Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Living New World monkeys (Platyrrhini) : with an introduction to Primates

In this long-awaited work, Philip Hershkovitz provides the most thorough and comprehensive treatise ever published on New World monkeys. The volume gives a detailed account of the origin, evolution, dispersal, and behavior of platyrrhines and a systematic arrangement of all known forms, living and extinct. During an eleven-year period, Hershkovitz examined more than 3,100 museum-preserved specimens and relevant primate fossils and observed hundreds of animals in captivity and thousands in the wild state. He presents his results in an elegant and encyclopedic text, lavishly illustrated with 520 figures and 7 color plates. Hershkovitz opens the study with a brief history and a definition, characterization, and comparison of primates as a taxonomic unit. Basing his work on nearly all known genera of living primates, the author deals with New World monkeys from comparative anatomical and evolutionary points of view. He examines display characters, pelage, the evolution of color patterns, primate locomotion, cranial and dental morphology, and the central nervous system. The final and most extensive part of the volume is devoted to the taxonomy and biology of the family Callitrichidae, comprising marmosets and tamarins, and the family Callimiconidae, represented by the callimico alone. Hershkovitz concludes with an exhaustive bibliography of more than 2,500 published works and a gazetteer of essential geographic data.
Adding insult to rivalry: Exploring the discord communicated between rivals

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to extend current knowledge regarding rivalry communication among sport consumers to better understand how rivals behave with one another when they communicate.Design/methodology/approachThis national survey of US sport consumers used a novel approach to explore whether and with whom rivals discuss National Football League (NFL) game outcomes. The survey captured both uniplex and multiplex data by asking respondents to name rival discussants with whom they had recently interacted, and the fan behaviors they exchanged with those named rival discussants.FindingsThrough use of this novel data collection approach, new findings were uncovered related to blasting, glory out of reflective failure, schadenfreude and the influence of team identification on the exchange of rivalry fan behaviors. The results of the uniplex and multiplex data analyses uniquely showcase the ways in which social identity theory combines with team identification to enact rivalry behavior.Originality/valueThis research is the first to precisely dichotomize the psychological antecedents from the communicated behavior between rival fans. Results reveal the precise ways in which team identification influences discordant communication between rival fans, which differs from past research in an interesting new way.
Soil carbon sequestration during the establishment phase of Miscanthus × giganteus: a regional‐scale study on commercial farms using 13C natural abundance

The use of biomass for energy production is considered a promising way to reduce net carbon emissions and mitigate climate change. However, land‐use change to bioenergy crops can result in carbon emissions from soil and vegetation in amounts that could take decades to compensate. Perennial grasses such as Miscanthus offer a possible solution to this problem as measurements on experimental plots planted with Miscanthus have shown significant carbon sequestration in the soil. It can, however, be expected that sequestration potentials in commercial use might differ from those measured in experimental plots due to different farming practices and soil characteristics. For this study, Miscanthus plantations on 16 farms in SE Ireland as well as on‐farm controls representing the former land‐use (grassland and tillage) have been examined. The Miscanthus plantations were 2–3 years old. Soil organic carbon (SOC) content and a number of soil properties were measured and the amount of Miscanthus‐derived carbon was determined using the 13C natural abundance method. On both former tillage fields and grasslands, although there were no significant differences in SOC contents between Miscanthus and control sites, it was shown that 2–3 years after Miscanthus establishment, 1.82 ± 1.69 and 2.17 ± 1.73 Mg ha−1 of the SOC under former‐tilled and former grassland respectively were Miscanthus‐derived. Mixed‐effects models were used to link the total SOC concentrations and Miscanthus‐derived carbon to the land‐use parameters as well as to soil properties. It was shown that on control sites, pH had an effect on total SOC. In the case of Miscanthus‐derived carbon, the initial SOC content, pH, former land‐use and crop age had significant effects.
Influence of breed, year season and lactation stage on the buffalo milk mineral content

