Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of business documents: an approach to the automation of quality assessment

This thesis explores a new approach to automatic characterisation of business documents of different levels of document effectiveness. Supervised text categorisation techniques are used to derive text features that characterise a specific type of business document in accordance with pre-assigned levels of document utility. The documents in question are the executive summary sections of a representative sample of sales proposal documents. The executive summaries are first rated by domain experts against a quality framework comprising pre-selected dimensions of document quality. An automatic analysis of the texts shows that certain words, word sequences, and patterns of words have the capacity to discriminate between executive summaries of varying levels of document effectiveness. Function words, which are frequently ignored in many text classification tasks, are retained and are shown to provide an important element of the word patterns. Automatic text classifiers that utilise these features are shown to categorise previously unseen executive summaries at an acceptable level of classification performance. The outcomes of the research are applied to the development of a new computer application. The application identifies, in the text of a new executive summary, word patterns that discriminate between sets of summaries previously categorised into different levels of document utility. The action of highlighting the respective categories of discriminating word patterns directs authors to areas of text that may need further attention. A trial of a prototype of the application suggests that it provides an effective way to help sales professionals improve the content and quality of the text of this type of business document. Moreover, as the approach is suitably generic, it could be applied to different types of document in different domains.
A Life-Span Development Orientation. The Relevance of Chronological Age in Life-Span Developmental Psychology: A Theoretical Observation

An exposition is given of the relative significance of chronological age in human developmental psychology. Some theoretical concepts in life-span developmental psychology are discussed in so far as they relate to age categorization. It is concluded that knowledge of the individual's experience of age deserves greater attention and that this can be accomplished by application of the phenomenological research approach.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF BASAL INSULIN THERAPY IN ROMANIAN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IN REAL-LIFE SETTINGS: A SUB-GROUP ANALYSIS OF DUNE STUDY.

Context Despite the available evidence showing the vital role of glycemic control in the management of type 2 diabetes, a significant proportion of patients are not achieving a good glycemic control. Objective Here we present the results of the Diabetes Unmet Need with basal insulin Evaluation (DUNE) study for patients enrolled in Romanian centers with the aim to describe the proportion of participants who achieved individualized HbA1c targets at 12 weeks following basal insulin therapy initiation. Design Prospective, observational study. Subjects and Methods 355 consecutive adults with type 2 diabetes, who were newly initiated with basal insulin therapy (Newly initiated group) or had been treated for less than 12 months with basal insulin prior to study enrollment (Previously initiated group) were enrolled and followed for 12 weeks. Results The individualized HbA1c target was achieved by 22.7% of the patients in the Newly initiated group and by 25.0% of the patients in the Previously initiated group. During the study period, in the Newly initiated group mean basal insulin dose increased from 16.2 U at baseline to 27.6 U at 12 weeks. In the Previously initiated group, the insulin dose increased from 27.4 U at baseline to 33.1 U at 12 weeks. In both groups, 9.7% and 12.8% of the patients reported at least 1 episode of symptomatic hypoglycemia. Conclusions In real-world settings, despite insulin initiation a large number of patients fail to achieve their individualized glycemic targets. One of the reasons appeared to be linked to the insufficient basal insulin titration.
Ruminal cellulolytic bacteria abundance leads to the variation in fatty acids in the rumen digesta and meat of fattening lambs.

