Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optical properties of porous Si/PECVD SiNX:H reflector on single crystalline Si for solar cells

Abstract The improvement of optical confinement on the back crystalline silicon solar cell is one of the factors leading to its better performance. Porous silicon (PS) layer can be used as a back reflector (BR) in solar cells. In this work, single layers of porous silicon were grown by electrodeposition on a single crystalline silicon substrate. The measurement of the total reflectivity (RT) on Si/PS surface showed a significant improvement in optical confinement compared to that measured on Si/standard Al back surface field (BSF). The internal reflectivity (RB) extracted from total reflectivity measurements achieved 86 % for the optimized single PS layer (92 nm thick layer with 60 % porosity) in the wavelength range between 950 and 1200 nm. This improvement was estimated as more than 17 % compared to that measured on the surface of Si/BSF Al contact. To improve the stability and passivation properties of PS layer BR, silicon nitride layer (SiNx) was deposited by PECVD on a PS layer. The maximum measured total reflectivity for PS/SiNx achieved approximately 56 % corresponding to an improved RB of up to 83 %. The PS formation process in combination with the PECVD SiNx, can be applied in the photovoltaic cell technology and offer a promising technique to produce high-efficiency and low-cost c-Si solar cells.
Novel automatic scorpion-detection and -recognition system based on machine-learning techniques

All species of scorpions can inject venom, some of them even with the possibility of killing a human. Therefore, early detection and identification are essential to minimize scorpion stings. In this paper, we propose a novel automatic system for the detection and recognition of scorpions using computer vision and machine learning (ML) approaches. Two complementary image-processing techniques were used for the proposed detection method to accurately and reliably detect the presence of scorpions. The first is based on the fluorescent characteristics of scorpions when exposed to ultraviolet light, and the second on the shape features of the scorpions. Also, three models based on ML algorithms for the image recognition and classification of scorpions are compared. In particular, the three species of scorpions found in La Plata city (Argentina): Bothriurus bonariensis (of no sanitary importance), Tityus trivittatus, and Tityus confluence (both of sanitary importance) have been researched using a local binary-pattern histogram algorithm and deep neural networks with transfer learning (DNNs with TL) and data augmentation (DNNs with TL and DA) approaches. A confusion matrix and a receiver operating characteristic curve were used to evaluate the quality of these models. The results obtained show that the model of DNN with TL and DA is the most efficient at simultaneously differentiating between Tityus and Bothriurus (for health security) and between T. trivittatus and T. confluence (for biological research purposes).
Affective structure, measurement invariance, and reliability across different experience sampling protocols

While affect is frequently measured with experience sampling methodology (ESM),the affective structure at the between- and within-person level has not been thoroughly investigated. We investigated the affective structure at the between- and within-person level, its invariance across different ESM protocols, and its reliability. Participants (N = 147) were randomly assigned to receive either a 30 or 60 item questionnaire three, six, or nine times per day, resulting in 72 to 75 participants per questionnaire length and 48 to 50 participants per sampling frequency. Momentary affect was assessed with 8 or 18 items. At both levels, a structure with two correlated factors showed the best fit compared to an orthogonal and a unidimensional model. A structure with additional freed residual correlations was invariant across protocols at the within-person level and showed high reliability. We observed indications of a more discrete affective structure within than between persons.
Silver(I) Cage and Infinite Chain Stabilized by Bowl-Shaped Resorcin[4]arene Tetraethynide Ligands

