Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Goal Management Training for rehabilitation of executive functions: a systematic review of effectivness in patients with acquired brain injury

Abstract Purpose: To determine if Goal Management Training (GMT) is effective for the rehabilitation of executive functions following brain injury when administered alone or in combination with other interventions. Method: Systematic review, with quality appraisal specific to executive functions research and calculation of effect sizes. Results: Twelve studies were included. Four studies were “Proof-of-principle” studies, testing the potential effectiveness of GMT and eight were rehabilitation studies. Effectiveness was greater when GMT was combined with other interventions. The most effective interventions appeared to be those combing GMT with: Problem Solving Therapy; personal goal setting; external cueing or prompting apply GMT to the current task; personal homework to increase patients’ commitment and training intensity; ecological and daily life training activities rather than paper-and-pencil, office-type tasks. Level of support for GMT was higher for studies measuring outcome in terms of increases in participation in everyday activities rather than on measures of executive impairment. Conclusion: Comprehensive rehabilitation programs incorporating GMT, but integrating other approaches, are effective in executive function rehabilitation following brain injury in adults. There is insufficient evidence to support use of GMT as a stand-alone intervention. Implications for Rehabilitation Goal Management Training (GMT) is a well-studied metacognitive intervention for executive dysfunction. Comprehensive rehabilitation programs relying partly on GMT and integrating other approaches are effective in executive function rehabilitation following brain injury in adults. GMT alone does not have sufficient evidence to support it as a training on its own.
Using activity monitors to measure physical activity in free-living conditions.

Physical activity is a broad term used to define “any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure. ”1 A physically active lifestyle is associated with a decreased risk for a variety of chronic diseases and health conditions such as cardiovascular disease,2–5 hypertension,6–8 diabetes mellitus,9–12 certain cancers,13–15 depression,16–18 obesity,19, 20 cerebrovascular disease, and premature death.21 The Surgeon General recommends 30 minutes for adults or 60 minutes for children of moderate-intensity activity on most, if not all, days of the week to be physically active and achieve a health benefit.21 The Surgeon General’s recommendation is comparable to expending approximately 150 kcal of energy per day21 for an otherwise healthy individual whose principal mode of activity is walking. Two studies in Japan22, 23 and the popular press have promoted a pedometer-based target of 10,000 steps per day as a way for adults to meet the national physical activity guidelines. Research is ongoing, however, to determine whether this guideline is appropriate for all populations.24–26 According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 25% of US adults do not engage in any leisure-time physical activity, and 60% do not achieve the Surgeon General’s physical activity recommendations.21, 27, 28 Women,29, 30 older adults,31–36 racial and ethnic minority populations, and people with physical disabilities27 are most likely to be inactive.37 The US Department of Health and Human Services has set a national health objective for 2010 to reduce the prevalence of no leisure time activity from more than 25% to 20% of US adults.37 The assessment of physical activity is essential to: (1) determine …
Intramolecular co-action of two independent photosensory modules in the fern phytochrome 3

Fern phytochrome3/neochrome1 (phy3/neo1) is a chimeric photoreceptor composed of a phytochrome-chromophore binding domain and an almost full-length phototropin. phy3 thus contains two different light-sensing modules; a red/far-red light receptor phytochrome and a blue light receptor phototropin. phy3 induces both red light- and blue light-dependent phototropism in phototropin-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana (phot1 phot2) seedlings. The red-light response is dependent on the phytochrome module of phy3, and the blue-light response is dependent on the phototropin module. We recently showed that both the phototropin-sensing module and the phytochrome-sensing module mediate the blue light-dependent phototropic response. Particularly under low-light conditions, these two light-sensing modules cooperate to induce the blue light-dependent phototropic response. This intramolecular co-action of two independent light-sensing modules in phy3 enhances light sensitivity, and perhaps allowed ferns to adapt to the low-light canopy conditions present in angiosperm forests.
Utilization of temperature kinetics as a method to predict treatment intensity and corresponding treated wood quality: Durability and mechanical properties of thermally modified wood

