Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chapter 5 Migration and Autism Diagnosis

Clinicians in many countries are increasingly working with children from migrant fami‐ lies. Although autism is diagnosed at an approximately equal rate in children in devel‐ oped countries internationally (estimated 1% of the population), many studies report that children in migrant communities are at relatively higher risk for autism. Risk factors as well as symptom rates appear to vary across cultures. This chapter reviews the current state of the science and outlines conceptual considerations for clinicians assessing for‐ eign, migrant, and minority children for diagnosis of autism. Possible reasons for higher rates among migrant children are discussed and suggestions for clinical evaluation are made.
Future observations for monitoring global ocean heat content

This community white paper outlines the requirements of the future observing system necessary for measuring and advancing understanding of global ocean heat uptake and heat content variability, with an emphasis on the in situ observing system. We review the progress made in observation-based estimates of ocean heat uptake since Ocean Obs '99 and propose a future observational strategy. Some of the key scientific questions addressed are: 1. What future observations are required to monitor global ocean heat content? 2. How has new technology improved our ability to make estimates of ocean heat uptake? 3. What are the current estimates of global and regional ocean heat uptake and what are the uncertainties? 4. What is the impact of instrumental biases and gridding methodology on estimates of ocean heat uptake?
Efficacy of Training of Executive Functions (Working Memory) on the Rate of Attention in Preschool Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

Article history: Received: 3 May 2012 Accepted: 16 Aug 2012 Available online: 5 May 2013 ZJRMS 2014 Sep; 16(9): 89-94 Background: The present study aims to investigate the efficacy of executive functions training (working memory) on the rate of attention in preschool children with developmental coordination disorder in Isfahan city. Materials and Methods: The participants of this study were three preschool children which were recognized to have developmental coordination disorder. To collect data used NEPSY neuropsychology test, Conner’s parent rating scale, Wechsler intelligence scale for children, basic motor ability tests and clinical interview. Results: The results of the data chart analysis based on descriptive statistics' and visual analysis indices revealed that the intervention has been effective on the three participants [respectively PND (Percentage of Non-Overlapping Data) 80, 70 and 50% for test number one, two and three]. Conclusion: The results of the present study show that working memory executive function training, the rate of attention deficit can be reduced. Copyright © 2014 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
An Evaluation of the Resilience of Static Java Bytecode Watermarks Against Distortive Attacks

Software watermarking is a software pro- tection technique based on the insertion of copyright notices or unique identifiers into a program to prove ownership. Software watermarks can be broadly di- vided into two categories: static and dynamic. The former embeds the watermark in the data and/or code of the program, while the latter embeds the wa- termark in a data structure built at runtime. We describe and evaluate the existing Java static wa- termarking systems and algorithms by using them to watermark bytecode files and then applying dis- tortive attacks to each watermarked program by ob- fuscating and optimising. Our study revealed that a high proportion of watermarks were removed as a re- sult of these transformations both in the commercial and academic watermarking systems that we tested. These findings confirm the results of previous studies and this is further evidence that static watermarking techniques on their own do not give sufficient protec- tion against software piracy.
Delay-Dependent Robust Stabilizability of Singular Linear Systems with Delays

Abstract This article deals with the class of continuous-time singular uncertain linear systems with time-varying delay in the state vector. The uncertainties we are considering are of norm bounded type. Delay-dependent sufficient conditions on robust stability and robust stabilizability are developed. A design algorithm for a memoryless state feedback controller which guarantees that the closed-loop dynamics will be regular, impulse-free, and robust stable is proposed in terms of the solutions to linear matrix inequalities (LMIs).
Effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and thermal processing on fatty acid composition of enriched chicken meat

Meat and meat products are important sources of protein, essential amino acids, fat, vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. However, consumers in many countries consider meat and meat products as unfavourable for health. In recent years, much attention has been paid to develop nutritional strategies that improve the functional value of meat and meat products (Rozbicka-Wieczorek et al., 2012, 2014; Białek et al., 2017). Generally, people look for healthier meat with reduced level of cholesterol, fat, decreased contents of nitrite and sodium chloride as well as enhanced composition of fatty acid profile (Arihara, 2006) which should have also healthpromoting properties. One of bioactive compounds of animal origin is conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). CLA, initially classified as an anticancerogenic compound in extracts of grilled beef, is a collective term describing a mixture of geometric and positional isomers of linoleic acid, which have two conjugated double bonds located at positions 7,9-, 8,10-, 9,11-, 10,12or 11,13in the fatty acid chain. Among all isomers, the trans-10,cis-12 ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and thermal processing on chicken meat. The experiment was performed on forty eight 26-week old Isa Brown chickens randomly allocated to two (0.00% vs 0.75% CLA) dietary treatments. Breast muscles and thighs were thermally processed by the cooking techniques: boiling, roasting and frying. The fatty acid composition was determined in both chicken breast and thigh samples. Cooking losses and, consequently, total lipids, increased directly along with following cooking methods: frying > roasting > boiling. Regardless the CLA supplementation, the dry matter and total fat contents were unchanged in raw chicken meat. During processing, the contribution of fatty acids (g · 100 g−1 of total fatty acids) was changing. Regardless the CLA supplementation, the fatty acid content (mg · 100 g−1 meat) was unchanged in raw meat. The amounts of total saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly increased after frying and roasting. Considering the CLA content in the thermally processed meat, it was shown that roasting is the most favourable process, and the amounts of CLA-isomers in thigh were above 3-fold higher than in breast meat. Thus, CLA-enriched chicken roasted thigh seems to be the valuable source of CLA isomers for humans. Received: 17 February 2017 Revised: 28 April 2017 Accepted: 17 August 2017
Gaussian Process Operational Curves for Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring

Due to the presence of an abundant resource, wind energy is one of the most promising renewable energy resources for power generation globally, and there is constant need to reduce operation and maintenance costs to make the wind industry more profitable. Unexpected failures of turbine components make operation and maintenance (O&M) expensive, and because of transport and availability issues, the O&M cost is much higher in offshore wind farms (typically 30% of the levelized cost). To overcome this, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) based predictive condition monitoring can be applied to remotely identify early failures and limit downtime, boost production and decrease the cost of energy (COE). A Gaussian Process is a nonlinear, nonparametric machine learning approach which is widely used in modelling complex nonlinear systems. In this paper, a Gaussian Process algorithm is proposed to estimate operational curves based on key turbine critical variables which can be used as a reference model in order to identify critical wind turbine failures and improve power performance. Three operational curves, namely, the power curve, rotor speed curve and blade pitch angle curve, are constructed using the Gaussian Process approach for continuous monitoring of the performance of a wind turbine. These developed GP operational curves can be useful for recognizing failures that force the turbines to underperform and result in downtime. Historical 10-min SCADA data are used for the model training and validation.
A methanolic extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seeds regulates markers of macrophage polarization.

Background : Macrophages are key cellular mediators in diabetes-related inflammation. Molecular cues such as cytokines found in the tissue microenvironment regulates the polarization of macrophages into an M1 (pro-inflammatory) or M2 (immunoregulatory) phenotype. Recent evidence suggests that M1 macrophages in diabetic patients may contribute to the complications associated with the disease such as atherosclerosis. Trigonella foenum- graecum ( Tfg: fenugreek) seeds have been used in traditional medicine in Asia, Africa and the Middle-East for their alleged anti-diabetic properties. Objective : To identify the molecular mechanism(s) through which Tfg seeds exert their effects, we investigated the role of a crude methanolic extract of Tfg (FME) seeds on macrophage polarization in vitro . Method : THP-1 macrophages (Mϕ) were treated with gBSA in the presence/absence of FME and the release and expression of M1 and M2 markers/cytokines were analysed. The role of FME on NF-κB activity was also explored using transfected HEK-293T cells. Results : This study found that the FME significantly (P<0.05) decreased gBSA-induced secretion of M1 cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8) in THP-1 Mϕ cells. In the presence of gBSA, FME also significantly increased the gene expression of the M2 marker Dectin-1, but had no effect on IL-10, IL-1Ra. FME also significantly decreased TNF-α induced NF-kB reporter activity. Conclusion : These results suggest that FME can regulate the expression of M1 and M2 markers in THP-1 Mϕ cells. This may be potentially through the modulation of NF-kB activity. Further work should be carried out to identify precise mechanism(s) involved in the effects of FME and Tfg seeds. Keywords : chronic inflammation, macrophage polarization, diabetes, glycated BSA, THP-1 cells, Trigonella foenum graecum, fenugreek seeds, NF- κB,
Autonomous drone for liferaft detection

Using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is increasing in a lot of fields and the fact that they can be made to operate autonomously is valuable. Utilizing drones for maritime search and rescue (SAR) missions could improve safety for rescue personnel and increase the efficiency of getting distressed people in safety. Placing drones on larger crane equipped ships could enable usage of drones, to remotely attached a line to a liferaft and utilize the ship’s crane in order to lift the liferaft onboard. This thesis presents a foundation for deploying a DJI Phantom 4 PRO drone configured as an autonomous drone for attaching a line to the liferaft and utilize image detecting to detect the liferaft via the drone’s live video feed using a deep learning algorithm. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has been trained and tuned for predicting if the liferaft is presence in an image, a ground station containing a computer running the CNN and drone maneuver program and an Android communication application has been developed, making the drone fully autonomous. The results obtained prove that the proposed system design used in this thesis transform the Phantom 4 PRO into an autonomous drone. Utilizing the live video feed of the autonomous drone enables the designed system to locate and execute a flight path towards the detected liferaft. However, the proposed designed system has only been tested in simplified scenarios and more data for the CNN are needed to make the prediction of the raft more robust. Investigations if the Phantom 4 PRO can carry the required load is needed and a better way of tracking the liferaft must be developed for a more versatile solution.
On the Computation of Kantorovich-Wasserstein Distances between 2D-Histograms by Uncapacitated Minimum Cost Flows

