Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Significance of Serum Nitric Oxide Levels in Behçet's Disease and Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

Behçet's disease (BD) is an inflammatory multisystem disorder characterized by recurrent oral and genital aphthous ulcers, arthritis, uveitis, and thrombophlebitis; it can involve several organs. However, recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) can be seen without a confirmed diagnosis of BD. Moreover, there is no way of predicting whether a patient with RAS will develop BD. Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical synthesized from L‐arginine by one of the family of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes. Increased production of NO during several inflammatory and infectious processes has been recently postulated. Our aim was to investigate the serum NO levels in patients with active and inactive BD and RAS. Forty‐six patients with BD, 30 patients with RAS and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The patients with BD were separated into two groups: clinically active (n=24) and inactive (n=22). A blood sample was collected from all subjects in order to determine their serum NO levels. In patients with active BD, higher serum levels of NO metabolite were found in comparison with patients with inactive BD, in patients with RAS, or healthy controls (p<0.05). We also found higher serum NO metabolite levels in patients with RAS than in healthy controls (p<0.05). In patients with inactive BD, statistically significant higher levels of serum NO levels were found in comparison with the control group (p<0.05). However, we found no statistically significant difference between the patients with inactive BD and RAS, which indicated that inactive BD cannot be distinguished from RAS by serum NO levels. We conclude that serum NO levels may be an important marker for estimating the severity of BD. However, further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Alzheimer Disease – Effect of Continuous Intracerebroventricular Treatment with GM1 Ganglioside and a Systematic Activation Programme

Five patients with the early-onset form of Alzheimer disease (AD) received GM1 ganglioside by continuous injection into the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles for a period of 12 months. The optimal GM1 dose varied between 20 and 30 mg/24 h. The patients were trained twice a week for 4–5 h with an individually designed cognitive programme, which included the use of a word processor. Neurological, neuropsychological, psychiatric and neurochemical examinations were performed a week before surgery and on days 30, 90, 180, 270 and 365 after surgery. The cerebrospinal fluid levels of the monoamine metabolites homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and the neuropeptide somatostatin increased. The regional cerebral blood flow showed a tendency to increase. The progression of deterioration was stopped, and motor performance and neuropsychological assessments improved. The patients became more active and felt safer in relation to other people and performing various activities. They had improved reading comprehension and a better feeling for language. They were able to write reports and short letters on a word processor. When interviewed at the end of the study, all 5 patients stated that they felt better, and their relatives reported that they had regained integrity and their joie de vivre.
Intruders pattern identification

This paper considers the problem of intrusion detection in information systems as a classification problem. In particular the case of masquerader is treated. This kind of intrusion is one of the more difficult to discover because it may attack already open user sessions. Moreover, this problem is complex because of the large variability of user models and the lack of available data for the learning purpose. Here, flexible and robust similarity measures, suitable also for non-numeric data, are defined, they will be incorporated on a one-class training K N N and compared with several classification methods proposed in the literature using the Masquerading User Data set (www.schonlau.net) representing users and intruders on an UNIX system.
Spatio-temporal chaos in duopoly games

Suppose that G and H are two given closed subintervals of R, and that q : G→ H and p : H→ G are continuous maps. Let Γ(s, t) = (p(t),q(s)) be a Cournot map over the space G×H. In this paper, we study spatio-temporal chaos of such a Cournot map. In particular, it is shown that if p and q are onto maps, then the following are equivalent: 1) Γ is spatio-temporally chaotic; 2) Γ|Λ1 is spatio-temporally chaotic; 3) Γ|Λ2 is spatio-temporally chaotic; 4) Γ |Λ1∪Λ2 is spatio-temporally chaotic. Moreover, it is proved that if p and q are onto maps, then p ◦ q is spatio-temporally chaotic if and only if so is q ◦ p. Also, we give two examples which show that for the above results, it is necessary to assume that p and q are onto maps. c ©2017 All rights reserved.
PTEN modulators: a patent review

