Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probing the Anisotropic Distortion of Photoexcited Spin Crossover Complexes with Picosecond X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

For numerous spin crossover complexes, the anisotropic distortion of the first coordination shell around the transition metal center governs the dynamics of the high-spin/low-spin interconversion. However, this structural parameter remains elusive for samples that cannot be investigated with crystallography. The present work demonstrates how picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy is able to capture this specific deformation in the photoinduced high-spin state of solvated [Fe(terpy)2]2+, a complex which belongs to the prominent family of spin crossover building blocks with nonequivalent metal–ligand bonds. The correlated changes in Fe–NAxial, Fe–NDistal, and bite angle NDistal–Fe–NAxial extracted from the measurements are in very good agreement with those predicted by DFT calculations in D2d symmetry. The outlined methodology is generally applicable to the characterization of ultrafast nuclear rearrangements around metal centers in photoactive molecular complexes and nanomaterials, including those that d.
LIQUISOLID TECHNIQUE: A NOVEL APPROACH TO ENHANCE SOLUBILITY AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF BCS - II DRUGS

Liquisolid technique is new and promising method that can enhance the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drugs. At pres ent 56 % of the drugs coming directly from synthesis a re poorly water soluble drugs. The enhancement of oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs is one of the challengin g aspects of drug development. Liquisolid technique is based upon the dissolving the drug in a suitable non - volatile solvent and ad mixture of drug loaded solutions with appropriate carrier and coating materials to convert into acceptable flowing and compressible powders. By applying the mathem atical models the carrier and coating materials optimized. In this case the drug is almost so lubilised in the solvent or molecularly dispersed state which contributes the enhanced drug
Ks Number Counts in the Groth and Coppi Fields

We have used William Herschel Telescope/INGRID Ks images on two high-latitude fields, the Coppi and Groth strips, to obtain galaxy number counts over ~180 arcmin2, to a depth of Ks ~ 21.0. Detection efficiency corrections as a function of object size have been calculated on each pointing. We have used a signal-to-noise threshold in two complementary half-exposure images to remove spurious detections. Our data cover the range from Ks = 14.5 to Ks = 21.0, so they are useful for investigating a previously reported change in the number count slope (d log N/dm) at K ~ 17. We find a slope γb = 0.54-0.63 for K < 17.5 and a slope γf = 0.25-0.29 for K > 17.5. A total contribution from galaxies to the extragalactic background light (EBL) in the K band of νIν = 10.5 nW m-2 sr-1 has been calculated. This K-band EBL coming from galaxies accounts for only ~50% of the recent measurements of the diffuse EBL. Standard number count models fail to reproduce the observed slope change at K ~ 17.5 unless elliptical and spiral formation is pushed to z ≲ 2.
Does Message-Based Communication Through Mobile Phones for Medication and Treatment Adherence Improve Health Outcomes? A Systematic Review

Medical non-adherence has been a pervasive issue in healthcare for far too long and consequences of medical non-adherence are far reaching. With the proliferation of mobile technology globally, there have been concerted efforts to improve adherence using mHealth both in developed and developing countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate through previous studies whether mobile phone innovations improve health outcomes through adherence messages to patients and how many of the studies mention and actually consider the content going out to patients as contributing to positive or negative health outcome. A systematic review was conducted using four search engines: PubMed, Mendley, Advanced Google, and Google Scholar. The publications were randomized clinical trials, cross-sectional studies, and pre and post interventional studies. The publications reviewed were considered to be eligible if they were based on use of mobile technology or smart phone applications in improving health outcomes through sending adherence messages. Forty one potential articles were retrieved based on the first search criteria and review of abstracts. Full text was not obtainable for 11 articles due to fees to access the document and/or a registration requirement for the websites making the full text inaccessible. Nine articles were published before the year 2009, 7 were systematic reviews, 1 was an SMS based study but was used by community health workers and did not necessarily address adherence, 3 were protocols for a study to be done, 10 articles met all the inclusion criteria. Mobile health technology has been proven to contribute towards improving adherence to treatment, medication and appointments. However it is crucial to consider the content and its development processes just as much as the technology in use as this might elevate the health outcomes even higher.
The Role of GOT 1 in the Regulation of Cell Metabolism in Cancer Cells

The cancer form Pancreatic ductal adenocarsinoma is amongst the most lethal as of today. The cancer can be caused by a mutation on the Kristen rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the gene Glutamicoxaloacetic Transaminae 1 (GOT1) in the non-canonical metabolism in order to find new ways to inhibit cell growth and proliferation. A osteosarcoma cell line with a known mutation on the KRAS oncogene had the GOT1 knocked out. The expression of nine genes related to stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), oxidative stress response or the metabolism was examined by comparing the two cell lines. It was done by extracting RNA, using this to synthesize cDNA and performing a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. The results showed trends of increased expression in the genes CHOP, GADD and GSR. One gene, LDHB, showed a tendency to decreased expression. The results indicated increased stress in the ER as well as oxidative stress. This could be induced by disturbances in the metabolism caused by the knockout.
On the Welfare Costs of Misspecified Monetary Policy Objectives

