Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A global predictive model of carbon in mangrove soils

Mangroves are among the most threatened and rapidly vanishing natural environments worldwide. They provide a wide range of ecosystem services and have recently become known for their exceptional capacity to store carbon. Research shows that mangrove conservation may be a low-cost means of reducing CO2 emissions. Accordingly, there is growing interest in developing market mechanisms to credit mangrove conservation projects for associated CO2 emissions reductions. These efforts depend on robust and readily applicable, but currently unavailable, localized estimates of soil carbon. Here, we use over 900 soil carbon measurements, collected in 28 countries by 61 independent studies, to develop a global predictive model for mangrove soil carbon. Using climatological and locational data as predictors, we explore several predictive modeling alternatives, including machine-learning methods. With our predictive model, we construct a global dataset of estimated soil carbon concentrations and stocks on a high-resolution grid (5 arc min). We estimate that the global mangrove soil carbon stock is 5.00 ± 0.94 Pg C (assuming a 1 meter soil depth) and find this stock is highly variable over space. The amount of carbon per hectare in the world’s most carbon-rich mangroves (approximately 703 ± 38 Mg C ha−1) is roughly a 2.6 ± 0.14 times the amount of carbon per hectare in the world’s most carbon-poor mangroves (approximately 272 ± 49 Mg C ha−1). Considerable within country variation in mangrove soil carbon also exists. In Indonesia, the country with the largest mangrove soil carbon stock, we estimate that the most carbon-rich mangroves contain 1.5 ± 0.12 times as much carbon per hectare as the most carbon-poor mangroves. Our results can aid in evaluating benefits from mangrove conservation and designing mangrove conservation policy. Additionally, the results can be used to project changes in mangrove soil carbon stocks based on changing climatological predictors, e.g. to assess the impacts of climate change on mangrove soil carbon stocks.
Chapter 3 The role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system polymorphisms in phenotypic expression of MYBPC 3-related hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

The phenotypic variability of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) even in patients with identical pathogenic mutations suggests additional modifiers. In view of the regulatory role in cardiac function, blood pressure, and electrolyte homeostasis, polymorphisms in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are candidates for modifying phenotypic expression. In order to investigate whether RAAS polymorphisms modulate the HCM phenotype, we selected a large cohort of carriers of one of 3 functionally-equivalent truncating mutations in the MYBPC3 gene. Family based association analysis was performed to analyze the effects of 5 candidate RAAS polymorphisms (ACE, rs4646994; AGTR1, rs5186; CMA, rs1800875; AGT, rs699; CYP11B2, rs1799998) in 368 subjects carrying one of 3 mutations in the MYBPC3 gene. Interventricular septum (IVS) thickness and Wigle score were assessed by 2D-echocardiography. SNPs in the RAAS system were analyzed separately and combined as a pro-left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) score for effects on the HCM phenotype. Analyzing the 5 polymorphisms separately for effects on IVS thickness and Wigle score detected 2 modest associations. Carriers of the CC genotype in the AGT gene had less pronounced IVS thickness compared to CT and TT genotype carriers. The DD polymorphism in the ACE gene was associated with a high Wigle score (p=0.01). No association was detected between the pro-LVH score and IVS thickness or Wigle score. In conclusion, in contrast to previous studies, in our large study population of HCM patients with functionally-equivalent mutations in the MYBPC3 gene we did not find major effects of genetic variation within genes of the RAAS system on phenotypic expression of HCM.
The effects of chemical composition on electron delocalization and magnetic ordering in ilvaite , Ca † Fe 2 1 , Fe 3 1 ‡ † Fe 2 1 ‡ Si 2 O 7 O „ OH ...

