Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Portación de Staphylococcus aureus multiresistentes a antimicrobianos en cavidad bucal de niños que concurren para un tratamiento en una clínica odontológica, Paraguay

Introduccion: Staphylococcus aureus es un microorganismo que posee caracteristicas particulares de virulencia y resistencia a los antibioticos para uso clinico cuya diseminacion es de gran importancia en salud publica. Objetivo: Identificar S. aureus sensibles y resistentes a antimicrobianos, colonizantes en cavidad bucal de ninos que concurrieron para un tratamiento a una Clinica Odontologica en Asuncion. Materiales y Metodos: En este estudio descriptivo, observacional realizado de agosto a septiembre de 2013, se incluyeron ninos de 2 a 15 anos de edad. Hisopados de cavidad bucal fueron colectados y cultivados en agar-manitol-sal. Los aislados de S. aureus fueron caracterizados respecto a la susceptibilidad a 11 antibioticos y por metodos moleculares se busco la presencia del gen mecA y del factor de virulencia pvl . Se empleo un cuestionario sobre datos socio-demograficos y factores de riesgo asociados a infeccion con S. aureus . Resultados: Se incluyeron 112 ninos. Se aislo S. aureus en 37 (33%) hisopados y 35 (94,6%) aislados presentaban resistencia a al menos un antibiotico. Resultaron resistentes a: Penicilina (89%), Cloranfenicol (16,2%), Oxacilina (10,8%), Eritromicina (8%), Clindamicina (8%), Gentamicina (5,4%) y un aislado con resistencia intermedia a Ciprofloxacina (2,7%). Cuatro aislados de S. aureus presentaban resistencia a multiples drogas, los mismos portaban el gen mecA . No se detecto portacion del factor de virulencia PVL. Conclusion: La elevada portacion en cavidad oral de S. aureus multiresistentes en ninos sin factores de riesgo como hospitalizacion previa o consumo de antibioticos, implica un alto riesgo para posibles infecciones endogenas, ademas del potencial de transferencia de determinantes de resistencia entre germenes de flora bucal normal.
Detection of Sak Gene and Expression of Staphylokinase in Different Clinical Isolates of Staphyloccocus spp.

This study had investigated the presence of Staphylokinase (SAK) phenotypically and genetically. A total of 100 Staphylococcus spp. samples were isolated from different clinical cases. Morphological, biochemical tests and for further conformation; Viteck2 technique were adopted to isolate and diagnose the staphylococcal samples. Phenotypic assay tests including hydrolysis of casein and plasma agar were performed to check for the production of Staphylokinase from producing Staphylococcus spp. Out of 100, only 32 isolates had exhibited (SAK) activity whereby 29 of them represented the species S. aureus while 3 belonged to others. All isolates were subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to determine the possessed sak gene. This investigation certainly had shown that not all isolates of S. aureus has the sak gene, only the lysogenic one has it and that it is not species committed but also other staphylococcus species could have it.
Employee Voice in a Dot Com: The Rise and Demise of the Employee Forum at WebBank

This chapter examines the employee involvement and voice (EIV) system at a UK-based Internet bank, referred to by the pseudonym “WebBank,” which was established in 1997 and ceased trading in 2011. The company quickly grew from a small city-centre startup operation to employing more than 2,500 in a large purpose-built operations centre at its peak. The context provides an interesting opportunity to explore the evolution and development of EIV in a greenfi eld context over its entire lifecycle. Given the importance of context and management choice in shaping EIV systems (Wilkinson et al. 2013), this represents an opportunity to explore a relatively unusual model of non-union EIV in Britain, during a period when the newly elected Labour government appeared to have warmer attitudes to trade unions after almost two decades of Conservative governments of leaving them out in the cold.
Gender and international diversity improves equity in peer review

