Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Learning Behavioral Model of CGF

The Computer Generated Force (CGF) has decision ability by self-learning mechanism, which is an important research field in applying machine learning technology to military simulation. On the basis of modeling architecture of Agent and Learning Classifier Systems (LCSs) technologies, a learning behavioral model framework based on Genetic Algorithms (GA) of CGF is proposed. It discusses elaborately the learning process of this model, in which memory function is first introduced to accelerate. Also, a visible validation system is designed. The simulated results indicate that the learning model is available and feasible.
Developing the Virtuous Self in an Online MBA: Reflections on Instruments and Processes

The relationship between virtue ethics and leadership is profound and has been the subject of sustained examination (see, for example, Fontrodona et al., 2012). The core of these debates has centred on the way in which a life of the good, conceived as a process of self-awareness built through experience and reflection, has the capacity to comprise the people who inhabit, lead, and constitute organizations. Prima facie management education ought to entail the explicit development of the virtuous self, rather than this being a residual element to overall education. This requires a more reflective approach to management teaching practice. We are challenged in this endeavour by our status as providers of online education. Our central concern in this paper is to provide an account of a Leadership Development ePortfolio, particularly its development to a program of online leadership skill development. This includes, among other skills, the development of reflective practice skills, development of self-awareness, self-mastery (Senge, 1990), and a consideration of how to apply those skills to others (e.g.: mentoring) and with others (e.g., team learning, service learning). We argue that introducing these elements to a program fosters the development of ethically virtuous management graduates.
Impact of deviant behaviour on the academic performance of senior secondary school students ” this study explains negative impact on academic achievement

This study was aimed to analyse the relationship between peer pressure and academic achievement of deviant students. Purposive random sampling method was used to study the deviant student’s behavioural factor. The sample was drawn from the population of 7546 students. There are 145 deviant students were taken as sample from classes VI to XII about 2% of the entire population of the school. The result revealed that there is no significant difference between male and female with respect to peer pressure and academic achievement. Friend’s influence towards deviancy had privileged in the age group of 16-18 than in other younger age groups. There is a negative correlation exists between peer pressure and academic achievement and this study reveals that peer pressure plays a vital role in lowering of achievement in academics.
Spatial variability of CO 2 uptake in polygonal tundra n large overestimations by the conventional eddy covariance method

The large spatial variability in Arctic tundra complicates the representative assessment of CO2 budgets. Accurate measurements of these heterogeneous landscapes are, however, essential to understand their vulnerability to climate change. We surveyed a polygonal tundra lowland on Svalbard with a UAV, mapping ice-wedge morphology to complement eddy covariance (EC) flux measurements of CO2. The analysis of spectral distributions showed that conventional EC methods do not accurately capture the turbulent CO2 exchange with the spatially heterogeneous surface which typically features small flux 5 magnitudes. Non-local (low frequency) flux contributions were especially pronounced during snowmelt and introduced a bias to the annual CO2 budget of−46 gC m−2 in conventional methods. Our improved flux calculations with the ogive optimization method indicated that the site was a sink for CO2 of −82 gC m−2 in 2015 and due to differences in light-use efficiency, wetter areas with low-centered polygons sequestered 47% more CO2 than drier areas with flat-centered polygons. While Svalbard has experienced a strong increase in mean annual air temperature of more than 2◦C in the last few decades, historical aerial 10 photographs from the site indicated stable ice-wedge morphology over the last seven decades. Apparently, warming has thus far not been sufficient to initiate strong ice-wedge degradation, possibly due to the absence of extreme heat episodes in the maritime climate on Svalbard. However, in Arctic regions where ice-wedge degradation has already initiated the associated drying of landscapes, our results suggest a weakening of the CO2 sink of polygonal tundra.
ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF RAW WHITE KIDNEY BEANS (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. VAR. BELDIA) INDUCES OVERGROWTH OF FECAL COLIFORMS AND LACTOBACILLI IN WISTAR RATS

