Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of Poor Differentiation or Positive Vertical Margin with Residual Disease in Patients with Subsequent Colectomy after Complete Macroscopic Endoscopic Resection of Early Colorectal Cancer

In the presence of unfavorable pathologic results after endoscopic resection of colorectal cancer, colectomy is routinely performed. We determined the risk factors for residual diseases in patients with colectomy after complete macroscopic endoscopic resection of early colorectal cancer. We identified consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic resection of early colorectal cancer and subsequently underwent colectomy, from January 2011 to December 2014. Clinicopathologic risk factors related to the residual disease were analyzed. In total, 148 patients underwent endoscopic resection and subsequent colectomy. Residual disease on colectomy was noted in 16 (10.9%) patients. The rates of poorly differentiated/mucinous histology (p = 0.028) and of positive or unknown vertical resection margin (p = 0.047) were higher in patients with residual disease than in those without. In multivariate analysis, a poorly differentiated/mucinous histology and positive or unknown vertical resection margin were significantly associated with residual disease (odds ratio = 7.508 and 2.048, p = 0.015 and 0.049, resp.). After complete macroscopic endoscopic resection of early colorectal cancer, there is a greater need for additional colectomy in cases with a positive or unknown vertical resection margin or a poorly differentiated/mucinous histology, because of their higher risk of residual cancer and lymph node metastasis.
Transport of infectious reovirus into bile: class II major histocompatibility antigen-bearing cells determine reovirus transport

We have previously demonstrated that mammalian reovirus type 1 enters the bile and gut lumen after systemic administration. In the present study, we showed that Kupffer cell uptake is essential for the transport of reovirus into the bile. Furthermore, class II major histocompatibility antigen (I-A)-bearing cells are a major determinant for the transit of reovirus from the hepatic environment, as well as from the intestine, during the course of systemic infection. These findings may provide an approach to the control of viral pathogens that cause systemic disease by selective utilization or modification of I-A-bearing cells.
Obatoclax, Saliphenylhalamide, and Gemcitabine Inhibit Influenza A Virus Infection*

Background: Novel options should be developed for treatment of IAV infections. Results: Obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide, and gemcitabine target host factors and inhibit IAV and several other viruses infections. Conclusion: These compounds represent potent antiviral agents. Significance: These compounds could be exploited in treatment of severe viral infections. Influenza A viruses (IAVs) infect humans and cause significant morbidity and mortality. Different treatment options have been developed; however, these were insufficient during recent IAV outbreaks. Here, we conducted a targeted chemical screen in human nonmalignant cells to validate known and search for novel host-directed antivirals. The screen validated saliphenylhalamide (SaliPhe) and identified two novel anti-IAV agents, obatoclax and gemcitabine. Further experiments demonstrated that Mcl-1 (target of obatoclax) provides a novel host target for IAV treatment. Moreover, we showed that obatoclax and SaliPhe inhibited IAV uptake and gemcitabine suppressed viral RNA transcription and replication. These compounds possess broad spectrum antiviral activity, although their antiviral efficacies were virus-, cell type-, and species-specific. Altogether, our results suggest that phase II obatoclax, investigational SaliPhe, and FDA/EMEA-approved gemcitabine represent potent antiviral agents.
Na 1K 1-2 Cl 2 cotransport in Ehrlich cells : regulation by protein phosphatases and kinases

Krarup, Thomas, Lene D. Jakobsen, Bo S. Jensen, and Else K. Hoffmann. Na1-K1-2Cl2 cotransport in Ehrlich cells: regulation by protein phosphatases and kinases. Am. J. Physiol. 275 (Cell Physiol. 44): C239–C250, 1998. —To identify protein kinases (PK) and phosphatases (PP) involved in regulation of the Na1-K1-2Cl2 cotransporter in Ehrlich cells, the effect of various PK and PP inhibitors was examined. The PP-1, PP-2A, and PP-3 inhibitor calyculin A (Cal-A) was a potent activator of Na1-K1-2Cl2 cotransport (EC50 5 35 nM). Activation by Cal-A was rapid (,1 min) but transient. Inactivation is probably due to a 10% cell swelling and/or the concurrent increase in intracellular Cl2 concentration. Cell shrinkage also activates the Na1-K1-2Cl2 cotransport system. Combining cell shrinkage with Cal-A treatment prolonged the cotransport activation compared with stimulation with Cal-A alone, suggesting PK stimulation by cell shrinkage. Shrinkage-induced cotransport activation was pH and Ca21/calmodulin dependent. Inhibition of myosin light chain kinase by ML-7 and ML-9 or of PKA by H-89 and KT-5720 inhibited cotransport activity induced by Cal-A and by cell shrinkage, with IC50 values similar to reported inhibition constants of the respective kinases in vitro. Cell shrinkage increased the ML-7-sensitive cotransport activity, whereas the H-89-sensitive activity was unchanged, suggesting that myosin light chain kinase is a modulator of the Na1-K1-2Cl2 cotransport activity during regulatory volume increase.
Coverage of the Oral Healthcare services providing for Antenatal mothers in the district of Gampaha, in Sri Lanka

