Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of LSTM Networks for Water Demand Prediction in Optimal Pump Control

Every morning, water suppliers need to define their pump schedules for the next 24 h for drinking water production. Plans must be designed in such a way that drinking water is always available and the amount of unused drinking water pumped into the network is reduced. Therefore, operators must accurately estimate the next day’s water consumption profile. In real-life applications with standard consumption profiles, some expert system or vector autoregressive models are used. Still, in recent years, significant improvements for time series prediction have been achieved through special deep learning algorithms called long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. This paper investigates the applicability of LSTM models for water demand prediction and optimal pump control and compares LSTMs against other methods currently used by water suppliers. It is shown that LSTMs outperform other methods since they can easily integrate additional information like the day of the week or national holidays. Furthermore, the online- and transfer-learning capabilities of the LSTMs are investigated. It is shown that LSTMs only need a couple of days of training data to achieve reasonable results. As the focus of the paper is on the real-world application of LSTMs, data from two different water distribution plants are used for benchmarking. Finally, it is shown that the LSTMs significantly outperform the system currently in operation.
A review on Zeolite-Reinforced Polymeric Membranes: Salient Features and Applications

ABSTRACT Various types of synthetic polymeric membranes have been fabricated for separation purposes in industry/laboratory. Zeolite is ceramic-based material and well known for its antiwear resistance and high mechanical strength. Mixed matrix membranes are the latest membrane technology constituting inorganic nanoparticle phase and organic polymer phase. The review represents various types and applications of zeolite-reinforced polymeric membranes. Consequently, fabrication procedure and working principle of zeolite-reinforced mixed matrix (polyimide, polysulfone, polycarbonate) membranes have been discussed. The significant relevance of polymer/zeolite membranes is in water purification, medical, catalytic, and gas separation industries. Improvement in polymeric membrane properties has been observed through incorporation of zeolite filler. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A study of executive function deficits in the cases with alcohol dependence syndrome

Background: Alcohol dependence is a chronic and progressive condition associated with symptoms such as uncontrollable craving as well as repeated use of alcohol. Many studies point out that, alcohol dependence result in impaired executive functioning such as response inhibition, problems of attention, decision-making, problem solving, abstract reasoning and set shifting. The present study was to find out that the alcohol dependence patients showed deficits on executive functioning in comparison to normal control subjects on Wisconsin card sorting test as well as in Comprehensive Trail-making test. Aim: Present study has been undertaken to compare the executive functioning deficits between the alcohol dependence and normal control. Methodology: Present research is a hospital-based group design with total 60 participants. Out of these 60 participants, 30 participants were of alcohol dependence syndrome taken from RINPAS, Kanke, Ranchi and 30 participants were normal control subjects. Tools: Socio-demographic details have been gathered with the help of socio-demographic data sheet. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) has been used as a screening tool for normal control subjects. Wisconsin card sorting test and Comprehensive Trail-making test have been administered to measure executive functioning of the all the subjects. Result and Conclusion: The present study findings concluded that alcohol dependence patients showed executive functioning deficits in comparison to normal control subjects on Wisconsin card sorting test. Furthermore, in comprehensive Trail-making test patients with alcohol dependent syndrome exhibited more number of trials, less number of correct responses, more mistakes and low conceptual level responses as well high errors when compared with the normal control group.
Effect of molybdenum levels on photosynthetic characteristics, yield and seed quality of two oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars

ABSTRACT Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential element for higher plants. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of different Mo levels on the photosynthetic characteristics, yield and seed quality of two oilseed rape cultivars (ZS11 and L0917) using a pot experiment at four Mo levels [0 (control), 0.15, 0.3 and 1.0 mg kg−1]. Results showed that the dry matter significantly increased with Mo concentration increasing at the stem elongation stage. The net photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) were the highest at the 0.15 mg kg−1 level but reduced at 0.3 and 1.0 mg kg−1 levels. The yield and harvest index were highest at 0.15 and 0.3 mg kg−1 for ZS11 and L0917, respectively. Gray correlation model analysis showed that the synthetic characteristics of seed quality (expressed as gray relation degree) followed the sequence of Mo1.0 > Mo 0 > Mo 0.3 > Mo 0.15 mg kg−1 for L0917 and Mo 1.0 > Mo 0.15 > Mo 0 > Mo 0.3 mg kg−1 for ZS11. Our results demonstrate that the yield of oilseed rape reached a maximum at 0.15 and 0.30 mg kg−1 for ZS11 and L0917, respectively, while the integrated seed quality is optimal at 1.0 mg kg−1 for both cultivars in Mo-deficient soil.
Analysis of narrowband data transfer technologies on the Internet of Things (IoT)

The article provides an overview and comparative analysis of narrowband data transfer technologies on the Internet of Things. For analysis, a method of comparing the parameters of each of the reviewed technologies based on data from domestic and foreign literature, scientific articles and publications was chosen. This comparative analysis helps to identify a more efficient and preferable technology.
Exoskeletal Devices for Hand Assistance and Rehabilitation: A Comprehensive Analysis of State-of-the-Art Technologies

Robots are effective tools for aiding in the restoration of hand function through rehabilitation programs or by providing in-task assistance. To date, a multitude of exoskeletal devices employing distinct technologies have been proposed, making navigating this field a challenging task. To this end, we propose a set of classification criteria to help categorize devices. In this review, a set of 97 publications representing 72 active exoskeletal devices for hand assistance and rehabilitation is analysed. Furthermore, the distribution over the years within each of the criteria is presented. Results show clear trends, such as preferring underactuated devices, electrical transducers with flexible transmission or the more recent uptake of soft technologies. Lastly, the readiness level of hand exoskeleton technology is presented in terms of the whole device and each of the identified sub-classifications. Most of the devices are still in laboratory testing phase, undergoing healthy subject trials or limited clinical trials, with very few having actually reached the market. We hope to provide researchers with a comprehensive analysis of currently employed design choices in hand exoskeletons, highlighting the most developed avenues of research and the latest emerging ones.
Carbohydrate of the Brown Seaweed, Saccharina latissima: A Review

- Saccharina latissima is one of the potential seaweed sources because of its high carbohydrate content. The interest of farming of macroalgae has increased in European countries. Abundant research results have provided data for the biochemical composition of S. latissimi . This paper collects and summarize data on carbohydrate content of S. latissima from scientific articles published all around the world. The content of polysaccharides in S. latissima range from 30 to 50% dw. These polysaccharides include alginate, fucoidan, laminarin and mannitol. Information of the carbohydrate content of S. latissima will be needed for further developments, such as use in biofuel, food or health industries. It may also increase the interest of cultivation of S. latissima . As a result, S. latissima may become an important commodity in aquaculture.
Understanding the Solid State, Solubility and Dissolution Behavior of Cefuroxime Axetil Diastereomers in Interactive Mixture Formulations

iv Dedication . vi Acknowledgement . vii List of Tables . xi List of Figures . xiii List of Abbreviations.xxi Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Background to Solid-State Chemistry of Chiral Drugs.1 1.1.1 Enantiomers, Racemates, and Diastereomers . 1 1.1.2 Molecular Interactions and Solid-State Structures of Chiral Drugs.3 1.1.3 Phase Diagrams of Chiral Drugs.4 1.2 Solubility and Dissolution Studies on Multicomponent Mixtures . 7 1.2. 1 Phase Solubility Analysis . 7 1.2. 2 Dissolution Model for Binary Mixtures of Non-Interacting Components.13 1.2. 3 Dissolution Model for Binary Mixtures of Interacting Components.17 1.3 Background to Dissolution Rate-Limited Oral Bioavailability . 19 1.3. 1 Formulation Strategies for Dissolution Rate Enhancement . 21 1.3. 1.1 Solubility Modification.21 1.3. 1.2 Particle Size Reduction.25 1.3. 1.3 Negating Particle Size Reduction: Agglomeration Problem.27 1.4 Interactive Mixtures for Dissolution Rate Enhancement . 31 1.4. 1 Concept . 31 1.4. 2 Methods of Preparation of Interactive Mixtures . 33 1.4. 3 Mechanism of Dissolution Rate Enhancement of Interactive Mixtures.35 1.4. 4 Factors affecting Dissolution rate Enhancement from Interactive Mixtures.38 1.4. 5 Dissolution Models.45 1.5 Cefuroxime Axetil: Drug Profile.51 ix 1.5. 1 Cefuroxime Axetil (CFA) Diastereomers.51 1.5. 2 Cefuroxime Axetl (CFA) Dissolution Rate-Limitation.54 1.6 Research Objectives.56 Chapter 2: Solid-Liquid Phase Diagram of Cefuroxime Axetil Diastereomers.57 2.
An assimilation of TRIZ in dissecting the statistical outcomes of tactile sensitivity, pinch force and endurance among elderly people

