Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Pilot Study of Nonpharmacological Interventions for Hospice Patients With Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia

Agitation is a common, treatable symptom that profoundly impacts quality of life and exacerbates caregiver fatigue in the hospice setting for patients with dementia. The objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy of tailored nonpharmacological interventions for mitigation of unwanted behaviors in the population of patients with behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia while receiving hospice care. The 4-domain Pittsburgh Agitation Scale (PAS; Motor, Verbal, Aggressive, Resistance to Care) was used for multiple baseline and posttest measurements of agitation. Effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions was evaluated using analysis of variance for repeated measures for the total PAS score. Motor agitation was the presenting problem with highest-rated severity compared with Verbal, Aggression, and Resistance to Care domains. Analysis of variance demonstrated no difference between baseline referral and pretest total PAS measures (P = .8), but a significant drop in total PAS agitation after intervention (P < .001). The best outcomes, however, were with patients receiving both nonpharmacological and standard pharmacological interventions as opposed to nonpharmacological interventions alone (P = .034). For patients with dementia presenting with behavioral and psychological symptoms, selected nonpharmacological interventions provide significant mitigation of agitation.
ADVANCES IN ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON LEAF LIFESPAN AND ASSOCIATED LEAF TRAITS

It is well known that plants with long leaf lifespans are found to grow mostly in habitats where nutrient availability is low and/or water is limited, while plants with short leaf lifespans usually occur on sites with relatively h igh nutrient availability. Considerable research conducted worldwide indicates t hat leaf mass-based nitrogen concentrations (N mass ) are positively rel ated to ma ximum photosynthetic rates, and specific leaf area (leaf area per unit dry weigh t) shows a negative relationship with leaf construction cost, and both decrease with increased leaf lifespan. These relationships among leaf traits generally ex ist across wide ranges of plant populations, communities and biomes, apparently reflecting convergent adaptation of plants to the given climate and/or other env ironmental constraints. Therefore, knowledge about leaf traits is important t o further understand the structure and function of plant ecosystems. With increasing altitude, leaf lifespan generally increases. Associated leaf tra its also show general altitudinal trends: leaf area-based nitrogen concentration s and maximum photosynthetic rates both increase, whereas specific leaf area dec reases with increasing elevation. Plants with long leaf lifespans are thought to be adapted to environmental stresses, such as low temperatures, short growing s e ason length or low light and nutrient availability, while those with short leaf lifespans tend to be associated with fast rates of relative growth and carbon fi xation in response to seasonal stresses of drought and/or cold winters. Under gi ven environmental constraints, the cost-benefit hypothesis explains that variati ons in leaf lifespan are controlled by the trade-offs between leaf carbon costs and benefits for maximizing carbon gain of plants. Cost-benefit simulations nice ly predict a global bimodal distribution of evergreen forests. Accordingly, leaf lifespan and its related leaf traits appear to provide a conceptual link betwee n processes at short-term leaf scales and long-term whole plant and stand-level scales. Knowledge about patterns of leaf lifespan and associated leaf traits acr oss biomes would help us to develop a processing link between biogeography model s and biogeochemistry models and to further understand mechanisms of vegetation dynamics in response to global change. However, there is limited knowledge on ho w leaf characteristics might be used to deduct ecosystem function information and how this scaling task could be accomplished. The traditional focus of plant ecophysiology, understanding how plants cope with often-stressful habitats, is organism centered. It is still difficult to quantitatively describe the relati onships among community characteristics, climatic factors and leaf characteristi cs due to a lack of field data at the ecosystem level. In China, there has been very little work on the ecology of leaf lifespan and its related traits, so it's a challenge and fruitful area for the future research.
Efficacy of Spore Forming Bacilli Supplementation in Patients with Mild to Moderate Elevation of Triglycerides: A 12 week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial.

