Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantification of the Impact of Photon Distinguishability on Measurement-Device- Independent Quantum Key Distribution

Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution (MDI-QKD) is a two-photon protocol devised to eliminate eavesdropping attacks that interrogate or control the detector in realized quantum key distribution systems. In MDI-QKD, the measurements are carried out by an untrusted third party, and the measurement results are announced openly. Knowledge or control of the measurement results gives the third party no information about the secret key. Error-free implementation of the MDI-QKD protocol requires the crypto-communicating parties, Alice and Bob, to independently prepare and transmit single photons that are physically indistinguishable, with the possible exception of their polarization states. In this paper, we apply the formalism of quantum optics and Monte Carlo simulations to quantify the impact of small errors in wavelength, bandwidth, polarization and timing between Alice’s photons and Bob’s photons on the MDI-QKD quantum bit error rate (QBER). Using published single-photon source characteristics from two-photon interference experiments as a test case, our simulations predict that the finite tolerances of these sources contribute ( 4.04 ± 20 / N sifted ) % to the QBER in an MDI-QKD implementation generating an N sifted -bit sifted key.
Self-driven Monomer Brownian Motor

Brownian motors and Feymann ratchets have been intensively studied in the past decades due to their significance in the foundations of statistical physics and in the application of biological systems. In this letter we propose a new type of Brownian motor, i.e., a self-driven monomer motor that only utilizes the temperature difference inside and outside the motor. The motor is a container with asymmetric geometry. When filling with compressible fluid with a temperature difference with the environment, directional motion occurs. The essential mechanism is that the center of mass of the compressible fluid can shift as a result of the temperature difference and the asymmetric geometry of the container, leading to a directional motion of the motor. This motor can serve as a prototype model for primordial cells as only a temperature difference and an asymmetric shape are necessary for directional motion. A higher inner temperature is common as the cell digests nutritious feeds. Furthermore, our model can be applicable in designing self-driven capsules for target therapy.
Effect of aerobic training intensity on irisin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Aim: Irisin is a recently identified exercise-induced hormone that increases energy expenditure. The effect of chronic aerobic training intensity on irisin concentration is not well known. Thus, we examine the effect of aerobic training intensity on irisin in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic Wistar rats. Material & Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Animals were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 in each group): control group (CON), diabetes group (D), diabetes and moderate-intensity exercise group (D + ME; running speed was set at 10-17 m.min-1), and diabetes and high-intensity exercise group (D + HE; running speed was set at 17-28 m.min-1). The rats in the exercise groups were made to run on the treadmill for 30 min per one day, 3 times a week, during 8 weeks. Results: The results indicated that serum irisin concentration was higher in the D + HE group than CON, D and D + ME groups (P<0.05) and no significant differences were observed between CON group and D + ME group. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that that exercise intensity has an effect on exercise-induced irisin responses.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SPAWNING FREQUENCY IN THE FEMALE CICHLID FISH TILAPIA MACROCEPHAL A 1

In a previous experiment on the influence of sexual exteroceptive factors on the ovulatory cycle (Aronson, 1945) it was demonstrated that while many completely isolated Tilcpia females continue to spawn at infrequent intervals, the sight of a male markedly increases this oviposition frequency. Actual contact of male and female does not appear to be important, but chemical or vibratory stimuli may possibly increase the oviposition rate slightly. In the present undertaking, attempts have been made to analyze this visual stimulus. Tilapia pairs normally execute elaborate courtship and pre-spawning behavior patterns which are qualitatively similar for the two sexes, but quantitative records indicate marked differences in the frequency of occurrence of these behavioral items (Aronson, 1949). The next step is to find whether or not these quantitative differences in sexual behavior would be reflected in the relative stimulus values of male and female as regards spawning frequencies. It is known that in most vertebrates castration will reduce or abolish a considerable portion of sexual behavior (Beach, 1947). Hence it was also of interest to
A Step Counting Hill Climbing Algorithm

