Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation into diagnostic agreement using automated computer-assisted histopathology pattern recognition image analysis

The extent to which histopathology pattern recognition image analysis (PRIA) agrees with microscopic assessment has not been established. Thus, a commercial PRIA platform was evaluated in two applications using whole-slide images. Substantial agreement, lacking significant constant or proportional errors, between PRIA and manual morphometric image segmentation was obtained for pulmonary metastatic cancer areas (Passing/Bablok regression). Bland-Altman analysis indicated heteroscedastic measurements and tendency toward increasing variance with increasing tumor burden, but no significant trend in mean bias. The average between-methods percent tumor content difference was -0.64. Analysis of between-methods measurement differences relative to the percent tumor magnitude revealed that method disagreement had an impact primarily in the smallest measurements (tumor burden <3%). Regression-based 95% limits of agreement indicated substantial agreement for method interchangeability. Repeated measures revealed concordance correlation of >0.988, indicating high reproducibility for both methods, yet PRIA reproducibility was superior (C.V.: PRIA = 7.4, manual = 17.1). Evaluation of PRIA on morphologically complex teratomas led to diagnostic agreement with pathologist assessments of pluripotency on subsets of teratomas. Accommodation of the diversity of teratoma histologic features frequently resulted in detrimental trade-offs, increasing PRIA error elsewhere in images. PRIA error was nonrandom and influenced by variations in histomorphology. File-size limitations encountered while training algorithms and consequences of spectral image processing dominance contributed to diagnostic inaccuracies experienced for some teratomas. PRIA appeared better suited for tissues with limited phenotypic diversity. Technical improvements may enhance diagnostic agreement, and consistent pathologist input will benefit further development and application of PRIA.
Permanent iodine-125 interstitial implants for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.

OBJECTIVE Brachytherapy with temporary implants may prolong survival in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), but it is associated with relatively high costs and morbidity. This study reports the time to progression and survival after permanent implantation of iodine-125 seeds for recurrent GBM and examines factors predictive of outcome. METHODS Forty patients with recurrent GBM were treated with maximal resection plus permanent placement of iodine-125 seeds into the tumor bed. A total dose of 120 to 160 Gy was administered, and patients were followed up with magnetic resonance imaging scans every 2 to 3 months. RESULTS Actuarial survival from the time of implantation was 47 weeks, with 7 of 40 patients still alive at a median of 59 weeks after implantation. Survival was significantly better for patients younger than 60 years, and a trend for longer survival was demonstrated with gross total resection and tumors with a low MIB-1 (a nuclear antigen present in all cell cycles of proliferating cells) staining index. Median time to progression was 25 weeks and, on multivariate analysis, was favorably influenced by gross total resection and patient age younger than 60 years. After implantation, 27 of 30 patients with failure had a local component to the failure. No patient developed symptoms attributable to radiation necrosis or injury. CONCLUSION Permanent iodine-125 implants for recurrent GBM result in survival comparable with that described in previous reports on temporary implants, but with less morbidity. Results are most favorable for patients who are younger than 60 years, and who undergo gross total resection. Despite this aggressive treatment, most patients die as a consequence of locally recurrent disease.
Antigenic studies on Staphylococcus epidermidis.

An antigenic analysis has been performed of 48 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis, mostly belonging to biochemical type 1. Rabbit preimmune sera were found to contain shared natural antibodies in low titres against S. epidermidis and S. aureus. Cross-agglutination and absorption experiments showed that the two species share antigens to a considerable degree. After removal of the shared antibodies by absorption, several specific S. epidermidis antibodies were registered. Glycerol α-glucosyl teichoic acid (polysaccharide B) was demonstrated in 67 per cent of the S. epidermidis strains on double diffusion in agar gel. An unknown precipitinogen was demonstrated in 37 strains. Serologic examination is recommended in the evaluation of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from infections.
Assessment of Innovation and Its Impacts on the Organisation in a Public Sector Organisation

The paper presents an attempt to provide an assessment of innovativeness of the Botswana public sector and how its impacts on the overall business performance. To accomplish the study aims, a survey of a selected public sector organisation was carried out to gather information on the innovativeness and the impacts thereof on the overall performance of the sector. The hypotheses were tested using multivariate statistics. The study reveals that product and customer satisfaction are good predictors of innovativeness of organisation and have impact on the overall business performance. The other remaining variables did not indicate significance on the innovativeness and impacts on the selected public organisation’s overall business performance. The present study’s limitation is the focus on one public sector organisation. However, the study provides an insight into the innovativeness of Botswana’s public sector and the impacts on the selected public sector’s overall business performance. In addition, the study offers some recommendation on how the organisation can make use of the remaining variables to enhance its innovativeness. The study offers prima facie case of public sector innovativeness from a developing country, where little is known about innovation capabilities of the sector. Furthermore, the paper provides a more generalised, products and customer satisfaction as predictors of organisation innovativeness.
Allokation von Aufmerksamkeit und Metakognition beim Problemlösen mit Einsicht

