Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Population dynamics and types of habitats at breeding sites of raptors (Falconiformes) of the Donetsk Ridge along a gradient of anthropogenic disturbance

Studies of diurnal birds of prey may be quite indicative of the state of natural ecosystems and of the level of impact of human-induced factors on their functions. The aim of this work was to analyse the long-term dynamics of the raptor populations within the Donetsk Ridge, to identify which habitat or habitat mosaics are preferred in nesting territories and home ranges depending on the level of anthropogenic transformation of the environment. The studies were conducted in 1999–2019. The total length of the walking routes was 2,864 km while a distance of 1,548 km was covered by car routes. 306 nests of the birds of prey or those potentially belonging to the members of this group were found and re-examined. The long-term dynamics of the population of Falconiformes was characterized by a general decline in the numbers of most species. There was a loss of representatives of the boreal and desert-steppe faunistic complexes and simultaneous increase in the participation of representatives of the nemoral and forest steppe faunistic complexes associated with the floodplain forests of the Siversky Donets River valley and the bayrak oak forests of the central part of the Donetsk Ridge. The impact of the anthropogenic factor on the dynamics of the population of the birds of prey is ambiguous. For the species which are sensitive to changes in the environment, such as the European Honey Buzzard, the Northern Goshawk, the Merlin and the Red-footed Falcon, a general negative dynamics of the populations is observed. The positive trend in the numbers of the Long-legged Buzzard and the Saker Falcon is linked to the expansion of the both species into the territory of the Donetsk Ridge. The habitat structure of the nesting territories is quite diverse in different species of diurnal birds of prey. This is especially noticeable in the ratio of forest and grassland habitats. Based on the selectivity index, we found that the vast majority of the raptors of the Donetsk Ridge prefer temperate broad-leaved forests when choosing nesting territories. The structure of the home ranges of all forest species of diurnal birds of prey not only depends on the optimal ratio of open and forested areas but on the presence of ecotones of considerable length which originated in the complex mosaics of habitat complexes. The stable number of dendrophiles and the disappearance (decrease in number) of sclerophiles and campophiles indicates the least anthropogenic transformation of forest habitats and a radical transformation of open spaces – meadows and steppes. The most successful were eurytopic birds of prey and species with pronounced anthropotolerance.
Revisiting the Impact of Sea Salt on Climate Sensitivity

Recent laboratory and field studies point to an increase of sea salt aerosol (SSA) emissions with temperature, suggesting that SSA may lower climate sensitivity. We assess the impact of a strong (4.2% K −1 ) and weak (0.7% K −1 ) temperature response of SSA emissions on the climate sensitivity of the coupled climate model CM4. We find that the stronger temperature dependence improves the simulation of marine aerosol optical depth sensitivity to temperature and lowers CM4 Transient Climate Response (‐0.12 K) and Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (‐0.5 K). At CO2 doubling, the higher SSA emission sensitivity causes a negative radiative feedback (‐0.125 Wm−2K−1 ), which can only be partly explained by changes in the radiative effect of SSA (‐0.08 Wm−2K−1 ). Stronger radiative feedbacks are dominated by more negative low‐level cloud feedbacks in the Northern Hemisphere, which are partly offset by more positive feedbacks in the Southern Hemisphere associated with a weaker Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Citizenship Behaviour: A Case Study of Dell

The study intends to examine the corporate social responsibility and citizenship behavior in Dell. Dell Computer Corporation was established in 1984 by Michael Dell. Dell is an American multinational corporation that specializes in computer technology. Dell introduces the concepts of selling personal computer systems directly to customers, offers build-to-order computer systems, and provides direct, toll-free technical support and next-day, on-site service. Dell has many headquarters all over the world and one of them is in Malaysia. The paper also discusses how the corporate social responsibility bring an impact to their employees in terms of their citizenship behavior. The paper concludes with some implication and recommendation.
Effects of One-Year Simulated Nitrogen and Acid Deposition on Soil Respiration in a Subtropical Plantation in China