Introduction: Antenatal oral healthcare programme was introduced in Sri Lanka with the collaboration of existing Maternal and Child Health (MCH) programme in 2009 to provide evidence based oral healthcare to all antenatal mothers. Objectives: To assess the coverage of care of the National Programme for providing Oral Healthcare to Pregnant Mothers in the district of Gampaha. Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted during 2013 – 2014 to assess the programme coverage in terms of availability, accessibility and utilization of the services. Information was gathered from document analysis using previous records. A community survey was also conducted among 240 antenatal mothers selected from 20 MCH clinics in the district. Results: The number of registered pregnant mothers per government Dental Surgeon was 916 in the year 2013. The service availability was satisfactory only in four MOH areas out of 15 in the district. The physical accessibility data revealed 67.5% of mothers resided within five kilometers from a government dental clinic, whereas it was 80% from a private dental clinic. The oral screening and treatment completion coverage found were 45% and 15% respectively. Conclusion and recommendation: There is an issue of low „coverage‟ of care in the district. Oral screening coverage could be improved by increasing frequency and number of clinics targeting antenatal mothers. Adequate supervision and regular monitoring and evaluation of the programme at all levels in various stages are essential to improve the coverage of care.
Impact response by a foamlike forest of coiled carbon nanotubes

We studied the dynamic response of a foamlike forest of coiled carbon nanotubes under high strain rate deformation using a simple drop-ball test. The method is based on measuring the dynamic force between the ball and the foam on the substrate during the stages of penetration and restitution. The analysis of the forest’s morphology after impact has shown no trace of plastic deformation and a full recovery of the foamlike layer of coiled carbon nanotubes under various impact velocities. The contact force exhibits a strongly nonlinear dependence on displacement and appears fundamentally different from the response of a forest of straight carbon nanotubes, and from the Hertzian type of plane-sphere interaction. “Brittle” fracture of the foamlike layer is observed after repeated high velocity impacts. Such layers of coiled nanotubes may be used as a strongly nonlinear spring in discrete systems for monitoring their dynamic behavior and as a nanostructure for localized microimpact protection.
Particle swarm optimization applied to designing LDPC codes for wireless communications

A particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is applied to finding the optimum degree distributions of check and bit nodes of an irregular low-density parity-check (LDPC) code. This population based optimization method can efficiently reduce the number of evaluations of the computation demanding fitness function. We also show how to find the thresholds under message-passing (MP) algorithm. (5 pages)
Postembedding immunocytochemistry demonstrates directly that both retinal and cortical terminals in the cat superior colliculus are glutamate immunoreactive

Although the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate is known to be present in the cat superior colliculus (SC), the types of synapses that contain glutamate have not been examined. We, therefore, studied the ultrastructure of synaptic profiles labeled by a glutamate antibody by using electron microscopic postembedding immunocytochemistry. In addition, unilateral aspiration lesions of areas 17–18 were made at 5–28 days before death in order to determine whether degenerating terminals from visual cortex were glutamate immunoreactive (Glu‐ir). Three types of axon terminal were glu‐ir: 1) those containing large, round synaptic vesicles and pale mitochondria, characteristic of retinal terminals (RT profiles); 2) those containing small, round synaptic vesicles and dark mitochondria (RSD profiles); and 3) those containing large, round synaptic vesicles and dark mitochondria (RLD profiles). Measures of mean gold particle density revealed that RT, RSD, and RLD profiles had similar average grain densities (11.3–12.7 particles/unit area). Other labeled profile types included cell bodies, large‐calibre dendrites, and myelinated axons. Axon terminals containing flattened synaptic vesicles and vesicle‐containing presynaptic dendrites, both of which contain γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), had many fewer gold particles (3.6 and 4.8 mean particles/unit area, respectively). Following unilateral removal of visual cortex, normal RSD terminals were observed infrequently in the SC ipsilateral to the lesion. Synaptic terminals in the initial stages of degeneration were heavily labeled by the glutamate antibody, as were axon terminals and myelinated axons undergoing hypertrophied or neurofilamentous degeneration. These results show that both major sensory afferents to the superficial layers of cat SC contain glutamate—RT terminals from the retina and RSD terminals from visual cortex. The origin of RLD terminals is unknown. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Participation of the eyes in the photosexual response of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

