Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selective modulation of T cell memory markers CD62L and CD44 on murine draining lymph node cells following allergen and irritant treatment.

Naive and activated T cells are known to express different adhesion molecules and are thought to exhibit different migratory patterns that result from their expression of discrete adhesion molecules. Two adhesion molecules that have been associated with differentiating naive and activated/memory T cells are CD62L (L-selectin) and CD44 (H-CAM). It has been demonstrated previously that naive T cells express a CD62LhiCD44lo phenotype, whereas memory T cells exhibit a CD62LloCD44hi phenotype. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether chemical allergens, in contrast to irritants, would induce a CD62LloCD44hi phenotype on CD4 and/or CD8 T cells isolated from draining lymph nodes (DLN) of treated mice. Mice were treated on the ears for 3 consecutive days with concentrations of allergens or irritants which caused an increase in the number of DLN cells. The DLN were excised 72 hr following the final chemical treatment and cells prepared for analysis by flow cytometry. In mice treated with the allergen trinitrochlorobenzene an increase in the percentage of CD4+ cells expressing CD62LloCD44(hi) was observed compared to cells isolated from mice treated with the irritant benzalkonium chloride or vehicle treated mice. Mice treated with dintrochlorobenzene had an increase in the percentage of CD4+ cells expressing CD62LloCD44(hi) that was dose dependent and peaked at 72 hr following the final allergen treatment. Concomitant with changes on CD4+ cells, increases in the percentage of CD8+ cells expressing CD62LloCD44hi were observed with allergens, but not with irritants. Increases in the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ cells expressing CD62LloCD44(hi) were observed with other allergens including oxazolone and alpha-hexylcinnamaldehyde, but not the irritant sodium lauryl sulfate. These data demonstrate that allergens, but not irritants, cause a selective and reproducible increase in the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ cells expressing the T cell activation/memory phenotype CD62LloCD44hi. Analysis of T cell activation/memory markers may be useful in differentiating allergen and irritant responses in the draining lymph nodes of chemically treated mice.
Spectral cues used in the localization of sound sources on the median plane.

The spectral cues used for median‐plane localization are described by three experiments. First, the frequency spectrum necessary for localization is measured by noting the accuracy of subjects localizing low‐ and high‐pass‐filtered white noise. Second, several high‐pass, low‐pass, bandpass, and bandstop filters are associated with the subjective impression of direction by observing what directions are most frequently perceived by subjects localizing white noise colored by each filter. Third, the frequency responses of several artificial ears are measured for different angles of median‐plane sound incidence. Results show that sound spectra from 4 to 16 kHz are necessary for localization. Frontal cues are a 1‐octave notch, with a lower‐frequency cutoff between 4 and 10 kHz and increased energy above 13 kHz. The “above” cue is a 1/4‐octave peak between 7 and 9 kHz, with a high‐frequency cutoff at 10 kHz. The “behind” cue is a small peak from 10 to 12 kHz. Increases in frontal elevation are signaled by an inc.
Estrogen Replacement Therapy for the Potential Treatment or Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder that occurs gradually and results in memory loss, behavior and personality changes, and a decline in cognitive abilities. Although basic biological data suggest that estrogen may have neuroprotective and neuroenhancing functions, a number of studies have produced conflicting findings on the use of estrogen for maintaining cognitive function in older people. This review summarizes clinical studies that have examined the effects of estrogen in women with AD.
PROFIL KROMATOGRAM EKSTRAK HERBA PEGAGAN YANG BEREFEK ANTIHIPERTENSI

Herba pegagan yang secara tradisional banyak digunakan sebagai peluruh air seni ternyata juga dilaporkan dapat menurunkan tekanan darah hewan percobaan. Herba pegagan mengandung glikosida triterpen asiatikosida yang mempunyai aktivitas terhadap basilus penyebab lepra. Senyawa ini pada dosis tertentu dilaporkan bersifat karsinogen. Untuk menelusuri apakah aktivitas penurunan tekanan darah herba pegagan juga disebabkan oleh asiatikosida, telah dilakukan pengontrolan awal ekstrak aktif tersebut secara kromatografi lapis tipis dengan berbagai pereaksi diagnostik. Data kromatogram menunjukkan bahwa infus aktif herba pegagan mempunyai kandungan kimia dominan berupa glikosida triterpen dan senyawa polifenol. Tahap penelitian yang harus dilakukan selanjutnya adalah menentukan manakah di antara kedua kandungan kimia tersebut yang bertang­gung jawab terhadap efek penurunan tekanan darah.
Characteristics and outcome of patients with acute coronary syndrome and normal or near-normal coronary angiography

