Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Dynamic Emotional Session Generation Model Based on Seq2Seq and a Dictionary-Based Attention Mechanism

With the development of deep learning, the method of large-scale dialogue generation based on deep learning has received extensive attention. The current research has aimed to solve the problem of the quality of generated dialogue content, but has failed to fully consider the emotional factors of generated dialogue content. In order to solve the problem of emotional response in the open domain dialogue system, we proposed a dynamic emotional session generation model (DESG). On the basis of the Seq2Seq (sequence-to-sequence) framework, the model abbreviation incorporates a dictionary-based attention mechanism that encourages the substitution of words in response with synonyms in emotion dictionaries. Meanwhile, in order to improve the model, internal emotion regulator and emotion classifier mechanisms are introduced in order to build a large-scale emotion-session generation model. Experimental results show that our DESG model can not only produce an appropriate output sequence in terms of content (related grammar) for a given post and emotion category, but can also express the expected emotional response explicitly or implicitly.
Solarization for Weed Control

Solarization is a method of heating moist soil by covering it with plastic sheets to trap solar radiation. In field experiments in Israel during the summer, maximum soil temperature under plastic cover at the 5-cm depth averaged 46 to 49C. No weeds emerged under the plastic cover during solarization and weed emergence was reduced after its removal. The heating effect from solarization decreased with soil depth. Concentration of O2 in soil under plastic was similar to that in uncovered controls, but the concentration of CO2 was markedly higher than in control soil, rising up to 2.4%. Higher temperatures and better residual weed control were produced by transparent than by black plastic, with best results from thin (0.03 mm), transparent polyethylene. Under Israeli summer conditions, 2 to 4 weeks of solarization produced effective control of annual weeds that was still appreciable after 1 yr. Narrow sheets of 20 to 50 cm produced effective weed control in bands. on soil irrigated once before placing the plastic sheets, there was no need to irrigate during solarization. The response of weed species to solarization differed. Many annual weeds, both summer species such as pigweed (Amaranthus spp.) and common purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and winter species as henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.) were well controlled by solarization. Broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forsk.) was controlled in one experiment. on the other hand, horseweed [Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. ] and bull mallow (Malva niceaensis All.) were relatively resistant, and established perennials escaped the treatment.
T Cell-Intrinsic Requirement for NF-κB Induction in Postdifferentiation IFN-γ Production and Clonal Expansion in a Th1 Response1

NF-κB/Rel transcription factors are linked to innate immune responses and APC activation. Whether and how the induction of NF-κB signaling in normal CD4+ T cells regulates effector function are not well-understood. The liberation of NF-κB dimers from inhibitors of κB (IκBs) constitutes a central checkpoint for physiologic regulation of most forms of NF-κB. To investigate the role of NF-κB induction in effector T cell responses, we targeted inhibition of the NF-κB/Rel pathway specifically to T cells. The Th1 response in vivo is dramatically weakened when T cells defective in their NF-κB induction (referred to as IκBα(ΔN) transgenic cells) are activated by a normal APC population. Analyses in vivo, and IL-12-supplemented T cell cultures in vitro, reveal that the mechanism underlying this T cell-intrinsic requirement for NF-κB involves activation of the IFN-γ gene in addition to clonal expansion efficiency. The role of NF-κB in IFN-γ gene expression includes a modest decrease in Stat4 activation, T box expressed in T cell levels, and differentiation efficiency along with a more prominent postdifferentiation step. Further, induced expression of Bcl-3, a trans-activating IκB-like protein, is decreased in T cells as a consequence of NF-κB inhibition. Together, these findings indicate that NF-κB induction in T cells regulates efficient clonal expansion, Th1 differentiation, and IFN-γ production by Th1 lymphocytes at a control point downstream from differentiation.
Density functional theory and machine learning guided search for RE
 2
 Si
 2
 O
 7
 with targeted coefficient of thermal expansion

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and machine learning (ML) methods are used to establish a relationship between the crystal structures of rare-earth (RE) disilicates (RE 2 Si 2 O 7 ) and their coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The DFT total energy data predicts the presence of several energetically competing crystal structures, which is rationalized as one of the reasons for observing polymorphism. An ensemble of support vector regression models is trained to rapidly predict the CTE as a function of RE 2 Si 2 O 7 crystal chemistry. Experiments subsequently validated the structure and CTE predictions for Sm 2 Si 2 O 7 .
Thermo-Mechanical analysis of fused filament fabrication process

