Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Security culture and the employment relationship as drivers of employees' security compliance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of security-related and employment relationship factors on employees’ security compliance decisions. A major challenge for organizations is encouraging employee compliance with security policies, procedures and guidelines. Specifically, we predict that security culture, job satisfaction and perceived organizational support have a positive effect on employees’ security compliance intentions. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a survey approach for data collection. Data were collected using two online surveys that were administered at separate points in time. Findings – Our results provide empirical support for security culture as a driver of employees’ security compliance in the workplace. Another finding is that an employee’s feeling of job satisfaction influences his/her security compliance intention, although this relationship appears to be contingent on the employee’s position, tenure and industry. Surprisingly, we also found a negative relationship between perceived organizational support and security compliance intention. Originality/value – Our results provide one of the few empirical validations of security culture, and we recognize its multidimensional nature as conceptualized through top management commitment to security (TMCS), security communication and computer monitoring. We also extend security compliance research by considering the influence of employment relationship factors drawn from the organizational behavior literature.
Hepatic encephalopathy associated with chronic facial eczema.

Abstract Two cows and a ram with severe chronic facial eczema showed nervous signs and histological changes characteristic of hepatic encephalopathy. Clinical signs included dullness and depression, progressing to lateral recumbency with tremor of limbs. Histologically, there was widespread spongy vacuolation of the brain. Hepatic encephalopathy associated with chronic facial eczema may be more common than is currently recognised in sheep and cattle in the North Island of New Zealand.
Sensorimotor neural dynamics during isochronous tapping in the medial premotor cortex of the macaque

We determined the response properties of neurons in the primate medial premotor cortex that were classified as sensory or motor during isochronous tapping to a visual or auditory metronome, using different target intervals and three sequential elements in the task. The cell classification was based on a warping transformation, which determined whether the cell activity was statistically aligned to sensory or motor events, finding a large proportion of cells classified as sensory or motor. Two distinctive clusters of sensory cells were observed, i.e. one cell population with short response‐onset latencies to the previous stimulus, and another that was probably predicting the occurrence of the next stimuli. These cells were called sensory‐driven and stimulus‐predicting neurons, respectively. Sensory‐driven neurons showed a clear bias towards the visual modality and were more responsive to the first stimulus, with a decrease in activity for the following sequential elements of the metronome. In contrast, stimulus‐predicting neurons were bimodal and showed similar response profiles across serial‐order elements. Motor cells showed a consecutive activity onset across discrete neural ensembles, generating a rapid succession of activation patterns between the two taps defining a produced interval. The cyclical configuration in activation profiles engaged more motor cells as the serial‐order elements progressed across the task, and the rate of cell recruitment over time decreased as a function of the target interval. Our findings support the idea that motor cells were responsible for the rhythmic progression of taps in the task, gaining more importance as the trial advanced, while, simultaneously, the sensory‐driven cells lost their functional impact.
Do epoch lengths affect adolescents' compliance with physical activity guidelines?

AIM This study examined the effect of different epoch lengths (from 3 to 60 s) on (a) moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), (b) 10 minutes bouts of MVPA and (c) compliance with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, as measured with an ActiGraph accelerometer. METHODS A sample of 401 adolescents (14.48±0.69 years) wore a GT3X accelerometer to measure physical activity (PA) for 7 consecutive days. Data, originally collected in 1-s epoch(s), were then reintegrated into epochs of 3-, 5-, 10-, 15-, 30-, 45- and 60-s. RESULTS The results showed a significant epoch effect (P=0.000) for time spent in MVPA, 10-min bouts of MVPA and the extent of compliance with guidelines percentage of compliance of guidelines. Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between 5- and 10-, 5- and 15-, and 10- and 15-s data, both for MVPA and 10-min bouts of MVPA. CONCLUSION Epidemiological studies should take into account the sampling interval to offer accurate conclusions with regard to levels of MVPA and the extent to which adolescents comply with guidelines. Shorter epochs, such as 5-, 10- or 15-s are proposed for comparative studies carried out with adolescents in this area.
STUDY ON FACTORS AFFECTING THE EFFICIENCY OF MARKER-ASSISTED INTROGRESSION