IntroductionThe incidence of normal or near-normal coronary angiography (NONCA) in patients undergoing coronary angiography, who have in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is reported between 1 and 12%. Earlier studies reported conflicting results regarding the nature and outcome of these patients. We used Acute Coronary Syndrome Israeli Survey (ACSIS), a biannually, nationwide ACS survey, as a source of unselected population representative of general clinical practice for the analysis and characterization of this group along the full spectrum of ACS. MethodsThis study uses patient data collected from ACSISs conducted in 2004, 2006, and 2008 in all the cardiology departments and coronary care units in Israel. Of the 5937 patients included in these surveys, 4060 (68.5%) had no earlier coronary interventions. Of these, complete angiographic data were available for 2903 patients who defines the study group. The rest of the patients were managed conservatively during the index hospitalization. On the basis of coronary angiography, 142 (4.9%) of the 2903 patients had no obstructive coronary artery disease (OCAD), 1895 (65.3%) had 1–2-vessel OCAD, 752 (25.9%) had 3-vessel OCAD, and 114 (3.9%) had left main disease. A comparison was made between the NONCA group and the OCAD group. ResultsWhen compared with the patients with OCAD, the NONCA patients were younger, more likely to be females, and had similar risk factors for OCAD. On admission, a higher incidence of chronic anticoagulants usage was noted in the NONCA group (5.6 vs. 2.0% in OCAD, P=0.04). One-quarter of the NONCA patients presented with ST-elevation on ECG as opposed to nearly half in the OCAD group (27.5 vs. 52.3% P<0.001). Most of the NONCA patients presented with normal or preserved left ventricular function on echocardiography, as compared with the significantly lower incidence of normal function in OCAD patients (77 vs. 45.5%, P<0.001). The NONCA patients were less likely to be treated with the recommended therapy for ACS, and this trend continued upon discharge. By stratifying the OCAD patients according to the number of diseased vessels, the NONCA patients had a similar mortality rate after 1 year, as the patients with 1–2-vessel OCAD (3.0 vs. 3.8, P=0.920). ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the NONCA entity and its outcome along the full spectrum of ACS by using three nationwide, unbiased ACS surveys. These data indicate that, in discordance with common belief, NONCA patients share similar risk factors and outcome with the 1–2-vessels OCAD patients, but tend to be undertreated compared with the relevant ACS guidelines during, and more importantly, after the acute episode. Further follow-up is needed to establish their true long-term outcome.
Factors associated with early dropout from adolescent psychiatric outpatient treatment.

OBJECTIVE To examine background factors, psychopathology, and psychosocial impairment among adolescents complying with or dropping out early from outpatient psychiatric treatment. METHOD Family background, psychiatric history, and other data were collected prospectively on 143 male and 154 female outpatients aged 12 to 22 years. DSM-II-R psychiatric diagnoses were assessed at the end of treatment. RESULTS Fifty-three adolescents (17.8%) attended 1 or 2 treatment appointments, and 33 of them (11.1% of 297) then dropped out; 50.5% of the total attended 3 to 13, and 31.6% attended 14 or more appointments. Low parental socioeconomic status was more common among the early dropouts than the other patient groups (88%, 69%, 63%, respectively). The early dropouts had had more problems with the law than the adolescents attending 14 or more appointments (18%, 6%), but less suicidal behavior (24%, 56%, respectively). Among the early dropouts, mood disorders were less common (21%, 49%), especially major depression (0%, 20%), and substance abuse was more common (9%, 0%) than among patients attending 14 or more appointments. CONCLUSIONS Low parental socioeconomic status, not having mood disorder, not having psychotropic medication, and having substance abuse were associated with early dropout of adolescents from outpatient psychiatric treatment.
Potential antiamoebic property of the roots of Piper longum Linn.