Ruminal cellulolytic bacteria could be a diagnostic tool for determining SARA risk in individual ruminants; however, a limited number of studies have investigated the effects of the abundance of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria on the fatty acid (FA) composition of the rumen digesta and the muscle of sheep. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the variation of rumen cellulolytic bacteria on the rumen fermentation, rumen digesta and muscle FA composition of fattening lambs fed an identical diet. Forty-eight lambs were reared in individual units and fed a high-concentrate diet consisting of 20% forage and 80% concentrate. All lambs were adapted to diets and facilities for 14 days and sampling was for 63 days. At the end of the experiment, the rumen fluid, rumen digesta and longissimus dorsi were collected after slaughter for the measurement of volatile fatty acids (VFA), ruminal bacterial DNA, rumen digesta and muscle FAs. The lambs were classified into the lower cellulolytic bacteria group (LCB, n=10) and the higher cellulolytic bacteria group (HCB, n=10) according to the abundance of pH-sensitive cellulolytic bacteria (Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Fibrobacter succinogenes and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens) in the rumen. Ruminal acetate concentration was positively correlated with the number of R. flavefaciens, F. succinogenes and B. fibrisolvens (P < 0.05, r > 0.296), whereas propionate and valerate concentrations were negatively correlated with the amount of F. succinogenes and B. fibrisolvens (P < 0.05, r > 0.348). Compared to the LCB group, the acetate (P = 0.018) as well as acetate to propionate ratio (P = 0.012) in the HCB group was higher, but the valerate ratio was lower (P = 0.002). The proportions of even-chain FAs and odd- and branched-chain fatty acid (OBCFA) in the rumen digesta of lambs with the HCB were higher (P < 0.05), while the PUFA decreased than those in the LCB lambs (P < 0.05), but those FA proportions in the meat were similar between the two groups. The proportion of C17:0 in meat of lambs in the HCB group was lower than that of lambs in the LCB group (P = 0.033). The proportions of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in rumen digesta and meat were both higher in the HCB group than that in the LCB group (P = 0.046). These results indicated that the ruminal cellulolytic bacteria can alter the FA compositions in rumen digesta and further influenced the FA compositions in meat of sheep.
Digest: A lizard evolutionary history illustrates a past Neotropical dispersal route *

Extensive lineage interchanges among Neotropical biomes are key to understanding their remarkable biodiversity. At a population level, one could expect to observe past cross‐regional connections. The description of the phylogeographic history of a forest‐associated lizard by Ledo et al. (2020) revealed a likely interbiome dispersal route through networks of riparian forests surrounded by dry habitats. We anticipate that future studies focusing on understudied widespread organisms like plants will build on these findings to better describe the origins of Neotropical diversity.
Rapid design and deployment of intensive outpatient, group-based psychiatric care using telehealth during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Abstract COVID-19 has demanded unprecedented actions in the delivery of outpatient psychiatric services, including the rapid shift of services from in-person to telehealth in response to public health physical distancing guidelines. One such shift was to convert group-level intensive outpatient psychiatric (IOP) interventions to telehealth. Historically, telehealth in psychiatric care has been studied in provider-patient interactions, but has not been as well studied for group telehealth service delivery. During the COVID-19 outbreak, providing group-based interventions was important in order to care for high-risk individuals who needed structured psychotherapy group support. However, the delivery of services via telehealth led to special challenges that were unable to be fully accommodated by the preexisting telehealth infrastructure. Rapid feasibility testing and adoption of technology was needed to support IOP services to minimize infectious spread while delivering group services to high-risk psychiatric patients. This article describes the processes and workflows for service delivery and early results of telehealth for IOP services in 2 adolescent treatment programs. In addition, the article highlights early observations around safety and quality and the role of telehealth policy and payment.
Comparison of Durable-Polymer- and Biodegradable-Polymer-Based Newer-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Prediabetes After Successful Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Hyperglycemia is an important risk factor for poor clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The relative superiority of the long-term clinical outcomes of durable-polymer (DP) -based and biodegradable-polymer (BP) -based newer-generation drug-eluting stents (DESs) after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with AMI and prediabetes is not well established. We compared the clinical outcomes in such patients between DP-based and BP-based newer-generation DESs.A total of 4,377 patients with AMI and prediabetes were divided into the following two groups: the DP-DES group (n = 3,775; zotarolimus-eluting stents [ZES; n = 1,546] and everolimus-eluting stents [EES; n = 2,229]) and the BP-DES group (n = 602; biolimus-eluting stents [BES]). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction (re-MI), or any repeat revascularization. The secondary endpoint was the occurrence of stent thrombosis (ST). The 2-year adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of MACEs for ZES versus EES, ZES versus BES, EES versus BES, and ZES/EES versus BES (aHR: 1.125; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.834-1.518; P = 0.440) were similar. The cumulative incidence of ST was also comparable between the DP-DES and BP-DES groups (aHR: 1.407; 95% CI, 0.476-4.158; P = 0.537). Moreover, the 2-year aHRs of all-cause death, CD, re-MI, target lesion revascularization (TLR), target vessel revascularization (TVR), and non-TVR were similar.Patients with AMI and prediabetes who received DP-DES or BP-DES during PCI showed comparable safety and efficacy during the 2-year follow-up period.
Signaling pathways from RNAi data

