Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parametric Analysis of Forces and Stresses in Superconducting Quadrupole Sector Windings

This paper presents a review of the existing analytical approximations of the magnetic field of a sector winding quadrupole, evaluating to which extent these formulae are usable as a first estimation of the resultants of the electromagnetic forces and related mechanical stresses produced. The distribution of the forces has been investigated to better understand the stress provided to the structure containing the windings and the compression effect induced on the coil mid plane. Therefore, the study has been carried out setting the magnet current at its critical value, analyzing forces and stresses as functions of the geometrical layout and of the magnetic gradient as well. In the last part the effect of an iron yoke on the magnetic field and forces is presented.
Optimal Policies of Yield Management with Multiple Predetermined Prices

It is a common practice for industries to price the same products at different levels. For example, airlines charge various fares for a common pool of seats. Seasonal products are sold at full or discount prices during different phases of the season. This article presents a model that reflects this yield management problem. The model assumes that (1) products are offered at multiple predetermined prices over time; (2) demand is price sensitive and obeys the Poisson process; and (3) price is allowed to change monotonically, i.e., either the markup or markdown policy is implemented. To maximize the expected revenue, management needs to determine the optimal times to switch between prices based on the remaining season and inventory. Major results in this research include (1) an exact solution for the continuous-time model; (2) piecewise concavity of the value function with respect to time and inventory; and (3) monotonicity of the optimal policy. The implementation of optimal policies is fairly facile because of the existence of threshold points embedded in the value function. The value function and time thresholds can be solved with a reasonable computation effort. Numerical examples are provided.
Development of service quality dimensions in Malaysia - The case of A multicultural society.

Service quality (SERVQUAL) is now recognized as an integral component of a firm’s customer satisfaction program. Therefore, it is important to understand how consumers perceive the quality of services rend ered, as well as how these perceptions are translated into customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Since delivering high SERVQUAL is the cornerstone of any marketing strategy, the marketer must have the means to measure it. Despite the dearth of SERVQUAL studies in the non-Western market in the literature, the SERVQUAL dimensions have failed to receive much attention outside the Western market. This study attempts to examine the SERVQUAL dimensions of those who are concerned with the hospitality and tourism industry in Malaysia.
Weak Competition Between Coastal Insect Herbivores

Related communities of four to seven insect herbivore species commonly feed on each of the coastal plant species Borrichia frutescens (L.), Iva frutescens (L.), and I. imbricata Walt. which grow on spoil islands in west-central Florida. Most stems of these host plant species show no evidence of herbivory or of actively feeding herbivores. At the scale of within Iva bushes or Borrichia patches on islands, there were significantly fewer co-occurrences of herbivores on individual stems or terminals than expected, suggesting competition is important on a small scale in this system. However, at the scale of between patches of host plants, that is, between islands, there were no negative correlations between herbivores which suggests that competition is unimportant in influencing the distribution of these species at larger spatial scales. At large spatial scales, other phenomena such as host plant genotype or environmental (island) variability may be more important in influencing the distribution of herbivores.
Primary colon cancer: ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, adjuvant treatment and follow-up.

Staging provides essential prognostic information relevant for choosing adequate therapy and should also identify patients with resectable distant metastases. Preoperative staging consists of clinical examination, blood counts, liver and renal function tests, carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), chest X-ray or preferably chest CT-scan, CT scan of the abdomen including the pelvis and a colonoscopy of the entire large bowel, i.e. with postoperative repeat colonoscopy if proximal parts of the colon were not accessible preoperatively. Pathologic staging should be done according to the 2002TNM system with optional listing of the modified Dukes stage, as described in Table 1. Risk factors for colorectal cancer are: family history, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and attenuated FAP (AFAP) syndromes, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome, past history of colorectal cancer or adenoma, chronic ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. prognosis
Quality management practices: an international perspective

The contribution of this paper to the existing body of knowledge on quality management practices is unique and unprecedented; for it classifies quality management practices into traditional versus contemporary practices. The paper compares and contrasts quality management practices in three developed and one developing economy. Our analyses indicate that Saudi manufacturing plants are taking a big stride towards achieving world-class manufacturing status. It shows that there are statistically significant differences among the Saudi manufacturing plants in the extent to which some of the quality management practices have been implemented. It also shows that significant differences were found in one of the variables measuring product quality variables among manufacturing plants in the USA, Canada, Mexico and Saudi Arabia. In addition, no doubt that our findings will raise the awareness of top management in the Saudi manufacturing sector to the importance of competing globally on the basis of quality and manufacturing efficiency. Secondly, Saudi companies participated in the study can use our findings to benchmark their time-based performance against that of the world-class companies in the three North American countries.
Multi-National Evidence on Calendar Patterns in Stock Returns: An Empirical Case Study on Investment Strategy and the Halloween Effect