Abstract This study aims to examine tactile sensitivity effects on the pinch force and endurance of elderly people, and propose solutions extending from the statistical outcomes using the theory of inventive problem-solving (TRIZ). Pinch force and endurance time data were collected among 32 subjects aged 55–65 years according to a non-probability sampling method. Each participant received both treatments of increased and decreased tactile sensitivity through an experimental research design. Subjects pinched an experimental apparatus with different tactile sensitivities, and sustained their pinch for as long as possible. The results suggested that a significant difference existed between pinch force from reduced and increased tactile sensitivities, with similar outcomes for endurance. Resolving contradictions from the results led to the partial-action principle, which suggested that elderly people should pinch using less force when they lack the strength to achieve a certain force level, rather than exert a high force in a single attempt. The segmentation and other-way-around principles were also recommended. Su-Field analysis found that harmful effects from pinching can be neutralised using intermediary materials between the fingers and object, such as rubber. The analysis proposed using optical or acoustic fields, where light sensors or buzzers could act as mechanisms to signal users when sufficient force is achieved. These TRIZ-stimulated solutions provide new insights in resolving poor pinch performance caused by degrading tactile sensitivity.
The newsworthiness of the “March for Science” in Germany: comparing news factors in journalistic media and on Twitter

Germany was second in the number of March for Science participants. Applying news value theory, this article analyzes the newsworthiness of the 2018 March for Science in Germany, comparing journalistic (online) reporting on the march (N = 86) and Twitter communication about #marchforscience (N = 591). The results of the content analyses reveal that news factors were more frequent and reached higher intensities in journalistic reporting than on Twitter. Relevance, prominence, personalization, and influence were the news factors most emphasized by journalists. On Twitter, reach was the only news factor correlating with social media engagement (likes, comments, and retweets). Abstract
Electrically Small, Planar, Horizontally Polarized Dual-Band Omnidirectional Antenna and Its Application in a MIMO System

A method of designing a miniature planar dual-band horizontally polarized (HP) omnidirectional antenna is presented. It combines an electrically small (ES) lower band omnidirectional loop antenna with an upper band Alford loop antenna on a single substrate. Its frequency ratio is higher than two. A technique that effectively increases the bandwidth of the Alford loop is developed. To reduce the gain variation in the azimuthal plane, the ES loop is fed by four symmetrical radial strips extended from a circular patch. For demonstration, the ES loop and Alford loop were designed for the 2.4 and 5 GHz Wi-Fi bands for Wi-Fi applications. The antenna prototype has a diameter of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.296\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and a height of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.012\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> only, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the wavelength in air at the lowest operating frequency. It covers the Wi-Fi bands of 2.4–2.5 and 5.1–5.9 GHz, with a high total efficiency of ~90%. Based on the single-element design, a four-element multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is developed for Wi-Fi applications. The MIMO antenna has a size of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.93\times 0.93\times 0.012\lambda _{0}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, with a small gain variation of less than 3.2 dB in the azimuthal plane. The isolations between any two antenna elements are higher than 16 and 24.5 dB for the 2.4 and 5 GHz bands, respectively.
An optimized data fusion strategy for structural damage assessment using electromechanical impedance

