Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transmission electron microscopy with a liquid flow cell

The imaging of microscopic structures at nanometre‐scale spatial resolution in a liquid environment is of interest for a wide range of studies. Recently, a liquid flow transmission electron microscopy (TEM) holder equipped with a microfluidic cell has been developed and shown to exhibit flow of nanoparticles through an electron transparent viewing window. Here we demonstrate the application of the flow cell system for both scanning and conventional transmission electron microscopy imaging of immobilized nanoparticles with a resolution of a few nanometres in liquid water of micrometre thickness. The spatial resolution of conventional TEM bright field imaging is shown to be limited by chromatic aberration due to multiple inelastic scattering in the water, and we demonstrate that the liquid in the cell can be displaced by a gas phase that forms under intense electron irradiation. Our data suggest that under appropriate conditions, TEM imaging with a liquid flow cell is a promising method for understanding the in situ behaviour of nanoscale structures in a prescribed and dynamically changing chemical environment.
Automatic attendance management system using face detection

This paper is about the biometric attendance management. The automatic attendance management will replace the manual method, which takes a lot of time consuming and difficult to maintain. There are many biometric processes [10], in that face recognition is the best method. In this paper we are going to describe the attendance without human interference. In this method the camera is fixed in the classroom and it will capture the image, the faces are detected and then it is recognized with the database and finally the attendance is marked. If the attendance is marked as absent the message about the student's absent is send to their parents. There are various methods for comparing the faces. The Eigen face is the one of the method. Eigen faces is set of Eigen vectors which are used in computer vision problem of face recognition.
Energy-saving techniques for low-power graphics processing unit

This paper presents a graphics processing unit with energy-saving techniques. Several techniques and architectures are proposed to achieve high performance with low power consumption. First of all, low power core pipeline is designed with 2-issue VLIW architecture to reduce power consumption while achieving the processing capability of 400MFLOPS or 800MOPS. In addition, inter/intra adaptive mutli-threading scheme can increase the performance by increasing hardware utilization, and the proposed configurable memory array architecture can reduce off-chip memory accessing frequency by caching both input data and output results. Furthermore, for graphics applications, a geometry-content-aware technique called early-rejection-after-transformation is proposed to remove redundant operations for invisible triangles. As for circuit level power reduction, power-aware frequency scaling is proposed to further reduce the power consumption.
A Mouse Model for Slowly Progressive Primary Tuberculosis

The progression from primary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to disease is usually slow in humans. The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a mouse model for slowly progressive primary tuberculosis, using the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route of infection, and to compare it with our previously described model of latent M. tuberculosis infection. B6D2F1 hybrid mice inoculated with 1.5 × 106 colony‐forming units (CFUs) of M. tuberculosis H37Rv were followed‐up for 70 weeks. Lungs, livers and spleens were examined for bacillary growth, histopathological changes and mycobacterial antigens (MPT64, ManLAM and multiple antigens of M. tuberculosis), by immunohistochemical staining. The infection was found to pass through three distinctive phases. During phase 1, mice were healthy despite development of small granulomas and an increasing number of bacilli in the lungs. During phase 2, mice were unwell but mortality was low. The count of M. tuberculosis and the granuloma size stabilized. The granulomas contained an increasing population of large, vacuolated macrophages. During phase 3, mice became moribund and died rapidly, but the M. tuberculosis count remained relatively stable. The inflammatory infiltrates filled ≈ 80% of the lung parenchyma and the lesions were not well demarcated. Rapidly progressing inflammation, rather than an increase in the M. tuberculosis count, seems to contribute more to mortality.
Absolute and relative changes in carotid intima–media thickness and atherosclerotic plaques during long-term antihypertensive treatment: further results of the European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis (ELSA)

