Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Behavioral prevention is today's AIDS vaccine!

INTRODUCTION Behavioral prevention is currently the only effective way to stem the further spread of HIV. This article reviews the pro-active programmatic model of behavioral research that has led to the development and testing of successful HIV/STD preventive interventions in the last fifteen years. OBJECTIVE To present (1) a model of behavioral prevention adapting phases of clinical trials research: Phase I: Discovery; Phase II: Exploratory; Phase III: Efficacy; and Phase IV: Effectiveness; and (2) a theoretical framework for behavioral prevention; and (3) A Lifespan Model of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention which can be used to design HIV/STD prevention programs across the lifespan, at different levels (e.g., individual, couple, family, community, societal) using different intervention modalities. CONCLUSIONS Behavioral prevention is effective with different age groups and at different levels of intervention when the prevention program has a theoretical basis. Behavioral prevention works now and can be mobilized within a community to address all of the factors associated with the rapid development of an epidemic. Behavioral prevention is cost effective and can be delivered in communities that have limited resources.
On Decidability of the Control Reachability Problem in the Asynchronous pi-Calculus

We study the decidability of the control reachability problem for various fragments of the asynchronous π-calculus. We consider the combination of three main features: name generation, name mobility, and unbounded control. We show that the combination of name generation with either name mobility or unbounded control leads to an undecidable fragment. On the other hand, we prove that name generation with unique receiver and bounded input (a condition weaker than bounded control) is decidable by reduction to the coverability problem for Petri nets with transfer (and back).
Clustering by group consensus of unstable dynamic linear high-order multi-agent systems

This paper introduces an approach of clustering, based on group consensus of dynamic linear high-order multi-agent systems. The graph topology is associated with a selected multi-agent system, with each agent corresponding to one vertex. In order to reveal the cluster structure, the agents belonging to a similar cluster are expected to aggregate together. As theoretical foundation, a necessary and sufficient condition is proposed to check the group consensus. A numerical instance is shown to illustrate the computation process.
Catégorisation automatique de pages web chinoises - documents spécialisés vs grand public sur le tabagisme

A vacuum container is evacuated to be kept at an ultra-high vacuum. Valve means is provided for connecting and disconnecting the inside of the vacuum container with and from the outside thereof, and includes a vacuum-tight seal made of a high polymer having a water absorptivity of 0.1% and less and an outgassing rate of 2x10-6 (Torrxl/sec/cm2:at 200 DEG C.) and less.
The effect of zinc supply and succinate treatment on plant growth and mineral uptake in pea plant

The influence of succinate treatment on Zn toxicity was investigated using plant growth and mineral uptake as stress indicators. Pea plants (Pisum sativum L., cv. Citrine) were treated with various Zn concentrations (0.67 to 700 mM Zn) in the presence and absence of 0.2 mM Na-succinate. Plants pre-treated with succinate and then exposed to Zn exhibited higher dry root, stem and leaf weight than the plants treated with Zn alone. An increase in Zn supply resulted in a decrease in the concentrations of Ca, Mg, P in the roots and an increase of Ca and N levels in the stems and leaves. The amount of Zn in the roots, stems and leaves increased with greater Zn rates. The succinate treatment increased P in the roots but did not affect the Ca, N and Mg contents in Zn-treated plants. Most of the Zn taken up was retained in the roots after succinate treatment. The ameliorative effect of succinate on plant growth could be due to a lower Zn translocation in the leaves and stems and increased Zn accumulation in the roots. Lower Zn translocation in aboveground parts seemed to result from Zn complexing by organic anion in the roots. This probably caused less Zn transport to the stems and leaves and suggested that succinate has potential for complexing with Zn and may play a role in tolerance to high Zn levels.
All-trans-retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

