Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining of Mineral Deposits

Purpose. Determining the deformation properties of backfill mass used to preserve the continuity of the coal-rock stratum enclosing mine workings. Methods. To achieve the purpose set, laboratory studies have been performed on crushed rock samples with different granulometric composition, which are exposed to uniaxial compression in a steel cylinder. The experimental data are processed using the mathematical statistics methods. Findings. As a result of performed laboratory studies, it has been determined that during compression pressure of the backfill material from crushed rock, the deformation modulus is a variable value and depends on the value of the applied load, which means that it cannot be used as a physical characteristic of the backfill mass. It has been proven that the deformation modulus characterizes the backfill mass rigidity, that is, its ultimate stress state. The rigidity value under a constant external load, can be regulated using the granulometric composition of the crushed rock. It has been revealed that the maximum shrinkage of the backfill mass is achieved when repacking crushed rock fractions of different sizes under volume compression of the backfill material. In the case when the backfill material is a homogeneous fraction of crushed rock, when increasing the constrained modulus, the backfill mass rigidity increases, and shrinkage decreases. Originality. It has been proven that the values of the crushed rock compaction coefficient, which characterizes the shrinkage of the backfill mass, are correlated with a parabola and depend on the granulometric composition of the source material. With inhomogeneous granulometric composition, the compaction coefficient values are maximum, and for backfill material with the similar fraction, they decrease with a change in the bulk density of the crushed rock. Practical implications. To ensure the side rocks stability and to maintain mine workings in an operational state, it is necessary to ensure a uniform by volume granulometric composition inhomogeneity of the crushed rock. This determines the ability of the roof and bottom of the coal seam to effectively respond to the impact of external factors that are manifested in the mass of sedimentary rocks during mining operations.
MUSIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND GENRE CLASSIFICATION USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES AND DEEP LEARNING

- In this hectic world, music plays a vital role. There are many genres of music available that people love to listen to, and there is a dire need to classify them. Classifying the music according to their genre is indeed a challenging task. As music consists of various features, fetching the essential and appropriate features is a crucial task in the field of Music Information Retrieval (MIR) and Genre Classification. Previous research on music genre classification systems centered primarily on the use of timbral characteristics, which restricts the output. In this study, we have used various machine learning algorithms and Deep Neural Network to classify the music based on their genre. In machine learning, we have used the SVM classifier, Decision Tree classifier, K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) classifier, and Random Forest classifier for the task of genre classification. These algorithms are prevalent in the task of classification. Our work compares the accuracy of different machine learning classification algorithms and Deep Neural Networks, where Deep Neural Network has the highest accuracy of 80%.
Twostep cluster analysis: Segmentation of largest companies in Macedonia

One of the important procedures for segmentation and classification of the largest Macedonian companies is twostep cluster analysis. This clustering method is very efficient in classification of large data sets, has the ability to create groups using categorical and continuous variables and it is provided with automatic selection of number of clusters. These are all advantages of twostep analysis compared to the traditional clustering methods. The goal of this paper is to present valuable application of the twostep cluster analysis in segmentation of the Macedonian companies. Every year, the Central Register of Republic of Macedonia and Euro Business Centre Macedonia present a publication that reveals the 200 largest and most successful companies in Macedonia. In order to reveal the structure of the Macedonian companies, twostep cluster analysis is performed using the following continuous variables: total revenue in 2007, total revenue in 2006, earnings before taxes in 2007, revenue growth rate 2007/2006 and number of employees. Also, one categorical variable is included, type of industry. The analysis successfully manages to create solution of four clusters or four different types of companies on the Macedonian market. The first type represents the most successful companies with significantly high revenues, earnings and stabile growth. These companies come from industries such as communications, electricity and manufacturing, and provide significant employment of the work force. The second type represents companies with relatively smaller revenues and earnings compared to the first type, but yet higher than the country’s average. These are all manufacturing companies with steady growth. The third group has slightly smaller revenues and earnings than the second group, but the difference is that this group represents companies with high revenue growth rate, representing developing companies with significant potential. These are companies that mostly provide services, companies that provide telecommunication and transport, and also few companies from other industries. The last group represents the smallest companies from the analyzed 200 largest companies, having the smallest revenues, earnings and number of employees. These companies will develop further, but with much smaller rate than the companies in the third group. These are all companies that deal with retail and wholesale trade. These findings are useful because mainly they provide the general structure of the largest Macedonian companies. For the potential foreign investors this analysis is an insight
Global Placement with Deep Learning-Enabled Explicit Routability Optimization

