Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of virgin olive oil adulteration by Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy

The authenticity of products labeled as virgin olive oil is of great importance from commercial and health aspects. The combination of Fourier transform-Raman (FT-Raman) spectroscopy with multivariate procedures has been used for predicting the level of adulteration in a set of virgin olive oil samples that were adulterated with soybean, corn, and raw olive residue (olive pomace) oils at 1, 5, and 10%, respectively. Six genuine virgin olive oil samples, differing in their chemical composition, were selected from a set of 1428 European samples. The best result in prediction of adulteration was an adjusted R(2) value of 0.964, determined by regression on principal components (PCR), giving 100% correct discrimination between genuine and adulterated samples and 91.3% correct classifications at different adulteration levels.
Thermolysis of 1,3-dioxin-4-ones: fast generation of kinetic data using in-line analysis under flow

Rapid acquisition of kinetic data is demonstrated with a commercial meso-scale flow reactor, using a step-change in flow rate or ‘push-out’ from the flow line. For thermolysis of 1,3-dioxin-4-ones (1), we obtain excellent reproducibility in the activation energies measured from spectroscopic data collected by in-line UV or transmission FT-IR monitoring of the output during the transitional period between two flow rates (±3 kJ mol−1, 0.7 kcal mol−1). Analysis of multi-component UV and IR data is conducted using an orthogonal projection approach (multivariate curve resolution by alternating least squares) for complex spectra, or by calibration-less integration of non-overlapping peak absorbance. All analysis methods were validated using off-line 1H NMR analysis, and kinetic parameters obtained using the method of a flow rate step-change were validated against conventional steady-state measurements in which time-series data were acquired across multiple experiments. Thermal transfer and dispersion effects are addressed. The experimental methods described herein are valuable for accelerated reaction study and in process development.
Body Dissatisfaction and Associated Factors: A Study of a Group of Moroccan Adolescents’

Adolescents are a vulnerable group to the body dissatisfaction that causes unhealthy attitudes and behaviors. Many factors affect the body image dissatisfaction (1). Given that many studies conducted on adolescence body image in developed countries, body discrepancies are found in developing countries. According to the literature, a lack of data is noticed in this field in Morocco. The aim of the study was to describe degree of body dissatisfaction and its relationship with gender, age, physical activity and weight status among a group of Moroccan adolescents. We carried out a cross-sectional survey in secondary schools in Marrakesh, Morocco. The study was conducted on 487 adolescents (223 boys and 264 girls), with the average age of 14.6 yr. Gender, age, physical activity information (hours/week, sport activities), and Body Mass Index (BMI) were applied in this study. Stunkard’s figure rating scale (2) was used to assess body image dissatisfaction. Written consent form was obtained from the participating adolescents and their parents. Body dissatisfaction was prevalent in 61.0% of the adolescents. The proportion of dissatisfied adolescents was noticed more among boys 65.0% as compared to girls 57.6% (Table 1).
SPTBN1 inhibits inflammatory responses and hepatocarcinogenesis via the stabilization of SOCS1 and downregulation of p65 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Background: Spectrin, beta, non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1), an adapter protein for transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling, is recognized as a tumor suppressor in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this tumor suppression remain obscure. Methods: The effects on expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon the inhibition or impairment of SPTBN1 in HCC cell lines and liver tissues of Sptbn1+/- and wild-type (WT) mice were assessed by analyses of quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting and gene array databases from HCC patients. We investigated the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory responses by immunoprecipitation-Western blotting, luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative real time PCR (ChIP-qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in liver, spleen, bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from WT and Sptbn1+/- mice were measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Further, the hepatocacinogenesis and its correlation with inflammatory microenvironment by loss of SPTBN1/SOCS1 and induction of p65 were analyzed by treating WT and Sptbn1+/- mice with 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC). Results: Loss of SPTBN1 in HCC cells upregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-1β, and IL-6, and enhanced NF-κB transcriptional activation. Mechanistic analyses revealed that knockdown of SPTBN1 by siRNA downregulated the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), an E3 ligase of p65, and subsequently upregulated p65 accumulation in the nucleus of HCC cells. Restoration of SOCS1 abrogated this SPTBN1 loss-associated elevation of p65 in HCC cells. In human HCC tissues, SPTBN1 gene expression was inversely correlated with gene expression of IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6. Furthermore, a decrease in the levels of SPTBN1 gene, as well as an increase in the gene expression of IL-1β or IL-6 predicted shorter relapse free survival in HCC patients, and that HCC patients with low expression of SPTBN1 or SOCS1 protein is associated with poor survival. Heterozygous loss of SPTBN1 (Sptbn1+/-) in mice markedly upregulated hepatic expression of IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6, and elevated the proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Foxp3+Treg) cells in the liver, promoting hepatocarcinogenesis of mouse fed by DDC. Conclusions: Our findings provided evidence that loss of SPTBN1 in HCC cells increases p65 protein stability via the inhibition of SOCS1 and enhances NF-κB activation, stimulating the release of inflammatory cytokines, which are critical molecular mechanisms for the loss of SPTBN1-induced liver cancer formation. Reduced SPTBN1 and SOCS1 predict poor outcome in HCC patients.
Sexual Function and Sexual Quality of Life in Premenopausal Women with Controlled Type 1 and 2 Diabetes—Preliminary Study

Sexual dysfunction is more common in women with diabetes than in women without diabetes. The aim of the study was to determine sexual function and the level of the quality of sex life in premenopausal women with controlled, uncomplicated type 1 and type 2 diabetes taking into account the stages of the menstrual cycle and mood level. The study included 163 women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and 115 controls without diabetes. Questionnaire studies were conducted using the following surveys: Demographic and Clinical Data Survey, Female Sexual Function Index, Sexual Quality of Life—Female, and Beck Depression Inventory. Both phases of the menstrual cycle—follicular and luteal—were included. It was shown that, in women with type 1 diabetes, sexual function decreased during the luteal phase in comparison with the follicular phase (p < 0.001). In the women with type 2 diabetes and in the controls, sexual function was comparable during both phases of the cycle (p > 0.05). In the women with uncomplicated controlled type 1 diabetes, sexual function and the sexual and relationship satisfaction changed depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle with a decrease during the luteal phase. Sexual function and the quality of the sex life of premenopausal women with controlled type 2 diabetes were comparable during both the follicular and the luteal phases. Sexual function in menstruating women with controlled type 2 diabetes decreased with age and a worsening mood.
Living a Meaningful Life While Struggling with Mental Health: Challenging Aspects Regarding Personal Recovery Encountered in the Mental Health System

Based upon academic and clinical experience from Denmark, this article aims to highlight international research-based knowledge concerning challenging aspects about the understanding and implementation of recovery-oriented practice. Three key points are located: (a) An integrative biopsychosocial approach considering both the clinical and personal recovery perspectives is relevant for research and practice. (b) Barriers in implementing a recovery-oriented approach include both individual and systemic challenges. This is well documented in the research-based literature, highlighting the need for changes. (c) A shift from professional control to a service-user orientation is seen as crucial. Examples of a positive shift are seen, helping the health professionals in their development and practicing of skills and competences through education and personal formation. Within these perspectives, a paradigm shift from a one-dimensional biomedical approach to a biopsychosocial approach is suggested. Instead of focusing on rapid stabilisation and symptom relief as a clinical outcome, a humanistic approach building on social- and person-oriented values is fundamental for social and personal recovery leading to a meaningful life.
Snap‐off of gas bubbles in smoothly constricted noncircular capillaries