It seems obvious that the eye would be the primary photoreceptor in animals. In mammals this is in fact the case, and it is generally accepted that light influences the reproductive system via a neuroendocrine reflex (often called the photosexual reflex) involving the eyes, hypothalamus, pituitary, and gonads. If any one of these links is interrupted, the effects of light are absent. However, in birds it has been generally reported that photoreceptors other than the eye exist, and the avian eye may in fact have little if any role in photoperiodic functions other than vision (Oishi et al., 1966; Menaker and Keatts, 1968; Harrison and Becker, 1969; Menaker et al., 1970; Underwood and Menaker, 1970; McMillan et al., 1975). However, Benoit (1964), Siopes and
Tweet Sentiment Analysis with Latent Dirichlet Allocation

The method proposed here analyzes the social sentiments from collected tweets that have at least 1 of 800 sentimental or emotional adjectives. By dealing with tweets posted in a half a day as an input document, the method uses Latent Dirichlet Allocation LDA to extract social sentiments, some of which coincide with our daily sentiments. The extracted sentiments, however, indicate lowered sensitivity to changes in time, which suggests that they are not suitable for predicting daily social or economic events. Using LDA for the representative 72 adjectives to which each of the 800 adjectives maps while preserving word frequencies permits us to obtain social sentiments that show improved sensitivity to changes in time. A regression model with autocorrelated errors in which the inputs are social sentiments obtained by analyzing the contracted adjectives predicts Dow Jones Industrial Average DJIA more precisely than autoregressive moving-average models.
The impact of tinnitus characteristics and associated variables on tinnitus-related handicap

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to determine the characteristics of tinnitus and tinnitus-related variables and explore their possible relationship with tinnitus-related handicap. Methods: Eighty-one patients with chronic tinnitus were included. The study protocol measured hearing status, tinnitus pitch, loudness, maskability and loudness discomfort levels. All patients filled in the Tinnitus Sample Case History Questionnaire, the Hyperacusis Questionnaire and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory. The relationship of each variable with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Five univariables were associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score: loudness discomfort level, subjective tinnitus loudness, tinnitus awareness, noise intolerance and Hyperacusis Questionnaire score. Multiple regression analysis showed that the Hyperacusis Questionnaire score and tinnitus awareness were independently associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score. Conclusion: Hyperacusis and tinnitus awareness were independently associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score. Questionnaires on tinnitus and hyperacusis are especially suited to providing additional insight into tinnitus-related handicap and are therefore useful for evaluating tinnitus patients.
Application of a new spread spectrum method based on M-sequence in airborne data-link

The M-sequence has property of good self-correlative, it has pseudo random property and it is easy to be generated and copied. It mainly be applied to spread spectrum and encryption. Traditional information synchronize way based m-sequence realize information synchronize of transmitter and receiver by periodicity of spread spectrum code. When transmitter sending information in every rate, there will be synchronization sequence made by M-sequence added in the part of information after these information are split. Receiver get the useful information when it detect the synchronization sequence made by m-sequence. There are some spurious triggering appear in information synchronization of various rate or information synchronization of front and back. A novel system of airborne data link based on the spread spectrum and information synchronize is designed in this paper. Analyzed the basic principle, structure and property of M-sequence, realizes m-sequence with the methods of MATLAB programming. Design and application of m-sequence is applied in this airborne data link system. The characteristic of the new method of spread spectrum is generating and filtering m-sequence by the generator of M-sequence, then split it to 6 to 8 section of synchronization sequence used in series. The spurious triggering of information synchronization of front and back will be reduced substantially due to the different synchronization sequence. Besides, the spurious triggering of various rate will be reduced substantially too, because of the use of sectionalized information synchronization in series. This method of spread spectrum is also promoting the system capacity, the capacity of resisting disturbance and the capacity of confidentiality.
Prolonged Focal Cerebral Edema Associated with Partial Status Epilepticus

Summary: Following several days of partial status epilepticus, three patients developed striking focal cerebral edema as demonstrated by computed axial tomography (CT) scan. An angiogram done in one patient showed a capillary blush and early cortical draining veins in the corresponding area. All patients developed severe focal neurological deficit which resolved as the edema improved, and this was demonstrated on serial CT scans (at 6 months, 1 month, and 2 months, respectively). In the first patient, an underlying tumor, and in the second and third, vascular occlusions, were suspected because we were not aware that edema due to status epilepticus could produce changes of such intensity and duration. The neurological disability after the partial status was long‐lasting but reversed completely in our patients. Maximal radiological changes occurred in the area of maximal epileptic discharge. Minimal atrophic changes persisted in two of the three patients. The clinical, CT scan, and angiographic findings suggest that partial status epilepticus can be associated with abnormal vascular permeability leading to prolonged focal cerebral edema. Similar pathophysiology of lesser intensity may be responsible for shorter postictal neurological deficits. Awareness of this clinical and radiological entity should avoid misdiagnosis of cerebral tumor or infarction.
Phentolamine blocks ATP sensitive potassium channels in cardiac ventricular cells.

