Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shielding Quality Of Cables And Connectors: Some Basics For Beller Understanding Of Test Methods

In wide frequency ran es the electromagnetic coupling through a cable shieldmay be well simulated with a longitudinal1 homo eneous set-up (transfined: (surface) transfer impedance Z, b / m ) and capacitive coupling impedance Z, (Q/m). They are not dependent on the test set-up, in contrary to the "shielding attenuation". The coupling transfer function (T) throu h the shield nuation into ZT and ZF, at any frequency where ZT and Z, may be defined. The shielding quality (and intrinsic shield parameters) may be tested also with "field methods", some of them not having a basic upper frequency limit of application. The concepts used for coaxial cables may be a p p lied to multi-wire cables and to connectors and cable asmission line). The intrinsic CO L 9 le shie d ammeters are dei s given. It allows to convert the test data or s f ielding atteGlossary of Important Terms 1 and 2 = outer and inner circuit, see fig. 2 n and f = near and far end (seen from generator) Subscripts only used if distinction i s necessary (surface) transfer impedance (of a cable ihield) ' transfer impedance [of a connector) capacitive coupling impedance (of a cable shield) capacitive coupling impedance (of a connector] through capacitance (of a cable shield) i d T 1 3 characteristic impedances of the transmission lines formed by circuits (1 ) and (2) , see fig. 2 max IZ,+ZTl length of cable section under test shield diameter coupling (transfer) function shielding attenuation As = 20 log IT I summing function, argument I-f 4 7 7 2
We just can’t handle diversity

Decades’ worth of studies show that a diverse workforce measurably improves decision making, problem solving, creativity, innovation, and flexibility. But most of us also believe that hiring, development, and compensation decisions should come down to merit. Although the two ideas don’t seem contradictory, they’re tough to reconcile in practice. Cognitive roadblocks keep getting in the way. The author looks at recent books and research studies on the subject, including Success and Luck: Good Fortune and the Myth of Meritocracy, by Robert H. Frank, and Pedigree: How Elite Students Get Elite Jobs, by Lauren A. Rivera. Frank points out, for example, that hindsight bias causes us to believe that random events are predictable and to manufacture explanations for the inevitability of our achievements. And winner-take-all markets intensify the consequences of our cognitive shortcuts. Rivera studied hiring committees at professional services firms that believed they were ensuring rigor and counteracting bias through group discussions of job candidates from the school-recruitment pipeline. But those conversations actually dampened diversity by giving negative racial, ethnic, and gender stereotypes greater sway over decisions. INSET: INCONSISTENT LEVELS OF SCRUTINY
Enhancement of insulin signaling through inhibition of tissue lipid accumulation by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha in obese mice.

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of PPARalpha activation on insulin signaling and lipid accumulation in the liver and skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant (ob/ob) mice. MATERIAL/METHODS A known subtype-selective PPARalpha agonist, Wy-14,643, was administered to lean and ob/ob mice at 30 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. Insulin (100 units/kg) or saline was injected into the portal vein of anesthetized mice. The liver and skeletal muscles were used for the detection of tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin receptor substrates (IRSs), as well as for the determination of both IRS-associated PI3-K activity and lipid content; in addition, the measurement of mRNA levels of PPAR-regulated genes was carried out. RESULTS The PPARalpha agonist lowered plasma levels of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and free fatty acids in ob/ob mice. Several PPARalpha-upregulated genes related to the transport and oxidation of fatty acids in the liver were increased by treatment with the agonist. The PPARalpha agonist significantly increased IR- and IRS-tyrosine phosphorylation and IRS-associated PI3-K activity in the liver and muscle of ob/ob mice, without exerting the same effects in lean mice. Moreover, these effects in ob/ob mice were accompanied by decreased triglyceride and fatty acyl-CoA contents in the liver and skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that inhibition of lipid accumulation by hepatic PPARalpha activation leads to an improvement in impaired insulin signaling in muscle tissue as well as in the liver of insulin-resistant mice.
Using identical values for encryption of data

In this paper, a new algorithm, which maintains the original message size while hiding information, is proposed for the encryption of data. Applications for such a data hiding scheme include access restriction to information, authentication of digital signals and covert communication over transmission channels. The proposed method supplies additional security to private information exchange over communication networks.
Trialling a shaken baby syndrome prevention programme in the Auckland District Health Board.

