Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of online social networks and competency-based management on innovation capability

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of online social networks and competency-based management on innovation capability. Design/methodology/approach The paper is theory-confirming. Theoretical relationships were tested using an empirical study of 289 firms from the Spanish biotechnology and telecommunications industries. Findings Results confirm that online social network use for internal cognitive processes (e.g. reading, searching and storing information) and external cognitive processes (e.g. sharing and co-creating knowledge) positively affects knowledge transfer. This knowledge helps firms to achieve superior competency in R&D to succeed in innovation programs. Research Limitations/implications All survey respondents were from Spain, which may limit the generalizability of findings. A longitudinal approach was not used. However, doing so would make it possible to explore time lags between online social network use, competency-based management and innovation. Practical Implications This paper highlights the potential as well as the limitations of online social networks and competency-based management in promoting innovation capability. Businesses must consciously manage the assimilation and use of online social networks to benefit from them. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by identifying effects on innovation capability at the meso-level (i.e. online social networks). Findings highlight the need for a shift in focus away from collaborating and interacting in online social networks (micro-level) and organizational contexts (macro-level) so as to improve innovation capability.
Simultaneously Enhancing the Cohesion and Electrical Conductivity of PEDOT:PSS Conductive Polymer Films using DMSO Additives.

UNLABELLED Conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) ( PEDOT PSS) has attracted significant attention as a hole transport and electrode layer that substitutes metal electrodes in flexible organic devices. However, its weak cohesion critically limits the reliable integration of PEDOT PSS in flexible electronics, which highlights the importance of further investigation of the cohesion of PEDOT PSS. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity of PEDOT PSS is insufficient for high current-carrying devices such as organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this study, we improve the cohesion and electrical conductivity through adding dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and we demonstrate the significant changes in the properties that are dependent on the wt % of DMSO. In particular, with the addition of 3 wt % DMSO, the maximum enhancements for cohesion and electrical conductivity are observed where the values increase by 470% and 6050%, respectively, due to the inter-PEDOT bridging mechanism. Furthermore, when OLED devices using the PEDOT PSS films are fabricated using the 3 wt % DMSO, the display exhibits 18% increased current efficiency.
Dynamic finite-state vector quantization of digital images

A vector quantization (VQ) scheme with finite memory called dynamic finite-state vector quantization (DFSVQ) is presented. The encoder consists of a large codebook, so called super-codebook, where for each input vector a fixed number of its codevectors are chosen to generate a much smaller codebook (sub-codebook). This sub-codebook represents the best matching codevectors that could be found in the super-codebook for encoding the current input vector. The choice for the codevectors in the sub-codebook is based on the information obtained from the previously encoded blocks where directional conditional block probability (histogram) matrices are used in the selection of the codevectors. The index of the best matching codevector in the sub-codebook is transmitted to the receiver. An adaptive DFSVQ scheme is also proposed in which, when encoding an input vector, first the sub-codebook is searched for a matching codevector to satisfy a pre-specified waveform distortion. If such a codevector is not found in tile current sub-codebook then the whole super-codebook is checked for a better match. If a better match is found then a signaling flag along with the corresponding index of the codevector is transmitted to the receiver. Both the DFSVQ encoder and its adaptive version are implemented. Experimental results for several monochrome images with a super-codebook size of 256 or 512 and different sub-codebook sizes are presented. >
Trainee and Program Director Perceptions of Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Education

Objective. To assess the current state of quality improvement and patient safety (QIPS) education at a large teaching hospital. Methods. We surveyed 429 trainees (138 residents, 291 clinical fellows) and 38 program directors (PDs; 2 were PDs of >1 program) from 39 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited training programs. Results. Twenty-nine PDs (76.3%) and 259 trainees (60.3%) responded. Most trainees (68.8%) reported participation in projects culminating in scholarly products (39.9%) or clinical innovations (44%). Most PDs reported that teaching (88.9%) and project supervision (83.3%) are performed by expert faculty. Nearly half of the PDs (45.8%) and trainees (49.6%) perceived project-based learning to be of equal value to formal curricula. Compared with trainees, a greater proportion of PDs reported needs for funding for projects, teaching faculty to provide mentorship, and faculty development (P < .05). Conclusions. Providing additional financial, administrative, and operational support could enhance the value of curricula and projects. Developing expert teaching faculty is paramount.
Assessment of Value of Fatigue Severity and Symptoms in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Fibromyalgia

Department of Infectology and Dermatology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia. Doctoral Department, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia. Department of Family Medicine, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia. Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetic, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia. August Kirchenste in Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia. Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.
Quality-of-Life Assessment in Neurosurgical Patients

