Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of A-Mycorrhizal Fungi , Bacteria , And Yeast as A Biological Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , on The Growth of Common Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L . )

A pot experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Faculty of Agriculture (Saba-Basha)-Alexandria University in order to evaluate the effect of two species of mycorrhizae (Glomus intraradiaces (M1) and Glomus macrocarpium (M2)), two genera of bacteria (Bacillus subtilis (B1) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (B2)) and two genera of yeast (Cryptocooccus neoformans (Y1) and Candida albicans (Y2)) as a biological control of white mold of bean disease (Phaseolus vulgaris L. with two varieties Bronco and Contender ) which infected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Two isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (S4 and S6) were selected. The results of this study suggested that the difference microorganisms which used as bioagents especially AMF first specie (Glomus intraradiaces) was sufficient to inhibit the Sclerotinia isolates. On the other hand, Contender common bean variety was more sufficient than the other variety (Bronco). Also, the first isolate of Sclerotinia (S4) was less dangerous compared with the other isolate (S6). In future studies, the interaction between the bioagents and the host plant are needed to develop much more efficient biological control agents of the related diseases.
5-Aza-2 ’-deoxycytidine and 5-fluorouracil synergistically induce colon cancer cell apoptosis in a P 53-independent manner

Objective: 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine affects cell cycle and differentiation and can induce apoptosis. However, the mechanism by which 5-aza-CdR acts as an antitumor candidate remains unclear. Methods: In our study, 5-azaCdR showed doseand time-dependent cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cells Lovo and HT-29. In HT-29 cells, 5-aza-CdR induced caspase-dependent apoptosis, as evidenced by caspase 3 and 9 activation mediated by Bax accumulation in mitochondria and Bcl-2 downregulation. Results: Interestingly, 5-aza-CdR-induced Lovo cell apoptosis was caspase-independent since caspase activation and cleavage were not detected. The nuclear translocation of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) as well as upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was closely associated with 5-aza-CdRinduced apoptosis. More importantly, we showed that 5-FU or cisplatin synergistically enhanced 5-aza-CdR-induced colorectal cancer cell death. Conclusions: Taken together, these novel findings indicate that 5-aza-CdR plays an important role in improving the prognosis of rectal cancer patients.
Riparian buffers in tropical agriculture: Scientific support, effectiveness and directions for policy

1.There is a weak evidence base supporting the effective management of riparian ecosystems within tropical agriculture. Policies to protect riparian buffers—strips of non‐cultivated land alongside waterways—are vague and vary greatly between countries. 2.From a rapid evidence appraisal, we find that riparian buffers are beneficial to hydrology, water quality, biodiversity and some ecosystem functions in tropical landscapes. However, effects on connectivity, carbon storage and emissions reduction remain understudied. Riparian functions are mediated by buffer width and habitat quality, but explicit threshold recommendations are rare. 3.Policy implications . A one‐size fits all width criterion, commonly applied, will be insufficient to provide all riparian functions in all circumstances. Context‐specific guidelines for allocating, restoring and managing riparian buffers are necessary to minimise continued degradation of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in tropical agriculture.
Cultural economy and the creative field of the city

Abstract. I begin with a rough sketch of the incidence of the cultural economy in US cities today. I then offer a brief review of some theoretical approaches to the question of creativity, with special reference to issues of social and geographic context. The city is a powerful fountainhead of creativity, and an attempt is made to show how this can be understood in terms of a series of localized field effects. The creative field of the city is broken down (relative to the cultural economy) into four major components, namely, (a) intra‐urban webs of specialized and complementary producers, (b) the local labour market and the social networks that bind workers together in urban space, (c) the wider urban environment, including various sites of memory, leisure, and social reproduction, and (d) institutions of governance and collective action. I also briefly describe some of the path‐dependent dynamics of the creative field. The article ends with a reference to some issues of geographic scale. Here, I argue that the urban is but one (albeit important) spatial articulation of an overall creative field whose extent is ultimately nothing less than global.
Data adjustment of the Geographic Information System, GPS and image to construct a virtual reality

Visualization of spatial data in a virtual reality environment is catching the imagination of researchers across the disciplines of spatial information sciences and computer vision alike. Different approaches have been investigated into for visualization of three-dimensional objects in a virtual reality environment. An important aspect of creation of virtual world is the increasing interest shown by the research community in building virtual world database with contents of real world object. Geographic Information System, GPS and image techniques have become an important link in the process of creation of virtual worlds. In this paper we present a system for computing georeferenced positions and orientations of images of buildings. Providing such information is a mandatory step to well conditioned large scale and precise 3D reconstruction of urban areas. Our method is based on the registration of multimodal datasets, GPS measures, geolocation, and rough 3D models to create a virtual reality. The 3D modeling of an environment has long been a widely studied topic. Its importance stems from the various applications of such a modeling: virtual reality, extended reality, etc. The difficulties are: the creation of a geolocated virtual reality of an environment via Google Earth, a large-scale data acquisition, a large-scale data processing. Key-words: Modeling, 3D, GPS, GIS, Geolocation, Virtual reality.
Model for straight and helical solar jets - I. Parametric studies of the magnetic field geometry

