Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DOES TOPICAL USE OF GENTAMICIN REDUCE THE INFECTION RATE IN PRIMARY TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY?

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether the topical use of gentamicin reduces periprosthetic joint infection rates in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated two cohorts of patients who underwent primary THA in a university hospital, with a minimum of 1-year postoperative follow-up and full clinical, laboratory, and radiological documentation. Patients who underwent operation in the first 59 months of the study period (263 hips) received only intravenous cefazolin as antibiotic prophylaxis (Cef group), and those who underwent operation in the following 43 months (170 hips) received intravenous cefazolin plus topical gentamicin directly applied on the wound as antibiotic prophylaxis (Cef + Gen group). For the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection, we used the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Data were analyzed using the Fisher exact test, and p values of <0.05 were considered significant. Results: Thirteen hips (4.9%) in the Cef group and eight hips (4.7%) in the Cef + Gen group presented periprosthetic joint infection. Statistical analysis revealed no difference between the infection rates (p = 1.0). Conclusion: Topical gentamicin as used in this study did not reduce periprosthetic joint infection rates in primary THA. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective comparative study.
Recent Advances in Tuberculosis Drug Development

The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis is a growing disease worldwide. The lack of safe and effective drugs, together with the frequent development of adverse drug reactions could result in worse condition. Therefore, new drugs able to booster the current tuberculosis treatment regimen are urgently required. Novel drugs that are effective and safe against Mycobacterium tuberculosis are required to reduce the number of drugs and the duration of treatment in both drug-susceptible tuberculosis and multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. Due to increased number of multidrugresistant and extensively drug-resistant strains and the ineffectiveness of the current treatment against latent tuberculosis are challenges to be overcome in future. The scenario of drug discovery becomes upsetting when it is considered that the number of new drugs does not increase proportionally to the emergence of drug resistance. In this review, we will demonstrate the recent advances in anti-tubercular drug discovery, centre of attention on the research of compounds with potent anti-tuberculosis activity against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis strains. Although, the best treatment regimen for achieving better results and preventing adverse drug reactions remains yet to be determined, with safety concerns regarding cardiac events due to QT prolongation still to be addressed. Therefore a simple and short treatment with higher efficacy, and lesser adverse drug reactions and drug-drug interaction is expected for patients with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Assessment of Preoperative Liver Function for Surgical Decision Making in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background: Most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have underlying liver disease and a preoperative liver function evaluation is important to avoid postoperative liver failure and death. In Western guidelines, portal hypertension (PH) is listed as a contraindication for liver resection. On the other hand, the indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min (ICG R15) has been widely used in Asian countries for surgical decision making. However, these criteria are based on reports published in the 20th century that included only a small number of patients and were developed empirically. Summary: The number of published case series concerning liver resection in HCC patients with PH has been rapidly increasing since 2011, indicating that liver resection in HCC patients with PH is now routinely performed in specialized centers worldwide. Although PH certainly has an impact and should be considered as a contraindication for major liver resection, it is no longer considered to be a contraindication for minor liver resection, especially laparoscopic liver resection. In addition, new biomarkers and imaging tools to assess preoperative liver function have been extensively reported. The combination of these new factors to well-known risk factors, such as PH and ICG R15, might strengthen the ability to stratify the risk of postoperative liver failure. Key Messages: The present review covers recent topics regarding the assessment of preoperative liver function for surgical decision making in patients with HCC.
On the usage of the Singular Spectrum Analysis for precision estimation and editing of total atmospheric delay time series

We use Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) for precision estimation of time series of total zenith atmospheric delay for a list of European GNSS data stations proceed in Main Astronomical Observatory GNSS processing centre. The series are downloadable at ftp://ftp.mao. kiev.ua/pub/gnss/products/IGS05/. Analysis of the principal components of the series allowed us to clean the series by removing noise out of them. With the capabilities of SSA some gaps in the data were filled out.
Reimagining Work: Normative Commonplaces and Their Effects on Accessibility in Workplaces

This article investigates how normative attitudes about work construct barriers to workers who are blind and visually impaired. The researcher collected narratives about rhetorical experiences from blind and visually impaired participants in the United States and analyzed accounts of these workplace interactions to identify rhetorical commonplaces that drive arguments about work. These commonplaces reveal the ableist assumptions that construct access barriers and constrain rhetorical possibilities for disabled workers’ self-advocacy. The author proposes that business and professional communication students and practitioners should engage in collaborative approaches to flexible thinking and leadership necessary for reimagining work in ways that promote accessibility.
Cancer‐associated thrombosis: Where do we stand?

