Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subgap Tunneling Current at Low Temperature in Nb/Al-AlN/Nb SIS Junctions

The quasiparticle tunneling current of Nb/Al-AlN/Nb SIS junctions are studied both experimentally and numerically by taking into account not only the quasiparticle states produced in the energy gap by the imaginary part of the gap energy but also a bound state near the Fermi level. It is shown that the calculated I-V curves agree very well with those of SIS junctions measured at temperatures below 4.2 K. It is found that the magnitude of the imaginary part of the gap energy reaches lower value at low temperature, which means that recombination time of the quasiparticles is saturated at low temperatures.
Die große Steuerreform: Notwendig und durchführbar

Die am 1. Mai 2004 erfolgte EU-Osterweiterung verscharft durch die dort zum Teil wesentlich niedrigeren Steuersatze den Steuerwettbewerb erheblich. Unter diesen veranderten Rahmenbedingungen wird die Steuerreform von 2000 nicht ausreichen, den Wirtschaftsstandort Deutschland vor einer steuerinduzierten Kapitalabwanderung zu bewahren. Eine grose Steuerreform ist folglich unausweichlich. Diese sollte insbesondere die Tarifbelastung der Einkommen weiter reduzieren, das Steuerrecht vereinfachen, eine Verbreiterung der Bemessungsgrundlage durch den Abbau von verzerrenden Subventionen vornehmen und zudem die steuerliche Kapitalabwanderung in eines der neuen EU-Lander einschranken. Ob dies durch die in letzter Zeit diskutierten Reformvorschlage zur Einkommensbesteuerung - das Sofortprogramm von CDU und CSU, der Reformvorschlag von Paul Kirchhof, der Vorschlag von Joachim Lang, die zweite Steuerreformoption des Sachverstandigenrates zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung und der ifo-Vorschlag Hans-Werner Sinn - erreicht wird, steht im Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrages.
A Computation- and Network-Aware Energy Optimization Model for Virtual Machines Allocation

Reducing energy consumption in cloud data center is a complex task, where both computation and network related effects must be taken into account. While existing solutions aim to reduce energy consumption considering separately computational and communication contributions, limited attention has been devoted to models integrating both parts. We claim that this lack leads to a sub-optimal management in current cloud data centers, that will be even more evident in future architectures characterized by Software-Defined Network approaches. In this paper, we propose a joint computation-plus-communication model for Virtual Machines (VMs) allocation that minimizes energy consumption in a cloud data center. The contribution of the proposed model is threefold. First, we take into account data traffic exchanges between VMs capturing the heterogeneous connections within the data center network. Second, the energy consumption due to VMs migrations is modeled by considering both data transfer and computational overhead. Third, the proposed VMs allocation process does not rely on weight parameters to combine the two (often conflicting) goals of tightly packing VMs to minimize the number of powered-on servers and of avoiding an excessive number of VM migrations. An extensive set of experiments confirms that our proposal, which considers both computation and communication energy contributions even in the migration process, outperforms other approaches for VMs allocation in terms of energy reduction.
The Burroughs Scientific Processor (BSP)

The Burroughs Scientific Processor (BSP), a high-performance computer system, performed the Department of Energy LLL loops at roughly the speed of the CRAY-1. The BSP combined parallelism and pipelining, performing memory-to-memory operations. Seventeen memory units and two crossbar switch data alignment networks provided conflict-free access to most indexed arrays. Fast linear recurrence algorithms provided good performance on constructs that some machines execute serially. A system manager computer ran the operating system and a vectorizing Fortran compiler. An MOS file memory system served as a high bandwidth secondary memory.
Construct validity and factor structure of Tamil version of Beck Cognitive Insight Scale to assess cognitive insight of patients with schizophrenia

Objective: The ability to reflect rationally on one's own anomalous experiences and to recognise that their conclusions are incorrect is called as cognitive insight. It influences the delusion proneness of patients with schizophrenia. Structured instruments to assess cognitive insight have not been validated in any Indian languages so far. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the validity and factor structure of Tamil version of Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS-T). Methods: One hundred and fifty consecutive patients with schizophrenia completed BCIS-T. We assessed their clinical insight with the reference standard, Schedule for Assessment of Insight-Expanded version (SAI-E). An independent psychiatrist evaluated their psychopathology using Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Results: BCIS-T was internally consistent with Cronbach's α 0.67 and Guttman's split-half coefficient as 0.63. BCIS-T composite index documented convergent validity with SAI-E total score (ρ = 0.38; p < 0.001) and discriminant validity with BPRS (ρ = −0.02; p = 0.85). Factor analysis showed a four-factor structure, namely self-certainty, self-reflectiveness, openness to external feedback and infallibility of self-reflection. BCIS-T composite index had significant linear relationship with clinical insight and treatment compliance on multivariate analyses (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Our findings support the validity of BCIS-T to assess cognitive insight of the patients with schizophrenia. We suggest addressing the intricacies of cognitive insight beyond the traditional two-dimensional models in cross-cultural settings.
Modelling and Simulation of Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Single Source Inverter Using PSIM

