Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutritional evaluation of whole plant maize ensiled at three chop lengths and fed to lactating dairy cows

Whole crop maize (Zea mays) was chopped at 3 lengths before ensiling; the maize was harvested with a precision chop harvester with screen apertures of either 9 cm2 (fine chopped maize), 36 cm2 (medium chopped maize), or no screen at all (coarse chopped maize). The 3 silages were each fed as a supplement to pasture to lactating dairy cows in 2 experiments. Although some of the variables measured to assess silage quality suggested that the preservation process may have deteriorated as length of chop increased, length of chop of maize generally appeared to have little effect on silage quality or milk production. In experiment 1, cows ate about 7 kg DM of pasture and 8-9 kg DM of maize silage per day. Mean daily milk yields for the cows offered fine, medium and coarse chopped silage were 18.0, 17.7 and 18.2 kg/cow, respectively. In experiment 2, where daily intakes of each maize silage covered the range of 0-10.7 kg DM/cow, regression analysis could not detect any differences in milk responses between chop lengths. We concluded that aspects other than nutritional considerations should determine the length of chop that farmers aim for when making maize silage; these include ease of compaction in the bunker to ensure the production of good quality silage, and fuel consumption during harvesting.
Comparison of the effect of sambiloto (AS 201-01) tablet and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on macrophage MIF expression in mice placenta infected with Plasmodium berghei

Objective: To compare the administration of sambiloto tablets (AS201-01) and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine phosphate tablets in pregnant mice infected by P. berghei on the expression of MIF in the placenta.Materials and Methods: Experimental laboratory research, 24 pregnant mice were divided into 4 groups with randomization, ie. non-infected, placebo, sambiloto (AS201-01) and DHP groups. On day 9 P. berghei was infected, on day 11 the treatment was given, day 15 the surgery was performed, placental samples were taken, immunohistochemical staining was given, and MIF expression was assessed.Results: The expression of MIF in the group not infected with P. berghei had the lowest mean, while the highest mean was found in the placebo group. Uninfected groups were not significantly different from sambiloto (AS201-01) tablet group. Sambiloto tablet group (AS201-01) had lower MIF expression than DHP group, but it was not significantly different. Sambiloto tablet group (AS201-01) showed lower MIF expression than placebo. MIF expression in DHP group was lower than that in placebo group. From the lowest, the MIF expressions were as follows: group not infected with P. berghei, group receiving sambiloto (AS201-01) tablet, DHP group and placebo group.Conclusion: MIF expression in the placenta of pregnant mice infected with P. berghei and receiving sambiloto (AS20-01) tablets was not different from those receiving DHP tablets.
Tracing the colonization of Madeira and the Canary Islands by Drosophila subobscura through the study of the rp49 gene region

Nucleotide variation at the nuclear ribosomal protein 49 (rp49) gene region has been analysed by fine restriction mapping in a sample of 47 lines from a population from Madeira. Five restriction‐site (out of 37 sites scored) and 3 length polymorphisms have been detected, resulting in 14 different haplotypes. This population shows less variation than both continental and Canary Island populations. The population from Madeira shows some differentiation from mainland populations, which does not favor the idea of extensive migration between the continent and Madeira. Chromosomal and restriction‐map variation of the rp49 region in D. subobscura populations, together with data on sequence comparison of this nuclear region in D. guanche and D. madeirensis clearly indicate that the Canary Islands underwent at least two colonization events from the nearby continent. Although the data for Madeira are compatible with a single colonization event by a continental sample polymorphic for gene arrangements O3 and O3 + 4, an alternative scenario with at least two colonization events seems more likely.
Seasonal Variation in Heavy Metal Content of Lake and Underground Water in Some Selected Towns around the Bosomtwe Crater Lake

The levels of Arsenic, Iron, Lead, Zinc, Chromium, Cadmium and Nickel in water samples from Lake Bosomtwe and Bore Holes in some towns around the Lake have been determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Varian AAS 220). The levels of Arsenic, Cadmium and Nickel were generally small and were below the detection limit of the instrument. The results showed seasonal variations in the mean levels of Pb, Fe, Zn and Cr in water from the Bosomtwe Crater Lake. There were significant correlations between the mean levels of Fe and Pb in the underground water in the two seasons whilst Zn and Cr showed weak correlation in underground water for the wet and dry seasons. The levels of the metals in the bore holes were generally below the WHO standard values compared to the levels of the metals in the water samples from the lake. The mean pH values for water samples from the bore holes in the towns around the Bosomtwe Crater Lake were within the WHO standard of 6.50-8.50. Keywords: Lake Bosomtwe, Borehole, Crater, Heavy metals, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.
Identification of guttation fluid proteins: the presence of pathogenesis‐related proteins in non‐infected barley plants

