Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of P53 protein and local hGH, IGF-I, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-2 and PRL secretion by human breast cancer explants.

BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in concert with insulin-like binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), insulin-like binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2), human growth hormone (GH) and P53 protein is involved in autocrine/paracrine growth signaling pathways as an adaptive response to environmental stimuli. OBJECTIVE The study evaluated the local secretion of PRL, hGH, IGF-I, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 by breast cancer tissue explants in relation to the overexpression of P53 protein in breast cancer tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast cancer explants were obtained during radical mastectomies. The overexpression of P53 protein was assessed immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibody (DAKO, Anti-Human P53 protein, clone DO-7); the results of the reaction were stratified into 5 groups. The lack of P53 protein overexpression was defined as 0% of cells that overexpressed P53 protein. IGF-I, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-2, and hGH levels were measured with RIA kits, and prolactin was measured with the MEIA kit. RESULTS The local secretion of hGH by tumour explants - presenting a positive immunohistochemical reaction (IHCR) to the product of P53 gene - was twice as high as those with no IHCR to product of P53 gene; the opposite was noted in the case of IGF-I, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 secretion. In both cases, the level of hGH, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 secretion did not correlate with the ratio of cells overexpressing P53 protein. There was a significant decrease in local, basic IGFBP-2 secretion along with an increased ratio of cells with positive IHCR to product of P53 gene. Furthermore, local PRL secretion was not correlated with the ratio of cells overexpressing P53 protein in breast cancer tissue. Prolactin also exerts no influence on IGF-I secretion. CONCLUSION Our results may suggest the presence of local hGH/IGF-I feedback in breast tissue as well as the possibility of P53/hGH/IGF-I/IGFBP-3 but not P53/PRL/IGF-I axis.
Adherence to Computerized Clinical Reminders in a Large Healthcare Delivery Network

OBJECTIVE To evaluate clinicians' adherence with clinical reminders (CRs) across multiple ambulatory practice settings in an integrated health care network. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adherence rate to 15 CRs, integrated into a computerized patient record system, was evaluated for 451 clinicians in 49 clinics from eight Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers. RESULTS Overall, mean rate of adherence to CRs for all clinics was 86.2%, with a range of 66.59% to 97.08% (P<.001). The hepatitis C risk assessment reminder was found to have the highest overall adherence rate (95.9%) and the tobacco use cessation had the lowest adherence rate (62.9%). Mean adherence rate for all reminders was 80.34% (P<.001). Mean adherence rate for individual clinicians was 82.6%, with a range of 29% to 100%. CONCLUSION While overall adherence to CRs was high, there is significant variation by clinic, individual clinician and individual CR. Understanding this variation is critical in directing future efforts to improve the contribution of computerized CRs to quality and cost-effectiveness of care, and to decrease undesirable variation in clinical practice. Further research is needed to systematically evaluate clinician, reminder and systems related factors that influence adherence to CRs.
Bipolar versus monopolar transurethral resection of prostate: randomized controlled study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) using bipolar electrocautery and physiologic saline is a new technical advancement in the field of surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of this new technique and to compare the results with those of conventional monopolar TURP. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study included 60 patients who were randomized 1:1 to bipolar (group 1) or monopolar (group 2) TURP. Bipolar TURP was performed with the Vista CTR resectoscope and generator (ACMI Corp.). Preoperatively, patients were assessed by symptom score, uroflow, and transrectal sonography, and the two groups were comparable with regard to these measures and age. The preoperative and postoperative parameters studied included resection time, amount of tissue resected, irrigant amount, blood loss, fluid absorption, and change in serum sodium and hemoglobin. Postoperatively, patients were assessed for symptoms, symptom score, and uroflow rate at 1 and 3 months. RESULTS There was no difference in resected tissue amount, irrigant amount, fluid absorption, duration and amount of postoperative irrigation, or fall in hemoglobin. The mean resection rate was 0.61 g/min in group 1 and 0.74 g/min in group 2. Serum Na dropped by 4.6 Eq/L in group 2, whereas it fell only 1.2 mEq/L in group 1 (P < 0.001). Improvement in symptom and QoL scores and Q(max) were similar in the two groups. Postoperative dysuria was less common with bipolar resection. CONCLUSION Bipolar resection of the prostate is as effective as monopolar TURP. Moreover, it does not lead to any change in serum Na and causes less postoperative dysuria.
Automated English subtitling of Welsh TV Programmes

