Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Responses of Lower-Body Power and Match Running Demands Following Long-Haul Travel in International Rugby Sevens Players

Abstract Mitchell, JA, Pumpa, KL, and Pyne, DB. Responses of lowerbody power and match running demands after long-haul travel in international rugby sevens players. J Strength Cond Res 31(3): 686–695, 2017—This study determined the effect of long-haul (>5 hours) travel on lower-body power and match running demands in international rugby sevens players. Lower-body power was assessed in 22 male international rugby sevens players (age 21.7 ± 2.7 years, mass 89.0 ± 6.7 kg, stature 180.5 ± 6.2 cm; mean ± SD) monitored over 17 rugby sevens tournaments. A countermovement jump was used to monitor lower-body power (peak and mean power) over repeated three week travel and competition periods (pretravel, posttravel, and posttournament). Small decreases were evident in peak power after both short and long-haul travel (−4.0%, ±3.2%; mean, ±90% confidence limits) with further reductions in peak and mean power posttournament (−4.5%, ±2.3% and −3.8%, ±1.5%) culminating in a moderate decrease in peak power overall (−7.4%, ±4.0%). A subset of 12 players (completing a minimum of 8 tournaments) had the effects of match running demands assessed with lower-body power. In this subset, long-haul travel elicited a large decrease in lower-body peak (−9.4%, ±3.5%) and mean power (−5.6%, ±2.9%) over the monitoring period, with a small decrease (−4.3%, ±3.0% and −2.2%, ±1.7%) posttravel and moderate decrease (−5.4%, ±2.5% and −3.5%, ±1.9%) posttournament, respectively. Match running demands were monitored through global positioning system. In long-haul tournaments, the 12 players covered ∼13%, ±13% greater total distance (meter) and ∼11%, ±10% higher average game meters >5 m·s−1 when compared with short-haul (<5 hours) travel. Effective pretravel and posttravel player management strategies are indicated to reduce neuromuscular fatigue and running load demands in rugby sevens tournaments after long-haul travel.
Acute Physiological Responses to Moderate-Load Resistance Exercise in Hypoxia

Abstract Scott, BR, Slattery, KM, Sculley, DV, Lockhart, C, and Dascombe, BJ. Acute physiological responses to moderate-load resistance exercise in hypoxia. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1973–1981, 2017—This study assessed whether hypoxia augments anabolic responses to moderate-load resistance exercise. Fourteen trained men performed moderate-load resistance exercise in normoxia (NORM; fraction of inspired oxygen [FIO2] = 21%) and moderate-level hypoxia (MH; FIO2 = 16%). Exercise comprised 3 sets of 10 repetitions of squats and deadlifts at 60% of 1 repetition maximum, with 60-second interset rest. Blood lactate (BLa−) was quantified after each exercise, whereas arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate (HR) were assessed after each set. Thigh circumference was measured before and after exercise. Muscle activation and oxygenation were monitored by surface electromyography (EMG) and near-infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Relative BLa− concentrations were significantly higher following squats (p = 0.041) and deadlifts (p = 0.002) in MH than NORM. Arterial oxygen saturation was lower after each set in MH compared with NORM (p < 0.001), although HR and thigh circumference were not different between conditions. Integrated EMG was higher in MH than in NORM for the squat during several repetitions (p ⩽ 0.032). Measures of muscle oxygen status were not significantly different between conditions (p ≥ 0.247). The main findings from this study suggest that hypoxia during moderate-load resistance exercise augments metabolite accumulation and muscle activation. However, a significant hypoxic dose was not measured at the muscle, possibly because of the moderate level of hypoxia used. The current data support previous hypotheses that have suggested hypoxia can augment some physiological responses that are important for muscular development, and may therefore provide benefit over the equivalent training in normoxia.
Repeated-Sprint Sequences During Female Soccer Matches Using Fixed and Individual Speed Thresholds

Abstract Nakamura, FY, Pereira, LA, Loturco, I, Rosseti, M, Moura, FA, and Bradley, PS. Repeated-sprint sequences during female soccer matches using fixed and individual speed thresholds. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1802–1810, 2017—The main objective of this study was to characterize the occurrence of single sprint and repeated-sprint sequences (RSS) during elite female soccer matches, using fixed (20 km·h−1) and individually based speed thresholds (>90% of the mean speed from a 20-m sprint test). Eleven elite female soccer players from the same team participated in the study. All players performed a 20-m linear sprint test, and were assessed in up to 10 official matches using Global Positioning System technology. Magnitude-based inferences were used to test for meaningful differences. Results revealed that irrespective of adopting fixed or individual speed thresholds, female players produced only a few RSS during matches (2.3 ± 2.4 sequences using the fixed threshold and 3.3 ± 3.0 sequences using the individually based threshold), with most sequences composing of just 2 sprints. Additionally, central defenders performed fewer sprints (10.2 ± 4.1) than other positions (fullbacks: 28.1 ± 5.5; midfielders: 21.9 ± 10.5; forwards: 31.9 ± 11.1; with the differences being likely to almost certainly associated with effect sizes ranging from 1.65 to 2.72), and sprinting ability declined in the second half. The data do not support the notion that RSS occurs frequently during soccer matches in female players, irrespective of using fixed or individual speed thresholds to define sprint occurrence. However, repeated-sprint ability development cannot be ruled out from soccer training programs because of its association with match-related performance.
Construct validation of the Language Independent Functional Evaluation versus the Barthel Index in a Mongolian community

