Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transformer Oils Potential for PCBs Contamination

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were commercially produced world-wide on a large scale between the 1930s and 1980s that had been used widely in variety of commercial equipment like transformers, capacitors and other electrical equipment because of their useful quality as being a fire retardant. But due to their persistence and ubiquitous distribution in the environment, PCBs were banned from the U.S in the 1970s and internationally through the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. Although banned by law and punished heavily, large numbers of PCB-contaminated transformers are still in service. Thus, there remains a huge reservoir of PCBs with the potential to serve as sources of contamination to the environment. In this study, using EN 12766 test method: “Petroleum products and used oils-Determination of PCBs and related products”, PCBs were analyzed in the random samples collected from different regions of Turkey. The samples also used for screening for the presence of total halogens and chlorine. Test results of the study showed that PCBs were present in certain transformers but concentrations in the most of samples did not exceed the limit value of 50 ppm. However, there was a significant relationship between the PCB concentrations and the halogens. Finally, the contaminated transformer oils were evaluated according to Regulation on Control of Waste Oils, published in the Official Gazette 2008/26952.
Experiments on shape memory alloy actuator and practical applicability considerations

SUMMARY This paper describes the design and the experimental work on a force-generating Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuator concept. The objective of the work was to test the applicability of the actuator concept for semi-active vibration control. The actuator was designed for bolt-force adjustment in structural joints. The SMA material applied was standard commercial NiTinol alloy. Two different actuator designs were constructed and tested: a smaller air-heated design, and a larger water-heated design. The actuator’s ability to generate a force as a function of the bolt pre-tension was studied in the experiments. The magnitude of the forces generated was from 1 kN to 70 kN. In terms of design and control, non-linear behaviour of the actuator was considered a challenge. For the industrial application point-of-view, the long-term behaviour and the price of the material were considered the greatest challenges. Ability to generate large forces relatively quickly was seen as a promising opportunity. Furthermore, both actuator constructions were relatively simple and consisted of small number of components.
Chapter 6 A Rac 1-Nedd 4-1-Dishevelled-1 axis regulates maturation of cell-cell contact

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Recommendations for Handling Fresh-cut Leafy Green Salads by Consumers and Retail Foodservice Operators

SUMMARY A panel of scientists with expertise in microbial safety of fresh produce was convened to review recent research and re-evaluate guidelines for foodservice and restaurant operators, regulatory agencies with oversight over food facilities, and consumers for handling prewashed bagged salads. The guidelines developed by the panel, together with materials reviewed by the panel to develop the guidelines, are presented. The background materials reviewed include published research and recent recommendations made by other authoritative sources. The panel concluded that leafy green salad in sealed bags labeled "washed" or "ready-to-eat" that are produced in a facility inspected by a regulatory authority and operated under cGMPs, does not need additional washing at the time of use unless specifically directed on the label. The panel also advised that additional washing of ready-to-eat green salads is not likely to enhance safety. The risk of cross contamination from food handlers and food contact surfaces used during washing may outweigh any safety benefit that further washing may confer.
Ideal Child Gender Preference in Men's Worldview and Their Knowledge of Related Maternal Mortality Indices in Ekiadolor, Southern Nigeria

The objective was to investigate men's gender preferences and the possible association with their knowledge of related maternal mortality indices. Using a cross-sectional design, a structured questionnaire was administered to 369 randomly selected males aged 18-75 years in Ekiadolor, Nigeria. A total of 176(47.7%) respondents had gender preference, 135(36.6%) preferring sons. Respondents who stated values >4 as the maximum safe parity per woman were 175(47.4%). Of these, 67.4% (118/175) had gender preference compared to 29.9% (58/194) who stated values ≤4 (logistic regression: p = 0.000; OR = 4 .6, 95% CI = 2.97 - 7.25). Respondents who were aware that pregnancy and delivery could put a woman's health at risk were 263 (71.3%). Of these, 58.6% (154/263) had no gender preference compared to 36.8% (39/106) of those who lacked this awareness. The association in this distribution was initially masked in a χ 2 -test but demonstrated in the binomial logistic regression analysis (p = 0.002; OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.28 - 0.75). The variabilities in gender preference with respect to age, marital status and educational level were not statistically significant. This study is of priority pub lic health importance because it broade ns the opportunity to reduce maternal death by educating males on the dangers of grandmultiparity, which may be influenced while seeking to satisfy their gender preference. The traditional hierarchy should be engaged as cultural gatekeepers and potential change agents.
The Impact of Sovereign Wealth Funds on International Financial Stability