Introduction: PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) plays a pivotal role in controlling intracellular signaling for cell survival and proliferation by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway, and its dysfunction is associated with several neoplastic diseases. PTEN is frequently found mutated in many pathological conditions highlighting its importance in normal physiological function. Unlike several cellular proteins which are activated by phosphorylation, PTEN is inactivated upon phosphorylation by specific kinases which phosphorylate serine and threonine residues in its C-terminal region. Therefore, development of therapeutic agents that specifically target kinases and kinase-domain-containing proteins affecting PTEN would lead to the treatment of PTEN-related diseases. Areas covered: With increasing evidence on the role of PTEN in many human diseases, the present review focuses on the clinical relevance of PTEN with a comprehensive list of currently identified modulators of PTEN, and proposes potentially novel molecular targets which could aid in the development of drug candidates for the treatment of PTEN-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, cancer, autism, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Expert opinion: This review describes several target sites that could help in the development of novel drug candidates to regulate or restore the normal physiological functions of PTEN and are essential in the treatment of human diseases where PTEN plays a pivotal role.
Desenvolvimento e Validação de um Instrumento para Mensurar a Preocupação de Usuários de Smartphones sobre a Invasão de Privacidade

O uso de smartphones cresceu de forma consistente ao longo dos últimos anos. Na medida que os aparelhos adquiriram novas funções, aumentou a sua capacidade de suportar serviços e aplicações. Preocupações sobre a privacidade durante o uso dos equipamentos como: coleta e armazenamento de dados, localização e uso de informações por terceiros sem autorização passaram a ser comuns entre os usuários. O presente artigo apresenta um questionário composto por cinco dimensões e dezesseis itens e tem como objetivo iniciar o processo de desenvolvimento e validação de uma escala para mensurar os fatores que influenciam a preocupação dos usuários sobre invasão de privacidade durante o uso de smartphones. Dentre as conclusões, verificou-se que a inclusão de duas dimensões que mensuram percepções positivas relacionadas ao uso dos aparelhos (Auto Eficácia e Benefício Percebido), pode contribuir para a mensuração de como os usuários avaliam as ameaças e benefícios ao usar os smartphones.
Central coordination of respiratory and cardiovascular control in mammals.

Cardiorespiratory homeostasis in mammals requires the regulation of O2, CO2, and pH and is accomplished via central nervous system (CNS) control of two exquisite, constantly active pumping systems. The bidirectional res­ piratory pump (lung and associated skeletal musculature) moves air in and out of the alveoli, where gas exchange takes place. The unidirectional cardiovas­ cular pump (heart and vasculature) moves 02-enriched blood from the pul­ monary circulation to the systemic capillaries, where O2 diffuses into tissue and CO2 moves into blood; the systemic venous blood returns to the heart, then is pumped through the pulmonary circulation for gas exchange. The CNS controls all aspects of the respiratory pump, since skeletal muscle contracts only in response to motoneuronal activity, whereas the eNS controls the cardiovascular pump by modulating the pattern of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle contraction. The CNS also coordinates these pumps and participates in the optimization, adaptation, and adjustment of their perform­ ance. Understanding the CNS role in cardiorespiratory homeostasis requires knowledge of how (i) respiratory rhythm and sympathetic and parasympathet­ ic tone are generated; (ii) the spatiotemporal patterns of motor outflow are determined; (iii) these systems are coordinated, and; (iv) responses to changes in behavioral state or afferent signals are mediated. We focus on point (iii) and concentrate on brain stem and spinal mechanisms (for discussion of other points see 11,21,32,39,69).
Effective Treatment of Osteomyelitis with Biodegradable Microspheres in a Rabbit Model

