Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interstellar dust: proceedings of the 135th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union, held in Santa Clara, California, 26-30 July 1988.

Section I: Dust in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium. - Measurements of Interstellar Extinction. - Insights on Dust Grain Formation and Destruction Provided by Gas-Phase Element Abundances. - Interstellar Extinction in External Galaxies. - Dust towards the Galactic Centre. - Linear and Circular Polarization in the Diffuse ISM. - Diffuse Interstellar Bands. - Visible/UV Scattering by Interstellar Dust. - Section II: The Overidentified Infrared Emission Features. - Infrared Emission from Reflection Nebulae. - Observations of HII Regions and Planetary Nebulae: the Infrared Emission Bands. - Aromatic Infrared Emission in Cirrus Clouds. - The Infrared Emission Features and PAHs. - The Infrared Emission Features and HAC Particles. - Optical Properties of Carbonaceous Materials. - Physical and Chemical Properties of PAHs. - The PAH Hypothesis and the Extinction Curve. - A Critical Assessment of the PAH Hypothesis. - Chemical, Optical and Infrared Properties of QCCs. - Grains, or Molecules? Thermal, or non-Thermal? - Infrared Emission Mechanism in Large Isolated Molecules. - Panel Discussion on Treatments of Processes in PAH Molecules. - Ection III: Dust in Dense Clouds. - The Heating of Interstellar Gas by Dust. - Dust in Dense Clouds. - Dust and the Gas Phase Composition of Dense Clouds. - Polarized Infrared Emission from Dust. - Section IV: Dust in Galaxies. - Far Infrared Emission from Galactic and Extragalactic Dust. - Observations of Infrared Emission from Galaxies. - Section V: Optical Properties of Grains. - On the Interpretation of the ? 2175 A Feature. - Pitfalls in Calculating Scattering by Small Particles. - Fractal Dust Grains. - Section VI: Interstellar Dust Models. - The Core-Mantle Model of Interstellar Grains and the Cosmic Dust Connection. - Bare Carbon/Silicate Theories. - Grains in Diffuse Clouds: Carbon-Coated Silicate Cores. - Open Panel Discussion on Interstellar Grain Models. - Section VII: Interstellar Dust and the Solar System. - Interstellar Molecules in Meteorites. - Interstellar Grains in Meteorites: Diamond and Silicon Carbide. - Interstellar Dust in Collected Interplanetary Dust Particles. - Comet Dust: Connections with Interstellar Dust. - Section VIII: Bust Formation and Destruction. - Dust Destruction in the Interstellar Medium. - Sources of Stardust in the Galaxy. - The Composition of Dust in Stellar Ejecta. - Dust Condensation in Stellar Outflows. - Infrared Emission from Dust in Supernovae and Supernova Remnants. - Summary. - Critical Questions for the Future. - Contributed Papers. - Addresses of Participants. - Object Index. - Index of Molecules.
Prognostic value of gain of chromosome 5q in localized renal cell carcinoma.

623 Background: While gain of chromosome 5q is a frequently seen cytogenetic abnormality noted to occur in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), little is known about its prognostic significance. We investigated the association of gain of 5q with disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with localized (non-metastatic T1-2) RCC. Methods: All patients from UCLA with primary tumor stage T1-2 RCC who had tumor cytogenetic analysis on tumor specimen were included. Alterations in chromosome 5q was specifically reviewed in this study. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess association of gain of 5q with final histopathology, ISUP grading, and T-stage. Cox proportional hazard modeling and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to assess the impact of gain of 5q on DFS. Recurrence was defined as any local recurrence or development of new metastasis. Results: A total of 676 patients were included in this study. Gain of 5q occurred in 108 (16%) patients and was more commonly seen in clear cell versus non-clear cell tumors (19% vs. 9%, p = .002). Gain of 5q was associated with low grade ISUP (1 or 2) of clear-cell RCC (p = 0.011). On survival analysis, there was a 67% decreased risk of RCC recurrence for patients with gain of 5q (HR = 0.33, p = 0.018). The 5- and 10-year risk of recurrence was 2% vs. 16% and 14% vs. 28% for patients with and without gain of 5q, respectively (p = 0.013). In multivariable Cox analysis, the gain of 5q was an independent prognostic factor (p = .026 with ISUP grade and p = .025 with T-stage). These findings were confirmed among clear-cell RCC subgroup. Conclusions: Gain of chromosome 5q is an independent prognostic factor associated with decreased risk of recurrence in patients with localized T1-2 renal cell carcinoma. Identifying patients with a gain of 5q will improve the stratification of the risk of recurrence, could allow to adapt the follow-up protocols and avoid adjuvant treatment.
Co-Optimization of Energy Losses and Transformer Operating Costs Based on Smart Charging Algorithm for Plug-In Electric Vehicle Parking Lots

