Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrating African values into the Institutionalised Education and its Implications for the Youth in Kenya

African countries have for a long time emphasized on the role of institutionalised education in promoting economic and social development. Indeed, education is considered a gateway to furnishing the continent not only with the future manpower but with inculcating values which contribute to the enrichment of peoples" lives. In Kenya institutionalised education has impacted both negatively and positively to the present generation. Globalized way of exchanging ideas, new opportunities and communication has come as a result of formal education which was received and domesticated as institutionalised system of education. This is a positive thing as people can share information and communicate freely and easily across the globe. In spite of this, the negative impact seems to outweigh the positive due to the emerging trends of unfulfilled goals. High rates of unemployment, cyber and electronic crimes, irresponsible parenthood and lack of integrity are just a few indicators of how institutionalized education is negatively impacting on the young generation in Kenya and Africa at large. Those who graduate from most educational institutions are not being fruitful to the society as expected. This paper discusses how traditional education in Kenya can be integrated with institutionalised education. The integrated education will develop the students morally, intellectually, emotionally,
Incentives in Hedge Funds

We investigate a game of delegated portfolio management such as hedge funds featuring risk-neutrality, hidden types, and hidden actions. We show that capital gain tax plays the decisive role in solving the incentive problem. We characterize the constrained optimal fee scheme and capital gain tax rate; the fee after taxation must be linear and affected by gains and losses in a low-powered and symmetric manner. We argue that high income tax incentivizes managers to select this scheme voluntarily. The equity stake suppresses the distortion caused by solvency.
ASYLUM RECEPTION CENTRE IN CYPRUS: SETTING THE BASES FOR A CONTEMPORARY ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

The purpose of this article is to present the living conditions and services provided at Kofinou Asylum Reception Centre in Cyprus through a Project funded by the European Refugee Fund and the Republic of Cyprus. It is based on the knowledge gained, when an academic institution initiated the operational transformation of the Centre towards an organisational structure that would adopt modern principles of organisational management, parallel to the provision of comprehensive social welfare support. The main presenting pillars include details about a) The provision of counselling and supporting services, which were provided to the residents of the centre b) Administrative support for the daily operation and c) The design and implementation of educational and recreational activities. Emphasis was drawn upon the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that were identified. It is suggested that both residents and staff’s active participation provided opportunities for those involved to investigate possible individual and organisational transformation over time, as participative ‘bottom-up’ approaches of organisational learning are generated. The knowledge generated could be used as a paradigm to lead policy-makers and central administration to accept the development of cross-system thinking and planning. It is also expected that decision-making flexibility will be increased through constant feedback from the bottom to the upper level and
Financial market instability and CO2 emissions

Capital markets may be an important tool in the reduction of pollution emissions. Indeed, they provide firms with an incentive to maintain a good environmental record (or at least, a good reputation) in order to maximize the value of their equity shares. Also, efficient capital markets may facilitate financing of environmentally friendly projects and reduce problems resulting from asymmetric information. In this paper, I use a panel of 36 countries between 1981 and 2007 to study the impact of financial market instability on CO2 emissions at the national level. According to my results, higher financial stability is beneficial for the environment.
Institutional Perspective on Policing

This article suggests that American municipal police departments are highly institutionalized organizations and should be studied in terms of how their formal structure and activities are shaped by powerful myths in their institutional environment. The incorporation of powerful myths into the structure and activities of police departments enables them to attain legitimacy; with legitimacy comes stability and protection from outside interference by powerful sovereign actors who are present in the enveloping institutional environment. However, legitimacy problems arising from conflicting institutional myths may precipitate full-blown organizational crises. Such police department crises are resolved ceremonially through a ritual that combines the public degradation of the department and the removal and replacement of the disgraced police chief by a new chief with a "legitimating" mandate.
Chemical composition of shells of Cepaea vindobonensis (Férussac, 1821) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Helicidae) from localities with different substrata

Chemical composition of shells of Cepaea vindobonensis (Ferussac) from sites with carbonate and carbonate-silica bedrock in central and south-eastern Poland and from alluvial deposits of the Vistula River indicates a relation between the chemism of the environment in which the species occurs and the chemical composition of the shells. The ability to accumulate heavy metals in the shell of C. vindobonensis makes this species a potential bioindicator.
Fluorescence enhancement and strong-coupling in faceted plasmonic nanocavities

