Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Near-Surface Air Temperature on Sub-Surface Geothermal Gradient and Heat Flow in Bornu-Chad Basin, Nigeria

A study of the effect of near-surface temperature on fields of subsurface geothermal gradient and heat flow has been carried out in the Bornu-Chad Basin, Nigeria, using corrected Bottom-Hole Temperatures (BHTc) lithologic-log data from 9 oil wells. The geothermal gradient using only BHTs ranges from 15.9oCkm-1 to 38.2oCkm-1 with an average of 26.9+/-3.5oCkm-1, while that computed with mean annual temperature and BHTs ranges from 28.2oCkm-1 to 51.5oCkm-1with an average of 37.5+/-2.5oCkm-1. The geothermal gradient using the mean annual temperature and BHTs in the Bornu-Chad is higher than using only BHTs by 7.0oCkm-1. Heatflow ranges from a minimum of 61 mWm-2 to a maximum of 114mWm-2 with an average of 68+/-5.89mWm-2. The isotherm maps exhibit an increasing SW-NE trend. An average heat flow of 68+/-5.9mWm-2 deduced from Bornu-Chad basin is normal for a continental passive margin with age of about 100My. Geothermal gradient results show a distinct and direct relationship with near-surface conditions. There are indications that surface heat flow is controlled by lithology, geothermal gradient and near-surface solar radiation conditions in the Bornu-Chad basin. Consequently, it is recommended that the mean surface temperature be used in geothermal gradients and heatflows estimations. The knowledge of geothermal properties is very important in the search for geothermal energy in the area of study.
Development of an Innovative ICT Infrastructure for an Eco-Cost System with Life Cycle Assessment

A novel Internet-based information communication technology (ICT) infrastructure for an eco-accounting system was successfully developed to deliver “EcoCosts”, which are the values of environmental impact throughout the product life cycle. The ICT infrastructure manages its internal elements and interacts with operation modules in the supply chain via Web-based service interfaces. The infrastructure consists of upperware, middleware, and resource layers. The upperware layer manipulates the middleware elements (cloud-based load balancing, life cycle assessment, Web-based services, and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)-enabled mobile access), and manages the associated resources within the eco-accounting system. As novel features of the ICT infrastructure, load balancing is used to handle large numbers of data and to allocate the computing load across the eco-accounting network nodes, and life cycle assessment is conducted to analyse product footprints, which are the core of “EcoCost”, to facilitate consumers in comparing the environmental impacts between different products. A case study was conducted by transmitting product EcoCosts from businesses to consumers through the Internet, successfully verifying the system developed in this research. Because this research aims to pay more attention to the ICT aspects, the EcoCost is represented using a single value, hence simplifying the related calculation. This research provides a novel solution for dealing with the large numbers of data and computing loads required to manage EcoCost data throughout the product life cycle and to transmit EcoCosts from businesses to consumers.
Productive performance, thermal and blood parameters of Japanese laying quails at different cage stocking densities

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different stocking densities on the performance, eggshell quality, surface body temperature and hematological parameters of Japanese laying quails based on physiological indicators of animal welfare. Two hundred and thirty seven-week-old Japanese quails were used in this experiment. The quails were completely randomized to four stocking densities: 112.2 (T1), 102 (T2), 93.5 (T3), and 86.31 (T4) cm2/quail and five replicates each. Hematological parameters were analyzed as a 4x4 factorial design (stocking density X time) over four periods of blood sampling (25, 50, 75, and 100 days). To obtain the body surface temperature (Ts, °C) three thermograms (head, core and shin) were captured from each repetition per plot (2 repetitions per experimental plot) every 25 days (25, 50, 75, and 100 days). Feed intake, feed conversion per egg mass, feed conversion per dozen eggs, egg mass, egg production rate, and eggshell quality-related variables were not affected by treatments. However, egg weight (p = 0.023) and core temperature (p = 0.003) were influenced by different cage stocking densities. The heterophil/lymphocyte ratio increased (p = 0.01) with increasing time and stocking density. The mean corpuscular volume (p = 0.0001) as well as the total leukocyte count (p = 0.001) increased until the third blood sampling period (75 days) and then decreased in the last period. Different stocking densities do not interfere with the performance and eggshell quality of Japanese quails. However, the hematological parameters and head temperature are affected by different cage stocking densities and time.
Problematizing Perceptions of STEM Potential: Differences by Cognitive Disability Status in High School and Postsecondary Educational Outcomes

The STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) potential of youth with cognitive disabilities is often dismissed through problematic perceptions of STEM ability as natural and of youth with cognitive disabilities as unable. National data on more than 15,000 adolescents from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 first suggest that, among youth with disabilities, youth with medicated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have the highest levels of STEM achievement, and youth with learning or intellectual disabilities typically have the lowest. Undergraduates with medicated ADHD or autism appear to be more likely to major in STEM than youth without cognitive disabilities, and youth with autism have the most positive STEM attitudes. Finally, results suggest that high school STEM achievement is more salient for college enrollment than STEM-positive attitudes across youth with most disability types, whereas attitudes are more salient than achievement for choosing a STEM major.
A 5-Bit X-Band GaN HEMT-Based Phase Shifter

In this study, we propose a 5-bit X-band gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT)-based phased shifter monolithic microwave integrated circuit for a phased-array technique. The design includes high-pass/low-pass networks for the 180° phase bit, two high-pass/bandpass networks separated for the 45° and 90° phase bits, and two transmission lines based on traveling wave switch and capacitive load networks that are separated for the 11.25° and 22.5° phase bits. The state-to-state variation in the insertion loss is 11.8 ± 3.45 dB, and an input/output return loss of less than 8 dB was obtained in a frequency range of 8–12 GHz. Moreover, the phase shifter achieved a low root mean square (RMS) phase error and RMS amplitude error of 6.23° and 1.15 dB, respectively, under the same frequency range. The measured input-referred P1dB of the five primary phase shift states were larger than 29 dBm at 8 GHz. The RMS phase error and RMS amplitude error slightly increased when the temperature increased from 25 to 100 °C. The on-chip phase shifter exhibited no dc power consumption and occupied an area of 2 × 3 mm2.
G-ADRR: Network-Wide Slicing of Wi-Fi Networks With Variable Loads in Space and Time

As part of 3GPP releases 15 and 16 Wi-Fi networks have been integrated with the 5G Core, which is a key feature in private network scenarios. Another important feature for private networks is multi-tenancy, whereby an infrastructure provider shares a common radio access network among several tenants subject to service level agreements (SLAs). 3GPP has defined network slicing on the radio access segment supporting multi-tenancy for 5GNR, but a similar feature is lacking in Wi-Fi networks. In this paper we present G-ADRR, which, to be best of our knowledge, is the first global slicing policy for Wi-Fi that delivers per-tenant radio level SLAs over a given geographical area. We extensively evaluate the performance of G-ADRR by means of an experimental prototype and packet level simulations, and demonstrate its advantages as compared to two alternative global scheduling strategies and a static slice configuration policy commonly used in the state-of-the-art.
In Situ Electrochemical Deposition of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)

Conjugated polymers are widely used in organic solar cells, chemical sensors and biomedical devices because of their relatively high conductivity and soft mechanical properties [1,2,3]. Electrochemical deposition has long been an important method of fabricating conjugated polymer thin films for various applications. The morphology of the films, and the corresponding performance of the devices is particularly sensitive to the detailed fabrication conditions. Previous efforts have investigated the nucleation and growth mechanisms of electropolymerized conjugated polymers, however the results are usually obtained from in-direct and lower resolution methods like UV-vis and AFM [4,5]. More detailed information with ultra-high resolution is still needed. Electrochemical liquid electron microscopy makes it possible to analyze this initial nucleation and growth process in direct imaging method in a TEM with nanometer scale resolution. This method has proven effective for the analysis of electrochemical deposition mechanisms in copper and lead [6,7]. No previous studies have examined the in situ TEM electrochemical deposition of conjugated polymers, mostly probably due to the fact that polymers are highly electron beam sensitive. This high sensitivity makes the in situ TEM imaging of conjugated polymer electrodeposition much more experimentally difficult than for inorganic materials.
MICROELEMENT PROFILE AND STRUCTURE OF REGIONALLYMPH NODES DURING SENILE INVOLUTION OF LYMPHOID TISSUE

The microelement profile and structure of lymph nodes were studied in experiment using old Wistar rats by means of a morphological method and the X-ray fluorescent analysis with synchrotron radiation. Their special qualitative and quantitative status is formed in regional lymph nodes that reflect age-related dynamics of lymphoid tissue. The content of trace elements and the size of compartments differ in lymph nodes of different localization. Age-related modifications in a microelement profile are characterized by proliferation of lymphoid cells, development of compartments and initiation of a corresponding immune response at the level of regional lymph nodes with different contact to external environment. Localization of lymph nodes is one of conditions for realization of the principle of a regional determinant (regional specifics).
The Influence of Copper on Halogenation/Dehalogenation Reactions of Aromatic Compounds and Its Role in the Destruction of Polyhalogenated Aromatic Contaminants

