Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Centralised and Distributed Voltage Control: Impact on Distributed Generation Penetration

With the rapid increase in distributed generation (DG), the issue of voltage regulation in the distribution network becomes more significant and centralized voltage control (or active network management) is one of the proposed methods. Alternative work on intelligent distributed voltage and reactive power control of DG has also demonstrated benefits in terms of the minimization of voltage variation and violations as well as the ability to connect larger generators to the distribution network. This paper uses optimal power flow to compare the two methods and shows that intelligent distributed voltage and reactive power control of the DG gives similar results to those obtained by centralized management in terms of the potential for connecting increased capacities within existing networks.
Melanoma growth is reduced in fat-1 transgenic mice: Impact of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids

An important nutritional question as to whether the ratio of omega-6 (n-6) to omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids plays a role in tumorigenesis remains to be clarified in well qualified experimental models. The recently engineered fat-1 mice, which can convert n-6 to n-3 fatty acids and have a balanced ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids in their tissues and organs independent of diet, allow carefully controlled studies to be performed in the absence of potential confounding factors of diet and therefore are a useful model for elucidating the role of n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio in tumorigenesis. We implanted mouse melanoma B16 cells into transgenic and WT littermates and examined the incidence of tumor formation and tumor growth rate. The results showed a dramatic reduction of melanoma formation and growth in fat-1 transgenic mice. The level of n-3 fatty acids and their metabolite prostaglandin E3 (PGE3) were much higher (but the n-6/n-3 ratio is much lower) in the tumor and surrounding tissues of fat-1 mice than that of WT animals. The phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on the chromosome 10 (PTEN) gene was significantly up-regulated in the fat-1 mice. In vitro experiments showed that addition of the n-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid or PGE3 inhibited the growth of B16 cell line and increased the expression of PTEN, which could be partially attenuated by inhibition of PGE3 production, suggesting that PGE3 may act as an antitumor mediator. These data demonstrate an anticancer (antimelanoma) effect of n-3 fatty acids through, at least in part, activation of PTEN pathway mediated by PGE3.
An Option Pricing Model with Liquidity Adjustment of Underlying Asset

An important assumption of the Black and Scholes option pricing model in 1973 is that underlying stock market liquidity has full liquidity. However, if the liquidity is not sufficient, the behavior of the investors, replicating an option by self financing portfolio, will cause the underlying stock price changes and therefore result in the systematic bias between BS option price and real option price. According to the no arbitrage equilibrium principle, this paper added liquidity premium created by option replication to the geometric Brownian motion of underlying assets, then deduced the liquidity-adjusted generalized option pricing differential equation, and we proved that the equation has a unique analytical solution. Since an explicit analytical solution cannot derived from the liquidity-adjusted generalized option pricing differential equation, the finite difference method is used to solve the numerical solution of the model, and we proved that the numerical solution is stable. Through empirical research on Shanghai 50ETF options market, we find that the numerical solution is more close to the real option price than the BS model.
Isolation and characterization of a gene involved in hemagglutination by an avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strain

In this article, we report the isolation and characterization of a gene that may be important in the adherence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli to the avian respiratory tract. The E. coli strain HB101, which is unable to agglutinate chicken erythrocytes, was transduced with cosmid libraries from the avian pathogenic E. coli strain chi 7122. Enrichment of transductants that could agglutinate chicken erythrocytes yielded 19 colonies. These isolates contained cosmids that encompassed four nonoverlapping regions of the E. coli chromosome. Only one group of cosmids, represented by pYA3104, would cause E. coli CC118 to agglutinate chicken erythrocytes. A 10-kb fragment of this cosmid was subcloned in pACYC184. Transposon mutagenesis of this fragment with Tn5seq1 indicated that a contiguous 4.4-kb region of cloned DNA was required for hemagglutination. In vitro transcription/translation assays indicated that this 4.4-kb region of DNA encoded one protein of approximately 140 kDa. The nucleotide sequence of this region was determined and found to encode one open reading frame of 4,134 nucleotides that would encode a protein of 1,377 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 148,226. This gene confers on E. coli K-12 a temperature-sensitive hemagglutination phenotype that is best expressed when cells are grown at 26 degrees C, and we have designated this gene tsh and the deduced gene product Tsh. Insertional mutagenesis of the chromosomal tsh gene in chi 7122 had no effect on hemagglutination titers. The deduced protein was found to contain significant homology to the Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae immunoglobulin A1 proteases. These data indicate that (i) a single gene isolated from the avian pathogenic E. coli strain chi 7122 will confer on E. coli K-12 a hemagglutination-positive phenotype, (ii) chi 7122 contains at least two distinct mechanisms to allow hemagglutination to occur, and (iii) the hemagglutinin Tsh has homology with a class of proteins previously not known to exist in E. coli.
Treatment programmes for people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse.

