Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From the Eyes of the Beholder: Alcohol Expectancies and Valuations as Predictors of Hazardous Drinking Behaviors among Female College Students

Research has shown that drinking expectancies are associated with alcohol use among college students; however, the bulk of these studies have focused exclusively on researcher-labeled “positive” or “negative” expectancies rather than on the student's valuation (i.e., rating of desirability) of these expectancies. The present study examined the utility of expectancies and valuations in predicting hazardous alcohol use in a sample of 330 female college students (mean age = 20.0; 18–25). Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that negative expectancies and favorable valuations of negative and positive expectancies were predictive of elevated hazardous use (controlling for age, athletic membership, and peer use). Expectancy valuations accounted for additional variance in the model beyond that of expectancies. The present findings shed light on the utility of expectancies and valuations of expectancies in predicting hazardous alcohol use among female college students. Future research directions and potential implications for prevention efforts are discussed.
Why do protein architectures have boltzmann‐like statistics?

A theoretical study has shown that the occurrence of various structural elements in stable folds of random copolymers is exponentially dependent on the own energy of the element. A similar occurrence‐on‐energy dependence is observed in globular proteins1 from the level of amino acid conformations to the level of overall architectures. Thus, the structural features stabilized by many random sequences are typical of globular proteins while the features rarely observed in proteins are those which are stabilized by only a minor part of the random sequences. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy presenting as hepatic encephalopathy at 28 weeks' gestation

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is an uncommon gestational disease that usually presents at or near term with gastrointestinal symptoms progressing to hepatic failure. It is characterised by fatty microvesicular infiltration of hepatocytes with progressive loss of liver function (Ober and LeCompte 1955; Knox and Olans 1996; Usta et al. 1994; Castro et al. 1999). In the past, AFLP was associated with a high maternal and/or neonatal mortality. Improved recognition of the serious import of persistent nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain beginning late in pregnancy, and improved imaging able to detect fatty infiltration of the liver, has transformed the clinical care and course of AFLP so that it is now an uncommon cause of maternal and neonatal mortality (Castro et al. 1999). We present a patient with reversible liver failure, a history that suggested multiple possible causes for her acute illness, and an unusual presentation of acute liver failure during pregnancy in that it presented well before term, with rapid fulminant hepatic failure leading to metabolic acidosis, hepatic encephalopathy, and fetal demise, and was followed by rapid maternal recovery after delivery.
Health-Related Quality of Life in a Randomized Phase III Study of Bevacizumab, Temozolomide, and Radiotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma.

PURPOSE As glioblastoma progresses, patients experience a decline in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Delaying this decline is an important treatment goal. In newly diagnosed glioblastoma, progression-free survival was prolonged when bevacizumab was added to radiotherapy plus temozolomide (RT/TMZ) versus placebo plus RT/TMZ (phase III AVAglio study; hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.74; P < .001). To ensure that addition of bevacizumab to standard-of-care therapy was not associated with HRQoL detriment, HRQoL assessment was a secondary objective. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients completed European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires C30 and BN20 at each tumor assessment (Appendix Table A1, online only). Raw scores were converted to a 100-point scale and mean changes from baseline scores were evaluated (stable: < 10-point change; clinically relevant deterioration/improvement: ≥ 10-point change). Deterioration-free survival was the time to deterioration/progression/death; time to deterioration was the time to deterioration/death. RESULTS Most evaluable patients who had not progressed (> 74%) completed all HRQoL assessments for at least 1 year of treatment, and almost all completed at least one HRQoL assessment at baseline (98.3% and 97.6%, bevacizumab and placebo arms, respectively). Mean changes from baseline did not reach a clinically relevant difference between arms for most items. HRQoL declined at progression in both arms. The addition of bevacizumab to RT/TMZ resulted in statistically longer (P < .001) deterioration-free survival across all items. Time to deterioration was not statistically longer in the placebo plus RT/TMZ arm (v bevacizumab) for any HRQoL item. CONCLUSION The addition of bevacizumab to standard-of-care treatment for newly diagnosed glioblastoma had no impact on HRQoL during the progression-free period.
Voltage stability estimation based on approximate model and voltage measurement

