Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microbacterium wangchenii sp. nov., isolated from faeces of Tibetan gazelles (Procapra picticaudata) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Two strains of Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, rod-shaped bacteria (designated dk512T and dk508) were isolated from the faeces of Tibetan gazelle (Procapra picticaudata) collected from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, PR China. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the strains showed the highest identity to Microbacterium saccharophilum K-1T (98.0 and 97.9 % similarity, respectively). The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that dk512T and dk508 were members of the genus Microbacterium, and most closely related to strains Microbacterium mitrae M4-8T and Microbacterium hatanonis FCC-01T. The strains grew optimally on brain-heart infusion (BHI) agar with 5.0 % (v/v) sheep blood at 30 °C, pH 7.0 and with 1.0 % (w/v) NaCl. The genome of type strain dk512T was 3.8 Mb with a G+C content of 70.6 mol%. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain dk512T and previously characterized Microbacterium species were <95 and <70 %, respectively. In strain dk512T, the detected primary cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0, the main respiratory quinones were MK-9 (37.9 %) and MK-10 (35.7 %), and the polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and three unidentified glycolipids. The major cell-wall sugars were rhamnose, ribose and galactose. Alanine, glutamic acid, glycine and ornithine were in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. Based on phenotypic data and phylogenetic inference, these two strains represent a novel species of the genus Microbacterium, named here as Microbacterium wangchenii sp. nov, where dk512T is designated the type strain (=CGMCC 1.16590T=JCM 33494T=KCTC 49313T).
The replicability and generalizability of internalizing symptom networks across five samples.

The popularity of network analysis in psychopathology research has increased exponentially in recent years. Yet, little research has examined the replicability of cross-sectional psychopathology network models, and those that have used single items for symptoms rather than multiitem scales. The present study therefore examined the replicability and generalizability of regularized partial correlation networks of internalizing symptoms within and across 5 samples (total N = 2,573) using the Inventory for Depression and Anxiety Symptoms, a factor analytically derived measure of individual internalizing symptoms. As different metrics may yield different conclusions about the replicability of network parameters, we examined both global and specific metrics of similarity between networks. Correlations within and between nonclinical samples suggested considerable global similarities in network structure (rss = .53-.87) and centrality strength (rss = .37-.86), but weaker similarities in network structure (rss = .36-.66) and centrality (rss = .04-.54) between clinical and nonclinical samples. Global strength (i.e., connectivity) did not significantly differ across all 5 networks and few edges (0-5.5%) significantly differed between networks. Specific metrics of similarity indicated that, on average, approximately 80% of edges were consistently estimated within and between all 5 samples. The most central symptom (i.e., dysphoria) was consistent within and across samples, but there were few other matches in centrality rank-order. In sum, there were considerable similarities in network structure, the presence and sign of individual edges, and the most central symptom within and across internalizing symptom networks estimated from nonclinical samples, but global metrics suggested network structure and symptom centrality had weak to moderate generalizability from nonclinical to clinical samples. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
One-Stop MR Neurovascular Vessel Wall Imaging With a 48-Channel Coil System at 3 T

Objective: The purpose of this article was to build a radio frequency (RF) coil system to achieve high vessel wall image quality with coverage extending from the aortic arch to the intracranial vessels. Methods: A 48-channel coil system was built and characterized at a 3 tesla (T) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner (uMR 790, Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China). The coil's performance was compared with a commercially available 36-channel coil system. By human studies, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) units were evaluated and g-factors were calculated in the transverse planes of the brain and neck regions. Results: The SNR was increased by at least 28% in the brain region and up to fourfold in the neck region. The average g-factor with the acceleration factor, R = 3, was lowered by 21% in the transverse plane of the neck region. Intracranial and carotid arterial wall images with an isotropic spatial resolution of 0.63 mm were acquired within 7.7 minutes and thoracic aorta wall images with an isotropic spatial resolution of 1.1 mm were acquired within 2.7 minutes with the 48-channel coil system. The vessel wall can be more clearly visualized with the 48-channel coil system compared with the 36-channel coil system. Conclusion: A 48-channel coil system was developed and demonstrated superior performance for vessel wall imaging at the intracranial and cervical carotid arteries compared with a commercial 36-channel coil. Significance: The 48-channel coil system is potentially useful for clinical diagnostics, especially when attempting to diagnose ischemic stroke.
Amyloidosis and Ocular Involvement: an Overview

