Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preferential species-restricted heavy/light chain pairing in rat/mouse quadromas. Implications for a single-step purification of bispecific antibodies.

Conventional mouse/mouse or rat/rat hybrid-hybridoma supernatants contain up to 10 different IgG molecules consisting of various combinations of heavy and light chains. Hence, the yield of functional bispecific Ab is low, and purification is often complicated, hampering a general preclinical evaluation of, e.g., bispecific Ab-mediated tumor immunotherapy in animal models. In experiments to overcome this drawback we found that fusion of rat with mouse hybridomas opens the possibility of large scale production of bispecific Ab due to the increased incidence of correctly paired Ab and facilitated purification. In essence, rat/mouse quadroma-derived bispecific Ab have the following advantages: 1) enrichment of functional bispecific Ab because of preferential species-restricted heavy/light chain pairing (observed in four of four rat-mouse quadromas) in contrast to the random pairing in conventional mouse/mouse or rat/rat quadromas, and 2) a possible one-step purification of the quadroma supernatant with protein A. This simple chromatography step does not bind unwanted variants with parental rat/rat heavy chain configuration, and the desired rat/mouse bispecific Ab are retained, which can then easily be separated from parental mouse Ab by sequential pH elution.
An ontology based approach for exploring knowledge in networking domain

Ontologies were applied to impart knowledge in different fields and in this regard many Ontologies were built on domains like medicine Mathematics, physics etc. The Ontologies in the domain of computer Science & Engineering is very limited. The Ontologies related to a domain provide shared and common understanding and include mainly concepts in domain and relationship among the concepts. In this paper, we have proposed an Ontology-based approach for networking domain related courses on different perspectives like Security, Performance, and communication. The knowledge in the field of Networking is huge and dispersed which makes it difficult for humans to expertise it. The Ontologies were developed using Protege tool in OWL format that can be easily integrated with any other Ontology in Computer science & Engineering. This networking Ontology can be employed in recommender systems to help users to recommend Courses related to networking domain. Identifying the learner's needs and area of interest and then suggesting the courses can make it possible to suggest an appropriate course to a learner. Finally, a framework, which will use this ontology as knowledge base has been proposed.
Human Toll‐like receptor‐dependent induction of interferons in protective immunity to viruses

Summary: Five of the 10 human Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) (TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9), and four of the 12 mouse TLRs (TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, TLR9) can trigger interferon (IFN)‐α, IFN‐β, and IFN‐λ, which are critical for antiviral immunity. Moreover, TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 differ from TLR4 in two particularly important ways for antiviral immunity: they can be activated by nucleic acid agonists mimicking compounds produced during the viral cycle, and they are typically present within the cell, along the endocytic pathway, where they sense viral products in the intraluminal space. Investigations in mice have demonstrated that the TLR7/9–IFN and TLR3–IFN pathways are different and critical for protective immunity to various experimental viral infections. Investigations in humans with interleukin‐1 receptor‐associated kinase‐4 (IRAK‐4) deficiency (unresponsive to TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9), UNC‐93B deficiency (unresponsive to TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9), and TLR3 deficiency have recently shed light on the role of these two pathways in antiviral immunity in natural conditions. UNC‐93B‐ and TLR3‐deficient patients appear to be specifically prone to herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV‐1) encephalitis, although clinical penetrance is incomplete, whereas IRAK‐4‐deficient patients appear to be normally resistant to most viruses, including HSV‐1. These experiments of nature suggest that the TLR7‐, TLR8‐, and TLR9‐dependent induction of IFN‐α, IFN‐β, and IFN‐λ is largely redundant in human antiviral immunity, whereas the TLR3‐dependent induction of IFN‐α, IFN‐β, and IFN‐λ is critical for primary immunity to HSV‐1 in the central nervous system in children but redundant for immunity to most other viral infections.
The New PSA Peugeot-Citroen Advanced Driving Simulator Overall Design and Motion Cue Algorithm

This paper describes how the realistic restitution of longitudinal and lateral acceleration significantly improves realism during a driving simulation. That is the reason why PSA Peugeot-Citroen has decided to build a simulator with a large motion base. This paper presents a technical description of this new driving simulator, which will be operational in September 2007. The motion base consists of a 10m by 6m XY-table topped with an hexapod. On the hexapod, a composite dome houses the vehicle cab. This dome can be rotated 90°, allowing the use of the longer stroke either for lateral or longitudinal acceleration restitution. The dome structure and the vehicle cab are optimized to reduce weight and vibrations. An emphasis has been also put on acoustic and visual immersion of the driver, in order to allow use of cab tilting without any drawback. The motion cue algorithm combines a classical tilt-coordination filtering approach with pre-positioning under perception thresholds and a lane position algorithm. Road database data are used to progressively switch between these three contributions and thus provide the driver with the best possible lateral motion cues depending on the occurring situation: straight line, curve etc. Simulation results showing acceleration cues generated in different cases, are presented and discussed.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PROSTHETIC COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH IMPLANT SUPPORTED OVER-DENTURE

Background: The use of implants to treat edentulous jaws has become a well-established and accepted contemporary clinical method. Interest in the use of implants for fully or partially edentulous patients has increased. Aim: To evaluate the prosthetic complications experienced by implant supported over-denture patients. Materials and method: The present study was conducted in the department of prosthodontics of the dental institution. For the study, selection of edentulous patients rehabilitated using implant denture by the department was done. A total of 29 patients with 40 dentures participated in the study, of which 23 were mandibular and 17 were maxillary. 15 patients out of 40 were males and 14 patients were females. The mean age of the patients was 66.32 years, ranging from 4888 years. Results: A total of 29 patients participated in the study. 40 implant supported dentures, 23 mandibular and 17 maxillary were given to these patients. Maximum no of patients were observed in age-group of 70-79 years. Based on sex of patients, 15 were males and 14 were females. The results were statistically significant with p value less than 0.05. The most common complication observed was denture fracture in fully edentulous dentures, followed by artificial tooth fracture. Conclusion: Fewer complications are observed by patients with partially edentulous patients. Also, most common prosthetic complication observed was denture fracture followed by artificial tooth fracture.
Managing Organizational Knowledge in the Age of Social Computing

Technology, since the days of the Industrial Revolution, has been used by large corporations, such as factories and the railways, to great advantage. Starting around the end of the 19th century, technology began to be used directly by the consumer, but remained essentially a means of satisfying a personal need, such as lighting or listening to music. In the past decade, as technologies such as e-mail, Web, Weblogs (blogs), Wikis, and instant messaging have become pervasive, the way technology is used by individuals has changed—it has increasingly been put to use to meet social needs, such as interaction, sharing, and networking. This new paradigm of technology use, and the technologies that have enabled it, may be termed social computing. By its very nature, social computing facilitates the sharing and leveraging of knowledge residing within a community of people. In this article, we discuss how social computing can act as the primary mechanism that enables the management of knowledge within an organization.
GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN FEMALE PREFERENCES FOR MALE TRAITS IN POECILIA RETICULATA

We examined the preferences of female guppies (Poecilia reticulata) from 11 localities in Trinidad with respect to male color‐pattern elements, body shape and size, and overall color and brightness contrast. Females are on average more attracted to males from their own population than from alien populations, and populations appear to vary in the criteria used in female choice. Multiple‐regression analysis suggests that mate‐preference criteria vary among localities in intensity, sign, and the number of traits used. Although preference estimators and color‐pattern parameters are unique to each population, only orange, black, and color contrast showed a correlation between degree of male trait and degree of preference for that trait. There is a clear effect of water color and a possible effect of predation intensity. The results are discussed in light of various models of sexual selection and the early stages of speciation.
New positive realness conditions for uncertain discrete descriptor systems: analysis and synthesis

