Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic Constraints on Syntrophic Acetate Oxidation

Syntrophic acetate oxidation coupled to hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis has been identified as a significant anaerobic pathway in high-temperature (55°C) oil fields ([1][1], [2][2]). In a paper on acetate production from oil under sulfate-reducing conditions, Callbeck et al. ([3][3]) took note of
The Construction of Evaluation Index System of Logistics Service Quality in Online Shopping with Small B2C and C2C as Example

The status of small B2C and C2C online shopping logistics service quality management was introduced,and the research results of both domestic and foreign scholars on the quality of logistics services were summarized.Then it combines with the practice of small B2C and C2C online shopping,adopting the method of process analysis to identify its customer touch points of contact in logistics services.After that,a questionnaire was designed according to the analyzed customer touch points of contact,sent it to the small sellers in the online shopping who have the experiences of both sending out the goods and picking up the goods.Recycling and sorting the data collected were made carefully.After the verification of reliability and validity of the questionnaire,the means and variances of these customer contact points were analyzed by using SPSS statistical software.Six representative influencing factors were concluded,including deliver goods service level,accepting order service level,accurate fulfilling order ability,timeliness,information service ability and price,so as to provide reference for the evaluation of online shopping logistics service quality.
An Inactivated Hepatitis A Virus Vaccine Prepared from Infected Marmoset Liver

Summary Human hepatitis A virus, partially purified from the liver of a rufiventer marmoset infected with CR326 strain virus, was inactivated with formalin and was shown to be highly potent in stimulating homologous antibody in marmosets when administered subcutaneously at bi-weekly intervals in eight divided doses. The vaccine was shown to prevent hepatitis A in all marmosets when challenged with live hepatitis A virus in a controlled study.
Rate of inter-herd transmission of classical swine fever virus by different types of contact during the 1997–8 epidemic in The Netherlands

In this study we quantified the rate at which classical swine fever had been transmitted by several different types of inter-herd contact during the 1997–8 epidemic in The Netherlands. During that epidemic 428 CSFV-infected pig herds were detected, 403 of which were included in this study. The estimated rates of transmission were 0·065 per shipment of live pigs, 0·011 per contact by a pig transportation lorry, 0·0068 per person contact, 0·0007 per dose of semen, 0·0065 per contact with a potentially contaminated pig assembly point, 0·027 per week per infected herd within a radius of 500 metres and 0·0078 per week per infected herd at a distance between 500 and 1000 metres. These transmission rates can be used to optimize the strategy to stop future epidemics of CSF in The Netherlands. In addition, the analysis demonstrated in this paper, can be used to quantify CSFV transmission rates from other epidemics.
GIS-Based Models as Tools for Environmental Issues: Applications in the South of Portugal

© 2012 Isidoro et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. GIS-Based Models as Tools for Environmental Issues: Applications in the South of Portugal
Generative Learning Strategy Use and Self-Regulatory Prompting in Digital Text

The digital revolution is shifting print-based textbooks to digital text, and it has afforded the opportunity to incorporate meaningful learning strategies and otherwise separate metacognitive activities directly into these texts as embedded support. A sample of 89 undergraduates read a digital, expository text on the basics of photography. The treatment prompted the reader with selfregulatory questions and embedded a generative strategy, paraphrasing, and confirmed previous research on the relationships between prior knowledge and level of self-regulation on reading comprehension. A one-way between subjects ANOVA revealed significance for the level of self-regulation on comprehension-level items and for the level of prior knowledge on recall-level items. ANOVA also indicated that the quality of paraphrasing has a significant impact on recall-level and overall performance on the posttest. Further, participants were generally positive towards the instructional materials, which suggests willingness, and in some cases, preference, to reading in a digital format while experiencing embedded, metacognitive instructional interventions. It is recommended that comprehension may be enhanced by providing deeper training on the use of the generative strategy and by increasing motivation prior to interacting with the text in order to capitalize on the unique advantages of digital materials.
Minimum number of distinct eigenvalues of graphs Authors

The minimum number of distinct eigenvalues, taken over all real symmetric matrices compatible with a given graph G, is denoted by q(G). Using other parameters related to G, bounds for q(G) are proven and then applied to deduce further properties of q(G). It is shown that there is a great number of graphs G for which q(G) = 2. For some families of graphs, such as the join of a graph with itself, complete bipartite graphs, and cycles, this minimum value is obtained. Moreover, examples of graphs G are provided to show that adding and deleting edges or vertices can dramatically change the value of q(G). Finally, the set of graphs G with q(G) near the number of vertices is shown to be a subset of known families of graphs with small maximum multiplicity.
Toward a Wearable Tactile Sensory Amplification Device : Transfer Characteristics and Optimization

