Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Outsourcing in Thermal Hotel Enterprises: The Case of Turkey

The aim of this study is to present the status of outsourcing practi ces in Ministry of C ulture and Tourism registered and operation licensed thermal hotel enterprises in Turkey. This research was supported by 65 out of 72 thermal hotel enterprises operating in Turkey, and it is identified that 22 enterprises use outsourcing. As a result of the evaluation of the data gathered from the aforementioned enterprises, it is ascertained that thermal hotel enterprises consider thermal units, cure units, and SPA/Wellness services as their core competencies and outsourcing is not preferred in these areas, and instead, personnel transportation, security, animation and food and beverage services are mostly outsourced service areas. The important benefits gained through outsourcing are identified as emphasizing more on service quality and proficiency of the suppliers, consideration of the issue from an admi nistrative perspective, increase in service quality, focusing more on core competencies, and reducing costs.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PREVIOUS AND IMPROVED BUBBLE AND SELECTION SORT ALGORITHMS WITH THEIR COMPARISON

Abstract- Sorting essential, especially in the software engineering process is considered. Sorting is used as an immediate step as a piece of different processes. Sorting to track refers to the list of segments in the association of a specific request by ascending or descending order by means of a key description. There are many sorting algorithms have been made accordingly. There are different sorting algorithms like Bubble Sort, Selection Sort, Insertion Sort, Merge Sort, Heap Sort and Quick Sort. In this research paper, we discuss a bubble sort algorithm and two new algorithms sorting, to improved selection sort and improved bubble Sort techniques. Improved selection sort is a provide details regarding the selection sort by advancement it quicker and never stable sort algorithm. Improved bubble Sort is in the request of progress all through the bubble sort and selection sort strategies with O (nlgn) finish as opposed to O (n2) to the bubble sort and selection sort algorithms. They explore two new algorithms, examination, overhauling, and investigation, and the outcomes are competent. Keywords: Improved selection sort, improved bubble sort, selection sort, bubble sort, number of swaps, time complexity .
Novel nano-organisms from Australian sandstones

Abstract We report the detection of living colonies of nano-organisms (nanobes) on Triassic and Jurassic sandstones and other substrates. Nanobes have cellular structures that are strikingly similar in morphology to Actinomycetes and fungi (spores, filaments, and fruiting bodies) with the exception that they are up to 10 times smaller in diameter (20 nm to 1.0 μm). Nanobes are noncrystalline structures that are composed of C, O, and N. Ultra thin sections of nanobes show the existence of an outer layer or membrane that may represent a cell wall. This outer layer surrounds an electron dense region interpreted to be the cytoplasm and a less electron dense central region that may represent a nuclear area. Nanobes show a positive reaction to three DNA stains, [4′,6-diamidino-2 phenylindole (DAPI), Acridine Orange, and Feulgen], which strongly suggests that nanobes contain DNA. Nanobes are communicable and grow in aerobic conditions at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperatures. While morphologically distinct, nanobes are in the same size range as the controversial fossil nannobacteria described by others in various rock types and in the Martian meteorite ALH84001.
THE CLOSE BINARY PROPERTIES OF MASSIVE STARS IN THE MILKY WAY AND LOW-METALLICITY MAGELLANIC CLOUDS

