Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antiplatelet Resistance in Patients with Atherosclerosis

Abstract Variable platelet response to aspirin and clopidogrel is a well-known phenomenon in patients with coronary artery disease and ischemic cerebral stroke. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the frequency and possible risk factors of antiplatelet resistance in patients with cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. The VerifyNow system was used to evaluate adenosine-5-diphosphate and platelet P2YI2 receptor function in patients with cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease, who received dual antiplatelet therapy. Aspirin resistance was defined as aspirin reaction units (ARU) ≥ 550. Clopidogrel resistance was defined as Platelet Reaction Units (PRU) > 230. In the group of cerebrovascular diseases there were 13.2% (n = 27) patients with aspirin and 24.5% (n = 50) with clopidogrel resistance. However, in the cardiovascular group there were 20% (n = 9) aspirin and 11.1% (n = 5) clopidogrel resistant patients. In the cerebrovascular group, aspirin resistant patients had a lower triglyceride level (p = 0.001, r = 0.26) than aspirin sensitive patients. Clopidogrel resistant patients had a significantly higher level of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) (p = 0.016, r = 023), triglycerides (p = 0.033, r = 0.16) and lower level of high-density lipoproteins (p = 0.027, r = 0.16) than clopidogrel sensitive patients. In the cardiovascular group, patients who were resistant to aspirin had a significantly higher high-density lipoprotein level (p = 0.038, r = 0.31). No other factors differed significantly between the aspirin or clopidogrel resistant and sensitive patients in the cardiovascular group. Aspirin resistance was more common in patients with cardiovascular disease, and clopidogrel resistance in patients with cerebrovascular disease, although the difference was not significant. Our findings indicate that diabetes mellitus and an elevated level of lipoproteins could be risk factors for aspirin or clopidogrel resistance in patients with cerebrovascular diseases. Further studies should be conducted using larger patient cohorts with balanced groups of patients to investigate clinical aspects of antiplatelet resistance.
Changes in Lower-Limb Biomechanics, Soft Tissue Vibrations, and Muscle Activation During Unanticipated Bipedal Landings

Abstract We aimed to explore the biomechanical differences between the anticipated drop jump and unanticipated drop landing. Twelve male collegiate basketball players completed an anticipated drop jump and unanticipated drop landing with double legs from a height of 30 cm. Kinematics, impact force, soft tissue vibrations, and electromyographic (EMG) amplitudes of the dominant leg were collected simultaneously. The anticipated drop jump showed more flexed lower limbs during landing and increased range of motion compared to the unanticipated drop landing. The anticipated drop jump also had lower impact force, lesser soft tissue vibration, and a greater damp coefficient at the thigh muscles compared with the unanticipated drop landing. Significant increases in the EMG amplitudes of the tibialis anterior, lateral gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, and biceps femoris were observed in the anticipated drop jump during the pre/post-activation and downward phases. The anticipated drop jump presented more optimized landing posture control with more joint flexion, lower impact force, less soft tissue vibrations, and full preparation of muscle activations compared with the unanticipated drop landing.
Characterizing Processors for Time and Energy Optimization

Moore’s law [40] states that the number of transistors that can be most economically placed on an integrated circuit will double approximately every two years. The law has often been subjected to the following criticism: while it boldly states the blessing of technology scaling, it fails to expose its bane. A direct consequence of Moore’s law is that ”the power density of the integrated circuit increases exponentially with every technology generation” [45]. This implicit trend has arguably brought about some of the most important changes in electronic and computer designs. In the next two decades, diminishing transistor size, speed scaling and practical energy limit will create new challenges for continued performance scaling. As a result, the frequency of operations will increase slowly, with energy being the key limiter of performance, forcing designs to use large-scale parallelism, heterogeneous cores, and accelerators to achieve performance and energy efficiency. Energy and performance are important aspects of microprocessors and their verification and management require, measurement, estimation and analysis, and these aspects are discussed through this research. A processor executes a computing job in a certain number of clock cycles. The clock frequency determines the time that the job will take. Another parameter, cycle efficiency or cycles per joule, determines how much energy the job will consume. The execution time measures performance and, in combination with energy dissipation, influences power, thermal behavior, power supply noise and battery life. We describe a method for power management of a processor. To show management of performance and energy, we study several Intel processors from 45 nm, 32 nm and 22 nm technology nodes for both thermal design power (TDP) and peak power. They are characterized for two different predictive technology models: Bulk CMOS and High-K metal Gate, which are available for
Association among endometrial hyperemia, uterine bacterial infection, and characteristics of large ovarian follicles in dairy cows

