Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Progressive Mobilization Program for Patients With Acute Heart Failure Reduces Hospital Stay and Improves Clinical Outcome

Background: Early ambulation has been shown to be associated with shorter hospital stay and better clinical outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (HF). Early mobilization program in combination with structured exercise training is recommended, but has yet to be developed and implemented in HF. Methods and Results: We developed a progressive mobilization program for HF patients that classifies the mobilization process into 7 stages based on disease condition and physical function. We retrospectively analyzed 136 patients with acute HF (80±11 years), who were assigned either to the mobilization program (intervention group, n=75) or to usual care (control group, n=61). The program was safely implemented without any adverse events. Hospital stay was significantly reduced in the intervention group compared with the control group (33±25 vs. 51±36 days, P<0.01). The intervention group had higher activities of daily living (ADL) score at discharge evaluated using the Barthel index (64±38 vs. 49±36, P<0.05). The intervention group also had a higher percentage of discharge to home (71% vs. 52%, P<0.05) and a lower rate of HF-related readmission (16% vs. 36%, P<0.05) compared with the control group. Conclusions: The progressive mobilization program for acute HF was feasible and was associated with better ADL and reduced hospital stay, leading to improvement of clinical outcome.
Release of Sphecophaga orientalis Donovan (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae) in New Zealand as a possible ‘new association’ biocontrol agent for the adventive social wasps Vespula germanica (F.) and Vespula vulgaris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae).

The hornet (Vespa spp.) parasitoid Sphecophaga orientalis Donovan was imported into New Zealand from Israel as a possible ‘new association’ biological control agent for the adventive pestiferous social wasps Vespula germanica (F.) the German wasp, and V. vulgaris (L.) the common wasp. In quarantine, when adult wasps were absent, S. orientalis propagated prolifically on sealed brood of both species of wasp. In the field, parasitoid cocoons were formed in four of eight German wasp nests inoculated with the parasitoid, but there was no attack on 27 inoculated nests of the common wasp. Whether S. orientalis has established is unknown. If worker common wasps prevent attack or remove developing parasitoid larvae from cells, it is possible that parasitoids may be able to successfully attack the small nests constructed by queens in spring, before workers emerge. A major decline in wasp populations over the release period may have decreased the likelihood of establishment because of fewer small spring-founded nests available for attack.
Aberrant wound healing and TGF-β production in the autoimmune-prone MRL/+ mouse

Wound healing is a complex process that involves inflammation, apoptosis, growth, and tissue remodeling. The autoimmune-prone inbred mouse strain MRL/+ manifests accelerated and extensive healing to ear punch wounds, suggesting a link between immune defects and wound healing. Prior studies with lupus-prone mice have shown that hematopoietic cells of lupus-prone strains can transfer disease to otherwise non-autoimmune-prone recipients. In this study we performed reciprocal bone marrow transfers between MRL and the control strain B10.BR and found that radioresistant MRL/+ host cells, rather than hematopoietic cells, are required for the healing response. We have also made the novel observations that, compared to normal controls, MRL/+ hematopoietic cells overproduce TGF-β1 and manifest impaired inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide challenge. These features suggest that the aberrant wound healing phenotype of MRL mice is independent of their propensity to develop autoimmunity.
Thrombolysis for Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in 2020: Time Is Vision!

BACKGROUND Acute nonarteritic central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an eye stroke with poor visual prognosis and no proven effective therapies. Given advances in acute stroke care, thrombolysis in CRAO merits critical re-examination. We review the evidence for intravenous (IV) and intra-arterial (IA) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in CRAO management. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane online databases were systematically searched from 1960 to present, for reports of acute IV or IA therapy with alteplase or tenecteplase in nonarteritic CRAO patients. English language case reports, case series, interventional studies, or randomized controlled trials were included. The study type, age and number of subjects, the regimen administered, the time since symptoms' onset, visual outcome, and safety reports were noted. RESULTS Use of IV thrombolysis with alteplase was reported in 7 articles encompassing 111 patients, with 54% of them receiving IV tPA within 4.5 hours of symptom onset, and none developing symptomatic intracranial or ocular hemorrhage. Six studies described IA alteplase administration, with only 18 of a total of 134 patients (13.4%) treated within the first 6 hours after visual loss. The reported adverse events were minimal. Visual outcomes post-IV and IA thrombolysis were heterogeneously reported; however, most studies demonstrated benefit of the respective reperfusion therapies when administered very early. We found no reports of tenecteplase administration in CRAO. CONCLUSIONS In 2020, nonarteritic CRAO patients should theoretically receive the same thrombolytic therapies, in the same time window, as patients with acute cerebral ischemia. Eye stroke and teleeye stroke code encounters must include an expert ophthalmologic evaluation to confirm the correct diagnosis and to evaluate for ocular signs that may help guide IV tPA administration or IA management. Future research should focus on developing feasible retinal penumbra imaging studies that, similar to cerebral tissue viability or perfusion imaging, can be incorporated into the thrombolysis decision-making algorithm.
Current and future trends in food waste valorization for the production of chemicals, materials and fuels: a global perspective

