Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Much of Chinese Exports is Really Made in China? Assessing Domestic Value-Added When Processing Trade is Pervasive

The rise of China in world trade has brought both benefits and anxiety to other economies. For many policy questions, it is crucial to know the extent of domestic value added (DVA) in exports, but the computation is more complicated when processing trade is pervasive. We propose a method for computing domestic and foreign contents that allows for processing trade. By our estimation, the share of domestic content in exports by the PRC was about 50% before China's WTO membership, and has risen to over 60% since then. There are also interesting variations across sectors. Those sectors that are likely labeled as relatively sophisticated such as electronic devices have particularly low domestic content (about 30% or less).
Comparative Effects of Coated Compound and Mono-component Proteases on Growth Performance and Nutritional Efficiency in Broiler Diets

Protease as feed additive is being used in poultry production as a partial replacement for protein sources for cost efficiency and reducing nitrogen excretion. However, diverse proteases may yield different responses under field conditions. A pellet diet study was conducted in Cobb broilers to assess the impact of coated compound (CC) and mono-component (MC) proteases with 5% replacement of digestible amino acids and 0.9% crude protein. Birds fed positive control diet had a better growth than those fed negative control diet, regardless of enzyme supplementation. However, CC protease had shown feed conversion ratio (FCR) like control in a reformulated diet, whereas negative control and MC protease missed to gain the feed conversion. In measures of nutritional efficiency, like energy efficiency, protein efficiency and amino acids efficiency (lysine and methionine), the CC protease proved to be better than MC protease. In terms of European efficiency factor (EEF), control and CC protease elicited a closer response, whereas the other two groups showed a drop. In this study, CC protease allowed partial substitution of digestible amino acids and crude protein, while maintaining feed efficiency and animal performance. It could be concluded that incorporating CC proteases is an efficient choice to maximize the utilization feed material resources and efficiency in animal protein production.
Caffeine degradation in water by gamma irradiation, ozonation and ozonation/gamma irradiation

Abstract Aqueous solutions of caffeine were treated with ozone and gamma irradiation. The amounts of remaining caffeine were determined after solid phase extraction as a function of absorbed dose and ozonation time. In addition to this, some important parameters such as inorganic ions, chemical oxygen demand (COD) dissolved oxygen and total acidity changes were followed. Caffeine (50 ppm) is found to be completely decomposed at 3.0 kGy and 1.2 kGy doses in the absence of H2O2 and in 1.20 mM H2O2 solutions, respectively. In the case of gamma irradiation after ozonation, 50 ppm caffeine was removed at 0.2 kGy when the solution was ozonized for 100 s at a rate of 10 g O3 h-1 in 400 mL 50 ppm paracetamol solution.
Novel High Quality Data Hiding System

Data Hiding is the process of embedding data into a media form such as image, voice, and video. The major methods used for data hiding are the frequency domain and the spatial domain. In the frequency domain, the secret data bits are inserted into the coefficients of the image pixel's frequency representation such as Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) , Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) . On the other hand, in the spatial domain method, the secret data bits are inserted directly into the images' pixels value decomposition. The Lest Significant Bit (LSB) is consider as the most widely spatial domain method used for data hiding. LSB embeds the secret message's bits into the least significant bit plane( Binary decomposition) of the image in a sequentially manner . The LSB is simple, but it poses some critical issues. The secret message is easily detected and attacked duo to the sequential embedding process. Moreover, embedding using a higher bit plane would degrade the image quality. In this paper, we are proposing a novel data hiding method based on Lucas number system. We use Lucas number system to decompose the images' pixels values to allow using higher bit plane for embedding without degrading the image's quality. Moreover, the data hiding process security is enhanced by using Pseudo Random Number Generators(PRNG) for selecting the image's pixels used for embedding data.
Anthropogenic carbon distributions in the Atlantic Ocean: data-based estimates from the Arctic to the Antarctic

Abstract. Five of the most recent observational methods to estimate anthropogenic CO2 (Cant) are applied to a high-quality dataset from five representative sections of the Atlantic Ocean extending from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Between latitudes 60° N–40° S all methods give similar spatial distributions and magnitude of Cant. However, discrepancies are found in some regions, in particular in the Southern Ocean and Nordic Seas. The differences in the Southern Ocean have a significant impact on the anthropogenic carbon inventories. The calculated total inventories of Cant for the Atlantic referred to 1994 vary from 48 to 67 Pg (1015 g) of carbon, with an average of 54±8 Pg C, which is higher than previous estimates. These results, both the detailed Cant distributions and extrapolated inventories, will help to evaluate biogeochemical ocean models and coupled climate-carbon models.
Antioxidant evaluation and cytotoxic activity of Asclepias curassavica linn.

