Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth and protein turnover during acclimation to acid and aluminum in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

On a mesure la croissance, la quantite de nourriture absorbee, ainsi que la synthese (k s ) et la degradation (k d ) des proteines dans les branchies, le foie et tout l'organisme de jeunes truites arc-en-ciel, Oncorhynchus mykiss, au cours d'une exposition d'une duree de 32 jours a une concentration subletale d'acide (pH 5,2) et d'acide + d'aluminum (Al) (30 μg.L -1 ) dans de l'eau douce. La diminution de k s (17%) et de k d (27%) apres 15 jours (aucune donnee disponible apres la 15 e journee) etait le seul effet observe dans le cas de l'exposition a l'acide seulement. L'exposition a l'acide + Al entrainait une perte d'appetit, une reduction de 73% du taux de croissance pour tout l'organisme et une reduction de 36% de la valeur de k s dans tout l'organisme au cours des 7 premiers jours; tous ces parametres sont redevenus normaux ulterieurement, mais la masse corporelle moyenne etait encore assez faible apres 32 jours. La k s et la k d dans les branchies etaient considerablement stimulees apres 7 jours et la k s dans les branchies etait encore elevee apres 32 jours, ce qui laisse supposer qu'il y a un cout chronique aux processus de reparation et (ou) d'acclimatation des branchies, meme apres recuperation physiologique. Toutefois, ce cout eleve etait faible si l'on tient compte du bilan de synthese proteique pour tout l'organisme. Parmi les autres effets chroniques, on compte une diminution de la k s et de la k d dans le foie, une diminution de l'efficacite de transport dans tout l'organisme et une hypertrophie du foie. La conversion de la nourriture en croissance etait paradoxalement accrue a toutes les etapes de l'exposition a l'acide + Al, mais cette observation etait peut-etre le resultat d'une reduction des activites habituelles.
Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) based polymer nanocomposite membranes for gas separation

As synthesised ZIF-8 nanoparticles (size ∼ 60 nm and specific surface area ∼ 1300–1600 m2 g−1) were directly incorporated into a model polymer matrix (Matrimid® 5218) by solution mixing. This produces flexible transparent membranes with excellent dispersion of nanoparticles (up to loadings of 30 wt%) with good adhesion within the polymer matrix, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and gas sorption studies. Pure gas (H2, CO2, O2, N2 and CH4) permeation tests showed enhanced permeability of the mixed matrix membrane with negligible losses in selectivity. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) indicated that an increase in the free volume of the polymer with ZIF-8 loading together with the free diffusion of gas through the cages of ZIF-8 contributed to an increase in gas permeability of the composite membrane. The gas transport properties of the composite membranes were well predicted by a Maxwell model whilst the processing strategy reported can be extended to fabricate other polymer nanocomposite membranes intended for a wide range of emerging energy applications.
Latitudinal gradients in Atlantic reef fish communities: trophic structure and spatial use patterns

Trophic strategies and spatial use habits were investigated in reef fish communities. The results supported the hypothesis of differential use of food resources among tropical and higher latitude reef fishes, i.e. the number of species and relative abundance of fishes relying on relatively low-quality food significantly decreased from tropical to temperate latitudes. The species: genus ratio of low-quality food consumers increased toward the tropics, and was higher than the overall ratio considering all fishes in the assemblages. This supports the view that higher speciation rates occurred among this guild of fishes in warm waters. It was also demonstrated that density of herbivorous fishes (the dominant group relying on low-quality food resources) in the western Atlantic decreased from tropical to temperate latitudes. Spatial use and mobility varied with latitude and consequently reef type and complexity. Fishes with small-size home ranges predominated on tropical coral reefs. (C) 2004 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.
Unsupervised Clustering for Identification of Malicious Domain Campaigns

New malicious domain campaigns often include large sets of domains registered in bulk and deployed simultaneously. Early identification of these campaigns can often be accomplished with distance functions or regular expressions of registered domains, but these methods may also miss some campaign domains. Other studies have used time-of-registration features to help identify malicious domains. This paper explores the use of unsupervised clustering based on passive DNS records and other inherent network information to identify domains that may be part of campaigns but resistant to detection by domain name or time-of-registration analysis alone. We have found that using this method, we can achieve up to 2.1x expansion from a seed of known campaign domains with less than 4% false positives. This could be a useful tool to augment other methods of identifying malicious domains.
Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase

: Phenylalalnyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS), a member of class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, catalyzes the synthesis of phenylalanyl-tRNA Phe (Phe-tRNA Phe ). Hence, like other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, PheRS also plays a crucial role in the cellular translation pro-cess. Structural characterization demonstrates remarkable architectural diversity ranging from monomer to hetero-oligomer. Heterotetrameric PheRS contains an editing domain to proofread misincorporation of non-cognate amino acids. However, editing activity is absent in monomeric PheRS. PheRS has also shown some noncanonical functions, such as DNA binding properties, suggesting its involvement in complex regulatory pathways. Engineered mutants with relaxed substrate specificities of PheRS can be a promising tool for chemical and synthetic biology. Because of substantial structural variations among species due to evolutionary divergence, PheRS may be validated as a novel drug target. Human PheRS gene mutations have recently been implicated in several neurological disorders prompting structure-function studies to elucidate the molecular role of PheRS in such pathologies. In this review on PheRS, we will briefly cover all of the aforementioned aspects and our current understanding about the enzyme.
Views and Experience on Patient Engagement in Healthcare Professionals and Patients—How Are They Different?

A patient-centered approach is used to build a therapeutic alliance between patients and the healthcare professionals in care process which should be supported by a good engagement of both parties. The study aimed to explore the gap between healthcare professionals and patients on patient engagement in hospital. It was a cross-sectional survey. 2774 doctors and nurses from Department of Medicine of public hospitals completed the self-administered questionnaire and 1042 patients discharged from corresponding wards completed the telephone interviews. Participants were interviewed using structural questionnaires. The Mann-Whitney test or Pearson’s chi-square test was used to analyze the agreement between health-care professionals and patients on the views and experiences of patient engagement. A difference was considered to be statistically significant when the p-value was <0.05. Although both groups valued the importance of patient engagement, there was a discrepancy on understanding, views and experiences. More healthcare professionals particularly in nursing were concerned about the possible negative impact of the engagement. The majority of healthcare professionals reported that they engaged well with patients, and perceived more difficulties than patients did. The findings highlighted the mutual understanding of patient engagement, involvement and challenges encountered by both groups in Department of Medicine, which was crucial in efforts to provide meaningful patient engagement in regards to jurisdictions, health system, specialty, discipline and background of patients. It provided insight that a collaborative strategy involving both healthcare professional and patients might be an alternative approach to improving patient engagement.
Prejudice Reduction: What Works?.

Social Science Research of the past several decades provides valuable insight into the processes of prejudice acquisition and reduction. This paper lists and briefly describes the following 15 findings based on this research and their implications regarding prejudice and what works to reduce it: (1) attitudes about interpersonal differences begin to be acquired in infancy; (2) attitudes may be set or softened by relationships and experiences; (3) the relationship among attitudes, perceptions, motivation, feelings, judgments, and behaviors is complex and much of it is socially mediated and highly contingent on "setting"; (4) because of this, some would approach the problem through macro-strategies rather than strategies focused on individual behaviors; (5) many researchers from minority communities emphasize strategies that reduce the adverse impact of dominant institutions on minority communities, while leaving the dominating majority to deal with their own biases; (6) social contact between groups may foster positive attitudes under specific conditions; (7) class prejudice may be more powerful than racial biases; (8) cultural bias may be the most deeply rooted element in prejudice; (9) nearly 60 percent of any message may be communicated non-verbally; (10) formal learning approaches have some limited success; (11) specifically anti-prejudice learning experiences are generally not successful; (12) multicultural learning contexts are the most successful for teaching about "other" peoples; (13) cooperative learning experiences are probably the major resource for reducing bias; (14) white racism training may be effective for some areas; and (15) leaders and authority figures may have a significant influence in reducing bias. Contains six references.
Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for Mainstream Industrial Processes

This paper reviews fiber Bragg grating sensing technology with respect to its use in mainstream industrial process applications. A review of the various types of sensors that have been developed for industries such as power generation, water treatment and services, mining, and the oil and gas sector has been performed. A market overview is reported as well as a discussion of some of the factors limiting their penetration into these markets. Furthermore, the author’s make recommendations for future work that would potentially provide significant opportunity for the advancement of fiber Bragg grating sensor networks in these mainstream industries.
Pavlovian conditioning–induced hallucinations result from overweighting of perceptual priors

