Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Categorizing verb-internal modifiers

In this chapter, I propose a novel theory to explain the syntactic and semantic characteristics of a class of previously lesser studied verb modifiers, namely the non-heads of compound verbs like double-check and hand-wash. Such verb-internal modifiers are more widely used in English contrary to common impression, and they are also a very productive compounding strategy in East Asian languages like Chinese and Japanese. However, in the familiar European languages they are either systematically missing (e.g. in Romance languages) or subject to odd movement constraints (e.g. in German), even when these languages do not equally lack compound nouns. The theory I propose makes use of a defective categorizer that bears a lexically unvalued categorial feature. It agrees with the categorial feature on the base verb and results in a word-internal adjunction structure. The model is solely based on Simplest Merge without resorting to Pair Merge or Root incorporation, can be readily extended to the nominal domain, and nicely relates the typology of verb-internal modifiers to the parametrization of verb movement.
Hadoop Mapreduce Based Distributed Phylogenetic Analysis

Phylogenetic analysis is most important in scientific research of evolution of life, it is a measure of footprints between organisms and analysis requires multiple sequence alignment as input. Even though algorithms such as Needle -Wunsch Algorithm (NWA) and Smith-Waterman Algorithm (SWA) produce accurate alignments but they are not applicable to larger length genome sequence that increases computational complexity. The proposed approach uses complete composition vector (CCV) to represent each sequence as vector derived from K-mere by passing for multiple sequence alignment and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) which produces tree. The aim is to improve and optimize the performance of phylogenetic analysis for large sequence data by map reduce programming model.
Interactive User Group Analysis Technical Report

User data is becoming increasingly available in multiple domains ranging from phone usage traces to data on the social Web. The analysis of user data is appealing to scientists who work on population studies, recommendations, and large-scale data analytics. We argue for the need for an interactive analysis to understand the multiple facets of user data and address different analytics scenarios. Since user data is often sparse and noisy, we propose to produce labeled groups that describe users with common properties and develop IUGA, an interactive framework based on group discovery primitives to explore the user space. At each step of IUGA, an analyst visualizes group members and may take an action on the group (add/remove members) and choose an operation (exploit/explore) to discover more groups and hence more users. Each discovery operation results in k most relevant and diverse groups. We formulate group exploitation and exploration as optimization problems and devise greedy algorithms to enable efficient group discovery. Finally, we design a principled validation methodology and run extensive experiments that validate the effectiveness of IUGA on large datasets for different user space analysis scenarios.
Time regularity of Lévy-type evolution in Hilbert spaces and of some α-stable processes.

In this paper we consider the existence of weakly càdlàg versions of a solution to a linear equation in a Hilbert spaceH , driven by a Levy process taking values in a Hilbert space U . In particular we are interested in diagonal type processes, where process on coordinates are functionals of independent α stable symmetric process. We give the if and only if characterization in this case. We apply the same techniques to obtain a sufficient condition for existence of a càdlàg versions of stable processes described as integrals of deterministic functions with respect to symmetric α-stable random measures with α ∈ [1, 2).
C O ] 1 6 A ug 2 02 0 QUASI-RANDOM WORDS AND LIMITS OF WORD SEQUENCES HIÊ

Words are sequences of letters over a finite alphabet. We study two intimately related topics for this object: quasi-randomness and limit theory. With respect to the first topic we investigate the notion of uniform distribution of letters over intervals, and in the spirit of the famous Chung–Graham–Wilson theorem for graphs we provide a list of word properties which are equivalent to uniformity. In particular, we show that uniformity is equivalent to counting 3-letter subsequences. Inspired by graph limit theory we then investigate limits of convergent word sequences, those in which all subsequence densities converge. We show that convergent word sequences have a natural limit, namely Lebesgue measurable functions of the form f : [0, 1] → [0, 1]. Via this theory we show that every hereditary word property is testable, address the problem of finite forcibility for word limits and establish as a byproduct a new model of random word sequences. Along the lines of the proof of the existence of word limits, we can also establish the existence of limits for higher dimensional structures. In particular, we obtain an alternative proof of the result by Hoppen, Kohayakawa, Moreira, Ráth and Sampaio [J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 103(1):93–113, 2013] establishing the existence of permutons.
Simulating tests to test simulation

Camera-based advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) require the mapping from image coordinates into world coordinates to be known. The process of computing that mapping is geometric calibration. This paper provides a series of tests that may be used to assess the goodness of the geometric calibration and compare model forms: 1. Image Coordinate System Test: Validation that different teams are using the same image coordinates. 2. Reprojection Test: Validation of a camera’s calibration by forward projecting targets through the model onto the image plane. 3. Projection Test: Validation of a camera’s calibration by inverse projecting points through the model out into the world. 4. Triangulation Test: Validation of a multi-camera system’s ability to locate a point in 3D. The potential configurations for these tests are driven by automotive use cases. These tests enable comparison and tuning of different calibration models for an as-built camera.
Phytoconstituents from the Aerial Parts of Salvia dracocephaloides Boiss. and their Biological Activities