— Multilevel inverters such as flying capacitor, diode-clamped, and cascaded H-bridge inverters are very popular particularly in medium and high power applications. This paper focuses on a cascaded H-bridge module using a single direct current (DC) source in order to generate an 11-level output voltage. The noble approach reduces the number of switches and gate drivers, in comparison with a conventional method. The anticipated topology produces more accurate result with an isolation transformer at high switching frequency. Different modulation techniques can be used for the multilevel inverter, but this work features modulation techniques known as selective harmonic elimination (SHE). This modulation approach reduces the number of carriers with reduction in Switching Losses, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), and thereby increasing Power Quality (PQ). Based on the simulation result obtained, it appears SHE has the ability to eliminate selected harmonics by chopping off the fundamental output component. The performance evaluation of the proposed cascaded multilevel inverter is performed using PSIM simulation package and THD of 0.94% is obtained.
Defective interfering viruses and their potential as antiviral agents

Defective interfering (DI) virus is simply defined as a spontaneously generated virus mutant from which a critical portion of the virus genome has been deleted. At least one essential gene of the virus is deleted, either in its entirety, or sufficiently to make it non‐functional. The resulting DI genome is then defective for replication in the absence of the product(s) of the deleted gene(s), and its replication requires the presence of the complete functional virus genome to provide the missing functions. In addition to being defective DI virus suppresses production of the helper virus in co‐infected cells, and this process of interference can readily be observed in cultured cells. In some cases, DI virus has been observed to attenuate disease in virus‐infected animals. In this article, we review the properties of DI virus, potential mechanisms of interference and progress in using DI virus (in particular that derived from influenza A virus) as a novel type of antiviral agent. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic Steganography Adds Additional Data Security

Today's data security consists of many layers. Data activity may be hidden, in addition to encryption, to make it more secure. Steganography provides a possible solution, to further enhance the data security. This paper presents the concept of basic steganography and further improvements as well as the attacks on steganography. In this article, the authors will present the investigations carried out using the stegano principles, to enhance the data security and data integrity.
Buffer-based bitrate adaptation for adaptive HTTP streaming

Live and on-demand video streaming has recently contributed a significant part of the Internet traffic. In order to guarantee the best possible user experience, multimedia service is required to support large fluctuations in different network conditions. One of the cost effective means for multimedia delivery nowadays is HTTP streaming. The key challenge of this technology is how to change adaptively video bitrates according to network variation and client buffer while bestowing upon users the best possible video quality. In this paper, we propose a novel rate-adaptation method on client side, which allows clients to estimate buffer level in the future, and thus achieving a balance between the need for high video quality and buffer stability. The experiments show that our method performs well under varying network conditions.
STUDIES ON BLOOD CAPILLARIES

The wall of the blood capillaries of skeletal muscles (diaphragm, tongue, hind legs) and myocardium of the rat, guinea pig, and hamster consists of three consecutive layers or tunics: the endothelium (inner layer), the basement membrane with its associated pericytes (middle layer), and the adventitia (outer layer). The flattened cells of the endothelium have a characteristic, large population of cytoplasmic vesicles which, within the attenuated periphery of the cells, may attain a maximum frequency of 120/µ2 of cell front and occupy ∼18% of the cytoplasmic volume; these values decrease as the cells thicken toward the perikaryon. The vesicles are 650–750 A in over-all diameter and are bounded by typical unit membranes. They occur as single units or are fused to form short chains of two to three vesicles. Each configuration may lie entirely within the cytoplasm or open onto the cell surface. In the latter case, the unit membrane of the vesicle is continuous, layer by layer, with the plasmalemma. Chains of vesicles opening simultaneously on both the blood and tissue fronts of the endothelial tunic have not been observed either in sections or in a tridimensional reconstruction of a sector of endothelial cell cytoplasm. Adjacent endothelial cells are closely apposed to one another and appear to be joined over a large part of their margins, possibly over their entire perimeter, by narrow belts of membrane fusion (zonulae occludentes). Except for tongue capillaries, patent intercellular gaps are rare or absent. The middle layer is formed by a continuous basement membrane (∼500 A thick) and by pericytes which lie in between leaflets of this membrane. The tips of the pericyte pseudopodia penetrate through the inner leaflet of the basement membrane and join the endothelium in maculae occludentes. The adventitia is a discontinuous layer comprising cellular (macrophages, fibroblasts, mast cells) and extracellular (fibrils, amorphous matrix) elements. The same general type of construction appears to be used along the entire length of the capillary.
A new self-aligned planar array cell for ultra high density EPROMs

