Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histocompatibility Workshop Anthropology / Human Genetic Diversity Joint Report Chapter 7 : HLA genetic differentiation of the 13 th IHWC population data relative to worldwide linguistic families

The aim of the present report is to examine the HLA genetic diversity of the populations submitted to the 13th IHWC (in addition to some 12th Workshop data) in relation to their linguistic classification. As explained in the Methods chapter (Joint report chapter 2), the participating laboratories were asked to determine the language spoken by each population, and we further classified these languages into broad linguistic families according to Merritt Ruhlen’s book (1) and the Ethnologue (2). This classification is shown in the Appendix, where the list of HLA loci typed for each population is also indicated. The linguistic classification gave us a non-arbitrary way to arrange the data into different population groups, which we then used as distinct units to investigate the HLA genetic differentiation at the world level. We first performed global analyses to determine genetic distances among populations and assess their correlation to geographic distances, without taking into account the linguistic structure. In a second step, we estimated what proportion of genetic variation could be explained by the linguistic structure, and if it was significant. Finally, we explored the level of genetic differentiation within each linguistic family. Overall, these analyses were designed to evaluate whether the linguistic information could be relevant to interpret the HLA genetic structure among populations at the global level.
Visualization of Malay traditional food: emotional expression of the immigrants in Malaysia.

Adapting to the new home settlement has significant implications on psychological dimension. This study aims to examine the emotional expression of the immigrants towards the Malay traditional food the cultural heritage of the ethnic majority in Malaysia, in comparison to Malaysian Malay and Malaysian non-Malay. Through the visualization approach, participants were asked to respond to a series of Malay traditional food images and self-rated their emotional expression by using the Self-assessment Manikin. Emotional expression was significantly lower in immigrants in comparison to Malaysian Malay and Malaysian non-Malay. Acculturation (tendency towards own cultural heritage) factor explained 6% of the variance of emotional expression of the immigrants. Immigrants are undergoing an emotional adaptation while settling in new home.
Supplementary Appendix to Financial Development and Long-Run Volatility Trends

1. Real Gross Domestic Product, billions of chained 2009 dollars, seasonally adjusted annual rate. 2. Personal Consumption Expenditure on Nondurable Goods, billions of chained 2009 dollars, seasonally adjusted annual rate. 3. Personal Consumption Expenditure on Services, billions of chained 2009 dollars, seasonally adjusted annual rate. 4. Real Gross Private Domestic Investment, billions of chained 2009 dollars, seasonally adjusted annual rate. 5. Hours of All Persons in Nonfarm Business Sector, 2009=100, seasonally adjusted. Department of Economics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Email: pfwang@ust.hk. yResearch Department, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Email: yi.wen@stls.frb. org. zAntai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Email: xuzhiwei09@gmail.com.
Deep Iterative Surface Normal Estimation

This paper presents an end-to-end differentiable algorithm for robust and detail-preserving surface normal estimation on unstructured point-clouds. We utilize graph neural networks to iteratively parameterize an adaptive anisotropic kernel that produces point weights for weighted least-squares plane fitting in local neighborhoods. The approach retains the interpretability and efficiency of traditional sequential plane fitting while benefiting from adaptation to data set statistics through deep learning. This results in a state-of-the-art surface normal estimator that is robust to noise, outliers and point density variation, preserves sharp features through anisotropic kernels and equivariance through a local quaternion-based spatial transformer. Contrary to previous deep learning methods, the proposed approach does not require any hand-crafted features or preprocessing. It improves on the state-of-the-art results while being more than two orders of magnitude faster and more parameter efficient.
From a rent-seeking economy toward an entrepreneurial economy in Latin America: The role of institutional quality reform

