Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) and MACA (Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) over DSR

Problem statement: Ad hoc wireless network (AWN) is a collection of mobile hosts forming a temporary network on the fly, without using any fixed infrastructure. QoS (Quality of Service) is the idea that transmission rates, error rates, and other characteristics can be measured, improved, and to some extent guaranteed in advance in ad hoc network however in particular concern for the continuous transmission of high bandwidth video and multimedia information this kind of content dependably transmitting is difficult in public networks using ordinary "best effort” protocols. Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) refers to a family of protocols used by stations contending for access to a shared medium like an Ethernet cable or a radio channel. MACA (Multiple Accesses with Collision Avoidance) Protocol is a Contention based Sender initiated Protocol which uses Three way handshaking means that RTS—CTS—Data packet exchange. It used in network congestion avoidance to help in determining the correct sending rate by binary exponential back off (BEB) Algorithm in which if any packet transmitted by a node is lost, the node uses the binary exponential back-off (BEB) algorithm to back off a random interval of time before retrying which is also inadequate trustworthy because of data sending acknowledgement is not received. Results: Packet delivery ratio (PDR) of the network decreases as the nodes are increases. CSMA gives constant PDR with different nodes while MACA gives higher PDR with minimum number of nodes and lower PDR as we increase the number of nodes. Average End-to-End delay increases as the number of nodes are increase but after certain number of nodes it’s again decreases as the nodes increases. CSMA gives better (lower) delay in comparison to MACA. Throughput are decreases as the nodes are increases in MACA, and in CSMA throughput are increases as the number of nodes are decreases. CSMA gives better throughput in comparison to MACA. Conclusion: The results obtained show that the analysis and performance evaluation of CSMA and MACA over DSR routing protocols. The performance has been measured with three parameters like packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay and throughput. Keywords: MANET; CSMA; MACA; DSR; PDR
Questions for Societies with “Third Age” Populations

&NA; By 2030, the number of people aged 65 and over in the United States will total 70.2 million, 20% of the U.S. population, making the older population a major consumer of goods and services. The demands of this growing group are already affecting the medical professional, changing the mix of patients, conditions treated, and what the profession and society consider acceptable outcomes. Medical education will have to adjust to these new demands by training in the diagnosis and treatment of older persons, by equating successful management of chronic conditions with curing illnesses or fixing hurts, and by dealing with the inevitability of death. Also, however, medical education should train students to understand that the rapid aging of the population has the potential to affect almost every human and societal arrangement and every social and economic institution, raising a host of ethical, moral, scientific, social, and economic questions. The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) has convened an informal working group to explore the issues raised by the extension of human life expectancy. The multidisciplinary group, which has 13 members from academia and the GSA, held its first meeting in May 1997, when it laid out the issues to be discussed in future meetings. To help frame the discussions, the group adopted the concept of the “Third Age,” a time in the life course when for most people the basic work of parenting is done, whden, under current arrangements and definitions, people are not heavily relied on for production (that is, a time when people for different reasons leave paid, full‐time jobs), and when few positive roles are recognized. The group's discussions will explore sets of interrelated questions raised by longer life expectancy and the larger number of older people. These questions can be considered in five general themes: the further extension of human life expectancy, research choices, societal vision and values, global aging, and economies and Third Age populations. These questions are raised in the paper, and in coming months the group will discuss their implications. Acad. Med. 1997;72:856–862.
H IERARCHICAL R OUTING WITH S ECURITY AND F LOW C ONTROL

For existing hierarchical network, the network is partitioned into smaller networks where each level is responsible for its own routing but no security and flow control mechanisms has been provided while routing the information, i.e. there is no investigation of ensuring security for hierarchical network routing. Hierarchical routing is used in internet routing such as OSPF. This paper proposes a method of providing both Security, Flow control and Routing analysis for Hierarchical Network Routing using Private Key Encryption and flow control mechanism to minimize packet loss. Joint analysis of Security, Flow control and Routing is used as it reveals the weaknesses in the network that remain undetected, when Security, Flow control mechanisms and Routing protocols are analyzed independently. A simulation result demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of delay, throughput.
MINIATURIZED CAVITY BACKED SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUIDE ANTENNA FOR Ku-BAND APPLICATION

M. Tech Scholar, Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government Engineering College, Ajmer Assistant Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government Engineering College, Ajmer ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract In this work, a low profile wideband substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed (CB) unidirectional antenna design with planar configuration, operating in Kuband is proposed. The design consists of a rectangular slot in the ground plane, the structure enclosed with closely placed vertical cylinders known as vias. The antenna performance is investigated in terms of gain, radiation pattern, S-parameter, fractional bandwidth, axial ratio and front-to-back ratio and resonance occurs at 14.43 GHz. All the simulations were performed using CST microwave studio software. For the proposed antenna, the impedance bandwidth (S11 < -10 dB) of 0.202 GHz (202 MHz) (1.4%) is achieved with maximum gain (IEEE) of 5.35 dBi, directivity of 6.26 dBi, with unidirectional radiation characteristics and high front to back ratio (FTBR) is 20. A good overall efficiency of 76.9% is attained. This antenna finds its applications mainly in satellite communications such as television transmissions, audio/voice, signal transmissions etc.
A Preliminary Outcome Evaluation of the Effect of Community Based Walking Program on Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Overweight Participants

