Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of different rates of selenium on grain Se concentration and yield of MR219 rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Selenium (Se) is one of the important micronutrient for human and animal. There is a relationship between the level of selenium in food system and the levels of plant-available Selenium in soil. This study was carried out on rice to observe the effects of addition of different Selenium rates on yield and Se concentration in rice. A filed trial carried out with five different Selenium rates did not show significant effects on MR219 rice variety yield, grain Selenium concentration and soil Selenium concentration.
Manipulation of Phytoene Levels in Tomato Fruit: Effects on Isoprenoids, Plastids, and Intermediary Metabolism[W]

In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), phytoene synthase-1 (PSY-1) is the key biosynthetic enzyme responsible for the synthesis of fruit carotenoids. To further our understanding of carotenoid formation in tomato fruit, we characterized the effect of constitutive expression of an additional tomato Psy-1 gene product. A quantitative data set defining levels of carotenoid/isoprenoid gene expression, enzyme activities, and metabolites was generated from fruit that showed the greatest perturbation in carotenoid content. Transcriptional upregulation, resulting in increased enzyme activities and metabolites, occurred only in the case of Psy-1, Psy-2, and lycopene cyclase B. For reactions involving 1-deoxy-d-xylulose5-phosphate synthase, geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, phytoene desaturase, ζ-carotene desaturase, carotene isomerase, and lycopene β-cyclase, there were no correlations between gene expression, enzyme activities, and metabolites. Perturbations in carotenoid composition were associated with changes in plastid type and with chromoplast-like structures arising prematurely during fruit development. The levels of >120 known metabolites were determined. Comparison with the wild type illustrated that key metabolites (sucrose, glucose/fructose, and Glu) and sectors of intermediary metabolism (e.g., trichloroacetic acid cycle intermediates and fatty acids) in the Psy-1 transgenic mature green fruit resembled changes in metabolism associated with fruit ripening. General fruit developmental and ripening properties, such as ethylene production and fruit firmness, were unaffected. Therefore, it appears that the changes to pigmentation, plastid type, and metabolism associated with Psy-1 overexpression are not connected with the ripening process.
A Turing Test for the singing voice as an Anthropological Tool: epistemological and Technical Issues

In this paper we propose the design and implementation of a Turing Test (TT) for the research of the singing voice. Although the TT is mainly related to the research field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), being used both as a criterion and an operational guide by the scientists of this field, with the present paper we attempt to introduce a rather different approach to the TT. Given the fact of various disputes over the validity of the TT as a criterion of AI, one might argue that the TT is nothing more than a ‘philosophical fossil’, a left-over and remainder of past and outdated philosophical assumptions about the nature of human intelligence. The problem of an unavoidable subjectivity in the results of TT experiments has strengthen the question about the usefulness of the TT as a research means. Our goal is to introduce a new scope for the use of the TT not as a criterion of intelligence but as an ‘instrument’ for tracing certain features of human judgment in various fields. Pretty much in the fashion of a Transcendental philosophical stance, we face the TT as a procedure in which what is judged is judgement itself. Specifically, in the present paper we attempt to exhibit the way in which a TT can be used to trace and highlight features of human judgment regarding the singing voice.
ICFP : G : Curry-Howard for Callbacks

Event-driven programming has become an increasingly popular programming model for lightweight concurrency. It has been used successfully in applications ranging from message-passing in Concurrent ML [10] to asynchronous I/O operations in Node.js [11] to the dynamic behavior of GUIs in eXene [3], among many others. The unifying idea is that an event is a computation that executes independently from other events and can eventually return a value. Unfortunately, event-driven programming can be difficult because it is based on a combination of features that do not play well together: callbacks and state. Callbacks are higher-order first-class functions. When combined with stateful abstractions like Ivars in OCaml’s Async library [7] or Promises in Scala [5], the resulting programs can be convoluted and errorprone. Many event-driven languages have tried to alleviate this difficulty by introducing various abstractions for serializing and synchronizing events. Unfortunately this has been done in a somewhat ad hoc way, resulting in many competing abstractions formulated in slightly different ways. For example, while events in Go [1] and Lwt [12] are thought of as lightweight threads, in Scala they are thought of as write-once shared state in the form of Futures [5], and in Concurrent ML they are thought of as concurrent processes [10]. This work aims to understand the space of eventdriven programming by identifying the structures common to it with an intuitive perspective from temporal logic. Under this interpretation, an event is a computation that can eventually return a value, and so we identify its type with the “eventually” proposition A of temporal logic.
Multiple sclerosis and occult gluten sensitivity

