Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantization effects on a DS-CDMA signal

In any DS-CDMA digital receiver, the first tasks to perform on the baseband analog signal are scaling, sampling and quantization in order to feed a conventional bank of code matched filters or and advanced multiuser detector. However, the performance of the conventional receiver is reduced if the signal has not been properly converted in the digital domain. In this paper, the impact of quantization on the performance of the so-called single user detector is evaluated. The main goal is to be able to foresee the quantization dynamics requirements in any DSSS or DS-CDMA digital receiver.
Competences that facilitate the achievement of the objectives of an introductory programming course

This project determines what skills and knowledge a student must have to face successfully an introductory programming course. This is an exploratory and qualitative study based on analysis of the current proposals for programming courses, and on interviews and focus groups with students and professors of this courses. The analysis is performed using Atlas Ti. Colombia is defined as the context for the research. The competencies identified are related with reading comprehension skills, especially the ability to perform text analysis. According to the information found, this skill reflects the ability of students to understand a problem. This greatly facilitates the possibility of writing a solution algorithm. A second ability has to do with to logical thinking. This second ability is justified because allows break a problem into simpler ones. Other abilities and knowledge are highlighted in the final results.
Intelligent people surveillance framework using multiple cooperative cameras

An integrated framework for intelligent people surveillance using multiple cameras is proposed in this thesis. The cameras are geometrically related through joint efforts of multicamera calibration, ground plane homography constraint, and field-of-view lines. As a result, they work in a cooperative manner under passive scene view mode or active object view mode. Under the passive mode, object detection is implemented using an adaptive Gaussian mixture model. Based on a study of multi-view object association, the detected objects are consistently labeled and projected onto a virtual top-view of ground plane. Under the active mode, a color-based particle filtering algorithm is utilized to constantly track an object. A novel relay strategy is developed by combining the tracking algorithm and the pan-tilt-zoom capabilities, and therefore the object being tracked can be handed over between cameras. Finally, a preliminary study is also carried out on anomaly detection and localization via wearable wireless motion sensors.
Improving error tolerance of self-organizing neural nets

A hybrid neural net (HNN) combining the network introduced by G.A. Carpenter and S. Grossberg (1987, 1988) and the Hopfield associative memory (HAM) is developed. HAM diminishes noise in samples and provides ART1 samples as inputs. In order to match the capacity of HAM with that of ART1, a new recalling algorithm (NHAM) is also introduced to enlarge the capacity of HAM. Based on NHAM and HNN, a revised version of HNN (RHNN) is introduced. The difference between RHNN and HNN is that RHNN has feedback loops, while HNN has only feedforward paths. The ART1 in RHNN supplies information for HAM to recall memories. Computer simulation demonstrated that RHNN has several advantages. <<ETX>>
A routing scheme for IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor networks

This paper proposes a routing scheme for IEEE 802.15. 4 wireless sensor networks in order to improve the routing performance. This routing scheme is achieved in the link layer, and is made up of the neighbour algorithm and the routing algorithm. The neighbour algorithm is used to achieve the two-hop routing and it is achieved by employing beacon frames. The routing algorithm is based on the neighbour algorithm and is used to achieve the n-hop n ≥ 3 routing. The performance of this scheme is evaluated, and the simulation results show that this routing scheme substantial reduces the routing establishment delay and cost, and also lowers the energy consumption.
A 15 ns 16 Mb CMOS SRAM with reduced voltage amplitude data bus

A 15-ns 16-Mbit CMOS SRAM which uses a reduced voltage amplitude data bus and a hierarchical sense amplifier scheme is described. The SRAM is organized as 4 Mwords*4 bits. Fast access time and low power dissipation are obtained by a reduced-voltage-amplitude data bus connected to a latched cascaded sense amplifier and current sense amplifier. The waveforms of the address input and the data output lines at room temperature with a 3-V supply are shown. The access time is typically 15 ns, with an active current consumption of 55 mA at 3.0 V and 30 MHz. <<ETX>>
Presentation of spatio-temporal data in the context of information capacity and visual suggestiveness

: The aim of this article is to present the concept of information capacity and visual suggestiveness as a map characteristic on the example of two maps of human migration. From this viewpoint the literature study has been performed. Proposed by the author the features of cartographic visualization are an attempt to establish cartographic pragmatics and ﬁ nd the way to increase effectiveness of dynamic maps with large information capacity. Among the works on cartographic pragmatics, muliaspectuality of spatio-temporal data the proposed solution has not been taken so far, and refers to the map design problematic.
Integrated segmentation approach for video coding

