Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Climate change will drive novel cross-species viral transmission

At least 10,000 species of mammal virus are estimated to have the potential to spread in human populations, but the vast majority are currently circulating in wildlife, largely undescribed and undetected by disease outbreak surveillance1,2,3. In addition, changing climate and land use are already driving geographic range shifts in wildlife, producing novel species assemblages and opportunities for viral sharing between previously isolated species4,5. In some cases, this will inevitably facilitate spillover into humans6,7—a possible mechanistic link between global environmental change and emerging zoonotic disease8. Here, we map potential hotspots of viral sharing, using a phylogeographic model of the mammal-virus network, and projections of geographic range shifts for 3,870 mammal species under climate change and land use scenarios for the year 2070. Range-shifting mammal species are predicted to aggregate at high elevations, in biodiversity hotspots, and in areas of high human population density in Asia and Africa, driving the cross-species transmission of novel viruses at least 4,000 times. Counter to expectations, holding warming under 2°C within the century does not reduce new viral sharing, due to greater range expansions—highlighting the need to invest in surveillance even in a low-warming future. Most projected viral sharing is driven by diverse hyperreservoirs (rodents and bats) and large-bodied predators (carnivores). Because of their unique dispersal capacity, bats account for the majority of novel viral sharing, and are likely to share viruses along evolutionary pathways that could facilitate future emergence in humans. Our findings highlight the urgent need to pair viral surveillance and discovery efforts with biodiversity surveys tracking range shifts, especially in tropical countries that harbor the most emerging zoonoses.
Diagnosing gastrointestinal stromal tumours by single photon emission computed tomography using nano-radiopharmaceuticals based on bevacizumab monoclonal antibody

The use of nanoparticles is increasing each day. Although only a few nanoparticle drugs are on the market, their research and development are immense. In the field of cancer, the number of new drugs is very large, however, the efficacies of those drugs are very limited. In this study we developed a new radioactive nanoparticle for gastrointestinal stromal tumour imaging and early detection. The results suggest that this nanoparticle may be used for imaging as well as for treatment due the efficacy and inherent quality of nanoparticle systems, especially regarding the higher enhanced permeability and retention effect.
Medicinal Plants - Old Wine in a New Bottle

Medicinal plants have been used in Ayurvedic medicine. Every part of a medicinal plant have potential medicinal property, its processed extract can be used as a remedial source in various human diseases. These types of medicinal plants may be herb or shrub and locate in common places of particular area, but have a great content to cure many human diseases. In resent research carried out indicate its important uses. Medicinal plants have been a major source in the maintenance of health, as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or physical and mental illness. In response to the global need for scientific information on medicinal plants, the present works have some relevant information on the some biological and chemical aspects [1,2].
KADAR FERITIN SERUM DAN HEMOGLOBIN PADA WANITA PASANGAN PENGANTIN BARU DI KOTA PADANG SERUM FERRITIN AND HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION OF NEW MARRIED WOMEN IN PADANG

