Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MYB81, a microspore-specific GAMYB transcription factor, promotes pollen mitosis I and cell lineage formation in Arabidopsis.

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants relies on the production of haploid gametophytes that consist of germline and supporting cells. During male gametophyte development, the asymmetric mitotic division of an undetermined unicellular microspore segregates these two cell lineages. To explore genetic regulation underlying this process, we screened for pollen cell patterning mutants and isolated the heterozygous myb81-1 mutant that sheds ~50 % abnormal pollen. Typically, myb81-1 microspores fail to undergo pollen mitosis I and arrest at polarized stage with a single central vacuole. Although most myb81-1 microspores degenerate without division, a small fraction divide at later stages and fail to acquire correct cell fates. The myb81-1 allele is transmitted normally through the female, but rarely through pollen. We show that myb81-1 phenotypes result from impaired function of the GAMYB transcription factor MYB81. The MYB81 promoter shows microspore-specific activity and a MYB81-RFP fusion protein is only expressed in a narrow window prior to pollen mitosis I. Ectopic expression of MYB81 driven by various promoters can severely impair vegetative or reproductive development, reflecting the strict microspore-specific control of MYB81. Our data demonstrate that MYB81 has a key role in the developmental progression of microspores, enabling formation of the two male cell lineages that are essential for sexual reproduction in Arabidopsis.
Risk of involuntary admission among first-generation ethnic minority groups with early psychosis: a retrospective cohort study using health administrative data

Abstract Aims Ethnic minority groups often have more complex and aversive pathways to mental health care. However, large population-based studies are lacking, particularly regarding involuntary hospitalisation. We sought to examine the risk of involuntary admission among first-generation ethnic minority groups with early psychosis in Ontario, Canada. Methods Using health administrative data, we constructed a retrospective cohort (2009–2013) of people with first-onset non-affective psychotic disorder aged 16–35 years. This cohort was linked to immigration data to ascertain migrant status and country of birth. We identified the first involuntary admission within 2 years and compared the risk of involuntary admission for first-generation migrant groups to the general population. To control for the role of migrant status, we restricted the sample to first-generation migrants and examined differences by country of birth, comparing risk of involuntary admission among ethnic minority groups to a European reference. We further explored the role of migrant class by adjusting for immigrant vs refugee status within the migrant cohort. We also explored effect modification of migrant class by ethnic minority group. Results We identified 15 844 incident cases of psychotic disorder, of whom 19% (n = 3049) were first-generation migrants. Risk of involuntary admission was higher than the general population in five of seven ethnic minority groups. African and Caribbean migrants had the highest risk of involuntary admission (African: risk ratio (RR) = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.34–1.73; Caribbean: RR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.37–1.82), and were the only groups where the elevated risk persisted when compared to the European reference group within the migrant cohort (African: RR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.04–1.48; Caribbean: RR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.07–1.56). Refugee status was independently associated with involuntary admission (RR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.02–1.32); however, this risk varied by ethnic minority group, with Caribbean refugees having an elevated risk of involuntary admission compared with Caribbean immigrants (RR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.15–2.58). Conclusions Our findings are consistent with the international literature showing increased rates of involuntary admission among some ethnic minority groups with early psychosis. Interventions aimed at improving pathways to care could be targeted at these groups to reduce disparities.
Two pathways for RNase E action in Escherichia coli in vivo and bypass of its essentiality in mutants defective for Rho‐dependent transcription termination

In the above article, authors compiled Figure 3B incorrectly by inadvertently using the same image for a pair of panels depicting growth of isogenic nusG and nusG::Kan strains under permissive conditions (that is, with IPTG supplementation at 30°). The correct image for Figure 3B is shown below. The authors sincerely apologize for this error and emphasize that it does not affect the conclusions reported in the paper.
Apoptosis in Health and Disease: Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects

Preface 1. Apoptosis in health, disease and therapy: overview and methodology Eric C. LaCasse, Martin Holcik, Robert G. Korneluk and Alex E. MacKenzie 2. Developmental apoptosis Hyung Don Ryoo and Hermann Steller 3. Apoptosis and cancer Erinn L. Soucie, Gerard Evan and Linda Z. Penn 4. Neuronal cell death in human neurodegenerative diseases and their animal/cell models Lee J. Martin, Zhiping Liu, Juan Troncoso and Donald L. Price 5. Apoptosis in the cardiovascular system: incidence, regulation and therapeutic options Martin R. Bennett 6. Cytotoxic lymphocytes, apoptosis and autoimmunity Pere Santamaria and R. Chris Bleackley 7. Pro- and anti-apoptotic strategies of viruses Helmut Fickenscher, Bernhard Fleckenstein and Armin Ensser.
Peroxiredoxin 1 as an inflammatory marker in diarrhea‐predominant and postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome

Low‐grade inflammation occurs in some patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the exact inflammatory markers of IBS and the relationship of these markers with IBS subtypes and symptoms are poorly defined. Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) plays an important role in inflammatory responses, including intestinal inflammation. We investigated whether PRDX1 is associated with the diagnosis, subtypes, and symptom severity of IBS.
Early Palliative Care Consultation in the Medical ICU: A Cluster Randomized Crossover Trial.

OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of early triggered palliative care consultation on the outcomes of high-risk ICU patients. DESIGN Single-center cluster randomized crossover trial. SETTING Two medical ICUs at Barnes Jewish Hospital. PATIENTS Patients (n = 199) admitted to the medical ICUs from August 2017 to May 2018 with a positive palliative care screen indicating high risk for morbidity or mortality. INTERVENTIONS The medical ICUs were randomized to intervention or usual care followed by washout and crossover, with independent assignment of patients to each ICU at admission. Intervention arm patients received a palliative care consultation from an interprofessional team led by board-certified palliative care providers within 48 hours of ICU admission. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Ninety-seven patients (48.7%) were assigned to the intervention and 102 (51.3%) to usual care. Transition to do-not-resuscitate/do-not-intubate occurred earlier and significantly more often in the intervention group than the control group (50.5% vs 23.4%; p < 0.0001). The intervention group had significantly more transfers to hospice care (18.6% vs 4.9%; p < 0.01) with fewer ventilator days (median 4 vs 6 d; p < 0.05), tracheostomies performed (1% vs 7.8%; p < 0.05), and postdischarge emergency department visits and/or readmissions (17.3% vs 38.9%; p < 0.01). Although total operating cost was not significantly different, medical ICU (p < 0.01) and pharmacy (p < 0.05) operating costs were significantly lower in the intervention group. There was no significant difference in ICU length of stay (median 5 vs 5.5 d), hospital length of stay (median 10 vs 11 d), in-hospital mortality (22.6% vs 29.4%), or 30-day mortality between groups (35.1% vs 36.3%) (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Early triggered palliative care consultation was associated with greater transition to do-not-resuscitate/do-not-intubate and to hospice care, as well as decreased ICU and post-ICU healthcare resource utilization. Our study suggests that routine palliative care consultation may positively impact the care of high risk, critically ill patients.
Tumor-Derived TGFβ-1 Induces Dendritic Cell Apoptosis in the Sentinel Lymph Node

