Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Standards and Local Policies for School Diabetes Care

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyse the practical implementation of regional and na-tional policies through the Protocol of Care of Children and Adolescents in School (2010) in Extremadura Region (Spain), and to compare its contents with the international standards of diabetes care at school defined by American Diabetes Association and International Diabetes Federation. The measures not only affect the security and diabetes care, but also inclusion and the right to health. Methods: A documental comparative analysis between the local and international standards about diabetes care in school setting is carried out. This analysis is framed in a larger project focused on the study of health promoting school and diabetes education, in which perceptions of children and adolescents with diabetes, their parents and school staff were studied. Results: The Protocol of Care of Children and Adolescents in School (2010) contains some international recommendations about the care of T1DM at school, but in other cases the measures are non-specific. The distribution of responsibilities for care at school is unclear and no monitoring and evaluation indicators are defined. Some elements are identified to be implemented in the tool to favour the security, management of T1DM care and wellbeing. In general, these elements refer to school plan for diabetes care, school organization and teachers, and school community training. Conclusion: It is required to develop specific policies and decisive action to ensure the right to health of children with diabetes and the full application of international standards for diabetes care at school.
Short title: Catechin and Proanthocyanidins are Antifungal Defenses in Poplar

Article title: Flavan-3-ols are an Effective Chemical Defense against Rust 1 infection 2 3 Corresponding author: Almuth Hammerbacher, Department of Zoology and Entomology, 4 Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Private Bag 5 X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa, Email: almuth.hammerbacher@fabi.up. ac.za, Phone: 6 +27 12 460 3934, Fax: +27 12 460 3960 7 8 Research area: Biochemistry and Metabolism 9 10 Short title: Catechin and Proanthocyanidins are Antifungal Defenses in Poplar 11 12 Authors: Chhana Ullah, Sybille B. Unsicker, Christin Fellenberg, C. Peter Constabel, Axel 13 Schmidt, Jonathan Gershenzon, and Almuth Hammerbacher 14 15 Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 16 07745 Jena, Germany; Department of Biology, Centre for Forest Biology, University of 17 Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3N5, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, 18 Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; 19 To whom correspondence should be directed. 20 21 One sentence summary: Black poplar synthesizes flavan-3-ols as anti-fungal defenses against 22 the foliar rust fungus (Melampsora larici-populina). 23 24 Author contributions: CU, SU, JG and AH designed the research. CU performed the 25 experiments and analyzed the data, assisted by AH. AS produced the transgenic black poplar 26 lines. CPC and CF produced the transgenic hybrid aspen lines and conducted inoculation 27 experiment with rust fungus M. aecidiodes. CU, JG and AH wrote the article. All authors read 28 and approved the manuscript. 29 30 Plant Physiology Preview. Published on October 25, 2017, as DOI:10.1104/pp.17. 00842
Recursive Dynamic Modelling in Changing Operating Conditions

Changing operating condition may require updates for the dynamic models. Recursive updates are needed especially when sufficient information about the new situations is not available. In machine diagnostics and prognostics, the analysis starts from good conditions and new phenomena activated with time may considerably change the model. In biological wastewater treatment processes, the condition of the biomass drastically changes during the operation of the treatment process. Measurents based on the image analysis of the biomass condition is recently included. Recursive modelling is clearly needed in these situations. The usual approach is to modify the model equations. However, the interactions do not necessarily change if the meanings of the variables are modified. This paper keeps the model equations constant and modifies the nonlinear scaling of the variables by extending the data-driven scaling to a recursive approach. The recursive methodology is tested in two applications: machine diagnostics and wastewater treatment.
The peculiarities of communicative approach to Russian language teaching at the material of literary texts

The article suggests the approach to Russian language teaching by the material of literary texts with the orientation at speech development and formation of communicative competence. The implementation of this approach promotes the formation of orthographic and punctuation literacy, grammatical and stylistic correctness of speech, adequate communicative situation, expressive monologic speech. The specific character of Russian language teaching is determined by the requirements of modern society to the present-day pupil of the secondary school: Russian language fluency in different spheres of communication. (Starchenko G.N. The peculiarities of communicative approach to Russian language teaching at the material of literary texts. Life Sci J 2014;11(6):569-573) (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 86
Advanced algorithms of bayesian network learning and inference from inconsistent prior knowledge and sparse data with applications in computational biology and computer vision

Bayesian networks are a very general and powerful tool that can be used for a large number of problems involving uncertainty: reasoning, learning, planning and perception. They provide a language that supports efficient algorithms for the automatic construction of expert systems in several different contexts. The range of applications of Bayesian networks currently extends over almost all fields including engineering, biology and medicine, information and communication technologies and finance. This book is a collection of original contributions to the methodology and applications of Bayesian networks. It contains recent developments in the field and illustrates, on a sample of applications, the power of Bayesian networks in dealing the modeling of complex systems. Readers that are not familiar with this tool, but have some technical background, will find in this book all necessary theoretical and practical information on how to use and implement Bayesian networks in their own work. There is no doubt that this book constitutes a valuable resource for engineers, researchers, students and all those who are interested in discovering and experiencing the potential of this major tool of the century.
Model Equations for Gravity‐Capillary Waves in Deep Water

