Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Shape Feature Extraction Techniques

"A picture is worth one thousand words". This proverb comes from Confucius a Chinese philosopher before about 2500 years ago. Now, the essence of these words is universally understood. A picture can be magical in its ability to quickly communicate a complex story or a set of ideas that can be recalled by the viewer later in time. Visual information plays an important role in our society, it will play an increasingly pervasive role in our lives, and there will be a growing need to have these sources processed further. The pictures or images are used in many application areas like architectural and engineering design, fashion, journalism, advertising, entertainment, etc. Thus it provides the necessary opportunity for us to use the abundance of images. However, the knowledge will be useless if one can't _nd it. In the face of the substantive and increasing apace images, how to search and to retrieve the images that we interested with facility is a fatal problem: it brings a necessity for image retrieval systems. As we know, visual features of the images provide a description of their content. Content-based image retrieval (CBIR), emerged as a promising mean for retrieving images and browsing large images databases. CBIR has been a topic of intensive research in recent years. It is the process of retrieving images from a collection based on automatically extracted features.
Denial of Service Attacks

We discuss distributed denial of service attacks in the Internet. We were motivated by the widely known February 2000 distributed attacks on Yahoo! , Amazon.com, CNN.com, and other major Web sites. A denial of service is characterized by an explicit attempt by an attacker to prevent legitimate users from using resources. An attacker may attempt to: “flood” a network and thus reduce a legitimate user’s bandwidth, prevent access to a service, or disrupt service to a specific system or a user. We describe methods and techniques used in denial of service attacks, and we list possible defenses. In our study, we simulate a distributed denial of service attack using ns-2 network simulator. We examine how various queuing algorithms implemented in a network router perform during an attack, and whether legitimate users can obtain desired bandwidth. We find that under persistent denial of service attacks, class based queuing algorithms can guarantee bandwidth for certain classes of input flows.
Cisco Access Lists Field Guide

From the Publisher: ONE-STOP GUIDE TO CONFIGURING CISCO ACCESS LISTS. Configuring access lists for Cisco Routers and for network operations is one of the most difficult tasks for network administrators working in a Cisco networking environment. Cisco- Access Lists Field Guide,by Gil Held and Kent Hundley,CCNA,makes this task far less of a headache. This comprehensive reference thoroughly explores basic,dynamic,time-based,reflexive,and context-based access lists,and the use of keywords. Following a consistent,reader-friendly format,each chapter covers the problem,offers a network illustration and access list,and a full explanation. This invaluable guide also describes potential pitfalls,and tells you how to avoid them. You also get hundreds of practical examples of access lists that can be tailored to your own environment. Your complete,portable,daily reference to creating and configuring Cisco access lists! For administrators working in a Cisco networking environment,configuring access lists for Cisco routers is an extremely difficult and challenging task. This convenient reference provides all the comprehensive coverage network managers and router administrators need to create and apply access lists. This guide is especially developed for on-the-job use with easy-to-follow organization and a consistent format that details problems and their solutions,including numerous real world examples. Inside you'll find out about: Access list basicsThe command interpreterDynamic access listsTime-based access listsReflexive access listsContext-based access listsEncryption and other added security featuresTraffic management and queuing Witheach type of list,you'll get crystal-clear explanations of format,overview,keywords,creation,and examples that can be easily tailored to your working environment. For demystifying the complex task of creating access lists,this is the daily reference you won't want to be without!
Professional Learning Communities by Design: Putting the Learning Back Into PLCs

Foreword by Shirley Hord Acknowledgments About the Author Introduction 1. Setting the Stage for PLCs (June and July) 2. Finding Initial Structures (August) 3. Pursuing the Need to Know Making Sense of Data (August - October) 4. Finding Processes for Working Together (November - December) 5. Appreciating New Data Discovering Divergence (January - March) 6. Grappling with Change Pursuing Protocols (March and April) 7. Expanding Context Focusing on the Future (May and June) 8. Exploring Leadership and Taking Action (June and August) 9. Looking Ahead Facing Challenges (June and August) References
Desenvolvimento de um Chatterbot para Área de Medição de Software

Atualmente existe uma dificuldade dos alunos em aprenderem medicao de software da forma como ela e ensinada, sendo assim ferramentas com o objetivo de auxiliar no ensino deste tema sao bem vindas. Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um chatterbot para auxiliar a aprendizagem de conceitos da area de medicao de software. O chatterbot foi desenvolvido para a plataforma web utilizando a linguagem de programacao JAVA e a tecnologia AIML
A Dynamic Three-Dimensional Network Visualization Program for Integration into CyberCIEGE and Other Network Visualization Scenarios

