Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Provision or Good Genes? Menstrual Cycle Shifts in Women's Preferences for Short-Term and Long-Term Mates' Altruistic Behavior

Men's altruism may have evolved, via female choice, as a signal of either their genetic quality or their willingness to allocate resources to offspring. The possibility that men display altruism to signal their genetic quality may be tested by examining women's preference for men's altruism across the stages of the menstrual cycle. Because women can maximize reproductive benefits by mating with men who have “good genes” on high-fertility versus low-fertility days, women should show a heightened preference for male altruism on high-fertility days compared to low-fertility days, and this heightened preference should be more apparent when women evaluate men for short-term sexual relationships than for long-term committed relationships. The possibility that men display altruism to signal their willingness to provision, as opposed to their genetic quality, may be tested by examining women's preference for men's altruism toward different recipients. More specifically, altruistic behavior toward family members may reflect a willingness to provide resources for kin and, hence, willingness to provision, whereas altruistic behavior toward strangers may function as an honest signal of genetic quality. In two samples of young women (TVs = 131 and 481), we found no differences between high- and low-fertility participants in preference for men's altruism, and women preferred men's altruism more in long-term than short-term relationships. The findings suggest that men's altruistic behavior functions as a signal of willingness to provide resources rather than genetic quality.
Survey of Customers' Conceptions of Security and Trust in E-Payment System

In this study, we examine issues related to e-payment security from the viewpoint of customers. This study proposes a conceptual model that delineates the determinants of consumers' observed security and observed trust, as well as the effects of observed security and observed trust on the use of e-payment systems. To test the model, structural equation modeling is employed to analyze data collected from 219 respondents in Iran. This research provides a theoretical foundation for academics and also practical guidelines for service providers in dealing with the security characteristic of e-payment systems.
The Influence of Human Resource Development on Systemic Practices, Utility, and Organizational Results among Contracting Professionals

This study examined the influence of human resources development on systemic practices, utility, and organizational results among contracting professionals within the public and private sectors. The study used a quantitative, correlational research design to answer the research questions, which asked whether or not statistically significant correlations were observed between human resources development and systemic practices, utility, and organizational results in the public and private sectors. A purposive sample was drawn from the membership of the National Contract Management Association to obtain the data necessary to answer the research questions. Once data was collected, it was reviewed for missing values and outliers. Then, the data was coded and imported into SPSS version 22.0 for Macintosh for data analysis. The data was first analyzed descriptively to identify similarities and differences between public and private sector contracting professionals. Additionally, the data was arranged by construct and analyzed for correlations between HRD and systemic practices, utility, and organizational results. The study was grounded in two theories – Kirkpatrick’s hierarchy and contingency theory. The data were evaluated against each of these theories.
[Effects of simultaneous transplant of foetal mesencephalic cells in the striatum and the subthalamic nucleus of hemiparkinsonian rats].

INTRODUCTION The main strategy followed in neural transplants as a method of treatment for Parkinson s disease, both experimental and clinical, has been to introduce foetal mesencephalic cells into the target area: the striatum. However, when the dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra degenerate, not only is the dopaminergic innervation of the striatum affected but also other nuclei: globus pallidus, substantia nigra, substantia nigra pars reticulata and subthalamic nucleus. A series of data from pharmacological and physiological studies offer strong evidence that the dopamine released in these nuclei may play an important role in regulating the output nuclei of the basal ganglia. AIM To evaluate the effect of transplanting foetal mesencephalic cells on the behaviour of 6 OH DA rats when introduced into the striatum and the subthalamic nucleus. MATERIALS AND METHODS 6 OH DA was used to induce lesions in the substantia nigra of rats, which were divided into several experimental groups. The rotating activity induced by D amphetamine (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and apomorphine (0.05 mg/kg, subcutaneously) was evaluated before and three months after the transplant in all the experimental groups, except in the control group of healthy rats. The hemiparkinsonian rats received a total of 350,000 foetal ventral mesencephalic cells, which were implanted within small deposits in the striatum (8) and in the subthalamic nucleus (4). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Rotation induced by both drugs was significantly lower (p= 0.05) in animals that had had dopaminergic cells transplanted into the striatum body. No significant improvement in this behaviour was to be found when transplants were limited to just the subthalamus or, simultaneously, also to the striatum. A significant increase in rotating behaviour induced by apomorphine was observed in the group which received a transplant in just the subthalamus.
Clinical impact of Candida spp. biofilm production in a cohort of patients with candidemia

