Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship between Juhász-Nagy's information theory functions and the log-linear contingency table analysis

Spatial pattern of the vegetation, due to its complexity, cannot be described by ad hoc indices. It requires a solid methodological basis, which can describe different levels of patterns (patterns of populations, coalitions and whole community) in the same framework. There are two methods, which seem to be appropriate for this purpose: Juhasz-Nagy’s information theory functions and log-linear contingency table analysis. This paper shows that from mathematical point of view they are close relatives. The main advantage of Juhasz-Nagy’s approach that it is developed to describe spatial pattern of the vegetation, therefore biological meaning of the functions is a central part of the approach. Whereas log-linear contingency table analysis is a general statistical method without any special (biological) meaning of terms. On the other hand, it is a well-known statistical method, while most of the biologists are unfamiliar in information theory. The relationship between these two approaches makes it possible to hybridise their advantages.
Brief Description of Artificial Neuron

: This paper represents the literature survey on artificial neural network. Artificial neural network is classified as one of the most dynamic research. Artificial neural network is developed with the aim of studying and simulating the behaviour of biological neuron. It is nothing but interconnection of artificial neurons. It is represented as simplified model of human brain. Hence it solves problem like a human brain. It is a data modeling tool that captures and represent input and output. It is also an adaptive system that changes its structure according to desire output. This can be used in different applications like robotics, security military and many more.
Video analysis platform

1. Abstract In this article we present the Video Analysis Platform (VAP) which is an open source software framework for video analysis, processing and description. The main goals of VAP are: to provide a multiplatform system which allows the easy implementation of video algorithms, provide structures and algorithms for the segmentation of video data in its different levels of abstraction: shots, frames, objects, regions, etc, permit the generation and comparison of MPEG7-like descriptors, and develop testing applications for shot detection, shot matching, object segmentation and tracking, etc.
Directed Search on the Job and the Wage Ladder

We model a labor market where employed workers search on the job and firms direct workers' search using wage offers and employment probabilities. Applicants observe all offers and face a trade-off between wage and employment probability. There is wage dispersion among workers, even though all workers and jobs are homogeneous. Equilibrium wages form a ladder, as workers optimally choose to climb the ladder one rung at a time. This is because low-wage applicants are relatively more sensitive to employment probability than to wage and thus forgo the opportunity to apply for a high wage, with a lower chance of success.
SERVICE RELIABILITY IN THE CLOUD OF DATA CENTERS UNDER OPENSTACK

University ITMO (ifmo.ru) is developing the cloud of geographically distributed data centers under Openstack. The term “geographically distributed” in our proposal means data centers (DC) located in different places far from each other at least by many tens of kilometers. Authors follow the conception of “dark” DC, i.e. the DC has to perform normal operation without permanent maintainers even with minor problems (single machine or a number of disk drives went down). In such “dark” DC the staff might visit DC if required to fix appeared problems. Authors describe thoughts and experiments with service reliability for cloud of DCs under Openstack.
Are pitch variation cues indispensable to distinguish vocal emotions?

Pitch variation (e.g., pitch movement and range) has been proved to be one of the most important cues in encoding and distinguishing emotions in speech. However, it has been found that pitch variation could be restricted due to the existence of lexical tones in Mandarin, resulting in the failure of distinguishing emotions through pitch variation cues. Based on this finding, we conducted both production and perception experiments to explore whether pitch variation cues were indispensable for listeners to identify emotions. Results of the production experiment demonstrated that there was no significant effect of Emotion on pitch variation cues in T1 group (all high level tone sequences) in Mandarin, suggesting that in some case, pitch variation may not be effective for encoding emotions. However, results of the perception experiment confirmed that the identification rates of emotions among five tone groups had no significant differences. Therefore, we posit that listeners may not always use pitch variation cues to identify emotions in speech. There might be a gap between the analyzed prosodic cues in the production experiment and the cues used by listeners.
De novo focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and kidney hypertrophy associated with progressive obesity after kidney transplantation

Background: Obesity is an important problem associated with worsening cardiovascular disease and the progression of proteinuria in kidney transplant recipients. We describe a case of de novo focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) associated with progressive obesity after kidney transplantation (KTx). Case Presentation: A 41-year-old male patient underwent an allograft kidney biopsy because of nephrotic range proteinuria. The donor was his father who was aged 70 years at transplantation. In addition, there was a substantial difference in body weight (BW) between the recipient and donor. At 56 months after kidney transplantation, the patient’s BW increased from 83.1 kg (BMI, 29.3 kg/m2 ) before kidney transplantation to 93.9 kg (BMI, 33.1 kg/m2 ). An allograft biopsy showed glomerular hypertrophy and focal segmental sclerotic lesions with partial epithelial cell hyperplasia. The histologic diagnosis was FSGS, not otherwise specified (NOS) variant. A comparison between the kidney volume before and after kidney transplantation, evaluated using volumetric computed tomography, revealed prominent kidney hypertrophy (1.77 times). Conclusions: Our case demonstrated that de novo FSGS after kidney transplantation is induced by progressive obesity, as manifested by glomerular hypertrophy as well as kidney hypertrophy. This is a hyperdynamic state contributed to the pathogenesis of de novo FSGS. Our report is important to understand the pathogenesis of FSGS.
Natural Pupil Size and Ocular Aberration under Binocular and Monocular Conditions

