Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of HPV type on colposcopy performance in women offered HPV immunisation in a catch-up vaccine programme : a two centre observational study

Objective To determine if HPV immunisation has affected the prevalence of HPV genotypes and colposcopic features of CIN in young women referred for colposcopy. Design A two-centre observational study including vaccinated and unvaccinated women. Setting Colposcopy clinics serving two health regions in Scotland, UK. Population 361 women aged 20-25 years attending colposcopy following an abnormal cervical cytology result at routine cervical screening. Methods Cervical samples were obtained from women for HPV DNA genotyping and mRNA E6/E7 expression of HPV 16,18,31,33 and 45. Demographic data, cytology and histology results and colposcopic features were recorded. Chi squared analysis was conducted to identify associations between vaccine status, HPV genotypes and colposcopic features. Main outcome measures Colposcopic features, HPV genotypes, mRNA expression and cervical histology. Results The prevalence of HPV 16 was significantly lower in the vaccinated (8.6%) compared with the unvaccinated (46.7%) group (p=0.001). The number of cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 or more (CIN2+) was significantly lower in vaccinated women (p=0.006). HPV vaccine did not have a statistically significant effect on commonly recognised colposcopic features but there was a slight reduction in the positive predictive value (PPV) of colposcopy for CIN2+ from 74% (unvaccinated) to 66.7% (vaccinated). Conclusions In this group of young women with abnormal cytology referred to colposcopy, HPV vaccination via a catch-up programme reduced the prevalence of CIN2+ and HPV 16 infection. The reduced PPV of colposcopy for the detection of CIN2+ in vaccinated women is at the lower acceptable level of the UK national cervical screening programme guidelines.
Monoclonal antibodies against macrophage colony-stimulating factor diminish the number of circulating intermediate and nonclassical (CD14(++)CD16(+)/CD14(+)CD16(++)) monocytes in rheumatoid arthritis patient.

To the editor: Human blood monocytes are divided into 3 subsets: classical (CD14++CD16−), intermediate (CD14++CD16+), and nonclassical (CD14+CD16++). [1][1] The latter 2 subpopulations produce inflammatory cytokines in response to a wide variety of pattern receptor ligands and are constantly
Urinary HPV testing may offer hope for cervical screening non‐attenders

Despite the success of cervical screening, cancer of the cervix is the fourth most common cancer affecting women worldwide (CRUK 2014). Rates are particularly high in developing nations, which lack the requisite infrastructure for cytology and colposcopy-based screening, and in certain demographic groups, where uptake of screening is poor. Recent research has focussed on developing less invasive and potentially more acceptable means of identifying women at high risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Urinary HPV testing has received particular attention because of the ease of obtaining samples and the opportunity this affords to overcoming barriers to cervical screening like embarrassment and discomfort. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
CyBorD: stellar response rates in AL amyloidosis.

In two independent retrospective studies, Mikhael et al and Venner et al report unprecedentedly high hematologic response rates, 94% and 81%, including complete response (CR) in 71% and 42%, respectively, to the combination of cyclophosphamide-bortezomib-dexamethasone in patients with either naive
Salient region detection in remote sensing images based on color information content

Accurate and anti-noise detection of salient regions is a hotspot of remote sensing image analysis. In this paper, we introduce a new salient region detection model for residential areas in high-spatial-resolution remote sensing images, which is called Color Information Content model (CIC), applying color information content and outputting full resolution saliency maps. First, one-dimensional (1D) histograms of different color channels are constructed based on intensities. Second, the information content of intensities is computed on the 1D histograms and an information mapping is used to construct information maps which reflect information content of each colour channel. Finally, to establish saliency map, intensities of different color channels are fused by saliency scores based on information maps. Experimental results show that compared with existing models, our model not only gets accurate results effectively, but also has good noise immunity.
Detection of seals in remote sensing images using features extracted from deep convolutional neural networks

In this paper, we propose an algorithm for automatic detection of seals in aerial remote sensing images using features extracted from a pre-trained deep convolutional neural network (CNN). The method consists of three stages: (i) Detection of potential objects, (ii) feature extraction and (iii) classification of potential objects. The first stage is application dependent, with the aim of detecting all seal pups in the image, with the expense of detecting a large amount of false objects. The second stage extracts generic image features from a local image corresponding to each potential seal detected in the first stage using a CNN trained on the ImageNet database. In the third stage we apply a linear support vector machine to classify the feature vectors extracted in the second stage. The proposed method was demonstrated to an aerial image that contains 84 pups and 128 adult harp seals, and the results show that we are able to detect the seals with high accuracy (2.7% for the adults and 7.3% for the pups). We conclude that deep CNNs trained on the ImageNet database are well suited as a feature extraction module, and using a simple linear SVM, we were able to separate seals from other objects with very high accuracy. We believe that this methodology may be applied to other remote sensing object recognition tasks.
A phase 2 trial of standard-dose cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (CHOP) and rituximab plus bevacizumab for patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: SWOG 0515.

