Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction between the H2Sensor HupUV and the Histidine Kinase HupT Controls HupSL HydrogenaseSynthesis in Rhodobactercapsulatus

ABSTRACT The photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus contains two [NiFe]hydrogenases: an energy-generating hydrogenase, HupSL, and a regulatory hydrogenase, HupUV. The synthesis of HupSL is specifically activated by H2 through a signal transduction cascade comprising three proteins: the H2-sensing HupUV protein, the histidine kinase HupT, and the transcriptional regulator HupR. Whereas a phosphotransfer between HupT and HupR was previously demonstrated, interaction between HupUV and HupT was only hypothesized based on in vivo analyses of mutant phenotypes. To visualize the in vitro interaction between HupUV and HupT proteins, a six-His (His6)-HupU fusion protein and the HupV protein were coproduced by using a homologous expression system. The two proteins copurified as a His6-HupUHupV complex present in dimeric and tetrameric forms, both of which had H2 uptake activity. We demonstrated that HupT and HupUV interact and form stable complexes that could be separated on a native gel. Interaction was also monitored with surface plasmon resonance technology and was shown to be insensitive to salt concentration and pH changes, suggesting that the interactions involve hydrophobic residues. As expected, H2 affects the interaction between HupUV and HupT, leading to a weakening of the interaction, which is independent of the phosphate status of HupT. Several forms of HupT were tested for their ability to interact with HupUV and to complement hupT mutants. Strong interaction with HupUV was obtained with the isolated PAS domain of HupT and with inactive HupT mutated in the phosphorylable histidine residue, but only the wild-type HupT protein was able to restore normal H2 regulation.
Genetic subpopulation structuring and its implications in a mature eastern white pine stand

We examined patterns of genetic structuring within a mature eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) forest, using geographic information system (GIS)-based data and maps that combined genetic (isozyme analysis of 46 loci) and other tree-specific information (e.g., size, growth, age, and location) for 220 trees in Jericho, Vermont. Interconnections between genotypic information with other tree characteristics revealed several patterns of genetic structuring. Average observed heterozygosity generally increased with tree age-class, and trees with a high number of rare alleles were disproportionally represented in suppressed crown classes. Spatial structuring was also evident: trees within 5 m of one another were highly related, and levels of relatedness generally decreased with increasing distance between trees. In general, a 35-m-radius circle around any tree circumscribed its zone of genetic similarity. Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated the stand consisted of five family groups that exhibited greater genetic similarity within than among clusters. Temporal structuring (a generation gap) was also evident: trees of similar age showed significant positive relatedness, as did trees 30-40 years apart. Patterns of genetic structuring likely resulted from the combined influences of natural selection, isolation by distance, and functional generation times. Genetic structuring may also have biological and management implications. Computer-based simulated harvests suggested that the stand could experience genetic alteration when tree removal criteria disrupted existing structural patterns.
Reconfigurable trust for embedded computing platforms

In the last couple of years, it has become obvious that embedded systems are integral parts of our every day lives. This omnipresence as well as the wireless nature of many embedded applications give rise to the need for sophisticated security and privacy preserving mechanisms. Trusted Computing is a promising new approach for computer security in which a system should be permanently in a well-defined and therefore trustworthy state. The adaption of such concepts for embedded systems with application specific requirements and limitations can provide promising security benefits. Besides, both in the industrial and academical sector a trend has become apparent to develop chips which include programmable cores as well as system reconfigurable components. Resultant chips will not be a single part of an embedded system anymore but rather can be used for the development of a whole system. Thus, FPGAs have become integral parts of embedded computing platforms. The reconfigurability of FPGAs offers major advantages when using them for cryptographic applications and it is suggested that an adaptive hardware-based trust anchor can greatly enhance the overall security level of an embedded system. In this paper we propose a concept of how such an adaptive security module could be designed as well as some possible fields of application. A key focus of this ongoing research work is the development of a flexible FPGA-based security architecture.
DIPHYLLIDEAN CESTODES OF THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA, MÉXICO WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES OF ECHINOBOTHRIUM (CESTODA: DIPHYLLIDEA)