This essay evidence Latin America as a rent-seeking region. Given its high scale of return, the rent-seeking sector attracts the best and brightest people, eliminating potential entrepreneurs who should create innovation, technology and value to ensure productivity and sustainable economic growth. Meantime, governments grant the right of exploitation of rent-seeking activities in exchange for bribes. Finally, we propose the improvement of institutional quality as instrument of solution.
Horizontal and Vertical Movements of Pacific Blue Marlin Captured and Released Using Sportfishing Gear*

Despite the commercia and recreational importance of Pacific blue marlin Makaira n i M a m , little is known about their biology or behavior. This is due mainly to their large size and pelagic habitat and the difficulty in maintaining them in captivity or observing their behavior in the wild. However, two techniques are available to elucidate their movements: capturing and releasing marlin fitted with identification tags, and tracking of fish carrying ultrasonic transmitters. The recovery of tagged marlin has enhanced our understanding of the long-term geographical range of individual fish and their minimum rates of travel (Squire 1974, Squire and Nielsen 1983, Bayliff and Holland 1986), and growing interest in the tag and release of marlin by sportfishermen should produce an increasingly precise picture of marlin movements. However, this technique cannot answer questions regarding the vertical movements of marlin. and questions remain concerning both the survival of tagged fish following the trauma of capture and the nature of their behavior immediately upon release.
Peninsular bighorn sheep of Coachella Valley

The basis of this study was to research environmental education and interpretive programs on Peninsular bighorn sheep,; Ovis canadensis cremnobates, an endangered species in Coachella Valley, were available through federal, state,,local agencies and organizations. In contrast to the abundant scientific information available about bighorn sheep, environmental education and interpretive programs were found to be very limited. Recommendations about future educational and interpretive programs were
A study on development of automation diagnosis of liquid based cytology

Cervical cancer afflicts women worldwide. The patients’ mortality with cancer has been increased by changing to westernized dietary habit and lifestyle. In order to detect early cervical cancer, a liquid-based cytology (LBC) was used to examine the exfoliated cells collected from the cervix. This procedure helps to decrease the mortality rate. However, this test mostly involves manual examination by the pathologists. This procedure needs to develop more efficient tool in detecting cervical cancer which rate kept increasing. As such, this study was designed to develop some methods to increase the effectiveness of LBC. The diagnosis algorithm was also established to diagnose the processed cell images via an imaging process algorithm based on the diagnosis criteria. A cell diagnosis program based on GUI, combined with the imaging process and the diagnosis algorithms were developed to automate the test process. The results of this studies showed that this new program can be used for effective diagnosis of cervical cancer. Moreover, it was deemed to increase the precision and accuracy of diagnosis and save patient time.
Factores de progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica. Mecanismos no inmunológicos

Non-immunological factors in the progression of kidney disease in transplant patients are the following: high blood pressure, proteinuria, dislypidemia, etc. 1. Arterial hypertension treatment Blood pressure must be measured periodically in all transplant patients. Similarly to native kidneys, in renal transplant patients arterial hypertension is a risk factor in the progression of kidney disease. Arterial hypertension represent a clinical marker of chronic allograft nephropathy and contributes to graft loss and to the morbidmortality of these patients (Evidence level C) Blood pressure control should be <130/80 mm Hg for renal transplant patients without proteinuria and 125/75 mm Hg Correspondencia: Gema Fernandez Fresnedo Servicio de Nefrologia. Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla. Santander. nefffg@humv.es Guias S.E. N.
The effect of mixing water temperature on concrete properties in hot weather conditions

