Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Species diversity and distribution of mangroves in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

Abstract Despite extensive studies on mangrove ecosystems of Andaman and Nicobar Islands since the 1870s, knowledge of exact species composition is far from complete, and there is a lack of comprehensive locality data. The present study was designed to review the existing literature and to provide an updated checklist of the true mangrove species of the Islands. Preliminary surveys were carried out in seven regions (four from the Andaman group and three from the Nicobar group), and the specific survey sites for detailed study (n=51) were selected based on representativeness, importance, and accessibility. During 2009–2013, all the selected sites were visited, and mangrove species occurrence was recorded. At present, 25 true mangrove species distributed among 10 families and 14 genera were identified vis-à-vis 17 to 36 species reported in earlier studies. The discernible changes in species numbers from earlier studies could mainly be attributed to our exclusion of associated littoral vegetation and of species unlikely to be present among the true mangroves of the Islands. Given their limited geographical area, the low similarity index values between the Andaman and Nicobar Island groups (≤0.4) indicate a need for periodical surveys, as mangrove biodiversity is usually homogenous in regions where there are no impassable dispersal barriers. Further, regular updating of information on the extent and status of mangroves in the Islands is imperative not only to improve our understanding of phytogeography but also for better management and conservation.
Impact of Psycho-Demographic Factors on Smartphone Purchase Decisions

The success of e-commerce depends significantly on having an understanding of online consumer decision making and behavior. The purpose of this study is to understand the influence of psycho-demographic factors on the purchasing decisions taken by young technology-literate consumers while purchasing smartphones. We used a structured questionnaire to collect data from a random sample of senior bachelor level students across a sample frame of international universities with online programs located in the USA and India. Nonparametric statistical techniques, such as Chi-square test of independence, cluster analysis, Spearman correlation, logistic regression, and discriminant analysis were used for testing the hypotheses. The three hypotheses on the association between gender, age, and income level were rejected while the remaining two hypotheses on the association of ethnicity and psycho-demographic factors were supported. The findings of this study will assist marketing managers in targeting segments of young technology-literate online consumers intending to purchase smartphones.
The Innovation of Ideological and Political Education in a Perspective of Subliminal Message Technology

Enhancement and innovation of ideological and political education are strategically significant to achieve the great revival of Chinese nation. As subliminal messages are hidden and can be used to influence people imperceptibly, we try to apply it to ideological and political education in higher education institutions, and evaluate its effectiveness by carrying out series of experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that, after three months, the degrees of approval of students in experimental group improve greatly. It can be concluded that subliminal message technology is effective in ideological and political education.
Measurement Model of Smart Factory Technology in Manufacturing Fields based on IIoT and CPS

Smart factory in manufacturing industry has driven as a critical manufacturing industry policy in the 4th industrial revolution. Manufacturing industry has also built its smart technology environment appropriate for its manufacturing fields in order to improve its production activity and competitiveness. Its smart factory is very crucial for its innovative production and business activities, and for the efficient advancement of its performance. For managing and upgrading smart factory, an objective measurement framework has to be developed to reasonably gauge a smart factory technology of manufacturing fields. The trends of smart factory technology have generally been researched as major technologies such as IIoT and CPS. This research develops a measurement framework for the smart factory technology of manufacturing fields based on IIoT and CPS technologies. The measurement model for a smart factory technology consists of IIoT and CPS measurement domains. Each measurement domain has three or four measurement factors with twelve or sixteen measurement items. Hence, this study presents a measurement model that can gauge the smart factory technology of manufacturing fields with two measurement domains, seven measurement factors, and twenty-eight measurement items in a smart factory technology perspective.
IN VITRO SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND REGENERATION OF SOMATIC EMBRYOS FROM PIGMENTED CALLUS OF KAPPAPHYCUS ALVAREZII (DOTY) DOTY (RHODOPHYTA, GIGARTINALES) 1

