Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of a specific blend of essential oil on rumen degradability, total tract digestibility and fermentation characteristics in rumen fistulated cows

Essential oils had been received much attention due to their antimicrobial properties against a wide range of microorganisms that manipulate rumen fermentation towards a better utilization of energy and protein. Six fistulated non-lactating Friesian dairy cows were used to investigate the effect of adding Crina® Ruminants (blend of essential oil) with 1g per cow per day to total mixed ration (grass silage, maize silage, soybean meal, rapeseed meal and wheat) of 7 kg per day on the in-situ rumen dry matter degradability (ISDMD) and total tract digestibility using TiO2 as marker. Fistulated cows were used as 3x2 Latin Square with factorial arrangement of treatment (with or without Crina® addition) in two periods. Each period extended for 45days (30 days pre-experimental phase and 15 days experimental phase). Ruminal fluid samples were collected to investigate the rumen fermentation parameters (ruminal pH value, volatile fatty acid (VFAs), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3N) as well as acetate propionate ratio). The results indicated that adding of Crina® to ruminant diet had significantly decreased ISDMD of grass silage and total mixed ration especially at long incubation time (12 and 48 hours). The ISDMD and in-situ rumen crude protein degradability of soybean and rapeseed meal significantly increased due to Crina® addition. Crina® had no effect on total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), starch, ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF) and fiber fractions. Rumen fermentation parameters did not affected due to addition of Crina®. Results concluded that Crina® could limit the degradability of grass silage, increased degradability of soybean and rapeseed meal and had no effect on rumen fermentation characteristics.
Effect of Wages, Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction on Workers'performance in Manufacturing Industry in Makassar City

The purpose of this study is to analyze and assess (1) the effect of wages to the employee’s work motivation; (2) the effect of wages to the employee’s job satisfaction; (3) the effect of work motivation to the employee’s performance; (4) the effectof job satisfaction to the employee’s performance; (5) the effect of wages to the employee’s performance; (6) the effect of job satisfaction to the employee’s work motivation in manufacturing industry in Makassar Industrial Area.The populations in this study are all operational employees (executive level) of 20 manufacturing industries in Makassar Industrial Area. The sample was taken from 300 workers by random sampling. The model data analysis in this study used SEM (Structural Equation Modeling). The result of this study indicates that wages, work motivation, and employee’s job satisfaction significantly influenced by the employee’s performance at manufacturing industries in Makassar Industrial Area. It also indicates that job satisfaction affects employee’s work motivation, positively. Keywords : wages, work motivation, job satisfaction, and performance.
Effects of electromigration on the growth of intermetallic compounds in Cu/SnBi/Cu solder joints

In this study, the effects of electromigration (EM) on the growth of Cu–Sn intermetallic compounds (IMCs) in Cu/SnBi/Cu solder joints under 5 × 10^3 A/cm^2 direct current stressing at 308, 328, and 348 K were investigated. For each Cu/SnBi/Cu solder joint under current stressing, the IMCs at the cathode side grew faster than that at the anode side. The growth of these IMCs at the anode side and the cathode side were enhanced by electric current. The growth of these IMCs at the cathode followed a parabolic growth law. The kinetics parameters of the growth of the IMCs were calculated from the thickness data of the IMCs at the cathode side at different ambient temperatures. The calculated intrinsic diffusivity ( D _0) of the Cu–Sn IMCs was 9.91 × 10^−5 m^2/s, and the activation energy of the growth of the total Cu–Sn IMC layer was 89.2 kJ/mol (0.92 eV).
Prediction of Drought Risk Based on the WRF Model in Yunnan Province of China

Yunnan province is the core region of the drought in the Southwest China, which makes the region become the hot spot in the meteorological research. However, among the various influencing factors of the drought in Yunnan province, the influence of the land use/cover change (LUCC) on the drought has not been quantitatively analyzed. The LUCC in recent decades was first quantitatively analyzed in this study. Given the fact that severe drought in Yunnan province is mainly due to much-less-than-normal precipitation and much-warmer-than-normal surface temperature, this study focused on the future spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the temperature and precipitation, which have great impacts on the drought. Finally, the influencing factors of drought in Yunnan province were simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, and the risk of drought was spatially analyzed with the meteorological drought composite index. The results indicate that the large-area forest plays a more important role in alleviating the risk of drought than other vegetation types do. Besides, the changes of the landscape structure resulting from the urban expansion play a significant role in intensifying the risk of drought.
Effectiveness of Variable Transformation in Customer Marketing Using Classification Model