Two atypical patients with a multiple sclerosis (MS)–like illness and evidence of occult celiac disease (CD) were managed by the authors. This prompted screening of a further 49 unselected MS cases for serologic evidence of CD. IgA anti-endomysial antibody was found in one case (2%). IgG anti-gliadin antibody was found in 12% of patients and 13% of blood donors. Anti-gliadin antibody (especially IgG isotype) can be a nonspecific finding.
Eccentric contraction: unraveling mechanisms of force enhancement and energy conservation

ABSTRACT During the past century, physiologists have made steady progress in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of muscle contraction. However, this progress has so far failed to definitively explain the high force and low energy cost of eccentric muscle contraction. Hypotheses that have been proposed to explain increased muscle force during active stretch include cross-bridge mechanisms, sarcomere and half-sarcomere length non-uniformity, and engagement of a structural element upon muscle activation. The available evidence suggests that force enhancement results from an interaction between an elastic element in muscle sarcomeres, which is engaged upon activation, and the cross-bridges, which interact with the elastic elements to regulate their length and stiffness. Similarities between titin-based residual force enhancement in vertebrate muscle and twitchin-based ‘catch’ in invertebrate muscle suggest evolutionary homology. The winding filament hypothesis suggests plausible molecular mechanisms for effects of both Ca2+ influx and cross-bridge cycling on titin in active muscle. This hypothesis proposes that the N2A region of titin binds to actin upon Ca2+ influx, and that the PEVK region of titin winds on the thin filaments during force development because the cross-bridges not only translate but also rotate the thin filaments. Simulations demonstrate that a muscle model based on the winding filament hypothesis can predict residual force enhancement on the descending limb of the length–tension curve in muscles during eccentric contraction. A kinematic model of titin winding based on sarcomere geometry makes testable predictions about titin isoforms in different muscles. Ongoing research is aimed at testing these predictions and elucidating the biochemistry of the underlying protein interactions. Summary: This review suggests novel mechanisms for muscle eccentric contraction based on interactions among myosin, actin and titin.
LVII Postural Vertigo Due to Unilateral Sudden Partial Loss of Vestibular Function

The main characteristics of this group have been a rapid onset of severe vertigo without deafness or signs of central nervous system disease followed by a gradual decrease in vertigo during the next few days or weeks with however a persistence of severe vertigo upon postural changes. This postural vertigo has then persisted for periods of a few weeks to over three and a half years. Seven of these cases which have been observed recently are included in this group. All were in the fifth, sixth or seventh decades of life at the time of the acute onset. The histopathologic findings in one of these provided the explanation for the acute attack and evidence bearing on the clinical course.
Bi-level Modelling of False Data Injection Attacks on Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow

Conventional power system was originally designed to provide efficient and reliable power. With the integration of information technology and advanced metering infrastructure, the power grid has become smart. The smart meters have allowed the system operators to continuously monitor the power system in real time and take necessary action to avoid system failures. Malicious actor, with access to the smart meters can modify sensor measurements to disrupt the operation of power system. To make the power system resilient to such cyber-attacks, it is important to study all possible outcomes of cyber-intrusions. In this paper, we present an attack on security constrained optimum power flow. We show with the help of case studies how an attacker, by injecting false data in load measurement sensors, can force system operator to change the dispatch and hence make the power system N–1 in-compliant. The attack is modeled as a bi-level optimization problem, aiming to find the minimum set of sensors required to launch the attack. From the system operator's perspective, critical lines and critical generators vulnerable to false data injection (FDI) attack are identified. IEEE 14 bus and 30 bus test systems are used to test the vulnerability of the power system against FDI attacks.
The Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R).

WHY: Like others with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), older adults respond to traumatic events with symptoms of re-experiencing, emotional numbing, behavioral avoidance, and increased physiological arousal. Because of age-related changes and associated disease processes, stress reaction in older adults may lead to a deterioration of function and a worsening of existing conditions. Therefore, older adults should be considered a high risk group following a disaster or specific traumatic event. Several factors in adapting to a disaster have been recognized as important in the older adult: an increased sense of insecurity and vulnerability; a loss of sense of control and predictability; a need to reaffirm familiar relationships, attachments and routines; and to remain independent. The impact of a disaster on the elderly can be magnified by chronic illness and medication, sensory limitations, mobility impairment, and literacy that place the older adult in the special needs population after a disaster. For all of these reasons it is important to evaluate an older adult’s response to a disaster to detect those who are in danger of decompensating.
Hybrid Beamforming Based on Implicit Channel State Information for Millimeter Wave Links

