Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selection responses and quantitative‐genetic analysis of preadult performance on two host plants in the bean weevil, Acanthoscelides obtectus

The most popular hypothesis that explains host specialization in herbivorous insects assumes the presence of a genetic trade‐off in larval performance across host plant species. We examined whether there is a genetic trade‐off in preadult performance traits on two hosts in the bean weevil, Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Well‐established laboratory populations of A. obtectus were maintained on two plant species, one being the native host (bean) and the other a novel, unsuitable host (chickpea). After 50 generations of laboratory rearing, preadult survival and development time on each host plant were compared between the two populations. A split‐brood design was used to estimate cross‐host genetic correlations in the two traits and to compare the populations in their patterns of genetic variation over the two plants. We detected a survival cost paid by A. obtectus on its native host for the increasing adaptation to the novel one, and a significant population × host interaction for survival. The host effect on survival was significant in the bean‐adapted population. The additive genetic variances for survival and female development time were only expressed on the novel host, and the half‐sib family mean correlations across hosts were zero for both traits in both populations. However, the sire × host interaction for survival was not recorded in either population, whereas the sire × host interaction and non‐additive genetic variance for development time evolved during the selection on the novel host.
Digital Deliberation?

ABSTRACT The Habermasian ideal of deliberation has long been seen as an extension of, and complement to, political action. But Diana Mutz's empirical studies of face-to-face interactions reveal a conflict between political participation and political deliberation: The more likely people are to be exposed to diverse political opinions, the less likely they are to participate, and those who participate most tend to have the least exposure to diverse political opinions. She hypothesizes, however, that the infrastructure of the Internet might allow for the creation of a forum for online political debate that is sufficiently generalizable to result in deliberation. Champions of the Internet's democratic potential similarly praise its diversifying influence on political discussion and the ways in which it lowers barriers to access. Yet there is little evidence to suggest that new technologies have truly transformed political action or produced meaningful deliberation at significant levels. It appears that many of the trends and behaviors Mutz identifies in face-to-face interaction apply to digital interaction as well.
Pyramid schemes and programmatic management: Critical reflections on the ‘guru industry’

This paper offers a critical review of the ‘guru industry’. Analysing its orientations and its related attempts to engage practitioners in a programme of re‐education designed to off‐set the excesses of guru theorising, this papers argues that the educational agenda so produced is simultaneously elitist, depoliticised and out of step with recent analytical developments. Reviewing accounts of consulting which highlight the interpretative flexibility of guru theorising, we will suggest that calls for practitioner re‐education remain deadlocked in a paradigm, which fails to acknowledge the local editing and translation of consulting products. In an attempt to break out of this limiting framework the paper suggests the need for an account of consultancy at work designed to acknowledge: a) workplace politics, b) the complexities of consumption, and c) the externalities associated with the production of a management education designed to reflect the orientations of an élite organizational cadre.
Book reviews

