Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of the Action of Class I Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Lidocaine, Quinidine, and Prajmaline) in Rabbit Atrial and Ventricular Myocardium

Effects of three class I antiarrhythmic drugs (quinidine, lidocaine, and prajmaline) on transmembrane resting (RMP) and action potentials (AP) of isolated rabbit atrial and ventricular myocardium were studied at different stimulation rates. The frequency-dependent depression of the maximal upstroke velocity (Vmax) of the AP (sodium channel block) was analyzed according to the “guarded receptor” hypothesis. The resting block (Vmax depression after a resting period) induced by prajmaline (10−6 M), quinidine (2.2 × 10−5 M), and lidocaine (4.3 × 10−5 M) was more expressed in the atrium (44, 28, and 19%, respectively) than in the ventricle (32, 9, and 0%, respectively). There were also significant (p < 0.05) atrioventricular differences in the frequency-dependent extra block (Vmax reduction on stimulation at 3.3 Hz) for quinidine (39 vs. 26%) and lidocaine (4 vs. 25%). From the analysis, according to the guarded receptor hypothesis, it follows that the three compounds bind preferentially to inactivated sodium channels with about the same affinity to the atrium and ventricle, except for quinidine which shows a significantly smaller dissociation constant in the atrium (5 × 10−6 M vs. 2.7 × 10−5 M; p < 0.001). We conclude that the atrioventricular differences in the resting block are mainly due to atrioventricular differences in the RMP, whereas the differences in the frequency-dependent extra block are based on the shorter atrial AP duration (lidocaine) or are due to higher affinity to atrial sodium channels (quinidine).
Gene targeting in plants

Although the generation of transgenic plants is now routine, the integration of foreign genetic information has so far been at random sites in the genome. We now present evidence for directed integration into a predicted location in the host plant genome. Protoplasts of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum) plants carrying copies of a partial, non‐functional drug‐resistance gene in the nuclear DNA were used as recipients for DNA molecules containing the missing part of the gene. Molecular and genetic data confirm the integration of the foreign DNA through homologous recombination within overlapping parts of the protein coding region, resulting in the formation of an active gene in the host chromosome. This approach is referred to as gene targeting. The gene targeting frequency (the number of drug‐resistant clones resulting from gene correction compared to the number of resistant clones from parallel experiments with a similar non‐interrupted hybrid gene) was 0.5‐4.2×10‐4. These experiments demonstrate the possibility of producing transgenic plants with desired modifications to a specific nuclear gene.
Blind Calibration and DOA Estimation With Uniform Circular Arrays in the Presence of Mutual Coupling

In smart antenna systems, mutual coupling between elements can significantly degrade the performance of array processing algorithms. Based on the special structure of coupling matrix, this letter presents a subspace-based blind calibration method for uniform circular arrays. The method uses the incident signals to carry out both direction of arrival (DOA) estimation and array calibration simultaneously. In addition, the parameter identifiability condition is also provided. Finally, representative computer simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and behavior of the proposed method
Molecular Attributes of Human Skeletal Muscle at Rest and After Unaccustomed Exercise: An Age Comparison

Roberts, MD, Kerksick, CM, Dalbo, VJ, Hassell, SE, Tucker, PS, and Brown, R. Molecular attributes of human skeletal muscle at rest and after unaccustomed exercise: an age comparison. J Strength Cond Res 24(5): 1161-1168, 2010-The current study examined muscle DNA and protein concentrations ([ ]) and the [RNA] (assumed to represent translational capacity), [RNA]:[DNA] (assumed to represent transcriptional efficiency) and [protein]:[RNA] (assumed to represent translational efficiency) in younger vs. older participants during a resting state. Further, changes in muscle [DNA], translational capacity, and transcriptional efficiency were analyzed 24 hours after an unaccustomed resistance exercise bout. Younger (20.9 ± 0.5 years, 84.0 ± 5.2 kg, 26.6 ± 1.8 kg·m−2; n = 13) and older men (67.6 ± 1.3 years, 88.7 ± 4.8 kg, 28.6 ± 1.4 kg·m−2; n = 13) reported to the laboratory and completed an unaccustomed bout of lower-body resistance training (i.e., 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 80% 1 repetition maximum for Smith squat, leg press, and leg extensions). Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were obtained before and 24 hours after exercise. Baseline [RNA], [DNA], [protein], and [RNA]:[DNA] were not different between age groups (p > 0.05). Baseline [protein]:[RNA] was greater in younger vs. older men (p = 0.045), whereas 24-hour postexercise [RNA]:[DNA] tended to be greater in older men (p = 0.087). These findings suggest that a decrease in the efficiency of translational processes occurs in older human skeletal muscle, whereas global transcriptional processes appear to be unaltered when compared with those in younger men. In lieu of these data, it remains apparent that muscle-protein synthesis is impaired in aging skeletal muscle and effective countermeasures such as resistance exercise and nutritional adequacy must be undertaken by older populations to offset this phenomenon.
Normal age‐related changes in bone mass, structure, and strength ‐ consequences of the remodelling process