Biodegradable microspheres were manufactured from a high molecular weight copolymer of 50% lactic and 50% glycolic acid and the antibiotic tobramycin. It was hypothesized that the microspheres would be more effective than polymethylmethacrylate beads in the local delivery of tobramycin and that the microspheres would not inhibit bone healing. Osteomyelitis was established in 40 New Zealand White rabbits using Staphylococcus aureus. All animals had irrigation and debridement of the infected radii four weeks after inoculation and were divided into five treatment groups: debridement alone, microspheres alone, microspheres containing tobramycin plus parenteral treatment with cefazolin, polymethylmethacrylate beads containing tobramycin plus parenteral cefazolin, and parenteral cefazolin. All animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks of treatment. The group treated with microspheres plus parenteral antibiotics was the only group to have a significantly higher percentage of animals without bacteria after 4 weeks of treatment when compared with the control group. Additionally, the animals treated with microspheres had a higher degree of bone healing in the defect than the animals treated with bone cement. The most effective treatment was biodegradable microspheres combined with parenteral antibiotic in this rabbit osteomyelitis model.
Ibotenic acid lesions of the basolateral, but not the central, amygdala interfere with conditioned taste aversion: evidence from a combined behavioral and anatomical tract-tracing investigation.

Rats (Rattus norvegicus) with almost complete ibotenic acid lesions (at least 90%) of the basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) failed to learn a conditioned taste aversion (CTA; Experiment 1A). In these same BLA rats, the bidirectional parabrachial-insular pathway that courses through the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce) was shown to be spared (Experiment 1B), indicating that the BLA per se is critical for CTA learning. In contrast to the deleterious effect of BLA lesions on CTA, ibotenic acid lesions of the Ce did not block CTA learning (Experiment 2). Nonreinforced preexposure to the gustatory stimulus attenuated CTA acquisition in normal rats, and, under these conditions, rats with BLA lesions were no longer impaired (Experiment 3). Thus, ibotenic acid lesions centered over the Ce, sparing a considerable extent of the BLA, together with the testing procedure used in previous experiments (e.g., L. T. Dunn & B. J. Everitt, 1988), led to the belief that the CTA deficits reported after electrolytic lesions of the amygdala were the result of incidental damage to fibers of passage.
Effect of stacking faults on the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of hcp Co: a first-principles study

In terms of the fully relativistic screened Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker method we investigate the effect of stacking faults on the magnetic properties of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) cobalt. In particular, we consider the formation energy and the effect on the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) of four different stacking faults in hcp cobalt—an intrinsic growth fault, an intrinsic deformation fault, an extrinsic fault and a twin-like fault. We find that the intrinsic growth fault has the lowest formation energy, in good agreement with previous first-principles calculations. With the exception of the intrinsic deformation fault which has a positive impact on the MAE, we find that the presence of a stacking fault generally reduces the MAE of bulk Co. Finally, we consider a pair of intrinsic growth faults and find that their effect on the MAE is not additive, but synergic.
Conceptual Reference Points: A Cognitive Grammar Account of Pronominal Anaphora Constraints.

This paper presents an analysis of the constraints on pronominal anaphora in English within the framework of Cognitive Grammar in terms of semantic distinctions between pronouns and full noun phrases. Semantic notions of prominence and conceptual interconnection are used to develop a model of CONCEPTUAL REFERENCE POINTS which defines the contexts within which coreference is acceptable or unacceptable. The analysis provides a conceptual-semantic account of the 'core' anaphora facts which have previously been explained in terms of structural notions such as c-command, as well as certain data which have long been problematic for structural accounts. *
An Efficient Energy Harvesting Assisted Clustering Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

:- One of the prominent challenges in Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the energy conservation of sensor nodes irrespective of the nature of the sensor applications due to the tiny, limited batteries of the nodes.One promising solution to preserve energy is the clustering phenomenon and this mechanism also requires adequate stress on overall overhead of the network. Various clustering solutions have been addressed to extricate the power constraints of the sensor networks and they fluctuate in their boundaries owing to the multifaceted nature of this problem. In a typical clustering process in a WSN, energy is consumed in three phases: data sensing, data forwarding and data aggregation. A potential green, untrammeled replacement towards the conventional clustered sensor networks is the harvesting and utilization of energy from an ambient power resource. Unlike many other solutions, this approach overcomes the customary trade-offs but hosts economic and application-specific constraints. Our proposed Efficient Energy Harvestingassisted Clustering (EEHC) scheme contributes the idea of forming effective clusters that are free of residual nodes and overlapping. In this environment each sensor node is equipped with the energy harvesting device.The cluster head effectively balances the load in a cluster based on energy budgeting and nearly reduces the need for reclustering. Our approach is compared against the conventional and modern clustering algorithms for WSNs and yields significant improvement in the scope of lifetime from the pecuniary perspective.
Intracellular electrophysiological study of suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons in rodents: excitatory synaptic mechanisms.