Background: The metabolic syndrome has been defined in term of a group of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Increased physical activity has been recommended to prevent cardiovascular diseases. In addition, most studies explored the effect of physical activity on the Mets in Western countries. A few studies have been conducted in Asia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 12-week pedometer based community walking intervention on change in risks of metabolic syndrome (defined as clinical diagnosis criteria from the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines), in participants with overweight. Method and findings: Thirty-five overweight participants who had body mass index ≥ 25 kg.m-2 were participated and were assigned to the 12-week pedometer-based walking program (an accumulated 10,000 steps.d-1). Blood pressure, blood samples and anthropometric parameters were measured initially before and after 12-week walking intervention program. The amount of step-counts, 5-day a week was recorded in diary booklet. The study found systolic blood pressure and waist circumference were significantly lower in 30 individuals who had accumulated 10,000 steps.d-1 in the intervention group at 12 week follow-up (-13.74 mmHg and -2.48 cm, respectively). In addition, reduction in fasting blood glucose (-14.89 mg/dL) were statistical significantly associated with 10,000 steps daily (p < .001). However, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not observed. Conclusion: The accumulation of least 10,000 steps.d-1 resulted in decreased the risks of metabolic syndrome such as hypertension, diabetic mellitus in overweight adults.
Principles of Efficiency and Safety Assessment in Using Exoskeletons for Patients with Lower Limb Paralyses (Review)

In rehabilitation of patients who have lost their ability to move independently due to the paralysis of lower limbs, using exoskeletons is a perspective direction. In recent years a great number of robotic devices improving walking of people with lower paraparesis have been developed. However, their comparison is hindered since there are no standardized approaches to the assessment of their efficiency and safety. In this review, general principles of evaluating external robotic devices have been presented, and methods of determining safety and convenience of exoskeleton usage have been analyzed. Assessment of qualitative and quantitative parameters of exoskeleton-assisted walking has also been considered. The characteristic of the questionnaires, standard tests and biochemical investigations, which are used in approbation of exoskeletal devices in people with paraplegia has been presented. Possible ways of evaluating energy expenditure when moving in exoskeletons are shown. The need of elaborating a unified evaluation strategy of walking in exoskeletons has been substantiated.
Image Noise and Edge Filtering - A Survey, Analysis using MATLAB

- Removing noise from the pictures could be a nice challenge for the researchers. Edge detection is a picture process technique for locating the boundaries of objects among pictures. Edge find filters look for borders betIen totally different colors so will find contours of objects. There are lots of image processing techniques to be available to apply and remove noise and signal based problems in an image. I surveyed noise filters and edge filters in concept view and also analyzed with the help of MATLAB. Analysis work is based on filter name,analysis output and pseudo code. I analyzed basic noise and edge filtering techniques in initial research work. I worked out with Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise, speckle noise filter, poisson filter, median filter, wiener filter, sobel filter, prewitt filter, Robert filter, Laplacian filter and finally I calculated PSNR(Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) value also.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: SUSTAINABILITY AND SOCIAL IMPACT BY NOT-FOR-PROFITS: THEORY AND EVIDENCE

Social Entrepreneurship (SE) is; identification of a social problem and a solution for the problem; the evaluation of the social impact, the business model and the sustainability of the venture. This paper is a review of scholarly work on SE and how it creates sustainability of the social mission of not-for-profit organizations. Relevant previous studies have been reviewed and interrogated. The review of scholarly work reveals that Faith Based organizations have taken lead in SE and have obtained sustainability from these efforts. Other private and corporate entities have indulged and excelled in SE, for instance the Grameen bank. Governments e.g. UK, USA, Kenya etc. in their policies have given cognizance to SE for not-for-profits. The findings of this study gives the overall picture that; there is more assurance in the continuity of the work of not-for-profit organizations through the sustainability created by investing in social enterprises. Discussed and reviewed id the theoretical backing of SE being; the Framing theory of social entrepreneurship, theory of resource base, behavioral theory of the firm, the theory of sustainability, change theory, and the capability-based theory. There is opportunity for further research to develop knowledge based numerical evidence on the financial sustainability brought by SE.
A Wideband PIFA Loaded with Metamaterial Superstate for 4G LTE & WLAN Devices

