Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Forced swimming triggers vasopressin release within the amygdala to modulate stress‐coping strategies in rats

Previously, we have demonstrated that forced swimming triggers the release of arginine vasopressin (AVP) within the septum of rats, where AVP modulates stress‐coping strategies. The present study was designed to examine the effects of forced swimming on the release of AVP within the amygdala. Therefore, adult male Wistar rats were chronically implanted with a microdialysis probe aimed at the amygdala to monitor the local release of AVP under both resting and stress conditions. A 10‐min forced swimming session caused a significant increase in the extracellular AVP concentration (to 366 ± 90% of baseline; P < 0.05) within this brain area. In a subsequent experiment we investigated the physiological impact of the stressor‐induced release of AVP by administrating the AVP V1 receptor antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP into the amygdala via inverse microdialysis. Bilateral antagonist treatment modulated the behavioural response acutely by increasing the time the animals spent struggling and by reducing the time the animals floated. Our results demonstrate a significant activation of the vasopressinergic system within the amygdala in response to forced swimming. AVP released within the amygdala seems to be involved in the generation of passive coping strategies in stressful situations. Taken together with previous findings the results of the present study suggest that AVP is released within septum and amygdala to balance the behavioural response during forced swimming.
Relationships between Type a Behavior, Narcissism, and Maternal Closeness for College Students in Japan, the United States of America, and the People's Republic of China

The authors examined the relationships between Type A behavior and narcissism based on scores of college students in Japan, the United States of America, and the People's Republic of China. The scores on narcissism and Type A behavior differed significantly across the groups, being highest among the Chinese. In all three groups, the Type A scores were significantly and positively correlated with the scores on narcissism, and the latter were significantly and negatively correlated with the scores of mother's care. We refer in this study to cross-cultural comparisons from viewpoints of sociocultural and psychological family structure.
CoSDEO 2016 Keynote: A decade later — Challenges: Device-free passive localization for wireless environments

The proliferation of RF networks coupled with the diverse and growing set of mobile devices, opened the doors for a new class of context awareness through contact-free ambient sensing. Since our initial challenges paper in 2007, the field of device-free passive sensing has witnessed an exponential growth; covering areas such as intrusion detection, mobile healthcare, whole-home gesture recognition, traffic estimation, border protection, among others. In this talk, we give a holistic overview of the area of contact-free ambient sensing based on RF technology, highlighting how it evolved over a decade from binary-detection in controlled environments to commercial systems for border protection and smart homes. We also give insights about the current trends and possible future research challenges.
On the use of a metric-space search algorithm (AESA) for fast DTW-based recognition of isolated words

The approximating and eliminating search algorithm (AESA) presented was recently introduced for finding nearest neighbors in metric spaces. Although the AESA was originally developed for reducing the time complexity of dynamic time-warping isolated word recognition (DTW-IWR), only rather limited experiments had been previously carried out to check its performance in this task. A set of experiments aimed at filling this gap is reported. The main results show that the important features reflected in previous simulation experiments are also true for real speech samples. With single-speaker dictionaries of up to 200 words, and for most of the different speech parameterizations, local metrics, and DTW productions tested, the AEAS consistently found the appropriate prototype while requiring only an average of 7-12 DTW computations (94-96% savings for 200 words), with a strong tendency to need fewer computations if the samples are close to their corresponding prototypes. >
Posttransfusion Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis: Physicochemical Properties of Two Distinct Agents

Abstract Two separate and distinct episodes of non-At non-B hepatitis were induced in each of two chimpanzees by two inocula: one containing a chloroform-resistant agent and the other containing a chloroform-sensitive agent. Both agents were recovered from liver tissue and plasma obtained from a single chimpanzee during the acute and chronic phases of infection with a factor VIII concentrate, respectively. The chloroform-resistant agent did not cause unique changes in hepatocytes; in contrast, the chloroform-sensitive agent did induce the formation of cytoplasmic tubules, convoluted endoplasmic reticulum, and dense reticular inclusion bodies. The latter changes are similar in character to those induced in infected cells by some enveloped mammalian RNA viruses.
Guidelines for Smart Grid Cyber Security

