Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Electricity Crisis on FDI in Pakistan

The main intention of this paper is to check the impact of electricity crisis on foreign direct investment inflow in Pakistan. Secondary data from world development indicator and energy book with a sample of 13 years from 2001 to 2013 is taken. Unit root analysis for making data stationary and OLS method are employed in Eviews to determine the impact of electricity crisis on FDI inflow in Pakistan. Results indicate that there is a negative and significant relationship between electricity crisis and FDI inflow in Pakistan. This paper also shows that due to electricity shortfall foreign investors are discourage and ultimately there is decline in FDI inflow in Pakistan after 2005.
No Association between Cortical Gyrification or Intrinsic Curvature and Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have highlighted subcortical, cortical, and structural connectivity abnormalities associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Gyrification investigations of the cortex have been inconsistent and largely negative, potentially due to a lack of sensitivity of the previously used morphological parameters. The innovative approach of applying intrinsic curvature analysis, which is predictive of gyrification pattern, to the cortical surface applied herein allowed us greater sensitivity to determine whether the structural connectivity abnormalities thus far identified at a centimeter scale also occur at a millimeter scale within the cortical surface. This could help identify neurodevelopmental processes that contribute to ADHD. Structural MRI datasets from the NeuroIMAGE project were used [n = 306 ADHD, n = 164 controls, and n = 148 healthy siblings of individuals with ADHD (age in years, mean(sd); 17.2 (3.4), 16.8 (3.2), and 17.7 (3.8), respectively)]. Reconstructions of the cortical surfaces were computed with FreeSurfer. Intrinsic curvature (taken as a marker of millimeter-scale surface connectivity) and local gyrification index were calculated for each point on the surface (vertex) with Caret and FreeSurfer, respectively. Intrinsic curvature skew and mean local gyrification index were extracted per region; frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, cingulate, and insula. A generalized additive model was used to compare the trajectory of these measures between groups over age, with sex, scanner site, total surface area of hemisphere, and familiality accounted for. After correcting for sex, scanner site, and total surface area no group differences were found in the developmental trajectory of intrinsic curvature or local gyrification index. Despite the increased sensitivity of intrinsic curvature, compared to gyrification measures, to subtle morphological abnormalities of the cortical surface we found no milimeter-scale connectivity abnormalities associated with ADHD.
Classification Systems for Trigeminal Neuralgia and Quantification of Facial Pain

Trigeminal neuralgia is a rare syndrome classically described as brief paroxysms of severe, lancinating facial pain along a unilateral trigeminal nerve distribution. Numerous clinical presentations of trigeminal neuralgia exist, with various distinct etiologies. Several classification schemes have been designed for clinical and research Classification Systems for Trigeminal Neuralgia and Quantification of Facial Pain
Dental Approach in Individuals with Loeys-Dietz Syndrome: A Mini Review

Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a connective tissue disease which develops due to the mutations in the genes synthesizing TFG-beta receptors. Hypertelorism, cleft palate with bifid uvula and arterial/aortic aneurysms are the 3 basic elements of the disease forming a triad. Considering oral and maxillofacial findings in individuals with Loeys-Dietz syndrome, the responsibility of dentist is very important both in diagnosis of syndrome and in treatment. In the literature, there has been no publication of a dental approach to LDS and it is expected that this publication may be a guide to dentists for the syndrome. Introduction Loeys-Dietz syndrome is a rare disease with autosomal dominant inheritance. The disease results from a heterozygous mutation in the TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 genes affecting the connective tissues [1,2]. It was described by Loeys and Dietz in 2005 for the first time [1]. The classical triad of the syndrome consists of
Comparison of endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection in the treatment of flat neoplastic lesions in the rectum

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a method used for en bloc removal of colorectal lesions > 20 mm. A comparison of ESD and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in the treatment of rectal flat neoplastic lesions is reported. A total of 27 and 30 patients were included in ESD and EMR group, respectively. En bloc resection was achieved in 21(78 %) vs. 2(7 %), (p < 0,005) while perforation not requiring surgery occurred in 3(11 %) vs. 0 (p= 0,099) and local residual neoplasia in 2(9 %) vs. 9 (41 %) cases (p = 0,017). There was no procedure related letality in either group. ESD seems to be a promising method for the treatment of rectal neoplastic lesions.
Comparison of long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic gastrectomy and open gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer: A retrospective cohort study

Recently, laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) has been widely used to treat early gastric cancer (EGC). Various reports have established the short-term and long-term benefits of LG for EGC with 5-year survival rates exceeding 95% [1-4]. In addition, several publications have described the short-term and long-term outcomes of LG with D2 lymphadenectomy in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) as equivalent to those of open gastrectomy (OG) [5-10]. However, the indications for LG as treatment for AGC still remain controversial. There are several concerns about the technical feasibility and safety of LG for AGC and the lack of studies showing the longterm oncologic outcomes with sufficient follow-up periods. The aim of the current study was to investigate the oncologic outcomes, including disease-free survival (DFS) rate, overall survival (OS) rate, and prognostic factors of survival, of patients undergoing LG vs. OG.
Research of Low-Rank Representation and Discriminant Correlation Analysis for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis

As population aging is becoming more common worldwide, applying artificial intelligence into the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is critical to improve the diagnostic level in recent years. In early diagnosis of AD, the fusion of complementary information contained in multimodality data (e.g., magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)) has obtained enormous achievement. Detecting Alzheimer's disease using multimodality data has two difficulties: (1) there exists noise information in multimodal data; (2) how to establish an effective mathematical model of the relationship between multimodal data? To this end, we proposed a method named LDF which is based on the combination of low-rank representation and discriminant correlation analysis (DCA) to fuse multimodal datasets. Specifically, the low-rank representation method is used to extract the latent features of the submodal data, so the noise information in the submodal data is removed. Then, discriminant correlation analysis is used to fuse the submodal data, so the complementary information can be fully utilized. The experimental results indicate the effectiveness of this method.
A qualitative evaluation of healthy weight services in a local authority in England

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the healthy weight services in one local authority in England, where obesity levels have been above the national average since 2006. Design: We conducted process and outcome evaluation using a qualitative methodology. Data were generated in focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews with clients, practitioners, healthcare professionals and volunteers. Results: A total of 91 individuals from six services participated in the evaluation. Staff competencies and empowerment outcomes were identified as areas of strength. However, despite examples of excellent practice and enthusiastic recommendations from clients, access and referral processes were areas of weakness. Conclusion: In England, local authorities have an important role to play in tackling obesity. It is crucial that they are provided with the tools to be able to implement healthy weight interventions effectively. A whole-systems approach presents a real opportunity for staff in local authorities and public health to work collaboratively and innovatively towards the same goal of continuous improvement in obesity management.
Efficacy of Neuromuscular Training on Pain, Balance and Function in Patients with Grade I and II Knee Osteoarthritis

Aim: To assess and compare the effect of conventional ex ercise program alone (conventional group) with conventional exercise pro gram in conjunction with neuromuscular training (experimental group) in pati ents with knee osteoarthritis. Method: Forty patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to two treatment groups for 12 sessions: Group A-Conventional exerci s s group and Group B-Experimental group.Patients in both the groups were assessed on outcome measures of knee pain, knee range, muscle strength, balance parameters, knee in stab lity and function pre-treatment, 2 weeks and 4 weeks post treatment. Results: On between group comparisons, there were no differences in pain, knee range of motion, isometri c knee and hip muscle strength and end point excursion in balance. However, there was stat istically greater improvement in function and some components of balance in the expe rimental group when compared to conventional group. Conclusion: Hence it is beneficial to add neuromuscular traini ng to conventional exercise program in patients with knee ost oarthritis. Ganjave Pranita D MPT School of Physiotherapy D.Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, India E-mail: pranitaganjave@gmail.com Dabholkar Twinkle Professor School of Physiotherapy D.Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, India E-mail: twinkledabholkar@rediffmail.com
Prevalence and Pattern of Tobacco use among Young Adults Attending a Tertiary care Hospital in Central India

Introduction: Changing lifestyle in the present era is engulfing the youth in risky behavioural practises prepondering themselves to the morbidities once thought of old age.Tobacco intake is one of these risk factors. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and pattern of tobacco use among young adults (15 to 24 years) attending a tertiary care centre of Central India. Methods: One to one interview was conducted with the participants who consented. Tobacco use was categorised as ever used, current use or never used. Results: A total of 954 participated in the study with a mean age of about 19 years. About 30% of the participants had ever used any tobacco product while 16% were current users, initiating it at around 12-13 years of age. Use was higher among males while females were exclusively using smokeless tobacco products. Among smoked form cigarette (64%) is the most consumed product while hooka is the least (7%). Kharra is the most commonly used smokeless tobacco product. Conclusion: Use of tobacco products among youth is rising and becoming a major public health concern. The habit of tobacco use starts usually from the initial years of adulthood, targeted efforts must be directed towards our youth so as to avert them.
A Study of Estimation of Depression and Anxiety in ChronicMedical Illnesses – Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, SystemicHypertension and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