The global transport sector has a significant share of greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) can play a vital role in the reduction of pollution. However, high penetration of PEVs can pose severe challenges to power systems, such as an increase in energy losses and a decrease in the transformers’ expected life. In this article, a new day-ahead co-optimization algorithm is proposed to reduce the unwanted effects of PEVs on the power system. The aim of the proposed algorithm is to minimize the cost of energy losses as well as transformer operating cost by the management of active and reactive powers simultaneously. Moreover, the effect of harmonics, which are produced by the charger of PEVs, are considered in the proposed algorithm. Also, the transformer operating cost is obtained from a method that contains the purchase price, loading, and losses cost of the transformer. Another advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it can improve power quality parameters, e.g., voltage and power factor of the distribution network by managing the reactive power. Afterward, the proposed algorithm is applied to a real distribution network. The results show that the proposed algorithm optimizes the daily operating cost of the distribution network efficiently. Finally, the robustness of the proposed algorithm to the number and distribution of PEVs is verified by simulation results.
XM 2013 – Extreme Modeling Workshop

The classic approach to grammar manipulation is based on instant processing of grammar edits, which limits the kinds of grammar evolution scenarios that can be expressed with it. Treating transformation preconditions as guards poses limitations on concurrent changes of the same grammar, on reuse of evolution scripts, on expressing optionally executed steps, on batch processing and optimization of them, etc. We propose an alternative paradigm of evolution, where a transformation can be scheduled for later execution based on its precondition. This kind of extreme evolution can be useful for expressing scenarios that are impossible to fully automate within the classic or the negotiated transformation paradigms.
Microcalcification and BMP-2 in breast cancer: correlation with clinicopathological features and outcomes

Background Microcalcification is a very important diagnostic information in breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of clinicopathological features and prognosis of breast cancer with microcalcification and to detect biomarkers related to the possible mechanisms of microcalcifications. Patients and methods All 529 subjects with microcalcifications were selected from patients who had been examined using breast mammography. The control group did not have detectable microcalcifications, and was matched in a ratio of 1:3. The clinicopathological factors, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival were evaluated by SPSS. Results There was a significant difference in tumor size between the two groups, with larger tumors in the calcification group than the control group, and the proportion of patients in the calcification group with tumors of >5 cm was 20.4% vs 17.2% in the control group (P=0.041). The proportion of patients with lymph node metastasis in the calcification group was higher than that of the control group (35% vs 27.9%, P=0.027). The recurrence rate in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) patients with microcalcification was higher than that in the control group (P=0.035 and 0.044). BMP-2 expression was higher in breast cancer tissues, especially in breast cancer tissues with microcalcifications. The recurrence rate in the BMP-2(+) group was higher than that in the BMP-2(−) group both in DCIS and IDC (P=0.044 and 0.049). Microcalcifications and the positive expression of BMP-2 were independent factors affecting the PFS of the breast cancer patients. Conclusion Through the analysis of this study, it was found that the prognosis of the patients with microcalcification was relatively poor. BMP-2 was highly expressed in the breast cancer with microcalcification and was associated with poor prognosis.
LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION AND EARNINGS IN MONGOLIA