Background In ELSA, a randomized, double-blind trial in 2334 hypertensives, 4-year antihypertensive treatment with lacidipine slowed down progression of carotid atherosclerosis significantly more than atenolol treatment. To avoid bias, the primary outcome was measured blindly at study-end on a randomized sequence of scans, but measurements were limited to the four far walls of common carotids and bifurcations (CBMmax) and to one of each couple of duplicate scans recorded yearly. Objectives and methods Secondary outcomes included measurements made on all duplicate scans of both near and far walls, not only of common carotids and bifurcations, but also of internal carotids (12 walls). These measurements were made blindly during the 4-year study, shortly after recording. To avoid possible readers’ drift or bias, 250 duplicate baseline scans were re-read at yearly intervals (longitudinal on-line quality control) and a correction factor calculated. Results Measurements during the 4-year study showed a trend toward decreased values, with the lacidipine effect significantly greater than the atenolol one. A trend toward lower values was also observed in the longitudinal quality control of baseline scans. After applying a correction factor calculated from this longitudinal control, all measurements no longer decreased with time, but significantly increased, with progression being significantly smaller in lacidipine than in atenolol patients. Corrected values were quite similar to those calculated on measurements carried out at study-end. Conclusion The relative benefit of lacidipine over atenolol could be measured precisely by reading scans either during the study or at study-end. However, absolute treatment-related changes (progression versus regression) cannot safely be judged by readings made during a long-term study, unless a longitudinal quality control of readings is performed.
Impact of Intra-Aortic Balloon Counterpulsation on Prognosis of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis.

Background This study aimed to evaluate the impact of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) on the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods We identified and included in this study AMI cases treated with IABP from January 1970 to May 2014. For statistical analysis, we utilized RevMan 5.0 software. Results Fourteen RCTs with a total population of 2538 were included in this study. The in-hospital and 30-day mortality rate in the IABP group was not significantly lower than those in the non-IABP group. Subgroup analysis according to the type of revascularization, OR values of TT subgroup, PCI subgroup, and CABG subgroup were 0.64 (95% CI 0.25-1.61, p = 0.34), 0.85 (95% CI 0.65-1.11, p = 0.23) and 0.46 (95% CI 0.13-1.63, p = 0.23). And OR values of AMI patients in the before and after PCI subgroup were 0.43 (95% CI 0.21-0.91, p = 0.03) and 1.36 (95% CI 0.76-2.41, p = 0.30). The 6-month mortality in the IABP group was not significantly lower than that in the non-IABP group. And OR values of 6-month mortalities of the before and after PCI subgroup were 0.47 (95% CI 0.26-0.86, p = 0.01) and 1.40 (95% CI 0.57-3.45, p = 0.47). Conclusions IABP did not reduce the in-hospital and 30-day mortality of AMI patients, and did not reduce the 6-month mortality. But IABP used in AMI patients before PCI was associated not only with reduced in-hospital and 30-day mortality, but also reduced 6-month mortality.
Oxidative stress and the endothelium

Oxidative stress plays a major role in cardiovascular disease. Despite the widespread acceptance of this view, it remains a challenge to establish the importance of this link in specific disease states because of the numerous pro-oxidant substances and also the many endogenous antioxidant systems that contribute to the imbalance that we term 'oxidative stress'. It seems that the vascular endothelium is particularly sensitive to oxidative stress, and this is one of the mechanisms that results in widespread endothelial dysfunction in most cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, when the endothelium becomes diseased it is itself a source of oxidative stress; however, other components of the vasculature, such as the adventitia, are also important sources of oxidative stress. The symposium Oxidative stress and the endothelium at Life Sciences Meeting, Glasgow, Thursday 12th July 2007 aimed to bring together important new data and concepts that are contributing to the rapid advances in our understanding of this area. Mark Kearney spoke on Insulin resistance and endothelial cell dysfunction, Patrick Pagano spoke on The adventitial fibroblast NAD(P)H oxidase as a paracrine mediator of vascular hypertrophy: signal for vascular disease? , James Lieper spoke on Disruption of methylarginine metabolism impairs vascular homeostasis, and David Newby spoke on Endothelial dysfunction and atherothrombosis.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and Cancer Therapy

