Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Self-Correctional Hand-Eye Calibration Regime Using Extensive Pose-Image Pairs with Quantifiable Gaussian Errors from Homogeneous Matrices Decomposition

Normally, the eye-to-hand calibration algorithm usually requires 10-20 pairs of coupled robot and object poses in the camera frame to solve the overdetermined linear system of AX=XB. One significant contribution of this research is in quantifying the uncertainties in the results of calibration. The fixed poses represented as homogeneous matrices can be separated into the rotation vectors and the translation vectors, and the rotation vectors are further decoupled into the magnitudes of rotation and the normal vectors representing the direction of rotation. The Gaussian distributions of the magnitudes of rotation, the direction cosines from the average normal direction, and L2 norms of the translation are computed. The spreads of the distributions will not only serve as the close-loop convergence parameters for self-correcting the calibration result, but also as the indicator for the overall quality of the calibration. In addition, given the same set of 100 pose pairs, under the self-correctional approach, we study and compare the rate of convergence, the accuracy of the final calibration results, and the speed of calibration among the algorithms for overdetermined AX=XB developed by Tsai, Park, Horaud, Andreff, and Danillidis.
Presence of .BETA.-lactamase and penicillin acylase in a Pseudomonas sp. utilizing benzylpenicillin as a carbon source.

A strain of Pseudomonas sp. was isolated from activated sludge, growing on a mineral medium with benzylpenicillin as the sole carbon source. During growth the phenylacetate side chain was degraded and utilized. The nucleus molecule of the antibiotic, 6-aminopenicillanic acid, was not used but hydrolysed to penicic acid. Cell-free extracts contained β-lactamase and penicillin acylase activities.
Quality assessment and control in entomophagous insects used for biological control 1

The necessity for quality assessment and control in entomophagous insects and mites depends on a variety of factors that can be summarized in four main topics 1. the genetic structure of a population and the inheritance of attributes, 2. the physical rearing conditions, 3. the rearing diet (host, prey) and 4. the objective of release. The four topics are discussed with regard to their relative impact on the performance of a natural enemy. The interrelationships among the factors are presented in a diagram. The overall quality is divided into major components and single attributes and their importance is discussed. When we try to assess the quality, the problem we are concerned with is to know what, why and how to measure. The next step is the very difficult interpretation of laboratory results and their relation to the field performance. Examples of successful prediction of the field performance based on laboratory assessment of single attributes are presented. The quality control requirements relative to the rearing systems of three successfully applied parasitoids are discussed using a partition of the overall quality into the major components. The need for quality control increases with decreasing natural rearing conditions. In conclusion, each particular situation has to be analysed carefully to determine significant parameters relevant to the field performance.
Self-Service Data Science in Healthcare with Automated Machine Learning

(1) Background: This work investigates whether and how researcher-physicians can be supported in their knowledge discovery process by employing Automated Machine Learning (AutoML). (2) Methods: We take a design science research approach and select the Tree-based Pipeline Optimization Tool (TPOT) as the AutoML method based on a benchmark test and requirements from researcher-physicians. We then integrate TPOT into two artefacts: a web application and a notebook. We evaluate these artefacts with researcher-physicians to examine which approach suits researcher-physicians best. Both artefacts have a similar workflow, but different user interfaces because of a conflict in requirements. (3) Results: Artefact A, a web application, was perceived as better for uploading a dataset and comparing results. Artefact B, a Jupyter notebook, was perceived as better regarding the workflow and being in control of model construction. (4) Conclusions: Thus, a hybrid artefact would be best for researcher-physicians. However, both artefacts missed model explainability and an explanation of variable importance for their created models. Hence, deployment of AutoML technologies in healthcare remains currently limited to the exploratory data analysis phase.
Axon growth promoting and inhibitory molecules involved in regeneration in the adult mammalian central nervous system

