Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subtopic Mining via Subtractive Initialization of Non-negative Sparse Latent Semantic Analysis *

Ambiguous and multifaceted queries widely exist in academic and commercial search engines. Identifying the popular subtopics of queries is an important issue for search engines. In this paper, we propose a novel method to discover the popular subtopics for a given query. Our method first constructs a search behavior tripartite graph based on the search log data. Then, we utilize a subtractive initialized Non-negative Sparse LSA model to mine subtopics from the tripartite graph. The experimental results on two real-world Chinese search logs (i.e., the CADAL search log and the Sogou search log) show that our proposed method can significantly outperform the other comparison methods in term of MAP, α-nDCG and S-recall. We also applied our method into the CADAL digital library to provide a novel faceted book search service which can reduce the users’ efforts in finding books.
Italian guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents and the diagnostic-clinical management of HIV-1 infected persons. Update December 2014.

*All members of the Italian HIV Guidelines Working Group are listed in the acknowledgment session. 1 National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; 2Nadir Onlus, Rome, Italy; 3University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; 4San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; 5University of Milan, Milan, Italy; 6 S.M. Annunziata Hospital, Florence, Italy; 7University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; 8Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy; 9San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Stackelberg Security Games (SSG) Basics and Application Overview

Security is a critical concern around the world, whether it is the challenge of protecting ports, airports and other critical infrastructure, interdicting the illegal flow of drugs, weapons and money, protecting endangered species, forests and fisheries, suppressing urban crime or security in cyberspace. Unfortunately, limited security resources prevent full security coverage at all times; instead, we must optimize the use of limited security resources. To that end, we founded the “security games” framework to build decision-aids for security agencies. Security games is a novel area of research that is based on computational and behavioral game theory, while also incorporating elements of AI planning under uncertainty and machine learning. We have deployed securitygames based decision aids for infrastructure security such as at the ports and ferry traffic with the US coast guard (in the ports of New York, Boston, Los Angeles/Long Beach, Houston and others), for security of airports and air traffic with the US Federal Air Marshals and the Los Angeles World Airport (LAX) police, and tested this framework for security of metro trains with the Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department. Moreover, recent work on “green security games” has led to testing our decision aids for protection of fisheries with the US Coast Guard and protection of wildlife at sites in multiple countries, and opportunistic crime security games have focused on suppressing urban crime. This chapter will discuss applications of security games, and outline research challenges in security games including algorithms for scaling up security games as well as for handling significant adversarial uncertainty and learning models of human adversary behaviors.
Association of Levels of Fasting Glucose and Insulin With Rare Variants at the Chromosome 11p11.2-MADD Locus: Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium Targeted Sequencing Study

Background—Common variation at the 11p11.2 locus, encompassing MADD, ACP2, NR1H3, MYBPC3, and SPI1, has been associated in genome-wide association studies with fasting glucose and insulin (FI). In the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Targeted Sequencing Study, we sequenced 5 gene regions at 11p11.2 to identify rare, potentially functional variants influencing fasting glucose or FI levels. Methods and Results—Sequencing (mean depth, 38×) across 16.1 kb in 3566 individuals without diabetes mellitus identified 653 variants, 79.9% of which were rare (minor allele frequency <1%) and novel. We analyzed rare variants in 5 gene regions with FI or fasting glucose using the sequence kernel association test. At NR1H3, 53 rare variants were jointly associated with FI (P=2.73×10−3); of these, 7 were predicted to have regulatory function and showed association with FI (P=1.28×10−3). Conditioning on 2 previously associated variants at MADD (rs7944584, rs10838687) did not attenuate this association, suggesting that there are >2 independent signals at 11p11.2. One predicted regulatory variant, chr11:47227430 (hg18; minor allele frequency=0.00068), contributed 20.6% to the overall sequence kernel association test score at NR1H3, lies in intron 2 of NR1H3, and is a predicted binding site for forkhead box A1 (FOXA1), a transcription factor associated with insulin regulation. In human HepG2 hepatoma cells, the rare chr11:47227430 A allele disrupted FOXA1 binding and reduced FOXA1-dependent transcriptional activity. Conclusions—Sequencing at 11p11.2-NR1H3 identified rare variation associated with FI. One variant, chr11:47227430, seems to be functional, with the rare A allele reducing transcription factor FOXA1 binding and FOXA1-dependent transcriptional activity.
Promoter Architecture of the Porphyromonas gingivalis Fimbrillin Gene