BACKGROUND : The relationship between mental health illnesses and chronic physical conditions are significant. Comorbid depression and anxiety is a risk factor for increased severity of the chronic illness because of non-adherence with the treatment and related complications and is also associated with increased frequency of hospitalizations, increased morbidity and increased mortality. The prompt diagnosis of depression and anxiety in chronic diseases is mandatory in optimizing the management and in understanding the cause of the illness. METHODS : 60 patients for each group (DM, SHT, COPD) from respective OPD by consecutive sampling were selected and studied for sociodemographic and clinical variables using various scales. The reports were analysed statistically. RESULTS : 19.4 % of study population showed depressive symptoms and among them mild depression 6.1% (n=11): moderate depression 9.4% (n=17) and severe depression 3.9% (n=7). The prevalence of depressive symptoms is more among COPD group (28.4%) followed by DM (23.3%) and SHT (6.7%). 18.9 % of study population showed anxiety features and among them mild to moderate 8.3% (n=15): moderate to severe 8.3% (n=15) and 2.2% (n=4) very severe anxiety. The prevalence of anxiety features is more among COPD group (23.4%) followed by DM ( 21.7 %) and SHT (13.4 % ). CONCLUSIONS : This research throws light on the prevalence of anxiety and depression in DM, SHT and COPD suggesting other avenues of research in multiple angles of thinking. The potential implications from this study would help us to formulate treatment protocols and concentrate on the comprehensive care. Future studies should concentrate more on sampling a larger population and an exploratory study to understand various mediators and moderators of anxiety and depression in DM, SHT and COPD should be considered.
Reduced Pulmonary Clearance of Endothelin-1 Contributes to the Increase of Circulating Levels in Heart Failure Secondary to Myocardial Infarction

Background—The pulmonary vascular bed is a major site for endothelin-1 (ET-1) clearance. A reduced clearance could contribute to the increase in circulating ET-1 levels found in heart failure (HF). We therefore evaluated the effect of HF on pulmonary ET-1 clearance and on plasma ET-1 concentrations. Methods and Results—Rats with myocardial infarction (n=24) were compared with sham-operated rats (n=22). The lungs were isolated and perfused at a constant flow rate of 10 mL/min. Pulmonary ET-1 clearance was measured by the single-bolus indicator-dilution technique with 125I-labeled ET-1. Infarct rats developed HF with mild pulmonary hypertension. ET-1 extraction was reduced by HF from 63±1.5% to 41±4.5% (mean±SEM, P<0.001). Mixed venous (MV) and aortic ET-1 levels doubled with HF. There was a plasma ET-1 gradient across the lungs of sham rats (MV−aortic levels, 0.21±0.12 pg/mL) but not in lungs of HF rats (0.01±0.17 pg/mL). Plasma ET-1 levels correlated closely and inversely with ET-1 extraction (P<0.001). C.
Aflatoxin-free transgenic maize using host-induced gene silencing

Suppression of an Aspergillus biosynthetic enzyme effectively alleviates aflatoxin production in transgenic maize kernels. Aflatoxins, toxic secondary metabolites produced by some Aspergillus species, are a universal agricultural economic problem and a critical health issue. Despite decades of control efforts, aflatoxin contamination is responsible for a global loss of millions of tons of crops each year. We show that host-induced gene silencing is an effective method for eliminating this toxin in transgenic maize. We transformed maize plants with a kernel-specific RNA interference (RNAi) gene cassette targeting the aflC gene, which encodes an enzyme in the Aspergillus aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway. After pathogen infection, aflatoxin could not be detected in kernels from these RNAi transgenic maize plants, while toxin loads reached thousands of parts per billion in nontransgenic control kernels. A comparison of transcripts in developing aflatoxin-free transgenic kernels with those from nontransgenic kernels showed no significant differences between these two groups. These results demonstrate that small interfering RNA molecules can be used to silence aflatoxin biosynthesis in maize, providing an attractive and precise engineering strategy that could also be extended to other crops to improve food security.
Diagnostic Use of Serum Deoxyribonuclease I Activity as a Novel Early-Phase Marker in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background— The delayed release of serum cardiac markers such as creatine kinase isoenzyme MB and equivocal early electrocardiographic changes have hampered a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the early phase after its onset. Therefore, a reliable serum biochemical marker for the diagnosis of AMI in the very early phase is desirable. Methods and Results— Serum samples were collected from the patients with AMI, unstable angina pectoris, stable angina pectoris, and other diseases. Levels of serum deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) activity in the patients were determined. An abrupt elevation of serum DNase I activity was observed within approximately 3 hours of the onset of symptoms in patients with AMI, with significantly higher activity levels (21.7±5.10 U/L) in this group compared with the other groups with unstable angina pectoris (10.4±4.41 U/L), angina pectoris (10.8±3.70 U/L), and other diseases (9.22±4.16 U/L). Levels of the DNase I activity in serum then exhibited a marked time-dependent.
Management of Low Malignant Potential Ovarian Tumor in Postmenopausal Women via Minimal Invasive Surgery in Hospital Putrajaya

Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) form a separate entity within the group of epithelial ovarian tumors acknowledged by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) in 1961 and adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1973. Tumors of low malignant potential (LMP) account for 1520% of all epithelial ovarian cancers, with an incidence of 1.8-4.8 per 100,000 women per year5. Nearly 75% of these tumors are stage I at the time of diagnosis. They occur in younger women, are present at an early stage, and have a favorable prognosis. Numerous studies have demonstrated the advantage of a laparoscopic approach over laparotomy for the surgical management of benign adnexal diseases. Laparoscopy can be an alternative to laparotomy for the treatment of borderline ovarian tumors. However, this approach requires strict surgical procedure to avoid under staging, dissemination and wound metastasis.
Some Indicators of Fatness and Fitness in Kosovian and Montenegro Adolescents

The aim of the research was to determine the full and age specific differences in obesity and motor abilities by adolescents from two countries in two western Balkan countries in south-eastern Europe: Kosovo and Montenegro. The research was realized on a sample of 1200 respondents. Of these, 600 were from Kosovo and Montenegro, a total of 6 groups from each state (1 00 respondents in each groups) age (13, 14 and 15 years) and sex (boys and girls). Body height, body weight, body mass index, flam ingo balance, plate tapping, sit-and-reach, standing broad jump, handgrip test, sit-ups in 30 seconds, bent arm hang, 10 x 5 meter s huttle run and 20 m endurance shuttle-run were used in the analysis. The differences in fitness tests, anthropometric measures by Kosovian and Montenegro Adolescents were examined by one-way analysis of covariance. Montenegrin and Kosovo girls and Kosovo boys indicate a smaller overweight and obesity in comparison with peer group from Europe, while boys from Montenegro are placed near to their counterparts from western and southern Europe. Kosovo adolescents of both sexes and Montenegrin male adolescents aged 13 and 14 achieve on average poorer results in the test standing broad jump and 20 meters endurance shuttle-run, but achieving better res ults of th test pull ups stamina compared to European peers. Montenegrin female adolescents achieve poorer results in the test standing br oad jump, but better results of the test pull ups stamina compared to European colleagues.
Scrub typhus presenting without fever

Scrub typhus may be a very a familiar reason for an acute undifferentiated fever. Although there has been an improvement in the diagnostics as well as an increased awareness regarding this disease, it still remains belatedly diagnosed and eventually turns fatal. We present a male patient who was brought to us with jaundice, tender hepatomegaly and distinctly no history fever who turned out to have a Scrub typhus infection and was salvaged owing to a diverse empirical antibiotic coverage. This represents an atypical clinical presentation of a very familiar infection: Tropical rickettsioses infection presenting with afebrile jaundice in an immunocompetent patient. It also brings into perspective the wavered nature of its disease presentation, the significant merit of procuring a good patient history and a change in empirical antibiotic policies especially in areas endemic for scrub typhus
Pentraxin 3 as A Cardiovascular Marker in Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Aim: Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase glycoprotein, which is increased in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and considered as a predictor of CVD in the general population. Accumulating evidence suggests that even mild primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has an elevated risk for CVD. We aimed to investigate plasma PTX3 levels before and after parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and determine its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors Material and Method: Twenty-nine patients with PHPT and 26 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Anthropometric and laboratory parameters were recorded both before and 6 months after parathyroidectomy. Serum PTX3 levels were measured using a human PTX3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Plasma PTX3 concentrations were similar between before and after parathyroidectomy and control group (10.97 ± 16.0, 11.97 ± 11.49, 7.88 ± 9.48, respectively, p>0.05). Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and calcium, parathormone, fasting plasma glucose, alkaline phosphatase concentrations were higher in the PHPT group (p<0.05). Creatinine and phosphorus concentrations were higher in the control group (p<0.05). PTX3 was not correlated with cardi-metabolic risk factors except body mass index (BMI) (r2:0.414, p:0.0253). Conclusion: Plasma PTX3 was not increased as well was not changed after parathyroidectomy in patients with PHPT. The PTX3 was correlated with BMI; however, it was not associated with other cardio-metabolic risk factors including DBP, CIMT, and CRP. These findings might support PTX3 cannot be used as a cardio-metabolic risk marker in patients with PHPT.
Using Heart Rate Monitor to Optimizing Aerobic Endurance Training

This study aims to determine whether aerobic endurance exercises using heart rate monitoring technology (heart rate monitor) is more optimal than without using heart rate monitor. A total of twenty male football athletes who join in university football club participated in this experimental study. With the randomized pretest-postest control group design the sample was divided into two groups, treatment group (n = 10) and control group (n = 10). Both groups followed a jogging aerobic endurance training program. The time for each training session varies from 45 minutes to 90 minutes, for 11 weeks, 3 times a week. VO2max is measured by Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test by gas analysis method. The results showed that there was a difference of VO2max increase between treatment group and control group.