Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modélisation de la combustion du gaz naturel par réseaux de réacteurs avec cinétique chimique détaillée. (Modelling of natural gas combustion based on reactor networks with detailed chemical kinetics)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Modélisation de la combustion du gaz naturel par réseaux de réacteurs avec cinétique chimique détaillée Vincent Fichet
Thalidomide in multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma is an incurable bone marrow cancer, the treatment of which is notoriously difficult. Only modest advances have been achieved using complex polychemotherapeutic regimens, transplant strategies and supportive therapy. In 1999, when new drugs for myeloma were urgently needed, thalidomide was introduced and opened up a completely new line of therapy for the disease. Although the mechanism of action is not yet completely understood, thalidomide has demonstrated efficacy in patients with refractory, relapsed myeloma, even in late-stage cases. This article reviews the current knowledge of thalidomide in myeloma treatment, focusing especially on the possible mechanisms of action, clinical results and adverse events of this drug.
Antibiotics for Emerging Pathogens

Toward New Scaffolds Most existing antibiotics are derived from a small number of core molecular structures or scaffolds. As more and more pathogens emerge that are resistant to existing antibiotics, Fischbach and Walsh (p. 1089) review why renewed efforts must be made to find not only new antibiotics but new scaffolds. Approaches in the areas of natural products, synthesis, and target-based discovery are all yielding promising antibiotics candidates. The battle against resistance should also involve researching narrow-spectrum antibiotics and using combination therapies to extend the usefulness of drugs with high intrinsic resistance rates. Antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria are increasingly prevalent in hospitals and the community. New antibiotics are needed to combat these bacterial pathogens, but progress in developing them has been slow. Historically, most antibiotics have come from a small set of molecular scaffolds whose functional lifetimes have been extended by generations of synthetic tailoring. The emergence of multidrug resistance among the latest generation of pathogens suggests that the discovery of new scaffolds should be a priority. Promising approaches to scaffold discovery are emerging; they include mining underexplored microbial niches for natural products, designing screens that avoid rediscovering old scaffolds, and repurposing libraries of synthetic molecules for use as antibiotics.
Transport Augmentation Through the Blood-Inner Ear Barriers of Guinea Pigs Treated With 3-Nitropropionic Acid and Patients With Acute Hearing Loss, Visualized With 3.0 T MRI

Objective: To visualize the permeability changes in the blood-inner ear barriers of guinea pigs with acute mitochondria dysfunction and in patients with acute hearing loss using contrast agent-enhanced MRI. Materials and Methods: An animal model of acute mitochondria dysfunction-induced hearing loss was created by introducing 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) intratympanically in guinea pigs. Vestibular disorder and hearing loss were evaluated. An MRI was performed at 2 h after either intravenous (IV) or intratympanic administration of dimeglumine gadopentetate (Gd-DTPA), using 3D fast-recovery fast spin-echo (FRFSE) and 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences. The inner ears of patients with acute hearing loss were imaged using a 3D-FLAIR sequence with a 3 T MRI machine at 2 h post-IV injection with Gd-DTPA at a routine dosage. Results: Guinea pigs treated with 3-NP showed severe hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction. MR imaging with a 3D-FLAIR sequence at 2 h post-IV injection of Gd-DTPA was an optimal method for visualizing transport augmentation through the blood-inner ear barriers. Apoptosis appeared in the stria vascularis and Reissner's membrane of cochleae treated with 3NP. Similar MRI changes were observed in patients with SSHL and Ménière's disease 2 h post-IV injection with Gd-DTPA using the 3D-FLAIR sequence. Conclusion: Variations of Gd-DTPA transport through the blood-inner ear barriers induced by mitochondria toxin was visualized in guinea pigs using a clinical 3.0 T machine. IV injection of Gd-DTPA with 2 h of waiting time and imaging with 3D-FLAIR are optimal methods. The MRI observation of the inner ear in the animal model was translatable to patients with acute hearing loss, using an IV injection of Gd-DTPA at the routine dosage.
Low anthropometric measures and mortality—results from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Abstract Aim. To study the association between anthropometric measures: body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip-to-height ratio (WHHR), and A Body Shape Index (ABSI); to see if individuals in the lowest 5 percentiles for these measures have an increased risk of mortality. Methods. A population-based prospective cohort study (10,304 men and 16,549 women), the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDC), aged 45–73 years. Results. During a mean follow-up of 14 ± 3 years, 2,224 men and 1,983 women died. There was a significant increased mortality risk after adjustments for potential confounders in the group with the 5% lowest BMI (referent 25%–75%); hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals were 1.33 (1.10–1.61) for women and 1.27 (1.07–1.52) for men. A similar significant increased mortality risk was seen with the 5% lowest percent body fat, HR 1.31 (1.07–1.60) for women and 1.25 (1.04–1.50) for men. Women with an ABSI in the lowest 5 percentiles had a lower mortality risk HR 0.64 (0.48–0.85). Conclusion. These results imply that BMI or percent body fat could be used to identify lean individuals at increased mortality risk.
The effects of brood stock size on the economy of catfish ( Clarias anguillaris ) fry production using the hormone induced natural breeding technique