Emission properties of a quantum emitter can be significantly modified inside nanometre-sized gaps between two plasmonic nanostructures. This forms a nanoscopic optical cavity which allows single-molecule detection and single-molecule strong-coupling at room temperature. However, plasmonic resonances of a plasmonic nanocavity are highly sensitive to the exact gap morphology. In this article, we shed light on the effect of gap morphology on the plasmonic resonances of a faceted nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) nanocavity and their interaction with quantum emitters. We find that with increasing facet width the NPoM nanocavity provides weaker field enhancement and thus less coupling strength to a single quantum emitter since the effective mode volume increases with the facet width. However, if multiple emitters are present, a faceted NPoM nanocavity is capable of accommodating a larger number of emitters, and hence the overall coupling strength is larger due to the collective and coherent energy exchange from all the emitters. Our findings pave the way to more efficient designs of nanocavities for room-temperature light-matter strong-coupling, thus providing a big step forward to a non-cryogenic platform for quantum technologies.
Preparation and Characterization of Silicate Hydroxyapatites Used for Copper Sorption

Hydroxyapatite is a major bone component and for this reason it is mostly used as biomaterial. Due to its high absorption capacity new application fields can be approached for example in water purification as a metals retaining agent. The adsorption capacity is greatly influenced by the specific surface of the material. Several studies were made to increase the specific surface by introducing silicates in the crystal structure. In our work a different quantity of soluble silica (sodium silicate) was added in preparation phase to hydroxyapatite. Some quantities of the prepared materials were heat treated (calcined) at 1000°C and both the calcined and non-calcined samples were characterized by: IR spectroscopy, SEM, RX measurements. Specific surface, porosity, particle size distribution was also determined. All these materials were engaged in copper retaining processes. Copper sorption was monitored with the copper selective electrode. The influence of silica content, granulometry, calcination, initial copper concentration and temperature was determined. The sorption efficiency of the non-calcined and calcined materials differed greatly. The increase of the temperature and the decrease of the particles size decreased the reaction time. The increase of the initial copper concentration is in a direct ratio with the reaction time.
Soil organic carbon stocks in verges and urban areas of Flanders, Belgium

Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in different terrestrial ecosystems have already been calculated. However, SOC stocks of grassy verges and grass-covered urban areas have never been reported. In this study the total grass-covered area of verges and urban areas in differ­ ent agro-pedological regions of Flanders, Belgium was calculated and SOC stocks estimated. The total grassy area of verges along roads, waterways and railways was calculated to be 18 027 ha, 9530 ha for gardens and parks and 2360 ha for recreations areas. Total SOC stock for grass-covered verges, extrapolated to a depth of 1 m, was estimated to be 3520 kt SOC. Total SOC stock for grassy vegetation in urban areas was 1738 kt SOC. These total SOC stocks equate, respectively, to 0AE10 and 0AE05 of the total SOC stock in Flemish grassland.
Resistance training improves hormonal related fatigue and physical fitness in female patients with multiple sclerosis

Introduction: Fatigue occurs in the majority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and MS – related fatigue is strongly linked to impaired physical activity. Exercise may have beneficial effects on both fatigue and physical performance in MS patients however it is not well known. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of 8 weeks resistance training (RT) on fatigue levels, hormonal related fatigue and physical fitness in female patients with MS. Material & Methods: Twenty seven female with MS disease in a range of 18-48 year of old and EDSS lower than 4.5 participated in this study as the subject. Subjects were divided into control group (n=13) or training group (n=14) randomly.The training group performed progressive RT program, 3 days a week for 8 weeks. Results: The results showed that fatigue levels decreased and right leg balance (RLB), left leg balance (LLB) and muscular endurance improved after 8 weeks RT compare to the control group (P<0.05). For serum levels of dehydroepiandrestrone sulfate (DHEA-S) no significant differences were observed after the intervention. Conclusions: The results suggest RT with specific intensity and duration utilized in this study improves decrease fatigue levels and improved physical fitness in female patients with MS.
Management of Depression and Related Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Associated with HIV/AIDS and Antiretroviral Therapy

Persons with HIV/AIDS may experience a wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms, including depressed mood, anxiety, irritability, suicidal ideation, agitation and insomnia. These symptoms may be related to psychosocial stressors, biological diathesis to psychiatric syndromes, HIV-related medical illness and/or the medications used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Depressed mood is the most common neuropsychiatric complaint in persons with HIV/AIDS seeking psychiatric evaluation. Prevalence rates of major depression in persons with HIV/AIDS have been reported to range between 22% and 45%. Despite the high prevalence, major depression remains underdiagnosed in patients with HIV/AIDS. Depression has a significant impact on quality of life, has a negative impact on antiretroviral adherence and is a significant risk factor for suicide. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV/AIDS has evolved into a chronic, manageable illness. The management of mental health concerns and neuropsychiatric symptoms has, therefore, become an integral part of comprehensive HIV/AIDS care. Clinical experience to date suggests that psychiatric syndromes in persons with HIV/AIDS and treatment-emergent neuropsychiatric side effects related to antiretroviral medications can be successfully managed using standard psychiatric interventions. The present article focuses on the treatment and management of major depression, including the choice of antidepressants and potential drug interaction considerations. Management of related symptoms of agitation and sleep disturbances are also reviewed.
Rainbow refractometry with a tailored incoherent semiconductor laser source