In order to understand the rates and properties of Type Ia and Type Ib/c supernovae, X-ray binaries, gravitational wave sources, and gamma-ray bursts as a function of galactic environment and cosmic age, it is imperative that we measure how the close binary properties of O- and B-type stars vary with metallicity. We have studied eclipsing binaries with early B main-sequence primaries in three galaxies with different metallicities: the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC, respectively) and the Milky Way (MW). The observed fractions of early B stars that exhibit deep eclipses 0.25 < Δm (mag) < 0.65 and orbital periods 2 < P (days) < 20 in the MW, LMC, and SMC span a narrow range of (0.7–1.0)%, which is a model-independent result. After correcting for geometrical selection effects and incompleteness toward low-mass companions, we find for early B stars in all three environments (1) a close binary fraction of (22 ± 5)% across orbital periods 2 < P (days) < 20 and mass ratios q = M2/M1 > 0.1, (2) an intrinsic orbital period distribution slightly skewed toward shorter periods relative to a distribution that is uniform in log P, (3) a mass-ratio distribution weighted toward low-mass companions, and (4) a small, nearly negligible excess fraction of twins with q > 0.9. Our fitted parameters derived for the MW eclipsing binaries match the properties inferred from nearby, early-type spectroscopic binaries, which further validates our results. There are no statistically significant trends with metallicity, demonstrating that the close binary properties of massive stars do not vary across metallicities −0.7 < log(Z/Z☉) < 0.0 beyond the measured uncertainties.
Improved Charge Pump Circuits for Standard CMOS Technologies

Reliability problems such as gate-oxide voltage overstress have become a concern for CMOS circuits as the gate-oxide thickness is scaled down. Gate-oxide overstress is particularly worse for charge pump circuits because they usually operate in high voltage levels. Devising charge pump circuits that avoid such problem is far simpler for CMOS triple well technologies than for standard technologies, nevertheless fabrication costs are higher. Two approaches are usually applied to eliminate gate-oxide overstress in charge pumps designed for standard CMOS technologies, the first is multiple phase control, and the second is dual phase control with doubled voltage swing. The latter has been shown to produce more power efficient circuits, however solutions using such approach still present gate-oxide overstress in some transistors. In this work a simple solution is presented which is shown to be able to overcome the problem. Moreover, simulations have shown that the proposed circuits can reach about 98.2% of voltage multiplication efficiency.
of hepatitis C virus miRNP complexes A miRNA-responsive cell-free translation system facilitates isolation Material Supplemental

Micro(mi)RNAs are 21to 23-nt RNAs that regulate multiple biological processes. In association with Argonaute (Ago) proteins and other factors that form the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), miRNAs typically bind mRNA 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) and repress protein production through antagonizing translation and transcript stability. For a given mRNA–miRNA interaction, cis-acting RNA elements and trans-acting RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) may influence mRNA fate. This is particularly true of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome which interacts with miR-122, an abundant liver miRNA. miR-122 binding to HCV RNA considerably stimulates virus replication in cultured cells and primates, but the mechanism(s) and associated host factors required for enhancement of HCV replication have not been fully elucidated. We recapitulated miR122–HCV RNA interactions in a cell-free translation system derived from cells that express miR-122. Specifically, lysates produced from HEK-293 cells that inducibly transcribe and process pri-miR-122 were characterized alongside those from isogenic cells lacking miR-122 expression. We observed a stimulatory effect of miR-122 on HCV reporter mRNAs in a manner that depended on expression of miR-122 and intact target sites within the HCV 5′ UTR. We took advantage of this system to affinity-purify miR-122-HCV RNP complexes. Similar to functional assays, we found that association of immobilized HCV internal ribosome entry site (IRES) RNA with endogenous Ago2 requires both miR-122 expression and intact miR-122 target sites in cis. This combined approach may be generalizable to affinity purification of miRNP complexes for selected target mRNAs, allowing identification of miRNP components and RBPs that may contribute to regulation.
Clinical and Individual Variables in Ch i ld ren ’ s Denta l Fear

in schoolchildren aged 8 to 12 years old, in Pelotas, southern Brazil. Schoolchildren enrolled in 20 public and private schools were selected using a multi-stage sample design. Sociodemographic characteristics, children’s dental visit and oral hygiene habits were assessed by questionnaires. The Dental Anxiety Question was used to measure dental fear prevalence. Children’s clinical examination evaluated presence of dental caries (DMFT/dmft index) and gingival bleeding. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression with robust variance (prevalence ratio; 95% confidence interval). One thousand two hundred and two children were included. Dental fear prevalence was 24.6%. After the adjustment, girls [PR=1.71 (CI 95%: 1.31-2.22)], children from poorer families [PR=1.96 (CI 95%: 1.36–2.83)], those who had decayed teeth (D/d index>0)[PR=1.32 (CI 95%: 1.01–1.72), and who had never been at the dentist [PR=1.85 (CI 95%: 1.42–2.41) remained significantly associated with dental fear. The prevalence of dental fear indicates that it is a common problem among schoolchildren. Early dental care and dental caries prevention are important factors to prevent dental fear. Clinical and Individual Variables in Ch i ld ren ’ s Denta l Fear : A S c h oo l -B a s e d I n v e s t i g a t i o n
A hybrid flotation-membrane process for wastewater treatment: an overview

