Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural analysis of the northeastern Mohns Ridge

A structural analysis of the northeastern Mohns Rid ge situated in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea has been conducted using bathymetric data acquired duri ng surveys in 2000 and 2001. Fault pattern and volcanic features are interpreted from this bathyme try as well as dip, length and displacement. These measurements have further been used to produce faul t m ps, profiles and models. The study area comprises the oblique spreading northern Mohns Ridg e, the orthogonal spreading Mohns-Knipovich Ridge Bend and the southernmost highly oblique spre ading Knipovich Ridge. Spreading rates lie between the slowand ultraslow class of spreading ridges and the ridge is characterized by a deep rif t valley. Observations and interpretations of relay structure s illustrate how faults link together and grow in b oth horizontal and vertical direction. Maximum displace ment-length relation of the study area conforms to maximum displacement-length data from continental r ift settings and other fault populations in spite o f differences in crustal thickness and rheology. The study area has been subdivided at segment scale . Area 1 is situated in between two axial volcanic ridges (AVRs) and area 2 has an AVR directly adjace nt in the rift valley. Area 1 is characterized by rather symmetric fault geometry and in profile the faults are equally spaced and show a slight decreas e in dip as distance off-axis increases. In contrast area 2 is characterized by great variations in topographic expression. It is characterized by seve ral outward facing low-angle detachment faults with varying degrees of displacement as well as basins s ituated off-axis in relation to the detachment faul t. These outwards facing faults have previously been i nterpreted to represent core complexes based on petrologic data although they are not structurally confined. Analysis has better confined these structures and their characteristics and proposed e volutionary models are presented. It is further suggested that several evolutionary stages of core complex formation is present in area 2. The relative thermal state of the lithosphere is in ferred to be the main reason for the difference in topographic characterization. It is suggested that higher heat flow and lithospheric temperatures at t he AVRs result in local elevation of the brittle-ducti le transition altering the rheological properties. This interplay between magmatic (volcanic) and amagmatic (tectonic) accretion is believed to result in oceanic core complex formation. Lateral termination of core complexes has not earlier been subject for debate. The higher heat flow and lithospheric tempe ratures in the vicinity of the AVR are believed to result in the lateral faults not propagating past t he locally elevated brittle-ductile transition. Thi s principal appears to conform to data from core comp lexes identified further south along the MidAtlantic Ridge.
The Integration of Ontologies and RFID NFC in Healthcare

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology uses wireless technology to seamlessly identify a large amount of tagged objects within a close proximity. With the increase of Smart Phone adoption and the continual advances in the technologies present for users, there have been many applications available to the public. One of the recent additions to mainstream Smart Phones is Near Field Communication (NFC) technology which will allow the devices to read RFID tags allowing it to become a cheaper and mainstream alternative for RFID readers. In this paper, we propose a methodology that takes advantage of NFC capabilities and intelligent ontology software to provide health professionals with an efficient method of delivering treatments to patients. We then conclude this study with a discussion of the strengths and potential drawbacks of the proposed methodology.
Glycemic Profiles and Their Diagnostic Value among Inpatients in a Cardiology Clinic

Background: Most patients in cardiology clinics have diabetes mellitus (DM). Therefore, glucose monitoring is very important for these patients. Routinely, only fasting glucose is measured but not postprandial glucose and HbA1c; thus, the correlation between diabetes frequency and cardiac diagnosis in cardiology inpatients is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the glucose abnormalities in inpatient cardiology clinics and their relationship with the diagnosis of heart disease. Material and method: 309 patients (107 F/202 M; mean age 63.4 ± 13 years) hospitalized in cardiology clinic between December 2009 and February 2010 was recruited to the study. Admission glucose level, body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose level after stabilization, 2-hour postprandial glucose levels, HbA1c and diagnosis were recorded for all subjects. Patients were evaluated as DM (+), DM (-), and new-onset DM. Cardiac diagnoses were classified as acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and others. Pre-diabetes was defined based on fasting/random glucose and HbA1c concentrations among the non-diabetic patients. Results: 108 (35%) of patients had DM, whereas 39 patients (12.6%) had unknown diabetes. Glucose profile of subjects with new-onset DM was similar to that of DM (+) patients. The remaining 162 patients (52.4%) were free of DM although 53 of them (32.7%) had prediabetes. Prediabetes was diagnosed in 17.1% of all patients. No difference was detected between ACS and Others regarding DM frequency. Admission/fasting glucose and HbA1c levels were found to be higher in ACS patients (p: 0.02). Prediabetic patients with ACS had higher admission and fasting glucose and also HbA1c levels than those with others.
Large‐scale movements and high‐use areas of western Pacific leatherback turtles, Dermochelys coriacea

