Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gene modification strategies using AO‐mediated exon skipping and CRISPR/Cas9 as potential therapies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X‐linked genetic disease affecting 1 in 5000 young males worldwide annually. Patients experience muscle weakness and loss of ambulation at an early age, with ∼75% reduced life expectancy. Recently developed genetic editing strategies aim to convert severe DMD phenotypes to a milder disease course. Among these, the antisense oligonucleotide (AO)‐mediated exon skipping and the adeno‐associated viral‐delivered clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) associated protein 9 (adeno‐associated viral (AAV)‐delivered CRISPR/Cas9) gene editing have shown promising results in restoring dystrophin protein expression and functionality in skeletal and heart muscle in both animals and human cells in vivo and in vitro. However, therapeutic benefits currently remain unclear. The aim of this review is to compare the potential therapeutic benefits, efficacy, safety, and clinical progress of AO‐mediated exon skipping and CRISPR/Cas9 gene‐editing strategies. Both techniques have demonstrated therapeutic benefit and long‐term efficacy in clinical trials. AAV‐delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 may potentially correct disease‐causing mutations following a single treatment compared to the required continuous AO/PMO‐delivery of exon skipping drugs. The latter has the potential to increase the dystrophin expression in skeletal/heart muscle with sustained effects. However, therapeutic challenges including the need for optimised delivery must be overcome in to advance current clinical data.
Low Grip Strength As a Predictor of Recovery From Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA)

BACKGROUND: Some patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty(THA), continue to experience pain, limitations of activities of daily living, even when no specific prosthesis-related technical problem or failure can be identified, and mechanical or biologic problems have been ruled out. This study aims to assess whether low grip strength (GS) is predictive for the bad results after THA.METHODS: A prospective case-control study was designed to assess 202 cases of primary THA between Jan 1, 2018, to May 1, 2018, at an urban tertiary care hospital. Patients were placed into two cohorts based on preoperative GS levels. Differences in length of stay (LOS), 90-day postoperative complications, and hospital readmissions were compared. Besides, the correlations between GS and Harris hip score (HHS) and Short Form-12 (SF-12) score were tested. RESULTS: Eighty-two patients (40.6%) had low GS before THA. Patients with low GS were more likely to be female, older, fracture of femoral head or neck as the primary cause, albumin < 3.5 g/dL, and have a lower body mass index (BMI), higher ASA score, increased rates of the pressure sore, blood transfusion, and LOS compared to normal GS (all p<0.05). Besides, differences in 90-day postoperative complications and hospital readmissions and positive correlations between GS and HHS and SF-12 scores were detected (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: GS can serve as a useful indicator for assessing muscle weakness before primary THA. Clinicians should be encouraged to include GS assessment in their evaluation of patients who planned to undergo THA in order to optimize the treatment of high-risk individuals.
Endoscopic treatments for early gastroesophageal lesions

and Abstract: Gastroesophageal (GEJ) carcinoma is well-recognized since the 1970s and has shown 2.5-fold increase in incidence since then. There still exists much controversy and ambiguity in the literature about the occurrence and recurrence of these lesions post-treatment. This has been attributed to the variability in the terms and definitions used in these junctional lesions. Despite this, great strides have been made in the treatment of early lesions decreasing morbidity and mortality from surgical treatment options. The current modalities involve ablation [like radiofrequency, cryo or argon plasma coagulation (APC)] and/or resection [endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)] depending on the type and nature of lesion. These techniques are an effective tool demonstrating high rates of complete eradication of metaplasia or dysplasia (CE-IM/CE-D). It is crucial that the endoscopists are mindful about meticulous examination of the GEJ and Cardia as well as partake in appropriate surveillance post-endoscopic eradication. In addition, appropriate documentation of the location and type of lesion is also extremely important. This review aims to compare current endoscopic techniques in their efficacy, need for expertise and risk of complications when used in the treatment of early junctional lesions. Future studies and guideline recommendations to standardize definitions, diagnoses and post-treatment surveillance are needed.
CFD Modelling of Nano-Particle Precipitation in Confined Impinging Jet Reactors

Predictive design of nano-particle production via precipitation requires that the different steps through which particle formation occurs are deeply understood in order to control the final product properties and quality. In this work nano-particle precipitation in a confined impinging jet reactor (CIJR) is studied from the modelling point of view. The mathematical model, based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), includes a micro-mixing model, the interchange by exchange with the mean (IEM) model coupled with the direct quadrature method of moments (DQMOM) approach, and solves the population balance equation (PBE) with the quadrature method of moments (QMOM). Eventually CFD predictions are compared with experimental data and good agreement is found.
Global development governance in the ‘interregnum’

