Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of DNA Repair and the Epigenetic Markers Left after Repair in Neurologic Functions, Including Memory and Learning

In eukaryotic cell nuclei, DNA is wrapped around and firmly associated with histone proteins, forming chromatin. When DNA is damaged, the chromatin structure needs to be loosened to allow repair enzymes to gain access to the damage. This requires modifying the histone proteins. These modifications, called epigenetic alterations, do not alter the base-pair sequence. Repair-associated epigenetic alterations are usually transient, removed when no longer needed for repair. However, some remain after repair. In the human brain, long-lasting novel epigenetic alterations appear to account for the persistence of addictions to such substances as alcohol, nicotine and cocaine. Certain neurodegenerative diseases are caused by inherited mutations in genes necessary for DNA repair. Deficient DNA repair in these diseases is associated with extensive epigenetic alterations that likely have a role in the disease phenotype. Persistent epigenetic alterations due to DNA repair processes, both histone modifications and methylations of DNA, can also have positive consequences. Stimulation of brain activity (e.g. learning and memory formation) is often accompanied by the generation of DNA damage in neuronal DNA, followed by repair associated with persistent epigenetic alterations. In particular, recent research has shown the need for non-homologous end joining and base excision repair in memory formation. prodynorphin pronociceptin gene expression in the rat amygdala complex.
Investigating the impact of antecedents of internal audit function effectiveness at a private university in Ghana

Main findings: The results reveal that, independence of the internal auditing staff (mean = 6.05, standard deviation [SD] = 1.032); their competence (mean = 6.00, SD = 1.132); and support and commitment of management (mean = 4.80, SD = 1.679) have impact on the effectiveness of internal auditing (mean = 6.44, SD = 0.863). Further more, the antecedents (r = 0.834*, r2 = 0.686, p < 0.01, adj. r2 = 0.677) have a positive correlation with internal audit effectiveness, and collectively account for 68.6% of the effectiveness of internal audit function.
Classifying Violent Elements in Role-Playing Games Based on User Review using Naïve Bayes Technique

Role-Playing Game (RPG) is a game genre that provides a fantasy setting in which each player can choose a character according to the role that they like to play and can interact within the game’s imaginary world. There exists time that the interactions inculcate implicit violence. This paper presents a classification of violent elements in RPGs via web-based visualization approach. The approach helps to users such as parents or gamers to identify whether the RPGs are appropriate to be played or contain any violent elements. The web-based system employs Naïve Bayes classifier to classify the violent elements in RPGs. The system uses exploratory testing to ensure the effectiveness, correctness, and reliability of the system. The results show that Naïve Bayes classifier is useful and efficient for the classification purposes. Despite the success of this project, there are some limitations in relation to dictionary of violent elements and the datasets. In the future, this research can be improved by adding more glossary of violent elements. Furthermore, dataset labels should be labelled correctly as violence instead of no violence to ensure to increase the correctness of percentage of violent elements found in the RPGs.
Etude de la réduction électrochimique d'oxydes d'actinides en milieu sels fondus

La production de metal a partir de son oxyde est basee sur une reduction en plusieurs etapes. Un procede a une seule etape a ete recemment propose pour la formation de Ti metal par electrolyse en chlorures fondus. Dans le procede FFC (Fray, Farthing and Chen), le titane metallique est produit a la cathode pendant que les ions oxyde sont oxydes a une anode en graphite en dioxyde de carbone. Dans le domaine du nucleaire, ce procede est interessant car le sel peut etre re-utilise sans retraitement particulier. Ce travail presente les etudes electrochimiques realisees dans CaCl2-KCl et CaCl2 permettant de clarifier le mecanisme de reduction de CeO2, utilise comme simulant des actinides. Des electrolyses sur de faibles quantites de CeO2 sont realisees afin d'obtenir les conditions operatoires optimales. La reduction de plusieurs centaines de grammes de CeO2 est aussi discutee.
The Discourse Analysis of Discourse Information Function Features in Interest Contention of Business Dispute Settlement Courtroom Discourse: A Discourse Information Perspective

Interest contention constitutes the major concern of both conflicting litigants in the courtroom discourses concerning business dispute settlement. This paper, by analyzing the features of discourse information units, studies how the discourse information functions work in the interest contention of courtroom trials concerning business dispute settlement. The present study shows that discourse information functions in interest contention of business dispute settlement can be classified into four types. Based on the previous studies concerning discourse information functions (Du, 2009), the present study finds out another new type of discourse information function, namely, the compound category. Moreover, it can be found that the realization of different discourse information functions rely on the use of different information units in the interest contention of the disputing litigants.
Comparing mathematics knowledge of first-year students from three different school curricula

