Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Academical stress for the first and second year medical students and possible risks to mental health

Medical student’s activity is one of the strained types of labor in emotional aspects. This affects the level of their mental and physical health. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the educational stress of first and second year medical students. The sample included all Russian-speaking students. The academic stress, stress-resistance, level of anxiety and depression were studied. Methods of descriptive statistics, median, interquartile range, Mann-Whitney criterion,  2 criterion with Yates correction for conjugation tables 2x2 and factor analysis (by the principal components method with varimax rotation of the factor) were applied. It is found that the first year medical students have a lower level of stress-resistance than the second-year students. Also they have clinically expressed anxiety (34.9%) are twice as likely, and subclinical (20.5%) and clinical (18.6%) depression. Living far away from their parents, problems in their personal lives, lack of textbooks and a large training load were significant factors of educational stress among first-year students, irrational organization of the learning process, reluctance to learn and everyday problems – for sophomores. Among the manifestations of educational stress, the most pronounced were affective and psychosomatic disorders, as well as disorders of attention and sleep. The predominant ways to overcome stress in the first year students were taking medications, drinking alcohol, smoking, spending time in social networks and computer games. Second-year students overcame the educational stress by idle pastime, taking medications and passivity. The above creates a high risk of the formation of psychosomatic disorders and
Radiopharmaceuticals for targeting the angiogenesis marker αvβ3

A common feature of solid tumors is the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) within the tumor. A receptor called a v β 3 is found on endothelial cells lining newly growing blood vessels at a higher density than onmature blood vessels. This receptor may provide a target for radioligands to permit imaging of a wide variety of solid tumors. The radioligands may range from macromolecules such as native ligands or monoclonal antibodies, to small proteins to very small peptides. The differing characteristics of these bio-molecules have an affect on target delivery and clearance time.
Screening cellulose activity of yeast isolated from soil, sediment and water river from Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun, West Java, Indonesia

A total of 245 yeast isolates from Gunung Halimun National Park (GHNP) were screened for cellulolytic activity using 0.2% cellulose-azure. The results showed that 16 isolates have cellulolytic activity using cellulose-azure assay. These isolates were further screened for carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase), avicelase and cellobiase using specific substrates (carboxymethyl cellulosa, avicel and cellobiose) with Teather and Wood method. The results showed that 7 isolates have CMCase; 6 isolates have cellobiase; 2 isolates have CMCase and cellobiase; and 1 isolate has CMCase and avicelase and cellobiase activities. Isolate S 4121 has the highest CMCase activity and identified as Trichosporon sporotrichoides (van Oorschot) van Oorschot and de Hoog UICC Y-286.
Physiological adaptation before and after snow melt in green overwintering leaves of some alpine plants

(139)-(156). The physiological adaptation of Homogyne alpina, Loiseleuria procumbens and Rhododendron ferrugineum plants that were collected at altitudes between 2000 m and 2200 m in the Central European Alps was studied in field samples as it occurs before and after snow melt. These plants retain green leaves over the winter, well protected by snow, but showing some photosynthetic functions. During snow melt in May and June the leaves are suddenly exposed to markedly increased irradiation intensities of PAR and UV-B and to a significant increase in leaf temperature (up to 40 K). This sudden change in microclimate had no detrimental influence on the investigated photosynthetic parameters. Measurements of plastid pigments, fluorescence parameters and of antioxidant and flavonoid compounds revealed a species - specific response. The two woody dwarf shrubs Loiseleuria and Rhododendron behaved more similar as compared to Homogyne.
Effects of nitrogen deposition, drought and their interaction, on functional and structural traits of Fraxinus ornus L. and Quercus ilex L.