This research tries to find evidence for the Halloween effect by presenting an assessment of the profitability of the Sell in May, and go away investment strategy associated with this phenomenon. We present significant proof of the existence of the Halloween effect; it was observed in 29 of the 31 countries under study. There appears to be a difference in the seasonal returns between developed and emerging markets. Attention is also paid to the Halloween effect at the industry level. Here, a comparison between the Sell in May, and go away investment strategy and the buy-and-hold strategy proves the first to be superior.
Disturbance of the Cortical Cholinergic Innervation in Borna Disease Prior to Encephalitis

Rats experimentally infected with the highly neurotropic Borna disease virus (BDV) display a wide variety of dysfunction such as learning deficiencies and behavioral abnormalities. Prior to the onset of encephalitis alterations of one of the major cortical neurotransmitters, acetylcholine, were monitored immunohistochemically by light and electron microscopy of its synthesizing enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). We found a progressing decrease in the number of ChAT‐positive fibers, starting with discrete changes at day 6 post infection (p.i.) and ending with a nearly complete loss of cholinergic fibers, especially in the hippocampus and neocortex, suggesting a massive disturbance of the cholinergic innervation by day 15 p.i. The fiber pathways (e.g., fimbria‐fornix) connecting the basal forebrain with these target areas in the cortex displayed axon spheroids which are often linked to axonal transport dysfunction. No evidence for significant cellular destruction was seen in the brain, including the cells of origin of these axons in the basal forebrain. We conclude that the motor, mood, learning and memory disabilities in BDV‐infected rats are likely to result, in part, from cortical cholinergic denervation. The present study gives new insights into the pathogenesis of neurological disease caused by a noncytopathogenic virus.
Exploration of the effectiveness of expectation maximization algorithm for suspicious transaction detection in anti-money laundering

Money laundering refers to activities that disguise money receive through illegal operations and make them become legitimate. It leaves serious consequence that may lead to economy corruption. Extensive research has been conducted to investigate proper solution for suspicious transactions detection. In the realm of clustering approaches, traditional research only concentrate on k-means as the best technique so far. On the other hand, although belongs to the same class, there is a lack of studies conducted in employing Expectation Maximization (EM) for Anti-Money Laundering (AML). The objective of this study is to exploit the advantages of EM for suspicious transaction detection. Data used in this study was obtained through a local bank in Malaysia. Subsets of crucial attributes were selected using genetic search and best first search algorithm. Results indicate that critical fields required for clustering phase include amount, number of credit & debit as well as its sum. The outcome of this study shows that EM overwhelmed traditional clustering method k-means for AML in terms of detecting correct suspicious and normal transactions. This lays the groundwork of employing EM in this field. However, further research is needed using different dataset of other banks in order to clarify the effectiveness of EM in AML.
Diagnosis and cure of venous hum tinnitus.

Sounds arising from abnormalities of or abnormal communications between blood vessels in the neck or cranial cavity may result in objective tinnitus. It is audible to patient and examiner alike. Contrary to the usual subjective tinnitus of non‐vascular origin, it is low pitched and pulsatile in character. That tinnitus which arises from and within the internal jugular vein is particularly important, as it may be loud enough to interfere with sleep, and result in some loss of hearing. Diagnosis is important as it can be cured by simple ligation of the internal jugular vein. Such a case is reported.
A Zero-stealthy Attack for Sampled-data Control Systems via Input Redundancy

In this paper, we introduce a new vulnerability of cyber-physical systems to malicious attack. It arises when the physical plant, that is modeled as a continuous-time LTI system, is controlled by a digital controller. In the sampled-data framework, most anomaly detectors monitor the plant's output only at discrete time instants, and thus, nothing abnormal can be detected as long as the sampled output behaves normal. This implies that if an actuator attack drives the plant's state to pass through the kernel of the output matrix at each sensing time, then the attack compromises the system while remaining stealthy. We show that this type of attack always exists when the sampled-data system has an input redundancy, i.e., the number of inputs being larger than that of the outputs or the sampling rate of the actuators being higher than that of the sensors. Simulation results for the X-38 vehicle and for the other numerical examples illustrate this new attack strategy possibly brings disastrous consequences.
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE: Amplitude envelope correlation detects coupling among incoherent brain signals

Cognitive processing involves ã-activation over broad cortical regions. Phase coupling of these activities has rarely been reported for areas far apart. Other forms of coupling are generally not detected by conventional measures. Here, we use amplitude envelope correlation (AEC), which can detect signal coupling without phase coherence, even among different frequencies. We apply it to subdural recordings from humans performing a visual delayed match-to-sample task and systematically compare it with spectral amplitude and coherence. The different measures often show divergent results. In particular, AEC reveals ã-coupling completely missed by coherence. We argue that coherence and AEC are adapted to different cortical mechanisms of shortand long-range interactions, respectively. NeuroReport 11:1509±1514 & 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Reliability of ball grid array subjected to temperature cycling