S0515 was a phase 2 trial to determine whether the addition of bevacizumab to cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (CHOP) plus rituximab (R-CHOP) would improve progression-free survival (PFS) without adding significant toxicity in patients with newly diagnosed advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. A total of 73 patients were enrolled. For the 64 eligible patients, median age was 68 years, and 60% had International Prognostic Index scores more than or equal to 3. The observed 1- and 2-year PFS estimates were 77% and 69%, respectively. These PFS estimates were not statistically different from the expected PFS for this population if treated with R-CHOP alone. Grade 3 or higher toxicities were observed in 81% of patients, including 2 grade 5 events. The majority of serious toxicities were hematologic but also included 5 patients with gastrointestinal perforations, 4 patients with thrombotic events, and 11 patients who developed grade 2 or 3 left ventricular dysfunction. Higher baseline urine VEGF and plasma VCAM levels correlated with worse PFS and overall survival. In conclusion, the addition of bevacizumab to R-CHOP chemotherapy was not promising in terms of PFS and resulted in increased serious toxicities, especially cardiac and gastrointestinal perforations. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as #NCT00121199.
Opportunities and challenges in supply-side simulation: physician-based models.

OBJECTIVE To provide a conceptual framework and to assess the availability of empirical data for supply-side microsimulation modeling in the context of health care. DATA SOURCES Multiple secondary data sources, including the American Community Survey, Health Tracking Physician Survey, and SK&A physician database. STUDY DESIGN We apply our conceptual framework to one entity in the health care market-physicians-and identify, assess, and compare data available for physician-based simulation models. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Our conceptual framework describes three broad types of data required for supply-side microsimulation modeling. Our assessment of available data for modeling physician behavior suggests broad comparability across various sources on several dimensions and highlights the need for significant integration of data across multiple sources to provide a platform adequate for modeling. A growing literature provides potential estimates for use as behavioral parameters that could serve as the models' engines. Sources of data for simulation modeling that account for the complex organizational and financial relationships among physicians and other supply-side entities are limited. CONCLUSIONS A key challenge for supply-side microsimulation modeling is optimally combining available data to harness their collective power. Several possibilities also exist for novel data collection. These have the potential to serve as catalysts for the next generation of supply-side-focused simulation models to inform health policy.
ETIOLOGY OF DEEP ACETABULUM AND INTRAPELVIC PROTRUSION

The term "intrapelvic protrusion of the acetabulum" was translated by Daub 1 from the German Intrapelvine Pfannenvorwolbung and pertains to a lesion of the hip joint. This title partially describes the pathologic process, suggests the picture seen on the roentgen films and is understandable. Many articles under various titles have been written, especially in the German literature, regarding the condition and its etiology. The prime purpose of this paper is to discuss the development of the acetabulum and its relationship to the etiology of the deep acetabulum and of intrapelvic protrusion. The complaints of most patients suggest arthritis of one or both hips, frequently with no involvement of other joints. Pain and stiffness on change of position, with limited motion of the joint, are usual. The discomfort is aggravated by motion, and the patients often walk with an awkward gait or limp. Although the discomfort may be referred to one
The impact of electronic health records on workflow and financial measures in primary care practices.

OBJECTIVE To estimate a commercially available ambulatory electronic health record's (EHR's) impact on workflow and financial measures. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING Administrative, payroll, and billing data were collected for 26 primary care practices in a fee-for-service network that rolled out an EHR on a staggered schedule from June 2006 through December 2008. STUDY DESIGN An interrupted time series design was used. Staffing, visit intensity, productivity, volume, practice expense, payments received, and net income data were collected monthly for 2004-2009. Changes were evaluated 1-6, 7-12, and >12 months postimplementation. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS Data were accessed through a SQLserver database, transformed into SAS®, and aggregated by practice. Practice-level data were divided by full-time physician equivalents for comparisons across practices by month. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Staffing and practice expenses increased following EHR implementation (3 and 6 percent after 12 months). Productivity, volume, and net income decreased initially but recovered to/close to preimplementation levels after 12 months. Visit intensity did not change significantly, and a secular trend offset the decrease in payments received. CONCLUSIONS Expenses increased and productivity decreased following EHR implementation, but not as much or as persistently as might be expected. Longer term effects still need to be examined.
Perspectives on Chinese developments in spaceborne imaging spectroscopy: What to expect in the next 5–10 years

