Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How to be a Good Sentimentalist

How can one be a good person? That, in essence, is the question I ask in this dissertation. More specifically, I ask how we, in general, can best go about the complex and never-ending task of trying to figure out what we should do and then do it. I answer that question in four articles, each dealing with an aspect of the model of morality presented by Adam Smith in The Theory of Moral Sentiments (TMS, 2002). The title of the dissertation, ‘How to be a good sentimentalist’, thus refers to that particular philosophical framework. However, the answers I give should be relevant to any person concerned with how to be a good person. The first article, Moral Tuning, deals with the first part of the question, namely how we can best go about figuring out what it is that we should and should not do. Specifically, it deals with the question of whether, and if so how, individuals like you and I can critically reflect upon the norms of our own society, sorting the chaff of merely conventional norms from the wheat of genuinely moral ones. In brief, it is the question of whether we as individuals are autonomous in our relation to the norms of our own society. In answering this question, my co-authors and I argue that Smith’s use of musical metaphors in TMS, words like tone, pitch, and concord, can be understood as elements of an analogical model of morality. In contrast to earlier interpretations of Smith’s musical metaphors, which have seen music as an aesthetic object, we draw on recent developments in musicology to argue that music may also be construed as a practice. Construing the source domain of this analogical model as musical practice allows us to construe the target domain also as a practice—as moral tuning. This in turn allows us to argue that moral autonomy consists in realising the freedom inherent in the constant need to translate norms into action, and in so doing, to interpret and reinterpret, not only the actions, but the norms themselves. In other words, following the norms of our own society already implies that we are autonomous in relation to them. Being good sentimentalists thus begins with realising that we are free to question and reshape the moral standard of our own society. The second article, Love Redirected, deals with the second part of the question, namely how we can best go about doing what we already think we should do. This, then, is a question of moral motivation, more specifically a question about the difference between genuinely moral motivation and other kinds of motivation, like a selfish desire for praise. Smith himself argues that we not only desire the actual praise of other people, but to be worthy of their praise, to be ‘praiseworthy’. The desire to be praiseworthy, the ‘love of praiseworthiness’ is then the genuinely moral motivation, for it aims at nothing but the satisfaction of having done the right thing. The trouble with Smith’s
Hot-Electron Photodetection Based on Graphene Transparent Conductive Electrode

Excited in metal nanoantennas by surface plasmons, the hot electrons with high energy can pass through the Schottky barrier between metal and semiconductor to form photocurrent. Because the energy required to excite hot-electrons is lower than the bandgap of the semiconductor of silicon, the photodetectors can obtain a wider detection spectrum, including the communication wavelengths. In recent years, the two-dimensional material of graphene has attracted wide attention due to its excellent optical transmissivity and electrical conductivity. In this paper, hot-electron photodetectors based on graphene transparent conductive electrode are proposed. Compared with the device utilizing Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) as transparent conductive electrode, the responsivity of the proposed device is greatly enhanced, which achieves 27.5 nA/mW and 17.4 nA/mW for wavelength of 1520 nm and 1550 nm respectively. This study shows that the proposed hot-electron photodetector with graphene transparent conductive electrode possesses great potential in optical communication.
Nemocní s karcinomem kolorekta a jejich následné a předcházející novotvary

Z 99378 nových karcinomů kolorekta u mužů a 78977 u žen, evidovaných v registru nadorů CR v letech 1976-2005, bylo 14860 karcinomu kolorekta u mužů a 11142 u žen spojeno s výskytem jiných zhoubných novotvarů.
Directional dense-trajectory-based patterns for dynamic texture recognition

Representation of dynamic textures (DTs), well-known as a sequence of moving textures, is a challenging problem in video analysis due to the disorientation of motion features. Analysing DTs to make them ‘understandable’ plays an important role in different applications of computer vision. In this study, an efficient approach for DT description is proposed by addressing the following novel concepts. First, the beneficial properties of dense trajectories are exploited for the first time to efficiently describe DTs instead of the whole video. Second, two substantial extensions of local vector pattern operator are introduced to form a completed model which is based on complemented components to enhance its performance in encoding directional features of motion points in a trajectory. Finally, the authors present a new framework, called directional dense trajectory patterns, which takes advantage of directional beams of dense trajectories along with spatio-temporal features of their motion points in order to construct dense-trajectory-based descriptors with more robustness. Evaluations of DT recognition on different benchmark datasets (i.e. UCLA, DynTex, and DynTex++) have verified the interest of the authors’ proposal.
Development of Labor Resources in the "Transportation and storage" Sector of Bulgaria