This paper presents an integrated approach to segmenting moving foreground, where the moving foreground is of most interest to the viewer. Multiple cues are used-focus, intensity, and motion-in a two-layered neural network. Focus and motion measurements are taken from high frequency data, edges; whereas, intensity measurements are taken from low frequency date, object interiors. Combined, these measurements are used to segment a complete object. Results indicate that moving foreground can be segmented from stationary foreground and moving or stationary background. The neural network segments the entire object, both interior and exterior, in this integrated approach. Results also demonstrate that combining cues allows flexibility in both type and complexity of scenes. Integration of cues improves accuracy in segmenting complex scenes containing both moving foreground and background. Good segmentation yields bitrate savings when coding the object of interest, also called the video object in MPEG4. Our method combines simple measurements to increase segmentation robustness.
Analyzing pulse from head motions in video

We extract heart rate and beat lengths from videos by measuring subtle head oscillations that accompany the cardiac cycle. Our method tracks features on the head, temporally filters their trajectories and performs principal component analysis (PCA) to decompose the trajectories into a set of ID component motions. It then chooses the component that is most periodic as the pulse signal. Finally, we identify peaks of the chosen signal, which correspond to heartbeats. When evaluated on 18 subjects our approach reported heart rates nearly identical to an electrocardiogram (ECG) device for all subjects and obtained similar beat length distributions for 17. In addition we obtained pulse rate from videos of the back of the head and of sleeping newborns. Initial findings also show that our method can measure heart rate from body parts other than the head and can measure respiration rate by selecting a different frequency band. Finally, we present visualization techniques such as motion magnification for subjective analysis of body motions
A high speed, low power spread spectrum code generator

This paper describes a parallel architecture implementation of a Gold code generator for a spread-spectrum communication system and its associated switch minimization algorithm. The parallel architecture dissipates less power than the conventional architecture based on serial linear feedback shift registers (LFSR) and also allows a higher throughput rate compared to the serial one where only one bit is generated per clock cycle. The Gold code generator implemented in a 2 micron CMOS technology consumes less than 1000 microwatts when clocked at 50 MHz.
Vers le pilotage des simulations numeriques sur la grille

Le projet EPSN a pour but de developper un environnement logiciel pour le pilotage de simulations numeriques paralleles et distribuees. L'environnement EPSN permet d'instrumenter les simulations numeriques et de construire des applications clientes, typiquement dediees a la visualisation, capables de controler, d'extraire ou de modifier les donnees de la simulation a distance. Afin de mettre en oeuvre un couplage generique, nous avons introduit un modele abstrait des simulations interactives reposant sur une description XML et une annotation du code source. Cette abstraction nous permet de developper des clients de pilotage independamment d'une simulation particuliere. La couche de communication d'EPSN met a profit la technologie CORBA (portabilite , interoperabilite et transparence du reseau), tout en masquant aux utilisateurs finaux la complexite inherente de cet intergiciel. Cet article presente le prototype sequentiel Epsilon ainsi que les premiers travaux autour des simulations paralleles SPMD.
Perceptual Image Hashing

With the fast advancement of computer, multimedia and network technologies, the amount of multimedia information that is conveyed, broadcast or browsed via digital devices has grown exponentially. Simultaneously, digital forgery and unauthorized use have reached a significant level that makes multimedia authentication and security very challenging and demanding. The ability to detect changes in multimedia data has been very important for many applications, especially for journalistic photography, medical or artwork image databases. This has spurred interest in developing more robust algorithms and techniques to allow to check safety of exchanged multimedia data confidentiality, authenticity and integrity. Confidentiality means that the exchange between encrypted multimedia data entities, which without decryption key, is unintelligible. Confidentiality is achieved mainly through encryption schemes, either secret key or public key. Authentication is an another crucial issue of multimedia data protection, it makes possible to trace the author of the multimedia data and allow to determine if an original multimedia data content was altered in any way from the time of its recording. Integrity allows degradation detection of multimedia and helps make sure that the received multimedia data has not been modified by a third party for malicious reasons. Many attempts have been noted to secure multimedia data from illegal use by different techniques fields such as encryption field, watermarking field and perceptual image hashing field. The field of encryption is becoming very important in the present era in which information security is of the utmost concern to provide end-to-end security. Multimedia data encryption has applications in internet communication, multimedia systems, medical imaging, telemedicine, military communication, etc. Although we may use the traditional cryptosystems to encrypt multimedia data directly, it is not a good idea for two reasons. The first reason is that the multimedia data size is almost always much great. Therefore, the traditional cryptosystems need much more time to directly encrypt the multimedia data. The other problem is that the decrypted multimedia data must be equal to the original multimedia data. However, this requirement is not necessary for image/video data. Due to the characteristic of human perception, a decryptedmultimedia containing small distortion is usually acceptable. Deciding upon what level of security is needed is harder than it looks. To identify an optimal security level, the cost of the multimedia information to be protected and the cost of the protection itself are to be compared carefully. At present, many available image encryption algorithms have been proposed (Ozturk & Ibrahim, 2005; 2
The Grammar and Lexis of Conversational Informal English in Advanced Textbooks

