Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Police power and race riots: Urban unrest in Paris and New York, by Cathy Lisa Schneider

from all over the country, including revolutionary writers, early communists, and architects. In the1920s Shanghai was one of the great hubs of Art Deco architecture. The newcomers brought to the city modern technology and cultural integration (including jazz). Shanghai’s new retro-futurism has combined these demographic, cultural, and design components. Nicole Mones’s Night in Shanghai (2014) is an excellent fictional portrayal of Shanghai during the 1920s and 1930s, up to World War II. Part 2 also discusses a shift from futurism (Pudong) to nostalgia (Puxi). In Shanghai’s ambitious 1990 urban development strategy, Pudong was opened up as a finance capital in the east while Puxi to the west served as a cultural capital. Large-scale historical preservation and renovation has been under way in Puxi, taking advantage of abandoned factories and warehouses. Shanghai’s leaders are seeking to transform nostalgic places to sites for creative industries—closely following Richard Florida’s advice in Cities and the Creative Class (2004). Greenspan discusses a number of such projects, including Suzhou Creek Rehabilitation, Xintiandi, Bridge 8, and Tianzifang. In Part 3, Greenspan laments that Shanghai’s suburbs suffer from mimicry; developers and politicians try but fail to fulfill a dream of a Western life style. Many longtime, often poor, residents living downtown are forced, due to high prices, to relocate to the outer fringes while educated newcomers settle in the core. At the same time, many Chinese middle-class people (mimicking their American and European counterparts) become obsessed with home ownership. The high demand for suburban-type living leads to standardization and fakery. Although Shanghai’s cosmopolitanism is unique, its future is deeply affected by the same national political, economic, and cultural trends affecting other Chinese cities. For example, the Hukou scheme, a system for recording and registering households, divides rural and urban residents and results in discrimination based on geographical background. Furthermore, Chinese society is plagued by corruption in the private and public sectors; Chinese business people are notoriously good at getting around the rules, and this adversely affects innovation. Shanghai Future should appeal to a number of different audiences, including those interested in Chinese culture and philosophy, those impressed by China’s economic development, and those fascinated by the challenges facing Chinese cities. Anyone who is planning to visit Shanghai for touristic or professional reasons (or both) should read the book. It would be a useful supplementary text for graduate planning and urban studies courses dealing with urban spatial structure.
Ketoconazole in bipolar patients with depressive symptoms: a case series and literature review.

BACKGROUND Data from several studies suggest that medications, such as ketoconazole, which lower cortisol levels, may be effective for major depressive disorder (MDD). As with MDD, the manic, depressive, and mixed phases of bipolar disorder are frequently associated with elevated cortisol levels. The literature on the use of cortisol-lowering strategies in mood disorders is reviewed, and a case series illustrating the use of ketoconazole in bipolar depression is presented. METHODS For the review, the MEDLINE and PSYCHINFO databases were searched, as were the bibliographies of pertinent articles to find papers on the use of cortisol-lowering agents in patients with mood disorders. In our open-label case series (n = 6), ketoconazole (up to 800 mg/day) as an add-on therapy was given to patients with treatment-resistant or intolerant bipolar I or II disorders with current symptoms of depression. RESULTS Several case reports and small open studies suggest that cortisol-lowering agents may be useful for patients with depression. Two recent placebo-controlled trials of ketoconazole on patients with MDD report conflicting results. In our case series, all three patients who received a dose of at least 400 mg/day had substantial reductions in depressive symptoms. None had significant increases in mania. However, cortisol levels were not lowered in any of the subjects. CONCLUSIONS The literature suggests that cortisol-lowering medications may be effective for a subset of depressed patients. Our preliminary findings suggest that ketoconazole may be useful in some patients with bipolar depression. Larger clinical trials are needed to confirm our observations.
Repression of TFIIH Transcriptional Activity and TFIIH-Associated cdk7 Kinase Activity at Mitosis

