Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An ALMA 3 mm continuum census of Westerlund 1

Massive stars play an important role in both cluster and galactic evolution and the rate at which they lose mass is a key driver of both their own evolution and their interaction with the environment up to and including their terminal SNe explosions. Young massive clusters provide an ideal opportunity to study a co-eval population of massive stars, where both their individual properties and the interaction with their environment can be studied in detail. We aim to study the constituent stars of the Galactic cluster Westerlund 1 in order to determine mass-loss rates for the diverse post-main sequence population of massive stars. To accomplish this we made 3mm continuum observations with the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array. We detected emission from 50 stars in Westerlund 1, comprising all 21 Wolf-Rayets within the field of view, plus eight cool and 21 OB super-/hypergiants. Emission nebulae were associated with a number of the cool hypergiants while, unexpectedly, a number of hot stars also appear spatially resolved. We were able to measure the mass-loss rates for a unique population of massive post-main sequence stars at every stage of evolution, confirming a significant increase as stars transitioned from OB supergiant to WR states via LBV and/or cool hypergiant phases. Fortuitously, the range of spectral types exhibited by the OB supergiants provides a critical test of radiatively-driven wind theory and in particular the reality of the bi-stability jump. The extreme mass-loss rate inferred for the interacting binary Wd1-9 in comparison to other cluster members confirmed the key role binarity plays in massive stellar evolution. The presence of compact nebulae around a number of OB and WR stars is unexpected; by analogy to the cool super-/hypergiants we attribute this to confinement and sculpting of the stellar wind via interaction with the intra-cluster medium/wind. Given the morphologies of core collapse SNe depend on the nature of the pre-explosion circumstellar environment, if this hypothesis is correct then the properties of the explosion depend not just on the progenitor, but also the environment in which it is located.
Automatic Liver Segmentation with Adversarial Loss and Convolutional Neural Network

Automatic segmentation of medical images is among most demanded works in the medical information field since it saves time of the experts in the field and avoids human error factors. In this work, a method based on Conditional Adversarial Networks and Fully Convolutional Networks is proposed for the automatic segmentation of the liver MRIs. The proposed method, without any post-processing, is achieved the second place in the SIU Liver Segmentation Challenge 2018, data of which is provided by Dokuz Eyl\"ul University. In this paper, some improvements for the post-processing step are also proposed and it is shown that with these additions, the method outperforms other baseline methods.
Venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer undertaking chemotherapy

PL69The effect of malignancy and chemotherapy on thrombin generation in cancer patients. Papers and Abstracts of the 6th International Conference on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Issues in Cancer. Thrombosis Research Volume 129, Supplement 1, April 2012, Pages S187. New Zealand Society of Oncology Conference presentation PresentationVenous thromboembolism in cancer patients undertaking chemotherapy. The New Zealand Society of Oncology Conference, Tauranga, New Zealand, 23 October 2014.
MAGNETOROTATIONAL TURBULENCE IN STRATIFIED SHEARING BOXES WITH PERFECT GAS EQUATION OF STATE AND FINITE THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY

We present a numerical study of turbulence and dynamo action in stratified shearing boxes with zero mean magnetic flux. We assume that the fluid obeys the perfect gas law and has finite (constant) thermal diffusivity. The calculations begin from an isothermal state spanning three scale heights above and below the mid-plane. After a long transient the layers settle to a stationary state in which thermal losses out of the boundaries are balanced by dissipative heating. We identify two regimes. The first is a conductive regime in which the heat is transported mostly by conduction and the density decreases with height. In the limit of large thermal diffusivity this regime resembles the more familiar isothermal case. The second is the convective regime, observed at smaller values of the thermal diffusivity, in which the layer becomes unstable to overturning motions, the heat is carried mostly by advection, and the density becomes nearly constant throughout the layer. In this latter constant-density regime we observe evidence for large-scale dynamo action leading to a substantial increase in transport efficiency relative to the conductive case.
A Detour Task in Four Species of Fishes

Four species of fish (Danio rerio, Xenotoca eiseni, Carassius auratus, and Pterophyllum scalare) were tested in a detour task requiring them to temporarily abandon the view of the goal-object (a group of conspecifics) to circumvent an obstacle. Fishes were placed in the middle of a corridor, at the end of which there was an opaque wall with a small window through which the goal was visible. Midline along the corridor two symmetrical apertures allowed animals to access two compartments for each aperture. After passing the aperture, fishes showed searching behavior in the two correct compartments close to the goal, appearing able to localize it, although they had to temporarily move away from the object’s view. Here we provide the first evidence that fishes can solve such a detour task and therefore seem able to represent the “permanence in existence” of objects, which continue to exist even if they are not momentarily visible.
Energy saving technologies for urban bus transport

