Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-conventional insulators : metal-insulator transition and topological protection

Ce manuscrit presente une etude experimentale de phase isolante non-conventionnelle, l'isolant d'Anderson, induit par le desordre, l'isolant de Mott, induit par les interactions de Coulomb, et les isolants topologiques.Dans une premiere partie du manuscrit, je decrirais le developpement d'une methode pour etudier la reponse de charge de nanoparticules par Microscopie a Force Electrostatique (EFM). Cette methode a ete appliquee a des nanoparticules de magnetite (Fe3O4), un materiau qui presente une transition metal-isolant, i.e. la transition de Verwey, lors de son refroidissement en dessous d'une temperature TV~120 K.Dans une seconde partie, ce manuscrit presente une etude detaillee de l'evolution de la densite d'etats au travers de la transition metal-isolant entre un isolant de type Anderson-Mott et une phase metallique dans le materiau SrTiO3, et ceci, en fonction de la concentration de dopants, les lacunes d'oxygenes. Nous avons trouve que dans un dispositif memoresistif de type Au-SrTiO3-Au, la concentration de dopants pouvait etre ajustee par migration des lacunes d'oxygenes a l'aide d'un champ. Dans cette jonction tunnel, l'evolution de la densites d'etats au travers de la transition metal-isolant peut etre etudiee de facon continue. Finalement, dans une troisieme partie, le manuscrit presente le developpement d'une methode pour la microfabrication d'anneaux de Aharonov-Bohm avec l'isolant topologique, Bi2Se3, deposee par epitaxie a jet moleculaire. Des resultats preliminaires sur les proprietes de transport quantique de ces dispositifs seront presentes.
“Taking the Temperature of the Room”

For most of the twentieth century, public opinion was nearly analogous with polling. Enter social media, which has upended the social, technical, and communication contingencies upon which public opinion is constructed. This study documents how political professionals turn to social media to understand the public, charting important implications for the practice of campaigning as well as the study of public opinion itself. An analysis of in-depth interviews with 13 professionals from 2016 US presidential campaigns details how they use social media to understand and represent public opinion. I map these uses of social media onto a theoretical model, accounting for quantitative and qualitative measurement, for instrumental and symbolic purposes. Campaigns’ use of social media data to infer and symbolize public opinion is a new development in the relationship between campaigns and supporters. These new tools and symbols of public opinion are shaped by campaigns and drive press coverage (McGregor 2019), highlighting the hybrid logic of the political media system (Chadwick 2017). The model I present brings much-needed attention to qualitative data, a novel aspect of social media in understanding public opinion. The use of social media data to understand the public, for all its problems of representativeness, may provide a retort to long-standing criticisms of surveys—specifically that surveys do not reveal hierarchical, social, or public aspects of opinion formation (Blumer 1948; Herbst 1998; Cramer 2016). This model highlights a need to explicate what can—and cannot—be understood about public opinion via social media.
Lemna minor Bioassay Evaluation Using Computer Image Analysis

This article deals with using computer vision in the evaluation of the Lemna minor bioassay. According to the conventional method, the growth of Lemna minor mass is determined from the number of leaves grown. In this work, instead of counting individual leaves, we propose measuring the area occupied by the leaves using computer vision and compare the new approach with the conventional one. The bioassay is performed according to the ISO 20079 standard as a 168 h growth inhibition test; the aim of the experiment was to quantify the negative effects on the vegetative growth using two parameters—the number of leaves and the area occupied by the leaves. The method based on image processing was faster and also more precise since it enabled us to detect the negative effect of the tested substance on leave size, not only on their number. It can be concluded that the toxic effect has shown to be more significant when considering the leaves area rather than the number of leaves. Moreover, mistakes caused by human factor during leaves counting are eliminated using the computer vision based method.
CP-MLR derived QSAR rationales for the PPARy agonistic activity of the pyridyloxybenzene-acylsulfonamide derivatives

QSAR rationales have been obtained for the PPAR transactivation activity of pyridyloxybenzene-acylsulfonamides in terms of 0Dto 2D-Dragon descriptors. The descriptors identified in CP-MLR analysis have highlighted the role of atomic mass, van der Waals volumes and polarizability through weighted 2D autocorrelations (GATS1v and GATS1p), modified Burden eigenvalue (BEHm4) and molecular weight (MW). Sum of topological distances between O and S atoms (descriptor T(O.S)), and N and Cl atoms (descriptor T(N.Cl)), average connectivity index chi-1(X1A) and Quadratic index (Qindex) have also shown dominance to optimize the PPARγ transactivation. Descriptors RBN and RBF suggested presence of rotatable bonds in a molecular structure for better PPAR activity. Applicability domain analysis revealed that the suggested model matches the high quality parameters with good fitting power and the capability of assessing external data and all of the compounds was within the applicability domain of the proposed model and were evaluated correctly.
Financial Intermediation and Technology: What's Old, What's New?