Over the recent period, many emerging-market economies and commodity-exporting nations have experienced unprecedented growth and accumulated substantial amounts of foreign exchange reserves. The management of these foreign reserves has led to the emergence of important financial actors: sovereign wealth funds (SWFs). While SWFs have existed in one form or another since the 1950s, they have recently risen in prominence and been exposed to public scrutiny and debate. The author outlines their possible impact on international financial stability. She concludes that SWFs are long-term investors that can play a stabilizing role in financial markets by supplying liquidity and reducing market volatility. While characteristics such as a lack of transparency highlight the potential for destabilization by one or more SWFs, there is little evidence that this has occurred during the recent period. Similarly, the rise of financial protectionism, as host countries adopt rules to protect sensitive industries, might unduly restrict global capital flows, but it is not likely to destabilize the international financial system.
CEN 34 – high-mass YSO in M 17 or background post-AGB star?

We investigate the proposed high-mass young stellar object (YSO) candidate CEN 34, thought to be associated with the star-forming region M 17. Its optical to near-infrared (550−2500 nm) spectrum reveals several photospheric absorption features, such as Hα ,t he Ca ii triplet, and the CO bandhead, but lacks emission lines. The spectral features in the range 8375−8770 A are used to constrain an effective temperature Teff = 5250 ± 250 K (early-/mid-G) and a log g = 2.0 ± 0.3 (supergiant). The spectral energy distribution (SED) displays a faint infrared excess that resembles that of a high-mass YSO or an evolved star of intermediate mass. Moreover, the observed temperature and surface gravity are identical for high-mass YSOs and evolved stars. The radial velocity of CEN 34 relative to the local standard of rest (VLSR) as obtained from various photospheric lines is of the order of −60 km s −1 and thus distinct from the
Automatic Road Crack Segmentation Using Thresholding Methods

Maintenance of good condition of roads are very essential to the economy and everyday life of people in a every country. Road cracks are one of the important indicators that show degradations of road surfaces. Inspection of roads that have been done manually took a very long time and tedious. Hence, an automatic road crack segmentation using thresholding methods have been proposed in this study. In this study, ten road crack images have been pre-processed as an initial step. Then, normalization techniques, L1-Sqrt norm have been applied onto images to reduce the variation of intensities that skewed to the right. Then, thresholding methods, Otsu and Sauvola methods have been used to binarize the images. From the experiment of ten road crack images that have been done, normalization technique, L1-Sqrt norm can help to increase performance of road crack segmentation for Otsu and Sauvola methods. The results also show that Sauvola method outperform Otsu method in detecting road cracks.
Assessing Local Influence in Multivariate Analyses of Incomplete Data

The present paper deals with multivariate analyses applied to the maximum likelihood estimate(s) for (the mean vector and) the covariance matrix based on incomplete data, and derives influence functions for the mean vector, the covariance matrix and some statistics in multivariate analyses. Influential directions in the sense of Cook's local influence are also derived. A numerical example is given to show the usefulness of the proposed method.
Study on Physical Properties of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Heating Coconut Shell

A research to determine the solar activity in the months from January to March 2015, and analyze the characteristics of flare on the rotation angle shifting of the sunspot group of sunspot sample observed, has been conducted. The method was observation and descriptive analysis of quantitative data. Determination of coordinates of sunspot was done using the software IDL. These observations were made in the Aerospace Observation Center (BPD) LAPAN Watukosek. Data were analyzed in the form of a sketch-owned BPD Sunspot LAPAN Watukosek, ie sunspot sketch of months from January to March in 2015 and the data was taken from NOAA. The results showed that the flare is not always the case in large class of sunspot groups, however, the small class was able to produce a flare. Most flares ware occur after experiencing a shift angle in the preceding or following although with angles that were not too large (<10 °). The highest solar activity was occurred in January 2015 with the appearance of a sunspot group consisting of as many as 130 in 1063 sunspots. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.17977/um024v1i12016p001
Seasonality in Community Water Demand

Secondary data and survey information are used to develop a large data set for analyzing water demand in 221 communities. The resulting monthly data are employed to examine seasonal variability in consumer price sensitivity. Several functional forms are contrasted for their abilities to identify monthly price elasticities. Results demonstrate the statistical contribution of a new climate variable for fitting monthly data, generally indicate that summer price elasticities exceed winter price elasticities by 30%, and appear to reject the use of the translog functional form as well traditional linear and Cobb-Douglas forms for statistical analyses of pooled monthly data. The generalized Cobb-Douglas and augmented Fourier forms are more viable alternatives for pooled monthly data.
Pension Incentives and the Pattern of Early Retirement