Manufacturing industry has been revolutionized by 3D printing or Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes introduced in the late 1980s. Subsequent to intensive research, the technology is even accessed by hobbyists. A layer-by-layer deposition of a material produces a prototype in the commercialized 3-dimensional (3D) printing techniques. Among the 3D printing processes, Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) or Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) process is the commonly used process for prototyping, manufacturing functional parts, etc. The process involves the extrusion of a molten polymer filament sequentially through a heated nozzle in the required pattern on to a platform. The FDM process primarily depends on the thermal gradient as the deposited molten material cools, solidifies and bonds with the previous layer. This temperature gradient greatly affects the produced parts microstructure and in turn the macrostructure of the final part. Numerous attempts to experimentally characterize the thermal and mechanical properties of structures fabricated with FDM have been reported in the literature. However, few attempts have been made with 2D models to predict the thermal and mechanical behaviour of the FDM printed components. In this study, a 3D thermo-mechanical model has been developed using ANSYS® workbench using the element birth and death effect. The temperature evolution, maximum principal stress and the deformation due to the thermal gradient were calculated using the developed model. The developed Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model was tested with properties of Poly-Lactic Acid (PLA) material. Through the analysis, it was shown that the model can be used as a predictive tool to understand the thermo-mechanical behaviour of FDM printed parts and also the modelling method used has a great influence on the thermal gradient of the printed parts.
Mammographic Classification Based on XGBoost and DCNN With Multi Features

The classification of benign and malignant masses in mammograms by Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) is one of the most difficult and important tasks in the development of CAD systems. This classification has commonly been automated by extracting a set of handcrafted features from mammograms and relating the responses to breast cancer. Recently, the application of Deep Learning (DL) technology in medical imaging informatics has been attracting extensive research interest. However, limited medical image datasets and feature expression often reduce the performance of DL-based schemes. Therefore, this study aims to develop a new combined feature CAD method based on DL for classifying mammographic masses into three classes: normal, benign and cancer (malignant) masses. Three kinds of breast masses were scored by using Deep Convolution Neural Network (DCNN) as a feature extractor. Then the scoring features are combined with the image texture features as input to the classifier. This features including the scoring features, Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOT) were employed to extract the breast mass information in mammograms and the classifier of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) were trained for the classification task. Accuracy (ACC), Precision (Pre), Recall (Rec), F1-score (F1), and Overall Accuracy (Overall ACC) are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed system and the results show that the proposed multi-features combination model performs the best results. The performance of the XGBoost classifier has proved to be better in comparison to the SVM classification algorithms. As a result, when XGBoost was used as a classifier, the correct identification rate of the Overall ACC was 92.80% and that of malignant tumors was 84%, with reasonable and best results. These results indicate that the proposed method may help in more accurately diagnosing cases that are difficult to classify on images.
More than playfulness

Abstract This study aims to uncover the complexity of emoji usage on Chinese social media. We investigate emoji usage in comments on push notifications from the WeChat official account of Guokr, which was chosen as a representative for an open forum for public communication. The data includes 2552 comments from 90 articles pushed by the account. The analysis adopts a discourse-pragmatic perspective within the framework of intercultural pragmatics ( Kecskes 2014 ), taking into account both the local discourse environment and the cultural context. It is found that Chinese WeChat users show a preference for using emojis that are unique to the WeChat platform. Qualitative analyses were carried out on selected WeChat emojis used in comments fulfilling the speech acts of self-disclosure, self-praise, humor and complaining. Emojis are found to be used to perform and reinforce a sense of playfulness in social media, but underlying this playfulness there is a discursive conformity to social norms in real life. The use of emojis resolves the tension between the openness and freedom in social media and the conservative, constraint-bounded nature of established social norms.
Effect of Fusarium graminearum phytotoxins on germinating seeds and tissue of wheat in relation to Fusarium head blight resistance

Twenty six spring lines of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were studied from the view point of their tolerance to phytotoxins of Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe; the correlation between their tolerance to phytotoxic extract and field resistance were studied using semi-purified phytotoxins on growing coleoptiles segments. The results showed that although there was a great variability among different wheat lines regarding their tolerance to semi-purified phytotoxins, there were no correlations between tolerance of semi-purified phytotoxins and disease index (R=O.Oa" S), and between their tolerance and disease incidence (R = -0.08 ns ).
Fast Additive Partially Homomorphic Encryption From the Approximate Common Divisor Problem