In vitro somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of somatic embryos to whole plants through micropropagules was successfully demonstrated from pigmented uniseriate filamentous callus of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty in axenic cultures. More than 80% of the explants cultured on 1.5% (w/v) agar‐solidified Provasoli enriched seawater (PES) medium showed callus development. The callus induction rate was consistently higher for laboratory‐adapted plants. The excised callus grew well in subcultures and maintained its growth for prolonged periods if transferred to fresh medium in regular intervals. Some subcultured calli (<10%) did undergo transformation and produced densely pigmented spherical or oval‐shaped micropropagules (1–5 mm in diameter) that subsequently developed into young plantlets in liquid PES medium. The micropropagule production was further improved through somatic embryogenesis by a novel method of culturing thin slices of pigmented callus with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or a mixture of NAA and 6‐benzylaminopurine. Transfer of embryogenic callus along with tiny somatic embryos to liquid medium and swirling on orbital shaker facilitated rapid growth and morphogenesis of somatic embryos into micropropagules that grew into whole plants in subsequent cultivation in the sea. The daily growth rate of one tissue cultured plant was monitored for seven generations in field and found to be as high as 1.5–1.8 times over farmed plants. The prolific somatic embryogenesis together with high germination potential of somatic embryos observed in this study offers a promising tool for rapid and mass clonal production of seed stock of Kappaphycus for commercial farming.
Variability sources of crude protein and organic matter degradability values measured in situ for testing the dependence of nutritive value of lucerne on the stage of maturity

Zusammenfassung Variabilitastsfaktoren fur die Abbaubarkeit von Rohprotein und organischer Substanz, gemessen in situ, in Abhangigkeit von verschiedenen Reifestadien bei Luzerne Es wurden signifikante Unterschiede (P 0,05). Luzerne wurde in 15 verschiedenen Vegetationsstadien vom 9. bis zum 109. Tag der Vegetation geerntet und nach dem “Mean Stage by Weight”-System (MSW) klassifiziert. Bei einer ermittelten Variabilitaat von s = 13,3 wurden 10 Wiederholungen notwendig, um eine verlasliche Differenz der in situ Abbaubarkeit des Rohproteins aus zwei folgenden Proben (2,28 %) bestimmen zu konnen. Die Abbaubarkeit von CP und PDI (im Darm verdaubares CP) verminderte sich linear mit der Steigerung des MSW. Die Abbaubarkeit der OM und der NEL-Gehalt erniedrigte sich in Form einer quadratischen Funktion.
Impact of Morphine on Viability of MCF-7 and T47D Breast Cancer Cells

Morphine, a highly potent analgesic, is prescribed for the treatment of severe pain associated with cancer. Several in vitro and animal studies suggest that morphine is involved both in promoting and inhibiting tumor growth. Our aim was to test the outcome of adding morphine to the culture media of cells from two of the most widely used breast cancer cell lines. MCF-7 and T47D cells were seeded into 96-well microplates and cultured for 24 hours in MEM and RPMI-1640 media respectively. Afterwards, cells were exposed for 24, 48 or 72 hours to media containing morphine at the following concentrations: 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 μM. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT colorimetric method. After exposure of MCF-7 cells to morphine for 24 and 48 hours, viability was similar to the control while, after 72 hours, this parameter was significantly enhanced at 0.75 μM and 1 μM. Survival of T47D cells in the first 24 hours was significantly (p<0.05) increased by the presence of 1 μM morphine, while an increased exposure time did not improve the outcome. Our results show that morphine can increase viability of breast cancer cells, depending on concentration, exposure time and cell origin.
Assessment of Trace Elements and Human Health Risk Present in Wines Obtained in the Region of Dealurile Munteniei and Dealurile Moldovei Vineyards

