Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Key transboundary plant pests of Coconut [Cocos nucifera] in the Pacific Island Countries – a biosecurity perspective

The movement of plant pests and diseases from one continent or country to another bypassing physical boundary is as ancient a menace as the drift of people themselves. Many of these species pose a direct threat to food security with progressive socio-economic perils affecting the livelihoods of people. The National Plant Protection Organisation of a country is vested with legislative powers to prevent the incursion of such species through the implementation of proactive measures such as risk assessments, monitoring, surveillance and controlling human-aided pathways. The unfortunate event of an unwanted incursion brings with it challenges of early detection and immediate implementation of eradication measures which are further compounded by capability gaps and funding constraints. The success of eradication is more than often determined by quick execution of appropriate emergency response measures and flexibility to scale operations when needed. Even with extensive and exhaustive eradication efforts applied, many-a-times the National Plant Protection Organizations face unfavourable results. Coconut is an extremely important subsistence as well as an economic plant for almost all island nations in the Pacific. In this view, existing transboundary pests of coconut in the Pacific Islands basin, namely Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle-Guam biotype, Coconut Lethal Yellowing phytoplasma and the Coconut Cadang-Cadang viroid pose more than a significant threat to countries free of these pests and which have put regional National Plant Protection Organizations on high alert.
Linking atomic force microscopy with nanothermal analysis to assess microspatial distribution of material characteristics in young soils

Coupling of atomic force microscopy (AFM) with nanothermal analysis (nTA) has the potential to assess material characteristics in soils on the lower µm-scale, but has been shown to require additional characteristics for clear distinction of materials. The objective of this study was to evaluate to which extent the combination of AFM-nTA with AFM adhesion force analysis and structural features allows distinction of organic materials in soils. Using soil samples from a chronosequence from the Damma Glacier forefield, Switzerland, as example, we tested a grid analysis approach for assessing distribution of adhesion forces and nanothermal characteristics. This approach was compared with an approach involving pre-selection of structural features of interest via morphological criteria. Only three types of nanothermograms were distinguished in the soil samples based on different thermal expansion-compression characteristics and phase transition temperatures. Combined evaluation of nanothermal characteristics, adhesion forces and morphological characteristics allowed distinction of a larger set of materials than using nanothermal analysis, adhesion force distribution or morphological characteristics separately. Part of the analyzed features showed a combination of characteristics similar to that of fresh bacterial cells which we analyzed as a potential reference material. Their stronger occurrence in the regions of interest of older samples than in those of younger samples may underline their relevance in soil development. Achieving the long-term objective of identification of materials still requires more information on reference materials, understanding the impact of mixed layering of materials on thermal profiles and the assessment of variability of the characteristics within and between different material groups.
Research on the social identity of adolescents with deviant behavior

Introduction. The difficultly predictable socio-economic and socio-moral difficulties of modern society at the stage in the development of our society have exacerbated the problem of upbringing and formation of adolescents, which negatively affects the process of their adaptation and socialization. This issue is addressed at different levels: legal, medical, psychological, social. Theoretical justification In adolescence, identity goes through a phase of formation, being in the zone of proximal mental development. Identity and identification are important characteristics of self-awareness. Timely identification of identification disorders makes it possible to detect deviations in the formation of identity in adolescents, which is extremely important both for diagnosing the personality of adolescents with deviant behavior and for their correction. Results. The problem of the formation of the social identity of adolescents with deviant behavior puts before the authors of the article the need to search for directed and indirect technologies for working with adolescents, taking into account the characteristics of their personality. The authors proved the difference in the social identity of adolescents with normalized behavior and adolescents with deviant behavior and identified the features of the social identity of adolescents with deviant behavior, having received a qualitative assessment after using diagnostic methods and analysis of the data obtained. The discussion of the results. The analysis of psychological and pedagogical technologies for the formation of the social identity of adolescents with deviant behavior has shown the possibility of using patterns of successful, socially approved behavior for various aspects of adolescent life.
RTDA Controller Design for Conical Tank System

One of the main concerns in process industry is the level control of nonlinear stochastic processes. Widely used conventional controllers are known for their simple structure but do not address the control issues well. They are not much suitable for controlling nonlinear processes because of tuning associated problems. In this study, a simple and more effective RTDA (Robustness, Setpoint tracking, Disturbance Rejection, Aggressiveness) controller is designed for a nonlinear conical tank system. An empirical model is built using the real time experimental data for two different operating zones of the conical tank. The designed RTDA controller promotes the tuning of controller parameters independently for getting optimum control performance than the conventional controllers. Each tuning parameter strengthens the overall performance of the closed loop system. RTDA controller is compared with PI-IMC and MPC controllers and is proved to be better in all the aspects for the competent closed loop performance.
Der Einfluss von Familie, Partnerschaften und Peerbeziehungen auf das Studium – eine Person-Umfeld-Analyse

