Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION-BASED CONTROL OF SHUNT ACTIVE- POWER FILTER WITH BOTH STATIC AND DYNAMIC LOADS

This paper introduces a design and simulation of a Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) for harmonic elimination of non-linear static and dynamic loads. These harmonics are generated due to non-linear industry loads based on power electronic elements and they cause enormous economic loss. The proposed SAPF uses a new artificial intelligent technique called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for tuning the parameters of PI controller to achieve optimality for dc-link voltage of the SAPF-inverter. This controller is abbreviated and called PI-PSO controller. To test the robustness of the controller and the proposed system, two static and dynamic loads that fed from three-phase fully-controlled three-phase bridge rectifier are considered. The static load is an inductive load and the dynamic one is a dc separately excited dc-motor. The hysteresis non-linear current control method is used in this approach to compare the extracting reference and the actual currents in order to generate the pulse gate required for the Shunt Active Power Filter. Results obtained by simulations with Matlab/Simulink show that the proposed approach is very flexible and effective for eliminating harmonic currents generated by the non-linear loads with the shunt APF based PSO tuning. However, the total harmonic distortion (THD) is minimized and the supply power factor (PF) becomes approximately equal unity.
The XyloTron: Flexible, Open-Source, Image-Based Macroscopic Field Identification of Wood Products

Forests, estimated to contain two thirds of the world’s biodiversity, face existential threats due to illegal logging and land conversion. Efforts to combat illegal logging and to support sustainable value chains are hampered by a critical lack of affordable and scalable technologies for field-level inspection of wood and wood products. To meet this need we present the XyloTron, a complete, self-contained, multi-illumination, field-deployable, open-source platform for field imaging and identification of forest products at the macroscopic scale. The XyloTron platform integrates an imaging system built with off-the-shelf components, flexible illumination options with visible and UV light sources, software for camera control, and deep learning models for identification. We demonstrate the capabilities of the XyloTron platform with example applications for automatic wood and charcoal identification using visible light and human-mediated wood identification based on ultra-violet illumination and discuss applications in field imaging, metrology, and material characterization of other substrates.
Nanofiltration for Arsenic Removal: Challenges, Recent Developments, and Perspectives

Arsenic (As) removal is of major significance because inorganic arsenic is highly toxic to all life forms, is a confirmed carcinogen, and is of significant environmental concern. As contamination in drinking water alone threatens more than 150 million people all over the world. Therefore, several conventional methods such as oxidation, coagulation, adsorption, etc., have been implemented for As removal, but due to their cost-maintenance limitations; there is a drive for advanced, low cost nanofiltration membrane-based technology. Thus, in order to address the increasing demand of fresh and drinking water, this review focuses on advanced nanofiltration (NF) strategy for As removal to safeguard water security. The review concentrates on different types of NF membranes, membrane fabrication processes, and their mechanism and efficiency of performance for removing As from contaminated water. The article provides an overview of the current status of polymer-, polymer composite-, and polymer nanocomposite-based NF membranes, to assess the status of nanomaterial-facilitated NF membranes and to incite progress in this area. Finally, future perspectives and future trends are highlighted.
Validation of the Dutch version of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System

The Utrecht Symptom Diary (USD) is a Dutch and adapted version of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, a patient‐reported outcome measurement (PROM) tool to asses and monitor symptoms in cancer patients. This study analyses the validity and responsiveness of the USD and the cutoff points to determine the clinical significance of a symptom score.
Comportamento de Escherichia coli entero-hemorrágica, enteropatogênica e enteroinvasiva em ambrosia

Ambrosia is a type of Dulce de Leche hand-made with milk, eggs and sugar, widely consumed in South America, and it is commonly sold in street markets, supermarkets and candy shops. Food contamination by pathogenic micro-organisms usually occur during the processing steps, at the distribution centers, at the retail market or in the consumer home. This study aimed at evaluating the behavior of the pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) ATCC 43895, enteropathogenic (EPEC) INCQS 00182 and enteroinvasive (EIEC) ATCC 43893 in ambrosia samples. Aliquots of ambrosia were experimentally contaminated by the strains analyzed in this study. Detections of the inoculated microorganisms were done at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20 and 30 days of storage. EHEC was recovered from all of analyzed samples until five days after infection. EPEC survived in ambrosia and it was isolated until the fourth day of the experiment. EIEC strain remained viable during the 30 days of storage. The analyzed pathogenic strains of E. coli showed different behavior in ambrosia, but all of them demonstrated potential danger to the consumers health. This study works for warning to adopt appropriate hygiene and sanitary actions during the ambrosia production, packaging and manipulation.
HIV-1 drug resistance mutation analyses of Cameroon derived Integrase sequences.