The western Pacific leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), one of three genetically distinct stocks in the Indo-Pacific region, has declined markedly during past decades. This metapopulation nests year-round at beaches of several western Pacific island nations and has been documented through genetic analysis and telemetry studies to occur in multiple regions of the Pacific Ocean. To provide a large-scale perspective of their movements, high-use areas, and habitat associations, we report and synthesize results of 126 satellite telemetry deployments conducted on leatherbacks at western Pacific nesting beaches and at one eastern Pacific foraging ground during 2000-2007. A Bayesian switching state-space model was applied to raw Argos-acquired surface locations to estimate daily positions and behavioral mode (either transiting or area-restricted search) for each turtle. Monthly areas of high use were identified for post- nesting periods using kernel density estimation. There was a clear separation of migratory destinations for boreal summer vs. boreal winter nesters. Leatherbacks that nested during boreal summer moved into Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) of the temperate North Pacific Ocean or into tropical waters of the South China Sea. Turtles that nested during boreal winter moved into temperate and tropical LMEs of the southern hemisphere. Area-restricted search occurred in temperate and tropical waters at diverse pelagic and coastal regions exhibiting a wide range of oceanographic features, including mesoscale eddies, coastal retention areas, current boundaries, or stationary fronts, all of which are known mechanisms for aggregating leatherback prey. Use of the most distant and temperate foraging ground, the California Current LME, required a 10-12 month trans-Pacific migration and commonly involved multiple years of migrating between high-latitude summer foraging grounds and low-latitude eastern tropical Pacific wintering areas without returning to western Pacific nesting beaches. In contrast, tropical foraging destinations were reached within 5-7 months and appeared to support year-round foraging, potentially allowing a more rapid return to nesting beaches. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that demographic differences are likely among nesting females using different LMEs of the Indo-Pacific. The differences in movements and foraging strategies underscore the importance of and the need for ecosystem-based management and coordinated Pacific-wide conservation efforts.
A New Cross-National Time Series Indicator of Bureaucratic Quality

In this paper, a new indicator of bureaucratic quality is developed that has extensive coverage across countries (175) and time (1960-2000), based on data collection from the World Development Indicators and the International Finance Statistics databases. Both anecdotal and econometric evidence suggest this new indicator could prove a useful institutional tool for empirical researchers, particularly with respect to panel data analyses.
The Effects of Fiscal Policy on Economic Growth: Empirical Evidences Based on Time Series Data from Pakistan

This study investigates the effectiveness of fiscal policy and its impact on macroeconomic activities in Pakistan during the period 1972–2008. It examines the role of fiscal policy under democratic and military regimes. Recognising the shortcomings of traditional procedures, this study adopts modern econometric techniques to identify the effects of fiscal policy on macroeconomic activities. The sensitivity analysis procedure has been carried out to select the robust variables, which are not sensitive to different econometric techniques. Dynamic simulations have also been performed to observe the reaction of unexpected structural and policy shocks. Using Auto Regressive Distribute Lag (ARDL) model, we find that the overall fiscal deficit exerts a negative effect on economic growth in the long run. Hence, this study concludes that expansionary fiscal contraction occurs in Pakistan. In order to estimate short-run dynamics, we use the Error Correction Mechanism (ECM). In the short run, the overall fiscal deficit has a significant impact on economic growth. The study recommends that the budget deficit should be in the narrow band of 3 to 4 percent of GDP. Beyond this limit, the unsustainable budget deficit could have undesirable macroeconomic costs and the government’s macroeconomic objectives such as low inflation and high economic growth might be in jeopardy. The government should also curtail non-productive expenditures. Particular attention should be given to the Public Sector Development Plan (PSDP), as it is the complementary of private investment and has a long-term impact on macroeconomic activities.
An examination of the influence of thermokarst activity on Artic Lake sediment methanogenesis

Accelerated warming in the Arctic contributes to the formation of landscape features known as thermokarsts, or ground surface depressions created by the thermal degradation of permafrost. As a significant portion of the global carbon pool is stored in high latitude ecosystems, it is of concern that accelerated permafrost thaw and the resulting formation of thermokarst features along lake margins may act as a positive feedback to climate warming by influencing the delivery of methanogenic substrates to arctic lake sediments. We designed an experiment to determine how thermokarst features may impact arctic lake sediment methanogenesis. We investigated 3 lakes with the presence of a thermokarst feature adjacent to their banks, and 3 lakes without this landscape feature in the foothills of the Brooks Range, Alaska. Using a sediment core incubation method, methanogenesis, methane oxidation and net sediment CH4 flux to the water column were compared between lake types. Although a significant difference in CH4 production was not found between lake types, a negative trend was found between methanogenesis and distance from shoreline in both lake types. Sediment traps served as a proxy to assess material delivered by an adjacent thermokarst feature. Although sedimentation rates were significantly greater in traps near a thermokarsting shore than those opposite, the organic matter content in the traps was lower near thermokarsts. Regression models suggested that the catchment area/lake area ratio, water column DOC (mg/L), dissolved oxygen (mg/L) and glacial till were the most useful variables for predicting sediment methanogenesis in arctic lakes. However, our study does not suggest that thermokarst activity along lake shores enhances methanogenesis in lake sediments.
PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND IMMUNOCOMPETENCE PARAMETERS OF NAKED NECK AND NORMALLY FEATHERED CHICKEN GENOTYPES GOT FROM DIFFERENT MATERNAL LINES

