Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complex effects of day and night temperature fluctuations on thermally plastic traits in a seasonal plasticity model

Background Changes in development in response to seasonally variable environments can produce phenotypes adjusted to fluctuating seasonal conditions and help organisms cope with temporal heterogeneity. In contrast to what happens in natural situations, experimental studies of developmental plasticity typically use environmental factors held constant during development, precluding assessment of potential environment-by-environment interaction effects. Results We tested effects of circadian fluctuations in temperature on a series of thermally plastic traits in a model of adaptive seasonal plasticity, the butterfly Bicyclus anynana. Comparing phenotypes from individuals reared under two types of fluctuations (warmer days with cooler nights, and cooler days with warmer nights) and those reared under a constant temperature of the same daily average allowed us to identify complex patterns of response to day and night temperatures. We found evidence of additive-like effects (for body size), but also different types of “dominance”-type effects where one particular period of the light cycle (for development time) or one particular extreme temperature (for eyespot size) had a relatively larger contribution to phenotype expression. We also gathered evidence against the hypothesis that thermal plasticity in development time drives thermal plasticity in other traits. Conclusions Combined effects of fluctuating day and night temperatures include additive-like effects as well as different types of environmental-dominance interaction effects. Differences between plastic traits reveal independent responses to temperature, and possible independent assessment of temperature conditions. Our study underscores the importance of understanding how organisms integrate complex environmental information towards a complete understanding of natural phenotypic variation and of the potential impact of environmental change thereon.
Nectar feeding by the day gecko Phelsuma mutabilis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) on the mangrove tree Sonneratia alba (Lythraceae) in southwest Madagascar

partially inundated by seawater twice a day, and thus present a challenging environment for terrestrial reptiles. A number of reptile species occur in mangroves globally, including the snake Boiga dendrophila, the monitor Varanus indicus and the saltwater crocodile Crocodylus porosus, but very little is known about the use of this habitat by reptiles in Madagascar. Four species of arboreal lizard (Phelsuma cf. dubia, Geckolepis sp., Furcifer pardalis and F. oustaleti) have been recorded in the mangroves of Diego Suarez Bay, northern Madagascar (D’Cruze et al., 2007), but we know nothing about their ecology in this unique ecosystem. Here we present an observation of a novel interaction between a gecko adapted to sub-arid environments and a mangrove tree. On 09.10. 2013 at approximately 11:00 and again on 25.10. 2013 at 11:30, B. Taylor observed an adult Phelsuma mutabilis (Grandidier, 1869) (Squamata: Gekkonidae) drinking nectar from the flowers of the mangrove tree Sonneratia alba Sm. (Lythraceae) flowering period October to December – at Ambondrolava (23°15’35.7’’ S, 43°37’23.6’’ E), a mangrove and freshwater wetland complex in southwest Madagascar (see Gardner et al. 2012 for site description). Both observations took place in the same tree, at a height of approximately 3 m; in each case the individual was observed entering a newly opened flower head of S. alba, pushing aside exserted stamens until approximately a third of the body length was within the flower (Fig. 13). The lizard then left the targeted flower and moved along the branch towards the centre of the tree; on both observations this activity lasted less than five minutes; Herpetology Notes, volume 7: 85-87 (2014) (published online on 17 February 2014)
The Morbidity and Mortality Conference: Opportunities for Enhancing Patient Safety

Abstract Since the 20th century, health care institutions have used morbidity and mortality conferences (MMCs) as a forum to discuss complicated cases and fatalities to capitalize on lessons learned. Medical technology, health care processes, and the teams who provide care have evolved over time, but the format of the MMC has remained relatively unchanged. The present article outlines 5 key areas for improvement within the MMC along with prescriptive and actionable recommendations for mitigating these challenges. This work incorporates the contributions of numerous researchers and practitioners from the educational, training, debrief, and health care fields. With the best practices and lessons learned from various domains in mind, we recommend optimizing the MMC by (1) encouraging a culture that leverages expertise from multiple sources, (2) allocating ample time for innovative thinking, (3) using a global approach that considers individual, team, and system-level factors, (4) leveraging learnings from errors as well as near misses, and (5) promoting communication, innovative thinking, and actionable planning. The 5 evidence-based recommendations herein serve to ensure that MMCs are structured learning events that promote, encourage, and support safe, reliable care. Furthermore, the outlined recommendations seek to capitalize upon the MMC’s opportunity to engage early discovery as well as proactive risk assessment and action-oriented solutions.
Combined kNN Classification and Hierarchical Similarity Hash for Fast Malware Detection

