Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ADS-B: An Air Navigation Revolution

The World is growing. Globalization is the order of the day. This implies the need of mankind to move worldwide. It is obvious that with the increase of the population, the air traffic increases on the same level, proportional to this growth. This is the spark that made us to think on how to make this viable in a short range, as well as in a long range. This report has the objective to answer some questions related to air traffic management: would it be possible to automate the air traffic control? Would it increase this way the number of operations per hour? Our work group is convinced it is, thanks to ADS-B. Next we will analyze if thanks to the ADS-B implementation we are able to achieve this objective, and also to increase air space capacity.
A Novel Method for Service Differentiation in IEEE 802.15.4 : Priority Jamming

IEEE 802.15. 4 employs carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA), which is known to have difficulty for supporting quality of service (QoS). In this paper, a new priority scheme called priority jamming (PJ) is proposed for service differentiation for IEEE 802.15. 4. The main idea of the proposed scheme is deferring the low priority packet transmission for the high priority packet. Clear channel assessment of IEEE 802.15. 4 is modified to support the proposed PJ. The efficiency of the proposed scheme is validated by comparing the delay, throughput, and energy-per-bit with those of standard CSMA/CA. Simulations results showed that PJ improves the delay and throughput simultaneously while maintaining marginal difference in energy efficiency.
Effect of Aqueous Extract of the Bark of Entandrophragma utile in Acute Gastric and Duodenal Ulcer Models

Purpose : The bark of E. utile is claimed in Nigerian traditional medicine to have antiulcer properties. We therefore tested its effectiveness in experimental acute gastric and duodenal ulcer models. Methods : Ulcers generated as lesions, from pin-point craters to larger eruptions, were quantified qualitatively for cold-restraint, immobilization, pylorus ligation, and aspirin induced gastric ulcers and for histamine or cysteamine induced duodenal ulcers. Ethanol or histamine induced hemorrhagic gastric lesions were quantified by planimetry and a dose-related effectiveness of the aqueous extract of E. utile was determined. Data were compared using Student’s t-test. At 95% confidence interval, any 2-tailed p value <0.05 was considered significant. Results : Using qualitative evaluation, the extract of E. utile or standard drugs (cimetidine, ranitidine, or nocloprost) did not significantly reduce gastric ulcer incidence and/or ulcer severity. E. utile was ineffective for duodenal ulcers. Using the quantitative methods, histamine, 5 mg kg-1 i.p. in guinea pigs produced 100% incidence of gastric ulcers with a mean ulcer index (UI) of 55.4 ± 8.38. In this model, 100 mg kg -1 cimetidine lowered the incidence to 60% and the UI to 17 ± 9.9 (p<0.0005) while 5 x 10-3g kg-1 E. utile lowered the incidence to 80% and the index to 15.88 ± 11.8 (p<0.01). Similarly 1 ml absolute ethanol given orally in rats produced 100% incidence and UI of 49.2 ± 12.69. In this model, 100 ig kg-1 nocloprost reduced the incidence to 33% and the mean UI to 10.15 ± 0.55 (p<0.01); E. utile (50 mg kg-1) prevented ethanol induced hemorrhagic gastric mucosal damage (p<0.005). Conclusion : E. utile protected the gastric mucosa against acute noxious assault. Keywords : Peptic ulcer, anti-ulcer, E. utile
The Essential role of different factors in pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Heliotropium hirsutissimum Grauer (Boraginaceae)

The elongation of the pollen tube in flowering plants is exceedingly rapid and its requirements, in general, seem quite unimpressive, i.e., water, oxygen and a suitable osmotic milieu. Despite extensive attempts to hasten this growth process with the conventional host of growth factors, few have met with convincing suc We study the essential role of different factors (temperature, PH, Sucrose, Boric acid, Calcium) in pollen germination and pollen tube growth of heliotropiumhirsutissimum (Boraginaceae). We used basal medium (Brewbaker&Kwack, 1963) with different temperatures (25-30-35C), PH (5-6-7-8), Sucrose (100-140-180-220) g/L, Boric acid (0-100200-300) mg/L, Calcium (0-300-400-500) mg/L. The best result for each factor in this study was:Temperature: 30C, PH: 6, Sucrose: 220 g/L, Boric acid: 100 mg/L, Calcium: 500 mg/L.
New generation of industrial crystallizers Numerical simulation of a bubble growth induced by laser