MTT colorimetric cytotoxic bioassay, solvent fractionation and chromatographic purification of an 80% methanol extract of Salvia dracocephaloides, led to isolation and identification of eight compounds, including 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,3ʹ,4ʹ-pentamethoxyflavone (1), cynaroside (2), salvigenin (3), eupatorin (4), cirsimaritin (5), β-sitosterol (6), oleanolic acid (7), and ursolic acid (8). The structures of the compounds were characterized using spectroscopic analyses including HRESI-MS, 1H and 13C-NMR and comparison with those previously reported in the literature. The biological activities of 1 and 2, including their cytotoxicity against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line and DPPH free radicals scavenging effect were studied in vitro. Compound 1 showed stronger cytotoxicity; IC50 of 7.2 µg/mL compared to that obtained for 2; IC50 of 15.5 µg/mL. While, compound 2, with 3ʹ,4ʹ dihydroquinol functionality, displayed higher DPPH radical inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 10.7 µg/mL compared to that measured for 1; 48.8 µg/mL.
Dynamic terrains applying pseudo-inﬁnity and synthesized by Bezier curves

This paper describes the development of a procedural pseudo-inﬁnite deformable terrain system. The proposed method intends to deal with the high performance required by games. In this work the terrains are synthesised using Bezier curves and are loaded and saved automatically as needed, that is according to the camera position. The Heightmap’s generating process is, at some moments of a game, an expensive task. Considering such aspect we perform the Heightmap’s synthesis in the background of the application, restricting it to a speciﬁc FPS target. Moreover, we developed a deformation model which allows alterations in the HeightMap and Texture. We have used texture arrays at the GPU level to prevent sending unnecessary data. The performance of the system is measured both in the average FPS during the deformation of the terrain and the time taken for the synthesis
Dispersal and Bionomics of the Alien Ophraella communa in China Mainland

The alien leafbeetle Ophraella communa Lesage has spread to eastern provinces including Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Anhui,Jiangxi,and central southern provinces including Hunan and Hubei.Its main host plants are the invasive ragweed,Ambrosia artemisiifolia Linn. ,and occasionally Xanthium sibiricum Patrin. ,a plant species most close to the ragweed.It took 29.8,26.07,and 22.2 d to complete a generation at constant temperatures of 24,27 and 30℃,respectively;but 2129 d in the field at Nanjing city.Among the four generations observed in outdoor cages,the first three from June to August were similar in development duration,survivalship,and fecundity;but for the forth generation,development was much slow,survival rate,obviously low,and fecundity(108.8 eggs per female),less than half of previous generations.Development threshold temperature was 11.5℃ and effective accumulated temperature for a generation was 373.5 degree-days.It is estimated that five generations can occur per year in Nanjing city.
Strategies of Plant Biotechnology to Meet the Increasing Demand of Food and Nutrition in India

A groundbreaking application of biotechnology research during the recent past has been improvement of crop health and production. India being one of the most rapidly developing countries with an enormous population and remarkable biodiversity, plant biotechnology promises significant potential to contribute to characterization and conservation of the biodiversity, increasing its usefulness. However, India’s green revolution was noted to be insufficient to feed the country's teeming millions. Therefore, novel approaches in crop biotechnology had to be aimed at ensuring better productivity and quality of cultivars. This paper provides a comprehensive review of research undertaken mainly in the last couple of decades along with potential strategies in plant biotechnology focusing on specific grain and seed crops of key agricultural as well as dietary importance to meet the growing demand of food and nutrition in India, while also proposing potential application of relevant global research findings in the Indian context. The analysis would help address the ever-increasing worldwide socioeconomic necessity for greater food security, particularly during times of crisis such as the recent Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
On Degenerations of Algebras

For each n > 2 we classify all n-dimensional algebras over an arbitrary infinite field which have the property that the n-dimensional abelian Lie algebra is their only proper degeneration. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 14L30, 14D06, 14R20, 17A30
ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-AUDIBLE MURMUR