Environmental factors and hot weather conditions can drastically impact the properties, strength and durability of concrete structures. Whereby, higher slump loss rate, faster hydration with accelerated setting, reduced long term compressive strength and plastic shrinkage are more common. Literature review on the impact of hot weather on concrete is not sufficiently elaborated while focusing on curing temperature on overall concrete quality. This study is carried out to investigate the direct impact of mixing water temperature and concrete temperature on the concrete properties serving in hot weather conditions, with special emphasis to the Egyptian hot climate throughout the year. Thus, the scope of this work is to study mixing water temperature’s impact on concrete properties being a key ingredient to the concrete mix, with direct impact on workability, strength and durability. To achieve the work objective, four categories of concrete mixtures with various cement contents and admixtures were studied while changing the mixing water temperature at 5, 25 and 45 ̊C to yield a total 12 different test sets. All other concrete ingredients were heated to 45 ̊C ahead of mixing to simulate hot weather conditions. Two sets of results were analyzed starting with fresh concrete tests of slump, unit weight and concrete temperature; in addition to hardened concrete tests of compressive and flexural strengths. Results showed an average 15% increase in the 28 days concrete compressive strength and enhanced workability in 5 ̊C temperature water Vs. 45 ̊C suggesting the strong impact of water temperature on concrete properties and need to add cool mixing water to concrete cast in hot weather conditions. Recommendations are provided towards the incorporation of cold water in concrete.
Aves del departamento de Cundinamarca, Colombia: conocimiento, nuevos registros y vacíos de información

The department of Cundinamarca in Colombia is an area with diverse geographic and ecosystemic characteristics, a condition that makes it one of the regions in the country with highest diversity of birds. This study updates the list of birds in the department, as well as identifies changes in composition and gaps of information, through the recopilation of field data developed by the authors from 1990 to 2015, revision of different papers and databases, and consultation of experienced birdwatchers in the region. We found 941 records of bird species, of which 24 are endemic, 72 near endemic, 1 extinct, 39 nationally threatened, 101 migratory, and 45 present local and/or altitudinal migration. Of the total number of records, 701 correspond to the authors in 45 localities (48 are new records for the department). We note that there are gaps of information in departmental boundaries, especially in the region of the Magdalena River valley and Llanos Orientales. However, regions that have been more extensively sampled are not fully inventoried since new species for science are still being found.
Adverse effects and management strategy of glucocorticoids in the treatment of spinal vascular disease with venous hypertensive myelopathy

Objective To investigate the adverse effects of glucocorticoids in the treatment of dural arteriovenous fistula and intramedullary spinal arteriovenous malformation(AVM) with spinal venous hypertensive myelopathy(VHM). Methods The clinical data of 22 patients were analyzed retrospectively,21 had dural arteriovenous fistula and 1 had intramedullary AVM with venous hypertensive myelopathy(VHM). The original spinal cord dysfunction of the patients aggravated rapidly after treatment with corticosteroids because of misdiagnosed as acute myelitis and other diseases.After clear diagnosis with the selective spinal angiography,the comprehensive treatment of surgical resection and endovascular embolization of arteriovenous fistula were performed.The impact of preoperative glucocorticoids of the patients on spinal cord function in patients with venous hypertensive myelopathy and the effect of surgery or endovascular treatment on spinal cord function recovery were analyzed.Results ①After the 22 patients were treated with glucocorticoids for 3 days,they were all aggravated according to the elevation of modified Aminoff-Logue score(evaluation of spinal cord function). Gait score: The scores of all 22 patients increased.There was significant difference before and after medication(χm2=20.045,P0.01). Urine score: Except one had no change,the scores of the rest were all increased.There was significant difference(χm2=19.048,P0.01). Stool score: Except 5 had no change,the scores of other 17 patients were all increased.There was significant difference(χm2=15.059,P0.01). ②One month after surgery,the gait scores of 8 patients returned to the status before medication.Urine scores of 11 patients returned to before medication,and 10 increased;stool scores of 8 patients returned to before medication,and 7 increased. ③Compared to before medication,the gait scores decreased in 3 patients at 6 months after surgery,and 11 increased.Urine scores returned to normal in 12 patients,7 were improved compared to before medication,and 3 were worse than before medication;stool scores decreased in 6 patients,and 2 increased. ④Comprehensive status assessment at 6 months after surgery: 2 patients(9.1%) were normal,7(31.8%) were nearly normal,9(40.9%) were mildly abnormal,3(13.6%) were moderately abnormal,and 1(4.5%) was severely abnormal.The normal and basically normal patients accounted for 40.9%. Conclusions Dural arteriovenous fistula with venous hypertension myelopathyis is likely to be misdiagnosed as acute myelitis.After using glucocorticoids,it may cause spinal cord dysfunction in the short-term.Early surgical resection or embolization of the arteriovenous fistula for relieving spinal venous hypertension is the key to salvage spinal cord function.
Research on the Substantial Basis of Acupuncture Effect and the Mechanism of Acupuncture Action