The robustness of scholarly peer review has been challenged by evidence of disparities in publication outcomes based on author’s gender and nationality. To address this, we examine the peer review outcomes of 23,873 initial submissions and 7,192 full submissions that were submitted to the biosciences journal eLife between 2012 and 2017. Women and authors from nations outside of North America and Europe were underrepresented both as gatekeepers (editors and peer reviewers) and last authors. We found a homophilic interaction between the demographics of the gatekeepers and authors in determining the outcome of peer review; that is, gatekeepers favor manuscripts from authors of the same gender and from the same country, The acceptance rate for manuscripts with male last authors was significantly higher than for female last authors, and this gender inequity was greatest when the team of reviewers was all male; mixed-gender gatekeeper teams lead to more equitable peer review outcomes. Similarly, manuscripts were more likely to be accepted when reviewed by at least one gatekeeper with the same national affiliation as the corresponding author. Our results indicated that homogeneity between author and gatekeeper gender and nationality is associated with the outcomes of scientific peer review. We conclude with a discussion of mechanisms that could contribute to this effect, directions for future research, and policy implications. Code and anonymized data, have been made available at https://github.com/murrayds/elife-analysis. Author summary Peer review, the primary method by which scientific work is evaluated and developed, is ideally a fair and equitable process, in which scientific work is judged solely on its own merit. However, the integrity of peer review has been called into question based on evidence that outcomes often differ between between male and female authors, and between authors in different countries. We investigated such a disparity at the biosciences journal eLife, by analyzing the author and gatekeepers (editors and peer reviewers) demographics and review outcomes of all submissions between 2012 and 2017. We found evidence of disparity in outcomes that disfavored women and those outside of North America and Europe, and that these groups were underrepresented among, authors and gatekeepers. The gender disparity was greatest when reviewers were all male; mixed-gender reviewer teams lead to more equitable outcomes. Similarly, manuscripts were more likely to be accepted when reviewed by at least one gatekeeper from the same country as the corresponding author. Our results indicated that gatekeeper characteristics are associated with the outcomes of scientific peer review. We discuss mechanisms that could contribute to this effect, directions for future research, and policy implications.
Solid state and solution NMR studies of model systems for parts of membrane proteins

Detailed atomic scale structural information on proteins and other biomolecules is needed to understand biological mechanisms. However, many biologically important macromolecules such as large soluble proteins or membrane proteins normally cannot be studied directly by powerful new methods of liquid state NMR due to broad lines inherent in slowly tumbling large molecules. Paramagnetic shift reagents were investigated for use in solid state NMR of macromolecules and EDTA was used as a model for detecting sidechain carboxyls that bind metal ions in proteins. The ς22 tensor from the chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) of the carbonyl carbons was used to distinguish the OCO angle in metal ion complexes in the solid state. Liquid state 2D NMR was used to study a potential metal ion binding site in bacteriorhodopsin (BR); A peptide fragment that is homologous to an EF-hand metal ion binding loop between the C&D helices in BR. This peptide bound La+3 and showed secondary structure in solution which fit into the BR helix structure and the EF-hand coordination could be completed by 161Glu on the EF loop of BR. Protein-protein interactions, important in biological processes, are difficult to study by solution NMR methods because of the high molecular weight of the complexes. We used Tr-NOESY to study the protein bound conformation of a peptide ligand in exchange with a receptor. The p47-phox bound structure of a carboxyl terminal peptide from gp91-phox was studied since this peptide blocks superoxide generation by binding to the p47-phox control protein. The gp91-phox carboxyl terminal peptide is in fast exchange with p47-phox relative to cross relaxation and binds to p47-phox in an extended open loop conformation involving strong interaction of certain peptide sidechains. SOLID STATE AND SOLUTION NMR STUDIES OF MODEL SYSTEMS FOR PARTS OF MEMBRANE PROTEINS
RAPID CHANGES IN EXTRACELLULAR GLUTAMATE INDUCED BY NATURAL AROUSING STIMULI 4 AND INTRAVENOUS COCAINE IN THE NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS SHELL