Objective The purpose of this randomized double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of a commercial spore-based probiotic supplement consisting of 5 different spore forming bacilli (Bacillus indicus HU36, Bacillus subtilis HU58, Bacillus coagulans SC-208, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus clausii SC-109) on reducing the triglyceride levels (TG) in patients with mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia (HT). Study design A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with eighty participants with non-fasting triglyceride levels greater than 150 mg/dL. Methods Eighty participants with non-fasting triglyceride levels greater than 150 mg/dL were randomized to receive oral probiotic supplement consisting of two capsules containing 5 different spore forming bacilli once daily in the morning or a placebo (rice flour). Their non-fasting triglyceride levels were measured again at six weeks and at twelve weeks. Results Compared to the placebo group, participants in the probiotic supplement group had significant lowering of their triglyceride levels after 90 days. Conclusion Mild to moderately elevated triglyceride levels can be lowered in patients with mild to moderate HT by a probiotic supplement consisting of five different spore forming bacilli.
Evaluation of enthesitis in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis by power color and spectral Doppler ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVE Ultrasonography in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) could potentially be useful for evaluation of enthesitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate enthesitis in patients with JIA quantitatively by power color and spectral Doppler ultrasonography by determining color fraction (CF) and resistive index (RI). METHODS A cross-sectional single-center study was performed in 15 (61 entheseal sites) patients with JIA with clinical enthesitis. A total of 9 age and sex matched healthy controls (53 entheseal sites) were also examined and compared. Entheseal sites (quadriceps tendon, patellar tendon, tendo-Achilles, medial and lateral epicondyles of humerus) were examined on USG B mode for tendon thickening, hypo- and hyper-echogenicity, enthesophytes, and cortical erosions/irregularities by power Doppler ultrasound for the presence of Doppler signal and by power color Doppler and spectral Doppler ultrasonography to derive CF and RI respectively. RESULTS The mean thickness of entheseal site in patients and controls were 3.55±0.82 mm and 2.8±0.37 mm, respectively (p<0.001). The power Doppler signal was present in 93.4% of patients (p<0.001). The pooled data of all entheseal sites revealed a significantly higher CF in patients (0.08±0.03) than in controls (0.006±0.008) (p<0.001). The mean RI in patients (0.61±0.09) was significantly lower than that in controls (0.92±0.12) (p<0.001). The cut-off of RI (0.7) and CF (0.029) determined by receiver operating curve analysis revealed a diagnostic accuracy of 94.7% and 96.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION Evaluation of enthesitis by determining CF and RI via power color Doppler and spectral Doppler is possible in JIA patients.
Vehicular emission approximation using wavelet 3 analysis 4 5

11 Vehicular emission has been recognized as one of the major sources of air pollution as 12 such emissions contain harmful greenhouse gases. Hence processing of air pollution data 13 has gained interest which, in turn, made decomposition and transformation algorithms to 14 be important tools in data analyses. For analyzing vehicular pollution, the key variables are 15 the speed, acceleration and pavement roughness. Presently, portable emission 16 measurement system (PEMS) can be employed to collect on-road gas emission data for 17 every second and smartphone apps such as Roadroid are used to estimate road 18 roughness. Although analytical modeling can provide average estimation on the behavior 19 of roughness and how it affects the emission, numerical transformation and decomposition 20 can offer superior approximation since these techniques sweep the whole spectrum of 21 available data. This paper presents a discrete wavelet transformation procedure and 22 discusses the low frequency components of the analysis to approximate the relation 23 between pavement roughness and gas emissions. Here, PEMS data of several road 24 segments from greater Houston were considered. These road segments, selected as 25 testing sites, are approximately 550 km of length in total. The emission data obtained from 26 PEMS in these sites for various gas exhaust such as CO2, CO, NOx, and HC and fuel 27 consumption (FC) are decomposed by Multilevel 1-dimensional discrete wavelet analysis 28 to analyze the wavelet approximations of emission and the underlying trends. The results 29 of this literature can assist in the prediction of vehicular emission for different pavement 30 conditions. 31 32
A Description of Spawning and Post-Gastrula Development of the Cool Temperate Coral, Caryophyllia Smithi

Spawning and post-gastrula development of planula larvae of the ahermatype Caryophyllia smithi are described. Gametes develop within the mesenteries of the adults usually between January and March, are discharged through the mouth of the polyp and fertilized externally in the sea water. Ova are either brown or cream in colour, spherical or slightly oval in shape and are 130–150 µm in diameter. Planulae are fully formed after 48 h, when feeding commences. A large apical tuft (30–60 µm in length) is present but only during the first six weeks of pelagic life. After 8–10 weeks of feeding in culture larvae reach a length of 800–1000 µm: they are then fully developed and ready to settle. Attention is paid to the effects of sea water temperatures on reproduction; locomotion and feeding behaviour of planulae are also discussed.
Inhibition from related primes in semantic memory retrieval: A reappraisal of Brown's (1979) paradigm.

