Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sparing the pronator quadratus for volar plating of distal radius fractures: a comparative study of two methods

Objectives The objective of this study was to compare the results of two methods for sparing the pronator quadratus in volar plating of distal radius fractures. Methods A total of 110 patients were randomized to volar plating with sparing of the pronator quadratus either by a transverse incision along the distal border of the pronator quadratus (Group A, 55 people) or by the brachioradialis splitting method (Group B, 55 people). The operative and radiation time, range of motion, grip strength, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, and complications were recorded. Results There were no significant differences in the mean operative time, radiation time, mean bone union time, or total complication rate between the groups. We found no significant differences in range of motion, grip strength, VAS scores, and DASH scores at any of the study intervals between the groups. Although neurapraxia of the superficial branch of the radial nerve was more common in Group B than in Group A (6.7% vs. 0%), the difference was not significant. Conclusions Both methods were efficient approaches for sparing the pronator quadratus and had similar clinical outcomes, but they had different indications.
Evaluating the impact of setting delineators in tunnels based on drivers’ visual characteristics

Poor visual conditions in tunnels can easily cause traffic accidents, and it is difficult for emergency services to reach these areas. As an economical and effective visual guiding device, delineators have attracted wide attention. Based on the actual alignment of the Qinling Mountain No.1, No.2 and No.3 tunnels of the G5 Expressway in Xi’an City (Shaanxi Province, China), this paper designs a simulation experiment. Through a simulator study and a questionnaire survey, this paper discusses how delineators affect drivers’ visual characteristics (including fixation area and pupil size) in different settings and with different road alignments. Twenty-five subjects participated in this research. The results show that setting delineators in tunnels can continuously guide drivers’ vision and attract their attention to focus on the pavement. Compared with setting only pavement delineators, setting wall delineators and pavement delineators together can provide better guiding effects and ensure driving safety in both straight and curved sections. In addition, when driving in tunnels equipped with delineators, especially tunnels with both wall delineators and pavement delineators, the participants exhibited a smaller pupil diameter and lower pupil diameter change rate. In terms of the relationship between pupil size and road alignment, the results indicated that regardless of what type of delineator was used, the drivers exhibited the smallest pupil size and lowest pupil change rate when driving on the straight section compared with the curved sections.
Diatom Molecular Research Comes of Age: Model Species for Studying Phytoplankton Biology and Diversity[OPEN]

Diatoms, the world’s most diverse group of algae, are emerging as important model systems for studying eukaryotic phytoplankton biology and evolution. Diatoms are the world’s most diverse group of algae, comprising at least 100,000 species. Contributing ∼20% of annual global carbon fixation, they underpin major aquatic food webs and drive global biogeochemical cycles. Over the past two decades, Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum have become the most important model systems for diatom molecular research, ranging from cell biology to ecophysiology, due to their rapid growth rates, small genomes, and the cumulative wealth of associated genetic resources. To explore the evolutionary divergence of diatoms, additional model species are emerging, such as Fragilariopsis cylindrus and Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata. Here, we describe how functional genomics and reverse genetics have contributed to our understanding of this important class of microalgae in the context of evolution, cell biology, and metabolic adaptations. Our review will also highlight promising areas of investigation into the diversity of these photosynthetic organisms, including the discovery of new molecular pathways governing the life of secondary plastid-bearing organisms in aquatic environments.
DsrL Mediates Electron Transfer between NADH and rDsrAB in Allochromatium vinosum.

Dissimilatory sulfite reductase DsrAB occurs in sulfate/sulfite-reducing prokaryotes, in sulfur disproportionators and also in sulfur oxidizers, where it functions in reverse. Predictions of physiological traits in metagenomic studies relying on the presence of dsrAB, other dsr genes or combinations thereof suffer from the lack of information on crucial Dsr proteins. The iron-sulfur flavoprotein DsrL is an example of this group. It has a documented essential function during sulfur oxidation and was recently also found in some metagenomes of probable sulfate and sulfite reducers. Here, we show that DsrL and reverse acting rDsrAB can form a complex and are co-purified from the phototrophic sulfur oxidizer Allochromatium vinosum. Recombinant DsrL exhibits NAD(P)H:acceptor oxidoreductase activity with a strong preference for NADH over NADPH. In vitro, the rDsrABL complex effectively catalyzes NADH-dependent sulfite reduction, which is strongly enhanced by the sulfur-binding protein DsrC. Our work reveals NAD+ as suitable in vivo electron acceptor for sulfur oxidation in organisms operating the rDsr pathway, and points to reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides as electron donors for sulfite reduction in sulfate/sulfite-reducing prokaryotes that contain DsrL. In addition, dsrL cannot be used as a marker distinguishing sulfate/sulfite reducers and sulfur oxidizers in metagenomic studies without further analysis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Acute cervical myelopathy with quadriparesis after cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injection