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the milk mineral composition of buffalo raised in Corrientes, Argentina, as well as to investigate variations attributed to breed, lactation period and time of the year. Milk samples (n = 105) were collected from 25 Murrah, Mediterranean, Jafarabadi and half-breed Murrah x Mediterranean buffaloes of second and fifth lactation. Animals were located in a dairy farm area with subtropical wet climate with 1.690 mm annual rains and annual mean temperature of 22°C. Mean records were: Ca (1.12 ± 0.40 g.kg-1), P (0.99 ± 0.32 g.kg-1), Mg (0.08± 0.02 g.kg-1), K (0.92 ± 0.25 g.kg-1), Na (0.35 ± 0.11 g.kg-1), Cu (0.35 ± 0.16 mg.kg-1), Mn (0.27 ± 0.10 mg.kg-1), Zn (4.10 ± 1.40 mg.kg-1) y Fe (1.61 ± 0.61 mg.kg-1). These parameters did not reveal significant differences attributable to breed, except for Mg. The time of the year affected the composition of the minerals, except for the Mg and Zn. The nursing stages affect the Ca, P, K and Cu concentrations. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the mineral content in the milk of buffaloes, it is considerably influenced by regional factors.
Effect of Growth Conditions and Surface Characteristics of Aquatic Bacteria on Their Attachment to Solid Surfaces

Summary: The physico-chemical basis for the effects of nutrient conditions on the attachment of four freshwater isolates, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Enterobacter cloacae, Chromobacterium sp. and Flexibacter sp. , to hydrophobic (PD) and relatively hydrophilic (TCD) polystyrene surfaces was investigated. Different nutrient conditions and growth rates resulted in changes in the physico-chemistry of the bacterial surfaces, measured either by liquid contact angles on lawns of cells or by hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction chromatography of cells, and in different levels of attachment to the substrata. The phenotypic changes in cell surfaces and the levels of attachment were different for each species. Levels of bacterial adhesion differed for the two substrata, indicating different adhesion interactions with PD and TCD surfaces. Treatment of attached cells with chloramphenicol did not cause detachment of any of the bacteria from PD or TCD, whereas periodate and protease treatment removed some attached cells, the degree of detachment depending on the species. The presence of complex organic molecules, in the liquid phase and conditioning the solid surface, influenced the extent of bacterial attachment, the effect depending on the substratum, organic concentration and bacterial species. The results suggest that changes in nutrient conditions in natural aquatic habitats will affect the attachment of individual bacterial species differently, thus influencing the population structure of developing biofilms.
Mesane Kanserinde Radikal Sistektomi Operasyonunun Önemi ve Takip Döneminde Karşılaşılan Komplikasyonlar: Tek Merkez Deneyimi

Amac: Klinigimizde yapilan radikal sistektomi operasyonlarinin onkolojik ve fonksiyonel sonuclarinin degerlendirilmesi. Materyal ve metod: Eylul 2016 ve Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasinda gerceklestirilen 42 sistektomi hastasinin kayitlari retrospektif olarak incelendi. Demografikler, patolojik inceleme sonuclari, diversiyon yontemleri, hospitalizasyon sureleri, ortalama takip suresi ve olusan komplikasyonlar degerlendirildi. Bulgular: Calismamiz yas ortalamasi 65.1±8.8 yil olan 4 kadin ve 38 erkek hasta olmak uzere toplam 42 hastadan olusmaktaydi. Ortalama hastanede yatis sureleri 18.7±8.3 gun ve ortalama takip suresi 10.8±6.1 ay idi. 15 hasta(%35.7) sistektomi oncesi neoadjuvan kemoterapi almisti. Sistektomi materyallerinin patolojik degerlendirmesinde 19 pT1 ve 19 pT2, 6 pT0, 2 pT4 evre saptandi. En sik yapilan diversiyon ileal loop idi. Takip periyodunda 26 (%61.9) hastada degisik derecelerde komplikasyon izlendi. Sonuc: Radikal sistektomi operasyonu morbiditesi yuksek ve bazen mortal olabilen bir cerrahi olmasina ragmen onkolojik sonuclari ile beraber degerlendirildiginde deneyimli merkezlerde basari ile uygulanabilen bir cerrahi prosedurdur.
Breaking dormancy of GF305 peach and Real Fino apricot trees during the evaluation of resistance to sharka (plum pox potyvirus)

