Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Some Children Left Behind: Variation in the Effects of an Educational Intervention

We document substantial variation in the effects of a highly-effective literacy program in northern Uganda. The program increases test scores by 1.4 SDs on average, but standard statistical bounds show that the impact standard deviation exceeds 1.0 SD. This implies that the variation in effects across our students is wider than the spread of mean effects across all randomized evaluations of developing country education interventions in the literature. This very effective program does indeed leave some students behind. At the same time, we do not learn much from our analyses that attempt to determine which students benefit more or less from the program. We reject rank preservation, and the weaker assumption of stochastic increasingness leaves wide bounds on quantile-specific average treatment effects. Neither conventional nor machine-learning approaches to estimating systematic heterogeneity capture more than a small fraction of the variation in impacts given our available candidate moderators.
Collapse of a Common North American Bat Species An Emerging Disease Causes Regional Population

clicking here colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others . here following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles (this information is current as of August 5, 2010 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at www.sciencemag. org http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/329/5992/679 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/329/5992/679/DC1 can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/329/5992/679#otherarticles , 7 of which can be accessed for free: cites 21 articles This article http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/329/5992/679#otherarticles 1 articles hosted by HighWire Press; see: cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/ecology Ecology : subject collections This article appears in the following
Survey on Classification of Brain Tumor using Wavelet Transform and PNN

 Abstract — This paper presents, a new method for Brain Tumor Classification using Probabilistic Neural Network with Discrete Wavelet Transformation is proposed. Human inspection was the conventional method available for computerized tomography, magnetic resonance brain images classification and tumor detection. The classification methods that are operator assisted are impractical incase of large amount of data that are also non reproducible. Operator performance leads to serious inaccuracies in classification by producing noise in Computerized Tomography and Magnetic Resonance images. Neural Network techniques has shown great potential in the field of medical diagnosis. Hence, in this paper the Probabilistic Neural Network with Discrete Wavelet Transform was applied for classification of brain tumors. Classification was performed in two steps, i) Dimensionality reduction and Feature extraction using the Discrete Wavelet Transform and ii) classification using Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN). Evaluation was performed on image data base of Brain Tumor images. The proposed method gives better accuracy when compared to previous methods of classification.
Assessment of Adaptive Step Size INC MPPT Algorithm for Standalone and Grid Connected PV Applications

In this paper, photovoltaic (PV) plant module is used for compensating power demand in both cases i.e. standalone and grid connected system. This task is performed by an advanced incremental conductance MPPT algorithm, which provides a current or voltage reference to the converter. The paper provides two simulink based designs; one for standalone system supplying DC load and another for grid connected full-bridge pulse width-modulated inverter that is cascaded and injects synchronized AC current to the grid. In the grid connected system a current controller along with voltage regulator is used to regulate the grid current. A PV module with boost converter is demonstrated for standalone system and for a 100kW grid. Simulation results verify the validity and performance of the circuit operations, MPPT control algorithm. Keywords—Grid, Incremental conductance, MPPT Photovoltaic array, Standalone system.
Behavioral and Physiological Responses of Sogatella furcifera (Homoptera: Delphacidae) to Selected Resistant and Susceptible Rice Cultivars

Various behavioral and physiological responses involved in establishment of a planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horvath), on rice cultivars with diverse resistance genes were investigated. The cultivars tested were resistant ‘Muskhan 41’ ( Wbph 1), ‘N22’ ( Wbph 1), ‘N32’ ( Wbph 1), ‘ARC 10239’ ( Wbph 2), ‘ADR 52’ ( Wbph 3), ‘Podiwi A8’ ( Wbph 4), ‘wc 1240’ ( Wbph 1 + 1 recessive ? ), ‘Colombo’ ( Wbph 2 + 1 recessive ? ), ‘IR2035-117-3’ ( Wbph 1 + Wbph 2), and the susceptible ‘Taichung Native l’ (TN1) (no resistance gene). In a free-choice test, the orientational response of S. furcifera females due to visual attraction was identical on resistant and susceptible cultivars, but after 8 h, significantly more individuals settled on susceptible TNI plants than on resistant ones. The quantity of food ingested and assimilated by S. furcifera on resistant cultivars was significantly less than on susceptible TN1;. The suitability of TN1 plants for S. furcifera growth was highest among all test cultivars. A significant reduction in adult survival and fecundity, egg hatchability, and population increase was observed on resistant plants compared with susceptible TN1; however, oviposition was not affected. A comparison of the relative intensity of S. furcifera responses toward different resistant cultivars revealed that ‘IR2035-117-3’ was least suitable for the insect’s establishment, whereas ‘Podiwi A8’ had the lowest level of resistance.
Emma Wolverton (1889–1978)