This paper presents a new single-parameter local search heuristic named Step Counting Hill Climbing algorithm (SCHC). It is a very simple technique, where the current cost serves as an acceptance bound for a number of consequent steps. This number is a sole algorithmic parameter, which should be set up by the user. Furthermore, the counting of steps can be organized in different ways, so the proposed method supposes a high number of variants and modifications. In this paper, we investigate three basic versions of SCHC with the university exam timetabling problem. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed technique has the properties quite similar to the Late Acceptance Hill Climbing method, i.e. the convergence time is proportional to the value of its parameter and a non-linear rescaling of a problem does not affect the search performance. However, our new method has two additional advantages: a more flexible acceptance condition and better (on average) overall performance. In this study we present the comparison of these two search techniques, and compare both of them with Simulated Annealing. The Step Counting Hill Climbing has shown the strongest performance over three competitor algorithms on the most of our benchmark problems.
Legume-based cropping for sustainable production, economic benefit and reducing climate change impacts in southern Ethiopia

Bean-maize (Phaseolus vulgaris L-Zea mays) intercrop is a common practice in southern Ethiopia. However, its effect on weed, productivity, and economic benefit has not been assessed. Climate change has significantly affected crop production in southern Ethiopia. Intercropping is used as a means to reduce the risk of climate change and sustain productivity and production. Agronomic and economic advantages of intercrops were evaluated over five years (2008- 2012) at Awassa. Three weeding practices (0, 1, and 2 weeding), and single (MB) and double (MBB) rows of bean alternated with one row of maize were used in complete factorial experiment using randomized complete block design. Sole crop bean (SB) and maize (SM) were included. Variability in rainfall influenced the effect of weeding and intercropping. Seasons with better rainfall had less weed but more pods plant -1 , plant density, dry matter, bean and maize yield, energy value and economic benefit. Weeds in intercrop were 30% less compared with sole crop bean. Weed biomass was 16 and 30% less in MBB than SM and MB, respectively. Weeding increased plant height (16%), pods plant -1 (19%), grain (60%) and dry matter (38%) yields of bean, energy yield (56%), and monetary benefit (59%). Bean yield was 52 to 68% greater with weeding compared to the unweeded. In the dry year of 2011, weeding increased grain yields of bean and maize by 44 to 124% and 33 to 121% more than the unweeded, respectively. Maize yield varied between 43 and 66% with weeding compared with weed control. Bean yield and total land equivalent ratio (LER) in MB was 35 and 22% more than in MBB, respectively. Maize yield in MB was 15% lower than sole maize but 19% more than MBB. Energy yield and monetary benefit were 19 and 29% higher in MB than MBB, respectively. Intercropping resulted in LER of 20 to 67% yield benefit over sole crop and saved 38% more farm land. Overall, intercropping suppressed weeds and was more productive and economical than sole crop, which reduced risk of climate change and sustained crop production. This would benefit farmers in reducing the risk of climate change and alleviating food shortage.
The Hippocampus as a Neural Link between Negative Affect and Vulnerability for Psychostimulant Relapse

Psychostimulant dependence (including cocaine, amphetamine, and methamphetamine) is a chronic relapsing disorder with significant personal, health, and financial burdens. Attempts at abstinence produce a severe and protracted withdrawal syndrome charac - terized by stress hypersensitivity that can facilitate drug craving, anxiety, and dyspho -ria. These negative withdrawal symptoms can induce relapse, maintaining the addiction cycle. The hippocampus mediates cognitive, emotional, and endocrine responses to stressors. The ventral hippocampus is in a pivotal position to regulate the mesoaccumbal dopamine reward system, and interacts with serotonergic and glucocorticoid systems that mediate anxiety and stress responsiveness. Psychostimulant actions on the hippocampus induce long-term changes to these systems and impact the process of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus, which may facilitate drug dependence by altering drug-cue learning and emotional regulation. Multiple studies indicate that psychostimulant-induced hip pocampal neuroadaptations heighten hippocampal-mesoaccumbal activity to amplify drug- and drug-cue responses while persistent dysregulation of hippocampal emotional systems potentiate negative affect. Understanding how psychostimulants modulate the hippocampus to alter hippocampal-mesoaccumbal activity—and how hippocampal neu rogenesis influences drug-related memories and reward—is important for identifying novel treatment strategies that can ameliorate negative affect and relapse vulnerability in psychostimulant addiction.
Expression and role of estrogen receptor α and β in medullary thyroid carcinoma: different roles in cancer growth and apoptosis

