Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polska jako idea polityczna w pismach Antoniego Chołoniewskiego

This article analyses political ideas of Antoni Choloniewski, a Polish journalist and writer. In his book Duch dziejow Polski (Ghost of Polish history), Choloniewski had delivered an idea of Poland as a political community based on political liberty, parliamentary government and toleration. He took for granted a pacific attitude and ability to multinational federations as elements of Polish political tradition also. According to Choloniewski, destruction of old Poland meant strengthening of autocracy and militarism in Europe, whereas reconstruction of Poland would be auxiliary for liberal-democratic order in the world. In this concept, Polish political ideas would be in line with a new global order. This political vision of Choloniewski was in discrepancy with his strong anti-Jewish attitude. Idealized tolerant Poland has fallen in a conflict with Choloniewski’s concept of real Polish interest.
Immersive Interfaces for Engagement and Learning

Immersion is the subjective impression that one is participating in a comprehensive, realistic experience. Interactive media now enable various degrees of digital immersion. The more a virtual immersive experience is based on design strategies that combine actional, symbolic, and sensory factors, the greater the participant's suspension of disbelief that she or he is “inside” a digitally enhanced setting. Studies have shown that immersion in a digital environment can enhance education in at least three ways: by allowing multiple perspectives, situated learning, and transfer. Further studies are needed on the capabilities of immersive media for learning, on the instructional designs best suited to each type of immersive medium, and on the learning strengths and preferences these media develop in users.
Multi-nodewireless fault control for overcoming sensor breakdown

Control systems with long distance sensor and actuator wiring have the problem of high system cost and increased sensor noise. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) based control systems are an alternative solution. However, WSNs based control systems also encounter problems, such as possible data loss, irregular sampling period due to the uncertainty of the wireless channel and possibility of sensor breakdown due to the increased complexity of the overall control system. In this paper, a wireless fault control system was designed and implemented to perform the vibration suppression. Embedded microcontroller based wireless control systems are different from regular computer based control systems due to their limited speed and computational power. Control algorithm designs were described to demonstrate this prototype. The positive position feedback was employed as the control law. System model based compensation was used on the multi-node wireless control system to solve the problems of data loss and sensor breakdown. Experimental results validated the proposed wireless fault control algorithm.
Toxoplasma Effectors Targeting Host Signaling and Transcription

SUMMARY Early electron microscopy studies revealed the elaborate cellular features that define the unique adaptations of apicomplexan parasites. Among these were bulbous rhoptry (ROP) organelles and small, dense granules (GRAs), both of which are secreted during invasion of host cells. These early morphological studies were followed by the exploration of the cellular contents of these secretory organelles, revealing them to be comprised of highly divergent protein families with few conserved domains or predicted functions. In parallel, studies on host-pathogen interactions identified many host signaling pathways that were mysteriously altered by infection. It was only with the advent of forward and reverse genetic strategies that the connections between individual parasite effectors and the specific host pathways that they targeted finally became clear. The current repertoire of parasite effectors includes ROP kinases and pseudokinases that are secreted during invasion and that block host immune pathways. Similarly, many secretory GRA proteins alter host gene expression by activating host transcription factors, through modification of chromatin, or by inducing small noncoding RNAs. These effectors highlight novel mechanisms by which T. gondii has learned to harness host signaling to favor intracellular survival and will guide future studies designed to uncover the additional complexity of this intricate host-pathogen interaction.
Confirmation of Coyote Predation on Adult Female White-Tailed Deer in the Southeastern United States

Abstract The recent expansion of Canis latrans (Coyote) into the eastern United States has generated interest among wildlife managers because of the potential impacts on Odocoileus virginianus (White-tailed Deer) populations. Coyotes have been reported as predators of adult and neonate White-tailed Deer in some parts of their range, but recent studies in the Southeast have documented only Coyote predation on neonates. We report 4 confirmed Coyote predation events on adult female White-tailed Deer that were radiocollared, implanted with vaginal implant transmitters, monitored every 4–8 hours, and apparently healthy. Field necropsies confirmed killing-bite wounds to the upper throat and base of the mandible, and feeding behavior on the carcasses was consistent with what has been observed for Coyotes. Further, we used swabs from bite wounds to confirm the presence of predator DNA, and the 3 carcasses that were swabbed tested positive for the presence of Coyote DNA. To our knowledge, our results represent the first scientifically documented Coyote predations on adult female White-tailed Deer in the Southeast.
Characteristics of background and evoked discharges of multireceptive neurons in lumbar spinal cord of cat.