In this paper we simulate the breeding process of marker-assisted introgressing a favorable QTL allele from “donor” to “recipient”. During this process, the foreground selection and background selection were made for introgression population simultaneously: foreground selection is making indirect selection of target gene by its closely linked two flanking markers, four selection methods including random selection, genomic similarity selection, index selection and MBLUP selection are used in background selection, and the MBLUP was first used in background selection. The effect of different factors on the efficiency of marker-assisted introgression a QTL was simulated in this study, the factors include different background selection methods (random selection, genomic similarity selection, index selection and MBLUP selection), population sizes (500 and 1000), ratios of QTL variance (10% and 30%). The following results were obtained: (1) Genomic similarity selection and index selection can make recipient genome recover entirely through 3~4 backcross generations, though MBLUP selection could not make recipient genome recover quickly, it can get the most genetic responses for background traits. (2) Enlarging population size can increase frequency of favourable allele for introgressing QTL and genetic responses for background traits. (3) Enlarging ratio of QTL variance can increase both frequency of favourable allele for background QTL and genetic responses for background traits.
HEALTH ISSUES OF ULTRAVIOLET TANNING APPLIANCES USED FOR COSMETIC PURPOSES

Consumer d0emand for a cosmetic tan is the economic basis of the “suntanning industry,” which develops and distributes equipment for commercial suntanning and markets suntanning services to consumers. Suntanning is caused by ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Exposure from sunbeds and other tanning appliances has the same potential risks as exposure to the UVR in solar radiation. The term “sunbed” is frequently used to describe all tanning appliances consisting of either a single UVR-emitting lamp (emitting UVA and/or UVB radiation) as in some facial tanners or a number of such lamps incorporated into a bed, canopy, panel, or any combination thereof. Potential adverse health effects of exposure to UVR are well documented and reasonably well quantified (WHO 1994). The purpose of this document is to summarize the potential adverse effects of exposure to ultraviolet radiation from tanning appliances and to provide recommendations to minimize the risks of such effects. Recommendations in this document apply only to the use of sunbeds for cosmetic purposes.
Effects of alkalinity sources on the stability of anaerobic digestion from food waste

This study investigated the effects of some alkalinity sources on the stability of anaerobic digestion (AD) from food waste (FW). Four alkalinity sources, namely lime mud from papermaking (LMP), waste eggshell (WES), CaCO3 and NaHCO3, were applied as buffer materials and their stability effects were evaluated in batch AD. The results showed that LMP and CaCO3 had more remarkable effects than NaHCO3 and WES on FW stabilization. The methane yields were 120.2, 197.0, 156.2, 251.0 and 194.8 ml g−1 VS for the control and synergistic digestions of CaCO3, NaHCO3, LMP and WES added into FW, respectively. The corresponding final alkalinity reached 5906, 7307, 9504, 7820 and 6782 mg l−1, while the final acidities were determined to be 501, 200, 50, 350 and 250 mg l−1, respectively. This indicated that the synergism between alkalinity and inorganic micronutrients from different alkalinity sources played an important role in the process stability of AD from FW.
Early Growth Response-1-dependent Apoptosis Is Mediated by p53*

The early growth response-1 (EGR-1) protein is an anti-proliferative signal for certain tumor cells and is required for apoptosis induced by stimuli that elevate intracellular Ca2+. We present evidence that EGR-1 transactivates the promoter of the p53 gene and up-regulates p53 RNA and protein levels. Inhibition of p53 function with dominant-negative p53 mutants abrogates EGR-1-dependent apoptosis. These findings establish a direct functional link between EGR-1 and the p53-mediated cell death pathway and suggest that mutant forms of p53 in tumor cells may provide resistance to the anti-proliferative effects of EGR-1.
Radiological manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis according to age at onset.