AIM To describe and evaluate a shaken baby prevention programme trialled in the Auckland District Health Board from January 2010, to December 2011. METHOD Development and implementation of the programme, telephone survey of a sample of caregivers and written survey of a sample of providers. RESULTS At least 2,592 caregivers received the trial programme. 150 (6%) were surveyed by telephone a median of 6 weeks later. 128 (85%) remembered at least one key message, unprompted; most commonly "It's OK to walk away" (94/150, 63%). When asked, 92% had made a plan for what to do when frustrated and 63% had shared the information with others. Only 98/150 (65%) watched the programme DVD. Many said they already knew about the risks of shaking a baby, but still found the programme highly relevant. Thirty-one nurses were surveyed. There was a high degree of agreement that the programme was relevant. Barriers to programme delivery included time, workload and the documentation required. CONCLUSION A shaken baby prevention programme adapted to New Zealand can be introduced in a District Health Board and is acceptable to caregivers and health professionals. Further research is needed to evaluate the content, mode of delivery and effectiveness of this programme.
Store-Carry-Forward Message Dissemination in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks with Local Density Estimation

In vehicular ad hoc networks, node density is highly variable in time and space. Communication success depends on the density of nodes, as a higher density increases the reliability of wireless links. Thus knowing the density of a vehicular communication system is important as better opportunities for wireless communication can be realized. In this paper, Velocity Aware Density Estimation (VADE) is introduced. In VADE, a car estimates the density of neighboring vehicles by tracking its own velocity and acceleration pattern. VADE is accurate because it employs sufficient information for density estimation. An opportunistic forwarding procedure, based on VADE estimation, is also proposed. In this procedure, data forwarding is done when the probability of having a neighbor is high, which dramatically reduces the probability of packets being dropped. Simulation results are presented which confirm the validity of our approach.
Georgia's Economy: From Optimism to Primitivism

The “Georgian Dream” government, having won the 2012 and 2016 parliamentary elections, in the early stages of its tenure, took a number of steps associated with economic optimism among which the signature of the Association Agreement with the EU is of historical significance. The government’s adoption of the Social-Economic Development Strategy of Georgia – 2020 was essential, consolidating the government’s aspiration to establish knowledge-based economy. Unfortunately, these optimistic measures have yet to be further developed and expanded. The root cause for Georgian economic primitivism lies in unprofessionalism and the denial of the universally recognized knowledge of economics, contemporary geopolitics and geoeconomics.
Lack of night-to-night variability of sleep-disordered breathing measured during home monitoring

The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is an important objective measure used in the diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing. In affected patients, the AHI has been reported to vary across successive nights. We conducted a multichannel home sleep study on 44 patients with sleep-disordered breathing to determine whether the AHI does indeed vary and, if so, to quantify the degree of night-to-night variability. Of this group, 23 patients were tested for 3 consecutive nights and 21 were tested for 2 consecutive nights. Among the group as a whole, we found no statistically significant change in AHI across nights, although we did identify variations among individual patients.
Realized tolerance to nectar robbing: compensation to floral enemies in Ipomopsis aggregata.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although the ecological and evolutionary consequences of foliar herbivory are well understood, how plants cope with floral damage is less well explored. Here the concept of tolerance, typically studied within the context of plant defence to foliar herbivores and pathogens, is extended to floral damage. Variation in tolerance to floral damage is examined, together with some of the mechanisms involved. METHODS The study was conducted on Ipomopsis aggregata, which experiences floral damage and nectar removal by nectar-robbing bees. High levels of robbing can reduce seeds sired and produced by up to 50 %, an indirect effect mediated through pollinator avoidance of robbed plants. Using an experimental common garden with groups of I. aggregata, realized tolerance to robbing was measured. Realized tolerance included both genetic and environmental components of tolerance. It was hypothesized that both resource acquisition and storage traits, and traits involved in pollination would mitigate the negative effects of robbers. KEY RESULTS Groups of I. aggregata varied in their ability to tolerate nectar robbing. Realized tolerance was observed only through a component of male plant reproduction (pollen donation) and not through components of female plant reproduction. Some groups fully compensated for robbing while others under- or overcompensated. Evidence was found only for a pollination-related trait, flower production, associated with realized tolerance. Plants that produced more flowers and that had a higher inducibility of flower production following robbing were more able to compensate through male function. CONCLUSIONS Variation in realized tolerance to nectar robbing was found in I. aggregata, but only through an estimate of male reproduction, and traits associated with pollination may confer realized tolerance to robbing. By linking concepts and techniques from studies of plant-pollinator and plant-herbivore interactions, this work provides insight into the role of floral traits in pollinator attraction as well as plant defence.
A Proximal κB Site in the IL-23 p19 Promoter Is Responsible for RelA- and c-Rel-Dependent Transcription

