Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Autoimmunity in thermal injury: occurrence of rheumatoid factors, antinuclear antibodies and antiepithelial antibodies.

Immunologic changes in patients and experimental animals with skin burns include impairment of delayed hypersensitivity and the presence of autoantibodies. We have studied thirty-one patients with burns (2–46% area, 12–82 years old) to determine the incidence of autoantibodies, to evaluate their clinical significance and to explore the burn syndrome as a model of autoimmunity. By indirect immunofluorescence, sixteen sera (52%) showed antiepithelial (`pemphigus-like') antibody and seven gave basement layer staining. The antibody did not fix complement in vitro. Eleven (35%) had antinuclear antibodies reactive with rat liver nuclei. Tests for antiDNA and deoxyribonucleoprotein were negative. Twenty patients had positive latex fixation tests (LFT) (67%) with titres above 1:80 in eight. Eight of twenty-eight (32%) had a positive sheep cell agglutination test (SCAT). Patients over 59 years tended to be more reactive in tests for rheumatoid factor (RF) than the younger group. The incidence of positive LFT and SCAT was significantly higher than controls. There was no clear relationship of the presence of one antibody to the other nor to the severity and final outcome of the injury.
Characteristics of listener sensitivity to talker-specific phonetic detail.

Previous research shows that listeners are sensitive to talker differences in phonetic properties of speech, including voice-onset-time (VOT) in word-initial voiceless stop consonants, and that learning how a talker produces one voiceless stop transfers to another word with the same voiceless stop [Allen, J. S. , and Miller, J. L. (2004). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 115, 3171-3183]. The present experiments examined whether transfer extends to words that begin with different voiceless stops. During training, listeners heard two talkers produce a given voiceless-initial word (e.g., pain). VOTs were manipulated such that one talker produced the voiceless stop with relatively short VOTs and the other with relatively long VOTs. At test, listeners heard a short- and long-VOT variant of the same word (e.g., pain) or a word beginning with a different voiceless stop (e.g., cane or coal), and were asked to select which of the two VOT variants was most representative of a given talker. In all conditions, which variant was selected at test was in line with listeners' exposure during training, and the effect was equally strong for the novel word and the training word. These findings suggest that accommodating talker-specific phonetic detail does not require exposure to each individual phonetic segment.
Repair of Scleromalacia Using Preserved Scleral Graft With Amniotic Membrane Transplantation

Purpose. To evaluate the use of preserved scleral graft with amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for the surgical repair of scleromalacia. Methods. A prospective study of eight eyes (eight patients) was performed. We grafted glycerin-preserved sclera onto the areas of scleral thinning with impending perforation and then covered them with an amniotic membrane with a thick basement membrane instead of a conjunctival flap. Results. All patients experienced loss of ocular pain and inflammation, rapid reepithelialization of the ocular surface, and marked improvement in visual acuity. All of the scleral grafts remained intact, and no recurrence of scleromalacia was observed. Conclusion. Preserved scleral graft with AMT was simple, fast, and effective. It was particularly advantageous when large scleral defects or conjunctival scarring was present. With these therapeutic results, preserved scleral graft with AMT qualifies as a new treatment alternative for scleromalacia.
Design of broadband slotted ground plane microstrip antenna for 3G communication

Designs for small, lightweight and low profile broadband antennas, able to operate within the 3G frequency band, are proposed and investigated. By inserting different shapes of slot in the ground plane and loading the antenna with high permittivity, the desired bandwidth and the required size of microstrip antenna can be achieved. Three different slotted ground microstrip antennas are realised and shown to be suitable for 3G mobile communication. Practical results are in good agreement with predictions
Soft-shell clam, Mya arenaria, a convenient laboratory animal for screening pathogens of bivalve mollusks.

