Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Koch-fed-Obtrude/Slot AGP Fractal Antennas for Wideband Applications

A perlustration on two compact fractal antennas with Koch-fed Obtrusion/Slot with AGP(Asymmetric Ground Plane) is presented giving a neoteric framework on planar models for wideband applications. Antenna has a compact dimension of $0.26\lambda_{0}\times 0.16\lambda_{0}$ and incorporate enhancement in impedance bandwidth & reflection coefficient characteristics by injecting an asymmetric square strips of $0.058\lambda_{0}$ at 1st resonance 2.56 GHz in the adjacent section of ground metalization. The prototypes are invariably compact and are well-established with the fractal principles of space-filling/self-affline features. Omni-directionality [Co-Pol] & Di-pole like pattern [X-Pol] radiation patterns, Peak Gain of 5–6[dBi] and efficiency almost[≅ 93%] provides a good agreement for the prototype antennas to be candidate for wide-band applications.
Optical XOR Interconnect Gate Based on Symmetric and Asymmetric Plasmonic Modes in IMI Structure Using Modified Kretschmann Configuration

According to the importance of optical interconnect devices as well as optical logic gates, in this paper a novel approach to utilize the advancements of symmetric and asymmetric plasmonic modes across thin gold film in IMI structure was proposed. This gate may creatively introduce the benefits of plasmonics into commercial photonics, such as: integration of optical circuits, high sensitivity, and high speed. Besides, we propose a novel configuration, modified kretschmann, which via this method the SPPs will be available for electronic detection. Agreeing results, the truth table revealed an XOR interconnect gate; furthermore, ROC and fabrication process also are suggested.
Study of Power Delay Characteristic of Subthreshold SCL Inverter Using Junction-Less DG-MOSFET

In this work, a simple Junction-Less Double Gate MOSFET (JL-DGMOS) based Source-Coupled Logic (SCL) inverter circuit is proposed for low power applications in the near and sub-threshold regime. D.C performances like power and delay have been analyzed in depth. JLDG MOSFET have promising advantages over conventional MOSFET to mitigate the short channel effects because of better gate control mechanism. So, the proposed SCL Inverter would be efficacious to offer less power dissipation and less delay. Impact of supply voltage and frequency on the power and delay of the Inverter circuits have been analyzed here. Extensive simulations are done using SILVACO ATLAS to validate the proposed models. Optimization of the process parameters and the supply voltage has been shown to enhance the efficiency.
A Tunable Coaxial Filter with Minimum Variations in Absolute Bandwidth and Q using a Single Tuning Element

This paper presents a novel high Q tunable coaxial filter, which maintains a constant absolute bandwidth and a constant Q over the tuning range. The key feature of the proposed filter configuration is that it is tuned by a single rotational mechanism irrespective of the filter order. The filter is capable to achieve a tuning range of 30% with a very minimum variations in bandwidth and insertion loss. A prototype 4-pole filter is developed at 2.5 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 4% to verify the concept. The measured tuning range of the filter is 20% with insertion loss better than 0.4 dB over the entire tuning range. The measured bandwidth variation is within ±10% and insertion loss variation is within 0.05 dB over the tuning range. The concept is easily expandable to filters with higher order.
A New Design Approach to Improve the Circular Polarization Characteristics of a Microstrip Antenna

Designing a circularly polarized (CP) microstrip patch on a thick substrate is a bit tricky. It is a challenge to achieve the overlap of the required impedance matching as well as axial ratio (AR) lower than 3 dB over a common band of frequencies. In this work, a new design approach has been presented. Some strategic engineering in the form of a pair of metallic stubs for a circular patch has been adopted. This provides a flexibility of varying the frequency corresponding to the best AR slightly without affecting the impedance matching bandwidth. Using this approach effective CP bandwidth of a conventional design is improved to 5%.
Incremental PMU Placement Based on Depth of Unobservability

This study presents the concept of incomplete observability for multi phasing of PMU locations in achieving redundant observability. This requires the study of optimal PMU placement problem for incomplete, complete and redundant observability. This paper uses BILP approach for solving optimal PMU placement problems. Each phase of PMU installation incorporates different observability concept. Initial phases involve incomplete observability while final phases take care of full and redundant observability. The network observability increases after each phase. During the initial phases, data of unobservable buses is estimated using conventional methods. This method has significance as it restricts the unobservability of bus only up to Depth-of-two unobservability. It ensures minimum distance between unobserved and observed buses during initial phases of PMU placement. The proposed approach is demonstrated on IEEE 30, 57 and NRIPG 246 bus system.
Implementation of Server Load Balancing Techniques Using Software-Defined Networking