Eighty nine ripe female brooders of the catfish, Clarias anguillaris (Body weight. range: 150 1,200 g) were induced to spawn by hormone (Ovaprim ® ) induced natural spawning technique over a period of 10 weeks. Matching ripe males were used for pairing the females at the ratio of two males to a female. Six ranges of brood stock body weight were considered as follows: Clarias anguillaris fry and maximum return on investment, female brooders of body weights ranging between 400 599 g are recommended for hormone induced natural breeding exercises. (International exchange rate: N129.00/US$1.00 as at 01 April, 2006) Keywords : Clarias anguillaris , brood stock size, induced breeding, fry production Journal of Aquatic Sciences Vol. 21(1) 2006: 19-22
Maximal exercise capacity in adolescent European and Amerindian high-altitude natives.

Forty-seven highland natives were given maximal exercise tests on a treadmill ergometer at 3,600 m. The subjects were grouped into four subsamples on the basis of ethnicity (European vs. Aymara) and age (young vs. old adolescent). Two-way ANOVA indicated that VO2max adjusted for body size did not differ significantly between ethnic groups but was significantly larger in older than younger boys within each ethnic group (p less than .05). This finding does not support the hypothesis that Amerindian highland natives have adapted genetically to hypoxia but is consistent with the hypothesis that the relatively high VO2max's of highlanders are acquired by developmental adaptation. Several measures of ventilation and oxygen transport capacity differed significantly between ethnic groups, suggesting that growing European and Aymara boys may respond somewhat differently to the stress of high-altitude hypoxia. However, despite these differences, VO2max, an integrated measure of the overall functional capacity of the oxygen transport system, did not differ significantly between ethnic groups, suggesting that both groups are equally capable of meeting the body's oxygen requirements during maximal exercise at high altitude.
Bayesian Approach to Users' Perspective on Movie Genres

Movie ratings are crucial for recommendation engines that track the behavior of all users and utilize the information to suggest items the users might like. It is intuitively appealing that information about the viewing preferences in terms of movie genres is sufficient for predicting a genre of an unlabeled movie. In order to predict movie genres, we treat ratings as a feature vector, apply a Bernoulli event model to estimate the likelihood of a movie being assigned a certain genre, and evaluate the posterior probability of the genre of a given movie by using the Bayes rule. The goal of the proposed technique is to efficiently use movie ratings for the task of predicting movie genres. In our approach, we attempted to answer the question: “Given the set of users who watched a movie, is it possible to predict the genre of a movie on the basis of its ratings? ” The simulation results with MovieLens 1M data demonstrated the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed technique, achieving an 83.8% prediction rate for exact prediction and 84.8% when including correlated genres.
CHANGES OF THE CORNEA ENDOTHELIUM AFTER ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION

The rabbit cornea endothelium has been studied with specular and scanning electron microscopy after exposure with a commercially available ultraviolet lamp. The animals were plased 50 cm from the source, and most experiments were run with a 20 min exposure time. In the specular microscope, the endothelium revealed numerous circumscript reflex‐free areas, which were observed from 4 days up to 8 months after the irradiation. A wide varity of changes were found in the scanning electron microscope. One day after the exposure the cells showed indistinct outlines, and they were bulging into the anterior chamber. In some regions the pattern was dominated by marked grooves preferentially along the cell demarcations, whereas other regions showed rough surfaced cells because of cytoplasmic projections and grainy deposits. At the 3 days stage there was a marked pleomorphy, and some cells were on their way to being rejected. After one week the cobblestone appearance of the endothelium was about to decline. Partly rejected cells were still common. In addition, distinct, ringshaped local impressions occurred imitating the previous described grooves. This phenomenon along with some single endothelial cells studded with microvilli were the abnormal findings 8 months after the damage. It is concluded that although ultraviolet radiation is largely absorbed in the cornea, the threshold dose for damage of the endothelium is not beyond those used for practical purpose. The endothelium was surprisingly resistent towards repeated radiation damage.
Raumstrukturierungsprozesse von Grundschülern bei der Analyse von Bildern zu Würfelkonfigurationen : Fallstudien mit Augenbewegungsanalysen

Anhand einer Aufgabenstellung zum Erkennen raumlicher Beziehungen wird das Raumvorstellungsvermogen von Grundschulern exemplarisch untersucht. Dazu werden Prozesse der visuellen Informationsaufnahme und -verarbeitung von Grundschulkindern bei der Bestimmung der Anzahl an Wurfeln in zweidimensionalen Schragbildern von verschiedenen Wurfelkonfigurationen mit Hilfe der Augenbewegungsregistrierung aufgezeichnet. Diese fur die Mathematikdidaktik neuartige Methode wird durch Re-Interviews erganzt. Auf diese Weise sollen anhand von Fallstudien individuelle Strategien der raumlichen Strukturierung von zweidimensional dargestellten Wurfelkonfigurationen aufgezeigt werden, die sowohl auf unterschiedlich entwickeltem raumlichen Vorstellungsvermogen wie auch auf Kompetenz zur Anzahlerfassung basieren.
Lymphocyte interferon production and transformation after Herpes simplex infections in humans.

Antigen-stimulated lymphocyte transformation, as measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation, and interferon production were studied serially in humans after Herpes virus hominis (HSV) disease. Lymphocytes were isolated by filtration through a nylon fiber column and added to isologous macrophage cultures prepared 1 week previously. Macrophage-lymphocyte interaction was required for optimum interferon production. A selective increase in interferon production was associated with disease occurrence in some individuals. The increase in interferon production by lymphocytes was maximum between 2 and 6 weeks after disease. In contrast, lymphocyte transformation and serum antibody levels were similar throughout a 12-week period after disease and appeared to reflect prior immune status rather than acute infection. Some subjects with HSV disease failed to produce a detectable interferon response within the 2- to 6-week period after disease. In these individuals, lesion recurrence was more frequent when compared to subjects producing greater quantities of interferon after disease.
Image registration for PET/CT and CT images with particle swarm optimization

The objective of this research is to develop 2D/3D registration algorithm for PET/CT and CT or MR images acquired by different systems at different times. We matched two anatomical images first (one from PET/CT and the other from standalone CT or MR) that contains affluent anatomical information. Then we geometrically transformed PET image according to the result of transformation parameters calculated by previous step. We developed two stages of registration algorithm. The first stage is global registration. It is consists of 4 independent steps. After selection of reference and target images different data types and ROI of images have been normalized in the preprocessing step. As a next step, target image is geometrically transformed then the similarity between two images has been measured quantitatively. The optimization step updates transformation parameters to find the best matched parameter set efficiently. In second stage that is called fine adjustment, we introduce feature based registration algorithm. The features of each image slices are extracted by independent component analysis(ICA) and the extracted feature plane is used to measure the similarity. B-spline based freeform deformation is done to form a registered image as a final step. The result of proposed algorithm shows good agreement of images that between PET/CT to CT and PET/CT to MR. We will expand the application of the algorithm to different imaging modalities.
Assessment of Rural Farming Households WTP for Fertilizers and Agrochemicals in Kwawara State, Nigeria

