Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GENETIC ANALYSES OF NONINVASIVELY COLLECTED FEATHERS CAN PROVIDE NEW INSIGHTS

The use of noninvasively collected samples for genetic analyses has dramatically impacted studies of species that are threatened, endangered, or sensitive to disturbance. Although the pioneering work employing noninvasively collected samples for genetic analyses used hair or feces to study mammals, naturally shed feathers are increasingly used to study avian demography and behavior. Studies on larger birds such as eagles, vulture, or herons can particularly benefit from the incorporation of research that uses noninvasively collected samples, as these species are often challenging to study by traditional means because they are difficult to capture and mark. Wing-tagging and telemetry studies generally collect information on only a limited number of individuals due to logistical and financial constraints, which means that data on demography and dispersal are usually sparse for these species. A strength of using single, shed feathers for genetic analyses is that DNA markers can provide permanent genetic “tags” for identification; in general, if two feathers are genetically identical they originated from the same individual. Because tens, hundreds, or even thousands of feathers can be collected from nesting and communal roosting or foraging sites, genetic tags can be generated on a much larger number of individuals than has been historically possible. In this chapter we discuss how genetic data generated from feathers can address avian demography (population size, vital rates, and movement) and behavior (habitat use and mating systems), as well as provide guidance on issues that should be considered when incorporating noninvasively collected genetic data into avian research. No part of this digital document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means. The publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this digital document, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained herein. This digital document is sold with the clear understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, medical or any other professional services. Jamie A. Rudnick, Todd E. Katzner and J. Andrew DeWoody 182
Quinolonas en Pediatría

Las quinolonas constituyen una familia de antibioticos bactericidas contra microorganismos grampositivos y gramnegativos, de amplio espectro. Sus caracteristicas farmacodinamicas y farmacocineticas han permitido tratar por via oral infecciones que hasta la fecha solo se podian tratar con antibioticos parenterales. Son los antimicrombianos mas ampliamente prescritos en la comunidad y este uso excesivo ha provocado un incremento de las resistencias bacterianas. En ninos, el uso de las quinolonas esta mucho mas restringido debido a la asociacion con la artropatia vista en animales jovenes. Este documento pretende ofrecer una vision general de las quinolonas, dar a conocer sus propiedades farmacodinamicas y farmacocineticas, el espectro bacteriano que presentan, los posibles usos en Pediatria, tanto aquellos autorizados y recogidos en la ficha tecnica como los posibles usos off-label recomendados en guias clinicas y consensos, asi como los posibles efectos adversos en los ninos. Ademas, pretende alertar sobre el abuso de estos antibioticos y recomendar un uso racional de los mismos, tanto en poblacion adulta como infantil, reservandolos para pacientes con patologia moderada-grave, en los que no existe otra alternativa valida.
Kalman Filter for Fractional Order Singular Systems

In this paper, a Kalman filter for fractional order singular systems has been proposed. To design the Kalman filter, the fractional order singular system is decomposed into two sub-systems by using several transformations. The first sub-system is a dynamic system with fractional order non-singular state equations and the second sub-system is a static system in which the output is a combination of fractional derivatives of its input. Then, the Kalman filter has been elaborated for the system with an index 1 and 2. In the case of index 2, the identification method should be used due to the existence of color noise. At the end, two examples are used to demonstrate efficiency of the proposed method. [Leila Ashayeri, Masoud Shafiee, Mohammad Bagher Menhaj. Kalman Filter for Fractional Order Singular Systems. J Am Sci 2013;9(1):209-216]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 33
Sectoral dynamics of the gender pay gap : an interdisciplinary approach

Studies have examined the effect of one or more dimensions of work organization on the gender pay gap(GPG), often for a given occupation or sector of activity. However, research has rarely addressed the institutional and organizational determinants of the GPG with a focus on their embeddedness acrossdifferent contexts. This paper adopts an interdisciplinary approach to analyse how the regulation of work organization in collective bargainingis translated into practices shaping the GPG indifferent sectors in Spain. By comparing the chemical industry, financial servicesindustryand elderly care, this paper reveals how different constellations of intertwining inequalities take shape at the sectoral level. The findings suggest that collective bargaining strategies to close the GPG should tackle context-specific problematics but wouldalsobenefit from a reform of key cross-cutting issues in statutory regulation.
Avaliação sorológica comparativa entre dois esquemas de vacinação contra D.I.B (Doença Infecciosa da Bursa)

