Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of methionine and energy level in high protein organic diets fed to laying hens.

The objective of a 2 × 2 factorial study with laying hens was to evaluate the effect of dietary energy and DL-methionine (Met) supplementation in a high protein but sulphur amino acid deficient organic diet for laying hens on egg production, egg quality, and N retention and N excretion in manure. The model trial was conducted with 72 Bovans Brown hens from 24 to 53 weeks of age, allocated to 4 groups in 18 replicates. Each hen (replicate) was kept in an individual cage (40 cm × 40 cm) to enable individual feeding and collection of eggs. Hens were fed basal organic diets containing 180 g/kg crude protein and a lower (11.25 MJ) or higher (11.45 MJ) metabolizable energy (MEN) content. Basal diets contained relatively low levels of total methionine (2.63 g/kg) and sulphur amino acids (5.80 g/kg). The diets were supplemented or not with 0.6 g/kg DL-methionine (Met). Dietary energy level did not affect laying performance, but Met supplementation improved egg weight (P≤0.01), daily egg mass (P≤0.001), feed intake (P≤0.001), feed conversion per kg of eggs (P≤0.01) and yolk mass (P≤0.05). Met supplementation improved daily N retention (P≤0.05) and relative proportion of N retention to N intake (P≤0.01). The influence of Met on decreasing N content in excreta and N excretion was not statistically confirmed. A higher energy level in the diet, meanwhile, caused a statistically unverifiable increase in N content in excreta and daily N excretion in manure.
A mobile learning application for self-management of health and disease

Supporting self-management of patients is a highly challenging task, which needs to meaningfully exploit and interrelate approaches and technologies concerning interactive communication, personalized health and mobile learning. In line with these remarks, this paper reports on the development of an innovative clinical decision support platform for self-management of health and disease purposes. Work presented focuses on two basic components of the platform, namely a web-based collaboration support tool and a mobile application, both aiming to augment the interaction of all types of stakeholders with the platform. The functionality of the above components is sketched through a realistic use case.
Plasma brain natriuretic Peptide after isolated on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: prediction of postoperative adverse outcomes.

BACKGROUND The heart is an endocrine organ that synthesizes 2 different natriuretic peptides: atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). We assessed the relationship between preoperative BNP levels and postoperative complications and outcomes in patients who undergo isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHOD AND RESULTS The study consisted of 85 patients undergoing first-time elective CABG. Preoperative BNP levels were significantly correlated with the preoperative ejection fraction (P = .004), the number of vessels grafted (P = .016), cross-clamp time (P = .041), and perfusion time (P = .032). Preoperative BNP levels were higher in patients who developed postoperative new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) (median BNP, 197 pg/mL versus 65 pg/mL; P = .006), in patients requiring inotropic support (189 pg/mL versus 65 pg/mL; P = .004), and in patients who required an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) (325 pg/mL versus 68 pg/mL; P= .021). Analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated the preoperative BNP level to be a predictor of new-onset AF, a need for inotropic support, and a requirement for an IABP (areas under the curve, 0.70, 0.70, and 0.79, respectively). BNP cutoff values of 100 pg/mL for AF, 185 pg/mL for inotropic support, and 235 pg/mL for requiring an IABP predicted these postoperative adverse outcomes with 65%, 73%, and 84% accuracy, respectively. CONCLUSION This study suggests that a higher baseline plasma BNP concentration is associated with postoperative new-onset AF, a need for inotropic support, and an IABP requirement in patients who undergo first-time isolated CABG.
Haze removal and fuzzy based enhancement of image

The quality of outdoor captured images by camera may be degraded due to the occurrence of haze in the atmosphere. The process of enhancing the image by removing the haze is call dehazing. In this paper, dark channel prior and fuzzy enhancement based method is applied to remove haze from a hazy image. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by comparing average information content and natural image quality evaluator with two state-of-the-art algorithms. A comparative study and quantitative evaluation with existing algorithms demonstrate that similar even better quality results can be obtained by the proposed methods. The experimental result demonstrates that the proposed method removes the haze from a hazy image and also enhances it by maintaining the contrast.
Dynamical Traffic Engineering in Software-Defined Network

