Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Segmentation of Pathological Features of Rat Bile Duct Carcinoma from Hyperspectral Images

Liver disease has always been one of the key concerns of the medical community. In recent years, liver diagnostic techniques such as serology have been continuously developed, but the pathological diagnosis of the liver, especially the advancement of liver biopsy technology, is still the most reliable basis for the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases. In this paper, pathological sections of rat bile duct carcinoma were used as experimental samples to identify and analyze liver tumor by microscopic hyperspectral imaging (MHSI)technique. The proposed method combines the Otsu (OTSU)algorithm with the support vector machine (SVM)algorithm to segment the liver tumor, and comparing with SVM segmentation results. Experimental results show that the OTSU-SVM method has an accuracy of 94.59%, which provides a potential reference value for the pathological diagnosis of liver tumors.
3D Clothing Transfer in Virtual Fitting Based on UV Mapping

3D virtual fitting based on human body contours can greatly improve the try-on effect of some tight-fitting clothes. This paper presents a fitting approach requiring merely a single RGB image and transferring clothing texture onto the human body contour, under the instruction of a UV texture guide map. DensePose is used to segment a human body into 24 patches and predict UV coordinates of each patch. 24 clothing UV patches and their textures are extracted from SURREAL dataset. Clothing patches are filtered by the patch index and the alpha value of each pixel in the patch, avoiding unnecessary replacement such as users' heads and exposed skin. They are subsequently transformed into human body corresponding patches by UV mapping. Human bodies with various figures, poses and perspectives can be fitted with clothes. Some users and clothes are tested, and satisfactory results are attained.
Performance Investigation on High Resolution CSI Enhancement for 5G Massive MIMO Systems

In the 5th generation (5G) mobile networks, an important enhancement aspect for massive MIMO is Channel State Information (CSI) feedback. For massive MIMO, quantities of antennas are utilized to provide better coverage, which brings challenge for implementation as well as opportunity for improving multi-user (MU)-MIMO performance. To provide better performance for MU-MIMO, high resolution CSI feedback was introduced in Rel.14. Base stations can acquire more accurate channel information from high resolution CSI to facilitate scheduling for multiple users with reduced inter-user interference. However, high resolution CSI feedback specified in current 3GPP still has large room to be improved due to big gap between current CSI feedback and ideal CSI feedback. In this paper, we investigate possible enhancement directions towards high resolution CSI, e.g., to improve the quantization resolution by combining more beams, to increase the supported rank, etc. High resolution codebook construction and higher rank multi-user scheduling schemes are provided. System evaluation is performed to verify the effectiveness of those schemes. Simulation results show that improving quantization resolution can bring decent performance gain, and supporting higher ranks can bring larger performance gain. Both schemes will introduce large overhead. To balance performance and overhead, supporting higher rank high resolution is preferred. The challenges to specify these schemes are also analyzed.
On Ontologies and Knowledge Associations in Gamified Environments

This work deals with new approaches in the areas of intelligent knowledge exchange. It presents a knowledge discovery technique, that is being in turn enriched with gamification methodology, so that to find elements of user behaviour and propose optimal personal decision path for achieving objectives, in more productive and fun to user ways. At the same time, introduces a gamification methodology as a personalized, game-oriented way, in achieving specific knowledge objectives, in more user friendly and productive ways. It presents briefly the previously developed ONARM methodology and based on it the Concept-Net application, for mobile and non-mobile environments. It proposes based on the above the updated ONARM+ methodology, that integrates intelligent knowledge mining, representation and association based on user preferences and profiles, represented as ontology concept - nodes. It then in turn generalizes this to groups of profiles for many users, with the underlying notion of social networking for common interests. It also introduces the two above notions of knowledge discovery and exchange with gamification elements, into different application domains, as individual use cases. Finally, relates the above into today's smart mobile devices (smartphones and tablets), for maximizing the impact of them and presents conclusions and future work.
An energy efficient design for UAV communication with mobile edge computing

This paper considers a UAV communication system with mobile edge computing (MEC). We minimize the energy consumption of the whole system via jointly optimizing the UAV's trajectory and task assignment as well as CPU's computational speed under the set of resource constrains. To this end, we first derive the energy consumption model of data processing, and then obtain the energy consumption model of fixed-wing UAV's flight. The optimization problem is mathematically formulated. To address the problem, we first obtain the approximate optimization problem by applying the technique of discrete linear state-space approximation, and then transform the non-convex constraints into convex by using linearization. Furthermore, a concave-convex procedure (CCCP) based algorithm is proposed in order to solve the optimization problem approximately. Numerical results show the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.
Web-Service for Translation of Pictogram Messages into Russian Coherent Text