Abstract Global governance is widely perceived to be ‘gridlocked’, ‘unravelling’, and ‘unfit for purpose’. The legitimacy of old institutions is breaking down, yet new institutions struggle to establish themselves as viable alternatives. Though overlooked, global development governance is no exception. Heterogeneous development actors, approaches, and understandings increasingly characterize the field. However, attempts to create a common platform have foundered. This article contributes to a growing body of literature that depicts world order as a Gramscian ‘interregnum’ to account for the crisis facing global development. Its primary contribution lies in the examination of the Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation as a vantage point to explore the politics, dynamics and struggles over the means and ends of ‘development’ in the current conjuncture. Here, competing projects vie for influence, yet none command the support necessary to supplant the ‘old' order. Although this article finds that the condition of ‘interregnum’ will likely persist, it also explores what transformative elements of a possible future exist within present practices.
STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF ARRHENIUS MODEL AND ITS APPLICABILITY IN PREDICTION OF FOOD QUALITY LOSSES

To minimize quality losses occurring during processing and storage and to predict shelf-life, quantitative kinetic models, expressing the functional relationship between composition and environmental factors on food quality, are required. The applicability of these models is based on the accuracy of the model and its parameters. In this paper, the calculation of the Arrhenius parameters and the accuracy of the derived model were compared, using three statistical methods, namely: linear least squares, nonlinear least squares and weighted nonlinear least squares. Results indicated that the traditional two-step linear method, was the least accurate and the derived energy of activation and the pre-exponential factor had the largest confidence interval. The latter was shown to have a profound effect on the precision of the calculated rate constant and the predicted shelf life. Based on previous reports that indexes of deterioration
Das 10–20-Elektrodensystem – praktisch

Die Elektrodenplatzierung nach dem 10-20-System mit allen 21 Elektroden ist eine Mindestanforderung an eine qualifizierte EEG-Registrierung. Die Arbeit erklärt das 10–20-System und Schritt für Schritt die Durchführung einer EEG-Ableitung.
The Impact of Early Basal Leaf Removal at Different Sides of the Canopy on Aglianico Grape Quality

It is known that early removal of basal leaves improves the exposure of cluster to direct sunlight and UV radiation, which positively influence the phenolic compounds and anthocyanin concentration of berries. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of leaf removal applied before flowering to the basal zone of the canopy at different sides (fruit-zone north canopy side, south canopy side and north–south canopy side, respectively) of Aglianico vines trained to vertical shoot position system and row oriented to east–west (EW). The study was conducted in the controlled and guaranteed designation of origin (CGDO) Castel del Monte area (Apulia region, Italy). The treatment did not affect yield per vine, and nor sugar, pH, and total acidity of grapes. When it was applied to the basal south canopy side, the concentration of proanthocyanidins and total polyphenols of grapes increased, as well as antioxidant activity. In particular, anthocyanins content, determined by HPLC, increased by 20% with respect to control when treatment was applied to south and north–south canopy sides. Interaction between season period and treatment was found for all anthocyanins except for petunidin-3-coumaroyl-glucoside. Basal leaf removal applied to the north canopy side caused an increase in malvidin-3-O-glucoside content in grapes in 2016 and 2018, but not in 2017. Our results indicate that basal leaf removal (six basal leaves removed from the base of the shoots) before flowering (BBCH 57) can be used as an effective strategy to improve grape total polyphenols, anthocyanins concentration and antioxidant activity in vineyards cultivated under warm climate conditions. The treatment could represent a sustainable alternative to manual cluster thinning since it does not reduce yield per vine and can be performed mechanically.
PERAN KEPERCAYAAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP MOBILE SHOPPING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN NIAT PEMBELIAN ULANG

The world has now entered the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, where in this era the world was colored by artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence), genetic engineering, nanotechnology, innovation, and changes that occurred rapidly had an impact on the economy, industry, government, and politics. Industry 4.0 is more likely to lead to business activities using digital platforms such as mobile shopping, e-commerce, marketplaces, and so on. The characteristic of online shopping is that it must be simple and fun, and with a very varied platform can increase its own trust in consumers to shop online. This study aims to develop the concept of a business platform that can affect the perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment of the millennial generation in online shopping. This concept focuses on one's repurchase intention to do online shopping which is influenced by the existence of so many business platforms and provide different services. The population used is characteristic of the millennial generation in Central Java. This sampling technique using purposive sampling method. The samples used amounted to more than 100 millennials in Central Java, and who frequently use business platforms/applications in online shopping. Data analysis techniques using regression with SPSS
Signal-level Honeypot: A Covert Communication and Interference Collection System

