Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applying Friedmann models to describe the evolution of the Universe based on data from the SAI Supernovae Catalog

In the recent years thanks to the modern and sophisticated technologies the astronomers and astrophysicists were able to look deep into the Universe. This vast data poses some new problem to the cosmologists. One of the problems is to develop an adequate theory. Another one is to fit the theoretical results with the observational one. In this report within the scope of the isotropic and homogeneous Friedman–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) cosmological model we study the evolution of the Universe filled with dust or cosmological constant. The reason to consider this model is the present universe surprisingly homogeneous and isotropic in large scale. We also compare our results with the data from the SAI Supernovae Catalog. Since the observational data are given in terms of Hubble constant (H) and redshift (z) we rewrite the corresponding equations as a functions of z. The task is to find the set of parameters for the mathematical model of an isotropic and homogeneous Universe that fits best with the astronomical data obtained from the study of supernovae: magnitude (m), redshift (z).
Efficacy of Estrus Synchronization Protocols during Summer and Winter Seasons together with Biochemical and Minerals Profile in Anoestrus Crossbred Cows

The estrus induction and fertility response along with biochemical and minerals profile of >90 days postpartum anoestrus crossbred cows following use of different estrus synchronization protocols was investigated during summer and winter seasons. The true anoestrus cows selected (n=43 in summer, n=40 in winter) were randomly treated with Ovsynch, Heatsynch and PRID protocols keeping 10 animals as control in both the seasons. During summer season, the estrus induction response with Ovsynch, Heatsynch and PRID protocol was 80, 90 and 80 %; while in winter season, the response was 100% with all three protocols. In summer season, the conception rates with Ovsynch, Heatsynch and PRID protocols at induced estrus were 30, 20 and 20 %and those of 3 cycles 60, 40 and 50 %, respectively, while in winter season, the conception rates at induced estrus were 45.45, 27.27 and 36.36 % and overall of 3 cycles 72.72, 45.45 and 63.64%, respectively. The overall mean plasma concentrations of total cholesterol (mg/dl) in anoestrus cows under Ovsynch, Heatsynch and PRID protocols were 171.57±4.75, 190.97±4.90 and 184.93±3.10 during winter and 163.73±4.96, 162.87±11.24 and 177.63±7.98 during summer, respectively. The corresponding values for plasma total protein (g/dl) during winter season were 7.77±0.11, 7.90±0.12and7. 51±0.14, and in summer season 7.90±0.14, 8.02±0.67 and 8.32±0.10, respectively. The cholesterol levels were insignificantly lower and protein levels were significantly higher in summer than winter season, particularly in non-conceived cows. Among the minerals profiles, i.e. calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, only the calcium levels were significantly higher during winter and in conceived cows as compared to counter parts. In conclusion, the results showed that estrus synchronization with fixed time insemination protocols can augment fertility in anoestrus crossbred cows under favorable as well as heat stress condition, and the response is better with Ovsynch and PRID protocols without influencing much the blood metabolic profil
Social Learning and Learning to Be Social: From Online Instruction to Online Education

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 had many unprecedented, long-lasting and consequential effects on virtually all aspects of society worldwide Education is certainly one of the most affected sectors With more than 1 5 billion students being forced to stay away from their schools for extended periods of time, policy makers, school leaders, teachers, and parents all had to scramble to improvise education without physical schools Going online was one of the most frequent chosen options for delivering education during the pandemic Going online forced educators and parents to face one of the biggest challenges in education today: preparing children to live well in the digital world
Bottleneck Detection and Reduction Using Simulation Modeling to Reduce Overcrowding of Hospital Emergency Department

Overcrowding is a common problem in hospital emergency departments (EDs) where the ED service cannot meet care demands within reasonable time frames. This paper introduces a quantitative approach using computer simulation modeling for hospital decision makers to explore trade-offs between efficiency, workload and capacity of EDs. A computer simulation model is built based on the ED of a local hospital to improvement efficiency of the ED patient flow. Bottlenecks of the emergency care process are detected using the built model. The ED performance is examined by applying alternative strategies to reduce patient waiting time and length of stay. The proposed method can be applied to improve the operation efficiency of healthcare systems in the current pandemic, COVID -19.
Zagreb topological indices for hexadentate 3-hydroxypyridinones-terminated dendrimers used in iron binding and anti-microbial activities

