Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic Preassessment Method of Parameter Identification Accuracy With an Application to Identify the Drive Train Parameters of DFIG

Parameter identification facilitates the improvement of the accuracy of power system simulation. However, for complex models of electrical equipment, it is impossible to simultaneously identify all the parameters. Inaccurate values of the nontarget parameters (NTPs) will affect the identification accuracy of the target parameters (TPs). However, no suitable methods are available in the parameter identification process to assess and handle this adverse impact. Therefore, a probabilistic preassessment method (PPM) is proposed to assess the possible identification accuracy of the TPs when the NTPs are inaccurate. PPM can provide more useful quantitative information than traditional sensitivity analysis for selecting the disturbance form, the observation variable, and the TPs that can be accurately identified. Then, a statistical identification process (SIP) is proposed to eliminate the dependence of the traditional parameter identification method on accurate NTPs. In SIP, parameter identification is repeated by using random values of the NTPs. Then, the mean value of the high-probability identification results is selected as the final result. Some of the identification results can be adjusted according to the PPM result to further improve the accuracy. The proposed methods were successfully used to identify the parameters of a two-mass drive train model of a DFIG wind turbine generator under the assumption that the generator and controller parameters are unknown.
Effects of baiclin on erythrocyte aldose reductas e activity and early diabetes nephropathy

Objective To observe the effects of baicalin on aldose reductase (AR ) activity and early diabetic nephropathy.Methods 36 patients of early diabetic nephropathy were randomly divided into control group (18 cases , traditional therapy) and treatment group(18 cases, traditional therapy + baica lin), the duration was 4 weeks. Erythrocyte AR, urinary albumin excretion rate ( UAER), blood and urine β 2 -microglobulin (β 2-MG) were determined in all the patients before and after the treatment.Results Compared wi th control group, the AR activity, UAER and blood β 2-MG were apparently decr eased in the baicalin treated group. Conclusions Baicalin signi ficantly inhibits the AR activity and reduces the UAER and the blood β 2-MG , so has some effect on the early diabetic nephropathy.
Measuring the Output Gap using Large Datasets

Abstract We propose a new measure of the output gap based on a dynamic factor model that is estimated on a large number of U.S. macroeconomic indicators and which incorporates relevant stylized facts about macroeconomic data (comovements, nonstationarity, and the slow drift in long-run output growth over time). We find that (1) from the mid-1990s to 2008, the U.S. economy operated above its potential and (2) in 2018:Q4, the labor market was tighter than the market for goods and services. Because it is mainly data-driven, our measure is a natural complementary tool to the theoretical models used at policy institutions.
Management Information System Influenced By Competence Of Human Resources Employee Of Civil Apparatus (Asn) West Java

Integrity refers to ASN west java ability to act in accordance with values, norms and ethics in its institution. Competence causes or predicts behavior and performance. Competency actually predicts who is performing well, measured by the criteria or standards used. Management information systems are producing tools information in several other experts meneankan tools to assist in decision making, as well as some add to the function of information systems to carry out monitoring (control) analysis and visualization.Methode cualitative with interviewer. Management Information Systems are affected by ASN's Human Resources Competencies in the Greater West Java Metropolitan Government.
Project based learning to develop a laboratory kit: Examining 3Hs (Hearts-on, Heads-on, Hands-on) activity

Project-based learning (PjBL) is a learning model that involves students in problem-solving activities and peaks to produce realistic value-added products. KIT is one of the products that can be made by students by using PjBL to achieve 3H (Hands, Heads, and Hearts-on) activity. This study is about PjBL that student can make a practical laboratory KIT on the theme of cigarettes to increase 3H activity. The method was quasi experiment with pretest posttest control group design. The research subject of this study was VIII grade class consisted of 34 students in the experiment classroom and 35 students in the control classroom. The study revealed that the improvement of 3H activity in the experimental classroom was higher than in the control classroom. Based on questionnaires and interview results, the student gave positive responses towards making project such us an practical laboratory KIT using PjBL. Thus, PjBL could rise 3H activity which is better than students who do not use PjBL. This study is expected to be developed to be used on other themes than cigarettes.
Engaging the human operator: a review of the theoretical support for the vigilance decrement and a discussion of practical applications

