Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VIOLAÇÃO E RECUPERAÇÃO DA CONFIANÇA DO CLIENTE APÓS O DUPLO DESVIO

RESUMO A fim de compreender melhor o fenomeno da violacao e recuperacao da confianca no contexto de trocas entre clientes e empresas, este ensaio teorico objetiva discutir o impacto do duplo desvio na confianca, a possibilidade de recuperacao da confianca apos o duplo desvio e taticas que podem ser utilizadas para recuperar a confianca apos a ocorrencia deste fenomeno. Para tanto, a diferenca entre a violacao da confianca apos a ocorrencia da falha no servico e aquela ocorrida apos a recuperacao malsucedida da falha (i.e., duplo desvio) e discutida. Acredita-se que o duplo desvio, por implicar uma violacao severa da confianca existente, pode aumentar a erosao da confianca gerada apos a falha original do servico (desvio simples). A seguir, proposicoes de pesquisa incluindo as promessas de nao recorrencia das falhas e o pedido de desculpas como taticas para recuperar a confianca do cliente apos o duplo desvio sao apresentadas, com base na logica da utilizacao de pistas e na teoria da atribuicao. As proposicoes de pesquisa elencadas neste ensaio sao teoricamente significativas e empiricamente testaveis. Como tais, elas oferecem uma fundamentacao solida para se iniciar um programa de pesquisa sobre a violacao e recuperacao da confianca do consumidor apos processos de recuperacao de falhas malsucedidos.
20 years of decision making and decision support research published by the Journal of Decision Systems

This issue of the Journal of Decision Systems marks, with a slight delay (the first issue of the year was special issue edited by two guest editors), the occasion of the 20 anniversary of JDS, which was created in 1992 by Jean-Charles Pomerol and produced over 20 volumes of four issues each published by Hermes/Lavoisier, Paris. This amounts to over 500 articles, dedicated to the advancement of our understanding of decision making and how to support it, contributed by researchers from all over the world, but mostly from Europe and Africa. Over the period, half the papers were written in French and half in English, although recently the proportion of papers in English is increasing, with a growing proportion of researchers from Francophone communities electing to publish their research in English.
Physical fitness and insulin sensitivity in human subjects with a low insulin response to glucose.

1. We have assessed insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, exercise capacity and muscle fibre composition in healthy men with a low insulin response to glucose (low insulin responders and endurance-trained subjects) and in healthy men with a normally high insulin response. Low insulin responders have been considered as prediabetic subjects. 2. During glucose infusion, low insulin responders and endurance-trained subjects had acute-phase (0-10 min) insulin responses that were 26% (P < 0.001) and 31% (P < 0.001), and C-peptide responses that were 35% (P < 0.001) and 42% (P < 0.01), respectively of the responses in high insulin responders. Also, the late-phase (10-60 min) insulin and C-peptide responses were lower in low insulin responders and endurance-trained subjects. Endurance-trained subjects, compared with high and low insulin responders, had higher insulin sensitivity (blood glucose concentration during a somatostatin-insulin-glucose infusion test 3.6 +/- 0.4 versus 6.3 +/- 0.6 mmol/l in high insulin responders, P < 0.01, and 5.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/l in low insulin responders, P < 0.01), exercise capacity (4.2 +/- 0.2 versus 3.0 +/- 0.2 W/kg body weight, P < 0.001, and 2.8 +/- 0.1 W/kg body weight, P < 0.001) and a higher percentage of slow-twitch fibres (58.2 +/- 5.2 versus 38.5 +/- 3.5%, P < 0.01 and 40.9 +/- 3.0%, P < 0.001). 3. In conclusion, we demonstrate that low insulin responders exhibited decreased insulin and C-peptide responses to glucose, despite normal insulin sensitivity and exercise capacity. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Modulation of arterial baroreflex dynamic response during muscle metaboreflex activation in humans