Acoustic characteristics of Non-Audible Murmur (NAM) are clarified. NAM is a very weak whispered voice which can be detected by a NAM sensor attached to the surface of the skin close behind the ear. NAM is inaudible body-conducted sound whereas normal voice is audible air-conducted sound. NAM signals are recorded from 6 male and 7 female speakers using a soft-silicon type NAM microphone. The signal-to-noise ratio of the NAM signal is around 15 dB. The bandwidth of the NAM signal is 3 kHz. Long-term averaged spectra (LTAS) of the NAM signal show energy concentration around 500 to 800 Hz and a -17 dB/octave roll off. The calibration of NAM microphones reveals that a soft-silicon type NAM microphone has a low sensitivity above 3 kHz, whereas a urethane-elastomer type NAM microphone has a good sensitivity up to 10 kHz. After compensating the NAM microphone response, the LTAS of the raw NAM signal show energy concentration around 200 to 300 Hz and a -23 dB/octave roll off, which is roughly parallel to the numerical simulation of transfer characteristics of sound in head and neck. INTRODUCTION The ordinary voice is the air-conducted sound, which is the vocal-tract resonance of the vocal cords vibration due to the air stream from the lungs. Other than the ordinary voice, we are using diverse types of voice in daily life such as singing voice, shouting voice, laughing voice, crying voice, small voice, whispered voice, and so on. Further, we hear our own voice through bone conduction, but others' voices conducted through the air. This is why our voice sounds different when it is played back from a recording. These diverse types of voices can be classified based on two axes (Fig. 1). One axis is the phonation type of the voice sound source. The sound source is either periodic glottal flow or random noise flow provided by the air stream passing through the glottis. Stronger air stream is needed to shout and to sing, while weaker air stream is enough to whisper. The sound source is then filtered by the vocal-tract configuration and radiated into the air from the mouth. This axis also represents the energy of voice. Another axis is the conduction type of the voice sound. Typically, the voice sound we use is air-conducted sound, which is small and fast vibration of the air. Meanwhile, the small and fast vibration of the air in the vocal-tract vibrates the vocal-tract wall. Some sound energy passed through tissues and bones of the neck. This bone-conducted voice can be picked up with a bone-conduction microphone. As is the bone-conduction, the body-conducted voice, that is the voice running through neck muscles, can be sensed with a special microphone invented by Nakajima [1-3]. He also found that weak murmured voice, which is usually unheard by people nearby, can be detected by the C on du ct io n ty pe
Marketing of Forest Products: Income and Employment Perspective-An Analysis

In 1992 the Swedish Work Environment Authority (SWEA) considered actions limiting the permitted working hours in forest machine operation. As the forest harvesting industry collectively took initiatives aiming at improving the work environment, SWEA agreed to postpone their actions during two years. The forest industry corporations, the forest machine contractors’ association, the trade unions, SWEA, and researchers acted together to manage improving activities. After the two years respite, the Work Environment Authority only issued recommendations. The industry actors did not agree on how to continue; hence the initiatives were closed down. Evaluations have shown that several problems still remain. No more comprehensive collective action has been taken against the work environment and occupational health problems in the industry. However, when discussing issues of work environment and occupational health with mechanised forest harvesting contractors and forest machine operators, they still often refer to the initiatives in the middle of the 90’ies. At least the initiatives were successful in raising the awareness among contractors and operators. My aim in this paper is to discuss why the collective initiatives succeeded in raising the awareness among mechanised forest harvesting contractors and machine operators. I do that by analysing documents on the initiatives together with new qualitative interviews with the most central actors who worked on them. I show how the threat of working time regulation caused a shock in the organisational field which made opportunities for collective action aiming at institutional change. The shock caused by the governmental authorities de-stabilised the organisational field and opened it up for changed norms and rules. Once new norms and rules had been established, the field was stabilised and re-institutionalised. The results show how the acting of institutional entrepreneurs may have long term and unforeseen impact in changing the norms and perceptions of other actors in the field as well as for policy.
Chapter 7: Multiscale Modeling of Composites Using Analytical Methods

Both fiber and particulate composite materials provide applications in materials science where the multiscale microstructure leads to the need for multiscale modeling. The length scales encountered range from the fiber and particle sizes whose dimensions are measured in microns, to the individual plies in laminates whose thicknesses are measured in fractions of millimeters, to the laminates themselves whose thicknesses in the laboratory are measured in millimeters, e.g., 40–50 mm. The laminates then form parts of composite structures whose sizes are measured in meters, although modeling at this scale will not form part of this chapter. While conventional composites are based on essentially homogeneous matrices, which can be polymeric, metallic, or ceramic, advanced composites are also being considered to have matrices, which are themselves composites reinforced by submicron particles or whiskers, e.g., carbon nanotubes. Such developments lead to the need to be able to estimate the properties of composite laminates that have multiscale reinforcements, e.g., fibers in particulate/whisker-reinforced matrices. Also, there is a need to predict the onset of damage in the materials when they are operating in service conditions. This chapter will focus on two aspects of the problem that complement work already published dealing with multiscale analytical modeling for
ULF Waves in Venus’s Magnetosheath and how do they compare with Mars?1,2 1 Introduction