We present a new family of Ag(I) complexes bearing calixarene-based tetraethynide ligands, namely, [Ag12(L1)2·(CH3CN)4·(NO3)4]·2H2O (1), [Ag4L1·(AgCF3CO2)4·(CH3OH)] (2), [Ag4L2·(AgCF3CO2)4]·H2O (3), and [Ag4L3·(AgCF3CO2)4]·0.75CH3COCH3 (4), which were obtained from the reaction of newly synthesized tetraethynyl functionalized resorcin[4]arenes with silver(I) salts. Complex 1 features a 4/m assembly comprising a Ag12 cage sandwiched by two bowl-shaped resorcin[4]arene tetraethynides, while 2–4 exhibit similar silver(I) chain structures each stabilized by an alternate attachment of bowl-shaped resorcin[4]arene tetraethynide units. This work provides the successful example of the use of calixarene-based ligands for the construction of multinuclear silver(I)–ethynide supramolecular frameworks.
Extraction and Purification of Nucleic Acid using CBNP & PCIA Technique

Isolation of Nucleic acid easily by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and this approach, using commercially available Extraction of nucleic acid column-based kits, requires no toxic chemicals and is a rapid and consistent method for concomitant protein extraction. It is a modern technique useful for separation of Nucleic acid which is most reliable, less time consuming and separation of impurities and continuity of reactive products using listed techniques like column-based nucleic acid purification, Nucleic acid methods and ethanol precipitation, DNA separation by silica adsorption. Buffer choice is significant to completely solubilized all proteins in the sample. This technique provides a simple and effective way to analyze protein and nucleic acids simultaneously from the same sample not affecting yield and quality.
Structural studies of titanyl and zirconyl sulphate hydrates

Faculty of Science and Engineering Department of Applied Chemistry Doctor of Philosophy Structural Studies of Titanyl and Zirconyl Sulphate Hydrates by Phillip Martin English The aim of this thesis was to use a combination of computer simulations and experimental methods to gain insight into the unknown structure of the material titanyl sulphate dihydrate, TiOSO4·2H2O. Samples of TiOSO4·2H2O, along with TiOSO4·H2O, were produced and analysed using X-ray and neutron diffraction at both laboratory and synchrotron facilities. Both ex-situ and in-situ experiments were performed in order to analyse both the structure and growth of the crystals. The diffraction data resulting from these experiments was then used in various structure determination programs. A unit cell was able to be determined from the synchrotron X-ray diffraction patterns, and the first neutron diffraction pattern of a TiOSO4·2D2O sample was produced. In-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies showed that the formation of the crystals followed a single step process, and indicated the possibility of meta-stable phases being present in the sample. In parallel with the experimental studies, computer modelling was used to develop and create candidate TiOSO4·2H2O structures. Initially both forcefield and first principles techniques were validated against a series of test cases. These included the first such calculations for the TiOSO4 and TiOSO4·H2O structures. The candidate structures of TiOSO4·2H2O thus produced were then used as input into the structural determination step. Structure determination was attempted with multiple approaches, using the determined unit cell and a variety of space group settings. Despite a thorough treatment and validation of the method using the diffraction data and known structure of TiOSO4·H2O, the structure was unable to be solved. However, structural motifs consistent with a layered, needle-like morphology, as observed in experimental studies, were commonly found to be present in solutions offered by these approaches. Future use of techniques such as the substitution of isotopic titanium in neutron diffraction may provide enough information to more accurately determine atomic positions.
Cell-Free DNA Methylation as Blood-Based Biomarkers for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma—A Literature Update

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma has a horrible prognosis, which is partly due to difficulties in diagnosing the disease in an early stage. Additional blood-born biomarkers for pancreatic adenocarcinoma are needed. Epigenetic modifications, as changes in DNA methylation, is a fundamental part of carcinogenesis. The aim of this paper is to do an update on cell-free DNA methylation as blood-based biomarkers for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The current literature including our studies clearly indicates that cell-free DNA methylation has the potential as blood-based diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, still no clinical applicable biomarker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma based on DNA methylation do exist. Further well-designed validation studies are needed.
The applicability of natural colorants in papermaking