Beim Losen von Einsichtsproblemen geraten Menschen oft in Situationen, in denen die Losung des Problems unmoglich scheint. Untersucht werden zwei Prozesse, welche den Raum der Handlungsmoglichkeiten erweitern, wenn eine solche Sackgasse angetroffen wird: Die Lockerung von Randbedingungen und die Dekomposition von chunks. Die Annahme dieser Prozesse erlaubt die Ableitung von Voraussagen uber die Allokation von Aufmerksamkeit in Problemen der Streichholz-Arithmetik. Die Voraussagen werden durch die Ergebnisse einer Blickbewegungsstudie bestatigt. Nur erfolgreiche Problemloser verlagern ihre Aufmerksamkeit graduell auf losungsrelevante Aufgabenelemente. Eine zweite Untersuchung zeigt, dass sich die Aufmerksamkeitsverlagerung nicht in der subjektiven Einschatzung uber die Nahe zur Losung widerspiegelt. Prozesse, die in einer Sackgasse neue Handlungsmoglichkeiten eroffnen, verlagern die Aufmerksamkeit, ohne das subjektive Erleben uber die Nahe der bevorstehenden Losung zu beeinflussen.
The Impact of Human Capital on Information Literate Behavior Among Librarians:A case study at University of Diponegoro

Information literacy has become one of the key competency needed by any individual in the information age. Librarians as information professionals are required to play its part in developing this competency. For librarians themselves, this competency become a twofold obligation. First, they have to be information literate so that they can make the most use of information for their own need, for any purposes. Second, they have the obligation to teach this competency to library users, so that they can access, evaluate and use information critically and wisely. The competency itself can be gained through various ways (Bruce, 1997) : including information literacy education. However, in Indonesia, information literacy education for librarians has not been widely available. While information resources proliferate, librarians have not been formally armed with skills to critically harness new formats of information resources. Therefore their information literacy competency development rely more on the knowledge of information skills gained through life experiences. This phenomena can be analyzed by using the sociological perspective of human capital. Through the lens of human capital theory, information literacy is the accumulation of one’s knowledge through general education, training (either general or specific) and other life experiences related to information handling, such as technology use, access to sources of information, etc. These three factors will help individuals develop their information literacy. This paper try to examine the relationship between human capital development and information literate behavior among librarians.
Work-Life Balance Practices, Performance-Related Pay, and Gender Equality in the Workplace: Evidence from Japan

This paper uses unique firm-level panel data from Japan and provides new evidence on the possible impact on gender equality in the workplace of human resources management (HRM) practices. Specifically we consider a number of work-life balance (WLB) practices that are developed in part to enhance gender equality as well as performance-related pay (PRP) that is one of the most often discussed changes in the Japanese HRM system in recent years. Our fixed effect estimates indicate that daycare service assistance (onsite daycare services and daycare service allowances) has a gradual yet significant positive effect on the share of women in the firm's core labor force and the proportion of female directors. However, transition period part-time work is found to result in a decrease in the proportion of female directors (or exacerbating gender inequality in management). Turning to PRP, the fixed effect estimates suggest that a switch from the traditional wage system that rewards workers for their long-term skill development through on-the-job training within the firm to PRP that makes pay more sensitive to shorter-term performance will result in a fall in the proportion of female directors. We also find that the adverse effect on gender equality of PRP is fully mediated by having a more objective performance evaluation system; a more transparent decision making process; and a more systematic, explicit and formal training program. This finding can be interpreted as evidence pointing to gender discrimination in the workplace. In designing, developing and revising public policy instruments to achieve Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's ambitious policy goal of "increasing the share of women in leadership positions to at least 30% by 2020 in all fields in society," policy makers may need to pay particular attention to heterogeneous efficacy of specific WLB practices and the adverse effect of PRP as well as the mediating role played by management by objectives (MBO), information sharing, and systematic training program.
The retinal carotenoids zeaxanthin and lutein scavenge superoxide and hydroxyl radicals: a chemiluminescence and ESR study.

