Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA BLAST CRISIS WITH T‐CELL FEATURES

Immunologic marker studies are effective in distinguishing the myeloid and ‘lymphoid’ types of blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML-BC) (Greaves & Janossy, 1978). A lymphoid CML-BC occurs in approximately 2 5-30T1 of patients. The cells resemble non-B, non-T ALL cells, usually with the common-ALL phenotype (Janossy et al, 1976: Greaves 81 Janossy, 19 7 8 ) . This phenotype is also demonstrated in most cases of Phl-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) (Catovsky, 19 79). Recently, CML-BC of a pre-B cell phenotype has also been described (La Bien et al, 1979). In most cases the blasts from CML-BC are negative for E-rosettes, a T-cell marker (Han et al, 1978; Bacigalupo et aI, 1978). Exceptionally, blasts from some CML-BC patients showed significant proportions of E-rosettes (Forman et al. 1977; Mohanakumar et al, 1978) and cells in some cases responded significantly to PHA, exhibiting a functional property usually attributed to T lymphocytes (Mohanakumar et al, 1978). Evidence for a T-cell origin in blast cells that are Ph’ positive is, however, not strong. The only well-documented case is that of Roozendaal et aZ(198 l), who reported in a patient with T-cell ALL the presence of a Phl chromosome, due to a t(9;22), in all the metaphases examined. We describe here a case of CML-BC in which blast cells showed T-cell features. A 24-year-old white woman presented in May 1977 with symptoms of left upper quadrant abdominal discomfort. Examination revealed splenomegaly and a diagnosis of CML was made on the basis of a typical leucocytosis. low leucocyte alkaline phosphatase scores, a hypercellular marrow with myeloid hyperplasia and the finding of the Phl chromosome. Treatment was commenced with busulfan. The WBC and the spleen returned to normal. She remained well until August 1 9 78. At this time she developed fatigue, weight loss, and was admitted to hospital. Physical examination revealed a large spleen palpable 15 cm below the left costal margin. A blood count showed: Hb 8 . 3 g/dl, platelets 10 x 109/1 and WBC of 20 x 109/l. The differential showed 78% of blast cells of ‘lymphoid’ morphology. Cytochemical reactions PAS, peroxidase and Sudan Black B were all negative. The bone marrow aspiration proved unsuccessful and bone marrow biopsy revealed a hypercellular marrow with agranular blast cell infiltration. Data of serum biochemical tests were normal except a lactic dehydrogenase of 2345 iu/l. The Phi chromosome was demonstrated in metaphase of peripheral blood cells on two different occasions. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll gradient (Beyum, 1968), and T cells were enumerated by E-rosettes. Assay for demonstrating receptors for antigen-antibody-complement complexes (EAC rosettes) and the response to PHA stimulation were performed by techniques previously described (Hernandez et al, 1980). The results are summarized in Table I.
VrPET/CT: Development of a rotating multimodality scanner for small-animal imaging

This work reports on the development and evaluation of the PET component of a PET/CT system for small-animal in-vivo imaging. The PET and CT subsystems are assembled in a rotary gantry in such a way that the center of rotation for both imaging modalities is mechanically aligned. The PET scanner configuration is based on 2 detector modules, each of which consist of 2 flat-panel type PS-PMTs (Hamamatsu, H8500) and 2 (30 × 30 elements) LYSO arrays. The dimension of the crystal matrix elements are 1.4 × 1.4 mm2 in cross section and 12 mm in depth. The VrPET detector modules are positioned in opposite sides of a 140 mm diameter ring, providing a transaxial field of view of 86.6 mm diameter and an axial field of view of 45.6 mm. The experimental results obtained in the performance tests are transaxial resolution of 1.5 mm FWHM in the CFOV, and the axial resolution of 2.3 mm FWHM. The absolute coincidence sensitivity is 2.22 % for a coincidence window of 6 ns (100–700 keV). The imaging capability of the PET unit is demonstrated on phantom and animal studies.
An inverter-embedded stator winding insulation quality assessment technique for AC machines