The present study was an attempt to replicate and extend Brown's (1979) finding of inhibition in retrieval from semantic memory produced by presentation of semantically related primes. Subjects' speed and accuracy in answering generalknowledge questions (e.g., Who was the first man to walk on the moon? ) were measured when the question was preceded by one of four different prime types: neutral (ready), unrelated (alligator), semantically related (John Glenn), or correct (Neil Armstrong). One group of subjects was given all four of the different prime types across the 96 questions, while a second group received only the first three types (i.e., correct primes did not occur). For the first group of subjects, latency to answer the questions^was greater following related primes than the other types, replicating Brown's finding of inhibition from semantically related primes. However, for subjects who did not receive any correct primes, latencies were not greater following related primes than following neutral or unrelated primes. Thus the inhibitory priming effect reported by Brown is not due to automatic spreading inhibition (as he suggested). Rather, the inhibition seems due to strategic factors involved in evaluating the prime to determine if it is the correct answer to the •
Regulation of COVID-19 fake news infodemic in China and India

During the recent outbreak of coronavirus, the concern about proliferation of misleading information, rumours and myths has caused governments across the world to institute various interventionist steps to stem their flow. Each government has had to balance the dichotomy between freedom of expression and people’s right to be safe from the adverse impact of inaccurate information. Governments across the world have implemented a number of strategies to manage COVID-19 including issuing public advisories, advertising campaigns, holding press conferences and instituting punitive regulations to combat the distribution of false and misleading information. We examine the two most populous countries’ governments’ response to the scourge of fake news during COVID-19. China and India are the most challenging nations to govern in terms of their sheer size and diversity of their population. Each country’s government has taken several steps to minimise the impact of fake news during COVID, within its own political system.
Are Pretrained Language Models Symbolic Reasoners over Knowledge?

How can pretrained language models (PLMs) learn factual knowledge from the training set? We investigate the two most important mechanisms: reasoning and memorization. Prior work has attempted to quantify the number of facts PLMs learn, but we present, using synthetic data, the first study that investigates the causal relation between facts present in training and facts learned by the PLM. For reasoning, we show that PLMs seem to learn to apply some symbolic reasoning rules correctly but struggle with others, including two-hop reasoning. Further analysis suggests that even the application of learned reasoning rules is flawed. For memorization, we identify schema conformity (facts systematically supported by other facts) and frequency as key factors for its success.
Distillery effluent treatment and by-product recovery

Current industrial and experimental methods for utilisation and disposal of ethanol distillery effluent are analysed. The properties of stillage from fermentation of sugar, starch and cellulosic substrates are reviewed. A comparative economic study of the four major commercial stillage handling processes indicates that by-products credits can cover the full treatment costs
Solving linear feasibility in linear number of steps with self-concordant Perceptron.

This paper offers an algorithms which solves any linear feasibility instance with a number of step which is at most linear in the binary size of the instance. This algorithm combines Perceptron and self concordant functions (log barrier) features. In particular, algorithm step are damped Newton step mainly consisting in solving a set of linear equations. Using common conversion, this algorithm could be used to solve linear programming, but, this leads to a slightly higher time complexity than state of the art. Inversely, times complexity for linear separability is state of the art, and, binary complexity is also mastered thank to a specific rounding process.
Effects of feeding distillers dried grains with Solubles (DDGS) with exogenous enzyme supplementation on growth and nutrient utilization of indigenous chicken

Distillers dried grains with Solubles (DDGS), a co-product of ethanol production process, has been identified as a promising feed resource for its use in the rations of poultry as an energy and protein source. The present investigation aimed at assessing the effects of feeding graded levels of DDGS with or without enzymes on the growth performance of indigenous chicken. A total of 180 21 d old indigenous chicks were divided into six groups viz. T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 each with 30 chicks. The birds of T1, T3 and T5 were fed a basal diet containing 0, 10 and 20 per cent DDGS while the birds in T2, T4 and T6 were fed the same basal diet as that of T1, T3 and T5, respectively, but were additionally supplemented with a commercial exogenous multi-enzyme preparation. The feeding trial was conducted for a period of 182 d (13 fortnights) excluding a metabolic trial for a period of 8 days. The average final body weight was recorded highest in T2 group (1643.93±25.22 g) and lowest in T5 group (1580.00±14.50 g) without any significant (P>0.05) difference among the groups. No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in respect of final body weight, total and mean daily gain in body weight, total feed consumption as well as overall feed conversion efficiency (FCRs) among the treatment groups. Positive Nitrogen, Calcium and Phosphorus balances were observed in all the treatment groups with significant differences (P>0.05) in respect of P retention between T1 and T4 and T6; T3 and T6 and T5 and T6 groups. It is concluded that DDGS can be incorporated at 20% level in the rations of indigenous chicken for the economic gain without any adverse affect on growth and nutrient utilization.
Superregnancy in the Mouse