27 28 Glutamate (Glu) is a major excitatory neurotransmitter, playing a crucial role in the functioning of the 29 nucleus accumbens (NAc), a critical area implicated in somato-sensory integration and regulation of 30 motivated behavior. In this study, high-speed amperometry with enzyme-based biosensors was used in 31 freely moving rats to examine changes in extracellular Glu in the NAc shell and core induced by a tone, 32 tail-pinch (TP), social interaction with a male conspecific (SI), and intravenous (iv) cocaine (1 mg/kg). To 33 establish the contribution of Glu to electrochemical signal changes, similar recordings were conducted 34 with null (Glu0) sensors, which were exposed to the same chemical and physical environment but were 35 insensitive to Glu. TP, SI and cocaine but not a tone induced relatively large and prolonged current 36 increases detected by both Glu and Glu0 sensors. However, current differentials revealed very rapid, 37 much smaller, and transient increases in extracellular Glu levels, more predominantly in the NAc shell 38 than core. In contrast to monophasic responses with natural stimuli, cocaine induced a biphasic Glu 39 increase in the shell, with a transient peak during the injection and a slower post-injection peak. 40 Therefore, Glu is phasically released in the NAc following exposure to natural arousing stimuli and 41 cocaine; this release is rapid, stimulus-dependent, and structure-specific, suggesting its role in triggering 42 neural and behavioral activation induced by these stimuli. This study also demonstrates the need for 43 multiple in vitro and in vivo controls to reveal relatively small, highly phasic, and transient fluctuations in 44 Glu levels occurring under behaviorally relevant conditions. 45 46
The application value of endoscopic ultrasonography examination before esophageal achalasia treated by peroral endoscopic myotomy

Objective To explore the clinical value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) examination before esophageal achalasia (EA) patients treated by peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). Methods From August 2011 to November 2011,esophageal EUS examination was conducted in 34 EA patients scheduled for POEM treatment (EA group) and 30 cases accepted gastric EUS examination (control group) at endoscopic center,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University.The thickness of muscularis propria layer and the circular muscle layer was measured at cardia,5 cm,10 cm and 15 cm above cardia,and the proportion of circular muscle layer was calculated.The differences in groups and between groups were compared.The correlation between muscle thickness and complication after POEM treatment was analyzed.The data were analyzed by t test.Results There was no difference between EA group and control group in the thickness of the muscularis propria layer at same part (at cardia,5 cm,10 cm and 15 cm above cardia,t=1.210,1.116,0 and 0.292respectively; all P＞0.05 respectively). The thickness of the circular muscle layer of EA group at cardia,5 cm,10 cm and 15 cm above cardia was (1.72±0.49) mm,(1.86±0.81) mm,(1.56±0.47) mm and (1.41±0.48) mm respectively,those of control group was (1.06±0.50) mm,(1.40±0.33) mm,(1.05±0.37) mm and (0.78±0.12) mm respectively.At same part,the thickness of the circular muscle layer of EA group was significantly thicker than that of the control group (t =5.326,2.903,4.778 and 6.993 respectively,all P＜0.05). After POEM treatment,complication was high in EA cases with the thickness of muscularis propria layer less than 2 mm.Conclusion Before POEM treatment,EUS examination for EA patients has certain guiding significance. Key words: Esophageal achalasia; Endosonography; Postoperative complications
Validez de una versión en español del Inventario de Depresión de Beck en pacientes hospitalizados de medicina general. Validity of a version in Spanish of the Beck Depression Inventory in medical in-patients.

Objetivos: El objetivo del presente estudio es examinar en el Peru la validez de una version en espanol del Inventario de Depresion de Beck (BDI) en pacientes hospitalizados de medicina general. Material y Metodos: Se tomo una muestra de 136 pacientes internados en los pabellones de medicina general del Centro Medico Naval (Lima-Peru), a quienes se les administro el BDI y la seccion para el diagnostico de depresion mayor de la Entrevista Clinica Estructurada para el DSM-IV (SCID). Resultados: El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach fue 0,889. La puntuacion promedio del BDI fue significativamente mas alta en los pacientes con depresion mayor que en los que no la tenian (26,71 frente a 6,79, p<0,001). Tomando 18,5 o 19,5 como punto de corte del BDI para el diagnostico de depresion mayor, la sensibilidad fue 87,5% y la especificidad 98,21%. Ningun paciente con BDI menor de 7,5 tuvo depresion, mientras que todos los sujetos con BDI mayor de 24,5 la presentaron. A excepcion de la perdida de peso, todos los items tuvieron puntajes significativamente mas altos en los pacientes deprimidos, siendo los items que mejor predecian la presencia de depresion: la inconformidad con uno mismo, la autopercepcion negativa del aspecto fisico, la autocensura, el insomnio y el sentirse castigado. Conclusiones: La version en espanol del BDI utilizada tiene propiedades psicometricas adecuadas para la evaluacion de depresion en pacientes hospitalizados de medicina general.
Stock Market Prices and Performance of Textile Industry of Pakistan in Last Five Years – An Evidence of EMH