The lifetime of the stator winding insulation is reduced when operated with PWM inverters, since insulation degradation is accelerated due to increased thermal and electrical stresses on the motor. This paper focuses on a new approach for monitoring the condition of the stator insulation for failure-prone inverter-fed machines. The main concept of the proposed technique is to apply a variable frequency AC test voltage to the stator insulation using the inverter, to perform standard off-line insulation tests whenever the motor is not operating. This allows the stator insulation to be tested more frequently compared to off-line tests performed once every 3-6 yrs. during periodic maintenance. A method for testing the insulation with minimal modifications to the inverter circuit is proposed and verified experimentally. The results show that the proposed technique provides a simple low cost solution for detecting stator insulation degradation at an early stage for reliable operation of inverterfed machine systems, since the insulation condition can be monitored frequently. This not only helps prevent forced outages and safety risks due to insulation breakdown, but also helps perform maintenance in an efficient manner since individual motor maintenance can be prioritized and scheduled based on its present condition.
Successful treatment of anemia in idiopathic myelofibrosis with recombinant human erythropoietin

Thirteen patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis (5 osteomyelosclerosis) were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) for transfusion‐dependent anemia. All but 7 patients were concomitantly treated with alpha interferon, and 5 patients also received a interferon before the start of erythropoietin (EPO) treatment. All but two patients became transfusion independent. The highly positive results of the present study of transfusion‐dependent patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis calls for further studies to delineate more precisely in larger series those patients who are likely to respond to rHuEpo. Am. J. Hematol. 70:92–99, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Voxel‐based morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) postprocessing in MRI‐negative epilepsies

In the presurgical workup of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐negative (MRI− or “nonlesional”) pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy (PFE) patients, discovering a previously undetected lesion can drastically change the evaluation and likely improve surgical outcome. Our study utilizes a voxel‐based MRI postprocessing technique, implemented in a morphometric analysis program (MAP), to facilitate detection of subtle abnormalities in a consecutive cohort of MRI− surgical candidates.
Expression of the M3 Muscarinic Receptor on Orexin Neurons that Project to the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla

Activation of central cholinergic receptors causes a pressor response in rats, and the hypothalamus is important for this response. Projections from hypothalamic orexin neurons to the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) are involved in sympatho‐excitation of the cardiovascular system. A small population of orexin neurons is regulated by cholinergic inputs through M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3R). To elucidate whether the M3R on orexin neurons is involved in cardiosympathetic regulation through the RVLM, we examined the presence of the M3R on retrograde‐labeled RVLM‐projecting orexin neurons. The retrograde tracer was unilaterally injected into the RVLM. Within the hypothalamus, retrograde‐labeled neurons were located predominantly ipsilateral to the injection side. In the anterior hypothalamus (−1.5 to −2.3 mm to the bregma), retrograde‐labeled neurons were densely distributed in the paraventricular nuclei and scattered in the retrochiasmatic area. At −2.3 to −3.5 mm from the bregma, labeled neurons were located in the regions where orexin neurons were situated, that is, the tuberal lateral hypothalamic area, perifornical area, and dorsomedial nuclei. Very few retrograde‐labeled neurons were observed in the hypothalamus at −3.5 to −4.5 mm from the bregma. About 19.5% ± 1.6% of RVLM‐projecting neurons in the tuberal hypothalamus were orexinergic. The M3R was present on 18.7% ± 3.0% of RVLM‐projecting orexin neurons. Injection of a muscarinic agonist, oxotremorine, in the perifornical area resulted in a pressor response, which was attenuated by a pretreatment of atropine. We conclude that cholinergic inputs to orexin neurons may be involved in cardiosympathetic regulation through the M3R on the orexin neurons that directly project to the RVLM. Anat Rec, 299:660–668, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The puzzling new class of variable stars in NGC 3766 : old friend pulsators?