Natural colorant extracts from norbixin, curcumin, and copper chlorophyll were studied for their potential as paper dyes. Higher consistencies in stock preparation and higher levels of refining were found to favor the retention of these three natural colorants, as evaluated by the saturation of the color. For both norbixin and curcumin, color saturation was higher in the acidic range of pH than in the alkaline range. The copper chlorophyllin exhibited a higher color saturation at pH 6.0, with values falling below pH 5.0 and above pH 7.0. Generally, aluminum sulfate and cationic starch contributed to the retention of the natural colorants. The addition of precipitated calcium carbonate fillers reduced the color saturation of the three colorants as a result of the tendency of the PCC fillers to mask the color of the papers. Application: Natural colorants are a viable and ecologically favorable alternative to synthetic colorants.
Space Tourism: An Initiative Pushing Limits

Since the launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, in 1957, the number of participants in space activities has been growing rapidly. Although space tourism is in its infancy, it is estimated that the number of space tourists will increase significantly in the coming years. Space travel has inspired humanity in so many ways that humans are entering a new era where space will be accessible to the general public. Space giants such as SpaceX, Virgin Galactic, Blue Origin, Orion Span and others are making new attempts to open a new page in the field of space activities by introducing the concept of space tourism to the public. In this article, a review is made on the determination of the goals of space tourism, the history of human space travel and thus the initiatives developed by different companies to make commercial space travel possible. In this article, the definition of Space tourism has been expanded into three subcategories: Sub-orbital space tourism, Orbital space tourism and Beyond Earth orbit Tourism, where companies such as SpaceX and Space Adventures Ltd push their limits.
Hybrid liquid-metal heat dissipation structure enabled by phase transition for flexible electronics

Flexible electronics incorporating built-in thin-film semiconductors with soft substrates allow devices or systems to conform to desired shapes, creating opportunities for various novel applications. High radio-frequency (RF) power flexible devices play significant roles in flexible wireless communication and other miniaturized microwave systems in the future. However, high power operations of devices generate a massive amount of heat, and if not dissipated effectively, the excessive heat can degrade the performance of flexible active devices and even cause irreversible damage to the systems. In this work, we present a hybrid heat dissipation structure that can be used in flexible electronics where significant heat dissipation is needed. The structure was designed with finite element method-based simulations with the goal of achieving both high heat dissipation efficiency and mechanical flexibility. The structure was fabricated using a phase transition technique, greatly simplifying the fabrication process without need of handling liquid in the fabrication process, and was tested on an ultra-thin flexible AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT). The maximum power handled by the heat-managed HEMT measured from the I DS–V DS curve was 2.33 times larger than a reference HEMT without the heat dissipation structure. This demonstration opens new prospects for expanding the applications of flexible electronics toward high-power radio frequency regime in the future.
Facile patterning of electrospun polymer fibers enabled by electrostatic lensing interactions

Hierarchical polymer fibers with long-range ordering have been straightforwardly fabricated employing a macroscale patterned mesh comprising microscale metallic filaments as a conductive collector, in an otherwise conventional electrospinning apparatus. Using electrostatic simulations, we elucidate that the patterning electric field is extremely confined to the immediate vicinity of the mesh collector surface. This lensing phenomenon is controlling the fiber patterning effect, and its strength decays with height above the patterned surface. Our study sheds new light on the physical mechanism underpinning electrospinning and offers a new approach for engineering fiber architectures where a precise control of in-plane physical properties is sought.
Performance comparison between naive bayes and k- nearest neighbor algorithm for the classification of Indonesian language articles

The match between the contents of the article and the article theme is the main factor whether or not an article is accepted. Many people are still confused to determine the theme of the article appropriate to the article they have. For that reason, we need a document classification algorithm that can group the articles automatically and accurately. Many classification algorithms can be used. The algorithm used in this study is naive bayes and the k-nearest neighbor algorithm is used as the baseline. The naive bayes algorithm was chosen because it can produce maximum accuracy with little training data. While the k-nearest neighbor algorithm was chosen because the algorithm is robust against data noise. The performance of the two algorithms will be compared, so it can be seen which algorithm is better in classifying documents. The comes about obtained show that the naive bayes algorithm has way better execution with an accuracy rate of 88%, while the k-nearest neighbor algorithm has a fairly low accuracy rate of 60%.
La filière cocotier en Afrique : situation actuelle et perspectives : Afrique, oléagineux et développement