Abstract : Detailed information and intellectual understanding of a network's topology and vulnerabilities is invaluable to better securing computer networks. Network protocol analyzers and intrusion detection systems can provide this additional information. In particular, game-based trainers, such as CyberCIEGE, have been shown to improve the level of training and understanding of network security professionals. This thesis' objective is to enhance these applications by developing NTAV3D, or, Network Topology and Attack Visualizer (Three Dimensional). NTAV3D is a tool that displays network topology, vulnerabilities, and attacks in an interactive, three-dimensional environment. This augments the design and game play of CyberCIEGE by increasing game player interaction and data display. Additionally, NTAV3D can be expanded to provide this capability to network analysis and intrusion detection tools. Furthermore, NTAV3D expands on ideas and results from related work of the best ways to visualize network topology, vulnerabilities, and attacks. NTAV3D was created using open-source software technologies including Xj3D, X3D, Java, and XML. It is also one of the first applications to be built with only the Xj3D toolkit. Therefore, the development process allowed evaluation of these technologies, resulting in recommendations for future improvements.
Remarks on the Existence of CML Estimates for the PCM by means of the R Package eRm

In this article, the main focus is on the PCM; the above-mentioned JML non-existence configurations for this model will be the starting point. A class of counter examples is illustrated, which leads to “false” CML estimates with the eRm package, i.e., values that appear to be estimates but, through a more accurate analysis of the maximization function, they are rather a clear signal of non-existence. Moreover, the obtained results emphasize the presence of additional CML non-existence configurations, compared to those valid in the JML case.
Medical image retrieval using transforms.

The purpose of this study is to access the stability of transformation methods for medical image analysis. The reason for image retrieval is due to the increase in acquisition of images. Imaging has occupied a huge role in the management of patients, whether hospitalized or not. Depending upon the patient’s clinical problem, a variety of imaging modalities were available for use. In this article various distance methods were used and then they are compared for effective medical image retrieval. A transform based approach is followed for effective retrieval. This paper describes discrete Fourier transforms (DFT), discrete cosine transforms (DCT), discrete wavelet transforms(DWT), complex wavelet transforms (CWT) and rotated complex wavelet transform filter (RCWF) for medical image retrieval. From the final results it is very clear that each transforms performance defers and shows different results in retrieval of medical images. DWT shows the best results in terms of average retrieval results with 95% precision and 83% recall value, average searching time with 8 seconds, and less number of irrelevant images. These results indicate that these easily computable similarity distance measures have a wide variety of medical image retrieval applications.
An Optimistic Data Consistency Maintenance Method Based on Key-Attributes

The features of simple description, small updates item and weak dependence are the main characteristics of updates of key-attributes in P2P systems. Accordingly, an optimistic data consistency maintenance method based on key-attributes is proposed. In the method, the update of key-attributes is separated from user update requests. Key-Updates are propagated by latency-overlay update propagation model, that is, updates are always propagated to the nodes having maximum or minimum latency, and assured and uncertain propagation paths of updates are all taken into account. Based on classifying key-update conflicts, a double-level reconciling mechanism including buffer preprocessing and update-log processing is applied to detect and reconcile conflicts, and then conflicts are solved by policies as last-writer-win and divide-and-rule. Lastly, update-log management method and maintenance method brought by node failure and network partitioning are discussed for the above is deployed based on the information storied in update-log. Delaying key-attributes updates cannot occur by the optimistic disposal method, and then it cannot depress efficiency of resource location based on key-attributes, which adapts well to P2P systems for Internet. The simulation results show that it is an effective optimistic data consistency maintenance method, achieving good consistency overhead, resource location and resource access overhead, and having strong robustness.
BIOMETRIK SUARA DENGAN TRANSFORMASI WAVELET BERBASIS ORTHOGONAL DAUBENCHIES

Biometric as one of identification or recognition person techniques that based on uniquely part of human body. Voice one of uniquely human has. Voice signal that come out from different speakers give different voice pattern. Because of high variations used neural network (NNW)for matching the patterns. Before voice data is processed using NNW it’s processed using digital processed through feature extraction phase using discrit wavelet orthogonal base 4 orders with 10 and 15 decomposition rate. The result of NNW is processed by model decision maker that determine speaker identification. The result of experiment shows system biometric built can identify as high as 86%
3D Face Modeling

