Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Posts, Likes, Shares, and DMs: A Qualitative Exploration of How Social Media Is Related to Sexual Agency in Young People

ABSTRACT It is well documented that social interactions have a crucial impact on all aspects of personal development for adolescents, however few studies have documented how social interactions affect a young person’s sense of sexual agency. The aim of the current qualitative study was to examine young people’s perceptions of their own sexual agency in relation to their social media attitudes and behaviors. Participants (n = 31) were recruited from a nonprofit organization and asked to complete a one-hour in-depth interview and a demographic survey. Using an inductive method, involving constant comparison, we identified four overarching themes: (a) Participants utilize different social media platforms for distinct purposes and are cognizant of each audience; (b) Based on past experiences, participants have negotiated and created their own rules of engagement for online behavior; (c) Participants have different expectations about how others should act online versus how they act in relation to flirty or sexual messages; (d) Participants were concerned about the authenticity of online identities and are aware of vulnerability in online interactions. Our results highlight the need for sexual health researchers to observe social network etiquette closely through the lens of autonomy and agency.
Design of efficient soft X-ray laser using neonlike Fe driven by iodine laser

In this contribution we outline our program aimed at obtaining an efficient soft x-ray laser at the wavelength 25.5 nm, using collisional excitation in a neonlike iron plasma. The goal of the research that we are pursuing is to develop a relatively small-scale soft x-ray laser that would be accessible for a variety of applications. A driver available for us is the laser iodine photodissociation laser system PERUN, providing on the order of 40 joules in on the order of 400 ps (FWHM) pulses at the fundamental wavelength 1.315 micrometer. Theoretical analysis based on Z-scaling as well as detailed computer modeling of neonlike Fe plasmas suggest driving energies of approximately equals 15 Jcm-1 should be sufficient to generate high gain coefficients (up to 7 cm-1) on the J equals 0 minus 1 line at 25.5 nm. The modeling reveals that a 1.315 micrometer iodine driver is more efficient in producing J equals 0 minus 1 amplification in this moderate-Z system than a 1.06 micrometer Nd:glass driver. As optimizing of pumping conditions is imperative for the feasibility of the project, we have started our experimental effort by investigating plasmas analogous to those created by a small-level prepulse, i.e. by intensities ranging from approximately 5 multiplied by 109 to approximately 1.3 multiplied by 1011 Wcm-2. Preliminary results of this study are discussed elsewhere in this Proceedings.
Clinical Comparison of a Hearing Aid, a Personal Sound Amplification Product, and a Wearable Augmented Reality Device

Copyright © 2021 by Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol. 14, No. 3: 359-361, August 2021 https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2021. 00297
Functional modeling of recurrent events on time‐to‐event processes

In clinical practice, it is often the case where the association between the occurrence of events and time‐to‐event outcomes is of interest; thus, it can be modeled within the framework of recurrent events. The purpose of our study is to enrich the information available for modeling survival with relevant dynamic features, properly taking into account their possibly time‐varying nature, as well as to provide a new setting for quantifying the association between time‐varying processes and time‐to‐event outcomes. We propose an innovative methodology to model information carried out by time‐varying processes by means of functional data, modeling each time‐varying variable as the compensator of marked point process the recurrent events are supposed to derive from. By means of Functional Principal Component Analysis, a suitable dimensional reduction of these objects is carried out in order to plug them into a Cox‐type functional regression model for overall survival. We applied our methodology to data retrieved from the administrative databases of Lombardy Region (Italy), related to patients hospitalized for Heart Failure (HF) between 2000 and 2012. We focused on time‐varying processes of HF hospitalizations and multiple drugs consumption and we studied how they influence patients' overall survival. This novel way to account for time‐varying variables allowed to model self‐exciting behaviors, for which the occurrence of events in the past increases the probability of a new event, and to quantify the effect of personal behaviors and therapeutic patterns on survival, giving new insights into the direction of personalized treatment.
Impact of Reactive Oxidative Metabolites Among New Categories of Nonischemic Heart Failure