This mix of state and private pension provision in the United Kingdom provides a rare degree of variation in pension incentives for retirement. Using a sample of individuals from the UK Retirement Survey, the paper models the probability of retirement in terms of the incentives underlying the individual's pension plan as well as other socio-economic factors. It follows an option value approach and allows a separate role for pension wealth, for spouse's economic characteristics and for demographic characteristics. It distinguishes between SERPS and private schemes and models eligibility to disability. The results point to significant retirement incentive effects from the pension system.
Dynamics of the solar chromosphere V. High-frequency modulation in ultraviolet image sequences from TRACE

We search for signatures of high-frequency oscillations in the upper solar photosphere and low chromosphere in the context of acoustic heating of outer stellar atmospheres. We use ultraviolet image sequences of a quiet center-disk area from the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) mission which were taken with strict cadence regularity. The latter permits more reliable high-frequency diagnosis than in earlier work. Spatial Fourier power maps, spatially averaged coherence and phase-difference spectra, and spatio-temporal (kh, f ) decompositions all contain high-frequency features that at first sight seem of considerable intrinsic interest but actually are more likely to represent artifacts of different nature. Spatially averaged phase difference measurement provides the most sensitive diagnostic and indicates the presence of acoustic modulation up to f ≈ 20 mHz (periods down to 50 s) in internetwork areas.
Actual Use and Continuous Use of Retail Mobile App: A Model Comparison Perspective

Article history: Received: 09 July, 2018 Accepted: 26 September, 2018 Online: 14 November, 2018 A mobile retail app is a growing innovation in a retailing setting and there is an argument on the prominent status of a mobile application in contrast with a mobile website and web applications. The study used quantitative data to run multiple regression analysis with keen attention to linear regression assumption and compare four models for mobile retail app use and continuous use based on mobile retail app technology, trust, and gratification. Theoretically, the study integrates the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), trust and gratification and expand the technology acceptance model with the trust and gratification elements. To have a better understanding of the hypothesized theory and clearer perception of the model that have explanatory power, the study employs SPSS linear regression and general linear regression to look at the relationship of mobile app technology, trust and gratification predictors and the outcome variable. The study emphasized the importance of trust, privacy assurance, learning and relaxation features in a mobile retail app as an antecedent of its use and continuous use. This is a novel contribution to the literature on technology acceptance and retailing. This study also shed more light on the importance of age as a moderator of gender and marital status regarding mobile retail app use and continuous use. Further, it also explicates the managerial implication of mobile app and makes a necessary future recommendation.
Atypical thermal transport in Cu nanorods in the diffusive-ballistic crossover

We propose a simple theoretical calculation scheme based on the phenomenological Fourier heat-flow formalism to study thermal transport behaviors in nanoscale copper rods. The axial heat transport is characterized by a new super-oscillatory feature along with small-amplitude heat spikes. It is anticipated that these atypical spikes are generated by accumulation of localized “hotspots” that have low heat dissipation characteristics. In the case of radial transport, we witness the existence of three distinct heat regimes owing to buildup of hot electrons after experiencing ballistic scattering events. It is important to note that, even though the nanorod diameter is comparable to or smaller than the electron mean free path length, λmfp ∼ 30 nm; multiple ballistic electronic scattering from the outer surface of the nanorods and subsequent accrual into several layers through secondary collisional events has led to concentric heat zones. The hotspots disappear when the nanorod diameter exceeds λmfp.
An efficient LIN MCU design for In-Vehicle Networks

This paper describes a design of LIN MCU using efficient memory accessing architecture which provides concurrent data and address fetch for faster communication. By using slew rate control it can reduce EMI emission while satisfying required communication specifications. To verify the efficiency of the LIN MCU, we developed a SoC and tested for several data packets. Measurements show that this LIN MCU improves network efficiency up to 17.19 % and response time up to 31.26 % for nominal cases. EMI radiation also can be reduced up to 10 dB.
A Comparative Analysis of Men’s and Women’s Sports with Respect to Types of Injury, Anatomy and Physiology, and Care and Prevention

4 Introduction.5 Tennis.10 The Ankle Joint.10 Common Tennis Injuries of the Ankle.12 Care and Prevention for Ankle Injuries.13 The Lumbar Spine and Hip Joint.14 Tennis-Related Injury of the Lumbar Spine.16 Common Tennis-Related Injury of the Hip.18 Care and Prevention for Lower Back and Hip Injuries.18 The Shoulder Joint.19 Tennis-Related Injury of the Shoulder.21 Care for and Prevention of Shoulder Injuries.22 The Elbow Joint.23 Tennis-Related Injury of the Elbow.24 Care for and Prevention of Elbow Injuries.25 Conclusion.26 Baseball and Softball.27 Common Baseball-Related Upper Extremity Injuries.28 Common Softball-Related Injuries.30 The Knee Joint.30 Common Softball-Related Injury of the Knee.32 MEN’S AND WOMEN’S SPORTS-RELATED INJURIES 3 Care for and Prevention of Injuries to the Upper Extremities.33 Care for and Prevention of Injuries to the Knee.34 Conclusion.35 Soccer.36 The ACL in the Knee.37 Men vs. Women.38 Care and Prevention.39 Conclusion.41 Basketball.42 The Anatomy of an Ankle Sprain.43 Men’s Basketball.44 Women’s Basketball.45 Care and Prevention.46 Conclusion.47 Football.49 Concussions and their Implications.50 Statistics.52 Concussion Symptoms.54 Care and Prevention.55 Conclusion.56 Conclusion.58 References.62 MEN’S AND WOMEN’S SPORTS-RELATED INJURIES 4
Should Low Skilled Work be Subsidized