BACKGROUND Substance misuse in the context of severe mental illness can have detrimental effects. A variety of treatments exist, but the drive has been to provide programmes integrating treatment of both substance misuse and severe mental illness. Such programmes require additional resources and may require radical redesign of service delivery systems. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment programmes within psychiatric care for people with problems of both substance misuse and serious mental illness. SEARCH STRATEGY Biological Abstracts (1985-1998), CINAHL (1982-1998), The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 1998), The Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Register of trials (August 1998), EMBASE (1980-1998), MEDLINE (1966-1998), PsycLIT (1974-1998) and Sociofile (1974-1998) were comprehensively searched. Citations of all trials were searched and further studies sought from published trials and their authors. SELECTION CRITERIA All randomised trials of any programme of substance misuse treatment for people with serious mental illness and current problems of substance misuse. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Citations and, where possible, abstracts were independently inspected by reviewers, papers ordered, re-inspected and quality assessed. Data were also independently extracted. For homogeneous dichotomous data the Peto odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated on an intention-to-treat basis. MAIN RESULTS Six relevant studies, four of which were small, were identified. In general, the quality of design and reporting was not high. Clinically important outcomes such as relapse of severe mental illness, violence to others, patient or carer satisfaction, social functioning and employment were not reported. There is no clear evidence supporting an advantage of any type of substance misuse programme for those with serious mental illness over the value of standard care. No one programme is clearly superior to another. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS The problems posed by substance misuse in the context of severe mental illness will not go away. The current momentum for integrated programmes is not based on good evidence. Implementation of new specialist substance misuse services for those with serious mental illnesses should be within the context of simple, well designed controlled clinical trials.
Can you see the wood for the trees? Making sense of forest plots in systematic reviews 2. Analysis of the combined results from the included studies

Forest plots are graphs whose primary purpose is to present the results obtained in several individual studies in a systematic review. In the first article in this series, we explained how this was doneinrelationtothe“skeleton”and“body”ofeachforest plot. Forest plots also present the findings of any metaanalysis (statistical combination) for the results of the includedstudies.Inthisarticleweexplainhowthe“bells& whistles” and high-level detail available on a forest plot portray among other things the overall summary estimate of effect, its 95 percent confidence intervals (95% CIs) and the amount of variation between the included studies (heterogeneity). We continue to use the results of a recent Cochrane review on the effects of recombinant factorVIIa (rFVIIa) on the number of thromboembolic events as our example. 1 In the first article, we noted that the pattern of results for the effects of rFVIIa on thromboembolic events, based on the direction of effect alone, suggested slightly more studies with an excess of thromboembolic events in the rFVIIa arms. There were three studies with results on or very close to the line of no difference; two studies to the left of the line, indicating fewer thromboembolic events in the rFVIIa arms of those two studies, six studies to the right of the line indicating more thromboembolic events in the rFVIIa arms of these studies, and two studies where no thromboembolic events were identified. This “vote-counting” approach assumes that all studies have equal importance. This is rarely appropriate, however, most often because the studies vary in size.Thus when the results of included studies in a systematic review are statistically combined or meta-analyzed the result is not just a simple average, but a weighted average of the results of all the separate studies. More emphasis is given to large studies with frequent outcomes, which are also studies with low “variance. ” The single number that results from the metaanalytic process is the overall summary statistic, in the example the summary relative risk of thromboembolic events.Thisispresentedasadiamondatthebottomofthe forest plot. The center of the diamond indicates the point estimate for the overall summary statistic and the ends of the diamond the lower and upper 95 percent CI. The relative risk is 1.28, indicating a greater number of thromboembolic events for rFVIIa overall, confirming the pattern of blobs described earlier. The true overall value, however, could plausibly lie between 0.84 (a reduction in thromboembolic events with rFVIIa) to 1.95 (a near doubling of thromboembolic events). The 95 percent CI for the summary diamond is much narrower than for the individual randomized controlled trials; however, the diamondstillintersectswiththelineofnodifference,indicating that although the meta-analysis of the results of the studies has reduced uncertainty, the possibility that there is no difference between rFVIIa and control has not been excluded.
Subunit Exchange of Small Heat Shock Proteins