Productive performance, humoral, cell-mediated immunities and phagocytic ability were examined in naked neck (Nana) and normally feathered (nana) genotypes got from different maternal lines (Brown and White Hy-line breeder hens). Cell-mediated immunity was examined by Phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) assay at 30 wk of age. At 32 and 34 wk of age, 20 birds from each genotype within dam line were injected by sheep red blood cells (SRBCs), and blood samples were collected at 7 and 14 d post-primary and secondry injection (PPI and PSI, respectively). Phagocytic ability was measured by carbon clearance assay at 35 of age. Regarding adaptability, comb and wattle lengths were significantly increased by the naked neck gene allowing for increasing heat dissipation. In the absence of interaction, the presence of Na gene significantly increased egg number compared to normal feathered counterparts. Also, the naked neck hens had larger egg weight. With respect to immunocompetence parameters, the results showed that the naked neck genotype had significantly (P < 0.05) higher total antibody titers to SRBCs than its nana counterparts. In both dam lines, the naked neck genotype had significantly faster carbon clearance ability than the nana sibs.
Americas Conference on Information Systems ( AMCIS ) December 2002 IDENTIFYING AND DISTINGUISHING MANIFEST AND LATENT EFFECTS OF IT : A CASE STUDY OF PACKAGED SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION

In small businesses, IT often results in end-users having increased responsibility in multiple aspects of a business process and across functional areas. End-users may prefer the autonomy they gain by having more control over their business responsibilities, however, at the same time they may feel isolated. As a result of end-user isolation the need for social interaction becomes more pronounced creating end-user distraction. This is counterproductive to the intended goals of the IT investment. Qualitative data from a case study are used to demonstrate the importance of identifying both intended and unintended consequences. The paper employs a systems dynamics approach to explain how inadvertent second-order (latent) effects such as unproductive social habits can be predicted and prevented. A key result of the study is that, ironically, endusers discover ways to use IT as a social mechanism. Managerial implications of this study are discussed that can help both IT practitioners and management when implementing commercial packaged software in small businesses.
Topological defects from the multiverse

Many theories of the early universe predict the existence of a multiverse where bubbles continuously nucleate giving rise to observers in their interior. In this paper, we point out that topological defects of several dimensionalities will also be produced in de Sitter like regions of the multiverse. In particular, defects could be spontaneously nucleated in our parent vacuum. We study the evolution of these defects as they collide with and propagate inside of our bubble. We estimate the present distribution of defects in the observable part of the universe. The expected number of such nearby defects turns out to be quite small, even for the highest nucleation rate. We also study collisions of strings and domain walls with our bubble in our past light cone. We obtain simulated full-sky maps of the loci of such collisions, and find their angular size distribution. Similarly to what happens in the case of bubble collisions, the prospect of detecting any collisions of our bubble with ambient defects is greatly enhanced in the case where the cosmological constant of our parent vacuum is much higher than the vacuum energy density during inflation in our bubble.
The Distributional Effects of Contractual Norms: The Case of Cropshare Agreements

Share contracts are common in principal-agent relationships when returns are uncertain and it is costly to measure the agent’s contribution. Well-known examples of these types of arrangements include sales commissions for real estate agents, contingency fees for attorneys, and cropshare contracts used in agriculture. An empirical feature of these contracts is that the shares specified are often based on focal points or historical norms, and seem excessively uniform given large and observable differences among the contracting parties. Using extensive survey data on cropshare contracts in Illinois, I test the hypothesis that contractual norms have measurable effects on factor returns. I find that tenants on higher-quality farmland capture a sizable portion of the land rent, controlling for nonlabor inputs, differences in labor quality, assortative matching effects, and riskiness in returns. Because the existence of a contractual norm is a valuable form of social capital for the bargaining parties, I argue that these distributional effects do not necessarily imply economic inefficiency.
A community profile of Internet use in a low-income health clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - DOI: 10.3395/reciis.v7i2.800en

