Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelo de pronóstico para mejorar la efectividad en los medicamentos de los tratamientos antivirales en VIH

Introduccion: En Colombia los tratamientos para el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, consumen gran parte del presupuesto en salud, debido a que el costo es directamente proporcional al tiempo de supervivencia del paciente, por esto los tratamientos mas eficaces no estan al alcance de toda la poblacion. Un eventual fracaso virologico implica un detrimento en la salud del paciente y, perdida de recursos asociado a costos del tratamiento. Objetivo: Mostrar mediante un modelo de pronostico los sobrecostos que genera la falta de adherencia y las mutaciones del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, que confiere la resistencia de los tratamientos antivirales, asi como la eficiencia del tratamiento a pacientes con infeccion por el mismo. Metodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, muestra de 64 resultados de genotipificacion del virus realizada a pacientes en una IPS especializada en atencion a personas que viven con infeccion por el virus de inmunodeficiencia, el cual selecciono los casos que cumplian los criterios del estudio segun los resultados del instrumento aplicado. Resultados: Se determino que el tiempo de tratamiento y el tiempo de atencion en la IPS, no ayudan a pronosticar mutaciones que generen resistencia a los medicamentos antirretrovirales. Ademas, que la exposicion al antiretroviral, en cualquier caso, va a generar algun tipo de mutaciones que generan resistencia al mismo, esto indica que, si se desea pronosticar el costo del tratamiento para esta EPS, las variables predictoras seran X1= tipo de tratamiento recibido, X2= preferencia sexual y X3= edad. Conclusiones: El costo es imprescindible en la Administracion en Salud, fue una de las variables mas importantes estudiadas. Se encontro que el factor adherencia es inverso al costo del tratamiento, entre mas adherente sea el paciente, menor sera el costo.
Untersuchung von Nukleinsäuren mit Hilfe von neuen Simulationsmethoden

In dieser Arbeit wurde ein Verfahren entwickelt mit dem der Konformationsraum von Nukleinsauren effizient abgetastet werden kann. Neben unterschiedlichen DNA-Schaden wurden auch Konformationsraume von gepaarten Nukleotiden innerhalb der RNA Doppelhelix (RNA-Bulge-Strukturen) untersucht. Zudem wurden freie Energierechnungen an Dangling-End-Strukturen durchgefuhrt. Dangling-End Basen sind uberhangende Basen am Terminus einer Nukleinsaure, die keinen Watson-Crick Partner besitzen und einen stabilisierenden Einfluss auf den Doppelstrang haben.
Theoretical evaluation to improve the performance of composite wax powder: cooperativity effects involving the strong Na+···π/σ and weak hydrogen-bonding interactions in the complex of graphene oxide with Na+ and CH4

ABSTRACT To provide a reasonable design scheme to improve the performance of composite wax powder, the ternary complex Na+···graphene oxide (GO)···CH4 was selected as a model system to evaluate the cooperativity effect between the Na+···σ/π and H-bonding interactions in the composite wax powder doped with GO at the M06-2X/6-311++G(2d,p) and MP2/6-311++G(2d,p) levels. The cooperativities in GO···(CH4)n (n = 1∼10) and thermodynamic cooperativity effects in Na+···GO···CH4 were also investigated. Although the changes of the absolute values of H-bonding interactions were slight, from those of relative values, the influence of the Na+···π or Na+···O interaction on the C–H···π, O–H···C or C–H···O interaction was notable upon the formation of ternary systems. The anti-cooperativity effect was found in the cyclic structure, while the cooperativity effect appeared in the linear conformation. The Na+···σ/π and H-bonding interactions as well as cooperativities in Na+···GO···CH4 were stronger than those in Na+···coronene···CH4. The formation of Na+···GO···CH4 is a thermodynamic cooperativity process driven by the enthalpy change. Therefore, it could be inferred that, when graphite powder or carbon black was replaced by GO, the compatibilities could be strengthened among various components, and thus the performance of casting moulds could be improved. Atoms-in-molecules (AIM) and reduced density gradient (RDG) analyses confirmed the cooperativity effect and revealed the nature of the improved performance of composite wax powder with GO. The GO···(CH4)n (n = 1∼3) are positively cooperative, while the negative cooperativity is shown when n = 4∼10. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A New Frontier of Blood Imaging Using Susceptibility Effect and Tailored RF Pulses