Background We investigated the clinical significance of derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (DROMs), a new marker of reactive oxygen species, in patients with nonischemic heart failure (HF) and compared them among new categories of HF. Methods and Results We recruited 201 consecutively hospitalized patients with HF and measured DROM under stable conditions. Then, we divided them according to new categories of HF (HF with reduced ejection fraction [EF], HF with midrangeEF, and HF with preserved EF) without coronary artery disease. In subgroup analysis, we followed EF changes in patients with HF with reduced EF and classified them into HF with recovered EF or nonrecovered EF according to whether EF had improved to >40%. DROMs are significantly and independently associated with HF‐related events in patients with NIHF. There were no significant differences in DROM and the probability of HF‐related events among HF categories in Kaplan–Meier analysis. However, patients with HF with reduced EF and HF with preserved EF but not HF with midrange EF with HF‐related events had higher DROM than those without HF‐related events. In subgroup analysis, Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that the probabilities of HF‐related events in HF with recovered EF were dramatically decreased. DROM were significantly higher in patients with HF with nonrecovered EF than in HF with recovered EF. In receiver operating characteristic analysis, the cutoff level of DROM for predicting improvements in HF with recovered EF was 347 Carratelli units. Furthermore, the C‐statistic value for predicting EF improvement for the DROM levels was 0.703. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, DROM was independently and significantly associated with the prediction of HF with recovered EF. Conclusions DROM measurements can provide important prognostic information for risk stratification in any category of NIHF. Registration URL: https://www.umin. ac.jp/ctr/; Unique identifier: UMIN000035827.
Genipin crosslinked chitosan/PEO nanofibrous scaffolds exhibiting an improved microenvironment for the regeneration of articular cartilage

Towards optimizing the growth of extracellular matrix to produce repair cartilage for healing articular cartilage (AC) defects in joints, scaffold-based tissue engineering approaches have recently become a focus of clinical research. Scaffold-based approaches by electrospinning aim to support the differentiation of chondrocytes by providing an ultrastructure similar to the fibrillar meshwork in native cartilage. In a first step, we demonstrate how the blending of chitosan with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) allows concentrated chitosan solution to become electrospinnable. The chitosan-based scaffolds share the chemical structure and characteristics of glycosaminoglycans, which are important structural components of the cartilage extracellular matrix. Electrospinning produced nanofibrils of ∼100 nm thickness that are closely mimicking the size of collagen fibrils in human AC. The polymer scaffolds were stabilized in physiological conditions and their stiffness was tuned by introducing the biocompatible natural crosslinker genipin. We produced scaffolds that were crosslinked with 1.0% genipin to obtain values of stiffness that were in between the stiffness of the superficial zone human AC of 600 ± 150 kPa and deep zone AC of 1854 ± 483 kPa, whereas the stiffness of 1.5% genipin crosslinked scaffold was similar to the stiffness of deep zone AC. The scaffolds were degradable, which was indicated by changes in the fibril structure and a decrease in the scaffold stiffness after seven months. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis after three weeks of culture with human articular chondrocytes (HACs) showed a cell viability of over 90% on the scaffolds and new extracellular matrix deposited on the scaffolds.
FUNGUS GENERATED NOVEL NANOPARTICLES: A NEW PROSPECTIVE FOR MOSQUITO CONTROL

This work was to evaluate the efficacies of the nanoparticles (NPs) of silver (Ag) and Gold (Au) against the major tropical mosquitoes. In the present study, the Ag and Au NPs were synthesized by using the cell free extract of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. pisi fungus. The bioreduction of AgNPs and AuNPs was monitored by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and the AgNPs and AuNPs obtained were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The synthesized AgNPs and AuNPs were spherical particles ranging in size from 20-40 nm (AgNPs) and 2-10 nm (AuNPs). Further, these synthesized NPs were also tasted as larvicides and pupicides against the larvae and pupae of Cx. quinquefasciatus, An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti. The efficacy test was performed at different concentrations for a period of different hours by the probit analysis. The maximum efficacy was observed in synthesized AgNPs against the larvae of Ae. aegypti (LC50 8, 6, 4, LC90 12.30, 12.58, 11.48, LC99 15.48, 13.48, 12.88 ppm, respectively for first, second and fourth in stars) after 1 h and pupae (LC50, 2, LC90 11 and LC99 13 ppm) after 2 h. The maximum efficacy was observed in AuNPs against the larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus (LC50 12.58, LC90 30.00 and LC99 42.65 ppm) after 48 h. This suggest that the synthesized Ag and Au NPs could be an environmentally safer, greener and better approach for mosquito control than current approach.
Effects of temperature and Cu2+ catalyst on liquid-phase oxidation of industrial wastewaters

Wet air oxidation is a process in which partial oxidations arise in an aqueous medium. Elevated temperature and pressure have enhanced solvent power for both oxygen in air and organics in wastewaters. Oxidations have therefore been carried out either in a kinetic-controlling or in a diffusion-controlling operation. Spent caustic and neutralized wastewaters obtained from a petrochemicals-manufacturing process, were employed in this study for wet oxidation in a semi-batch reactor. Temperature was indicated by preliminary kinetic data to be the primary factor influencing a situation where there was little control by diffusion. The oxidation reactions of hydrocarbon organic compounds were demonstrated to be enhanced if Cu2+ was used as the catalyst. Designing and developing wet oxidation for processing industrial wastewaters was pursued in this present study by successfully adopting homogeneous kinetic models which were, subsequently, employed for calculating rate constants of oxidation reactions by correlating organics removal efficiency with oxidation time.
Cryo-EM reveals a previously unrecognized structural protein of a dsRNA virus implicated in its extracellular transmission

