Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crown development in tropical rain forest trees: patterns with tree height and light availability

1 Monitoring of two canopy species Dicorynia guianensis and Vouacapoua americana (Caesalpiniaceae) in a tropical rain forest in French Guiana was used to investigate vegetative crown development at five organizational levels: leaf, metamer, extension unit, sympodial unit and whole crown. The effects of light availability and tree height on different traits were evaluated in trees < 25 m in height and compared with taller individuals (25–37 m). Path‐analysis is used to illustrate the consequences of trait changes at multiple levels of organization for the whole crown level. 2 Tree height and canopy openness influenced crown development at each organizational level. Crowns in higher light levels had lower specific leaf area, greater leaf spacing, greater extension of all branches, and greater extension of the leader shoot. With increasing tree height, crowns had a lower specific leaf area, greater leaf area index and greater relative crown depth. 3 Vouacapoua showed some responses to light not seen in Dicorynia. In particular, Vouacapoua increased meristem activity with light, but the lack of response in Dicorynia may be due to moderate light levels rather than inability to respond. 4 Low leaf‐display costs at low light availability may enable trees to survive light suppression. 5 Light availability cannot explain trait changes with tree height. Alternative explanations for trait changes with tree height are discussed. 6 Several of the relationships between plant traits and tree height or canopy openness became non‐linear when taller trees (25–37 m) were included. In these taller trees, vegetative growth was reduced at all organizational levels, particularly in Vouacapoua, which does not grow as tall as Dicorynia. 7 Qualitatively, plant responses to light did not differ between trees of different height, and were similar to seedling and sapling data in the literature. Responses were, however, quantitatively different, suggesting that small saplings cannot serve as model organisms for crown development in taller trees.
The Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients: translation into Norwegian, cultural adaptation, and examination of reliability

Abstract Background: To translate the Modified Swedish version of Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (SwePASS) into Norwegian (SwePASS-NV) and assess its intra- and interrater reliability. Methods: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation was accomplished according to international guidelines. Forty-seven adults, suffering a stroke within the last 6 months, were strategically recruited and allocated into groups according to five different levels of function. Their performance on SwePASS-NV was video-recorded and then scored by three raters twice, with a minimum of 4 weeks between sessions. Relative reliability was investigated by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC1.1 and ICC3.1). Absolute reliability was analysed using within-subject SD (Sw) and smallest detectable difference (SDD). For individual items, Cohen’s kappa (k) and percentage of agreement were calculated. Results: The study showed excellent intra- and interrater reliability (ICC1.1 and ICC3.1 ≥0.99) for SwePASS-NV. K-values for the individual items ranged between 0.68 and 1.00. Percentages of agreement ranged from 77% to 100%. SDD at 95% confidence interval was ≤2 points for intrarater assessments and ≤3 points for interrater assessments. Conclusions: This study demonstrated very high intra- and interrater reliability of the SwePASS-NV in adults within the first 6 months after stroke. All items showed very high or high agreement.
Classical and Bayesian Approaches to the Change-Point Problem: Fixed Sample and Sequential Procedures.

Abstract : The change-point problem can be considered one of the central problems of statistical inference, linking together statistical control theory, theory of estimation and testing hypotheses, classical and Bayesian approaches, fixed sample and sequential procedures. It is very often the case that observations are taken sequentially over time, or can be intrinsically ordered in some other fashion. The basic question is, therefore, whether the observations represent independent and identically distributed random variables, or whether at least one change in the distribution law has taken place. This is the fundamental problem in the statistical control theory, testing the stationarity of stochastic processes, estimation of the current position of a time-series, etc. Accordingly, a survey of all the major developments in statistical theory and methodology connected with the very general outlook of the change-point problem, would require review of the field of statistical quality control, the switching regression problems, inventory and queueing control, etc. The present review paper is therefore focused on methods developed during the last two decades for the estimation of the current position of the mean function of a sequence of random variables (or of a stochastic process); testing the null hypothesis of no change among given n observations, against the alternative of at most one change; the estimation of the location of the change-point(s) and some sequential detection procedures.
NANOEMULSIONS: PREPARATION, STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS

Background and Objectives: Recently, due to the interest of healthy lifestyle demand for research on novel methods of increasing the shelf-life of food products without the necessity of using preservatives has extended rapidly in the world. Ability of nanoemulsions to improve global food quality has attracted great attention in food preservation. This is as a result of a number of attributes peculiar to nanoemulsions such as optical clarity, ease of preparation, thermodynamic stability and increased surface area. This review discusses the potential food applications of nanoemulsions as vehicles for the delivery of antimicrobial compounds. Moreover, the preparation, structure, and functional properties of nanoemulsions and their antimicrobial effects on foodborne pathogens and biofilms will be reviewed in detail. Antimicrobial nanoemulsions are formulated from the antimicrobial compounds that are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in foods. Results and Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity of nanoemulsions is nonspecific, unlike that of antibiotics, thus they have a broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activity against bacteria (e.g., Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus), enveloped viruses (e.g., HIV, and herpes simplex), fungi (e.g., Candida, Dermatophytes), and spores (e.g., anthrax) at concentrations that are nontoxic in animals (while limiting the capacity for the generation of resistance) and kill pathogens by interacting with their membranes. This physical kill-on-contact mechanism significantly reduces the possibility of the emergence of resistant strains. In general, more research is needed to improve the application processes of antimicrobial nanoemulsion, especially sensory aspects, to be appropriate for each product. Conflict of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
ICOBAME ISBN: 978-979-3649-77-1 INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP, MOTIVATION AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES AT MUAMALAT BANK BRANCH SEMARANG AgusMurdiyanto

The biggest challenge in the era of globalization and free market competition is so tight is not limited by the time and place, it should be addressed proactively by professionals both internally and externally. One of the internal factors that can be controlled and be the deciding factor in order to keep the company growing and winning a competition is human resources. This research aimed to analyze the influence of leadership, work motivation and career development on performance. The research sample is Bank Muamalat branch of Semarang. The primary data collected with the distribution of questionnaires to respondents. Data were analyzed by descriptive method for analyzing quantitative data and stated with qualitative. Then to interpretation the results of calculation and complete the picture obtained from the analysis of qualitative data to solve the problems examined. Methods of data analysis using multiple linear regression with SPSS regression coefficient test results Leadership (X1) 0.302, Motivation (X2) 0.378 and Career Development (X3) 0.537, the positive three significantly to performance. Therefore, it can be concluded that the leadership and can be effect significant positively on performance, motivation positive and significant impact to the performance and career development is also positive and significant impact on performance. Results Adjusted R Square of 0.79. means 79% of the performance variation can be explained by the three independent variables. The ANOVA test results obtained the F value of 83.847 count with the significance of 0.00, so it concluded simultaneously leadership, motivation and career development affect on the performance or the model that is in use either.
Levels of Adenosine Deaminase and Dipep dyl Pep dase IV in Pa ents with Panic Disorder

Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 2008; Turkish Journal of Psychiatry Objective: Adenosine deaminase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV are enzymes connected to T cells that play an important role in immune system functioning. In this study, in order to understand the immune processes in panic disorder, we determined the serum levels of adenosine deaminase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV in medication-free panic disorder patients and compared them to those of healthy controls. Method: Enzymes levels were determined in blood samples of 24 healthy controls and 33 panic disorder patients diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV that were medication free during the previous month and medically healthy. Results: Levels of both enzymes were significantly higher in panic disorder patients than in the controls (P < 0.001 for adenosine deaminase and P < 0.05 for dipeptidyl peptidase IV). The levels of the enzymes did not correlate with sociodemographic variables, duration of the disorder, presence of agoraphobia, presence of stressors, number of panic attack symptoms, and Hamilton depression and anxiety rating scale scores. In addition, the 2 enzymes’ levels did not correlate with each other. There was a correlation between Hamilton anxiety rating scale score and the number of panic attack symptoms (P < 0.001); however, Hamilton anxiety rating scale scores were not correlated with the other variables. Conclusion: Our results suggest that there may be a primary or secondary impaired immune state in the course of panic disorder, as there is in many other psychiatric disorders, such as major depression. Future studies with larger samples are needed to clarify the relationship between the immune system and panic disorder.
2 3 A ug 2 01 8 A two-dimensional arithmetic André-Oort problem