ABSTRACT Nuclear transcription is repressed when eukaryotic cells enter mitosis. Mitotic repression of transcription of various cellular and viral gene promoters by RNA polymerase II can be reproduced in vitro either with extracts prepared from cells arrested at mitosis with the microtubule polymerization inhibitor nocodazole or with nuclear extracts prepared from asynchronous cells and the mitotic protein kinase cdc2/cyclin B. Purified cdc2/cyclin B kinase is also sufficient to inhibit transcription in reconstituted transcription reactions with biochemically purified and recombinant basal transcription factors and RNA polymerase II. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1 can reverse the effect of cdc2/cyclin B kinase, indicating that repression of transcription is due to protein phosphorylation. Transcription rescue and inhibition experiments with each of the basal factors and the polymerase suggest that multiple components of the transcription machinery are inactivated by cdc2/cyclin B kinase. For an activated promoter, targets of repression are TFIID and TFIIH, while for a basal promoter, TFIIH is the major target for mitotic inactivation of transcription. Protein labeling experiments indicate that the p62 and p36 subunits of TFIIH are in vitro substrates for mitotic phosphorylation. Using the carboxy-terminal domain of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II as a test substrate for phosphorylation, the TFIIH-associated kinase, cdk7/cyclin H, is inhibited concomitant with inhibition of transcription activity. Our results suggest that there exist multiple phosphorylation targets for the global shutdown of transcription at mitosis.
Dietary intake of sodium chloride in the rat influences [3H]nitrendipine binding to adrenal glomerulosa cell membranes but does not alter binding to vascular smooth muscle membranes.

Angiotensin II-stimulated secretion by adrenal glomerulosa cells and contraction by vascular smooth muscle (VSM) are dependent on calcium influx through membrane calcium channels. We have examined the hypothesis that the altered responsiveness of adrenal glomerulosa cells and VSM to angiotensin II during NaCl restriction may be associated with a change in membrane calcium channel number. To test this hypothesis, female rats were placed on a high or low NaCl diet. On the 14th day, membranes were prepared from the zona glomerulosa, aorta, mesenteric artery, and uterus. [3H]Nitrendipine binding was used to monitor calcium channel number. The [3H]nitrendipine binding capacity was observed to be higher in the zona glomerulosa during NaCl restriction than during high NaCl intake (83 +/- 18 vs. 49 +/- 9 fmol/mg protein, P less than 0.025, n = 6 paired experiments). The binding capacities of [3H]nitrendipine on the low and high NaCl diet were similar in the mesenteric artery (10 +/- 1 vs. 9 +/- 1 fmol/mg protein, n = 8), aorta (33 +/- 5 vs. 35 +/- 8 fmol/mg protein, n = 5), or uterus (87 +/- 15 vs. 85 +/- 16 fmol/mg protein, n = 4), respectively. The dissociation constants of [3H]nitrendipine binding did not differ on a low or high NaCl intake in the zona glomerulosa (0.84 +/- .12 vs. 0.79 +/- .10 nM), mesenteric artery (0.82 +/- .06 vs. 83 +/- .05 nM), aorta (0.90 +/- .11 vs. 0.92 +/- .12 nM), or uterus (0.55 +/- .12 vs. 0.56 +/- .10 nM), respectively. We conclude that the blunted response of VSM to angiotensin II during NaCl restriction is best explained by the previously reported lower number of angiotensin II receptors since calcium channel number does not change. In the adrenal glomerulosa cell, NaCl restriction is associated with a higher number of membrane calcium channels and angiotensin II receptors. The increase in calcium channel number may reflect the influence of an unknown factor(s) believed to be necessary for the full expression of the adrenal glomerulosa cell response to NaCl restriction.
UDAT: User Discrimination Using Activity-Time Information

This paper explores the feasibility of automatically discriminating users from the activity as well as temporal information of their daily routine. We observe that everyone pursues a daily semi-regular activity pattern. Based on this observation, we have developed a system UDAT and experimented on Microsoft Geolife as well as UDAT datasets. With Geolife transportation activity log and UDAT motion-static activity log, the system achieves 73.3% and 80.68% accuracy, respectively. Although the overall system accuracy is moderate, the system achieves the highest accuracy when the users belong to the different activity buckets. This signifies the utility of two-phase classification for user discrimination.
A CRISE COMO OPORTUNIDADE PARA O EMPREENDEDOR BRASILEIRO