Context. The recent variability survey of the NGC 3766 cluster revealed a considerable number of periodic variable stars in a region of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram where no pulsations were expected. This region lies between the instability strips of the δ Scuti and slowly pulsating B (SPB) stars. Moreover, the periods of the new phenomenon, P ∼ 0.1−0.7 d, do not allow us to associate it a priori to either of these two types of pulsations. Aims. Stars in the NGC 3766 cluster are known to be fast rotators with rotational velocities typically larger than half of their critical velocity. Rotation can affect both the geometrical properties and period domain of pulsations. It also alters the apparent luminosity of a star through gravity darkening, an effect seldom taken into account in theoretical studies of the rotation-pulsation interaction. We explore whether these effects are able to deliver a consistent interpretation for the observed properties of the new variables in NGC 3766: that is, explaining their presence outside the instability strips of known pulsators and the domain of their variability periods. Methods. We carry out an instability analysis of SPB models within the framework of the traditional approximation of rotation. We then study the visibility of excited modes according to the angle of view and rotation. We also check how gravity darkening affects the effective temperature and luminosity of stellar models for different angles of view and rotational velocities. We adopt the simple approach of von Zeipel to express gravity darkening. Results. At the red (cold) border of the instability strip, prograde sectoral modes, which are equatorially trapped waves, are preferentially excited and their visibilities are maximum when seen equator-on. From a linear computation, the amplitudes of the prograde sectoral modes are at best ∼40% of their non-rotating counterparts. This ratio qualitatively reproduces the properties of the variability amplitudes observed between the SPBs and new variables in NGC 3766. Furthermore, low-mass SPB models seen equator-on can appear in the gap between non-rotating SPB and δ Scuti stars as a result of gravity darkening. In that case, the periods of most visible modes are shifted to the 0.2–0.5 d range owing to the effects of the Coriolis force. We therefore suggest that the new variable stars observed in NGC 3766 are actually fast rotating SPB pulsators.
Development of allergies and asthma in infants and young children with atopic dermatitis – a prospective follow‐up to 7 years of age

Background: The prognosis of atopic dermatitis is usually good, but the risk of developing asthma and allergic rhinitis is very high. The aim of this study was to follow children with atopic eczema up to school age to chart the course of sensitization and development of clinical allergy, as well as to study risk factors of sensitization.
Nitric oxide activates the sarcolemmal K(ATP) channel in normoxic and chronically hypoxic hearts by a cyclic GMP-dependent mechanism.

Chronic myocardial hypoxia results in elevated nitric oxide (NO) production and increased current through the sarcolemmal K(ATP) channel. We hypothesized these two processes are related and determined whether NO alters the electrophysiology of Purkinje fibers obtained from rabbits (n=12/group) raised in a normoxic (F(I)O2=0.21) or hypoxic (F(I)O2=0.12) environment from birth to 9 days of age. Action potential duration (APD)(90) was shorter (112+/-3 ms v 126+/-3 ms) and maximum diastolic potential (MDP) was more negative (-84+/-2 mV v-80+/-1 mV) in hypoxic hearts compared with normoxic controls. In normoxic hearts the NO donors, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) 50 microM and spermine NONOate (50 microM) shortened APD(90) and increased MDP to levels present in chronically hypoxic hearts. This effect was completely abolished by the K(ATP) channel blocker glibenclamide (3 microM) and by a nitric oxide trap, Carboxy-PTIO (100 microM). The NO carrier glutathione (50 microM) and decomposed spermine NONOate had no effect on APD(90) or MDP. GSNO had no effect in hypoxic hearts; however, when GSNO was combined with glibenclamide APD(90) increased, and MDP decreased to normoxic values. 8-Bromo cGMP (100 microM) shortened APD(90) and increased MDP to levels present in chronically hypoxic hearts. This effect was abolished by glibenclamide. A soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, ODQ (10 microM), had no effect on action potentials in normoxic hearts but in hypoxic hearts resulted in an increase in APD(90) to levels present in normoxic hearts and a decrease in MDP. The effect of ODQ could not be reversed by GSNO. We conclude that NO activates the sarcolemmal K(ATP) channel in normoxic and chronically hypoxic hearts by a cyclic GMP-dependent mechanism.
Manual of fast track recovery for colorectal surgery

