Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonclassical polarization dynamics in classical-like states

Quantum polarization is investigated by means of a trajectory picture based on the Bohmian formulation of quantum mechanics. Relevant examples of classical-like two-mode field states are thus examined, namely, Glauber and SU(2) coherent states. Although these states are often regarded as classical, the analysis here shows that the corresponding electric-field polarization trajectories display topologies very different from those expected from classical electrodynamics. Rather than incompatibility with the usual classical model, this result demonstrates the dynamical richness of quantum motions, determined by local variations of the system quantum phase in the corresponding (polarization) configuration space, absent in classical-like models. These variations can be related to the evolution in time of the phase, but also to its dependence on configurational coordinates, which is the crucial factor to generate motion in the case of stationary states like those considered here. In this regard, for completeness these results are compared with those obtained from nonclassical NOON states.
FIRST, a fibered aperture masking instrument: on-sky results

We present on-sky results obtained with the visible light prototype of the Fibered Imager foR Single Telescope (FIRST) mounted on the 3-m Shane Telescope at Lick Observatory and using its Adaptive Optics system. This instrument is dedicated to high angular resolution and high dynamic range imaging. Its principle combines both techniques of single-mode fiber interferometry and pupil remapping. Simulations predict a dynamic range up to 106 at /D, or at a few tens of milliarcseconds at 630nm using an 8-m telescope. Laboratory experiments based on a 9-fiber prototype working in the 600nm–900nm spectral band successfully demonstrated the power of the concept. The same prototype has been set-up on the 3-m Shane telescope in July 2010. In this paper, we present the on-sky results obtained in October 2011 with an improved version of the instrument using 18 fibers. They clearly show the detection of the binary star Capella at the diffraction limit of the telescope. λ
Lignin and fiber digestion.

Lignin is a polymer formed from monolignols derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway in vascular plants. It is deposited in the cell walls of plants as part of the process of cell maturation. Lignin is considered an anti-quality component in forages because of its negative impact on the nutritional availability of plant fiber. Lignin interferes with the digestion of cell-wall polysaccharides by acting as a physical barrier to microbial enzymes. Lignification therefore has a direct and often important impact on the digestible energy (DE) value of the forage. There are a number of plant-related factors that affect lignification in individual plants and plant communities. Lignification is under genetic control and there are considerable differences in lignin concentration and composition among species and even genotypes within species. Genetic differences in lignification are first expressed at the cellular level and are affected by biochemical and physiological activities of the cell. As cells differentiate, differences in lignification occur depending on the tissues and organs being developed. Lignification tends to be most intense in structural tissues such as xylem and sclerenchyma. Plant organs containing high concentrations of these tissues, such as stems, are less digestible than those containing lower concentrations. The relative proportion of lignified tissues and organs typically increases as plants mature so there is often a negative relationship between digestibility and maturity. All of these plant processes respond to environmental factors that can affect the extent and impact of lignification. Temperature, soil moisture, light, and soil fertility can have either direct or indirect effects on lignification. The most useful management practices for minimizing the negative effects of lignification are manipulation of the plant community such that it contains more desirable species and harvest management to maintain plants in a vegetative stage of development. DOI:10.2458/azu_jrm_v54i4_moore
Anatomy of vegetative organs and seed histochemistry of Physalis peruviana L.

Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae) is a plant species whose fruits can be classified as fine fruits, which is similar to other species such as blueberry, raspberry, cherry, blackberry and pitaya. The consumption of this fruit remains limited due to cost, which remains high due to limited production, crop management, intensive labor requirements and the associated transport and storage requirements. Studies that investigate the anatomy of vegetative organs may be important from an agronomic point of view because they provide information on anatomical structures and may be applied to cultivation practices. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the type of reserve that occurs in seeds and anatomically characterize vegetative organs of Physalis peruviana L. (physalis). Histochemical tests and anatomical characterization were performed on the vegetative organs such as root, stem and leaf. Cross-sections (apical, middle and basal) of the seeds were examined using histochemical tests with specific dyes and reagents. Leaves and stems were used to examine the anatomy of the vegetative organs. Physalis seeds showed the presence of lipid reserves. The exposure of physalis to the east-west axis promoted thickening of the leaf midrib and blade and promoted the development of secondary xylem and phloem in the stem. Thus, the leaves on this axis appeared to show traits that favor greater radiation tolerance, which is a trait typical of sun leaves. The root of physalis has a uniseriate epidermis with the exodermis just below the epidermis.
Egg Parasitoids of the Leafhoppers Dalbulus maidis and Dalbulus elimatus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Two Maize Habitats