Overview and document organization Executive Summary Chapter 1 – Cyber Security Strategy Chapter 2 – High Level Logical Architecture Chapter 3 – Privacy and the Smart Grid Chapter 4 – Logical Security Architecture Chapter 5 – High Level Security Requirements Chapter 6 – Cryptography and Key Management Chapter 7 – Vulnerability Classes Chapter 8 – Bottom-Up Security Analysis of the Smart Grid Chapter 9 – Research and Development Themes for Cyber Security in the Smart Grid Chapter 10 – Overview of Standards Review Chapter 11 – Key Power System Use Cases for Security Requirements Appendix A – State Laws – Smart Grid and Electricity Delivery Regulations Appendix B – Privacy Use Cases Work Details and Examples Appendix C – Privacy Related Definitions Appendix D – Crosswalk of Cyber Security Documents Appendix E – Example Security Technologies and Services to Meet the High Level Security Requirements Appendix F – Logical Architecture and Interfaces of the Smart Grid Appendix G – Analysis Matrix of Interface Categories [note: Table 3.1] Appendix H – Mappings to the High Level Security Requirements Appendix I – Glossary and Acronyms Appendix J – SGIP-CSWG Membership
Characterization of New Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) and Topoisomerase Genes in Fluoroquinolone- and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

ABSTRACT Fluoroquinolone- and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates harbor two new staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) elements that belong to class A, allotype 3 (SCCmec II-III), and to the new allotype 5 (SCCmec VII). Analysis of the complete nucleotide sequences of the topoisomerase loci gyrB/gyrA and grlB/grlA revealed mutations involved in fluoroquinolone resistance.
Formal verification of /spl mu/-charts

This paper describes an experiment in the formal verification of /spl mu/-charts, a Statechart-like language with instantaneous communication. Properties of /spl mu/-charts are verified using a theory of chart refinement. By modelling /spl mu/-charts in the language of CSP used here as a semantic metalanguage, chart refinement is reduced to CSP trace refinement, which allows verification to be executed automatically using the model-checker FDR. A detailed verification of a motor vehicle central locking system is used to illustrate this approach. Results so far are promising, with the augmentation of a Statechart-like language with a refinement theory offering a more integrated method of reactive system design.
Adjuvant polyarthritis. IV. Induction by a synthetic adjuvant: immunologic, histopathologic, and other studies.

A solution of an apparently nonimmunogenic synthetic compound, N,N-dioctadecyl-N',N'-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) propanediamine (CP-20961), suspended in mineral oil or olive oil (50 mg/ml), induced an acute, as well as a chronic, polyarthritis when single intradermal injections (0.2 ml) were made in the tail or hindpaw of Lewis rats. The polyarthritis was morphologically almost indistinguishable from classic adjuvant arthritis induced by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), a disease generally thought to be the result of a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to a constituent(s) of the injected tubercle bacilli. The disease induced by CP-20961 and that induced by Freund's complete adjuvant followed the same time course and almost identical pattern of development of clinical and histopathologic features. Like the classic adjuvant arthritis, CP-20961 induced arthritis is suppressed by an immunosuppressive agent (cyclophosphamide) or an antiinflammatory drug (phenylbutazone). The alkyldiamine (CP-20961) was found to be a potent adjuvant; a dispersion or a solution of the compound in mineral oil administered intraperitoneally enhanced the development of both the cell-mediated and the humoral immune responses to EL4 cells in the rat. These findings suggest that the immunogen responsible for the development of adjuvant arthritis is endogensou, e.g., a constituent of host tissue, a viral protein, or some complex of the two.
Corin is present in the normal human heart, kidney, and blood, with pro-B-type natriuretic peptide processing in the circulation.

BACKGROUND B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), which is activated in heart failure (HF), is processed to an active form by corin. The corin gene is expressed in the human heart and kidney, but corin protein expression in the heart, kidney, and circulation, along with whether proBNP is processed by circulating corin, remains unknown. METHODS We examined corin protein expression by immunostaining and Western blot in human heart and kidney, and we assessed the circulating corin concentration by ELISA. We examined histidine-tagged (His-tag) proBNP(1-108) processing in serum and plasma by immunoprecipitation and Western blot and sequenced the processed form. RESULTS Normal human heart and kidney displayed the presence of corin, especially in cells around the vasculature. Both corin and proBNP(1-108) were present in the plasma of healthy human subjects, with circulating corin significantly higher in men than women (P < 0.0001) and a positive correlation of corin to age (P = 0.0497, r = 0.27). In fresh normal plasma and serum, His-tag proBNP(1-108) was processed to a lower molecular weight form confirmed to be BNP. Processed BNP was higher in men than women (P = 0.041) and was positively correlated to plasma corin concentrations (P = 0.041, r = 0.65). CONCLUSIONS Our results support the concept that proBNP(1-108) may be processed outside of the heart in the circulation where the proprotein convertase is present. Moreover, sex may impact this process, since corin concentrations are higher in men. These findings may have important physiologic and pathophysiologic implications for the proBNP/corin system in the human.
Futures pricing in the Nordic electricity market

