Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-cutting Mortality Following Experimental Silvicultural Treatments in Unmanaged Boreal Forest Stands

Partial cutting has been recommended as an alternative harvesting method to ensure the sustainable management of boreal forests. The success of this approach is closely linked to the survival of residual trees as additional losses through mortality could affect post-cutting timber production at harvest. To better quantify post-cutting mortality in previously unmanaged boreal forests, we addressed two main questions: (1) what is the level of mortality ten years after cutting? and (2) what ecological factors are involved in this phenomenon? Even-aged black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.] stands in the Canadian boreal forest were subjected to three experimental shelterwood treatments, a seed-tree treatment and an untreated control. Tree status (live/dead) was recorded prior to cutting and ten years after cutting. Dead trees were classified as standing dead, overturned or broken. Ten years after experimental seed-tree treatment, 60% of residual trees were dead, compared to 30% for the shelterwood cuttings. Windthrow (overturned and broken trees) represented 80% of residual tree mortality; only the amount of overturning was influenced by treatment. Broken trees were associated with small-diameter trunks, stands having high growth prior to cutting, younger stands or forest plots located near to adjacent cuts (<200 m). Overturning was associated with a high harvesting intensity and large-diameter trees. Standing dead mortality was the most difficult to explain: it was related to untreated plots having suppressed and small-diameter trees. Based on these results, applying intermediate levels of harvest intensity could reduce post-cutting damage. Understanding tree mortality after cutting is essential to reduce economic losses, improve silvicultural planning and stand selection and ensure ultimately the sustainable harvest of North American boreal forests.
Two Broad Host Range Rhizobial Strains Isolated From Relict Legumes Have Various Complementary Effects on Symbiotic Parameters of Co-inoculated Plants

Two bacterial strains Ach-343 and Opo-235 were isolated, respectively from nodules of Miocene-Pliocene relict legumes Astragalus chorinensis Bunge and Oxytropis popoviana Peschkova originated from Buryatia (Baikal Lake region, Russia). For identification of these strains the sequencing of 16S rRNA (rrs) gene was used. Strain Opo-235 belonged to the species Mesorhizobium japonicum, while the strain Ach-343 was identified as M. kowhaii (100 and 99.9% rrs similarity with the type strains MAFF 303099T and ICMP 19512T, respectively). Symbiotic genes of these strains as well as some genes that promote plant growth (acdS, gibberellin- and auxin-synthesis related genes) were searched throughout the whole genome sequences. The sets of plant growth-promoting genes found were almost identical in both strains, whereas the sets of symbiotic genes were different and complemented each other with several nod, nif, and fix genes. Effects of mono- and co-inoculation of Astragalus sericeocanus, Oxytropis caespitosa, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Medicago sativa, and Trifolium pratense plants with the strains M. kowhaii Ach-343 and M. japonicum Opo-235 expressing fluorescent proteins mCherry (red) and EGFP (green) were studied in the gnotobiotic plant nodulation assay. It was shown that both strains had a wide range of host specificity, including species of different legume genera from two tribes (Galegeae and Trifolieae). The effects of co-microsymbionts on plants depended on the plant species and varied from decrease, no effect, to increase in the number of nodules, nitrogen-fixing activity and plant biomass. One of the reasons for this phenomenon may be the discovered complementarity in co-microsymbionts of symbiotic genes responsible for the specific modification of Nod-factors and nitrogenase activity. Localization and co-localization of the strains in nodules was confirmed by the confocal microscopy. Analysis of histological and ultrastructural organization of A. chorinensis and O. popoviana root nodules was performed. It can be concluded that the strains M. kowhaii Ach-343 and M. japonicum Opo-235 demonstrate lack of high symbiotic specificity that is characteristic for primitive legume-rhizobia systems. Further study of the root nodule bacteria having complementary sets of symbiotic genes will contribute to clarify the evolutionary paths of legume-rhizobia relationships and the mechanisms of effective integration between partners.
Symposium on Surface Replacement Arthroplasty of the Hip. Biomechanics: mutifactorial design choices--an essential compromise?

