Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluación de reglas alternativas de política monetaria cuando el instrumento es un agregado monetario: el caso de Uruguay

El trabajo evalua el desempeno de algunas reglas de politica monetaria en Uruguay y logra tambien algunas conclusiones interesantes pero limitadas en torno al tema de la practica discrecional o el apego a una regla simple para conducir la politica monetaria. Se arriba a la conclusion de que, guiado solamente por el deseo de reducir las varianzas de algunas variables relevantes y en tanto la estabilizacion de la inflacion sea valorada, el banco central deberia adoptar un esquema de metas y atenerse al “inflation targeting” que la sociedad le dicte. Frente al hecho plausible de desconocimiento de las preferencias sociales, continua siendo conveniente la adopcion de un esquema de metas mas que una regla simple. Sujeto a la adopcion de dicho sistema, una ganancia de eficiencia es posible eligiendo cualquier esquema de metas de inflacion domestica. Dado que por definicion las reglas meta se asociaron a la practica discrecional, la dominancia mostrada de las reglas meta sobre las simples puede interpretarse, con las limitaciones asociadas a la definicion asumida del esquema de metas y a los supuestos del analisis general, como la ventaja de la discrecionalidad sobre el compromiso en el ejercicio de la politica monetaria en Uruguay.
Exercise‐induced skeletal muscle deoxygenation in O2‐supplemented COPD patients

This study was designed to assess quadriceps oxygenation during symptom‐limited and constant‐load exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy age‐matched controls. Thirteen male COPD patients [FEV1: 43±5% predicted (mean±SEM)] and seven healthy male controls performed an incremental exercise test at peak work rate (WR) and a constant‐load test at 75% peak WR on a cycle ergometer. Quadriceps hemoglobin saturation (StO2) was measured by continuous‐wave near‐infrared spectrophotometry throughout both exercise tests. StO2 is the ratio of oxygenated hemoglobin to total hemoglobin and reflects the relative contributions of tissue O2 delivery and tissue O2 utilization. Oxygen was supplemented to all patients in order to maintain arterial O2 saturation normal (>95%). The StO2 decreased during symptom‐limited exercise, reaching the nadir at peak WR. The decrease in StO2 was greater (P<0.05) in healthy subjects (from 74±2% to 38±6%) compared with that in COPD patients (from 61±5% to 45±4%). However, when StO2 was normalized relative to the WR, the slope of change in StO2 during exercise was nearly identical between COPD patients and healthy subjects (0.47±0.10%/W and 0.51±0.04%/W, respectively). During constant‐load exercise, the kinetic time constant of StO2 desaturation after the onset of exercise (i.e., equivalent to time to reach approximately 63% of StO2 decrease) was not different between COPD patients and healthy subjects (19.0±5.2 and 15.6±2.5 s, respectively). In O2‐supplemented COPD patients, peripheral muscle oxygenation for a given work load is similar to that in healthy subjects, thus suggesting that skeletal muscle O2 consumption becomes normal for a given O2 delivery in COPD patients.
Death Obsession in Palestinians

The authors explored death obsession level and correlates among a sample (N = 601) of Palestinians living in the city of Beit Jala, the village of Al-Khader, and the Aida refugee camp in the Bethlehem area. They live in war conditions; the houses of half of them have been demolished. The Death Obsession Scale (DOS) was administered. Its alpha reliability was . 92, denoting high internal consistency. Among women, it yielded 1 factor, (General Death Obsession), whereas among men it yielded 3 factors: Death Rumination, Death Dominance, and Death Idea Repetition. Palestinian men and women attained significantly lower DOS mean scores than participants from 4 Arab countries: Egypt, Kuwait, Syria, and Lebanon in 7 out of 8 comparisons. However, Palestinian women had significantly higher DOS mean score than their Spanish, American and British counterparts, whereas Palestinian men had significantly higher mean DOS score than Spanish peers. The low DOS scores of Palestinians, in proportion to other Arab samples, may reflect their adaptation to strife and violence.
[The affect of Si-Rac1b on the malignant biological behaviors of colorectal cancer cell].

