Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Palaeoceanographic controls on spatial redox distribution over the Yangtze Platform during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition

The Ediacaran–Cambrian interval was an eventful transitional period, when dynamic interactions between the biosphere and its physical environment allowed the Earth System to cross into a new state, characterized by the presence of metazoans, more equable climates and more expansive oxygenation of the oceans. Due to the retreat of widespread sulphidic conditions, redox‐sensitive trace‐metals could accumulate to a greater extent in ‘black shales’ deposited in localized anoxic/euxinic environments, such as highly productive ocean margins. This study investigates the concentrations of the redox‐sensitive trace‐metals molybdenum and vanadium in organic‐rich sedimentary rocks from seven sections of the Yangtze Platform, slope and basin. Iron speciation analyses were carried out in order to distinguish oxic, anoxic‐ferruginous and anoxic‐sulphidic settings, while sulphur and nitrogen isotope ratios were measured to gain insight into sulphate and nitrate availability, respectively, in the context of changing redox conditions. The data herein demonstrate an overall increase in redox‐sensitive trace‐metal contents in black shales across the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition, but with marked temporal and spatial variability. Euxinia is evident in South China before 551 Ma in the Ediacaran, and again in the early Cambrian. However, some time‐equivalent sections are not enriched in redox‐sensitive trace‐metals, and also exhibit contrasting S‐isotope and N‐isotope systematics. A more complex configuration of the Yangtze Platform, for example with vast intra‐shelf basins, together with changing (generally rising) eustatic sea‐level may account for this variability. In this regard, it is proposed that a mid‐depth sulphidic wedge, caused by nutrient upwelling over the south‐east platform margins, migrated over time (but generally landward), leading to spatially variable redox conditions determined by sea‐level, currents and bathymetric constraints. The changing extents of anoxia and euxinia appear to have limited the distribution of emerging Ediacaran and Cambrian ecosystems.
Prosodic entrainment and trust in human-computer interaction

Despite the prevalence of findings supporting the positive relationship between entrainment and social aspects, previous research does not provide a clearly converging picture and several recent studies stress the importance of disentrainment for smooth spoken interactions. We have developed a novel scenario design to explore how prosodic entrainment relates to the trust of a human user in an avatar's ability to provide good advice. Our results with Slovak subjects suggest that 1) applications might need to boost the entrainment effect to affect trust of humans towards avatars, 2) user’s sex plays a role in developing the relationship between trust and entrainment, and 3) females tend to prefer the advice of disentrainning avatars.
Notes on Series

Remark 3. We can observe that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the elements of the sequence {xn} and the partial sums, since any partial sum of order n is constructed iteratively from the previous partial sum of order n− 1 and the term xn: sn = x1 + x2 + . + xn−1 + xn = sn−1 + xn ⇔ xn = sn − sn−1 ∀ n ≥ 2 This means that if we only know the sequence of partial sums {sn} we can still recover the original sequence {xn} by calculating each term as x1 = s1 and xn = sn − sn−1 for n ≥ 2.
WLAN Based Positioning With a Single Access Point

WLAN has lately been applied to the problem of mobility tracking and behavior analysis. To further the development of the studies in this direction the positioning system that can perform on the network side with minimal human participation is needed. One of the current limitations is the requirement on the number of reference signal available. Thus, methods that require fewer reference signals for positioning are needed. This paper provides the comparison of WLAN based positioning methods that can operate with a single AP.
Classification of SD-OCT Volumes with LBP: Application to DME Detection

This paper addresses the problem of automatic classification of Spectral Domain OCT (SD-OCT) data for automatic identification of patients with Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) versus normal subjects. Our method is based on Local Binary Patterns (LBP) features to de- scribe the texture of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images and we compare dierent LBP features extraction approaches to compute a single signature for the whole OCT volume. Experimental results with two datasets of respectively 32 and 30 OCT volumes show that regard- less of using low or high level representations, features derived from LBP texture have highly discriminative power. Moreover, the experiments show that the proposed method achieves bet- ter classification performances than other recent published works.
Temporal Framing Effects Differ for Narrative Versus Non-Narrative Messages: The Case of Promoting HPV Vaccination

Building upon extant research on temporal framing effect (i.e., relative persuasiveness of present- vs. future-oriented messages), this study investigates whether temporal framing effect differs for narrative versus non-narrative messages in the context of promoting human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among young adults. Results of a controlled experiment (N = 416) indicated that a present-oriented (vs. future-oriented) message led to more favorable attitudes and stronger intentions and perceived vaccine efficacy when the messages were presented in a narrative format, whereas a future-oriented (vs. present-oriented) message resulted in similar attitudes, intentions, and perceived vaccine efficacy when the messages were presented in a non-narrative format. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Incentive-Based Control of Asynchronous Best-Response Dynamics on Binary Decision Networks