Asclepias curassavica L. (Aselepiadacea) has been known since ancient times for its curative properties and has been utilized for the treatment of various ailments such as tumor, asthma, fever, homeostasis, inflammation, diarrhea, and warts. In recent times a great number of chemical and pharmacological studies have been done on Asclepias curassavica L. In the present study hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts of Asclepias curassavica L. were evaluated for their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The in vitro antioxidant activity was conducted by determining the total phenolic content by using Folin-ciocalteu regent and DPPH free radical scavenging activity. In all the three solvent highest total phenolic content and highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity percentage was shown by chloroform extract of Asclepias curassavica L. i.e. 105.6GAEmg/gram dry material and 93.8% respectively which are nearly equal to Ascorbic acid and Gallic acid standard. The anti-proliferative activities of Asclepias curassavica L. was also studied in vitro by using two assay i.e. ATP chemiluminescent and flow cytometry on two cell lines i.e. HeLa and MDA-MB-231. Asclepias curassavica L. exhibited potential cytotoxic activity. Thus results indicate that this plant might be used as a potential source of natural antioxidant and as anti-cancer agent.
Holographic Dynamics as Way to Solve the Basic Cosmological Problems

We review recent results on the cosmological models based on the holographic principle which were proposed to explain the most of the problems occurring in the Standard Cosmological Model. It is shown that these models naturally solve the cosmological constant problem and coincidence problem. Well-documented cosmic acceleration at the present time was analyzed in the light of holographic dark energy. In particular, we showed that in the model of Universe consisting of dark matter interacting with a scalar field on the agegraphic background can explain the transient acceleration. We also study the impact of ideas on the physics of entangled states in these cosmological models. Entanglement entropy of the universe gives holographic dark energy with the equation of state consistent with current observational data.
Nitrogen-rich groundwater intrusion affects productivity, but not herbivory, of the tropical seagrass Thalassia testudinum

Discovery Bay, Jamaica, is a coastal lagoon with areas of substantial submarine ground- water discharge that supply terrestrially derived nu - trients to the marine ecosystem. The present study demonstrates that groundwater nitrogen delivery through the sediments allows benthic primary pro- ducers to utilize this resource. Meadows of Thalassia testudi num located within the discharge zone of the groundwater seepage had significantly more above- ground biomass, higher rates of productivity and leaves enriched in nitrogen. However, there were no observable positive impacts of nitrogen enrichment on epiphytic algal biomass within these areas. While recent studies have shown that herbivores preferen- tially graze seagrass blades with elevated tissue nitrogen levels, reciprocal transplant experiments revealed that herbivores avoided the nitrogen- en riched leaves and preferentially consumed leaves that were stoichiometrically enriched in phosphorus when transplanted within groundwater areas. This finding suggests that herbivore grazing was influ- enced more by the ecological stoichiometry of these plants than by the absolute nitrogen content in this phosphorus-limited tropical marine system.
Control modo deslizante-∆ modulación de un convertidor "buck"

A recently proposed approach that sets sliding mode control of linear systems within a classical input-output control framework (Sira-Ramirez [8]), is here used for the input-output sliding mode stabilization of “buck” DC-toDC Power Converter. The approach evades state measurements and circumvents the explicit use of asymptotic state observers in the sliding surface synthesis. The proposed scheme is also robust with respect to unmatched perturbation inputs. A connection between sliding modes and classical ∆-modulators is also brought to attention as a tool for the realization of sliding mode control schemes in systems commanded by a switch position where a desirable average feedback controller design needs to be implemented.
Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Ratios Analysis of Food Sources for Chironomus acerbiphilus larvae ( Diptera Chironomidae ) in Strongly Acidic Lake Katanuma

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in organisms are generally considered to be a useful tool as natural tracers to analyze organism' s food sourcesl), 2). Generally at each trophic transfer of food energy, carbon stable isotope ratios increase by 0 2 %o, whereas nitrogen stable isotope ratios increase by 3 5 %o 3>,4>. The food ingested by deposit feeder is consisted of deposit organic matters assemblaging many kinds of organic matters from different origin. It is very difficult to determine the food sources assimilated by deposit feeders, therefore, only though indirect methods, such as analysis of gut contents and feces5). Accordingly stable isotope ratios are assumed to be a useful tool to analyze food sources of deposit feeder, but it is not easy to adapt stable isotope ratios as a tool to analyze food sources of deposit feeder5),6) Lake Katanuma is a volcanic lake located the northeastern part of Japan and a strongly acidic lake (average pH 2.2), due to high concentration of sulfate produced by the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide, which is supplied from fumorales of the lake bottom7). The biotic community of Lake Katanuma is composed of only several dominant species including Chironomus acerbiphilus (Diptera Chironomi-
The effect of Cu and Fe cations on NH3-supported proton transport in DeNOx-SCR zeolite catalysts

