Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Une meilleure connaissance et estimation du risque caniculaire en zone urbaine dense

L'ilot de chaleur urbain est etudie a l'echelle de toute une ville, voire de toute une agglomeration. Depuis quelques annees de nombreux travaux visent a ameliorer leur precision en incluant la geometrie urbaine, le role de la Igetation etc. Or, il reste encore a ameliorer la description de ces impacts a l'echelle de la rue. Cet article rappelle le modele d'estimation (TEB), replonge les donnees calculees dans l'espace geographique pour visualiser les resultats du modele puis propose une methode pour desagreger cette information pour enrichir les previsions a l'echelle de la rue.
Therapeutic Benefits of Glutamine: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses

Glutamine may become a conditionally essential amino acid in patients with catabolic disease as it has been shown that circulating glutamine levels drop during critical illness and following major surgery and this may result in an increase in secondary infection risk, recovery time and mortality rates. However there is much discrepancy in the literature when it comes to randomized controlled studies and so this umbrella review of published meta‐analysis was performed to examine the effectiveness of glutamine's role as a therapeutic agent.
Inflammatory response in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after inhaling histamine

To examine the influence of the histamine chloride challenge test on the bronchoalveolar lavage cell population, lavage fluid from 15 subjects was collected 24 h after the histamine test, and was compared with the lavage fluid from a reference group of 25 subjects. Inhaled histamine is commonly used to quantitate non‐specific bronchial responsiveness. Increase in airway responsiveness after exposure to ozone or allergen is associated with airway inflammation. Bronchoalveolar lavage, has therefore become a valuable tool in the study of bronchoalveolar cells and mediators in subjects with asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The total cell number and differential cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 24 h after inhalation challenge test with histamine‐chloride were studied. There was a significant increase in lymphocytes, mast cells and neutrophils after histamine test. The conclusion was that inhaled histamine‐chloride can induce an inflammatory cell response in the lung. Thus the histamine‐chloride test should not be performed before bronchoalveolar lavage.
Subspace-Based Blind Channel Estimation for SISO, MISO and MIMO OFDM Systems

We develop a simple subspace-based blind channel estimation technique for single-input single-output (SISO) and multi-input multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems based on a non-redundant linear block precoding. A novel contribution is that the proposed method can be applied for channel estimation in multi-input single-output (MISO) systems, where the traditional subspace based methods cannot be applied. Further consideration that can eliminate the multi-dimensional ambiguity for multiple transmitter scenarios is also provided. The numerical results clearly show the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.
Protein disulphide-isomerase: a homologue of thioredoxin implicated in the biosynthesis of secretory proteins.

and have a tendency to aggregate, indicating that formation of a second disulphide in the molecule is accompanied by denaturation of the structure. Reduction of oxidized thymus thioredoxin can be achieved by dithiothreitol or by NADPH and thioredoxin reductase representing a possible autocatalytic control mechanism. Another major difference between the mammalian and the E. coli thioredoxin system is the properties of thioredoxin reductase. E. coli thioredoxin reductase has a subunit size of 33 000 and the native M , is 66 000 (Thelander, 1968). In contrast, thioredoxin reductase from calf thymus or rat liver (Luthman & Holmgren, 1982) have a subunit size of 58000 and a native M , of 116000. Furthermore, the mammalian thioredoxin reductase has a broader substrate specificity and will in addition to thioredoxin-S, also reduce 5,5’-dithiobis-( 2-nitrobenzoic) acid (DTNB), vitamin K, and alloxan. We have recently found a reactivity of the thioredoxin system with an element of great interest. Thus, sodium selenite is a substrate for calf thymus thioredoxin reductase, leading to massive oxidation of NADPH (S. Kumar & A. Holmgren, unpublished work). The reactivity between thioredoxin reductase and selenite represents a novel interaction between selenium compounds and pyridine nucleotides of great potential interest. During these studies we also observed that thioredoxin rapidly reduced selenite (S. Kumar & A. Holmgren, unpublished work). It has previously been known that selenite shows an interaction with glutathione, forming selenotrisulphides. The reactivity between selenite and the thioredoxin system may be of importance in explaining some of the actions of selenium. Since selenite has been shown previously to react with glutathione, relative contributions and reactivity of the thioredoxin and the glutaredoxin system with selenite is a matter for future experiments.
A miniaturized wideband bandpass filter based on 3λ/4 resonator loaded with stepped impedance

