Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale for use in Brazil *

ABSTRACT Objective: to make the translation, cross-cultural adaption and content and face validation of the Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale for use in Brazil. Methods: methodological research carried out in six stages: translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert committee’s assessment, pre-test and validation. Validation was performed through the Delphi technique in two rounds. The participants were two translators and two back-translators, eight professionals in the expert committee, 40 adult participants in the pre-test, 35 experts in the first validation round and 28 in the second validation round. Data analysis included Cronbach’s alpha, content validity index and one-tailed t-test. Results: the translation and cross-cultural adaptation allowed for language adjustments so that the items were comprehensible and suitable for use in Brazil. The content validity index of the Brazilian version of Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale was 0.96 and Cronbach’s alpha was 0.92. Conclusions: the scale was translated, cross-culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, had its content and face validated and proved reliable to evaluate the knowledge of adults about hypertension.
Using the mutual information technique to select explanatory variables in artificial neural networks for rainfall forecasting

The artificial neural network (ANN), a data‐driven approach, is a powerful tool for forecasting rainfall. However, selecting the appropriate explanatory variables in order to develop ANN models for this purpose is a major challenge. Recent studies in various fields have highlighted the usefulness of the mutual information (MI) technique in identifying explanatory variables for application in non‐linear problems, which, however, has largely been unexplored in forecasting rainfall. The present study was carried out to fill this knowledge gap. Three ANN models were developed, with different explanatory variables, to forecast the rainfall in Mumbai, India. Model A used temporal data of past rainfall events, Model B used selected meteorological data apart from rainfall and Model C used those variables identified by the MI technique. When the results of Model C were compared with those of Models A and B, a reduction of 5.79 and 4.11% in normalized mean square error, respectively, 16.66 and 12.90% improvement in efficiency index, respectively, and 3.22 and 4.24% reduction in the root mean square error, respectively, were observed. Thus, this study highlights the superiority of the MI technique in selecting explanatory variables for ANN modelling, not only because of the enhanced performance of the model with respect to various indicators but also because this performance has been achieved with a simple ANN architecture.
Visualization of Alzheimer’s Disease Related α-/β-/γ-Secretase Ternary Complex by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Based Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer

The competitive ectodomain shedding of amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) by α-secretase and β-secretase, and the subsequent regulated intramembrane proteolysis by γ-secretase are the key processes in amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) generation. Previous studies indicate that secretases form binary complex and the interactions between secretases take part in substrates processing. However, whether α-, β- and γ-secretase could form ternary complex remains to be explored. Here, we adopted bimolecular fluorescence complementation in combination with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (BiFC-FRET) to visualize the formation of triple secretase complex. We show that the interaction between α-secretase ADAM10 and β-secretase BACE1 could be monitored by BiFC assay and the binding of APP to α-/β-secretase binary complex was revealed by BiFC-FRET. Further, we observed that γ-secretase interacts with α-/β-secretase binary complex, providing evidence that α-, β- and γ-secretase might form a ternary complex. Thus our study extends the interplay among Alzheimer’s disease (AD) related α-/β-/γ-secretase.
Redescription of the Siamese shield leech Placobdelloides siamensis with new host species and geographic range

The Siamese shield leech Placobdelloides siamensis (Oka, 1917) Sawyer, 1986 (Euhirudinea: Glossiphoniidae) was collected from five new host species, Southeastern Asian Box Turtle (Cuora amboinensis), Yellow-headed Temple Turtle (Heosemys annandalii), Malayan Snail-eating Turtle (Malayemys macrocephala), Mekong Snail-eating Turtle (M. subtrijuga), and Khorat Snail-eating Turtle (M. khoratensis) and was found for the first time in Udon Thani, Thailand. Examination of live leeches provided, for the first time, data on coloration and the combination of parental care behavior, both carrying cocoons and attaching cocoons to the substrate. This species was separated from its congeners based on the following characters: one pair of eyes; spines at proboscis subterminal; mouth terminal on oral sucker; absent plaque in neck region; gonopores located in furrow and separated by two annuli; distinctly triannulated mid-body segments; crop with seven pairs and branched caeca; caudal sucker slightly over half of maximum body width; and strongly dorsal papillae. Phylogenetic relationships based on the COI and ND1 genes were clarified and demonstrated that the species is distinct from others. The original description was amended and the taxonomic history is discussed.
A Rule-Based Kurdish Text Transliteration System

