Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-Nipissing Origin of a Backdune Complex Along the Southeastern Shore of Lake Michigan

Relatively low (<25 m) parabolic dunes and dune ridges occur inland of massive parabolic dunes in many dune complexes along the southeastern shore of Lake Michigan. The major study of these backdunes (Tagues, 1946) concluded, based on field criteria, that they were older than the massive parabolic dunes and originate at the Calumet and Algonquin stages of ancestral Lake Michigan (~14-10 ka). Younger ages are indicated by this study in which Optically Stimulated Luminescense (OSL) ages were obtained from the crest of three backdunes southwest of Holland, Michigan. All ages are within statistical error of each other and indicate dune stabilization at ~4 ka. Similarities in surface soil development throughout the backdunes support the conclusion that they all stabilized at about the same time. Radiocarbon ages from paleosols indicate that the massive parabolic dunes were active at 4 ka and that this activity persisted after the back dunes had stabilized. In the Holland area, dune growth and migration occurred in a broad zone, including both back and massive parabolic dunes, immediately after the rise to and drop from Nipissing II high lake levels but became confined to a narrower zone closer to shore after ~4 ka.
EXPLORING ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS IN SURVIVAL AND ESTIMATING RATES OF POPULATION CHANGE USING PROGRAM MARK

Recent advances in the theory and application of Cormack-Jolly-Seber capture–recapture models include incorporating individual covariates into the capture–recapture modeling process, and estimating finite rates of population change (λ) from a single capture–history matrix. Program MARK, a software package, incorporates both of these features to allow examination of ecological mechanisms affecting life history traits and how populations change over time. Individual covariates are variables associated with individual capture histories and are modeled in MARK using design matrices. The use of individual covariates in MARK are described with an example examining the effects of physical condition and parasitism on female survival in a fictitious avian species. Individual covariates also can be extended to habitat relationships—at least for territorial species—where individual covariates are habitat variables associated with territories where individuals reside. In program MARK, population rates of change (λ) based on capture–recapture data can be modeled with time-dependency, as a function of external covariates (such as weather) or with individual covariates.
Large scale trans-ethnic meta-analyses identify novel rare and common variants associated with blood pressure and hypertension

High blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and premature death. However, there is limited knowledge on specific causal genes and pathways. To better understand the genetics of blood pressure we genotyped 242,296 rare, low-frequency and common genetic variants in up to ~192,000 individuals, and used ~155,063 samples for independent replication. We identified 31 novel blood pressure or hypertension associated genetic regions in the general population, including three rare missense variants in RBM47, COL21A1 and RRAS with larger effects (>1.5mmHg/allele) than common variants. Multiple rare, nonsense and missense variant associations were found in A2ML1 and a low-frequency nonsense variant in ENPEP was identified. Our data extend the spectrum of allelic variation underlying blood pressure traits and hypertension, provide new insights into the pathophysiology of hypertension, and indicate new targets for clinical intervention.
LIMITING WINDSTORM EFFECTS ON TOWER BY A "LOW DRAG" CONDUCTOR

Hurricane winds affect the flow around electrical conductor in a way that it may reach the critical (Drag crisis) and postcritical states. It is thus important to introduce the cable aerodynamic drag as Reynolds-dependent when calculating the response of the power transmission line under hurricane. To represent the respective wind loading on cable, the turbulent, spatially non-uniform wind model is used. In order to assess the behaviour and cyclic fatigue loads under hurricane conditions of different transmission line conductors, the time response analyses were done. Results of comparative study of the smooth cable AERO-Z and classical multistrand cable, including the percentage of load reduction offered to supporting structure, are presented.
ANTI-ANXIETY EFFECT OF ARONIA MELANOCARPA FRUIT JUICE ADMINISTERED SUBCHRONICALLY TO RATS