Lymphatic flux from a primary tumor initially flows into a tumor-draining lymph node (LN), the so-called sentinel LN (SLN). Carried by the lymph fluid are a variety of mediators produced by the tumor that can influence immune responses within the SLN, making it a good model with which to investigate tumor-related immunology. For instance, dendritic cell (DC) numbers are reduced in SLNs from melanoma and breast cancer patients. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism by which DC numbers were reduced within SLNs from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. We found that the incidence of apoptosis among DCs was higher in SLNs than in non-SLNs, as were levels of TGFβ-1. In contrast, levels of TGFβ-1 mRNA did not differ between SLNs and non-SLNs, but were 30 times higher in tumors than in either LN type. In vitro, incubation for 2 days with TGFβ-1 induced apoptosis among both cultured DCs and DCs acutely isolated from normal thoracic LNs, effects that were blocked by the TGFβ-1 inhibitor DAN/Fc chimera. Taken together, these results suggest that tumor-derived TGFβ-1 induces immunosuppression within SLNs before the movement of tumor cells into the SLNs, thereby facilitating metastasis within those nodes.
Drug‐associated admissions to a district hospital in Saudi Arabia

Background: The modernization and expansion of the health system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has led to the wide availability of drugs and with it a potential for their misuse.Aim: To study drug‐associated admission to a district hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with regard to pattern, demographic characteristics of patients and outcome.Patients and Methods: A prospective study between 1992 and 1994 of drug‐related admissions to the medical wards of a referral district hospital in Abha, southern Saudi Arabia.Results: One hundred and six patients were studied, 50 with drug overdose (OD, group A) and 56 with other adverse drug reactions (group B). Those with OD were younger and predominantly female. Analgesics, especially mefenamic acid and psychotropic drugs, were the most common causes of OD. Family disputes in females and psychiatric illnesses in males were the main risk factors for overdose. In group B, the most common adverse drug reactions were upper gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatic injury caused by NSAIDs. The overall mortality was 3·8%. Conclusions: Although drug‐related problems constitute a minor problem in Saudi Arabia, there is a potential for their increase in the future. Overall mortality was higher than in other countries. Doctors should be alerted and hospitals should be ready to deal with this problem in Saudi Arabia, from both a medical and social point of view.
A unique conformational distortion mechanism drives Lipocalin 2 binding to bacterial siderophores.

Lcn2 is a host defense protein induced via the innate immune response to sequester iron-loaded bacterial siderophores. However, excess or prolonged elevation of Lcn2 levels can induce adverse cellular effects, including oxidative stress and inflammation. In this work, we use Hydrogen-Deuterium eXchange (HDX) and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) to characterize the binding interaction between Lcn2 and siderophores enterobactin and 2,3-DHBA, in the presence and absence of iron. Our results indicate a rare 'Type II' interaction in which binding of siderophores drives the protein conformational equilibrium towards an unfolded state. Linking our molecular model to cellular assays, we demonstrate that this 'distorted binding mode' facilitates a deleterious cellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species that could represent the molecular origin of Lcn2 pathology. These results add important insights into mechanisms of Lcn2 action and have implications in Lcn2-mediated effects including inflammation.
Type 2 diabetes in the young: why we should worry

disease affecting older age groups. In recent years, however, type 2 diabetes has become increasingly common in children, adolescents and young adults, particularly associated with obesity and in ethnic minority groups. In this article we discuss the rising prevalence of young type 2 diabetes and the mounting evidence for poor outcomes in this group. We also highlight the need for evidence-based strategies to optimally manage these high-risk patients.
Caracterización de los niveles de empatía en médicos con experiencia en medicina alternativa en Bogotá

Background. Empathy is essential in the doctor-patient relationship for ensuring good clinical practice, as this emphasises the ability to take another person's place and thus understand a patient's adversity and act accordingly. Such ability/skill forms part of the epistemological foundations supporting the different areas of emphasis regarding alternative medicine. Objective. Characterising the level of empathy of doctors practising alternative medicine regarding homeopathy, traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture, neural therapy and osteopathy. Materials and methods. A descriptive correlational study was carried out between July and January 2013 which involved doctors practising alternative medicine completing a 20 item self-report form adapted to this specific population: i.e. the Jefferson Physician Empathy Scale (JPES). Categorisation and empathy scores were then correlated with sociodemographic variables, expressing the results as frequencies and means, along with their respective confidence intervals. Results. The overall empathy score for doctors practising alternative medicine who participated in the study averaged 124.81 (94-140 range, 127 median, 9.93 SD); this score was observed most frequently in females, having no statistically significant difference regarding the male population. Conclusions. The levels of empathy for doctors trained in alternative medicine were similar to those recorded by doctors specialising in psychiatry, family medicine, internal medicine and paediatrics who had recorded the best standards for empathic physician-patient relationships.
Study of the different parameter corona discharge in point-plane Electrostatic Separator

