Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Software Reliability Growth Model with Partial Differential Equation for Various Debugging Processes

Most Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs) based on the Nonhomogeneous Poisson Process (NHPP) generally assume perfect or imperfect debugging. However, environmental factors introduce great uncertainty for SRGMs in the development and testing phase. We propose a novel NHPP model based on partial differential equation (PDE), to quantify the uncertainties associated with perfect or imperfect debugging process. We represent the environmental uncertainties collectively as a noise of arbitrary correlation. Under the new stochastic framework, one could compute the full statistical information of the debugging process, for example, its probabilistic density function (PDF). Through a number of comparisons with historical data and existing methods, such as the classic NHPP model, the proposed model exhibits a closer fitting to observation. In addition to conventional focus on the mean value of fault detection, the newly derived full statistical information could further help software developers make decisions on system maintenance and risk assessment.
Tasks matter: modeling group task processes in experimental CSCW research

The authors present a model of how individuals process tasks in a group setting. They review the literature on tasks and integrate this literature in the context of experimental collaborative group work. The bulk of the task literature suggests that a workable and valid classification system must be built both on characteristics that are innate to a task and on characteristics of the task performer. Based on this framework, plus work done by J.R. Hackman (1969), a model of group task processing is proposed. As part of this model, a relatively unused type of task called a hidden profile task is documented and contrasted with other tasks which have been used in computer-supported group research. Hidden profile tasks have much to offer group laboratory research; these tasks distribute task relevant information among group members to induce heterogeneity within the group. The authors argue that the use of hidden profile tasks in laboratory research will help to close the gap between field and laboratory research since groups in field settings generally come together with heterogeneous information and perspectives. <<ETX>>
A low power-noise output driver with an adaptive characteristic applicable to a wide range of loading conditions

Semicustom IC design methodologies often assume a wide range of operating conditions. This requirement makes designing output drivers very difficult, as output ringing due to overdriving cannot be avoided. This problem becomes more tricky when power noise due to simultaneous switching of many output drivers at very high speed is also considered. A new output driver is proposed that adopts an innovative feedback mechanism to achieve an adaptive characteristic so that its performance will not vary under different loading conditions. The driver is also low in power noise as it works with a principle similar to a controlled slew rate output driver. Measurement from a test chip substantiates all those claims.
Differentially-shielded monolithic inductors

Differential shielding reduces substrate losses and improves the Q-factor of a monolithic inductor on silicon by up to 35% without process modification or a patterned ground shield. Peak Qs of 32 for 4 /spl mu/m thick aluminum and 28 for 2.3 /spl mu/m thick copper metals are demonstrated on 10 /spl Omega/-cm substrates for a 7.7 nH test inductor. The differential shield fulfills all existing metal density requirements, and a compact circuit model is presented that agrees within 8% of measurement.
Blog on Socio-Political Vocabulary as a New Reference Tool

The purpose of this paper is to define the socio-political vocabulary, its peculiarities and lexicographic ways of its registration. On the basis of the previous lexicographic analysis of Russian and foreign dictionaries registering words of socio-political sphere (of over 40 reference books, monolingual (Russian and English) and bilingual (English-Russian) the general tendencies and traditions of such description are stated. The Russian user's survey proved the demand in bilingual dictionary of socio-political vocabulary with the Russian students learning English. The blog on such lexis will meet their requirements and expectations as it will provide the authentic texts in English and Russian, the vocabulary on the specified issue with detailed description (translation equivalent with additional comment on its semantics; cultural note; illustrative examples; collocations), message option and forum opportunities. The ideas are illustrated by examples. The blog is easily accessible by the students and involves them in the process of creation and updating.
Chinese Chunking with Large Margin Method

Chinese chunking plays an important role in natural language processing. This paper presents a large margin method for Chinese chunking based on structural SVMs (support vector machines). First, a sequence labeling model and the formulation of the learning problem are introduced for Chinese chunking problem, and then the cutting plane algorithm is applied to efficiently approximate the optimal solution of the optimization problem. Finally, an improved F1 loss function is proposed to tackle Chinese chunking. The loss function can scale the F1 loss value to the length of the sentence to adjust the margin accordingly, leading to more effective constraint inequalities. Experiments are conducted on UPENN Chinese Treebank-4 (CTB4), and the hamming loss function is compared with the improved F1 loss function. The experimental results show that the training algorithm with the improved F1 loss function can achieve higher performance than the Hamming loss function. The overall F1 score of Chinese chunking obtained with this approach is 91.61%, which is higher than the performance produced by the
Using NCBI BLAST