The Euler equations for water waves in any depth have been shown to have solitary wave solutions when the effect of surface tension is included. This paper proposes three quadratic model equations for these types of waves in infinite depth with a two‐dimensional fluid domain. One model is derived directly from the Euler equations. Two further simpler models are proposed, both having the full gravity‐capillary dispersion relation, but preserving exactly either a quadratic energy or a momentum. Solitary wavepacket waves are calculated for each model. Each model supports the elevation and depression waves known to exist in the Euler equations. The stability of these waves is discussed, as is the dynamics resulting from instabilities and solitary wave collisions.
Bariatric Embolization for Obesity : A New Frontier for Interventional Medicine

O besity has become a worldwide epidemic, not only in the developed world but also in developing countries.1 In fact, after the United States, China and India have the secondand third-largest obese population, respectively. Obesity leads to many comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, sleep apnea, and stroke; therefore, there is a critical need to find solutions to this widespread problem, which is responsible for one-fifth of all deaths in the United States.2 Obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2, and morbid obesity is defined as a BMI > 40 kg/m2 (candidacy for bariatric surgery). Interestingly, these definitions are different for people of Asian ethnicity (BMI > 25 kg/m2 for obesity and > 35 kg/m2 for candidacy for bariatric surgery). 3,4 Produced by cells located mostly (> 90%) in the mucosa of the fundus of the stomach, ghrelin is the only known orexigenic hormone. Gastric sleeve surgery causes a marked sustained reduction in ghrelin production (approximately 40%–50% at 5 years),5 and it is believed that this may be a contributing factor to weight loss in gastric sleeve surgery (other than the actual reduction in stomach volume). Therefore, it is logical that embolization of the fundus of the stomach could result in marked appetite suppression and, thus, weight loss. This article reviews study results of initial animal and human studies of bariatric embolization and their limitations, procedural technique, and challenges to conducting trials of gastric artery embolization (GAE) for obesity to confirm its safety and efficacy. GASTRIC ARTERY EMBOLIZATION FOR OBESITY GAE has been used since the 1970s to treat life-threatening gastric hemorrhage.6,7 This is commonly accepted as standard of care, has been life saving for thousands of patients, and yet has been safe and effective enough to be used empirically in the setting of angiographically negative life-threatening hemorrhage.8 Recent animal in porcine and canine models have shown that GAE suppresses ghrelin levels, resulting in weight loss. Arepally et al first described the technique of GAE to reduce weight gain in a controlled study. Sodium morrhuate was used in a porcine model with resultant lower ghrelin levels and significantly blunted weight gain in otherwise rapidly growing young swine.9 Paxton et al described using 40-μm microsphere particle embolization in a similar porcine model, which also resulted in decreased ghrelin levels, reduced weight gain, and no duodenal upregulation of ghrelin.10,11 Bawudun et al described a technique of left gastric embolization using a mixture of bleomycin and Lipiodol (Guerbet USA) versus polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 500to 700-μm particles in a canine model. At the end of the 8-week trial, there was significant reduction in plasma ghrelin, body weight, and subcutaneous fat without gastric ulceration (unlike the swine studies where there was ulceration). 12
Role of ING Family Genes in Head and Neck Cancer and Their Possible Applications in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

Esra Gunduz1, Mehmet Gunduz1,2,3,*, Levent Beder3, Ramazan Yigitoglu4, Bunyamin Isik5 and Noboru Yamanaka3 1Departments of Medical Genetics, 2Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 3Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 4Medical Biochemistry, 5Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fatih University, Ankara, 1,2,4,5Turkey 3Japan
YOU IS I: SINGLE-PRONOUN REVERSAL IN A UKRAINIAN-SPEAKING CHILD: A CASE STUDY *