As part of a survey of parasites of elasmobranchs in the Gulf of California, a second and final report of the diphyllidean cestodes resulting from the survey is presented. Of 43 species of elasmobranchs examined for parasites, 7 (Rhinobatos productus, Rhinobatos leucorhynchus, Myliobatis californicus, Myliobatis longirostris, Urobatis halleri, Urobatis maculatus, and Rhinoptera steindachneri) were found to host diphyllidean cestodes, all belonging to Echinobothrium. No species of either of the other 2 diphyllidean genera, Ditrachybothridium or Macrobothridium, were discovered. A greater diversity of diphyllideans was found in 1996 than in 1993. Two new species, Echinobothrium hoffmanorum n. sp. and Echinobothrium rayallemangi n. sp. are described from the spiral intestines of U. maculatus and R. leucorhynchus, respectively. Echinobothrium hoffmanorum is unique in its possession of the following combination of characters: 19–21 apical hooks in each dorsoventral group, 12–22 lateral hooklets in each group, 10–17 cephalic peduncle spines per column, 4–8 testes, 4–10 segments and eggs with a single filament. Echinobothrium rayallemangi is unique in its possession of the following combination of characters: 23 apical hooks in each dorsoventral group, 20–23 lateral hooklets in each group, 2–5 cephalic peduncle spines per column, 4–6 testes, and 4–6 segments. These 2 new species, together with Echinobothrium mexicanum and Echinobothrium fautleyae, brings the total number of diphyllideans known from the Gulf of California to 4. The survey of diphyllidean cestodes of the Gulf of California has resulted in a new host record for Echinobothrium for each of the host species mentioned above, with Rhinobatos and Urobatis representing new host genera and Urolophidae a new host family for Echinobothrium.
Cost Aware Service Placement and Load Dispatching in Mobile Cloud Systems

With proliferation of smart phones and an increasing number of services provisioned by clouds, it is commonplace for users to request cloud services from their mobile devices. Accessing services directly from the Internet data centers inherently incurs high latency due to long RTTs and possible congestions in WAN. To lower the latency, some researchers propose to `cache' the services at edge clouds or smart routers in the access network which are closer to end users than the Internet cloud. Although `caching' is a promising technique, placing the services and dispatching users' requests in a way that can minimize the users' access delay and service providers' cost has not been addressed so far. In this paper, we study the joint optimization of service placement and load dispatching in the mobile cloud systems. We show this problem is unique to both the traditional caching problem in mobile networks and the content distribution problem in content distribution networks. We develop a set of efficient algorithms for service providers to achieve various trade-offs among the average latency of mobile users' requests, and the cost of service providers. Our solution utilizes user's mobility pattern and services access pattern to predict the distribution of user's future requests, and then adapt the service placement and load dispatching online based on the prediction. We conduct extensive trace driven simulations. Results show our solution not only achieves much lower latency than directly accessing service from remote clouds, but also outperforms other classical benchmark algorithms in term of the latency, cost and algorithm running time.
Spatial working memory ability is a marker of risk-for-psychosis

Background. Working memory has been identified as a core cognitive deficit in schizophrenia that is associated with negative symptoms, but it is unclear whether it is impaired prior to onset of psychosis in symptomatic patients. Method. Thirty-eight young people at ultra high-risk (UHR) of developing psychosis (of whom nine later became psychotic) were compared with 49 healthy controls on tests of spatial working memory (SWM) and delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS). Results. Both SWM and DMTS performance was significantly poorer in the UHR groups. Those who later became psychotic generally performed more poorly than those who did not, although this did not reach significance for any measure. A significant association between SWM errors and negative symptoms was seen in the later-psychotic group only (P=0·02). Conclusions. Spatial working memory abilities are impaired in those at high-risk for psychosis. The relationship between working memory and negative symptoms may be useful as a predictive tool.
Suppression of extracellular signals and cell proliferation through EGF receptor binding by (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate in human A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells

Tea polyphenols are known to inhibit a wide variety of enzymatic activities associated with cell proliferation and tumor progression. The molecular mechanisms of antiproliferation are remained to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of the major tea polyphenol (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on the proliferation of human epidermoid carcinoma cell line, A431. Using a [3H]thymidine incorporation assay, EGCG could significantly inhibit the DNA synthesis of A431 cells. In vitro assay, EGCG strongly inhibited the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activities of EGF‐R, PDGF‐R, and FGF‐R, and exhibited an IC50 value of 0.5–1 μg/ml. But EGCG scarcely inhibited the protein kinase activities of pp60v‐src, PKC, and PKA (IC50 > 10 μg/ml). In an in vivo assay, EGCG could reduce the autophosphorylation level of EGF‐R by EGF. Phosphoamino acid analysis of the EGF‐R revealed that EGCG inhibited the EGF‐stimulated increase in phosphotyrosine level in A431 cells. In addition, we showed that EGCG blocked EGF binding to its receptor. The results of further studies suggested that the inhibition of proliferation and suppression of the EGF signaling by EGCG might mainly mediate dose‐dependent blocking of ligand binding to its receptor, and subsequently through inhibition of EGF‐R kinase activity. J. Cell. Biochem. 67:55–65, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Secure and Efficient Query Retrieval in Cloud Storage using Erasure Code System