This paper examines design and implementation of a web-service for translating pictogram messages into text messages in Russian. Also, we considered the contemporary approaches to such translation and proposed effective methods solving this task. The developed web-service for the translation of pictogram messages into text messages can have a wide range of applications in the field of augmentative and alternative communication for people with mental and speech disorders. Also, this web-service can be used by third-party software developers, which will enable their programs for people with special needs to translate pictogram messages.
Dynamic Thermal Prediction Model for the Electronic Equipment Cabin Based on RVFL Network

Accurate modeling of heat transfer devices is important for airborne electronic equipment cabin thermal prediction and thermal management. The current thermal models are mostly lumped model based on Thermal Network Model (TNM). The least square method is often used to compute and identify its parameters. Because of the principle of lumped parameter, thermal network model cannot correctly characterize the nonlinear temperature change process in the cabin, and the prediction accuracy is poor. Recently, neural network has gradually become a major research direction of heat transfer process modeling due to its powerful learning ability and data approximation performance. In order to achieve more accurate online thermal modeling of electronic equipment cabin, a sliding time window method based on Random Vector Function Link (RVFL) is proposed. By training the measured temperature in the electronic equipment cabin, the sliding window RVFLNN is built to predict the temperature of the equipment in the subsequent window. When the accuracy of this method cannot meet the requirement, the model is quickly updated according to the data acquired in real time. The real data experiments verify the effectiveness of this method as well as fast modeling speed.
Agile Challenges and Chances for Open Source: Lessons Learned from Managing a FLOSS Project

Open source projects got an important part today's software landscape. Thousands of these projects are collaboratively driven by communities following a shared vision. But governing open communities towards this shared vision comes along with various difficulties. In general, agile methods allow to manage such systems of collaborative development and constant change. But as this work shows, the agile approach not only provides chances in open settings. A variety of challenges occur that need to be considered. The case of Catrobat, a Free/Libre Open Source project, shows that although open source development and agile methods evolved over the last years, the dynamics of open communities still challenge the agile way. However, evaluating and understanding these dynamics, as well as introducing agile elements, such as the role of product owners, can be beneficial for managing open systems and to drive it into a common direction together with the contributors.
A Low-Complexity Blind Equalization Algorithm for 4096-QAM Systems

A simplified blind equalization algorithm, which can substantially reduce the complexity of hardware implementation of neighborhood-assisted symbol-based decision (N-SBD) algorithm, is proposed for 4096-QAM systems. Two main strategies are adopted in order to achieve our goals. On the one hand, the step function is used to approximate the weighting factor in the conventional N-SBD algorithm for avoiding the complicated exponential calculations. On the other hand, by utilizing the equidistant characteristics for the adjacent symbol coordinates, we derive the formula of the error function again, thus significantly reducing the number of multipliers in implementation. The analysis further shows that, for 4096-QAM signals, the proposed algorithm greatly reduces the implementation complexity at the cost of reducing the convergence speed slightly, whereas it can maintain the mean square error (MSE) performance of the steady-state residual error when compared with the conventional N-SBD algorithm. Simulation results also indicate that both the convergence speed and the steady-state residual error of the proposed algorithm are superior to other blind equalization algorithms, such as the multi-modulus algorithm (MMA) and constellation matched error-based MMA (CME-MMA).
Analysis of α Wave in Normal and Epileptic EEG Signals Based on Symbol-Relative Entropy

EEG is the main manifestation of the brain's nerve cell group's physiological activities. It can effectively reflect the physiological activities of nerve cells in the brain. Because of this, EEG plays an irreplaceable role in the study of brain science and clinical medicine, and it is also an important tool for diagnostic analysis of epilepsy. In this paper, we discover that the symbolic relative entropy(SRE) of the a wave data of EEG signals in Lead F8 and Lead T6 is quite different. In other words, through the a wave data of the EEG signal in the Lead F8 and Lead T6, we can further understand the pathogenesis of epilepsy, so that we can efficiently and accurately predict epileptic seizures and reduce the incidence of epilepsy.
Comparison of the Effect of Intra-Rectal Administration of Lidocaine Gel and Lidocaine Plus Fentanyl on Pain Reduction in Prostate Biopsy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the effect of intra-rectal administration of lidocaine gel alone versus lidocaine gel plus topical fentanyl on pain reduction in prostate biopsy. Methods In a double-blind randomized clinical trial, 96 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned into two groups. 1) The treatment group: Lidocaine gel (2%) 50 g and 2) the intervention group: Lidocaine gel (2%) 50 g and fentanyl gel 50 µg. During the prostate biopsy, the VAS score was recorded. Blood pressure, heart rate, and patient level of consciousness were also analyzed. Results The mean VAS score was 5.1 ± 2 and 3.0 ± 2, which was lower in the intervention group (P value < 0.001). In terms of consciousness after biopsy, there was no difference between the two groups (P value = 0.358). There was no difference between the groups in terms of mean blood pressure and heart rate before and during the prostate biopsy. Finally, in terms of consciousness after the prostate biopsy, there was no difference between the current treatment and intervention groups. Conclusions The combination of lidocaine gel and fentanyl with a dose of 50 µg has a significant effect on reducing the pain associated with prostate biopsy in comparison with lidocaine gel alone. The antinociceptive effect of the above regimens is not associated with hemodynamic changes and changes in patients' consciousness.
Comparing longitudinal brain atrophy measurement techniques in a real-world multiple sclerosis clinical practice cohort: towards clinical integration?

