Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Typhoon Information inquiry-based WebGIS technology and management systems design and implementation

With the increasing user demand for geographic information, storage and operational problems of massive spatial data to traditional GIS technology presented a huge challenge. Application of WebGIS technology makes traditional GIS functionality is extended, to achieve effective management and utilization of geospatial data, allowing users to obtain geographic information and other functions through the network. This study combines geospatial database technology and WebGIS technology to design a query based on WebGIS typhoon information and management system, the system uses an intuitive interface, to provide users with the level of the typhoon path, such as information services, as well as related functions such as map services operations allows users at any time convenient, fast access to the typhoon information, and visual management for the conduct of typhoon analysis, prevention reference.
Systemic and Intrathecal Effects of a Novel Series of Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors on Hyperalgesia and Spinal Prostaglandin E2 Release

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) forms are expressed in spinal cord, and inhibiting spinal PLA2 induces a potent antihyperalgesia. Here, we examined the antihyperalgesic effects after systemic and i.t. delivery of four compounds constructed with a common motif consisting of a 2-oxoamide with a hydrocarbon tail and a four-carbon tether. These molecules were characterized for their ability to block group IVA calcium-dependent PLA2 (cPLA2) and group VIA calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) in inhibition assays using human recombinant enzyme. The rank ordering of potency in blocking group IVA cPLA2 was AX048 (ethyl 4-[(2-oxohexadecanoyl)amino]butanoate), AX006 (4-[(2-oxohexadecanoyl)amino]butanoic acid), and AX057 (tert-butyl 4-[(2-oxohexadecanoyl)amino]butanoate) > AX010 (methyl 4-[(2-oxohexadecanoyl)amino]butanoate) and for inhibiting group VIA iPLA2 was AX048, AX057 > AX006, and AX010. No agent altered recombinant cyclooxygenase activity. In vivo, i.t. (30 μg) and systemic (0.2-3 mg/kg i.p.) AX048 blocked carrageenan hyperalgesia and after systemic delivery in a model of spinally mediated hyperalgesia induced by i.t. substance P (SP). The other agents were without activity. In rats prepared with lumbar i.t. loop dialysis catheters, SP evoked spinal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release. AX048 alone inhibited PGE2 release. Intrathecal SR141617, a cannabinoid CB1 inhibitor at doses that blocked the effects of i.t. anandamide had no effect upon i.t. AX048. These results suggest that AX048 is the first systemically bioavailable compound with a significant affinity for group IVA cPLA2, which produces a potent antihyperalgesia. The other agents, although demonstrating enzymatic activity in cell-free assays, appear unable to gain access to the intracellular PLA2 toward which their action is targeted.
Revision cochlear implantation

Purpose of reviewCochlear implantation is a well tolerated and effective procedure in the rehabilitation of profoundly and severely hearing-impaired individuals. Cochlear reimplantation may be necessary for a variety of reasons. The recent literature regarding the indications, surgical considerations, and outcomes in revision cochlear implant (RCI) surgery is reviewed here. Recent findingsA small but significant percentage (3–8%) of all cochlear implant procedures requires RCI surgery. The most common indication for RCI is hard failure (40–80%), but other common indications include soft failures, wound complications, infection, improper initial placement, and electrode extrusions. There is a high rate of surgical success in RCI with preservation or improvement of preoperative performance in the majority of patients, in addition to the alleviation of prereimplantation symptoms. Both children and adults benefit from RCI when indicated and experience similar auditory successes following RCI. SummaryThe need for RCI is uncommon, but the potential for restoration or improvement in speech perception and alleviation of symptoms exists. Regardless of indication, RCI surgery is well tolerated, and, with thoughtful preparation, individualized patient counseling, and proper surgical technique, most patients can expect successful outcomes.
Short-term variability in body weight predicts long-term weight gain.