Proton transport studies revealed the different influence of Fe and Cu cations on the NH3–zeolite interaction and the NO–zeolite interaction in the presence of adsorbed NH3. At low temperatures, after NH3 saturation, Cu-ZSM-5 is more reactive than Fe-ZSM-5 for NO activation forming highly mobile NH4+ intermediates.
Experimental Study and wake Characteristics Comparison of a Car Model in Steady and Unsteady Flow

In this study, changes in velocity, turbulence intensity and drag coefficient in the wake of a notch-back car modelling steady and unsteady flow is measured and evaluated. The blow open circuit wind tunnel is used to simulate fluid flow. Turbulence intensity and nominal maximum speed of the device is measured to be 0.01% and 30m/s, respectively. The speed has been continuously increased by an inverter causing changes in rotational speed of the electromotor. In the near location to the model, the results showed three different regimes in the velocity profile of the model's wake. With increasing distance from the model and with increasing the speed, three regimes in the wake are close to each other. Drag coefficient for several velocities is measured, where the result shows that decreasing in drag coefficient is proportional with increasing velocity. In addition, the changing trends of higher order velocity of parameters like flatness and skewedness are depicted.
Design and Evaluation of a Humanoid Robot for Autism Therapy

Design and Evaluation of a Humanoid Robot for Autism Therapy Daniel Ricks Department of Mechanical Engineering Master of Science Recent evidence has shown that children with autism may behave more pro-socially when interacting with a robot than with a human. The objective of this research is to develop a robotic system for use in the clinical treatment of children with autism. The governing assumption behind this thesis is that using a robot in a clinic, under the guidance of a trained therapist, may lead to therapeutic benefits that may not be achieved without the presence of the robot. The robot Troy was developed to fulfill such a role in a clinical setting. The primary objective was to design a robot that would be engaging to the children. Secondary objectives included making it versatile, easy to use, and affordable enough for wide-spread use. To facilitate engaging activities for the children, the robot needed to be able to express facial emotions as well as have arms that can move similar to humans. The resulting design is an upper-body humanoid robot with two four-degree-of-freedom arms and a two-degree-of-freedom neck. The face is generated by a small computer monitor mounted on the neck. Troy is connected to a user interface so that its actions can be sequenced and controlled by a clinician during a therapy session. Although the long-term clinical benefits of using robots like Troy must ultimately be determined by experienced therapists, preliminary clinical trials suggest that Troy is an engaging tool that helps the children become more interactive during therapy sessions. Therapists note that children are intrigued by Troy, and while Troy is present the children have been observed to interact more with the therapists in the room. This gives us further hope that robot-assisted autism therapy will help these children generalize what they learn in the clinic to other aspects of their life.
8 Mindfulness An Antidote for Wandering Minds

Despite the vast flexibility that language offers us for self-expression, we occasionally encounter the limitations of words as imperfect symbols. The word red may trigger something relatively universal, but burgundy will likely take on a different meaning for a seamstress and a wine aficionado. Words become particularly clumsy when there is not much agreement as to where they point. Most of us use love with some trust that others will understand our meaning, yet the word holds a somewhat different significance for each of us. Mindfulness has arrived at a similar fate—received with a sense of growing familiarity, but ultimately varied in its meaning. Fortunately, this fate need not stall the pursuit of the benefits that mindfulness offers any more than our lumbering use of love prevents us from experiencing intimate connection. After all, there are always love letters and operational definitions to help us convey our meanings more clearly.
Relay Selection and Power Allocation with QoS Guranteed in Cognitive Radio Networks

In this paper, we consider the problem of joint relay selection and power allocation in a cognitive radio (CR) network, where a secondary user (SU) source communicates with a secondary access point (AP) assisted by a set of SU relays. Each SU in this set not only acts as a potential relay but also has its own quality of service (QoS) requirement. We propose an optimal scheme with QoS support. On the premise of meeting the minimum QoS requirements of all SUs, the goal of the proposed scheme is to maximize the weighted sum rate of the network. A closed-form solution for the optimal power allocation can be obtained by the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions.
E–Government meets Search Computing

People shop online, compare online, book hotels and flights online. This happens because the data needed to complete these tasks are easily accessible and a lot of Web sites allow users to query the Web to obtain enough information to be confident. The aim of this work is to propose a framework tailored to extend the internet revolution to public administration exploiting the Search Computing paradigm. It is a new way for composing data. While state-of-art search systems answer generic or domain-specific queries, Search Computing enables answering questions via a constellation of cooperating data sources, called search services, which are correlated by means of join operations.
4081 Education and Industrialization in Prussia : A Reassessment