Purpose: To investigate how activity of natural pupils under binocular and monocular conditions affect wave front aberrations. Materials and Methods: Eighteen eyes from 18 subjects (mean age 22.3 ± 0.8 years) were included in the study. The undilated pupil diameters under photopic conditions were measured using the FP-10000 (TMI, Japan) infrared pupillometer. Aberrometry measurements were performed using the KR-9000PW (Topcon, Japan) Hartmann- Shack wavefront sensor. Zernike coefficients were recalculated for the diameters of each pupil under binocular and monocular conditions using Schwiegerling’s algorithm. Multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze independent predictors of the change of higher-order aberration for 6.0 mm from the binocular to the monocular condition. The independent variables were the change of pupil diameter from binocular to monocular condition; binocular pupil diameter; total higher-order aberration for 6.0 mm, sphere, and cylinder. Results: Pupil diameter, total, total higher-order, coma-like, and spherical-like aberrations under monocular conditions were significantly greater than the binocular condition (all P<0.01). The multiple regression of analysis of variables showed that the change of total higher order aberration from the binocular to the monocular condition was related to the change of pupil diameter, and the amount of higher-order aberrations for 6.0 mm (P<0.05). Conclusion: The outcomes suggest that increased pupil diameter under monocular conditions produces higher wavefront aberrations than under binocular conditions, resulting in a degradation of retinal image quality. This effect is enhanced in eyes with greater higher order aberrations and pupil diameter
Unsupervised spectral sub-feature learning for hyperspectral image classification

ABSTRACT Spectral pixel classification is one of the principal techniques used in hyperspectral image (HSI) analysis. In this article, we propose an unsupervised feature learning method for classification of hyperspectral images. The proposed method learns a dictionary of sub-feature basis representations from the spectral domain, which allows effective use of the correlated spectral data. The learned dictionary is then used in encoding convolutional samples from the hyperspectral input pixels to an expanded but sparse feature space. Expanded hyperspectral feature representations enable linear separation between object classes present in an image. To evaluate the proposed method, we performed experiments on several commonly used HSI data sets acquired at different locations and by different sensors. Our experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other pixel-wise classification methods that make use of unsupervised feature extraction approaches. Additionally, even though our approach does not use any prior knowledge, or labelled training data to learn features, it yields either advantageous, or comparable, results in terms of classification accuracy with respect to recent semi-supervised methods.
The Impact of Service Quality on Patient Satisfaction in the Health Care System

Objective: Quality of Care and patient satisfaction are major challenges faced by the healthcare sector in Jordan. This paper aims to study the factors affecting service quality on the Patient Satisfaction from patient’s perspectives in Jordan. Method: Cross Sectional Survey. Population & sample: The study sample consisted of (200) respondents in King Hussein Medical Centre Hospital. Measures: The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS package. Result: The study results revealed that quality of care has an impact on patient satisfaction. Moreover the results indicated that patients are satisfied with quality of care in the hospital. The study recommended that the hospital have to set up criteria for their quality provided for patients, and they are requested to provide sufficient number of qualifies medical staff to deal with the increased number of patients.
An Introduction to Slow Money and its Gandhian Roots

Slow money, or patient nurturing capital directly invested locally in small firms in food and basic industries, is a new term but an old notion. It gains revival in times of crisis, especially after the recent financial crisis, as people search for meaning and a way out of the ruinous effects of uncontrolled capitalism. This article traces the roots of the movement to Gandhian thought. It examines the cases of the CIGALES clubs of microangels in France and the more recent case of the slow money alliance to ferret out the basic principles and strategies of these movements and how they are aligned with Gandhian values.
Split equality fixed point problem for strictly pseudocontractive mappings

In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm for solving the split equality fixed point problem of strictly pseudocontractive mapping in the framework of infinite-dimensional real Hilbert spaces. The strong and weak convergence theorems are obtained. Our results presented in this paper improve and extend some recent corresponding results. Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H09, 47J25
Spatial Dynamics of Contact-Activated Fibrin Clot Formation in vitro and in silico in Haemophilia B: Effects of Severity and Ahemphil B Treatment