Hybrid beamforming provides a promising solution to achieve high data rate transmission at millimeter waves. Implementing hybrid beamforming at a transceiver based on available channel state information is a common solution. However, many reference methods ignore the complexity of channel estimation for large antenna arrays or subsequent steps, such as the singular value decomposition of a channel matrix. To this end, we present a low-complexity scheme that exploits implicit channel knowledge to facilitate the design of hybrid beamforming for frequency-selective fading channels. The implicit channel knowledge can be interpreted as couplings between all possible pairs of analog beamforming vectors at the transmitter and receiver over the surrounding channel. Instead of calculating mutual information between large antenna arrays, we focus on small-size coupling matrices between beam patterns selected by using appropriate key parameters as performance indicators. This converts the complicated hybrid beamforming problem to a much simpler one: it amounts to collecting different sets of the large-power coupling coefficients to construct multiple alternatives for an effective channel matrix. Then, the set yielding the largest Frobenius norm (or the largest absolute value of the determinant) of the effective channel provides the solution to the hybrid beamforming problem. It turns out that the proposed method does not require information on MIMO channel and can be simply implemented by the received correlated pilot signals that are supposed to be used for channel estimation.
Development of feature detectors by self-organization. A network model.

We present a two-layered network of linear neurons that organizes itself as to extract the complete information contained in a set of presented patterns. The weights between layers obey a Hebbian rule. We propose a local anti-Hebbian rule for lateral, hierarchically organized weights within the output layer. This rule forces the activities of the output units to become uncorrelated and the lateral weights to vanish. The weights between layers converge to the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix of input patterns, i.e., the network performs a principal component analysis, yielding all principal components. As a consequence of the proposed learning scheme, the output units become detectors of orthogonal features, similar to ones found in the brain of mammals.
The inhibitory potential of Fc receptor homolog 4 on memory B cells

Fc receptor homolog 4 (FcRH4) is a B cell-specific member of the recently identified family of FcRHs whose intracellular domain contains three potential immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). The signaling potential of this receptor, shown here to be preferentially expressed by memory B cells, was compared with the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIb in B cells expressing either WT FcγRIIb or chimeric proteins in which the intracellular domain of FcRH4 was fused to the transmembrane and extracellular domains of FcγRIIb. Coligation of the FcγRIIb/FcRH4 chimeric protein with the B cell receptor (BCR) led to tyrosine phosphorylation of the two membrane-distal tyrosines and profound inhibition of BCR-mediated calcium mobilization, whole cell tyrosine phosphorylation, and mitogen-activated protein (MAP)-kinase activation. Mutational analysis of the FcRH4 cytoplasmic region indicated that the two membrane-distal ITIMs are essential for this inhibitory potential. Phosphopeptides corresponding to these ITIMs could bind the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2, which associated with the WT FcRH4 and with mutants having inhibitory capability. These findings indicate the potential for FcRH4 to abort B cell receptor signaling by recruiting SHP-1 and SHP-2 to its two membrane distal ITIMs.
Requirements Engineering in the Development Process of Web Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

This work has been partially supported by the Programa de Fomento y Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion (PROFAPI) from the Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa (Mexico), and the MANTRA project (GRE09-17) from the University of Alicante, Spain, and GV/2011/035 from the Valencia Government.
Probucol and multivitamins in the prevention of restenosis after coronary angioplasty. Multivitamins and Probucol Study Group.

BACKGROUND Oxidizing metabolites generated at the site of coronary angioplasty can induce chain reactions that may lead to restenosis. Antioxidants may counter oxidative stress and modify neointimal formation and vascular remodeling. Experimental data and small clinical studies have suggested that antioxidants may prevent restenosis after angioplasty. In a double-blind, randomized trial, we studied whether drugs with antioxidant properties decrease the incidence and severity of restenosis after angioplasty. METHODS One month before angioplasty, 317 patients were randomly assigned to receive one of four treatments: placebo, probucol (500 mg), multivitamins (30,000 IU of beta carotene, 500 mg of vitamin C, and 700 IU of vitamin E), or both probucol and multivitamins-all given twice daily. Patients were treated for four weeks before and six months after angioplasty. Patients received an extra 1000 mg of probucol, 2000 IU of vitamin E, both probucol and vitamin E, or placebo 12 hours before angioplasty, according to their treatment assignments. Base-line and follow-up angiograms were interpreted by blinded investigators using a quantitative approach. RESULTS The mean (+/-SD) reduction in luminal diameter six months after angioplasty was 0.12 +/- 0.41 mm in the probucol group, 0.22 +/- 0.46 mm in the combined-treatment group, 0.33 +/- 0.51 in the multivitamin group, and 0.38 +/- 0.50 mm in the placebo group (P = 0.006 for those receiving vs. those not receiving probucol, and P = 0.70 for those receiving vs. those not receiving vitamins. Restenosis rates per segment were 20.7 percent in the probucol group, 28.9 percent in the combined-treatment group, 40.3 percent in the multivitamin group, and 38.9 percent in the placebo group (P = 0.003 for probucol vs. no probucol). The rates of repeat angioplasty were 11.2 percent. 16.2 percent, 24.4 percent, and 26.6 percent, respectively (P = 0.009 for probucol vs. no probucol). CONCLUSIONS The antioxidant probucol is effective in reducing the rate of restenosis after balloon coronary angioplasty.
A collective human mobility analysis method based on data usage detail records

