Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of surgical checklists on the laparoscopic task performance

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Antithrombotic treatment after intracerebral haemorrhage

Background and Aims: It is unclear whether patients with previous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) should receive antithrombotic treatment to prevent ischemic events. We assessed stroke physicians' opinions about this, and their views on randomizing patients in trials assessing this question. Methods: We conducted three web ‐ based surveys among stroke physicians in Scandinavia and the United Kingdom. Results: Eighty ‐ nine of 205 stroke physicians (43%) responded to the Scandinavian survey, 161 of 180 (89%) to the UK antiplatelet survey, and 153 of 289 (53%) to the UK anticoagulant survey. In Scandinavia, 19 (21%) stroke physicians were uncertain about antiplatelet
The utilization of sago waste: prospect and challenges

The utilization of sago waste has been the subject of research which has studied aspects of sago bark, including sago wastewater effluent and fibre waste. This paper presents a review of the types of waste generated from sago processing plants, prospects and challenges of its utilization based on prior studies. During sago starch extraction, a large amount of sago tree bark would be separated, and wastewater mixed with fibre waste would be discharged daily. Therefore, it is important to train sago farmers and mill owners to manage and utilize waste. The development of sustainable management of sago requires support from all relevant stakeholders. Waste utilization should be promoted and the added value to be explained to the stakeholders to gain their interest and willingness to participate in waste processing plants. Sago waste management is recommended to focus on: (1) efforts to increase the yield and efficiency to reduce waste (2) improvement of the processing layout and mechanism to facilitate its utilization; (3) selection of appropriate drying methods to reduce the volume of liquid waste and facilitate further storage and processing; (4) the implementation of appropriate technology that can provide additional income to farmers and smallholder sago refineries.
EEG channel selection algorithm based on Reinforcement Learning

Multichannel EEG is generally used to collect brain activities from various locations across the brain. However, BCIs using lesser channels will be more convenient for subjects. What's more, information acquired from adjacent channels is usually inter-correlated or irrelevant to the task. And some channels are noisy. This paper proposes a novel channel selection algorithm based on reinforcement learning. It can adaptively transform the full-channel EEG data to the optimal-channel-number EEG format conditioned on different input trials to make a trade-off between brain decoding accuracy and efficiency. Experimen-tal results showed that the proposed model can improve the classification accuracy by 2% ~ 6% compared to channel set $\{C3,C4,Cz\}$.
Mise en place d'un protocole de surveillance des abords vasculaires d'hémodialyse selon un niveau de risque défini dans une structure d'autodialyse

Introduction : Les recommandations internationales proposent pour la plupart la mise en place de protocole de surveillance systematique des abords vasculaires en hemodialyse avec prise en charge preemptive de stenose hemodynamiquement actives. L’objectif de notre travail est d’etudier l’impact sur le nombre de thrombose d’un protocole de surveillance realise selon un niveau de risque predefini et le comparer par rapport aux annees precedentes. Methodes : 159 patients ont ete inclus et repartis selon leurs antecedents en 3 niveaux de risque. Tous les patients avaient une surveillance par echo doppler ou Transonic® : le groupe a haut risque avait un examen tous les 3 mois, le groupe a risque modere tous les 6 mois et celui a bas risque tous les ans. Apres chaque geste endovasculaire, un echo doppler etait realise a 1 et 3 mois. Il etait possible de demander des examens en dehors de ceux programmes. Resultats : Durant l’annee 2013, 0,07 thrombose/patient/annee ont ete notees. Ce taux etait inferieur a celui de 2012 qui etait de 0,08 thrombose/patient/annee. Le groupe a haut risque, a risque modere et a bas risque avaient respectivement un taux de 0,15 thrombose/patient/annee, 0,085 thrombose/patient annee et 0,02 thrombose/patient/annee. Les angioplasties etaient dans 31% des cas consecutives a un echo doppler post angioplastie et dans 25% des cas consecutives a la demande d’une echographie par le praticien en dehors des examens programmes. 10% des angioplasties etaient dues a un examen de surveillance systematique. Discussion : La mise en place de protocole de surveillance systematique adaptee en fonction d’un niveau de risque permet de diminuer le nombre de thrombose chez des patients hemodialyses chroniques.
Gambaran grit pada mahasiswa psikologi profesi Universitas X yang menyelesaikan studi tepat waktu

Magister psikologi profesi adalah program studi lanjutan untuk mahasiswa lulusan S1 Psikologi untuk menjadi seorang Psikolog. Proses pendidikan untuk menjadi seorang Psikolog harus menempuh mata kuliah kemagisteran dan keprofesian. Berbagai macam tuntutan dalam menjalani proses studi di magister psikologi profesi berpengaruh pada ketepatan waktu studi mahasiswa. Beberapa mahasiswa merasa tidak bisa memenuhi target kelulusan yang kemudian membuat mereka melebihi waktu studi yang terjadwal. Mahasiswa yang memiliki Grit tinggi berarti memiliki konsistensi minat (Passion) dan ketekunan usaha (Perseverance) yang tinggi pula, dan sebaliknya mahasiswa dengan Grit yang rendah memiliki konsistensi minat (Passion) dan ketekunan usaha (Perseverance) yang rendah pula. Konsistensi terhadap minat dan ketekunan usaha adalah dua aspek dari Grit . Mahasiswa yang memiliki konsistensi minat membuat mereka tidak mudah merubah minatnya di bidang Psikologi, tidak mudah teralihkan ketika menyelesaikan tugas-tugas di perkuliahan dengan segala bentuk tantangan ataupun permasalahan dalam proses belajar serta tetap fokus pada tujuan untuk lulus. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan fenomenologi, sampling penelitian sesuai dengan kriteria-kriteria khusus yang telah ditentukan ( criterion sampling). Grit mengharuskan bekerja keras melalui tantangan, dan mempertahankan usaha dan minat selama bertahun-tahun terlepas dari kegagalan, kesulitan, dan kemerosotan dalam kemajuan. Grit terkait dengan keberhasilan akademik dan profesional terlepas dari IQ. Grit dan ketahanan sering disebut sebagai faktor kunci dalam mengatasi tekanan kesehatan mental dan merupakan konsep penting untuk dipelajari untuk lebih memahami perilaku yang seharusnya dalam mencapai keberhasilan tanpa terkendala factor eksternal yang mempengaruhi proses akademik.
Tribocorrosion Behaviour of Ti6Al4V Produced by Selective Laser Melting for Dental Implants

Additively produced Ti6Al4V implants display mechanical properties that are economically infeasible to achieve with conventional subtractive methods. The aim of the present research work was to characterize the tribocorrosion behaviour of the newly produced Ti6Al4V, also known as titanium grade 5, by a selective laser melting (SLM) technique and compare it with another specimen produced by a conventional method. It was found that the tribological properties were of the same order, with the wear rate being k= 6.3 × 10−4 mm3/N·m and k = 8.3 × 10−4 mm3/N·m for respectively, SLM and conventional method. Regarding the friction behaviour, both methods exhibited similar COF in the order of 0.41–0.51. However, electrochemically, the potentiodynamic polarization curves presented some differences mainly in the potential range of the passive films and passive current density formed, with the passive current density being lower for the SLM method.
Care of Older Persons During and after Disasters: Meeting the Challenge

Background: Older adults have greater vulnerability in disasters and public health emergencies. Aims: This article reviews the associated risk factors, issues in provision of care and methods of intervention reported in the literature, with an objective of improving the understanding that may help to systematize the care of the elderly in disaster situations. Method: Literature was searched in PubMed on themes of disaster, older persons and care and the available articles were reviewed for relevant content. Results: Older adults have increased morbidity and mortality secondary to disasters. Many factors contribute to this. A considerable proportion of older people have pre-existing physical and mental illnesses, disabilities and individual specific needs of care. Some of them are dependent on the health and social care systems, in nursing or old-age homes which requires additional and specific effort to meet their need. It becomes challenging to address these needs in the context of disasters, considering inadequate resources; and in fact many elderly people often do not seem to get the priority intervention they deserve. However there are many examples of systems, pre-disaster preparedness and action plans which focus on the care of elderly to improve the outcome and decrease the impact of disasters. With a coordinated disaster response with multidisciplinary agencies, the communities can help their elders effectively. Conclusion: Although the older adults are recognised as a vulnerable group, their needs are inadequately addressed in disaster situations. There is a need to prioritise their care in all phases of the disaster response to decrease the morbidity and mortality.
Low Back Pain, Disability and Quality of Life among University Students

Background: Back pain is one of difficulties in communities that has negative effect on various aspect of life. The purpose of this study is to assess the aspects of life quality and its relationship with disability due to low back pain among students. Methods and Material: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 200 eligible students were enrolled through purposive available sampling. Data was obtained based on demographic data questionnaire, the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and SF-36 inventory. All data were entered into SPSS version 19 and analyzed. Results: Results of this study showed that 60.3 percent (114 people) of students were living with low back pain. Based on Roland-Morris disability questionnaire, 80 percent (91 people) of those with low back pain were suffered from disability. The chi-square test showed there was a significant relationship between quality of life (QOL) (mental health and social function) and disability due to low back pain,. It also was shown that indirect relationship between all aspects of QOL and disability due to low back pain was existed. Conclusion: This study indicated low back pain could affect not only on students' physical aspects of quality of life but also psychological and social aspects of quality of life could be decreased. Considering these effects of low back pain among students, multidimensional interventions regarding biopsychosocial dimensions recommended to improve the quality of life of this target group.
A Novel Transfer Learning Based Approach for Pneumonia Detection in Chest X-ray Images