The increasing consideration being given to the assessment of patients' quality of life (QOL) in contemporary neurosurgical clinical studies can be attributed to several factors, including technologic advances with escalating costs, the lack of a clear benefit in terms of length of survival (a traditional outcome measure) in several recent clinical trials of different treatment modalities, and the obvious need to rationalize the practice of neurosurgery by adopting an evidence-based approach. The current emphasis on patients' subjective experiences, satisfaction, and preferences as the goal of health care delivery also warranted development and psychometric validation of QOL instruments to assess these experiences and preferences. Our review shows that QOL research currently progressing in neurosurgery is wide ranging, although at a different pace in the subspecialties, with more utilization of disease-specific instruments in neuro-oncology than in the other subspecialties. The prospects are therefore encouraging for improving the quality of health care in neurosurgery, the ultimate goal of outcomes measurement.
Preventing the Heterosexual Spread of AIDS

To the Editor. — In the article entitled "Preventing the Heterosexual Spread of AIDS [acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]: Are We Giving Our Patients the Best Advice? " in the April 22/29 issue, Drs Hearst and Hulley 1 state that patients should be told not to have sex with "anyone in a high-risk group who has not stopped all high-risk activities for at least six months and subsequently tested negative for HIV [human immunodeficiency virus] antibody. " This statement seems to imply that it may be safe to have sex with members of high-risk groups who have stopped high-risk activities for six months and then tested negative for HIV antibody, but the authors don't provide an estimate of HIV prevalence in such people. They divide HIV-seronegative people into two groups: those with no history of high-risk behavior and those with continuing high-risk behavior. The third possible group, seronegative people with a history of high-risk behavior who
Implante de titanio sometido a carga inmediata: Análisis histológico del tejido óseo y evaluación cualitativa y cuantitativa de la superficie del implante

Sabemos muy bien que la estabilidad de un implante endo-óseo está ligada a múltiples factores: integridad del sitio del implante, cantidad y calidad del hueso, microtopografía del implante y tiempo de recuperación clínica que permita una buena mineralización de la zona del hueso neoformado que rodea el implante. No todos los autores están de acuerdo en que el implante permanezca completamente sumergido durante la fase de recuperación. Algunos creen que la carga inmediata sobre los implantes acelera la transformación del hueso indiferenciado en hueso laminar denso, el cual resiste mejor a las fuerzas de la masticación. En el caso clínico que expondremos a continuación, el implante con cuello transmucoso colocado en el sitio del incisivo central izquierdo superior fue expuesto a trauma tres meses después de ser insertado. El caso nos permitió examinar la superficie del implante con microscopio electrónico explorador (SEM)el cual mostró células similares a osteoblastos. Estos resultados luego fueron confirmados por la biopsia histológica, la cual bajo el microscopio óptico mostró señas de remodelación ósea, es decir indicativas de que el implante se había estabilizado durante el período de curación.
The Therapy Beneath the Fun

Objective. The qualitative research presented here is part of a larger project on the significance of medical clowning during invasive examinations in children in the Department of Gastroenterology and the Center for the Sexually Abused in a hospital in Israel. It investigated what makes up the essence of medical clowning, what skills and techniques are used by medical clowns, and whether their work contains therapeutic elements. Methods. A total of 9 children undergoing invasive examinations and 9 of their accompanying parents participated in semistructured interviews, which were analyzed using a thematic analysis methodology assisted by an Atlas-ti software program. Results. The interviews revealed that the medical clowning intervention during invasive examinations was essentially therapeutic, with the clown using theatrical and clowning tools to incorporate therapeutic elements such as empowerment, reversal of role, reframing, and building a therapeutic alliance. In addition, during the invasive examinations, the medical clowning followed the model of brief crisis intervention therapy. Conclusion. The study advances the need to incorporate medical clowns as an integral part of medical teams performing invasive procedures and to include clowns in all stages of the hospital visit when children undergo invasive examinations.
Soya-Based Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

t is agreed by medical practitioners that diabetes mellitus has its cause and treatment deeply rooted in dietary factors. Two types of diabetes exist but some overlap between types occurs. Type I diabetes mellitus is the insulin-dependent type of diabetes that often presents in childhood or early adult life. In Type I diabetes mellitus the requirement for insulin is generally absolute and the afflicted may tend toward metabolic problems, such as ketoacidosis. Type II diabetes is sometimes called late-onset diabetes and it involves some resistance to the actions of insulin but Insulin secretion from the pancreas may be diminished. Approximately three-quarters of all patients with Type II diabetes are obese and major forms of obesity are associated per se with resistance to insulin. The American Diabetes Association has produced guidelines for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that are summarized in Table 1.
Converging on Program Simplicity

