Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal 3D image registration for mesoscale studies of brain development

Comparison of brain samples representing different developmental stages often necessitates registering the samples to common coordinates. Although the available software tools are successful in registering 3D images of adult brains, registration of perinatal brains remains challenging due to rapid growth-dependent morphological changes and variations in developmental pace between animals. To address these challenges, we introduce CORGI (Customizable Object Registration for Groups of Images), an algorithm for the registration of perinatal brains. First, we optimized image preprocessing to increase the algorithm’s sensitivity to mismatches in registered images. Second, we developed an attention-gated simulated annealing procedure capable of focusing on the differences between perinatal brains. Third, we applied classical multidimensional scaling (CMDS) to align (“synchronize”) brain samples in time, accounting for individual development paces. We tested CORGI on 28 samples of whole-mounted perinatal mouse brains (P0–P9) and compared its accuracy with other registration algorithms. Our algorithm offers a runtime of several minutes per brain on a laptop and automates such brain registration tasks as mapping brain data to atlases, comparing experimental groups, and monitoring brain development dynamics.
Spatiotemporal specificity of correlated DNA methylation and gene expression pairs across different human tissues and stages of brain development

DNA methylation (DNAm) that occurs on promoter regions is primarily considered to repress gene expression. Previous studies indicated that DNAm could also show positive correlations with gene expression. Both DNAm and gene expression profiles are known to be tissue- and development-specific. This study aims to investigate how DNAm and gene expression are coordinated across different human tissues and developmental stages, as well as the biological significance of such correlations. By analyzing 2,239 samples with both DNAm and gene expression data in the same human subjects obtained from six published datasets, we evaluated the correlations between gene and CpG pairs (GCPs) at cis-regions and compared significantly correlated GCPs (cGCPs) across different tissues and brains at different age groups. A total of 37,363 cGCPs were identified in the six datasets; approximately 38% of the cGCPs were positively correlated. The majority (>90%) of cGCPs were tissue- or development-specific. We also observed that the correlation direction can be opposite in different tissues and ages. Further analysis highlighted the importance of cGCPs for their cellular functions and potential roles in complex traits and human diseases. For instance, early developmental brain possessed a highly unique set of cGCPs that were associated with neurogenesis and psychiatric disorders. By assessing the epigenetic factors involved in cGCPs, we discovered novel regulatory mechanisms of positive cGCPs distinct from negative cGCPs, which were related to multiple factors, such as H3K27me3, CTCF, and JARD2. The catalog of cGCPs compiled can be used to guide functional interpretation of genetic and epigenetic studies.
IL-31 uncouples skin inflammation from itch sensation in allergic dermatitis

Despite a robust literature associating IL-31 with pruritic inflammatory skin diseases, its influence on cutaneous inflammation and on the interplay between inflammatory and neurosensory pathways remain unmapped. Here, we examined the effects of IL-31 and its receptor IL31RA on both inflammation and pruritus in mouse models of dermatitis, including chronic topical house dust mite (HDM) exposure. Unexpectedly, Il31 deficiency increased cutaneous adaptive type 2 cytokine-producing cells and serum IgE. In addition, M2-like macrophages capable of fueling feedforward pro-inflammatory loops were selectively enriched in Il31ra-deficient skin. Thus, IL-31 is not strictly a pro-inflammatory cytokine, but rather an immunoregulatory factor that limits the magnitude of allergic skin inflammation. In contrast, Il31-deficient mice displayed a deficit in HDM-induced scratching. Itch reduction occurred despite intact – and in some cases increased – responsiveness of sensory neurons to other pruritogens released during HDM challenge, highlighting the non-redundant contribution of IL-31-receptive sensory afferents to pruritus in environmental allergen-induced dermatitis. When present, therefore, IL-31 uncouples circuits driven by sensory neurons and immune cells that converge in inflamed skin.
Recruitment of endoplasmic reticulum-targeted and cytosolic mRNAs into membrane-associated stress granules