BACKGROUND All-trans-retinoic acid induces complete remission in acute promyelocytic leukemia. However, it is not clear whether induction therapy with all-trans-retinoic acid is superior to chemotherapy alone or whether maintenance treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid improves outcome. METHODS Three hundred forty-six patients with previously untreated acute promyelocytic leukemia were randomly assigned to receive all-trans-retinoic acid or daunorubicin plus cytarabine as induction treatment. Patients who had a complete remission received consolidation therapy consisting of one cycle of treatment identical to the induction chemotherapy, then high-dose cytarabine plus daunorubicin. Patients still in complete remission after two cycles of consolidation therapy were then randomly assigned to maintenance treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid or to observation. RESULTS Of the 174 patients treated with chemotherapy, 120 (69 percent) had a complete remission, as did 124 of the 172 (72 percent) given all-trans-retinoic acid (P=0.56). When both induction and maintenance treatments were taken into account, the estimated rates of disease-free survival at one, two, and three years were 77, 61, and 55 percent, respectively, for patients assigned to chemotherapy then all-trans-retinoic acid; 86, 75, and 75 percent for all-trans-retinoic acid then all-trans-retinoic acid; 75, 60, and 60 percent for all-trans-retinoic acid then observation; and 29, 18, and 18 percent for chemotherapy then observation. By intention-to-treat analysis, the rates of overall survival at one, two, and three years after entry into the study were 75, 57, and 50 percent, respectively, among patients assigned to chemotherapy, and 82, 72, and 67 percent among those assigned to all-trans-retinoic acid (P= 0.003). CONCLUSIONS All-trans-retinoic acid as induction or maintenance treatment improves disease-free and overall survival as compared with chemotherapy alone and should be included in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Hoivayrittäjän arki: lämpöä, puhtautta ja johtamista

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan sosiaalipalveluyrityksen johtamista neljan hoivayrityksen omistaja-yrittajan haastattelun kautta. Aineisto kerattiin osana Hoivayrittaja johtajana -tutkimushanketta. Hankkeessa kavi ilmi, etta monet hoivayrittajat suhtautuvat ambivalentisti itseensa johtajina. Artikkelin lahtokohtana on taman ambivalenssin tarkempi analyysi ja tarkastelu suhteessa hoivayritysten muuttuvaan toimintaymparistoon. Haastatellut naisyrittajat eivat tunnustautuneet johtajiksi tiettyjen sukupuolittuneiden johtajan ja johtamisen mielikuvien valossa. Esiin nousivat hoivayritysten erityispiirteet: pienja naisyrittajyys seka asiakaslahtoinen toimintatapa. Johtajuus ei rakentunut ammattijohtamisen kaavan mukaisesti, vaan nojautui hoitotyon osaamiselle ja ammatillisille arvoille, yhteiselle perustyolle ja tasavertaisuudelle. Johtaminen emannointina oli huolehtivaa, mutta jamakkaa toiminnan organisointia ja sen perusedellytyksien varmistamista. Hoivayritysten ja niiden johtamisen kehittamisessa tulisi ottaa huomioon alan erityispiirteet ja kunnioittaa siihen liittyvaa hoitotyon osaamista.
A Novel CPW-fed Optimized UWB Printed Antenna

An optimized coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed, ultra-wideband (UWB) printed radiator is presented. Balanced shapes are incorporated to the radiating section so that the impedance is matched in a balanced manner over the intended bandwidth. Both the CPW-feed and the antenna sections are realized on one single layer of standard RT5870 high frequency laminate. The radiator possesses good UWB-characteristics in the designed spectrum (4.2 to 14.2 GHz). These include nearly perfectly symmetrical patterns, no side-lobes, no cross-polar components in the symmetrical axial plane and low cross-polar components in all other planes, balanced impedance bandwidth, and almost 4 octaves impedance bandwidth.
Role of 5‐HT1‐like receptors in the reduction of porcine cranial arteriovenous anastomotic shunting by sumatriptan