A corner flow hydrodynamic theory is outlined for the time to snap-off of a gas bubble moving through a smoothly constricted noncircular capillary as a function of the pore geometry and the capillary number, Ca. Above a transition capillary number the time to snap-off is independent of Ca, while below it the time to snap-off is inversely proportional to the capillary number. Thin films of liquid deposited along the capillary walls are shown to play a minor role; they are accordingly neglected in the analysis. The proposed theory is compared to new experimental results for snap-off in two constricted square capillaries (dimensionless constriction radii of 0.3 and 0.5) over a range of capillary numbers (10/sup -5/ to 10/sup -3/), wetting-liquid viscosities (1.0 to 8.5 mPa . s), and surfactant types. Good agreement is found between theory and experiment.
Intracellular ethanol‐mediated oxidation and apoptosis in HepG2/CYP2E1 cells impaired by two active peptides from seahorse (Hippocampus kuda bleeler) protein hydrolysates via the Nrf2/HO‐1 and akt pathways

Abstract Seahorse (Hippocampus kuda Bleeler) are representative marine species in aquaculture, with special value of medicine and food. In this study, the protective effects of two peptides from seahorse hydrolysates (SHP‐1 and SHP‐2) against ethanol‐mediated oxidative stress in HepG2/CYP2E1 cells were investigated. Firstly, SHP‐1 and SHP‐2 presented no cytotoxicity. Compared with the ethanol‐treated groups, SHP‐1 and SHP‐2 increased cell viability in a concentration‐dependent manner. Secondly, SHP‐1 and SHP‐2 markedly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, gamma‐glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) activity, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) levels and remarkably enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities. SHP‐1 and SHP‐2 also down‐regulated the expressions of GGT, bax, c‐caspase‐8/‐9/‐3, p‐Akt, p‐IκB‐α, p‐p65, p‐ERK, and p‐p38 but up‐regulated SOD, GSH, NF‐E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), and bcl‐2 levels, as revealed by Western blot analysis. Moreover, SHP‐1 and SHP‐2 increased the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reduced DNA damage, and suppressed the nuclear translocation of p65. These results suggest that two peptides from seahorse hydrolysates can be considered a potential functional biomaterial and further improve the use value of seahorse in aquaculture.
The role of pre-emptive Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt in acute variceal bleeding: a literature review

The development of portal hypertension has serious implications in the natural history of liver cirrhosis, leading to complications such as ascites, hepatic encephalopathy and variceal bleeding. The management of acute variceal bleeding has improved in the last two decades, but despite the advances in endoscopic methods the overall prognosis remains poor, particularly within a subgroup of patients with more advanced disease. The role of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPSS) is a well-established method of achieving haemostasis by immediate portal decompression; however, its use in an emergency setting as a rescue strategy is still associated with high mortality. It has been shown that ‘early’ use of TIPSS as a pre-emptive strategy in a patient with acute variceal bleed in addition to the standard of care confers superior survival outcomes in a subgroup of patients at high risk of treatment failure and death. The purpose of this review is to appraise the literature around the indications, patient selection, utility, complications and economic considerations of pre-emptive TIPSS.
Energy spectra of ABC-stacked trilayer graphene in magnetic and electric fields

We have developed the generalized tight-binding model to understand how the electronic structures of ABC-stacked trilayer graphene can be modulated by external fields. A band-like Hamiltonian matrix is used to obtain the electronic properties efficiently. A uniform perpendicular magnetic field gives rise to three groups of Landau levels that can be distinguished from one another by the subenvelope functions of the distinct sublattices. Intergroup Landau-level anticrossings occurring between any two groups and intragroup anticrossings coming from the second group are revealed in the magnetic field-dependent energy spectrum. Such anticrossings are induced by specific interlayer atomic interactions. In the presence of an electric field, each Landau-level group will split into two subgroups, which are characterized by the two different localization centers. The anticrossings in the second group can be suppressed or produced by varying the electric field strength, the reason being the significant modification of the band structures. Furthermore, the intragroup anticrossings arise in two split subgroups of the first group.
Lung Nodule Segmentation with a Region-Based Fast Marching Method