Attempts to introduce infectious or foreign material into oysters and other bivalve mollusks usually involve force or trauma because of immediate, prolonged adduction of the tightly closing valves. The soft-shell clam, Mya arenaria, is unable to seal its valves completely and relaxes readily, exposing soft tissue and a large siphon. This species is free from fouling organisms and is readily available at all seasons in the New England and mid-Atlantic areas. Suspensions of five strains of Vibrio sp. that cause bacillary necrosis in larval and juvenile bivalve mollusks were injected into the heart, siphon tissue, and the incurrent and excurrent siphon lumina of soft-shell clams. All vibrio strains caused significant mortality, usually within 2 days. Heaviest losses resulted from heart and excurrent siphon injections. No mortality occurred in control clams injected with seawater, broth, Serratia sp. , and Escherichia coli. The soft-shell clam appears to be a useful animal for testing the pathogenicity of marine microorganisms for bivalve mollusks.
Reducing Handover Delay in Mobile IPv6 by cooperating with Layer 2 and Layer 3 Handovers

Next generation network is progressing based on IP (Internet Protocol). Many services are being appeared in wireless LAN or mobile telecommunication network. To support the portability of the mobile host, Mobile IPv4 and Mobile IPv6 have been standardized on IETF. The Mobile IPv6, which is next generation Internet Protocol for supporting the portability, has been highly concerned. But it has some problems to serve the applications requiring real time transmission because of its handover delay. In order to reduce the delay of Mobile IPv6, the IETF mipshop WG has been taking various researches. However, more efficient fast handover schemes should be needed to applying Mobile IPv6 into the real commercial networks. In this paper, we closely look into the existing schemes for fast handovers and propose new efficient and fast handover scheme. Performance analysis using simulation shows that the proposed scheme is better than the previous ones in view of delay performance.
The effect of smoking cessation on airway inflammation in young asthma patients

Smoking has been shown to have several detrimental effects on asthma, including poor symptom control, attenuated treatment response and accelerated decline in lung function. In spite of this, smoking is at least as common among asthma patients as in the rest of the population. The aggravations of smoking on asthma may be caused by effects on airway inflammation, which has been found to be changed in asthmatic smokers. It is not known whether these smoking‐induced airway inflammation changes are reversible after smoking cessation.
Study on distance learning scheme based upon Peer to peer(P2P)

Lifelong education is a tendency with the fast progress of society and technologies, and traditional educational forms including correspondence have some limits to meet the new requirements arisen from the tendency. P2P is one of contents distributed ways, in which all the hosts are treated equally and can access and make use of each other's resources such as storage of hard disk and CPU. The idea of combined P2P technology with e-learning platforms was brought forward to resolve the problem arisen form the lifelong education, which would decrease the time delay including retrieving and transmission, to cut down the bandwidth needed in this paper. The system structure was put forward and numerical analysis method was used to show the effect of the idea.
Alterations in the radiosensitivity of CHO cells by anisotonic treatments: correlations between cell lethality and chromosomal aberrations.

The frequency of chromosomal aberrations and cell lethality induced in synchronous CHO cells by X irradiation alone or X irradiation combined with a treatment of 0.05) or 1.5 M NaCl has been examined. Treatment with hypotonic 0.05 M NaCl increased the radiosensitivity, i.e., decreased the D/sub 0/ in M (D/sub 0/ from 87 to 61 rad), in G/sub 1/ (D/sub 0/ from 156 to 122 rad) and in S (D/sub 0/ from 165 to 128 rad). Exposure to hypertonic (1.5 M) NaCl decreased the radiosensitivity in G/sub 1/ and S; i.e., increased the D/sub 0/ in G/sub 1/ (D/sub 0/ from 156 to 182 rad) and in S (D/sub 0/ from 165 to 232 rad), while exposure to 1.5 M NaCl increased the radiosensitivity in mitosis (D/sub 0/ from 87 to 78 rad). The 0.05 or 1.5 M salt treatments had no observable effect on the radiation-induced division delay. The appearance of tetraploid cells following treatment of mitotic cells with 1.5 M NaCl indicates that the hypertonic treatment probably had a deleterious effect on the mitotic apparatus. Except for a decrease in the frequency of radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations in mitotic cells treated with 1.5 M NaCl, the changes in themore » frequency of chromosomal aberrations caused by the salt treatments correlated well with the changes in lethality delineated above. These positive correlations can be illustrated best by a plot of the logarithm of survival versus aberration frequency where the data points fell on a straight line havinga D tilde/sub 0/ of 0.8 aberration per cell. The salt-induced changes in cellular radiosensitivity are hypothesized to be caused by changes in the indirect effect of radiation, associated with free radicals produced in water and interacting in chromatin. « less
Evaluation of the adequacy of outpatient antidepressant treatment.