We describe a problem of André-Oort type, à la Edixhoven-Richard, in dimension two, one of these dimensions being arithmetic, the dimension of the base Z. We corner the supersingular case, in varying characteristic, as the non-trivial sub-case. We solve our problem, approaching the issue via some equidistribution properties, in the spirit of Michel, but uniformly in the characteristic. We shift the problem into bounds on Fourier coefficients of some theta series of ternary quadratic forms, and related modular forms. We then rely on two arguments. On the one hand on the work of Iwaniec, Duke and Schulze-Pillot on sub-convexity bounds together with a Petersson norm estimate of Duke for ternary theta series. On the other hand on an ad hoc argument, combining Hermite systole bound with Dirichlet bounds on binary theta series.
The residual effect of fertilizer application of granulated organic-mineral fertilizers formed from spent mushroom substrate on pH of soil

Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) were used to formed granulated organic-mineral fertilizers. Four granulated organic-mineral fertilizers were formed from Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC) before granulation supplemented by mineral fertilizers (urea, single superphosphate, K salt, ammonium saltpeter, ammonium sulfate). Two granulated organic-mineral fertilizers were based on compost from Spent Mushroom Compost and sewage sludge and one of them was supplemented by ammonium sulfate before granulation. The pH-value of the fertilizers range from 6.17 to 6.94. Fertilizers and composted Spent Mushroom Substrate are using on two doses on account of applied nitrogen content, these doses are 100 and 200 kg N ha-1. 10 fertilizers combinations on four replications are used in experiment. These organic-mineral fertilizers were applied just before planting first test plant – common cabbage. Second test plant – corn and third test plant – oat were grown without fertilization in these same vases-ground. Organic-mineral fertilizers are excellent source of macronutrients (22.0-83.0 g N∙ kg-1, 6.70-18.50 g P∙ kg-1, 2.70-27.0 g K∙ kg-1, 41.1-71.3 g Ca∙ kg-1, 3.1-4.3 g Mg kg-1, 18.7-101.6 g S∙ kg-1) and organic matter (182.8-411.3 g Corg ∙ kg-1). After application the residual effect on pH of soil was observed. The soil pH-value on every object with fertilization was changed compare to control object without fertilization. Increased pH-value first year (5.35-5.92), second year (4.71-5.19) and third year (4.28-4.71). After harvest were collected samples of soil, prepared to physical and chemical analyses and estimated pH-value of soil. Statgraphics 4.0. program was using to statistic data processing of the results.
THE CITY AS AN ENVIRONMENT FOR RADICAL CHANGE: THE CASE OF LOW-CARBON URBAN MOBILITY

In recent years several scholars have tried to analyse the future of the transport sector, with the aim of understanding how its environmental impacts may be reduced drastically: midand long-term scenarios have been developed in order to select those policies which can de-carbonize transport activities (Hickman and Banister, 2007; Bristow et al., 2008; Lutsey and Sperling, 2009; Mc Collum and Yang, 2009); both car and post-car futures have been discussed in detail by economists, planners, sociologists, technologists (Dennis and Urry, 2009; Sperling and Gordon, 2009; Mees, 2010; Wells, 2010; Zapata and Nieuwenhuis, 2010); some of these future studies have explicitly considered the interaction of economic, institutional and technological variables in the transition towards more sustainable transport systems (Hoogma et al., 2002; Elzen et al., 2004; Kemp and Rotmans, 2004; Nykvist and Whitmarsh, 2008; Vergragt and Brown, 2007); others have focussed on the crucial role played by dominant actors in the generation of – and resistance to – incremental and radical transport innovations (Kendall, 2008; Freyssenet, 2009; van Bree et al., 2010).
DNA extraction methods and PCR primers for detection of uanglongbing-associated bacteria from roots of ‘ Valencia ’ sweet range on sour orange rootstock adhurababu Kunta