A B S T R A K Suplementasi zat besi selama kehamilan tidak terbukti secara klinis untuk memecahkan masalah anemia defisiensi besi saat kehamilan. Prevalensi anemia pada wanita hamil adalah 18% di dunia, 37,5% di Asia, dan 13,5 % di Kota Padang. Serum feritin dan konsentrasi hemoglobin digunakan untuk menguji Anemia Defesiensi Besi (ADB). ADB diperkirakan sudah ada sebelum hamil. Kesediaan zat besi didalam tubuh harus dipersiapkan sebelum masa kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar feritin serum dan kadar hemoglobin pada wanita yang baru menikah di Kota Padang. Desain penelitian ini adalah studi deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional dan dilakukan pada 50 wanita pasangan pengantin baru, dengan metode consecutive sampling . Setiap peserta diwawancarai untuk data karakteristik dan mengambil sampel darah untuk mengevaluasi serum feritin dan hemoglobin. Ferritin serum dan hemoglobin diperiksa oleh Immulite 2000 Ferritin dan Sysmex SF-3000 dan data dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kadar feritin serum wanita pasangan pengantin baru < 20 µg/dl sebanyak 27 orang (54%), kadar Hb < 12 g/dl sebanyak 17 orang (34%). Simpulan penelitian ini lebih dari separoh wanita pasangan pengantin baru memiliki kadar feritin rendah meskipun kadar Hb normal. K a t a k un c i : Feritin ; Hemoglobin ; Anemia AB S T RAC T Iron supplementation during pregnancy is not clinically proven to solve the problem of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women is 18% in the world, 37.5% in Asia, and 13.5% in the city of Padang. Ferritin serum and hemoglobin concentration were used to test Iron Deficiency Anemia (ADB). ADB is estimated to have existed before becoming pregnant. Availability of iron in the body must be prepared before pregnancy. This study aims to determine serum ferritin levels and hemoglobin levels in newly married women in the city of Padang. The design of this study was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design and was conducted on 50 women newlywed couples, with a consecutive sampling method. Each participant was interviewed for characteristic data and took blood samples to evaluate serum ferritin and hemoglobin. Serum ferritin and hemoglobin were examined by Immulite 2000 Ferritin and Sysmex SF-3000 and data were analyzed by descriptive analysis. The results showed serum ferritin levels of newlywed couples <20 µg / dl were 27 people (54%), Hb levels <12 g / dl were 17 people (34%). The conclusions of this study are more than half of newlywed female couples have low ferritin levels despite normal Hb levels. Keywords: Ferritin; Hemoglobin; Anemia
Data-based Analysis Methods for the State Controllability and State Observability of Discrete-time LTI Systems with Time-delays

We present a couple of data-based methods to analyze the state controllability and state observability of discrete-time Linear time-Invariant (LTI) systems with time-delays, which have unknown parameter matrices. They first augment the system into a high dimensional LTI model, then apply the measured state and output data to directly build the controllability and observability matrices respectively of this high dimensional model, whose ranks are used as the criteria of the corresponding properties of the system before augmentation. These data-based methods have low computational load and calculation complexity.
Dynamic and hierarchical processing in the monkey somatosensory cortex

Integration of somatic sensory information proceeds within the postcentral gyrus in a hierarchical manner. In its caudal part, compared with the rostral part, are found more neurons with large receptive fields covering multi-fingers. Specific types of stimulation rather than simple somatic stimulation are required to fully activate many of the caudal neurons. They fire more briskly by a particular mode of hand actions such as stretching an arm toward an object, scratching surface with finger tips, grasping an object with the thumb and radial fingers etc. Distribution of the stretching, scratching, or grasping neurons overlapped with that of proximal joints, that of the neurons with large receptive fields (functional surfaces) representing either finger tips or the radial half of the hand respectively
Response of Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) cv. ‘Great Smoky Mountains’ to Foliar Application of Putrescine, Spermidine and Salicylic Acid

The experiment was carried out in the lath house at the Station Research of Horticulture and Landscape Department/College of Agriculture/University of Diyala, Iraq for the fall season 2016-2017. The experiment included two factors, first one foliar application with polyamines (PAs), putrescine and spermidine, at concentrations of 0 (distilled water as control), 50 and 100 mg.l−1 of putrescine, and 50, 100 mg.l−1 of spermidine. The second factor was foliar spray with salicylic acid (SA) at concentrations of 0, 100 and 200 mg.l−1. Foliar application of PAs (putrescine and spermidine) led to enhance all vegetative growth and flowering qualities of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) cv. ‘Great Smoky Mountains’. Treatment with 100 mg.l−1 of spermidine gave the best results in terms of number of leaves, leaves area, relative chlorophyll content of leaves, flowering date, length and diameter of flower stalk, percentage of dry material in flowers. While, treatment with 100 mg.l−1 of putrescine gave the best results in terms of percentage of leaves dry material, number of flowers, and flower diameter. Foliar spray with SA affected positively in most vegetative and flowering qualities of gerbera, the best results were achieved when sprayed with 200 mg.l−1 in terms of percentage of leaves dry material, number of flowers, flower diameter, flower stalk length, percentage of flowers dry material. While, spraying with 100 mg.l−1 gave the best results in terms of number of leaves, leaves area, relative chlorophyll content of leaves, flowering date and diameter of flower stalk. Interaction between PAs (putrescine and spermidine) and SA showed significant improvement in all vegetative and flowering characters of gerbera. Treatment of 100 mg.l−1 of spermidine combined with 100 mg.l−1 of salicylic acid gave the best results in terms of number of leaves, leaf area, relative chlorophyll content in leaves, flowering date, flower diameter, length and diameter of flower stalk, percentage of flowers dry material. Treatment of 100 mg.l−1 of putrescine combined with 200 mg.l−1 of salicylic acid was surpassed in giving best total content of carbohydrate in leaves and number of flowers.
Parésies et paralysies diaphragmatiques : approche diagnostique : pneumologie