This case study investigated one Ukrainian-speaking boy’s (MK’s) repeated uses of the 2ps personal pronoun oe (you) for self-reference over a twelve month period from 2;00 to 3;00. A brief description of the Ukrainian personal pronoun system and its obligatory and non-obligatory uses are presented. MK’s consistent reversal behavior emerges as a prolonged, atypical error within an otherwise advanced language system, which includes a significant amount of correct pronoun use. Such repeated pronoun reversal activity, characterized by the failure to perform the necessary deictic shift, it is argued, has its beginnings in imitation and is followed by “semantic confusion” (Oshima-Takane, 1992) or the child’s inability to understand the grammatical and semantic rules which govern the uses of oe (you). Social factors, such as MK’s restricted social contacts and characteristics and limitations of the input, further explain MK’s reversals. The data provide evidence for the Person-Name Hypothesis (Clark, 1978; Charney, 1979) and for the “native language effect” (Girourad, Ricard & Gouin Decarie, 1997). The choice of including oe (you) or omitting it altogether is described as a language-specific feature of MK’s reversal behavior. Finally, MK’s 2ps personal pronoun reversal is described as a mirror image of the input provided by mother. The study ends with an appeal for reversal studies of languages with various pronominal distinctions. Crosslinguistic data would shed more light on the relationship between pronominal complexity and reversal. This, in turn, would result in a more detailed and universally valid theoretical explanation of pronoun reversal.
Crucial Role of ADAMTS13 Related to Endotoxemia and Subsequent Cytokinemia in the Progression of Alcoholic Hepatitis

Excessive alcohol consumption causes a variety of liver diseases including alcoholic steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (Mandayam et al. 2004). Alcoholic steatosis is, generally, a benign lesion if the patient abstains from alcohol intake, whereas AH observed in the approximately 20% of heavy drinkers is much more serious and requires treatment with the development of hepatocellular necrosis and inflammation (Menon et al., 2001). The severe form of AH, severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH), is characterized by multiorgan failure with manifestations of acute hepatic failure and is associated with high morbidity and mortality (Haber et al., 2003; Ishii et al., 1993; Maddrey et al., 1978; Mookerjee et al., 2003; Sougioultzis, 2005). Alcohol-induced liver injury (ALD) occurs through the multiple steps involving a range from innate immune cells to the liver parenchymal cells, and out of many factors contributing to the pathogenesis of ALD gut-derived endotoxin plays a central role in the induction of steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver (Bode & Bode, 2005; Fukui et al., 1991; Mandrekar & Szabo, 2009; McClain et al, 2005; Nolan, 2010; Vidali et al., 2008). AH is a multifactorial process involving gut-derived endotoxin-induced Kupffer cell activation via hepatic reticuloendothelial dysfunction and increased intestinal permeability, and subsequent cytokine stimulation. Additional factors include ethanol metabolism to toxic products, oxidative stress, acetaldehyde adducts, nutritional impairment and impaired hepatic regeneration (Haber et al., 2003; Ishii et al., 1993, Mookerjee et al., 2003; Nath & Szabo, 2009; Nolan, 2010; Sakaguchi et al., 2011; Sougioultzis et al., 2005; Tsukamoto et al., 2009; Wu & Cederbaum, 2009). In SAH pathogenesis, endotoxemia may trigger enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine production, potentially causing a systemic inflammatory response syndrome together with microcirculatory disturbances, systemic haemodynamic derangements, and subsequent multiorgan failure (Fukui, 2005; Haber et al., 2003; Ishii et al., 1993; Mookerjee et al., 2003; Sougioultzis et al., 2005).
A discrete bernoulli free boundary problem

We consider a free boundary problem for the p-Laplace operator which is related to the so-called Bernoulli free boundary problem. In this formulation, the classical boundary gradient condition is replaced by a condition on the distance between two di erent level surfaces of the solution. For suitable scalings our model converges to the classical Bernoulli problem; one of the advantages in this new formulation lies in the simplicity of the arguments, since one does not need to consider the boundary gradient. We shall study this problem in convex and other regimes, and establish existence and qualitative theory
ONTOLOGY BASED TELE -HEALTH SMART HOME CARE SYSTEM : ONTO SMART TO MONITOR ELDERLY

The population ageing is a demographical phenomenon that will intensify in the upcoming decades, leading to an increased number of older persons that live independently. These elderly prefer to stay at home rather than going to special health care association. Thus, new telehealth smart home care systems (TSHCS) are needed in order to provide health services for older persons and to remotely monitor them. These systems help to keep patients safe and to inform their relatives and the medical staff about their status. Although various types of TSHCS already exist, they are environment dependent and scenario specific. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to propose sensors and scenarios independent flexible context aware and distributed TSHCS based on standardized e-Health ontologies and multi-agent architecture.
Achieving Perfect Causal Feedforward Control in Presence of Nonminimum-Phase Behavior - Exploiting Additional Actuators and Squaring Down

Control performance is limited by nonminimum-phase zeros, for example through the Poisson integral in feedback control and “unstable” poles in inverse model feedforward control. The aim of this paper is to exploit the additional freedom in overactuated systems to overcome these limitations. In particular, an approach for causal and exact inversion of nonminimum-phase systems is presented for application in inverse model feedforward control. The proposed method is based on the observation that non-square systems often have no invariant zeros. A squaring-down approach is employed to create a square system without nonminimum-phase zeros to enable direct inversion. The proposed approach is successfully demonstrated on a benchmark system. The method enables exact inversion for non-square systems without requiring preview.
CHANGES IN MUSCLE THICKNESS, PENNATION ANGLE AND FASCILE LENGTH WITH AGING