Over the last decade-and-a-half , feminist theories of international relations (IR) have become one of the most vibrant sub-® elds in the discipline. In the process, they have diversi® ed to include liberal, radical, and post-modernist/post-positivist s̀trands’. Each has sought to undermine the hegemony of realist and neorealist framingsÐ typically denouncing classical IR as `one of the most genderblind, indeed crudely patriarchal of all the institutionalized forms of contemporary social and political analysis’ and stressing its failure adequately to incorporate a `gender variable’ in the analysis. No commentator has done more than Cynthia Enloe to explore the numerous roles that ordinary women play in the international system and global political economyÐ as industrial and domestic workers; activists; diplomats and soldiers; wives of diplomats and soldiers; sex workers; and much else besides. In Bananas, Beaches, and Bases (1990) and The Morning After: Sexual Politics at the End of the Cold War (1993), Enloe made a forceful case for moving subjects previously deemed peripheral or irrelevant to a central position in the study of IR. This new book cements her reputation as the great social archaeologistÐ and popularizerÐ of feminist IR. Maneuvers is her most sweeping and ambitious work yet, and deserves a wide audience. Enloe’s major theme in this work is the process of militarization, which she de® nes as t̀he step-by-step process by which something becomes controlled by, dependent on, or derives its value from the military as an institution or militaristic criteria’ (p. 281, emphasis in original). She sees the process as pervasive across institutions in masculine-dominated societies. Ì now believe more ® rmly than ever that the military is only one part of the story of militarization’ (p. xi), she writes. `Feminists from India, Zimbabwe, and Japan to Britain, the United States, Serbia, Chile, South Korea, Palestine, Israel, and Algeria all have found that when they have followed the bread crumbs of privileged masculinity, they have been led time and again not just to the doorstep of the military, but to the threshold of all those social institutions that promote militarization’ (p. 33). Enloe is alive to many of the complexities and paradoxes of gender. Not for her the facile equation of women/femininity and peace, which has marked some (though few recent) feminist± IR explorations. Women’s co-option, and often active co-operation, in militarized institutions is straightforwardly acknowledged: `a militarizing maneuver can look like a dance, not a struggle, even though the dance may be among unequal partners’ (p. 10). No aspect of `domestic’ life is too mundane to be overlooked. In Chapter 7, `Filling the Ranks’, Enloe argues that `making up a picnic basket can be militarized if it is packed with the intention of keeping up the morale of a soldier. Doing laundry for a son home on leave becomes militarized when the mother’s washing is undertaken in
Reviews

Misha Kavka’s book Reality Television, Affect and Intimacy: Reality Matters offers a fresh angle on reality television with her focus on ‘affect’ and its link to intimacy. Kavka defines affect ‘as material’ that is both emotion and feeling that ‘matters’ (33). This focus enables her to foreground how affect is a mark of reality television. ‘Matters’ here is defined in the double sense of ‘physical or sensate’; Kavka claims that, by placing these ideas together, ‘objects of emotion’ can be taken as ‘materially sensible’ as these emotions are of significance to the audience (33). Kavka’s main contribution in this book is an in-depth exploration of the affective nature of reality television programming and, in particular, how this type of programming creates ‘intimate relations across a screen’ (x). The heart of the issue for Kavka is that ‘reality television works at the level of feeling rather than cognitive content’ and, as a consequence, the genre sidesteps the usual oppositional binaries that are explored within television studies (x). Kavka’s perspective places the pleasure that viewers gain from the media centre stage; she does not claim, however, that all reality television programming is worth watching, studying, etc. She limits her gaze to those programs that ‘link affect to intimacy’, avoiding programs that have a ‘high degree of sensation/alism’, such as Fear Factor and The Chamber (xi). It is ‘the affect of presentation’ that is of particular interest rather than an analysis of representations using semiotics etc. (7). Kavka’s scholarship is impressive; however, in my view it lacks critical reflection about the contrived nature of reality television. Further, there is little discussion about the dubious casting techniques, as well as the technologies of production (see Andrejevic 2003). Despite these shortcomings, the book is an invaluable resource for those new to television studies and for students in the field in that many pertinent concepts are thoroughly explored. Furthermore, the book is significant and relevant to anyone interested in ways to think about recent reality television programming. The book is divided into six chapters and each has a specific topic such as: technologies of intimacy; media and affect; the mediation of the public sphere; intimate strangers; reallove television; and the public sphere queered. Technologies of intimacy – the focus in chapter 1 – is a comprehensive discussion of key concepts, such as ‘real’, ‘reality’ and the media. A thorough treatment of temporality and liveness (13–20) is provided, concepts that are central to any discussion of reality television (as well as television programming in general). Kavka concludes that reality television’s temporal techniques to present the actual – more than any other programming on television – foregrounds ‘a technology of immediacy, which in turn is experienced as an affect of intimacy’ (19–20). Reality television is seen by Kavka as ‘a defining genre of television which makes manifest the relations among mediation, reality and intimacy’ (23). The author claims
Temporal and Spatial Responses of Growth of Ulva rigida C. Ag. to Environmental and Tissue Concentrations of Nutrients in the Lagoon of Venice