In this article, we present a rule-based approach for transliterating two of the most used orthographies in Sorani Kurdish. Our work consists of detecting a character in a word by removing the possible ambiguities and mapping it into the target orthography. We describe different challenges in Kurdish text mining and propose novel ideas concerning the transliteration task for Sorani Kurdish. Our transliteration system, named Wergor, achieves 82.79% overall precision and more than 99% in detecting the double-usage characters. We also present a manually transliterated corpus for Kurdish.
Developing a Profile of Small-Medium Companies in Leveraging IT for Sustainable Competitiveness

As outlined in Malaysia Economic Transformation Program (ETP), business sector is expected to play crucial role to harness the potential of globalization and to escalate national economic growth. Considering its domination over 98% of total established businesses, SME sector become essential to drive the government’s agenda. Apart from human resource, financing, innovativeness, and legal environment, availability of timely and relevant information in support of business’s decision making is highly crucial for ensuring its competitiveness. Accessibility to the relevant information helps firms to lower their operating cost, to effectively manage available resources and ultimately to improve overall productivity. Information Technology/Information Systems (IT/IS) has been recognized as one of the potential means to supply information for timely business decision making. Despite growing importance of IT/IS for firm’s competitiveness, SMEs embrace constant challenges to deploy IT/IS effectively and thus hardly to optimize its strategic values. Consequently, IS planning is getting paramount to promote effective management of IT/IS within SME sector. Thus, this study proposes a study that investigates the current state of IS planning practices and the factors affecting the IS Planning success among Malaysian SMEs. Adapting IS planning framework of large organizations, this study proposes IS planning framework that is applicable for SMEs environment. The developed framework could facilitate SMEs to effectively manage IS planning as to ensure greater strategic benefits of IT/IS deployment.
Identification of molecular markers distinguishing adult neural stem cells in the subventricular and subcallosal zones

ABSTRACT Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) are regionally specified and have distinct molecular gene expression signatures. Recently, we identified the subcallosal zone (SCZ) as a novel brain region where adult NSCs maintain and spontaneously produce neuroblasts. In an attempt to isolate genes specifically expressed in the SCZ or SVZ, microarray analyses of their differentially expressing transcripts were done. The comparison between neurospheres generated from SVZ and SCZ revealed differential expression >1.5-fold in two groups in only 83 genes, representing <0.03% of the genes examined, suggesting that these two populations are largely similar. The differential expression patterns SCZ and SVZ genes were confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blots. The selective expressions of two genes (CRBP1, HMGA1) in SVZ-NSCs were further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. These molecular markers could be useful for further molecular and cellular characterization of NSCs.
C Interfaces and Implementations: Techniques for Creating Reusable Software

Every programmer and software project manager must master the art of creating reusable software modules; they are the building blocks of large, reliable applications. Unlike some modern object-oriented languages, C provides little linguistic support or motivation for creating reusable application programming interfaces (APIs). While most C programmers use APIs and the libraries that implement them in almost every application they write, relatively few programmers create and disseminate new, widely applicable APIs. C Interfaces and Implementations shows how to create reusable APIs using interface-based design, a language-independent methodology that separates interfaces from their implementations. This methodology is explained by example. The author describes in detail 24 interfaces and their implementations, providing the reader with a thorough understanding of this design approach.Features of C Interfaces and Implementations: Concise interface descriptions that comprise a reference manual for programmers interested in using the interfaces. A guided tour of the code that implements each chapter's interface tp help those modifying or extending an interface or designing related interfaces. In-depth focus on "algorithm engineering:" how to package data structures and related algorithms into reusable modules. Source code for 24 APIs and 8 sample applications is examined, with each presented as a "literate program" in which a thorough explanation is interleaved with the source code. Rarely documented C programming tricks-of-the-trade. Convenient access to all source code in the book via the World Wide Web at http://www.cs. princeton.edu/software/cii/
Apatite as a monitor of fractionation, degassing, and metamorphism in the Sudbury igneous complex, Ontario

Apatite occurs as an acc€ssory phase throughout the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC), Ontario, a layered igneous complex consisting deminsntly of norite, quartz gabbro, and granophfe. Apatite also is present in the overlying tuffaceous rocks of the Onaping Formation. Representatiys samples from tbree traverses (NW, NE, SW) across the complex have been studied in detail; the NW suite is the most pristine. Apatite is found primarily as a post-cumulus (or intergranular) phase, but becomes a cumulus mineral in the quartz gabbro. Despite textural signs ofrapid growrtr, the apatite is homogeneous. It is F-rich; Cl and OH contents decrease from the base of the complex upward, as in several other layered intrusions. In the SIC, Cl and OH probably decreased relative to F upon vapor saturation of the evolving melt. The concentrations of LREE, up to 2 wt%o I-a2O3 + Ce2O3 + Nd2O3, are highest in apa-tite nerlr the base of the complex. The chondrite-normalizd kEE patterns and ETSrF6Sr values (0.707-0.708) are similar in apatite from each rock type of the SIC. The complex evolved normally by fractional crystallization of a single barch of highly contaminated basic magrna" The high initial tTSrF6Sr values in apatite indicate that the relatively silica-rich basic magura had a substantial crustal component, or possibly consisted entirely ofremehed crust. The apatite ftom the norite and that from the granophyre had a common magmatic source. Apatite from metamorphosed pans of the complex has signi-ficantly lower levels of Cl and LREE, compared to primary apatite from the NW section; furthermore, its rsr/t6sr value has been reset (up to 0.739) by exchange of strontium with adjacent K-rich minerals during recrystallization.
A 270-to-300 GHz LO-Path Phase Shifting Architecture for Sub-mm-wave Phased Arrays