When dealing with computed tomography volume data, the accurate segmentation of lung nodules is of great importance to lung cancer analysis and diagnosis, being a vital part of computer-aided diagnosis systems. However, due to the variety of lung nodules and the similarity of visual characteristics for nodules and their surroundings, robust segmentation of nodules becomes a challenging problem. A segmentation algorithm based on the fast marching method is proposed that separates the image into regions with similar features, which are then merged by combining regions growing with k-means. An evaluation was performed with two distinct methods (objective and subjective) that were applied on two different datasets, containing simulation data generated for this study and real patient data, respectively. The objective experimental results show that the proposed technique can accurately segment nodules, especially in solid cases, given the mean Dice scores of 0.933 and 0.901 for round and irregular nodules. For non-solid and cavitary nodules the performance dropped—0.799 and 0.614 mean Dice scores, respectively. The proposed method was compared to active contour models and to two modern deep learning networks. It reached better overall accuracy than active contour models, having comparable results to DBResNet but lesser accuracy than 3D-UNet. The results show promise for the proposed method in computer-aided diagnosis applications.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Military Police of Rio de Janeiro: Can a Risk Profile Be Identified?

Background: Significant exposure to critical incidents characteristic of military police work has a potentially traumatic effect and multiple consequences for the mental health of these professionals, such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This study aims to investigate the occurrence of PTSD in this occupational group and its correlations with socio-demographic and occupational variables. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of Rio de Janeiro’s Military Police officers (n = 3.577). Data was collected from self-reported questionnaires applied in an institutional health program. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist—Civilian version was used to assess PTSD. Results: Rates of 16.9% for full PTSD and 26.7% for partial PTSD were found. Based on logistic regression analysis, female officers and police officers in lower ranks of the military hierarchy and performing administrative duties were found to be at most risk of developing PTSD. Conclusions: These results suggest the need to further understand the predictive organizational and individual variables of PTSD correlated with the increased vulnerability of professionals in order to contribute to institutional policies for the prevention and rehabilitation of these cases.
Interfacial adhesion between polymer separation layer and ceramic support for composite membrane

An in situ characterization method for mechanical and adhesive properties of organic/ceramic composite membranes is built on the basis of nanoindentation technique in this work. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used as the separation layer with the support of porous ZrO2/Al2O3 ceramic tubes. The effects of roughness of the ceramic support and the viscosity of PDMS solution on the mechanical properties of the PDMS separation layer and the interfacial adhesion at the interface were investigated in detail. It was found that when the roughness of the ceramic support increased and the viscosity of PDMS solution decreased, the interfacial adhesion strength of PDMS/ceramic composite membrane increased, but these two variables had little effect on the mechanical properties of the PDMS separation layer. Our results indicate that the mechanical interlocking dominates the adhesion between the PDMS separation layer and the porous ceramic support. V C 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 56: 1584–1592, 2010
EFFECT OF POTASSIUM ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF BLACK GRAM

The investigation into the effect of varying levels of potash application on the yield and quality characteristics of black gram (cv. Mash 88) were carried out on a sandy loam soil having 0.05% N, 8 and 130 ppm P20S and K20, respectively. A uniform dose of 25 and 75 kg Nand P20S ha-I was used in all the treatments. The varying levels of potash were 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg K20 ha-I. The whole quantity of N, P and K in the form of urea, single super phosphate and potassium sulphate, respectively was side drilled just after seeding. The results revealed that application of 75 kg K20 in addition to 25 and 75 kg Nand P20S ha-! showed a significant increase in yield and improved seed protein contents of mashbean.
Endoscopy-assisted magnetic navigation of biohybrid soft microrobots with rapid endoluminal delivery and imaging