The uptake and/or release rates of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) during Ulva rigida growth and/or decomposition were determined in two different nutrient-enriched areas of the Venice lagoon. The field investigation included 20 experiments subdivided in four different seasonal periods. Experiments were carried out by suspending 150 g fw of Ulva biomass in 12 net wire cages, 6 fixed at the surface and 6 at the bottom of each area studied. Weight determinations and collection of samples from the cages for the nutrient tissue analysis were carried out at 4-10 day intervals, depending on the season. Temperature, light and the nutrient concentrations in the whole water column as well as in the surface sediment porewater were also determined. The daily cage and in situ biomass variations (DBVs) were up to 23% and 137%, respectively. The rates of biomass production were 2-3 times higher in the more nutrient-enriched area and within the cages suspended close to the water surface. The rates of the daily nutrient uptake by Ulva tissue were up to 43% for P, 19% for N, 6.8% for C and 9.3% for S. Significant (P < 0.01) correlation coefficients between the environmental and tissue nutrient concentrations and the biomass increase and/or decrease were found. However, besides interesting data suggesting a phosphorus (from tissue N : P atomic ratios up to 61 : 1 and P water concentrations Όμηιοΐί"") or a nitrogen (from critical biomass N concentrations < 20 mg g dw"") growth limitation, no effective limitations in the biomass production were monitored. These results confirm previous results on the key role of the water renewal by tides and of the nutrient fluxes from the water-sediment interface as the main factors controlling the availability of nutrient elements for the algal growth in the Venice lagoon.
Invited Commentary

1. Acute myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure a. Aspirin given within 24 hours of admission 78% 84% 45 b. Aspirin prescribed on discharge 84% 85% 32 c. Beta-blockers given within 24 hours of admission 51% 64% 49 d. Beta-blockers prescribed on discharge 58% 72% 48 e. ACE inhibitor prescribed on discharge for patients with LVEF <40% (AMI) 63% 71% 44 f. Counseling given on nicotine cessation during hospitalization 19% 40% 52 g. Time to delivery of thrombolytic therapy (min)† 39 40 20 h. Time to percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (min)† 85 20 NA i. Assessment of LVEF 64% 65% 39 j. ACE inhibitor prescribed at discharge for patients with LVEF <40% (HF) 62% 69% 44 2. Atrial fibrillation a. Warfarin prescribed on discharge‡ 45% 55% 49 3. Thromboembolic stroke a. Antithrombotic prescribed at discharge‡ 72% 83% 52 b. Avoidance of sublingual nifedipine§ 90% 95% 47 4. Community-acquired pneumonia a. Antibiotic given within 8 hours of arrival at hospital 80% 85% 44 b. Antibiotics consistent with recommendations 80% 79% 19 c. Blood cultures drawn (if done) before antibiotic given 84% 82% 23 d. Screening of patients and administration of influenza vaccine if needed 12% s, 68% v 14% s, 66% v 36, 18 e. Screening of patients and administration of pneumococcal vaccine if needed 8% s, 44% v 11% s, 46% v 40, 31 5. Breast cancer a. Mammography at least every 2 years 51% 56% 44 6. Diabetes mellitus a. Hemoglobin A1C levels at least every year 73% 71% 21 b. Eye examination at least every 2 years 68% 69% 31 c. Lipid profile at least every 2 years 66% 57% 4
The integrated productivity of a Macrocystis integrifolia plant

