Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Full remission: a return to normal functioning.

The articles in this “Full remission in depression” section were written with one primary goal: to help those with major depressive disorders (MDD) achieve and sustain full remission. Although definitions of full remission vary, from a patient perspective, remission is the elimination of depressive symptoms and a return to premorbid levels of functioning.
A study to assess completeness of project application forms submitted to Institutional Ethics Committees (IEC) of a tertiary care hospital

Objectives: To review Ethics Committee (EC) application forms and to find out similarities and differences in content of five ECs forms in India. Materials and Methods: The completeness of EC application forms was assessed on the following themes: title, study team, sponsor responsibility, scientific aspects, patient safety, regulatory permissions, Informed consent process from 2008-2009. Application forms (available online) of 5 ECs were studied and compared. Results: A total of 445 application forms were analyzed, 382 were academic, 63 were sponsored. The common deficiencies in academic studies were inappropriate titles (25.13%), lack of budget details (90%). More than 95% studies had not mentioned the method of recruitment. The issue of vulnerability was not marked in more than 50% of studies. Compensation for participation/injury was poorly stated in academic (99%) studies. Among industry sponsored studies, 98% were compliant with regulatory permissions and 41% were CTRI registered. The information pertaining to Informed Consent was mentioned in all forms. Comparative analysis of application forms of 5 ECs showed that the requirements for submission were similar except 1-2 ECs asked for additional information like percentage of time allotted by investigator for studies, GCP training of study team, certification by investigator regarding accuracy of local versions of Informed consent. Conclusion: Our study recommends that increased awareness and vigilance by investigators of academic studies regarding submission of applications to EC will increase efficiency and speed of review process. A common application form for all ECs across India would be an important step to achieve uniformity in functioning of ethics committees.
Effects of Preoperative Clarithromycin Administration in Patients with Nasal Polyposis.

OBJECTIVE In recent years, various investigators have shown considerable interest in the use of macrolide antibiotics for treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of preoperative long-term, low-dose clarithromycin administration in patients with nasal polyposis. METHODS Eighty nasal polyp patients (42 non-atopic and 38 atopic) were included in this prospective, non-placebo controlled investigation and randomized equally to either the combined clarithromycin-surgical or surgical group. Forty patients received 500 mg of clarithromycin daily for eight weeks, and, after evaluation, they were treated by functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). The other 40 patients were treated only surgically. The nasal symptom scores and endoscopic scores after macrolide treatment/surgical treatment, and after six and 12 months of follow-up were evaluated. RESULTS After clarithromycin therapy, we found improvement in symptom scores in 25/40, and improvement in endoscopic scores in 19/40 patients. We found no significant difference in nasal symptom score between allergic and non-allergic patients regarding the outcome to macrolide (p = 0.352) or surgical treatment (p = 0.396). When we compared differences between endoscopic scores at the time points of 12 months and six months postoperatively (ESt12 minus ESt6), we found statistically lower differences in the clarithromycin-surgery group than in the surgery group (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION Preoperative clarithromycin administration postponed nasal polyp relapse after FESS. Allergies have no influence on the clinical efficacy of clarithromycin therapy and on the efficacy of FESS.
On Beamforming and Orthogonal Space-Time Coding in Cognitive Networks with Partial CSI

We consider a pair of secondary users that coexist, in a cognitive network, with multiple primary user pairs. The secondary link is supplied with partial network side information (NSI), which comprises message side information and partial channel side information (CSI), available in different levels at both the transmitter and the receiver of the cognitive link. The cognitive transceiver design has to obey predefined quality-of-service (QoS) criteria, that need to be maintained at the primary receivers, and at the same time properly handle the incoming interference from each primary transmitter in order to establish reliable communication. In this framework, we investigate the design and performance of the combined beamforming and orthogonal space-time block coding (BOSTBC) strategy, whose merits are well-documented, as a candidate transmission scheme for the secondary link. We study both aspects, QoS and interference, of the composite problem and characterize how they affect the beamformer design and the cognitive link performance, in the presence of partial NSI. Further, we propose a CSI quality-dependent model for the QoS criteria which yields an interesting trade-off between the cognitive link design and the primary QoS. Numerical results illustrate the system performance in this framework.
Nutrition for distance events

