Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Well-Scaling Parallel Algorithm for the Computation of the Translation Operator in the MLFMA

This paper investigates the parallel, distributed-memory computation of the translation operator with L+1 multipoles in the three-dimensional Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm (MLFMA). A baseline, communication-free parallel algorithm can compute such a translation operator in O(L) time, using O(L2) processes. We propose a parallel algorithm that reduces this complexity to O(logL) time. This complexity is theoretically supported and experimentally validated up to 16 384 parallel processes. For realistic cases, the implementation of the proposed algorithm proves to be up to ten times faster than the baseline algorithm. For a large-scale parallel MLFMA simulation with 4096 parallel processes, the runtime for the computation of all translation operators during the setup stage is reduced from roughly one hour to only a few minutes.
Glutamine transport in human skeletal muscle.

Sarcolemmal vesicles isolated from human skeletal muscle obtained at surgery showed approximately 14-fold enrichment of sarcolemmal marker enzymes 5'-nucleotidase and K-stimulated phosphatase. [3H]glutamine transport in these vesicles was stereospecific, largely Na dependent, and tolerated Li-for-Na substitution. Glutamine transport was stimulated by an inside negative membrane potential, and 25 mM glutamine stimulated 22Na (0.1 mM) uptake into vesicles by 50%, indicating rheogenic cotransport of Na and glutamine. Alanine transport was Na dependent but did not tolerate Li-for-Na substitution. Transport of L-[3H]glutamine was inhibited by 35-65% with a 20-fold excess of glutamine, asparagine, and alanine; cysteine, alpha-(methylamino)isobutyrate, and 2-amino-2-norborane carboxylic acid had smaller inhibitory effects, although cysteine had an unusually large inhibitory effect on glutamine transport at 1,000-fold excess compared with most other amino acids. Glutamine transport showed sensitivity to pH values < 7.0. Glutamine transport consisted of a Na-dependent and a Na-independent component, both of which appeared saturable. The kinetic characteristics of the Na-dependent component were different in different types of muscles, with half-maximal concentrations (mM) varying from 1.6 +/- 0.4 (tibialis anterior) to 0.56 +/- 0.0. 2 (gluteus maximus) and maximal velocity (pmol.mg protein-1.s-1) of 1.3 +/- 0.27 to 5 +/- 1.25 in the same muscles. The results demonstrate both marked similarities and important differences between the principal glutamine transporter in human skeletal muscle and the known system Nm transporter in rat skeletal muscle.
Growth and pituitary-adrenal function in children with severe asthma treated with inhaled budesonide.

BACKGROUND The increased use of inhaled corticosteroids in the management of asthma raises concern about the safety of these drugs in children. We sought to determine the safety of long-term administration of inhaled budesonide in young children with asthma. METHODS We studied 15 children 2 to 7 years old who had severe perennial asthma. They inhaled 100 micrograms of budesonide twice daily for three to five years. Efficacy was assessed by serial evaluation of respiratory symptoms and the need for other medications, and safety by serial evaluation of height, height velocity, weight, bone age, and pituitary-adrenal function. RESULTS The severity of asthma decreased within the first month after the initiation of therapy, as demonstrated by a 58 percent reduction in the number of days with symptoms of asthma and a 75 percent decrease in the use of bronchodilators. This improvement was maintained thereafter. The growth pattern of all patients, including their height, weight, and bone age, was normal (as compared with standard normal values) throughout the treatment period. Pituitary-adrenal function was not adversely affected by the treatment, as demonstrated by normal serum cortisol concentrations in the morning and 60 minutes after stimulation with corticotropin, normal 24-hour serum cortisol concentrations (mean [+/- SD] of samples collected at 30-minute intervals for 24 hours, 8.4 +/- 4.2 micrograms per deciliter [232 +/- 116 nmol per liter]), and normal urinary cortisol excretion (34 +/- 9 micrograms [95 +/- 25 nmol] per day). CONCLUSIONS Prolonged administration of 200 micrograms of inhaled budesonide daily to young children with severe asthma does not impair growth or pituitary-adrenal function.
Detection of fetal structural abnormalities at the 11–14 week ultrasound scan