Software-Defined Networks (SDN), as newly proposed network architecture, has a great potential in optimizing network traffics. In SDN, the control plane is separated from the data plane. With the help of the centralized controller, we can gather information of the network in real time. In this work, we propose a practical two-stage approach for traffic engineering that takes advantages of SDN. The approach not only assures every newly injected flow gets a suitable route that does not have too much payload on it, but also schedules the overall flows so that they are distributed more equally in the network. Furthermore, we demonstrate its efficiency in terms of port speed and compared it with port speed under the default routing decision. We also use linear programming to find the optimal solution and compare it with our result.
Temporal dissociation of developmental events in the chick eye under low temperature conditions

The chick embryonic eye is an excellent model for the study of vertebrate organogenesis. Key events in eye development involve thickening, invagination and cytodifferentiation of the lens primordium. While these events occur successively at different developmental stages, the extent to which these events are temporally related is largely unknown. Here we show that the lens invagination is highly sensitive to temperature. Lowering of incubation temperature to 29°C at embryonic day 2 delayed the onset of invagination of the lens, but not thickening and cytodifferentiation, leading to abnormal protrusion of the eye. The temperature shift also delayed the inward bending of the underlying retinal primordium, even in the absence of the lens. Taken together, our results suggest that lens invagination is initiated independently of thickening and cytodifferentiation, possibly by mechanisms associated with morphogenesis of the primordial retina.
A New Multi-Objective Model for R&D Project Portfolio Selection Considering Potential Repetitive Projects and Sanction Impacts

In today's highly competitive marketplace, selecting an appropriate set of projects from a portfolio of candidate projects is vital for enterprises. An accurate selection of projects can steer a company to great success, while a careless selection may lead it to bankruptcy. Variability of project parameters such as benefit, cost, risk failure probability, etc. during planning horizon makes this selection more complicated and increases the importance of an elaborate analysis. In this article, we studied a multi-objective R&D project portfolio selection problem. There is a conflicting desire to maximize expected net benefit and minimize risk in companies. From a novel perspective, the authors considered repetitive projects and variable amounts for aforementioned project parameters during planning horizon that could be an effect of sanctions, in our model that are features of real world problems. Due to NP-hardness of the problem and its high computational effort especially when the number of projects grows, we solved test problems of different sizes using a Multi-Objective Differential Evolution MODE algorithm to find pareto optimal solutions.
A call for randomized controlled trials of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-2 infection in West Africa.

We believe the 1-2 million people and communities in West Africa most affected by HIV-2 (and dual infection) deserve the same evidence-based medicine and efforts that those with HIV-1 have justly demanded. Rigorous well designed randomized controlled trials that demonstrate which antiretroviral regimens are effective in treating HIV-2-infected people are urgently needed to guide patients and the clinicians who care for them. The outcome of such trials will also be beneficial in treating patients dually infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2 although ultimately trials of ART in dually patients are also needed. However the apparent decline of HIV-2 in some West African locales highlights the importance of involving multiple West African countries to establish large multicenter collaborative studies and trials.We believe the best place to carry out such trials is in West Africa the locale where HIV-2 is endemic and effective treatment is most likely to serve the local population. We therefore call on the wider AIDS community to support efforts for evidenced-based treatment of HIV-2 infection. (excerpt)
Gain profile optimization for Raman+EDFA hybrid amplifiers with recycled pumps for WDM systems