This master’s thesis examines the behavior of electricity spot and futures prices and the futures premium in the Nordic electricity market. The objective of the study is to identify, whether a nonzero futures premium exists in the Nordic electricity market, and to gauge its economic significance and the factors affecting its behavior. Furthermore, the forecasting ability of electricity futures over the future spot price is examined, and finally the existence of arbitrage opportunities is tested by constructing synthetic futures and comparing their prices with actual futures prices. The data in this study consists of daily electricity spot prices in the Nord Pool power exchange for years 2000 – 2011, and electricity futures price data for weekly, monthly, quarterly and yearly contracts during the same period. The price data is complemented by coal price data and Nordic level data on water reservoir levels and electricity demand, which are the variables used to examine the behavior of electricity prices and the futures premium. The results show that the futures premium in the Nordic electricity market is nonzero and positive for the time period 2000 2011, generally increasing with contract maturity. The futures premium exhibits very high variation, but on average the relative futures premium ranges from being close to zero with weekly futures to levels above 20 percent for yearly futures. The OLS regression analyses show that deviations from historical water reservoir levels have an inverse relationship with electricity spot and futures prices so that above average water reservoir levels have a negative impact on electricity prices, and vice versa. Coal price and the overall electricity demand exhibit a positive relationship with electricity prices, and the influence of all these physical factors diminishes with the futures’ time to maturity, being the strongest for shorter maturity futures and weak or inexistent for futures with longer maturities. On the contrary, deviations from historical water reservoir levels indicate a positive relationship with the futures premium, this relationship being negative for coal price and electricity demand. Furthermore, consistent with the expectations theory, electricity futures seem to possess strong explanatory power over the future spot price in the Nordic electricity market, whereas no evidence of time-varying risk premiums is found. Finally, the comparison of synthetic futures prices to actual futures prices reveals that with yearly futures the mean relative price difference is close to zero, indicating that no opportunities for arbitrage exist, but for quarterly and monthly futures the price difference is different from zero on average, reaching a maximum mean value of 2.0% for 1-month contracts. This indicates that opportunities for risk-free profits may exist for arbitrageurs using synthetic futures to mimic the actual futures contracts. These arbitrage opportunities continue to prevail when transaction costs are at levels below two percent of the futures price, although their economic significance is low.
Trust-to-Trust Design of a New Internet

The internet’s original design, guided by the end-to-end design principle, pushed all application-specific logic and complexity to the edges of the network and kept the core of the network focused on the simple task of delivering data. The original end-to-end principle, however, did not explicitly account for trust and security. There are several central points of trust and failure on the traditional internet. These include root servers for the Domain Name System (DNS) and public-key infrastructure like Certificate Authorities (CAs) that publish security certificates. Further, the success of cloud hosted services in the last decade means that most user data is stored on remote servers and end-users need to trust these remote servers for correct execution of their applications. In this thesis, we present a new internet architecture that explicitly follows the trust-totrust design principle, i.e., end-users don’t need to trust the core of the network for anything, and end-users can use applications and services in a fully decentralized way. We make the observation that cryptocurrency blockchains, like Bitcoin, can be used to bootstrap trust for new nodes joining a network. We identify the various limitations, like high latency and limited bandwidth, of contemporary blockchains and discuss how our architecture can scale by moving most operations outside of the blockchain layer. We detail our experience of running a large production system on top of a cryptocurrency blockchain and how that experience guided our design. We present the implementation of a new decentralized internet, called Blockstack, that takes the trust-to-trust architecture from a theoretical concept to a production system. Deploying new systems by modifying production blockchains is hard because it requires coordination and agreement from several parties. We introduce virtualchains, a virtual blockchain constructed by processing data from underlying blockchains, to enable the seamless introduction of new functionality on top of blockchains without requiring any consensus-breaking changes. Blockstack is already powering several fully decentralized applications, like OpenBazaar; it’s released as open-source software and, to date, more than 70,000 domains have been registered on it. iii
How does directors’ remuneration affect SMEs’ performance?