The aim of this study was to evaluate the detection of fetal structural abnormalities by the 11–14 week scan. 2853 pregnant women were submitted to a routine ultrasound scan between the 11th and 14th week and the fetal skull, brain, spine, abdominal wall, limbs, stomach and bladder were examined. Following the scans the patientes were examined in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. An isolated increased nuchal translucency was not considered an abnormality. However, these patients had an early echocardiography assessment. Fetal structural abnormalities were classified as major or minor and of early or late onset. A total of 130 (4.6%) defects were identified and 29 (22.3%) of these were diagnosed at the 11–14 week scan, including nine cardiac defects associated with increased nuchal translucency. The antenatal ultrasound detection rate was 71.5%, and 31.2% were detected in the first‐trimester assessment. 78.8% of the major defects were diagnosed by the prenatal scan and 37.8% by the 11–14 week scan. Fetal structural abnormalities at the 11–14 week scan were detected in approximately 22.3% of the cases, therefore, a second‐trimester anomaly scan is important in routine antenatal care to increase the prenatal detection of fetal defects. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ischemic heart disease: Metabolic approaches to management

The number of patients with coronary artery disease and its risk factors is increasing in Western nations. New treatments for these patients may soon include a class of agents known as the metabolic modulators. This group of agents consists of the partial fatty acid oxidation inhibitors trimetazidine and ranolazine, as well as dichloroacetate, which promotes carbohydrate utilization. Metabolic modulators also include the nutriceuticals L‐carnitine and D‐ribose. The available evidence regarding the benefits of each of these five agents is reviewed.
PSO versus AdaBoost for feature selection in multimodal biometrics

In this paper, we present an efficient feature level fusion scheme that we apply on face and palmprint images. The features for each modality are obtained using Log Gabor transform and concatenated to form a fused feature vector. We then use Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) scheme to reduce the dimension of this vector. Final classification is performed on the projection space of the selected features using Kernel Direct Discriminant Analysis (KDDA). Extensive experiments are carried out on a virtual multimodal biometric database of 250 users built from the face FRGC and the palmprint PolyU databases. We compare the proposed selection method with the well known Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) method in terms of both number of features selected and performance. Experimental results in both closed identification and verification rates show that feature fusion improves performance over match score level fusion and also that the proposed method outperforms AdaBoost in terms of reduction of the number of features and facility of implementation.
Human suppressor T cell clones lack CD28

Previously we showed that certain T cell lines and clones from a lepromatous leprosy patient displayed a dose‐dependent suppression of the proliferation of autologous T cells to Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) but not mitogen or an unrelatedantigen. The latter cells were also cloned and did not display this suppressive activity, were CD4+ and proliferated vigorously to M. leprae presented by autologous HLA‐DR molecules. We shall refer to these cells as T helper (Th) cells. Most of the suppressive T cell clones (Ts) were also CD4+ and also proliferated to M. leprae presented by HLA‐DR, but much less strongly than Th cells.
The Efficacy and Safety of Once-Daily Kytril® (Granisetron Hydrochloride) Tablets in the Prophylaxis of Nausea and Emesis Following Fractionated Upper Abdominal Radiotherapy

This multicenter, randomized, double-blind study compared the efficacy and safety of once-daily oral granisetron 2 mg (n = 134) and placebo (n = 126) as prophylaxis for nausea and emesis in patients receiving upper abdominal fractionated radiotherapy. Patients were scheduled to receive 10–30 fractions of radiotherapy; granisetron (two 1-mg tablets) or placebo was administered 1 hr before radiotherapy on each scheduled treatment day. Treatment comparisons were made at 24 hr and at 10 and 20 fractions. Patients treated with granisetron experienced greater emetic control than those treated with placebo as evidenced by median times to first emesis (35 vs. 9 days, p < 0.001) and first nausea (11 vs. 1 day, p < 0.001). Overall endpoint analysis showed that proportionally more granisetron than placebo patients were emesis free (57.5% vs. 42.1%, p = 0.0047) and nausea free (30.6% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.0042). Furthermore, 25% more granisetron-treated than placebo-treated patients were emesis free and 20% more were nausea free on at least 80% of study treatment days. The most commonly reported adverse experiences in granisetron-treated patients were diarrhea, asthenia, and constipation. These findings demonstrate that a once-daily, 2-mg dose of oral granisetron is well tolerated and significantly more effective than placebo in preventing nausea and emesis induced by fractionated radiotherapy to the upper abdomen.
Bidirectional DFE Arbitrated by Viterbi Decoder Path Metrics

