Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of attacks on Web based applications

Analysis of Attacks on Web Based Applications by Brandon Scott Miller Master of Science in Computer Science West Virginia University Katerina Goseva-Popstojanova, Ph.D., Chair As the technology used to power Web-based applications continues to evolve, new security threats are emerging. Web 2.0 technology provides attackers with a whole new array of vulnerabilities to exploit. In this thesis, we present an analysis of the attacker activity aimed at a typical Web server based on the data collected on two high interaction honeypots over a one month period of time. The configuration of the honeypots resembles the typical three tier architecture of many real world Web servers. Our honeypots ran on the Windows XP operating system and featured attractive attack targets such as the Microsoft IIS Web server, MySQL database, and two Web 2.0-based applications (Wordpress and MediaWiki). This configuration allows for attacks on a component directly or through the other components. Our analysis includes detailed inspection of the network traffic and IIS logs as well as investigation of the System logs, where appropriate. We also develop a pattern recognition approach to classify TCP connections as port scans or vulnerability scans/attacks. Some of the conclusions of our analysis include: (1) the vast majority of malicious traffic was over the TCP protocol, (2) the majority of malicious traffic was targeted at Windows file sharing, HTTP, and SSH ports, (3) most attackers found our Web server through search-based strategies rather than IP-based strategies, (4) most of the malicious traffic was generated by a few unique attackers.
Special Issue: Crowd in Intelligent Systems ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology

Crowdsourcing has become a common strategy to resolve problems that are difficult to computers. It has proven the intelligence, wisdom, or judgments from the crowd, when appropriately combined, can be effective in addressing challenges in various areas, from knowledge organisation (such as Wikipedia), business investment, policy making, government transparency to scientific development. In particular, the contributions from the crowd are stretching out the horizon of intelligent systems by filling the gap between artificial intelligence and human intelligence with the wisdom of crowd. Successful applications can readily been seen in the fields of computer-human interaction, computer vision, information retrieval, social computing, biomedical research, and information and multimedia systems. The uses in crowdsourcing have opened up many new forms of intelligent systems and technologies most of which have barely been explored to date. However, challenging research questions still lie in the way to unleash the potentials of the crowd as a part of intelligent systems. This special issue aims to address these challenges in the hope of overcoming the obstacles blocking the road toward intelligent systems where artificialand human-intelligence perfectly harmonise.
An examination and implementation of the libor market model

The relatively young eld of quantitative nance has grown over the past thirty years with the cherry-picking of a wide variety of techniques from the disciplines of nance, mathematics and computer science. The Libor Market Model, a model for pricing and risk-managing interest rate derivatives, is a prime example of this cherry-picking, requiring an understanding of the interest rate markets to understand the problem to be modelled, requiring some deep mathematics from probability theory and stochastic calculus to build the model, and requiring a level of computer expertise to e¢ ciently implement the computationally demanding requirements of the model. This dissertation intends to draw from a wide literature to bring into one body of work a treatment of the Libor Market Model from start to nish.
Characterization of the electrically excited flexion withdrawal response used in restoration of locomotion in spinal cord injured paraplegics

The flexion withdrawal reflex has been studied in order to improve the usability of this action in generating electrically stimulated gait in paraplegics. The hip angle of eight paraplegic subjects was continuously monitored while electrical stimulation was intermittently applied at various sites through surface electrodes. The magnitude of the response was assessed, and a measure of the variability between successive stimulations was obtained. The main difficulties in using this response in stimulated gait are the variability, the latency and the habituation. Habituation is shown to be reduced by using a multiplexed stimulation regime on two different sites. <<ETX>>
Research on the Composite Arithmetic of Logic Compound Sentences in Decompilation

This article had a formalizing description to the structure of logic compound sentences (LCS) in the course of decompilation. It applied the Logic diagram to the recognition of LCS which belongs to graph theory. The recognition arithmetic overcame the shortcomings of some typical current approaches. Furthermore, this article introduced logical correlation matrices in the solution to the Logic diagrams, and a dynamic pruning policy was executed in this course by which the novel arithmetic was greatly predigested. In the end of the article, it offered a specific instance and had the complexity analyses, which proved the validity and sophistication of the new arithmetic separately.
A Collaborative Filtering Algorithm Combined with User Habits for Rating