Fibrous root samples from Huanglongbing symptomatic (S) and asymptomatic (AS) ‘Valencia’ sweet orange trees (Citrus sinensis) grafted onto sour orange (C. aurantium) rootstock were analyzed using different DNA extraction procedures and primers to detect Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. Root sampling procedure was modified from the conventional use of soil probe to reduce fatigue, and to facilitate sample collection. DNA extraction kits including Qiagen DNeasy, Mo Bio PowerSoil and PowerPlant generated root DNA suitable for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic assays. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) using HLBaspr primers and probe on root DNA extracts from a total of 206 samples from 60 AS trees showed unreliable results for the presence of Ca. L. asiaticus. Except for one sample, all the remaining samples gave negative qPCR result using LJ900fpr primers and probe. Further analysis of roots samples from S and AS trees indicate that HLBaspr is not suitable for Ca. L. asiaticus diagnosis in root samples. Leaf samples from all 60 AS trees showed negative qPCR result with HLBaspr. Conventional PCR (cPCR) using OI1/OI2c primers on 10 randomly selected root samples, from the 206 samples, produced non-specific amplification products which were easily distinguished from products specific to Ca. L. asiaticus seen in the positive control. The same root samples did not produce any amplification product in cPCR using A2/J5 primers. Any of the above mentioned cPCR or qPCR assays could accurately detect Ca. L. asiaticus in S leaf samples of Ca. L. asiaticus-infected trees. Root samples from 10 (5 S and 5 AS) additional trees analyzed by cPCR using A2/J5 and Las606/LSS primers and qPCR using LJ900fpr and CQULA (CQULA04F/CQULA04R, and TaqMan probe CQULAP10) clearly showed that all these primers are efficient in detecting Ca. L. asiaticus in root samples. There was no difference in frequency and consistency of Ca. L. asiaticus detection for root samples collected near the tree trunk compared to the roots collected about 1.8 m from the trunk. Ca. L. americanus was not detected in either root or leaf samples. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PUPT-2536 CALT-TH 2017-054 Double-Trace Flows and the Swampland

We explore the idea that large N , non-supersymmetric conformal field theories with a parametrically large gap to higher spin single-trace operators may be obtained as infrared fixed points of relevant double-trace deformations of superconformal field theories. After recalling the AdS interpretation and some potential pathologies of such flows, we introduce a concrete example that appears to avoid them: the ABJM theory at finite k, deformed by ∫ O, where O is the superconformal primary in the stress-tensor multiplet. We address its relation to recent conjectures based on weak gravity bounds, and discuss the prospects for a wider class of similarly viable flows. Next, we proceed to analyze the spectrum and correlation functions of the putative IR CFT, to leading non-trivial order in 1/N . This includes analytic computations of the change under double-trace flow of connected fourpoint functions of ABJM superconformal primaries; and of the IR anomalous dimensions of infinite classes of double-trace composite operators. These would be the first analytic results for anomalous dimensions of finite-spin composite operators in any large N CFT3 with an Einstein gravity dual. ar X iv :1 70 9. 09 15 9v 2 [ he pth ] 4 O ct 2 01 7
ANN, SVM and KNN Classifiers for Prognosis of Cardiac Ischemia- A Comparison

