Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Water around IRAS 15398–3359 observed with ALMA

Context. Understanding how protostars accrete their mass is one of the fundamental problems of star formation. High dust column densities and complex kinematical structures make direct observations challenging. Moreover, direct observations only provide a snapshot. Chemical tracers provide an interesting alternative to characterise the infall histories of protostars. Aims. We aim to map the distribution and kinematics of gaseous water towards the low-mass embedded protostar IRAS 15398-3359. Previous observations of H13CO+ showed a depression in the abundance towards IRAS 15398-3359. This is a sign of destruction of HCO+ by an enhanced presence of gaseous water in an extended region, possibly related to a recent burst in the accretion. Direct observations of water vapour can determine the exact extent of the emission and confirm the hypothesis that HCO+ is indeed a good tracer of the water snow-line. Methods. IRAS 15398-3359 was observed using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 0.5? resolution in two setups at 390 and 460 GHz. Maps of HDO (101-000) and were taken simultaneously with observations of the CS (8-7) and N2H+ (5-4) lines and continuum at 0.65 and 0.75 mm. The maps were interpreted using dust radiative transfer calculations of the protostellar infalling envelope with an outflow cavity. Results. HDO is clearly detected and extended over the scales of the H13CO+ depression, although it is displaced by ~500 AU in the direction of the outflow. HO is tentatively detected towards the red-shifted outflow lobe, but otherwise it is absent from the mapped region, which suggests that temperatures are low. Although we cannot entirely exclude a shock origin, this indicates that another process is responsible for the water emission. Conclusions. Based on the temperature structure obtained from dust radiative transfer models, we conclude that the water was most likely released from the grains in an extended hour-glass configuration during a recent accretion burst. HDO is only detected in the region closest to the protostar, at distances of up to 500 AU. These signatures can only be explained if the luminosity has recently been increased by orders of magnitudes. Additionally, the densities in the outflow cones must be sufficiently low.
Characterization of Geotechnical Properties of Lateritic Soil-Bentonite Mixtures Relevant to Their Use as Barriar in Engineered Waste Landfills

The purpose of this study was to characterize lateritic soil bentonite mixtures intended for use as low-permeability barrier in municipal waste disposal land ll. Characterization of the soil mixtures included measurement of Atterberg limits, compaction properties, hydraulic conductivity, shear strength, and desiccation shrinkage potential. Accordingly, laboratory tests involving soil mixtures with 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% bentonite contents, prepared at varying compaction states (2% dry of optimum, optimum and 2% wet of optimum) and compacted using West African stan- dard (WAS) compactive e ort were carried out. Results show that mixtures with bentonite are adjudged to be suitable materials for liners because they met the statutory hydraulic conductivity requirement (i.e., k ≤ 1.0 x 10 -9 m/s). Acceptable volumetric shrinkage strain of ≤ 4% (a maximum allowable volumetric shrinkage found in literature and adopted by most regulatory agencies for barrier material) was maintained by most soil mixtures. Although, slight reduction in shear strength was established, uncon ned compressive strength (UCS) values for all soil mixtures met or exceeded the general speci cation i.e., UCS ≥ 200 kN/m 2 required for performance in waste repositories. Keywords: barrier, bentonite, hydraulic structures, lateritic soil, waste land ll
Sparse Haar-Like Feature and Image Similarity-Based Detection Algorithm for Circular Hole of Engine Cylinder Head

If the circular holes of an engine cylinder head are distorted, cracked, defective, etc., the normal running of the equipment will be affected. For detecting these faults with high accuracy, this paper proposes a detection method based on feature point matching, which can reduce the detection error caused by distortion and light interference. First, the effective and robust feature vectors of pixels are extracted based on improved sparse Haar-like features. Then we calculate the similarity and find the most similar matching point from the image. In order to improve the robustness to the illumination, this paper uses the method based on image similarity to map the original image, so that the same region under different illumination conditions has similar spatial distribution. The experiments show that the algorithm not only has high matching accuracy, but also has good robustness to the illumination.
The entangled geographies of global justice networks

The recent emergence of global justice networks (GJNs) to counter neoliberal globalization has been an important political and geographical phenomenon. Much has been written about the emergence of a new global civil society, centred upon a new `network' ontology. In engaging with these debates in this paper, our purpose is to develop a more critical spatial perspective. We argue that issues of space and place are critical in understanding the operation of GJNs and their potential to contribute to an alternative global politics. Spatially, the global linkages of GJNs can be seen as creating cultural and spatial configurations that connect places with each other in opposition to neoliberalism. However, the individual movements that comprise networks, while not necessarily place-restricted, remain heavily territorialized in their struggles. Additionally, networks evolve unevenly over space. Some groups and actors within them are able to develop extensive translocal connections and associations whereas others remain relatively more localized. Potential conflicts arise from such complex geographies, which only become evident through analysing the operation and evolution of different networks. This leads us to focus not solely on the transnational character of networks but also upon how the global is enacted through the localized practices of movements within them, in considering the potential for GJNs to form more sustainable political alternatives to neoliberalism.
Surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis in the State of Tamil Nadu.

