Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of linseed oil and of linseed oil fatty acids incorporated in the diet on the metabolism of sheep

1. Three sheep were given three diets, a control diet consisting mainly of cereals, a similar diet incorporating linseed oil (mainly glycerides of linolenic acid) and a diet incorporating free fatty acids derived from linseed oil. The diets were given at the maintenance level and at twice this level according to a latin square design. 2. Complete energy balance was obtained and the digestibilities of cellulose and lipid were determined with each sheep receiving each diet. The relative amounts of various fatty acids in the dietary and faecal lipids were also estimated. 3. The inclusion of lipids in the diet resulted in a significant decrease in cellulose digestion, whereas the lipid digestibility increased. 4. The proportion of C18 acids increased in the faeces, and the proportion of bacterial fatty acids decreased, but since the total amount of fatty acids excreted increased, the amount of bacterial fatty acids excreted per day did not differ significantly in animals receiving the control diet and the diets containing added lipids. 5. The addition of lipids to the diet resulted in a highly significant drop in methane production, the depression being about 25% of the control value. The depression (28.9 kcal/100 kcal of fatty acids given) was considerably greater than the depression produced by continuous infusion of the same amount of fatty acids. 6. Because of the depression of CH4 production and of some reduction in the urinary energy losses, the addition of lipids to the basal diet increased the metabolizable energy by about 9.5 kcal/100 g of the basal diet. 7. The efficiencies of utilization of metabolizable energy were not significantly affected by addition of lipids, being about 82% for maintenance and 62% for fattening. 8. In an experiment with one sheep, comparison was made between the effect of slow continous infusion of fatty acids over 24 h and the effect of rapid infusion of the same amount twice daily during feeding. The continuous infusion of linseed oil fatty acids resulted in a drop in CH4 production of 16.3 kcal/100 kcal of fatty acids given. This was in good agreement with previous findings. Rapid infusion of these fatty acids resulted in a drop in CH, production, amounting to 28.0 kcal/100 kcal of fatty acids infused. This is comparable with the reduction of 28.9 kcal/100 kcal fatty acids when the fatty acids were incorporated in the diet.
Individual differences in ability to control heart rate: personality, strategy, physiological and other variables.

Three experiments (total N = 102) are reported which examined the relationship between individual ~ in ability to control heart rate (HR) with feedback and differences in self-reported cognitive strategies. penooallty variables (locus of control, state and trait anxiety), physiological variables (respiration. somatic activity, basal HR and HR variability, and initial ability to control HR withoutfeedback). and several awdliary variables (e.g., weight, smoking, gender, exercise, and meditation). Two sets of analyses were performed. In the fim set, differences in cognitive strategies and physiological concomitants between HR decrease and HR increase were studied revealing disparate patterns of cognitive strategies and physiological concomitants for the two directions of HR control. in the second set, the group of cognitive, strategy, personality, physiological, and auxiliary variables was searched to determine if any variables were related to individual differences in ability to decrease or increase HR. Cognitive strategies, personality. and auxiliary variables were generally unrelated to ability to control HR in either direction. Use of two cognitive strategies was foond to be associated with lack of ability to increase HR, and non-smokers were better able to decrease HR. Strong relationships were found for somatic activity and ability to control HR without feedback, both of whlcli successfully predicted dlft'erences in ability to decrease and increase HR with feedback. Implications of these findings for past and future studies of voluntary control of HR are discussed. DESCRIPTORS: Individual differences, Heart rate, Voluntary control, Biofeedback, Cognitive strategy, Locus of control, Anxiety.
SENSING FOR IMPROPER SIGNALS OVER FREQUENCY SELECTIVE CHANNELS

We consider multiple antenna spectrun sensing for improper complex primary user (PU) signals. Past work on this problem is limited to PU Gaussian signals over flat fading channels. We allow non-Gaussian signals over frequency-selective channels. A binary hypothesis testing approach is formulated and a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is derived using the power spectral density estimator of an augmented sequence. An analytical solution for calculating the test threshold is provided. The results are illustrated via simulations.
A calibration-free lens distortion correction method for low cost digital imaging