We investigated the association among endometrial hyperemia, uterine bacterial infection, and features of the large ovarian follicles in dairy cows. Genital organs were collected in a complete set at a slaughterhouse, and the degree of endometrial hyperemia was examined for the direct evaluation of uterine inflammation. The rate of bacterial infection in the uterus was higher in cows with endometrial hyperemia regardless of the severity of hyperemia, compared with cows without hyperemia. Moreover, the characteristics of the follicular fluid were changed in cows with uterine bacterial infection and included high concentrations of lipopolysaccharide and malondialdehyde (lipid peroxidation marker). These findings can be utilized as the basic information for the direct evaluation of the uterine inflammatory status in dairy cows.
The molecular genetic make-up of male breast cancer.

Male breast cancer (MBC) is extremely rare and accounts for less than 1% of all breast malignancies. Therefore, clinical management of MBC is currently guided by research on the disease in females. In this study, DNA obtained from 45 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) MBCs with and 90 MBCs (52 FFPE and 38 fresh-frozen) without matched normal tissues was subjected to massively parallel sequencing targeting all exons of 1943 cancer-related genes. The landscape of mutations and copy number alterations was compared to that of publicly available estrogen receptor (ER)-positive female breast cancers (smFBCs) and correlated to prognosis. From the 135 MBCs, 90% showed ductal histology, 96% were ER-positive, 66% were progesterone receptor (PR)-positive, and 2% HER2-positive, resulting in 50%, 46% and 4% luminal A-like, luminal B-like and basal-like cases, respectively. Five patients had Klinefelter syndrome (4%) and 11% of patients harbored pathogenic BRCA2 germline mutations. The genomic landscape of MBC to some extent recapitulated that of smFBC, with recurrent PIK3CA (36%) and GATA3 (15%) somatic mutations, and with 40% of the most frequently amplified genes overlapping between both sexes. TP53 (3%) somatic mutations were significantly less frequent in MBC compared to smFBC whereas somatic mutations in genes regulating chromatin function and homologous recombination deficiency-related signatures were more prevalent. MDM2 amplifications were frequent (11%), correlated with protein overexpression (p=0.001) and predicted poor outcome (p=0.007). In conclusion, despite similarities in the genomic landscape between MBC and smFBC, MBC is a molecularly unique and heterogeneous disease requiring its own clinical trials and treatment guidelines.
Early repolarization and echocardiography: Some aspects to consider

We have read with great interest the article recently published in ANE by Reinhard et al. (2018). The authors evaluate the prevalence of the pattern of early repolarization (ER), as well as investigate echocardiographic characteristics and cardiopulmonary capacity in exercise. The authors find a clear association between the pattern of ER with notches and left atrial (LA) enlargement, increased left ventric‐ ular mass, and increased cardiac volume. However, there are several aspects that should have been taken into account that may have in‐ fluenced the results of this study. The authors do not reflect in the method section in which low‐ pass filter cutoff point was used. We nowadays know that the J wave is remarkably affected by the low‐pass filter cutoff point used. It is common to use a low‐pass filter cutoff point below the recommended standard in order to "make up" and obtain an arti‐ fact‐free ECG. However, this can affect the cardiac signal in such a way that the QRS with notching would be transformed into QRS slurring by an excess of filtering (Figure 1). This will depend not only on the cutoff point used but also on the amplitude and duration of the J wave (García‐Niebla et al., 2009) (Nakagawa et al., 2014). The authors conclude that the presence of ER in elite athletes is not associated with distinct functional or structural echocardio‐ graphic changes or a typical pattern in exercise cardiopulmonary capacity. However, from a structural point of view we miss the de‐ scription of the presence or absence of false tendon in this study. These fibromuscular structures are found with certain frequency during the echocardiogram and during postmortem studies (Philip, Cherian, Wu, & Lue, 2011). Although they have been considered as a normal variant, some studies have linked it to the presence of both sustained and unsustained ventricular arrhythmias (Badhwar & Scheinman, 2007). Nakagama et al. found a frequent associa‐ tion in patients with type 1 and 2 false tendon and the presence of J waves (Nakagawa et al., 2012). Liu et al., 2015 also found a strong association between ER and the presence of false trans‐ verse tendon. On the other hand, the authors use the LA diameter to evaluate the dilatation of this chamber. However, it is important to bear in mind that the LA is an asymmetric cavity; its actual size is more accurately reflected by the volume derived by 2D echo‐ cardiography than by the linear dimension. In addition, when the LA increases in size and is remodeled, it does not grow equally in all directions, so the linear dimension should not be used as a single measure of its size (Lang et al., 2015). The LA volume should always be indexed by body surface, more strongly associated with cardiovascular events in cardiac patients (Tsang et al., 2003).
pH dependence of chlorophyll states, protein structures and function of the PSII membranes

