Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combinational Auction-Based Service Provider Selection in Mobile Edge Computing Networks

Via processing the computation intensive applications (apps) at the network edge, mobile edge computing (MEC) becomes a promising technology to enhance the ability of the user equipments (UEs). Most existing works usually focus on whether to offload or where to offload the apps under the premise that sufficient resources are owned by the network edge. However, the demand heterogeneity of UEs and the limitation of resources are usually failed to be considered. Since the limited resources may constrain the number of accessed UEs, how the MEC service providers (SPs) choose the UEs to serve while ensuring UEs’ Quality of Service (QoS) is a key issue. Under this context, in this paper, we study the matching problem between the MEC SPs and the UEs in a multi-MEC and multi-UE scenario. Within this scenario, MEC SPs are equipped with limited wireless and computational resources. Auction theory is utilized to model the matching relationship between MEC SPs and UEs as the commodity trading. With this trading, UEs can obtain MEC service from SPs, when they successfully purchase the combinational resources (including computational and wireless resources) from SPs. To complete the auction process, a multi-round-sealed sequential combinatorial auction mechanism is proposed. The properties of the auction are proved and various simulation results are done to show that the proposed approach has better system performance compared with the existing algorithms.
Lymphocyte Invasion in IC 10 / Basal-Like Breast Tumors Is Associated with Wild-Type TP 53

Lymphocytic infiltration is associated with better prognosis in several epithelialmalignancies including breast cancer. The tumor suppressor TP53 is mutated in approximately 30% of breast adenocarcinomas, with varying frequency across molecular subtypes. In this study of 1,420 breast tumors, we tested for interaction between TP53 mutation status and tumor subtype determined by PAM50 and integrative cluster analysis. In integrative cluster 10 (IC10)/basal-like breast cancer, we identify an association between lymphocytic infiltration, determined by an expression score, and retention ofwild-type TP53. The expressionderived score agreed with the degree of lymphocytic infiltration assessed by pathologic review, and application of theNanodissect algorithm was suggestive of this infiltration being primarily of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Elevated expression of this CTL signature was associated with longer survival in IC10/Basal-like tumors. These findings identify a new link between the TP53 pathway and the adaptive immune response in estrogen receptor (ER)–negative breast tumors, suggesting a connection between TP53 inactivation and failure of tumor immunosurveillance. Implications: The association of lymphocytic invasion of ERnegative breast tumorswith the retention ofwild-typeTP53 implies a novel protective connection between TP53 function and tumor immunosurveillance. Mol Cancer Res; 13(3); 493–501. 2014 AACR.
Expression of Dlx genes during the development of the zebrafish pharyngeal dentition: evolutionary implications

SUMMARY In order to investigate similarities and differences in genetic control of development among teeth within and between species, we determined the expression pattern of all eight Dlx genes of the zebrafish during development of the pharyngeal dentition and compared these data with that reported for mouse molar tooth development. We found that (i) dlx1a and dlx6a are not expressed in teeth, in contrast to their murine orthologs, Dlx1 and Dlx6; (ii) the expression of the six other zebrafish Dlx genes overlaps in time and space, particularly during early morphogenesis; (iii) teeth in different locations and generations within the zebrafish dentition differ in the number of genes expressed; (iv) expression similarities and differences between zebrafish Dlx genes do not clearly follow phylogenetic and linkage relationships; and (v) similarities and differences exist in the expression of zebrafish and mouse Dlx orthologs. Taken together, these results indicate that the Dlx gene family, despite having been involved in vertebrate tooth development for over 400 million years, has undergone extensive diversification of expression of individual genes both within and between dentitions. The latter type of difference may reflect the highly specialized dentition of the mouse relative to that of the zebrafish, and/or genome duplication in the zebrafish lineage facilitating a redistribution of Dlx gene function during odontogenesis.
The effect of frequency dependent scattering and attenuation on the estimation of blood velocity using ultrasound