: The main flaws to be overcome in realizing the potential success of the double-cup arthroplasty procedure are failures due to femoral cup loosening, acetabular cup loosening, and femoral-neck fractures. The clinical uncertainties include the selection of a suitable patient with adequate bone stock and the technical difficulties associated with (I) reaming the acetabulum adequately, (2) reaming down onto the neck without violating it, and (3) anchoring the components securely by interdigitation of acrylic cement. The higher frictional torques of the double-cup arthroplasty designs are not a clinical loosening issue--the resulting acetabular cement-bone shear stresses are very low. Computer models of both the femoral and acetabular components predict significant stress shielding of the cancellous bone under metal femoral shells. At the rim of the femoral cup, the stresses are increased by a factor of 3 owing to the stress concentration effect and can rise to a factor of 10 if cystic or osteoporotic changes are present. This finding if confirmed in the three-dimensional models may explain some of the femoral neck fractures. The thin polyethylene acetabular cups may also cause a stress concentration effect on the underlying cement and bone. This may explain the higher incidence of radiographic loosening around the acetabulum in double-cup arthroplasty designs compared with total hip replacements. Metal-backed sockets may reduce cancellous bone stresses and appear advantageous. There is no clinical evidence of unusual wear or wear-related problems. However, new material formulations are now either in use or being planned for the double-cup arthroplasty designs. As yet, there have been no published data on hip simulator wear for the efficacy of any of the current or proposed changes. Biologic fixation appears to be the theme for the 1980s. However, the combination of technology, design instrumentation, and patient selection will be critical in achieving success with this technically difficult procedure.
Cost: benefit of prevention in practice.

: An enquiry among 50 successful, general dental practitioners working under a capitation payment system for the treatment of children, showed that they all thought that prevention on selected patients was of value to their practice. They said that prevention enhances the reputation of the practice, adds to the job satisfaction of the dentist and is part of modern dental philosophy. However, only when practised selectively would it be cost: beneficial. The most popular preventive treatments were fissure sealants, particularly when used on selected patients, oral hygiene demonstrations and, among a group of enthusiastic dentists, dietary counselling. Dentists who employed hygienists had a significantly higher 'mean preventive awareness score' than those who did not.
I&R-systeem rund: een analyse ten behoeve van het gebruik tijdens een mond- en klauwzeer-uitbraak in Nederland.

The performance of the Dutch cattle I&R system was analysed, with emphasis on the potential use of the system for the control of an outbreak of foot and mouth disease (FMD). The analysis showed that not all mutations were centrally registered within the three working days that are allowed to pass between the actual change and the obligatory report. In particular, young calves and cattle heading for slaughter were reported too late. During an outbreak of FMD, the best strategy to trace animals off a farm seems to be first to identify all animals on the farm, using a preprocessed list of the animals that should be present on the farm according to the I&R system. Then all the animals that have left the farm during the last month can be traced in the central I&R computer or by asking the person to whom the farmer sold the cattle (the next owner). In the present study, 54% of the animals were localized within one day, and 94% within one week. Finally, some suggestions for improvement for the system are given.
M-Complex: The Electrocardiographic Sign of Impending Cardiac Rupture following Myocardial Infarction

Out of 284 patients admitted to the Coronary-Care Unit, 60 patients showed an acute monophasic injury pattern (M-Complex) on their initial electrocardiogram (ECG). There were 13 fatalities on the first day of myocardial infarction; 6 from the M-complex group. Three of these 6 patients died with cardiac rupture. The ECG features of these 3 patients were compared with the 3 non-rupture patients. A progressive increase in the elevated R-ST segment of the M-complex with an upward ‘pull’ of the R-ST junction, proved to be an ominous ECG sign of impending cardiac rupture in patients with protracted chest pain and persistent hypertenison. The 3 non-rupture patients remained in a hypotensive state from admission to the time of death. Atrioventricular block and A-V junctional tachycardia were the commonest rhythm disturbances in patients dying with cardiac rupture.
LG-13SECOND-LINE TREATMENT FOR PEDIATRIC LOW GRADE GLIOMA (LGG) - EXPERIENCES FROM THE GERMAN AND SWISS SIOP-LGG-2004 COHORT