to show that intellectual disability is hereditary. researchers in the psychology working to understand differences in people’s intellectual abilities. They the term feeble-minded to refer to those they described as having lower intellectual functioning. Wolverton spent nearly her entire life living and working in institutions for the feeble-minded, more recent investigations of her life show she was not what is now considered intellectually disabled. Wolverton’s Goddard’s research as Deborah Kallikak influenced twentieth century ideas around the heritability and treatment of those with disabilities. the the the eugenicists’ behavior eugenics the improving a human by
Motivational Strategies in Interventions for Intimate Partner Violence Offenders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Previous research suggests that the inclusion of motivational strategies in interventions for intimate partner violence (IPV) offenders could increase their effectiveness. This review evaluated the effectiveness of interventions for IPV offenders that includes motivational strategies to reduce physical and psychological IPV, treatment dropout, official recidivism to IPV offending, and to increase intervention attendance dose. The present systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using PRISMA guidelines. The following databases were searched from 1983 to 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions for IPV offenders that incorporated motivational strategies for adult participants that included men and included IPV behaviors as outcomes: Cochrane Collaboration, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL. A total 1,134 studies were identified, 12 RCTs were included in the narrative review and 7 in the meta-analysis. Results indicated that IPV interventions that incorporated motivational strategies were significantly more effective in increasing the intervention dose and reducing dropout than interventions without motivational strategies. IPV offenders receiving interventions with motivational strategies were 1.73 times less likely to intervention dropout compared to those in interventions without such strategies. For physical and psychological IPV and official recidivism (e.g., rearrests, police record), evidence favored interventions with motivational strategies, although not significantly. These findings have important practical implications, especially considering the high dropout rates in IPV offender programs and the link between dropout and higher rates of recidivism.
A SMOOTHED BOOTSTRAP APPROACH FOR MONTE CARLO GENERATION OF N SPATIALLY CORRELATED GRAPHS OF ANNUAL FLOW DURATION OR CUMULATIVE DISCHARGE

It is common for river discharges in the same or adjacent river basins to be spatially correlated because the flows are generated from the same precipitation systems passing over the region. This correlation needs to be incorporated when simulating general seasonal flow patterns at N different sites for input to models of multi-tributary or multiriver engineering schemes. However, it is often difficult to generate sets of correlated discharge variables which maintain a good description of the correlation relations seen in the flow record. As a means around this difficulty, a smoothed bootstrap approach is advocated by which the original record of correlated discharge observations is interpreted as a sequence of realizations from an unknown N-variate multivariate distribution. A nonparametric estimate of this unknown distribution is obtained via a multivariate kernel approach by which N-variate normal distributions are located over each of the original data vectors. Simulation then reduces to a two-step process for a given realization. First, (i) any one of the multivariate normal distributions is selected at random, and (ii) a set of N correlated discharges is simulated from that distribution. This two-step process is particularly simple and requires only the generation of multivariate normal random variables. The method has the potential for extension to large values of N, regardless of the complexity of the correlation structure in the original data. This represents an improvement over the copula approach which can have difficulty in representing complex correlations as N increases. The smoothed bootstrap approach is illustrated with simulation of correlated annual cumulative inflows into two adjacent hydro storage lakes in the South Island of New Zealand. A similar approach is applicable to simulating correlated annual flow duration curves or indeed to simulating any set of correlated variables for which there is an existing data record.
Verification of the analytical equation for power penalty measurement in OXADM device

This paper presents a computational investigation of OXADM device for measuring power penalty. The OXADM are located in the nodes, which have more than two switching directions in ring networks. The function of OXADM is to flexibly switch the wavelengths among the different input and output ports. Because of the OXADM’s imperfect performance, the insertion loss and crosstalk are induced in the system. This paper highlights the verification of analytical modeling method which is used to analyze the OXADM structure in crosstalk or leakage power that leads to the power penalty. The power penalty depends on few parameters but our investigation here focused on a number of operating wavelengths input and output ports, ratio of optical power as well as, the Q factor. The variation of this parameters will affect the amount of the desired power penalty.
Free Space Optical Communication System at Different Atmospheric Turbulence for Diverse Temperature Conditions

The effect of atmospheric turbulence over optical wave propagation has been an area of research. The majority of effort in this area has been focused on a vertical propagation path system for astronomical imaging and observations. However, during last few years the study of horizontal laser beam propagation has increased due its applications on new laser communications technology and low altitude astronomical observations. This paper is focused on identifying and studying the relationship between local climate and the refractive index structure constant and characterize the effects of atmospheric turbulence on optical beams propagating horizontally through the atmosphere.
The Labour Market for Native and International Phd Students: Similarities, Differences, and the Role of (University) Employers