Placement and routing (PnR) is the most time-consuming part of the physical design flow. Recognizing the routing performance ahead of time can assist designers and design tools to optimize placement results in advance. In this paper, we propose a fully convolutional network model to predict congestion hotspots and then incorporate this prediction model into a placement engine, DREAMPlace, to get a more route-friendly result. The experimental results on ISPD2015 benchmarks show that with the superior accuracy of the prediction model, our proposed approach can achieve up to 9.05% reduction in congestion rate and 5.30% reduction in routed wirelength compared with the state-of-the-art.
Aerosol Filtration by Fibrous and Membrane Filters

Purpose of work Filtration is one of the most widely utilized technique in the nuclear industry for air cleaning and radioactive aerosols sampling, due to its simplicity and low cost. A wide spectrum of filters is available commercially with a wide selection of filtration, geometric and pressure drop characteristics. In the present work, the various filters' types are presented with reference to their advantages and limitations and to their typical industrial applications. Filtration theories of the major filters' types are presented with the basic parameters of the filtration process including the filtration efficiency and the filter media resistance.
The Science Literacy as an Objective for the Science Teaching

Neste artigo apresentamos uma discussão sobre o significado de alfabetização cient́ıfica e suas implicações para o ensino de ciências. Inicialmente discutimos a relação entre alfabetização e letramento e em seguida mostramos que o termo “alfabetização cient́ıfica” abarca diferentes conceitos presentes na literatura através dos tempos. A importância dessa discussão emerge num ano em que o Brasil foi novamente submetido a uma avaliação comparativa de estudantes no que se refere à “alfabetização cient́ıfica”, o PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment). Essa avaliação, que teve ińıcio no ano de 2000, tem mostrado que somos um páıs que pouco sabe sobre ciência, pois o páıs logrou as últimas colocações nas avaliações de anos anteriores. A alfabetização cient́ıfica vem se mostrando como um objetivo no ensino de ciências no Brasil e no mundo. Nesse sentido é importante que se discuta o que é alfabetização cient́ıfica, para melhor entendermos e analisarmos as avaliações a que somos submetidos. Mais do que isso, para que possamos bem avaliar nosso trabalho, assim como planejar nossas ações didáticas.
Raman spectra of copper (I), silver (I) and gold (I) cyanides in aqueous solutions of sodium thiosulphate

Systems of copper(I), silver(I) and gold(I) cyanides dissolved in aqueous solutions of sodium thiosulphate in different molar ratios have been studied by Raman Spectroscopy. CuCN dissolves completely in aqueous thiosulphate solution in a 1:3 CuCN to S2O32− ratio, forming only mixed cyanothiosulphate species. No evidence was found for the formation of Cu (CN)2−, Cu(CN)32− or Cu(CN)43−. The mixed cyano copper complex was isolated as a white solid insoluble in water and most other solvents. The solid probably consists of a polymeric structure with bridging cyanide and thiosulphate. AgCN dissolves completely in aqueous thiosulphate solution in a 1:1 AgCN to S2O32− ratio, resulting in the formation of Ag(CN)2− and Ag(S2O3)23− species. As the concentration of thiosulphate increases Ag(CN)2(S2O3)3− and Ag(CN)2(S2O3)25− are formed. There is strong evidence for the existence of bridging silver thiosulphate complex in solutions of low S2O32− concentration. AuCN dissolves completely in aqueous thiosulphate solution in a 1:2 AuCN to S2O32− ratio, forming Au(CN)2−, Au(CN) (S2O3)2− and Au(S2O3)23−. No evidence was found for the formation of species of higher coordination number on increasing the concentration of S2O32−, which indicates that the linear two-coordinate gold complexes are the most stable.
Strategic Design Factors for an Automated Customer Interface