A comprehensive theoretical performance comparison of the wideband maximum-likelihood (WMLE) and cross-correlation strategies, previously proposed and evaluated for the estimation of blood velocity using ultrasound is presented. It is based on evaluation of the bias, local and global accuracy, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance. The results show that the intervening medium does not bias either wideband estimation, due to the effect of tracking the scattering target. The presence of intervening tissue actually improves the global accuracy of both wideband estimators, without a significant change in the local accuracy of either wideband estimator. After the transmission of P pulses, a comparison of the performance of the two strategies shows that the cross-correlation estimator requires P/sup 2/ correlations to achieve performance similar to that of the WMLE with P operations. In addition, the WMLE can increase the effective SNR in comparison with cross correlation. <<ETX>>
Empathy and enduring depersonalization: The role of self-related processes

Abstract Empathy has two key components: affective and cognitive. It relies on “embodied” processes such as the generation, representation and perception of feeling states. People diagnosed with Depersonalization Disorder (DPD) report disturbances in affective experience, such as emotional numbing, alongside aberrations in “body image” such as increased self-focus and feelings of “disembodiment”. DPD therefore provides a test bed for the role of such self-related processes in empathy. We tested 16 participants diagnosed with DPD and 48 control volunteers on measures of cognitive and affective empathy. We used self-report measures (EQ; Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004), an objective measure of cognitive empathy—the “Eyes” task (Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright, Hill, Raste, & Plumb, 2001), and a novel task tapping affective empathy, utilizing speech rate as an implicit measure of physiological arousal. We also measured participants’ tendency to use mental representations that relate to the self during the affective empathy task. The DPD group showed intact performance on the cognitive empathy task. However, there was a disruption in the physiological component of affective empathy alongside a more pronounced reliance on mental representations of the self. These findings suggest affective empathy to be reliant on intact emotional experience in the observer. In addition, excessive self-focus may be detrimental to an empathic response.
L-arginine reactivity in cerebral vessels after severe traumatic brain injury

Abstract Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes an early reduction of cerebral blood flow (CBF). The purpose was to study cerebrovascular endothelial function by examining the reactivity of cerebral vessels to L-arginine. Methods: Fifty-one patients with severe TBI were prospectively studied by measuring cerebral hemodynamics before and after the administration of L-arginine, 300 mg/kg at 12 hours and at 48 hours after injury. These hemodynamic measurements, using transcranial Doppler techniques, included internal carotid flow volume as an estimate of hemispheric CBF, flow velocity in intracranial vessels, CO2 reactivity, and dynamic pressure autoregulation using thigh cuff deflation and carotid compression methods. Changes in the hemodynamics with L-arginine administration were analyzed using a general linear mixed model. Results: L-arginine produced no change in mean arterial pressure, intracranial pressure, or brain oxygenation. Overall, L-arginine induced an 11.3% increase in internal carotid artery flow volume (P=0.0190). This increase was larger at 48 hours than at 12 hours (P=0.0045), and tended to be larger in the less injured hemisphere at both time periods. The response of flow velocity in the intracranial vessels was similar, but smaller differences with administration of L-arginine were observed. There was a significant improvement in CO2 reactivity with L-arginine, but no change in dynamic pressure autoregulation. Discussion: The low response of the cerebral vessels to L-arginine at 12 hours post-injury with improvement at 48 hours suggests that dysfunction of cerebrovascular endothelium plays a role in the reduced CBF observed after TBI.
Predicting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition): The Mystery of How to Constrain Unchecked Growth

Abstract Twenty years ago, slightly after the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition was published, we predicted the characteristics of the future Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition) (Blashfield and Fuller, 1996). Included in our predictions were how many diagnoses it would contain, the physical size of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition), who its leader would be, how many professionals would be involved in creating it, the revenue generated, and the color of its cover. This article reports on the accuracy of our predictions. Our largest prediction error concerned financial revenue. The earnings growth of the DSM’s has been remarkable. Drug company investments, insurance benefits, the financial need of the American Psychiatric Association, and the research grant process are factors that have stimulated the growth of the DSM’s. Restoring order and simplicity to the classification of mental disorders will not be a trivial task.
An AC Current Transformer Standard Measuring System for Power Frequencies

