Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TO CERTIFY OR NOT TO CERTIFY? DECOMPOSING THE ORGANIC PRODUCTION AND CERTIFICATION DECISIONS

Consumer demand for organic food has risen quickly over the past decade, triggered in part by the development and success of USDA’s organic regulatory program and label (Greene et al. 2009). This rise in demand has led to a shortage of organic products and strained organic supply chains. There is a need to increase the number of certified organic acres to meet this demand. The objective of this research is to decompose the decision to certify organic, by first identifying the factors that influence the decision to use organic practices then identifying the factors that influence organic producer’s decision to certify. A total of 1559 responses were collected from 4312 surveys sent out to fruit and vegetable growers participating in University of Illinois MarketMaker in 16 different states. Two Probit regressions were performed. The first regression was performed on a total of 1040 usable respondents to examine the significant factors in determining a producer’s decision to use organic practices. A second regression was performed with using the respondents who use organic practices to determine the significant factors in determining the producer’s decision to certify. The results from the first regression show that a producer’s philosophical beliefs and risk of losses due to disease, weeds, and insects has the largest impact on the decision to use organic practices. The results of the second regression show that the size of the producer is positively correlated with the decision to certify, and the process of certification is a barrier to certification. They also show that producers who indicated that direct market channels are their most economically important channels are less likely to certify.
COLUMN GENERATION FOR SCHEDULING SHIPMENTS WITHIN A SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORK WITH THE MINIMUM NUMBER OF VEHICLES

We consider the problem of scheduling a set of shipments between different nodes of a supply chain network. Each shipment has a fixed departure time, as well as an origin and a destination node, which, combined, determine the duration of the associated trip. The aim is to schedule as many shipments as possible, while also minimizing the number of vehicles utilized for this purpose. We develop an integer programming model and an associated branch and price solution algorithm for this problem. The optimal solution to the LP relaxation of the problem is obtained through column generation, a methodology for solving linear programs with a huge number of variables, without explicitly considering all of them. In the context of our application, the proposed methodology utilizes a master problem that schedules the maximum possible number of shipments using only a small set of vehicle-routes, and a column generation (colgen) sub-problem that generates cost-effective vehicle-routes which are fed into the master problem. The optimal solution to the colgen sub-problem is obtained with an efficient network optimization solution algorithm, which outperforms existing commercial optimization software packages that can be used alternatively for that purpose. After finding the optimal solution to the LP relaxation of the problem, the algorithm branches on the fractional decision variables (vehicle-routes), in order to reach the optimal integer solution. Special branching rules that expedite the algorithm’s performance are utilized for this purpose. We describe in detail the steps of the proposed solution algorithm, focusing on several problem aspects that have a strong influence on its performance. We conclude with limited computational results that demonstrate the algorithm’s performance on a particular case study, and a discussion of how various computational difficulties that can possibly arise can be handled.
Condensation Limits on Biphilic Surfaces

* Corresponding author: Tel. : +1-217-974-5658; Email: mkim194@illinois.edu 1. Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA 2. Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA 3. International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan
Optimizing Variational Graph Autoencoder for Community Detection

Variational Graph Autoencoders (VGAE) has recently been a popular framework of choice for learning representations on graphs. Its inception has allowed models to achieve state-of-the-art performances for challenging tasks such as link prediction, rating prediction and node clustering. However, a fundamental flaw exists in Variational Autoencoder (VAE) based approaches. Specifically, the objective function of VAE (reconstruction loss), deviates from its primary objective (i.e clustering). In this paper, we attempt to address this issue by introducing two significant changes to Variational Graph Autoencoder for Community Detection (VGAECD). Firstly, we introduce a simplified graph convolution encoder to increase convergence speed and reduce computational time. Secondly, a dual variational objective is introduced to encourage learning of the primary objective. The outcome is a faster converging model with competitive community detection performance.
Acute mesenteric ischemia: The what, why, and when?

Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a complex clinical problem with a high mortality. The mortality associated with AMI has declined steadily over the last three decades. This is due to higher index of suspicion among clinicians, advances in radiographic diagnostic modalities, aggressive surgical approach, endovascular intervention, nutritional supplementation, and better perioperative care. Early diagnosis and prompt, effective treatment are essential to improve the clinical outcome. This article reviews the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, management, and outcomes of AMI.
CCM-SLAM: Robust and Efficient Centralized Collaborative Monocular SLAM for Robotic Teams

Robotic collaboration promises increased robustness and efficiency of missions with great potential in applications, such as search-and-rescue and agriculture. Multi-agent collaborative Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) is right at the core of enabling collaboration, such that each agent can co-localize in and build a map of the workspace. The key challenges at the heart of this problem, however, lie with robust communication, efficient data management and effective sharing of information amongst the agents. To this end, here we present CCM-SLAM, a centralized, collaborative SLAM framework for robotic agents, each equipped with a monocular camera, a communication unit and a small processing board. With each agent able to run visual odometry onboard, CCM-SLAM ensures their autonomy as individuals, while a central server with potentially bigger computational capacity enables their collaboration by collecting all their experiences, merging and optimizing their maps or disseminating information back to them, where appropriate. An in-depth analysis on benchmarking datasets addresses the scalability and the robustness of CCM-SLAM to information loss and communication delays commonly occurring during real missions. This reveals that in the worst case of communication loss, collaboration is affected, but not the autonomy of the agents. Finally, the practicality of the proposed framework is demonstrated with real flights of three small aircraft equipped with different sensors and computational capabilities onboard and a standard laptop as the server, collaboratively estimating their poses and the scene on the fly. Supplementary Material Video — https://youtu.be/P3b7UiTlmbQ Code — https://github.com/VIS4ROB-lab/ccm_slam
hrough the kaleidoscope: Perspectives on cultural change within an integrated nformation systems environment

The study of information systems and their influence on organisational culture is a complex and highly contested area of research which has been the subject of much theorising. This paper intends to add to the debate through a longitudinal case study of an integrated information system implementation undertaken within a large UK university. The system known as SITS (Strategic Information Technology
Noninvasive Glucose Measurement Using Machine Learning and Neural Network Methods and Correlation with Heart Rate Variability

Diabetes is one of today’s greatest global problems, and it is only becoming bigger. Constant measuring of blood glucose level is a prerequisite for monitoring glucose blood level and establishing diabetes treatment procedures. The usual way of glucose level measuring is by an invasive procedure that requires finger pricking with the lancet and might become painful and obeying, especially if this becomes a daily routine. In this study, we analyze noninvasive glucose measurement approaches and present several classification dimensions according to different criteria: size, invasiveness, analyzed media, sensing properties, applied method, activation type, response delay, measurement duration, and access to results. We set the focus on using machine learning and neural network methods and correlation with heart rate variability and electrocardiogram, as a new research and development trend.
Practical New Developments on BREACH

We propose newmethods to practically extend the BREACH attack against the most commonly used ciphers. We describe a command-and-control technique to exploit plain HTTP connections in order to perform the attack in a persistent manner. We also present new statistical methods that can be used to bypass noise induced by the usage of block ciphers, as well as noise present in usual web applications. In that direction, we developed a new framework, Rupture, to explore parallelization and optimization techniques. Finally, we propose novel mitigation techniques that could effectively eliminate this attack.
Simulation of the Transition Phase for an Optimally-Controlled Tethered VTOL Rigid Aircraft for AirborneWind Energy Generation

Airborne wind energy (AWE) is an innovative renewable energy technology, with the potential to substantially reduce the cost of energy. This paper introduces a solution for one of the main challenges of AWE systems, which is the automated reliable launching of the airborne system component. Our launch system configuration consists of a rigid-wing flying object (aircraft) equipped with a VTOL subsystem and launched vertically, with the fuselage also directed vertically. We formulate the Transition phase as an optimal control problem, so as to determine the optimal control inputs which constitute the control surface deflections and the thrust force; which steers the aircraft from hovering with its nose upwards to forward flight. Subsequently, we simulate the trajectory for two cases of optimality; (a) minimizing the power consumption and (b) minimizing the endurance, during this phase. Choosing the case of minimizing power is more reasonable for our application, as the time interval difference between the two cases is almost 3 seconds only, but with a huge difference in the power consumed. We present a detailed mathematical analysis of the system followed by extensive simulation results.
Uniformity Correlation of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs grown on 3-inch SiC Substrates

AlGaN/GaN HEMT devices are of high commercial and defense interest for microwave amplification purposes because of their ability to provide significantly higher power density and bandwidth compared to conventional GaAs-based HEMTs. For commercial production of the HEMTs, it is very important to obtain a high degree of performance uniformity for the devices fabricated over a 3-inch diameter (larger in future) substrate. At the present state-of the-art, the non-uniformity of device performance metrics over a full 3” wafer is too high to achieve yield required for commercial realization of the technology. To achieve the high degree of uniformity in device performance, it is essential to understand the source of variation that exists in various structural components of the devices as they are fabricated using standard technology and also the effect of each of these variations on the device performance.
Journal of Anatolian Medical Research 2016;1:1-8

