Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectra of gpt mutations in ethylnitrosourea‐treated and untreated transgenic mice

We have established a new transgenic mouse mutagenicity assay for the efficient detection of point mutations and deletions in vivo (Nohmi et al. [1996] Env. Mol. Mutagen. 28:465–470). In this assay, the gpt gene of Escherichia coli is used as a reporter for the detection of point mutations. Treatment of mice with ethylnitrosourea (ENU, 150 mg/kg) enhances by several‐fold the mutant frequency of gpt in bone marrow. Here, we report the mutation spectra of the gpt gene recovered from bone marrow of ENU‐treated and untreated transgenic mice. In the gpt mutants rescued from ENU‐treated mice, more than 90% of the mutations were base change mutations; the predominant types were A:T to T:A transversions and G:C to A:T transitions. On the contrary, in the mutants rescued from untreated mice, 54% were base substitutions and the remainders were short deletions and insertions. Among untreated mice, the most frequently observed base substitution was G:C to A:T transitions (7/14 mutants). Three of these occurred at 5′‐CpG‐3′ sites. Interestingly, the mutation spectra of the gpt gene were different from those of the gpt gene in ENU‐treated and untreated E.coli, whereas they were similar to those of the lacZ and lacI genes in ENU‐treated and untreated other transgenic mice or cultured mammalian cells. We also report the establishment of homozygous transgenic mice that have transgene λEG10 DNA in both chromosome 17 of C57BL/6J mouse. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 34:1–8, 1999 © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tailoring Conversational UX through the Lens of Dialogue Complexity

Interactions with conversational systems take diverse forms across applications and individual users. In order to develop intelligent systems that can accommodate these diverse conversational user experience (UX) needs and preferences, meanwhile balancing implementation costs, we propose a computationdriven approach to profile conversational interactions by measuring dialogue complexity of user inputs in multiple dimensions. To inform system adaption designs, we propose to conduct comparative conversation analysis and user experiments, in order to develop classified UX guidelines for conversational interactions with different complexity profiles.
Regional cerebral cortical thinning in bipolar disorder.