A cloud storage system consist group of storage servers, through the internet it provides multiple services to the vendor. The encrypted user’s data in cloud should be confidential and secured scheme. To protect confidentiality, supposed to designs encryption standard, but also limit the functionality of the storage scheme because a certain operations are continual over encrypted data. To construct a protected storage scheme that supports multiple purposes is tough when the storage scheme is distributed and has no centered authority. The distributed cloud storage scheme provides secure and robust data storage, retrieval and also permits a client store and retrieves data in the storage servers to another client. The aim is to reduce the time utilization to access the data to the vendor’s, forward the queries between the vendor’s and the storage server, because the machine based approach is used to integrates encrypting, encoding and forwarding the vendor’s data. The data are encrypted based on the machine capabilities through the ZIPF automation tool and it’s stored in the cloud using Generalization scheme. Bandwidth allocated to the data build from pattern classification, it improves the efficiency of the data storage. Queries are efficiently processed by Erasure code system, which automatically remove the query request stored in the queue buffer after getting the query response.
Evaluation of the support of young athletes in the elite sports system

Abstract The paper addresses the extraction and empirical testing of the hard core of assumptions underlying the construction principles of the German supportive system in youth elite sport. The support system turns out to be based on a mainly input-oriented concept. Invested sport-related time is regarded as a critical input variable and extensive and intensive time economy is systematically aimed at. Among 1,558 national squad athletes in all Olympic sports, those with international and with national success at each junior age and elite age are compared regarding their former juvenile success and volume of training and participation in support programmes. Effects of juvenile training- and support-related variables vary over time and in some cases turn into the opposite in the long run. Juvenile success, the training volume in the individual’s current main sport, and the inclusion in support programmes have no significant or negative effects on long-term success in elite sport. In contrast, international elite athletes are characterized by a higher juvenile training volume only in other disciplines beyond the individual’s current main sport and correspondingly by a decelerated juvenile training-, competition-, and support-related development in their main sport. Results are discussed by integrating social science, training science, economic, and educational perspectives.
Single-molecule FRET and linear dichroism studies of DNA breathing and helicase binding at replication fork junctions

Significance Unique single-molecule fluorescence techniques were used to monitor DNA “breathing” at and near the junctions of model DNA replication forks on biologically relevant microsecond-to-millisecond time scales. Experiments performed in the absence and presence of helicase complexes addressed the role of these fluctuations in helicase function during DNA replication. These studies simultaneously monitored single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer and single-molecule fluorescence linear dichroism of “internal” Cy3/Cy5 labels placed rigidly into the DNA backbones at positions near the fork junction. Our results showed significant breathing at the fork junction that was greatly augmented by the presence of weakly bound helicase, followed by still larger fluctuations and strand separation after full duplex DNA unwinding by the complete tightly bound and processive helicase complex. DNA “breathing” is a thermally driven process in which base-paired DNA sequences transiently adopt local conformations that depart from their most stable structures. Polymerases and other proteins of genome expression require access to single-stranded DNA coding templates located in the double-stranded DNA “interior,” and it is likely that fluctuations of the sugar–phosphate backbones of dsDNA that result in mechanistically useful local base pair opening reactions can be exploited by such DNA regulatory proteins. Such motions are difficult to observe in bulk measurements, both because they are infrequent and because they often occur on microsecond time scales that are not easy to access experimentally. We report single-molecule fluorescence experiments with polarized light, in which tens-of-microseconds rotational motions of internally labeled iCy3/iCy5 donor–acceptor Förster resonance energy transfer fluorophore pairs that have been rigidly inserted into the backbones of replication fork constructs are simultaneously detected using single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer and single-molecule fluorescence-detected linear dichroism signals. Our results reveal significant local motions in the ∼100-μs range, a reasonable time scale for DNA breathing fluctuations of potential relevance for DNA–protein interactions. Moreover, we show that both the magnitudes and the relaxation times of these backbone breathing fluctuations are significantly perturbed by interactions of the fork construct with a nonprocessive, weakly binding bacteriophage T4-coded helicase hexamer initiation complex, suggesting that these motions may play a fundamental role in the initial binding, assembly, and function of the processive helicase–primase (primosome) component of the bacteriophage T4-coded DNA replication complex.
Farmers' Coping Strategies against an Aggregate Shock: Evidence from the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake

While rural households in developing countries deploy a series of risk coping strategies to insulate against shocks, their effectiveness relies heavily on the nature of the shocks. Using unique datasets collected before and after the disastrous 2008 Sichuan earthquake, this paper examines the effectiveness of various coping strategies employed by the affected rural households. The rural household survey identifies a number of coping strategies including depleting savings, government aid, subsidized bank loans, informal credit, private transfer, selling assets, and saving money by letting children drop out of school. Difference-in-differences (DID) estimation results show that, in response to the earthquake, rural households also adjust their income generating strategies through crop diversification and pursuing nonagricultural selfemployment, and increased working time by male household members.
A self-adaptive back-off optimization scheme based on beacons probability prediction for vehicle Ad-Hoc networks