ABSTRACT Human mobility patterns have been widely investigated due to their application in a wide variety of fields, for example urban planning and epidemiology. Many studies have introduced spatial networks into human mobility analyses at the collective level. However, these studies merely analyzed spatial network structure, and the underlying collective mobility patterns were not further discussed. In this paper, we propose a collective mobility discovery method based on community differences (CMDCD). We constructed spatial networks where nodes represent geographical entities and edge weights denote collective mobility intensity between geographical entities. The differences between communities detected from the networks constructed in different periods were then identified. Since collective spatial movement has a large influence on network structure, we can discover groups with different mobility patterns based on community differences. By applying the method to data usage detail records collected from the cellular networks in a city of China, we analyzed different collective mobility patterns between the Spring Festival vacation and workdays. The experimental results show that our method can solve these two problems of identifying community differences and discovering users with different mobility patterns simultaneously. Moreover, the CMDCD method is an integrated approach to discover groups whose mobility patterns have changed in different periods at the large spatial scale and the small spatial scale. The discovered collective mobility patterns can be used to guide urban planning, traffic forecasting, urban resource allocation, providing new insights into human mobility patterns and spatial interaction analyses.
Compared to controls, patients with ruptured aneurysm and surgical intervention show increase in symptoms of depression and lower cognitive performance, but their objective sleep is not affected

Abstract Objectives. Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) have impaired sleep and cognitive performance together with more difficulties in social and everyday life. Hypocortisolism has also been reported. However, a study assessing all dimensions between aSAH severity, objective and subjective sleep, cortisol secretion, cognitive performance and social and everyday life has not so far been performed. The aim of the present study was therefore two-fold: (1) to assess, in a sample of patients with aSAH, objective and subjective sleep, cognitive functioning, social skills and cortisol secretion concurrently, and (2) to compare patients on these variables with a control group. Methods. Twenty-one patients (17 females; mean age: 58.80 years) with ruptured aneurysm and surgical intervention and 21 (14 females; mean age: 58.90 years) age- and gender-matched controls took part in the study. Assessments covered objective sleep-EGG recordings, subjective sleep, salivary cortisol analysis, and psychological functioning including memory performance, mood, and emotion recognition. Results. Compared to healthy controls, patients had lower scores for verbal memory performance and emotion recognition; they also reported more marked depressive symptoms and complained of poor sleep. However, no differences were found for objective sleep or cortisol secretion. Subjective and objective sleep, cortisol secretion and psychological functioning were unrelated. Conclusions. Findings indicate that patients with aSAH face psychological rather than physiological issues.
Xigris Drotrecogin alfa ( activated ) DESCRIPTION

DESCRIPTION Xigris (drotrecogin alfa (activated)) is a recombinant form of human Activated Protein C. An established human cell line possessing the complementary DNA for the inactive human Protein C zymogen secretes the protein into the fermentation medium. Fermentation is carried out in a nutrient medium containing the antibiotic geneticin sulfate. Geneticin sulfate is not detectable in the final product. Human Protein C is enzymatically activated by cleavage with thrombin and subsequently purified.
A multifunctional plasmid-encoded replication initiation protein both recruits and positions an active helicase at the replication origin

The DnaA replication initiation protein has been shown to be essential for DNA strand opening at the AT-rich region of the replication origin of the Escherichia coli chromosome as well as serving to recruit and position the DnaB replicative helicase at this open region. Homologues of the dnaA gene of E. coli have been found in most bacterial species, and the DnaA protein has been shown to be required for the initiation of replication of both chromosomal and plasmid DNA. For several plasmid elements it has been found that a plasmid-encoded initiation protein is required along with the DnaA protein to bring about opening of the AT-rich region at the replication origin. The broad host range plasmid RK2 encodes two forms of its replication initiation protein (TrfA-33 and TrfA-44) that differ by an additional 98 aa at the N terminus of the larger (TrfA-44) form. Both forms initiate replication of RK2 in E. coli in vitro by a DnaA-dependent mechanism. However, as shown in this study, TrfA-44 specifically interacts with the DnaB replicative helicase of Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and initiates the formation of a prepriming open complex in the absence of DnaA protein. Thus, the TrfA-44 initiation protein has the multifunctional properties of recruiting and positioning an active form of the DnaB helicase at the RK2 replication origin by a DnaA-independent process. This unique property for a replication initiation protein undoubtedly plays an important role in extending the host range of the RK2 antibiotic resistance plasmid.