In an earlier study we reported the effect of ethanol extracts of Piper longum fruit against caecal amoebiasis in rats. A follow‐up study to determine whether the roots possess similar antiamoebic activity was carried out. The ethanolic extract of roots was amoebicidal at 1000 μg/mL in vitro and cured 88% of caecal amoebiasis cases, suggesting that both the root and fruit of P. longum possess antiamoebic activity to approximately the same extent. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact analysis in real-time control systems

Real time control systems typically receive streams of sampled data signals, process them, and generate output to control devices via actuators. Control system components make assumptions about sampling rate and other characteristics, such as filtering of data streams. These application-specific semantic dependencies and time-sensitive semantic properties are usually not explicit in the source code implementation. The paper discusses an approach to modeling the system architecture of real time applications, capturing semantic dependencies, and recording time-sensitive properties. Analysis of the model can identify inconsistencies in a system design and can determine the impact of a system change. This architectural dependency model can evolve incrementally to record hidden side effects, as they are discovered during maintenance, and prevent such errors in the future.
Early first‐trimester free β‐hCG and PAPP‐A serum distributions in monochorionic and dichorionic twins

In the Netherlands, prenatal screening for trisomy 21 in the first trimester of pregnancy for singletons is conducted through a combined test based on maternal age, nuchal translucency measurement and maternal serum free β‐hCG and PAPP‐A. In our clinic risk calculations in twins are currently based on the NT of both fetuses instead of the combined test. In this study we looked at differences in early first‐trimester free β‐hCG and PAPP‐A between mono‐ and dichorionic twins.
Toward a Theory of Syntactic Change

L'A. presente un compte-rendu de la monographie de Harris et Campbell (1995) Historical syntax in cross-linguistic perspective. Cet ouvrage a pour but de caracteriser la classe des changements possibles dans la syntaxe des langues naturelles, de determiner et d'etablir les contraintes formelles du changement syntaxique, d'expliquer le changement syntaxique, et de montrer comment une comprehension de ces differents points peut former la base de la reconstruction syntaxique. Leur methode appelee comparaison intersystemique permet non seulement de comparer les changements subis par des langues (non)reliees, mais aussi de comparer les divers sous-systemes d'une langue changeante
PROGRESSIVE DISCOVERY OF DOCUMENT CONTENT

As the World-Wide Web, digital libraries and similar systems become ubiquitous, increasingly effective techniques are developed to help readers locate useful documents. Information retrieval techniques for indexing and querying documents provide for accurate matching of documents against user queries. Graphical and textual query interfaces allow users to more easily and effectively specify their information requirements. Hypermedia techniques support browsing and navigation between documents.
Differential targeting of VDAC3 mRNA isoforms influences mitochondria morphology

Significance Eukaryotic cells have developed a variety of mechanisms to sort proteins into distinct intracellular compartments, using protein signals and potentially mRNA localization. Most mitochondrial proteins are nucleus-encoded and imported into mitochondria. The amino acid signals and receptors involved in import are now well characterized. However, a new model is emerging, involving mRNA targeting in mitochondrial protein import. In this work, we show that two mRNA isoforms encoding a mitochondrial porin are differentially targeted to the mitochondrial surface. The mRNA sorting signal has been identified and can be used as a tool to target a reporter RNA to mitochondria. Moreover, the differential mRNA targeting impacts mitochondria morphology and size, demonstrating the role of mRNA targeting in mitochondria biogenesis. Intracellular targeting of mRNAs has recently emerged as a prevalent mechanism to control protein localization. For mitochondria, a cotranslational model of protein import is now proposed in parallel to the conventional posttranslational model, and mitochondrial targeting of mRNAs has been demonstrated in various organisms. Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are the most abundant proteins in the outer mitochondrial membrane and the major transport pathway for numerous metabolites. Four nucleus-encoded VDACs have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. Alternative cleavage and polyadenylation generate two VDAC3 mRNA isoforms differing by their 3′ UTR. By using quantitative RT-PCR and in vivo mRNA visualization approaches, the two mRNA variants were shown differentially associated with mitochondria. The longest mRNA presents a 3′ extension named alternative UTR (aUTR) that is necessary and sufficient to target VDAC3 mRNA to the mitochondrial surface. Moreover, aUTR is sufficient for the mitochondrial targeting of a reporter transcript, and can be used as a tool to target an unrelated mRNA to the mitochondrial surface. Finally, VDAC3–aUTR mRNA variant impacts mitochondria morphology and size, demonstrating the role of mRNA targeting in mitochondria biogenesis.
Catalytic function of Drosophila melanogaster glutathione S-transferase DmGSTS1-1 (GST-2) in conjugation of lipid peroxidation end products.