Abstract A controlled experiment was conducted in order to understand how functional and structural traits of species with different leaf habits (Fraxinus ornus and Quercus ilex) shift as a consequence of nitrogen (N) addition (30 kg ha yr−1) and to explore the effect that N has on the water stress response. The experiment was divided in two stages: stage I, N addition under well-watered condition; stage II, N addition under drought. Functionality of the photosynthetic machinery, growth and biomass partitioning were assessed. The N content at leaf level increases in F. ornus only, which invests resources on photosynthetic machinery, whereas Q. ilex tends to store N in non-photosynthetic biomass, increasing relative growth rate and biomass, resulting in different allometric ratio. This effect may play a role in water stress response. Stomatal conductance of Q. ilex treated with N and subjected to water stress is lower relative to drought treatment. On the contrary, F. ornus takes advantage of N addition that has ameliorative effects on its functionality when drought was imposed. The obtained results, highlighting response mechanisms to multiple stress factors, should help to better understand and assess the performance of forest ecosystems under the foreseen environmental changes.
Effekte eines Synergy1-Fermentationsüberstandes auf die Primär- und Sekundärprävention in Kolonkrebszellen in vitro

Epidemiologische Studien deuten darauf hin, dass eine Diat reich an Fett und rotem Fleisch das Risiko von Darmkrebs erhohen kann, wahrend eine hohe Aufnahme von Ballaststoffen und komplexen Kohlenhydraten dagegen schutzend wirken kann. Eine der potenziell schutzenden Gruppen von Nahrungsbestandteilen sind Prabiotika, nicht-verdaulich Nahrungsinhaltsstoffe, die sich positiv auf das Wachstum und / oder die Aktivitat von bestimmten positiven Darmbakterien auswirken und gleichzeitig potenzielle Krankheitserreger auf einem niedrigen Niveau halten. Unter den verschiedenen Prabiotika sind Inulin und Oligofructose die am Besten untersuchten. Fruktane des Inulin-Typs sind die naturlichen Bestandteile eines breiten Spektrums von Gemuse und Fruchten. Potenzielle Produkte der Fermentation von Inulin sind SCFA und vor allem ein erhohter relativer Anteil an Butyrat. Diese Fermentationsprodukte zeigten protektive Wirkungen auf unterschiedliche Stadien der Krebsentwicklung, z.B. durch Inhibierung der Zellproliferation und Induktion der Apoptose in Kolon Adenom- und Karzinomzelllinien.
Secuencia parcial de un fragmento de ADN de patos silvestres homólogo al complejo mayor de histocompatibilidad de Gallus gallus Partial sequence of a DNA fragment from wild ducks homologous to the Gallus gallus major histocompatibility complex

In this study, a genomic DNA fragment from domestic duck (Anas domesticus) was amplified by PCR. Such fragment shared 93 % identity to the chicken (Gallus gallus) MHC class II, which correspond to DAB1- (Disabled 1)-like sequence. The DAB1 sequence was also amplified from nine wild duck species of the Anas genus, which after performing a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using the RsaI, BsrI, and HindIII enzymes, showed subtle differences when the Anas americana, Anas platyrhynchos diazi, and Anas platyrhynchos domesticus species were compared with the Anas discors, Anas crecca, Anas cyanoptera, Anas acuta, Anas streptera, and Anas clypeata species. As far as we know, this is the first report showing the presence of DAB1-like sequences in wild ducks.
Speech Analysis, Synthesis and Perception

J. L. Flanagan Berlin: Springer-Verlag. 1965. Pp. viii + 327. $14.50 J. L. Flanagan is as knowledgeable on the subject of speech as any man in the world. He has filled important research roles in the field both at M.I. T. and in the Research Laboratories of the Bell Telephone Laboratories.
The influence of native and heat-denatured whey proteins on enzyme activity. 2. Chymosin

The effect of native (n) and heat denatured (d) whey proteins on chymosin activity was investigated using both a synthetic heptapeptide and α s 1 -casein as substrates. At pH 5.2, in the presence of 5% NaCI, both native and denatured β-lactoglobulin (β-Ig) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) inhibited chymosin activity against the synthetic substrate, while apparent stimulation of chymosin activity was observed in the presence of all whey proteins at pH 6.5, and in the presence of native and denatured α-lactalbumin (a-la) at pH 5.2. Analysis of chymosin digests of α s 1 -casein by urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse phase-HPLC indicated inhibition of chymosin activity at both pH values by native or denatured whey proteins. Greatest inhibition was observed by the addition of native or denatured BSA at pH 6.5. Thus, the effect of whey proteins on chymosin activity, when assayed by different methods, gave different results. Hydrolysis of both nβ-Ig and dβ-Ig by chymosin was observed at pH 6.5.
Sweet potato expressing the rice Zn transporter OsZIP4 exhibits high Zn content in the tuber

