Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An integrated services token-controlled ring network

A ring protocol is proposed that allows voice and data traffic to coexist within the ring. This ring has the following distinct features: (1) it allows synchronous traffic such as voice and video to have a definite access to the channel within each packetization period (or frame); (2) it allows data messages to have a higher channel access priority provided that the synchronous traffic is not delayed by more than one frame; (3) it supports variable rate data circuits. Simulation results show that the data-message delay is much smaller than for other integrated services schemes. Urgent messages can be transmitted with a higher priority over voice. Since the voice packet delay is bounded within one packetization period, no time-stamping is needed and the voice loss can be completely avoided by reserving a sufficient number of slots. Continual speech reception is possible by synchronizing the speech regeneration process to the end of each frame. Since the ring is synchronized, gateway switching to external circuit-switched and packet-switched networks is very simple. >
Diagnostic accuracy of history and physical examination of superior labrum anterior- posterior lesions.

CONTEXT Type I superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions involve degenerative fraying and probably are not the cause of shoulder pain. Type II to IV SLAP lesions are tears of the labrum. OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic accuracy of patient history and the active compression, anterior slide, and crank tests for type I and type II to IV SLAP lesions. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Clinic. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Fifty-five patients (47 men, 8 women; age = 40.6 ± 15.1 years) presenting with shoulder pain. INTERVENTION(S) For each patient, an orthopaedic surgeon conducted a clinical examination of history of trauma; sudden onset of symptoms; history of popping, clicking, or catching; age; and active compression, crank, and anterior slide tests. The reference standard was the intraoperative diagnosis. The operating surgeon was blinded to the results of the clinical examination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Diagnostic utility was calculated using the receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (+LR), and negative likelihood ratio (-LR). Forward stepwise binary regression was used to determine a combination of tests for diagnosis. RESULTS No history item or physical examination test had diagnostic accuracy for type I SLAP lesions (n = 13). The anterior slide test had utility (AUC = 0.70, +LR = 2.25, -LR = 0.44) to confirm and exclude type II to IV SLAP lesions (n = 10). The combination of a history of popping, clicking, or catching and the anterior slide test demonstrated diagnostic utility for confirming type II to IV SLAP lesions (+LR = 6.00). CONCLUSIONS The anterior slide test had limited diagnostic utility for confirming and excluding type II to IV SLAP lesions; diagnostic values indicated only small shifts in probability. However, the combination of the anterior slide test with a history of popping, clicking, or catching had moderate diagnostic utility for confirming type II to IV SLAP lesions. No single item or combination of history items and physical examination tests had diagnostic utility for type I SLAP lesions.
Quantitative structure‐mobility relationship analysis of imidazoline receptor ligands in CDs‐mediated CE

The performed quantitative structure‐mobility relationship (QSMR) study has investigated relative migration times of 11 guanidine/imidazoline derivatives, imidazoline receptor ligands, in CE system containing one of CDs, α‐, β‐, or γ‐CD, using linear and nonlinear modeling methods. The analyzed ligands and their inclusion complexes with CDs were fully examined and optimized at semiempirical parametrized model 3 level. The density functional theory, such as B3LYP/6–31G+(d,p)/3–21G(d)/STO‐3G(d,p)/STO‐3G(d), and ab initio theory, such as HF/3–21G(d)/STO‐3G(d), were applied for molecular descriptors computation of the optimized ligands and their complexes. Predictive performances of the developed QSMR models were tested by use of the cross‐validation and external test set prediction. Obtained results for Q2 values (0.869, 0.911, and 0.966 for CE system containing α‐, β‐, and γ‐CD, respectively) and root mean squared error of prediction (0.239, 0.242, and 0.288 for α‐, β‐, and γ‐CD, respectively) were proved high predictive power of the proposed models. Finally, multitarget QSMR model, using the ligands descriptors (X) and the relative migration time in presence of α‐CD (Y1), β‐CD (Y2), and γ‐CD (Y3), has been created. The multitarget QSMR model can be used as initial screening predictive tool for CE migration behavior of other related guanidine/imidazoline derivatives in presence of α‐, β‐, and γ‐CD.
"Managing the Transition"Supplier Management in International Joint Ventures in China

