Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Introduction: What is Strategy as Practice?

Strategy as practice as a research approach Since early 2000 strategy as practice (SAP) has emerged as a distinctive approach for studying strategic management, strategic decision-making, strategizing, strategy-making and strategy work (Whittington 1996; Johnson, Melin and Whittington 2003; Jarzabkowski, Balogun and Seidl 2007). In recent years SAP research has confirmed its vitality and fulfilled its promise by being more lively than ever (Golsorkhi et al. 2010; Vaara and Whittington 2012; Balogun et al. 2014; Seidl and Whittington 2014). This second edition of the handbook confirms the strong enthusiasm for the generation of new ideas about the way practitioners are doing their strategy work. Strategy-as-practice research focuses on the micro-level social activities, processes and practices that characterize organizational strategy and strategizing. This provides not only an organizational perspective into strategic decision-making but also a strategic angle for examining the process of organizing, and thereby serves as a useful research programme and social movement for connecting contemporary strategic management research with practice-oriented organizational studies. Strategy as practice can be regarded as an alternative to the mainstream strategy research via its attempt to shift attention away from a ‘mere’ focus on the effects of strategies on performance alone to a more comprehensive, in-depth analysis of what actually takes place in strategy formulation, planning and implementation and other activities that deal with the thinking and doing of strategy. In other words, SAP research is interested in the ‘black box’ of strategy work that once led the research agenda in strategic management research (Mintzberg 1973; Mintzberg and Waters 1985; Pettigrew 1973), but has thereafter been replaced by other issues, not least because of the increasing dominance of the micro-economic approach and a methodological preoccupation with statistical analysis. Because of its micro-level focus, studies following the strategy-as-practice agenda tend to draw on theories and apply methods that differ from the common practices of strategy scholars. In this way, SAP research can contribute to the evolution of strategic management as a discipline and body of knowledge with new theories and methodological choices.
Alternative splicing of the neurofibromatosis 1 gene correlates with growth patterns and neuroendocrine properties of human small‐cell lung‐carcinoma cells

Two distinct transcripts, type I and type II, of the neurofibromatosis I (NF) gene are generated by alternative splicing in the region corresponding to the gene's GTPase‐activating protein‐related domain (GRD). Relative expression levels of these 2 transcripts were previously correlated to neural differentiation. Since small‐cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) often exhibits neuroendocrine properties, we analyzed the type‐l to type‐ll mRNA ratio in 15 SCLC cell lines, using reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction methods. The type‐l mRNA was predominant in 10 cell lines; 8 of them grew as floating aggregates in culture and had high L‐dopa decarboxylase (DDC) activity. The other 5 lines predominantly expressed type‐ll mRNA, adhered to the culture substrate, and expressed low or undetectable levels of neural cell‐adhesion molecule (NCAM) antigen and DDC activity. N2 + one of the subclones of NCI‐N417 cells, exhibited a higher type‐l to type‐ll ratio after the cells had adhered to a laminin‐coated plate and had emitted neurite‐like processes. These findings provide evidence that alternative splicing patterns of NFI mRNA correlate with the mechanisms that regulate the growth patterns and neuroendocrine properties of SCLC cells in vitro.
Supervisión de las Adaptaciones al Entrenamiento con un Test de Carrera Submáximo en Condiciones de Campo

