Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GAG replenishment therapy for bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis

To present a rationale for the inclusion of urothelial coating dysfunction in the etipathogenesis of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) and the preclinical and clinical evidence in support of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) replenishment therapy in the treatment of BPS/IC, supplemented by the clinical experience of medical experts in the field and patient advocates attending a symposium on GAG replenishment at ESSIC’17, the annual Meeting of the International Society for the Study of Bladder Pain Syndrome, held in Budapest, Hungary in 2017.
[Prevalence of diabetes and change among 7 to 17 years old children and adolescents in China in 2002-2012].

OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence of diabetes from 7 to 17 years old children and adolescents in China, and analyze the change during 2002-2012. METHODS Data was from China Nutrition and Health Survey( 2002) and China Nutrition and Health Surveillance( 2012). In 2002, 243 479 subjects were selected from 132 countries of mainland China by the multilevel stratified equal volume cluster random sampling method. In 2012, 183 137 subjects were selected from 205 countries of mainland China by the multilevel stratified equal proportional cluster random sampling. While 32161 and25376 plasma glucose test results were got in 2002 and 2012, respectively. Fasting plasma glucose and 2 h-OGTT levels were be used to diagnose diabetesbased on the guideline ofprevention and treatment for type 2 diabetes in China( 2010). RESULTS In 2002, the average fasting blood-glucose of Chinese children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 was( 4. 62± 0. 56 mmol/L), and in 2012, it was( 4. 91 ± 0. 67 mmol/L). In 2002, the prevalence of diabetes was 0. 24% among children and adolescents aged 7 to 17, the rate of impaired fasting blood-glucose was 0. 33%. In urban areas, the prevalence of diabetes was 0. 43%and the rate of impaired fasting blood-glucose was 0. 40%, and it was 0. 18% and 0. 29%in the rural areas. In 2012, the prevalence of diabetes was 0. 52% among children and adolescents aged 7 to 17, the rate of impaired fasting blood-glucose was 1. 95%, the prevalence of diabetes was 0. 38% and the impaired fasting blood-glucose rate was 1. 59%in urban areas, and it was 0. 60% and 2. 11% in the rural areas. CONCLUSION From2002 to 2012, the mean of FPG, the prevalence of diabetes and the rate of impaired fasting blood-glucose were rising among Chinese children and adolescents aged 7 to 17. The growth prevalence of diabetes in China was obvious, but the differences between the urban and rural areas, between low age group and high age group were not obvious.
Identification of Viral Taxon-Specific Genes (VTSG): Application to Caliciviridae

Virus taxonomy was initially determined by clinical experiments based on phenotype. However, with the development of sequence analysis methods, genotype-based classification was also applied. With the development of genome sequence analysis technology, there is an increasing demand for virus taxonomy to be extended from in vivo and in vitro to in silico. In this study, we verified the consistency of the current International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses taxonomy using an in silico approach, aiming to identify the specific sequence for each virus. We applied this approach to norovirus in Caliciviridae, which causes 90% of gastroenteritis cases worldwide. First, based on the dogma “protein structure determines its function,” we hypothesized that the specific sequence can be identified by the specific structure. Firstly, we extracted the coding region (CDS). Secondly, the CDS protein sequences of each genus were annotated by the conserved domain database (CDD) search. Finally, the conserved domains of each genus in Caliciviridae are classified by RPS-BLAST with CDD. The analysis result is that Caliciviridae has sequences including RNA helicase in common. In case of Norovirus, Calicivirus coat protein C terminal and viral polyprotein N-terminal appears as a specific domain in Caliciviridae. It does not include in the other genera in Caliciviridae. If this method is utilized to detect specific conserved domains, it can be used as classification keywords based on protein functional structure. After determining the specific protein domains, the specific protein domain sequences would be converted to gene sequences. This sequences would be re-used one of viral bio-marks.
Evaluation of Two Shaping Systems and Two Ultrasonic Irrigation Devices in Removing Root Canal Filling Material from Mesial Roots of Mandibular Molars: A Micro CT Study