An approximated technique to quickly optimize the gain profile of multi-pump broadband hybrid amplifiers under residual pump recycling in WDM systems is proposed. It is based on the amplifier spectral equalization by adjusting the flexible gain profile of a multi-pump Raman amplification stage to compensate the Erbium-doped stage gain variation within the C-band. In order to increase the pump power efficiency, the Erbium-doped fiber section recycles the residual Raman pump. Three different cases considering, respectively, one, two, and three pumps are analyzed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The characterization of the Raman+EDFA hybrid amplifier has been performed in terms of global gain, ripple, and noise figure. The proposed optimization method for the Raman pump sets allows ripple figures to be reduced by half of their original values in single pumped configurations. Our results also suggest that two pump lasers is the best configuration when the maximum gain, minimum ripple, and pump power efficiency are simultaneously considered.
Attenuated human auditory middle latency response and evoked 40‐Hz response to self‐initiated sounds

For several modalities, it has been shown that the processing of sensory information generated by our own actions is attenuated relative to the processing of sensory information of externally generated stimuli. It has been proposed that the underlying mechanism builds predictions about the forthcoming sensory input and forwards them to the respective sensory processing levels. The present study investigated whether early auditory processing is suppressed by the top‐down influences of such an internal forward model mechanism. To this end, we compared auditory middle latency responses (MLRs) and evoked 40‐Hz responses elicited by self‐initiated sounds with those elicited by externally initiated but otherwise identical sounds. In the self‐initiated condition, the amplitudes of the Pa (27–33 ms relative to sound onset) and Nb (40–46 ms) components of the MLRs were significantly attenuated when compared to the responses elicited by click sounds presented in the externally initiated condition. Similarly, the evoked activity in the 40‐Hz and adjacent frequency bands was attenuated. Considering that previous research revealed subcortical and auditory cortex contributions to MLRs and 40‐Hz responses, our results support the existence of auditory suppression effects with self‐initiated sounds on temporally and structurally early auditory processing levels. This attenuation in the processing of self‐initiated sounds most probably contributes to the optimal processing of concurrent external acoustic events.
Micrographia with cognitive dysfunction: “Minimal” sequelae of a putaminal infarct

Shapiro AK, Shapiro E. “Tourette syndrome”: history and present state. In: Fried Hoff AJ, Chase TN, eds. Advances in neurology. New York: Raven, 1982:17-23. Jankovic J. The neurology of tics. In: Marsden CD, Fahn S, eds. Movement disorders 2. London: Butterworth, 1987: 383422. Jankovic J. Recent advances in the management of tics. Clin Neuropharmacol 1986;9:100-110. Fahn S , Marsden CD, Calne DB. Classifcation and investigation of dystonia. In: Marsden CD, Fahn S, eds. Movement disorders 2. London: Butterworth, 1987:332-358. Wigboldous JM, Bruyn GW. Hallervorden-Spatz disease. In: Vinken PJ, Bzuyn GW, eds. Handbook of clinical neurology. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 1968:604-631. Angelini L, Nardocci N, Rumi V, Strada L, Savoiardo M. Hallervorden-Spatz disease: clinical and MRI study of 11 cases diagnosed in life. J Neurol 1992;239:417425. Jankovic J, Kirkpatrick JB, Blomquist KA, Langlais PJ, Bird ED. Late onset Hallervorden-Spatz disease presenting as familial parkinsonism. Neurology 1985;35:227-234. Dooling EC, Schone WC, Richardson EP Jr. HallervordenSpatz syndrome. Arch Neurol 1974;30:7&83. Newel1 FW, Johnson RO, Huttenlocher PR. Pigmentary degeneration of the retina in the HallervordenSpatz syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 1979;88:467-471. Savoiardo M, Halliday WC, Nardocci N, et al. Hallervorden-Spatz disease: MR and pathologic findings. Am J Neuroradiol 1993;14 155-1 62. Schaffert DA, Johnsen SD, Johnson PC, Drayer BP. Magnetic resonance imaging in pathologically proven Hallervorden-Spatz disease. Neurology 1989;39:440-442. son’s disease with predominantly ri‘ght-sided signs (6) are associated with language and verbal memory deficits, and a right basal ganglia hematoma has been associated with a disruption of automatic speech (7), but the neuropsychological effect of a lesion restricted to the dominant putamen is unclear. We report a patient who developed a prominent micrographia and mild deficits in expressive language and verbal memory secondary to a small deep infarct restricted to the left posterior putamen.
The neuropsychology of Parkinson's disease.