Mosquito viruses cause unpredictable outbreaks of disease. Recently, several unassigned viruses isolated from mosquitoes, including the Omono River virus (OmRV), were identified as totivirus-like viruses, with features similar to those of the Totiviridae family. Most reported members of this family infect fungi or protozoans and lack an extracellular life cycle stage. Here, we identified a new strain of OmRV and determined high-resolution structures for this virus using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. The structures feature an unexpected protrusion at the five-fold vertex of the capsid. Disassociation of the protrusion could result in several conformational changes in the major capsid. All these structures, together with some biological results, suggest the protrusions’ associations with the extracellular transmission of OmRV.
In- v itro Free Radical Scavenging, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta Indica A. Juss. of Assam

Azadirachta indica A. Juss.is well known for its wide spectrum therapeutic values and it is an inherent part of conventional medicinal system fo r many centuries in the Indian Subcontinent curing many household ailments. The antibacterial study was carried out taking six strains of pathogenic bacteria and the antioxidant free radical scavenging activity was studied againsthydroxyl radical, lip id pero xidation, nitric o xide and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy l (DPPH). The study showed reasonable activity against In case of Gram positive bacteria theantimicrobial properties wh ile its activity was found poor against almost all the Gram negative bacterial test samples as compared to the standard Oflo xacin. The antioxidant activities were found positive in all except against nitric o xide radical. The Azadirachta Indicais found to be a promising antibacterial and antio xidant agent which can be industrially exp loited to produce many useful med icinal products.
Large‐scale functional network connectivity mediate the associations of gut microbiota with sleep quality and executive functions

Network neuroscience has broadly conceptualized the functions of the brain as complex communication within and between large‐scale neural networks. Nevertheless, whether and how the gut microbiota influence functional network connectivity that in turn impact human behaviors has yet to be determined. We collected fecal samples from 157 healthy young adults and used 16S sequencing to assess gut microbial diversity and enterotypes. Large‐scale inter‐ and intranetwork functional connectivity was measured using a combination of resting‐state functional MRI data and independent component analysis. Sleep quality and core executive functions were also evaluated. Then, we tested for potential associations between gut microbiota, functional network connectivity and behaviors. We found significant associations of gut microbial diversity with internetwork functional connectivity between the executive control, default mode and sensorimotor systems, and intranetwork connectivity of the executive control system. Moreover, some internetwork functional connectivity mediated the relations of microbial diversity with sleep quality, working memory, and attention. In addition, there was a significant effect of enterotypes on intranetwork connectivity of the executive control system, which could mediate the link between enterotypes and executive function. Our findings not only may expand existing biological knowledge of the gut microbiota‐brain‐behavior relationships from the perspective of large‐scale functional network organization, but also may ultimately inform a translational conceptualization of how to improve sleep quality and executive functions through the regulation of gut microbiota.
Deep Learning Adapted to Differential Neural Networks Used as Pattern Classification of Electrophysiological Signals

This manuscript presents the design of a deep differential neural network (DDNN) for pattern classification. First, we proposed a DDNN topology with three layers, whose learning laws are derived from a Lyapunov analysis, justifying local asymptotic convergence of the classification error and the weights of the DDNN. Then, an extension to include an arbitrary number of hidden layers in the DDNN is analyzed. The learning laws for this general form of the DDNN offer a contribution to the deep learning framework for signal classification with biological nature and dynamic structures. The DDNN is used to classify electroencephalographic signals from volunteers that perform an identification graphical test. The classification results show exponential growth in the signal classification accuracy from 82 percent with one layer to 100 percent with three hidden layers. Working with DDNN instead of static deep neural networks (SDNN) represents a set of advantages, such as processing time and training period reduction up to almost 100 times, and the increment of the classification accuracy while working with less hidden layers than working with SDNN, which are highly dependent on their topology and the number of neurons in each layer. The DDNN employed fewer neurons due to the induced feedback characteristic.
Complete Assignment of 1H and 13C NMR Spectra of Tilmicosin Phosphate

The 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopic data of tilmicosin phosphate has been fully assigned by combination of oneand two-dimensional experiments (DEPT, HMBC, HMQC, 1 H1 H COSY). The site of combination with phosphoric acid was assigned by comparing the 13 C NMR chemical shifts between tilmicosin and its phosphate. [Life Science
MICROBIOLOGICAL FORMATION OF BASIC FERRIC SULFATES