The effect of copper and its compounds on halogenation and dehalogenation of aromatic compounds will be discussed in the proposed article. Cu oxidized to appropriate halides is an effective halogenation catalyst not only for the synthesis of halogenated benzenes or their derivatives as desired organic fine chemicals, but is also an effective catalyst for the undesirable formation of thermodynamically stable and very toxic polychlorinated and polybrominated aromatic compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans accompanied incineration of waste contaminated with halogenated compounds or even inorganic halides. With appropriate change in reaction conditions, copper and its alloys or oxides are also able to effectively catalyze dehalogenation reactions, as will be presented in this review.
Cyclodextrins as effective additives in AuNP-catalyzed reduction of nitrobenzene derivatives in a ball-mill

At the boundary between mechanochemistry, supramolecular chemistry and catalysis, the present study explores the role of cyclodextrins (CDs) and other saccharide additives in the mechanosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and their use as catalysts in the reduction of substituted nitrobenzene derivatives into their corresponding aniline products. CDs not only allow for the stabilization of the AuNPs but also help diffuse a substrate within a solid mixture via supramolecular means, and orient the chemical reaction to the selective formation of aniline derivatives. Parameters influencing both the formation of AuNPs and the synthesis of aniline derivatives have been investigated. We show that the catalytic performance strongly depends upon the nature of the saccharide additive, the nature and location of the substituent on the benzene, and the ball-milling conditions. Water also plays a key role in both the reduction mechanism of the nitro groups and the supramolecular interactions with the substrate. Very interestingly, the amount of reductive agent (NaBH4) was drastically reduced compared to reductions performed in solution. Additionally, the catalytic system could be recycled over three consecutive runs without significant loss in activity, thus highlighting the efficacy of the combination of mechanochemistry, supramolecular chemistry, and catalysis.
What Happens When You Close the Door on Remote Proctoring? Moving Toward Authentic Assessments with a People-Centered Approach

The COVID-19 pandemic made traditionally proctored in-person exams impossible. This article provides a summary of the arguments against institutional adoption of remote proctoring services with a focus on equity, an account of the decision to avoid remote proctoring on the University of Michigan--Dearborn campus, and conclusions and suggestions for other teaching and learning professionals who would like to take a similar approach. Remote proctoring services require access to technology that not all students are guaranteed to have, can constitute an invasion of privacy for students, and can discriminate against students of color and disabled students. Administrators and teaching and learning staff at the University of Michigan--Dearborn made the decision to avoid adopting remote proctoring technologies and to instead invest in instructional design staff and faculty development programming to help faculty transition to authentic assessments. Lessons learned and recommendations are provided for other educational developers or institutions who want to resist remote proctoring on their campuses.
Phosphorus Inventory for the Conterminous United States (2002–2012)

Published reports suggest efforts designed to prevent the occurrence of harmful algal blooms and hypoxia by reducing non‐point and point source phosphorus (P) pollution are not delivering water quality improvements in many areas. Part of the uncertainty in evaluating watershed responses to management practices is the lack of standardized estimates of phosphorus inputs and outputs. To assess P trends across the conterminous United States, we compiled an inventory using publicly available datasets of agricultural P fluxes, atmospheric P deposition, human P demand and waste, and point source discharges for 2002, 2007, and 2012 at the scale of the 8‐digit Hydrologic Unit Code subbasin (∼1,800 km2). Estimates of agricultural legacy P surplus accumulated from 1945 to 2001 were also developed. Fertilizer and manure inputs were found to exceed crop removal rates by up to 50% in many agricultural regions. This excess in inputs has led to the continued accumulation of legacy P in agricultural lands. Atmospheric P deposition increased throughout the Rockies, potentially contributing to reported increases in surface water P concentrations in undisturbed watersheds. In some urban areas, P fluxes associated with human waste and non‐farm fertilizer use has declined despite population growth, likely due, in part, to various sales bans on P‐containing detergents and fertilizers. Although regions and individual subbasins have different contemporary and legacy P sources, a standardized method of accounting for large and small fluxes and ready to use inventory numbers provide essential infromation to coordinate targeted interventions to reduce P concentrations in the nation's waters.
Ultrapermeable Composite Membranes Enhanced Via Doping with Amorphous MOF Nanosheets

Thin-film composite (TFC) polymeric membranes have attracted increasing interest to meet the demands of industrial gas separation. However, the development of high-performance TFC membranes within their current configuration faces two key challenges: (i) the thickness-dependent gas permeability of polymeric materials (mainly poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)) and (ii) the geometric restriction effect due to the limited pore accessibility of the underlying porous substrate. Here we demonstrate that the incorporation of trace amounts (∼1.8 wt %) of amorphous metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosheets into the gutter layer of TFC assemblies can simultaneously address these two limitations by the creation of rapid, transmembrane gas diffusion pathways. The resultant PDMS&MOF membrane displayed excellent CO2 permeance of 10450 GPU and CO2/N2 selectivity of 9.1. Leveraging this strategy, we successfully fabricate a novel TFC membrane, consisting of a PDMS&MOF gutter and an ultrathin (∼54 nm) poly(ethylene glycol) top selective layer via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The complete TFC membrane exhibits excellent processability and remarkable CO2/N2 separation performance (1990 GPU with a CO2/N2 ideal selectivity of 39). This study reveals a strategy for the design and fabrication of a new TFC membrane system with unprecedented gas-separation performance.
Research on Multi-Timescale Coordinated Method for Source-Grid-Load with Uncertain Renewable Energy Considering Demand Response