We assessed the efficiency of two shaping file systems and two passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) devices for removing filling material during retreatment. The mesial canals from 44 extracted mandibular molars were prepared and obturated. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups, and then one group was retreated with Reciproc R25 (VDW, Munich, Germany) (n = 44) and the other group was retreated with 2Shape (TS, Micro Mega, Besançon, France) (n = 44). A micro-computed tomography (CT) scan was taken before and after the retreatment to assess the volume of the filling material remnants. The teeth were then randomly divided into four groups to test two different PUI devices: Irrisafe (Satelec Acteon Group, Merignac, France) and Endo Ultra (Vista Dental Products, Racine, WI, USA). The teeth in Group A were retreated with 2Shape to test the Endo Ultra (n = 22) device, the teeth in Group B were retreated with 2Shape in order to test the Irrisafe (n = 22) device, the teeth in Group C were retreated with Reciproc to test the Endo Ultra (n = 22) device, and Group D was retreated with Reciproc to test the Irrisafe (n = 22) device. A third micro-CT scan was taken after the retreatment to test the PUIs. The percentage of Gutta-Percha (GP) and sealer removed was 94.75% for TS2 (p < 0.001) and 89.3% for R25 (p < 0.001). The PUI significantly enhanced the removal of the filling material by 0.76% for Group A (p < 0.001), 1.47% for Group B (p < 0.001), 2.61% for Group C (p < 0.001), and by 1.66% for Group D (p < 0.001). 2Shape was more effective at removing the GP and sealer during retreatment (p = 0.018). The supplementary approach with PUI significantly improved filling material removal, with no statistical difference between the four groups (p = 0.106).
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Optimal Salvage Therapy in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis.

BACKGROUND Infliximab is an effective salvage therapy in acute severe ulcerative colitis; however, the optimal dosing strategy is unknown. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the impact of infliximab dosage and intensification on colectomy-free survival in acute severe ulcerative colitis. METHODS Studies reporting outcomes of hospitalized steroid-refractory acute severe ulcerative colitis treated with infliximab salvage were identified. Infliximab use was categorized by dose, dose number, and schedule. The primary outcome was colectomy-free survival at 3 months. Pooled proportions and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were reported. RESULTS Forty-one cohorts (n = 2158 cases) were included. Overall colectomy-free survival with infliximab salvage was 79.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 75.48% to 83.6%) at 3 months and 69.8% (95% CI, 65.7% to 73.7%) at 12 months. Colectomy-free survival at 3 months was superior with 5-mg/kg multiple (≥2) doses compared with single-dose induction (odds ratio [OR], 4.24; 95% CI, 2.44 to 7.36; P < 0.001). However, dose intensification with either high-dose or accelerated strategies was not significantly different to 5-mg/kg standard induction at 3 months (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.39 to 1.27; P = 0.24) despite being utilized in patients with a significantly higher mean C-reactive protein and lower albumin levels. CONCLUSIONS In acute severe ulcerative colitis, multiple 5-mg/kg infliximab doses are superior to single-dose salvage. Dose-intensified induction outcomes were not significantly different compared to standard induction and were more often used in patients with increased disease severity, which may have confounded the results. This meta-analysis highlights the marked variability in the management of infliximab salvage therapy and the need for further studies to determine the optimal dose strategy.
A Novel Gold Calreticulin Nanocomposite Based on Chitosan for Wound Healing in a Diabetic Mice Model

The development of new nanomaterials to promote wound healing is rising, because of their topical administration and easy functionalization with molecules that can improve and accelerate the process of healing. A nanocomposite of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with calreticulin was synthetized and evaluated. The ability of the nanocomposite to promote proliferation and migration was determined in vitro, and in vivo wound healing was evaluated using a mice model of diabetes established with streptozotocin (STZ). In vitro, the nanocomposite not affect the cell viability and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Moreover, the nanocomposite promotes the clonogenicity of keratinocytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts, and accelerates fibroblast migration. In vivo, mice treated with the nanocomposite presented significantly faster wound healing. The histological evaluation showed re-epithelization and the formation of granular tissue, as well as an increase of collagen deposition. Therefore, these results confirm the utility of AuNPs–calreticulin nanocomposites as potential treatment for wound healing of diabetic ulcers.
Comorbidity Patterns of Psychiatric Conditions in Canadian Armed Forces Personnel