αA-Crystallin, a member of the small heat shock protein (sHsp) family, is a large multimeric protein composed of 30–40 identical subunits. Its quaternary structure is highly dynamic, with subunits capable of freely and rapidly exchanging between oligomers. We report here the development of a fluorescence resonance energy transfer method for measuring structural compatibility between αA-crystallin and other proteins. We found that Hsp27 and αB-crystallin readily exchanged with fluorescence-labeled αA-crystallin, but not with other proteins structurally unrelated to sHsps. Truncation of 19 residues from the N terminus or 10 residues from the C terminus of αA-crystallin did not significantly change its subunit organization or exchange rate constant. In contrast, removal of the first 56 or more residues converts αA-crystallin into a predominantly small multimeric form consisting of three or four subunits, with a concomitant loss of exchange activity. These findings suggest residues 20–56 are essential for the formation of large oligomers and the exchange of subunits. Similar results were obtained with truncated Hsp27 lacking the first 87 residues. We further showed that the exchange rate is independent of αA-crystallin concentration, suggesting subunit dissociation may be the rate-limiting step in the exchange reaction. Our findings reveal a quarternary structure of αA-crystallin, consisting of small multimers of αA-crystallin subunits in a dynamic equilibrium with the oligomeric complex.
Clinical implications of chest x-ray parameters in evaluating patients with cardiac dyspnea.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between aortic arch calcification and clinical and radiographical parameters on chest radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 242 consecutive patients that were admitted to our intensive care unit for dyspnea. Chest radiography was performed for all patients with the posteroanterior view. Cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), mediastinal ratio (MR), aortic width (AW) parameters and the grade of aortic calcification were recorded. Patients with grade 1, 2 or 3 were defined as the calcification-positive (+) group and patients having no calcification (grade 0) were defined as the calcification-negative (-) group. Statistical analyses were performed on both groups. RESULTS The study population consisted of 124 (51.2%) female and 118 (48.8%) male patients. The mean age was 67 ± 12 (range: 25-101) years. There was no significant relationship between aortic arch calcification and gender, presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, lipid levels, AW and MR, but age was correlated positively with aortic arch calcification with high statistical significance (p<0.0001). In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), the prevalence of aortic arch calcification tended to be higher but was not statistically significant (p=0.07). The grade of calcification was not found to be correlated with gender, comorbidity, lipid levels, MR or CTR. However, as the grade of calcification increased, the mean age of patients in consecutive calcification grade groups tended to increase significantly. CTR, MR and AW increased with age. However, on regression analysis, only age was found to be an independent factor for aortic knob calcification (β=0.397, t=6.375, p<0.0001). CONCLUSION Simple, useful radiographical parameters such as AW, CTR, MR and calcification grade can help to predict the etiology of dyspnea and cardiovascular disease.
The Interests of White‐Collar Workers and Their Representation in the German Manufacturing Sector: New Initiatives, Opportunity Structures, Framing and Resources

In the German manufacturing sector, white‐collar workers have outpaced blue‐collar workers in numbers. Therefore, unions and works councils have launched initiatives to attract, mobilise and organise white‐collar workers. The analysis is drawing on a conceptual framework that looks at the opportunity structures, framing processes and resources of the initiatives.
Protein-protein interaction map inference using interacting domain profile pairs

UNLABELLED A number of predictive methods have been designed to predict protein interaction from sequence or expression data. On the experimental front, however, high-throughput proteomics technologies are starting to yield large volumes of protein-protein interaction data. High-quality experimental protein interaction maps constitute the natural dataset upon which to build interaction predictions. Thus the motivation to develop the first interaction-based protein interaction map prediction algorithm. A technique to predict protein-protein interaction maps across organisms is introduced, the 'interaction-domain pair profile' method. The method uses a high-quality protein interaction map with interaction domain information as input to predict an interaction map in another organism. It combines sequence similarity searches with clustering based on interaction patterns and interaction domain information. We apply this approach to the prediction of an interaction map of Escherichia coli from the recently published interaction map of the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. Results are compared with predictions of a second inference method based only on full-length protein sequence similarity - the "naive" method. The domain-based method is shown to i) eliminate a significant amount of false-positives of the naive method that are the consequences of multi-domain proteins; ii) increase the sensitivity compared to the naive method by identifying new potential interactions. AVAILABILITY Contact the authors.
The Change Strategy towards an Integrated Health Information Infrastructure: Lessons from Sierra Leone

In this article we describe and reflect on an ongoing project to develop an integrated health information system (HIS) in Sierra Leone. We emphasise the complexity of such an effort and on challenges faced with building a health information infrastructure in the context of a developing country. The main lesson of the paper is in the design of a change strategy towards an integrated HIS in Sierra Leone influenced by information infrastructure literature. The key elements of the strategy are 1) to facilitate a gradual change process building on the existing systems and practices (the installed base), 2) to bootstrap political will through quick wins and pilot projects, and 3) a flexible standardisation approach to integration to smoothen the change experience for users and stakeholders, and minimise resistance.
Small Aggregates, Big Manipulation: Vote Buying Enforcement and Collective Monitoring

