Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Metric Dimension of functigraphs

The metric dimension of a graph G, denoted by dim(G), is the minimum number of vertices such that each vertex is uniquely determined by its distances to the chosen vertices. Let G1 and G2 be disjoint copies of a graph G and let f : V(G1) → V(G2) be a function. Then a functigraphC(G, f) = (V, E) has the vertex set V = V(G1) ∪ V(G2) and the edge set E = E(G1) ∪ E(G2) ∪ {uv | v = f(u)}. We study how metric dimension behaves in passing from G to C(G, f) by first showing that 2 ≤ dim(C(G, f)) ≤ 2n - 3, if G is a connected graph of order n ≥ 3 and f is any function. We further investigate the metric dimension of functigraphs on complete graphs and on cycles.
Prevalence of dysmenorrhea in female students in a Chinese university: a prospective study.

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dysmenorrhea in a prospective approach. Menstruation-related diary data were obtained from 2640 female college students in North Sichuan Medical College; dysmenorrhea and related factors were analyzed. Dysmenorrhea occurred in 56.4% of students; 6.5% of dysmenorrheal students suffered from “hard to bear” (unbearable) menstrual pain, and 6.5% had pre-menstrual dysmenorrhea. The more severe dysmenorrhea was, the longer dysmenorrhea lasted, and the longer the duration of menstruation and the larger the amount of menstrual blood flow appeared to be. Dysmenorrhea occurred on 37% of the menstrual dates on average and was unrelated to irregularity of menstrual cycles. The percentages of students taking medicine with mild, moderate and unbearable dysmenorrhea were 4.0%, 13.3% and 23.7%, respectively.
Contentment with quality of life among breast cancer survivors with and without contralateral prophylactic mastectomy.

PURPOSE To understand psychosocial outcomes after prophylactic removal of the contralateral breast in women with unilateral breast cancer. METHODS We mailed surveys to women with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy after breast cancer diagnosis between 1979 and 1999 at six health care delivery systems, and to a smaller random sample of women with breast cancer without the procedure. Measures were modeled on instruments developed to assess contentment with quality of life, body image, sexual satisfaction, breast cancer concern, depression, and health perception. We examined associations between quality of life and the other domains using logistic regression. RESULTS The response rate was 72.6%. Among 519 women who underwent contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, 86.5% were satisfied with their decision; 76.3% reported high contentment with quality of life compared with 75.4% of 61 women who did not undergo the procedure (P = .88). Among all case subjects, less contentment with quality of life was not associated with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy or demographic characteristics, but was associated with poor or fair general health perception (odds ratio [OR], 7.0; 95% CI, 3.4 to 14.1); possible depression (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 3.1 to 9.2); dissatisfaction with appearance when dressed (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 2.0 to 6.0); self-consciousness about appearance (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.7); and avoiding thoughts about breast cancer (modest: OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1 to 4.5; highest: OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 0.9 to 3.2). CONCLUSION Most women undergoing contralateral prophylactic mastectomy report satisfaction with their decision and experience psychosocial outcomes similar to breast cancer survivors without the procedure.
Health care for black and poor hospitalized Medicare patients.

OBJECTIVE To analyze whether elderly patients who are black or from poor neighborhoods receive worse hospital care than other patients, taking account of hospital effects and using validated measures of quality of care. DESIGN We compare quality of care provided to insured, hospitalized Medicare patients who are black or live in poor neighborhoods as compared with others, using simple and multivariable comparisons of clinically detailed measures of sickness at admission, quality, and outcomes. SETTING Two hundred ninety-seven acute care hospitals in 30 areas within five states. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS The sample includes a nationally representative sample of 9932 patients 65 years of age or older who lived at home prior to hospitalization for congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, or stroke. INTERVENTIONS This was an observational study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Processes of care, length of stay, instability at discharge, discharge destination, and mortality. RESULTS Within rural, urban nonteaching, and urban teaching hospitals, patients who are black or from poor neighborhoods have worse processes of care and greater instability at discharge than other patients (P < .05). However, this worse quality is offset by patients who are black or from poor neighborhoods being 1.8 times more likely to receive care in urban teaching hospitals that have been shown to provide better quality of care (P < .001). Because these patients receive more of their care in better-quality hospitals, there are no overall differences in quality by race and poverty status. Death rates did not vary by race or poverty status. CONCLUSIONS Quality of hospital care for insured Medicare patients in influenced both by the patient's race and financial characteristics and by the hospital type in which the patient receives care.
Life events, relatives' Expressed Emotion and maintenance neuroleptics in schizophrenic relapse