Production of crystals of different chemicals with the desired properties is a not trivial task and great number of studies have been carried out in order to understand the crystallization kinetics. Notwithstanding all these efforts, further investigation is needed to understand the underlying physics and the sequence of events that leads to crystallization. Moreover, introduction of novel technologies that facilitate the crystallization process and, as a result, produces crystals with the desired and controlled quality are essential. In this thesis, several technologies such as the laser-induced crystallization, ultrasound-induced crystallization, air-lift crystallization, oscillatory baffled crystallization and the high-gravity crystallizer have been studied and their main features are presented. In particular, the study focuses on the laser-induced crystallization or, more specifically, on the growth of a bubble that is induced by laser irradiation in an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate. The numerical part of study is based on the volume of fluid (VOF) framework and the Schnerr and Sauer cavitation model (G.H.Schnerr, A.J.Sauer, F.I.C.M.F, 2001) to model the bubble growth. The simulations consider mass and energy transfer during the phase change in a stagnant ammonium solution. The simulation results show that the mass fraction of ammonium sulfate increases as a result of evaporation of solvent from liquid into the bubble. The increase of solute concentration during the expansion of a bubble is recognized as a driving force for nucleation. In the same time, it also increases the probability of formation of stable clusters. The predicted values for the bubble radius as a function of flow time are found to be lower than the experimental data and the maximum predicted bubble radius is higher than the maximum bubble size in another sudy (A. Soare et.al, Cryst. Growth Des, 2011).
Antenna characterization in the time domain

A theory for a complete far-field transmit-receive system characterization of short-pulse antennas is derived in the time domain. The transmit-receive antenna system is characterized by a set of cascaded operators, which transform the source waveform and power into similar quantities at the receiving antenna terminals. Two such sets are defined. The first one is phrased in terms of the wave-type "time-dependent effective-height" operator, while the second one is defined in terms of the energy-type "gain operator". Both definitions fit within a complete transmit-receive system description, the latter being equivalent to the frequency-domain Friis equation. However, these operators are derived entirely in the context of the time-domain field equation. The starting point in the time-domain analysis of the effective height is the slant stack transform (SST) of the time-dependent current distribution in a manner equivalent to the spatial Fourier transform used in the frequency domain. The vector autocorrelation of the transmitting effective height is then used to define the time-dependent gain operator under impulsive source excitation. Time-domain reciprocity leads to the definitions of antenna parameters under receiving conditions and the corresponding equivalent circuit. The parameters defined in this way fit within a consistent transmit-receive convolution operator, operating on the autocorrelation of the input signal. This independent time-domain representation is thus similar to the frequency-domain representation. However, unlike the conventional frequency-domain circuit parameters, which relate voltage and current amplitudes, the time-domain circuit representation is based on incident and reflected wave-type constituents. In addition, the use of appropriate norms facilitates the transformation of our operators to stand-alone figures of merits. The general concepts developed are demonstrated for a short dipole antenna.
On the power of direct tests for rational expectations against the alternative of constant gain learning

In this paper we study the power of direct tests for rational expectations against the constant gain learning alternative. The investigation is by means of a Monte Carlo study. The tests considered use quantitative expectations data and qualitative survey data that has been quantified. The main finding is that the power of tests for rational expectations against constant gain learning may be very small, making it impossible to distinguish the hypotheses.
Mineral phosphate solubilizing bacterial community in agro-ecosystem