Project in collaboration with the Signaling and Functional Genomics group headed by Michael Boutros at DKFZ Heidelberg. Genome-wide RNA interference screens in Drosophila systematically probe loss-of-phenotypes in cell-based assays. (Boutros et al., 2004 [2]) RNAi a unified, genome-wide, high-throughput approach to infer gene function and signaling pathways. 1. Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) get processed into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). 1. Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) get processed into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). 2. siRNAs assemble into RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs).
Effects of nutrient enrichment and small predator density on seagrass ecosystems: An experimental assessment

We used a field experiment to assess the individual and combined effects of removing top predators and enriching water column nutrients (nitrogen‐N and phosphorus‐P) on seagrass ecosystem structure and function. Experiments were conducted in turtlegrass (Thalassia testudinum) habitats in St. Joseph Bay, FL, an aquatic preserve in the northern Gulf of Mexico that exhibits low ambient nutrient concentrations and contains abundant populations of small crustacean and gastropod mesograzers. We stocked 7.0 m 2 enclosures with elevated (≈4ࢤ8× ambient) densities of juvenile pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides), the dominant fish species in local seagrass habitats, to simulate the first‐order effects of large predator reductions, and we used an in situ delivery system to supplement N and P to ≈3× ambient levels in nutrient addition treatments. Monthly determinations of water column nutrients and Chl a, along with measurements of the biomass and abundance of leaf epiphytes and seagrass production, biomass, and shoot and leaf densities were used to evaluate the relative effects of manipulating nutrient supply and altering food web structure.
Inheritance of resistance to Uromyces vignae in cowpea and the correlation between resistance and sensitivity to a cultivar-specific elicitor of necrosis

Microscopic examination of rust-inoculated progeny of a cross between a resistant and a susceptible cowpea cultivar revealed infection sites in F 1 and F 2 plants that differed in fungal growth and plant responses from those observed in the parents. Frequencies of different categories of infection sites and the general correlation in each plant of the categories recorded for both monokaryotic and dikaryotic infections suggested that resistance to both the monokaryon and dikaryon were governed primarily by two, partially dominant, resistance genes []
Inhibition of c‐MET increases the antitumour activity of PARP inhibitors in gastric cancer models

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Activation of c‐MET increases tumour cell survival through the initiation of the DNA damage repair pathway. PARP is an essential key in the DNA damage repair pathway. The primary role of PARP is to detect and initiate an immediate cellular response to single‐strand DNA breaks. Tumours suppressor genes such as BRCA1/2 are closely associated with the DNA repair pathway. In BRCA1/2 mutations or deficiency status, cells are more likely to develop additional genetic alterations and chromosomal instability and can lead to cancer. In this study, we investigate the role of c‐MET and PARP inhibition in a gastric cancer model. We exploited functional in vitro and in vivo experiments to assess the antitumour potential of co‐inhibition of c‐MET (SU11274) and PARP (NU1025). This leads to a reduction of gastric cancer cells viability, especially after knockdown of BRCA1/2 through apoptosis and induction of γ‐Η2ΑΧ. Moreover, in AGS xenograft models, the combinatorial treatment of NU1025 plus SU11274 reduced tumour growth and triggers apoptosis. Collectively, our data may represent a new therapeutic approach for GC thought co‐inhibition of c‐MET and PARP, especially for patients with BRCA1/2 deficiency tumours.
The cis‐expression of the coat protein of turnip mosaic virus is essential for viral intercellular movement in plants