Although ankylosing spondylitis usually starts in the third decade of life, in both men and women, Wilkinson and Bywaters (1958) found that in 18 per cent. of 222 cases the onset occurred in the second decade (the earliest being at 11 years) and that in 11 per cent. the disease apparently started after the age of 39 years: five patients were seen with symptoms apparently starting at the age of 50 years or more. We noted that disc degeneration might sometimes 'precede ossification, giving an appearance resembling osteophytosis'; this created difficulty in reading the spinal x rays, particularly in these more elderly patients. We have returned to the problem of differing radiological manifestations in different 'age-at-onset' groups because we felt that such a study might throw light on the pathogenesis of the various lesions seen. As Collins (1949) insisted, an osteophyte is essentially an outgrowth of new subperiosteal bone at the vertebral margin, secondary to the anterolateral prolapse of a degenerated disc, but he regarded a syndesmophyte as 'an ossification of the outer fibres of the annulus fibrosus'. de Seze, Lacapere, and Amoudruz (1952), in their insistence on the subligamentary location of both, have drawn attention to the osteophyte-like appearance-'like a parrot's beak' of the so-called 'syndesmophyte' in patients with spondylitis of late onset. If the difference between these two types of new bone formation is that the osteophyte proceeds from the periosteal ring and occupies the corner between disc substance and bone, whereas the syndesmophyte advances into the outer layer of the annulus from the margins of the bone, a study of different age-at-onset groups should provide evidence for the role of disc degeneration in these formations and might also reveal differences between real osteophytes and osteophyte-like growths occurring in ankylosing spondylitis of later onset. Materials and methods The radiographs of all cases of ankylosing spondylitis seen in the Medical Research Council Rheumatism Unit's clinics up to January, 1967, including certain selected
Maternal nutrition, placental growth and fetal programming

Babies who are small or disproportionate at birth, or who have altered placental growth have increased rates of CHD, hypertension and non-insulin-dependent diabetes in adult life. These associations are thought to reflect fetal ‘pro- gramming’. Although little is known about the maternal influences which programme the human fetus, initial studies point to the importance of a mother’s capacity to satisfy nutrient requirements of her fetus through the placental supply line.
Substandard Studies or Substandard “Standard‐of‐Care”

We read with concern the recent paper by Sato et al., which studied the effect of sunlight deprivation versus sunlight exposure on the biochemical and densitometry status and fracture outcomes of elderly institutionalized patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). We question the ethical justification of conducting this study on a group of highly vulnerable individuals whose baseline 25(OH)D levels were already low, at a mean level of 24 nM (by the authors own reference range of 47–61 nM and by international standards). Given the reported benefits of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of fractures and the authors earlier work reporting the high risk of hip fracture in AD patients with low BMD and vitamin D deficiency, we consider that the first requirement should have been to return all patients to a replete state with vitamin D supplementation and examine the additional benefits of daily controlled sunlight exposure. Alternatively, all those with a low vitamin D level could have been excluded from randomization, albeit offering them hip protectors. With mean Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) values of 16/30, the majority of these subjects would have had limited capacity to give informed consent regarding participation in this study. We doubt whether consenting relatives would have appreciated the potential risks they unwittingly exposed their families to, as evidenced by the almost 4-fold increase in hip fracture rate in the “sunlight-deprived” group. No mortality data were provided for the hip fracture patients despite widely available evidence of increased mortality after this fracture, especially in AD patients. In summary, this study on a vulnerable population had the potential for doing harm, and the results could have been largely predictable.
Abasic sites preferentially form at regions undergoing DNA replication

We investigated whether apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP/abasic) sites were more frequent in regions of DNA replication in cells and whether their number increased during oxidative stress. DNA fiber spreading and fluorescent immunostaining were used to detect areas of DNA replication and sites of AP lesions in extended DNA fibers. The distribution of AP sites was determined in DNA fibers from vertebrate cells maintained under normal culture conditions or stressed with exogenous H2O2. AP lesions per unit length were enumerated in bulk DNA or at replication sites. The background density of AP sites in DNA fibers was 5.4 AP sites/106 nt, while newly replicated DNA contained 12.9 AP sites/106 nt. In cells exposed to 20 µMH2O2, AP sites in newly replicated DNA increased to 20.8/106 nt. Determinations of AP site density in bulk DNA by fiber analysis or standard slot blot assays agreed to within 10%. Our findings show that the fiber assay not only accurately determines the frequency of AP sites but also shows their distribution. They also reveal that there is increased susceptibility to oxidative damage in DNA regions undergoing replication, which may explain the previously observed clustering of AP sites. —Chastain II, P. D. , Nakamura, J., Rao, S. , Chu, H. , Ibrahim, J. G. , Swenberg, J. A. , Kaufman, D. G. Abasic sites preferentially form at regions undergoing DNA replication. FASEB J. 24, 3674–3680 (2010). www.fasebj. org
Special Issue: Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors and Batteries