All planets in our solar system, as well as exoplanets (i.e. planets circling around other stars than our Sun), have interactions with the solar/stellar wind coming from their host star. The solar wind is comprised of plasma moving away from the Sun at velocities around 400 km/s and densities around a few per cubic cm around 1 Astronomical Unit (AU, distance Sun-Earth). Embedded and moving along with the plasma is the Sun’s magnetic field with a strength of several nT, also called the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). These values can strongly vary when eruptions on the Sun, so-called solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) occur. Naturally, for each planet the interaction with the solar wind and the IMF is different, caused e.g. by the presence of a planet-internally generated magnetic field and/or by the distance of the planet from the Sun. However, the regions around the planet are basically similar for all planets: the super-sonic solar wind gets braked at the bow shock to sub-sonic speeds. The slowed down magnetoplasma flows in the so-called magnetosheath, where it interacts with the (magnetized) planet. It forms a boundary at the Figure 1: On scale images of Mars and Venus. location where the magnetic pressure becomes equal to the ram pressure of the solar wind. This boundary is called the magnetopause/ionopause/pile-up boundary, depending on the magnetization of the planet. In the region between the bow shock and the magnetopause, the magnetosheath, many plasma phenomena take place, see e.g. Song and Russell [1997]. In this project the magnetosheaths of two terrestrial planets, Venus and Mars, will be investigated and compared. Questions whether the size of the planet, with Mars approximately half the size of Venus, see Fig. 1, has an influence on the activity in the magnetosheath, or if the distance from the Sun, with Mars approximately twice as far as Venus, makes any significant difference are addressed in this project. Naturally, the fact that there are no upstream solar wind monitors Short title: ULF Waves in Venus’s and Mars’s Magnetosheath 2nd submission, textual changes in green.
gameBITS Framework : A procedural content generation framework for digital games

The use of procedural generation techniques has emerged as a growing trend in the ﬁeld of digital games due to the numerous applicability in content generation, as this has been shown as the main bottleneck in high-quality commercial titles production process, affecting mainly small developers with limited budget. Faced with this problem, this paper presents a general purpose procedural content generation framework for digital games, called gameBITS Framework , relying on a modular and hierarchical architecture for use in different environments and purposes. The objective of this work is to provide a simple, robust and extensible solution for small developers of digital games in low and medium complexity applications, and through this ensure cost reduction and production time. For this purpose, a review of studies in the ﬁeld of procedural generation is presented to clarify the distinction between the various types of content and techniques applicable in this context as well as other existing architecture proposals that corroborate for the proposition process of the new architecture. The effectiveness of the approach adopted for the architecture is demonstrated by three applications built based on the proposed framework, highlighting the performance in the context of a game, and the code reusability potential.
6thEuropean Congress on Epileptology Vienna, Austria, May 30th ‐June 3rd 2004

not submitted Criteria for contributory centres P. Halasz, National Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Budapest, Hungary In this talk I will try to make a proposal about categorisation of available expertise, investigational tools and logistic across Europe to develop a registration system for educational and clinical research purposes. Certain functional levels should be differentiated from the “epilepsy outpatient clinic” units (consisting of neurologist with epileptological knowledge, serum level estimation of AEDs, access to MRI, waking and sleeping EEG) at the minimum level, to the comprehensive inpatient centres with presurgical evaluation unit and rehabilitation activity on the other extreme. A questionaire will be proposed to collect information from the different european countries according the categories of ,,centres” and also about their capacity to educate people to be “epileptologists”. This project has certain overlaps with the EUREPA’s European Certification in Epileptology and with the ILAE/IBE/WHO Global Campaign against Epilepsy EURO-Report program. Such kind of’ categorisation could be utilised to extend the praxis of well working models, find capacities for european educational programs, to help in introduction of surgical treatment in countries were this is not yet available, etc. The survey do not want to pretend any “unificational” purposes, just the contrary it tries to use up and support further successful national models. Lastly the talk try to envisage how these endavours could be used up in future
Inaccessible Accessibility Game?! Redesigning the eMAGs digital accessibility game

A BSTRACT Learning web accessibility is imperative for people that create web content. eMAG’s Digital Accessibility Game is an effort of Brazilian electronic government to create an enjoyable experience by learning accessibility guidelines and best practices. However, the current printable paper version of eMAG’s game is not accessible per se. This paper presents the development an accessible web version of eMAG’s game, reporting support and validation tools, accessibility checking techniques and guidelines, gameplay adaptations for digital media, and improvements.
3 Static constrained optimization

Definition 3.1 The feasible point x∗ ∈ Xad is a (i) local solution to (3.3) if there exists a neighborhood U2 of x∗ such that f (x) ≥ f (x∗) for all x ∈U2∩Xad; (ii) strict local solution to (3.3) if there exists a neighborhood U2 of x∗ such that f (x) > f (x∗) for all x ∈U2 \ {x∗} ∩Xad; (iii) isolated local solution to (3.3) if there exists a neighborhood U2 of x∗ such that x∗ is the only local solution in U2∩Xad.