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) and acid deposition have become global environmental issues and are likely to alter soil respiration (Rs); the largest CO2 source is from soil to the atmosphere. However, to date, much less attention has been focused on the interactive effects and underlying mechanisms of N and acid deposition on Rs, especially for ecosystems that are simultaneously subjected to elevated levels of deposition of both N and acid. Here, to examine the effects of N addition, acid addition, and their interactions with Rs, we conducted a two-way factorial N addition (control, CK; 60 kg N ha−1 a−1, LN; 120 kg N ha−1 a−1, HN) and acid addition (control, CK; pH 4.5, LA; pH 2.5, HA) field experiment in a subtropical plantation in China. Our results showed the following: (1) During the one-year observation period, the seasonal dynamics of Rs presented a single peak curve model, which was closely related to the surface soil temperature. (2) The simulated N deposition and acid deposition significantly decreased the Rs in the subtropical plantation. Compared to the CK plots, the LN and HN treatments reduced the annual mean values of Rs by 41% and 56%, and the annual mean values of Rs were inhibited by 26% and 31% in the LA and HA plots. The inhibition of N application on Rs was stronger than that of the simulated acid deposition. (3) Significant interactions between N addition and acid addition on Rs were detected, and Rs was significantly inhibited under four co-addition treatments. (4) The underlying mechanism and main reason for the responses of Rs to simulated N and acid deposition in this study might be the inhibition of soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activity due to soil acidification under increased N and acid input.
Normally Functioning Tilting Disc Mechanical Mitral and Aortic Valve Prosthesis without Anticoagulant Therapy - An Unusual Case

Anticoagulation after mechanical heart valve replacement is indispensable to prevent valve thrombosis and it’s consequences. At the same time, excess dosing leads to complications related to bleeding. One of our patients who underwent double valve replacement for infective endocarditis lost to the follow up after 5 months of surgery then he turned back after 11 years with history of discontinuing anticoagulants. International normalised ratio (INR) was 0.97. Further evaluation revealed normally functioning mechanical mitral and aortic valve (Medtronic tilting disc).
Synthesis of SSB Nyquist 16QAM From Twin-SSB QPSK Via Optical Subcarrier Processing-Based Data Aggregation and its Direct Detection With Hierarchical Blind Phase Search Algorithm

To synthesize a single-sideband (SSB) Nyquist high-order QAM, an optical subcarrier processing (OSP) based scheme is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. A Twin-SSB Nyquist in lower-order QAM is firstly generated using an electro-optic approach. OSP-based data aggregation is then deployed to coherently merge two sidebands in the twin-SSB to synthesize an SSB Nyquist QAM with an increased modulation level. The proposed scheme effectively relaxes the requirement for the digital-to-analog (DAC) resolution, thus reducing the power consumption and cost. Besides, the use of the coherent two-carrier pump in the data aggregation avoids the introduction of phase noise from the pump. It allows for the deployment of a low-cost laser as a pump laser source without sacrificing the performance, further reducing the overall implementation cost. Moreover, a hierarchical blind phase search algorithm is proposed to combat the possible distortions introduced in the data aggregation. A 12.5 Gbps SSB Nyquist 16QAM is experimentally synthesized from a 2 × 6.25 Gbps twin-SSB Nyquist QPSK with an error-free operation.
Physical-Layer Security With Optical Generalized Space Shift Keying

Spatial modulation (SM) is a promising technique that reduces inter-channel interference while providing high power efficiency and detection simplicity. In order to ensure the secrecy of SM, precoding and friendly jamming are widely adopted in the literature. However, neither of those methods can take advantage of SM. In this paper, a novel spatial constellation design (SCD) technique is proposed to enhance the physical layer security (PLS) of optical generalized space shift keying (GSSK), which can retain some benefits of SM. Due to the lack of small-scale fading, the quasi-static characteristics of the optical channel is used to tailor the received signal at the legitimate user’s (Bob’s) side. The PLS of the system is guaranteed by the appropriate selection of the power allocation coefficients for randomly activated light emitting diodes (LEDs). With the aid of Bob’s channel state information at the transmitter, the bit error ratio (BER) of Bob is minimized while the BER performance of the potential eavesdroppers (Eves) is significantly degraded. Monte-Carlo simulation results show that the proposed SCD-zero forcing precoding (ZFP) forces Eve to experience a BER of around 0.5 by outperforming both the conventional and ZFP based GSSK for all practical signal-to-noise-ratio regimes and Bob-Eve separations.
Amenorrhea After Chemotherapy In Breast Cancer Patient.

BACKGROUND This study was conducted to determine the frequency of amenorrhea after chemotherapy among breast cancer patients". METHODS Total 201 premenopausal females (having menstruation during the past 6 months at the time of diagnosis) of age 15-45 years and had confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer requiring chemotherapy were included in the study using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Amenorrhea within 6 months after the completion of chemotherapy was labelled as chemotherapy induced amenorrhea. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS-23. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was reported as 37.06±5.68 years. Majority of the females were married (86.6%) & multigravida (81.1%). Most of the patients (23.9%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and radiotherapy. A total of 129 patients received Adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel as chemotherapy regimen. Out of 201 females, 184 (91.5%) experienced amenorrhea after start or completion of chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of CIA was very high among breast cancer patients in our study, long term follow-up is needed to see input of CIA on future fertility.
In Defense of Materialism: The Haitian Zonbi Vs. the Philosophical Zombie