We study the effects of technological change on financial intermediation, distinguishing between innovations in information (data collection and processing) and communication (relationships and distribution). Both follow historic trends towards an increased use of hard information and less in-person interaction, which are accelerating rapidly. We point to more recent innovations, such as the combination of data abundance and artificial intelligence, and the rise of digital platforms. We argue that in particular the rise of new communication channels can lead to the vertical and horizontal disintegration of the traditional bank business model. Specialized providers of financial services can chip away activities that do not rely on access to balance sheets, while platforms can interject themselves between banks and customers. We discuss limitations to these challenges, and the resulting policy implications.
The Alaska Amphibious Community Seismic Experiment

The Alaska Amphibious Community Seismic Experiment (AACSE) is a shoreline-crossing passive- and active-source seismic experiment that took place from May 2018 through August 2019 along an ∼700 km long section of the Aleutian subduction zone spanning Kodiak Island and the Alaska Peninsula. The experiment featured 105 broadband seismometers; 30 were deployed onshore, and 75 were deployed offshore in Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) packages. Additional strong-motion instruments were also deployed at six onshore seismic sites. Offshore OBS stretched from the outer rise across the trench to the shelf. OBSs in shallow water (<262 m depth) were deployed with a trawl-resistant shield, and deeper OBSs were unshielded. Additionally, a number of OBS-mounted strong-motion instruments, differential and absolute pressure gauges, hydrophones, and temperature and salinity sensors were deployed. OBSs were deployed on two cruises of the R/V Sikuliaq in May and July 2018 and retrieved on two cruises aboard the R/V Sikuliaq and R/V Langseth in August–September 2019. A complementary 398-instrument nodal seismometer array was deployed on Kodiak Island for four weeks in May–June 2019, and an active-source seismic survey on the R/V Langseth was arranged in June 2019 to shoot into the AACSE broadband network and the nodes. Additional underway data from cruises include seafloor bathymetry and sub-bottom profiles, with extra data collected near the rupture zone of the 2018 Mw 7.9 offshore-Kodiak earthquake. The AACSE network was deployed simultaneously with the EarthScope Transportable Array (TA) in Alaska, effectively densifying and extending the TA offshore in the region of the Alaska Peninsula. AACSE is a community experiment, and all data were made available publicly as soon as feasible in appropriate repositories.
Estimation of Heavy Metals in Some Indian Black Tea Leaves by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) and Associated Health Risks

Background: Some of the heavy metals are considered beneficial, if intake of them is within permissible trace amount and some other are highly toxic even in trace amount. So, heavy metals intake is one of the major concerns. Heavy metals enter into body via air, water, food, clothing and some of them gets accumulate in body organs this leads to many disorders and causes life threatening diseases including cancer. All of our food comes from plants directly or indirectly. Tea the highly consuming beverage after water comes from the leaves of plant/shrub Camellia Sinensis. Methods: Aim of the present work is to determine the elements present in Tea brew (Chai, boiling the Tea leaves in water) made from black Tea leaves of major brands available in local Indian market, more specifically heavy metals Cobalt (Co), Arsenic (As), Silver (Ag), Cadmium (Cd), Indium (In), mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb). Total eleven samples were investigated with the instrument Perkin Elmer NexIon-300x Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). Result: Results have shown that Cobalt, Arsenic, Cadmium, Indium and Lead were present in all samples. Cobalt concentration varies from lowest 71.9 µg/kg to highest 214.3 µg/kg; Arsenic concentration varies from lowest 1.2 µg/kg to highest 53.7 µg/kg; Cadmium concentration varies from lowest 15.4 µg/kg to highest 75.03 µg/kg; Indium concentration varies from lowest 0.054 µg/kg to highest 0.70 µg/kg; Lead concentration varies from lowest 61.0 µg/kg to highest 2404.3 µg/kg. Mercury was present in two samples only in S9 and S11 with concentration 6.2 µg/kg and 1.4 µg/kg respectively; Out of eleven samples only seven samples have shown the presence of Silver its concentration varies from lowest 10.3 µg/kg to highest 193.0 µg/kg; Samples S2, S7, S8 and S10 were shown the absence of Silver and Mercury; Lead was found to be most abundant with concentration 2404.3 µg/kg and Indium was found to be least abundant with concentration 0.054 µg/kg.
Impact of Standing Column Well Operation on Carbonate Scaling

