Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Propuesta de lectura desde la linguística textual

RESUMEN En el presente articulo se desarrolla o propone una estrategia de lectura basada en la teoria de la linguistica textual. Esta se fundamenta en la super estructura, macroestructura y microestructura textual que va desde el aspecto general hasta lo especifico; es decir va desde la organizacion o estructuracion del texto hasta la oracion o los conectores. Se incluye el componente critico y creativo que implica todo proceso de comprension. Asimismo la esquematizacion de la informacion despues del proceso de lectura. Se concluye, despues de la fundamentacion teorica, con el analisis, de un texto narrativo del vate y escritor Cesar Vallejo. Palabras clave: Lectura, linguistica textual, estructura, tema, microestructura. ABSTRACT This article deals with the developing or proposing of a reading strategy taking into account the theory of the text linguistics. This is based on the text superstructure, macrostructure and microstructure that goes from the general aspect towards the specific one; that is, it goes from the text organization or structure to the statement or the connectors. The critical and creative components are included which imply the whole comprehension process, even the scheme of the information. It is concluded, after the theorical underlying, with the analysis of narrativ text of a vate and writer Cesar Vallejo. Key words: Reading, text linguistics, structure, topic, microstructure.
Pharmacokinetics of Fem7®, a Once-Weekly, Transdermal Oestrogen Replacement System in Healthy, Postmenopausal Women

This open-label, randomized study in 36 healthy postmenopausal women, investigated the pharmacokinetics of Fem7® (an oestradiol matrix-type patch), at doses of 25, 50, 75 and 100 μg/24 h, applied once weekly. Maximum plasma concentrations of oestradiol and oestrone were observed 14–20 h after patch application, remaining within the therapeutic range until removal, and returning to baseline within 12 h thereafter. Plasma oestradiol concentrations increased in a dose-dependent manner for all four doses, and plasma oestrone increased for the three highest doses. Fem7 treatment was well tolerated at all four doses and no severe adverse reactions were reported. Fem7 is a convenient and well-tolerated form of hormone-replacement therapy that delivers oestradiol in a consistent and predictable manner.
Sulphur Deficiency Causes a Reduction in Antimicrobial Potential and Leads to Increased Disease Susceptibility of Oilseed Rape

The reduction of atmospheric sulphur dioxide pollution is causing increasing problems of sulphur deficiency in sulphur-demanding crop plants in northern Europe. Elemental sulphur and many sulphur containing compounds such as cysteine-rich antifungal proteins, glucosinolates (GSL) and phytoalexins play important roles in plant disease resistance. The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of inadequate sulphur supply on disease resistance of oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Compared with fertilized oilseed rape, healthy looking S-deficient plants showed increased susceptibility to the blackleg fungus Leptosphaeria maculans, to the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea and to the oomycete Phytophthora brassicae. To analyse possible causes of the increased disease susceptibility of S-deficient plants, protein extracts and methanolic extracts of secondary metabolites of plants grown with and without adequate sulphur supply were tested for antimicrobial activity. None of the protein extracts showed antimicrobial activity. However, extracts containing secondary metabolites from normally grown plants showed a strong antimicrobial activity in in vitro tests with various fungal and bacterial pathogens. This activity was almost totally lost in extracts derived from S-deficient plants. The antimicrobial activity did not appear to be based on the activity of phytoalexins because it was present in healthy plants and was not increased by a previous inoculation with Botrytis cinerea. The loss of antifungal activity in S-deficient plants correlated with a strong reduction of various GSL, thus suggesting a reduced level of GSL as a possible cause of the reduced antimicrobial potential. However, limited tests of commercially available GSL or their degradation products did not demonstrate a causal link. Our results show that S-deficiency of oilseed rape negatively affects disease resistance and suggest that this effect is at least partially caused by a reduction of sulphur-dependent phytoanticipins.
Public and Private Bureaucracies: A Transaction Cost Economics Perspective