Electrochemical capacitors and rechargeable batteries have received worldwide attention due to their excellent energy storage capability for a variety of applications. The rapid development of these technologies is propelled by the advanced electrode materials and new energy storage systems. It is believed that research efforts can improve the device performance to meet the ever-increasing requirements of high energy density, high power density and long cycle life. This Special Issue aims to provide readers with a glimpse of different kinds of electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors and batteries.
Phylogenetic relationships among species of Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Debaryomyces and Schwanniomyces determined from partial ribosomal RNA sequences

Species of the genera Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Debaryomyces and Schwanniomyces were compared from their extent of divergence in three regions from small (18S) and large (25S) subunit ribosomal RNAs comprising a total of 900 nucleotides. With the exception of the closely related Saccharomyces bayanus and S. pastorianus, which appear to have identical sequences, all other species could be distinguished by nucleotide differences in a variable region of the large subunit, and genus‐specific nucleotides were discernible in all three regions. The taxon D. tamarii differed markedly from other species and is excluded from Debaryomyces. By contrast, Schwanniomyces occidentalis showed few nucleotide differences with Debaryomyces spp. and its transfer to Debaryomyces is proposed. Schizosaccharomyces proved to be somewhat more divergent than Saccharomyces and Debaryomyces, but species differences appear insufficient for dividing the genus. Some of the factors influencing estimates of phylogenetic distances from rRNA sequences are discussed.
[Influence of V.A.C.-therapy on cytokines and growth factors in traumatic wounds].

OBJECTIVE Clinical observations have shown an accelerated wound healing in wounds of patients treated by Vacuum Assisted Closure (V.A.C.)-therapy. The mechanisms of improved wound healing on cellular level have been hitherto less investigated. In this study the levels of proinflammatory interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10) and growth factors (VEGF, FGF-2) in serum and wound were monitored. METHODS The study included 21 patients with traumatic wounds that could not be closed during the first surgical intervention. The soft tissue defects (n = 21) were closed temporarily by Epigard. During the first second-look operation after 2.0 +/- 0.2 days in an average, Epigard was used for another 2.5 +/- 0.4 days as temporary soft tissue coverage in 13 patients (group A). In the remaining 8 patients the wound conditioning was done by V.A. C. (R) for 2.4 +/- 0.3 days (group B). A total of 428 samples of serum and wound fluid samples were collected during the first and second look operation. Levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF and FGF were measured specific by ELISA. RESULTS In all interleukins and growth factors there were significant lower serum level concentrations compared with those in wound fluids. During the first temporary dressing change after wound coverage with Epigard the wound samples showed the following levels [Mean (SEM)]: IL-6 49 816 (19 889) pg/ml, IL-8 54 (16) ng/ml, IL-10 314 (44) pg/ml, VEGF 4 746 (766) pg/ml, FGF-2 494 (89) pg/ml. During the second dressing changes we monitored the following levels in group A: IL-6 7 218 (2 542) pg/ml, IL-8 69 (27) ng/ml, IL-10 261 (58) pg/ml, VEGF 3 551 (661) pg/ml, FGF-2 355 (67) pg/ml. In group B the samples of the wound fluid showed the following results: IL-6 16 966 (4 124) pg/ml [p = 0.02], IL-8 223 (91) ng/ml [p = 0.03], IL-10 233 (76) pg/ml [p = 0.38], VEGF 7 490 (1 565) pg/ml [p = 0.01], FGF-2 352 (43) pg/ml [p = 0.48]. CONCLUSION The increased local release of IL-6, IL-8 and VEGF in wounds after V.A. C. -therapy may be involved in the accumulation of neutrophil granulocytes and angiogenesis, which seams to play a crucial role for the accelerated granulation tissue formation after V.A. C. -therapy compared to wounds treated by Epigard.
Rekabet Üstünlügü Saglamada Ic Denetim ve Insan Kaynaklarý Yönetiminin Stratejik Ortaklýgý