Various populations of interacting decision-making agents can be modeled by asynchronous best-response dynamics or, equivalently, linear threshold dynamics. Building upon recent convergence results in the absence of control, we now consider how such a network can be efficiently driven to a desired equilibrium state by offering payoff incentives or rewards for using a particular strategy, either uniformly or targeted to individuals. We begin by showing that strategy changes are monotone following an increase in payoffs in coordination games, and that the resulting equilibrium is unique. Based on these results, for the case when a uniform incentive is offered to all agents, we show how to compute the optimal incentive using a binary search algorithm. When different incentives can be offered to each agent, we propose a new algorithm to select which agents should be targeted based on maximizing a ratio between the cascading effect of a strategy switch by each agent and the incentive required to cause the agent to switch. Simulations show that this algorithm computes near-optimal targeted incentives for a wide range of networks and payoff distributions in coordination games and can also be effective for anticoordination games.
Exploring linkages among transformational leadership, workplace spirituality and well-being in health care workers

Considerable data have accumulated showing positive relationships between leadership and well-being, and spirituality and well-being, but few have explored relationships among all three phenomena. In the current study, multilevel modeling was used to analyze survey data from a sample of 178 health care workers and test a proposed mediation model. As hypothesized, regression and mediation analyses revealed the effects of transformational leadership on measures of employees’ mental and spiritual well-being were fully mediated by workplace spirituality and, more specifically, respondents’ sense of community. Our results suggest that leaders influence individual well-being through their ability to enhance employees’ sense of community in the workplace.
Variation of band bending at the surface of Mg-doped InGaN: Evidence of p -type conductivity across the composition range

The variation of band bending as a function of composition at oxidized (0001) surfaces of Mg-doped InxGa1-xN is investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Distinctly different trends in barrier height are seen for the Mg-doped compared to undoped alloys, which is explained in terms of Fermi-level pinning at the surface and virtual gap states. Solutions of Poisson's equation within the modified Thomas-Fermi approximation are used to model the band bending and corresponding variation of carrier concentration with depth below the surface. A transition from a surface inversion layer for In-rich alloys to a surface hole depletion layer for Ga-rich alloys occurs at x approximate to 0.49. The trend in barrier height, calculated space-charge profiles, and difference of barrier height for undoped and Mg-doped InN indicate that Mg doping induces bulk p-type conductivity across the entire composition range.
Development of Copper-Chromium Electrical Contact Materials by Powder Forging

The electrical contacts form an integral part of circuit interrupters for which the desirable properties of contact materials are high mechanical strength, high electrical and thermal conductivity, high wear and weld resistance. Despite of different manufacturing techniques like electro-slag crucible melting, vacuum arc smelting, vacuum continuous smelting etc.; the Powder Forging being a solid state process and having high densification factor is an efficient method for the production of electrical contact materials. In the present study Cu-Cr30 wt. % alloys are prepared from elemental powders by sinter-forging. Nb is also added in varying quantities to improve the electrical and mechanical properties and the forging temperature is also varied . The variation in contact material properties due to these changes are tabulated and compared.
Discussion on Different Algorithm for Text Classification and Feature Selection

In different application domains as well as areas of research text classification is one of the well studied problems. So there is need to enhance the effective and efficient algorithm for text classification . There are many algorithm presented by different authors over the successfully and accurate text classification by different researchers. Each algorithm presented are specific to applications or some other domains of research. Some techniques presented are based on data mining and machine learning domains. The main aim of this paper is to summarize the different types of algorithm presented for text classification. In this paper we have presented the key components for text classification which will be helpful for researcher to understand the existing techniques of text classification. First we will give the overview of why there is need for feature reduction and different technique for feature selection, then the key components of text classification system. Later we will discuss the different algorithm of text classification.
The effect of graphic organizer on student's learning in school.

Graphic organizers are instrument of representation , illustration and modelling of information in visuals or graphics form that use to achieve a meaningful learning. GOs are a set of learning strategies which involve translating words expressed in linear form into visual structures. When written material or difficult concepts are expressed graphically, the students can develop alternative structures for understanding the course concepts. In this paper, illustrate the use of graphic organizers on the effects of students’ l earning in schools. Previous research studies investigating on the effects of graphic organizers on students' learning in schools are reviewed. It was found that graphic organizers had effect on the improvement of students’ comprehension, performance and motivation in learning.
Regulatory and industry influences on the communication of environmental information: a comparative study of top French and Australian firms