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to explore differences in cortical thickness between subjects with bipolar disorder and healthy comparison subjects using cortical surface-based analysis. METHODS Brain magnetic resonance images were acquired from 25 subjects with bipolar disorder and 21 healthy comparison subjects. Cortical surface-based analysis was conducted using the Freesurfer application. Group differences in cortical thickness, defined by the distance from gray/white boundary to the pial surface, were assessed using statistical difference maps. RESULTS Subjects with bipolar disorder exhibited significantly decreased cortical thickness in left cingulate cortex, left middle frontal cortex, left middle occipital cortex, right medial frontal cortex, right angular cortex, right fusiform cortex and bilateral postcentral cortices, relative to healthy comparison subjects (all p < 0.001). Duration of illness in bipolar subjects was inversely correlated with the cortical thickness of the left middle frontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Cortical thinning was present in multiple prefrontal cortices in bipolar disorder. There was also cortical thinning in sensory and sensory association cortices, which has not been reported in previous studies using region-of-interest or voxel-based morphometry methods. Cortical thinning observed in the current study may be related to impairment of emotional, cognitive, and sensory processing in bipolar disorder but longitudinal studies will be necessary to test this hypothesis.
[Insulin receptor substrate-1 and glucose transporter gene polymorphisms in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and diabetic neophropathy (DN). METHODS Aminoacid polymorphism in codon 972 of IRS-1 gene and the polymorphic Xba I site of GLUT1 gene were analyzed by PCR-RFLP in 131 patients with NIDDM and 124 normal subjects. DN was defined as persistent albuminuria and/or impaired renal function, without known cause of renal diseases other than diabetes. Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and body mass index (BMI) were also calculated. RESULTS The distribution of IRS-1 gene polymorphism showed no difference between patients with NIDDM and normal controls. The frequencies of Xba I (+/-) genotype (59% vs. 33%, P < 0.01) and Xba I (-) allele (37% vs. 21%, P < 0.01) were significantly higher in NIDDM patients than in normal subjects. To further explore the linkage of GLUT1 gene polymorphism with DN, we examined the GLUT1 genotype of NIDDM patients with or without renal damage. The frequency of Xba I (+/-) genotype (75% vs. 44%, P < 0.01) and Xba I (-) allele (44% vs. 29%, P < 0.05) was significantly higher in NIDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy than either those without nephropathy or normal subjects. However, there were no significant differences of GLUT1 genotype and allele frequency in NIDDM patients without nephropathy and normal controls. The presence of Xba I (-) allele appeared to have a strong association with the development of diabetic nephropathy. The odds ratio was 1.915, and the 95% confidence interval was 1.044-3.514. The association of Xba I (-) allele of GLUT1 gene with NIDDM partly reflected their close association with DN. Although there was no correlation between the gene polymorphism of GLUT1 and BMI, patients carrying the Xba I (-) allele showed a lower ISI. CONCLUSION No association was found between the gene polymorphism of IRS-1 and NIDDM. THe Xba I (-) allele of GLUT1 gene might be taken as a genetic marker of NIDDM with diabetic nephropathy and this genetic susceptibility appears to be associated with the insulin resistance in patients with NIDDM.
Microbial acid production (Clinpro Cario L-Pop) and dental caries in infants and children.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the Clinpro Cario-L-Pop test as it relates to dental caries rates and severity in infants and children. METHOD AND MATERIALS The study population was comprised of 771 infants and children who were on average 5.2 years of age (range of 1.5 to 8 years of age). Examiners conducted dental caries clinical examination using established criteria. In addition, lesion severity was determined be measuring its depth. An indicator swab was applied to the tongue dorsum until completely moistened with saliva. The indicator swab was processed according to the manufacturer's instructions, and acid production was assessed with the aid of a color chart. RESULTS Twenty-three percent of children were caries free, and 7% (n = 50) of participants were categorized as having low production of lactic acid (scores 1 to 3), 17% (n = 135) moderate production of lactic acid (scores 4 to 6), and 76% (n = 586) high production of lactic acid (scores 7 to 9). There was a tendency for moderate and high lactic acid formers to exhibit higher surface-based caries prevalence rates, higher rates for deep dentinal lesions, and increased lesion severity. There was a linear increase of white spot surface-based lesions from low to high lactic acid formers and for initial dentinal lesions. Clinpro Cario-L-Pop test results, when controlling for age and gender, significantly distinguished caries-free participants from those exhibiting any form of decay. CONCLUSION These results suggest that Clinpro Cario-L-Pop test was useful in explaining elevated frequency and severity of dental caries in spite of the high levels of decay and of microbial acid production observed in this population.
Towards a Privacy Policy Enforcement Middleware with Location Intelligence

Information privacy is usually concerned with the confidentiality of personally identifiable information (PII), such as electronic medical records. Nowadays, Web services are used to support different applications which may contain PII, such as healthcare applications. Thus, the information access control mechanism for Web services must be embedded into privacy-enhancing technologies. Further as application goes mobile and ubiquitous, location become an important determinant for enforcing privacy constraints. On the other hand, role-based access control (RBAC) model has been widely investigated and applied into various applications for a period of time. This paper presents a privacy access control policy enforcement model extended from RBAC with location intelligence for Web services-based applications. In addition, we illustrate the realization of this model with a middleware architecture. This paper also illustrates our proposed mechanism in the context of extensible access control markup language (XACML) and WS-policy constraints.
[Surgical treatment of chronic empyema].

