Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Persistent low-level viremia in HIV-1 elite controllers and relationship to immunologic parameters.

BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) elite controllers are able to control virus replication to levels below the limits of detection by commercial assays, but the actual level of viremia in these individuals is not well defined. Here, we quantify plasma HIV-1 RNA in elite controllers and correlate this with specific immunologic parameters. METHODS Plasma HIV-1 RNA levels were quantified in 90 elite controllers with use of a real time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay with a sensitivity of 0.2 copies/mL. HIV-1-specific immune responses and longitudinal CD4(+) T cell counts were examined. RESULTS The median plasma HIV-1 RNA level was 2 copies/mL (interquartile range, 0.2-14 copies/mL). A longitudinal analysis of 31 elite controllers demonstrated 2-5-fold fluctuations in viremia in the majority of individuals; 6 had persistent levels below 1 copy/mL. Viremia correlated directly with HIV-1-specific neutralizing antibodies and Western blot reactivity but not with CD8(+) T cell responses. Absolute CD4(+) T cell decrease was more common among individuals with detectable viremia (P = .04). CONCLUSIONS Low-level viremia is present in the majority of elite controllers and is associated with higher HIV-1-specific antibody responses. Absolute CD4(+) T cell loss is more common among viremic individuals, suggesting that even very low-level viremia has negative consequences over time.
Induction of Pyrophosphate-Dependent Phosphofructokinase in Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Cotyledons Coincides with Insufficient Cytosolic D-Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate 1-Phosphohydrolase to Sustain Gluconeogenesis

During germination of Citrullus lanatus, pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase (PFP) activity is induced. The peak of PFP activity coincides with the maximum gluconeogenic flux and high fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P2) concentrations. Determination of cytosolic fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase (FBPase) activity in crude extracts is unreliable because of the high PFP activity. The FBPase activity, after correction for the contaminating PFP, is only one-third of the PFP activity. Purified cytosolic FBPase is inhibited by Fru-2,6-P2. The low cytosolic FBPase activity and high Fru-2,6-P2 most probably result in inadequate in vivo activity to catalyze the observed gluconeogenic flux. The total PFP activity is sufficient to catalyze the required carbon flux.
Deep semantic encodings for language modeling

Word error rate (WER) is not an appropriate metric for spoken language systems (SLS) because lower WER does not necessarily yield better understanding performance. Therefore, language models (LMs) that are used in SLS should be trained to jointly optimize transcription and understanding performance. Semantic LMs (SELMs) are based on the theory of frame semantics and incorporate features of frames and meaning bearing words (target words) as semantic context when training LMs. The performance of SELMs is affected by the errors on the ASR and the semantic parser output. In this paper we address the problem of coping with such noise in the training phase of the neural network-based architecture of LMs. We propose the use of deep autoencoders for the encoding of semantic context while accounting for ASR errors. We investigate the optimization of SELMs both for transcription and understanding by using deep semantic encodings. Deep semantic encodings suppress the noise introduced by the ASR module, and enable SELMs to be optimized adequately. We assess the understanding performance by measuring the errors made on target words and we achieve 3.7% relative improvement over recurrent neural network LMs.
Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax Shuttles between Functionally Discrete Subcellular Targets

ABSTRACT Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax is a nuclear protein with striking pleiotropic functionality. We recently demonstrated that Tax localizes to a multicomponent nuclear speckled structure (Tax speckled structure [TSS]). Here, we examine these structures further and identify a partial overlap of TSS with transcription hot spots. We used a strategy of directed expression via fusion proteins to determine if these transcription sites are the subtargets within TSS required for Tax function. When fused to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat, the resulting Tat-Tax fusion protein displayed neither a Tat-like nor a Tax-like pattern but rather was targeted specifically to the transcription subsites. The Tat-Tax fusion was able to activate both the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) and the HTVL-1 LTR at the same level as the individual component; thus, targeting proteins to transcription hot spots was compatible with both Tax and Tat transcription function. In contrast, the fusion with HIV-1 Rev, Rev-Tax, resulted in a pattern of expression that was largely Rev-like (nucleolar and cytoplasmic). The reduced localization of Rev-Tax to transcription sites was reflected in a 10-fold drop in activation of the HTLV-1 LTR. However, there was no loss in the ability of Tax to activate via NF-κB. Thus, NF-κB-dependent Tax function does not require targeting of Tax to these transcription sites and suggests that activation via NF-κB is a cytoplasmic function. Selective mutation of the nuclear localization signal site in the Rev portion resulted in retargeting of Rev-Tax to TSS and subsequent restoration of transcription function, demonstrating that inappropriate localization preceded loss of function. Mutation of the nuclear export signal site in the Rev portion had no effect on transcription, although the relative amount of Rev-Tax in the cytoplasm was reduced. Finally, in explaining how Tax can occupy multiple subcellular sites, we show that Tax shuttles from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in a heterokaryon fusion assay. Thus, pleiotropic functionality by Tax is regulatable via shuttling between discrete subcellular compartments.
A New Queueing Model for QoS Analysis of IEEE 802.11 DCF with Finite Buffer and Load