Abstract The goal of training is to prepare the distance athlete to perform at his or her best during major competitions. Whatever the event, nutrition plays a major role in the achievement of various factors that will see a runner or walker take the starting line in the best possible form. Everyday eating patterns must supply fuel and nutrients needed to optimize their performance during training sessions and to recover quickly afterwards. Carbohydrate and fluid intake before, during, and after a workout may help to reduce fatigue and enhance performance. Recovery eating should also consider issues for adaptation and the immune system that may involve intakes of protein and some micronutrients. Race preparation strategies should include preparation of adequate fuel stores, including carbohydrate loading for prolonged events such as the marathon or 50-km walk. Fluid and carbohydrate intake during races lasting an hour or more should also be considered. Sports foods and supplements of value to distance athletes include sports drinks and liquid meal supplements to allow nutrition goals to be achieved when normal foods are not practical. While caffeine is an ergogenic aid of possible value to distance athletes, most other supplements are of minimal benefit.
The Institutional Analysis on “Rich Poverty” Issue of Energy Chemical Industry Base in Northern Shaanxi

System defects and policy-related exclusion in the development and utilization of energy resources bring the problem of rich poverty to energy chemical industry base in Northern Shaanxi. The long-term existence of the rich poverty problem of energy chemical industry base in Northern Shaanxi forms a deep-seated constraint to the sustainable development of energy economy in Northern Shaanxi and the state’s energy security. From the present situation of poverty in Northern Shaanxi to build the system analysis framework of resource-based poverty problem of Northern Shaanxi, from several aspects including the irrational property rights system of natural resources, financial and taxation system, resource products pricing system, resources and ecological compensation mechanism and social responsibility system of energy corporate in the resources economic operation, to systematically analysis the long-standing system causes of the poverty of the energy chemical industry base in Northern Shaanxi, and propose specific ideas to reduce poverty in Northern Shaanxi.
Chunks in Chemie- und Physikaufgaben - Zusammenhang zwischen Gedächtniskapazität und Aufgabenkomplexität

Der Zusammenhang zwischen der Gedachtniskapazitat von Lernenden und der Komplexitat einer gestellten Aufgabe wurde in den 1980er Jahren durch Johnstone und El-Banna untersucht. Die Ergebnisse sind richtungsweisend fur die Gestaltung von Aufgaben, gerieten jedoch im Laufe der Jahre besonders in Deutschland weitgehend in Vergessenheit. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die Inhalte dieser Studie von Chemie- auf Physikaufgaben ubertragen. Von 16 Studierenden der Technischen Universitat Braunschweig wurden die Gedachtniskapazitaten bestimmt und diese mit den Ergebnissen eines Testes in Beziehung gesetzt, der aus sieben unterschiedlich schwierigen physikalischen Aufgaben bestand. Folgende These wurde dabei untersucht: Die Uberlastung des Arbeitsgedachtnisses einer Testperson ist dafur verantwortlich, dass bestimmte Aufgaben nicht gelost werden konnen. Schulerinnen / Schuler bzw. Studierende mit einer Gedachtniskapazitat von X Chunks (englisch: Klumpen oder Brocken) konnen nur Aufgaben mit einer Anzahl von maximal Z Losungsschritten bearbeiten, wenn Z ≤ X gilt. Trotz der geringen Teilnehmerzahl konnten die Ergebnisse von Johnstone und El-Banna reproduziert werden. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen Gedachtniskapazitat und Aufgabenkomplexitat ist klar erkennbar.
When insanity has gone undiscovered by the courts: The practice of the Norwegian Criminal Cases Review Commission in cases of doubts about insanity.