Honeypot is originally a network trap that can attract hostile attackers and collect their attack behaviors to protect the real cyber systems and resources. Signal-level honeypot is a covert communication system with signal-level trap, which utilizes the basic idea of traditional honeypot and transform domain communication technology to attract and confront hostile interferences for reliable communication and interferences recording. In the transmitter, actual modulated signal is hidden underneath a well-camouflaged “target” signal. The actual modulated signal is designed to be noise-like, low power spectrum density, and orthogonal with the “target” signal to engage covert communication. In the receiver, a band-pass transform domain filter is used to separate signals to demodulate the actual modulated signal and collect the interferences. The proposed system can supply a high reliable communication approach with an “active” passive defense mode.
Design-based research as a model for systematic curriculum development: The example of a curriculum for introductory optics

[This paper is part of the Focused Collection on Curriculum Development: Theory into Design. ] Although curriculum design has a long tradition in physics education research (PER), it is often criticized for unclear or inconsistent methodologies. One reason is that the theory-into-practice aspect frequently remains blurred. Only a few curriculum projects have given insight into the rule-guided translation of learning theories into curricula and curriculum materials. This paper reports how design-based research (DBR) was used as a framework for systematic curriculum development during a six-year-long project on a middle school optics curriculum. One key feature of DBR is to deduce design principles from theoretical and empirical foundations, apply them in the creation of a curriculum, and refine them in response to data collected during successions of implementation. The design principles guide and structure the iterative cycles of design — intervention — redesign and make a systematic and nevertheless flexible design process transparent. We provide the level of detail needed to make clear how design principles were developed and applied in the creation of the optics curriculum. In addition, we use many examples to illustrate how and why the initial set of design principles was refined. We report the results of a large scale evaluation of the curriculum that shows its superiority to conventional instruction. Finally, we summarize the lessons learned during this project. This shall support other scholars in designing and implementing curricula.
Increased brain reactivity to gambling unavailability as a marker of problem gambling

The unprecedented development and ubiquity of sports betting constitute an emerging public health concern. It is crucial to provide markers that could help to better identify people experiencing sports betting‐related harms. The current study investigated whether problem gambling status, sports betting passion, and trait‐self‐control modulate brain reactivity to sports betting cues. Sixty‐five frequent sports bettors (35 “nonproblem bettors” and 30 “problem bettors”) were exposed to cues representing real upcoming sport events (with varying levels of winning confidence) that were made available or blocked for betting, during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) recording. Sports betting passion and trait‐self‐control were assessed using self‐report scales. Sport events nonavailable for betting elicited higher insular and striatal activation in problem bettors, as compared with nonproblem bettors. Within a large cluster encompassing the ventral striatum, hippocampus, and amygdala, lower trait‐self‐control was associated with increased brain reactivity to sport events with high levels of winning confidence that were nonavailable for betting. No significant effect of sports betting passion was observed. These findings suggest that sports bettors' brain reactivity to gambling unavailability might be a relevant marker of sports betting‐related harms, as well as of blunted trait‐self‐control.
Effects of chain stiffness on the dynamics of loop formation in polypeptides. Appendix: Testing a 1-dimensional diffusion model for peptide dynamics

Quenching of the triplet state of tryptophan by cysteine provides an important new tool for measuring the rate at which a specific intramolecular contact is formed in disordered polypeptides. By measuring the viscosity dependence of the quenching rate, both the reaction-limited and the diffusion-limited quenching rates can be determined. The diffusion-limited rate corresponds to the rate of forming a short-range contact. The reaction-limited rate, which depends solely on the equilibrium end-to-end distribution, becomes essentially length-independent for short chains, providing clear-cut evidence that the chain is stiff. The length dependence of the reaction-limited rate can be accurately calculated using the distance dependence of the quenching rate determined at room temperature in a rigid glass, together with the end-to-end distance distribution for a wormlike chain having a persistence length of 0.6−0.7 nm. In addition, the length dependence of the diffusion-limited rate can also be reproduced by treat.
Thermal Properties of Paraffin/Nano-AlN Phase Change Energy Storage Materials

The phase change energy storage materials based on paraffin/nano-aluminum nitride were prepared in this study. The thermal stability of the composite materials was determined by differential scanning calorimeter, simultaneous thermogravimetry analysis-differential thermal analysis, and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results of differential scanning calorimeter and X-ray diffraction showed that the thermal performance and structure of the composite materials are stable. The change of latent heat is accredited for thermal energy storage. The thermogravimetry analysis-differential thermal analysis revealed that 3 wt% nano-aluminum nitride added into paraffin increases the flash point by at least 10°C.
Chemical Oxygen Demand and Ammonia Nitrogen Mycoremediation from Domestic Wastewater Effluent using Ganoderma lucidum in a Batch System.