BACKGROUND Body weight in lower animals and humans is highly stable despite a very large flux in energy intake and expenditure over time. Conversely, the existence of higher-than-average variability in weight may indicate a disruption in the mechanisms responsible for homeostatic weight regulation. OBJECTIVE In a sample chosen for weight-gain proneness, we evaluated whether weight variability over a 6-mo period predicted subsequent weight change from 6 to 24 mo. DESIGN A total of 171 nonobese women were recruited to participate in this longitudinal study in which weight was measured 4 times over 24 mo. The initial 3 weights were used to calculate weight variability with the use of a root mean square error approach to assess fluctuations in weight independent of trajectory. Linear regression analysis was used to examine whether weight variability in the initial 6 mo predicted weight change 18 mo later. RESULTS Greater weight variability significantly predicted amount of weight gained. This result was unchanged after control for baseline body mass index (BMI) and BMI change from baseline to 6 mo and for measures of disinhibition, restrained eating, and dieting. CONCLUSIONS Elevated weight variability in young women may signal the degradation of body weight regulatory systems. In an obesogenic environment this may eventuate in accelerated weight gain, particularly in those with a genetic susceptibility toward overweight. Future research is needed to evaluate the reliability of weight variability as a predictor of future weight gain and the sources of its predictive effect. The trial on which this study is based is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00456131.
Primary and Coupled Cervical Movements: The Effect of Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index. A 3-Dimensional Movement Analysis of a Population Without Symptoms of Neck Disorders

Study Design. Exploratory experimental design. Objectives. To examine primary and coupled cervical movements, and to study the effects of age, gender, and body mass index in a “neck-healthy” population. These data could serve as a basis for future interventions and to assess normal variations. Summary of Background Data. Cervical movements are biomechanically and neurophysiologically complex. Neck disorders and trauma most often influence cervical movements. With 3-dimensional recordings, it is possible to make precise, noninvasive evaluations of how the head moves on the stable trunk, and to analyze primary and coupled movements. Methods. A total of 120 subjects (60 men and 60 women, ages 20–79), were tested with Zebris (Zebris Medizintechnik GmbH, Isny, Germany), a 3-dimensional movement analyzer. Results. Age influences the majority of primary and coupled movements. With increasing age, primary movement size decreases in all cardinal planes. Age most strongly affects the coupled movements of primary rotation and lateral flexion. Gender and body mass index have only slight influences. Conclusions. Coupled movements are a natural part of cervical motion together with primary movements and follow specific patterns in subjects with no symptoms of neck disorders. Our study shows that cervical motion alters throughout life according to specific patterns but with individual variations.
Effectiveness of aromatherapy massage in the management of anxiety and depression in patients with cancer: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE To test the effectiveness of supplementing usual supportive care with aromatherapy massage in the management of anxiety and depression in cancer patients through a pragmatic two-arm randomized controlled trial in four United Kingdom cancer centers and a hospice. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred eighty-eight cancer patients, referred to complementary therapy services with clinical anxiety and/or depression, were allocated randomly to a course of aromatherapy massage or usual supportive care alone. RESULTS Patients who received aromatherapy massage had no significant improvement in clinical anxiety and/or depression compared with those receiving usual care at 10 weeks postrandomization (odds ratio [OR], 1.3; 95% CI, 0.9 to 1.7; P = .1), but did at 6 weeks postrandomization (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.9; P = .01). Patients receiving aromatherapy massage also described greater improvement in self-reported anxiety at both 6 and 10 weeks postrandomization (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 0.2 to 6.7; P = .04 and OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 0.2 to 6.6; P = .04), respectively. CONCLUSION Aromatherapy massage does not appear to confer benefit on cancer patients' anxiety and/or depression in the long-term, but is associated with clinically important benefit up to 2 weeks after the intervention.
Prevalence and correlates of alcohol use among older adults.

BACKGROUND The 1990 Health Promotion and Disease Prevention supplement to The National Health Interview Survey was used to develop point-prevalence data about drinking for four age groups, 55-64, 65-74, 75-84, and over 84, and to assess the impact of sociodemographics, health status, and health belief variables on light, moderate, and heavy alcohol consumption. The number of observations in the unweighted sample was 12,819, and the weighted sample contained 51,046,521 observations. METHODS The chi 2 and Cohran-Mantel-Haenszel tests were used to investigate prevalence patterns, and odds ratios were generated from logistic regressions. RESULTS Eighty percent of the sample had had at least 12 drinks during their lifetime, and 46% reported drinking during the survey year. The modal category for the number of days a respondent drank during the survey was 1-4 days, and the modal amount consumed on days that a person drank was 1-3 drinks. Age, gender, race, education, city size, labor force participation, geographic region, health status, having diabetes, and health beliefs about the adverse effects of excessive drinking and being overweight were associated with alcohol consumption, although their effects were different by drinking level. CONCLUSIONS Analyses of health behaviors among older adults must recognize the diversity within this age group. Studies of drinking should differentiate between the amount consumed. Health beliefs need to be included in subsequent studies of health behaviors among older adults.
Improved Method for the Isolation of Thymine-Requiring Mutants of Escherichia coli