Food waste is currently generated in significant quantities worldwide. While most of this has generally few uses different from landfilling or composting, advanced valorization alternatives should be developed to maximize the value derived from such an important waste source. This contribution aims to illustrate a series of examples and current valorization strategies proposed in different countries in order to tackle the food waste issue. Proposed processing schemes involve biorefinery approaches based on both chemical and biological technologies. Important legislation aspects in different countries are also presented. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Duplication of DNA in eukaryotic cells

Many of the most basic biochemical mechanisms of DNA replication have been conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, but the evolution of eukaryotic cells resulted in many changes in the logic of the cell cycle and in the mechanisms that regulate DNA replication. In a prokaryotic cell, such as Escherichia coli , DNA replication is generally initiated at a single essential locus in the circular chromosome (replicator). The timing and specificity of initiation are determined by the binding of a protein complex (initiator) to specific sequences in the replicator (Jacob et al. 1964). In a rapidly growing E. coli cell, initiation events occur at intervals significantly shorter than the time required to complete the synthesis of daughter chromosomes. Under these circumstances, DNA synthesis is essentially continuous throughout the cell cycle, and cells contain several partially completed chromosomes. In contrast, in eukaryotic cells, DNA replication occupies only part of the cell cycle and alternates with mitosis. Moreover, each chromosome is duplicated only once in each cell cycle, producing two complete daughter chromosomes. To ensure the timely completion of the replication of the large genomes of eukaryotes, initiation of DNA synthesis occurs at multiple chromosomal sites (Huberman and Riggs 1966). The number of such origins of DNA replication ranges from a few hundred in a yeast cell to tens of thousands in a human cell. Given the complexity of genome duplication in eukaryotic cells, it is not surprising that novel regulatory mechanisms have evolved to coordinate DNA replication with other events in the cell.
Generation length and percent mature estimates for IUCN assessments of cetaceans

We estimated generation length and percent mature for 58 cetacean species to assess their status using criteria developed by the IUCN. We first reviewed the literature and types of data available and then developed a set of simple rules to ensure consistent use of the best available data to estimate these parameters. The method we developed estimated percent mature for the current population and the generation length for the pre-disturbance population using a simple 5parameter demographic model based on age of first reproduction, inter-birth interval, maximum age of reproductive females, calf survival rate, and non-calf survival. When parameter estimates were not available for a species, we used available estimates from congeners. The maximum age of females was estimated based on the relationship between maximum length of females and maximum age of females for all species with data available. Generation length and percent mature were not calculated if data for the first two model parameters were unavailable for any congener (n = 29). Model-based estimates of these parameters were very close to the estimates for 6 species calculated from empirical data.
Added Benefit of Doppler Sonography over Mammography and Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Solid Breast Masses

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Govt Medical College, Kottayam 2 Senior Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Govt Medical College, Kottayam *Corresponding Author Daisy Joseph Emaildsphilipc@gmail.com Abstract Background: Breast Cancer is the most common female Cancer worldwide. Imaging of breast plays a crucial role in early detection of carcinoma breast. This study was performed to assess the nature of a solid breast lesion with mammography and gray scale ultrasonography, determine the Color Doppler characteristics of the lesion as well as correlate mammographic, gray scale and Color Doppler Sonographic findings with histopathological reports. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in 50 patients with palpable breast lesionswho underwent mammography, gray scale ultrasonography and Color Doppler in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Government Medical College, Thrissur. Their data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: By combined mammography and sonographic evaluation it was seen that 25 cases had benign morphology and 25 had malignant morphology. 7 out of 25 cases with benign morphology proved to be malignant on histology. Blood Flow was demonstrated in most of the malignant lesions giving a sensitivity of 93.7%, specificity of 66.6% and positive predictive value of 83.3% for determination of malignancy. Number of vessels, high impedance and turbulent flow were found to have predictive value in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Conclusion: Being a screening procedure for breast malignancy, mammography alone will not give definitive diagnosis in patients with breast lump. If it is combined with high frequency ultrasound, colour & power Doppler study, accuracy in predicting malignancy increases. Doppler by itself is of little use in evaluation of solid breast lesions. When used in conjunction with conventional examinations it can provide a more accurate characterization of certain lesions. The detection of vessels inside a lesion is significantly linked with neovascularization of malignancy.
A Fair User Selection Algorithm for Multi-User Massive MIMO System