Labor resources are an important factor in the development of each sector of the national economy. Theoretically, the focus of attention is on the workforce considered in the context of factors influencing decisions related to the location of economic activities. Of particular interest in the present work are persons employed under the employment relationship in the “Transportation and storage” sector of Bulgaria, who are both hired in land, air and water transport, as well as in the activities of warehousing and cargo handling, support activities in transport and in postal and courier services. The research part analyzes the dynamics of the development of employees in the “Transportation and storage” sector of Bulgaria during the period 2002 - 2018. Finally, key conclusions are drawn regarding the development of labor resources in the sector.
Design and Application of Intelligent Forensics Schema For Mass Unstructured Data

— The proportion of unstructured data is much bigger than that of structured data. However, the research carried out in the field of the methods of unstructured data processing and analysis is not as intensive as that of structured data processing and analysis. This paper mainly involves the importance of the research on unstructured data. From the perspective of digital investigation, it further interprets the key techniques used in the processing and analysis of unstructured data, such as naming entity recognition, entity relation extracting, Web data extracting, etc. Combining the self-developed “Intelligent Analyzing System for Mass Case Information” and taking handling the online ball gambling cases in Chinese Mainland as the background in terms of the usage and application, this paper gives detailed explanation to the application of unstructured data processing and analysis in digital investigation in detail.
Age estimation in children using Demirjian’s technique: A retrospective study

Age estimation is a sub discipline of forensic odontology which plays an important part in every identification process, especially when information related to the deceased is unavailable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Demirjian’s Dental Age Estimation technique, with the help of Ortho-Pantomo-Graphs (OPG) in 50 children. 50 OPGs of children in the age group of 6-16 years were randomly selected and a cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted. Age estimation was done by the method given by Demirjian and two tailed test of the data was carried out. A significantly high difference was observed in the estimated and chronologic ages in the age group of 13-16 years than in 6-12 years. Demirjian's original method, using seven mandibular teeth is an accurate method of age estimation in children especially of the younger age group (6-12 years of age).
The Radioactive 45Ca Cannot Be Used for Adequate Estimation of the Functional Activity of 40Ca Ions in Cells and Organisms

Previously we have shown that nM ouabain-induced activation of cAMP-dependent Na/Ca exchange in reverse (R) mode in cell membrane has age-dependent weakening hydration effect on heart muscle and brain tissues and such Na/Ca exchange is characterized by quantum mechanical sensitivity. As in biological experiments radioactive 45Ca is used for the study of cold 40Ca exchange in cells and organisms, in the present work, the age-dependent effect of physiological solution (PS) containing either 40Ca or 45Ca on tissue hydration in different experimental conditions was studied in order to evaluate the bioequivalence of these two forms of Ca. The obtained data indicate that the intraperitoneal injections of 40Ca PS and 45Ca PS leading to activation of RNa/40Ca and RNa/45Ca exchanges, respectively, have different age-dependent effects on heart muscle and brain tissue hydration. As in myocyte membrane, the Na/Ca exchange is more expressed than in neuronal membrane, the age-dependent heart muscle hydration is more sensitive to quantum properties of Ca than brain tissue hydration. The [45Ca]i, in contrary to [40Ca]i, has age-dependent weakening and stabilizing effect on tissue hydration and makes the latter insensitive to ouabain. The obtained data bring us to a strong conclusion that RNa/Ca exchange has quantum mechanical properties and in biological experiments radioactive 45Ca cannot be used for adequate estimation of the functional activity of 40Ca ions in cells and organisms.
Quantitative Analysis of Style in Mihai Eminescu's Poetry

Quantitative stylistic methods aim to express certain aspects of a text in numeric form, thus allowing the introduction of fast, powerful and accurate computational approaches for analysis. While in the case of literature, the validity and usefulness of such studies is highly controversial, one cannot deny the opportunities brought forward by computational methods: first, the exploration of large sets of documents in search of patterns otherwise difficult to discover by human readers; second, the possibility of opening up new perspectives by uncovering latent features of texts. In this study, we investigate the poetic work of one of the most important Romanian poets, Mihai Eminescu, through a variety of quantitative methods addressing lexical, morphological, semantic and emotional aspects of text. We propose a comparison between the results of the computational approach and established interpretations of Eminescu’s work in order to assess the viability of computational methods in poetic style studies.
Perception Methods For Speed And Separation Monitoring Using Time-of-Flight Sensor Arrays

