Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CO2 geological sequestration in heterogeneous binary media: Effects of geological and operational conditions

Realistic representation of subsurface heterogeneity is essential to better understand and effectively predict the migration and trapping patterns of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) during geological carbon sequestration (GCS). Many candidate aquifers for GCS have sedimentary architectures which reﬂect ﬂuvial deposition, where coarser-grained facies with higher-permeability (e.g., sandstone) are juxtaposed within ﬁner-grained facies with lower-permeability (e.g., shale). Because the subsurface is difﬁcult to access and sample, geostatistical methods are often used to model the spatial distribution of geological facies across different scales. We use a transition-probability based approach to simulate heterogeneous systems with binary facies distributions and the resulting petrophysical properties at the ﬁeld scale. The approach produces heterogeneity ﬁelds which honor observable and physical facies attributes (e.g., volumetric proportions, mean lengths, and juxtapositional tendencies). Further, we use the associated facies-dependent properties for both relative permeability and capillary pressure relations and their hysteretic behavior. Heterogeneous facies models are used to investigate the sensitivity of different trapping mechanisms (i.e., dissolution, residual trapping) as well as CO 2 plume dynamics to variability in (1) the spatial organization and connectivity of sedimentary facies types; (2) aquifer temperature; (3) CO 2 injection period; (4) perforation length; and (5) the level of impurity, represented here as methane (CH 4 ) present in injected CO 2 streams. Model results show that the magnitudes of residual and solubility trapping are reduced by increasing the percentage and degree of connectivity of high-permeability facies. An increase in aquifer temperature leads to a decrease in residual trapping and an increase in solubility trapping. Results also reveal that for a given volume of injected CO 2 , shorter injection times yield higher total amounts of trapped CO 2 . Similarly, wells perforated over a shorter thickness of the aquifer contribute to an increase in both residual and solubility trapping. We also ﬁnd that increased CH 4 concentrations in the injected CO 2 streams decrease residual trapping while increasing solubility trapping. This effect is more pronounced at shallower depths, where the pressure and temperature of the aquifer are lower. Cited as : Ershadnia, R. , Wallace, C.D. , Soltanian, M.R. CO 2 geological sequestration in heterogeneous binary media: Effects of geological and operational conditions. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2020, 4(4): 392-405, doi: 10.46690/ager.2020. 04.05.
THE TRAINING OF MANAGERS

Information technology (IT) organizations are facing important challenges. They must respond to new technologies and business applications and at the same time provide quality services that satisfy the present needs of their client organizations. The Chief information officer (CIO) of a Danish financial institution experienced increasing problems with internal recruitment of managers with sufficient and suitable competence to face these challenges. As a consequence, he decided to establish an ambitious in-house training program aimed at developing appropriate managerial skills and attitudes. The paper presents a number of tales about this training program, each of them told from a different perspective and with varying degrees of interpretation. The paper first describes the training program, its context, the initial design, the process, and the results. The program is then evaluated from different viewpoints: the sponsor and designers, the trainees, and the IT organization. Subsequently, the program is discussed as an action learning activity in which individual learning interacts with the organizational context. Based on these analyses normative propositions are made about action learning as a strategy for developing managerial skills and attitudes as part of the ongoing transformation of IT organizations. PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
ANNEALING TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF NANOCRYSTALLINE TiO2 FILMS PREPARED BY SOL-GEL METHOD USED FOR SOLAR CELL APPLICATION

TiO2 nanocrystalline films were successfully deposited onto glass substrates by sol-gel method at different annealing temperatures (0, 300,400,500 and 600 o C). The effect of annealing process on structural, optical and photocatalytic Activity were mainly investigated. The structural analysis shows that the un-annealed and films annealed at 300 o C are amorphous, and after annealing from 400 o C to 600 o C results in polycrystalline TiO2 thin films. XRD showed the structural orientation of the films especially in (101) plane corresponding anatasa phase of TiO2.Crystallite size and films thickness increase gradually with annealing temperature due to the decrease in concentration of lattice imperfections and enhancement of nucleation and coalescence. TiO2 have highly transmittance in the visible range and the optical band gap value of the TiO2 thin films decreases from 3.95 to 3.65 eV with the annealing temperature increment as a result of the improved crystalline structure. The refractive index as a function of wavelength was determined. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 shows that the degradation under sun light was high comparing to UV. Thus, the annealing effects on the physical properties of TiO2 thin films will be useful for the formation of highly crystalline and high-transmittance TiO2 thin films for solar cell application.
Total fatty acid production in golden alga Prymnesium parvum a potential bio-diesel feedstock