Abstract Rationale: Cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI), can be an effective tool to improve pain associated with cervical radiculopathy. However, complications related to the procedure have been reported. Patient concerns: A 50-year-old woman who experienced acute cervical myelopathy with quadriparesis after cervical TFESI under fluoroscopic guidance. Diagnoses: The initial post-procedure cervical MRI revealed acute cervical myelopathy Interventions: She received 1000 mg of methylprednisolone was injected intravenously daily for 3 days Outcomes: Improvement in pain, with the only remaining complaints consisting of lingering mild pain in the left hand and occasional hypoesthesia Lessons: Cervical TFESI, despite careful fluoroscopic localization, resulted in spinal cord injury. A spinal cord injury may be treated with conservative treatments, such as medication and rehabilitation.
Muscle memory: Are myonuclei ever lost?

X Einar Eftestøl, Niklas Psilander, Kristoffer Toldnes Cumming, Inga Juvkam, Maria Ekblom, Kerstin Sunding, Mathias Wernbom, Hans-Christer Holmberg, Björn Ekblom, Jo C. Bruusgaard, X Truls Raastad, and Kristian Gundersen Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Sport Performance and Training, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Stockholm Sport Trauma Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden; and Department of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
A construction strategy for a baculovirus‐silkworm multigene expression system and its application for coexpression of type I and type II interferons

The Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) baculovirus expression system (BES) is a eukaryotic expression system. It possesses great capability for post‐translation modification in expression of foreign proteins. With the counterselection cassette rpsL‐neo and phage λ‐Red recombinase, the defective‐rescue BmNPV BES reBmBac can be employed for efficient heterologous multigene coexpression at different gene sites in one baculovirus genome. In the present study, a recombinant baculovirus, reBm‐Cαγ, carrying two types of chicken interferon (IFN) genes (chIFN‐α and chIFN‐γ) was constructed using the reBmBac system. The chIFN‐α and chIFN‐γ genes were inserted into the same baculovirus genome at the polyhedron and p10 gene sites, respectively. The recombinant baculovirus was capable of coexpressing both chIFN‐α and chIFN‐γ. The expression levels of the two types of IFN in the coexpression product were exponentially high, at approximately 1.7 and 2.5 times higher, respectively, than those in the corresponding single‐expression products. The increase in expression level corresponds to replacement of the nonessential p10 gene in the reBm‐Cαγ recombinant baculovirus. This coexpression of recombinant chicken IFNs showed superior antiviral activity.
Role of non-invasive markers in prediction of esophageal varices and variceal bleeding in patients of alcoholic liver cirrhosis from central India.

BACKGROUND/AIMS Alcohol is the leading cause of liver cirrhosis, which results in portal hypertension and subsequently, culminates into esophageal varices and esophgeal variceal bleeding. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is gold standard for diagnosis of varices. Non-invasive markers based on clinical, laboratory - ultrasonographic parameters can be utilised for prediction of risk of esophageal varices - variceal bleed in alcoholic cirrhosis from central India. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross sectional observational study. Child Turcot Pugh scores, MELD, AST ALT Ratio(AAR), AST Platelet Ratio Index(APRI), FIB-4 index and Platelet count-Spleen diameter(PC/SD) ratio were calculated for all patients and correlated with esophagogastroduodenoscopy findings. Short term follow up was done for variceal bleeding. RESULTS Total 202 male patients were included with mean age of 43.77±9.95 years. 188(93%) patients had esophageal varices. 61(30.19%) patients had variceal bleeding. On univariate analysis platelet count, APRI, spleen bipolar diameter, and PC/SD ratio were significantly associated with varices. For prediction of esophageal varices, only PC/SD ratio was significant and showed area under the curve of 65.6% at cut-off of <997. CTP score, FIB-4, APRI, and PC/SD ratio were significant for variceal bleeding. At cut-off <985 PC/SD ratio had sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 63% with AUC of 78% for prediction of variceal bleeding. Also, FIB-4 and APRI had diagnostic accuracy of 64% and 61% with AUC of 74% and 72% respectively for bleed. CONCLUSION FIB-4 and PC/SD may be useful among armamentarium of non-invasive markers for predicting esophageal varices and risk of variceal bleeding in alcoholic liver cirrhosis.
Optical diagnosis for diminutive colorectal polyps: time to implement?

