Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microsatellite DNA polymorphisms for colony management of long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) population on the Tinjil Island

Perwitasari-Farajallah D, Kyes RC, Iskandar E (2010) Microsatellite DNA polymorphisms for colony management of long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) population on the Tinjil Island. Biodiversitas 11: 55-58. Polymorphic genetic markers are the basic requirement for studies on population and conservation genetics of non-human primates. In this paper, we screened microsatellites for their polymorphism and gene typing of DNA samples from blood of wild long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) from Tinjil Island population. Among the three primer sets tested, two are polymorphic. They were D1S548 and D3S1768. Average observed heterozygosity (A¤) within populations ranged between 0.264-0.555. D1S1768 locus was highly polymorphic and 24 alleles were detected among two loci. Estimation of genetic variability for the Tinjil population (A¤) was 0.485. The results obtained provide furtherinsight into the long-term viability of the population and help in creating genetic management of both captive and natural habitat breeding colonies of primates.Key words: microsatellite, variations, social groups, long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis
Early epidural blood patch in spontaneous intracranial hypotension

Thirty patients with a typical orthostatic headache were treated by early lumbar epidural blood patch (EBP) without previously performing lumbar puncture or identifying a CSF leak and with or without typical MRI changes. A complete cure was obtained in 77% of patients after one (57%) or two (20%) EBPs. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension with typical orthostatic headache can be diagnosed without lumbar puncture and can be cured by early EBP in a majority of patients.
Drinking drivers missed at sobriety checkpoints.

OBJECTIVE Sobriety checkpoints are an effective deterrent to alcohol-impaired driving although a substantial proportion of drinking drivers who pass through checkpoints are missed. The present study was designed to determine the extent to which police officers correctly identify individuals with blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) at or above 0.05% at checkpoints, and if there are characteristics of drivers, vehicles or checkpoints that are associated with decreased chances of detection. METHOD To determine which drivers are likely to be missed, drivers not detained by police for additional sobriety evaluation were interviewed and voluntary breath samples were provided at 156 sobriety checkpoints in North Carolina. RESULTS More than 50% of the drivers with BACs in excess of 0.08% and almost 90% of drivers with BACs in excess of 0.05% were not detained by officers. For drivers with BACs of 0.05% or higher, women and those 35 or younger were more likely to be missed than were men and older drivers. Drivers without passengers were more likely to be missed than those with passengers. Drivers were also more likely to be missed during weekend checkpoints. Similar results were found for drivers with BACs at or above 0.08%. CONCLUSIONS Alerting police officers to characteristics of drinking drivers more likely to be missed may improve detection rates. In addition, passive alcohol sensors could improve the effectiveness and efficiency of sobriety checkpoints in detecting drinking drivers.
The Use of Social Media and Social Media Marketing Tools by the Polish Marshal Offices to Promote Health

The increasing number of people using social media determines the contemporary approach to the means of communication to the information society. The Marshal Offices willing to conduct effective health promotion campaigns are forced to adapt to the changing trends in the modern marketing communication. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine whether the Polish Marshal Offices use the tools of social media marketing activities in the field of health promotion. Material and methods: 14 Marshal Offices in Poland were investigated. Two methods of research were used: CAWI and CATI based on author questionnaire. Data analysis was based on standard statistical methods. Results: 93% of responding offices are involved in activities related to the promotion of health. The main domains are: cancer (30%) and stimulants (28%). In the opinion of employees of the Marshal Offices the most convincing form of communication with patients is direct promotion (46%). Far less important are information posters (12%) or TV spots (10%). 56% of offices do not use social networking sites in the conduct of health campaigns. The other commonly used canals in these operations are Facebook (25%) or YouTube (6%). 50% of offices do not apply the tools of social media marketing. The rest declares active participation in discussions on Internet health forums. Conclusions: It has been postulated to pay more attention to social media and social media marketing tools in health promotion campaigns carried out in order to improve the efficiency of communication with the present information society.
Digoxin in the management of cardiovascular disorders.

