Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Carotid Chemoreceptors in Hypoxic Cardiac Acceleration

Summary and Conclusions 1. Changes in heart rate were recorded during the application of hypoxic stimuli limited to the carotid chemoreceptors. 2. The direct reflex change in heart rate initiated by hypoxia at the carotid chemoreceptors was a slowing of moderate degree. 3. It is concluded that the cardiac acceleration of generalized hypoxia does not arise chemoreflexly at the carotid bodies.
A self-calibration scheme for improved current share of multiphase DC-DC converter

In this paper, a self-calibration control scheme is proposed to improve the current share among each phase of multiphase DC-DC converters. The proposed control scheme is based upon look-up table method to automatically tune the pre-stored parameters for compensated in output inductance. Additionally, the digital voltage mode control and current loop with DCR (Direct Current Resistance) sensing method is implemented. As a result, the proposed scheme provides a low cost solution with ease implementation due to it is fully design by digital control technique without any external phase compensation element. The proposed scheme is verified on 12 V input with 1.2 V output, 60 A, 3-phases interleaving DC-DC buck converter and the simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the theoretical analysis.
Low-profile horizontal omni-directional antenna for LoRa wearable devices

In this paper, a novel antenna suitable for wearable LoRa devices is introduced. Its size is just 42.5 × 45 mm2, similar to the size of a watch, thanks to the advantage of a wire-patch antenna structure. The proposed antenna operates at 868MHz frequency band with the realized gain up to 0.4 dBi. This antenna is proved to be better than former designs by obtaining azimuthal polarization which reduces effects from human body. In addition, its polarization is circular, thus loss from polarization mismatch is expected to be minimized.
Groupwise Dimension Reduction via Envelope Method

The family of sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) methods that produce informative combinations of predictors, or indices, are particularly useful for high-dimensional regression analysis. In many such analyses, it becomes increasingly common that there is available a priori subject knowledge of the predictors; for example, they belong to different groups. While many recent SDR proposals have greatly expanded the scope of the methods’ applicability, how to effectively incorporate the prior predictor structure information remains a challenge. In this article, we aim at dimension reduction that recovers full regression information while preserving the predictor group structure. Built upon a new concept of the direct sum envelope, we introduce a systematic way to incorporate the group information in most existing SDR estimators. As a result, the reduction outcomes are much easier to interpret. Moreover, the envelope method provides a principled way to build a variety of prior structures into dimension reduction analysis. Both simulations and real data analysis demonstrate the competent numerical performance of the new method.
VITAMIN B6 DEFICIENCY AND DEPENDENCY

baby will become stronger and more aware, and will walk and talk and go to school. I would admit the inevitability of learning difficulties, but promise pre-school teaching to offset this. I would say that, in the past, most children with the syndrome become obese but that their child would stay thin, although not as thin as the tube-fed baby before them. Finally, I would look for an endocrinologist with a constructive approach to answer the unspoken questions on sex, or perhaps to improve on the old answers.
Hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: treatment with transarterial chemoembolization combined with sorafenib--a retrospective controlled study.

PURPOSE To determine the safety and efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with sorafenib (hereafter, TACE-sorafenib) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was approved by the institutional review board, and the requirement for informed consent was waived. The medical records of consecutive patients with HCC and PVTT who underwent TACE-sorafenib or TACE alone from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively evaluated. Sorafenib (400 mg) was administered twice daily. Outcomes of patients who underwent TACE-sorafenib were compared with outcomes of patients who underwent TACE by using the Kaplan-Meier method according to types of PVTT: PVTT in the main portal vein (type A), PVTT in the first-order portal vein branch (type B), and PVTT in second- or lower-order portal vein branches (type C). RESULTS Ninety-one patients were included in the analysis; 46 patients underwent TACE-sorafenib and 45 underwent TACE. TACE-sorafenib showed significant survival benefits compared with TACE in patients with type B (median survival, 13 months vs 6 months; P = .002) or type C (median survival, 15 months vs 10 months; P = .003) PVTT. TACE-sorafenib and main PVTT were the independent prognostic factors for survival at uni- and multivariate analysis. Liver function after TACE-sorafenib worsened only in patients with main PVTT. Sorafenib-related adverse events of grade 3 or higher occurred in 16 patients (35%). CONCLUSION TACE-sorafenib side effects were acceptable, and this treatment may improve overall survival in patients with HCC with first-order or lower-branch PVTT when compared with patients who underwent TACE alone.
Susciter une émotion pour dominer l’esprit : la propagande antisémite et les écrivains français (1940-1944)