In order to improve the broadcast reception rates of beacon messages in vehicle ad-hoc networks, a conclusion that the relationship between collision probability and minimum contention window size and the relationship between expiration probability and minimum window size was reached by building a Markov model. According to this conclusion, a back-off algorithm based on adjusting the size of minimum contention window called CEB is proposed, and this algorithm is on the basis of the differential size between the number of expiration beacons and preset threshold. Simulations were done to compare the performance of CEB with that of RBEB and BEB, and the results show that the performance of the new proposed algorithm is better than that of RBEB and BEB.
Research on electromagnetic radiated disturbance of pantograph arc in high-speed railway

Pantograph arc is one of the electromagnetic compatibility problems to affect the safety of the high speed railway and has become the key factors needed to be solved urgently. Based on the measured electromagnetic radiated disturbance of pantograph arc in field test, this paper analyzes the principle of pantograph arc and the arc signal in time domain and frequency domain respectively. According to the measured arc signal in time domain, the research sets up a pantograph arc space radiation model to simulate the radiated disturbance in railway. The high frequency radiated field outside the car decays faster than the low frequency along the distance from the pantograph. The disturbances of arc in all positions inside the car are almost the same intensity and have no relationship with the pantograph position. This could be certain reference to place the equipment and system inside and outside the car.
ASSESSMENT OF FOOD CONSUMPTION DIVERSITY FOR ROMANIAN HOUSEHOLDS

The aim of this paper is the i dentification of economic and socio-demographic factors influencing food consumption diversity on the Romanian households. We use the Household Budget Survey for two quarters of the year 2011. The survey contains detailed information on the demographic variables of the household like the household Â membersâ€™ age, educational level, occupational status as well as information on the income and consumptionÂ in the month of the interview. We have looked at two measures of diversity: first the count measure (CM), in which the number of food products consumed by the household are added and the second diversity measure is the transformed Â Berry Index (TBI). As conclusion, we found Â that low income has a negative influence to food diversity demand and Â induce a negative influence in food commodity markets. The residence area is also important for the household diet, as the rural households have a less diversified food diet.
Approach to processing of data from social networks for detecting public opinion on quality of educational services

An approach is proposed to identify public opinion on the basis of large data extracted from social networks, including: latent-semantic analysis, identification of computer-generated texts, automatic classification of text fragments and identification of public opinion based on Mamdani's fuzzy inference algorithm. Examples are given of assessing the semantic proximity of documents, the classification of documents based on the method. The indicators for assessing public opinion on the evaluation of the quality of educational services are substantiated.
Comparison of posterior lumbar interbody fusion with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for treatment of recurrent lumbar disc herniation: A retrospective study

Objective To compare posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for spinal fusion in patients previously treated by discectomy. Methods This retrospective study evaluated pre- and postoperative neurological status via Japan Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score. Surgical outcome was based on recovery rate percentage (RR%). Adverse event data were reviewed. Results Both PLIF (n = 26) and TLIF (n = 25) significantly improved neurological status. There were no significant between-group differences in postoperative JOA score, RR% or surgical outcome. Overall, 92.3% patients in the PLIF group and 84% in the TLIF group had an excellent or good outcome (RR ≥ 65%). No patient had a poor outcome (RR < 50%). There were six cases of dural tear in the PLIF group and two in the TLIF group. Conclusions PLIF and TLIF provided good outcomes for recurrent lumbar disc herniation. TLIF may be preferred because of its shorter operative time and fewer procedure-related complications than PLIF.
Coherent Detection of Swerling 0 Targets in Sea-Ice Weibull-Distributed Clutter Using Neural Networks

The detection of Swerling 0 targets in movement in sea-ice Weibull-distributed clutter by neural networks (NNs) is presented in this paper. Synthetic data generated for typical sea-ice Weibull parameters reported in the literature are used. Due to the capability of NNs for learning the statistical properties of the clutter and target signals during a supervised training, high clutter reduction rates are achieved, reverting on high detection performances. The proposed NN-based detector is compared with a reference detector proposed in the literature that approximates the Neyman-Pearson (NP) detector. The results presented in the paper allow empirically demonstrating how the NN-based detector outperforms the detector taken as reference in all the cases under study. It is achieved not only in performance but also in robustness with respect to changes in sea-ice Weibull-distributed clutter conditions. Moreover, the computational cost of the NN-based detector is very low, involving high signal processing speed.