Why haven't scripting languages become more widely used, promoting the theme of reusability as started with JCL and Unix? Why hasn't program reuse evolved through steadily developed scripting languages and libraries of simple reusable components? Why have monstrous, icon based systems triumphed over elegant, command based ones? The answer is from lack of convergence. If convergence and simplification took place, the same language could serve for both scripting and programming-indeed there need be no distinction between the two activities. This would allow programmers to write simpler program components since they would be more general. The stage would be set for leaner software and for more software jewels. Programs would use fewer program components since they could be more easily cobbled together and adapted by scripting, that is, be more reusable. Using a common character set, programmers could write components that process alphabetic text properly, whatever language it represented, and do so for users and programmers they couldn't talk to. Programmers could more thoroughly develop these fewer program components using the shell interpreter before compilation.
Sampling and scoring: A marriage made in heaven

Most structure prediction algorithms consist of initial sampling of the conformational space, followed by rescoring and possibly refinement of a number of selected structures. Here we focus on protein docking, and show that while decoupling sampling and scoring facilitates method development, integration of the two steps can lead to substantial improvements in docking results. Since decoupling is usually achieved by generating a decoy set containing both non‐native and near‐native docked structures, which can be then used for scoring function construction, we first review the roles and potential pitfalls of decoys in protein–protein docking, and show that some type of decoys are better than others for method development. We then describe three case studies showing that complete decoupling of scoring from sampling is not the best choice for solving realistic docking problems. Although some of the examples are based on our own experience, the results of the CAPRI docking and scoring experiments also show that performing both sampling and scoring generally yields better results than scoring the structures generated by all predictors. Next we investigate how the selection of training and decoy sets affects the performance of the scoring functions obtained. Finally, we discuss pathways to better alignment of the two steps, and show some algorithms that achieve a certain level of integration. Although we focus on protein–protein docking, our observations most likely also apply to other conformational search problems, including protein structure prediction and the docking of small molecules to proteins.Proteins 2013; 81:1874–1884. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The crystal structure of methenyltetrahydromethanopterin cyclohydrolase from Methanobrevibacter ruminantium

Methenyltetrahydromethanopterin cyclohydrolase (Mch) is involved in the methanogenesis pathway of archaea as a C1 unit carrier where N5‐formyl‐tetrahydromethanopterin is converted to methenyl‐tetrahydromethanopterin. Mch from Methanobrevibacter ruminantium was cloned, purified, crystallized and its crystal structure solved at 1.37 Å resolution. A biologically active trimer, the enzyme is composed of two domains including an N‐terminal domain of six α‐helices encompassing a series of four β‐sheets and a predominantly anti‐parallel β–sheet at the C‐terminus flanked on one side by α‐helices. Sequence and structural alignments have helped identify residues involved in substrate binding and trimer formation. Proteins 2013; 81:2064–2070. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prematurity Affects Age of Presentation of Pyloric Stenosis

Term infants with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) typically present between 4 and 6 weeks. There is limited consensus, however, regarding age of presentation of premature infants. We aim to determine if there is an association between the degree of prematurity and chronological age of presentation of HPS. A total of 2988 infants who had undergone a pyloromyotomy for HPS were identified from the 2012 and 2013 NSQIP-P Participant Use Files. Two hundred seventeen infants (7.3%) were born prematurely. A greater degree of prematurity was associated with an older chronological age of presentation (P < .0001). Prematurity was significantly associated with an increase in overall postoperative morbidity, reintubation, readmission, and postoperative length of stay. When clinicians evaluate an infant with nonbilious emesis with a history of prematurity, they should consider pyloric stenosis if the calculated postconceptional age is between 44 and 50 weeks. When counseling families of premature infants, surgeons should discuss the increased incidence of postpyloromyotomy morbidity.
Detection of Multi - drug Resistant Non - typhoid Salmonella Isolates in Cases of Gastroenteritis in Egypt

Aim s : The current study aimed to determine the prevalence and multidrug resistance of non - typhoid Salmonella in patients with gastroenteritis at Minia, Egypt . The presence of tet B gene and cat gene was determined by PCR to have a clue of the resistance mechanisms to tetracycline and chloramphenicol as available and cheap drugs in treatment of non - typhoid Salmonella infections in developing countries. Methodology : Five hundred stool samples were collected from patients with gastroenteritis , attending Minia Fever Hospital , Egypt , in the period from August 2011 to January 201 4, all the participants showed negative - Widal test that was necessary to be included in the study. The stool samples were examined by standard microbiological, biochemical, inv A gene amplification by PCR
Birth outcomes of cases with right sided obstructive defects of heart a population-based case-control study