Vote buying is widespread in developing democracies despite the secret ballot. What explains its resilience? I argue that brokers condition future payments on published electoral results to enforce these transactions and that this is effective at inducing voters' compliance only when the results of small voting groups are available. Using monitors' and citizens' reports of electoral manipulation and survey data from Colombia, I find a robust negative correlation between the average polling station size and various measures of vote buying. Evidence from a variety of identification strategies suggests that this relationship can be attributed to aggregate monitoring sustaining these transactions and not to the brokers' increased ability to identify compliers or other characteristics of places where polling stations are small. Replication Materials The data, code, and any additional materials required to replicate all analyses in this article are available on the American Journal of Political Science Dataverse within the Harvard Dataverse Network, at: http://dx.doi. org/10.7910/DVN/K6ZOOW.
The structure and organization of the human carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase (CACT1) gene2.

The carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase (CACT) transports acylcarnitines into mitochondria in exchange for free carnitine and it is, therefore, essential for the fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway. We have determined the exon-intron structure of the human CACT gene, which is responsible for a genetic disorder of fatty acid oxidation called CACT deficiency. The gene spans about 16.5 kb and consists of nine exons with the translation start site in exon 1. All the splice acceptor and donor sites conform to the AG/GT rules. All the introns except one are located at the level of the sequences coding for the extramembranous loops of CACT. We have designed a series of intronic oligonucleotide primers for amplifying each of the CACT exons together with their flanking intronic sequences, in segments well suited to detect mutations that would affect splicing of mRNA as well as the coding sequence itself.
Recent progress in minimally invasive conduit harvesting.

Wound-related morbidity frequently encountered after open-incision harvesting of vessel conduits for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is invariably recognized as an obstacle impeding the patient's path towards complete postoperative recovery. The endoscopic approach provides surgical access to the intended conduit vessel while affording an appreciably lower incidence of traumatic injury to the surrounding tissues. For this reason, the minimally invasive endoscopic dissection of vessel conduits is steadily gaining acceptance as a preferable alternative to the standard open-incision technique. Endoscopic systems, originally developed for general surgical procedures in the early 1990s, and readily adapted to saphenous vein harvesting by mid-decade, are now also being applied to minimally invasive radial artery harvesting. The growth of this surgical modality has paralleled the rapid development of remote access minimally invasive endoscopic devices and technologies and therefore remains an evolving body of knowledge. As experience and refinements in instrumentation progress, the endoscopic approach will undoubtedly become the procedure of choice for harvesting vessel conduits. This article provides a practical primer, based on the benefit of our serial experience with endoscopic vein and radial artery dissections, for those considering the minimally invasive endoscopic approach in harvesting vessels for CABG.
A Correction to the Research Article Titled: “Impaired Sphingolipid Synthesis in the Respiratory Tract Induces Airway Hyperreactivity” by T. S. Worgall, A. Veerappan, B. Sung, B. I. Kim, E. Weiner, R. Bholah, R. B. Silver, X.-C. Jiang, S. Worgall

www.ScienceTranslationalMedicine. org 3 July 2013 Vol 5 Issue 192 192er7 1 ORMDL3 was incorrectly described as an abbreviation for “orosomucoid-like3. ” This has been replaced with “ORM (yeast)-Like protein isoform 3” in both the abstract and page 1 in the introduction. In addition, the following reference has been added as reference 16. The subsequent references have been renumbered accordingly. F. M. Roelants, D. K. Breslow, A. Muir, J. S. Weissman, J. Thorner, Protein kinase Ypk1 phosphorylates regulatory proteins Orm1 and Orm2 to control sphingolipid homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108, 19222–19227 (2011). The corrected online version of the full text is at http://stm.sciencemag. org/content/5/186/186ra67.full and the corrected PDF version of the article is at http://stm.sciencemag. org/content/5/186/186ra67.full. pdf.
Characterization of Antarctic psychrotrophic bacteria with antibacterial activities against terrestrial microorganisms

Five‐hundreds and eighty bacterial strains, isolated from various Antarctic marine sources and locations, were screened for antimicrobial activity against terrestrial microorganisms. Twenty‐two Antarctic isolates (3.8%), mainly retrieved from the water column at Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea), expressed antagonistic activity against one to three indicator organisms. Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis resulted as the more susceptible, followed by Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis. None of the isolates inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica and the eukaryotic fungus Candida albicans.
The challenge of simultaneously improving social and financial performances: New research results

Neither management leaders nor academic researchers have developed adequate responses or explanations to the general lack of success in implementations of sustainability strategies. Consistent with the theme of this conference, we have examined innovative concepts and practices of leading companies that have successfully implemented sustainability. In sustainability, as in other areas of performance measurement and management control, new paradigms and practices and more research may be needed to improve organizational performance.