Background: Whole brain atrophy (WBA) estimates in multiple sclerosis (MS) correlate more robustly with clinical disability than traditional, lesion-based metrics. We compare Structural Image Evaluation using Normalisation of Atrophy (SIENA) with the icobrain longitudinal pipeline (icobrain long), for assessment of longitudinal WBA in MS patients. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan pairs [1.05 (±0.15) year separation] from 102 MS patients were acquired on the same 3T scanner. Three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted and two-dimensional (2D)/3D fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery sequences were analysed. Percentage brain volume change (PBVC) measurements were calculated using SIENA and icobrain long. Statistical correlation, agreement and consistency between methods was evaluated; MRI brain volumetric and clinical data were compared. The proportion of the cohort with annualized brain volume loss (aBVL) rates ⩾ 0.4%, ⩾0.8% and ⩾0.94% were calculated. No evidence of disease activity (NEDA) 3 and NEDA 4 were also determined. Results: Mean annualized PBVC was −0.59 (±0.65)% and −0.64 (±0.73)% as measured by icobrain long and SIENA. icobrain long and SIENA-measured annualized PBVC correlated strongly, r = 0.805 (p < 0.001), and the agreement [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.800] and consistency (ICC 0.801) were excellent. Weak correlations were found between MRI metrics and Expanded Disability Status Scale scores. Over half the cohort had aBVL ⩾ 0.4%, approximately a third ⩾0.8%, and aBVL was ⩾0.94% in 28.43% and 23.53% using SIENA and icobrain long, respectively. NEDA 3 was achieved in 35.29%, and NEDA 4 in 15.69% and 16.67% of the cohort, using SIENA and icobrain long to derive PBVC, respectively. Discussion: icobrain long quantified longitudinal WBA with a strong level of statistical agreement and consistency compared to SIENA in this real-world MS population. Utility of WBA measures in individuals remains challenging, but show promise as biomarkers of neurodegeneration in MS clinical practice. Optimization of MRI analysis algorithms/techniques are needed to allow reliable use in individuals. Increased levels of automation will enable more rapid clinical translation.
Impact of Children's Postural Variation on Viewing Distance and Estimated Visual Acuity

Purpose Reliable estimation of visual acuity requires that observers maintain a constant distance from the target, but use of chin rests is not always feasible. Our aim was to quantify children's movement during community testing and its impact on near (40 cm) and intermediate (150 cm) acuity measures. Methods Thirty-three 7-year-old children performed several acuity tests run on a tablet computer, administered in the child's home by a trained lay screener. The tablet webcam was used to derive a continuous estimate of the child's position during testing. We estimated acuity using both the recommended viewing distance and using trial-by-trial estimates of the child's physical distance from the screen. Results Although initial positioning in the 40-cm viewing distance condition was accurate, on 18% of trials children moved sufficiently to support a 0.1 logMAR improvement in acuity, leading 16% of staircases to overestimate acuity by more than one line. Initial positioning for the 150-cm condition was less accurate, but the longer viewing distance minimized the impact of children's movement on the visual angle of the target. Overall, at 150 cm 8% of staircases were overestimated by more than 0.1 logMAR. Conclusions Children move substantially during intermediate and near acuity tests despite assessors encouraging maintenance of the correct viewing distance. Translational Relevance Real-time estimates of the child's physical distance from the target are possible when assessments are conducted on camera-enabled devices. Correction for movement will likely lead to more accurate measures of near and intermediate visual acuity.
More attention should be paid to adult gastric cancer patients younger than 35 years old: extremely poor prognosis was found

