Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Civil Islam Revisited

The 1989 collapse of state socialism in Europe ushered in a wave of political democratisation and economic liberalisation that quickly spread from Eastern and Central Europe to the Soviet Union. Observers began to question whether this wave would reach Southeast Asia, whose authoritarian regimes were themselves products of the Cold War. Indeed, there was some precedent for believing it would. Thailand had actually begun its transition to democracy a year earlier, in 1988, while Philippine protesters had overthrown Ferdinand Marcos in 1986. Suharto’s “New Order” regime, however, appeared especially resistant to calls for reform. Buffeted by gaudy growth figures, the regime had already faced down an internal challenge from within the military and an international human rights crisis in East Timor. Moreover, it had begun cultivating support among Indonesia’s emergent Muslim middle class, largely to isolate military and civilian rivals within the ruling class. Equally, though, Suharto hoped this new-found piety would inoculate the regime against the popular convulsions experienced elsewhere. Despite the regime’s efforts to co-opt Islam, orthodox Muslim voices were increasingly prominent among those calling for political reform. Prior to the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, these voices were less of a movement andmore a loose association of the likeminded, linking reform-minded cadres within Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah to a diffuse network of Muslim youth groups, labour organisations and NGOs promoting human rights. Crucially, these Muslim reformists were not just Muslims seeking reform, but Muslims articulating explicitly religious arguments for reform. Islamic arguments for democracy and human rights drew heavily from the philosophy of modernist scholar Fazlur Rahman, his Indonesian protégé, Nurcholish Madjid, and likeminded traditionalists such as Abdurrahman Wahid (who, as NU’s Chairman, directed the organisation to disavow its quest for an Islamic state). As anthropologist Robert Hefner noted, these arguments were demonstrably similar to those made by Catholic reformists in southern Europe and Latin America two decades prior – arguments that preceded the “Catholic wave” of democratisation and inspired Jose Casanova’s (1994) articulation of “public religion” as a sociological concept. Civil Islam: Muslims and Democratization in Indonesia tells the story of these Muslim reformists: their ideas, their efforts to turn autocratic Indonesia into a democratic and civil pluralist state, and the challenges they faced along the way – not least of which came from other Muslims. It argues that a paradigm shift in Muslim political consciousness, which Hefner calls “civil Islam”, undergirded these efforts.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Climbing the ladder or falling from grace? A threat-opportunity framework of the effects of norm violations on social rank

‘Social norms keep anarchy at bay, yet norm violations are omnipresent. Although norm violators are generally rejected from higher-ranking positions, they sometimes rise up the ranks. We advance a threat-opportunity framework to understand how contextual factors shape norm violators’ downward or upward mobility in social hierarchies. The contextual factors we identify pertain to attributes of the actor (violator), the observer, and the cultural context, which inﬂuence whether norm violations are construed as threats or opportunities. Norm violators rise up when their actions promote group goals, but they fall from grace when their actions obstruct observers’ own interests or culturally reinforced goals. We offer a review of the literature, which supports the threat-opportunity framework. We close by suggesting future research directions.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Understanding the evolution of the entrepreneurial university

There has been strong policy interest in universities be coming more entrepreneurial and engaging in knowledge exchange activities as part of an expanding third mission agenda. However, our understanding of the evolution and diversity of such activities is limited. Using longitudinal data from the Higher Education Business Community Interaction (HEBCI) Survey, this study examines the evolving configu ration of universities' knowledge exchange activities and stakeholders by analysing distinctive clusters of English universities. We find an increasingly diverse profile of third mission activities across different types of universities: within old, more established universities, Russell Group uni versities increasingly focus on research‐oriented activities typically in partnership with large firms and non‐commer cial organisations; while another group engages in a broad range of knowledge exchange activities with low speciali sation over time. Newer, less research intensive, universi ties increasingly rely on activities such as consultancy and formation of spin‐offs. A decreased engagement with small and medium enterprises and a lower share of knowledge ex change activities at the regional level are observed across the time studied for all universities.
Low Frequency Systemic Hemodynamic “Noise” in Resting State BOLD fMRI: Characteristics, Causes, Implications, Mitigation Strategies, and Applications