A bidirectional decision feedback equalizer (DFE) is proposed with the arbitration of the Viterbi decoder. The proposed DFE uses the minimum path metric between Viterbi decoders for the forward and reverse DFEs in the arbitration process. It has over 2 dB SNR gain against the conventional bidirectional DFE and the single DFE.
The role of glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and integrins for invasion and metastasis in human pancreatic cancer cells

It is generally accepted that the malignancy of pancreatic cancer is dependent upon the extent of invasion as well as metastasis. However, the factors and mechanisms are incompletely understood. We investigated whether glial cell lined‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) enhances the invasive and adhesive behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells by altering of the expression of integrins.
Aluminium alleviates manganese toxicity to rice by decreasing root symplastic Mn uptake and reducing availability to shoots of Mn stored in roots.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Manganese (Mn) and aluminium (Al) phytotoxicities occur mainly in acid soils. In some plant species, Al alleviates Mn toxicity, but the mechanisms underlying this effect are obscure. METHODS Rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings (11 d old) were grown in nutrient solution containing different concentrations of Mn(2+) and Al(3+) in short-term (24 h) and long-term (3 weeks) treatments. Measurements were taken of root symplastic sap, root Mn plaques, cell membrane electrical surface potential and Mn activity, root morphology and plant growth. KEY RESULTS In the 3-week treatment, addition of Al resulted in increased root and shoot dry weight for plants under toxic levels of Mn. This was associated with decreased Mn concentration in the shoots and increased Mn concentration in the roots. In the 24-h treatment, addition of Al resulted in decreased Mn accumulation in the root symplasts and in the shoots. This was attributed to higher cell membrane surface electrical potential and lower Mn(2+) activity at the cell membrane surface. The increased Mn accumulation in roots from the 3-week treatment was attributed to the formation of Mn plaques, which were probably related to the Al-induced increase in root aerenchyma. CONCLUSIONS The results show that Al alleviated Mn toxicity in rice, and this could be attributed to decreased shoot Mn accumulation resulting from an Al-induced decrease in root symplastic Mn uptake. The decrease in root symplastic Mn uptake resulted from an Al-induced change in cell membrane potential. In addition, Al increased Mn plaques in the roots and changed the binding properties of the cell wall, resulting in accumulation of non-available Mn in roots.
FDTD simulation for electromagnetic radiated emissions in 42 V vehicle electrical systems

In this paper a full 3D approach, based on finite difference time domain method, is used to predict the electromagnetic radiated emissions from 42 V vehicle electrical loads. An experimental set-up has been arranged on purpose. A comparative analysis among measured and computed results is performed. The good agreement obtained among simulated and measured data enables to validate the numerical scheme. The proposed methodology contributes to predict electromagnetic emissions in the automotive environment since the design stage. Moreover, the proposed numerical tool can be used to define, for new vehicle electrical architectures, low cost test methods for electromagnetic compatibility and suitable technical standard requirements.
Aetiology of sudden cardiac death in athletes in the United Kingdom: a pathological study