Massive Multiple-input Multiple-output (Massive MIMO) system is one of the most potential candidates for the fifth-generation wireless communication. Massive-MIMO system employs a very large number of antennas which could easily reach more than a thousand antennas in the future. Instead of using an omni directional antenna which is a very popular base station antenna nowadays, massive-MIMO uses its large number of antennas to create multiple smaller beams which are transmitted directly into the intended receivers. In this paper, we develop a user-scheduling technique for Multi-user Massive-MIMO system called Fair-CDUS which is developed from charcoal distance-based user selection (CDUS) technique. Fair-CDUS aims to give more fairness to users in term of selection frequency and at the same time could maintain the total throughput performance. Some experimental scenarios with a different number of beams and a different number of receiving antenna are presented in this paper. We believe this proposed method could be a potential method to be used in Multi-user Massive-MIMO system.
Abnormal DaTSCAN and Atypical Parkinsonism in SCA12

The spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a heterogeneous group of autosomal dominantly inherited progressive ataxia disorders, with a variable clinical presentation. More than 40 gene loci and mutations have been identified so far; however, an expansion of a CAG nucleotide repeat is the cause of the most common SCAs (SCA1, 2, 3, and 6). SCA12 is considered rather distinct given that it presents with a characteristic action tremor in the upper limbs, often mistaken for essential tremor. Cerebellar ataxia and other neurological features may occur later in the disease course. Here, we report on a patient with genetically confirmed SCA12, who presented with atypical parkinsonism even featuring an abnormal DaTSCAN.
Designing historical control studies with survival endpoints using exact statistical inference

Historical control trials compare an experimental treatment with a previously conducted control treatment. By assigning all recruited samples to the experimental arm, historical control trials can better identify promising treatments in early phase trials compared with randomized control trials. Existing designs of historical control trials with survival endpoints are based on asymptotic normal distribution. However, it remains unclear whether the asymptotic distribution of the test statistic is close enough to the true distribution given relatively small sample sizes in early phase trials. In this article, we address this question by introducing an exact design approach for exponentially distributed survival endpoints, and compare it with an asymptotic design in both real examples and simulation examples. Simulation results show that the asymptotic test could lead to bias in the sample size estimation. We conclude the proposed exact design should be used in the design of historical control trials.
Big Data Normalization for Massive Databases

Data normalization is a technical database operation performed by a database analyst with the assistance of normalization tools; the goal is to associate similar forms of the same data item into a single data form. Based on how close the association of these various data permutations of the "same" data item are, the data variants can be normalized as a first normal, a second normal, or a third normal form, with the third normal form representing the loosest association of two data forms. This paper reviews the theoretical and experimental for retrieving the required data from large databases in computational complexity with respect to Comparison of CPU time taken for data retrieving from the database before and using normal forms, Elimination of data redundancy and Less volume of data stores in Main Memory. Keywords— Big Data, MPP, database, normalization, analytics, Map/Reduce, Broadcast Join, HDFS, commodity
The Role of Sorting Nexin 10 (Snx10) in Control of Osteoclast Function and Regulation of Bone Homeostasis

Sorting Nexin 10 (Snx10) is expressed in osteoclasts and is required for osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro. To study the role of Snx10 in osteoclastic bone resorption and bone homeostasis in vivo, we investigated the expression of Snx10 and created mouse models in which Snx10 was deficient in osteoclasts or globally. Osteoclast-specific Snx10-deficient mice exhibited severe osteopetrosis with abnormal bone micro-architectural parameters in vivo, consistent with the failure of osteoclasts to normally resorb bone. Osteoclast-derived Snx10 deficiency didn’t completely inhibit osteoclast formation, however, the capacity to resorb bone was significantly reduced. Intracellular vesicular transport, ruffled border formation and extracellular acidification were found to be severely impaired due to osteoclast-derived Snx10 deficiency. We also discovered that Snx10 was highly expressed in gastric zymogenic cells, with mutations leading to gastric dysfunction and low calcium solubilization. Global Snx10deficiency in mice results in a combined phenotype: osteopetrosis (due to osteoclast defect) and rickets (due to gastric dysfunction and low calcium availability, resulting in impaired bone mineralization and hypocalcemia). Osteopetrorickets, the paradoxical association of insufficient mineralization in the context of a positive total body calcium balance, was thought to occur due to failure of the osteoclasts to maintain normal
Association of Implementation and Social Network Factors With Patient Safety Culture in Medical Homes: A Coincidence Analysis