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often accompanied by other mental health conditions, including major depressive disorder (MDD), substance misuse disorders, and anxiety disorders. The objective of the current study is to delineate classes of comorbidity and investigate predictors of comorbidity classes amongst a sample of Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Regular Force personnel. Methods: Latent class analyses (LCAs) were applied to cross-sectional data obtained between April and August 2013 from a nationally representative random sample of 6700 CAF Regular Force personnel who deployed to the mission in Afghanistan. Results: MDD was the most common diagnosis (8.0%), followed by PTSD (5.3%) and generalized anxiety disorder (4.7%). Of those with a mental health condition, LCA revealed 3 classes of comorbidity: a highly comorbid class (8.3%), a depressed-only class (4.6%), and an alcohol use–only class (3.1%). Multinomial logit regression showed that women (adjusted relative risk ratio [ARRR] = 2.77; 95% CI, 2.13 to 3.60; P < 0.01) and personnel reporting higher trauma exposure (ARRR = 4.18; 95% CI, 3.13 to 5.57; P < 0.01) were at increased risk of membership in the comorbid class compared to those without a mental health condition. When compared to those with no mental health condition, experiencing childhood abuse increased the risk of being in any comorbidity class. Conclusions: Results provide further evidence to support screening for and treatment of comorbid mental health conditions. The role of sex, childhood abuse, and combat deployment in determining class membership may also prove valuable for clinicians treating military-related mental health conditions.
Analysis of hyaluronic acid in the endometrium of women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract Endometrium extracellular matrix provides a wide range of signals at different cellular levels, like cell death and proliferation, which can be important for regulating menses and reducing the proliferative processes. The objective of this study is to evaluate hyaluronic acid concentration, the enzymes of hyaluronic acid synthases in the endometrium of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and eumenorrheic women. A total of 60 endometrial samples from 30 patients with PCOS and 30 women with regular menstrual cycles in the proliferative phase, attended at Gynecology Division of Clinical Hospital of the FMUSP (HC-USP). Profile determination and the concentration of hyaluronic acid was performed by the biochemical method of the fluorimetric assay (ELISA-like). Its location in the endometrial tissue as well as the dosage of enzymes synthases (HAS1, HAS2 and HAS3) was done by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Statistical analyses were performed with one-way ANOVA, followed by the Bonferroni test. Regarding hyaluronic acid synthases, there was a higher HAS1 and HAS2 reactivity and lower HAS3 reactivity in the PCOS endometrium compared to women with regular menstrual cycles in the proliferative phase. We suggest that PCOS patients have different composition of hyaluronic acid in relation to a regular cycle in the proliferative phase.
Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Tuber indicum from Different Geographical Regions of China

Tuber indicum, an endemic truffle species in eastern Asian, is an edible mushroom that is both an important export and widely distributed across China. Many existing studies on truffles focus on analyzing their taxonomy, population genetics, volatile organic compounds and artificial cultivation of the truffles, while little information is available about their nutrient composition and pharmacological activity, especially the relationship between chemical composition in ascocarps and their geographic distributions. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the chemical composition of T. indicum, including free sugars, fatty acids, organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and polysaccharides, and tracks the antioxidant activity of T. indicum ascocarps collected from five geographical regions of four provinces in P. R. China: Hebei, Tibet, Yunnan, and Liaoning province. Our results showed that T. indicum collected from Qujing, Yunnan province, possessed the highest amount of free sugars (23.67 mg/g dw), total flavonoids (2.31 mg/g dw), total phenolics (4.46 mg/g dw) and the highest DPPH and ABTS radical‐scavenging activities. The amount of water‐soluble polysaccharides was the highest (115.24 mg/g dw) in ascocarps from Tibet, the total organic acids was the highest (22.073 mg/g dw) in ascocarps from Gongshan, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were most abundant in those from Hebei province. This study reveals that the quantity of chemical compounds in T. indicum varies by geographical origin. Detecting differences in chemical composition may provide important data for understanding the relationship between environmental factors and truffle formation, as well as quality evaluation of the commercial species T. indicum throughout China.
Left ventricular hypertrophy, arterial stiffness and blood pressure: exploring the Bermuda Triangle.

L eft ventricular (LV) mass is directly linked to LV afterload, defined as the hydraulic load imposed by the systemic circulation. The latter is easily approximated in everyday clinical practice with brachial blood pressure (BP). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an important marker of hypertension-mediated organ damage [1] and an intermediate step from hypertension to heart failure [2]. LVH regression is accomplished with brachial BP lowering [3], and has favorable prognostic cardiovascular (CV) implications, independently and beyond brachial BP reduction [4]. Therefore, LVH, because of high BP, is not only a strong mediator of heart disease, but also a potent surrogate biomarker of cardiovascular death, useful to guide effective BP-lowering strategies. Rather than considering LV afterload merely as BP waveform’s extremes (i.e. SBP and DBP), and merely at the peripheral circulation (brachial artery), the contemporary view of cardiovascular haemodynamics takes pulsatile phenomena and central (aortic) haemodynamics into consideration. Brachial and central pulse pressures as well as wave reflections are closely related to LV late systolic afterload, remodelling and LVH, diastolic dysfunction, exercise capacity, and, in the long-term, the risk of new-onset heart failure [5]. In this scenario, arterial – in particular aortic – stiffness, expressed as pulse wave velocity (PWV), seems to be a major player. Aortic stiffening, although not a direct measure of ventricular afterload, is highly informative of arterial wall properties, reflecting large artery damage in hypertension [1], and has important prognostic implications [6]. Moreover, PWV also is closely associated with BP and its changes [7], although BP-independent reduction of carotid–femoral PWV (cfPWV) under long-lasting antihypertensive therapy has been suggested [8]. Reduction in cfPWV also has prognostic implications, independent from BP, at least in patients with end-stage renal disease
Genetic Polymorphisms in LTF/EcoRI and TLR4/AluI loci as candidates for milk and reproductive performance assessment in Holstein cattle

