Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review of Wildlife Abundance Estimation Models: Comparison of Models for Correct Application

Abstract. In this review, the various models to estimate wildlife abundance are organized for promoting the correct application of them in animal ecology. If individuals of the target wildlife are distinguishable, the capture-recapture (CR) model and the spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR) model can be applied to the closed population and the Jolly-Seber (JS) model can be applied to the open population. If not, the distance sampling, N-mixture model, random encounter (RE) model, random encounter and staying time (REST) model, and removal sampling can be applied to the closed population, and the harvest-based model can be applied to the open population. Recent advances in the hierarchical model and the integrated population model (IPM) make it possible to model the abundance and demographic rate of the wildlife by considering the ecological process of the target wildlife and observation process of them and to utilize the various but fragmented data. Then, the formalization of the abundance estimation model as a hierarchical model and the construction of the IPM by considering the available data and biological characteristics of the target species are useful for future research.
Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Mansonella perstans

The 13,647-bp complete mitochondrial genome of Mansonella perstans was sequenced and is syntenic to the mitochondrial genome of Mansonella ozzardi. Phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome is consistent with the known phylogeny of ONC5 group filarial nematodes. ABSTRACT The 13,647-bp complete mitochondrial genome of Mansonella perstans was sequenced and is syntenic to the mitochondrial genome of Mansonella ozzardi. Phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome is consistent with the known phylogeny of ONC5 group filarial nematodes.
Hand Rejuvenation Using Autologous Fat Transfer

Atrophy and wrinkling of the skin, elevation of bones, and bulging of the veins and tendons are among outstanding characteristics of hand aging. In recent years, there has been an increase in demand for apparent rejuvenation of the hand. A review of the research literature shows that there are many options for rejuvenation of the hand including peeling agents, removal of dead micro-dermal layers, and dermal fillers. The present study was an attempt to consider and describe autologous fat transfer to the hands. In so doing, the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were searched, and out of the retrieved 1988 articles, 30 were used in the present review. The analysis carried out by the researchers showed that autologous fat transfer is the most promising method that has recently drawn lots of attention.
Evaluation of effectiveness of enhanced‐efficiency fertilizers as mitigation options for N2O and NO emissions from agricultural soils: meta‐analysis

Agricultural fields are an important anthropogenic source of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO). Although many field studies have tested the effectiveness of possible mitigation options on N2O and NO emissions, the effectiveness of each option varies across sites due to environmental factors and field management. To combine these results and evaluate the overall effectiveness of enhanced‐efficiency fertilizers [i.e., nitrification inhibitors (NIs), polymer‐coated fertilizers (PCFs), and urease inhibitors (UIs)] on N2O and NO emissions, we performed a meta‐analysis using field experiment data (113 datasets from 35 studies) published in peer‐reviewed journals through 2008. The results indicated that NIs significantly reduced N2O emissions (mean: −38%, 95% confidential interval: −44% to −31%) compared with those of conventional fertilizers. PCFs also significantly reduced N2O emissions (−35%, −58% to −14%), whereas UIs were not effective in reducing N2O. NIs and PCFs also significantly reduced NO (−46%, −65% to −35%; −40%, −76% to −10%, respectively). The effectiveness of NIs was relatively consistent across the various types of inhibitors and land uses. However, the effect of PCFs showed contrasting results across soil and land‐use type: they were significantly effective for imperfectly drained Gleysol grassland (−77%, −88% to −58%), but were ineffective for well‐drained Andosol upland fields. Because available data for PCFs were dominated by certain regions and soil types, additional data are needed to evaluate their effectiveness more reliably. NIs were effective in reducing N2O emission from both chemical and organic fertilizers. Moreover, the consistent effect of NIs indicates that they are potent mitigation options for N2O and NO emissions.
Effect of Acid Modification and Heat Treatments on Resistant Starch Formation and Functional Properties of Corn Starch