Zinc (Zn) is an essential element for humans as well as for plants. Sweet potato is a major staple crop in the world, and is an attractive target crop for genetic engineering because its suitability for clonal propagation and its selfincompatibility. OsZIP4 is a rice Zn transporter that increases Zn concentrations, especially in roots, when it is artificially overexpressed in rice. In our study we induced an embryogenic callus from the apex of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam. cv. Kokei No. 14), and obtained OsZIP4 overexpressed lines driven by the CaMV35S promoter through Agrobacterium infection. Three transgenic lines were confirmed by RT-PCR for their OsZIP4 expression in roots and leaves. Zn concentrations in roots and leaves of OsZIP4 transgenic plants grown on LS medium were approximately 2.3 times and 1.3 times higher, respectively than those of wild type plants. In addition, the iron content of tubers was two times higher than wild type (WT) lines, and that of leaves was up to 1.2 times higher. Root tubers of transgenic lines were obtained under soil culture. The Zn concentration of transgenic sweet potato tubers was 2.2 times higher than WT lines, but there were no differences in shoot length or fresh weight between the transgenic and WT lines. These results indicate that introducing the OsZIP4 gene in to sweet potato is a potential method to improve the Zn nutrition of livestock and humans.
Automatic Pneumatic Power Based Object Sorting System by Using MITSUBISHI PLC

:- This paper presents the Automatic Pneumatic Power Based Object Sorting System by Using MITSUBISHI PLC. PLC stands for Programmable Logic controllers. The purpose of the project is to provide low power object sorting with pneumatic pushing system. This project or idea is the basic need of almost every type of manufacturing and production unit today like Food/ Beverage, Metal, Mining, Power, Textile, Automobile, Chemical, Pharmacy, soft & hard drink manufacturing industries etc are the few examples where we see the automation today. The main objective of the p roject mainly follows two sequential steps. First step is to detect the size of the object by using IR detectors. IR detectors are placed at three different places in order to find out three different sizes of objects. In the second stage, the Pneumatic pusher will push the object. Here three pushers are used to push the objects, which will operate based on the size of the object. Whenever the object is detected then solenoid valve will be opened automatically and then the Pneumatic power will be released through valve to actuator named as pusher. Quantity of the objects in the field is sensed by the IR sensors and fed as inputs to the Q series PLC which in turn are sent to system through Ethernet for necessary processing steps. A PLC program will be developed based on the signals received from the input module of PLC and the signals to the field devices from output modules of PLC, which are interfaced with the PLC output modules.
Regulation of immune responses by the ligands for CD27, CD30, and 4-1BB.

: Activated T cells express a number of cell surface proteins that play an important role in cell contact-dependent interactions with cells in the immune system, including B cells, macrophages and other T cells. Among these T cell-expressed proteins are members of the TNF ligand family, which includes TNF, lymphotoxin (LT)-alpha and -beta, and the ligands for CD27, CD30, CD40, 4-1BB, OX-40, and Fas. The recent cloning of a number of these ligands has paved the way for a detailed analysis of the role of these molecules in immune responses. Initial studies have suggested that most, if not all, of these ligands co-stimulate T-cell proliferation. It is becoming increasingly apparent, however, that members of the TNF ligand family play unique and critical roles in both the development of the immune system and in immune responses to specific pathogens.
Biology of neglected groups: Platyhelminthes / Biologie des groupes négligés : Platyhelminthes Studies on platyhelminths: yesterday, today, and tomorrow

This introduction to the following collection of review articles discusses briefly why some researchers chose to study platyhelminths, especially parasites, and some of the important principles and concepts that emerge from these reviews. One observation is that these are challenging animals to work with. Although much has emerged of note, much remains to be done and this introduction highlights a few of these areas. Resume : L'introduction a cette serie d'articles de synthese expose brievement pourquoi certains chercheurs ont choisi d'etudier les plathelminthes, particulierement les parasites, et traite de quelques-uns des principes et des concepts im - portants qui ressortent de ces syntheses. Il apparait clairement que l'etude des plathelminthes pose des defis stimulants. Bien que de nombreux resultats interessants aient deja ete obtenus, beaucoup de problemes restent a resoudre, dont quelques-uns sont presentes ici. (Traduit par la Redaction) Webb 167
FIELD OBSERVATIONS AND THE EFFECTS OF SEASON ON LIFE HISTORIES