A substantial review of the extant literature, which is not included in the paper, identifies three agents that influence automation of the customer interface in insurance companies. They are (1) intensified competition mainly resulting from deregulation of general insurance markets, (2) changes in the customer base (tendency to individualisation, request for more flexible products), and (3) technological development, in particular the increasingly intensive use of information and communication technologies for business purposes. Despite these new market influences, even today many insurance companies do not consider automating their processes at the customer front end. Critical thinking and awareness of the influencing factors that surround decisions on automating service delivery processes are not on the managers’ agenda. Further, it is not especially clear what the criteria are that influence automation of the customer interface in insurance companies. With this in mind a qualitative empirical study, conducted by interviewing experts from a sample of Swiss insurance companies that was representative of the structure of competition in the Swiss insurance market, was undertaken. The relevant question asked was, "What are the critical success factors that enable the automation of the customer interface in insurance companies? ”. An outcome of the study is a list of eight topics, namely (A) Market forces, (B) Strategic focus, (C) Company-customer-interaction process, (D) Suitability of products, (E) Multi-channel service delivery, (F) Customer segmentation, (G) Business case, and (H) Technological aspects, that include a total of twenty one design factors considered important when designing an automated customer interface. Discussions centred on these topics and these design factors provided answers to six key questions that facilitated the development of an appropriate managerial model. The study shows that various criteria from many topics are relevant for the design of an automated customer interface. For a company, consequently, designing an automated customer interface is a task that needs to be looked at from various functional areas and that needs interdisciplinary decision making. As such, it requires intention and promotion at a strategic level in order to give it the adequate status and resources that are necessary for a successful implementation.
TIME FOR YET ANOTHER LOOK AT SOIL CONDITIONERS

As the Allied forces fought to crush the backbone of the Axis powers in World War II, they built scores of airfields and temporary roads, seemingly overnight and frequently in marginal locations under adverse weather conditions. The job might have been impossible, and the war might have been prolonged, had chemical soil conditioners not been developed (Wilson and Crisp 1975). With chemical soil conditioners to stabilize soil structure and prevent the hastily constructed landing fields from returning to mud wallows, trucks kept rolling and Allied planes were able to land and take off to push the offensive.
Low temperature formation of sol-gel derived ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate (Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3, x = 0.3) thin films

Crack-free transparent thin films of ferroelectric Pb(Zr 0.3 ,Ti 0.7 )O 3 (PZT) with the perovskite structure were prepared by spin-coating a solution of complex alkoxides, followed by drying and then firing at the temperatures less than 500°C. The preparation of stock solution, erring, and firing of films are described. The coatings with selective orientations have been prepared by using selective processing parameters. The influence of low-temperature processing steps on texture development will be reported. The formation and growth of polymeric particles in the hydrolysis and condensation of PZT sol-gel precursor solutions have been investigated by using photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and by measuring their rheological properties. It has been possible to follow the growth of the particles in the sol by the different techniques used from initial values of <4nm up to ca 100nm. It has been shown that the particles are rods rather than spheres. The effects of particle shape and solution chemistry on the crystal phase formation and texture development will be discussed.
EPPO Datasheet: Meloidogyne fallax