The effect of varying pH on the photosystem II (PSII) membrane was studi ed using absorption and steady-state fluorescerce spectroscopy, and using a variable fluorescence technique. pH vari ati ons induced signi ficant changes in tbe chlorq>hyll states of tbe PSII merrbrane, but no effect was seen 01 the chiorophyll fluorescence parameter F:IF~. For acidic pHconditions, protein stn.ctures of the PSII rrembrane were slightly altered, whil st at alkali ne pH levels, large changes in the protei n structure of the PSII merrbrane were detected. The results indicate that tbe microenvi roorrent around Cys in tbe PSII merrbrane is very susceptible to aIkaline pH condi tims, and that in tbe acid (4 ::s; pH 7) regions, pH variation has no effect on tbe protein structures of the PSII reacti 01 center (RC).
Preeclampsia: a gestational cardiorenal syndrome

It is generally accepted today that there are two different types of preeclampsia: an early‐onset or placental type and a late‐onset or maternal type. In the latent phase, the first one presents with a low output/high resistance circulation eventually leading in the late second or early third trimester to an intense and acutely aggravating systemic disorder with an important impact on maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity; the other type presents initially as a high volume/low resistance circulation, gradually evolving to a state of circulatory decompensation usually in the later stages of pregnancy, with a less severe impact on maternal and neonatal outcome. For both processes, numerous dysfunctions of the heart, kidneys, arteries, veins and interconnecting systems are reported, most of them presenting earlier and more severely in early‐ than in late‐onset preeclampsia; however, some very specific dysfunctions exist for either type. Experimental, clinical and epidemiological observations before, during and after pregnancy are consistent with gestation‐induced worsening of subclinical pre‐existing chronic cardiovascular dysfunction in early‐onset preeclampsia, and thus sharing the pathophysiology of cardiorenal syndrome type II, and with acute volume overload decompensation of the maternal circulation in late‐onset preeclampsia, thus sharing the pathophysiology of cardiorenal syndrome type 1. Cardiorenal syndrome type V is consistent with the process of preeclampsia superimposed upon clinical cardiovascular and/or renal disease, alone or as part of a systemic disorder. This review focuses on the specific differences in haemodynamic dysfunctions between the two types of preeclampsia, with special emphasis on the interorgan interactions between heart and kidneys, introducing the theoretical concept that the pathophysiological processes of preeclampsia can be regarded as the gestational manifestations of cardiorenal syndromes.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and related disorders: an evolving landscape.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease and related disorders are the commonest group of inherited neuromuscular diseases and represent a heterogeneous group of disorders. This review will cover recent advances in genetic diagnosis and the evolving genetic and phenotype landscape of this disease group. We will review recent evidence of the increasingly recognized phenotypic overlap with other neurodegenerative conditions including hereditary spastic paraplegia, hereditary ataxias and mitochondrial diseases and highlight the importance of deep phenotyping to inform genetic diagnosis and prognosis. RECENT FINDINGS Through whole exome sequencing and multicentre collaboration new genes are being identified as causal for CMT expanding the genetic heterogeneity of this condition. In addition, an increasing number of variants have been identified in genes known to cause complex inherited diseases in which the peripheral neuropathy is part of the disorder and may be the presenting feature. The recent discovery of a repeat expansion in the RFC1 gene in cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, vestibular areflexia syndrome highlights the prevalence of late-onset recessive conditions which have historically been considered to cause early-onset disease. SUMMARY CMT is an evolving field with considerable phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity and deep phenotyping remains a cornerstone in contemporary CMT diagnostics.
Neutrophil-Extracellular Traps, Cell-Free DNA, and Immunothrombosis in Companion Animals: A Review