Collaborative filtering is one of the most successful and widely used technologies in personalized recommendation systems. This paper proposed a novel algorithm combined with user habits for rating as the conventional method leads lower accuracy relatively. In order to reveal the hidden relationship between users, the new algorithm not only reserves the traditional measure but also takes Bhattacharyya Coefficient and entropy into account while calculating the user similarities. Experiment results show the new algorithm outperforms the conventional method. Keywords-Collaborative Filtering; Personalized Recommendation; User Habits for Rating; Bhattacharyya Coefficient; Entropy
Discrete wavelet transforms in multi-carrier modulation

Multi-carrier modulation (MCM) is increasingly popular as a transmission technique, especially in high speed communications. One implementation of MCM is discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) for modulation. DMT is adopted as a standard by the ANSI for asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL). It has been suggested that discrete wavelet transform (DWT) in the form of perfect reconstruction (PR) filter banks be used in place of DFT as modulation functions. The advantage of such replacement is better spectral containment in PR filter banks than in DFT. This paper describes a form of PR filter banks, the cosine-modulated FIR filter banks, to be used for multi-carrier modulation. A system using this filter is described and its performance is evaluated and comparison is made with the DMT system.
Variable Correlation Digital Noise Source on FPGA — A Versatile Tool for Debugging Radio Telescope Backends

Contemporary wideband radio telescope backends are generally developed on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) or hybrid (FPGA+GPU) platforms. One of the challenges faced while developing such instruments is the functional verification of the signal processing backend at various stages of development. In the case of an interferometer or pulsar backend, the typical requirement is for one independent noise source per input, with provision for a common, correlated signal component across all the inputs, with controllable level of correlation. This paper describes the design of a FPGA-based variable correlation Digital Noise Source (DNS), and its applications to built-in testing and debugging of correlators and beamformers. This DNS uses the Central Limit Theorem-based approach for generation of Gaussian noise, and the architecture is optimized for resource requirements and ease of integration with existing signal processing blocks on FPGA.
Gabor-Atom networks based radar target identification

A Gabor-Atom network (GAN) approach for application in radar target recognition is proposed. The Gabor atoms selected by a multilayer feedforward neural network extract discriminant features among different classes of radar target returns. The self-learning mechanism is used not only for the network but for the feature parameters. Results on the classification of microwave anechoic chamber data of three different scaled airplane models are presented.
Omni-directional sensors for pipe inspection

Omni-directional sensors are useful in obtaining a 360/spl deg/ field of view with a single lens camera. At present, for inspecting the interior of pipes (used in industrial processes) fish-eye type lenses are being used. However, fish-eye lenses provide more detail on the empty center part of the pipe and less detail on the surface of the pipe near the camera. This problem can be resolved by using an omni-directional camera, which projects a cylindrical strip of the interior surface of a pipe to a single CCD device. A description of the hardware developed and experimental results are presented.
How Can 3d Virtual Worlds Be Used To Support Collaborative Learning? An Analysis Of Cases From The Literature

Excited at the prospects of engaging their Net Generation students, educators worldwide are attempting to exploit the affordances of threedimensional (3D) virtual worlds such as Second Life, citing collaborative learning as rationale, though often without careful consideration of the design of learning activities to support and enable collaboration. Drawing on three recent examples of 3D virtual worlds in education, the primary aim of this article is to critically assess the evidence that well-designed learning interventions using these types of environments are able to exhibit the key ingredients or elements of collaborative learning. The article concludes with a consideration of some of the problems and challenges that exist, before offering number of recommendations for practitioners.
Distributed Secure Information Sharing Model for E-Government in China

"E-government" refers to the process of using advanced information and communication technology (ICT) for automating both the internal operations of the government agents (G2G) and its external interactions with citizens (G2C) and businesses (G2B). In G2G type, addressing information sharing among government agencies is one of the most important issues for development of national e-government architecture. With efficient information sharing solutions, government agents can be able to predict the security risks and attacks, including terrorist attack similar as 911 attack on American soil. However, building secure information sharing mechanism among government agencies is not trivial because they worry about that their interests may be jeopardized when share their information with other agencies. In this paper, a distributed information sharing model is proposed and the technique standard support of the model is analyzed. With the secure e-government information sharing solutions, the cost of coping with government information exchange and agencies cooperation will be lowered and the capability and efficiency of agencies' collaboration will be increased.
Notes on the Implementation of MUSBOX: A Compiler for the Systems Concepts Digital Synthesizer