Although, there are many interesting phenomena in the labor market, it is one of the least studied areas of Mongolian economy. Most of the existing literature is limited by reports on surveys conducted by National Statistical Office and International Labor Organization. While these reports provide useful insights into the overall labor market performance in Mongolia, they suffer from the usual aggregation bias and do not control for individual level effects considered in this analysis. The study shows in recent years, the labor force participation rate has decreased significantly. Moreover, if we convert returns to education into schooling years, one more year of schooling raises wage rate by about 10 percent.
Effect of Water C∶N Ratio on the Growth,Antagonism and C∶N Ratio of Bacillus,Lactic Acid Bacteria and Vibrio

From Litopenaeus vannamei culturing ponds,12 strains of Bacillus,lactic acid bacteria and Vibrio were isolated with their growth,antagonism and cellular C∶N ratio(C∶NB) determined in culturing waters with C∶N ratios(C∶Nw) of 2,5,10,15 and 20,respectively.We found that Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria grew well when C∶Nw was 15 and 10,respectively;while Vibrio grew well when C∶Nw was either 5 or 10.Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria significantly inhibited the growth of Vibrio when C∶Nw was higher than 10(p0.05). Accordingly,C∶Nw could be adjusted higher than 10 in order to enhance the growth of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria and inhibit the growth of Vibrio in aquaculture industry.
COST Action IC0906 WiNeMO Topic: Content-Centric Architectures for Moving Objects

The goal of this white paper is to describe representative usage scenarios and their corresponding requirements, as well as state-of-the-art technological solutions and open research directions for key functionalities related to content-centric architectures for networks of moving objects. The usage scenarios presented include smart transport, data dissemination in partially connected environments, collaborative sensing, and situation and presence-aware services. The functionalities discussed include name resolution, routing, forwarding, discovery, content sharing, in-network caching, and the generalization of content-centric networking to service-centric networking.
The effects of infection with Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis on the reproductive fitness of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Summary Malaria parasites are known to affect the fecundity of several species of mosquitoes but the effect of the parasite on the next generation of the vector had not been investigated. Here we report the results of a laboratory study designed to determine the effects of a rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis, on the reproductive fitness of females feeding on an infected blood meal. Female Anopheles gambiae from the same generation and of the same age and size were fed on a gametocytaemic or non-infected mouse, and the reproductive fitness of individual females monitored. Fecundity (total number of eggs produced) and fertility (number of larvae hatched) were significantly reduced by 41.2% and 61.8%, respectively. In the resulting offspring, there was no significant difference in the survivorship of the larvae. The sex ratio, wing length and symmetry, and the blood meal size of the F1 adults were also unaffected, suggesting that parasite-induced reduction in fitness is not carried over .
Effects of Supplemental Dietary Phytase on Performance and Blood Biochemical Parameter of Broiler Chicks

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of phytase enzyme on performance, blood biochemical parameter and tibia ash content of broiler chicks. Two hundred eighty Ross broiler chicks were located randomly to seven experimental diets at four replicates (cages) and fed from 5 to 28 days of age. A positive control diet (0.422% non-Phytate Phosphorus, nPP) and a negative control diet (0.316% nPP) were used, and five more diets were manufactured by supplementing the negative control diet with 300, 600, 1,200, 2,400, and 24,000 FTU/kg of exogenous phytase (Phyzyme XP). The addition of exogenous phytase above 600 FTU/kg and 1200 FTU/kg improved (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio and body weight gain of the birds fed the negative control diet, respectively. Decreasing nPP content in the diet reduced tibia ash (P<0.001) content and phytase supplementation increased it (P<0.001) as logarithmic liner equation. Phosphorus concentration of serum chicks fed negative control diet was reduced and phytase supplementation above 600 FTU/kg increased it. However, negative control diet increased alkaline phosphatase activity of serum and addition of phytase above 2400 FTU/kg reduced its activity to level of positive control diet (P<0.01). Albumin concentration of serum chicks was increased by addition of phytase above 600 FTU/kg diet. The lowest calcium content and highest total protein concentration of serum chicks were seen at treatment of 600 FTU/kg phytase. These results demonstrated that addition of 600 FTU/kg phytase to low-available phosphorus diets (75% of NRC recommended) improved performance of broiler chicks due to improve utilization of phytate phosphorus of corn-soy bean meal diets.
Using Clinical Pathway Patterns for Optimizing the Layout of an Emergency Department