Abstract Cancer drug development has moved from conventional cytotoxic chemotherapeutics to a more mechanism-based targeted approach towards the common goal of tumour growth arrest. The rapid progress in chromatin research and understanding epigenetic control has supplied a plethora of potential targets for intervention in cancer. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been widely implicated in growth and transcriptional control, and inhibition of HDAC activity using small molecules causes apoptosis in tumour cells. Here, we review HDAC inhibitors, together with their current status of clinical development and potential utility in cancer therapy.
A flexible two-section transmission-line transformer design approach for complex source and real load impedances

In this letter, a flexible two-section transmission-line transformer with single-band operation is introduced to transform complex source impedance to real load impedance. Two characteristic impedances and their electrical lengths of two-section transmission-lines are derived in closed form. From the newly derived design equations, once the complex source impedance and real load impedance are determined, two characteristic impedances of two-section transmission-lines can be selected arbitrary, then their electrical lengths are calculated automatically. Several simulated examples show that: by using the proposed design equations, there are different group of design parameters for a given condition, the circuit size could be much more compact than those in the previous work, meanwhile, 20 dB bandwidth can be maintained, and harmonic suppression could also be improved. Experimental circuit shows that: circuit size is shrunk to 38.6%, and its harmonic suppression has been improved over 15 dB.
Strategies to optimize siRNA delivery to hepatocellular carcinoma cells

ABSTRACT Introduction: hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is the predominant form of primary liver cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. available therapies for hcc have limited efficacy due to often late diagnosis and the general resistance of hcc to anti-cancer agents; therefore, the development of novel therapeutics is urgently required. small-interfering rna (sirna) molecules are short, double-stranded rnas that specifically recognize and bind the mrna of a target gene to inhibit gene expression. despite the great therapeutic potential of sirnas towards many human tumors including hcc, their use is limited by suboptimal delivery. Areas covered: In this review, we outline the current data regarding the therapeutic potential of siRNAs in HCC and describe the development of effective siRNA delivery systems. We detail the key problems associated with siRNA delivery and discuss the possible solutions. Finally, we provide examples of the various siRNA delivery strategies that have been employed in animal models of HCC and in human patients enrolled in clinical trials. Expert opinion: Despite the existing difficulties in siRNA delivery for HCC, the increasing scientific attention and breakthrough studies in this field is facilitating the design of novel and efficient technical solutions that may soon find practical applications.
MLP Neural Network Based Approach for Facial Expression Analysis

Human Facial Expression Recognition and Analysis has been an active topic in computer science for over two decades. In recent years, several different approaches have been proposed for developing methods of automatic facial expression analysis. However there are numerous researches on facial image analysis, the performance of expression recognition is still not acceptable due to the variety of human expression and enormous variations in facial images. In this paper an improved method for facial expression analysis by multilayer perceptron (MLP) is presented. The proposed method combines modified facial action units for emotion recognition by MLP. The system also applies principle component analysis for dimension reduction. To evaluate, the proposed approach is tested on two databases which are, the Cohn-Kanade facial expression and the facial expression recognition FER-13 databases. Method has compared to the related works and experimental results clearly demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF POPULAR THEMES AND SEXUALITY IN RAP AND REGGAE MUSIC By ANNIKA YVETTE WHITE A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN SOCIOLOGY

by Annika Yvette White, M.A. Washington State University August 2010 Chair: Scott Frickel The discourse surrounding the destructive nature of rap and reggae music has persisted throughout academic literature and the media. Yet, homophobia in music is often ignored in the discourse and in sociological studies, specifically. Are the homophobic messages contained in the songs of some reggae or rap artists representative of these genres? And, given that homophobia is not a theme that generates much attention in scholarly criticism of rap music, is reggae more homophobic than rap? Do the frames used in the discussion of reggae and rap in the media and academic discourse accurately reflect the lyrical content of popular songs? Furthermore, since both rap and reggae have been accused of being explicit, are the genres more explicit or implicit? These questions are explored by using data from Billboard’s Year-End Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and Top Reggae Albums, between the years 1993 and 2008. Drawing on Binder‟s (1993) argument about how media frames shape popular perceptions of music, I used content analysis to analyze a sample of 540 songs for several themes. Contrary to critical discourse surrounding these music genres, results of this study show that homophobia is the least prevalent theme in reggae and one of the least prevalent themes in rap. While reggae artists might not be as explicit as rap artists, several themes supported the hypothesis that their songs
Autoreactive T and B cells responding to myelin proteolipid protein in multiple sclerosis and controls