ABSTRACT Purpose: To describe the ophthalmic manifestations of amyloidosis and the corresponding therapeutic measures. Methods: The 178 patients included in the study had different types of amyloidosis, diagnosed at a single internal medicine institution (Bari, Italy). To provide a comprehensive review of the types of amyloidosis that can be associated with ocular involvement, the images and clinical descriptions of patients with amyloidosis structurally related to gelsolin, keratoepithelin and lactoferrin were obtained in collaborations with the ophthalmology departments of hospitals in Mainz (Germany) and Helsinki (Finland). Results: Overall, ocular morbidity was detected in 41 of the 178 patients with amyloidosis (23%). AL amyloidosis was diagnosed in 18 patients with systemic disease, 3 with multiple myeloma, and 11 with localized amyloidosis. AA amyloidosis was detected in 2 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 3 with Behçet syndrome, and transthyretin amyloidosis in 4 patients. The treatment of AL amyloidosis is based on chemotherapy to suppress the production of amyloidogenic L-chains and on surgical excision of orbital or conjunctival masses. AA amyloidosis is managed by targeting the underlying condition. Vitreous opacities and additional findings of ocular involvement in patients with transthyretin amyloidosis indicate the need for pars plana vitrectomy. Gelsolin amyloidosis, characterized by lattice corneal amyloidosis and polyneuropathy, results in recurrent keratitis and corneal scarring, such that keratoplasty is inevitable. In patients with lattice corneal dystrophies associated with amyloid deposits of keratoepithelin fragments, corneal transparency is compromised by deposits of congophilic material in the subepithelial layer and deep corneal stroma. Patients with established corneal opacities are treated by corneal transplantation, but the prognosis is poor because recurrent corneal deposits are possible after surgery. In patients with gelatinous drop-like dystrophy, the amyloid fibrils that accumulate beneath the corneal epithelium consist of lactoferrin and can severely impair visual acuity. Keratoplasty and its variants are performed for visual rehabilitation. Conclusion: A routine ophthalmic follow-up is recommended for all patients with established or suspected amyloidosis, independent of the biochemical type of the amyloid. Close collaboration between the ophthalmologist and the internist will facilitate a more precise diagnosis of ocular involvement in amyloidosis and allow the multidisciplinary management of these patients. Abbreviations: CD: corneal dystrophy; CLA: corneal lattice amyloidosis; CNS: central nervous system; CT: computed tomography; FAP: familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy; GDLCD: gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy; GLN: gelsolin; LCD: lattice corneal dystrophy; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; OLT: orthotopic liver transplantation; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TGFBI: transforming growth factor β induced; TTR: transthyretin.
The role of microRNAs in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: From biology to applications

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) that are characterized by small, noncoding RNA have an essential role in the pathogenesis of human diseases, including cancer. Furthermore, miRNAs, as a new paradigm of epigenetic regulators, play an important role in normal development and cellular function. This literature review summarizes the recurrent mechanism of gene regulation through miRNAs and, consequently, the impact of regulated genes on different cellular processes, including proliferation, metastasis, prognosis, and apoptosis. Additionally, what is important to note is that the expression of miRNAs in various cancer cells is different, and miRNAs have various target genes in various cancers. Accordingly, a proper understanding of gene regulation by miRNAs contributes to new perspectives in miRNA‐based therapeutic strategies.
Ocular Surface Disease in a PICU: Incidence and Outcomes With a Dynamic Eye Care Protocol