This paper discusses a government-funded Knowledge Transfer Partnership (KTP) project between Testun and Canolfan Bedwyr. The aim of the project is to develop an automated system for automating English subtitles for Welsh TV programmes, integrating a Welsh speech recognizer and a Welsh-English translation module within a subtitling environment. The paper discusses the motivation and mechanism, challenges, project plan and scope of this ambitious project as well as references to relevant prior research.
Lecturer performance system using neural network with Particle Swarm Optimization

The field of analyzing performance is very important and sensitive in particular when it is related to the performance of lecturers in academic institutions. Locating the weak points of lecturers through a system that provides an early warning to notify or reward the lecturers with warned or punished notices will help them to improve their weaknesses, leads to a better quality in the institutions. The current system has major issues in the higher education at Salahaddin University‐Erbil (SUE) in Kurdistan‐Iraq. These issues are: first, the assessment of lecturers’ activities is conducted traditionally via the Quality Assurance Teams at different departments and colleges at the university, second, the outcomes in some cases of lecturers’ performance provoke a low level of acceptance among lectures, as these cases are reflected and viewed by some academic communities as unfair cases, and finally, the current system is not accurate and vigorous. In this paper, Particle Swarm Optimization with Neural Network is used to assess performance of lecturers in more fruitful way and also to enhance the accuracy of recognition system. Different real and novel data sets are collected from SUE. The prepared datasets preprocessed and important features are then fed as input source to the training and testing phases. Particle Swarm Optimization is used to find the best weights and biases in the training phase of the neural network. The best accuracy rate obtained in the test phase is 98.28%. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 24:629–638, 2016; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21737
A clock and data recovery circuit with programmable multi-level phase detector characteristics and a built-in jitter monitor

We demonstrate a clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit having a new type of a multi-level bang-bang phase detector (ML-BBPD). The gain characteristics of our ML-BBPD can be programmed by scanning the dead-zone width of a variable dead-zone BBPD in the time domain. Its linear-like gain characteristics result in less sensitive CDR performance against input jitter and process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations. In addition, a built-in on-chip jitter monitor can be easily implemented using our ML-BBPD. A prototype 1.25-Gb/s CDR based on our ML-BBPD with a built-in jitter monitor is realized with 0.18- μm CMOS technology and its performance is successfully verified with measurement.
The Evolution of the German Corporate Network (1896-1933)

This article provides a structural analysis of co rporate interlocks in Germany at the beginning of the 20th cen tury. The main goal is, first, to point out that dense interlocking goes along with a socio -economic concentration process originating in the German Empire, and is "freezing" as a proved institutional solution during the Weimar Republic (Abelshauser, 2005; Streeck et al., 2001). Second, a special contribution is to highlight the mechanism behind the network evolution: multiple interlocking of "preferred" actors, thus, creating a core -periphery structured network. Reconstruction of social forces behind these patterns provides an insight into the diverse opportunity structure gained by core corporations. Results demonstrate that the German variety of economic modernization was not only a macro -phenomenon as aggregation would indicate. Actors were quite differe ntly guided by these macro signals. The specific structure of German interlocks is due to selection processes at the micro -level which finally created a hegemonic network different than expected.
Synchronous gene expressions during embryogenesis of Oncorhynchus masou (Yamame)

