Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patterns and consequences of dispersal in Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris)

Landscape features such as mountains, rivers, and ecological gradients may strongly affect patterns of dispersal and gene flow among populations and thereby shape population dynamics and evolutionary' trajectories. The landscape may have a particularly strong effect on patterns of dispersal and gene flow' in amphibians because amphibians are thought to have limited dispersal abilities. We examined genetic variation at six microsateliite loci in Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) from 28 breeding ponds in western Montana and Idaho, USA, in order to investigate the effects of the landscape on patterns of gene flow. We were particularly interested in addressing three questions: (1) Do ridges act as barriers to gene flow? (2) Is gene flow restricted between low and high elevation ponds? (3) Does a pond equal a ‘randomly mating population’ (a deme)? Mountain ridges and elevational differences were associated with increased genetic differentiation among sites, suggesting that gene flow is restricted by ridges and elevation in this species. Populations of Columbia spotted frogs generally include more than a single pond except for very isolated ponds. We also found evidence for surprisingly high levels of gene flow among low elevation sites separated by large distances. Moreover, genetic variation within populations was strongly negatively correlated with elevation, suggesting effective population sizes are much smaller at high elevation than low elevation. Our results show that landscape features have a profound effect on patterns of genetic variation in Columbia spotted frogs. We develop a model of population structure to explain our results, discuss the evolutionary and conservation
A one step in vitro cloning procedure for Red Globe grape: The influence of basal media and plant growth regulators

Earlier studies have shown that the degree of success at each stage of micropropagation in grapevine is genotype dependent; hence it becomes imperative to optimize culture conditions for rapid propagation of a variety. Present report describes two approaches of in vitro propagation of a Vitis vinifera cultivar, Red Globe. In one approach, whole plants could be developed from single node segments by bud break and direct rooting in vitro. Eight different basal media tried showed different morphogenetic responses. In second approach, multiple shoots were induced in nodal segments cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with BA (8.88 μM). Also, second crop of shoots could be induced in left over nodal segments devoid of shoots. Rooting of shoots could be induced in vitro, both in semi-solid or liquid media and also ex vitro by pulse treatment of IAA (2.85 μM) + NAA (2.70 μM). Plant establishment in later case was 80%. A simple procedure described here can complement conventional methods, currently being used in propagation of this important grape variety.
Parental decision about human papillomavirus vaccination for their daughters

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a sexually transmitted infection common in teenagers and adults in their early 20s. Some types of HPV are associated with 90% of cervical cancer around the world. The risk of HPV infection in women can be reduced by giving HPV vaccine to girls beginning at the age of 9, as recommended by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). For children and young adolescents, parental decision on HPV vaccination is crucial for the uptake of HPV vaccine rate. This study explored the factors influencing parental decisions on HPV vaccination for their daughters. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between February and March 2017. Data were collected from parents of girls aged 9 to 17 (n=420, 100 % response rate) in Hong Kong. A validated 27-item questionnaire was used to elicit parents’ knowledge on HPV and HPV vaccine, barriers to HPV vaccination, and willingness toward vaccinating their daughter(s). Results: Only 59.6% of respondents were aware of the HPV vaccine before this study. Among the parents who were aware of the vaccine, around 32% had already vaccinated their daughters. Majority (83%) of the parents had heard of HPV, but the knowledge levels were poor (70% scored below average). The reasons parents did not vaccinate their daughters were fear of the side-effects of the vaccine (85.7%) and feared the vaccine would affect the immune system of their daughters (38.5%); around 18% believed that HPV vaccination would encourage early sexual activity or promiscuity. More than half of the respondents (69.7%) were willing to vaccine their daughter(s). Conclusions: Given the evidence of suboptimal awareness about HPV vaccination, education and promotional strategies should be enhanced. Interventions should address parental concerns about the misconceptions between vaccination and early sexual activity and promiscuity. KeywordsHuman papillomavirus (HPV), parental decision, HPV vaccine, sexually transmitted infection (STI), cervical cancer
Pressao arterial e perfil antropométrico e metabólico de indivíduos jovens acompanhados por 16 anos e estratificados pelo comportamento da pressao arterial: Estudo do Rio de Janeiro

