Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Specific TCR-Peptide Binding From Large Dictionaries of TCR-Peptide Pairs

The T cell repertoire is composed of T cell receptors (TCR) selected by their cognate MHC-peptides and naive TCR that do not bind known peptides. We here show that the task of distinguishing a peptide binding TCR from a naive TCR can be performed with an accuracy of more than 99% and is mainly the result of peptide specific sequence motifs in the TCR. However, distinguishing between TCRs binding different peptides is more complex. Such a prediction is the key for using TCR repertoires as disease-specific biomarkers. We here used large scale TCR-peptide dictionaries with state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) methods to produce ERGO (pEptide tcR matchinG predictiOn), a highly specific classifier to predict which TCR binds to which peptide. We successfully employed ERGO for multiple related tasks: discrimination between specific peptide or antigen binding TCRs and naïve or memory TCRs, the more complicated task of distinguishing between TCRs that bind different peptides, and finally detecting TCRs binding to neo-antigen. We show that ERGO significantly outperforms all current methods for classification of TCRs that bind peptides, but more importantly can distinguish the specific target of a TCR among a large set of peptides. The software implementation and data sets are available at: https://github.com/IdoSpringer/ERGO One Sentence Summary The combination of advanced tools from natural language processing and large-scale dictionaries of T cell receptors and their target peptide precisely predicts whether a T cell would bind a specific target.
Influence of High-Pressure Annealing on Memory Properties of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Based 1T-FeRAM

We investigated the impact of high-pressure annealing (HPA) on the memory properties of one-transistor dynamic random-access memory (1TDRAM) using a coupled geometry of a metal-ferroelectric (Hf0.5Zr0.5O2)-metal (MFM) capacitor connected in series with a gate insulator (SiO2) of a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor. The MFM capacitors were fabricated under different HPA conditions followed by the measurement of ferroelectric characteristics. The obtained results (polarization-electric field curves) were used for extracting the Landau–Khalatnikov coefficients, and these were used with the help of using Sentaurus TCAD tool, to theoretically study various characteristics of the coupled system (1TDRAM), such as sub-threshold swing (SS), memory window (MW), and ON/OFF current ratio ( $\text{I}_{{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}}/\text{I}_{{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle OFF}}})$ . The output reflected that the MFM associated with 550°C HPA provides a wide MW (1.8–2.4 V based on area ratio), and the lowest SS (33mV/decade). Thus, the optimized HPA condition is promising in providing better results for various memory-based applications.
Nonlinear thermal stress/strain analyses of copper filled TSV (through silicon via) and their flip-chip microbumps

Most of TSVs are filled with the copper, even siliconpoly and tungsten are the alternatives. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of copper (~17.5x10-6/degC) is a few times higher than that of silicon (~2.5x10-6/degC). Thus, when the copper filled TSV is subjected to temperature loadings, there is a very large local thermal expansion mismatch between the copper and the silicon/dielectric (e.g., SiO2), which will create very large stresses and strains at the interfaces between the copper and the silicon and between the copper and the dielectric. These stresses/strains can be high enough to introduce delamination between the interfaces. In this study, the nonlinear thermal stresses and strains at the interfaces between the copper, silicon, and dielectric have been determined for a wide-range of aspect ratios (of the silicon thickness and the TSV diameter). One of the major applications of TSV is as an interposer. Because of Moore's (scaling/integration) law, the silicon chip is getting bigger, the pin-out is getting higher, and the pitch is getting finer. Thus, the conventional substrates, e.g., BT (bismaleimide triazine) cannot support these kinds of silicon chips anymore and a silicon interposer (substrate) is needed to redistribute the very fine-pitch and high pin-count pads on the chip to much larger pitch and less pin-count through the silicon vias on the silicon substrate. Depending on the via-size and pitch of the copper filled TSV, the effective CTE of the copper filled TSV interposer could be as high as 10x10-6/degC. Consequently, the global thermal expansion mismatch between the silicon chip and the copper filled TSV substrate can be very large and the bumps (usually very small, e.g., microbumps) between them may not be able to survive under thermal conditions. In this study, the nonlinear stresses and strains in the microbumps between the silicon chip and copper filled TSV interposer (with and without underfills) have been determined for a wide-range of via sizes and pitches, and various temperature conditions. These results should be useful for (1) making a decision if underfills are necessary for the reliability of microbumps, and (2) selecting underfill materials to minimize the stresses and strains in the microbumps.
MODIS thermal emissive bands calibration stability using in-situ ocean targets and remotely-sensed SST retrievals provided by the group for high resolution sea surface temperature