The authors demonstrate within a metrology experiment the applicability of a recently proposed temporally incoherent semiconductor laser source which relies on nonlinear dynamics. The realized spectrally broadband emission with an output power of 110mW and a coherence length of only 120μm is used in a rainbow refractometry experiment for sizing of liquid droplets, representing an important problem in industrial processes. The observed emission characteristics are attractive for implementation of modern imaging and metrology techniques which are based on the properties of well-directed, temporally incoherent light.
Improving the resource utilization in Wireless Mesh Networks based on Spatial -TDMA

Wireless Mesh Networks are expected to gain significant importance in the telecommunication market in the near future. Nevertheless, some critical factors menace them not to achieve their expected features. In this thesis we focus our research on the improvement of their performance. To face the multiple access issue we consider the utilization of Spatial Time Division Multiple Access (STDMA). STDMA benefits from the spatial distribution of nodes allowing the reuse of timeslots by users sufficiently far apart. This feature permits a better utilization of the spectrum, but arises an NP-complete optimization problem consisting in distributing efficiently links into timeslots. In the first part of the thesis, we will address the link scheduling problem and we will propose two heuristics to try to improve the overall performance of the system. In the second part of the thesis, we will deal with directional antennas, and in particular, with switched beam antennas. Several works have demonstrated the significant benefits of switched beam antennas applied to WMNs. This kind of antennas are formed by several fixed beam patterns that are switched according to the communications requirements. Switching among patterns cause, though, a consumption of energy and a lose of time to stabilize the patterns. A set of algorithms to reduce the switchings without deteriorating the frame length achieved with the scheduling algorithms will be presented.
Dual- Self-Timed CMOS Logic for Low Subthreshold Current Multigigabit Synchronous DRAM

A subthreshold current reduction logic, the dual-VT self-timed (DVST) logic, is developed for the possible application to multigigabit synchronous DRAM. Minimizing subthreshold current is a critical problem in low-voltage CMOS logic. DVST logic has potential advantages over conventional dualVT logic in terms of circuit delay, subthreshold current, operating voltage, and area consumption. A detailed comparison of the conventional logic and the DVST logic is carried out by SPICE simulation. Methods for the determination of the threshold voltages of lowand high-VT MOS transistors, for the optimization of the width of the MOS transistors in the circuit, and for the determination of the delay time of the resetting signal are developed. Examples of basic logic blocks and inverter chains are illustrated with their simulation results. The DVST logic circuit in which the subthreshold leakage current path is blocked by a large highVT MOS transistor can reduce the subthreshold current to the same level of highVT logic. It can operate two times faster than the conventional dual-VT logic at 1.0-V supply voltage by removing the limitation in of the dual-VT logic. In the voltage range of 0.8–1.5 V it operates at even higher speed than the low-VT logic and only below 0.7-V supply voltage it is exceeded by the low-VT logic. Its application to synchronous DRAM, especially in the wave pipeline architecture of the data path, is described.
Features the Self-Diffusion of Oil through Porous Media of Clay

Absract: Self-diffusion features of natural hydrocarbon liquids through porous medium of clay have been studied by PFG NMR method. The samples of oil fields in the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia) were investigated. These were samples of ordinary (light) and highly viscous (heavy) crude oil. As heavy oil was taken the samples of residual oil and high-temperature fraction were extracted from conventional oil. Fluids have been studied both in pure (bulk) form as well as enclosed in porous medium. As the porous medium was used kaolinite (clay mineral) with a specific surface area 9 / . The dependencies of the effective self-diffusion coefficients on the mass fraction of fluid in a medium of kaolinite were investigated. It was found that for systems the heavy oil – kaolinite was observed the usual dependencies , which indicatesthat the liquid’s molecular mobility is decreased with increase of share obstacles in the samples. An anomalously enhanced self-diffusion in the samples of light oil – kaolinite was detected under certain conditions. These conditions are partial filling of porous space the kaolinite by liquid and a sufficiently high temperature in the system. The unusual state of enhanced self-diffusion is caused by the presence of the vapor liquid in the free part of pore space. A fast molecular exchange between coexisting the liquid and gas phases in the samples light oil – kaolinite provides realization the enhanced self-diffusion in them.
Parameter Determination of Milling Process Using a Novel Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization Algorithm