OBJECTIVE To observe the affect of Small interfering RNA Rac1b (Si-Rac1b) on the malignant biological behaviors of colorectal cancer cell including the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of the cells. METHODS Mediated by lipofectamine 2000, Si-Rac1b was transfected into colorectal cancer cell line SW1116 (with overexpression of Rac1b). The expression of Rac1b was detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR. The CCK-8 assay was used to analyze the cell proliferation, the Wound-healing assay and invasion assay were respectively applied to analyze the cell migration and invasion, and the Hoechst 33258 was used to evaluate the apoptotic index. RESULTS Si-Rac1b can knock down the Rac1b but not Rac1 both in the level of mRNA and protein. In addition, Si-Rac1b could singnificantly facilitate the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and control the cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION Si-Rac1b could partically reverse the malignant phenotypes of colorectal cancer cell.
Young generation’s perception on the agricultural sector

The future agricultural sector is required not only to maximize the management of natural resources but also to manage human resources as the main actors driving and maintaining its existence amid the decreasing interest of the young generation in the agricultural sector. The agricultural sector is prone to high uncertainty due to global climate change. This research sought to identify young generation’s perception on the agricultural sector. This study was a descriptive research using survey on 120 farmers’ children (called as Taruna Tani) in Sragen Regency, Indonesia with direct interview through questionnaires as primary data. The results showed that most youths had fairly good perceptions in terms of income, social status, and work convenience in the agricultural sector, but not in terms of career development and warranty of future life. The youth concerned with the lack of careers and warranty of future life if they work in the agricultural sector. However, today’s young generations are very potential to be prepared for being the human resources to develop agricultural development in the future. Therefore, some efforts are needed to encourage the youths to work in the agricultural sector through socializing and educating them about agriculture and introducing technology and cultivation innovations to anticipate the impacts of climate change on the agricultural sector.
Repeated measures F tests and psychophysiological research: controlling the number of false positives.

Wilson (1967, 1974) indicated that when successive measurements are obtained in psychophysiological investigations, analysis of the data with repeated measures F tests will very likely result in positively biased tests of the repeated factor null hypothesis. The present paper demonstrates how the Greenhouse and Geisser (1959) three-step approach to significance testing, a procedure intended to control the probability of a false positive, can be applied to experimental designs containing any number of repeated measures variables. In addition, the paper contains a short computer program for obtaining a numerical solution.
Network driven cache behavior in wireless sensor networks

It is becoming increasingly apparent that approaches and methodologies traditionally used in on-chip and off-chip cache memories can offer significant benefits to a wide range of wireless network scenarios. A prominent relative area is Wireless Sensor Networks characterized by a wide range of advantages but, at the same time, extremely limited and scarce resources. However, most of the relative efforts presented so far do not consider the unique conditions and respective challenges imposed by wireless communication medium even more in industrial environments. This paper presents our initial study in developing cross-layer approaches among MAC layer and cache management in three axis: (i) adaptive cache invalidation technique, (ii) application and network driven cache replacement techniques and (iii) adaptive cache prefetching techniques. Additionally, simulation based performance evaluation is presented revealing promising results regarding resource conservation due to the use of proposed methodologies in wireless networks of limited resources.
Identification of 6-prenylindole as an antifungal metabolite of Streptomyces sp. TP-A0595 and synthesis and bioactivity of 6-substituted indoles.