“After all, in spite of opinion, prejudice or error, time will fix the real value upon this discovery. ” — Sir William Withering, Birmingham, July 1, 1785 Case 1: A 45-year-old man in sinus rhythm, with an ejection fraction of 20%, normal coronaries, and normal renal function is receiving captopril 50 mg 3 times daily, carvedilol 25 mg and furosemide 40 mg twice daily, and spironolactone 25 mg daily. Despite these therapies, he continues to complain of dyspnea with minimal exertion. There are jugular venous distention, rales, and ankle edema. Oral digoxin, 0.125 mg daily, is added. After 3 weeks of maintenance therapy with digoxin, the patient feels better. Case 2: A 70-year asymptomatic woman in sinus rhythm, with coronary artery disease and ejection fraction of 35% is receiving once a day enalapril 10 mg, metoprolol succinate 200 mg, digoxin 0.125 mg, and furosemide 20 mg. There are no signs of heart failure. Six months after digoxin discontinuation she continues to remain asymptomatic. As far back as the ancient Egyptians, cultures were known to have used medicinal plants containing cardiac glycosides. It was not until 1542 that the German scholar Fuchsius coined the now common term digitalis for the foxglove plant. Since 1785, when Sir William Withering published his textbook1 on the “account of the foxglove,” physicians have used digitalis preparations to treat edematous states, irregular heartbeats, and chronic heart failure (HF). According to Withering, digitalis was believed to slow heart rate in patients with irregular pulse and result in diuresis. Digoxin’s primary mechanism of action is the ability to inhibit membrane-bound alpha subunits of sodium-potassium ATPase (sodium pump), mainly but not exclusively located in the human myocardium. This inhibition promotes sodium-calcium exchange, which increases the intracellular calcium concentration that is available to the contractile proteins, resulting in an increase …
[Update on avian influenza. December 2007].

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Copyright Update on avian influenza. December 2007 Fanny Lanternier, Marc Lecuit, Olivier Lortholary
Background of Independent Directors and Risk Aversion

This study empirically tests the prediction that independent directors with different backgrounds have different risk awareness on listed companies, by using the dataset of resignation of independent directors of China’s listed companies during the years of 2002 and 2005 as targeted samples. We find that independent directors with accounting background are more sensitive to earning management, while independent directors with intermediary agency background are more sensitive to event risk, and independent directors with entity or academic research background are more sensitive to tunneling risk. Our study also finds that the reputation of independent directors has no significant impact on risk aversion, but independent directors with higher education background have stronger risk awareness.
Land use decisions in developing countries and their representation in multi-agent systems

Recent research on land use and land cover change (LUCC) has put more emphasis on the importance of understanding the decision-making of human actors, especially in developing countries. The quest is now for a new generation of LUCC models with a decision-making component. This paper deals with the question of how to realistically represent decision-making in land use models. Two main agent decision architectures are compared. Heuristic agents take sequential decisions following a pre-defined decision tree, while optimizing agents take simultaneous decisions by solving a mathematical programming model. Optimizing behaviour is often discarded as being unrealistic. Yet the paper shows that optimizing agents do have important advantages for empirical land use modelling and that multi-agent systems (MAS) offer an ideal framework for using the strengths of both agent decision architectures. The use of optimization models is advanced with a novel three-stage decision model of investment, production, and consumption to represent uncertainty in models of land use decision-making.
Research in Valuation Decision Making Processes: Educational Insights and Perspectives

Valuation is inherently a human activity and a judgmental process. In the recent past, a body of behavioral research relating to valuer judgment has raised issues on actual valuer problem-solving behaviors and suggests some ways that valuation decision making can be improved. This paper examines the implications from behavioral research and their potential affect on valuation education. It is argued that it is critical that issues of human behavior and the influences of human judgment on valuation decision making be incorporated into valuation education. Valuation educators will, therefore, need to expose students to current trends in valuation practice and employ teaching strategies that will enable the development of skills in critical and analytical reasoning, information search, and decision making.
A C-Ku band, 8 channel T/R module for EW systems

Aim of this contribution is to illustrate Elettronica's recent development in microwave Transmit/Receive Module technology and present the performance of a C-Ku Band, 8 Channel TX/RX Module for Electronic Warfare Systems. The so-called Blade Module is based on custom Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuits fabricated in GaAs and GaN technology, designed to perform RF signal conditioning (phase and amplitude control) and front-end functionality (low noise reception, high power transmission, TX/RX commutation). Each channel can provide more than 30dBm saturated output power and can be directly plugged onto an antenna array.
Current models of support from community pharmacies for patients on oral anticancer medicines

Administration of chemotherapy is moving into the community as more and more therapies to treat cancer are being developed as oral medications. Patients taking these oral medications still require support, as many of these agents can be toxic. This support could be simple side effect management, compliance issues or even reassurance with regards to their diagnosis as examples. Community pharmacies are ideally placed within the community to help these patients. The purpose of this review is to determine what support community pharmacies are currently providing for patients taking oral anticancer medication and if there is a model that can be adopted or adapted to be used elsewhere. Searches were undertaken using two databases, Medline and Embase. Other evidence-based articles were discovered from other sources. The different services currently available from community pharmacies were largely varied. There are some key aspects to each which could be used in the development of a new model. Further research is required to determine the views of the patients, carers and community pharmacy staff.
THE LANGUAGE COMPONENT OF THE FASTY TEXT PREDICTION SYSTEM