Wastewater produced from many industries such as dyeing, textile industry, minerals processing/ phosphate beneficiation, food processing and deinking is either reused after being treated by conventional treatment methods or pumped to drainage systems without treatment. This represents a serious environmental problem and causes challenges to the countries which face water shortages. A hybrid dissolved air flotation (DAF)-membrane process is a promised technology which can be used for treatment of many types of wastewater. Froth flotation is usually used to remove large proportion of suspended or dissolved solids while the membrane cell can reject very small particles. In this paper, a comprehensive review on the treatment of wastewater using DAF process alone as well as a hybrid flotation membrane was discussed. Various ways of hybrid flotation–membrane filtration such as flotation–microfiltration (MF), flotation–ultrafiltration (UF), flotation–nanofiltration (NF), and flotation–reverse osmosis (RO) are al.
Fiscal Transparency and Economic Outcomes

This paper develops indices of fiscal transparency for a broad range of countries based on the IMF's Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency, using data derived from published fiscal transparency modules of the Reports on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSCs). The indices covers four clusters of fiscal transparency practices: data assurances, medium-term budgeting, budget execution reporting, and fiscal risk disclosures. More transparent countries are shown to have better credit ratings, better fiscal discipline, and less corruption, after controlling for other socioeconomic variables.
MPC Controller Design For Low Frequency Vehicle Longitudinal Vibration Suppression

The low frequency longitudinal vibration is one of the key factors that affect the drivability. Therefore, the analysis and control of the low frequency longitudinal vibration of the vehicle has always been a key issue in the vehicle Vibration and Harshness (NVH). In this paper, a new active control strategy for motor torque compensation is proposed to apply to the driveline’s counterforce so as to realize the active suppression of low frequency vehicle longitudinal vibration. In the MPC controller, reasonable parameter selection can improve not only the system's closed-loop performance, but also its stability and robustness. Based on the design of vehicle low frequency longitudinal vibration controller, we choose and design some important control parameters (e.g., prediction time domain, control time domain and weighting factor) to assure the MPC controller achieve the best performance. Besides, we also study the impact of different control parameters by its results, finding out the general impact of the law. The simulation results show that the variable weights MPC controller can achieve better performance by selecting MPC controller parameters reasonably. Keywords-low frequency longitudinal vibration; model predictive control; variable weights
Stochastic evolutionary cartel formation

This paper employs the evolutionary dynamics driven by the Moran process (a special birth-death process) to investigate endogenous cartel formation from the perspective of stochastic evolution of the underlying industry. A Prisoner’s Dilemma game is derived based on the Cournot competition between any two firms. Moreover, in a repeated setting, we consider the normal-form game between two well-known behavior modes: cooperative strategy tit-for-tat (TFT) and non- cooperative strategy always defect (ALLD). We then give the corresponding conditions under which full collusion and partial collusion are established, respectively, in stochastic evolutionary sense. Finally, both the threshold of discount factor and the threshold of industry concentration are endogenously determined in the model.
Comparative Characterization of pcna Genes from Hyphantria cunea Nucleopolyhedrovirus, and Two Cell Lines from the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda , and the Fall Webworm, Hyphantria cunea