: We usually focus on how to apply data mining techniques to data. However, it is important to manipulate data such as cleaning observations, dealing with missing values, and transforming variables. The pre-processing and transformation steps in KDD affect the performance of a model much. We compare the performances of various classification methods based on the different data set in the paper. Several data sets are generated from a real bank data. The differences in data sets are which variables are transformed. The results show that variable transformation improves the performance of a model. Additionally, the more transformations for the appropriate variables happens the more improvement in the performance of a model.
Evolution of dust properties in an interstellar filament

We present submillimetre observations obtained using the balloon-borne experiment PRONAOS/SPM, from 200 to 600 μ m with an angular resolution of 2–3.5′, of a quiescent dense filament (typically $A_{V} \sim 4$) in the Taurus molecular complex. This filament, like many other molecular clouds, presents a deficit in its IRAS $I_{\rm 60 \,\mu m}/I_{\rm 100 \,\mu m}$ flux ratio in comparison with the diffuse interstellar medium. We show, from the combination of the PRONAOS/SPM and IRAS data, that, inside the filament, there is no evidence for emission from the transiently heated small particles responsible for the 60 μ m emission, and that the temperature of large grains in thermal equilibrium with the radiation field is reduced in the inner parts of the filament. The temperature is as low as 12.1$^{+0.2}_{-0.1}$ K with $\beta=1.9\pm 0.2$ (or 12.0$^{+0.2}_{-0.1}$ K using $\beta=2$) toward the filament centre. These phenomena are responsible for the IRAS colour ratio observed toward the filament. In order to explain this cold temperature, we have developed a model for the emission from the filament using star counts from the 2MASS catalog as an independent tracer of the total column density and a radiative transfer code. We first use the optical properties of the dust from the standard model of Desert et al. ([CITE]). The computed brightness profiles fail to reproduce the data inside the filament, showing that the dust properties change inside the filament. An agreement between data and model can be found by removing all the transiently heated particles from the densest parts of the filament, and multiplying the submillimetre emissivity by a significant factor, 3.4$^{+0.3}_{-0.7}$ (for typically $n_{H}> 3 \pm 1\times 10^3$ cm -3 , $A_{V} > 2.1\pm 0.5$). We show that grain-grain coagulation into fluffy aggregates may occur inside the filament, explaining both the deficit of small grain abundance and the submillimetre emissivity enhancement of the large grains.
MORPHOLOGY OF LYCIDAE WITH SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON EVOLUTION OF THE COLEOPTERA

Morphology of Lycidae with some considerations on evolution of the Coleoptera. External and internal morphology of the family Lycidae and allied taxa is studied and analyzed. A cladistic analysis of the group is carried out. An evolution scenario of the lineage is discussed and a phylogenetic tree and a key to subfamilies are proposed. Dexoridae Kleine stat. n. is raised to the family level. Lyropaeinae Bocak & Bocakova stat. n. and Miniduliticolinae Kazantsev stat. n. are raised to the subfamily level within the Lycidae. Thilmanus Baudi is transferred from Drilidae to Thilmaninae subfam. n. within the Lycidae. Platerodrilini tr. n. is described. The Lycidae are hypothesized to consist of seven subfamilies, Lyropaeinae stat. n. , Leptolycinae, Ateliinae, Thilmaninae, subfam. n. , Miniduliticolinae, stat. n. , Lycinae and Calochrominae. Lyponiina Bocak & Bocakova is transferred from Platerodini to Calochrominae incertae sedis. Phylogeny of the Coleoptera is discussed. The Coleoptera is hypothesized to be a polyphyletic taxon, not including the common ancestor of its two major lineages, the Polyphaga and the Archostemata-Adephaga-Myxophaga.
Ce que le numérique fait à l’historien.ne. Entretien avec Claire Lemercier

Claire Lemercier risponde alle domande poste da Elisa Grandi ed Emilien Ruiz sul tema della Digital History e sul ruolo giocato dagli storici nello sviluppo delle risorse digitali. Le domande sono state elaborate da Elisa Grandi ed Emilien Ruiz, e l’intevista e stata realizzata nel mese di maggio del 2012 a Parigi.
Optical third harmonic generation in black phosphorus

We present a calculation of Third Harmonic Generation (THG) for two-band systems using the length gauge that avoids unphysical divergences otherwise present in the evaluation of the third order current density response. The calculation is applied to bulk and monolayer black Phosphorus (bP) using a non-orthogonal tight-binding model. Results show that the low energy response is dominated by mixed inter-intraband processes and estimates of the magnitude of THG susceptibility are comparable to recent experimental reports for bulk bP samples.
Eurocode 8: Use of advantageous formulations for improved and safe design