It is well known that since hyperspectral remote sensing (HRS) came in the middle 1980s, a number of hyperspectral imagers (e.g., EO-1 Hyperion) have been developed all over the world. China, as one of the pioneers in HRS technology development, also has been active and contributed significantly to the HRS community. This paper updates recent advances and future plans in Chinese developments in spaceborne imaging spectroscopy.
US states that allow medical marijuana see drop in prescriptions for other drugs, study finds

American states that allow patients access to medical marijuana are seeing fewer prescriptions per doctor for pharmaceutical drugs in several disease categories where marijuana is a potential treatment, a study in Health Affairs has found.1 Proportionally, the greatest reduction was in medicines for spasticity. The average physician in a state without medical marijuana prescribed 2068 doses, but in states with access to medical marijuana this fell by 20% to 1645 doses. The apparent effect was also marked in seizure medicines. The average physician in a state without medical marijuana prescribed 9368 doses, but in states with medical marijuana access this …
The impact of electronic health record implementation and use on performance of the Surgical Care Improvement Project measures.

OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of electronic health record (EHR) deployment on Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP) measures in a tertiary-care teaching hospital. DATA SOURCES SCIP Core Measure dataset from the CMS Hospital Inpatient Quality Reporting Program (March 2010 to February 2012). STUDY DESIGN One-group pre- and post-EHR logistic regression and difference-in-differences analyses. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Statistically significant short-term declines in scores were observed for the composite, postoperative removal of urinary catheter and post-cardiac surgery glucose control measures. A statistically insignificant improvement in scores for these measures was noted 3 months after EHR deployment. CONCLUSION The transition to an EHR appears to be associated with a short-term decline in quality. Implementation strategies should be developed to preempt or minimize this initial decline.
A Block Sparse Bayesian Learning based ISAR imaging method

The compressive sensing(CS) and sparse representation(SR) technique provide new way to improve the ISAR image resolution. At present, in most traditional CS and SR based ISAR imaging methods, the target is regarded as a set of isolated scattering centers. As a matter of fact, adjacent scattering centers compose a lot of small sets which can reflect the structure of the target. It is no doubt that these small sets can be exploited to improve the ISAR image quality, but the traditional CS and SR ISAR imaging methods ignore this. So in this paper, a block sparse signal recovery algorithm-Block Sparse Bayesian Learning(BSBL) method is introduced to modify the traditional method, and the simulate experiment show that this method can get better ISAR image than the other methods.
Accurate attenuation correction in PET using short transmission scans and consistency information

We show how the consistency conditions of the Radon transform can be used to aid attenuation correction in PET using short transmission scans. The technique is expected to be useful in situations where limited time is available for transmission imaging (e.g. wholebody PET). The proposed method uses two-minute transmission scans that are reconstructed and then segmented into regions of uniform attenuation. Consistency information is used to determine the thresholds for segmentation of the transmission image and the attenuation coefficients. In particular a downhill simplex algorithm is used to find the parameters that are most consistent with the measured emission data. The main advantage of the proposed technique over conventional segmentation methods (which work purely on the transmission data) is that the emission data are used to drive the segmentation process. Therefore, the technique should produce the attenuation image that is most appropriate for attenuation correction. The algorithm is tested using simulated data and compared with an adaptive thresholding technique using clinical PET data. The results show that the method produces reconstructed images with similar accuracy and noise levels to those obtained using a 10 minute transmission scan. The results also show that the proposed technique has some advantages over the adaptive thresholding technique when imaging the abdomen. We conclude that the proposed technique may provide a viable means of producing quantitatively accurate whole-body PET images in a clinically feasible time.
Analysis of reported e-prescribing near misses in King Saud Medical City, Riyadh

License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress. com/permissions.php Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice 2013:2 17–24 Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice Dovepress
The Subjective Well-Being Method of Valuation: An Application to General Health Status.

OBJECTIVE To introduce the subjective well-being (SWB) method of valuation and provide an example by valuing health status. The SWB method allows monetary valuations to be performed in the absence of market relationships. DATA SOURCES Data are from the 1975-2010 General Social Survey. STUDY DESIGN The value of health status is determined via the estimation of an implicit derivative based on a happiness equation. Two-stage least-squares was used to estimate happiness as a function of poor-to-fair health status, annual household income adjusted for household size, age, sex, race, marital status, education, year, and season. Poor-to-fair health status and annual household income are instrumented using a proxy for intelligence, a temporal version of the classic distance instrument, and the average health status of individuals who are demographically similar but geographically separated. Instrument validity is evaluated. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Moving from good/excellent health to poor/fair health (1 year of lower health status) is equivalent to the loss of $41,654 of equivalized household income (2010 constant dollars) per annum, which is larger than median equivalized household income. CONCLUSION The SWB method may be useful in making monetary valuations where fundamental market relationships are not present.
Structure of Carbonic Layer in Ohmic Contacts: Comparison of Silicon Carbide/Carbon and Carbon/Silicide Interfaces