This article presents the design of a highly miniaturized wideband bandpass filter. The proposed filter unit consists of 3λ/4 resonator loaded with stepped impedance section of short-ended stub. The required scattering parameters are derived using even-odd mode analysis. For validation, a prototype of the proposed filter is fabricated and tested. The overall area of the prototype is 0. 25λg × 0. 14λg, equivalently 1.95 cm2. The bandpass filter exhibits a 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 121.6% for 1 dB insertion loss. Stopband response of better than 15 dB is achieved up to 2.8f0 by placing two transmission zeros. The measured results indicate good agreement with the simulated results.
Stateless leakage resiliency from NLFSRs

Stateless cryptographic functions are required whenever the two communicating parties are not synchronized (have no memory of previous connection). It is widely accepted that these functions can only be efficiently secured against Side-Channel Analysis (SCA) using the regular countermeasures (masking and hiding). On the other hand, leakage resiliency tries to design new cryptographic functions with inherent security against SCA attacks. Generally, there are two methods to design stateless leakage resilient functions: tree structures and key-dependent algorithmic noise. Unfortunately, the first method is computationally intensive, while the current designs under the second method offer low security guarantees. In this paper, we follow the second approach to design a stateless leakage resilient function using non-linear feedback shift registers (NLFSRs). Our results show that the uncertainty on an n-bit key after any SCA attack exceeds n/2 bits, the birthday boundary, and can approach n bits, the brute-force boundary. We validate security of our structure with mathematical models and Monte Carlo simulation at noise-free conditions.
Immunosuppressive Factors: Role in Cancer Development and Progression

The concept of the immunological surveillance against neoplastic cells was initially proposed by Erlich in 1909 and later elaborated by Burnet. This hypothesis states that the normal function of the immune system, in particular the cell-mediated immunity, is to recognize and destroy the transformed and proliferating tumor cells. The role of cell-mediated immunity during the first steps of tumorigenesis remains controversial. However, there is certain evidence about its importance in the progression and dissemination of cancer. The frequent immunosuppressed condition of cancer patients at tumor relapse or recurrence of secondary tumors is a clinical sign supporting this hypothesis, and many studies have demonstrated a defective immune response in patients diagnosed with advanced cancer. Several mechanisms of escape from the immune surveillance have been described, including the immunoselection of tumor antigen-negative variants, the downregulation of MHC class I expression, suppressive T cells, and the elaboration of immunosuppressive cytokines and other factors. Because of the technical difficulty of isolating the very small amounts from culture supernatants or body fluids, only a few of these substances have been characterized and studied with respect to their biological activity: transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), the protein p15E, interleukin 10 (IL-10), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), mucins, suppressive E-receptor (SER), immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP), and adhesion molecules. The possibility of monitoring cancer patients by testing biochemical factors related to cancer growth led to a proposal to measure a number of these factors as tumor markers. Some of them, e.g mucins, enjoy the consensus of the oncologic community, as for some indications they can help the clinician in the management of cancer patients. Except for the class of mucins, the other above-mentioned immunosuppressive factors have not found any clinical application in the laboratory routine because the information deriving from their measurement, although of speculative and scientific interest, has limited clinical value at present. Nevertheless, even if they have no impact on patient management, these substances do have a potential role to play in the study of cancer patients, and should be taken into account when developing new therapeutic strategies.
New plasmids for the disruption and repeated use of selection markers in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

None of the authors of this manuscript has any financial or personal relationship with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence their work. site (Alani et al., 1987; Güldener et al., 1996; Horecka and Davis, 2014). Others allow gene modifications with no foreign DNA sequences (Akada et al., 2006; Carvalho et al., 2013; Horecka and Davis, 2014; Langle-Rouault and Jacobs, 1995; Storici et al., 2001). Although all these methods work well, they all need PCR to obtain transformation constructs. This means that PCR primers need to be prepared for each locus. In an attempt to overcome this problem, we developed, in this study, a new method for PCR-free recycling of the HIS3MX and kanMX markers. We intended to construct a plasmid, pNK-3, which contains a AgTEF1p-hisG-URA3-GAL1p-GIN11M86-hisGAgTEF1t sequence as an MX-replacing module (MXreplacer) (Fig. 1A). The MXreplacer could convert the HIS3MX and kanMX markers into AgTEF1p-hisGAgTEF1t (designated as hisGMX) in two steps (Fig. 1B). In the first step, the HIS3MX6 or kanMX6 module is converted into the MXreplacer by a double crossover at the AgTEF1p and AgTEF1t sequences shared between the two modules. In the second step, cells that excised URA3GAL1pGIN11-M86 by homologous crossover between the tandem repeat of a hisG sequence are isolated. Such popout recombinants can be isolated by counter-selection because of the presence of the galactose-inducible growth inhibitory sequence (GIN11M86) in the MXreplacer: Cells with the MXreplacer cannot grow in the presence of galactose, whereas the hisGMX cells that lost the URA3GAL1p-GIN11M86 sequence form colonies on plates containing galactose (Akada et al., 2002). The plasmid pNK-3 was constructed as follows. pGG216 (Akada et al., 2002) was digested with BglII and SacII, and a DNA fragment containing the hisG-URA3-GAL1pGIN11M86-hisG module was purified. This fragment was then mixed with a DNA fragment amplified with PCR by using pFA6a-His3MX6 (Longtine et al., 1998) as a template, the forward primer #3414, and the reverse primer New plasmids for the disruption and repeated use of selection markers in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Germ cell restricted expression of chick Nanog

