Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of civil engineering educational system in Iran: problems and solutions

Engineering education is a mighty driver of society growth and is one of the most effective instruments for eradicating the poverty and essential task for improving economy and social facilities in each country. A good educational system in university that ensures learning for all students provides them with necessary skills for success in both academic job and industry. This paper has comprehensively evaluated civil engineering educational program in universities of Iran. One of the weaknesses of education system in Iran is that the society is suffering from educational inflation and paper qualification which lead to a painful situation to the economy of this country. For instance, in the year 2001, two millions and two hundred thousand people attended the university entrance exam, which has fallen to 800,000 in 2015. Evidently, it has reached to less than half in a decay. Therefore, by reduction of applicants’ population in the recent years, many of the capacities and created costs for educational system are becoming useless.
Access to finance : an unfinished agenda

Recent data compilations show that many poor and non-poor people in many developing countries face a high degree of financial exclusion and high barriers in access to finance. Theory and empirical evidence point to the critical role that improved access to finance has in promoting growth and reducing income inequality. An extensive literature shows the channels through which finance promotes enterprise growth and improves aggregate resource allocation. There is less evidence at the household level, however, and on the effectiveness of policies to overcome financial exclusion. The article summarizes recent efforts to measure and analyze the impact of access to finance and discusses the unfinished research agenda.
Nutrition in-utero Administration in Pregnant Bali Cows; its effect on Metabolite Status

The aim of this study was to know the effect of nutrition in-utero administration on metabolite status in pregnant Bali cows. A total of 90 Bali cows were clinically examined in the present study for pregnancy status. Out of 90 cows, 33 cows were pregnant at various age of pregnancy. The remaining 57 cows did not become pregnant at the time of clinical examination. All cows were treated with nutrition in- utero. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and glucose concentrations were measured before and during treatment. The results of this study showed that concentrations of BUN, creatinine, and glucose before treatment (mean±SD) were 12.1±4.5 mg/dL, 1.7±0.4 mg/dL, and 56.1±23.4 mg/dL, respectively. After treating the cows, the concentrations of BUN, creatinine, and glucose were relatively similar to the concentrations before treatment; 11.7±5.5 mg/dL, 1.6±0.2 mg/dL, and 50.9±8.4 mg/dL, respectively. Likewise, non-pregnant cows that showed normal ovarian activity, the concentrations of BUN, creatinine, and glucose were also relatively similar both before and after treatment (14.2±7.6 mg/dL vs 11.8±2.7 mg/dL; 1.3±0.1 mg/dL vs 1.6±0.2 mg/dL; and 46.9±9.2 mg/dL vs 56.6±20.5 mg/dL). It is noteworthy that in anestrus cows, the concentration of glucose before treatment was only 28.7±15.0 mg/dL and it was increased to 53.0±7.1 mg/dL after treatment, while concentrations of BUN and creatinine were relatively similar both before and after treatment (12.9±0.8 mg/dL vs 8.4±0.2 mg/dL and 1.0±0.2 mg/dL vs 1.6±0.1 mg/dL). In conclusion, Bali cows with normal concentrations of BUN, creatinine, and glucose during pregnancy tended to maintain their metabolite status. Administration of nutrition in-utero in anestrus cows improved glucose concentration.
Work-related basic need satisfaction as a predictor of work engagement among academic staff in Turkey

This study examines the relationship between work-related basic need satisfaction and work engagement. Data were obtained from a total of 203 academics who are employed in various universities of Turkey. In this research Work-Related Basic Need Satisfaction Scale and The Turkish Form of Utrecht Work Engagement Scale were utilized. The data were analysed through multiple regression and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient analysis methods. The findings revealed that the sub-dimensions of work-related basic need satisfaction significantly predicted work engagement. Upper management should improve work conditions of their personnel, which are related with competency, autonomy, and relatedness needs of academics. This way, academic staff will have better efficiency in terms of work engagement, which will also result in higher work adaptation and participation. Keywords : academic staff, basic need satisfaction, work engagement
Modeling Regional Radiocarbon Trends: A Case Study from the East Texas Woodland Period

The East Texas Radiocarbon Database contributes to an analysis of tempo and place for Woodland era (∼500 BC–AD 800) archaeological sites within the region. The temporal and spatial distributions of calibrated 14C ages (n = 127) with a standard deviation (ΔT) of 61 from archaeological sites with Woodland components (n = 51) are useful in exploring the development and geographical continuity of the peoples in cast Texas, and lead to a refinement of our current chronological understanding of the period. While analysis of summed probability distributions (SPDs) produces less than significant findings due to sample size, they are used here to illustrate the method of date combination prior to the production of site- and period-specific SPDs. Through the incorporation of this method, the number of 14C dates is reduced to 85 with a ΔT of 54. The resultant data set is then subjected to statistical analyses that conclude with the separation of the east Texas Woodland period into the Early Woodland (∼500 BC–AD 0), Middle Woodland (∼AD 0–400), and Late Woodland (∼AD 400–800) periods.
The Transfer of Juveniles to Adult Court in Canada and the United States: Confused Agendas and Compromised Assessment Procedures

This article traces the evolution of the youth justice system in Canada and the United States and examines the practice of transferring juveniles to criminal court. Experts disagree about whether the goals of rehabilitation and retribution can be satisfactorily reconciled within the bounds of the juvenile system, and whether juvenile transfer significantly deters youth crime. Equally controversial is the appropriateness of exposing youth – who are in the midst of development – to the criminal system and to the possibility of receiving a lengthy adult sanction. We argue that it is neither efficacious nor ethical to transfer youth to adult court and deny them the protections afforded by the juvenile system. Concepts from developmental psychology, risk assessment, and juvenile psychopathy are integrated into this argument. Recommendations for policy and future research are noted, including a need to develop systematic guidelines that bridge legal and psychosocial constructs in the assessment of risk, amenability to treatment, and maturity of character in youth.
Managing Transients Generated by the Reconfiguration Process at the Tandem Inverter Fed Induction Motor

The paper focuses on the reconfiguration process of vector control systems of the induction motor supplied from the tandem (hybrid) static-frequency converter. Reconfigurable control structure ensures different strategies for operating modes with non-failed and partial-failed converter. The reconfiguration process introduces perturbations in the vector controlled AC drives. The paper analyses the perturbation effects of the control system reconfiguration and presents simulation results. The paper tries to give some solutions for the transient management. Problems related to hardware and software implementation of the transition from a control structure to another are discussed. Simulation results are presented for both basic topologies of the field-oriented control system The simulation results were obtained with the help of a module library created in Matlab Simulink special for implementation in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) of vector control structures for AC drives.
Is mindfulness conceptualized differently in Western mindfulness-based interventions than in Buddhism?

Psychology is a secular discipline, but because of its application to all domains of life, it inevitably makes contact with religious and spiritual practices. These practices have often been described in manners that avoid any direct engagement with the philosophical assumptions that underlie religious traditions. Recent systematic inclusions of mindfulness exercises in psychological practice, however, force the field into more direct discussions of religious philosophies, particularly those of Buddhism. While certain aspects of mindfulness have been successfully incorporated into psychological therapies, some Buddhist scholars have argued that the Western secular conceptualization of mindfulness is too restricted, as it does not acknowledge the roles of the other elements of Buddhist practice, particularly those pertaining to morality and wisdom. The present article reviews the arguments recently forwarded by Buddhist scholars that definitions and applications of mindfulness in Western mindfulness-based practices deviate from those of Buddhism. The article concludes that such discrepancies are not too dissimilar from differences in the conceptualization of mindfulness within Buddhism itself, and Western conceptualizations of mindfulness appear to be most closely related to those of later emerging Buddhist traditions.
The Domestic Politics of Banking Regulation

This article seeks to ground financial regulatory choices in domestic politics. Based on evidence from twenty-two industrialized countries, we argue that electoral rules—specifically, the extent to which they are centrifugal or centripetal—have a significant effect on whether the banks or their consumers pay for the security of the banking system. Moreover, despite the homogenizing effects of global financial integration, the political dynamics generated by these electoral rules continue to shape the nature and extent of prudential regulations that countries adopt in the place of banking cartels.
Three‐dimensional optimal perturbations in viscous shear flow

Transition to turbulence in plane channel flow occurs even for conditions under which modes of the linearized dynamical system associated with the flow are stable. In this paper an attempt is made to understand this phenomena by finding the linear three‐dimensional perturbations that gain the most energy in a given time period. A complete set of perturbations, ordered by energy growth, is found using variational methods. The optimal perturbations are not of modal form, and those which grow the most resemble streamwise vortices, which divert the mean flow energy into streaks of streamwise velocity and enable the energy of the perturbation to grow by as much as three orders of magnitude. It is suggested that excitation of these perturbations facilitates transition from laminar to turbulent flow. The variational method used to find the optimal perturbations in a shear flow also allows construction of tight bounds on growth rate and determination of regions of absolute stability in which no perturbation growt.
pH affects the in vitro formation of cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-11 octadecenoic acid by ruminal bacteria when incubated with oilseeds

