Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Temel Bileşen Analizi Yöntemleri Kullanarak Parkinson Hastalığının Otomatik Teşhisi

Parkinson rahatsizligi cok yavas ilerleyen sinsi bir beyin hastaligidir. Bu hastaligin teshis yontemleri arasinda kisilere ait seslerin analizi de bulunmaktadir. Ses analizi ile Parkinson’nun en erken tespiti kullanilan cesitli yontemler sayesinde mumkun olmaktadir. Bu calisma kapsaminda 188 Parkinson hastasi ve 64 saglikli kisiye ait kaydedilmis ses sinyallerine Ayarlanabilir Q-faktor Dalgacik Donusumu (AQDD) metodu uygulanmasi sonucunda elde edilen ozellikler kullanilmistir. AQDD ozelliklerine, boyut indirgeme yontemlerinden temel bilesen analizi (TBA) ve bunun cesitlerinden olan kernel TBA (KTBA) ile olasiliksal TBA (OTBA) uygulanmistir. Daha sonra boyutlari indirgenen yeni veri gruplarina ayri ayri k-kat capraz dogrulama yontemi uygulanarak egitim-test verileri elde edilmistir. Sonraki asamada ise, boyut indirgeme yontemlerinin etkinliginin arastirilmasi icin veriler rastgele orman (RO) algoritmasi ile ayri ayri siniflandirilmis ve elde edilen sonuclar ayrica istatistiksel olcutlerle yorumlanmistir. Siniflandirma sonuclari acisindan boyut azaltma yontemleri icerisinde en basarilisi %87.56 dogruluk orani ile OTBA olmustur. Ayrica bu yontem sonucunda ROC ve PRC alan degerleri yaklasik 0.95 bandina ulasarak hasta ve saglikli sinif ayrisiminin mukemmele yaklastigini kanitlamistir. Gercek yasam uygulamalarina uygun olan bu calismanin performans sonuclari, ayni verinin kullanildigi literaturdeki tek calisma ile kiyaslanmis ve bu calismada diger calismaya nazaran daha yuksek istatistiksel oranlarin elde edildigi gorulmustur. Ayrica verilerin kaydedildigi kisi sayisinin literaturdeki diger calismalara gore yuksek olusu calismanin bu alandaki onemini arttirmaktadir.
An Electromagnetic Time-Harmonic Analysis of Shielded Microstrip Circuits

A Galerkin analysis of microstrip circuits of arbitrary planar geometry enclosed in a rectangular conducting box is described. The technique entails a time-harmonic electromagnetic analysis evaluating all fields and surface currents. This analysis is suitable for the accurate verification of microstrip designs prior to fabrication. A computer program implementing the analysis has been written in Pascal on a personal computer. Agreement with measurements of several microstrip structures suggests a high degree of accuracy.
JPE 16-1-18 Modulation , Harmonic Analysis , and Balancing Control for a New Modular Multilevel Converter

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has been receiving increased attentions in recent years. The new modular multilevel converter is a derivative topology from the traditional MMC in which the number of sub-modules (SMs) necessitated by each phase can be reduced by one. This paper presents a phase-shifted carrier pulse-width modulation (PSC-PWM) for the new MMC with an optimal phase-shifted angle to suppress the harmonics of the output voltage. Further, the harmonic features when the capacitor voltage of the middle SM is selected as two different values are also investigated. Moreover, in order to avoid introducing an unnecessary dc offset current at the ac terminals of the new MMC, a novel capacitor voltage balancing scheme is proposed by adjusting the amplitude of the reference signals rather than the offset. Finally, the validity and effectiveness of the proposed modulation and balancing schemes have been verified by experimental results based on a three-phase prototype of the new MMC.
Valuing the ecosystem services of the Chagos: a review of challenges and estimates

This study provides a preliminary review of the economic value of the ecosystem goods and services of the Chagos Islands, central Indian Ocean, in the period immediately prior to the designation of the Chagos marine reserve in April 2010. The goods and services valued include inshore and offshore fisheries, shoreline protection, scientific value, the islands' possible role in supporting southwest Indian Ocean fisheries and in southwest Indian Ocean reef recovery and its value as a unique and unspoiled ecosystem. The goods and services identified were largely intan- gible, with few associated directly with a market. Both the nature of the subject, particularly the significance of its non-use values and the uniqueness of the site, as well as incomplete data, pre- sented valuation challenges. In order to accommodate these characteristics, estimates of annual economic flow were provided in addition to economic values. The study estimated possible annual economic flows of several hundred million pounds, with an economic value in excess of £1 billion (£10 9 ), with the benefits accruing both regionally in the southwest Indian Ocean and globally.
Examining the effect of top management commitment and end user participation on strategic information system planning (SISP) success from SMEs perspective