In countries like Spain or France, where sharka (plum pox potyvirus) is not as widespread as it is in Greece or Central Europe, experiments to evaluate apricot resistance have to be carried out in controlled conditions using insect-proof greenhouses. One of the most important aspects of such growth conditions is the application of periods of artificially induced dormancy in cold chambers so that tree species from temperate zones can undergo the necessary endodormancy-breaking step. In the experiment described in this paper, GF305 peach and Real Fino apricot seedlings were exposed to artificial periods of cold (7 oC) and darkness lasting 3 to 12 weeks (between 504 and 2016 hours of cold) in order to determine the optimum period for subsequent good vegetative growth. After removal from the cold chamber, the plants were placed in a greenhouse and weekly recordings were made of the percentage of leaf buds sprouted and vegetative growth. The optimal periods were found to be 5 weeks (840 hours of cold) for GF305 and 8 weeks (1344 hours of cold) for Real Fino.
Revisiting agile software development process based on latest software industry trends

Abstract In today’s software development process, we have reached a tipping point in time where being agile is equally important to having, the ability to release quality assured software at our discretion. This has been made possible by following the agile process that we have known since it came into existence in the early 2000s. Agile process provides us a way to streamline our product management, engineering and testing teams to work closely and efficiently in iterative cycles. By following agile processes, we are today able to achieve rapid software development as per our product requirements. Nowadays having competitive advantage is deemed essential for business, as is having the ability to release software products at will. Inf order to achieve this goal agile software development process has improved over the last 2 decades. In this paper we aim to highlight how this agile process function in the present-day software industry.
PRODUTOS NATURAIS DAS ESPONJAS MARINHAS AAPTOS SP., HYMENIACIDON AFF. HELIOPHILA, E DO NUDIBRÂNQUIO DORIS AFF. VERRUCOSA

Herein we describe the isolation of homarine and piridiniumbetaine B from the sponge Aaptos sp. Although homarine has a common occurrence among animals, piridiniumbetaine B was only recently isolated from the marine sponge Agelas dispar. The isolation of piridiniumbetaine B from two taxonomically distant marine sponges corroborate previous assumptions that such betaines should be regarded rather as primary metabolites. We have also isolated (9-[5'-(methylthio)-b-D-xylofuranosyl]adenine (xylosyl-MTA) from the mantle of a nudibranch identified as Doris aff. verrucosa. The occurrence of xylosyl-MTA in the mantle of this animal strongly suggests that it is the same nudibranch species described for the Mediterranean sea. We have been unable to detect any other compound in the mantle extract of D. aff. verrucosa other than xylosil-MTA and sterols. GC-MS analysis of the sterol fraction from the nudibranch and its prey, the sponge Hymeniacidon aff. heliophila, revealed the occurrence of the ubiquitous sterols, cholesterol, brassicasterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholesterol, as the only common metabolites, therefore precluding any assumption concerning the sequestration of secondary metabolites by the nudibranch from H. aff. heliophila.
Investigating optimum refactoring sequence using hill-climbing algorithm

Abstract The surface indication of a deeper problem in the source code is bad smells that required to be removed as soon as possible. Not all smells are harmful, but if ignored, they automatically become faults which will further deteriorate the quality of the software. Therefore, this damage can be prevented with the help of refactoring that changes the internal attributes without affecting its external behavior. Every class of the source code contains numerous types of bad smells; therefore, more than one refactoring technique needs to be applied to clean the code. In this paper, we have tried to figure out the most optimum refactoring sequence that should be applied in a critically affected class of an open-source software (OSS), jTDS, to maximize its maintainability value with minimal effort. The results indicate improvement in maintainability value by 14.06% after the application of refactoring techniques. This study would be beneficial for the software maintenance team as this will encourage them to complete their work with much ease and will make them more efficient.
Physiological maturity in wheat based on kernel water and dry matter.

