Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trajectory tracking of a quadrotor using sliding mode control

This paper presents the design of a sliding mode control (SMC) for trajectory tracking of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), quadrotor. A simplified model of the quadrotor is used for the controller design. The robustness of the controller is verified through simulations, and also through data analysis from the experiments in the 3DR Arducopter platform. The SMC algorithms are implemented in a microcontroller that communicates with a human machine interface (HMI), which monitors the behavior and stability of the state variables. The results show effectiveness of the control technique for maintaining stability in the quadrotor under different operating scenarios.
Direct and indirect uses of wealth ranking in Mongolia

This paper describes why and how wealth ranking was used in the early stages of a collaborative policy research and training project in Mongolia. The Policy Alternatives for Livestock Development (PALD) project aims to facilitate the transition from a command to a market economy in the extensive livestock sector which dominates the Mongolian rural economy. The training and fieldwork (fully documented in Mearns, 1991) took place during July-September 1991, and involved a team of eight researchers from the Mongolian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry, the Mongolian Institute of Agricultural Economics, and the Institute of Development Studies. This paper addresses the role and value of wealth ranking by card sorting (Grandin, 1988) in the research and training process, and its sequencing with other activities, rather than the technical details of the method itself.
Silencing at Drosophila telomeres: nuclear organization and chromatin structure play critical roles

Transgenes inserted into the telomeric regions of Drosophila melanogaster chromosomes exhibit position effect variegation (PEV), a mosaic silencing characteristic of euchromatic genes brought into juxtaposition with heterochromatin. Telomeric transgenes on the second and third chromosomes are flanked by telomeric associated sequences (TAS), while fourth chromosome telomeric transgenes are most often associated with repetitious transposable elements. Telomeric PEV on the second and third chromosomes is suppressed by mutations in Su(z)2, but not by mutations in Su(var)2‐5 (encoding HP1), while the converse is true for telomeric PEV on the fourth chromosome. This genetic distinction allowed for a spatial and molecular analysis of telomeric PEV. Reciprocal translocations between the fourth chromosome telomeric region containing a transgene and a second chromosome telomeric region result in a change in nuclear location of the transgene. While the variegating phenotype of the white transgene is suppressed, sensitivity to a mutation in HP1 is retained. Corresponding changes in the chromatin structure and inducible activity of an associated hsp26 transgene are observed. The data indicate that both nuclear organization and local chromatin structure play a role in this telomeric PEV.
The Stigmatizing Effect of Visual Media Portrayals of Obese Persons on Public Attitudes: Does Race or Gender Matter?

Overweight and obese persons are frequently stigmatized in news media. The present study is the first to systematically compare public reactions to positive and negative images of obese persons accompanying news reports on obesity (while manipulating gender and race of the target)and their effects on generalized attitudes and social distance toward obese persons. The authors conducted 3 randomized experimental studies using online surveys to assess public perceptions of positive versus stereotypical images of obese adults (who varied by gender and race) accompanying a neutral news report about obesity. The sample included 1,251 adults, who were recruited through a national survey panel during May of 2010. Participants who viewed negative, stereotypical images of obese targets increased social distance, antifat attitudes, and ratings of laziness and dislike toward obese persons, whereas positive, nonstereotypical images induced more positive attitudes. These findings remained consistent when accounting for sociodemographic variables. African American female obese targets portrayed in images evoked higher ratings of dislike and social distance compared with Caucasian targets, but ratings were similar for male and female targets. This study provides evidence that images of obese person accompanying written media influence public attitudes toward obese people, and may reinforce weight stigmatization if images contain stereotypical portrayals of obese persons. Implications for efforts to report about obesity in the news media are discussed.
IFAT detection of IgG specific to toxoplasma in thoracic fluids from aborted lambs: evaluation on routine diagnostic submissions

Thoracic fluids from 171 aborted lambs from 55 flocks were examined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test for the presence of IgG specific to Toxoplasma gondii. The technique was shown to be both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of toxoplasma abortion at a titre of 1/256, when compared with diagnoses made in the flocks and in the small number of individual fetuses in which the pathology of the cotyledons and the serology of the ewe were known.
Profit and Loss Sharing System - Solution for Trade-Offs between Banking Profitability and Economic Efficiency of Intermediation