Summary: Surveillance of drug resistance was carried out at State level to obtain data which are standardised and comparable using guidelines prescribed by the WHO/IUATLD Working Group on Anti-tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance. Objective: To determine the proportion of initial and acquired drug resistance in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in Tamilnadu, in order to use the level of drug resistance as a performance indicator of the National Tuberculosis Programme. Methods: Two specimens of sputum from each of a total of 713 patients attending 145 participating centres all over the state were tested by smear and culture examination and drug susceptibility tests of Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol and Streptomycin. Results: Out of 400 patients for whom drug susceptibility results were available, 384 (96%) had no history of previous anti-tuberculosis treatment. Of these, 312 (81%) were susceptible to all the drugs tested. Resistance to isoniazid was seen in 15.4% of patients and to Rifampicin in 4.4% including resistance to Isoniazid and Rifampicin in 3.4%. Conclusion: There has been a gradual increase in initial drug resistance over the years in this part of the country.
"High tech" metabolic measurements: useful in daily clinical practice?

Metabolic carts (MC) for indirect calorimetry are expensive, require the use of meticulous technique by trained personnel, and impose conditions that are difficult to maintain in critically ill patients. Of 822 nutrition teams surveyed, 101 of 420 respondents had MC, and 47 were considering purchase. Forty-one with MC never used them, and of the remaining 60 users, two-thirds performed fewer than 10 measurements per month, citing calibration difficulties and clinical problems as frequent limiting factors. Sixty-one% of users had no protocol for MC use. Although 95% of users would alter energy input, and 78% would modify nonprotein substrate based on MC results, 43% found O2 consumption and 33% found CO2 production significantly different from expected values. Five noted extremely inconsistent results with MC. Because of frequent dissatisfaction by MC owners due to expense, repairs, calibration difficulties, and technical limitations in critically ill patients most likely to benefit, and a 40% nonuse among teams with MC, MC do not seem to be a justifiable investment for most clinical nutrition practices, unless a suitable commitment is also made to provide skilled personnel, to institute protocols, and to implement frequent use.
MODEL ANALYSIS OF ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION OF VVER-440 SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL

This paper presents an analysis of the isotopic composition of spent nuclear fuel under different operating conditions. Calculations were made for fuel assemblies of a VVER-440 reactor with second-generation Gd-2 fuel with enrichment of 4.25% 235 U. The isotopic concentration was analyzed as a function of burnup of nineteen isotopes, selected on the basis of environmental risk, such as main fuel isotopes 235 U, 236 U, 238 U, 239 Pu, 240 Pu, 241 Pu, as well as some actinides, and fission products, such as 237 Np, 238 Pu, 242 Pu, 241 Am, 242 Am, 242 Cm, 244 Cm, 245 Cm, 90 Sr, 93 Zr, 99 Tc, 129 I, 137 Cs. The SCALE 6 computer code was used for model design and computer analysis.
Comparative Politics and Public Finance

We propose a model with micropolitical foundations to contrast different political regimes. Compared to a parliamentary regime, the institutions of a presidential‐congressional regime produce fewer incentives for legislative cohesion but more separation of powers. These differences are reflected in the size and composition of government spending. A parliamentary regime has redistribution toward a majority, less underprovision of public goods, and more rents to politicians; a presidential‐congressional regime has redistribution toward powerful minorities, more underprovision of public goods, but less rents to politicians. The size of government is smaller under a presidential regime. This last prediction is consistent with cross‐country data.
Disaster Data Centre—An Innovative Educational Tool for Disaster Reduction through Education in Schools

During the last decades, mankind has suffered from devastation caused by natural disasters and technological accidents of increased frequency and children are among the most vulnerable population group, especially those attending school during times of disaster. The importance of education in promoting and enabling disaster risk reduction has already been identified by re- searchers. In this paper "Disaster Date Center (DDC)" is presented, a new, powerful and innovative tool for the study of and education on disasters. One noteworthy application of DDC is the educa- tional and public awareness tool in the form of e-learning.
Is There a Demand Response by Patients in Primary Care

We test whether a demand response by patients exists in the Norwegian primary care sector. In Norway, physicians are remunerated either by salary or by incentive contract, and we have access to a large data survey that allows us to study the relationship between consumer satisfaction with primary physician services and the way physicians are paid. In addition, we can identify areas (municipalities) where market demand for primary physicians’ services is responsive to effort. When a demand response exists, we expect that patients’ benefit is higher and that patients are more satisfied when visiting a contract physician. As expected, we find very small effects of the salary physician density on reported patient satisfaction in municipalities where market demand is nonresponsive to physicians’ choice of effort. In municipalities with responsive market demand, we find a negative association between salary physician density and patients’ satisfaction with their physician.
Ovulation Induction in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: What is the Optimal Option?