Thymine-requiring mutants of Escherichia coli were rarely found before the observation by Okada, Yanagisawa, and Ryan (Z. Vererbungslehre 92:403, 1961) that cultures of bacteria grown in the presence of high concentrations of aminopterin, thymine, purines, and serine contain a surprising number of cells unable to synthesize their own supply of thymine. They showed that these thymine-dependent mutants could grow much faster in the presence of aminopterin than the parent strains, even though both were supplied with adequate amounts of those metabolites whose syntheses are blocked by aminopterin. These observations provided the basis for a widely used method of isolation of this special class of mutants. The greater efficiency of a simplified medium was reported by Okada, Homma, and Sonohara (J. Bacteriol. 84:602, 1962). We also found that the yield of thymutants was greatly increased if a completely minimal medium, usually M9, containing only thymine (50 ,g/ml) in addition to aminopterin (300 ,ug/ml) was used as the isolation medium. The absence of the other metabolites, for whose synthesis tetrahydrofolate is required, appears to increase the selection pressure in favor of the thymine-dependent mutants. In some experiments, after 48 hr of growth in this medium, the percentage of colony-formers unable to make their own supply of thymine approached 100%. In these experiments, it was much more difficult to isolate thymutants from strains that require vitamin B1 (thiamine). Pine (J. Bacteriol. 79:827, 1960) presented evidence that aminopterin enters the cells of Bacillus subtilis mainly by active transport by the thiamine permease, and that the addition of small amounts of thiamine or a similar pyrimidine affords a great deal of protection against the growth inhibition caused by aminopterin (Pine, J. Bacteriol. 79:835, 1960). It is likely that the added B1 in the medium similarly protects the B1-requiring strains of E. coli. The high concentrations of aminopterin required to inhibit E. coli are necessary because, like B.
A multicentre, parallel‐group comparison of calcipotriol ointment and short‐contact dithranol therapy in chronic plaque psoriasis

Summary Short‐contact treatment with dithranol (anthralin) is a widely used treatment for chronic plaque psoriasis. Although effective, it causes staining and irritation, and is therefore inconvenient. Calcipotriol is a recently developed vitamin D analogue which is effective and easy to use. To evaluate the relative efficacy, safety and acceptability of these treatments a multicentre, open, randomized, parallel‐group comparison was performed.
Complementation Analysis in PtdInsPKinase-deficient Yeast Mutants Demonstrates ThatSchizosaccharomyces pombe and Murine Fab1p Homologues Are Phosphatidylinositol 3-Phosphate 5-Kinases*

Phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P 2) is widespread in eukaryotic cells. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae,PtdIns(3,5)P 2 synthesis is catalyzed by the PtdIns3P 5-kinase Fab1p, and loss of this activity results in vacuolar morphological defects, indicating that PtdIns(3,5)P 2 is essential for vacuole homeostasis. We have therefore suggested that all Fab1p homologues may be PtdIns3P 5-kinases involved in membrane trafficking. It is unclear which phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases (PIPkins) are responsible for PtdIns(3,5)P 2synthesis in higher eukaryotes. To clarify how PtdIns(3,5)P 2 is synthesized in mammalian and other cells, we determined whether yeast and mammalian Fab1p homologues or mammalian Type I PIPkins (PtdIns4P 5-kinases) make PtdIns(3,5)P 2 in vivo. The recently cloned murine (p235) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe FAB1homologues both restored basal PtdIns(3,5)P 2synthesis in Δfab1 cells and made PtdIns(3,5)P 2 in vitro. Only p235 corrected the growth and vacuolar defects of fab1 S. cerevisiae. A mammalian Type I PIPkin supported no PtdIns(3,5)P 2 synthesis. Thus, FAB1and its homologues constitute a distinct class of Type III PIPkins dedicated to PtdIns(3,5)P 2 synthesis. The differential abilities of p235 and of SpFab1p to complement the phenotypic defects of Δfab1 cells suggests that interaction(s) with other protein factors may be important for spatial and/or temporal regulation of PtdIns(3,5)P 2synthesis. These results also suggest that p235 may regulate a step in membrane trafficking in mammalian cells that is analogous to its function in yeast.
Rates of Benthic Protozoan Grazing on Free and Attached Sediment Bacteria Measured with Fluorescently Stained Sediment