1. Superovulation was induced by gonadotrophin treatment in adult and immature female mice. The uteri of treated females and of control, naturally ovulating females were examined at 7½ days post coitum by means of a laparotomy operation, and again at autopsy 18½ days post coitum . 2. The mating rate of the two older groups of treated immature females was significantly higher than that of either the two younger groups or the treated adults The proportion of mated females which became pregnant was low in the youngest group, but increased rapidly with age up to the control adult level. 3. The mean number of implants per uterine horn in treated females in which implantation occurred was about twice that found in untreated control females, and did not vary with age. On the other hand, the variation in the number of implants per uterine horn was significantly greater among adult treated than among immature treated females. 4. Total failure of pregnancy through death or disappearance of the embryos was most common among younger females with very large numbers of implants. Partial litter loss through death of individual embryos was greater in adult treated than in immature treated females. Combining partial and total litter loss, the gross mortality rate of embryos was independent of the age of the mother. 5. Death of individual embryos before day 10 was more common in treated than in untreated females, and more common in adult treated than in immature treated females. The incidence bore no relation to the total number of implants either per female or per uterine horn, did not affect the survival of the remaining implants, and was not reduced by progesterone treatment. 6. The death rate of individual embryos during the middle period of pregnancy did not significantly exceed the control level until the number in the horn rose above eight, at which point it increased abruptly in all treated groups. In the immature, but not in the mature, treated females the presence of more than eight implants in both horns was associated with still higher mortality. 7. Death of individual embryos during the later part of pregnancy occurred relatively rarely and was associated with crowding of the uterine horn. 8. In adult treated females which were allowed to go to term, the number of young born alive was inversely related to the number of embryos which had implanted. 9. Our results are discussed with reference to the possibility of artificially increasing the reproductive output of mice and other mammals.
Space and planetary environment criteria guidelines for use in space vehicle development 1977 revision

Space and planetary natural environment data were presented for use as design criteria guidelines in space vehicle development programs. Specifically, information is provided in the disciplinary areas of atmospheric and ionospheric properties, radiation, solar cycle predictions, geomagnetic field, astrodynamic constants, and meteoroids for the Earth's atmosphere above 90 km, interplanetary space, and the atmospheres and surfaces (when available) of the moon and the planets (other than earth) of the solar system. The current upper atmosphere model and solar cycle prediction routines were described in detail.
evently: A Toolkit for Analyzing Online Users via Reshare Cascade Modeling.

Modeling online discourse dynamics is a core activity in understanding the spread of information, both offline and online, and emergent online behavior. There is currently a disconnect between the practitioners of online social media analysis -- usually social, political and communication scientists -- and the accessibility to tools capable of examining online discussions of users. Here we present evently, a tool for modeling online reshare cascades, and particularly retweet cascades, using self-exciting processes. It provides a comprehensive set of functionalities for processing raw data from Twitter public APIs, modeling the temporal dynamics of processed retweet cascades and characterizing online users with a wide range of diffusion measures. This tool is designed for researchers with a wide range of computer expertise, and it includes tutorials and detailed documentation. We illustrate the usage of evently with an end-to-end analysis of online user behavior on a topical dataset relating to COVID-19. We show that, by characterizing users solely based on how their content spreads online, we can disentangle influential users and online bots.
Extraction of bioactive compound from different medicinal plants and rhizospheric soil bacteria and their comparative study against human pathogens

Murraya Koenigii (Meethi Neem), Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Achyranthes aspera (Latjira), Withania Somnifera (Ashwagandha) and Syzygium cumini (Jamun) are being widely used in ayurvedic/traditional systems of medicines and source of several bioactive compounds. These plants are also used as culinary items. The present study was conducted to investigate the anti-bacterial effect of these plants against E. coli and P. aeruginosa are seem to cause many diseases in humans. We also considered the rhizospheric soil bacteria of these medicinal plants. In this project, we have done comparative studies of the metabolite extracted from five different medicinal plants on human pathogen i.e E. coli and P. aeruginosa. This was done by preparing the methanolic and water extract from dried leaves of these plants through soxhlet extractor and test them against the test micro-organisms through performing Disc assay. Two plants Murraya Koenigii (Meethi Neem) and Curcuma longa (Turmeric) showed good results and their both extracts i.e water and methanol gave no susceptible results against test micro-organisms The second finding was the effect of secondary metabolite extracted from the rhizospheric soil bacteria of same five plants on the test organism i.e P. aeruginosa and E. coli. During this total 20 colonies were isolated and out of 20 only 10 gave good result based on well diffusion test. Thus, this whole study revealed the antimicrobial effect of the metabolite and rhizospheric soil bacteria from these plants and so can be used to effectively to cure the disease caused by E. coli and P. aeruginosa.