Advances in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) acquisition have improved signal to noise to the point where the physiology of the subject is the dominant noise source in resting state fMRI data (rsfMRI). Among these systemic, non-neuronal physiological signals, respiration and to some degree cardiac fluctuations can be removed through modeling, or in the case of newer, faster acquisitions such as simultaneous multislice acquisition, simple spectral filtering. However, significant low frequency physiological oscillation (∼0.01–0.15 Hz) remains in the signal. This is problematic, as it is the precise frequency band occupied by the neuronally modulated hemodynamic responses used to study brain connectivity, precluding its removal by spectral filtering. The source of this signal, and its method of production and propagation in the body, have not been conclusively determined. Here, we summarize the defining characteristics of the systemic low frequency noise signal, and review some current theories about the signal source and the evidence supporting them. The strength and distribution of the systemic LFO signal make characterizing and removing it essential for accurate quantification, especially for resting state connectivity, when no stimulation can be compared with the signal. Widespread correlated non-neuronal signals obscure and distort the more localized patterns of neuronal correlations between interacting brain regions; they may even cause apparent connectivity between regions with no neuronal interaction. Here, we discuss a simple method we have developed to parse the global, moving, blood-borne signal from the stationary, neuronal connectivity signals, substantially reducing the negative correlations that result from global signal regression. Finally, we will discuss some of the uses to which the moving systemic low frequency oscillation can be put if we consider it a “signal” carrying information, rather than simply “noise” complicating the interpretation of resting state connectivity. Properly utilizing this signal may offer insights into subtle hemodynamic alterations that can be used as early indicators of circulatory dysfunction in a number of neuropsychiatric conditions, such as prodromal stroke, moyamoya, and Alzheimer’s disease.
Analyzing the Demand for Reproductive Health Services in Ghana

Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) does not only involve the reproductive years but emphasizes the need for a life-cycle approach to health. Attainment of SRH depends vitally on the protection of reproductive rights; a set of long-standing accepted norms found in various countries and internationally agreed human rights instruments. The purpose of this report is to elaborate some of the elements of SRH, and recommend actions to improve SRH in WA municipality of the Upper West Region of Ghana. To ensure that greater demand for RHSs is generated towards creating a healthier nation.SRH comprised of disparate elements including safe motherhood, family planning, child health, harmful traditional practices, women empowerment, elimination of gender-based violence, etc. From the study, it was revealed that prenatal and postnatal care services are used more than the other Reproductive Health Service (RHS), this draws from the fact that most of the RHS and products identified in the municipality are peculiar to women. The Random Utility Model helped in analyzing this decision.It was also evident that the higher the level of education attained by the people in Wa municipality, the greater the usage of RHS and products. This report necessarily builds on and reinforces the analyses and recommendations made on the demand for SRH. Keywords: Reproductive Health Product(RHS), Sexual and Reproductive Health(SRH), Ghana Health services (GHS), Wa Municipal
Modeling on Eco-System Consisting of Two Hosts-One Commensal with Mortality Rates for the Second and Third Species

In this paper, the system comprises of two hosts S 1 , S 2 and one commensal S 3 ie. , S 1 and S 2 both benefit S 3 , without getting themselves affected either positively or adversely. Further, S 1 and S 2 are neutral. Here all the three species posses limited resources. The model equations constitute a set of three first order non-linear simultaneous differential equations. Criteria for the asymptotic stability of all the eight equilibrium states are established. The system would be stable if all the characteristic roots are negative, in case they are real, and have negative real parts, in case they are complex. The global stability of the system is established with the aid of suitably constructed Liapunov’s functions and the numerical solutions for the growth rate equations are computed using Runge-Kutta fourth order scheme.
Educating nurse leaders to think globally with international collaborative learning

Given the rapid pace of change and globalization, leaders in healthcare must be educated to think globally even if they only act locally. This short article discusses the experience of a collaborative online international learning (COIL) project between the University of Iceland (UI) and the University of Minnesota (UMN) in the United States. The project was embedded into graduate courses in nursing administration and leadership. COIL courses require substantial collaboration but, when done well, COIL transforms teaching so that global awareness of students and faculty is enhanced and widens their horizons as well as their cultural sensitivity.
Social by Default: Characterizing the Social Functions of the Resting Brain

Social-neuroscience research has identified a set of medial frontoparietal brain regions that reliably engage during social cognition. At the same time, cognitive-neuroscience research has shown that these regions comprise part of the default network, so named because they reliably activate during mental breaks by default. Although the anatomical similarity between the social brain and the default brain is well documented, why this overlap exists remains a mystery. Does the tendency to engage these regions by default during rest have particular social functions, and if so, what might these be? Here, it is suggested that the default network performs two critical social functions during rest: social priming and social consolidation. These constructs will be defined, recently published empirical findings that support them will be reviewed, and directions for future research on the topic will be proposed.
Economic Models of Choice