The fungi-based technology, wild-Serbian Ganoderma lucidum (WSGL) as myco-alternative to existing conventional microbial-based wastewater treatment is introduced in this study as a potential alternative treatment. The mycoremediation is highly persistent for its capability to oxidatively breakdown pollutant substrates and widely researched for its medicinal properties. Utilizing the non-hazardous properties and high degradation performance of WSGL, this research aims to find optimum conditions and model the mycoremediation treatment design for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Ammonia Nitrogen (AN) removal in domestic wastewater via response surface methodology (RSM). Combined process variables were temperature (⁰C) (Model 1) and the volume of mycelial pellets (%) (Model 2) against treatment time (hour). Response variables for these two sets of central composite design (CCD) were the removal efficiencies of COD (%) and AN (%). The regression line fitted well with the data with R2 values of 0.9840 (Model 1-COD), 0.9477 (Model 1-AN), 0.9988 (Model 2-COD) and 0.9990 (Model 2-AN). The lack of fit test gives the highest value of Sum of Squares equal to 9494.91 (Model 1- COD), 9701.68 (Model 1-AN), 23786.55 (Model 2-COD) and 13357.02 (Model 2-AN), with probability F values less than 0.05 showing significant models. The optimum conditions were established corresponding to the percentage of COD and AN removal obtained were 95.1% and 96.3%, accordingly at the optimum temperature 25°C at the treatment time of 24 h, meanwhile 0.25% of mycelial pellet with 76.0% and 78.4% COD and AN removal, respectively. The high performance achieved demonstrates that the mycoremediation of G. lucidum is highly potential as part of the wastewater treatment system in treating domestic wastewater of high organic loadings.
The Conformations of Cyclononane Dynamic Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Force-Field Calculations

Iterative force-field calculations for cyclononane are reported for four conformations and five transition states for conformational interconversions. The strain energies (in kcal/mol) relative to the [333] conformation are as follows: energy minima, [333], 0; [144], 1.2; [225], 1.7; [234], 3.2; conformational transition states, [1323], 4.4; [1224], 6.0; [1233], 7.0; [18], 8.3; [1134], 9.9. The 13C NMR spectrum of cyclononane shows two dynamic NMR effects at low temperatures and reveals the presence of three different conformations. At – 173. °C, the major conformation (≃ 95%) is [333] and the minor conformation (≃ 5%) is [225]. The third conformation, [144], is present in a very small amount (≃ 1% at – 95°C) and is only barely detectable by its broadening effect near – 95°C. The [225] has an entropy which is 3.5 eu greater than that of the [333], mainly because of the high symmetry of the latter conformation. As a result of the entropy difference, ΔG0 for the [333] to [225] equilibrium is quite temperature dependent and the equilibrium constant is very strongly temperature dependent. It is estimated that at room temperature there are roughly 40% of the [333], 50% of the [225], and 10% of the [144] in cyclononane.
O ecossistema do turismo cultural e criativo: Proposta de modelo

O ecossistema do turismo cultural integra uma forte dimensao criativa e agrega uma complexa interconectividade entre stakeholders, recursos, e organizacoes, que se estendem por diversas escalas espaciais e sectoriais. Este ensaio busca sintetizar o “estado da arte” do turismo cultural e criativo. Propondo um modelo teorico, os pesquisadores mostram um caminho para uma melhor compreensao do complexo sistema criativo sem se concentrar nos detalhes, mas sugerindo um ponto de vista global. Visa mostrar de um modo sistemico, os links entre as ideias, determinar a importância e a relevância dos argumentos. O trabalho e sustentado por uma analise documental e de literatura diversa, sugerindo um modelo de ‘Ecossistema de Turismo Criativo’ que encoraje a criacao de uma Oferta singular de experiencias turisticas (promovendo a cocriacao de valor), integrando abordagens responsaveis e colaborativas entre todos os stakeholders (estimulando o aumento de redes de coopeticao) e que se constitua como um catalisador sustentavel dos territorios de baixa densidade (fortalecendo e salvaguardando a paisagem cultural).