Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting the Sustainable Development of HRS in Transforming Economies: A fsQCA Approach

Human resources services (HRS) are kinds of services concerning human resources acquisition, development, and allocation provided to employers and workers. The services promote the efficiency and effectiveness of the human resources market. Recently, the services have been regarded as crucial for the sustainable development of the national economy, attracting policymakers in transforming economies to promote the expansions of the services. This paper presents a systematic study of factors that affect the development of the services. In this text, the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method was used to explore the configurations of the factors that drive the growth of the services. The data was from province governments’ statistics and influential research reports in China, and each province observation was considered as a case (in fsQCA terms). In this article, the marketization of human resources (MOHR) referring to allocating human resources through the labor market rather than government bureaucracy, is a possible necessary condition for the boom of the HRS. Moreover, we identified seven paths to explain both the high and low development level of HRS. Among the paths, the configuration of general development of regional economy, social legitimacy of the services, and marketization of human resources are the basic conditions that lead to a high growth rate of the HRS. These research findings enriched our understanding of the valid strategies for cultivating the services industry in China and other transforming countries. To cultivate and upgrade the services, we suggested that transforming economies should pay more attention to economic internationalization and speed up the marketization of human resources.
Vertical silicon etching by using an automatically and fast-controlled frequency tunable rf plasma source

An automatically and fast-controlled frequency tunable radiofrequency (rf) system is employed to a plasma etching device, where the rf system contains two rf amplifiers operational in 37 MHz–43 MHz for a plasma source and a wafer stage. Both impedance matching circuits for the source and the wafer stage have no variable capacitors, leading a compact design of the rf system; the power reflection can be minimized by adjusting the frequencies. The rf frequency and the output power are automatically controlled so as to minimize a reflection coefficient and to maintain a constant net power corresponding to a forward power minus a reflected power for both the source and the stage. The source is operated with SF6 and C4F8 gases for silicon etching and passivation in the Bosch process, respectively. For both the cases, the impedance tuning can be accomplished within several ms and the net power is maintained at a constant level. By alternatively switching the SF6 and C4F8 plasmas with pulse widths of 5 s and 2 s, respectively, a vertical silicon etching is performed, where a scallop structure is clearly formed on the etching side wall. By shortening the pulse widths down to 1 s and 0.4 s for the SF6 and C4F8 plasmas, the size of the scallop structure is significantly reduced; the usability of the automatically and fast-controlled rf plasma source for the Bosch process is demonstrated.
Molecular characterization of soybean (glycine max) accessions from the international collection of the plant gene resources of Canada: germplasm identification

ABSTRACT Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important crops in the world in terms of total production and usage. Evaluation of gene bank accessions such as the international collections of soybean (Glycine max) of the Plant Gene Resources of Canada has not been undertaken at the molecular level. The main objectives of the present study were to 1) determine the level of genetic variation and distance among G. max accessions from the international collections of the Plant Gene Resources of Canada and 2) develop and characterize accession-diagnostic inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers that can be used in soybean molecular breeding programs. Genomic DNAs from 108 soybeans (G. max) accessions from 11 different countries were analyzed using ISSR primers. The levels of polymorphic loci detected were in general moderate varying from 29% to 52%. Overall, 82% of genetic distance values among accessions were above 0.40 based on ISSR analysis. This suggests that the genetic diversity among and within soybean accessions might not be as low as other studies have demonstrated. The soybean accessions from the Netherlands, China, France, and Sweden were the least genetically variable. The dendrograms constructed with ISSR data revealed that the South Korean accessions formed an out-group. The ISSR markers successfully distinguished soybean accessions within each group (country). In fact, several accession-diagnostic markers were identified in each of the 11 groups. They represent useful tools in soybean molecular breeding programs. One accession-diagnostic marker was cloned, sequenced, and converted to a SCAR marker.
Observation of Ultrafast Exciton–Exciton Annihilation in CsPbBr3 Quantum Dots