HIV-1 Integrase (IN) is a primary target for combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Only a limited number of studies report on the emergence of resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in Cameroon. We observed that (1.4%) of sequence from treatment naïve patients had Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) RAMs. These mutations confer resistance to raltegravir (RAL) and elvitegravir (EVG). We also observed that 10.1% of the sequences have INSTI accessory RAMs. HIV-1 CRF02_AG was the predominant subtype (44.7.%) in this study analyses. The occurrence of INSTI RAMs among the sequences at baseline needs to be monitored carefully.
Studies of substrate specificities of lipases from different sources

Although lipases are widely applied in a wide variety of reactions, available information on the factors that are responsible for the substrate specificities of lipases from different sources is scarce. In this paper, nine lipase-producing microorganism strains were isolated from oil-containing samples. The properties of these enzymes, including pH optima, temperature optima, thermal stability, and pH stability, vary significantly with the different sources from which these lipases were isolated. The substrate specificities of the nine lipases, including fatty acid and positional specificities, were also studied. The fatty acid specificities of the nine lipases were observably different toward 15 substrates with different carbon chain lengths, different saturation degrees and different side chains. The lipases from S3Penicillium citrinum (PCL), MJ1Aspergillus niger (ANL), MJ2Aspergillus oryzae (AOL), YM Bacillus coughing (BCL), S9Geotrichum candidum (GCL), and S11Candida lypolytica (CLL) showed the strongest specificities to short-chain esters, and the other lipases showed strong selectivity for medium- or long-chain and branched esters. The positional specificities were examined by analyzing the hydrolytic products of triolein catalyzed by the nine lipases, using TLC. The lipases can be mainly classified into two groups by their specificities for the ester bond at position 2 of triglycerides; one group can selectively hydrolyze the ester bond at position 2 of the triglycerides, the other group cannot. All these nine lipases were divided into four groups by hierarchical clustering analysis on the basis of the results of fatty acid and positional specificities.
Phylogenetic Analysis and Karyotype Evolution in the Genus Clivia(Amaryllidaceae)

Phylogenetic relationships of five taxa of Clivia, one probable new species plus four recognized species, and three outgroup species were studied using sequences of the nuclear ribosomal 5S non-transcribed spacer and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of 45S rDNA. Analysis of the data sets separately generated some well-supported groupings and congruent phylogenies. Clivia miniata and C. gardenii are closely related. ‘Robust Gardenii’, the putative new species, is a sister clade of this group. Clivia nobilis is distantly related to these three taxa and C. caulescens occupies an intermediate position between the two groups. Chromosome locations and distribution patterns of the 5S nuclear ribosomal gene in the species of Clivia were investigated using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In all species, only one pair of 5S rDNA signals was observed. These were located on the short arm of chromosome 8, at the position of the interstitial C-bands. The phylogenies obtained from the DNA sequences together with the chromosome data accumulated here and previously published information on the location of the 45S rDNA sites have been used to postulate evolutionary trends in Clivia chromosomes. # 2001 Annals of Botany Company
Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome Hiding Inherited von Willebrand Disease Can Explain Severe Bleeding in Patients With Aortic Stenosis