Purpose. Differences in language and literacy impede our understanding of the impact of disability around the world. Since function is primarily action, the computer-animated Language Independent Functional Evaluation (L.I.F.E.) might bypass the use of written or verbal scales. This study validates L.I. F.E. in a developing world population. Methods. Families were randomly chosen from the city centre, suburban ‘ger’ districts and countryside of Arvaikheer, Mongolia. The L.I. F.E. and cross-translated Mongolian Barthel Index were administered in random order. Demographics including subjective observation of disability were gathered. L.I. F.E. scores were converted to Barthel equivalents. Results. One hundred forty-four persons completed the test, 24 answered for other persons. Persons with observed disability had lower L.I. F.E. scores (64.55 vs. 94.53, p < 0.001). L.I. F.E. and Barthel scores related well. (Spearman's rho = 0.757, p < 0.001; for persons with observed disability Pearson r = 0.820, p < 0.001). Individual functions all had high interclass correlations (>0.75), except bowel and bladder, which had moderate correlations. Qualitative inquiry found the L.I. F.E. was preferred over the Barthel. Conclusions. Using L.I. F.E. , function can be measured without language or literacy. L.I. F.E. expands our ability to measure and compare the prevalence of disability and the impact of rehabilitation across regions perhaps leading to more rational allocation of resources.
Effect of High-Speed Strength Training on Physical Performance in Young Soccer Players of Different Ages

Abstract Rodríguez-Rosell, D, Franco-Márquez, F, Mora-Custodio, R, and González-Badillo, JJ. Effect of high-speed strength training on physical performance in young soccer players of different ages. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2498–2508, 2017—The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of low-load, low-volume weight training combined with plyometrics on strength, sprint, and jump performance in soccer players of different ages. Eighty-six soccer players from the same academy were categorized into 3 groups by age (under 13 years, U13, n = 30; under 15, U15, n = 28; and under 17, U17, n = 28) and then randomly assigned into 2 subgroups: a strength training group (STG) and a control group (CG). The strength training program was performed twice a week for 6 weeks and consisted of full squats (load: 45–60% 1 repetition maximum; volume: 3 set of 8–4 repetitions), jumps, and straight line sprint exercises. After training intervention, the STGs showed significant improvements in maximal strength (7.5–54.5%; p < 0.001), jump height (5.7–12.5%; p <0.01–0.001), and sprint time (−3.7 to −1.2%; p ⩽0.05–0.001), whereas no significant gains were found for any variable in the CGs. Comparison between experimental groups resulted in a greater magnitude of change for U13 compared with U15 (effect sizes [ES]: 0.10–0.53) and U17 (ES: 0.14–1.41) soccer players in most variables, whereas U15 showed higher improvements in jump and strength parameters than U17 (ES: 0.25–0.90) soccer players. Thus, although our results indicates that a combined weight training and plyometrics program may be effective in eliciting gains in strength, jump, and sprint in soccer players of different ages, the training program used appears to be generally less effective as the age of the soccer players increased. Therefore, it appears that training characteristics (mainly volume, intensity, and type of exercise) should be modified in relation to maturity status and initial strength level.
High-Speed Resistance Training Modifies Load-Velocity and Load-Power Relationships in Parkinson's Disease

Abstract Ni, M and Signorile, JF. High-speed resistance training modifies load-velocity and load-power relationships in Parkinson's disease. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2866–2875, 2017—Muscle power is a major neuromuscular factor affecting motor function and independence in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and it is commonly targeted using high-speed exercise. This study examined the changes in velocities (Vpp) and percent loads (%1RMpp) at peak power and load-velocity (L-V) and load-power (L-P) relationships, resulting from resistance training because of exercise choice and loading in older patients with PD. Fourteen older adults with mild to moderate PD participated in a 12-week randomized controlled power training trial. Changes in L-V and L-P relationships for the biceps curl, chest press, leg press, hip abduction, and seated calf were assessed using pneumatic resistance machines at loads ranging from 30 through 90% of subjects' 1 repetition maximum for each exercise. Significant increases in Vpp were seen for biceps curl, leg press, hip abduction, and seated calf and decreases in %1RMpp were noted for biceps curl and hip abduction. Additionally, unique patterns of change were seen in these relationships across exercises, with biceps curl, chest press, and leg press showing the greatest shifts at the lower load end of the loading spectrum, and hip abduction and seated calf showing greatest responses at the higher end. The patterns of change in L-V and L-P relationships provide evidence for the unique responses of the specific muscle groups and joints to the exercises evaluated and offer a framework for more exacting exercise prescriptions in patients with PD.
Efectividad del Sipertrin 5sc en el control de Aedes aegypti en Santa Clara, Villa Clara