Every day, hundreds of thousands of new malicious files are created. Existing pattern-based antivirus solutions have difficulty detecting these new malicious files. Artificial intelligence (AI)–based malware detection has been proposed to solve the problem; however, it takes a long time. Similarity hash–based detection has also been proposed; however, it has a low detection rate. To solve these problems, we propose k-nearest-neighbor (kNN) classification for malware detection with a vantage-point (VP) tree using a similarity hash. When we use kNN classification, we reduce the detection time by 67% and increase the detection rate by 25%. With a VP tree using a similarity hash, we reduce the similarity-hash search time by 20%.
Peptide vaccines for cancers that express polypeptides DEPDC1

A peptide of less than about 15 amino acids, wherein said peptide comprises the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO: 230, 192, 195, 197, 209, 225, 226, 228, 240, 241, 243, 244, 249 , 253, or 254, or a peptide of less than about 15 amino acids having inducibility of cytotoxic T cells, wherein it said peptide comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 230, 192, 195, 197, 209, 225, 226, 228, 240, 241, 243, 244, 249, 253, and 254, wherein 1 or 2 amino acids are substituted, deleted, or added.
The features of the influence of urban identity on the social and psychological adaptation of students

The purpose is to clarify the influence of the level of maturity of the urban identity on the social and psychological adaptation of students and satisfaction with life. Methods. The following methods were used in the empirical research: Urban Identity Questionnaire (S. O. Litvinova, O. I. Muravyova); Questionnaire of Social and Psychological Adaptation (C. Rogers & R. Diamond, adapted by O. K. Osnytsky); The Satisfaction with Life Scale of E. Diener adapted by D. O. Leontiev, Ye. M. Osin). Results. The article includes different theoretical viewpoints and scientific approaches to the substantiation of the concept “urban identity”. The structure of urban identity consists of cognitive, emotional and behavioral-regulatory components. The research shows the influence of mature identity on the social adaptation under urban conditions. The authors make the social Анотація Мета: з’ясувати вплив рівня сформованості міської ідентичності на соціально-психологічну адаптацію студентської молоді та задоволеність життям. Методи. В емпіричному дослідженні застосовано методики: Опитувальник ідентичності з містом (С. О. Літвінова, О. І. Муравьова); Опитувальник соціально-психологічної адаптації (К. Роджерс, Р. Даймонд в адаптації О. К. Осницького); Шкала задоволеності життям E. Дінера в адаптації Д. О. Леонтьєва, Є. М. Осіна. Результати. В статті наведено різні теоретичні погляди та наукові підходи щодо обґрунтування поняття “міська ідентичність”. У структурі міської ідентичності виокремлено когнітивний, емоційний та поведінково-регулятивний компоненти. Показано значення сформованої міської ідентичності на соціальну адаптацію в умовах міста. Зроблено соціально-психологічне аналізування відмінностей Blynova Olena,
Anticipating emerging arboviruses: What comes after Zika?

New vector-borne diseases have emerged on multiple occasions over the last several decades, raising fears that they may become established within the United States. Here, we provide a watchlist of flaviviruses with high potential to emerge in the US, identified using new statistical techniques for mining the associations in partially observed data, to allow the public health community to better target surveillance.
Interaction of the Olfactory System of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with Diltiazem

Diltiazem is ubiquitously prescribed and has been reported in many effluents and freshwater bodies. Being a calcium channel blocker, diltiazem could disrupt the function of the sensory and central nervous systems. In the present study, using electro‐olfactography (EOG), we investigated the interaction of diltiazem with the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) of rainbow trout by looking into the detection threshold and effects of immediate (~5 min) and acute (24 h) exposure to diltiazem at 6.6, 66, and 660 µg/L. We also studied the accumulation of the drug in fish plasma and whole body. Brief exposure to diltiazem impaired the OSN response to a chemosensory stimulus in a concentration‐dependent manner at 6.6 µg/L and higher, whereas OSNs exposed for 24 h only displayed an impairment at 660 µg/L. Chemical analysis showed that the accumulation of diltiazem in fish plasma and body correlated with the EOG response because it was 10 times higher in the group that displayed a significant impairment (660 µg/L) compared to the other 2 groups (6.6, 66 µg/L). This correlation suggests that the impact of diltiazem on OSNs might partially be through the accumulated molecules in the fish bloodstream. Fish did not detect diltiazem as a sensory stimulus even at concentrations as high as 660 µg/L; thus, fish could potentially swim toward or fail to escape harmful concentrations of diltiazem. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:554–550. © 2020 SETAC
Psychological problems among the palestinian university students on the West Bank

