Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Test Case Generation and Minimization using UML Activity Diagram in Model Driven Environment

Test driven design (TDD) and design driven testing (DDT) are used for test case generation. TDD generates so many duplicated test cases at the end of the project. DDT is novel approach to generate test cases based on design model of application. Comparative study indicates batter result using DDT. White-box traditional regression testing depends on analysis of impact of changes in source code. This practice minimizes the amount of testing required to validate code changes but they do not influence on requirement specification. Black-box testing supports ability to test from higher level design and requirement. Test optimal is a tool to generate test cases based on model driven environment using UML activity diagrams. Traditional approach generates many numbers of large and duplicate test cases. Proposed approach will minimize generated test cases and generate optimal test suite using model driven testing. Changes in design of project, modified activity diagram element will identify common and uncommon test cases. Where uncommon test cases are focused for further testing. Filtering will lead to better available resource utilization and will improve software project management.
New practical power and bit allocation algorithm in DMT systems

One of the advantages for Discrete Multitone(DMT) modulation systems compared to single carrier systems is that the power and bits may be allocated to each subchannel in some way for optimal performance. Some algorithms proposed before have high complexity and use flat power distribution which is not the optimal distribution. Based on the detail analysis of Water-Pouring theorem, a new practical algorithm is presented which match approximately matches the Water-Pouring distribution and can also the discrete bit loading problem. The simulation results show this algorithm has better performance and lower complexity.
Staff line restoration

Optical music recognition (OMR), the conversion of scanned pages of music into a musical database, has reached an exciting level of maturity. Like optical character recognition, it has now reached the point where the returns in accuracy from increasingly sophisticated pattern recognition algorithms appears saturated and more significant gains are being made from the application of structured a priori knowledge. This paper describes one such technique for improved staff line processing-the detection and subsequent correction of bowing in the staff lines, which is an important category given the significant source of music in book form. Two versions of the algorithm are tested: the first, based on mathematical morphology, has the added benefit of automatically fusing small breaks in staff lines, common for example in older works; the second, based on a flood-fill algorithm, requires a minor modification if fragmented staff lines are to be repaired. The correct detection and processing of staff lines is fundamental to OMR. Without adequate knowledge of staff line location, notation superimposed on the staves cannot be correctly separated, classified and processed.
EssayAid: towards a semi-automatic system for assessing student texts

This article introduces a model for the assessment of free text that combines both computerised and human models of assessment. This semi-automatic assessment model represents a new generation of assessment models, which offer the benefits of fully automatic grading and feedback together with the advantages of a human assessor. A model such as this must take into account the various linguistic, technical and pedagogical issues that affect the assessment of texts. In this work, the model is approached from three distinct perspectives. In order to be pedagogically sound, the model has to be based on the findings of research exploring written compositions and writing education. A model for assessing writing has to be firmly grounded in linguistics. A system based on this model can only be made functional if the technological requirements are understood and fulfilled.
Application of signal detection theory to decision making in supervisory control The effect of the operator's experience

Signal detection theory (SDT) was used as a model for a supervisory activity: the decisions of the air-traffic controller using radar. Of particular interest was “ the professional-experience” factor which was studied by comparing the performance of trainee and experienced controllers. Through a distinction allowed by SDT between information processing (d') and the decision process (β ), it was shown that trainees discriminate better than experienced controllers, but that the latter manifest a greater degree of caution. These results are interpreted in terms of different information processing methods (judgement versus calculation) and different evaluations of the costs of possible outcomes. The practical interest of these results is demonstrated both for the evaluation of an operator aiding computer system and for methods of training
Implementing a Natural Language Conversational Interface for Indian Language Computing

Indian language computing is lagging behind due to several reasons, primary amongst them being the unavailability of suitable interfaces for human-computer interaction. Natural Language Conversational Interfaces (NLCIs) play the all important role in improving the usability of interfaces for the Indian masses. In this paper an NLCI incorporating speech and dialog is presented.
On Evaluating Systems for Generating Expressive Music Performance: the Rencon Experience

Abstract Research into music generation and into emulating human musical competence has attracted much attention in the field of computer science. In general, the results of academic research should be verified by assessing ‘objective effectiveness’, which is often represented by a ‘recognition ratio’. Although ‘objective effectiveness’ is also a requirement for research in music generation, it is meaningless unless subjective requisites are also satisfied. However, it is not easy for researchers to execute subjective evaluations within their individual endeavours. To address this difficulty within the research area of computer systems for generating expressive music performances, the Performance Rendering Contest (Rencon) was created. This is an international competition in which entrants present computer systems and the performances generated are graded, and has been held in conjunction with related international conferences. This paper presents an overview of Rencon history, highlighting the evaluative motivation of each contest. In addition, we discuss the possibilities of a new scientific research field in which future Rencons may play a role.
A genetic algorithm to optimise signal phasing in area traffic control