The incidence of osteoporotic fractures has increased in the western would during the last 30 years. In Scandinavia, the increase in femoral neck fracture incidence was 2-3 fold from 1950-1980, and the increase in vertebral fracture incidence was even higher: 3 4 fold for women and more than 4 fold for men. The data are age-adjusted and therefore highlight that there is a decrease in bone mass or quality from generation to generation. The data also show that factors other than the menopause are responsible for these changes. To arrest or reverse this increase in fracture incidence, understanding of normal age-related changes in bone mass, structure, and strength is crucial.
Bcl-2 expression correlates with apoptosis induction but not loss of clonogenic survival in small cell lung cancer cell lines treated with etoposide

The influence of bcl-2 oncogene expression on etoposide- Induced apoptosis and clonogenic survival was investigated In five small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines, three of which were bcf-2-expressing and two of which were non-bcf-2- expressing. The bcf-2-expressing lines displayed a lower apoptosis propensity than the non-bcf-2-expresslng lines. When bcf-2-expressing cells were incubated in cystine/ methionine-free (CMF) medium, etoposide-induced apoptosis was restored to levels comparable to those seen in nonbcf- 2-expressing lines. However, the endpoint of clonogenic survival after drug treatment did not display any consistent pattern that correlated with bcf-2 status. In addition, treatment of the two bcf-2-expressing cell lines with etoposide in CMF medium did not modify their clonogenic survival curves compared to treatment in regular medium. These results are consistent with the idea that bcf-2 expression modulates etoposide-induced apoptosis but not clonogenic survival. [© 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wllkins. ]
Performance Outcomes of Responsiveness: When Should Supply Chains Be Fast?

Responsiveness is considered a “basis of competition” attribute of supply chain performance (APICS 2016). Nonetheless, there remains ambiguity under which conditions a supply chain that is fast enough to fulfill customers’ lead time requirements constitutes competitive advantage. We examine the benefits and costs associated with supply chain responsiveness using secondary data from a leading chemicals manufacturer. Our results indicate that responsiveness can improve financial performance in two distinct ways: either by matching supply and demand or by decreasing supply-chain-related costs depending on the characteristics of the products that are being sold. Based on these findings, this study advances well-known frameworks in supply chain strategy (Fisher’s framework) and performance management (SCOR model).
Mechanisms of trophectoderm fate specification in preimplantation mouse development

During preimplantation mouse development, embryos establish two distinct cell lineages by the time of blastocyst formation: trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM). To explain the mechanism of this cell fate specification, two classical models, namely the inside–outside model and polarity model have been proposed based on experimental manipulation studies on embryos. This review summarizes recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of fate specification, and discusses how these findings fit into the classical models. TE development is regulated by a transcription factor cascade, the core transcription factors of which are Tead4 and Cdx2. The transcriptional activity of Tead4 is regulated by the position‐dependent Hippo signaling pathway, thus supporting the inside–outside model. In contrast, several findings support the polarity model; some other findings suggest different mechanisms. We also discuss how the two classical models could be further developed in the light of recent molecular findings.
An analysis of the alignment of the contracts for Cloud Computing with the norms and recommendations

This study evaluated whether the content of the contracts for the provision of IT services platforms in Computer Cloud (PaaS) of some suppliers is adequate to ensure the good practices of an offer and use these services by vendors and clients. To can be auditable, the services agreements must comply with the recommendations and standards of the regulatory bodies and these must clearly be being in their contracts. Through a literature review, this study analyzed the established standards and recommendations under consideration by groups of normative research of the cloud environment. After, we conducted a study about the contractual clauses for the provision of IT services platforms in Cloud for some wellknown suppliers that divulge their contracts on the web. A comparison between the recommendations and the terms of these contracts demonstrates there is still a lot to improve this relationship to provide compliance to safety auditability between both parties.
Analysis of Dietary Intake and Body Composition of Female Athletes over a Competitive Season

Th e purpose of the study was to examine dietary intake, body composition and bone mineral density changes at the beginning and end of a competitive season in female athletes of sports that have been less represented in the literature. NCAA Division I basketball (n=10) and soft ball (n=10) players mean age (20±1 years) completed 3-day food records at the beginning and end of season. Body composition and bone mineral density were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Mean energy intake was signifi cantly lower at the beginning compared to the end of the season (1925±466 vs. 2326±782 kcals/day; p=0.02). Lean, fat, and total body mass, and total and regional BMD were unaltered from the beginning to the end of season (p>0.05). Macronutrient consumption by percentage did not change across the season (p>0.05) with aggregate data equalling 3.5±1.3, 1.2±0.6, and 1.2±0.5 g/kg/day for carbohydrate, fat, and protein respectively. Carbohydrate and protein intakes were below the recommended levels. Low intake of fi bre (17±6.3 g/day) and high sodium (3700±1120 mg/day) also raise concerns. Despite no major alterations in body composition or BMD many female athletes’ diets in the sports investigated while living on campus failed to meet recommended intake levels suggesting maximal athletic performance and health parameters may be stunted due to poor nutrient choices.
A digital television demodulator IC with 256 tap equalizer