1 The new tryptamine derivative sumatriptan (GR43175) is effective in the treatment of migraine. Since several antimigraine agents reduce cranial arteriovenous anastomotic blood flow in the anaesthetized pig, we have investigated the carotid haemodynamic effects of sumatriptan. 2 Sumatriptan (10, 30, 100 and 300 μg kg−1, i.v.) reduced total common carotid blood flow, exclusively by affecting its arteriovenous anastomotic fraction; the capillary fraction even increased with the highest doses. 3 These reductions in the carotid arteriovenous anastomotic (‘shunt’) blood flow were mediated by a 5‐HT1‐like receptor, as methiothepin, but not ketanserin, antagonized the responses to sumatriptan. 4 Sumatriptan increased the difference in oxygen saturation between arterial and jugular venous blood, which is likely to be a consequence of the reduction of the carotid shunt blood flow. 5 The selective reduction in arteriovenous anastomotic blood flow produced by sumatriptan may reflect its antimigraine action, thought to involve vasoconstriction of those cranial vessels, be they ‘shunt’ vessels or not, which are distended and inflamed during a migraine attack.
Unavoidable set of face types for planar maps

The type of a face f of a planar map is a sequence of degrees of vertices of f as they are encountered when traversing the boundary of f . A set T of face types is found such that in any normal planar map there is a face with type from T . The set T has four infinite series of types as, in a certain sense, the minimum possible number. An analogous result is applied to obtain new upper bounds for the cyclic chromatic number of 3-connected planar maps.
Inhibition by N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester of the electrocortical arousal response in rats.

In rats chronically implanted with cannulae into one lateral cerebral ventricle and recording electrodes onto the fronto-parietal cortex, the effects of systemic or intraventricular administration of the nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibitor, N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), on electrocortical (ECoG) arousal response evoked by sound stimulation were studied. In control animals, a single acoustic stimulation (80 dB for 15 s) produced a significant decrease in ECoG total voltage power lasting approximately 25 s. No tolerance developed after repeating the same sound stimulation at 15, 30, 60 min and 24 h intervals. Under these experimental conditions, pretreatment with L-NAME, given systemically (10 mg kg-1, i.p.) or intracerebroventricularly (300 micrograms), significantly reduced the sound-evoked arousal response 1 h and 15 min later, respectively. In conclusion, the present data are in favour of a physiological role of NO in the control of arousal mechanisms.
Serum thyroglobulin, high-resolution ultrasound, and lymph node thyroglobulin in diagnosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma nodal metastases.

CONTEXT Clinically enlarged cervical lymph nodes in patients with a history of thyroid cancer are usually assessed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) followed by cytology with or without tissue core. Thyroglobulin (Tg) is frequently elevated in malignant FNAB needle-wash specimens and may possibly augment or replace cytology. Furthermore, the combination of undetectable serum Tg and an innocuous ultrasound might altogether obviate the need for biopsy. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the study were to: 1) determine an appropriate diagnostic cutoff for Tg levels in FNAB; 2) assess the diagnostic performance at this cutoff; and 3) compare serum Tg and FNAB needle-wash Tg levels to determine whether serum Tg levels predict positive Tg FNAB. DESIGN This was a retrospective study of 122 FNAB samples in 88 athyrotic thyroid cancer patients. RESULTS Fifty of 52 nonmalignant FNAB samples (96.2%) had Tg 1 ng/ml or less. All 70 malignant FNAB had Tg greater than 1 ng/ml. Of 103 specimens with diagnostic cytology, five (4.9%) had discordant Tg results; in four of these FNAB Tg was concordant with the final diagnosis. Eighteen of 19 (94.7%) FNAB with nondiagnostic (n = 16) or absent (n = 3) cytology were correctly classified by FNAB needle-wash Tg. Undetectable (<0.1 ng/ml) serum Tg was associated with a negative diagnosis in 21 of 23 biopsies (91.7%); the two cancer-positive samples were both serum Tg autoantibody positive and classified as suspicious by ultrasonography. CONCLUSIONS Nodal FNAB needle-wash Tg measurements complement cytology in thyroid cancer follow-up and might substitute for it. The combination of unremarkable ultrasonography and an undetectable serum Tg in Tg autoantibody-negative patients might obviate the need for FNAB.
A study of right shoulder injury in collegiate and professional orchestral cellists: an investigation using questionnaires and physical assessment.