Abstract To establish infection, plant viruses are evolutionarily empowered with the ability to spread intercellularly. Potyviruses represent the largest group of known plant‐infecting RNA viruses, including many agriculturally important viruses. To better understand intercellular movement of potyviruses, we used turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) as a model and constructed a double‐fluorescent (green and mCherry) protein‐tagged TuMV infectious clone, which allows distinct observation of primary and secondary infected cells. We conducted a series of deletion and mutation analyses to characterize the role of TuMV coat protein (CP) in viral intercellular movement. TuMV CP has 288 amino acids and is composed of three domains: the N‐terminus (amino acids 1–97), the core (amino acids 98–245), and the C‐terminus (amino acids 246–288). We found that deletion of CP or its segments amino acids 51–199, amino acids 200–283, or amino acids 265–274 abolished the ability of TuMV to spread intercellularly but did not affect virus replication. Interestingly, deletion of amino acids 6–50 in the N‐terminus domain resulted in the formation of aberrant virions but did not significantly compromise TuMV cell‐to‐cell and systemic movement. We identified the charged residues R178 and D222 within the core domain that are essential for virion formation and TuMV local and systemic transport in plants. Moreover, we found that trans‐expression of the wild‐type CP either by TuMV or through genetic transformation‐based stable expression could not rescue the movement defect of CP mutants. Taken together these results suggest that TuMV CP is not essential for viral genome replication but is indispensable for viral intercellular transport where only the cis‐expressed CP is functional.
Bioactive compounds, nutritional benefits and food applications of colored wheat: a comprehensive review

Abstract The consumers’ demands have changed from energy providing diet to a diet with a balanced nutrient profile along with metabolic, physiological and functional health benefits. They are seeking colorants derived from natural sources to enhance the nutritional and antioxidant value of foods. Colored wheat (Triticum aestivum) contains many phytochemicals, responsible for numerous health benefits. Colored wheat (blue, black, purple and red) contains a good amount of anthocyanins and carotenoids that are primarily located in the outer aleurone layer. Food regulatory and safety authorities and food processing industries are trying to minimize the usage of synthetic food colorants and dyes. Colored wheat is imperative for food processing industries as high-value pigments present in the bran layer (milling industry co-product) can easily be extracted and utilized as functional foods and natural colorants. The extracted pigments such as anthocyanin can replace synthetic dyes currently used in food, drug and cosmetics. Additionally, natural additives improve the nutritional value, appearance, texture, flavor, and storage properties of food products. This review presents a brief knowledge of the nutritional composition of colored wheat including phytochemicals and bioactive compounds like flavonoids, phenolic compounds, their health benefits, methods and technologies used for processing and extraction as well as the effects of processing on these compounds.
Comparative Cytotoxicity of the Possibly Occurring Mycotoxins in Wheat on the Basis of a Mycological Analysis