Homologues of proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene (pcna) were identified and characterized in Hyphantria cunea nucleopolyhedrovirus (HycuNPV), and two cell lines, NSC-HyCu15B and Sf9, from the fall Webworm, H. cunea, and the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, respectively. The structure of PCNAs from NPVs and their host cells was comparatively analyzed. The HycuNPV pcna homologue had an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide of 250 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight (MW) of 27,080, and shared 34 and 64% amino acid sequence identities with PCNAs of Autographa californica MNPV and Orgyia pseudotsugata MNPV, respectively, suggesting a high degree of divergence within NPV PCNAs. Analyses of pcna cDNAs from NSC-HyCu15B and Sf9 cells showed that both cDNAs encoded polypeptides of 260 amino acid residues with MWs of 28,968 and 29,001, respectively. The NSC-HyCu15B and Sf9 cell PCNAs shared a very high degree of amino acid sequence identities not only within lepidopteran PCNAs (96-98%), but also between lepidopteran and dipteran PCNAs (78-80%). Multiple alignments of PCNAs from representative organisms revealed that NPV PCNAs shared higher identities with PCNAs from insects (30-45%) and other eukaryotes (2642%), and lower identities with PCNAs from archaea (13-23%) and Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus 1 (1525%). No significant closer relationship was observed in the amino acid sequence identities between PCNAs from HycuNPV and H. cunea from which HycuNPV was primarily derived. In addition, multiple alignment revealed that similarly to archaea PCNAs, NPV PCNAs possessed a unique gap around the region that was important for eukaryotic PCNAs to interact with DNA polymerase E . Circumstantial evidence suggested that baculovirus pcna homologues had descended from a common ancestor that was derived by a certain NPV after the split to groups I and II.
Genetic variability in the Indonesian giant clam (Tridacna crocea and Tridacna maxima) population:implications for mariculture and restocking program

Tridacna crocea and T. maxima are relatively abundant in the Indonesian coral reef. These two species are, however, under high presure due to exploitation for food, industry, and aquarium trade. It is, therefore, necessary to understand their biology, such as genetic variability within and between populations, before utilizing them for strain improvement and restocking, prior to the extinction of the populations of T. crocea and T. maxima. Here we amplified a length of 456 bp of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase I gene from Tridacna crocea and of 484 bp from T. maxima to asses the genetic variability within and between populations of both species. The results showed that both species have high genetic diversity and polymorphism within each local population. This provides a sufficient basis for selection of improved strain of T. crocea and T. maxima for mariculture. However, if the genetic variation led to genetic differentiation among populations due to the result of evolutionary adaptation, mixing genetically different populations may result in the break up of co-adaptation gene complexes. This might result in the loss of the physiological capacities of the parental populations.
The role of intrapreneurship for sustainable innovation through process innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises: A conceptual framework

A focus on innovation alone is not sufficient for sustainability in the current hostile business environment. Environment awareness and social impact as well as economic place demands on firms to contribute to sustainable development. As such, there is increased interest in sustainable innovation. On the other sides, intrapreneurship spirit of internal initiative of a firm as firm-specific capabilities is proposed to facilitate this. In the manufacturing firms, process is considered as critical and source to be innovative. Hence, process innovation is utilized to translate intrapreneurship capability for sustainable innovation. To face new circumstances in the business environment for the sustainability of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the role of intrapreneurship in transforming process innovation under existing technology for sustainable innovation achievement is another interesting view to be explored. This paper discusses the role of intrapreneurship in attaining sustainable innovation through process innovation in SMEs and develop it into an integrated framework. The framework shows that the elements of proactiveness, risk taking and autonomy in intrapreneurship provides a leverage for sustainable economic, environmental and social innovation. The study further suggests empirical investigation in the firms for future research.
Defining And Assessing The Abet Professional Skills Using Eportfolio