Nous proposons d’examiner l’attitude adoptee par les ecrivains francais face au nazisme et en particulier aux persecutions des Juifs dans la France occupee, dans le but de s’y opposer par le biais du geste poetique. Des lors, la propagande visuelle apparait fondamentale dans l’interaction entre l’emotion et la re-action du geste que l’ecrivain va adopter : soit se faire convaincre soit prendre en aversion ce qui est propose comme fait avere. L’exterieur se transforme en espace de demonstration et d’etalage du pouvoir dictatorial ou les affiches de propagande et les discours radiophoniques ont pour objectif de faire entendre le langage de la peur. Dans ce contexte, la question se pose : quelle a ete la replique de la part des ecrivains francais au port de l’etoile jaune que les Juifs etaient forces d’arborer pour sortir dans les rues (Guehenno, Saint-Exupery, Thomas) ? Surtout si nous considerons qu’il s’agit en 1942 d’un « tournant » (Laborie) dans le rapport de l'opinion publique aux persecutions contre les Juifs, notamment a la rafle du Vel’ d’Hiv’, precedee par la reaction negative manifeste au port de l’etoile. Il est interessant d’examiner combien l’emotion envers le signe humiliant et la re-action qu’elle a pu susciter s’est averee determinante. A ce titre, il est significatif d’analyser egalement la replique (emotionnelle d’abord et gestuelle ensuite) a la fameuse exposition Le Juif et la France (1941-1942) dont l’enorme affiche sur le palais Berlitz surplombait les rues.
Program Translation via Abstraction and Reimplementation

An abstraction-and-reimplementation paradigm is presented in which the source program is first analyzed in order to obtain a programming-language-independent abstract understanding of the computation performed by the program as a whole. The program is then reimplemented in the target language based on this understanding. The key to this approach is the abstract understanding obtained. It allows the translator to benefit from an appreciation of the global features of the source program without being distracted by what are considered irrelevant details. Knowledge-based translation via abstraction and reimplementation is described as one of the goals of the Programmer's Apprentice project. A translator which translates Cobol programs into Hibol (a very-high-level business data processing language) has been constructed. A computer which generates extremely efficient PDP-11 object code for Pascal programs has been designed. >
The TyrR regulon

The TyrR protein of Escherichia coli can act both as a repressor and as an activator of transcription. It can interact with each of the three aromatic amino acids, with ATP and, under certain circumstances, with the C‐terminal region of the α‐subunit of RNA polymerase. TyrR protein is a dimer in solution but in the presence of tyrosine and ATP it self‐associates to form a hexamer. Whereas TyrR dimers can, in the absence of any aromatic amino acids, bind to certain recognition sequences referred to as ‘strong TyrR boxes’, hexamers can bind to extended sequences including lower‐affinity sites called ‘weak TyrR boxes’, some of which overlap the promoter. There is no single mechanism for repression, which in some cases involves exclusion of RNA polymerase from the promoter and in others, interference with the ability of bound RNA polymerase to form open complexes or to exit the promoter. When bound to a site upstream of certain promoters, TyrR protein in the presence of phenylalanine, tyrosine or tryptophan can interact with the α‐subunit of RNA polymerase to activate transcription. In one unusual case, activation of a non‐productive promoter is used to repress transcription from a promoter on the opposite strand. Regulation of individual transcription units within the regulon reflects their physiological function and is determined by the position and nature of the recognition sites (TyrR boxes) associated with each of the promoters. The intracellular levels of the various forms of the TyrR protein are also postulated to be of critical importance in determining regulatory outcomes. TyrR protein remains a paradigm for a regulator that is able to interact with multiple cofactors and exert a range of regulatory effects by forming different oligomers on DNA and making contact with other proteins. A recent analysis identifying putative TyrR boxes in the E. coli genome raises the possibility that the TyrR regulon may extend beyond the well‐characterized transcription units described in this review.
Vaccines for children and adults with chronic lung disease: efficacy against acute exacerbations