In this paper the use of a genetic algorithm to find a good assignment of signal control stages to links in the network (the link-stage assignment) for TRANSYT is described. In the genetic process, the partially matched crossover operator and exchange mutation operator are used to maintain the feasibility of the sequence of phases. A special conversion algorithm is devised to convert the phase sequences into the link-stage assignment. Results from tests using data from a SCOOT region in Leicester are given.
Experimental Study of Capture Effect for Medium Access Control with ALOHA

In this paper, we investigate the capture effect through experiments conducted with Iris nodes equipped with AT86RF230 radio transceivers. It is shown that the first arriving packet in a collision can capture the radio channel for equal power transmissions and may be decoded depending on the amount of overlap. A new 3‐packet‐capture scenario is introduced and implemented. To be able to understand the impact of capture on the throughput performance of wireless sensor networks, we present an analysis of the capture coefficient using our practical results. For real‐world implementations, the throughput of pure ALOHA considering a finite number of users is presented in analytical form. The capture coefficient is then applied to pure ALOHA as a case study. Using analytical and practical implementations of the capture effect on ALOHA, a very good match in channel throughput performance enhancement is demonstrated over the non‐capture effect case. TinyOS‐2.x is used to program the nodes and to observe data exchange on a computer through a base station.
PDT-Vallex: Czech Valency lexicon linked to treebanks

The valency lexicon PDT-Vallex has been built in close connection with the annotation of the Prague Dependency Treebank project (PDT) and its successors (mainly the Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank project, PCEDT). It contains over 11000 valency frames for more than 7000 verbs which occurred in the PDT or PCEDT. It is available in electronically processable format (XML) together with the aforementioned treebanks (to be viewed and edited by TrEd, the PDT/PCEDT main annotation tool), and also in more human readable form including corpus examples (see the WEBSITE link below). The main feature of the lexicon is its linking to the annotated corpora - each occurrence of each verb is linked to the appropriate valency frame with additional (generalized) information about its usage and surface morphosyntactic form alternatives.
A TWO-STAGE ALGORITHM FOR COMBINED ITERATIVE LEARNING CONTROL WITH REAL-TIME FEEDBACK; A STATE SPACE FORMULATION

Abstract A new combined iterative learning control (ILC) and real-time feedback control (RFC) algorithm has been proposed on the basis of the state space formulation and the two-stage implementation. The proposed method assumes Gaussian disturbances and deals with the batch-wise recurrent and nonrecurrent disturbances by independent LQG formulation for ILC and RFC, respectively. In this way, the problem with the existing combined ILC-RFC methods that the nonrecurrent real-time disturbance causees ILC to digress from its convergence track along the run index could be overcome. The performance of the proposed technique has been demonstrated using numerical simulation.
Nanocrystals and Their Biomedical Applications

Shape controlled synthesis of inorganic nanocrystals is one of the important issues in materials chemistry due to their novel shape dependent properties. Although various shapes of nanocrystals have been developed, a systematic account on the shape control of these nanocrystals still remains an important subject in materials chemistry. In this article, we will overview the recent developments in the geometrical shape evolution of semiconductor and metal oxide nanocrystals obtained by nonhydrolytic synthetic methods. Many structurally unprecedented motifs have appeared as zero-dimesional (D) polyhedrons, one-D rods and wires, two-D plates and prisms, and other advanced shapes such as branched rods, stars, and inorganic dendrites. Important parameters which determine the geometrical shapes of nanocrystals are also illustrated. In addition, as a possible application of such nanocrystals for biomedical sciences, we further describe their utilizations for cancer diagnosis through nanocrystal-assisted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
A novel design of integrated proximity sensors for the white cane

The paper documents a low cost solution for integrating proximity sensors onto the white cane for the blind. It promotes the sensors as a peripheral device that uses digital signal processing and ultrasonics to compute distance measurements using time-delay calculations of ultrasonic signals. The design increases the coverage of the cane and overcomes the common bad habits in techniques of its use. The integrated cane will allow detection of high-level objects and give a greater reaction time for changes in the level of the user's path, such as dips. Initial calculations for the timing of signals, and the coverage of sensors for the cane are explored, and descriptions of signal filtering and audio feedback methods used are discussed.
High-performance wavelet engine