Entrepreneurship is a milestone on the road to economic progress, and makes an enormous contribution to the quality and future hopes of a sector, an economy or even a country. The objective of this article is to prove that the moments of economic instability increase the number of enterprises through data from surveys of institutions recognized by sources of quantitative evidence. This study is an exploratory research, based on secondary data, with quantitative data analysis and supported by the scientific literature. While the economic indicators presented negative indexes due to an economic crisis, the indicators of entrepreneurship showed an inverse reaction with positive indexes, characterizing an increase of the enterprises.
Design of a 4-bit adder using reversible logic in quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA)

Both quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) and reversible logic are emerging technologies that are promising alternatives to overcoming the scaling and heat dissipation issues, respectively, in the current CMOS designs. Here, the fundamentals of QCA and reversible logic are studied; the feasibility of incorporating reversible logic in QCA designs is also demonstrated. Based on two existing designs, an improved version of the reversible gates, namely the Feynman Gate and the Toffoli Gate, were implemented in QCA technology using QCADesigner. The proposed design of the QCA-based Feynman Gate is faster by ½ cycle as compared to the existing design; while the proposed Toffoli Gate has the same latency as the existing design but it is readily to be cascaded into a more complex design. A 4-bit ripple carry adder in QCA is then designed using the proposed Feynman and Toffoli gates to realize a reversible QCA full adder. This 4-bit QCA adder with reversible logic consists of 2030 QCA cells, has a latency of 7 clock cycles and 8 garbage outputs.
Learning from Change in the Sangha Tri-National Landscape

SUMMARY A participatory landscape monitoring initiative was introduced in the Sangha Tri-National landscape at the frontier of Cameroon, the Republic of Congo and the Central African Republic in 2006. The initiative allowed a broad range of stakeholders, called the Sangha Group, to monitor changes in local peoples' livelihoods and the environment. The group held annual meetings to discuss changes in the landscape. The intention was that the work of the Group would enable adaptation of management interventions. Simple simulation modelling techniques and a set of indicators were used to track changes in the landscape. Indicators were identified by local people who were then invited to assess them annually. The large number and diversity of stakeholders occupying a vast area of forest and a shortage of skilled enumerators meant that indicator values were difficult to measure consistently. However the existence of the models and indicator framework did enrich the discussions amongst the stakeholders and helped them to understand the main drivers of change in the landscape. Interventions of aid agencies and conservation organisations had little impact on local peoples' livelihoods but external influences, notably the global financial crisis in 2008 and the civil strife in the CAR sector beginning in 2011 caused a serious deterioration in livelihoods and the environment in the landscape.
INFLUÊNCIA DAS MARCAS NA TOMADA DE DECISÃO DOS CONSUMIDORES

Brands are a means of product differentiation and are used to influence consumer decisions. In a world of information overload, make assessments and decisions in consumption can be tough. Brands are one of the major aspects of influence on consumers. This work aims to analyze and discuss the brand influence in the consumer decision-making process, through a theoretical essay based on literature review. The study highlights that the brand influences the cognitive and affective dimensions in the consumer decision process, since the recognition of needs until the final decision.
Early Growth Response Gene-1 Regulates the Expression of the Rat Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Gene1