Persistent candidemia refers to the continued isolation of the same Candida species in the blood of a candidemic patient despite appropriate therapy. Despite the clinical importance of persistent candidemia, studies have superficially addressed the biological conditions behind this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the biofilm-forming ability by Candida bloodstream isolates and the persistence of infection. A total of 55 isolates of Candida were tested and characterized in two groups: (i) group I, which included seven patients with persistent candidemia, and (ii) group II, which included 18 patients with nonpersistent candidemia. Microorganisms were identified at the species level by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Biofilm quantification was evaluated by the crystal violet staining method and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Molecular tests confirmed the identification of Candida albicans (92% group I and 94% group II) and Candida dubliniensis isolates (8% group I and 6% group II). All 55 isolates were able to form biofilms, but a higher biofilm mass was produced by C. albicans/C. dubliniensis strains cultured from the persistent group (P < .05). Our data suggest that Candida sp. biofilm production should be considered a relevant biologic variable in explaining patients who fail to clear a bloodstream infection despite adequate antifungal treatment with triazoles.
Identification of nuclear structural protein alterations associated with seminomas

Currently, there are no specific markers available for the early detection and for monitoring testicular cancer. Based upon an approach that targets nuclear structure, we have identified a set of proteins that are specific for seminomas, which may then have clinical utility for the disease. Utilizing samples obtained from men with no evidence of testicular cancer (n = 5) as well as those with seminomas (n = 6), nuclear matrix proteins were extracted and separated using a high‐resolution two‐dimensional electrophoresis gel system. The proteins were identified by mass spectrometry analysis. These analyses revealed seven nuclear matrix proteins associated with the normal testes, which did not appear in the seminomas. In the seminomas, four nuclear matrix proteins were identified to be associated with the disease that were absent in the normal testes. Mass spectrometric and immunoblot analyses of these proteins revealed that one of the proteins identified in the normal testes appears to be StAR‐related lipid transfer protein 7 (StARD7). In the non‐seminoma tissues, one of the identified proteins appears to be cell division protein kinase 10 (CDK10). Both StarD7 and CDK10 could potentially be involved in cell differentiation and growth, and thus may serve as potential targets for therapy of prognostication of seminomas. This is the first study to examine the role of nuclear structural proteins as potential biomarkers in testicular cancer. We are currently examining the roles of some of the identified proteins as potential biomarkers for the disease. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 1274–1279, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pen ch 13 allergen induces secretion of mediators and degradation of occludin protein of human lung epithelial cells

Background: Alkaline serine proteases from six prevalent airborne Penicillium and Aspergillus species have been identified as a group of major allergens (group 13). After entering human airways, the allergens are in initial contacts with respiratory epithelial cells. The purpose of this study is to investigate interactions between the Pen ch 13 allergen from P. chrysogenum and human lung epithelial cells.
Some New Luminance-Gradient Effects

Three compelling luminance-gradient effects are described. The first effect concerns a brightness enhancement and a luminous mist spreading out from a central area having the same luminance as the white background and surrounded by four rectangular inducers shaded with a linear luminance gradient. The second effect is perceived with a photographically reversed configuration, and concerns what may be considered a brightness reduction or the enhancement of a darkness quality of a target area of the visual scene. The third effect concerns the perception of a self-luminous disk inside a somewhat foggy medium. The effects are worthy of further examination because they challenge current theories of luminosity perception and brightness perception in general.
Cooperative Beamforming for Physical-Layer Security in Power-Constrained Wireless Sensor Networks with Partial Relay Selection

We investigate the physical-layer security of a wireless sensor network comprised of a source-destination pair, multiple decode-and-forward (DF) relays, and an eavesdropper. When the relays forward the source signal to the destination, they should dissipate certain power for driving their physical circuits (e.g., amplifiers and filters), in addition to the transmit power required for emitting radio signals. However, no existing work considers the circuit power when exploiting relays for enhancing the wireless security against eavesdropping. We thus propose the relay-selection based cooperative beamforming framework, where partial relays are selected to forward the source signal in a beamforming manner. We present two relay-selection strategies, namely, the exponential-complexity exhaustive search and linear-complexity relay ordering. For comparison purposes, we also evaluate the conventional all-relay based and best-relay based beamforming schemes, where all relays or only the best one is selected to assist the source-destination transmission. It is shown that the proposed beamforming schemes significantly outperform the conventional all-relay and best-relay based beamforming schemes in terms of secrecy capacity. Additionally, the relay-ordering based beamforming scheme almost achieves the same secrecy capacity as the exhaustive-search method, but with a reduced computational complexity.
Understanding Consumer Online Shopping Attitudes and Behavior: Contribution from Technology, Tradition and Trust Perspective.