Substitutional impurities are expected to have significant influences on long-range, order–disorder phenomena associated with magnetic ordering and electron delocalization in mixed-valence solids. These influences have been investigated by means of superconducting quantum interference device susceptometry andFe Mössbauer spectroscopy on more than 40 mineral specimens of the mixed-valence solid ilvaite, Ca @Fe, Fe#@Fe#Si2O7O~OH! , with manganese contents between 0.2 and 10 wt %. At 295 K, theFe Mössbauer spectra are quite diverse, exhibiting different numbers of lines, varying degrees of resolution and line broadening. The complexity of the spectra correlate well with increasing Mn content. At 160 K, the spectra are remarkably similar and are characterized by three overlapping subspectra. The Isomer shifts are: 1.09, 1.07, and 0.64 mm s , respectively, which may be unambiguously assigned to 2 Fe 21 and 1 Fe species. The magnetic ordering transition near 120 K, associated with the ordering of the moments of the Fe 21 and Fe ions involved in electron delocalization, is not evident in the susceptibility data. Further, the susceptibility versus temperature curves exhibited no qualitative changes with varying Mn content. The magnetic transition associated with the ordering of the magnetic moments of the Fe 21 ion, not involved in electron delocalization, is clearly evident in the susceptibility data and exhibits a systematic dependence on Mn content, occurring at 27, 26, 25, and 23 K for Mn contents of 0.23, 0.70, 0.90, and 0.97 wt %. For Mn contents above 1 wt %, this magnetic transition is not observed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics. @S0021-8979 ~99! 53808-5#
Osteogenesis capability and degradation property evaluation of injectable biomaterials: comparison of computed tomography and ultrasound

Injectable biomaterials, which can be physically inserted into a target site without the use of surgery, have received increasing attention in tissue engineering during the last decade. There is also a growing need for quantitative evaluation of the injectable biomaterial directly and noninvasively. The objectives of this study are to originate a quantitative noninvasive technique for evaluation of in situ forming bone biomaterials and to validate the feasibility of diagnostic ultrasound images analysis technique. The potential of ultrasound for quantitative evaluation of tissue development was compared with computed tomography (CT) in vivo. A strong correlation was witnessed between ultrasound gray-scale values (GV) and volumetric mean of CT value (HUm) (r = 0.95). Meanwhile, the volume of the material area could be estimated by ultrasound maximum cross-section pixel, which demonstrates a certain consistency with CT mask volume in 3D reconstruction images (r = 0.87). In conclusion, ultrasound imaging, which is corresponding with the traditional CT, can be used to evaluate osteogenesis capability and degradation property of injectable biomaterials. It may be a noninvasive, nonradioactive, and effective aid to monitor ossification and reconstruction of biomaterials at the implant region for bone defect repair.
A New Family of Difference Schemes for Space Fractional Advection Diffusion Equation

The second order weighted and shifted Grunwald difference (WSGD) operators are developed in [Tian, Zhou and Deng, Math. Comput. , 84 (2015), pp. 17031727] to solve space fractional partial differential equations. Along this direction, we further design a new family of second order WSGD operators; by properly choosing the weighted parameters, they can be effectively used to discretize space (Riemann-Liouville) fractional derivatives. Based on the new second order WSGD operators, we derive a family of difference schemes for the space fractional advection diffusion equation. By von Neumann stability analysis, it is proved that the obtained schemes are unconditionally stable. Finally, extensive numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the performance of the schemes and confirm the convergence orders.
Capacity Analysis, Modeling and Simulation of MIMO Wireless Sensor Network

In conventional wireless communication system the problem of estimating the parameters such as coherence time, coherence band width etc. is still not accurate. This problem is mainly due to the fact that the mobile receiver can be in motion and also received signals can arrive along multiple reflected paths. In this work, the channel modeling, optimal location reflectors and scatterers with respect to the location of transmitter and receiver and the optimal valve of angular range with the direction of motion of the mobile receiver are to be explored. The effect of the multipath fading both over time and frequency is also to be considered. The algorithms and schemes proposed in this paper shall benefit in the (i) optimal location of scatterers around a receiver moving at a variable speed (ii) realistic modeling of MIMO fading channels overcoming the conventional assumption that fading coefficients between different transmit and receive antennas are independent random variables.
Improving the teaching skills of registered dietitians