In MRI, image contrast can be controlled by use of the susceptibility effect if an object contains paramagnetic substances. The localized linear gradient dephases spins in the voxel, leading to phase cancellation and thus reduced signal. This signal void phenomenon, can be exploited if the intrinsic linear gradient is either enhanced or compensated by externally applied RF generated phase distributions. In this paper, a new concept which utilizes the susceptibility effect through the use of tailored RF pulses is proposed. As potential applications of the method, two different types of tailored RF pulses are introduced: one for the enhancement of the susceptibility effect and the other for the correction of the susceptibility artifact, respectively. The former, for example, can be applied to angiography utilizing the paramagnetic property of deoxygenated blood, suggesting a new avenue for the angiography which, for the first time, is not based on flow, although the method is currently limited to imaging of venous blood or venography. Both a theoretical study of the method and experimental results are reported. © 1992 Academic Press,Inc.
Intravenous iron sucrose is superior to oral iron sulphate for correcting anaemia and restoring iron stores in IBD patients: A randomized, controlled, evaluator-blind, multicentre study

Objective. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often have low iron stores or anaemia. There is controversy about whether iron should be supplemented orally or intravenously (i.v.). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether treatment with intravenous iron is superior to treatment with oral iron. The primary end-points were response and remaining anaemia at the end of treatment (EOT). Material and methods. Ninety-one patients with IBD and anaemia (B-Hb <115 g/L) were randomized to oral iron sulphate (n=46) or intravenous iron sucrose (n=45) treatment for 20 weeks. Results. Forty-three patients in the intravenous iron group completed the study compared to 35 patients in the oral iron group (p=0.0009). Only 22 patients (48%) tolerated the prescribed oral dose, and 52% reduced the dose or withdrew from treatment because of poor tolerance. At EOT, 47% patients in the oral iron group increased their B-Hb by ≥20 g/L, compared with 66% in the intravenous iron group (p=0.07). In the oral iron group, 41% still had anaemia versus 16% of the patients in the intravenous iron group (p=0.007), and 22% versus 42% reached their reference B-Hb level (p=0.04). Treatment with intravenous iron sucrose improved iron stores faster and more effectively than oral iron (p=0.002). Under treatment with intravenous iron, 74% of the patients had no anaemia and normal S-ferritin levels (>25 µg/L) at EOT compared with 48% of patients receiving oral iron (p=0.013). Conclusions. Treatment with intravenous iron sucrose is effective, safe, well tolerated and superior to oral iron in correcting haemoglobin and iron stores in patients with IBD.
Acute Effects of 5 Min of Plantar Flexor Static Stretching on Balance and Gait in the Elderly

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of five minutes of plantar flexor static stretching (PSS) on the balance and gait of the elderly. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-five subjects aged 65 years and above performed 5 min of PSS in the form of wedge board standing. The sway length of each subject’s center of mass was measured to examine the subject’s static balance. It was measured by one minute of quiet standing with the eyes closed. Functional reach tests (FRTs), timed up and go tests (TUGs), and 10-meter walk tests (10MWTs) were performed to examine dynamic balance and gait before and after PSS. [Results] The outcome showed significant increases in sway distances (6.55 ± 5.03 cm) after stretching. However, in the FRTs, TUGs, and 10MWTs, the reach distance and time did not show any significant changes. [Conclusion] These results suggest that the elderly subjects temporarily experienced difficulties in maintaining balance immediately after the PSS but that their dynamic balance and gait were not adversely affected after a short period of time. Therefore, to prevent falls and perform exercises in a safe way, it is recommended to allow patients to rest after performing PSS.
IL‐4 supports the generation of a dendritic cell subset from murine bone marrow with altered endocytosis capacity