In this work, we present a method to compute the Kantorovich-Wasserstein distance of order one between a pair of two-dimensional histograms. Recent works in Computer Vision and Machine Learning have shown the benefits of measuring Wasserstein distances of order one between histograms with $n$ bins, by solving a classical transportation problem on very large complete bipartite graphs with $n$ nodes and $n^2$ edges. The main contribution of our work is to approximate the original transportation problem by an uncapacitated min cost flow problem on a reduced flow network of size $O(n)$ that exploits the geometric structure of the cost function. More precisely, when the distance among the bin centers is measured with the 1-norm or the $\infty$-norm, our approach provides an optimal solution. When the distance among bins is measured with the 2-norm: (i) we derive a quantitative estimate on the error between optimal and approximate solution; (ii) given the error, we construct a reduced flow network of size $O(n)$. We numerically show the benefits of our approach by computing Wasserstein distances of order one on a set of grey scale images used as benchmark in the literature. We show how our approach scales with the size of the images with 1-norm, 2-norm and $\infty$-norm ground distances, and we compare it with other two methods which are largely used in the literature.
Development of a theoretical framework to inform measurement of secondary school student engagement with learning

Abstract This paper reports on the development of theoretical frameworks to inform a quantitative investigation of secondary school student engagement in classroom learning. A process of inductive analysis was applied to theoretical and empirical literature on student engagement and participation. Material were condensed and summarised leading to the proposal of frameworks with content considered important by the researcher for epistemological and methodological reasons.
Entropy-based fuzzy set optimisation for reducing ecological model complexity

In recent years, fuzzy logic has been acknowledged as a suitable approach for species distribution modelling due to its transparency and its ability to incorporate the ecological gradient theory. Specifically, the overlapping class boundaries of a fuzzy model are similar to the transitions between different environmental conditions. However, the need for ecological expert knowledge is an important constraint when applying fuzzy species distribution models. Recent research has shown that data-driven fuzzy models may solve this ‘knowledge acquisition bottleneck’ and this paper is a further contribution. The aim was to reduce the complexity of a data-driven fuzzy habitat suitability model for European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) in the Aare River (Thun, Switzerland). Therefore, we applied an entropy-based fuzzy set selection algorithm, which allowed minimisation of the number of fuzzy sets needed for data-driven fuzzy model development. Comparison of the presented model with a previously developed model revealed that the entropy-based algorithm reduced model complexity substantially without a significant decrease in predictive accuracy. The results of this study could minimise monitoring costs and efforts, and enhance communication between water managers and stakeholders due to increased model transparency.
Insertion/deletion gene variants of angiotensin converting enzyme do not predispose cameroonians of the Bantu ethnic group to essential hypertension

The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene has been reported to be implicated in the predisposition to essential hypertension (EH). This association may depend on ethnic and genetic backgrounds. The objective of this study was to determine if the possible I/D polymorphism in the Bantu ethnic group of Cameroon is associated with EH. Data were analyzed from 60 patients and 50 healthy controls in order to access the risk factors of EH in this ethnic group. Comparison of gene and allele frequency distributions between the two populations revealed that systolic and diastolic blood pressures, age, family history and lack of physical exercise were risk factors of EH in this ethnic group. Comparison of means of age, systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as the proportions of individuals with a family history of EH and lack of physical exercise were higher in the hypertensive than the normotensive group (p 0.05). Moreover, analyses of relationship between ACE I/D gene variants and EH did not reveal any association (p > 0.05). Consistently, the two groups also did not present with differences in I and D allele distribution (p > 0.05). These results suggest that EH is not associated with ACE I/D polymorphism. © 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: ACE, Gene polymorphism, SWR, Cameroon
PASSIVE THERMAL RETRIEVALS OF ICE AND LIQUID WATER PATH, EFFECTIVE SIZE AND OPTICAL DEPTH and their dependence on particle and size distribution shape