MODIS has 16 Thermal Emissive Bands (TEBs) whose wavelengths range from 3. 7μm to 14. 4μm and are calibrated using scan-by-scan observations of its on-board blackbody (BB). Specific Earth surface targets are used to track the long-term consistency, stability, and relative bias between the two MODIS instruments onboard the Terra and Aqua satellites. Previous studies displayed that cold targets have exhibited a relative bias (between Terra and Aqua MODIS Band 31 (11μm)) of less than 0.10K for more than a decade. However, these brightness temperatures are typically outside the MODIS BB calibration range. Hence, in-situ and remotely-sensed (RS) sea surface temperature (SST) measurements provide useful references for the more characteristic higher scene temperatures. Prior literature indicates that the MODIS TEBs have not been extensively evaluated for calibration stability using warmer targets for Collection 6.1 (C6.1), as it was recently implemented. This manuscript expands on the techniques previously applied to all TEBs using SST ocean buoys as reference for C6 by extending the long-term calibration stability and relative bias (between Terra and Aqua MODIS) discussion to present day and incorporating RS data provided by The Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) as proxy.
Descriptive and visual summaries of disaster events using artificial intelligence techniques: case studies of Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria

ABSTRACT People increasingly use microblogging platforms such as Twitter during natural disasters and emergencies. Research studies have revealed the usefulness of the data available on Twitter for several disaster response tasks. However, making sense of social media data is a challenging task due to several reasons such as limitations of available tools to analyse high-volume and high-velocity data streams, dealing with information overload, among others. To eliminate such limitations, in this work, we first show that textual and imagery content on social media provide complementary information useful to improve situational awareness. We then explore ways in which various Artificial Intelligence techniques from Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision fields can exploit such complementary information generated during disaster events. Finally, we propose a methodological approach that combines several computational techniques effectively in a unified framework to help humanitarian organisations in their relief efforts. We conduct extensive experiments using textual and imagery content from millions of tweets posted during the three major disaster events in the 2017 Atlantic Hurricane season. Our study reveals that the distributions of various types of useful information can inform crisis managers and responders and facilitate the development of future automated systems for disaster management.
Blockchain Technology for Parcel Delivery Systems.

Abstract. With the incredible growth of internet shopping over the last years, the delivery sector has gained increasing importance between existing economies, and the same has happened with the pressure, exigencies and expectations from consumers towards home delivery schemes. It is mainly because of this that it is important to pursuit the development of a delivery system that is consistent with this continuous rise of online commerce, while at the same time avoiding the possible negative effects caused by freight transports. It is under this context that the blockchain technology is to be analyzed. Being widely examined and implemented in the finance field, this technology shows great potential for its exploitation within different areas, including logistics. This dissertation attempts to provide with a general notion of the blockchain’s characteristics, its capability and possible applications in the logistics field, particularly into parcel delivery systems. After an information gathering, and properly introducing the principal subjects of interest, this paper makes use of a case study and application case scenario so as to recognize and explore existing projects and research on the matter, as well as to set the ground for further investigation and developments. Final analysis includes the impact of the technology’s implementation upon the actors inside a delivery system, its complexity and compatibility regarding current practices, and how the main problematics concerning delivery services are addressed by employing a blockchain-based alternative. Key terms: Blockchain Technology; Parcel Delivery; Urban Logistics; Smart Contracts; Supply Chain; Freight Transportation.
Pwm control of dual active bridge: Comprehensive analysis and experimental verification

The dual-active-bridge (DAB) topology is ideally suited for high-power dc-dc conversion, especially when bidirectional power transfer is required. However, it has the drawback of high circulating currents and hard switching at light loads, if wide variation in input and output is expected. To address these issues, this paper presents a comprehensive analysis and experimental results with pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) control of the DAB. The PWM control is in addition to phase-shift modulation between the two H-bridges. The analysis addresses PWM of one bridge at a time and of both bridges simultaneously. In the latter, five distinct modes arise based on the choice of PWM and load condition. The possibilities are analyzed for optimizing power density and efficiency for low-load operation. Finally, a composite scheme combining single and dual PWM is proposed that extends the soft-switching range down to zero-load condition, reduces rms and peak currents, and results in significant size reduction of the transformer. Experimental results are presented with a 10-kW prototype.
FORAMINAL NERVE SHEATH TUMORS: INTERMEDIATE FOLLOW‐UP AFTER CYBERKNIFE RADIOSURGERY