Among the degree based topological indices which are mostly used in the study of chemical graph theory, the Zagreb index plays a prominent role in the study of therapies and treatments. There were different versions of the Zagreb indices defined in the literature and used for different purposes. In this paper, we calculated the different versions of the Zagreb indices for the hexadentate 3-hydroxypyridinones-terminated dendrimers which are used in iron binding and anti-microbial activities. These indices may play an important role in determining properties of these compounds. Keywords: Anti-microbial activities, dendrimers, iron binding, topological index, Zagreb index.
Persepsi Penggunaan Fitur Augmented Reality pada Platform Online Shopping Berbasis Technology Acceptance Model

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur persepsi konsumen terhadap fitur Augmented Reality (AR) pada platform online shopping saat berbelanja produk kosmetik. Penggunaan internet saat ini berpengaruh terhadap pesatnya pertumbuhan bisnis online. Namun masih banyak konsumen yang merasa khawatir ketika berbelanja online karena merasa produk yang didapatkan tidak sesuai dengan ekspektasi konsumen. Sejalan dengan kekhawatiran tersebut, muncul teknologi yang menggabungkan dunia virtual dengan dunia nyata melalui fitur Augmented Reality. Fitur tersebut diharapkan dapat memberikan pengalaman baru kepada konsumen melalui visualisasi 3D melalui camera mobile phone dimana konsumen dapat mencoba produk dan memilih item sesuai yang diinginkan. Penelitian ditujukan kepada 225 responden yang pernah menggunakan Shopee Beauty Cam dengan rentang usia 17 – 24 tahun atau generasi Z karena tumbuh pada era internet dan banyak berhubungan melalui media sosial. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa persepsi konsumen terhadap fitur AR pada virtual shoppingdapat memberikan kemudahan, manfaat, dan kesenangan saat mengadopsi AR dan mampu memunculkan keterikatan dengan konsumen.
Barrier and facilitator on breastfeeding education and promotion: A literature review

Breast milk contains many nutrients according to the needs of the baby for growth and development. Breast milk is very important for the health and well-being of infants. The world health organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding mothers for six months starting from the baby's first life and continuing until the age of two. Breastfeeding can provide economic benefits for the family and community. This study aimed to explore the barrier and facilitator on breastfeeding promotion and education. This study was literature study. This study finding that support from the baby's father is needed as a strong decision exclusively breastfeeding mothers. Pediatricians and midwives have an important role to support in providing exclusive breastfeeding from mothers and infants. Mothers who work full time find it very difficult to care for their babies exclusively. The workplace can be a barrier for mothers to care for and provide exclusive breastfeeding. Breastfeeding competency-based training is needed as a more optimal promotion of exclusive breastfeeding. Promotion of breastfeeding can increase the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding. Knowledge promotes breastfeeding can increase the chances of successful breastfeeding and improve baby's health. An important role in the successful promotion of breastfeeding is the quality of knowledge and support for exclusive breastfeeding.
Antifungal activity of Swertia ciliata (Family-Gentianaceae), Acorus calamus (Family-Araceae) and Viola serpens (Family Violaceae) from Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand Himalayas, India

Plant essential oils are potential source of antimicrobials of natural origin. Essential oils and extracts obtained from many plants have recently gained a great popularity and scientific interest. Consumer demand for natural preservatives has increased, whereas the safety aspect of chemical additives has been questioned. The plant oil has been reported to have antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic and antidermatophytic properties. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of three essential oils (EOs), against Picher guilliermondii and Candida albicans strains. Three medicinally important plants Swertia ciliata, Acorus calamus and Viola serpens were evaluated for their antifungal activities. The oil of Swertia ciliata had moderate to good activity against the tested Candida albicans pathogens and the oil of Acorus calamus and Viola serpens show good activity against Pichia guilliermondii on the basis of zone of inhibition and MIC values. These results support the plant oils can be used to cure mycotic infections and plant oils may have role as pharmaceutical and preservatives.
Blended Learning Implementation and Impact in Vocational Schools

The purpose of this study is to systematically review empirical evidence about how necessary blended learning for vocational education, the blended learning implementation in vocational schools, and the blended learning impact in vocational schools. It analyzed 32 studies concerning blended learning implementation and impact in vocational schools, published in the last five years. Employing the meta-analysis review method, the data were extracted and analyzed by descriptive analysis and concluded in the form of a percentage. This study’s results stated that blended learning could be used as a vocational education system solution by adjusting technological advances. The highest implementation was in the design and management dimensions of blended learning at 39%; It was considered the most important in adopting blended learning in vocational schools. Besides, the study of the highest impact was the increase in students' abilities and knowledge in the form of test scores, which was 42% higher than behavior and motivation’s impact. Therefore, it is necessary for future research to develop blended learning in vocational schools by paying attention to the students’ behavior and motivation impact.
A novel method for improving Bit Error Rate in sensor networks by using Orthogonal Space Time Block Code (OSTBC) coding