The single-chip digital demodulator (AV8100) performs all digital demodulation and forward error correction functions in a digital TV receiver, High Definition TV (HDTV) receiver and related applications. The device conforms to the ATSC Digital Television standard for the reception of terrestrial broadcast over a 6 MHz channel using 8-VSB modulation. This CMOS chip performs matched filtering, timing recovery, carrier recovery, equalization, and forward error correction (FEC) on digitized IF pass-band samples at its input. The output from the device is an error corrected MPEG-2 transport stream with low jitter.
EMI in modern AC motor drive systems

In this paper, several aspects of high frequency related issues of modern AC motor drive systems, such as common mode voltage, shaft voltage and resultant bearing current and leakage currents, have been discussed. Conducted emission is a major problem in modern motor drives that produce undesirable effects on electronic devices. In modern power electronic systems, increasing power density and decreasing cost and size of system are market requirements. Switching losses, harmonics and EMI are the key factors which should be considered at the beginning stage of a design to optimise a drive system.
Use of an antibiotic footbath in the treatment of bovine digital dermatitis

One hundred and eleven dairy cows with digital dermatitis, on six commercial farms, were used to test the efficacy of a footbath containing erythromycin for treating the condition. Four days after 55 of the cows had walked through the footbath after two successive milkings their lesions were significantly less active and painful than those of the 56 untreated cows. These 56 cows were then treated in the same way and both groups were re-examined seven days later. There were no significant differences between the clinical signs observed in the two groups, and the benefits of the treatment had persisted for the 11 days of the trial.
Financial Effects of Depletion of Mangrove Forest on the Performance of Micro Finance Community Based Organizations -The Case Study of Wajomvu Community in Kenyan Coast

This paper discusses the Financial Effects of Depletion of Mangrove Forest on the Performance of Micro Finance Community Based Organizations. Microfinance programmes are seen as a means for such communities to gain access to much-needed and appropriate credit services. The communities along the coast have been able to undertake microfinance programmes due to income arising from sea products and mangrove forests such as income from eco-restaurant, birding excursions, selling crabs and fish to hotels, honey products, pottery items, timber for construction and fuel wood. Mangrove forests worldwide have suffered depletion due to overharvesting, pollution and urban development among others. A broad study was done with regards to the various variables showing how each of them affects performance of Microfinance Community Based Organizations. A descriptive survey study design was adopted in the methodology to explain the relationship between the variables of the study as shown in the conceptual framework. The research discloses that overharvesting, Pollution and urban development are environmental issues which affect MFI’s profitability by increasing its risk. The study concludes by recommending conservation and protection of mangrove forests in order to ensure sustainable yields of timber which have a relatively high economic return leading to increase in savings thus enhancing performance of microenterprise. All stakeholders, including women and marginalised groups, should be included in management planning to avoid approaches which are detrimental to those who rely most heavily on mangrove resources.
Event-Driven Communication on Application Level in a Smart Home

In recent years, research on the Internet of Things focused on wired or wireless information transport. Progress has been made in energy-efficiency, reduction of bandwidth usage and bringing standard Internet protocols to small resource constrained devices. Yet, an application level protocol that not only aims at enabling such devices for remote control but at the same time also offers semantic description features to human users is not found. Based upon previous work, we introduce further semantic schema extensions, add event-based communication on application level and compare our approach to existing work. Keywords—Smart Home; Smart Grid; Smart Device; remote control; Internet of Things; embedded system
Mandating the transfer of tacit knowledge in Australian universities

