Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Family-School Bonding and Student Success.

A study of 310 ninth grade students and their parents in five communities was conducted to look at the relationships between parent-school bonding, student-school bonding, academic achievement, and other variables. Questionnaires were developed for both parents and students asking questions about attachment, commitment, beliefs about school, participation in school events, and communication from the school. Focus groups and telephone interviews provided additional information about family-school relationships. Results indi. :tated: (1) the greater the parents' bonding to school, the greater the student's bonding; (2) student bonding was closely related to academic achievement; and (3) there is no direct relationship between parent-school bonding and students' report of their academic achievement. Overall, the study supported the hypothesis that the greater the parents' bonds of social attachment to their child's school, the greater the student's bonds of attachment. Several limitations were noted. One limitation is the problem of how to measure student success. Another limitation was that different schools were compared (inner city and semi-rural schools, for instance). A third limitation is how parent's socioeconomic status affects their relationship to the school. (KM) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Family-School Bonding Family-School Bonding and Student Success Carolyn B. Pryor Wayne State University School of Social Work Detroit, MI 48202 Phone: (313) 878-9312 Fax: (313) 577-8770 1 "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY C. ro TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC). " U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 0 This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization Originating it 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Quality Points of view or opinions stated in this docu. ment do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy PRESENTED AT THE AMERICAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ASSOCIATION ANNUAL CONFERENCE, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANNA; APRIL 7, 1994. Acknowledgements This study was made possible through a school personnel training grant from the U. S. Department of Education, Drug Free Schools and Communities Act funds, and research support from Wayne State University. The help of students in the M.S.W. program at Wayne State University School of Social Work--Elizabeth Benz, Eileen Bredow-Walsh, Pam Busenhart, Michael Mersy, Fran Silver, and Panthia Thompson--is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks also goes to Nancy Chavkin, Southwest Texas State University, for her input and encouragement and to Janet Chrispeels, University of California at Santa Barbara, for her thoughtful discussion at the AERA Annual Meeting. Running head: FAMILY-SCHOOL BONDING
A two-phase debris-flow model that includes coupled evolution of volume fractions, granular dilatancy, and pore-fluid pressure

Pore-fluid pressure plays a crucial role in debris flows because it counteracts normal stresses at grain contacts and thereby reduces intergranular friction. Pore-pressure feedback accompanying debris deforma- tion is particularly important during the onset of debris- flow motion, when it can dramatically influence the balance of forces governing downslope acceleration. We consider further effects of this feedback by formu- lating a new, depth-averaged mathematical model that simulates coupled evolution of granular dilatancy, solid and fluid volume fractions, pore-fluid pressure, and flow depth and velocity during all stages of debris-flow motion. To illustrate implications of the model, we use a finite-volume method to compute one-dimensional motion of a debris flow descending a rigid, uniformly inclined slope, and we compare model predictions with data obtained in large-scale experiments at the USGS debris-flow flume. Predictions for the first 1 s of motion show that increasing pore pressures (due to debris con- traction) cause liquefaction that enhances flow accelera - tion. As acceleration continues, however, debris dilation causes dissipation of pore pressures, and this dissipa- tion helps stabilize debris-flow motion. Our numerical predictions of this process match experimental data reasonably well, but predictions might be improved by accounting for the effects of grain-size segregation.
Darwin, historical biogeography, and the importance of overcoming binary opposites

It is well known that Darwin and Wallace came to discover the phenomenon of evolution through a historical approach to the geographical distribution of organisms. Before Darwin, evolution was a mere speculation that could be invoked to explain some facts. Darwin’s biogeographical argument for evolution is based largely on three main explanatory hypotheses. The first is that the geographical distribution of organisms is historically informative. The second hypothesis is that long‐distance dispersal over barriers is one main force (extinction is the other) that modifies the distribution of organisms. The third of Darwin’s biogeographical hypotheses is that the factors that shape the distribution of organisms are mainly historical (large, often global and long temporal scales) rather than ecological (small spatial and short temporal scales). From the time of Darwin until now, a wide spectrum of biogeographical schools have provided new insights that challenge the central role of space, dispersal and history as the main explanatory hypotheses for the distribution of organisms, generating three binary opposites: (1) the spatial dimension of evolution: geographical distribution of organisms as historically informative vs. historically uninformative; (2) the processes that modify the geographical distribution of organisms: dispersal vs. vicariance; and (3) the explanation of geographical distribution: history vs. ecology. We analyse these three binary opposites to show that the components of each are complementary rather than antagonistic approaches to the study of biogeography.
Compact nanostructure integrated pool boiler for microscale cooling applications