In order to determine the importance of benthic protozoa as consumers of bacteria, grazing rates have been measured by using monodispersed fluorescently labeled bacteria (FLB). However, high percentages of nongrazing benthic protists are reported in the literature. These are related to serious problems of the monodispersed FLB method. We describe a new method using 5-(4,6-dichlorotriazin-2-yl)-aminofluorescein (DTAF)-stained sediment to measure in situ bacterivory by benthic protists. This method is compared with the monodispersed FLB technique. Our estimates of benthic bacterivory range from 61 to 73 bacteria protist-1 h-1 and are about twofold higher than the results of the monodispersed FLB method. The number of nongrazing protists after incubation for 15 min with DTAF-stained sediment is in agreement with theoretical expectation. We also tested the relative affinity for FLB of protists and discuss the results with respect to a grazing model.
Rarity of anti–3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase antibodies in statin users, including those with self‐limited musculoskeletal side effects

Statins, among the most commonly prescribed medications, are associated with a wide range of musculoskeletal side effects. These include a progressive autoimmune myopathy with anti–3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase (anti‐HMGCR) antibodies that requires immunosuppression. However, it remains unknown whether these antibodies are found in statin users with and without self‐limited musculoskeletal side effects; this limits their diagnostic utility. The current work assessed the prevalence of anti‐HMGCR antibodies in these groups of statin users.
Diez referencias destacadas acerca de: psicopatología y terrorismo

El conocimiento sobre las repercusiones psicologicas en victimas de ataques terroristas ha suscitado el interes de los investigadores desde hace decadas, pero se ha reavivado despues de dos fechas que, sin duda, ya son historicas: 11-S en EE.UU. y 11-M en Espana. El volumen de trabajos que versan sobre victimas del terrorismo es elevado, pero este aumenta significativamente cuando se anade el descriptor 11 de septiembre. Cabe resaltar el esfuerzo que los investiga-dores americanos han realizado a la hora de llevar a cabo estudios de campo, aunque tambien, hemos de mencionar que todos estan subvencionados en mayor o menor medida por algun tipo de organizacion, ya sea estatal o privada. En Espana, por el contrario, llama la atencion, la escasez de estudios solidos sobre el impacto psicologico del terrorismo ligado a ETA, si tenemos en cuenta, que es un pais que esta siendo azotado por este tipo de acontecimientos desde hace mas de 30 anos. Del mismo modo, la productividad cientifica en relacion con los sucesos del 11-M no ha sido tan elevada, si la comparamos por ejemplo, con la que se ha podido generar en los Estados Unidos en cuanto al 11-S, si bien, es cierto que el periodo de tiempo transcurrido desde los hechos de Madrid es aun breve. Por otro lado, destaca que gran parte del material al que se ha podido acceder con relacion a las consecuencias psicologicas del terrorismo dentro de nuestras fronteras, tenga un caracter divulgativo y de autoayuda, mas que cientifico. Sin embargo, resalta el esfuerzo significativo desarrollado por los equipos de investigacion de J. J. Miguel-Tobal, M. Munoz y C. Vazquez, todos ellos pertenecientes a la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, que nos estan permitiendo aproximarnos a las secuelas que acontecimientos, tan desconcertantes como los del 11-M, han dejado en la salud mental de quienes se han visto afectados directa e incluso indirectamente. Todos los aspectos resenados hasta ahora, han contribuido a que haya resultado bastante compleja la labor de seleccionar los 10 trabajos mas representativos. Para ello, hemos establecido una serie de “requisitos”, aun a sabiendas de que pueden no ser los mas acertados. Por un lado, se han incluido estudios provenientes de autores americanos y europeos (aunque la proporcion entre unos y otros no es homogenea) e incluso, se ha considerado uno de procedencia israelita; intentando asi, que quedaran re-cogidos casi todos los acontecimientos terroristas de mayor significacion a escala mundial. Ademas, se ha procurado que los objetivos de los estudios fueran diversos y sobre distintos tipos de poblaciones, si bien hemos hallado, en algunos casos, la colaboracion de los mismos autores en distintos trabajos, aunque dando respuestas a hipotesis diferentes en cada uno. Cabe destacar, que tal y como era previsible, la mayoria de las investigaciones escogidas han tomado el Trastorno por
[Relationship between PEF and SpO2 on acute asthma attack in children].