Abstract Vigilance, or the ability to sustain attention for extended periods of time, has been of interest to the human factors and ergonomics community for 70 years. During this time, several theories have attempted to account for the performance effects commonly associated with vigilance (i.e. the decrement, which manifests in fewer correct detections and longer response times to targets over time). We provide a cohesive review of the current empirical support for the three major theories explaining the vigilance decrement and describe the limitations of each theory herein. The three overarching theories of vigilance performance and the vigilance decrement include: cognitive resource theory, mindlessness theory and mind-wandering theory. Importantly, each of these theories relies on unique definitions of task engagement to understand operator overload or underload. The differences in the operationalisation of task engagement are problematic in the application of vigilance research to the real world. In this article, we describe the utility of a unified definition of task engagement and demonstrate how resource theory is better poised to account for cognitive task engagement than physical task engagement, which is emphasised in other theories.
Force Sensing With 1 mm Fiber Bragg Gratings for Flexible Endoscopic Surgical Robots

This article presents a novel force sensor to detect the distal force of tendon-sheath mechanisms (TSMs) in flexible endoscopic surgical robots. We propose to measure the compression force on the sheath at the distal end so that the tension force on the tendon, which equals the compression force on the sheath, can be obtained. With this approach, a new force sensor made up of a 1 mm fiber Bragg grating attached to a 3 mm long nitinol tube was developed to measure the compression force exerted on the sheath. Mechanics analysis and verification tests were conducted to characterize the relationship between tension and compression on a TSM. Force calibrations, hysteresis study, and temperature compensation verification tests on the sensor were carried out. The force sensor has a measurement error of 0.178 N and a sensitivity of 34.14 pm/N. Applications of the sensor in a TSM-driven robotic grasper and a tendon-driven continuum robot were demonstrated. This force sensor has salient advantages: it is small, structurally simple, electrically passive, temperature-compensated, easy to assemble and disassemble, flexible, and biocompatible. This proposed approach with the new force sensor can also be applied to both TSM-driven systems and tendon-driven systems such as robotic fingers/hands, wearable devices, surgical catheters, and rehabilitation devices.
A Ku-Band, Compact, Polarization-Reconfigurable, Multilayered, Wideband Antenna: A proposed design with high mechanical stability

In this report, a Ku-band, compact, polarization-reconfigurable, multilayered, wideband antenna is proposed. Two orthogonal linear polarizations can be realized by switching the ON-OFF state of four p-i-n diodes that are embedded into the polarization-reconfigurable coupling slots. The p-i-n diode switches and capacitors are installed in the middle layer of the microwave multilayer board to reduce their impact from the external environment, which improves the reliability and consistency of the antenna. Structure miniaturization of the antenna can be achieved by using a set of orthogonal cross gaps. The bandwidth and broadside gain characteristic of the proposed antenna can be significantly enhanced by employing a hollow-cavity substrate and stacked patches. A prototype of the proposed reconfigurable antenna has been fabricated and tested. The measured fractional impedance bandwidth is larger than 22.4% with the reference of |S11| ≤ -10 dB. In addition, the polarization purity is better than 20 dB in both E- and H-planes. The measured gain versus frequency is stable and higher than 4 dBi within the operating frequency band.
RF Power-Handling Performance for Direct Actuation of Germanium Telluride Switches

The study presented in this article concerns germanium telluride (GeTe) phase-change material-based switches, actuated via direct heating and arranged through two configurations: series or shunt. It is concluded that direct heating provides a performing solution for GeTe amorphization, preventing heater aging. The two configurations are compared in terms of RF performance, power handling, and linearity. Some design rules are derived from empirical data, consolidated with thermal simulations. In either configuration, a large, thick, and short GeTe switch geometry is preferable. Higher isolation can be obtained in shunt configuration, while lower insertion loss can be reached in a series configuration. The Figure-of-Merit, as cutoff frequency, is 11 and 21 THz for shunt and series configurations, respectively. In terms of power handling, for amorphous GeTe, results confirm the existence of a threshold voltage leading to better handling for longer switches in both configurations. For crystalline GeTe, design rules that link the maximum current through the switch before failure to the material geometry are derived for the very first time. It is shown that current is proportional to the GeTe switch width, to the square root of its thickness, and inversely proportional to its length. The shunt configuration presented here holds 31 dBm at ON-state and more than 35 dBm at OFF-state while the series configuration holds 27 dBm at ON-state and 32 dBm at OFF-state. For power handling, a balance exists between series and shunt configurations with a ratio of 4 in the crystalline phase and of 0.25 in the amorphous phase.
Waste to Carbon: Biocoal from Elephant Dung as New Cooking Fuel

The paper presents, for the first time, the results of fuel characteristics of biochars from torrefaction (a.k.a., roasting or low-temperature pyrolysis) of elephant dung (manure). Elephant dung could be processed and valorized by torrefaction to produce fuel with improved qualities for cooking. The work aimed to examine the possibility of using torrefaction to (1) valorize elephant waste and to (2) determine the impact of technological parameters (temperature and duration of the torrefaction process) on the waste conversion rate and fuel properties of resulting biochar (biocoal). In addition, the influence of temperature on the kinetics of the torrefaction and its energy consumption was examined. The lab-scale experiment was based on the production of biocoals at six temperatures (200–300 °C; 20 °C interval) and three process durations of the torrefaction (20, 40, 60 min). The generated biocoals were characterized in terms of moisture content, organic matter, ash, and higher heating values. In addition, thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analyses were also used for process kinetics assessment. The results show that torrefaction is a feasible method for elephant dung valorization and it could be used as fuel. The process temperature ranging from 200 to 260 °C did not affect the key fuel properties (high heating value, HHV, HHVdaf, regardless of the process duration), i.e., important practical information for proposed low-tech applications. However, the higher heating values of the biocoal decreased above 260 °C. Further research is needed regarding the torrefaction of elephant dung focused on scaling up, techno-economic analyses, and the possibility of improving access to reliable energy sources in rural areas.
Artificially Engineered Capacitors for Discrete High-Frequency Electronic Circuitry

The concept of the artificially engineered capacitor (AEC) is presented as a 3-D printable 3-D capacitive component for use in discrete RF/microwave electronic circuitry. The intention of the AEC concept is a highly customizable 3-D printable component whose capacitance value is stable over a wider frequency band when compared to commercial alternatives. AECs can be viewed as impedance structures with predominantly capacitive characteristics. Both series and shunt AEC configurations are considered with simulation and measurement data along with equivalent circuit models. The tolerance of the equivalent capacitance over frequency is focused upon in this article. Within the 40% tolerance band from the nominal value an improvement of 26% and 197% frequency band was achieved for the series and shunt variants, respectively, when compared to a commercial alternative. Further simulations show that with finer 3-D printing resolutions, this frequency-stable bandwidth can be further increased. Finally, an example design application of a half-wavelength microstrip resonator is presented in which the AECs’ Q factor is measured, and its equivalent circuits are implemented and validated via simulations and measurements.
Both Sides of the Coin: Supporting Postgraduates and Researchers in Dedicated Spaces at CPUT and Stellenbosch University

The idea of a space dedicated to supporting research at the university housed within the library is not a new concept. These spaces, often called Research Commons, have been written about widely in literature since 2008. However the impact of these spaces is something that, a decade later, warrants investigation as these spaces have also had to evolve to both meet clients changing needs and to reflect the new trends within libraries. In South Africa, the Research Commons is a well-known concept within university libraries. Both the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) and the Stellenbosch University Libraries offer such dedicated spaces in the libraries for postgraduates and researchers to work in. This paper looks closely at these spaces in the two institutions, specifically looking at the commonalities of a research support space, both in set-up and use, from the perspective of a research intensive university and a teaching and learning focused University of Technology. In addition, the differences and suggested causes for the differences are also discussed, with a special reference to the evolution of these spaces from the time of inception until the current day. Particular attention will be paid to the actual usage and services of the different spaces. This study, comparing the approaches to providing excellent spaces for postgraduates and researchers in the libraries of two different styles of University, will resonate both with librarians from research traditional universities, as well as Universities and Universities of Technology aspiring to become more research-focused.
Research progress on the pathogenesis of EV71-induced neurogenic pulmonary edema

Enterovirus 71(EV71) is one kind of human intestinal viruses.In recent 30 years,EV71 infection is widely distributed in Asia Pacific region,which is one of the main pathogens of severe hand-foot-mouth diseases.One of the most serious complications of EV71 infection is the involvement of central nervous system and respiratory system.Among them,neurogenic pulmonary edema has aroused widespread concern in recent years due to its rapid progression,resistance to treatment and high fatality ratio,while its pathogenesis is still unclear.In this paper,we reviewed the research progress on the pathogenesis of EV71 infection induced neurogenic pulmonary edema from the aspects of brain stem encephalitis,systemic inflammation,and immune reaction.
Analysis of the fever of unknown origin in 126 patients

Objective To analyse the characteristics and diagnostic method in the patients with fever of unknown origin(FUO). Methods The clinical data of 126 cases of FUO admitted to the Xinqiao Hospital from February 2000 to October 2007 were analyzed.Results The classic FUO induced by mainly the infective diseases(50.79%,64/126) including tuberculosis infection(31.25%,20/64) in it;malignant tumor(24.6%,31/126);connective tissue diseases(15.87%,20/126),the other diseases(3.17%,4/126) and unknown diseases(5.56%,7/126). Conclusion The main diseases in the infective,connective tissue and malignant tumor diseases were tuberculosis infection,adult Still's disease and lymphoma,respectively.The diagnostic method of FUO should be systemic and sequential and the bacterial culture,ultrasound and CT examination were done in time.The repeated puncture,biopsy and traumatic examination are helpful to clinical diagnosis.
Gain enhanced conformal patch antenna with defected ground for aircraft applications

This study describes a design of conformal patch antenna for airborne applications especially in measuring the velocity of ocean and river current. By considering the decorrelation time, precipitation, resolution, and size of the antenna, the current system operates within the C-band frequency range of 5.05-5.45 GHz. This design has achieved a bandwidth of 7.7% that helps in increasing the cross-range resolution. A maximum gain of 10 dB is achieved at the bore side angle. The normalised side lobe level (SLL) of -26 dB reduces aliasing by achieving higher pulse repetition rate. Defected ground structure (DGS) is used for suppressing higher harmonics and its effect has been explained with simulation results. As most aircrafts are made of carbon fibre composites (CFC), this antenna has been checked by mounting on CFC sheets for real-time analysis and shows good performance in terms of both measured and simulated results. The transmission line model of the proposed patch antenna and impedance matching network is also described with the corresponding circuits. The characteristic mode analysis is carried out to study the intuitive behaviour and to optimise the performance of patch antenna by analysing the performance metrics of different current modes.
Rerepresenting Autonomated Vehicles in a Macroscopic Transportation Model

The main goal of this article is to determine a comprehensive and well applicable model architecture, which is adequate to estimate the system level advantages with regard to automated transportation and which is appropriate to determine possible costs and losses with regard to the approach of such transport modes. In the study the Budapest Transportation Model is applied. Taking autonomous vehicle penetration into account as an external variable, in the analysis a constant growth is assumed in the penetration of automated vehicles. This article has taken the most relevant factors of transportation network into account with regard to automated cars. It is also important to mention that the paper presents the most important modelling phases, where automated cars can be taken into account during the macroscopic modelling process. In the first step of the process during the network definition phase it is possible to consider the effect of automated vehicles on the transport system (e.g. separated routes). The next phase where the effect of automated vehicles should be taken into consideration is the mode choice step (e.g. different demand segments). And finally traffic assignment step, where the effect of automated vehicles can be represented. The easiest way for this is the modification of passenger car units through the parameter of assigned traffic per capacity ratio.
Comparative study of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy vs open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer

Objective To explore the operative outcome of resection of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy(LADG)vs open distal gastrectomy(ODG)for gastric cancer.Methods The data of medical records were retrospectively reviewed.There were 19 cases subject to LADG and 51 cases to ODG respectively.Results There was no conversion to laparotomy in the laparoscopic group.Mean operative time in LADG group and ODG group was(194.5±23.21)min and(177.8±19.78)min,intraoperative blood loss(182.4±40.21)ml and(346.8±33.98)ml,mean retrieved lymph nodes(18.4±2.3)and(17.7±2.6),first flatus day(4.31±1.28)d and(4.89±1.62)d,mean hospital stay(14.3±2.5)d and(17.6±3.7)d,and mean WBC number on the first postoperative day was(8.79±3.54)×109/L and(10.43±2.78)×109/L respectively.There were no stomal leaks and postoperative deaths.Conclusion Although time consuming,LADG has several advantages compared with ODG,namely,LADG is safe with less blood loss and shorter hospital stay.
Efficient Evolutionary Learning Algorithm for Real-Time Embedded Vision Applications

This paper reports the development of an efficient evolutionary learning algorithm designed specifically for real-time embedded visual inspection applications. The proposed evolutionary learning algorithm constructs image features as a series of image transforms for image classification and is suitable for resource-limited systems. This algorithm requires only a small number of images and time for training. It does not depend on handcrafted features or manual tuning of parameters and is generalized to be versatile for visual inspection applications. This allows the system to be configured on the fly for different applications and by an operator without extensive experience. An embedded vision system, equipped with an ARM processor running Linux, is capable of performing at roughly one hundred 640 × 480 frames per second which is more than adequate for real-time visual inspection applications. As example applications, three image datasets were created to test the performance of this algorithm. The first dataset was used to demonstrate the suitability of the algorithm for visual inspection automation applications. This experiment combined two applications to make it a more challenging test. One application was for separating fertilized and unfertilized eggs. The other one was for detecting two common defects on the eggshell. Two other datasets were created for road condition classification and pavement quality evaluation. The proposed algorithm was 100% for fertilized egg detection and 98.6% for eggshell quality inspection for a combined 99.1% accuracy. It had an accuracy of 92% for the road condition classification and 100% for pavement quality evaluation.