Reduction of non-renewable sources of energy and the ecological state of metropolises have become the cause of the search for optimal solutions for introduction of energyefficient and environmentally friendly technologies for urban bus transport, which is the purpose of this work. A review of environmentally friendly buses has shown that electric buses (electrobuses) are the most perspective. However, rapid replacement of all the buses with electrobuses is impossible because of their high cost. A comparative analysis of the operating costs of different types of buses of the same destination and class has been carried out in order to choose the optimal variant. Thus, one route of 4.23 km in length was chosen in Kharkiv (Ukraine). Experimental and calculated data showed that a minibus converted into an electrobus is the most acceptable means for urban passenger transportation. Ultra-capacitors are suggested as an energy source. The conceptual diagram of the model of such a bus is presented and the technical requirements for its components are determined. The data and proposals are useful for Ukraine and for countries with low economic development that cannot quickly replace old diesel buses with new, environmentally friendly, electrobuses. The results of this work are the basis for further research and development.
Type-constrained genetic programming for rule-base definition in fuzzy logic controllers

A genetic programming approach to fuzzy logic controller (FLC) design is presented in this paper. We propose an encoding that represents fuzzy rule-bases as type-constrained syntactic trees implemented as variable-length strings. This encoding is applied to the cart centering problem and compared with other approaches: an intuitive FLC done by hand, an FLC obtained by a traditional genetic algorithm operating on fixed length strings and the analytical optimal solution (bang-bang rule). The results of the GP model are better (158 time steps) than the intuitive solution (249 time steps) and comparable with the GA solution (149 time steps). The analytical optimal solution docks the cart in 129 time steps.
National Incident Management System ( NIMS ) Implementation Behavior

This article explains the perceived implementation behavior of counties in the United States with respect to the National Incident Management System (NIMS). The system represents a massive and historic policy mandate designed to restructure, standardize, and thereby unify the efforts of a wide variety of emergency management entities. Specifically, this study examined variables identified in the NIMS and policy literature that might influence the behavioral intentions and actual behavior of counties. This study found that three key factors limit or promote both how counties intend to implement NIMS and how they actually implement the system—policy characteristics related to NIMS, implementer views, and a measure of local capacity. One additional variable, inter-organizational characteristics, was found to influence only actual behavior. This study’s findings suggest that the purpose underlying NIMS may not be fulfilled; and, confirm what disaster research has long suggested—the potential for standardization in emergency management is limited. Disasters, by their nature, demand that diverse jurisdictions, organizations, professions, and personnel coordinate their activities. Coordination issues, often quite serious ones, re-appear in disaster after disaster. Yet, in the decades leading up to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks no single response management system had emerged, or, more importantly, been adopted in a uniform way across the United States. The 2001 terrorist attacks revealed serious shortcomings in response coordination and created the most significant window of opportunity in U.S. history to re-invent our nation’s emergency management system with the re-invention effort focusing on improving coordination.
Space and Planetary Imaging using JPEG2000

The raising demand for Digital content Rights Management (DRM), protection and security, enabling effective on-line access, exchange and trading of all types of digital media items (ranging from a simple text file to a large space or planetary image) and, at the same time, supporting global interoperability of customer devices and traded items, can only be met by a good mix of open architectures and proprietary technologies. In this paper, we present a novel integrated architecture that supports the secure handling of large remote sensing ISO JPEG2000 coded images, obtained from satellite. This effort is within the scope of further developments and new extensions for this standard, namely: Trans-coding of proprietary digital image formats used in satellite imagery, to the new JPEG2000 format; Inexpensive network clusters for parallel computing to improve the algorithmic process of coding very large digital images obtained from satellites. Coding of multi-component and multi-spectral images as well as volumetric images (JP3D); Exploration of interactive on-line image satellite catalogues (JPIP); Secure transmission, and protection of the image content based in OpenSDRM (JPSEC).
No . 960 CREDIT MARKET IMPERFECTIONS IN MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES

In this paper we document three credit market imperfections prevalent in middle income countries that can help to explain boom-bust cycles, as well as other macroeconomic patterns observed at higher frequencies across these countries. These imperfections are: the existence of financing constraints that affect mainly the nontradables sector, currency mismatch and guarantees that cover lenders against systemic crises. In MICs T-sector firms have access to international capital markets, while most N-firms are bank-dependent and are financially constrained. Systemic guarantees generate incentives for borrowers to take on insolvency risk by denominating debt in foreign currency. This currency mismatch makes movements in the real exchange rate —the relative price between N and T goods— the driving element in the amplification of shocks. JEL Code: E32, F32, G15, O16. Aaron Tornell Department of Economics University of California, Los Angeles 8283 Bunche Hall 405 Hilgard Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90024 U.S.A tornell@econ.ucla. edu. Frank Westermann CESifo (University of Munich & Ifo Institute) Poschingerstrasse 5 81679 Munich Germany westermann@cesifo.de This paper was prepared for the conference “Financial Market Development in Latin America,“ at the Center for Research on Economic Development and Policy Reform at Stanford University.
Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGSOFT workshop on Program analysis for software tools and engineering