Developing renewable and sustainable feedstocks for biodiesel production is one strategy for reducing our dependence on petroleum-based fuel. Microalgae are attractive feedstocks for biodiesel due to their high lipid content and fast growth rate. In addition algae, can be cultured on marginal lands using saline water and thus avoiding competition with arable land. This study investigates the total fatty acid content in Prymnesium parvum, which has the potential as a feedstock for biodiesel production. Prymnesium parvum was cultured in artificial sea water with the salinity adjusted to 14 15 (psu) and a pH ranging from 7.8 8.5. The culture temperature was 25.7°C under florescent light with a 16:8 (L/D) cycle. Total fatty acids produced had a mean of 11.679 % ± 0.68671 (DW). These percentages were below the 22-38% previously reported by E. W. Becker 1994. Total algal biomass produced had a mean yield of 0.34mg ± 0.07204 (DW) / L. In comparison to other algal species used as feedstocks, P. parvum produced significantly less fatty acids and biomass. Prymnesium parvum also exhibited signs of self toxicity with frequent crash cycles. The self toxicity would have contributed to its inability to produce both lipids and dry biomass. Further studies for increasing fatty acid production in P. parvum may require using a continuous bioreactor system, controlling environmental conditions to relieve selftoxicity and adjusting nutrient concentrations. Exposure to different light/dark regiments along with increasing CO2 concentrations should be explored to possibly increase yields.
Quality characteristics of Korean traditional rice wine (Takju) prepared by addition of green pepper

Makgeolli, frequently called Takju, a famous Korean traditional rice wine, has long been prepared and consumed in Korea. Takju consumption in Korea has been increased because of its nutritional and functional values. The objective of the present study was to investigate the chemical characteristics, color values, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities, total phenolic contents, and sensory characteristics of Takju. Green peppers enhanced the antioxidant potential, and the overall acceptance of pepper Takju. Moreover, unfavorable effects of green peppers were not observed on the basic chemical and organoleptic properties, but imparted favorable properties on pepper Takju. The appropriate amount of green peppers to be added to the second phase of Takju fermentation was about 9% of the total rice for fermentation. The results of the present study revealed that, an addition of optimum amount of green peppers could enhance the antioxidant potentials and also the overall acceptance of Takju. Key words: Antioxidant potential, green pepper, Korean traditional wine, quality characteristic, Takju.
Application of PANI/TiO2 Composite for Photocatalytic Degradation of Contaminants from Aqueous Solution

Polyaniline (PANI) is a promising conducting polymer for surface modification of TiO2 to achieve extended photoresponse to visible light and increased photocatalytic efficiency. In this study, we report the synthesis of a PANI/TiO2 composite with different weight ratios of PANI, which was subsequently employed for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB), bisphenol A (BPA), and bacteriophage MS2 under visible-light irradiation. The functional groups, morphology, and light response of the composite were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission transmission electron microscopy, and diffuse reflectance UV–visible spectroscopy, respectively. The PANI/TiO2 composite containing 4% by weight ratio of PANI was most suitable for MB degradation, and this photocatalyst was very stable even after repeated use (four cycles). The degradation of BPA and bacteriophage MS2 by PANI/TiO2 composite reached 80% in 360 min and 96.2% in 120 min, respectively, under visible-light irradiation. Therefore, the PANI/TiO2 composite with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic efficiency and stability can be widely used for the degradation of water contaminants.
Isolation and Characterization of Lactobacillus Species from Head Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitate) and its Potential Application as a Probiotic Agent

Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are one of the most important groups of microorganisms used in food fermentation, contribute to extended shelf life of the fermented products, and are routinely employed as starter cultures in the manufacture of dairy, meat, vegetable and bakery products. The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize Lactobacillus species from head cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. capitate ) and to evaluate their probiotic properties under conditions simulating human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. For this purpose, a total of 15 head cabbage samples were collected randomly from Haramaya district during the period from May to August, 2014. Based on cultural and biochemical characteristics, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus cellobiosus, and Lactobacillus brevis were isolated from the cabbage heads. The probiotic effect of each isolate was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic bacteria, resistance to bile acids, resistance to low pH, antibiotic resistance, and haemolytic activity. Results showed that all isolates had antagonistic effects against pathogenic bacteria ( P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli, and K. pneumonia ) with different degree of inhibition zone but L. brevis shown the highest inhibition zone followed by L. cellobiosus and L. plantarum . According to resistance to bile acid, L . plantarum, L. cellobiosus and L. brevis retained their viability with a negligible reduction. Regarding antibiotics resistance, L . plantarum, L. cellobiosus and L. brevis were resistant strains to Streptomycin, Gentamycin, and Tetracycline antibiotics. According to a haemolytic test, all isolates did not exhibit β–haemolytic activity. The growth of Lactobacillus species recorded under all the pH values were viable. In conclusion, the present study indicated that L. brevis and L. cellobiosus possess potential probiotic properties but further in-vivo tests are required to elucidate their particular effects on human health. Keywords: Antimicrobial susptibility; Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract; Pathogenic Bacteria; Probiotic.
Filling the gaps: first record of the Crown-of-thorns Starfish, Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) (Spinulosida: Acanthasteridae), at Gorgona Island, Colombia, Tropical Eastern Pacific

We report the occurrence of a major corallivore, the Crown-of-thorns Starfish Acanthaster planci , on the coral reefs of Gorgona Island, Tropical Eastern Pacific. Three individuals were sighted on opposite sides of the island, where they fed on small coral colonies of Pavona varians and Pocillopora damicornis . These sightings are noteworthy in light of reports that have demonstrated that the geographic distribution of A. planci is gradually increasing in the equatorial eastern Pacific, particularly south of the Gulf of Chiriqui (Panama) where it was previously absent.
Season as a discriminating factor for faecal metabolomic composition of great tits (Parus major)

The microbiome of wild birds has been associated with health status and risk of disease development, but underlying metabolomic mechanisms are still unknown. Metabolites produced by microbial organisms may affect host metabolic processes and by doing so influence host health. Here we provide for the first time data on the faecal metabolome of wild great tits ( Parus major ) by analyzing metabolites associations with age, sex, season and body condition. Using untargeted metabolomics, we analyzed faecal samples from 112 great tits that were caught in a deciduous forest fragment in Flanders (Belgium) during late autumn and 19 animals that were re-captured during early spring. In this study, no significant associations between the faecal metabolites and age, sex and body condition were observed. However, season was shown to be a discriminating factor for the metabolomic composition of great tits, suggesting an impact of environmental factors.
Push-pull tactics to disrupt the host-seeking behaviour of malaria mosquitoes