The paper presents method of voltage stability margin estimation based on approximate model and measurements of the node voltage. The first part contains basic information about Thevenin model and methods of parameters of this model calculation. In second part, method of voltage stability margin estimation using approximate model and measurements of voltage is described. For the simulations, the 14-bus IEEE test model was implemented in ATP-EMTP software. Basing on this model the impact of configuration changes on the variations of Thevenin parameters can be determined. This information and voltage measurements allow to calculating range of voltage stability changes. Additionally, determined Thevenin model was used to calculate variations of stability margin for different types of load.
&agr;2A Adrenoceptors Contribute to Feedback Inhibition of Capsaicin-induced Hyperalgesia

Background:Studies on receptor knockout mice have so far shown that of the three &agr;2-adrenoceptor subtypes, the &agr;2A adrenoceptor has a major role in mediating the powerful central analgesia induced by synthetic &agr;2-adrenoceptor agonists. However, because a knockout of the gene for the &agr;2A adrenoceptor has produced only little if any change in the pain sensitivity of control, nerve-injured, or inflamed animals, it has not been clear whether activation of &agr;2A-adrenoceptors by endogenous ligands has a significant pain regulatory role. Methods:The authors assessed spontaneous pain behavior and mechanical hypersensitivity induced by administration of capsaicin in the colon or paw of &agr;2A-adrenoceptor knockout mice versus their wild-type controls. Results:Enhanced pain hypersensitivity was observed in &agr;2A-adrenoceptor knockout mice 20 min or more after administration of capsaicin, but before, hypersensitivity and spontaneous pain were of equal magnitude in &agr;2A-adrenoceptor knockout and wild-type mice. When wild-type mice were pretreated with an &agr;2-adrenoceptor antagonist, capsaicin-induced pain hypersensitivity increased to a level equal to that in &agr;2A-adrenoceptor knockout mice. Capsaicin-induced hypersensitivity was suppressed in wild-type but not &agr;2A-adrenoceptor knockout mice by a centrally acting &agr;2-adrenoceptor agonist, whereas a peripherally acting &agr;2-adrenoceptor agonist was without effect on hypersensitivity, although it attenuated capsaicin-induced spontaneous pain behavior in wild-type mice. Conclusions:This study shows that central &agr;2A-adrenoceptors contribute to feedback inhibition of pain hypersensitivity. Also, &agr;2A-adrenoceptors are critical for not only somatic but also visceral antinociceptive effects induced by synthetic &agr;2-adrenoceptor agonists.
CIST@CLSciSumm-17: Multiple Features Based Citation Linkage, Classification and Summarization

This paper describes our methods and experiments applied for CLSciSumm-17. We try Convolutional Neural Network, word vectors and sentence similarities for citation linkage. For facet classification, we explore more useful features, rules, SVM and Fusion method. We use the linear combination of five classical features and DPPs based diversity sampling method to compute the structured summary. Test-data results show that we obtain the best performance for both facet classification and summarization.
Isolation rearing induces recognition memory deficits accompanied by cytoskeletal alterations in rat hippocampus

