Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serotonin transporter occupancy of five selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors at different doses: an [11C]DASB positron emission tomography study.

OBJECTIVE Minimum therapeutic doses of paroxetine and citalopram produce 80% occupancy for the serotonin (5-HT) transporter (5-HTT). The authors used [(11)C]DASB positron emission tomography to measure occupancies of three other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) at minimum therapeutic doses. The relationship between dose and occupancy was also investigated. METHOD Striatal 5-HTT binding potential was measured in 77 subjects before and after 4 weeks of medication administration. Binding potential is proportional to the density of receptors not blocked by medication. Subjects received citalopram, fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, or extended-release venlafaxine. Healthy subjects received subtherapeutic doses; subjects with mood and anxiety disorders received therapeutic doses. Percent reduction in 5-HTT binding potential for each medication and dose was calculated. To obtain test-retest data, binding potential was measured before and after 4 weeks in six additional healthy subjects. RESULTS Substantial occupancy occurred at subtherapeutic doses for all SSRIs. Compared to test-retest data, each drug at the minimum therapeutic dose had a significant effect on striatal 5-HTT binding potential. Mean occupancy at this dose was 76%-85%. At higher plasma SSRI concentrations, 5-HTT occupancy tended to increase above 80%. For each drug, as the dose (or plasma level) increased, occupancy increased nonlinearly, with a plateau for higher doses. CONCLUSIONS At tolerable doses, SSRIs have increasing occupancy with increasing plasma concentration or dose. Occupancy of 80% across five SSRIs occurs at minimum therapeutic doses. This suggests that 80% 5-HTT blockade is important for therapeutic effect. Occupancy should be measured during development of antidepressant compounds targeting the 5-HTT.
Supermetallic conductivity in bromine-intercalated graphite

Exposure of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite to bromine vapor gives rise to in-plane charge conductivities which increase monotonically with intercalation time toward values (for $\ensuremath{\sim}6\text{ }\text{at}\text{ }\mathrm{%}$ Br) that are significantly higher than Cu at temperatures down to 5 K. Magnetotransport, optical reflectivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements confirm that the Br dopes the graphene sheets with holes while simultaneously increasing the interplanar separation. The high-room-temperature mobility $(\ensuremath{\sim}5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{4}\text{ }{\text{cm}}^{2}/\text{V}\ensuremath{\cdot}\text{s})$ and resistance anisotropy together with the reduced diamagnetic susceptibility of the intercalated samples suggests that the observed supermetallic conductivity derives from a parallel combination of weakly coupled hole-doped graphene sheets.
PRESSURIZED LIQUID EXTRACTION APPLIED ON VEGETABLES BY-PRODUCTS – A PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS INTERACTIONS STUDY

Agro-industrial by-products were considered good sources of phenolic compounds. Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) is a “green” technology, currently applied as accelerated solvent extraction technique for a wide variety of bioactive compounds from food by-products. Fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) was generated from the production of an isotonic beverage presenting 80% insoluble dietary fibers from total fibers (48.4%), 26% available carbohydrates, 9.5% proteins and 5% lipids. This study aimed to characterize phenolic compounds in FVR flour by UPLC Q-TOF-MS after PLE (9 conditions), and purposes a discussion about phenolics and macronutrient interactions. Extraction techniques applied propitiate breaking matrix-analyte interactions extracting large number of compounds. Hence, 90 compounds were tentatively identified: phenolic acids (28), flavonoids (32) and other polyphenols (28). Establish the phenolics profile in food by-products such as FVR, can drive a better application as nutraceutical or food or pharmaceutical ingredients.
Problems and Discussion of Aesthetic Education in Colleges and Universities