Effective IS planning is crucial in line with the growing importance of Information System (IS) in most organizations.It ensures better alignment between the IS and strategic business objectives and ultimately lead to greater value of IS to an organization.Despite efforts to understand IS planning in large organizations, works needed to examine IS planning from small and medium enterprise (SMEs) perspective in view of its unique nature of operation and dominant roles played by its top management.Therefore, this research examines the effect of top management commitment and end user participation on IS planning success.Despite various attempts to improve the response rate, only 68 out of 1,500 Malaysian SMEs responded to the questionnaire survey distributed (4.7% response rate). However, only 31 firms reported IS planning activities which were later considered for hypotheses testing.Fitting the model using Partial Least Squares (PLS) demonstrates significant effects of both top management commitment and user participation on IS planning success with top management commitment reported stronger effect than user participation.
Design of High-Gain and Beam Steering Antennas Using a New Planar Folded-Line Metamaterial Structure

In the last few years, there has been growing interest in employing metamaterials (MTMs) to enhance antenna gain. In this paper we proposed a novel structure of planar folded-line left-handed metamaterial (FL-LHM) and applied it to improve the gain of three 5.8 GHz microstrip antenna types: a circularly polarized patch antenna, an antenna array, and a beam steering antenna. The planar FL-LHM structure was designed based on transmission line analysis. Their scattering parameters were obtained using a numerical model; the negative effective permittivity and permeability were then calculated from these parameters for the assessment of negative refraction index region. The S11 and radiation patterns of three fabricated antennas were measured; these results matched well with the simulation. We observed that the gain was increased up to 3 dBi for all the antennas. In addition, we were also able to maintain the circular polarization as well as the steering of the antenna without changing its dimensions.
Sex ratios of juvenile loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta in the Mediterranean Sea

Species with environmental sex determination may have sex ratios different from 1:1, and so sex ratio is an important variable in studies on the population dynamics of these species. This is particularly important for the endangered sea turtles, in order to understand the possible effects of human impacts and conservation measures. Unfortunately, only adults show an evident external sexual dimorphism, so that sex ratio data are difficult to obtain and are limited for the juvenile class, which represents the largest part of a population. Here we present the first extensive assessment of sex ratio of juvenile loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Mediterranean Sea. A total of 310 dead turtles from four different areas were sexed by direct examination of gonads, the most reliable sexing method. Females were 54.2% of the whole sample, and no significant differences were found between the study areas. However, this value cannot be ascribed to a single population, because specimens from different nesting sites, both within and outside the Mediterranean, share the same foraging areas and each population may potentially contribute with a different sex ratio. Although we found an unbiased sex ratio, when other information from the region about distribution, mixed stocks, and sex ratios are considered, actually present results are compatible with a hypothetical scenario in which a majority of females are produced in the Mediterranean nesting beaches.
Coptotermes formosanus and Coptotermes gestroi (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) Exhibit Quantitatively Different Tunneling Patterns

Tunneling behavior and the spatial dispersion of tunnels constructed by the subterranean termites Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki and Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) (formerly known as C. vastator Light) (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) were examined in foraging arenas. The results indicated that these two termite species construct quantitatively different tunnel systems, supporting visual observations made in earlier studies. Coptotermes gestroi constructed thin, highly branched tunnels, while C. formosanus tended to construct wider and less branched tunnels. Tunnels of C. gestroi showed more spatial dispersion than those of C. formosanus, and this species constructed a larger number of tunnels compared to C. formosanus. The presence or absence of food (wood) within the arena did not influence the tunneling pattern of either species. Although previous observations have suggested that these two termite species exhibit different tunneling behaviors; this is the first quantification of the differences. Comparative studies of the foraging behavior of subterranean termite species contribute to our understanding of their distribution and ecology and may help to improve pest management programs, particularly those based on placement of toxic baits. Moreover, differences in tunneling patterns may reflect different foraging strategies optimized for either tropical (C. gestroi) or subtropical/temperate (C. formosanus) environments.
Rotary Ultrasonic Machining of Advanced Ceramics

Rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) is one of the cost-effective machining methods for advanced ceramics, which is a hybrid machining process that combines the material removal mechanisms of diamond grinding and ultrasonic machining (USM). This paper presents an overview of the investigations on RUM of advanced ceramics. The issues about the material removal mechanisms, process modeling, material removal rate, and tool wear in RUM are reviewed. Directions of future research on RUM are also presented.
Cosmic-ray diffusive reacceleration: a critical look