In this article a wideband planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) is presented covering 4G LTE (Long Term Evolution) and WLAN (Wireless LAN) bands. RT Duroid 5880 is used as a dielectric substrate with overall dimensions as 44 mm x 20 mm making it suitable for most of the wireless devices. Proposed antenna has wide bandwidth of more than 600 MHz covering 4G LTE from 2.3 to 2.7 GHz and Wireless LAN (2.41 GHz -2.485 GHz) standards. Bandwidth and gain is enhanced significantly by using metamaterial Superstate. It is observed that there is a good match between simulated and measured results.
Design and Implementation of Novel Super Resolution Algorithm using Inpainting

— A new work for the examplar based inpainting. It procedures on first step is inpainting for input image. Super-resolution algorithm is used to gain missing areas of the input image. Benefit of this approach is it is easy to low resolution images than high resolution images. The advantage is in two terms, they are computational complexity and visual quality. Different configurations can be done on low resolution input picture is inpainted for many times. All details are gained by using super resolution algorithm.
Post Silicon Recovery from Clock-Domain Crossing Failures in Multiclock SoCs

: Modern SoCs are very complex and work under different clock domains. Data is transferred from one domain to another domain, which needs to be synchronized. These signals produce Clock Domain Crossing Faults in fabricated chips. The careful post-silicon testing for multiclock circuits. Even when robust design methods based on synchronizers and design verification techniques are used, process variations can introduce subtle timing problems that affect data transfer across clock-domain boundaries for fabricated chips. This paper introduces methods for Detecting and locating the CDC faults and Post Silicon Recovery from CDC failures is ensured. In the proposed method, CDC faults are Detected using Scan Flip-flops and located using a CDC-fault dictionary, and their impact is masked using post-silicon clock-path tuning. To quantify the impact of process variations in the transfer of data at clock domain boundaries of multiclock circuits and to validate the proposed error-recovery method, we conducted a series of HSpice simulations using a 45-nm technology. These results ensure the effectiveness of Post silicon Recovery in Multi Clock circuits.
PREPARATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF DICLOFENAC ENCAPSULATED LIPOSOMES USING LIPID HYDRATION TECHNIQUE

The aim of the study is to encapsulate, optimize and characterize the liposomal preparations of various formulations of Diclofenac sodium (DS) along with phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, stearylamine and dicetylphosphate. Rotary evaporator is set at a temperature of 40 0 C with constant rotation speed. Liposomes were prepared by LipidHydration technique using rotary evaporator (RE-300). The prepared liposomes were analyzed for size, zeta potential, percentage of drug encapsulated, in-vitro drug release and stability studies. Particle size of the drug loaded liposome was decreased when compared to that of the drug free. Encapsulation efficiency of the drug loaded liposomes with PC shows increase in the percentage of drug encapsulated to that of the lower concentrated vesicles and positive charge inducer have revealed elevated encapsulation efficiency. Liposomes composed of PC: CHOL: SA observed to be released at high rate and stability studies confirms that PC: CHOL: SA is supreme stable at varied temperatures. Phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and stearylamine based preparations posses the suitable % drug encapsulated and release rate. The composition PC: CHOL: SA at a concentration of 16:8:4 μmoles proved as a stable suspension. From the study it can be concluded that cholesterol and stearylamine based phosphatidylcholine liposomes are most suitable to encapsulate the Diclofenac sodium.
Development of Mobile Agents With Aglets ( A Java Based Tool)

Mobile agents are a type of software agent with mobility. They autonomously travel from computer to computer performing the desired task. They can be deployed in many complex scenarios of distributed applications such as mobile data computing, networking, manufacturing and scientific computing etc. Existing client server paradigm used for distributed applications has certain drawbacks such as large overhead, security problem, huge network load and data redundancy. Mobile agents eliminate the drawbacks of existing client server paradigm by reducing network load , latency and executing asynchronously. They also make the system adaptive to changes , robust and fault tolerant. Various tools have been devised for mobile agent development . Some of them are Aglets, Voyager, Grasshopper, Tryllian, JADE, Tracy, SPRINGS. This paper focuses on Aglets , one of the best tools for agent development. It is a java based tool. It makes use of various favourable agent development features of java such as platform independence, dynamic loading, secure executions and adds on some new features necessary for mobile agent development.
Push and Pull Based Smart Antenna System