This paper describes the design and setup of the new ac current transformer (CT) calibration system at Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, which uses enhanced, actively compensated current comparators (CCs) for rated primary currents from 5 A up to 60 kA, and a new CT bridge based on the differential method. The bridge makes use of modern, high-resolution analog-to-digital converters, and makes it possible to connect traditional CTs as well as two-stage CTs with rated secondary currents from 100 mA to 5 A. The lower current ranges are integrated to enable a calibration of CTs of the highest available precision for national power standards. The current transducers and the two-channel sampling system of the bridge allow a resolution of approximately <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{\mathrm {-9}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, while the estimated Type B uncertainty of the bridge is around <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{\mathrm {-8}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.
A low-cost, forming-free WOx ReRAM using novel self-aligned photo-induced oxidation

A novel CMOS compatible photo oxidation (PO) technology is proposed in this paper which, by only using standard DUV photo lithography process, demonstrates a strong oxidation capability to form CMOS compatible WOx. The oxidation occurs through catalytic chemical reaction during the post exposure baking (PEB) process. Based on this unique PO process, a high performance forming free 1T-1R WOx ReRAM is demonstrated. Furthermore, this PO WOx ReRAM can withstand high temperature baking (@ 250°C) for 30 min thus is suitable for embedded systems that require pre-coding, and automotive and other industrial applications.
Antifibrillatory effects of ibutilide in the rabbit isolated heart: mediation via ATP-dependent potassium channels.

This study determined if ibutilide, a drug with class III activity, exhibited antifibrillatory effects in an isolated heart model of ventricular fibrillation (VF). Langendorff-perfused hearts were randomized among six groups. Group I (n = 9) served as the vehicle-treated control group. Groups II (n = 6), III (n = 10) and IV (n = 9) were pretreated with ibutilide 0.1; 1.0 or 3.0 microM, respectively. Ten minutes after perfusion in the presence of vehicle or ibutilide, hearts were perfused with the ATP-dependent potassium channel opener, pinacidil (1.25 microM) and subjected to a 12-min hypoxic period followed by 40 min of reoxygenation, or until the onset of VF. Groups V and VI were used to investigate electrophysiological effects of ibutilide (n = 12), as well as its chemical defibrillatory activity (n = 9), respectively. Additional experiments involved isometric tension recordings from canine atrial pectinate muscle exposed to increasing concentrations of pinacidil (3-300 microM) in the presence of ibutilide (3-30 microM). Ibutilide decreased the incidence of VF in a concentration-dependent manner; eight of nine control hearts developed VF vs. two of nine hearts (P = .018 chi 2) treated with 3.0 microM ibutilide. In atrial pectinate tissue, ibutilide attenuated the negative inotropic effect of pinacidil. An unexpected finding was the ability of ibutilide to achieve chemical defibrillation when added to the perfusion medium after the electrical induction of ventricular fibrillation in the isolated heart. The antifibrillatory effect of ibutilide may result from inhibition of the ATP-dependent potassium channel made susceptible to opening by pinacidil during hypoxia.
Assessment of Corneal Biomechanical Properties and Their Variation with Age

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the stress-strain behavior of corneal tissue and how the behavior was affected by age. Methods: Human corneal specimens ranging in age between 50 and 95 years were tested under inflation conditions to determine their stress-strain behavior. The corneas were subjected to two load rates that represent dynamic and static loading conditions. The pressure-deformation results were analyzed using shell theory to derive the stress-strain behavior. Results: The corneas demonstrated clear nonlinear behavior with an initial low stiffness stage and a final high stiffness stage. The transition between the two stages coincided with intraocular pressures between 12 and 20 mmHg. There was a considerable increase in stiffness associated with both age and load rate. Equations were derived to describe the nonlinear stress-strain relationship of corneal tissue for any age between 50 and 95 years, and these equations are presented in a form suitable for use in numerical simulations. Conclusions: The cornea demonstrates considerable stiffening with age with the behavior closely fitting an exponential power function typical of collagenous tissue. The increase in stiffness could be related to the additional age-related nonenzymatic cross-linking affecting the stromal collagen fibrils.
Analyzing the gender gap in educational achievement in children ages 5-12