ABSTRACT Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae can mediate adherence to many of the available substrates in the oral cavity. Expression ofP. gingivalis fimbriae is regulated at the transcriptional level by environmental signals, such as temperature and hemin concentration. The arrangement of the upstream promoter and regulatory sequences required for transcription and control of the fimbrial structural gene (fimA) was investigated. Primer extension analysis demonstrated that the transcriptional start site of the fimA gene is located 41 bp upstream from the translational start codon. A region (upf) spanning 648 bp upstream of the start codon to 44 bp downstream of the translational start site was cloned upstream of a promoterless lacZreporter gene. A series of deletion and base substitution mutations were then generated in the upf region. The constructs were introduced into the chromosome of P. gingivalis, and promoter activity measured by assaying levels of β-galactosidase. The results showed that fimA contains sequences resembling ς70 promoter consensus sequences, consisting of a −10 region (TATGAC) located at −18 to −23 and a −35 region (TTGTTG) located at −41 to −46 from the transcriptional start point. The AT-rich upstream sequences spanning bases −48 to −85 and bases −90 to −240 were required for full expression of thefimA gene, indicating the existence of positive regulation regions. Moreover, the −48 to −64 region may constitute an UP element, contributing to promoter activity inP. gingivalis. Thus, our data suggest that the P. gingivalis fimA gene has a transcription complex consisting of −10 and −35 sequences, an UP element, and additional AT-rich upstream regulatory sequences.
Reduced Clearance of Exogenous Dopamine in Rat Nucleus Accumbens, but Not in Dorsal Striatum, Following Cocaine Challenge in Rats Withdrawn from Repeated Cocaine Administration

Abstract: We investigated whether changes in the dopamine transporter in the nucleus accumbens or striatum are involved in cocaine‐induced behavioral sensitization by using in vivo electrochemistry to monitor the clearance of locally applied dopamine in anesthetized rats. Rats were injected with cocaine‐HCI (10 mg/kg i.p.) or saline daily for 7 consecutive days and then withdrawn for 7 days. Pressure ejection of a finite amount of dopamine at 5‐min intervals from a micropipette adjacent to the electrochemical recording electrode produced transient and reproducible dopamine signals. After a challenge injection of cocaine (10 mg/kg i.p.), the signals in the nucleus accumbens of cocaine‐treated animals became prolonged and the clearance rate of the dopamine decreased, indicating significant inhibition of the dopamine transporter. In contrast, simultaneous measurements in the dorsal striatum indicated a transient increase in both the amplitude of the signals and the clearance rate of the dopamine. The signals in both brain regions in the saline‐treated animals given the cocaine challenge were similar to those in untreated animals given an acute injection of cocaine (10 mg/ kg i.p.) or saline. Behaviorally, not all of the cocaine‐ treated animals were sensitized; however, both sensitized and nonsensitized animals displayed similar changes in dopamine clearance rate. Quantitative autoradiography with [3H]mazindol revealed that the affinity of the dopamine transporter for cocaine and the density of binding sites were similar in cocaine‐ and saline‐treated rats. The decrease in dopamine clearance rate observed in the nucleus accumbens of the cocaine‐treated rats after a challenge injection of cocaine is consistent with increased do‐ paminergic transmission, but does not appear to be sufficient in itself for producing behavioral sensitization.
Introduction of a school fruit program is associated with reduced frequency of consumption of unhealthy snacks.

