Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of controls for dynamic operation of carbonate fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid systems

Hybrid fuel cell/gas turbine (FC/GT) systems have been shown through experiment and simulation to be highly efficient technologies with low emissions. Maintaining efficient, low emission, and safe operation, whether during disturbances or regular operational transients, is a challenge to both understand and address. Some likely disturbances can arise from changes in ambient temperature, fuel flow variations induced by supply pressure disturbances, fuel composition variability, and power demand fluctuations. To gain insight into the dynamic operation of such cycles and address operating challenges, dynamic modeling tools have been developed at two different laboratories. In this paper these models are used to simulate the dynamic operation of an integrated MCFC/GT hybrid system and to subsequently develop and test control strategies for the hybrid power plant. Two control strategies are developed and tested for their ability to control the system during various perturbations. Predicted fuel cell operating temperature, fuel utilization, fuel cell and GT power, shaft speed, compressor mass flow and temperatures throughout the FC/GT system are presented for the controlled response to a fuel cell voltage increase in order to show the effect of a load decrease.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
Flexible binding-safe programming

Current nominal systems for safely manipulating values with names, like Pure FreshML, only support simple binding structures for those names. As a result, few tools exist to safely manipulate code in those languages for which name problems are the most challenging. We address this by applying those nominal techniques to a richer specification system, inspired by attribute grammars. Our system has the expressive power of David Herman’s λm, but is a full-fledged programming system for any kind of metaprogramming. We demonstrate our system first by implementing it in a core calculus we call Romeo, and which we prove takes α-equivalent inputs to α-equivalent outputs. Then we use the same mechanics in PLT Redex to provide similar safety guarantees in that context, and demonstrate the ease of retrofitting existing Redex models to take advantage of our binding specifications.
ENDOCRINE STUDIES AT HIGH ALTITUDE

Nine men were exposed to an altitude of 14,000 ft for 4 weeks. Sperm counts showed persistent decrease, indicating damage early in the spermatogenic cycle. A significant increase of abnormal forms, mainly of the `mature' type, was observed, revealing that damage also occurs at a late stage of spermateliosis. Motility declined without changes in live spermatozoa. Motility changes and fructose elevation
ACIDOPHILIC HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM ACIDIC MINE DRAINAGE, SEWAGE, AND SOILS

Obligately acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from weakly acidic environments such as sewage and soil as well as from acidic mine drainage. In the mine water, the bacterial populations ranged from 0 to 104 cells per ml of water or g of mud, moreover a large number of bacteria (104-106 cells per ml) were isolated from an aeration tank in which ferrous iron in the mine water was being oxidized to ferric iron by iron oxidizing bacteria. Although the population was small, 9 strains of bacteria of this type were found in 106 samples from the sewage and the soils. The bacterial characteristics of the strains isolated from acidic mine drainage were in good agreement with the genus Acidiphilium. However, the characteristics of the bacteria from weakly acidic environments differed from Acidiphilium in the pH growth range and sensitivity to organic substrates. The isolated bacteria were classified into 3 groups based on DNA base composition, cellular fatty acid composition, pH growth range and carbon sources for growth.
New Techniques for Impedance Characteristics Measurement of Islanded Microgrid based on Stability Analysis

In recent years, microgrids have been the focus of considerable attention in distributed energy distribution. Microgrids contain a large number of power electronic devices that can potentially cause negative impedance instability. Harmonic impedance is an important tool to analyze stability and power quality of microgrids. Harmonic impedance can also be used in harmonic source localization. Precise measurement of microgrid impedance and analysis of system stability with impedances are essential to increase stability. In this study, we introduce a new square wave current injection method for impedance measurement and stability analysis. First, three stability criteria based on impedance parameters are presented. Then, we present a new impedance measurement method for microgrids based on square wave current injection. By injecting an unbalanced line-to-line current between two lines of the AC system, the method determines all impedance information in the traditional synchronous reference frame d–q model. Finally, the microgrid impedances of each part and the overall microgrid are calculated to verify the measurement results. In the experiments, a simulation model of a three-phase AC microgrid is developed using PSCAD, and the AC system harmonic impedance measuring device is developed.
Differentiation of cognitive-specific states of attention: EEG when verbal memorizing and when recalling