Ein Ziel von Hochschulen besteht darin, den Anteil der Absolvent*innen zu steigern, die Studienabbrüche zu reduzieren und die Zufriedenheit von Studierenden zu erhöhen. Ein Grund für diese Entwicklung liegt in dem zunehmenden Bedarf an Akademiker*innen. Viele Universitäten und Hochschulen haben auf diese Entwicklung reagiert, haben eigene Evaluationszentren aufgebaut und führen regelmäßig Evaluationen und Studierendenbefragungen über die Studienbedingungen und das Wohlbefinden von Studierenden durch. Ein zentraler Faktor ist hierbei der Studienerfolg von Studierenden. Dieser kann unterschiedlich gemessen werden: z. B. als ein objektives Kriterium anhand von Noten oder als subjektiver Indikator aus der Perspektive der Studierenden selbst, d. h. ob man mit den Leistungen, die bisher erreicht werden konnten, zufrieden ist oder nicht (Blüthmann et al. 2008; Heinze 2018; Westermann/Heise 2018). Der subjektive Studienerfolg dient darüber hinaus als ein Frühwarnsignal für mögliche Studienabbrüche und ist dementsprechend ein hoch relevanter Faktor in der Hochschulforschung. Während sich jedoch die große Mehrzahl an Studien auf den Hochschulkontext bzw. auf individuelle Dispositionen beziehen, wird in diesem Artikel eine multikontextuelle Perspektive eingenommen und entsprechend danach gefragt, inwieweit weitere Kontexte, konkret weitere relevante Bezugspersonen wie Eltern, ein/e Partner*in oder außeruniversitäre Freundschaften, zusätzlichen Einfluss auf den aktuellen Studienerfolg ausüben. Der methodische Zugang basiert auf einem Mixed Method Design: Zunächst wird anhand der ersten Welle der LAST-Erhebung die Relevanz unterschiedlicher Bezugspersonen für den subjektiven Studienerfolg analysiert. In einem zweiten Schritt werden im Rahmen einer Person-UmfeldAnalyse 33 leitfadengestützte Interviews mit Studierenden ausgewertet, die dem gleichen Sample entnommen wurden. Dieses Mixed Method Design 1
A histological study of the effect of panax ginseng versus finasteride on induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats with potentiality of spontaneous recovery

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common non-malignant overgrowth of human prostate in old age that greatly affects patient’s quality of life. Finasteride, one of the routinely available regimens for BPH, caused several drawbacks. Recently a natural herbal product, ginseng, had shown a promising influence on various disorders through anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and other beneficial effects.Aim of the work: To compare the effect of panax ginseng versus finasteride on BPH. Together with evaluation of the spontaneous improvement of hyperplastic features.Materials and Methods: Fifty five adult albino rats were divided into 2 groups: control and experimental groups. BPH was induced by subcutaneous injection of testosterone (3 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Then the animals were subdivided equally into 4 subgroups: BPH was sacrificed at end of 4th week, Recovery was left untreated for another 4 weeks, Finasteride & Ginseng treated subgroups received oral administration of finasteride (5 mg/kg/day) & ginseng (200 mg/kg/day) respectively for another 4 weeks. Serum DHT level and weight of prostate glands were measured. Prostatic sections were stained with toluidine blue, H&E, Masson trichrome and immunohistochemical stain for PCNA and α SMA. Additionally, the sections were subjected to morphometric and statistical analysis.Results: BPH subgroup showed signs of hyperplasia of both epithelial and stromal cells while minimal improvement was demonstrated in the recovery subgroup. Finasteride treated subgroup showed apparent incomplete restoration of normal prostatic histological structure. While nearly normal histological architecture, biochemical & morphometric parameters were recorded in ginseng treated subgroup.Conclusion: Ginseng proved to have a therapeutic effect superior to finasteride through its anti-mitotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Discontinuation of testosterone administration resulted in inconsiderable regression of BPH.
Bubble Behavior on Horizontal and Vertical Carbon Anode Surfaces in Cryolite Melt Applying a See-Through Cell

