Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural Language: Reiter Natural Language: Reiter

Other extensions to Pascal incorporated in Telos include more flexible data structures (in particular, dynamic arrays, lists and strings), a data abstraction capability, and coroutine control structures. Pattern directed associative retrieval of data base objects is possible, as is patterndirected identification of procedures to be tried. The user can create his own "overseers", i.e., strategies for evaluating and executing procedures which are "called" in this way.
Optimization in Practice with MATLAB®: For Engineering Students and Professionals

Part I. Helpful Preliminaries: 1. MATLAB(R) as a computational tool 2. Mathematical preliminaries Part II. Using Optimization - the Road Map: 3. Welcome to the fascinating world of optimization 4. Analysis, design, optimization, and modeling 5. Introducing linear and nonlinear programming Part III. Using Optimization - Practical Essentials: 6. Multiobjective optimization 7. Numerical essentials 8. Global optimization basics 9. Discrete optimization basics 10. Practicing optimization - larger examples Part IV. Going Deeper: Inside the Codes and Theoretical Aspects: 11. Linear programming 12. Nonlinear programming with no constraints 13. Nonlinear programming with constraints Part V. More Advanced Topics in Optimization: 14. Discrete optimization 15. Modeling complex systems: surrogate modeling and design space reduction 16. Design optimization under uncertainty 17. Methods for Pareto frontier generation/representation 18. Physical programming for multiobjective optimization 19. Evolutionary algorithms.
Calvulation of the Radar Cross Section of a Perfectly Conducting Sphere

Abstract : A Fortran computer program has been written to compute the radar cross section of a conducting sphere. The program is useful when a metal sphere is used as a standard target for calibrating a radar for target-cross-section measurement. It has been used to machine-plot with high precision a curve of cross section (normalized to the optical cross section) as a function of the radius/wavelength ratio. The computed data used to plot the curve are also presented in tabular form. The mathematics of the problem are briefly reviewed, and a listing of the computed program is given.
Capacitazioni e formazione: quali prospettive?

Il saggio – rielaborazione della mia relazione in occasione della Summer School Siref a Venezia nel settembre 2012 – parte da una prospettiva di “pedagogia del lavoro”: questa disciplina, interpretata nella complessita dei significati emergenti nel corso del suo evolversi, e lontana da una visione meramente funzionalistica del rapporto esistente tra l’individuo ed il lavoro.Lo sviluppo di un “concetto pedagogico del lavoro” puo essere interpretato, infatti, in una dimensione dualistica: sia come promozione della dimensione educativo-formativa insita nel lavoro stesso, sia come preparazione del soggetto al sociale (intendendo per sociale sia la prospettiva “idealistica” di uno Stato etico che quella di matrice attivistica che vede il sociale come preparazione alla partecipazione democratica alla vita pubblica). Partendo da queste premesse (tema sul quale si rimanda ad altritesti), il saggio tratta delle seguenti questioni: come interpretare il tema dello sviluppo umano secondo una valenza che superi un approccio mera-mente centrato sul PIL? come interpretare nel suo significato piu pieno, il concetto di “capability” nell’approccio elaborato da Martha Nussbaum? quale valenza tale approccio puo avere oggi in ambito educativo e pedagogico? e, quindi, come valorizzare il potenziale delle persone come garanzia di un welfare che possa potenziare le capabilities dei soggetti? quali implicazioni di tipo “politico” – nel senso piu ampio del termine – possono avere l’idea di un welfare centrato sulla capability?
Fitting Compartmental Models to Multiple Dose Pharmacokinetic Data using SAS ® PROC NLMIXED

Pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling uses systems of ordinary differential equations derived from biological considerations along with statistical models to model the time course of drug in the body. The statistical model requires algorithms for fitting nonlinear mixed effects models. While the NLMIXED procedure in SAS is available, it does not allow for individual subject data to affect the structural form of the model. In the case of a multiple dose study where subjects experience different dosing times, a superposition principle can be used to recursively account for each additional dose. A SAS template program was written to manipulate data and then construct mean functions for fitting pharmacokinetic data from multiple dose studies. One-compartment models for oral dose administration are considered to illustrate the methodology and challenges for fitting multiple dose data using PROC NLMIXED. The template program contains sample SAS code for fitting two types of models: a general model and a simplified model. The general structural model can handle many situations such as when a subject has irregular dosing intervals, changes dosage during therapy or has non-ignorable differences between actual dosing time and scheduled dosing time, etc. The simplified model is for the most common scenario in which all subjects are constrained to have the same multiple dosing schedules with regular dosing intervals and constant doses. Under each model, we also discuss how to handle missed dose problems.
Principles for managing essential processing in multimedia learning: Segmenting, pre-training, and modality principles.