Context. Jets are dynamic, impulsive, well-collimated plasma events developing at many di erent scales and in di erent layers of the solar atmosphere. Aims. Jets are believed to be induced by magnetic reconnection, a process central to many astrophysical phenomena. Studying their dynamics can help us to better understand the processes acting in larger eruptive events (e.g., ares and coronal mass ejections) as well as mass, magnetic helicity, and energy transfer at all scales in the solar atmosphere. The relative simplicity of their magnetic geometry and topology, compared with larger solar active events, makes jets ideal candidates for studying the fundamental role of reconnection in energetic events. Methods. In this study, using our recently developed numerical solver ARMS, we present several parametric studies of a 3D numerical magneto-hydrodynamic model of solar-jet-like events. We studied the impact of the magnetic eld inclination and photospheric eld distribution on the generation and properties of two morphologically di erent types of solar jets, straight and helical, which can account for the observed so-called standard and blowout jets. Results.Our parametric studies validate our model of jets for di erent geometric properties of the magnetic con guration. We nd that a helical jet is always triggered for the range of parameters we tested. This demonstrates that the 3D magnetic null-point con guration is a very robust structure for the energy storage and impulsive release characteristic of helical jets. In certain regimes determined by magnetic geometry, a straight jet precedes the onset of a helical jet. We show that the reconnection occurring during the straight-jet phase in uences the triggering of the helical jet. Conclusions. Our results allow us to better understand the energization, triggering, and driving processes of straight and helical jets. Our model predicts the impulsiveness and energetics of jets in terms of the surrounding magnetic eld con guration. Finally, we discuss the interpretation of the observationally de ned standard and blowout jets in the context of our model, as well as the physical factors that determine which type of jet will occur.
Innervation of the heart of Ligia oceanica

During my stay at the Plymouth Laboratory in 1931 I had an opportunity of investigating the innervation of the heart of Ligia oceanica, and of making some experiments on the function of the ganglionic trunk which constitutes the main element of its innervation. In a short note describing these experiments (Alexandrowicz, 1931) it was stated that a description of the arrangement of the nerve elements would appear in a short time. However, on later examination of the preparations it seemed to be desirable to verify some of the findings, but the same animal was no longer available. Another isopod, Mesidotea entomon, with which I tried to continue the work during my visit to the Marine Biological Laboratory in Hel, proved to be much less suitable for this kind of investigation despite its larger size. Later events, unfavourable for scientific work, caused the loss of all my preparations and a further delay. It is only now, thanks to the chance of working again at the Plymouth Laboratory, that I have been able to resume my investigations.
Simple Convolutional Neural Networks with Linguistically-Annotated Input for Answer Selection in Question Answering

With the advent of deep learning methods, researchers have been increasingly preferring deep learning methods over decades-old feature-engineering-inspired work in Natural Language Processing (NLP). The research community has been moving away from otherwise dominant feature engineering approaches; rather, is gravitating towards more complicated neural architectures. Highly competitive tools like part-of-speech taggers that exhibit human-like accuracy are traded off for complex networks, with the hope that the neural network will learn the features needed. In fact, there have been efforts to do NLP “from scratch” with neural networks that altogether eschew featuring engineering based tools (Collobert et al, 2011). In our research, we modify the input that is fed to neural networks by annotating the input with linguistic information: POS tags, Named Entity Recognition output, linguistic relations, etc. With just the addition of these linguistic features on a simple Siamese convolutional neural network, we are able to achieve state-of-the-art results. We argue that this strikes a better balance between feature vs. network engineering.
Mosquito larvicidal activity of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit (Lamiaceae) aerial extracts against the filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)

Mosquito-borne diseases have intruded the globe since immemorial time. The present scenario for commanding the mosquitoes is aimed at application of target and stage-specific, cost-effective and biodegradable phytoproducts. Plant extracts are safer for non-target organisms including man. Plant based formulations would be more feasible environmental products with proven potential as insecticide. Therefore, in the present study the larvicidal activity of crude petroleum ether, chloroform and acetone aerial extracts of Hyptis suaveolens against the filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus was studied. Standard WHO protocols with minor modifications was adopted for the larvicidal bioassay. Larvicidal activity was evaluated at concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/L. Larval mortality was observed for 24 and 48 hours. Amongst the solvent extracts tested, acetone exhibited highest larvicidal activity and LC 50 values was 485.61 followed by petroleum ether and chloroform extract which were 493.44 and 625.97 mg/L after 24 hours. In the case of 48 hours, petroleum ether extract (LC 50 298.76 mg/L) was found to exhibit highest larvicidal activity followed by acetone (LC 50 344.03 mg/L) and chloroform (LC 50 429.50 mg/L). Further investigations are needed to explore the larvicidal activity of acetone and petroleum ether aerial extract of this plant against a wide range of mosquito species and also the active ingredient(s) of the extract responsible for larvicidal activity should be identified.
Nested Multiprocessor Real-Time Locking with Improved Blocking ∗