The public bureaucracy is a puzzle. How is it that an organizational form that is so widely used is also believed to be inefficient--both in relation to a hypothetical ideal and in comparison with private bureaucracies? This article examines public bureaucracy through the lens of transaction cost economics, according to which the public bureaucracy, like other alternative modes of governance, is well suited to some transactions and poorly suited to others. Rather than proceed in a completely general way, I focus on what James Q. Wilson describes as 'sovereign transactions', of which foreign affairs is an example. I ask what it is that distinguishes sovereign transactions, after which I compare the efficacy of public and private bureaucracies for managing such transactions. I conclude that there is an efficiency place for public bureaucracy, but that all modes of governance (markets, hybrids, firms, regulation), of which public bureaucracy is one, need to be kept in their place. I further observe that public bureaucracies are not all of a kind and that differences between them need to be distinguished. Copyright 1999 by Oxford University Press.
Actualities in the therapeutic management of salmonellosis.

Contamination of food with Salmonella is a serious public health concern, and Community legislation on animal health covers the control of salmonella as a food-borne zoonotic agent. However, salmonellosis is a common bacterial disease responsible for major foodborne diarrheal disease in companion animals. For this reason, in some circumstances, the stamping-out policy of Salmonella control is replaced by therapeutic intervention, but the use of antimicrobials is not always recommended. This paper presented the options of treatment in the food-borne diarrheal disease associated with salmonellosis in companion animals (dogs and cats). The actual concept of salmonellosis treatment in companion animals comprise symptomatic and supportive therapy, diet and client education (increasing the quality of life, restrict access to the animal, good hygiene). Diet will be adapted at particularities of each clinical case, and may involve food restriction (1-2 days) and a high digestible, low-fat diet. To increase the quality of life, the microclimate conditions should be reconsidered. Development of a treatment plan for salmonella infections aims to facilitate the application of the best therapy but especially the removal of possible errors. The form of treatment depends on the severity of illness. The symptomatic treatment consists of replacing fluid and electrolyte losses: polyionic isotonic solutions, plasma transfusions, hypertonic glucose solutions. Specific treatment is chosen after culture and susceptibility testing (DST). As a conclusion, therapeutic management of salmonellosis should be approached as a plan, following all goals and using the best antimicrobial therapy in order to control the risk of creating carrier animals.
POSTCYCLIC TRANSMISSION AND ITS EFFECT ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF PAULISENTIS MISSOURIENSIS (ACANTHOCEPHALA) IN THE DEFINITIVE HOST SEMOTILUS ATROMACULATUS

The relationship of fish age class to parasitism by Paulisentis missouriensis was determined by sampling at least 29 creek chubs, Semotilus atromaculatus, from Easly Creek, Richardson County, Nebraska, every month from February 1996 to March 1997. In general, mean abundance and prevalence of the acanthocephalans increased with the age or length of chubs. It is unlikely that this distribution is explained by increased consumption of intermediate hosts by older, larger fish or by predatory fish acquiring parasites from paratenic hosts. The intermediate host for P. missouriensis is the cyclopoid copepod Acanthocyclops robustus, and creek chubs do not consume more microscopic crustaceans as they age or grow. Instead, the percentage of fish in the diet of creek chubs increases. Furthermore, P. missouriensis apparently does not use paratenic hosts. In laboratory infections, P. missouriensis survived predation of its original definitive host and transferred to the predator. Postcyclically transmitted P. missouriensis survived at least 14 days in the intestine of creek chubs, where they localized around the first flexure beyond the stomach. All stages of development of both sexes were transferred successfully. Postcyclic transmission is a plausible explanation, in some cases, for the greater worm burden frequently observed in older, larger hosts and for the occurrence in top carnivores of parasites not known to have paratenic hosts. This method of transmission appears to result in distribution of acanthocephalans to groups of animals that otherwise would be inaccessible.
Selective Voltage Noise Cancellation in Three-Phase Inverter Using Random SVPWM