Synopsis Data from two studies, one naturalistic and the other a controlled trial, were analysed to clarify the relationships between independent life events, Expressed Emotion of a key relative, maintenance neuroleptics and the relapse of schizophrenia. It was found that patients in the community who are unprotected by medication are vulnerable either to acute stress in the form of life events or to chronic stress in the form of living with a high Expressed Emotion relative. Patients on regular medication are protected against one or other stress, but are very likely to relapse if the two forms of stress occur together. A model of schizophrenic susceptibility to environmental stress is constructed to incorporate these observations.
A Comparison of Netilmicin and Gentamicin in the Treatment of Pelvic Infections

Seventy-five women admitted with the symptom complex suggestive of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) were started on a penicillin-aminoglycoside antibiotic regimen. An aminoglycoside, gentamicin or netilmicin (Schering-Plough), was chosen randomly and given parenlerally. Forty-two patients received netilmicin and 33 received gentamicin for 5 days. Therapeutic response to the 2 antibiotic regimens was similar. Aminoglycosides have been associated with both nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Blood chemistries were studied in all patients. The only manifested toxicity was in 2 patients treated with gentamicin. Endometrial-endocervical cultures were obtained before and after therapy. The microbacteria isolated by standard culture techniques before therapy revealed Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 69% and 51% of the netilmicin and gentamicin groups, respectively; anaerobic organisms were cultured in about 75% of each group.
Improving self-care of patients with chronic disease using online personal health record.

BACKGROUND Effective management of chronic diseases such as prostate cancer is important. Research suggests a tendency to use self-care treatment options such as over-the-counter (OTC) complementary medications among prostate cancer patients. The current trend in patient-driven recording of health data in an online Personal Health Record (PHR) presents an opportunity to develop new data-driven approaches for improving prostate cancer patient care. However, the ability of current online solutions to share patients' data for better decision support is limited. An informatics approach may improve online sharing of self-care interventions among these patients. It can also provide better evidence to support decisions made during their self-managed care. AIMS To identify requirements for an online system and describe a new case-based reasoning (CBR) method for improving self-care of advanced prostate cancer patients in an online PHR environment. METHOD A non-identifying online survey was conducted to understand self-care patterns among prostate cancer patients and to identify requirements for an online information system. The pilot study was carried out between August 2010 and December 2010. A case-base of 52 patients was developed. RESULTS The data analysis showed self-care patterns among the prostate cancer patients. Selenium (55%) was the common complementary supplement used by the patients. Paracetamol (about 45%) was the commonly used OTC by the patients. CONCLUSION The results of this study specified requirements for an online case-based reasoning information system. The outcomes of this study are being incorporated in design of the proposed Artificial Intelligence (Al) driven patient journey browser system. A basic version of the proposed system is currently being considered for implementation.
Muerte súbita en miocardiopatía hipertrófica

Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is an inherited cardiac muscle disorder disease that affects sarcomeric proteins, resulting in left ventricular hypertrophy with predominant involvement of the interventricular septum in the absence of other causes of hypertrophy. It is characterized by a heterogeneous clinical and morphologic expression, complex pathophysiology,and diverse clinical course, being sudden death the most dreaded course of this disease.For which risk stratification and prevention with implantable cardioverter defibrillator are the recommended management for this patients. Descriptores: miocardiopatía hipertrófica, muerte súbita, gradiente de obstrucción subaórtico, cardiodesfibrilador implantable.
The integrin-binding domain of invasin is sufficient to allow bacterial entry into mammalian cells

