Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Celebrities and suicide: a taxonomy and analysis, 1948-1983.

Research on the impact of suicide stories in the media on imitative suicides has been marked by poor theory and undifferentiated indexes. This study focuses on celebrity suicides. It uses a taxonomy of celebrities based on Tarde's laws of imitation and Pareto's concept of elite. Propositions are drawn from differential identification theory, using mass cultural values and beliefs as points of identification. The imitation effect holds only for American entertainers and political celebrities, not for artists, villains, and the economic elite. The amount of publicity given to suicides was positively related to the monthly incidence of suicide, but problems common to the celebrities and the suicidal population (divorce, physical illness, and poor mental health) were not. An interactive model in which the impact of a suicide story is mediated by the suicidogenic mood of the media audience did not improve on the simple additive model. Age, gender, and race-specific suicide rates tended to support identification theory.
Electricity and combined heat and power from municipal solid waste; theoretically optimal investment decision time and emissions trading implications

Waste management has become a great social concern for modern societies. Landfill emissions have been identified among the major contributors of global warming and climate changes with significant impact in national economies. The energy industry constitutes an additional greenhouse gas emitter, while at the same time it is characterized by significant costs and uncertain fuel prices. The above implications have triggered different policies and measures worldwide to address the management of municipal solid wastes on the one hand and the impacts from energy production on the other. Emerging methods of energy recovery from waste may address both concerns simultaneously. In this work a comparative study of co-generation investments based on municipal solid waste is presented, focusing on the evolution of their economical performance over time. A real-options algorithm has been adopted investigating different options of energy recovery from waste: incineration, gasification and landfill biogas exploitation. The financial contributors are identified and the impact of greenhouse gas trading is analysed in terms of financial yields, considering landfilling as the baseline scenario. The results indicate an advantage of combined heat and power over solely electricity production. Gasification, has failed in some European installations. Incineration on the other hand, proves to be more attractive than the competing alternatives, mainly due to its higher power production efficiency, lower investment costs and lower emission rates. Although these characteristics may not drastically change over time, either immediate or irreversible investment decisions might be reconsidered under the current selling prices of heat, power and CO 2 allowances.
The potassium permeability of a giant nerve fibre

The experiments described in the preceding paper (Hodgkin & Keynes, 1955) show that metabolic inhibitors like dinitrophenol and cyanide produce large changes in the relative magnitude of the fluxes of potassium moving inwards and outwards across the membranes of giant axons from Sepia officinalis. For normal fibres recovering from stimulation the influx is 15-30 pmole/cm2 sec, while the efflux is 20-40 pmole/cm2 sec. On poisoning with dinitrophenol, which virtually abolishes the sodium efflux, the potassium influx is reduced to 2-3 pmole/cm2 sec, while the efflux remains the same or is slightly increased. These facts may be explained by supposing that in normal fibres there is, in addition to the passive potassium movements seen by themselves in poisoned fibres, an activeuptake ofpotassium, coupled to the extrusion ofsodium, and amounting to about 20 pmole/cm2 sec. This hypothesis is attractive in that it provides a reasonable explanation ofthe further observation that the sodium efflux drops by some 20 pmole/cm2 sec when external potassium is removed, but it raises one serious difficulty which needs to be resolved. According to the equation derived by Ussing (1949b) for independent passive transport of ions, the influx (Mi) and the efflux (M0) of a monovalent cation such as potassium should be related in the following way:
Propagating calcium spikes in an axon of Aplysia.

1. Intracellular recordings were obtained from the axon of the giant neurone R2 of Aplysia in order to study the ionic dependency of action potentials. 2. The overshoot potential of the axon spike increases with Na concentration in the manner predicted for a Na electrode. The maximum rate of rise (Vm) is linearly related to Na concentration. The overshoot potential is insensitive to Ca concentration at Na concentrations as low as 250 mM. 3. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) or replacement of Na with Tris abolishes action potentials in the axon but not soma of R2. Addition of 4‐aminopyridine to a Na‐free solution permits axon spikes to be generated. These action potentials are blocked by 30 mM‐Co2+, but not by TTX. The overshoot potential and Vm of these action potentials increase monotonically with Ca concentration. 4. Axonal action potentials can be generated when an equimolar concentration of Sr is substituted for all of the Ca and Mg in Na‐free medium. These action potentials are abolished by 30 mM‐Ca2+ or mM‐Co2+, and increase with Sr concentration. 5. TTX‐resistant Ba spikes can similarly be elicited in R2 axon. These action potentials are reduced by Ca, Co, or Cd, and enhanced by raising the Ba concentration. 6. The Vm of Na spikes in the absence of Ca is greater in the axon than in the soma of R2, whereas the Vm of divalent spikes is greater in the soma. 7. During repetitive stimulation the axon spikes incrase in duration. This broadening is inhibited by replacing Ca in the bath with Mn or by the addition of 30 mM‐CoCl2, and is enhanced by raising the Ca concentration by 30 mM. 8. The action potention of R2 axon has a mixed Na/Ca dependency. The density of Ca current may be greater in the some than in the axon of this cell.
The Date-Time Vocabulary