Lisa McNair, Virginia Tech Dr. Lisa McNair (lmcnair@vt.edu, 540-231-1144) holds a Ph.D. in Linguistics and is an Assistant Professor of Engineering Education at Virginia Tech. She is Co-Director of the Virginia Tech Engineering Communication Center (VTECC), where she is developing communications curricula and assessment methodologies for engineering students and faculty, and conducting on-going research. Her research interests include curricular development and technology; international collaboration and communication; and interdisciplinary team work in electronic engineering design environments.
In vitro Bactericidal Activity of promising nutraceuticals for targeting Multi Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Short Title : Bactericidal Nutritional Enriched Herbs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Objective: We evaluated the bactericidal activity of nutraceuticals against multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The nutritionally valued herbs were screened on the basis of matrix modeling approach and molecular docking based validation analysis. Methods: The database of 38 herbs developed earlier using fuzzy logic based scoring analysis was subjected to molecular docking based validation. The molecular docking (Hex 6.12) analyses of predominant phytoligands (~10 per herb) against Exoenzyme S of Pseudomonas aeruginosa filtered potent herbs were selected. The pre-authenticated bacterial inoculum (10 8 M AN US CR IP T AC CE PT ED ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT CFU/ mL) was added to the sterile nutrient broth impregnated with standardized aqueousalcoholic herbal extracts (1 – 1600 μg/ mL). After overnight incubation at 37°C, antibacterial activity was evaluated in terms of minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations. Results: 05 herbs were selected on the basis of fuzzy set scoring, an herbal informatics model and validation analysis based on Energy of Docking i.e., E value of 380 phytoligands with maximum scoring obtained by Glycyrrhiza glabra. Among the 05 nutraceuticals, Glycyrrhiza glabra showed maximum bactericidal activity significantly (p < 0.05) higher than Amikacin, a standard antibiotic, which was in consonance with in silico bioprospection. Zingiber officinale, despite of low E value, showed considerably higher inhibition attributed towards its highest flavonoid content as compared to other herbs. Conclusion: Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice), a flavoring agent; Zingiber officinale (Ginger), a condiment and; Mentha piperita (Mint), a fragrance component, showed significant therapeutic potential against multi-drug resistant strains of P. aeruginosa.
Formation of structure in the universe

An introduction to modern theories for the origin of structure in the Universe is given. After a brief review of the growth of cosmological perturbations in an expanding Universe and a summary of some important observational results, the lectures focus on the inflationary Universe scenario and on topological defect models of structure formation. A summary of the theory and current observational status of cosmic microwave background temperature fluctuations is given. The final chapter is devoted to some speculative ideas concerning the connection between cosmology and fundamental physics, in particular to ways in which the singularity problem of classical cosmology may be resolved.
Effects of Caffeine on Twitch Contraction Elicited in Frog's Skeletal Muscle Fibres Immersed in Osmotically Anomalous Media (With 7 Text-figures and 2 Tables)

Title Effects of Caffeine on Twitch Contraction Elicited in Frog's Skeletal Muscle Fibres Immersed in Osmotically Anomalous Media (With 7 Text-figures and 2 Tables) Author(s) YAMAGUCHI, Toshio Citation 北海道大學理學部紀要 = JOURNAL OF THE FACULTY OF SCIENCE HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Series VI. ZOOLOGY, 16(3): 324-338 Issue Date 1968-09 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/27450 Type bulletin File Information 16(3)_P324-338.pdf
Non-GAAP reporting following debt covenant violations

We investigate whether firms change their non-GAAP reporting practices after debt covenant violations. We find that the likelihood that a firm will disclose non-GAAP earnings decreases and (for those that continue to disclose) the quality of non-GAAP reporting improves following covenant violations, consistent with stronger shareholder monitoring during this period of scrutiny. Consistent with increased monitoring following a debt covenant violation, cross-sectional analyses indicate that these changes in non-GAAP reporting are concentrated among firms with strong governance. Moreover, we find that investor demand for disclosure (proxied by analyst-provided non-GAAP performance metrics and EDGAR search volume) increases following a covenant violation. Collectively, our evidence is consistent with heightened investor scrutiny following covenant violations, and it casts doubt on the competing explanation that shareholders delegate monitoring to creditors following a covenant violation. Overall, our evidence provides new insights on the determinants of firms’ non-GAAP reporting practices and an alternative view about how debt covenant violations influence voluntary disclosure.