Objective: To evaluate blood pressure (BP), anthropometric and metabolic variables obtained during a 16-year follow-up period in young subjects from the Rio de Janeiro Study. Methods: 61 subjects (29 M) were stratified according to their BP obtained in three evaluations along 16 years (199.38 ± 4.56 months). The mean ages for each evaluation were E1: 12.1 ± 0.96 years (10-15 years old), E2: 21,97 ± 1,95 years (18-25 years old) and E3: 29,46 ± 1,7 years (26-33 years old). They were divided in three groups: group N (n = 27, normal BP in the three evaluations); group H (n = 8, abnormal BP in the three evaluations), group L (n = 26, changeable BP in the three evaluations). In the three occasions, BP, weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were obtained. In E2 and E3, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C, triglycerides were added and in E3 waist circumference was also measured. Hypertension (AH) was considered in E1 when BP was ≥ 95th percentile for age and gender, and in E2 and E3, when ≥ 140/90 mmHg. Results: Group H had higher systolic and diastolic BP (p < 0.001), weight and BMI (p < 0.003) than group N in E1, E2 and E3. In E3, AH prevalence was 32.8% and overweight/obesity prevalence was 60% and prevalences of overweight/obesity were 30.8%, 76.9% and 100% in groups N, L and H, respectively (p < 0.001). Metabolic variables were not different among the groups. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was identified in 40% of group H vs. 0% of group N (p < 0.03) in E3. Conclusion: After a 16-year follow-up period, BP obtained in childhood and adolescence was significantly related to anthropometric variables and MS. KEYWoRDS Blood pressure; anthropometric indexes; children and adolescents ARTIGo oRIGINAL
Design of Higher Order Modulation Schemes for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Systems

—In this paper we design and simulate OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) to study the performance of the OFDM system at higher order modulation schemes. It is very important to evaluate performance of the communication system, to test the efficiency and quality of the service it can provide. We use Matlab program to design the functionality of OFDM, then BER(Bit Error Rate) is obtained to different SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio) values, for M-array PSK and M-array QAM modulations techniques. BER is widely used as performance measurement tool, it tells number of bits destroyed while the data is travelling from source to the destination, AWGN(Additive White Gaussian Noise) is used as transmission channel.
Modified Alizarin Red S-Alcian Blue Staining for Reptilian Skeleton

Skeletal staining is an important method in anatomical study. The aim of the research was to develop staining and clearing method of Reptilian skeleton using Alizarin Red S-Alcian Blue. The specimen were eviscerated, fixed, stained, cleared, and keep in glycerine solution. This modified double-staining has successfully stain bone and cartilage of Reptilian.
Ethnopharmacological Studies for Sustainable Development in Cameroon

Aim: Several diseases continue to affect strongly the populations’ health in Africa. Meanwhile Ethnopharmacology, a scientific interdisciplinary study of natural substances and related knowledge’s or practices that cultural groups implement for therapeutic, curative, preventive or diagnostic purposes, must be developed in the continent. Therefore sustainable development, a conception of common well being developed since the end of the 20th century can be effective by developing in Africa low-priced phytodrugs for consumption and exportation. The objectives of this study were to sustainably collect and document important cultural heritage before it is lost and to investigate and evaluate agents used to promote drug discovery in Cameroon. Materials and methods: To achieve these objectives we have used a methodology that begun by a field work, that started by harvesting and identifying plant species with confirmation in National Herbarium and the Ethnopharmacological detailed preparation of recipes and ended by the research of previous studies on recorded plants. Results: Forty-three (43%) of recorded plants is been documented for the treatment of diseases and investigated for their phytochemical and activities confirming of the rationalization of their traditional uses. Some plants are documented for the first time for their medical use, for example Massularia acuminata for hypertension, Pentaclethra macropylla for infectious diseases, Hallea stipulosa for difficult deliverance, Guibourtia tessmannii for diabetes, Piliostigma rufescens for dysentery, Carica papaya for cancer and Solanum torvum for gastric pains. Conclusion: The results of E-ISSN: 2320-1215 P-ISSN: 2322-0112 RRJPPS | Volume 5 | Issue 3 | September, 2016 40 this study stimulate a sustainable development by providing the basis for low cost drugs discovery and by documenting biodiversity for long time exploitation.
On the occurence of abnormal deciduous incisors during prenatal life in African hystricomorphous rodents