A novel process technology for producing a true cross-point EPROM cell is described in this paper. Buried N+ diffusions self-aligned to the Floating gate Avalanche injection MOS (FAMOS) transistor are used for the bit lines. These diffusions are covered with a planarized low temperature CVD oxide which isolates them from a perpendicular set of poly word lines. The bit line contacts and LOCOS isolation that are necessary for the industry standard cell have been eliminated. With this technology a 4 µm2cell using 1 µm design rules and zero alignment tolerance is feasible. The concept has been tested and verified using a 13.5 µm2test cell.
Letter: hyperlysinaemia.

Sir, I would like to add to the article by Drs. van Gelderen and Teijema (Archives, 1973, 48, 892) by recording three important findings that support their thesis that hyperlysinaemia due to lysine-ketoglutarate reductase deficiency is a harmless inborn error of metabolism. 4 patients with this condition have been under biochemical and clinical scrutiny for periods up to 12 years. 3 are sibs: a girl (the propositus) now 121 years, a boy 91, and a girl 8. The fourth patient, a cousin, is now 18j years old. Though many clinical and biochemical features of these familial hyperlysinaemics have been recorded (Woody, 1964; Woody, Hutzler, and Dancis, 1966; Woody, Ong, and Pupene, 1967; Dancis et al., 1969) three important findings have not been published. First, 3 of these children have had normal growth and development. Growth and developmental delays were seen only in the index case and probably represent a sampling artifact. The other children manifest the biochemical findings of hyperlysinaemia to the same degree as the propositus and have normal growth and intelligence. They have also lacked the ligamentous and muscular asthenia found in the index patient. Only the boy, with bilateral ectopia lentis, might be considered to have a connective tissue abnormality somehow related to defective lysine metabolism. All 3 have had normal EEGs. The second important observation is that 2 of these children, the boy and younger girl, did not manifest increased serum lysine levels until they were 6 months old. Since it must be assumed that the enzyme defect was present at birth, an alternate minor pathway via pipecolic acid has been postulated to function actively below the age of 1 year (Woody and Pupene, 1970, 1971). This serves to maintain normal lysine levels during early infancy when rapid growth-and its high requirement of lysine for protein synthesis-keeps lysine catabolism low and within the capacity of the pipecolic acid pathway to handle. As growth slows after 6 months, the balance betweenabsorption and utilization of lysine shifts towards the catabolic side. Such a shift 'unmasks' the defect in lysine-ketoglutarate reductase activity with an accumulation of lysine and lysine metabolites. The third finding is the presence in these children of normal levels of serum ammonia despite serum lysine and arginine levels far in excess of those reported for patients with congenital lysine intolerance (Table). The relation of lysine metabolism to ammonia production remains obscure.
Low‐dose aspirin for secondary cardiovascular prevention – cardiovascular risks after its perioperative withdrawal versus bleeding risks with its continuation – review and meta‐analysis

Objectives. Low‐dose aspirin given for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease is frequently withdrawn prior to surgical or diagnostic procedures to reduce bleeding complications. This may expose patients to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Aim of the study was to review and quantify cardiovascular risks because of periprocedural aspirin withdrawal and bleeding risks with the continuation of aspirin.
Targeting Hsp90-Cdc37: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy by Inhibiting Hsp90 Chaperone Function.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE The Hsp90 chaperone protein regulates the folding, maturation and stability of a wide variety of oncoproteins. In recent years, many Hsp90 inhibitors have entered into the clinical trials while all of them target ATPase showing similar binding capacity and kinds of side-effects so that none have reached to the market. During the regulation progress, numerous protein- protein interactions (PPI) such as Hsp90 and client proteins or cochaperones are involved. With the Hsp90-cochaperones PPI networks being more and more clear, many cancerous proteins have been reported to be tightly correlated to Hsp90-cochaperones PPI. Among them, Hsp90-Cdc37 PPI has been widely reported to associate with numerous protein kinases, making it a novel target for the treatment of cancers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this paper, we briefly review the strategies and modulators targeting Hsp90-Cdc37 complex including direct and indirect regulation mechanism. Through these discussions we expect to present inspirations for new insights into an alternative way to inhibit Hsp90 chaperone function.
Social-aware clustering for wireless ad hoc networks