The iron-oxidizing bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was isolated from yellow-brown deposits found in soil, shale, metamorphic rock, and a uranium mine. In addition to the bacterium and pyrite, jarosite (K Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6), a basic ferric sulfate, was found to be present in the deposits. Oxidation of ferrous sulfate by the organism in liquid medium resulted in the formation of jarosite. On a solid medium of agar containing ferrous sulfate, ammoniojarosite (NH4Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6) was formed. Because jarosite can be synthesized at 25 C and 1 atm, it" is suggested that under natural conditions T. ferrooxidans plays a role in the formation of basic ferric sulfates.
Advances in Neuroscience, Not Devices, Will Determine the Effectiveness of Visual Prostheses

ABSTRACT Background: Innovations in engineering and neuroscience have enabled the development of sophisticated visual prosthetic devices. In clinical trials, these devices have provided visual acuities as high as 20/460, enabled coarse navigation, and even allowed for reading of short words. However, long-term commercial viability arguably rests on attaining even better vision and more definitive improvements in tasks of daily living and quality of life. Purpose: Here we review technological and biological obstacles in the implementation of visual prosthetics. Conclusions: Research in the visual prosthetic field has tackled significant technical challenges, including biocompatibility, signal spread through neural tissue, and inadvertent activation of passing axons; however, significant gaps in knowledge remain in the realm of neuroscience, including the neural code of vision and visual plasticity. We assert that further optimization of prosthetic devices alone will not provide markedly improved visual outcomes without significant advances in our understanding of neuroscience.
Impact of vowel reduction in L2 Chinese learners of Portuguese within and across word boundaries

Connected speech processes have a great impact on word recognition. This is particularly impactful for L2 learners. Vowel reduction is a very productive process in European Portuguese and plays an important role within and across word boundaries. Our goal is to understand the inﬂuence of these phonetic-phonological phenomena in L2 Chinese learners of European Portuguese in word identiﬁcation tasks, in continuous speech, in a classroom environment. We designed a perception experiment involving these phenomena in increasing degrees of dif-ﬁculty: isolated word identiﬁcation without (i) and with vowel reduction (ii); word identiﬁcation with simple (iii) and complex connected speech processes (iv). This study took place in a classroom setting and it was applied to a group of B1 students of European Portuguese and a group of native speakers (control group). Data from L2 oral productions were also collected to compare it with perception data. The rate of correct answers for each task matched our expectations: (i) 94%; (ii) 65%; (iii) 31%; (iv) 16%. The results reveal that word recognition is challenging for L2 learners due to the connected speech processes. Vowel reduction brings difﬁculties for learners, even when the word is isolated. Production analysis reveals that learners do not produce vowel reduction, nor any other phonetic-phonological phenomena across word boundaries.
Devising a method of protection against zero-day attacks based on an analytical model of changing the state of the network sandbox

This paper reports a method of protection against zero-day attacks using SandBox technology based on the developed analytical model with a probabilistic ranking of information system states. The model takes into consideration the conditions of a priori uncertainty regarding the parameters of the destructive flow on the system, accounting for the typical procedures of the network SandBox. The proposed model of information system states makes it possible to analyze and track all possible states, as well as assess the level of security in these states, and the probability of transitions into them. Thus, it is possible to identify the most dangerous ones and track the activities that caused the corresponding changes. The fundamental difference between this model and standard approaches is the weight coefficients that characterize not the intensity of random events but the intensity of transitions between states. Direct implementation and application of the proposed analytical model involved the technology of multilevel network "SandBoxes". The difference from other popular anti-virus tools is the use of a priori mathematical threat assessment, which makes it possible to detect influences that are not considered threats by classical systems until the moment of harm to the system. The combination with standard security tools makes it possible to separately analyze files that are too large in size, whether they enter the system not through a common gateway controlled by the network "SandBox" but from the external media of end-users. The implementation of the developed analytical model has made it possible to improve the level of protection of the corporate network by 15 %, based on the number of detected threats. This difference is explained by the inability of classical software to detect new threats if they are not already listed in the database of the program, and their activity is not trivial
Testing challenges for NLP-intensive bots

The popularity of bots is on the rise, with many bots able to interact with users via a chat or voice interface thanks to the embedding of a Natural Language Processing (NLP) component. Still, companies often express concerns about the quality of such bots, as their malfunctioning could have a severe impact on the company revenue or image. Unfortunately, the field of testing NLP-intensive bots is still in its infancy. This paper aims to characterize the testing properties and techniques (and their adaptation) relevant to this type of bots. We believe this will be helpful as a reference framework to compare and evaluate future bot testing research initiatives.