To date, a major limitation imposed on global climate models (GCMs) is the lack of reliable global statistics of ice water path (IWP) and effective particle size (Deff) with which to evaluate predicted cirrus against. The best hope of providing such statistics is through satellite rem ote sensing, thereby presenting a need for algorithms that retrieve IW P and Deff using radiances measured from satellites. Cirrus radiative properties depend on vertical profiles of the size and shape of ice particles and the ice-water content (Yoshida and Asano 2005). The bimodal nature of the ice particle size distribution (SD) may also be a significant factor for terrestrial radiation (Mitchell 2002). To date no ice cloud property retrieval scheme has incorporated existing knowledge of ice particle shape and SD bim odality. Another long-standing problem has been the inability to accurately retrieve LWP, since the microwave radiometer (MW R) uncertainty for LWP < 100 g m -2 is 20-30 g m -2 (20% to 100%). For higher LW P, the MW R is sufficient. At the North Slope of Alaska (NSA) site for the Atm ospheric Radiation and Measurem ent (ARM) program , the fraction of liquid or mixed phase clouds having LW P < 100 g m -2 is greater than 80%, and this fraction is about 50% at mid-latitudes (Dave Turner, 2005 ARM presentation). W ithout a reliable means of retrieving LW P in the 5-100 g m -2 range, it will be difficu lt to characterize clouds in the arc tic, and hence difficult to characterize the arctic radiation balance. This is of particular concern given that the polar regions are expected to be most affected by global warming. The proposed methodology provides a means of retrieving Deff, water path (W P) and optical depth for ice and liquid water clouds, where the retrievals can be either satellite based or ground-
Numerical Study of the Effects of Speed and Place of Ceiling Fans on Thermal Comfort and Reducing Energy in Office Buildings

The main aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of speed and place of ceiling fans on thermal comfort parameters (predicted mean vote and predicted percentage of dissatisfied) and energy expenses in two different office rooms with a certain geometry in winter using district heating system. In all of the models, the regime of a flow is turbulent and governing equations are solved by finite volume method and SIMPLE algorithm. Based on the results, using ceiling fans in winter (heating system) has a considerable influence on the improvement of buildings thermal comfort and reducing consumption of energy. By using ceiling fans the effective temperature of room increases and therefore radiator energy consumption decreases. Furthermore, the results show that the location of ceiling fan does not have any effect on room effective temperature and residents’ thermal comfort. According to the results, predicted mean vote and predicted percentage of dissatisfied parameters improve by turning ceiling fans on and increasing fan normal air velocity. But, the operation of fan leads to cooling system after a certain velocity and it is not acceptable for the heating system. Finally, the CF.A case with p(x)=1.0 m, V=0.2 m/s and Tradiator=51 oC, and CF.B. 1 case with p(x)=2.5 m, V=0.27 m/s and Tradiator=37 oC, by providing thermal comfort conditions and reducing consumption of energy about 58% and 73%, respectively are reported as optimal cases. Review History: Received: 6 August 2016 Revised: 13 March 2017 Accepted: 15 April 2017 Available Online: 25 April 2017
Der österreichische Bluthochdruckpatient in der ärztlichen Praxis: Eine erste Analyse von 20.615 Hypertonikern aus dem LIIFE-IN-LIFE-Projekt - mit Therapieergebnissen nach 12 Monaten bei 9000 Patienten

The Austrian Hypertensive Patient in Daily Clinical Practice: A First Analysis of 20,615 Hypertensive Patients Included in the LIIFE-INLIFE-Project with Therapeutic Results of 12 Months in 9000 Patients. In May 2004, an Austrian scientific board started a hypertension project, LIIFE-IN-LIFE, to gain epidemiological data on hypertension in Austria and, based on the LIFE study results, to document antihypertensive regimen in daily practice. In 20,615 hypertensive patients, epidemiologic and clinical data of the typical Austrian hypertensive patient were evaluated and extensive risk management was initiated.
Influence of foliar fertilization with amino acid preparations on morphological traits and seed yield of timothy

Radkowski A. , Radkowska I. (2018): Influence of foliar fertilization with amino acid preparations on morphological traits and seed yield of timothy. Plant Soil Environ. , 64: 209–213. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of amino acid fertilizer on yielding ability, morphological characteristics and chlorophyll index of timothy cv. Owacja grown for seed. The experiment was conducted in 2015–2017 at the Experimental Station in Prusy near Krakow, which belongs to the Institute of Plant Production of the University of Agriculture in Krakow. The field trial was set up as a randomized block design with four replications. The soil in the experimental field was a degraded chernozem formed from loess. The plots were sprayed with three doses of Microfert amino acid fertilizer: 1.8, 3.0 and 4.5 L/ha. The highest application rate of foliar fertilization with amino acids (4.5 L/ha) caused a significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in seed yield and germination capacity compared with the control plot. Successive years of use also had a significant effect on timothy seed yield, which was the highest during the first year of the study. Morphological characteristics were found to improve (taller and longer inflorescences and leaf blades). Satisfactory results (seed yield higher by about 11% to the control plot) were also obtained on the plots where the fertilizer was applied at the rate of 3.0 L/ha.