The primary objectives of this research were to determine the concentration of some inorganic trace components, to evaluate the concentration levels of these in Romanian wines by daily consumption of wine and the health risk of inorganic trace components intake at these rates form Romanian wine. The results indicated that the concentration levels of inorganic components in red wine decreased in the order Zn>Mn>Cr>Cu>Ni>Pb>Co>Cd, in case of white wine decreased in the order Zn>Mn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Pb>Co>Cd. Based on a 60-kilogram adult person, and moderate consumption of 200 milliliters of wine/day, the estimated daily intake of these inorganic components from wines was well below the daily allowance. The target hazard quotient suggests that the exposed humans would not experience significant health risks when ingesting these individual elements from daily consumption of 200 milliliters of Romanian wines/day.
Determination of Potentially Novel Compensatory Mutations in rpoC Associated with Rifampin Resistance and rpoB Mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates from Peru

Background: Rifampicin (RIF) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is frequently caused by mutations in the rpoB gene. These mutations are associated with a fitness cost, which can be overcome by compensatory mutations in other genes, among which rpoC may be the most important. We analyzed 469 Peruvian M. tuberculosis clinical isolates to identify compensatory mutations in rpoC/rpoA associated with RIF resistance. Methods: The M. tuberculosis isolates were collected and tested for RIF susceptibility and spoligotyping. Samples were sequenced and aligned to the reference genome to identify mutations. By analyzing the sequences and the metadata, we identified a list of rpoC mutations exclusively associated with RIF resistance and mutations in rpoB. We then evaluated the distribution of these mutations along the protein sequence and tridimensional structure. Results: One hundred and twenty-five strains were RIF susceptible and 346 were resistant. We identified 35 potential new compensatory mutations, some of which were distributed on the interface surface between rpoB and rpoC, arising in clusters and suggesting the presence of hotspots for compensatory mutations. Conclusion: This study identifies 35 putative novel compensatory mutations in the β' subunit of M. tuberculosis RNApol. Six of these (S428T, L507V, A734V, I997V, and V1252LM) are considered most likely to have a compensatory role, as they fall in the interaction zone of the two subunits and the mutation did not lead to any change in the protein's physical–chemical properties.
Isolation, Serotyping, and Antibiogram of Salmonella Isolates from Raw Milk Sold at Retail Vending in Erbil City, Iraq

Pathogenic strains of Salmonella cause gastroenteritis in humans globally.This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Salmonellain raw milk sold in Erbil city, Kurdistanregion, Iraq. A total of 470 samples were collected from retail vendors between January and June 2019. Samples were cultured on selective media followed by serotyping and antibiotic sensitivity testing by disk diffusion assay.The results revealed that the overall prevalence of Salmonella was 7.9%. The isolates belonged to nine (9) different serotypes: S.Typhimurium 18.9%, S.Anatum 10.8%, S.Muenchen 13.6%, S.Enteritidis 10.8%, S.Senftenberg 8.1%, S. Newport 10.8%, S. Arizona 10.8%, S. Montevideo 8.1%, and S.Dublin 8.1%. The antibiotic resistance profile revealed that 67.6%, 62.2%, 56.8%,and 56.8% of isolates were resistant to levofloxacin, streptomycin, imipenem, and tetracycline respectively. This resistance among Salmonella maypose a public health threat that needs activesafety measures and response.
Levels and determinants of knowledge about chronic migraine diagnosis and management among primary health-care physicians in ministry of health, Jeddah 2019

Background: Chronic migraine (CM) poses a significant burden for patients, and it has multiple diagnostic and managemental challenges, particularly among primary health-care physicians (PCPs). Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the levels of knowledge regarding CM diagnosis and management among PCPs and to explore the factors associated with poor knowledge. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among PCPs working at primary health-care centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A semi-structured questionnaire comprising 20 items related to CM diagnosis and treatment was used. Results: A total of 136 PCPs responded (aged 36.4 ± 8.1, 68.4% were females). The overall median (P75) knowledge score was 13.0 (15.0), and 45.6% of the participants had adequate knowledge (score > median). The majority of respondents (>50%) could not identify the lower limits of CM duration, the necessity of identifying at least eight migraine attacks in a month, the importance of managing medication overuse, and the indication of topiramate as the most efficacious agent in CM. Young physicians (23–35 years), bachelor graduates, general practitioners (GPs), and those having ≤5 years of experience scored lower than their peers. Physicians with 6–10 years of clinical experience were independently more knowledgeable than less-experienced PCPs (odds ratio = 5.09, P = 0.006). Conclusion: Knowledge regarding CM diagnosis and treatment was inadequate among PCPs, which could detrimentally influence the patterns of referral to secondary health-care facilities. Given these observations, it is recommended to amend the academic curricula for medical students/GPs and adopt continuing medical education programs for PHPs to support their levels of knowledge.
Detection of Ccctc-Binding Sequence Factor at Herpes Simplex Virus Type II Binding Site Sequence