This study evaluates environmental disclosures in a country with explicit mandatory disclosures (France) and one where disclosures are virtually all voluntary (Australia). Comparative analysis using the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework is conducted over a two year period during the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). The top French firms disclosed 55% in each year whereas the Australian firms’ disclosures voluntarily rose from 37% to 45%. One of the strongest findings is that manufacturing firms’ level of environmental disclosures is far higher than service-orientated firms (56-60% versus 34-38%). Interestingly, the worsening global economic crisis did not precipitate a drop in such ‘social non-economic’ disclosures. A key implication is that regulation per se may not be the sole answer to improved disclosure. Instead, more carefully targeted industry rules may well deliver a higher level of corporate transparency. Future research into countries with differing regulatory expectations, financial prowess and governance systems could add further insights.
Determination of free amino acids of porcine serum responsible for the meat quality by 1 H NMR and HPLC analyses

The objective of this study was to determine alternative meat-quality factors in porcine sera. We investigated serum metabolites from high pH group (HpHG) and low pH group (LpHG) on the basis of pH 24 h of post-mortem muscle (pH 24h ). The pH 24h correlated well with the water holding capacity (WHC) of porcine meat, whereas a strongly negative correlation was observed between pH 24h and serum sodium level. For serum metabolites obtained by 1 H NMR spectra and PicoTag TM based HPLC, principal components analysis showed clear differences between the HpHG and the LpHG. The 1 H NMR spectra of serum metabolites at 600 MHz showed that free amino acids such as alanine, leucine, phenylalanine, and valine were qualitatively higher in the HpHG than in the LpHG. The relative abundance of three amino acids was quantitatively verified by HPLC: Phenylalanine and valine (P<0.01) and leucine (P<0.05). These free amino acids in porcine serum are considered as suitable indicators of meat quality in Berskshire pigs. Key words: Porcine meat quality, muscle pH, principal components analysis, serum metabolites, free amino acids.
Exploring the Stigmatization of Anorexia: A Focus on The Structural, Interpersonal, and Individual Levels of Stigma

This paper will review the literature that outlines the stigmatization of anorexia nervosa within society. I will focus on the structural, interpersonal, and individual levels of the ecological system, providing explanations and examples of how the stigmatization of anorexia nervosa manifests on each level. I will describe the consequences of societal stigmatization on individuals’ psychological and emotional health and well-being, and will examine how interpersonal stigmatization affects individuals and relationships. I then offer conclusions based on my literature findings, and offer future directions, focusing on all three levels of the ecological system, for dismantling the stigmatization of anorexia nervosa. STIGMA OF ANOREXIA NERVOSA 2
Leveraging Compression-Based Graph Mining for Behavior-Based Malware Detection

Behavior-based detection approaches commonly address the threat of statically obfuscated malware. Such approaches often use graphs to represent process or system behavior and typically employ frequency-based graph mining techniques to extract characteristic patterns from collections of malware graphs. Recent studies in the molecule mining domain suggest that frequency-based graph mining algorithms often perform sub-optimally in finding highly discriminating patterns. We propose a novel malware detection approach that uses so-called compression-based mining on quantitative data flow graphs to derive highly accurate detection models. Our evaluation on a large and diverse malware set shows that our approach outperforms frequency-based detection models in terms of detection effectiveness by more than 600 percent.
Anatomy of the antibody molecule : a continuing analysis based on high-resolution crystallographic structures

crystallographic studies of liganded and unliganded antibody molecules have provided the opportunity to analyze in more detail the structure of the antibody and its interaction with antigen, as well as the interactions between the domains of the molecule and between the framework and the complementarity-determining regions of the variable domains. The structural data now available have also allowed a more detailed analysis of the solvent accessibilities of the residues in the various domains of the molecule. The information resulting from this analysis is useful in the engineering of antibodies for therapeutic and other purposes. C
Model for Predicting Educational Domain Rate based on the Regional Level

The geographic information system (GIS) is rapidly becoming the part of current technology trends. GIS can be used to identify the factors that become the reason for an individual to adopt a field or subject. We used GIS as a major tool with the other technologies to identify the key factors. This research has analyzed that mostly people used to migrate to other cities due to unavailability of resources in their own region. Collection of data was done with the help of Survey 123 through which we were able to collect location coordinates of participants. After that, Pilot study approach used to conduct this research. Results show` that mostly user preferred to move to other cities due to unavailability of programs in local institutes. The overall idea can be used to improvement of local institutes and this research can also be used for proper and efficient allocation of facilities and resources in a region, which in turn can save money and time.
A supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way

With the high-resolution millimeter-VLBI observations, we have determined an intrinsic size of the radio-emitting region of the galactic center compact nonthermal radio source Sagittarius A~* (Sgr A~*) of only 1 AU in diameter at 3.5mm, strongly supporting its supermassive black hole nature. A full description of this work is given, along with a brief historical overview of our understanding of black hole physics over the past two centuries since the concept of black holes was first pursued in 1783. Future sub-millimeter VLBI observation is promising for revealing the fine structure of the shadow of the galactic center black hole.
Using the optical microscopy and scanning microscopy confocal laser in the evaluation of morphological and structural aspects of human pancreatic tumor cells treated with Jararhagin metalloproteinase .

