Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Buprenorphine activates mu and opioid receptor like-1 receptors simultaneously, but the analgesic effect is mainly mediated by mu receptor activation in the rat formalin test.

Buprenorphine is a mixed opioid receptor agonist-antagonist. Recently, buprenorphine was reported to act as an agonist to opioid receptor like-1 (ORL1) receptor. In the present study, we examined the role of spinal and supraspinal mu receptors and spinal and supraspinal ORL1 receptors in producing an analgesic effect by intrathecal (i.t.), intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.), or i.p. administration of buprenorphine in the rat formalin test. Male rats were prepared with i.t. catheters or i.c. v. injection cannulas. The paw formalin injection (50 microl of 5% formalin) induces biphasic flinching (phase 1, 0-6 min; phase 2, 10-60 min) of the injected paw. Buprenorphine, naloxone (a mu-opioid receptor antagonist), or (1-[(3R,4R)-1-cyclooctylmethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-4-piperidyl]-3-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one (J113397) (an ORL1 receptor-selective antagonist) was administered i.t. , i.c. v. , or i.p. Intrathecal, i.c. v. , or i.p. injection of buprenorphine produces an analgesic effect in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of i.c. v. buprenorphine was antagonized by i.c. v. naloxone or i.c. v. J113397, and the effect of i.t. buprenorphine was antagonized by i.t. naloxone or i.t. J113397. The effect of i.p. buprenorphine was antagonized by i.p. or i.t. naloxone but not by i.c. v. naloxone. The analgesic effect of i.p. buprenorphine was enhanced by i.p. J113397 or i.c. v. J113397. Intraperitoneal, but not i.t. or i.c. v. , buprenorphine decreased the number of Fos-like immunoreactivity positive neurons in the L4-L5 spinal dorsal horn. These data indicated that buprenorphine affects nociceptive processing by acting at both supraspinal and spinal mu and ORL1 receptors. The analgesic effect of systemically administered buprenorphine was suppressed by the concomitant activation of supraspinal ORL1 receptor.
A New Hybrid Algorithm for a System of Mixed Equilibrium Problems, Fixed Point Problems for Nonexpansive Semigroup, and Variational Inclusion Problem

The purpose of this paper is to consider a shrinking projection method for finding the common element of the set of common fixed points for nonexpansive semigroups, the set of common fixed points for an infinite family of a -strict pseudocontraction, the set of solutions of a system of mixed equilibrium problems, and the set of solutions of the variational inclusion problem. Strong convergence of the sequences generated by the proposed iterative scheme is obtained. The results presented in this paper extend and improve some well-known results in the literature.
Entrepreneurial Narratives in Sustainable Venturing: Beyond People, Profit, and Planet

Sustainable venturing, the process of starting a new sustainable enterprise, has been studied extensively through the triple‐bottom‐line lens. The narratives employed by sustainable entrepreneurs, however, have proven to be more complex and diverse. In this paper, we set out to inductively explore the narratives underlying sustainable venturing. We conducted an interpretative analysis to elucidate how these entrepreneurs perceive, think about and give meaning to sustainability as they develop their ventures. Findings allow for an expansion of the role of narratives in business venturing toward a more sophisticated conceptualization grounded in how actual entrepreneurs experience and enact sustainability in the context of their ventures.
Tolevamer, an Anionic Polymer, Neutralizes Toxins Produced by the BI/027 Strains of Clostridium difficile

ABSTRACT Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) is caused by the toxins the organism produces when it overgrows in the colon as a consequence of antibiotic depletion of normal flora. Conventional antibiotic treatment of CDAD increases the likelihood of recurrent disease by again suppressing normal bacterial flora. Tolevamer, a novel toxin-binding polymer, was developed to ameliorate the disease without adversely affecting normal flora. In the current study, tolevamer was tested for its ability to neutralize clostridial toxins produced by the epidemic BI/027 strains, thereby preventing toxin-mediated tissue culture cell rounding. The titers of toxin-containing C. difficile culture supernatants were determined using confluent cell monolayers, and then the supernatants were used in assays containing dilutions of tolevamer to determine the lowest concentration of tolevamer that prevented ≥90% cytotoxicity. Tolevamer neutralized toxins in the supernatants of all C. difficile strains tested. Specific antibodies against the large clostridial toxins TcdA and TcdB also neutralized the cytopathic effect, suggesting that tolevamer is specifically neutralizing these toxins and that the binary toxin (whose genes are carried by the BI/027 strains) is not a significant source of cytopathology against tissue culture cells in vitro.
Effects of visual and haptic latency on touchscreen interaction: A case study using painting task