The exponential increase in the number of internet users, managing the network flow becomes a difficult task for traditional load balancers. These limitations are overcome by using Software Defined Networking (SDN). SDN separates the control plane and data plane hence it provides the control from centralized controller to the network. Thus it offers flexible and inexpensive solutions to the limitations of the network. This paper aims to give a comparison of "Bandwidth based" and "Round-robin" load balancing approach. These load balancing techniques distribute the request among multiple servers. The performance of both Round-robin and Bandwidth based load balancing techniques are evaluated and compared using mininet emulation.
Microstrip Antenna Feeds for Offset Reflector Antenna for Cross-polarization Reduction at both Diagonal and Asymmetric Planes

A simple dual-mode (TM11 and TM21) circular microstrip patch antenna as feed for offset reflector antenna (ORA) is proposed in the paper. The concept of conjugate field matching for cross-polar level suppression in radiation pattern of offset reflector is used to achieve a matched feed with appropriate excitation ratio for the two modes. The secondary radiation pattern of the offset reflector has been calculated using geometrical optics technique. Cross-polarization level for both the diagonal and asymmetric plane is studied for the proposed feed excited with both vertical and horizontal polarization separately. The cross-polar level obtained for all the planes were below − 40dB for both kind of linear polarization. Variation in excitation ratio of the modes with variation in F/D ratio has also been investigated.
MIMO Antenna Characterization in Realistic Propagation Scenario: Use of Infinitesimal Dipole Models with Cross-correlation Green's Functions

This paper focuses on envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) computation of MIMO antennas operating in realistic indoor / outdoor propagation scenario, based on an integrated scheme of infinitesimal dipole modelling (IDM) and modified Cross-correlation Green's functions (CGF). By using inbuilt field calculators and IDM principle, the radiating currents of MIMO antennas modelled in commercial full-wave solvers (eg. Ansys HFSS) can be estimated effectively. The modified CGFs further embed the effects of statistical propagation parameters directly into the electromagnetic considerations. This facilitates the ECC calculation directly from the sampled radiating currents, bypassing the conventional tedious complex far-field pattern-based method. The proposed IDM / modified-CGF methodology is validated by analyzing a two-element MIMO antennas based on strip-dipole pairs for a wide range of practical indoor / outdoor non-uniform scenario parameters.
IoT System for Forest Monitoring

Several important issues are affecting the forest environment due to deforestation and natural disasters (for example forest fires, or increased gas emissions). This paper proposes an intelligent forest environment monitoring solution based on the Raspberry Pi Model 3, analogical and digital sensors and signals analysis algorithms. Parameters such as temperature, gas concentrations, soil humidity etc. are monitored with sensors while background sounds are analyzed with a classification algorithm on the basis of which the generated event can be classified into one of the following categories: Chainsaw, Vehicle, or Forest background noise. The user’s accessibility to the collected data is ensured via Internet and a mobile applications that allows the user to receive notifications, whenever fire, pollution sources, or illegal deforestation are detected. The SeaForest environment monitoring solution is an IoT project, addressed to public and private forest owners as well as to national environmental and disaster response authorities.
Physically Transient Memristor Synapse Based on Embedding Magnesium Nanolayer in Oxide for Security Neuromorphic Electronics

In this letter, a fully physically transient artificial synapse based on W/MgO/Mg/MgO/W memristor was realized for the first time. By embedding magnesium nanolayer in MgO switching layer, multilevel, and long-term memory with precise tuning ability was obtained. In addition, the device shows significant synaptic functions including long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). Besides, device failure can be triggered while it was immersed in deionized (DI) water for one minute at room temperature. The physically transient synaptic devices based on W/MgO/Mg/MgO/W memristor demonstrate great potential for secure neuromorphic devices, green electronics, and bioimplant electronics.
Data Fusion Technique to Predicting Database Performance Issues

Database (DB) stability is a core component of all IT services. Losses from poor performance and unexpected database failures cost millions for companies and take time to recover. In this paper, we introduce a new formalism for finding insight in DB monitoring data, such as performance, query complexity, and events history to increase the ability of the database administrator to respond on different performance issues. A data fusion technique to predict the probability of a critical state of the DB system is proposed. A case study for sets of time series data before DB shutdown is presented. Testing results conclude that the proposed methodology gives better understanding a combination of data, specific behavior of parameters and their contribution to the current problem.
Evaluation of Layer 3 Multipath Solutions using Container Technologies

The MPT network layer multipath communication library is capable of using multiple communication channels by creating an UDP tunnel over them. The contemporary version of MPT uses the GRE tunnel protocol. MPTCP is another multipath solution, which uses TCP subflows on kernel level to ensure multipath communication. In this paper, we are using multiple container technologies to install these multipath communication solutions. Most common Docker container and a HPC specific Singularity container interconnected with twelve 100Mbit/s links were used to evaluate the aggregation capabilities of the combination of these technologies.
Inadequacy of Markov Model in Modeling of Electromigration-Induced Resistance Degradation