Drosophila melanogaster glutathione S-transferase DmGSTS1-1 (earlier designated as GST-2) is related to sigma class GSTs and was previously described as an indirect flight muscle-associated protein with no known catalytic properties. We now report that DmGSTS1-1 isolated from Drosophila or expressed in Escherichia coli is essentially inactive toward the commonly used synthetic substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), but has relatively high glutathione-conjugating activity for 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), an electrophilic aldehyde derived from lipid peroxidation. 4-HNE is thought to have signaling functions and, at higher concentrations, has been shown to be cytotoxic and involved in the etiology of various degenerative diseases. Drosophila strains carrying P-element insertions in the GstS1 gene have a reduced capacity for glutathione conjugation of 4-HNE. In flies with both, one, or none of the GstS1 alleles disrupted by P-element insertion, there is a linear correlation between DmGSTS1-1 protein content and 4-HNE-conjugating activity. This correlation indicates that in adult Drosophila 70 +/- 6% of the capacity to conjugate 4-HNE is attributable to DmGSTS1-1. The high abundance of DmGSTS1-1 (approximately 2% of the soluble protein in adult flies) and its previously reported localization in tissues that are either highly aerobic (indirect flight muscle) or especially sensitive to oxidative damage (neuronal tissue) suggest that the enzyme may have a protective role against deleterious effects of oxidative stress. Such function in insects would be analogous to that carried out in mammals by specialized alpha class glutathione S-transferases (e.g. GSTA4-4). The independent emergence of 4-HNE-conjugating activity in more than one branch of the glutathione S-transferase superfamily suggests that 4-HNE catabolism may be essential for aerobic life.
Extended cognition in science communication

The aim of this article is to propose a methodological externalism that takes knowledge about science to be partly constituted by the environment. My starting point is the debate about extended cognition in contemporary philosophy and cognitive science. Externalists claim that human cognition extends beyond the brain and can be partly constituted by external devices. First, I show that most studies of public knowledge about science are based on an internalist framework that excludes the environment we usually utilize to make sense of science and does not allow the possibility of extended knowledge. In a second step, I argue that science communication studies should adopt a methodological externalism and accept that knowledge about science can be partly realized by external information resources such as Wikipedia.
Open-domain utterance generation using phrase pairs based on dependency relations

The development of open-domain conversational systems remains difficult since user utterances are widely varied for such systems to respond appropriately. To address this is- sue, previous research has retrieved sentences from the web as system utterances by shallow sentence matching with user utterances. However, since the retrieved sentences include the inherent contexts of the document in which the sentences originally appeared, the retrieved sentences have the possibility of containing information that is irrelevant to user utter-ances. We propose combining two strongly related semantic units (phrase pairs with dependency relations) to create a system utterance. Here, the first semantic unit is the one found in the user utterance and the second semantic unit is the one that has a dependency relation with the first one in a large text cor- pus. This way, we can guarantee that the generated utterance is related to the input user utterance. Our experiments, which examine the appropriateness of response sentences, show that our proposed method significantly outperforms other retrieval and rule-based approaches.
Difficult asthma or Churg-Strauss syndrome?

