Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Traditional Knowledge of Jahai Tribe at Kampung Semelor, Gerik, Perak

: Values, norms, taboos are things that are created in the community as a means to regulate and social control in order to live in harmony and stability. Traditional knowledge is the power of the invisible but can force people to live with by the rules, taboos, values, norms set by society. Similarly, in the lives of Jahai's tribe which is practically a variety of taboo in many aspects of life. Traditional knowledge refers to the knowledge and practices of indigenous and local communities that have developed over centuries and are traditionally transferred from elders to young people in concrete working and life situations. Traditional knowledge is dynamic and it can be transferred and expressed orally, through stories, legends, rituals, songs, and laws.
Anestesia neuroaxial y bloqueos regionales: lineamientos de anticoagulación para su aplicación

El personal de salud actualmente se enfrenta a múltiples desafíos en su práctica diaria, uno de ellos, es el manejo apropiado de anticoagulación de quienes por distintas causas demandan este tratamiento. Esta revisión bibliográfica ofrece pautas, especialmente para anestesiólogos, sobre el adecuado empleo de anticoagulantes y antiagregantes en pacientes que requieran anestesia/analgesia neuroaxial, bloqueos de plexo, bloqueos periféricos y catéteres; para evitar/prevenir complicaciones potencialmente devastadoras que el sangrado en el neuroaxis o sitios no compresibles podría ocasionar. Se ha basado en las actuales recomendaciones de ASRA 2018.
Comparison of ferric carboxymaltose and iron polymaltose efficacy in renal anaemia

Thirty chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients were retrospectively analysed at the Flinders Medical Centre, having received both iron polymaltose (IP) and ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) iron infusion therapies using an established iron dosing protocol for renal anaemia in CKD. The dose of iron was 500 mg administered intravenously. Fourteen of these patients received Darbepoetin alfa during the first period of iron repletion with IP while 18 of these patients received Darbepoetin during FCM dosage. The incidence of side effects with both infusate therapies was monitored. During the first study period these patients received IP infusions. At the outset, the mean haemoglobin was 107 g/L, ferritin 101.3 ug/L and Tsat 12.4%. Following IP infusion, the mean haemoglobin increased significantly to 114.4 g/L (p=0.002), ferritin to 291 ug/L (p<0.0001) and Tsat to 20.7% (p<0.0001). In the later study period, FCM was used as the iron infusate of choice. Prior to FCM therapy the mean baseline haemoglobin was 106.2 g/L, ferritin 151.2 ug/L and Tsat 15.4%, values which were not significantly different from the baseline readings in the IP group. Following FCM, mean haemoglobin increased significantly to 113.8 g/L (p=0.002), ferritin to 271.4 ug/L (p=0.0004) and Tsat to 19.1% (p=0.02). Similar outcomes were observed with each iron infusate regimen. Calculated eGFR was not significantly altered with either iron treatment.
The role of PAR1 and PAR4 in platelet PAI-1 secretion

In Sweden about 26000 people are affected by myocardial infarction (MI) every year. Coronary vascular diseases and cerebrovascular diseases with blood flow disruption caused by thrombi are actually the most common cause of death. A contributing mechanism may be if the fibrinolytic system is uncapable to dissolve clots and it might in turn be related to the high amount of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) released from platelets. This study investigated if there is any difference between the thrombin activation of the platelet protease activated receptors (PAR) PAR1 and PAR4 concerning PAI-1 secretion. An ELISA assay was modified in order to measure PAI-1 released from stimulated platelets. Concerning PAI-1 secretion this study concluded that PAR1 activation is slightly more sensitive to PAI-1 secretion than PAR4. Both thrombin receptors are really potent in this respect, activating only one of PAR1 or PAR4 is enough to get a strong response. This study could also confirm that platelet PAR1 undergoes desensitization when stimulated with a low dose of agonist. Despite platelets poor protein synthesis machinery it seems like they have the ability to synthesize large amounts of PAI-1.
Protein Behavior Directed by Heparin Charge and Chain Length