Detecting the binding site sequence of CCCTC- binding sequence factor (CTCF) on herpes simplex virus type II (Herps Simplex Virus, HSV-2), and successfully constructing an animal latent infection model of HSV-2; To provide a research model for the study of latent relapse mechanism of HSV-2 and the mechanism of action of latent infection sites. vero cells were infected with HSV-2 VR734 virus strain. After cell transfection was completed, the supernatant was collected from the disrupted cells and the titer was determined. BABL/c mice were infected by corneal scratch injection, and their growth status, morbidity and mortality were observed by culture. The trigeminal and sacral ganglion tissues of mice were collected and q-PCR was used to detect the expression of LAT transcription factor and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the virus infection. Immunocoprecipitation experiment (CHIP) was carried out on the nerve tissue, and the binding site sequence was obtained by comparing the virus genome of HSV-2 through bioinformatics. The binding site sequence of CTCF in herpes simplex virus type II was successfully verified and the new binding site sequence was determined. The infected mice showed obvious pathological changes and incubation period. HSV-2 DNA was successfully detected in the infected trigeminal ganglia tissue, the relative expression of LAT transcription factor doubled, and the immunohistochemical results of the infected trigeminal ganglia tissue were positive. Conclusion The animal model of latent infection of HS V-2 was successfully established, and the binding site sequence of CTCF on HSV- 2 was successfully verified.
Growth parameters in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.): effects of live weight and water temperature

Abstract The voluntary feed intake (VFI) and growth rate of sea bass were studied for 147 days, based on different starting live weights, under natural photoperiods and varied water temperatures. Sea bass (n = 720) were divided into five weight classes (60–70, 90–110, 130–150, 160–180 and 230–250 g) and distributed among 20 tanks. Seven different water temperatures were compared: 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28 and 31 °C. A commercial extruded diet (N x 6.25, 43.7% DM; crude fat, 25.7% DM) was used. The trial was performed in a closed-circuit plant, with a daily water turnover rate of 10%. Each tank was fitted with an apparatus for collecting the uneaten food. Automatic feeders distributed equal amounts of food for ten meals per day. The daily food allowance was adjusted, based on fish biomass, to permit ad libitum feeding and to leave approximately 20% uneaten. Fish were exposed to natural photoperiod (March-July). Non-linear regression equations were used to calculate the best-fitting curves for the data.
Treatment of COVID‐19 with pentoxifylline: Could it be a potential adjuvant therapy?

The world is facing a viral pandemic of a new coronavirus called COVID‐19. Pentoxifylline is a methyl‐xanthine derivative and it inhibits the phosphodiesterase IV (PDE IV). This drug is known for its unique features as an immunomodulatory and anti‐inflammatory agent, also it could have antiviral affects. This is a scoping review, in which all related articles on COVID‐19 and the probable benefits of Pentoxifylline against COVID‐19 pathogenesis, in Medline, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar up to 20 March 2020 with proper keywords including: pentoxifylline, Pentoxil, COVID‐19, coronavirus, treatment, anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antifibrosis, oxygenation, circulation, bronchodilator, ARDS, and organ failure. We found many confirmatory data on proper efficacy of pentoxifylline on controlling COVID‐19 and its consequences. The antiviral, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidative, immune‐modulatory, bronchodilator and respiratory supportive effects and protective roles in organ failures of PTX, along with its main functions means better circulation‐oxygenation properties, low price and safety, make it a promising drug to be considered for COVID‐19 treatment, especially as an adjuvant therapy in combination with other drugs.
Acute and Short-Term Response to Different Loading Conditions During Resisted Sprint Training.