Stress granules (SGs) are membraneless organelles composed of mRNAs and RNA binding proteins which undergo assembly in response to stress-induced inactivation of translation initiation. The biochemical criteria for mRNA recruitment into SGs are largely unknown. In general, SG recruitment is limited to a subpopulation of a given mRNA species and RNA-seq analyses of purified SGs revealed that signal sequence-encoding (i.e. endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted) transcripts are significantly under-represented, consistent with prior reports that ER-localized mRNAs are excluded from SGs. Using translational profiling, cell fractionation, and single molecule mRNA imaging, we examined SG biogenesis during the unfolded protein response (UPR) and report that UPR-elicited SG formation is gene selective. Combined immunofluorescence-smFISH studies demonstrated that UPR-induced mRNA granules co-localized with SG protein markers and were in close physical proximity to or directly associated with the ER membrane. mRNA recruitment into ER-associated SGs required stress-induced translational inhibition, though translational inhibition was not solely predictive of mRNA accumulation in SGs. SG formation in response to UPR activation or arsenite addition was blocked by the transcriptional inhibitors actinomycin D or triptolide, suggesting a functional link between gene transcriptional state and SG biogenesis. These data demonstrate that ER-targeted mRNAs can be recruited into SGs and identify the ER as a subcellular site of SG assembly. On the basis of the transcriptional inhibitor studies, we propose that newly transcribed mRNAs undergoing nuclear export during conditions of suppressed translation initiation are key substrates for SG biogenesis.
The construction of a water rights system in China that is suited to the strictest water resources management system

Establishing a modern water rights system (WRS) that is suited to the Strictest Water Resources Management System (SWRM) is an important reform in China9s water resources management in terms of addressing current water issues. However, there are still several problems in the construction of a WRS, such as ambiguity in the definition of water rights, weakness in the infrastructure of water rights and imperfect WRS legislation. Moreover, water rights allocation (WRA) and water rights trading (WRT), which are two core components of water rights, still have some problems that remain to be solved. The ‘Three Red Lines’, which make up the core of the SWRM, are expounded upon, and the relationship between the WRS and the SWRM is analyzed. Finally, some appropriate recommendations based on the ‘Three Red Lines’ are provided to perfect the WRS so that it is suitable for the SWRM. In this paper, we conclude that the WRS is a type of water resource management that can effectively solve the current water issues in China. Significant efforts have been made in the construction of the WRS, which has achieved remarkable success in a period of exploration and practice in China. The construction of the WRS supports sustainable social and economic development and results in harmonious relationships between humans and nature.
Stakeholders’ Perception Toward Resource Mobilization in Rupandehi

This paper analyzes the perception of the stakeholders toward resource mobilization in Rupandehi district. Using the questionnaire survey on purposive sample of 80 respondents representing government employees, former officials of LBs, representatives from civil societies and NGOs, and experts on fiscal decentralization and local development, the study reports that many of the stakeholders are not satisfied with the current local resources mobilization practices of Rupandehi district. As the study indicates, there is resource gap in local level to meet the aspiration and demand of people. Thus, the study results show that, in order to mobilize effectively the local resources in development activities, the capacity of local bodies needs to be enhanced.
Accuracy and Physical Characterization of Approximate Arithmetic Circuits

With the end of Dennard's scale, designers have been looking for new alternatives and approximate computing (AC) has managed to attract the attention of researchers, by offering techniques ranging from the application level to the circuit level. When applying approximate circuit techniques in hardware design, the program user may speed up the application while a designer may save area and power dissipation at the cost of less accuracy on the operations results. This paper discusses the compromise between accuracy versus physical efﬁciency by presenting a set of experiments and results of tailor-made approximate arithmetic circuits on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platforms. Our results reveal that an approximate circuit with accuracy control could not be useful if the goal is to save circuit area or even power dissipation. Even for circuits that seem to have power efﬁciency, we should care about the size and prototyping platform where the hardware will be used.
Predicting Student Success according to Online Activities in a Blended Course using Artificial Neural Networks

In a blended course, some portion of the classes is held as the traditional face-to-face approach whereas the rest is conducted as a web-based online learning approach. In this paper, we focus on a selected blended course in order to observe the effects of online activities on the final success of students in that course. We opt to calculate the success of a student in a course with two metrics. The first success metric is the letter grade and the second is if the student passes or fails. We would like to predict the student success by applying an artificial neural network (ANN) model. In the model, we provided different set of features from the collected features The experiment results indicate that predicting grade letters is much more prone to errors than predicting the pass/fall result. The tests show that we can predict if a student pass or fail with about 81% accuracy considering only the number of online activities. These results indicate that, in a blended course, student success is not only determined by the quantity of online activities but also it might be related with the quality of the face-to-face interaction with the instructor.
Integral Order Photonic RF Signal Processors Based on Kerr Micro-combs

Soliton crystal micro-combs are powerful tools as sources of multiple wavelength channels for radio frequency (RF) signal processing. They offer a compact device footprint, large numbers of wavelengths, very high versatility, and wide Nyquist bandwidths. Here, we demonstrate integral order RF signal processing functions based on a soliton crystal micro-comb, including a Hilbert transformer and firstto third-order differentiators. We compare and contrast results achieved and the tradeoffs involved with varying comb spacing, tap design methods, as well as shaping methods.
Metabonomic Profiling Analyses Reveal ANS Upregulation to Enhance the Flavonoid Pathway of Purple-Fleshed Sweet Potato Storage Root in Response to Deep Shading