1. Intracellular recordings were made in laminae III-V of the dorsal horn of the cat spinal cord from a group of multireceptive neurons that exhibited similar physiological properties. The background discharge contained irregular and occasional clusters of action potentials, each arising from a complex excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP); brushing elicited more frequent clusters containing more action potentials, whereas noxious heating elicited more regular firing, with action potentials arising singly. The distribution of interspike intervals (ISIs) was measured for the background and heat-evoked discharges and revealed characteristic differences in pattern between the two states. 2. Statistical tests were applied to the point process of times of occurrence of spikes within a discharge to establish stationary, to identify renewal instants, and to describe the process between renewal instants. In each case, the statistical description of the discharge was related to the physiological state of the neuron as revealed by recording of synaptic potentials and analysis of the different activating inputs. 3. Background discharge was stationary, and spikes occurred singly or occasionally in clusters. The data were therefore analyzed as a series of "bursts," where a burst could be made up of one or more spikes. Examination of the pattern of serial dependence led to the conclusion that the point process renewed itself after each burst. This, together with the distribution of the intervals between bursts, suggested that bursts were triggered by single, distinct events, which occurred randomly at a slightly and randomly varying average rate. The variation in the number of spikes in a burst suggested random variation in the strength of the physiological trigger. 4. Clusters of action potentials arising from a complex EPSP could be produced by simultaneous stimulation of a number of fast-conducting A beta fibers in the periphery and gentle mechanical stimulation, whereas stimulation of slow C fibers and noxious heat evoked discrete EPSPs from which action potentials arose singly. It was, therefore, concluded that background activity was, at least in part, the result of random activity in a randomly varying number of A beta primary afferent fibers, which could arise from operative procedures. 5. The discharge evoked by heat was stationary, and the absence of serial dependence established that the point process renewed itself after every spike and was, therefore, a simple renewal process. The distribution of the ISIs suggested that each spike was triggered by a randomly occurring physiological event. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Identifying strategies to improve patient outcomes in total hip replacement: commentary on an article by Jeffrey N. Katz, MD, MSc, et al.: ‘‘twelve-year risk of revision after primary total hip replacement in the U.S. Medicare population’’.

Total hip replacement has been shown to be a highly effective procedure for reducing pain and improving function among patients with disabling arthritis of the hip. However, the success of the procedure varies on the basis of a number of factors related to the patient (e.g., age, activity level, and comorbid conditions), the surgeon (e.g., specialty training, surgical technique, and volume of procedures performed), the hospital (e.g., implementation of standardized clinical care pathways, availability of dedicated staff, and volume of procedures performed), and the implant used (e.g., long-term survivorship). In this article, Katz et al. use administrative data to identify factors that are associated with an increased risk of revision during the first twelve years following primary total hip replacement in Medicare patients. Their analysis is elegant, placing the risk of revision total hip replacement in the context of mortality for the Medicare population. This study has several important implications, particularly regarding the relative importance of interventions that reduce the long-term risk of revision total hip replacement (e.g., enhancements in implant longevity) versus those that result in a reduction in the short-term risk of revision total hip replacement (e.g., implementation of standardized clinical care pathways). Historically, much emphasis has been placed on strategies to improve the long-term survivorship of total hip replacement implants, including evolution in bearings and implant fixation. Katz et al., however, argue that, for the …
Perception of the role of culture in the development of small cities by local governments in the context of strategic documents – a case study of Poland

Abstract It is widely accepted that the cultural sector and the creative sector have an impact on the socio-economic revival of cities. They create urban images, form a specific creative milieu, generate new jobs, and organize urban space. The above-mentioned observations have been mainly referred to the largest cities. So far, small cities have not been the subject of similar considerations. As many studies have shown in recent years, the potential of culture for socio-economic development in small cities has been noticed more and more often. It refers mainly to countries in Western Europe or in North America where generally, in the 1980s, the cultural sector was perceived as a remedy for the problems of post-industrial cities. This paper discusses the role of culture in the development of small cities in Poland, i.e. in a country in which only after 1989 is it possible to consider local development managed by local communities. The paper aims at showing how local governments of small cities in Poland perceive the role of culture in their development. The study is based on the analysis of strategic documents dedicated to the development of individual cities. When analysed, strategic documents clearly indicate that local authorities in every city use and are planning to further use different types of cultural activities for the enhancement or development of selected elements included in the broadly-understood socio-economic development; however, only few small cities notice the wide array of opportunities for making the cultural sector a base for socio-economic development.
An Investigation into Full Range Leadership and Leadership Development Methods in Public Parks and Recreation Organizations in California