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective: Aortic stenosis may be complicated by an acquired von Willebrand syndrome that rarely causes significant bleeding, raising the question of why it does so in a few cases. To seek an explanation, we studied 5 severe bleeder aortic stenosis patients in a cohort of 49 patients, using the flowchart for inherited von Willebrand disease. Approach and Results: All 5 patients were lacking in large and intermediate VWF (von Willebrand factor) multimers, 3 had reduced plasma and platelet VWF levels, and none showed PFA100 closure. Two patients (those with most multimers missing) also had a short VWF half-life. Genetic analyses on the 3 patients with reduced platelet VWF levels revealed that one carried both the c.1164C>G and the c.7880G>A mutations, and another carried the c.3390C>T mutation, while the third had one of the 2 VWF alleles relatively less expressed than the other (25% versus 75%). No genetic alterations emerged in the other 2 patients. Successful replacement of the stenotic aortic valve, performed in the 2 patients with VWF mutations, did not correct their abnormal VWF multimer picture—unlike what happened in the aortic stenosis patients without bleeding symptoms. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that acquired von Willebrand syndrome can develop in patients with hitherto-undiagnosed inherited von Willebrand disease. Since von Willebrand disease is the most common bleeding disorder, this possibility should be considered in aortic stenosis patients—especially those with a more severe bleeding history and more disrupted VWF laboratory patterns—because they risk hemorrhage during aortic valve replacement.
Survey of scarabaeid (Coleoptera) fauna of Himachal Pradesh (India)

Systematic surveys were conducted in north-west parts of the country from 1972–1987 to explore the dung-beetle component of the insectan diversity. The scarhaeid fauna of Himachal Pradesh alone comprised 90 species representing 30 genera and 9 subfamilies, including four new taxa (self authored) and several others (*) recorded for the first time from the State. Among these, the coprophagous beetles were: Odontaeus orientalis Mittal of subfamily Geotrupinae, Hyhosorus orientalis Westw. of Hybosorinae and species crenatus Har. , finctarius Oliv. , marginellus F. , moestus F. , parvulus Har. , Urostigma Har. of genus Aphodius of Aphodiinae. From subfamily Scarabaeinae, Copris punjabensis Gill. *, C. repertus Walk. *, C. sabinus Gill. *, C. sacontala Redt. *, C. sarpedon Redt. , Catharsius molossas (L.), C. sagax (Quens.)*, Onitis excavatus Arrow*, O falcatus (Wulf)*. O. sabopacus Arrow*, Phalops divisus (Wied.)*, Caccobius denticollis Har. , C. himalayanus (Jek.), C. ultor (Sharp)*, C. vulcanus (F.)*, Onthophagus aenescens Wied. *, O. amplexus Sharp*. , O. atropolitus d'Orb. *, O. bonasus (F.)*, O. catta (F.)*, O. centricornis (F.)*, O. dama (F.)*. O. dubernardi Bouc. *, O. duporti Bouc. *; O. expansicornis Bates, O. falsus Gill. *, O. fasciatus Bouc. *, O. gagates Hope, O. gratus Arrow*, O. griseosetosus Arrow*, O. kuluensis Bates, O. marginalis (Gebl.), O. mopsus (F). * O. productus Arrow*, O. quadridentatus (F.)* O. quaestus Sharp*, O. ramosellus Bates, O. Ramosus (Wied.), O. tarandus (F.)*, O. tragus (F.)*, Drepanocerus setosus (Wied.)*, Oniticellus cinctus (F.)*, O. pallens (Oliv.)* O. pallipes (F.)*, O. spinipes Roth. , Liatongus phanaeoides (Westw.)*, were present. From phytophagous beetles, subfamily Sericinae was represented by Serica khajiaris Mittal; Melolonthinae by Brahamina coriacea (Hope), B. cribricollis (Redt.), B. crinicollis Burm. , Articephala himachali Mittal, Holotrichia longipennis (Blanch.), H. sikkimensis Brenske, Hilyotrogus holoserioeus (Redtb.), Melolontha cuprescens Blanch. , M. furcicauda Ancey, M. indica Hope, Cryptotrogus pajnii Mittal; Rutelinae by Popillia cupricollis Hope, P. cyanea Hope, P. maccelellandi Hope*, P. pilosa Arrow*, Mimela fulgidivittata Blanch. *, M. horsfieldi Hope*, M. passerinii Hope*, M. pectoralis Blanch. , Anomala alcocki (Brenske)*, A. bengalensis (Blanch.)*, A. cantori Hope*, A. dimidiata Hope*, A. lineatopennis Blanch. , A. rufiventris Redt. *, A. stoliczkae Sharp*, A. xanthonota Arrow; Dynastinae by Xylotrupes gideon (L.)*, Oryctes nasicornis (L.)*, Phyllagnthus dionysius (F.)*: and Cetoniinae by Jumnos roylei (Hope)*, Glycyphana horsfieldi (Hope)*, Protaetia neglecta (Hope), Thaumstopeus pullus (Billb.), Clinteria klugi (Hope)*. The fauna is interesting due to different elements comprising the area representing an amalgamation of several zoogeographical regions/subregions.
Delivering water, sanitation and hygiene interventions to women and children in conflict settings: a systematic review