The biological control is an alternative measure to agrochemicals to control fungal pathogens in agricultural production. We recently reported the utilization of an actinomycete to the biological control in horticultural plant. Tissue-cultured seedlings of horticultural rhododendron suffer from significant damage caused by Pestalotiopsis sydowiana, a major pathogen of rhododendron, during the acclimatization. The inoculation of an endophytic Streptomyces galbus R-5 isolated from a field-grown rhododendron to the seedlings made them resistant to the pathogen1-3) Although the major antifungal metabolites of strain R-5, actinomycin X2 and fungichromin, were speculated to be responsible for the resistance, their involvement in plant protection was not proved2). In spite of this observation, inoculation of such strains that produce secondary metabolites with antifungal activity is expected as a new strategy to control disease resistance in plants. Alternaria brassicicola is a casual pathogen of Brassica species and causes damage and loss of quality to Brassica crops worldwide4). In our previous screening of the microbial secondary metabolites which suppress the disease symptom caused by A. brassicicola in the seedlings of Chinese cabbage, two positive strains producing metabolites antagonistic and non-antagonistic to the in vitro
Reaching, Engaging and Advancing Research (REAR); An Assessment of Health Managers’ Skills and Knowledge in Data Management, Analysis, Utilization, and Dissemination Kenya, Tanzania and Rwanda

The objective of the study was to investigate the gap between data and evidence-based decisions among healthcare professionals considering the enormous amount of individual and aggregate data collected. Our study assessed the capacity, skills, and knowledge of the Ministry of Health leadership staff to understand data management, analysis, utilization, and dissemination. Three key components were assessed: 1) Knowledge through true/false questions, 2) Level of Skill (and Competency) using a Likert scale, and 3) Understanding of Key Concepts and Tools based on a Likert scale. The 183 study respondents were diverse healthcare professionals from Kenya, Tanzania, and Rwanda. Majority of respondents had not received any training on data management, analysis, interpretation, and utilization techniques, further there was a significant difference between those who had received training versus those who had not(p=0.005). The respondents were competent in work-related experiences but lacked skills and knowledge on: data concepts and tools, study designs, and types of data analysis. These findings explain the gap between data management, analysis, utilization, and dissemination among health professional’s cadre. To enhance service delivery and optimal provision of health care, it is imperative to have all health care professionals receive a well-designed training on data management, analysis, interpretation, and utilization.
Evolution of a metallocenic sPP with time : Changes in crystalline content and enthalpic relaxation

The structural evolution of a metallocenic syndiotactic poly(propylene), sPP, with time has been studied. Due to the low syndiotactic content, the analyzed sPP sample can be easily quenched to a completely amorphous state. This amorphous sample, when left at room temperature is able to crystallize at relatively long times. The degree of crystallinity. as a function of time, has been analyzed by X-ray diffraction and DSC. The DSC melting curves show the presence of a very important low-temperature endotherm, besides the main melting peak. Real-time variable-temperature synchrotron experiments have been performed in order to analyze the origin of the two melting peaks. They seem to arise from the melting of two populations of sPP crystals with different size and/or perfection, rather than from the melting of different polymorphs. The changes in the crystalline regions are accompanied by important variations in the mechanical behavior, as revealed by DMTA and microhardness (MH) measurements. In addition, the sPP crystallization has been analyzed by MH measurements, showing the importance that a relative low crystallinity has on the stiffness of a polymeric material at temperatures above T g . On the other hand, the kinetics of the enthalpic recovery of quenched amorphous sPP specimens has been analyzed by DSC with temperature modulation. It was found that this enthalpic relaxation can be described by the KWW model, and the relaxation times and shape parameters at three different aging temperatures have been determined, with the corresponding apparent activation energy of this process.
DEBT POLICY AS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MECHANISM IN CONCENTRATED OWNERSHIP