Maize plants with similar numbers of Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) and Dalbulus elimatus (Ball) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) eggs were exposed to egg parasitoids in seasonal and perennial maize habitats. Both leafhopper species were parasitized by Paracentrobia tapajosae Viggiani (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), Anagrus breviphragma Soyka (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), Aphelinoidea semifuscipennis Girault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), and Pseudoligosita longifrangiata (Viggiani) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). All parasitoids that attacked D. elimatus eggs are reported for the first time. Both leafhopper species showed similar number of parasitized eggs and similar percentages of parasitism. The parasitoids reached the adult stage. The levels of parasitism varied among the 2 habitats; a higher level of parasitism was observed in the perennial maize habitat compared with the seasonal maize habitat. Plantas de maiz con similar numero de huevos de D . maidis y D. elimatus fueron expuestos a los parasitoides. Ambas especies de chicharritas fueron parasitadas por Paracentrobia tapajosae Viggiani (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), Anagrus breviphragma Soyka (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), Aphelinoidea semifuscipennis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) y Pseudoligosita longifrangiata (Viggiani) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Todas las especies de parasitoides que atacan a los huevos de D. elimatus son reportadas por primera vez. Ademas, en ambas especies de chicharritas se encontro un numero similar de huevos parasitados y porcentaje de parasitismo, y los parasitoides encontrados llegaron a su estado adulto. La tasa total de parasitismo depende del tipo de habitat; en el habitat donde se cultiva maiz todo el ano, una alta tasa de parasitismo fue encontrada, mientras que en el habitat con maiz estacional, la tasa de parasitismo fue baja. View this article in BioOne
Anthocyanin tomato mutants: Overview and characterization of an anthocyanin-less somaclonal mutant

Abstract Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites, which play important roles in the physiology of plants. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), anthocyanins are normally synthesized only in vegetative tissues. M375 is a mutant unable to produce anthocyanins in leaves and stems. In this study, we investigated the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in M375 and in its genetic background, Alice, in order to find out where the anthocyanin biosynthesis is blocked, along the pathway, in the mutant. Anthocyanins accumulation was enhanced by sucrose only in the wild type, even though the expression of several genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis was normal in both the genotypes. Genes coding for the final steps along the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway were, however, less expressed in the M375 when compared to the wild type.
An Experimental Study for Regression Problems

Two contexts may be considered, in which it is of interest to reduce the dimension of a data set. One of these arises when the intention is to mitigate the curse of dimensionality, when the data set will be used for training a data mining algorithm with a heavy computational load. The other is when one wishes to identify the data set attributes that have a stronger relation with either the class, if dealing with a classification problem, or the value to be predicted, if dealing with a regression problem. Recently, various linear regression projection models have been proposed that attempt to conserve those directions that show the highest correlation with the value to be predicted: Localized Slices Inverse Regression, Weighted Principal Component Analysis and Linear Discriminant Analysis for regression. However, the papers that have presented these methods use only a small number of data sets to validate their smooth functioning. In this research, a more exhaustive study is conducted using 30 data sets. Moreover, by applying the ideas behind these methods, a further three new methods are also presented and included in the comparative study; one of which is competitive with the methods recently proposed.
Effect of Light and Carbon Source for the Production of Lipid by Chlorella pyrenoidosa using Agricultural Wastewater in Malaysia

The light regimes submitted to the algal cultures are considered to be an important factor in determining the productivity and yield of photosynthetic reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of photoperiod on the production of biomass and lipid by locally isolated microalgae, Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa). The cultures were grown at temperatures of 24oC 26oC and supplied with a light density of 150 mol ms. The light cycles evaluated were 24:0, 16:8, and 8:16 (hr in light: hr in dark) respectively. The highest lipid content achieved 18 mg lipid/mg cell dry weight (CDW) when the C. pyrenoidosa was cultured under continuous light condition (24 hr); followed by 16:8 and 8:16 with value of 13.10 and 9.43 mg lipid/mg CDW, respectively. It was shown that POME could be used to grow C. pyrenoidosa where the corresponding specific growth rate was reasonably well compared to the glucose as the growing medium. The production of C. pyrenoidosa was optimized for biomass production using a Hybrid Photo Bioreactor (HPBR) in which comprised of a 5L batch culture over 14 days. It produced a maximum biomass production of 0.68 g L∙d∙mg CDW. Prior to this, the inoculant was grown in a 250 mL flask culture for 28 days which produced a maximum biomass of 0.009 g L∙d∙ mg CDW. After two days, both organic carbon and nutrients decreased gradually as the carbon source was used for the microalgae growth and production of lipid. By the end of this experiments, 34%, 65%, and 47% of organic carbon was removed by C. pyrenoidosa at carbon per total nitrogen (C/TN) ratio of 100:7, 100:13, and 100:32 respectively. The results showed that in the presence of light, C. pyrenoidosa contributed more significantly to the reduction of organic and inorganic compounds when glucose was used as the carbon source compared to POME.
POLAR BEAR DIETS AND ARCTIC MARINE FOOD WEBS: INSIGHTS FROM FATTY ACID ANALYSIS