The Date-Time Vocabulary is a new OMG specification that models continuous time, discrete time, the relationship of events and situations to time, language tense and aspect, time indexicals, timetables, and schedules. It offers a "business vocabulary" (i.e., a linguistically-oriented ontology), intended for application by business rules for any business domain. The vocabulary is defined in SBVR, in UML + OCL, and partially in Common Logic and in OWL.
Network Storage: Tools and Technologies for Storing Your Company’s Data

Network Storage: Tools and Technologies for Storing Your Company's Data explains the changes occurring in storage, what they mean, and how to negotiate the minefields of conflicting technologies that litter the storage arena, all in an effort to help IT managers create a solid foundation for coming decades. The book begins with an overview of the current state of storage and its evolution from the network perspective, looking closely at the different protocols and connection schemes and how they differentiate in use case and operational behavior. The book explores the software changes that are motivating this evolution, ranging from data management, to in-stream processing and storage in virtual systems, and changes in the decades-old OS stack. It explores Software-Defined Storage as a way to construct storage networks, the impact of Big Data, high-performance computing, and the cloud on storage networking. As networks and data integrity are intertwined, the book looks at how data is split up and moved to the various appliances holding that dataset and its impact. Because data security is often neglected, users will find a comprehensive discussion on security issues that offers remedies that can be applied. The book concludes with a look at technologies on the horizon that will impact storage and its networks, such as NVDIMMs, The Hybrid Memory Cube, VSANs, and NAND Killers. Puts all the new developments in storage networking in a clear perspective for near-term and long-term planning Offers a complete overview of storage networking, serving as a go-to resource for creating a coherent implementation plan Provides the details needed to understand the area, and clears a path through the confusion and hype that surrounds such a radical revolution of the industry
Visual speech synthesis by learning joint probabilistic models of audio and video

Visual speech synthesis deals with synthesising facial animation from an audio representation of speech. In the last decade or so, data-driven approaches have gained prominence with the development of Machine Learning techniques that can learn an audio-visual mapping. Many of these Machine Learning approaches learn a generative model of speech production using the framework of probabilistic graphical models, through which efficient inference algorithms can be developed for synthesis.In this work, the audio and visual parameters are assumed to be generated from an underlying latent space that captures the shared information between the two modalities. These latent points evolve through time according to a dynamical mapping and there are mappings from the latent points to the audio and visual spaces respectively. The mappings are modelled using Gaussian processes, which are non-parametric models that can represent a distribution over non-linear functions. The result is a non-linear state-space model. It turns out that the state-space model is not a very accurate generative model of speech production because it assumes a single dynamical model, whereas it is well known that speech involves multiple dynamics (for e.g. different syllables) that are generally non-linear. In order to cater for this, the state-space model can be augmented with switching states to represent the multiple dynamics, thus giving a switching state-space model. A key problem is how to infer the switching states so as to model the multiple non-linear dynamics of speech, which we address by learning a variable-order Markov model on a discrete representation of audio speech. Various synthesis methods for predicting visual from audio speech are proposed for both the state-space and switching state-space models.Quantitative evaluation, involving the use of error and correlation metrics between ground truth and synthetic features, is used to evaluate our proposed method in comparison to other probabilistic models previously applied to the problem. Furthermore, qualitative evaluation with human participants has been conducted to evaluate the realism, perceptual characteristics and intelligibility of the synthesised animations. The results are encouraging and demonstrate that by having a joint probabilistic model of audio and visual speech that caters for the non-linearities in audio-visual mapping, realistic visual speech can be synthesised from audio speech.
[Future prospects for children with spina bifida aperta].

OBJECTIVE To determine the prospects for independent functioning in society of children born with meningomyelocele who are receiving maximal treatment. DESIGN Retrospective descriptive. SETTING University Hospital Groningen, the Netherlands. METHODS Data were collected in 1994 regarding personal care, mobility, education, living conditions and employment of 163 patients alive and born in 1966-1990. They were divided into three groups according to their age, corresponding to the primary school period (n = 47), secondary school period (n = 37) and subsequent education or employment period (n = 79). All data were related to the level of the neurological lesion. RESULTS A higher level of the neurological deficit corresponded with a lower probability of functioning independently in society. This was mainly caused by the concomitant mental handicap that occurs frequently in children with a high neurological deficit. Nine out of 46 adult patients with a deficit higher than LIII were living independently. Eleven of these 46 patients were (or had been) capable of attending regular education, and 7 of these 11 patients had a regular job. CONCLUSION The prospects of children born with a meningomyelocele of reaching independence are relatively poor, depending on the level of neurological deficit.
Progesterone derivatives that bind to the digitalis receptor: effects on Na+,K+-ATPase and isolated tissues.

The steroid nature of the cardiac glycosides (CG) suggests that an endogenous steroid (or steroids) may be the natural ligand for the specific receptor site, i.e., Na+,K+-ATPase. Derivatives of progesterone (PROG) that compete in a [3H]ouabain radioreceptor binding assay (RRA) are characterized by 17 alpha-acetylation and modifications in the B ring. Chlormadinone acetate (CMA) is the most potent analog identified thus far, having about one-twentieth the RRA potency of ouabain. CMA interacts at the ouabain site on Na+,K+-ATPase, inhibits the enzyme in the same rank order of species sensitivity as do the CG, and inhibits the sodium pump in vitro in guinea pig atrium and perfused heart, cardiac myocytes, rat diaphragm, and red blood cells. CMA does not cross-react with digoxin antiserum, which indicates that CG antibodies are not necessarily directed at molecular determinants of biological activity. By crystallographic analysis, the 20-carbonyl moiety in CMA is seen spatially oriented so as to be equivalent to the lactone 23-oxygen atom in the CG. CMA exerts primarily cardiodepressant effects, in accordance with the often-reported similar action of PROG. Negative inotropy may be mediated other than by Na+,K+-ATPase because PROG itself has no significant CG-like actions. Positive inotropy by CG, cardiodepression by CMA and PROG or low concentrations of CG, occasional transient enhancement of contractility by CMA, and pump stimulation by low concentrations of CMA or CG may reflect different affinities of the compounds for sites that mediate Na+,K+-ATPase/pump inhibition, positive inotropy, and negative inotropy. Thus, PROG derivatives related to CMA appear to be likely candidates for endogenous digitalis-like hormones. Body tissues possess the enzymes for conversion of PROG to derivatives related even more closely than the semisynthetic CMA to the CG configuration.
The Auditory P 300 at or near Threshold

Psychophysical and P300 (P3) thresholds and suprathreshold measures were obtained in 16 normal-hearing subjects. Subjects followed a classic oddball paradigm using 1000 (frequent) and 2000 Hz (rare) tones as stimuli. The P3 was obtained for all 16 subjects at or 5 dB above their behavioral threshold. The P3 was obtained more often at behavioral threshold and 5 dB SL than N1 and P2 late potentials. The P3 was larger in amplitude than either the N1 or the P2 at threshold and for 75 dB SPL stimuli. In comparing P3s obtained at threshold and for the 75 dB stimuli, significant effects were noted in latency and amplitude reflecting exogenous aspects to this endogenous potential. Differences in latency and amplitude were also noted in N1 and P2 waveforms obtained from the rare versus frequent stimuli. Clinical implications of these results are discussed.
O(logW) multidimensional packet classification

We use a collection of hash tables to represent a multidimensional packet classification table. These hash tables are derived from a trie-representation of the multidimensional classifier. The height of this trie is <i>O</i>(<i>W</i>), where <i>W</i> is the sum of the maximum possible length, in bits, of each of the fields of a filter. The leaves at level <i>i</i> of the trie together with markers for some of the leaves at levels <i>j</i> such that <i>j</i> > <i>i</i> are stored in a hash table <i>H<inf>i</inf></i>. The placement of markers is such that a binary search of the <i>H<inf>i</inf></i>'s successfully locates the highest-priority filter that matches any given packet. The number of hash tables equals the trie height, <i>O</i>(<i>W</i>). Hence, a packet may be classified by performing <i>O</i>(log <i>W</i>) hash-table lookups. So the expected lookup-complexity of our data structure for multidimensional packet classification is <i>O</i>(log <i>W</i>). Our proposed scheme affords a memory advantage over the <i>O</i>(log <i>W</i>) 1-D scheme of Waldvogel et al. For multidimensional packet classification, our proposed scheme provides both a time and memory advantage over the extended grid-of-tries scheme of Baboescu et al.
The Role of Symbols Signalling the Product Status on Online Users' Information Processing

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of the presence and type of product symbol on online users' information search behaviour. Adopting an information processing perspective, it gathers objective and self‐reported measures and investigates the relationships between them.Design/methodology/approach – An experiment was conducted with a sample of 174 individuals. The presence of a symbol recommending the product or signalling its popularity within the website was manipulated. Participants' need for cognition was measured.Findings – The presence of a product symbol positively influenced users' cognitive elaboration and perceptions of information diagnosticity. Significant differences of situational and individual characteristics, related to the type of symbol and the users' motivation to process information, were detected.Research limitations/implications – Dual information processing theories represent an adequate framework to analyse the ways in which online users perceive and pro.
Reading both high-coherence and low-coherence texts: effects of text sequence and prior knowledge.