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) originates from parafollicular C cells. Estrogen receptorb (ERb) expression was detected in normal parafollicular C cells and MTC tumor tissue, but ERa expression in MTC tumors still remains undetermined. The appearance and loss of ERa or ERb expression has been known to play a role in the development and progression of many human cancers. We performed immunohistochemical studies of ERa ,E Rb, and Ki67, a mitotic index, in 11 human MTC tissue samples. ERa was detected in 10 cases (91%), and ERb expression was observed in 8 cases (72 . 7%). A majority (8/10) of ERa-positive tumors showing ERb Ki67 expression was detected in three cases (27 . 3%). Neither clinical parameters nor tumor node metastasis (TNM) tumor staging was correlated with the positivity for ERs or Ki67. To investigate the biological role of each ER, we used ER-negative MTC TT cells and adenoviral vectors carrying ERa (Ad-ERa), ERb (Ad-ERb), estrogen response element (ERE)-Luc (Ad-ERE-Luc), and activator protein 1 (AP1)-Luc (Ad-AP1-Luc). Estrogen stimulated and anti-estrogen, ICI 182 780, suppressed ERE reporter activity in TT cells expressing ERa or ERb ,s uggesting that both ERs use the same classical ERE-mediated pathway. Ad-ERa infection stimulated TT cell growth; in contrast, Ad-ERb infection suppressed their growth. Apoptosis was detected in Ad-ERb-infected TT cells. Estrogen and antiestrogen suppressed AP1 activity in Ad-ERa-infected cells, whereas upon Ad-ERb infection estrogen further stimulated AP1 activity which in turn is suppressed by anti-estrogen, suggesting that each ER acts differently through a non-EREmediated pathway. Our results suggest that ERa and ERb may play different roles in MTC tumor growth and progression.
Comparative Study on “Images” in Chinese and Western Culture and ArtWith Rudolf·Arnheim and Zhu Guangqian Centered

This paper compared the art thoughts of two aesthetics masters--Rudolf · Arnheim and Zhu Guangqian, analyzed the connotation of “image” and the change of “image” in Chinese and Western, and drew the conclusion that there were both similarities and differences in grasping and understanding the connotation of image due to the difference of cultural background of each country. Keywords—Chinese and Western; culture; art; image;
The Politics of Disciplining Water Rights

This article examines how the legal systems of Andean countries have dealt with the region's huge plurality of local water rights, and how official policies to 'recognize' local rights and identities harbour increasingly subtle politics of codification, confinement and disciplining. The autonomy and diversity of local water rights are a major hindrance for water companies, elites and formal rule-enforcers, since State and market institutions require a predictable, uniform playing field. Complex local rights orders are seen as irrational, ill-defined and disordered. Officialdom cannot simply ignore or oppress the 'unruliness and disobedience' of local rights systems: rather it 'incorporates' local normative orders that have the capacity to adequately respond to context-based needs. This article examines a number of evolving, overlapping legal domination strategies, such as the 'marrying' of local and official legal systems in ways that do not challenge the legal and power hierarchy; and reviews the ways in which official regulation and legal strategies deny or take into consideration local water rights repertoires, and the politics of recognition that these entail. Post-colonial recognition policies are not simply responses to demands by subjugated groups for greater autonomy. Rather, they facilitate the water bureaucracy's political control and help neoliberal sectors to incorporate local water users' rights and organizations into the market system ? even though many communities refuse to accept these policies of recognition and politics of containment
LEG 174B SYNOPSIS: REVISITING HOLE 395A FOR LOGGING AND LONG-TERM MONITORING OF OFF-AXIS HYDROTHERMAL PROCESSES IN YOUNG OCEANIC CRUST