Aesthetic education is a major part of higher education, and is one of the important means for colleges and universities to cultivate students. One of the main problems faced by colleges and universities in the 21st century is how to build an art education system represented by humanities and arts in colleges and universities to make regular higher education become a true “beauty” education, and is also an important aspect of measuring the overall strength of a university. Art education in colleges and universities is a major part of aesthetic education in colleges and universities, and the quality of art education directly affects the development of quality education in universities. This paper starts with the origin of aesthetic theory, analyzes the problems existing in the current art education in colleges and universities, and proposes some corresponding countermeasures by reflecting on the problems of
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Evernia prunastri and Ramalina farinacea from Algeria

Tel. : (213) 658101010 The chemical composition of essential oil, isolated from Evernia prunastri and Ramalina farinacea by hydrodistillation, was analysed by GC and GC/MS. A total 32 compounds representing 93.64% of the oil were identified in E. prunastri. This oil is characterised by an n-octadecanol (54.06%), ntetradecanol (8.27%), Heptadecane (4.70%), Eicosene-1 (3.82%), nhexadecanol (2.32%), Tridecenol acetate (2.05%). Ramalina farinacea with 34 compounds, representing 76.04% of the total oil, is characterised by the Manool (14.21%), n-octadecanol (10.24%), Eicosene-1 (8.26%), ntetradecanol (7.68%), Manool oxide-13-epi (5.40%), α-pinene (4.04%), Abietal (3.75%). To test the antibacterial activity of essential oil of these species, four bacteria are used in this study. The oils have shown little effect against gram-negative bacteria, and modest antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

SUMMARY The etiology of afterload elevation in congestive cardiac failure is unclear, but experimental evidence suggests a role for the renin-angiotensin system in maintaining elevated peripheral vascular resistance. The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor SQ20,881 was administered to eight patients with congestive cardiac failure (four hypertensives, four normotensives) during or one day after diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Various hemodynamic measurements performed before and during blockade indicate that this agent caused improvement in cardiac function in all patients by decreasing afterload. This improvement correlated with the decrease in total vascular resistance but was independent of the baseline blood pressure and plasma renin activity. These results suggest that inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme is a worthwhile approach to the treatment of congestive heart failure, although its exact mechanism of action remains unclear.
A Novel Framework for Short Tandem Repeats ( STRs ) Using Parallel String Matching

Short tandem repeats (STRs) have become important molecular markers for a broad range of applications, such as genome mapping and characterization, phenotype mapping, marker assisted selection of crop plants and a range of molecular ecology and diversity studies. These repeated DNA sequences are found in both Plants and bacteria. Most of the computer programs that find STRs failed to report its number of occurrences of the repeated pattern, exact position and it is difficult task to obtain accurate results from the larger datasets. So we need high performance computing models to extract certain repeats. One of the solution is STRs using parallel string matching, it gives number of occurrences with corresponding line number and exact location or position of each STR in the genome of any length. In this, we implemented parallel string matching using JAVA Multithreading with multi core processing, for this we implemented a basic algorithm and made a comparison with previous algorithms like Knuth Morris Pratt, Boyer Moore and Brute force string matching algorithms and from the results our new basic algorithm gives better results than the previous algorithms. We apply this algorithm in parallel string matching using multi-threading concept to reduce the time by running on multicore processors. From the test results it is shown that the multicore processing is a remarkably efficient and powerful compared to lower versions and finally this proposed STR using parallel string matching algorithm is better than the sequential approaches.
Orphanhood and vulnerability: a conduit to poor child health outcomes in Rwanda

Abstract The HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa has caused many children to become orphaned and vulnerable. Recent studies show that orphaned and vulnerable children (OVC) lack the basic necessities for survival and development. These children are particularly at high risk of poor health and poverty. Although the poor health outcomes of these children are well documented, the complexities of the factors that mediate their health outcomes have not been systematically studied. The aim of this paper is to examine how the complex relationships between and within the proximate and socio-economic determinants mediate the poor health outcomes of children through their OVC status. The analyses considered graphical chain modelling of morbidity data from a sample of 3745 children aged below five years from the 2005 Rwandan Demographic and Health Survey. The results show that OVC status influences the risk of childhood morbidity both directly and indirectly and also as a conduit through which other significant proximate factors and socio-economic factors operate.
Instability in Exchange Rates of the World Leading Currencies: Implications of a Spatial Competition Model among Central Banks (Currencies, Competition, and Clans)

