Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regression Tutorial

The topic of regression deals with continuous input-output systems, and the goal is to ‘learn’ a given system. Learning is measured by the ability to predict the output of the system to any given input. A predictor algorithm is created and tuned by a process called training, during which we are given a typical set of known input-output pairs, called the training data, or often just ‘the data’. This training process is a meta-algorithm, running one level up from the actual predictor algorithm. Whereas the predictor generates values that mimic the output of the system, the output of training algorithm is the predictor itself. Machine-learning researchers pride themselves on developing smart learning algorithms, and this usually means developing these training algorithms, which often end up as instances of optimization problems. In contrast, people that apply regression to their applications use existing training algorithms to make predictors from their data, and then use these predictors for forecasting, data analysis, optimization, and so on. Using a predictor is usually a simple task, often as easy as matrix multiplication. This document briefly describes both these tasks: making predictors, and then using them to make predictions.
The Next Generation of Biopesticides: Institutional barriers and enablers to co-innovation in a science and commercialisation programme

The international market for biopesticides is growing rapidly. Biopesticides are not widely used in New Zealand as there are few available that target New Zealand's pest complexes, production systems and regulatory hurdles. The Next Generation Biopesticides programme aims to develop and commercialise biopesticides for NZ's pastoral, horticultural and arable sectors. A multi-level institutional framework was used to diagnose the enablers and barriers to co-innovation within the NGB programme and the biopesticides innovation system. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and during three workshops. The results showed differences between sectors in their perception of the programme and the use of co-innovation based on: i) institutional incentives for co-innovation within research organisations; ii) ownership of IP and technologies by stakeholders; iii) differing levels of urgency for new biopesticide solutions in each sectoral innovation system; and iv) the ease with which biopesticides integrate into the sector value chains.
MEASUREMENT OF THE BACTERIAL FIBROLYTIC ACTIVITY IN THE CAECUM ANO IN THE SOFT FAECES OF THE RABBIT JEHLN

The present work aimed to develop a new methodology for studying the bacteria! fibrolytic enzymatic activity (BFEA) of the rabbit caecal flora, from soft faeces sampling. Twelve New Zealand White rabbits (72 d of age) fed ad libitum were uséd for three trials. After a first soft faeces collection to adapt rabbit to the collar, the measurement of BFEA on the two further samplings of soft faeces (at interval of 6 days), showed a relatively good repeatability (intra-individual variability=11% and 19% respectively for pectinase and cellulase). In a second tria! , seven rabbits were fed successively a control diet (31.1% NDF) anda low fibre diet (19.4% NDF). No significant difference between diets, was found either for cellulasic or for pectinasic activity in soft faeces. Pectinasic activity was about ten folds higher than cellulasic one. In a third trial, BFEA in the caecum and in the soft faeces were comparad, and no significant difference was observad. This suggests that soft faeces could be used in place of caecal content for BFEA measurement. This new approach could then allow repetitiva BFEA measurements on the same animal, as soon as the rabbit produce soft faeces.
Cultural Conflict and Crime : Violations of Native American Indian Cultural Values

This paper examines violations of Indian cultural values among two distinct cultural groups residing within one Native American Indian reservation. I explore the possibility that violations of Indian cultural values may contribute to conflict between these cultural groups. This study uses survey (n = 667) and interview (n = 85) data obtained from Indians and non-Indians residing within the same rural Indian reservation community to conclude that Indian cultural values are often violated when non-Indians ask certain questions based on stereotypes of Indians. Violations of Indian cultural values are often viewed as harmful to Indians. The fragile nature of Indian cultures continues to be threatened in ways that may not be amenable to federal legislative protections but may be protected by tribal law.
White LED Power Supply Design Techniques

With the emerge of color displays in the portable market like cellular phones, PDAs and Pocket PCs a white backlight or sidelight is required for a homogeneous illumination of the LCD colors. The white LED seems to be a good choice for backlight since it requires less power and space compared to the commonly used CCFL (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Light) backlight. The typical forward voltage of a white LED is in the range of 3V to 5V. Since the best choice to power white LEDs is a constant current source and the input voltage range of a Li -Ion battery is below or equal to the LED forward voltage a new power supply solution is required. The main power supply requirements are high efficiency, small solution size and the possibility of adjusting the LED brightness. Acceptable EMI performance becomes an additional focus for portable systems with wireless capabilities. The boost converter is a very attractive solution when high efficiency is a key criteria for the selection of the power supply. Another popular solution is the use of a charge pump converter. Both solutions to drive white LEDs are discussed and how they relate to the main power supply requirements. Another important design consideration is the control method to adjust the LED brightness that will affect the overall converter efficiency and any possible chromaticity shifts of the white LED. A simple solution will be presented using a PWM signal to control the brightness. An additional advantage of this solution is the higher efficiency compared to other standard solutions.
ECG-LPWAN based for Real-time monitoring Patient’s Heart Beat Status