A number of countries have recently implemented variants of a negative incometax, to push the less skilled members of the economy into work, or to make workpay in comparison with welfare benefits. In most cases, these measures haveresulted for the concerned groups in a decrease of the tax rates, that remainpositive, rather than in a subsidy, in conformity with the recommendations ofthe current theory of optimal taxation. Indeed in the Mirrlees setup (continuouslabor supply or intensive margin, unobserved productivity, utilitarian planner)the marginal tax rate is non negative at the optimum.The purpose of the paper is to question this result of the theory. We studyeconomies where it is optimal to have people in the economy work more than inthe laissez-faire. We provide an example in the intensive setup. The utilitarianoptima in the extensive model seem to exhibit this property quite generally. Wehope that these results help towards providing some theoretical foundations forlow skilled work subsidy, and extending the scope of welfare to work programs.
Comparison of implicit motor learning and explicit motor learning in patients with schizophrenia

Background and Aim: Deficits in various areas such as pathways involved in motor learning and cognitive performance in schizophrenic patients is reportedly evident. The aim of the present study was to compare two types of implicit motor learning and explicit motor learning in patients with schizophrenia. Materials and methods: In the present comparative retrospective study, the sample included individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (aged 25 to 40 years) by a psychiatrist at Behravan Rehabilitation Center and Shahid Zare Hospital in Sari City. The study sample consisting of 35 patients with schizophrenia divided into explicit learning (n=18) and implicit learning (n=17) groups who were selected via convenience sampling. Serial Reaction Time (SRT) software was used for data collection and SPSS (v. 16) for data analysis running U Mann Whitney and Kalmvgraf -Smirnov tests. Results: The results of the current study showed that between the two groups of patients with implicit and explicit motor learning schizophrenia, the difference response time between the first and the eighth days was not statistically significant in the two first blogs (P> 0/05). Also, the number of errors on the first day and changes in response-time were not significantly different between the two groups of patients with implicit motor learning and explicit motor learning schizophrenia (P> 0/05). However, as for the number of errors in blogs, between the eighth blog of the first day and the second blog of the second day, there was statistically significant difference between explicit and implicit motor learning schizophrenia groups (P= 0/04). Conclusion: The study found that, in terms of learning, patients with implicit motor learning schizophrenia were a little weaker than their counterparts in explicit motor learning schizophrenia
Fashionability vis-à-vis rationality: investigating factors driving users’ e-tourism website stickiness

Understanding what drive users’ website stickiness is of strategic importance for e-tourism managers. This study examines the role of a neglected construct ‘perceived fashionability’ in forming users’ e-tourism website stickiness in comparison with four commonly studied rational factors: system quality, information quality, security and e-shopping value. Drawing upon dual-system theories and social influence theories, a conceptual model with hypotheses was developed and tested. A sample of 376 e-tourism website users in China participated in this study. The results indicate that perceived fashionability has a positive impact on user's stickiness to the website, and perceived fashionability also performs a mediating role between website security and stickiness. This study contributes to theory by explaining that website stickiness is not entirely driven by rationality but also perceived fashionability. Managerial implications for e-tourism strategies are provided.
The "right" person for the job: exploring the aesthetics of labor within the events industry.

The events industry is an underresearched section of the service sector and can be usefully understood as a “customer-orientated bureaucracy“ (Korczynski, 2002). The dual, and often contradictory, logics of customer orientation and bureaucratization coexist and place heavy demands on employees. The concept of aesthetic labor, first conceived by Warhurst, Nickson, Witz, and Cullen (2000), has been usefully applied to recruitment processes in other parts of the service sector, notably hospitality and retail, in order to understand better the complex and embodied demands required of employees in contemporary service organizations. This article presents an exploratory study into the recruitment process in the events industry in the UK. Through an analysis of online event management job advertisements, the implicit embodied attributes required of successful candidates are explored, and the underlying gendered and class-based assumptions of these corporeal dispositions are considered.