BACKGROUND England, Scotland and Norway have established Criminal Cases Review Commissions to review the convictions of persons who may have been wrongly found guilty of a criminal offence. AIMS The aim of this study was to explore the Norwegian Criminal Cases Review Commission (NCCRC) practice when legal insanity constitutes grounds for possible reopening of a criminal case. METHODS We identified all cases between 2004 and 2012 where an application to the NCCRC to reopen a case was on grounds of concerns about insanity. Data were extracted from records. Differences between reopened and disallowed insanity cases and variables that may explain the NCCRC's decision to reopen a case were analysed using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS Forty cases were allowed, and 34 disallowed. The NCCRC relied fully and unanimously on the conclusions of the expert reports in making these decisions. In 26 of the 40 cases that the Commission reopened, psychosis had gone undetected by the courts. Such undetected cases were most often discovered in the wake of a new criminal case in connection with the defendant. If the length of the sentence were short, it was less likely that insanity had been considered by the court in the index judgement. CONCLUSIONS The NCCRC may rely excessively on the forensic psychiatric reports. The experts' conclusions may be uncertain, given that they often have to look back several years to establish mental state and its relevance at the time of the crime. As nearly two-thirds of the reopened insanity cases had been given penalties of under 6 months, it may be asked whether such further investigation of fairly low-level crimes is the best use of resources. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal smoking and early childhood conduct problems: testing genetic and environmental explanations of the association.

BACKGROUND Extensive evidence now supports a statistical association between prenatal smoking and increased risk for antisocial outcomes in offspring. Though this statistical link may signal a causal association, commentators have urged caution in interpreting findings because of the likelihood of confounding. METHODS We used data from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a representative British sample of 1116 twin pairs studied at ages 5 and 7 years, to assess associations between prenatal smoking and early childhood conduct problems net of the effects of both heritable and environmental risks for child antisocial outcomes. RESULTS Prenatal smoking showed a strong, dose-response relationship with child conduct problems at ages 5 and 7 years. Around half of this association was attributable to correlated genetic effects. Mothers who smoked during pregnancy differed from other mothers in a number of ways. They were more likely to be antisocial, had children with more antisocial men, were bringing up their children in more disadvantaged circumstances, and were more likely to have had depression. Controlling for antisocial behavior in both parents, depression in mothers, family disadvantage, and genetic influences, estimates for the effects of prenatal smoking were reduced by between 75% and the entire initial effects. CONCLUSIONS Observed associations between prenatal smoking and childhood conduct problems are likely to be heavily confounded with other known risks for children's behavioral development. As a result, tests of any causal influence of prenatal smoking must await findings from experimental studies.
Single-Balloon Enteroscopy in Children: Initial Experience at a Pediatric Center

Single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) allows deep endoscopic access to the jejunum and ileum in adults; however, there are no published series describing the safety of, and indications for, SBE in a pediatric population. Seven pediatric patients (5–17 years) underwent SBE in a 9-month period. Five of 7 procedures achieved the goal. There were no serious complications, and SBE positively affected patient management in 5 of 7 cases. We conclude that SBE is feasible in a pediatric population and can positively affect patient care.
RoboCup Rescue project: challenges and benchmark

Disaster rescue is one of the most serious social issues which involves very large numbers of heterogenous agents in the hostile environment. The intention of the RoboCup Rescue project is to promote research and development in this socially significant domain by creating a standard simulator and forum for researchers and practitioners. While the rescue domain is intuitively appealing as a large scale multi-agent domain, it has not yet been given thorough analysis of its domain characteristics. We present detailed analysis of the task domain, challenges, and outline benchmark evaluations.
Coexistence of migraine and idiopathic intracranial hypertension without papilledema