Spatial dynamics of fibrin clot formation in non-stirred system activated by glass surface was studied as a function of FIX activity. Haemophilia B plasma was obtained from untreated patients with different levels of FIX deficiency and from severe haemophilia B patient treated with FIX concentrate (Ahemphil B) during its clearance with half-life t1/2=12 hours. As reported previously (Ataullakhanov et al. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 1425: 453-468), clot growth in space showed two distinct phases: activation and propagation. The activation phase is characterized by the time required to start clot growth from the activator, while the characteristic parameter of the propagation phase is the clot elongation rate. This rate reaches steady state in approximately ten minutes after the beginning of growth. In haemophilia B plasma, clot formation is substantially impaired: clot starts to grow from the activating surface later than in healthy donor plasma, and its propagation rate is considerably lower. The most significant abnormalities in clot growth kinetics are observed at FIX activity below 10% of normal. Simulation of these experiments was performed theoretically using a detailed biochemical model (Panteleev et al. Biophys J 2006; 90: 1489-1500) adapted for experimental conditions used. Suitability of the assumptions used to describe triggering contact activation was verified.
Shapes and energies of giant icosahedral fullerenes Onset of ridge sharpening transition

Shapes and energies of icosahedral fullerenes are studied on an atomically detailed level. The numerical results based on the effective binary carbon-carbon potential are related to the theory of elasticity of crystalline membranes with disclinations. Depending on fullerene size, three regimes are clearly identified, each of them characterized by different geometrical properties of the fullerene shape. For extremely large fullerenes (more than about 500 000 atoms), transition of fullerene shapes to their asymptotic limit is detected, in agreement with previous predictions based on generic elastic description of icosahedral shells. Quantum effects related to delocalized electrons on the fullerene surface are discussed and a simple model introduced to study such effects suggests that the transition survives even in more general circumstances. PACS. 68.60. Bs Mechanical and acoustical properties – 61.46. Df Nanoparticles – 46.70. De Beams, plates, and shells – 03.65. Ge Solutions of wave equations: bound states
Comparison of upper limb proprioception in chronic mechanical neck pain patients with age-sex matched healthy normals

: Purpose:Primarily to compare the Upper Limb Proprioception in Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain Patients to Age - Sex MatchedNormals.Method:30 women, 19- 30 years of age were assessed via a digital inclinometer for repositioning error for shoulder, elbow and wrist joints.Results:It was found that there was a difference in upper Limb Proprioception in Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain patients as compared to age sex matched normal individuals.Conclusion:On comparison, individuals with Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain had a statistically significant difference in the shoulder and wrist proprioception as compared to age matched Normals . analyses were done to study the associations between proprioceptive acuity and self-rated functioning and symptoms.The study concluded that patients with whiplash associated disorders have impaired shoulder proprioception. on Subclinical
Scaling effects for piezoelectric energy harvesters

This paper presents a fundamental investigation into scaling effects for the mechanical properties and electrical output power of piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters. The mechanical properties investigated in this paper include resonant frequency of the harvester and its frequency tunability, which is essential for the harvester to operate efficiently under broadband excitations. Electrical output power studied includes cases when the harvester is excited under both constant vibration acceleration and constant vibration amplitude. The energy harvester analysed in this paper is based on a cantilever structure, which is typical of most vibration energy harvesters. Both detailed mathematical derivation and simulation are presented. Furthermore, various piezoelectric materials used in MEMS and non-MEMS harvesters are also considered in the scaling analysis.
Symmetric Linearizations for Matrix

A standard way of treating the polynomial eigenvalue problem P (λ)x = 0 is to convert it into an equivalent matrix pencil—a process known as linearization. Two vector spaces of pencils L1(P ) and L2(P ), and their intersection DL(P ), have recently been defined and studied by Mackey, Mackey, Mehl, and Mehrmann. The aim of our work is to gain new insight into these spaces and the extent to which their constituent pencils inherit structure from P . For arbitrary polynomials we show that every pencil in DL(P ) is block symmetric and we obtain a convenient basis for DL(P ) built from block Hankel matrices. This basis is then exploited to prove that the first deg(P ) pencils in a sequence constructed by Lancaster in the 1960s generate DL(P ). When P is symmetric, we show that the symmetric pencils in L1(P ) comprise DL(P ), while for Hermitian P the Hermitian pencils in L1(P ) form a proper subset of DL(P ) that we explicitly characterize. Almost all pencils in each of these subsets are shown to be linearizations. In addition to obtaining new results, this work provides a self-contained treatment of some of the key properties of DL(P ) together with some new, more concise proofs.
Haematological and Serum Biochemical Parameters in different Sexes of Walking Cat Fish, Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758)