This article discusses the neuropsychological profile of Parkinson's disease from the perspective of cognitive theory, anatomical organization, and unit recording data. Despite the point of origin, methodologically controlled studies are converging to support the position that patients with this disorder suffer selective impairment in the acquisition of novel tasks which rely on internal (subjective) processing for the efficient establishment of new cognitive "habits. " The roles of attention and learning as well as of unit activity within the relevant networks are considered. Also included are recent but important concepts from personality theory which potentially enhance understanding of the neuropsychology of Parkinson's disease.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of the c-kit proto-oncogene in sarcomas of the uterus: a case series.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence of c-kit expression in uterine sarcomas. STUDY DESIGN Immunohistochemical evaluation for expression of c-kit was performed on specimens from 11 patients with pathologically documented uterine sarcomas. Histologic subtypes included 5 carcinosarcomas, 3 leiomyosarcomas and 3 endometrial stromal sarcomas. Histologic sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded hysterectomy specimens from patients with uterine sarcomas were immunostained with c-kit (CD117) antibody. Overall staining intensity was graded as strong, intermediate or weak. RESULTS In all 11 patients with uterine sarcoma, c-kit immunostaining was positive. Four specimens demonstrated stronger staining intensity than did the gastrointestinal stromal tumor control. Five specimens demonstrated intermediate staining intensity. Two specimens demonstrated weak staining intensity. Furthermore, in the carcinosarcoma specimens both the epithelial and sarcomatous elements were positive for c-kit staining. CONCLUSION In this case series, c-kit expression was demonstrated in all sarcomas of the uterus regardless of histologic type. These results suggest that such drugs as imatinib mesylate, which inhibit the c-kit tyrosine kinase, should be investigated for these mesenchymal neoplasms.
Une figure de la déréglementation du marché du travail : le cas des centres d'appels

Plan Description des activités et examen des variables organisationnelles Centres d’appels et gestion des ressources humaines plurielle Types de partenariats et intervention des donneurs d’ordres L’enjeu : le dialogue social dans un contexte social hétérogène Logique de l’externalisation progressive et hétérogénéité des appartenances L’identification des acteurs légitimes du dialogue social : quel rôle pour la DRH ? Conclusion Références bibliographiques
Pattern of hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status in sub-Saharan breast cancer cases: Private practice experience.

INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally. With immunohistochemistry (IHC), breast cancer is classified into four groups based on IHC profile of estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) expression, positive (+) and/or negative (-). The IHC classification correlates well with intrinsic gene expression microarray categorization. ER-positive tumors may benefit from being treated with selective ER modulators and aromatase inhibitors, whereas patients with HER2/neu positive tumors have been shown to experience a significant survival advantage when treated with humanized monoclonal antibodies against HER2/neu. OBJECTIVE To determine ER/PR, HER2/neu expression and their association with histological prognostic markers in female breast carcinomas seen in a private diagnostic laboratory based in Lagos. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry reports of breast cancer patients, which were diagnosed by histopathology section of a private diagnostic laboratory based in Lagos, Nigeria from August 2009 to August 2014. RESULTS About 18.7% of breast cancers had IHC (ER, PR and HER2) done on them and were all females. The mean age of all subjects was 49.5 years (standard deviation, 13.2; range, 29-78 years). Most (95.8%) of the breast cancers were of invasive ductal carcinoma type, with 77.4% of them been >5 cm. IHC pattern was as follows: ER/PR+, HER2-=19 (39.6%), ER/PR-, HER2- (triple negative [TN])=14 (29.2%), ER/PR+, HER2+=9 (18.8%), ER/PR-, HER2+=6 (12.5%), corresponding to Lumina A, TN/basal-like, Lumina B and HER2 over expressed respectively. CONCLUSION Triple negative breast cancers are common in our environment and affect young females most and could be contributory to the poorer prognosis of breast cancer in our environment.
Origin and Function of Epidermal Langerhans Cells