The split-attention principle states that in the design of instruction, including multimedia instruction, it is important to avoid materials that require learners to split their attention between, and mentally integrate, multiple sources of information. The sources of information should be both physically and temporally integrated in order to reduce unnecessary search for referents and so reduce extraneous cognitive load. Whether sources of information are intelligible in isolation, and whether the information is high in element interactivity, depends not only on the instructional material, but also on learner characteristics. Cognitive load theory, which gave rise to the split-attention principle, which is based on an understanding of human cognitive architecture, especially the relations between working and long term memory, provides theory-based and experimentally tested instructional guidelines. Those guidelines that are associated with the split-attention effect and that have been discussed in this chapter have the potential to substantially improve multimedia instruction.
Argobba verb morphology and syntax : a documentation with head-driven phrase structure grammaras analytic framework

This study investigates the morphology and syntax of Argobba verbs. The term Argobba signifies both the people and the language. The Argobba people live in different regional states in Ethiopia. The Argobba language is a member of the South Ethio-Semitic subgroup and is one of the seriously endangered languages in the country. It is a syntactically head-final and morphologically complex language. The dissertation is organized in eleven chapters. The presentation in each chapter follows the pattern data and descriptive analysis first followed by a formal analysis. Chapter 1 provides introductory information about the Argobba people, the language, previous work on the language, a short note on the phonology of the language, the basic word order of the language and the status of the language. Chapter 2 reviews some aspects of HPSG, the theoretical framework adopted for the study. Chapter 3 addresses the morphology of the non-verbal categories, which comprise noun, adjective, determiner and adposition. Chapter 4, which is organized in nine sections, explores the verb morphology focusing on root, stem formation, derivation and inflection. Like in other Semitic languages, the input in the verbal stem formation process is the consonantal root, and verbal stems are formed by vowel specification between radicals. The verbal stems obligatorily require subject agreement affixes to derive verbal words. Chapter 5 examines verb phrase structures by identifying verbal heads and different non-head constituents depending on their syntactic function and syntactic property of the verbal heads. Chapter 6 deals with the causative structures of the language. The chapter provides the data and descriptive analysis followed by an HPSG analysis. In its final section, it addresses the semantics of the causative structures. Chapter 7 treats the passive constructions by providing basic data and an analysis in HPSG formalism, addressing morphologically related structures and passives and morphological causatives. Chapter 8 explores anaphora. It provides theoretical assumptions as a background, and morphological and syntactic analyses of personal pronouns, reflexives and reciprocals. Chapter 9, which deals with the relative clause structures, identifies different types of relative clause constructions followed by an HPSG analysis of the respective types. Chapter 10, which is on negation, has three sections which respectively address the negative marker, n-words and formal analysis. Finally, Chapter 11 summarizes the discussion and the main findings of the study.
La collaboration en matière de recherche scientifique et technique au Bénin : 2005–2009 / Collaboration in Scientific and Technology Research in Benin: 2005–2009

La présente publication étudie la collaboration en matière de recherche scientifique et technique au Bénin. Les données utilisées sont les références bibliographiques de publications scientifiques indexées dans Web of Science comprenant au moins un co-auteur dont l’adresse est au Bénin. Seuls les articles publiés de 2005 à 2009 (une période de cinq ans) ont été sélectionnés. Plus de 80 % des publications sont co-écrites avec au moins un scientifique résidant à l’extérieur. L’Université d’Abomey-Calavi se trouve au centre de la collaboration scientifique institutionnelle. Les auteurs de publications scientifiques forment des sous-groupes de tailles variées, certains montrant plus de cohésion que d’autres. Les sous-groupes les plus en vue sont ceux des auteurs spécialisés en Sciences naturelles, Sciences médicales et sanitaires ou Sciences de l’ingénieur et technologiques.
The Behavior of TCP and Its Extensions in Space

The performance of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) in space has been examined from the observations of simulation and experimental tests for several years at National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Department of Defense (DoD) and universities. At New Mexico State University (NMSU), we have been concentrating on studying the performance of two protocol suites: the file transfer protocol (ftp) running over Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) stack and the file protocol (fp) running over the Space Communications Protocol Standards (SCPS)-Transport Protocol (TP) developed under the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) standards process. SCPS-TP is considered to be TCP's extensions for space communications. This dissertation experimentally studies the behavior of TCP and SCPS-TP by running the protocol suites over both the Space-to-Ground Link Simulator (SGLS) test-bed and realistic satellite link. The study concentrates on comparing protocol behavior by plotting the averaged file transfer times for different experimental configurations and analyzing them using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) based procedures. The effects of different link delays and various Bit-Error-Rates (BERS) on each protocol performance are also studied and linear regression models are built for experiments over SGLS test-bed to reflect the relationships between the file transfer time and various transmission conditions.
An implementation of a rational, reactive agent

