Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adapting Abstract Component Applications Using Adaptation Patterns

Using a component-based approach, applications can be defined as an assembly of abstract components, requiring services from and providing services to each other. At the time of execution, they are mapped to the concrete level after identifying the deployed components. However, several problems can be detected at init time that prevent the mapping to be achieved successfully, e.g., heterogeneity of connection interfaces. Moreover, applications in pervasive environment are challenged by the dynamism of their execution environment due to, e.g., users and devices mobility, which make them subject to unforeseen failures. Both of these problems imply mismatches between abstract and concrete levels detected at init time or during the execution. Therefore, abstract applications have to be adapted to carry out their mapping and their execution. In this article, we propose a new dynamic structural adaptation approach for abstract applications. Our approach is based on adaptation patterns that provide solutions to the captured mismatches between abstract and concrete levels. We also compare and contrast our approach with the existing ones concluding that our approach is not only generic, but it is also applicable both at init time and at runtime.
ERTIES OF CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) learn highly discriminative representations from data, but how robust and structured are these representations? How does the data shape the internal network representation? We shed light on these questions by empirically measuring the invariance and equivariance properties of a large number of CNNs trained with various types of input transformations. We find that CNNs learn invariance wrt all 9 tested transformation types and that invariance extends to transformations outside the training range. We also measure the distance between CNN representations and show that similar input transformations lead to more similar internal representations. Transforms can be grouped by the way they affect the learned representation. Additionally, we also propose a loss function that aims to improve CNN equivariance.
T2 estimation for small lesions using a Model-Based reconstruction with sparsifying penalty functions and highly under- sampled radial FSE data

Introduction: T2 weighted MRI is used clinically for characterization of various pathologies. Currently, radiologists use visual methods to evaluate the T2 characteristics of a lesion based on signal intensity changes. It has been demonstrated that quantitative methods for measuring T2 values are superior to visual evaluation [1, 2]. For body imaging, however, many of the proposed methods to measure T2 values suffer from long acquisition times, motion-induced errors, misregistration of images acquired in different breath holds, low spatial resolution and/or low number of measured points on the T2 relaxation curve. A radial fast spin-echo (FSE) method was developed for fast T2 mapping of the body[3]. The method uses data from undersampled TE data sets which are mixed appropriately to produce images with different TE contrast from a single k-space data set. As pointed out in [3], the mixing of TE’s, however, introduces artifacts in the image and the accuracy of T2 is compromised when lesions or structures are very small. To overcome this problem we proposed a model-based approach with sparsifying penalty functions for estimating T2’s from radial FSE data. Sparse reconstructions have received considerable attention recently since Compressed Sensing theory illustrated that signals with sparse representations can be reconstructed from a small number of measurements. Theory: An iterative reconstruction for T2 mapping from radial FSE data can be formulated as [4]: 2
Tracking and Changes in Dietary Patterns of Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study in Southern Brazil

Methods: Longitudinal study carried out in Southern Brazil since 1993. Two food frequency questionnaires were applied at ages 15 and 18 years. The analysis includes 3,911 adolescents. Latent class analysis was used to identify the DPs at 15 and 18 years. Results: We identified four DPs at 15 and 18 years. Three were similar in both ages: “Varied” (30.2% at age 15 years vs. 21.6% at age 18years), “Traditional” (24.9% at age 15 years vs. 23.7% at age 18years) and “Dieting” (19.4% at age 15 years vs. 28.7% at age 18years), and the fourth DP identified labeled “Processed Meats” (25.5%) at 15 years and “Fish, Fast Food and Alcohol” (26.0%) at 18 years. The three DPs identified at both ages showed poor general agreement (Kappa=0.1). DP tracking was observed in about one third of the adolescents. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a high adherence to a “Varied” DP at age 15 years and substantial changes in food habits and choices over time, resulting in an increase in the adherence to a “Dieting” DP at age 18 years.
The governance of collaboration in complex projects

Purpose Inter-organisational collaboration is becoming increasingly important in complex projects; some project customers even formally require evidence of collaborative competence from potential providers. The purpose of this paper is to explore the governance of collaboration and the ways in which it is enacted in practice for complex projects. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a qualitative analysis of 29 semi-structured interviews, primary data from meetings and events supported by secondary data, including standards and industry-specific contract templates. Findings The paper identifies how collaboration can be effectively governed in complex projects through the emerging role of the collaboration standard and its impact on contractual and relational governance mechanisms. The standard sets higher-level institutional guidelines that affect the way in which collaboration is governed in complex projects. It helps formalise informal relational practices whilst also providing guidelines for building flexibility in contracts by including coordination- and adaptation-oriented provisions conducive to collaboration. Originality/value The paper demonstrates the emerging role of the collaboration standard and its influence on contractual and relational mechanisms deployed in complex projects. It shows how the standard can formalise and codify informal collaborative practices and help transfer related learning across projects, thereby contributing towards the dual requirement for standardisation and flexibility in project settings.
Enzymatic Synthesis o f Sinapoyl-L-M alate from 1-Sinapoylglucose and L-M alate by a Protein Preparation from Raphanus sativus Cotyledons