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of psychological problems among Palestinian university students on the West Bank. The sample consisted of 254 volunteer undergraduate students (50.4% males and 49.6% females). Data was collected using Psychological Problems Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and a Demographic Information Form. The study showed that anxiety score (M = 2.83; SD = .92) was signifi cantly higher than depression (M = 2.55; SD = .95), and psychosomatic symptoms (M = 2.57; SD =.87) scores. Anxiety and psychosomatic symptoms were signifi cantly higher among female students than males. Furthermore, anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with perceived social support from friends, family and signifi cant others.
Corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy 5754 in cement‐based matrix‐simulating nuclear waste disposal conditions

Depending on the lifetime and level of radioactivity of radioactive wastes, different disposal facilities are considered. Though low‐ and intermediate‐level short‐lived waste can be disposed in surface disposal facilities, deep geological disposal is considered for high‐ and intermediate‐level long‐lived waste. In France and Belgium, long‐term disposal is studied in clay host rock media. For aluminum, the disposal concept is based on encapsulation of the waste in a cement‐based matrix. It is also well‐known that aluminum is prone to severe corrosion in sufficiently alkaline environments leading to possible hydrogen production. To ensure the safety of the disposal facilities and the integrity of the cement capsules, the amount of aluminum that is disposed in each waste package must be specified and is limited to mitigate the level of hydrogen production by aluminum corrosion. In the present study, the corrosion resistance of an aluminum alloy (grade EN‐AW‐5754/H111) in two different cement matrices was studied in different configurations at room temperature. In each case, the evolution of hydrogen production was monitored to address the corrosion rate variation versus time.
Quantifying environmental impacts of primary aluminum ingot production and consumption: A trade‐linked multilevel life cycle assessment

Aluminum is one of the most used metals of modern civilization, but its production is responsible for multiple adverse environmental impacts mostly due to aluminum smelting and alumina refining. Previous life cycle assessments (LCAs) have aggregated alumina refining into a single global process even though refining processes are highly spatially differentiated and alumina is highly traded. Our work improves on existing LCAs of primary aluminum by including temporal and spatial differentiation in alumina refining and aluminum smelting and trade of alumina and primary aluminum ingots. We build country‐level impact factors for primary aluminum ingot production and consumption, with the spatial distributions of environmental impacts, from 2000 to 2017, by combining a trade‐linked multilevel material flow analysis with LCA using six midpoint categories of the ReCiPe method. Climate change impacts of primary aluminum production range from 4.5 to 33.6 kg CO2 eq./kg. We then estimate the life cycle production‐ and consumption‐based environmental burdens of primary aluminum ingot by country. High spatial variations exist among impact factors of primary aluminum production. Aggregating the alumina refining processes into a single process may cause important deviations on the impact factors of primary aluminum ingot production (up to 38% differences in climate change impacts). Finally, we estimate the climate change impacts of worldwide primary aluminum production at 1.2 Gt CO2 eq. in 2017 and untangle their spatial origins, localized at 70% in China. Overall, we show the importance of spatial differentiation for highly traded products that rely on highly traded inputs and offer recommendations for LCA practitioners. This article met the requirements for a gold‐gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.
GABA concentrations in the anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices: Associations with chronic cigarette smoking, neurocognition, and decision making

Chronic cigarette smoking is associated with regional metabolite abnormalities in choline‐containing compounds, creatine‐containing compounds, glutamate, and N‐acetylaspartate. The effects of cigarette smoking on anterior frontal cortical gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration are unknown. This study compared chronic smokers (n = 33) and nonsmokers (n = 31) on anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) GABA+ (the sum of GABA and coedited macromolecules) concentrations and associations of GABA+ levels in these regions with seven neurocognitive domains of functioning, decision making, and impulsivity measures. Smokers had significantly lower right DLPFC GABA+ concentration than nonsmokers, but groups were equivalent on ACC GABA+ level. Across groups, greater number of days since end of menstrual cycle was related to higher GABA+ level in the ACC but not right DLPFC GABA+ concentration. In exploratory correlation analyses, higher ACC and right DLPFC GABA+ levels were associated with faster processing speed and better auditory‐verbal memory, respectively, in the combined group of smokers and nonsmokers; in smokers only, higher ACC GABA+ was related to better decision making and auditory‐verbal learning. This study contributes additional novel data on the adverse effects of chronic cigarette smoking on the adult human brain and demonstrated ACC and DLPFC GABA+ concentrations were associated with neurocognition and decision making/impulsivity in active cigarette smokers. Longitudinal studies on the effects of smoking cessation on regional brain GABA levels, with a greater number of female participants, are required to determine if the observed metabolite abnormalities are persistent or normalize with smoking cessation.
Sales Promotion System Design with Customer Relationship Management approach at Hotel