Existing multiprocessor real-time locking protocols that support nesting are subject to adverse blocking that can be avoided when additional information about resource-usage patterns is known. These sources of blocking stem from system overheads and a lack of support for replicated resources. In this paper, these issues are resolved in the context of the recently proposed real-time nested locking protocol (RNLP). The resulting protocols are the first to support fine-grained real-time lock nesting while allowing multiple resources to be locked in one atomic operation and resources to be replicated.
Modeling Urban Encroachment on the Agricultural Land of the Eastern Nile Delta Using Remote Sensing and a GIS-Based Markov Chain Model

Historically, the Nile Delta has played an integral part in Egyptian civilization, as its fertile soils have been cultivated for centuries. The region offers a lush oasis among the expansive arid climate of Northern Africa; however, in recent decades, many anthropogenic changes to the environment have jeopardized Egypt’s agricultural productivity. Political instability and lack of sufficient regulations regarding urban growth and encroachment have put agricultural land in the area at risk. Advanced geospatial techniques were used to assess the rate at which urban areas are increasing within the region. A hybrid classification of Landsat satellite imagery for the eastern sector of the Nile Delta, between the years 1988 and 2017, was conducted to map major land-use and land-cover (LULC) classes. The statistical change analysis revealed that urban areas increased by 222.5% over the study period (29 years). Results indicated that urban areas are encroaching mainly on established agricultural lands within the Nile Delta. Most of the change has occurred within the past nine years, where approximately 235.60 km2 of the cultivated lands were transitioned to urban. Nonetheless, at the eastern delta flank, which is bordered by desert, analysis indicated that agricultural lands have experienced a considerable growth throughout the study period due to a major desert reclamation effort. Areas most at risk from future urban expansion were identified. A simulation of future urban expansion, using a Markov Chain algorithm, indicated that the extent to which urban area is simulated to grow in the region is 16.67% (277.3 km2) and 37.82% (843 km2) by the year 2026, and 2050, respectively. The methods used in this study are useful in assessing the rate of urban encroachment on agricultural lands and can be applied to similar at-risk areas in the regions if appropriate site-specific modifications are considered.
Cross-modal feature and conjunction errors in recognition memory

Abstract Four experiments were conducted to investigate whether a modality-specific familiarity contributes to feature and conjunction errors and, hence, to recognition memory. In each experiment, the presentation modality of compound words was manipulated at study (auditory or visual), and in Experiment 2 the presentation modality for the test also was manipulated. In Experiment 3, participants were pushed to respond quickly in order to create a reliance on familiarity rather than recollection. In Experiment 4, a direct manipulation of response deadline was employed. Across experiments, auditory and visual tests did not produce different hit rates or feature and conjunction error rates, and shifts in study-to-test modality did not affect hit rates or feature and conjunction error rates. The response deadline manipulation of Experiment 4 affected old/new discrimination but not feature and conjunction effects (feature/new and conjunction/new discrimination), producing a dissociation. Unlike implicit perceptual memory, modality information does not appear to contribute significantly to the familiarity underlying feature and conjunction errors. The familiarity underlying feature and conjunction errors, and thus in recognition memory, is different from the familiarity underlying perceptual implicit memory.
Pure single-port laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy using a novel double-flap technique

We developed a novel double-flap technique as an anti-reflux procedure following sin-gle-port laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy. After performing laparoscopic proximal gas-trectomy, an H-shaped seromuscular flap is created on the anterior wall of the gastric remnant and then reconstruction procedure is started. First, the posterior esophageal wall is fixed to the stomach at the cranial edge of the submucosal window. Second, the posterior wall of the esophagus and the gastric mucosa are sutured and layer-to-layer suturing is then performed between the anterior esophagus and stomach to complete the esophagogas-trostomy. Finally, the anastomotic site and distal esophagus are covered with the sero-muscular flap. All steps were performed using continuous barbed sutures to facilitate anastomotic procedures. The above mentioned procedure is safe and feasible for the treatment of gastric cancer with acceptable short- and mid-term results. Thus, this pro-cedure may be an attractive surgical option as a minimally invasive surgery.
Metabolic Syndrome and Arterial Stiffness in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients Periton

