Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent Standardization technique : DNA Finger Printing :

Introduction: Herbal medicines are getting more and more popular in recent days with the global trend of people returning to natural therapies. Thus, chance of adulteration and substitution is more in order to meet the demand. Drug standardization is essential to assess the safety, efficacy and quality of drugs. For standardization and quality assurance following three attributes are desirable i) Authenticity ii) Purity iii) Assay. For that macroscopic, microscopic, physiochemical, preliminary phytochemical and chromatographic techniques are well established. [30,31] Nowadays various advanced methods for drug standardization such as Chromatography, Spectrophotometry, Electrophoresis, Chemometrics, Polarography, Molecular biomarkers in fingerprints are currently employed in standardization of herbal drugs. [10] Methodology: A thorough review of available literatures regarding the recent techniques in drug standardization is done. Relevant e resources are referred to for recent research updates. Results: Advanced Chromatography, Spectrophotometry, Electrophoresis, Chemometrics, Polarography, Molecular biomarkers in fingerprints are the need of era for proper standardization of herbal drugs and their molecules. Conclusion: The advancement of analytical technique will serve as a rapid and specific tool in the herbal research, thereby allowing the manufacturers to set quality standards and specifications so as to seek marketing approval from regulatory authorities for therapeutic efficacy, safety and shelf life of herbal drugs.
Cloning and characterization of the cDNA encoding a novel human pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor

A novel gene coding for the pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor (PBEF) has been isolated from a human peripheral blood lymphocyte cDNA library. The expression of this gene is induced by pokeweed mitogen and superinduced by cycloheximide. It is also induced in the T-lymphoblastoid cell line HUT 78 after phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate) treatment. The predominant mRNA for PBEF is approximately 2.4 kb long and codes for a 52-kDa secreted protein. The 3' untranslated region of the mRNA has multiple TATT motifs, usually found in cytokine and oncogene messages. The PBEF gene is mainly transcribed in human bone marrow, liver tissue, and muscle. We have expressed PBEF in COS 7 and PA317 cells and have tested the biological activities of the conditioned medium as well as the antibody-purified protein in different in vitro assays. PBEF itself had no activity but synergized the pre-B-cell colony formation activity of stem cell factor and interleukin 7. In the presence of PBEF, the number of pre-B-cell colonies was increased by at least 70% above the amount stimulated by stem cell factor plus interleukin 7. No effect of PBEF was found with cells of myeloid or erythroid lineages. These data define PBEF as a novel cytokine which acts on early B-lineage precursor cells.
Quantitative determination of famotidine through charge-transfer complexation with chloranilic acid.

Quantitative determination of famotidine and its dosage forms was carried out spectrophotometrically, analysing the coloured complex resulting from a charge-transfer interaction between the drug as an electron-donor and chloranilic acid as an electron-acceptor. Famotidine-Chloranilic acid complex displayed l-max at 5 25 nm. Conditions and time for complex formation have been optimized. The stoichiometry of the complex is 3:2 donor to acceptor mole ratio. Calibration graph of the complex was found to be linear at a working concentration range of 1.60-11.g% (w/v). Excellent quantitative recoveries (99.01-100.71%) was obtained for the drugs in both its pure and standard dosage forms.
Effect of non-aqueous solvents on deposition properties in electrophoretic deposition process of yttria stabilized zirconia nano-powders

In this paper, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was coated on Fecrralloy as thermal barrier coatings (TBC) using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) by various non-aqueous solvents. The solvents in the suspensions were varied in order to optimize kind of solvent and experimental conditions to achieve smooth and crack-free YSZ coatings. The effects of EPD parameters variations including solvents, sedimentation height, zeta potential, particle size, pH, deposition weight have been studied. Moreover, SEM and micro-hardness tests have been used to evaluate hardness and morphology of the samples. In comparison of the coatings created by various solvents, it was found that the use of acetyl-acetone with 0.4 g/l I 2 produces a uniform, smooth and crack free surfaces. Also the use of this solvent led to stable state, narrow particle size distributions and higher zeta potential in suspension in compare with the other solvents. The experimental results revealed that stability of suspensions were required for obtaining high quality coatings, and particle coagulation could result in coatings with low green density and poor sinterability. It was also found that deposition yield in stable suspensions was higher. According to the results obtained from the statistical analysis by depositions time, it was found that the deposition rate decreases by an increase in deposition time.
Neurophysiological and Behavior Responses in Emotion Regulation

