Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Women in Early REDD+ Implementation: Lessons for Future Engagement

SUMMARY Researchers and practitioners have amply discussed the potential of REDD+ to help or harm forest-based communities, but less attention has been paid to its gender dimensions. Safeguard policies are aimed at ensuring that REDD+ does not harm women, but interventions that do not seek to address imbalances at the outset may be doomed to perpetuate them. Based on research by the Center for International Forestry Research in 77 villages in 20 REDD+ sites across six countries, this article finds that women — even where they use forests as much or more — have been less involved in REDD+ initiative design decisions and processes than men, a situation with potentially significant implications for implementation and future outcomes. This article uses the research findings to argue that “participation”, while a central demand of indigenous and other local communities more generally, is only a partial solution to addressing women's strategic needs in ways that could strengthen their position in REDD+. Rather, gender-responsive analyses are needed to understand real and perceived gender differences and anticipate risks.
PATHO PHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF DEPRESSION: AN AYURVEDIC OVERVIEW

In its holistic approach, Ayurveda gives prime importance to positive mental h ealth. Anything that disturbs the balance of body and mind is known to produce a disease. Emotions are the basic feelings of human beings. All of us have felt unhappy, “down,” or discouraged at times in o ur lives . But when anybody feels anxious , hopeless, helpless, worthless , guilty, irritable, hurt, or restless comes under the categorization of depre ssion. Vishada and Avasada are two conditions that are similar to depression in Ayurveda. Vishada is defined as persistent sad mood, feeling of incompetence due to apprehension of failure resulting into incapability of mind and body to function properly. C haraka quotes ‘ Vishado Rogavardhananam Agrya: ’ mean Vishada is the foremost factor to worsen the disease condition. This is the first principle regarding Psycho - neuro - immunology in Ayurveda. P rogress in understanding the neuro - biology of depression is slow . Several promising hypothesis of depression and antidepressant action have been formulated recently. A ne uro - biological understanding also requires identification of several mechanisms involv ed in the phy sio - pathogenesis of depression. D epression or other mood disorders are very serious because it start s at early age, hard to diagnose in youth/ youngsters, confused with normal frequency behaviour, drug use or other psychiatric illnesses associated with high suicidal risk, treatment is started very late and requires long term follow up / treatment for long term. In the ligh t of above facts in present article we tried to give a brief o verview into patho physiology of depression and outline a comprehensive Ayurvedic approach to manage Depression and other moo d disorders. It also highlight s the hidden concept of Ayurvedic psychology that can be utilised in medicine for treatment of depression and promotion of mental health. Keywo rds : Depression, Mood Disorder, Mental Health and Neurobiology .
Magnetic excitation spectrum of LuFe2O4 measured with inelastic neutron scattering

We report neutron inelastic-scattering measurements and analysis of the spectrum of magnons propagating within the Fe2O4 bilayers of LuFe2O4. The observed spectrum is consistent with six magnetic modes and a single prominent gap, which is compatible with a single bilayer magnetic unit cell containing six spins. We model the magnon dispersion by linear spin-wave theory and find very good agreement with the domain-averaged spectrum of a spin-charge bilayer superstructure comprising one Fe3+-rich monolayer and one Fe2+-rich monolayer. These findings indicate the existence of polar bilayers in LuFe2O4. We also discuss a model of charge-segregated nonpolar bilayer order which we argue is not consistent with our data but which we cannot exclude definitively. Weak scattering observed below the magnon gap suggests that a fraction of the bilayers contain other combinations of charged monolayers not included in the model. Refined values for the dominant exchange interactions are reported.
Robust lower-rank approximation of data matrices with element-wise contamination

In this paper we propose a robust method to approximate an n p data matrix with one of given rank q. The method is based on Yohais (1987) regression MM estimates. It is intended to be resistant against the existence of both atypical rows and of scattered atypical cells, and to be able to cope with missing values. We propose an algorithm based on alternating M-regressions, and a starting estimate based on successive rank-one ts, which involves O (npq) operations. Simulations show our estimate to outperform competing estimates, both in e¢ ciency and resistance. Three high dimensional real datasets are analyzed. The running time of our estimate for large datasets is shown to be less than that of its competitors. AMS subject clasi cation: Primary 62F35, Secondary 62J05
Geometry-Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks for One-Sided Unsupervised Domain Mapping