We evaluated the relationship between PEF and SpO2 on 126 acute asthma attacks of 52 asthmatic children (25 males, 27 females, age 6-17 yrs-old) whose PEF and SpO2 being measured either before or after inhalation of beta-agonist at out-patient clinic. In the whole age group over 6 yrs-old, values of %PEF were proportional to individual SpO2 (n = 76, R = 0.472, p < 0.001). However, the relationship between %PEF and SpO2 in the present study was different from that of the guideline proposed by WHO (Global Initiative for asthma, GINA), showing that the value of SpO2 corresponding to %PEF was higher in the present study than in GINA. Regarding the difference in age group, significant relationship between %PEF and SpO2 was observed in both lower (6-9 yrs-old) and middle age group (10-12 yrs-old) but not in older age group (over 12 yrs-old). Also, there was a significant relationship between %PEF and SpO2 in cases whose pulmonary function during stable condition showed no-obstructive change (FEV1.0% > 80%), but not in cases with obstructive change. On the other hand, averaged values of %PEF, SpO2, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) before inhalation of beta-agonist at out-patient clinic in cases with or without admission were 32.3% vs 50.0%, 93.0%, vs 95.0%, 115 bpm vs 100 bpm, and 27/min vs 25/min respectively, those difference being statistically significant. Although measurement of SpO2 is thought to be a useful index for assessing severity of childhood asthma exacerbation, clinician should recognize that value of SpO2 could be greater than 91% even though % predicted PEF is less than 60%. Especially in older age group, obstructive change during stable condition may disturb the relation of SpO2 to %PEF. In such cases, not only SpO2 but also PEF, which is objective index of airway obstruction, should be taken into account for assessing severity of exacerbation.
Predicting Slow Recovery From Sport-Related Concussion: The New Simple-Complex Distinction

Objective:Following the Second International Conference on Concussion in Sport in 2005, a summary agreement statement was published that introduced new terminology for sport-related concussions. This new classification system is binary (ie, “simple” versus “complex” concussions). Athletes who are slow to recover (ie, >10 days) are classified as having complex concussions. The purpose of this study was to determine if high school football players, retrospectively classified as having a simple or a complex concussion, could be differentiated in the first 48 after injury on the basis of symptom reporting or neuropsychological testing. Design:Case-control study. Setting:Pennsylvania high school football programs. Participants:The total sample consisted of 114 concussed high school football players who were identified through a 3 year prospective cohort study. Interventions:All completed a computerized neuropsychological screening evaluation within 72 hours of injury. They were followed clinically until they recovered and were cleared to return to play. They were classified retrospectively as having a simple (n = 55) or complex (n = 59) concussion based on their recovery times. Main Outcome Measurements:Neurocognitive test performance and symptom ratings. Results:Within 72 hours after injury, athletes with complex concussions performed more poorly on neuropsychological testing and reported more symptoms than those with simple concussions. Athletes with complex concussions who were slow to recover were 18 times more likely to have 3 unusually low neuropsychological test scores than those with simple concussions (95% CI = 2.3-144.9). Athletes with previous concussions did not recover more slowly. Conclusions:This study provides evidence that supports and refutes the clinical usefulness of the new simple-complex concussion classification system.