This book brings together everything you need to know about enhanced recovery and more. Its clear layout and concise style enable it to be used both as a manual and as a reference text. It would be a suitable read for all members of the multidisciplinary team. The title suggests a purely colorectal focus. However, this is misleading as most of the contents refers to the general concept of enhanced recovery and only Chapter 7 focuses purely on colorectal surgery. I would therefore recommend this book as a resource for any surgical specialty looking to implement an enhanced recovery programme. Despite the extensive reference lists at the end of each chapter, a limitation of this text is that it only includes research up to 2010. Since advances in enhanced recovery are continuous, there are already a number of key studies that have been published in the past two years and are therefore missing from the book. Furthermore, in an era of patient-centred care, perhaps greater focus could have been given to enhanced recovery from the patient’s perspective.
Impact of cardiovascular risk factors in an urban sample of Portuguese adults according to the Framingham risk prediction models.

OBJECTIVES To estimate the 10-year risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) according to the Framingham risk prediction models and to assess the impact of major risk factors in an urban sample of Portuguese adults. METHODS We surveyed 938 non-institutionalized adults aged 40 to 74 years, recruited by random digit dialing. A fasting venous blood sample was collected to measure glucose, total cholesterol and high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Blood pressure was measured and a resting 12-lead ECG registered. Sixty-eight individuals (7.2%) were excluded due to prevalent CHD, according to self-reported information and/or ECG. Data on the remaining 532 women and 338 men at risk were used for analysis. For each participant we calculated the 10-year risk using the Framingham risk tables. RESULTS In this community-based sample, the expected 10-year cumulative incidence was estimated to be on average 19.3% for men and 9.5% for women. The factor with greatest impact was hypertension. Had this factor been altered such that individuals whose blood pressure was > or = 140/90 mmHg instead had high-normal blood pressure (130-139/85-89 mmHg), the risk of CHD would have been reduced to 15.7% in men and 7.3% in women. Thus, 18.6% and 23.2% of cases would have been avoided, respectively. The number of individuals in whom hypertension should be prevented to avoid one case of CHD was 15 among men and 25 among women. The impact of other risk factors expressed as a proportion of attributable cases was, in men and women respectively, 5.7% and 7.4% if none had diabetes; 12.4% and 3.2% if none smoked; 23.8% and 14.7% if total cholesterol were between 160 and 199 mg/dl instead of over 200 mg/dl; and 10.9% and 5.3% if HDL were above 45 mg/dl. If all participants did not smoke, did not have diabetes, had total cholesterol between 160 and 199 instead of over 200 mg/dl, HDL over 45 mg/dl and high-normal blood pressure instead of hypertension, the expected cumulative incidence would be 8.1% for men and 5.1% for women. This means that respectively 58.0% and 46.3% of cases would have been avoided. CONCLUSION Blood pressure control in this population is the intervention with greatest impact on CHD prevention. Given the tendency for risk factors to cluster and to interact, we can expect to achieve even greater success with multifactorial interventions.
Follicular mantle zone cell subpopulations detected by monoclonal antibody SN3

A monoclonal antibody, SN3, has been prepared against a cell membrane fraction of the pre‐B leukemic cell line NALM‐1. By radioimmunoassay, SN3 reacted with four of four non‐T/non‐B, two of two pre‐B and one of three leukemic B cell lines. The reagent was unreactive, however, with established leukemic T and myelomonocytic cell lines or normal B cell lines. On immunohistochemical assays on frozen sections of nine reactive lymph nodes and three spleens, SN3 showed a preferential binding to 50–95 per cent mantle zone (MZ) cells and 5–20 per cent interfollicular or red pulp B‐lymphocytes. This was uninhibited by pre‐incubation with heterologous anti‐HLA‐DR or anti‐δ reagents. SN3 was unreactive with normal germinal centre (GC), epidermal or Langherhans cells but did react with less than 1 per cent thymic B‐lymphocytes. In eight follicular small cleaved cell lymphomas tested SN3 exhibited three patterns of reactivity: (1) peripheral follicular, (2) combined peripheral and central follicular, and (3) combined follicular and interfollicular. Three follicular lymphomas were essentially SN3‐. In three diffuse small lymphocytic lymphomas, SN3 showed patchy areas of reactivity unassociated with proliferation centres. In four diffuse B‐cell lymphomas (one mixed small and large cell, two large non‐cleaved cell, and one small non‐cleaved (Burkitt) cell), SN3 reactivity was uniformly distributed in the majority (60–90 per cent) of the cells. SN3 was unreactive with one diffuse B‐large cell lymphoma, three nodal T‐cell lymphomas and three cases of mycosis fungoides. The findings indicate that (1) SN3 detects an antigen that is present in subpopulations of normal MZ cells, (2) the antigen is also detected in GC cells undergoing lymphomatous transformation but is not readily detected in normal GC cells, and (3) the antigen is also expressed in subpopulations of diffuse B‐ but not T‐cell lymphomas.
Measuring Image Flow By Tracking Edge-lines

