Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Photodynamic Therapy For Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma In-Situ & Mutation Burden Analysis

PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY FOR CUTANEOUS SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA IN-SITU & MUTATION BURDEN ANALYSIS. Yuemei (Amy) Zhang, Mei Zhong, Haifan Lin, and Sean Christensen. Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. SCC in-situ (SCCIS), or Bowen’s disease, is a precursor to invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin. Compared to other available treatment modalities, photodynamic therapy (PDT) may offer comparable efficacy with decreased morbidity and better cosmetic and functional outcomes. This retrospective study analyzes the effectiveness and outcomes of photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid (ALAPDT) treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in-situ (SCCIS) with blue light. Data collection and statistical analysis was performed on the demographics, clinical history, and procedure details of patients who have biopsy-confirmed diagnoses of SCCIS treated initially with PDT. Treated lesions had a complete response rate of 55% (39/71) after initial PDT treatment. 83% (52/63) of lesions had a complete response with 1-2 cycles of PDT. Age and large size (>2 cm) were inversely correlated with complete initial response. The mean disease-free survival was 13.379 months (standard deviation of 2.0 months, C.I. [9.477, 17.280], 41 observations) for lesions receiving 1 PDT treatment, and 13.590 months (standard deviation of 2.3 months, C.I. [9.072, 18.107], 23 observations) for lesions receiving 2 treatments. There was no statistical difference between 1 and 2 PDT treatments in terms of disease-free survival function. Recurrence rates were 12% (4/33) following 1 PDT treatment and 32% (6/19) following 2 PDT treatments. Depending on clinical details, PDT may be an appropriate choice of treatment for SCCIS. SCCIS and skin cancers arise when cancer-causing mutations develop and accumulate in keratinocytes. The majority of skin cancer cases are attributed to mutations caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Specific UV-induced mutations in tumor-suppressor genes have been documented in normal skin, skin cancer precursors, and SCC lesions. This study aims to develop a system to quantify and characterize the mutations in TP53, Hras, Nras, Kras, CDKN2a, Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Fat1, Fgfr3, Knstrn, and Braf in clinically and histologically normal skin, and relate this data to level of sun damage using next-generation sequencing. This project is still in process. At this point, primers have been designed to be used in concert with Illumina, Inc.’s extension-ligation system to target a total of 59,547bp within the aforementioned genes, and sequencing of an initial cohort of patient samples has been completed with a total sequence size of 1.54E11bp with 72.26% high-quality sequence. Ongoing work of sequence analysis will quantify the mutation burden in these samples and correlate these results to skin cancer history.
Reef shark declines in remote atolls highlight the need for multi-faceted conservation action

1. The decline of large-bodied predatory species in the oceans is a concern both from a sustainability perspective and because such species can have important ecological roles. Sharks are particularly vulnerable to fishing as their life histories are characterized by late age at maturity, large body size, and low fecundity. 2. Substantial shark population declines have been documented for a number of coastal and pelagic systems, with high population abundance limited to a few remote locations. The relative abundance and composition of reef shark populations are assessed from 1975 to 2006 at a remote, largely uninhabited, group of atolls in the central Indian Ocean; the Chagos Archipelago. 3. Number of sharks observed per scientific dive declined from a mean of 4.2 in the 1970s to 0.4 in 2006, representing a decline of over 90%. Silvertip sharks displayed an increase in abundance from 1996, whereas blacktip and whitetip reef sharks were rarely encountered in 2006. 4. Poaching in the archipelago, is the most likely cause of these declines, highlighted by a number of illegal vessels containing large numbers of sharks arrested since 1996. The data highlight that shark populations, even in remote, otherwise pristine, marine areas, are vulnerable to distant fishing fleets, and a range of strategies will need to be used in concert for their conservation. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fuzzy Clustering of Sequential Data