A study was designed to evaluate the influence of sex on haematological and biochemical profile of Clarias batrachus. Haematological and serum biochemical studies on fishes have assumed to be greater significance due to the increasing emphasis on pisciculture and greater awareness of the pollution of natural aquatic bodies. Changes in haematological and biochemical parameters depend on the fish species, age, sex and health condition . These parameters also changes due to environmental stress and fish size . The aim of the present study was to investigate the reference ranges for haematological and serum biochemical values of male and female Clarias batrachus. A total of 60 mature fish (30 males and 30 females) were collected. Blood samples were then taken from the caudal vein of fishes. Haematological parameters such as haemoglobin (Hb), total erythrocyte count(TEC), total leucocyte count(TLC), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin(MCH), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration(MCHC) and the serum biochemical parameters like protein, albumin, globulin, glucose and cholesterol were measured and each parameter was expressed as mean±SE in both male and female fish and compared according to sex using t-test statistical method. In haematological findings, four parameters namely RBC, Hb (p<0.01) and WBC, MCV (p<0.05) revealed significant difference between male and female fish. However, no significant difference was observed in PCV, MCH and MCHC. The value of biochemical parameters were higher in female compared to male but the differences are insignificant. The findings would be helpful to establish a baseline value and to draw conclusive remarks against the health status of Clarias batrachus, showing deviation from the normal parameters.
The Language Faculty – Mind or Brain?

Artiklens sigte er at underkaste Chomskys nyskabende nominale sammensaetning – "the mind/brain" – en nojere undersogelse. Hovedargumentet er at den skaber en glidebane, saledes at det der burde vaere en funktionel diskussion – hvad er det hjernen gor nar den behandler sprog? – i stedet bliver en systemdiskussion – hvad er den interne struktur af den menneskelige sprogevne? Argumentet soges fort igennem under streng iagttagelse af de kognitive videnskabers opfattelse af information og repraesentation, specielt som forstaet af den amerikanske filosof Frederick I. Dretske.
Weaving animal temperament into food webs: implications for biodiversity

Recent studies into community level dynamics are revealing processes and patterns that underpin the biodiversity and complexity of natural ecosystems. Theoretical food webs have suggested that species-rich and highly complex communities are inherently unstable, but incorporating certain characteristics of empirical communities, such as allometric body size scaling and non-random interaction distributions, have been shown to enhance stability and facilitate species coexistence. Incorporating individual level traits and variability into food web theory is seen as a future pathway for this research and our growing knowledge of individual behaviours, in the form of temperament (or personality) traits, can inform the direction of this research. Temperament traits are consistent differences in behaviour between individuals, which are repeatable across time and/or across ecological contexts, such as aggressive or boldness behaviours that commonly differ between individuals of the same species. These traits, under the framework of behavioural reaction norms, show both individual consistency as well as contextual and phenotypic plasticity. This is likely to contribute significantly to the effects of individual trait variability and adaptive trophic behaviour on the structure and dynamics of food webs, which are apparently stabilizing. Exploring the role of temperament in the context of community ecology is a unique opportunity for cross-pollination between ecological fields, and can provide new insights into community stability and biodiversity.
NUTS: Network for Unsupervised Telegraphic Summarization

Extractive summarization methods operate by ranking and selecting the sentences which best encapsulate the theme of a given document. They do not fare well in domains like fictional narratives where there is no central theme and core information is not encapsulated by a small set of sentences. For the purpose of reducing the size of the document while conveying the idea expressed by each sentence, we need more sentence specific methods. Telegraphic summarization, which selects short segments across several sentences, is better suited for such domains. Telegraphic summarization captures the plot better by retaining shorter versions of each sentence while not really concerning itself with grammatically linking these segments. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised deep learning network (NUTS) to generate telegraphic summaries. We use multiple encoderdecoder networks and learn to drop portions of the text that are inferable from the chosen segments. The model is agnostic to both sentence length and style. We demonstrate that the summaries produced by our model show significant quantitative and qualitative improvement over those produced by existing methods and baselines.
Finite element model of primary recrystallization in polycrystalline aggregates using a level set framework

The paper describes a robust finite element model of interface motion in media with multiple domains and junctions, as is the case in polycrystalline materials. The adopted level set framework describes each domain (grain) with a single level set function, while avoiding the creation of overlap or vacuum between these domains. The finite element mesh provides information on stored energies, calculated from a previous deformation step. Nucleation and growth of new grains are modelled by inserting additional level set functions around chosen nodes of the mesh. The kinetics and topological evolutions induced by primary recrystallization are discussed from simple test cases to more complex configurations and compared with the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov theory.