The aim of this study was to explore the genetic polymorphisms in LTF/EcoRI and TLR4/AluI loci and their association with milk and reproductive performance in Holstein cattle. A randomly selected 800 Holstein dairy cows from two dairy farms (400 animals each) in Egypt were used. Based on the two farm records, association between LTF/EcoRI genotypes and milk performance traits (order of lactation, daily milk yield, days in milk, corrected milk at 305 day and dry period) was carried out. Meanwhile, exploring of TLR4/AluI genotypes effect was done on data for reproductive performance (age at first freshening, calving interval, number of services per conception, ovarian rebound and days open). DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from Holstein dairy cows of the both farms and restriction analysis of 301-bp PCR products of LTF gene revealed two genotypes: AA genotype (301 bp) and AB genotype (301, 201 and 100 bp). Meanwhile, restriction analysis of 382-bp PCR products of TLR4 gene digested with AluI yielded two alleles (A and B) and three genotypes (AA, AB and BB). The A allele was indicated by two bands at 300 and 82 bp, and the B allele resulted in three fragments of 160, 140 and 82 bp. There was a significant association (p ≤ 0.05) between LTF genotypes and milk performance traits except for days in milk. The TLR4 genotypes had significant effects (p ≤ 0.05) on age at first freshening, calving interval, number of services per conception, ovarian rebound and days open. Ordinal logistic regression statistical model also revealed that it is possible to calculate high reproductive performance traits and to predict favourable dairy cows based on LTF and TLR4 genotypes. This research reveals the effectiveness of LTF/EcoRI and TLR4/AluI loci as candidates for reproductive performance assessment in Holstein cattle.
Kinesin family member 20B regulates tongue cancer progression by promoting cell proliferation

Oral cancer refers to the malignant tumors that occur in the oral cavity, of which 80% are squamous cell carcinomas. The incidence of oral cancer accounts for ~5% of the incidence of systemic malignancies, with rapid progression, extensive infiltration and poor prognosis. In the present study, Kinesin family member (KIF)20B, a member of Kinesin-6 family, was identified as a potential biomarker which could promote cancer progression. A total of 82 patients were recruited and KIF20B expression levels were investigated by immunohistochemistry, and were divided into high and low groups based on the median of KIF20B expression levels. The clinicopathological features and survival-associated data of the two groups were analyzed and the results were provided as a table and by a Kaplan-Meier plot, respectively. Additionally, KIF20B was successfully silenced in two tongue cancer cell lines, CAL-27 and TCA-8113. MTT and colony formation assay were performed to determine the changes of cell proliferation in knocked down-KIF20B cell lines. In addition, proliferation-associated proteins Ki67 and PCNA were investigated, by western blotting. In animal experiments, subcutaneous tumor formation was performed with control cells and cells with knocked down KIF20B, to determine the inhibitory effect of KIF20B in vivo. Firstly, it was found that there was significantly high expression levels of KIF20B in tongue cancer patients (P<0.05). Patients with high expression of KIF20B had poorer clinicopathological results including tumor differentiation level, lymph node metastasis and clinical stages. The overall survival and relapse-free survival of high-expression group were also poor. Secondly, after successful establishment of cells with knocked down KIF20B, this resulted in a notable reduction in cell proliferation in vitro. Subsequent western blotting further confirmed that Ki67 and PCNA expression levels had a significant decline. Finally, it was demonstrated that knocking down KIF20B could inhibit tumor volume growth in vivo. In conclusion, the high level of KIF20B in oral squamous cell carcinoma was significantly associated with poor clinicopathological features and survival. KIF20B might promote cancer development through enhancing cell proliferation in vitro, and might be a potential biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Nonobstructive coronary artery myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, ventricular aneurysm, and incessant ventricular arrhythmia

Rationale: Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary artery (MINOCA) is one of the common causes of cardiac related death. While patients with MINOCA usually do not need coronary artery intervention treatments, the prognosis could be worsened if the condition is not appropriately managed. This report describes a case of MINOCA patient suffered with multiple complications. Patient concerns: A 63-year-old female was admitted to the emergency department with acute onset of chest pain, electrocardiogram showed ST segment elevation in precordium leads. Diagnosis: Emergency coronary artery angiogram no significant coronary artery stenosis being observed. The diagnosis of MINOCA was established. She subsequently developed ventricular thrombus, heart failure, and ventricular arrhythmia. Interventions: The patient's ventricular tachycardia (VT) was refractory to different treatments. Due to the presence of a ventricular thrombus, epicardial ablation was performed but the VT recurred. The patient was then successfully treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator and surgical removal of the ventricular aneurysm. Outcomes: The patient was free of events during the 3-month follow-up period after the surgery. Lessons: MINOCA can occur with multiple complications, and surgical removal of a ventricular aneurysm can successfully recover the cardiac geometry during contraction leading to an improvement of the left ventricular bump function, as well as the removal of the potentially pathological loci of the VT.