This paper describes a new lens distortion correction method suitable for consumer digital imaging and consequent mobile computing applications. First, a convenient way of camera calibration for lens distortion coefficient estimation is proposed with experimental validation. An image warping method for lens distortion removal is formulated by inverse spatial mapping; subsequently, an approximation scheme is proposed which is adapted for real-time application. Finally, the method is extended such that the calibration stage can be completely removed. Experimental results show that the proposed method effectively replaces costly calibration process and provides a distortion-free quality image.
A Compact and Stable Temperature Sensor Based on a Gourd-Shaped Microfiber

A compact and stable temperature sensor based on a gourd-shaped microfiber is fabricated and experimentally demonstrated. Claddings of the two microspheric structured fibers, which constitute the gourd shape, are spliced together but their cores are not. The transmission spectrum of the sensor features interference fringe due to the cavity formed inside the gourd-shaped microfiber. Increasing temperatures results in a significant red shift of fringe dip wavelength with a slope of $\sim 17.15$ pm/°C. Linear and parabolic fitting are both done to the measurements, enabling temperature measurements with high sensitivity and accuracy. The high stability and reliability of the sensor are corroborated keeping at different temperatures.
Generations X and Y’s Adoption of Internet and Internet Banking in Nigeria: A Qualitative Study

Recent surveys show that more than 65% of internet users in Nigeria are between 18-46 years old. However, evidence from previous research stressed that as opposed to generation X, generation Y are more likely to adopt new technologies. This paper examined the use of internet and internet banking by two different generations in the Nigeria context. Students and young graduates who occupy these ladders were used as subjects of the research. Two hundred and thirty students generations X and Y were sampled. Findings revealed that both generations within the Nigerian context are technologically inclined; however, certain factors serve as barriers to their adoption of internet banking services as opposed to their frequent use of the internet for other purposes. Risks, security and privacy, dearth of telecommunication infrastructures, and poor state of the Nigerian economy were found to be barriers within the data analyzed. This research contends that the Nigerian government and the financial institutions must address the barriers to make for a full adoption of internet banking services and proposes the relationship marketing of these generations, especially generation Y as potential users of the bank and its services.
Comment on ‘p.E66Q mutation in the GLA gene is associated with a high risk of cerebral small‐vessel occlusion in elderly Japanese males’

A. Satomura, M. Yanai, T. Fujita and T. Nakayama Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo; Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo; and Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
Barriers to Disclosing and Reporting Violence Among Women in Pakistan: Findings From a National Household Survey and Focus Group Discussions

Worldwide, many women who experience domestic violence keep their experience secret. Few report to official bodies. In a national survey of abuse against women in Pakistan, we examined factors related to disclosure: women who had experienced physical violence telling someone about it. In focus groups, we explored why women do not report domestic violence. Nearly one third of the 23,430 women interviewed had experienced physical violence. Only 35% of them had told anyone about it, almost always someone within their own family. Several personal and family factors were associated with disclosure. Having discussed the issue and feeling empowered to discuss violence were consistent associations. Of the 7,895 women who had suffered physical violence, only 14 had reported the matter to the police. Female focus groups said women who report violence risk their reputation and bring dishonor to the family; women fear reporting violence because it may exacerbate the problem and may lead to separation or divorce and loss of their children. Focus groups of men and women were skeptical about community leaders, councilors, and religious leaders supporting reporting of violence. They suggested setting up local groups where abused women could seek help and advice. There are strong disincentives to reporting violence in Pakistan, which are well known to women. Until better systems for reporting and dealing with reported cases are in place, domestic violence will continue to be a hidden scourge here and elsewhere.
Autopsy series of 68 cases dying before and during the 1918 influenza pandemic peak