During Leg 174B in midsummer of 1997, we revisited Hole 395A for a 5-day program of logging and deployment of the thirteenth Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) instrumented borehole seal (known as a “CORK” for Circulation Obviation Retrofit Kit) (Davis et al., 1992) for long-term hydrological investigations. Drilled over 21 yr earlier during Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Leg 45, Hole 395A is a classic legacy hole in young crust near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Prior to Leg 174B, it had been revisited four times for logging and hydrogeological studies: twice by DSDP and ODP (Legs 78B and 109) for logging and downhole experiments, once with Nautile for logging by wireline reentry, and once by Atlantis for detailed heat flow, coring, and pore-pressure surveys. The primary purpose of the Leg 174B logging and CORK installation was to further elucidate the controlling formation properties and driving forces for the vigorous off-axis, low-temperature hydrothermal circulation inferred to be active in the region from previous reentries of the hole and geothermal surveys. It is now well accepted that off-axis hydrothermal systems account for the majority of hydrothermal heat and chemical fluxes in the oceanic crust and are a primary factor in the chemical and physical evolution of the crust. Off-axis circulation occurs at lower temperatures and slower rates over large areas of the ocean basins, commonly out to crustal ages of tens of millions of years. It only rarely produces identifiable vents and is therefore more difficult to study with measurements at 1Becker, K. , Bartetzko, A. , and Davis, E.E. , 2001. Leg 174B synopsis: revisiting Hole 395A for logging and long-term monitoring of off-axis hydrothermal processes in young oceanic crust. In Becker, K. , and Malone, M.J. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 174B, 1–13 [Online]. Available from World Wide Web: . [Cited YYYY-MM-DD] 2Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Division of Marine Geology and Geophysics, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami FL 33149-1098, USA. kbecker@rsmas.miami. edu 3Lehr-und Forschungsgebiet fur Angewandte Geophysik, RWTH Aachen, Lochnerstrasse 4-20, 52056 Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany. 4Pacific Geoscience Centre, Geological Survey of Canada, Sidney BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defences in the Tasar Silkworm Antheraea mylitta D: Challenged with Nosema Species

This study was designed to find out the effect of Nosema spore on oxidative damages and antioxidant defence in the midgut of tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta. Higher level of lipid peroxidation (LPX) and total hydroperoxides indicate the resultant oxidative stress in the Nosema exposed specimen. Increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) suggests activation of physiological mechanism to scavenge the superoxide radical produced during Nosema infection. Higher activities of catalase and glutathione-S-tranferase on 18 th d indicate adaptive behaviour of the tissue against oxyradicals. The results suggest that Nosema infection is involved in altering the active oxygen metabolism by modulating LPX and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is indicative of pebrine disease disorder.
Stress Indicator, Carcass Composition, and Meat Cholesterol of Kampung-Broiler Crossbred Chicken Treated By Different Stocking Density

This study aimed to investigate the effect of stocking density on stress indicator, carcass composition, and meat cholesterol content of kampung–broiler crossbred chicken. Anamount of 90 DOCs of crossbred kampung-broiler (KB) were placed into 9 plots sized 1x1 m2 in semi closed house that consist of 3 stocking densities 8, 10 and 12 birds m-2 and respectively 3 replicates. The chickens were fed commercial broiler feed. Approximately ± 30% roosters slaughtered for analysis of malondialdehyde, carcass quality, and meat cholesterol. Malondialdehyde, carcass composition, and meat cholesterol was completely randomized designed with different stocking densities treatments and three replicates. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and had previously been tested for requirement of variance test assumption. Data of temperature humidity index (THI) was descriptively explained. The results showed that the effect of different stocking densities on stress indicator reflected by THI value and MDA content, carcass composition (percentage of carcass and abdominal fat weight), and cholesterol level were not significant. The different of stocking densities (8, 10 and 12 birds m-2) did not affect the stress indicators reflected by THI and MDA level, carcass composition and meat cholesterol level. Kampung-broiler crossbred chicken could develop at 8, 10 or 12 birds m-2 densities since the lower of abdominal fat and meat cholesterol were resulted
Long-range ferromagnetic order in LaCoO3-delta epitaxial films due to the interplay of epitaxial strain and oxygen vacancy ordering