The Grammar and Lexis of Conversational Informal English in Advanced Textbooks defends the view that the acquisition of conversational English depends highly on the kind of materials available to L2 learners. The need to acquire a proficient competence in English is growing exponentially in an incessantly demanding society, but it is the oral skill, and more specifically the ability to communicate in everyday situations, that learners are calling for. The current learning process, nonetheless, is not particularly effective, as is shown in the data collected by the Eurobarometer and published in June 2012, which shows that only 38% of the Europeans surveyed were able to maintain a conversation in English, although 67% believed it to be the most useful language to learn for personal development. The present study supports the idea expressed in The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, which states that a language is learnt "reactively, following the instructions and carrying out the activities prescribed for them by teachers and by textbooks" (2001: 141). Consequently, these materials should reflect the everyday use of informal discourse and allow learners to analyse, understand and interpret the different underlying messages conveyed by means of lexico-syntactic, as well as paralinguistic, elements. The book is divided into seven chapters in which various different linguistic aspects of conversation are dealt with. In the opening chapters, spoken language is presented and approached as a multidimensional entity, particularly as the sum of lexico-syntactic and socio-linguistic elements. The following chapters provide a description of the main characteristics of conversational English based on corpus-informed grammars and publications. The final chapter analyses twenty ESL textbooks in order to determine how corpus data has influenced the materials designed for the acquisition of conversational discourse.
Compressive object tracking — A review and analysis

The objective of this article is to audit the tracking strategies, characterize them into distinctive classifications, furthermore distinguish new patterns. To give an improvement to the solution of drift problem in online tracking a separate section called compression tracking has been chosen. Various compressive tracking techniques have been taken along with their working, merits and demerits. Most of the methods include object segmentation using background subtraction. The following methods use diverse strategies like Mean-shift, Kalman filter, Particle filter etc. This paper presents a survey on compressive object tracking using the state of art models used. The designed models which are successfully applied using compressive sensing concepts reduces the number of pixels and these methods are efficient in feature extraction and dimensionality reduction with high accuracy.
Maneuvering target tracking using an adaptive interacting multiple model algorithm

An adaptive interacting multiple model algorithm (AIMM) is presented in this paper to track a maneuvering target. Each model is assigned a fixed deterministic acceleration to cope with the different target accelerations. A rough estimate of the target acceleration is taken from a biased filter which uses combined information from the models. This estimated acceleration is then taken into account in the models. Different maneuvering target scenarios were generated to compare the performance of the AIMM algorithm with the IMM algorithm.
Michael Hammond (1999). The phonology of English: a prosodic optimality-theoretic approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pp. xvi+368.

Hammond's book is the volume on English in the series The Phonology of the World's Languages; and therein lies an inevitable problem. Writing a contribution for a series with as many definite articles as this one, and on English, which like it or not, and with no disrespect to the less attended-to languages of the world, has been the focus of quite disproportionate phonological attention, is for anyone a rather daunting task. This means that there is even more literature to review than usual in a book of this kind, and more controversies to be embroiled in; and in consequence, there will inevitably be restrictions in coverage. What matters, then, is that the author must set out what he intends to do, be consistent with that, and explain his choices in terms of those entirely inevitable restrictions. Although this book has many good points, it often seems that Hammond does not actually carry through his stated intentions, or justify the choices he has made as cogently as might be hoped.
Operations Management in Service Industries and the Public Sector: Text and Cases

Operations Management in Service Industries and the Public Sector Text and Cases Christopher Voss, School of Industrial and Business Studies, University of Warwick Colin Armistead, The European School of Management Studies, Oxford Bob Johnston, School of Industrial and Business Studies, University of Warwick Barbara Morris, Department of Management Studies, Sheffield City Polytechnic Aimed at teachers and students on business and management courses teaching and studying Operations as well as those concerned with the management of specific service industries, this book brings together concepts found in the wider literature as well as presenting some new concepts. Written from the standpoint of operations management specialists--rather than marketing managers--the book examines the operational aspects of service operations and includes vital links with marketing, organization and business policy by using a wide range of case studies from both the public and the private sector. Suitable as a teaching text at both graduate and postgraduate levels the book will also be of value to practitioners in service organizations, the public sector and those concerned with the management of internal services in manufacturing.
Object Detectionand Object Classificationusing Background Subtraction Method