Acute exacerbations of chronic lung disease are usually associated with viral and bacterial pathogens. They contribute to declining lung function, poor quality of life and exert an excess burden on individuals, families, communities and the healthcare sector. Hence, preventing exacerbations is important in clinical management. Several vaccines providing protection against respiratory pathogens (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Bordetella pertussis and influenza) that can trigger exacerbations are available, but evidence to support their effectiveness in preventing exacerbations of chronic lung disease is limited. Candidate vaccines in pre-clinical or clinical development phases include those targeting Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinoviruses. However, it is likely to be several years before vaccines against these pathogens are available for children and adults with chronic lung diseases. For vaccination to play an important role in managing chronic lung disease efforts need to be directed at understanding how various pathogens cause exacerbations and alter long-term lung function.
A perspective on biosolids management.

Wastewater treatment has evolved into an important mechanism that used to protect public health from infectious disease. In the 1850s, water drawn from the Thames River below London's sewage outfall was found to be a source of a cholera outbreak (1). As a result, 'sewage farms' were established to treat and dispose of wastewater. Gradually, more effective technologies, which required less land, were developed to treat wastewater. The processes of primary and secondary biological treatment eventually eliminated the need for sewage farms in the early part of the past century.
Osteologická analýza únětického sídliště z lokality Pasohlávky - poloostrov

Osteologicka analýza lidských a zviřecich kosternich pozůstatků z polykulturni lokality Pasohlavky-poloostrov byla zaměřena na nalezy datovane do uněticke kultury (2300-1700 BC). Cilem antropologicke analýzy bylo odhadnout pohlavi, věk a výsku postavy s využitim siroke skaly standardnich morfoskopických a morfometrických metod, dale popsat patologicke projevy a anatomicke variety. Celkem bylo analyzovano deset jedinců, z toho byli ctyři muži, tři ženy a tři nedospěli jedinci. Cilem archeozoologicke analýzy bylo taxonomicky a anatomicky urcit zviřeci kosterni pozůstatky, stanovit jejich věk pomoci standardnich archeozoologických metod, dale popsat patologicke změny, anatomicke variety a humanni i non-humanni tafonomicke jevy. Zavěrem byly analyzovany způsoby exploatace těl domestikovaných zviřat (typických pro pozdni dobu bronzovou) lidmi žijicimi na teto lokalitě a lze řici, že jsou analogicke situacim na dalsich unětických sidlistich jižni Moravy.
[Insulin-like growth factor-1-mediated paracrine pro-proliferative effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on injured L02 hepatocytes].

OBJECTIVE To explore the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on injured hepatocytes mediated by paracrine mechanisms and to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of this action. METHODS A contact-independent model of aberrant hepatic microenvironment was established by co-culturing BM-MSCs with D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-injured human L02 hepatic cells using a transwell assay platform. Secreted levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the co-culture supernatant. Expression of the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) was assessed by Western blot. The effect of exogenous IGF-1 on proliferation of D-GalN-injured L02 cells was examined by MTT assay. RESULTS Upon co-culture, BM-MSCs promoted proliferation of D-GalN-injured L02 cells in a contact-independent manner (absorbance values of at 24 h: 0.36+/-0.08, 48 h: 0.52+/-0.06, and 96 h: 0.68+/-0.06; vs. uninjured cells t = 2.493, 3.116, and 2.285, respectively; all P less than 0.05). Robust expression of IGF-1 was identified in the supernatants of co-cultures and was demonstrated to have been secreted mainly from BM-MSCs under the influence of D-GalN-injured L02 cells. Constitutive expression of IGF-1R was found in the D-GalN-injured L02 cells and blocking of IGF-1R by a neutralizing antibody significantly inhibited the paracrine pro-proliferative effect of co-cultured BM-MSCs at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h (t = 2.909, 2.328, and 2.560, respectively; all P less than 0.05). CONCLUSION BM-MSC-derived IGF-1 plays an important role in the paracrine pro-proliferative effect on D-GalN-injured L02 hepatocytes by engaging with the constitutively expressed IGF-1R on L02 cells.
Modular Multilevel Converter: An universal concept for HVDC-Networks and extended DC-Bus-applications