Attracted by the easier access to local markets, many foreign companies have formed manufacturing joint ventures in China. One of the key elements of successful international joint venture (IJV) manufacturing in China is the management of suppliers, since the supply chain plays an essential role in contributing to both the quality of finished products and controlling costs. Supplier management in Chinese IJVs is an under‐researched area and so an exploratory study of five manufacturers was conducted using a case study approach. The results show the difficulties faced by IJVs which are in attempting to maintain quality levels at the same time as trying to reduce costs by purchasing materials and components locally. In addition to identifying important implications for companies, the research shows the need for further investigation of the contextual aspects of good supplier management.
Relations of left ventricular mass to demographic and hemodynamic variables in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have identified associations of left ventricular (LV) mass with demographic (body habitus and sex) and hemodynamic variables (blood pressure, stroke volume [SV], and myocardial contractility), but the relative strength and independence of these associations remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined the relations of echocardiographically determined LV mass to demographic variables, blood pressure, Doppler SV, and measures of contractility (end-systolic stress [ESS]/end-systolic volume index and midwall fractional shortening [MFS] as a percentage of predicted for circumferential end-systolic stress [stress-independent shortening]) in 1935 American Indian participants in the Strong Heart Study phase 2 examination without mitral regurgitation or segmental wall motion abnormalities. Weak positive relations of LV mass with systolic and diastolic pressures (r=.22 and r=.20) were exceeded by positive relations with height (r=.30), weight (r=.47), body mass index (r=.31), body surface area (r=.49), and Doppler SV (r=.50) and negative relations with ESS/volume index ratios (r= -.33 and -.29) and stress-independent MFS (r= -.26, all P<.0001). In multivariate analyses that included blood pressure, SV, and a different contractility measure in each model, systolic pressure, stroke volume, and the contractility measure were independent correlates of LV mass (multiple R=.60 to .66, all P<.0001). When demographic variables were added, LV mass was more strongly predicted by higher SV and lower afterload-independent MFS than by greater systolic pressure, height, and body mass index (each P<.00001, multiple R=.71). CONCLUSIONS Additional characterization of volume load and contractile efficiency improves hemodynamic prediction of LV mass (R(2)=. 30 to . 44) over the use of systolic blood pressure alone (R(2)=. 05), with a further increase in R(2) to . 51 when demographic variables are also considered. However, nearly half of the ventricular mass variability remains unexplained.
Effects of capsaicin pretreatment on neuropeptides and salivary secretion of rat parotid glands

1 ‘Atropine‐resistant’ secretion of saliva in response to parasympathetic stimulation may reflect antidromic activation of sensory nerve fibres. In this investigation, the effect of pretreatment in the rat with capsaicin (total dose of 125 mg kg−1, s.c.), was determined. 2 In the parotid glands substance P (SP)/calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP)‐containing nerve fibres around ducts and blood vessels disappeared after capsaicin, while periacinar SP‐containing fibres (devoid of CGRP) and CGRP‐containing fibres (devoid of SP) remained. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)‐containing nerve fibres seemed to be unaffected. The parotid content of SP and CGRP was reduced by 11 and 36% respectively, while that of VIP remained unchanged. 3 The weights of the parotid glands and their sensitivity to the secretagogues methacholine and SP, injected intravenously, were unchanged as was the response to stimulation of the auriculo‐temporal nerve in the presence and absence of atropine. 4 In contrast to capsaicin pretreatment, parasympathetic denervation of the parotid gland reduced the weight of the gland and produced an increase in the response to methacholine and SP. 5 For comparison, the effectiveness of the capsaicin treatment on neuropeptide content was determined in the urinary bladder. The bladder of capsaicin‐pretreated rats increased in weight (21%) and in VIP content (31%), while the content of SP and CGRP was reduced by 86 and 94%, respectively. SP‐ and CGRP‐containing nerve fibres were virtually eliminated, while VIP‐containing nerve fibres seemed unaffected. 6 In conclusion, antidromic activation of primary afferent (capsaicin‐sensitive) C‐fibres does not contribute significantly to the ‘atropine‐resistant’ secretory response of the parotid gland to stimulation of the parasympathetic nerve.
A novel pruning approach using expert knowledge