BACKGROUND A diet high in fruit and vegetables (FV) is inversely related to chronic diseases, and some studies suggest that increasing the intake of FV reduces the intake of unhealthy snacks. OBJECTIVES The objectives were to analyze changes in the frequency of consumption of unhealthy snacks (soda, candy, and potato chips) from 2001 to 2008 in Norwegian children, to assess whether being part of a school fruit program reduces the frequency of unhealthy snack consumption, and to explore differences in sex and socioeconomic status. DESIGN Within the project Fruits and Vegetables Make the Marks, 1488 sixth- and seventh-grade pupils from 27 Norwegian elementary schools completed a questionnaire in 2001, and 1339 sixth- and seventh-grade pupils from the same schools completed the same questionnaire in 2008. In 2001, none of the schools had any organized school fruit program. In 2008, 15 schools participated in a program and 12 did not participate in any program. RESULTS From 2001 to 2008, the frequency of unhealthy snack consumption decreased from 6.9 to 4.6 times/wk (P < 0.001). The decrease was largest in the schools that had been included in the national free school fruit program (-2.8 times/wk). The effect of the school fruit programs was significant in reducing the frequency of unhealthy snack consumption in children of parents without higher education (from 7.8 to 4.0 times/wk; P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS The frequency of unhealthy snack consumption decreased from 2001 to 2008 in schoolchildren in Norway. The decrease was most evident among children at schools participating in the national free school fruit program and in children with a low socioeconomic status.
The Effects of Early Enteral Nutrition Products on the Healing of Colo-Colonic Anastomosis.

OBJECTIVES Complications after colorectal surgery have not been reduced in recent years. Anastomotic leakage is responsible for nearly all morbidity in colonic surgery and for about one third of the mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS For the study, 34 albino Wistar rats (about 155-190 g in weight) were divided into four experimental groups. Each of the rats underwent an abdominal incision and resection of the colon 4 cm distal to the cecum to form a colo-colonic anastomosis. In the post-operative period, the first group (n=8) were fed with standard rat food and water, the second group (n=9) with dextrose+Ringer solution, the third group (n=9) with Biosorb® (Nutricia, Zoetermeer, The Netherlands), and the fourth group (n=8) with Impact® (Novartis Nutrition, USA). RESULTS The blow-out pressure of the anastomoses was significantly different in the group fed 5% dextrose+Ringer solution group than in the Biosorb® and Impact® groups. CONCLUSIONS None of the various nutrients investigated in the present study were significantly superior to standard foods in terms of the blow-out pressures. On the other hand, immunonutrients were more beneficial effects than other nutrients in terms of the healing of colonic anastomoses and post-operative weight loss.
Activated Renal Dendritic Cells Cross Present Intrarenal Antigens After Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Background The healthy kidney contains an extensive population of renal mononuclear phagocytes (RMPs), with substantial phenotypic and functional diversity. However, how this diverse population is affected by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), an obligate part of renal transplantation, is not yet well understood. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenotypic and functional alterations in RMPs induced by IRI. Methods Renal mononuclear phagocytes were studied 24 and 72 hours after 30 minutes of renal ischemia or sham operation. Kidneys were digested and the phenotypes of renal leukocyte populations were analyzed via flow cytometry. Multiphoton microscopy was used to image renal dendritic cells (DCs) in vivo using CD11c reporter mice. The capacity of renal DCs to present antigen was examined by assessment of proliferation of ovalbumin-specific T cells in rat insulin promoter-membrane-bound ovalbumin transgenic mice after sham or IRI procedures. Results Ischemia-reperfusion injury induced influx of monocytes, DCs, macrophages, and neutrophils into the kidney. Classification of RMP subpopulations based on CD11b/CD11c expression demonstrated that the RMPs that increased in response to IRI were predominantly newly recruited monocyte-derived inflammatory DCs. In vivo multiphoton imaging of CD11c-EYFP mice revealed that intrarenal DCs exhibited increased number and activity of dendrites in the postischemic period. Ischemia-reperfusion injury also promoted DC-dependent cross-presentation of renal antigens to CD8+ T cells in the draining lymph node. Conclusions In response to renal IRI, RMP populations are skewed toward those derived from inflammatory monocyte precursors. In addition, renal DCs undergo functional activation, increasing their capacity to activate antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in renal draining lymph nodes.
Correlation between electrophysiology and morphology of three groups of neuron in the dorsal commissural nucleus of lumbosacral spinal cord of mature rats studied in vitro