Intercropping, as a common worldwide cultivation pattern, provides opportunities for sustainable agriculture with fuller use of light, temperature and land resources and greater yield per unit of land. The intercropping impact on crop quality is a current focus. This study found that shading cultivation of purple-fleshed sweet potato can improve the storage root pigment accumulation by more than 20% to increase economic benefits. We performed gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis of storage roots of the anthocyanin-enriched cultivar Jihei-1 under 60% shading and nonshaded treatments. A total of 224 differential metabolites were identified, among which N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, 1-monopalmitin, 4-pyridoxic acid, dodecano, arbutin, tryptophan, citrulline and phenylalanine were significantly upregulated under shading with a more than 10-fold change. Furthermore, metabolic pathway enrichment maps were based on the biological processes and stratification level selected. These metabolites mainly influenced the pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, the citrate cycle, organic acid biosynthesis and metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Through tissue-specific dynamic changes in amino acids, soluble sugars, starch and anthocyanins during storage root development, we proposed a variety-specific strategy of purplefleshed sweet potato in response to prolonged deep shading, that is, utilizing and enhancing broad aboveground-tissue photosynthesis and transferring photosynthates into roots in advance, leading to a rapid increase in storage root anthocyanin synthesis. With comprehensive qPCR, western blot and enzyme activity analyses, we identified three key enzymes, CHS, ANS and 3GT, in purple-fleshed sweet potato storage roots in response to shading, which affect the root anthocyanin content by influencing the flavonoid metabolism pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for revealing the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in crops and a guidance for high-quality sweet potato cultivation and nutritional improvement using shade facilities.
Analysis of phenol and tannin in the bark extracts of medicinally important plant Moringa oleifera (Lam.) collected from different regions of Haryana

Moringa oleifera (Lam.), family Moringaceae is a plant that possesses high medicinal value and a good source of natural antioxidants. The present study was conducted to determine the content of tannin and phenol in the crude bark extracts of Moringa oleifera, collected from Rewari, Panchkula, Sirsa, Fatehabad and Hisar districts of Haryana state. Phenol was found maximum in Sirsa and tannin was found maximum in Panchkula district. The present study revealed the presence of tannin and phenol in the stem bark of Moringa oleifera.
OnPotentialEquations of FiniteGames ⋆

In this paper, some new criteria for detecting whether a finite game is potential are proposed by solving potential equations. The verification equations with the minimal number for checking a potential game are obtained for the first time. Some connections between the potential equations and the existing characterizations of potential games are established. It is revealed that a finite game is potential if and only if its every bi-matrix sub-game is potential.
Importance of Delta Over Baseline Values in Predicting the Severity of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children

Introduction:Although severe forms of the disease are seen in adults, the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is usually acquired during childhood. Therefore, prompt diagnosis of H. pylori infection in childhood is of prime importance. In the present study, we aimed to identify the sensitivity and specificity of 13C urea breath test (UBT) in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection and to assess the severity of the disease with delta over baseline (DOB) values. Materials and Methods: UBT was administered to 200 children who presented with epigastric pain and/or nausea. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed in patients. UBT results were compared with histopathological findings. In the Area Under the ROC Curve analysis, a cutoff DOB value was found for the severity of H. pylori infection. Results: 193 children with a mean age of 13.50±2.98 years were included in the analysis. Of these, 71 (36.8%) patients had a positive UBT and 122 (63.2%) had a negative UBT. EGD was performed in 60 out of 71 patients with positive UBT and in 30 out of 122 patients with negative UBT. The sensitivity and specificity of UBT were 85.1% and 100%. DOB was found to be a significant predictor of moderate/marked H. pylori density at a cutoff value of 6%. Conclusions: The positive correlation detected between the level of DOB values and the density of H. pylori and inflammatory activity can be an advantage for detecting the severity of disease
Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Salicornia fruticosa