Previous research (e.g., McNamara, Kintsch, Songer, & Kintsch, 1996) has demonstrated that high-knowledge readers learn more from low-coherence than high-coherence texts. This study further examined the assumption that this advantage is due to the use of knowledge to fill in the gaps in the text, resulting in an integration of the text with prior knowledge. Participants read either a high- or low-coherence text twice, or they read both the high- and low-coherence texts in one order or the other. Reading the low-coherence text first should force the reader to use prior knowledge to fill in the conceptual gaps. However, reading the high-coherence text first was predicted to negate the necessity of using prior knowledge to understand the low-coherence text when the latter was presented second. As predicted, high-knowledge readers benefited from the low-coherence only text when it was read first. Low-knowledge readers benefited from the high-coherence text, regardless of whether it was read first, second, or twice.
Amorphous Regions-of-Interest Projection Method for Simplified Longitudinal Comparison of Dynamic Regions in Cancer Imaging

Tumors are typically analyzed as a single unit, despite their biologically heterogeneous nature. This limits correlations that can be drawn between regional variation and treatment outcome. Furthermore, despite the availability of high resolution 3-D medical imaging techniques, local outcomes, (e.g., tumor growth), are not easily measured. This paper proposes a method that uses streamlines to divide a 3-D region of interest (e.g., tumor) into units where local properties can be measured over the paths of growth. The parameters such as directional length and mean intensity can be measured locally at sequential time points and then compared. The method is evaluated on synthetic objects, simulated tumors, and medical images of brain tumors. The evaluations suggest that the method is suitable for mapping amorphous dynamic objects.
The rational use of influenza vaccines in healthy children and children with underlying conditions

Purpose of review This review discusses why influenza should be considered an important clinical problem even in healthy children, and what can be expected from the use of influenza vaccines in pediatrics. Recent findings It has been demonstrated that not only children with an underlying disease but also otherwise healthy children can suffer from severe influenza. The greatest clinical problems arise during the first 23 months of life, but a substantial number of children aged 2–5 years and more than 5 years can die or be hospitalized. This suggests that adequate prophylactic measures should be planned for all children, regardless of their age. An influenza vaccination can be administered using a trivalent inactivated influenza virus or live attenuated influenza virus vaccine, and in both cases seems to be highly cost-effective. However, the actual use of influenza vaccines in children continues to be less than officially recommended. Summary Influenza is a clinical problem for children at risk because of underlying disease and previously healthy children. Effective vaccines are currently available, and their extensive pediatric use seems to be associated with significant clinical and socioeconomic advantages.
A Proposed Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) Tool for Lean Dashboard, Statistics and Performance Efficiency in Malaysian Modern Manufacturer

The development of manufacturing industries in Malaysia has started more than 50 years ago. Nonetheless, after more than 50 years Malaysian manufacturing has been established, the issues of maintenance, safety, quality, cost, and performance efficiency still receive criticism, complaints, and various suggested approach to improve their product quality, operation management, and customer satisfaction. As a result, in order to improve the quality of manufacturing industries, Malaysian government has supported and encourage for develop total solution especially for quality improvement, increase safety and setup low cost for productive maintenance. Thus, to help the Malaysian manufacturer to achieve national agenda, further Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) tool essential. Recently, manufacturing companies are moving toward maintenance engineering practices, lean dashboard methodology process, statistical engineering solution, audit quality maintenance control and performance efficiency improvement; lower cost of production, cheaper maintenance cost , just in time (JIT) operation deliveries, eliminate of waste in any aspect of its operations and finally produce high quality product and better service to customer compared to competitors. The objectives of this research is to develop propose TPM tool as an important catalyst for continually seek better maintenance performance and in turn against competitive advantage. By implementing prototype of TPM system, modern manufacturing companies will eliminate waste in operation activities such as to reduce maintenance cost, reduce time monitoring and control's, reduce defect, to reduce lead time, and reduce variation process and also improve quality product and good service for customer satisfaction.