The main driving force behind water transport in plants is the air's low water potential. In the presence of high humidity, the transpiration process is halted and water transport is mainly sustained by the root pressure. The surplus of water following the removal of essential components (e.g. salts) is excreted by the plant via guttation through the hydathodes. When guttation occurs, the plant surface is wetted. These are the conditions that will allow epiphytic living, motile bacteria to move and to eventually enter the plant's interior via the hydathodes. The question arose as to whether the plant has developed a protection mechanism against motile bacteria in the vicinity of the hydathodes. Such a protection mechanism could use the well known pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. Indeed, an analysis of the guttation fluid using one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis showed a clustering of approximately 200 proteins, primarily with isoelectric points in the acidic pH. Proteins identified using electrospray ionization mass spectroscopic analysis and western blot analysis belong mostly to the family of PR-proteins suggesting a role in plant protection against invaders. The protein profile of the guttation fluid was remarkably modified by treating plants with methyl jasmonic acid suggesting that the protein composition of the guttation fluid is controlled by internal and/or external stimuli.
Miscanthus biomass production for energy in Europe and its potential contribution to decreasing fossil fuel carbon emissions

Field trials throughout Europe over the past 15 years have confirmed the potential for high biomass production from Miscanthus, a giant perennial rhizomatous grass with C4 photosynthesis. However, policies to promote the utilization of biomass crops require yield estimates that can be scaled up to regional, national and continental areas. The only way in which this information can be reliably provided is through the use of productivity models. Here, we describe MISCANMOD, a productivity model, which was used in conjunction with a GIS to plot potential, non‐water‐limited yields across Europe. Modelled rainfed yields were also calculated using a water balance approach based on FAO estimates of plant available water in the soil. The observed yields were consistent with modelled yields at 20 trial sites across Europe. We estimate that if Miscanthus was grown on 10% of suitable land area in the European Union (EU15), 231 TWh yr−1 of electricity could be generated, which is 9% of the gross electricity production in 2000. Using the same scenario, the total carbon mitigation could be 76 Mt C yr−1, which is about 9% of the EU total C emissions for the 1990 Kyoto Protocol baseline levels.
Certification rules for the fruit agri-business

Orcharding is an activity with a high multiplier effect on income and it represents one of the main alternatives for the generation of employment in the development of agribusiness in Brazil. Certification aims to raise the standards of quality, adding value to the product and may contribute to competitiveness in the fruit industry as it is an important requirement for entry the international market. This paper conducts a systematic review of the scientific literature about the trade requirements and procedures required for the export of fruit, mapping the intellectual production developed over the last ten years. The universe of data collection comprised databases (SciELO, Scopus and Science Direct), Brazilian journals and conference proceedings in the area, following a standard literature search for systematic coherent keywords. The results show that the consumer is more aware about the whole supply chain and that the certification produces benefits not only related to the production process but also associated to environmental and social sustainability.
No growth stimulation by CO2 enrichment in alpine glacier forefield plants

Since 1850, glaciers in the European Alps have lost around 40% of their original area, releasing bare forefields, which are colonized by alpine pioneer species, setting the scene for later successional stages. These expanding pioneer communities are likely less restricted by resources and competition than late‐successional systems. We thus hypothesized that rising atmospheric CO2 concentration will enhance plant growth in these high‐elevation communities. Nine characteristic, perennial glacier forefield species were assembled in microcosms and grown at a nearby experimental site in the Swiss Alps (2440 m a.s.l.). The communities were exposed to an elevated CO2 concentration of 580 ppm by free‐air CO2 enrichment for three seasons. Four study species were additionally grown in isolation in containers, half of which received a low dose of mineral fertilizer (25 kg N ha‐1 a‐1) in order to explore a potential nutrient limitation of the CO2 response. Responses of growth dynamics and peak season biomass of the two graminoid species, four forbs and three cushion forming species were analysed by repeated nondestructive assessments and a final biomass harvest. After three seasons, none of the species were stimulated by elevated CO2, irrespective of mineral nutrient addition, which by itself enhanced growth in the fertilized plants by +34% on average. Increased CO2 concentration did not affect total (above‐ plus belowground) biomass but reduced aboveground biomass by −35% across all species, even in the fast growing ones. This reduced aboveground biomass was associated with higher biomass partitioning to roots. Foliar nonstructural carbohydrate concentration increased and nitrogen concentration in leaves decreased under elevated CO2. We observed downward adjustment of photosynthetic capacity by on average −26% under long‐term exposure to 580 ppm CO2 (assessed in graminoids only). Our results indicate that glacier forefield pioneers, growing under harsh climatic conditions are not carbon limited at current atmospheric CO2 concentration.
Multi-scale modeling of multi-material adhesion

• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Fenologics characteristics of the Siciliano lemon tree on two rootstocks influenced by liming and boron addition

The current study was developed with disturbed samples of an Oxisol, in which Siciliano lemon trees seedlings (C. limon) were grafted on sour orange tree (C. aurantium) and rangpur lime tree (C. limonia). The experiment consisted of three basis saturation levels (50, 70 and 90 percent) and three boron doses (0.5; 1.5 and 4.5 mg dm-3) in the planting with 3x3x2 factorial experimental design with four replications. Mineral composition of the "Siciliano" lemon leaves as well as root system development in sour orange tree were higher than the rangpur lime tree. There was no effect in the interaction basis saturarion level and the boron doses for any of the evaluated parameters.
A new hybrid MCDM model for SME export financing

The purpose of this study is to propose a new model for sme export financing. In this study of 11 experts in the field of finance and exports have been used. The first step is to identify the factors of the fuzzy Delphi method was used to obtain the eight factors. These factors are include the structural, financial resources, legislation, financial market, finance system, export strategy, competitiveness and investment. In order to structuring and prioritizing the factors of fuzzy DEMATEL method was used. The DEMATEL method can convert the relationship between the causes and effects of criteria into an intelligible structural model of the system.The result of this method is that the legislative in priority.
Grade Change: Tracking Online Education in the United States.

Permission is hereby granted for all non-commercial use of this report provided that notification is given to bsrg@babson.edu and proper attribution is included. Commercial use may also be granted – inquire at bsrg@babson.edu. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Grade Change-Tracking Online Education in the United States is the eleventh annual report in this series on tracking online education in the United States. It was originally known as the Sloan Online Survey, in recognition of our founding sponsor, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. The Foundation saw the need for the first of these reports and continued that commitment, supporting this independent study, offering full privacy for all respondents as well as free distribution of all report publications. We thank them for this. We also thank our current partners, the Sloan Consortium and Pearson, for supporting our research with the same degree of independence and autonomy. Beginning in 2006, the College Board agreed to include our online enrollment questions as part of their Annual Survey of Colleges, providing increased coverage of all of US higher education institutions. We thank them for seeing the value in our reports, and being such a pleasure to work with. The report was edited and reviewed by Nate Ralph and we thank him for his suggestions, corrections, and careful attention to detail and consistency. As always, we would also like to thank the people most important to these survey reports: the thousands of respondents who took the time to provide us with such detailed and thoughtful responses. We understand you are very busy people, and appreciate your effort. These reports would not be possible without you, and we hope you find them useful. PARTNERS Pearson Pearson has brought a wide array of experience in higher education to this project and will be producing the e-book version of the report and an infographic highlighting the results. Pearson, the world's leading learning company, has global reach and market-leading businesses in education, business information and consumer publishing (NYSE: PSO). Pearson helps people and institutions break through to improved outcomes by providing innovative print and digital education materials, including personalized learning products such as MyLab and Mastering, education services including custom publishing, content-independent platforms including the EQUELLA digital repository, and the Pearson LearningStudio online learning platform and OpenClass online learning environment. The Sloan Consortium (Sloan-C) has been a long-time supporter and distributor of the national online learning reports in this series for the past ten …
Differences of physiological characteristics of taekwondo junior players vs pencak silat junior players

Introduction: Because of the fact that detailed data on the physiological characteristics of Pencak Silat are still limited. The primary purpose of this study to assess the physiological responses of Pencak Silat athletes and a secondary aim is to compare the physiological responses of Pencak Silat athletes with physiological responses of Taekwondo athletes. Material and Methods: This study has included 17 male junior martial art athletes (aged 15–16 years). This study requires all participants to completed one familiarization session and two experimental sessions. During the first session (laboratory condition), anthropometry was measured in the laboratory, and during the second session (on-court condition), the participants completed tests for anaerobic capacity (sprint test 60-m, vertical jump, push-ups, and sit-ups) and VO2max test. Results: The statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in anthropometry, vertical-jump, sit-ups, push-ups, and 60-m sprint results among TKD and PKS groups. Furthermore, the TKD group had significantly higher VO2max (p=0.015), when compared with the PKS group. Conclusion: The present investigation describes similar physiological characterizes, such as weight, height, BMI, BMR, body fat and also performances of vertical jump, situps, push-ups, and 60-m sprint tests among Taekwondo and Pencak Silat athletes. However, in comparison with junior Pencak Silat athletes, the junior Taekwondo athletes have better VO2max. Keyword: Indonesian Athlete, Anthropometry, Assessments, Measurements, Martial Arts. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Address for correspondence: Bagus Winata Institut Teknologi Bandung, Department of Sport Science, Bandung, Indonesia, E-mail: fransiskusasisibaguswinata@gmail.com Recevied: 04.12. 2019; Accepted: 24.02. 2020; Published online: 22.07. 2020 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Cite this article as: Apriantono T, Herman I, Winata B, Hasan M, Juniarsyah A, Ihsani S, Hidayat I, Safei I, Hindawan I. Differences of physiological characteristics of taekwondo junior players vs pencak silat junior players. Phys Activ Rev 2020; 8(2): 9-15. doi: 10.16926/par.2020. 08.16 Physical Activity Review, vol. 8(2), 2020 www.physactiv. eu _____________________________________________________________________________________
The effect of plane of nutrition on the carcasses of pigs and lambs when variations in fat content are excluded