In this study, the ECG Sensor was monitored using IoT based on LoRa 915 MHz to monitor a Patient's, Heart Beat Status. Electrocardiogram or ECG is essential to determine normal or abnormal heart conditions. Can determine the heart rate (bpm) tachycardia or bradycardia. In this research, the ECG output is displayed on the Graphical User Interface (GUI) or Application Server Thingspeak explicitly used for Internet of Things (IoT) Applications. Moreover, the Dragino LoRa 915 MHz LoRa and the Dragino LoRa 915 MHz Gateway transmit ECG data to the internet. Therefore, the doctors and patients can quickly receive ECG data in real-time everywhere in Long-range conditions. LoRa Receive Signal Strength (RSS) will be tested at a certain distance in decibel meters (dBm) and in non-Line-ofSight (Non-LoS) conditions in densely populated areas, analysis of possible Packet Loss, Bandwidth, Spreading Factor (SF), Chirps Spread Spectrum (CSS), Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Receive Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), and analysis of data throughput from LoRa communication with a server, and Bit Rate Error (%) analysis generated by LoRa 915 MHz on IoT design structures.
Same Story , Different Story : The Neural Representation of Interpretive Frameworks

Differences in people’s beliefs can substantially impact their interpretation of a series of events. In this functional MRI study, we manipulated subjects’ beliefs, leading two groups of subjects to interpret the same narrative in different ways. We found that responses in higher-order brain areas—including the default-mode network, language areas, and subsets of the mirror neuron system—tended to be similar among people who shared the same interpretation, but different from those of people with an opposing interpretation. Furthermore, the difference in neural responses between the two groups at each moment was correlated with the magnitude of the difference in the interpretation of the narrative. This study demonstrates that brain responses to the same event tend to cluster together among people who share the same views.
DEVELOPMENT , OPTIMIZATION AND ANALYSIS OF SQUARE PATCH ANTENNA WITH “ L ” SHAPED SLOT

Microstrip patch antennas have been widely used in a various useful applications, due to their low weight and low profile, compatibility, easy and cheap realization. A low profile patch antenna for WLAN application is proposed in this paper. A slot technique for microstrip antenna is proposed for better performance which is aperture slot on the design microstrip patch rectangular antenna. The study in this research is based on the performance of the aperture slot microstrip antenna, in terms of return loss, bandwidth and radiation pattern, by varying the aperture shapes. In this project, aperture shape is focused on "L" shape and is carried out from the design until simulation using Computer Simulation Tool (CST). The "L" slot aperture is designed in the middle of rectangular patch antenna. The feed line design in this project will be based on quarter wave impedance matching in order to match the 50 Ω microstrip line with load impedance. For the slot design, the length and its width will be vary to get the best response. The slotted micro strip antenna in this comparison has almost the same design parameters as the one without the slot, with the obvious difference being that slotted antenna has an "L" shaped slot in the middle. This small difference, however, yields to a much higher return loss and increase in bandwidth. Moreover, even these results can be further enhanced by optimizing the size, shape and position of the slot. The rectangular patch antenna is design such that it works in the wireless local area network (WLAN) specification. The resonated return loss for simulated rectangular aperture slot is -29.49 dB while for the antenna without slot technique gives -17.63 dB. Radiation patterns of all antennas are simulated and the performance is acceptable. They produced E-plane Half Power Beam Width (HPBW) of 80o and H-plane HPBW of 110o.
A Novel Bidirectional Converter Based Space Vector Modulation Fed VSI for Electric Vehicle Applications

This paper focuses on space vector modulation and core size optimization of power inductors in bidirectional dc–dc converters. The importance of the inductor design project by describing important constraints such as core size and saturation is presented. The main contribution of this paper is related to the proposed dc flux cancelation technique in the bidirectional converter. A variable inductor is used to replace the power inductor in order to decrease core size by improving the ripple content of the inductor current. Space Vector Modulation is employed as a control scheme. Simulation results validate the proposed methodology showing more than 50% reduction in magnetic material for similar current levels.
A NEW DEVS-BASED GENERIC ARTFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELING APPROACH

The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a black box model capable of resolving paradigms that linear computing cannot. Therefore, the configuration of ANN is a hard task for modeler since it depends on the application complexity. The Discrete EVent system Specification (DEVS) is a formalism to describe discrete event system in a hierarchical and modular way. DEVS is mainly used to defragment system or model in an easy way allowing the interaction with the architecture and behavior of the system. This paper presents a new artificial neural network modeling approach using DEVS formalism in order to facilitate the network configuration by introducing a new scheme of the training phase. We validate our approach with a simple not linearly separable data set example provided by two-dimensional XOR problem.
Analysis Tools and Techniques of the PubMed Data Using the Titan Scalable Informatics Toolkit