Aim: Polycythemia is a disease state in which the proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells increases. Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) is a non-invasive ultrasound method of evaluating endothelial function. The aim of this prospective study was to compare the systemic endothelial functions by FMD method in patients with polycythemia with control group. Method: The present study included 50 patients with polycythemia (hemoglobin (Hb) ≥16.5 g/dl) and 61 healthy control group aged ≥ 18 years at Kayseri Education and Research Hospital were included. In all individuals, the following laboratory evaluations were performed: complete blood count (CBC), serum iron indices, and routine biochemical tests. Also, all participants underwent the FMD study at Cardiology department with Doppler ultrasound. Results: The results of 111 participants were analyzed. No significant difference was found between the groups with regard to age, gender, body mass index, hypertension and diabetes mellitus rates (p>0.05). On the other hand, the rate of smoking was 76% in the polycythemia group, while it was 36.1% in the control group (p<0.005). Likewise, Hb, hematocrit and serum lipid parameters were significantly increased in polycythemia group except high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p<0.001). Also, FMD was significantly reduced in polycythemia group compared with control group (7.78 ± 4.83% vs. 10.98 ± 7.86%, respectively) (p= 0.010). Journal of Anatolian Medical Research 2016;1:1-8 2 Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that polycythemia is associated with endothelial dysfunction and hyperlipidemia. As the noninvasive ultrasound method for peripheral endothelial testing is generally accurate and reproducible, and can be performed serially, FMD can be used safely in patients with polycythemia to evaluation of endothelial functions.
requests in elicited vs . naturally produced emails : A comparative study of Hungarian EFL speakers ’ request realization in student-to-faculty emails

This paper analyzes interlanguage requests of different degrees of imposition produced by Hungarian advanced EFL students in elicited vs. spontaneously written emails to their teacher. Eighty-one requests written by 46 students were collected to constitute the natural email data. The other dataset comprised 78 requests elicited from the email writers through an email-like written discourse completion test (WDCT). Requests in the spontaneously produced emails and the elicited texts were analyzed in term of length, level of directness, internal modification, supportive moves, and request perspectives. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and Chi-square test were performed on both datasets to investigate the differences. Although WDCT is considered the most commonly used data collection instrument in interlanguage pragmatics due to its numerous advantages, its validity and reliability have often been questioned when compared to naturalistic data. The present study, besides shedding light on Hungarian EFL learners’ request patterns drawing on data gathered through diverse sources also aims to add to the understanding of to what extent elicited data approximates naturalistic data in an interlanguage speech act research context The results show that participants generated significantly longer request sequences in their spontaneous emails than in the WDCT emails, while using similar patterns of internal syntactic modification and supportive moves. Internal lexical modification, especially the use of the marker please appeared significantly more often in naturalistic data than in WDCT. As regards the realization of low vs. highimposition requests the analysis found various statistically significant differences with regard to strategy type and request modification.
Online deception and situations conducive to the progression of non-payment fraud

ABSTRACT Adopting the criminal event perspective, we explore how online fraudsters make use of urgency cues in their interactions with potential victims throughout the progression of an online nonpayment fraud attempt. Integrating claims from the ‘Interpersonal-Deception Theory’ with situational explanations of crime, we investigate whether fraudsters’ presentations of verbal cues of urgency during the early stages of a criminal event are followed by a consistent presentation of verbal and non-verbal urgency cues. To answer this question, we posted a large number of ‘for-sale’ advertisements over a classified-ad website and interacted with online fraudsters and legitimate users who responded to our ads over email. Our findings highlight the relevance of the criminal event perspective in guiding research on targets and offenders in cyberspace.
Sevelamer hydrochloride use in a toddler

塩酸セベラマーは非吸収性のリン (P) 吸着ポリマーである. 血清カルシウム (Ca) 濃度を上昇させることなく血清P値の低下が期待できるため成人領域では広く使用されているが, 小児における報告は少なく, 2歳以下の乳幼児における報告はない. 1歳8か月の女児に対して塩酸セベラマーを投与したので, 報告する. 症例は右腎無形成および左低形成腎のため腎不全となり, 生後9か月時, 腹膜透析 (PD) に導入した. 保存期より高P血症, 高Ca血症を認め腎性くる病を合併していたが, 活性型ビタミンD3製剤およびカルシウム製剤の投与は困難であった. PD開始後も血清Ca値, 血清P値のコントロールは得られず, Ca×P積高値が持続した. 短期的なアルミニウムゲル製剤を使用した後, 塩酸セベラマーを投与した. 塩酸セベラマー開始後は, 血清Ca値を上昇することなく血清P値の低下が得られ, Ca×P積の低下が得られた. 投与前後で血清総コレステロール値および血清重炭酸イオン値の低下を認めた. 投与に際して錠剤を粉砕投与したが, 効果は確認された. ミルクへの撹拌注入は沈殿を生じた. 6Fr. 栄養カテーテルでは閉塞をきたしたが, 8Fr. 栄養カテーテルでは閉塞は認めなかった. 便性の変化による排便時の不機嫌が出現したが, 水分摂取量の増加により改善した.
On the efficient detection of elephant flows in aggregated network traffic