El monitoreo regular de las adaptaciones al entrenamiento es importante para optimizar la carga y la recuperación del entrenamiento, que son los principales factores para un entrenamiento exitoso. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la utilidad de un nuevo test de carrera submáximo en condiciones de campo para predecir y realizar un seguimiento de los cambios en el rendimiento de resistencia. Métodos: Treinta y cinco varones y mujeres entrenados en resistencia (de edades entre 20 y 55 años) realizaron un programa de entrenamiento de resistencia de 18 semanas. En las semanas 0, 9 y 18 se realizó un test de carrera incremental máximo para la determinación del consumo de oxígeno máximo (VO2max) y la velocidad de carrera (RS) en el punto de agotamiento (RSmax) y en los umbrales de lactato (LT). Además, los sujetos realizaron semanalmente un test de carrera submáximo con tres etapas (SRT), que incluyó una determinación post ejercicio de la recuperación de la frecuencia cardíaca (HRR). Los sujetos fueron agrupados retrospectivamente en cuatro agrupamientos en función de los cambios en los resultados de SRT. Resultados: Se observaron correlaciones grandes (r=0,60-0,89) entre las velocidades de carrera (RS) durante todas las etapas del SRT, y todas las variables de rendimiento de resistencia (VO2max, RSmax, RS en LT2 y RS en LT1). La recuperación de la frecuencia cardíaca (HRR) sólo se correlacionó con VO2max (r=0,46). Además se observaron elevadas relaciones entre los cambios en RS durante las etapas a 80 % y 90 % de HRmax del test de carrera submáximo en tres etapas (SRT) y un cambio de RSmax (r=0,57, r=0,79). Por otra parte, el análisis de agrupamientos reveló las diferentes tendencias en RS durante las etapas de 80 % y 90 % de HRmax durante el entrenamiento entre los agrupamientos, lo que evidenció diferentes aumentos en VO2max y RSmax. Conclusiones: El test submáximo presentó un gran potencial como herramienta práctica para al monitoreo regular de las adaptaciones individuales al entrenamiento de resistencia sin necesidad de recurrir a tests de laboratorio costosos y que insumen mucho tiempo.
Speech-language pathologists’ perspectives on cognitive communication assessment during post-traumatic amnesia

Abstract Primary objective: There have been few reports of the approaches taken by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) when assessing cognitive communication (CC) during post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) after TBI. This study sought to understand SLPs’ rationales for CC assessment during PTA and to examine their perspectives on assessment methods during the early recovery period. Methods and procedures: In this qualitative study, 10 SLPs participated in semi-structured face-to-face or telephone interviews about their rationales and methods for CC assessment during PTA and early recovery. Content analysis was conducted using NVivo software to identify key categories. Main outcome and results: SLPs reported their reasons for CC assessment as including: (1) Documenting changes and monitoring progress, (2) Feedback to team, family and patient, (3) Diagnosis of communication disorder, (4) Planning and (5) Prognosis. They described conducting ongoing, informal assessment and monitoring of CC, using a combination of standardized and non-standardized measures during PTA, and commenced formal testing after PTA resolution to formulate a baseline level of communication function. Conclusions: The current study highlighted the importance that SLPs placed on an individualized approach in CC assessment. Findings provided insight into the process of assessment of CC during PTA and the early stage of recovery after TBI.
Effects of Industrial Heat Treatment on the Properties of Spruce and Pine Woods

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an industrial heat treatment (ThermoWood) based on changes in the strength properties, density, and color of spruce (Picea abies) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) woods. Samples were subjected to heat treatment processes at 212 °C for a duration of 120 min. The results showed that the applied process caused a 2.56 to 6.12% decrease in density. Dimensional stability was considerably improved, with ASE values of 58% and 52% for spruce and pine, respectively. The color became darker after treatment. The process caused a significant (p<0.05) reduction (8 to 42%) for all investigated mechanical properties at a specific moisture level (12%). However, the mechanical properties of wood are closely related to its moisture content, and heat-treated wood is less hygroscopic than untreated wood. It was found that, after long-term acclimatization, heat-treated samples had almost half the equilibrium moisture content of control samples. Because the changes that occurred after this heat treatment are irreversible, it is possible that ThermoWood has lower equilibrium moisture content than untreated wood. Therefore, this should be taken into account when investigating the mechanical design values of heat-treated wood.
Switchable Frequency Selective Surface for Reconfigurable Electromagnetic Architecture of Buildings

A frequency selective surface (FSS) that is electronically switchable between reflective and transparent states is tested. It can be used to provide a spatial filter solution to reconfigure the electromagnetic architecture of buildings. The FSS measurements show that the frequency response of the filter does not change significantly when the wave polarization changes or the angle of incidence changes up to ±45° from normal. The FSS is based on square loop aperture geometry, with each unit cell having four PIN diodes across the aperture at 90 degree intervals. Experiments demonstrated that almost 10 dB additional transmission loss can be introduced on average at the resonance frequency, for both polarizations, by switching PIN diodes to on from off state.
The role of the psoas and iliacus muscles for stability and movement of the lumbar spine, pelvis and hip