The hotel needs to consider how to establish working relationships with other companies and how to continue to increase hotel revenue. The purpose of this research is to design a system that can provide recommendations on the types of promotions given to customers based on the hotel’s sales call data, therefore the hotel’s revenue targets could be achieved. Based on the results of the analysis that has been done, which is revenue for the next periods and target of sales promotion it can be concluded that the system design is made by calculating using the Trend Linear method can determine the estimated revenue that will be achieved in the future. Therefore, the Customer Relationship Management approach can help the Director of Sales Marketing in determining the target promotion and estimation of the hotel’s revenue so that the number of customers can increase.
Heat tolerance and acclimation in female athletes

This thesis aimed to develop a running heat tolerance test (RHTT) to assess changes in heat tolerance and to investigate the mechanism and optimisation of heat acclimation (HA) for female athletes. The first study introduced a RHTT and assessed its repeatability. Results demonstrate good agreement, strong correlations and small differences between repeated trials. The typical error of measure values suggested low within-participant variability. Furthermore, the RHTT was effective in differentiating between individuals’ physiological responses, demonstrating that heat tolerance lies along a continuum. The second study examined the sensitivity of the RHTT to changes in heat tolerance and to evaluate individual responses to HA. Results demonstrate that the RHTT is sensitive to changes in heat tolerance and that the magnitude of adaptation is highly individual; supporting the use of the RHTT in future investigations. Reducing thermal strain through HA in not fully understood for a female population. The third study compared males’ and females’ temporal patterning to short-term HA (STHA; 5-d) and long-term HA (LTHA; 10-d). The RHTT was used to quantify changes in heat tolerance. The results confirm that whilst STHA may be effective in achieving partial adaptation in males and females, females require LTHA to establish reductions in thermoregulatory and cardiovascular strain. Improved thermotolerance following HA, reduces disruptions to cellular homeostasis principally, but not exclusively, by increasing basal heat shock protein 72 following transcription of its gene (Hsp 72 mRNA) as part of the heat shock response (HSR). The fourth study compared males’ and females’ Hsp72 mRNA response during STHA and LTHA. The similar transcription of Hsp72 mRNA observed in all participants suggests that there are no differences in the endogenous criteria to elicit the HSR between sexes. The fifth study assessed the effectiveness of preceding STHA with a passive heat exposure (HAsauna) in females. HAsauna resulted in reductions in thermoregulatory, cardiovascular and perceptual strain. The adaptation pathway was likely mediated in part, by plasma volume expansion and an improved thermoeffector and thermosensitivity response of the sudomotor function. Together, evidence in this thesis supports the notion that special considerations need to be taken when using HA to attenuate thermoregulatory strain in female athletes prior to training and competing in the heat.
Manufacturing Challenges of a Modular Transverse Flux Alternator for Aerospace

This paper presents the manufacturing challenges of a transverse flux alternator for an aerospace application. For fault tolerance, four independent isolated phases are required to deliver a specific power at low speeds, whilst at over speed, there is a strict limit on the short circuit current. A transverse flux machine (TFM) was selected due to its high inductance combined with the modular nature of separate phases lending itself to fault tolerance. The stator consists of pressed soft magnetic composite (SMC) segments. The authors explore the electromagnetic, mechanical, and assembly design challenges of the machine. It is shown that mechanical design aspects of the segments are of equal importance to the electromagnetic design and optimization. Simple design choices have allowed the same component to be used as all the stator segments, despite the requirement of a 90° electrical phase difference between phases and a tooth offset of 180° electrical within each phase.
Prediction of Dengue Fever Outbreak Based on Case Household Locations in Southern Taiwan

Dengue fever is a serious vector-borne infectious viral disease found worldwide. Dengue fever forecasting is in demand in the front line of epidemic prevention and control work. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using only notified case home locations to predict new cases and village locations. We took the Tainan City dengue fever outbreak in 2015 as the research subject and divided it into 5 periods according to epidemic temporal change. In each period, the predicted variable was the location of the reported cases in the previous week, the previous 2 weeks, and the previous 3 weeks. In addition, we used 21 preset distances with a radius of 0 to 2000 m at intervals of 100 m to predict the villages where new cases would appear. Accounting for 4 predictors of a confusion matrix at each preset distance, these predictors were used in calculations using the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) as the basis for model evaluation. In the lag phase, the optimal predictor was within 1700 m in the 3-week forecast. In the exponential phase, the optimal predictor was within 300 m in the 1-week forecast. In the stationary phase, the optimal predictor was within 100 m in the 3-week forecast and within 200 m in the 2-week forecast. In the early decline phase, the optimal predictor was 0 m in the 1-week forecast. In the late decline phase, the optimal predictor was within 200 m in the 2-week forecast. According to MCC calculations and comparisons among the 5 studied periods, the best MCC score was in the exponential phase, a stage of rapid increase of new cases. The results of this study suggest that the epidemic forecasting model based on the location of notified cases has a high reference value for epidemic control and prevention.