Biohybrid soft microrobots are rapidly delivered to tortuous and tiny lumens deep inside the digestive system. High-precision delivery of microrobots at the whole-body scale is of considerable importance for efforts toward targeted therapeutic intervention. However, vision-based control of microrobots, to deep and narrow spaces inside the body, remains a challenge. Here, we report a soft and resilient magnetic cell microrobot with high biocompatibility that can interface with the human body and adapt to the complex surroundings while navigating inside the body. We achieve time-efficient delivery of soft microrobots using an integrated platform called endoscopy-assisted magnetic actuation with dual imaging system (EMADIS). EMADIS enables rapid deployment across multiple organ/tissue barriers at the whole-body scale and high-precision delivery of soft and biohybrid microrobots in real time to tiny regions with depth up to meter scale through natural orifice, which are commonly inaccessible and even invisible by conventional endoscope and medical robots. The precise delivery of magnetic stem cell spheroid microrobots (MSCSMs) by the EMADIS transesophageal into the bile duct with a total distance of about 100 centimeters can be completed within 8 minutes. The integration strategy offers a full clinical imaging technique–based therapeutic/intervention system, which broadens the accessibility of hitherto hard-to-access regions, by means of soft microrobots.
UXT antisense RNA 1 sever as a novel prognostic long non-coding RNA in early stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients after receiving pancreaticoduodenectomy

Objective: The principal objective of this project was to investigate the prognostic value of UXT antisense RNA 1 (UXT-AS1) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), as well as its biological function mechanisms and the screening of targeted drugs using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) PDAC genome-wide RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) dataset. Methods: We used TCGA 112 early stage PDAC patients to screen the prognostic value of UXT-AS1. Biological functions and mechanisms of UXT-AS1 were investigated by co-expression analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and gene set enrichment analysis, while targeted drug screening was investigated by connectivity Map (CMap). Results: By analyzing the dataset from TCGA cohort, we found that UXT-AS1 was significantly up-regulated in pancreatic cancer tissues. Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that PDAC patients with high UXT-AS1 expression had an unfavourable prognosis (adjusted P=0.033, HR=1.830, 95%CI=1.051-3.188). Genome-wide co-expression analysis and gene set enrichment analysis suggested that UXT-AS1 may act as a pivotal part in PDAC by participating in nuclear factor kappa beta, regulation of tumor necrosis factor, cell adhesion, T cell receptor signaling pathway, and numerous immune-related biological processes and signaling pathways. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs between high- and low-UXT-AS1 expression groups suggested that these DEGs were significant enriched in B cell receptor complex, response to drug chemical carcinogenesis and drug metabolism-cytochrome P450. CMap analysis revealed that quipazine and terazosin may be targeted drugs for UXT-AS1 in PDAC. Conclusion: Our current study has identified UXT-AS1 as a novel biomarker for the prognosis of early stage PDAC. We also clarified its biological functional mechanisms and identified two targeted drugs of UXT-AS1 in PDAC.
Genome‐wide association study in diverse Iranian wheat germplasms detected several putative genomic regions associated with stem rust resistance

Abstract Stem rust is one of the most important diseases, threatening global wheat production. Identifying genomic regions associated with resistance to stem rust at the seedling stage may contribute wheat breeders to introduce durably resistant varieties. Genome‐wide association study (GWAS) approach was applied to detect stem rust (Sr) resistance genes/QTLs in a set of 282 Iranian bread wheat varieties and landraces. Germplasms evaluated for infection type and latent period in four races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt). A total of 3 QTLs for infection type (R2 values from 9.54% to 10.76%) and 4 QTLs for the latent period (R2 values from 8.97% to 12.24%) of studied Pgt races were identified in the original dataset. However, using the imputed SNPs dataset, the number of QTLs for infection type increased to 10 QTLs (R2 values from 8.12% to 11.19%), and for the latent period increased to 44 QTLs (R2 values from 9.47% to 26.70%). According to the results, the Iranian wheat germplasms are a valuable source of resistance to stem rust which can be used in wheat breeding programs. Furthermore, new information for the selection of resistant genotypes against the disease through improving marker‐assisted selection efficiency has been suggested.