This paper studies the labour market outcomes of native and foreign PhD graduates staying as migrants in Australia, using data on career destinations over the period 1999-2015. Natives with an English-speaking background emerge as benefiting from positive employer discrimination, especially if graduating in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), for which they receive a premium that is unrelated to observed characteristics such as gender, age, and previous work experience. In contrast, foreign PhD graduates with a non-English speaking background experience worse labour market outcomes, especially if they work in the university sector. Acquiring education in the host country does not appear to eliminate uneven labour market outcomes between natives and foreigners. JEL classification: I26, J24, J31, J61
Part-Aware Product Design Using Deep Generative Network

We propose a data-driven generative design framework that can facilitate the design exploration of engineering products in support of creative conceptual design and optimization. The framework consists of two modules: 1) a 3D mesh generative design module that can generate part-aware 3D objects using variational auto-encoder (VAE), and 2) an evaluation module that can assess the engineering performance of 3D objects in real-time based on locally linear embedding (LLE) [1]. The novelty of our framework lies in three aspects. First, it generates 3D shapes with the consideration of individual parts’ interconnection and constraints (i.e., part-aware) as opposed to generating a holistic 3D shape. Second, it transfers 3D shapes to watertight meshes with the same connectivity (i.e., the same number of vertices and the same way how vertices are connected) so that the surface details (e.g., smoothness, curvature) can be captured by mesh representation and learned by neural networks. Third, the LLE-based solver can quickly assess the engineering performance of the generated 3D shapes to realize real-time evaluation. In this study, we apply our framework to the aerodynamic car design.
Tissue Perfusion Monitoring in Anesthetic Conduction of Risk Patients in Limited Resource Scenarios

The main objective of the anesthesiologist during surgery is to ensure adequate tissue perfusion. To guide the anesthetic-surgical process, the anesthesiologist uses non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques, according to the clinical judgment of the risk associated with the physical condition of the patient and the size of the surgery, which allow measuring and monitoring ventilation, oxygenation, cardiovascular function, temperature, metabolism, level of muscle relaxation and state of consciousness of the patient. Achieving the best hemodynamic coupling or coherence between macro and microcirculation will ultimately determine the good end result in high-risk surgical patients. To evaluate the proper functioning of the microvasculature, the comparative measurement of hemogasometric variables taken in arterial blood and central venous blood samples (called arterio-venous oxygen and carbon dioxide differences, lactate levels and venous saturation) is postulated. It is known that all of them document the interactions between systemic blood flow, tissue supply and oxygen consumption.
Lepton Residual Symmetries

Abstract Some aspects concerning the flavor symmetry were studied. Two approaches are discussed to deal with flavor symmetry. The desired lepton mixing matrix determines the flavor symmetry group up to a certain representation. The dependence of the lepton mixing matrix on the representation of the symmetry group accounts for the differences between models used the same symmetry group. We discuss the connection between the two approaches to fix flavor assignments and alignments of flavor vacuum. Another approach is called bottom- up or the residual symmetry approach, at which the lepton mass matrices are considered to have remnant symmetry of breaking discrete group. The goal of this approach is to get this discrete group.
Numerical stability of coupled differential equation with piecewise constant arguments

This paper deals with the stability of numerical solutions for a coupled differential equation with piecewise constant arguments. A sufficient condition such that the system is asymptotically stable is derived. Furthermore, when the linear -method is applied to this system, it is shown that the linear -method is asymptotically stable if and only if . Finally, some numerical experiments are given.
ADAPTATIONS OF THE SCHENKERIAN ANALYSIS TO POST-TONAL MUSIC

Heinrich Schenker restricted his analytical application to the baroque to romantic German repertoire. As a result, a series of theorists attempted to apply his approaches beyond this range. In view of that, one has to consider the extent to which Schenkerian analysis may provide information regarding post-tonal music. Therefore, analysts have to begin with Schenker’s own ideas about analysis to show how they are not abandoned in the analysis of post-tonal music and then examine the literature that offers insight into this theoretical issue.
Triple Phase Protection Technique to Prevent SQL Injection Attacks