1993 wileyonlinelibrary.com C o m m u n iC a io n However, so far very few researches on fundamental carrier dynamics have been concentrated on halide perovskite QDs, especially in high excitation densities when more than one exciton are generated in each QD on average, namely, multiplephoton absorption. In this work, the exciton recombination and relaxation dynamics in colloidal CsPbBr3 QDs have been studied by transient absorption spectrum and time-resolved PL. Excited by 400 nm laser, the QDs show single exciton radiative recombination below the excitation density of 1 μJ cm−1. While at higher intensities, a faster process with quadratic decay is found and can be attributed to exciton–exciton annihilation, which may have influence to conversion efficiency of solar cells and other photovoltaic applications based on lead halide perovskite QDs. The synthesis of CsPbBr3 QDs has been reported in many other papers. [6,11,17] Details can be seen in the Experimental Section below. Figure 1a shows high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) image of the CsPbBr3 QDs. The average edge length is determined to be 11.4 nm, as shown in Figure 1b. This 11.4 nm size is comparative to the Bohr diameter (≈7 nm) of the Wannier–Mott excitons in CsPbBr3 perovskites. [6] Thus, strong spatial confinement leads to discrete electron and hole levels. Optical transition between these levels results in discrete absorption bands, as shown in the linear absorption spectrum (red line in Figure 1c). [26] The PL spectrum is centered at 513 nm with linewidth of ≈100 meV. PL Qys are estimated to be 88% according to integrating sphere measurements. Compared to bulk counterpart with the bandgap of ≈2.25 eV (550 nm),[27] the blueshift of the PL spectrum is mainly attributed to the confinement energy. [6] The PL decay is measured by time correlated single photon counting (TCSPC), with an instrument response function (IRF) of 300 ps. Picosecond diode laser (Becker&Hickl BDL-405-SMN) provides picosecond pulse (405 nm, ≈80 ps, 50 MHz) to excite the CsPbBr3 QDs. The typical result is shown in Figure 1d. Most of the excitonic states show a single-exponential decay with the lifetime of 4.3 ns. The single-exponential decay in conjunction with the high Qys clearly shows that the carrier relaxation in CsPbBr3 QDs is dominated by radiative recombination, while the trapping states are less important. To elucidate the recombination mechanisms at the bandedge of the semiconducting CsPbBr3 QDs over a range of excitation intensities, the recovery kinetics of the interband transition can be modelled by the simple rate equation[28–30]
Preliminary test estimation in uniformly locally asymptotically normal models

Preliminary test estimation is a methodology that combines goodness‐of‐fit testing and estimation. It is a classical procedure when it is suspected that the parameter to be estimated satisfies some prespecified constraints. In the present paper, we establish general results on the asymptotic behavior of preliminary test estimators. More precisely, we show that, in uniformly locally asymptotically normal (ULAN) models, a general asymptotic theory can be derived for preliminary test estimators based on estimators admitting generic Bahadur‐type representations. This allows for a detailed comparison between classical estimators and preliminary test estimators in ULAN models. Our results, that, in standard linear regression models, are shown to reduce to some classical results, are also illustrated in more modern and involved setups, such as the multisample one where m covariance matrices ∑1,…,∑m are to be estimated when it is suspected that these matrices might be equal, might be proportional, or might share a common “scale”. Simulation results confirm our theoretical findings and an illustration on a real data example is provided.
A novel structured sparse fully connected layer in convolutional neural networks

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are one of the factors supporting the rapid development of artificial intelligent techniques. However, as the ability of the network increases, the size of the network becomes larger. Thus far, several works related to reduction of the network size have been tackled. In many cases, these approaches produce an unstructured network which prevents efficient parallel computation. To avoid this problem, we propose a novel structured sparse fully connected layer (FCL) in the CNNs. The aim of our proposed approach is reduction of the number of network parameters in the FCLs which occupy a large part of network parameters. Unlike the general FCLs used in the popular CNNs such as VGG‐16, the proposed approach reduces the connection between the last convolutional layer and the first FCL. In addition, we show an implementation for the proposed sparse FCLs on the GPU using cuBLAS. As a result for ILSVRC‐2012 dataset, the proposed approach achieves a 21.3 times compression with 0.68% top‐1 accuracy and 0.31% top‐5 accuracy decreases for VGG‐16. The implementation of the proposed FCLs achieves speed‐up factor 14.97 and 16.67 for forward and backward propagation compared to that for the noncompressed FCLs, respectively.
PENGUJIAN DAMPAK LEVERAGE TERHADAP RISIKO SISTEMATIK PERUSAHAAN (Studi pada Bank Syariah di Bursa Efek Indonesia)

Islamic financial institutions are not allowed by syar'i to use interest-based debt. Interest as a fixed cost component originating from the aspect of meeting financial leverage (financial leverage) will have implications for the company's systematic risk. On this basis, this study aims to examine how the impact of leverage (on Islamic financial institutions which normatively does not have financial leverage) on the systematic risk of companies. This study uses data derived from Islamic bank financial reports for the period 2014 2018, which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) which is summarized in the ICMD. The data analysis technique uses regression analysis with partial least square (PLS) to get an overview of the relationship and impact of leverage on company systematic risk (ß). The results of this study found that the level of leverage simultaneously, namely; Operational leverage (DOL), statistically does not have a significant effect on company systematic risk, while financial leverage (DFL) has a statistically significant and negative effect on company systematic risk.
Perceptions and Application of the Ecosystem Services Approach among Pacific Northwest National Forest Managers