Examined early stages of dental development in four families and five genera of African "hystricomorphous" rodents. Small, abnormal, anterior deciduous incisors (dll) were detected in both jaws, anterior to the large, normal dl2, in early developmental stages of all species examined: Bathyergus janetta, Georychus capensis, Ctenodactylus gundi, Pedetes caffer, and Anomalurops beecrofti. These small, abnormal teeth develop an irregulär dentinal knot, but lack ameloblasts and enamel; a similar morphogenetic pattern occurs in the anterior deciduous incisors of sciurids and probably represents the ancestral condition in rodents. The functional significance of these abnormal teeth during ontogeny remains to be determined.
First seep-dwelling Desbruyeresia (Gastropoda: Abyssochrysoidea) species discovered from a serpentinite-hosted seep in the Southeastern Mariana Forearc

ABSTRACT The South Chamorro Seamount (13°47'N, 146°00'E) on the southeastern Mariana Forearc is one of a series of serpentine mud volcanoes in the area, and hosts an active fluid seepage area on its summit. During a recent research cruise three specimens of a small rissoid-like gastropod were collected with chemoautotrophic bivalves. Subsequent morphological and molecular investigations revealed it to be a novel species of Desbruyeresia (Abyssochrysoidea: Provannidae), described herein as Desbruyeresia chamorrensis n. sp. Although all known specimens had a heavily corroded apex, so the protoconch could not be observed, its radular characteristics are very similar to those of other Desbruyeresia species. Phylogenetic reconstruction using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene also supports its placement within Desbruyeresia. The new species is distinguished from all other described congeners by having more numerous (17–20) axial ribs on the teleoconch, and a broad shell for the genus (shell width to height ratio 0.6–0.65). Living Desbruyeresia were previously only known from hydrothermal vents and this is the first species known to inhabit seeps or serpentinite-hosted chemosynthetic habitats. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3BDA021E-45ED-439A-9D5D-402BBB29293E
A new algorithm for joint DOA and multipath delay estimation: separable dimension subspace method

With the growing capacity demand in wireless communication systems, space division multiplexing and space-time processing by means of antenna arrays are becoming ever more attractive as a technology to improve system performance, especially for the reduction of multipath effects. This paper presents a new low complexity and high accuracy algorithm to estimate the multipath delays and direction of arrivals (DOAs) simultaneously in wireless communication systems. By using separable dimension correlation processing, the temporal and spatial signal subspaces are formed and the joint two dimensional delay/DOA estimation problem is separated into two simpler one dimensional estimations.
CNS Depressant activity in two species of Mulberry

The sequential extracts of Morus alba and Morus laevigata leaves were subjected for CNS depressant activity in albino mice. The locomotor activity was measured by using a photoactometer and the scores were recorded after 60 minutes of drug administration and the percentage decrease in the locomotor activity was calculated. The results showed significant reduction in locomotor activity in the animals treated with all the extracts of two species under study.
Effect of Orostschys japonicus A. Berger on Apoptosis in K562 Cell Lines

【Objectives : This study was performed to determine if Orostschys japonicus A. Berger has protective effects against CML in K562 cell lines. Materials and Methods : MTT assay, cell proliferation assay, Reverse transcription-polymerase reaction chain, RT-PCR, DNA fragmentation assay, Quantitative PCR were studied. Results : Orostschys japonicus A. Berger had no effects on Bax gene in K562 cell lines, but decreased Bcl-2 gene, and increased the Caspases-3 gene. This is indicate of induced apoptosis in K562 cell lines by Orostschys japonicus A. Berger. Conclusion : These results suggest that Orostschys japonicus A. Berger has effects on apatosis in K562 cell lines. 】
Molecular studies on the classification of Miniopterus schreibersii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences

A b s t r a c t . Mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences have been identified in Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817) from the Oriental-Australasian areas. All phylogenetic analyses indicate that the Oriental-Australasian M. schreibersii diverged from the Spanish M. schreibersii, with the mean percentage sequence differences ranging from 15.81% to 18.92% between them. A large and significant percentage sequence difference (10.91%) also separated the Chinese/Japanese specimens from the Australian specimens. Our molecular results corroborate a previous report based on morphological characters by M a e d a (1982), which suggested that Miniopterus schreibersii in Europe, Asia and Australia should be regarded as three distinct species, named Miniopterus schreibersii, M. fuliginosus and M. oceanensis. However, the specimen from Hainan should be grouped together with the other Chinese specimens in one species. The results also confirmed Appleton's recent molecular study on Oriental-Australasian Miniopterus schreibersii.
Poultry Environment as a Reservoir of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria – A Nigerian Story

Aims: This study set out to help define the role of the poultry environment as a reservoir of drug resistant bacteria in Nigeria. Introduction: The poultry environment has been acclaimed as a potential source of antimicrobial resistant bacteria but information is lacking in Nigeria. Despite worldwide control strategies, a predominance of small-scale poultry farming poses a challenge to proper veterinary monitoring in Nigeria. Methodology: Three commercial laying farms were sampled and total heterotrophic counts determined. Bacterial identification, susceptibility profile and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index and diversity index were determined using standard methodologies. Results: Higher bacterial counts were observed in litter than feed samples (6.7 × 10 to 1.6 × 10 CFU/g versus 2.2 × 10 to 3.5 × 10 CFU/g) and majority of isolates (73.2%) belonged to only 5 bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus sp). With respect to antibiotic resistance in general, both litter and faecal matter isolates exhibited similar average rates of 62.2% and 63.1% respectively. Feed Original Research Article Cookey and Otokunefor; BMRJ, 17(1): 1-11, 2016; Article no.BMRJ. 28601 2 samples however had a lower average rate of 46.8%. A similar trend was observed when considering rates of multidrug resistance (MDR). Litter and faecal isolates had MDR rates of 88% and 91% respectively, while feed isolate had a MDR rate of 73%. A focus on the antibiograms of Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli specifically revealed a wide diversity among these isolates with 31 antibiotic resistance patterns observed from 55 isolates and a diversity index of 0.88, 0.9 and 0.98 respectively. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the Nigerian poultry environment may serve not only as a reservoir of antibiotic resistant organisms, but also as an environment for the development of this resistance. A continuous monitoring of the situation is of essence to form the basis of future intervention strategies.
Root Zone Temperature Effects on Greenhouse Roses in Relation to Supplementary Lighting at Reduced Air Temperature

Two cultivars of Rosa hybrida L. —‘Samantha’ and ‘Gabriella’—budded on R. manetti rootstock were grown at root-zone temperatures of 13°C (control-ambient), 18°, and 23° at 13° air night temperature under natural light conditions or natural light plus 55 ± 5 µmol s−1m−2 HPS nightly. Stem length of ‘Samantha’ roses was increased at 23° and the quality index was reduced at 18° soil temperatures. An interaction between light and soil temperature occurred in ‘Gabriella’ roses, where stem length and diameter, fresh weight, quality index, and yield were improved with increased soil zone temperature under natural daylength conditions, but the reverse was the case with HPS supplementary irradiation. Scion cultivar differences on the identical rootstock influenced the response of the plants to root-zone heating and HPS lighting.
A Regional Evaluation of Suwannee Bass and Largemouth Bass Exploitation in North Florida Rivers