We aimed to investigate the interaction between the arterial baroreflex and muscle metaboreflexes (as reflected by alterations in the dynamic responses shown by muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR)) in humans. In nine healthy subjects (eight male, one female) who performed a sustained 1 min handgrip exercise at 50 % maximal voluntary contraction followed by forearm occlusion, a 5 s period of neck pressure (NP) (30 and 50 mmHg) or neck suction (NS)(‐30 and ‐60 mmHg) was used to evaluate carotid baroreflex function at rest (CON) and during post‐exercise muscle ischaemia (PEMI). In PEMI (as compared with CON): (a) the augmentations in MSNA and MAP elicited by 50 mmHg NP were both greater; (b) MSNA seemed to be suppressed by NS for a shorter period, (c) the decrease in MAP elicited by NS was smaller, and (d) MAP recovered to its initial level more quickly after NS. However, the HR responses to NS and NP were not different between PEMI and CON. These results suggest that during muscle metaboreflex activation, the dynamic arterial baroreflex response is modulated, as exemplified by the augmentation of the MSNA response to arterial baroreflex unloading (i.e. NP) and the reduction in the suppression of MSNA induced by baroreceptor stimulation (i.e. NS).
Effect of notoginsenoside R1 on the synthesis of components of the fibrinolytic system in cultured smooth muscle cells of human pulmonary artery.

We have previously reported that notoginsenoside R1 (NG-R1) increases the synthesis of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and decreases plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity in cultured human endothelial cells from different vascular sources. It was the aim of this study to investigate whether the effect of NG-R1 on the synthesis of components of the fibrinolytic system is also operative in another cell type of the blood vessel wall, the smooth muscle cell. Therefore cultured human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) were treated with NG-R1. When the HPASMCs (passage 4 or 5) were conditioned with NG-R1, a dose (0.01-100 micrograms NG-R1/ml for 24 hrs.) dependent increase in t-PA an u-PA synthesis was observed, which was significant from 1 microgram NG-R1/ml on. t-PA antigen increased from 2.4 +/- 0.1 to 4.7 +/- 0.5 ng/10(5) cells/24 hrs. ; u-PA antigen increased from 1.8 +/- 0.1 to 3.0 +/- 0.4 ng/10(5) cells/24 hrs. In contrast no change in PAI-1 antigen synthesis was seen in the conditioned media from NG-R1 treated HPASMCs. On Northern blot analysis of mRNA obtained from NG-R1-stimulated and control HPASMCs NG-R1 induced a significant increases in mRNA levels of t-PA and u-PA (180% and 200% of control value, respectively) at 100 micrograms NG-R1/ml while PAI-1 mRNA decreased slightly. In conclusion our data give evidence that NG-R1 can increase the fibrinolytic potential in cultured HPASMCs in vitro by increasing the production of t-PA and u-PA. If operative in vivo this effect of NG-R1 on the fibrinolytic system of SMCs might also contribute to the effect of the Chinese herb drug Panax notoginseng in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Analog laser predistortion for multiservice radio-over-fiber systems

We have developed some low-cost predistortion circuits to compensate second- and third-order laser distortions in multiservice radio-over-fiber industrial systems. Depending on the predistorter configuration implemented, average reductions of 10-15 dB and of 8-10 dB have been observed in the laser second- and third-order distortions, respectively, within the cellular bands relevant to the European TETRA, GSM, and DCS standards. In particular, the development of the prototypes here illustrated is based on a new and original procedure that formalizes and suitably integrates in a sinergistic way modeling, design, and experimental activities.
Efficient extreme classification

Dans cette these, nous proposons des methodes a faible complexite pour la classification en presence d'un tres grand nombre de categories. Ces methodes permettent d'accelerer la prediction des classifieurs afin des les rendre utilisables dans les applications courantes. Nous proposons deux methodes destinees respectivement a la classification monolabel et a la classification multilabel. La premiere methode utilise l'information hierarchique existante entre les categories afin de creer un representation binaire compact de celles-ci. La seconde approche , destinee aux problemes multilabel adpate le framework des Filtres de Bloom a la representation de sous ensembles de labels sous forme de de vecteurs binaires sparses. Dans chacun des cas, des classifieurs binaires sont appris afin de predire les representations des categories/labels et un algorithme permettant de retrouver l'ensemble de categories pertinentes a partir de la representation predite est proposee. Les methodes proposees sont validees par des experience sur des donnees de grandes echelles et donnent des performances superieures aux methodes classiquement utilisees pour la classification extreme.
Groundwater and Ecosystem Services : towards their sustainable use