Wood heat treatment is an attractive alternative to improve decay resistance of wood species with low natural durability. However, this improvement of durability is realized at the expense of the mechanical resistance. Decay resistance and mechanical properties are strongly correlated to thermal degradation of wood cells wall components. Mass loss resulting from this degradation is a good indicator of treatment intensity and final treated wood properties. However, the introduction of a fast and accurate system for measuring this mass loss on an industrial scale is very difficult. Nowadays, many studies are conducted on the determination of control parameters which could be correlated with the treatment conditions and final heat treated wood quality such as decay resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the relations between kinetics of temperature used during thermal treatment process representing heat treatment intensity, mass losses due to thermal degradation and conferred properties to heat treated wood. It might appear that relative area of treatment temperature curves is a good indicator of treatment intensity. Heat treatment with different treatment conditions (temperature-time) have been performed under vacuum, on four wood species (one hardwood and three softwoods) in order to obtain thermal degradation mass loses of 8, 10 and 12%. For each experiment, relative areas corresponding to temperature kinetics, mass loss, decay resistance and mechanical properties have been determined. Results highlight the statement that the temperature curves’ area constitutes a good indicator in the prediction of needed treatment intensity, to obtain required wood durability and mechanical properties such as bending resistance and Brinell hardness.
Vertical Handover and Load Balancing Decision Algorithms for Heterogeneous Cellular-WLAN Networks

Multi-access and heterogeneous wireless communications are one of the solutions for providing generalized mobility and improved user experience. This paper proposes Vertical Handover (VHO) and Load Balancing (LB) decision algorithms for heterogeneous network architectures which integrate cellular networks and Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). The cellular-WLAN VHO and LB decisions are taken based on parameters which characterize both the coverage and traffic load. Computer simulations performed in realistic scenarios show that the proposed VHO algorithm ensures better performance compared to “classical” ones and that the LB mechanism can significantly offload the congested cellular networks when WLAN connectivity is available.
User interface design model for parental control application on mobile smartphone using user centered design method

This study presents a content control application usage on smartphones which can improve collaboration between children and parents. The importance of the parents' role is to provide a comprehension regarding the content of the application to children will make good communications between parents and children. So, the children can think and make decisions on something that they face. Parental control application is made to control and limit the use of applications on smartphones by children. But the existing application has a problem on the user interface. They designed just only show the same features that the application block by the parents and are not designed to involve children in the process of selecting applications. Thus, the chance of parents to help children understand the contents of the application could possibly be missed. Because the user interface is closely related to the tasks performed by users, the user interface has a role in a parental control application design. To build a good parental control application, it is necessary convenience when a user interacts with the application system. This is a consideration in this study that focused on the user interface. Design methods that will be used in designing the user interface is User Centered Design (UCD). UCD is a method in designing user interface design with a focus on what the user needs. This method will help research to provide user data that parents and children directly, so the search process more accurate data is obtained. UCD has a life cycle stage design, so the design is made to be better. The result of this research is obtained parental control application user interfaces that provide children's freedom in choosing the content of applications and needs of parents in educating children regarding the content of the application being used so parents can educate a child.
Nuevos campos de juego: mecanismos de acuerdo para el federalismo mexicano

La democratizacion en Mexico arranca desde el orden local. A pesar de ello, las regiones no solo no han sido integradas al proceso politico federativo, sino que se ha acentuado el desfase entre las estructuras federales y los procesos y practicas federalizantes, derivados del propio cambio politico. Este trabajo expone los problemas de incompatibilidad logica de estructuras y procesos y discute la viabilidad de nuevos mecanismos de mediacion para los ordenes de gobierno federal y federado. Como en las condiciones actuales es improbable esperar una reforma al senado, que no ha servido historicamente como espacio de acuerdos entre ambos ordenes, resulta mas factible adoptar otros mecanismos que permitan a las regiones aumentar su responsabilidad en los asuntos nacionales, asi como impedir la injerencia del centro en la autonomia local
Twelve tips for teaching evidence-based physical examination

Abstract Background: Practicing evidence-based physical examination (EBPE) requires clinicians to apply the diagnostic accuracy of PE findings in relation to a suspected disease. Though it is important to effectively teach EBPE, clinicians often find the topic challenging. Aims: There are few resources available to guide clinicians on strategies to teach EBPE. We seek to fill that need by presenting tips for effectively teaching EBPE in the clinical context. Methods: This report is based primarily on the authors’ experience and is supported by the available literature. Results: We present 12 practical tips targeting the clinician educator. The first six tips condense key preparatory steps for the teacher, including basic statistics underpinning EBPE. The final six tips provide specific guidance on how to teach EBPE in the clinical environment. Conclusions: By practicing the 12 tips provided, clinicians will develop the confidence needed to effectively teach EBPE in inpatient or outpatient settings.
Complete Genome Sequence of Carnobacterium sp. 17-4