The 6th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGSOFT Workshop on Program Analysis for Software Tools and Engineering (PASTE) was held on September 5-6, 2005 in Lisbon, Portugal. The workshop was co-located with the joint meetings of the European Software Engineering Conference (ESEC) and the ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE). The workshop received 38 submissions of which the program committee selected 17 papers for presentation.
The Reform Dilemma in Polarized Democracies

We study the feasibility and efficiency of policy reforms in democracies. We develop a simple election model where (i) reforms are costly for voters and politicians and these costs increase with the extent of policy change, and (ii) politicians differ in their ability to carry out reforms efficiently. We identify a so-called Reform Dilemma, which manifests itself in two variants. From a static perspective, low-reform-ability politicians are elected when political parties are polarized, who then impose high costs on citizens for each reform step. This property of elections arises as low reform ability is a substitute for policy commitment. From a dynamic perspective, incumbents may choose socially undesirable policies to align the social need for reform with their own reform ability and are thus re-elected regardless of their reform ability.
Mechatronics Design of a Mecanum Wheeled Mobile Robot

The Mecanum wheel was designed in Sweden in 1975. Using four of these wheels provides omni-directional movement for a vehicle without needing a conventional steering system (Muir & Neumann, 1990; Dickerson & Lapin, 1991; Braunl, 1999; Navy, USA, 2002 and Lunze & Schmid, 2002). The wheel itself consists of a hub carrying a number of free moving rollers angled at 45° about the hub's circumference. The rollers are shaped such that the overall side profile of the wheel is circular. However, wheel slip is a common problem with the Mecanum wheel, particularly when the robot moves sidewise, as it has only one roller with a single point of ground contact at any one time. This severe slippage prevents the most popular dead-reckoning method, using rotary shaft encoders (Everett, 1995 and Borenstein et al, 1996), from being performed well on the Mecanum robot. To cope with the problem, visual dead-reckoning was used as a slip-resilient sensor (Giachetti et al, 1998; Nagatani et al, 2000 and Kraut, 2002). This technique, also used in optical mice, makes use of an on-board video-camera continuously capturing frames of the ground beneath and image processing hardware on the robot determining the speed and direction in which the current frame has moved relative to the previous frame thus allowing the speed and direction of that point of reference to be calculated. However, visual dead-reckoning using a single camera or optical mouse can not provide all threedegree-of-freedom positional information for robot navigation and motion control. Fixed line following is the simplest and most reliable solution, yet is also the most limiting. A physical line is marked on the ground along the path which the robot is to follow (Everett, 1995 and Borenstein et al, 1996). For a robot that is set up in a fixed location for a set task this system is effective but for a research robot with omni-directional capability this approach is seen to be a primitive, though still viable, option. This chapter presents a research project recently completed at Massey University, New Zealand. The research started upon an existing omni-directional platform built of a boxlike aluminium chassis, four electric window winder motors and four Mecanum wheels (Phillips, 2000). The aim of this project was to provide the platform with motion control that could be programmed to accommodate various robotic behaviours specified. With respect to the path following behaviour, two optical mice were attached to give positional feedback for closed-loop control and dead-reckoning for navigation and a Mitsubishi M16C/62 microcontroller was interfaced and programmed to implement robotic behaviours. A closed-loop control in Cartesian space was proposed to control x and ymovement and rotation motions of the robot.
Adsorption of Organic Dyes from Aqueous Solution by Surfactant Modified Corn Straw

 Abstract—The modification of adsorbent with a cationic surfactant is an effective and inexpensive method to enhance sorption capability of adsorbent. In this study, raw corn straw, modified with a cationic surfactant, tetradecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide was used as adsorbent for dye removal from aqueous solution. The modification caused surface properties of the adsorbent altered from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. To comprehend the modification, the physical property of adsorbents was characterized by BET surface analysis, FTIR-spectra and SEM images. The adsorption of two organic dyes namely blue21 and yellow20 on the modified adsorbent has been investigated in three batch adsorption experiments. Firstly, kinetic study was performed. It was found that the equilibrium time was at 180 min and the kinetic data obeyed pseudo-second order kinetic model. Secondly, the effect of the pH solution was investigated. It was found that the adsorption capacity decreased at a low level with increase in the solution pH. Finally, the adsorption isotherms experiment was conducted and the equilibrium adsorption data was fitted into Langmuir and Freudlich isotherms and the system followed only the Freulich equation. From the above result, the corn straw modified by cationic surfactant is an effective adsorbent for removal of the organic dyes from aqueous solution.
TITLE : Allomorphy advantage in word recognition