LG-13. SECOND-LINE TREATMENT FOR PEDIATRIC LOW GRADE GLIOMA (LGG) EXPERIENCES FROM THE GERMAN AND SWISS SIOP-LGG-2004 COHORT Daniela Kandels1, Rene Schmidt2, Sabine Breitmoser-Greiner1, and Astrid K. Gnekow1; Children’s Hospital, Klinikum Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany OBJECTIVE: Though chemo(CT) and radiotherapy (RT) are effective for non-resectable pediatric LGG, progression following first non-surgical treatment is frequent. Wereport results for salvage-therapy of events after first nonsurgical treatment.METHODSAND RESULTS: 180 events followed primary treatment in the SIOP-LGG-2004-trial (30/169 RT [2/10 NF1]; 150/321 CT [37/124 NF1]), median follow-up (FU) since start of first therapy: 6.9 years. 54/150 events occurred during chemotherapy (early, 18/54 died), 96/150 after termination (median time to progression: 3.0 years, 5/96 died). Second-line-radiotherapy: 3/30 RT-, 43/150 CT-patients. Second-line-chemotherapy: 14/30 RT-, 70/150 CT-patients. Followingmultiple progressions 3 or more lines of rescue-therapy were applied in 7/30 RT-, 46/150 CT-patients. Vincristin/cisplatin/cyclophosphamide (VCR/Cis/Cyc, n 1⁄4 25), vincristin/carboplatin (VCR/Carb, n 1⁄4 25), vinblastine (VBL, n 1⁄4 19) and temozolomide (TMZ, n 1⁄4 8) were used most commonly as second-line chemotherapy. Median time to next progression varied between drugs: VCR/Carb 2.4 years (median FU 3.5 years), VCR/Cis/Cyc 1.9 years (median FU 6.6 years), VBL 1.1 years (median FU 1.5 years), TMZ 0.9 years (median FU 4.4 years). 30/180 patients died. Three-years-overall-survival since first event after start of first therapy differed for patients with vs. without dissemination (75.0% vs. 88.2%, p 1⁄4 0.043), diffuse glioma WHO-grade II vs. other histologies (61.5% vs. 86.6%, p 1⁄4 0.018), with a trend for caudal-brainstem-site vs. other localization (73.8% vs. 86.8%, p 1⁄4 0.105). CONCLUSION: Although progression of non-resectable LGG is frequent following first-line therapy, patients can be salvaged by subsequent treatment(s). Second progression-free survival is longer following platinumbased chemotherapy. Impaired survival after first treatment-failure seems to be associated with dissemination, diffuse histology, caudal-brainstem-site and early events. Standardized second-line treatment-protocols are required. Neuro-Oncology 18:iii78–iii96, 2016. doi:10.1093/neuonc/now075.13 #The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Efeitos do Metilfenidato no Desempenho Motor de Crianças com TDAH

The influence of methylphenidate on the motor performance of children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder is analyzed. Twenty-one children, aged 7 – 10 years, males and females, from three municipal schools in Maringa PR Brazil, clinically diagnosed with ADHD, were selected. They underwent two evaluations of motor development by the Movement Assessment Battery for Children at two different instances, with and without methylphenidate. Motor tests were undertaken in school and results were highly different. Scores in manual dexterity were not different with or without drugs; throwing and receiving ability showed a lowering in test when the drug was applied, with the inverse occurring in the case of equilibrium. Since the sample was small, more research is required to explore the dose-effects of the drug during different physical activities.
Multi-Stage DNN Model Compression for IoT-enabled Edge Devices

With the advances in edge computing for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications, increasing researchers have tried to reduce the parameters and size of a deep neural network (DNN) model through mostly single-stage model compression. This enables a resource-constrained edge device to accommodate a compressed DNN model and to mitigate the computing burden of its back-end servers. However, existing researches often faced the problem of poorer accuracy due to model compression. To address the issue, our study proposed multi-stage model compression, which compresses a DNN meanwhile maintaining as much accuracy. The experiment results have shown that the accuracy of the resultant compressed model through the multi-stage model compression is better than those only used the one-stage compression, given the same model size.
MOUNTAIN COMMUNITIES’ HOUSEHOLDS DEPENDENCY ON PROVISIONING FOREST ECOSYSTEM SERVICES: THE CASE OF UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS

The concept of ecosystems services used as a model for linking the functioning of forest ecosystems and producing of services to of rural communities well-being in mountain areas. Understanding this link is considered as a critical component for a decision-making in forest management and planning rural territories development. The forests of Ukraine provide important provisioning ecosystem services in terms of wood and non-wood forest products. The collection of non-timber forest products traditionally provides income for rural communities and recreational activities for urban population. In the article attention is given to current status of rural communities’ dependence on provisioning forest ecosystem services, which are represented by collecting multiple timber and non-timber forest products. The study field data are collected through quantitative survey of households’ representatives which was based on the calculation of their total budget and the share of family income from the forest. Through focus groups survey the information was collected about provisioning services which are most important for local communities (timber products, food products, other forage from the forest, etc.). In terms of non-wood forest products the most prominent are wild berries, mushrooms and birch sap. The challenges which mountain communities are facing because of their dependence on provisioning forest services are also discussed.
A Birnbaum-Saunders Model for Joint Survival and Longitudinal Analysis of Congestive Heart Failure Data

Consideramos una modelacion conjunta parametrica de mediciones longitudinales y tiempos de supervivencia, motivados por un estudio realizado en el Instituto do Coracao (Incor), Sao Paulo, Brasil, con el objetivo de evaluar el impacto del Peptido Natriuretico tipo B (BNP) recolectado en diferentes instantes, sobre la supervivencia de pacientes con Insuficiencia Cardiaca Congestiva (ICC). Empleamos un modelo lineal de efectos mixtos para la respuesta longitudinal y un modelo Birnbaum-Saunders para los tiempos de supervivencia, permitiendo la inclusion de sujetos sin observaciones longitudinales. Obtenemos los estimadores de maxima verosimilitud de los parametros del modelo conjunto y realizamos un estudio de simulacion para comparar las probabilidades de supervivencia verdaderas con las predicciones dinamicas obtenidas al ajustar el modelo conjunto propuesto y para evaluar el desempeno del metodo para estimar los parametros del modelo. El modelo conjunto propuesto se aplica a la cohorte de 1609 pacientes con ICC, de los cuales 1080 no tienen mediciones de BNP. Las estimaciones de los parametros y sus errores estandar obtenidos por medio de: i) el enfoque tradicional, donde unicamente se incluyen individuos con al menos una medicion de la respuesta longitudinal y ii) el enfoque propuesto, que incluye la informacion de supervivencia de todos los individuos; se comparan con los obtenidos por medio de los modelos marginales (longitudinal y de supervivencia).
Enhancement of Total Flavonoid and Phenolic Contents in Plantago major L. with Plant Growth Promoting Cyanobacteria

The flavonoid and phenolic compounds are among the main pharmaceutical components of medicinal plants. These compounds are considered as effective anti-oxidant sources. Five cyanobacterial extracts were used to stimulate the plant growth and increase production of specific secondary metabolites in Plantago major as a medicinal plant. These cyanobacteria were isolated from the growth bed of the plant in its natural habitats. Nitrate-free BG11 medium was used for preparing axenic monoalgal cultures. Pot experiments were performed by spraying cyanobacterial extracts on the soil of treated plants every 20 days from the time of planting. Growth of plants was evaluated by measuring growth parameters such as plant height, root length, dry and fresh weight of plant, leaf number, leaf area, as well as inflorescence characteristics 60 days after planting. In addition to growth factors, the total amount of phenol and flavonoid of plants was also assessed. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the vegetative and reproductive characteristics compared to the control plants. Also, the methanolic extraction of treated and control plants displayed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content 77.23±3.21 μg of GA mg and 389.67±34.43 μg of RU mg in plants treated with Cylindrospermum michailovskoence. Based on the obtained results, cyanobacterial fertilizers are suggested as the biological elicitors to improve the quantity and quality of medicinal plants products. As a result of this study, chemical content of cyanobacterial extracts and the production of plant growth stimulating substances such as phytohormones can be proposed as factors affecting plant growth parameters and metabolites production.
Emoperitoneo dopo drop-out dalla dialisi peritoneale : una complicanza temibile