ABSTRACT This paper describes the language component of FASTY, a text prediction system designed to improve text input efficiency for disabled users. The FASTY language component is based on state-of-the-art n-gram-based word-level and part-of-speech-level prediction and on a number of innovative modules (morphological analysis, collocation-based prediction, compound prediction) that are meant to enhance performance in languages other than English. Together with its modular architecture, these novel techniques make it adaptable to a wide range of languages without sacrificing performance. Currently, versions for Dutch, German, French, Italian, and Swedish are supported. The system can be parameterized to be used with different user interfaces and for a range of different applications. In this paper, we discuss each of the modules in detail and we present a series of experimental evaluations of the system.
The decline in the incidence of SIDS in Scandinavia and its relation to risk‐intervention campaigns

A prospective case‐control study of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Norway, Denmark and Sweden between September 1,1992 and August 31,1995 comprised 244 cases and 869 matched controls. After the introduction of risk‐intervention campaigns, the SIDS incidence decreased from 2. 3/1000 live births in Norway, 1. 6 in Denmark and 1. 0 in Sweden to 0. 6/1000 or fewer in all the Scandinavian countries in 1995. The decrease paralleled a decline in the prone sleeping position and there was an accompanying parallel fall in total postneonatal mortality in all three countries. Thus, the risk‐reducing campaigns for SIDS have been successful not only in Norway and Denmark, starting from relatively high incidences, but also in Sweden, starting from a low incidence. During the study period, a gradual increase was observed for the effects of prone sleeping, smoking and bottle‐feeding as risk factors for SIDS.
Molecular mechanisms of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in cardiac function and pathophysiology

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS or NOS1) is the major endogenous source of myocardial nitric oxide (NO), which facilitates cardiac relaxation and modulates contraction. In the healthy heart it regulates intracellular Ca2+, signalling pathways and oxidative homeostasis and is upregulated from early phases upon pathogenic insult. nNOS plays pivotal roles in protecting the myocardium from increased oxidative stress, systolic/diastolic dysfunction, adverse structural remodelling and arrhythmias in the failing heart. Here, we show that the downstream target proteins of nNOS and underlying post‐transcriptional modifications are shifted during disease progression from Ca2+‐handling proteins [e.g. PKA‐dependent phospholamban phosphorylation (PLN‐Ser16)] in the healthy heart to cGMP/PKG‐dependent PLN‐Ser16 with acute angiotensin II (Ang II) treatment. In early hypertension, nNOS‐derived NO is involved in increases of cGMP/PKG‐dependent troponin I (TnI‐Ser23/24) and cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMBP‐C‐Ser273). However, nNOS‐derived NO is shown to increase S‐nitrosylation of various Ca2+‐handling proteins in failing myocardium. The spatial compartmentation of nNOS and its translocation for diverse binding partners in the diseased heart or various nNOS splicing variants and regulation in response to pathological stress may be responsible for varied underlying mechanisms and functions. In this review, we endeavour to outline recent advances in knowledge of the molecular mechanisms mediating the functions of nNOS in the myocardium in both normal and diseased hearts. Insights into nNOS gene regulation in various tissues are discussed. Overall, nNOS is an important cardiac protector in the diseased heart. The dynamic localization and various mediating mechanisms of nNOS ensure that it is able to regulate functions effectively in the heart under stress.
The Origin and Pathogenesis of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Proposed Unifying Theory

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Efforts at early detection and new therapeutic approaches to reduce mortality have been largely unsuccessful, because the origin and pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer are poorly understood. Despite numerous studies that have carefully scrutinized the ovaries for precursor lesions, none have been found. This has led to the proposal that ovarian cancer develops de novo. Studies have shown that epithelial ovarian cancer is not a single disease but is composed of a diverse group of tumors that can be classified based on distinctive morphologic and molecular genetic features. One group of tumors, designated type I, is composed of low-grade serous, low-grade endometrioid, clear cell, mucinous and transitional (Brenner) carcinomas. These tumors generally behave in an indolent fashion, are confined to the ovary at presentation and, as a group, are relatively genetically stable. They lack mutations of TP53, but each histologic type exhibits a distinctive molecular genetic profile. Moreover, the carcinomas exhibit a shared lineage with the corresponding benign cystic neoplasm, often through an intermediate (borderline tumor) step, supporting the morphologic continuum of tumor progression. In contrast, another group of tumors, designated type II, is highly aggressive, evolves rapidly and almost always presents in advanced stage. Type II tumors include conventional high-grade serous carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, and malignant mixed mesodermal tumors (carcinosarcoma). They displayTP53 mutations in over 80% of cases and rarely harbor the mutations that are found in the type I tumors. Recent studies have also provided cogent evidence that what have been traditionally thought to be primary ovarian tumors actually originate in other pelvic organs and involve the ovary secondarily. Thus, it has been proposed that serous tumors arise from the implantation of epithelium (benign or malignant) from the fallopian tube. Endometrioid and clear cell tumors have been associated with endometriosis that is regarded as the precursor of these tumors. As it is generally accepted that endometriosis develops from endometrial tissue by retrograde menstruation, it is reasonable to assume that the endometrium is the source of these ovarian neoplasms. Finally, preliminary data suggest that mucinous and transitional (Brenner) tumors arise from transitional-type epithelial nests at the tubal-mesothelial junction by a process of metaplasia. Appreciation of these new concepts will allow for a more rationale approach to screening, treatment, and prevention that potentially can have a significant impact on reducing the mortality of this devastating disease.
Optimal Cycles and Chaos: A Survey