The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) could involve an autoimmune response to proteolipid protein (PLP). Immunization of experimental animals with this major myelin protein can lead to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. To identify a possible role of PLP as target antigen in MS, we evaluated T celi immunity to PLP in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with MS and controls by counting cells which in response to PLP in short‐term cultures secreted interferon‐γ. The PLP‐specific B cell response was analyzed by counting cells secreting anti‐PLP antibodies. PLP‐reactive T cells were detected in blood of most MS patients (mean value 1 per 20408 mononuclear cells), and at 41‐fold higher numbers in CSF (mean 1 per 500 CSF cells). Anti‐PLP IgG antibody‐secreting cells were detected in blood from most MS patients (mean 1 per 30303 cells), but such cells were 49‐fold more frequent in CSF (mean 1 per 625 cells). PLP‐reactive T and B cells were also detected in blood and CSF from control patients, but at much lower numbers. A strong and persistent autoimmune response to PLP as well as to other myelin proteins, enriched in CSF, is proposed to be pathogenetically important in MS.
The Colors of Emotions in Machiguenga

1973 General Principles of Classification and Nomenclature in Folk Biology. American Anthropologist 75:214-242. Buchholtz, Charles H. , and Susan C. Weller 1985 4M: A Pascal Program for Min, Max, Mean, and Median Hierarchical Clustering. University of Pennsylvania. (unpublished.) D'Andrade, Roy G. 1978 U-Statistic Hierarchical Clustering. Psychometrika 43(1):59-67. D'Andrade, Roy G. , Naomi Quinn, Sara Beth Nerlove, and A. Kimball Romney 1972 Categories of Disease in AmericanEnglish and Mexican-Spanish. In Multidimensional Scaling: Theory and Applications in the Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 2. A. K. Romney, R. N. Shepard, and S. B. Nerlove, eds. New York: Seminar Press. Dyen, Isidore 1962 The Lexicostatistically Determined Relationship of a Language Group. International Journal of American Linguistics 28(2):153-161. Frake, Charles O. 1961 The Diagnosis of Disease Among the Subanun of Mindanao. American An-
Title : From raw materials to validated system : The construction of a genomic library and 1 microarray to interpret systemic perturbations in Northern bobwhite 2 3

1 microarray to interpret systemic perturbations in Northern bobwhite 2 3 Authors: Arun Rawat, Kurt A. Gust*, Youping Deng, Natàlia Garcia-Reyero, Michael J. 4 Quinn Jr., Mark S. Johnson, Karl Indest, Mohamed O. Elasri and Edward J. Perkins 5 6 7 Author Affiliations: 8 1 University of Southern Mississippi, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Hattiesburg 9 2 U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, EP-P, 10 Vicksburg, MS 39180 11 SpecPro Inc. Environmental Laboratory, EP-P, Vicksburg, MS 39180 12 Jackson State University, Dept. of Chemistry, Jackson, MS 39216 13 5 U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventative Medicine, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 14 MD 21010 15 16 17 18 * Corresponding Author 19 Office: 601-634-3593 20 Fax: (601) 634-4002 21 kurt.a. gust@usace.army. mil 22 23 24 25 Articles in PresS. Physiol Genomics (April 20, 2010). doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00022. 2010
Dosage du plomb et du cadmium dans le sperme des sujets consultant pour infertilité masculine dans la ville de Cotonou