Abstract Protein preparations from cotyledons of Raphanus sativus transfer the sinapoyl moiety of 1 -sinapoylglucose to L-malate to form sinapoyl-L-malate. To our knowledge this is the first time that this type of reaction has been found to be involved in phenylpropanoid depside formation. Most acylation reactions have so far been demonstrated to depend on acyl-CoAs and only one example is known describing 1-O-acyl sugar derivatives as acyl donors.
ROLE OF PLANT GROWTH-PROMOTING BACTERIA

Soil is a dynamic, living, no-renewable resource vital to the production of food and fiber and important to global balance and ecosystem function. In the last decades, it has been given importance to biological processes involving soil microorganisms, contributing to maintenance of soil fertility in relation to N and P and reducing the losses of nutrients, by lixiviation or volatilization. The number of soil microorganisms in a fertile soil can exceed nine billion. Thus, soil microbial has an important role in agriculture, mainly plant growth-promoting bacteria. The most studied genera are still those belonging to the aerobic endospore-forming bacteria, including Bacillus spp. and Paenibacillus spp. , to Pseudomonas spp. and to the Rhizobiales order, including Rhizobium spp. , Bradyrhizobium spp. , Mesorhizobium spp. Ensifer spp. and others. In this way, there are several roles of these bacteria on plant growth and yield, mainly in tropical regions. In this chapter, we will show the main characteristics and importance of these bacteria in tropical agriculture.
A FLEXIBLE APPROACH FOR RANKING COMPLEX RELATIONSHIPS ON THE SEMANTIC WEB by CHRISTIAN HALASCHEK-WIENER

SEMANTIC WEB by CHRISTIAN HALASCHEK-WIENER (Under the Direction of I. Budak Arpinar and Amit P. Sheth) ABSTRACT The focus of contemporary Web information retrieval systems has been to provide efficient support for the querying and retrieval of relevant documents. More recently, information retrieval over semantic metadata extracted from the Web has received an increasing amount of interest in both industry and academia. In particular, discovering complex and meaningful relationships among this metadata is an interesting and challenging research topic. Just as the ranking of documents is a critical component of today’s search engines, the ranking of complex relationships will be an important component in tomorrow’s Semantic Web analytics engines. Building upon our recent work on specifying and discovering complex relationships in RDF (Resource Description Framework) data, called Semantic Associations, we present a flexible ranking approach which can be used to identify more interesting and relevant relationships on the Semantic Web. Additionally, we demonstrate our ranking scheme’s effectiveness through an empirical evaluation over a real-world dataset.
Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase Gene Expression in Subtropical Marine Phytoplankton Populations

Oceanic phytoplankton are known to fix CO2 primarily through the action of the enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase). The amino acid and nucleotide sequence of the large subunit of this enzyme have been conserved across the evolution of the chlorophytic plants (from cyanobacteria to higher plants via green algae) with approximately 80 and 70 % homology at the amino acid and nucleotide levels respectively. To understand the molecular regulation of this enzyme in phytoplankton, we have measured levels of the RuBPCase large subunit (rbcL) mRNA and DNA, in combination with rates of photosynthetic CO2 fixation, autofluorescent cell counts, and chlorophyll a in natural phytoplankton communities of Tampa Bay (Flonda, USA) and the southeastern Gulf of Mexico. We measured rbcL mRNA, rbcL DNA, and the ratio of rbcL mRNA to rbcL DNA by extracting RNA and DNA and probing the extracts with the Synechococcus PCC 6301 rbcL gene as a probe. Additionally, rbcL mRNA was amplified from certain samples using a reverse transcriptase-linked polymerase chain reaction procedure. In a transect from Tampa Bay seaward, levels of rbcL mRNA decreased 3to 8-fold from the estuarine environment to the offshore environment, and followed similar trends as photosynthetic CO2 fixation, picocyanobacterial counts, and chlorophyll a. In an offshore vertical profile, the subsurface maximum in the rbcL mRNA/DNA ratio coincided with the 60 m maximum in photosynthetic assimilation rates. In a die1 study using 150 1 of offshore water in a deck-top incubator, the rbcL mRNA.DNA ratio was nearly an order of magnitude greater (76 ng mRNA ng-' DNA) during the light period than in the dark (17 ng mRNA ng-' DNA). Likewise, the photosynthetic rate (PB) at constant illun~ination was highest during daylight hours (6.2 pg C pg-' chl a h-') and lowest at night (1.9 pg C pg-' chl a h-'). These results indicate that (1) carbon fixation in oceanic phytoplankton may be transcriptionally regulated at the level of the RuBPCase gene and (2) that the quantitatlon of particular target mRNAs and DNAs is an effective means to study the regulation of conserved gene functions in natural water column microbial populations.
Electrical performance of monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistors prepared by chemical vapor deposition

