Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analisis Dampak Implementasi Sistem Enterprise Resource Planning (Erp) terhadap Efektivitas Pengendalian Internal Bumn dalam Pelaporan Keuangan di Indonesia

Indonesia’s State-Owned Enterprise corporations nowadays are demanded to improve their internal control system effectiveness by creating a Good Corporate Governance as the result of the implementation of Keputusan Menteri BUMN Nomor 117 Tahun 2002. Therefore, many State-Owned Enterprise firms conducted ERP implementation into their business process as one of their information technology strategy. This study aims to analyze the effect of ERP systems implementation on the existence of internal control weaknesses over State-Owned Enterprise firms’ financial reporting in Indonesia. The samples of this research consisted of fifty four State-Owned Enterprise firms which had conducted operating business activities in 2010 and 2011, either have or have not announced implementation of ERP systems. Purposive sampling was used to select the control firms. Logistic regression was run by IBM SPSS software for data analysis and hypothesis examination, for instance Ogneva et al. (2007). Result of this study indicated that implementation of ERP systems contributes a positive influence, which is significant to the effectiveness of internal controls over State-Owned Enterprise firms’ financial reporting.
Towards a practical application of innovation theory for financial services firms - a quick step from academy to tooling

Managers in companies should also keep track of multiple sources of innovation. They need to look out for new technologies, listen to customers, collect ideas from employees, follow rules and regulations and find ideas in other markets and other industries (eg Dosi, 1982 and von Hippel, 1988). The skills needed to manage innovations are different depending on the type of innovation (eg Benner & Tushman, 2003 and Henderson & Clark, 1990).
Long-term outcome of decompressive hemicraniectomy in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction: a prospective observational study.

BACKGROUND Malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Decompressive hemicraniectomy (DH) reduces mortality significantly but evidence for long-term functional benefit is sparse and contradictory. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 patients with malignant MCA infarction were prospectively enrolled. 36 (60%) patients underwent DH and 24 (40%) patients received best medical therapy alone. Both groups were followed-up for 1 year for improvement in disability and aphasia using modified Rankin score (mRS) and Western Aphasia Battery respectively. Good outcome was defined as mRS ≤ 3. Secondary analysis using mRS ≤ 4 was also performed. RESULTS An absolute risk reduction of 45% was observed in mortality at 1 year; 38% (14/36) in the surgical group died versus 83% (20/24) in the medical group. Good outcome at 1 year was achieved in 20% (7/35) patients in the surgical group compared with none in the medical group (P = 0.025). Repeated measures regression suggested increased proportion of patients improving over time (discharge, 3, 6 and 12 months). Surgery reduced the odds of moderate to severe disability (mRS ≥ 4) by 93.5% (odds ratio: 0.064, 95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.045, P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS DH in malignant MCA infarction not only reduces mortality but also increases chances of a better functional outcome. The benefit of surgery in motor and aphasia recovery is progressive and sustained until 1 year.
Vaccines for the prevention of respiratory viral infections: problems and current status

Acute respiratory virus infections cause the majority of lower respiratory tract illnesses and hospitalisations of infants and the elderly. The emergence of new respiratory viruses and a high probability that influenza will cause further pandemics highlights the necessity for developing better preventative strategies. Although there is a clear and pressing need for vaccines to prevent respiratory syncytial virus, rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, parainfluenza and human metapneumovirus, progress has been extremely slow. This review presents the current status of vaccine development for respiratory viral diseases and outlines novel approaches for the future.
Mathematical Modelling and Comparative Analysis of PWM Techniques for Photovoltaic Fed HERIC Inverter

Grid connected photovoltaic inverters play an important role to achieve an effective and efficient system with reduced total cost of the system. The photovoltaic inverters convert the dc source and delivered into the ac system. The main aim of this paper is to analyse the performance of HERIC inverter for photovoltaic applications for different Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) techniques. The two different reference signals such as sinusoidal reference signal and trapezoidal reference signal are used. A triangular carrier signal is compared with those reference signals and generates PWM pulses. The mathematical model of HERIC inverter is developed using MATLAB/Simulink. The performance indexes used in this comparison are THD, fundamental output voltage and RMS value of output voltage.
Analysis of genetic polymorphism in the phospholipase region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