Neural mechanisms for hallucinations Pairing a stimulus in one modality (vision) with a stimulus in another (sound) can lead to task-induced hallucinations in healthy individuals. After many trials, people eventually report perceiving a nonexistent stimulus contingent on the presence of the previously paired stimulus. Powers et al. investigated how different groups of volunteers and patients respond to this conditioning paradigm. They used behavior, neuroimaging, and computational modeling to dissect the effect of perceptual priors versus sensory evidence on such induced hallucinations. People who are more prone to hear voices were more susceptible to the induced auditory hallucinations. The network of brain regions that was active during the conditioned hallucinations resembled the network observed during clinical symptom capture in individuals who hallucinate while in a brain scanner. Science, this issue p. 596 Perceptual beliefs, stimulus associations, and belief volatility drive task-induced hallucinations in voice-hearers. Some people hear voices that others do not, but only some of those people seek treatment. Using a Pavlovian learning task, we induced conditioned hallucinations in four groups of people who differed orthogonally in their voice-hearing and treatment-seeking statuses. People who hear voices were significantly more susceptible to the effect. Using functional neuroimaging and computational modeling of perception, we identified processes that differentiated voice-hearers from non–voice-hearers and treatment-seekers from non–treatment-seekers and characterized a brain circuit that mediated the conditioned hallucinations. These data demonstrate the profound and sometimes pathological impact of top-down cognitive processes on perception and may represent an objective means to discern people with a need for treatment from those without.
Decrease in the Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Colonization of Children Admitted to Driscoll Children’s Hospital

Compared with a similar 2005 study, this 2016 study showed a significant decrease from 22% to 3% in the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in children admitted to our facility. Of the sampled 360 children, 21% were colonized with S. aureus and 14% of those isolates were methicillin-resistant S. aureus, whereas 61% of the isolates in 2005 were methicillin-resistant S. aureus.
A Functional Circuit for the Retrieval of Remote Cued Fear Memory

Although the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is necessary for the retrieval of remotely acquired fear to a discrete auditory cue, it is not necessary for the retrieval of recently acquired cued-fear memories. Thus, the RSC’s role in memory retrieval for discrete cues is time-dependent. The purpose of the current experiment was to identify the larger cortical circuit involved in the retrieval of remotely-acquired auditory fear memories. One candidate circuit involves the RSC and secondary auditory cortex; the secondary auditory cortex is also necessary for the retrieval of remotely acquired auditory fear memories (Sacco & Sacchetti, 2010), and sends direct projections to the RSC. To test this possibility, we assessed retrieval of remote memory following functional disconnection of the RSC and secondary auditory cortex. Complete disconnection of these regions produced a larger impairment in fear expression to a remotely acquired auditory cue compared to partial disconnection of these regions. These results are consistent with the notion that RSC and secondary auditory cortex form a functional circuit involved in the retrieval of remotely acquired fear to a discrete auditory cue.
Time-Synchronized Measurements and Applications for Monitoring of Intelligent Electric Power Systems

For the future smart grid, time-synchronized measurements such as synchrophasor and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) have been introduced into the existing power grid, which are featured by communication capabilities and higher measuring resolution contrary to the conventional measuring devices. These capabilities will enable us to monitor the grid in real-time manner for efficient and reliable operation of smart grid. In addition, these devices are considered as main sources to generate power system big data for intelligent smart energy services. This paper presents current status of time-synchronized measurements and their applications in big data. Moreover, applications and potentials in power system application are discussed when synchrophasor and AMI are time-synchronized across layers.
Taxon Richness of “Megaviridae” Exceeds those of Bacteria and Archaea in the Ocean

Since the discovery of the giant mimivirus, evolutionarily related viruses have been isolated or identified from various environments. Phylogenetic analyses of this group of viruses, tentatively referred to as the family “Megaviridae”, suggest that it has an ancient origin that may predate the emergence of major eukaryotic lineages. Environmental genomics has since revealed that Megaviridae represents one of the most abundant and diverse groups of viruses in the ocean. In the present study, we compared the taxon richness and phylogenetic diversity of Megaviridae, Bacteria, and Archaea using DNA-dependent RNA polymerase as a common marker gene. By leveraging existing microbial metagenomic data, we found higher richness and phylogenetic diversity in this single viral family than in the two prokaryotic domains. We also obtained results showing that the evolutionary rate alone cannot account for the observed high diversity of Megaviridae lineages. These results suggest that the Megaviridae family has a deep co-evolutionary history with diverse marine protists since the early “Big-Bang” radiation of the eukaryotic tree of life.
Representational Power of ReLU Networks and Polynomial Kernels: Beyond Worst-Case Analysis