L'Afrique compte quelque 22 pays producteurs de noix de coco, dont la production totale de noix s'eleve a 1,7 - 2,0 millions de tonnes par an. On estime que 95 % de la production est assuree par les petits planteurs. la date de l'introduction du cocotier sur ce continent reste inconnue, mais la dispersion naturelle et l'activite humaine ont sans doute joue un role important dans la repartition pantropicale et la dispersion de cette culture. la productivite de la cocoteraie africaine est faible, en raison de facteurs climatiques, biotiques, edaphiques et autres, notamment les conditions de culture sous-optimales, la presence de maladies et de ravageurs, les mauvaises techniques culturales, le manque de materiel vegetal selectionne et adapte, et l'absence de politique et de strategies gouvernementales clairement definies visant a soutenir les operations de recherche-developpement sur le cocotier. la relance de la filiere necessitera des efforts de recherche-developpement nationaux, regionaux et internationaux.
An exploratory study on learning analytics adoption factors, experience, and

Existing studies have shed light on policies and strategies for learning analytics (LA) adoption, yet there is limited understanding of associations among factors that inﬂuence adoption processes or the change in priorities when institutional experience with LA increases. This paper addresses this gap by presenting a study based on interviews with institutional leaders from 27 European higher education institutions. Results showed that experienced institutions demonstrated more interest in exploring learning behaviour and pedagogical reformation than simply measuring a phenomenon. Experienced institutions also paid more attention to methodological approaches to LA than data constraints, and demonstrated a broader involvement of teachers and students. This paper also identiﬁes inter-related connections between prevailing challenges that impede the scaling of LA. Based on the results, we suggest regular evaluations of LA adoption to ensure the alignment of strategy and desired changes. We also identify three areas that require particular attention when forming short-term goals for LA at diﬀerent phases of adoption.
Photoplethysmography Heart Rate Monitoring: State-of-the-Art Design

Research conducted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2018 demonstrated that the worldwide threat of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has increased compared to previous years. CVDs are very dangerous: if timely treatment is not performed, these conditions could become irreversible and lead to sudden death. Prescriptive measures include physical exercises and monitoring of the heart rate (HR). Despite the existence of various HR monitoring devices (or HMDs), a major challenge remains their availability, particularly to people in lower-income countries. Unfortunately, it is also this segment of the population that is the most vulnerable to CVDs. Accordingly, this led the authors to propose the design for an easily constructible state-of-the-art HMD that attempts to provide a highly accessible, lower-cost, and long-lasting solution that would be more affordable and accessible to these low-income communities.
Volatile constituents and antimicrobial activities from flower and fruit of Arbutus unedo L.

Essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from flower and fruit of Arbutus unedo growing in Turkey were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Forty-nine compounds, representing around 95 % of the total oils were identified. Non-terpenoids hydrocarbons were shown to be the main group of constituents of the flower and fruit part of the plant in the ratio of 62.2 and 92.8 %, respectively. The major component in the essential oil of the flower was α-terpineol (16.3 %) and the main compound in the essential oil of the fruit was hexadecanoic acid (21.7 %). The antimicrobial activity of the isolated essential oils of the flower and fruit were also investigated and it showed moderate antibacterial activity against Listeria monocitogenes and Enterococcus faecalis.
STUDYS ON THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF ORTHOSIPHON WULFENIOIDES (DIES) HAND. -MAZZ

从鸡脚参[Orthosiphon wulfenioides(Dies)Hand. -Mazz]根部分离得到5种物质(Ⅰ～V),通过波谱分析鉴定Ⅰ～Ⅳ为豆甾醇(Ⅰ)、豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(Ⅱ)、6,7-去氢罗伊林酮(Ⅲ)和白桦酸(Ⅳ),V为齐墩果酸与乌苏酸的混合物.
A novel broadband waterborne acoustic absorber