OBJECTIVE The alpha adrenoceptor antagonist phentolamine prevents ischaemia related arrhythmias in rat, guinea pig, and cat heart. This effect has been related to the attenuation of ischaemia induced shortening of the action potential and has been ascribed to its alpha adrenoceptor antagonist properties. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of phentolamine on the ATP sensitive potassium channel (KATP), because this channel seems to be involved in action potential shortening during ischaemia. METHODS Single channel experiments were performed on inside-out and outside-out patches of isolated rabbit ventricular cells at room temperature. Cells were isolated with conventional isolation techniques. Pipette and bath solution contained (in mmol.litre-1): K-gluconate 140, KCl 10, and HEPES-KOH 10 (pH 7.4). RESULTS Excision of the patch always resulted in KATP channel activity [single channel conductance 60(SD 2.8) pS n = 4], which could be completely blocked by 5 mM ATP. In 22 of 26 patches the addition of 5 microM phentolamine to the intracellular side of the membrane reduced KATP channel activity. In 17 of these patches the effect was reversible. In four patches no effect was observed. Open probability decreased by 94% (n = 12). Addition of 50 microM phentolamine resulted in the disappearance of channel activity in six of eight patches which was reversible in four patches. In outside-out patches 5 microM phentolamine was only effective in 50% of the patches, reducing open probability by 98 to 100%. CONCLUSIONS Phentolamine blocks ATP sensitive potassium channels in rabbit ventricular cells independently of the alpha adrenoceptor. This blocking effect probably occurs at the intracellular side of the membrane. The antiarrhythmic effect of phentolamine may at least partially be explained by blockade of KATP channels and may thus partly be independent of its effects on the alpha adrenoceptor.
A video texture synthesis method based on wavelet transform

Video texture can be seen as a new type of media between an image and a normal video. It can provide a continuous, infinitely varying stream of video images. This paper presents a wavelet-based synthesis algorithm that can synthesize new video textures. New frames are constructed based on wavelet coefficients derived from the decomposition of a set of pixel values of neighboring frames. Accordingly, new video textures are obtained by appending synthesized frames. We apply pixel-based and block-based algorithms in this paper. The proposed algorithm requires small computation complexity while being able to produce reasonable results.
Non-Speculative Enhancements for a Pipelined Scheduling Logic

Pipelining the scheduling logic over two cycles degrades performance with respect to an unpipelined logic (about 11% in a 4-way machine). We present two non-speculative enhancements for a pipelined scheduling logic. Our results show that both enhancements perform, in average, slightly better than two previously proposed speculative schedulers. The performance of our proposals is within a 2.6% and 2% of an unpipelined scheduler.
Which terms should be used to describe autism? Perspectives from the UK autism community

Recent public discussions suggest that there is much disagreement about the way autism is and should be described. This study sought to elicit the views and preferences of UK autism community members – autistic people, parents and their broader support network – about the terms they use to describe autism. In all, 3470 UK residents responded to an online survey on their preferred ways of describing autism and their rationale for such preferences. The results clearly show that people use many terms to describe autism. The most highly endorsed terms were ‘autism’ and ‘on the autism spectrum’, and to a lesser extent, ‘autism spectrum disorder’, for which there was consensus across community groups. The groups disagreed, however, on the use of several terms. The term ‘autistic’ was endorsed by a large percentage of autistic adults, family members/friends and parents but by considerably fewer professionals; ‘person with autism’ was endorsed by almost half of professionals but by fewer autistic adults and parents. Qualitative analysis of an open-ended question revealed the reasons underlying respondents’ preferences. These findings demonstrate that there is no single way of describing autism that is universally accepted and preferred by the UK’s autism community and that some disagreements appear deeply entrenched.
Experimental Investigation of MIMO Performance Using Passive Repeater in Multipath Environment

A passive repeater (PR), comprising a four-element folded-patch antenna (FPA) array, a planar Yagi-Uda antenna, and a power combiner, was fabricated to experimentally investigate the multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) performance in multipath environment. It was found that the PR could realize polarization transition and broad-angle scattering. The received power and the MIMO channel capacity, which reflect MIMO performance, were discussed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the four-unit PR in improving the propagation channel in MIMO communications. It was found that the medians of the received power of Rx1 and Rx2 were improved by about 17 dB as compared to those without the PR. Also, when the received noise level was supposed to be -120 dBm/Hz, the median of the MIMO channel capacity with the PR was increased by 6.4 bps/Hz as compared to that without the PR.