For demanding future applications in power transmission – like grid connection of large off-shore wind parks, solar thermic power generation or power supply of mega cities – there is a global need for advanced power electronic systems. The novel concept of Modular Multilevel Converter (M2C) offers superior characteristics for these applications. Its operations for HVDC-systems is explained and investigated with respect to new requirements – including failure management in Multi-terminal-HVDC-Networks.
Quantitative Methods Pension Fund Optimal Allocations

We address the problem of a private pension plan sponsor who has to decide the best pension funds that should be offered to the pension plan members. Starting from the analysis of the population of the plan in order to identify a set of representative subscribers, we focus on an individual optimal portfolio allocation in a pension perspective. Then, the optimal allocation for each representative will become a pension fund. For each representative, we propose a multistage stochastic program (MSP) which includes a multi-criteria objective function. The optimal choice is the portfolio allocation that minimizes the Average Value at Risk Deviation of the final wealth and satisfies a wealth target in the final stage. Stochasticity arises from investor’s salary process and asset returns. The stochastic processes are assumed to be correlated. Numerical results show optimal dynamic portfolios with respect to investor’s preferences and then the best pension funds the provider can offer.
Parametric Analysis and Experimental Verification of a Hybrid Vibration Energy Harvester Combining Piezoelectric and Electromagnetic Mechanisms

Considering coil inductance and the spatial distribution of the magnetic field, this paper developed an approximate distributed-parameter model of a hybrid energy harvester (HEH). The analytical solutions were compared with numerical solutions. The effects of load resistances, electromechanical coupling factors, mechanical damping ratio, coil parameters and size scale on performance were investigated. A meso-scale HEH prototype was fabricated, tested and compared with a stand-alone piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) and a stand-alone electromagnetic energy harvester (EMEH). The peak output power is 2.93% and 142.18% higher than that of the stand-alone PEH and EMEH, respectively. Moreover, its bandwidth is 108%- and 122.7%-times that of the stand-alone PEH and EMEH, respectively. The experimental results agreed well with the theoretical values. It is indicated that the linearized electromagnetic coupling coefficient is more suitable for low-level excitation acceleration. Hybrid energy harvesting contributes to widening the frequency bandwidth and improving energy conversion efficiency. However, only when the piezoelectric coupling effect is weak or medium can the HEH generate more power than the single-mechanism energy harvester. Hybrid energy harvesting can improve output power even at the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scale. This study presents a more effective model for the performance evaluation and structure optimization of the HEH.
Long term compensatory sweating results after sympathectomy for palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis.