One hundred fifty-four patients with chronic empyema have been reviewed. Various surgical procedures have been done to control the chronic empyema and complicating bronchopleural, pleurocutaneous or bronchopleural cutaneous fistulas. Drainage was relatively ineffectual in controlling the empyema, but was a valuable preliminary procedure in many patients to reduce the toxicity of the infection. When drainage failed and further surgery was not accomplished, the mortality rate was excessive. Thoracoplasty and resection were useful procedures in chronic complicated empyema, but with each procedure there was a significant number of failures. Decortication was most successful in this problem except when bronchopleural or bronchopleural cutaneous fistulas complicated the empyema. Thoracomediastinal plication was the most effective of the procedures reviewed for controlling the empyema even in the presence of bronchopleural, pleurocutaneous or bronchopleural cutaneous fistulas and has the advantage of being applicable following failure of the other corrective surgical procedures.
Amyloidosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis treated with Hormones

Experimental evidence suggests thattreatment with cortisone orACTHincreases therate ofaccumulation oftissue amyloid. ThusTeilum (1952) has shownthatmicepreviously treated withcasein in doses insufficient tocause amyloidosis accumulate amyloid quickly inthespleen after asmall number ofinjections ofcortisone. Latvalahti (1953) has confirmed this observation andhasshownthat mice given either cortisone orACTHdevelop amyloidosis muchmorefrequently whengiven caseinate than micegivencaseinate alone. Similar studies have beenmadebyPerasalo (1954). Widespread amyloidosis ofsecondary distribution isnowrecognized withconsiderable frequency in rheumatoid arthritis (Missen andTaylor, 1956; Cruickshank, 1957). Forsometimeithasseemed possible thattheincidence ofamyloidosis inthis disease mayberising astheresult ofthewidespread therapeutic useofcortisone andother steroids and ofACTH. Thealternative possibility, thatan apparent increase intheincidence ofamyloidosis mayhaveresulted fromcontemporary interest inthe pathological characteristics ofrheumatoid arthritis, hasreceived less attention. Morethan10years haveelapsed since theintroduction ofcortisone therapy. Itappears reasonable toexamine theavailable records ofcases ofrheumatoidarthritis whichhavecometonecropsy inthis centre inanattempt toanswer thequestion posedbytheprovocative experimental evidence.
Increased cardio-ankle vascular index in hyperlipidemic patients without diabetes or hypertension.

AIM The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a sensitive non-invasive marker of arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis. The aim of this work was to compare the CAVI values in patients with dyslipidemia (without diabetes mellitus and hypertension) and healthy controls. METHODS A Total 248 subjects with dyslipidemia (104 men, 144 women), 55.0 (95% CI 30-70) years of age with combined hyperlipidemia or primary hypercholesterolemia and 537 healthy controls (244 men, 293 women) 40.0 (95% CI 26-62) years of age were included in this study. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 and B levels. The LDL cholesterol level was also calculated, and the CAVI was measured using the VaSera(®) 1500 system. RESULTS The CAVI values were significantly higher in the dyslipidemic patients (8.08, 95% CI 6.00-10.05) than in the controls (7.11, 95% CI 5.77-9.05; p < 0.01). In addition, the CAVI values were elevated in both subgroups of patients with hypercholesterolemia (7.95, 95% CI 5.85-6.90; p < 0.01) and combined hyperlipidemia (8.30, 95% CI 6.60-10.15; p < 0.01) in comparison with those observed in the controls. After adopting the propensity score method in order to balance the confounding factors (age, gender, body mass index) and adjust the analysis for diastolic blood pressure, the CAVI values in the dyslipidemic patients remained significantly high (7.78, 95% CI 5.80-9.69) compared to that observed in the controls (7.31, 95% CI 5.44-9.35; p < 0.001). However, the CAVI values did not differ significantly between the controls and both subgroups of dyslipidemic patients(primary hypercholesterolemia, combined hyperlipidemia). CONCLUSIONS The present findings demonstrated that dyslipidemia increases the CAVI values in comparison to that seen in healthy subjects.
Algoritmos PMV-MBPC para conforto térmico em edificações e aplicação em uma célula-teste