La diminution de la concentration des parametres d’appreciation du sperme a souleve le probleme de la fertilite des hommes. La pollution de l’environnement est incriminee en grande partie dans cette infertilite. Dans la ville de Cotonou (BENIN), nous avons recherche au cours de la presente etude les effets du plomb et du cadmium sur la fertilite masculine. Ces metaux lourds toxiques n’ont aucune utilite pour l’organisme et perturbent le systeme de reproduction entrainant une infertilite du couple. Dans le cadre de cette etude, nous avons etudie en deux phases le sperme de 27 sujets qui souffrent d’une infertilite masculine dans la ville de Cotonou. La premiere phase a consiste a faire le bilan de l’infertilite masculine sur le sperme des 27 sujets qui ont fait l’objet de notre etude. Quant a la seconde phase, nous avons dose par Spectrophotometrie d’Absorption Atomique le plomb et le cadmium dans 10 echantillons de sperme de volume superieur a 2 g. Les resultats ont montre que 7 des 10 echantillons de sperme ont accumule le cadmium a des concentrations differentes. Par contre, les teneurs en plomb des echantillons de sperme etaient inferieures a la limite de detection de l’appareil pour le plomb. Mais aucune relation significative n’a pu etre demontree entre les teneurs en cadmium et les anomalies observees. Toutefois, on peut soupconner que la presence de cadmium dans le sperme, meme a un taux infirme, serait responsable des Anomalies observees. Mots cles : Fertilite, Plomb, Cadmium, Spermatozoides
Neighborhood Disorder, Subjective Alienation, and Distress∗

Living in a threatening, noxious, and dangerous neighborhood may produce anxiety, anger, and depression because it is subjectively alienating. We hypothesize that neighborhood disorder represents ambient threat that elicits perceptions of powerlessness, normlessness, mistrust, and isolation. These perceptions in turn lead to anxious and angry agitation, and depressed exhaustion. We use data from the 1995 Community, Crime, and Health survey, a probability sample of 2,482 adults in Illinois, with a follow-up survey in 1998. We find that perceived neighborhood disorder is associated with high levels of anxiety, anger, and depression. Personal victimization mediates about 10 percent of the association. The rest of the association is mediated primarily by mistrust and, secondarily, by perceived powerlessness. Normlessness reflects neighborhood disorder, but it appears to have little influence on distress. Social isolation has trade-offs in its connections to neighborhood disorder and to distress.
Anti-DLL4 Has Broad Spectrum Activity in Pancreatic Cancer Dependent on Targeting DLL4-Notch Signaling in Both Tumor and Vasculature Cells

Purpose: We previously showed that targeting Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) in colon and breast tumors inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor initiating cell frequency. In this report, we have extended these studies to pancreatic cancer and probed the mechanism of action in tumor and stromal cells involved in antitumor efficacy. Experimental Design: Patient-derived pancreatic xenograft tumor models were used to evaluate the antitumor effect of anti-DLL4. To investigate the mechanism of action, we compared the activity of targeting DLL4 in tumor cells with an anti-human DLL4 antibody (anti-hDLL4) and in the host stroma/vasculature with an anti-mouse DLL4 antibody (anti-mDLL4). The effect of these antibodies on cancer stem cell frequency was examined by in vivo limiting dilution assays. Results: The combination of anti-hDLL4 and anti-mDLL4 was efficacious in a broad spectrum of pancreatic tumor xenografts and showed additive antitumor activity together with gemcitabine. Treatment with either anti-hDLL4 or anti-mDLL4 delayed pancreatic tumor recurrence following termination of gemcitabine treatment, and the two together produced an additive effect. Anti-hDLL4 had a pronounced effect in reducing the tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer cells based on serial transplantation and tumorsphere assays. In contrast, disruption of tumor angiogenesis with anti-mDLL4 alone or with anti-VEGF had minimal effects on tumorigenicity. Gene expression analyses indicated that anti-DLL4 treatment regulated genes that participate in Notch signaling, pancreatic differentiation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a novel therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer treatment through antagonism of DLL4/Notch signaling. Clin Cancer Res; 18(19); 5374–86. ©2012 AACR.