Infertility is a distressing medical and psychosocial problem afflicting about a quar- ter of all couples wanting to reproduce their offspring. Majority of the anovulatory problem in the female, as a cause of infertility, is due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This condition is a complex interplay of factors, which affect women even beyond their fertility. It has been found to increase the risk of other adverse condi- tions such as the metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes mellitus, and endometrial cancer as well as infertility. Different groups have made diagnosis of PCOS with various diagnostic criteria. The Rotterdam criteria used in the diagnosis of PCOS mainly emphasize the reproductive malfunctions of this com- plex disease. The treatment of anovulatory infertility in PCOS is as enigmatic as the disease itself. Various methods have been deployed to treat the anovulation with variable success. Clomiphene citrate is a traditional first-line drug in treating anovulation in women with PCOS. Weight reduction, letrozole, metformin, follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) and ovarian drilling are some of the other ways in which anovulation has been treated in these women. What method is more likely to succeed in treating the infertility from anovulation in PCOS and in what circumstance are the subject matters of this discussion.
Hierarchical decentralized control of a five-link biped robot

Most of the biped robots are controlled using pre-computed trajectories methods or methods based on the multibody dynamics models. The pre-computed trajectory based methods are simple but the system gets highly vulnerable to the external disturbances. In contrast, the dynamically based methods make the system acts faster, but they need extensive knowledge about the kinematics and dynamics of the system. This fact gave rise to the main purpose of this study, i.e., developing a controller for a biped robot to take advantages of the simplicity and computational eciency of trajectory-based methods and the robustness of the dynamic-based approach. To do so, this paper presents a twolayer hierarchical control framework for an under-actuated, planar, 5-link biped robot model. The upper layer contains a centralized dynamic-based controller and uses all system sensory data to generate stable walking. The lower layer in this structure is a decentralized trajectory-based controller network which learns to control the system based on the upper layer controller output. Whenthe lower controller fails to control the system, upper layer controller takes action and makes the system stable. Then, when the lower layer controller gets ready, the control of the system will be handed to this layer.
THE LARGEST NATURAL FRESHWATER LAKE IN SPAIN

The Lake of Sanabria, at an altitude of 1000 m. above sea level, and a surface area of 3,187,500 m2 is of glacial origin. According to its physical and chemical factors this lake is oligotrophic, monomictic temperate, with a winter circulation at 8 T and thermal stratification in the summer. Its transparency is high (5-9 m., Secchi disk). The main nutrients are present at low concentrations, with a vertical distribution that is nearly homogeneous during winter circulation and with an orthograde trend during thermal stratification. Its nutrient levels are not very closely related to greater abundances of phytoplanktonic algae. Chlorophyll levels are generally low ( mean 2,2 pgr.1-'). Chroococcal Cyanophyceae and Chlorococcal Chlorophyceae are the best represented groups in the phytoplankton, specially during chlorophyll peaks. Other groups, such as Diatoms, Chrisophyceae and Criptophyceae are scarce. Macrophytes are represented along the poorest ground shores by Isoetes i. ,elata, M)iriophyllum alter-niflor-um and other species, and in the richest ones by Equisetum fluviatile and Eleochur-is palinstris. Zooplankton are represented by 12 main Rotifer and Crustacean species that follow a stable pattern of succession. Their composition is characteristic of an oligotrophic lake.
Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidative Defense and Level of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine in Cervical Cancer Patients

Summary Oxidative stress has been associated with cervical cancer. Our aim was to examine lipid peroxidation and the extent of oxidative stress in women diagnosed with different stages of cervical cancer in order to evaluate its potential role in the evolution of cancer. We measured the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, activities of antioxidative enzymes and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine in 153 subjects. Enzymatic activity as well as TBARS concentration were measured spectrophotometrically, while 8-OHdG was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. PPatients were categorized: group II H-SIL; group III FIGO Ia-Ib and group IV FIGO IIa-IV. Our results showed highly significant increase in the level of lipid peroxidation in group IV when com pared to the control group, group II and group III (p<0.001). Activity of superoxide dismutase was also significantly higher in group IV when compared to control group (p<0.01), group II (p<0.01) and group III (p<0.05). Activity of catalase was also significantly higher in group IV when compared to control group (p<0.005), group II (p<0.005) and group III (p<0.05). Activity of glutathione-S-transferase was also significantly higher in group IV when compared to control group (p<0.05), group II (p<0.05) and group III (p<0.05). Activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase showed no significant differences among the groups. Level of 8-OHdG was significantly higher in group IV than in the other groups (p<0.01). It can be concluded that oxidative stress is possibly involved in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer, demonstrated by increased lipid peroxidation and an altered antioxidant defense system and higher levels of 8-OHdG.
Paratransit operations and institutions in Nairobi: a concept paper on paratransit strategy