UNLABELLED Cellists sustain high levels of playing-related injury and are particularly susceptible to right shoulder pain, yet no studies have attempted to propose a mechanism for disease or establish possible causal factors. The aim of this study was to investigate shoulder injury levels and causes in two populations: professional orchestral cellists and college-level student cellists. METHODS A questionnaire and physical testing protocol was applied to both groups of participants, eliciting information on lifestyle, playing habits, and self-reported injury rates as well as physical data on shoulder strength, range of motion, and signs of injury. RESULTS Right shoulder injuries are common among both student (20%) and professional (42%) cellists and seem to be associated with measures indicating potential lack of strength in the scapular stabilisers as well as potential degenerative changes in the rotator cuff. Significant differences were found in the lifestyle and playing habits of the two groups. There were increased signs of pain and stiffness in the professionals and evidence of decreased muscular support in the students. Male cellists showed less scapular stability; female cellists, however, generally had higher levels of pain. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that injuries at the shoulder, potentially involving impingement-type pathologies, are a common cause of pain in cellists. Based on this study, future research for cello players could focus on targeted interventions, such as exercises for the scapular stabilisers and muscles of the rotator cuff.
Coagulation factor XIII: Genetic linkage studies with F13B

Linkage relations of the F13B gene with 38 marker genes are analyzed, which, along with the data of earlier reports on the same subject, brings the number of comparisons to a total of 49. Practically all the lod scores are totally negative. This will mean that the F13B gene can hardly be located on the chromosomes/chromosome arms 1p, 2p, 4q, 6p, 14p, 15p, 20q, 21p, 22 and also not on longer segments of 3q, 6q, 7q, 9p, 9q, 11q, 13q, 14q, 16p, and 16q.
Graph Algorithms: Network Inference and Planar Graph Optimization. (Algorithmes des Graphes: Inférence des Réseaux et Optimisation dans les Graphes Planaires)

This thesis focuses on two topics of graph algorithms. The first topic is network inference. How efficiently can we find an unknown graph using shortest path queries between its vertices? We assume that the graph has bounded degree. In the reconstruction problem, the goal is to find the graph; and in the verification problem, the goal is to check whether a given graph is correct. We provide randomized algorithms based on a Voronoi cell decomposition. Next, we analyze greedy algorithms, and show that they are near-optimal. We also study the problems on special graph classes, prove lower bounds, and study the approximate reconstruction. The second topic is optimization in planar graphs. We study two problems. In the correlation clustering problem, the input is a weighted graph, where every edge has a label of + or -, indicating whether its endpoints are in the same category or in different categories. The goal is to find a partition of the vertices into categories that tries to respect the labels. In the two-edge-connected augmentation problem, the input is a weighted graph and a subset R of edges. The goal is to produce a minimum-weight subset S of edges, such that for every edge in R, its endpoints are two-edge-connected in the union of R and S. For planar graphs, we reduce correlation clustering to two-edge-connected augmentation, and show that both problems, although they are NP-hard, have a polynomial-time approximation scheme. We build on the brick decomposition technique developed recently.
Nonlinear feature extraction with radial basis functions using a weighted multidimensional scaling stress measure

We investigate radial basis functions for nonlinear feature extraction. The parameters of the transformation are determined by minimising a loss term (similar to stress in multidimensional scaling) that weights components of the loss by a nonlinear function of the dissimilarities. Several forms for the nonlinear function are considered and an optimisation scheme based on iterative majorisation is used to determine the parameter values. The technique is illustrated on two data sets.
Three-phase 15kVA UPS system with power factor correction and high frequency transformer isolation