The purpose of this paper is to explain empirically the relationship between the remuneration levels of a sample of listed Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) directors and firm performance. The paper also investigates whether deviations from the optimal directors’ remuneration level reduce firm performance. The study uses a panel data regression analysis of 802 AIM-listed SMEs over an eight-year period (2005-2012). Using a non-linear approach, the results show that an optimum director’s remuneration level exist which results from comparing the benefits and costs of director’s remuneration. Hence, the paper does not only show how directors’ remuneration level affects firm performance, it also extends the stream of knowledge by indicating how a deviation from the optimal point influences UK-listed SMEs performance. Moreover, the results show that the effect of directors’ remuneration on firm performance is greater during financial crisis period. Compared with previous literature on directors’ remuneration, this paper focuses on AIM-listed SMEs and our finding of a concave relationship between directors’ remuneration level and performance of leads us to recommend that firms, especially SMEs should endeavour to determine the optimal level of directors’ remuneration to maximise performance.
Eco-labelling and sustainable fisheries

There is international consensus that many of the world's commercial fisheries are in distress. Eco-labelling schemes are increasingly perceived as a way to simultaneously maintain the productivity and economic value of fisheries while providing incentives for improved fisheries management and the conservation of marine biodiversity. This review provides an overview of issues to be addressed for effective fisheries eco-labelling schemes, targeting policy-makers, private industry and civil society (e.g.NGOs and community based and fishers' organisations)
Influence of freight transport purchasing processes on logistical variables related to CO2 emissions: a case study in Sweden

ABSTRACT Emissions from freight transport stem from logistical variables such as vehicle utilisation, fuel efficiency, and distance. The purpose is to determine how shippers’ freight transport purchasing processes influence logistical variables. A multiple case study of freight transport purchasing processes was conducted, based on interviews with transport purchasers and providers. Three causes of influence of shippers’ purchasing processes on logistical variables were found: specific requirements, network structure of transport providers, and scope of contract. Specifications by purchasers, especially time requirements, influence several logistical variables (‘mode used’, ‘length of haul’, ‘load factor’, ‘empty running’, and ‘fuel efficiency’). This paper clarifies the implications of transport purchasing on CO2 emissions in terms of logistical variables, which are understood in transportation research and practice. It describes the effects of shippers’ requirements on transport providers’ execution of transport. The results provide a foundation for shippers to discuss their influence on logistical variables with transport providers.
Impact of Service Quality on the Intent of Continuous Use of Railroad Logistics - Focusing on the Mediation Effect of Logistics

This study analyzes the impact on continuous use of railroad logistics by mediating the logistics performance of recognition on the logistics service quality. According to the results, economic quality, information quality and relationship quality have impacts on the intent of continuous use by fully mediating logistics performance. Based on these results, a model for intent of continuous use of railroad logistics was proposed. As for the results of this study, it can be seen that the continuous use of railroad logistics is formed by the logistics performance due to the use of railroad logistics and, for this, a practical direction is suggested: the improvement of service is required, by which the recognition can be enhanced for the economic quality, information quality and relationship quality of the customers.
Commitment as a strategy for the adoption of an environmental management system: the case of a public research institution

The objective of this paper was to examine, through a Problem Structuring Methods (PSMs) cognitive map, the possible uncertainties, complexities, and conflicts related to the commitment element, as a consequence of the environmental management adoption, through the implementation of an Environmental Management System (EMS). It was, also, proposed a measurement model of this mentioned behavior to be validated in future studies, in order to measure the commitment of all civil-service employees involved in the new management, before adopting this given system. The commitment to be analyzed through this model is divided into two components: affective and normative. The research was done with 15 managers of a Federal Public Institution, located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and the data that compose the cognitive map were obtained through a face-to-face interview, from May to November 2015, besides group meetings with the aforementioned managers, from December 2015 to March 2016. The results of the cognitive map analysis demonstrated the necessity to investigate the commitment factor, when there is the intention of adopting the EMS. It was, also, inferred that the suggested model, will be validated in longitudinal studies.
Issues in the statistical detection of data 1 fabrication and data errors in the scientific 2 literature : simulation study and reanalysis of

7 Background: The detection of fabrication or error within the scientific literature is an 8 important and underappreciated problem. Retraction of scientific articles is rare, but 9 retraction may also be conservative, leaving open the possiblity that many fabricated or 10 erroneous findings remain in the literature as a result of lack of scrutiny. A recently statistical 11 analysis of randomized controlled trials [1] has suggested that the reported statistics form 12 these trials deviate substantially from expectation under truely random assignment, raising 13 the possiblity of fraud or error. It has also been proposed that the method used could be 14 implemented to prospectively screen research, for example by applying the method prior to 15 publication. 16 Methods and Findings: To assess the properties of the method proposed in [1], I carry 17 out both theoretical and empirical evaluations of the method. Simulations suggest that the 18 method is sensitive to assumptions that could reasonably be violated in real randomized 19 1 . CC-BY 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not . http://dx.doi. org/10.1101/179135 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Aug. 22, 2017;