This paper reports a user study on the effects of latency in visual and haptic feedback on touchscreen interaction for a painting task. Our work was motivated by recently emerging multimodal use of touchscreens and electrostatic friction displays with high-quality 3D graphics. We designed and implemented a painting application on a touchscreen that enabled users to paint a 3D sculpture with their finger pad while perceiving haptic feedback through electrovibration. Software-induced latency was varied from 0 to 120 ms for both visual and haptic feedback. Participants' task was to paint on the 3D sculpture as quickly and accurately as possible. For performance assessment, we measured task completion time and execution error. We also obtained subjective responses to four questions (easiness, responsiveness, pleasantness, and the sense of control) related to user experiences. Experiment results indicated that visual latency is critical for both task completion time and task execution error whereas haptic latency is for task execution error, but not for task completion time. Both latencies affected the subjective responses, but visual latency had more apparent effects.
Haptoglobin 1-1 Genotype Is AssociatedWith Poorer Cognitive Functioning in Type 2 Diabetic Elderly

RESULTSdIn the present analysis, 812 subjects participated (84 with Hp 1-1, 335 with Hp 1-2, and 393 with Hp 2-2 genotypes). Average was 72.9 years of age (SD 4.7), and Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) was 28.0 (SD 1.8). Compared with subjects with Hp 1-2 genotype, Hp 1-1 subjects performed significantly worse in semantic categorization (F = 7.03; P = 0.008) and the overall cognitive score (F = 5.57; P = 0.02). A separate stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that compared with subjects with Hp 2-2 genotype, Hp 1-1 subjects performed significantly worse in semantic categorization (F = 4.18; P = 0.04) and the overall cognitive score (F = 4.70; P = 0.03). The contribution of cardiovascular risk factors to cognition was significantly higher in subjects with Hp 1-1 genotype compared with Hp 2 carriers (Hp 1-2 and Hp 2-2) in the semantic categorization (P = 0.009) and attention/working memory (P = 0.002) cognitive domains.
The tangibility of the intangibles: what drives banks' sustainability disclosure in the emerging economies?

This article sheds light onto the tangibility of the intangibles, arguing that environment, social and governance sustainability (“ESG”), typically considered as intangibles, can be explained by tangible factors such as banks’ fundamentals, country ESG performance, macroeconomic factors and institutional quality. Based on panel estimation of 251 banks from 45 emerging countries over the period 2005-2014, we find that size, liquidity, years of establishment and market power positively influence banks’ disclosure of ESG policies and practices. Nonprofitable banks disclose ESG, probably to build reputation and to attract more customers. At the macro level, country ESG scores are positively correlated with environment and socialdisclosure, but do not have a significant effect on any governance indicators. While banks in countries with higher economic freedom tend to focus on and value the importance of ESG, this is not the case with banks in countries with more economic growth and financial openness. We also find that a financial crisis can reduce the probability of banks’ disclosure. In the overall analysis, our models can explain the disclosure of environmental and social indicators better than governance indicators.
Risky Business: Evaluation of a Decision Support System For Use in a High Risk Environment

RISKY BUSINESS: EVALUATION OF A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR USE IN A HIGH RISK ENVIRONMENT Tyler Doan University of Guelph, 2011 Advisor: Dr. Andrew Hamilton-Wright Neuromuscular diseases are difficult to diagnose, requiring specialized equipment and training. A decision support system facilitates this by visualizing the data produced by a classification system, allowing users to make a diagnosis. This thesis explores the development of a specific component of the decision support system; a comparison tool which allows the user to explore the visualization by making comparisons between assertions derived from the underlying classification system. After studying the impact of the comparison tool upon the performance of volunteer users, we provide recommendations on the utility of a particular decision exploration strategy and give guidance for the correct course for the future development of this system. This document illustrates some of the unique challenges associated with the evaluation of a decision support system which relies not only upon the computational power of the computer, but also upon a human’s innate ability to solve problems.
Absence of Tight Junctions in Endothelium of Marrow Sinuses: Possible Significance for Marrow Cell Egress

Summary. The nature of contact between endothelial cells in rat marrow sinuses was studied. Colloidal lanthanum permeated freely into the interendothelial space. Moreover, using freeze‐fracture technique, we failed to show junctional structures where these endothelial cells came into contact. With thin sectioning electron microscopy, we observed occasional submembranous densities but the interendothelial distance measured 20 nm and no membrane fusion was seen. Absence of tight junctions between endothelial cells of marrow sinuses may serve a function in marrow cell egress by permitting these cells to slide over each other, thereby changing the luminal size. Within the fixed volume of marrow, an increase in luminal size results in displacement of haemopoietic cells into the lumen.
Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems ( MCIS ) 2007 MANAGING A WIDESPREAD E-PROCUREMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN PUBLIC HEALTHCARE