Nanog is a pluripotency‐associated factor expressed in embryonic stem cells and in the epiblast and primordial germ cells of the mouse embryo. We have identified the chick orthologue of Nanog and found that its expression is limited to primordial germ cells in the early embryo and is not found throughout the epiblast. Genomic analysis has shown that Nanog is an amniote‐specific gene and is absent from anamniotes and invertebrates. Furthermore, other pluripotency associated genes that are located in close proximity to Nanog in human and mouse are absent from the chick genome. Such observations lead to a scenario of sequential addition of novel genes to a genomic region associated to pluripotency. These results have profound implications for the study of the evolution of pluripotent lineages in the embryo and of vertebrate stem cells. Developmental Dynamics 235:2889–2894, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human-sitting-pose detection using data classification and dimensionality reduction

The research area of sitting-pose analysis allows for preventing a range of physical health problems mainly physical. Despite that different systems have been proposed for sitting-pose detection, some open issues are still to be dealt with, such as: Cost, computational load, accuracy, portability, and among others. In this work, we present an alternative approach based on a sensor network to acquire the position-related variables and machine learning techniques, namely dimensionality reduction (DR) and classification. Since the information acquired by sensors is high-dimensional and therefore it might not be saved into embedded system memory, a DR stage based on principal component analysis (PCA) is performed. Subsequently, the automatic posed detection is carried out by the k-nearest neighbors (KNN) classifier. As a result, regarding using the whole data set, the computational cost is decreased by 33 % as well as the data reading is reduced by 10 ms. Then, sitting-pose detection task takes 26 ms, and reaches 75% of accuracy in a 4-trial experiment.
Autonomous SLAM technique with stereo vision

This paper proposes some algorithms integrating grid and topology map and its performance is faster and more stable. The proposed scheme uses an occupancy grid map in representing the environment and then formulate topological information in path finding by A* algorithm. The localization process and the dynamic obstacle avoidance can be accomplished by topological information on grid based map. On simulator mapping process is shown and the shortest path is decided on grid based map. Then topological information such as direction, distance is calculated on simulator program then transmitted to robot hardware devices. Only one stereo camera and electronic compass are implemented on our mobile robot and two DC geared motor wheels are individually controlled by PD control method. Stereo matching was accomplished by image processing from two parallel positioned cameras and new algorithms such as fast object labeling, measuring depth by image overlapping and local information of optical flow. Simulations and experimental results show the performance and efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Dichotomy for Pure Scoring Rules Under Manipulative Electoral Actions

Scoring systems are an extremely important class of election systems. We study the complexity of manipulation, constructive control by deleting voters (CCDV), and bribery for scoring systems. For manipulation, we show that for all scoring rules with a constant number of different coefficients, manipulation is in P. And we conjecture that there is no dichotomy theorem. On the other hand, we obtain dichotomy theorems for CCDV and bribery. More precisely, we show that both of these problems are easy for 1-approval, 2-approval, 1-veto, 2-veto, 3-veto, generalized 2-veto, and (2, 1, ., 1, 0), and hard in all other cases. These results are the “dual” of the dichotomy theorem for the constructive control by adding voters (CCAV) problem from [14], but do not at all follow from that result. In particular, proving hardness for CCDV is harder than for CCAV since we do not have control over what the controller can delete, and proving easiness for bribery tends to be harder than for control, since bribery can be viewed as control followed by manipulation.
Contribution to the Adaptive Control of Multiple Compliant Manipulation of Dynamic Environments

An adaptive control of multiple robot compliant manipulation of a dynamical environment is synthesized. It may be implemented when: (i) there is no good understanding of all physical effects incorporated in the multiple robots/object/environment system to be controlled; (ii) the parameters of the system are not precisely known, (iii) the system parameters do vary in a known region about their nominal values. The proposed adaptive control law has the inverse dynamics controller structure and is composed of an identification part (parameter update law), and a control law part. It is proved that the proposed adaptive controller is asymptotically stable. The simulation results verify the proposed approach to coordinated adaptive control of multiple robot manipulators in constrained motion tasks. They also verify that the multiple robots/object/environment system can track a step parameter change.
Chemodenervation of the Larynx