IL-23 is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of a unique p19 subunit and a common p40 subunit is shared with IL-12. IL-23 promotes the inflammatory response by inducing the expansion of CD4+ cells producing IL-17. The regulation of p19 gene expression has been less studied than that of p40 subunit expression, which in macrophages is well known to be dependent on NF-κB. To clarify the role of NF-κB in expression of the p19 gene, we analyzed mRNA levels in NF-κB-deficient macrophages. As reported to occur in dendritic cells, p19 expression was dramatically reduced in c-rel-deficient macrophages. Moreover, we found that p19 expression was halved in rela-deficient macrophages, but it was enhanced in p52-deficient macrophages. The p19 promoter contains three putative κB sites, located at nt −642 to −632 (κB–642), nt −513 to −503 (κB–513), and nt −105 to −96 (κB–105), between the transcription start site and −937 bp upstream in the p19 promoter region. Although EMSA analysis indicated that both κB–105 and κB–642, but not κB–513, bound to NF-κB in vitro, luciferase-based reporter assays showed that the most proximal κB site, κB–105, was uniquely indispensable to the induction of p19 transcription. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated in vivo association of RelA, c-Rel, and p50 with κB–105 of the p19 promoter. These results provide the evidence that the association of RelA and c-Rel with the proximal κB site in the p19 promoter is required to induce of p19 expression.
Quantitation of Latent Varicella-Zoster Virus and Herpes Simplex Virus Genomes in Human Trigeminal Ganglia

ABSTRACT Using real-time fluorescence PCR, we quantitated the numbers of copies of latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) genomes in 15 human trigeminal ganglia. Eight (53%) and 1 (7%) of 15 ganglia were PCR positive for HSV-1 or -2 glycoprotein G genes, with means of 2,902 ± 1,082 (standard error of the mean) or 109 genomes/105 cells, respectively. Eleven of 14 (79%) to 13 of 15 (87%) of the ganglia were PCR positive for VZV gene 29, 31, or 62. Pooling of the results for the three VZV genes yielded a mean of 258 ± 38 genomes/105 ganglion cells. These levels of latent viral genome loads have implications for virus distribution in and reactivation from human sensory ganglia.
Effects of Frequency on Free-Field Masking

As three-dimensional auditory displays become more prevalent, there will be an increasing need to understand the interactions that can be expected among spatially separated sounds. A two-alternative, forced-choice, adaptive staircase procedure was used to measure the detectability of a 165-ms click-train signal masked by a continuous Gaussian noise, as a function of the spatial separation between the signal and the masker in the free field. Horizontal separations within the horizontal plane and vertical separations within the median plane were examined for low-, mid-, and high-frequency stimuli. Masking was reduced by as much as 18 dB when the signal and masker were separated horizontally. Sizable reductions in masking (6-9 dB) were also observed for vertical separation. The largest reductions in masking were observed for the high-frequency stimuli. The data are compared with the results of headphone-based studies of binaural masking. Implications for the design of auditory displays are considered.
The effectiveness of using misoprostol with and without letrozole for successful medical abortion: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial

Background: In developing countries it is important to the exploration of available and safe regimens for medical abortion. The present study was designed to assess the effect of letrozole compared to placebo pretreatment followed by sublingual misoprostol for therapeutic abortion in eligible women with gestational age less than 17 weeks. Materials and Methods: In this randomized control trail, 130 women eligible for legal abortions were randomly divided into two groups of case and controls. Cases received daily oral dose of 10 mg letrozole 10 mg letrozole for three days followed by sublingual misoprostol. Controls received daily oral dose of placebo followed by sublingual misoprostol. The dose of misoprostol was administrated according to ACOG guidelines based on patients’ gestational age. The rate of complete abortion, induction-of-abortion time, and side-effects were assessed as main outcomes. Results: Complete abortion was observed in 46 (76.7%) letrozole group and 26 (42.6%) controls (P < 0.0001). Also, in 14 subjects of letrozole group and 35 subjects in placebo group, the placenta was not delivered during follow-up and curettage was performed. The mean interval induction-to-abortion was 5.1 h in letrozole group and 8.9 h in control (P < 0.0001). The cumulative rates of the induction-of-abortion time were a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.0001). The incidence and severity of side-effects was comparable for the two groups (P = 0.9). Conclusion: Letrozole could be a quite beneficial adjuvant to misoprostol for induction of complete abortion in those who are candidates for legal medical abortion.
Psoriasis is associated with clinically significant cardiovascular risk: a Danish nationwide cohort study

Abstract. Ahlehoff O, Gislason GH, Charlot M, Jørgensen CH, Lindhardsen J, Olesen JB, Abildstrøm SZ, Skov L, Torp‐Pedersen C, Hansen PR. (Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup; Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen; Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark) Psoriasis is associated with clinically significant cardiovascular risk: a Danish nationwide cohort study. J Intern Med2011; 270: 147–157.
Formaldehyde treatment suppresses ruminal degradation of phytate in soyabean meal and rapeseed meal

Most of the P in oilseed meal is in the form of phytate P, and phytate forms complexes with protein. Phytate P has been considered to be absorbed easily in ruminants because of phytate degradation in the rumen. Treatment of oilseed meals with formaldehyde improves the nutritional value of protein through suppressing its ruminal degradation. The present experiment was conducted to study the effects of formaldehyde treatment on phytate degradation in the rumen. The ruminal degradation of phytate in formaldehyde-treated soyabean meal or rapeseed meal was determined by a nylon-bag technique in sheep. Soyabean meal and rapeseed meal were treated with formaldehyde at levels of 3, 5 or 10 g/kg. Treatment with formaldehyde suppressed phytate and protein degradation in both the oilseed meals. Compared with the regular soyabean meal, the regular rapeseed meal showed lower degradability of phytate in the rumen. These results suggest that treatment with formaldehyde suppresses ruminal degradation of phytate in oilseed meal. Thus, the absorption of P from oilseed meal is probably decreased by this treatment in ruminants.
Parameter extraction of SOILDMOS based on the HISIM-HV model

As an RF power device, SOILDMOS has a huge market demand and broad development prospects. In this paper, we conduct extensive measurement of the SOILDMOS chip using the vector network analyzer, microwave probe station, semiconductor parameter analyzer. The measuring results are obtained with Agilent IC-CAP 2008. With these results, SOILDMOS can be modeled based on the HiSIM-HV model. The parameter extraction and curve fitting are carried out with the IC-CAP tool. The experimental results show that the parameters extracted based on the HiSIM-HV model perform well.
Chlamydial and Periodontal Pathogens Induce Hepatic Inflammation and Fatty Acid Imbalance in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice

ABSTRACT Periodontitis and Chlamydia pneumoniae infection are independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of C. pneumoniae and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection on hepatic inflammation and lipid homeostasis of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Mice were infected with viable C. pneumoniae intranasally three times for chronic infection or once for acute infection. Viable A. actinomycetemcomitans was administered 10 times intravenously alone or in concert with C. pneumoniae. Hepatic alterations were assessed by histochemistry, lipid quantification, and fatty acid profile analysis. The RNA expression levels and the presence of pathogens in the livers and lungs were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Both pathogens were detected in the livers of the infected animals. Chronic C. pneumoniae infection induced marked changes in hepatic lipid homeostasis. A. actinomycetemcomitans infection resulted in inflammatory cell infiltration into the liver, accompanied by elevated hepatic RNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes and higher serum amyloid A and lipopolysaccharide concentrations. Our results indicate that proatherogenic pathogens infect the liver, causing proinflammatory alterations and lipid disturbances. This infection may maintain chronic systemic inflammation attributable to atherogenesis.
Immunohistochemical localisation of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-3 and MMP-9 within the airways in asthma

BACKGROUND The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes MMP-3 and MMP-9 have relevance to the chronic structural airway changes in asthma. These proteinases can be generated by structural and inflammatory cells, and have the ability to degrade proteoglycans and thus potentially enhance airway fibrosis and smooth muscle proliferation through their ability to release and activate latent matrix bound growth factors. METHODS Immunostaining for MMP-3 and MMP-9 as well as for mast cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils was undertaken in acetone fixed and glycolmethacrylate embedded endobronchial biopsy specimens obtained by fibreoptic bronchoscopy under local anaesthesia. The findings from 17 asthmatic subjects (nine with mild to moderate non-steroid treated asthma and eight with chronic persistent steroid-dependent asthma) were compared with those from eight healthy controls. The cell associated MMP immunoreactivity was co-localised to mast cells, eosinophils, or neutrophils and represented as cells/mm2, based on the area of the biopsy specimen. Extracellular matrix immunoreactivity was assessed by an image analysis system and visually with ranking and the two approaches were compared. RESULTS The biopsy specimens from asthmatic subjects contained significantly more eosinophils (p<0.001) than those from the non-asthmatic subjects. Both MMP-9 and MMP-3 immunoreactivity could be identified in endobronchial biopsy specimens. Gelatinase B (MMP-9) immunoreactivity was prominent within the extracellular matrix as well as exhibiting distinct cell immunoreactivity which predominantly co-localised to neutrophils. Stromelysin (MMP-3) was co-localised to mast cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils as well as being present in the epithelium, the lamina reticularis and, to a lesser extent, the extracellular matrix. There was no significant difference in the extent of matrix immunoreactivity for either MMP-3 or MMP-9 between healthy controls or subjects with mild or severe asthma. CONCLUSION Although immunostaining cannot distinguish between active and inactive forms of MMPs, the presence of MMP-3 and MMP-9 within endobronchial biopsy specimens, the co-localisation to inflammatory cells of relevance to asthma (mast cells and eosinophils), and the identification of matrix binding, indicative of MMP-matrix interactions, points to the potential for disease related changes in MMP release that influence airway remodelling in asthma.
Norms, Image, and Private Contributions to Public Goods: Implications for Public Goods Policy

ii Dedication.iv Acknowledgments.v Vita.vi List of Tables.ix List of Figures.x Chapters: 1. On Norms: a Typology with Discussion.1 1.1 Abstract.1 1.2 Introduction.2 1.3 What is a Norm? 2 1.4 Statistical Versus Injunctive Norms.6 1.5 The Role of Sanctioning.8 1.6 Summary.10 1.7 Closing Comments.12 1.8 Conclusion.14 2. Injunctive Norms and Contributions to Public Goods.19 2.1 Abstract.19 2.2 Introduction.20 2.3 Hypotheses.23 2.4 Data Collection.28 2.5 Method.34 2.6 Models and Results.40 2.6. 1 Action Independence Hypothesis.45 2.6. 2 Injunctive Norm Hypothesis.46 2.6. 3 Image Double-Standard Hypothesis.47 2.7 Summary.49 2.8 Conclusion.51