AbstractSuwannee Bass Micropterus notius are a riverine species inhabiting a restricted range within the states of Florida and Georgia. However, little is known about exploitation of Suwannee Bass, which are currently managed in Florida under a single harvest regulation with black basses (genus Micropterus). Regional exploitation of Suwannee Bass in Florida has never been examined in comparison with Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides, though such a comparison would allow fisheries managers to assess the efficacy of the current regulation. We estimated regionwide exploitation of both Suwannee Bass and Largemouth Bass in rivers, as facilitated via high-reward ($100), plastic-tipped dart tags. In fall 2013, we tagged 108 legal-sized Suwannee Bass (≥305 mm) across 7 rivers and 160 legal-sized Largemouth Bass across 10 rivers in northern Florida. At the end of 1 year, we found that exploitation rates of Suwannee Bass (0.15) and Largemouth Bass (0.10) in rivers were similar. These estimates were also similar.
Remifentanil Protects Human Keratinocyte Through Autophagic Expression

Background: Remifentanil, an ultra-short-acting mu-opioid receptor agonist, is unique from other opioids because of its esterase-based metabolism, minimal accumulation, and very rapid onset and offset of clinical action. Remifentanil can prevent the inflammatory response and can suppress inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in a septic mouse model. However, the effects of remifentanil on human keratinocyte and autophagy have yet to be fully elucidated during hypoxia-reoxygenation. Here we investigated whether remifentanil confers protective effect against hypoxia-reoxygenation in human keratinocyte and, if so, whether autophagy mediates this effect. Methods: 94% N , and 5% CO for 24 h at the of human keratinocytes hypoxia-reoxygenation various concentrations of remifentanil (0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 ng/ml) for 2 h. remifentanil reoxygenation and recovery, the cells were reoxygenated for 12 h at 37°C. Control group did not receive remifentanil treatment. Normoxia group did not receive hypoxia and remifentanil treatment for 36 h. 3-MA group was treated 3-methyladenine (3-MA) for 1h before remifentanil treatment. Cell viability was measured using a quantitative colorimetric assay with MTT, showing the mitochondrial activity of living cells. Cells were stained with fluorescence and analyzed with Western blot analysis to find out any relations with activation of autophagy. Results: Prominent accumulation of autophagic specific staining MDC was observed around the nuclei in RPT group HaCaT cells. Similarly, AO staining, red fluorescent spots appeared in RPT group HaCaT cells, while the Normoxia, control and 3-MA groups showed mainly green cytoplasmic fluorescence. We here examined activation of autophagy related protein under H/R-induced cells by Western blotting analysis. Atg5, Beclin-1, LC3-II (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 form II) and p62 was elevated in RPT group cells. But they were decreased when autophagy was suppressed by 3-MA (Fig. 5). Conclusions: Although the findings of this study are limited to an in vitro interpretation, we suggest that remifentanil may have a beneficial effect in the recovery of wound from hypoxia-reoxygenation injury.
Histopathologic diagnosis of chronic viral hepatitis

Morphological evaluation of the liver continues to play a centralrole for the diagnosis, grading and staging of chronic viral hepatitis.The defining morphology is necroinflammation, that is hepatocyteinjury and inflammation. Hepatocyte injury is usually irreversible,and presents as apoptosis and/or necrosis. Mononuclear cellinfiltration of the portal tracts, that is usually accompanied byperiportal (interface) and lobular inflammation is typical. Continuednecroinflammatory activity at the limiting plate destroyingperiportal parenchyma initiates fibrogenesis leading to cirrhosis.Fibrosis can be reversible with fragmentation of scar tissue,resolving vascular derangements and parenchymal regeneration.Grading is a measure of the intensity of necroinflammatory activityand staging is a measure of fibrosis and architectural alteration.Besides staging, Laennec scoring system, subdividing cirrhosisthat is based on histologic parameters of fibrous septa width andnumber, has been advised to be used in reporting chronic viralhepatitis.Keywords: Viral hepatitis, Grading, Staging, Biopsy