Nondiffusable substrate-bound molecules associated with the cell surface and extracellular matrix can promote or inhibit axon growth. Adhesion molecules associated with astrocytes and neurons play a role in promoting neurite growth in vitro. A large number of adhesion molecules have been identified, and these have been grouped into several types. Recent studies indicate that some of these molecules may play a role in axon regeneration in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Inhibitory molecules associated with myelin appear to play an important role in preventing long-distance regeneration of axons of the long fiber tracts. This area is still in its infancy, and only a few myelin-associated inhibitors have been identified thus far. Inhibitors associated with astrocytes have also been identified and are mainly extracellular matrix molecules whose expression is increased after CNS injury. In this article, the influence of various inhibitors in the failure of axon regeneration in the adult mammalian CNS is reviewed. Potential strategies to block or circumvent these inhibitors and take advantage of growth-promoting adhesion mechanisms to stimulate axon regeneration after spinal cord and other types of CNS lesions are discussed. MRDD Research Reviews 1998;4:171–178. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A COMPARISON OF RAPESEED MEAL AND SOYBEAN MEAL AS A SOURCE OF PROTEIN AND PROTECTED LIPID AS A SOURCE OF SUPPLEMENTAL ENERGY FOR CALF STARTER DIETS

Thirty male Holstein calves were utilized in a 2 × 3 factorial experiment designed to compare rapeseed meal (cv. Candle) and soybean meal as protein supplements and 0, 10, and 20% levels of protected lipid as a form of supplemental energy for starter rations. The six rations were fed free choice from 21 to 70 days of the experiment with whole milk fed at 10% of body weight from 0 to 42 days. Starter intake was similar for the two protein sources but significantly less for the ration containing 10% protected lipid compared to either the 0 or 20% levels. Body weight gain was faster for calves fed the starter containing 20% protected lipid compared to those fed the 10% level. Efficiency of feed conversion was greater for calves receiving protected lipid. There were no differences between protein source in dry matter intake, body weight gain, efficiency of feed conversion, apparent dry matter digestibility or dressing percent. Plasma glucose and percent hematocrit were significantly lower and percent kidney f.
Three New Limax Amoebae Isolated from Marine Surface Sediments: Vahlkampfia caledonica N. Sp., Saccamoeba marina N. Sp., and Hartmannella vacuolata N. Sp.

ABSTRACT. Three new limax amoebae, isolated from marine, surface sediment samples are described using light microscopic and fine structural features. One species, characterized by eruptive locomotion typical of the family Vahlkampfiidae, is assigned the name Vahlkampfia caledonica (47.4 ± 16.0 μm × 12.1 ± 3.2 μm). The other two monopodial species move with steady locomotion characteristic of the family Hartmannellidae. One is a Saccamoeba with a distinct posterior bulbous uriod, vaculoes containing prominent crystals, glycocalyx with cup‐like components, and spherical nucleus with central nucleolus. It is assigned the name Saccamoeba marina (72.5 ± 14.9 ±μm × 20. 7 ± 4. 5 μM). The other hartmannellid limax amoeba moves by steady locomotion and has a rather constant monopodial from, lacks a uroid, but has occasional trailing masses of cytoplasm, contains cup‐like structures in the glycocalyx, and is characterized μm). Few limax amoebae have been described from marine environment and these data provide additional evidence that limax amoebae may be more abundant in marine sediments that realized previously.
The Effect of Renewable and Nuclear Energy Consumption on Decoupling Economic Growth from CO2 Emissions in Spain