This paper proposes a new sensor network optimized data fusion approach for structural health monitoring of metallic structures using electromechanical impedance (EMI) signals. The integrated approach used to fuse common healthy state baseline model based damage detection, quantification and classification in EMI technique. Towards this, the principal component analysis (PCA) is carried out and corresponding the root mean square deviation (RMSD) index is calculated to study the information of piezoelectric transducer’s impedance (|Z|), admittance (|Y|), resistance (R), and conductance (G) in the frequency domain. A new optimized data fusion approach is proposed which was realized at the sensor level using the PCA as well as at the variable level using self-organizing maps (SOMs). The SOM comparative studies are performed using the Q-statistics (Q index) and the Hotelling’s T2 statistic (T index). The proposed methodology is tested and validated for an aluminum plate with multiple drilled holes with variable size and locations. In the process, a centralized data-fused baseline eigenvector is prepared from a healthy structure and the damage responses are projected on this baseline model. The statistical, data-driven damage matrices are calculated and compared with the RMSD index and used in a fusion based data classification using SOM. The proposed method shows robust damage sensitivity for hole locations and hole enlargement irrespective of the wide frequency range selection, and the selected frequency range contains the resonant frequency range.
Lymphstase und Fettgewebshypertrophie – Pathophysiologische Zusammenhänge und therapeutische Optionen

Zusammenfassung Angeborene oder erworbene, iatrogene, traumatische oder postinfektiöse Störungen des Lymphabflusses führen aufgrund der Lymphstase im Laufe der Zeit zu Gewebeveränderungen wie Fibrosierung und vermehrter lokaler Fettgewebebildung. Häufig kommt es hierdurch zu einer extremen Volumenzunahme der betroffenen Extremität, die nicht durch das Lymphödem allein, sondern vor allem durch die massive Fettgewebshypertrophie bedingt ist. Lymphgefäße und Lymphknoten sind immer in Fettgewebe eingebettet. Dieses perilymphatische Fettgewebe ist essenziell für die lymphatische wie auch immunologische Funktion des Lymphsystems, da das Lymphsystem Fettsäuren als primäre Energiequelle nützt. Kommt es nach Lymphadenektomie und/oder Unterbrechung von Lymphgefäßen zur Lymphstase in der betroffenen Extremität, signalisiert diese einen gesteigerten Energiebedarf für die notwendige Immunantwort und die chronische Inflammation verursacht eine Überstimulation der Fettgewebsproliferation, um ausreichend Energie zur Verfügung stellen zu können. In der Folge kommt es zu weiteren pathophysiologischen Veränderungen, die die Drainagefunktion und damit die Lymphstase weiter verschlechtern. Es hat sich ein Circulus vitiosus aus Lymphstase, Fettgewebsproliferation und Fibrosierung entwickelt. Da die komplexe Entstauungstherapie diesen Zustand allein nicht wesentlich verbessern kann, kommen therapeutisch zusätzliche gewebereduzierende operative Verfahren, in erster Linie die Liposuktion, ggf. in Kombination mit mikrochirurgischen Operationstechniken, zum Einsatz.
FAIR VALUE COST MEASUREMENT PRACTICE . ( 2014 ) Case study

This article investigates some of the sound reasons why the IASB ( IAS/IFRS), FASB (SFAS) have jointly spur up recommendations and application for fair value measurements to assets and liabilities rather than the historical cost measurement principle. The research is focused on using a practical scenario to support the application of fair value accounting measurement. In this research paper, Volvo Trucks was selected as a good example of a segment of VOLVO AB to explain the advantages of fair value measurement. Volvo trucks being a profitable segment of the parent VOLVO AB measures its accounting records using the fair value in all of its active markets. The purpose of my research question is to ascertain the costing technique measurement records in the balance sheet of VOLVO Trucks with the guidance of the International Accounting Standards Boards (IASB) and Financial Accounting Standards
Spatial heterogeneity of redox-sensitive trace metal enrichments in upper Ediacaran anoxic black shales