ABSTRACT Members of the carnobacteria have been extensively studied as probiotic cultures in aquacultures and protective cultures in seafood, diary, and meat. We report on the finished genome sequence of Carnobacterium sp. 17-4, which has been isolated from permanently cold seawater. The genetic information reveals a new circular bacteriocin biosynthesis cluster.
Cellulose And Its Application In Biomolecules Purification

Cellulose is a renewable and biodegradable natural biopolymersynthesized mainly in plants such as wood, bark, cotton fiber, green algae, some bacteria and animals. Pre-treatment processes such as alkaline purification and enzymatic purification are applied in order to create a proper sorption characteristic of regenerated cellulose fiber. Prior to the application of cellulose/cellulose derivatives in biomoelcules isolation and purification,various solvents could be employed for the dissolution and degradation of cellulose. A wide range of cellulose/cellulose derivatives in different forms have been deployed to build purification column. As a whole, cellulose or its derivatives has demonstrated a robust versatility in the making of various biomolecules extraction materials.
Comparisons of subgingival microbial profiles of refractory periodontitis, severe periodontitis, and periodontal health using the human oral microbe identification microarray.

BACKGROUND This study compared the subgingival microbiota of subjects with refractory periodontitis (RP) to those in subjects with treatable periodontitis (GRs = good responders) or periodontal health (PH) using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM). METHODS At baseline, subgingival plaque samples were taken from 47 subjects with periodontitis and 20 individuals with PH and analyzed for the presence of 300 species by HOMIM. The subjects with periodontitis were classified as having RP (n = 17) based on mean attachment loss (AL) and/or more than three sites with AL >or=2.5 mm after scaling and root planing, surgery, and systemically administered amoxicillin and metronidazole or as GRs (n = 30) based on mean attachment gain and no sites with AL >or=2.5 mm after treatment. Significant differences in taxa among the groups were sought using the Kruskal-Wallis and chi(2) tests. RESULTS More species were detected in patients with disease (GR or RP) than in those without disease (PH). Subjects with RP were distinguished from GRs or those with PH by a significantly higher frequency of putative periodontal pathogens, such as Parvimonas micra (previously Peptostreptococcus micros or Micromonas micros), Campylobacter gracilis, Eubacterium nodatum, Selenomonas noxia, Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis), Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella spp. , Treponema spp. , and Eikenella corrodens, as well as unusual species (Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, TM7 spp. oral taxon [OT] 346/356, Bacteroidetes sp. OT 272/274, Solobacterium moorei, Desulfobulbus sp. OT 041, Brevundimonas diminuta, Sphaerocytophaga sp. OT 337, Shuttleworthia satelles, Filifactor alocis, Dialister invisus/pneumosintes, Granulicatella adiacens, Mogibacterium timidum, Veillonella atypica, Mycoplasma salivarium, Synergistes sp. cluster II, and Acidaminococcaceae [G-1] sp. OT 132/150/155/148/135) (P <0.05). Species that were more prevalent in subjects with PH than in patients with periodontitis included Actinomyces sp. OT 170, Actinomyces spp. cluster I, Capnocytophaga sputigena, Cardiobacterium hominis, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Lautropia mirabilis, Propionibacterium propionicum, Rothia dentocariosa/mucilaginosa, and Streptococcus sanguinis (P <0.05). CONCLUSION As determined by HOMIM, patients with RP presented a distinct microbial profile compared to patients in the GR and PH groups.
Qualitative assessment of rural health workers' management of malaria in sick children

1 Department of Sociology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 3 Department of Health Promotion and Education, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 4 Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 5 Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom 6 Malaria Consortium, Development House, 56-64 Leonard Street, London EC24 4LT, United Kingdom 7 Support for National Malaria Programme, Abia House, Abuja, Nigeria
Appendix for “ Do Male-Female Wage Differentials Reflect Differences in the Return to Skill ? Cross-City Evidence From 1980-2000 ” By

The goal of this paper is to evaluate whether changes in gender and education wage gaps are driven by a common underlying force reflecting the price of a skill which is relatively more abundant among women and more educated workers. The hypothesis is that this common factor became evident after 1980 when technological change – as reflected in the diffusion of PCs – considerably changed relative prices of skills. The object of this section is to present a simple theoretical structure which will clarify how we can use cross-city variation in wage outcomes to examine the issue. There are two distinct components which underly the theory. On the one hand, there is the notion that wages reflect payments to bundles of skills. On the other hand, there is the idea that the diffusion of PCs tended to increase the relative price of one of these (call it “cognitive,” though it may also be interpersonal – see Figure 2 in main text) skills because of its complementarity to them, while it acts as a substitute for the other (say, physical) skill. We now present each of these elements in turn in order to derive estimating equations. As we will see below, such a setup implies that the change in the male-female and education wage gaps should have opposite signed relationships with the initial (pre-PC) relative supply of skills which complement PCs. These are the reduced forms that we examine empirically.
High speed latched comparator in 0.35um CMOS process