Mathematics forms an integral part in the training of scientists and engineers. In recent history the South African school system has experienced several changes in school curricula. In 1994 the traditional knowledge-based curricula were replaced by an outcomes-based curriculum. Owing to implementation problems which resulted in resistance from teachers and the general public, revisions followed of which the National Curriculum Statement (NCS) and Curriculum Assessment Policy Statements had the most direct effect in terms of preparation for tertiary mathematics. We report here on an investigation of the basic mathematical knowledge of three student cohorts representing three curricula, namely the last cohort that received the traditional knowledge-based curriculum, and the first cohorts that received the two outcomes-based curricula. The results indicate that changes in the mathematical content of the curricula did not impact negatively on the basic mathematical knowledge of students enrolled for tertiary mainstream mathematics. The only exception is Euclidean geometry, for which certain topics were transferred to an optional paper in the NCS curriculum. Significance: • The introduction of outcomes-based curricula in South Africa initiated a discourse on the preparedness of first-year students for programmes with mainstream mathematics. • The availability of a homogeneous set of samples and a uniform test provided a unique opportunity to compare the basic mathematical knowledge of first-year natural science and engineering students entering university from three different exit-level school curricula.
Research on Language Characteristics of Business Letter Writing

Business English letter writing is an important language skill especially for students majoring in English and business English. A large number of scholars both at home and abroad have already started researching on business letter writing, and the fields involved are quite extensive. However, the analysis of the language features of business English letter writing still has yet to fully tapped, which has a great value and space to explore. Especially in China which is increasingly open to the outside world with a booming economy, such a study will significantly promote the multilateral economic intercourse. This study would systematically summarize the relevant language features of business letter writing, supplemented by a number of examples of demonstration, to deepen the reader’s understanding of business letter writing. In addition, the results of this study will provide some inspirations and suggestions for the instruction of business letter writing.
Parental Awareness About School Backpack, Weight Carried by Their Children and related Musculoskeletal Problems

Introduction: Backpacks are a convenient means to carry essential educational materials for school children. Backpack design, carrying technique and its load is related to several health consequences i.e., altered gait, bad posture and musculoskeletal pain. Parental awareness and their supervision can help their children to carry appropriate school backpack with rationale weight. Therefore, this study aims to assess parental awareness about school backpacks; identify backpack weight carried by their children and identify children’s musculoskeletal complaints with their parents. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The study consisted of purposively selected 94 parents whose children were studying in grade VI to VIII at local school. Face to face interview of around 30 minutes duration was taken by using semi structured interview schedule. Backpack weight was identified by weighing children with and without bag in their school and subtracted to identify the actual backpack weight. Data was analysed by using SPSS version 20 and described by using descriptive statistics. Results: In this study, more than 90% parents were aware of the recommended weight of school backpack i.e., <15% of body weight. About 96% parents answered that backpack should be light; similar percentage told that it should have well-padded shoulder straps and 87% answered that it should be appropriate to child’s age and weight. Around 70% to 90% parents were aware of appropriate handling of school backpacks. While identifying parental awareness about musculoskeletal effects of backpacks, they told as shoulder pain (79%), fatigue (76%) and neck pain (56%). In this study, 72% children were carrying backpacks greater than the recommended weights. Their parents told that children often had complaints of shoulder pain (78%) and neck pain (69%) Conclusions: Most parents were aware of the standards and handling of school backpack but in reality, more than two third of their children were carrying heavy school backpacks.
Incompatible element-enriched mantle lithosphere beneath kimberlitic pipes in Priazovie, Ukrainian shield: volatile-enriched focused melt flow and connection to mature crust?

ABSTRACT Major, minor and trace element compositions of mantle xenocrysts from Devonian kimberlite pipes in the Priazovie give an insight into the mantle structure beneath the SE Ukranian Shield and its evolution. Garnets yield low temperature conditions as determined by monomineral thermobarometry. The mantle lithosphere is sharply divided at 4.2 GPa, marked by a high temperature Cpx-Ilm-Phl trend, eclogites and changes in pyrope geochemistry. Seven layers are detected: Ist layer at 2.5–1 GPa is enriched mantle (Fe#Ol ~ 0.11 − 0.14) with Gar- pyroxenites and Sp peridotites; IInd at 2.5–3.2 GPa – Gar-Sp (Fe#Ol 0.08 − 0.10) peridotite. IIId at 4.3–3.2 GPa is formed of Archaean- Proterozoic peridotites with Fe#Ol ~0.07 − 0.095. IVth at 3.2–5 GPa- contains pyroxenitic Gar with higher Ca, eclogites, Chr and Cpx (Fe#Ol ~0.10 − 0.125); Vth at 5.8 − 5 GPa is marked by sub-Ca garnets, Cr-rich chromites and Mg-Cr ilmenites; VIth layer at 5.8–6.8 GPa contains Fe-enriched pyropes, almandines and Cr-Mg ilmenites near the lithosphere base; VIIth layer > 6.8 GPa consists of ‘hot’ Fe-rich garnets. Garnets show increasing enrichment in LREE, LILE, Hf, Zr with decreasing pressure. Primitive garnets have round REE patterns; depleted ones have S-type patterns inflected at Nd. Garnets from 6.5 to 3 GPa show increasing La/Ybn, Zr-Hf, LILE. Peridotitic clinopyroxenes have inclined linear trace element patterns rounded from La to Pr with high LILE and HFSE levels. The Fe-rich group (reacted with eclogites) shows bell-shaped irregular patterns with LILE close to the LREE levels. A possible reason for LILE (HFSE and) enrichment of the upper part of the mantle is subduction metasomatsm in Archaean times (with participation of mature continental sediments) activated by plumes at 1.8 Ga and earlier which produced pervasive focused melt flow with remelting of mica-amphibole metasomatites giving continuous REE and LILE enrichment in mantle lithologies from 5.8 to 2.5 GPa. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Cryo-EM structure of mouse TRPV3 in complex with 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB)

Transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 3 (TRPV3) channel plays a crucial role in skin physiology and pathophysiology. Mutations in TRPV3 are associated with various skin diseases, including Olmsted syndrome, atopic dermatitis, and rosacea. Here we present the cryo-electron microscopy structures of full-length mouse TRPV3 in the closed apo and agonist-bound open states. The agonist binds three allosteric sites distal to the pore. Channel opening is accompanied by conformational changes in both the outer pore and the intracellular gate. The gate is formed by the pore-lining S6 helices that undergo local α-to-π helical transitions, elongate, rotate, and splay apart in the open state. In the closed state, the shorter S6 segments are entirely α-helical, expose their nonpolar surfaces to the pore, and hydrophobically seal the ion permeation pathway. These findings further illuminate TRP channel activation and can aid in the design of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions, itch, and pain.
The Role of Standards-Related Capacity Building on the Sustainable Development of Developing Countries: Focusing on the Korea’s Standards-Related AfT Case in Bolivia

Many countries provide standards-related aid for trade (AfT) to developing countries in association with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as sharing their experiences and providing training or infrastructure. Regarding the influence of standards-related AfT on the sustainable development of developing countries, we studied Korea’s standards-related AfT program to examine the role and features of standards-related AfT in terms of standards-related capacity building. In this study, we conducted a single case study with a focus on Korea’s standards-related AfT in Bolivia using qualitative descriptive analysis. The result indicated that Korea’s standards-related AfT is associated with three pillars of sustainable development in terms of standards-related capacity, namely standardization, conformity assessment, and metrology, and can be summarized with two key tasks: building testing infrastructure and improving Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) capacity. However, several limitations were found in Korea’s standards-related capacity building activities, such as limited scope, limited target of the program, and the lack of activities for building institutional foundations for standards-related capacity.
A Quantitative Analysis of the Optimal Energy Policy from the Perspective of China’s Supply-Side Reform

How does the capacity removal policy affect China’s economy? To quantify the policy outcomes and costs, a four-sector model with vertical market structures is built. The calibrated model shows that, to achieve the policy goal, 10% of equipment operation in the high energy-consuming sectors must be shut down. This policy leads to an improved energy structure in which total energy consumption drops by 4.75% at the cost of a contraction in economic growth, where the total output declines by 12.31%. The numerical experiments find that the optimal policy is to limit the production scale in both the iron/steel industry and the fossil energy industry, closing 9% and 7% of the production, respectively, since doing so minimizes output loss and improves the energy structure. This paper quantifies the impact of the current capacity removal policy and provides policy alternatives to reach the same policy target with a lower output loss.
A case of polyangiitis overlap syndrome of giant cell arteritis and granulomatosis with polyangiitis successfully treated with rituximab

Abstract We report a case of polyangiitis overlap syndrome of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and conduct a literature review of polyangiitis overlap syndrome. The patient was 73-year-old male who developed cranial-type GCA and GPA simultaneously and was successfully treated with rituximab. Rituximab might be effective for not only GPA but also GCA.
RESEARCH ON THE EXPRESSION OF SUCROSE SYNTHASE GENE IN SWEET SORGHUM

Sucrose synthase is present in all plant tissues. It has an important role in the metabolism of many organizations, especially affecting sucrose metabolism, The higher the gene expression, the higher the sucrose content is. In order to explore the factors affecting the degree of sucrose synthase activity, we selected 10 different varieties of sweet sorghum leaves in different periods and used quantitative PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) to determine the cDNA concentration with comparison to a standard curve. In this experiment, the relative expression of the SS gene of HT was compared in different periods. The results showed that there was a difference in the relative expression of the SS gene between different varieties of sweet sorghum.
Neural‐network‐embedded distributed average tracking of agents with matching unknown nonlinearities

