Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Economics of Dual-Purpose Breeds – a comparison of meat and egg production using dual purpose breeds versus conventional broiler and layer strains

Introduction The use of dual purpose breeds was common practice in conventional poultry production until the 1960s. However the genetically determined antagonism between growth rate and reproduction has led to the differentiation of special breeds for meat and egg production (figure 1). While in meat type birds both, males in females are being used, the males of layer lines are killed at day-old and processed as feed for pet and zoo animals. There are ethical and legal reservations against this practice and solutions are thought to solve the problem.
Family Practice and Palliative Care

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) management requires not only continuous medical care but also risk reduction strategies to prevent complications. Improving patients’ knowledge and awareness about DM and diabetes-related complications (DRC) is crucial for the management of DM. Increased awareness about DM and DRC, which leads to an eagerness to follow-up diet plans, and lifestyle modifications would help us to establish patient-specific goals. In this study, we would like to determine the awareness levels of diabetic patients about DM, DM management and DRC. Methods: Total of 300 adult patients (179 female, 121 male) with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) were included in this study. The data was collected through a survey based on face-to-face interviews. Total Survey score (TSP) for each participant was calculated by taking 1 point for each correct answer and TSP interval was evaluated between 0-24 points. Results: The score of women was higher than that of men (14.72±3.14 vs. 13.07±3.30, p <0.001). Patients who did not work were more aware (14.53±3.22 vs. 13.64±3.31, p = 0.019). No significant difference in terms of awareness was observed between low educated and high-educated participants. Patients who had insulin in their treatment combination, anti-hypertensive, and lipid-lowering drug user had significantly higher TSP scores. A significant correlation was observed in BMI, HC, DBP, and age of Diabetes with awareness. Conclusions: The mean awareness score of the patients who participated in our study was 14 points. Since the maximum score that can be obtained at the highest awareness level is 24, the awareness level of our patients can be evaluated as 58%. Considering the morbidity, mortality and economic costs associated with diabetes, it can be said that more attention should be paid to patient education in order to achieve higher treatment success.
www.econstor.eu Spatial Competition and Transport Infrastructure: The Case of Moscow Office Rental Market∗

This paper studies the geography of competition on Moscow commercial real estate market. We estimate the elasticity of office rental price to the prices of competing objects as a function of the geographical distance. We found that office real estate market in Moscow, although saturated, is surprisingly local. The evidence of price competition exists primarily at a walking distance, and dies down quickly at a distances beyond one kilometer. However, if competing objects are connected by a subway line, the geographical radius of competition extends to up to three kilometers. Thus, in the case of Moscow real estate transportation infrastructure works to integrate local markets and promote competition, although the magnitude of these effects are modest.
Oskar Norald Nyheim Solbraekke Cross-country differences in returns to capital in the oil and gas industry

Solbraekke, Oskar Norald Nyheim; Salgado, Pablo (Advisor); Bragança, Arthur (Co-advisor). Cross country differences in returns to capital in the oil and gas industry. Rio de Janeiro, 2018. 58p. Dissertação de Mestrado, Departamento de Economia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro. This thesis makes use of a unique and vast dataset of investment and production in the oil and gas industry from 1950 to 2016, to explore the Lucas Paradox and the drivers of returns to capital in the industry. Firstly, the thesis examines to what extent poor countries possess higher average returns to capital than rich countries. Secondly, it investigates whether the differences in returns between countries are correlated with institutional factors, variance and/or asymmetry in the returns. The results demonstrate that poorer countries have enjoyed significantly higher returns to capital than richer countries. Moreover, the findings show that institutional factors such as property rights protection, level of corruption and level of schooling possess a positive and statistically significant correlation with returns to capital. However, both these findings are not particularly economically significant. Variance and asymmetry of the returns appear to be an irrelevant explanation for the Lucas Paradox. On the other hand, asset-specific factors, that were, ex-ante, expected to be merely insignificant control variables, such as the size of the reservoir, or whether the asset is located onshore or offshore, have large R-squared impact on returns to capital. The findings in this thesis are important because the largely insignificant magnitude of country-specific variables highlight the importance of adapting economic development theory to account for sector-specific differences, as emphasized by Feyrer and Caselli (2008). Moreover, the results indicate that profit maximizing oil and gas companies considering new investments in a country should not be overly concerned with the GDP per capita nor the institutional quality of the country in question. Several potential explanations and paths for future studies are delineated.
Urban Mexican Children and their Intermedia/Transmediatic Cultural Habits Crianças Mexicanas Urbanas e seus Hábitos