Comparator is the main building block in ADC architecture. Main purpose of a comparator is to compare a signal with a reference signal and produce an output depending on whether the input signal is greater or smaller than reference. In this paper, a high speed high resolution comparator for use in sigma delta modulator is designed. The comparator is designed in a 0.35 um CMOS process with a supply voltage of 3.3 V. Various non-linearities and performance parameters are discussed in detail. The design of latched comparator for sigma delta modulator is presented in detail. Design equations of different blocks of the comparator are derived and simulations were done on the different blocks.
Simulation of EAS with the AIRshower Extended Simulation Program.

We examine the possibility to estimate the cosmic ray composition of energies above the GZK cut-off (5x10 eV) from the number of gammas, betas, muons and all particles created in Extensive Air Showers (EAS), from the first interaction depth and the depth of shower maximum of EAS. This examination is based on the simulation of EAS at primary energies of 10 eV (100 EeV) beyond the GZK cut-off, using the AIRES (AIRshower Extended Simulations) program. AIRES uses a set of programs and subroutines to simulate particle showers produced after the incidence of high energy cosmic rays on the earth's atmosphere and to manage all the data associated with these simulations (Sciutto, 1999, 2001). The following simulations assume a primary high energy proton, gamma or iron entrance in the earth's atmosphere and present the longitudinal and lateral behaviour of the created EAS. Two conclusions can be drawn: 1. Gamma primary produces fewer particles, gamma rays and muons on ground than proton or iron nuclei and 2. Due to its low cross section, the first interaction depth and shower maximum are much higher than that of proton and iron.
Ethical ethnography as an appropriate research methodology for ANT

The use of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) as a useful lens in helping to uncover complex issues in healthcare settings is only recently being discussed (Wickramasinghe et al., 2007a c). However to date, these studies are mute on a suitable research methodology. Researchers entering healthcare environments are often faced with unfamiliar work patterns and may lack knowledge of the industry within which they are working. Physical immersion into the healthcare environment under investigation can be beneficial as this objective standpoint allows the researcher the opportunity to experience the dynamic feel of the situation, improving observational skills, providing valuable insights into the operations of the organisation under investigation and contributing rich and pertinent data to an academic setting. Ethnography is a research methodology well suited to such first-hand investigation. This paper will focus on ethnographic immersion and its importance to facilitating the use of ANT as a useful lens for analysis.
Enhancing Children's Spatial Sense Using Tangrams

A ccording to the Trends in International Mathematics and Scieice Study (TIMSS) 2007 International Mathematics Report, children in the United States have shown the lowest proficiency in geometry (Mullis, Martin, & Foy, 2008), "the study of spatial relationships" (Rosenstein, Caldwell, & Crown, 1996, p. 209), among all mathematics content areas. One possible reason for American students' poor performance in geometry is a lack of spatial sense, which is defined as "awareness of children themselves in relation to the people and objects around them" (Copley, 2000, p. 105). Children learn mathematics more efficiently through concrete materials and hands-on experiences (Lee, Autry, Fox, & Williams, 2008; National Association for the Education of Young Children [NAEYC] & National Council of Teachers of Mathematics [NCTM], 2002). Thus, children can enhance their spatial sense as well as their knowledge of geometry by touching and manipulating concrete materials. However, most content about geometry in early childhood and elementary education has largely focused on knowing terms, definitions, and attributes of shapes, while neglecting opportunities to manipulate concrete materials (Copley, 2000). In this knowledge-based teaching and learning, children memorize mathematical facts (e.g., names and attributes of shapes, such as number of angles or edges) without understanding. The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM, 2000) stresses, however, that terminology or definitions themselves should not be the major emphasis in early mathematics. To make mathematics learning experiences more meaningful, it is essential for early childhood teachers to structure geometry teaching and learning in a way that is developmentally appropriate. The most efficient way of teaching children geometry is to provide hands-on experiences. Providing more time and more hands-on activities in order for children to manipulate concrete materials (such as different-shaped buttons, pattern blocks, and unit blocks) will help children have a better understanding of geometry and spatial sense. When children manipulate materials, they become more proficient in knowing positions, locations, and structures. Ultimately, they enhance their spatial sense, which is the foundation of geometry knowledge inearly childhood (NCTM, 2000). Therefore, it is necessary