Many traditional pruning methods assume that all the datasets are equally probable and equally important. Thus, they apply equal pruning to all the datasets. However, in real-world classification problems, all the datasets are not equal. Consequently, considering equal pruning rate tends to generate inefficient and large size decision trees. Therefore, we propose a practical algorithm to deal with the data specific classification problem when there are datasets with different properties. In this paper, First, we computed the data specific pruning values for each dataset. Then, we used expert knowledge to find inexact pruning value. Finally, we integrated those values in a well established pruning technique to form Expert Knowledge based Pruning (EKBP). We empirically validated the analysis with publicly available 40 datasets from UCI on four existing techniques. Both the analytical and experimental results have shown that our proposed method achieves reduction of tree size and retains equal or better accuracy.
Title : 1 Regulation of Hepatitis C Virus Replication by Nuclear Translocation of 2 Nonstructural 5 A Protein and Transcriptional Activation of Host Genes 3 4

26 27 Hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) is involved in regulating 28 viral replication through its direct interaction with the HCV RNA-dependent RNA 29 polymerase. NS5A also alters infected cell metabolism through complex interactions 30 with numerous host cell proteins. NS5A has furthermore been suggested to act as a 31 transcriptional activator, although the impact on viral replication is unclear. To study 32 this, HCV NS5A variants were amplified from hepatic tissue from an HCV-infected 33 patient, and their abilities to activate gene transcription were analyzed in a single 34 hybrid yeast model. Different variants isolated from the same patient displayed 35 different transactivational activities. When these variants were inserted into the HCV 36 subgenomic replicon system, they demonstrated varying levels of RNA replication, 37 which correlated with their transactivational activities. We showed that the C-terminal 38 fragment of NS5A was localized to the nucleus, and that a functional NS5A nuclear 39 localization signal and cellular caspase activity were required for this process. 40 Furthermore, nuclear localization of NS5A was necessary for viral replication. Finally, 41 we demonstrate that nuclear NS5A binds to host-cell promoters of several genes 42 previously identified as important for efficient HCV RNA replication, inducing their 43 transcription. Taken together, these results demonstrate a new mechanism by which 44 HCV modulates its cellular environment, thereby enhancing viral replication. 45
Humidity sensing characteristics of plasma functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube-Polyimide composite films

This paper reports the fabrication of a novel resistive-type relative humidity sensor based on plasma-functionalized MWCNT/Polyimide composite films. The relative humidity sensors shows a good linearity of 1.10 over a wide humidity range, with the sensitivity of 60Omega/%RH and response time of 10 min. The resistance increase with water adsorption of composite films with high MWCNT concentration is explained on the basis of charge transfer between the adsorbed water molecules and the CNTs.
Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase: Structure and Functions, Expression and Mutations

Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), a member of the Tec family of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), plays a vital and diverse function in many cellular processes. BTK is expressed throughout B cell development, widely participating in multiple signal pathways including PI3K, PLCγ, and PKC. Those pathways play critical functions in cell proliferation, development, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The expression of BTK is selectively down-regulated in T lymphocytes and plasma cells and the relative level of BTK expression may be modulated in different developmental populations of B cells. Mutations in the gene for BTK are responsible for X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) in human and X-inked immunodeficiency (xid) in mice. Both of these diseases are characterized by blocks in B-cell development at multiple stages and impaired function of residual mature B cells. To date, more than 1252 mutations have been identified in human BTK gene associating with XLA. Targeting BTK has achieved remarkable efficacy in B cell malignancies, multiple myeloma and related bone disease. The present review discusses the recent data regarding the role of BTK in B cell development and its structure, regulation, functions, expression and mutations.
Engineering of an Escherichia coli Strain for the Production of 3-Methyl-1-Butanol