Objective: The comprehensive dynamics of fecal microbiota in response to the ingestion of toxic bean lectins or phytohemagglutinins has not been well studied. The study aimed at evaluating the gavage effects of a raw Beldia bean variety on food intake, growth performance, gastrointestinal organs, and fecal microflora in Wistar rats.Methods: Twenty young adult male rats were randomly allotted into two groups of 10 rats each: Control rats were gavaged with 300 mg of a rodent pellet flour suspension and experimental rats were orogastrically fed a dose of 300 mg Beldia bean flour suspension (BBFS). Individual food intake, body weight, and fecal score were taken daily. To assess the impact on the gut flora, fecal samples were collected every day for 10 days. All animals were sacrificed on day 10, to obtain blood and internal organs samples.Results: The results revealed that the gavage of a BBFS to rats had no marked influence on average daily of food intake and weight gain. No significant differences were found in the weights of the small intestine, spleen, liver, and thymus of rats given raw Beldia diet. The counts of coliforms and lactobacilli on pooled fecal specimens of BBFS-fed rats were increased significantly compared to controls.Conclusion: In summary, the exposure to raw Beldia beans altered the fecal microbiota, without adverse effects on animals.
Sources of information and their impact on parents' vaccination decisions: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Background: The frequency and manner of which health information are used is influenced by the sources. These sources may be seen as having different credibility among various sub-groups of the population. Such credibility in turn can have a marked impact on the acceptance and trust of the population on a specific source of information. Objective: The purpose of this review was to identify the various sources of information available on vaccination and how they influence the parents’ decision towards their child’s vaccination. Methods : A systematic review of articles related to the role of information on parents’ vaccination decisions for their children was compiled using a series of keywords in databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, ELCOSH and OSH-ROM). Studies included were those published between 2000-2014, written in English, elicited responses from parents or caregiver of children aged below 18 years old and used a quantitative design that addressed sources of information on vaccination. Results: The search yielded 3678 titles, 51 articles were identified for full review and ten studies met the inclusion criteria. All were quantitative studies, except one which used a mixed method. Six studies were conducted in the United States, two in Europe and two in Asian countries. Studies which reported parents who cited health professionals as reliable sources of information showed a positive effect on vaccination decision, compared to those who reported non-health professionals as the sources of information. Conclusion: Different groups of parents seek and trust information from a variety of sources, which positively or negatively influence parents’ decision in immunizing their children. Key Words: sources, information, vaccination
Discordant Marker Expression Between Invasive Breast Carcinoma and Corresponding Synchronous and Preceding DCIS

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is considered a potential precursor of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC). Studies aiming to find markers involved in DCIS progression generally have compared characteristics of IBC lesions with those of adjacent synchronous DCIS lesions. The question remains whether synchronous DCIS and IBC comparisons are a good surrogate for primary DCIS and subsequent IBC. In this study, we compared both primary DCIS and synchronous DCIS with the associated IBC lesion, on the basis of immunohistochemical marker expression. Immunohistochemical analysis of ER, PR, HER2, p53, and cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) was performed for 143 primary DCIS and subsequent IBC lesions, including 81 IBC lesions with synchronous DCIS. Agreement between DCIS and IBC was assessed using kappa, and symmetry tests were performed to assess the pattern in marker conversion. The primary DCIS and subsequent IBC more often showed discordant marker expression than synchronous DCIS and IBC. Strikingly, 18 of 49 (36%) women with HER2-positive primary DCIS developed an HER2-negative IBC. Such a difference in HER2 expression was not observed when comparing synchronous DCIS and IBC. The frequency of discordant marker expression did not increase with longer time between primary DCIS and IBC. In conclusion, comparison of primary DCIS and subsequent IBC yields different results than a comparison of synchronous DCIS and IBC, in particular with regard to HER2 status. To gain more insight into the progression of DCIS to IBC, it is essential to focus on the relationship between primary DCIS and subsequent IBC, rather than comparing IBC with synchronous DCIS.
Effect of p-Coumaric Acid, Benzoic Acid, and Salicylic Acid on the Activity of Glutathione Reductase and Catalase in in vitro Grown Tobacco Plants