We demonstrate that a combination of electronic structure modification and oxygen vacancy ordering can stabilize a long-range ferromagnetic ground state in epitaxial LaCoO_(3) thin films. Highest saturation magnetization values are found in the thin films in tension on SrTiO_(3) and (La,Sr)(Al,Ta)O_(3) substrates and the lowest values are found in thin films in compression on LaAlO_(3). Electron microscopy reveals oxygen vacancy ordering to varying degrees in all samples, although samples with the highest magnetization are the most defective. Element-specific x-ray absorption techniques reveal the presence of high spin Co^(2+) and Co^(3+) as well as low spin Co^(3+) in different proportions depending on the strain state. The interactions among the high spin Co ions and the oxygen vacancy superstructure are correlated with the stabilization of the long-range ferromagnetic order.
Proximate, functional and pasting properties of FARO 44 rice, African yam bean and brown cowpea seeds composite flour

Abstract FARO 44 rice, brown cowpea and African yam bean seeds were processed into flours and their proximate, functional and pasting properties were assessed. Functional properties—loose bulk density, packed bulk density, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, emulsion capacity, foam capacity, gelation capacity and swelling index ranged from 0.63 to 0.69 g/ml, 0.84 to 1.00 g/ml, 0.63 to 1.32%, 0.46 to 1.48%, 42.50 to 56.78%, 10.40 to 18.17%, 50.93 to 57.90°C and 0.45 to 0.67, respectively. Proximate and amylose composition ranged as follows; Moisture: 8% (75% rice:25% African yam bean) to 14% (100% rice); Protein: 12.86% (100% wheat) to 28.13% (50% rice:50% African yam bean); Fat: 1.64% (100% rice) to 5.79% (100% cowpea); Ash: 1% (100% cowpea, 75% rice:25% African yam bean, 50% rice:50% African yam bean) to 1.97% (25% rice:75% African yam bean); Crude fibre: 0.95% (100% wheat) to 6.27% (100% African yam bean); Carbohydrate: 52.62% (50% rice:50% African yam bean) to 72.58% (100% wheat) and Amylose: 17.13% (100% rice) to 28.07% (100% African yam bean). Pasting properties—peak, trough, breakdown, final, peak time and pasting temperature ranged from 128.50 to 245 RVU, 85.08 to 159.25 RVU, 22.08 to 106.75 RVU, 123.58 to 294.33 RVU, 33.50 to 135.08 RVU, 5.18 to 5.92 min and 79.95 to 84.75°C.
Economic Globalization and Gender Equality: A Case Study of India

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between economic globalization and gender equality in India. Using time-series data covering the span of 1990 – 2009, this study particularly examines whether the 1991 Indian trade reforms have also contributed to greater gender equality in the labor market. A simultaneous equation model is developed to estimate the effect of trade liberalization on gender inequality. The results show that trade liberalization has a positive and significant effect on gender equality in the labor market. Furthermore, the results also indicate that economic growth contributes to greater gender equality while female enrollment in higher education has a negative effect on gender equality in the labor market.
0 Nanocrystalline Porous Silicon : Structural , Optical , Electrical and Photovoltaic Properties

Ma. Concepción Arenas1, Marina Vega2, Omar Martínez3 and Oscar H. Salinas4 1Departamento de Ingeniería Molecular de Materiales, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro 2Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro 3Universidad Politécnica de Guanajuato, Av. Universidad Norte S/N, Juan Alonso Cortazar, Guanajuato 4Universidad Tecnológica Emiliano Zapata del Estado de Morelos, Morelos. México
How does past and present customer experience explain the satisfaction with the supplier? A fuzzy set qualitative comparative approach

This study applies complexity theory to understand the effect of past and present experience on satisfaction. Drawing from the appraisal of interaction theory, social exchange theory and organizational buying behaviour, we developed and empirically measured customer experience on satisfaction across the customers of the professional service providers in b2b. This study investigates the past and current experiences as key elements of customer satisfaction with suppliers. To examine the research propositions, this study employs confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), using a sample of 450 in the first wave and 260 in the second wave. The findings contribute to advancing the current knowledge of the literature by verifying different components of the construct of customer experience and its relative impact on satisfaction.