Standing column well constitutes a recent promising solution to provide heating or cooling and to reduce greenhouse gases emissions in urban areas. Nevertheless, scaling issues can emerge in presence of carbonates and impact their efficiency. Even though a thermo-hydro-geochemical model demonstrated the impact of the water temperature on carbonate concentration, this conclusion has not been yet demonstrated by field investigations. To do so, an experimental ground source heat pump system connected to a standing column well was operated under various conditions to collect 50 groundwater samples over a period of 267 days. These field samples were used for mineral analysis and laboratory batch experiments. The results were analyzed with multivariate regression and geochemical simulations and confirmed a clear relationship between the calcium concentrations measured in the well, the temperature and the calcite equilibrium constant. It was also found that operating a ground source heat pump system in conjunction with a small groundwater treatment system allows reduction of calcium concentration in the well, while shutting down the system leads to a quite rapid increase at a level consistent with the regional calcium concentration. Although no major clogging or biofouling problem was observed after two years of operation, mineral scales made of carbonates precipitated on a flowmeter and hindered its operation. The paper provides insight on the impact of standing column well on groundwater quality and suggests some mitigation measures.
Adatok és kiegészítések a magyarországi adventív flóra kivadult, meghonosodott és potenciális inváziós fajainak ismeretéhez

In this paper we compiled data on 157 Hungarian adventive plant species – of which 65 had not been reported from the country previously – from 47 settlements of Transdanubia and the Great Hungarian Plain. These taxa are rare, interesting or not included in the most recent list of the Hungarian neophyte species. The list includes data about many rare, occasionally escaping species (e.g. Lagurus ovatus, Salvia coccinea), taxa considered incapable of reproduction under the recent climatic conditions of the Pannonian Basin (e.g. Cupressus sempervirens, Punica granatum) or naturalised plants that may become invasive in the future (e.g. Celtis sinensis, Lonicera japonica). In the outlook we highlighted some special urban habitats (e.g. private and botanical gardens) and practices (e.g. public green space management) that endanger the native flora. We also describe their role in promoting the appearance and the expansion of alien plant species, and processes (e.g. laurophyllisation, spread of thermophile species) that will become increasingly common in the future as a result of climate change.
Compensating for processing difficulty in discourse: Effect of parallelism in contrastive relations

ABSTRACT This study aims to establish whether the processing of different connectives (e.g., and, but) and different coherence relations (addition, contrast) can be modulated by a structural feature of the connected segments—namely, parallelism. While but is mainly used to contrast two expressions, and occurs in many different relations and has been shown to come with a processing cost. We report three self-paced reading experiments in which we manipulate whether the connected segments share a common verb phrase. Such parallel constructions frequently occur in contrastive relations, although they are typically treated as additive in comprehension research. We expect that parallelism will compensate for the cognitive complexity of contrast and for the ambiguity of and by further signaling the coherence relation. Our results indicate that parallelism speeds up processing and provides further evidence for priming in comprehension. However, parallelism interacted with connective ambiguity in an overt disambiguation task (Experiment 3) but not in a more natural reading task (Experiment 2). We argue that the processing of contrast remains shallow unless disambiguation is explicitly required.
Homophily and peer-consumer behaviour in a peer-to-peer accommodation sharing economy platform

ABSTRACT Peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation is considered as an important subsector of the ‘sharing economy’. P2P sharing economy (SE) platforms bring mostly individual actors called ‘peers’ together to create value. In general, interactions among peers in P2P SE platforms are considered novel and social with communal feelings such as friendliness and social satisfaction (Perren and Kozinets 2018, Lateral Exchange Markets: How Social Platforms Operate in a Networked Economy) and some research attention has been paid to peer interaction dynamics on P2P accommodation platforms in recent years. This study employs homophily, a potential user interaction dynamic but rarely studied in the context of SE platforms, and investigates its impact on peer-consumer behaviour in a P2P accommodation platform. We also examine homophily drivers in the context of accommodation sharing platforms. Our results suggest that homophily does contribute to peer-users’ consumption intention through trust and attitude, and that ethnicity and gender, two strong homophily factors identified in the literature, do not have statistically significant effects on homophily in this context. However, qualitative analysis of open-ended questions suggests that other homophily factors may be more influential in the accommodation sharing economy context. We believe that this study makes a meaningful contribution by expanding our understanding of peer-users’ interaction dynamics in the context of accommodation sharing platforms.
Effect of hydrostatic pressure and memory effect on magneto-thermoelastic materials with two-temperatures