Estimation of the time of physiological maturity could be beneficial to avoid yield penalties due to lodging, sprouting, hail, and other harvest risks. The aim of our study was to evaluate a simple empirical relationship (model) to determine physiological maturity by simultaneously analyzing the water and dry matter dynamics of wheat kernels. An experiment was conducted in which two cultivars with different kernel mass potential were sown on four dates. Fresh and dry kernel mass from different positions in the spike were measured twice weekly. To validate the regression model, measured and calculated data from different cultivars, growing seasons, and kernel positions were compared. A negative linear relationship between kernel dry matter (relative to final kernel mass) and kernel water concentration was determined. This showed that in wheat, physiological maturity is reached at 37% of kernel water concentration. Validation of the regression model was done using data from field experiments in Argentina and Mexico, and from controlled-conditions experiments reported in the literature. The regression model successfully simulated results from field experiments (r = 0.98; P < 0.001). In addition, data from controlled-conditions experiments showed the same negative linear relationship between relative kernel dry matter and kernel water concentration (slope = -0.4), and the model achieved a good fit for measured data (r = 0.96; P <0.001). This regression model is proposed for use by farmers and crop managers, who can simply measure grain humidity with grain moisture meters.
Long-term effects of dietary supplementation with an essential oil mixture on the growth and laying performance of two layer strains

One thousand two hundred 1-day-old Lohmann LSL white and Lohmann Brown layer chickens were fed diets supplemented with either an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) or an herbal essential oil mixture (EOM) till 58 wk of age to reveal the long-term effects of those additives on growth, performance and wholesome egg quality parameters. The study was arranged in a 2×3 factorial design with two layer strains and three feed additive regimens. Thus, the layer birds of both strains were randomly assigned to the three dietary treatments, i.e., standard basal diet (control), control with AGP (specifically, avilamycin, 10 mg/kg diet) and control with EOM (24 mg/kg diet). The data regarding egg production were recorded between 22 to 58 weeks of age. Neither the dietary treatments nor the bird strain influenced the body weight and mortality of the birds in both the growing and laying period. AGP or EOM supplementation to the laying hen diet significantly increased the egg production rate and egg weight as compared to the control diet alone, but egg mass output, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio were not affected by the dietary treatments. Neither dietary treatment created any statistically significantly differences in egg quality parameters. The research findings have confirmed the beneficial effects of supplementation with feed-grade EOM on the laying rate and egg weight of both white and brown layers. Indeed, EOM, being a novel feed additive natural origin, proved to be as efficacious as AGP in promoting egg yield.
Applications of single‐cell sequencing for the field of otolaryngology: A contemporary review

Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐Seq) is a new technique used to interrogate the transcriptome of individual cells within native tissues that have already resulted in key discoveries in auditory basic science research. Rapid advances in scRNA‐Seq make it likely that it will soon be translated into clinical medicine. The goal of this review is to inspire the use of scRNA‐Seq in otolaryngology by giving examples of how it can be applied to patient samples and how this information can be used clinically.
Observational and Modeling Evidence of Seasonal Trends in Sediment‐Derived Material Inputs to the Chukchi Sea

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 125(5), (2020): e2019JC016007, doi:10.1029/2019JC016007.
Detection in soil of aerobic hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria related to Alcaligenes eutrophus by PCR and hybridization assays targeting the gene of the membrane-bound (NiFe) hydrogenase