This paper surveys the literature on cyclical and chaotic equilibrium paths in deterministic optimal growth models with infinitely lived agents. We focus on discrete time models but also briefly mention results for continuous time models. We start by reviewing those results that have been proved for optimal growth models in reduced form. Then we discuss results for two-sector optimal growth models in primitive form. Finally, we summarize a few results that have been obtained for other variants of the model, including models with recursive preferences and models with heterogeneous agents.
Electronic Reverse Auction (e-RA) and Supply Chain Management: A Blessing or a Curse

Electronic reverse auction (e-RA), an online and real-time auction between a buying organization and two or more invited suppliers, has recently received substantial attention in supply chains. While a recent survey has found a dramatic increase in firms’ interest and participation in e-RA, it also revealed that a large number of purchasing managers are not willing to use e-RA. With the potential cost savings of up to 20% over the traditional purchasing process, why do so many companies hesitate to participate in e-RA? In this paper, we first present the potential benefits and issues of e-RA from the perspectives of both the buyer and supplier. Through the lens of supply chain management (SCM), we then explore what implications e-RA might have for SCM. In particular, we closely examine the impact of e-RA on strategic purchasing, trust, information sharing, inter-organizational communication, and long-term relationship orientation, five of the most important constructs characterizing the notion of supply chain management. Three mini-cases were provided to offer added support for our arguments.
CAPM и Диверсификация Инвестиционного Портфеля в Условиях Неоднородной Волатильности (CAPM and Diversification of an Investment Portfolio in the Conditions of Non-Uniform Volatility)

The theory of cost of capital (long-term) assets [Sharpe, 1964, Lintner, 1965, Mossin, 1966] based on G. Markovits's model [Markovitz, 1952,1059], for many years forms base for estimated calculations in the investment analysis and corporate finance. But it implicitly means an assumption that the financial market is in a state, rather "habitual" for investors, and is substantially uniform concerning risks of the assets addressing on it. However this theory doesn't assume possibility of sudden emergence in portfolios of investors of the destructive elements significantly differing on the level of risks from other assets and therefore can mislead investors at adoption of investment decisions by them. Under certain conditions the effect of diversification of portfolios of investors can not work that will lead to sharp increase of risks and eventually uncontrollable destabilization of a situation in the market. Without possessing the due level of adaptability to such changes, the basic theory isn't capable in such conditions to give an objective assessment of assets. At the same time, technical progress accelerates processes of redistribution of the capital between the markets and assets and therefore suddenly arising destabilizing factors can play the increasing role that results in need to enter some corrections into basic theoretical constructions.In the article we recognize that when forming an investment portfolio there are two effects influencing its not systematic risk. And if the first of them – diversification – is well studied, – the inequality of specific risk of components of a portfolio – a great interest doesn't cause the second in experts. In article on empirical material and by the theoretical analysis is shown that this effect called by authors "effect of a bug in an ant hill" can significantly affect specific risk of a portfolio, its growth or decrease. The conditions allowing to achieve consistently the maximum effect of diversification of an investment portfolio at the set set of assets are also formulated.
Supplementary Material : The Variational Coupled Gaussian Process Dynamical Model

To simplify the optimization of such terms, we would like to carry out the optimization with respect to the density q(u) analytically, so as to remove the dependency on q(u). To this end, we calculate for the optimal variational q∗(u) in the above equation. This approach was suggested in [1], however, it is not well described there. Here we give an extended derivation. A necessary condition for maximality is a vanishing functional derivative under the constraint that the density q(u) is normalized to one: ∫ q(u)du− 1 = 0 (S2)