The effect of pH on the fermentation characteristics and the formation of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-11 octadecenoic acid by mixed ruminal bacteria was examined in vitro when incubated with linseed or rapeseed. Concentrate (1%, w/v) with ground linseed (0.6%, w/v) or rapeseed (0.5%, w/v) was added to 600 ml mixed solution of strained rumen fluid with artificial saliva (1:1, v/v), and was incubated anaerobically for 12 h at 39°C. The pH of culture solution was maintained at level close to 4.5, 5.3, 6.1 and 6.9 with 30% H 2 SO 4 or 30% NaOH solution. pH increment resulted in increases of ammonia and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration in culture solutions containing both oilseeds. Fermentation did not proceeded at pH 4.5. Molar proportion of acetate decreased but that ofpropionate increased as pH increased when incubated with oilseeds. While the hydrogenating process was very slow at the pH range of 4.5 to 5.3, rapid hydrogenation was found from the culture solutions of pH 6.1 and 6.9 when incubated with linseed or rapeseed. As pH in culture solution of linseed or rapeseed increases proportions of oleic acid (cis-9 C 1 8 : 1 ) and trans-11 octadecenoic acid increased but those of linoleic acid and linolenic acid decreased. The CLA proportion increased with pH in culture solution containing rapeseed but CLA was mostly not detected from the incubation of linseed.
Resonant nonlinear Neumann problems with indefinite weight

We consider nonlinear Neumann problems driven by the p-Laplacian plus an indeﬁnite potential. First we develop the spectral properties of such differential operators. Subsequently, using these spectral properties and variational methods based on critical point theory, truncation techniques and Morse theory, we prove existence and multiplicity theorems for resonant problems.
Performance of an Energy Efficient Clustering Algorithm for Cluster- Based Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, a fixed clustering algorithm (FCA) is proposed to improve energy efficiency for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In order to reduce the energy dissipation in sending information from each sensor to the sink, the proposed FCA uniformly clustering the sensing area where the cluster head is deployed in the centric of the cluster area. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm definitely reduces the energy consumption of sensors and extends the lifetime of the networks nearly more 80% compared to the random clustering (RC) scheme.
Predictive Driving: Fusing Prediction and Planning for Automated Highway Driving

To guide an automated vehicle safely through complex traffic, knowledge about the future evolution of the driving situation has to be considered. The contribution at hand proposes an approach for automated driving in structured environments. An environment representation for trajectory planning is presented that enables predictive driving by interconnecting trajectory prediction for the surrounding traffic and planning of an according ego trajectory. A maneuver-based approach with an efficient trajectory model is carried out to enable an accurate and fast estimation of future motions of other vehicles. The results are directly considered in the dynamic environment representation utilized for trajectory planning. In the trajectory optimization process, the required safety distance is hence taken into account uniquely for each future time instance. The evaluation of the trajectory prediction approach shows very good performance on a simulated as well as on a dataset recorded by a test vehicle. On account of the predictive character of the developed environment potential field, simulation experiments demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Spontaneous Cross-Cultural Emotion Database: Latin-America vs. Japan

In this paper, we present a new database to support the cross-cultural studies. Two cultural groups are selected: Latin America and Japan, to represent western and oriental cultures. Emotions are elicited through an experiment in which participants observe emotionally loaded stimuli and then rate their feelings in a valence (how positive or negative is the experienced emotion) and arousal (how intense is this emotion) scale. The interactions are recorded using audiovisual and thermal devices. This database features three innovative characteristics: spontaneous emotion expressions, multiple synchronized sources of interaction, cross-cultural comparison support. This set of characteristics is missing in the currently available emotion databases, making our database a unique open option for studying spontaneous expressiveness of emotions in a cross-cultural context.
Learning Needs and Quality Care Among Family Caregivers and Elderly Patients of Guadalupe, Cebu City, Central Philippines

This study assessed the learning needs of the family caregivers based on knowledge, skills, attitude and values (KSAV), their quality of care services and the elderly patients’ assessment on the quality of the provided care. The study utilised a descriptive-normative method employing survey research design utilizing a randomized cluster sampling technique. Primary data were collected using a standardised modified interview guide. Face-toface interviews were carried out to family caregivers and elderly patients in Guadalupe Village, Cebu City, Central Philippines. Findings revealed that caregiving jobs are mostly handled by women. Likewise, there were more female than male elderly patients, almost three-fourths of them attained high school or lower level education. Family caregivers’ possessed very good attitude and values. They were also good in terms of knowledge and skills toward the care of elderly patients. Similarly, elderly patients view their caregivers to be very good in attitude and values and good in terms of knowledge and skills. In conclusion, the learning needs among family care givers dealt more on understanding the nature, medical conditions, medication administration, caregiving techniques, diet and nutrition, ambulation techniques and strategies, financial supports from peers and total care management of the elderly patients. The provision of these learning needs anchored on the knowledge, skills, attitude and values ensures the caregivers from experiencing depressions, desperations, and self-isolation.
Stuck in the Bushman-Baas nexus: Static power relations in Southern African tourism