We used quantitative fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA) to examine the diets of 1738 individual polar bears (Ursus maritimus) sampled across the Canadian Arctic over a 30-year span. Polar bear foraging varied over large and small spatial and temporal scales, and between demographic groups. Diets in every subpopulation were dominated by ringed seals (Phoca hispida) and, in the eastern Arctic, secondarily by harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandica). Beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) were an important food source for bears in the High Arctic, which is consistent with previous anecdotal reports. Foraging patterns were most similar among neighboring subpopulations with similar prey assemblages, but also differed geographically within Western Hudson Bay. The sexual size dimorphism of polar bears had an important effect on foraging, as large bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) and walruses (Odobenus rosmarus) were consumed most often by older, male bears, whereas ringed seals and, where available, harbor seals (P. vitulina) were most important to younger age classes. Larger, older bears also had the greatest dietary diversity, apparently because of their ability to include larger-bodied prey. During spring and summer, polar bears in some areas increased predation on migratory harp seals and beluga whales. In Western Hudson Bay, bearded seal consumption declined between 1995 and 2001 for both male and female bears and continued to decline among females up to the most recent sampling (2004). Ringed seal consumption in Western Hudson Bay increased between 1998 and 2001, perhaps in response to increased ringed seal productivity, but was not significantly affected by date of sea-ice breakup. Overall, our data indicate that polar bears are capable of opportunistically altering their foraging to take advantage of locally abundant prey, or to some degree compensating for a decline in a dominant prey species. However, in other areas polar bears are dependent on the availability of ringed and bearded seals. Recent population data suggest that polar bears with the most specialized diets may be most vulnerable to climate-related changes in ice conditions. The results of this large-scale, ecosystem-based study indicate a complex relationship between sea-ice conditions, prey population dynamics, and polar bear foraging.
Measuring traffic flow and classifying vehicle types: A surveillance video based approach

The paper presents a vehicle counting method based on invariant moments and shadow aware foreground masks. Estimation of the background and the segmentation of foreground regions can be done using either the Mixture of Gaussians model (MoG) or an improved version of the Group Based Histogram (GBH) technique. The work demonstrates that, even though the improved GBH method delivers performance just as good as MoG, considering computational efficiency, MoG is more suitable. Shadow aware binary masks for each frame are formed by using background subtraction and shadow removal in the Hue Saturation and Value (HSV) domain. To determine new vehicles in the subsequent frame (in addition to those in the current frame), invariant moments are used. For vehicles which are the same model and brand, color information and distance between center of mass and an imaginary reference line need to be considered. As for classification, the paper proposes a new method based on perspective projection of the scene geometry. The classification is grouped into three major tracks: bikes, saloon cars, and long vehicles. For each category, a lower and an upper bounding curve are developed to show the extent of their associated modality regions.
Attachment, Vagal Tone, and Co-regulation During Infancy

Attachment, Vagal Tone, and Co-Regulation During Infancy Jessica C. Hansen School of Family Life, BYU Master of Science This study examined the development of attachment as it relates to co-regulation and vagal tone over the second half of the first year of life. Links to infants’ attachment and developmental status were also examined. Symmetrical and unilateral co-regulated patterns of interactions at 6 months demonstrated significant linkages with attachment. Developmental status did not show direct linkages with attachment. Direct links between vagal tone and attachment were also not identified. Correlations between co-regulation and vagal tone at the 6 month time point were identified. Findings suggest an important role of co-regulation as it relates to attachment development. Future studies may benefit from evaluating the role of co-regulation as a mediating variable between vagal tone and attachment development.
Speech Perception by Elderly Listeners : Basic Knowledge and Implications for Audiology Perception de la parole par les personnes agees : connaissances de base et implications audiologiques

The basic research and audiological findings on the effects of the normal aging process on speech perception and word recognition abilities are reviewed. The impact of these results on the Interpretation of audiometric test results and the anticipated Impact of auditory aging on the rehabilitative needs of older listeners Is discussed. ABREGE On examine les resultats de la recherche et les principales conclusions audiologlques sur les effets du processus normal de vieillissement sur la perception de la parole et de la reconnaissance des mots. On etudle I'incidence de ces resultats sur I'interpretation des resultats audiometriques ainsl que I'lncidence prevue du vieillissement auditif sur les besoins des audlteurs ages en matiere de readaptatlon.
A genetic algorithm for preemptive scheduling of a single machine