1 Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Division, Aydın, Turkey 2 Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Aydın, Turkey 3 Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Aydın, Turkey 4 Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, İzmir, Turkey doi: 10.5262/tndt.2016. 1001.05
Chapter 17 Antithrombin Activation and Designing Novel Heparin Mimics

Antithrombin (AT) is a key molecule regulating the clotting cascade in humans. The importance of the antithrombin can be assessed from numerous cases of deficiencies, congenital or acquired, which lead to enhanced risk for thrombosis in the affected individuals (1–4). More importantly, targeted disruption of the antithrombin gene in mice resulted in death of all AT = embryos due to consumptive coagulopathy and/or liver dysfunction supporting its central role in regulation of blood coagulation in the myocardium and liver (5,6). Antithrombin is a plasma glycoprotein that inhibits several enzymes of the coagulation cascade, thereby functioning as a principal anticoagulant agent. Yet, current knowledge indicates that the physiological targets of antithrombin are factor IXa (fIXa), factor Xa (fXa), and thrombin (fIIa). The circulating form of human antithrombin has 432 residues with a molecular weight of 58,200 Da. a-Antithrombin, the major form circulating in plasma, has four Asn residues glycosylated, while the minor form (b-antithrombin) has an unglycosylated Asn135. The inhibitor is present in human plasma in fairly high concentration (2---3 mM) and for a long time served as a principal source of material for study. Nowadays, recombinant antithrombin is routinely expressed in a number of cell systems including baculovirus infected insect cells and mammalian cells, with properties similar to the plasma protein. In addition, the milk of transgenic dairy Garg / Chemistry and Biology of Heparin and Heparan Sulfate chap17 Page Proof page 487 29.9. 2005 2:51pm
Rheological analysis of water clay compositions in order to investigate mudflows developing in canals

This paper describes the physical and rheological property mixtures of water and kaolinitic clay that form the interstitial fluid found in muds from inundations or torrential lava. Several compositions with varying volume concentrations (Cv) were tested in a high-precision R/S rheometer (shear rate x shear stress). The rheometric parameters such as critical stress, apparent viscosity and outflow curves were established. A detailed analysis of the possible thixotropic fluid (shear thinning) and preparation of the mixtures were carried out. Such mud-type mixtures were well adjusted to the Herschel-Bulkley rheologic model at 03 parameters namely
TEM as an Important Tool to Study Aquatic Microorganisms and their Relationships with Ecological Processes

Microorganisms are critically important for ecological processes in aquatic environments. Bacteria and viruses are key components of the microbial loop and are central for biogeo‐ chemical cycles in aquatic ecosystems. Our group has been using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to study aquatic microorganisms in both natural tropical ecosystems and cultures. In this review, we highlight structural aspects of freshwater bacteria, based on TEM findings that have provided insights into the functional capabilities of these cells in aquatic tropical ecosystems. First, we focus on TEM applied to the study of the ultra‐ structural diversity and morphological alterations of bacteria in response to environmen‐ tal stress. Second, we address the relationship between viruses and bacteria in freshwater ecosystems. Third, we demonstrate by TEM that outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), struc‐ tures associated with cell secretion and cell communication, are released by aquatic bacte‐ ria into natural ecosystems and cultures. Thus, TEM has proven to be a powerful technique to study aquatic microorganisms, contributing to the understanding of ecologi‐ cal processes, including regulation of bacterial populations, during different environmen‐ tal conditions. important microorganisms is still incomplete. It is unknown how bacteria differ in their cellular architecture and respond at the structural level to abiotic and biotic stress in aquatic environ‐ ments. This knowledge is essential for an integrative understanding of the bacterial physiology and ecology. TEM has helped to elucidate the internal organization of aquatic bacteria at the nanometer scale. Earlier views of the ultrastructure of these microorganisms, considered in the past as cells with a very simple structure, are now being expanded to encompass a new understanding of their multifunctional activities and cellular complexity. Our results from environmental and culture-based TEM studies have revealed an ultrastructurally diverse population of bacteria in freshwater ecosystems, characterized by distinct cytoplasmic and external structures. The recognition that these microorganisms have cytoplasmic membranes and are able to release membrane-bound vesicles may be crucial to the understanding of their functional capabilities. Several aspects of the bacteria life remain to be defined. For example, it is not understood how bacteria interact with each other in aquatic ecosystems. Is there a regulated vesicular transport-mediated secretion from/to bacterium? If yes, can this pathway be blocked or stimulated by a cell stressor? These and other aspects, including the bacterial responses to several environmental stresses, mechanisms of bacterial cell death and the bacteria—viruses interaction, need to be investigated in more detail so that the functional significance of bacteria and other microorganisms from aquatic ecosystems can be fully appreciated as critical regulators of ecological processes.