The article examines elementary school children and their intermedia/transmedia cultural habits, from the perspective of the students who have grown up in a rapidly changing multimedia environment defined here as the complex ecosystem of texts and images that surrounds people and that flow through traditional media and all digital formats. How do children relate to it? The answer to this question is guided by the classic theory of Uses and Gratifications and the Intermedia/Transmedia approach that helps us to understand the new ecology of the media environment surrounding children. Data were collected in public and private schools in Mexico City. The results give us a snapshot of the interconnectedness of modern media and its centrality in the lives of children.
Appendix I : Après nous le déluge ? Direct democracy and intergenerational conflicts in aging societies 1

To assess the likely effects of population ageing on the outcomes of direct democracy, we analyze the effect of age on voting decisions in public referenda. To this end, we provide the first quantitative review of the literature and a case study of the Stuttgart 21 referendum on one of the largest infrastructure projects in Germany. The evidence suggests that intergenerational conflicts arising from population ageing will likely be limited to areas in which the net present value differs particularly strongly across generations, such as education and health spending, green energy, and major transport projects. In such instances, however, the effect can be quantitatively relevant, raising the question of whether, as population ageing progresses, decisions should be based on social costbenefit analyses, instead of referenda.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL BASED ON THE DYNAMICS OF A WHEELED SKID-STEERED UGV

Mobile robots using skid-steering technique are very popular for terrain navigation because of their robust mechanical structure and highly reliable mechanism. In order to ensure safe operations of skid-steering unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), it is essential to understand the vehicle-terrain interaction. This paper aims to give a general and unifying presentation on the mathematical modeling of wheeled type skid-steered UGV in the presence of wheel skidding and slipping. The model is developed based on the dynamics working on the UGV including skidding as well as slipping effects. Kinematic and dynamic model of the UGV is first presented followed by the development of a pseudo-static friction model. The friction model is then simplified for theoretical aspects in order to analyze the wheel-ground interaction along with the UGV motion. Responses of the simulation are investigated to check the effectiveness of the model behavior as well as to check the system stability for terrain navigation.
Travel back to school: use of humour in intertwining of objective authenticity and staged experiences

From living museums to heritage escape rooms, edutainment is becoming a norm in interpretation of heritage, yet not much is known, of the specific role humour plays in the creation and performance of such educational products. This paper explores concepts of authenticity, functions of humour and experience design dimensions on an in-depth case study of a tourism product. The product “Smart Head Primary School” is a re-enactment of teaching as it occurred in the 1950’s in Slovenia. It gained a high extent of popularity primarily due to its extensive inclusion of humour. The product uses the role of a strict teacher to interpret to the “pupils” (visitors) the prime elements of the regions’ heritage. To analyse the intertwining of humour with heritage interpretation, the authors combine two research methods: (a) the in-depth analysis of a transcribed video-recording of a sample performance including the self-analysis and the reflections by one of the “teachers” and (b) a survey distributed to the visitors of the product. The results show that with the use of humour, visitors are able to perceive and recognize the difference between objective and constructive authenticity more effectively.
Implementing Maehara's method for star-free Propositional Dynamic Logic.

Craig’s interpolation theorem has been proven for different logics such as first-order logic, propositional and basic modal logic. However, it is still an open debate whether PropositionalDynamic Logic (PDL) has said property. This research does not aim to close such debate. Our goal is to implement an interpolation prover for propositional logic, basic modal logic, some of its extensions, up to star-free PDL. Our program randomly generates an implication and then the prover determines its validity by using sequent calculus. The prover then, given the valid sentence, also finds an interpolant using Maehara’s partition interpolation method. The prover then outputs the sequent calculus proof and the computed interpolant. For propositional logic, all rules of inference and the computation of the interpolant are fully deterministic. For modal logic and star-free PDL, some of the rules are non-deterministic in which case the prover uses depth-first search to find one of the valid proofs. The prover is tested with 450.000 randomly generated formulas and also a specific set of formulas for all logics. For each randomly generated formula tested that was found valid a final interpolant which respected the definition was found. This was also the case for the specific set, only one formula was supposed to be non-valid but was found to be valid. We argue that this was due to a mistake as the proof for that formula is correct.
Tomato lycopene: Potential health benefits