The 1918 to 1919 “Spanish” influenza pandemic virus killed up to 50 million people. We report here clinical, pathological, bacteriological, and virological findings in 68 fatal American influenza/pneumonia military patients dying between May and October of 1918, a period that includes ∼4 mo before the 1918 pandemic was recognized, and 2 mo (September–October 1918) during which it appeared and peaked. The lung tissues of 37 of these cases were positive for influenza viral antigens or viral RNA, including four from the prepandemic period (May–August). The prepandemic and pandemic peak cases were indistinguishable clinically and pathologically. All 68 cases had histological evidence of bacterial pneumonia, and 94% showed abundant bacteria on Gram stain. Sequence analysis of the viral hemagglutinin receptor-binding domain performed on RNA from 13 cases suggested a trend from a more “avian-like” viral receptor specificity with G222 in prepandemic cases to a more “human-like” specificity associated with D222 in pandemic peak cases. Viral antigen distribution in the respiratory tree, however, was not apparently different between prepandemic and pandemic peak cases, or between infections with viruses bearing different receptor-binding polymorphisms. The 1918 pandemic virus was circulating for at least 4 mo in the United States before it was recognized epidemiologically in September 1918. The causes of the unusually high mortality in the 1918 pandemic were not explained by the pathological and virological parameters examined. These findings have important implications for understanding the origins and evolution of pandemic influenza viruses.
An ascending single‐dose safety and tolerance study of an oral formulation of rabeprazole (E3810)

Proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole produce a long‐lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion associated with significant increases in plasma gastrin. Rabeprazole (E3810) is a new substituted benzimidazole H+,K+ ATPase inhibitor. It acts as an irreversible, non‐competitive inhibitor of the H+,K+ ATPase and preliminary studies demonstrate that rabeprazole produces a potent and long‐lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion and a low level of hypergastrinaemia.
Photoinduced Electron Transfer from a Conducting Polymer to Buckminsterfullerene

Evidence for photoinduced electron transfer from the excited state of a conducting polymer onto buckminsterfullerene, C60, is reported. After photo-excitation of the conjugated polymer with light of energy greater than the π-π* gap, an electron transfer to the C60 molecule is initiated. Photoinduced optical absorption studies demonstrate a different excitation spectrum for the composite as compared to the separate components, consistent with photo-excited charge transfer. A photoinduced electron spin resonance signal exhibits signatures of both the conducting polymer cation and the C60 anion. Because the photoluminescence in the conducting polymer is quenched by interaction with C60, the data imply that charge transfer from the excited state occurs on a picosecond time scale. The charge-separated state in composite films is metastable at low temperatures.
Research on Uyghur Handwriting Identification Technology Based on Stroke Statistical Features

The automatic handwriting identification is a hot topic in pattern recognition that it has been extensively studied in many languages. A Uyghur handwriting identification technique based on the stroke statistical features is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the handwriting image is preprocessed taking modified methods of grid line removal, noise reduction and thinning. Then novel stroke statistical features are extracted based on the structural character and writing styles of Uyghur handwriting. And this approach respectively achieves a top 1 and top 2 identification rates of 98.66% and 99.78% on the Uyghur handwriting data set from 224 different people. Finally, Comparison analysis of different stroke length and distance measurement method has been conducted through three different kinds of experiments, the optimal stroke length and distance measurement method is determined, and its effectiveness and stability are tested. The stroke statistical features can capture the structural character and writing style of Uyghur handwriting efficiently, and it is suitable for any languages theoretically.
An improved bioassay facilitates the screening of repellents against cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae).

BACKGROUND Repellents are a common method for preventing flea bites, making an effective system for flea repellent screening advantageous. We describe an improved technique to facilitate repellent activity screening of numerous plant-based Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea) repellents. RESULTS Two long strips of filter paper were impregnated with test compounds (dissolved in ethanol) and ethanol only, respectively. After drying, the two filter papers were glued together along the long side and inserted into a glass tube containing non-fed cat fleas. The distribution of cat fleas in each half of the filter paper was recorded after 30 min to calculate repellency. Results showed that the essential oil of Cinnamomum osmophloeum (from leaf), Taiwania cryptomerioides (from heartwood) and Plectranthus amboinicus (from leaf) exhibits repellent activity against cat fleas in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, the repellent activities against cat fleas of 2% trans-cinnamaldehyde (the main constituent of Ci. osmophloeum essential oil) and 0.5% thymol (the main constituent of P. amboinicus essential oil) are 97.6% and 90.6%, and can persist for up to 4 and 8 h, respectively. These results are comparable to those of 15% DEET. CONCLUSION The proposed screening technique can facilitate the pre-screening of numerous flea repellents for further evaluation on animal or human subjects.
An adaptive ramp compensation scheme to improve stability for DC-DC converters with ripple-based constant on-time control