ABSTRACT 3-Methyl-1-butanol is a potential fuel additive or substitute. Previously this compound was identified in small quantities in yeast fermentation as one of the fusel alcohols. In this work, we engineered an Escherichia coli strain to produce 3-methyl-1-butanol from glucose via the host's amino acid biosynthetic pathways. Strain improvement with the removal of feedback inhibition and competing pathways increased the selectivity and productivity of 3-methyl-1-butanol. This work demonstrates the feasibility of production of 3-methyl-1-butanol as a biofuel and shows promise in using E. coli as a host for production.
The Nonlinear Resource Allocation Problem

In this paper we study the nonlinear resource allocation problem, defined as the minimization of a convex function over one convex constraint and bounded integer variables. This problem is encountered in a variety of applications, including capacity planning in manufacturing and computer networks, production planning, capital budgeting, and stratified sampling. Despite its importance to these and other applications, the nonlinear resource allocation problem has received little attention in the literature. Therefore, we develop a branch-and-bound algorithm to solve this class of problems. First we present a general framework for solving the continuous-variable problem. Then we use this framework as the basis for our branch-and-bound method. We also develop reoptimization procedures and a heuristic that significantly improve the performance of the branch-and-bound algorithm. In addition, we show how the algorithm can be modified to solve nonconvex problems so that a concave objective function can be handled. The general algorithm is specialized for the applications mentioned above and computational results are reported for problems with up to 200 integer variables. A computational comparison with a 0, 1 linearization approach is also provided.
The research on financial monitoring of managers based on dynamic capital structure adjustment

In agency theory, the debt right and equity ownership of capital structure have the effect of government, which can realize the monitoring of the managers' financial behaviors. In this paper, we use a dynamic multi-agent model to study how to dynamically adjust the capital structure to achieve the target of monitoring the managers' investment, financing and profit sharing behaviors. In the established investment environment, in order to avoid infringing the interests of clients and maximize the enterprise value, each party in agency relationship can reduce the agency costs and achieve capital structure improvement by the game process of dynamic adjustment of capital structure. We also believe that in order to protect the interests of minority shareholders, over-concentration and over-dispersion of equity should be both avoided and diversified ownership structure of investment should be advocated.
The role of BK virus in acute respiratory tract disease and the presence of BKV DNA in tonsils

The significance of BKV infections relative to infections by generally tested respiratory agents was investigated in children with acute respiratory disease. Paired sera from 177 children admitted to a hospital for acute respiratory disease were tested for significant rises in antibodies. Sera from seven patients showed a seroconversion to BKV and clinical signs of acute upper respiratory tract infection were exhibited by each of these patients.
High Density Lipoprotein Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus-neutralizing Antibodies by Stimulating Cell Entry via Activation of the Scavenger Receptor BI*

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) exploits serum-dependent mechanisms that inhibit neutralizing antibodies. Here we demonstrate that high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a key serum factor that attenuates neutralization by monoclonal and HCV patient-derived polyclonal antibodies of infectious pseudo-particles (HCVpp) harboring authentic E1E2 glycoproteins and cell culture-grown genuine HCV (HCVcc). Over 10-fold higher antibody concentrations are required to neutralize either HCV-enveloped particles in the presence of HDL or human serum, and less than 3–5-fold reduction of infectious titers are obtained at saturating antibody concentrations, in contrast to complete inhibition in serum-free conditions. We show that HDL interaction with the scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI), a proposed cell entry co-factor of HCV and a receptor mediating lipid transfer with HDL, strongly reduces neutralization of HCVpp and HCVcc. We found that HDL activation of target cells strongly stimulates cell entry of viral particles by accelerating their endocytosis, thereby suppressing a 1-h time lag during which cell-bound virions are not internalized and can be targeted by antibodies. Compounds that inhibit lipid transfer functions of SR-BI fully restore neutralization by antibodies in human serum. We demonstrate that this functional HDL/SR-BI interaction only interferes with antibodies blocking HCV-E2 binding to CD81, a major HCV receptor, reflecting its prominent role during the cell entry process. Moreover, we identify monoclonal antibodies targeted to epitopes in the E1E2 complex that are not inhibited by HDL. Consistently, we show that antibodies targeted to HCV-E1 efficiently neutralize HCVpp and HCVcc in the presence of human serum.
An inverse correlation of HTLV-I viral load in CSF and intrathecal synthesis of HTLV-I antibodies in TSP/HAM