In large parts of Europe, the development of healthcare is subject to contrasting forces. On the one hand, there has been an explosion in spending and, at the same time, governments are faced with strict budget constraints. On the other hand, public healthcare is under pressure to be innovative, technologically advanced and to provide increasingly better quality of services. In this context, eprocurement can be seen as an instrument to offer a solution to the first issue of this dilemma. However, e-procurement initiatives in such domain have not been widely deployed, and most of them have not fully delivered the expected benefits so far. In order to investigate this scenario in more detail, a case study of a wide e-procurement implementation in an Italian Local Healthcare Agency has been examined. This experience is considered remarkable because of the comprehensive design of the e-procurement system, the differentiation of adopted tools, the long-lasting experimentations and the multiple solutions implemented and in progress. The aim of this paper is to reconstruct, by following the Lam’s (2000) knowledge management approach, the different steps that led to a widespread introduction of e-procurement as a new operating practice in this LHA, by thorough redesigning supply purchasing, supply chain and logistics processes.
DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN SPATIAL AND OBJECT-BASED WORKING MEMORY USING COMPLEX STIMULI: AN ERP STUDY

Event-related potential studies using simple low-level stimuli have associated early visual-spatial processing with P1 amplitude, and early visual object-based processing with N2 amplitude. Other studies have linked later spatial processing and spatial working memory with posterior slow wave activity. Using complex real world representations in a matched object and spatial processing task, P1 was found to reflect spatially based information, and N2 was found to reflect object-based information. Furthermore, object-based working memory was associated with larger slow wave amplitude compared with spatial working memory, raising the possibility that spatial and object-based working memory utilize common processing resources.
Different intermittency for longitudinal and transversal turbulent fluctuations

Scaling exponents of the longitudinal and transversal velocity structure functions in numerical Navier? Stokes turbulence simulations with Taylor? Reynolds numbers up to Relambda = 110 are determined by the extended self similarity method. We find significant differences in the degree of intermittency: For the sixth moments the scaling corrections to the classical Kolmogorov expectations are delta xi 6 L = ? 0.21 ± 0.01 and delta xi 6 T = ? 0.43 ± 0.01, respectively, independent of Relambda. Also the generalized extended self similarity exponents rhop,q = delta xip/delta xiq differ significantly for the longitudinal and transversal structure functions. Within the She? Leveque model this means that longitudinal and transversal fluctuations obey different types of hierarchies of the moments. Moreover, the She? Leveque model hierarchy parameters betaL and betaT show small but significant dependences on the order of the moment.
The implementation of IFRS in the UK, Italy and Ireland

The move to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for many listed companies in Europe, and elsewhere, has been the biggest change to corporate financial reporting of recent times. The process has not been without problems but the ultimate aim of increased comparability and international harmonisation of financial reporting remains a necessity for international business. The impact, benefits and costs of the transition to IFRS were always expected to vary from country to country, with each country having its own starting point, characteristics and culture. This comparative study investigates the implementation of IFRS in the UK, Italy, and Ireland.
Young consumers’ green purchase behaviour in an emerging market

Abstract Young consumers represent a powerful engine in the development of environmentally conscious population as well as a promising market for green products. Marketers and organizations are therefore increasingly developing strategic marketing campaigns and environmental education programmes that target the young consumer segment. This study aims to examine a number of rational, moral, emotional and self-identity factors that may facilitate or impede green purchase behaviour among young consumers in an emerging market, Vietnam. A paper-based survey was employed to collect data from university students, which yielded an effective sample of 289 respondents. Multivariate statistics revealed that most factors (i.e. knowledge, attitudes, personal norms, self-identity and perceived barriers) significantly affected consumer purchase of energy efficient appliances, except for subjective social norms and warm glow. From these findings, implications for marketers, policy-makers and other stakeholders engaged in promoting green products are discussed.
Text Summarization: News and Beyond

Redundancy in large text collections, such as the web, creates both problems and opportunities for natural language systems. On the one hand, the presence of numerous sources conveying the same information causes difficulties for end users of search engines and news providers; they must read the same information over and over again. On the other hand, redundancy can be exploited to identify important and accurate information for applications such as summarization and question answering.
Business value creation and stakeholder expectation management as tools for better business relationships : Case Study: TeliaSonera AB, Enterprise Systems

The aim of this Master’s thesis is to create a plan of conduct for aligning and implementing business value metrics on the basis of the expectations of business stakeholders in TeliaSonera. The study analyzes how IT and business can be bridged closer together so that IT is creating and communicating business value to the business stakeholder from the point of view of improving business performance. The target is to improve customer satisfaction towards business stakeholders and end-users. This study seeks to benefit three stakeholders: Enterprise Systems management team, business stakeholders in TeliaSonera and Group IT. This thesis introduces the theories of creating business value, business value metrics, expectation management and business relationship management by applying them into practice in case study. Research is a qualitative case study. Data was retrieved by using an online questionnaire, by interviewing business stakeholders in TeliaSonera as well as Gartner specialists and by doing daily observations. In conclusion, the study gives relevant information about what kind of expectations the business stakeholders have for Enterprise Systems and what their views are on business value creation. The research results indicate that without implementation of proper business value metrics it is hard to measure and communicate created business value to the business stakeholders.
Oncogenic KRAS regulates miR-200c and miR-221/222 in a 3D-specific manner in colorectal cancer cells.