In 1978 the Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA) at Stanford University acquired a remarkable musical instrument: the prototype of the Systems Concepts Digital Synthesizer (SCS) designed and built by Peter Samson of Systems Concepts, San Francisco, to the specifications of CCRMA. The principal purpose of the synthesizer design was to address the high computational bandwidth required for real-time high-quality digital audio signal processing. It is well known that digital synthesis techniques have been limited by the sheer speed, precision, and consequent volume of computation required for useful and interesting results. It was hoped that a special-purpose digital computer that directly addressed the nature of the data to be manipulated would be sufficiently fast to do useful amounts of signal computation in real time. The resulting design is described elsewhere in the literature (Loy 1980; Samson 1980; Samson forthcoming), but a brief review is not out of place here. The synthesizer uses standard TTL logic, relying extensively on time-division multiplexing and pipelining techniques to implement a fixed set of processing capabilities. The synthesizer is divided into modules, called processing elements, which can be configured to perform specific signal processing functions. There are four classes of processing elements, each class being uniquely suited to one kind of processing (Fig. 1). They are generators, which produce a variety of periodic fixedwaveform signals; modifiers, which modify signals; sum memory, which provides a means of intercommunication between the individual generators and modifiers; and delay units, which interface the modifiers to a large memory bank (up to 64K 20-bit words) for reverberation and table storage. There are 256 generators, 128 modifiers, 256 sum memory locations, and 32 delay units; not all sum memory locations can be written by all processing elements, however. All of these processing elements can run simultaneously. Each generator is divided functionally into an oscillator part and an envelope part. The oscillator part produces normalized square, sawtooth, pulse train, sin(x), sin(x+FM), and sum-of-cosines waveforms. The oscillator parameters that can be controlled include frequency (28 bits), frequency sweep (20), phase angle (20), number of cosines to be summed (if any), and a sum memory address from which frequency modulation (FM) data are taken. The envelope part can produce a constant (12), plus either a linear ramp (24) or a positive or negative exponential function to control the amplitude of the oscillator, with an overall precision of 20 bits. A final 12-by-13-bit two-quadrant multiply scales the oscillator product by the amplitude product, and the result is written to a specified 20-bit-wide sum memory location. In addition, the generators have degenerate modes in which they perform other nec? 1981 by D. Gareth Loy
The Frame of the Game: Blurring the Boundary between Fiction and Reality in Mobile Experiences

Mobile experiences that take place in public settings such as on city streets create new opportunities for interweaving the fictional world of a performance or game with the everyday physical world. A study of a touring performance reveals how designers generated excitement and dramatic tension by implicating bystanders and encouraging the (apparent) crossing of normal boundaries of behaviour. The study also shows how designers dealt with associated risks through a process of careful orchestration. Consequently, we extend an existing framework for designing spectator interfaces with the concept of performance frames, enabling us to distinguish audience from bystanders. We conclude that using ambiguity to blur the frame can be a powerful design tactic, empowering players to willingly suspend disbelief, so long as a safety-net of orchestration ensures that they do not stray into genuine difficulty.
Corpus-Based Extraction of Morpho-Syntactic Patterns for the Automatic Acquisition of Hypernymy

Espresso is a pattern-based algorithm of extracting lexical-semantic relations, defined for English. We present its adaptation to Polish. We consider not only the technicalities such as the existing language-processing tools for Polish, but also pattern structures which leverage the specificity of a highly inflectional language. We propose a new method of computing the reliability measure of extraction; this leads to a modified algorithm which we have named Estratto. Morpho-syntactic constraints increase the expressive power of patterns. Our application is the semiautomatic expansion of a wordnet. In this paper we investigate the influence of additional lexico-semantic data and information from generic patterns.
Design and modeling of proximity coupled patch antenna

In this paper, the design, modeling, and experimental validation of the model of a proximity coupled or electromagnetically coupled (EMC) linearly polarized patch antenna are presented. Guidelines for developing a simple model, and design of the EMC patch antennas are outlined. This work can be used for modeling and accurate design of the proximity coupled patch antenna without resorting to time consuming experimental optimization approach. The model presented in this paper predicts the resonant frequency of the antenna accurately.
Extracting Relevant Snippets fromWeb Documents through Language Model based Text Segmentation

Extracting a query-oriented snippet (or passage) and highlighting the relevant information in long document can help reduce the result navigation cost of end users. While the traditional approach of highlighting matching keywords helps when the search is keyword oriented, finding appropriate snippets to represent matches to more complex queries requires novel techniques that can help characterize the relevance of various parts of a document to the given query, succinctly. In this paper, we present a languagemodel based method for accurately detecting the most relevant passages of a given document. Unlike previous works in passage retrieval which focus on searching relevance nodes for filtering of preoccupied passages, we focus on query-informed segmentation for snippet extraction. The algorithms presented in this paper are currently being deployed in OASIS, a system to help reduce the navigational load of blind users in accessing Web-based digital libraries.
Mandarin Chinese Speakers in a Study Abroad Context: Does Acquisition of Formulaic Sequences Facilitate Fluent Speech in English?