Gas bubble behavior on a carbon anode in a cryolite melt have been studied by direct observation using a see-through cell. The bubble phenomena studied have been growth, coalescence and detachment during electrolysis. The anode geometry and surface orientation affect bubbles behavior. Therefore, two different anodes were tested, an anode with a horizontal facing-downwards surface and an anode with a vertical surface. Galvanostatic and potentiostatic measurements were performed for different current densities and different potentials with simultaneous video recording. At the horizontal anode for a constant current density/potential it was found that one large bubble was formed by growth and coalescence of smaller bubbles and finally the large bubble detached periodically. The frequency of the bubble release events observed from the video recordings was in agreement with the dominant frequency from the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis. For the vertical anode surface smaller bubbles were formed and detached either due to being pushed by the formation of other bubbles or by coalescence obtaining enough buoyancy. FFT analysis gave no dominant frequency. The diameter of detached bubbles from the horizontal surface and vertical surface was measured. The value was in a range 5.7 mm to 7.2 mm for the horizontal surface and in a range 1.5 mm to 3.7 mm for the vertical surface, strongly depending on the applied current density. The bubble diameter was decreasing with increasing current density for both surfaces. The smaller bubble diameter might be explained by a larger bubble induced convection and increased wetting.
Modelling Burglary in Chicago using a self-exciting point process with isotropic triggering

Self-exciting point processes have been proposed as models for the location of criminal events in space and time. Here we consider the case where the triggering function is isotropic and takes a non-parametric form that is determined from data. We pay special attention to normalisation issues and to the choice of spatial distance measure, thereby extending the current methodology. After validating these ideas on synthetic data, we perform inference and prediction tests on public domain burglary data from Chicago. We show that the algorithmic advances that we propose lead to improved predictive accuracy.
Molecular Electrostatic Potential Analysis of Nano-Scale Fullerene (C60) Crystals andSome Specific Derivatives: DFT Approach

Molecular Electrostatic Potential Analysis of Nano-Scale Fullerene (C60) Crystals and Some Specific Derivatives: DFT Approach Nano-scale fullerene (C60) crystals and its derivatives have been proven to make contributions in many types of applications. The molecular electrostatic potential of C60 doped with elements of Group III and Group V were studied by technical DFT-B3LYP /3- 21G** molecular modelling. The molecular electrostatic potential map (MEP) for substituting Fullerene by Group III and Group V, was painted on the surface using a red to blue scale. Results dedicate the substituted Fullerene to many important applications depending on the type of metal.
Influence of grain size distribution towards improvements of turbidity, colour and suspended particles in a riverbank filtration process - a column study

Riverbank filtration (RBF) system is an efficient and natural treatment technology which, consists of high capacity pumping wells, located adjacent to river. It takes advantage of natural attenuation processes that occur as surface water infiltrate through the riverbed to produce potable water. This research determined the influence of media size distribution, and its hydraulic conductivity and porosity as filter media, of sand and gravel. The efficiency of column model for riverbank filtration system to remove turbidity, colour and suspended solids was also determined. The best condition of column model to remove contaminants with different flowrates and different types filter media used was identified through this research. The column study was conducted with three different types of filter media; C1 (sand), C2 (gravel) and C3 (sand + gravel) and with three different flowrates; 20 mL/min, 25 mL/min and 40 mL/min. Based on the results, C3 (sand + gravel) shows the highest percentage removal for turbidity, colour and suspended solids, which were 28.5%, 59.1%, 71.4% and 29.4%, respectively, although at difference flowrates. The highest percentage of removal of suspended solids (71.4%) occurs at 25 mL/min. The highest percentage of removal of colour (59.1%) occurs at 40 mL/min. Longer contact time might improve the removal of these contaminants.
Current concept of oral health and its potential implications for policy and practice of dental health coverage and insurance: Post COVID-19 measurement

This review paper aims to succinctly discuss the current concept and definition of general and oral-health and its potential implications on policy and practice in regards to the dental health coverage/insurance post COVID-19 pandemic. In general, dental policies and coverage are treatment-oriented, largely focus on curative procedures with some portion for preventive care despite most of dental diseases being largely preventable. There is however still no universal consensus definition of health, leading to mixed-feeling in setting-up priorities and direction for health policy. The FDI-World Dental Federation has then published a new definition of oral-health, highlighting the broader determinants of oral-health and envisioning a discussion on the implications of this definition and, in particular, how to transform the new oral health framework into a policy and practice agenda. In Malaysia, it is predicted there will be increasing demand for public dental coverage post COVID-19, however the government is yet to be ready in fulfilling those needs, leading to worsening oral-health inequalities. The lack of healthcare expenditure with no health social-insurance model reduces the affordability and accessibility of patients to private services. Moreover, such narrow definition of oral-health, as influenced by the previous policies led to a limited coverage for common dental diseases, including oral health-related deformities linked to oral cancer and injuries. These are the major challenges for Malaysia. The government should therefore working in partnership, start subsidising dental fees of private health insurance, focus and integrate disease prevention and health promotion within it, to achieve WHO-goal of universal health coverage.
Bloodstream infection reduction rate within the first month after heart and lung transplant with broader spectrum antimicrobial prophylaxis