Unsupervised domain mapping aims to learn a function GXY to translate domain X to Y in the absence of paired examples. Finding the optimal GXY without paired data is an ill-posed problem, so appropriate constraints are required to obtain reasonable solutions. While some prominent constraints such as cycle consistency and distance preservation successfully constrain the solution space, they overlook the special properties of images that simple geometric transformations do not change the image’s semantic structure. Based on this special property, we develop a geometry-consistent generative adversarial network (Gc-GAN), which enables one-sided unsupervised domain mapping. GcGAN takes the original image and its counterpart image transformed by a predefined geometric transformation as inputs and generates two images in the new domain coupled with the corresponding geometry-consistency constraint. The geometry-consistency constraint reduces the space of possible solutions while keep the correct solutions in the search space. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons with the baseline (GAN alone) and the state-of-the-art methods including CycleGAN [66] and DistanceGAN [5] demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Effects of heated water-based exercise on blood pressure: a systematic review

Abstract Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension is one of the main cardiovascular risk factors affecting several population. In this context, heated water-based exercise has emerged as a potential alternative to land- based physical exercise to reduce blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients. Objective: To systematically synthesize evidence for the lowering effects of heated water-based exercise on BP in a non-specific population. Methods: Scielo, Pubmed and Scopus electronic databases were searched for studies from 2005 to 2016, with the following descriptors in English: “blood pressure, exercise, immersion, blood pressure and hydrotherapy”. A total of 10,461 articles were found and, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 articles were selected and included in the final analysis. All included articles evaluated individuals from different populations and age groups, submitted to a heated water-based exercise session and/or program. Results: The results suggest that both an acute single session and chronic training period (12 to 24 weeks) of heated water-based exercise may reduce BP in different populations (normotensive, hypertensive, postmenopausal women, and heart transplant populations). The magnitude and duration of acute and chronic hypotensive effect of exercise ranged substantially, which was probably due to the variety of exercise frequency, duration and intensity, as well as due to the studied population. Conclusion: These results suggest that heated water-based exercise may promote acute and chronic hypotensive effects in different populations. However, there is no homogeneity in the protocols used, which may have led to the heterogeneity in magnitude and duration of BP reductions.
A lattice Boltzmann scheme with a three dimensional cuboid lattice

The lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM) is a mesoscopic computational scheme which solves the hydrodynamic (continuum) flow by using a set of discrete particle (or model molecular) velocities. The continuum flow evolution such as pressure and hydrodynamic velocity emerges as the average behaviors (i.e., moments) of the mesoscopic model particles which undergo repeated collisions and propagations on a prescribed lattice. While LBM is now a viable alternative to convectional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods, it also has its limitations in terms of computational efficiency, which motivates this thesis work. In the LBM simulation for fluid flow, the domain is usually discretized with a square lattice in 2D or a cubic lattice in 3D. Some previous studies were made to investigate the possibility of establishing a LBM model with non-standard lattice grid, namely, a rectangular lattice grid in 2D and a non-cubic (cuboid) lattice grid in 3D. The non-standard lattices are computationally more efficient when simulating a nonisotropic and inhomogeneous flows, e.g., the turbulent channel flow. In some previous non-standard lattice LBM developed by others, the NavierStokes equation is not correctly recovered because the resulting viscosity is anisotropic. The anisotropy is caused by the use of different lattice sizes in different directions; and it cannot be fixed without additional degrees of freedom. Recently at the University of Delaware, several new lattice Boltzmann schemes have been developed on a 2D rectangular grid using the multiple-relaxation-time (MRT) collision model, either by redesigning some moments to add a new free parameter, or by extending the equilibrium moments to include higher-order terms. These models can then satisfy all isotropy conditions as required by the Navier-Stokes equations.
The alignment of product strategy to supply chain practices of craft businesses in Gauteng Province, South Africa

External factors such as blurring market boundaries, escalating customer diversity and increasing global competitive threats have forced businesses to build strategies around key products and formulate market-driven strategies that are integrated with relationship and supply chain strategies to deliver superior customer value. Indeed, in the modern era of supply chain management, organisations are getting more integrated with their suppliers and customers as a way to manage the total supply chain. The purpose of this research was to determine if product strategies and supply chain practices of small craft business are aligned. Personal in-depth interviews were conducted with nine craft businesses operating in Gauteng Province, South Africa. The findings revealed that craft businesses struggle to match their product strategies with their supply chain strategies. Craft businesses also exhibited some inbound supply chain weaknesses.
Nuclear Myocardial Perfusion Imaging with a Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride Detector Technique: Optimized Protocol for Scan Time Reduction