In this paper, a 270 to 300 GHz LO-path phase shifting architecture is presented. It is dedicated to phased array in the sub-mm-wave band for beamforming and beam-steering. The circuit includes a sub-harmonic injection locked oscillator that generates an output signal in the 270–300 GHz band, from an injection signal in the 45 to 50 GHz band that is multiplied by six. To control the phase of the output signal, an analog reflection-type phase shifter is implemented in the 45–50 GHz band, achieving near 60° phase shift in this band, and thus almost 360° in the output band. The circuit was fabricated in a BiCMOS 55 nm technology. It achieves a locking range of 30 GHz with a phase shift variation of $\mathbf{340}^{\mathrm{o}}\pm \mathbf{13}^{\mathrm{o}}$. The power consumption of the whole circuit is 52 mW at 1.2 V voltage supply.
Rule-based Indonesian Open Information Extraction

Open Information Extraction (Open IE) is a paradigm that tries to extract as much information as possible, with less restriction on the information type to be extracted. It extracts relation tuples, in which a relation tuple consists of a relation tuple trigger and several relation arguments. Previous studies on developing Open IE systems have mainly been for English. Recently, several works have also been carried out in other languages, but there is no study on Open IE for Indonesian. In this paper, we investigate several rule-based methods for building an Open IE system for Indonesian. We use lexical and syntactic features that were obtained from an Indonesian language processing tool and compare the extraction results against the standard English Open IE systems. The experimental results for English-Indonesian parallel sentences show that the POSTag+Noun Phrase-based rules have better performance. At the same time, the dependency relation-based performance depends on the dependency parser performance, which still needs improvement since we use a small size dataset on training the parser. However, both approaches show good performance in identifying the relation tuple trigger, with the recall score being 0.96 for the POSTag+Noun Phrase-based rules and 0.6 for the POSTag+Dependency relation based-rules.
Planar Resonator Embedded Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Cavity Filter

Two capacitor loaded planar resonators are introduced in a two-cavity substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) structure to obtain a fourth order filter. The planar resonators each produce a transmission zero by signal interference. Design methodology for a 5 % bandwidth bandpass filter operating at 2.35 GHz is presented in the paper. Two transmission zeroes are placed on either side of the filter passband to obtain a quasi-elliptic response with a mid-band inserion loss of 1.65 dB. Good agreement is obtained between measured and simulated responses of the single-layer printed circuit board (PCB) filter.
Why is Health Related to Socioeconomic Status?

There are striking disparities in morbidity and mortality by socioeconomic status (SES) within the United States. I examine pregnancy and health at birth to investigate possible mechanisms linking SES and health. I find that a limited set of maternal health habits during pregnancy, particularly smoking habits, can explain about half (one third) of the correlation between SES and low birth weight among white (black) mothers. I show evidence on three hypotheses to explain why health habits vary by SES. First, differences in knowledge by SES create only modest differences in health behaviors by SES, explaining about 10 percent of differential smoking by education. Second, women respond to common knowledge differentially by SES, so that knowledge and its use combined explain up to one third of differential smoking by education. Third, the most important determinants of differential health behavior are 'third variables,' or variables that can simultaneously determine health habits and SES. Finally, I show evidence that network effects at the family level exacerbate differences in behavior regardless of the source.
Limitations of Using Pediatric Respiratory Illness Readmissions to Compare Hospital Performance

