Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drug Use Evaluation of Three Widely Prescribed Antibiotics in a

Background: Drug utilization studies are helpful in understanding the current practice. We have conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the relevant use of a group of most commonly prescribed antibiotics in a teaching hospital in Iran. The results of this study may be of help for clinicians to improve the patient care. Methods: Patients who received parenteral ceftazidim, vancomycin and amikacin from December2010 to May 2011 were enrolled in this study. Patient’s data including demographic, length of Hospital stay, drug allergy, first and final diagnosis were recorded in a predesigned data collection form. American Hospital Formulary Services (AHFS) book were used as a reference for evaluation of study drug indication and dosing according to diagnosis and microbiological culture. Defined Daily Dose (DDD) of each drug extracted from Anatomic and Therapeutic Chemical classification system (ATC/DDD) and drug usage data evaluated by calculating the ratio of prescribed drug to its DDD. | Results: The ratio of prescribed daily dose to DDD was 0.78, 0.95 and 0.86 for amikacin, ceftazidime and vancomycin respectively. Between amikacin group, 43 patients (86%) received drug empirically, the number of empiric treatments for ceftazidim and vancomycin were 45(90%) and 44 patients (88%). The renal function tests (Blood Urea Nitrogen, Serum Creatinin) were evaluated in 56% of amikacin group, 64% in ceftazidime group and 78% in vancomycin group. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the need to establish continuing medical education (CME) courses for physicians to familiarize them with standards required to use and monitor these agents.
Stochastic Forcing of Perturbation Variance in Unbounded Shear and Deformation Flows

Abstract The problem of growth of small perturbations in fluid flow and the related problem of maintenance of perturbation variance has traditionally been studied by appeal to exponential modal instability of the flow. In the event that a flow supports an exponentially growing modal solution, the initially unbounded growth of the mode is taken as more or less compelling evidence for eventual flow breakdown. However, atmospheric flows are characterized by large thermally forced background rates of strain and are subject to perturbations that are not infinitesimal in amplitude. Under these circumstances there is an alternative mechanism for growth and maintenance of perturbation variance: amplification in a straining flow of stochastically forced perturbations in the absence of exponential instabilities. From this viewpoint the flow is regarded as a driven amplifier rather than as an unstable oscillator. We explore this mechanism using as examples unbounded constant shear and pure deformation flow for which.
Influence of docosahexaenoic acid on the concentration of fatty acids and volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid analysed by a rumen-simulation techniques.

Changes in the composition and content of fatty acids (FA), including volatile fatty acids (VFA), in rumen fl uid were analysed by a rumen-simulation technique (RUSITEC) following dietary supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6; DHA). Three different diets were tested: basal diet (CON, 60 : 40 forage to concentrate), basal diet plus 0.65% DHA (Trt1) and basal diet plus 1.30% DHA (Trt2). The experiment lasted 7 days (6 days for adaptation and 1 day for sampling). Culture fl uid was collected every 2 h over a 12-h period on the last day of the experimental period. Compared to CON, the stearic (C18:0) concentration decreased by 76.93 and 80.35% when Trt1 and Trt2 were administered, respectively (P<0.01). Whereas the trans-vaccenic acid (trans-11C18:1; TVA) concentration increased by 185 and 126% compared to CON when Trt1 and Trt2 were administered, respectively, the cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration increased by 111 and 142%. Compared to CON, addition of DHA changed the profi les of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in culture fl uid, in which propionate content increase in replacement of acetate decrease. The concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA), TVA, and cis-9, trans-11 CLA were affected by the sampling time. These data indicate that dietary supplementation with DHA alters the VFA and FA content of culture fl uid; however, these data should be replicated in vivo.
Effect of Compensation, Motivation and Organizational Climate on Employee Satisfaction: Study on PT. Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Gedangan-Sidoarjo

The purpose of this research is to know and examine whether their effect compensation, motivation and organizational climate on employee job satisfaction in PT. Source Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Gedangan-Sidoarjo.This type of research in this study is an explanatory research and research using quantitative approach with the survey method. This study will determine the effect of pre-defined variables that explain the effect of compensation, motivation and work discipline and employee performance on office PT. Source Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Gedangan Sidoarjo. This research was conducted at the office of PT. Source Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Gedangan Sidoarjo. Total population in this study is as many as 400 people. Samples taken as many as 80 people, based on the Slovin formula with techniques proportional stratified random sampling procedure. Data collection techniques with survey method were using a questionnaire. Instruments used in collecting the data must meet two requirements, namely the validity and reliability. And the results are all valid and reliable. So that the instrument can be used in research methods analysis in this research is the analysis of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was using the Linear Regression Analysis.This research result significant influence compensation, motivation and organizational climate on job satisfaction with compensation and motivation significance value of 0.000 > 0.05 and a significance value of 0.019 job satisfaction. This case shows that both variables expressed Ho rejected. It can be concluded that there is significant influence compensation, motivation and organizational climate on employee job satisfaction in PT. Source Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Gedangan, Sidoarjo.
Editorial on the special issue “Geographies of Demographic Change: Theories and Narratives”

Demographic challenges and their various effects on European countries and regions have long been debated among policymakers, practitioners and scholars (see, for example, Bloom/Canning 2008; Börsch-Supan 2008, 2013; Steinführer/ Haase 2007; Ferry/Vironen 2011; Kröhnert et al. 2011; Swiaczny 2010). Despite a broad body of mainly empirical literature which exists both in research and practice of the social sciences and population studies, far less attention has been paid to the conceptual approaches underlying these debates. Notably, our observations show that the conceptual underpinnings and narrative elements associated with common terms such as “demographic change” or “demographic decline” are typically not touched upon in mainstream debates. Consequently, this special issue of “Comparative Population Studies” is motivated by the idea of framing a broader understanding of these phenomena by critically refl ecting the all too often taken-for-granted views, theories and concepts that are used for studying demographic change, as well as their implications from a multi-scalar, multi-actor and multidisciplinary perspective. Taking the normative dimension of discourses on demographic change into account, this issue particularly intends to move beyond positivist theorising or practical perspectives by focusing on the socio-temporal and socio-spatial contexts of demographic processes and challenges, i.e., the “geographies of demographic change”. By “geographies of demographic change”, we mean different and contextspecifi c confi gurations of regional demographic change. In this issue, they will be approached from a European perspective. Such contexts include, for example, urban versus rural areas, or federally organised states in Germany versus centrally organised countries in Northern Europe. The scope of the present special issue also addresses social change that accompanies demographic processes, including marginalisation and peripheralisation as two conceptual approaches. The contributions gathered in this special issue, including this editorial, thus intend to stimulate an interdisciplinary discourse on demographic change, focusing on different socio-temporal and socio-spatial contexts for demographic change. Altogether, these papers highlight the need to pay specifi c attention to the disciplinary origins and variety of the main terms used to denote demographic change and its Comparative Population Studies Vol. 41, 3-4 (2016): 207-224 (Date of release: 29.05.2017)
Obfuscation techniques for Java source code

Nowadays, software piracy becomes one of the headaches of any software companies. There are many techniques to protect a software from being copy, reverse-engineered or modified before delivering to user. Some of them can be listed out such as watermarking, embedding decryption keys in hardware, tamper-proofing, fingerprint code, virtual machine. Obfuscation is a very cheap and can be conducted at multiple levels of complexity and in multiple stages of a program. This technique secures the software by making it obscure and difficult for hackers to understand the function of codes and reverse-engineer. This project focuses on obfuscation techniques at the highest level of a program: source code, namely variable and class renaming, array restructuring, including array splitting, array merging, array folding and array flattening. The project uses Java programming language and Java Development Tools in Plug-in environment of Eclipse.
Evolution of the Pterosaur Pelvis

Pterosaur pelvic girdles are complex structures that offer a wealth of phylogenetic and biomechanical information, but have been largely overlooked by pterosaur anatomists. Here, we review pterosaur pelvic morphology and find significant differences that correlate well with pterosaur clades identified in some phylogenetic analyses. We find that the length and orientation of the iliac processes, position of the acetabulum, extent of the ischiopubic plate and presence of supraneural fusion in adult individuals are taxonomically informative. Ontogenetic changes in pelvic morphology dictate that osteologically mature specimens are required to assess the development of many of these characteristics. We suggest that pelvic characters can readily be incorporated into pterosaur phylogenetic analyses and may assist in resolving the controversial interrelationships of this group. Distinctive pterosaur pelvic morphotypes suggest considerable differences in stance, locomotory kinematics and hindlimb functionality across the group.
A Study on Learning Styles, Gender and Academic Performance of Post Graduate Management Students in India

The management courses in higher education has experienced a rapid increase in the number of female students in the past decade. A number of factors were found attributing to the cause including some major social and educational factors. These factors are well studied by the scholars in the past. However, there is still considerable gap in the literature pertaining to the relationship between learning styles and gender differences in the context of management education. This paper focuses on management education using Experiential Learning Theory (ELT) and explores the effects of learning styles and gender on the performance scores of undergraduate students in three successive academic years. Results of the study indicate that the distribution of learning style type preference of the chosen sample of students was more concentrated towards assimilating and converging styles. Further results also indicate non-significant difference of learning style and gender in all groups. The performance scores of males were found higher in Finance and Marketing disciplines, whereas scores of females were higher in Human Resource and International Business disciplines irrespective of non consistency in all the groups. The study concludes that instructors should use a learning strategy matching with the style of each learner in different majors of management opted by the students.
microRNAs AS PROGNOSTICATORS IN BREAST CANCER A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASTER PROGRAM IN BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY BY SAGAR KAFLE

III ACKNOWLEDGEMENT . IV ABBREVIATIONS . VII LIST OF FIGURES . VIII LIST OF TABLES . IX INTRODUCTION . 1 CANCER . 1 BREAST CANCER . 1 Epidemiology . 1 Classification of breast cancer . 2 Predictive and prognostic markers of breast cancer . 3 Potential prognostic and predictive factors . 6 miRNA . 6 Biogenesis of microRNA . 7 miRNA in cancer . 8 miRNA in breast cancer . 9 Mitochondrial mito-stress test . 11 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY . 13 MATERIALS AND METHODS . 14 PATIENTS AND SAMPLES . 14 RNA ISOLATION . 14 CDNA SYNTHESIS . 15 REAL TIME PCR . 16 TILS EVALUATION . 17 CELL LINE EXPERIMENT . 18 WOUND HEALING ASSAY . 20 CELL BLOCK PREPARATION . 21 MITOCHONDRIAL MITO-STRESS TEST . 22 DATA NORMALIZATION AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS . 23 RESULTS . 24 DETECTION OF TILS . 24 MICRORNA EXPRESSION IN TUMOR MATERIAL . 26 INHIBITION OF MIRNA LET-7B IN BREAST CANCER CELL LINES . 29 WOUND HEALING ASSAY . 30 IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICHISTRY . 33 MITOCHONDRIAL MITO-STRESS TEST . 36 INGENUITY PATHWAY ANALYSIS . 41 DISCUSSION . 43 CORRELATION BETWEEN TILS AND CLINICAL FEATURES OF BREAST CANCER . 43 CORRELATION BETWEEN MIRNAS AND CLINICAL FEATURES OF BREAST CANCER . 43 INHIBITION OF LET-7B IN BREAST CANCER CELL LINES . 45 FUTURE DIRECTIONS . 47 CONCLUSION . 48 REFERENCES . 49
Genotypic characterization of microsatellite markers in broiler and layer selected chicken lines and their reciprocal F1s