The activation patterns of the psoas and iliacus muscles were investigated in 7 healthy adult subjects (4 men and 3 women) during a variety of motor tasks in standing, sitting and lying. Myoelectric activity was recorded simultaneously from the 2 muscles using thin wire electrodes inserted under guidance of high‐resolution ultrasound. In general, both muscles were coactivated, albeit to different relative levels, particularly when hip flexor torque was required. Selective activation of the iliacus could, however, be seen to stabilize the pelvis in contralateral hip extension during standing. Psoas was found to be selectively involved in sitting with a straight back and in contralateral loading situations requiring stabilization of the spine in the frontal plane. During training exercises from a supine position, such as sit‐ups, the contribution of the psoas and iliacus muscles could be varied by changing the range of motion as well as the position and support for the legs. Thus, the 2 anatomically different muscles of the iliopsoas complex were shown to have individual and taskspecific activation patterns depending on the particular demands for stability and movement at the lumbar spine, pelvis and hip.
Relationship Between Histologic Features of Primary Breast Carcinomas and Axillary Lymph Node Micrometastases: Detection and Prognostic Significance

The incidence and prognostic significance of micrometastases (Mic-Met) in axillary lymph nodes (LNs) is still controversial. We compared Mic-Met detection of invasive mammary carcinomas (IMCs) in axillary LNs using second review of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides and immunohistochemistry (IHC) relating them with features of the primary tumor, and determining their influence on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). We studied 188 cases of IMCs with no axillary metastases in the initial reports. The original H&E slides of LN were re-viewed and new sections were submitted for IHC using pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3). All primary breast tumors were re-viewed and classified according to Page et al (1998) and College of American Pathologists criteria (2000). Tumors were graded using the Nottingham grading system. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to evaluate OS and DFS of 147 patients. Mic-Met detection was correlated to histologic features of primary tumor (size, type, grade, lymphatic/blood vessel invasion). Mic-Met were detected in 26/188 cases (by IHC: 23/188, 12.2%; by H&E: 12/188, 6.4%). The re-view of H&E slides showed good specificity (98.2%), but low sensitivity (39.1%), when compared with IHC. There was no relationship between features of primary tumor and Mic-Met detection, including patients with lobular carcinomas or IMCs with lobular features. There was no statistical difference in OS and DFS of patients with and without Mic-Met, but patients with Mic-Met presented lower survival curves. In conclusion, there was no relationship between histologic features of primary tumor and presence of Mic-Met, nor between Mic-Met detection and patients survival.
Intraductal papillary neoplasia of the liver associated with hepatolithiasis

Intraductal papillary growth of neoplastic biliary epithelia with a fine fibrovascular stalk (intraductal papillary neoplasia of liver [IPN‐L]) resembling intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of pancreas is occasionally associated with hepatolithiasis. In this study, 136 cases of hepatolithiasis in Taiwan, between January 1998 and March 2000, and an additional 21 cases of IPN‐L before December 1998, were examined histologically. IPN‐L was found in 41 of 136 hepatolithiasis cases (30.1%). Sixty‐two IPN‐L cases (42 women and 20 men; age range, 59.8 ± 10 years) were divided into 4 types (type 1, IPN‐L with low‐grade dysplasia, 23 cases; type 2, IPN‐L with high grade dysplasia, 11 cases; type 3, IPN‐L with in situ and microinvasive carcinoma, 13 cases; and type 4, IPN‐L of types 2 and 3 with distinct invasive carcinoma, 15 cases). Intraductal spreading and glandular involvement were commonly observed in all types. About half of types 3 and 4 cases had mucobilia, and mucinous carcinoma was variably found in two thirds of group 4 patients. IPN‐L frequently showed variable gastroenteric differentiation such as goblet cells and foveolar and colon‐like metaplasia. IPN‐L with goblet cells and colon‐like metaplasia was frequently associated with overproduction of mucin and mucobilia (P < .01). In Japan, IPN‐L was not frequent in hepatolithiasis (12 of 135 cases). In conclusion, IPN‐L forms a spectrum of biliary neoplasm in hepatolithiasis. It often displays variable gastroenteric metaplasia and significant intraductal spread. IPN‐L tends to progress to mucinous carcinoma. Formerly reported “mucin‐producing intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma” with a favorable prognosis is included in IPN‐L.
Folic acid and iron evaluation in Brazilian enriched corn and wheat flours