1. To study the synaptic mechanisms of excitatory transmission in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), we assessed the effects of excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists on excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) recorded from SCN neurons in horizontal and parasagittal hypothalamic slice preparations from rats and guinea‐pigs. The EPSPs were evoked by electrical stimulation of either optic nerve or a site near the SCN. 2. When evoked at membrane potentials between ‐60 and ‐100 mV, the EPSPs from optic nerve stimulation were conventional in shape; they rose to the peak quickly (6.2 +/‐ 0.5 ms, mean +/‐ S.E.M.; n = 45) and decayed gradually over 50‐250 ms. When evoked at membrane potentials between ‐20 and ‐55 mV after blockade of outward K+ currents and fast Na+ spikes by intracellular injection of Cs+ and QX‐314 (n = 5 neurons), a slow depolarizing potential emerged near the fast peak of the EPSP. This slow potential, unlike the fast peak, was not linearly related to membrane potential. 3. An antagonist for kainate‐ and quisqualate‐type excitatory amino acid receptors, 6,7‐dinitroquinoxaline‐2,3‐dione (DNQX 1‐10 microM), depressed in a concentration‐dependent and reversible manner the EPSPs evoked by optic nerve stimulation at membrane potentials between ‐60 and ‐100 mV (n = 9). The effects of DNQX were not associated with any significant changes in the baseline input resistance or membrane potential of the postsynaptic neurons. The selective N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, DL‐2‐amino‐5‐phosphonopentanoic acid (AP5, 50‐100 microM), did not affect significantly and consistently the EPSPs evoked at these membrane potentials (n = 7). On the other hand, AP5 (50 microM) blocked or depressed the slow depolarizing component of the EPSPs evoked at membrane potentials between ‐20 and ‐55 mV (n = 4). No significant changes in baseline input resistance or membrane potential accompanied the effects of AP5. 4. Stimulation of a site lateral or dorsocaudal to the SCN evoked EPSPs distinct from those evoked by optic nerve stimulation. Again, DNQX (0.3‐10 microM) depressed the EPSPs evoked at membrane potentials between ‐60 and ‐100 mV (n = 4) whereas AP5 (50 microM) had no effect (n = 5). When evoked at less negative membrane potentials (i.e. ‐20 to ‐55 mV) after intracellular injection of Cs+ and QX‐314, the EPSPs had a slow depolarizing potential, similar to the EPSPs from optic nerve stimulation. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Entreposage de données complexes pour la médecine d'anticipation personnalisée

L'utilisation generalisee des nouvelles technologies permet aujourd'hui d'envisager un suivi de sante tout au long de la vie, des traitements presymptomatiques, ainsi que des analyses variees sur des populations de patients donnees. Cette medecine basee sur l'information necessite l'analyse de donnees diverses et heterogenes : dossiers patients, images medicales, resultats d'analyses biologiques, etc. L'entreposage de donnees permet d'integrer de telles donnees complexes et de les preparer pour des analyses en ligne, statistiques et/ou de fouille de donnees. Dans cet article, nous presentons un modele d'entrepot de donnees complexes relatives a des athletes de haut niveau, dont l'objectif est de venir en support de la medecine d'anticipation personnalisee. Cet entrepot est organise comme une collection de magasins de donnees interconnectes par des dimensions communes.
Spatiotemporally Distinct Protein Kinase D Activation in Adult Cardiomyocytes in Response to Phenylephrine and Endothelin*