"Objective – The higher the difference between the loan interest and the deposit interest is, the better it is for a bank. This reflects a higher margin/profitability. However, it also shows less efficiency of the intermediation mechanism. Using literature research, this study aims to understand how the mechanism of Profit and Loss Sharing System (Islamic Banking System) can become the solution for the trade-off. Methodology/Technique – This study uses literature search and review as the method to gain an understanding of the fundamental concept as well as to offer critique by noting the trade-offs associated with the micro and macro objectives of banking. Findings – In the profit and loss sharing system made accessible through partnership, the returns that will be earned by one part depends on the other part. This requires each part to behave professionally and responsibly. Depositors’ returns depend on banks’ returns and banks’ returns depend on mudharib’s return. Therefore, there is no difference between banking profitability and efficiency of the intermediation. Novelty – With the same implications noted between the micro objective of banks (advantage as a business entity) and the efficiency of intermediation as well as the implications for the affordability and social justice, there is no trade-off between profitability and economic efficiency of intermediation. In addition, the profit and loss sharing system can also be a solution for the trade-off itself. "
Channel Characteristics of Visible Light Communications Within Dynamic Indoor Environment

Visible light communications (VLC) is a new emerging technology, which provides both data transmission and illumination by utilizing the visible range (370-780 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum. In order to maximize the available data rate and enhance the users mobility within an indoor environment, it is essential to characterize the communication channel. In this paper, we present both analytical and experimental results for a VLC system affected by movement of people for different indoor conditions (i.e., furnished office room, empty hall, and corridor). VLC systems utilize multiple light-emitting diodes mounted in the ceiling and the configuration is based on the nondirected line of sight. We consider random movement of people within the room, focusing on the impacts of shadowing and blocking on mobility and link system performance by investigating changes in the channel characteristics using the cumulative distribution function of the received power distribution and the delay profile. We demonstrate the behaviour of communication channels for different scenarios from corridor, the most robust against people movement induced fading, to the office rooms and halls, the most vulnerable to the received power fluctuation.
A Fat Sow Named Skulfi: ‘Expensive’ Words in Dobu Island Society

1 Fieldwork on Dobu Island was carried out from 1992–94 and in 1997. This text greatly profited from a presentation at the 2008 European Society for Oceanists (ESfO) conference in the session on ‘Expensive words’, organised by me. I am grateful for the participants’ inspiring contributions and the discussion. I also want to thank Michael Young, Gediminas Lankauskas, and the reviewers for their ‘expensive’ comments. A Fat Sow Named Skulfi: ‘Expensive’ Words in Dobu Island Society
Parasitological observations of Schistosoma bovis in normal and T-cell deprived mice

SUMMARY A laboratory life-cycle of Schistosoma bovis was established in order to study the host-parasite relationship in immunologically intact and T-cell deprived mice. Normal mice were found to have ‘self-cured’ their S. bovis infections almost completely by 10 weeks after cercarial administration, and there was no evidence of self-cure by day 79 in T-cell deprived animals, Thus, groups of deprived mice autopsied between 9 and 11 weeks after infection were invariably found to have greater worm burdens and a greater total number of eggs in the liver than comparably-infected normal mice. However, liver egg counts/worm pair were similar in the two types of host, and differences between normal and deprived mice with respect to total S. bovis egg counts in the intestine were also not consistently in the same direction in all experiments. Faecal egg counts were always less in deprived mice than in normal mice, even in an experiment in which the deprived mice had a significantly higher intestinal tissue egg count than the normal control group. The results are discussed in relation to the better known S. mansoni/mouse host-parasite relationship.
Solving the Three-Dimensional Palet-Paking Problem Using Mixed 0 - 1 Model

The distribution of Pallet Packing Problem is to load a set of distinct boxes with given dimensions on pallets or in con- tainers to maximize volume utilization. This problem is still in its early stages of research, but there is a high level of interest in developing effective models to solve this NP-hard problem to reduce the time, energy and other resources spent in packing pallets. In this paper, the three-dimensional pallet loading with mixed box sizes model has been developed. This loading model allows many boxes of various sizes to be placed onto the same pallet. The model also considers the number or proportion of each box size that can be loaded on a pallet. No restrictions are placed on the dimensions of the boxes, the pallets, or the number of different box sizes that can be considered. Therefore, the objective of this work is to determine how to most efficiently load a given pallet by maximizing the volume occupied by its load of boxes. Tests on several problems were implemented using OR library in order to show the validation of the proposed model. The results showed that the formulated mixed 0 - 1 models provide exact solutions for the pallet-packing problem. The computational time requirements of the developed model prevent its use in real-time palletizing applications. As microcomputer chip technology continues to evolve the lengthy computation time may prove to be less of a problem in real time applications.
Structural equation model: influence on tourist satisfaction with destination atributes