Background Access to safe water and sanitation facilities and the adoption of effective hygiene practices are fundamental to reducing maternal and child morbidity and mortality globally. In armed conflict settings, inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure poses major health risks for women and children. This review aimed to synthesise the existing information on WASH interventions being delivered to women and children in conflict settings in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and to identify the personnel, sites and platforms being used to deliver such interventions. Methods We conducted a systematic search for publications indexed in four databases, and grey literature was searched through the websites of humanitarian agencies and organisations. Eligible publications reported WASH interventions delivered to conflict-affected women or children. We extracted and synthesised information on intervention delivery characteristics, as well as barriers and facilitators. Results We identified 58 eligible publications reporting on the delivery of WASH interventions, mostly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)/United Nations (UN) agency staff were reported to be involved in delivering interventions in 62% of publications, with the most commonly reported delivery site being community spaces (50%). Only one publication reported quantitative data on intervention effectiveness among women or children. Discussion This review revealed gaps in the current evidence on WASH intervention delivery in conflict settings. Little information is available on the delivery of water treatment or environmental hygiene interventions, or about the sites and personnel used to deliver WASH interventions. Limited quantitative data on WASH intervention coverage or effectiveness with respect to women or children are important gaps, as multiple factors can affect how WASH services are accessed differently by women and men, and the hygiene needs of adolescent girls and boys differ; these factors must be taken into account when delivering interventions in conflict settings. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019125221
Effects of upland disturbance and instream restoration on hydrodynamics and ammonium uptake in headwater streams

Abstract Delivery of water, sediments, nutrients, and organic matter to stream ecosystems is strongly influenced by the catchment of the stream and can be altered greatly by upland soil and vegetation disturbance. At the Fort Benning Military Installation (near Columbus, Georgia), spatial variability in intensity of military training results in a wide range of intensities of upland disturbance in stream catchments. A set of 8 streams in catchments spanning this upland disturbance gradient was selected for investigation of the impact of disturbance intensity on hydrodynamics and nutrient uptake. The size of transient storage zones and rates of NH4+ uptake in all study streams were among the lowest reported in the literature. Upland disturbance did not appear to influence stream hydrodynamics strongly, but it caused significant decreases in instream nutrient uptake. In October 2003, coarse woody debris (CWD) was added to ½ of the study streams (spanning the disturbance gradient) in an attempt to increase hydrodynamic and structural complexity, with the goals of enhancing biotic habitat and increasing nutrient uptake rates. CWD additions had positive short-term (within 1 mo) effects on hydrodynamic complexity (water velocity decreased and transient storage zone cross-sectional area, relative size of the transient storage zone, fraction of the median travel time attributable to transient storage over a standardized length of 200 m, and the hydraulic retention factor increased) and nutrient uptake (NH4+ uptake rates increased). Our results suggest that water quality in streams with intense upland disturbances can be improved by enhancing instream biotic nutrient uptake capacity through measures such as restoring stream CWD.
Analyse des phytocénoses des systèmes insulaires des régions de Béjaia et de Jijel (Algérie) en présence du Goéland leucophée (Larus michahellis)

Phytocenoses were studied on the islands along Bejaia and Jijel coasts, in the presence of the Yellow-legged Gull, a major disturbance factor. Floristic inventories obtained were qualitatively analysed in terms of floristic richness (families, number of taxa), floristic similarity between islands, endemism, biological type, mode of dissemination and adaptive strategy of Grime. Results show that the total number of taxa is156 and that Petit Cavallo Island, where plant cover is very similar to that of Grand Cavallo Island (60.1 %), is the richest in species (101 species). Therophyts and hemicryptophyts taxa (38.5 % and 28.2 %) characterize the six islands. The pervasive presence of gulls (Larus michahellis) affects the dissemination of diaspores, where vegetation zoochory (39.1 %) with a clear appearance of non-native plants of often heterogeneous origin. The vegetation change is towards a ruderal pole (67.9 % of ruderal s.l.) under the effect of disturbances
A BIOMATHEMATICAL MODEL OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE HEMATOTOXICITY