In this paper, we extended the ray tracing theory in polar coordinate system, and originally proposed the Snell–Descartes law in polar coordinates. Based on these theories, a novel broadband waterborne acoustic absorber device was proposed. This device is designed with gradient-distributing materials along radius, which makes the incidence acoustic wave ray warps. The echo reduction effects of this device were investigated by finite element analysis, and the numerical results show that the reflectivity of acoustic wave for the new device is lower than that of homogenous and Alberich layers in almost all frequency 0-30 kHz at the same loss factor.
Removal of FeCl3 from aqueous solution by ultrafiltration using ordered mesoporous MCM-48 ceramic composite membrane

ABSTRACT Mesoporous MCM-48 membrane was prepared on a low-cost circular-shaped ceramic support by a hydrothermal crystallization technique. The characteristics of MCM-48 powder and composite membrane were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), porosity and water permeation test. The porosity and pore size of the composite membrane were found to be 22% and 0.142 µm, respectively. The MCM-48 composite membrane was investigated for the separation potential of FeCl3 from aqueous solution and a maximum rejection of 86% was obtained for a feed concentration of 250 ppm at lower pH 2.
Evidence that noradrenergic transmitter release is regulated by presynaptic receptors.

: A review is provided of the evidence in support of the existence of prejunctional alpha adrenoceptors on noradrenergic nerve terminals as well as the evidence for their physiological importance. The use of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists has provided convincing data in support of the presynaptic receptor hypothesis. Moreover, there is ample evidence for the location of alpha adrenoceptors on nerve terminals. This evidence has often been forgotten in arguments opposing the presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor hypothesis. The precise physiological role of presynaptic alpha adrenoceptors is still an open question, but there is support from a wide range of experiments in favor of a physiological role. Although it is not known which of these functions is most important, presynaptic alpha adrenoceptors may: regulate the pulse-to-pulse regulation of norepinephrine release during nerve stimulation, prevent noise, and protect the neuroeffector cell from excessive activation by transmitter during periods of rest or as physiological antagonists to the facilitation of transmitter release. In summary, evidence reviewed here strongly supports the existence of presynaptic alpha adrenoceptors. These receptors are clearly important pharmacologically and may play a physiological role in noradrenergic transmission. The exact physiological function must await further experimentation.
Analysis and Simulation of Shielding Effectiveness of a Fiber Reinforced Cylindrical Shell

Bu calismanin amaci, fiber takviyeli silindirik bir kabugun ekranlama etkinligi performansini analiz etmek ve modellemektir. Silindirik kabugun ekseni uzerinde olusan elektromanyetik alanlari hesaplamak icin bir matris modeli sunulmustur. Silindirik kabugun ekranlama etkinligi performansi, silindir yaricapi, kabugun kalinligi ve kabugun elektriksel iletkenligi gibi cesitli parametreler icin hesaplanmistir. Ayrica, analitik sonuclari dogrulamak icin Elektromanyetik Alan Simulasyon Yazilimi (CST) programi ile silindirik kabugun 3 boyutlu bir modeli olusturulmustur. Analitik hesaplamalar ve simulasyonlar TM modu icin gerceklestirilir. Analitik sonuclarin ve CST simulasyonlarinin karsilastirilmasi sonucunda iyi bir uyum elde edilmistir.
Studies of the Dimensionless Mass-transfer Coefficient During the Adsorption of Basic and Acid Dyes on to Bagasse Pith

The influence of agitation, particle diameter and mass of adsorbent on the external mass-transfer coefficient is discussed. The computed values correlate with the dimensionless function Sh/Sc1/3. It has been found that Sh/Sc1/3 varies linearly with the variables studied and may be correlated with system variables via the equation Sh/Sc1/3 = A(variable)B.