The present communication deals with the assessment of phosphate solubilizing bacterial community structure across artificially created fertility gradient with regards to N, P and K status of soil in the experimental site. 20 randomly phosphate solubilizing bacteria from each fertility gradient were isolated, purified and characterized through their insoluble mineral phosphate-source utilization patterns. Four insoluble phosphate sources; purulia rock phosphate (PRP), mussourie rock phosphate (MRP), crystalline iron and aluminum phosphate were charged in basic Pikovskaia solid medium. Growth pattern of the isolates on those phosphate sources was recorded. Different communities utilized different P-sources in different magnitudes. Size of isolates of low fertility gradient showing greater utilization efficiency towards diverse phosphate sources gradually reduced along the gradient of fertility. Data thus obtained from the experiment were filed to compute community structure of phosphate solubilizing bacteria through principal component analysis (PCA). On the whole, the community composition of phosphate solubilizing bacteria reduced gradually under the influence of cultivation and fertilization in different fertility gradient soils.
Simulation Analysis of Efficiency of Wireless Power Transmission System for AUV

Adequate electrical energy can guarantee long-term navigation for the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). Compared with the traditional wired charging method, wireless charging has the advantages of high security, simple operation and so on, and is more suitable for underwater application. In this paper, we study the efficiency of wireless power transmission (WPT) system in air and seawater. The transmission efficiency of wireless transmission system in air and seawater is compared with HFSS simulation. The reason of system efficiency decay is analyzed, which is helpful for the application of wireless power transmission technology in AUV.
/ Late Anthropogene Insectivora from the South Urals with a Special Reference to Diagnostics of Red-Toothed Shrews of the Genus Sorex

Description of remains of insectivorous mammals (hedgehogs, moles, and shrews) from Late Pleistocene and Holocene deposits in caves ofthe South Urals is given. I distinguish three main types offaunas: Serpievskaya (Late Pleistocene), Ignat'evskaya (Early Holocene), and Simskaya (Late Holocene) that differ notably in abundance and species composition. A key for the identification of fossil remains of red-toothed shrews is provided. ABCTPAKT. -II~EB~ R~H~ OwcaHHe OCTaTKOB HaCeKOMO~HbIX lwIeKOwTaIoWx (exeii, H 3e~JIepoe~) H3 IIo~~H~~~~~cTo~~ HoB~Ix H rOlIOQeHOBbIX OTJIOX~HH~~ IIeIlJep IOXHOrO YpaJIa. Bbmene~o TPH OCHOBH~IX Tnna @ay~: Cepnne~c~a~ (1103pnfi IIJI~~~CTO~~H), yr~a~ae~c~a~ (paHHHfi ~OJIO~~H) H CHMCK~X (II03,I(HHfi ~oJIo~~H), KOTOpbIe CWeCTBeHHO OTJIHaIoTCH 'npyr OT ApYra IIO O~HJIHIO H BHAOBOMY COCTaBY. ~PHBO,I(HTCH CHCTeMa H ,I(HarHOCTHeCKaR ~a6nnqa AJIH OnpeneneHHH ncKouaeMbIx OcTamoB.
Anurans of Serra Negra da Mantiqueira, Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais, Brazil: a priority area for biodiversity conservation

Amphibians are identified as the group that presents the largest decline in recent years and fauna inventories are primary to map conservation strategies. The Serra Negra da Mantiqueira, which belongs to the complex of Serra da Mantiqueira and it is part of the Mantiqueira’s Ecological Corridor, has high species diversity and is identified as a priority area for biological conservation. We present the first systematic anurofauna inventory for Serra Negra da Mantiqueira, in municipalities of Rio Preto, Santa Barbara do Monte Verde, Olaria and Lima Duarte, located in the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais. We conducted 12 collections during two rainy seasons, from October 2013 to March 2014 and from October 2014 to March 2015. Were inventoried 13 sampling site through night active search over five days in each month. The anurofauna of Serra Negra presented 48 species in ten families, Hylidae family being the richest (24 species), followed by Leptodactylidae family (eight species). Some species were not identified to species level because they are confused taxonomically groups or because they have few specimens collected. This study reveals a high richness of anuran species of the Serra Negra da Mantiqueira which shows more representative than anurofauna adjacent regions such as the Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca and the city of Juiz de Fora. In addition, we recorded two endemic species, Hylodes perere and Hypsiboas cambui . Therefore, these result shows the great importance of the Serra Negra da Mantiqueira to the conservation of regional anurofauna, highlighting how high biodiversity area also for frogs.
Sea Surface Salinity with SMOS