This project aims to create a wearable device capable of electronically enhancing touch, in the same way that a hearing aid enhances the auditory sense. Our prototype device utilizes electronic sensors, in the form of wide bandwidth MEMS accelerometers, that are worn on the finger to capture touch-induced skin vibrations, which are instrumental to haptic perception. Active, analog electronics are used to filter and amplify the resulting signals without digitization. A compact recoil actuator is used to accurately reproduce these signals, effectively enhancing the transient touch information that is produced when the finger contacts or slides against an object. In order to optimize the performance of this device, we measured and analyzed the frequency-domain transfer characteristics of this system. The results were used to determine sensor and actuator locations and orientations that would minimize feedback, increasing the range of feasible amplification gains. This study may help to guide the design of sensory prostheses and haptic displays worn on the upper limb. Such devices could be beneficial for individuals with impaired touch sensation due to peripheral neuropathy, or for those with prosthetic limbs. Advances in haptic technologies for stimulating the sense of touch hold the potential to aid individuals with peripheral sensory impairments, and to assist those who may have lost a limb by helping to restore touch sensation in a prosthesis. Conscious percepts of touch are enabled by receptors that translate contact-dependent mechanical and thermal stimuli into neural impulses that are transmitted through the nervous system to the brain [2]. A major outstanding challenge in haptic engineering is to reproduce touch-like stimuli via an electronic interface, and many methods for doing so are described in the literature, and are exemplified in commercial products. Despite the potential applications in sensory aids, far less attention has been devoted to the possibility of electronically processing and enhancing tactile information that is felt by the skin during natural haptic interaction. The approach described in this Work-in-Progress contribution is inspired by previous research by Yao et al., in which the authors created an instrument for surgical procedures that could amplify the vibrations felt between the instrument tip and a surface [4]. The authors demonstrated that using this handheld instrument, users were able to perceive lesions in tissue that would otherwise go unnoticed. We adopt a similar 1Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Drexel University, PA 19104, USA mcc359@drexel.edu 2School of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, PA 19104, USA
Quantitative Analysis of Dynamic Gd‐DTPA Enhancement in Breast Tumors Using a Permeability Model

The MRI signal enhancement in a breast tumor, measured as a function of time after a bolus injection of Gd‐DTPA, may contain enough information to differentiate malignant from benign tissue. We find a physiological model for measuring capillary permeability and leakage space (P. S. Tofts, A. G. Kermode, measurement of the blood‐brain barrier permeability and leakage space using dynamic MR imaging. 1. Fundamental concepts. Magn. Reson. Med. 17, 357–367 (1991)) fits the data well. The enhancement curve is particularly sensitive to the preinjection T1, of the tumor, the dose, and the time of injection. This model may provide a means of characterizing the pathophysiology of breast tumors from the Gd‐DTPA enhancement curve.
Friends, Friendsters, and Top 8: Writing community into being on social network sites

“Are you my friend? Yes or no? ” This question, while fundamentally odd, is a key component of social network sites. Participants must select who on the system they deem to be ‘Friends. ’ Their choice is publicly displayed for all to see and becomes the backbone for networked participation. By examining what different participants groups do on social network sites, this paper investigates what Friendship means and how Friendship affects the culture of the sites. I will argue that Friendship helps people write community into being in social network sites. Through these imagined egocentric communities, participants are able to express who they are and locate themselves culturally. In turn, this provides individuals with a contextual frame through which they can properly socialize with other participants. Friending is deeply affected by both social processes and technological affordances. I will argue that the established Friending norms evolved out of a need to resolve the social tensions that emerged due to technological limitations. At the same time, I will argue that Friending supports pre-existing social norms yet because the architecture of social network sites is fundamentally different than the architecture of unmediated social spaces, these sites introduce an environment that is quite unlike that with which we are accustomed.
Phonetic analysis and automatic prediction of vowel duration in Hungarian spontaneous speech

A large number of phonetic and phonology research papers analyzed segmental durations focusing on factors and interactions that determine their durations. The results often play an important role in Language Technology applications, for example in TTS (text-to-speech synthesis), ASR (automatic speech recognition) and are widely used in infocommunication. Speech sound duration depends on various factors such as phonetic quality, phonological context, phonological position in the word or in the utterance, speech style, etc. The multifunction dependence of vowel duration is more complex in those languages where vowel length is a distinctive feature like in Hungarian. The main goal of the present research was to analyze the physical durations of pairs of vowels in spontaneous speech that exhibit a phonological length opposition. In addition, we intended to develop an algorithm for automatic classification of the short and long vowels occurring in spontaneous speech. On the basis of these findings we intended to predict automatically the vowel durations based on three different methods. The measured data confirmed our hypothesis that phonologically short vs. long vowels would significantly differ in their physical durations in spontaneous speech. The results of the automatic vowel length classification also supported this finding. The third aspect of our investigations was to use different supervised learning methods in order to predict vowel duration, based on different feature vectors consisting of characteristic and spectral features. The best result was yielded by the combined features and FFNN were used. The correlation between the target and the predicted vowel duration was 0.79 while RMSE was 25 ms. The results obtained support the complexity of features affecting vowel duration, on the one hand, and indicate the temporal complexity of segments in spontaneous speech, as has been reported for Lithuanian, Czech, Hindi, Telugu and Korean, on the other hand.
Visual Tool for Extracting Anomalous Approaches of Moving Objects

The analysis of incidents is important for preventing collisions between moving objects. However, it requires that many cases of incidents be collected as target data. The purpose of this study was to develop a method that supports the collection of many cases of anomalous (near-miss) approach from massive movement data. To achieve this, a relative superposition method is proposed. Relative superposition is a type of visualization method, in which the trajectories of pairs of moving objects are transformed, focusing on their relative positional relationships. The method is expected to facilitate the search for anomalous approach cases. This paper describes five types of relative superposition, together with a visual tool in which they are implemented. Moreover, it presents a case study in which anomalous approach cases of ships were searched by applying the tool to actual the automatic identification system (AIS) data.
Effects of Depression on QT Interval Variability After Myocardial Infarction

Objectives Clinical depression is a risk factor for cardiac mortality in patients with coronary heart disease. High QT interval variability is a risk factor for arrhythmic events, including sudden cardiac death. The purpose of this study was to determine whether depression is associated with increased QT variability in patients recovering from myocardial infarction. Methods Twenty patients with major depression recovering from a recent myocardial infarction were matched with 20 nondepressed post–myocardial infarction patients on age and sex, and all underwent 24-hour Holter monitoring. Results There were no differences between groups on average heart rate, heart rate variability, or other electrocardiographic measures. However, the QT interval showed significantly greater variability in the depressed than in the nondepressed group, especially at midnight and at 6:00 AM. Conclusions Depressed post–myocardial infarction patients may be at greater risk for sudden cardiac death as a result of abnormalities in ventricular repolarization. More work is needed to determine the clinical and prognostic significance of QT variability in these patients.
Advantages of Minimally Invasive, Balloon-Dissector-Assisted Tissue Expander Placement: A Clinical and Experimental Study

Background:Tissue expansion has been dependent upon healing the access incision after placement. Delay can be reduced with minimally placed expanders. Smaller, remote incisions allow for earlier expansion. Methods:Balloon-assisted tissue expander placement was evaluated in a pig model and compared with open placement. Open placement with delayed expansion versus minimally invasive placement with immediate expansion, and open placement with immediate expansion versus balloon dissection with delayed expansion were compared. Our clinical series with balloon dissector tissue-expander placement was reviewed. Fifty-two tissue expanders were placed minimally invasively and successfully expanded. Results:Use of balloon dissector in the pig model yielded a shorter reconstructive period, faster expansion, and greater flap advancement. Clinical results revealed no infections, dehiscence, extrusion, or hematomas. All cases had expansion begun intraoperatively and were successfully expanded. Conclusions:Minimally invasively placed expanders resulted in shorter expansion times, the ability to institute immediate expansion, and improved expansion compared with open placement.
Bidirectional motion observed in the compact symmetric object 1946+708.

We present the first direct measurements of bidirectional motions in an extragalactic radio jet. The radio source 1946+708 is a compact symmetric object with striking S-symmetry identified with a galaxy at a redshift of 0.101. From observations 2 years apart we have determined the velocities of four compact components in the jet, the fastest of which has an apparent velocity of 1.09 h-1c. By pairing up the components, assuming they were simultaneously ejected in opposite directions, we derive a 1 lower limit on the Hubble constant, H0 > 42 km.s-1.Mpc-1.
P[acman]: A BAC Transgenic Platform for Targeted Insertion of Large DNA Fragments in D. melanogaster

We describe a transgenesis platform for Drosophila melanogaster that integrates three recently developed technologies: a conditionally amplifiable bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), recombineering, and bacteriophage ΦC31–mediated transgenesis. The BAC is maintained at low copy number, facilitating plasmid maintenance and recombineering, but is induced to high copy number for plasmid isolation. Recombineering allows gap repair and mutagenesis in bacteria. Gap repair efficiently retrieves DNA fragments up to 133 kilobases long from P1 or BAC clones. ΦC31-mediated transgenesis integrates these large DNA fragments at specific sites in the genome, allowing the rescue of lethal mutations in the corresponding genes. This transgenesis platform should greatly facilitate structure/function analyses of most Drosophila genes.
Ontologies + Mock Objects = Runnable Knowledge

Ontologies constitute the highest abstraction level in software systems. But in order to obtain runnable and testable software knowledge we can supplement ontologies with mock objects. This work formulates a basic Generation Algorithm to actually obtain testable high level code. The Generation Algorithm has been implemented in a system by means of existing tools. The approach has been tested with several case studies. We then examine fundamental issues, say whether the supplementary mock objects are essential in all cases, or can be substituted by perfect ontologies.
Defining "Fishing Communities": Vulnerability and the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act 1

As populations of many fish species worldwide have declined, the price of fuel has increased, and coastal development has mushroomed, fishing communities have suffered economic and social vulnerability. Since its 1996 re-authorization, the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (which governs U.S. marine fisheries) has included a definition of “fishing community” as “substantially dependent on or substantially engaged in the harvest or processing of fishery resources to meet social and economic needs” and a requirement (National Standard 8) to minimize economic impacts and sustain participation in fisheries in these communities. These initiatives are being implemented in conjunction with a worldwide move towards ecosystembased management. These legal and policy requirements add a new layer to theoretical discussions of “community” and “vulnerability. ” We review key themes and issues from the literature on ecological anthropology, vulnerability, disasters, ecosystem-based management and fishing communities in the context of applied anthropological work in the U.S. Critical factors for understanding vulnerability in fishing communities are discussed and put in the context of more inclusive and holistic forms of management.
Communication between multiple processes on same device using TCP/IP suite

It is an established fact that the data transmission between two devices or processes is achieved via packets, according to the rules and regulations of TCP/IP protocol suite. The said transmission involves all the layers of TCP/IP protocol suite. The different processes involved in the transmission follow the same rule of the TCP / IP suite either on the same device or on different devices. In this paper, we proposed an algorithm with the help of which the data is being transmitted from one process to another process using the same file if both processes are on the same device. Our proposed algorithm uses only the two top layers, i.e., Application and Transport, of a TCP/IP protocol suite while, the rest of the layers, i.e., Network, Data Link and Physical, are not used. The data is transferred directly from the transport layer of one process to the transport layer of the other process. Our proposed algorithm saves a significant amount of computational power and other system resources that are consumed by the lower layers, i.e., Network, Data Link and Physical.
Prevalence of nutritional overweight and obesity and hypertension as well as their relationship with anthropometric indicators in a population of students in Granada and its provinces

INTRODUCTION Several authors have found correlations between anthropometric parameters and blood pressure levels in overweight and obese subjects. This paper is an update on the potential of these parameters as a tool for predicting cardiovascular risk. AIMS to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Second verify the existence of a significant correlation between the main anthropometric indicators and the blood pressure levels. SAMPLE The population consisted of 977 children and adolescents between 9 and 17 years of age belonging to 13 schools in the province of Granada and city. METHODOLOGY anthropometric evaluation in which they were assessed six skinfolds, waist circumference, hip and determination of blood pressure in three consecutive occasions. The anthropometric assessment phase began in March 2008 lasted until April 2009. RESULTS We found that the prevalence of overweight in girls varied between 18.3% and 32.2%. For its part, the prevalence among boys was between 10.9% and 26.1%. Regarding the prevalence of obesity, the girls had similar rates between 4.5% and 15.1%. Among boys the prevalence of obesity was similar, and found rates between 4.7% and 12.6%. Of all the parameters measured, body mass index and waist circumference were the anthropometric indicators that showed a better correlation to blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS BMI and WC are useful anthropometric indicators to predict cardiovascular risk in non adults.
Research in child and adolescent psychiatry in India

The primary source for this annotation on child and adolescent psychiatry is Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Articles covering various dimensions of child and adolescent mental health were searched from its electronic data base to discuss relevant articles. Literature was mainly in the form of original research articles, review articles, case reports, editorials, orations and presidential address.