Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Age on the Electrophysiological and Autonomic Correlates of Sudden Death After Acute Myocardial Infarction

To examine the influence of age on the autonomic and electrophysiological correlates of sudden death after myocardial infarction, 223 patients aged <60 and 195 patients aged ≥60 were followed up for a mean of 790 days. The patients had Holter monitoring and a signal‐averaged EGG 5–11 days after infarction. A mean ventricular ectopic beat frequency >10 beats/ hour (VE10) was present in 17.0% of young versus 28.2% of old patients (P < 0.01); a low heart heart variability index in 17.9% of young but in 32.3% of old patients (P < 0.001) and late potentials in 17.5% but 32% of young and old patients, respectively (P < 0.01). There was no difference in the incidence of sudden death between young and old patients (3.6% vs 3.1%). However, sudden death accounted for 50%, compared with 24% of all deaths in the young and old groups, respectively (P < 0.01). Sudden death was more closely associated with low heart rate variability and VE10 in the young than in the older group. The predictive values of a heart rate variability index <20 units with VE10 in younger patients were a sensitivity of 50%, a positive predictive accuracy (PPA) of 33% and risk ratio (RR) of 18 (P < 0.001); these values did not reach significance in older patients (16.7%, 4.3% and 1.4%, respectively.) Late potentials had a sensitivity of 50%, a PPA of 12.1%, and an RR of 4.7 in young patients (P < 0.05): the corresponding values in the older group were 80%, 8.9, and 8.4 (P < 0.02). It is concluded that sudden death is a more predominant mode of death and is more strongly associated with lower heart rate variability and with the VE10 incidence in young than in older postinfarction patients. Age should be taken into account when assessing the risk of sudden death after myocardial infarction.
Time trends in autism and in MMR immunization coverage in California.

CONTEXT Considerable concern has been generated in the lay and medical communities by a theory that increased measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) immunization among young children may be the cause of an apparent marked increase in autism occurrence. OBJECTIVE To determine if a correlation exists in secular trends of MMR immunization coverage among young children and autism occurrence. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective analyses of MMR immunization coverage rates among children born in 1980-1994 who were enrolled in California kindergartens (survey samples of 600-1900 children each year) and whose school immunization records were reviewed to retrospectively determine the age at which they first received MMR immunization; and of autism caseloads among children born in these years who were diagnosed with autism and were enrolled in the California Department of Developmental Services regional service center system. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Measles-mumps-rubella immunization coverage rates as of ages 17 months and 24 months and numbers of Department of Developmental Services system enrollees diagnosed with autism, grouped by year of birth. RESULTS Essentially no correlation was observed between the secular trend of early childhood MMR immunization rates in California and the secular trend in numbers of children with autism enrolled in California's regional service center system. For the 1980-1994 birth cohorts, a marked, sustained increase in autism case numbers was noted, from 44 cases per 100 000 live births in the 1980 cohort to 208 cases per 100 000 live births in the 1994 cohort (a 373% relative increase), but changes in early childhood MMR immunization coverage over the same time period were much smaller and of shorter duration. Immunization coverage by the age of 24 months increased from 72% to 82%, a relative increase of only 14%, over the same time period. CONCLUSIONS These data do not suggest an association between MMR immunization among young children and an increase in autism occurrence.
Brand Protection 2020 Perspectives on the Issues Shaping the Global Risk and Response to Product Counterfeiting