Les dysfonctionnements diaphragmatiques qu'ils soient unilateraux ou bilateraux constituent un groupe heterogene d'affections dont le substrat anatomique peut impliquer le systeme nerveux central, les voies de conduction ou le muscle lui-meme. Ils peuvent se presenter de maniere isolee ou survenir dans le cadre d'une maladie systemique ou d'une pathologie neuromusculaire evolutive. Les atteintes les plus frequentes resultent toutefois d'une intervention cardiaque ou cervicale, les autres causes demeurant plus rares. Devant la survenue d'une atteinte diaphragmatique isolee, l'anamnese demeure un point cle; le bilan initial (biologique, radiologique, fonctionnel et electromyographique) a pour but d'une part, de confirmer le diagnostic, de quantifier le degre de dysfonctionnement, de localiser le niveau de la lesion afin d'aboutir a un diagnostic et d'autre part, d'ecarter une neoplasie sous-jacente.
Histochemical Staining of Acetylcholinesterase in Carnolian Honeybee (Apis mellifera carnica) Brain after Chronic Exposure to Organophosphate Diazinon

Abstract Organophosphate insecticides are known to inhibit the activity of enzyme acetylcholinesterase. They affect olfactory learning and memory formation in honeybees. These insecticides cause mushroom body inactivation in honeybees, but their influence on other brain regions involved in olfactory perception and memory is unknown. The goal of this study was to study the effects of organophosphate insecticide diazinon on carnolian honeybee (Apis mellifera carnica) acetylcholinesterase activity in the olfactory brain regions of antennal lobe, mushroom body and lateral procerebrum (lateral horn). The lamina, medulla and lobula of optic lobes were also analyzed. The level of acetylcholinesterase activity was visualized using the histochemical staining method. Densitometric analysis of histochemical signals indicated that diazinon inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity only in the lip of calyces of mushroom body, but not in other analyzed olfactory regions, antennal lobe and lateral procerebrum. The visual brain system optic lobes were also unaffected. This is in accordance with the literature reporting that mushroom body is the main brain center for olfactory learning and memory formation in honeybees.
Generalized Kohn‐Sham energy decomposition analysis and its applications

Energy decomposition analysis (EDA) methods bridge the gap between electronic structure calculations and conceptual interpretations of molecular interactions. The recently developed generalized Kohn‐Sham EDA (GKS‐EDA) can be used to examine various molecular interactions with restricted, restricted open‐shell or unrestricted Kohn‐Sham orbitals. It supports different density functional theory functionals, including LDA, GGA, hybrid, double hybrid, range‐separated, and dispersion‐corrected density functionals. GKS‐EDA can be also efficiently applied for intermolecular interactions in solutions and intramolecular interactions when used in combination with an implicit solvation model and appropriate fragmentation method. GKS‐EDA helps us not only to understand but also to predict the structures and properties of various interacting systems within a unified approach.
Social determinants and hepatitis C among people who inject drugs in Kermanshah, Iran: Socioeconomic status, homelessness, and sufficient syringe coverage