OBJECTIVETo conduct a retrospective review of outcomes in 15 patients with 18 foraminal tumors, including 17 benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors and 1 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, who underwent CyberKnife (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA) radiosurgery at Stanford University Medical Center from 1999 to 2006. METHODSSymptoms and findings, neurofibromatosis (NF) association, previous radiation, imaging, dosimetry, tumor volume, central necrosis, and the relation of these factors to outcomes were evaluated. RESULTSBefore treatment, 1 asymptomatic patient had radiculopathic findings, 3 patients experienced local pain with intact neurological examinations, and 7 patients had radiculopathic complaints with intact (1 patient), radiculopathic (4 patients), or radiculomyelopathic examinations (2 patients). Five patients had myelopathic complaints and findings. Three patients had NF1-associated neurofibromas, 1 patient with NF2 had a schwannoma, and 1 patient had a schwannomatosis-related lesion. Two likely radiation-induced lesions, a neurofibroma and a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, were observed. Prescribed doses ranging from 16 to 24 Gy, delivered in 1 to 3 fractions of 6 to 20 Gy, resulted in maximum tumor doses ranging from 20.9 to 30 Gy. Target volumes ranged from 1.36 to 16.9 mL. After radiosurgery, the asymptomatic case remained asymptomatic, and neurological findings improved. Thirteen of 15 symptomatic patients with (12 patients) or without (3 patients) neurological findings improved (3 cases after resection) or remained stable, and 2 patients worsened. Symptoms and examinations remained stable or improved in 8 (80%) of 10 patients with schwannomas and 3 (60%) of 5 patients with neurofibromas. Tumor volumes decreased in 12 (67%) of 18 tumors and increased in 3 tumors. Tumor volumes decreased in 8 of 10 schwannomas and 3 of 7 neurofibromas. Central necrosis developed in 8 (44%) of 18 tumors. CONCLUSIONCyberKnife radiosurgery resulted in pain relief and functional preservation in selected foraminal peripheral nerve sheath tumors and a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Symptomatic and neurological improvements were more noticeable with schwannomas. Myelopathic symptoms may necessitate surgical debulking before radiosurgery.
A rapid hierarchical rendering technique for translucent materials

This paper introduces an efficient two-pass rendering technique for translucent materials. We decouple the computation of irradiance at the surface from the evaluation of scattering inside the material. This is done by splitting the evaluation into two passes, where the first pass consists of computing the irradiance at selected points on the surface. The second pass uses a rapid hierarchical integration technique to evaluate a diffusion approximation based on the irradiance samples. This approach is substantially faster than previous methods for rendering translucent materials, and it has the advantage that it integrates seamlessly with both scanline rendering and global illumination methods. We show several images and animations from our implementation that demonstrate that the approach is both fast and robust, making it suitable for rendering translucent materials in production.
Analysis and control on networks: Trends and perspectives

In the last twentyfive years, there has been a dramatic increase of the number of works devoted to the analysis of flows dynamics on networks based on hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs), which appear versatile tools for the development of control strategies and real-time computational methods more efficient and less expensive than the ones derived by microscopic and discrete models, in particular for large-scale systems. The vitality of the field is also motivated by a wide range of strategic applications in modern society: from vehicular traffic and urban design to gas and water management, to biological and medical structures, to communication and data systems, to supply-chain planning, or also to social consensus patterns and cultural connections. In order to successfully address the challenging problems arising in these applications, the available analytic techniques of the theory of one-dimensional PDEs must be adapted to tackle the complex features of the specific models taken in consideration and combined with other tools and approaches developed within the control theoretic community. At the same time, a key role in this effort is played by the introduction and analysis of advanced numerical methods that allow to effectively test the theoretic findings in concrete problems. The workshop “Analysis and Control on Networks: trends and perspectives” that took place in Padova on March 9-11, 2016, brought together some of the leading experts in the fields of hyperbolic conservation laws and of control and optimization of PDEs, that have achieved most influential recent advances in these areas. The present and the previous Networks and Heterogeneous Media Issue collect some significative recent results related to the research area of continuous flows on network structures, most of which were discussed in the aforementioned workshop, without the pretence of covering all themes of this broad field. In particular, this volume focuses on the following topics:
The Influence of Family Background on Junior Middle School Students' Cognitive Ability

This article is based on the "China Education Tracking Survey" 2013-2014 data, to explore the phenomenon of the poor family difficult to have a success child. The problem is embodied as the impact of family capital on junior high school students' cognitive ability and academic performance. The research results show that family capital has a significant effect on cognitive ability test scores, and its effect is lower than that of the group with higher cognitive ability scores; the family capital does not exist on the academic performance of young people. It has a significant effect, but it has a positive effect on academic performance by affecting cognitive ability.
Utility of an Epidural Pressure Checker in the Administration of Trans-Laminar Epidural Blocks