This thesis uses the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) Early Childhood Longitudinal Study – Kindergarten Cohort 1998-99 (ECLS-K) to examine how a range of educational achievement measures vary by gender, controlling for (other) individual, family, teacher and school characteristics. I find that young girls perform better on reading tests, while boys earn higher scores on math and science tests. These differences appear in kindergarten and persist through the fifth grade. The gender gaps in test scores are not mirrored in classroom grades, which are higher for girls in reading, but (statistically) similar for girls and boys in math and science. The thesis also shows that girls are more likely to pursue learning activities and exercise self-control in the classroom. These results suggest an important role for non-cognitive skills in explaining the gender gap in educational achievement. INDEX WORDS: Gender Differences, Student Achievement, Primary School ANALYZING THE GENDER GAP IN EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT IN CHILDREN AGES 5-12
Comparative neurovirulence and latency of hsv1 and hsv2 following footpad inoculation in mice

The effect of virus dose and animal age on the appearance of acute and latent neurologic infection by HSV1 and HSV2 was studied in Balb/c and ICR mice inoculated in the footpad. At low viral doses HSV2 was found to be 1,500 times more neurovirulent than HSV1. At high doses there was no difference in neurovirulence. Age‐acquired resistance to disease was shown to be less complete with HSV2 than with HSV1. Neurovirulence was shown to be associated with spread of infection to the spinal ganglia. The data indicate that the factor(s) responsible for the differential neurovirulence of these two viruses is related to events at the level of the footpad and/or sciatic nerve.
Propagation Measurements and Modeling of Crossing Bridges on High-Speed Railway at 930 MHz

Bridges that cross a railway's right-of-way are one of the most common obstacles for wave propagation along a highspeed railway. They can lead to poor coverage or handover failure but have been rarely investigated before. To describe the influence of this nonnegligible structure on propagation, measurements have been taken at 930 MHz along a real high-speed railway in China. Based on different mechanisms, the entire propagation process is presented by four zones in the case of an independent crossing bridge (ICB) and two zones in the case of groups of crossing bridges. First, all the propagation characteristics, including extra propagation loss, shadow fading, small-scale fading, and fading depth, have been measured and extracted. The results are shown in a complete table for accurate statistical modeling. Then, two empirical models, i.e., ICB and crossing bridges group (CBG), are first established to describe the extra loss owing to the crossing bridges. The proposed models improve on the state-of-the-art models for this problem, achieving a root mean square error (RMSE) of 3.0 and 3.7 dB, respectively.
AtNOS/AtNOA1 Is a Functional Arabidopsis thaliana cGTPase and Not a Nitric-oxide Synthase*

AtNOS1 was previously identified as a potential nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) in Arabidopsis thaliana, despite lack of sequence similarity to animal NOSs. Although the dwarf and yellowish leaf phenotype of Atnos1 knock-out mutant plants can be rescued by treatment with exogenous NO, doubts have recently been raised as to whether AtNOS1 is a true NOS. Moreover, depending on the type of physiological responses studied, Atnos1 is not always deficient in NO induction and/or detection, as previously reported. Here, we present experimental evidence showing that AtNOS1 is unable to bind and oxidize arginine to NO. These results support the argument that AtNOS1 is not a NOS. We also show that the renamed NO-associated protein 1 (AtNOA1) is a member of the circularly permuted GTPase family (cGTPase). AtNOA1 specifically binds GTP and hydrolyzes it. Complementation experiments of Atnoa1 mutant plants with different constructs of AtNOA1 show that GTP hydrolysis is necessary but not sufficient for the physiological function of AtNOA1. Mutant AtNOA1 lacking the C-terminal domain, although retaining GTPase activity, failed to complement Atnoa1, suggesting that this domain plays a crucial role in planta. cGTPases appear to be RNA-binding proteins, and the closest homolog of AtNOA1, the Bacillus subtilis YqeH, has been shown to participate in ribosome assembly and stability. We propose a similar function for AtNOA1 and discuss it in the light of its potential role in NO accumulation and plant development.
The Ecosystem as Helix: An Exploratory Theory‐Building Study of Regional Co‐Opetitive Entrepreneurial Ecosystems as Quadruple/Quintuple Helix Innovation Models