The Internet has revolutionized how people communicate and access information. As this technology becomes increasingly widespread and affordable around the world, it is fundamental to understand how and why people access information online and the role it plays in daily life. Gaps in both Internet access and literacy may further polarize socioeconomic groups. This study sought to create a community profile on Internet use and health-seeking behavior in a low-income population. Researchers conducted both oral questionnaires (n=102) and qualitative interviews (n=17) at a public primary health clinic that caters to a nearby slum complex, during a four-week time period. Of all participants, 60.8% reported using the Internet. The study found that Internet use for health-related information and help was present but not prevalent among participants. According to this study, doctor-patient relationships have only partially permeated the virtual sphere, yet knowledge of available online health information is widespread. Results in this study encourage the use of Internet resources in the implementation of community level public health interventions.
Adem, diagnostic dilemma, a tertiary care hospital experience:

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an uncommon inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that usually occurs following a viral infection or vaccination, bacterial or parasitic infection, or even spontaneously. ADEM is a monophasic; poly symptomatic disorder but it may present with various combinations of motor, sensory, visual and cognitive symptoms. Some case reports of ADEM presented as psychiatric disorders primarily as confusion psychosis and at times dissociative disorder. At times, the diagnosis becomes a dilemma due to multifaceted picture. Due to confusion physician may go to extreme range of tests with no specific conclusion. Debates regarding exact diagnosis have always been there. Reports regarding ADEM are lacking from our country. The aim of our study is to look for the presenting features of the disease and the path to final diagnosis.
Performance and Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens Supplemented with Potassium Chloride in Drinking Water Under Environmental Heat Stress

Background and Objective: Broiler reared above the condition of thermoneutral zone will be vulnerable to environmental heat stress and exhibit behavioural and physiological changes. This study is to evaluate the effects of supplementation of potassium chloride (KCl) in drinking water on broiler performance and physiological responses under conditions of environmental heat stress. Methodology: A total of 200 days old broiler chicks were evaluated in this study. They were randomly divided into 20 plots and reared for 5 weeks. A completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications were assigned in this study. The treatments were symbolized as R0, R1, R2, R3 and R4, which is respectively supplemented with KCl as much as 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00% (w/v) in drinking water. Variables observed were feed and water intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, the amount of potassium, sodium and chloride absorbed, mortality, the panting percentage, cloacal temperature, numbers of leukocytes and blood pH. Results: The results indicated that the supplementation of KCl in drinking water did not significantly (p>0.05) affect the panting percentage, however, significantly (p<0.05) affected the feed and water intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, the amount of potassium, sodium and chloride absorbed, cloacal temperature, numbers of leukocytes and blood pH. Conclusion: It was concluded that the supplementation of 0.50% KCl in drinking water was the optimal level for improving performance and physiological response of broiler chickens under environmental heat stress condition.
Leaf morphoanatomy traits in white grapevine cultivars with distinct geographical origin

This study aims to compare the leaf morphoanatomical characteristics of seven Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera white cultivars with different geographical origin, grown side by side at the same “terroir”. The leaf morphoanatomical traits analyzed under light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed large variability among genotypes. Significant differences between cultivars were observed in single leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf density and in the thickness of cuticle, upper and lower epidermal cells and mesophyll. Leaf dry mass per area presented a significant positive correlation with leaf density but showed no correlation with leaf thickness, results that can be explained by the quite different mesophyll structure, epidermal cells and cuticle thickness. ‘Alvarinho’, ‘Encruzado’, ‘Macabeu’ and ‘Viosinho’ were the cultivars with the highest thickness of cuticle and mesophyll tissues. Under SEM magnification three types of stomata were identified: sunken, at the same level and raised above, with the same level type presenting the higher percentage in all cultivars. Stomata density presented significant differences between cultivars, with ‘Macabeu’ showing the highest value and ‘Alvarinho’ and ‘Arinto’ the lowest ones. The hairs on the lower surface presented a similar woolly aspect in all cultivars. Calcium oxalate crystals, raphids and druses were visible and widely distributed in the parenchyma tissues. The observed differences in leaf traits among genotypes suggest a major role of leaf anatomy in determining grapevine capacity for coping with different environmental conditions.
Earthworm diversity and ecosystem services in agriculture ? Choosing appropriate taxon indicators and measurements.

Agriculture and biodiversity are strongly linked. Whilst agriculture is a main driver impacting biodiversity, farmers could benefit from ecosystem services linked to biodiversity. Hence, indicators of functional biodiversity are needed. However, finding correct indicator values is not trivial. Earthworms were sampled on nine German farms with a combined method. In total 3205 earthworms from 10 species were collected. Six measurements applicable as taxon indicators were calculated for the data. Keywords: soil diversity, interpolation, extrapolation, biodiversity indices, biodiversity estimators