Effects of p-coumaric acid (p-CA), benzoic acid (BA), and salicylic acid (SA) on the activities of glutathione reductase and catalase were studied in in vitro grown tobacco plants. After culturing the tobacco plants in MS medium containing 10-5 mM of p-CA, BA, and SA, the increase in the activities of two enzymes, glutathione reductase and catalase, were compared from day 20 to day 50 day, with an interval of 10 days. The growth of the tobacco plants treated with p-CA, BA, and SA was the highest on day 50. Analysis of the effect of the three substances on the activity of glutathione reductase showed that BA and p-CA decreased the activity of the enzyme compared with a control, and SA increased the activity of the enzyme. All of them showed the highest activity on day 40. SA increased the activity of catalase, but BA and p-CA reduced the activity of this enzyme. In all the experimental groups, the activity was the highest on day 40. In conclusion, p-CA and BA appear to promote the growth of tobacco plants. The growth was the best on day 50, but the activity of the antioxidative enzyme was inhibited. On the contrary, SA seemed to inhibit the growth of the tobacco plants but to promote the activity of glutathione reductase and catalase. The growth of the plants treated with SA was best on day 40.
Genome-Wide Profiling of Laron Syndrome Patients Identifies Novel Cancer Protection Pathways

Laron syndrome (LS), or primary growth hormone resistance, is a prototypical congenital insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) deficiency. The recent epidemiological finding that LS patients do not develop cancer is of major scientific and clinical relevance. Epidemiological data suggest that congenital IGF1 deficiency confers protection against the development of malignancies. This ‘experiment of nature’ reflects the critical role of IGF1 in tumor biology. The present review article provides an overview of recently conducted genome-wide profiling analyses aimed at identifying mechanisms and signaling pathways that are directly responsible for the link between life-time low IGF1 levels and protection from tumor development. The review underscores the concept that ‘data mining’ an orphan disease might translate into new developments in oncology.
Super-resolution Reconstruction of Orientation Distribution Function from Motion Scattered Diffusion Weighted Image Slices and its Application to Fetal Brain Connectivity Study

Super-resolution Reconstruction of Orientation Distribution Function from Motion Scattered Diffusion Weighted Image Slices and its Application to Fetal Brain Connectivity Study Xi Cheng Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Dr. Colin Studholme Department of Pediatrics, Bioengineering and Radiology Diffusion-weighted MRI brings new and complimentary information about the development of the brain. It is also actively investigated how diffusion contrast properties correlates with brain diseases. Though promising, this technique faces a number of technical challenges, especially in fetal imaging, where unrestricted movement occurs. Despite the usage of fast imaging sequences, the acquired images are still corrupted by motion artifacts, making them hardly ready to use by doctors or researchers. Therefore, post image processing methods are in great need to estimate the movement of the subject and to reconstruct high quality diffusion volumes for both clinical and research purposes, e.g., the study of fetal brain connectivity. This thesis firstly gives a background of diffusion and its mathematical models, diffusion inside the brain and diffusion-weighted MRI. Then it introduces the source of the motion artifacts in fetal MRI, and presents the current state-of-the-art method for its removal. After that, a novel super-resolution reconstruction framework for recovering a higher order ODF volume from motion scattered DWI image slices is proposed and experimentally compared to the methods reported in the literature. Both human adult data and macaque fetal data are used for evaluation. Finally, a structural connectivity study of the developing macaque fetal brains is carried out using unbiased template free brain parcellation schemes and graph theory based analysis.
An insecticidal compound, Sitosteryl β -D-glucopyranoside tetraacetate from Peltophorum pterocarpum DC. floral extract against Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