This paper deals with the problems of positive real (PR) analysis and PR control for uncertain discrete-time descriptor systems. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be time-invariant norm bounded and appear in both the state and input matrices. A new necessary and sufficient condition for a discrete-time descriptor system to be regular, causal, stable and extended strictly PR (ESPR) is proposed in terms of a strict linear matrix inequality. Based on this, the concepts of strong robust admissibility with ESPR and strong robust admissibilizability with ESPR were introduced. Without any additional assumptions on the system matrices, necessary and sufficient conditions for strong robust admissibility with ESPR and strong robust admissibilizability with ESPR are obtained. Through these results, the problems of PR analysis and PR control are solved. Furthermore, an explicit expression of a desired state feedback controller is also given, which involves no decomposition of the system matrices.
Altered glycan-dependent signaling induces insulin resistance and hyperleptinemia

Insulin resistance and β cell toxicity are key features of type 2 diabetes. One leading hypothesis suggests that these abnormalities result from excessive flux of nutrients through the UDP–hexosamine biosynthetic pathway leading to “glucose toxicity. ” How the products of the hexosamine pathway mediate these effects is not known. Here, we show that transgenic overexpression of an enzyme using UDP-GlcNAc to modify proteins with O-GlcNAc produces the type 2 diabetic phenotype. Even modest overexpression of an isoform of O-GlcNAc transferase, in muscle and fat, leads to insulin resistance and hyperleptinemia. These data support the proposal that O-linked GlcNAc transferase participates in a hexosamine-dependent signaling pathway that is linked to insulin resistance and leptin production.
The identification of alcohol dependence criteria in the general population.

AIMS To assess the criteria used to identify alcohol dependence in the general population. DESIGN AND SETTING Two independent probability surveys of the US household population 18 years of age and older were analyzed: the 1994 National Telephone Survey (NTS-94), which interviewed 637 respondents, and the 1988 National Household Interview Survey (NHIS-88) which interviewed 43,809 respondents in their homes. PARTICIPANTS The analyses of the NHIS-88 dataset focused on drinkers who consumed at least 12 drinks of alcohol in the 12 months prior to the survey interview (N = 22,102). The analyses of the NTS-94 dataset focused on drinkers who consumed at least one drink in the 12 months prior to the survey interview (N = 637). MEASUREMENTS Criteria for DSM-IV alcohol dependence were operationalized using 15 items from a standardized questionnaire. FINDINGS Analyses suggested that normal drinking behavior can be misidentified as dependence criteria. Results for men who drank up to two drinks per day suggest that if the dependence criteria were invalid, reductions in the prevalence of specific indicators of alcohol dependence would range from 0.3% to 5.2%. Correcting for the misidentification of alcohol dependence diagnosis would reduce the overall prevalence of alcohol dependence by 0.5%. Up to 7% of the men could have been diagnosed as alcohol-dependent and could have provided invalid reports. CONCLUSIONS The identification of alcohol dependence in general population samples must include careful probing of the nature of drinking-related behavior reported by respondents. This will decrease misidentification of dependence criteria, increasing the validity of dependence diagnosis in survey research.
Hydrolysis of plant cuticle by plant pathogens. Purification, amino acid composition, and molecular weight of two isozymes of cutinase and a nonspecific esterase from Fusarium solani f. pisi.

The extracellular fluid of the plant pathogen, Fusarium solani f. pisi, grown on the plant cuticular polymer, cutin, was shown to contain cutinase and p-nitrophenyl palmitate hydrolase activities (R.E. Purdy and P.E. Kolattukudy (1973), Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 159, 61). From this extracellular fluid two isozymes of cutinase and a nonspecific esterase (p-nitrophenyl palmitate hydrolase) were isolated using Sephedex G-100 gel filtration, QAE-Sephadex chromatography, and SE-Sephedex chromatography. Phenolics contained in the extracellular fluid were found to be associated with the cutinase but not with the nonspecific esterase, and the phenolic materials were removed from cutinase at the QAE-Sephedex step. A 34-fold purification of the nonspecific esterase and a 6.5-fold purification of cutinase were achieved by the procedure described. The two isozymes of cutinase (I and II) and the nonspecific esterase were homogeneous as judged by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis and sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation. Molecular weights of cutinase I, cutinase II, and the nonspecific esterase were determined by Sephedex G-100 gel filtration, sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation, amino acid composition, and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The values obtained with these techniques agreed with each other and were about 22,000 for both cutinases and 52,000 for the nonspecific esterase. The dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis indicated that a small portion of cutinase II contained proteolylic clips, near the middle of the polypeptide chain, and that the nonspecific esterase might also have undergone some proteolylic modification. The amino acid composition of cutinase I was similar to that of cutinase II except for the presence of a larger number of tryptophan residues in the latter, while the amino acid composition of the nonspecific esterase showed more differences from that of either cutinase.
Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Human CD4+ T Cells by Microbial HSP70 and the Peptide Epitope 407-426