This work contrasts the concept of the philosophical zombie, p-zombie, with its conception as found in Haitian ontology, zonbi, to understand the material nature of consciousness constitution in the multiverse. Whereas the former is utilized to substantiate the mind-body dualism; the latter as I see it negates the dualism to offer a complete materialist understanding of consciousness constitution, which eliminates the mind-body dualism.
Negative skin friction during transition in a zero-pressure-gradient flat-plate boundary layer and in pipe flows with slip and no-slip boundary conditions

In searching for the mechanisms of boundary layer bypass transition, Schubauer & Klebanoff (NACA-TR-1289, 1956) conducted an extensive search for negative skin-friction events during the laminar-to-turbulent transition in a zero-pressure-gradient, smooth flat-plate boundary layer (ZPGSFPBL) under a wide range of free-stream turbulence intensity levels. They concluded that no evidence of incipient flow separation could be found in any part of the transition region. Although it has been known that extremely rare backflow events can occur in a fully turbulent ZPGSFPBL and in fully developed turbulent pipe flow, the Schubauer–Klebanoff conclusion regarding the total absence of negative skin friction in ZPGSFPBL transition has remained unchallenged over the past six decades. Here we report our discovery of negative skin-friction events during the bypass transition in an extensively researched representative ZPGSFPBL case, and in pipe flows with no-slip and slip boundary conditions under circumferential mode inlet disturbance, respectively. The peak probability of such events is located in the late stage of transition between the streamwise stations where the minimum and maximum mean skin friction are attained. The magnitude of the peak probability is substantially larger than the corresponding probability in the downstream fully turbulent region: in the case of no-slip pipe flow, the difference is two orders of magnitude and is primarily due to an enhanced number density of the backflow events coupled with a notable increase in the wall footprint size of such events. For both the boundary layer and pipe flows considered here, and in both the transitional and fully turbulent regions, the incipient negative skin friction is found, through instantaneous flow visualization and conditional averaging, to be induced by the head element of a reverse hairpin vortex.
O23-3 Does maternal exposure to air pollution from welding fumes in the work environment during pregnancy cause negative health effects in children?

Background Exposure to ambient particulate air pollution during pregnancy is associated with negative health effects in children. However, few studies have assessed the association between occupational particle exposure during pregnancy and fetal effects, especially regarding welding fumes. Aim To investigate if occupational exposure to welding fumes is related to birth outcomes in form of small for gestational age, low birth weight or preterm birth. Methods This retrospective cohort study was based on data from the Medical Birth Register at the National Board of Health and Welfare and includes information about all births in Sweden from 1994 to 2012 (about 1.9 million births in total). The data contains information about the mother’s occupation and employment during pregnancy, outcome variables such as birth weight, small for gestational age and preterm birth of the child, and information about potential confounders such as the maternal height and weight, parity, multiple birth, smoking habits, family situation and nationality. Occupational particle exposure was assessed by a job-exposure matrix. Absence from work was assessed from information from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency. The analyses were adjusted for potential confounders and analysed with logistic regression. Results Preliminary results on full-time working mothers with less than 30 days leave of absence, indicate a significantly increased risk for negative birth outcomes in form of small for gestational age (adjusted OR 1.37; 95% CI: 1.07–1.73), low birth weight (adjusted OR 1.56; 95% CI: 1.31–1.87) and preterm birth (adjusted OR 1.42; 95% CI: 1.22–1.65) in children to women who were exposed to welding fumes during pregnancy. Conclusions This indicates that women should not be exposed to welding fumes during pregnancy.
Psychometric Properties of the Self-efficacy Scale for a Healthy Diet in Individuals with Obesity

Background. Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in his or her capacity to execute certain behaviors and determines changes in the lifestyle of persons with chronic diseases such as obesity. There is currently no instrument with optimal psychometric properties measuring self-efficacy for a healthy diet. HAPA is a theoretical framework that can describe, explain, and predict health behavior changes and its relationship with self-efficacy, and it that is useful for the development of interventions, particularly in the area of healthy diets. Objective. The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to measure self-efficacy for a healthy diet in Mexican population with obesity and the evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Self-Efficacy Scale for a Healthy Diet (SSHD). Method. The sample included 202 participants receiving care in public obesity clinics. The SSHD applied is a Likert-type scale developed from the Health Action Process Approach containing 45 items. Omega coefficient and Confirmatory Factor Analyses were estimated to evaluate the psychometric properties. Results. The scale has good measures of goodness of fit χ2 = 66.49; p < . 001; χ2 SB/gl = 41; CFIS = . 955; NFI = . 893; RMSEAS = . 056 (95% CI [.029, .079]) and total scale reliability of ω = . 896 (CI 95% [.876, .915]). Discussion and conclusion. The SSHD is a reliable, valid instrument for measuring the three types of self-efficacies proposed in HAPA in people with obesity who require changes to adhere to a healthier diet.
The Effects of Content Likeability, Content Credibility, and Social Media Engagement on Users' Acceptance of Product Placement in Mobile Social Networks

Nowadays, product placements are commonly presented on mobile social media but related studies are rare. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of content likeability, content credibility, and social media engagement on users’ acceptance of product placement in mobile social networks. The results of the online survey indicate that content likeability is an antecedent of social media engagement and content credibility; social media engagement has an influence on content credibility; and content likeability, content credibility, and social media engagement both directly affect user acceptance of product placement in mobile social networks. Furthermore, social media engagement has an interaction effect with content likeability on the content credibility of mobile social networks. The results of the multi-group analysis indicate that young adults show differences with middle-aged adults in the direct effect of content likeability on social media engagement and in the interaction effect of content credibility and social media engagement on the acceptance of product placement in mobile social networks. The implications for practitioners are discussed on the basis of the empirical findings.
Image Classification of Datasets Composed of Depth Prediction Images and Edge Extraction Images using Convolutional Neural Network

In this study, we classify images by using Convolutional Neural Network. We aim at diﬀerentiating humans or cars. Datasets are composed of depth prediction images and edge extraction images. We investigate the prediction of the depth of some objects, such a human and cars, in overhead images with Fully Convolutional Residual Networks (FCRN). We investigate each traing and test accuracies of image classiﬁcation with the Datasets.
Academic Self-Efficacy and Self-Handicapping: Are they Influenced by Self-Regulated Learning?

Self-handicapping strategies become a life pattern in many low achieving students in an attempt to link their poor academic performance to sources other than one's ability factors. Frequent use of these strategies leads to decrement in self-efficacy related to academic competence as less and less time is devoted to scholastic activities. With the view that introducing self-regulatory patterns into the daily schedules of the students would decrease the faulty patterns of learning, this study compared two groups of seventh graders. The treatment group was provided with dual component self-regulatory strategies training including motivational and cognitive strategies, while the control group was exposed to only traditional classroom teaching methodology. ANCOVA results indicate a significant increase in the academic self-efficacy among the treatment group students at post-training. No significant shift was found in academic self-handicapping strategies used in the treatment group. However, during the intervention period there was a significant increase in the use of academic self-handicapping strategies by control group students. Content analysis of responses to open-ended probes indicate an increase in perceived academic self-efficacy and a decrement in academic self-handicapping at post-training stage.
The Effect of Supplemental Blue, Red and Far-Red Light on the Growth and the Nutritional Quality of Red and Green Leaf Lettuce

Spectral quality of radiation has a major impact on the growth, development and nutritional quality of crops. The effect of supplemental radiation (blue, red and far-red) on the growth and nutritional quality with regard to health-promoting phytochemical and micronutrient composition of two lettuce (Lactuca sativa) varieties (red leaf “New Red Fire” and green leaf “Two Star”) was studied. Supplemental radiation was provided by blue (450 nm), red (660 nm) or far-red (730 nm) LEDs against a background of white light (fluorescent lighting, PAR; 270 μmol/m2/s) in a growth chamber study. All the supplemental radiation treatments increased dry shoot biomass in both varieties. However, supplemental far-red radiation increased both fresh and dry shoot biomass in both varieties. In addition, supplemental far-red radiation produced distinct morphological characteristics in lettuce plants. It produced the largest shoot biomass, bigger and taller plants, fewer leaves but with larger leaf area compared to the control, similar to the shade avoidance response. With regard to the accumulation of phytochemicals, supplemental blue radiation enhanced the total phenolic compound concentration in both varieties. In addition, supplemental blue radiation sharply increased the accumulation of several phenolic compounds in green leaf lettuce including chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid, rutin, kaempferol, luteolin and apigenin. For example, the leaf concentration of rutin in green leaf lettuce increased by 20-fold under supplemental blue radiation. Similarly, supplemental red radiation increased the concentration of many of these phenolic compounds in red leaf lettuce. However, supplemental far-red radiation had an inhibitory effect on the accumulation of chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid, rutin and kaempferol in red leaf lettuce. While supplemental radiation did not affect the accumulation of most of the micronutrients, it had a negative impact on the accumulation of some micronutrients, the response being variety dependent. The results show that supplementing white light with specific spectral quality has a major impact on the biomass accumulation, morphology and on the accumulation of many health-promoting phytochemicals and micronutrients in lettuce. While it had a large positive effect in enhancing the accumulation of several phytochemicals, it also suppressed the accumulation of some micronutrients.