ABSTRACT Introduction: It has been estimated that 2–4 million people in developing countries possess HCV infection driven by unsafe injection drug use each year that is extending to other population. High-risk injection behaviors are the leading cause of HCV infections among PWIDs. The purpose of this study was to survey prevalence of HCV and risk factors associated with HCV among injecting drug users. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 410 injection drug users in Kermanshah that were recruited through peer-referral and convenience sampling from two Drop-In Centers (DICs). Data were collected using structured information form, and data analysis was done with descriptive and logistic regression. Results: A total of 410 men who injected drugs participated in this study. The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 33.2 ± 7.3 (range 19–58) years, Overall, the prevalence of HCV infections was 42% (95%CI: 23.7–52.5). Trend test showed clear trends for living place, income, age of first injecting drug, age at first drug use across the two groups (P-value < 0.05), but there was no significant trend for marital status, education level, or age (P-value > 0.05). Conclusion: Developing the needle and syringe programs could reduce unsafe injection rate among PWIDs. Therefore, the more accurate and better coverage of NSP programs in PWID, the more reduce in needle sharing rate and HCV infection.
Deep-sea corals near cold seeps associate with chemoautotrophic bacteria that are related to the symbionts of cold seep and hydrothermal vent mussels

Cnidarians are known for their symbiotic relationships, yet no known association exists between corals and chemoautotrophic microbes. Deep-sea corals, which support diverse animal communities in the Gulf of Mexico, are often found on authigenic carbonate in association with cold seeps. Sulfur-oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacteria of the SUP05 cluster are dominant symbionts of bathymodiolin mussels at cold seeps and hydrothermal vents around the world and have also been found in association with sponges. Therefore, we investigated whether other basal metazoans, corals, also associate with bacteria of the SUP05 cluster and report here that such associations are widespread. This was unexpected because it has been proposed that cnidarians would not form symbioses with chemoautotrophic bacteria due to their high oxygen demand and their lack of specialized respiratory structures. We screened corals, water, and sediment for SUP05 using 16S metabarcoding and found SUP05 phylotypes associated with corals at high relative abundance (10 – 91%). These coral-associated SUP05 phylotypes were coral host specific, absent in water samples, and rare or not detected in sediment samples. The genome of one SUP05 phylotype associated with Paramuricea sp. type B3, contained the genetic potential to oxidize reduced sulfur compounds and fix carbon and these pathways were transcriptionally active. Finally, the relative abundance of this SUP05 phylotype was positively correlated with chemoautotrophically-derived carbon and nitrogen input into the coral holobiont based on stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions. We propose that SUP05 may supplement the diet of its host coral through chemoautotrophy or may provide nitrogen, essential amino acids, or vitamins. This is the first documented association between a chemoautotrophic symbiont and a cnidarian, broadening the known symbioses of corals and may represent a novel interaction between coral communities and cold seeps.
New development: The application of incomplete contract theory to documenting Social Impact Bonds

ABSTRACT Nobel laureate Oliver Hart’s work in developing a theory of incomplete contracting is relevant to explaining the evolution of the pay for success contracts that undergird Social Impact Bonds (SIBs). By its very nature, a pay for success contract that supports a SIB is likely to be functionally incomplete in that it is unable to describe and differentiate in the initial contract all relevant future states of the world in which the contract is to operate. Navigating this incomplete world can be particularly challenging when it comes to government contracting for quality outcomes in social services. Accordingly, Hart’s incomplete contracting framework can help us to think more clearly about how to document a pay for success contract that best supports a SIB transaction. IMPACT Deterministic pay for success contracts serve neither the impact goals nor the contracting parties of SIBs well. This article explains how flexibility has been built into many of the contracts that support SIBs in the USA and beyond through the use of contractual governance mechanisms. There is room, however, for improvement in these governance mechanisms –particularly their scope, composition and processes.
Proactive feedback seeking has a positive effect on career adaptability