Objective To explore the role of research on the substantial basis of acupuncture effect in the innovative study of the mechanism of acupuncture action.Methods The characteristics of researches on the mechanism of acupuncture action and the substantial basis of acupuncture effect were reviewed.The innovative value of researches on the substantial basis of acupuncture effect in the study of the mechanism of acupuncture action was analyzed.Results Researches on the substantial basis of acupuncture effect were characterized by holism,application of high-throughput technologies and methods,independent of already gained knowledge as a basic starting point,and elucidation of the mechanism of the holistic effect.The research conformed to the thought and method of studying the mechanism of acupuncture action.Conclusion Introduction of research on the substantial basis of acupuncture effect into the study of the mechanism of acupuncture action is of important strategic significance for keeping our country's international leading position and obtaining original and independent intellectual property in the field of acupuncture research.
Experimental and Modeling of Pneumatic Tire Performance on Ice

The tire-ice interaction is a highly complex phenomenon, which has a direct influence on the overall performance of the pneumatic tire. From tire-terrain interaction dynamics, it is evident that icy road conditions and tire operational parameters play a vital role in determining the overall performance of the vehicle. With the reduction of traction available at the surface in icy conditions, the dynamics of the vehicle becomes more unpredictable, as the system can become unstable. In order to design an appropriate safety system, the tire-ice interaction must be closely investigated. Since the tire is the part of the vehicle that is in direct contact with the terrain during operation, it is critical to have an in-depth understanding of the contact mechanics at the contact patch. This study has led to the development and validation of an existing tire-ice model to further improve the understanding of the contact phenomena at the tire-ice interface. Experimental investigations led to a novel measurement technique in order to validate the semi-empirical based tire-ice contact model. The Advanced Tire-Ice Interface Model serves to simulate the temperature rise at the contact patch based on the pressure distribution in the contact patch, thermal properties of the tread compound and of the ice surface. Since its initial development, the advanced model is now capable of simulating the thin water film created from the melted ice, the prediction of tractive performance, the estimation of the viscous friction due to the water layer, and the influence of braking operations including the locked wheel condition. Experimental studies, carried out at the Terramechanics, Multibody, and Vehicle Systems (TMVS) Laboratory, were performed on the Terramechanics Rig. The investigation included measuring the bulk temperature distribution at the contact patch in order to validate the temperature rise simulations of the original Tire-Ice Model. The tractive performance of a P225/60R16 97S Standard Reference Test Tire and a 235/55R-19 Pirelli Scorpion Verde All-Season Plus XL were also investigated during this study. A design of experiment was prepared to capture the tire tractive performance under various controlled operating conditions. This study has been partially supported by the Center for Tire Research (CenTiRe), an NSF-I/UCRC at Virginia Tech, and by the Terramechanics, Multibody, and Vehicle Systems (TMVS) Laboratory. We would like to thank all of the CenTiRe Industrial Advisory Board members that serve as mentors for this project for their suggestions and feedback on this study. Experimental and Modeling of Pneumatic Tire Performance on Ice
Abstract P5-13-01: Patterns of Breast Cancer Relapse According to Breast Cancer Subtypes in Lymph Node-Negative Breast Cancer — Results from International Breast Cancer Study Group Trials VIII and IX