In this study effects of acid hydrolysis, autoclaving and storage (95°C for 2, 3, and 4 days) on resistant starch (RS) formation in corn starch were investigated and functional properties of RS preparations were determined. RVA peak and final viscosity values of the RS preparations decreased gradually for each storage period with increasing hydrolyzation level. RS contents increased to 13.6–16.7% as a result of storage. RS contents of the samples dried without storage were lower than those of the stored samples up to 3.5 h hydrolysis. Solubility and water binding values of RS preparations were higher than those of the native and hydrolysed samples. In contrast to RS preparations, the native and hydrolysed samples affected the emulsion properties of soy protein inversely.
CAR-T-Zelltherapie bei jungen ALL-Patienten

In den vergangenen Dekaden konnte die Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit von Patienten mit akuten B-Zell-VorläuferLeukämien durch die Kombination konventioneller Chemotherapeutika kontinuierlich verbessert werden. Dennoch gibt es Patienten, die auf diese Therapeutika nicht ansprechen. Für diese Patienten bietet jetzt eine Immuntherapie mit genetisch veränderten T-Zellen eine neue therapeutische Chance.
Stealing into Print: Fraud, Plagiarism, and Misconduct in Scientific Publishing

Many people are trying to be smarter every day. How's about you? There are many ways to evoke this case you can find knowledge and lesson everywhere you want. However, it will involve you to get what call as the preferred thing. When you need this kind of sources, the following book can be a great choice. stealing into print fraud plagiarism misconduct in scientific publishing is the PDF of the book.
Newly discovered non-isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether lipids in sediments

Newly discovered non-isoprenoid dialkyl diglycerol tetraethers containing 13,16-di- or 5,13,16-trimethyloctacosanyl moieties have been identified in peats and coastal marine and lake sediments by HPLC–MS and high-field NMR spectroscopy.
Effects of Feeding Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin)-Contaminated Wheat to Growing Chicks

Abstract The effects of feeding deoxynivalenol (DON, vomitoxin)-contaminated wheat diets containing 0, 9, or 18 mg DON/kg were determined in male Leghorn chicks from 1 to 35 days of age. These data show that body weights and the efficiency of feed utilization were not adversely affected by the inclusion of the contaminated wheat in the diet. The absolute and relative liver weights were significantly lower for the chicks receiving the diets containing DON-contaminated wheat; however, the absolute and relative gizzard weights were increased. There were no significant differences in the absolute or relative weights of the kidney, heart, proventriculus, testes, spleen, or bursa. There was a significant decrease in hemoglobin at 28 and 35 days of age and a decrease in hematocrit at 28 and 35 days of age at the high DON level. Other hematological parameters tended to follow a similar pattern with slight changes occurring early or at the high DON level. Samples of liver, heart, kidney, breast, and thigh obtained from chicks fed the low and high levels of DON-contaminated diets and the control diet were analyzed for DON content. None of these samples were found to contain detectable quantities of DON, demonstrating that DON from the diet was not transferred to the organs and tissues analyzed. There is a need to determine if metabolites are present in organs and tissues using radioactively labeled DON.
PENGARUH BOOKLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN, KONSUMSI ENERGI DAN PROTEIN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 16 PONTIANAK TIMUR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan gizi berupa booklet terhadap pengetahuan, konsumsi energi dan protein pada anak Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pre-post test controlled grup. Kelompok 1 diberikan penyuluhan gizi dengan media booklet 1 kali sebulan, kelompok 2 diberikan 2 kali sebulan dan kelompok 3 diberikan 3 kali sebulan, dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-September 2017. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas VA dan VB SDN 16 Pontianak Timur. Sampel sebanyak 24 orang masing-masing kelompok sebanyak 8 orang, secara random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test dan test independet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan kelompok 1 mengalami peningkatan yaitu 11,0%, kelompok 2 meningkat 11,0% dan pada Kelompok 3 meningkat 10,5%. Konsumsi energi meningkat pada kelompok 1 menjadi 1270,6 kalori. Pada kelompok 2 menurun menjadi 1310,7 kalori. Pada Kelompok 3 kali meningkat menjadi 1204,2 kalori. Konsumsi protein pada kelompok 1 kali meningkat menjadi 43,9 gr/hari. kelompok 2 kali meningkat menjadi 48,5 gr.hari, kelompok 3 kali meningkat menjadi 39,4 gr/hari. Kesimpulan, Skor rerata pengetahuan pada masing-masing kelompok meningkat setelah intervensi secara signifikan sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Demikian pula asupan energi dan protein, namun tidak ada perbedaan sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Penyuluhan mengenai sarapan sehat diperlukan agar asupan zat gizi siswa dapat terpenuhi
DeepTracer: Automated Protein Complex Structure Prediction from CoV-related Cryo-EM Density Maps