Pneumonia is among the top diseases which cause most of the deaths all over the world. Virus, bacteria and fungi can all cause pneumonia. However, it is difficult to judge the pneumonia just by looking at chest X-rays. The aim of this study is to simplify the pneumonia detection process for experts as well as for novices. We suggest a novel deep learning framework for the detection of pneumonia using the concept of transfer learning. In this approach, features from images are extracted using different neural network models pretrained on ImageNet, which then are fed into a classifier for prediction. We prepared five different models and analyzed their performance. Thereafter, we proposed an ensemble model that combines outputs from all pretrained models, which outperformed individual models, reaching the state-of-the-art performance in pneumonia recognition. Our ensemble model reached an accuracy of 96.4% with a recall of 99.62% on unseen data from the Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center dataset.
DASC, a sensitive classifier for measuring discrete early stages in clathrin-mediated endocytosis

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in mammalian cells is driven by resilient machinery that includes >70 endocytic accessory proteins (EAP). Accordingly, perturbation of individual EAPs often results in minor effects on biochemical measurements of CME, thus providing inconclusive/misleading information regarding EAP function. Live-cell imaging can detect earlier roles of EAPs preceding cargo internalization; however, this approach has been limited because unambiguously distinguishing abortive-clathrin coats (ACs) from bona fide clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) is required but unaccomplished. Here, we develop a thermodynamics-inspired method, “disassembly asymmetry score classification (DASC)”, that unambiguously separates ACs from CCPs without an additional marker. After extensive verification, we use DASC-resolved ACs and CCPs to quantify CME progression in 11 EAP knockdown conditions. We show that DASC is a sensitive detector of phenotypic variation in CCP dynamics that is orthogonal to the variation in biochemical measurements of CME. Thus, DASC is an essential tool for uncovering the function of individual EAPs.
A history of the global carbon budget

The idea of a global “carbon budget”—the cumulative amount of “allowable” carbon emissions to meet a global temperature target—has become established as a central concept in climate science and policy. As a concept explicitly aimed at mediating between scientific knowledge and policymaking, the carbon budget has always been actively positioned in relation to ongoing policy debates, but the specific forms this concept has taken have varied. This article reviews key contributions to the carbon budget literature from the 1980s until today, in order to identify how scientists have positioned the concept between the worlds of science and policy. Three main shifts are identified in how the policy relevance of the carbon budget is envisaged in the scientific literature. The shifts can be related in part to developments in climate science, and in part to changes in international climate policy. The history of the carbon budget thus illustrates how science and policy interacts to shape dominant understandings of how climate change can be known and governed.
Treatment trends in gastroesophageal and gastric cancers in the United States.

136Background: Randomized clinical trials reported in the last decade have helped define gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) and gastric cancer (GC) treatment. It is unclear, however, how practice patterns have evolved following these trials. This study explores the trends in treatment of GEJ and GC over the past decade in the United States. Methods: Patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach and distal esophagus were identified in the National Cancer Database between 2006 and 2013. Tumor located in the distal esophagus and gastric cardia was denoted GEJ. Tumors distal to the cardia constituted GC. Tumors were categorized as early (Stage IA), locally advanced (IB-IIIC), and metastatic (IV). Detailed treatment was compared according to tumor stage and location. A time trend analysis was conducted. Results: A total of 120,729 patients (GEJ: 79,654 [66%], GC: 41,075 [34%]) were identified. Stage was similar in both groups (early: 12%, locally advanced: 55%, and metastatic: 33%). Overall, 73% of early GEJ and 74.
Use of treponemal tests to screen for syphilis

Over the past few years, the traditional algorithm for screening for syphilis-a nontreponemal test followed by a treponemal test-has been replaced in laboratories that test large numbers of samples. The new algorithm in the large, mostly commercial laboratories is to screen with a treponemal test, usually an enzyme immunoassay (EIA), followed by a nontreponemal test. Although this scheme allows for automation of the screening procedure and gives an objective result, the treponemal test cannot distinguish between active and past syphilis. For this, a nontreponemal test is necessary when the EIA test is reactive. The traditional algorithm still is used in smaller laboratories, such as public health laboratories and in sexually transmitted disease clinics, where results are needed before the patient leaves the office.
Potential of Genome-Wide Association Studies and Genomic Selection to Improve Productivity and Quality of Commercial Timber Species in Tropical Rainforest, a Case Study of Shorea platyclados