Protein kinase D (PKD) is a nodal point in cardiac hypertrophic signaling. It triggers nuclear export of class II histone deacetylase (HDAC) and regulates transcription. Although this pathway is thought to be critical in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, little is known about spatiotemporal aspects of PKD activation at the myocyte level. Here, we demonstrate that in adult cardiomyocytes two important neurohumoral stimuli that induce hypertrophy, endothelin-1 (ET1) and phenylephrine (PE), trigger comparable global PKD activation and HDAC5 nuclear export, but via divergent spatiotemporal PKD signals. PE-induced HDAC5 export is entirely PKD-dependent, involving fleeting sarcolemmal PKD translocation (for activation) and very rapid subsequent nuclear import. In contrast, ET1 recruits and activates PKD that remains predominantly sarcolemmal. This explains why PE-induced nuclear HDAC5 export in myocytes is totally PKD-dependent, whereas ET1-induced HDAC5 export depends more prominently on InsP3 and CaMKII signaling. Thus α-adrenergic and ET-1 receptor signaling via PKD in adult myocytes feature dramatic differences in cellular localization and translocation in mediating hypertrophic signaling. This raises new opportunities for targeted therapeutic intervention into distinct limbs of this hypertrophic signaling pathway.
A Hybrid Approach for Intrusion Detection System

: Buffer Overflow (BOF) have become the most common target for network-based attacks and on the other side many detection and prevention techniques have been developed to secure the systems and networks known Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). The paper deals with the problem of BOF and proposes an IDS which is a combination of Host Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) and Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS). It is designed to detect any attempt of BOF attack that use the Call/Jump Register technique depending on the use of set of available memory addresses of Call/Jump instructions for loaded DLL files uses them as a return addresses that point to the attacker malicious code being used to exploit the system. The proposed system generates two signature files, one for HIDS and the other for NIDS. The Monitoring and Detection Engine in the HIDS depend on On-Access-Scan technique to capture any file that contains the attack signature as they open and log them to a log file. Besides that, the Monitoring and Detection Engine in the NIDS depends on Snort system to sniff and capture any data packets in the network traffic that contain the attack signature and log them to another log file. An Analysis Engine applies a set of statistical operations and a Fuzzy Analysis System on log files in order to produce a set of reports in the form of PHP web sites that represent the analysis output that give the degree of BOF attack risk.
EXPORTAÇÕES POR INTENSIDADE TECNOLÓGICA DOS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS E SUA IMPORTÂNCIA NO CRESCIMENTO ECONÔMICO

O presente trabalho procurou analisar a importância da composicao das exportacoes dos estados brasileiros para o crescimento economico no periodo de 1989 a 2011. Com dados do site ALICEWeb, classificaram-se as exportacoes em niveis tecnologicos. Na sequencia, utilizaram-se paineis dinâmicos (GMM – System ) para identificar o efeito das exportacoes – total e por niveis tecnologicos – sobre o crescimento economico. Como corolario, observou-se que as exportacoes em seus diversos segmentos se elevaram nos ultimos anos, porem, continuam pautadas em setores menos intensivos em tecnologia. Em especial, constatou-se a importância das exportacoes no crescimento economico, gerando efeitos de externalidades (no periodo e ), especialmente das exportacoes mais intensivas em tecnologia.
Epstein-Barr Virus Transforming Protein LMP1 Plays a Critical Role in Virus Production

ABSTRACT The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), which is critical for EBV-induced B-cell transformation, is also abundantly expressed during the lytic cycle of viral replication. However, the biological significance of this strong LMP1 induction remains unknown. We engineered a bacterial artificial chromosome clone containing the entire genome of Akata strain EBV to specifically disrupt the LMP1 gene. Akata cell clones harboring the episomes of LMP1-deleted EBV were established, and the effect of LMP1 loss on virus production was investigated. We found that the degree of viral DNA amplification and the expression levels of viral late gene products were unaffected by LMP1 loss, demonstrating that the LMP1-deleted EBV entered the lytic replication cycle as efficiently as the wild-type counterpart. This was confirmed by our electron microscopic observation that nucleocapsid formation inside nuclei occurred even in the absence of LMP1. By contrast, loss of LMP1 severely impaired virus release into culture supernatants, resulting in poor infection efficiency. The expression of truncated LMP1 in Akata cells harboring LMP1-deleted EBV rescued the virus release into the culture supernatant and the infectivity, and full-length LMP1 partially rescued the infectivity. These results indicate that inducible expression of LMP1 during the viral lytic cycle plays a critical role in virus production.