optical diagnosis classification (BASIC) in conjunction with blue-light imaging (BLI) for optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps [1]. Using this methodology, the accuracy of optical diagnosis in distinguishing between adenomatous and hyperplastic colorectal polyps was 90.3% and superior to that when using white-light imaging. The study demonstrates that, when using modern endoscopic imaging technology, expert endoscopists are well able to differentiate between adenomatous and non-adenomatous polyps. The study also points out the importance of different imaging descriptors and how to combine these in order to improve the accuracy of optical diagnosis. The study is limited by the fact that a video library was used for optical diagnosis and clinical studies using BLI with BASIC will have to confirm the results. Ideally such studies should include endoscopists who are not dedicated experts in optical polyp diagnosis in order to better reflect the outcomes that can be expected in routine clinical practice. Previous studies have shown that the transfer of optical diagnosis into general practice can indeed decrease accuracy and lower the surveillance interval agreement compared with pathology to below the quality benchmark proposed by the ESGE and ASGE. In the past, this discrepancy between experts and non-experts using optical diagnosis has stood in the way of the widespread clinical implementation of optical polyp diagnosis.
Digital smile design for gummy smile correction

Some tools can be used as an aid to the surgical planning for gummy smile correction, such as digital smile design (DSD), which allows to determine patterns of harmony and eventual asymmetries between teeth and gums. This work aims to report a gummy smile correction using DSD as reverse planning. The clinical examination revealed the presence of gummy smile and extensive bone exostosis in the premolar region. DSD was performed in the upper arch, determining the amount of gingiva to be removed, thus providing more safety and precision to the procedure. The surgery was performed by performing using an internal bevel incisions, detachment of a full thickness flap, and osteotomy and osteoplasty. After 6 months of preservation, there was an increase in the clinical crown of the teeth, with smile harmony, less exposure of the gingiva in the smile and a high level of patient aesthetic satisfaction.
Societal costs and burden of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis polyneuropathy

Abstract Background: Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis polyneuropathy (ATTRv-PN) is a rare life-threatening disease that imposes considerable mortality and morbidity associated with increased costs, high social support and productivity losses. This study aims to estimate the societal costs and burden of ATTRv-PN. Methods: A cost-of-illness (COI) and burden of disease model were specified from a societal perspective, using a prevalence-based approach. Direct and indirect costs were included. Healthcare resource use was retrieved from public databases, previous Portuguese studies and the literature. The burden of disease was expressed in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), as defined by the World Health Organisation. Results: In 2016, the total annual COI of ATTRv-PN in Portugal was 52,502,796€ and the mean cost per patient was 28,152€ (79% direct; 21% indirect costs). Treatments accounted for 52% of total costs, while 0.18% were devoted to disease prevention. A total of 2056 DALYs were lost, 26% due to disability and 74% due to death. Conclusions: Annual costs and burden of ATTRv-PN were considerable but within the range of other rare diseases. Policies and public interventions to prevent and reduce the burden of disease should be prioritised, since patients experience excess morbidity, mortality and total costs will likely increase in the future.
Role of muscle coactivation in adaptation of standing posture during arm reaching.

The ability to maintain stable, upright standing in the face of perturbations is a critical component of daily life. A common strategy for resisting perturbations and maintaining stability is muscle coactivation. While arm muscle coactivation is often used during adaptation of seated reaching movements, little is known about postural muscle activation during concurrent adaptation of arm and standing posture to novel perturbations. Here we investigate whether coactivation strategies are employed during adaptation of standing postural control, and how these strategies are prioritized for adaptation of standing posture and arm reaching, in two different postural stability conditions. Healthy adults practiced planar reaching movements while grasping the handle of a robotic arm and standing on a forceplate; the robotic arm generated a velocity-dependent force field which created novel perturbations in the forward (more stable) or backward (less stable) direction. Surprisingly, the degree of arm and postural adaptation was not influenced by stability, with similar adaptation observed between conditions in the control of both arm movement and standing posture. We found that an early coactivation strategy can be used in postural adaptation, similar to what is observed in adaptation of arm reaching movements. However, the emergence of a coactivation strategy was dependent on perturbation direction. Despite similar adaptation in both directions, postural coactivation was largely specific to forward perturbations. Backward perturbations led to less coactivation and less modulation of postural muscle activity. These findings provide insight into how postural stability can affect prioritization of postural control objectives and movement adaptation strategies.
Follow you or follow me? Examining therapist responsiveness to client and responsiveness to self, using differential equations model and multilevel data disaggregation from an interpersonal theory framework.