We are working on the development and design of an approach to agents that can reason, react to the environment and are able to update their own knowledge as a result of new incoming information. In the resulting framework, rational, reactive agents can dynamically change their own knowledge bases as well as their own goals. An agent can make observations, learn new facts and new rules from the environment, and then update its knowledge accordingly. The knowledge base of an agent and its updating mechanism has been implemented in Logic Programming. The agent’s framework is implemented in Java. This aim of this thesis is to design and implement an architecture of a reactive, rational agent in both Java and Prolog and to test the interaction between the rational part and the reactive part of the agent. The agent architecture is called RR-agent and consists of six more or less components, four implemented in Java and the other two are implemented in XSB Prolog. The result of this thesis is the ground for the paper “An architecture of a rational, reactive agent” by P. DellAcqua, M. Engberg, L.M. Pereira that has been submitted.
MICROCOMPUTER VERSUS MAINFRAME USAGE IN LOGISTICS

This research measures the extent of usage of microcomputers compared to mainframes in logistics, and describes how microcomputers are used as an aid in logistics decision-making. A national sample of members of the Council of Logistics Management responded to a questionnaire concerning the availability of microcomputers and mainframes, decisions and responsibilities performed with each type of computer, software and hardware used. These were related to selected demographic characteristics. The results document considerable diffusion of hardware technology as well as widespread use and satisfaction with available software.
The Reader's Digest Oxford wordfinder

This is an innovative one-stop reference book, offering all the benefits of a dictionary and a thesaurus in a single volume. Thanks to the handy integrated format, all information can be found in a single entry: the definition; grammatical information; pronunciation; spelling guidance for difficult forms; phrases; derivatives and synonyms for all alternative meanings. Fully labelled to ensure ease of reference, this easy-to-use dictionary will be beneficial to anyone searching for the elusive word or phrase that could make all the difference to a letter, a report, an essay, or even a crossword. Only available to "Reader's Digest" subscribers.
Simulación de medios participativos

Probablemente uno de los propósitos mas difı́ciles de la Computación Gráfica es la simulación foto-realista de la naturaleza basándose en las leyes fı́sicas. Este es el caso de la simulación de la interacción de la luz con los diferentes elementos naturales, la cual sigue un comportamiento realmente complejo, más aún si se considera la propagación de la misma a través de medios no homogéneos. Los métodos tradicionales de plasmado de escenarios con ray tracing consideran que los rayos se trasladan en lı́nea recta desde la fuente de luz hacia el ojo sin sufrir alteración alguna. En la realidad, los rayos de luz varı́an su estructura y trayectoria dependiendo de las caracterı́sticas del medio que éste atraviesa. En los últimos años, se ha prestado especial atención al desarrollo de nuevos métodos que consideren las particularidades del medio en el cual se encuentra el escenario a plasmar, con el objeto de obtener representaciones sintéticas mas realistas.
Sampling Methods in Ray-Based Global Illumination

SAMPLING METHODS IN RAY-BASED GLOBAL ILLUMINATION David Cline Department of Computer Science Doctor of Philosophy In computer graphics, algorithms that attempt to create photographic images by simulating light transport are collectively known as Global Illumination methods. The most versatile of these are based on ray tracing (following ray paths through a scene), and numerical integration using random or quasi-random sampling. While ray tracing and sampling methods in global illumination have progressed much in the last two decades, the goal of fast and accurate simulation of light transport remains elusive. This dissertation presents a number of new sampling methods that attempt to address some of the shortcomings of existing global illumination algorithms. The first part of the dissertation concentrates on memory issues related to ray tracing of large scenes. In this part, we present memory-efficient lightweight bounding volumes as a data structure that can substantially reduce the memory overhead of a ray tracer, allowing more complicated scenes to be ray traced without complicated caching schemes. Part two of the dissertation concerns itself with sampling algorithms related to direct lighting, an important subset of global illumination. In this part, we develop two stage importance sampling to sample the product of the BRDF function and a large light source such as an environment map. We then extend this method to include all three terms of the direct lighting equation, sampling the triple product of the BRDF, lighting and visibility. We show that the new sampling methods have a number of advantages over existing direct lighting algorithms, including comparatively low memory overhead, little precomputation, and the ability to sample all three terms of the direct lighting equation. Finally, the third part of the dissertation discusses sampling algorithms in the context of general global illumination. In this part, we develop two new algorithms that attempt to improve the sampling distribution over existing techniques by exploiting information gained during the course of sampling. The first of these methods, energy redistribution path tracing, works by using path mutation to spread energy, and thus share sampling information, between pixels. The second method, sample swarming, shares information gained during sampling by keeping importance maps for each pixel in the rendered image. Whenever a new pixel is to be rendered, the maps from neighboring pixels are averaged, propagating importance information through the scene. We demonstrate that both of these methods can perform substantially better than existing global illumination algorithms in a number of common rendering contexts.
Schematic structure and the modulation of propositions in economics forecasting text