For the designing of any network, lifetime and size of the network are the most important parameters in addition to that high data rate and low bit error rate also play an important role in the designing of any sensor network. In this paper, new transmission techniques for the transmission of sensors data has been proposed for sensor networks by combining various modulation and coding techniques into the network transmission. The proposed technique is used to improve the Bit Error Rate performance of the wireless sensor network, in most of the wireless sensor networks ,bits are converted into packets and these packets are transmitted from source to destination during that transmission the quality of physical layer is determined by the Bit Error Rate (BER) and the Packet Delivery Rate (PDR). The physical layer deals with transmission of bits over wireless link the designing constraints of this layer is modulation, diversity and coding. In this paper various modulation, coding and diversity techniques are incorporated into sensor network for reducing Bit Error Rate (BER). The proposed system divides the network into two types of nodes, first one is the sensor nodes, equipped with short distance transmission capability and another one is special nodes that are equipped with modulators and coders for transmitting data over long distance. This proposed system also extended for providing the secured data transmission by the use of various error detection and correction codes.
Community Detection in Sparse Networks Using the Symmetrized Laplacian Inverse Matrix (SLIM)

There is increasing interest in the study of community detection for sparse networks. Here, we propose a new method for detecting communities in sparse networks that uses the symmetrized Laplacian inverse matrix (SLIM) to measure the closeness between nodes. The idea comes from the first hitting time in random walks, and has a nice interpretation in diffusion maps. Community membership is acquired by applying the spectral method to the SLIM. The SLIM outperforms state-of-art methods in many real data sets and simulations. It is also robust to the choice of tuning parameter, in contrast to spectral clustering with regularization. Theoretical analyses show that in sparse scenarios generated by stochastic block model, the SLIM ensures the same order of misclassification rate in E(degree) as that of regularized spectral clustering.
Abnormal levels of disease and predation as limiting factors for wildebeest in the Etosha National Park

Investigations between 1975-78 established that a combination of disease, namely anthrax, and excessive numbers of predators, especially Lion, were responsible for the sharp decline in wildebeest numbers. On average, 62 % of all wildebeest carcases tested positive for anthrax, while predators were not susceptible to anthrax. The levels of other disease and parasites were low.
Proteomics in COPD

In alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) there is excess neutrophil elastase activity, resulting in proteolytic destruction of the lung parenchyma. I hypothesised that the peptide fragments of proteins present in the lung might be detectable in plasma by mass spectrometry and that they might be useful biomarkers of disease activity and treatment efficacy. Calcium ionophore, neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3 were added to plasma from patients with A1ATD to create an \(in\) \(vitro\) model of the destructive processes. MALDI-based peptide profiling of plasma from patients pre and post treatment with intravenous A1AT was undertaken and MS/MS performed to identify differences. Plasma was also depleted of abundant plasma proteins, labelled with isobaric tags and analysed by shotgun proteomics. The readily detectible components of the plasma proteome remained unchanged with intravenous A1AT. Addition of ionophore, elastase and proteinase 3 to patient blood generated predominantly fragments of fibrinogen. In patients treated with intravenous A1AT, fragments of A1AT increased significantly with treatment: - 2 of these were fragments of a short C-terminal segment of the A1AT protein and were also present in healthy subjects. The shotgun experiments did not identify any robust biomarkers and illustrate the challenging nature of plasma proteomics.
Experimental infection of Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) with Tacaribe virus

Bats (order Chiroptera) represent nearly one fifth of all known species of mammals, yet many aspects of bat biology are poorly understood. Bats of certain species are well known reservoirs of rabies virus but within the past few years bats also have been identified as reservoirs or potential reservoirs of several other important human and livestock pathogens. Among these are severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Nipah and Hendra paramyxoviruses, several lyssaviruses, and both Marburg virus and ebolaviruses (filoviruses). In some instances, filoviruses may cause persistent infection without recognized pathology in the bat host. Even though these are medically important viruses, little is known as to how bat immune systems engage them or how they might evade a sterilizing host immune response. Recently, a project was initiated to research the immune systems of Seba’s short-tailed fruit bats, which may be a reservoir for a newly discovered coronavirus. cDNAs of four cytokine genes; tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-23a, (IL-23a), and granulocyte macrophage stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis shows these genes are highly conserved with regard to orthologous sequences and they provide some value for resolving phylogenetic relationships between mammals.
Ligustilide alleviates podocyte injury via suppressing the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathways in rats with diabetic nephropathy

Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the common chronic microvascular complications of diabetes, and podocyte injury and dysfunction are strictly related to the pathogenesis of DN. Studies have shown that ligustilide (LIG) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities. This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effect of LIG in DN rats and their mechanisms. Methods DN rat models (n=10) were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) combined with a high-fat diet. Rats in the LIG group were intragastrically administered with LIG daily for eight weeks, and animals in the positive control group were treated with Losartan potassium. The body weight and blood glucose were checked weekly during the treatment. The pathological changes of kidney tissue were observed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Blood lipid profiles and renal function-related markers, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (Scr) were monitored using a biochemical analyzer. The protein expression of nephrin was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Finally, Western blot was used to determine the protein expression of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Results Compared with the healthy control group, rats in the DN group have slower weight gain, increased blood sugar level, renal lesions, and impaired renal function, along with decreased nephrin expression, abnormally activated NF-κB, and inhibited SIRT1 protein expression. All the above conditions were improved after intervention with either losartan potassium or LIG. Conclusions LIG attenuates podocyte injury by regulating the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway and thereby exerts its protective effect on renal function in DN rats.
The right size: The hormonal and transcriptional regulation of growth in Drosophila melanogaster

THE RIGHT SIZE: THE HORMONAL AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF GROWTH IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER By Rewatee Hemant Gokhale Regulation of final organ size is a complex developmental process involving the integration of systemic, organ-specific and environmentally regulated processes. Together these processes enable co-ordination of organ growth with body growth and the achievement of correct organ size. Dysregulation in these processes causes overor under growth of organs resulting in compromised organ function. Understanding the mechanisms contributing to regulation of organ size is therefore key to understanding organ function. My research has focused on understanding two distinct aspects of developmental growth control. Firstly, what role does systemic hormonal signaling play in regulating final organ size? Second, what is the role of transcriptional regulation of the Insulin Receptor (InR) gene in regulating final organ size? I have addressed these questions through a variety of genetic and biochemical tools in the model system of the common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. In order to understand the role of hormonal signaling, I used the model of the wing imaginal disc to show that growth retardation in one part of the imaginal disc results in coordinated reduction in growth rate in the unperturbed part. Further, I show that this is mediated through systemic signaling by the insect hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone. Lastly, I demonstrate that systemic ecdysone signaling interacts with organ-autonomous insulin signaling to mediate growth coordination across the imaginal disc. To understand the role of transcriptional regulation of InR, I generated transgenic flies with increased dosage of InR. Using this transgenic fly line, I identified the minimal cisregulatory region of InR and the effects of increased dosage of InR on aspects of fly physiology. I further show that the InR cis-regulatory region consists of multiple enhancers, which are capable of driving tissue-specific reporter gene expression. Lastly, I outline a strategy to test the role of modified transcriptional feedback to InR by the transcription factor dFoxo. Together, my results would be of broad interest to developmental biologists and contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms organ and body size regulation. Copyright By REWATEE HEMANT GOKHALE 2017
Control of growth and patterning in the fungal fruiting structure: A case for the involvement of hormones

Development and tissue differentiation in animal and plant multicellular organisms results from communication between cells via hormones and growth factors. The patterns associated with tissue differentiation and growth in fungal fruiting structures have been observed and described at the macroscopic, cellular, ultrastructural and even genetic/molecular levels. Although the formation of a fully differentiated mushroom, composed of distinct, organised tissues, from an initial mass of uncoordinated hyphae, provides the prima facie evidence for fungal hormones or morphogens coordinating differentiation and growth in developing fruit bodies, this has not been substantiated since few chemical candidates have been identified. This is in stark contrast to the animal and plant kingdoms where hormones and growth factors have been discovered, identified, purified and are commercially available. Fungal hormones are known to occur in lower fungi (oomycetes, chytridiomycetes, zygomycetes) where they are essential for mating, sexual development and differentiation and there is some evidence for their presence during differentiation of sexual fruiting structures in higher fungi (ascomycetes, basidiomycetes) but there is little information about hormonal coordination of growth during the development of fruit bodies or vegetative, multihyphal structures. The possibility that hormones or growth factors may be involved in the development of sexual and vegetative fruiting structures and in differential growth during tropic responses to external stimuli is discussed.