Dendritic cells (DC) of myeloid origin can be generated from mouse bone marrow (BM) using granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF). Immature major histocompatibility complex (MHC) IIlow DC are known to bear a high endocytosis capacity, in contrast to DC precursors and mature DC. Now we found that a subset of MHC IIlow DC in BM‐DC cultures is unable to exert mannose receptor‐mediated endocytosis of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐dextran (DX) and resembles immature Langerhans cells (LC). The FITC‐DX endocytosis activity of LC‐like cells occurs at an earlier stage of development, where the surface MHC II expression is absent or very weak. This LC‐like subset expresses higher levels of E‐cadherin but lower amounts of the markers Gr‐1, scavenger receptor 2F8, and CD11b, when compared with the highly endocytic DC subset. The latter myeloid DC resemble monocyte‐derived DC (MoDC). The sorted LC‐like population develops completely and exclusively into mature MHC IIhigh DC, and the MoDC‐like cells remain immature MHC IIlow DC or develop into adherent MHC IIneg macrophages or mature into MHC IIhigh DC. The development of LC‐like cells is promoted by interleukin‐4. Thus, we show here that the simultaneous development of LC‐like and MoDC‐like DC subsets occurs in standard bulk cultures with GM‐CSF, suggesting the existence of two different precursors for LC and MoDC in BM.
Decomposition based granule of concept lattice in network communication

By formal concept theory, many achievements are acquired about the H-A pair web page generated from the Hub webpage and Authority web page. Whereas, the number of concept is exponential growth following the number of web page, in this paper, we proposed a novel method, it generate the diverse granular partition of concept lattice with some topic, and then the forming different granular space, furthermore, the abstraction of granule in granular space can be made formed a simplified lattice as the simplification of original lattice.
Coupling arterial windkessel with peripheral vasomotion: modeling the effects on low-frequency oscillations

Arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) waves have long been recognized as an important sign of cardiovascular regulation, however, the underlying interactions involving vasomotion, arterial mechanisms and neural regulation have not been clarified. With the aid of simple dynamical models consisting of active peripheral vascular districts (PVDs) fed by a compliant/resistant arterial tree, the relationship between local AP and flow and systemic AP waves were analyzed. A PVD was described as a nonlinear flow regulation loop. Various feedback dynamics were experimented and general properties were focused. The PVDs displayed a region of active flow compensation against pressure changes, in which self-sustained low-frequency (LF, 0.1 Hz) appeared. Oscillations critically depended on parameter, Teq, analogous to a windkessel time constant, proportional to arterial compliances: a value of about 2 s (consistent with a normal pulse pressure) performed a buffering effect essential for LF oscillations in peripheral flow; conversely, stiffer arteries damped LF vasomotion. Two PVDs fed by a common compliance oscillated in phase opposition; the consequent negative interference cancelled systemic AP waves, even in presence of large peripheral oscillations. The partial disruption of phase opposition by a common neural drive oscillating at a LF proximal to that of the PVDs unveiled LF waves in AP. Also, several PVDs with randomly different natural frequencies displayed a tendency to reciprocal cancellation, while a limited neurally induced phase alignment unmasked LF oscillations at systemic level. It is concluded that vasomotion, arterial compliances and, neural drives are all elements which may cooperate in forming AP waves.
Application of Precision-Cut Rat Liver Slice to Study the Influence of Monocrotaline, Tussilago farfara Alkaloids on the Expression of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes

Precision-cut liver slice has been successfully used to study the mechanism of drug-induced hepatotoxicity, the prediction of liver toxicity, the discovery of early hepatic toxicity biomarker and the metabolism of drug in liver. We detected the expression of CYP3A4, CYP2B1 + CYP2B2 and CYP2E1 in precision-cut liver slice after co-cultured with monocrotaline or Tussilago farfara alkaloids to investigate the hepatotoxicity mechanism of those drugs. After co-culturing with monocrotaline or Tussilago farfara alkaloids for 6 hours, the expression of CYP3A4 in the microsome of precision-cut liver slices was detected by Western blot, and the expressions of CYP2B1 + CYP2B2 and CYP2E1 were detected by immunofluorescence. The results showed that monocrotaline induced the expression of CYP3A4 and CYP2B1 + CYP2B2, and Tussilago farfara alkaloids obviously up-regulated the expression of CYP2E1 and CYP3A4. Thus, we conclude that the up-regulation of CYP3A4, CYP2B1 + CYP2B2 and CYP2E1 may be one of the toxic mechanisms of liver injury of those drugs.
Torpedo Maculopathy: In-Vivo Histology Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Purpose. Recent reports of torpedo maculopathy have disclosed underlying irregularities within the chorioretinal tissue that have not been shown to induce disturbances in visual function. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides a unique means of assessing the chorioretinal organization and integrity of torpedo lesions in an in vivo setting that has yet to be explored. In agreement with reported cases, torpedo maculopathy appears to be a benign, non-progressive condition that subtends the horizontal raphe in the juxtafoveal region and imparts no disturbance in visual function. Case Reports. Three cases of torpedo maculopathy were examined using Stratus OCT3 imaging (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA). OCT scans revealed intact, attenuated retinal layers with hyper-reflectivity of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). The RPE subtending these lesions appears of normal thickness, yet, there is an abrupt transition between intact-organized and intact-disorganized retinal tissue in scans transitioning from normal retina to torpedo lesions. Our imaging studies revealed significant attenuation and disorganization of the inner and outer retinal layers overlying a hyper-reflective RPE, which was of normal thickness and devoid of any structural defects. Conclusions. An analysis of the OCT images collected suggests anomalies in retinal architecture. This finding implies that these lesions may represent atypical colobomas whereby retinal tissues are present but, perhaps, not fully developed. In light of these imaging studies, we propose that this uncommon condition may arise from deficits in cellular migration and/or organization.
Identification of a Novel Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulatory Subunit Highly Expressed in Muscle (*)

Differential association of regulatory B subunits with a core heterodimer, composed of a catalytic (C) and a structural (A) subunit, is an important mechanism that regulates protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). We have isolated and characterized three novel cDNAs related to the B′ subunit of bovine cardiac PP2A. Two human (B′α1 and B′α2) and a mouse (B′α3) cDNA encode for alternatively spliced variants of the B′ subunit. The deduced primary sequences of these clones contain 12 of 15 peptides derived from the purified bovine B′ subunit. Differences between the deduced sequences of the B′α splice variants and the cardiac peptide sequences suggest the existence of multiple isoforms of the B′ subunit. Comparison of the protein and nucleotide sequences of the cloned cDNAs show that all three forms of B′α diverge at a common splice site near the 3′-end of the coding regions. Northern blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that the B′α transcripts (4.3-4.4 kb) are widely expressed and very abundant in heart and skeletal muscle. The expressed human and mouse B′α proteins readily associated with the PP2A core enzyme in both in vitro and in vivo complex formation assays. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that epitope-tagged B′α was localized in both the cytosol and nuclei of transiently transfected cells. The efficiency of binding of all three expressed proteins to a glutathione S-transferase-A subunit fusion protein was greatly enhanced by the addition of the C subunit. Expression of the B′α subunits in insect Sf9 cells resulted in formation of AC•B′α heterotrimers with the endogenous insect A and C subunits. These results show that the B′ subunit, which is the predominant regulatory subunit in cardiac PP2A, is a novel protein whose sequence is unrelated to other PP2A regulatory subunits. The nuclear localization of expressed B′α suggests that some variants of the B′ subunit are involved in the nuclear functions of PP2A.
Multiobjective Multiple Neighborhood Search Algorithms for Multiobjective Fleet Size and Mix Location-Routing Problem With Time Windows