: In environments with locality of client demands, the use of multiple directional antennas at the Broadcast Server has been shown to increase performance. In many cases however, such broadcasting systems fail to exploit the full potential of the multiple antennas as they do not take into account the geographical distribution of clients within the coverage area of the system[1]. This system proposes an adaptive smart antenna based wireless push system where the beam width of each smart antenna is altered based on the current placement of clients within the system area. Coupled with a modification of the broadcast schedule, the system significantly increases the performance observed by the system clients. Data broadcasting, which has emerged as an efficient way of information dissemination in wireless networks, can be characterized by locality of client demands. However, depending on the actual placement of clients within the coverage area of the system, there can exist cases where the use of directional antennas of fixed beam width limits the amount of performance improvement over single antenna systems . This is because the coverage area of each such antenna is fixed and does not follow the geographical distribution of clients within the coverage area of the system. When this distribution is not uniform, but rather there exist areas with higher density of client groups, there can exist cases where one or more antennas serve a very small, possibly even zero, number of clients, a fact that leads to underutilization of these antennas and consequently to their small contribution to performance improvement.
Buddy Analytics Based On Social Media Using Hadoop

— Social Network Sites play important roles in people lives for sharing information. Facebook, Twitter becomes one of the important platforms for interaction. Facebook allows people to have their own accounts to comment, express feelings and convey emotions via texts as well as emotions. Over the last few years BIG-DATA used in different industries, on a scaling that generated lots of data every day. Big Data is a collection of data that is huge and complex to process using data processing applications, Hadoop is a distributed paradigm used to manipulate the large amount of data. It holds the large amount data and perform the operations like data and result analysis, data analytics. Hadoop is highly scalable computing platform. E-commerce sites and social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram are receiving comments, tweets and customer reviews in millions per day in the range of Zettabyte each year. Lot of research is going on analysis of reviews given by people. We can collect data from the social media site by using online streaming tool Flume. We are using Pig and its queries to give the sentiment data based up on the groups. Pig and Hive approach to compute huge volumes of data since Google implemented its platform on Google Distributed File Systems (GFS) and then Amazon Web Service (AWS) provides its services with Hadoop. so that we use Proposed algorithm with Pig/Hive. This our Analytics project provides a way of analyzing of big data such as social media data using Apache Hadoop which will process and analyze the comments/tweets or reviews on a Hadoop clusters and recommends a suitable user. This study is significant of enabling the stakeholders such as administrators and businessmen to monitor any discussion issue for enhancing their services.
Impact of drying on nutrient composition of two freshwater fishes Heteropneustes fossilis and Clarius batrachus

Present investigation was carried to find out the nutrient composition of two freshwater fishes collected from two fish markets of Morigaon District, Assam. The work was directed towards the study of the nutrient composition of fresh and dry Clarius batrachus (Magur) and Heteropneustes fossilis (Singi) and compared the effect of drying on the nutritive value of fishes. In both fresh and dry fishes proximate analysis targeted the determination of the percentage of moisture, ash, protein and fat. Samples were analyzed by wet and dry methods. The moisture content of fresh C.batrachus varied from 68.8±0.66 to 73.9±1.4%, the ash content from 10.9±0.70 to 13.2±0.14%, the protein content from 18.2±0.36 to 21.3±0.53% and the fat content from 3.1±0.28 to 4.8±0.97%. The moisture content of the fresh H.fossilis samples ranged from 54.5±0.25 to 62.4±0.09%, the ash content from 9.58±0.67 to 10.49±0.83%, the protein content ranged from 17.90±0.68 to 20.5±0.25% and the fat content from 2.85±0.37 to 3.7±0.55%. After drying the values were lowered than that of the fresh fishes. Decrease of moisture (maximum by 4.15%), ash (by 1.38%), protein (by 1.91%) and fat contents showed the most prominent changes in both the fishes (by 37.53%, 24.32%) after drying. The fat content was significantly (P<0.01) decreased in both the fishes. As for the proximate composition of dry fishes it was clearly observed that all the studied parameters were not significantly different (P<0.01) from each other in both fresh and dry samples except fat content. Variations appeared may be due to the interaction during the drying process.
SÍNDROME MÃO-PÉ INDUZIDA POR CAPECITABINA: RELATO DE CASO

A capecitabina e um agente quimioterapico indicado, dentre outros casos, como monoterapia no câncer de mama metastatico. A sindrome mao-pe consiste numa das reacoes adversas associadas ao seu uso e caracteriza-se por eritema doloroso, edema, disestesia, descamacao, bolhas e ulceras nas regioes palmar e plantar. Objetivou-se descrever o caso de uma paciente portadora de carcinoma de mama esquerda com metastase hepatica que apresentou sindrome mao-pe decorrente do tratamento com capecitabina. Trata-se de um relato de caso ocorrido num hospital universitario de um estado do nordeste do Brasil em 2016. Foi necessaria a suspensao do protocolo antineoplasico utilizado. Observou-se remissao parcial dos sintomas apos o uso do gel de Aloe vera para o tratamento das areas afetadas. Ressalta-se a importância do relato para conhecimento dessa reacao adversa, facilitando sua identificacao e manejo, para promover melhora da qualidade de vida do paciente oncologico.