Background : Among structural birth defects, i.e. congenital abnormalities, the most common group includes congenital heart defects (CHDs), however, the underlying causes are unclear in the vast majority of cases with CHD. Objectives: Cases with different CHD-entities as homogeneously as possible are planned to evaluate. Thus the medically recorded birth outcomes of lethal or surgically corrected cases with different groups of right sided obstructive defects of heart (RSODH) were evaluated. Method: The population-based large dataset of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities was used and date were analyzed between 1980-1996, including 200 live-born cases with isolated RSODH, 72, 13,7 and 108 had congenital stenosis of pulmonary valve, atresia/stenosis of tricuspid valve, Ebsteins anomaly, and atresia/stenosis of pulmonary artery, respectively compared to 304 matched controls and 38,151 population controls without any defects. Results: A higher rate of preterm birth and low birthweight was found in cases with RSODH born in somewhat elder women with higher birth order and lower socioeconomic status. However, 4 groups of RSODH were different from epidemiological aspect, and the degree of intrauterine growth restriction depended on the group of RSODH and the sex of fetuses. Conclusions: The pathogenesis-oriented classification of RSODH is not associated with similar epidemiological birth outcomes of cases with different RSODH groups.
Crystal structures of starch binding domain from Rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase in complex with isomaltooligosaccharide: Insights into polysaccharide binding mechanism of CBM21 family

Glucoamylases are responsible for hydrolysis of starch and polysaccharides to yield β‐d‐glucose. Rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase (RoGA) is composed of an N‐terminal starch binding domain (SBD) and a C‐terminal catalytic domain connected by an O‐glycosylated linker. Two carbohydrate binding sites in RoSBD have been identified, site I is created by three highly conserved aromatic residues, Trp47, Tyr83, and Tyr94, and site II is built up by Tyr32 and Phe58. Here, the two crystal structures of RoSBD in complex with only α‐(1,6)‐linked isomaltotriose (RoSBD‐isoG3) and isomaltotetraose (RoSBD‐isoG4) have been determined at 1.2 and 1.3 Å, respectively. Interestingly, site II binding is observed in both complexes, while site I binding is only found in the RoSBD‐isoG4 complex. Hence, site II acts as the recognition binding site for carbohydrate and site I accommodates site II to bind isoG4. Site I participates in sugar binding only when the number of glucosyl units of oligosaccharides is more than three. Taken together, two carbohydrate binding sites in RoSBD cooperate to reinforce binding mode of glucoamylase with polysaccharides as well as the starch. Proteins 2014; 82:1079–1085. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Translation to Primary Care of an Effective Teen Safe Driving Program for Parents

Addressing teen driver crashes, this study adapted an effective CheckpointsTM program for parents of teen drivers for dissemination by primary care practitioners (PCPs) and the web; distributed the PCP/web program through pediatric practices; and examined dissemination to/implementation by parents. The website, youngDRIVERparenting.org , and brief intervention protocol were developed. PCPs delivered interventions and materials to parents, referred them to the website, and completed follow-up surveys. Google Analytics assessed parents’ website use. Most PCPs reported delivering interventions with fidelity, and thought the program important and feasible. Brief interventions/website referrals, averaging 4.4 minutes, were delivered to 3465 (87%) of 3990 eligible parents by 133 PCPs over an 18-week average. Website visits (1453) were made by 42% of parents, who spent on average 3:53 minutes viewing 4.2 topics. This program costs little (its website, training and promotional materials are available) and could be one component of a comprehensive approach to reducing teen driver crashes.
Gaining time: early treatment of severe pediatric malaria in Tanzania

Early effective treatment prevents death or disability from malaria. In malaria‐endemic rural areas, pediatric patients who cannot take drugs orally and require injectable treatment have to be transported to the nearest facility that can give injectable malaria drugs. If time to reach the hospital is long, pre‐referral treatment and effective referral can play a major positive role. We compare the clinical course of illness and time taken to reach hospital in patients from Study 13, a randomized controlled study of pre‐referral rectal artesunate in which rapid referral was emphasized, with a comparator group of pediatric patients admitted at the same hospital in Tanzania whose parents' actions prior to admission at the hospital reflected routine behavior. The key difference was that parents of sick children from the intervention study rapidly transferred their children to the hospital following the advice they were given. Time gained by the referral study was 48 h and this difference was reflected in less severe symptoms at admission. Efforts to improve referral advice in the community can be a powerful complement to other malaria case management strategies. Drug Dev Res 71: 92–98, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.