vii LIST OF TABLES . xiv LIST OF FIGURES . xv CHAPTER 1. BACKGROUND ON HEPARIN AND HEPARIN -PROTEIN INTERACTIONS . 1 1.1 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) . 1 1.1.1 Heparan Sulfate and Heparin . 2 1.2 Polyelectrolyte properties of GAGs . 4 1.3 GAG-Protein Interactions . 5 1.3.1 Conventional models in protein-Hp binding . 6 1.3.2 Alternative models in protein-Hp binding . 8 1.4 Roles of electrostatics in Hp-Protein binding . 10 1.5 Low Molecular Weight Heparins: Therapeutic Significances . 12 1.6 Aim and Outline of the Thesis . 13 2. COUNTERION CONDENSATION ON HEPARIN OLIGOMERS . 15 2.1 Abstract . 15 2.2 Introduction . 16 x 2.3 Experimental . 20 2.3.1 Materials . 20 2.3.2 Methods . 20 2.3.2.1 Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) . 20 2.3.2.2 Mass Spectrometry (MS) . 21 2.3.2.3 Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) . 22 2.4 Results . 22 2.5 Discussion . 27 2.6 Conclusions . 35 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 36 3. A HEPARIN DECAMER BRIDGES A GROWTH FACTOR AND AN OLIGOLYSINE BY DIFFERENT CHARGE-DRIVEN INTERACTIONS . 37 3.1 Abstract . 37 3.2 Introduction . 38 3.3 Experimental . 43 3.3.1 Materials . 43 3.3.2 Methods. 43 3.3.2.1 Mass Spectrometry . 43 3.3.2.2 Computational . 44 3.3.2.3 Cell Culture and Proliferation Assays . 44 3.3.2.4 Statistical Analysis . 45 3.4 Results and discussion . 46 3.4.1 K4 binding to dp 10 . 46 3.4.2 FGF binding to dp10 . 48 3.4.3 Ternary complex formation . 53 3.4.4 Biological activity of FGF vs FGF·dp10·K4 . 57 xi 3.5 Conclusions . 58 4. STRUCTURAL DETERMINANTS OF ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PROTEINS AND POLYANIONS: AN ESI-MS STUDY OF FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR BINDING TO HEPARIN OLIGOMERS . 60 4.1 Abstract . 60 4.2 Introduction . 61 4.3 Experimental . 64 4.3.1 Materials . 64 4.3.2 Methods . 64 4.3.2.1 Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESIMS) . 64 4.3.2.2 DelPhi Calculations . 65 4.3.2.3 Monte-Carlo Simulations. 65 4.4 Results and Discussion . 66 4.4.1 Heparin facilitates formation of FGF-1 multimeric complexes . 66 4.4.2 Higher sulfated chains promote formation of multimeric complexes of FGF-1 . 70 4.4.3 When bulk stoichiometry leads to a significant amount of bound heparin, the charge density of the free heparin is low relative to the initial heparin . 73 4.5 Conclusions . 77 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . 77 5. ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY STUDY TO REVEAL THE EFFECT OF HEPARIN CHAIN LENGTH ON ANTITHROMBIN AND FACTOR XA COMPLEX FORMATION. 78 5.
Improvement of multi residue analysis method for pesticide residues in some fruits and vegetables using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Multi-residue analyse method using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with Diode Array Detector was investigated for the determination of 19 pesticides. Acetonitrile, anhydrous magnesium sulphate and sodium chloride were used in extraction process via anhydrous magnesium sulphate and primary secondary amine were used in cleanup process. Pesticide free samples of eggplant, peach, tomato, mandarin were used for method validation studies and results were found at acceptable range. Instrument Detection Limit (IDL) and Estimated Method Detection Limit (EMDL) were calculated for each pesticide. Correlation coefficient which were acquired from matrix matched calibration graphs were higher than 0.99. Mean recoveries were between 75.39-121.95% and relative standart deviations (RSD%) were lower than 20% for accuracy. Also the RSD which were calculated for precision (intra-day repeatability and inter-day reproducibility) were found lower than 10%. It is thought that, this method can be used easily for residue monitoring programmes. It is simple, economic and has small waste.
Blue Carbon Soil Stock Development and Estimates Within Northern Florida Wetlands