The relative contributions of various plant parts to the integrated productivity of Macrocystis integrifolia Bory were determined by extrapolating the net photosynthetic capacity of each part, as observed in vitro, to its proportional contribution to the biomass of a M. integrifolia kelp bed. The nongrowing plant parts (primarily mature and senescing blades) which represented 66% of the total plant biomass were responsible for 58% of the plant's net productivity. This productivity was assumed, in part, to support growing portions of the plant and, in part, to be stored as reserves for the initiation of late-winter growth. Within the three classes of blades studied (growing, mature, and senescing), which constituted 79% of the total plant biomass, there were no significant differences in photosynthetic pigment concentrations or in net photosynthetic rates. Dark respiration rates were significantly different between these three classes of blades: the older the blade, the lower the respiratory rate. Macrocys.
Use of Pseudomonas fluorescens-based formulations for management of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and enhanced yield in tomato

Abstract Strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens were investigated for biocontrol efficacy against tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in tomato both alone and in mixtures. P. fluorescens strains applied to seed, soil and foliage or as a seedling dip significantly reduced TSWV, with a concomitant increase in growth promotion in both the glasshouse and field. Two native strains (CoP-1 and CoT-1) and one foreign strain (CHAO) reduced TSWV. In P. fluorescens-treated tomato plants, increased activity of polyphenol oxidase, β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase was observed, and induction of chitinase was confirmed by western blot analysis. Induction of new protein (18 kDa) detected by SDS–PAGE in P. fluorescens-treated tomato plants was not found in healthy and P. fluorescens-untreated virus inoculated control plants. Indirect ELISA clearly showed a reduction in viral antigen concentration in P. fluorescens-treated tomato plants corresponding to reduced disease ratings. All the P. fluorescens-treated tomato plants also showed enhanced growth and yield compared to control plants. Hence, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) could play a major role in reducing TSWV and increasing yield in tomato plants.
The effect of prior heat shock on the thermoresistance of Salmonella thompson in foods

The resistance of Salmonella thompson to heating at 54° or 60°C in tryptone soya broth, liquid whole egg, 10% or 40% reconstituted dried milk or minced beef was increased if cells were held at 48°C for 30 min before heating at the higher temperatures. Induction of thermotolerance by mild heat shock is thus not confined to cells grown and heated in broth systems. The heat shock phenomenon may therefore have implications for the safety of foods given marginal heat treatment.
Raising educational attainment: how young people's experiences speak back to the Compact with young Australians

In the context of international consensus that the knowledge economy requires more highly educated people, the Australian federal, state and territory governments agreed on a set of policies and targets for lifting the minimum level of educational attainment of young people, which are analysed in Part 1 of this paper. This Compact with young Australians will have the most impact on the quarter of young people who in the past would have left school early. The second part of the paper explores the transition experiences of early leavers who move on to a ‘second chance’ school. Based on their experiences, the paper concludes that to genuinely enable more young people to complete senior secondary education requires recognition of a broad range of benefits, rather than focusing mainly on economic outcomes, and support for re-entry through second chance education rather than coercing young people to remain in mainstream schooling.
Reviews