During the recent years, demand for healthcare services has dramatically increased. As the demand for healthcare services increases, so does the necessity of constructing new healthcare buildings and redesigning and renovating existing ones. Increasing demands necessitate the use of optimization techniques to improve the overall service efficiency in healthcare settings. However, high complexity of care processes remains the major challenge to accomplish this goal. This study proposes a method based on process mining results to address the high complexity of care processes and to find the optimal layout of the various medical centers in an emergency department. ProM framework is used to discover clinical pathway patterns and relationship between activities. Sequence clustering plug-in is used to remove infrequent events and to derive the process model in the form of Markov chain. The process mining results served as an input for the next phase which consists of the development of the optimization model. Comparison of the current ED design with the one obtained from the proposed method indicated that a carefully designed layout can significantly decrease the distances that patients must travel. Keywords-healthcare processes; process mining; optimization; facility layout problem.
Oil Yield and Nutrients Uptake by Irradiated Canola (Brassica napus L.) in Response to Different Nitrogen and Irrigation Water Sources.

A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Nuclear Research Centre, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas- Egypt to investigate the effects of radiating canola seeds with γ-ray at three doses i.e. 100, 200 and 300Gy vs the non-irradiated-control on plant growth-performance and yield-productivity. Nitrogen-fertilization and source of irrigation water were also a matter of concern in this study. All experimental plots received the recommended dose of N-fertilizers in either of the following forms: 100% mineral-N, 100%organic-N or 50%mineral-N+50% organic-N. Also, a drip irrigation-system was constructed to irrigate canola plants with either fresh-water or treated-wastewater. Irradiation, in general, resulted in higher values of canola-dry-weights which were enhanced by increasing gamma-ray dose up to 300Gy. Similarly, NPK-contents within different plant parts of the irradiated-canola increased in an order coincide with the magnitudes of the used irradiation dose i.e. 300> 200>100>0Gy. Moreover, oil-yield was significantly increased with increasing gamma-dose. On the other hand, the enhancement of NPK-uptake was more vigorous in case of combined-fertilization-treatment (50% mineral-N+50% organic-N) than either application of 100%mineral-N or 100%organic-N. This consequently raised significantly root and shoot-dry-weights as well as seed-yield and canola oil-productivity. It seems that irrigation with treated wastewater resulted in higher increases in NPK-uptake as well as canola oil-yield than irrigation with fresh-water. Thus, it can be deduced that the combined-fertilization-treatment and high irradiation dose of gamma-ray had achieved the highest increases in plant-DW and productivity, at the same time these values were higher under irrigation with treated wastewater than those irrigated with fresh-water.
Control of Protein Hydrolysis in the Cotyledons of Germinating Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Seeds

The effects of removal of the shoot or whole axis on the levels of total, protein, and TCAsoluble nitrogen and on protease activity in cotyledons during germination of garden pea ( Pisum sativum L.) seedlings grown in the light have been examined. Removal of the shoot 1 week after soaking the seed caused a reduction in the rates of protein hydrolysis and of nitrogen transport from the cotyledons and an increase in the level of soluble nitrogen. When the entire axis was excised after 4 or 9 days there was a great reduction in protein hydrolysis while the level of soluble nitrogen remained the same as in de-shooted plants. In the intact plant, proteolytic activity of cotyledon extracts rose to a peak about 15 days after soaking of the seed and then fell rapidly. This fall coincided with a decrease in water content and in oxygen consumption by the cotyledons. Removal of the shoot or entire axis led to a much smaller and more gradual increase in protease activity and the subsequent decline in activity of the enzyme and senescence of the cotyledons were also delayed. It is concluded that control of protein hydrolysis in pea cotyledons is not mediated through the level of protease enzymes, as indicated by the proteolytic activity of tissue extracts, or by the amount of soluble nitrogen compounds accumulated. Protease activity seems to be controlled by the shoot and to be closely linked to senescence of the cotyledons. Protein hydrolysis and transport of nitrogen to the axis, on the other hand, are affected by the presence of both shoot and root and the axis appears to exert independent control on each of these processes.
Synthesis and Characterization of Blue Light Emitting Glassy Cadmium Selenite Nanoparticles