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Objectives The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) may provide a key model for ambulatory patient safety. Our objective was to explore which PCMH and patient safety implementation and social network factors may be necessary or sufficient for higher patient safety culture. Methods This was a cross-case analysis study in 25 diverse U.S. PCMHs. Data sources included interviews of a clinician and an administrator in each PCMH, surveys of clinicians and staff, and existing data on the PCMHs’ characteristics. We used coincidence analysis, a novel method based on set theory and Boolean logic, to evaluate relationships between factors and the implementation outcome of patient safety culture. Results The coincidence analysis identified 5 equally parsimonious solutions (4 factors), accounting for all practices with higher safety culture. Three solutions contained the same core minimally sufficient condition: the implementation factor leadership priority for patient safety and the social network factor reciprocity in advice-seeking network ties (advice-seeking relationships). This minimally sufficient condition had the highest coverage (5/7 practices scoring higher on the outcome) and best performance across solutions; all included leadership priority for patient safety. Other key factors included self-efficacy and job satisfaction and quality improvement climate. The most common factor whose absence was associated with the outcome was a well-functioning process for behavioral health. Conclusions Our findings suggest that PCMH safety culture is higher when clinicians and staff perceive that leadership prioritizes patient safety and when high reciprocity among staff exists. Interventions to improve patient safety should consider measuring and addressing these key factors.
Chemical constituent from the peel of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim and their NF-κB inhibitory activity

Abstract The peel of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim is clinically used to treat cardiovascular diseases in China. In this study, the NF-κB inhibitory activity of the peel of T. kirilowii Maxim extracts was determined by Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System, and the results showed 70% ethanol extract could significantly inhibit the activation of NF-κB (p < 0.001). Further, 21 compounds were isolated from 70% ethanol extract. One new compound, namely (2 R)-(2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-3-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoyl)-O-]-propanoic acid (1), and 20 known compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. The isolated compounds were tested in the anti-inflammatory assay, and the results indicated compounds 5, 8, 11, 14, 15, 17 and 21 could inhibit the activation of NF-κB (p <0 .05, p < 0.001) at concentration of 1 μM. Graphical Abstract
Widowhood and mortality: a Danish nationwide register-based cohort study

Abstract Aims Widowed people have increased mortality compared to married people of the same age. Although most widowed people are of older age, few studies include the oldest old. As life expectancy is increasing, knowledge of widowhood into older age is needed. This study aimed to examine mortality and widowhood in older age by comparing mortality in widowed and married people by sex, age, time since spousal loss and cause of death. Methods A Danish register-based matched cohort study of 10% of widowed persons ⩾65 years in the years 2000–2009. For each randomly drawn widowed person, five married persons were matched on sex and age. Mortality rate ratios (MRR) were calculated using Poisson regression, and stratified according to sex and 5-year age intervals. MRRs were furthermore calculated by time since spousal loss and by specific cause of death. Results The study included 82 130 persons contributing with 642 914.8 person-years. The overall MRR between widowed and married persons with up to 16 years of follow-up was 1.25 (95% CI 1.23–1.28). At age ⩾95 years for men, and ⩾90 years for women, no differences in mortality rates were seen between widowed and married persons. Mortality in widowed persons was increased for most specific causes of death, with the highest MRR from external causes (MRR 1.53 [1.35–1.74]) and endocrine diseases (MRR 1.51 [1.34–1.70]). Conclusions Widowhood was associated with increased mortality in older age for both men and women until age ⩾95 and ⩾90 years, respectively. Increased mortality was observed for almost all causes of death.
A Compact Conformal Windshield Antenna for Location Tracking on Vehicular Platforms

A conformal self-balanced asymmetric two-arm GPS antenna is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna is designed at GPS L1 frequency band of 1.575 GHz. The antenna is designed on a windshield substrate, and the two arms of the antenna are truncated asymmetrically to achieve circular polarization. The antenna is fabricated by sputtering and electroplating. Furthermore, full wave simulations and measurements are performed to justify that the proposed antenna operates efficiently when conformed to the windshield of an automobile. VSWR of 1.065 and an axial ratio of 1.81 dB at 1.575GHz are obtained.
Cellular Senescence: Mechanisms, Morphology, and Mouse Models

Cellular senescence is a cell cycle arrest in damaged or aged cells. Although this represents a critical mechanism of tumor suppression, persistence of senescent cells during aging induces chronic inflammation and tissue dysfunction through the adoption of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This has been shown to promote the progression of age-associated diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and atherosclerosis. As the global population ages, the role of cellular senescence in disease is becoming a more critical area of research. In this review, mechanisms, biomarkers, and pathology of cellular senescence and SASP are described with a brief discussion of literature supporting a role for cellular senescence in veterinary diseases. Cell culture and mouse models used in senescence studies are also reviewed including the senescence-accelerated mouse—prone (SAMP), senescence pathway knockout mice (p53, p21 [CDKN1A], and p16 [CDKN2A]), and the more recently developed senolysis mice, which allow for direct visualization and elimination (or lysis) of senescent cells in live mice (p16-3MR and INK-ATTAC). These and other mouse models have demonstrated the importance of cellular senescence in embryogenesis and wound healing but have also identified a therapeutic benefit for targeting persistent senescent cells in age-associated diseases including neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cardiac fibrosis.