OBJECTIVE Most studies evaluating the adequacy of antidepressant treatment have focused on the relatively small segment of the medicated population with a diagnosis of depression. This study assessed the rates and determinants of the adequacy of antidepressant treatment among all outpatients who receive antidepressants. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted using pharmacy claims made by patients with a primary care physician in a managed care plan at an academic medical center from 1996 through 1999. Adequate antidepressant treatment was defined as prescription of the lowest likely effective dosage of an antidepressant for at least 90 consecutive days. Data for a total of 15,476 records and 1,550 patients were available. RESULTS Overall, 46 percent of the patients receiving antidepressants received minimally adequate treatment. The rates of adequate treatment were significantly higher among patients whose antidepressant prescriptions were written by both primary care physicians and psychiatrists than among patients whose antidepressants were prescribed solely by primary care physicians (61 percent versus 31 percent). Patients who had trials of SSRIs had significantly higher rates of treatment adequacy than those who had trials of tricyclic antidepressants but not SSRIs (51 percent compared with 27 percent) or trials with other antidepressants only (24 percent). CONCLUSIONS Pharmacy claims from all patients receiving antidepressants indicate that these drugs are prescribed in ways that are unlikely to be fully effective across the broad spectrum of patients. Adequate antidepressant treatment trials were most likely when psychiatrists collaborated with primary care physicians or other specialists and when SSRIs were used.
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Sokotrasterol Sulfate-stimulated Primary Human Endothelial Cells *S

The endothelium forms a continuous monolayer at the interface between blood and tissue and contributes significantly to the sensing and transducing of signals between blood and tissue. New blood vessel formation, or angiogenesis, is initiated by the activation of endothelial cells and is an important process required for various pathological and physiological situations. This study used cleavable isotope-coded affinity tag reagents combined with mass spectrometry to investigate the molecular basis of a recently discovered angiogenesis-promoting steroid, sokotrasterol sulfate. Changes in the relative abundances of over 1000 proteins within human endothelial cells treated with sokotrasterol sulfate and vehicle-treated cells were identified and quantitated using this technique. A method that examines the entire ensemble of quantitative measurements was developed to identify proteins that showed a statistically significant change in relative abundance resulting from treatment with sokotrasterol sulfate. A total of 93 proteins was significantly up-regulated, and 37 were down-regulated in response to sokotrasterol sulfate stimulation of endothelial cells. Among the up-regulated proteins, several were identified that are novel to endothelial cells and are likely involved in cell communication and morphogenesis. These findings are consistent with a role for sokotrasterol sulfate in endothelial sprouting.
Long‐Term Carcinogenicity Bioassays on Trichloroethylene Administered by Inhalation to Sprague‐Dawley Rats and Swiss and B6C3F1 Mice

Trichloroethylene was administered by inhalation, 7 hours daily, 5 days weekly, for 8 weeks, at concentrations of 600, 100 and 0 ppm, to Sprague-Dawley rats and Swiss mice; and for 104 weeks to Sprague-Dawley rats; and for 78 weeks to Swiss and B6C3F1 mice at concentrations of 600, 300, 100 and 0 ppm. The animals were kept under observation until spontaneous death. In the experiments reported herein, 3768 animals were studied. Under the experimental conditions, trichloroethylene appears to be carcinogenic in rats and mice (particularly in male Swiss mice). The most relevant finding was the dose-related increased incidence of Leydig cell tumors in male rats, and the onset of few renal tubuli adenocarcinomas at the highest dose, always in rats (4/130 males and 1/130 females). The renal tubuli adenocarcinomas were preceded by, and associated with, a characteristic lesion of the kidney: tubuli cell karyomegaly (megalonucleocytosis).
Bandpass sampling for multiband signal on exponent demodulation function