This study has focused on the noise elimination at a selected frequency from the line voltage of a two-level three-phase inverter, when it is driven by random space-vector pulse-width modulation. Distribution of noise power in a wide range of frequencies in the conventional random pulse-width modulation (RPWM) methods may cause system resonant frequency excitation. Therefore, it can increase the acoustic noise and vibration in loads of inverters, especially ac motors. Thus, for the effective utilization of RPWM techniques, it is necessary to cancel noise at a specified frequency. The proposed method is able to create a gap in the spectrum of the line voltage at a selective frequency in the human hearing range. Therefore, unlike conventional RPWM techniques, switching periods are determined based on the position of the rotary reference vector. The presented relation between switching periods and the reference vector is used for the conventional space-vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) and two-phase SVPWM. The simulation and experimental results confirm that the proposed method effectively creates a gap at the selected frequency in power spectrum density of the line voltage of the three-phase inverter using random SVPWM.
INTERACTION HOMME-MACHINE ADAPTATIVE

Mes travaux se situent a la frontiere des champs disciplinaires que sont l'Interaction Homme-Machine d'une part et le genie logiciel d'autre part. L'objectif general est de fournir des modeles, methodes et outils pour construire et implementer a moindre cout des applications interactives adaptatives et/ou facilement adaptables a divers contextes d'utilisation dans le respect d'une demarche qualite. En effet, la variabilite des dispositifs d'interaction, des utilisateurs eux-memes et de l'environnement dans lequel s'effectuent les interactions impose aujourd'hui de supporter divers niveaux d'adaptation. Les travaux realises a ce jour ont permis d'apporter des resultats significatifs en ce qui concerne la definition de classifications et de grilles d'analyse, les processus de conception et de construction, l'instrumentalisation des methodes associees, les techniques specifiques d'adaptation notamment s'appuyant sur le profil cognitif des utilisateurs, mais aussi les methodologies d'analyse des usages et de l'efficacite et la pertinence des adaptations.
Palate development.

In all vertebrates, the secondary palate arises as bilateral outgrowths from the maxillary processes. In birds and most reptiles, these palatal shelves grow initially horizontally, but do not fuse with each other resulting in physiological cleft palate. In crocodilians, shelf fusion occurs resulting in an intact secondary palate. Mammalian palatal shelves initially grow vertically down the side of the tongue, but elevate at a precise time to a horizontal position above the dorsum of the tongue and fuse with each other to form an intact palate. Palatal shelf-elevation is the result of an intrinsic shelf elevating force, chiefly generated by the progressive accumulation and hydration of hyaluronic acid. In all vertebrates the nasal epithelium differentiates into pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells and the oral epithelia differentiates into stratified squamous cells, but the medial edge epithelial (MEE) phenotype differs in different groups. In mammals, the MEE of opposing shelves adhere to each other to form an epithelial seam which then disrupts by cell death and cell migration into the mesenchyme accompanied by an epitheliomesenchymal transformation. In birds, the MEE keratinize resulting in cleft palate whereas, in alligators, the MEE migrate onto the nasal aspect of the palate. In all vertebrates, this regional, temporal and species-specific epithelial differentiation is specified by the underlying mesenchyme. Signalling of this interaction is complex but involves both extracellular matrix and soluble factors e.g. minor collagen types, tenascin, EGF, TGF alpha, TGF beta, PDGF, FGF. These soluble growth factors have a biphasic effect: directly on the epithelia and on the mesenchyme where they stimulate or inhibit cell division and synthesis of specific extracellular matrix molecules. The extracellular matrix molecules (and bound growth factors) synthesized by the mesenchymal cells may then directly affect the epithelium. These signals cause differential gene expression via second messenger systems e.g. cAMP, cGMP, Ca2+, pH, pI etc. Molecular markers for nasal, medial and oral epithelial cell differentiation include the types of cytokeratin intermediate filaments and specific cell surface molecules recognized by monoclonal antibodies: the genes for such molecules are probably expressed in response to mesenchymal signals. Using such an approach, it is possible to go from a morphological description of palate development to a cellular analysis of the mechanisms involved and then to identification of candidate genes that may be important for screening and diagnosis of cleft palate.
Named Entity Recognition in Indian Languages Using Maximum Entropy Approach