The present article is aimed at studying the effect of an induced magnetic field in an initially stressed homogeneous, isotropic, thermoelastic half-space. The corresponding mathematical modeling has been formulated in the context the memory-dependent heat transport equation in the context of three-phase lag model of generalized thermoelasticity involving two-temperature theory. The bounding plane of the medium is subjected to different types of prescribed temperature and variable mechanical loading. Employing the Laplace transform, the analytical results for the distributions of the thermophysical quantities have been derived and the corresponding vector-matrix differential equation is solved with the help of state space approach. The numerical inversion of the Laplace transform is carried out with the help of an efficient and pragmatic algorithm based on the Riemann-sum approximation technique. Numerical computations for a copper material is performed and have been demonstrated graphically. The result provides a motivation to investigate the problem and draw conducting remarks due to the influence of the magnetic field, memory effect and time-delay parameter also.
Neural and Behavioral Evidence for Frequency-Selective Context Effects in Rhythm Processing in Humans

Abstract When listening to music, people often perceive and move along with a periodic meter. However, the dynamics of mapping between meter perception and the acoustic cues to meter periodicities in the sensory input remain largely unknown. To capture these dynamics, we recorded the electroencephalography while nonmusician and musician participants listened to nonrepeating rhythmic sequences, where acoustic cues to meter frequencies either gradually decreased (from regular to degraded) or increased (from degraded to regular). The results revealed greater neural activity selectively elicited at meter frequencies when the sequence gradually changed from regular to degraded compared with the opposite. Importantly, this effect was unlikely to arise from overall gain, or low-level auditory processing, as revealed by physiological modeling. Moreover, the context effect was more pronounced in nonmusicians, who also demonstrated facilitated sensory-motor synchronization with the meter for sequences that started as regular. In contrast, musicians showed weaker effects of recent context in their neural responses and robust ability to move along with the meter irrespective of stimulus degradation. Together, our results demonstrate that brain activity elicited by rhythm does not only reflect passive tracking of stimulus features, but represents continuous integration of sensory input with recent context.
Comparison of Subjective Esthetic Perceptions of Dentists with Different Sex and Clinical Experiences with Objective Dentolabial Esthetic Measurements

Objective: The aim of this study is evaluate the consistency of certain measurable dentolabial criteria between the esthetic values accepted in the literature and the subjective opinions of physicians. Materials and Methods: Four associated professors and four research assistants in the field of Prosthodontics were selected as the examiners of the study. Smile photos taken from 200 volunteer participants with only the mouth region were examined. The results of measurement of the curvature of the incisal edge and lower lip parallelism, incisal edge and lower lip contact, laugh line, buccal corridor and interincisal line and midline variables and subjective assessments of the evaluators were compared with Cochran Q test. Results: Esthetic perception is subjective and there was a significant correlation between objective measurements and subjective perception in the incisal edge and lower lip parallelism, laugh line and buccal corridor variables. No statistically significant difference was found between male and female individuals, similarly between specialists and research assistants. Conclusion: There is no consensus between esthetically objective findings and subjective views.
New Capacity Results for Fading Gaussian Multiuser Channels With Statistical CSIT

In this paper, fast fading Gaussian multiuser channels are considered. If the channel state information (CSI) is perfectly known to the transmitter, capacities have been derived for many cases in which the channels satisfy certain information-theoretic orders such as degradedness, or strong/very strong interference. We study the case when only the statistics of the CSI are known at the transmitter, which is an open problem in general. The main contributions of this paper are the following: First, we derive a sufficient condition to construct equivalent (having the same capacity region as the original channel) degraded Gaussian broadcast channels, which is based on the marginal distributions of the channel gains. To achieve this goal, we leverage three schemes: coupling, maximal coupling, and copulas, in addition to the same marginal property. The underlying idea of all schemes is to obtain an equivalent channel by changing the joint distribution in such a way that it satisfies a certain information-theoretic order while ensuring that the marginal distributions of the channels to different users are not changed. The construction of this equivalent multiuser channel allows us to directly apply existing capacity results. We then further derive the capacity regions of Gaussian interference channels with strong and very strong interferences, and also the secrecy capacity of Gaussian wiretap channels, while in all cases, the transmitters know only the statistics of the channels. Several practical examples such as Rayleigh fading and Nakagami- ${m}$ fading illustrate the applicability of the derived results.