Cutting parameter optimization dramatically affects the production time, cost, profit rate, and the quality of the final products, in milling operations. Aiming to select the optimum machining parameters in multitool milling operations such as corner milling, face milling, pocket milling, and slot milling, this paper presents a novel version of TLBO, TLBO with dynamic assignment learning strategy (DATLBO), in which all the learners are divided into three categories based on their results in “Learner Phase”: good learners, moderate learners, and poor ones. Good learners are self-motivated and try to learn by themselves; each moderate learner uses a probabilistic approach to select one of good learners to learn; each poor learner also uses a probabilistic approach to select several moderate learners to learn. The CEC2005 contest benchmark problems are first used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Finally, the DATLBO algorithm is applied to a multitool milling process based on maximum profit rate criterion with five practical technological constraints. The unit time, unit cost, and profit rate from the Handbook (HB), Feasible Direction (FD) method, Genetic Algorithm (GA) method, five other TLBO variants, and DATLBO are compared, illustrating that the proposed approach is more effective than HB, FD, GA, and five other TLBO variants.
The piezoelectronic stress transduction switch for very large-scale integration, low voltage sensor computation, and radio frequency applications

The piezoelectronic transduction switch is a device with potential as a post–CMOS transistor due to its predicted multi-GHz, low voltage performance on the VLSI-scale. However, the operating principle of the switch has wider applicability. We use theory and simulation to optimize the device across a wide range of length scales and application spaces and to understand the physics underlying its behavior. We show that the four-terminal VLSI-scale switch can operate at a line voltage of 115 mV while as a low voltage-large area device, ≈200 mV operation at clock speeds of ≈2 GHz can be achieved with a desirable 104 On/Off ratio—ideal for on–board computing in sensors. At yet larger scales, the device is predicted to operate as a fast (≈250 ps) radio frequency (RF) switch exhibiting high cyclability, low On resistance and low Off capacitance, resulting in a robust switch with a RF figure of merit of ≈4 fs. These performance benchmarks cannot be approached with CMOS which has reached fundamental limits. In deta.
A Research of Fiscal Expenditure Efficiency Under the Guidance of Targeted Measures in Poverty Alleviation: Enshi in Hubei Province as an Example

Since the implementation of reform and opening up ， China's implementation of the poverty alleviation policy has let more than 600 million people out of poverty, but the problem of poverty still cannot be ignored. With the constant implementation and advancement of the poverty relief policy in our country, the reform of the financial system has been deepened, and the fiscal expenditure has become a necessary way for the government to carry out targeted poverty alleviation. In this paper, targeted poverty alleviation oriented fiscal expenditure is taken as the breakthrough point. Based on the data of 8 poverty counties in Enshi, Hubei, this paper makes an empirical study by establishing panel data model. The analysis concludes that the expenditure of education in fiscal expenditure has the most significant effect on the per capita disposable income of rural residents, with the maximum elastic coefficient value. The positive effects of the two items of social security and employment expenditure and medical expenditure are smaller than those of education expenditure, while the expenditure of agriculture, forestry and water affairs has a negative effect on increasing disposable income.
Novel Applications of Microbial Fuel Cells in Sensors and Biosensors

A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a type of bio-electrochemical system with novel features, such as electricity generation, wastewater treatment, and biosensor applications. In recent years, progressive trends in MFC research on its chemical, electrochemical, and microbiological aspects has resulted in its noticeable applications in the field of sensing. This review was consequently aimed to provide an overview of the most interesting new applications of MFCs in sensors, such as providing the required electrical current and power for remote sensors (energy supply device for sensors) and detection of pollutants, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and specific DNA strands by MFCs without an external analytical device (self-powered biosensors). Moreover, in this review, procedures of MFC operation as a power supply for pH, temperature, and organic loading rate (OLR) sensors, and also self-powered biosensors of toxicity, pollutants, and BOD have been discussed.
Comparison of Er:YAG Laser Flapless Crown Lengthening vs. Open-Flap Bur Approach in Animal Studies

Background: Conventionally, crown lengthening surgery is achieved through an “open” mucoperiosteal flap access procedure and the use of rotary instruments. The introduction of mid-infrared laser wavelengths, e.g., erbium:YAG (2940 nm), has made possible a “flapless” approach to crown lengthening surgery, which has several advantages such as uneventful healing, less edema, and no sutures. Flapless surgery is a blind approach and the outcome of crevicular bony modeling in such a method is uncertain. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the topographic results of both surgical methods in a sheep model.