In Namibia and South Africa, tourism is an important strategy to empower marginalized Bushmen, ever more by the creation of joint ventures and the inclusion of the private sector. In these initiatives communities can create income and learn from a private operator how one should run a business. In this paper I analyze various case situations of Bushmen in and around farming and conservation areas and argue that in reality these educational and economic trickle-down effects hardly take place. On the contrary, the relation between Bushmen and the mostly white managers in tourism resembles that of baasskap, a concept from the colonial farms, which creates a status quo.
Geometric Quantization on Kähler and Symplectic Manifolds

We explain various results on the asymptotic expansion of the Bergman kernel on Kahler manifolds and also on symplectic manifolds. We also review the “quantization commutes with reduction” phenomenon for a compact Lie group action, and its relation to the Bergman kernel. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Primary 53D; Secondary 58J, 32A.
Effects of Rights-Based Management on Processors' Supply: An Application to the Alaska Pollock Fishery

Economists have generated numerous studies analyzing how a move to rights-based fishery management from openaccess management affects fish harvesters' behavior. Conversely, the impacts that such a change in management can have on fish processors has received relatively little attention. This paper presents a simple two-product processor supply model to show that switching to a rights-based managed fishery can be a source of rent generation for the processors by making their supply more responsive to output prices. Using data from the Alaska pollock fishery, a cointegration with structural break analysis is used to provide evidence of a change in the long-run relationship between processors output, product prices, and whole fish deliveries. The empirical application finds that the endogenously determined structural breaks happened near the time this fishery implemented an individual fishing quota. Furthermore, the estimation of the cointegrating vector indicates that the processors of this fishery are significantly more price responsive after the change in management
Comparison of Antibodies Raised Against Heat- and Gamma Radiation-Killed Bacteria

For antibody generation, pathogenic bacteria are often heat-treated prior to inoculation into host animals in order to prevent infection and subsequently, premature death of the host. Inoculation of host rabbits with gamma radiationkilled pathogenic bacteria was employed with the hopes of generating antibodies that would have higher affinity, relative to antibodies raised against thermally denatured microorganisms, to live pathogens. The two antibody sets, raised against either heat-killed or irradiated bacterial cells, were compared for immunological response with live, heattreated, chemically-treated (i.e., bleached), and irradiated Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella bacteria. With the exception of the chemically-treated cell immunological response, both antibody sets yielded similar responses— low for irradiated cells, moderate for live cells, and high for heat-treated cells. The results suggested that thermal or chemical treatment of live pathogen containing food samples will elicit higher immunological responses with either antibody system, indicating potential application for detection of the presence of live bacteria in non-irradiated food systems. In addition, these findings also indicated that an immunoassay analysis of irradiated foods may lead to low signals that might be interpreted as indicating the presence of live cells (i.e., may lead to a false negative result).
Petrographic Studies of Rocks from The Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure (USA): Implication for Moderate Shock Pressures in Sedimentary Breccias

Shock petrographic investigations were carried out on samples collected from drill cores from the Chesapeake Bay impact structure (USA). The late Eocene Chesapeake impact structure is, at 85 km diameter, currently the largest impact structure known in the United States, buried at shallow to moderate depths beneath continental margin sediments underneath southeastern Virginia. To better define the variety of the samples collected from the shallow drill cores and the shock degrees experienced by the target rocks and breccias in the Chesapeake impact crater, thin section analyses were conducted on more than 50 samples from the various zones of the impact structure. The study involves measurements of the orientations of planar deformation features (PDFs) using a universal stage attached to a petrographic microscope. The aim of this study is to determine the shock pressures of various clasts in the shallow breccia fill of the crater. As a result, we note that the overwhelming numbers of shocked grains, which are now present in the sedimentary breccia, are derived from the basement granitoids. Our studies involved samples from four shallow drill cores (Exmore, Windmill Point, Kiptopeke, and Newsport News). The breccia fill is termed the Exmore breccia, which is dominated by particulates of silt, shocked and unshocked granitic fragments, shale, clay, and free shocked quartz grains. The Kiptopke and Windmill Point samples contained rare fragments showing a variety of different shock effects, whereas the Newporte News samples, show several fragments and impact melt with the evidence shock metamorphism was noted. The most abundantly observed shock indicators are shock fracturing, indicative of shock pressures of less than about 10 GPa, as well as 1-2 sets of PDFs in quartz grains, which is indicative of moderate shock pressures of up to about 20 or 25 GPa. Key words: Chesapeake Bay Crater, PDFs, Shock pressure, Universal stage, Impact structure.