Este artigo trata o problema de controle de conforto termico para ocupantes de edificacoes. Conforto termico e um conceito de dificil definicao e neste trabalho, utilisa-ze indice PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) para sua avaliacao. Atraves deste indice, duas estrategias de controle preditivo caracterizadas por ter restricoes terminais, denominadas aqui de PMV-MBPC (PMV Model Based Predictive Controller), sao apresentadas. Na primeira estrategia, a gestao do conforto termico e realizada atraves da geracao de sinais de referesencia para o controlador, que otimiza o valor de PMV dentro de uma zona termica da edificacao. Na segunda, o modelo de PMV esta incluso nos calculos de previsao do controlador, gerando um modelo nao-linear com estrutura Wiener. Resultados relacionados com a garantia de estabilidade do sistema em malha fechada sao propostos. Neste contexto, um ambiente para testes (celula-teste) de sistemas de controle e descrita e a primeira abordagem e entao implementada em tempo real neste ambiente usando um aquecedor a oleo. Resultados experimentais ilustram o desempenho do sistema controle para conforto termico. Adicionalmente, resultados de simulacao, conduzidos com dados climaticos horarios, ilustram tambem o desempenho dos algoritmos de controle.
The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for chemical binding to tubulin in oocytes leading to aneuploid offspring

The Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) has launched the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) Programme to advance knowledge of pathways of toxicity and improve the use of mechanistic information in risk assessment. An AOP links a molecular initiating event (MIE) to an adverse outcome (AO) through intermediate key events (KE). Here, we present the scientific evidence in support of an AOP whereby chemicals that bind to tubulin cause microtubule depolymerization resulting in spindle disorganization followed by altered chromosome alignment and segregation and the generation of aneuploidy in female germ cells, ultimately leading to aneuploidy in the offspring. Aneuploidy, an abnormal number of chromosomes that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number, is a well‐known cause of human disease and represents a major cause of infertility, pregnancy failure, and serious genetic disorders in the offspring. Among chemicals that induce aneuploidy in female germ cells, a large majority impairs microtubule dynamics and spindle function. Colchicine, a prototypical chemical that binds to tubulin and causes microtubule depolymerization, is used here to illustrate the AOP. This AOP is specific to female germ cells exposed during the periovulation period. Although the majority of the data come from rodent studies, the available evidence suggests that the MIE and KEs are conserved across species and would occur in human oocytes. The development of AOPs related to mutagenicity in germ cells is expected to aid the identification of potential hazards to germ cell genomic integrity and support regulatory efforts to protect population health. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 57:87–113, 2016. © 2015 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada.
Stability Analysis in Dynamics of Plant – Herbivore System With Mating Induced Allee Effect

Insect herbivores are hypothesized to be major factors affecting the ecology and evolution of plants. Earlier, plant-herbivore models were phrased in terms of total vegetation biomass and total herbivore population. Allee effect is an important dynamics phenomenon believed to be manifested in several population process, notably extinction and invasion. In this paper, a discrete-time plant-herbivore model with mating induced Allee effect is investigated. We obtain asymptotically stable conditions of the equilibrium points which are subject to the Allee effect. The Allee effect which occurs on plant population is discussed by stability and numerical analysis. This study suggests that Allee effect has stabilizing effect on Plant-Herbivore system.
Sensitivity of psychiatric diagnosis based on the best estimate procedure.

OBJECTIVE A "best estimate" diagnosis is one made by expert clinicians on the basis of diagnostic information from direct interview conducted by another clinician plus information from medical records and from reports of family members. The authors address the question of whether the best estimate procedure can enhance the classification of psychiatric diagnoses of subjects who are interviewed directly. METHOD Four hundred seventy-five subjects were interviewed directly: 201 opiate-addicted probands who sought treatment from a university-based clinic and 274 of their spouses and/or first-degree relatives. Subjects were interviewed by trained clinical assessors using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia and classified according to Research Diagnostic Criteria. Two psychologists independently diagnosed the same subjects by applying the best estimate procedure. Lifetime rates of major and minor depressive disorder, antisocial personality, alcoholism, and drug abuse were calculated. The rates of diagnoses made on the basis of direct interviews alone were compared with the rates of diagnoses made according to the best estimate procedure. RESULTS Higher rates of diagnoses of all four disorders were made when the best estimate procedure was applied than when direct interview alone was used; the best estimate procedure also resulted in a minimal rate of false positives. CONCLUSIONS The higher rate of diagnoses based on the best estimate procedure may represent an enhancement in the accuracy of psychiatric diagnoses or an increase in erroneous diagnoses. The authors consider the second possibility less likely.
Impacts of leadership styles, job satisfaction, and job characteristics on public servants' organizational commitment