An efficient cooling system without any external energy consumption that consists of a plate, on which an array of copper nanorods with an average diameter ~100 nm and length ~500 nm is integrated to a planar copper thin film coated silicon wafer surface, a heater, an aluminium base and a pool was developed. Heat is efficiently transferred from the nanostructure coated base plate to the liquid in the pool through boiling heat transfer mechanism. Phase change took place near the nanostructured plate, where the bubbles started to emerge because of the existing wall superheat. Bubble formation and bubble motion inside the pool resulted in effective heat transfer from the plate surface to the pool. Surface temperatures were measured and heat transfer coefficients were calculated for two working fluids; namely, water and ethanol. In this study, it was shown that using nanostructured surfaces can have the potential to be an effective method of device cooling for small and excessive heat generating microsystem applications, such as microelectromechanical systems, or microprocessors.
Identification of volatile compounds in cured Mexican vanilla (Vanilla planifolia G. Jackson) beans using headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Introduction. Headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS–SPME–GC/MS) was applied to identify volatile compounds in cured vanilla (Vanilla planifolia G. Jackson) beans originating from the state of Veracruz, Mexico. Materials and methods. A 6 kg batch from the 2012 production year was used in the study. Carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (85 μm) fibre was selected because it had shown a high capacity to extract detected volatiles. Results and discussion. A total of 81 volatile compounds were detected, of which 77 were identified by comparing their mass spectra and retention times, as well as their Kovats retention indices, with those of injected standards and/or by searching the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s Mass Spectral Library database. Of those compounds, 21 shikimate derivatives, 14 terpenes/cadinenes, 12 furan derivatives, 6 esters, 7 acids, 4 ketones, 5 aldehydes, 4 hydrocarbons, 3 alcohols and 1 pyrrole were identified. Conclusion. A total of 31 volatiles have already been reported as aroma-active compounds in cured beans of Vanilla planifolia and Vanillatahitensis . However, to our knowledge, 11 aromatic compounds found in this study have not previously been detected in vanilla beans.
Award Number: DAMD17-02-1-0438 TITLE: Breast Cancer in Context: New Tools and Paradigms for the Millennium PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR:

Current therapeutic approaches to cancer are designed to target molecules that contribute to malignant behavior but leave normal tissues intact. B1 integrin is a candidate target well known for mediating cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions that influence diverse cellular functions; its aberrant expression has been implicated in breast cancer progression and resistance to cytotoxic therapy. The addition of B1 integrin inhibitory agents to breast cancer cells at a single-cell stage in a laminin-rich ECM (three-dimensional lrECM) culture was shown to down-modulate B1 integrin signaling, resulting in malignant reversion. To investigate B1 integrin as a therapeutic target, we modified the threedimensional lrECM protocol to approximate the clinical situation: before treatment, we allowed nonmalignant cells to form organized acinar structures and malignant cells to form tumor-like colonies. We then tested the ability of B1 integrin inhibitory antibody, AIIB2, to inhibit tumor cell growth in several breast cancer cell lines (T4-2, MDA-MB-231, BT474, SKBR3, and MCF-7) and one nonmalignant cell line (S-1). We show that B1 integrin inhibition resulted in a significant loss of cancer cells, associated with a decrease in proliferation and increase in apoptosis, and a global change in the composition of residual colonies. In contrast, nonmalignant cells that formed tissue-like structures remained resistant. Moreover, these cancer cell–specific antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects were confirmed in vivo with no discernible toxicity to animals. Our findings indicate that B1 integrin is a promising therapeutic target, and that the threedimensional lrECM culture assay can be used to effectively distinguish malignant and normal tissue response to therapy. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1526-35)
The Herglotz wave function, the Vekua transform and the enclosure method

This paper gives applications of the enclosure method introduced by the author to typical inverse obstacle and crack scattering problems in two dimensions. Explicit extraction formulae of the convex hull of unknown polygonal sound-hard obstacles and piecewise linear cracks from the far field pattern of the scattered field at a fixed wave number and at most two incident directions are given. The main new points of this paper are: a combination of the enclosure method and the Herglotz wave function; explicit construction of the density in the Herglotz wave function by using the idea of the Vekua transform. By virtue of the construction, one can avoid any re- striction on the wave number in the extraction formulae. An attempt for the case when the far field pattern is given on limited angles is also given.
ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF Grm-OPTIMAL DESIGNS

We consider the problem of finding an efficient design for estimating the model parameters and the mean response surface simultaneously when the true degree of the polynomial model is unknown. A precision constraint is imposed on one of these estimates and the optimal design is found using the theory of canonical moments. Robustness properties of the optimal designs to model assumptions and their performances relative to similar designs are studied.
MIRAGE-e: A General Equilibrium Long-term Path of the World Economy

Thinking of how the relative sizes of countries and how the geography of world production and trade will be affected in the long run must be based on sound economic reasoning about the determinants of long term growth. It must also be embedded in a general equilibrium framework that takes account of the interactions among markets and sectors, as well as between countries. This paper takes stock of a three phase research project. The first step consists of deriving and estimating a three-factor (labour, capital, energy) macroeconomic growth model for a large set of individual countries, which fits two forms of technological progress (standard TFP and energy efficiency). The second step consists of recovering the sectoral detail with an energy-oriented Computable General Equilibrium model of the world economy calibrated to fit these projections. In a third step we confront the assumptions for our baseline to alternative scenarios.
Towards business ecosystems for connected health

Digitalisation is seen as a vehicle for restructuring practices of social and health care in Finland. A conceptual model of connected health has evolved over time focusing on bringing together individuals and health professionals by means of ‘eHealth’, ‘telecare’, ‘telemedicine’ or ‘telehealth’ services and data connected via the Internet of Things. Digital transformation has triggered the emergence of innovative connected health services, as well as novel business models in the health and healthcare sector. Additionally, current literature emphasises growing importance of ecosystems in advancing the connected health business. The main reason for this, the increased understanding of business ecosystems would allow companies to create coherent services that would be easier for patients and health professionals (e.g. doctors and nurses) to use. This paper aims to develop and present a conceptual model for business ecosystem for connected health by mapping service needs for healthcare in the future. For this research, we conducted 16 meetings/workshops related to business models and business ecosystems. We also involved different end-user groups in our research (seven doctor interviews, four workshops with nurses and digital discussions and workshops with 12 parents with sick children). This qualitative case study illustrates the construct of the Nordic Central Hospital test lab- an innovation ecosystem for connected health service providers. Alongside the broad service map, we demonstrate the logic of value flow between different layers of services in the ecosystem. From an originality perspective, this multidisciplinary paper focuses on the pediatric day surgery to check the scope of connected health, which has not been done before.
CORRELATION BETWEEN LEARNING AND STUDYING STRATEGIES, PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITIES AND LOCUS OF CONTROL LEVELS OF CANDIDATES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

In this research, the correlation among learning and studying strategies, problem solving skills and locus of control levels of candidates of primary school teachers' was investigated. In this study, survey method which is one of the quantitative research methods was used. The study population formed by 6983 students who studied at the last grade of Department of Primary Education in Turkey seven faculties of education from seven different geographic regions were cluster sampling method selected as a sample. The sample was formed by totally (n=632) students from different universities, 430 of whom (68 percent) were female, 202 of whom (32 percent) were male. Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI), Probem Solving Inventory (PSI), LOCS were used for data collection. The statistical techniques correlations and multiple regression test were used to analyze the data. According to the results, there is a negative and good relation between studying strategies and problem solving ability, there is a negative and middle level, significant relation between the impetuous approach to problem-solving skills subscales, thinking approach, avoiding approach, evaluating approach, self- confident approach, planned approach scores and learning and studying strategies. Also, it was seen that there is a negative and middle level, significant relation between studying and learning strategies and anxiety, information processing, selecting main ideas, study aids, subscales of test strategies, problem solving abilities. Between locus of control and problem solving skills there is a positive, low- level significant relation. Between studying and learning strategies and locus of control there is a negative, very low correlation. Key words: Learning and study strategies, problem solving, locus of control.
Evaluation of the prevalence, progression and severity of common adverse reactions (lipodystrophy, CNS, peripheral neuropathy, and hypersensitivity reactions) associated with anti-retroviral therapy (ART)and anti-tuberculosis treatment in outpatients in Zimbabwe.

Introduction: The use of many anti-retroviral drugs has been associated with a myriad of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) which could limit successful treatment outcome with respect to patient compliance and quality of life. An additional consideration is the high incidence of HIV infection with tuberculosis (TB) in Southern Africa, including Zimbabwe, and the use of co-treatment regimens. Methods: The study is a cross sectional, case-control study of 433 out-patients conducted at two hospitals in Zimbabwe. The patients were profiled for adverse reactions namely central nervous system side-effects (CNS), lipodystrophy (LD), skin hypersensitivity (SH), and peripheral neuropathy (PN). Assignment of the case and the control status of a patient was done based on occurrence of these adverse drug reactions in each of the HIV/AIDS only, TB only and HIV/TB co-infection patient groups. Results: Among the HIV/AIDS only treatment group (n= 240), the incidences of major ADRs were PN (63%), LD (38%), CNS (29%) and SH (21%). In the TB only treatment group (n=92), the major ADRs were PN (49%), CNS (29%), and SH (14%). In the HIV-TB co-treatment group (n=98), the major ADRs were PN (64%), CNS (39%), LD (6%) and SH (18%). A significant number of females were on alternate first line treatment that has no stavudine as compared to males (OR=1.98, CI (1.1, 3.59); p=0.03). Occurrence of CNS adverse drug reactions were more associated with patients on efavirenz than other HIV-drug combinations (43% vs. 17%, p<0.00001). Conclusion: The use of anti-retroviral drugs and anti-TB drugs is associated with very high incidences of adverse drug reactions. There is therefore need to understand the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of these ADRs so as to identify patients at risk and to provide guidelines for the choice of drug and dosage to ensure safe and efficacious treatment outcomes
Driving Factors and Rate of the Innovation Adoption of Sibata Carrots

Imported carrots which came to Indonesia have replaced local carrots in the market. Demand of imported carrot quality were fulfilled by Katata farmer group through institutional innovation such as seed application, plant space arrangement, and harvest pattern management. According to the farmers behavior who were difficult to adopt the innovation, it is necessary to identify the driving factors of innovation rate in carrot cultivation. The objective of this paper firstly identify how fast the innovation adoption rate of farmer; secondly, identify the driving factors of Sibata carrot cultivation rate. This paper is quantitative research design using Rank Spearman correlation. The result showed that there are 11 of 20 driving push the Sibata carrot cultivation rate, which are: economic benefit, quality benefit, innovation trialability, innovation observability, income, information source, input services quality, supervision, farmer-supervisor communication, price guarantee and market guarantee. Social, economic, and technological aspect are simultaneously have a signicant relationship in determine the adoption rate.
BENEFITS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE TRAINING WITH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR HEALTHY AGING

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview on the importance of aerobic exercise and its characteristics for healthy aging. The first section briefly reviews the effects of aging on maximal aerobic power; Section 2 considers the effects of aerobic exercise training, and Section 3 summarizes the recommendations and some limitations of the current guidelines for aerobic exercise training. Physical activity cannot stop the biological aging processes; however, there is evidence that regular aerobic exercise can minimize the physiological effects of an otherwise sedentary lifestyle and increase active life expectancy by limiting the development and progression of chronic disease and disability conditions. The use of moderately standardized guidelines for exercise prescription resulted in safe and effective impact on health-related outcomes.
Improved Adaptive Transform for Residue in H.264/AVC Lossless Video Coding

The H.264/AVC was designed mainly for lossy video coding, the lossless coding of H.264 use bypass mode for DCT and quantization. Although sample-by-sample DPCM improves performance of coding, the benět is limited in intra. In this paper, a new adaptive transform is proposed based on the character of 4×4 block residual coefčient’s distribution, which can be used both in intra and inter coding. The greatest strength of the proposed transform is the decorrelation without in ation versus dynamic range of input matrix. Due to the random distribution of residual coefčcients, a specič transform is hard to play a positive impact on them. Therefore, several transforms of different directions will be implemented simultaneously, and the most efčient one will be determined by a proposed mechanism. Then, by means of statistic method, a new scan order is designed for CAVLC entropy encoder, cooperating with corresponding transform. The simulation results show that based on the fast algorithm of proposed method, the bit saving achieves about 7.41% bit saving in intra coding and 10.47% in inter, compared with H.264-LS.
Early Predictors of Downward Assimilation in Contemporary Immigration

In this paper, I focus on the assimilative paths of second generation immigrants using data from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study. Primarily my goal is to determine early factors that put these youth at risk of downward assimilation. I use incarceration (in early adulthood) as a conservative measure for downward assimilation. While I recognize that this, in actuality, underestimates the extent of downward assimilation, I feel that it is the most efficient theoretical measure because of its extreme negative, long-term occupational, economic, and social effects. I use logistic regression to analyze a number of independent variables in my attempt to determine some of the early, significant predictors that place adolescents at risk for a downward path into the lower realms of American society. Ultimately, I examine race, length of time living in the U.S., educational-related variables (highest expected education in high school and educational goals of peers in high school), family dynamics/composition (time spent together, parental SES and job-loss), dissonant acculturation (how often parents and children clash over their differences), and feelings of discrimination. With the exceptions of parental socioeconomic status, all of these variables yield significant findings.