Seven major flavonoids were isolated and identified from the cytotoxic methanolic extract. The isolated compounds were identified, as quercetin 3’,4’-dimethyl ether (1), isorhamnetin (2), isorhamnetin 3-O-rhamnoside (3), isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside (4), isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside (5), isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperidoside (6), isorhamnetin 3-O-rhamnosyl(1-2)arabinoside (7), by chromatographic analysis, chemical and spectroscopic tools (acid hydrolysis, UV, 1H and 13C NMR). Compounds 1 and 3-7 were isolated for the first time from the plant under investigation. The evaluation of cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extract against HCT-116, HepG2, A549 and MCF7 human cancer cells, by MTT assay, revealed the higher potency of S. Fruticosa extract with IC50 [2.6. 10.9, 37.9, 5.4 (mg/ml)] respectively, comparable to that of doxorubicin. The obtained results suggested that the investigated plant could be used for future development of naturally occurring anticancer agent. Subclinical and clinical trials on polar fractions of S. fruticosa are mandatory to pave the way for its use in treatment of cancer diseases (HCT-116, HepG2, A549 and MCF-7).
ATTEMPTS BY MNCs TO EXPAND THE CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE SPIRIT THROUGH THE CONCEPT OF AGILITY: ROLE OF GLOBAL MANAGERS

Faced with an environment that is changing faster and faster, companies have long sought to encourage the almost automatic emergence of new approaches that can respond or even anticipate these changes. The development of creativity has become an essential theme. For more than 20 years, companies have been promoting the concept of agility at the same time as they attempted to extend creativity to all employees. Managers have been called upon to implement the corresponding actions. Our research, based on semi-structured interviews with 35 global managers, analyses several aspects of the implementation of the concepts. We looked particularly at what managers think of agility, how this concept relates to the efforts made to develop creativity, what they experienced, and the conditions for success. The analysis of the responses highlights the significant differences in perception, often linked to the functions performed in the company or to nationalities. Regardless of the value associated with agility, the interviewees agreed on the importance of the manager’s role while directing it in three different directions. The discussions also identify a series of necessary but not sufficient conditions for creativity to emerge. Implications for Central European audience: This paper does not deal with a problem specific to Central Europe. It is a general problem going beyond regional limits, as international management tends to use the same concepts everywhere. However, in its processing, we sought to interview several managers from this geographic area. In the second phase, we plan to improve the representativeness of managers from Central Europe to understand better what is specific to them.
1 Simulation of Gravity Wave D-region disturbance and its effect on the 1 LWPC simulated VLF signal . 2

8 In this work we show the result of the numerical simulation of the gravity waves (GWs) D region disturbance. Effectively, using the 9 Glukhov-Pasko-Inan (GPI) model of the electron density in the D region we were figured out the response of the electron density due 10 to gravity wave neutral atmosphere oscillation. As a consequence to the D region disturbance, the electron density sometimes 11 increases when the neutral atmosphere density decreases and vice versa. This behavior was interpreted by the decreases or increases 12 of ionization rate by chemical loss process. In a second simulation work, we used the Long Wave Propagation Capability (LWPC) 13 code to simulate the Very Low Frequency (VLF) signal when the gravity wave disturbance crossed the VLF path. The effect of the 14 disturbance is to decrease the VLF signal reflection height below the ambient altitude (87 km) when the electron density increases. On 15 the other hand and when the electron density drops, the VLF reflection altitude increased higher than 87 km. 16
AN INTEGRATED MODEL FOR DESIGNING AND DEVELOPING A KEY …

: Performance management is based on adequate strategic goal-setting, monitoring its accomplishment and achieved results, and dealing promptly with any problems which may arise during the implementation of a plan. Key performance indicators systems (KPIS) are a powerful tool for organizational change. Reliable and efficient KPIS may be designed by employing an integrated model which combines the design of key performance indicators with the flexible development of business intelligence (BI) systems.
Impact of Free Radicals on the Electrostatic Charging Tendency of Transformer Oils

In this contribution, the influence of free radicals concentration on the Electrostatic Charging Tendency (ECT) of aged mineral oils is reported. A free radical reagent, 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), is used to assess the relative concentration of free radicals. Prior to the ECT measurement, the oil samples were subjected to various stresses (corona discharges, multiple arcs or local overheating). Different ASTM standards were considered to assess the physicochemical properties before and after stress applications. It is found that free radicals affect the ECT. The theoretical premises that, free radicals may contribute to the ECT, is experimentally confirmed under laboratory conditions. The reason why this information is important is that ECT can significantly affect partial discharge inception in in-service transformers. Index Terms : Power transformer, mineral oil, free radicals, ECT.
Cytosolic g-Glutamyl Peptidases Process Glutathione Conjugates in the Biosynthesis of Glucosinolates and Camalexin in Arabidopsis

Fernando Geu-Flores,a,b,1,2 Morten Emil Møldrup,a,b,2 Christoph Böttcher,c Carl Erik Olsen,d Dierk Scheel,c and Barbara Ann Halkiera,b,3 a Section for Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark b Villum Kann Rasmussen Research Centre for Pro-Active Plants, Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark c Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany d Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark