Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Policy analysis for tropical marine reserves: challenges and directions

Marine reserves are considered to be a central tool for marine ecosystem-based management in tropical inshore fisheries. The arguments supporting marine reserves are often based on both the nonmarket values of ecological amenities marine reserves provide and the pragmatic cost-saving advantages relating to reserve monitoring and enforcement. Marine reserves are, however, only one of a suite of possible policy options that might be used to achieve conservation and fisheries management objectives, and have rarely been the focus of rigorous policy analyses that consider a full range of economic costs and benefits, including the transaction costs of management. If credible analyses are not undertaken, there is a danger that current enthusiasm for marine reserves may wane as economic performance fails to meet presumed potential. Fully accounting for the value of ecological services flowing from marine reserves requires consideration of increased size and abundance of focal species within reserve boundaries, emigration of target species from reserves to adjacent fishing grounds, changes in ecological resilience, and behavioural responses of fishers to spatially explicit closures. Expanding policy assessments beyond standard cost-benefit analysis (CBA) also requires considering the impact of social capital on the costs of managing fisheries. In the short term, the amount of social capital that communities possess and the capacity of the state to support the rights of individuals and communities will affect the relative efficiency of marine reserves. Reserves may be the most efficient policy option when both community and state capacity is high, but may not be when one and/or the other is weak. In the longer term, the level of social capital that a society possesses and the level of uncertainty in ecological and social systems will also impact the appropriate level of devolution or decentralization of fisheries governance. Determining the proper balance of the state and the community in tropical fisheries governance will require broad comparative studies of marine reserves and alternative policy tools.
A Safe and Efficient Storage Scheme Based on BlockChain and IPFS for Agricultural Products Tracking

The adoption of agricultural products traceability management based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology provides excellent benefits for the current food safety issues. The provenance data can demonstrate agricultural products movement process from the countryside to the dining table. However, the massive provenance data incurs an inefficient query. Meanwhile, the provenance data can be tampered deliberately which affect food safety. There are seldom reported approaches that can solve the above problem effectively. In this paper, we propose a data storage model based on Inter-Planetary File System (IPFS) and blockchain. First, IPFS is used to store video, images, and real-time monitoring data reported from the sensors. Then, in order to avoid a malicious user in case of data faking attack, we exploit the blockchain to store the IPFS hash address of the provenance data. Based on that, we design an authentication mechanism based on blockchain. It can verify the data and ensures effective data security. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can outperforms the existing methods.
Depth Map Quality Evaluation for Photographic Applications

As depth imaging is integrated into more and more consumer devices, manufacturers have to tackle new challenges. Applica- tions such as computational bokeh and augmented reality require dense and precisely segmented depth maps to achieve good re- sults. Modern devices use a multitude of different technologies to estimate depth maps, such as time-of-flight sensors, stereoscopic cameras, structured light sensors, phase-detect pixels or a com- bination thereof. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the quality of the depth maps, regardless of the technology used to produce them. The aim of our work is to propose an end-result evalua- tion method based on a single scene, using a specifically designed chart. We consider the depth maps embedded in the photographs, which are not visible to the user but are used by specialized soft- ware, in association with the RGB pictures. Some of the aspects considered are spatial alignment between RGB and depth, depth consistency, and robustness to texture variations. This work also provides a comparison of perceptual and automatic evaluations.
Opposition principles and Antonyms in Medical Terminological Systems: Structuring Diseases Description with Explicit Existential Quantification

The Agence de la Biomédecine (BMA) maintains a national information system where the transplantation teams record patients data. In order to facilitate data recording and to support inter-operability with local and international registries, the BMA-IS comprises a terminological system structured around a medical diseases-centered ontology. BMA-IS provides tools for mapping multiple terminological standards and ad-hoc specialized thesaurus onto the diseases ontology. It also provides ontology editing functionalities: adding a type within the hierarchy by creating a new subtype from a current concept according (or not) to the current concept schema, creating conceptual relations, defining description schema, refining the schema for a given concept, adding and deleting hyponyms and hyperonyms to a given concept. This paper reports on the treatment of antonymy in diseases terminologies. It focuses on the manner we have systematically built up the diseases ontology in specifying progressively the existence then the type of refining concepts according to a global meta-schema describing diseases.
Benzyl adenine in plant tissue culture- succinct analysis of the overall influence in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill.] seed and shoot culture establishment