preface Counterfeit products—that is, any goods or packaging that bear a trademark that is virtually the same as one registered to an authorized trademark owner—are one of the most significant global threats to brands and those who hold intellectual property rights to them. They also pose significant risks to public health and safety, the economy, and even national security. Given consumer and organizational dependence on branded products, virtually everyone is vulnerable to counterfeits and has a stake in preventing, identifying, and responding to their occurrence. The multifaceted nature of product counterfeiting calls for an equally multidimensional response that is both strategic and comprehensive. This report attempts to provide some context for developing such a response. It compiles the ideas and perspectives of a diverse array of experts—including representatives of brand owners, industry associations, law-enforcement agencies, private service providers, and academia—who are leaders in the global fight against product counterfeiting. In particular, it identifies and discusses critical aspects of the counterfeiting problem that need to be considered over the next five years. This A-CAPP Paper was supported by Underwriters Laboratories. The ideas expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions of Underwriters Laboratories. is the first and only academic body focusing on the complex global issues of anti-counterfeiting and protection of all products and brands, across all industries, and in all markets. Linking industry, government, academic, and other stakeholders through interdisciplinary and translational research, education, and outreach, the A-CAPP Center serves as an international hub for the development and dissemination of evidence-based anti-counterfeit and brand protection strategy. For more information and opportunities to partner, contact Dr. Jeremy Wilson, Director of the A-CAPP, at (517)432-2204 or jwilson@msu.edu. Additional information about the Center and all of its products, resources, and training and education opportunities can be found at
Financing of Low-Rent Housing REITs in China

Abstract Taking the special features of the Chinese real estate market and financial market into account, this paper explores the application of real estate investment trusts (REITs) in low-rent housing and introduces an agent-based simulation model for low-rent housing REITs in the issuing and trading markets. Overcoming the difficulty of lacking relevant REITs models and data in China, We find that how the rental income and government subsidy, market fixed interest rate, dividend proportion of low-rent housing REITs and market surplus fund influence the financing of low-rent housing REITs.
Reliable Broadcast Using Limited LT Coding in Wireless Networks

Forward error correction (FEC) enables the receiver to detect and correct error in a packet. The fountain code, which is a subclass of FEC, is a linear code to have high scalability and low complexities, and the Luby transform (LT) code is the first practical fountain code. In this letter, we propose a new broadcast method to increase the reliability of broadcast data transfer using the LT code. The proposed method enhances the reliability of the broadcast using the LT code by adjusting the number of output packets depending on a target probability. We develop a new analytic model to derive the data restoration probability with given configuration of encoding and decoding process.
DISORDERS OF COLOR AND OBJECT RECOGNITION: SYNDROMES OF THE VENTRAL OCCIPITOTEMPORAL PATHWAY

Although lesions of the striate cortex are associated with hemifield defects, lesions of the inferior and medial occipitotemporal cortex often are associated with disorders of more high-level and complex visual processing. These disorders of the ventral processing stream can be considered as impairing the perception of color and recognition of objects, in contrast to the problems with motion and spatial localization seen with lesions of the dorsal occipitoparietal stream. Dysfunction in the ventral stream leads to the prototypic syndromes of achromatopsia, general visual agnosia, prosopagnosia, alexia without agraphia, and some forms of topographagnosia. Most of these are not single entities but families of disorders in which dysfunction in different cognitive and perceptual processes can lead to the same symptom. Continuum Lifelong Learning Neurol 2010;16(4):111-127.
Clinical and Radiologic Disease in Smokers With Normal Spirometry.