Information about the macromolecular structure of viral protein complexes such as SARS-CoV-2, and the related cellular and molecular mechanisms can assist the search for vaccines and drug development processes. To obtain such structural information, we present DeepTracer, a fully automatic deep learning-based method for de novo multi-chain protein complex structure prediction from high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) density maps. We applied DeepTracer on a set of 62 coronavirus-related raw experimental density maps, among them 10 with no existing deposited model structure. We observed an average residue match of 84% with the deposited structures and an average RMSD of 0.93˚A. Larger comparative tests further exemplify DeepTracer’s competitive accuracy and e � ciency of multi-chain all-atom complex structure prediction, with the ability of tracing around 60,000 residues within two hours. The web service and prediction results are globally accessible at https://deeptracer.uw. edu
Characterization of Mutants of Bacillus subtilis Resistant to S-(2-Aminoethyl)cysteine

SUMMARY: S-(2-Aminoethyl)-L-cysteine, an analogue of L-lysine, inhibits growth of Bacillus subtilis. Two different mutants resistant to this analogue were isolated. One overproduced lysine and the mutation mapped near ilvC. The other did not overproduce lysine and was unable to express resistance to the analogue in a medium containing threonine; it was linked to the thr-5 marker.
Identifying functional metabolic shifts in heart failure with the integration of omics data and a cardiomyocyte-specific, genome-scale model

The heart is a metabolic omnivore, known to consume many different carbon substrates in order to maintain function. In diseased states, the heart’s metabolism can shift between different carbon substrates; however, there is some disagreement in the field as to the metabolic shifts seen in end-stage heart failure and whether all heart failure converges to a common metabolic phenotype. Here, we present a new, validated cardiomyocyte-specific GEnome-scale metabolic Network REconstruction (GENRE), iCardio, and use the model to identify common shifts in metabolic functions across heart failure omics datasets. We demonstrate the utility of iCardio in interpreting heart failure gene expression data by identifying Tasks Inferred from Differential Expression (TIDEs) which represent metabolic functions associated with changes in gene expression. We identify decreased NO and Neu5Ac synthesis as common metabolic markers of heart failure across datasets. Further, we highlight the differences in metabolic functions seen across studies, further highlighting the complexity of heart failure. The methods presented for constructing a tissue-specific model and identifying TIDEs can be extended to multiple tissue and diseases of interest.
Gamma oscillations in primate primary visual cortex are severely attenuated by small stimulus discontinuities

Gamma oscillations have been hypothesized to play an important role in feature binding, based on the observation that continuous long bars induce stronger gamma in the visual cortex than bars with a small gap. Recently, many studies have shown that natural images, that have discontinuities in several low-level features, do not induce strong gamma oscillations, questioning their role in feature binding. However, the effect of different discontinuities on gamma has not been well studied. To address this, we recorded spikes and local field potential from two monkeys while they were shown gratings with discontinuities in space, orientation, phase or contrast. Gamma, but not spiking activity, drastically reduced with small discontinuities in all cases, suggesting that gamma could be a resonant phenomenon. An excitatory-inhibitory population model with stimulus-tuned recurrent inputs showed such resonant properties. Therefore, gamma could be a signature of excitation-inhibition balance, which gets disrupted due to discontinuities.
Mycorrhizal and rhizomorph dynamics in a loblolly pine forest during 5 years of free‐air‐CO2‐enrichment