Clustering is a widely used solution to provide routing scalability in wireless ad hoc networks. The design of clustering schemes is a complex problem due to the dynamic nature of this type of networks. This work proposes a Social-aware Clustering Scheme (SoCS) based on link history to improve the performance of clustering management operations. Each node maintains a history of past links with neighbour nodes with the prospect of improving the performance of future cluster formations. SoCS was evaluated with the Social Network Theory (SNT) mobility model, analysing clustering, routing and traffic performance. Obtained results demonstrate an overall significant improvement, proving that social-awareness is a quality attribute in a clustering scheme.
A study on feedforward Tracking Control for XY table by real-time experiments

The common approach in feedforward control for a servo system which normally presented by non-minimum phase model is Zero Phase Error Tracking Control (ZPETC). This technique can solve the problem of unstable zeros of the plant model. Using the same technique, there are various extended algorithm have been proposed. In this paper, three techniques of feedforward ZPETC are considered to compare their performance by real time experiment of an XY table. The control techniques used for the comparison are the conventional ZPETC by factorization of zeros, error filter ZPETC and Adaptive ZPETC without factorization of zeros. The comparisons are based on the tracking error, contour error and the error at the sharp angles. The mathematical model of the XY table is acquired by System Identification technique using Matlab toolbox. The experiments were done using high frequency input. The tracking performances of the controllers are compared based on their contour error.
Compact Substrate Integrated Waveguide Slot Antenna Array With Low Back Lobe

In this letter, a compact substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) slot antenna array with a comb-shaped choke is proposed for low back-lobe radiation. The comb-shaped choke consists of an array of quarter-wavelength short-end parallel microstrip lines on the bottom surface of the array for lowering the backward radiation by suppressing the diffraction at the edges of the substrate. The proposed antenna array operating at 10 GHz exhibits a 10-dB back-lobe reduction compared to the antenna without the choke.
Seeking Health Information Online: Association With Young Australian Women’s Physical, Mental, and Reproductive Health

Background Relatively little is known about the extent to which young adults use the Internet as a health information resource and whether there are factors that distinguish between those who do and do not go online for health information. Objective The aim was to identify the sociodemographic, physical, mental, and reproductive health factors associated with young women’s use of the Internet for health information. Methods We used data from 17,069 young women aged 18-23 years who participated in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association between sociodemographic, physical, mental, and reproductive health factors associated with searching the Internet for health information. Results Overall, 43.54% (7433/17,069) of women used the Internet for health information. Women who used the Internet had higher odds of regular urinary or bowel symptoms (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.36-1.54), psychological distress (very high distress: OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.13-1.37), self-reported mental health diagnoses (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.09-1.23), and menstrual symptoms (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.15-1.36) than women who did not use the Internet for health information. Internet users were less likely to have had blood pressure checks (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.78-0.93) and skin cancer checks (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.84-0.97) and to have had a live birth (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.64-0.86) or pregnancy loss (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79-0.98) than non-Internet users. Conclusions Women experiencing “stigmatized” conditions or symptoms were more likely to search the Internet for health information. The Internet may be an acceptable resource that offers “anonymized” information or support to young women and this has important implications for health service providers and public health policy.
Tecnología lítica en la localidad arqueológica estancia La Suiza (San Luis, Argentina)

Fil: Sario, Gisela Mariela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Cordoba. Instituto de Antropologia de Cordoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Filosofia y Humanidades. Museo de Antropologia; Argentina
Refined analysis of complex language representations by non-invasive neuroimaging techniques

Objective. The determination of language lateralisation is important for patients with medically intractable epilepsy or a brain tumour near the language areas to avoid the risk of post-surgical language deficits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to identify language lateralisation compared with functional MRI (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) in multiple language tasks. Methods. We investigated 28 patients whose language dominance was evaluated by the Wada test. fMRI, MEG and NIRS were performed to investigate language representation. All patients were as'ked to read three-letter words silently for fMRI and MEG (Kana reading) and to write words beginning with a visually presented letter (word generation) for NIRS. The laterality index was calculated to assess language lateralisation in each investigation. Results. In 24 cases (85.7%), of which two investigations showed the same laterality, the results had perfect concordance with the Wada test. In patients with left dominance, the sensitivity and specificity of fMRI, MEG and NIRS was 95.0% and 62.5%, 100% and 87.5%, 75.0% and 87.5%, respectively. In three patients with right lateralization, only NIRS showed a significant increase of oxygenated-haemoglobin in the right inferior frontal region, indicating right dominance. Conclusion. We established a method to determine language lateralisation by co-utilising fMRI, MEG and NIRS with high reliability. NIRS recognised atypical language representation, in addition to fMRI and MEG. While fMRI, MEG and NIRS are not currently as accurate as the Wada test in determining language lateralisation, this non-invasive and repeatable method has great potential as an alternative to the Wada test in time following further research and refinement of these techniques.