The Ediacaran radiation of metazoans is widely thought to have been triggered by an increase in atmospheric and oceanic oxygen levels. Although supported by other proxies, rising oxygen levels were deduced to a significant degree from sedimentary enrichments of redox-sensitive trace elements (RSTEs). However, some organic-rich shales of this period show only minor enrichments in RSTEs, leaving the significance of RSTE data for palaeo-oxygenation interpretations in doubt. We measured and compiled proxies for marine redox conditions (Fe species, RSTEs), total organic carbon (TOC) and water mass restriction (Mo/TOC and Co × Mn v. Cd/Mo) in the intra-shelf Jiulongwan and basinal Sandu sections of the Nanhua Basin in South China. Compared with the same proxies from coeval sections in the Nanhua Basin and globally, our results document a strong spatial heterogeneity of RSTE enrichments in anoxic black shales during the late Ediacaran. We infer that RSTE enrichments were strongly influenced by local factors, such as basinal restriction, seawater RSTE concentrations, and differential elemental responses to redox conditions and other influences. The broader significance of our findings is that they highlight the difficulty of investigating global redox conditions based on an analysis of local RSTE proxies within a single depositional basin or a limited number of study sections. Thematic collection: This article is part of the Advances in the Cambrian Explosion collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection. org/cc/advances-cambrian-explosion Supplementary material: Tables S1–S3 are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare. c.5325047
Free space 3D FMCW imaging system: towards consumer application

Different consumer applications using 3D imaging are being introduced in the market. This has been essentially facilitated by the downsizing of semiconductor technologies. Different techniques with more or less advantages are developed with a major lack of efficiency under extreme light conditions. The FMCW 3D imaging technique may be one way to overpass this issue. We present a demonstration of a free space 3D imaging FMCW bench system that is envisioned to be miniaturized for a future integration in portable applications. Our first results show a very good immunity against ambient light. We demonstrate a 3D scene imaging range of 2 meters with only 1𝑚𝑊 optical projected-laser power.
Multi-contrast imaging with computational refocusing in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been widely used for imaging biological sample due to its capability of three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction. Recently, polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT) has been used to investigate polarization properties of samples such as retina and muscle [1,2]. Such extensions provide additional contrasts other than traditional reflected intensity and offer a 3-D multi-functional reconstruction of materials and biological tissue. PS-OCT uses A-scan wise computation to obtain the polarization properties from a set of OCT images. In this computation, the lateral resolution is implicitly assumed as infinitely high. However, the birefringence measurement itself will be affected by the lateral optical resolution, defocus, and aberrations. One simple way to obtain high-resolution birefringent data is to use an objective with higher NA. However, OCT also suffers from the trade-off between the lateral resolution and the depth-of-focus (DOF), which might limit its application in thick samples. There have been various methods to overcome this issue. Hardware solutions such as mechanical depth scanning [3] have been reported, but the additional configurations would increase the complexity of system. On the other hand, computational methods do not require additional hardware set-up and thus can be easily adopted, such as interferometric synthetic aperture microscopy (ISAM) [4] and forward model based computational refocusing [5]. However, to our acknowledgement, there are only few reports of long imaging depth for 3-D birefringence imaging. One presented work combined the ISAM with PS-OCT [6]. But the impact of refocusing on multi-contrast imaging, such as artifact in birefringence measurement, has not been thoroughly investigated. In this paper, we present a DOF extended polarization-sensitive imaging by applying computational refocusing to Jones-matrix based PS-OCT (JM-OCT). Computational refocusing is applied to each of four polarization channels (images) of JM-OCT, and the birefringence and degree-of-polarization-uniformity (DOPU) images are computed from the refocused OCT images. Enhanced lateral resolution away from the focus plane and hence extended DOF are demonstrated through phantom and ex vivo porcine muscle measurements. The ex vivo porcine muscle measurement also suggests that the refocusing may reduce the birefringence artifacts.