1. From a review of the literature it has been shown that there are two opposing views regarding the best method of interpreting growth data, which arise from conflicting opinions as to the role of fat deposition in the growth of the animal.2. Data of McMeekan and Palsson and Verges have been re-analysed and their own results are compared with results obtained when the effects of variation in fat content are eliminated.3. No evidence has been found of any effect of plane of nutrition on the total weights of bone and muscle relative to the weight of bone plus muscle together.4. The weight of bone plus muscle in the head and neck was increased relative to the total weight of bone plus muscle during periods of restricted nutrition. Apart from this there was no clear evidence of a relationship between the order of maturity of the joints and their relative retardation of development.5. Huxley's allometry equation was found appropriate for standardising the measurements, and the exponent was taken as a numerical expression of the relative maturity of each tissue or part.
Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Dexmedetomidine (DEX) under Near Infrared Cerebral Spectroscopy (NIRS) in a Pediatric Epileptic Patient

Background : Presently, no study has been conducted using dexmedetomidine as single agent at maximal dose for drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) under near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring. Case Report : Following adenoidectomy for obstructing sleep apnea (OSA), a pediatric patient complained of “absence like” epilepsy. EEG confirmed an epileptiform focus and polysomnography evidenced persistent OSA. To exclude upper airway obstruction, we performed an uneventful DISE under ASA standard monitoring and cerebral NIRS, using DEX as single anesthetic. NIRS evidenced baseline oxygen saturation asymmetry linked to the epileptic focus, which symmetrically slightly decreased during DEX induction, but then remained steady throughout the prolonged examination under DEX as sole anesthetic. Hemodynamic and respiratory profiles did not require any compensatory intervention throughout the examination. Conclusion : According to our finding, DEX even at higher than recommended dose, appears effective and safe as single anesthetic in DISE for OSA in a pediatric epileptic patient.
Hard Decision Decoding of Multidimensional Turbo Product Codes Using Iterative Algorithm

:-In this paper we mainly deals about low complexity decoding and reliable form of communication system with less number of errors by using hard decision decoding with iterative algorithm . In this paper we also try to achieve the performance of soft decision decoding . The iterative algorithms we describe in this paper bit flip and modified bit flip algorithm with multidimensional turbo product codes with single parity
Ecological effects of deposited S and N compounds: effects on aquatic biota

Soft waters of upland streams and lakes are those most susceptible to change. Few, if any, ecological effects have been described resulting directly from enhanced S and N inputs to aquatic environments. Effects relate largely to changing levels of acidity-alkalinity; whether the stress effects relate to hydrogen alone or to related inhibition or enhancement of other ion uptake is rarely certain. Enhanced acidity also results in changing metal ion concentrations and speciation in freshwaters. The faunal and floral responses to these chemical changes are varied but in general a decrease in species diversity occurs which may lead to significant changes in community structure and in trophic relationships within the ecosystem. These latter changes may themselves play an important role in governing the presence or absence of many species.
Effect of cultivar and environment on the feeding value of Western Canadian wheat and barley samples with and without enzyme supplementation

The feeding value ofnine wheat cultivars grown in replicate in three locations in each of two crop years, and 14 barley cultivars grown in seven locations over three crop years was tested with or without an appropriate commercial enzyme using a broiler chick bioassay. Four pens of six male broilers were fed mash diets containing 80% of the test cereal with or without enzyme from 4 to 17 d. Digestibilities were determined using an acid insoluble ash marker at 1.1% of diet. Significant intraclass correlation coefficients between duplicate wheat samples suggested a common effect of the location, but their low to moderate values suggested the presence of random variation or variation due to unique growing conditions within location. For both wheat and barley samples, the growing location affected the feeding value of the cereal grain and subsequent broiler chick performance. Durum wheat cultivars had higher feeding values than that of other wheat classes, both with and without enzyme supplementation, and the .