The B.I. D. (Bursa infected diseases) is the viral etiology infecting chickens range 3-6 weeks of age. The Fabricius bursa is the target organ of this virus. The passive immunity is transmitted by the female to the offspring protecting from early infections. Trough sorologic analysis of different schemes of vaccination and necessity of vaccination against B.I. D. on the first day of age, 20 batches of chicks, with 20 chicks in each, were evaluated. In the incubatory 10 batches were vaccinated and 10 others were not. On the first day of age we evaluated the mother antibody titles and on the tenth day we evaluated anti-body titles. The analysis were done through ELISA. Considering the similar ages of the parental, we observed similar parameters of titles of anti-body in both batches, on the first day of age. On the tenth day of age the titles of anti-body were seduced by the same amount, no significative changes were observed between them. Therefore we concluded that high titles of passive immunity make it unnecessary vaccination of chicks on the first day of age.
Gender Disparity in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ( Rural ) with respect to educa � on 2016

2 bargaining power within marriage tend to be larger in countries with low GDP per capita. In spite of several steps taken to solve the problem, it is s ll prevalent in every aspect of life in both developing and developed countries. Pakistan is one the many countries that have made several interna onal commitments to work on reducing gender gaps on all fronts but unfortunately is unable to achieve the promises. According to the World Economic Forum's (WEF) Global Gender Gap Report 2016, Pakistan ranks 143 out of 144 countries in the gender inequality index. In the Pakistani society, women's autonomy is severely limited in the tradi onal set-up because of cultural taboos and the role as a house keeper that society prescribes for women resul ng in very li le access to economic opportuni es compared to
Hope and Advanced Breast Cancer: Engaging with the Parish Nursing Community to Explore Hope in Women with Advanced Breast Cancer in Nigeria

Women with advanced breast cancer living in Nigeria face many obstacles and are very reliant on the support of faith communities, including parish nurses, who have a strong presence in Nigeria. Research with people with advanced cancer has shown the importance of hope as a source of strength and an important spiritual concept in their lives. Parish nursing focuses on the promotion of health within the context of the values, beliefs, and practices of the faith community. What distinguishes parish nursing care is the intentional integration of the body, mind, and spirit to create wholeness, health, and a sense of well-being even when the patient’s illness is not curable. This specialty nursing practice holds that all persons are sacred and must be treated with respect and dignity. In line with these beliefs, the parish nurse serves her community with compassion, mercy, presence, and justice. Community-based research is needed to explore what hope means for women in Nigeria with advanced breast cancer, in order to build essential and innovative nursing knowledge and provide opportunities to identify meaningful interventions and ways the faith community can support these women, their families, and their communities.
Comparative evaluation of 2% chlorhexidine gel and triple antibiotic paste with calcium hydroxide paste on incidence of interappointment flare-up in diabetic patients: A randomized double-blinded clinical study

Aim: Clinical evaluation and comparison of the effect of 2% chlorhexidine gel and triple antibiotic paste with calcium hydroxide on incidence of interappointment flare-up in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six diabetes mellitus patients seeking endodontic treatment were assigned to three groups: Group I - calcium hydroxide paste, Group II - triple antibiotic paste, and Group III - 2% chlorhexidine gel. Access opening and chemomechanical preparation was done followed by the placement of intracanal medicaments. Samples were then assessed for the incidence of intra-appointment flare-up at 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 days using verbal rating scale. Obtained scores were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA test and Tukey's post hoc test. Results: Total incidence of interappointment flare-up was found to be 13%. For all the groups, statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was seen at days 1, 2, 3, and 7, with insignificant difference at day 14. Intragroup comparison showed statistically significant difference present between Group I and II and Group I and III with (P < 0.05) at days 1, 2, 3, and 7. No statistically significant difference was seen between Group II and III in all 14 days. Conclusion: Both triple antibiotic paste and 2% chlorhexidine gel were significantly effective for minimizing the interappointment flare-up and postoperative symptoms in diabetic patients. 2% chlorhexidine gel found to be more effective clinically, as compared to other experimental groups.
Designing A Training Programme For School Health Nurses On Guiding Adolescents In Their Decision-Making About Reproductive Health In Ijebu Ode Local Government Area Of Nigeria (2)

This is the continuation of the first part of the article. This second part focused on specifying procedural elements of the intervention programme which constitutes the second operation of the design phase. Programme elements are the constituents of an interven tion programme. The elements for this intervention programme were derived from the findings from the situation analysis phase of the Intervention Design and Development model of Rothmans and Thomas, and information derived from the integrative review con ducted for this purpose. The use of information, skills and training for their acquisition, environmental change strategies, policy change or enforcement strategies, or reinforcement or punishment procedures constituted an integral component of procedural elements. In effect, specifying programme elements required the creation of programme content, facilitation, training methods, and delivery formats.
Efficient oblivious database joins