Quality of Service (QoS) and queue management are important issues for IEEE 802.11 systems. However, existing 2-dimensional (2-D) Markov chain models of 802.11 systems are unable to capture the complete QoS performance and queueing behavior due to the lack of an adequate finite buffer model. We present a 3-dimensional (3-D) Markov chain that integrates the 802.11 system contention resolution and queueing processes into one model. The 3rd dimension, that models the queue length, allows us to accurately capture important QoS measures, delay and loss, plus throughput and queue length, for realistic 802.11 systems with finite buffer under finite load. We derive an efficient method for solving the steady state probabilities of the Markov chain. Our 3-D Markov chain is the first finite buffer model defined and solved for 802.11 systems. The solutions, validated by extensive simulations, capture the system dynamics over a wide range of traffic load, buffer capacity, and network size. Our 3-D model points to the existence of an effective maximum throughput and shows its relationship with buffer capacity. We demonstrate that our 3-D model can also be used in resource allocation to determine adequate buffer sizes under a particular QoS constraint.
[Readmission among discharged psychiatric patients and it's correlates].

OBJECTIVE This study investigated the incidence of readmission among discharged psychiatric patients and examined factors predicting early readmission. METHODS A cohort of 343 patients, who had been hospitalized involuntarily to mental hospitals for medical care and custody, and who were discharged between April 1991 and September 1993, in two areas served by Fukuoka Prefectural Yamato Health Center (n = 163) and Tagawa Health Center (n = 180) were followed up until November 1994. RESULTS The readmission rates within 6 months of discharge in Yamato Health Center and Tagawa Health Center were 17% and 22%, and within 1 year were 30% and 31% respectively. From Cox's proportional hazards model, alcohol/drug abuse, many of previous admission, long length of recent hospitalization, payment of medical care cost from public assistance, complication of physical disorders, living without a person responsible for custody after discharge, no request of health center's service by the hospital and discharge from a large-scale mental hospital were significantly related to increased risk of readmission. Not a few patients could not be followed up completely because of early drop-out of treatment. The drop-out rates within 1 month of discharge in Yamato Health Center and Tagawa Health Center were 10% and 26%, and within 1 year were 15% and 27% respectively. CONCLUSIONS The rates of readmission and drop-out of treatment among discharged psychiatric patients were considerably high. This study clarified that rapid establishment of a mental health system supporting the mentally disabled in a community is an urgent need in Japan.
Les iSchools : l’information, la technologie et l’individu

Les iSchools sont un regroupement d’ecoles s’interessant a l’information, a la technologie et aux utilisateurs. Elles emergent des ecoles de bibliotheconomie et de la tradition educative en bibliotheconomie et sciences de l’information (BSI). Soixante-cinq ecoles reparties dans le monde entier font presentement partie du mouvement des iSchools. En Amerique du Nord, les iSchools sont majoritairement en lien etroit avec l’American Library Association (ALA), en raison du processus d’agrement des programmes de maitrise qui y sont toujours offerts. Meme si l’ALA valide la formation des professionnels de l’information et que les iSchools s’interessent a la formation des chercheurs qui etudient l’information comme phenomene, les deux perspectives peuvent etre complementaires.
Design, Testing, and Implementation of a Linear State Estimator in a Real Power System

As more phasor measurement units (PMUs) are installed, portions of the power grid become observable with just phasor measurements, making feasible the estimation of the state of these observable portions at much faster rates than the traditional state estimator. Although such a linear state estimator (LSE) was proposed over a decade ago, the first field implementation was completed at Dominion Virginia Power in 2013. Although this LSE is a stand-alone function not integrated to their energy management system (EMS), it demonstrated the feasibility of the LSE. In this paper, we present the design, development, and implementation of an LSE that is fully integrated with the existing EMS and can estimate the state of the extra high voltage portion of a power system at 30 times per second. Integration of the LSE to the existing EMS environment and some of the issues in the design and testing are presented in this paper. The work paved way for LSE to supply cleansed PMU data to other synchrophasor applications that are sensitive to data quality.
Identification of clinical features and autoantibodies associated with calcinosis in dermatomyositis.