The standard management of asthma with inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators works in most patients. A significant minority, however, respond poorly to these medications and require frequent intermittent courses of oral corticosteroids or occasionally long term oral corticosteroid treatment. The success of the new leukotriene antagonists in reducing the need for steroids in these patients with difficult asthma seems also to be unmasking some undiagnosed cases of Churg-Strauss syndrome, the symptoms of which were apparently being controlled by steroids. The pathophysiology of bronchoconstriction is not fully understood, but it is clear that leukotrienes, pro-inflammatory mediators arising from arachidonic acid, are important in the inflammatory processes of asthma. Several pharmacological agents, including the sulfidopeptide-leukotriene antagonists zafirlukast, montelukast, and pranlukast, have been studied in large scale randomised clinical trials.1 These trials have all been in patients with mild to moderate asthma who were not taking oral corticosteroids —or, if they were, the dose was not altered during the studies. Several cases of Churg-Strauss syndrome associated with the useof zafirlukast have been reported in the United States and more recently with montelukast in the United Kingdom.2 3 Churg-Strauss syndrome is a rare allergic granulomatous eosinophilic vasculitis characterised by …
Morphology of Nyctotheroides hubeiensis Li et al. 1998 from Frog Hosts with Molecular Phylogenetic Study of Clevelandellid Ciliates (Armophorea, Clevelandellida)

The morphology of Nyctotheroides hubeiensis (Acta Hydrobiol. Sin. 1998, 22(suppl.):187), collected from the rectum of Phelophylax nigromaculatus, is presented in this paper based on detailed morphological information and molecular data. Our phylogenetic analysis showed that N. hubeiensis fell into the Nyctotheroides clade, which was strongly supported as monophyletic and clustered as basal to the genera Nyctotherus and Clevelandella. Also, the monophyly of the Order Clevelandellida and the affinity of parasitic nyctotherids and free‐living metopids were indicated in our work. The origin of clevelandellid ciliates as well as their possible evolutionary history was also discussed here; however, the analysis of more species from other vertebrate hosts (fish, reptiles) should be made before a well‐supported conclusion can be drawn.
A new active steering antenna for IoT devices

This paper presents the benefits of using active antennas, especially active steering antennas for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. An active steering antenna for ISM 2.4 GHz frequency band is implemented on an existing commercial product within the original device antenna volume. The active steering antenna concept is originally developed through Electromagnetic (EM) simulations using CST Microwave Studio and later implemented and tested on the commercial device. The antenna structure has adaptive radiation patterns to optimize the signal strength between the device and the gateway.
Efectos adversos de las transfusiones sanguíneas y hemoderivados

RESUMEN La transfusion de sangre y componentes sanguineos es un modo seguro y efectivo para corregir deficitshematologicos, pero pueden ocurrir efectos adversos, llamadas comunmente reacciones transfusionales.Los resultados deletereos de administrar sangre o componentes sanguineos incluyen un amplio rango deeventos y problemas mas amplios que esta denominacion; algunos efectos adversos pueden ser prevenidos,otros no.Las personas dedicadas al area de la salud deben conocer los riesgos de las transfusionessanguineas y evaluarlos contra los potenciales beneficios terapeuticos, enfrentados a estos riesgos.Las reacciones hemoliticas agudas se presentan con una incidencia de 1 en 6000 en 30 000 unidadestransfundidas, la frecuencia general de reaccion transfusional febril no hemolitica es de 0.5% a 1% porcomponente transfundido, para el concentrado eritrocitario de 0,5% a 10% y de 1 a 38% para el concentradoplaquetario. La urticaria leve se presenta en 1 a 3% de las infusiones de plasma. El choque anafilactico ocurreen 1 en 20 000 a 1 en 47 000 componentes sanguineos transfundidos.En el presente articulo se revisan estas reacciones transfusionales, contemplando dos categorias: Efectosadversos inmediatos ocurriendo durante o poco despues de la transfusion, de tipo inmunologico, como lasreacciones transfusionales hemoliticas, anafilacticas, injuria pulmonar aguda relacionada con la transfusiony no inmunologicas, como la contaminacion bacteriana, falla cardiaca congestiva, hipotermia, entre otras; asicomo efectos adversos tardios, ocurriendo dias, semanas o meses despues de la transfusion, de ordeninmunologico, como reacciones hemoliticas, purpura postransfusional, enfermedad injerto contra huespedy no inmunologico, principalmente de tipo infeccioso. PALABRAS CLAVE: Transfusion de componentes sanguineos. Hipersensibilidad a las drogas. Sangre.