There has been a large amount of interest, both in the past and particularly recently, into the power of different families of universal approximators, e.g. ReLU networks, polynomials, rational functions. However, current research has focused almost exclusively on understanding this problem in a worst-case setting, e.g. bounding the error of the best infinity-norm approximation in a box. In this setting a high-degree polynomial is required to even approximate a single ReLU. However, in real applications with high dimensional data we expect it is only important to approximate the desired function well on certain relevant parts of its domain. With this motivation, we analyze the ability of neural networks and polynomial kernels of bounded degree to achieve good statistical performance on a simple, natural inference problem with sparse latent structure. We give almost-tight bounds on the performance of both neural networks and low degree polynomials for this problem. Our bounds for polynomials involve new techniques which may be of independent interest and show major qualitative differences with what is known in the worst-case setting.
Analysis of two/four coils WPT systems for embedded PLC communications

In this contribution the authors investigate the possibility of improving the performances of a coupled Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) — Power Line Communications (PLC) system in case the WPT system is characterised by a four coils structure. The main idea is to use the so-called transmitting and receiving coil (the two “inner” coils) as access point for the PLC modems and use the drive and load loops (the two “outer” coils) as usual access point for power. The simulations results show that a higher wider band for communication is achieved with respect the previously proposed system.
Reliability-Aware Service Chaining In Carrier-Grade Softwarized Networks

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has revolutionized service provisioning in cloud datacenter networks. It enables the complete decoupling of Network Functions (NFs) from the physical hardware middle boxes that network operators deploy for implementing service-specific and strictly ordered NF chains. Precisely, NFV allows for dispatching NFs as instances of plain software called virtual network functions (VNFs) running on virtual machines hosted by one or more industry standard physical machines. Nevertheless, NF softwarization introduces processing vulnerability (e.g., failures caused by hardware or software, and so on). Since any failure of VNFs could break down an entire service chain, thus interrupting the service, the functionality of an NFV-enabled network will require a higher reliability compared with traditional networks. This paper encloses an in-depth investigation of a reliability-aware joint VNF chain placement and flow routing optimization. In order to guarantee the required reliability, an incremental approach is proposed to determine the number of required VNF backups. Through illustration, it is shown herein that the formulated single path routing model can be easily extended to support resource sharing between adjacent backup VNF instances. This paper advocates the absolute existence of a share-resource-based VNF assignment strategy that is capable of trading off all of the reliability, bandwidth, and computing resources consumption of a given service chain. A heuristic is proposed to work around the complexity of the presently formulated integer linear programming (ILP). Thorough numerical analysis and simulations are conducted in order to verify and assert the validity, correctness, and effectiveness of this proposed heuristic reflecting its ability to achieve very close results to those obtained through the resolution of the complex ILP within a negligible amount of time. Above and beyond, the proposed resource-sharing-based VNF placement scheme outperforms existing resource-sharing agnostic schemes by 15.6% and 14.7% in terms of bandwidth and CPU utilization respectively.
Gastroenterological surgery in Japan: The past, the present and the future

In the last two centuries, there has been remarkable progress in the field of gastroenterological surgery, including the curative resection of cancers, replacement of failed organs through transplantation, increased safety of undergoing major surgeries and decreased operative morbidity through developments in minimal access surgery. Japan has very much been at the forefront of these advances, as is evident from the present review, from advancing the surgical management of gastric cancer to the pioneering work in live‐donor transplantation. This review also highlights many instances where surgical management of the same pathologies has evolved differently between Japan and the West. It is encouraging that many procedures established in Japan are eventually taken up by the West, often after rigorous assessment affirming the quality and applicability of such techniques. In Japan, many of the crucial issues in gastroenterological surgery are increasingly addressed through large multi‐institutional prospective control trials, ensuring that Japanese surgeons continue to contribute to the advances in gastroenterological surgery.
A Service Scheduling Policy for Improving Playback Quality of Mesh-Based P2P VoD Systems

In recent years, the peer-to-peer (P2P) assisted video-on-demand (VoD) system has achieved tremendous success among the Internet users. In academic, a number of research efforts have focused on the effective use of such system in providing large scale video streaming services. However, there are still a number of fundamental open problems in designing P2P VoD systems. In this paper, we consider a mesh-based P2P VoD system and focus on the service scheduling problem that how should a node serve the received requests in its serving queue. The problem is crucial to the playback quality of the system. We analytically study the service scheduling problem and model it as a Multi-Knapsack Problem (MKP). Based on the analysis, we propose a Playback-Quality-Aware Scheduling (PQAS) policy which takes the diversity among requests in impacting the playback quality of system into consideration. We perform extensive simulations and the experimental results conform the effectiveness of PQAS in improving the playback quality of system.