We aimed at establishing the optimal scan time for nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) on an ultrafast cardiac γ-camera using a novel cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) solid-state detector technology. Methods: Twenty patients (17 male; BMI range, 21.7–35.5 kg/m2) underwent 1-d 99mTc-tetrofosmin adenosine stress and rest MPI protocols, each with a 15-min acquisition on a standard dual-detector SPECT camera. All scans were immediately repeated on an ultrafast CZT camera over a 6-min acquisition time and reconstructed from list-mode raw data to obtain scan durations of 1 min, 2 min, etc., up to a maximum of 6 min. For each of the scan durations, the segmental tracer uptake value (percentage of maximum myocardial uptake) from the CZT camera was compared by intraclass correlation with standard SPECT camera data using a 20-segment model, and clinical agreement was assessed per coronary territory. Scan durations above which no further relevant improvement in uptake correlation was found were defined as minimal required scan times, for which Bland–Altman limits of agreement were calculated. Results: Minimal required scan times were 3 min for low dose (r = 0.81; P < 0.001; Bland–Altman, −11.4% to 12.2%) and 2 min for high dose (r = 0.80; P < 0.001; Bland–Altman, −7.6% to 12.9%), yielding a clinical agreement of 95% and 97%, respectively. Conclusion: We have established the minimal scan time for a CZT solid-state detector system, which allows 1-d stress/rest MPI with a substantially reduced acquisition time resulting in excellent agreement with regard to uptake and clinical findings, compared with MPI from a standard dual-head SPECT γ-camera.
An innovative approach towards applying chaum mixing to SMS

Currently there are few user-friendly applications for anonymous communication across multiple platforms, leaving data that is often both personal and private vulnerable to malicious activity. Mobile devices such as smartphones are prime candidates for such an application as they are pervasive and have standardized communication protocols. Through the application of mixing techniques, these devices can provide anonymity for groups of individuals numbering 30 to 40 members. In this work, a Chaum mix inspired, smartphone based network that uses the Short Message Service (SMS) is described first in theory and then in implementation. This system leverages both techniques used by current anonymity networks as well as knowledge gained from current and past research to make messages private and untraceable. The work addresses previously published attacks to anonymous systems through current and innovative mitigation techniques. ©2014 by Matthew P. Rothmeyer All Rights Reserved
Eficacia de los tratamientos cognitivo-conductuales en el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo en niños y adolescentes: una revisión cualitativa

This paper presents the results a qualitative review study on effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. A total of 84 studies were located and retrieved, of which 17 were case reports, 37 were single case designs, 19 were quasi-experimental one-group studies, 6 were quasi-experimental comparison studies and 5 randomized controlled trials. The most widely treatment procedure, in the studies, was exposure with response prevention, which also was the most effective. We found a low representation of comparison studies, both quasi-experimental and experimental designs, as well as a lack of medium and long-term follow-ups, observational measures and a poor control of covert symptomatology and comorbidity.
A character approach to Looijenga's invariant theory for generalized root systems

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Tympanic border cells are Wnt-responsive and can act as progenitors for postnatal mouse cochlear cells

Permanent hearing loss is caused by the irreversible damage of cochlear sensory hair cells and nonsensory supporting cells. In the postnatal cochlea, the sensory epithelium is terminally differentiated, whereas tympanic border cells (TBCs) beneath the sensory epithelium are proliferative. The functions of TBCs are poorly characterized. Using an Axin2lacZ Wnt reporter mouse, we found transient but robust Wnt signaling and proliferation in TBCs during the first 3 postnatal weeks, when the number of TBCs decreases. In vivo lineage tracing shows that a subset of hair cells and supporting cells is derived postnatally from Axin2-expressing TBCs. In cochlear explants, Wnt agonists stimulated the proliferation of TBCs, whereas Wnt inhibitors suppressed it. In addition, purified Axin2lacZ cells were clonogenic and self-renewing in culture in a Wnt-dependent manner, and were able to differentiate into hair cell-like and supporting cell-like cells. Taken together, our data indicate that Axin2-positive TBCs are Wnt responsive and can act as precursors to sensory epithelial cells in the postnatal cochlea.
Morphologic development of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) as influenced by seed size.

stopped emerging 26 days after seeding in study 1 and 27 days in study 2. There was no significant difference in rate of emergence or in final emergence of seeds treated with any fungicide or rate of fungicide when compared to the control. In the greenhouse, seeds germinate and seedlings emerge without many of the stresses normally encountered in the field. In these tests, growing seeds in field soil, possibly low in pathogen potential, along with greenhouse growing conditions favorable for rapid seedling emergence, may have obscured the modest benefit from seed treatment observed in the field.
Self-organised criticality and seismicity

In this thesis we give an overview of self-organised criticality and its application to studying seismicity. We recall some of the basic models and techniques for studying self-organised critical systems. We discuss one of these, the sandpile model, in detail and show how various properties of the model can be calculated using a matrix formulation thereof. A correspondence between self-organised critical systems and seismicity is then proposed. Finally, we consider the timeevolution of the sandpile model by using a time-to-failure analysis, originally developed in the study of seismicity and obtain results for the sandpile model that show similarities with that of the analyses of seismic data.
Closed-population capture--recapture models with measurement error and missing observations in covariates