Populacoes experimentais de frangos tem sido desenvolvidas pelo mundo para mapeamento de QTLs, mas a caracterizacao genotipica delas nao e normalmente apresentada. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar genotipicamente duas geracoes F1 reciprocas e suas linhagens parentais com base na estimacao de parâmetros genotipicos. Estas geracoes F1 originaram duas populacoes brasileiras referencias para mapear QTLs. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: conteudo de informacao polimorfica (PIC), heterozigosidades observada e esperada e numero de alelos por loco nos cromossomos 1, 3 e 4. Todos os animais parentais e F1 de ambas as populacoes foram usados, em um total de 83 animais: 14 de uma linhagem de corte (TT) e 14 de uma linhagem de postura (CC), e 55 de suas geracoes reciprocas F1. Tanto as linhagens como as populacoes referencias foram desenvolvidas no Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Suinos e Aves (EMBRAPA), Brasil. Os genotipos de todos os animais foram obtidos a partir de 34 marcadores microssatelites localizados nos cromossomos 1 (13), 3 (12) e 4 (9). Com base na amostragem realizada, as duas linhagens exibiram um total de 163 alelos, dos quais 31 (31,1%) e 44 (33,0%) foram oriundos exclusivamente de CC e TT, respectivamente, com frequencias alelicas que variaram de 0,03 a 0,82. A heterozigosidade observada foi maior (0,68-0,71) em ambas as geracoes F1 do que em suas linhagens fundadoras devido ao desequilibrio de ligacao. Finalmente, as duas linhagens parentais possibilitaram a obtencao de geracoes reciprocas F1 com valores elevados de PIC (0,50-0,52) e heterozigosidade observada, bem como com um numero satisfatorio de alelos por loco (4,06-4,32). Estes resultados permitirao comparar e selecionar familias e marcadores microssatelites mais informativos em estudos de QTLs, reduzindo os custos de genotipagem.
Undesirable biological correlates of sheep with a high genetic value for clean fleece weight.

There is a negative genetic correlation between fleece weight and subcutaneous fat depth in Merinos, but the implications of this for body composition are unknown. This study examined Merino sheep with high or low estimated breeding values for clean fleece weight (CFW), selected such that both groups had similar liveweights. The high CFW group had 20% less fat in their body than low CFW sheep. The low fatness probably causes the reported decreases in reproductive turnoff, and is likely to reduce the resilience of high CFW sheep to seasonal shortages in feed supply. A better understanding of the risks associated with high CFW sheep may assist farmers to determine those situations where managing high production animals can allow genetic advances in improved fleece weight to be effectively harnessed for increased profit.
Adaptación del dispositivo de localización distal (DAD) al clavo universal de tibia, para el bloqueo de pernos sin uso de intensificador de imágenes

RESUMEN. La localizacion de los orificios distales en los clavos bloqueados continua siendo uno de los problemas no resueltos en la cirugia ortopedica. El uso del intensificador de imagen ha facilitado el procedimiento, sin embargo es un recurso que en nuestro medio no esta al alcance de muchos centros de atencion del trauma. El objetivo es mostrar la utilidad de un dispositivo para localizar los orificios distales, originalmente disenado para el clavo solido no fresado de tibia (UTN) que lleva el nombre de DAD (Distal Ainming Device), para la localizacion de los orificios distales del clavo universal (CUT) de tibia. Se incluyen 23 pacientes con 25 fracturas de diafisis de tibia, predominando el accidente de transito con mecanismo de alta energia. Se consiguio el bloqueo distal de los clavos y el tiempo medido fue entre 5 y 15 minutos (7.5 minutos). Resultados. Se consiguio exito con la localizacion de los orificios distales en cerca del 90% de los casos durante el primer intento y en el 100% en subsecuentes, mediante la aplicacion de un sistema estandar empleado sin intensificador de imagenes. Dentro de las ventajas de esta adaptacion se encuentran que se puede disminuir el tiempo quirurgico, asi como la exposicion del equipo quirurgico a la radiacion en la sala de operaciones, pudiendo aplicar el metodo en sitios donde se carezca de intensificador de imagen, de manera segura, facil, confiable y accesible.
Local Firms in Madagascar's Apparel Export Sector: Technological Capabilities and Participation in Global Value Chains