In response to a perceived need on the part of health professionals for acquiring better teaching skills, a 30-hour course called "Effective Patient Teaching" (EPT) was developed. The course focuses on interpersonal skills that establish bedside manner, essential teaching functions, delivery skills, and adherence counseling techniques. This study evaluated the influence of the course on real-world practice of 30 nealth professionals. Results indicated that dietitians who took the course changed their teaching performances immediately after completing it, but the improved teaching skills of EPT participants began to decline towards baseline after three months. The greatest improvement occurred in delivery skills scores. (JD) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. * ***********************************************************************
Implementation of School-Based Management Program in Public Elementary School

This study aims to describe the implementation of school-based management (SBM) program in public elementary school in Blitar City, East Java Province. This study uses a quantitative approach and is included in the type of descriptive research. Source of data in this study is the principal of public elementary schools in the city of Blitar which amounted to 34. The main tool to collect data in this study is a questionnaire that was prepared based on the concept of measurement Likert Scale. The data analysis techniques using descriptive statistical analysis techniques. The results of data analysis show that the implementation of SBM program in public elementary school in Blitar city as a whole has been successfully implemented. But there are some components of SBM that still need to be improved again.
Too Much, Too Little or Just Right: Designing Data Fusion for Situation Awareness

Many operators within the battlefield find themselves unable to process all the data presented to them in the limited time available. Data fusion provides a means of reducing their workload, but can also reduce system transparency. Thus, either too much or too little fusion can lead to reduced operator situation awareness. A framework is proposed that incorporates a role for more sophisticated psychological theory when attempting to understand the consequences of data fusion technologies on SA. Four key questions are identified: How should the level of certainty in fused information be presented? How much does it cost the operator to “drill-down”? To what extent does data fusion inhibit representation change? Does data fusion ameliorate or exacerbate the consequences of interruption?
Smart Vehicle Number Plate Detection System for Different Countries Using an Improved Segmentation Method

Day by day the use of vehicles in our life is rising exponentially and as increasing vehicles are violating the rules of traffic, theft of vehicles, ingoing to restricted areas, abnormal number of accidents lead to upturn in the crime rates linearly. For any vehicle to be acknowledged, vehicle license plate detection will play a main significant job in this active world. The commonly used in field of safetyand security system, LPDR plays a significant role and we need to identify vehicles registration number at anevident distance for finding the vehicle.The methodology which we have used is modest but appropriate. First the segmented of all characters in the image (Licence Plate). Ultimately, the recognition of each character is done. The pattern matching method is used for recognition each character in the vehicle license plate.
Preparation of Fame by Microwave Irradiation Using Boron Trifluoride as a Catalyst

Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) preparation is an important step to determine fatty acid composition of oils and fats. Transesterification with boron trifluoride (BF3) in methanol has been widely used; however, the transesterification of triacylglycerols usually involves a long heating time, whereas much shorter reaction times may be sufficient when microwave irradiation is used. The purpose of this paper was to optimize FAME preparation with BF3 by microwave irradiation. A three-factor central composite routable (CCRD) design was used to study the effect of the heating time (A), irradiation power (B), and volume of sodium hydroxide (C) on FAME concentration. A second-order polynomial model was employed to generate a surface response. Optimum conditions obtained for FAME preparation were time of 60 s, irradiation power of 220 W, and base volume of 1.5 mL. Compared to conventional methods, the advantages of this method are the quick result and the accuracy.
Relationship outcomes as measurement criteria to assist communication strategists to manage organisational relationships

Los recursos no financieros, como las relaciones, son de gran importancia para los directivos. En particular, los gerentes de comunicaciones se enfocan en medir y manejar las relaciones organizacionales como una forma de cuantificar el Retorno sobre la Inversion (ROI ) que se deriva de las relaciones publicas y de las estrategias de comunicacion. Esta medicion ofrece a los gerentes una manera de evaluar el aporte de las relaciones en la organizacion. Sin embargo, no existe un acuerdo generalizado sobre como definir estas relaciones. Si la direccion de las comunicaciones se considera como una funcion de la gerencia, se debe, entonces, refinar sus instrumentos de medicion. Asi, este estudio considera un modelo de tres etapas sobre las relaciones organizacionales (antecedentes de la relacion, estrategias de mantenimiento y resultado de la relacion) propuesto por Grunig y Huang (2000). Primero, se revisara el desarrollo del modelo. En segundo lugar, se estudiara en detalle cada resultado de la relacion en terminos de su confianza, compromiso, satisfaccion y control de la reciprocidad. Finalmente, la fiabilidad y la validez del uso de las medidas actuales de los resultados de la relacion se evaluan a traves de una muestra de 154 relaciones organizacionales. Estudios previos que han utilizado estos resultados en la medicion de las relaciones organizacionales no discuten la posible interaccion (o relacion) entre los resultados. Este estudio realiza una contribucion a la literatura al ofrecer una mejora del actual esquema para medir los resultados de las relaciones y al sugerir algunas hipotesis sobre como estos resultados interactuan entre si. Asimismo discute que repercusiones puede tener para las directivas un manejo de estas relaciones a traves de una politica de medicion continua de la confianza, el compromiso, la satisfaccion y del control de la reciprocidad.
Nutrition for Athletic Youth With Weight Concerns Chron's Disease and Disordered Eating Cases

More than 35 million youth, aged 5 to 18 years old, in the United States play organized sports. Surprisingly, data to guide nutritional recommendations for child and adolescent athletes are not readily available. Some of these youth not only have the nutrient needs for appropriate growth and development but also to manage their weight and/or a chronic disease. In this article, 2 cases from a Family Medicine Nutrition clinic are presented to highlight nutrition issues faced by these youth. Nutr Today. 2014;49(2):57Y67
Swaging Process for Productivity improvement in the manufacture of Spindles

Improvement in productivity will be achieved through utilization of resources in a better way. Economy and efficiency are two routes to achieve improvements in productivity. In this journal paper, designing the Spindle Blade and Aluminium Plug in the spindle assembly used in Textile Frames have been deliberated by analyzing the trials conducted on different processes and machine tools for reducing cost and improving productivity. Conventionally, a copying lathe is utilized for the manufacture of the spindle blades and the aluminium plugs. In this journal paper, the design analysis and optimization of spindles have been attempted through a swaging process. In addition to increasing the productivity, swaging process also saves considerable amount of material and labour with increase in tensile strength of Spindles.
The role of convective overshooting clouds in tropical 1 stratosphere – troposphere dynamical coupling 2 3 4

4 K. Kodera1, 2 , B. M. Funatsu3,4, C. Claud4, and N. Eguchi5 5 [1]{ Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan } 6 [2]{ Climate and Ecosystems Dynamics Division, Mie University, Tsu, Japan} 7 [3]{ LETG-Rennes COSTEL, Université Rennes 2, Rennes, France} 8 [4]{ Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France} 9 [5]{ Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Japan} 10 Correspondence to: K. Kodera (kodera@stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp) 11 12 Abstract 13 This paper investigates the role of deep convection and overshooting convective clouds in 14 stratosphere–troposphere dynamical coupling in the tropics during two large major 15 stratospheric sudden warming events in January 2009 and January 2010. During both events, 16 convective activity and precipitation increased in the equatorial Southern Hemisphere as a 17 result of a strengthening of the Brewer–Dobson circulation induced by enhanced stratospheric 18 planetary wave activity. Correlation coefficients between variables related to the convective 19 activity and the vertical velocity were calculated to identify the processes connecting 20 stratospheric variability to the troposphere. Convective overshooting clouds showed a direct 21 relationship to lower stratospheric upwelling at around 70–50 hPa. As the tropospheric 22 circulation change lags behind that of the stratosphere, outgoing longwave radiation shows 23 almost no simultaneous correlation with the stratospheric upwelling. This result suggests that 24 the stratospheric circulation change first penetrates into the troposphere through the 25 modulation of deep convective activity. 26 27
Genetic Diversity in CIMMYT Nontemperate Maize Germplasm: Landraces, Open Pollinated Varieties, and Inbred Lines