This paper presents two efficient partially homomorphic encryption schemes built upon the approximate common divisor problem, believed to be resistant to quantum computer attacks. Both proposals, named FAHE1 and FAHE2, are additively homomorphic and have a symmetric nature, meaning that they are useful in scenarios where encryption and decryption are performed by the same entity. This is the case, for example, of encrypted databases stored in a public cloud. We also evaluate the performance of our proposals in comparison with two alternatives displaying additive homomorphism: the traditional Paillier asymmetric cryptosystem, which is not quantum-resistant; and the XPIR algorithm, which is both quantum-resistant and symmetric. Our experimental results show that both solutions provide considerable speed-ups when compared to Paillier. Namely, encryption and decryption with FAHE1 are, respectively, 120 and 25 times faster than Paillier’s, while for FAHE2 both operations run more than 1000 times faster. In addition, when compared with a highly optimized XPIR code, our reference implementation remains quite competitive while producing smaller ciphertexts.
CONTRASTING ARBOREAL AND TERRESTRIAL BRYOPHYTES COMMUNITIES OF THE MOUNT HALIMUN SALAK NATIONAL PARK, WEST JAVA

Bryophyte communities were compared between arboreal (trunk bases) and terrestrial habitats in primary forest Mount Halimun Salak National Park, West Java. The communities were analyzed based on species diversity, abundance, and biomass. A total of 150 bryophytes species were identified, including 67 species of mosses (Bryopsida) and 83 of liverworts (Hepaticopsida). Both bryophyte groups varied in diversity and abundance between arboreal and terrestrial communities as well as among different elevations. Species diversity of arboreal habitats (116 species)was higher than that of terrestrial habitats (64 species). Moss specieswere more abundant in terms of coverage in terrestrial habitats whereas liverworts species were more abundant in arboreal habitats. Species richness in both terrestrial and arboreal habitats decreased towards higher elevation, whereas the abundance increased.
Species Diversity and Optimum Sampling Size of Auchenorrhyncha (Homoptera) in a Homogeneous Habitat

Abstract. Local species diversity of Auchenorrhyncha in Uminonakamichi Seaside Park, Fukuoka was surveyed by a sweeping method. A total of 16 species were collected. To estimate an optimum sampling size, collector's curves of accumulated number of species were illustrated. The mean optimum size was 724.7 times of sweeping. This size was significantly correlated with the number of rare species. The Lloyd's index of each species collected was usually more than 1 and their spatial distributions were concentrated. The Iwao's overlapping index between collected species was distinctly less than 1 in any combination of paired species and their spatial distributions did not overlap. To survey effectively, one should move another better site just after collecting a few species.
Binding of Aedes aegypti trypsin modulating oostatic factor [Aea-TMOF] to its receptor stimulates phosphorylation and protease processing of gut-membrane proteins

The binding of TMOF to its gut receptor was followed by incubating guts removed from male and female Aedes aegypti. TMOF at physiological concentrations, in the presence of [γ32P]ATP, causes phosphorylation and release of gut-membrane protein (45 kDa) that is further processed by proteolysis. In the presence of protease inhibitors only the 45 kDa protein was released. The phosphorylation and processing of the 45 kDa protein does not happen in the absence of TMOF. Both larvae and adult guts release the protein in the presence of TMOF. Male Ae. aegypti do not synthesize trypsin in their gut and do not release the 45 kDa protein in the presence of TMOF because a TMOF receptor is probably absent. Homogenized guts do not release the 45 kDa protein, indicating that the protease processing or the ecto-protein kinase activity is probably reduced after breaking the tissue. The 45 kDa phosphorylated protein can be dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase and protein phosphatase, indicating that the phosphate group is covalently linked to either a serine or a tyrosine moiety. This is the first report that shows that in insects, binding of a peptide hormone activates its receptor
Protein Association with Membrane Rafts

Membrane rafts are very small and highly dynamic assemblies in cellular membranes enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids. Some proteins can functionally associate with rafts: peripheral membrane proteins are incorporated into rafts depending on cues such as the presence of a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor or S-acylation (palmitoylation); transmembrane proteins can partition into raft domains depending on specific features within their transmembrane domain. Raft association of membrane proteins was originally defined by their resistance to cold Triton X-100 extraction, which is however insufficient as the sole criterion – more sophisticated methodology such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) has to be employed to determine whether and how a given protein interacts with raft structures. Key Concepts: Membrane rafts are small, dynamic clusters within biological membranes enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids. Rafts can be coalesced and stabilised to fulfil a biological function, for example, signal transduction or virus budding. Some proteins are capable of partitioning into raft domains. Raft-targeting features in proteins are glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors, S-acylation (palmitoylation) and structural motifs in the transmembrane domain. Assessment of detergent-resistant membranes (DRM), the original biochemical method to analyse raft association of a protein, is artefact-prone and therefore not suitable to prove raft involvement in a biological process. More sophisticated methodology such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is needed to decipher raft association of a protein. Keywords: membrane raft; cholesterol; sphingolipid; glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor; S-acylation/palmitoylation; detergent-resistant membranes (DRM); fluorescence microscopy; fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET); nanoscopy; model membranes
Experimental transmission of phytoplasmas from diseased magnolias to Catharanthus roseus test plants by grafting