Folic acid has been identified as one of the most important vitamins for normal human metabolic function. Iron deficiency is a serious health problem affecting a large proportion of the world population. In Brazil, an issue has been ruled requiring that corn and wheat flours must be fortified by the addition of folic acid and iron. The aim of this work was to evaluate the levels of folic acid and iron in some enriched flours. The successful quantification of both nutrients indicated that the levels of folic acid are in the range of 96 to 558 µg per 100g (in corn) and 73 to 233 µg per 100 g (in wheat) and from 3.8 to 8.7 mg per 100 g (in corn) and 4.6 to 7.4 mg per 100g (in wheat) for iron. Finally the Brazilian population seems to be exposed to inadequate concentrations of folic acid and iron when consuming enriched corn flours and some wheat flours.
----------- -11 REFLECTIONS Ir-------------The Birth of Clinical Organ Transplantation

The task of describing the birth of organ transplantation was simplified by an historical consensus development conference convened on March 25-27, 1999 at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). The purpose was to identifY the principal milestones leading to the clinical use of the various transplantation procedures. The II-member consensus panel included eight recipients of the Medawar Prize (the highest distinction of the Transplantation Society) and three Nobel Laureates (Figure O. Carl Groth of Stockholm, president-elect of the Transplantation Society, was invited to chair the deliberations and to prepare an executive summary of the group's conclusions. The summary, and personal reminiscences of the 11 individual participants, were published in the July 2000 issue of the World Journal of Surgery. 1 The collection of articles was reprinted in monograph form for distribution to members of the Transplantation Society. Milestone status was granted only to contributions made at least a quarter of a century ago. By 1975, 32 years had passed since convincing evidence was produced, first by Gibson and Medawar in a skin-grafted burn victim in Glasgow and then by Medawar in controlled animal experiments, that rejection is a host versus graft (HVG) immune response. Within the next few years, it was demonstrated that the same principle applied to renal allografts in unmodified dogs (Figure 2B). 4.5 In addition, confirmatory observations were made in more than a dozen cases in which kidney allografts were transplanted to the anterior thigh6 or to the pelvis7-10 of unmodified human recipients. These cases included the
Big forensic data management in heterogeneous distributed systems: quick analysis of multimedia forensic data

The growth in the data volume and number of evidential data from heterogeneous distributed systems in smart cities, such as cloud and fog computing systems and Internet‐of‐Things devices (e.g. IP‐based CCTVs), has led to increased collection, processing and analysis times, potentially resulting in vulnerable persons (e.g. victims of terrorism incidents) being at risk. A process of Digital Forensic Data Reduction of source multimedia and forensic images has provided a method to reduce the collection time and volume of data. In this paper, a methodology of Digital Forensic Quick Analysis is outlined, which describes a method to review Digital Forensic Data Reduction subsets to pinpoint relevant evidence and intelligence from heterogeneous distributed systems in a timely manner. Applying the proposed methodology to real‐world data from an Australian police agency highlighted the timeliness of the process, resulting in significant improvements in processing times in comparison with processing a full forensic image. The Quick Analysis methodology, combined with Digital Forensic Data Reduction, has potential to locate evidence and intelligence in a timely manner. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A 29-to-57GHz AM-PM compensated class-AB power amplifier for 5G phased arrays in 0.9V 28nm bulk CMOS