This paper describes a technique for measuring the movement of edge-lines in a sequence of images by maintalning an image plane "flow model". Edge-lines are expressed as a set of parameter vectors representing the center-point, orientation and length of a segment. Each parameter vector is composed of an estimate, a temporal derivative, and their covariance matrix. Line segment parameters in the flow model are updated using a Kalman filter. The eorrespondance of observed edge-lines segments to segments predicted from the flow model is determined by a linear complexity algorithm using distance normalized by covariance. The existence of segments in the flow model is controlled using a confidence factor. This technique is in everyday use as part of a larger system for building 3-D scene descriptions using a camera mounted on a robot arm. A near video-rate hardware implementation is currently under development
Cognition and changes of search terms and tactics during task performance: A longitudinal case study

The objective of this study is to analyse how changes in users' problem stages during task performance are related to changes in search tactics and term choice. It is analysed how students' growing understanding of the topic is related to their choice of search tactics and terms during accomplishing a research proposal for a master's theses. The participants of the study were 11 students who attended a seminar during which they were to prepare a research proposal. They made a search in LISA data-base in the beginning, middle and end of the seminar. Data for describing their understanding of the work task, search goals and tactics as well as term choices were collected during the search sessions. A pre- and post-search interview was conducted during each session. The students were asked to think aloud during the search session. The transaction logs were captured and the think alouds were recorded. The results show that the students' problem stages during-the task performance were connected to their choice of search terms and tactics. The differentiating conceptual representation of the task by the students lead them to use more and increasingly specified search terms, more and varied operators as well as more tactics in the course of their project.
Sub‐hubs of baseline functional brain networks are related to early improvement following two‐week pharmacological therapy for major depressive disorder

Accumulating evidence suggests that early improvement after two‐week antidepressant treatment is predictive of later outcomes of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD); however, whether this early improvement is associated with baseline neural architecture remains largely unknown. Utilizing resting‐state functional MRI data and graph‐based network approaches, this study calculated voxel‐wise degree centrality maps for 24 MDD patients at baseline and linked them with changes in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) scores after two weeks of medication. Six clusters exhibited significant correlations of their baseline degree centrality with treatment‐induced HAMD changes for the patients, which were mainly categorized into the posterior default‐mode network (i.e., the left precuneus, supramarginal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and right angular gyrus) and frontal regions. Receiver operating characteristic curve and logistic regression analyses convergently revealed excellent performance of these regions in discriminating the early improvement status for the patients, especially the angular gyrus (sensitivity and specificity of 100%). Moreover, the angular gyrus was identified as the optimal regressor as determined by stepwise regression. Interestingly, these regions possessed higher centrality than others in the brain (P < 10−3) although they were not the most highly connected hubs. Finally, we demonstrate a high reproducibility of our findings across several factors (e.g., threshold choice, anatomical distance, and temporal cutting) in our analyses. Together, these preliminary exploratory analyses demonstrate the potential of neuroimaging‐based network analysis in predicting the early therapeutic improvement of MDD patients and have important implications in guiding earlier personalized therapeutic regimens for possible treatment‐refractory depression. Hum Brain Mapp 36:2915–2927, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.