BACKGROUND Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy is currently the best treatment for primary upper extremity hyperhidrosis, but the potential for adverse effects, particularly the development of compensatory sweating, is a concern and often precludes surgery as a definitive therapy. This study aims to evaluate long-term results of two-stage unilateral versus one-stage bilateral thoracoscopic sympathectomy. METHODS From November 1995 to February 2011, 261 patients with severe palmar and/or axillary hyperhidrosis underwent endoscopic sympathectomy with a follow-up of at least 4 years. One-hundred and twenty-six patients received one-stage bilateral, single port video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy (one-stage group) and 135 patients underwent two-stage unilateral, single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy, with a mean time interval of four months between the procedures (two-stage group). RESULTS The mean postoperative follow-up period was 7.2 years (range, 4-9 years). Sixteen patients (12.7%) in the one-stage group and 15 patients (11.1%) in the two-stage group suffered from bradycardia (P=0.15). Recurrences occurred in three patients (2.4%) in the one-stage group and one (0.7%) in the two-stage group (P=0,09). Facial flushing or hyperthermia occurred in eight patients (6.3%) in the one-stage group and 11 (8.1%) of the two-stage group. Compensatory sweating occurred in 27 patients (21.4%) in the one-stage group and six patients (4.4%) in the two-stage group (P=0.0001). However, compensatory sweating recovered in five patients (83.3%) in the two-stage group versus nine (33.35%) in one-stage group during the follow-up period (Log-rank test P=0.016; HR, 7.196; 95% CI, 1.431-36.20). An improvement in postoperative quality of life (QoL) scores was observed in at least 90% of patients at three years after surgery in the one-stage group and at least 95% of patients in the two-stage group (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Compensatory sweating seems to improve during the follow-up period with a higher recovery rate after two-stage unilateral versus one-stage bilateral sympathectomy for patients with palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis.
OPTICAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EMPLOYINGCARRIERLESS AMPLITUDE PHASE ( CAP ) MODULATION FORMAT

Multiple wavelength channels can be used for implementing transceiver modules in optical transmission system network in order to increase spectral efficiency. However, it leads to cost increment which is caused by employment of multiple optical components. Therefore, implementation of advanced modulation format has become an option to further increase spectral efficiency. But apparently, it involves complicated and costly transmission system. Carrierless amplitude and phase (CAP) modulation has emerged as promising advanced modulation format candidate in optical transmission system due to spectral efficiency improvement ability with reduction of optical transceiver complexity and cost. In this paper, we propose a transmission of 2.5 Gb/s CAP-4 and CAP-16 modulation formats over single mode fiber (SMF) link using 1550 nm vertical cavity surface emitting laser(VCSEL) with 2.5 Gbaud modulation rate. The signal is successfully recovered after 35 km of SMF in system of 10 GHz sample rate.
Effects of Ramadan fasting on serum immunoglobulin G and M, and salivary immunoglobulin A concentrations

Objective To investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM, and salivary IgA concentrations. Methods Blood and saliva samples were collected one week before and during the last week of Ramadan from healthy male volunteers. Albumin, total lymphocyte count, electrolytes, and IgG and IgM concentrations were determined in serum; salivary IgA concentrations were measured. Anthropometric measurements were also recorded. Results Samples were collected from 35 subjects (mean age 35.86 years, range 20–59 years). Weight, body mass index, albumin levels and the nutritional risk index decreased significantly during Ramadan fasting compared with before fasting. In addition, Na+ and Cl− electrolyte levels were significantly decreased during Ramadan. Serum IgG concentrations decreased significantly during Ramadan compared with before fasting, but were still within the normal range. Salivary IgA concentrations also decreased significantly, whereas serum IgM levels did not change. Lymphocyte numbers increased significantly, but there was no correlation between Ig levels and lymphocyte count. Conclusion Ramadan fasting did not result in severe immunological disturbances.
Regular mesh topologies in local and metropolitan area networks

The throughput per user in loop and bus configured local area networks decreases linearly with the number of users. These networks cannot be extended to a metropolitan area with many users. A class of mesh networks is described that increases the throughput of conventional local area networks by decreasing the fraction of the network capacity needed to transmit information between a source and a destination. These networks have multiple paths that increase the reliability of the networks, and have point-to-point links that can cover a metropolitan area. In general, mesh networks require complex store-and-forward nodes that also route messages, control the flow of data entering the network, resequence packets at the destination, and recover packets with errors. However, there are characteristics of the local or metropolitan area that allow these functions to be simplified. As a result of these simplifications, loop access protocols are extended to mesh networks and the need to store and forward data is eliminated. A file transfer protocol that does not require packet resequencing is described. Three mesh networks are studied, and the desirable characteristics of networks are determined. One network, the Manhattan street network, has many of the desirable characteristics.