This paper proposes an adaptive compensation scheme for buck converters with ripple-based constant on-time control in order to eliminate the sub-harmonic oscillation. In comparison with traditional ramp compensation approaches, the new scheme reduces the required compensation to avoid sub-harmonic oscillation by alternating cycles to provide ramp compensation. Also, more importantly, amplitude of the compensation ramp is adaptively adjusted according to feedback of off-time difference. This minimizes the ramp amplitude at steady state, and thus, reduces the impact on transient response. In addition to theoretical analysis, experimental results verify the effect of the proposed approach.
A fast computation of Hahn moments for binary and gray-scale images

The discrete orthogonal moments have been introduced in the fields of images analysis (reconstruction, classification, indexation, recognition of shapes, .). They have excellent capacity of representing the image than the continuous orthogonal moments. The problem that limits the use of moments is the high cost of calculation. So as to resolve the problem, we are going to present, in this paper, a method to accelerate the time of the calculation of Hahn's moments for binary and gray-scale images. The method is based on the calculation of Hahn's discrete orthogonal polynomials considering the recurrence relation with respect to variable x and order n, and applying the algorithm image block representation IBR for binary images and PIBR for gray-scale images. The moments of image can be obtained from the moments of all blocks. Thus, it can accelerate the computational efficiency since the number of blocks is less than the size of the image. This method also accelerates the reconstruction's time of images and the quality of reconstruction which will be evaluated by the calculation of error of reconstruction (mse).
Caracterização Química e Funcional do Resíduo Fibroso da Indústria Cervejeira

O aproveitamento de residuos agroindustriais como fonte de materia-prima para novos materias e produtos vem despertando o interesse de pesquisadores no mundo todo. O bagaco de malte, um subproduto obtido no inicio do processo de producao de cerveja, e um material rico em fibras e proteinas e ainda muito pouco estudado. Este trabalho, teve o objetivo de caracterizar a composicao quimica da fracao fibrosa do bagaco de malte e suas propriedades funcionais. Foram determinados o teor de celulose, lignina e hemicelulose. As propriedades funcionais avaliadas foram: pH, capacidade de absorcao de agua (CAA), capacidade de absorcao de oleo (CAO), volume de intumescimento (VI), capacidade de emulsificacao (CE) e atividade emulsificante (AE). Os resultados mostraram que o bagaco de malte apresenta elevados teores de fibras, composto por 12,29% de celulose, 26,13% de lignina e 23,41% de hemicelulose e os valores encontrados para as propriedades funcionais foram similares a outros residuos agroindustriais.
Design of spherical meanderline antennas

We present a new study of an electrically small spherical antenna with Q approaching the lower bound. The structure is a natural successor to earlier work by some of the present authors [1] and is designed to excite the TM10 spherical mode for minimum Q. This new topology consists of meanderline arms entirely conformal to a spherical surface, facilitated by a precise conformal printing technique. Measurements of some antenna prototypes are presented in [2] but without a complete discussion of the electromagnetic design considerations. Here, we discuss details of the design parameters, material choices and a technique for mitigating the excitation of higher order modes which disrupt the impedance behavior of the structure. The presentation will include measured results of antennas at several different electrical sizes printed on both the concave and convex surface of a hemisphere.
Expression of adenosine triphosphate P2X3 receptors in rat molar pulp and trigeminal ganglia.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of adenosine triphosphate P2X3 receptor subunits in rat molar pulp and trigeminal ganglia and their relationship to substance P. STUDY DESIGN Rat molar pulp and trigeminal ganglia were fixed and sectioned. Double immunostaining with anti-P2X3 and anti-substance P were used to localize P2X3 and substance P expression simultaneously with different stains. RESULTS P2X3 immunoreactivity (IR) fibers were present in root and coronal pulp. P2X3-IR fibers formed subodontoblastic plexus and advanced into the predentin and dentin. P2X3-IR neurons were localized in small and medium-sized cells in trigeminal ganglia. Colocalization of P2X3 and substance P was not found in either molar pulp or trigeminal ganglia. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicated that adenosine triphosphate in pulp tissues may stimulate a subpopulation of non-substance P trigeminal afferent fibers through activation of P2X3 receptors.
Effect of a thioalkane capping layer on the first hyperpolarizabilities of gold and silver nanoparticles