We consider the problem of uniform Fourier bandpass sampling of multiband signal from the view of discrete frequency spectra. The sampling theory of multiband signal has been well established for a long time. Recently the improvement to compressed sampling for multiband signal ignites the excitement of the researchers again. The main focus of analog CS approach is on the Fourier transform model the multiband signal can be reliably reconstructed from sub-Nyquist sampled data. Extending the idea of analog CS, the novel formwork of this paper is based on the Fourier sampling. In order to apply discrete frequency spectra to bandpass sampling, we introduce an exponent demodulation function to the traditional bandpass sampling formwork. Under the new sampling formwork, the valid minimum sampling frequency of multiband signal is decreased.
Isolation of Additional Bacteriophages with Genomes of Segmented Double-Stranded RNA

ABSTRACT Eight different bacteriophages were isolated from leaves ofPisum sativum, Phaseolus vulgaris,Lycopersicon esculentum, Daucus carota sativum,Raphanus sativum, and Ocimum basilicum. All contain three segments of double-stranded RNA and have genomic-segment sizes that are similar but not identical to those of previously described bacteriophage φ6. All appear to have lipid-containing membranes. The base sequences of some of the viruses are very similar but not identical to those of φ6. Three of the viruses have little or no base sequence identity to φ6. Two of the viruses, φ8 and φ12, contain proteins with a size distribution very different from that of φ6 and do not package genomic segments of φ6. Whereas φ6 attaches to host cells by means of a pilus, several of the new isolates attach directly to the outer membrane. Although the normal hosts of these viruses seem to be pseudomonads, those viruses that attach directly to the outer membrane can establish carrier states in Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium. One of the isolates, φ8, can form plaques on heptoseless strains of S. typhimurium.
Extracellular ATP in the Immune System: More Than Just a “Danger Signal”

Extracellular ATP is an important modulator of immune responses. Extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate (eATP) is ubiquitously used for cell-to-cell communication. The low concentration of eATP ([eATP]) that exists in a “halo” surrounding resting cells signals the presence of neighboring living cells. Transient increases in [eATP] are used for basic physiological signaling, namely, in the nervous and vascular systems. Larger increases in [eATP] that are associated with cell death serve as a key “danger” signal in inflammatory processes. Two studies now point to roles for ATP in the immune system: providing a costimulatory signal to T cells and driving the differentiation of intestinal T helper 17 (TH17) cells.
Understanding Farmer Decision Making in Northern Lao PDR

Everyday farmers in upland Laos negotiate and strategize a sea of constraints to try to feed their families. Through the use of ranking, participant observation, and semi-structured interviews, this article examines farmer decision-making environments in Northern Lao PDR where the political ecology of the country greatly undermines development efforts on every level. Government agendas limit farmer access to land while development projects and corruption exploit upland resources. Laos' historically embedded system of patronage and socio-ethnic hierarchy benefit the rich at the expense of the rural, ethnic minority poor. Work culture, ethnic background, gender, and stakeholder interests influence crop preferences and farming patterns. Farmers consider geography, physical environment, lack of infrastructure, and market access. Though a state-sanctioned agricultural transition from subsistence to cash crop farming is under way, the state's commitment to this development scheme is in question.
Image Based Visual Servoing through Nonlinear Model Predictive Control