Wavelet processing has shown great promise for a variety of image and signal processing applications. Wavelets are also among the most computationally expensive techniques in signal processing. It is demonstrated that a wavelet engine constructed with residue number system arithmetic elements offers significant advantages over commercially available wavelet accelerators based upon conventional arithmetic elements. Analysis is presented predicting the dynamic range requirements of the reported residue number system based wavelet accelerator.
A protagonist-oriented approach for multiple user interface design

Multiple user interface is a medium where all objects being shared on it can be viewed indifferently from the geographical location and its users can interact with each other in real-time. Designing such an interface for users working collaboratively requires to deal with a number of issues. Herein, our concerns lies on the control component of human-computer interaction design and corresponding user interface software that implements it. We propose a protagonist-based approach approach for multiple user interface design which considers the mapping from a protagonist-oriented notation into extended statecharts.
A 0.9-V 12-mW 5-MSPS algorithmic ADC with 77-dB SFDR

An ultra-low-voltage CMOS two-stage algorithm ADC featuring high SFDR and efficient background calibration is presented. The adopted low-voltage circuit technique achieves high-accuracy high-speed clocking without the use of clock boosting or bootstrapping. A resistor-based input sampling branch demonstrates high linearity and inherent low-voltage operation. The proposed background calibration accounts for capacitor mismatches and finite opamp gain error in the MDAC stages via a novel digital correlation scheme involving a two-channel ADC architecture. The prototype ADC, fabricated in a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process, achieves 77-dB SFDR at 0.9 V and 5MSPS (30 MHz clocking) after calibration. The measured SNR, SNDR, DNL, and INL at 80 kHz input are 50 dB, 50 dB, 0.6 LSB, and 1.4 LSB, respectively. The total power consumption is 12 mW, and the active die area is 1.4 mm/sup 2/.
A high-speed current-mode sense-amplifier for (CMOS SRAM's)

A new merged current-mode sense-amplifier engaging current conveyor for column sensing and current-mode CMOS cross-coupled latch as its global sense-amplifier is presented. The sensing speed of this circuit topology proves to be faster than that of the conventional current sense-amplifier. The new current sense-amplifier is insensitive to both bit-like and data-like capacitances. The sensing speed is twice as fast with the current consumption remaining the same, and voltage noise coupling is reduced. <<ETX>>
Analysis of Rice Granules using Image Processing and Neural Network Pattern Recognition Tool

In foodstuff trade, grading of coarse food resources is essential because samples of stuffs are subjected to adulteration. In the precedent, foodstuffs in the appearance of granules were conceded through sieves or supplementary mechanical way for grading purposes. In this manuscript, investigation is performed on basmati rice granules; to appraise the act via image processing and Neural Network Pattern Recognition Tool which is implemented based on the features extracted from rice granules for categorization grades of granules. Digital imaging is acknowledged as a proficient system, to haul out the features from rice granules in a non-contact mode. Images are acquired for rice using camera. Image Pre-processing techniques, Adaptive thresholding, Canny edge detection, Feature extraction are the checks that are performed on the acquired image using image processing method through Open source Computer Vision (Open CV) which is a library of functions that aids image processing in real time. The morphological features extracted from the image are given to Neural Network Pattern Recognition Tool. This effort has been prepared to categorize the appropriate quality category for a specified rice sample based on its parameters. The performance of image processing condensed the time of action and enhanced the crop identification significantly.
Pharmaceutical Skill Using Displacement of Protein Binding for Pharmacists

Norito TAKAMURA, , Jin TOKUNAGA,a Etsuo CHOSA,b Keiichi KAWAI,c Ken-ichi FUJITA,d and Kazuhiko ARIMORIe aSecond Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, 17141 Yoshino, Nobeoka City 8828508, Japan, bDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Miyazaki Medical College, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho, Miyazaki-gun, Miyazaki 8891692, Japan, cGraduate School of Health Science, Kanazawa University, 51180 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa City 9200942, Japan, dDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Saitama Medical School, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-cho, Iruma-gun, Saitama 3500495, Japan, eDepartment of Pharmacy, Miyazaki Medical College Hospital, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho, Miyazaki-gun, Miyazaki 8891692, Japan
Nonrigid motion analysis using nonlinear finite element modeling

In this paper, we consider the problem of tracking elastic objects with known material properties. That corresponds to utilization of specific a priori knowledge in nonrigid motion analysis. We propose the utilization of nonlinear finite element methods (FEM) for point correspondence recovery. We deal with range data, i.e., assume that surface points before and after motion are available from the sensing system. Nonlinear FEM not only allows for modeling of nonlinear material properties but also for large deformation between consecutive time frames (which are main limitations of widely utilized linear FEM). We propose a new algorithm for the point correspondence recovery in nonrigid motion using assumptions of known material properties and single (but not known) force applied to the object. Simulations and experimental results demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
A retrospective case-control study investigating the association between pollutant exposures and childhood asthma