BLAST is the most widely used software in bioinformatics research. Its main function is to compare a sequence of interest, the query sequence, to sequences in a large database. BLAST then reports the best matches, or “hits,” found in the database. This simple program has two primary applications. First, if the function of the query sequence is unknown, it may be possible to infer its function based on the recognized functions of similar sequences. Second, if the researcher has a query sequence with a known function, it may be possible to identify sequences in the database that have similar functions. The utility of BLAST therefore depends on the researcher's choice of query sequence and database. An appreciation for the functions and limitations of BLAST are vital to using this program effectively. This unit will introduce the basic concepts behind BLAST, walk through BLAST searching protocols, and interpret common results. Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 8:11.1. 1‐11.1. 35. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
N-(2-Fluorophenyl)carbamic acid monohydrate

In the crystal structure of the title complex, C7H6FNO2·H2O, intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are present; inter­molecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯F hydrogen bonds result in the formation of a supra­molecular network.
Real World Edutainment Based on Flexible Game Story

Real World Edutainment (RWE) is story- game-based learning in the real world, which aims at increasing learning motivation. In RWE, learners can learn through interacting with real objects and human based on a game (learning) story, referring to digital learning materials presented on a handheld computer. In this study, in order to improve flexibility of the game story, we extended the RWE system by implementing the functions of branched game story interpreter, etc. Then, we designed a flexible game story for learning disaster prevention and considered its advantages.
Using social media to create a participatory library service: an Australian study

Public libraries are increasingly using social media in an attempt to meet users in their own spaces. Social media can be useful when used to create a participatory library service emphasising engagement with users. However, there has been little empirical investigation into the success of social media use by public libraries. This article reports on the findings of a research project that explored the use of social media by Australian public libraries. Two organisations participated in case studies that involved interviews, document analysis, and social media observation. To contextualise the use of social media in the case study organisations, a sub-study was undertaken involving observation of an additional 24 public libraries across Australia. This article focuses on the findings from the observation sub-study. It presents and applies a methodology for classifying social media content to determine whether the sample libraries’ social media use is indicative of a participatory approach to service delivery. This article explores how a range of social media platforms are used by the sample libraries and considers what best practice in participatory library service looks like. The two case study organisations’ use of social media is highlighted as exemplary practice.
IEEE Standard for Terminology and Test Methods for Analog-to-Digital Converters

The design process will be affected in several ways. Without careful attention, the ADC interfacing could produce substandard results. Additional devices such as terminators, attenuators, and delay lines may need to be added to match signal levels and to provide signal isolation. The standard will also help incorporate evaluation considerations and test methods into the design and implementation processes.
HAND GESTURES AND HAND MOVEMENT RECOGNITION FOR MULTIMEDIA PLAYER CONTROL

This report explains all the computer vision techniques used in order to extract all the information that will distinguish one hand gesture from another hand gestures. It will also explain how the movement of the user’s hand has been translated into an application. The final purpose of this works is to design and implement a computer vision system to use for controlling a multimedia player. It is shown how all the information obtained from the images is going to be interpreted. Another important point in this report is the profile system used to make the user the application easier to use.
Moving object segmentation from video sequences: an edge approach

This paper presents an automatic algorithm for segmenting and extracting moving objects suitable for indoor and outdoor video applications, where the background scene can be captured beforehand. Since edge detection is often used to extract accurate boundaries of the image's objects, the first step in our algorithm is accomplished by combining two edge maps that are detected from the frames difference and background subtraction. After removing edge points that belong to the background, the resulting moving edge map is fed to the object extraction step. A fundamental task in this step is to declare the candidates of the moving object, followed by applying morphological operations. The algorithm is implemented on different kinds of video sequences and good segmentation results are achieved.
A novel high density contactless flash memory array using split-gate sources-side-injection cell for 5 V-only applications

A high density 5 V-only flash memory array with sector erase mode is presented. It features a new triple poly split-gate source-side-injection cell in a contactless array to achieve small cell size, high programming efficiency, high cell current with no over-erase concerns. The array design and its operating conditions in various modes are discussed. Various disturb reduction techniques, array performance and speed improvement schemes are presented. <<ETX>>
THE ELETTRA OBJECT-ORIENTED FRAMEWORK FOR HIGH LEVEL SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