This study examines the relationship between renewable and nuclear energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth by using the Granger causality and non-linear impulse response function in a business cycle in Spain. We estimate the threshold vector autoregression (TVAR) model on the basis of annual data from the period 1970–2018, which are disaggregated into quarterly data to obtain robust empirical results through avoiding a sample size problem. Our analysis reveals that economic growth and CO 2 emissions are positively correlated during expansions but not during recessions. Moreover, we find that rising nuclear energy consumption leads to decreased CO 2 emissions during expansions, while the impact of increasing renewable energy consumption on emissions is negative but insignificant. In addition, there is a positive feedback between nuclear energy consumption and economic growth, but unidirectional positive causality running from renewable energy consumption to economic growth in upturns. Our findings do indicate that both nuclear and renewable energy consumption contribute to a reduction in emissions; however, the rise in economic activity, leading to a greater increase in emissions, offsets this positive impact of green energy. Therefore, a decoupling of economic growth from CO 2 emissions is not observed. These results demand some crucial changes in legislation targeted at reducing emissions, as green energy alone is insufficient to reach this goal.
Nutrient Dynamics in Slash Pine Plantation Ecosystems

Changes in the distribution and cycling of N, P, K, Mg, and Ca were investigated in plantations of slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii) using an age sequence of replicated stands 2, 5, 8, 14, 18, 26 and 34 yr old. All stands had a similar history of management and occurred within 20 km on somewhat poorly drained Ultic Haplaquod soils in northern Florida. Because of the rapid colonization of these sites by grasses, plant nutrient uptake was already high at age 2 yr. Thereafter, uptake of N, P, K, and Mg increased <50% to a maximum at 8 yr, around the time that maximum leaf area for these stands is reached. Ca uptake increased 130% over this time. Uptake declined after age 8 yr for all elements. Nutrient return in litterfall remained relatively constant after 5 yr. Canopy leaching, estimated as the difference between bulk precipitation and throughfall, was negligible for N and P, but highly significant for all three cations. K leaching from the canopy was greatest and amounted to ^60% of litterfall in mature stands. Internal redistribution of mobile elements (N, P, K) in the vegetation was negligible until the pine canopy closed, but then increased greatly. From 2 through 26 yr, vegetation nutrient contents increased much more than nutrient uptake rates. The surface soil of the youngest stands appeared to be enriched by material added during site preparation. The nutrient content of the Bh horizon increased through the 8th yr, indicating a downward movement of the added material. Soil contents (to 100 cm depth) of total N and double-acid extractable P and cations then decreased over time, with the greatest decline during the first 18 yr. Forest floor contents increased at a constant rate, with no plateau indicated through 34 yr. Annual precipitation inputs of nutrients varied from 0.3 kg/ha for P to 13.5 kg/ha for N, with cation values of 2.6-5.0 kg/ha. Annual ecosystem balances of N, P, K, and Ca appeared slightly positive, while the content of Mg appeared to decline. Nutrient use efficiencies (net primary pro- duction -T- uptake) increased greatly with time and were very high in older stands, especially for P. However, it appears that mineralization processes in these very nutrient-poor systems and the small atmospheric inputs cannot supply the annual nutrient requirements of mature stands, especially for P; this leads to a cessation of vegetative biomass increment around age 26 yr.
PLEIOTROPIC EFFECTS ON SEED DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDETERMINATE GAMETOPHYTE GENE IN MAIZE

A B S T R A C T Not more than half the seeds borne by maize plants of the W23 inbred strain, homozygous for a mutant gene termed "indeterminate gametophyte" (ig), develop normally. The remainder exhibit polyembryony (6 %), heterofertilization (7 %), elevated ploidy level of the endosperm (45 %), or other less frequent anomalies. The ig effects were identified and characterized by chromosome counts and genetic tests. Twins were regularly found to be diploid and concordant for heterozygous marker genes introduced maternally. When the marker genes were introduced paternally, twins frequently were non-concordant, or the embryo and endosperm phenotypes did not correspond. The proportion of the various types and the absence of conjoined embryos indicated that, although identical in their maternal inheritance, the twins were regularly dizygotic. Those twins identical in paternal inheritance probably originate from the fertilization of two genetically identical eggs by the two sperm of one male gametophyte. When ig ig compared to normal diploid plants were pollinated by tetraploids, the proportion of plump seed formed was markedly increased. Evidently this result is the consequence of elevation of the endosperm ploidy level by the ig gene. The ig gene thus appears to interfere with differentiation of the components of the female gametophyte so that
Family Variation in the Morphology and Physiology of White Spruce (Picea glauca) Seedlings in Response to Elevated CO2 and Temperature