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is able to enter normally nonphagocytic host cells by multiple pathways, the most efficient of which is mediated by invasin, a 986-amino-acid bacterial outer membrane protein. It has previously been shown that the C-terminal 192 amino acids of invasin are sufficient to bind mammalian cells. To determine if additional regions of the invasin protein are necessary to promote entry, we developed a novel assay that tests the ability of various invasin derivatives to confer on Staphylococcus aureus the ability to enter animal cells. We determined that the 192-amino-acid cell-binding region of invasin, when used to coat the bacterial cell surface, was also sufficient to promote cellular penetration. These results suggest that the simple binding of invasin to its receptors is sufficient to mediate entry and that the bacterium plays a largely passive role in the entry process.
The Predictive Value of the EWGSOP Definition of Sarcopenia: Results From the InCHIANTI Study.

BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes in older people. Aim of the study was to explore the predictive value of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) diagnostic algorithm in terms of disability, hospitalization, and mortality and analyze the specific role of grip strength and walking speed as diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. METHODS Longitudinal analysis of 538 participants enrolled in the InCHIANTI study. Sarcopenia was defined as having low muscle mass plus low grip strength or low gait speed (EWGSOP criteria). Muscle mass was assessed using bioimpedance analysis. Cox proportional and logistic regression models were used to assess risk of death, hospitalization, and disability for sarcopenic people and to investigate the individual contributions of grip strength and walking speed to the predictive value of the EWGSOP's algorithm. RESULTS Prevalence of EWGSOP-defined sarcopenia at baseline was 10.2%. After adjusting for potential confounders, sarcopenia was associated with disability (odds ratio 3.15; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41-7.05), hospitalization (hazard ratio [HR] 1.57; 95% CI 1.03-2.41), and mortality (HR 1.88; 95% CI 0.91-3.91). The association between an alternative sarcopenic phenotype, defined only by the presence of low muscle mass and low grip strength, and both disability and mortality were similar to the association with the phenotypes defined by low muscle mass and low walking speed or by the EWGSOP algorithm. CONCLUSIONS The EWGSOP's phenotype is a good predictor of incident disability, hospitalization and death. Assessment of only muscle weakness, in addition to low muscle mass, provided similar predictive value as compared to the original algorithm.
Target tracking control of mobile robot in diversified manoeuvre modes with a low cost embedded vision system

Purpose – Target tracking systems are generally computationally intensive and require expensive and power‐hungry visual sensors. On the other hand, the existing target tracking control approaches fail to track the target swiftly and accurately when the mobile robot moves in the diversified manoeuvre modes. The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel target tracking control method with a low cost embedded vision system to achieve high accuracy and speediness of target tracking control, regardless of the type of manoeuvre modes.Design/methodology/approach – The pan/tilt angle differences are transformed from the tracking error between the image centre and the coordinates of the target centroid returned by the CMUcam3; the corresponding pan/tilt angle variation rates are calculated based on the manoeuvre control. All of them are fed to the controller. Then the controller generates appropriate control signals to fit the changing speed of target centroid and compensate for the tracking error. The experimen.
Ibrutinib: a paradigm shift in management of CLL