PURPOSE Carotenoids are present in many biological systems, often decreasing the formation of products of oxidative damage to biological molecules. In the macula their concentration is so high that it has been believed that the yellow color filters out damaging blue light. Recent reports that dietary lutein reduces the risk of cataract in the eye lens suggested that the antioxidant action of carotenoids, which has been inferred from decreased oxidative damage, warranted further direct investigation. METHODS Superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging by lutein and zeaxanthin (retinal carotenoids), beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein esters (from marigolds), and a commercial mixture of soy carotenoids were compared to scavenging by ascorbate and ascorbyl palmitate. Radical scavenging was measured with a chemiluminescent assay (luminol) and by electron spin resonance, ESR. Inhibitory concentrations, IC(50), were determined with the luminescent assay. RESULTS All of the carotenoids scavenged both superoxide (in ESR 30-50% at 16.7 microM) and hydroxyl radicals (in ESR 50-70% at 16.7 microM, in a luminescent assay 90-99%). CONCLUSIONS While crocin may be unable to scavenge superoxide, some of the other carotenoids do so quite effectively. The mixtures of 15,15'-cis and all-trans-carotenoids studied by ESR and luminescent assay scavenge both superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Lycopene and beta-carotene both scavenge superoxide more effectively than the xanthophylls of the retina, zeaxanthin and lutein. All of the carotenoids examined scavenged the hydroxyl radicals more effectively than superoxide radicals. The predominant carotenoid in the fovea of the retina, zeaxanthin, scavenged hydroxyl radicals more effectively than the other retinal carotenoid, lutein. Possible mechanisms of radical scavenging by the carotenoids are discussed.
Model of Surface Instabilities Induced by Stress

We propose a model based on a Ginzburg-Landau approach to study a strain relief mechanism at a free interface of a nonhydrostatically stressed solid, commonly observed in thin-film growth. The evolving instability, known as the Grinfeld instability, is studied numerically in two and three dimensions. Inherent in the description is the proper treatment of nonlinearities. We find that these nonlinearities can lead to competitive coarsening of interfacial structures, corresponding to different wave numbers, as strain is relieved. We suggest ways to experimentally measure this coarsening.
Bending instability in electrospinning of nanofibers

A localized approximation was developed to calculate the bending electric force acting on an electrified polymer jet, which is a key element of the electrospinning process for manufacturing of nanofibers. Using this force, a far reaching analogy between the electrically driven bending instability and the aerodynamically driven instability was established. Continuous, quasi-one-dimensional, partial differential equations were derived and used to predict the growth rate of small electrically driven bending perturbations of a liquid column. A discretized form of these equations, that accounts for solvent evaporation and polymer solidification, was used to calculate the jet paths during the course of nonlinear bending instability leading to formation of large loops and resulting in nanofibers. The results of the calculations are compared to the experimental data acquired in the present work. Agreement of theory and experiment is discussed.
Profitability and Liquidity. Do they move together

While studying the basics of financial management students are often taught that liquidity and profitability both very important for business in terms of Survival and growth don't often go hand in hand with each other. In almost all theories there exist an inverse relationship between liquidity and profitability primarily due to the Limited nature of financial resources. Most often firms have to decide on using the available funds for short term purposes to meet the liquidity needs or to finance the long term necessities of making profit and growing in the long term. The main objective of the study is to analyse what kind of relationship exist between liquidity and profitability with specific concentration on Indian industry. In the study we have considered random companies from the Pharmaceutical sector that are part of the Pharmaceutical sectoral index of the NSE. We have used selective ratios to represent profitability and liquidity and used correlation analysis to identify what kind of relationship exist between them.
World Energy Outlook 2013

A new global energy landscape is emerging, resetting long-held expectations for our energy future. Incorporating these recent developments and world-class analysis, World Energy Outlook 2013 presents a full update of energy projections through to 2035 and insights into what they mean for energy security, climate change, economic development and universal access to modern energy services. Oil, coal, natural gas, renewables and nuclear power are all covered, along with an update on developments in subsidies to fossil fuels and renewable energy. This year World Energy Outlook also gives a special focus to topical energy sector issues: -Redrawing the energy-climate map: the short-term measures that could keep the 2°C target within reach, and the extent to which low-carbon development could leave fossil-fuel investments stranded. Special report to be released 10 June. -Energy in Brazil: how a vast and diverse resource base – from renewables to new offshore discoveries – can meet the growing needs of the Brazilian economy and open up new export markets. -Oil supply, demand and trade: a fresh look at the economics and decline rates of different types of oil production around the world, the prospects for light tight oil inside and outside North America, along with new analysis of oil products and the refining sector. -The implications for economic competitiveness of the changing energy map: what the major disparities in regional energy prices might mean for major energy-intensive industries and the broader impact on economic growth and household purchasing power. -The global spread of unconventional gas supply, including the uptake of the IEA “Golden Rules” to address public concerns about the associated environmental and social impacts. -Energy trends in Southeast Asia, a region that is exerting a growing influence in the global energy system. Special report to be released 23 September. The World Energy Outlook is recognised as the most authoritative source of strategic analysis of global energy markets. It is regularly used as input to the development of government policies and business strategies and raises public awareness of the key energy and environmental challenges the world is facing.
Clock skew reduction in ASIC logic design: a methodology for clock tree management