The mission to observe the Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) from the space is not really new because it has been started from long time ago. The first mission was the Skylab which used a 1.4 GHz microwave radiometer in 1970â€™s. But this mission is still not as comprehensive as other missions which observe such as Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Sea Surface Height (SSH), Ocean Color, and so on. Realizing the importance of SSS distribution in the ocean and its influences to the Earthâ€™s climate system has motivated the scientists to develop a new technique in observing the SSS from space and lead a mission called the SMOS mission which was launched in November 2, 2011. Besides observing the SSS, this mission observes the Soil Moisture as well. The Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission aims to obtain global and regular measurements on the soil moisture and the ocean salinity. These measurements are essential for climate and hydrological models, among other purposes. SMOS payload is a L band (21 cm, 1.4 GHz) 2D interferometric radiometer on a generic Proteus platform. The mission lifetime is at least 3 years (0.5 for commissioning and 2.5 for normal operation) + 2 years (extended operation) + 10 years for the post-mission processing. Raw physical data, level 1 and level 2 products will be produced by the PDPC (SMOS Payload Data and Processing Centre). It is an ESA center located in Villafranca (Spain) and operated under the responsibility of ESA. The SMOS Ocean Salinity objective is accuracy better than 0.1 psu, with 10 days to monthly grid scale (200 km).
Conservative nonlinear oscillators in Abel's mechanical problem

Se estudia una familia de osciladores no lineales, intrinsecamente no analiticos, que surgen como soluciones particulares del problema mecanico de Abel. Se incluye en cada caso la expresion exacta del periodo en funcion de la amplitud de las oscilaciones. Las formulaciones lagrangiana y hamiltoniana son discutidas, asi como la relacion que los mencionados sistemas guardan con el oscilador armonico
Studying the Computing Implementation of Interactive Musical Notation

Formalized music is usually based on the asynchronous creation of musical structures by the composer, that are later expressed in the form of music notation. This can also be considered as an algorithmic structure that, once executed by the musical performer, reaches the state of sonic art; the music per se, formed by the organization of sounds along time. This is perceived by the listener whose cognition attributes to it a personal meaning. This article introduces a computational process that aims to artistically explore the inversion of its natural order, respectively given by: the composer, the performer and the listener. Throughout a computational model, listener perception data is retrieved and used to control the dynamic creation of musical notation in real-time. After this process is over, the final result is a structured musical notation, generated by a self-organizing process given by the systemic interaction of independent agents, that are: the computer, the composer, the performer and the listeners. Keywords: Musical notation; Computer music; Interactive music.
Nitrogen-specific uptake rates of marine phytoplankton isolated from natural populations of particles by flow cytometry

Phytoplankton were isolated from natural, heterogeneous populations of part~cles in Boothbay Harbor, M a ~ n e , USA using flow cytornetry with cell sorting to measure true rates of nitrogenspecific uptake of 15N without the bias due to detritus, bactena or other heterotrophs that affects tradltional filtration techniques. After incubation under light or dark conditions with I5NH4+ or "NO3-, particles were either directly filtered or were sorted to isolate phytoplankton and then filtered for isotopic analysis. Nitrogen-specific (pN, t i m e ' ) and absolute uptake rates (mass volume-' time-l) of ammonium were greater for small (3-10 pm) phytoplankton than for larger (10-53 pm) phytoplankton, whereas the opposite was observed for uptake of nitrate. Accounting for pronounced diel variations in uptake from both nitrogen sources, algal growth rates were calculated to be 0.38 d' on ammonium and 0.05 d ' on nitrate. The absolute rate of NH,+ uptake by all particles as assayed by filtration was approximately balanced by the summed rates of the 2 sorted fractions and the small (<3 ). ]m) particles that were removed prior to sorting: phytoplankton represented only 50% of the total rate. In contrast, phytoplankton uptake of nitrate represented only about one-third of the total uptake, and the remaining fractions contributed only 10% leaving about 60% unaccounted for. Future applicat~ons of flow cytornetry with stable isotopes could be used to investigate diel variations in p~ and pc (carbon-specific uptake rates) and provide an estimate of phytoplankton growth rates.
Particle Filter and Visual Tracking: a Hybrid Resampling approach to improving robustness in cluttered and occluded environments