B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling plays a vital role in B-cell malignancies; Bruton tyrosine kinase is a critical mediator of this signaling. BCR signaling, either constitutively or following antigen binding, leads to activation of several downstream pathways involved in cell survival, proliferation and migration. The efficacy observed in studies of the Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, ibrutinib, confirms that BCR signaling is critical for the growth of B-cell malignancies. Ibrutinib characteristically induces redistribution of malignant B cells from tissues into the peripheral blood and rapid resolution of adenopathy. Furthermore, ibrutinib therapy results in normalization of lymphocyte counts and improvement in cytopenias. Ibrutinib has been shown to have an excellent safety profile and does not cause myelosuppression. Early data from combination studies of ibrutinib with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies have shown more rapid responses compared to those seen with ibrutinib monotherapy. Current data strongly support continued clinical evaluation of ibrutinib in B-cell malignancies.
The genetic epidemiology of parental discipline

Background. Previous studies of parental discipline have identified little influence of heritability on parental control, and some influence of gene–environment correlations, shared environment and child temperament. Method. Using interview data from 2003 female twins from a population-based twin registry and 1472 of their parents, we examined reports of parental discipline from four perspectives: (1) father and mother reporting separately on the type of discipline they provided for their offspring; (2) each twin reporting on the type of discipline they received from their parents; (3) each parent reporting on the discipline provided by their spouse; and, (4) each twin reporting on the discipline they provided for their own offspring. Using factor analysis and univariate structural equation modelling, we examined the structure of parental discipline, and the genetic and environmental influences thereon. Results. The seven discipline items yielded two factors, physical discipline and limit setting, which were moderately positively correlated. Parents perceived discipline as largely a common environmental experience for the twins, whereas the twins indicated that discipline was influenced by unique environmental factors and the genotype of the child. Twins as parents indicated no influence of shared environment on discipline, with the majority of influence accounted for by non- shared environment and parental genotype. Conclusions. Parents recall providing similar discipline to their children, whereas children emphasize the differences in parental discipline. Sources of individual variation in parental discipline vary according to which family member report is examined. In total, parental discipline is partially influenced by the genotype of both the parent and child, and by environmental factors shared by the twins and unique to the individual.
Tracking-task performance during heat stress simulating cockpit conditions in high-performance aircraft.

Heat stress can be a significant problem in high-performance aircraft, where it has a measurable physiological impact on aircrew and may alter the Icarninc curve for novel tasks. In these experiments nine men were trained to plateau performance on a compensatory tracking tusk. They were then tested at the end of 2 h exposures to the following conditions (Tdb/Twb, °C): Control (C) 25/ambient, Warm (W) 35/26 and Hot (H) 40/30. For W and H, globe temperature was raised to 12°C above Tdb by infrared lamps. While W was physiologically compensable. H was near the upper limit of tolerance, as shown by steadily rising heart rate. elevated rectal temperature and 1·4 kg mean weight loss. The simplest tracking task showed a small but statistically significant improvement in time on target with heat, while two more difficult tasks showed no change. Human operator modelling supported these findings. Discussion relates these results to actual cockpit conditions and the literature of performance in heat.
A Non-Economic Model of the Social Value of Network Policy

To understand market dynamics relating to net neutrality better, in particular from the end-user perspective, this study examines consumer perception of neutrality and the public value under debate within the neutrality discussions. Focusing on the user perspective, it analyzes the policy effectiveness of current net neutrality by analyzing user perception and opinion. A value model is proposed to empirically test the policy effectiveness by incorporating factors representing net neutrality. The factors are drawn from people's perceived concepts of net neutrality. The findings show that while competition and regulation are the two main factors constituting net neutrality, each of them influences the formation of attitude toward policy effectiveness differently. This study contributes to policymakers by increasing an understanding of market dynamics relating to net neutrality, in particular from the end-user perspective.
Prevention of Early Mutans Streptococci Transmission in Infants by Professional Tooth Cleaning and Chlorhexidine Varnish Treatment of the Mother