Objectives: Sedated intensive care patients have impaired ocular protective mechanisms putting them at risk for ocular surface disease with potential vision loss. Historically, routine eye care has been limited to critically ill patients receiving neuromuscular blockade. The aim of this project was to determine the occurrence rate of ocular surface disease in sedated and ventilated children, identify risk factors, and determine the progression of injury with routine eye care. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: A tertiary care medical-surgical PICU. Patients: All intubated patients admitted from May 2015 to December 2016. Interventions: Staff education regarding corneal examination with fluorescein, and routine eye care as per a PICU eye care protocol. Measurements and Main Results: We evaluated 479 patients (1,242 corneal exams) and found that 15% had ocular surface disease at admission to the PICU: keratopathy 62, abrasion 16. The highest incidence was in trauma patients (39.0%) and those intubated in the emergency department (22.2%) or prehospital setting (42.9%). Of the 245 patients with multiple ocular assessments, 32.2% displayed ocular surface disease at some point during their hospitalization: keratopathy 73, abrasion 24. Ourprotocol dictated increased frequency of eye care if ocular surface disease worsened. As a result, the overall incidence of ocular surface disease decreased to 8.6% by the last examination (keratopathy 19, mild abrasion 2), but more severe ocular abnormalities such as corneal infiltrates, ulcers, or scarring were not observed. Based on multivariate analysis, clinical factors associated with increased risk of ocular surface disease included primary diagnosis, and lagophthalmos (incomplete eyelid closure). Conclusions: Ocular surface disease is an under-recognized process in critically ill pediatric patients. A standardized and dynamic protocol may improve corneal health, which in turn may reduce injury, pain, infection, and long-term vision loss.
Does establishing local treatment institutions lead to different populations seeking treatment among Greenlandic Inuit?

Abstract Introduction: In 2016, a new addiction treatment service was established in Greenland to tackle the addiction problems with alcohol, cannabis and gambling among the population. The new service has established a treatment center in each of the five municipalities and works in partnership with a central private provider of treatment for those who reside in areas without a local treatment center. Methods: The national addiction database provided us with data from the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, Alcohol Severity Index and questions on cannabis use and gambling behavior received at referral to, and at initiation of treatment. The data were analyzed for differences between the population in local or central treatment using SPSS version 25 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Results: Significant differences between the individuals in local and central treatment were revealed. Individuals in local treatment are more often women with minor children and a job, and their alcohol use is concentrated on weekends/holidays. Individuals in central treatment are more equal in both genders, few have minor children living at home, heavy drinking is more pronounced, and cannabis is used more frequently as well. Discussion: The findings support our expectations of local treatment being more attractive to individuals with obligations at home. The differences in the populations are worth considering when planning the treatment service, as the needs of the populations might differ. The findings are limited by many missing in the analyses, which we believe is caused by the establishing process of the new service.
Novel halotolerant species of Emericellopsis and Parasarocladium associated with macroalgae in an estuarine environment

ABSTRACT Macroalgae of the genera Fucus, Ulva, and Enteromorpha are typically abundant in estuaries. Endophytic fungi may have beneficial effects on the hosts affecting their ability to cope with stress. They are also a source of biologically active compounds. However, little is known about the endophytic fungi that colonize these macroalgae. Endophytic isolates were obtained from macroalgae from various sites in the estuary Ria de Aveiro (Portugal), as well as from saline water and sponges. Six Acremonium-like species could not be affiliated to any known species. Phylogenetic analyses based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA and β-tubulin (tub2) and actin (act1) genes placed these species in the genera Emericellopsis and Parasarocladium, but distinct from all currently known species. Although sharing morphological characteristics with the most closely related species, these genera differ in micromorphological and molecular characters. Thus, three novel species of Emericellopsis (E. cladophorae, sp. nov., E. enteromorphae, sp. nov., and E. phycophila, sp. nov.) and three novel species of Parasarocladium (P. aestuarinum, sp. nov., P. alavariense, sp. nov., and P. fusiforme, sp. nov.) are proposed.
3 Internet Abuse: Emerging Trends and Lingering Questions