The purpose of the paper is to share the experience in application of Eurocode 8. Following the existing framework of the European standard two engineering development of two specific topics are proposed. First deals with modelling the seismic action aiming to take into account spatial variability of the seismic action. It is proven that the inclusion of rotational components may influence the action effects and the results provide unsafe design. Evaluation is carried out through response spectrum method. The second topic studies the use of performance based seismic design as a tool to prove the need for seismic strengthening and verification of the benefit. Both target and actual capacity spectra are compared to make assessment of the lateral resistance of existing and strengthened structure. Insufficient elastic stiffness and insufficient yield strength are considered as the most typical situations frequently met in the design practice and which can be settled by seismic strengthening. Discussions and conclusions concerning the philosophy of the assessment procedure are presented.
The Expanding Bull's-Eye Effect

W eather hazards such as tornadoes and hurricanes affect thousands of people annually, often resulting in casualties and billions of dollars in damage. These extreme weather events can lead to disasters, which are a product of both hazard risk and societal exposure. Hazard risk describes the frequency and magnitude of a weather hazard, while societal exposure is defi ned as who and what is affected by an event. The NOAA reports that there have been nearly 180 weather and climate Th e EXPANDING BULL’S-EYE EFFECT
Studies on correlation and path analysis for root yield and related traits of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in South Ethiopia

Ten promising and one respective local check of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes were tested at Areka, Bele and Goffa districts of southern Ethiopia during 2006-2007 growing seasons using RCBD with three replications. The objectives of the study were to examine the interrelationship of yield related characters and extent of their contribution to fresh root yield on cassava. The genotypic correlation between fresh root yield and number of vertical stem/plant, root girth, root diameter, weight of above ground plant parts and root dry weight was highly significant, while positive and significant phenotypic correlation was observed between root fresh yield plot and root girth, root length and diameter. Among these characters, roots diameter reflected the highest direct effect of (p=1.976) towards root fresh weight; while minimum was indicated by number of branches/plant (p=0.004). Number of vertical stem/plant, stem girth, weight of above ground plant parts and root dry weight had contribute to the root fresh weight. Therefore indirect selection for higher fresh root yield may be effective for improving these characters. This study suggests the relative higher value of residual effect (0.364) indicated more yield components should be considered in the future to account for the variation in cassava root yield.
Evolution of Pathological Staging and Histological Classification in Urological Malignancies

Purpose: The currently protocol for reporting urinary bladder cancer in radical cystectomies may exhibit limitations in the diagnostic accuracy, such as the risk for understaging, especially of cases in prostatic involvement. Difficulty exists in the verification of stage pT0 and assessment of surgical margins is suboptimal. Eliminate the potential compromises in sampling, we developed a daily practice gross dissection protocol where the radical cystectomies were totally embedded and evaluated histologically in whole-mount sections. Methods: Here were reported the first 138 consecutive specimens from 99 men and 39 women from 2008 to the first quarter of 2012 inclusive; 9.2 macroblocks and 14 standard blocks were examined on overage. The incidence of cancer stages of our series was compared with the incidence of cancer stages, determined by retrieving the stage data of 15586 radical cystectomies from the literature. The differences were analyzed with the one-sample z-test (p <0.05). Results: The following values were obtained (the first refers to our series): pT0 8.7% and 6.1%; pTa 0.7% and 2.9%; pTis 2.9% and 6%; pT1 15.2% and 15.5%; pT2 21% and 23.3%; pT3 34.8% and 34.3%; and pT4 16.7% and 11%. Conclusion: Our findings closely reflected the means of the published statistical data based on a large number of cases. The differences were due to the more detailed processing: the case numbers in groups pTis-pT2 were comparatively low, those in groups pT3-pT4 were higher. The difference found in group pT4 was significant. (p = 0.0494) With this method only those samples were regarded as pT0 in which the granulomatous area and the haemosiderin deposition indicative of the earlier intervention were observable and the entire preparation was tumor-free. Although our protocol was three times more expensive than the currently used and the reporting time took four hours by identifying all features that can guide postoperative treatment has the monopoly of diagnostic accuracy. ----------------------------------------Cite this article as: Sükösd F, Iványi B, Pajor L. Accurate Determination of the Pathological Stage with the Gross Dissection Protocol for Radical Cystectomy (GDPRC) in Daily Routine Diagnostics . Int J Cancer Ther Oncol 2015; 3(4):3407. [This abstract was presented at the BIT’s 8 th Annual World Cancer Congress, which was held from May 15-17, 2015 in Beijing, China. ]
Low-Power Laser Processing-Based Approach to Plasma Lithography for Cell Micropatterning