Article history: Received November 4 2015 Received in Revised Format February 21 2016 Accepted March 21 2016 Available online March 22 2016 This paper presents a mathematical model for scheduling of a single machine when there are preemptions in jobs. The primary objective of the study is to minimize different objectives such as earliness, tardiness and work in process. The proposed mathematical problem is considered as NP-Hard and the optimal solution is available for small scale problems. Therefore, a genetic algorithm (GA) is developed to solve the problem for large-scale problems. The implementation of the proposed model is compared with GA for problems with up to 50 jobs using three methods of roulette wheel sampling, random sampling and competition sampling. The results have indicated that competition sampling has reached optimal solutions for small scale problems and it could obtain better near-optimal solutions in relatively lower running time compared with other sampling methods. © 2016 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved
Eddy Vertical Structure in Southern Java Indian Ocean: Identification using Automated Eddies Detection

The eddy characteristic in Southern Java Indian Ocean has been investigated and discussed, but spesifically deals about the vertical structure of eddy is still not much. This research was conducted to determine the eddy vertical characteristic and to find out the biggest value of kinematic energy between the cyclonic and anticyclonic eddy. The data set was from NEMO model with parameter are current and temperature from 2014. By using an automated eddy detection the veertical eddies characteristic was set developed, it includes the statistical data of each eddy location, radius, kinematic energy, temperature, and SSH at four vertical levels. The results indicated that cyclonic eddy is mostly formed in Southern Java Indian Ocean in 2014. The temperature in eddy center mostly started changing at a depth of 109 m, which is at the cyclonic eddy has a lower value and at anticyclonic has a higher value.
Catching Moles and Packet Droppers in Wireless Sensors Network

While many protocols for sensor network security provide confidentiality for the content of messages, contextual information usually remains exposed. Such contextual information can be exploited by an adversary to derive sensitive information such as the locations of monitored objects and data sinks in the field. Attacks on these components can significantly undermine any network application. Existing techniques defend the leakage of location information from a limited adversary who can only observe network traffic in a small region. However, a stronger adversary, the global eavesdropper, is realistic and can defeat these existing techniques. This paper first formalizes the location privacy issues in sensor networks under this strong adversary model and computes a lower bound on the communication overhead needed for achieving a given level of location privacy. The paper then proposes two techniques to provide location privacy to monitored objects (source location privacy) - periodic collection and source simulation - and two techniques to provide location privacy to data sinks (sink location privacy) - sink simulation and backbone flooding. These techniques provide trade-offs between privacy, communication cost, and latency. Through analysis and simulation, we demonstrate that the proposed techniques are efficient and effective for source and sink location privacy in sensor networks
CHAPTER 184 The Solid Organ Transplant Patient

The successful rehabilitation of patients with end-stage renal, pulmonary, hepatic, and cardiac failure through organ transplantation is one of the great achievements of modern biomedical science. Because 1-year survival rates for all solid organ transplants exceed 80% and many patients survive much longer, increasing numbers of transplant patients with complications are being seen in the emergency department (ED). Although organ transplant patients tend to seek care at their transplant center, many live a great distance from their facility and may require care at their local ED.
Research Mentoring: A Study of Doctoral Student Experiences and Research Productivity

This article explored the research mentoring experiences of doctoral students’ (N = 131) in counselor education. Descriptive statistics and a factorial Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) were utilized to ascertain the mentor roles utilized and the classification of productivity of doctoral students. Recommendations and limitations and implications for the counseling profession are offered to further the development of research regarding the research mentoring experiences of doctoral students.
A survey of hygiene and sanitary practices of street food vendors in the Central State of Northern Nigeria

This study examined the general hygiene and sanitary practices of street food venders in Nigeria. 110 random samples of street food venders were selected to represent 18% of street food venders in the study area. Data was collected using pre-test structured questionnaire and observation checklists. The relationships in the factors studied were determined. Food venders lacked basic training on hygiene and only 2.7% had formal training on food preparation. 63.6% acquired skills from parents while 33.7% acquired skills by self practice. 44.5% of vendors used their mouths to blow air into polythene bags to open, before using it to package foods for customers. 60.0% of the vendors prepared foods in unkempt environment with flies around the foods. The study indicated absence of evidence of relationship between venders’ education and vending location as well as between gender and personal hygiene. This study largely suggested non-compliance with the Codex Alimentarius Commission guidelines for street food control in Africa. The non regulation of street food vending business in Africa especially Nigeria portends danger of outbreak of food poisoning. Key words: Street foods, hygiene, sanitation, vendors, food safety, Kaduna-North Central Nigeria.