Given the specific geographic and spatial location of rural areas in developing countries, to bring agrochemical to the rural farming households, it is argued, may have to come at a cost over and above the normal price it is sold in market. To this end, this work focuses on the willingness of rural farming households to pay more than the mean average regional retail price for agrochemicals in Kwara state, North Central Nigeria. Questionnaire was administered to 100 randomly sampled in the two agricultural development zones (ADP) in the study area. Descriptive statistics and the Logistic Binary Regression model were fitted to examine factors that influence respondents’ decision to pay more than the prevailing average prices for access to agrochemicals in the study area. Findings indicated a high level of awareness of agrochemical use and modal responses to quantities used include: fertilizers (41-50Kg/ha), herbicides (<10liters/ha), and pesticides (<10liters/ha) on the cultivation of yam, cassava and maize, which were the dominant arable crops in the study area. About 90% of the respondents purchase agrochemicals from their personal savings and less than 10% of the respondents got their agrochemicals from other sources (governmental, developmental agencies, ADP and farmers’ cooperative). Furthermore, 88% (p<0.01) of the respondents indicate willingness to pay more than the current average price to have access to agrochemicals and the logistic regression reveals that level of education (P<0.01), had a positive relationship with respondents’ to willingness to pay more for agrochemicals in the study area. Recommendations were made towards encouraging expanded use of agrochemicals throughenhanced marketing strategies that will facilitate contact of marketing agents to prospective customers located in the rural communities.
Ladder realizations of fast subband/VQ coders with diamond support for color images

A ladder implementation of a subband/vector quantization (VQ) coder is presented. The ladder realization significantly reduces the number of computations required to achieve the desired decomposition, compared to the separable system presented by R.E. Van Dyck and S.A. Rajala (see Proc. IEEE Visual Sig. Proc. Conf., p. 235-240, 1992). In this system, the low-pass subimage has a diamond orientation in order to more closely match the orientation of the human visual system. The reduction in computations is given, and coding results for color images are presented for different color spaces. <<ETX>>
Pigment Analysis of “Candidatus Chlorothrix halophila,” a Green Filamentous Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacterium

ABSTRACT The pigment composition of “Candidatus Chlorothrix halophila,” a filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium found in Baja California Sur, Mexico, was determined. Previous work showed that bacteriochlorophyll c (BChl c) was the major pigment in “Ca. Chlorothrix halophila,” but it was not clear if this bacterium also contains BChl a (J. A. Klappenbach and B. K. Pierson, Arch. Microbiol. 181:17-25, 2004). Here we show that in addition to BChl c, a small amount of a pigment that is spectrally indistinguishable from BChl a is present in cell extracts of “Ca. Chlorothrix halophila. ” Nevertheless, the BChl a-like pigment from “Ca. Chlorothrix halophila” has a different molecular weight and a different high-performance liquid chromatography elution time than BChl a from other photosynthetic bacteria. Based on mass spectrometry and other spectroscopic analysis, we determined that the BChl a-like pigment in “Ca. Chlorothrix halophila” contains a tetrahydrogeranylgeraniol tail rather than the phytol tail that is present in BChl a. The carotenoids and major BChl c homologs in “Ca. Chlorothrix halophila” were also identified. BChls c were found to be farnesol esterified and geranylgeraniol esterified.
Biology, Clinical Relevance, and Molecularly Targeted Therapy in Acute Leukemia with Flt3 Mutation