We have measured the first hyperpolarizabilities of thioalkane capped silver and gold metallic nanoparticles. The values found are βAgC 12−10 nm = (2.10 ± 0.23) × 10−26 esu for 10 nm diameter silver nanoparticles and βAuC 18−18 nm = (3.37 ± 0.08) × 10−26 esu for 18 nm diameter gold nanoparticles at the fundamental wavelength of 784 nm. By comparison to the corresponding values reported for citrate capped silver and gold metallic nanoparticles, after size corrections, decreases by factors of 4.3 and 6.5 respectively are observed. These decreases are tentatively attributed to the bonds formed between the gold and silver surface atoms and the sulfur atoms of the capping layer.
¿Qué es el sector de servicios, cómo se regula, cómo se comercia y cuál es su impacto en la economía?

La importancia del sector de servicios dentro de la produccion y el comercio ha venido creciendo en las ultimas decadas. Ademas, el desarrollo del sector ha tenido implicaciones directas sobre el resto de la economia, ya que es un intermediario importante en la produccion de otros bienes. Como consecuencia, la liberalizacion de este sector dentro del marco de un acuerdo comercial, tiene implicaciones diferentes sobre la economia que la negociacion solo de acceso a mercados en bienes. Este trabajo muestra las particularidades del sector de servicios en terminos de su produccion, regulacion y comercio. Adicionalmente, hace un resumen de la literatura en cuanto a la forma de cuantificar las barreras a los servicios y los resultados que se han obtenido al estudiar las implicaciones de una liberalizacion del sector en la economia.
A DEPRESSÃO E OS TRATAMENTOS FARMACOTERÁPICOS – UM PERFIL DOS FÁRMACOS MAIS UTILIZADOS E OS SEUS USUÁRIOS EM BARRA DO GARÇAS - MT

A depressao e uma doenca psicossomatica que afeta o comportamento do individuo, pois atinge o seu sistema nervoso central, interferindo nas emocoes, pensamentos e percepcao deste. Os fatores que desenvolvem um episodio depressivo podem ser geneticos, psicologicos, ambientais ou clinicos. Suas manifestacoes vao da melancolia ao ponto mais critico: o suicidio. Dada a complexidade dessa doenca, os especialistas buscaram sistematiza-la de maneira a estabelecer uma possivel relacao a causas hereditarias ou geneticas. Inicialmente, estudou-se a origem do homem, sua evolucao e relacao afetiva com seus pares. Em seguida, analisou-se, etimologicamente, a origem da palavra “afeicao” e suas perspectivas oriundas do homem, podendo, assim, explicar o comportamento de alguns pacientes portadores desses sintomas. Estabelecer a diferenciacao entre Razao e Emocao e entre os Disturbios de Humor e a Depressao tambem foi uma das preocupacoes. Em seguida, leu-se varias literaturas de especialistas e artigos relacionados ao tema que nortearam e auxiliaram para amparar essa pesquisa. Por fim, analisou-se um grupo de individuos atendidos no Posto de Saude da Familia na cidade de Barra do Garcas , buscando, a partir desta analise, entender quais os farmacos mais distribuidos no sistema de saude publica local, bem como entender quais os casos diagnosticados e sua relacao com idade e sexo.