Universities have traditionally operated as ‘ivory towers’, and it is time to look beyond those towers to engage in the transfer of tacit knowledge. Tacit knowledge is credited for tangible and measurable increase of organisational efficiency (Gerard 2003). Most knowledge in organisations exists in peoples’ minds as tacit knowledge that has grown and developed through years of experience (Zack 1998). Tacit knowledge is difficult to measure and has not been studied extensively (Brockmann and Anthony 1998). The lack of attention to the ‘elicitation and measurement of tacit knowledge in industry and organisational environments’ (pg. 375) has also been highlighted by Garcia-Perez & Mitra (2007). Knowledge management organisational efforts often fail because people issues related to attitudes towards knowledge sharing and motivation are neglected (Carter and Scarbrough 2001). To add to the problem, Abstract
Pengaruh Strategi Diversifikasi terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan dengan Struktur Modal sebagai Variabel Intervening(Studi Empiris Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2013-2015)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh strategi diversifikasi terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan dengan struktur modal sebagai variabel intervening pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2013-2015. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari laporan keuangan perusahaan dari www.idx. co.id. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data sekunder. Sampel penelitian ini diperoleh menggunakan purposive sampling dengan beberapa kriteria dengan total sampel sebanyak 177 perusahaan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah path analysis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi diversifikasi berpengaruh negatif terhadap struktur modal, strategi diversifikasi berpengaruh negatif tehadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan, struktur modal berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan dan strategi diversifikasi tidak terbukti berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan melalui struktur modal. Kata Kunci: Strategi Diversifikasi, Struktur Modal, Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan abstract This study aims to obtain empirical evidence on the influence of diversification strategies on the company's financial performance with capital structure as an intervening variable on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2013-2015. Data used in this research were taken from the company’s annual financial report obtained from www.idx. co.id. Type of data used in this research is secondary data. The samples in this research were gathered using purposive sampling with some specific criteria with the total sample of 177 companies. The analytical method used is Path Analysis. The result of this research show that the diversification strategy has negative effect to capital structure, diversification strategy has a negative effect on the corporate financial performance, Capital structure has a positive effect on corporate’s financial performance and diversification strategy is not proven to have a positive effect on corporate's financial performance through capital structure. Keywords: Diversification Strategy, Capital Structure, Corporate’s Financial Performance
Characterization of early gastric cancer and proposal of the optimal therapeutic strategy.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The optimal protocol of the treatment for early gastric cancer has not been fully established. The current study was designed to elucidate the relationship between the depth of tumors with or without an ulcer and the presence of lymph node metastasis and to establish the optimal and practical therapeutic strategy for patients with early gastric cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of 1051 patients with early gastric cancer treated by gastrectomy with D1 or D2 lymph node dissection was performed. The patients were divided into those with mucosal (M) tumors and those with submucosal (SM) tumors. These 2 groups were subclassified, depending on the coexistence of ulcer or the degree of submucosal invasion, and were characterized in relation to clinicopathologic factors and 5-year prognosis. RESULTS The incidence of lymph node metastases from SM tumors (19.8%, 85 of 430) was more frequent than that from M tumors (2.3%, 14 of 621) (P <.001). All M tumors with lymph node involvement, including tumors smaller than 1.5 cm in diameter, had ulceration or ulceration scar in the lesions. SM tumors that had invaded less than 200 microm in depth (SM1a) had significantly less lymph node involvement than those with deeper invasion. The node metastases were confined to epigastric lymph nodes (N1) in both M tumors with ulceration or ulceration scar and SM1a tumors. CONCLUSIONS All macroscopic M tumors without ulceration or ulceration scar should be considered for endoscopic mucosal resection. The need for reoperation for a formal gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy or a limited surgical operation will vary depending on the pathologic analysis of endoscopic mucosal resection specimens (depth of invasion, presence of ulceration).
Optimizing Treatment Strategies for Epilepsy Using Reinforcement Learning

This paper highlights the crucial role that modern machine learning techniques can play in the optimization of treatment strategies for patients with chronic disorders. We focus on the task of optimizing a deep-brain stimulation strategy for the treatment of epilepsy. The challenge is to choose which stimulation action to apply, as a function of the observed EEG signal, so as to minimize the frequency and duration of seizures. We apply recent techniques from the reinforcement learning literature—namely fitted Q-iteration and extremely randomized trees—to learn an optimal stimulation policy using labeled training data from animal brain tissues. Our results show that these methods are an effective means of reducing the incidence of seizures, while also minimizing the amount of stimulation applied.
Baculovirus-mediated Gene Delivery and RNAi Applications

Baculoviruses are widely encountered in nature and a great deal of data is available about their safety and biology. Recently, these versatile, insect-specific viruses have demonstrated their usefulness in various biotechnological applications including protein production and gene transfer. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies exist and support their use as gene delivery vehicles in vertebrate cells. Recently, baculoviruses have also demonstrated high potential in RNAi applications in which several advantages of the virus make it a promising tool for RNA gene transfer with high safety and wide tropism.
A Tool for Endoscopic Capsule Dataset Preparation for Clinical Video Event Detector Algorithms

In all R&D projects there's at least one phase of model verification and accuracy, and when we are working with visual information (such as pictures and video) this phase should be emphasised. When working with medical information and clinical trials the truth of automatic results must be accurate. This work is based on the need of a huge and well annotated dataset of pictures retrieved from endoscopic capsule. This datasets should be used to learn the computer vision algorithms focused on endoscopic capsule video processing, and event detection.