Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analog and RF Characteristics of Power FinFET Transistors With Different Drain-Extension Designs

Analog and RF characteristics of power FinFET transistors with different drain-extension structures are investigated for microwave integrated circuit applications. The power FinFETs were designed based on the drain-extended MOSFET structure and fabricated using a standard low-voltage FinFET process. Three various drain-extension configurations are demonstrated and compared. With the low-doped drain extension, the breakdown voltage of power FinFETs is higher than 6.5 V for all samples. For standard power devices, where the drain extension is performed with narrow fins, a high drain resistance is inevitable, resulting in high on-resistance and poor analog and RF performances. For devices with wide drain-extension fins (wide drain FinFET) or a planar drain extension (hybrid FinFET), lower drain resistances are obtained owing to the larger extension width. Therefore, the on-resistances of the wide drain and hybrid devices are much lower than that of the standard counterpart. Moreover, these devices with modified drain extensions also exhibit better analog and RF behaviors. The cutoff frequency of power FinFETs is boosted from 30 to 53 GHz when the drain extension is changed from narrow fins to a planar layout. These experimental results indicate that RF power FinFETs with good performance would be realized with the modified drain-extension designs.
Calculating Optimum Angle for Solar Panels of Dhaka, Bangladesh for Capturing Maximum Irradiation

This paper calculates the most optimum angle for solar panel for 365 days of the year individually using geographical location of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Then it calculates total solar irradiation if any angle is kept constant for 365 days. Then it compares the outputs and determines angle for capturing maximum irradiation. Then it verifies the result with another method. The result presents optimum tilt angle for the city of Dhaka.
Scenario Generation of Wind Power Based on Longitudinal-Horizontal Clustering Strategy

This paper proposes a method to generate daily wind power time series scenarios based on longitudinal-horizontal clustering strategy. Based on affinity propagation clustering (APC) algorithm, patterns of the daily wind power curves together with their probabilities are obtained by clustering analysis along the longitudinal and the horizontal directions. Representative wind power daily scenarios can be generated according to the obtained discrete stochastic models. The effectiveness tests show that these scenarios can maintain the daily time-sequence features of the historical wind power data. Compared to the conventional probability distribution function model, the scenarios generated by the proposed model show better accuracy in solving the optimal power flow problem, and much less number of scenarios are required to reflect the statistical regularities of wind power.
Associations Between C-Reactive Protein, Insulin Sensitivity, and Resting Metabolic Rate in Adults: A Mediator Analysis

Objective: Long-term positive energy balance promotes the development of obesity, a main risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While an association between increased resting metabolic rate (RMR) and insulin sensitivity (IS) was shown previously, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Aim of the mediator analysis was to investigate the role of inflammation within the association between RMR and IS. Methods: Anthropometric, clinical, and lifestyle data were collected according to standard operating procedures. RMR was measured using indirect calorimetry. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used as an IS parameter and C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured to represent the inflammatory status. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. Results: The analysis included 782 adults (517 females) with a mean age of 32.4 ± 12.0 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 24.6 ± 5.2 kg/m2. Regression analysis indicated a significant evidence for associations between RMR and HOMA-IR (ß = 39.3 ± 7.3 kcal/d; p ≤ 0.001) and CRP and HOMA-IR (ß = 0.5 ± 0.1; p ≤ 0.001) after adjustment for fat-free mass, sex, age, and study site. Results of the mediator analysis did not support the hypothesis that CRP is a mediator for the association between RMR and HOMA-IR. These results did not change after participant stratification according to sex or BMI. Conclusion: A significant evidence for an association between RMR and IS was shown in a large cohort. However, the inflammatory status, determined via CRP levels, was not a mediator within this association.
Association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia and cerebral palsy in children: a meta-analysis

Objective To investigate the association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and the risk of cerebral palsy (CP) in children. Data sources We used EMBASE, PubMed and Web of Science to conduct a meta-analysis of studies published before 1 September 2017, written in English whose titles or abstracts discussed an association between BPD and CP. Study selection Observational studies, for example, case–control and cohort studies were included. Data extraction and synthesis All review stages were conducted by two reviewers independently. Data synthesis was undertaken via meta-analysis of available evidence. Main outcomes and measures The prevalence of developing CP was measured after exposure to BPD. Results Among 1234 initially identified studies, we selected those that addressed an association between BPD and CP according to our preselected inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis included 11 studies. According to a random effect model, BPD was significantly associated with CP (ORs 2.10; 95% CI 1.57 to 2.82) in preterm infants. Factors explaining differences in the study results included study design, the definition of BPD, the time of diagnosis of CP and whether the studies adjusted for potential confounders. Conclusion This study suggests that BPD is a risk factor for CP. Further studies are required to confirm these results and to detect the influence of variables across studies.
Security and Protocol Exploit Analysis of the 5G Specifications

The third generation partnership project released its first 5G security specifications in March 2018. This paper reviews the proposed security architecture and its main requirements and procedures and evaluates them in the context of known and new protocol exploits. Although security has been improved from previous generations, our analysis identifies potentially unrealistic 5G system assumptions and protocol edge cases that can render 5G communication systems vulnerable to adversarial attacks. For example, null encryption and null authentication are still supported and can be used in valid system configurations. With no clear proposal to tackle pre-authentication message-based exploits, mobile devices continue to implicitly trust any serving network, which may or may not enforce a number of optional security features, or which may not be legitimate. Moreover, several critical security and key management functions are considered beyond the scope of the specifications. The comparison with known 4G long-term evolution protocol exploits reveals that the 5G security specifications, as of Release 15, Version 1.0. 0, do not fully address the user privacy and network availability challenges.
A Theory of Solvability for Lossless Power Flow Equations—Part II: Conditions for Radial Networks

This two-part paper details a theory of solvability for the power flow equations in lossless power networks. In Part I, we derived a new formulation of the lossless power flow equations, which we call the fixed-point power flow. The model is parameterized by several graph-theoretic matrices—the power network stiffness matrices—which quantify the internal coupling strength of the network. In Part II, we leverage the fixed-point power flow to study power flow solvability. For radial networks, we derive parametric conditions which guarantee the existence and uniqueness of a high-voltage power flow solution, and construct examples for which the conditions are also necessary. The conditions imply convergence of the fixed-point power flow iteration, and unify recent results on the solvability of decoupled power flow. These results directly generalize the textbook two-bus system results, and provide new insights into how the structure and parameters of the grid influence power flow solvability.
Phase I Study of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy and Image-Guided Brachytherapy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer

A phase I study was performed to determine the recommended dose of carbon ion radiotherapy and 3D image-guided brachytherapy for histologically confirmed stage II (≥4 cm), III, or IVA cervical cancer. Dose-limiting toxicities (treatment-related toxicities occurring within three months from the start of carbon ion radiotherapy) included Grade 3 non-hematological toxicity, Grade 4 hematological toxicity, or interruption of treatment for more than two weeks due to treatment-related toxicities. Carbon ion radiotherapy consisted of whole-pelvic irradiation with 36.0 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) in 12 fractions and local boost with 19.2 Gy in four fractions for the primary site, and for positive lymph nodes. Three sessions of three-dimensional (3D) image-guided brachytherapy were administered after completion of carbon ion radiotherapy. Weekly cisplatin at a dose of 40 mg/m2 was given concurrently. At a dose level of one, a total rectosigmoid D2cc dose between 67.2 Gy and 71.3 Gy at a biological equivalent dose of 2 Gy per fraction from carbon ion radiotherapy and 3D image-guided brachytherapy was prescribed. Six patients were enrolled into this dose level. No patients developed the pre-defined dose-limiting toxicities. For late toxicities, however, one patient developed Grade 3 rectal hemorrhage requiring transfusion at 10 months after treatment. The median survival time was 50.0 months for the five surviving patients. No further dose escalation was performed, and we determined the dose of level one as the recommended rectosigmoid dose. Although our results are preliminary, the study regimen encourages further investigation (registration: UMIN000013340).
Humanoid Explorer Robot: Design and Fabrication

Human beings are curious in nature. Exploring unknown places is not a new kind of adventure that many people opt for and often times this type of works lead people to danger without having proper data about the environment. This paper is on an autonomous humanoid explorer robot which can move around the area and attached some sensors with this robot those provide some important parameters of the environment such as temperature, relative humidity, amount of methane, Carbon-Di-Oxide, Carbon mono-Oxide. Also the robot is equipped with wireless 3G module for communication and collection of data. Later, the data collected from the robot are evaluated and analyzed to have a clear idea of the environment that the robot dealing with.
A Multilevel Voltage Waveform Generation Scheme with Reactive Power Compensation for PV Systems

A scheme for generation of multilevel voltage waveform with reactive power compensation for standalone PV system is proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme is realized using two two-level, three-phase voltage source inverters feeding a transformer with open-end primary windings. In this scheme one inverter is fed by a PV source intended only for supplying active power whereas and the other inverter which supplies only reactive power is fed by a charged capacitor. The current oriented synchronous reference frame based closed loop control scheme ensures that the active power is supplied from one inverter and the reactive power from the other. The entire scheme is simulated on a MATLAB/Simulink platform. The experimental verification of the control scheme is carried out on a laboratory prototype using TMS320F28335 Digital Signal Processor.
Ghosts in the nursery: An experimental investigation of a parent's own maltreatment experience, attention to infant faces, and dyadic reciprocity.

Previous studies have shown that the experience of childhood maltreatment can influence recognition and processing of emotional cues and that these effects can extend into adulthood. Such alterations in cognitive processing may have important implications for processing of infant affect and parenting behavior. This study investigated whether the experience of childhood maltreatment altered attentional processing of infant faces in a community sample of mothers, using an established visual search task. Increased scores on a measure of childhood maltreatment were associated with decreased preferential bias toward infant faces (indexed by slower reaction times to infant compared to adult faces). Exploratory analysis of the relationship between attentional processing and actual "own child" parenting behavior (as measured by a video-recorded mother-child interaction) found that lower attentional bias to infant faces mediated the relationship between higher levels of childhood maltreatment and lower levels of mother-infant Dyadic Reciprocity. This suggests that childhood maltreatment may have enduring effects on the preferential processing of infant cues as well as parenting behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record
Enriched environment elevates expression of growth associated protein-43 in the substantia nigra of SAMP8 mice

An enriched environment protects dopaminergic neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neuronal injury, but the underlying mechanism for this is not clear. Growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is closely associated with neurite outgrowth and axon regeneration during neural development. We speculate that an enriched environment can reduce damage to dopaminergic neurons by affecting the expression of GAP-43. This study is designed to test this hypothesis. Three-month-old female senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice were housed for 3 months in an enriched environment or a standard environment. These mice were then subcutaneously injected in the abdomen with 14 mg/kg MPTP four times at 2-hour intervals. Morris water maze testing demonstrated that learning and memory abilities were better in the enriched environment group than in the standard environment group. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and western blot assays showed that mRNA and protein levels of GAP-43 in the substantia nigra were higher after MPTP application in the enriched environment group compared with the standard environment group. These findings indicate that an enriched environment can increase GAP-43 expression in SAMP8 mice. The upregulation of GAP-43 may be a mechanism by which an enriched environment protects against MPTP-induced neuronal damage.
Doppler Power Spectrum Measurements of Vehicular Channels in the 700 MHz Band

This paper presents results of a Doppler power spectrum (DPS) measurement campaign of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications in the 700 MHz band. The measurement campaign was conducted in an urban environment employing general purpose equipment which is commonly available in university labs. The measurement framework and experimental setup presented here are therefore easily replicable. The collected data was processed in order to obtain the relevant statistical moments of the DPS, namely the average Doppler shift and the Doppler spread. The obtained results can be used as a reference for the design and evaluation of robust transmission schemes in dedicated short range communications (DSRC) systems.
Transparency at the EMA: More Evidence Is Needed

Ever since its establishment in 1995, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) has been committed to transparency. That said, as of late the Agency has been criticized for lacking it. To address this criticism, the Agency is attempting to become even more transparent. In this commentary the author argues that the EMA is now moving almost too quickly toward complete transparency. Before launching a number of new transparency initiatives, it should consider arranging some workshops on the topic as well as pretesting its communication messages before they are put in the public domain.
Develop an Embedded IoT System and It’s Applications

The Internet of Things may be a hot topic in the society but it’s not a new concept especially in industry. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental concepts of the Internet of Things (IoT) and critical points about how we can build IoT devices. We will also explain about our newly designed IoT hub, "A-Sight" and its hardware design. In particular, we also introduce projects concerning IoT, Vegetable Production and Distribution System and Public Transportation Monitoring System.
An Ultra-Low Power Smart Headband for Real-Time Epileptic Seizure Detection

In this paper, the design of a smart headband for epileptic seizure detection is presented. The proposed headband consists of four key components: 1) an analog front-end circuitry; 2) an epileptic seizure detection tag (ESDT); 3) a Bluetooth low-power chip; and 4) customized electrodes. All the above components are integrated into a fabric headband with only 50.3 g. The smart headband system dissipates 55.89 mW. The epileptic seizure detection algorithm inside ESDT is validated by using Boston Children’s Hospital’s CHB-MIT scalp EEG clinical database with the detection rate of 92.68% and the false alarm of 0.527/h. We develop a service APP connected to the cloud so that the patients’ health condition can be recorded and then referenced by doctors for further diagnosis or research.
PV-STATCOM: A New Smart Inverter for Voltage Control in Distribution Systems

This paper presents a novel smart inverter PV-STATCOM in which a photovoltaic inverter can be controlled as a dynamic reactive power compensator—STATCOM. The proposed PV-STATCOM can be utilized to provide voltage control during critical system needs on a 24/7 basis. In the night-time, the entire inverter capacity is utilized for STATCOM operation. During a critical system disturbance in the daytime, the smart inverter discontinues its real power generation function temporarily (for about a few seconds), and releases its entire inverter capacity for STATCOM operation. Once the disturbance is cleared and the need for grid voltage control is fulfilled, the solar farm returns to its predisturbance real power production. The low voltage ride through (LVRT) performance of the PV-STATCOM is demonstrated through both EMTDC/PSCAD simulations and laboratory implementation using dSPACE control. This proposed PV-STATCOM with a response time of 1–2 cycles can provide an equivalent service as an actual STATCOM in a given application and possibly seek revenues for providing this service.
Using Combinational Methods for Forecast Improvement in PV Power Plants