The dorsal commissural nucleus (DCN) in the lumbosacral spinal cord receives afferent inputs from the pelvic organs via pudendal and pelvic nerves. Electrophysiological and morphological properties of neurons in the DCN of L6‐S1 were examined using whole‐cell recordings with biocytin‐filled electrodes in transverse slices of mature rat spinal cord. Neurons were categorized into three groups according to their discharge in response to suprathreshold depolarizing pulses; neurons with tonic (19/42) and phasic (13/42) firing patterns, and neurons (10/42) that fired in bursts arising from a Ca2+‐dependent hump. The predominantly fusiform somata of neurons labeled during recording (n = 31) had on average 3.1 primary dendrites, 7.5 terminating dendritic branches, 3.1 axon collaterals, and 14.2 axon terminations per neuron. The groups were morphologically distinct on the basis of their dendritic branching patterns. Phasic neurons (n = 10) had the most elaborate dendritic branching and the largest numbers of axon collaterals. All tonic neurons (n = 11) had axons/collaterals projecting to the intermediolateral area but none to the funiculi, suggesting that they function as interneurons in local autonomic reflexes. Many axons/collaterals of all phasic neurons lay within the DCN, suggesting that they integrate segmental and descending inputs. Seven of 10 neurons with Ca2+‐dependent humps had axons/collaterals extending into one of the funiculi, suggesting that they project intersegmentally or to the brain. Ca2+ hump neurons also had more axons/collaterals within the DCN and fewer in the intermediolateral area than tonic neurons. This correlation between firing pattern and morphology is an important step toward defining the cellular pathways regulating pelvic function. J. Comp. Neurol. 437:156–169, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On Antenna Design Objectives and the Channel Capacity of MIMO Handsets

The branch correlation coefficient (BCC), the branch power ratio (BPR), and the total mean power (TMP) are often used to characterize the mobile multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel. This work investigates to which degree these parameters are useful for maximizing the channel capacity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) handheld devices used in data mode. A statistical point of view is applied, using about 2800 outdoor to indoor channel sounder measurements obtained with combinations of ten different handsets, four to eight test users, and a variety of different use cases (UCs). All measurements were made in an urban environment in a setup with two different base stations (BSs) and with the users inside a single building. For each measurement combination, the mean capacity (MC) and associated values of BCC, BPR, and TMP are obtained. From the data it is found that the MC is only weakly correlated with both the BCC and the BPR, while the MC is highly correlated with the TMP.
Non–perturbative definition of five–dimensional gauge theories on the R × S/Z2 orbifold

We construct a Z2 orbifold projection of SU(N) gauge theories formulated in five dimensions with a compact fifth dimension. We show through a non–perturbative argument that no boundary mass term for the Higgs field, identified with some of the fifth dimensional components of the gauge field, is generated, which would be quadratically divergent in the five–dimensional ultraviolet cutoff. This opens the possibility of studying these theories non–perturbatively in order to establish if they can be used as effective weakly interacting theories at low energies. We make preparations for a study on the lattice. In particular we show that only Dirichlet boundary conditions are needed, which specify the breaking pattern of the gauge group at the orbifold fixpoints.
High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) as a novel diagnostic tool for toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

sures 2 to 3 months after surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first time that this has been demonstrated with a fractional ablative laser or in a prospective study. It is also the first time that this has been demonstrated on nonfacial sites, as shown in the Figure. Nine of the 10 subjects elected to have treatment of the control side with the laser at follow-up. It is a limitation that both sides of the scar were ultimately treated, which prevents longer-term evaluation. We have used this method to achieve minimal scarring on face-lift incision lines with excellent results. This work could potentially change the current approach in all surgical disciplines if these results can be validated with a long-term (6-12 months) multicenter study.
Effect of AQM based RLC Buffer Management on the eNB Scheduling Algorithm in LTE Network