There has been much alarm about Internet abuse in the past decade. Claims of Internet-related crimes such as homicides, suicides, and child neglect have received widespread media attention across the globe (“Chinese Gamer Sentenced to Life,” 2005; Spain & Vega, 2005). Many claim that they are or know someone who is addicted to the Internet. Fifteen percent of university students in the United States and Europe and 26 percent of Australian students claim they know someone is addicted to the Internet (Anderson, 1999; Wang, 2001). Almost 10 percent of adult Internet users in a large online study self-identified as Internet addicts (Cooper, Morahan-Martin, Mathy, & Maheu, 2002), while 31 percent of MySpace users (Vanden Boogart, 2006) and 42 percent of online gamers (Yee, 2002) say they are addicted to those Internet applications. In Germany, a camp was established to help children who were addicted to the Internet (Moore, 2003). It is tempting to dismiss these claims as media hype, but clinicians also have reported Internet-related problems and have set up clinics specifically to treat these problems in many countries. In recent years, governments in Asia have established clinics and intervened to reduce Internet use. The first Chinese clinic for Internet addiction in Beijing has expanded from 40 to 300 inpatient beds, and new clinics are being established in other Chinese cities (Griffiths, 2005; Lin-Liu, 2006). The South Korean government established the Korean Center for Internet Addiction Prevention and Counseling “to correct the Internet misuse and to help Internet addicts” (International Telecommunication Union, 2003) and plans to increase the number of treatment centers for Internet addicts from 40 to 100 by 2010 (“South Korea Plans More Centres to Treat Internet Addiction,” 2005). At the same time, there are many who question the concept of Internet addiction. In fact, Ivan Goldberg, who established both criteria for Internet addiction and the online Internet Addiction Support Group in the 1990s, did so as a joke because he did not and still does not believe in Internet addiction (Suler, 2004a). However, research in the past decade has confirmed that some Internet users do develop serious problems from their use of the Internet and has established factors related to problematic Internet use. Some etiological approaches have begun to emerge. This chapter will first discuss varying conceptualizations of Internet abuse and the factors related to it. Questions about the relationship of Internet abuse to other problems will be explored. Models
Endocrine Disruption and Reproductive Pathology

During the past 20 years, investigations involving endocrine active substances (EAS) and reproductive toxicity have dominated the landscape of ecotoxicological research. This has occurred in concert with heightened awareness in the scientific community, general public, and governmental entities of the potential consequences of chemical perturbation in humans and wildlife. The exponential growth of experimentation in this field is fueled by our expanding knowledge into the complex nature of endocrine systems and the intricacy of their interactions with xenobiotic agents. Complicating factors include the ever-increasing number of novel receptors and alternate mechanistic pathways that have come to light, effects of chemical mixtures in the environment versus those of single EAS laboratory exposures, the challenge of differentiating endocrine disruption from direct cytotoxicity, and the potential for transgenerational effects. Although initially concerned with EAS effects chiefly in the thyroid glands and reproductive organs, it is now recognized that anthropomorphic substances may also adversely affect the nervous and immune systems via hormonal mechanisms and play substantial roles in metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Functional interplay between protein domains in a supramodular structure involving the postsynaptic density protein PSD-95

Cell scaffolding and signaling are governed by protein–protein interactions. Although a particular interaction is often defined by two specific domains binding to each other, this interaction often occurs in the context of other domains in multidomain proteins. How such adjacent domains form supertertiary structures and modulate protein–protein interactions has only recently been addressed and is incompletely understood. The postsynaptic density protein PSD-95 contains a three-domain supramodule, denoted PSG, which consists of PDZ, Src homology 3 (SH3), and guanylate kinase-like domains. The PDZ domain binds to the C terminus of its proposed natural ligand, CXXC repeat–containing interactor of PDZ3 domain (CRIPT), and results from previous experiments using only the isolated PDZ domain are consistent with the simplest scenario for a protein–protein interaction; namely, a two-state mechanism. Here we analyzed the binding kinetics of the PSG supramodule with CRIPT. We show that PSG binds CRIPT via a more complex mechanism involving two conformational states interconverting on the second timescale. Both conformational states bound a CRIPT peptide with similar affinities but with different rates, and the distribution of the two conformational states was slightly shifted upon CRIPT binding. Our results are consistent with recent structural findings of conformational changes in PSD-95 and demonstrate how conformational transitions in supertertiary structures can shape the ligand-binding energy landscape and modulate protein–protein interactions.
Acute ischemic stroke in adolescents