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) field effect transistors (FET) were fabricated on atomically smooth large-area single layers grown by chemical vapor deposition. The layer qualities and physical properties were characterized using high-resolution Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Electronic performance of the FET devices was measured using field effect mobility measurements as a function of temperature. The back-gated devices had mobilities of 6.0 cm2/V s at 300 K without a high-κ dielectric overcoat and increased to 16.1 cm2/V s with a high-κ dielectric overcoat. In addition the devices show on/off ratios ranging from 105 to 109.
Electrochemical Deposition and Optimization of Thermoelectric Nanostructured Bismuth Telluride Thick Films

Bismuth telluride thick films are suitable for thermoelectric (TE) devices covering large areas and operating at small-to-moderate temperature differences (20 - 200 K). High efficiency and high coefficient of performance (COP) are expected to be achieved by using thick films in some cooling applications. Bismuth telluride thick films fabrication have been achieved with Galvanostatic and Potentionstatic deposition. Stoichiometric bismuth telluride thick film was obtained by Galvanostatic deposition at current density of 3.1 mAcm-2. Bismuth telluride films with average growth rate of 10 µmh-1 and different composition were obtained. Effects of current density and composition of electrolyte in Galvanostatic deposition were studied. The current density affected the film compactness, where films deposited at lower current density were more compact than those deposited at higher current density. The morphology of the films did not depend on the current density, but chemical composition was observed when different composition of electrolyte was used. Effects of distance between electrodes, composition of electrolyte solution, and stirring in Potentionstatic deposition were studied. The shorter the distance between electrodes, the higher the electric field, thus the higher current density was applied and the deposited film was less compact. The current density increased more rapidly with stirring during electrodeposition which leads to less compact film. Through this study, films electrode-posited from solution containing 0.013 M Bi(NO3)3.5 H2O, 0.01 M TeO2 and 1 M HNO3 at 3.1 mA cm-2 for 6 hours without stirring and with interelectrode distance of 4.5 cm were free-standing with average film thickness of 60 µm and optimum film composition of Bi2Te3. The crystallite size of the later films was found to be around 4.3 nm using Scherrer’s equation from XRD patterns. Also, negative Seebeck coefficient for the same samples was revealed with an average value of -82 μV. K-1.
A Statistical Test for Comparing Nonnested Covariance Structure Models.

While statistical procedures are well known for comparing hierarchically related (nested) covariance structure models, statistical tests for comparing nonhierarchically related (nonnested) models have proven more elusive. While isolated attempts have been made, none exists within the commonly used maximum likelihood estimation framework, thereby compromising these methods' accessibility and general applicability. The current work builds on a distance measure originally proposed by C. Rao (1945; 1949), and its application to distances between covariance structure models (A. Kumar and S. Sharma, 1999), thereby proposing a method for conducting a statistical test of such distances in order to assess formally the distinctness between modelsnested or nonnested. An illustration is presented, and simulation evidence is provided to validate the performance of the proposed method. Two appendixes contain an illustration of the model for data generation and a program to compute distances between covariance matrices. (Contains 1 table, 2 figures, and 28 references.) (Author/SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document Test For Nonnested Models 1 Running head: Test For Nonnested Models A Statistical Test For Comparing Nonnested Covariance Structure Models Roy Levy and Gregory R. Hancock University of Maryland, College Park [Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL, April 2003] U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) GI This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
Real-Time Pedestrian Detection Using Apache Storm in a Distributed Environment

In general, a distributed processing is not suitable for dealing with image data stream due to the network load problem caused by communications of frames. For this reason, image data stream processing has operated in just one node commonly. However, we need to process image data stream in a distributed environment in a big data era due to increase in quantity and quality of multimedia data. In this paper, we shall present a real-time pedestrian detection methodology in a distributed environment which processes image data stream in real-time on Apache Storm framework. It achieves sharp speed up by distributing frames onto several nodes called bolts, each of which processes different regions of image frames. Moreover, it can reduce the overhead caused by synchronization by computation bolts which returns only the processing results to the merging bolts.
Simulation techniques for estimating error in the classification of normal patterns