Tree improvement programs aim to develop families that are well-adapted to future growing conditions. To gain insight into the stability of the family genetic response to climate change, white spruce (Picea glauca) seedlings from 60 full-sib families were subjected to a combination of two temperature regimes and two levels of CO2 over two growing seasons. There was positive effect of warmer temperatures and higher CO2 on some growth variables but no significant family × treatment interactions. Instantaneous water use efficiency was the only physiological trait that was affected positively by the CO2 treatment, showing a 51% increase that was consistent across families.
Effects of hypoxia and organic enrichment on the coastal marine environment

Eutrophication is one of the most severe and widespread forms of disturbance affecting coastal marine systems. Whilst there are general models of effects on benthos, such as the Pearson-Rosenberg (P-R) model, the models are descriptive rather than predictive. Here we first review the process of increased organic matter production and the ensuing sedimentation to the seafloor. It is shown that there is no simple relationship between nutrient inputs and the vertical flux of particulate organic matter (POM). In particular, episodic hydrographic events are thought to be the key factor leading to high rates of sedimentation and accompanying hypoxia. We extend an earlier review of effects of hypoxia to include organisms living in the water column. In general, fishes are more sensitive to hypoxia than crustaceans and echinoderms, which in turn are more sensitive than annelids, whilst molluscs are the least sensitive. Growth is affected at oxygen concentrations between 6.0 and 4.5 mg O 2 l -1 , other aspects of metabolism are affected at between 4 and 2 mg O 2 l -1 and mortality occurs where concentrations are below 2.0 to 0.5 mg O 2 l -1 . Field studies, however, show that complex behavioural changes also occur as hypoxia increases, and these are described herein. The areas where hypoxia occurs are frequently areas that are stagnant or with poor water exchange. Thus again, hydrographic factors are key processes determining whether or not hypoxia and eutrophication occur. Tolerance to ammonia and hydrogen sulphide is also reviewed, as these substances are found at near zero concentrations of oxygen and are highly toxic to most organisms. However, the effects of interactions between oxygen, ammonia and hydrogen sulphide only occur below oxygen concentrations of ca. 0.5 mg O 2 l -1 , since only below this concentration are hydrogen sulphide and oxygen released into the water. Models of eutrophication and the generation of hypoxia are discussed, and in particular the P-R model is analysed. Although agreement with the model is widely reported the actual predictions of the model have rarely been tested. Our review suggests that the major effects on benthic fauna result from hypoxia rather than organic enrichment per se and suggests that the P-R model is descriptive rather than predictive. Finally, a managerial tool is proposed, based on the stages of effects of hypoxia and organic enrichment suggested by the P-R model and on an earlier study. The proposed strategy involves rapid assessment tools and indicates where more detailed surveys are needed. Managers are advised that remedial action will not produce rapid results and that recovery from eutrophication will probably take decades. Thus it is essential to detect potential hypoxia and eutrophication effects at early stages of development.
Seed Priming with Carbon Nanomaterials to Modify the Germination, Growth, and Antioxidant Status of Tomato Seedlings