This research work provides the comparison of performance of Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support vector machine (SVM) and K-Nearest-Neighbour (KNN) models for cardiac ischemia classification. The novelty of this work is to develop an ANN, SVM and KNN model for classification of cardiac ischemia based on morphological changes in ECG signals. ST-depression, ST-elevation and T- wave inversion changes in ECG signal are the early indicators of cardiac ischemia. Ischemic beats are classified from normal beats using morphological features extracted from ECG beat. The proposed ANN, SVM and KNN models receive the morphological features extracted from preprocessed ECG beat. The performance of all models are compared and validated on physiobank database in terms of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The results of this study exhibits that the proposed ANN based model has great potential than that of SVM and KNN classifiers for classification of cardiac ischemia.
Analysis of Interdependencies Between Students’ Emotions, Learning Productivity, Academic Achievements and Physiological Parameters

Daugybė pasaulyje atliktų tyrimų nagrinėja tarpusavio priklausomybe tarp studentų mokymosi produktyvumo, mokymosi įdomumo, emocinės ir psichologinės būsenos bei fiziologinių parametrų. Emocinė būsena ir mokymosi įdomumas lemia mokymosi produktyvumą, o tai matoma is fiziologinių parametrų kitimo. Straipsnyje aptariami ir sisteminami įvairių autorių tyrimų rezultatai, nagrinėjama, kaip teigiamos ir neigiamos emocijos lemia mokymosi produktyvumą, kokie fiziologiniai parametrai turi būti analizuojami produktyvumo įvertinimui. Nustacius siuos tarpusavyje susijusius parametrus ir panaudojant jų analize galima gerinti studentų akademinius pasiekimus. Straipsnis anglų kalba
RADON 222 AND TROPOSPHERIC VERTICAL TRANSPORT.

Radon 222 is an inert gas whose loss is due only to radioactive decay with a half life of 3. 83 days (5. 51-day 'exponential' lifetime). It is a very useful tracer of continental air because only ground level continental sources are significant. Previously published measured **2**2**2Rn profiles are analyzed here by averaging for the summer, winter, and spring-fall seasons. The analysis shows that in summer, about 55% of the **2**2**2Rn is transported above the planetary boundary layer, considerably more than during the other seasons. Similarly, in summer, about 20% rises to over 5. 5 km (500 mbar). The average profiles have been used to derive vertical eddy diffusion coefficients with maximum values of 5-7 multiplied by 10**5 cm**2 s** minus **1 in the midtroposphere and 8 multiplied by 10**3 to 5 multiplied by 10**4 cm**2 s** minus **1 near the surface.
IS MANAGERIAL ENTRENCHMENT ALWAYS BAD? A CSR APPROACH †

In this paper, we argue that managerial entrenchment may be positive when there is excessive external pressure from financial markets. In these situations, managers have more freedom to implement value-enhancing strategies, such those related to corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. This is a good-type of entrenchment. On the other hand, when the external pressure is not so high, given that the pressure is from inside the firm, managerial entrenchment is bad and the use of CSR investments may exacerbate the agency problem. We prove this claim in an empirical study conducted of 279 international firms that operate in 22 different countries for the period 2002-2005. These firms participate in two different institutional contexts: that of the Anglo-Saxon countries, where the pressure of financial markets is intensive, or that of the Continental European countries in which the corporate control mechanisms are mainly internal.
BIOSORPTION OF CR (III) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS USING INDIGENOUS BIOMATERIALS

In the present study, an indigenous medicinal plant, Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae) was used as bioadsorbent for the removal of Cr (III) ions from synthetic wastewater and the method was also applied for real sample analysis. The biosorption of Cr (III) was a two-stage batch reactor process. In the first stage, raw biomaterial was used to the conversion of Cr (VI) into Cr (III). The amount of the biomaterial was 2.5g. The percent conversion was 100. The second stage involved the biosorption of Cr (III) onto the activated carbon of the biomaterial. The result indicated that, the biosorption of Cr (III) was 98.5 % at the optimum pH of 3.2. The experiments were carried out at the temperature of 25 ± 2 0 C. The optimum contact time was 150 min and the adsorbent dose was 2.5g of activated carbon. The effect of concentration was also studied for the design of the treatment systems and this methodology is highly suitable for the treatment of chromium containing wastewater.