Ecosystem services are increasingly recognised as important assets for sustainable development. A close interdependency between ecosystem services and groundwater exists. On the one hand, these services depend directly on the functioning of ecosystems such as wetlands, forests, lakes and coastal areas which derive freshwater for their functioning from sub-surface water, including groundwater. On the other hand, groundwater resources are dependent on recharge through infiltration of rainwaters. The rate and quality of recharge is amongst others determined by the type and spatial configuration of ecosystems. The close linkages between groundwater and ecosystem services are often not recognised and under valued. In this paper these relationships are clarified and an indication of their value is provided. Furthermore, a number of options for sustainable management of ecosystems services and groundwater are put forward.
Apparent mass distribution at the feet of standing subjects exposed to whole-body vibration

This study was carried out to investigate the influence of the body posture and of the foot support on the apparent mass distribution at the feet of standing subjects exposed to whole-body vibration. The apparent mass was measured at the driving point through a capacitive pressure sensor matrix, which allowed to separate the contributions of the different foot regions. The overall value was also determined using a conventional measurement system based on piezoelectric load cells. Ten male subjects performed 15 tests with three kinds of feet supports (flat rigid, anatomic rigid and flat soft) in five different postures. Static components of the pressure measurements were exploited to identify which fraction of the weight is supported by the rearfoot, the midfoot and the forefoot in the various test configurations. Factorial design of experiments on different response variables showed that the apparent mass is affected by the posture but not by the type of feet contact surface; conversely, the presence of insoles varies with the apparent mass distribution on the different feet parts. Practitioner Summary: The response of standing subjects to whole-body vibration has always been considered as a global parameter measured at the driving point, neglecting the local phenomena occurring in different foot parts. We have experimentally identified the apparent mass distribution of subjects in different standing postures and with different foot supports.
An Emerging Role for Galectins in Tuning the Immune Response: Lessons from Experimental Models of Inflammatory Disease, Autoimmunity and Cancer

Inflammation is a critical process for eliminating pathogens, but can lead to serious deleterious effects if left unchecked. Identifying the endogenous factors that control immune tolerance and inflammation is a key goal in the field of immunology. Galectins, a family of endogenous lectins with affinity for β‐galactoside‐containing oligosaccharides, are expressed by several cells of the immune system and tissue‐resident stromal cells. According to their architecture, this family of glycan‐binding proteins is classified in those containing one‐carbohydrate‐recognition domain (CRD) (proto‐type), those containing two‐CRD joined by a linker non‐lectin domain (tandem‐repeat) and those that have one‐CRD attached to an N‐terminal peptide (chimera‐type). Accumulating evidence indicates that galectins play critical regulatory roles in immune cell response and homeostasis. In this review, we summarize recent developments in our understanding of the galectins’ roles within different immune cell compartments, and in the broader context of the inflammatory microenvironments. In particular we illustrate the immunoregulatory role of three representative members of each galectin subfamily: galectin‐1, ‐3 and ‐9. This body of knowledge, documenting the coming of age of galectins as potential immunosuppressive agents or targets for anti‐inflammatory drugs, represents a sound basis to further explore their potential as novel therapies for autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation and cancer.
Transforming DNA sequences present in human prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors.