Electromigration-induced resistance change carries lot of information about the failure phenomenon and is an important aspect of the degradation process. Hence modeling electromigration-induced resistance degradation is of paramount importance, especially for submicron dual-damascene Cu interconnects. On the other hand, Markov model is extensively used in reliability engineering. This study focuses on the nature of the time-domain discrete states in the failure process. We argue about the memoryless discrete states in Markovian model to predict the electromigration-induced resistance degradation. The physics behind the electromigration failure does not support the application of Markovian model in electromigration and the inadequacy of such application is described. In contrast to the memoryless states, the resistance change behavior can be better explained by considering very generic and dependent discrete states. Whenever required, simulations are performed to obtain the resistance change behaviors. Our findings are concurrence with the experimental observations.
Modeling of Ballistic Monolayer Black Phosphorus MOSFETs

In this paper, we present two accurate physics-based models of ballistic metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), both using less than ten parameters. These models—the capacitor model and the virtual source model—are based on the Landauer–Büttiker formalism. We show that the nonthermalization of charge carriers in the channels of ballistic MOSFETs leads to two critical effects that need to be considered in the modeling: the ballistic drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) effect and the floating source effect. The ballistic DIBL effect is responsible for a drain voltage dependence of the DIBL parameter; the floating source effect intensifies the injection of high-energy carriers from the source as the gate voltage increases. Specifically, the analysis is carried out on devices composed of monolayer black phosphorus, a 2-D semiconductor with unique electronic and mechanical properties, which make it a promising candidate for 2-D digital logic applications.
Computing Edge-Weight Bounds of Antimagic Labeling on a Class of Trees

Graph labeling has wide applications in the field of computer science, such as coding theory, cryptography, software testing, database management systems, computer architecture, and networking. The computers connected in a network can now be converted in a graph and labels assigned to the graph so formed will help to regulate bandwidth, data traffic, in coding and decoding signals. Let <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda =(V(\Lambda),E(\Lambda))$ </tex-math></inline-formula> be a graph with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$|V(\Lambda)|=m$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$|V(\Lambda)|=n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. A bijection from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\zeta:V(\Lambda)\cup E(\Lambda)\rightarrow \{1,2,3, {\dots },m+n\}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is called <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(a,d)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-edge antimagic total labeling if the edge-weights <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\zeta (x)+\zeta (xy)+\zeta (y)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for each <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$xy \in E(\Lambda)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> form a sequence of consecutive positive integers with minimum edge-weight <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$a$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and common difference <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. In addition, it is called super <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(a,d)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-edge antimagic total labeling if vertices receive the smallest labels. Enomoto <italic>et al</italic>. (2000) proposed the conjecture that every tree admits super <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(a,0)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-EAT labeling. In this note, bounds of the minimum and maximum edge-weights for super <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(a,d)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-EAT labeling on the more generalized class of subdivided caterpillars are obtained. Moreover, we have investigated the existence of super <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(a,d)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-EAT labeling for the validation of the obtained bounds and the partial support of the aforesaid conjecture, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d\in \{0,1,2\}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. In fact, the obtained results are a general extension of the results Akhlaq <italic>et al</italic>. [Utiltas Mathematica, 98 (2015), 227-249].
Ultra-high Isolation Nonreciprocal Acoustic Filters

We report on the design and performance of a novel nonreciprocal acoustic filter (nrFIL) topology. This relies on the use of acoustic filters placed in switch-based angular-momentum-biased circuits and enabling orders-of-magnitude higher isolation levels than attained by previously reported nrFILs-prototypes. We show that by strategically adding modulated ad-hoc shunt filtering branches to a conventional nrFIL, it is possible to modify its dynamics, thus enabling orders-of-magnitude higher isolation within a large portion of its static passband. To prove the effectiveness of this approach, we first designed, simulated and built a conventional switch-based nrFIL based on three commercial 895 MHz acoustic filters placed in a star-circuit topology. Then, three ad-hoc time-modulated filtering branches were inserted between the central node of the built nrFIL and ground. All circuit branches relied on the same modulation frequency (38MHz) to work. We show how this modification allows to increase the isolation (>25dB) attained by the conventional nrFIL prototype without degrading the minimum insertion loss attained in the passband of each acoustic filter (IL~6.5dB with or without the additional branches). Fractional bandwidth (BW%), 1 dB-compression input power (P1dB) and IIP3 approaching 2.2%, 21.5 dBm and 41 dBm are reported.
Anti-Disturbance Neural-Sliding Mode Control for Inertially Stabilized Platform With Actuator Saturation