Phytoplasmas classified as aster yellows and apple proliferation phytoplasmas were transmitted from naturally infected magnolias with stunting disease symptoms to periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) by grafting. The identity of the graft-transmitted phytoplasmas was confirmed by RFLP analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified 16S rDNA fragments.
Susceptibility of certain apricot and plumcot cultivars to plum pox virus infection.

The purpose of this research was to investigate new genetic resources for resistance to Sharka disease, which is caused by plum pox potyvirus (PPV). Sharka disease is threatening the apricot and plum industries of most European and Mediterranean countries. In apricot, PPV resistance to date has only been identified in a small number of cultivars of American origin, which have been used in Greece as parents in crosses with local cultivars. New genetic material created at the USDA/Agricultural Research Service in Fresno, California was examined for reaction to PPV after artificial inoculations by grafting and in conditions of natural virus transmission by the aphid vectors present in the field. Four trees from each of seven apricot cultivars, seven plumcots, one Pluot and one Aprium were planted at the NAGREF-Pomology Institute experimental orchard, where Sharka disease is endemic, in February 1994. All plumcot cultivars were found heavily PPV infected by the third year after planting, with very severe disease symptoms. The Aprium and Pluot also demonstrated a severe susceptibility to the disease. Among the apricots examined, only K106-2 (Robada) and 'Havecot' have escaped disease in the field.
Inheritance of fasciation in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek).

The inheritanee of fasciation was studied in the parents, F1, F2 and F3. generations of mungbean. The fascination or branches is under the control of a single recessive gene with pleiotropic effect leading to the increase in the number or floral organs. The gene gene symbols fs1 is proposed for fasciation.
Cell Biology of Salmonella Pathogenesis

Salmonella species are masters at subverting various host processes for their own use. The interactions that occur between Salmonella species and host cells are complex. They have been studied more extensively with nonphagocytic cells such as epithelial cells than with macrophages, although some of the processes are common between these two cell types. For the review in this chapter, the author has concentrated on the events that occur in the host cell rather than to focus on the bacterial genes that mediate these events. Study of the cell biology of these interactions has revealed several interesting processes and provided new tools for the study of eukaryotic cell function. It has recently been shown that Salmonella species trigger extensive membrane ruffling and macropinocytosis in macrophages and enter into a spacious phagosome. Bacterial invasins appear to significantly enhance uptake into phagocytic cells such as macrophages, since noninvasive Salmonella typhimurium mutants have decreased levels of invasion into cultured macrophages. One recurring theme about all of these exploitations of host cell function is that the bacteria achieve the desired effect by "nonconventional" mechanisms, as viewed by cell biologists. The advancement of this field is heavily dependent on other fields, especially cell biology. In addition, further characterization of the bacterial products that are involved in the various stages of infection will enhance the cell biology studies.
The Influence of Micro-Structured Anode Current Collectors in Combination with Highly Concentrated Electrolyte on the Coulombic Efficiency of In-Situ Deposited Li-Metal Electrodes with Different Counter Electrodes

This paper compares and combines two common methods to improve the cycle performance of lithium metal (Li) electrodes. One technique is to establish a micro-structured current collector by chemical separation of a copper/zinc alloy. Furthermore, the use of a highly concentrated ether-based electrolyte is applied as a second approach for improving the cycling behavior. The influence of the two measures compared with a planar current collector and a 1 M concentrated carbonate-based electrolyte, as well as the combination of the methods, are investigated in test cells both with Li and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM) as counter electrodes. In all cases Li is in-situ plated onto the micro-structured current collectors respectively a planar copper foil without presence of any excess Li before first deposition. In experiments with Li counter electrodes, the effect of a structured current collector is not visible whereas the influence of the electrolyte can be observed. With NCM counter electrodes and carbonate-based electrolyte structured current collectors can improve Coulombic efficiency. The confirmation of this outcome in experiments with highly concentrated ether-based electrolyte is challenging due to high deviations. However, these results indicate, that improvements in Coulombic efficiency achieved by structuring the current collector’s surface and using ether-based electrolyte do not necessarily add up, if both methods are combined in one cell.