Lycopene is a member of carotenoid family and a lipid soluble antioxidant synthesized by many plants and microorganisms but not by animals and humans. It is a 40 carbon poly-isoprenoid compound containing 13 double bonds and is principally responsible for characteristic deep-red color of ripe tomato. Tomato and processed tomato products are the primary source of dietary lycopene. Lycopene is an essential nutrient for human and its consumption has been considered as a potential means for prevention of cancer, cardiovascular, diabetes etc. Tomato lycopene bioavailability is greatly affected by dietary composition and processing operations. Being a lipid-soluble compound, consuming lycopene with fat increases its bioavailability. Lycopene in fresh tomatoes mainly occurred as all trans form of isomer but geometrical isomerization during food processing converts all trans form to cis form which are better absorbed in human tissues. This review summarizes the current understanding of lycopene with respect to health benefits and prevention of various diseases.
euroFOT: Field operational test and impact assessment of advanced driver assistance systems – First results

The euroFOT project is the first large-scale Field Operational Test (FOT) of multiple Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) in Europe. It will evaluate the impact of ADAS on safety, traffic efficiency, environment, driver behavior and user-acceptance in real life situations with normal drivers by means of collected data from instrumented vehicles. By offering valuable information for the shortand long-term impact of ADAS the euroFOT project aims to encourage the deployment of ADAS. Altogether, about 1000 vehicles equipped with different ADAS technologies take part in the field operational test. The FOT is coordinated by five Vehicle Management Centers (VMC) and carried out at various operation sites across six European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden and United Kingdom). Within this paper the approach for conducting a field operational test for assessing the impact of ADAS at the German1-VMC and selected first results are presented.
Understanding Music-Related Emotion: Lessons from Ethology

A number of musically-pertinent lessons are drawn from research on animal behavior (ethology). The ethological distinction between signals and cues is used to highlight the difference between felt and expressed emotion. Several ethologically-inspired studies are described – principally studies related to music and sadness. An ethologically-inspired model is proposed (the Acoustic Ethological Model). The question of how music induces emotion in a listener is addressed, and it is proposed that signaling represents a previously unidentified mechanism for inducing affect. An integrated theory of sadness/grief is offered, where sadness is characterized as a personal/covert affect, and grief is characterized as a social/overt affect. Sadness and grief tend to co-occur because they provide complementary strategies for addressing difficult circumstances.
Upward, Downward, and Horizontal Social Comparisons in Teachers: Effects on Adjustment and Student Engagement

There exists a problem amongst teachers with regards to motivation and persistence, with approximately 40% of teachers estimated to leave the teaching occupation within their first five years (Roness, 2011). Research on burnout further suggests that such attrition may be due to of psychological resources required to persist when the difficulties of one’s work become excessive (Schwarzer & Hallum, 2008). Burnout has been also identified as an outcome of occupational stress (Antoniou, Polychroni & Vlachakis, 2006; Blase, 1982; Kokkinos, 2007, Kyraicou, 1987; Manassero et al., 2006; McCormick, 1997; McCormick & Shi, 1999).
Medicaid Expansion and the Unemployed

We examine how a key provision of the Affordable Care Act—the expansion of Medicaid eligibility—affected health insurance coverage, access to care, and labor market transitions of unemployed workers. Comparing trends in states that implemented the Medicaid expansion to those that did not, we find that the expansion substantially increased insurance coverage and improved access to health care among unemployed workers. We then test whether the expansion affected transitions from unemployment to employment or out of the labor force. We find no meaningful statistical evidence in support of moral hazard effects that reduce job finding or labor force attachment.
Specifics of Hormonal Status in Combined Dishormonal Pathology of the Uterus and Mammary Glands in Reproductive Age