This paper reports about the development of a Named Entity Recognition (NER) system in Indian languages, particularly for Bengali, Hindi, Telugu, Oriya and Urdu using the statistical Maximum Entropy (ME) framework. We have used the annotated corpora, obtained from the IJCNLP-08 NER Shared Task for South and South East Asian Languages (NERSSEAL) and tagged with the twelve NE tags. An appropriate tag conversion routine has been developed in order to convert these corpora to the forms, tagged with four NE tags, namely Person name, Location name, Organization name and Miscellaneous name. The system makes use of the different contextual information of the words along with the variety of orthographic word-level features that are helpful in predicting the four NE classes. In this work, we have considered language independent features as well as language specific features. Language independent features include the contextual words, prefixes and suffixes of all the words in the training corpus, several digit features depending upon the presence and/or the number of digits in a token, first word of the sentence and the frequency features of the words. The system considers linguistic features, particularly for Bengali and Hindi. Linguistic features of Bengali include the set of known suffixes that may appear with NEs, clue words that help in predicting the location and organization names, words that help to recognize measurement expressions, designation words that help to identify person names, various gazetteer lists like the first names, middle names, last names, location names, organization names, function words, month names, weekdays, etc. As part of linguistic features for Hindi, the system uses only the lists of first names, middle names, last names, function words, month names and weekdays along with the list of words that helps to recognize measurements. In addition to the other features, part of speech (POS) information of the word has been also considered for Bengali and Hindi. No linguistic features have been considered for Telugu, Oriya and Urdu. It has been observed from the evaluation results that the use of linguistic features improves the performance of the system. The system has been trained with 122,467 Bengali, 502,974 Hindi, 64,026 Telugu, 93,173 Oriya and 35,447 Urdu tokens. The system has demonstrated the highest overall average Recall, Precision, and F-Score values of 88.01%, 82.63%, and 85.22%, respectively, for Bengali with the 10-fold cross validation test. Experimental results of the 10-fold cross validation tests on the Hindi, Telugu, Oriya, and Urdu data have shown the overall average F-Score values of 82.66%, 70.11%, 70.13%, and 69.3%, respectively.
On incentive of customer-provided resource sharing in cloud

The state-of-the-art cloud computing service has attracted significant interests from the Internet users. However, in the existing cloud platforms, the cloud users are pure consumers; their local resources, though abundant, have been largely ignored. In this paper, we for the first time explore the resource pricing as well as the incentive issues in SpotCloud, a real-world system that enables customer-provided cloud computing service on the Internet. In this system, the resource providers are largely heterogeneous and are not forced to contribute their resources. A working business model is therefore important to offer them enough sharing incentive. Instead of setting a standardized pricing rule for unit resource, we suggest a distributed market that allows the sellers to decide the quality, quantity, and pricing of their own resources. We demonstrate the efficiency of this business model through a repeated seller competition game. The trace-analysis further indicates that the proposed business model can successfully motivate the resource sharing in our Spotcloud system.
Contrôle et simulations numériques en chimie quantique