Emotion regulation is the ability to modify the intensity and time course of emotional experiences and expressions to manage arousal, such as negative and positive responses. Emotion regulation is crucial for the development of adaptive social functioning. Few studies have a measurement method for identifying neural markers to examine the correlation between neural and behavior response of emotion regulation. We assessed whether neural and behavior responses to attention-emotion integration task were related to emotion regulation capacities. Before and after the negative and positive video clips were shown, EEG was recorded while participants performed attention-emotion integration task. P100, P300 amplitude, and latency were closely correlated with each other. Specially, after the negative video clip was shown, the larger the P100 amplitudes at the specific positions, the longer the P300 latencies at these same positions during attention-emotion integration task. The longer the P300 latencies at the specific positions, the longer the delay in response time. Also, there is and individual differences in ERP components and response time during attention-emotion integration task. Individuals who had larger and longer amplitude and latency of ERP components showed longer response times during attention-emotion integration task, regardless of whether video clips were presented or not. This characteristic was related to the enhanced emotion regulation.
Adverse drug reactions: trends in a tertiary care hospital.

BACKGROUND Pharmacovigilance (PV) System is an integral part of drug therapy which helps in detection, monitoring and designing strategies to minimize the occurrence of adverse drug reaction (ADRs). Present study was planned to study the patterns of ADRs in a tertiary care government hospital. METHODS The present study was carried out for a period of one year. Suspected adverse drug reaction reports due to medications submitted to the Department of Pharmacology under the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India were included. The reports were analyzed for their type, severity, organ system involvement, and the causality assessment was performed using Naranjo Probability Scale. RESULTS A total of 520 ADRs were received. The highest percentage (66.2%) of ADRs was seen in adult patients. Female patients experienced more (57.5%) ADRs. 95% of ADRs occurred in patients receiving 5 or more drugs. Medicine department reported the maximum number (38.46%) of ADRs. Antimicrobial agents (AMA) (35.7%) were the commonest group of drugs causing ADRs. Amongst the organ systems affected, skin constituted a major component (40.4%). Causality assessment revealed that 55% of the ADRs were possible. Majority of the ADRs were non-serious and only 7 cases were serious and required hospitalization. CONCLUSION The results suggest that healthcare professionals (HCP) at this institution are cognizant of PV. However a closer liaison between the HCPs and the hospital PV centre, periodic reinforcement of the HCPs regarding the need for PV can further improve spontaneous reporting. The data will also help in designing strategies for framing policies towards safer use of drugs in future.
The Cost and Quality Paradox

In the debate over health care costs, the tired statement that ‘everyone does not need a Cadillac when a Chevy will do’ is all too frequently cited. One implication of this statement is that high quality equals high cost. In fact, health care should turn to another automotive slogan, ‘Quality is Job 1’. In health care, high quality care often results in lower costs and improved outcomes. Consider the example of central line infections that have been reduced to previously unimaginable levels through simple process changes (1). It is within this context, that the article by Englesbe and colleagues should be considered (2).
Ag / AgCl Loaded Bi 2 WO 6 Composite : A Plasmonic Z-Scheme Visible Light-Responsive