Cosmic-ray scattering on magnetic turbulence leads to spatial diffusive propagation; if the scattering medium is moving, this will inevitably also cause changes in the momentum of the particles, so-called diffusive reacceleration. This can be described as diffusion in momentum space. Diffusive reacceleration has often been invoked to explain the peak observed in secondary-to-primary ratios at a few GeV, in particular Boron-to-Carbon. This avoids the necessity to postulate an ad-hoc break in the spatial diffusive coefficient, and has be come almost a standard in modelling cosmic-ray spectra. However, at the levels invoked, the process implies a significant input of energy from the interstellar medium into cosmic rays, so that in such models interstellar space competes with the usual accelerators like supernova remnants. The questions arise: is reacceleration really occurring at the high level required to explain secondary-to-primary ratios? and are the energy requirements physically plausible? We address this issue using both analytical and numerical models of cosmic-ray propagation.
Wikipedia-Based Semantic Enhancements for Information Nugget Retrieval

When the objective of an information retrieval task is to return a nugget rather than a document, query terms that exist in a document often will not be used in the most relevant nugget in the document for the query. In this thesis a new method of query expansion is proposed based on the Wikipedia link structure surrounding the most relevant articles selected either automatically or by human assessors for the query. Evaluated with the Nuggeteer automatic scoring software, which we show to have a high correlation with human assessor scores for the ciQA 2006 topics, an increase in the F-scores is found from the TREC Complex Interactive Question Answering task when integrating this expansion into an already high-performing baseline system. In addition, the method for finding synonyms using Wikipedia is evaluated using more common synonym detection tasks.
Interactive effects of predators and a pesticide on aquatic communities

Chemical contaminants are ubiquitous in nature and a major goal of ecologists has been to understand and predict their impacts on natural communities. While direct toxic effects can be garnered from single-species laboratory studies, the full suite of possible effects can only be observed when organisms are embedded within a community. In this study, we manipulated the concentration of malathion (a broad-spectrum insecticide) to determine the impacts on aquatic communities containing phytoplankton, periphyton, and 27 species of animals (16 zooplankton, 5 snails, 3 tadpoles and 3 predatory insects). Using relatively low concentrations (0.13 to 0.46 mg l -1 ), we found important direct (and interactive) effects of predators and malathion on the food web as well as a number of apparent density- and trait-mediated indirect effects. Malathion initiated an indirect effect by decreasing zooplankton diversity and abundance, which propagated an increase in phytoplankton, a decrease in periphyton, and a subsequent decrease in the growth of leopard frog tadpoles. There also was an apparent trait-mediated indirect effect whereby increased amounts of the pesticide reduced predation rates on amphibians without affecting the survival of the primary amphibian predator (larval Anax dragonflies). In contrast, snail survival and growth was unaffected by the pesticide but there were strong, species-specific effects from their primary predator (adult Belostoma water bugs). This is one of few studies to examine the impacts of malathion on aquatic communities across a range of concentrations, despite the fact that it is currently the most commonly applied insecticide in the United States, it is applied around the world, and it can be legally directly sprayed over aquatic habitats to control the mosquitoes that carry malaria and West Nile virus. Our results suggest several mechanisms by which a wide variety of pesticides with similar modes of action might impact aquatic communities.
Playing with Trauma

Just as books and films about traumatic events have become part of Western popular culture, so the theme of trauma and its accompanying tropes have been seeping into video games over the last two decades. In spite of the discernible trauma trend within video games, however, and the potential they exhibit for representing trauma in new ways, they have received very little critical notice from trauma theorists. In this article, we argue that a trauma-theoretical study of games has much to offer our understanding of the ways that trauma can be represented, in addition to giving game studies scholars further insight into how games manage to elicit such strong emotions and difficult ethical quandaries in players. We demonstrate this by performing a close reading of one recent and much-discussed game, The Walking Dead: Season One, analyzing how it incorporates psychological trauma in terms of inter(re)activity, empathy, and complicity.
An sparsity-based approach for spectral image target detection from compressive measurements acquired by the CASSI architecture

Hyperspectral imaging entails data typically spanning hundreds of contiguous wavebands in a certain spectral range. Each spatial point in hyperspectral images is therefore represented by a vector whose entries correspond to the intensity on each spectral band. These images enable object and feature detection, classification, or identification based on their spectral characteristics. Novel architectures have been developed for the acquisition of compressive spectral images with just a few coded aperture focal plane array measurements. This work focuses on the development of a target detection approach in hyperspectral images directly from compressive measurements without first reconstructing the full data cube that represents the real image. Specifically, a sparsity-based target detection model that uses compressive measurement for the detection task is designed and tested using an optimization algorithm. Simulations show that it is possible to perform certain transformations to the dictionaries used in traditional target detection, in order to achieve an accurate image representation in the compressed subspace
The study on low-quality images Geometric Facial Feature Extraction