The PubMed dataset is a collection of documents archiving the emergence of growing biomedical research communities spanning over 127 years. This document collection contains over 17 million citations rendering common data retrieval and analytic techniques infeasible. In this paper, we outline several experimental results demonstrating high performance computing resources and analytic algorithms aimed at enabling search and generalized queries over the entire corpus. These methods include interfaces for parallelized and interactive queries, large scale text analytic runs using latent semantic and latent Dirichlet methods on the entire corpus, topological clusterings of relationship graphs, and high-end visualizations of results using data spanning the entire corpus. We discuss potential avenues for future efforts and feasibility of these efforts in yielding relevant information and relationships for guiding more focused queries of the corpus.
Time Scales of Planetesimal Differentiation in the Early Solar System

__________________________________________________________________ Chronological constraints on the formation times of a variety of meteoritic materials indicate that planetesimal differentiation occurred rapidly in the early solar system. Some planetesimals only experienced the earliest stage of the onset of melting and were subsequently arrested in that state. On some of these bodies, such incipient melting began within ~2 to 5 Myr of the formation of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAI), but possibly extended to ≥10 Myr on others. Extensive differentiation took place on yet other planetesimals to form silicate crust-mantle reservoirs and metallic cores. Crust formation began within ~4 Myr of CAI formation, and likely extended to at least ~10 Myr. Global mantle differentiation, which established the source reservoirs of the crustal materials, occurred contemporaneously for the angrites and eucrites, within ~3 to 4 Myr of CAI formation. Metal segregation on different planetesimals occurred within a narrow time interval of ≤5 Myr; in the specific case of the Howardite-Eucrite-Diogenite (HED) parent body, the process of core formation is estimated to have occurred ~0.6 Myr before global mantle differentiation. Following metal segregation, core crystallization is likely to have occurred over a time interval of 10 Myr or more.
ON THE ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF SORGHUM AND SUNFLOWER WATER EXTRACT AND POWDER AGAINST NARROWLEAF SUMMER WEEDS

Allelopathy refers to the direct indirect effect of one plant on nearby growing plants of another species in terms of inhibiting the germination and growth through release of chemical compounds. Weeds are major menace in reducing crop yield and can be managed effectively through phytotoxic properties of plants. The laboratory studies were carried out to evaluate the response of summer weeds to sorghum and sunflower water extract and powder in terms of germination and seedling growth at Seed Testing Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan during Kharif 2010 and 2011. The experiment was laid out in three replicated completely randomized design (CRD). The respective treatments included check (untreated), sorghum/ sunflower shoot/ root powder (10 g kg -1 soil) and shoot/ root water extract (10 ml kg -1 soil). The analysis of variance of two years pooled data showed that water extracts and powders of allelopathic crops caused substantial reduction in germination and growth of tested summer weeds such as jungle rice (Echinochloa colonum L.), bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L.) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.).
Caracterizando a adoção de expressões lambda em código Java legado

This work presents a study about how lambda expressions are being used in open-soruce Java projects. Using a sample of 99 popular projects’ repositories in Github, it was analyzed how and when this feature was introduced within those projects, identifying patterns used to implement such feature and possible code refactoring approaches, in case any code was refactored. It was conducted a general study to identify similarities among projects and the way they use lambda expressions, and also case studies that intended to realize a richer analysis about the subject. For the case studies, it was chosen five projects previously classified according to the distinct approach used when introducing lambda expressions.
Patterns of Life in the Foreground and Background : Practical Approaches to Enhancing Simulation-Based Interaction Skills Training

Interaction skills training, using simulated environments, demands proper behaviors not only from the learner but also from the agents (here, central and background characters) the learner observes or contacts. In several projects we are developing scalable, flexible, and ultimately easily-authored methods to portray natural activity, influenced by sociocultural context, within situations designed for interaction skills training. To meet differing use cases, we are interested in some cases in a high-level perspective of agent activity (e.g., realistic crowd movements) and in other cases in a ground-level view of individual agents with social networks who demonstrate patterns of life. To do so, we use different tools to achieve agent realism, from fuzzy state models to simple behavior algorithms to more complex cognitive reasoning. This paper describes cultural modeling knowledge structures and methods appropriate to a selection of use cases. Recommendations are provided for incorporating realistic sociocultural material into skills training.
157 AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS OF GENETIC PARAMETERS IN AFRICAN BASIL ( OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM L . ) IN SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA

Six accessions of African basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.), a notable medicinal plant of the Lamiaceae family, were evaluated for genetic variability based on agro-morphological markers. Analysis of variance for eight quantitative traits revealed significant differences in the traits studied, indicating the existence of variability in the plant materials. High positive correlation coefficients were observed for most of the traits, suggesting the possibility of achieving simultaneous improvement for the traits, since selection for one of such traits should naturally result in progress for all positively correlated characters. Analysis of genetic parameters showed that virtually all the traits assessed had appreciable values of broad sense heritability, ranging from 47.37 % for raceme length to 97.08 % for dry matter yield, an indication of a high portion of heritable variation. Apart from raceme length and dry weight, whose values of heritability and genetic advance were moderate, all other characters investigated had high values for these genetic parameters. This ultimately depicts that these traits are under genetic control; therefore their phenotypic performance can be relied upon for effective selection.
6 Application of Biomarkers in Cancer Epidemiology

p iomarkers are increasingly being incorporated into epidemiologic I-f studies of cancer etiology, often referred to as molecular epidemiology (Perera and Weinstein, 1982; Schulte and Perera, 1993; Furberg and Ambrosone, 2001; Bonassi and Au, 2002; Vahakangas, 2ffi3). Biomarkers can be used to enhance exposure assessment, identify key events along the pathway from exposure to disease, determine sources of genetic susceptibility, and categorize tumors into more homogeneous entities at the molecular level (National Research Council, 1987; Perera, 1987 Schulte, 1987; Rothman et al., 1995; Toniolo et al., 1997; Perera, 2000; Rothman et al., 2001). Furthermore, new discovery technologies, including whole genome analysis, mRNA expression iurays, proteomics, and metabolomics/metabonomics (Aardema and MacGregor, 2ffi2; Baak et al., 2003; Hanash, 2003; Sellers and Yates, 20f.31, Staudt, 2003; Strausberg et al., 2003: Wang et al., 2003) should enable investigators to explore broadly the biologic responses to exogenous and endogenous exposures, evaluate potential modification of those responses by variants in essentially the entire genome, and define tumors at the chromosomal, DNA, mRNA, and protein levels. Clearly, biomarkers also have direct clinical applications for screening and early detection, optimizing and determining response to treatment, and helping predict prognosis. The emphasis of this chapter is the use of biomarkers in the context of etiologic research. We first discuss the development and characterization of biomarkers for use in epidemiologic studies, with a particular focus on understanding the components of variance and their impact on estimates of disease risk. We then discuss key issues in the use of exposure, intermediate end points, genetic susceptibility, and tumor biomarkers; and we review the main epidemiologic study designs that use biomarkers. We conclude with comments on collecting and processing biologic samples for use in molecular epidemiology studies.
ON THE OPTIMAL COVERAGE AREA FOR SOLVING ENERGY-EFFICIENT PROBLEM IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

Recently, wireless sensor networks are beginning to be deployed at an accelerated pace. It is amazing to expect that the world will be covered with wireless sensor networks that are accessible via the Internet. This allows one to think of the Internet as a physical network. Wireless sensor networks are the base of wide range applications related environmental monitoring, transportation, national security, health care, surveillance, and military. In this article, recent contributions addressing energy-efficient coverage problems are surveyed through static wireless sensor networks. This article conveys the problem of maximizing networks lifetime for coverage and connectivity in wireless sensor networks. For providing sensing coverage to a set of points, target points; and for providing communication among the active sensor to transmit data at all times within the network, static sensor nodes should be randomly deployed in the region. Sensor nodes are energy-consumed and so only a minimum set of sensor nodes requires to be activated at any given time. Sensor nodes are respectively activated to achieve maximum lifetime of the network. Hence, the algorithm serves as an energy-efficient solution toward ensuring connected coverage in wireless sensor networks. It is worth mentioning that the optimal solution to the problem is NP-Complete that stimulates the need to discover efficient heuristic solutions.
Isolation of Campylobacter species from the large intestines of domestic Pekin ducks obtained from a Wet Market in Penang , Malaysia

The occurrence of Campylobacter species in the large intestines of domestic Pekin ducks collected from a Wet Market in Penang, Malaysia is reported. Large intestinal samples were examined by direct swabbing of its contents on modified ceforazone charcoal deoxcholate agar (mCCDA) supplemented with mCCDA selective supplement and mCCDA supplemented with campylobacter growth supplement. A total of forty (40) duck intestinal contents were tested, of which 27 (67.5%) were positives for Campylobacter species. The study confirms that Campylobacter species can be isolated by direct swabbing on Campylobacter selective agar plates and that domestic Pekin ducks raised in Malaysia are potential sources and reservoirs for Campylobacter species.
Design of Robust DNS by Intrusion Detection

DNS (Domain Name System) servers and resolvers (clients) are inherently prone to the simple forms of attack, such as DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) and stack smashing, since the basic query protocol is based on UDP, which has no protection against these types of attacks. In this paper, we analyze the DNS design issues regarding the communication robustness between the servers and resolvers, and propose a design method to reduce the risk of the service disruption by introducing T/TCP (Transactional TCP) and the IDS (Intrusion Detection System) for the DNS protocol.