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virions contain heat shock proteins (HSP), but these proteins have received limited attention. The objectives of this study were to establish if the microbial 70-kDa HSP exerts an inhibitory effect on the HIV-1 infection of human CD4+ T cells, to identify an inhibitory peptide epitope within the sequence of HSP70, and to evaluate the kinetic features of any inhibitory activity. The results of these studies suggest that microbial HSP70 exerts dose-dependent inhibition on CCR5 (R5) strains of clades B, C, and D of HIV-1 infecting human CD4+ T cells. The site of the HIV-1-inhibitory function was identified within the C-terminal peptide binding domain of HSP70, and the function is expressed by the peptide epitope comprising amino acids 407 to 426. The mechanism of inhibition of HIV-1 infectivity by HSP70 is blocking of the CCR5 coreceptors directly and indirectly by inducing CC chemokines and APOBEC3G. The inhibitory effect of HSP70, its C-terminal fragment, or peptide 407-426 may make HSP70 useful as a microbicidal agent. A potentiating noncognate inhibition of HIV-1 infectivity by combined treatment with HSP70 and monoclonal or polyclonal antibody to CCR5 was demonstrated. This novel strategy may be utilized in therapeutic immunization against HIV-1 infection.
Topographic organization of corticospinal projections from the frontal lobe: motor areas on the lateral surface of the hemisphere

We examined the topographic organization of corticospinal neurons in the primary motor cortex and in the two premotor areas on the lateral surface of the hemisphere [i.e., the dorsal premotor area (PMd) and the ventral premotor area (PMv)]. In two macaques, we labeled corticospinal neurons that project beyond T7 or S2 by placing crystals of HRP into the dorsolateral funiculus at these segmental levels. In another seven macaques, we labeled corticospinal neurons that project to specific segmental levels of the spinal cord by injecting the fluorescent tracers fast blue and diamidino yellow into the gray matter of the cervical and lumbosacral segments. In one set of experiments (n = 2), we defined the representations of the arm and leg in each cortical motor area by injecting one of the two fluorescent tracers into lower cervical segments (C7-T1) and the other fluorescent tracer into lower lumbosacral segments (L6-S1) of the same animal. In another set of experiments (n = 5), we defined the representations of distal and proximal parts of the forelimb in each cortical motor area by injecting one of the two fluorescent tracers into lower cervical segments (C7-T1) and the other tracer into upper cervical segments (C2-C4) of the same animal. In the primary motor cortex and the PMd, cortical regions that project to lower cervical segments were largely separate from those that project to lower lumbosacral segments. In the PMv, few neurons were labeled after tracer injections into lower cervical segments or lower lumbosacral segments. However, corticospinal neurons were labeled in the PMv after tracer injections into upper cervical segments and after HRP placement in the dorsolateral funiculus at T7. The region of the PMv that projects to upper cervical segments was separate from that which projects below T7. Cortical regions that project to upper and lower cervical segments of the spinal cord overlapped considerably in the primary motor cortex and in the PMd. Despite this overlap, we found that the regions of the primary motor cortex and PMd that project most densely to upper cervical segments were largely separate from those that project most densely to lower cervical segments. Furthermore, we found two separate regions within area 4 that send corticospinal projections primarily to the lower cervical segments. One of these regions was located within the classical “hand” area of the primary motor cortex. The other was located at the medial edge of arm representation in the primary motor cortex. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Improved left ventricular relaxation during short-term right ventricular outflow tract compared to apical pacing.