Five human PRL-secreting pituitary tumors were tested for the presence of DNA-transforming sequences. After calcium phosphate transfection to NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblast cells, DNA samples derived from two prolactinomas induced foci of morphologically transformed cells which subsequently grew in soft agar. After retransfection of transformant DNA, resulting secondary transformants elicited rapidly growing solid tumors in nude mice. Southern analysis of transformant DNA revealed the integration of Alu-positive human DNA sequences into the mouse fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells, as judged by hybridization to a Blur-8 probe. The Alu signal became increasingly more difficult to detect with the multiple passaging (greater than 20) of transformant cells in culture. Alu polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was, therefore, used to selectively amplify human DNA sequences from the NIH-3T3 rodent background. PCR using a human Alu-specific primer resulted in amplification of an Alu-containing DNA region within these transformants. The transformant DNA did not hybridize to human genomic probes for genes known to evoke focus formation in this assay, including H-ras, K-ras, N-ras, trk, ret, ros, or met. Further identification of the Alu-containing region revealed that it contained sequences from the human hst gene, a member of the fibroblast growth factor family. The presence of human hst was demonstrated by strong hybridization to a 40-mer oligonucleotide probe to the second exon of hst, by amplification of this region with human hst-nested amplimers within the first and second introns, and finally by direct sequencing. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ANaLISE DE POSSaVEL CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE AS CARACTERaSTICAS MORFOLÓGICAS DO COLMO DO MILHO E O ACAMAMENTO

O acamamento na cultura do milho causa severos danos ao rendimento e a qualidade dos graos e, isto tem chamado a atencao de agronomos e melhoristas que trabalham com o grao nas varias partes do mundo. Anualmente, estimam-se perdas de 5 a 20% na producao mundial de milho devido ao acamamento. Este trabalho foi conduzido objetivando avaliar os efeitos do diâmetro e da espessura da parede do colmo do milho, sobre a porcentagem de acamamento de plantas de milho. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com dez tratamentos e tres repeticoes, sendo que cada tratamento correspondia a um hibrido comercial. O colmo do milho possui secao transversal aproximadamente eliptica. No presente trabalho, foi avaliado o diâmetro maior (D1) e diâmetro menor (d1) do colmo, na posicao basal, posicao mediana e posicao superior do segundo entreno do colmo de milho. Para a espessura da parede, o colmo foi seccionado, e as medidas foram tomadas na regiao basal, mediana e superior do segundo entreno. Nao houve correlacao significativa para nenhuma das medidas em relacao ao acamamento entre hibridos.
The etiologic classification of epilepsy

The etiology of epilepsy is a major determinant of clinical course and prognosis, yet the current classifications of epilepsy do not list etiology in any detail. In this article, a classification (database) of the etiologies of epilepsy is proposed. In this scheme, the etiology of epilepsy is divided into four categories: idiopathic, symptomatic, provoked, and cryptogenic. These are defined and subcategories are proposed. A commentary addressing the following points is included: problems associated with assigning causation, symptomatic versus idiopathic epilepsy, focal versus generalized epilepsy, acquired epilepsy, acute symptomatic epilepsy, risk factor analysis, provoked epilepsy genetic and developmental epilepsy, and epilepsy as a disease not a symptom.
Expression and functional relevance of UGT1A4 in a cohort of human drug‐resistant epileptic brains

Brain drug bioavailability is regulated by the blood–brain barrier (BBB). It was recently suggested that cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes could act in concert with multidrug transporter proteins to regulate drug penetration and distribution into the diseased brain. The possibility that phase II metabolic enzymes could be expressed in the epileptic brain has been not evaluated. Phase II enzymes are involved in the metabolism of common antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).
Venous and Arterial Identity: A Role for Caveolae?

Venous and arterial identity is predetermined in the embryo, with embryonic vessels expressing Eph-B4 differentiating into veins and vessels expressing ephrin-B2 differentiating into arteries. The specialized membrane organelles lipid rafts and caveolae serve as localized domains for proteins to interact with one another and play a role in signal transduction and vesicular trafficking. Several tyrosine kinase membrane receptors, including Eph-B1, have been colocalized to caveolae. These data suggest that caveolae and Eph receptors may have coordinated roles in determining vessel identity, not only during embryogenesis but perhaps also during adult vascular remodeling and angiogenesis.
Effects of lactobacilli on yeast-catalyzed ethanol fermentations

