Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of orthodontic treatment needs and oral health-related quality of life in young adults

Introduction: Our objective was to assess the effect of different orthodontic treatment needs on the oral health-related quality of life of young adults. Methods: The study sample comprised 366 young adult orthodontic patients (153 men, 213 women; age range, 21-25 years). Each participant was assessed for orthodontic treatment need and oral health-related quality of life by using the dental health component of orthodontic treatment need index and the shortened version of oral health impact profile questionnaire. Results: Orthodontic patients who had little or no, borderline, and actual need for orthodontic treatment represented 14.8%, 56%, and 29.2% of the total sample, respectively. Orthodontic treatment need significantly affected mouth aching, self-consciousness, tension, embarrassment, irritability, and life satisfaction in both sexes. Also, orthodontic treatment need significantly affected taste and relaxation in both men and women. However, pronunciation and the ability to do jobs or function effectively were not significantly associated with orthodontic treatment needs in either sex. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life of young adults. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010;137:42-7)
Evaluating Customer Satisfaction Using the ACSI Model in a Themed Restaurant in Bangkok

This is a research paper that is focused on evaluating the effects of associated factors (Quality, Service and Environmental) that influence customer satisfaction at a small restaurant.This research uses a defined population of 500 restaurant members. The calculated sample size was 222 respondents chosen using systematic random sampling. Data analysis was conducted through SPSS, v23. Appropriate tests were applied to 4 variables determined as Customer Expectation, Perceived Quality, Perceived Value and customer satisfaction extracted from the ACSI index.The result shows that females are the target purchase group. Environmental factors respond mostly to Customer expectation and Perceived Quality; Quality and Environmental factors respond mostly to Perceived Value, Quality and Service; and Environmental factors influence Customer Satisfaction. From this study, Perceived Quality and Perceived Value are significantly positive for customer satisfaction but Customer expectation does not appear to positively affect customer satisfaction.The results indicate that customers focus on the actual experience achieved and overall feeling relating to the product and service experience - which together appears to support the ACSI theory. The assessment revealed that quality and service factors relating to Customer Expectation and Perceived Quality; Service/Environmental factors relating to Perceived Value need to be facilitated, as it can improve overall customer satisfaction for small restaurants. Moreover, it was realised that the demand for further examination related to the customer satisfaction is high and the need for developing more effective service delivery improvements centred on customer feedback.
Genetic instability upon the loss of the tumour suppressor folliculin (FLCN)

Folliculin (FLCN) is a tumour suppressor protein with unclear cellular function. Inactivating germline mutations in FLCN lead to Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome. BHD patients have an increased risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Unlike other genetic disorders with a predisposition to RCC, BHD patients are prone to all tumour subtypes (Khoo et al. 2003; Hudon et al. 2010). FLCN acts as a classical tumour suppressor in that a ‘second-hit’, deactivating mutation in the second allele, is required for cellular transformation. FLCN has been implicated in numerous signalling pathways and cellular processes. Most notably it is involved in mTOR, AMPK and HIF signalling, mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy and membrane trafficking (Klomp et al. 2010; Tee and Pause 2013; Dunlop et al. 2014; Yan et al. 2016a). Despite this breadth of function, its currently unclear how FLCN loss contributes to the development of RCC. Therefore, to better define the tumour suppressor role of FLCN a protein-protein interaction assay, using FLCN as bait, was carried out. This revealed that FLCN interacts with numerous proteins involved in DNA-damage response and/or cell cycle regulation. To explore this further, RNAi was used to generate FLCN knockdown in human proximal tubule kidney cells. In this study, FLCN was demonstrated to interact with DNA dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs); the apical protein in nonhomologous end joining repair (NHEJ) of double strand DNA breaks (DSB). The association of FLCN with DNA-PKcs was shown to weaken when cells are subjected to DNA damage (via ionising radiation). As a direct consequence of FLCN knockdown evidence suggest kidney cells accumulate double-strand DNA damage. Furthermore, FLCN-deficient cells display perturbed G1/S checkpoint and it is thought these cells prematurely commit to cellular division. Ultimately, this thesis highlights a novel role of FLCN within renal cell tumorigenesis and suggests it could function to maintain genomic stability. Our basic understanding of RCC within the general population is limited. Nevertheless, genetic conditions (such as BHD) that predispose individuals to cancer, provide valuable insights into somatic tumour development. By using BHD syndrome as a model of genetic instability, further work should focus on mechanistically establishing FLCN’s role in genomic integrity and will provide valuable insight into sporadic renal cancer within the general population.
An instrument to assess HIV-related knowledge and adjustment to HIV+ status, and their association with anti-retroviral adherence

Background Findings on the association between health literacy and anti-retroviral (ARV) adherence are inconsistent. Health literacy is usually operationalized with simple tests of basic literacy, but more complex conceptions of health literacy include content knowledge. People living with chronic illness also conceptualize and experience illness in ways other than biomedical or mechanistic models of disease. Objective There are no instruments that comprehensively assess knowledge of people living with HIV concerning HIV disease and treatment; or psychological adjustment to being HIV+. Little is known about the relationship between factual knowledge, or positive identification as HIV+, and anti-retroviral (ARV) adherence. Methods Formative work with in-depth semi-structured interviews, and cognitive testing, to develop a structured instrument assessing HIV-related knowledge, and personal meanings of living with HIV. Pilot administration of the instrument to a convenience sample of 101 respondents. Key Results Respondents varied considerably in their expressed need for in-depth knowledge, the accuracy of their understanding of relevant scientific concepts and facts about ARV treatment, and psychological adjustment and acceptance of HIV+ status. Most knowledge domains were not significantly related to self-reported ARV adherence, but accurate knowledge specifically about ARV treatment was (r=0.25, p=.02), as was an adapted version of the Need for Cognition scale (r=.256, p=.012). Negative feelings about living with HIV (r=.33, p=.0012), and medication taking (r=.276, p=.008) were significantly associated with non-adherence. Conclusion The instrument may be useful in diagnosing addressable reasons for non-adherence, as a component of psychoeducational interventions, and for evaluation of such interventions. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY We developed a questionnaire for people with HIV. General knowledge about HIV wasn’t related to whether people took their medications, but specific information about treatment was. People with lots of bad feelings about living with HIV were less likely to take medications as prescribed. People who liked to think more about their decisions were more likely to take their medications.
Guiding Program Synthesis by Learning to Generate Examples

A key challenge of existing program synthesizers is ensuring that the synthesized program generalizes well. This can be difficult to achieve as the specification provided by the end user is often limited, containing as few as one or two input-output examples. In this paper we address this challenge via an iterative approach that finds ambiguities in the provided specification and learns to resolve these by generating additional input-output examples. The main insight is to reduce the problem of selecting which program generalizes well to the simpler task of deciding which output is correct. As a result, to train our probabilistic models, we can take advantage of the large amounts of data in the form of program outputs, which are often much easier to obtain than the corresponding ground-truth programs.
Integrated approach to real-time biosurveillance in a federated data source environment

Health surveillance can be viewed as an ongoing collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination of health related data for use in design, development, deployment, and evaluation of a given health system in multiple spheres (ex: animal, human, environment). As we move into a sophisticated technologically advanced era, there is a need for cost-effective and efficient health surveillance methods and systems that will rapidly identify potential bioterrorism attacks and infectious disease outbreaks. The main objective of such methods and systems would be to reduce the impact of an outbreak by enabling appropriate officials to detect it quickly and implement timely and appropriate interventions. Identifying an outbreak and/or potential bioterrorism attack days to weeks earlier than traditional surveillance methods would potentially result in a reduction in morbidity, mortality, and outbreak associated economic consequences. Proposed here are methods for achieving an integrated health surveillance system. Specifically, the research looks at a framework that would enable a user and/or a system to interpret the anomaly detection results generated via multiple aberration detection algorithms with some indication of confidence. Ideally, a framework takes into account the relationships between algorithms and produces an unbiased confidence measure for identification of start of an outbreak. Keywords. Health, disease surveillance, outbreak, bioterrorism, federated sources, aberration detection, syndromic, infectious disease.
Path sampling simulations reveal how the Q61L mutation restricts the dynamics of KRas

The GTPase KRas is a signaling protein in networks for cell differentiation, growth, and division. KRas mutations can prolong activation of these networks, resulting in tumor formation. When active, KRas tightly binds GTP. Several oncogenic mutations affect the conversion between this rigid state and inactive, more flexible states. Detailed understanding of these transitions may provide valuable insights into how mutations affect KRas. Path sampling simulations, which focus on transitions, show KRas visiting several states, which are the same for wild type and the oncogenic mutant Q61L. Large differences occur when converting between these states, indicating the dramatic effect of the Q61L mutation on KRas dynamics. For Q61L a route to the flexible state is inaccessible, thus shifting the equilibrium to more rigid states. Our methodology presents a novel way to predict dynamical effects of KRas mutations, which may aid in identifying potential therapeutic targets. Author summary Cancer cells frequently contain mutations in the protein KRas. However, KRas is a challenging target for anti-cancer drugs, in part because the dynamic behavior of flexible regions in the protein is difficult to characterize experimentally, and occurs on timescales that are too long for straightforward molecular dynamics simulations. We have used path sampling, an advanced simulation technique that overcomes long timescales, to obtain atomistic insight into the dynamics of KRas. Comparing the oncogenic mutant Q61L to the wild type revealed that the mutation closes off one transition channel for deactivating KRas. Our approach opens up the way for predicting the dynamical effects of mutations in KRas, which may aid in identifying potential therapeutic targets.
Liderança e gestão: um estudo em Organizações Não Governamentais (ONGs) na região metropolitana do Recife, PE