The new framework developed at ELETTRA is used to build model based accelerator control programs. The framework is fully object-oriented and has been designed following the UML methodology. The functions and responsibilities of the system are distributed among different modules, forming a hierarchy of layers of increasing level of abstraction. The system is fully distributed and is based on the CORBA distributed object model. All the design is based on accepted standards, so that it can be ported to different platforms. The parts of the software depending on specific features of the underlying environment are encapsulated and hidden by means of wrapper objects. The full architecture and design processes are presented in detail.
A flexible motion-vector estimation chip for real-time video codecs

The implementation of a versatile full-search block-matching motion estimation chip is described. This chip calculates a motion vector for a block, with a block size of 8*8, 16*16, or 32*32, and outputs the minimum block difference and the block difference of no motion. This chip is one of the most computationally intensive building modules in a video codec. A novel data flow design is reviewed, which allows sequential inputs and performs parallel processing with 100% efficiency. Implementation of this chip is targeted at high performance for real-time video compression. An optimization of the processing elements was performed using pipeline architecture to reduce the cycle time. Each comparison performed in the comparator module was distributed into two cycles to avoid speed bottleneck. Testing circuitry was included to reduce the huge testing patterns. The implementation was carried out by using 1 mu m CMOS technology. Simulation showed that 30 MHz operation can be achieved. <<ETX>>
Too Many Varied User Requirements for Digital Humanities Projects

The development of tools plays an important role in the Digital Humanities. With the increasing quantities of digitised as well as born-digital source material, computational tools have become available for exploring, analysing and enriching this material. While many tools have been and are being developed, adoption by the target-audience, i.e. humanities scholars, does not always reach its potential (Warwick, Terras, Huntington, & Pappa, 2007). In order to create tools that will be adopted by scholars, development should take into account the practices and conventions adhered to in subdisciplines of the humanities (Kemman, Scagliola, de Jong, & Ordelman, 2014). Collaboration between scholars and computer scientists/technology specialists is therefore a vital aspect of Digital Humanities research and development. This approach of focusing on the users, actively involving them during development and evaluating designs is known as user-centred (systems) design (Gulliksen et al., 2003). One of the tasks of this approach is to uncover the needs and wishes of the user group, commonly referred to as user requirements. Asking users for their requirements leads to a multitude of ideas; some of these are relevant, while others are out-of-scope of the project. However, the assumed ability of targeted users to voice their needs and wishes is met with scepticism in literature. Users supposedly don’t know what they want, and cannot predict their own future behaviour (Nielsen, 2001). Moreover, innovation is said to be driven by focusing on new technology, even though people don’t yet need such technology, nor have a clear use case for it (Norman, 2010). Therefore, our research question is: do humanities scholars know what they want from computational tools? This paper will address this question by discussing the user requirements elicitation of two Digital Humanities projects, PoliMedia and Oral History Today and investigates which requirements can be considered out-of-scope given the aim of both projects. This paper is structured as follows: first, we will introduce the research projects and their scopes. Second, we will explain how users were involved in these projects to voice their needs and wishes. Third, we will review the user requirements that were collected and how these were determined to be relevant or out-of-scope. Finally, we will discuss what we learned from the user requirements that were out-of-scope, and how we addressed the lessons learned in a third Digital Humanities project, Talk of Europe.
A computational exploration of rounding algorithms for the multiway cut problem

The goal of the multiway cut problem is to find a minimum-cost set of edges whose removal disconnects a certain set of k distinguished vertices in a graph. Calinescu, Karloff, and Rabani gave a geometric relaxation of the multiway cut problem and a rounding scheme that yield an approximation algorithm for the problem that has an approximation ratio of 3/2 1/k. In subsequent work, Karger, Klein, Stein, Thorup and Young improved the approximation ratio of the algorithm by using different rounding schemes, which they found through the assistance of computational experiments. Their rounding schemes are based on a single class of partitions of the k-simplex. We extend their computational experiments by introducing additional types of partitions of the 4-simplex. Our experimental results suggest that an optimal rounding scheme for k > 3 cannot be defined purely in terms of the partitions of the simplex that Karger et al. studied. Furthermore, we specify a rounding scheme for k = 4 that improves upon the best approximation ratio for which an analytic proof has been given. Thesis Supervisor: David R. Karger Title: Associate Professor
OpenANFV