This paper quantifies the effects on welfare of misspecified monetary policy objectives in a stylized DSGE model. We show that using inappropriate objectives generates relatively large welfare costs. When expressed in terms of ‘consumption equivalent’ units, these costs correspond to permanent decreases in steady-state consumption of up to two percent. The latter are generated by both the inappropriate choice of weights and the omission of variables. In particular, it is costly to assume an interest-rate smoothing incentive for central bankers when it is not socially optimal to do so. Finally, a parameter uncertainty decomposition indicates that uncertainty about the properties of markup shocks gives rise to the largest welfare costs.
The Nyquist frequency for irregularly spaced time-series: a calculation formula

Eyer & Bartholdi showed that the Nyquist frequency of irregularly sampled time-series can be very high. In this paper, a calculation formula for the Nyquist frequency is presented. In practice there is an upper limit of 0.5/Δ on this frequency, where A is the best accuracy with which time is recorded.
ESS versus Nash: solving evolutionary games

Question: Can a Nash solution concept be used for the analysis of evolutionary games? What are the advantages of ESS solutions over Nash solutions in evolutionary games? Mathematical methods: ESS and Nash equilibrium solution concepts and Darwinian dynamics for evolutionary games. Conclusions: An ESS contains the properties of Nash but not the other way around. The properties of evolutionary games make them fit poorly with the classical notion of a Nash solution. These properties include six key differences between the ESS and Nash concepts: (1) in the evolutionary game, players inherit rather than choose their strategies; (2) the focus of evolutionary games is on the strategies and not on the actual players who come and go via births and deaths; (3) the payoffs in the evolutionary game represent fitness, creating a dynamical link between payoffs and changes in the frequency of strategies; (4) in statedependent games, players in a classical game may possess forethought and anticipate the consequences of their actions, whereas in the evolutionary game organisms do not; (5) unlike classical games, the actual number of players in the game can expand and contract via changes in population sizes; and (6) evolutionary games have a particular kind of symmetry where collections of individuals may have different strategies, yet their strategies all arise from the same set of evolutionarily feasible strategies (pure or mixed) and each experiences the same fitness consequence of possessing a particular strategy. For these reasons, we argue that the use of Nash as a solution concept in evolutionary games will be misleading, and that the ESS deserves primacy over Nash as the solution concept for evolutionary games.
PPARg mRNA Expression Is Reduced in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells after Fat Overload inPatientswithMetabolicSyndrome

PPARg is a transcriptional regulator of metabolism; its activity can be modulated by direct binding of dietary lipids. The most prevalent human PPARg gene variant, Ala12, is associated with postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in patients with metabolic syndrome, although the mechanism whereby this polymorphism affects lipid homeostasis remains to be fully determined. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), we studied the effect of the Pro12 and Ala12 polymorphisms on mRNA expression of PPARg and nuclear factor kappa B genes before and 3 and 4 h after fat overload. We also studied several biochemical and oxidative stress variables. Most of the indicators of oxidative stress were higher in patients with metabolic syndrome than in healthy subjects before and after fat overload. Patients also differed depending on whether they had the Pro12 or Ala12 variant in PBMC; PPARg expression was lower in healthy subjects compared with patients. After fat overload, circulating triglycerides and PPARg expression were positively correlated (r 1⁄4 0.617, P , 0.05), and PPARg expression tended to be negatively correlated with 2 important markers of oxidative stress: plasma lipid peroxidation (r 1⁄4 20.224, P , 0.1) and carbonylated proteins (CPro) (r1⁄420.340, P , 0.1) concentrations. We also found differences in several indicators of oxidative stress between Pro12 and Ala12 patients, including an increase in plasma CPro before and after fat overload in Ala12 but not Pro12 patients. These data provide evidence that the Ala12 sequence variant is associated with a worse metabolic profile than Pro12.This is related to differences in the expressionof PPARg and to oxidative imbalance after fat overload. J. Nutr. 138: 903–907, 2008.
Finite Element Computation of KPP Front Speeds in 3D Cellular and ABC Flows