Objective Adolescence represents a transition period between childhood and adulthood, and only limited information exists about stroke characteristics in this population. Our aim was to describe the clinical and neuroradiologic features, etiologies, initial management, and outcome of ischemic stroke in adolescents. Methods This retrospective cohort study evaluated all consecutive patients 10 to 18 years with a first-ever ischemic stroke hospitalized between 2007 and 2017 in 10 French academic centers representing a population of ≈10 million. Extracted data from the national database served as validation. Results A total of 60 patients were included (53% male, median age 15.2 years). Diagnosis at first medical contact was misevaluated in 36%, more frequently in posterior than anterior circulation strokes (55% vs 20% respectively, odds ratio 4.8, 95% confidence interval 1.41–16.40, p = 0.01). Recanalization treatment rate was high (n = 19, 32%): IV thrombolysis (17%), endovascular therapy (11.7%), or both IV and intra-arterial thrombolysis (3.3%); safety was good (only 1 asymptomatic hemorrhagic transformation). Despite thorough etiologic workup, 50% of strokes remained cryptogenic. The most common determined etiologies were cardioembolism (15%), vasculitis and autoimmune disorders (12%, occurring exclusively in female patients), and arterial dissections (10%, exclusively in male patients). Recurrent ischemic cerebrovascular events occurred in 12% (median follow-up 19 months). Recurrence rate was 50% in patients with identified vasculopathy but 0% after cryptogenic stroke. Functional outcome was favorable (Rankin Scale score 0–2 at day 90) in 80% of cases. Conclusions Ischemic strokes in adolescents harbor both pediatric and adult features, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in their management. Recanalization treatments appear feasible and safe.
Novel homozygous loss-of-function mutations in RP1 and RP1L1 genes in retinitis pigmentosa patients

ABSTRACT Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a heterogeneous group of ocular dystrophy. It is challenging to identify the underlying genetic defect in individuals with RP due to huge genetic heterogeneity. This study was designed to delineate the genetic defect(s) underlying RP in extended Saudi families and to describe the possible disease mechanism. Materials and Methods: Fundus photography and a high definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT) were performed in order to detect the earlier stages of macular degeneration. Genomic DNA was extracted followed by genome-wide SNP genotyping and whole exome sequencing (WES). Exome data was filtered to identify the genetic variant(s) of interest. Results: Clinical examination showed that affected individuals manifest key features of RP. The fundus exam shows pale optic disc and bone spicules at the periphery. OCT shows macular degeneration as early as at the age of 4 years. Whole genome scan by SNPs identified multiple homozygous regions. WES identified a 10 bps novel insertion mutation (c.3544_3545insAGAAAAGCTG; p.Ala1182fs) in the RP1 gene in both affected individuals of family A. Affected individual from family B showed a large insertion of 48 nucleotides in the coding part of the RP1L1 gene (c.3955_3956insGGACTAAAGTAATAGAAGGGCTGCAAGAAGAGAGGGTGCAGTTAGAGG; p.Ala1319fs). Sanger sequencing validates the autosomal recessive inheritance of the mutations. Conclusion: The results strongly suggest that the insertion mutations in the RP1 and RP1L1 genes are responsible for the retinal phenotype in affected individuals from two families. Heterozygous individuals are asymptomatic carriers. We propose that the protective allele in other homozygous regions in heterozygous carriers contribute to the phenotypic variability in asymptomatic individuals.