Structural transformation involves moving the economy away from a set of assets based on primary products exploited by unskilled labor toward knowledge-based assets exploited by skilled labor. The term technological capabilities refers to these knowledge-based assets—the technical, organizational and managerial skills necessary to achieve international levels of efficiency and quality. The objective of this working paper is to measure and assess the technological capabilities of local firms in the apparel export industry in Madagascar, as a first step before analyzing and explaining how firms have achieved these capabilities. In doing so, it uses original data generated from a firm-level survey specifically designed to measure technological capabilities based on strategically selected indicators across different categories of capabilities in apparel exports. Despite difficult country-specific conditions, particularly related to political instability, local apparel exporting firms have built significant levels of technological capabilities but segmented along ethnic and product lines. The specific types of international linkages played an important role in capability building, particularly the specific niche and higher value product specialization that comes with a particular set of buyers and related global value chain dynamics as well as the more embedded types of foreign investment due to diaspora linkages with local firms and regional production strategies.
A lower bound for the number of group actions on a compact Riemann surface

We prove that the number of distinct group actions on compact Riemann surfaces of a fixed genus g (at least 2) is at least quadratic in g. We do this through the introduction of a coarse signature space, the space K_g of skeletal signatures of group actions on compact Riemann surfaces of genus g. We discuss the basic properties of K_g and present a full conjectural description.
A Potential Model for Chemical Oscillations

Oscillation characteristics: induction period, oscillation period, peak potential, and total oscillation time of Belousov-Zhabotinsky systems, which consisted of bromate - oscillator [Ce4+ or Mn2+ or ferroin] - malonic acid were deter- mined using SCE/Pt and Cu/Pt electrodes. The solution potential requirements for appearance of chemical oscillations were determined by finding the concentra- tion limits of the reactants, bromate and malonic acid, and measuring the corres-ponding solution reduction potentials. A chemical oscillation model was proposed.
Model Predictive Control of Residential Baseboard Heaters with Distributed System Architecture

Typical residential HVAC systems employ mechanical or hard-coded deadband control behaviors that are unresponsive to changing energy costs and weather conditions. In this paper, we investigate the potential of electric baseboard heaters to maintain a comfortable temperature while optimizing electricity consumption given weather forecasts and price data. We first propose a distributed system architecture that utilizes mobile application platforms. We then develop, assemble, and deploy a sensor network and Internet server to collect real-time temperature data from an apartment. With these sensor streams, we identify a thermal model of the apartment. Finally, we propose a model predictive control algorithm and perform a software-in-the-loop simulation of the cloud-based system to demonstrate the economic advantage.
The SOPHIE spectrograph: design and technical key-points for high throughput and high stability

SOPHIE is a new fiber-fed echelle spectrograph in operation since October 2006 at the 1.93-m telescope of Observatoire de Haute-Provence. Benefiting from experience acquired on HARPS (3.6-m ESO), SOPHIE was designed to obtain accurate radial velocities (~3 m/s over several months) with much higher optical throughput than ELODIE (by a factor of 10). These enhanced capabilities have actually been achieved and have proved invaluable in asteroseismology and exoplanetology. We present here the optical concept, a double-pass Schmidt echelle spectrograph associated with a high efficiency coupling fiber system, and including simultaneous wavelength calibration. Stability of the projected spectrum has been obtained by the encapsulation of the dispersive components in a constant pressure tank. The main characteristics of the instrument are described. We also give some technical details used in reaching this high level of performance.