This work proposes a double conversion three-phase uninterruptible power system (UPS) with power factor correction, and high frequency (HF) transformer isolation. It's suitable for operation with line-to-line input voltages equal to 220 V or 380 V. For both input voltages, the proposed converter has almost the same efficiency processing the same output power. The front-end converter is based on three single-phase chopper modules, and the DC/AC converter is composed by a three-phase inverter with an additional leg to mitigate the voltage unbalance inherent to the series connection of DC-link bus capacitors. The relevant features are soft commutation of the controlled switches in the chopper stage, simple control strategy that can be implemented with well-known integrated circuits (IC), and the use of few batteries in series due to the step-up stage. Principle of operation of the proposed system, implemented control strategy and experimental results obtained for a 15 kVA prototype are presented.
Zenilman's Anomaly Reconsidered: Fallible Reports, Ceteris Paribus, and Other Hypotheses

Background and Objectives: In the January‐February, 1995 issue of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Zenilman and colleagues reported a null association between incident sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and self‐reported condom use. That anomalous finding generated a flurry of letters to the editor, some of which were quite heated. This article reconsiders the Zenilman team's results. Study Design: New statistical analyses were conducted to test two hypotheses that sought to account for the null association: (1) deviation from study protocol, and (2) differential risks of acquiring an incident STD among segments of the study population that varied by reported level of condom use. Results: No support was found for hypotheses concerning deviation from study protocol and differential risk of acquiring an incident STD by level of condom use. Indeed, for respondents who reported multiple sexual partners, the analyses found increased rates of infection among those who reported more consistent condom use. Conclusions: Two of the most promising hypotheses for explaining Zenilman's anomalous findings are unsupported by reanalysis of the available empirical evidence. It is still possible that respondents who reported that they used condoms consistently differed from self‐reported nonusers or inconsistent users in some way that altered their risk of acquiring an STD and thus obscured the protective effects of properly used condoms. Nonetheless, as Zenilman and others suggest, fallibility in self‐reports of condom use remains the primary suspect as the cause of these anomalous results. Such fallibility may be particularly pronounced when self‐reported behavioral data are collected in contexts that include strong educational campaigns or other norm‐setting interventions.
A review of neural network based techniques for nonlinear microwave device modeling

Nonlinear microwave device modeling is an important part of computer-aided design (CAD) and many papers have been published in the literature. This paper presents a review of neural network based techniques for nonlinear microwave device modeling including recurrent neural network (RNN), neuro-space mapping (Neuro-SM) and dynamic Neuro-SM techniques. Large-signal waveforms or DC, small-signal and large-signal harmonic data are used as training data. Compared with conventional equivalent circuit models, the models generated by these neural network based methods are more accurate and more efficient to represent the behavior of the device.
SCD1 activity in muscle increases triglyceride PUFA content, exercise capacity, and PPARδ expression in mice[S]

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)1 converts saturated fatty acids into monounsaturated fatty acids. Using muscle overexpression, we sought to determine the role of SCD1 expression in glucose and lipid metabolism and its effects on exercise capacity in mice. Wild-type C57Bl/6 (WT) and SCD1 muscle transgenic (SCD1-Tg) mice were generated, and expression of the SCD1 transgene was restricted to skeletal muscle. SCD1 overexpression was associated with increased triglyceride (TG) content. The fatty acid composition of the muscle revealed a significant increase in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content of TG, including linoleate (18:2n6). Untrained SCD1-Tg mice also displayed significantly increased treadmill exercise capacity (WT = 6.6 ± 3 min, Tg = 71.9 ± 9.5 min; P = 0.0009). SCD1-Tg mice had decreased fasting plasma glucose, glucose transporter (GLUT)1 mRNA, fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial content, and increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)δ and Pgc-1 protein expression in skeletal muscle. In vitro studies in C2C12 myocytes revealed that linoleate (18:2n6) and not oleate (18:1n9) caused a 3-fold increase in PPARδ and a 9-fold increase in CPT-1b with a subsequent increase in fat oxidation. The present model suggests that increasing delta-9 desaturase activity of muscle increases metabolic function, exercise capacity, and lipid oxidation likely through increased PUFA content, which increases PPARδ expression and activity. However, the mechanism of action that results in increased PUFA content of SCD1-Tg mice remains to be elucidated.