PURPOSE To analyze the acute and short-term physical and metabolic responses to resisted sprint training with 5 different loading conditions (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% body mass). METHODS Fifteen male participants performed 8 × 20-m sprints with 2-minute rests between sprints with 5 different loading conditions. Subjects performed a battery of tests (creatine kinase and lactate concentrations, countermovement jump, 20-m sprint, and isokinetic knee extension and flexion contractions) at 3 different time points (preexercise [PRE], postexercise [POST], and 24-h postexercise [POST24H]). RESULTS Results revealed significant increases in blood lactate for all loading conditions; however, as sled loadings increased, higher blood lactate concentrations and increments in sprint times during the training session were observed. Significant increases in creatine kinase concentration were observed from PRE to POST24H for all loading conditions. Concerning physical performance, significant decreases in countermovement-jump height from PRE to POST were found for all loading conditions. In addition, significant decreases in 20-m sprint performance from PRE to POST were observed for 0% (P = .05) and 80% (P = .02). No significant differences with PRE were observed for the physical-performance variables at POST24H, except for 20% load, which induced a significant decrease in mean power during knee flexion (P = .03). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the higher the load used during resisted sprint training, the higher the physical-performance impairments and metabolic response produced, although all loading conditions led to a complete recovery of sprint performance at POST24H.
Histopathological changes in the olfactory organ of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) induced by early chronic exposure to a sublethal copper concentration

Sequential histopathological changes related to a long-term sublethal copper exposure were investigated in the olfactory organ of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (formerly Salmo gairdneri Richardson, 1836). Fish were continuously exposed to an average copper level of 22 μg/L from the 14th day after fertilization (embryo group) or from hatching (alevin group) for a period of 41 and 37 weeks, respectively. A control group was reared in well water. Specimens of the exposed and the control groups were sacrificed every month for histological examination by light microscopy. Morphological alterations were identical in both embryo and alevin groups and appeared at the same posthatching periods. The first change, noted from the 8th week posthatch, was an increase in goblet cells. Epithelial lesions, which looked like patches of necrotic tissue randomly distributed in the olfactory sheet, were reported from the 28th week posthatch. From the 32nd week, cellular shrinkage related to degeneration and necrosis of i.
Effect of Palatability on Voluntary Feed Intake by Sheep. II.* The Effect of Altering the Palatability of a Wheaten Hay on Long-term Intake and Preference

The effect of either an increase or a decrease in palatability on both long-term intake and preference for a wheaten hay was studied using two groups of sheep. Quantitative assessments of palatability confirmed that it was possible either to increase the palatability of 17 mm length hay by treating it with a combination of butyric acid plus monosodium glutamate or to decrease the palatability of 6 mm length hay by treating it with MgO. The voluntary intake of hay treated with butyric acid plus monosodium glutamate was 10% higher than that of the untreated hay when offered singly to sheep over 25 days. The increase in intake of the treated hay was associated with an increase in the apparent fractional rate of digestion in the rumen. There was no difference in voluntary intake between hay treated with MgO and untreated hay, even though there was a reduction in the apparent digestibility of the treated hay. The addition of MgO resulted in a decrease in the apparent fractional rate of digestion in the rumen which was compensated for by an increase in rumen digesta load. The palatability of a forage did affect its long-term preference, as determined by offering treated and untreated forages together in separate containers for 25 days. The sheep demonstrated a preference for hay treated with butyric acid plus monosodium glutamate (77 cf. 23%) and an aversion to hay treated with MgO (23 cf. 77%). The results indicated that palatability had little effect on the voluntary intake of a wheaten hay when it was offered as the sole forage to sheep. However, when offered a choice between forages, animals consumed significantly more of the more palatable forage.