This article summarizes the design and validation of a biomathematical simulation model of hematotoxicity. The model was developed to allow researchers to simulate the likely quantitative impacts on various granulocyte–macrophage (GM) lineage blood cell populations of different time patterns of dosing with the myelotoxic drug and human leukemogen cyclophosphamide (CP). It is an outgrowth of the model of Steinbach et al. (1980), with some simplifications and improved CP pharmacokinetics based on experimental data (Sladek, 1988). The model consists of the following components:
Analyse du mécanisme d'entrée du virus de l'hépatite B : Identification d'un nouveau déterminant de l'infectivité

Le virus de l'hepatite B (VHB) est un agent pathogene humain, tres contagieux, responsable de pathologies hepatiques telles que la cirrhose ou le carcinome hepatocellulaire. A l'heure actuelle, on estime que 2 milliards de personnes ont ete infectees par ce virus dans le monde, parmi lesquelles on recense 350 millions de porteurs chroniques. Malgre l'existence d'un vaccin efficace, le nombre de personnes atteintes par la maladie reste eleve. Pour ces dernieres, des traitements puissants existent consistant en l'utilisation d'interferons, efficaces dans 30 a 40% des cas, ou d'antiviraux dont l'inconvenient majeur est la selection de virus resistants au traitement. Le mecanisme d'entree du VHB dans les hepatocytes est encore inconnu. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de ma these a ete d'etudier ce mecanisme afin, notamment, de contribuer au developpement de nouvelles therapeutiques empechant l'entree virale. Une des approches utilisees pour etudier le processus d'entree d'un virus consiste a etudier l'implication de ses proteines de surface dans ce phenomene. Ainsi, nous avons recherche la presence de motifs indispensables au processus d'infection dans ces proteines. Pour cela, nous y avons introduit des mutations puis nous avons analyse leur impact sur la capacite des virus a infecter des cellules saines. Cette strategie nous a permis d'identifier, au sein de la grande proteine de surface du VHB, un nouveau determinant de l'infectivite possiblement implique dans un processus de fusion permettant a l'enveloppe lipoproteique virale de fusionner avec une membrane cellulaire afin qu'elle libere sa nucleocapside, contenant l'ADN viral, dans le cytoplasme de la cellule infectee.
Live plant imports: the major pathway for forest insect and pathogen invasions of the US

Trade in live plants has been recognized worldwide as an important invasion pathway for non-native plant pests. Such pests can have severe economic and ecological consequences. Nearly 70% of damaging forest insects and pathogens established in the US between 1860 and 2006 most likely entered on imported live plants. The current regulation of plant imports is outdated and needs to balance the impacts of pest damage, the expense of mitigation efforts, and the benefits of live plant importation. To inform these discussions, we document large increases in the volume and value of plant imports over the past five decades and explain recent and proposed changes to plant import regulations. Two data sources were used to estimate the infestation rate of regulated pests in live plant shipments entering the US, thus allowing evaluation of the efficacy of the current port inspection process.
Book Reviews

Ground-breaking and visionary – it is staggering that these words apply to just listening to the views of people with dementia. In the 1990s this work was just that: Elizabeth Barnett, through ‘a story of change’, shows that no one but the person with dementia can be the person’s voice. Working over five years alongside Green House, an ‘integrated’ day hospital/inpatient facility and community team base, the experiences of clients, carers, staff and managers are elicited. Significant focus is placed on why and how to access the views of people with dementia and its implications. Barnett, by using her imagination and intuition, and through sample interviews, the observational technique of Dementia Care Mapping and the use of a discourse analysis approach, shows her ear for metaphor, interpreting and seeing all behaviour as meaningful communication. Themes are identified in working alongside people with dementia’s ‘lived experience’: