Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Landscape diversity and crop vigor outweigh influence of local diversification on biological control of a vineyard pest

The influence of local and landscape habitat diversification on biological control of the Western grape leafhopper (Erythroneura elegantula Osborn) by its key parasitoids Anagrus erythroneurae S. Trjapitzin & Chiappini and Anagrus daanei Triapitsyn was studied in wine grape vineyards. At the landscape scale, Anagrus rely on alternative host species in non-crop habitats outside of the vineyard to successfully overwinter, while at the local scale vineyard diversification can provide resources, such as shelter and floral nectar, which improve parasitoid performance. In a two-year experiment, plots with and without flowering cover crops were compared in vineyards representing a gradient of landscape diversity. While the cover crops did attract natural enemies, their populations were unchanged in the crop canopy and there was no difference in parasitism rate, leafhopper density, crop quality, or yield. Vineyards in diverse landscapes had higher early-season abundance of Anagrus spp. , which was linked to increased parasitism and decreased late-season populations of E. elegantula. Leafhopper densities were also positively associated with crop vigor, regardless of landscape or cover crops. Flowering cover crops did increase abundance of some natural enemy species as well as parasitism rate in vineyard landscapes with intermediate levels of diversity, indicating a local × landscape interaction, although this did not lead to reductions in E. elegantula densities. These findings indicate that, in this agroecosystem, landscape diversity mediates and in many ways outweighs the influence of local diversification and that E. elegantula densities were regulated by a combination of biological control and crop vigor.
An Assessment of Pawpaw Leaf Meal as Protein Ingredient for Finishing Broiler

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of Pawpaw Leaf Meal (PLM) on the performance of finishing broilers. Sixty 5 weeks old broilers were used for the study that lasted for 28 days. The sixty birds were assigned to four dietary treatments with fifteen birds per treatment in a Completely Randomized Design. Each treatment was replicated thrice. Four isonitrogenous and isocaloric broiler finisher diets containing 21% CP and 2800kcalME/kg were formulated. PLM was incorporated at levels of 0.5, 1.5 and 2.0% in treatments 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Treatment 1 had no PLM and was used as the control diet. Results should that the effect of treatments on final body weight, weight gain, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed cost/kg gain were significant (P<0.05). Birds on treatment 4 had a final body weight of 2972.5 g which differed significantly (P<0.05) from the 2612.5, 2785.0 and 2875.0 g observed for birds on T , T, an d T respectively. The same birds on treatment 4 gained significantly (P< 0.05) more weight of 1 2 3 2044.0 g during the study period. A feed cost/kg gain of N138.42 was also recorded for the birds on T as 4 against N167.28, N148.15 and N141.05 observed for birds on T , T and T respectively. Percentage of edible 1 2 3 cuts as represented by dressing percentage was also significantly (P<0.05) higher in the birds on T. The 4 meat of birds on T also had a significantly (P<0.05) general acceptability. It is concluded that a 2% inclusion 4 of PLM in the diet of finishing broilers could improve performance, carcass and organoleptic indices.
SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL BENCHMARKING SYSTEM An đ

Many WEB sites offer different approaches for learning engineering and scientific topics, but is there such an online system that offers the way for collaborative solving of benchmark problems in engineering and scientific domain. Here we describe a novel online system that enables large teams of engineers to solve their problems. In order to describe and solve the problems, programming languages like Matlab, C++, Python, and PHP etc. are used. Insight into solving efficiency is achieved by comparing different programming algorithms for the same benchmark problem, so the best algorithm can be determined.
Dhaka City Solid Waste Treatment for Saving the Surface Water

Purpose of the study is to reduce waste dumping system on open pit and reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emission by produce electricity from wastes. Furthermore, safe the surface water from the wastes. The study found that the wastewater from Dhaka city contained a diverse array of chemicals including toxic and nontoxic heavy metals, nitrates, phosphates, and harmful polyaromatic hydrocarbons that from organic or inorganic wastes. The experiment has done on wastewater sample collection and direct data collection. Then the data analyzed by the software simulation. The results are that 80% waste collection rate and High tech solid waste incinerator/treatment plan could produce per day 233MW electricity and potentially reduce totally 1.9-2.0 million tons GHG per year. In addition, by the analysis of this High Tech plan could reduce roughly 60% polluted wastewater effluents.
A Conceptual Model Using The Elliptic Curve Diffie–Hellman With An Artificial Neural Network Over Cloud Computing

Cryptography makes taking a cipher and duplicating the original plain content difficult without the comparing key. With all-around outlined cryptography, messages are scrambled in a manner that savage power assaults against the calculation or the key are everything except unthinkable. A solid cryptography obtains its security from the utilization of staggeringly long keys and encryption calculations that are impervious to different types of assault. Neural net application represents the following advancement in great cryptography. This study manages the utilization of a neural system in cryptography, particularly, the configuration of a neural system that can be commonsense use in cryptography. This focus also incorporates an experimental demonstration
Changing the Context of Student Engagement: Using Facebook to Increase Community College Student Persistence and Success

Background Community college leaders are now turning to social media/social networking sites for new avenues and opportunities to increase students’ interaction, engagement, and collaboration with peers, faculty, and staff. Social media may be a particularly attractive option because it can provide a potentially effective and exciting mechanism for catalyzing such connections for students. Purpose/Objective This study examines the use of social media/social networking sites and its relationship to academic outcomes in the context of community colleges. Population/Participants We used longitudinal data from about 17,000 students who joined a Facebook based online application (the Schools App) in seven community colleges across the country. We compared these members to students who did not join the app for an overall sample size of about 98,000. Research Design This study used a quasi-experimental design with propensity score matching and random effects regression to estimate the effects of online engagement on student outcomes. Findings/Results We find that there is, indeed, a relationship between social media use and academic outcomes. The most active users as well as passive users had the highest GPAs and chances of continuing the next semester compared to inactive members of the online community as well as compared to nonmembers. Conclusions/Recommendations We find that certain forms of online engagement have a distinct relationship with GPA and persistence. The results of this study also suggest that, although potentially valuable, it is not easy to build an online community. Sustaining continued use of the application was challenging and strongly dependent on the quality and relevance of the posted comments and discussion. Nevertheless, this study found that for those who continued to use the application, there were positive effects in terms of student outcomes. Our findings further support the notion that integration is relevant for community college student persistence, but the nature of that integration—more simultaneously social as well as academically oriented—is important to consider in both offline and online contexts. Recommendations focus on a more strategic use of social media, which puts specific emphasis on answering questions and getting involved in online communities and not using social media solely for marketing or dissemination of information purposes. On campuses where students realized that answers to pertinent questions were available (through administrators and peers), online engagement was of high quality. Sustaining high quality online interaction is therefore one element in ensuring a positive effect on student engagement and outcomes.
Real-time neuro-fuzzy digital filtering: basic concepts

In this paper we describe the neural fuzzy filtering properties in real-time sense; giving an approach about the real-time neuro-fuzzy digital filters, defined in acronym form as RTNFDF. This kind of filters require the adaptive inference mechanism into the fuzzy logic structure to deduce the filter answers in order to select the best parameter values into the knowledge base (KB), actualizing the filter weights to give a good enough answers in natural linguistic sense; this require that all of the states bound into RTNFDF time limit as a real-time system, considering the Nyquist criteria. In this paper we characterize the membership functions into the knowledge base in a probabilistic way respect to the rules set decisions without lost its real-time description, performing the RTFNDF. Moreover, the paper describes in schematic sense the neurons set architecture into the filter description. The results expressed in formal sense use the concepts exposed in the papers included into the references. Finally, we present in illustrative manner the RTNFDF operations using as a tool the Matlab© software. Explicitly, the paper has eight sections conformed as follows: 1. Introduction, 2. Neural Architecture, 3. Rule Base Dynamics, 4. Neural Rules, 5. Real-time Descriptions, 6. Restrictions for RTNFDF, 7. Simulation, Conclusions and References.
The South Ecuador subduction channel: Evidence for a dynamic mega-shear zone from 2D fine-scale seismic reflection imaging and implications for material transfer

[1] Tectonic processes that control the transition from poorly consolidated sediment entering the subduction channel (SC) to the seismogenic zone are documented using seismic imaging. We applied pre-stack depth migration and a post-processing sequence to a seismic reflection line acquired across the Ecuador convergent margin to obtain a 2D-quantitative image of the first ∼24 km of the SC. Structural interpretation shows that the SC consists of a 630–1150-m-thick, low-velocity, continuous sheet of sediment that dips ∼6° landward and undergoes shear deformation. The long sheet is bounded at top and bottom by decollement thrusts, and developed over time Riedel shears and basal thrust faulting and folding downdip, pointing to a dynamic mega-shear zone. Modeling the strong uppermost and basal SC reflectors reveals that they are associated with 40–80-m-thick, 50–350 m/s, low-velocity perturbations layers inferred to be fluid rich and mechanically weak. A fine-scale velocity model shows two anomalously low-Vp areas in the long sheet, advocating patches of over-pressured fluids. Evidence for Vp variations along the upper-plate foundation suggests either underplated bodies or a fluid-damage zone. A simple temporal reconstruction indicates that underthrusting the long sheet initiated >450 kyr ago and interrupted ∼54 ± 13 kyr ago, when frontal accretion resumed. During this transient evolution, the SC boundaries revealed highly unstable as most of the SC was underplated while down going plate material may have been sheared off and incorporated to the SC.
On the emergence of large-scale human social integration

One of the universal features of human sociality is the fact that our social networks are highly integrated – human societies exhibit several nested social layers including families, bands and communities. Several factors have been identified as creating disincentives for hostile intergroup relations, including economic interdependence (trade), intermarriage (exogamy), cooperative defence against external adversaries (warfare), and lack of patrilocal residential groups coincident with external war (absence of patrilocality with external war). We provide a tests of hypotheses relating to the correlates of amicable relations between communities (i.e. absence of internal war) using the standard cross-­‐ cultural sample (SCCS) database and Dow (2007) and Eff and Dow (2009) software that controls for autocorrelation and imputes missing data. Intermarriage did not have any explanatory power, there was a nearly significant effect of trade on the establishment of intergroup tolerance, and the evidential basis for cooperative defence and patrilocal residence were strong when combed into a multiplicative effect. This analysis is complemented with an exploration of the evolutionary factors underlying elementary forms of meta-­‐group organization in non-­‐human primates. Introduction One of the universal features of human sociality is the fact that our social networks are highly integrated. The level of social integration seen in humans is unparalleled by any other primate. Social integration is achieved by interconnections among groups via crosscutting kinship and affinity ties as well as reciprocal exchange and cooperation (‘ultrasociality’) (Chapais 2011, Hill et al. 2011, Rodseth et al. 1991, Wiessner 1977). Humans are characterized by a nested and federated social system, whereby smaller units are embedded within larger ones (Foley and Gamble 2009, Grove 2011, Grueter, Chapais, and Zinner 2012, Hamilton et al. 2007, Rodseth et al. 1991). How such multilevel or modular societies have evolved has recently attracted a great deal of attention (Grueter et al. 2012). The three archetypical tiers comprising this system are the family1, the band and the community or tribe2 (Birdsell 1968, Brown 1918). This tiered social system has most likely evolved through the crystallization of nuclear families within originally multimale-­‐
Capital Flows in the APEC Region

This paper describes the current episode of capital inflows to several Asian economies, summarizing the principal facts, the impact of the inflows, and policy options.25 The discussion also covers, when relevant, the similar experiences of Latin American countries, with an emphasis on the policy priorities that could ensure the persistence and sustainability of these flows, as far as possible. The analysis draws heavily on previous work by Calvo, Leiderman, and Reinhart (1993, 1994, and forthcoming, 1995), who used data for ten Latin American countries and eight Asian countries, as well as other recent studies undertaken in the IMF. The first part of this section describes the main characteristics and macroeconomic consequences of capital inflows to the Asian region. The second part discusses the role of external factors in the present inflows episode, as well as the likely factors that will determine the sustainability of these capital inflows. Finally, the relative merits of various policy responses to the surge in capital inflows are discussed.
Structural Parameters for Globular Clusters in M31 and Generalizations for the Fundamental Plane

The structures of globular clusters (GCs) reflect their dynamical states and past histories. High-resolution imaging allows the exploration of morphologies of clusters in other galaxies. Surface brightness profiles from new Hubble Space Telescope observations of 34 GCs in M31 are presented, together with fits of several different structural models to each cluster. M31 clusters appear to be adequately fit by standard King models and do not obviously require alternate descriptions with relatively stronger halos, such as are needed to fit many GCs in other nearby galaxies. The derived structural parameters are combined with corrected versions of those measured in an earlier survey in order to construct a comprehensive catalog of structural and dynamical parameters for M31 GCs with a sample size similar to that for the Milky Way. Clusters in M31, the Milky Way, Magellanic Clouds, the Fornax dwarf spheroidal, and NGC 5128 define a very tight fundamental plane with identical slopes. The combined evidence for these widely different galaxies strongly reinforces the view that old GCs have near-universal structural properties, regardless of host environment.
Employing a Pair of T-Shaped Stepped-Impedance-Stubs Inside the Free Area of Miniaturized Wilkinson Power Dividers with Harmonic Suppression Capable of Operating at Optional Frequencies

In this article, a pair of T-shaped stepped-impedance-stubs plays a key role in the structure of a Wilkinson power divider. In the first step, to find a general relation between electrical lengths and characteristic impedances of the mentioned stubs and consequently how the operating frequency can be chosen, an equation based on a mathematical analysis is obtained. Then, by using this equation, several miniaturized Wilkinson power dividers with the same configurations at different operating frequencies and capable of suppressing spurious frequencies are designed. Moreover, in each of these circuits 2nd to 16th unwanted frequencies are suppressed. The simulation results of the designed dividers are in good agreement with the expected responses predicted by the obtained equation. To validate the proposed method, a Wilkinson power divider at 0.85GHz as a sample is fabricated, and 77.83% size reduction is obtained. Furthermore, the fabricated divider suppresses 3rd to 21st harmonics better than −20 dB.
Determinants of Corporate Liquidity - An Analysis of Cash Holdings

The objective of the study is to determine and measure how and to what extent size of the firm, net working capital, leverage, cash conversion cycle and sales growth affect the cash holdings of corporate organizations. The study selected 395 non financial companies of Pakistan listed on Karachi stock exchange, for the purpose of examining the relationships. Financial data for 6 years period was included in analysis covering years 2005-2011. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, multiple regression and ANOVA were used to conduct the analysis. The results demonstrated significant relationship between cash holdings and the selected variables except sales growth. This study will contribute in understanding the factors affecting corporate liquidity by financial managers as well as the investors seeking to invest in Pakistani companies.
VISTA: project status

VISTA is a 4-m wide field survey telescope with a near infra-red camera and a demanding f/1 primary design now well into its manufacturing phase. We contracted out major items, and generated a coordinated approach to the management of engineering budgets through systems engineering, risks through risk management, and safety through the generation of safety cases. Control of the interfaces and science requirements has been maintained and developed through the current phase. The project is developing the commissioning plan to deliver an effective and safe facility. The current status of VISTA is presented as we move towards the on site integration phase.
A Measurement of Return for Mutually Exclusive Project under Ambiguity:Fuzzy Average Internal Rate of Return (FAIRR)