Introduction: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) occur early in the post transplant period, the aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate whether a broather antimicrobial prophylaxis at transplant could be helpful in reducing BSI incidence. Method: All BSI episodes occurring considered as early (until 30 days after transplant) or late events (from 31days to 365 days after transplant) were recorded. Before October 1st, 2018, vancomycin was used as prophylaxis at transplant (period 1); after October 1st,2018 prophylaxis included vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam (period 2) or a targeted prophylaxis according to the colonization bacteria detected through rectal swab. Results: One-hundred-fifteen patients received a SOT during the study (77 in period 1 and 38 in period 2),73 (63.5%) heart recipients, and 42 (36.5%) lung recipients. Fifty-four BSI episodes were recorded in 41 patients (36.7%). Gram-negative bacteria were responsible for the majority of BSIs. Twenty-four patients died during the study timeframe (22%) (type of SOT: 18 heart, 6 lung transplanted patients), having a BSI was a risk factor for death (HR 5.2; 95% CI 2.1-12-5, p<0.001). BSIs in the first 30 days after transplant accounted for 48% of all events. Overall BSI incidence rate was 1.15 per 100 patient/days in the first 30 days after transplant; 1.49 per 100 patient/days in period 1 and 0.58 per 100 patient/days in period 2. The use of broader antimicrobial prophylaxis was associated with reduced BSI in period 2 compared to period 1 (HR 0.39; 95%CI 0.16-0.93, p=0.035); CKD was associated with increased BSI risk (HR 2.45; 95% CI 1.1-6, p=0.048). At multivariate analysis the risk of BSI still remained reduced in period 2 (HR 0.38; 95%CI 0.14-1, p=0.05). BSI incidence between 31 and 365 days after transplant was 0.15 per 100 patient/days, age remained associated to BSI in the late period at multivariate analysis. Discussion: Broader antimicrobial prophylaxis at transplant is an option to reduce BSI incidence in the first month after transplant.
Parent and Provider Perspectives on Factors Influencing Treatment-Seeking and Recovery After Hospital Discharge Among Undernourished Children Aged 2-23 Months in Bangladesh

Background: Post-hospital discharge mortality is high among undernourished children in many low and middle-income countries; often exceeding in-patient mortality rates. Although a number of studies have highlighted a range of potential socio-cultural, economic and health system factors influencing paediatric post-discharge treatment-seeking and recovery, including in Bangladesh, few studies have explored parent and provider perspectives.Methods: As part of a large, multi-country prospective cohort study - the Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) Network - we conducted a qualitative study to understand the post-discharge treatment-seeking and recovery experiences of families of undernourished children aged 2-23 months admitted in two icddr,b (International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh) hospitals. To gather parent perspectives, we gathered in-depth qualitative data from family members of 17 purposively selected undernourished children from a rural and urban hospital. These data were supplemented by observations in hospitals and homes and from health worker interviews. We interviewed family members on discharge and again in their homes after discharge over several visits. Results: 13 of the 17 purposively selected children were reported by family members to have fully recovered by the time we completed our interviews; four had died. Important perceived drivers of treatment-seeking and recovery included advice provided while in hospital, media campaigns on hygiene practice, positive social and financial support from family members, relatives and neighbours, and the availability of free treatment. Key challenges included low household incomes, mothers having to juggle multiple responsibilities in addition to caring for the child, lack of support - and in some cases violence - from the child’s father, and family members’ preference for relatively accessible drug shops, physicians or healers over (re)admission to hospital. For most families, a range of challenges interplayed to contribute to early discharge from hospital against medical advice and to non-adherence to follow-up advice. Providers were primarily concerned about an inappropriately high use of antibiotics among families.Conclusion: Development of interventions that address the range of vulnerabilities that many families face is essential to support post-discharge adherence to medical advice and ensure recovery. These data suggest that potential interventions could include strengthening information giving during hospitalization on what post-discharge care is needed and why, reducing direct and indirect costs associated with hospital visits, engaging fathers and other ‘significant others’ in post-discharge advice, and building mobile phone-based support for follow-up care.