Studies have shown than best-effort delivery in Internet is not suitable for all traffic, where usually a few flows carry most of the data. This is commonly refered to as “elephant and mice phenomenon”. The performance of the network can be improved detecting the elephant flows and applying traffic engineering solutions. However, current detection methods are not scalable or detect the elephant flows in a later than desirable. In this paper we describe the importance and applications of elephant detection. Then we analyze real traffic data, collected by NLANR, to study the properties of elephant and mice flows. This analysis shows that the elephants are both heavy tailed and have a low mean packet interarrival time. These properties allow us to design a low computational cost, scalable detection method based on sampling windows. We present the method and some results obtained by its application.
LEPTIN AND TNF-ALPHA LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO NUTRITIONAL PARAMETERS KOAH HASTALARINDA LEPTİN VE TNF ALFA DÜZEYLERİ VE BUNLARIN

Results: Leptin levels were significantly higher in patients with exacerbation than in both stabledisease and control groups. Leptin levels were significantly correlated with the nutritional parameters in stable groups. However, in patients with acute exacerbation, a correlation between leptin and nutritional parameters was not found. There was no significant relationship between TNF-α and nutritional parameters in the three groups. While there was no correlation between serum TNF-α and leptin levels in COPD patients and ÖZET SUMMARY
Immunosurveillance and Immunoediting of Lung Cancer: Current Perspectives and Challenges

The immune system plays a dual role in tumor evolution—it can identify and control nascent tumor cells in a process called immunosurveillance and can promote tumor progression through immunosuppression via various mechanisms. Thus, bilateral host-protective and tumor-promoting actions of immunity are integrated as cancer immunoediting. In this decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors, specifically programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) pathway inhibitors, have changed the treatment paradigm of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These agents are approved for the treatment of patients with NSCLC and demonstrate impressive clinical activity and durable responses in some patients. However, for many NSCLC patients, the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors is limited. To optimize the full utility of the immune system for eradicating cancer, a broader understanding of cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting is essential. In this review, we discuss the fundamental knowledge of the phenomena and provide an overview of the next-generation immunotherapies in the pipeline.
Geometric Algebra and Its Applications to Physics

In this report for the seminar course in theoretical physics at KTH I give a short introduction to Geometric Algebra and one of its powerful developments, Geometric Calculus. I also discuss one of the most successful applications to physics, the spacetime algebra, which finally results in a compact formulation of Maxwell’s equations in the setting of relativistic electrodynamics.
EVALUATION OF VISIBILITY PHENOMENON IN CLEARANCES OF CLUTTER IN THE SHORT-RANGE RADAR

This work considers methods of pinpoint targets visibility improvement against the background of an underlying surface and terrain features with respect to advanced radars in case of increasing a spatial resolution. There have been revealed peculiarities of a radar image which are characteristic of short-range radars with a high spatial resolution. This work also illustrates the phenomenon of interclutter visibility (IV) for a practically important case of clutter from an underlying surface; it also introduced a quantitative evaluation (measure) of such phenomenon.
IJSRD-International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 3, Issue 01, 2015 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613

Filtering is widely used in the image and video processing application for various technology. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology has become a viable target for the implementation of real-time algorithms is suitable for the video image processing applications In this paper a explicit image filter called guided filter is proposed to remove the noise in images smoothing and sharpening of images . We proposed the systolic array architecture for modified guided filter. The guided filter is derived from the local linear model computing the filtered output by considering the content of guided image can be the input image or different image. The guided filter can be using as the edge preserving smoothing operator. Transfer the structure of filtering image to the filtering output enabling and filtering application like dehazing and guided feathering. Computer vision and computer graphics applications, include edge-aware smoothing, HDR compression, image matting. Avoid halo effect using the weighted least square filter. FPGA can be used to implement any logical function that an ASIC could perform. VLSI Implementation for modified guided filter to achieve the high speed, low power consumption and reduce area.