Background: To explore the patterns of breast cancer (BC) relapse according to BC subtypes in a lower risk (lymph node (LN)-negative) population we classified pts from two trials according to a molecular classification using IHC surrogates. IBCSG Trial VIII randomized 1109 premenopausal pts with LN-negative BC to sequential treatment with six cycles of CMF followed by 18 months of goserelin, six courses of CMF alone, or 24 months of goserelin alone. The IBCSG Trial IX randomized 1669 postmenopausal pts with LN-negative BC to sequential treatment with 3 courses of CMF followed by tamoxifen for 57 months or tamoxifen alone for 5 years. Retrospective central pathology evaluation including ER, PgR, HER2 and Ki67 was used to define a molecular classification. Patients & Methods: Of the 2778 pts enrolled in both trials the present analysis includes 2033 (824 from trial VIII and 1209 from trial IX) who also had centrally-reviewed pathology data. The BC molecular subtypes were defined as following: Luminal-A (ER and/or PR-present, HER2-negative and Ki67 Results: In the population analyzed (N = 2033), 25.9% had luminal-A (LA) tumors, 40.3% had luminal B (LB) tumors, 17.7% had HER2-positive tumors, and 16.0% had basal tumors. At 12.7 years median follow-up, a total of 699 (34.4%) pts had BC recurrence or non-BC events (secondary malignancy or death): LA = 152 (28.8%), LB = 291 (35.5%), HER2- positive = 134 (37.2%), and Basal = 122 (37.4%). Among 2033 pts, no significant differences were observed among the molecular subtypes for time to local recurrence (LA 6.1%, LB 6.7%, HER2 7.8%, basal 6.7%, p = 0.98), contralateral BC (LA 3.4%, LB 4.1%, HER2 2.5%, basal 4.9%; p = 0.36), and non-BC events (LA 12%, LB 10%, HER2 8.3%, basal 7.7%; p=0.39). Patients with LB disease had more bone recurrences (LB 5.5%, LA 2.5%, HER2 3.3%, basal 1.8%; p=0.004). The patterns over time of soft tissue nodes and visceral recurrence varied according to the adjuvant treatment received (interaction tests P Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-13-01.
Monitoring Status of Primary and Secondary School Students' Absence From Class for Illness in Jiangsu

Objective To learn pathogeny of students' absence from class for illness and rule of student infectious diseases among primary and secondary school students in Jiangsu,and to provide basis for strengthening students' absence from class for illness monitoring and setting up an effective monitoring model.Methods Seven districts in Jiangsu were selected as monitoring site,all of the primary and secondary schools in this 7 sites were involved.Except part of schools in Shenyang district of Yancheng,all the other schools' monitoring date of students' absence from class for illness were reported through health information system network.Results During the school year of 2007.9-2008.6,the main diseases causing students' absence from class for illness in primary and secondary school in Jiangsu were cold(37.72%),chickenpox(15.82%),disservice(6.94%),gastrointestinal diseases(5.93%) and parotitis(5.33%). The main pathogenic factor was infectious diseases(64.77%). The peak of students' absence from class for illness were December and March to May.Conclusion The key to ensure students' physical health are strengthening prevention against common diseases and adopting comprehensive intervention measures.
Cuidador Familiar de Paciente com Afecção Neurológica Family Care Providers of Neurologically Affected Patients

This is a qualitative exploratory research that aimed to identify and learn the meaning of being a family care provider of a neurologically affected patient. Twenty-one family care providers of both sexes were interviewed at the clinical hospital of University Vale do Sapucaí and at their homes. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews, which were recorded and transcribed. The methodological guidelines of the Collective Subject Discourse were used to select the central ideas and corresponding key expressions, from which the care providers’ discourses were extracted. The following representations were identified about the event of being a care provider: “to provide care”, “affection and responsibility”, “act of love”, “mission and vocation”, “obligation” and “difficulty”. In this study, the positive and negative senses inherent in the task of family care provider were confirmed.