Hierarchical flower-like Bi 2 WO 6 was successfully synthesized by facile hydrothermal method at low pH. And Ag/AgCl was loaded by photoreduction on its surface. As-prepared photocatalysts were characterized by various techniques. Bi 2 WO 6 was successfully synthesized at a size of 2-3 μm. DepositingAg/AgCl did not destroy the crystal structure, and bothAg andmetallic Ag were found. The band gap of the composite was 2.57 eV, which indicates that visible light could be the activating irradiation. In the photocatalytic activity test, the composite with 10wt% Ag/AgCl boasted the highest removal efficiency (almost 100%) in 45min. The significant enhancement can be attributed to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect and the establishment of heterostructures between Ag/AgCl and Bi 2 WO 6 . A possible mechanism of photocatalytic oxidation in the presence of Ag/AgCl-Bi 2 WO 6 was proposed. This work sheds light on the potential applications of plasmonic metals in photocatalysis to enhance their activities.
Contactless system dedicated to colic stimulation

Motility troubles may lead to severe injuries. The use of classical electric stimulators often causes problems due to the presence of wires. A new contactless device is proposed. It is based on a high frequency transformer, which primary winding is worn around the patient's torso and which multiple secondary windings are implanted along the colon in order to create a peristaltic wave. A specific software for air transformers design has been developed. A transformer, meeting specifications, and a specific power stage have been made. In vivo tests have been carried out, demonstrating the feasibility of the concept.
The Challenges of Government Preprimary Education Schools / Centers in Addis Ababa

Addis Ababa city government education bureau has embarked on opening pre-primary centers in government primary schools. The purpose of this paper is to find out the challenges currently prevailing in these establishments. The study was guided by three basic questions: (1) what are the major challenges facing pre-primary schools in Addis Ababa? (2) To what extent did the planned government ECCE programs worked well as intended? (3) How can the challenges of government ECCEs be overcome? Mixed methods design was employed to conduct the study. 53 government pre-primaries were randomly represented for data sources. 416 pre-primary school teachers and 53 principals and 53 parents provided the necessary data through questionnaires. Parents provided data through structured questionnaires. Observation check lists were utilized to collect data pertaining to basic school facilities and resources. The data collected was analyzed using percentiles, means, t-test and ANOVA. The study revealed that: lack of legitimate leadership, unqualified teaching staff, lack of basic resources and facilities, and absence of budget were the main challenges impeding the functioning of government pre-primaries to the level expected in Addis Ababa. The need to establish a decentralized administration and allocate separate budget for the ECCEs, set systems for preschool teachers’ professional development: flexible training programs for ECCEs head teachers and teachers, furnishing the ECCEs with the necessary facilities and materials were recommended.
The new ethics.

The inhabitants of the earth are bound to each other by the ties and obligations of a common kinship. Man is simply one of a series of sentients, differing in degree, but not in kind, from the beings below, above, and around him. The Great Law—ACT TOWARD OTHERS AS YOU WOULD ACT TOWARD A PART OF YOUR OWN SELF—is a law not applicable to Aryans only, but to all men; and not to men only, but to all beings. There is the same obligation to act toward a German, a Japanese, or a Filipino, as one acts toward a part of his own organism, as there is to act in this way toward Americans or Englishmen; and, furthermore, there is the same reason for acting in this manner toward horses, cats, dogs, birds, fishes, and insects, as there is in acting so toward men. Restricting the application of this all-inclusive injunction to the human species, is a practice dictated solely by human selfishness and provincialism. The restriction is made, not because we are logical, but because we are diminutive.
Fluorohydrocortisone and chlorohydrocortisone, highly potent derivatives of compound F.

FRIED and Sabo,1 while attempting to synthesize compound F from 11-epi-17-alpha-hydroxycorticosterone by way of a halogenated intermediate, found that the 9-alpha-chloro and fluoro derivatives of hydrocortisone were highly active in the assay of rat-liver glycogen for 11-oxygenated corticosteroids. Further studies in the rat by Borman, Singer and Numerof2 have shown these compounds to have potent sodium-retaining activity as well. The structural formulas of these compounds are as follows: The present communication is concerned with the metabolic and therapeutic effects of chlorohydrocortisone acetate and fluorohydrocortisone acetate in man. Preliminary studies indicate that whereas the actions of chlorohydrocortisone and fluorohydrocortisone are qualitatively .
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ENERGY EFFICIENT POLYNOMIAL PROTOCOLS FOR GROUP KEY MANAGEMENT IN MANET-EKSC AGAINST EEPGKM