Lower back pain (LBP) is one of the most common diseases in adults. The cumulative lifetime prevalence of LBP lasting at least two weeks is 13.8–30%. In addition, 70–85% of all people have back pain at some time in their life. Posterior axial neck pain is also common and the average annual incidence rate for cervical radiculopathy is 83.2 per 100000. An epidural block is an interventional pain management procedure used to treat spinal pain. This procedure was introduced in 1952 by Robecchiet al. and its usefulness has been reported by many previous investigators. Definitive identification of the epidural space is essential for achieving a successful epidural block. The loss of resistance (LOR) technique, the most commonly used method to identify the epidural space, was introduced by Sicard and Forestier in 1921. This procedure is conducted by applying pressure to the plunger using one’s thumb. However, this method has some disadvantages. A clear loss of resistance may not be felt in patients with an abnormal ligamentumflavum. In addition, Zarzuret al. reported that there is no naturally occurring negative pressure that leads to a loss of resistance in the epidural space. These limitations may result in unintended puncture of the dura, spinal cord injury or epi/subdural hematoma. A dural puncture and leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are the most common complications of an epidural block. It can cause a post-dural puncture headache, requiring that the patient be treated with bed rest, fluid therapy and hospitalization. In order to avoid these complications and enhance the safety and accuracy of this procedure, an epidural pressure checker (Epi-check, Silimed, Bucheon, Korea) was designed. The aim of this study was to identify the optimal negative pressure representing the epidural space in both the cervical and lumbar spine and to evaluate the accuracy of Epidural pressure checker ISSN 2466-0167 Asian J Pain 2016;2(1):6-9
Rivaroxaban for thromboprophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients.

From King’s College Hospital, London (A.T.C.); Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Montville (T.E.S.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (L.H.) — both in New Jersey; Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (H.R.B.); People’s Hospital of Peking University, Beijing (D.H.); Foothills Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada (R.H.); University Paris Diderot, pôle de recherche et d’enseignement supérieur Sorbonne Paris Cite and Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris (A.M.); Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia (G.M.); Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Dresden, Germany (S.S.); Hofstra North Shore– Long Island Jewish School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY (A.C.S.); and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.T.). Address reprint requests to Dr. Cohen at Vascular Medicine, Department of Vascular Surgery, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom, or at alexander.cohen@kcl.ac. uk.
Uso de biocidas y mecanismos de respuesta bacteriana

La constante aparicion de microorganismos que incrementan su tolerancia a sustancias utilizadas para su control como los biocidas esta generando atencion en salud publica y debe ser estudiado, teniendo en cuenta los diversos riesgos que se pueden enfrentar principalmente en pacientes con alta susceptibilidad a las infecciones asociadas a la atencion en salud, dado que estos biocidas son utilizados cotidianamente lo que ha generado mecanismos bacterianos como lo son la formacion de biopeliculas y aquellos que incrementan su tolerancia como la generacion de bombas de flujo. Esta respuesta bacteriana a la presion de los biocidas se potencia por la aparicion de microorganismos resistentes a los antimicrobianos de uso en el tratamiento y control de las infecciones lo que hace dificil el control de estos. Se realizo una revision de literatura disponible en las bases de datos Proquest, ovid, Science direct, PubMed, donde se encontraron un total de 103 articulos y se seleccionaron 73, de acuerdo con el ano de publicacion en los idiomas espanol e ingles, que incluyeron estudios descriptivos y de revision, sobre los principales mecanismos de accion de biocidas y el aumento a la tolerancia que presentan los microorganismos a estos; ademas de las implicaciones del uso de estas sustancias sobre la salud humana. Se observa que se relaciona el aumento de la tolerancia a los biocidas con la resistencia a los antibioticos y se recomienda continuo estudio de los mecanismos de respuesta bacteriana a la accion de dichas sustancias.
A Joint RSA Algorithm for Dynamic Flexible Optical Networking

We propose a novel algorithm to solve the Routing and Spectrum Allocation (RSA) problem in dynamic flexible grid optical networks. Unlike most previous proposals, the algorithm solves the R and SA problems jointly by exhaustively searching the solution space and taking the network state into account. As a result, the shortest possible path with enough spectrum availability is allocated to establish the connections. Simulation results show that, in terms of blocking ratio, our proposal significantly outperforms previously proposed algorithms. In some cases, the performance is better by more than one order of magnitude.