The presence and abundance of the aerobic, chemolithoautotrophic Alcaligenes eutrophus, and related hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria, in soil samples were determined by using a hydrogenase gene probe and two different PCR primer sets that were derived from the alignment of (NiFe) hydrogenase gene sequences available in the EMBL data bank. The specificity of both the gene probe and the primer sets was tested on the genomic DNAs of 19 hydrogenase-containing, or hydrogenase-lacking, bacteria. The hydrogenase gene probe detected hydrogenase-containing Knallgas bacteria, N2-fixing bacteria, and enterobacteria, belonging to the alpha, beta, and gamma subclasses of the Proteobacteria. Hydrogenase-containing sulfate reducers (delta subclass) were not detected. One primer set was degenerated and resulted in the amplification of gene fragments of Knallgas bacteria and N2-fixing bacteria. The other primer set was specifically designed for the gene of the small subunit of the membrane-bound hydrogenase of A. eutrophus. In addition to the target organism, only Variovorax (Alcaligenes) paradoxus gave a gene product of the expected length. A. eutrophus-related bacteria were detected in soil by using two different strategies. The first strategy required cultivation and isolation of soil bacteria on complex media. Colonies were isolated from six different soils and tested by colony hybridization with the hydrogenase gene probe. Fifteen of the positive colonies were chosen for further characterization with the PCR primers. Two of the isolates gave amplification products with the A. eutrophus-specific PCR primers, which were sequenced and found to be 89–90% identical on a nucleotide level to the hydrogenase gene of A. eutrophus H16. The second strategy avoided a cultivation step. Total DNA was isolated from the rhizosphere of rice plants and tested in PCR amplification experiments with the A. eutrophus-specific PCR primers. Two different types of hydrogenase fragments were cloned and partially sequenced. The gene fragment sequences showed 73 and 75% identity to the A. eutrophus hydrogenase sequence. In quantitative PCR amplification assays, the number (about 2.6×107 g−1 fresh roots) of these two species of hydrogenase-containing bacteria was determined in the rice rhizosphere and was found to be similar to the number (about 7.4×106 g−1 fresh roots) of Knallgas bacteria that were determined by enumeration on selective media. Thus, it was apparently possible to detect and enumerate A. eutrophus-related bacteria in soil samples by molecular techniques.
The Value of Listening and Affective Factors in Managing People in 4.0

In an era where people are bombarded with continuous streams of information, it is now difficult to differentiate which news is true and which one is a hoax, which actually manipulates affective factors to manage people to believe it. This situation brings about two points that are worth paying attention to in dealing with people. First, with the quick spread of abundant information, it is as if people are forced to listen to anything these days and, therefore, lack of being listened to. Second, if affective factors are so easily manipulated for negative purposes, they can surely be cultivated for good purposes also. Therefore, listening and paying attention to affective factors in managing people could be the usual strategy to achieve an unusual result. This paper would give examples of what a teacher can do in a classroom or a manager in a company.
The Rothamsted Long‐Term Experiments: Are They Still of Use?

The Rothamsted long-term experiments-the Classicals-were started almost 150 yr ago. These experiments were originally de signed to study the N, P, K, Na, Mg, and Si needs of the field crops then grown in England. This was done by comparing these inorganic nutrients, in various combinations, with farmyard manure, the traditional source of fertility at that time. Although the questions the experiments were originally designed to answer have long been re-solved, the experiments continue to give results of interest to agron omists, ecologists, soil scientists, plant pathologists, and others. The experiments show that grain yields can be sustained (and even in creased) for almost 150 years in monocultures of wheat and barley given organic or inorganic fertilizer annually. They provide data on the long-term effects of inorganic fertilizers and organic manures on soil organic matter levels. These data have been used to test computer-based models for the turnover of organic matter in soil. Again, long-term N balances show that there are considerable inputs of N to the soil/plant system, amounting to some 30 kg N ha−1 yr−1 in unfertilized wheat and up to 65 kg ha−1 yr−1 in an arable soil reverting to woodland. These and other results are used to consider the advantages and disadvantages of long-term experiments. Wisely used, long-term experimental sites provide information on the long-term sustainability of agricultural systems that can be obtained in no other way.