This study established a simulation model for reliability of Ball Grid Array (BGA) IC package subjected to temperature cycling. COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to established a simulation model and this study used Garofalo-Arrheniuss Law creep equation and Modified Coffin-Manson equation to estimate fatigue life of chip subjected to temperature cycling test (TCT). Since the thermal expansion coefficients between the materials are mismatch, chip would occur warpage. The solder ball of peripheral edge was cracked firstly, and the estimated error of solder ball life is 15.7% compared with experimental value. This study could find out the position where the solder ball first cracked which was not the position of maximum stress but was the position of the maximum strain range.
Serema: self-organized routing in heterogeneous mobile ad hoc networks

After natural disasters like earthquakes or after human-made disasters like terrorist attacks, it is very important to organize the disaster response teams. Therefore, communication infrastructure is very important. However, this infrastructure could be heavily damaged during the disaster. Typically, all the disaster response teams as well as the victims carry along mobile devices. These mobile network devices can be combined to ad hoc networks which can be used for communication. The performance of wireless ad hoc networks is mainly affected by the routing protocol. A lot of routing protocols are available for wireless ad hoc networks. However, these protocols are not suitable for highly dynamic mobile ad hoc networks because they are not able to adapt to major changes in the network topology. In disaster scenarios, highly dynamic networks are considered. This work presents an adaptive approach which is able to switch between multiple routing protocols during the runtime of the network.
Treatment of anaemia in haemodialysis patients with erythropoietin: long-term effects on exercise capacity.

1. The effects of correcting anaemia on exercise capacity were evaluated in 21 haemodialysis patients (aged 39 +/- 12 years) before starting treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (Hb concentration, 73 +/- 10 g/l; total Hb, 59 +/- 12% of expected), after correction of the anaemia to a Hb concentration of 108 +/- 7 g/l and a total Hb 82 +/- 10% of expected, and in 13 of the patients after 12 months on maintenance recombinant human erythropoietin treatment (Hb concentration 104 +/- 14 g/l, total Hb 79 +/- 17% of expected). Fifteen healthy subjects (aged 41 +/- 9 years), who took no regular exercise, constituted the control group. Maximal exercise capacity was determined on a bicycle ergometer. Oxygen uptake, respiratory quotient, blood lactate concentration, heart rate and blood pressure were measured at rest and at maximal workload. 2. After 6 +/- 3 months on recombinant human erythropoietin, maximal exercise capacity increased from 108 +/- 27 W to 130 +/- 36W (P < 0.001) and the maximal oxygen uptake increased from 1.24 +/- 0.39 litres/min to 1.50 +/- 0.45 litres/min (P < 0.001). No significant changes in respiratory quotient (1.16 +/- 0.13 versus 1.18 +/- 0.13) and blood lactate concentration (4.0 +/- 1.8 versus 3.6 +/- 1.1 mmol/l) at maximal workload were observed, but the blood lactate concentration in the patients was significantly lower than that in the control subjects (6.7 +/- 2.3 mmol/l, P < 0.01). After the correction of anaemia, the aerobic power was still 38% lower in the patients than in the control subjects and 17% lower than the reference values. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cerebral blood flow in acute hypertension.

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured in rabbits subject to acute hypertension produced by angiotensin infusion. Hypertension led to cerebral hyperperfusion at the time of maximum systolic blood pressure (MSBP) with hypoperfusion five minutes post-MSBP. Focal cortical areas of greatly decreased flow were found at MSBP and up to 60 minutes post-MSBP. These regions were located primarily in arterial boundary zones, were confined to cortex, and were usually larger than the territory supplied by a single penetrating cortical arteriole. Angiotensin infused into carotid arteries had no direct effect on CBF. Passive vasodilation and intense vasoconstriction may coexist and breakdown of the blood-brain barrier may result from vascoconstriction rather than passive vasodilation. Locations of ischemic lesions in arterial boundary zones remain unexplained but may reflect an unusual degree of reactivity of vessels in those regions.
Blood volume responses in partially dehydrated subjects working in the cold.