The high penetration of renewable energy brings great challenges to power system operation and scheduling. In this paper, a multi-timescale coordinated method for source-grid-load is proposed. First, the multi-timescale characteristics of wind forecasting power and demand response (DR) resources are described, and the coordinated framework of source-grid-load is presented under multi-timescale. Next, economic scheduling models of source-grid-load based on multi-timescale DR under network constraints are established in the process of day-ahead scheduling, intraday scheduling, and real-time scheduling. The loads are classified into three types in terms of different timescale. The security constraints of grid side and time-varying DR potential are considered. Three-stage stochastic programming is employed to schedule resources of source side and load side in day-ahead, intraday, and real-time markets. The simulations are performed in a modified Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 24-node system, which shows a notable reduction in total cost of source-grid-load scheduling and an increase in wind accommodation, and their results are proposed and discussed against under merely two timescales, which demonstrates the superiority of the proposed multi-timescale models in terms of cost and demand response quantity reduction.
Latest trends in molecular imprinted polymer based drug delivery systems

Molecular imprinted polymers (MIP) are promising and versatile materials that have been used for the determination of many different analytes. In the last few years, MIPs have been substantially employed for various biomedical applications, especially drug delivery systems (DDS), owing to some of their unique features such as specific recognition by imprinting the desired analyte, suitability in rough experimental conditions, and targeted and sustained drug release. Hence, this review is focused on the development of strategies undertaken for their application to drug delivery systems involving several different administration routes (i.e. transdermal, ocular and oral routes) published between 2014 and now. Herein, we have also highlighted the summaries of published works, in order to gain a better understanding of the synthetic strategies employed and the analytical performances of the reported MIPs, in addition to pointing out the challenges and future perspectives of MIP based DDS.
Automated early damage detection for power MOSFETs using on-board thermal spectroscopy

Functional safety and reliability of electronic components have been becoming increasingly important over the last years and will continue to do so for the foreseeable future. Not least because of autonomous driving, where the high safety standards today are only achievable via redundancy. However, this greatly increases the weight and cost of the vehicle. Early detection of damage that is already forming but has not led to functional failure yet makes it possible to repair or replace components. In the future this could reduce the need for redundancy. This damage detection is also beneficial for other industries and non-safety applications. Here the result is reduced downtime and thus lower costs. In this paper we present a method for early damage detection in the backside soldering of power MOSFETs using on-board thermal spectroscopy.
Line shapes and line positions in PFI-ZEKE photoelectron and MATI spectra of positively charged ions

A model developed to calculate the positions and shapes of the lines observed in pulsed-field-ionisation zero-kinetic-energy photoelectron (PFI-ZEKE-PE) and mass-analysed threshold ionisation (MATI) spectra of neutral molecules [Hollenstein et al., J. Chem. Phys. 115, 5461 (2001)] is generalised to positively charged systems of arbitrary charge. The model assumes that the pulsed field ionisation of the high Rydberg states detected experimentally is diabatic and that their ionisation rates in the presence of electric fields can be calculated with the asymptotic expressions of Damburg and Kolosov [J. Phys. B 12, 2637 (1979)]. We use this model to calculate the shifts of the lines with respect to the field-free ionisation thresholds and their widths and find that, to an excellent approximation, both the line shifts and line widths scale with . We also derive simple analytical expressions that can be used to estimate the line shifts and line widths for typical electric-field pulse sequences used in PFI-ZEKE-PE and MATI spectroscopy of positively charged cations. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The incidence and clinical profile of dengue hemorrhagic fever among patients diagnosed with dengue fever in a tertiary care centre in south India

Background: An understanding of factors predictive of severe forms of dengue fever would be helpful in risk stratification. The objective of the study was to determine incidence of and the factors associated with the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) among patients admitted with dengue fever. Methods: Consenting patients were consecutively enrolled in the study and were followed forward in time to establish if they had DHF rather than milder dengue. Several factors were studied to ascertain their relation to conversion to DHF. Results: Cases included were 160 (103 males), with a mean age of 39.4 years (age range: 13-78). Fifty one (32%) developed DHF. On multivariate analysis; hepatomegaly, high alanine transaminase, low serum albumin and systolic blood pressure ≤100 mm Hg were independent predictors for the development of DHF. Conclusions: Nearly a third of patients with dengue fever develop DHF. The predictors identified, should alert the physician to this impending complication.