This paper presents a methodology for the automatic generation of clock trees in an ASIC design at the gate level. New algorithms and heuristics are described: they have been inserted with success in an industrial ASIC design flow, after the logic synthesis and optimization step. Our algorithms, by different heuristic methods, particularly take into account those elements connected as transmitter-receiver couples which represent the most critical configurations for circuit synchronization. Improvement of clock tree performance has also been obtained by means of an interaction strategy between logic and physical design phases. Such a strategy drives the placement of the clock tree elements in an equidistant way, in order to obtain a controlled routing.
Amoebal Coculture of “Mycobacterium massiliense” sp. nov. from the Sputum of a Patient with Hemoptoic Pneumonia

ABSTRACT A nonphotochromogenic, rapidly growing Mycobacterium strain was isolated in pure culture from the sputum and the bronchoalveolar fluid of a patient with hemoptoic pneumonia by using axenic media and an amoebal coculture system. Both isolates grew in less than 7 days at 24 to 37°C with an optimal growth temperature of 30°C. The isolates exhibited biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles overlapping those of Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium chelonae, and Mycobacterium immunogenum, indicating that they belonged to M. chelonae-M. abscessus group. They differed from M. abscessus in β-galactosidase, β-N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, and β-glucuronidase activities and by the lack of nitrate reductase and indole production activities, as well as in their in vitro susceptibilities to minocycline and doxycycline. These isolates and M. abscessus differed from M. chelonae and M. immunogenum by exhibiting gelatinase and tryptophane desaminase activities. Their 16S rRNA genes had complete sequence identity with that of M. abscessus and >99.6% similarity with those of M. chelonae and M. immunogenum. Further molecular investigations showed that partial hsp65 and sodA gene sequences differed from that of M. abscessus by five and three positions over 441 bp, respectively. Partial rpoB and recA gene sequence analyses showed 96 and 98% similarities with M. abscessus, respectively. Similarly, 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer sequence of the isolates differed from that of M. abscessus by a A→G substitution at position 60 and a C insertion at position 102. Phenotypic and genotypic features of these two isolates indicated that they were representative of a new mycobacterial species within the M. chelonae-M. abscessus group. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that these isolates were perhaps recently derived from M. abscessus. We propose the name of “Mycobacterium massiliense” for this new species. The type strain has been deposited in the Collection Institut Pasteur as CIP 108297T and in Culture Collection of the University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden, as CCUG 48898T.
Resolving the role of prenatal sex steroids in the development of digit ratio

Prenatal sex steroids [i.e., prenatal testosterone (PT), prenatal estrogen (PE)] are often implicated in the etiology of behaviors and diseases. They show sex differences (higher concentrations of PT to PE in males), with PT peaking at the end of the first trimester, and cause permanent “organizational” changes in the brain and other organ systems. It has been suggested that relative levels of PT and PE may have differential effects on fertility, speed, strength, aggression, autism, many cancers, and heart disease. However, PT and PE are difficult to assess, and this has prevented the establishment of convincing links. The relative lengths of the second and fourth digits [digit ratio (2D:4D)] is thought to correlate negatively with PT and positively with PE, thus affording us the possibility of establishing such links. Although associations between 2D:4D and many sexually dimorphic traits have been investigated, the developmental link between 2D:4D and PT and PE has remained controversial until now. In PNAS, Zheng and Cohn (1) present an elegant and powerful experimental examination of the influence of PT and PE on the development of 2D:4D in the mouse. To appreciate the relevance of their findings, it is necessary to consider them in the context of the recent history of 2D:4D research.
An Angularly Stable Dual-Band FSS With Closely Spaced Resonances Using Miniaturized Unit Cell

A novel miniaturized-element dual-band frequency selective surface (FSS) with closely spaced resonance is presented in this letter. The proposed FSS comprises of meander lines printed on a single-layer dielectric substrate to provide dual stopband characteristic. Compared to previously published spatial filters, the proposed FSS has better miniaturization characteristic having the unit-cell size of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.065\lambda _{0} \times 0.065\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> corresponds to free space wavelength of the lower resonance frequency. In addition, the operating bands are closely located exhibiting the frequency ratio as low as 1.29. The surface current distribution and the equivalent circuit model are illustrated to explain the resonance behavior of the designed FSS. Furthermore, the proposed structure is polarization-independent and angularly stable for both TE and TM polarizations. A prototype of the dual-band FSS is fabricated and measured, which validates the simulated responses under normal and oblique incidence.