Acquiring, modeling, and synthesizing realistic 3D human faces and their dynamics have emerged as an active research topic in the border area between the computer vision and computer graphics fields of research. This has resulted in a plethora of different acquisition systems and processing pipelines that share many fundamental concepts as well as specific implementation details. The research community has investigated the possibility of targeting either end-to-end consumer-level or professional-level applications, such as facial geometry acquisition for 3D-based biometrics and its dynamics capturing for expression cloning or performance capture and, more recently, for 4D expression analysis and recognition. Despite the rich literature, reproducing realistic human faces remains a distant goal because the challenges that face 3D face modeling are still open. These challenges include the motion speed of the face when conveying expressions, the variabilities in lighting conditions, and pose. In addition, human beings are very sensitive to facial appearance and quickly sense any anomalies in 3D geometry or dynamics of faces. The techniques developed in this field attempt to recover facial 3D shapes from camera(s) and reproduce their actions. Consequently, they seek to answer the following questions:
Of marks and meaning : a palaeographic, semiotic-cognitive, and comparative analysis of the identity marks from Deir el-Medina.

De dissertatie analyseert de aard en structuur van een oud-Egyptisch merktekensysteem en onderzoekt de relatie van deze niet-linguistische vorm van visuele communicatie tot het linguistische systeem van schrift. Ook worden merktekensystemen als universeel fenomeen, waar in onze eigen maatschappij nog volop gebruik van wordt gemaakt, geanalyseerd.
Embedding non-technical skills into the accounting curricula

This paper aims to illustrate and disseminate examples of strategies to embed non-technical skills into the accounting curricula. As part of a survey to universities to determine the relative importance of identified non-technical skills in their curricula, an invitation was given to supply examples of the embedding of these skills. The academics were then interviewed and together with unit outlines and other documentation provided, the strategy was documented with follow up interviews and other communications to verify the accuracy of the documentation. The non-technical skills most commonly embedded in the curricula were team work and oral and written communication. Non-technical skills were either embedded in one unit or across a year or program level. Several academics used ‘real world’ experiences to embed non-technical skills. Outcomes observed ranged from increased student satisfaction, increased employability, improved attendance in lectures and tutorials and improved performance in examinations. Challenges faced in implementing the strategies related to resourcing, mobility of staff and the difficulty of attributing improvements to that strategy alone. The strategies documented will contribute to the embedding of non technical skills into accounting curricula by providing academics with trialled examples. By sharing best practice in this manner communities of practice will evolve to enhance the accounting education experience for all students. This study is the most comprehensive study of its nature since the Mathews Report in 1990. While some of the strategies might have been written up individually, the collection of strategies available for dissemination to the accounting academic community has not.
Producto, desempleo y la Ley de Okun en la República Dominicana

The paper investigates Okun’s Law for the Dominican Republic during the second part of the twentieth century and the first decade of the twenty first. The econometric modelling estimates an Okun coefficient implying that, on average, for every 1 percent growth in real output the unemployment rate decreases 0.5 percentage points. But recursive modelling reveals that Okun’s coefficient has being falling during the last forty years from -0.88 in 1966 to -0.5 in 2013. The drop in the magnitude of Okun’s coefficient and the inertia in the number of workers registered out of the labour supply could help in illuminating episodes of ‘jobless growth’ observed for the Dominican Republic. The analysis also reveals that the implicit average rate of real output growth consistent with stable unemployment is 4.5% per annum.
The use of standard content specifications in a national health interoperability framework

The openEHR community has developed a specification that has been taken up by the standards community and has this year been adopted as ISO 13606. The specification offers an engineering and semantic framework for implementing an electronic health record (EHR) service within a service-oriented architecture. The semantic framework provides the means of agreeing the clinical and other content of the EHR independently of the implementation infrastructure. The clinical content is expressed using a formal language, itself part of the ISO standard, which ensures the content specifications provide a single computable source for many key artifacts required for semantic interoperability.
Performance Debugging and Tuning using an Instruction-Set Simulator

Instruction-set simulators allow programmers a detailed level of insight into, and control over, the execution of a program, including parallel programs and operating systems. In principle, instruction set simulation can model any target computer and gather any statistic. Furthermore, such simulators are usually portable, independent of compiler tools, and deterministic-allowing bugs to be recreated or measurements repeated. Though often viewed as being too slow for use as a general programming tool, in the last several years their performance has improved considerably. We describe SIMICS, an instruction set simulator of SPARC-based multiprocessors developed at SICS, in its role as a general programming tool. We discuss some of the benefits of using a tool such as SIMICS to support various tasks in software engineering, including debugging, testing, analysis, and performance tuning. We present in some detail two test cases, where we''ve used SimICS to support analysis and performance tuning of two applications, Penny and EQNTOTT. This work resulted in improved parallelism in, and understanding of, Penny, as well as a performance improvement for EQNTOTT of over a magnitude. We also present some early work on analyzing SPARC/Linux, demonstrating the ability of tools like SimICS to analyze operating systems. (NOTE: A later version of this report was published in ILPS''97)
On cognition, structured sequence processing, and adaptive dynamical systems