BACKGROUND: Significant widespread differences in hemodynamics and electrodynamics between states of rest with open and closed eyes (default mode brain states) probably are consequences of involuntary shifts between interoceptive and exteroceptive modes of attention. These results make grounds for searches of similar correlates in active mental states. Results of such an attempt applied to states of verbal memorization and recollection using quantitative state-related EEG are presented. METHODS: Electroencephalograms were recorded in 88 subjects in a resting state with the eyes opened (state EO), during memorization (state M) of verbal bilingual semantic pairs (Latin and Russian), presented on a screen, and during recollection (state R) of the learned information Statistical comparison of the EEG spectral power (local synchronization) and coherence (spatial synchronization) in the frequency bands theta, alpha1, apha2, beta1, beta2 and gamma showed that induction of the states M and R led to multiple significant changes in the EEG absolute power and coherence as compared to the state EO and as compared between active states R and M. RESULTS: The results demonstrate that mnestic states of memorization and recollection are catered with rather different brain functional states reflected in system reorganizations of brain electrodynamics on the levels of local and spatial synchronizations both. CONCLUSION: The observed differences can be related to changes of the exteroceptive– introceptive attention balance.
SOME VERSATILE TESTS BASED ON THE SIMULTANEOUS USE OF WEIGHTED LOGRANK AND WEIGHTED KAPLAN-MEIER STATISTICS

It is well known that the logrank test is locally most powerful under proportional hazards model for right censored data when two groups have same censoring distributions. For a given data set, however, one seldom knows what the exact alternative is. Therefore, Lee [1] constructed versatile tests by combining four weighted logrank (WLR) tests with various weight functions detecting proportional, early, late and middle hazards differences, respectively. However, Pepe and Fleming [2] had pointed out that WLR tests are based on ranks, and these tests might not be sensitive to the magnitude of the difference in survival times against a specific alternative. Hence, they constructed weighted Kaplan-Meier (WKM) tests that are more sensitive than the logrank test under various alternatives. Therefore, another type of versatile tests based on the simultaneous use of WLR and WKM tests is developed in this paper and the performances of the proposed tests and Lee's tests are compared by simulation. None of the tests investigated in this paper is uniformly better than the others. Lee's maximum test is more robust for detecting various alternatives; however, for computation simplicity, the linear combination of WLR and WKM tests is recommended to apply in practice and its overall performance is better than Lee's linear combination test.
17-XII-08 Cyber in a World of Plenty : Secure High-Performance On-Orbit Processing 1

The days of “dumb” satellites in LEO are numbered. As many CubeSat missions have proven, commercial off the shelf (COTS) processors – orders of magnitude more powerful than traditional rad-hard parts – can fly. Powerful processors give satellite designers the horsepower they need to collect, analyze, and process big datasets on-orbit. The extra headroom also accommodates rapid development using traditionally-terrestrial COTS and open-source operating systems and software stacks. Unfortunately, these large software ecosystems bring their terrestrial cyber sins into orbit with them. We need to understand and mitigate the cyber threat now, before bad patterns become entrenched and propagated. This paper reviews a set of cybersecurity guidelines that help developers craft more securable designs for small satellites. The guidelines highlight ways that satellite security and ground system security can strengthen each other. Since system compromise remains possible even if best practices are followed, the guidelines suggest ways to recover control. We further describe ongoing work in a reference implementation that honors the guidelines, building on the seL4 microkernel as the security foundation and NASA’s Core Flight Software (cFS) as the functionality foundation. 1 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. This material is based upon work supported by the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering under Air Force Contract No. FA8721-05-C-0002 and/or FA8702-15-D-0001. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering.
Effects of alkali solutions on corrosion durability of geopolymer concrete

This paper presents chloride induced corrosion durability of reinforcing steel in geopolymer concretes containing different contents of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and molarities of NaOH solutions. Seven series of mixes are considered in this study. The first series is ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete and is considered as the control mix. The rest six series are geopolymer concretes containing 14 and 16 molar NaOH and Na2SiO3 to NaOH ratios of 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5. In each series three lollypop specimens of 100 mm in diameter and 200 mm in length, each having one 12 mm diameter steel bar are considered for chloride induced corrosion study. The specimens are subjected to cyclic wetting and drying regime for two months. In wet cycle the specimens are immersed in water containing 3.5% (by wt.) NaCl salt for 4 days, while in dry cycle the specimens are placed in open air for three days. The corrosion activity is monitored by measuring the copper/copper sulphate (Cu/CuSO4) half-cell potential according to ASTM C-876. The chloride penetration depth and sorptivity of all seven concretes are also measured. Results show that the geopolymer concretes exhibited better corrosion resistance than OPC concrete. The higher the amount of Na2SiO3 and higher the concentration of NaOH solutions the better the corrosion resistance of geopolymer concrete is. Similar behaviour is also observed in sorptivity and chloride penetration depth measurements. Generally, the geopolymer concretes exhibited lower sorptivity and chloride penetration depth than that of OPC concrete. Correlation between the sorptivity and the chloride penetration of geopolymer concretes is established. Correlations are also established between 28 days compressive strength and sorptivity and between 28 days compressive strength and chloride penetration of geopolymer concretes.
Corporate governance in Islamic perspective

