Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and analysis of practical induction motors

A method to estimate the flux-linkages and parameters of induction motors with skewed rotor bars is presented. The proposed method is based directly on a multi-slice time stepping finite element model, hence the effects of saturation, eddy-current, skewed rotor bars and high-order harmonic fields, can all be included readily in the solution. Special formulas for calculating rotor currents, rotor flux-linkages and air-gap flux in quadrature-phase winding system are deduced. The computed currents and flux-linkages from the finite element model are used directly to compute the parameters of the lumped circuit model with the help of the least squares method. The advantages of the proposed method are its simple physical concept, high accuracy and versatility. The method is suitable to study virtually all modes of operating conditions, including dynamic operations, of induction motors.
The Lysyl Oxidases LOX and LOXL2 Are Necessary and Sufficient to Repress E-cadherin in Hypoxia

Hypoxia has been shown to promote tumor metastasis and lead to therapy resistance. Recent work has demonstrated that hypoxia represses E-cadherin expression, a hallmark of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, which is believed to amplify tumor aggressiveness. The molecular mechanism of E-cadherin repression is unknown, yet lysyl oxidases have been implicated to be involved. Gene expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and the related LOX-like 2 (LOXL2) is strongly induced by hypoxia. In addition to the previously demonstrated LOX, we characterize LOXL2 as a direct transcriptional target of HIF-1. We demonstrate that activation of lysyl oxidases is required and sufficient for hypoxic repression of E-cadherin, which mediates cellular transformation and takes effect in cellular invasion assays. Our data support a molecular pathway from hypoxia to cellular transformation. It includes up-regulation of HIF and subsequent transcriptional induction of LOX and LOXL2, which repress E-cadherin and induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Lysyl oxidases could be an attractive molecular target for cancers of epithelial origin, in particular because they are partly extracellular.
Arthrodesis of the ankle and subtalar joints in patients with haemophilic arthropathy

Summary. There have been only a few studies in the literature that reported on the outcome of ankle arthrodesis in patients with haemophilia; furthermore, the number of patients was usually low and the operative technique has not been uniform. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of surgery in haemophilic arthropathy of the ankle and subtalar joints, using internal fixation. From 1983 to 2006, 20 fusions were performed in 13 patients with advanced haemophilic arthropathy of the ankle and subtalar joints. There were 11 ankle fusions, one isolated subtalar fusion and eight combined ankle and subtalar fusions. Three of the latter had a subtalar fusion at a second operation. The mean age at operation was 38.7 years and the mean followup was 9.4 years. In the majority of the cases, the ankle fusion was achieved by two crossing screws. For the subtalar fusion, either staples were used or the tibiotalar screws were extended to the calcaneus. Arthrodesis of the ankle was successful in all but one patient, in whose case the procedure was revised and eventually his condition was progressed to fusion. There was also one case of painless non‐union of the subtalar joint which was not revised. There was no recurrent bleeding, and no deep infection. Arthrodesis with cross screw fixation is an effective method for fusion of the ankle and subtalar joints in patients with haemophilia.
Adaptive RTRL based hybrid controller for series connected FACTS devices for damping power system oscillations

This paper presents a novel design of a co-ordinated controller for series connected FACTS devices like Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor(TCSC) and Thyristor controlled Power Angle Regulator (TCPAR). The scheme can be used for non-linear system control, in which the exact linearized mathematical model of the system is not required, can be used to control many FACTS devices with a single controller. The basis of the proposed design is the Real Time Recurrent Learning (RTRL) algorithm in which the Neural Network (NN) is trained in real time. This requires two sets of neural networks. The first set is a fully connected Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) which acts as a neuro-identifier that provides the dynamic model of the system. The second set of neural network is the neuro-controller, used to generate the required control signals for the thyristors. Simulations results of the system using MATLAB/SIMULINK show that the performance of the system with the proposed controller is better than the conventional PI controllers and GA-based PI controllers.
An efficient geometric distortion correction method for SAR video formation

In this paper, an efficient method to correct the geometric distortion for onboard processing SAR video is proposed. Based on the EDMA data transmission of the compact multi-core DSP, the geometric distortion is corrected much more efficient compared to the traditional measures. With the application of the proposed correction method, the continuous real-time images are obtained. Moreover, the extra time consuming introduced by correction processing is greatly reduced, which will be very beneficial to achieve real-time processing. The proposed efficient correction method has been applied to a compact FMCW SAR system, and many continuous real-time images with high resolution have been achieved.
Statistical methods for the identification and use of prognostic factors