Electrostatic separation is an increasingly used technology in the waste recycling industry. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the corona discharge behavior of direct current in a point–plane electrostatic separator according bias voltage. Physically the corona discharge has been studied by solving partial differential equations represented by Poisson's equation. The various corona discharge parameters is obtained and analyzed using the finite element method (FEM) within the COMSOL Multiphysics software for simulation model to determine the applied voltage effect on the important corona discharge parameters which are electric potential, electric field, electric displacement, current density and space charge density. Clearly, with an increase in the applied voltage, the magnitude of these parameters increases.
An Endoscopic Recognition of the Atrophic Border and its Significance in Chronic Gastritis

Summary The endoscopic atrophic border is a boundary between the pyloric and fundic gland territories, which is endoscopically recognized by discriminating differences in color and height of the gastric mucosa. The existence of superficial gas-tritis might exag-gerate the color and niveau differences, thus making it much easier to recognize the atrophic border. And also, according to the results of precise biopsy taken perpendicularly across the endoscopic atrophic border, it might be the boundary of histological atrophy and non-atrophy. In other words, the endoscopic atrophic border might be the boundary both of gland type and of atrophy. As a supplemental approach, a selective application of congo red method was endoscopically performed, which suggests that this might be a physiological border as well. Additionally, a classification of the atrophic pattern was attempted according to the location of the endoscopic atrophic border in the stomach, which revealed a close relationship with gastric analysis. Endoscopy 3 (1969) 87-97
Oxidative stress, antioxidant defenses, and schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder with a prevalence of nearly 1% of the world population. Accumulating evidence suggests that increase in production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) along with decrease in antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase) may be closely associated with the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Genes associated with glutamate transmission, dopamine transmission, synaptic plasticity, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and neuroinflammation have been closely linked to schizophrenia. Proteins encoded by many of the above genes affect the level of ROS, and lipid mediators that regulate signaling in the brain through cross‐talk among glutamate, dopamine, and eicosanoid receptors. Under physiological conditions, this refines the communication between neurons, glial cells and vascular cells, but in schizophrenia, the cross‐talk might initiate and promote oxidative stress‐mediated abnormal neuronal signaling responsible for symptoms of the disease.
Factores de riesgo asociados con enfermedad periodontal en mujeres en estado de embarazo

Periodontal disease has been associated to a vast number of risk factors and may be in turn considered as a risk factor for the development of some pathological events, such as premature birth, low weight at birth and pre-eclampsia. Periodontal disease is a multifactorial clinical entity in which inflammatory mechanisms that are also present in adverse conditions for pregnancy are involved. The literature confirms these findings and has oriented research towards cellular and molecular bases in search of a precise explanation that may allow for preemptive measures with great impact. This bibliographical review considered information starting in the year 2000, including reviews and experimental studies concerning the cellular mechanisms that explain possible alterations in periodontal tissue during pregnancy that may unchain consequences as premature birth, pre-eclampsia and low weight at birth.
Unsupervised Representation Learning for Visual Robotics Grasping