This study examined the effects of therapist interpersonal responsiveness on client-rated working alliance in their first psychotherapy session using the ordinary differential equations (ODE) model and multilevel data disaggregation. Responsiveness was operationally defined in this study as therapists adjusting their subsequent level of control/affiliation based on their clients' and their own current level of control/affiliation. Every 2-min segment of 111 first psychotherapy sessions for 111 clients nested within 38 therapists was rated by 11 trained raters on therapist and client levels of control and affiliation. An ODE model produced dynamic coefficients capturing therapists' responsiveness to clients and to themselves in that session, which were then disaggregated into between-therapist and within-therapist components. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that for the control dimension, at the between-therapist level, therapist responsiveness to the client significantly predicted client-rated working alliance: Client-rated working alliance was (a) highest for therapists who generally increased their level of dominance/submission when their client was more dominant/submissive in the previous turn, and (b) lowest for therapists who generally increased their level of dominance/submission when their client was more submissive/dominant in the previous turn. None of the other associations were significant. Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Predictors of pre-rehabilitation exercise capacity in elderly European cardiac patients – The EU-CaRE study

Aims Functional capacity is an important endpoint for therapies oriented to older adults with cardiovascular diseases. The literature on predictors of exercise capacity is sparse in the elderly population. In a longitudinal European study on effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation of seven European countries in elderly (>65 years) coronary artery disease or valvular heart disease patients, predictors for baseline exercise capacity were determined, and reference ranges for elderly cardiac patients provided. Methods Mixed models were performed in 1282 patients (mean age 72.9 ± 5.4 years, 79% male) for peak oxygen consumption relative to weight (peak VO2; ml/kg per min) with centre as random factor and patient anthropometric, demographic, social, psychological and nutritional parameters, as well as disease aetiology, procedure, comorbidities and cardiovascular risk factors as fixed factors. Results The most important predictors for low peak VO2 were coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery, low resting forced expiratory volume, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, nephropathy and peripheral arterial disease. Each cumulative comorbidity or cardiovascular risk factors reduced exercise capacity by 1.7 ml/kg per min and 1.1 ml/kg per min, respectively. Males had a higher peak VO2 per body mass but not per lean mass. Haemoglobin was significantly linked to peak VO2 in both surgery and non-surgery patients. Conclusions Surgical procedures, cumulative comorbidities and cardiovascular risk factors were the factors with the strongest relation to reduced exercise capacity in the elderly. Expression of peak VO2 per lean mass rather than body mass allows a more appropriate comparison between sexes. Haemoglobin is strongly related to peak VO2 and should be considered in studies assessing exercise capacity, especially in studies on patients after cardiac surgery.
USE OF ENTEROSCOPE WITHOUT THE OVERTUBE IN INCOMPLETE COLONOSCOPIES

Abstract Objectives: Colonoscopy is the gold standard diagnostic method for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Despite the progress in the endoscopy technology field, a small percentage of colonoscopies is still incomplete. The reasons for that are mostly associated with anatomic features, such as fixed, angulated, long and loopy colon, intra-abdominal adherences and female gender. To overcome such difficulties, the usefulness of scopes different from conventional adult colonoscope (CF), such as paediatric colonoscope (PCF), gastroscope (GIF), single and double balloon enteroscope (SBE and DBE, respectively), has been shown in literature. Our retrospective study aims to evaluate the caecal intubation rate using a SBE without the overtube in patients who previously underwent an incomplete procedure with a different scope. Methods: Patients with a previous incomplete colonoscopy with CF, PCF or GIF were retrospectively enrolled through the analysis of a dedicated database. The enteroscope used was the Olympus Enteropro Single Balloon SiF-Q180 with no overtube. Complete colonoscopy was defined as successful caecal intubation. Results: SBE was used to scope 47 adult patients, mostly female, and it led to a complete procedure in 91% of them. The most frequent reason for an incomplete procedure even with the use of SBE was a fixed and angulated colon. Conclusions: Colonoscopy performed with SBE was safe and no adverse events during and/or after the procedure occurred. Our results suggest that SBE with no overtube is a useful and valid alternative to other type of scopes in difficult cases, especially those related to fixed/angulated colon and in female gender.
Identification of disordered metabolic networks in postpartum dairy cows with left displacement of the abomasum through integrated metabolomics and pathway analyses

High-producing dairy cows are easily affected by left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) within 4 weeks postpartum. Although LDA is highly associated with metabolic disturbances, the related information on comprehensive metabolic changes, with the exception of some blood biochemical parameters, remains limited. In this study, the changes in plasma metabolites and in the metabolic profile of postpartum dairy cows with LDA were investigated through liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q/TOF-MS)-based metabolomics, and the metabolic networks related to LDA were constructed through metabolomics pathway analysis (MetPA). An obvious change in the metabolic profile was reflected by significant variations in 68 plasma metabolites in postpartum dairy cows with LDA, and these variations consequently altered 13 metabolic pathways (histidine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, citrate cycle, butanoate metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism). This study shows that the more detailed information obtained by LC-Q/TOF-MS-based metabolomics and MetPA might contribute to a better understanding of the disordered metabolic networks in postpartum dairy cows with LDA.