Abstract LH receptor gene expression is primarily regulated via specific interactions of trans-acting proteins and cis-acting DNA sequences in the upstream region of the gene. In this study, we report, using luciferase assays, that the region between −171 and −137 base pairs (bp) is essential for basal expression of the rat LH receptor gene. To identify factors that interact with the region between −171 and −137 bp and regulate expression of the gene, a rat granulosa cell cDNA library was screened using a yeast one-hybrid system. A positive clone, isolated by the screening, encodes a transcription factor early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1). To determine the sequence to which Egr-1 protein binds, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was employed. The Egr-1 protein was produced by an in vitro transcription/translation system using a full-length rat Egr-1 cDNA. The upstream region between −171 and −137 bp contains 2 overlapping Egr-1 consensus sequences. The EMSA revealed that Egr-1 binds independently to both sites. The overexpression of Egr-1 in MA-10 cells caused an approximately 2-fold increase in reporter luciferase activity. However, no induction of the luciferase activity was observed when luciferase constructs that lacked or had mutations in either or both of the Egr-1 sites were used, indicating that Egr-1 positively regulates LH receptor gene expression. In differentiated granulosa cells that had been pretreated with FSH for 48 h, the levels of both mRNA and Egr-1 protein were induced by hCG or cAMP, reaching maximal levels approximately 1.5 h after treatment and then returning to basal levels 8 h thereafter. No Egr-1 mRNA or protein was detected in undifferentiated granulosa cells, even after stimulation with 8-bromoadenosine-cAMP. These results suggest that Egr-1 functions only in luteinized granulosa cells after stimulation with hCG or cAMP. In conclusion, the findings demonstrate that Egr-1 actually binds to the regulatory upstream region of the LH receptor gene and positively regulates receptor gene expression. In addition, Egr-1 expression was observed only in luteinized granulosa cells after stimulation with hCG or cAMP. The present study provides further support to the hypothesis that Egr-1 plays important roles in the pituitary-gonadal axis.
Position statement from the Chromosome Abnormality Screening Committee on behalf of the Board of the International Society for Prenatal Diagnosis

President President-Elect Past President Secretary Treasurer Lucas Otano MD, PhD (Argentina) Ignatia B. Van den Veyver MD (USA) Jan M.M. van Lith MD, PhD (Netherlands) Louise Wilkins-Haug MD (USA) Antoni Borrell MD, PhD (Spain) Directors Peter Benn PhD, DSc (USA) Lyn Chitty PhD (UK) Rossa Chiu (Hong Kong) Roland Devlieger MD, PhD (Belgium) Sylvie Langlois MD, CCMG (Canada) Anthony O. Odibo MD, MSCE (USA) R. Doug Wilson MD, Msc, FRCSC (Canada) Yuval Yaron MD (Israel) Diana W. Bianchi MD, ex officio (USA) Position Statement from the Chromosome Abnormality Screening Committee on Behalf of the Board of the International Society for Prenatal Diagnosis
Intravenous Infusion of Syngeneic Apoptotic Cells by Photopheresis Induces Antigen-Specific Regulatory T Cells 1

The basis of extracorporeal photopheresis is the reinfusion of leukocytes previously exposed to 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and UVA radiation. It has been approved for the palliative treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma and has reported benefits in autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, and graft-vs-host disease. However, the underlying mechanism of photopheresis remains unresolved. Because UVB radiation can cause immune tolerance via induction of regulatory T cells, we studied whether photopheresis exerts a similar effect extracorporeally. Therefore, we established a model of photopheresis using a murine model of contact hypersensitivity. Splenocytes and lymph node cells of mice that were sensitized with dinitrofluorobenzene were exposed to 8-MOP plus UVA in vitro. Intravenous injection of these cells into naive mice caused inhibition of a hapten immune response, which was lost upon depletion of CD11c+ cells but not T cells. Mice that received untreated cells or cells exposed to UVA or 8-MOP alone were not affected. Inhibition was cell-mediated and Ag-specific as demonstrated by transfer of tolerance from the primary recipients into naive animals, which could, however, properly respond to the unrelated hapten oxazolone. Transfer activity was lost when cells were depleted of CD4+ or CD25+ subpopulations. These data suggest that photopheresis exerts its immunomodulatory effects via the induction of Ag-specific regulatory T cells.
High-density lipoprotein and the acute phase response