In 1868, the medical student Paul Langerhans discovered a population of dendritic cells in the suprabasal regions of the epidermis by impregnating human skin with gold salts (Langerhans 1868). These cells are now eponymously referred to as Langerhans cells (LC). Since the gold chloride stain has a particular affinity for nerve tissue, Langerhans considered these cells to be a part of the nervous system. This theory was maintained by other investigators until the 196O's {Ferreira-Marques 1951, Niebauer & Sekido 1965). Throughout the 195O's and 196O's, another hypothetical concept had evolved which postulated a relationship between LC and melanocytes. According to that theory, LC were regarded either as worn-out melanocytes (Masson 1951), as daughter cells of dividing melanocytes (Zelickson 1966), or as melanocytes in an arrested stage of development (Breathnach 1963). Although the electron microscopic studies of Birbeck et al. (1961) had revealed that LC contained unique cytoplasmic organelles, these authors also favored the view of LC being derived from melanocytes. This postulated ontogenic relationship between LC and melanocytes and the suggestion that LC were a component of nervous tissue were disproven by grafting experiments of Breathnach et al. (1968). These authors transplanted limb buds of l()-day-old mouse embryos which had been deprived of their neural crest components into the spleens of histocompatible animals where they continued to grow and to differentiate. LC were regularly found in epidermis and in subepidermal connective tissue from skin differentiated from the neural
Pre-Spirits Implementations of PSTN-initiated Services

This document contains information relevant to the work underway in The Services in the PSTN/IN Requesting InTernet Services (SPIRITS) Working Group. It describes four existing implementations of SPIRITS-like services from Korea Telecom, Lucent Technologies, NEC, and Telia in cooperation with Nortel Networks. SPIRITS-like services are those originating in the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and necessitating the interactions of the Internet and PSTN.
Effects of small intestinal and gastric glucose administration on the suppression of plasma ghrelin concentrations in healthy older men and women

Objective Ghrelin is a peptide hormone secreted primarily from the gastric mucosa. It plays a role in energy balance by stimulating appetite, thereby increasing food intake and enhancing weight gain and fat mass deposition. Plasma ghrelin concentrations increase with fasting and are suppressed by nutrient intake. The aim of this study was to examine in humans the relative contributions of small intestinal and gastric nutrient exposure to postprandial suppression of ghrelin, to determine whether gastric exposure is necessary for ghrelin suppression.
Why Don ’ t All Banks Practice Regulatory Arbitrage ? Evidence from Usage of Trust-Preferred Securities

We investigate why only some banks use regulatory arbitrage. We predict that banks wanting to be riskier than allowed by capital regulations (constrained banks) use regulatory arbitrage, while others do not. We find support for this hypothesis using trust-preferred securities issuance, a form of regulatory arbitrage available to almost all U.S. banks from 1996 to Dodd-Frank. We also find support for predictions that constrained banks are riskier, perform worse during the crisis, and use multiple forms of regulatory arbitrage. We show that neither too-big-to-fail incentives nor misaligned managerial incentives are first-order determinants of this type of regulatory arbitrage. (JEL G01, G21, G28)
Programming placental nutrient transport capacity

Many animal studies and human epidemiological findings have shown that impaired growth in utero is associated with physiological abnormalities in later life and have linked this to tissue programming during suboptimal intrauterine conditions at critical periods of development. However, few of these studies have considered the contribution of the placenta to the ensuing adult phenotype. In mammals, the major determinant of intrauterine growth is the placental nutrient supply, which, in turn, depends on the size, morphology, blood supply and transporter abundance of the placenta and on synthesis and metabolism of nutrients and hormones by the uteroplacental tissues. This review examines the regulation of placental nutrient transfer capacity and the potential programming effects of nutrition and glucocorticoid over‐exposure on placental phenotype with particular emphasis on the role of the Igf2 gene in these processes.