— With the increase in popularity of the Internet and the advancement of technology in the fields like bioinformatics and other scientific communities the amount of sequential data is on the increase at a tremendous rate. With this increase, it has become inevitable to mine useful information from this vast amount of data. The mined information can be used in various spheres; from day to day web activities like the prediction of next web pages, serving better advertisements, to biological areas like genomic data analysis etc. A rough set based clustering of sequential data was proposed by Kumar et al recently. They defined and used a measure, called Sequence and Set Similarity Measure to determine similarity in data. However, we have observed that this measure does not reflect some important characteristics of sequential data. As a result, in this paper, we used the fuzzy set technique to introduce a similarity measure, which we termed as Kernel and Set Similarity Measure to find the similarity of sequential data and generate overlapping clusters. For this purpose, we used exponential string kernels and Jaccard's similarity index. The new similarity measure takes an account of the order of items in the sequence as well as the content of the sequential pattern. In order to compare our algorithm with that of Kumar et al, we used the MSNBC data set from the UCI repository, which was also used in their paper. As far as our knowledge goes, this is the first fuzzy clustering algorithm for sequential data.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Hand-Washing among Dentists and Dental Students in Riyadh City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Introduction Hands of health care providers have been a major resource of pathogens that may cause clinical infections [1]. The hand considered to be the most infectious part of the body [2], because the blood can be trapped within the finger-nail up to 5 days [3]. Hand hygiene is the most important way to prevent crosstransmission of microorganisms and to reduce the spread of infections [4-6]. In central Europe, alcohol based hand rubs are the first choice because they have been found to achieve a better antimicrobial activity compared to detergent based antiseptics. In contrast, hand washing with medicated soap is practiced most frequently in the United States [7]. Hand rubbing with an alcohol based, waterless hand antiseptic seems to be the best method of increasing compliance with hand hygiene [8]. New studies have shown a significant impact in compliance after the introduction of hand rubbing as a substation for handwashing with soap and water [9,10].
Effect of the Management Tool for Daily Life Performance on Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective Cardiovascular diseases cause psychological symptoms, such as depression and anxiety. Symptoms of depression have a major effect on patients and worsen prognosis as a result of reduced quality of life and decreased levels of physical activity. Because cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has physical, mental, and secondary preventative effects, it is necessary to evaluate the psychological factors of patients and to provide patients with psychological support based on the results. The management tool for daily life performance (MTDLP) was developed in 2006 by the Japanese Association of Occupational Therapists. Since then, its effectiveness for patients with cerebrovascular diseases and bone fractures has been verified. However, no randomized controlled trial has been conducted on the effectiveness of interventions using MTDLP on patients with cardiovascular diseases. Methods We examined the effectiveness of intervention using MTDLP on patients undergoing outpatient CR. Thirty-six patients who scored at least 48 on the self-rating depression scale (SDS) were included in the study. Eighteen patients were allocated to both the CR and MTDLP groups. The SDS, Barthel index, Frenchay Activities Index (FAI), and Life-Space Assessment were evaluated as outcome measures. Results The CR group (n=14) showed significantly improved post-intervention scores on the SDS (P=0.007). Furthermore, the MTDLP group (n=11) showed significantly improved post-intervention scores on the SDS (P=0.010) and FAI (P=0.003). Conclusions CR improves depression, whereas additional intervention using MTDLP improves not only depression but also various daily activities. Consequently, intervention using MTDLP in CR appears to be effective.
Antioxidant potential and anticancer activity of young ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) grown under different CO2 concentration

In the present study, leaves and rhizomes extract from two Malaysian young ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) varieties namely: Halia Bentong and Halia Bara grown under ambient (400 μmol/mol) and elevated (800 μmol/mol) CO2 concentrations were studied for their antioxidant and in vitro anticancer activities against two human cancer cell lines (MCF–7 and MDA–MB–231). Antioxidant activities in both varieties determined using thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assays increased significantly with increasing CO2 concentration from 400 to 800 μmol/mol. High antioxidant activity was observed in the rhizomes of Halia Bara grown under elevated CO2 concentration. The results showed that CO2 enriched Halia Bara exhibited the highest anticancer activity on MCF–7 cancer cells with IC50 values of 25.3 and 27.31 µg/ml respectively for rhizomes and leaves extract. IC50 values for MDA–MB–231 exhibition were 30 and 32.81 µg/ml, respectively for rhizomes extract of Halia Bara and Halia Bentong. Results showed that Halia Bentong and Halia Bara possessed anticancer and antiradical properties especially when grown under elevated CO2concentration. Antioxidant activities of ginger leaves and rhizomes could be increased or improved by using CO2 enrichment in a controlled environment condition. Results also implied that these ginger varieties could be employed in ethno-medicine for the management of cancerous diseases. Key words: Thiobarbituric acid assays, CO2 enrichment, Halia Bentong, Halia Bara, breast cancer cell, MCF–7, MDA–MB–231.
Availability optimization of consistency and availability-based micro-service systems through elastic scheduling of container resources