We use a spatial competition based model in a two-stage game setup to assess whether equilibrium in exchange rates among the leading currencies is attainable. We show that a stable equilibrium can be reached in the case of two leading currencies, but not in the case of three. In our model, central banks of leading currencies attract, through the workings of their objective and policy, small currencies that tie with leading currencies via exchange rate regimes. This can be thought of as a competition to link smaller currencies to a leading currency that is motivated by the fact that such a tie greatly reduces volatility within such an informal â€œcurrency areaâ€ . Our theoretical findings are supported by empirical evidence. Since firms, traders, and countries currently recognize three leading currencies and their economic behavior reflects this, we may expect disagreement on overvaluation or undervaluation of certain currencies to continue.
The spindle checkpoint and chromosome segregation in meiosis

The spindle checkpoint is a key regulator of chromosome segregation in mitosis and meiosis. Its function is to prevent precocious anaphase onset before chromosomes have achieved bipolar attachment to the spindle. The spindle checkpoint comprises a complex set of signaling pathways that integrate microtubule dynamics, biomechanical forces at the kinetochores, and intricate regulation of protein interactions and post‐translational modifications. Historically, many key observations that gave rise to the initial concepts of the spindle checkpoint were made in meiotic systems. In contrast with mitosis, the two distinct chromosome segregation events of meiosis present a special challenge for the regulation of checkpoint signaling. Preservation of fidelity in chromosome segregation in meiosis, controlled by the spindle checkpoint, also has a significant impact in human health. This review highlights the contributions from meiotic systems in understanding the spindle checkpoint as well as the role of checkpoint signaling in controlling the complex divisions of meiosis.
CONSERVATION STATUS ASSESSMENT OF MECONOPSIS ACULEATA ROYLE ; A THREATENED ENDEMIC OF PAKISTAN AND KASHMIR

Aim of the present study was to determine the conservation status of Meconopsis aculeata Royle (Papaveraceae), a threatened endemic, confined to the Himalayan ranges of Pakistan and Kashmir. Detailed studies were conducted following IUCN Categories and Criteria covering an area of 92,000Km. Census were performed by counting potentially reproductive individuals. A single sub populations could be found with an average of 39 mature individuals per year, while no individual could be recorded from the other previously reported locality. Estimated Extent of Occurrence was calculated to be less than 100km (23Km) and Area of Occupancy as 20km only. Collection for medicinal purposes, overgrazing and snow avalanches were among the more severe threats. Based on limited population size, small geographic range, habitat quality and anthropogenic activities, species is assigned Critically Endangered (CR) category at regional level. Establishment of reserves in the core habitat of species along with ex-situ conservation is recommended for conservation.
ADHD and parental psychological distress: role of demographics, child behavioral characteristics, and parental cognitions.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the relative roles of demographic, child behavioral, and parental characteristics in understanding the psychological distress suffered by parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It was hypothesized that a combination of child and parent demographics, severity of child behavioral disturbance, low knowledge of ADHD, causal and controllability attributions internal to the child, along with lower perceived parental control, would be associated with more severe psychological distress, as measured by parenting stress and depression. METHOD One hundred mothers were interviewed and provided ratings of behavioral disturbance, severity of ADHD, knowledge of ADHD, attributions of cause and controllability of ADHD-related behaviors, parenting stress and depression. RESULTS Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the combination of these variables was significantly associated with parental psychological distress, accounting for 24% and 21% of the variance in parenting stress and depression, respectively. Unique contributions were evident for severity of behavioral disturbance and perceived parental control over child behaviors. Child's age, gender, medication status, and maternal education were controlled in the analyses. CONCLUSION Results support the view that interventions for ADHD aimed only at child behavior are unlikely to alter long-term outcome.
Formulation and Evaluation of a Nanoparticulate System for the Treatment of Lung Cancer