Regions are increasingly being viewed as eco-systemic agglomerations of organizational and institutional entities or stakeholders with socio-technical, socio-economic, and socio-political conflicting as well as converging (co-opetitive) goals, priorities, expectations, and behaviors that they pursue via entrepreneurial development, exploration, exploitation, and deployment actions, reactions and interactions. In this context, our paper aims to explore and profile the nature and dynamics of the Quadruple/Quintuple Helix Innovation System Model or Framework (government, university, industry, civil society, environment) as an enabler and enactor of regional co-opetitive entrepreneurial ecosystems which we conceptualize as fractal, multi-level, multi-modal, multi-nodal, and multi-lateral configurations of dynamic tangible and intangible assets within the resource-based view and the new theory of the growth of the firm. Co-opetitive fractal innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems are defined and discussed, and examples of regional innovation policies and programs are presented. Furthermore, the concept of multi-level innovation systems is analyzed, taking into account the existence of knowledge clusters and innovation networks, while alternative aggregations of multi-level innovation systems are proposed based on their spatial (geographical) and non-spatial (research-based) functional properties.
Professionals inside the board room: accounting expertise of directors and dividend policy

ABSTRACT Directors’ personal attributes have significant impacts on governance effectiveness. We study whether directors’ accounting expertise affects corporate financial policy and investigate dividend in specific. We construct a dataset of audit committee directors’ accounting expertise for Standard & Poor 500 firms from 2005 to 2012. We first verify directors’ monitoring roles by showing that firms with accounting expert sitting on their audit committees demonstrate stronger accounting conservatism. In our main tests, we find that these firms maintain lower dividend payment level, which are less sensitive to earnings volatility. This suggests directors’ advisory roles in financial policy. We further show that our accounting expertise cannot be subsumed by management ability. In additional test, we further examine the baseline results conditional on analyst forecast error. Our findings highlight the importance of directors’ professional expertise in fulfilling their governance roles.
Colonic cell proliferation, apoptosis and aberrant crypt foci development in rats given 2‐amino‐3‐methylimidazo[4,5‐f]quinoline and treated post‐initiation with chlorophyllin

Sodium–copper chlorophyllin (CHL) inhibits the formation of 2‐amino‐3‐methylimidazo[4,5‐f]quinoline (IQ)‐ and 2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine (PhIP)‐induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and tumours in the F344 rat when it is given simultaneously with either carcinogen. However, CHL reportedly increased the incidence of dimethylhydrazine (DMH)‐induced colon tumours in the same species when administered post‐initiation. In the present study, rats were given IQ (130 mg/kg body weight, by oral gavages on alternating days) for 2 weeks, starting in experiment week 3, and one week after the final IQ dose rats received CHL treatment until the study was terminated at 16 weeks. Compared with animals given carcinogen alone, the mean number of IQ‐induced ACF per colon was reduced significantly by 1% (w/v) CHL in the drinking water (P < 0.05), whereas 0.1% and 0.01% CHL had no effect. These CHL concentrations increased in a dose‐related manner both the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated nick end labelling (TUNEL) and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labelling indices in the distal colon. However, the lowest concentration tested, 0.001% CHL, increased the mean number of IQ‐induced ACF per colon (P < 0.05), and increased the BrdU labelling index without a concomitant change in TUNEL. These studies indicated that 0.001% CHL promoted IQ‐ACF due to deregulation of the homeostatic balance between cell birth and apoptosis in the colonic mucosa, whereas higher concentrations of CHL had either no effect or protected against IQ‐induced ACF by causing dose‐related increases in the overall rate of cell turnover in the colon.