Face recognition method is a heatedly discussed topic in the field of current pattern recognition and artificial intelligence. Although the face recognition technology has made great achievements, most of the face recognition technologies only focus on the high-resolution images in algorithm design and model training, because the human face images have different sources, some images exhibit very poor resolution, such as fuzzy, high noise and low resolution, which have increased the difficulty of image recognition. Based on the characteristics of low-quality images, this paper first uses wavelet transform to preprocess the images to improve the extraction accuracy of geometric features, adopts the geometric feature normalization method, compares the different selection methods’ pros and cons for the face image geometric feature, obtains the corresponding selection method, and effectively improves the recognition effect. This paper describes the experimental analysis of algorithm in the C++ platform. The results show that the algorithm solves the failed recognition of low-quality face images, and improves the face recognition capabilities towards such images. Keywords—Fac Recognition; Low-quality Image; Geometric Feature; Wavelet Transform; Feature Extraction
Creation of a high spatio-temporal resolution global database of continuous mangrove forest cover for the 21st century (CGMFC-21)

Aim To provide high-resolution local, regional, national and global estimates of annual mangrove forest area from 2000 through to 2012 with the goal of driving mangrove research questions pertaining to biodiversity, carbon stocks, climate change, functionality, food security, livelihoods, fisheries support and conservation that have been impeded until now by a lack of suitable data. Location Global, covering 99% of all mangrove forests. Methods We synthesized the Global Forest Change database, the Terrestrial Ecosystems of the World database and the Mangrove Forests of the World database to extract mangrove forest cover at high spatial and temporal resolutions. We then used the new database to monitor mangrove cover at the global, national and protected area scales. Results Countries showing relatively high amounts of mangrove loss include Myanmar, Malaysia, Cambodia, Indonesia and Guatemala. Indonesia remains by far the largest mangrove-holding nation, containing between 26% and 29% of the global mangrove inventory with a deforestation rate of between 0.26% and 0.66% per year. We have made our new database, CGMFC-21, freely available. Main conclusions Global mangrove deforestation continues but at a much reduced rate of between 0.16% and 0.39% per year. Southeast Asia is a region of concern with mangrove deforestation rates between 3.58% and 8.08%, this in a region containing half of the entire global mangrove forest inventory. The global mangrove deforestation pattern from 2000 to 2012 is one of decreasing rates of deforestation, with many nations essentially stable, with the exception of the largest mangrove-holding region of Southeast Asia. We provide a standardized spatial dataset that monitors mangrove deforestation globally at high spatio-temporal resolutions. These data can be used to drive the mangrove research agenda, particularly as it pertains to monitoring of mangrove carbon stocks and the establishment of baseline local mangrove forest inventories required for payment for ecosystem service initiatives.
Graphing Calculator Exposure of Mathematics Learning in a Partially Technology Incorporated Environment

Integrating technology in the mathematics curriculum has become a necessary task for curriculum developers as well as mathematics practitioners across the world and time. In general research studies seeking a better understanding of how best to integrate mathematics analysis tools with mathematics subject matter normally observe mathematics lessons taught exclusively in a technology enriched environment or computer lab. In some universities where paper and pencil examination is the major assessment tool, undergraduate mathematics courses are still taught in a traditional manner that takes care of the algorithmic and procedural steps. This paper relates a study that embarks on the technology exposure claiming that human action is mediated by technological setting. Situated in a traditional classroom setting where there is more teaching and less hands-on, it reports foundation students’ acceptance of technology-in-mathematics interaction in a typical course enriched with graphing calculator (GC) deliberated in the worksheets with printed GC commands alongside each question. Data was collected from students’ worksheets and also questionnaire that measures attitudes towards technology in mathematics from a class of 763 pre-university students. The results may enlighten mathematics practitioners about the feasibility of taking full advantage of technology to teach mathematics in a partially technology incorporated mathematics course
Characterization of sirodesmins isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Leptosphaeria maculans

The pathogenicity of phytopathogenic fungi is associated with phyto- toxins, especially with their chemical nature and quantity. Sirodesmins are phytotoxins from the epipolythiodioxopiperazines group, produced by the fun- gus Leptosphaeria maculans, which are a cause of blackleg and stem canker in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The aim of this work was to obtain a detailed chemical profile of sirodesmins in five fungal isolates (four from Vojvodina, Serbia, and one from the Centre for Agricultural Research, Rothamsted, UK). Sirodesmins showing different phytotoxicity on treated cotyledons of cv. Quinta were separated and detected by thin layer chromatography in all analysed isolates (L.m, C-3, St-5 and S-11) except K-113, which neither con- tained sirodesmin congeners nor did it exhibit activity. By use of high per- formance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometer, it was possible to identify total of 10 sirodesmins, together with their precursor - phomamide. It was found that the dominant epipolythiodioxopiperazines of the investigated L. maculans isolates were sirodesmin PL, sirodesmin C, and their de-acetylated derivatives.