mtp40 was originally identified as a short genomic region that was found in strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis but not in Mycobacterium bovis. Subsequent studies have revealed that the sequence is part of the mpcA gene, which encodes a phospholipase C. To investigate further the distribution of the mtp40 sequence, we analyzed strains of the M. tuberculosis complex by PCR and were able to amplify the mtp40 sequence in 90 of 94 strains of M. tuberculosis and in 2 strains of Mycobacterium microti but not in M. bovis or M. bovis BCG. Based on this, we developed a dot blot assay using genomic DNA which allows M. bovis to be distinguished from the majority of M. tuberculosis strains. We also probed Southern blots of 140 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis to determine the frequency of strains lacking mtp40. This revealed an unexpected polymorphism in the phospholipase region. Two fragments were detected in 57% of samples. The expected fragment of 0.75 kbp corresponds to the region of mpcA containing mtp40. A 2.1-kbp fragment was observed to belong to a recently discovered second phospholipase gene, mpcB. In addition, some strains appeared to lack both genes, while others showed only the presence of mpcA. A few strains had additional bands, suggesting the existence of other homologs to the two phospholipase genes. We also detected the insertion of IS6110 in the mpcA coding region of one strain. The absence of these genes in some clinical isolates raises questions about their function during infection and in the development of tuberculosis disease in humans.
Future organisation and financing of transport infrastructure

In Sweden, annual investments in roads and railroads amount to about one per cent of GDP. Whether these investments should be greater, smaller or unchanged is a question that is often discussed. Related to this is the issue of who should be responsible for these investments. Sweden's central government has long had a dominant role in the sphere of transport infrastructure, and considerable government involvement is often taken as a matter of course. What role central government should have in transport infrastructure investments, and whether there is justification for involving the private sector to a greater extent than is the case today, are questions that have been of interest to the Expert Group on Public Economics (ESO). A first step towards investigating this is to study how investments have changed over time in Sweden and to map international developments. For this reason, the ESO commissioned Bjorn Hasselgren to study exactly that. In the report, the author establishes that the role of central government is influenced by several different trends. The importance of international cooperation projects is growing at the same time as new regional structures are emerging. Technological developments also enable new financing solutions, such as the employment of user fees. Partly for this reason, the author argues, it is important for the role of central government as owner and financier to be reviewed and reconsidered. The report draws the picture of an international trend where fee financing is assuming greater and greater significance in relation to tax financing and where countries are testing new forms of organisation to a relatively large extent. The analysis results in a number of proposals that highlight various forms of collaboration between public and private actors. The author also believes that existing regulations must become more flexible in terms of increased competition and the use of alternative forms of financing.
Osteogenic differentiation of adipose derived stem cells on high and low aspect ratio micropatterns

Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) were cultured on collagen–silk fibroin films with microchannel and micropillar patterns to investigate the effects of cell morphology changes on osteogenic differentiation. Channel and pillar micropatterned films were prepared from collagen type I and silk fibroin. While higher ADSC proliferation profiles were obtained on micropillar blend film, microchannel blend films, however, caused twice higher aspect ratio and effective orientation of cells. Alkaline phosphatase activity of ADSCs was several times higher on microchannel surface when the measured activities were normalized to cell number. Effective deposition of collagen type I and mineral by the cells were observed for patterned and unpatterned films, and these extracellular matrix components were oriented along the axis of the microchannels. In conclusion, the use of collagen–fibroin blend film with microchannel topography increased the aspect ratio and alignment of cells significantly, and was also effective in the differentiation of ADSCs into osteogenic lineage
Analysis of Medical Expenditures and Service Use of Medicaid Buy-In Participants, 2002-2005 (Executive Summary)

Congress established the Medicaid Buy-In program when it passed the Balanced Budget Act (BBA) of 1997 and the Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act (Ticket Act) of 1999. Under the program, so named because participants â€œbuy intoâ€ Medicaid by paying monthly premiums or co-payments, states can offer Medicaid coverage to workers with disabilities whose income and assets would otherwise make them ineligible for Medicaid. To enroll in the program, individuals must have a disability as defined by the Social Security Administration (SSA) and meet certain work and financial eligibility requirements.
Marketing of Digital Products