ii SIGNATURE PAGE . iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . v LIST OF TABLES . x LIST OF FIGURES . xi CHAPTER I: THE RESEARCH PROBLEM . 1 Statement of Problem . 1 Background and Need for the Study . 3 Purpose of the Study . 5 Theoretical foundation . 5 Laissez-faire . 6 Management-by-exception (passive) and management-by-exception (active) . 6 Contingent reward/transactional . 6 4 I’s (Transformational) . 6 Leader development model . 8 Research Questions . 9 Limitations . 9 Significance. 10 Definition of Terms. 11 Summary . 12 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE . 14 Restatement of Problem . 14 Leadership . 14 Transformational leadership and the full range leadership model . 18 Four dimensions of transformational leaders . 20 Components of transactional leadership . 21 The full range leadership model . 22 Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire . 22 Transformational Leadership and Organizational Effectiveness . 23 Leadership Development . 24 Developmental Methods . 26 Developmental relations . 26 Yip and Wilson (2010) reported that: . 26 Developmental assignments. 27 Feedback processes . 28 Formal programs . 29 Self-development activities . 30 Today’s Parks and Recreation Organizations . 30
Long‐Term Right Ventricular Support with a Centrifugal Ventricular Assist Device Placed in the Right Atrium

This case series outlines the technique and results of right ventricular assist device (RVAD) support with the off‐label use of the centrifugal HeartWare HVAD (HeartWare Inc., Framingham, MA, USA) for long‐term support. Four patients in our institution have been implanted with BiVADs, using the Heartware device as the RVAD, and supported for between 117 days and 772 days. Three of the patients have been successfully supported for over 18 months. Three patients have successfully been transplanted and one patient remains on the device, now approaching two years of support. None of the patients have had RVAD device–related complications. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12440 (J Card Surg 2014;29:839–842)
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for aggressive multiple sclerosis – whom, when and how

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that leads to an inflammatory process resulting in demyelination and axonal degeneration. The most common form of MS is the relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) characterized by the presence of numerous relapses. After few years of disease course, 90% of those patients eventually develop a secondary progressive form. About 10% of patients may suffer from a slowly progressive MS form – the primary progressive. The current treatment of RRMS includes immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive agents, which are effective, but usually in earlier and more benign forms. The immunomodulatory treatment has limited efficacy in aggressive forms of RRMS, and relapses occur despite treatment continuation. AHSCT should be considered as a therapeutic approach for patients with aggressive relapsing-remitting and aggressive progressive MS who failed conventional therapy. The mechanism of action of AHSCT for MS results from resetting the aberrant patient's immune system and eliminating the autoreactive T-lymphocytes. AHSCT can serve as an effective and safe procedure only when strict neurological eligibility criteria are adhered. The procedure should be performed in highly specialized hematological centers. The aim of our paper is to summarize the current eligibility criteria for AHSCT in MS patients as well as to present data on efficacy and safety of this approach.
Relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and pain in two American Indian tribes.

OBJECTIVES To estimate the association of lifetime post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and pain in American Indians, and determine if tribe, sex, cultural and psychosocial factors, or major depression influence the magnitude of this association. DESIGN A cross-sectional probability sample survey completed between 1997 and 2000. A structured interview was conducted by trained, tribal members to gather information on demographic and cultural features, physical health status, psychiatric disorders, and functional status. SETTING General community. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3,084 individuals randomly selected from the tribal rolls of a Southwestern (N = 1,446) and a Northern Plains (N = 1,638) tribal group who were 15-54 years of age and lived on or within 20 miles of their reservations. OUTCOME MEASURES Bodily pain subscale of the Short Form-36. Linear regression models were fit to examine the association between lifetime PTSD and pain, adjusting for demographic, cultural, psychosocial features, painful medical conditions, and major depression. RESULTS The prevalence of lifetime PTSD was 16% in the Southwestern and 14% in the Northern Plains; women were nearly twice as likely as men to have lifetime PTSD in both tribes. The final adjusted model demonstrated that mean Short Form-36 bodily pain subscale scores were lower (indicating more pain) among individuals with lifetime PTSD than those without lifetime PTSD. Effect modification by tribe, sex, and depression was not observed. CONCLUSIONS Lifetime PTSD was strongly associated with bodily pain in this rural sample of American Indians. Clinicians should be aware of, and address, the link between physical pain syndromes and PTSD.
Multi-objective surgery scheduling integrating surgeon constraints