Purpose of reviewInflammation and the concomitant acute phase response induce marked changes in the lipoprotein profile, particularly the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction. The present review describes the transfer proteins and lipases that remodel HDL and regulate its plasma levels, discusses the changes occurring in their activities during inflammation, and the influence of this altered remodeling on HDL function. The review will also discuss the contribution of the ATP-binding-membrane-cassette transporters to the protective actions of HDL. Recent findingsStudies using different models showed that remodeling of acute phase HDL in vitro generates pre-β migrating particles capable of cholesterol efflux. Induction of the acute phase response in humans resulted in a reduction of HDL phospholipids without a change in HDL-cholesterol. However, the capacity of HDL to promote cholesterol efflux ex vivo was impaired. Studies with ATP-binding-membrane-cassette transporter A1 and ATP-binding-membrane-cassette transporter G1 knockout mice demonstrated anti-inflammatory roles for these transporters by virtue of reducing cell-membrane-free cholesterol and lipid raft content, thus attenuating proinflammatory signaling pathways. SummaryIt is well known that HDL has anti-inflammatory properties that are diminished during inflammation. Acute phase HDL contains serum amyloid A that can be liberated during remodeling by cholesteryl ester transfer protein and secretory phospholipase A2, or other inflammatory factors. The ability of serum amyloid A and apolipoprotein A-I to promote cholesterol efflux may confer protective effects during the acute phase response.
Isolation of a High Affinity Inhibitor of Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator by Phage Display of Ecotin (*)

Ecotin, a serine protease inhibitor found in the periplasm of Escherichia coli, is unique in its ability and mechanism of inhibiting serine proteases of a broad range of substrate specificity. However, although the catalytic domain of human urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) has 40% identity to bovine trypsin and the substrate specificities of these two proteases are virtually identical, ecotin inhibits uPA almost 10,000-fold less efficiently than trypsin. Ecotin was expressed on the surface of filamentous bacteriophage (ecotin phage) to allow the isolation of more potent inhibitors of uPA from a library of ecotin variants. The 142-amino acid inhibitor was fused to the C-terminal domain of the M13 minor coat protein, pIII, through a Gly-Gly-Gly linker and assembled into phage particles. The ecotin phage were shown to react with anti-ecotin antibodies, revealing a stoichiometry of approximately one ecotin per bacteriophage. The ecotin displayed on the surface of phage inhibited trypsin with an equilibrium dissociation constant of 6.7 nM, in close approximation to that of free ecotin, indicating that phage-associated ecotin is correctly folded and functionally active. Reactive-site amino acids 84 and 85 of ecotin were then randomized and a library of 400 unique ecotin phage was created. Three hundred thousand members of the library were screened with immobilized uPA and subjected to three rounds of binding and in vitro selection. DNA sequence analysis of the selected ecotin phage showed that ecotin M84R/M85R predominated while ecotin M84R, M84K, and M84R/M85K were present at a lower frequency. The four ecotin variants were overexpressed and purified and their affinities toward uPA were determined. Each of the selected ecotin variants exhibited increased affinity for uPA when compared to wild-type ecotin with ecotin M84R/M85R showing a 2800-fold increase in binding affinity.
[Study on the cost-effectiveness, benefit and utility analysis on the infant inoculation hepatitis B vaccine in Shanghai].

OBJECTIVE To study the cost-effectiveness, benefit and utility of infant hepatitis B vaccination in Shanghai from 1992 to 2001. METHODS To calculate the cost of hepatitis B vaccination by cost analysis method. Both the numbers of persons with HBsAg positive and patient with hepatitis B, cirrhosis and liver cancer decreased as the index of direct effect. To study the sick-time and the cost of treating hepatitis B, cirrhosis and liver cancer patients, a face to face questionnaire was used and quasi method was adopted to understand the effect of cure and the course of hepatitis B. The cost benefit analysis method was also used to calculate the cost benefit of HBV vaccine. The disability adjusted life years (DALY) was regarded as an index of utility to measure the disease burden. RESULTS Input of 501,129.49 Yuan might have the result of reducing one liver cancer patient, ten cirrhosis patients, one hundred chronic hepatitis B patients and one thousand HBsAg positive people. The cost of hepatitis B vaccination was 0.24 hundred million Yuan during the past ten years in Shanghai, which had obtained the total benefit value of 41.22 hundred million Yuan, with a cost benefit ratio of 1:172 Yuan. It was estimated that the total disease burden of hepatitis B, cirrhosis and liver cancer patients was 59,762.55 DALY in order to reduce one DALY loss cost of 402.50 Yuan. CONCLUSION HBV vaccine inoculation in infants seemed to be a low-cost input and high-effect output strategy.