Blue carbon habitats, such as mangroves and salt marshes, have been recognized as carbon burial hotspots; however, methods on measuring blue carbon stocks have varied and thus leave uncertainty in global blue carbon stock estimates. This study analyzes blue carbon stocks in northern Florida wetlands along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Carbon measurements within 1–3m length vibracores yield total core stocks of 9.9–21.5 kgC·m−2 and 7.7–10.9 kgC·m−2 for the Atlantic and Gulf coast cores, respectively. Following recent IPCC guidelines, blue carbon stock estimates in the top meter are 7.0 kgC·m−2–8.0 kgC·m−2 and 6.1 kgC·m−2–8.6 kgC·m−2 for the Atlantic and Gulf cores, respectively. Changes in stable isotopic (δ13C, C/N) and lignin biomarker (C/V) indices suggest both coastlines experienced salt marsh and mangrove transgressions into non-blue carbon habitats during the mid- to late-Holocene following relative sea-level rise. These transgressions impact carbon storage within the cores as the presence of carbon-poor soils, characteristic of non-blue carbon habitats, result in lower 1m carbon stocks in north Florida Gulf wetlands, and a deeper extent of carbon-rich soils, characteristic of blue carbon habitats, drive higher 1m and total carbon stocks in north Florida Atlantic wetlands. Future blue carbon research should assess carbon stocks down to bedrock when possible, as land-cover and/or climate change can impact different depths across localities. Ignoring carbon-rich soil below the top meter of soil may underestimate potential carbon emissions based on these changes.
Increased Circulating Levels of ~/-Carboxyglutamic Protein and Decreased Bone Mass in Children on Anticonvulsant Therapy

Summary. In order to investigate the pathophysiology of anticonvulsant-induced osteopenia, circulating levels of bone ~/-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (Bone Gla Protein: BGP) and urinary excretion of BGP were measured in 16 children on chronic anticonvulsant therapy and in 12 control children. Using microdensitometry analysis, osteopenia was found in 25% of the anticonvulsant therapy group, but it was not observed in the control group. Serum BGP and A1-P levels were significantly increased in the anticonvulsant group compared with the control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), and a positive correlation was found between serum BGP and A1-P levels (P < 0.05). Urinary excretion of BGP and hydroxyproline showed an increase in the anticonvulsant group, but it was not statistically significant. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the two groups in serum levels of vitamin D metabolites, PTH, calcitonin, Ca, or P or in urinary excretion of Ca or P. It is suggested, therefore, that the increased BGP level in children receiving anticonvulsant therapy is a reflection of high bone turnover due to anticonvulsant drug complications.
A summary of 30 years' research on risk factors of stroke mortality in China

To analyze the mortality risk of stroke in China by literature search. The mortality rate of stroke (age standardized) in China has declined in recent years. The mortality rate of stroke which increases with age is higher in rural areas than in urban areas, and is higher in men than in women in China. There are obvious regional differences and seasonal differences in the mortality of stroke in China. Different subtypes of stroke have different death characteristics. Low or high temperatures can increase the risk of mortality of stroke. With the change of epidemiological characteristics, the risk factors of mortality of stroke in China are also changing. Through the epidemiological study of stroke death, the mortality risk of stroke can be researched effectively, the epidemiological characteristics of stroke can be mastered, and the direction of prevention and treatment of stroke can be understood. Individualized and multi factor intervention for unhealthy lifestyle, unhealthy behavior and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors can promote the establishment of stroke prevention and control strategy in China. Key words: Stroke; Mortality; Epidemiology; Risk factor
Una revisión sistemática de la metodología flipped classroom a nivel universitario en España