The human pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an aggressive disease that develops in a relatively symptom-free manner and when diagnosed, usually is in an advanced stage. When studied in three-dimensional culture system of pancreatic tumor the cells migrate through the solid matrix constituted of spheroids growing in multicellular aggregates. Epithelial cells organize themselves into cyst-like structures that contain a spherical monolayer of cells that enclose a central lumen recreating the tumor microenvironment in vivo. The use of optical microscopy and scanning microscopy confocal laser to evaluate and certify the efficiency of Jararhagin metalloproteinase in human pancreatic tumors is extremely important because through it you can see the morphofunctional distortion caused by the compound compared with the control group, making infeasible the entire cellular group that received treatment.
Assessment of peripheral blood concentration of angiopoietin 1, angiopoietin 2 and Tie-2 (a tyrosine kinase receptor) of patients with goitre treated surgically

Introduction: Blood vessel formation by angiogenesis is essential for goitre development. Angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1), angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2) and Tie-2 receptor (rTie-2) are involved in part of angiogenesis. Ang-1 and rTie-2 expression increases in goitre. Aim: To determine serum concentrations (SC) of angiogenic cytokines of patients with goitre treated surgically. Material and methods: Thirty-six patients with goitre aged 29-64 were examined. They were divided into groups: nontoxic nodular goitre (NTNG) and toxic goitre (TG). Each group was divided into subgroups: before and after surgery. The control group comprised 10 healthy subjects. Ang-1, Ang-2 and rTie-2 SC were measured in euthyroid subjects by ELISA. Measurements were performed before the procedure and three months after. Results: Before surgery Ang-1 median (Me) SC in patients with TG was higher than in patients with NTNG (109 368 pg/ml vs. 71 185 pg/ml) and in controls (109 368 pg/ml vs. 57 815 pg/ml). Ang-1 Me in TG patients was higher prior to than after surgery (109 368 pg/ml vs. 65380 pg/ml). Ang-2 Me in TG patients was higher after than prior to surgery (4055 pg/ml vs. 3924 pg/ml). Significant correlations were found between Ang-1 and Tie-2 Me (r = 0.53) and Ang-2 and Tie-2 (r = 0.58) in patients with NTNG before surgery and between Me Ang-2 and Tie-2 in patients with NTNG after surgery (r = 0.89) and in controls (r = 0.77). Conclusions: Before surgery in patients with TG SC of Ang-1 was higher than in patients with NTNG and in controls. After surgery in patients with TG SC of Ang-1 decreased, and SC of Ang-2 increased. Significant correlations were found between SC of Ang-2 and Tie-2 in patients with NTNG and in controls.
Ecological effects of extreme drought on Californian herbaceous plant communities

Understanding the consequences of extreme climatic events is a growing challenge in ecology. Climatic extremes may differentially affect varying elements of biodiversity, and may not always produce ecological effects exceeding those of “normal” climatic variation in space and time. We asked how the extreme drought years of 2013–2014 affected the cover, species richness, functional trait means, functional diversity, and phylogenetic diversity of herbaceous plant communities across the California Floristic Province. We compared the directions and magnitudes of these drought effects with expectations from four “pre-drought” studies of variation in water availability: (1) a watering experiment, (2) a long-term (15-yr) monitoring of interannual variability, (3) a resampling of historic (57-yr-old) plots within a warming and drying region, and (4) natural variation in communities over a broad geographic gradient in precipitation. We found that the drought was associated with consistent reductions in species richness and cover, especially for annual forbs and exotic annual grasses, but not with changes in functional or phylogenetic diversity. Except for total cover and cover of exotic annual grasses, most drought effects did not exceed quantitative expectations based on the four pre-drought studies. Qualitatively, plant community responses to the drought were most concordant with responses to pre-drought interannual rainfall variability in the 15-yr monitoring study, and least concordant with responses to the geographic gradient in precipitation. Our results suggest that, at least in the short term, extreme drought may cause only a subset of community metrics to respond in ways that exceed normal background variability.
Carboxyhemoglobin and Methemoglobin as Markers of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications

Received date: March 13, 2018 Accepted date: May 15, 2018 Published date: May 21, 2018 1University Clinic for Traumatology, Orthopedic disease, Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Intensive Care Medicine and Emergency department, Faculty of Medicine, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, R. Macedonia 2Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, R. Macedonia 3University Clinic for General Surgery “St. NaumOhridski” Faculty of Medicine, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, R. Macedonia 4University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, R. Macedonia Journal of Anesthesia and Surgery