Immunothrombosis is a potentially beneficial physiological process that aids innate immunity and host defense against pathogen invasion. However, this process can also be damaging when it occurs to excess or in critical blood vessels. Formation of extracellular traps by leukocytes, particularly neutrophils, is central to our understanding of immunothrombosis. In addition to degranulation and phagocytosis, extracellular traps are the third mechanism by which neutrophils combat potential pathogens. These traps consist of extracellular DNA decorated with bactericidal cellular proteins, including elastase, myeloperoxidase, and cathepsins. Neutrophils can release these structures as part of a controlled cell-death process or via a process termed vital NETosis that enables the cells to extrude DNA but remain viable. There is accumulating evidence that NETosis occurs in companion animals, including dogs, horses, and cats, and that it actively contributes to pathogenesis. Numerous studies have been published detailing various methods for identification and quantification of extracellular trap formation, including cell-free DNA, measurements of histones and proteins such as high-mobility group box–1, and techniques involving microscopy and flow cytometry. Here, we outline the present understanding of these phenomena and the mechanisms of extracellular trap formation. We critically review the data regarding measurement of NETosis in companion animals, summarize the existing literature on NETosis in veterinary species, and speculate on what therapeutic options these insights might present to clinicians in the future.
Transsynaptic Fish-lips signaling prevents misconnections between nonsynaptic partner olfactory neurons

Significance In the fruit fly olfactory system, 50 classes of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) make precise synaptic connections with 50 classes of partner projection neurons (PNs). Identification of wiring molecules here can provide general insight into how neural circuits are assembled during development. This paper reports Fish-lips (Fili), a protein spanning the cell membrane, that regulates specific connections in this circuit. We found that some ORN axons are repelled by Fili present on dendrites of nonpartner PNs, preventing them from targeting inappropriate glomeruli. Similarly, some PN dendrites are repelled by Fili expressed by nonpartner ORNs for their correct targeting. These results suggest that Fili mediates repulsion between axons and dendrites of nonsynaptic partners to ensure precise wiring patterns. Our understanding of the mechanisms of neural circuit assembly is far from complete. Identification of wiring molecules with novel mechanisms of action will provide insights into how complex and heterogeneous neural circuits assemble during development. In the Drosophila olfactory system, 50 classes of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) make precise synaptic connections with 50 classes of partner projection neurons (PNs). Here, we performed an RNA interference screen for cell surface molecules and identified the leucine-rich repeat–containing transmembrane protein known as Fish-lips (Fili) as a novel wiring molecule in the assembly of the Drosophila olfactory circuit. Fili contributes to the precise axon and dendrite targeting of a small subset of ORN and PN classes, respectively. Cell-type–specific expression and genetic analyses suggest that Fili sends a transsynaptic repulsive signal to neurites of nonpartner classes that prevents their targeting to inappropriate glomeruli in the antennal lobe.
The role of epigenetic changes in preeclampsia

Preeclampsia (PE) is a disorder affecting 2–10% of pregnancies and has a major role for perinatal and maternal mortality and morbidity. PE can be occurred by initiation of new hypertension combined with proteinuria after 20 weeks gestation, as well as various reasons such as inflammatory cytokines, poor trophoblast invasion can be related with PE disease. Environmental factors can cause epigenetic changes including DNA methylation, microRNAs (miRNAs), and histone modification that may be related to different diseases such as PE. Abnormal DNA methylation during placentation is the most important epigenetic factor correlated with PE. Moreover, changes in histone modification like acetylation and also the effect of overregulation or low regulation of miRNAs or long noncoding RNAs on variety signaling pathways can be resulted in PE. The aim of this review is to describe of studies about epigenetic changes in PE and its therapeutic strategies.
Association of Nrf2, SOD2 and GPX1 Polymorphisms with Biomarkers of Oxidative Distress and Survival in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients

The oxidative stress response via Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) interlinks inflammation- and metabolism-related pathways in chronic kidney disease. We assessed the association between polymorphisms in Nrf2, superoxide dismutase (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase (GPX1), and the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The modifying effect of these polymorphisms on both oxidative phenotype and ESRD prognosis, both independently and/or in combination with the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) deletion polymorphism, was further analyzed. Polymorphisms in Nrf2 (rs6721961), SOD2 (rs4880), GPX1 (rs1050450), and GSTM1 were determined by PCR in 256 ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis and 374 controls. Byproducts of oxidative stress were analyzed spectrophotometically or by ELISA. Time-to-event modeling was performed to evaluate overall survival and cardiovascular survival. The SOD2 Val/Val genotype increased ESRD risk (OR = 2.01, p = 0.002), which was even higher in combination with the GPX1 Leu/Leu genotype (OR = 3.27, p = 0.019). Polymorphism in SOD2 also showed an effect on oxidative phenotypes. Overall survival in ESRD patients was dependent on a combination of the Nrf2 (C/C) and GPX1 (Leu/Leu) genotypes in addition to a patients’ age and GSTM1 polymorphism. Similarly, the GPX1 (Leu/Leu) genotype contributed to longer cardiovascular survival. Conclusions: Our results show that SOD2, GPX1, and Nrf2 polymorphisms are associated with ESRD development and can predict survival.
A Study of Using Picture Associate English Vocabulary Learning with Physical Activity

การวจยนมจดมงหมายเพอตรวจสอบผลของการเรยนรคำศพทภาษาองกฤษดวยวธการเชอมโยงคำศพทกบรปภาพในขณะททำกจกรรมเคลอนไหวรางกายของนกศกษาสองภาษาชาวจนกลมตวอยางเปนนกศกษาระดบปรญญาตรจำนวน 40 คน (อาย 18-24 ป) กำลงศกษาอยท Dali University สาธารณรฐประชาชนจนในปการศกษา 2013 กลมตวอยางถกแบงออกเปนสองกลมใหมความเทาเทยมกนในดานความสามารถทางภาษาองกฤษและความสมบรณของรางกายกลมทดลองไดรบการเรยนรคำศพทภาษาองกฤษขณะทำกจกรรมเคลอนไหวทางกายสวนกลมควบคมไดรบการเรยนรคำศพทภาษาองกฤษโดยนงอยกบทการทดลองประกอบดวยการเรยนรคำศพทภาษาองกฤษและการทดสอบภายหลงการเรยนรรวม 8 สปดาหสปดาหละ 1 ครงกลมทดลองไดรบการทดสอบระยะตดตามผลคอหลงการทดลองเสรจสนแลว 1 เดอนเกบรวบรวมขอมลโดยวดระยะเวลาการตอบสนองและคะแนนความถกตองของการทำแบบทดสอบword pictureverification task วเคราะหขอมลดวย t-test ผลการวจยแสดงใหเหนวานกศกษาสองภาษาชาวจนทเรยนรคำศพทภาษาองกฤษดวยวธการเชอมโยงคำศพทกบรปภาพขณะทำกจกรรมการเคลอนไหวรางกายมผลการเรยนรดกวากลมควบคมทเรยนรขณะนงอยกบทผลการเรยนรของกลมทดลองยงคงทนไปถงระยะตดตามผลชใหเหนวาการทำกจกรรมเคลอนไหวรางกายขณะเรยนรคำศพทไดผลดและคงทน The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on English vocabulary learning by late Chinese -English bilingual students using the picture-association method while performing physical activity.Participants were 40 undergraduate students (18-24 years old) enrolled at Dali University in the 2013academic year. Both the English proficiency level and the fitness level were determined in order to obtaintwo comparable groups of participants, the experimental group being requested to perform a physical activityduring learning while the control group was in a stationary condition during learning. There were 8 sessions of the English lexical learning and testing in total, once per week. In addition, there was a follow up test for theexperimental group one month after the 8th session, without intervening learning trials. Response times andaccuracy rates were recorded for each task. An independent samples t -test was performed for data analysis. The preliminary results showed that the Chinese-English bilingual learner using the picture for theEnglish learning method with physical activity performed better in the Word-Picture Verification Task. Thebetter performance of the experimental group also emerged in the follow up test. This indicates that the effectsof the physical activity on vocabulary learning are not only short-lasting but also long-lasting.