Title of Dissertation: Marketing of Digital Products Nevena Taneva Koukova, Doctor of Philosophy, 2005 Dissertation directed by: Professor Brian T. Ratchford and Professor P. K. Kannan Department of Marketing My dissertation comprises of three essays that theoretically and empirically investigate the marketing of digital products, which are information products such as newspapers and books sold in both physical and electronic form. In the first essay, we study product form bundling, defined as marketing two or more forms of the same product as a package. We show experimentally that, regarding information products, the usage situations communicated to consumers moderate the effect of the availability of bundle discount on the purchase likelihood for the product form bundle. We also compare the effect of different pricing strategies for information products. When no bundle discount is offered, the likelihood of buying both forms of an information product, holding the sum of their prices constant, can be increased by pricing the electronic form lower than the print form rather then pricing both at the same level. In the second essay we compare two product strategies that can be used in marketing digital products. Under standard mixed bundling companies offer full content in print and electronic form and the bundle of the two, while under content unbundled mixed bundling companies offer full content in print form, unbundled content in electronic form, and the bundle of the two. Which strategy is more attractive for a company to pursue? We model the profits under these two strategies and outline conditions in which one or the other leads to higher profit. We apply our analytical framework to data from a field experiment implemented on the website of a book publisher. The third essay investigates the attractiveness of complete product lines of items such as books and newspapers. We employ a choice experiment in which a sample of consumers is presented with hypothetical product scenarios asked to make a choice. The data is used to develop a profit-maximizing configuration of products and prices. Similar approaches to the product line pricing problem have been employed for conventional products, but not when bundling of different forms of a product is an option, and not when the different products may be complements rather than substitutes. MARKETING OF DIGITAL PRODUCTS
Cytoskeleton Reorganization Induces the Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Gene via the Ras/Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase (ERK) Signaling Pathway*

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression is induced upon cytoskeletal reorganization (CSR) by a mechanism independent of protein kinase C and cAMP protein kinase in nontransformed renal epithelial (LLC-PK1) cells. This CSR-dependent uPA gene activation is mediated by an AP-1-recognizing element located 2 kilobases upstream of the transcription initiation site. The phosphorylation of c-Jun, a component of AP-1, is induced by CSR, which seems to increase both the activity and stability of c-Jun (Lee, J. S., von der Ahe, D., Kiefer, B., and Nagamine, Y. (1993) Nucleic Acids Res. 21, 3365-3372). It has been shown that c-Jun is phosphorylated by members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, i.e. ERKs and JNKs. ERKs are activated through a growth factor-coupled Ras/Raf-dependent signaling pathway, while JNKs are activated through a stress-induced signaling pathway. Although CSR induces both ERK-2 and JNK activity, JNK does not seem to be involved in the uPA gene induction because UV irradiation, which activates JNK as efficiently as CSR, does not activate the uPA promoter. Further analysis showed the involvement of SOS, Ras, and Raf-1 in the pathway induced by CSR. Our results suggest that cells sense changes in cell morphology using the cytoskeleton as a sensor and respond by activating the ERK-involving signaling pathway from within the cell.
Sensing and Control of Bluetongue Virus Infection in Epithelial Cells via RIG-I and MDA5 Helicases

ABSTRACT Bluetongue virus (BTV), an arthropod-borne member of the Reoviridae family, is a double-stranded RNA virus that causes an economically important livestock disease that has spread across Europe in recent decades. Production of type I interferon (alpha/beta interferon [IFN-α/β]) has been reported in vivo and in vitro upon BTV infection. However, the cellular sensors and signaling pathways involved in this process remain unknown. Here we studied the mechanisms responsible for the production of IFN-β in response to BTV serotype 8. Upon BTV infection of A549 cells, expression of IFN-β and other proinflammatory cytokines was strongly induced at both the protein and mRNA levels. This response appeared to be dependent on virus replication, since exposure to UV-inactivated virus failed to induce IFN-β. We also demonstrated that BTV infection activated the transcription factors IFN regulatory factor 3 and nuclear factor κB. We investigated the role of several pattern recognition receptors in this response and showed that expression of IFN-β was greatly reduced after small-interfering-RNA-mediated knockdown of the RNA helicase encoded by retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) or melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5). In contrast, silencing of MyD88, Toll-like receptor 3, or the recently described DexD/H-box helicase DDX1 sensor had no or a weak effect on IFN-β induction, suggesting that the RIG-I-like receptor pathway is specifically engaged for BTV sensing. Moreover, we also showed that overexpression of either RIG-I or MDA5 impaired BTV expression in infected A549 cells. Overall, this indicates that RIG-I and MDA5 can both contribute to the recognition and control of BTV infection.
Epithelial ovarian cancer: Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment

The leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies in the United States is epithelial ovarian cancer. The significant risk factor for development of ovarian cancer is advancing age, although there is clearly a genetic predisposition—often associated with the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes—in at least 5% to 10% of all epithelial ovarian cancers.
Stakeholder Relationships Management: Effects on Strategy Definition in Social Enterprises - Some Evidences from a Fair Trade Organization in Naples