Cognitive neuroscience approaches the brain as a cognitive system: a system that functionally is conceptualized in terms of information processing. We outline some aspects of this concept and consider a physical system to be an information processing device when a subclass of its physical states can be viewed as representational/cognitive and transitions between these can be conceptualized as a process operating on these states by implementing operations on the corresponding representational structures. We identify a generic and fundamental problem in cognition: sequentially organized structured processing. Structured sequence processing provides the brain, in an essential sense, with its processing logic. In an approach addressing this problem, we illustrate how to integrate levels of analysis within a framework of adaptive dynamical systems. We note that the dynamical system framework lends itself to a description of asynchronous event‐driven devices, which is likely to be important in cognition because.
Fuzzy Logic Based Solar Tracking System by Estimation of Solar Radiation

Energy is one of the most important inputs for all sectors of a country’s economy. The living standard of the people living in different parts of the globe is related to per capita energy consumption. In India 66.44% of electricity generation is from thermal power plants, 19.13 %from hydro, 2.32% from nuclear and 12.09% from rest. Out of 66.44%, 56.65% share is of coal. These days the demand of energy is increasing rapidly in rural areas. This energy demand can be fulfilled effectively by using the available solar energy. Photo-voltaic system exhibits a right degree of compatibility. In this paper a program is written in C++ to estimate the solar radiation in different areas and calculate the total power which can be generated through the solar energy. It also calculate the angle at which the solar panel is fixed to trap maximum solar radiation. Then a fuzzy logic based C++ program is written to track the solar panel by sensing the voltage and temperature of the panel. This paper also includes the concept of cooling system which cools the panel when its temperature exceeds above its limit at which its efficiency becomes low. Then the input is given to energy efficient motor to start the cooling system to maintain the temperature of the panel. For computing the solar radiation different inputs such as monthly average global radiation, regression constant, extraterrestrial solar radiation, declination angle, latitude angle etc. were noted. When these inputs are given to the written program then it will automatically give the total possible energy production through the solar radiation. Keywords-photo-voltaic; solar radiation; C++ programming; regression constan;, declination angle; latitude
Making accurate formant measurements : an empirical investigation of the influence of the measurement tool, analysis settings and speaker on formant measurements

The aim of this thesis is to provide guidance and information that will assist forensic speech scientists, and phoneticians generally, in making more accurate formant measurements, using commonly available speech analysis tools. Formant measurements are an important speech feature that are often examined in forensic casework, and are used widely in many other areas within the field of phonetics. However, the performance of software currently used by analysts has not been subject to detailed investigation. This thesis reports on a series of experiments that examine the influence that the analysis tools, analysis settings and speakers have on formant measurements. The influence of these three factors was assessed by examining formant measurement errors and their behaviour. This was done using both synthetic and real speech. The synthetic speech was generated with known formant values so that the measurement errors could be calculated precisely. To investigate the influence of different speakers on measurement performance, synthetic speakers were created with different third formant structures and with different glottal source signals. These speakers’ synthetic vowels were analysed using Praat’s normal formant measuring tool across a range of LPC orders. The real speech was from a subset of 186 speakers from the TIMIT corpus. The measurements from these speakers were compared with a set of hand-corrected reference formant values to establish the performance of four measurement tools across a range of analysis parameters and measurement strategies. The analysis of the measurement errors explored the relationships between the analysis tools, the analysis parameters and the speakers, and also examined how the errors varied over the vowel space. LPC order was found to have the greatest influence on the magnitude of the errors and their overall behaviour was closely associated with the underlying measurement process used by the tools. The performance of the formant trackers tended to be better than the simple Praat measuring tool, and allowing the LPC order to vary across tokens improved the performance for all tools. The performance was found to differ across speakers, and for each real speaker, the best performance was obtained when the measurements were made with a range of LPC orders, rather than being restricted to just one. The most significant guidance that arises from the results is that analysts should have an understanding of the basis of LPC analysis and know how it is applied to obtain formant measurements in the software that they use. They should also understand the influence of LPC order and the other analysis parameters concerning formant tracking. This will enable them to select the most appropriate settings and avoid making unreliable measurements.