This research aims to test the debt policy as a mechanism to reduce agency conflict among majority and minority shareholders. This test aims to answer the problems to what extend debt can be used as corporate governance mechanism in a sense of reducing agency conflict. This research is important since most of company ownership structure in Indonesia is categorized concentrated structure, where its make a conflict between majority and minority shareholders. The populations of the research are companies that go pubHc in the Indonesian capital market until the year of 2003. These samples o f this research consist of 40 companies that are selected based on nonprobability technique with purposive sampling method. They were divided into two groups, high concentrated ownership structure and low concentrated ownership structure. In processes testing the hypothesis, 2 indicators were used, i.e. market indicator and accounting indicator. Event study analysis was used for market indicator, whereas multiple regression analysis was used for accounting indicator. Based on empirical examination result, it is generally concluded that debt policy cannot be used as mechanism to reduce agency conflict among majority and minority shareholders, both at high and low concentrated ownership structure. This is because of average company debt are higher than average industry debt. Debt pol icy tend be used as a tool of expropriation to minority shareholders. The expropriation is higher at high concentrated ownership structure rather than at low concentrated ownership structure and the difference is significant.
Optimal Control of the Integrated Marketing-Production Planning Problem

We consider in this paper the integrated marketing – production planning problem and propose an optimal control approach to derive the optimal solution. The state variables are the inventory level and the stock of goodwill and the control variables are the production rate and the advertising rate. Both cases where the firm adopts a continuous-review and a periodic-review policy are considered. The optimal states and controls are obtained explicitly. Illustrative examples are presented. Sensitivity analysis shows the effect of some system parameters on the optimal solution.
Biophysical Characterization and Vector-Specific Antagonist Activity of Domain III of the Tick-Borne Flavivirus Envelope Protein

ABSTRACT The molecular determinants responsible for flavivirus host cell binding and tissue tropism are largely unknown, although domain III of the envelope protein has been implicated in these functions. We examined the solution properties and antagonist activity of Langat virus domain III. Our results suggest that domain III adopts a stably folded structure that can mediate binding of tick-borne flaviviruses but not mosquito-borne flaviviruses to their target cells. Three clusters of phylogenetically conserved residues are identified that may be responsible for the vector-specific antagonist activity of domain III.
THE ANALYSIS OF SOME ACCOMMODATION AND DIS-ACCOMMODATION ( HYSTERESIS ) PROCESSES IN SOME MAGNETIC MATERIALS AND SANDSTONES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL UNIVERSALITY

Based on recent approaches in terms of Universality classes, this paper reexamines the analysis of the growth-accommodation processes in [1] regarding photo-relaxation processes of magnetic materials (low complexity). Also the analysis is extended to compression-decompression (hysteresis) processes for rich complexity materials (sandstones). The fitting accuracies of the growthaccommodation processes are compared for three models: original West, U1 (extended Gompertz) and U2 (extended West). The last two models show a considerable better accuracy of the accommodation-stagnation processes fitting.
The Bridge of Quiescence: Experiencing Tibetan Buddhist Meditation

Consciousness is a riddle for Western science and philosophy, yet for centuries Tibetan Buddhist contemplatives have directly explored consciousness through carefully honed, rigorous techniques of meditation. This book brings together the findings of these Tibetan practitioners and the findings of Western scientists and philosophers on the nature of consiousness. The foundation of the Tibetan Buddhist science of consciousness was laid by Tsongkhapa (1357-1419), acclaimed by some as the Martin Luther, and by others as the Thomas Aquinas, of Tibetan Buddhism. "The Bridge of Quiescence" gives a readable account of Tsongkhapa's thought, and includes an original translation (with detailed commentary) of Tsongkhapa's presentation of techniques for developing exceptionally high degrees of attentional stability and clarity. According to Tsongkhapa, enchancement and refining of one's attention is an indispensable prerequisite to fruitful introspective inquiry into the nature of the mind and of consciousness itself. The insights gleaned from such contemplative investigations can be used to identify and eliminate the inner sources of anxiety, frustration and discontent. To make the implications of Tsongkhapa's thinking clear, B. Alan Wallace provides an outline of Tsongkhapa's outlook and assumptions. Western science, influenced by what Wallace calls "the cult of objectivity", neglected consciousness for 300 years, and then turned to the study of consciousness employing methods devised for investigating the external world of physical objects. Introspection has often been dismissed as futile or unscientific yet, Wallace contends, trained introspection may yield important knowledge of consciousness. "The Bridge of Quiescence" provides valuable materials for the practice of meditation, and also affords a bridge from Eastern meditative practice to Western philosophy, science and religion. Wallace's discussion draws upon his knowledge of experimental psychology, such as the sensory deprivation studies, and relates Buddhist meditation to discussions of consciousness by such Western philosophers as William James, William Christian and John Searle.
The effect of dividend payments and firm’s attributes on earnings quality: empirical evidence from Egypt