STUDY OBJECTIVES Pacing-induced asynchrony may deteriorate left ventricular function; however, limited data exists in humans. The aim of our study was to compare left ventricular hemodynamics during short-term atrioventricular sequential pacing from the right ventricular apex and from the outflow tract of the right ventricle. DESIGN Three 5-min pacing intervals were applied in a random order, at a rate of 15 beats/min above the resting sinus rate. Atrioventricular sequential pacing from the two sites was compared with atrial pacing. During each pacing mode, left ventricular pressure was recorded, and cardiac output was calculated using Doppler echocardiography. SETTING Cardiac catheterization laboratory. PATIENTS Twenty patients (18 male, mean age 62 +/- 11 years) without structural heart disease were studied. RESULTS During atrial pacing, maximum negative first derivative of pressure (dp/dt) was 1,535 +/- 228 mm Hg/s; during pacing from the apex it decreased to 1,221 +/- 294 mm Hg/s (p = 0.0001), but was not significantly different during pacing from the outflow tract (1,431 +/- 435 mm Hg/s, p > 0.05). Isovolumic relaxation time constant (tau) during atrial pacing was 39.7 +/- 11.9 ms; during pacing from the apex, it increased to 47.9 +/- 14.0 (p = 0.001), but was not significantly different during pacing from the outflow tract (42.5 +/- 11.2, p > 0.05). Peak systolic pressure decreased significantly during atrioventricular sequential pacing from either site; however, it did not differ between the two sites. No differences in end-diastolic pressure, maximum positive dp/dt, or cardiac output could be demonstrated. CONCLUSION In patients with no structural heart disease, short-term right ventricular outflow tract pacing is associated with more favorable diastolic function, compared to right ventricular apical pacing.
An Impact of Social Media and Online Travel Information Search in Vietnam

An Impact of Social Media and Online Travel Information Search in Vietnam Abstract Social media is increasingly prevalent among and beneficial for travelers. A large percentage of travelers use search engines when it comes to making travel-related decisions. In addition, social media websites which appear on the search results are becoming preferable information sources to travelers. In Vietnam, numerous customers (83%) use search engines before making ground travel purchase decisions and over one fifth of the population, which is equivalent to 19.6 million, is currently Facebook users. Therefore, the goal of this research is to investigate the role of social media presented by a search engine within Vietnam trip planning context. The research employs a set of selected searching keywords together with ten Vietnam urban destination names in order to unveil the information searching for travel planning. The findings show to some extent that social media websites can help display searching results, and how certain types of social media websites are distributed across the result pages in online tourism domains. Implications for online marketers targeting Vietnamese audience are also mentioned.
Interpenetrated Gel Polymer Binder for High‐Performance Silicon Anodes in Lithium‐ion Batteries

Silicon has attracted ever‐increasing attention as a high‐capacity anode material in Li‐ion batteries owing to its extremely high theoretical capacity. However, practical application of silicon anodes is seriously hindered by its fast capacity fading as a result of huge volume changes during the charge/discharge process. Here, an interpenetrated gel polymer binder for high‐performance silicon anodes is created through in‐situ crosslinking of water‐soluble poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) precursors. This gel polymer binder with deformable polymer network and strong adhesion on silicon particles can effectively accommodate the large volume change of silicon anodes upon lithiation/delithiation, leading to an excellent cycling stability and high Coulombic efficiency even at high current densities. Moreover, high areal capacity of ∼4.3 mAh/cm2 is achieved based on the silicon anode using the gel PAA–PVA polymer binder with a high mass loading. In view of simplicity in using the water soluble gel polymer binder, it is believed that this novel binder has a great potential to be used for high capacity silicon anodes in next generation Li‐ion batteries, as well as for other electrode materials with large volume change during cycling.