We carried out a computational study of propagation speeds of reaction-diffusion-advection fronts in three dimensional (3D) cellular and Arnold-Beltrami-Childress (ABC) flows with Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piskunov(KPP) nonlinearity. The variational principle of front speeds reduces the problem to a principal eigenvalue calculation. An adaptive streamline diffusion finite element method is used in the advection dominated regime. Numerical results showed that the front speeds are enhanced in cellular flows according to sublinear power law O (δ p ), p ≈ 0.13, δ the flow intensity. In ABC flows however, the enhancement is O (δ ) which can be attributed to the presence of principal vortex tubes in the streamlines. Poincare sections are used to visualize and quantify the chaotic fractions of ABC flows in the phase space. The effect of chaotic streamlines of ABC flows on front speeds is studied by varying the three parameters (a,b,c ) of the ABC flows. Speed enhancement along x direction is reduced as b (the parameter controling the flow variation along x ) increases at fixed (a,c ) > 0, more rapidly as the corresponding ABC streamlines become more chaotic.
Active Q-switched Fiber Lasers with Single and Dualwavelength Operation

A brief explanation on Q-switched fiber laser operating principle for active technique in terms of operation characteristics is presented. Experimental analysis of proposed pulsed fiber lasers by the active Q-switched technique is demonstrated. Experimental setups in‐ clude the use of Er/Yb doped fiber as a gain medium and an acousto-optic modulator as cavity elements. Setup variations include the use of fiber Bragg gratings for wavelength selection and tuning and Sagnac interferometer for wavelength selection in single wave‐ length operation and for cavity loss adjustment in dual wavelength operation. The exper‐ imental analysis of principal characteristics of single-wavelength operation of the fiber laser and cavity loss adjustment method for dual-wavelength laser operation are dis‐ cussed.
The Hebrew Universal Dependency Treebank: Past Present and Future

The Hebrew treebank (HTB), consisting of 6221 morpho-syntactically annotated newspaper sentences, has been the only resource for training and validating statistical parsers and taggers for Hebrew, for almost two decades now. During these decades, the HTB has gone through a trajectory of automatic and semi-automatic conversions, until arriving at its UDv2 form. In this work we manually validate the UDv2 version of the HTB, and, according to our findings, we apply scheme changes that bring the UD HTB to the same theoretical grounds as the rest of UD. Our experimental parsing results with UDv2New confirm that improving the coherence and internal consistency of the UD HTB indeed leads to improved parsing performance. At the same time, our analysis demonstrates that there is more to be done at the point of intersection of UD with other linguistic processing layers, in particular, at the points where UD interfaces external morphological and lexical resources.
Water quality monitoring using wireless sensor network and smartphone-based applications: a review

A wireless sensor network (WSN) has a huge potential in water ecology monitoring applications. The integration of WSN to a portable sensing device offers the feasibility of sensing distribution capability, on-site data measurements, and remote sensing abilities. Due to the advancement of WSN technology, unexpected contamination events in water environments can be observed continuously. Local Area Network (LAN), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Internet web-based are commonly used as a gateway unit for data communication via local base computer using standard Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) or General Packet Radio Services (GPRS). However, WSN construction is costly and a growing static infrastructure increases the energy consumptions. Hence, a growing trend of smartphone-based application in the field of water monitoring is a surrogate approach to engage mobile base stations for in-field analysis that are driven by the expanding adaptation of Bluetooth, ZigBee and standard Wi-Fi routers. Owing to the fact that smartphones are portable and accessible, mobile data collection from WSN in remote locations are achievable. This paper comprehensively reviews the detection of water contaminants using smartphone-based applications in accordance with WSN technologies. In this paper, some recommendations and prospective views on the developments of water quality monitoring will be discussed.
Monitoring during Neonatal Transport

Approximately 1% of newborn infants require transport for continuation of neonatal care. Main indications are congenital malformations, respiratory distress syndrome and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Specialized neonatal transport teams are skilled in patient care, communication, equipment management, and extensively trained in resuscitation, stabilization, and transport of critically ill infants. There is increasing evidence that clinical assessment is imprecise and can be misleading. This article aims to describe potential monitoring to aid the neonatal transport team during stabilisation and transport of critical ill newborns.
Optical Structure with PDMS Microfibre for Displacement Measurement

We proposed, prepared and demonstrated an optical structure consists of conventional single-mode optical fibres and a bend PDMS microfiber. The structure forms Mach-Zehnder interferometer with variable length of an air arm. The structure can be used for sensing of various physical quantities as temperature, humidity, volatile organic compounds, etc. We demonstrated its usage by displacement measurement. For determination of a displacement we used a change of interference pattern period. The sensitivity of proposed structure is 0.027 nm/m.
Lipids, glucose parameters and reversible immunosuppression induced by Methylprednisolone on healthy rabbits