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) established their potency within the preparation for range of fields, however extremely at risk of security attacks. The multicast key management in ad hoc networks includes the energy expenditure while distributing and updating the keys. In order to cut back the energy economical of the key distribution and updating, associate in nursing an energy efficient key management technique needs to be considered. In this paper focus on performance analysis of energy based protocol employed polynomial key generation in group key management between Encrypted Key Based Secure Communication (EKSC) protocol with Energy based Energy Efficient Polynomial Based Group Key Management (EEPGKM) Protocol in MANET. Our Simulation result shows that EKSC is the Better performance than the existing EEPGKM.
Numerical Simulation of drop Formation in a Microchannel, Using Lattice Boltzmann Method

ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Original Research Paper Received 06 July 2016 Accepted 21 August 2016 Available Online 09 October 2016 In this article, an immiscible two-phase flow in two dimensional ordinary and modified T-junction microchannels is numerically studied. To this approach, the Lattice Boltzmann method with PseudoPotential model is used. The accuracy of the present model is examined by the Laplace test, drop contact angle, and drop formation in an ordinary T-junction microchannel. The comparison shows that the present results have good agreement with previous numerical and experimental data. The effects of various parameters including Capillary number, flow rate ratio, width ratio, and drop contact angle on the width of the drop and on the distance between drops for ordinary and modified T-junction microchannels are investigated in detail. The results reveal that by simple modifications to the ordinary T-junction, smaller drops and lower distances between them are generated in the comparison of ordinary T-junction geometry under the same conditions. On the other hand, this study demonstrates that the multiphase flows in micro-devices are very sensitive to even small changes in the channel geometry. It also indicates that Lattice Boltzmann method with Pseudo-Potential model is an effective numerical technique to simulate the generation of drops in microchannels.
Caregiver role strain: The contribution of multiple roles and available resources in African-American women

While the roles of spouse, parent, and employee are normative for middle-aged adults, strain associated with each role may increase when the role of caregiver is added. The objectives of the present study were to determine: (1) what is the relationship between the caregiver's other roles (marital, parental, employee), specific combinations of these roles, and role strain; and (2) what is the relationship between available resources (economic, social, and personal) and role strain? The study participants were 148 African-American females who provided care to elderly family members. A model using multiple linear regression was analyzed. Caregivers with higher depressive symptomatology were more strained. However, neither additional multiple roles, nor a combination of roles were significantly related to role strain. African-American caregivers experienced a wide range of caregiver role strain. It would be a disservice to African-American caregivers to operate under the assumption that they provide care with little emotional cost. Continued within group analyses are needed to understand differential outcomes of these caregivers.
Peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin: effective in patients with hepatitis C who failed interferon alfa/ribavirin therapy.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Treatment with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin produces a sustained virologic response (SVR) in approximately 60% of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. Alternate options are needed for patients who relapse or do not respond to therapy. METHODS This prospective, international, multicenter, open-label study evaluated efficacy and safety of peginterferon alfa-2b (1.5 microg/kg/wk) plus weight-based ribavirin (800-1400 mg/day) in 2333 chronic HCV-infected patients with significant fibrosis/cirrhosis whose previous interferon alfa/ribavirin therapy failed. Patients with undetectable HCV-RNA at treatment week (TW) 12 received 48 weeks of therapy; patients with detectable HCV-RNA at TW12 could enter maintenance studies at TW18; 188 patients with low/detectable HCV-RNA at TW12 continued therapy at the investigator's request. RESULTS Overall, 22% of the patients attained SVR (56% with undetectable HCV-RNA and 12% with low/detectable HCV-RNA at TW12). SVR was better in relapsers (38%) than nonresponders (14%), regardless of previous treatment, and in patients previously treated with interferon-alfa/ribavirin (25%) than peginterferon alfa-ribavirin (17%). Predictors of response in patients with undetectable HCV-RNA at TW12 were genotype (2/3 vs 1, respectively; odds ratio [OR] 2.4; P < .0001), fibrosis score (F2 vs F4; OR, 2.2; F3 vs F4; OR, 1.7; P < .0001), and baseline viral load (< or =600,000 vs >600,000 IU/mL; OR, 1.4; P = .0223). These factors plus previous treatment and response were overall predictors of SVR. Safety was similar among fibrosis groups. CONCLUSIONS Peginterferon alfa-2b plus weight-based ribavirin is effective and safe in patients who failed interferon alfa/ribavirin therapy. Genotype, baseline viral load, and fibrosis stage were predictors of response.
MISTI imaging and source localization