With the advancement of the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network and smart-phones, most of today’s internet content is delivered via cellular links. Due to the nature of wireless signal propagation, the capacity of the last hop link can vary within a short period of time. Unfortunately, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) does not perform well in such scenarios, potentially leading to poor Quality of Service (QoS) (e.g., end-to-end throughput and delay) for the end user. In this work, we have studied the effect of Active Queue Management (AQM) based congestion control and intra LTE handover on the performance of different Medium Access Control (MAC) schedulers with TCP traffic by ns3 simulation. A proper AQM design in the Radio Link Control (RLC) buffer of eNB in the LTE network leads to the avoidance of forced drops and link under-utilization along with robustness to a variety of network traffic-loads. We first demonstrate that the original Random Early Detection (RED) linear dropping function cannot cope well with different traffic-load scenarios. Then, we establish a heuristic approach in which different non-linear functions are proposed with one parameter free to define. In our simulations, we demonstrate that the performance of different schedulers can be enhanced via proper dropping function.
Khat and Oral Microbiota. A microbial study with relevance to periodontitis and dental caries

The thesis is based on the following papers, which are referred to in the text by Arabic numerals: 1- Al-hebshi N, Skaug N. Khat (Catha edulis) – an updated review. Addict Biol 2005; 10: 299-307. 2- Al-hebshi N, Skaug N. Effect of khat chewing on selected periodontal bacteria in sub- and supragingival plaque of a young male population. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2005; 20: 141-146. 3- Al-hebshi N, Al-haroni M, Skaug N. Antimicrobial and resistance modifying activities of aqueous crude khat extracts against oral microorganisms. Arch of Oral Biol 2005; in press (Epub Oct 24). 4- Al-hebshi N, Nilsen O, Skaug N. In vitro effects of crude khat extracts on the growth, colonization and glucosyltransferases of treptococcus mutans. Acta Odontol Scand 2005; 63: 136-142.
Effect of dietary supplementation with inulin and/or benzoic acid on the incidence and severity of post-weaning diarrhoea in weaner pigs after experimental challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding pigs with inulin and/or benzoic acid on post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD), indices of fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract, and production in pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of Escherichia coli (ETEC). Forty-eight entire male pigs (Large White×Landrace) aged 21 ± 3 days of age and weighing 4.97 ± 0.08 kg (mean ± SE) were used in a 2×2 factorial experiment, with the respective factors being inulin (0 versus 8%) and benzoic acid (0 vs. 0.5%). Feeding inulin-supplemented diets improved (p = 0.022) the faecal consistency (FC) and reduced (p = 0.001) the incidence of PWD; however, the use of benzoic acid had no effects on PWD or faecal ETEC shedding. Wet faeces (a higher FC score) were associated with increased faecal ETEC shedding (R2 = 0.394, p = 0.001). Inulin reduced the total concentrations of short chain fatty acids (p = 0.029) in the proximal colon. The total concentration of lactic acid was increased by inulin in the caecum (p = 0.007) and proximal colon (p = 0.002). Feeding inulin or benzoic acid had no effects on production after weaning.
Transmission of high speed data in cdma2000

Requirements for CDMA high-speed data (HSD) services make one of the distinguish marks between second generation and third generation (3G) wireless systems. cdma2000 provides 3G capacity, high data rates of up to 2 Mb/s and services. This paper describes a generalized frame structure for the support of sub-frames within cdma2000. This structure is parameterized such that it can be configured for efficient operation, depending on the radio environment and mobile station complexity, in order to provide several degrees of freedom. Impact on both convolutional code and turbo-code physical layer implementation is investigated. The results show the benefits of using the sub-frames technique.