This chapter provides an introduction to choice models based on the principle of direct utility maximization. Models of direct utility are characterized by specifications of the utility function and accompanying budget constraint that allows separation of what is gained (i.e., utility) from that which is given up in an exchange. Direct utility maximization rationalizes observed choice as arising from goal-oriented consumers who are resource constrained. Marketing data overwhelmingly reflects goal-oriented behavior on the part of consumers in the high rate of zero’s present in disaggregate data, indicating that most people choose to not purchase most products that are available. By developing alternative models of direct utility maximization, we hope to spur additional research on utility formation and a more in-depth understanding of optimal firm reaction to the demands and constraints of consumers.
A Study on the Performance of Crowdsourcing Software Development Applying Collective Intelligence Genome Framework

This study is to empirically verify the causal relationship weighed on software development performance, when developing software using crowdsourcing, by participation reward factor provided by crowdsourcing ordering party, the new outputs made by crowdsourcing and decision makings. The results of crowdsourcing software development from the requester’s of crowdsourcing viewpoint could be summarized as follows. First, from requester’s of crowdsourcing viewpoint, cooperative creation and cooperative decision making with participants who were offered monetary reward were rejected and the hypothesis which cooperative creation and decision making with participants who have a favor was adopted. The hypothesis that cooperative creation by honorary reward was rejected but cooperative decision making was adopted. Second, the every hypothesis about effect on result of software development performance by cooperative creation and decision making was adopted, the results were same as the results from related studies.
Sensor fusions for constant thrust aircraft navigation in pitch plane

Constant thrust aircraft navigation is an altitude hold mode in air transportation systems, air refueling systems, traffic alert and collision avoidance system and automatic dependent surveillance broadcast based collision avoidance, as well as in surveillance operations of unmanned aerial vehicles. In pitch plane, determination of the elevator input options available to maneuver the aircraft from its altitude hold mode using constant thrust is an important problem. Such inputs are useful to avoid time critical obstacles or collisions sensed in the horizontal plane. In this paper, it is shown that sensor fusions in feedback path are particularly attractive to generate such elevator inputs. Given the nonlinear aircraft’s linear time-invariant model based controllers at the inner loop, constant thrust aircraft navigation requires these controllers derived for sensor fusions. That is, in state feedback format, usually an identity matrix is considered for all state variables as measurements whereas in the present paper, particular combinations of the sensors in the feedback path are considered. A procedure to derive the stabilizing controllers that accommodates the sensor fusions is presented in partial pole placement framework. Then the nonlinear aircraft embedded with such controllers is simulated with capabilities to avoid the time critical obstacles. Examples by using a micro air vehicle model are illustrated.
Changes of the Core Competency of Infection Control Nurses in Accordance with the New Law Supporting Infection Control Manpower

Since the MERS outbreak in Korea in 2015, medical law has been revised to expand infection control manpower in order to strengthen infection control. This has resulted in a surge of infection control nurses (ICNs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the core competencies, job stress, and infection control knowledge of ICNs under the new law enacted in September 2016, while also identifying the factors affecting the core competency. We surveyed 250 ICNs who attended the 2018 Korea Association of Infection Control Nurses conference. Those who had recently become ICNs due to the amendment of the new law was found to have low infection control experience. The core competency was the lowest among ICNs with <2 years of experience who had primarily been recruited due to the new law. Factors affecting the core competencies included infection control knowledge, carrier duration as ICNs, and certification status of ICNs. The explanatory power of these three core competency factors was 55.8%. To improve the core competency of ICNs, education programs improving infection control knowledge and career maintenance support appear essential. Further, high-quality qualification programs should be provided to ICNs.
No TEBA...forget TEBA": the plight of Malawian ex-migrant workers to South Africa, 1988-1994.

In March 1998 the South African Chamber of Mines stopped a century-old tradition of recruiting migrant workers from Malawi. This has arrested and curtailed the process of accumulation taking place in the households of the returned migrant workers in the rural economy. This article discusses the process of socioeconomic transformation in rural Malawi and examines the survival strategies and enterprising spirit of Malawian migrant workers and their households. Overall it is noted that the transformation has created dilemmas for both the supplying and receiving countries of migrant laborers. In this view it is stated that the process of retrenchment and the transformation of the migrant labor system in the region will only further injure those who are already vulnerable and most exploited and coerced. In addition the growing militancy of the Malawian ex-miners has been an outcome of the opening up of the countrys political system and partly due to the frustration in the social and economic lives of the ex-miners. Moreover it is clear that any option the new South African government and the mining industry decide to take in reconfiguration of the migrant labor system will seriously have to take into consideration the wider social economic and political implications on the regional level.
Quality of life of elderly Chinese immigrants: focusing on living arrangements and social capital

ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship between living arrangements, social capital, and quality of life of elderly Chinese immigrants in the United States. For this purpose, data were collected from 205 Chinese immigrants aged 65 years and above who did not have any cognitive disorders and were living in Los Angeles County. The primary variables considered included demographic data, living arrangements, social capital, and the quality of life. Results showed that the quality of life of elderly Chinese immigrants was significantly influenced by their life with a spouse or children and traits of social capital, such as trust, partnership with the community, and political participation. Findings indicate that trust, partnership, political participation, and living with a spouse or children are closely related to the quality of life of elderly Chinese immigrants. This study highlights the importance of developing a community atmosphere and policy to enhance elderly Chinese immigrants’ social participation, trust, and life with family members to further improve their subjective quality of life. Results may have implications for elderly immigrants from other countries, as well.
Homophobia in the hallways: Heterosexism and transphobia in Canadian Catholic schools

Stories have the power to provide connection and encourage empathy as well as convey information. Homophobia in the Hallways: Heterosexism and Transphobia in Canadian Catholic Schools by Tonya D. Callaghan (2018) starts with a story. The author describes her experiences as a student and educator and notes “it was in the Catholic schools that I witnessed the most systemic homophobia” (Callaghan, 2018). The author also shares what compelled her to leave the Catholic teaching profession to pursue graduate studies and research as means of effecting change. During the introduction, Callaghan deftly contextualizes the problem of homophobia and transphobia in publicly funded Catholic schools and includes news media reports about students protesting heterosexism and lobbing for inclusion and equal treatment. Callaghan points out that although LGBTQþ individuals have equal rights and nondiscrimination protection, administrators at Catholic districts sometimes choose to dismiss inclusive policies that protect LGBTQþ students and teachers, claiming that such policies are antithetical to their religion. The first chapter commences with a discussion about compulsory heterosexuality in schools. One example of this is curricula which may focus on heterosexuality. Even though supplemental LGBTQþ-inclusive curricula have been created for use in Canadian public schools, teachers in Catholic schools do not have to use these curricula as written. Some choose heterosexist curricula or a heterosexist rewriting of these curricula, ostensibly through a Catholic lens. They may do this for a variety of reasons; some fear consequences, such as loss of employment, for being inclusive. The results of a nationwide survey of K-12 Canadian teachers conducted six years ago showed that a higher percentage (more than half) of Catholic school teachers worried about losing their jobs if they included LGBTQþ topics in their classes, even though many recognized the importance of inclusive curricula. They mentioned administrators’ restrictions as one reason their curricula were heterocentric and ciscentric (Taylor et al., 2015). The author establishes clear background for this qualitative study of students and teachers in publicly funded Catholic schools in Alberta and Ontario, especially for international readers who have little knowledge of Canadian education. She then describes the methodology and participants. The second chapter contains engaging vignettes of 18 out of the 20 participants in the study, the majority of whom were recently graduated students. It is not clear why vignettes of two participants were not included. However, the choice to include vignettes of the majority of participants provides readers with a sense of connection with the participants, as well as a glimpse into their experiences in Catholic schools.
Observer’s Perceptions of Nonclinical Touch during Physician-Patient Interaction

Of all the staff with whom patients communicate with, the physician is arguably the most important. When physicians communicate well, patients are more likely to acknowledge health problems, understand treatment options, and comply with medication regimens. Although what a physician communicates is important, how the information is delivered has the potential to alter a patient’s perceptions of the entire medical encounter. The goal of this study is to test the utility of a simple nonverbal behavior – a nonclinical touch – on patient perceptions of immediacy, subsequent patient satisfaction, and patient experience scores. A total of 394 participants were recruited as analogue patients to assess videos of a physician speaking with patients either using nonclinical touch at the end of the encounter or not doing so. No significant differences were found between the touch and no-touch groups. Implications are raised for the utility of touch in provider-patient interactions, as well as questions over whether or not analogue patients fully experience the impact of touch used by physicians, given that they are seeing and not feeling said touch. This study offers a host of methodological insights on how future research into clinical touch may be pursued. 1 THE IMPACT OF NONCLINICAL TOUCH The Impact of Nonclinical Touch on Observers’ Perceptions
Software system for simultaneous localization and mapping based on video content analysis

This paper consists of the formal specification and implementation of the system for simultaneous localization and mapping based on video content analysis using one video camera, without usage of any additional sensors. Lack of sensors lowers the system price, but software complexity becomes very high. Shi-Thomasi corner detection method is used in system implementation, as well as Lucas-Kanade optical flow method, RANSAC algorithm for optical flow vector filtering and Kalman filter for correction of the camera position.