Managing relationships with all the stakeholders is a central issues in Social Enterprises' management; these enterprises, operating across the faded boundary between for profit and not for profit sectors, overcome having scarce resources trough relationships with other organizations in order to reach success in the society.In our paper we have studied the capability of this class of enterprises to create and sustain relationships under the Stakeholder Theory's concepts and principles of linking enterprise's survival to its management ability of considering those actors that affects or are affected by enterprise actions in their decision making processes. Our empirical studies has focused on the social network, defined trough a snowballing process (degree = 3), insisting on a Social Cooperative in Naples with two world shops and one wholesale warehouse. Each node in the Social Cooperative's egonetwork has been tested for two classical measures of Social Network Analysis (Wasserman and Faust, 1994; Scott, 1991): centrality and proximity. These tests have been later used to compare actors and to analyze if more central or more homophilous actors, those who share similar interests, are better able to influence the social cooperative.Our paper highlights that homophily can better explain stakeholders' effects on the outcomes of strategic decision making processes.
Corticospinal transmission to leg motoneurones in human subjects with deficient glycinergic inhibition

Normal coordinated movement requires that the activity of antagonistic motoneurones may be depressed at appropriate times during the movement. Both glycinergic and GABAergic inhibitory mechanisms participate in this control. Patients with the major form of hyperekplexia (hereditary startle disease) have impaired inhibition of spinal motoneurones from local glycinergic interneurones and represent an ideal opportunity for studying the role of glycinergic inhibition in the control of antagonistic muscles. In the present study we investigated whether impaired glycinergic inhibition affects the corticospinal control of antagonistic spinal motoneurones in 10 patients with hyperekplexia and whether there are mechanisms that may compensate for the lack of glycinergic inhibition. In healthy subjects transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) produced a short‐latency inhibition of the soleus H‐reflex at rest and during tonic dorsiflexion. This inhibition, which has been shown to be mediated by spinal (glycinergic) inhibitory interneurones, was absent in all four patients in whom this experiment was performed. This confirms that glycinergic transmission is impaired in the patients. During voluntary dorsiflexion subthreshold TMS produced a depression of the ongoing EMG activity in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in both healthy subjects and all of the six tested patients. This is consistent with the idea that this EMG depression is caused by activation of cortical (GABAergic) inhibitory interneurones. Cross‐correlation analysis revealed normal short‐term synchronization of TA motor units accompanied by coherence in the 8‐12 Hz and 18‐35 Hz frequency bands in the 10 patients. As in healthy subjects, 8‐12 Hz coherence accompanied by decreased tendency to discharge synchronously (de‐synchronization) was found in recordings from the antagonistic TA and soleus muscles in 2 of the 10 patients. This suggests that glycinergic inhibition is not responsible for de‐synchronization of antagonistic motor units, but that other GABAergic‐inhibitory mechanisms must be involved. We propose that such mechanisms may compensate for the lack of glycinergic reciprocal inhibition in the hyperekplectic patients and explain why voluntary movements are not more severely affected.
Histophilus somni host–parasite relationships

Abstract Histophilus somni (Haemophilus somnus) is one of the key bacterial pathogens involved in the multifactorial etiology of the Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex. This Gram negative pleomorphic rod also causes bovine septicemia, thrombotic meningencephalitis, myocarditis, arthritis, abortion and infertility, as well as disease in sheep, bison and bighorn sheep. Virulence factors include lipooligosaccharide, immunoglobulin binding proteins (as a surface fibrillar network), a major outer membrane protein (MOMP), other outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and exopolysaccharide. Histamine production, biofilm formation and quorum sensing may also contribute to pathogenesis. Antibodies are very important in protection as shown in passive protection studies. The lack of long-term survival of the organism in macrophages, unlike facultative intracellular bacteria, also suggests that antibodies should be critical in protection. Of the immunoglobulin classes, IgG2 antibodies are most implicated in protection and IgE antibodies in immunopathogenesis. The immunodominant antigen recognized by IgE is the MOMP and by IgG2 is a 40 kDa OMP. Pathogenetic synergy of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and H. somni in calves can be attributed, in part at least, to the higher IgE anti-MOMP antibody responses in dually infected calves. Other antigens are probably involved in stimulating host defense or immunopathology as well.
Relaying techniques for cooperative communication systems

Recently, it has been shown that cooperative communication schemes can solve many of the issues faced by future broadband WWAN and WLAN networks. It is a novel communication concept based on resource sharing and coordination among units of wireless network, which enables significant performance improvements in terms of coverage, data rates, capacity, link reliability and spectral efficiency. This paper gives detailed explanations of relay aided communication concept, with the description of techniques applied for the message processing and/or forwarding at the relay stations. A focus of attention is given to: amplify-and-forward with either fixed gain (AF FG) or variable gain (AF VG) and decode-and-forward (DF) relaying techniques. Adequate analytical models, leading towards BER and capacity graphs, are also presented. Further on, assuming a wireless channel with Rayleigh fading, comparisons of the presented relaying techniques are performed, enabling identification of optimal signal transmission scenarios for cooperative communication systems.