Eighty-five patients with refractory transformed migraine type of chronic daily headache (CDH) had spinal tap as a part of diagnostic work-up. Twelve had increased intracranial pressure without papilledema, transient visual obscurations, or visual field defects. The headache profile of these 12 patients was not different from that of transformed migraine type of CDH. Acute headache exacerbations responded to specific antimigraine agents such as ergotamine, dihydroergotamine (DHE), and sumatriptan, whereas prophylactic antimigraine medications were only partially helpful. Addition of agents such as acetazolamide and furosemide, after the diagnosis of increased intracranial pressure, resulted in better control of symptoms. These observations suggest a link between migraine and idiopathic intracranial hypertension that needs further research. In refractory CDH with migrainous features, a spinal tap to exclude coexistent idiopathic intracranial hypertension without papilledema may be indicated.
DNN-Based Amplitude and Phase Feature Enhancement for Noise Robust Speaker Identification

The importance of the phase information of speech signal is gathering attention. Many researches indicate system combination of the amplitude and phase features is effective for improving speaker recognition performance under noisy environments. On the other hand, speech enhancement approach is taken usually to reduce the influence of noises. However, this approach only enhances the amplitude spectrum, therefor noisy phase spectrum is used for reconstructing the estimated signal. Recent years, DNN based feature enhancement is studied intensively for robust speech processing. This approach is expected to be effective also for phase-based feature. In this paper, we propose feature space enhancement of amplitude and phase features using deep neural network (DNN) for speaker identification. We used mel-frequency cepstral coefficients as an amplitude feature, and modified group delay cepstral coefficients as a phase feature. Simultaneous enhancement of amplitude and phase based feature was effective, and it achieved about 24% relative error reduction comparing with individual feature enhancement.
Conservation of genes and processes controlled by the quorum response in bacteria: characterization of genes controlled by the quorum‐sensing transcription factor ComA in Bacillus subtilis

Quorum or diffusion responses in bacteria are mediated by secreted signalling molecules that accumulate extracellularly as cultures grow to high density. The regulatory response to these signalling molecules can result in dramatic changes in gene expression. In Bacillus subtilis, a quorum response is mediated by a secreted 10‐amino‐acid modified peptide (ComX pheromone) that activates a receptor histidine kinase (ComP) that activates a response regulator transcription factor (ComA). We have used DNA microarrays to identify genes controlled by the ComX–ComP–ComA quorum‐sensing pathway. We found that ComX, ComP and ComA affect the same set of genes, indicating that the kinase ComP is the only receptor for the signalling molecule ComX, and that ComA is the only transcription factor activated directly by ComP, under the conditions tested. Expression of over 20 genes appears to be controlled directly by this signalling pathway, and expression of over 150 additional genes, including those involved in competence development, appears to be controlled indirectly. The genes affected appear to have three general functions: (i) to co‐ordinate physiological changes involved in developmental pathways, (ii) to produce extracellular products under conditions in which high concentrations of product are needed to be effective and (iii) to enhance survival, growth and colonization under conditions of crowding or limited diffusion. Many of the genes and processes controlled by the quorum response in B. subtilis are also regulated by quorum sensing in Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. The quorum‐sensing signalling molecules and regulatory proteins are quite different between Gram‐positives and Gram‐negatives and the convergent physiological regulation of similar genes and processes indicate the important and conserved nature of the quorum response.
UV protection and self-cleaning finish for cotton fabric using metal oxide nanoparticles