Malaria remains a major health burden, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The efficacy of the main vector control tools, insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), is compromised by the development of physiological and behavioural resistance in the target mosquito species and by changes in the species composition of vector populations. These developments underline the need to develop novel vector control approaches which are complementary to insecticide-based methods. In this thesis, the potential of push-pull tactics as a tool to reduce malaria transmission is explored. It is described how the push-pull concept, originally designed for agricultural pest control, may be translated in a system that targets Anopheles mosquitoes. Several novel repellents are identified in the laboratory and a prototype push-pull system is tested in a semi-field setup. The system is improved and evaluated in a malaria endemic field setting and the push-pull approach is compared and combined with the existing practise of eave screening. Based on the experimental results it is concluded that (1) it is possible to reduce house entry of malaria and other mosquitoes using (spatial) repellents and/or attractant-baited traps; (2) the effect of repellents on house entry is larger and more consistent than the effect of attractant-baited traps; (3) the main function of the attractant-baited traps is to deplete mosquito populations through removal trapping; (4) the attractive and repellent components of the push-pull system complement each other and there is no or very little interaction between them; (5) a push-pull system based on repellent and attractive volatiles can be expected to reduce malaria transmission through a strong decrease of the entomological inoculation rate; (6) eave screening is a highly efficient method to reduce house entry of malaria and other mosquitoes and increases outdoor trap catches, while there is little added value in impregnating screening material with a repellent. In the last chapter, the issue of selection for insensitivity to the used compounds is discussed, as well as methods how to manage it. Furthermore, it is described how the principles of behavioural disruption on which push-pull tactics are based make the technique potentially suitable to target a wider selection of arthropod vectors of disease than malaria mosquitoes alone. It is concluded that future vector control strategies will probably consist of the integration of many different approaches, of which push-pull tactics may be one. By integrating different approaches, it will be possible mitigate the development of resistance while targeting vectors in different life stages, uncompromised by changing behavioural patterns and changes in the composition of vector populations. This would require an integrated view on vector control, knowledge on the ecology of vectors and the political will to invest in programmes that focus on long term sustainable control.
Growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of griller-type broilers of four genetic lines

Griller-type chickens are broilers slaughtered between27and 29 days old weighing 1.3 to 1.5 kg and sold as a whole carcasses. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of female broilers of four genetic lines reared for the production of griller-type chickens. A total of 960 broiler chicks was allotted in a randomized block design with four treatments and eight replicates of 30 birds per experimental plot. Each experimental treatment consisted of four different commercial lines, identified as A, B, C and D. The analyzed parameters were weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, livability, production efficiency index, carcass and cut yields, and meat quality according to breast meat color (L*, a*, b*), water-holding capacity (WHC), cooking losses, and shear force. Weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and livability were different (p<0.05) among the lines; however, no differences were observed for the production efficiency index. Results show that lines presented similar performance; however, lines A, B, and C had a better carcass and breast yield, and line A, the best meat quality. Therefore, line A would be the most suitable for the production of griller-type chickens.
Environment and life cycles influence distribution patterns of hydromedusae in austral South America

ABSTRACT We analysed hydromedusa assemblages of South America (from 22°S to 56°S and from 040°W to 080°W), their association with water masses and the influence of the life cycle on medusa distributions. The geographic distribution of 130 species of hydromedusae was compiled from literature reports (62 publications between 1913 and 2012). Seven areas were defined: Atlantic Magellanic, Argentinean, Pacific intermediate zone, Pacific Magellanic, Peruvian–Chilean, South Brazilian and Oceanic. The variance of the species–environment relationship was explained by depth and temperature. Distribution patterns of Atlantic hydromedusae are associated with neritic water masses, supporting previously proposed biogeographical provinces. Assemblages on the Pacific side of South America are under the influence of the Humboldt Current system, with a break in species distribution around Chiloé Island. Only the oceanic assemblage contained the same species in both the Pacific and Atlantic zones. We found that meroplanktonic medusae contributed more to define the neritic assemblages, while the oceanic assemblage was better defined by holoplanktonic medusae. Therefore, our data suggest that meroplanktonic hydromedusae appeared to be more restricted in distribution than holoplanktonic ones.
油用牡丹‘凤丹’不同生育期矿质元素的动态变化

目的 研究油用牡丹‘凤丹’Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’不同生育期矿质元素动态变化规律，为油用牡丹的科学施肥提供依据。 方法 以8年生油用牡丹‘凤丹’为材料，测定根、茎、叶以及不同发育时期果荚和种子的矿质元素，分析矿质元素积累分配特性以及矿质元素分配的相关性。 结果 生育期内油用牡丹‘凤丹’根、茎、叶中的磷持续下降，根和叶中的氮持续降低，钾和镁在不同器官内变化趋势不同。 铁在不同器官内的质量分数均大于其他微量元素，除铜外，其他微量元素在根中呈先升高后降低的趋势。 果荚和种子中的氮逐渐升高，果荚中钾和种子中磷呈先下降后升高再下降的趋势。 矿质元素的变化表现出不同程度的相关性，其中氮、磷、钾、铁、锰与其他元素间相关性较高；同种矿质元素在‘凤丹’营养器官和生殖器官之间表现出不同程度的相关性。 结论 在生育期内，油用牡丹‘凤丹’从展叶期到现蕾期之前对氮、磷元素需求量大，应在植株展叶前追施氮肥和磷肥；结实期对氮、磷、钾需求量大，建议在开花后追施氮磷钾肥；在植株现蕾期前(3月上旬)追施铁肥，在5–7月种子发育期追施硼、锌肥，满足‘凤丹’植株对这3种微量元素的需求。 表7参36
Effects of high concentrate supplementation of Saint Croix sheep during peripartum on neonatal lamb behaviour

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine whether increasing concentrate supplementation to ewes during the peripartum would benefit ewe and lamb vigour. Pregnant ewes were randomly assigned to either a maintenance group (MG) or a supplementation group (SG). The diets given covered energy requirements and consisted of pasture, forages and commercial concentrate; however, SG ewes received higher concentrate ration. Body weight and blood metabolites were assessed weekly. Lambs were weighed and their behaviour was observed. Data were analysed using repeated-measures test or ANOVA. During peripartum, the body weight was significantly higher in SG ewes compared with MG ewes (P = .02). Indicators of energy metabolism were similar between groups (P > .05). Latency to first suck was 10 minutes shorter in SG lambs compared with MG lambs (P = .005). Lamb weight was similar between groups, and there was a negative correlation between lamb birthweight and time to first suckle that was independent of diet group. This study demonstrates that high concentrate supplementation of ewes during peripartum results in higher body weight postpartum but does not change metabolic status. Latency to first suck was shorter in lambs born to SG ewes suggestive of enhanced vigour related to supplementation.
Preparation and characterisation of glyceollin‐enriched soya bean protein using solid‐state fermentation

Summary Glyceollins, stress-induced phytoalexins from parent soya bean isoflavones, were elicited with Aspergillus oryzae. This solid-state fermentation facilitated the conversion of isoflavone glycosides into aglycones and glyceollins, which could mainly enrich in soya bean protein isolate (SPI) during protein preparation due to protein–polyphenol interactions. Glyceollin-enriched SPI exhibited less flavour volatiles, higher solubility, lower whiteness and higher antioxidant activity than unfermented SPI. Fermented SPI was more easily to be digested during in vitro pepsin–trypsin digestion. This may be attributed to partial degradation of protein, especially α′ and α subunits of β-conglycinin and acidic subunit of glycinin. The antioxidant activity of digestive products derived from fermented SPI was obviously enhanced with increasing digestion time due to simultaneous release of antioxidant peptides and glyceollins involved in the interior of protein molecule. These results suggest an effective technique for producing a nutrient-enhanced SPI as novel functional ingredients applied in food industry.
Global status of remote sensing of phytoplankton

The color of the ocean as measured by the space-borne sensors contains the quantitative information on phytoplankton pigments, especially chlorophyll. In this paper we have reviewed principle of ocean color remote sensing. The concept of spectral, spatial, temporal and radiometric resolutions are first described followed by a discussion on present status of ocean color sensors. A brief account on various applications of remotely sensed ocean color information is presented with the examples from several sensors and region. In the open ocean, the techniques for measuring chlorophyll is almost established, where as in coastal waters the retrieval of ocean color information becomes complicated because of the interference of suspended sediments. Ocean color images are found useful to trace the mesoscale dynamics. Remotely sensed phytoplankton are also found useful to understand Carbon at basin as well as global scale. The paper concludes with comment on future of ocean color remote sensing and recommendations for promotion of ocean color science in Southeast Asia.