To consider the environment during ground vehicle driving, the inertially stabilized platform (ISP) can be used for electro-optical tracking instruments to isolate the senor’s line of sight (LOS) from the carrier’s vibrations with high precision and stability. This paper proposes the combination of a backstepping sliding mode controller with the adaptive neural networks approach (BSMC-NN) for ISP that achieves output torque saturation and considers parametric uncertainties, friction, and gimbal mass imbalance. An adaptive radial basis function neural network is adopted to approximate uncertain disturbances in this dynamic system. In contrast to the existing saturated control structures, an auxiliary function is designed to compensate for any error between the designed and the actual control torque. The closed-loop stability and asymptotic convergence performance are guaranteed based on the Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, the simulation and experimental results demonstrate that this proposed controller can effectively regulate the gimbal rotation angle under different external disturbances. This offers superior control performance despite the existence of the nonlinear dynamics and control input constraints.
Demystifying Capacitor Voltages and Inductor Currents in Hybrid Converters

This paper presents a modeling method to accurately predict DC and ripple values of flying capacitor voltages and inductor currents in hybrid converters by recognizing a key relationship between median and average values of these state variables. The method is demonstrated for the Dual-Phase Multi-Inductor Hybrid (DP-MIH) converter and 3-Level Buck converter. Analytical details and intuitive explanations are presented for the well-known balancing problem of flying capacitor voltages and inductor current fluctuations in hybrid converters. Simulation results for the converters at different operating conditions are provided to verify the method and analytical results.
Pattern Diversity Based Double Sided Dielectric Resonator Antenna for MIMO Applications

This paper explains a double sided dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) applications which supported pattern diversity characteristics. The unique feature of the proposed MIMO antenna is that it supports back to back rectangular DRA (rDRA) orientation with single common ground plane. The antenna is a four port MIMO antenna since each rDRA is excited by two ports. The rDRAs are positioned at different sides of the substrate. To excite the top rDRA, co-planar waveguide (CPW) fed conformal strip line is used at port-1 and port-2. Similarly, microstrip line fed conformal strip line is used in case of port-3 and port-4 to excite the bottom rDRA. By exciting orthogonal mode in the rDRA, the isolation between port [1], [2] and [3], [4] has been enhanced. Similarly, isolation level between ports [1], [3], [1], [4], [2], [3] and [2], [4] has been improved (better than 20 dB) by exciting the rDRA in opposite direction.
Online impedance measurement of the batteries and loads connected to a Modular Multi-Active Bridge Converter

Electrical distribution systems comprising different power sources and loads, such as electric vehicles, aircraft electrical distribution systems and residential microgrids, need for new power conversion architectures. Multiport converters are an alternative to conventional multi-converter systems to allow the connection of multiple power sources and loads that may change its power flow direction, allowing hot connection and disconnection. In these applications it may be of interest to measure the impedances connected to the ports, to monitor the system or the power sources, such as to control the state of lithium-ion batteries. This work is focused in the identification of the impedances connected to a multi-port Modular Multi-Active Bridge by using a broadband PRBS perturbation that allows for a quick test susceptible of being implemented online. The simulation results and the measurements on an actual 5-port converter show the feasibility of the proposal as well as the accuracy of the results.
Tensegrity Wrist Mechanism using Three Layers of Rigid Bodies and Strings

The paper begins with a literature survey on musculoskeletal structure of human wrist, which has three different functions of layer and joints such as distal radius/ulna layer as a mechanism base, radio-carpal joint and mid-carpal joint. Based on the considerations of anatomical structure of the human wrist, a new type of wrist mechanism is proposed by stacking up the structures of two class-one tensegrity systems sequentially. A few advantages obtained by using the tensegrity structures are found such as it is lightweight, it shows a compliance property when the external forces are exerted, and it does not have any contacts between rigid bodies stacked in the proposed wrist mechanism. Finally, we show that the tensegrity wrist acts like the biaxial universal joint having both flexion/extension and abduction/adduction.
A Behavioral Model for Solar Cells With Transient Irradiation and Temperature Assessment

The time to market of maximum power point tracking circuits for solar cells depends on the time of transient simulations. But, the traditional tools use a nonlinear resistor model for the solar cells. The question is if it is possible to use another nonlinear relationship to improve the convergence features. This paper presents a new method for modeling a solar cell, considering temperature and irradiation changes and an improved convergence performance. In this model, the solar cell’s current-voltage (I-V) characteristics for three irradiation and two temperature conditions are required, showing a feasible procedure. The proposed model is fitted to three commercial solar cells exhibiting a maximum average error of 2.51 percent. It is tested in a transient analysis converging to the expected values in a maximum power point tracking circuit.