This research paper tries to represent the understanding about the consumers’ awareness and perception towards on line shopping in the area of Ahmadabad. In the 21st century the life of consumers becomes hard and fast, they found lack of time. At the same time growth of information technology and availability of internet help the Indian consumer a lot now a day. The main objective of this paper is to study factors which motivate people to go for online buying and which factors stop them to do so. Reasons especially relating to security, lack of time and expenditures etc impact over consumer decision making. The gender difference is also considered for analyzing the perception for online buying preference. To attain this objective, a questionnaire was sent out to our respondents by e-mail as well as we fill it by face to face meeting with respondents. The data was then submitted to multivariate statistical analysis. The main results of this research demonstrate people prefer to get information from the internet and they would like to go at a store physically. Our Indian cultures and rituals also affect the consumer preference.
The role of B7 co‐stimulation in activation and differentiation ofCD4+and CD8+T cells

Summary: The functional significance of B7 co‐stimulation in T‐cell activation was described first in the context of preventing the induction of anergy. The functions of this pathway are far more complex than initially appreciated in view of the existence of two B7 molecules which have specificities for both CD28 and CTLA‐4, which serve to amplify and terminate T‐cell responses respectively Mice lacking B7 co‐stimulators and CD28 and CTLA‐4 co‐stimulatory receptors are helping to clarify the functions of this key immunoregulatory pathway. In this review we will focus on the role of B7 co‐stimulation in the activation and differentiation of CD4+ helper cells and CD8+ cytotoxic cells. The contribution of B7 co‐stimulation to CD+ responses depends upon the activation history of the T‐cell and the strength of the T‐cell antigen receptor signal. B7 co‐stimulation contributes to in Cerleukin (IL)‐2 production by both naive and previously activated CD4+ T cells. B7 co‐stimulation is most critical for the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to IL‐4 producers, but predominately influences IL‐2 production by previously activated CD4+ cells. B7 co‐stimulation is important in development of cytotoxic T cells through both effects on T‐helper cells and by direct co‐stimulation of CDS+ cells.
Late bidding and the auction price: evidence from eBay

Purpose – The purpose of this study is two‐fold. First, this study aims to examine how late bidding may have an effect on the auction price. Second, this study seeks to investigate how this effect can be moderated by different types of auctions.Design/methodology/approach – Data on computer CPUs were collected at eBay. A multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the effect of late bidding on price.Findings – Empirical results indicate that late bidding decreases the auction price and the result is robust. This study, however, does not find support for the moderating role of the auction type (IPV vs APV) on the effect of late bidding on price.Research limitations/implications – This paper selects an extremely competitive market with many sellers and bidders. Future research may expand this study by examining late bidding under different combinations of market structures (competitive vs less competitive) and auction models (IPV vs APV vs CV). Originality/value – This paper is the first study that.
Economic Impacts of China's Accession to the World Trade Organization

Ianchovichina and Martin present estimates of the impact of accession by China and Chinese Taipei to the World Trade Organization. China is estimated to be the biggest beneficiary, followed by Chinese Taipei and their major trading partners. Accession will boost the labor-intensive manufacturing sectors in China, especially the textiles and apparel sector that will benefit directly from the removal of quotas on textiles and apparel exports to North America and Western Europe. Consequently, developing economies competing with China in third markets may suffer relatively small losses. China has already benefited from the reforms undertaken between 1995 and 2001 (US$31 billion) and trade reforms after accession will lead to additional gains of around $US10 billion. Accession will have important distributional consequences for China, with wages of skilled workers and unskilled nonfarm workers rising in real terms and relative to farm incomes. Reduction in agricultural protection may hurt some farmers. Possible policy changes considered to offset these impacts include reductions in barriers to labor mobility and improvements in rural education. The authors estimate that the removal of the hukou system would raise farm wages and allow 28 million workers to migrate to nonfarm jobs. If, in addition, there is an increase in education spending that results in a percentage point increase in the annual skilled labor growth rate, approximately 32 million farm workers would leave their job for jobs in the nonfarm sectors. These policies would not only facilitate the evolution of China's economy toward high-technology manufacturing and services, they have the potential to much more than offset any negative impacts of accession on rural wages and rural incomes generally.
Influence Diagram As a Support Tool for Clinical Decisions In Cardiopulmonary And Metabolic Rehabilitation