The paper outlines the literature review of strategy as an analytical concept. This starts with explaining business policy as the root of strategy as an analytical concept. It then shows the move to industrial organisation viewpoint which places emphasis on external or market view of strategy formulation. Such emphasis in effect treats the firm as an abstract economic entity and often as a black box, not as a social institution with an economic purpose. An alternative approach, suggesting that business strategy should focus on internal resources as the main driver, is proposed. The resource based perspective is used as a basis on which paratransit strategy is formulated to deal with the various institutions both within and outside their operating environment to gain competitive advantage. In conclusions, the research identified four criteria that the resources should satisfy to be homogenous and therefore provide competitive advantage to the paratransit operators. The dynamic capability, the operators’ distinctive competence in utilising such resources was also identified.
Market oriented strategic flexibility and market performance of the furniture industry in Southwest Nigeria under fierce competitive environment

The paper examined the relationship between market-oriented strategic flexibility and market performance of the furniture industry in the South west under fierce competitive environment. This study was developed around resource based view and capability theories. Copies of well-structured questionnaire were administered to the members of the furniture industry in Lagos and Ogun States only. Validity and reliability of the instruments were measured by Cronbach’s alpha at 0.93. Pearson product moment correlation analysis was used in analyzing the data collected for the study. The finding revealed that there was a relationship between resource portfolio and firm’s profit; deployment of resources and market share; and the greater the demand uncertainty, the stronger will be the positive relationship between strategic flexibility and market performance. The conclusion showed that firms were unable to compete favorably because of lack of exposure to cutting edge information and limited financial and intellectual resources. It recommended that conscious efforts be made by the Centre for Management Development (CMD) to encourage members of the furniture industry; as a matter of necessity; to incorporate strategic flexibility into the routine of the firms. Also, the engagement of strategic planning professional will place at the disposal of furniture industry; relevant skills and experience required to attain their business goals. The government should also give incentives, such as tax relief and establishment of special intervention funds to local manufacturers of furniture.
Clustering mechanism for content-based system in DHT-based overlay networks

A generic pub/sub communication system (often referred to in the literature as Event Service or Notification Service) is composed of a set of nodes distributed over a communication network. Clients to the systems are divided according to their role into publishers, which act as producers of information, and subscribers, which act as consumers of information. Clients are not required to communicate directly among themselves but they are rather decoupled: the interaction takes place through the nodes of the pub/sub system. There are several architectural options and subscription models for publish-subscribe communication. We focus on content-based publish subscribe, and we explore an architectural options for realizing the broker overlay, namely peer-to-peer structured. We propose a novel adaptive content-based subscription management system, relying on a Distributed Hash Table routing infrastructure. We define a model for the event space guaranteeing the expressiveness for any application domain. Also we provide mechanism to dynamically identify groups of users with similar preferences (multicast group) based on clustering algorithms for the users preferences.
The Informative Value of Changes in the ST Segment for the Prognostication of Lethal Outcome within 30 Days in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

In this paper was analyzed the informative value of the multidimensional variable – the dislocation of the ST segment from the isoelectric line for the prognostication of lethal outcome (LO) within 30 days with the help of multivariate logistic regression and determined the risk groups for LO within 30 days. The study included 462 patients who for the first time experienced acute myocardial infarction (MI). The patients were followed up for 30 days from the onset of MI, including hospital period. In our patients the elevation or depression of the ST segment from isoline in ECG registered within the first hours ranged from 0 to 9 mm. The multivariate model was developed using only those ST segment markers whose p values of likelihood ratio statistic in multidimensional logistic regression model did not exceed 0,2. The models were developed using the variable removal method, taking into consideration the strong correlation between some markers. In this study for clinical practice was introduced the ST informative score (STS). When using ST score, the patients were differentiated into ST score 3 risk groups: low, medium and high. In the high risk group (ST score > 25) lethal outcome occurred in 31 % of patients, in the low risk group (ST score ≤ 11) lethal outcome occurred in 1.9 % of cases (p < 0.0001). Ill. 3, bibl. 10 (in English; summaries in Lithuanian, English and Russian).