Shorea platyclados (Dark Red Meranti) is a commercially important timber tree species in Southeast Asia. However, its stocks have dramatically declined due, inter alia, to excessive logging, insufficient natural regeneration and a slow recovery rate. Thus, there is a need to promote enrichment planting and develop effective technique to support its rehabilitation and improve timber production through implementation of Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and Genomic Selection (GS). To assist such efforts, plant materials were collected from a half-sib progeny population in Sari Bumi Kusuma forest concession, Kalimantan, Indonesia. Using 5900 markers in sequences obtained from 356 individuals, we detected high linkage disequilibrium (LD) extending up to >145 kb, suggesting that associations between phenotypic traits and markers in LD can be more easily and feasibly detected with GWAS than with analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). However, the detection power of GWAS seems low, since few single nucleotide polymorphisms linked to any focal traits were detected with a stringent false discovery rate, indicating that the species’ phenotypic traits are mostly under polygenic quantitative control. Furthermore, Machine Learning provided higher prediction accuracies than Bayesian methods. We also found that stem diameter, branch diameter ratio and wood density were more predictable than height, clear bole, branch angle and wood stiffness traits. Our study suggests that GS has potential for improving the productivity and quality of S. platyclados, and our genomic heritability estimates may improve the selection of traits to target in future breeding of this species.
Intermodulation distortion analysis of a complex signal in a microwave optics transmission line

The requirements for RF fiber optic links for placement on board an Earth satellite or other spacecraft [1–3] are distinguished by a combination of additional hard indicators: by weight, overall dimensions; energy efficiency of the power supply; radiation resistance; reliability of long-term autonomous functioning; out-of-band emission level; cost. Therefore, the development of such devices is relevant and in demand.
In incontinence developing after radical prostatectomy the role of nurses on implementing behavioral therapy

Developing after radical prostatectomy urinary incontinence (UI) is a major health problem affecting the quality of life of men. Urinary incontinence patients in their care and treatment purpose is to provide continence. In the treatment of urinary incontinence surgery, medication and behavioral treatments are used. For the purposes of behavioral therapy; increasing the capacity of the bladder function and is aimed at promoting bladder control. Behavioral treatments for incontinence; diet, exercise bladder training and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is located. Diet is regulated by the bladder diary. PFME is first identified in 1948 by Arnold Kegel, which is aimed pelvic to strengthen the muscles of the base and are expressed in improving the urethral sphincter function. In the literature, in the treatment of incontinence; with drug therapy or surgery, it should be emphasized also behavioral therapy.
Design and fabrication of a lightweight AR headset demonstrator using a buried Fresnel mirror combiner

A compact lightweight AR headset architecture is presented employing a semi-transparent Fresnel mirror combiner. As compared to a grating combiner this design approach minimizes diffractive color aberrations by working in a high order blazed grating regime. Two different technologies, gray scale lithography as well as anisotropic wet-chemical etching of silicon wafers were evaluated for manufacturing of the Fresnel element. A first monocular demonstrator was assembled and analyzed analytically, numerically as well as experimentally. A crucial point in the manufacturing of the Fresnel combiner element was the high degree of surface shape accuracy of the working Fresnel edges as well as the embedding polymer layer to ensure optical imaging quality. Currently, only the wet-chemical etching technology could provide sufficiently good results. Two main reasons for aberrations could be traced down: grating effects of the Fresnel structure and asymmetric refraction at the embedding layer. As a result, different kinds of color aberration will be generated. Additionally, the asymmetric refraction causes different types of distortion. Two approaches for compensating color aberrations could be derived: optical pre-compensation of the lateral color caused by the embedding layer as well as optimizing the Fresnel structure to minimize grating effects.
Cardiac biomarkers by point-of-care testing – back to the future?

Abstract The measurement of the cardiac troponins (cTn), cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) are integral to the management of patients with suspected acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Patients without clear electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction require measurement of cTnT or cTnI. It therefore follows that a rapid turnaround time (TAT) combined with the immediacy of results return which is achieved by point-of-care testing (POCT) offers a substantial clinical benefit. Rapid results return plus immediate decision-making should translate into improved patient flow and improved therapeutic decision-making. The development of high sensitivity troponin assays offer significant clinical advantages. Diagnostic algorithms have been devised utilising very low cut-offs at first presentation and rapid sequential measurements based on admission and 3 h sampling, most recently with admission and 1 h sampling. Such troponin algorithms would be even more ideally suited to point-of-care testing as the TAT achieved by the diagnostic laboratory of typically 60 min corresponds to the sampling interval required by the clinician using the algorithm. However, the limits of detection and analytical imprecision required to utilise these algorithms is not yet met by any easy-to-use POCT systems.