Objective: To characterise the demographics and aetiology of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in athletes referred to a tertiary cardiac pathology centre in the UK. Design: Retrospective non-case controlled analysis. Setting: Cardiac pathology centre at the National Heart and Lung Institute and Royal Brompton Hospital. Subjects: Between 1996 and 2008, the hearts of 118 athletes were referred for pathological assessment to ascertain the precise aetiology of SCD. Results: The majority of athletes (n = 113; 96%) were male and most (107; 91%) were amateurs participating predominantly in football, rugby and running. The mean (SD) age of death was 28 (12) years (range 7–59); 75% athletes were aged ⩽35 years. Most deaths (81%) occurred during or immediately after exercise. Antecedent symptoms of cardiac disease were reported in 21 (18%) subjects, and 20 (17%) had a family history of premature cardiovascular disease and/or SCD. 25 (21%) athletes had relevant past medical history which included a known history of cardiac disease. Cardiomyopathy was the commonest cause of death and accounted for 62% of all the SCDs. A significantly high proportion of athletes (23%) exhibited a morphologically normal heart. Atherosclerotic coronary disease accounted for only 3% of cases and was confined to athletes aged >35 years. Conclusions: SCD in sport is largely due to clinically silent cardiomyopathies or primary electrical disorders (morphologically normal heart). Antecedent symptoms and family history are absent in over 80% of cases, and therefore clinical screening with health questionnaires will fail to identify most athletes with potentially sinister cardiac disorders.
Natural killer cells in cerebrospinal fluid of a 3½‐month‐old infant with DiGeorge syndrome and CMV infection

A 3 1 2 -mo-old infant with a recent diagnosis of DiGeorge syndrome presented with a respiratory distress. A cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A cerebrospinal ﬂuid examination performed to rule out central nervous system (CNS) involvement by CMV showed numerous natural killer (NK) lymphocytes. Morphologically, NK cells are larger than small lymphocytes with an eccentric nucleus (Fig. C-1). Cytoplasm contains dispersed azurophilic granules. Cells in which the granules aggregate in the perinuclear hof region are called activated NK cells. DiGeorge syndrome is a multiorgan congenital disorder resulting from failure of development of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches before the 8th week of gestation. Cy-togenetically, (cid:1) 90% of such cases show deletion of some unidentiﬁed genes that map to chromosome 22q11. This syndrome is characterized by thymic hypoplasia or aplasia, parathyroid hypoplasia, congenital defects of the heart and great vessels, and dysmorphic facies. Thymic hypoplasia leads to T-cell deﬁciency with lack of cell-mediated
AN ADULT TRIPLOID CHICKEN (GALLUS DOMESTICUS) WITH A LEFT OVOTESTIS.

Cytological studies of a fully-grown Rhode Island Red chicken (Gallus domesticus) with ambiguous sexual characteristics revealed a triploid chromosome constitution with two Zs (3A-ZZ). While this bird had the left oviduct and right rudimentary gonad of a normal hen, the left gonad was like an ovotestis with a sharply defined cortex and medulla. In the cortex were embryonic ovigerous cords containing oocytes in first meiotic prophase; those oocytes which had reached dictyotene and formed primordial follicles were degenerative. In the medulla were well-developed seminiferous tubules, a few of which contained sperm heads, although in most spermatocytes, meiosis had not proceeded very far. No diploid cells were found in squash preparations of spleen, bone marrow, or gonad; both somatic cells and germ cells were triploid.
Utilisation de BPEL pour la gestion des processus métier d'une application locale

In a ballistic velocity measuring device, two photodetectors are spaced apart by an accurately known distance along a projectile path exposed to ambient light from the sky. The invention comprises a sunshield and light diffuser structure for each (or both) of the photodetectors to eliminate light reflection from the projectile which can cancel the "shadow" of the projectile and prevent the photodetector from responding to passage of the projectile; and to increase the level of light to the photodetectors by diffusing direct sunlight.
An eight-channel transmit/receive multipurpose coil for musculoskeletal MR imaging at 7 T.