This paper investigates Becker, Hornung and Woessmann’s recent claim that education had an important causal effect on Prussian industrialization and finds it unwarranted. The econometric analysis on which this claim is based suffers from severe problems, notably the omission of relevant variables which leads to serious bias in the estimated effect of education. When these problems are corrected, the conclusions of Becker, Hornung and Woessmann no longer hold. Education did not play an important role in enabling Prussia to catch up with Britain during the nineteenth century. JEL-Code: I250, J240, N130, N330.
Impact of Information Communication Technology and Social Presence on Adult Learners’ Emotions in Distance Learning Programme, University Of Ibadan, Nigeria

The study examined impact of information communication technology and social presence on adult learners’ emotions in distance learning programme, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. One thousand, nine hundred and eighty-four (1,984) respondents were selected from the University of Ibadan distance learning centre, Ibadan, Nigeria through purposive sampling technique. An instrument tagged Information Communication Technology and Social Presence on Adult Learners’ Emotions Scale’ (ICTSPALES) with r = 0.91 was used to obtain data for the study. Two hypotheses were postulated and data was analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). Results showed that there was significant relationship between information communication technology and adult learners’ emotions in distance learning, University of Ibadan (r = .705; P < 0.05). Also, there was significant relationship between social presence and adult learners’ emotions in distance learning, University of Ibadan (r = .537; P < 0.05). Therefore, the study recommended that distance education should further address issues of collaboration and community in order to fully embrace the collaborative potential of online learning and as well train tutors to develop the necessary communication skills, which would help them in online distance learning or blended courses.
Hinted Networks

We present Hinted Networks: a collection of architectural transformations for improving the accuracies of neural network models for regression tasks, through the injection of a prior for the output prediction (i.e. a hint). We ground our investigations within the camera relocalization domain, and propose two variants, namely the Hinted Embedding and Hinted Residual networks, both applied to the PoseNet base model for regressing camera pose from an image. Our evaluations show practical improvements in localization accuracy for standard outdoor and indoor localization datasets, without using additional information. We further assess the range of accuracy gains within an aerial-view localization setup, simulated across vast areas at different times of the year.
UMA PROPOSTA DE INTERSETORIALIDADE PARA INVESTIGAR POLUIÇÃO ATMOSFÉRICA E ALERGIAS RESPIRATÓRIAS A PROPOSAL OF INTERSECTORALITY FOR RESEARCH IN AIR POLLUTION AND RESPIRATORY DISEASE

Nelzair A. Vianna1,2, Leonardo R. de Andrade4, Adelmir Souza-Machado5, Paulo H. N. Saldiva3 1Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental – Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Salvador; 2Departamento de Medicina Preventiva – FMB/ UFBA; Salvador, BA; 3Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica e Experimental Faculdade de Medicina – Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo, SP; 4Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro, RJ; 5ProAR – Programa para o Controle da Asma e da Rinite Alérgica na Bahia; Salvador, BA, Brasil
LDA analysis of PVC-central recirculation zone interaction in a model vortex burner

An LDA technique and phase averaging analysis were used to study an unsteady flow in a model vortex burner (Fig. 1a). The flow instability originated from a precessing vortex core (PVC) associated with swirling jet breakdown. In Fig. 1a, and based on phase averaged flow analysis for one time instant, the centre locations of the three vortex structures found are schematically represented: the PVC, helical central recirculation vortex (HCRV) and helical outer vortex (HOV). Eduction of the vortex structures was based on λ2-plots (Jeong and Hussain, 1995) similar to that shown in Fig. 1b. The map displays the outer vortex arm responsible for controlling fluid entrainment in the outer shear layer of the jet. The inner spiral arm represents the central recirculation zone (CRZ) with a non-classical structure (the CRZ is usually axisymmetric due to time averaging of data). Based on data analysis we conclude that the PVC interacts with the helical central recirculation zone, acting as a stirrer inside it, rapidly losing energy during the interaction.
Understanding The Implications of Internally and Externally Generated Revenue for Social Entrepreneurship: A critical Analysis

Funding strategy has often been the determinant factor in the level of success for social entrepreneurships. The strategy could be a preference for internally generated revenue, externally generated revenue or a combination of the two. Interestingly, scarcity of resources has always been „a clog in the wheel‟ of meaningful execution of projects irrespective of the funding model a social entrepreneur chooses. Through a review of existing literatures, this paper weighs the implications of choosing either externally generated revenue or internally generated revenue; specifically contextualizing the study to US. More so, it attempts to find out which of the two models would ensure optimum productivity, given that scarcity of resources would hamper the chances of effectively running the two models simultaneously. To arrive at a „plausible‟ response, principles of resource valuation become vital in determining the costs and benefits associated with each model of funding. Consequently, the findings show that though both internally and externally generated revenue are sine qua non to an effective and efficient production of social values, internally generated revenue ensures better optimum production than externally generated revenue. Table of