This paper explains the performance of the textile sector and its impact on the market prices for the last five years. Textilesector is an important sector for the economy of Pakistan due to its employment potential, availability of raw material and foreignexchange earnings but this sector is not contributing its required role in the economy since the last five years. Why textile industry haslost its share in exports and fails to maintain its position in the economy. Reasons are discussed and explained by building the statisticalrelationship between the performance of the companies and their market prices. Although there are many internal and external factorsfor measuring the performance of the company, but in this research article only EPS (Earning per Share) and Book Value of shares aretaken as a performance measurement tools. The efficient market hypothesis is used as an evidence to explain the relationship betweenthe stock market prices and performance of the textile industry. The sample of twenty companies are taken from textile industry and byusing the SPSS software the relationship between the performance of the companies and their market prices are explained in themeaningful way. These results are helpful in explaining, how performance of the textile industry affects their market prices of shares inthe stock market.
Over-the-Air Computation in Correlated Channels

Over-the-Air (OTA) computation is the problem of computing functions of distributed data without transmitting the entirety of the data to a central point. By avoiding such costly transmissions, OTA computation schemes can achieve a better-than-linear (depending on the function, often logarithmic or even constant) scaling of the communication cost as the number of transmitters grows. In this work, we propose and analyze an analog OTA computation scheme for a class of functions that contains linear functions as well as some nonlinear functions such as $p$-norms of vectors. We prove error bounds that are valid for fast-fading channels and all distributions of fading and noise in the class of sub-Gaussian distributions. This class includes Gaussian distributions, but also many other practically relevant cases such as Class A Middleton noise and fading with dominant line-of-sight components. Moreover, there can be correlations in the fading and noise so that the presented results also apply to, for example, block fading channels and channels with bursty interference. There is no assumption that the distributed function arguments follow a particular probability law; in particular, they do not need to be independent or identically distributed. Our analysis is nonasymptotic and therefore provides error bounds that are valid for a finite number of channel uses. OTA computation has a huge potential for reducing communication cost in applications such as Machine Learning (ML)-based distributed anomaly detection in large wireless sensor networks. We illustrate this potential through extensive numerical simulations.
A STUDY ON ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE ON PRACTICE REGARDING FIRST AID MEASURES AMONG THE SELF HELP GROUPS IN SELECTED AREAS OF MANGALORE WITH A VIEW TO DEVELOP INFORMATION MODULE

A descriptive study was conducted to assess the knowledge on first aid measures among self help group members. The study was conducted in selected community areas of Natekal PHC. The sample for the study comprised of 100 self help group members selected by nd th purposive sampling technique. The data was collected between 2 October 2011 and 13 November 2011 by using structured questionnaires. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study finding revealed that majority of the samples 55% were in the age group of 25-30 years, 64% were females, 44% of them were manual laborers and 39 % received information from the teaching programs, 20% from mass media 13% from friends and 17% of them do not have exposure to any source of information about the first aid practices. The results showed that majority of the samples 62% had good knowledge, and 38% had average knowledge about the first aid practice. Among the seven areas of the knowledge assessment on first aid measures the mean percentage score of the samples were highest (70%) in the area of poisoning and lowest score (28.8%) in the area of bleeding. There is no significant association between knowledge and selected demographic variables like age, educational status, membership in any social organization, occupation, place of living, and source of information other than gender.
Water imbibition, electrical surface forces, and wettability of low permeability fractured porous media