IMPORTANCE Airflow obstruction on spirometry is universally used to define chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and current or former smokers without airflow obstruction may assume that they are disease free. OBJECTIVE To identify clinical and radiologic evidence of smoking-related disease in a cohort of current and former smokers who did not meet spirometric criteria for COPD, for whom we adopted the discarded label of Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 0. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Individuals from the Genetic Epidemiology of COPD (COPDGene) cross-sectional observational study completed spirometry, chest computed tomography (CT) scans, a 6-minute walk, and questionnaires. Participants were recruited from local communities at 21 sites across the United States. The GOLD 0 group (n = 4388) (ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration [FEV1] to forced vital capacity >0.7 and FEV1 ≥80% predicted) from the COPDGene study was compared with a GOLD 1 group (n = 794), COPD groups (n = 3690), and a group of never smokers (n = 108). Recruitment began in January 2008 and ended in July 2011. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Physical function impairments, respiratory symptoms, CT abnormalities, use of respiratory medications, and reduced respiratory-specific quality of life. RESULTS One or more respiratory-related impairments were found in 54.1% (2375 of 4388) of the GOLD 0 group. The GOLD 0 group had worse quality of life (mean [SD] St George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score, 17.0 [18.0] vs 3.8 [6.8] for the never smokers; P < .001) and a lower 6-minute walk distance, and 42.3% (127 of 300) of the GOLD 0 group had CT evidence of emphysema or airway thickening. The FEV1 percent predicted distribution and mean for the GOLD 0 group were lower but still within the normal range for the population. Current smoking was associated with more respiratory symptoms, but former smokers had greater emphysema and gas trapping. Advancing age was associated with smoking cessation and with more CT findings of disease. Individuals with respiratory impairments were more likely to use respiratory medications, and the use of these medications was associated with worse disease. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Lung disease and impairments were common in smokers without spirometric COPD. Based on these results, we project that there are 35 million current and former smokers older than 55 years in the United States who may have unrecognized disease or impairment. The effect of chronic smoking on the lungs and the individual is substantially underestimated when using spirometry alone.
Role of a phenazine antibiotic from Pseudomonas fluorescens in biological control of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici

Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79 (NRRL B-15132) and its rifampin-resistant derivative 2-79RN10 are suppressive to take-all, a major root disease of wheat caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Strain 2-79 produces the antibiotic phenazine-1-carboxylate, which is active in vitro against G. graminis var. tritici and other fungal root pathogens. Mutants defective in phenazine synthesis (Phz-) were generated by Tn5 insertion and then compared with the parental strain to determine the importance of the antibiotic in take-all suppression on wheat roots. Six independent, prototrophic Phz- mutants were noninhibitory to G. graminis var. tritici in vitro and provided significantly less control of take-all than strain 2-79 on wheat seedlings. Antibiotic synthesis, fungal inhibition in vitro, and suppression of take-all on wheat were coordinately restored in two mutants complemented with cloned DNA from a 2-79 genomic library. These mutants contained Tn5 insertions in adjacent EcoRI fragments in the 2-79 genome, and the restriction maps of the region flanking the insertions and the complementary DNA were colinear. These results indicate that sequences required for phenazine production were present in the cloned DNA and support the importance of the phenazine antibiotic in disease suppression in the rhizosphere.
A universal automatic on-chip measurement of FPGA's internal setup and hold times

: This paper focuses on testing the setup / hold times of the internal elements in FPGAs. Using only the existing on-chip resources, this method is quite universal and low-cost for testing modern FPGAs. One clock signal is used as data input and its relationship with the other clock is directly adjusted by PLL or DCM. Global clock network is employed to transmit signals to get minimum skew and maximum ﬂ exibility. The on-chip Self-Controller detects the results according to pass probabilities automatically. This automatic method is implemented in real FPGAs. The experiments show that this method can measure setup / hold times of di ﬀ erent elements in the FPGAs correctly: the standard deviation is 4.3 ps and the resolution is 13 ps for Xilinx Virtex-4 and Virtex-5.
ON A FAIR VALUE MODEL FOR PARTICIPATING LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES

The aim of this paper is to analyze both the term structure of interest and mortality rates role for evaluating a fair value of a life insurance business. In particular, a fair value accounting impact on reserve evaluations is discussed comparing a traditional deterministic model based on local rules for an Italian balance sheet calculation and a stochastic one based on a diffusion process for both mortality and financial risks. As proposed by IAS Board we will separate the embedded derivatives from their host contracts, so the fair value of a traditional life insurance contract would be expressed as the value of four components: the basic contract, the participation option, the option to annuitise and the surrender option. A numerical application to a traditional Italian life insurance policy is discussed.
Batch Fabrication of Customizable Silicone‐Textile Composite Capacitive Strain Sensors for Human Motion Tracking