Gunumuzde; yeni rekabetci piyasalarin olusumu,karar verme surecinin kisalmasi, tuketici aliskanliklarindaki degisim ve bilgi toplumuna gecilmesi ile birlikte ortaya cikan kuresellesme olgusu; firmalarin, rakipleri karsisinda rekabet ustunlugu saglayabilmeleri acisindan atilimci olmalari zorunlulugunu gundeme getirmistir. Bu calismada genel olarak ic denetim ve insan kaynaklari yonetimi kavramlari hakkinda bilgiler verildikten sonra ic denetim ve insan kaynaklari yonetimi fonksiyonlarinin stratejik ortakliginin isletmenin rekabet ustunlugu saglamasindaki etkisi incelenmektedir.
Long-term effect of pulsed radiofrequency on chronic cervical radicular pain refractory to repeated transforaminal epidural steroid injections.

OBJECTIVE The article aims to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) on the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in patients with chronic cervical radicular pain refractory to repeated transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESIs). DESIGN This is a prospective observational study. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed data on 112 subjects who had received repeated TFESIs for cervical radicular pain. Twenty-nine of those 112 patients continued to complain of persistent cervical radicular pain, despite an average of three repeated TFESIs. Among 29 patients with sustained arm pain of over 4 on the numerical rating scale (NRS), a total of 21 patients were included prospectively. Those 21 patients underwent PRF on the symptomatic cervical DRG and were evaluated carefully for neurologic deficits and side effects. The clinical outcomes were measured via NRS for arm pain before treatment, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Successful pain relief was defined as a 50% or more reduction in the NRS score as compared with the pretreatment score. After 12 months, patients' satisfaction levels with treatment were determined. RESULTS Fourteen of the 21 patients (66.7%) after cervical PRF stimulation reported pain relief of 50% or more at the 3-month and 12-month follow-up periods, respectively. Fifteen of the 21 patients (71.4%) were satisfied with their outcome at 12 months' posttreatment. No serious adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION Application of PRF to the DRG appears to be an effective and relatively safe intervention technique for chronic cervical radicular pain refractory to repeated TFESIs.
SURF Based Image Matching from Different Angle of Viewpoints using Rectification and Simplified Orientation Correction

— Speeded-Up Robust Feature (SURF) is commonly used for feature matching in stereovision because of their robustness towards scale changes and rotational changes. However, SURF feature cannot cope with large viewpoint changes or skew distortion. This paper introduces a method which can help to improve the wide baseline’s matching performance in term of accuracy by rectifying the image using two vanishing points. Simplified orientation correction was used to remove the false matching.
Central Limit Theory for Kernel-Self Normalized Tail-Trimmed Sums of Dependent, Heterogeneous Data with Applications

Although robust estimation methods were formalized by the late 1800’s, data trimming and truncation for non-iid data has received little attention. We present Gaussian central limit theorems for tail-trimmed sums of a heavy tailed weakly dependent process in the Feller class. We assume distribution tails are stationary, and otherwise leave stationarity and heterogeneity unrestricted. The sum is selfnormalized with a consistent kernel variance estimator, so the rate of convergence, tail thickness and memory persistence do not need to be speci…ed beyond fairly minimal regularity conditions, hence robust inference is available. The theory applies to mixing and non-mixing processes, including linear and nonlinear distributed lags, and linear and nonlinear random volatility with smooth or non-smooth errors. We show how the results imply asymptotic normality for sample tail-trimmed variances and covariances, and a super- p n-convergent least squares estimator for in…nite vari