Abstract A mycological survey was carried out at the Northern part of Tunisia on freshly harvested durum wheat in 2007, as wheat is the basic staple food for the Tunisian population. A total of 65 samples was analysed for their contamination with pathogenic and saprophytic fungal species and isolation frequencies and relative densities of the fungal species were recorded. Our results showed that Alternaria species were observed in all the prospected samples and Fusarium spp. were present in about 70% of fields whereas the incidence of the genus Penicillium was low. In the light of the mycological analysis, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of the possible occurring mycotoxins in such crops using the MTT bioassay. For this purpose, four mycotoxins — Deoxynivalenol (DON), Alternariol (AOH), Ochratoxin A (OTA) and Citrinin (CTN) — were screened for their toxicity in human colon carcinoma cell line HT 29. The viability assay showed significant variation in IC50 concentrations between the tested mycotoxins.
Invertase: understanding changes in the photosynthetic and carbohydrate metabolism of barley leaves infected with powdery mildew

summary Infection of barley leaves with powdery mildew results in an increase in the activity of acid invertase, concomitant with an accumulation of glucose, fructose and sucrose in the infected leaf; this increase is confined to the mesophyll cells. The rate of photosynthesis is controlled by different factors depending upon the experimental conditions under which it is measured. In saturating light and ambient CO2, photosynthesis is determined to a large extent by Rubisco whereas, in saturating light and saturating CO2. it is mainly determined by the rate of end-product synthesis (Pi-limitation). The rate of photosynthesis was measured under these conditions to reveal which of the partial processes was most affected in mildewed leaves. Under conditions of saturating light and ambient CO2, the rate of photosynthesis declined in mildewed leaves from 3 d after inoculation, suggesting that carboxylation had been affected. However, the maximum capacity for photosynthesis, measured at saturating CO2 and irradiance, increased in mildewed leaves for the first 3 d after infection and then decreased to below control values on days 5 and 7, suggesting that Pi was not limiting photosynthesis. This hypothesis was investigated by measuring changes in photosynthetic intermediates and in the activity and amount of key enzymes of the Calvin cycle as infection progressed. There was a decline in the activity of the stromal fru-1, 6-bisPase, Rubisco and NADP-GAPDH in mildewed leaves. These decreases were consistent with changes in the ratio of metabolites. As infection progressed, there was an increase in the ratio of Rul,5P2: PGA and triose-P: Rul,5P2, the first indicating a restriction in the carboxylation of CO2 and the second a restriction in the regeneration of Rul,5P2, The PGA: triose-P ratio was similar in control and mildewed leaves until day 7 when it decreased, suggesting that the reduction of PGA to triose-P was not affected by the disease. There was little evidence of Pi-limitation in the mildewed leaves; the amount of Pi in infected leaves was similar to controls, infected leaves showed no secondary oscillations during a transition from dark to light and there was a reduction in the amount of PGA in infected leaves. We suggest that the high concentration of carbohydrates, resulting from the increase in invertase activity, causes directly or indirectly a gradual down-regulation of the Calvin cycle leading to aft inhibition of photosynthesis.
Emerging Nanocellulose Technologies: Recent Developments

Nanocelluloses have unique morphologies, characteristics, and surface nanostructures, and are prepared from abundant and renewable plant biomass resources. Therefore, expansion of the use of CO2‐accumulating nanocelluloses is expected to partly contribute to the establishment of a sustainable society and help overcome current global environmental issues. Nanocelluloses can be categorized into cellulose nanonetworks, cellulose nanofibrils, and cellulose nanocrystals, depending on their morphologies. All of these materials are first obtained as aqueous dispersions. In particular, cellulose nanofibrils have homogeneous ≈3 nm widths and average lengths of >500 nm, and significant amounts of charged groups are present on their surfaces. Such charged groups are formed by carboxymethylation, C6‐carboxylation, phosphorylation, phosphite esterification, xanthation, sulfate esterification, and C2/C3 dicarboxylation during the pretreatment of plant cellulose fibers before their conversion into cellulose nanofibrils via mechanical disintegration in water. These surface‐charged groups in nanocelluloses can be stoichiometrically counterion‐exchanged into diverse metal and alkylammonium ions, resulting in surface‐modified nanocelluloses with various new functions including hydrophobic, water‐resistant, catalytic, superdeodorant, and gas‐separation properties. However, many fundamental and application‐related issues facing nanocelluloses must first be overcome to enable their further expansion.