Perception Methods For Speed And Separation Monitoring Using Time-of-Flight Sensor Arrays Sarthak Arora Supervising Professor: Dr. Ferat Sahin This work presents the development of a perception pipeline to passively track the partial human ground pose in the context of human robot collaboration. The main motivation behind this work is to provide a speed and separation monitoring based safety controller with an estimate of human position on the factory floor. Three time-of-flight sensing rings affixed to the major links of an industrial manipulator are used to implement the aforementioned. Along with a convolutional neural network based unknown obstacle detection strategy, the ground position of the human operator is estimated and tracked using sparse 3-D point inputs. Experiments to analyze the viability of our approach are presented in depth in the further sections which involve real-world and synthetic datasets. Ultimately, it is shown that the sensing system can provide reliable information intermittently and can be used for higher level perception schemes.
Foundations Of Nursing In The Community Community Oriented Practice

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Hybrid Deformable Image Registration for Advanced Applications in Image-guided Interventions

Accounting for tissue deformation in medical imaging through Deformable Image Registration (DIR) is of significant clinical importance in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Recent advancements in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) have enabled better diagnosis of cancerous lesions in soft tissue organs such the prostate. However, correlative pathology is needed to validate the precise boundaries of MRI diagnostic findings. Correlation of histopathology with in vivo imaging involves several mechanical deformations to the prostate tissue, demanding the use of a DIR. At the therapy level, tissue deformations and physiological motion can lead to significant differences between the planned and the delivered radiation dose in radiotherapy treatments such as the lung. Deformable dose reconstruction using an accurate DIR is essential in better estimation of the delivered dose at the time of planning. iii A hybrid biomechanical intensity-based technique was developed and validated using 4dimensional Computed Tomography (4DCT) of lung cancer patients. The hybrid method was designed to take advantage of the benefits of the intensity-based algorithms (i.e. use of high contrast structures for accurate alignment) without losing the physical plausibility of complex physiological deformations obtained through the biomechanical modeling process. The combination of biomechanical and intensity-based registrations enabled a significantly more accurate registration with an average of 1.5 mm compared to 3.1 mm and 2.6 mm using each of the methods alone, respectively. The method was further tested using prostate MRI with average improvements of 0.7 mm compared to the biomechanical DIR. The biomechanical model based DIR was adapted for the correlation of histopathology with MRI showing the limited (53%) sensitivity of MR imaging in detecting the true cancerous regions in the prostate. This result is fundamental to the delivery of various treatments for locally recurrent prostate cancer where accurate definition of tumor burden is required. The impact of the hybrid method in radiation therapy was assessed in a retrospective lung dose calculation study. The results revealed that 1.6 mm reductions of average registration error using the hybrid method translates to over 1 Gy dose difference in up to 50% of a lung radiation therapy patient population, which may be clinically significant. In summary, the work in this thesis resulted in the development of a highly accurate hybrid DIR technique with substantial effects on understanding the prostate cancer diagnosis sensitivity, and the dosimetric calculations for lung
Phase I trial of daily PI3Kα inhibitor BYL719 plus letrozole (L) or exemestane (E) for patients (pts) with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

2605 Background: Hyperactivation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling is implicated in endocrine therapy resistance. Addition of an α-selective PI3K inhibitor to hormonal therapy may be tolerable and beneficial in hormone resistant HR+ MBC. Methods: This 3+3 dose-escalation trial studied daily oral PI3K inhibitor (BYL719) added to standard dose aromatase inhibitor L (Arm A) or E (Arm B). Pts with HR+ MBC, any/no PIK3CA mutation, and on L/E were eligible. A cycle (C) was 28 days. Endpoints were dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), tolerability (CTCAE 4.0), and efficacy (RECIST v1.1). Paired tumor biopsies were performed for genomic and proteomic correlatives. Results: 14 pts (median (M) age: 55 (30-69) yrs), 7 per arm, received a M of 2 (<1-7) cycles. All were evaluable for toxicity. PIK3CA status was mutant/wild-type/unknown in 8/5/1 pts. M number of prior MBC therapies was 2 (1-12) in Arm A and 6 (2-14) in Arm B. BYL719 was given at 2 dose levels (DL0, 300mg; DL-1, 250mg). Both arms had similar tox.
Polynomial Phylogenetic Analysis of Tree Shapes