Une partie importante des simulations en chimie quantique computationnelle utilisent aujourd'hui des techniques tres avancees de mathematiques appliquees et de calcul scientifique. Ainsi ce champ d'application suscite un interet croissant de la part des numericiens et fournit des sujets de reflexion d'une grande complexite aussi bien theorique que pratique. Ayant aborde ce domaine de recherche lors de mon stage de DEA et ensuite lors de ma these, mes recherches en chimie quantique computationnelle ont continue par la suite et seront l'objet central de ce memoire. La presentation de mes travaux a ete divisee en chapitres thematiques. Apres un chapitre introductif sur l'equation de SchrAodinger et ses approximations, le second chapitre, dedie aux methodes de discretisation, presente mes contributions theoriques sur la methode des bases reduites. Le troisieme chapitre traite de l'analyse d'erreur a posteriori qui, de la meme facon que les barres d'erreur sont utilisees lors des experiences reelles, permet de donner des informations quantitatives sur la confiance a mettre dans le resultat d'une simulation numerique. Cette methode est appliquee a deux situations : le calcul du mouvement nucleaire et les calculs de structure electronique. Une autre contribution qui utilise les memes techniques et qui aboutit sur la construction d'algorithmes de type Newton pour les equations de Kohn-Sham est presente en Section 3.4. Passant aux equations dependantes de temps, le Chapitre 4 introduit un schema parallele en temps pour la resolution des equations d'evolution. L'extension de cette approche a des situations de controle est aussi detaillee. Situe au coeur de mes recherches en chimie quantique, l'etude du controle des phenomenes au niveau atomique est decrit Chapitre 5. Apres une courte introduction je presente en Sections 5.2 et 5.3 mes travaux sur la controlabilite des equations bilineaires intervenant dans la description mathematique de l'interaction laser-matiere. Ces resultats continuent a la Section 5.4 avec une application a la discrimination optimale des systemes quantiques. Ensuite, dans la Section 5.5, je traite des algorithmes d'optimisation utilises pour de la recherche par des simulations numeriques de champs laser realisant les objectifs du controle. Enfin, au Chapitre 6, on trouve un travail sur un modele en epidemiologie. Le Chapitre 7 reunit quelques projets de recherche en cours ou bien a plus long terme qui font suite aux travaux des chapitres precedents.
Can natural fibers be a silver bullet? Antibacterial cellulose fibers through the covalent bonding of silver nanoparticles to electrospun fibers

Natural cotton was dissolved in a room-temperature ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methyl acetate and wet-jet electrospun to obtain nanoscale cotton fibers with a substantially reduced diameter—and therefore an increased surface area—relative to natural cotton fibers. The resulting nano-cotton fibers were esterified with trityl-3-mercaptopropionic acid, which after selective de-tritylation afforded nano-cotton fibers containing reactive thiol functionality. Silver nanoparticles that were covalently attached to these sulfhydryl groups were assembled next. The microstructure of the resulting nanocomposite was characterized, and the antibacterial activity of the resulting nano-cotton Ag-nanoparticle composite was also studied. This nanocomposite showed significant activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
Multi-objective power management strategy for MMC-Based EV Fleet Integrated into smart grid

A modular multilevel converter (MMC) is a possible solution to integrate EV fleet into grid by embedding EVs into the DC link of each sub-module of MMC. However, considering differences of initial SOC and charge/discharge demand for each EV connected to the MMC, it is a big problem to control the MMC with EV fleet to reach the multiple control objectives such as responding to utility dispatching commands, dynamic power control according to the charging/discharging demand from each individual EV. In order to address the mentioned control objectives, this paper proposes a multi-objective power management strategy for MMC-Based EV fleet to be integrated into smart grid friendly based on virtual SOC model. A MMC-based EV fleet system model is established in Matlab/Simulink to verify the availability and feasibility of the proposed system and multi-objective power management strategy. The results show the proposed strategy is able to realize the charging/discharging power differential control and interactive power management between EVs and utility as well as to reduce the negative impact of large-scale application of EVs on utility.
Stability results for stochastic bidirectional associative memory neural networks with multiple discrete and distributed time-varying delays

This paper is concerned with the global asymptotic stability of a class of stochastic bidirectional associative memory neural networks with both multiple discrete and distributed time-varying delays. A new criterion of asymptotic stability is derived in terms of linear matrix inequality, which can be efficiently solved by a standard numerical software. An illustrative numerical example is also given to show the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed results.