This paper presents design and batch manufacturing of a highly stretchable textile‐silicone capacitive sensor to be used in human articulation detection, soft robotics, and exoskeletons. The proposed sensor is made of conductive knit fabric as electrode and silicone elastomer as dielectric. The batch manufacturing technology enables production of large sensor mat and arbitrary shaping of sensors, which is precisely achieved via laser cutting of the sensor mat. Individual capacitive sensors exhibit high linearity, low hysteresis, and a gauge factor of 1.23. Compliant, low‐profile, and robust electrical connections are established by fusing filaments of micro coaxial cable to conductive fabric electrodes of the sensor with thermoplastic film. The capacitive sensors are integrated on a reconstructed glove for monitoring finger motions.
Cresyl Violet Stains Mast Cells Selectively: Its Application to Counterstaining in Immunohistochemistry

The thiazine dye toluidine blue (TB) is well known to stain mast cells and hyaline cartilage metachromatically, and thus is mostly often used for their identification. However, TB is not suitable for counterstaining in immunohistochemistry, because of its high-background staining in the cytoplasm of other cell species and in extracellular structures. To expand the knowledge about dyestuffs staining mast cells in consideration with their usage in immunohistochemistry, we determined the stainability of several thiazines and oxazines, which are structurally related compounds to TB, using sections of mast cell-containing tissues. We found that all azine dyes used metachromatically stained mast cells and cartilage. Among these dyes, an oxazines cresyl violet (CV) stained mast cells with lower background, suggesting that those are useful for detecting mast cells and for counterstaining in immunohistochemistry. To ascertain its utility, CV was used in immunostaining of bHSDs in sections from adult rat ovary. Immunopositive signals reflected by DAB development in brown were clearly detected even after CV staining. We conclude that, similar to thiazines, oxazines stain mast cells metachromatically, and that of these, CV is more useful as a counterstain in immunohistochemistry than TB.
A semi-supervised clustering via orthogonal projection

As dimensionality is very high, image feature space is usually complex. For effectively processing this space, technology of dimensionality reduction is widely used. Semi-supervised clustering incorporates limited information into unsupervised clustering in order to improve clustering performance. However, many existing semi-supervised clustering methods can not be used to handle high-dimensional sparse data. To solve this problem, we proposed a semi-supervised fuzzy clustering method via constrained orthogonal projection. With results of experiments on different datasets, it shows the method has good clustering performance for handling high dimensionality data.
Lower Rate of Preeclampsia After Antioxidant Supplementation in Pregnant Women with Low Antioxidant Status

Objective: To investigate maternal and neonatal outcomes after antioxidant supplementation relatively early in pregnancy (8 to 12 weeks) for pregnant women with low antioxidant status. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of daily antioxidant supplementation was performed on pregnant women screening positive for low antioxidant status at 8 to 12 weeks of gestation. Low antioxidant status was defined as a superoxidedismutase (SOD) level below 1102 U/g Hb or 164 U/mL. The supplementation group received the following antioxidants daily: vitamins A (1000 IU), B6 (2.2 mg), B12 (2.2 μg), C (200 mg), and E (400 IU), folic acid (400 μg), N-acetylcysteine (200 mg), Cu (2 mg), Zn (15 mg), Mn (0.5 mg), Fe (30 mg), calcium (800 mg), and selenium (100 μg). The control group received Fe (30 mg) and folic acid (400 μg). Maternal (preeclampsia, abortion, and hypertension) and perinatal outcomes were assessed. Results: In the supplementation group (29 subjects), we observed 2 cases of preeclampsia (6.8%, 1 mild and 1 severe), 1 of IUGR (birth weight 2300 g at 38 weeks), and 1 preterm delivery. In the control group (31 subjects), there were 8 abortions, 9 cases of preeclampsia (29%, 6 mild and 3 severe) with perinatal outcome: 3 preterm delivery cases and 1 IUGR (birth weight 2030 g at 39 weeks). Preeclampsia was significantly less frequent in the supplementation group when compared to the control group (2 vs. 9 cases, p = 0.043, OR = 0.18 [95% CI: 0.03, 0.92]). Finally we focused on the prediction of preeclampsia at 8 to 12 weeks. Combined sensitivity of markers of antioxidant status (SOD slutathione peroxidase, [GPx], and total anti-oxidant status [TAS]) was 33% (false-positive rate of 4.5%). Conclusion: Antioxidant supplementation was associated with better maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnant women with low antioxidant status than control supplementation with iron and folate alone. In a selected population already screened positive for low SOD, preeclampsia can be detected in 33% of asymptomatic cases in the first trimester using SOD, GPx, and TAS. It seems feasible that panels of both biochemical and molecular markers may be clinically useful in the prediction of this disease.
Comprehensive study of prognostic risk factors of patients underwent pneumonectomy

Introduction: To investigate postoperative complications and the prognostic risk factors of patients underwent pneumonectomy. Methods: Four hundred and six patients underwent pneumonectomy were subjected to the study. All the clinicopathologic data including age, gender, smoking history, surgical treatment, postoperative complications, tumor staging and the follow-up information were investigated. Results: The 30-day and 90-day mortality rates were 3.2% and 6.2%, respectively. Postoperative complications developed in 149 patients (36.7%), mainly included arrhythmia, transfusion, pulmonary infection, bronchopleural fistula and acute respiratory distress syndrome. During the follow-up, 189 patients experienced a relapse, consisting of 51 patients with local recurrence and 138 with distant recurrence. The median survival time was 24.4 months and the overall 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 82.7%, 50.9% and 32.5%, respectively. Moreover, the overall 1-year, 3-year, 5-year survival rates for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were 84.1%, 52.1% and 32.5%, respectively and patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were 56.1%, 38.5% and 28.8%, respectively. Among NSCLCs, adenocarcinomas had a worse prognosis than squamous carcinomas. Compared to right pneumonectomy, patients with left pneumonectomy had a better prognosis. Multivariable analysis revealed ICU stay, disease stage, nodal stage and adjuvant chemotherapy were all significant predictors of overall survival (OS). Conclusions: Pneumonectomy is still a valuable and effective treatment option for patients with advanced lung cancer. Surgeons should be more cautious when patients had higher disease stage, adenocarcinoma and right-side lung cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not affect the prognosis. Pneumonectomy could also achieve acceptable survival outcomes in well-selected SCLC patients.
The rise of light communities in sport. The case of running

This paper is part of a larger study project in Flanders (Belgium) about the evolution of the market of running and its marketing consequences for traditional athletics clubs and associations. At present, running is popular among participants, spectators, organisers as well as sponsors (Bezold, 2006). Once an activity mainly performed by upper-middle class men, recreational running has now become an almost democratised pastime (Scheerder et al., 2002). Over the last four decades running has evolved from a mere competition between athletes in the late 70s over a solitary activity for fi tness freaks in the 80s to an extremely popular leisure pursuit featured by massive participation in road races. In the literature this contemporary development is identifi ed as a ‘second wave of running’ (Van Bottenburg, 2006). Along with these expansion and changes in the market of running, new providers have entered this market. In this paper it is attempted to analyse the market for running in Flanders. It will be examined whether an expansion has occurred in this market and, if so, which factors generated this growth. Possible position and marketing strategies of the traditional athletics clubs and associations are discussed.
Integrity and Subjective Norms as Non-price Determinants of Intention to Purchase Counterfeit Goods

This study aims to provide insights on the effcets of personal factors such asintegrityand subjective normson decreasing willingness to purchase of counterfeits. Maintaining economic safety through peaceful ways is one duties of marketersin each country to provide secure economic life for the citizens. In this survey, 415 randomlyselected students participated, using structural equation modelling for analyzing research data. This study confirmed the effects of mentioned factors. Thus, integrity and subjective norms can affect the decrease willingness to purchase of counterfeiting by thecitizens. Thus, some strategies are offered to solve this issue and its consequences in general decisionmakings.