BACKGROUND Adult hospital readmission rates can reliably identify meaningful variation in hospital performance; however, pediatric condition-specific readmission rates are limited by low patient volumes. OBJECTIVE To determine if a National Quality Forum (NQF)-endorsed measure for pediatric lower respiratory illness (LRI) 30-day readmission rates can meaningfully identify high- and low-performing hospitals. DESIGN Observational, retrospective cohort analysis. We applied the pediatric LRI measure and several variations to evaluate their ability to detect performance differences. SETTING Administrative claims from all hospital admissions in California (2012-2014). PATIENTS Children (age <18 years) with LRI (primary diagnosis: bronchiolitis, influenza, or pneumonia; or LRI as a secondary diagnosis with a primary diagnosis of respiratory failure, sepsis, bacteremia, or asthma). MEASUREMENTS Thirty-day hospital readmission rates and costs. Hierarchical regression models adjusted for age, gender, and chronic conditions were used. RESULTS Across all California hospitals admitting children (n = 239) using respiratory readmission rates, no outlier hospitals were identified with (1) the NQF-endorsed metric, (2) inclusion of primary asthma or secondary asthma exacerbation diagnoses, or (3) inclusion of 30-day emergency revisits. By including admissions for asthma, adding emergency revisits, and merging 3 years of data, we identified 9 outlier hospitals (2 high-performers, 7 low-performers). There was no association of hospital readmission rates with costs. CONCLUSIONS Using a nationally-endorsed quality measure of inpatient pediatric care, we were unable to identify meaningful variation in hospital performance without broadening the metric definition and merging multiple years of data. Utilizers of pediatric-quality measures should consider modifying metrics to better evaluate the quality of pediatric care at low-volume hospitals.
Adaptive Function Expansion 3-D Diagonal-Structure Bilinear Filter for Active Noise Control of Saturation Nonlinearity

In this paper, a general function expansion bilinear (FEB) filter with a 3-D diagonal structure is proposed to deal with the problem of saturation nonlinearity in active noise control (ANC) systems. In an ANC system, the reference microphone and/or loudspeaker may be saturated when the acoustic noise and/or the controller output exceeds the dynamic limits of electronic devices. Such saturation nonlinearity degrades the control performance of the linear and some nonlinear control filters equipped with a filtered-x least mean square (FXLMS) algorithm. In order to tackle the problem of signal saturation, we use a new nonlinear saturation ANC (NSANC) model and derive a function expansion diagonal-structure bilinear FXLMS (FEDBFXLMS) algorithm. The performance of the proposed filters equipped with the associated FEDBFXLMS algorithm is validated through the analysis of computational complexity and simulations of various nonlinearities for NSANC systems. Computer simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FEB filter can achieve significant performance improvement in reducing saturation effects in comparison with the diagonal-channel bilinear filter and the recursive second-order Volterra filter based on the FXLMS algorithm, which often outperform the conventional nonlinear Volterra and functional link artificial neural network (FLANN) filters.
Acute and Delayed Neuromuscular Alterations Induced by Downhill Running in Trained Trail Runners: Beneficial Effects of High-Pressure Compression Garments

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine, from a crossover experimental design, whether wearing high-pressure compression garments (CGs) during downhill treadmill running affects soft-tissue vibrations, acute and delayed responses in running economy (RE), neuromuscular function, countermovement jump, and perceived muscle soreness. Methods: Thirteen male trail runners habituated to regular eccentric training performed two separate 40-min downhill running (DHR, –8.5°) sessions while wearing either CGs (15–20 mmHg for quadriceps and calves) or control garments (CON) at a velocity associated with ∼55% of VO2max, with a set of measurements before (Pre-), after (Post-DHR), and 1 day after (Post-1D). No CGs was used within the recovery phase. Perceived muscle soreness, countermovement jump, and neuromuscular function (central and peripheral components) of knee extensors (KE) and plantar flexors (PF) were assessed. Cardiorespiratory responses (e.g., heart rate, ventilation) and RE, as well as soft-tissue vibrations (root mean square of the resultant acceleration, RMS Ar) for vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius medialis were evaluated during DHR and in Post-1D. Results: During DHR, mean values in RMS Ar significantly increased over time for the vastus lateralis only for the CON condition (+11.6%). RE and cardiorespiratory responses significantly increased (i.e., alteration) over time in both conditions. Post, small to very large central and peripheral alterations were found for KE and PF in both conditions. However, the deficit in voluntary activation (VA) was significantly lower for KE following CGs (–2.4%), compared to CON (–7.9%) conditions. No significant differences in perceived muscle soreness and countermovement jump were observed between conditions whatever the time period. Additionally, in Post-1D, the CGs condition showed reductions in neuromuscular peripheral alterations only for KE (from –4.4 to –7.7%) and perceived muscle soreness scores (–8.3%). No significant differences in cardiorespiratory and RE responses as well as countermovement jump were identified between conditions in Post-1D. Discussion: Wearing high-pressure CGs (notably on KE) during DHR was associated with beneficial effects on soft-tissue vibrations, acute and delayed neuromuscular function, and perceived muscle soreness. The use of CGs during DHR might contribute to the enhanced muscle recovery by exerting an exercise-induced “mechanical protective effect. ”