The participation of women in scientific careers, or the relative lack thereof, has been a topic of both interest and concern for decades. I have been aware of it since I began to think of myself as a (child) mathematician in the 1970s. Like religion and politics, the subject has incited such strong and impassioned reactions that it has not always been a suitable topic for dinner conversation. And, as we know, the recent history has been remarkable: the proportion of women in all professions—law, medicine, business, and academia—has increased dramatically in the last forty years. Women now earn the majority of all bachelor’s degrees in the United States, are roughly half the students in medical and law schools, and earn Ph.D.’s in a variety of fields at rates that exceed those of men. In fact, in 2008–09 a slight majority, 50.4%, of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States were earned by women [4]. As an old cigarette ad opined: “You’ve come a long way, baby. ” Except, it seems, in the most mathematically intensive fields within science. Despite the fact that women have made significant gains in their representation, they continue to earn fewer than a third of the Ph.D.’s in mathematics, and fewer than 25% in computer science and in engineering; in addition, they constitute a still smaller proportion of the faculty in top research departments in these fields than the statistics stated above. For many years, this situation was thought to be a pipeline issue that would, in time, resolve itself. But the underrepresentation of women in the most highly mathematical of STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) fields has stubbornly and unexpectedly persisted. It’s natural and reasonable to ask why. In January, 2005, at a Cambridge conference of the National Bureau of Economics Research, Lawrence Summers, then president of Harvard University, notoriously discussed possible explanations for the continued disparity of representation of men and women in tenured positions in science and engineering at the top research institutions [5]. He proposed three possible explanations: (1) what he called the “high-powered job hypothesis” (i.e., that women more than men choose not to embark on, or choose to leave, careers that demand extraordinarily high levels of commitment and intensity), (2) the “different availability of aptitude at the high end,” and (3) continuing issues of socialization and discrimination. He expressed his belief that the first two explanations accounted for much of the gender disparity. Summers’ talk, especially his suggestion that men and women may have different innate abilities for mathematics, ignited a firestorm of comment and controversy, including a rare public rebuke from three fellow university presidents [3]. It certainly reinvigorated the popular debate about why
Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: The Logics of the Mind. By Jorge L. Ahumada. Foundations for Conceptual Research in Psychoanalysis. By Anna Ursula Dreher. De la guérison psychanalytique [On the Psychoanalytic Cure]. By Nathalie Zaltzman. A Mind of One's Own: A Kleinian View of Self and Object. By Robert Caper. Epitre aux insensés [Epistle to the Insane]. By Gérard Bayle. The Musical Edge of Therapeutic Dialogue. By Steven H. Knoblauch. Hat och kä rlek i psykoanalytiska institutioner: En professions dilemma [Hatred and love in psychoanalytic institutions: The dilemma of a profession]. By Jurgen Reeder. Clinical Studies in Neuro‐Psychoanalysis: An Introduction to a Depth Neuropsychology. By Karen Kaplan Solms and Mark Solms. The Captive Muse: On Creativity and its Inhibition. By Susan Kolodny. Terrifying Transferences: Aftershocks of Childhood Trauma. By Lawrence E. Hedges, Ph.D. Northvale
Evaluating mustard extracts for earthworm sampling

Summary The efficiency of using mustard extract as a repellent for earthworm sampling was investigated for two contrasting earthworm species. For the anecic Anisochaetae sp. , a deep burrowing species which created vertical burrows, mustard extract produced a 67% higher abundance than the formalin (74 versus 44 m —2 ). Handsorting underestimated abundance by 21% and biomass by 67% because of its failure to include the adults /subadults which escaped quickly to below 10 cm depth but were effectively sampled by using mustard. Excessively concentrated mustard extract reduced sampling efficiency by reducing the number of juveniles. The most optimal concentration was achieved by shaking 106 g dry mustard powder in 1 L of 5% acetic acid overnight which was then diluted with water in the ratio of 15 mL to 1 L. For Aporrectodea trapezoides , an endogeic species which tends to create horizontal burrows not all directly connected to the surface, using mustard extract was a completely ineffective method of sampling compared to handsorting because most of the earthworms were adversely affected and remained in the 0–10 cm layer. From these results, mustard extract at optimal concentration is a more efficient and environmental friendly repellent for only certain earthworm species, particularly the anecic earthworms.
Nanometrology

The ever growing trend towards miniaturisation means that manufacturing technology has to change from using routine engineering to nanometre scale metrology and beyond. Some of the implications of this will be discussed. Central to this change is the development, operation and properties of scanning probe microscopes and in particular the atomic force microscope. The nature and integrity of what these instruments reveal will be investigated and will be related to traditional measurements. The discussion will suggest that the major problem is still the quantitative understanding of the interaction between the sample and the probe. Also, it will be demonstrated that a new requirement is the need to more closely interlock macro- and nanometrology in order to cater for the exact specifications of the freeform geometrical components now emerging to meet the future engineering and physical challenges. Background is given where appropriate.