Meloidogyne fallax was detected for the first time in 1992 in a field plot experiment 1.5 km north of Baexem (NL), and was initially considered as a deviant M. chitwoodi Golden population (Karssen, 1994). On the basis of differences in isozyme patterns, M. fallax was proposed as a new race of M. chitwoodi (van Meggelen et al., 1994), and named M. chitwoodi B-type (Karssen, 1995). As more differences between M. chitwoodi and the B-types were discovered, this race status became unacceptable, and M. fallax was described as a new species (Karssen, 1996).
X-RAY PHOTOEMISSION ANALYSIS OF CHEMICALLY TREATED GaTe SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES FOR RADIATION DETECTOR APPLICATIONS

The surface of the layered III-VI chalcogenide semiconductor GaTe was subjected to various chemical treatments commonly used in device fabrication to determine the effect of the resulting microscopic surface composition on transport properties. Various mixtures of H3PO4:H2O2:H2O were accessed and the treated surfaces were allowed to oxidize in air at ambient temperature. High-resolution core-level photoemission measurements were used to evaluate the subsequent chemistry of the chemically treated surfaces. Metal electrodes were created on laminar (cleaved) and nonlaminar (cut and polished) GaTe surfaces followed by chemical surface treatment and the current versus voltage characteristics were measured. The measurements were correlated to understand the effect of surface chemistry on the electronic structure at these surfaces with the goal of minimizing the surface leakage currents for radiation detector devices.
Development of Hydroxyapatite-Based Bioceramic Hardness Model Based on Variations in Synthesis Conditions

DOI: 10.31629/jit.v1i1. 2135 Abstract Hydroxyapatite is a bioceramic which has an excellent biocompatible property and has been widely used in bone scaffolds. However, there has not been any mathematical model that elaborates on the relation between the parameter of synthesis conditions and the mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite. That is why, this article tries to present the relationship model between the hardness of hydroxyapatite based on a variety of synthesis conditions such as sintering temperature, relative density, and the size of the particle. Developing the hardness model is performed based on its relation with the responses from each experimental factor. To validate the model, we compare it with the experimental data, and it indicates that the proposed model has good accuracy.
Calcium silicate hydrates: solid and liquid phase

BP47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France 8 9 * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email Barbara.lothenbach@empa.ch phone +41 58 10 765 47 88, fax +41 58 765 69 35 11 12 13 14 Abstract 15 This paper presents a review on the relationship between the composition, the structure and the 16 solution in which calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) is equilibrated. The silica chain length in C-S-H 17 increases with the silicon concentration and the calcium content in the interlayer space with the 18 calcium concentrations. Sodium and potassium are taken up in the interlayer space, preferentially at 19 low calcium concentrations and thus by low Ca/Si C-S-H. Aluminium uptake in C-S-H increases 20 strongly at higher aluminium concentrations in the solution. At low Ca/Si, aluminium substitutes silica 21 in the bridging position, at Ca/Si > 1 aluminium is bound in TAH. Recently developed thermodynamic 22 models are closely related to the structure of C-S-H and tobermorite, and able to model not only the 23 solubility and the chemical composition of the C-S-H, but also to predict the mean silica chain length 24 and the uptake of aluminium. 25
Comprehensive Histopathological Examination and Breast Cancer: An Institutional Analysis

Background: The histological patterns and other microscopic parameters play important role in the therapeutic management and assessment of the prognosis of the carcinoma breast. As this carcinoma shows heterogeneity, a careful gross examination followed by a more detailed examination of tissue sections is the backbone of the histopathological analysis. Methods: Total of 103 cases of breast carcinoma were included in the study. Histopathological reports along with detailed gross examination findings were re-assessed for various histological patterns and associated features. Data obtained was analysed. Result: Gross examination findings showed 9.4% multiplicentricity of the tumor. Histopathology revealed infiltrating ductal cell carcinoma not otherwise specified (IDC NOS) as most common histologic type (77.6%), I as common grade (45.8%) and IIA as common stage (28%) with other unique microscopic characteristics. Conclusion: Gross findings were more or less similar with results shown in the literatures except 9.4% multiple invasive pattern of the tumor. Different histopathological findings were papillary carcinoma as second common histogical pattern, histologic grade I as common grade, evidence of lymphovascular invasion less common than perineural invasion. In addition atypical ductal hyperplasia was seen associated with papillary carcinoma commonly and desmoplasia with N0 tumor.
Perceived Satisfaction on Learning Environment of Science-based and Non- Science based ESL Learners of Peripheral Universities of Sri Lanka