Purpose: Over the past decade, there has been an increasing interest in using nanotechnology for lung cancer therapy.Recently, Chitosan based nanoparticles have received much attention by the researchers owing to its biodegradability, biocompability and the ability to deliver a wide range of drugs. Method: The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate chitosan nanoparticles containing Doxorubicin HCl. The chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by w/o emulsion method. Result: The drug loading capacity of the nanoparticles varied from 49.78 to 53.31 which depend on the concentration of drug in each formulation. The mean particle size of the selected batch was 129.9 nm with a polydipersity index 0.230 and zeta potential was found to be 43.9 mV. The study on in vitro release of all drug loaded batches in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer exerted a bi-phasic release pattern with and initial burst effect followed by a sustained release. The release kinetics studies showed that the release was Zero order diffusion controlled.Conclusion: Based on the observations, it can be concluded that the formulated nanopartilculate delivery system of Doxorubicin HCl exhibiting sustained release properties for a period of 24 hour, this may reduce concentration of drug to be administered along with frequency of dosing, thereby minimizing the occurrence of side effects, improve bioavailability, and increase the effectiveness of the drug.
Stringently purified human hematopoietic progenitors/stem cells: Analysis of cellular/molecular mechanisms underlying early hematopoiesis

Analysis of the cellular/molecular basis of the early steps of hematopoietic proliferation and differentiation is hindered by the rarity of hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells (HP/HSC). The intensive efforts devoted to the development of purification methods for early HP and HSC, although initially largely unsuccessful, have recently provided a high level of HP/HSC yield and/or recovery.
Traditional Citation Indexes and Alternative Metrics of Readership

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between traditional citation indexes representing hot papers in the field of “Clinical Medicine” and their bookmarking and readership in “Mendeley software”. The citation counts of hot papers were extracted from Essential Science Indicators (ESI) and Web of Science (WoS). As an applied research adopting a descriptive-exploratory method, the present study used the Essential Science Indicators to retrieve hot articles published between 2014 and 2016, indexed in the category “Medical Sciences”. Each record was then searched in Mendeley to obtain the number of readership of the paper and the academic status of the users. The results showed a significant positive correlation between Mendeley readership and citation indexes in both ESI and WoS. Moreover, the most frequently-cited articles in both databases attracted more readers in Mendeley than lowly-cited publications and both hypotheses were confirmed. Moreover, the findings revealed that Mendeley users had assigned a total number of 3847 tags to the hot papers, with the tags ranging in frequency from zero to 38 for individual articles. Compared with author keywords and Plus, about 10 percent of users’ tags were either meaningless or repetitive. The value of present study shows that “Mendeley Sofware” with the possibility of tagging articles, can be used to create a searchable folksonomy of information and as a source of data in information retrieval studies, help professionals to manage their literatures and make their research life easier.
Project Number: 42-PRC-3054 ANALYSIS OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS RELATED TO FOOD: A STUDY OF TWO CAFETERIAS IN THE DANISH MUNICIPALITY OF LYNGBY-TAARBÆK

An important step in confronting climate change is assessing greenhouse gas emissions from everyday objects. Collaborating with the Science Shop, our team analyzed emissions associated with foods at the City Hall and Annex cafeterias in the Danish municipality of Lyngby-Taarbæk. Using life cycle assessment, we estimated emissions at 7.29 and 5.67 kgCO2-eq/kg from the City Hall and Annex cafeterias, respectively. Analyzing ten recipes, we found an average 35.7% fewer emissions per unit mass from ‘heart healthy’ over traditional Danish recipes.
A continuous record of fi re covering the last 10 , 500 calendar years from southern Sweden — The role of climate and human activities ☆

a School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden b Institut de Recherche sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), CNRS UMR 5060, Université de Rennes 1, “Géosciences-Rennes”, Campus de Beaulieu, CS 74205, 35042 RENNES Cedex, France c Laboratoire Archéosciences, CNRS UMR 6566 CReAAH, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex, France d Malmö Heritage, Box 406, 20124 Malmö, Sweden e County Administrative Board of Kronoberg, Kungsgatan 8, 351 86 Växjö, Sweden
A Comparison of the English and Korean Double Object