Ultra-violet protection and self-cleaning action of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) and titaniu m di-oxide (TiO2) with acrylic binder has been assessed on the cotton fabric using pad-dry-cure method. Different precursors, such as zinc acetate and titanium tetrachloride have been used to synthesize nanoparticles. Zinc acetate is synthesized into nanoparticle by wet chemical technique and titanium tetrachloride is synthesized into nanoparticle by sol-gel technique. The synthesized nanoparticles are then characterized by using particle size analyzer, X-ray diffractometery, fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The nano ZnO and TiO2 finished cotton fabrics are tested for ultraviolet protection factor, self-cleaning action and physical properties. The wash fastness of zinc oxide and titanium di-oxide nano finished cotton fabrics for 5 th , 10 th , 15 th and 20 th washes is assessed. The self-cleaning activity is assessed for 12, 24 and 48 h duration by exposing 6% of coffee stain on the specimen fabrics to sunlight. The ZnO nanoparticle is found to be 9 nm using zinc acetate as precursor and TiO2 nanoparticle is found to be 35 nm by titanium tetra chloride as precursor. In the case of ultraviolet protection function it is found that the fabrics treated with 35 nm nanoparticles exhibit better ultraviolet protection factor values than the fabrics treated with 9 nm nanoparticles. The smaller nanoparticles (9 nm) show better results with regard to self-cleaning. The washing durability of the imparted function is found to be in between 28 washes and 48 washes for ultraviolet protection.
Low-Power and Highly Uniform Switching in $ \hbox{ZrO}_{2}$-Based ReRAM With a Cu Nanocrystal Insertion Layer

In this letter, the insertion of a Cu nanocrystal (NC) layer between the Pt electrode and ZrO2 film is proposed as an effective method to improve resistive switching properties in the ZrO2-based resistive switching memory. This Cu/ZrO2:Cu/Cu NC/Pt memory exhibits asymmetric nonpolar resistive switching behavior, low operating voltage (<; 1.2 V), low Reset current (<; 50 μA), and high uniformity of resistance switching. The switching mechanism is believed to be related with the formation and rupture of conductive filament. The NC-induced electrical field enhancement has the benefit to accelerate and control the CF formation process, thus leading to low-switching threshold voltage and high uniformity.
Using the lived experiences of patients with Clostridium difficile infection to improve care.

AIM To better understand the lived experiences and needs of patients who have Clostridium difficile infection. METHOD Interviews were conducted with 15 patients in an acute hospital using an interpretative phenomenological approach. RESULTS Experiences vary and depend onthe severity of each individual patient's condition, among other factors. Four main themes were identified: physical suffering impacting on activities of daily living; lack of control over bowel function; a lack of understanding of the illness; and issues around privacy and dignity. CONCLUSION Nursing and medical staff need a better understanding of the experiences of patients who have C difficile in order to provide them with the knowledge, reassurance and dignity they need.
Passification of nonsquare linear systems

Necessary and sufficient conditions for feedback passivity (passifiablity) of nonsquare linear systems published in Russian and Western literature are surveyed. New output G-passifiability conditions for nonsquare linear systems are given. The proofs are based on Yakubovich-Kalman-Popov (Kalman-Yakubovich) lemma.
Safer staining method for acid fast bacilli

immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a specificity sensitivity of 93%). 2 Our results show of pylon IgG in children and in adult blood donors, but that the prevalence of Hpylori IgM antibodies is highest in the 18-25 year age group and that it decreases with age (fig-ure). Concentrations of IgG or IgM anti- bodies in H pyloon positive patients (measured by optical density at 470 nm) did not change with age. Our data strongly support their hypothesis of an age-cohort effect, with the acquisition of most H pylon infection during youth (below the age of 20 years). IgM titres consistent with a first contact with the infection associated with IgG titres, that consistently correlate with active H pylon gastritis, the hypothesis of a spontaneous elimination
Induction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA in the brain after peripheral endotoxin treatment: comparison with interleukin-1 family and interleukin-6.

The constitutive expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) mRNA and its induction (60 min later) by peripheral injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (2 mg/kg i.p.) was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in the pituitary and hypothalamus but not in the striatum or hippocampus of the rat. The pattern of TNF alpha mRNA induction is different from that observed for mRNAs of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, IL-1ra and IL-6 respectively. This demonstration of the induction of TNF alpha in the brain may contribute to our understanding of the central effects of TNF alpha in fever and anorexia.