A major algorithmic challenge in designing applications intended for secure remote execution is ensuring that they are oblivious to their inputs, in the sense that their memory access patterns do not leak sensitive information to the server. This problem is particularly relevant to cloud databases that wish to allow queries over the client's encrypted data. One of the major obstacles to such a goal is the join operator, which is non-trivial to implement obliviously without resorting to generic but inefficient solutions like Oblivious RAM (ORAM). We present an oblivious algorithm for equi-joins which (up to a logarithmic factor) matches the optimal O(nlogn) complexity of the standard non-secure sort-merge join (on inputs producing O(n) outputs). We do not use use expensive primitives like ORAM or rely on unrealistic hardware or security assumptions. Our approach, which is based on sorting networks and novel provably-oblivious constructions, is conceptually simple, easily verifiable, and very efficient in practice. Its data-independent algorithmic structure makes it secure in various different settings for remote computation, even in those that are known to be vulnerable to certain side-channel attacks (such as Intel SGX) or with strict requirements for low circuit complexity (like secure multiparty computation). We confirm that our approach is easily realizable by means of a compact implementation which matches our expectations for performance and is shown, both formally and empirically, to possess the desired security characteristics.
The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array project: second data release

Abstract We describe 14 yr of public data from the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA), an ongoing project that is producing precise measurements of pulse times of arrival from 26 millisecond pulsars using the 64-m Parkes radio telescope with a cadence of approximately 3 weeks in three observing bands. A comprehensive description of the pulsar observing systems employed at the telescope since 2004 is provided, including the calibration methodology and an analysis of the stability of system components. We attempt to provide full accounting of the reduction from the raw measured Stokes parameters to pulse times of arrival to aid third parties in reproducing our results. This conversion is encapsulated in a processing pipeline designed to track provenance. Our data products include pulse times of arrival for each of the pulsars along with an initial set of pulsar parameters and noise models. The calibrated pulse profiles and timing template profiles are also available. These data represent almost 21 000 h of recorded data spanning over 14 yr. After accounting for processes that induce time-correlated noise, 22 of the pulsars have weighted root-mean-square timing residuals of $<\! \! 1\,\mu\text{s}$ in at least one radio band. The data should allow end users to quickly undertake their own gravitational wave analyses, for example, without having to understand the intricacies of pulsar polarisation calibration or attain a mastery of radio frequency interference mitigation as is required when analysing raw data files.
Time Variability of Nonthermal X-Ray Stripes in Tycho’s Supernova Remnant with Chandra

Analyzing Chandra data of Tycho's supernova remnant (SNR) taken in 2000, 2003, 2007, 2009, and 2015, we search for time-variable features of synchrotron X-rays in the southwestern part of the SNR, where stripe structures of hard X-ray emission were previously found. By comparing X-ray images obtained at each epoch, we discover a knot-like structure in the northernmost part of the stripe region became brighter particularly in 2015. We also find a bright filamentary structure gradually became fainter and narrower as it moves outward. Our spectral analysis reveals that not only the nonthermal X-ray flux but also the photon indices of the knot-like structure change from year to year. During the period from 2000 to 2015, the small knot shows a brightening of ∼70% and hardening of ΔΓ ∼ 0.45. The time variability can be explained if the magnetic field is amplified to and/or if magnetic turbulence significantly changes with time.
Lower Bounds on the Running Time of Two-Way Quantum Finite Automata and Sublogarithmic-Space Quantum Turing Machines

The two-way finite automaton with quantum and classical states (2QCFA), defined by Ambainis and Watrous, is a model of quantum computation whose quantum part is extremely limited; however, as they showed, 2QCFA are surprisingly powerful: a 2QCFA with only a single-qubit can recognize the language $L_{pal}=\{w \in \{a,b\}^*:w \text{ is a palindrome}\}$ with bounded error in expected time $2^{O(n)}$, on inputs of length $n$. We prove that their result essentially cannot be improved upon: a 2QCFA (of any size) cannot recognize $L_{pal}$ with bounded error in expected time $2^{o(n)}$. To our knowledge, this is the first example of a language that can be recognized with bounded error by a 2QCFA in exponential time but not in subexponential time. Moreover, we prove that a quantum Turing machine (QTM) running in space $o(\log n)$ and expected time $2^{n^{1-\Omega(1)}}$ cannot recognize $L_{pal}$ with bounded error; again, this is the first lower bound of its kind. Far more generally, we establish a lower bound on the running time of any 2QCFA or $o(\log n)$-space QTM that recognizes any language $L$ in terms of a natural ``hardness measure" of $L$. This allows us to exhibit a large family of languages for which we have asymptotically matching lower and upper bounds on the running time of any such 2QCFA or QTM recognizer.
Connectivity Maintenance: Global and Optimized approach through Control Barrier Functions