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice (AMFJ) on anxiety in male Wistar rats. AMFJ was administered orally for periods of 7, 14, 21 and 30 days at doses of 2.5, 5 and 10 ml/kg. The state of anxiety was evaluated using the elevated plus-maze test. For the periods of 7 and 14 days, AMFJ induced a dose-dependent tendency to increase the number of entries into the open arms, the time spent there, the ratio of open arm entries/total entries, and the ratio of time spent in the open arms/total time. For the 21and 30-day treatment periods, the anti-anxiety effect of AMFJ at doses of 2.5 and 5 mL/kg was not statistically significant, while the dose of 10 mL/kg significantly increased the number of entries into the open arms, the time spent there and the ratio of open/total arm entries, and decreased the time spent in the closed arms in comparison with the saline-treated controls. The findings from the present study suggested a doseand time-dependent anti-anxiety effect of AMFJ. As polyphenols are the main bioactive substances in the juice, we could conclude that most probably they are responsible for the anti-anxiety effect of AMFJ applied subchronically to rats.
Context MDPs

This paper presents a simple method for exact online inference and approximate decision making, applicable to large or partially observable Markov decision processes. The approach is based on a closed form Bayesian inference procedure for a class of context models which contains variable order Markov decision processes. The models can be used for prediction, and thus for decision theoretic planning. The other novel step of this paper is to use the belief (context distribution) at any given time as a compact representation of system state, in a manner similar to predictive state representations. Since the belief update is linear time in the worst case, this allows for computationally efficient value iteration and reactive learning algorithms such as Q-learning for this class of models.
Pulmonary Hypertension Responses to Constant Work Rate Bicycle Ergometry Exercise in Primary Pulmonary Hypertension: The Effect of Inhaled Nitric Oxide

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) to constant work rate exercise and to examine the effect of nitric oxide (NO) inhalation. BACKGROUND Maximal exercise tolerance is reduced in PPH, but gas exchange responses to constant work rate exercise have not been defined. We hypothesized that increased pulmonary vascular resistance in PPH would reduce the rate of rise of minute oxygen consumption in response to a given work rate. Because NO may lower pulmonary vascular pressures in PPH, we also postulated that inhaled NO might ameliorate gas exchange abnormalities. METHODS Nine PPH patients and nine matched normal subjects performed 6-min duration constant work rate cycle ergometry exercise (33.9 6 13.4 W). Patients performed two experiments: breathing air and breathing air with NO (20 ppm). Preexercise right ventricular systolic pressure was assessed by Doppler echocardiography. Normal subjects performed the air experiment only. Gas exchange and heart rate responses were characterized by fitting monoexponential curves. RESULTS In PPH patients, resting right ventricular systolic pressure fell after NO inhalation (from 83.8 6 16.9 to 73.9 6 21.6 mm Hg, p , 0.01, analysis of variance with Tukey correction), but not after breathing air alone (from 88.0 6 20.8 to 86.7 6 20.6 mm Hg, p 5 NS). Nitric oxide did not affect any of the gas exchange responses. Minute oxygen consumption was similar by the end of exercise in patients and normals, but increased more slowly in patients (mean response time [MRT]: air, 63.17 6 14.99 s; NO, 61.60 6 15.45 s) than normals (MRT, 32.73 6 14.79, p , 0.01, analysis of variance, Tukey test). Minute oxygen consumption kinetics during recovery were slower in patients (MRT air: 82.50 6 29.94 s; NO, 73.36 6 15.87 s) than in normals (MRT, 34.59 6 7.11 s, p , 0.01). Heart rate kinetics during exercise and recovery were significantly slower in patients than in normals. CONCLUSIONS The cardiac output response is impaired in PPH. Nitric oxide lowered pulmonary artery pressure at rest, but failed to improve exercise gas exchange responses. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;36:547–56) © 2000 by the American College of Cardiology
Quality of Work Life as Methodological Framework in Organizational Studies: State of the Art and Perspectives for the Future Research