Single doses of Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate were tested in healthy rabbits. This study was conducted to determine the dose or doses that induce significant immunosuppression without significantly altering the serum levels of lipids and glucose within a relatively long period. Thus, four concentrations of methylprednisolone (2.5, 5, 10 and 15mg/kg body weight) were tested on four groups of six rabbits and a control group (0.9% NaCl). The results of this study showed that only concentrations of 10 and 15 mg / kg body weight induced a significant immunosuppression within seven days (P 0.05). The results of this study suggest that the dose of 10mg/kg body weight could be given as a dose inducing reversible immunosuppression without significantly altering the lipid and glucose parameters. The increase of lipids and glucose may cause diseases such as dyslipidemia and diabetes which could give rise to an irreversible immunosuppression.
Identification of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material in Sand

Radionuclides that occur in the environment through natural means, known as Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM), are mostly by-products of the Thorium and Uranium nuclear decay chains. These are naturally occurring substances that emit gamma rays before reaching their ground state. For this reason we used a high purity germanium detector, to perform a gamma spectroscopy analysis on the samples of sand from the Southeastern shores of Lake Michigan, Notre Dame and Germany. It was determined that Germany rock had the highest levels of NORM when compared to the other samples. Introduction The radionuclides that occur in nature can be broken down into two groups. The first group is the primordial group which means that the half-life of the nuclide is comparable to the life of the earth on the order of 10 9 years. The second group is the secondary nuclides, which have gained existence through the decay of the primordial nuclides. There are three decay chains that are the most common and are all headed by different nuclides. The Thorium decay begins with the Th-232 and the Uranium decay begins with U238[4]. The process of these decays go through one of three modes of decay to become a daughter nuclide; alpha, beta minus and beta plus. Alpha decay occurs largely in elements with atomic numbers greater than 83. During this process an alpha particle is emitted which changes the atomic number of the parent nuclide because an alpha particle is a He nucleus. The alpha mode of decay can be seen as: → The other two modes of decay are very similar because they are both beta decay but have different products. Beta minus decay yields a beta particle which is an electron and comes from the process of a neutron converting to a proton and emitting an electron, it is characterized
Interference of the signal from a local dynamical process with the quantum state propagation in spin chains

The effect of a local instantaneous quantum dynamical process (QDP), either unitary or non-unitary, on the quantum state transfer through a unitary Hamiltonian evolution is investigated for both integrable and non-integrable dynamics. There are interference effects of the quantum state propagation and the QDP signal propagation. The state transfer fidelity is small for further sites, from the site where the information is coded, indicating a finite speed for the propagation of the quantum correlation. There is a small change in the state transfer fidelity for the case of the non-unitary QDP intervening in the the background of unitary dynamics. In the case of the unitary QDP, the change is more pronounced, with a substantial increase in the fidelity for appropriate sites and times. For the non-integrable case, namely a kicked Harper model, the state transfer fidelity is quite large for further sites for short times, indicating that a finite speed for the propagation of the quantum correlation cannot be defined.
Retrieval of tropospheric CO column from hyperspectral infrared sounders – application to four years of Aqua/AIRS and MetOp-A/IASI

Abstract. Four years of tropospheric integrated content of CO were retrieved from infrared hyperspectral observations of AIRS onboard Aqua and IASI onboard MetOp-A, for the period July 2007–June 2011. The retrieval method is based on a double differential approach that relies on the difference between brightness temperatures observed by the sounder and BT simulated by the Automatised Atmospheric Absorption Atlas (4A) radiative transfer model on colocated ECMWF reanalyses, for several couples of channels located in the 4.67 μm CO band. AIRS and IASI give access to similar integrated contents of CO with a maximum sensitivity near 450 hPa and a half-height width of the weighting function between 200 and 750 hPa depending on the thermal contrast (i.e., the difference between the surface temperature and the temperature of the first pressure level). However, differences in their spectral and radiometric characteristics yield differences in the retrieval characteristics with AIRS selected couples of channels being more sensitive to surface characteristics. Moreover, IASI covers the whole CO absorption band, with a 3 times better spectral resolution, giving access to channels presenting a 3 times higher signal to noise ratio. This results in a better precision and lower standard deviation of the IASI retrievals. Conservatively, comparisons with CARIBIC aircraft measurements yield an averaged relative difference of 3.4% for IASI and 4.9% for AIRS. On average, AIRS and IASI retrievals are in very good agreement, showing the same seasonality, seasonal amplitudes, interannual variability and spatial distribution. The analysis of the monthly evolution of CO particularly highlights the expected strong influence of biomass burning on the evolution of CO in several tropical regions. In particular, a sharp increase in CO in 2010 in the southern tropics, especially over South America and South Africa, is observed, and is shown to be related to El Nino and to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation.