Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance Comparison of Optimized Resource Allocation in CoMP LTE-A using Iterative Subgradient Method and PSO

Inter-cell interference (ICI) is a primary factor that limits the capacity of any wireless cellular system. Recently, base stations cooperation (i.e., CoMP LTEAdvanced) is seen as a promising way to reduce ICI through coordination. In CoMP, the allocation of crucial resources such as subcarrier and power should be carefully determined because the resource allocation strategies of cells in CoMP affect each other’s performance. Our previous work proposed an optimized resource allocation (ORA) scheme that maximizes proportional fairness utility subject to user minimum rate requirement and available base station (BS) power constraints. Selecting appropriate tool to solve any optimization problem is very important because different tools may results in different level of complexity, convergence rate and searching capabilities. In this paper, we carry out simulation study to investigate the performance of our ORA scheme by using different optimization tools. The first tool is iterative subgradient method and the second tool is metaheuristics optimization algorithm, namely Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Based on numerical results, PSO gives the best performance in terms of mean values, standard deviations and processing time compared to iterative subgradient algorithm.
From contextual frustrations to classroom transformations: female empowerment through science education in rural South Africa

Abstract The objective of this transformative action research project was to explore and develop sustainable methods to promote female empowerment through science education in rural, disadvantaged sectors of South Africa. In an attempt to achieve this we collaborated with local community members to develop and implement a contextualized science curriculum at a school in the aforementioned setting. As soon as the project was launched it became increasingly clear that although the ideology of ‘empowerment through science education’ seemed a promising venture, it could also be an extremely complex and often frustrating undertaking. This was especially true when working within an unfamiliar cultural setting. Numerous challenges, such as the lack of teacher motivation, malnutrition amongst the learners, and conflicts stemming from differences between the indigenous knowledge and the western concept of science, greatly impeded the delivery of quality education in the area. These challenges had to be addressed both in pedagogical and practical terms before any attempt towards libratory education could be made. This article sheds light on the complex inter-relationship between the human factor and the organizational and physical infrastructure at a school. It begins with a brief description of the local context and goes on to identify the theoretical underpinnings and chosen methodology for the project. The article concludes with a review of the complexities involved in possible attempts to initiate and foster educational and social transformations in a rural South African setting. We contend that it is essential to first be thoroughly familiar with the background, culture, and needs of any community before any attempts are made towards social justice.
The relationship between core stability and bowling speed in asymptomatic male indoor action cricket bowlers

To determine whether a relationship exists between core stability and bowling speed in Action Cricket bowlers. Methods: Thirty asymptomatic indoor Action Cricket fast and fast-medium bowlers were divided into two groups of 15 each, with Group A having well-developed core stability and group B having poorly-developed core stability. The concept of matched pairs was used for age and cricket experience in order to maintain homogeneity between the groups. The core stability and bowling speed of each participant was measured using a pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) and speed sports radar respectively. SPSS version 15.0 was used to analyse the data.
Combining Digital Pens with Interactive Support Systems for Learning Mathematics

The paper-based textbook is the main medium for learning mathematics in schools because it has many advantages including portability, intuitive annotation, and ease of navigation. However, students with lower reading comprehension ability cannot easily solve mathematical word problems in paper, and this impedes their learning and motivation. This study thus proposes a paper-student-computer interaction model, in which computers monitor the learning behavior of students working on paper-based textbook through digital pens and thereby provide interactive learning support. An experiment was conducted to determine the extent to which the proposed approach facilitated mathematical learning of seven junior high school students. The results revealed that this model is helpful in reducing their cognitive load when reading complex and interleaved mathematical word problems in paper-based textbook. This effect can therefore indeed facilitate the mathematical learning performance of these students. Keyword: Computer support learning system, Digital pens, Mathematical word problem
Implementation of a Single IFFT Block based Partial Transmit Sequence Technique for PAPR Reduction in OFDM

iii CONTENTS . v NOMENCLATURE. viii ABBREVIATIONS . x LIST OF FIGURES . xiii LIST OF TABLES . xv 1 PEAK TO AVERAGE POWER RATIO IN OFDM: AN INTRODUCTION . 1 1.
Foreign Bidders Going Once, Going Twice... Protection in Government Procurement Auctions

Until recently, government procurement bidding processes have generally favored domestic firms by awarding the contract to a domestic firm even if a foreign firm tenders a lower bid, so long as the difference between the two is sufficiently small. This has been replaced by an agreement abolishing this practice. However, the presence of other trade barriers, such as tariffs, can continue to disadvantage foreign firms. We analyze the bidding strategies in such a game and show that when domestic profits are valued, tariffs will be used to discriminate against foreign firms. Furthermore, we find that optimal tariffs can be more protectionist than the optimal price preference, resulting in lower expected domestic welfare and total surplus.
MIT Sloan School of Management

We look at a principal–agent model in which the agent has to perform an action, the difficulty of which is better known ex interim than ex ante. We compare two contracting regimes; one with commitment to an ex ante negotiated contract, and one with an ex interim negotiated contract. The ex ante contract can not be too steep, but attempts to negotiate a steeper ex interim contract may result in bargaining failure. We find that the relative efficiency of the two contracting regimes depends on the nature of the differences between tasks. In a dynamic version of the analysis, we further find that the comparison depends on the frequency with which new tasks are needed. The argument can be interpreted as an analysis of the tradeoff between weak incentives in the firm and the possibility of unsuccessful negotiations in the market.
Unanticipated Uses of the Global Positioning System

Global Positioning System (GPS) instruments are routinely used today to measure crustal deformation signals from tectonic plate motions, faulting, and glacial isostatic adjustment. In parallel with the expansion of GPS networks around the world, several new and unexpected applications of GPS have been developed. For example, GPS instruments are now being used routinely to measure ground motions during large earthquakes. Access to real-time GPS data streams has led to the development of better hazard warnings for tsunamis, flash floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. Terrestrial water storage changes can be derived from GPS vertical coordinate time series. Finally, GPS signals that reflect on the surfaces below a GPS antenna can be used to measure soil moisture, snow accumulation, vegetation water content, and water levels. In the future, combining GPS with the signals from the Russian, European, and Chinese navigation constellations will significantly enhance these applications. ▪ GPS data are now routinely used to study the dynamics of earthquake rupture. ▪ GPS instruments are an integral part of warning systems for earth- quakes, tsunamis, flash floods, and volcanic eruptions. ▪ Reflected GPS signals provide a new source of soil moisture, snow depth, vegetation water content, and tide gauge data. ▪ GPS networks can sense changes in soil moisture, groundwater, and snow depth and thus can contribute to water resource assessments.
Comparisons of Theoretical Methods for Predicting Airfoil Aerodynamic Characteristics

A number of airfoils have been tested in the Pennsylvania State University low-speed low-turbulence wind tunnel, and the results of these tests are compared with those predicted using several well-known theoretical methods. The theoretical methods used are the potential-flow/integral boundary-layer methods XFOIL 6.96 and PROFIL07 and the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes solver OVERFLOW 2.2e. This version of the OVERFLOW solver contains an implementation of the transitional shear-stress transport turbulence model developed by Langtry and Menter (“Correlation-Based Transition Modeling for Unstructured Parallelized Computational Fluid Dynamics Codes,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 47, No. 12, 2009, pp. 2894–2906). This model is capable of capturing the influence of transition on the flowfield through a local-correlation method. The airfoils considered for this study are the E 387, S805, PSU 94-097, HTR1555, S903, and S824. Although none of the theoretical methods considered were consistently the best overall, all codes .
Cognitive MIMO Frequency Diverse Array Radar with High LPI Performance

Frequency diverse array (FDA) has its unique advantage in realizing low probability of intercept (LPI) technology for its dependent beam pattern. In this paper, we proposed a cognitive radar based on the frequency diverse array multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). To implement LPI of FDA MIMO transmit signals, a scheme for array weighting design is proposed, which is to minimize the energy of the target location and maximize the energy of the receiver. This is based on the range dependent characteristics of the frequency diverse array transmit beam pattern. To realize the objective problem, the algorithm is proposed as follows: the second-order nonconvex optimization problem is converted into a convex problem and solved by the bisection method and convex optimization. To get the information of target, the FDA MIMO radar is proposed to estimate the target parameters. Simulation results show that the proposed approach is effective in decreasing the detection probability of radar with lossless detection performance of the receive signal.
A Methodology for Projection-Based Model Reduction with Black-Box High-Fidelity Models

This paper presents a methodology that enables projection-based model reduction for black-box high-fidelity models such as commercial CFD codes. The methodology specifically addresses the situation where the high-fidelity model may be a black-box but there is complete knowledge of the governing equations. The main idea is that the linear operator matrix, resulting from the discretization of the linear differential terms is approximated directly using a suitable discretization method such as the Finite Volume Method and requires only the computational grid as input. In this regard, the governing equations are first cast in terms of a set of scalar observables of the state variables, leading to a linear set of equations. By applying the snapshots of the observables to the discrete linear operator, a right hand side vector is obtained, providing the necessary system matrices for the Galerkin projection step. This way an online database of ROMs are generated for various parameter snapshots which are then interpolated online to predict the state for new parameter instances. Finally, the reduced order model is posed as a non-linear constrained optimization problem that can be solved at a significantly cheaper cost compared to the full order model. The method is successfully demonstrated on on a canonical non-linear parametric PDE with exponential non-linearity, followed by the compressible inviscid ow past the NACA0012 airfoil. As a first step, this paper focuses only on establishing feasibility of the method.
On the Rectifiability of the Free Boundary of the One Phase Stefan Problem

In one space dimension and for a given function uI(x) ∈ C∞ 0 , (say such that uI(x) > 1 in some interval) the equation ut = ∆(u− 1)+ can be thought of as describing the energy per unit volume in a Stefan-type problem, where the latent heat of the phase change is given by (1−uI(x))+. Given a solution in the sense of distributions 0 ≤ u ∈ Lloc(IR × (0, T )) of this equation, (u − 1)+ is a subsolution to the heat equation. The “loss” with respect to a caloric function is accounted for by a Radon measure λ supported on the free boundary F = ∂{(x, t) : (u(x, t) − 1)+ > 0}. We prove that this measure is n rectifiable, i. e. , F is λ-essentially the union of images of imbedded C manifolds of dimension n in IR × (0, T ), under a weak assumption on the spatial gradient of (u − 1)+.
El Niño influence on the mesosphere/lower thermosphere circulation at midlatitudes as seen by a VHF meteor radar at Collm (51.3 ° N, 13 ° E)

Abstract. Mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT) zonal winds continuously measured by a VHF meteor radar at Collm, Germany (51.3° N, 13.0° E) in the height range 82 – 97 km from 2004 to date are analyzed with respect to the signature of El Nino. The comparison of Nino3 equatorial SST index and MLT wind time series shows that in January and especially in February zonal winds are positively correlated with the Nino3 index. We note a delay of about one month of the MLT zonal wind effect with respect to equatorial sea surface temperature variability. The signal is strong for the upper altitudes (above 90 km) accessible to the radar observations, but weakens with decreasing height. This reflects the fact that during El Nino years the westerly winter middle atmosphere wind jet is weaker, and this is also the case with the easterly lower thermospheric jet. Owing to the reversal of the absolute El Nino signal from negative to positive with altitude, at the height of the maximum meteor flux, which is around 90 km, the El Nino signal is weak. The experimental results can be qualitatively reproduced by numerical experiments using a mechanistic global circulation model with prescribed tropospheric temperatures and latent heat release for El Nino and La Nina conditions.
Preliminary observations of the feeding periodicity and selectivity of theintroduced seastar, Asterias amurensis (Ltitken), in Tasmania, Australia

Field observations of the introduced north Pacific seastar, Asterias amurensis, in Tasmania showed that it feeds over the 24-h period with no obvious cycle ofactivity. Percentage ofseastars feeding at anytime ranged from 17.2% at 1600 h to 58.2% at2000 h. Feeding periodicity did not correlate with the time ofday or the height ofthe tide. A significantly higher proportion ofjuveniles than adult seastars were found to be feeding at any given time. A comparison ofprey items found in the stomachs with the availability ofprey items in sediments revealed that, in the field, A. amurensis selected some prey species and avoided others. A total of 15 species were consumed, with molluscan prey the most important (> 60%) in winter and spring and at the two depths studied (2 m and 5 m). It is concluded thatA. amurensis is an opportunistic generalist predator but shows a certain degree ofspecialisation in local populations. All bivalves at the field site were found to be juveniles (most < 5 mm shell length) . Whether this is a natural phenomenon or due to the presence ofA. amurensis cannot be ascertained, as there are no data from these sites prior to the introduction ofthis seastar. Due to the dominance ofjuveniles, the resilience of the bivalve community is likely to be low.
CYP2D6*17 polymorphism and tardive dyskinesia in black psychotic patients on typical antipsychotics

Background: Tardive dyskinesia is a debilitating, intractable, hyperkinetic movement disorder which contributes to an increase in psychiatric morbidity. Reduced function CYP2D6 alleles have been associated with tardive dyskinesia pathogenesis amongst Caucasians and Asians, with CYP2D*4 and *6 and CYP2D6*10 being implicated in these races respectively. No similar study has been successfully conducted in black Africans. Objective: To determine the relationship between tardive dyskinesia and CYP2D6*17 (the major reduced function CYP2D6 allele in Africans). Methodology: Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale (AIMS) scoring and CYP2D6 genotyping were carried out on psychiatric patients exposed to typical antipsychotic medications in an unmatched case control study. A case of tardive dyskinesia was defined as a patient with an AIMS score ≥ 2 in two body areas OR ≥ 3 in one body area Results: A total of 18 cases and 32 controls made up the study sample.The sample’s mean age was 36.9±12.0 years with median treatment duration of 7.0 years (range: 0.25 to 38 years). Multiple logistic regression revealed no significant association between tardive dyskinesia and CYP2D6*17 (OR=0.252; 95% CI: 0.038 to 1.647; p=0.150). However, use of chlorpromazine (OR=5.754; 95% CI: 1.024 to 32.328; p=0.047) and age at treatment initiation (OR=1.146; 95% CI: 1.021 to 1.287; p=0.021) were independent predictors of tardive dyskinesia. Discussion: These findings suggest that there is no association between CYP2D6*17 and tardive dyskinesia in African psychotic patients on typical antipsychotics. However, more studies with larger sample sizes are required to provide more definitive conclusions regarding the nature of the relationship betweenCYP2D6*17 and tardive dyskinesia. Key words: Tardive dyskinesia, CYP2D*17, typical antipsychotics
Exploring the link between sustainability reporting and sustainability management: a conceptual framework.

Sustainability managementand Sustainability Reporting (SR) practices have dramatically increased during the last two decades, raising important questions about the relationship between internal practices and external communication. Previous literature on SR has almost exclusively highlighted the role of institutional and stakeholder pressures in driving its adoption. However, as surveys among reporters also identify internal benefits of SR, its full role for company-level sustainability management remains unclear. In order to address this question, we develop a framework accounting for four SR configurations, stemming from different levels of relative importance of external and internal motives for SR. A multiple case study involving four large Spanish companies serves to illustrate the framework and to identify company-level factors that act both as enablers and barriers of SR internal relevance. We conclude that motivations for SR, along with such internal factors, decisively influence its contribution to sustainability management.
p53 and Vascular Dysfunction: MicroRNA in Endothelial Cells

In many cancer cells, p53 gene is mutated and accumulated, which is considered as a mechanistical target of tumorigenesis. The role of p53 in non-cancerous cells has been focused on, since p53 activation diversely affects as human diseases, including vascular dysfunctions. p53 regulates vascular events, including vascular inflammation and senes cence as well as cardiac dysfunction. Many researchers also have paid attention to the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially small-sized microRNAs (miRNAs) for the last decade and their noble biological cellular functions have been discovered. miRNAs expressed in endothelial cells (endothelial miRNAs) have been shown to control vascular events. Firstly, the importance of p53 in a variety of vascular events, such as vascular inflammation and senescence, are summarized. Secondly, the way to regulate miRNAs by p53 and the involvement of miRNAs on p53 function are demonstrated. Finally, sev- eral endothelial miRNAs that have important roles are focused on. The aim of this chapter is to understand the role of p53 in vascular diseases in the view of endothelial cell biology and the contribution of miRNAs related to p53. shown here. We demonstrated the regulation of endothelial miRNAs by p53 and the modulation of p53 by miRNAs in endothelial cells. These miRNAs play pivotal roles in vascular development and the onset of cardiovascular diseases. The ubiquitin E3 ligase Mdm2 stimulates p53 degradation, in turn, p53 promotes Mdm2 gene expression. Therefore, there is a negative feedback loop between p53 and Mdm2. miR-192, miR-194, and miR-215 targeted Mdm2 protein, which could disrupt this p53-Mdm2 feedback loop [125]. Future studies will unveil the complex and fascinating pathway and loop composed by p53 and miRNAs and develop therapeutic machinery of vascular diseases. Targeted deletion reveals essential and overlapping functions of the miR-17 through 92 family
Observational Evidence of a Stratospheric Influence on the Troposphere by Planetary Wave Reflection.

Abstract Recent studies have pointed out the impact of the stratosphere on the troposphere by dynamic coupling. In the present paper, observational evidence for an effect of downward planetary wave reflection in the stratosphere on Northern Hemisphere tropospheric waves is given by combining statistical and dynamical diagnostics. A time-lagged singular value decomposition analysis is applied to daily tropospheric and stratospheric height fields recomposed for a single zonal wavenumber. A wave geometry diagnostic for wave propagation characteristics that separates the index of refraction into vertical and meridional components is used to diagnose the occurrence of reflecting surfaces. For zonal wavenumber 1, this study suggests that there is one characteristic configuration of the stratospheric jet that reflects waves back into the troposphere—when the polar night jet peaks in the high-latitude midstratosphere. This configuration is related to the formation of a reflecting surface for vertical propagation .
Exact Boundary Controller Design for a Kind of Enhanced Oil Recovery Models

The exact boundary controllability of a class of enhanced oil recovery systems is discussed in this paper. With a simple transformation, the enhanced oil recovery model is first affirmed to be neither genuinely nonlinear nor linearly degenerate. It is then shown that the enhanced oil recovery system with nonlinear boundary conditions is exactly boundary controllable by applying a constructed method. Moreover, an interval of the control time is presented to not only give the optimal control time but also show the time for avoiding the blowup of the controllable solution. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed criterion.
Dynamic Clustering Technique for Energy Efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks

: Dynamic clustering technique is adapted with the sensor network for organizing the sensor nodes in an effective manner to form network and it spends less energy expenditure for data transmission. Effective communication is achieved by applying maximum distance method to form cluster between nodes in a wireless sensor network. This approach is essential for the workload balance among the nodes, updating new nodes in the network, increasing the network lifetime and effective resource utilization in wireless sensor network. Dynamic clustering technique is suitable for streaming of data, scalable to large size networks, partitions the sensor nodes in to reasonable sets faster and significantly speeds up the communication among nodes compared to the K-Means cluster algorithm. Simulation results show that the performance of dynamic clustering technique provides higher throughput and energy consumption.