In an effort to increase their English language proficiency, large numbers of speakers of Mandarin Chinese leave China every year to attend language programs abroad in English speaking countries. Expected benefits of studying abroad include greater facility with spoken language, including gains in spoken fluency. In applied linguistics, fluency is generally defined in terms of temporal variables of speech such as speed, pause phenomena, and length of runs between pauses. Evidence exists that the use of formulaic sequences, multi word units of language used as if they were single words, is a key component of fluent speech. The present study is an examination of the role of formulaic sequences in the fluency gain of three Mandarin Chinese speakers studying abroad in Canada. Results indicate that the participants increased their fluency over a six month period, and that use of formulaic sequences may have played a role.
Performance of cellular networks with relays and centralized scheduling

Future cellular wireless networks could include multi-hop transmission through relays. We propose a centralized downlink scheduling scheme in a cellular network with a small number of relays. The scheduling scheme has the property that it guarantees stability of the user queues for the largest set of arrival rates. We obtain throughput results by simulation for various scenarios and study the effect of number of relays, relay transmit power relative to the base station power and the effect of distributing a given total power between the base station and different numbers of relays. We find that with four relays deployed in each sector it is possible to achieve a 70% throughput gain excluding the signaling overhead.
Accurate smooth pursuit eye movements lead to more accurate manual interceptions

In ball sports, athletes are taught to keep their eyes on the ball to catch or hit it successfully. This intuitive field experience has already been studied in the laboratory, indicating that tracking a moving object with smooth pursuit eye movements enhances our ability to predict the object’s trajectory in time and space. Similarly, intercepting a moving object critically relies on motion prediction. Here we assessed the functional significance of eye movements for manual interceptions. In a novel paradigm, we asked observers (n=32) to track a small moving dot, back-projected onto a translucent screen, and to intercept it with their index finger in a designated ‘hit zone’. Hereby, only the first part (100-300 ms) of the trajectory was shown. Thus, observers had to extrapolate the trajectory and intercept its assumed position anywhere within the hit zone. Results show that better pursuit (low eye position and velocity error, high velocity gain, few catch-up saccades of small amplitude) lead to more accurate interceptions. A Hazard analysis yielded two interception strategies: Early interceptors relied on tracking quality and memory feedback given at the end of each trial, while late interceptors depended more on tracking smoothness, small initial saccades, and accurate eye latencies. Early interceptions (less time of invisibility) yielded smaller 2D interception error, while the interception timing was better for longer periods of smooth tracking (later interceptions). A regression model tree identified low tracking error and small saccadic eye movements as those eye parameters predicting accurate interceptions best. Not only do observers benefit from smooth pursuit eye movements during manual interception, but the interception accuracy also scales with the quality of the eye movements.
Coupling Visual Semantics and High-Level Relational Characterization within a Transparent and Penetrable Image Retrieval Framework

We propose to enhance the performance of the S.I. R. image indexing and retrieval architecture [1,2] through the integration of a query-by-example (QBE) framework based on high-level image descriptions instead of their extracted low-level features. This framework features a bi-facetted conceptual model coupling visual semantics and relational spatial characterization and operates on image objects (abstractions of visual entities) in an attempt to perform querying operations beyond state-of-the-art relevance feedback (RF) frameworks. Also, it manipulates a rich query language consisting of several boolean operators, which therefore leads to optimized user interaction and increased retrieval performance.
A simplified decision-directed threshold scheme for EPR4 channel detection

The ever-increasing quest to improve the storage density in digital magnetic recording channels has led to the adoption of some partial response signaling (PAS) polynomials as the pertinent equalization target; for instance, the class-IV PRS polynomial (PR4) and the extended class-IV PRS polynomial (EPR4). The PR4 model serves, as a compromise between storage density and hardware complexity, but the EPR4 is a better model for a very high-density recording channel; nonetheless it has a greater hardware implementation complexity. In this paper, it is shown that a decision-directed threshold approach could be applied to the EPR4 channel detection to reduce the complexity of implementation. Also, it is revealed that by using a computationally efficient threshold definition, a versatile detection scheme could be achieved for this complex, eight states, and five-level output EPR4 channel.