This study sought to investigate relevant issues concerning the influences of leadership styles, job satisfaction, and job characteristics on Vietnamese public servants' organizational commitment. Among them, only leadership styles and job characteristics were found to have strong impacts on organizational commitment. The results of the current study were discussed at the end of the paper, along with some suggestions for public sector practitioners.
Comparison of low and high calcium requiring forms of the calcium-activated neutral protease (CANP) from rabbit skeletal muscle.

Two distinct calcium-dependent neutral proteases (CANPs) with different sensitivities to calcium ions were purified concurrently by almost the same procedures from rabbit skeletal muscle and their enzymatic properties were compared (sensitivity to various divalent metal ions, the pH dependency and heat-stability of the activity, and the hydrolytic activity towards various substrates). They were further compared chemically in terms of the state of thiol groups, the amino acid compositions of subunits and the peptide fragments by digestion with S. aureus V8 protease. The low calcium requiring form of CANP (microCANP) was more sensitive to other divalent metal ions such as Sr2+ and Ba2+ than the high calcium requiring form of CANP (mCANP). The comparison of the pH dependency of these CANP activities showed that microCANP was active in a broader pH range than mCANP and the former was more heat-stable than the latter. Both CANPs had similar affinity to various substrates, but the hydrolytic velocity was several times higher with microCANP than with mCANP. Although they were inhibited by thiol protease inhibitors to the same extent, the states of thiol groups in them were quite different. The thiol group involved in the catalytic activity of the enzyme was exposed without adding Ca2+ in microCANP, whereas the group in mCANP became exposed only when sufficient Ca2+ was added. The large subunits of these two CANPs were different in their amino acid compositions and in the peptide fragment patterns produced by S. aureus V8 protease but the small subunits were indistinguishable from each other. These results led us to conclude that these two CANPs are quite different in nature and are not in a simple relationship, i.e., one of them is not derived from the other by autolysis or modification.
Narcotic and nicotine effects on the neonatal auditory system

To evaluate narcotic and nicotine effects on the neonatal auditory system, brain stem auditory evoked responses were recorded in 15 infants prenatally exposed to both narcotics and nicotine (median gestational age 38.4 weeks, median birth weight 2820g), in 15 nicotine exposed infants (gestational age 40.0 weeks, birth weight 3000g) and in 24 healthy term infants (gestational age 40.1 weeks, birth weight 3310g) who served as controls. Whereas nicotine‐exposed and control infants were similar in all brain stem auditory evoked response measurements, narcotic/nicotine infants had bilaterally increased wave V latencies (left:p=0.005; right:p=0.04) and I‐V intervals (left:p=0.02; right:p=0.01) when compared to controls. Our findings suggest that prenatal narcotic but not nicotine exposure negatively affects maturation or integrity of the neonatal auditory brain stem tract and that neither narcotic nor nicotine exposure is associated with hearing loss in the neonate.
Similar user set based on SLIM for top-N recommendations

Sparse Linear Method (SLIM) recommendation algorithm is developed for Top-N recommender system, which has better performance than existing algorithms. However, the limitation of the algorithm is that only the similarity between items evaluated by at least one user can be calculated. In this paper, we propose a method based on similar user set to improve the performance of SLIM algorithm. We calculate the similarity between users by the original scoring matrix, and then divide the user into multiple similar user sets. We optimize the coefficient matrix by calculating the similarity degree of the similar user set to the item. And the result indicates that our method based on similar user sets has better recommendation effect on sparse matrix.