A comparative case study of subglacial bedforms in northern Lithuania and south-eastern Iceland

This paper aims to compare the dynamics of the subglacial environment as determined by an analysis of the structure and sedimentology of both Pleistocene and modern glacial deposits. Investigations focused on subglacial sediments in areas of streamlined relief in northern Lithuania (Ruopiskiai megascale subglacial lineations - MSGL) and south-eastern Iceland (drumlinised terrain exposed by the recent retreat of Skeiðararjokull glacier). Sedimentological analyses involved granulometry, till macrofabrics, and the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of micro-clasts. Comparative investigations of subglacial bedforms exposed at Ruopiskiai and Skeiðararjokull highlighted differences in their formation and post-genetic transformation. In both cases, their initiation was associated with ice advance and subglacial sediment deformation. However, subsequent dynamics were different. Abstract As early as in the 1960s, extensive heavy-mineral concentrations containing zircon, monazite, and xenotime were discovered in the Lemme region of south-western Estonia. These concentrations contribute to the elevated radioactivity levels of the enclosing sediments. The near shore sands of the Litorina Sea contain up to 10-cm-thick interlayers with a heavy mineral content of up to 80%. These anomalous layers were formed during the transgressive phase and result from a complicated cross- and alongshore migration of sedimentary material, derived mainly from local Devonian bedrock. Radioactivity level in the study area is higher relative to the majority of the Devonian plateau. The Lemmeoja buried soil has 13 radiocarbon dates in an area of renewed interest for the investigation of the Baltic Sea history. Abstract The article describes present-day processes related to sediment flux and deposition in the Puck Lagoon, southern Baltic Sea). In situ sediment traps were used for determining the sediment properties in the lagoon and its tributaries. Both sediment sources and the volume of incoming sediment were taken into account and a distinct zone of sediment deposition was discovered in the central part of the Puck Lagoon. The rate of sediment deposition in the Rzucewo Deep exceeded 8.0 mm y -1 , whereas in other parts of the Puck Lagoon it ranged from 1.9-3.9 mm y -1 . These findings provide the basis for predicting future sedimentation conditions in the Abstract This article focuses on the 1933 transatlantic flight of the airplane Lituanica and weather conditions en-route. Using reanalysis methods and comparative analysis of historiographical data, the authors aimed to restore the weather conditions and to evaluate pilots' decision-making process in rapidly changing situation during a flight from New York to Kaunas. In this study, the apparent flight path of Lituanica (actual flight path remains undocumented) was divided into three stages, with weather conditions investigated for each segment. The findings suggest that weather-based decision making was essential throughout most of the flight and could have played a vital role in the final stage. Over the European mainland, deteriorated weather conditions became