Purpose: Several studies have reported controversial results about prognosis of gastric cancer in young age patients. The difference may partially result from variable definitions of young age. The aim of this study was to find out the relation between age and prognosis of gastric cancer patients, and to analyze the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors in young gastric cancer patients. Methods: Data queried for this analysis included GC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database from 1973 to 2014. Gastric cancer patients (N=79,505) diagnosed with an age≥18 were included. By combining patients with similar prognosis, we figured out 3 cutoff values of age, 35 years old, 65 years old and 75 years old. We divided patients into 4 groups: young age patients: 18-34 years; middle-age patients: 35-64 years; elderly patients: 65-74 years; extremely elderly patients: >74 years. GC patients from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) were used as external validation data. Results: The clinicopathological features of young age gastric cancer patients included: poor-differentiated, diffuse type of cancer, and advanced stage at diagnosis. The median survival of patients <35 years old was significantly lower than middle-age patients (35-64 years) and elderly patients (65-74 years) (12 months vs. 15 and 16 months, respectively, both p <0.001). Location of tumor, ethnicity, tumor size, surgery and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors by multivariate analysis in young patients. The poor prognosis for young patients remained valid in the SYSUCC database. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that gastric cancer patients <35 years old had an extremely poor prognosis. Early detection of gastric cancer is of paramount importance in young age people.
Association of RAGE gene four single nucleotide polymorphisms with the risk, invasion, metastasis and overall survival of gastric cancer in Chinese

Objectives: The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is an oncogenic trans-membranous receptor expressed in many cells. The aim of this study was to clarify the association between RAGE gene 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk, invasion, metastasis and overall survival of gastric cancer. Methods and Results: We performed a hospital-based case-control study involving 369 gastric cancer patients and 493 cancer free controls. Four widely-studied SNPs, rs1800625 (T-429C), rs1800624 (T-374A), rs2070600 (Gly82Ser) and rs184003 (G1704T) in RAGE gene, were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction - ligase detection reaction method. The RAGE gene rs1800625 TT genotype and T allele were significantly associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer (TT vs. CC: adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55-0.95, p=0.021; T vs. C: adjusted OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46-0.97, p=0.032). No hints of significance were detected for the other three SNPs in association with gastric cancer risk. Moreover, rs1800625 and rs184003 were significantly associated with tumor clinical stage (p=0.010 and 0.032, respectively). Survival curves differed significantly between the genotypes of rs1800625. Conclusions: RAGE gene SNP rs1800625 was significantly associated with gastric cancer risk, and rs1800625 and rs184003 were related to tumor clinical stage, indicating that RAGE gene may be a gastric cancer-susceptibility gene.
Influence of Probiotic Culture Supernatants on In Vitro Biofilm Formation of Staphylococci

Background The effects of cell-free culture supernatants of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Streptococcus salivarius K12 on replication and biofilm forming of Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis were assessed in vitro. Methods S. aureus and S. epidermidis strains were exposed to cell-free culture supernatants of L. rhamnosus GG and S. salivarius K12 at different concentrations starting at 0, 4, and 24 h after the onset of incubation. Bacterial amplification was measured on microplate readers, as well as biofilm growth after safranine staining. Scanning electron microscopy was performed for visualization of biofilm status. Results The S. salivarius K12 culture supernatant not only reduced or prevented the formation and maturation of fresh biofilms but even caused a reduction of preformed S. epidermidis biofilms. The L. rhamnosus GG culture supernatant did not show clear inhibitory effects regardless of concentration or time of addition of supernatant, and even concentration-depending promotional effects on the planktonic and biofilm growth of S. aureus and S. epidermidis were observed. Conclusion In particular, the inhibitory effects of the S. salivarius K12 culture supernatant on the formation of staphylococcal biofilms are of potential relevance for biofilm-associated diseases and should be further assessed by in vivo infection models.
Transducin-like enhancer of split 3 regulates proliferation of melanoma cells via histone deacetylase activity

Melanoma, one of the most aggressive neoplasms, is characterized by rapid cell proliferation. Transducin-like Enhancer of Split (TLE) is an important regulator of cell proliferation via Histone deacetylase (HDAC) recruitment. Given that HDAC activity is associated with melanoma progression, we examined the relationship between TLE3, a TLE family member, and melanoma. TLE3 expression was increased during the progression of human patient melanoma (p < 0.05). Overexpression of Tle3 in B16 murine melanoma cells led to an increase in cell proliferation (p < 0.01) as well as the number of cyclinD1-positive cells. in vivo injection of mice with B16 cells overexpressing Tle3 resulted in larger tumor formation than in mice injected with control cells (p < 0.05). In contrast, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Tle3 in B16 cells or TLE3 in HMV-II human melanoma cells decreased proliferation (p < 0.01). Treatment of B16 cells with trichostatin A (2.5 μM), a class I and II HDAC inhibitor, prevented the effect s of Tle3 on proliferation. In conclusion, these data indicate that Tle3 is required, at least in part, for proliferation in the B16 mouse melanoma model.