In the video analysis, the most important part in object detection and object classification depending movement of object. The purpose is to detect the movement of object from the background image in video sequence and for the object tracking. This paper proposes a method to detect object based on background subtraction method. A reliable background updating model is established. A optimization threshold method is used to obtain behaviour of moving object and tracking. Motion of a moving object and classification in a video stream is studied and detected. The centroid of object is computed to use in the analyses of the position of the moving human body. The experimental results show that the proposed method runs quickly, accurately and fits for the real-time detection.
Morphological structure, lexical representation and lexical access : a special issue of language and cognitive processes

Preface Dominiek Sandra and Marcus Taft. The Morphology of the Mental Lexicon: Internal Word Structure Viewed from a Psycholinguistic Perspective Dominiek Sandra. Interactive-activation as a Framework for Understanding Morphological Processing Marcus Taft. Prefixes as Processing Units Alessandro Laudanna, Cristina Burani and Antonella Cermele. Morphological Structure in Visual Word Recognition: Evidence from prefixed and Suffixed Words C. Beauvillain. The Role of Semantic Transparency in the Processing and Representation of Dutch Compounds Pienie Zwitserlood. How is Morphological Decomposition Achieved? Gary Libben. Words, Morphemes and Syllables in the Chinese Mental Lexicon Xiaolin Zhou and William Marslen-Wilson. Cognitive Morphology in Finnish: Foundations of a New Model Jussi Niemi, Matti Laine and Juhani Tuominen. Productivity in Language Production R. Harald Baayen. Subject Index
Identifying the reusability of the triangle and intersection schemes on mobile devices

Graphical passwords are vulnerable to shoulder-surfing attacks as the images are easier to remember than text. Therefore, existing graphical password schemes incorporate anti-shoulder-surfing mechanisms to ensure that the graphical password is safe against such attacks. Unfortunately, according to the literature review, most graphical password schemes with anti-shoulder-surfing mechanisms are for general devices, not mobile devices. Therefore, in this experiment, two general device graphical password anti-shoulder-surfing mechanisms, which are the Triangle and Intersection schemes, are reconstructed on a mobile device to test if general device graphical password anti-shoulder-surfing mechanisms can be reused in mobile devices.
Memory for language

Working memory Consider the flow of your conscious experience. At any point in time you may choose to focus your attention on (i) the speech of your conversation-partner, (ii) a section of conversation which you've recreated in your mind's speech from information previously stored in longterm memory (LTM), (iii) a part of the visual scene before your eyes, (iv) a part of a visual scene which you have recreated in your mind's eye from information previously stored in LTM. Of course, you have potential access to a wider range of percepts and memories than these (Baddeley, 1997; Baddeley & Hitch, 1974; Gathercole & Baddeley, 1993). Baddeley and Hitch (1974) identified three components of working memory (WM): The central executive, or supervisory attentional system (SAS) , regulates information flow within WM, allocates attention to particular input modalities or LTM systems, activates or inhibits whole sequences of activities guided by schemata or scripts, and resolves potential conflicts between ongoing schema-controlled activities. The processing resources used by the central executive are limited in capacity, and the efficiency with which the central executive can fulfil a role depends upon the other demands that are simultaneously placed upon it. We have limited attentional resources (see Schmidt, and Skehan & Foster, this volume). The central executive is supplemented by two slave systems, each specialised for the short term memory (STM) and manipulation of material within a particular domain: the phonological loop holds verbally coded information; the visuo-spatial sketchpad deals with visual and spatial material.
Analysis and Design of Integrated Circuits

From the Publisher: This edition combines the consideration of metal-oxide-semiconductors (MOS) and bipolar circuits into a unified treatment that also includes MOS-bipolar connections made possible by BiCMOS technology. Contains extensive use of SPICE, especially as an integral part of many examples in the problem sets as a more accurate check on hand calculations and as a tool to examine complex circuit behavior beyond the scope of hand analysis. Concerned largely with the design of integrated circuits, a considerable amount of material is also included on applications.
A 29 dBm 1.9 GHz class B power amplifier in a digital CMOS process

A two stage class B power amplifier for 1.9 GHz is presented. The amplifier is fabricated in a standard digital CMOS process with low resistivity substrate. The output power is 29 dBm in a 50 ohm load. A design method, based on sweeping the loss and the resonance frequency of an LC tank to determine large signal parameters of the output transistor, is presented. Based on this method proper values for on-chip interstage matching and off-chip output matching can be derived. Measurement of a fabricated chip is compared with the simulated circuit.