MISTI (Mobile Imaging and Spectroscopic Threat Identification) provides both excellent gamma-ray spectroscopic and imaging capabilities to maximize the detection sensitivity of localized sources while at the same time minimizing the false alarm rate. The truck-based instrument is currently under construction and will detect and locate, in both position and range, a 1 mCi 137Cs at 100 m in 20 s with typical background levels. This performance is achieved using a hybrid system that combines the superb spectroscopic capabilities of germanium detectors for sensitive detection with the large collecting power available using scintillation detectors for producing gamma-ray images. Once an isotope of interest is detected by the germanium system, the NaI imager generates gamma-ray images for that energy that are overlaid based on the truck location at the time of acquisition. The overlayed images are calculated at a number of distance from the truck and the location and range of the source is determined by locating the reconstructed position and range with the maximum flux. The fully coded field of view, where all detectors contribute to the image, covers 92° × 29° using 9 × 3 pixels with the larger coverage in the horizontal direction.
Gallen-Konsensuskonferenz ( Wien 2017 ) Initial Treatment of Patients with Primary Breast Cancer : Evidence , Controversies , Consensus Spectrum of Opinion of German Specialists at the 15 th International St . Gallen Breast Cancer Conference ( Vienna 2017 )

The St. Gallen International Consensus Conference on the treatment of patients with primary breast cancer has been held regularly (every second year in the last six years) for more than 30 years. This year, the findings of the International St. Gallen Consensus Panel and their implications for clinical practice were again discussed by a German working group of leading breast cancer specialists. Five of the breast cancer specialists from Germany were also members of this yearʼs St. Gallen panel. A comparison between the St. Gallen recommendations and the annually updated treatment guidelines of the Gynecologic Oncology Group (AGO 2017) and the S3guideline agreed upon in 2017 is useful. The recommendations of the St. Gallen panel represent an international crosssection of opinions of experts from different countries and different disciplines, while the S3-guideline and AGO guidelines are evidence-based. The motto of this yearʼs 15th St. Gallen Conference was “Escalating and De-Escalating”. The rationale behind this concept was to promote more individualized treatment and thereby reduce overtreatment as well as undertreatment. Su pp le m en ta ry M at er ia l – de ut sc hs pr ac hi ge Zu sa tz in fo rm at io n! Zi ti er ba r is t au ss ch lie ß lic h de r en gl is ch sp ra ch ig e A rt ik el . GebFra Science | Übersicht
Molecular mechanisms in allergy and clinical immunology

White adipose tissue is no longer considered an inert tissue mainly devoted to energy storage but is emerging as an active participant in regulating physiologic and pathologic processes, including immunity and inflammation. Macrophages are components of adipose tissue and actively participate in its activities. Furthermore, cross-talk between lymphocytes and adipocytes can lead to immune regulation. Adipose tissue produces and releases a variety of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory factors, including the adipokines leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and visfatin, as well as cytokines and chemokines, such as TNF-a, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and others. Proinflammatory molecules produced by adipose tissue have been implicated as active participants in the development of insulin resistance and the increased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with obesity. In contrast, reduced leptin levels might predispose to increased susceptibility to infection caused by reduced T-cell responses in malnourished individuals. Altered adipokine levels have been observed in a variety of inflammatory conditions, although their pathogenic role has not been completely clarified. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005;115:911-9.)