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) has existed for thousands of years; however, it was not medically utilized until investigations into its therapeutic use began in sincerity during the late 1970s and 1980s. This, coupled with the reclassification of spasmodic dysphonia as a focal dystonia, led to the use of chemodenervation for this disorder, which has since become a refined technique. Indeed, due to its safety and efficacy, BoNT has been investigated in multiple neurolaryngology disorders, including spasmodic dysphonia, vocal tremor, and muscle tension dysphonia. BoNT has been shown to be a useful and safe adjunct in the treatment for these disorders and may reduce or eliminate oral pharmacotherapy and/or prevent the need for a surgical intervention. We present the historical background, development, proposed mechanisms of action, uses, and techniques for administering BoNT for laryngeal disorders, with a particular focus on spasmodic dysphonia.
A Framework for the Discovery of Predictive Fix-time Models

Fix-time prediction is a key task in bug tracking systems, which has been attracting the attention of data-mining researchers. However, traditional approaches only try to estimate the overall fix-time of a bug at the moment when it is initially reported, and do not care of updating such a preliminary estimate during the life of the bug. And yet, the sequence of actions performed on bug properties (e.g., its priority/criticality level, status or assignee) can help refine the prediction of the (remaining) fix-time for any bug still open, by adopting the strategy of predictive Process Mining techniques. Since typical bug-tracking systems lack of an articulated task-oriented description of the resolution process, we try to support the analyst in extracting relevant activities, and in mapping them to the low-level bug attribute modifications stored in bug histories. On the other hand, it was shown that the accuracy of fix-time predictors can be improved with the injection of derived data, encoding summarized statistics or high-level information. In order to address the above issues in a systematic manner, a comprehensive methodological framework is defined for the analysis of bug-like repositories, combining two kinds of tools: (i) modular and flexible data-transformation mechanisms, allowing the analyst to easily produce an enhanced process-oriented log, and (ii) a collection of induction techniques, for extracting effective prediction models from such a log. A toolkit supporting the whole approach was developed, and tested on real data from the bug repository of a popular open-source project. Preliminary results confirm the validity of our proposal, and the advantage of exploiting derived data in the prediction of fix times.
Classification of dementia and Alzheimer's disease

Classification of dementia involves the recognition of its presence, followed by the differential diagnosis of its cause. Informant‐based methods for dementia detection can be highly sensitive, even when cognitive impairment is mild. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is by far the leading cause of dementia; standardized clinical criteria result in high diagnostic accuracy rates. Classification of other dementing disorders is less satisfactory, particularly because there is frequent clinical and pathological overlap with AD. After AD, the most common causes of dementia are vascular dementia and dementia in persons with Parkinson's disease. Less common dementias include progressive supranuclear palsy, Huntington's disease, Pick's disease, Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease, and inherited metabolic disorders, most of which are extremely rare. Identifying the cause of dementia is important because some forms can be treated with currently available therapies. In instances involving genetically transmitted disease, genetic testing and counseling of family members may be advisable.
Aldosterone and Nuclear Volume Cycling

The response of target cells to the steroid hormone aldosterone has been divided into acute nongenomic (< 10 min) and sustained genomic (> 10 min) action. In the light of recent experiments this nomenclature does not hold anymore and should be abandoned. By applying atomic force microscopy (AFM) we observed in living endothelial cells that aldosterone induces cell volume increase in less than 10 minutes. The cell nucleus was identified as the swelling site. Hormone-induced nuclear swelling can reach 15 to 28% of total cell volume dissipating within 30 minutes. This phenomenon could have functional impact on flow resistance in small blood vessels. AFM-investigation of the intracellular signal pathway in nuclear envelope of aldosterone-injected Xenopus laevis oocytes visualizes putative intracellular receptors (40 kD granules) bound to nuclear pores 2 minutes after hormone injection, with subsequent macromolecule translocation into the nucleus. 15 minutes later macromolecules (800 kD plugs) appear in the central channels of the nuclear pores. The plugs resemble ribonucleoproteins that carry the aldosterone-induced mRNA to the ribosomes. We postulate that steroid-induced nuclear swelling is caused by a shift of receptors/transcription factors from cytoplasm into nucleoplasm followed by gene transcription. Nuclear volume returns to normal when mRNA export through the nuclear pores is finished. Thus, steroid-induced net-movements of macromolecules between intracellular compartments initiate shifts in cell volume compensated by volume regulatory transporters and ion channels in the plasma membrane.