The objective of this work was to determine the responses of tomato seed priming with CNMs (carbon nanomaterials), evaluating the changes in germination and biochemical compounds as well as the effect on the growth of tomato seedlings. Five concentrations of CNMs (10, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 mg L−1) were evaluated, as well as an absolute control and a sonicated control. The results showed that seed priming with CNMs did not affect the germination rate of the tomato seeds; however, it negatively affected the vigor variables, such as the root length (up to 39.2%) and hypocotyl biomass (up to 33%). In contrast, the root biomass was increased by the application of both carbon nanotubes and graphene up to 127% in the best case. Seed priming with carbon nanotubes (1000 mg L−1) decreased the plant height (29%), stem diameter (20%), fresh shoot biomass (63%), fresh root biomass (63%), and dry shoot biomass (71%). Seed priming with graphene increased the content of chlorophylls (up to 111%), vitamin C (up to 78%), β-carotene (up to 11 fold), phenols (up to 85%), and flavonoids (up to 45%), as well as the H2O2 content (up to 215%). Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) increased the enzymatic activity (phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In addition, seed priming with high concentrations of CNMs showed negative effects. Seed priming with carbon nanomaterials can potentially improve the development of the tomato crop; therefore, this technique can be used to induce biostimulation and provides an easy way to apply carbon nanomaterials.
Role of some taste additives to enhance poison bait acceptance in the black rat, Rattus rattus L.

Six taste additives - egg yolk, egg shell, sheep blood, chicken blood, yeast and minced meat―were incorporated 2% by weight individually in a bait base of broken rice and wheat flour to enhance acceptability (palatability) of poison bait. Rats under no-choice test (single feed) showed a preference for additive baits as opposed to plain bait. Under paired-choice test (two feed) bait with egg yolk and yeast were signigicantly preferred against reference bait (plain). Egg yolk additive was first and yeast second, in order of preference (.)
Adaptation of growth and photosynthesis to certain temperature regimes is an indicator for the geographical distribution of Cosmarium strains (Zygnematophyceae, Streptophyta)

In contrast to the many investigations on possible relationships between climate and geographical distributions in macroalgae, there are almost no similar studies regarding microalgae. In this study we consider the potential influence of temperature on patterns of distribution of six Cosmarium strains isolated from various climate zones that have been cultured long-term (> 15 years) in a relatively low temperature–low light regime. Growth and photosynthetic parameters, obtained from PAM fluorometry, were used to estimate the physiological characteristics of the strains during and after various temperature treatments. Acclimation to constant temperature and light conditions tended to affect photosynthetic parameters more than algal growth characteristics. However, all of the Cosmarium strains demonstrated physiological responses that were consistent with their source location under both low and high temperature conditions, confirming that such responses are genetically preserved. The Cosmarium strains displayed photosynthetic capacities and levels of the onset of saturation that repeatedly exceeded values recorded for other microalgae and seaweeds, indicating that these desmid strains are adapted to high light. This observation, as well as the relatively high growth temperature optima for all of the Cosmarium strains, provides some support for Coesel's hypothesis on the origin of desmids in the tropical zone. Interestingly, the Cosmarium strains used in this study demonstrated not only adaptive characteristics in accordance with the temperature prevailing at their sampling sites, but also with regard to their evolutionary origin.
NUTRIENT REMOVAL FROM SWINE LAGOON LIQUID BY LEMNA MINOR 8627

Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from swine lagoon liquid by growing Lemna minor 8627, a promising duckweed identified in previous studies, was investigated under in vitro and field conditions. The rates of nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by the duckweed growing in the in vitro system were as high as 3.36 g m–2 day–1 and 0.20 g m–2 day–1, respectively. The highest nitrogen and phosphorus removal rates in the field duckweed system were 2.11 g m–2 day–1 and 0.59 g m–2 day–1, respectively. The highest observed duckweed growth rate was close to 29 g m–2 day–1 in both conditions. Wastewater concentrations and seasonal climate conditions had direct impacts on the duckweed growth and nutrient removal in outdoor tanks. The rate of duckweed production in diluted swine lagoon liquid increased as the dilution rate increased. Duckweed assimilation was the dominant mechanism for nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the swine lagoon liquid when the nutrient concentration in the wastewater was low, but became less important as nutrient concentration increased. Reasonably high light intensity and a longer period of warm temperature could result in a higher growth rate for the duckweed. Pre–acclimation of the duckweed with swine lagoon liquid could accelerate the start–up of a duckweed system to remove nutrients from the wastewater by preventing the lag phase of duckweed growth.