Mutans streptococci (MS) are transmitted in early childhood from the mother to the infant, mostly by saliva. This study evaluated the influence of chlorhexidine (CHX) varnish-mediated suppression of MS in mothers with high salivary MS counts on the frequency of MS colonization in their children at 2 years of age. Professional tooth cleaning followed by CHX varnish application in 16 mothers with high salivary MS counts resulted in a significantly lower number of MS-colonized infants at 2 years of age when compared to a control group of 13 untreated mother-child pairs with high maternal salivary MS levels. The frequency of MS colonization in the CHX-treated group was not significantly different from the one found in a negative control group of 15 mother-child pairs with low maternal salivary MS levels.
Renewal Through Reorganization: The Value of Inconsistencies between Formal and Informal Organization

We develop a theoretical perspective on how inconsistencies between formal and informal organization arising from reorganization can help create ambidextrous organizations. We argue that under some conditions, the informal organization can compensate for the formal organization by motivating a distinct but valuable form of employee behavior that the formal organization does not emphasize, and vice versa---an effect we label compensatory fit. We illustrate the concept of compensatory fit by drawing on qualitative data from a reorganization at Cisco Systems. We also derive formal boundary conditions for compensatory fit using a simple game theoretic representation. We show that compensatory fit can only work when there is a powerful informal organization already in existence, and when the gains from ambidexterity are substantial. Further, depending on the strength of the informal organization, breakdown in the conditions necessary for compensatory fit may lead to performance declines and further reorganizations.
Nutritional Status Assessment of Children with Nutritional Rickets Under Five Years at District Headquarter Hospital, Upper Dir- Pakistan

Citation: Shazia F, Abbas K, Falak Z, Saleem K, Mahpara S, et al. (2017) Nutritional Status Assessment of Children with Nutritional Rickets Under Five Years at District Headquarter Hospital, Upper DirPakistan. J Nutr Health Sci 4(2): 203. doi: 10.15744/2393-9060.4. 203 Volume 4 | Issue 2 Journal of Nutrition and Health Sciences
Distribution of certain subgingival microbial species in selected periodontal conditions.

Nine commonly encountered subgingival species were enumerated in subgingival plaque samples from periodontally healthy, gingivitis, and adult and juvenile periodontitis subjects employing two elective and three selective media. Samples were also obtained for darkfield microscopy. Results indicated that Eikenella corrodens and Fusobacterium nucleatum were usually elevated in proportions in sites with gingivitis or destructive periodontal disease. Capnocytophaga gingivalis was associated with gingivitis whereas Capnocytophaga ochracea was found in higher proportions in subgingival plaques of subjects with juvenile periodontitis. Previous association of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans with juvenile periodontitis was confirmed. Spirochetes and other motile organisms were found more frequently and in higher proportions in the three disease states and were very strongly correlated with pocket depth. Motile organisms were also positively correlated with levels of plaque and redness in contrast to cocci which showed a strong negative correlation with all clinical parameters recorded.
Crystal structure of arylamine N-acetyltransferases: insights into the mechanisms of action and substrate selectivity

Introduction: Arylamine N-acetyltransferases (NATs) are polymorphic xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes catalyzing the acetylation of aromatic amine chemicals of pharmacological/toxicological relevance (drugs, carcinogens). NATs are primordial determinants of the detoxification and/or bioactivation of these compounds. These enzymes are found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Several NAT isoenzymes may be present in one organism, and their substrate specificity profile and pattern of tissue expression suggest distinct functional roles. Areas covered: Many advances in NAT mechanism, substrate specificity, and functional impact of polymorphism have come from crystallographic and NMR studies. To date, the crystal structures of 10 different NAT homologues have been solved, including two human isoforms and several bacterial NATs. The authors present the most recent snapshot in NAT structure differences and similarities. The authors also depict the structural bases of substrate/inhibitor recognition and specificity, cofactor binding, catalytic mechanism, genetic regulation (polymorphism), and enzyme inhibition. Expert opinion: The determination of other NATs structures will help to develop specific inhibitors of NAT enzymes with potential clinical relevance. In addition, it will contribute to the identification of endogenous substrates and novel functions associated to this family of enzymes.