Purpose – The purpose of this conceptual paper is to develop a discussion expounding the Islamic perspective of corporate governance as a special case of a broader decision‐making theory that uses the premise of Islamic socio‐scientific epistemology. Islamic epistemology is premised on the divine oneness of God. The worldly explanation of divine unity is done by means of specific laws and instruments that make the Islamic epistemology functionally viable in developing, implementing and inferring from the application of the epistemological rules to different issues. In the present case the issue is of corporate governance.Design/methodology/approach – The development and conclusions of this discursive paper as a conceptual one point out the possible application of a process‐oriented epistemology of unity of knowledge to corporate governance. The underlying methodology of institutional discourse and integration with dynamic parameters is formalized.Findings – The end results of the conceptual framework of t.
Bayesian Inference on Longitudinal Semi-continuous Substance Abuse/Dependence Symptoms Data

v Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Background of substance use. 1 1.2 Statistical inference in substance use. 3 1.3 Skew-elliptical distributions. 5 1.3. 1 Skew-t distribution . 6 1.3. 2 Skew-normal distribution . 8 1.4 Specific aims . 9 Chapter 2: Motivating substance use data. 11 Chapter 3: Bayesian approach to linear mixed-effects models with application to skewed-longitudinal alcohol data . 14 3.
Aquatic invertebrate assemblages in ponds from coastal Mediterranean wetlands

Invertebrate aquatic assemblages in ponds from Mediterranean wetlands are composed of organisms belonging to different taxonomic groups, which present a wide range of sizes (from small rotifers to large crustaceans or insects). Although they are often sampled and analyzed separately, the ecological links among these organisms should be considered, especially in very shallow waters. In our study, invertebrate assemblages (including micro-, macrozooplankton and macroinvertebrates) were characterized in eight shal- low lakes from Mediterranean wetlands in Southeastern Spain. A great spatial and temporal variability in the assemblages and in some environmental features was observed. The community was dominated in abundance and species richness by rotifers in most of the water bodies. Fish greatly contributed to the differences in community composition, as fishless ponds presented abundant and diverse cladoceran populations. Nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentration, conductivity and macrophyte cover had also a great influence on these as- semblages, especially in micro- and macrozooplankton. The temporal changes observed in some of these vari- ables affect the proportion of invertebrate biomass of the different groups along the study period. All this environmental heterogeneity produces similar responses in the invertebrate groups, in general well adapted to salinity changes or high trophic conditions. Although the heterogeneity and human disturbances can increase regional diversity, they can cause the disappearance of valuable habitats, and finally, the homogeneity in invertebrate assemblages.
Fabrication of magnetized polyester fabric grafted with β-cyclodextrin for controlled release of menthol

The technology of producing a magnetized polyester fabric for controlled and accelerated release of menthol in potential biomedical applications is reported in this paper. The magnetized polyester fabric is prepared in a facile hydrothermal process and subsequently modified with aminopropyltriethoxysilane, grafted with carboxylated β-cyclodextrin, and loaded with menthol under hydrothermal conditions. The microstructure, thermal and magnetic properties of both carboxylated β-cyclodextrins and magnetized polyester fabrics grafted with β-cyclodextrins are characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy techniques. It is evident that the carboxylated β-cyclodextrin is synthesized and successfully grafted on the surface of the modified magnetic polyester fabric. Both hyperthermia effect and controlled release behavior of the magnetized polyester fabric loaded with menthol are measured under high-frequency alternating current magnetic fields. It is found that the menthol included in β-cyclodextrin could be released in a controlled and accelerated way under external alternating current magnetic fields.
The Effect of TQM Practices on Higher Education Performance: The Faculty of Engineering and Technology at the University of Jordan as a Case Study