Power generation based on photovoltaic systems are one of the crucial energy resources of the future smart grid owing to environmental concerns. With the increasing involvement of photovoltaics into the smart grid, more accurate and reliable generation forecasts are essential for robust grid operations. In this paper, the authors have used the combining forecast method with forecasts generated from five different techniques, two of which use physical forecasting models and three of them use time series models. The methods are applied to simulation data of 12 PV power plants in the California region. Applying the combinational method to the generated forecasts, 25%-33% accuracy improvements are observed compared to the reference model.
Comparison of 7 Different Sensors for Detecting Low Respiratory Rates Using a Single Breath Detection Algorithm in Nonintubated, Sedated Volunteers.

BACKGROUND Numerous technologies are used to monitor respiratory rates in nonintubated patients. No technology has emerged as the standard. The primary aim of this study was to assess the limits of agreement between a reference sensor signal (respiratory inductance plethysmography bands) and 7 alternative sensor signals (nasal capnometer, nasal pressure transducer, oronasal thermistor, abdominal accelerometer, transpulmonary electrical impedance, peritracheal microphone, and photoplethysmography) for measuring low respiratory rates in sedated, nonintubated, supine volunteers. A unified approach based on a single breath detection algorithm was applied to each sensor to facilitate comparison. We hypothesized that all of the sensor signals would allow detection of low (<10 breaths per minute) respiratory rates to within ±2 breaths per minute of the reference sensor signal. METHODS Volunteers received remifentanil and propofol infusions at selected target concentration pairs to induce depression of ventilation. Signals from each sensor were analyzed by an identical threshold-based detection algorithm to compute the breathing rate. Bland-Altman limits of agreement and error rate analyses were used to characterize the performance of each sensor compared to the reference sensor. RESULTS The analysis of the accelerometer and capnometer signals, using Bland-Altman and error rate analyses, showed the highest breath rate agreement (1.96 × standard deviation) of the 7 sensors with -2.1 to 2.2 and -2.5 to 2.7 breaths per minute, respectively. All other signals exhibited wider limits of agreement, with impedance being the widest at -7.8 to 7.4 breaths per minute. For the abdomen accelerometer, 95% of Bland-Altman data points were within ±2 breaths per minute. For the capnometer, 96% of data points were within ±2 breaths per minute. Nasal pressure, thermistor, and microphone all had >80% of data points within ±2 breaths per minute. Impedance and photoplethysmograph signals had 58% and 64%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A unified approach can be applied to a variety of sensor signals to estimate respiratory rates in spontaneously breathing, nonintubated, sedated volunteers. However, detecting clinically relevant low respiratory rates (<6 breaths per minute) is a technical challenge. By our analysis, no single sensor was able to detect slow respiratory rates with adequate precision (<±2 breaths per minute of the reference signal). Of the sensors evaluated, capnometers and abdominal accelerometers may be the most reliable sensors for identifying hypopnea and central apnea.
Massive AIS Data Management Based on HBase and Spark

With the popularization of AIS technology on ships, the scale of maritime traffic data are rapidly increasing. The traditional management system of AIS data based on relational databases is faced with difficulties in expansion and low access efficiency. In view of that, we present AISHS, a distributed system based HBase and Spark to offer efficient storage and near-real-time query to massive AIS Data. In order to avoid the communication overhead caused by regroup the trajectory in query process, AISHS stores all data of a ship in one Region of HBase, constructs a global secondary index by the spatial-temporal attributes of AIS data. Based on this, we implement the co-location between HBase Regions and Spark RDD partitions to ensure efficient spatial-temporal query. Experiments on real datasets show that AISHS is suitable for the storage and query of AIS data.
Humanoid Vision Design for Object Detection, Localization and Mapping in Indoor Environments

While most humanoid robots have a depth camera on their head, a single depth camera may not necessarily be the best form of humanoid robot vision. This paper presents humanoid vision design consisting of two depth cameras for localization and mapping. Unlike most localization and mapping papers, this paper investigates the effect of the humanoid vision design on localization and mapping in addition to object detection. The resulting robot trajectories have shown that the localization and mapping is most accurate when the robot with large head angle (head inclination) is moved in a wide corridor. The mathematical analysis shows that the area of Field-of-View (FOV) is large when the head angle is less than 29°. These results conclude that the optimal humanoid head angle is between 20° and 29°.