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Cancer patients have a four to sevenfold increased risk of VTE compared with non‐cancer patients and approximately 20%‐30% of all VTE occurs in patients with cancer. Numerous clinical and biologic risk factors predispose cancer patients to VTE, including cancer‐directed treatments, tumor site of origin, and circulating mediators produced by tumor cells. Along with clinical risk factors, measurable markers of increased risk such as elevations of the platelet or leukocyte counts, soluble P‐selectin, and D‐dimer have been integrated to develop numerous risk stratification scores to predict those patients at high risk for cancer‐associated VTE. Utilizing risk stratification models, recent studies have examined the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for primary thromboprophylaxis of VTE, with promising results. Treatment of cancer‐associated VTE is currently evolving. The long‐accepted standard of care, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), is currently being compared with the DOACs in clinical trials. Trials to date using edoxaban and rivaroxaban have found that DOACs are non‐inferior to LMWH for the secondary prevention of cancer‐associated VTE but may result in an increased rate of bleeding, especially in certain patient groups. Additional studies are ongoing and will be necessary to further define optimal VTE treatment for many cancer patient subpopulations.
Aplikasi Fuzzy C-means Clusteringuntuk Mengelompokkan Data Gempabumi Di Provinsi Bengkulu

This study aims to cluster earthquake events in Bengkulu Province and describe the characteristics of each group based on clustering results. The method used is Fuzzy c-Means Clustering. The clustering results show that although clustering is formed based on the location of latitude, longitude, and depth, the data is only clumped by depth. Based on the XB index and the Silhouette index the three best clustering sequences are clustering using 2 clusters, 5 clusters, 8 clusters.
Comparison of Different Approaches for Adapting Mutation Probabilities in Genetic Algorithms

Traditionally in Genetic Algorithms, the mutation probability parameter maintains a constant value during the search. However, an important difficulty is to determine a priori which probability value is the best suited for a given problem. In this paper we compare three different adaptive algorithms that include strategies to modify the mutation probability without external control. One adaptive strategy uses the genetic diversity present in the population to update the mutation probability. Other strategy is based on the ideas of reinforcement learning and the last one varies the probabilities of mutation depending on the fitness values of the solution. All these strategies eliminate a very expensive computational phase related to the pre-tuning of the algorithmic parameters. The empirical comparisons show that if the genetic algorithm uses the genetic diversity, as the strategy for adapting the mutation probability outperforms the other two strategies.
Functional analysis of soccer game

Balance is known as an important factor in many athletic skills which its weakness is related to some injuries such as ankle or knee instability or pain, knee Osteoarthritis and acute ankle sprain. The goal of this research is to study the effect of balancing and resistive selected exercise on young footballers' dynamic balance. In this study thirty six young footballers (Age: 18.22±0.83 year, Height: 173±5.73 cm, Weight: 62.1±6.88) participated as volunteers and were divided randomly in three groups of Experimental 1 (Resistive), Experimental 2 (Balancing) and Control. Subjects dynamic balance in pre-test and post-test was measured using Biodex balance system. Experimental Group 1 and 2 took part in an eight-week designed program of balance and resistive exercises. Descriptive statistics methods, ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test in significance level of p<0.05 were utilized for statistical analysis. They showed which there is a significant difference among three groups in subjects dynamic balance after balance and resistive exercises, while balance exercises showed much improvement in comparison to resistive exercises in subjects dynamic balance. (p<0.05). Results confirmed the significant influence of these exercises on subjects’ dynamic balance. According to the results, using balance and resistive exercises can be recommended in order to improve athlete’s dynamic balance and injury probability decrease.
Enhancement of intestinal mucosal immunity and immune response to the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine by oral administration of danggui buxue decoction