Methods of efficiently generating and classifying samples with specified multivariate normal distributions were discussed. Conservative confidence tables for sample sizes are given for selective sampling. Simulation results are compared with classified training data. Techniques for comparing error and separability measure for two normal patterns are investigated and used to display the relationship between the error and the Chernoff bound.
Verbesserung einer Kreuzkorrelationsanalyse mit ungünstiger Quellverteilung durch Slant Stack und Migrationsanalyse

Aufgrund des nicht isotropen seismischen Hintergrundsignals, das im Stadtgebiet von Bukarest aufgezeichnet wurde, konnen die Wellengruppen in den Kreuzkorrelogrammen nicht als Impulsantwort des Untergrundes interpretiert werden. Die dominanten Wellengruppen konnten aber mit Hilfe einer Migrationsanalyse einer Punktquelle im Stadtgebiet zugeordnet werden. Die extrem kurze Lange der Ausgangszeitreihen, die zum Lokalisieren der Punktquelle in der Migrationsanalyse benotigt werden, ermoglicht eine Abbildung ihrer zeitlichen Variationen. Mit Hilfe eines Slant Stacks konnten die Wellengruppen in den Kreuzkorrelogrammen, die auf dem diffusen Anteil im seismischen Hintergrundsignal basieren, durch Stapelung verstarkt werden, wahrend die dominanten Wellengruppen der Punktquelle in der Stapelung nicht verstarkt wurden. Auf diese Weise konnten das Signal-Stor-Verhaltnis wesentlich verbessert und Dispersionskurven gewonnen werden. Diese konnten zu einem einfachen Untergrundmodell invertiert werden, das eine Lucke in den vorhandenen Modellen fur die Struktur in den ersten 400 m unter Bukarest schliest.
Neurodegeneration severity is anticipated by early microglia alterations monitored in vivo in a mouse model of chronic glaucoma

Microglia serve key homeostatic roles, and respond to neuronal perturbation and decline with high spatiotemporal resolution. The course of all chronic CNS pathologies is thus paralleled by local microgliosis and microglia activation beginning at early stages. However, the possibility of using live monitoring of microglia during early disease progression to predict the severity of neurodegeneration has not been unexplored. Since the retina allows live tracking of fluorescent microglia in their intact niche, here we investigated their early changes in relation to later optic nerve neurodegeneration. Thus, we used the DBA/2J mouse model of inherited glaucoma, which develops progressive retinal ganglion cell degeneration of variable severity during aging, and thus represents a useful model to study pathogenic mechanisms of retinal ganglion cell decline similar to human glaucoma. We imaged CX3CR1 +/GFP microglial cells in vivo at ages ranging from 1 to 5 months by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO) and quantified cell density and morphological activation. We detected early microgliosis at the optic nerve head (ONH), where axonopathy first manifests, and could track attenuation of this microgliosis induced by minocycline. We also observed heterogeneous and dynamic patterns of early microglia activation in the retina. When the same animals were aged and analyzed for the severity of optic nerve pathology at 10 months of age, we found a strong correlation with the levels of ONH microgliosis at 3 to 4 months. Our findings indicate that live imaging and monitoring the time course and levels of early retinal microgliosis and microglia activation in glaucoma could serve as indicators of future neurodegeneration severity. D ise as e M od el s & M ec ha ni sm s D M M Ac ce pt ed m an us cr ip t
STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES MODIFICATIONS IN BORON NITRIDE. PART I: DIRECT POLYMORPHIC TRANSFORMATIONS MECHANISMS

S-a efectuat o examinare aprofundată a structurii varietăţilor polimorfe ale nitrurii de bor BN şi a mecanismelor tranziţiilor polimorfe de la structurile hibridizate sp la structurile hibridizate sp cu scopul de a explica pe baze cantitative modificarea dramatică a durităţii care face ca nitrura hexagonală de bor (grafitul alb) să fie un lubrifiant solid moale, în timp ce nitrura cubică de bor este un superabraziv situat al doilea după diamant ca duritate. In vederea scopului propus au fost luate în considerare numai transformările referitoare la tranziţiile polimorfe directe fără implicarea solvenţilor-catalizatori în cursul sintezei varietăţilor polimorfe hibridizate sp .
Effect of clinical autonomic dysfunction on cognitive functions in Parkinson’s disease

Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. PD also involves nonmotor manifestations such as autonomic failure, cognitive disorders, and sleep disorders. These clinical characteristics are not identical in severity, frequency, and onset time in all PD patients. We assessed whether there is a negative effect on cognition of clinical autonomic dysfunction in PD patients. Results: Mean age was 66,5±11.2 years. There was no correlation between cognitive test scores and SCOPA-OUT scores (p>0.05). However, H-Y scores were negatively correlated with the DSTf, DSTr, FAB, and MMSE scores (p50.005, r:-0.451; p50.025, r: -0.367; p50.040, r: -0.340; p50.044, r5-0.333, respectively).