Flipped Classroom is a methodology that is being more common at university level, surely, due to the active role the students take on the learning process. In this research a systematic review of this methodology at university level in Spain is carried out. The analysis of 109 research studies point out the gradual increment of the number of publications about this topic both, in Spanish and English, as time goes by that could be related to an increment of the use of this methodology at university classes. Despite the fact there are few universities that consider this methodology as part of their common praxis, almost half of Spanish Universities have had a preliminary contact with it. The vast majority of these experiences have been applied to social sciences and law area, as well as engineering and architecture, using fundamentally quantitative designs and techniques. The main objectives of these type of research studies were measure the impact on the academic performance and discover the satisfaction of the experience. Although there is not a clear conclusion about the effectiveness of Flipped Classroom on the students’ academic performance, a large amount of research studies points out positive or positive and neutral general conclusions. Finally, in view of this results, recommendations and future research topics are discussed.
Deep Learning in der SPECT und PET des Gehirns

Deep Learning hat in den letzten Jahren in vielen Bereichen spektakuläre Erfolge erzielt, nicht zuletzt in der medizinischen Bildverarbeitung. Nach einer kurzen Einführung in die grundlegenden Ideen von Deep Learning sollen in diesem Übersichtsartikel einige ausgewählte Anwendungen in der SPECT und PET des Gehirns vorgestellt werden.
Identification of Emotional and Social Difficulties among Pakistani Adolescents

This study was conducted to identify the patterns of emotional and social difficulties among Pakistani adolescents. The Anxiety, Depression, Anger, Disruptive Behavior, and Self-Concept Inventories of the Beck Youth Inventories were administered to 300 adolescents (150 females and 150 males). The age range was between 14–19 years. Each inventory represented distinct symptom dimensions and the overall pattern of results indicated that anxiety level in males was higher than females but females’ disruptive behavior was significantly high. Hence, there was no significant gender difference in the levels of anger, self concept and depression. Age had strong impact on all types of psychological distress. Late adolescents showed more anger, anxiety, depression and disruptive behavior. Early adolescents had high self concept as compared to late adolescents. Anxiety was significantly positively related with depression, anger and disruptive behavior.
Changes in catch and bycatch composition and in species diversity of a semi-floating shrimp-trap fishery in three eastern Atlantic island ecosystems with different degrees of human alteration

Composition and bycatch of semi-floating shrimp-trap fisheries (SSTF) were compared among areas with different levels of anthropogenic alteration of marine ecosystems. The three areas selected were Madeira, the Canary Islands and Cape Verde. Mean species richness and diversity of the SSTF did not show significant differences among areas. The dominant species in catches of the SSTF for all regions studied was the main target species, Plesionika edwardsii, which accounted for 96.0% of the catch in Cape Verde, 75.8% in Madeira and 59.1% in the Canary Islands. Targeted pandalid shrimps accounted for more than 96.8% of total catches for all areas combined. Numbers of non-target species caught were 18 (Madeira), 14 (Canary Islands) and 16 (Cape Verde), of which 13 (Madeira), 8 (Canary Islands) and 11 (Cape Verde) were always discarded. Bycatch accounted for 0.5% (Madeira), 0.7% (Canary Islands) and 3.1% (Cape Verde) in numbers. Shark species accounted for 0.11% of all individuals caught. A total of 5 species in Madeira, 6 in the Canary Islands and 4 in Cape Verde, accounting for 0.2% to 0.8% of total catches, were not landed due to the small size of individuals or low numbers of individuals caught (self-consumption). The present results suggest that the selectivity of traps for the main target species, P. edwardsii, in SSTF changes due to changes in species dominance, which are probably linked to the degree of human fishing exploitation of the marine ecosystems in each area.
Middle Managers' Commitment to Change after Downsizing

: This research was a case study of middle managers' commitment issues after downsizing. After downsizing, the company kept changing its regulations to compete. Less appropriate change strategies led to uncertainty, pressure and anxiety among middle managers. This research aimed to explore the way middle managers handle and commit to changes under pressure. During the organizational change periods, the roles of middle managers were complex because they were required to become agents of change and targets of change. These roles severely affected the implementation of changes. This research applied qualitative methods through a case study by interviewing individuals and conducting focus group discussion. There were eleven middle managers and three general managers who were considered as significant others. It was found that the middle managers, who were also the survivors, felt satisfied and gained fairness in the downsizing process. However, after the downsizing, the organization was less committed to change, so the managers showed commitment to change because they felt obligated (normative commitment to change) and they had no choice but to follow the change (continual commitment to change). This paper also helped to understand how the commitment to organizational change influenced survivors’ commitment to change.
Analysis of Foreign Currency Portfolio in Indonesia