Plasma lithography is a technique to space-selectively create hydrophilic surfaces on silicone materials with oxygen plasma treatment. Cells can thus be micropatterned within the modified surfaces, allowing for artificially controlling the geometry of individual cell colonies. Conventional plasma lithography employs a photolithographically microfabricated mask with which the pattern geometry is determined. However, fast on-demand design change to the micropattern may be limited due to the time and cost associated with the sophisticated photolithographic fabrication. Here we attempted to microfabricate a mask for plasma lithography in a novel, quick, low-cost manner. An infrared absorption film was processed using a low-power Nd:YAG laser on an optical microscope to produce a mask of arbitrary pattern geometries. Our experiments indicate that plasma-shielding masks with various geometries are promptly obtained at a spatial resolution of several tens of microns with a laser power of below 200 mW. We demonstrate that cells are indeed micropatterned on functionalized silicone substrates so as to conform to the geometry of the laser-processed mask, thus suggesting the potential of this technique as a low-cost, fast on-demand means for cell micropatterning.
Biglobal linear stability analysis for the flow in eccentric annular channels and a related geometry

Recently, it has been observed that simple geometry characterized by a low level of symmetry present interesting peculiarities in the process of transition from laminar Poiseuille flow to turbulent flow. Examples of this type of geometry are eccentric channels and, more generally, parallel channels containing a narrow gap. In the present work, a global linear stability analysis for the flow in this class of geometry has been performed. The problem is discretized through spectral collocation and the eigenvalue problem has been solved with the Arnoldi-method based algorithms and the QZ algorithm. Since no numerical studies of this type have yet been performed to address the issue of transition in this geometry, the codes have been validated toward results obtained in simplified geometries (e.g., concentric annular channel and square channel). The eigenvalue spectra of the Poiseuille flow in eccentric channels and a U-shaped channel have then been computed and analyzed for a wide range of geometric parameter.
Slope stability analysis by the upper bound approach: fundamentals and methods

A new method for stability analysis in soils and rocks is presented, based on the upper bound theorem of classical plasticity. The sliding mass is divided into a small number of discrete blocks, with linear interfaces between blocks and either linear or curved bases to individual blocks. By equating the work done by external loads and body forces to the energy dissipated in shearing, either a safety factor or a disturbance factor may be calculated. The rigorous theoretical background is established, from which it may be demonstrated that for several well-defined classical slope problems the equations for the multi-block solution reduce to the published closed-form solutions. Powerful optimization routines are provided in the computer program EMU to search for the critical failure mechanism giving the lowest factor of safety. Several examples are given to demonstrate that, for problems where the exact answers are known, the new method produces accurate values of safety factor and predictions of failure mechanism. Applications to practical problems have shown that the new method is as simple as the conventional limit equilibrium methods for practitioners.
Recycled Aggregate Concrete with Fluorescent Waste Glass and Coal/Wood Ash Concrete Wastes

Consumption of natural aggregate as the largest concrete component is constantly and rapidly increasing with the increase in the production and utilization of concrete. Recycled aggregate is a valuable resource as replacement for virgin aggregate in concrete. In present study is investigated the approach of optimized utilization of concrete aggregate wastes (CAW) in concrete. The produced concrete cube specimens with fluorescent waste glass powder/suspension and fly/wood ash after determination of their mechanical properties are recycled and used as partial replacement of natural aggregates in recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Therefore, it helps to convert waste product with determined properties into recourse and potentially to reduce the amount of waste disposed and preserve natural resources. The mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete are discussed from the point of the potential of its utilization in structural concrete. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.sace. 1.1. 2615
Higher order topological derivatives for three-dimensional anisotropic elasticity

This article concerns an extension of the topological derivative concept for 3D elasticity problems involving elastic inhomogeneities, whereby an objective function 𝕁 is expanded in powers of the characteristic size a of a single small inhomogeneity. The O (a 6 ) approximation of 𝕁 is derived and justified for an inhomogeneity of given location, shape and elastic properties embedded in a 3D solid of arbitrary shape and elastic properties; the background and the inhomogeneity materials may both be anisotropic. The generalization to multiple small inhomogeneities is concisely described. Computational issues, and examples of objective functions commonly used in solid mechanics, are discussed.
Millennium Development Goals ( MDGs ) in Africa : The Role of an Ethnobotanist ( Part 1 )

There are eight main MDGs and many stake holders in various countries have contributed to achieving some of these goals. Achieving the MDGs does not depend on economic growth and expensive solutions alone. Man himself has the solution very close to his bosom if he can make maximum use of what nature provides for him. Ethno-botany is an integral part of indigenous/local knowledge of a particular society. The ethno-botanicals accessed from forest areas not only provide a substantial amount of food security to the women but also play a significant role in securing the household economy. Women have developed local provisions of insurance of livelihoods for local communities, ethno-medicine for family health, growing of staple food crops, exploration of plant based innovations for food and biodiversity conservation. However, tens of thousands of plant species are at risk of being extinct, including plants used for food and nutrition, medicine, cultural and spiritual purposes, and the maintenance of livelihoods. These are needed to alleviate poverty, provide food security and ensure sustainable development in many nations. This paper focuses on the roles of an ethno-botanist in achieving some of the MDGs in Africa.