Despite tremendous success achieved by deep learning in the field of robotic vision, it still requires massive amounts of manual annotations and expensive computational resources to train a high-performance grasping detection model. The difficulties (e.g., complicated object geometry, sensor noise) all pose challenges for grasping unknown objects. In this paper, self-supervised representation learning pre-training is investigated to tackle the issues like expensive data annotation and poor generalization to improve visual robotics grasping. The proposed framework has two primary characteristics: 1) Siamese networks integrated with metric learning capture commonalities between similar objects from unlabeled data in an unsupervised fashion. 2) A well-designed encoder-decoder architecture with skip-connections, fusing low-level contour information and high-level semantic information, enables a spatially precise and semantically rich representation. A key aspect of using self-supervised pre-training model is that it alleviates the burden on data annotation and accelerates model training. By fine-tuning on a small number of labeled data, our method improves the baseline which does not use deep representation learning by 9.5 points on the Cornell dataset. Our final grasping system is capable to grasp unseen objects in a variety of scenarios on a 7DoF Franka Emika Panda robot. A video is available at https://youtu.be/Xd0hhYD-IOE.
Predictive Factors in Poor Inter-Rater Reliability Among Physical Therapists

Abstract Manual therapy is a widely used form of treatment among physical therapists and has been shown to be effective in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. In numerous studies, the reliability of clinicians performing the four grades of mobilization of manual therapy has been poor. A sample of 23 licensed physical therapists participated in quasi-experimental repeated measures designed to determine if predictive factors such as gender or years of experience contribute to inter-rater reliability variances. In this design, therapists performed Grade I, II, III and IV mobilizations on two asymptomatic volunteers at the level of L3, based on resistance defined Grades of Movement. The Kistler Force Plate ™ was used to record mobilization forces for each physical therapist at a rate of 600 data-point measurements per second. Data were assessed to determine if poor inter-rater reliability is reflective of certain predictive variables. The results identified that the independent variables of age, years of experience, gender, frequency of use, education, and background of the rater did not contribute to the overall variance within the study. Further investigation is required as to what determines the poor inter-rater reliability of spinal accessory mobilizations by practicing clinicians.
Prevalência de distúrbios ventilatórios em trabalhadores rurais expostos a defensivos químicos no norte do Paraná

O estudo visa caracterizar as condicoes de saude de trabalhadores rurais expostos a defensivos quimicos, determinando a prevalencia de disturbios ventilatorios obstrutivos e disturbios afins. A amostra compos-se de 200 individuos de ambos os sexos, de 20 a 60 anos, viticultores da regiao norte do Parana. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionario estruturado aberto e fechado; avaliacao fisica geral e pneumologica; e avaliacao espirometrica. A analise mostrou que 34% da populacao investigada apresentou valores espirometricos dentro dos padroes de normalidade; 15%, inicio de disturbio ventilatorio obstrutivo; e 51%, algum tipo de disturbio ventilatorio (DV): destes, 42% tinham DV obstrutivo; 4,5%, DV restritivo; e 4,5%, DV misto. A alta prevalencia de disturbios ventilatorios encontrada decorre da nao-observância, por parte da populacao investigada, do uso dos equipamentos de protecao individual, a que se soma a ma qualidade de vida da populacao estudada. Frente a esse quadro, a fisioterapia faz-se essencial na prevencao, reabilitacao e melhora da qualidade de vida dessa populacao.
An Average Model for Three-Phase Five-level Flying Capacitor Converters with Phase-Shifted PWM

This paper presents a new full-order ABC frame average model for three-phase five-level voltage source converters (VSCs) with flying capacitors (FCs) under the phase-shifted pulse width modulation (PS-PWM) scheme. By applying the average operator on the multi-level converter switch control functions over every quarter of the switching cycle, a switch duty cycle which is time-varying and discontinuous within one switching cycle can be derived for each converter power cell. The equivalence to the switching network was established by excluding actual FC components in the state-space average circuit, while the averaged dynamic behaviors on FCs can be still preserved without the switching functions for two consecutive cells cancelling each other out. A medium voltage (MV) back-to-back five-level FC power conditioning system was built in the MATLAB-Simulink platform based on the proposed mathematical model. Simulation results are provided for validation purposes. An FC parameter design methodology based on the proposed FC converter model was also developed.