Purpose – To present a model that expresses the relationships observed between a set of independent variables that condition overall satisfaction with a tourist destination, allowing to discover the potential for improvement of this indicator. Methodology – An instrument is designed to measure the satisfaction of tourists with a destination, starting from a list of attributes used in the literature that are submitted to the research of experts. A reliability analysis of the results and an evaluation of construct validity were performed. Through a confirmatory factor analysis, the factorial structure of the set of observed variables was identified. Finally, a structural equations model was created to understand the interrelationship between the variables considered in the study and their incidence in general satisfaction with the destination. Findings – The application of the instrument designed to the calculated sample allowed to identify the latent variables existing in the practical construct studied, identifying through the factorial analysis four aspects associated to the satisfaction of tourists with the destination: access, lodging, facilities and attractions. The construction of the structural equations model corroborated the previous results and evidenced the level of incidence of each factor studied in the overall satisfaction as well as the incidence of each attribute in the factor that integrates. Originality – It is achieved define a structural equations model that represents and explains the relationship between the variables considered in the quality management of a destination and the degree to which they relate to each other and influence the level of satisfaction experienced by tourists.
A Simple MOX Vapor Sensor on Polyimide Substrate for Measuring Humidity in ppm Level

This paper deals with the development of a novel metal-oxide-based sensor for measuring moisture in ppm level. The device consists of parallel plate capacitive structure having γ-Al2O3 nanostructured sensing film deposited on the polyimide by sol-gel method. The pore morphology of the thin film has been studied by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, atomic force microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The sensor has been designed to make it suitable for integrated type of application. The electrical characteristics of the sensor have been measured using Agilent 4294A impedance analyzer over the frequency from 1 to 50 kHz. The sensitivity of the sensor for 3.5-800-ppm humidity range is 0.13 pF/ppm. The response and recovery time are 158 and 216 s, respectively. The experimental results show that the output is linear (4.2%), reproducible, and stable. Proposed work is aimed to develop a low power consumption sensor on fully flexible and plastic substrate commercially used in printed circuit board for mobile application.
Induction of germ‐line immunoglobulin heavy chain transcripts by mitogens and interleukins prior to switch recombination

It has recently been postulated that immunoglobulin class switching is preceded by transcription from unrearranged heavy chain genes. In this report, we have investigated the conditons under which RNA transcribed from unrearranged Cγ3, Cγ1, Cγ2b, Cγ2a, Cϵ and Cα genes are induced in normal spleen cells by mitogens and/or interleukin (IL)4, IL5 and interferon‐γ. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus IL4 induced germ‐line γ1 and ϵ transcripts. LPS induced γ2b and γ3 transcripts and high doses of IL4 suppressed these LPS‐induced transcripts. Interferon‐γ induced low levels of germ‐line γ2a transcripts and profoundly suppressed the γ1 and ϵ transcripts induced by LPS and IL4. IL5 alone or in combination with IL4 and/or LPS did not induce germ‐line α transcripts. Spleen cells of the partially immunodeficient mice CBA/N and C3H/HeJ, which do not express IgG3 could be induced, however, by polyclonal activators to express germ‐line γ3 and γ2b transcripts. The data indicate that the capacity of a ligand to induce/suppress transcription of a particular unrearranged heavychain gene is a good indicator of its capacity to induce switching to the corresponding Ig isotype. However, it is also clear that control of switching can be carried out at other levels.
Ranking Multiple Dialogue States by Corpus Statistics to Improve Discourse Understanding in Spoken Dialogue Systems

This paper discusses the discourse understanding process in spoken dialogue systems. This process enables a system to understand user utterances from the context of a dialogue. Ambiguity in user utterances caused by multiple speech recognition hypotheses and parsing results sometimes makes it difficult for a system to decide on a single interpretation of a user intention. As a solution, the idea of retaining possible interpretations as multiple dialogue states and resolving the ambiguity using succeeding user utterances has been proposed. Although this approach has proven to improve discourse understanding accuracy, carefully created hand-crafted rules are necessary in order to accurately rank the dialogue states. This paper proposes automatically ranking multiple dialogue states using statistical information obtained from dialogue corpora. The experimental results in the train ticket reservation and weather information service domains show that the statistical information can significantly improve the ranking accuracy of dialogue states as well as the slot accuracy and the concept error rate of the top-ranked dialogue states.
Evidence for a multifactorial process involved in the impaired flow response to nitric oxide in hypertensive patients with endothelial dysfunction.