This study investigated the effect of Danggui Buxue decoction (DBD) on the immunity of an O-type foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine and intestinal mucosal immunity. SPF KM mice were continuously and orally administered DBD for 5 d and then inoculated with an O-type FMD vaccine. The contents of a specific IgG antibody and its isotypes IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 in serum and SIgA in duodenal mucosa were determined by ELISA at 1 and 3 W after the 2nd immunization. qRT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-33 in the spleen, and mRNA expression levels of J-chain, pIgR, BAFF, APRIL, IL-10, IFN-γ and IL-33 in the duodenum. The results showed that compared with the control group, oral administration of DBD significantly increased levels of the anti-FMD virus (FMDV)-specific antibodies IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a in the serum of O-type FMD vaccine-immunized mice 1 W after the 2nd immunization (P < 0.05), upregulated mRNA expression levels of spleen lymphocyte cytokines IL-4 and IL-33 (P < 0.05), promoted the secretion of SIgA in duodenal mucosa (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of J-chain, pIgR, BAFF, APRIL, IL-10, and IL-33 in duodenal tissues were upregulated (P < 0.05). This study indicates that DBD has a good promotion effect on the O-type FMD vaccine and the potential to be an oral immune booster.
Changes in prenatal testing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted healthcare delivery, including prenatal care. The study objective was to assess if timing of routine prenatal testing changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Retrospective observational cohort study using claims data from a regional insurer (Highmark) and electronic health record data from two academic health systems (Penn Medicine and Yale New Haven) to compare prenatal testing timing in the pre-pandemic (03/10/2018–12/31/2018 and 03/10/2019–12/31/2019) and early COVID-19 pandemic (03/10/2020–12/31/2020) periods. Primary outcomes were second trimester fetal anatomy ultrasounds and gestational diabetes (GDM) testing. A secondary analysis examined first trimester ultrasounds. Results The three datasets included 31,474 pregnant patients. Mean gestational age for second trimester anatomy ultrasounds increased from the pre-pandemic to COVID-19 period (Highmark 19.4 vs. 19.6 weeks; Penn: 20.1 vs. 20.4 weeks; Yale: 18.8 vs. 19.2 weeks, all p < 0.001). There was a detectable decrease in the proportion of patients who completed the anatomy survey <20 weeks' gestation across datasets, which did not persist at <23 weeks' gestation. There were no consistent changes in timing of GDM screening. There were significant reductions in the proportion of patients with first trimester ultrasounds in the academic institutions (Penn: 57.7% vs. 40.6% and Yale: 78.7% vs. 65.5%, both p < 0.001) but not Highmark. Findings were similar with multivariable adjustment. Conclusion While some prenatal testing happened later in pregnancy during the pandemic, pregnant patients continued to receive appropriately timed testing. Despite disruptions in care delivery, prenatal screening remained a priority for patients and providers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Identification of the hub genes related to adipose tissue metabolism of bovine

Due to the demand for high-quality animal protein, there has been consistent interest in how to obtain more high-quality beef. As well-known, the adipose content of beef has a close connection with the taste and quality of beef, and cattle with different energy or protein diet have corresponding effects on the lipid metabolism of beef. Thus, we performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) with subcutaneous adipose genes from Norwegian red heifers fed different diets to identify hub genes regulating bovine lipid metabolism. For this purpose, the RNA sequencing data of subcutaneous adipose tissue of 12-month-old Norwegian red heifers (n = 48) with different energy or protein levels were selected from the GEO database, and 7,630 genes with the largest variation were selected for WGCNA analysis. Then, three modules were selected as hub genes candidate modules according to the correlation between modules and phenotypes, including pink, magenta and grey60 modules. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that genes were related to metabolism, and participated in Rap, MAPK, AMPK, VEGF signaling pathways, and so forth. Combined gene interaction network analysis using Cytoscape software, eight hub genes of lipid metabolism were identified, including TIA1, LOC516108, SNAPC4, CPSF2, ZNF574, CLASRP, MED15 and U2AF2. Further, the expression levels of hub genes in the cattle tissue were also measured to verify the results, and we found hub genes in higher expression in muscle and adipose tissue in adult cattle. In summary, we predicted the key genes of lipid metabolism in the subcutaneous adipose tissue that were affected by the intake of various energy diets to find the hub genes that coordinate lipid metabolism, which provide a theoretical basis for regulating beef quality.
A review of the diet, nutrients, and supplementation potential for the outcome augmentation in surgical treatment of peripheral nerve injuries

Objective Although the studies have shown the beneficial effects of diet, nutrition, and supplementation as an independent treatment modality, their roles are underestimated in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. This is in great part due to the development of efficient nerve repair techniques, combined with physical treatment and stimulation. To achieve the best possible functional recovery diet, nutrition, and supplementation should be implemented within a multidisciplinary approach. The aim of the study is to provide insight into the potentially beneficial effects of diet, nutrients, and supplementation, in the limitation of nerve damage and augmentation of the functional recovery after surgery in a review of human and animal studies. Methods The data relating to the diet, nutrients, and supplementation effects on peripheral nerve injuries and their treatment was extracted from the previously published literature. Results General balanced diet as well as obesity influence the initial nerve features prior to the injury. In the period following the injury, neuroprotective agents demonstrated beneficial effects prior to surgery, and immediately after the injury, while those potentiating nerve regeneration may be used after the surgical repair to complement the physical treatment and stimulation for improved functional recovery. Conclusions Standardized diet, nutrition, and supplementation recommendations and protocols may be of great importance for better nerve regeneration and functional recovery as a part of the multidisciplinary approach to achieve the best possible results in surgically treated patients with peripheral nerve injuries in the future.
Population genetic structure analysis and identification of backfat thickness loci of Chinese synthetic Yunan pigs