This is an expository paper which reviews the rationale for determining prognostic factors and the statistical methods for finding and allowing for such factors in the design and analysis of clinical studies. The delineation of prognostic factors in clinical studies is useful: in possibly providing insight into the mechanism of disease; in the determination of stratifications of patients for planning clinical trials; in facilitating the comparison between the outcomes of disease in different groups of patients; in assisting in the allocation of treatment to an individual patient and in permitting remedial action. A response variable is a measure of the future health or illness of the patient and its value is usually dependent on one or more prognostic variables. Statistical methodology for determining prognostic factors is reviewed for the case in which response is dichotomous, continuous or a measure of time (with the possibility of censored observations) and when the predictor variables are discrete or continuous (or a combination of both types). Methods of allowing for known prognostic variables in the analysis of a study are reviewed. These include: grouping of patients according to prognostic variables and comparing treatments separately within each group; covariance analysis and maximum likelihood. Knowledge of prognostic factors is useful in defining a control group which is to be compared with a treated group in non‐randomized studies. Three examples of studies designed to elucidate prognostic factors are described, one each in breast cancer, cancer of the prostate and Hodgkin's disease.
Gap detection thresholds as a function of tonal duration for younger and older listeners.

Twenty normal hearing younger and twenty older adults in the early stages of presbycusis, but with relatively normal hearing at 2 kHz, were asked to discriminate between the presence versus absence of a gap between two equal-duration tonal markers. The duration of each marker was constant within a block of trials but varied between 0.83 and 500 ms across blocks. Notched-noise, centered at 2 kHz, was used to mask on- and off-transients. Gap detection thresholds of older adults were markedly higher than those of younger adults for marker durations of less than 250 ms but converged on those of younger adults at 500 ms. For both age groups, gap detection thresholds were independent of audiometric thresholds. These results indicate that older adults have more difficulty detecting a gap than younger adults when short marker durations (i.e., durations characteristic of speech sounds) are employed. It is shown that these results cannot be explained by linear models of temporal processing but are consistent with differential adaptation effects in younger and older adults.
The Changing Career of “Elder Abuse and Neglect” as a Social Problem in Canada: Learning from Feminist Frameworks?

ABSTRACT “Elder Abuse and Neglect” was constructed as a social problem by experts and has largely been a product of “expert” knowledge building and intervention. The idea of woman abuse as a social problem, on the other hand, originated with women themselves. The paper examines the changing social context in which some older people are currently seeking ownership of responses to mistreatment. It explores emerging criticisms of present constructions of “elder abuse and neglect” and the needs they imply, and links these to feminist frameworks. It then considers the appeal and utility of these frameworks for older women active in the fight against mistreatment.
Focused ultrasound for blood–brain disruption and delivery of therapeutic molecules into the brain

Noninvasive, transient and local image-guided blood–brain barrier disruption can be accomplished using focused ultrasound exposure with intravascular injection of preformed microbubbles. MRI-guided blood–brain barrier disruption has been demonstrated and has been shown to heal in within a few hours after exposure. The delivery of several marker molecules has been demonstrated in different animal models with minimal or no damage to the brain tissue. Most notably, the delivery of antibodies and liposomal doxorubicin has been shown. The method may potentially open a new era in CNS drug delivery and perhaps also aid in molecular imaging and targeting. However, effective clinical devices and methods need to be developed further and the clinical feasibility demonstrated.
Using Sensor Data Analytics to Improve Decision Making in Professional High-Speed Sailing

Decision support systems in sports are becoming increasingly popular. This is also the case in professional sailing. Modern professional sailing vessels generate a lot of data. All this data is saved in simple CSV files that can be used by a navigator’s software package for analysis and generation of polar diagrams and sail changing tables. Traditionally, data is generated by only a few sensors, but the new boat used in the Volvo Ocean Race, the Volvo Ocean 65, contains 160 such sensors. In this research we determined how all these sensor data can be used to improve decision-making and sailing performance. To achieve this, we developed a sailing performance analytic architecture that includes database software and a set of software tools to analyse the data.
Type IV Mirizzi Syndrome Treated with Hepaticoduodenostomy and Minilaparoscopy