The assessment of endothelial function in hypertensive patients receiving acetylcholine has revealed conflicting results. Whether an impaired flow response to acetylcholine is explained solely by a diminished endothelial synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) remains unclear as yet. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that mechanisms other than reduced NO synthesis contribute to the hypertension-associated impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Therefore, the dilatory response to endogenous and exogenous NO was measured in resistance arteries and cutaneous microvessels in the forearm circulation of 12 normotensive individuals and 17 hypertensive patients. In addition, the overall dilatory capacity was assessed by peak flow during reactive hyperemia after 3 minutes of ischemia. Forearm blood flow was quantified by venous occlusion plethysmography at rest, during application of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside, and during stimulation of endogenous NO synthesis by acetylcholine and bradykinin. Blood flow velocity in the cutaneous microvasculature was measured with laser-Doppler flowmetry in parallel. Resting forearm flow was comparable in both groups (3.1 +/- 0.2 and 3.4 +/- 0.2 mL.min-1.100mL-1 tissue), whereas blood pressure and thus peripheral vascular resistance was significantly elevated in hypertensive compared with normotensive subjects. Hyperemic peak flow was significantly blunted in hypertensive patients. Sodium nitroprusside, acetylcholine, and bradykinin increased flow in a dose-dependent manner to a comparable extent in the control group (13.3 +/- 0.8, 13.6 +/- 1.3, and 14.6 +/- 0.7 mL.min-1.100mL-1 tissue, respectively). In contrast, in hypertensive patients maximum increase in resting flow was significantly reduced (sodium nitroprusside, -36%; acetylcholine, -44%; and bradykinin, -56%). The flow response after stimulation of endogenous NO synthesis by bradykinin was significantly more blunted compared with that of exogenous NO after application of sodium nitroprusside. In the cutaneous microvasculature, bradykinin-induced increases in blood flow velocity were selectively impaired in hypertensive patients, whereas flow response to acetylcholine was preserved. Thus, we conclude that in arterial hypertension endothelium-dependent, NO-mediated dilation of resistance arteries and cutaneous microvessels of the forearm vasculature is heterogeneously impaired, depending on the type of endothelial receptor stimulated. Furthermore, the present data suggest that in hypertensive patients the impairment of NO-dependent dilation of resistance arteries is caused by at least three different mechanisms: (1) a reduced endothelial synthesis of NO due to either a disturbed signal-transduction pathway and/or a reduced activity of NO synthase, (2) an accelerated NO degradation within the vessel wall, and (3) alterations in the vessel architecture resulting in an overall reduced dilatory capacity of resistance arteries.
RISK AND RETURN EVALUATION OF GLAMOR AND VALUE STOCK PERFORMANCE ON INDONESIAN CAPITAL MARKET (Study from KOMPAS100 Stock in Indonesian Capital Market Period 2012 – 2016)

Stocks are one of the instrument aspect in the capital market. It can be categorized as Value and Glamor Stock. The differences between the two have many varieties in the analyzing of the performances. There were so many research in the past to analyze these two categories and have differences result based on the purpose. This research aims to determine whether the Value stock portfolio perform better result than the Glamor stock portfolio and also to analyze the risk adjusted performance between Value stock portfolio and Glamor stock portfolio. The sample of this study using the stock listed in KOMPAS100 in the period of 2012-2016. The formation of the portfolio was taken by the theory of consistent earner strategy by analyzing the Price to Earnings Ratios, Dividend Yield, and Return On Equity on each stock category. Thus developing the portfolio Value and Glamor stock. The calculation of return using the closing price each stock, risk by using the Sharpe ratio, and ANOVA analyze to validate the data and the adjusted risk and return. The result of this study showed that the Value stock outperform the Glamor stock in term of return and adjusted risk performance in period of 2012-2016 for the stock that listed in KOMPAS100.
High-Speed LED Driver for ns-Pulse Switching of High-Current LEDs

This letter analyzes the intrinsic optical switching response of state-of-the-art high power, multiquantum wells, thin-film, and surface-textured infrared light emitting diodes (LEDs). For the switching time response of such devices, the theoretical basics are presented and their predictions are experimentally verified. In the second part of this letter, a novel, fast switching LED driving circuit is presented which enables nanosecond-pulse operation. The circuit reduces significantly the optical rise and fall time of LEDs from 10/15 ns, respectively, down to 2.6 ns at 2-A pulse current without compromising the peak output power.
Tactile sensing method for estimating the insertion state of a connector

Robot hand/arm systems attempt to insert pins into the sockets to form connectors, such as those in circuit boards. A tactile sensing method using a pin header and a pin socket as a connector is proposed for estimating the insertion state of the connector. The change of the amount of empty space of a pin socket due to the insertion of a pin header is measured by a vibration wave. The vibration wave is transmitted from one fingertip to another opposite fingertip through the grasped pin socket. The spectral intensity of this vibration wave is related to the change of the amount of empty space of the pin socket in the mating process. The insertion state is estimated by the spectral intensity. The frequency of the vibration wave is also calculated for this measurement. To realize this method, robotic fingertips were developed for transmitting the vibration wave. The fingertips perform both the tactile sensing and grasping function, so no additional sensing motion of the robot hand is needed. The measurement of the insertion state was successfully demonstrated in an experiment.