The influences of age on muscle architectural characteristics, i. e. , muscle thickness, pennation angle, fascicle length, were studied in 121 men and 229 women aged 17 to 85 yrs. The subjects were divided into three age groups (younger : 17-39 yrs, middle-aged : 40-59 yrs, elderly : 60-85 yrs) for both genders. Muscle thickness and pennation angle of the vastus lateralis (VL), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and long head of triceps brachii (TB) muscles were measured using B-mode ultrasonography, and fascicle length was estimated. In all age groups, men had significantly greater relative muscle thickness (to limb length) in VI, and TB than women, but not in MG. Relative muscle thickness of VL was significantly lower in elderly than in younger and middle-aged subjects. Ilowever, the corresponding differences in MG and TB were insignificant. The pennation angle of VL was significantly lower in elderly than in younger and middle-aged subjects, although there were no significant differences in pennation angles of MG and TB among the three groups. These results suggest that the decrease in thickness of vastus lateralis muscle with aging is significant, but not significant for medial gastrocnemius and triceps hrachii muscles. (Jpn. J. Phys. Fitness Sports Med. 2003, 52 Suppl :119•`126) key word : pennation, fascicle, muscle thickness, ultrasonograph
Repeatability and heritability of exploratory behaviour in great tits from the wild

We investigated whether individual great tits, Parus major, vary consistently in their exploratory behaviour in a novel environment and measured the repeatability and heritability of this trait. Wild birds were caught in their natural habitat, tested in the laboratory in an open field test on the following morning, then released at the capture site. We measured individual consistency of exploratory behaviour for recaptured individuals (repeatability) and estimated the heritability with parent–offspring regressions and sibling analyses. Measures of exploratory behaviour of individuals at repeated captures were consistent in both sexes and study areas (repeatabilities ranged from 0.27 to 0.48). Exploration scores did not differ between the sexes, and were unrelated to age, condition at fledging or condition during measurement. Heritability estimates were 0.22–0.41 (parent–offspring regressions) and 0.37–0.40 (sibling analyses). We conclude that (1) consistent individual variation in open field behaviour exists in individuals from the wild, and (2) this behavioural variation is heritable. This is one of the first studies showing heritable variation in a behavioural trait in animals from the wild, and poses the question of how this variation is maintained under natural conditions.
Oral probiotics for dentistry

Introduction The potential application of probiotics for oral health has recently attracted the attention of several teams of researchers. Although clinical studies have been conducted, the results to date could not safely suggest that probiotics could be useful in preventing and treating oral infections, including dental caries, periodontal disease and halitosis. This study aimed to review the body of knowledge relating to oral probiotics and to consider their effectiveness and selecting strains. Conclusion Different probiotic strains, if manage to be active in the mouth, would be expected to have different mechanisms of action in the oral cavity as they have different modes of action, and some of the observed effects of the probiotic bacteria were indeed strain specific. On the other hand, all of positive effects of the probiotic bacteria observed in studies were not specific for the probiotic strains but properties common to several species are even genera. In addition, previously reported probiotic properties beneficial to gut function do not necessarily correlate with probiotic activity in the oral cavity. We suggest it is also important to select newly isolated oral probiotic bacteria since the health benefits are varied among the strains.
USAF Perspective on Foundational Challenges for Enhanced Damage Sensing (Preprint)

Abstract : Structural integrity programs of the United States Air Force (USAF) include periodic inspection to detect damage before it grows to a critical size that can impact the safety of USAF systems. Current inspection methods have been used successfully to ensure the required risk metrics for these systems are being met as mandated by the relevant USAF Standards. However, there is a continual desire to improve the capability of inspection methods while increasing the efficiency and reliability of these methods. As new approaches are being explored for the enhancement of damage sensing, a number of foundational issues that represent hurdles for the application of these enhancements have been identified. This paper provides background of how damage sensing is used by the USAF and expands on identified foundational challenges that represent technical barriers to the implementation of new damage sensing methods. As the desired capability of the damage sensing methods expand from detection of damage to the characterization of damage, the degree of complexity grows and additional challenges emerge.
The stability of vector renewal equations pertaining to heterogeneous chemical reaction systems

For a class of vector renewal equations arising in the theory of spatially nonuniform chemical reaction processes, stability conditions are given in terms of the physicochemical operators D and K. In particular, we provide conditions for the stability of an initially uniform, multicomponent film bounding a planar catalytic surface, and for the asymptotic stability of a reaction system composed of a population of catalyst particles. We obtain such results by identifying a sup norm which is naturally induced from the factors that symmetrize D and/or K. Further, we exhibit conditions under which a special class of vector renewal equations has positive solutions.