Article abstract The authors measured human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral load and intrathecal synthesis of antibodies to HTLV-I in CSF of 13 Brazilian patients with tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I–associated myelopathy (HAM). The authors also measured HTLV-I proviral load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of five of these patients and found that it was 10- to 100-fold higher than that in CSF cells. The combination of HTLV-I proviral load and intrathecal synthesis of antibodies to HTLV-I appears to be a useful marker of disease progression. Patients with high viral load and no intrathecal synthesis of antibodies to HTLV-I had more rapidly progressing, serious clinical disease.
Characterization of a cDNA Encoding Ribosomal Protein S16 in Rice

Eukaryotic cytosolic ribosomes are composed of four RNA species and about 80 ribosomal proteins. The assem-bly of a functional ribosome requires the coordinate expression of genes for a11 constituent ribosomal proteins as well as rRNAs (Amaldi Molecular dissection of animal ribosomal protein genes revealed that sequence elements embedded in the promoters and the 5‘ end of mature transcripts play critica1 roles in transcriptional and translational control of their expression (Hariharan and Perry, 1990). Relatively little is known about the regulation of plant ribosomal protein gene expression. Over the last few years, an increasing number of plant ribosomal protein genes have been cloned and sequenced (Taylor and 1994, and refs. therein). Such structural information is an essential early step in exploring the function of the genes. the 40s
Using Sentence-Level Classifiers for Cross-Domain Sentiment Analysis

Abstract : DRDC has been developing a suite of capabilities built around models of semantics andvisual analytic tools for Applied Research Project (ARP) 15ah. Recently, we implemented asentiment analyser in a document visualization tool called Handles to allow users to examinethe positive and negative opinions associated with concepts. The results were unimpressive.Specifically, the system does poorly classifying document from domains that are differentfrom the training domain. In the work reported here, we consider and explore the twosolutions. First we explore whether a more fine-grained analysis of sentiment where thesentences of a document are used as the functional unit of analysis rather than the wholedocument improves performance. Second, we increased the granularity of the classificationduring training from binary (positive or negative) to trinary (positive, negative, or neutral) tosee if performance improved. Neither solution worked well. However, when we mixeddocuments from different domains together during training, we did find that the performanceimproved. We take the results to suggest that the best way to build a sentiment classifier thatis agnostic with respect to domain is to train the classifier on examples from as many domainsas possible.
Incidence of symptomatic hand, hip, and knee osteoarthritis among patients in a health maintenance organization.

OBJECTIVE To quantify the incidence of symptomatic hand, hip, and knee osteoarthritis (OA) among members of the Fallon Community Health Plan, a health maintenance organization located in central Massachusetts. METHODS Incident OA was defined as the first evidence of OA by radiography (grade > or = 2 on the Kellgren-Lawrence scale of 0-4) plus joint symptoms at the time the radiograph was obtained or up to 1 year before the radiograph was obtained. RESULTS The age- and sex-standardized incidence rate for hand OA was 100/100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 86, 115), for hip OA 88/100,000 person-years (95% CI 75, 101), and for knee OA 240/100,000 person-years (95% CI 218, 262). The incidence of hand, hip, and knee OA increased with age, and women had higher rates than men, especially after age 50. A leveling off or decline occurred for both groups around the age of 80. CONCLUSION In a large study of symptomatic OA we observed incidence rates that increased with age. In women ages 70-89, the incidence of knee OA approached 1% per year.