The main goal of the present paper is to conduct theoretical and methodological analysis of the current state of the art in the field of QWL studies and to outline perspectives for the future research of the QWL in managerial and organizational research. 716 publications listed in the Web of Science utilizing the QWL concept were selected at the initial stage and 420 papers were included in the final set of publications for analysis. The literature examination revealed the absence of the clear and concrete definition of QWL, various (and often incomplete) approaches to QWL content and indicators, interference of QWL with other concepts like job satisfaction which all resulted in general confusion in academic discussions about the notion. We argue that it is necessary to elaborate a new model for QWL assessment which would combine subjective and objective measures in the context of the general framework of needs satisfaction approach. We hope to contribute to the current discussions by suggesting our own version of classification of employee needs in the QWL framework elaborated basing on previous research by other authors.
FICLONE: Improving DBpedia Spotlight Using Named Entity Recognition and Collective Disambiguation

In this paper we present FICLONE, which aims to improve the performance of DBpedia Spotlight, not only for the task of semantic annotation (SA), but also for the sub-task of named entity disambiguation (NED). To achieve this aim, first we enhance the spotting phase by combining a named entity recognition system (Stanford NER ) with the results of DBpedia Spotlight. Second, we improve the disambiguation phase by using coreference resolution and exploiting a lexicon that associates a list of potential entities of Wikipedia to surface forms. Finally, to select the correct entity among the candidates found for one mention, FICLONE relies on collective disambiguation, an approach that has proved successful in many other annotators, and that takes into consideration the other mentions in the text. Our experiments show that FICLONE not only substantially improves the performance of DBpedia Spotlight for the NED sub-task but also generally outperforms other state-of-the-art systems. For the SA sub-task, FICLONE also outperforms DBpedia Spotlight against the dataset provided by the DBpedia Spotlight team.
PERCEPTUAL REORGANIZATION OF VOWELS

During the first year of life, infants go from perceiving speech sounds primarily based on their acoustic characteristics, to perceiving speech sounds as belonging to speech sound categories relevant in their native language(s). The transition is apparent in that very young infants typically discriminate both native and non-native speech sound contrasts, whereas older infants show better discrimination for native contrasts and worse or no discrimination for non-native contrasts. The rate of this perceptual reorganization depends, among other things, on the salience of the relevant speech sounds within the speech signal. As such, the perceptual reorganization of vowels and lexical tone typically precedes the perceptual reorganization of consonants. Perceptual reorganization of speech sounds is often demonstrated by measuring infants’ discrimination of specific speech sound contrasts across development. One way of measuring discriminatory ability is to use the mismatch response (MMR). This is a brain response that can be measured using external electroencephalography recordings. Presenting an oddball (deviant) stimulus among a series of standard stimuli elicits a response that, in adults, correlates well with behavioral discrimination. When the two stimuli are speech sounds contrastive in the listeners’ language, the response arguably reflects both acoustic and linguistic processing. In infants, the response is less studied, but has nevertheless already proven useful for studies on the perceptual reorganization of speech sounds. The present thesis documents a series of studies with the end game of investigating how amount of speech exposure influences the perceptual reorganization, and whether the learning mechanisms involved in speech sound category learning is specific to speech or domain-general. In order to be able to compare MMR results across different age groups in infancy, a non-speech control condition needed to be devised however, to account for changes in the MMR across development that are attributable to general brain maturation rather than language development specifically. Findings of the studies incorporated in the thesis show that spectrally rotated speech can be used to approximate the acoustic part of the MMR in adults. Subtracting the acoustic part of the MMR from the full MMR thus estimates the part of the MMR that is linked to linguistic, rather than acoustic, processing. The strength of this linguistic part of the MMR in fourand eightmonth-old infants is directly related to the daily amount of speech that the infants are exposed to. No evidence of distributional learning of non-speech auditory categories was demonstrated in adults, but the results together with previous research generate hypotheses for future study. In conclusion, the research performed within the scope of this thesis highlights the need of a non-speech control condition for use in developmental speech perception studies using the MMR, demonstrates the viability of one such non-speech control condition, and points toward relevant future research within the topic of speech sound category development.
Vitamin A in bananas Vitamin A in bananas Vitamin

Vitamin A in bananas Vitamin A is an organic compound that plays an important role in vision, cell growth and the regulation of the immune system. Like most other vitamins, the body's daily requirement needs to be obtained from the diet to prevent the problems associated with vitamin A deficiency. Retinol, also known as preformed vitamin A, is the main form of vitamin A absorbed when eating foods of animal origin. Plants, however, do not contain preformed vitamin A. Instead they have carotenoids, some of which are converted into vitamin A by the body—the so-called provitamin A carotenoids (pVACs). Unlike retinol, plant carotenoids are not toxic at high levels.
Award Number: W81XWH-08-2-0086 TITLE: The Separate and Cumulative Effects of TBI and PTSD on Cognitive Function and Emotional Control PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR:

Pratt N, Willoughby A, Swick D. When the going gets tough, attention starts going. Abstract submitted in Nov. 2009. Poster presented at the Cognitive Neuroscience Society meeting, April 17-20, 2010. http://www.cnsmeeting. org/index.php? Page=poster_detail. php&ID=304
Komponentensuche mit Begriffen

Mit Schlüsselwörtern indexierte Komponenten einer Sammlung werden einmalig durch formale Begriffsanalyse zu einem Begriffsverband strukturiert. Dieser erlaubt dann, Komponenten durch die Angabe von Schlüsselwörtern einfach, effizient, inkrementell und mit Unterstützung für den Benutzer zu suchen. Der Suchprozeß garantiert dabei, daß bei einer Suche mindestens eine Komponente gefunden wird. Da der Suchprozeß unabhängig vom Inhalt der verwalteten Komponenten ist, ist er auch für inhomogene und multimediale Sammlungen geeignet. Eine prototypische Implementierung zur Verwaltung einer Unix Online-Dokumentation belegt die Anwendbarkeit des Verfahrens, dessen Komplexität zusätzlich experimentell untersucht wurde. Es zeigt sich, daß das Verfahren eine schnelle und genaue Navigation in Sammlungen mit mehreren tausend Komponenten ermöglicht.
Award Number: W81XWH-12-1-0216 TITLE: Targeting Histone Demethylase GASC1/JMJD2C/KDM4C as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

s: 1. Zhang L, Hou JL, Holowatyj A and Yang Z-Q. The role of histone demethylase GASC1 in promoting prostate cancer progression. 104st American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting in Washington, DC, Apr 4-10, 2013 (see Appendix) 2. Yang Z-Q. The role of histone demethylase GASC1 in cancer and its therapeutic potential. COLD SPRING HARBOR ASIA: DifferentiationTherapy and Advances in Cancer, Suzhou, China. October 20-24, 2012 (Selected for the oral presentation)
The impact of verb form , sentence position , home language and L 2 proficiency on subject-verb agreement in child L 2 Dutch