The insecticidal activity of yellow flamboyant, Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Heyne. floral extract against the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was evaluated by using contact and fumigant bioassays. The potentia l insecticidal compound isolated from the P. pterocarpum was Sitosterol-￻β - D-glucopyranoside tetraacetate. The LC 50 values of the Sitosterol-￻β D-glucopyranoside tetra acetate in contact and fumigation mode were observed as 27.16 and 66.54 respectively. Bergenin is reported earlier from this plant however, other compounds isolated Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and Myricetin-3-O-galactoside along with insecticidal compound Sitosterol –β-D-glucopyranoside tetraacetate for the first time from the Peltophorum pterocarpum.
Improvements on the fundamental parameters of the open cluster Tombaugh 1 through Washington system photometry

We present CCD photometry in the Washington system C and T 1 passbands down to $T_{1} \sim 18.5$ mag in the field of Tombaugh 1, a little studied open cluster located in the third Galactic quadrant. We measured T 1 magnitudes and $C-T_{1}$ colours for a total of 1351 stars distributed throughout an area of $13 \farcm 6 \times 13\farcm 6$. A cluster radius of $4\farcm 3 \pm 0\farcm 3$ was estimated from star counts in 100-pixel a side boxes distributed throughout the entire observed field. Based on the best fits of isochrones computed by the Geneva group for Z = 0.008 to the T 1 vs. $C-T_{1}$ colour–magnitude diagram, we derive a colour excess $E(C-T_{1})$ = $0.55 \pm 0.10$, equivalent to $E(B-V) = 0.30 \pm 0.05$, a distance of ($2.2 \pm 0.5$) kpc from the Sun and an age of 1.3 $^{\rm +0.1}_{\rm -0.2}$ Gyr. The latter value is in good agreement with that derived from the independent metallicity δ T 1 index defined in Geisler et al. (1997, AJ, 114, 1920). An independent metallicity estimation using the [ $M_{T_1}$, $(C-T_{1})_0$] plane with the standard giant branches of Geisler & Sarajedini (1999, AJ, 117, 308) yields $\mbox{[Fe/H]} = -0.30 \pm 0.25$ dex, a value which lends support to the one obtained from the isochrone fit. Tombaugh 1 is then found to be a relatively metal-poor intermediate-age open cluster.
Synthesis and Characterization of Porous Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffold From Different Porogens For Possible Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

By using the wet precipitation method, Biphasic calcium phosphate granules were synthesized with Ca/P ratio1.52 and controlled porosity, pore size distribution, and granule size. Microporosity was then obtained by adjusting sintering temperature while macroporosity was prepared by adding 1:3 wt% ratio of two normally used porogens (naphthalene and sugar) and 2 newly introduced porogens (sago and lentil). Samples from each ratio were pressed into pellets and were fired at 500oC for 2 hours with 0.5°C/minute heating rate (for removal of porogens) and further sintered at 850°C for 2 hours with 5°C/minute before cooling down to room temperature. The granules were prepared by crushing and sieving BCP sintered pellets to get granules of sizes ranging from 250-500µm. X-rays diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), particle size and porosity analyses were employed in order to characterize the granules. A round to oval shape pores with 200-400 µm size were obtained and identical to the prepared porogens’ particle size . This approach gives the desirable properties near to normal bone leading to a perfect osteogenesis for the purpose tissue engineering.
Modelling of the Deterioration of Reinforced Concrete Structures

Stochastic modelling of the deterioration of reinforced concrete structures is addressed in this paper on the basis of a detailed modelling of corrosion initiation and corrosion cracking. It is proposed that modelling of the deterioration of concrete should be based on a sound understanding of the physical and chemical properties of the concrete. The relationship between rebar corrosion and crack width is investigated. A new service life definition based on the evolution of the corrosion crack width is proposed.
The elastohydrodynamic force on a sphere near a soft wall