Overexpression and activating mutations of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are known to be involved in the pathophys-iology of several kinds of cancer cells. FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), together with KIT, FMS, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor, is a class III RTK. FLT3 mutations were first reported as internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ ITD) of the juxtamembrane domain-coding sequence; subsequently, a missense point mutation at the D835 residue and point mutations, deletions, and insertions in the codons surrounding D835 within a FLT3 tyrosine kinase domain (FLT3/KDMs) have been found. FLT3 mutations are the most frequent genetic alterations so far reported in acute myeloid leukemia and are involved in the signaling pathway of autonomous proliferation and differentiation block in leukemia cells. Several large-scale studies have confirmed that FLT3/ITD is strongly associated with leukocytosis and a poor prognosis.Therefore, routine screening for FLT3 mutations is recommended to stratify patients into distinct risk groups. However, because high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation cannot overcome the adverse effects of FLT3 mutations, the development of FLT3 kinase inhibitors is expected to produce a more efficacious therapeutic strategy for leukemia therapy.
microRNA-200b and microRNA-200c promote colorectal cancer cell proliferation via targeting the reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs

MicroRNA-200b and microRNA-200c (miR-200b/c) are 2 of the most frequently upregulated oncomiRs in colorectal cancer cells. The role of miR-200b/c during colorectal tumorigenesis, however, remains unclear. In the present study, we report that miR-200b/c can promote colorectal cancer cell proliferation via targeting the reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK). Firstly, bioinformatics analysis predicted RECK as a conserved target of miR-200b/c. By overexpressing or knocking down miR-200b/c in colorectal cancer cells, we experimentally validated that miR-200b/c are direct regulators of RECK. Secondly, an inverse correlation between the levels of miR-200b/c and RECK protein was found in human colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines. Thirdly, we demonstrated that repression of RECK by miR-200b/c consequently triggered SKP2 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 2) elevation and p27Kip1 (also known as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B) degradation in colorectal cancer cells, which eventually promotes cancer cell proliferation. Finally, promoting tumor cell growth by miR-200b/c-targeting RECK was also observed in the xenograft mouse model. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR-200b/c play a critical role in promoting colorectal tumorigenesis through inhibiting RECK expression and subsequently triggering SKP2 elevation and p27Kip1 degradation.
Cutaneous malignant melanoma.

Cutaneous malignant melanoma is a tumor derived from melanocytes present in the basal layer of the epidermis or from melanocytes within nevi. After malignant transformation, the melanoma cells acquire the ability to penetrate into the dermis and metastasize to the regional lymph nodes. Due to the increasing number of incidental cases, melanoma has become a disease of increasing clinical importance.
αvβ3 integrin associates with activated insulin and PDGFβ receptors and potentiates the biological activity of PDGF

Integrin‐mediated cell attachment modulates growth responses and growth factors regulate cell attachment. Moreover, both cell attachment to extracellular matrix and mitogenic signaling by growth factors are necessary for the proliferation of most types of normal cells, suggesting that integrin and growth factor receptor signaling pathways meet at some downstream point. We report here that a small, highly tyrosine‐phosphorylated fraction of PDGFβ and insulin receptors co‐immunoprecipitates with the αvβ3 integrin from cells. The integrin association requires growth factor stimulation of the receptors. Several signaling molecules that are known to be associated with activated growth factor receptors were present in the αvβ3 integrin complexes. Mitogenicity and chemotaxis induced by PDGF‐BB were enhanced in cells plated on the αvβ3 ligand vitronectin compared with cells plated on the β1 integrin ligand collagen. Thus, the engagement of the αvβ3 integrin in cell–matrix interactions appears to coordinate an intense response to growth factors, helping to explain the importance of this integrin for tissue regeneration, angiogenesis and tumor metastasis.
Functions of the primate hippocampus in spatial and nonspatial memory

In this article I consider the functions of the primate hippocampus, as shown by investigations in macaque monkeys. I consider whether the primate hippocampus is involved in nonspatial as well as spatial functions, the types of spatial information for which the hippocampus is required, how spatial information is represented by neuronal activity in the primate hippocampus, and the types of memory function to which hippocampal neuronal networks appear suited. More detailed analyses and references are provided by Kollr ( 1990).