We examined the impact of feedback seeking, including feedback inquiry and monitoring, on career adaptability via the mediator of supervisor feedback environment and the moderator of person–organization fit (P–O fit). Participants were 415 full-time employees in China, who completed the research measures in 3 waves each spaced 3 months apart. The results revealed that supervisor feedback environment mediated the relationship between feedback seeking and career adaptability, and that the effect of feedback inquiry and feedback monitoring on the supervisor feedback environment was moderated by P–O fit. The positive effect of feedback inquiry and feedback monitoring on career adaptability was significant only when P–O fit was poor (vs. good). Supervisors should encourage employees to seek feedback and organizations could also design training sessions to improve employee career adaptability, promote employee performance, and facilitate career development.
Energy-Concentrating Optimization Based on Energy Distribution Characteristics of MCR WPT Systems With SS/PS Compensation

Spatial energy distribution characteristics (EDCs) as well as power and efficiency should be considered to ensure the electromagnetic safety of people nearby when analyzing some magnetically coupled resonant wireless power transfer systems, which is difficult for circuit theory. In this article, we first propose an energy-concentrating effect (ECE) of unit transmitting active power (TAP) based on the EDCs of the system with series–series/parallel–series compensation, and we find that the area integral of the active power density on the infinite plane perpendicular to the transmission direction between the coils equals the TAP of the system, which is consistent with the result obtained by circuit theory. Several couplers are designed and optimized based on the ECE. Simulation and experimental results reveal that the optimized inner–outer ring (IOR) and disc-coil couplers increase the ECE by 10% and 32%, respectively, compared with the original spiral-coil coupler. Furthermore, the electromagnetic exposure of the human body in the same position around the three couplers indicates that the maximum induced electric field and specific absorption rate in the human body around the optimized IOR and disc-coil couplers are substantially decreased, and thus the two couplers increase the maximum allowable TAP of the system from 297 to 379 W and to 700 W.
Flattened circadian glucocorticoid oscillations cause obesity due to increased lipid turnover and lipid uptake

Chronic stressors flatten circadian glucocorticoid (GC) oscillations, which has been correlated with negative health outcomes including obesity. How such flattened circadian GC oscillations affect metabolism and fat storage remains unknown. Here we investigated the consequences in mice and found that flattening of GC oscillations results not only in body weight gain, mainly due to increases in white fat depot mass, but also leads to hyperinsulinemia and fat accumulation in brown adipose tissue. A transcriptomic analysis of white and brown adipose tissues revealed that flattened GC oscillations cause dysregulated lipid metabolism with a prominent role of the fatty acid transporter Cd36. Indeed,Cd36knockout mice are partially protected against the adverse effects of flattened GC oscillations including body weight gain and lipid accumulation in the brown and visceral white fat depots. These results provide insights on how conditions associated with flattened GC levels cause obesity.Flattening of circadian GC oscillations in mice, despite keeping mean circulating GC levels the same, results in body weight gain, lipid accumulation in both brown and white adipose tissues (BAT and WAT), and hyperinsulinemia.Markedly, flattening GC oscillations for short periods of three days is sufficient to increase lipid accumulation and mass in BAT, but longer periods are needed to increase lipid accumulation and mass in WAT.Transcriptomics analysis shows increased expression of a key regulator of fatty acid uptake, CD36, and knockout of CD36 partially protects cells from flattening GC oscillations
Supervivencia y mortalidad por tipo de terapia de reemplazo renal, en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica terminal, en una cohorte de pacientes asegurados en Colombia

En Colombia se ha podido establecer que la incidencia y mortalidad de la Enfermedad Renal Cronica Terminal continuan en aumento en los ultimos 6 anos a pesar de las estrategias de intervencion para prevencion y control de la enfermedad implementadas nivel nacional. Este trabajo busca establecer la linea de base para la poblacion asegurada en Colombia, frente a la supervivencia de pacientes en terapia de remplazo renal (TRR).