The emphasis placed for Learning Environment and Resources in ELT study programmes has not been duly recognized although they are so immense for the improvement of ESL proficiency of university students. This study was a survey research in nature and was a part of the PhD study conducted in selected peripheral universities in Sri Lanka. In the study, five areas namely; convenience of lecture room facilities, availability of technology and other resources, availability of language laboratory facilities, convenience of library facilities, and convenience of time tabling and allocation of periods were tested with special reference to Science-based and Non sciencebased faculties. Descriptive analysis of data using SPSS software was performed in the study. Based on the results, students of Science-based faculties have shown almost equally high and moderate satisfaction for most of the areas. In contrast, Non science-based faculties needed further improvements in selected cases as the students’ satisfaction was low and moderate in majority of the cases in addition to few values of high satisfaction in limited cases.
INSILICO CHARACTERIZATION OF GLUTATHIONE S -TRANSFERASES AND THEIR INTERACTION STUDY IN MULBERRY SILKWORM,

The Glutathione S -transferases are cytosolic enzymes that are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The GST multigene family are phase II detoxification enzymes that mainly helps to detoxify the large range of xenobiotic compounds in many organisms. These enzymes play a major role in detoxification pathway along with their related genes. We characterized the each GSTs class of silkworm such as Delta, Epsilon, Omega, Theta, Zeta and the phylogentic tree of GSTs were consructed. Further, we identified the conserved domains of GSTs such as thioredoxin_like and GST_C_family superfamily. Also, the G-site, H-site and dimer inferace of GSTs were identified. Around 10 conserved motifs were found by analyzing all GSTs of the silkworm. The silkworm genome sequences were mapped into the kegg pathway database and found the silkworm genes that are found in the xenobiotics metabolism pathway. Additionally, 128 protein-protein interactions of silkworm were found from the GSTs and their related genes of metabolic pathways. Further, functional enrichment analysis was shown. This study paves ways to understand the phase II detoxification enzymes, glutathione S -transferases and xenobiotics detoxification metabolic pathway of the mulberry silkworm.
Magnetar-driven Shock Breakout Revisited and Implications for Double-peaked Type I Superluminous Supernovae

The discovery of early bumps in some type-I superluminous supernovae (SLSNe-I) before the main peaks offers an important clue to their energy source mechanisms. In this paper, we updated an analytic magnetar-powered model for fitting the multiband light curves of double-peaked SLSNe-I. The early bump is powered by magnetar-driven shock-breakout thermal emission, and the main peak is powered by a radiative diffusion through the supernova (SN) ejecta as in the standard magnetar-powered model. Generally, the diffusive luminosity is greater than the shock-breakout luminosity at the early time, which usually makes the shock-breakout bumps unclear to observe. To obtain a clear double-peaked light curve, inefficient magnetar heating at early times is required. This model is applied to three well-observed double-peaked SLSNe-I (i.e., SN2006oz, LSQ14bdq, and DES14Xtaz). We find that a relatively massive SN ejecta with M ej ≃ 10.2–18.1M ⊙ and relatively large kinetic energy of SN ejecta erg are required, and the thermalization efficiency of the magnetar heating is suppressed before t delay, which is in the range of ≃15–43 days. The model can reproduce the observed light curves well, with a reasonable and similar set of physical parameters for both the early bump and the main peak, strengthening support for the magnetar-powered model. In the future, modeling of the double-peaked SLSNe-I will become more feasible as more events are discovered before the early bump.