White transparent cadmium selenite nanoparticles for optoelectronic devices were prepared from aqueous solution of cadmium acetate dihydrate and sodium selenite by facile microwave assisted hydrothermal method. The average size of the prepared CdSeO3 nanocrystallite is found to be 20nm. XRD, EDX and FTIR studies confirm the structure and composition of CdSeO3 nanoparticles. The optical band gap energy of the material was estimated to be 4.8eV. Uniform transmittance is observed throughout ultra violet and visible region. PL spectrum of CdSeO3 exhibits a sharp blue emission peak at 439nm. TGA shows that the prepared CdSeO3 nanoparticles are very stable up to 655C. Index Terms cadmium selenite, luminophores, microwave, monoclinic, nanoparticles, semiconductor, transparent.
Pathophysiology and approaches in celiac disease management

Celiac disease (CD) is a common autoimmune disorder characterized by an immune response to ingested gluten and has a strong HLA association with HLADQ2 and HLA-DQ8 molecules, but human HLA-DQ risk factors do not explain the entire genetic susceptibility to gluten intolerance. CD is caused by the lack of immune tolerance (oral tolerance) to wheat gluten. The expression of soluble HLA-G in CD molecule plays an important role in the induction of immune tolerance. At present, strict and lifelong gluten free diet is the only effective treatment for celiac disease. Even small amounts of gluten (50mg/day) can be immunogenic; therefore all food and food items and drugs that contain gluten and its derivatives must be eliminated completely from the diet. In recent times, a number of targets to halt the process of immunological injury have been explored to find out alternative treatment for celiac disease. These targets include exploration of ancient wheat if they are less immunogenic, intra-luminal digestion of gluten using prolylendo peptidases, pretreatment of whole gluten with bacterial-derived peptidase before ingestion; prevention of passage of immunogenic peptides through the tight junctions such as zonulin antagonists, Blocking of HLA-DQ2 to prevent binding of immunogenic peptides, inhibition of transglutaminase-2, immune-modulation and induction of tolerance to gluten using gluten tolerating vaccines, use of gluten-sequestering polymers, use of anti-inflammatory drugs (glucocorticoides, budesonides) and anti-cytokines such as anti TNF-α, and anti-interleukin-15.
Results of fibrous matrix application with the aim of bone crest augmentation in the direct bone regeneration process

Introduction: The study of the GBER effectiveness with aim of existing bone deficiency correction with the use of different bone grafts and their analogues remains the actual issue of practical dentistry. Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of using a fibrous matrix for the purpose of jaw bony crest augmentation during the implementation of the guided bone regeneration procedure in order to optimize the conditions for the intraosseous titanium dental implants placement. Materials and Methods: In the study group bone augmentation was performed with a mixture of autogenous bone material and developed by the authors polymeric matrix from the Resorb X foam of the KLS Martin Resorb X foam; in the control group, as a bone replacement material, was used a mixture of autogenous bone tissue and allogeneic graft Cerabone. Research Results: Six months after the implementation of the guided bone regeneration procedure, it was found that the average increase in the vertical and horizontal parameters of the bone crest in the area of intervention among the patients of study group were 3,19±0,59 mm and 3,08±0,79 mm, respectively. Conclusions: The absence of a statistically substantiated, clinically pronounced or tomographically-registered difference in the studied indices indicates the possibility of an effective and predicted use of polylactic acid foams in the protocol of the implementation for guided bone regeneration of the residual jaw crest at the Adentia region in order to optimize the conditions for the intraosseous titanium dental implants placement.