This paper studies a distributed average tracking problem for a class of networked agents subject to heterogeneous unknown nonlinearities. The object is to design distributed protocols so as to drive these dynamic agents cooperatively tracking the average of multiple unknown signals. First, an initialize‐free robust algorithm is designed for each agent incorporating a local filter, a neural network (NN) compensator, and state‐dependent coupling gains with its neighbors. Here the filter is crucial for seeking the average of multiple references signals and is necessary due to the existence of uncertainties in the agents' dynamics. Then, by using adaption schemes, the algorithm is extended to a dynamic version releasing the requirement of certain global information such as the eigenvalues of the network Laplacian and the NN approximation errors. Both algorithms are rigorously proved to guarantee asymptotical average tracking with the help of well‐designed Lyapunov candidates. Finally, two illustrative examples are provided to validate the theoretical results.
Etude par dynamique moléculaire des aspects énergétiques et conformationnels des déformations de la double hélice d'ADN en fonction de sa séquence de bases

The conformational pathways and the free energy variations for base opening into the major and minor grooves of a B-DNA duplex are studied using umbrella sampling molecular dynamics simulations. We compare both AT and GC base pair opening within a doublestranded d(GAGAGAGAGAGAG)2 oligomer and we are also able to study the impact of opening on the conformational and dynamic properties of DNA and on the surrounding solvent. The results indicate a two stage opening process with an initial coupling of the movements of the bases within the perturbed base pair. Major and minor groove pathways are energetically comparable in the case of the pyrimidine bases, but the major groove pathway is favored for the larger purine bases. Base opening is coupled to changes in specific backbone dihedrals and certain helical distortions, including untwisting and bending, although all these effects are dependent on the particular base opening involved. Partial opening also leads to well-defined water bridging sites which may play a role in stabilizing the perturbed base pairs.
Impacts of resistance exercises intervention on thyroid hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone serum concentration level in school children with intellectual disabilities

The effect of resistance exercise on muscular strength with the influence of growth hormone is well known. However, there is little information about its underlying effect on thyroid hormones (T3 & T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormones. Specifically, no research has been done on the effect of a resistance exercise intervention on thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone serum concentration level among school children with intellectual disability in Ethiopian. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sixteen-week of a resistance exercise intervention on serum concentration level of thyroid hormones (T3 & T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in school children with intellectual disabilities. In this study, eighteen school children with intellectual disabilities participated. The participants’ serum concentration level of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4) and TSH were measured before and after a sixteen-week resistance exercise intervention and determined using quantitative determination of T3, T4, and TSH respectively. Paired t-test was used to analyze the pre-test and post-test data of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and TSH of the study. Aftersixteen weekof resistance exercise intervention, a significant mean score change was observed in the serum concentration level of thyroid hormones (p < 0.05) in T3 (p= 0.038), T4 (p = 0. 017) and TSH (p = 0.018). Our finding revealed that resistance exercise affects the serum concentration level of thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormones in school children with intellectual disabilities.
Emerging Trends in Research on Food Compounds and Women’s Fertility: A Systematic Review

Pro-healthy behaviours, including the diet, are significant factors in maintaining women’s fertility health. However, to improve the patient’s nutrition management, it is important to seek food-derived bioactive compounds to support fertility treatment. This review analysed recent studies of food compounds related to fertility, using databases including PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct as well as PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews) to ensure complete and transparent reporting of systematic reviews. This review lists foods associated with a higher birth rate, using original papers from the last five years (2015). The analysis included the impact of food compounds such as caffeine, fatty acids, folates and vitamin D, as well as the intake of fish, whole grains, dairy and soya. In addition, dietary patterns and total diet composition supporting women’s fertility were also analysed. The results will encourage further research on the relationship between food components and fertility.
Remuneration and reward systems during an economic crisis: case study from Attica region, Greece

This study investigated the structure of employees’ remuneration and rewards systems, focusing on medium- and large-sized firms in the region of Attica in Greece during the economic crisis. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on relevant literature. A sample of 150 companies filled out a total of 500 questionnaires. The results revealed that medium- and large-sized companies applied various remuneration systems, including the base wage, performance-related bonuses, and a combination of additional non-wage benefits. Greek firms did not avoid wage cut in times of low turnover, although hypotheses testing revealed no relationship between firm size and the use of flexible remuneration systems. However, a positive relationship between the unions’ engagement and the use of non-wage cutting strategies was confirmed. Furthermore, a positive correlation between wage rigidity, labor market legislation, and collective agreements for setting minimum wage levels was found. Finally, a hypothesis test regarding the association between the firm, the business sector, and wages cut over the last seven years was accepted. The study concludes that wages cut should be the final choice by firms since remuneration is a source to satisfy, engage, and attract employees.