Natural populations of guppies that co-occur with the pike cichlid Crenicichla alta and associated predators mature at smaller body sizes, produce more and smaller offspring per litter, reproduce more frequently, and have higher reproductive allotments (weight of developing em- bryos/total body weight) than guppies that co-occur with just the killifish Rivulus harti (Reznick and Endler, 1982). I here consider three forms of repeatability in these life-history patterns: i) among replicate samples collected on the same day from the same locality, ii) between Crenicichla and Rivulus communities among a new series of localities, and iii) among a smaller series of Crenicichla and Rivulus localities sampled in two wet and two dry seasons. In the analysis of replicate collections from two localities; seven of eight statistical comparisons revealed no significant difference. The usual methodology for estimating these variables therefore accurately represents guppy life-history patterns at a given locality. Differences among guppies from Rivulus and Crenicichla localities, covering a wider geographical area than considered by Reznick and Endler ( 19 82), were virtually identical to the previous comparison. Wet-season samples were associated with significant decreases in reproductive allotment and fecundity and significant increases in the size of mature males and the minimum size of reproducing females. Differences between guppies from Rivulus and Crenicichla localities persisted across all samples and were consistent with all other observations, although they tended to be smaller during the wet season. Discriminant analyses on female reproductive traits showed that fecundity and offspring size made strong, independent contributions to discriminating between guppies from the two types of localities. The contribution from reproductive allotment was considerably smaller. There was more overlap between predator treatments during the wet season. Only 8.5% of the individuals were misclassified during the dry season, but 19.5% were misclassified during the wet season.
Systems Biology Strategies in Studies of Energy Homeostasis In Vivo

In this chapter the authors report on their experience with the analysis and modeling of data obtained from studies of animal models related to obesity and metabolic syndrome. The complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors contributing to the failure of energy balance that lead to obesity, as well as tight systemic regulation to maintain energy homeostasis, require application of the systems biology strategy at the physiological level. In vivo systems offer the possibility of investigating not only the effects of specific genetic modifications or treatments in selected tissues and organs, but also to elucidate compensatory allostatic mechanisms induced to maintain the homeostasis of the whole system. A key challenge for systems biology is to characterize different systems’ responses in the context of activated pathways. One possible strategy is based on reconstruction of tissue specific pathways using lipidomics, or metabolomics in general, in combination with proteomic and transcriptomic profiles. This approach was applied to obese mouse model and revealed activation of multiple liver pathways that may lead to metabolic products, which may impair insulin sensitivity.
An investigation of the atherosclerosis susceptibility difference between two strains of Japanese quail based on gene expression profiling

ii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES . ix LIST OF FIGURES . xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . xiv CO-AUTHORSHIP STATEMENT . xv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW . 1 1.1. Cardiovascular diseases . 1 1.2. Risk factors for development of atherosclerosis . 3 1.3. The role of cholesterol in the development of atherosclerosis . 3 1.3.1. Dietary cholesterol and cholesterol metabolism . 4 1.3.2. De novo synthesis of cholesterol . 5 1.3.2.1. Cholesterol synthesis feedback . 6 1.3.2.2. SREBP pathwayHMGCR, FDFT1, SQLE gene regulation . 7 v 1.3. 3. Cholesterol transport and regulation of secretion . 8 1.3. 3.1. Plasma lipoprotein transport . 9 1.3. 3.1.1. Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) . 11 1.3. 3.2. Cholesterol excretion transporter . 11 1.3. 4. Cholesterol and plaque formation . 12 1.4. Genetic factors in atherosclerosis . 13 1.4. 1. Gene expression in aorta and spleen . 14 1.4. 2. Tools in evaluating genetic factors . 19 1.4. 2.1. Genome-wide expression assays . 20 1.4. 2.1.1. cDNA-AFLP . 20 1.4. 2.1.2. Other gene expression profiles . 21 1.4. 2.2 Animal models . 22 1.4. 2.2.1. Laboratory mouse . 23 1.4. 2.2.2. Japanese quail . 24 1.4. 2.2. 3. Other animal models for atherosclerosis . 27 1.5. Objectives of this thesis . 28 1.6. References. 30 CHAPTER 2: DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION IN THE LIVER OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS-SUSCEPTIBLE (SUS) AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS-RESISTANT (RES) JAPANESE QUAIL, (COTURNIX JAPONICA) . 50 2.
Les petits primates simiiformes de Glib Zegdou (Eocène inférieur à moyen d'Algérie)