The main objective of this article is to analyze the average internal rate of return (AIRR) and the standard average internal rate of return (SAIRR) metrics on ambiguity contexts where fuzzy logic prevails. Either AIRR or SAIRR are employed improving the traditional IRR problems while determining cash flow returns. Having this in mind, we analyze, through a didactic hypothetical case, different AIRR aspects: its consistency in setting in order mutually exclusive projects of different size or scale; it congruency with the expected rate or the expected cash flow rate; and its versatility to adapt itself to fuzzy logic while keeping its coherence with net present value in setting in order alternatives.
RECHERCHE D’IMAGES ET CLASSIFICATION PAR MOTS VISUE LS ET DESCRIPTEURS FLOUS THÈSE PRÉSENTÉE À LA FACULTÉ DES ÉTUDES SUPÉRIEURES T DE LA RECHERCHE EN VUE DE L’OBTENTION DE LA MAÎTRISE ÈS SCIENCES EN INFORMATIQUE

FRENCH VERSION) . VII ABSTRACT . VIII FOREWORD. IX GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 1 Problem . 1 2 Objectives . 4. VIII FOREWORD. IX GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 1 Problem . 1 2 Objectives . 4 CHAPTER I IMPROVING BAG OF VISUAL WORDS IMAGE RETRIEVAL: A FU ZZY WEIGHTING SCHEME FOR EFFICIENT INDEXATION . 5 I.
A Static Malicious Javascript Detection Using SVM

Malicious script,such as JavaScript, is one of the primary threats of the network security. JavaScript is not only a browser scripting language that allows developers to create sophisticated client-side interfaces for web applications, but also used to carry out attacks taht used to steal users' credentials and lure users into providing sensitive information to unauthorized parties. We propose a static malicious JavaScript detection techniques based on SVM(Support Vector Machine). Our approach combines static detection with machine learning technique, to analyze and extract malicious script features,and use the machine learning technology,SVM, to classify the scripts.This technique has the characteristics of high detection rate,low false positive rate and the detection of unknown attacks. Applied to experiments on the prepared data set, we achieved excellent detection performance. Keywords-Keywords; SVM; static detection; malicious script detection
Degradation of Petroleum Refinery Waste by A Consortium of Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria Cultured on Combinations Of Medium C:N:P Ratio

Bioremediation is an alternative method to treat petroleum waste using microorganism into nontoxic end product. The method is relatively cheap, effective, and environmental friendly. A key factor influencing bioremediation process for petroleum refinery waste treatment is C:N:P ratio of bacterial growth medium. The objective of this research was to obtain C:N:P ratio of Stone Mineral Salt Solution (SMSS) medium that allow optimal degradation of petroleum refinery waste by consortium of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria. C:N:P ratio of SMSS medium was adjusted to ratio of 100:10:1, 100:10:0.5, 100:5:1, and 100:5:0.5. We demonstrate that optimal degradation of petroleum refinery waste by a consortium of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria was achieved in SMSS medium with C:N:P ratio of 100:5:1. It allowed 66.55% degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and 85.18 % decrease of chemical oxygen demand (COD) value.
Beyond Information-Sharing. A Typology Of Government Challenges And Requirements For Two-Way Social Media Communication With Citizens

Despite great advances in ICT, social media, participatory platforms and mobile apps, we seem to still be locked in the one‑way communication “paradigm” where information flows unilaterally from government to citizens and seldom vice‑versa. As a result, citizens are more receivers rather than conscious producers of information, data, ideas, solutions and decisions in the context of public policies. By means of an extensive literature review, this paper aims to explore the challenges on the part of government that prevent the transition to more dialogic governance and identifies the requirements for a meaningful application of social media for this purpose. The paper contributes to the literature in three ways: i) redefining a typology of social media‑based citizens‑government relationship; ii) clarifying the difference between challenges and risks of social media application by governments and identifying a typology of government challenges; and iii) identifying government requirements as a conditio sine‑qua non for overcoming these challenges upfront, enabling more effective two‑way interactions between governments and citizens. The paper concludes with discussion of implications and directions for further research.