Introduction: the use of insecticide-treated materials is one of the strategies currently recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases. Even though insecticide-impregnated materials have not been used in Cuba, several pyrethroid insecticide formulations have been in use since 1986 for the control of various vector species. Objective: determine the effectiveness of pyrethroid insecticide betacypermethrin, formulated as Sipertrin 5 SC, for the control of Aedes aegypti. Methods: effectiveness of Sipertrin 5 SC was determined by three procedures: residual treatment of resting sites-perifocal, impregnation of curtains, and combination of the two, applying the methodologies recommended by WHO, all of which was carried out in households from Condado Norte Council, 20th Anniversary health area, in the municipality of Santa Clara, Villa Clara. Bioassays were conducted to determine the effectiveness of this pyrethroid on various surfaces, following the methodology recommended by WHO. Results: the greatest residual effect was obtained with the combined treatment (resting sites, perifocal treatment and curtain impregnation), with an effectiveness of up to 5 months. In households undergoing resting site and perifocal treatment, residuality was 4 months. Effectiveness of the product was highest on plastic and concrete surfaces, with a mortality rate of 95 to 100 % up to three months. On metal surfaces mortality was 85%. Conclusions: Sipertrin 5 SC is a candidate to be considered for possible inclusion in Aedes aegypti control programs in Cuba. Its use will contribute to the sustainability of the strategies implemented.
Effects of a Modified German Volume Training Program on Muscular Hypertrophy and Strength

Abstract Amirthalingam, T, Mavros, Y, Wilson, GC, Clarke, JL, Mitchell, L, and Hackett, DA. Effects of a modified German volume training program on muscular hypertrophy and strength. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 3109–3119, 2017—German Volume Training (GVT), or the 10 sets method, has been used for decades by weightlifters to increase muscle mass. To date, no study has directly examined the training adaptations after GVT. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a modified GVT intervention on muscular hypertrophy and strength. Nineteen healthy men were randomly assign to 6 weeks of 10 or 5 sets of 10 repetitions for specific compound resistance exercises included in a split routine performed 3 times per week. Total and regional lean body mass, muscle thickness, and muscle strength were measured before and after the training program. Across groups, there were significant increases in lean body mass measures, however, greater increases in trunk (p = 0.043; effect size [ES] = −0.21) and arm (p = 0.083; ES = −0.25) lean body mass favored the 5-SET group. No significant increases were found for leg lean body mass or measures of muscle thickness across groups. Significant increases were found across groups for muscular strength, with greater increases in the 5-SET group for bench press (p = 0.014; ES = −0.43) and lat pull-down (p = 0.003; ES = −0.54). It seems that the modified GVT program is no more effective than performing 5 sets per exercise for increasing muscle hypertrophy and strength. To maximize hypertrophic training effects, it is recommended that 4–6 sets per exercise be performed, as it seems gains will plateau beyond this set range and may even regress due to overtraining.
Functioning and disability in multiple sclerosis

Purpose. To describe functioning and disability in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) according to the model endorsed by the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF). Methods. Adult patients with MS were consecutively enrolled. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHO-DAS II) and the ICF checklist were administered in individual sessions. Descriptive analyses were performed to report on EDSS and WHO-DAS II scores. ICF categories reported as a problem by more than 20% of patients were described in detail. Results. One hundred patients (70 females, mean age 41.7), 73 with relapsing-remitting MS were enrolled. Mean WHO-DAS II score was 10.6 and 58 ICF categories were selected: 23 Body Functions and Structures, 21 Activities and Participation and 14 Environmental Factors. Conclusions. The ICF can be successfully implemented in clinical and rehabilitation of patients with MS, because it enables to describe its multiple facets. Little differences between capacity and performance in ICF categories connected with activities of daily living, and presence of technical aids and other environmental factors are reported. On the contrary, in categories related to relationships, performance was worse than capacity thus revealing attitudinal barriers.
INTERVENTION AS THE RATIONAL APPROACH TO CONTROL DISEASES OF MICROBIAL ETIOLOGY TRANSMITTED BY FOODS. An actualization of the tale of the frog and the grouse?after Lafontaine (1621?1695).

Even advanced countries suffer from infectious diseases spread by food animal origin. The underlying mechanism of this morbidity is known and is important to design measures to reduce the incidence via intervention sensu Wilson (1955). The classical defense lines which rely on high-level hygiene in the slaughter-house and during food preparation are insufficient to control these food transmitted enteric infections. Consequently, a third line of defense, processing for safety, is required here as it was in the dairy and the egg product industries. At least two effective modes of processing for safety of raw food animal origin are available to erect this third line of defense. These includ radicidation and lactic acid decontamination. The two procedures lead to marked reward in terms of control of infection, while they are both fully safe. It is the duty of Public Health bacteriologists to advise regulatory agenci and consumers in applying one or both of these measures for improved healt protection. The health profession cannot possibly hope to achieve this goal without recruiting the assistance of experts in human behavior and more particular in factors determining selection and rejection of foods by consumers.
Holistic group rehabilitation – a short cut to adaptation to the new life after mild acquired brain injury

Purpose. The purpose was to explore and understand what patients with mild acquired brain injury ((mABI)) consider is effective in a holistic therapy group rehabilitation programme and how the programme affects the rehabilitation process. Methods. Thematic interviews were conducted with ten informants with diagnosed mABI. They were recruited through purposive sampling after completing a group rehabilitation programme. The data were analysed using a constant comparative method. Results. The programme provided the informants with awareness of their difficulties in daily life. They were thus motivated to develop compensatory strategies for better function. The core category ‘process of change’ and four sub-categories were defined: ‘the group process’, ‘the individual’, ‘family’ and ‘work’. These describe how the programme supported illness management strategies, e.g. setting and maintaining boundaries, coping with and accepting the hard facts of disability. Body awareness training was important. Work capacity was regarded as a measure of recovery. Social relations concentrated on meaningful exchanges. Conclusion. When meeting patients with mABI it is important to consider that, despite apparently well functioning; they might suffer from disabling symptoms that affect performance of daily life. A holistic group rehabilitation programme with integrated information properly provides a short cut to facilitating awareness and adjustment.
Reducción de la respuesta glicémica posprandial post-ingesta de raíz fresca de yacón en sujetos sanos.

RESUMEN Antecedentes El yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) es una planta oriunda de los Andes, de conocido uso popular en los pacientes diabeticos pero con muy pocos estudios realizados que avalen esta costumbre. Objetivo Demostrar que el consumo agudo de la raiz fresca de yacon reduce la respuesta glicemica posprandial en sujetos sanos durante el Test de Tolerancia Oral a la Glucosa. Material y Metodos En este estudio clinico experimental no ciego, participaron 6 sujetos sanos (Hemograma, perfil bioquimico, hepatico y tolerancia a la glucosa en rangos normales) los cuales fueron sometidos primero a un test de tolerancia oral a la glucosa (TTOG -control), y luego un test similar anadiendo 300g de raiz fresca de Yacon via oral (TTOG-yacon). Se midieron los niveles de glucosa a los 0, 30, 60, 90 y 120 minutos. Se estimo la respuesta glicemica por medio del area incremental positiva de glucosa y el porcentaje de variacion de glucosa, los resultados fueron analizados con la prueba “t” de Student para muestras pareadas.
Can Resistance Training Enhance the Rapid Force Development in Unloaded Dynamic Isoinertial Multi-Joint Movements? A Systematic Review

Abstract Van Hooren, B, Bosch, F, and Meijer, K. Can resistance training enhance the rapid force development in unloaded dynamic isoinertial multi-joint movements? A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 31(8): 2324–2337, 2017—The objectives of this systematic review were to (a) evaluate whether resistance training can improve the rapid force development in unloaded dynamic isoinertial multi-joint movements and (b) investigate whether these effects differ between untrained/recreationally trained and well-trained individuals. Four electronic databases were screened for studies that measured the effects of resistance training on rapid force development in unloaded dynamic isoinertial multi-joint movements. Twelve studies with a total of 271 participants were included. 10/26 (38%) and 6/14 (43%) of the measures of rapid force development in unloaded dynamic isoinertial multi-joint movements significantly improved following training in the untrained/recreationally trained and well-trained individuals, respectively. Additionally, 7/14 (50%) and 3/12 (25%) of the measures significantly improved during a countermovement and squat jump in the untrained/recreationally trained individuals and 4/6 (67%) and 2/8 (25%) significantly improved during a countermovement and squat jump in the well-trained individuals, respectively. These findings indicate that resistance training has a limited transfer to rapid force development in unloaded dynamic isoinertial multi-joint movements, especially for well-trained individuals and in movements without a countermovement. Furthermore, rapid force development has likely a limited transfer from movements with countermovement to movements without a countermovement and from bilateral movements to unilateral movements. Therefore, it is important to specifically mimic the actual sport movement in order to maximize the transfer of training and testing.