The ecosystem services concept has emerged as a guiding principle in natural resource management over the past two decades, and an ecosystem services approach to management is currently mandated as a core element of United States National Forest planning. However, the concept of ecosystem services has been interpreted and operationalized in a variety of ways, leaving a pronounced knowledge gap regarding how it is understood and implemented in different contexts. To better understand the conceptualization and implementation of the concept within United States National Forests, semi-structured interviews with planners and managers of the Pacific Northwest Region were conducted at the region, forest, and ranger district levels, addressing the following topics: (1) how has the ecosystem services concept been perceived by managers and planners? ; (2) what are the perceived key ecosystem services offered by National Forest lands? ; (3) how has the concept been applied at multiple spatial scales? ; and (4) what are perceived challenges or opportunities related to applying the concept in the National Forest context? Results indicate that although participants had a high level of understanding of the ecosystem services concept, there was not a clear, widely adopted approach to considering ecosystem services in management. Through qualitative analysis, three general perspectives arose: one employed the concept to fulfill regulatory requirements at the National Forest scale, a second engaged with ecosystem services to improve participatory planning at the project scale, and a third, business as usual perspective, considered ecosystem services as new language for describing longstanding National Forest priorities. These results draw attention to the challenges of implementing an ecosystem services-based approach in the United States National Forest context and the continued need for the development of management-relevant methods for describing and quantifying ecosystem services.
Polycaprolactone‐hydroxy apatite composites for tissue engineering applications

In this study, scaffolds with polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydroxy apatite (HA) were produced. Their properties are not sufficient to be used alone. Oleic Acid (OA) and glycerol monooleate (GMO) as organic additives were selected for a homogeneous distribution of the ceramic material in the polymer matrix. Biocomposite materials were prepared with solvent casting‐salt leaching technique using dichloromethane as the solvent. Salt was used as the porosifier. Materials were kept in simulated body fluid (SBF) to determine the bioactivity in vitro conditions. FTIR and EDX analyses for chemical characterization, tensile and compressive tests for mechanical properties, SEM analyses for surface properties and BET analyses for pore sizes, total surface areas and total pore volumes of scaffolds were performed. FTIR, EDX, and SEM analyses were repeated after SBF treatment. Pore diameters were highly increased with 3 and 20 wt% HA addition. Small amount of GMO addition is more effective on pore size. Mechanical properties of scaffolds were suitable for soft tissue applications, as smooth muscle cells, skin and cancellous bone. The cytotoxicity and cell proliferation on scaffolds were studied with smooth muscle cells (SMC) and L929 fibroblastic cells in vitro. No cytotoxic effect was observed for the scaffolds in both cell types. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL. , 24:248–261, 2018. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers
Pharmacological therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of monotherapy, augmentation and head-to-head approaches

ABSTRACT Background: Pharmacological approaches are widely used for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) despite uncertainty over efficacy. Objectives: To determine the efficacy of all pharmacological approaches, including monotherapy, augmentation and head-to-head approaches (drug versus drug, drug versus psychotherapy), in reducing PTSD symptom severity. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials were undertaken; 115 studies were included. Results: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were found to be statistically superior to placebo in reduction of PTSD symptoms but the effect size was small (standardised mean difference −0.28, 95% CI −0.39 to −0.17). For individual monotherapy agents compared to placebo in two or more studies, we found small statistically significant evidence for the antidepressants fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine and the antipsychotic quetiapine. For pharmacological augmentation, we found small statistically significant evidence for prazosin and risperidone. Conclusions: Some medications have a small positive effect on reducing PTSD symptom severity and can be considered as potential monotherapy treatments; these include fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine and quetiapine. Two medications, prazosin and risperidone, also have a small positive effect when used to augment pharmacological monotherapy. There was no evidence of superiority for one intervention over another in the small number of head-to-head comparison studies. HIGHLIGHTS • Our review found evidence of a small positive effect for a handful of medications, which can reduce the symptom severity in post-traumatic stress disorder. • These were fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine and the antipsychotic quetiapine when used as monotherapy, prazosin and risperidone for augmentation.
Role of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Swimming Exercise in Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model

Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) is a major chronic complications of DMII. Clinical investigations have revealed that uncontrolled DM II is frequently associated with lower levels of BDNF. This study assessed whether diminished BDNF level is the reason of CAN caused by DM II and if swimming aerobic exercise can increase BDNF level to ameliorate that CAN . Sixty rats were divided into six groups. Group I; Normal (N), Group 2; BDNF blocker, Group 3; DM II, Group 4; DM II + BDNF, Group 5; DM II + Swimming exercise and Group 6; DM II + Swimming exercise + BDNF blocker. Induction of DM II was done by intraperitoneal injection of 180 mg/kg of Nicotinamide 30 minutes before injection of 50 mg/kg Streptstozin. Swimming exercise began with a 1-week adaptation with gradual increase of swimming duration until reaching 1h swimming/day at the end of the 1st week. Then, a 7-weeks training program with 5 days/week swimming was followed. The duration of the experiment was 8 weeks during which the following parameters were measured: body weight, random blood glucose “RBG” level, plasma insulin level, heart rate “HR”, systolic blood pressure “SBP”, heart rate variability “HRV”, baroreflex sensitivity “BRS”, vascular sympathetic tone “VST” and plasma BDNF. Results revealed that BDNF significantly improved RBG level, HRV, VMT and BRS. Swimming exercise significantly increases plasma BDNF level and also improved CAN. Conclusively, BDNF can be used as a treatment regimen for CAN. Also swimming exercise has great therapeutic effect on CAN maybe by producing BDNF.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Population: A Nationally Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Currently, China has an increasingly aging population. However, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in this high-risk population for metabolic diseases remains unknown. To investigate the age and gender specific prevalence and associated factors of MetS in Chinese middle-aged and elderly population, we did the study on it. Methods: Data were retrieved from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and subjected to descriptive statistics. Further, univariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the relevant factors, and then multivariate logistic regression was selected to construct the final model. Results: In present study, a total of 10,834 participants were included. The overall prevalence of MetS was 32.97% as defined by International Diabetes Federation and 29.75% under National Cholesterol Education Program - The Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. With aging, prevalence of MetS descended in males, while ascended in females. In the >70 years old group, the prevalence of MetS was three times higher in females than that in males (50.43% versus 16.03%). Across all age groups and sexes, the prevalence of MetS in urban areas was significantly higher than in rural areas. In addition, regardless of gender, the prevalence was highest for those living in the north region (28.41% for males & 51.74% for females) and lowest for those living in the southwest region (13.91% for males & 31.58% for females). Finally, two specific correlates, afternoon nap and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), were identified in present study (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of MetS varied in different age groups, sexes, living areas and regions and was associated with afternoon nap and BUN.
Detection of Target and Suppression of Sea and Weather Clutter in Stormy Weather by Weibull/CFAR

In stormy weather due to typhoon approaching the Izu Islands, I have observed sea and weather clutter containing a target (ship) using an S‐band radar with a frequency of 3.05 GHz, a beamwidth of 1.8°, a pulsewidth of 0.5 μs, and a pulse‐repetition frequency of 1600 Hz. To analyze such clutter amplitude statistics, I have used partial Q–Q plot, which is more rigorous fit of the distribution to the data than conventional Q–Q plot. It has been found that the sea and weather clutter amplitudes obey the Weibull distribution with the shape parameters of c = 6.23 for entire data and c = 5.83 to 8.78 for small data within the beamwidth of an antenna. I have applied Weibull/CFAR (constant false alarm rate) circuit configured by modifying cell‐averaging (CA) LOG/CFAR circuit to the observed data. It has been found that ship is detected, and sea and weather clutter is suppressed with improvement of 33.61 dB by Weibull/CFAR. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Sustainable Electric Personal Mobility: The Design of a Wireless Charging Infrastructure for Urban Tourism

Though new technologies have been applied in all industries, electric mobility technology using eco-friendly energy is drawing a great deal of attention. This research focuses on a personal electric mobility system for urban tourism. Some tourism sites such as Gyeongju, Korea, have broad spaces for tourists to walk around, but the public transportation system has been insufficiently developed due to economic reasons. Therefore, personal mobility technology such as electric scooters can be regarded as efficient alternatives. For the operation of electric scooters, a charging infrastructure is necessary. Generally, scooters can be charged via wires, but this research suggests an advanced electric personal mobility system based on wireless electric charging technology that can accommodate user convenience. A mathematical model-based optimization was adopted to derive an efficient design for a wireless charging infrastructure while minimizing total investment costs. By considering the type of tourists and their tour features, optimal locations and lengths of the static and dynamic wireless charging infrastructure are derived. By referring to this research, urban tourism can handle transportation issues from a sustainable point of view. Moreover, urban tourism will have a better chance of attracting tourists by conserving heritage sites and by facilitating outdoor activities with electric personal mobility.