In order to detect periods of synchronous gene expressions during embryogenesis of Oncorhynchus masou (Yamame), we analyzed the peptide constituents of the embryos by means of two‐dimensional electrophoresis. New kinds of peptides were mainly detected in three periods, i.e. between the 12th and 13th day, between the 20th and 21st day, and between the 30th and 31st day after fertilization. Hatching occurred between the 34th and 37th day. These indicate that these three periods, which corespond to (1) the shifting stage from maternal to nuclear events in gene expression, (2) the development of external organs such as fins, and (3) the preparative stage for hatching, respectively, may be critical stages in gene expression.
Quality-of-life after curative surgery for gastric cancer: a comparison between total gastrectomy and subtotal gastric resection.

BACKGROUND/AIMS Quality-of-Life has become an increasingly important factor for long term survivors after surgery for gastric cancer. Quality-of Life also includes social and psychological aspects. Many gastric carcinomas are located in the distal two thirds of the stomach. In these cases, a subtotal gastric resection may be adequate if a proximal safety margin of 5 cm in intestinal type tumors according to Laurén and 10 cm in diffuse type cancers respectively can be achieved. On the other hand total gastrectomy "de principe" has been advocated for all gastric malignancies because of high local recurrence rates after subtotal resection. The aim of the present study was to assess the Quality-of-Life in long term survivors after resection for gastric cancer comparing subtotal gastric resection with total gastrectomy. METHODOLOGY One hundred ninety-five patients were examined with the Gastrointestinal Quality-of-Life-Index (GLQI). Hard clinical data such as postoperative weight loss, frequency of daily meals and bowel emptying were evaluated. One hundred five patients were submitted for total gastrectomy and in 90 patients a subtotal gastric resection was performed. None of the patients had clinical, radiological or endoscopic evidence of recurrence. RESULTS After subtotal gastric resection, patients achieved statistically significant better scores concerning disease/therapy-related symptoms, physical functions resulting in a better overall score (p < 0.02). Following subtotal resection, patients had a significantly lower weight loss compared to patients after total gastrectomy (p < 0.02), a smaller number of daily meals (p < 0.001) and a lower frequency of bowel emptying/day (p = 0.031). There was no statistically significant difference in emotional status or social activities showing a similar acceptance of disease and therapy in both groups. CONCLUSIONS In those cases where an adequate proximal safety margin can be achieved by a subtotal gastric resection, this procedure is preferable to a total gastrectomy. However preservation of the gastric stump should never be allowed to compromise oncological radicality.
Uncertainty contributions to low-flow projections in Austria

Abstract. The main objective of the paper is to understand the contributions to the uncertainty in low-flow projections resulting from hydrological model uncertainty and climate projection uncertainty. Model uncertainty is quantified by different parameterisations of a conceptual semi-distributed hydrologic model (TUWmodel) using 11 objective functions in three different decades (1976–1986, 1987–1997, 1998–2008), which allows for disentangling the effect of the objective function-related uncertainty and temporal stability of model parameters. Climate projection uncertainty is quantified by four future climate scenarios (ECHAM5-A1B, A2, B1 and HADCM3-A1B) using a delta change approach. The approach is tested for 262 basins in Austria. The results indicate that the seasonality of the low-flow regime is an important factor affecting the performance of model calibration in the reference period and the uncertainty of Q95 low-flow projections in the future period. In Austria, the range of simulated Q95 in the reference period is larger in basins with a summer low-flow regime than in basins with a winter low-flow regime. The accuracy of simulated Q95 may result in a range of up to 60 % depending on the decade used for calibration. The low-flow projections of Q95 show an increase of low flows in the Alps, typically in the range of 10–30 % and a decrease in the south-eastern part of Austria mostly in the range −5 to −20 % for the climate change projected for the future period 2021–2050, relative the reference period 1978–2007. The change in seasonality varies between scenarios, but there is a tendency for earlier low flows in the northern Alps and later low flows in eastern Austria. The total uncertainty of Q95 projections is the largest in basins with a winter low-flow regime and, in some basins the range of Q95 projections exceeds 60 %. In basins with summer low flows, the total uncertainty is mostly less than 20 %. The ANOVA assessment of the relative contribution of the three main variance components (i.e. climate scenario, decade used for model calibration and calibration variant representing different objective function) to the low-flow projection uncertainty shows that in basins with summer low flows climate scenarios contribute more than 75 % to the total projection uncertainty. In basins with a winter low-flow regime, the median contribution of climate scenario, decade and objective function is 29, 13 and 13 %, respectively. The implications of the uncertainties identified in this paper for water resource management are discussed.
Educational psychology and the effectiveness of inclusive education/mainstreaming.