This empirical study aims mainly to investigate the effect of both dividend payments (DP) and five firm's attributes (firm size, firm leverage, firm performance, legal form and audit quality) on earnings quality (EQ) of the most active listed firms in Egypt. A sample of 552 firm-year observations during four years from 2014 to 2017 was used. Hierarchical Multiple Regression (HMR) was used to regress the six independent variables on firms’ EQ through the absence of firms’ earnings management (EM), which was estimated through discretionary accruals (DAC). Main results show that there is some divergence in EM practices over the four years and might suggest that EM by listed firms in Egypt exists especially in the first two years (2014 and 2015); how¬ever, relatively lower EM practices are found in the last two years (2016 and 2017). Correlation results show a number of significant relationships between the EM and three independent variables (firm leverage, legal form and audit quality). HMR results are in line with the results obtained via Pearson correlation.
Design of Crosspoint-Irredundant PLA's Using Minimal Number of Control Inputs

The problem of determining a minimal number of control inputs for converting a programmable logic array (PLA) with undetectable faults to crosspoint-irredundant PLA for testing has been formulated as a nonstandard set covering problem. By representing subsets of sets as cubes, this problem has been reformulated as familiar problems. It is noted that this result has significance because a crosspoint-irredundant PLA can be converted to a completely testable PLA in a straightforward fashion, thus achieving very good fault coverage and easy testability. >
Reliability, Validity, and Associations With Sexual Behavior Among Ghanaian Teenagers of Scales Measuring Four Dimensions of Relationships With Parents and Other Adults

Little research has been done on the social contexts of adolescent sexual behaviors in sub-Saharan Africa. As part of a longitudinal cohort study (N = 1275) of teenage girls and boys in two Ghanaian towns, interviewers administered a 26-item questionnaire module intended to assess four dimensions of youth–adult relationships: monitoring, conflict, emotional support, and financial support. Confirmatory factor and traditional psychometric analyses showed the four scales to be reliable. Known-groups comparisons provided evidence of their validity. All four scales had strong bivariate associations with self-reported sexual behavior (odds ratios = 1.66, 0.74, 0.47, and 0.60 for conflict, support, monitoring, and financial support, respectively). The instrument is practical for use in sub-Saharan African settings and produces measures that are reliable, valid, and predictive of sexual behavior in youth.
Une approche bio-inspirée de la locomotion quadrupède

Cette etude porte sur la modelisation et la simulation dynamique de quadrupedes en s’inspirant de la nature. Dans cette optique, des experiences ont ete effectuees avec le Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN) de Paris. L’objectif a long terme est d’apporter des elements pouvant permettre l’amelioration de la robotique, et de tenter de trouver des parametres invariants de la locomotion quadrupede. Pour le MNHN, l’interet est une meilleure comprehension mecanique de la marche des quadrupedes, en analysant les animaux d’un point de vue roboticien, et la realisation d’un simulateur parametrable dans lequel pourraient etre inserees des donnees geometriques d’especes disparues afin d’obtenir des films realistes de leurs marches. La position du probleme reside dans la complexite de la robotique a pattes, et notamment l’infinite de solutions de locomotion possibles, d’ou l’idee de s’inspirer d’un systeme qui a fait ses preuves et qui a des millions d’annees d’avance sur nous, la nature.