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the recognition speed of Finnish nominal base forms varies as a function of their paradigmatic complexity (stem allomorphy) or productivity status. Nikolaev et al. (2014) showed that words with greater stem allomorphy from an unproductive inflectional class are recognized faster than words with lower stem allomorphy from a productive inflectional class. Productivity of an inflectional paradigm correlates with the degree of stem allomorphs in languages like Finnish in that unproductive inflectional classes tend to have higher stem allomorphy. We wanted to distinguish which of these two characteristics provides the benefit to speed of recognition found by Nikolaev et al. (2014). The current study involved a lexical decision task comparing three categories of words: unproductive with three or more stem allomorphs, unproductive with two stem allomorphs, and productive with two stem allomorphs. We observed a facilitation effect for word recognition only for unproductive words with three or more stem allomorphs, but not for unproductive words with two allomorphs. This effect was observed particularly in words of low to moderate familiarity. The findings suggest that high stem allomorphy, rather than productivity of the inflectional class, is driving the facilitation effect in word recognition.
Monetary Policy Autonomy in European Non-Euro Countries, 1980–2005

We argue that the European currency union (ECU) reduced the de facto monetary policy autonomy of EU countries abstaining from introducing the euro. The large share of imports from euro zone countries renders a close alignment of monetary policy to the interest rate set by the European Central Bank (ECB) necessary if the monetary authorities of countries outside the ECU want to impede the import of inflation from the euro zone or a declining competitiveness of the domestic industry. In turn, the increasing role of the euro as an international reserve medium equal to the US dollar reduced the monetary policy autonomy of countries importing more goods and services from the euro zone than from the dollar zone. An empirical analysis of monetary policy in the United Kingdom, Denmark and Sweden lends support to our theoretical argument. Analysing the shortterm adjustments of central bank interest rates in these three EU countries, which did not introduce the euro, we show that these countries' monetary policies more closely follow the ECB's policy than they followed the Bundesbank's policy before 1994. In addition, we demonstrate the diminishing influence of the dollar on monetary policy in the UK, Denmark and Sweden since the countries of the Economic and Monetary Union harmonized monetary policies.
Researching Changing Language Learning Identities for Ethnic Minority Education Policy Formulation: A Case Study of Macau S.A.R., China

In this paper the authors discuss preliminary findings from research on language learning identities of ethnic minority groups for education policy formulation. The research aims to identify and interpret changing language identities, preferences, modes of learning, and discourse affected by the transformation of the economic, social, and cultural environment of Macau since the territory was designated as a Special Administrative Region (S.A.R.) following the return of sovereignty from Portugal to China in 1999. The research is particularly concerned with identifying the perceptions held by ethnic minorities of the determinants for achievement and success in an education system polarized by language preference and priority. The case of the cross-cultural identity of the ‘Macanese’ is presented as a preliminary study to inform education policy and advocate further research on ethnic minorities in Macau.
A captured island chain in the coast range of Oregon and Washington

K-Ar and 40Ar−39Ar geochronologic data reveal the Paleocene to Eocene eruptive history of volcanic centers which produced the basaltic basement rocks of the Coast Range of Oregon and Washington. Volcanism was short lived at each center and migrated with time from the northern and southern ends toward the center, near the present mouth of the Columbia River. A plot of crystallization ages against geographic location produces a distinct V-shaped pattern. An origin by hot spot volcanism centered on or near a spreading ridge in early Tertiary time best explains the observed age distribution. Limited geochemical data support this model, as the basalts exhibit attributes of both spreading ridge and hot spot-related volcanism. Icelandic volcanism may be a presentday analog. Absolute motion modeling shows that the Yellowstone hot spot could have generated an island chain with approximately the correct paleoazimuth and volcanic propagation rate. Shortly after formation, this oceanic volcanic lineament collided with North America and rotated into its present marginal setting. The western edge of North America subsequently crossed over the hot spot, perhaps triggering late Eocene to Oligocene volcanism in the Coast Range, the Miocene Columbia River basalts in eastern Washington and Oregon and most recently, the basalts of the Snake River Plain and the Yellowstone area.
Targeting DNA Repair Mechanisms to Treat Glioblastoma

effective in inhibiting catalytic activity, these clinically relevant PARP inhibitors differ markedly in their potency to induce cytotoxic PARP-DNA complexes. The indicated that, the potency in trapping PARP differed markedly among inhibitors with niraparib (MK-4827) > olaparib (AZD-2281) >> veliparib (ABT-888), a pattern not correlated with the catalytic inhibitory properties for each drug and suggested that further PARP inhibitor studies should examine both aspects, catalytic inhibition and DNA trapping, in inhibitor evaluation [100].