IMPORTANCE Prior studies have estimated that up to 20% of adults with dermatomyositis (DM) have calcinosis, which can lead to significant morbidity. Identification of risk factors may provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis and ultimately therapy for this difficult clinical problem. Risk factors for calcinosis in adults with DM have not been extensively studied. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of calcinosis and to identify associated clinical features in a cohort of extensively phenotyped adults with DM. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional study of 126 patients diagnosed as having DM from January 1, 2006, through January 1, 2013, was performed. Patients were adults (≥18 years of age) attending the Stanford University Medical Center clinic. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Calcinosis, defined as the presence of calcium deposition in the skin and subcutaneous tissues on physical examination. RESULTS Fourteen patients (11.1%) had calcinosis, with the extremities most commonly involved. Patients with vs those without calcinosis had a longer disease duration (median, 6.9 years; range, 2.4-18.1; vs median, 3.9 years; range, 0.2-19.2 years; P = .003) and more fingertip ulcers (50.0% vs 9.3%, P < .001). An association between calcinosis and both interstitial lung disease and anti-MDA-5 autoantibodies was identified, but this association did not persist in multivariate models that adjusted for fingertip ulcers. Fingertip ulcers and disease duration were strongly associated with calcinosis in all multivariate models, independent of the underlying autoantibody present. Autoantibodies to NXP-2 were associated with calcinosis (odds ratio, 15.52; 95% CI, 2.01-119.90), whereas anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1-γ antibodies were protective (odds ratio, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.01-0.99) in multivariate analyses that adjusted for fingertip ulcers and other covariates. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Calcinosis was a relatively uncommon clinical feature in our cohort of adults with DM. Our data suggest that calcinosis is positively associated with longer disease duration, fingertip ulcers, and NXP-2 autoantibodies and negatively associated with transcriptional intermediary factor 1-γ antibodies. A common vascular mechanism may underlie the development of both calcinosis and fingertip ulcers in patients with DM.
Empathy Deficits in Asperger Syndrome: a Cognitive Profile

Although lack of empathy has been considered a central characteristic of Asperger syndrome, quantitative and qualitative assessments of empathy in this syndrome are lacking. We present two cases of adolescents with Asperger syndrome who show extreme deficits on measures of both cognitive and affective empathy. Analysis of their performance on tasks assessing cognitive and affective processing did not reveal significant impairment in executive functions, nor in their ability to recognize emotions or the ability to create a mental representation of another person’s knowledge. However, both patients were unable to integrate the emotional content with mental representations and deduce the other person’s emotional state. These results suggest that impaired empathy in individuals with Asperger syndrome may be due to impaired integration of the cognitive and affective facets of the other person’s mental state.
Context-Based Assignment and Execution of Human-centric Mobile Services

Performing tasks with the help of smart mobile devices is demanded for various areas in everyday life. In business environments, for example, tasks requiring complex paper work (e.g., paper-based documentation in the context of machine maintenance) shall be digitally transformed with the use ofsmart mobile devices. However, the realization of respective mobile applications is challenging as coordination issues have to be addressed in this context. For example, mobile application A performing task A may have to be finished before mobile application B performing task B may be started, i.e., human-centric mobile services need to be coordinated. To accomplish the latter, a formal context capturing service dependencies is required, while at the same time considering the mobile context of each involved human-centric mobile service needs to be considered. The presented approach extends existing process management technology with mobile activities to enable this. More precisely, we developed a mobile context framework that allows for a robust and flexible execution of mobile activities. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated through a prototypical implementation as well as case studies. Altogether, the support of human-centric mobile services is promising regarding work efficiency in numerous scenarios and application domains in everyday life.
Análisis del ECG para la detección automática del patrón característico del síndrome de Brugada

El sindrome de Brugada es una enfermedad hereditaria caracterizada por un patron electrocardiografico caracteristico, asi como por un aumento del riesgo de sufrir arritmias cardiacas y muerte subita. No existen actualmente indicadores objetivos que permitan determinar el riesgo individual, por lo que la elegibilidad para la implantacion de desfibriladores automaticos implantables con el fin de prevenir eventos de muerte subita genera todavia gran controversia. Dado que el electrocardiograma (ECG) proporciona informacion cardiaca de forma no invasiva, se presenta un algoritmo automatico capaz de detectar parametros electrocardiograficos relevantes en la enfermedad. De este modo, futuros estudios que incluyan grandes series de pacientes permitiran determinar el valor pronostico de las diferentes variables detectadas. El algoritmo integra funciones disponibles previamente desarrolladas para la lectura y delineacion de senales ECG y propone una expansion centrada en la deteccion de parametros como la carga de latidos con patron de Brugada, elevacion del segmento ST, duracion del segmento ST y de los intervalos PR, QRS y QTc, la variabilidad del ritmo cardiaco (VRC), la alternancia de la onda T o la carga de extrasistoles ventriculares, entre otros. El codigo se testeo en registros ECG continuos de 12 derivaciones y 24 horas de duracion de dos pacientes con diferentes grados de severidad y un caso control, obteniendo tendencias relacionadas con la VRC y la carga de latidos con patron de Brugada. Asimismo, se analizaron diferentes colocaciones de los electrodos con el objetivo de concluir la configuracion mas sensible para la deteccion del patron caracteristico.
It's easier to get along with the quiet neighbours