This paper examines the relationship between the six TQM practice element, that are presented in the Baldrige Education Criteria for Performance Excellence framework (leadership, strategic planning, student, stakeholder and market focus, measurement, analysis and knowledge management, faculty and staff focus and process management), and the seventh element which is the performance results. The study, which was conducted at the Faculty of Engineering and Technology at the University of Jordan, showed that TQM is applicable to higher education according to the perception of the faculty staff members. The study also showed that leadership and student, stakeholder and market foci have a significant positive influence on operational performance of higher education, where student, stakeholder and market foci alone has a significant positive impact on its financial performance. The results agreed with the literature findings that the success of TQM appears to be determined by intangible or soft practices rather than tangible or hard practices.
Pinpointing cosmic ray propagation with the AMS-02 experiment

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02), which is scheduled to be deployed onboard the International Space Station later this year, will be capable of measuring the composition and spectra of GeV-TeV cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. In this paper, we study how the projected measurements from AMS-02 of stable secondary-to-primary and unstable ratios (such as boron-to-carbon and beryllium-10-to-beryllium-9) can constrain the models used to describe the propagation of cosmic rays throughout the Milky Way. We find that within the context of fairly simple propagation models, all of the model parameters can be determined with high precision from the projected AMS-02 data. Such measurements are less constraining in more complex scenarios, however, which allow for departures from a power-law form for the diffusion coefficient, for example, or for inhomogeneity or stochasticity in the distribution and chemical abundances of cosmic ray sources.
Observations from Hinode/EIS of intensity oscillations above a bright point: signature of the leakage of acoustic oscillations in the inner corona

We study the intensity oscillations in the upper chromosphere/transition region (TR) and corona, above a bright point (BP) in the solar atmosphere. We analyse the time series of He ii 256 A, Fe xii 195 A and Fe xv 284 A, observed in a 40-arcsec slot close to the centre of the Sun above the BP by the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) imaging spectrometer (EIS) on board Hinode. Using standard wavelet and periodogram tools, we produce power spectra of intensity oscillations. In the He ii 256.32 A and Fe xii 195.12 A EUV light curves, we detect intensity oscillations of the periods ∼ 263 ± 80 s and ∼ 241 ± 60 s, respectively, with a probability >95 per cent in wavelets, which are also consistent with their periodograms. This provides the most likely signature of the propagation of acoustic oscillations around the ∼5.0-min period from the photosphere to the inner corona. The radiative cooling and thus the finite radiative relaxation time are found to be the most likely mechanisms for the reduced cut-off frequency environment above the observed BP. This may allow the transfer of ∼5.0-min acoustic oscillations from the upper chromosphere/TR into the corona. We find that intensity oscillations in He ii 256.32 A show temporal damping during the total span of the observation. This may be the first most likely observational signature of acoustic wave damping in the upper chromosphere caused by the radiative cooling effect. The intensity oscillations in Fe xii 195.12 A show an amplification, which may be a most likely signature of the mode-coupling (two-wave interaction) and then resonant energy conversion, probably from transverse magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves of the double period (e.g. Alfven waves) to the observed acoustic waves in the lower solar atmosphere where the plasma beta tends to unity. However, we find no evidence of real oscillations around the ∼5.0-min period with its amplification in the higher corona where the Fe xv 284.16 A line is formed, which rules out this type of wave activity there. Almost 1.6 per cent of the solar surface is covered with small BPs, probably associated with the small-scale closed-loop system, which may be a subset of expanding flux tubes. Hence, the leakage of ∼5.0-min oscillations above such BPs, which is associated with the highest powers of strong convective motions, and probably resonantly amplified by transverse MHD waves (e.g. Alfven waves), may be significant for heating the solar atmosphere locally.
An Effective Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Monitoring By Spreading Area Measurement

: Brain tumor cancer is the most common death causing cancer in human being. Finding an effective and single method for both diagnosis and monitoring test still remains a challenging problem in brain tumor detection. This project proposes automated techniques adopted for tumor detection and also for monitoring of patient condition in an efficient manner, by using this method we can extract the abnormality and also do the spreading area detection, analyze the position of abnormality. For increase the accuracy of the automated system we choose hybrid median filtering for preprocessing which is one of the best preprocessing method and segmentation is done by using balanced histogram thresholding and snake method boundary extraction