The availability of consistency (C) and availability (A)-based micro-service systems is low when both consistency and partition tolerance (P) are satisfied. Considering the low resource occupation and fast supply of containers, this paper puts forward an approach to optimize the availability of CP micro-service systems based on the elastic scheduling of container resources, and sets up a prediction model of response time using the cascade queuing system. Then, the author determined whether to relax, restrict or maintain the container resource in light of the conformity of the response time. Finally, the proposed optimization approach was verified through experiments. The results show that a 2~3s-long adaptation period is needed for the approach under abrupt load changes, and the response time can be accurately predicted to ensure the system availability in the other cases. RÉSUMÉ. La disponibilité des systèmes de micro-service basés sur la cohérence (C) et la disponibilité (A) est faible lorsque la cohérence et la tolérance de partition (P) sont satisfaites. Compte tenu de la faible occupation des ressources et de l'approvisionnement rapide de conteneurs, cet article propose une approche visant à optimiser la disponibilité des systèmes de micro-service CP basés sur la planification élastique des ressources de conteneur et établit un modèle de prévision du temps de réponse à l'aide du système de mise en file d'attente en cascade. Ensuite, l’auteur a déterminé s’il fallait assouplir, restreindre ou maintenir la ressource du conteneur compte tenu de la conformité du temps de réponse. Enfin, l'approche d'optimisation proposée a été vérifiée par des expériences. Les résultats montrent qu’une période d’adaptation de 2 à 3 secondes est nécessaire pour l’approche lors de changements brusques de la charge et que le temps de réponse peut être prédit avec précision pour garantir la disponibilité du système dans les autres cas.
Nitrogen budget and fluxes in Colossoma macropomum ponds

This study quantified the accumulation of nitrogen (N) in the water column, sediments, fish and seepage water during a production cycle of Colossoma macropomum. By combining estimates of the deposition rates of uneaten feed, faeces and dead phytoplankton with measurements of N accumulation in the sediment, the rate of decomposition of organic matter in the sediment was estimated. The first-order rate constant for organic matter decomposition was 0.237±0.019 day1. Total N recovery during the first weeks of the experiment was about 65%. Later, the N recovery was close to 100%. The cumulative recovery at the end of the experiment was almost 100%, meaning that the N budget in the system studied can be fully explained without consideration of N volatilization, due to either denitrification or ammonia volatilization. In the beginning of the growth cycle, the major flux of N was sedimentation. Intensive microbial degradation process occurred about 34 weeks later, leading to a release of inorganic N and an approach towards a steady state as to the accumulation of organic N. Feed was irregularly applied during the experiment but fish growth was constant, showing that the fish utilized detrital or planktonic feed during periods of low feeding. Nitrogen accumulated in the pond during periods of excessive feeding and was utilized by the fish during periods of low feeding. This cycling should be further studied and may be an important pond management technique
Musical literacy

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The Evolution of the 1/f Range within a Single Fast-solar-wind Stream between 17.4 and 45.7 Solar Radii

The power spectrum of magnetic field fluctuations in the fast solar wind (V SW > 500 km s−1) at magnetohydrodynamic scales is characterized by two different power laws on either side of a break frequency f b. The low-frequency range at frequencies f smaller than f b is often viewed as the energy reservoir that feeds the turbulent cascade at f > f b. At heliocentric distances r exceeding 60 solar radii (R s), the power spectrum often has a 1/f scaling at f < f b, i.e., the spectral index is close to −1. In this study, measurements from the Parker Solar Probe's Encounter 10 with the Sun are used to investigate the evolution of the magnetic field power spectrum at f < f b at r < 60 R s during a fast radial scan of a single fast-solar-wind stream. We find that the spectral index in the low-frequency part of the spectrum decreases from approximately −0.61 to −0.94 as r increases from 17.4 to 45.7 R s. Our results suggest that the 1/f spectrum that is often seen at large r in the fast solar wind is not produced at the Sun, but instead develops dynamically as the wind expands outward from the corona into the interplanetary medium.
Recovering independence for patients with lumbar disc treated surgically

Introduction: The study is about the process of recovering independence after disease. The determinant of the independence is the ability of the patient to self-care which is described as daily performed actions to maintain function and development. The research is based on analysis of the criteria that help determine the condition of the patient before and after the procedure. These criteria describe the independence of the patient. Aim of the study: The purpose of the study was the analysis of selected factors that affect recovery of independence in patients with lumbar disc disease treated surgically and the assessment of their self-reliance based on selected criteria. Material and methods: The study was conducted in 60 patients which undergone the surgical procedure due to discopathy in the lumbar section of the spine in The Norbert Barlicki University Clinical Hospital in Lodz. There were 32 women and 28 men in the age range 18-84 years. The assessment of independence was based on questionnaires made by the authors of the study. Adres do korespondencji: Katarzyna Olczak Zakład Teorii Pielęgniarstwa i Umiejętności w Pielęgniarstwie Katedra Nauczania Pie lęgniarstwa Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi ul. Jaracza 63, 90-251 Łódź, Polska, tel. 691 293 979 e-mail: katarzyna.olczak@office365.umed. pl PrZesŁaNe: 10.05. 2018 aKcePTacJa: 29.07. 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ppiel.2018. 78871 Zakład Teorii Pielęgniarstwa i Umiejętności w Pielęgniarstwie, Katedra Nauczania Pielęgniarstwa, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi, Polska Department of Theory of Nursing and skills in Nursing, chair of Teaching of Nursing, Medical University of Lodz, Poland Authors’ contribution | Wkład autorów: a. study design/planning | zaplanowanie badań • B. Data collection/entry | zebranie danych • c. Data analysis/statistics | dane – analiza i statystyki • D. Data interpretation | interpretacja danych • e. Preparation of manuscript | przygotowanie artykułu • F. Literature analysis/search | wyszukiwanie i analiza literatury • G. Funds collection | zebranie funduszy
The EU CAP-reform of 2003 and its consequences for German beef farmers