The structure of carbonic layer in three samples composed of 4H polytype of silicon carbide and the following sequence of layers: carbon/nickel/silicon/nickel/silicon was investigated with Raman spectroscopy. Different thermal treatment of the samples led to differences in the structure of carbonic layer. Raman measurements were performed with visible excitation focused on two interfaces: silicon carbide/carbon and carbon/silicide. The results showed differences in the structure across carbon film although its thickness corresponds to 8/10 graphene layers.
Financial Strain and Medication Adherence among Diabetes Patients in an Integrated Health Care Delivery System: The Diabetes Study of Northern California (DISTANCE).

OBJECTIVE To examine self-reported financial strain in relation to pharmacy utilization adherence data. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING Survey, administrative, and electronic medical data from Kaiser Permanente Northern California. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort design (2006, n = 7,773). DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS We compared survey self-reports of general and medication-specific financial strain to three adherence outcomes from pharmacy records, specifying adjusted generalized linear regression models. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Eight percent and 9 percent reported general and medication-specific financial strain. In adjusted models, general strain was significantly associated with primary nonadherence (RR = 1.37; 95 percent CI: 1.04-1.81) and refilling late (RR = 1.34; 95 percent CI: 1.07-1.66); and medication-specific strain was associated with primary nonadherence (RR = 1.42, 95 percent CI: 1.09-1.84). CONCLUSIONS Simple, minimally intrusive questions could be used to identify patients at risk of poor adherence due to financial barriers.
Workforce Characteristics, Perceptions, Stress, and Satisfaction among Staff in Green House and Other Nursing Homes.

OBJECTIVE To compare workforce characteristics and staff perceptions of safety, satisfaction, and stress between Green House (GH) and comparison nursing homes (CNHs). DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING Primary data on staff perceptions of safety, stress, and satisfaction from 13 GHs and 8 comparison NHs in 11 states; secondary data from human resources records on workforce characteristics, turnover, and staffing from 01/01/2011-06/30/2012. STUDY DESIGN Observational study. DATA COLLECTION METHODS Workforce data were from human resources offices; staff perceptions were from surveys. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Few significant differences were found between GH and CNHs. Exceptions were GH direct caregivers were older, provided twice the normalized hours per week budgeted per resident than CNAs in CNHs or Legacy NHs, and trended toward lower turnover. CONCLUSIONS GH environment may promote staff longevity and does not negatively affect worker's stress, safety perceptions, or satisfaction. Larger studies are needed to confirm findings.
Which intervention reduces the risk of preterm birth in women with risk factors?

#### What you need to know The aim of preventing preterm birth is to improve the health of babies by prolonging pregnancy. Preterm birth, or delivery before 37 weeks’ gestation, affects 7.3% of pregnancies in the UK.1 Around 75% of these births result from spontaneous preterm labour. The remaining 25% are delivered for medical reasons and are not considered further in this article. Box 1 lists clinical risk factors and ultrasound scan findings that are associated with an increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth. However, these factors have poor predictive value. Women with multiple pregnancy are also at high risk of preterm birth, and their management is discussed in the supplementary online material. #### Box 1: Risk factors for preterm birth234 ##### Clinical history* ##### Imaging Three treatment interventions are available to women at risk of spontaneous preterm birth (fig 1⇓). Considerable uncertainty exists over the effectiveness of these interventions, however, in part because clinical trials are hard to perform. Large numbers of trial participants are needed because most women at high risk of spontaneous preterm birth deliver at term, even without treatment. It is difficult and expensive to include neonatal and childhood …
Characteristics of Wax Gel Formation in the Presence of Asphaltenes

When pipelines are shutdown, waxy crude oils tend to form gels, which tend to plug the lines and stop flow. Restart requires sufficient pressure to overcome the yield stress of gelled oils. This study examines the yield strength of well-characterized waxy model oils at temperatures below the pour point. First, the yield stresses of model oils were determined by the vane method at different temperatures. Yield stress values were strongly dependent upon wax amounts and compositions, as expected. The extent of increase in yield stress values with temperature was greater for model oils that had a higher percentage of wax. The x-intercept values obtained from yield stress versus temperature were interpreted as no-flow points, which could be used as alternative measures of pour points. Second, the role of asphaltenes was examined in the evolution of the yield stress as the oil is cooled below the pour point. Asphaltene additions resulted in pour-point reductions, of up to 4 °C for additions of asphaltenes up to.