Normal-gravity (22 to 24 degrees Plato) wheat mashes were inoculated with five industrially important strains of lactobacilli at approximately 10(5), approximately 10(6), approximately 10(7), approximately 10(8), and approximately 10(9) CFU/ml in order to study the effects of the lactobacilli on yeast growth and ethanol productivity. Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus #3, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lactobacillus fermentum were used. Controls with yeast cells but no bacterial inoculation and additional treatments with bacteria alone inoculated at approximately 10(7) CFU/ml of mash were included. Decreased ethanol yields were due to the diversion of carbohydrates for bacterial growth and the production of lactic acid. As higher numbers of the bacteria were produced (depending on the strain), 1 to 1.5% (wt/vol) lactic acid resulted in the case of homofermentative organisms. L. fermentum, a heterofermentative organism, produced only 0.5% (wt/vol) lactic acid. When L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, and L. fermentum were inoculated at approximately 10(6) CFU/ml, an approximately 2% decrease in the final ethanol concentration was observed. Smaller initial numbers (only 10(5) CFU/ml) of L. paracasei or Lactobacillus #3 were sufficient to cause more than 2% decreases in the final ethanol concentrations measured compared to the control. Such effects after an inoculation of only 10(5) CFU/ml may have been due to the higher tolerance to ethanol of the latter two bacteria, to the more rapid adaptation (shorter lag phase) of these two industrial organisms to fermentation conditions, and/or to their more rapid growth and metabolism. When up to 10(9) CFU of bacteria/ml was present in mash, approximately 3.8 to 7.6% reductions in ethanol concentration occurred depending on the strain. Production of lactic acid and a suspected competition with yeast cells for essential growth factors in the fermenting medium were the major reasons for reductions in yeast growth and final ethanol yield when lactic acid bacteria were present.
The Effect of Smart Phones' Application in Regular University English Class on Students' Learning Performance

We designed the web-based and client-responsive vocabulary drill resources targeted at the required new words and phrases from the English textbook of the university students, and let the students browse the web server and do the drill programs using their own smart phones via wireless network in the classroom for 10 to 20 minutes in every week's English class. The quasi experiment in one semester with this system resulted in the decrease of the grade mean distance from the treatment class to the control class in the regular exams, both with 98 students, from statistically significant level to not significant level. The grade means distance in vocabulary test from treatment class to control class was also decreased. Moreover, more students both from treatment class and from control class volunteered to use their smart phones to do the word drills.
The effects of localising cultural values on tourism destination websites on tourist's willingness to travel.

This paper discusses the effects the localisation of cultural values on tourism destination websites on user’s willingness to travel. First, a preliminary research was conducted in order to test and propose adaptations to Singh’s et al. (2005) framework of cultural values localisation on websites. Secondly, the authors conducted an experiment to test the localisation of cultural values on a website of a fictitious destination, developed for the purpose of this research and customised for the New Zealand audience. 400 respondents participated, performing tasks on the site and answering a survey. Results indicate that the exposure of opposite cultural values (i.e. reverse-localisation) to the target audience leads to a higher willingness to travel, contradicting previous works that supports the effectiveness of website localisation.
Aristolochic acid nephropathy: Harbinger of a global iatrogenic disease

This review constitutes an overview of our investigations of aristolochic acid nephropathy, a chronic kidney disease associated with carcinomas of the upper urinary tract. Our studies began by confirming the hypothesis that chronic dietary poisoning by aristolochic acid was responsible for endemic (Balkan) nephropathy. A unique TP53 mutational signature in urothelial tumors and the presence of aristolactam‐DNA adducts in the renal cortex, defined in the course of this research, proved to be robust biomarkers of exposure to this potent nephrotoxin and human carcinogen. Armed with this information, we used molecular epidemiologic approaches and novel mechanistic information to establish the causative role of aristolochic acid in upper urinary tract carcinoma in Taiwan, where one‐third of the population had been prescribed herbal remedies containing Aristolochia, and the recorded incidence of upper urinary tract cancers is the highest in the world. As traditional Chinese medicine is practiced similarly in Taiwan and China, it is likely that upper urinary tract carcinomas and their attendant aristolochic acid nephropathy are prevalent in China and other Asian countries where Aristolochia herbs have been used for centuries in the treatment and prevention of disease, creating a potential public health problem of considerable magnitude. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.