PURPOSE MRI plays a leading diagnostic role in assessing the musculoskeletal (MSK) system and is well established for most questions at clinically used field strengths (up to 3 T). However, there are still limitations in imaging early stages of cartilage degeneration, very fine tendons and ligaments, or in locating nerve lesions, for example. 7 T MRI of the knee has already received increasing attention in the current published literature, but there is a strong need to develop new radiofrequency (RF) coils to assess more regions of the MSK system. In this work, an eight-channel transmit/receive RF array was built as a multipurpose coil for imaging some of the thus far neglected regions. An extensive coil characterization protocol and first in vivo results of the human wrist, shoulder, elbow, knee, and ankle imaged at 7 T will be presented. METHODS Eight surface loop coils with a dimension of 6 x 7 cm2 were machined from FR4 circuit board material. To facilitate easy positioning, two coil clusters, each with four loop elements, were combined to one RF transmit/receive array. An overlapped and shifted arrangement of the coil elements was chosen to reduce the mutual inductance between neighboring coils. A phantom made of body-simulating liquid was used for tuning and matching on the bench. Afterward, the S-parameters were verified on a human wrist, elbow, and shoulder. For safety validation, a detailed compliance test was performed including full wave simulations of the RF field distribution and the corresponding specific absorption rate (SAR) for all joints. In vivo images of four volunteers were assessed with gradient echo and spin echo sequences modified to obtain optimal image contrast, full anatomic coverage, and the highest spatial resolution within a reasonable acquisition time. The performance of the RF coil was additionally evaluated by in vivo B1 mapping. RESULTS A comparison of B1 per unit power, flip angle distribution, and anatomic images showed a fairly homogeneous excitation for the smaller joints (elbow, wrist, and ankle), while for the larger joints, the shoulder and especially the knee, B1 inhomogeneities and limited penetration depth were more pronounced. However, the greater part of the shoulder joint could be imaged. In vivo images rendered very fine anatomic details such as fascicles of the median nerve and the branching of the nerve bundles. High-resolution images of cartilage, labrum, and tendons could be acquired. Additionally, turbo spin echo (TSE) and inversion recovery sequences performed very well. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the concept of two four-channel transmit/receive RF arrays can be used as a multipurpose coil for high-resolution in vivo MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system at 7 T. Not only gradient echo but also typical clinical and SAR-intensive sequences such as STIR and TSE performed well. Imaging of small structures and peripheral nerves could in particular benefit from this technique.
Energy-efficient relay selection and power allocation scheme in AF relay networks with bidirectional asymmetric traffic

This paper proposes a joint relay selection and power allocation scheme for bidirectional asymmetric traffic to minimize the weighted energy consumed per bit transmitted. The scheme can be applied to both one-way and two-way Amplify-and-Forward (AF) relay networks. In the scheme, close-form solutions for energy efficient power allocation are derived with perfect channel state information at each relay. Then the relay consuming the least energy is chosen by the sources. On the basis of the proposed scheme, we characterize the energy consumption for training and power allocation information exchange between each relay and source. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve high energy efficiency when proper number of relays is deployed. It is also shown the two-way relaying provides substantial energy saving gains compared with the one-way relaying.1
Vertigo and Dizziness in Childhood − Update on Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract Vertigo and balance disorders are not uncommon in children. The prevalence of vestibular vertigo in 10-year-Dolds is estimated to be 5.7%. The most common cause is vestibular migraine which accounts for almost 40% of the diagnoses. In adolescents, the incidence of somatoform vertigo syndromes increases. Vestibular function can be reliably evaluated at the bedside by the head-impulse test for vestibulo-ocular reflex function, ocular motor testing of the central vestibular system, and balance tests for vestibulo-spinal function. Vestibular migraine is treated by behavioural and drug therapies. Somatoform vertigo improves if information about the disorder and behavioual advice are provided. Sometimes psychotherapy is useful; drug therapy is recommended in severe cases. Other common vestibular disorders in children include benign positioning nystagmus and labyrinthitis. In summary, the underlying causes of vertigo and dizziness in children can be diagnosed on the basis of patient history and clinical bedside testing. Reponses to caloric irrigation of the ears, rotational chair testing, posturography, and video-oculography can be used to ascertain the diagnosis. Brain imaging is indicated in patients presenting with subacute central vestibular signs. The majority of syndromes have a favourable prognosis and can be successfully treated.