Introduction: Mirizzi syndrome (MS) is an uncommon complication of long-term chronic cholecystitis, characterized by extrinsic compression of the common hepatic duct or the presence of cholecystobiliary fistula. A case of type IV MS, with extensively damaged common hepatic duct (CHD) due to gallstone impaction and fistula, was effectively treated by minilaparoscopic hepaticoduodenostomy (HD). Case Description: The patient was a woman, 36 years old, weighing 66 kg, and standing 1.55 m. For 3 weeks, she had been experiencing episodes of strong right-upper-quadrant pain, radiating to the back. She also presented with choluria, fecal acholia, and severe jaundice. Preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) suggested the diagnosis of Mirizzi syndrome (MS). Surgery started with “dome-down” dissection of the gallbladder. The cystic duct and the CHD were found to be highly compromised close to the gallstone impacted in the infundibulum. After resection of the affected bile ducts, the biliary tract reconstruction was performed by minilaparoscopy (MINI). The patient was discharged uneventfully 6 days after surgery, without complication. Discussion: Because of the severely compromised CHD, HD was the technique used for reconstruction, for its simple execution, and several proven advantages over hepaticojejunostomy. It was performed by MINI, a new, effective, and refined minimally invasive technique in which the surgeon uses low-friction trocars to improve visualization and dexterity in delicate surgical tasks. A Kocher maneuver was necessary to make possible this type of reconstruction. Conclusion: There is no consensus yet about the best type of reconstruction to use for a severely damaged CHD. In the present case, HD by MINI proved to be a safe and effective method, emphasizing its known advantages.
[Expression of HOXA10 gene in human endometrium and its relationship with unexplained infertility].

OBJECTIVE To study the expression of HOXA10 gene in the endometrium of normal fertile women and patients with unexplained infertility during different phases of menstrual cycle. METHODS Endometrium samples were obtained by curettage in 52 normal fertile women and 38 patients with unexplained infertility during different phases of menstrual cycle, HOXA10 mRNA expression were detected by in situ hybridization and reverse polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS (1) HOXA10 mRNA were detected in the glandular and stromal cells of endometrium of fertile women during the menstrual cycle. By in situ hybridization (positive unite, PU), HOXA10 mRNA levels were significantly higher in the mid-secretory phase [glandular cells (G) 5.69 +/- 0.57, stromal cells (S) 7.48 +/- 0.67] and late-secretory phase(G 5.99 +/- 0.40, S 7.98 +/- 1.08) than those in late proliferative phase (G 3.35 +/- 0.20, S 3.20 +/- 0.37) and early secretory phase (G 3.07 +/- 0.26, S 3.18 +/- 0.27)(P < 0.01). HOXA10 mRNA levels of endometrial stromal cells of mid and late secretory were higher than those of glandular cells (P < 0.01). By RT-PCR, HOXA10 mRNA levels were significantly higher in the mid secretory phase (57.0 +/- 3.4)% and late secretory phase (56.2 +/- 2.9)% than those in early proliferative phase (31.8 +/- 2.6)%, late proliferative phase (32.2 +/- 2.3)% and early secretory phase (32.5 +/- 1.6)% (P < 0.01). (2) Patients with unexplained infertility did not have an increase of endometrial HOXA10 mRNA level in mid and late secretory phase, as compared with the controls (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS (1) High expression of HOXA10 gene during mid and late secretory phase indicated that HOXA10 gene may involve in implantation. (2) Aberrant HOXA10 expression of patients with unexplained infertility suggests that altered development of endometrium at the molecular level may contribute to the aetiology of infertility. (3) HOXA10 gene may play a role in decidua lization of endometrium during early pregnancy.
The kernel of Ribet’s isogeny for genus three Shimura curves

There are exactly nine reduced discriminants D of indefinite quaternion algebras over Q for which the Shimura curve XD attached to D has genus 3. We present equations for these nine curves. Moreover, for each D we determine a subgroup c(D) of cuspidal divisors of degree zero of the new part of the Jacobian of the modular curve of level D such that the abelian variety quotient by c(D) is the jacobian of the curve XD.
I. THE PRESENCE OF THE FUTURE

We view the sense of presence as being the result of an evolved neuropsychological process, created through the evolution of the central nervous system, and which solves a key problem for an organism’s survival: how to differentiate between the internal (the self) and the external (the other). When we experience strong mediated presence, our experience is that the technology has become part of the self, and the mediated reality part of the other. There is no attentional effort of access to information. We can perceive and often act directly, as if unmediated. The rapidly developing phenomena of mediated presence point beyond the replacement of the world with virtual other worlds, and towards dynamically changing relationships between self (and selves) and others. We discuss the implications these developments for the future of the sense of presence and of presence research. 1. The past and future evolution of presence
Stroke Prevention Using the Oral Direct Thrombin Inhibitor Ximelagatran in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation

Background: To show results of a prespecified pooled analysis of the studies SPORTIF III (open-label) and SPORTIF V (double-blind), to assess the homogeneity of the results and to explore subgroup analyses and adverse events. Methods and Results: 7,329 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≧1 additional stroke risk factor were randomized to warfarin (international normalized ratio 2.0–3.0) or ximelagatran (36 mg twice daily). Over 11,346 patient-years (mean 18.5 months/patient), 184 patients developed primary events of stroke and systemic embolism (ximelagatran 1.62 vs. warfarin 1.65%/year; p = 0.94). Heterogeneity between trials with respect to the primary event rate (study-by-treatment interaction p = 0.026) was found. This could not be explained statistically by baseline patient characteristics or by treatment (except perhaps by the better anticoagulation with warfarin in SPORTIF V) and was not evident for secondary end-points. There was no conclusive difference in major bleeding rates (ximelagatran 1.88 vs. warfarin 2.46%/year; p = 0.054), but combined minor plus major bleeding was lower with ximelagatran (31.7 vs. 38.7%/year; p < 0.0001). Elevation of liver enzymes occurred more frequently in patients taking ximelagatran (6.1% vs. warfarin 0.8%; p < 0.0001) and was reversible except in rare cases. Conclusions: Fixed-dose oral ximelagatran without coagulation monitoring prevented stroke and systemic embolism as effectively as warfarin in patients with AF. Differences in the results of the two trials might relate to consistency of warfarin anticoagulation, different degree of blinding in the two trials, other concomitant therapies or chance. Further investigation is required to explore the long-term safety profile of ximelagatran.
Modeling Prehension for Physical Collaboration in Virtual Environments

The modeling of human movement is vital for a complete understanding of complex human–computer interaction. As three-dimensional collaborative tangible user interfaces (TUIs) evolve, research is needed to understand how people physically interact with each other within a virtual environment. Previous study of physical collaboration in virtual environments has utilized Fitts' law to model gross upper-extremity movement in a passing task. However, no study has modeled passing tasks that require precision grasp with the human hand, an important feature of human–computer interaction in TUIs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of Fitts' law in modeling movement time for a precision passing task in a 3D TUI, and to assess the coordination between passer and receiver using kinematic parameters. In this experiment, 12 participants (six male, mean age 22.6 years) performed a prehensile passing task within a desktop virtual environment. Results detail the kinematic events required to achieve the necessary temporal and spatial coordination specific to the passing task. Further, results indicate that Fitts' model does not adequately explain movement time for this task (R 2 = .51). This finding challenges the external validity of previous results. We argue that the task-specific complexity of human neuromotor control should be considered when using predictive models in 3D TUI design.
Feedback well-posedness and stabilizability of bimodal piecewise affine systems

This paper addresses the feedback wellposedness problem, namely the problem of feedback equivalence to a well-posed system, and the stabilization problem of bimodal piecewise affine systems. In the former problem, we give a characterization of all feedback well-posed systems. Based on this characterization, we show that feedback well-posed systems are stabilizable with well-posedness under some assumptions. Two typical examples of control problems of this kind of systems are also presented.
BDNF and NT‐3 promote thalamocortical axon growth with distinct substrate and temporal dependency

The role of neurotrophins in thalamic axon growth was studied by culturing embryonic rat thalamus on collagen‐coated substrate or fixed cortical slices in the presence of either brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3). Both BDNF and NT‐3 promoted axonal growth, but the axonal growth‐promoting activity depended on culture substrates. Axonal growth on collagen‐coated membrane was accelerated by BDNF, but not by NT‐3. In contrast, axonal outgrowth on fixed cortex was significantly enhanced by NT‐3, but not by BDNF. Semi‐quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analysis of cultured thalamic cells demonstrated that culture substrates did not alter the expression of their receptors, trkB and trkC. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining further demonstrated that axonal growth promoted by neurotrophins was not due to reduction of cell death. Measurement of the developmental changes in BDNF and NT‐3 levels revealed that, in contrast to the rapid elevation of BDNF after the arrival of thalamocortical axons to their target layer, the regulation of NT‐3 protein accompanies the phase of their outgrowth in neocortex. These findings suggest that BDNF and NT‐3 promote thalamic axon growth in different manners in terms of substrate dependency and developmental stage.
Probabilistic image reconstruction for radio interferometers

We present a novel, general-purpose method for deconvolving and denoising images from gridded radio interferometric visibilities using Bayesian inference based on a Gaussian process model. The method automatically takes into account incomplete coverage of the uv-plane and mode coupling due to the beam. Our method uses Gibbs sampling to efficiently explore the full posterior distribution of the underlying signal image given the data. We use a set of widely diverse mock images with a realistic interferometer setup and level of noise to assess the method. Compared to results from a proxy for the CLEAN method we find that in terms of RMS error and signal-to-noise ratio our approach performs better than traditional deconvolution techniques, regardless of the structure of the source image in our test suite. Our implementation scales as O(np log np), provides full statistical and uncertainty information of the reconstructed image, requires no supervision, and provides a robust, consistent framework for incorporating noise and parameter marginalizations and foreground removal.