Donna di 55 anni affetta da insufficienza renale cronica terminale in trattamento emodialitico che presenta emoperitoneo dopo aver sospeso la dialisi peritoneale. Tale trattamento si è protratto per circa 8 anni durante i quali si sono verificati 2 episodi d’infezione dell’ exit-site ed una peritonite a coltura negativa. La dialisi peritoneale viene infine interrotta per progressivo deficit dell’ultrafiltrazione associato a caratteristiche di trasporto della membrana peritoneale di tipo “alto”. I segni clinici e radiologici erano suggestivi per peritonite sclerosante incapsulante, diagnosi confermata dalla biopsia del peritoneo. La paziente è stata trattata con successo mediante terapia immunosoppressiva. Il nostro caso è rilevante sia perché molte caratteristiche cliniche descritte devono richiamare l'attenzione sulla peritonite sclerosante incapsulante, rara ma potenzialmente letale complicanza della dialisi peritoneale, sia per il suo esito favorevole, purtroppo infrequente Parole chiave: ascite, dialisi peritoneale, emoperitoneo, peritonite sclerosante incapsulante
Love of Novelty, Innovation Di¤usion, and Growth in the Presence of Worker Heterogeneity

By considering heterogenous workerslove of novelty and their role in endogenous innovation di¤usion within a standard innovation-based growth model, we nd that a stronger love of novelty and/or a larger population of ordinary workers (who are also called majority workers) leads to a higher rate of innovation di¤usion. The higher di¤usion rate then leads to a higher long-run rate of economic growth, provided that new technologies, which have not been di¤used, i.e., are still unavailable to majority workers, generate a moderate amount of knowledge spillovers for innovators. In a case where the spillovers are very e¢ cient, the growth e¤ect is reversed, and becomes negative. We extend our consideration to a two-country version of the model, we also nd that the domestic majority workerspopulation and their love of novelty are conducive to domestic innovation di¤usion and world economic growth, but the e¤ects on international specialization and international innovation di¤usion are nontrivial. In particular, the e¤ect on international innovation di¤usion can be seen to form the shape of an inverted U.
Cybernetics and the Russian Intellectual Tradition

Understanding the differences between scientific approaches to cybernetics is difficult because of the very different histories and intellectual traditions in Russia and the West, i.e. the U.S. and Europe. This paper, firstly, describes the peculiarities of the Russian style of scientific thinking, considering as an example Alexander Bogdanov’s theory (tectology) in context of the Russian intellectual tradition. Secondly, the paper compares Vladimir E. Lepskiy’s and Stuart A. Umpleby’s theories of cybernetics looking at them through the prism of Russian and American intellectual traditions. Western cybernetics of the second order includes biological and social versions. It arose from “experimental epistemology. ” The goal was to understand the processes of cognition on the basis of neurophysiological experiments, as a result of which cyberneticians came to the conclusion that the observer cannot be excluded from science. Biological cybernetics is concerned with how the brain creates descriptions of the world. Little attention is paid to the world since it already is included in the perceptions of the observer. Social cybernetics is concerned with how people act in the world. Theories or descriptions are thought to be less important than appropriate actions. The Russian interpretation of second-order cybernetics develops its social version. The paper concludes that the differences described demonstrate the great potential for ideas from Russian and Western scientists to enrich further development of cybernetics and science in East and West.
The Exposure and Risk Assessment Results Do Not Support Lowering the Ozone NAAQS

Thank you for the opportunity to speak today. In the Proposed Rule (PR), the US EPA Administrator concludes that new evidence indicates that the ozone NAAQS should be lowered to a level between 0.065 and 0.070 ppm (US EPA, 2014a). The Administrator is relying, in part, on the results from the Health Risk and Exposure Assessment (HREA, US EPA, 2014b). Specifically, in the PR, the Administrator concludes that the exposure and risk estimates indicate that lowering the ozone NAAQS would reduce exposures and prevent lung function decrements. As I will discuss today, US EPA did not specify the conservative nature of these assessments or quantify the model uncertainty, which makes the exposure and risk estimates appear higher and more certain than they actually are. When accounting for these factors, there appear to be marginal, if any, benefits from a lower ozone standard.