BACKGROUND Inclusive education/mainstreaming is a key policy objective for the education of children and young people with special educational needs (SEN) and disabilities. AIMS This paper reviews the literature on the effectiveness of inclusive education/mainstreaming. The focus is on evidence for effects in terms of child outcomes with examination also of evidence on processes that support effectiveness. SAMPLES The review covers a range of SEN and children from pre-school to the end of compulsory education. METHOD Following an historical review of evidence on inclusive education/mainstreaming, the core of the paper is a detailed examination of all the papers published in eight journals from the field of special education published 2001-2005 (N=1373): Journal of Special Education, Exceptional Children, Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, Journal of Learning Disabilities, Remedial and Special Education, British Journal of Special Education, European Journal of Special Needs Education, and the International Journal of Inclusive Education. The derived categories were: comparative studies of outcomes: other outcome studies; non-comparative qualitative studies including non-experimental case studies; teacher practice and development; teacher attitudes; and the use of teaching assistants. RESULTS Only 14 papers (1.0%) were identified as comparative outcome studies of children with some form of SEN. Measures used varied but included social as well as educational outcomes. Other papers included qualitative studies of inclusive practice, some of which used a non-comparative case study design while others were based on respondent's judgements, or explored process factors including teacher attitudes and the use of teaching assistants. CONCLUSIONS Inclusive education/mainstreaming has been promoted on two bases: the rights of children to be included in mainstream education and the proposition that inclusive education is more effective. This review focuses on the latter issue. The evidence from this review does not provide a clear endorsement for the positive effects of inclusion. There is a lack of evidence from appropriate studies and, where evidence does exist, the balance was only marginally positive. It is argued that the policy has been driven by a concern for children's rights. The important task now is to research more thoroughly the mediators and moderators that support the optimal education for children with SEN and disabilities and, as a consequence, develop an evidence-based approach to these children's education.
Continuously Tunable Photonic Fractional Temporal Differentiator Based on a Tilted Fiber Bragg Grating

A tunable temporal photonic fractional differentiator implemented based on a tilted fiber Bragg grating is proposed and demonstrated. The phase response at a cladding mode resonant wavelength is strongly polarization-dependent and the fractional order of the photonic differentiator can be continuously tuned by changing the polarization state of the input light wave. A proof-of-concept experiment is carried out. The fractional differentiation of an optical Gaussian pulse with a bandwidth of 40 GHz is demonstrated, in which the fractional order is continuously tuned from 0.81 to 1.42.
Temporal habitat variability and the maintenance of sex in host populations of the pea aphid

The evolutionary maintenance of sex, despite competition from asexual reproduction, has long intrigued the evolutionary biologists owing to its numerous apparent short-term costs. In aphids, winter climate is expected to determine the maintenance of sexual lineages in the high latitude zones owing to their exclusive ability to produce frost-resistant eggs. However, diverse reproductive modes may coexist at a local scale where climatic influence is counteracted by microgeographical factors. In this study, we tested the influence of local habitat characteristics on regional coexistence of reproductive modes in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum. In the laboratory, the induction of sexual morph production of many pea aphid genotypes from the local fields of annual (pea and faba bean) and perennial (alfalfa and red clover) crops in Western France indicated that A. pisum lineages from annual crops had a significantly higher investment in sexual reproduction than A. pisum lineages from the perennial hosts. We propose that temporal habitat variability exerts a selective pressure to maintain the sexual reproduction in A. pisum. The ecological and evolutionary consequences of the association between the mode of reproduction and the host population on gene flow restriction and on ecological specialization are discussed.
Availability of sulphur amino acids in protein foods