Social isolation from weaning affects hippocampal structure and function in the rat. The intrinsic dynamic instability of the cytoskeletal microtubular system is essential for neuronal development and organization. Accordingly, the present paper investigated the effects of social isolation on hippocampal levels of α‐tubulin isoforms associated with microtubule dynamics, the dendritic marker MAP‐2 and alterations in locomotor activity and recognition memory. Male Lister Hooded rats (postnatal day 25–28) were housed either in groups or singly (isolated animals) for 30 days. Locomotor activity in a novel arena and novel object recognition were monitored in activity boxes. The hippocampus was dissected out 18 h after the novel object recognition task. Levels of α‐tubulin isoforms and MAP‐2 were analysed using Western blots. The experiments were conducted in duplicate, using two batches of rats obtained from different suppliers. Isolated animals were hyperactive and showed recognition memory deficits in the novel object recognition task. These behavioural alterations were accompanied by specific alterations in hippocampal α‐tubulin isoforms and decreased MAP‐2 expression. The results confirm that rearing rats in isolation produces hyperactivity and cognitive deficits. The behavioural alterations were accompanied by hippocampal cytoskeletal changes consistent with microtubule stabilization, and by decreased MAP‐2 expression. These findings are indicative of an abnormal development of synaptic connections and/or reductions in neuronal cell number. The developmental structural abnormalities in the hippocampus may contribute to the cognitive impairments which result from isolation rearing in rats.
Collaborative-Representation-Based Nearest Neighbor Classifier for Hyperspectral Imagery

Novel collaborative representation (CR)-based nearest neighbor (NN) algorithms are proposed for hyperspectral image classification. The proposed methods are based on a CR computed by an ℓ2-norm minimization with a Tikhonov regularization matrix. More specific, a testing sample is represented as a linear combination of all the training samples, and the weights for representation are estimated by an ℓ2-norm minimization-derived closed-form solution. In the first strategy, the label of a testing sample is determined by majority voting of those with k largest representation weights. In the second strategy, local within-class CR is considered as an alternative, and the testing sample is assigned to the class producing the minimum representation residual. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms achieve better performance than several previous algorithms, such as the original k-NN classifier and the local mean-based NN classifier.
Improved designs of tunable ferroelectric capacities for microwave applications

Epitaxial SrTiO3 films are deposited by on-axis magnetron sputtering on CeO2-buffered r-cut sapphire. The ferroelectric films possess low losses (e.g., tan δ≈0.001–0.004 at 300 K) and a large tunability at small electric fields. Different complex designs for ferroelectric capacities are prepared via dry etching ranging from standard designs to those in which the ferroelectric material is restricted to the gap of the capacity. The resulting capacity data can be explained in terms of an analytic model for parallel capacities. Due to modifications and optimization of the design, the quality factors for an improved capacity design exceeds the requirement for most applications K>45 already for extremely small voltages U≈18 V, which demonstrates the good properties of the design in combination with the quality of our ferroelectric films.
Novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands for Type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome

As the incidence of Type 2 diabetes has reached near epidemic proportions, the quest for novel therapies to combat this disorder has intensified dramatically. In recent years, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family has received tremendous attention as perhaps an ideal target class to address the multiple metabolic anomalies associated with the diabetic state. This review focuses on a variety of novel PPAR approaches currently being investigated for Type 2 diabetes or the metabolic syndrome, including the highly potent selective PPAR agonists, PPAR combination agonists and alternative PPAR ligands.
Childhood Leukemia Development and Correlation with Traffic Air Pollution in Taiwan using Nitrogen Dioxide as an Air Pollutant Marker

To investigate the relationship between traffic air pollution and development of childhood leukemia (14 yr of age or younger), studies were conducted on a matched cancer case-control cohort using childhood deaths that occurred in Taiwan from 1995 through 2005. Data on all eligible childhood leukemia deaths were obtained from the Bureau of Vital Statistics of the Taiwan Provincial Department of Health. The control group consisted of children who died from causes other than neoplasms or from diseases that were not associated with respiratory complications. The controls were pair matched to the cases by gender, year of birth, and year of death. Each matched control was selected randomly from the set of possible controls for each case. Air quality data for recorded concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from study municipalities for 1995–2005 were obtained as an indicator of a subject's exposure to air emissions from motor vehicles. The subjects were divided into tertiles according to the levels of NO2 in their residential municipality. The results showed that there was a significant exposure-response relationship between exposure to traffic exhaust pollutants and the risk of leukemia among young children after controlling for possible confounders. The findings of this study warrant further investigation of the role of traffic air pollution in the etiology of childhood leukemia.
Coalition-proof payment plan in delegation of design verification in public works