Cytokinins like benzyl adenine (BA) serve many principal functions in plant development and morphogenesis. BA is involved in the regulation of cell division, adventitious shoot formation, and the reduction of apical dominance, including root formation. It retards the senescence of leaves, promotes flowering and fruiting. Apart from the positive progress so far achieved, excessive amounts of BA have also proved detrimental, and caused irreversible changes on seedlings and explants grown through plant tissue culture. Therefore, this review paper analyzed literatures to evaluate the role of BA in plant tissue culture and its effects on soybean seed and shoot culture establishment. The analyses have clearly confirmed that BA continues to be a key role player on promoting the growth of stout seedlings during seed germination and explant preparation, and for the formation of desired adventitious multiple shoots during in vitro regeneration of soybean.
Maturation arrest of human oocytes as a cause of infertility: Case report

Maturation arrest of human oocytes may occur at various stages of the cell cycle. A total failure of human oocytes to complete meiosis is rarely observed during assisted conception cycles. We describe here a case series of infertile couples for whom all oocytes repeatedly failed to mature during IVF/ICSI. Eight couples, all presenting with unexplained infertility, underwent controlled ovarian stimulation followed by oocyte retrieval and IVF/ICSI. The oocytes were stripped of cumulus cells prior to the ICSI procedure and their maturity status was defined. In each couple, oocyte maturation was repeatedly arrested at the germinal vesicle (GV) (n = 1), metaphase I (MI) (n = 4) and metaphase II (MII) (n = 3) stage. Oocyte maturation arrest may be the cause of infertility in some couples previously classified as having unexplained infertility. The recognition of oocyte maturation arrest as a specific medical condition may contribute to the characterization of the yet poorly defined entity currently known as 'oocyte factor'. The cellular and genetic mechanisms causing oocyte maturation arrest should be the subject of further investigation.
Response of excised gill tissue from the New Zealand scallop Pecten novaezelandiae to suspended silt

Abstract The role of turbidity in scallop mortality was investigated for two size classes of Pecten novaezelandiae (70 ± 2 mm and 20 ± 1 mm shell height), by using the “crawl” velocity of excised pieces of gill tissue as an indicator of the response to suspended silt. The crawl velocity of 3 × 5 mm pieces of gill tissue was measured in six different silt concentrations (0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3. 0.5% silt, by dry weight) and two size classes (< 10 μm and 10–30 um) of silt. Results of the study indicate that juvenile (20 mm shell height) scallops may be less tolerant of suspended silt than larger (70 mm shell height) scallops and that both size classes may be less tolerant of fine (< 10 μm) silt/clay sized particles than coarse (10–30 μm) particles. These conclusions are supported in part by data from the mortality of whole 20 mm scallops exposed to two size classes (< 10 μm and 10–30 μm) and three concentrations (0.05, 0.3, 0.6%, by dry weight) of silt. Increasing concentrations and decreasing particle .
Microalgae: The Potential for Carbon Capture

There is growing recognition that microalgae are among the most productive biological systems for generating biomass and capturing carbon. Further efficiencies are gained by harvesting 100% of the biomass, much more than is possible in terrestrial biomass production systems. Microalgae's ability to transport bicarbonate into cells makes them well suited to capture carbon. Carbon dioxide— or bicarbonate-capturing efficiencies as high as 90% have been reported in open ponds. The scale of microalgal production facilities necessary to capture carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions from stationary point sources such as power stations and cement kilns is also manageable; thus, microalgae can potentially be exploited for CO2 capture and sequestration. In this article, I discuss possible strategies using microalgae to sequester CO2 with reduced environmental consequences.
THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC TRAINING WITH DIFFERENCE DURATIONS ON SERUM IL-10 IN MIDDLE-AGED OBESE FEMALES.

Context Regular training program is recognized to play a key role in chronic low-grade inflammation in obese patients. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a continued aerobic training on serum Interleukine-10 (IL-10) as anti-inflammatory cytokine in obese women. Subjects and Methods Thirty non-trained obese women aged 30-40 years with BMI 30-36 (kg/m2) participated in the study and divided into exercise (n=15) and control groups. Exercise subjects completed a 6 weeks aerobic training at 60-75% of heart rate max and continued to 12 weeks. Anthropometrical markers and fasting blood samples were collected of all subjects at pre, mid (6 weeks) and post training (12 weeks) for measuring serum IL-10. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Significance was accepted at P<0.05. Results At baseline (pre training), there were no differences in the age, body weight and other anthropometrical indexes also in serum IL-10 between the two groups (p>0.05). Six and 12 weeks of aerobic training resulted in a significant decrease in body weight and other anthropometrical indexes and a significant increase in IL-10 compared to baseline (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in serum IL-10 between 6 and 12 weeks aerobic training (p=0.361). There were no changes in all variables in the Control group (p>0.05). Conclusion Based on this data we concluded that anti-inflammatory effects of long term aerobic training can be attributed in part to IL-10 but further studies over other markers of inflammatory profile are necessary in order to sustain the anti-inflammatory effect of aerobic training.
Primeiro registro e aspectos ecológicos de Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Agassiz, 1829) (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) como espécie introduzida na Bacia do Rio dos Sinos, RS, Brasil

Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus is popularly known as jeju or aimara. Widely distributed, occurs in many Central and South America basins, with the Sao Francisco River as type locality. In Brazil, the southernmost record of the species is the Uruguay River, Rio Grande do Sul State. This study reports the first record of H. unitaeniatus in the Patos Lagoon system, Guaiba hydrographic region, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The capture occurred in a floodplain adjacent of the Sinos River near Sao Leopoldo city (29° 44' 14.04" S and 51° 05' 11.08" W). Two specimens were collected with drag net in May 2008. One specimen was anesthetized with 2-phenoxy-ethanol solution, fixed in formalin 10%, identified and included in the Museu de Ciencias e Tecnologia da Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul fish collection. The second specimen was kept alive in aquarium. After ten months it died of Lernaea cyprinacea (Crustacea, Copepoda) infestation. The presence of Lernaea and ease of captive breading of this species support the hypothesis that the collected fish escaped from regional fish farms. The accidental capture does not necessarily reflect a self-sustaining population, but shows the absence of supervision on breeding and marketing of non-native species, which may lead to a homogenized aquatic community.
Desenvolvimento e controle de um manipulador robótico de três juntas.

Robotic manipulators are essentially mechanical arms acting by computerized control and are usually used in the industry for performing manipulation tasks such as movement of parts and materials by means of preprogrammed movements. In addition, manipulators are great tools for teaching various concepts of robotics, such as work and configuration spaces, modeling of electromechanical systems, movement planning techniques and control techniques of non-linear systems. Thus, this work had as objective, the construction of a low-cost robotic manipulator with 3 revolute joints and, later, the development of an independent joint control law, in which the cascade control technique was combined with the PID. For comparison, the on-off control was also applied. The results were relevant, although the use of the on-off control was more appropriate than the cascade control when applied to the built-in manipulator.
Identifying the sources driving observed PM 2.5 temporal variability over Halifax, Nova Scotia, during BORTAS-B

Abstract. The source attribution of observed variability of total PM 2.5 concentrations over Halifax, Nova Scotia, was investigated between 11 July and 26 August 2011 using measurements of PM 2.5 mass and PM 2.5 chemical composition (black carbon, organic matter, anions, cations and 33 elements). This was part of the BORTAS-B (quantifying the impact of BOReal forest fires on Tropospheric oxidants using Aircraft and Satellites) experiment, which investigated the atmospheric chemistry and transport of seasonal boreal wildfire emissions over eastern Canada in 2011. The US EPA Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor model was used to determine the average mass (percentage) source contribution over the 45 days, which was estimated to be as follows: long-range transport (LRT) pollution: 1.75 μg m −3 (47%); LRT pollution marine mixture: 1.0 μg m −3 (27.9%); vehicles: 0.49 μg m −3 (13.2%); fugitive dust: 0.23 μg m −3 (6.3%); ship emissions: 0.13 μg m −3 (3.4%); and refinery: 0.081 μg m −3 (2.2%). The PMF model describes 87% of the observed variability in total PM 2.5 mass (bias = 0.17 and RSME = 1.5 μg m −3 ). The factor identifications are based on chemical markers, and they are supported by air mass back trajectory analysis and local wind direction. Biomass burning plumes, found by other surface and aircraft measurements, were not significant enough to be identified in this analysis. This paper presents the results of the PMF receptor modelling, providing valuable insight into the local and upwind sources impacting surface PM 2.5 in Halifax and a vital comparative data set for the other collocated ground-based observations of atmospheric composition made during BORTAS-B.
Performance evaluation of arithmetic coding data compression for internet of things applications

<span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is known for its autonomous sensors, where it has been found to be useful during the development of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. However, WSN is also known for its limited energy supply and memory space, as it carries small-sized batteries and memory space. Hence, a data compression approach has been introduced in this paper with the purpose of solving this particular issue. This paper focused on the performance of the Arithmetic Coding algorithm. Temperature (Temp), Sea-Level Pressure (Pressure), stride interval (Stride), and heart rate (BPM) were chosen as the dataset in this project. Based on the results, the compression ratio of Temp, Pressure, Stride, and BPM were 0.428, 0.255, 0.217, and 0.159 respectively. From this analysis, BPM produced the best compression ratio. Undeniably, the Arithmetic Coding algorithm is one of the best methods to compress real-world datasets. Hence, by using this approach, it can reduce the usage of energy and memory space. </span><table class="MsoTableGrid" style="width: 444.85pt; border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext . 5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" width="593" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 63.4pt;"><td style="width: 290.6pt; border: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext . 5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 63.4pt;" valign="top" width="387"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; color: black; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is known for its autonomous sensors, where it has been found to be useful during the development of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. However, WSN is also known for its limited energy supply and memory space, as it carries small-sized batteries and memory space. Hence, a data compression approach has been introduced in this paper with the purpose of solving this particular issue. This paper focused on the performance of the Arithmetic Coding algorithm. Temperature (Temp), Sea-Level Pressure (Pressure), stride interval (Stride), and heart rate (BPM) were chosen as the dataset in this project. Based on the results, the compression ratio of Temp, Pressure, Stride, and BPM were 0.428, 0.255, 0.217, and 0.159 respectively. From this analysis, BPM produced the best compression ratio. Undeniably, the Arithmetic Coding algorithm is one of the best methods to compress real-world datasets. Hence, by using this approach, it can reduce the usage of energy and memory space. </span></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
GraphWalker: An I/O-Efficient and Resource-Friendly Graph Analytic System for Fast and Scalable Random Walks

Traditional graph systems mainly use the iteration-based model which iteratively loads graph blocks into memory for analysis so as to reduce random I/Os. However, this iterationbased model limits the efficiency and scalability of running random walk, which is a fundamental technique to analyze large graphs. In this paper, we propose GraphWalker, an I/O-efficient graph system for random walks by deploying a novel state-aware I/O model with asynchronous walk updating. GraphWalker is efficient to handle very large diskresident graphs consisting of hundreds of billions of edges with only a single commodity machine, and it is also scalable to run tens of billions of random walks with thousands of steps long. Experiments on our prototype system show that GraphWalker can achieve more than an order of magnitude speedup when running a large amount of long random walks when compared with DrunkardMob, which is tailored for random walk based on the classical system GraphChi, as well as two state-of-the-art single-machine graph systems, Graphene and GraFSoft. Furthermore, comparing with the most recent distributed system KnightKing, which optimizes for random walks and runs on cluster machines, GraphWalker achieves comparable performance with only a single machine, thereby making it a more cost-effective alternative.
Proposal and investigation of a flat type small volcano smoke antenna

In this paper, a flat type small volcano smoke antenna formed on a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), miniaturizing the well-known volcano smoke antenna with wideband characteristics [2][3], was proposed, and the VSWR, gain and directional characteristics of the proposed antenna were analyzed and measured. As a result, it was confirmed that the flat type small volcano smoke antenna was omnidirectional in the horizontal plane and VSWR 2.3 in frequency range from 3.1 to 11.5 GHz (bandwidth of 115 %) covering the UWB frequency band. And the radiation patterns for copolarization were similar to that of a typical dipole antenna. The flat type small volcano smoke antenna proposed in this paper can be easily formed on PCB and fed by the microstrip line, and therefore, it is useful for a wideband and omnidirectional antenna building in mobile and wearable equipments, etc., which requires high speed and high capacity communication.
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Induces Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Murine Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent endothelial cell mitogen that promotes angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and increases vascular permeability. VEGF is expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells and urinary VEGF excretion is increased in various glomerular disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying expression of VEGF in renal tubular epithelial cells have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we attempted to define a predominant regulator of VEGF expression using a cultured murine renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line (mProx24). VEGF protein concentration in the culture supernatant was measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. mProx24 constitutively produced VEGF at low level. Major isoforms expressed in this cell line were VEGF164 and VEGF120 determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. Among various stimuli including angiotensin II, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), lipopolysaccharides, interleukin-1β, interleukin-10 and interferon-γ, only TGF-β1 significantly increased the level of VEGF protein at 24 h in a dose-dependent manner. The steady-state mRNA level of VEGF was dose dependently increased by TGF-β1 detected by Northern blotting. Treatment with neutralizing anti-TGF-β1 antibody abolished TGF-β1-induced VEGF expression by 70%. Inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC), Ro-31-8220 and staurosporin, significantly suppressed TGF-β1-induced VEGF protein expression. These results demonstrate the role of TGF-β1 on the expression of VEGF in proximal tubular epithelial cells mediated potentially via PKC pathway. This regulatory mechanism may be associated with the progression of tubulointerstitial lesions in renal disorders.