Connectivity maintenance is an essential aspect to consider while controlling a multi-robot system. In general, a multi-robot system should be connected to obtain a certain common objective. Connectivity must be kept regardless of the control strategy or the objective of the multi-robot system. Two main methods exist for connectivity maintenance: keep the initial connections (local connectivity) or allow modifications to the initial connections, but always keeping the overall system connected (global connectivity). In this paper we present a method that allows, at the same time, to maintain global connectivity and to implement the desired control strategy (e.g., consensus, formation control, coverage), all in an optimized fashion. For this purpose, we defined and implemented a Control Barrier Function that can incorporate constraints and objectives. We provide a mathematical proof of the method, and we demonstrate its versatility with simulations of different applications.
Deep Soft Procrustes for Markerless Volumetric Sensor Alignment

With the advent of consumer grade depth sensors, low-cost volumetric capture systems are easier to deploy. Their wider adoption though depends on their usability and by extension on the practicality of spatially aligning multiple sensors. Most existing alignment approaches employ visual patterns, e.g. checkerboards, or markers and require high user involvement and technical knowledge. More user-friendly and easier-to-use approaches rely on markerless methods that exploit geometric patterns of a physical structure. However, current SoA approaches are bounded by restrictions in the placement and the number of sensors. In this work, we improve markerless data-driven correspondence estimation to achieve more robust and flexible multi-sensor spatial alignment. In particular, we incorporate geometric constraints in an end-to-end manner into a typical segmentation based model and bridge the intermediate dense classification task with the targeted pose estimation one. This is accomplished by a soft, differentiable procrustes analysis that regularizes the segmentation and achieves higher extrinsic calibration performance in expanded sensor placement configurations, while being unrestricted by the number of sensors of the volumetric capture system. Our model is experimentally shown to achieve similar results with marker-based methods and outperform the mark-erless ones, while also being robust to the pose variations of the calibration structure. Code and pretrained models are available at https://vcl3d.github. io/StructureNet/.
Algorithms for Non-Stationary Generalized Linear Bandits

The statistical framework of Generalized Linear Models (GLM) can be applied to sequential problems involving categorical or ordinal rewards associated, for instance, with clicks, likes or ratings. In the example of binary rewards, logistic regression is well-known to be preferable to the use of standard linear modeling. Previous works have shown how to deal with GLMs in contextual online learning with bandit feedback when the environment is assumed to be stationary. In this paper, we relax this latter assumption and propose two upper confidence bound based algorithms that make use of either a sliding window or a discounted maximum-likelihood estimator. We provide theoretical guarantees on the behavior of these algorithms for general context sequences and in the presence of abrupt changes. These results take the form of high probability upper bounds for the dynamic regret that are of order d^2/3 G^1/3 T^2/3 , where d, T and G are respectively the dimension of the unknown parameter, the number of rounds and the number of breakpoints up to time T. The empirical performance of the algorithms is illustrated in simulated environments.
Microlensing of radially pulsating stars

Here, we study the microlensing of radially pulsating stars. Discerning and characterizing the properties of distant, faint pulsating stars is achievable through high-cadence microlensing observations. Combining stellar variability period with microlensing gives the source distance, type, and radius and helps better determine the lens parameters. Considering periodically variations in their radius and surface temperature, their microlensing light curves are resulted from multiplication of the magnification factor with variable finite size effect by the intrinsic brightness curves of pulsing source. The variable finite source size due to pulsation can be significant for transit and single microlensing and while caustic-crossing features. This kind of deviation in the magnification factor is considerable when the ratio of the source radius to the projected lens-source distance is in the range of $\rho_{\star}/u \in[0.4,10]$ and its duration is short and in the same order of the time of crossing the source radius. Other deviations due to variable source intensity and its area make colored and periodic deviations which are asymmetric with respect to the signs of pulsation phase. The positive phases makes deviations with larger amplitude that negative phase. These deviations dominate in filters with short wave lengths (e.g., $B-$band). The position of magnification peaks in microlensing of variable stars varies and this displacement differs in different filters.
Deep Learning Training in Facebook Data Centers: Design of Scale-up and Scale-out Systems

Large-scale training is important to ensure high performance and accuracy of machine-learning models. At Facebook we use many different models, including computer vision, video and language models. However, in this paper we focus on the deep learning recommendation models (DLRMs), which are responsible for more than 50% of the training demand in our data centers. Recommendation models present unique challenges in training because they exercise not only compute but also memory capacity as well as memory and network bandwidth. As model size and complexity increase, efficiently scaling training becomes a challenge. To address it we design Zion - Facebook's next-generation large-memory training platform that consists of both CPUs and accelerators. Also, we discuss the design requirements of future scale-out training systems.