The study entitled Analysis of Foreign Currency Portfolio In Indonesia is a case study of a foreign exchange market portfolio taking a research site at Bank Indonesia. Markowitz was the first to introduce the concept of portfolio risk, which in general risk can be reduced by combining multiple assets into a portfolio or so-called diversification. This research was conducted to analyze the optimal portfolio of foreign exchange investment in order to make investments give maximum return and certain risk that is obtained optimally. Based on the results of the research of the four currencies used as sample analysis, the four currencies can form as optimal portfolio of CHF, CNY, GBP and JYP, while the highest rate of return using portfolio theory is in Chinese Yuan (CNY) by 71%. The expected return of the currency is dominating compared to other foreign currencies.
Fitness Benefits of a Motivated Mom

Parental investment theory predicts that observed levels of parental care afforded to offspring are set by the benefits (to offspring quality and survival), relative to the costs (to parental survival or future reproduction). Although difficult to document, there is often substantial individual-variation in the amount of parental care within species. We measured the impact of individual variation in maternal care on fitness in a wild population of North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). We used pup retrieval latency following a nest intrusion as a measure of maternal motivation to care for pups. Pups from large litters grew faster if they had a highly motivated mother, indicating that maternal motivation can mitigate the trade-off between litter size and offspring growth. Pups whose mothers who returned to the nest faster were more likely to survive to autumn, a critical life history stage. These results highlight important fitness impacts of having a highly motivated mother and show that maternal motivation can alter a fundamental life history trade-off between offspring quantity and quality.
Unexplained hydrogen isotope offsets complicate the identification and quantification of tree water sources in a riparian forest

Abstract. We investigated plant water sources of an emblematic refugial population of Fagus sylvatica (L.) in the Ciron river gorges in south-western France using stable water isotopes. It is generally assumed that no isotopic fractionation occurs during root water uptake, so that the isotopic composition of xylem water effectively reflects that of source water. However, this assumption has been called into question by recent studies that found that, at least at some dates during the growing season, plant water did not reflect any mixture of the potential water sources. In this context, highly resolved datasets covering a range of environmental conditions could shed light on possible plant–soil fractionation processes responsible for this phenomenon. In this study, the hydrogen (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope compositions of all potential tree water sources and xylem water were measured fortnightly over an entire growing season. Using a Bayesian isotope mixing model (MixSIAR), we then quantified the relative contribution of water sources for F. sylvatica and Quercus robur (L.) trees. Based on δ18O data alone, both species used a mix of top and deep soil water over the season, with Q. robur using deeper soil water than F. sylvatica. The contribution of stream water appeared to be marginal despite the proximity of the trees to the stream, as already reported for other riparian forests. Xylem water δ18O could always be interpreted as a mixture of deep and shallow soil waters, but the δ2H of xylem water was often more depleted than the considered water sources. We argue that an isotopic fractionation in the unsaturated zone and/or within the plant tissues could underlie this unexpected relatively depleted δ2H of xylem water, as already observed in halophytic and xerophytic species. By means of a sensitivity analysis, we found that the estimation of plant water sources using mixing models was strongly affected by this δ2H depletion. A better understanding of what causes this isotopic separation between xylem and source water is urgently needed.
Distributed nonlinear control for a microgrid embedding renewables, train's energy recovery system and storages

A low-level distributednonlinear controller for a DC MicroGrid integrated in a Train Station is introduced in this paper. A number of elements are connected to the MicroGrid: two different transient time scale renewables (braking recovery and photovoltaic), two kinds of storage acting at different time-scale (a battery and a supercapacitor), and a load. The model is developed and a complete stability analysis is investigated: power balance and voltage grid stability requirements are both met. A System of Systems approach is utilized to develop the control laws for the DC/DC converters in order to fulfil the dedicated objective each controller has. Simulation results showing the desired grid behaviour are presented.