In the first paper of this series (Miller & Carpenter, 1964) we reported that the total sulphur amino acid content of meat, fish and whale-meat meals was not directly related to their net protein utilization (NPU) for the rat even when sulphur amino acids had been shown to be limiting. The results were interpreted to indicate a degree of unavailability of the sulphur amino acids, especially in those meals of low NPU. Estimates of ‘digestible sulphur amino acids’ were found to correlate closely with
Genome Sequence of Bacillus subtilis SPZ1, an Evolved Strain for Higher Uptake Rate of Tributyrin

ABSTRACT The lipase-producing strain Bacillus subtilis SPZ1 is isolated from the medium by tributyrin as the sole carbon source. Here, we present a 4.13-Mb assembly of its genome sequence, which may provide various kinds of useful information related to Bacillus spp. , such as mechanisms and control of the substrate uptake and protein secretion pathways.
The FK 506 binding protein 13 kDa ( FKBP 13 ) interacts with the C-chain of complement C 1 q

Background: The pharmacological action of specific immunosuppressants is mediated by immunophilins. While cyclosporin A binds to cyclophilins, FK506/tacrolimus, rapamycin, and others bind to FK506 binding proteins (FKBPs). Different physiological actions of immunophilins were described but their genuine function, however, remains elusive and is still under investigation. A yeast two-hybrid screen was performed using the FK506 binding protein 13 kDa (FKBP13) as a bait and a fetal liver expression library as a prey. Results: The C-chain of complement C1q (C1q-C) was detected to interact with FKBP13 in the yeast two-hybrid system and in a protein complementation assay. Neither FKBP12, FKBP25, FKBP52 nor the unrelated immunophilin CypA did react with C1q-C in the yeast system stressing the specificity of the interaction. Binding of C1q-C to FKBP13 could not be prevented in the presence of FK506, demonstrating that possibly other regions than the binding pocket of the drug are responsible for the interaction of the two proteins. Conclusion: It is concluded that exclusively FKBP13 but no other FKBPs tested so far interact with the C-chain of complement C1q in the two different assays and further work will be initiated to investigate the physiological relevance of the interaction. Background The pharmacological action of cyclosporin A and FK506/ tacrolimus is mediated by cytosolic immunophilins namely cyclophilin A and the FK506 binding protein 12 kDa (FKBP12). The drug immunophilin complex binds to and inhibits the protein phosphatase calcineurin thus preventing signal transduction in activated T cells [1]. FKBPs are a family of proteins that were found from procaryotes to humans. At least 10 human FKBPs are known and can be found in every tissue so far analyzed. Some FKBPs bind to and "stabilize" intracellular receptors. For example, FKBP12 and FKBP12.6 interact with the ryanodine Ca2+ channels RyR1 and RyR2, respectively [2,3]. FKBP52 is part of the steroid receptor complex [4]. Another FKBP, FKBP13, is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. FKBP13 mRNA is up-regulated in the presence of unfolded proteins, e.g. after tunicamycin treatment and heat shock and it is regarded to act as a chaperone [5]. On the other hand FKBP13 was shown to interact specifically with single proteins like a homologue of the erythrocyte membrane cytoskeletal protein 4.1 and a FKBP associated protein 48 kDa [6,7]. Finally, FKBP25 was described to be a nuclear protein and the transcription factor YY1 or Published: 07 September 2004 BMC Pharmacology 2004, 4:19 doi:10.1186/1471-2210-4-19 Received: 02 April 2004 Accepted: 07 September 2004 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral. com/1471-2210/4/19 © 2004 Neye and Verspohl; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.