Image based visual servoing (IBVS) is a vision sensor based control architecture. In classical approach, an image Jacobian matrix maps image space errors into errors in Cartesian space. Then a simple proportional control law can be applied guaranteeing local convergence to a desired set point. One of the main advantage of IBVS is its robustness w.r. t camera and robot calibration errors and image measurement errors. Nevertheless, this scheme can not deal with nonlinear constraint such as joint limits and actuator saturation. Visibility constraint is not ensured with classical IBVS. A new IBVS scheme based on nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) is proposed considering the direct dynamic model of the robot, its joint and torque limits, the camera projection model and the visibility constraint. Simulations exhibit the efficiency and the robustness of the proposed solution to control a 6 degrees of freedom mechanical system
Correlation of student's precursor emotion towards learning interest using EEG

Mathematics and science are two important subjects for students to do well in school. Unfortunately, majority of the students are having difficulties in coping with these subjects. Malaysia is ranked third lowest in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) for mathematics and science. An emotionally disturbed student seems to have a problem coping with the learning of mathematics and science thus it is important to identify the demotivating factors affecting the performance of such students. In this paper, we analyze the correlation of precursor emotion towards student interest in learning mathematics and science using electroencephalogram (EEG) device. This correlation and their respective emotion can be analyzed based on the 2-D Affective Space Model (ASM) using four basic emotions of happiness, calmness, fear and sadness as reference stimuli. EEG device was used to extract brain waves signal while answering the mathematics and science questions. The EEG signals were captured on the scalp of the student and features extracted using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC). Neural network classifier of Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) was used to classify the valence and arousal axes for the ASM. Preliminary results show the relationship of precursor emotion and the dynamic emotions of the student while taking the mathematics and science test. We hope that these results can help us further relate the behavior and interest of students towards the learning of mathematics and science. keywords: precursor emotion, student, MFCC, neural network, MLP
( refereed ) Maternal mortality in a Kenyan pastoralist population

Objective: to measure maternal mortality among the Gabbra, a group of nomadic pastoralists living in a remote area of Kenya. Method: as part of a survey of 851 households information on the number of sisters of respondents who died of pregnancy-related causes was collected, and this data was used to calculate maternal mortality statistics using the sisterhood (an indirect) method. Results: the maternal mortality ratio for this population is 599 deaths per 100,000 births (95% confidence intervals 424, 775). The lifetime risk of dying around childbirth is 1 in 30, and the proportion of ever-married sisters under 50 years of age who died from maternal causes is 0.48 (95% confidence intervals 0.38, 0.58). Conclusion: the risk of dying of maternal causes is high in this population.
Gravidade do distúrbio fonológico: julgamento perceptivo e porcentagem de consoantes corretas

TEMA: disturbio Fonologico. OBJETIVO: aplicar o indice de gravidade de Porcentagem de Consoantes Corretas (PCC) e verificar a correlacao entre este indice e o aplicado perceptivamente pelos juizes. METODO: calculou-se o indice de gravidade PCC de 50 sujeitos diagnosticados com disturbio fonologico, apos 60 juizes ouviram as provas de fonologia de cada sujeito e julgaram perceptivamente a gravidade. RESULTADO: o indice PCC aplicado aos sujeitos obteve uma variacao entre 40% e 98%, com uma classificacao predominante da populacao nos graus leve e levemente moderado. CONCLUSAO: existe correlacao entre o julgamento perceptivo dos juizes e os valores do indice PCC.
Use of continuous glucose monitoring in children and adolescents *

Moshe Phillipa,b,c, Thomas Danned, Shlomit Shalitina,b,c, Bruce Buckinghame, Lori Laffelf, William Tamborlaneg, Tadej Battelinoh and for the Consensus Forum Participantsi aThe Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel; bMolecular Endocrinology and Diabetes Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; cSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; dDiabetes Zentrum fur Kinder und Jugendliche, Kinderkrankenhaus auf der Bult, Hannover, Germany; ePediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; fPediatric, Adolescent and Young Adult Section, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; gPediatric Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; hDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes Metabolism, University Children’s Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia and iA complete list of participants in the forum can be found in the acknowledgments.