This paper considers three-tier hierarchy including a principal who delegates both a design of public work and its verification work, an agent to whom a principal delegates the design work, and an inspector to whom a principal delegates the design verification. This paper includes two types of coalitions; one is that an agent offers a bribe to an inspector to abstain from checking the design drawing, dissatisfying the principal's performance requirement to save the design cost (Type1), and the other is that an agent offers a bribe to an inspector to conceal the verifiable evidence showing inadequate design drawing (Type2). It is shown that Type 1 coalition is more critical for a principal in the case where a principal selects an agent and an inspector simultaneously. In addition, we compared the case where a principal selects an agent and an inspector simultaneously with the one where a principal selects an inspector after an agent produces a design drawing. It is shown that the total payment to an agent and an inspector become lower in the latter case.
Vererbungsalgorithmen von semantischen Eigenschaften auf Assoziationsgrafen und deren Nutzung zur Klassifikation von natürlichsprachlichen Daten

An input word is recognized as one of a set of reference words. A set of word distance signals representative of the correspondence of the input word to the reference words is generated. A set of weighted word distance signals is also generated. Responsive to the word distance signals and the weighted word distance signals, the reference word that most closely corresponds to the input word is selected.
Numerical modeling of gyroscopic effect in bidirectional ultrafast Erbium-doped fibre laser

We demonstrate the numerical model which allows investigation of gyroscopic effect in hybrid mode-locked bidirectional Erbium-doped fibre ring laser. The model is based on transport theory with accounting of dispersion, gain in EDFA and saturable absorption. The predictions of gyroscopic effect are also presented for the particular laser cavity.
COMPARISON OF TWO MICROENVIRONMENTS AND NURSE CAREGIVING ON THERMAL STABILITY OF ELBW INFANTS

PURPOSEThis study tested a novel bioinstrumented radiant warmer (RW), designed to provide a reduced-intervention nursing caregiving environment (RINCE) on the ambient and body surface temperature stability of extremely low birth-weight (ELBW) infants (<1,000 g) during caregiver disruptions. The RINCE was compared with a control bed consisting of a standard RW, modified with a Plexiglas hood (Rohm and Haas, Philadelphia, PA) and an external humidity source. SUBJECTSThe sample consisted of 10 extremely low birth-weight infants. The mean gestational age was 25.7 weeks (±1.4 weeks). Birth weight ranged from 570 to 880 g; mean birth weight was 730 g (±95.14 g). The mean Scores for Neonatal Acute Physiology was 21.4 (±6). DESIGNThis clinical study used a small n sample, crossover time-series design. Infants were randomized to treatment order (control bed v RINCE) on the first day of life. A washout period between microenvironments was observed, and then each infant was placed into the other condition. METHODSEach infant was studied for 5 hours in each treatment condition (control bed v RINCE). Abdominal skin temperatures, heel temperatures, ambient temperatures, and relative humidity (RH) were recorded by a computerized data acquisition system every 60 seconds for hours 12 to 24 of life. Caregiver interventions, microenvironment disruptions, or both were manually coded in the data set. PRINCIPAL RESULTSThe mean number of minutes abdominal temperatures were less than 36.5°C was not significantly different in either microenvironment (P = 0.48). The mean number of minutes that heel temperatures were less than 35.2°C and central-peripheral differences were greater than 2°C was significantly less in the RINCE (P < 0.04 and P < 0.001, respectively). Although the number and duration of caregiving disruptions (P = 0.71), number of procedures (P = 0.30), and the duration of interventions (P = 0.56) were not significantly different in either environment, the ambient air-temperature (P < 0.001) and RH (P < 0.001) were significantly less variable in the RINCE during and after caregiving disruptions. CONCLUSIONSThis study identified the extreme interdependence of the ELBW infant's temperature and the ambient environment. The RINCE significantly improved ambient temperature variability, RH variability, and the infant's peripheral and delta temperature (ΔT) stability, particularly during and after caregiver disruptions.
A low power variable gain wideband low noise amplifier