Occlusions and cluttered environments represent real challenges for visual tracking methods. In order to increase robustness in such situations this article presents a method for visual tracking using a Particle Filter with Hybrid Resampling. Our approach consists of using a particle filter to estimate the state of the tracked object, and both particles’ inertia and update information are used in the resampling stage. The proposed method is tested using a public benchmark and the results are compared with other tracking algorithms. The results show that our approach performs better in cluttered environments, as well as in situations with total or partial occlusions.
Diagnosing method for plant growth using a 3D depth sensor

To simultaneously increase yield in horticulture, it is necessary to control the environment in the greenhouse while continuously monitoring plant growth. Light-intercepting characteristics evaluated from leaf area is used as a plant growth index. Therefore, we tested whether it is possible to measure leaf area nondestructively using a 3D depth sensor, Microsoft Kinect. The Kinect was developed to control video games through gestures and spoken commands. Information collected with a visible-light camera, an infrared-light camera for measuring distance, an infrared projector, and a microphone array is transferred to a Windows PC. We wrote a leaf-area calculation program in C# and built it in the Kinect for Microsoft Software Development Kit. Comparing the actual and estimated areas of plastic plates and using a linear approximation method gave an estimation accuracy of R(2)=0.99. We placed the Kinect above a tomato canopy in a greenhouse and measured the leaf area of two cultivars, 'Anoukou 9' and 'Managua'. We found that the spatial distribution of leaves was markedly different between cultivars, and that the Kinect calculated the sunlit leaf area. By comparing the leaf area and LAI obtained with the Kinect and the measurements of the vertical change in light intensity within the plant canopy, it was possible to describe the light-intercepting characteristics of each cultivar.
EVALUATION OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY ACROSS SELECT DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS IN A PREMIUM COFFEE SHOP RESTAURANT CONTEXT

Firms are continuously measuring customer satisfaction to understand the state of the customers, since customer loyalty is better predicted by customer satisfaction. However, studies are attempted very little in number to bring out the differences across the demographic characteristics; the current research work aims to bring out the differences across male and female customers and young and very young customers in terms of their satisfaction and loyalty in a luxury coffee shop context. Findings from the study suggest that male customers exhibit higher satisfaction levels and loyalty than the female customers; similarly very young customers (less than 23) have high satisfaction levels and loyalty than those who are above 23. The luxury coffee shop should made attempt to improve the satisfaction and loyalty level across female customer group and those who are above 23.
Thermo-mechanic and sensory properties of wheat and rye breads produced with varying concentration of the additive

The effects of different concentrations of the complex additive containing emulsifiers, oxido-reductive substances and enzymes, on the rheological conditions of dough, and on the sensory properties of three groups of bread were investigated. The best initial quality and the lowest degree of protein network weakening had the dough obtained from mixed wheat and rye flours. The best expected baking properties were shown by the white wheat flour due to the least damage of its starch. The use of the additive has an effect on the absorption of water and on the majority of C-values of all sorts of flour. The amount of additive had a significant effect on the sensory properties of wheat bread crumb texture. Also, storage duration significantly affected (p <0.01) the sensory properties of integral wheat bread aroma-taste and the weighted mean score. The interaction of these two factors had no significant effect on any of sensory properties of the investigated groups of bread.
An Optimized Search Technique By Query Classification

Web Content mining is defined as extraction of required data from distributed databases. Today we are using search engine for extracting the required information on the basis of requirement of user. But search engines that we are using not always provide the actual required information that the user actually want in a first attempt. So we can say that current search engine techniques provide the approximate output to the user. In this paper, we proposed a query classification technique by which we can improve the user query to make it more small, simple and more understandable. Such improved query will take a small fraction of time to execute over server and provide only the more actual required information to the user. Also we try to improve the pre-existing search engine algorithms to optimize the search result.