Beef production in Europe is among the sectors most affected by the recent CAP-reform. German beef production is mainly based on intensive bull finishing with origin from the dairy herd. The implementation of the CAP-reform varies widely between the member states and the German government opted for a full decoupling of payments and a ‘dynamic hybrid payment model’. The historical, individual farm based Singe Farm Payments (SFP) are gradually converted into homogeneous, regionalised acreage payments for both cropland and grassland in the period 010 to 01 . The impact of the CAP-reform is shown for two example farms, both sourced from the typical farm sample of the agri benchmark project. The farm income of the intensive beef finisher in West Germany decreases dramatically over the adjustment period whereas the farm income of the extensive suckler-cow farm in East Germany increases slightly when compared with the Baseline scenario representing the pre-reform Agenda 000 policy framework. The main reason is that the increasing acreage payments for the cropland does not compensate for the ‘loss’ of the individual SFP of the intensive finisher whereas the newly introduced grassland premium for the grassland farm compensates the ‘loss’ of the individual SFP. Rising rent prices will, however, reduce the future farm income. Based on these findings, farm strategies for a number of intensive finishers were identified, specified and analysed in cooperation with farmers and their advisor. From an income point of view, the stop farming strategy was unfavourable unless surplus family labour can be used in the local labour market. For most of the farms, the moderate growth scenario proved more favourable and superior to the strong growth scenarios. This conclusion was supported when including risk in the analysis. The moderate growth scenario showed among the highest income expectations and the lowest probabilities for making a loss.
Anwendung von Fischzellkulturen in der Meeresforschung

A large number of chemical pollutants can be found in the marine environment. So it is necessary to obtain informations about the toxic effects of this contaminant mixtures in general and especially on single cell level. We used an organic extract of a marine sediment from the North Sea to investigate its cyto- and genotoxicity with an in vitro system, the comet assay or single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). The comet assay can be applied for estimating genotoxic effects of chemicals on single cell level. First results confirm the sensitivity of this assay and its applicability in assessing genotoxic load in environmental samples. A permant cell line, the EPC (Ephithelioma papulosum cyprini) was used for the experiments. It was possible to demonstrate the suitability of this in vitro test system for assessing genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of marine sediment extracts on EPC cells.
Effects of increased habitat complexity on fish assemblages associated with large artificial reef units (French Mediterranean coast)

Large artificial reef units (LARUs; 158 m 3 ) comprise 38% of 40 000 m 3 of artificial reefs deployed in France since 1985. Habitat complexity of one LARU was increased in situ in 1991 when 37 m 3 of small-sized building materials was placed randomly inside the empty chambers. The fish fauna, before and after added complexity, was compared with the fauna of an unmodified control LARU through 1987–1989 and 1997–1998, respectively, by visual censuses. The experimental LARU showed higher values of all community metrics investigated after treatment: total species richness had become twice as high, mean number of species per census 3 times higher, density 10 times, and biomass 40 times higher. Exceptionally large increases were observed among commercially important species such as sparids. In contrast, few changes were observed at the control unit: species richness had not changed significantly, while density and biomass showed moderate increases by a factor of 2–3, which might be explained by reef maturation. The results confirm the prominent role of habitat complexity in relation to artificial reef design on diversity and abundance of fish assemblages.
Three-phase voltage-fed quasi-Z-source AC-AC converter

The paper proposes a novel three-phase voltage-fed quasi-Z-source ac-ac converter topology to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional three-phase AC-AC chopper. The quantitative relationship between the output voltage and duty-ratio is deduced by investigating the topology and operating principle. It can provide buck-boost function, and the output voltage of the circuit can keep stable in the case of voltage sagging. Simulation is performed using the MATLAB software, and the experimental circuit is built based on the simulation results, the simulation and experimental results verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed ac-ac converter topology.