O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar as relações entre a liderança, as práticas de gestão estratégica e a continuidade das Organizações Não Governamentais (ONGs). A pesquisa será qualitativa. A coleta de dados será realizada através de três técnicas: entrevistas semiestruturadas com os líderes das instituições, análise documental e aplicação de questionário com os líderes e colaboradores. Serão analisadas em oito Organizações Não Governamentais que possuam sede no estado de Pernambuco. Como técnica de análise dos dados, foi utilizado o método de análise de discurso. Os resultados mostraram as relações da liderança transformacional e as práticas de gestão estratégica, entre alguns aspectos o claro entendimento das estratégias e a tradução dos objetivos para toda a instituição. Quanto às características de liderança carismática, foi identificada a capacidade elevada de comunicação, que permite direcionar a equipe aos objetivos. Os aspectos de liderança transacional que demonstram uma relação com os aspectos internos, acompanhamento das atividades, cumprimento das normas e monitoramento de erros e desvios cometidos pela equipe.
Quantification of guanosine tetraphosphate and other nucleotides in plants and algae using stable isotope-labelled internal standards

Guanosine tetraphosphate (G4P) and guanosine pentaphosphate (G5P) are signalling nucleotides found in bacteria and photosynthetic eukaryotes that are implicated in a wide-range of processes including stress acclimation, developmental transitions and growth control. Measurements of G4P/G5P levels are essential for studying the diverse roles of these nucleotides. However, G4P/G5P quantification is particularly challenging in plants and algae due to lower cellular concentrations, compartmentation and high metabolic complexity. Despite recent advances the speed and accuracy of G4P quantification in plants and algae can still be improved. Here, we report a new approach for rapid and accurate G4P quantification, applicable to plants and algae, which relies on the use of synthesised stable isotope-labelled as internal standards. We anticipate that this approach will accelerate research into the function of G4P signaling in plants, algae and other organisms.
Bone marrow smear VS Blood smear in diagnosis of Kala-azar

Background and Objectives: Bone marrow specimen is considered as superior to the blood in the laboratory diagnosis of Kala-azar. The main objective of this study is to compare these two methods of diagnosis and determine the usefulness of the diagnostic techniques. Material and Methods : This prospective cross sectional study was conducted at Janakpur Zonal Hospital, Janakpur which was aimed to determine the usefulness of the bone marrow specimen and blood specimen in the laboratory diagnosis of Kala-azar. Bone marrow aspirate and venous blood was collected aseptically from the cases were processed simultaneously. The results of these two cultures were compared. Results: Total 60 cases of Kala-azar were included in the study of which 32 were male and 28 were female. Amastigote form of Leishmania donovani were detected in 56 (93.33%) samples with high titre of parasitemiae and 119 (18%) in the blood sample with low parasitemiae. Sensitivity and Specificity of the test was calculated of the bone marrow sample test have more sensitivity (98%) and specificity (100%) over the sensitivity (90%) and specificity (96%) of blood smear test. Conclusion: Bone marrow specimens were found to be more useful than the blood sample in the laboratory diagnosis of Kala-azar. Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2015) Vol. 3 (2): 38-42
Diversified Learning Environment Alleviates Learning Impairment Caused by Contextual Stress

Environment is capable of affecting our learning ability. Existing studies reported that learning ability can be enhanced by enriched environment and impaired by stressful context. However, it is still unclear whether diversified environment can reverse or ameliorate the learning difficulty caused by stressful context. In this study, several behavioral tasks were designed to test the role of diversified environment in active avoidance learning. In the present study, sound-cued active avoidance (two-way shuttle box) acted as learning paradigm. Multiple shuttle boxes with the identical size but different designs were employed to mimic diversified environment in learning tasks. Mild but inevitable foot shocking was adopted to increase animal’s stress to certain context. To quantify the depression/anxiety level of animals, open field test, forced swimming test, light-dark box test, and elevated plus maze were performed. The following findings were reported. First, diversified learning environment could improve learning ability in active avoidance, as manifested by higher successful rate and sharper learning curve. Second, elevating the stress level of animal to a certain context could noticeably reduce its performance in active avoidance learning. Third, the learning impairment attributed to stressful context can be improved by training in diversified environments. Thus, as revealed from the results, learning impairment caused by stressful context can be alleviated by diversified learning environment which may facilitate further medical and education applications.
The 4G Healing Hashtag Digital Health, the new eHealth model : Comunitats de Pràctica en TIC i Salut mitjançant Twitter

Problem: Combining WHO-ICD, healthcare Twitter hashtags and cross-platform. mobile multi-chat apps through a collective intelligence approach, we can foster effective and cost-efficient strategies for managing public health challenges in a globalizing world and contribute to improve quality and implementation of WHO-FIC. Approach: The 4G’s stands for: Global challenges, Global conversations, Group solutions and Gamification. An example of healing ANTI-NMDA receptor encephalitis by global #conversations. Local settings: At the end of 2015 we propose to activate a hashtag for ANTI-NMDA receptor encephalitis ( #AntiNMDAr ) in the Symplur Platform. Relevant changes: For one year we have been intervening in the connection of the hashtag with the disease stakeholders. In this context, and because we were informed of the recent publication of an article that warned about the lack of awareness among psychiatrists, we designed and published tweets also including active hashtags as #Psiquiatry #Psiquiatrist; it turned out that the percentage of interaction with said hashtag was maintained at the level of 100% interaction. At the end of 2016 we also launched a #AntiNMDAr WhatsApp group that connected with Twitter through a new internet link functionality for WhatsApp groups.
Probiotic Foods in Health and Disease

"Probiotic Foods in Health and Disease" compiled by leading experts is a blend of fundamental and applied research related to the use of probiotics or beneficial organisms in enhancement of human health. The first chapter on probiotic foods today and the future, provides insights into the definitions by WHO, probiotic in developing countries, its potential mechanism and clinical challenges for the future.The important aspects of on strain identification, probiotic properties, safety issues, health claims and labeling criteria for evaluation, manufacturing and handling procedures of probiotics are dealt.
Swelling and Drying Mechanisms of Freeze-Thawed Polyvinyl Alcohol/Egg White/Montmorillonite Bionanocomposite Hydrogels

Abstract Polyvinyl alcohol and egg white bionanocomposite hydrogels loaded with montmorillonite clay were fabricated by a freezing-thawing technique. The bionanocomposite hydrogels showed an exfoliated morphology and they had a more interconnected and dense network as compared with the clay-free sample. The montmorillonite layers acted as multifunctional crosslinkers and the bionanocomposite hydrogels had nanoscale, slit-shaped pores. The swelling ratios of the bionanocomposite hydrogels were increased either by decreasing the content of incorporated montmorillonite or by increasing the pH of the swelling medium. It was found that the bionanocomposite hydrogels having a higher content of montmorillonite exhibited a slightly slower drying process with a longer drying duration. Using the Ritger-Peppas model, it was shown that the swelling and drying mechanisms for all bionanocomposite hydrogels were non-Fickian diffusion. According to the Peppas-Sahlin model, it was found that the absorption of the swelling agent molecules during the swelling process and also the removal of water molecules during the drying process in the early stages of the processes occurred mostly due to their diffusion. At higher swelling or drying times, the contribution of the relaxation (for swelling) and shrinkage (for drying) of the polyvinyl alcohol polymeric chains and egg white protein chains was increased.
IoT: Effective Authentication System (EAS) using Hash based Encryption on RFID Attacks

Internet of Things (IoT) is undoubtedly a well-known research area. Security on IoT communication services is the major challenge with advanced technology and devices. This paper mainly focusing on Perceptron layer based attacks and counter measures based on Effective Authentication System (EAS). This paper is ordered as outlining IoT Architecture, Types of Threats ,Perceptron Layer based attacks, sensor based communication services ,RFID mechanism ,Tag identify and verification by back end server and Hash based Effective Authentication System (EAS) to avoid pseudonym attacks . This paper proposes EAS as security measure by preventing privacy attack, pseudonym attack, location tracking and asynchronous attack.
O FATOR HUMANO DA CIBERSEGURANÇA NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES

evolução tecnológica é exponencial e a sociedade demonstra estar cada vez mais dependente tecnologia, pessoas revelam que não suficientemente preparadas evolução, pelo que se sabem proteger da realidade associada crescente número ciberataques e sofisticação. forma, fator humano representa maiores vulnerabilidades organizações, pelo que é principais alvos ciberataques. Nesse sentido, organizações devem estar cada vez mais atentas à importância do fator humano na cibersegurança, assegurando sensibilizados forma a mais resilientes, as organizações devem procurar construir cultura de cibersegurança sólida, as preocupações com a quotidiano de humano. torna-se imperativo a forma como o humano se relaciona com a cibersegurança das organizações.