Objective: to investigate possible associations between daily counts of schoolage asthma-medical contacts (and controls) and daily measures of pollution in Scotland. Study design: retrospective case-control study. Methods: daily counts and daily measures were obtained from 01/01/1999 to 31/12/2004. Autoregressive models using a Poisson distribution were undertaken on three groups: cases (school age-asthmatics), controls (cases and controls were matched by age, gender, primary care practice) and on the excess of daily counts for cases over controls. Twenty-one pollutant measures were investigated. These included minimum, mean and maximum daily measures of NO, NO2, NOD, PM10, O3, CO, SO2. Exposures were delayed by seven days to investigate any lagged effects with daily counts. Covariates include day of the week, bank holiday and season. The effects of each pollutant exposure were investigated using an F-test. Results: five pollutant exposures were associated with the daily counts for cases; six exposures were associated with daily counts for controls and eight exposures were associated with the daily excess of cases over controls. NO2 Mean was the most statistically significant exposure for cases and the excess whilst SO2 Maximum was the most statistically significant exposure for controls. Estimates were most significant after a delay (from exposure) of five (cases), four (controls) and current (excess) day(s) (lagged effect).
Packet‐Reduced Ranging Method with Superresolution TOA Estimation Algorithm for Chirp‐Based RTLS

In this paper, a packet‐reduced ranging method using a superresolution time of arrival estimation algorithm for a chirp‐based real‐time locating system is presented. A variety of ranging methods, such as symmetric double‐sided two‐way ranging (SDS‐TWR), have been proposed to remove the time drift due to the frequency offset using extra ranging packets. Our proposed method can perform robust ranging against the frequency offset using only two ranging packets while maintaining almost the same ranging accuracy as them. To verify the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm, the error performance of our proposed ranging method is analyzed and compared with others. The total ranging performance of TWR, SDS‐TWR, and our proposed TWR are analyzed and verified through simulations in additive white Gaussian noise and multipath channels in the presence of the frequency offset.
Control of heating pattern for interstitial microwave hyperthermia by a coaxial‐dipole antenna—aiming at treatment of brain tumor

Interstitial microwave hyperthermia is one of the modalities for cancer treatment that insert a thin microwave antenna into the affected part to selectively heat only the tumor. The authors are investigating this technique with an aim of clinical applications of this medical treatment for brain tumors. In the clinical treatment of brain tumors, it is more critical that “only the tumor parts be heated” than for the treatment of other tissues. Therefore, an antenna that can generate a localized heating pattern on the tumor is required. Although the heating pattern can be controlled here in the longitudinal direction of the antenna by using multiple antennas to form an array applicator, control of the heating pattern in the axial direction is relatively difficult. In this paper, to enable the heating pattern to be controlled in the axial direction, the authors introduced a coaxial-dipole antenna and improved its structure. In addition, they assumed that it was actually applied in the medical treatment of brain tumors and used a numerical calculation model that included a tumor created from MR images to verify the effectiveness of the improved coaxial-dipole antenna according to numerical calculations. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 90(12): 31–38, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.20390
Interesting examples of supervised continuous variable systems

The authors analyze two simple deterministic flow models for multiple buffer servers which are examples of the supervision of continuous variable systems by a discrete controller. These systems exhibit what may be regarded as the two extremes of complexity of closed loop behavior: one is eventually periodic, the other is chaotic. The first example exhibits chaotic behavior that could be characterized statistically. The dual system, the switched server system, exhibits very predictable behavior, which is modeled by a finite state automaton. This research has application to multimodal discrete time systems where the controller can choose from a set of transition maps to implement. <<ETX>>
Automatic Contour Mapping System in Sensor Network

Contour map has been known as one of the best methods to depict 3-dimensional terrains on 2-dimensional plots. With the emergence and rapid development of wireless sensor network, new approaches for contour mapping can be adopted to take the advantage of distributed nodes. In this paper, an integral contour mapping system with mobile data collection nodes is devised. Basically, the design allows each sensor node moves around a target area and extracts elevation samples in the aid of an upper reference plane. The network organization and data synthesizing algorithm are also studied. Furthermore, a low cost demonstrative platform based on 8051 microcontroller and ultrasonic transducers is implemented to prove the feasibility of the system.