It has been argued that children learning a second language (L2) omit agreement inflection due to communication demands (Haznedar, 2001; Haznedar & Schwartz, 1997; Ionin & Wexler, 2002; Prévost, 2003). The conclusion of these studies is that L2 children know the morphological and syntactic properties of agreement inflection, but sometimes insert an inflectional default form (i.e. the bare verb) in production. The present study focuses on factors that explain errors with subject-verb agreement in the speech of children learning Dutch as their L2. Analyses of experimentally obtained production data from four to nine year old L2 children reveal that verb form, sentence position, home language and L2 proficiency determine accuracy with subjectverb agreement in the L2. Most errors were omissions of inflection, in line with the above hypothesis. However, in more exceptional contexts, the children also substituted verb forms, which is more difficult to reconcile with the claim that L2 children’s errors reflect insertion of a default form. [159 words] The impact of verb form, sentence position, home language and L2 proficiency on subjectverb agreement in child L2 Dutch It is a well-established observation that second language (L2) learners frequently err when using grammatical morphemes (Bailey, Madden, & Krashen, 1973; Dulay & Burt, 1973, 1974; Goldschneider & DeKeyser, 2001; Larsen-Freeman, 1975, 1976). Various recent studies have highlighted problems with tense and agreement morphemes in child L2 development (Haznedar, 2001; Haznedar & Schwartz, 1997; Herschensohn, Stevenson, & Waltmunson, 2005; Ionin & Wexler, 2002; Prévost, 2003; Paradis, Rice, Crago, & Marquis, 2008). The conclusion drawn in these studies is that L2 children know the morphological and syntactic properties of these morphemes, but nevertheless fail to use them in production. Little is known about the factors that cause L2 children’s errors with verb inflection in speech production. Therefore, in this study, we examined the contribution of multiple factors on L2 Dutch children’s production of agreement inflection. The use of elicitation techniques allowed the collection of information across a range of syntactic contexts, that varied in person, number and word order. The children in this study were between ages four and nine, and had either a richly inflecting or an isolating home language. The outcomes of this study indicate that verb form, sentence position, home language and L2 proficiency impact on L2 children’s accuracy with subject-verb agreement in speech production.
Dynamics of colloidal crystals in shear flow

We investigate particle dynamics in nearly hard sphere colloidal crystals submitted to a steady shear flow. Both the fluctuations of single colloids and the collective motion of crystalline layers as a whole are studied by using a home-built counter rotating shear cell in combination with confocal microscopy. Firstly, our real space observations confirm the global structure and orientation as well as the collective zigzag motion as found by early scattering experiments. Secondly, dynamic processes accompanying the shear melting transition are followed on the particle level. Local rearrangements in the crystal are seen to occur more frequently with increasing shear rate. This shear-enhanced particle mobility is quantified by measuring the random particle displacements from time-tracked particle coordinates. We find that shear induced melting takes place when these random displacements reach 12% of the particle separation, reminiscent of the Lindemann criterion for melting in equilibrium systems. In addition, a dynamic criterion for melting, based on the relative importance of the long time self diffusion compared to the short time self diffusion, is discussed.
Exploration of Adherence Clubs as a Model of Care for Patients: a Literature Review

The basis of outcomes assessment in epidemiology provides a framework for analyzing and understanding potential relationships between outcomes and medical interventions. Adherence clubs are a community and facility based intervention that is targeted at decongesting health facility, improving quality of care and retaining patients on ART and chronic medication. The study sought to model the relationship between health outcomes and the implementation of the adherence clubs. A literature review was conducted on the internal and external factors that generally influence health outcomes among adherence club patients. Due to the limited literature on adherence clubs patients, general patient related health outcome literature was used in the construction of the model. Common themes were grouped into broad categories to map out the model. The study shows that there are individual, economic, social, and environmental factors that generally influence health outcomes among patients. Furthermore, these are likely to be the leading elements to improved health outcomes among adherence club members.
Electronic coupling and thermal relaxation in self-assembled InAs quantum dot superlattices

We report optical and structural characterizations of InAs quantum dot superlattices grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs (001). Cross-sectional electron microscopy imaging reveals ~ 20 nm diameter InAs islands well aligned along the growth direction. Low temperature photoluminescence spectra exhibit a clear redshift with decreasing island vertical separation, as a result of electronic coupling between stacked dots, given that the larger shift is obtained for 70 A spacing. At high excitation power, the photoluminescence spectra show a doublet structure corresponding to coupled and uncoupled quantum dot states. The temperature dependence of the photoluminescence indicates that thermionic emission activation energy is much lower than the estimated barrier height. Such a difference is explained by the presence of non-radiative recombination centers due to strain relaxation and In segregation.