The combined dyshormonal pathology of the uterus and mammary glands represents a great danger to the health of a woman, as well as impairs the quality of life, reduces the reproductive capacity of a woman and leads to premature loss of reproductive function. Steroid hormones play a large role in the regulation of proliferative changes in the uterus and mammary glands. Regulation of target organs, uterus and mammary glands, due to the presence of common mechanisms associated with the presence of the receptor apparatus in the tissues of these organs to sex hormones. The general links of pathogenesis and the high frequency of combined pathology of the uterus and mammary glands are of interest to study not only isolated forms of proliferation, but also the development of a unified systematic approach to the study of this pathology. In recent times, there are opposing views on the role of hormonal dysfunction as a factor in proliferative processes. The management tactics of patients with pathological changes in the mammary gland in various gynecological diseases is an assessment of endocrine status, normalization of hormonal and metabolic disorders, especially when progesterone and cortisol are excreted, testosterone levels are increased, and hyperprolactinemia is affected. Special attention should be paid to patients with menstrual disorders, reproductive health disorders. We believe that the problem of the hyperproliferative processes of the uterus and mammary glands should not be considered only from the perspective of gynecological or mammological practice. This pathology is polymorphic and should have broad interdisciplinary connections with such disciplines as oncology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, psychiatry, therapy, pathomorphology, histology, obstetrics and gynecology. Only by studying all possible links of etiopathogenesis, by combining interdisciplinary communication, it is possible to effectively fight for the quality of patients with a combined pathology of the uterus and mammary glands. Family planning, prevention of unplanned pregnancy, timely implementation of maternity, prevention of miscarriage, the use of modern contraceptives, support for breastfeeding is also of high importance for the prevention of disorders and the preservation, extension of reproductive capabilities, and the prevention of combined dyshormonal pathology of the uterus and breast.
Diabetic Neuropathy among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Amplas Primary Health Care in Medan City

BACKGROUND: Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most complicated complications of diabetes patients with Type 2 diabetes. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy based on Clinical Neurological Examination (CNE) and the factors that influence the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy in Type 2 DM patients at Amplas Primary Health Care (PHC) in Medan City. METHODS: The research design was descriptive-analytic with the cross-sectional approach. The study population was all Type 2 DM patients who came to Amplas PHC with a total sample of 53 people using the consecutive sampling. The research data source is primary data, namely the assessment of diabetic neuropathy using the Clinical Neurological Examination (CNE) criteria. Data were processed using SPSS and analysis using the chi-square test. RESULTS: The results showed the majority of Type 2 DM patients had mild neuropathy as many as 24 people (45.3%). The Chi-square test results showed there was a relationship between age and duration of diabetes with the incidence of diabetic neuropathy in Type 2 DM patients at Amplas Primary Health Care. CONCLUSION: Education and early detection with proper management can prevent more severe complications so that the quality of life of patients can be maintained better.
“Diet and Exercise Will Help You Live Longer”: The Meme that Turns on Housekeeping Genes

“Diet and exercise will help you live longer” is a well-known meme. While often taken for granted, its foundations span back to our evolutionary environment and its effects extend into our intracellular environment. Humans evolved under conditions of high physical activity and periodic privation which shaped our genes. During these times of energetic challenge, an evolutionary conserved recycling system, autophagy, would have been activated to provision energy through the degradation of intracellular proteins, organelles, and lipids. With physical activity no longer a requisite for survival and caloric abundance rather than caloric shortage defining the modern human environment, the signals for autophagy are no longer obligatory. Moreover, humans have evolved an avoidance of physical activity and caloric restriction (CR). This leads to an accumulation of intracellular components causing degeneration and disruption of cellular homeostasis. This deleterious accrual of cellular materials also occurs during aging, in part, by an age-related decline in autophagy. What’s more, humans live in a period of history where advances in sanitation and medicine have allowed us to live to unprecedented ages, resulting in long-lived humans with progressive system-wide degeneration. Exercise and CR practices promote age-related health and longevity through their activation of autophagic housekeeping, but evolutionary inertia pushes us to avoid them. However, humans are unique in that we can harness our own genes as well as propagate our own memes. In order to yield the benefits of cellular housekeeping through exercise and CR practices, we should understand our genes and become memesters.