Enhancing oil production from fractured reservoirs is challenging. The flow characteristics observed in naturally fractured reservoirs are complicated due to interaction between the two different flow domains: fracture and matrix. Spontaneous countercurrent imbibition is one of the most important recovery processes in water-wet fractured reservoirs. Oil cannot be spontaneously produced from oil-wet rocks, however, unless the capillary pressure barrier between fracture conduits and matrix is overcome. The flow characteristics in fractured systems thus relate to the wettability of rocks. This dissertation presents experimental oil recovery characteristics of spontaneous imbibition and forced displacement, analytical/numerical approaches to provide an insight into the oil recovery of spontaneous countercurrent imbibition, and evaluation of wettability and fines migration as a function of pH to explain wettability alteration of siliceous shale. Spontaneous imbibition and forced displacement tests were conducted to investigate and understand oil recovery characteristics of siliceous shale rocks. These reservoir rocks are low permeability and medium porosity. For comparison purposes, Berea sandstone cores were examined. Four brine formulations, brine, carbonated water, acidic and alkaline aqueous solutions, were used to investigate the effects of brine formulation on enhanced oil recovery. The siliceous shale rock was a mixed-wet to oil-wet rock because spontaneous countercurrent imbibition did not occur. On the other hand, oil was produced by low and high pH solutions, especially high pH. This indicated that wettability was altered by changing the pH of solutions. The rate and ultimate oil recovery of spontaneous imbibition were influenced by the rock and fluid properties. In particular, the capillary pressure curves played an important role. This
Simultaneous effects of thermal stress and fungal infection on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system of rice-striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

ABSTRACT The effects of thermal stress, time of exposure, and infection by Beauveria bassiana were determined on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system of Chilo suppressalis Walker. The larvae were exposed to 24°C and 34°C for, respectively, 24 h and 72 h. Then, these two groups of larvae were divided into three subgroups: intact larvae, larvae injected with 80 μg/ml of Tween-80 (0.02%), and larvae injected with 104 spores/ml of Beauveria bassiana suspended in 80 μg/ml of Tween-80 (0.02%). The highest activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were found in larvae injected with B. bassiana at both thermal regimes, while the activity of catalase was lowest in these treatments. Highest activities of glutathione S-transferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and ascorbate peroxidase were observed in the larvae injected with B. bassiana at both thermal regimes. Finally, thermal stress and fungal injection led to the highest amounts of Malondialdehyde and the ratio of oxidized and reduced thiols at both thermal regimes. In our study, the simultaneous exposure of C. suppressalis to thermal stress and B. bassiana infection significantly increased the concentration of oxidative agents in the body of treated larvae, indicating that the antioxidant system may have a role in larval defense. Abbreviations: SOD: Superoxide dismutase; POX: Peroxidase; CAT: Catalase; APOX: Ascorbate peroxidase; GPDH: Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase; GSTs: Glutathione S-transferases; MDA: Malondialdehyde; RSSR/RSH: Oxidized and reduced thiols.
El balance energético en escenarios reales. Propuesta didáctica en la formación inicial de maestros

El trabajo aqui presentado consta de dos partes atendiendo a sus finalidades: (1) Evaluar el conocimiento inicial y las dificultades de los futuros maestros en formacion sobre energia; (2) Proponer el balance energetico en dos situaciones problema reales como herramienta formativa y evaluar el impacto de la secuencia didactica. La evaluacion inicial se plantea a su vez en dos ambitos: (1a) conceptos energeticos asociados a los ciclos del agua y del carbono; (1b) niveles de aprendizaje en la interpretacion energetica de los sistemas. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes, despues de haber cursado la ensenanza secundaria obligatoria en ciencias, encuentran serias dificultades en la aplicacion de los conceptos fundamentales sobre energia en actividades experimentales de escuelas de primaria. Para superar esta situacion se plantea una metodologia basada en la resolucion de problemas reales, concretamente se cuestiona los consumos de combustible del aula y de agua de un cultivo horticola. La caracterizacion energetica de los componentes del balance de energia en estos sistemas se realiza con equipo y tecnicas habituales en los respectivos campos. Los resultados son positivos tanto en la interpretacion del balance de energia en los sistemas estudiados como en la transferencia de conceptos a experiencias de aula de primaria.