This paper examines the so-called Double Object (DO) constructions in English and Korean. Two kinds of DO constructions are under investigation: goal and benefactive DOs. Following the usual convention, a DO whose prepositional dative (henceforth PP) counterpart is headed by to is termed a goal DO and a DO whose PP counterpart is headed by for is termed benefactive DO. The two types of DOs are exemplified below.
EFFECT OF PITTING CORROSION ON FATIGUE AND CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOR OF BOTH ALUMINUM ALLOY 2024-T 62 AND ITS PANEL

As part of study on remaining life and residual strength of corroded aluminum alloy structures, in this paper effects of pitting corrosion on fatigue, large and small crack behavior of aluminum alloy 2024-T62 and on fatigue of the material panel with multiple holes were studied experimentally. Fatigue lives of the corroded material and panel were predicted and compared with experimental results.
Changing social relationships

As a retired United States Air Force pilot-physician, I commend Singh et al for their excellent use of situational awareness as an analysis tool in aviation.1 I wish only to add a subtle dimension to their illustration of situational awareness: LSA (loss of situational awareness) began as a universally recognised acronym of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. But one cannot lose what one never had. Situational awareness in military and air carrier aviation universally begins at a maximum, and may deteriorate backwards from level 3 of Endsley’s model. Maximal situational awareness at …
NEW SMARANDACHE SEQUENCES : THE FAMILY OF METALLIC MEANS

The family of Metallic Means comprises every quadratic irrational number that is the positive solution of algebraic equations of the types r--nx-l =0 and r--x-n =0 , where n is a natural number. The most prominent member of this family is the Golden Mean, then it comes the Silver Mean, the Bronze Mean, the NIckel Mean, the Copper Mean, etc. All of them are closely related to quasi-periodic dynamics, being therefore important clues in the study of the onset to chaos. However, they also constitute the basis of musical and architectural proportions. Through the analysis of their common mathematical properties, it becomes evident that they interconnect different human fiels of knowledge, in the sense defined by Florentin Smarandache ("Paradoxist Mathematics''). , Kevwords: continued fractions, quadratic irrationals, Fibonacci sequences, Smarandache sequences, hyperbolic map.
Plasma Leptin and Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y and Galanin Levels in Long-Evans Rats with Marked Dietary Preferences

Neuropeptides present in the hypothalamus and new messengers in the periphery such as leptin modulate food intake in mammals. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and galanin in microdissected brain areas and plasma leptin levels were measured by specific radioimmunoassays during the resting period in rats selected for their strong preference either for carbohydrate or fat, but with identical energy intake. NPY concentrations were 23% lower (p <.02) in carbohydrate-preferring (CP) than in fat-preferring (FP) rats in the parvocellular part of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which is one of the main areas involved in the regulation of feeding behavior. On the other hand, galanin was significantly (+25%, p =.03) higher in CP rats than in FP rats in the magnocellular part of the PVN. Plasma leptin was more than 50% higher in FP rats than in CP rats (p <.01) and highly correlated with the fat preference (r=0.57; p =.003) and body weight gain. We conclude that the rats with a spontaneous and marked dietary preference have a characteristic peptidergic profile. Due to their anatomical relationships, neuropeptide Y could act in conjunction with galanin in a peptidergic balance located in the paraventricular nucleus. This model integrates information provided by the energy stores and translated by peripheral messengers such as leptin which could act in a counterregulatory manner in order to limit the overweight induced by the ingestion of unbalanced diets.