An influence diagram (ID) is a method of graphical representation of uncertain knowledge, which can be employed to support decisions in health care using probabilistic reasoning. We aimed to describe the development of an ID to support the decision-making process in phase II at Cardiopulmonary and Metabolic Rehabilitation Program (CPMR). The development of the ID was carried out through the identification of relevant variables and their possible values, as well as the identification of details of each variable, in order to find a network structure that appropriately connects the nodes that represent the variables, with arcs linking acyclic graphs, and to build the graph using specialized knowledge and the conditional probability table for each node in the graph. In spite of the complexity of the interactions, the model obtained with the ID seems to contribute in the decision-making process in phase II CPMR, providing a second opinion to the health pratictioner and helping in diagnostic, therapeutic and decision-making processes, since it is useful in situations with non-linear modeling or with absent or uncertain information.
A layered approach for fault tolerant NoC-based MPSoCs — Special session: Dependable MPSoCs

Fault tolerant design has a key role in current nanometric technologies, leading to research on fault mitigation techniques for NoC-based MPSoCs. Most of the state-of-the-art papers present partial solutions to design a fault tolerant MPSoC, i.e., they present fault tolerant mechanisms for either NoCs or processing elements (PEs). The goal of this paper is to propose a comprehensive set of recovery mechanisms, organized in a layered stack, ensuring the correct execution of applications in the presence of transient or permanent faults, for both NoC and PEs. Faults injected into the NoC may induce it to operate in degraded mode or require the search of fault-free paths. In both cases, the communication is reestablished in less than 50 microseconds, using an end-to-end recovery mechanism. Faults injected into the PEs fire a lightweight and fast task relocation protocol, which executes in less than one millisecond.
Liquidity Risk and Credit in the Financial Crisis

The 2007–08 financial crisis was the biggest shock to the banking system since the 1930s, raising fundamental questions about liquidity risk. The global financial system experienced urgent demands for cash from various sources, including counterparties, short-term creditors, and, especially, existing borrowers. Credit fell, with banks hit hardest by liquidity pressures cutting back most sharply. Central bank emergency lending programs probably mitigated the decline. Ongoing efforts to regulate bank liquidity may strengthen the financial system and make credit less vulnerable to liquidity shocks.
In vitro exposure: Linear and non‐linear thermodynamic events in Petri dishes

We conducted an electromagnetic‐thermal analysis of Petri dishes filled with different medium volumes under different radio frequency exposure conditions with the aim of identifying linear and non‐linear parameters that might explain contradictory results of many in vitro bioelectromagnetic experiments. We found that power loss density and temperature depend on shape, size, and orientation of the exposed sample with respect to direction of incident energy, showing that the liquid medium acts as a receiving antenna. In addition, we investigated the possibility of convection from thermodynamic principles within the liquid medium. For a 35 mm diameter Petri dish, a 2 or 4 ml medium volume is too small to support vertical convection. Conversely, horizontal convective motion is possible for H‐polarization exposures at 1.8 GHz. Bioelectromagnetics. 36:527–537, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Impact of Leased and Rented Assets on Industry Productivity Measurement

Leasing is an important means of gaining access to assets, of obtaining finance, and of reducing a lessee? s exposure to the risks inherent to asset ownership. A lease can be either a financial lease (capital lease) or an operating lease (capital rental). A financial lease is one where the legal owner of an asset (lessor) passes the economic ownership to the user of the asset (lessee), who then accepts the operating risks and receives the economic benefits from using the asset in a productive activity. Under an operating lease, the lessor is both the legal owner and the economic owner of the asset leased (rented), bearing the operating risks and receiving the economic benefits from the asset. The lessor transfers only the right to use the asset to the lessee. Leasing offers firms the possibility to acquire the right to use capital assets under terms that differ from those prevailing through other financial instruments. The recording of leased assets in the Canadian System of National Accounts is ownership-based rather than user-based. The separation of capital ownership, in particular legal ownership, from the use of capital assets poses challenges to productivity measurement. To obtain consistent productivity measures at an industry level, leased and rented capital assets must be reallocated from owners? accounts to users? accounts. By using the General Index of Financial Information (GIFI) corporate balance sheets and detailed input-output tables, this paper tests the robustness of existing practices of data collection on leased and rented capital.
China'S Hog Production Structure And Efficiency

Over the last 20 years, China's demand for and supply of livestock products has increased dramatically. Although, China's livestock production has changed, with the share of pork production declining, pork production remains the core of the country's livestock industry. China's hog industry is adjusting to capture the benefits of specialization. This paper attempts to capture structural changes in China's hog production, its evolving trends, and economic efficiency. We estimate parametrically the overall efficiency and scale elasticity of 2500 surveyed hog farms in China. Our analysis indicates that the large commercialized farms are the most efficient but the middle size specialized farms with increasing returns to scale production technology are the most profitable.