CIMMYT is the source of improved maize (Zea mays L.) breeding material for a signifi cant portion of the nontemperate maize growing world. Landraces which did not serve as sources for improved maize germplasm may contain untapped allelic variation useful for future breeding progress. Information regarding levels of diversity in different germplasm would help to identify sources for broadening improved breeding pools and in seeking genes and alleles that have not been tapped in modern maize breeding. The objectives of this study were to examine the diversity in maize landraces, modern open pollinated varieties (OPVs), and inbred lines adapted to nontemperate growing areas to fi nd unique sources of allelic diversity that may be used in maize improvement. Twenty-fi ve simple sequence repeat markers were used to characterize 497 individuals from 24 landraces of maize from Mexico, 672 individuals from 23 CIMMYT improved breeding populations, and 261 CIMMYT inbred lines. Number of alleles, gene diversity per locus, unique alleles per locus, and population structure all differ between germplasm groups. The unique alleles found in each germplasm group represent a great reservoir of untapped genetic resources for maize improvement, and implications for hybrid breeding are discussed.
Inflammatory reaction and angiogenesis intensity in aortic wall according to clinical manifestation of abdominal aortic aneurysm

Wstep. Celem pracy jest ocena parametrow histologicznych w zalezności od obrazu klinicznego tetniaka ze szczegolnym uwzglednieniem obecności i jakości procesu zapalnego oraz nasilenia angiogenezy. Materialy i metody. Material pobierano od chorych operowanych w Klinice Chirurgii Ogolnej i Naczyniowej AM w Łodzi w latach 1998–2000. Fragmenty ściany aorty utrwalano w 9-procentowym formaldehydzie. Do badan zakwalifikowano 98 przypadkow. Wyrozniono 5 grup badawczych: 1. Chorzy z tetniakami operowanymi planowo (n = 50); 2. Osoby z tetniakami objawowymi i peknietymi (n = 18); 3. Pacjenci z tetniakami aorty wspolistniejącymi z niedroznością aortalno-biodrową (n = 9); 4. Chorzy z niedroznością aortalno-biodrową bez tetniaka (n = 14); 5. Grupa kontrolna – osoby z prawidlową aortą pobraną od dawcow narządow (n = 7). Preparaty barwione h + e oceniano pod wzgledem obecności i/lub nasilenia procesu zapalnego, stosując skale HISA, określano liczbe limfocytow T, limfocytow B, makrofagow oraz liczbe naczyn krwionośnych. W badaniach polilościowych oceniano liczbe naczyn w skali 1–3. Wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej z uzyciem testu Manna-Whitneya. Wyniki. Nasilenie angiogenezy w grupie 2 bylo znamiennie statystycznie wyzsze niz w pozostalych grupach. W grupie tej stwierdzono takze najwiekszą liczbe makrofagow w blonie zewnetrznej (M = 47 vs. M = 34 w grupie 1; p Wnioski. Wykazano korelacje pomiedzy nasileniem procesu zapalnego i angiogenezy w ścianie aorty a klinicznymi objawami tetniaka.
Dynamics of Lava Flows

Extensive lava flows, like those of Mount Merapi of Central Java, require thickness only of the order of meters and temperatures only slightly above the melting point to spread over distance of the order of hundreds of meters. Other things being equal the spreading distance is propotional to the cube of the thickness of the flow.