The effects of high-salt diets, cold, and heavy exercise have been examined in 33 Marine Corps volunteers living and working in a cold chamber. Temperatures varied from -29 degrees C during working hours to -4 degrees C, simulating partly warmed shelters, at night. Dehydrated operational rations were eaten and fluid intakes were controlled. When quantities of water were consumed at or above the amounts determined in previous studies in this series to prevent symptoms of cold-induced dehydration with these diets, ie. , 2.5-3.0 L/d with diets containing 24 g of NaCl/d or about 2.0 L/d with 8 g NaCl/d, blood volumes increased 5-10%, primarily as a result of plasma volume expansion. This finding apparently confirms the results of earlier workers who have noted plasma volume increases in subjects undergoing vigorous exercise training. In subjects receiving 0.5 L/d or more below recommended quantities of water, intravascular volume increases developed slowly and quite erratically during 5 d of exercise. Intravascular volume increases responded within 1-2 d when fluid levels became appropriate for either high- or low-salt intakes. Besides confirming recommendations concerning water needed with dehydrated diets under conditions of the experiment, the observation of intravascular fluid volume increases during exercise training--despite limiting fluid intakes--raises the question of whether there are any physiological advantages from this adaptive mechanism.
The Integrated City as a Tool for Sustainable Development Abuja Master Plan

Rapid urban expansion without effective environmental consciousness means that in virtually every urban center – from large cities and metropolitan areas to regional centers and small market towns – a substantial proportion of the population is at risk from natural and human-induced environmental hazards. A strategic approach is essential if urban areas are to enjoy all the benefits which nature can bring. This paper evaluates the concepts of the integrated city and sustainable development. It goes further to assess the general environment of the Federal Capital City, Abuja and the effects of urban growth and development on the cityscape. The environmental consequences of socioeconomic and other activities are evaluated in a bid to determine how sustainable Abuja’s urbanization is. The study reveals that the city is growing faster (13%) than the provisions of its master plan. It is fast turning into an environmental embarrassment, with developments springing up in gross violation of zoning and other planning codes. Abuja, which was supposed to be an epitome of beauty and an enlightened vision of city development, has suffered over the years from unnecessary distortions in the implementation of its master plan. The paper concludes by suggesting pragmatic strategies such as good urban governance, periodic review of the Abuja master plan, public enlightenment for achieving an integrated and ecologically balanced environment - a Sustainable Abuja City. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2013. v3n5p145
N-VERSION PROGRAMMINC: A FAULT-TOLERANCE APPROACH TO RELlABlLlTY OF SOFTWARE OPERATlON

N-version programing is defined as the independent generation of N2 2 functionally e quivalent prograns fran the sme initial specification. A methodology of N-version programing has been devised and three types of special mechanisms have been identified t hat are needed to coordinate the execution of an N-version software unit and to canpare the correspondent results generated by each version. Two experiments have been conducted to test the feasibility of N-version programing. The results o f these experiments are discussed. In addition, constraints are identified that must be met for effective application of N-version programing.
CDKN1B, encoding the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27), is located in the minimally deleted region of 12p abnormalities in myeloid malignancies and its low expression is a favorable prognostic marker in acute myeloid leukemia

Background Alterations of the short arm of chromosome 12 (12p) occur in various hematologic malignancies and ETV6 and CDKN1B, which are located on 12p, have been implicated as leukemogenic genes of interest. Design and Methods We selected seven patients with myeloid malignancies and small 12p deletions detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization encompassing only the region centromeric of ETV6 and further evaluated them by single nucleotide polymorphism microarrays. Results The minimally deleted region contained only nine genes. These genes were subsequently analyzed by microarray expression profiling in an independent cohort of 781 patients, most, but not all, of whom had different hematologic malignancies CREBL2, MANSC1, and CDKN1B were expressed in more than 25% of cases, while the other six genes were expressed in only a minority of cases. As CDKN1B is a cell cycle regulator and functions as a tumor suppressor gene, this gene was selected for further expression studies in 286 patients with acute myeloid leukemia. When comparing patients with low CDKN1B expression (expression level <1,160; 1st quartile) with those with intermediate or high expression (2nd–4th quartiles), certain mutations were observed more frequently in the former: RUNX1-RUNX1T1 (11/83, 13.3% versus 5/203; 2.5%; P=0.001), PML-RARA rearrangements (11/83, 13.3% versus 4/203, 2.0%; P<0.001), 11q23/MLL rearrangements (6/83, 7.2% versus 4/203, 2.0%; P=0.038), and FLT3-TKD mutations (7/63, 11.1% versus 6/167, 3.6%; P=0.047). The median overall survival of patients with low CDKN1B expression was longer than that of patients with intermediate/high expression (not reached versus 14.9 months; P=0.005). Likewise, patients with low CDKN1B expression had a longer event-free survival than those with intermediate/high expression (31.0 versus 9.7 months; P=0.013). Conclusions CDKN1B is an interesting candidate gene as a potential biomarker for prognostication in acute myeloid leukemia.