Why are neighbouring genes co‐expressed at the RNA level? While it is tempting to think that this is to enable coordination of functionally related proteins, analysis of human proteomics data by Rappsilber and colleagues (Kustatscher et al, ) suggests this is the exception not the rule. Rather it might either be just something that happens or, in some instances, an epiphenomenon of coordination of expression to enable reduced gene expression noise.
Extraction socket healing in humans after ridge preservation techniques: comparison between flapless and flapped procedures in a randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND The preservation of hard and soft tissue volume, partially lost after tooth removal, can potentially reduce the need for the more demanding augmentation procedures used in implant-supported rehabilitation. The objective of this research study is to investigate the effect of filling with xenogeneic material the postextractive sockets of two surgical procedures (flapless versus flapped). METHODS In this prospective randomized clinical survey, two types of socket preservation were performed on two groups of patients: the control, treated via full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap, and the test, via a flapless procedure. Anatomic measurements and related outcome variables at the third month were analyzed using multiway analysis of variance. Multiple comparison tests, using Tukey honestly significant difference test, and appropriate pairwise comparison tests for independent samples were carried out. RESULTS Sixty-four patients were treated, 32 for each of the two socket preservation procedures. Statistically significant differences were registered for the output variables -- changes in width of keratinized gingiva, changes in bucco-lingual width, and vertical bone changes at four sites -- between the two socket preservation techniques, with P values of <0.001, <0.001, and 0.0105, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap gave significantly more negative results than that of the less-demanding flapless procedure, with an increased width resorption of the postextraction site. Moreover, the increased value of the keratinized gingival width attested to the positive outcome of a flapless procedure in terms of soft tissue preservation and improvement. On the other hand, the flapped technique seemed to show less vertical bone resorption on the buccal aspect than the flapless technique.
Competence and responsiveness in mothers of late preterm infants versus term infants.

OBJECTIVE To compare maternal competence and responsiveness in mothers of late preterm infants (LPIs) with mothers of full-term infants. DESIGN A nonexperimental repeated-measures design was used to compare maternal competence and responsiveness in two groups of postpartum mothers and the relationship of the theoretical antecedents to these outcomes. SETTING Urban academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS Mothers of late preterm infants (34-36, 6/7-weeks gestation) and mothers of term infants (≥37-weeks gestation), including primiparas and multiparas. Data were collected after delivery during the postpartum hospital stay and again at 6-weeks postpartum. METHODS Descriptive and inferential analysis. RESULTS A total of 70 mothers completed both data collection periods: 49 term mothers and 21 LPI mothers. There were no differences between the two groups related to their perception of competence or responsiveness at delivery or 6-weeks postpartum. At 6-weeks postpartum, none of the assessed factors in the model was significantly related to competence or responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS The results, which may have been limited by small sample size, demonstrated no difference in the perceptions of LPI and term mothers related to competence or responsiveness. Maternal stress and support were significantly related to other factors in the model of maternal competence and responsiveness.
Inteligencia competitiva: de la información a la competitividad por el conocimiento

El aprovechamiento estrategico del potencial que ofrecen los sistemas de informacion es ya hoy como una cuestion de supervivencia ya que las empresas interactuan cada vez mas en entornos globalizados, dinamicos y complejos. Bajo estas condiciones un reto fundamental para toda organizacion es la busqueda de informacion relevante, rapida y sensible a sus factores criticos de exito, lo que propicia un incremento de la necesidad de la Inteligencia Competitiva, ampliando las perspectivas de los sistemas de informacion de una gestion de procesos semi-automatizados de informacion en la mayoria de los casos basados en sistemas de gestion administrativos a la innovacion continuada en este proceso de busqueda permanente y relevante para un mejor entendimiento y aprovechamiento del entorno de negocios y de la evolucion industrial. Si bien la variable “entorno” puede ser considerada desde diferentes aspectos, la inteligencia competitiva lo aborda bajo la optica de la complejidad, consecuencia de su dinamismo, lo que induce a plantearse procesos especifi cos para su correcto analisis y aportacion. Ante esta complejidad del entorno, la gestion del conocimiento sera una variable clave para afrontar este desafio en un momento en el que adicionalmente el volumen de informacion disponible no deja de aumentar. En este trabajo presentamos algunas propuestas obtenidas de la evolucion conocida, fruto de anos de investigacion en sectores industriales, que han seguido para afrontar estos desafios actuales diferentes tipos de organizaciones, donde mostraremos la necesidad de determinados replanteamientos organizativos para asumir tecnicas de inteligencia competitiva que aprovechen las oportunidades actuales de vinculacion entre organizacion y su entorno desde las competencias distintivas de la organizacion