This paper introduces a multiobjective fleet size and mix location-routing problem with time windows and designs a set of real-world benchmark instances. Then, two versions of multiobjective multiple neighborhood search algorithms based on decomposition and vector angle are developed for solving the problem. In the proposed algorithms, three different kinds of neighborhood search operators, including general local search, objective-specific local search, and large neighborhood search, are carefully designed and combined in a synergistic manner. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. Relationships between different objectives in this multiobjective problem are also discussed.
Using the ECOGRAI method for performance evaluation in maintenance process

Continuously improving performance is a needed strategic service in any production context. It can be used to improve supply chain effectiveness, efficiency, reactiveness and flexibility. Moreover, some companies have used different performance, management tools to support their supply chain strategies.Therefore evaluation, monitoring and improvement of performance of a supply chain have become an increasingly important task. In this paper we present an ECOGRAI method of performance evaluation applied in a maintenance process at the end we implement a system performance indicators.
The new laparoscopic proctocolectomy training (in soft cadaver).

OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the quality of preservation (tissue plane, named vessels identification, consistency of colon and rectum), quality of performing procedures, difficulties and problems and finally the satisfaction of surgeons in laparoscopic proctocolectomy in soft cadaver. SETTING Colorectal Division, Department of Surgery and Surgical Training Center Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University. DESIGN Prospective descriptive study MATERIAL AND METHOD 10 soft cadavers were scheduled for laparoscopic proctocolectomy. The procedures (colon-rectum mobilization and named vessels identification) were performed by 14 experienced surgeons (8 colorectal surgeons) and assisted by surgical residents. The quality of preservation, successfulness and the satisfaction in performing the procedures were recorded using questionnaires for evaluation. RESULTS The preservation was very good in every aspect especially tissue plane between colon, mesocolon and retroperitoneum which was clearly dissected, same asfasciapropria of rectum. The named vessels and the tissue consistency were very well preserved and tolerated to laparoscopic equipment handling. The surgeons were satisfied with the tissue handling and dissections. There were two difficulties, the first was air leakage but simply corrected with purse string suture and the second was unflavored smell which was not concerned. Laparoscopic proctocolectomy could be completely performed in soft cadaver. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic proctocolectomy could be performed in soft cadavers with great satisfaction. Repeated practice is possible, so the surgeons can gain their experiences outside the operating theatre. This success may shorten the learning curve and may be the new era in cadaver-based training.
An empirical study of portfolio management and Kanban in agile and lean software companies

Traditional portfolio management tools and methods are challenging for software companies that use agile and lean approaches, because of the complex pre‐planning activities required. In this paper, traditional portfolio management tools and methods that have been conventionally used in industry and presented in literature are reviewed. Findings concerning their use in agile and lean software companies are investigated, on the basis of the literature review and semi‐structured interviews conducted in 7 agile and lean software companies in Finland. The findings indicate that the studied companies do not use traditional portfolio management tools and methods in their entirety. The software companies adapted suitable components from traditional portfolio management tools and methods into their practices. They also apply new tools and methods to manage their portfolios of offerings, to cope with the dynamics required by agile and lean methods. The companies' emphasis is on using tools to facilitate immediate feedback from customers, to assess the value of offerings in their portfolio. The results showed a growing interest in using Kanban at the portfolio level to provide a visual overview of offerings.
Kcnq1ot1/Lit1 Noncoding RNA Mediates Transcriptional Silencing by Targeting to the Perinucleolar Region

ABSTRACT The Kcnq1ot1 antisense noncoding RNA has been implicated in long-range bidirectional silencing, but the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Here we characterize a domain at the 5′ end of the Kcnq1ot1 RNA that carries out transcriptional silencing of linked genes using an episomal vector system. The bidirectional silencing property of Kcnq1ot1 maps to a highly conserved repeat motif within the silencing domain, which directs transcriptional silencing by interaction with chromatin, resulting in histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation. Intriguingly, the silencing domain is also required to target the episomal vector to the perinucleolar compartment during mid-S phase. Collectively, our data unfold a novel mechanism by which an antisense RNA mediates transcriptional gene silencing of chromosomal domains by targeting them to distinct nuclear compartments known to be rich in heterochromatic machinery.