Any kind of threat to the data, an indispensable asset for an organization, implies the whole organization is in jeopardy. Therefore, protecting the underlying database is the most critical issue for corporations, especially, those dealing with personal information of users such as applications for banking, shares, e-commerce etc. Of all the attacks, SQL Injection Attack (SQLIA) is considered to be one of the top threats to the databases. We have shown the recent scenario of injection attacks which clearly depicts the requirement of improvement in this field of study. Through the user interface provided by the web application, the attacker injects malicious code to get access to the database. In this work, we have proposed a multi-layered approach to prevent the web applications from various SQLIA. This approach consists of an input inspection after which a phase of query splitting follows. And finally we have a method of query categorization. The proposed approach is an attempt to intercept SQLIA types of a particular kind. This method focuses on eradicating attacks which use SQL operators to inject malicious code. We have also made evaluation of the proposed technique based on certain valuable parameters.
Perspectives and experiences on the development and inno‐ vation of agricultural aviation and precision agriculture from the Mississippi Delta and recommendations for China

Crop production management has advanced into the stage of smart agriculture, which is driven by state-ofthe-art agricultural information technology, intelligent equipment and massive data resources. Smart agriculture in‐ herits ideas from precision agriculture and brings agricultural production and management from mechanization and informalization to intelligentization with automatization. Precision agriculture has been developed from strategic monitoring operations in the 1980s to tactical monitoring and control operations in the 2010s. In its development, ag‐ ricultural aviation has played a key role in serving systems for spray application of crop protection and production materials for precision agriculture with the guidance of global navigation through geospatial prescription mapping derived from remotely-sensed data. With the development of modernized agriculture, agricultural aviation is even more important for advancing precision agricultural practices with more efficient soil and plant health sensing and more prompt and effective system actuation and action. This paper overviews the status of agricultural aviation for precision agriculture to move toward smart agriculture, especially in the Mississippi Delta region, one of the most important agricultural areas in the U.S. The research and development by scientists associated with the Mississippi Delta region are reported. The issues, challenges and opportunities are identified and discussed for further research and development of agricultural aviation technology for next-generation precision agriculture and smart agriculture.
MOBILE VIRTUAL NETWORK OPERATOR (MVNO) IN INDONESIA: COMPETITIVE BUSINESS ANALYSIS USING PORTER 5 FORCES MODEL

In this paper, the competitive business analysis of MVNO implementation in Indonesia using Porter 5 Forces Model is proposed. Porter 5 forces model is one of the most often used as business strategy tools and has proven its usefullness on numerous ocassione. The model of pure competition implies that risk-adjusted rates of return should be constant across firms and industries. However, numerous economic studies have affirmed that different industries can sustain different levels of profitability; part of this difference is explained by industry structure. The analysis consist of the intensity of rivalvy among existing player, threat of new entrant, bargaining power of supplier, bargaining power of buyer and threat of substitution. The analysis is needed in order to formulate strategy to face existing micro environment condition within the mobile industries in Indonesia. By using porter 5 forces analysis for MVNO implementation in Indonesia, the results show that the competitive profit in MVNO business in Indonesia is low. Several strategies need to be proposed in order to achieve the better competition positioning for Indonesia’s telecommunication industry. The decreasing bargaining power and subscribers of mobile network operator need to be proposed for MVNO developing in Indonesia.
A Tool to Model and Simulate Dynamic Business Models

Software tools hold great promise to support the modeling, analyzing, and innovation of business models. Current tools only focus on the design of business models and do not incorporate the complexity of existing interdependencies between business model components. These tools merely allow simulating inherent dynamics within the models or different strategic decision scenarios. In this research, we use design science research to develop a prototype that is capable of modeling and simulating dynamic business models. We use system dynamics as a simulation approach and containers to allow deployment as web applications. This paper represents the first of three design cycles, realizing six out of 59 requirements that are collected from the literature on software tools for business models. We contribute toward the design of novel artifacts for business model innovation as well as their evaluation. Future research can use these results to build tools that consider and address the complexity of business models. Lastly, we present several options for extending the proposed tool in the future.
Modified atomic number dependence of total bremsstrahlung spectra in compounds

The total bremsstrahlung (BS) generated in compounds of BaCl2 . 2H2 O, CuCl2. 2H2 O, Pb(CH3 COO)2 . 3H2 O, PbCl2 , Pb(NO3)2 , and CuSO4 . 5H2 O by 90 Sr was investigated using a Si(Li) detector to determine the dependence of the BS spectra on the modified atomic number (Zmod) of compounds in the photon energy range of 1–100 keV. A continuous decrease in the Zmod dependence of the bremsstrahlung spectra in the energy range of 1–30 keV was observed, followed by a slow increase thereafter, i.e. in the range of 30–100 keV. The stronger Zmod dependence of the spectra at low photon energy was expected to be the result of the high intensity of polarization bremsstrahlung (PB) at low photon energy, increased interference of ordinary bremsstrahlung and PB, and interference by bremsstrahlung from different atoms of the compounds in these compounds.