This paper presents a 29-to-57GHz (65% BW) AM-PM compensated class-AB power amplifier tailored for 5G phased arrays. Designed in 0.9V 28nm CMOS without RF thick top metal, the PA achieves a Psat=15.1dBm±1.6dB and |AM-PM|<1° from 29-to-57GHz, with a peak PAE of 24.2%. Techniques are studied to realize the required load impedance and distortion cancellation over the wide band of operation, while allowing 2-way power combining to further increase the delivered POUT. The very low AM-PM distortion of the realized PA enables up to 10.1, 8.9, 5.9dBm average POUT while amplifying a 1.5, 3, 6Gb/s 64-QAM respectively at 34GHz with EVM/ACPR better than −25dBc/−30dBc, without any digital pre-distortion.
Evaluation of a Shunt Active Power Filter with energy backup capability

This paper presents a new Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) that is able to compensate current power quality problems and also to serve as energy backup to the loads in case of power outages. The paper describes the hardware topology, the control system of the SAPF, as well as the energy backup control scheme. Also it describes the power outage detection scheme to trigger the energy backup mode, as well as the grid synchronization after the power restoration. To assess the behavior of the SAPF when compensating power quality problems in transient and steady-state, and during the operation as energy backup system, several simulations were performed.
A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell model to investigate load following and stability issues in distribution networks

The increase of DG penetration in the distribution networks makes more and more interesting the investigation of security issues which are typical of the large transmission grids (transient stability, voltage stability and small signal stability) as well as the study of the DG responses to load changes in the grid. This paper presents the model of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) dedicated to perform dynamic simulations on MV distribution networks. In particular in the present paper transient stability and load following issues are tackled. The first part of the paper is aimed at describing the model of the SOFC which is then used in the test system. As also a gas turbine is inserted into the test system, a brief look at the gas turbine model is mandatory. The aforementioned models include both the slow dynamics (GT prime mover, electrochemical system time constants for SOFC) necessary to study the DG response to load variations and the fast dynamics (e.g the power converter control and protection systems for SOFCs) necessary to study the transient stability related issues. The results of the analysis (carried out on a test MV distribution network) are reported and some conclusions are drawn.
Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and CYP2C19 activity in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with chronic liver disease.

AIMS To evaluate the single-dose and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and its active M8 metabolite in eight HIV-seropositive patients with liver disease, and to examine the relationship between CYP2C19 activity (genotype and plasma M8/nelfinavir metabolic ratio) and the severity of liver disease in these patients. METHODS Nelfinavir was given as a single dose (500 or 750 mg) to patients beginning therapy and twice (500, 750 or 1000 mg) or three times (250 or 750 mg) daily during chronic therapy. Single-dose pharmacokinetic values were used to predict multiple-dose regimens. Peak and total plasma exposures between 2-4 microg ml-1 and 45-75 microg ml-1 h, respectively, and predose levels > 0.7 microg ml-1 were targeted for multidose nelfinavir. Genotype was determined by analysis for CYP2C19*1, CYP2C19*2, and CYP2C19*3. Individuals were grouped according to their genotype, molar M8/nelfinavir AUC ratio (low: < 0.1, intermediate: 0.1-0.3, high > 0.3), and Child-Pugh classification for severity of liver disease. RESULTS Nelfinavir pharmacokinetics were characterized by wide interindividual variability, low clearance (181-496 ml min-1 70 kg-1, n = 7), and prolonged half-life (5-20 h, n = 7). M8/nelfinavir AUC ratio increased 58% (n = 4) and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein levels decreased up to 39% (n = 5) from single to multiple dosing. CYP2C19 activity was low (metabolic AUC ratio < 0.1) in four patients with moderate to severe liver disease even though they were genetically extensive CYP2C19 metabolizers (*1/*1 or *1/*2). Three patients required lower daily doses than the standard regimen of 750 mg every 8 h to achieve target concentrations and maintain virologic suppression at < 50 RNA copies ml-1 (up to 20 months). CONCLUSIONS Acquired CYP2C19 deficiency from moderate or severe liver disease resulted in decreased M8 formation. Long-term HIV suppression is possible using low nelfinavir doses in patients with liver disease.