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to generate a daily operating theater schedule aiming to minimize completion time and maximum overtime while integrating real-life surgeon constraints, such as their role, specialty, qualification and availability.Design/methodology/approachThe paper deals with complete surgery process using multi-objective surgery scheduling approach. Furthermore, the combinatorial nature of the studied problem does not allow to solve it to optimality. Therefore, the authors developed two approaches embedded in a tabu search metaheuristic, namely, weighted sum and e-constraint, to minimize completion time and maximum overtime.FindingsThe integration of the upstream and downstream services of an intervention and the consideration of the specific constraints related to surgeons are very essential to obtaining more closed schedules to the realty.Practical implicationsThe paper includes implications for the development of efficient schedules for a significant number of operations coming from different specialties throughout its complete surgery process under multi-resource constraints.Social implicationsThe paper can help hospital managers and decision makers to well manage the budget by minimizing the overtime cost and by offering efficient daily operating theater schedule.Originality/valueThe results of the paper will help hospital managers and decision makers to well manage the budget by minimizing the overtime cost and offering efficient daily operating theater schedule.
Gender comparisons of cognitive performances among vascular dementia, Alzheimer disease, and older adults without dementia.

BACKGROUND We hypothesized that women with Alzheimer disease (AD) would perform worse on a test of semantic memory but not on tests of other cognitive domains. We did not expect that women without dementia would perform more poorly than men without dementia on the same task. OBJECTIVE To explore the specificity of a semantic memory deficit among women with AD by exploring gender differences among a group of subjects with vascular dementia (VD). DESIGN A case-control study in which differences between men and women were explored using regression models to control for the potentially confounding effects of age, education, duration of dementia, and severity of dementia. SETTING Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Consortium of Los Angeles and Orange Counties, California. SUBJECTS Volunteers, recruited from the community or clinic referrals, who met clinical criteria for AD (n = 159) or VD (n = 117) or met criteria for control status without dementia (n = 134). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Five neuropsychological measures, commonly used in the diagnosis and assessment of dementia. RESULTS Women with VD scored lower than men with VD on 3 tests. However, when controlling for potential confounds, the gender difference was maintained only for the semantic memory task. Women with AD showed a strong trend to perform worse than men with AD on the test of semantic memory only. No gender differences were found among subjects without dementia. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the existence of a semantic memory deficit for women with AD and suggest that a similar deficit may exist among women with VD.
The Clp1p/Flp1p phosphatase ensures completion of cytokinesis in response to minor perturbation of the cell division machinery in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Fission yeast mutants defective in actomyosin ring formation and function exhibit a prolonged G2 delay following cytokinesis failure. This G2 delay depends on the SIN, a signaling network essential for cytokinesis, and the non-essential Cdc14p family phosphatase, Clp1p/Flp1p and has been proposed to signify a cytokinesis checkpoint mechanism. However, the physiological relevance of this proposed Clp1p/Flp1p-dependent checkpoint is unclear because all previous studies were carried out using mutations in essential actomyosin ring components under fully restrictive conditions and thus these cells would have died regardless of the presence of the checkpoint. Here we show that delays in cytokinesis caused by minor perturbations to different components of the cytokinetic machinery, which normally cause only mild defects, become lethal when Clp1p/Flp1p is inactivated. In addition, we show that Clp1p/Flp1p does not function simply to inhibit further rounds of nuclear division, but also allows damaged actomyosin rings to be maintained to facilitate completion of cell division. Ectopic activation of the SIN significantly bypasses the requirement of Clp1p/Flp1p for G2 delay as well as for completion of cytokinesis. We conclude that the Clp1p/Flp1p-dependent cytokinesis checkpoint provides a previously unrecognized cell survival advantage when the cell division apparatus is mildly perturbed.
Reproducibility of Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging for the Measurement of Abdominal Muscle Activity: A Systematic Review

Background: Rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) measures of abdominal wall muscles are used to indirectly measure muscle activity. These measures are used to identify suitable patients and to monitor progress of motor control exercise treatment of people with low back pain. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to systematically review reproducibility studies of RUSI for measuring thickness of abdominal wall muscles. Data Sources: Eligible studies were identified via searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL. The authors also searched personal files and tracked references of the retrieved studies via the Web of Science Index. Study Selection: Studies involving any type of reliability and or agreement of any type of ultrasound measurements (B or M mode) for any of the abdominal wall muscles were selected. Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed methodological quality. Data Synthesis: Due to heterogeneity of the studies’ designs, pooling the data for a meta-analysis was not possible. Twenty-one studies were included, and these studies were typically of low quality and studied subjects who were healthy rather than people seeking care for low back pain. The studies reported good to excellent reliability for single measures of thickness and poor to good reliability for measures of thickness change (reflecting the muscle activity). Interestingly, no studies checked reliability of measures of the difference in thickness changes over time (representing improvement or deterioration in muscle activity). Conclusions: The current evidence of the reproducibility of RUSI for measuring abdominal muscle activity is based mainly on studies with suboptimal designs and the study of people who were healthy. The critical question of whether RUSI provides reliable measures of improvement in abdominal muscle activity remains to be evaluated.