A low power variable gain wideband low noise amplifier (LPVG-LNA) was designed in this paper by using active inductor and multiple current reuse circuit structures. At the input stage of LPVG-LNA, a noise canceling structure and an active inductor were employed to reduce noise figure and to realize input matching and gain tuning respectively. At the middle stage, three common-emitter amplifier was utilized to realize high gain. Furthermore, current reuse technique is used at input stage and middle stage respectively to reduce power consumption. At the output stage, an emitter follower was adopted to achieve output matching. Based on WIN 0. 2μm GaAs HBT technology, the proposed LPVG-LNA was verified. The results show that in the frequency range of 1-3GHz, the LPVG-LNA has the gain (S21) of over 37.56dB, the maximum gain tuning range of 4.22dB, the input return loss (S11) of less than -7.06dB, the output return loss (S22) of less than -18.52dB, the noise figure (NF) of less than 4.6dB, the stability factor (k) of over 10.68. The static power dissipation of the LPVG-LNA is less than 35mW under the operation voltage of 5V.
An energy-optimized (37840, 34320) symmetric BC-BCH decoder for healthy mobile storages

This paper presents an energy-efficient symmetric block-wise concatenated-BCH (SBC-BCH) decoder architecture for energy-starving mobile storages. The proposed 4KB SBC-BCH code remarkably enhances the hard-decision-based error-correcting performance to defer the energy-consuming memorysensing operations for generating the soft-decision values, which are necessary to prolong the lifetime of flash memories. Thanks to the proposed powerful hard-decision code, the energy-efficient healthy memory condition is extended by 1.4 times. In addition, we introduce design methods for realizing the energy-efficiency SBC-BCH decoder. For example, the syndrome tracking allows the early start of the next decoding process, and the reordered Chien search minimizes the wasted waiting periods. Based on the proposed schemes, targeting the recent NAND flash memories, a prototype (37840, 34320) SBC-BCH decoder is realized in 65nm CMOS process. The prototype decoder achieves a throughput of 12.5 Gb/s while providing an energy efficiency of 3.56pJ/b, which is superior to the state-of-the-art ECC solutions for storages.
Randomized trial of vitamin supplements in relation to transmission of HIV-1 through breastfeeding and early child mortality

Background: HIV-1 transmission through breastfeeding is a global problem and has been associated with poor maternal micronutrient status. Methods: A total of 1078 HIV-infected pregnant women from Tanzania were randomly assigned to vitamin A or multivitamins excluding A from approximately 20 weeks’ gestation and throughout lactation. Results: Multivitamins excluding A had no effect on the total risk of HIV-1 transmission (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.82–1.32, P = 0.76). Vitamin A increased the risk of transmission (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09–1.76, P = 0.009). Multivitamins were associated with non-statistically significant reductions in transmission through breastfeeding, and mortality by 24 months among those alive and not infected at 6 weeks. Multivitamins significantly reduced breastfeeding transmission in infants of mothers with low baseline lymphocyte counts (RR 0.37; 95% CI 0.16–0.85, P = 0.02) compared with infants of mothers with higher counts (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.68–1.45, P = 0.97; P-for-interaction 0.03). Multivitamins also protected against transmission among mothers with a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P-for-interaction 0.06), low hemoglobin (P-for-interaction 0.06), and low birthweight babies (P-for-interaction 0.04). Multivitamins reduced death and prolonged HIV-free survival significantly among children born to women with low maternal immunological or nutritional status. Vitamin A alone increased breastfeeding transmission but had no effect on mortality by 24 months. Conclusion: Vitamin A increased the risk of HIV-1 transmission. Multivitamin (B, C, and E) supplementation of breastfeeding mothers reduced child mortality and HIV-1 transmission through breastfeeding among immunologically and nutritionally compromised women. The provision of these supplements to HIV-infected lactating women should be considered.