Yunan is a crossed lean meat pig breed in China. Backfat thickness is the gold standard for carcass quality grading. However, over 14 years after breed registration, the backfat of Yunan thickened and the consistency of backfat thickness decreased. Meanwhile, no genetic study has been ever performed on Yunan population. So, in this study we collected all the 120 nucleus individuals of Yunan and recorded six backfat traits of them, carried out population genetic structure analysis, selection signals analysis and genome-wide association study of Yunan pigs with the help of their founder population Duroc and Chinese native Huainan pigs, to determine the genomic loci on backfat of Yunan. Genetic diversity indexes suggested Yunan pigs had no inbreeding risk while population genetic structure showed they had few molecular pedigrees and were stratified. A total of 71 common selection signals affecting growth and fat deposition were detected by F ST and XP-CLR methods. 34 significant loci associated with six backfat traits were detected, among which a 1.40 Mb region on SSC4 (20.03–21.43 Mb) were outstanding as the strong region underlying backfat. This region was common with the results of selection signature analysis, former reported QTLs for backfat and was common for different kinds of backfat traits at different development stage. ENPP2, EXT1 and SLC30A8 genes around were fat deposition related genes and were of Huainan pig’s origin, among which Type 2 diabetes related gene SLC30A8 was the most reasonable for being in a 193.21 Kb haplotype block of the 1.40 Mb region. Our results had application value for conservation, mating and breeding improvement of backfat thickness of Yunan pigs and provided evidence for a human function gene might be reproduced in pigs.
Seizures and Epilepsy

Procedure Appropriateness Category Relative Radiation Level CT head without IV contrast Usually Appropriate ☢☢☢ MRI head without IV contrast Usually Appropriate O MRI head without and with IV contrast May Be Appropriate O CT head with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ CT head without and with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ FDG-PET/CT brain Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢☢ MEG Usually Not Appropriate O MRI functional (fMRI) head without IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O HMPAO SPECT or SPECT/CT brain ictal and interictal Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢
Reproductive cycle of the female Anisotremus scapularis (Tschudi, 1846) on the marine coast of Callao, basic knowledge to go towards its aquaculture

Anisotremus scapularis is an important commercial species in Perú, being a prioritized species for the development of its aquaculture. The aim of the study was to establish the A. scapularis female reproductive cycle and reproductive strategy on the marine coast of Callao, through a seasonal sampling of wild specimens. The specimen collection was carried out between January 2019 to December 2020. Eighty-one female specimens were collected, and biometric indices were calculated such as condition factor (K) or gonadosomatic index (GSI), among others. The phases of the reproductive cycle were established by ovary histology in association with a steroid profile analysis performed by GC-EI-MS/MS. The reproductive strategy of A. scapularis was classified as asynchronous spawning with indeterminate fecundity. The average size at first maturity calculated as L100 was 25.3 cm. The GSI distribution was significantly higher in the specimens collected in summer than in the specimens collected in other seasons. The plasma concentration of 17β-estradiol, androstenedione-4, and testosterone per reproductive cycle phase was statistically significant. The distribution of 17β-estradiol plasma concentration in the specimens classified as spawning capable was higher than the specimens classified in other reproductive phases. The spawning capable phase was significantly and positively associated with the summer and autumn seasons. Thus, was possible to propose that the spawning season begins in late spring and until the middle of autumn in the Callao coast area. The recorded superficial temperature and daylight hours per day performed in the specimen’s collection area, allowed us to propose a thermo-photoperiod program for the management of broodstock. This should include the first cycle with temperatures between 12.5 - 13.5°C with an 11/13 light/darkness photoperiod, then the temperature should be increased to 16 - 17°C, with a 13/11 light/darkness photoperiod as a second cycle. Although the results of this study are limited to a specific area of the Callao coast, establishing the reproductive cycle and the spawning dynamics of A. scapularis females associated with environmental parameters, provides basic knowledge to improve the aquaculture of this species.