The resources of dedicated accelerators (e.g. FPGA) are still required to bridge the gap between software-based Middleboxs(MBs) and the commodity hardware. To consolidate various hardware resources in an elastic, programmable and reconfigurable manner, we design and build a flexible and consolidated framework, OpenANFV, to support virtualized accelerators for MBs in the cloud environment. OpenANFV is seamlessly and efficiently put into Openstack to provide high performance on top of commodity hardware to cope with various virtual function requirements. OpenANFV works as an independent component to manage and virtualize the acceleration resources (e.g. cinder manages block storage resources and nova manages computing resources). Specially, OpenANFV mainly has the following three features. (1)Automated Management. Provisioning for multiple Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) is automated to meet the dynamic requirements of NFV environment. Such automation alleviates the time pressure of the complicated provisioning and configuration as well as reduces the probability of manually induced configuration errors. (2) Elasticity. VNFs are created, migrated, and destroyed on demand in real time. The reconfigurable hardware resources in pool can rapidly and flexibly offload the corresponding services to the accelerator platform in the dynamic NFV environment. (3) Coordinating with Openstack. The design and implementation of the OpenANFV APIs coordinate with the mechanisms in Openstack to support required virtualized MBs for multiple tenants.
A genetic approach to qualitative temporal reasoning with constraints

Temporal reasoning is an area of artificial intelligence, very important to many applications. A structure largely used to describe the qualitative temporal information is Allen's interval-based calculus. Inference in the full calculus is NP-hard, therefore some heuristic techniques are needed to solve this problem. A genetic algorithm that achieves a low computational time cost for hard instances of temporal constraint networks is presented.
Design of FIR multirate filter banks using convex optimization

For a uniform filter bank, FIR synthesis filters are designed to minimize the worst-case energy gain (/spl Hscr//sub /spl infin// norm) of the error system between the filter bank and some pure time-delay system. Finite-dimensional convex optimization is used, which guarantees global optimality to any desired accuracy. The numerical method has the advantage of easy incorporation of design tradeoffs among filter length, reconstruction error, and reconstruction delay.
Fast Retrieval Of Unstructured Documents By Using Meta Data And Hierarchical Clustering

Several annotation systems let only “un typed” keyword annotation. For illustration, a user may interpret a weather report using a tag. There are several application domains where users make and contribute to information, news blogs, scientific networks, social networking groups, or disaster management networks. Present information sharing tools ,like content management software e.g., Microsoft Share-Point, allow users to share documents and annotate (tag)them in an ad hoc way. Likewise, Google Base allows users to describe attributes for their objects or decide from pre defined templates. This annotation process can make easy following information discovery. In our situation the author produces a new document and uploads it to the ordnance. We put forward Collaborative Adaptive Data Sharing platform (CADS) which is an “annotate-as-you create” communications that construct simplefield data annotation.
Performance analysis of a double-dwell serial search technique for cellular CDMA networks in the case of multiple pilot signals

The performance of a double-dwell serial search technique is analyzed for cellular code-division multiple-access (CDMA) networks in the case of multiple pilot signals. A general expression for the mean acquisition time is obtained by considering the multiple H/sub 1/ regions formed by the pilot signals coming from different base stations. The statistics of the demodulator output in code acquisition systems are discussed in detail for synchronous cellular CDMA networks with a focus on the nonstationarity of the interference in the forward link. The probabilities of detection and false alarm are then derived for frequency-selective Rayleigh fading environments in the case where the interference can be approximated by a stationary Gaussian noise process. Numerical evaluations are performed to examine the effects of decision thresholds, postdetection integration, fading rate, and so on, with emphasis on the case where the mobile station is located around the cell boundary.
Towards open type functions for Haskell

We report on an extension of Haskell with type(-level) functions and equality constraints. We illustrate their usefulness in the context of phantom types, GADTs and type classes. Problems in the context of type checking are identified and we sketch our solution: a decidable type checking algorithm for a restricted class of type functions. Moreover, functional dependencies are now obsolete: we show how they can be encoded as type functions. This paper is submitted to the Implementing Functional Languages workshop, Sept 2007 (IFL07).
Spread spectrum multiple access performance of orthogonal codes in fading multipath channels

Indoor wireless communications (IWC) is an attractive alternative to wire-based local area networks. However, the indoor environment is characterized by fading multipath channels. Direct-sequence spread-spectrum techniques, with their inherent resistance to multipaths, are promising for IWC. To allow multiple users within a limited bandwidth, code division multiple access (CDMA) is needed. The authors analyze one relevant CDMA technique. A set of M-orthogonal sequences of length N is assigned to each of K users. The sequences consist of phase-modulated signals on the same carrier frequency. The bandwidth efficiency achieved over fading multipath channels is the presence of additive white Gaussian noise and multiple-access interference is determined. <<ETX>>