BACKGROUND Oncogenic KRAS plays several key roles in a three-dimensional (3D) colonic-crypt model. However, miRNA expression regulated by oncogenic KRAS in this model is still elusive. MATERIALS AND METHODS The differential expression of 105 cancer-related microRNAs was examined and compared in HCT116 cells and HKe3 cells (HCT116 cells in which mutated KRAS allele was deleted) in 3D culture. HKe3 cells stably overexpressing oncogenic KRAS and the public datasets for microRNA expression analysis of colorectal cancer were further examined. RESULTS The increased expression of miR-200c, miR-221 and miR-222 were observed exclusively in 3D culture, but not in the two-dimensional culture. These microRNAs were regulated by oncogenic KRAS and were significantly overexpressed in human colorectal tumor specimens. Of note, the protein expression level of Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a putative target of miR-221/222 cluster, was reduced under the control of oncogenic KRAS in a 3D-specific manner. CONCLUSION Oncogenic KRAS regulates 3D-specific molecules, possibly being associated with colorectal tumor development in vivo.
A 10-Gb/s Inductorless CMOS Limiting Amplifier With Third-Order Interleaving Active Feedback

This paper presents an inductorless circuit technique for CMOS limiting amplifiers. By employing the third-order interleaving active feedback, the bandwidth of the proposed circuit can be effectively enhanced while maintaining a suppressed gain peaking within the frequency band. Using a standard 0.18-mum CMOS process, the limiting amplifier is implemented for 10-Gb/s broadband applications. Consuming a DC power of 189 mW from a 1.8-V supply voltage, the fabricated circuit exhibits a voltage gain of 42 dB and a -3-dB bandwidth of 9 GHz. With a 231-1 pseudo-random bit sequence at 10 Gb/s, the measured output swing and input sensitivity for a bit-error rate of 10-12 are 300 and 10 mVpp, respectively. Due to the absence of the spiral inductors, the chip size of the limiting amplifier including the pads is 0.68times0. 8 mm2 where the active circuit area only occupies 0.32times0. 6 mm2
Two Fission Yeast B-Type Cyclins, Cig2 and Cdc13, Have Different Functions in Mitosis

Cyclin B interacts with Cdc2 kinase to induce cell cycle events, particularly those of mitosis. The existence of cyclin B subtypes in several species has been known for some time, leading to speculation that key events of mitosis may be carried out by distinct functional classes of Cdc2/cyclin B. We report the discovery of cig2, a third B-type cyclin gene in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Disruption of cig2 delays the onset of mitosis, to the degree that a cig2 null allele rescues mitotic catastrophe mutants, including those that are unable to carry out the inhibitory tyrosyl phosphorylation of Cdc2 kinase. Consistent with this, a cig2 null allele exhibits synthetic lethal interactions with cdc25ts and cdc2ts mutations. Mitotic phenotypes caused by disruption of cig2 are not reversed by increased production of Cdc13, the other fission yeast B-type cyclin that functions in mitosis. Likewise, a cdc13ts mutation is not rescued by increased gene dosage of cig2+. These data indicate that Cdc13 and Cig2 interact with Cdc2 to carry out different functions in mitosis. We suggest that some cyclin B subtypes found in other species, including humans, are also likely to have distinct, nonoverlapping functions in mitosis.
The Inhibitory Effect of GR32191, a Thromboxane Receptor Blocking Drug, on Human Platelet Aggregation, Adhesion and Secretion

Summary GR32191, a potent selective thromboxane receptor antagonist, has been shown to inhibit completely prostaglandin endoperoxide and thromboxane A2 (TxA2)-induced platelet aggregation, [14C]-serotonin secretion and β-thromboglobulin secretion. Deposition of human platelets onto damaged rabbit aorta in vitro is reduced in the presence of GR32191 which appears to inhibit aggregation of platelets but not direct adhesion of platelets to subendothelium. The effects of non-prostanoid platelet activating agents whose mode of action requires the biosynthesis of TxA2 are also inhibited by GR32191. Prostanoids which inhibit platelet function, such as prostacyclin or PGD2, retain their inhibitory properties in the presence of GR32191 which does not inhibit phospholipase A2, prostaglandin cyclooxygenase, thromboxane synthase, 12-lipoxygenase or cAMP phosphodiesterase activity. The inhibitory action of GR32191 on platelet aggregation, mural thrombus formation and platelet protein storage granule secretion suggests that it has potential in treatingthrombotic disease in man.