The influence of soft boundaries on the forces experienced by a small sphere undergoing slow translation and rotation near a wall is investigated using asymptotic and numerical methods. The clearance between the sphere and the wall is assumed to be small, so that the lubrication approximation holds in the gap. The forces induced by boundary deformation break the symmetry of the Stokes equations, leading to irreversibility of the motion of the sphere and yielding a nonzero lift force. A general formulation, applicable to any constitutive equation of the wall, is presented, and an asymptotic analysis for slightly soft boundaries is developed and applied to a thin compressible elastic layer coating a rigid surface. Expressions are derived for the elastohydrodynamic lift exerted on a sphere moving parallel to the wall, which include the influence of the sphere rotation in the direction of its motion. The results extend and correct previous work, and are different from those for the elastohydrodynamic motion o.
Practical, 3D surface-related multiple prediction (SMP)

Prediction of surface multiples via 2D algorithms (eg, SRME) is now routine in data processing, and is often effective in removing those multiples when combined with an adaptive subtraction. There are, however, many situations in which the 2D assumptions made on the geology and the acquisition geometry are invalid to the extent that the resultant errors in the predicted multiples are too large to allow those multiples to be effectively subtracted. 3D algorithms have the potential to overcome these problems, and are therefore very attractive. However, there are many issues to be overcome when implementing a 3D algorithm for use on conventional data. These include inadequacies in the crossline sampling, the limited maximum crossline offset (aperture) of the recorded data, and irregularities in the acquisition geometry. This paper attempts to address these issues through the development of a methodology that predicts the required crossline aperture and the timing errors associated with a given acquisition geometry for a given mode of multiple. Knowledge of the aperture and timing errors is very useful in determining where a 3D prediction is appropriate, and in determining optimum parameters for that prediction. The results demonstrate the accuracy and value of the predicted errors, and the benefits of a 3D prediction over a 2D prediction for conventional marine data. 3D surface-related multiple prediction is practical for such datasets. The error analysis can also be used to optimise the acquisition geometry and hence the level of success of both 2D and 3D algorithms.
AN EVALUATION OF VARIOUS METHODS FOR THE DETECTION OF METALLO-B-LACTAMASE IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL OF RURAL GUJARAT, INDIA

BACKGROUND: Metallo-β-Lactamase (MBL) mediated resistance to various antibiotics is an emerging threat in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. The present study was undertaken to detect MBL producing isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from various clinical specimen by four different phenotypic methods. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the various methods for the detection of Metallo-β-Lactamase in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a teaching hospital of rural Gujarat - India. STUDY SETTING: Department of Microbiology, P.S. Medical College & Shree Krishna Hospital, Karamsad, Gujarat. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total 50 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated & identified from different clinical specimens as per the standard guidelines. Screening for MBL production was done by Imipenem- EDTA combined disc test, Imipenem-EDTA double disc synergy test (DDST), EDTA disc potentiation using four cephalosporins, MBL E-test. RESULT: Of 50 imipenem sensitive or resistant isolates, 24 were MBL positive, Of which 12(24%) were MBL positive by Imipenem-EDTA combined disc test and Imipenem-EDTA double disc synergy test (DDST), 2(4%) were MBL positive by EDTA disc potentiation using four cephalosporins and 19(63.33%) were MBL positive by MBL E-test method. CONCLUSION: Imipenem-EDTA combined disc test and Imipenem-EDTA double disc synergy test (DDST) are equally effective for MBL detection while MBL E-test is more effective for MBL detection but given the cost-constraints, combined disc test and DDST can be used as a convenient screening method in the clinical microbiology laboratory.
State of affairs in ICT usage within tourist hotel operations: A case of Zanzibar

Rapid and meaningful development of information communication technologies (ICTs) and the expansion of the internet have entered in all aspects of human life. Tourism as one of the currently fastest growing industries across the world cannot progress without ICT support so are the tourism based hotels. The study focused on tourist hotels in Zanzibar. Using a descriptive and cross-section design, this study investigated the nature of ICT resources and the prevailing encumbrances to the utilization of ICT in Zanzibar. Results indicated a high level of awareness and usage of ICT applications in Zanzibar’s hotel industry. However, utilization in e-booking and e-reservation is still low. Theoretical and policy implications are discussed.