Working within the framework of the branch of Linguistics known as discourse analysis, and more specifically within the current approach of genre analysis, this thesis presents an analysis of the English of economic forecasting. The language of economic forecasting is highly specialised and follows certain conventions of structure and style. This research project identifies these characteristics and explains them in terms of their communicative function. The work is based on a corpus of texts published in economic reports and surveys by major corporate bodies. These documents are targeted at an international expert readership familiar with this genre. The data is analysed at two broad levels: firstly, the macro-level of text structure which is described in terms of schema-theory, a currently influential model of analysis, and, secondly, the micro-level of authors' strategies for modulating the predictions which form the key move in the forecasting schema. The thesis aims to contribute to the newly developing field of genre analysis in a number of ways: firstly, by a coverage of a hitherto neglected but intrinsically interesting and important genre (Economic Forecasting); secondly, by testing the applicability of existing models of analysis at the level of schematic structure and proposing a genre-specific model; thirdly by offering insights into the nature of modulation of propositions which is often broadly classified as `hedging' or `modality', and which has been recently described as lq`an area for prolonged fieldwork'. This phenomenon is shown to be a key feature of this particular genre. It is suggested that this thesis, in addition to its contribution to the theory of genre analysis, provides a useful basis for work by teachers of English for Economics, an important area of English for Specific Purposes.
Determinants of environmental product innovation a comparative study on manufacturers of electrical and electronic appliances in Germany and California

While consumption and degradation of natural resources and the environment continue to grow worldwide, worries about declining competitiveness of European industry vis-à-vis US and Asian competitors persist. Against this background, the question of what drives environmental innovation in industry and what role regulation plays in this regard has become ever more relevant. Ten years ago, Porter and van der Linde popularized the win-win proposition, stating that environmental regulation could induce innovation by making industry aware of and willing to exploit otherwise missed opportunities. This, they claimed, would result in environmental benefits and increased competitiveness. The Porter hypothesis has spurred a substantial amount of research on the influence of environmental regulation on innovation, but the results have so far remained inconclusive. We discuss the key problems in extant research and outline a comprehensive analytical framework for studying the effects of environmental regulation on innovation alongside firm-internal conditions and external market forces. This framework also takes into account varying opportunities for direct customer benefits across areas of environmental innovation. Very few political scientists have, thus far, ventured into this research area. Those who have, have focused on the sectoral, national or systemic (international) level. To complement this research we propose to improve the micro-foundations of our understanding of environmental innovation by applying the framework outlined in this paper at the firm and innovation field level within and across firms, industries, and countries.
The acquisition of French in different contexts : focus on functional categories

1. List of contributors 2. Functional categories in the acquisition of French (by Paradis, Johanne) 3. I. L1 and SLI 4. Functional categories and the acquisition of distance quantification (by Labelle, Marie) 5. Apparent non-nominative subjects in L1 French (by De Cat, Cecile) 6. Comparing L2 and SLI grammars in child French: Focus on DP (by Paradis, Johanne) 7. Comparing the development of the nominal and the verbal functional domain in French Language Impairment (by Hamann, Cornelia) 8. II. SLA and bilingualism 9. On the L2/bilingual acquisition of French by two young children with different source languages (by Belletti, Adriana) 10. Explaining the acquisition and non-acquisition of determiner-noun gender concord in French and Spanish (by Hawkins, Roger) 11. Functional categories and the acquisition of object clitics in L2 French (by Herschensohn, Julia) 12. The acquisition of the French DP in a bilingual context (by Hulk, Aafke) 13. Null-arguments in bilingual children: French topics (by Muller, Natascha) 14. The semantic and aspectual properties of child L2 root infinitives (by Prevost, Philippe) 15. Cliticisation in the acquisition of French as L1 and L2 (by Granfeldt, Jonas) 16. Name index 17. Subject index
Thinking Syntactically: A Guide to Argumentation and Analysis

Preface. 1: Introduction: The Scientific Study of Language. Discussion. Exercises. 2: Diagnostics for Syntactic Structure. Discussion. Exercises. 3: Lexical Projections and Functional Projections. Discussion. Exercises. 4: Refining Structures: From One Subject Position to Many. Discussion. Exercises. 5: The Periphery of the Sentence. Discussion. Exercises. Bibliography. Index.
Multiple imputation in Stata

Multiple imputation is a method for trying to retrieve power lost by missing values in a dataset. In this session, I will demonstrate how the suite of mi commands introduced in Stata 11 can be used to impute data, estimate models, and pool results, as well as manage various forms of multiply imputed datasets.