We describe here new fossil primate material from Glib Zegdou including new teeth of Algeripithecus minutus, Tabelia hammadae n. gen. n, sp. , and two or three other primates present in this fauna. Their characters are interpreted as those of small simiiforms, a conclusion which we extend to Djebelemur and the upper teeth from Chambi, probably also to Omanodon and Shizarodon from Oman, but not to Eosimias from Shanghuang
Effects of aqueous Artemisia extracts and volatile substances on germination of selected species.

Highlight: The present study was done to determine the effects of Artemisiu substances, both water-soluble and aromatic, on the germination of selected grassland species. Aqueous extracts of Artemisiu tridentutu litter inhibited germination of such species as Agropyron smithii, Euphorbia podperae, Hedeoma hispida, Parietaria pennsylvanica, and Thluspi arvense. Aqueous extracts of A. b-identutu and A. cana leaves inhibited germination of Achilles millefolium, Artemisia cana, A. tridentata, Bromus inermis, Chrysothamnus nauseosus, and Thhtspi arvense. Germination of these same six species was inhibited by volatile substances from leaves of A. tridentatu and A. cana. Aqueous extracts of leaves of Artemisiu bidentata, A. cana, A. absinthium, A. frigid& and A. dracunculus all inhibited germination of Haplopappus spinulosus and Thlaspi arvense. Germination of Echinacea pullida was inhibited by leaf extracts of all the Artemisius tested except A. drucunculus. Germination of Plantugoputugonica was inhibited by leaf extracts of only A. tridentata and A. dracunculus. Germination of Stipa viridula and S. corn&z was stimulated by leaf extracts of A. frigida and A. dracunculus. Aqueous leaf extracts of A. absinthium strongly inhibited germination of Stipu coma& but stimulated germination of Stipu viridula. Germination of certain species, such as Lepidium virginicum, Rumex crispus, and R. occidentalis, were not at all inhibited by leaf extracts of any Artemisius tested. Results of this experiment suggest possible influences of Artemisiu chemicals on species distributional patterns in Atiemisiu-dominated vegetation, though further studies are required to verify whether the influences are valid under field conditions.
Computer Simulation of a Sporophytic Self-Incompatibility Breeding System

A sporophytic self· incompatibility system, such as occurs in Carthamus jlavescens Spreng. , was studied by computer simulation. Equilibrium gene fre-quencies in an infinite population were estimated for three-allele and six-allele systems and found to be independent of initial frequencies. In a species existing as a series of more or less isolated small populations genetic drift caused rapid loss of alleles. Maintenance of the S allele system was enhanced by increased population size, and particularly by migration, by which alleles lost from one local population could be re-introduced from adjacent populations. Hard seed carryover had a lesser effect.
An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Rapid Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in Processed Foods.

A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus in foods. The assay was based on the detection of protein A which is a specific protein secreted by S. aureus . Following a 24-h incubation in a staphylococcal selective broth containing mannitol as the carbon source, the culture supematant was added to the microtiter plate coated with anti-protein A immunoglobulin G (IgG). After incubation, peroxidase-labeled anti-protein A IgG was used to produce the signal of antigen-antibody reaction. The sensitivity of the assay for protein A was 0.1 ng/ml. For 37 strains of S. aureus studied, all produced protein A, and the amount (13-1,100 ng/ml) of protein A secreted by different strains varied to a large degree. For another 57 strains (including 19 Staphylococcus spp.) of bacteria tested, two strains (5. capilis subsp. capitis CCRC 12161 and S. lentus CCRC 12926) produced very low amounts of protein A (0.6-1 ng/ml) after 24-h incubation. Staphylococcus aureus was detected by the ELISA in all of six samples of precooked foods naturally contaminated with the bacterium. Twenty-two processed foods artificially inoculated with S. aureus at levels of < 2 CFU/g and 10 to 20 CFU/g, respectively, were all positive by the ELISA. As compared to the conventional culture methods which take 5 to 6 days to complete, the ELISA can detect low numbers of S. aureus in processed foods with a total analytical time of only 28 h.