Soil fungi couple plant and ecosystem resource demands to pools of soil resources. Research on these organisms is needed to predict how rising atmospheric CO2 will influence forest ecosystem processes and soil carbon (C) sequestration potential. We examined the influence of free‐air‐CO2‐enrichment (FACE) on mycorrhizal and extraradical rhizomorph dynamics over a 5‐year period in a loblolly pine forest using minirhizotrons. Standing crop of mycorrhizal root tips varied greatly spatially and through time. Summed across all years, CO2 enrichment increased mycorrhizal root tip production by 194% in deep soil (15–30 cm) but did not influence mycorrhizal production in shallow soil (0–15 cm). Production and mortality of soil rhizomorph length was 27% and 25% greater in CO2‐enriched plots compared with controls over a 5‐year period beginning in January of 2000 and running through autumn 2004. Effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment on longevity of mycorrhizal root tips and rhizomorphs varied with soil depth (mycorrhizae and rhizomorphs) and with diameter (rhizomorphs). For instance, survival of mycorrhizal tips was reduced in CO2‐enriched plots in deep soil (15–30 cm depth) but was increased in shallower soil (0–15 cm). Rhizomorph turnover was accelerated in shallow soil but effects on survivorship in deep soil varied according to diameter. A drought in 2002 coupled with loss of leaf area to an ice storm late in 2002 were followed by reductions in rhizomorph and mycorrhizal production, increases in mortality, and decreases in standing crop during 2003 and 2004. These effects tended to be more severe in CO2‐enriched plots. Positive effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment on mycorrhizal fungi, primarily observed in deeper soil, are probably contributing to the prolonged stimulation of NPP by CO2 enrichment at the Duke FACE study site.
Review on the Cellular Mechanisms of Low-Level Laser Therapy Use in Oncology

Photobiomodulation (PBM) using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a treatment that is increasingly used in oncology. Studies reported enhancement of wound healing with reduction in pain, tissue swelling and inflammatory conditions such as radiation dermatitis, oral mucositis, and lymphedema. However, factors such as wavelength, energy density and irradiation frequency influence the cellular mechanisms of LLLT. Moreover, the effects of LLLT vary according to cell types. Thus, controversy arose as a result of poor clinical response reported in some studies that may have used inadequately planned treatment protocols. Since LLLT may enhance tumor cell proliferation, these will also need to be considered before clinical use. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of the cellular mechanisms of LLLT by considering its effects on cell proliferation, metabolism, angiogenesis, apoptosis and inflammation. With a better understanding of the cellular mechanisms, bridging findings from laboratory studies to clinical application can be improved.
Resveratrol, a SIRT1 Activator, Ameliorates MK-801-Induced Cognitive and Motor Impairments in a Neonatal Rat Model of Schizophrenia

Background In neonatal rats, MK-801 treatment generates schizophrenia-like symptoms. Resveratrol (RSV) is a phenolic compound and a potent neuroprotective agent. This research aimed to illustrate the effect of RSV on the amelioration of MK-801-induced cognitive and motor impairments in a neonatal rat schizophrenia model and the related potential molecular changes. Methods Rats were administrated with MK-801, MK-801 + RSV (40 mg/kg), or MK-801 + RSV (80 mg/kg). Motor learning, coordination, locomotor and exploratory activity, and spatial memory were measured by rotarod test, pen field test, and Morris water maze test. Relative protein levels were analyzed by Western blot and ELISA. mRNA levels were shown by qRT-PCR. Results In the hippocampus of MK-801-induced schizophrenia rat model, RSV enhanced silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and alleviated oxidative stress. Motor perturbations and learning impairments by MK-801 treatment were ameliorated by the administration of RSV. Conclusion In conclusion, RSV showed neuroprotective effect on MK-801-induced schizophrenia rat model through regulating SIRT1 and downstream BDNF expression in the hippocampus.
Deregulation of Polycomb Repressive Complex-2 in Mantle Cell Lymphoma Confers Growth Advantage by Epigenetic Suppression of cdkn2b

The polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) maintains the transcriptional repression of target genes through its catalytic component enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Through modulating critical gene expression, EZH2 also plays a role in cancer development and progression by promoting cancer cell survival and invasion. Mutations in EZH2 are prevalent in certain B-cell lymphoma subtypes such as diffuse large cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma; while no EZH2 mutation has been reported in the mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Here we demonstrate that the PRC2 components EZH2, EED and SUZ12 are upregulated in the MCL cells as compared to normal B-cells. Moreover, stably transfected cells with wild-type EZH2 or-EED showed increased cell growth and H3K27-trimehtylation. However, unlike wild-type EZH2, ectopic expression of a deletion construct of EZH2 (EZH2Δ550−738 lacking SET domain) had no growth advantage over control cells. Pharmacological inhibition of EZH2 suppressed H3K27me3 and had significant inhibitory effect on cell growth and colony forming capacity (p < 0.05) of MCL cells, and this effect was more or less comparable to the anti-proliferative effects of EZH2 inhibition in cells harboring EZH2-mutation. Mechanistically, EZH2 appears to downregulate expression of cdkn2b gene via enhanced H3K27me3, a well-known suppressive epigenetic mark, at the cdkn2b promoter region. Overall, these results highlight that deregulation of PRC2/EZH2 is associated with epigenetic suppression of cdkn2b in MCL, and in part responsible for increased cell growth, thus the EZH2 inhibitors may have therapeutic potential in the patients with MCL.
Toward a Dimensional Assessment of Externalizing Disorders in Children: Reliability and Validity of a Semi-Structured Parent Interview

Objective This study assesses the reliability and validity of the DSM-5-based, semi-structured Clinical Parent Interview for Externalizing Disorders in Children and Adolescents (ILF-EXTERNAL). Method Participant data were drawn from the ongoing ESCAschool intervention study. The ILF-EXTERNAL was evaluated in a clinical sample of 474 children and adolescents (aged 6−12 years, 92 females) with symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To obtain interrater reliability, the one-way random-effects, absolute agreement models of the intraclass correlation (ICC) for single ICC(1,1) and average measurements ICC(1,3) were computed between the interviewers and two independent raters for 45 randomly selected interviews involving ten interviewers. Overall agreement on DSM-5 diagnoses was assessed using Fleiss’ kappa. Further analyses evaluated internal consistencies, item-total correlations as well as correlations between symptom severity and the degree of functional impairment. Additionally, parents completed the German version of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and two DSM-5-based parent questionnaires for the assessment of ADHD symptoms and symptoms of disruptive behavior disorders (FBB-ADHS; FBB-SSV), which were used to evaluate convergent and divergent validity. Results ICC coefficients demonstrated very good to excellent interrater reliability on the item and scale level of the ILF-EXTERNAL [scale level: ICC(1,1) = 0.83−0.95; ICC(1,3) = 0.94−0.98]. Overall kappa agreement on DSM-5 diagnoses was substantial to almost perfect for most disorders (0.38 ≤ κ ≤ 0.94). With some exceptions, internal consistencies (0.60 ≤ α ≤ 0.86) and item-total correlations (0.21 ≤ rit ≤ 0.71) were generally satisfactory to good. Furthermore, higher symptom severity was associated with a higher degree of functional impairment. The evaluation of convergent validity revealed positive results regarding clinical judgment and parent ratings (FBB-ADHS; FBB-SSV). Correlations between the ILF-EXTERNAL scales and the CBCL Externalizing Problems were moderate to high. Finally, the ILF-EXTERNAL scales were significantly more strongly associated with the CBCL Externalizing Problems than with the Internalizing Problems, indicating divergent validity. Conclusion In clinically referred, school-age children, the ILF-EXTERNAL demonstrates sound psychometric properties. The ILF-EXTERNAL is a promising clinical interview and contributes to high-quality diagnostics of externalizing disorders in children and adolescents.