In capture–recapture experiments, covariates collected on individuals, such as body weight and length, are often measured imprecisely or are missing at random. Furthermore, the number of recorded covariate measurements collected on each observed individual is usually equal to or less than the individual’s capture frequency. Correcting for multiple error-prone covariate is seldom seen in capture–recapture models and even fewer research have considered cases where individual’s have no measurements at all. In this paper, we develop an unbiased estimating equation using the conditional score within the capture–recapture framework. We then extend this approach to simultaneously account for both measurement error and missing data using two well-known missing data methods: (1) inverse probability weighting; and (2) multiple imputation. These new methods are shown to yield consistent and asymptotically normal estimators, ∗Corresponding author Email: wenhan@nchu.edu. tw 1 Statistica Sinica: Newly accepted Paper (accepted version subject to English editing)
Connecting Creativity With Intuitive Knowing

“Eureka! ” as he dashed out from the bath, Archimedes shouted, while running naked. This event marked a historical moment of intuition and creativity of human beings. Although modern business leaders value the relation between intuition and creation, there is little guidance on the topic. That is, there does not seem to be sufficient research on the correlation between intuition and creation – especially on the relation between intuition and creative process. By specifying “schematic intuition” and “non-schematic intuition” according to their respective characteristics, this paper will investigate the relation between intuition and creative process, and verify the correlation between the two with questionnaire survey results. The findings of this paper can be summarized as follows: (a) Incubation and illumination are correlated with non-schematic intuition. (b) Schematic intuition has correlation only with illumination. The author investigates the causes of the result and argues that corporate organization can enhance intuition and creativity by ameliorating its environment.
Worst Case Latency Analysis for Hoplite FPGA-based NoC

Overlay NoCs, such as Hoplite, are cheap to implement on an FPGA but provide no bounds on worst-case routing latency of packets traversing the NoC due to deflection routing. In this paper, we show how to adapt Hoplite to enable calculation of precise upper bounds on routing latency by modifying the routing function to prioritize deflections, and by regulating the injection of packets to meet certain throughput and burstiness constraints. We provide an analytical model for computing end-to-end latency in the form of (1) in-flight time in the network T f , and (2) waiting time at the source node T . To bound in-flight time in an m×m NoC, we modify the routing function and switching crossbar richness in the Hoplite router to deliver T f = ∆X + ∆Y + (∆Y ×m) + 2 where ∆X and ∆Y are differences of the source and destination address co-ordinates of the packet. To bound the waiting time at the source, we add a Token Bucket regulator with rate ρi and burstiness σi for each flow fi of node (x, y) to deliver (d 1 ρ i e − 1) + T s : T s = d σ(Γ C f ) 1−ρ(ΓC f ) e which depends on the regulator period 1/ρi, burstiness σ and the rate ρ of all interfering flows Γf . A 64b implementation of our HopliteRT router requires ≈4% fewer LUTs, and similar number of FFs compared to the original Hoplite router. We also need two small counters at each client port for regulating injection. We evaluate our model and RTL implementation across synthetic traffic patterns and observe behavior that conforms with the analytical bounds. https://git.uwaterloo. ca/watcag-public/hoplitert-bounds
Overcoming psychosocial barriers to maternal exercise: intervention strategies to improve participation and adherence

Overcoming psychosocial barriers to maternal exercise: intervention strategies to improve participation and adherence Poor adherence to physical activity programmes during pregnancy is a serious national issue, one that has detrimental effects on a large percentage of the population. Not only does a lack of activity result in a decrease in quality of life for women during term, but the effects can carry over well after pregnancy, potentially leading to increased morbidity and mortality. What's more, reduced prenatal activity can cause adverse effects on the foetus, with impairments seen in physical health as well as cognition. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine the socio-demographic data and psychosocial influences that modify exercise behaviours in pregnant women and, second, to make recommendations as to effective intervention strategies that can be adopted by health and fitness professionals to help improve maternal exercise participation and adherence.
Effect of cobalt nutrition on rosemary (rosmarinus officinals L.) B-endogenous hormons, chemical and nutritional contents

Two field experiments were conducted in Research and Production Station, National Research Centre, Nobaria Location, Beheara Governorate, Delta Egypt under drip irrigation system. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of cobalt levels (0.0, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5 and 15.0 ppm) on Rosemary endogenous hormons, chemical constituents and nutritional status during 2012 and 2013 seasons. The obtained results are summarized in the following: Cobalt significantly increase Rosemary herb endogenous hormons such as Auxins, Gibberllins, Cytokinens and Abscisic acid as well as chemical and nutritional contents compared with control. Cobalt at 10 ppm gave the greatest figures. Increasing cobalt levels more than 10 ppm reduces the positive effect. Finally, Cobalt enhancement Rosemary – oil- quality.