Phylogenetic trees are a central tool in evolutionary biology. They demonstrate evolutionary patterns among species, genes, and with modern sequencing technologies, patterns of ancestry among sets of individuals. Phylogenetic trees usually consist of tree shapes, branch lengths and partial labels. Comparing tree shapes is a challenging aspect of comparing phylogenetic trees as there are few tools to describe tree shapes in a quantitative, accurate, comprehensive and easy-to-interpret way. Current methods to compare tree shapes are often based on scalar indices reflecting tree imbalance, and on frequencies of small subtrees. In this paper, we present tree comparisons and applications based on a polynomial that fully characterizes trees. Polynomials are important tools to describe discrete structures and have been used to study various objects including graphs and knots. There are also polynomials that describe rooted trees. We use tree-defining polynomials to compare tree shapes randomly generated by simulations and tree shapes reconstructed from data. Moreover, we show that the comparisons can be used to estimate parameters and to select the best-fit model that generates specific tree shapes.
A Bioinfomatic Analysis of Luminal and Mucosal Ileal Bacteria Colonizing Nursery Pigs Fed Different Protein Sources

A BIOINFOMATIC ANALYSIS OF LUMINAL AND MUCOSAL ILEAL BACTERIA COLONIZING NURSERY PIGS FED DIFFERENT PROTEIN SOURCES JAMIE L. ORTMAN 2019 Weaning is a critical time in a young pig’s life that will greatly impact its adult growth and development. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of various protein sources on the bacterial composition within luminal and mucosal populations in simple and complex diets to gain a better understanding of factors influencing gut health. Weaned pigs were fed 1 of 3 simple experimental diets: 1) basic diet containing corn and soybean meal (Negative Control NEG), 2) basic diet + fishmeal (FM; Positive Control POS), and 3) basic diet + microbially-enhanced soybean meal (MSBM). Phase I POS and MSBM diets (d0 – d7 post-wean) included FM or MSBM at 7.5%, while Phase II POS and MSBM diets (d8 – d21) included FM or MSBM at 5.0%, respectively. Host tissue and ileal digesta were collected from euthanized pigs at d21 (8 pigs/diet) to assess gut histology and intestinal bacterial profiles, respectively. Lactobacillus-affiliated sequences were found to be the most highly represented across treatments. Accordingly, the 3 most abundant Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were affiliated with Lactobacillus, with each showing a distinct abundance pattern with regards to dietary treatment. L. amylovorus, was found to be more abundant in NEG and POS samples, compared to MSBM samples, L. johnsonii, was more highly represented in POS and MSBM samples compared to NEG, L. delbrueckii, was found in highest abundance in ileal samples from MSBM-fed pigs. In trial 2, pens of weaned pigs (21d of age, 6.56 ±
Effects of dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio on growth performance, apparent digestibility, blood lipid profiles, fecal microbiota, and meat quality in finishing pigs

Abstract: The effects of dietary omega-6 (n-6) to omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios on growth performance, digestibility, blood lipid profiles, fecal microbial counts, and meat quality in finishing pigs were examined by using linseed and fish oil. A total of 140 crossbred finishing pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] were used in a 10 wk trial. Pigs were blocked based on body weight (BW) and sex and randomly allotted to four dietary treatments formulated to have n-6/n-3 ratios of 5/1, 10/1, 15/1, and 17/1 (control). Throughout the experiment, BW, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake were significantly (P < 0.05) increased with a decreased ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA. Energy digestibility and fecal Lactobacillus count showed a linear (P < 0.05) increase in week 10. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood triglyceride concentrations increased (P < 0.1) during week 10. However, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was reduced (P < 0.05) linearly during week 5 and week 10 with a reduction in dietary n-6/n-3 ratio. This study provides a basis for future research on altering n-6/n-3 ratio by using linseed oil and refined fish oil in finishing pigs.
Enhanced Performance of Constant Frequency Torque Controller–Based Direct Torque Control of Induction Machines with Increased Torque-Loop Bandwidth

Constant frequency torque controller-based direct torque control (CFTC-DTC) is emerging as a powerful control strategy for a high-performance control of alternating-current motor drives. Compared to DTC, the CFTC-DTC has less torque and flux ripples with a fixed switching frequency. Nevertheless, it has a limitation of the torque-loop bandwidth, as it uses the sampling frequency from a digital signal processor to generate a triangular-based carrier. The switching frequency of the control system is determined by the carrier frequency of the CFTC. The frequency limitation of CFTC leads to sector-flux droop, which causes a distortion in the motor phase current and aggravation in the torque and speed waveforms at low speed regions. In this article, we propose a modification of the frequency carriers of the CFTC-DTC of induction motors to increase the switching frequency and torque loop bandwidth by replacing the triangular-carrier-based waveform with a ramp-carrier-based waveform. The proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results showing its excellent performances in steady- and transient-state operations.