Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lateral Ankle Reconstruction

In an augmented reconstruction of the lateral structures of an unstable ankle, the use of a free tendon graft has tremendous advantages over the use of the peroneus brevis tendon. Avoidance of weakening the important ankle evertors as well as length limitations of a split peroneus brevis graft makes a free tissue source attractive. Anatomic reconstructions for ankle instability utilizing tissue augmentation has gained recent popularity. In any augmented reconstructive procedure about the ankle an anatomic reconstruction of the involved ankle ligaments is necessary. The use of a modified Brostrom procedure underlines this anatomic principle, but in our experience adequate capsular tissue for reefing is frequently lacking, as well as the need to address the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL). Colville and others-v have noted the difficulties associated with nonanatomic reconstructions utilizing a tenodesis of the peroneus brevis as a component of such surgical augmentations. The morbidity however of ankle eversion weakness makes avoidance of the peroneus brevis the next step in ligamentous augmentation about the ankle. Furthermore, the use of a split peroneus brevis tendon is frequently inadequate in length characteristics for routing through bony tunnels. Thus the current generation of anatomic ankle ligamentous reconstruction, in our opinion, involves a free tendon graft. Paterson and colleaques" reported the use of a free
An optically transparent wideband High Impedance Surface

This paper presents an optically transparent wideband High Impedance Surface (HIS) at 5 GHz. The surface is designed on acrylic substrate. Results show a good matching between the proposed circuit model, EM simulations, and measurements. The ±90° BW is 1 GHz (from 4.5 to 5.5 GHz) and the optical transparency is 80%.
The Conformal TDFIT-PIC Method Using a New Extraction of Conformal Information (ECI) Technique

To overcome the staircase error in traditional plasma simulation methods, a hybrid conformal algorithm of the time-domain finite-integration theorem with particle-in-cell (TDFIT-PIC) method is presented. In addition, a new extraction of conformal information (ECI) technique is proposed for implementation. With our ECI technique, the naturally conformal superiority of TDFIT can be used to deal with the curved objects, and the staircase error of the geometric boundary in the traditional PIC simulation can be reduced. Two numerical examples are given to validate the proposed TDFIT-PIC method. In these examples, the staircase error in the particle simulation is successfully eliminated, and higher accuracy is achieved. Furthermore, some numerical examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the presented method, and the results are verified by experiments.
Changes in size of normal lateral ventricles during aging determined by computerized tomography

One hundred thirty-five normal volunteers were examined by computerized tomography (CT) and their ventricular size was measured by planimetry. A pattern of change in ventricular size from the first through the ninth decades was discerned and quantified. A gradually progressive increase in ventricular size from the first through sixth decades was followed by a dramatic increase in the eighth and ninth. The range of normal ventricular size was relatively more wide in the eighth and ninth decades than in the first seven; thus, abnormalities of ventricular size may be more easily identified in younger than older subjects. These data are more valuable than those from pneumoencephalography or autopsy studies because CT is not subject to the artifact inherent in those procedures.
Radiotherapy Enhances Antitumor Effect of Anti-CD137 Therapy in a Mouse Glioma Model

Abstract Previously, we reported that peripheral vaccination of mice with modified autologous tumor cells secreting granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) combined with ionizing radiation to the whole brain cured 50% of mice using a syngeneic, intracranial model of murine high-grade glioma. Here, we tested the combination of radiotherapy (4 Gy × 2) with an immunotherapeutic approach using an anti-CD137 antibody directed to the co-stimulatory molecule CD137. The CD137 antibody has shown promise in generating effective antitumor responses in several animal models and has demonstrated a favorable toxicity profile in the clinic. The combination of radiation and anti-CD137 therapy resulted in complete tumor eradication and prolonged survival in six of nine (67%) mice with established brain tumors (P = 0.0009). Five of six (83%) long-term survivors in the combination group demonstrated antitumor immunity by rejecting challenge tumors. Antitumor immunity was associated with an increased number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in brain tumors and increased tumor-specific production of γIFN. In view of the finding that radiation enhanced the antitumor effect of anti-CD137 therapy, this approach should be studied further for clinical translation.
Implementations of adaptive IIR filters with lowest complexity

The problem of implementing adaptive IIR filters of minimum complexity is considered. The complexity is determined by the number of multiplications in the implementation of the structures generating both the adaptive filter output and the sensitivities to be used in any gradient-based algorithm. This complexity is independent of the specific adaptive algorithm used. It is established that the sensitivity generation requires a minimum of N additional states, where N is the order of the filter, and that the lowest complexity is /sub 3/N+1 multiplications. This result is used to show minimum complexity implementations of direct-form and cascade-form adaptive IIR filters.
Conducted noise reduction of totem-pole bridgeless PFC converter using GaN HEMTs

The common mode (CM) noise mechanism of totem-pole bridgeless PFC converter is analyzed in this paper. The conducted noise performance of a bridgeless totem-pole PFC converter using GaN HEMTs is investigated under experimental conditions: 230V ac input, 390V dc output, and 50kHz switching frequency. The CM noise located around the input voltage zero-crossing of the converter is noticed to be significant. Therefore, a conducted noise reduction method is proposed in this paper. Experimental results showed that the conducted noise has been suppressed efficiently without deteriorating the converter's efficiency.
The changing ecology of murine (endemic) typhus in Southern California.

Abstract A shift in the distribution of cases of murine typhus in man from central Los Angeles to areas in eastern Los Angeles and Orange counties, California, has been recognized over the past 20 years. The absence of the classic flea vector, Xenopsylla cheopis, and of Rattus norvegicus seropositive for murine typhus in these foothill areas suggested that other transmission cycles were involved. During 1967, a field study was conducted in an endemic area of eastern Orange County. Serum was obtained from 443 of 477 animals (14 species), and ectoparasites were obtained from 401 animals. Serum-antibody tests were positive only for eight of 75 opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) and one of seven skunks (Mephitis mephitis). All ectoparasites tested were negative for rickettsiae, but Rickettsia typhi was isolated from the spleen of one seropositive opossum trapped at the residence of a person with typhus. The association of seropositive opossums with human cases, and the heavy infestations of the animals with Ctenocephalides felis fleas, which readily bite man, suggested that opossums and their ectoparasites are responsible for some of the sporadic cases of typhus in man.
Accelerating XML Query Processing on Views

With the widespread use of the eXtensible Markup Language (XML), more and more applications store and query XML documents in XML database systems. Thus, how to efficiently process a query and find the specified patterns conforming the query from XML documents is a crucial issue. In this paper, some processing methods are employed on XML documents to improve document retrieval. First, a materialized view is built from an original document for each query. Then, on each materialized view, auxiliary structures such as T-Bitmap and indexes are also built to further accelerate query processing. Finally, four experiments are conducted to show the superiority of the proposed approach.
Low-level laser therapy enhances the stability of orthodontic mini-implants via bone formation related to BMP-2 expression in a rat model.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the stimulatory effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the stability of mini-implants in rat tibiae. BACKGROUND DATA In adolescent patients, loosening is a notable complication of mini-implants used to provide anchorage in orthodontic treatments. Previously, the stimulatory effects of LLLT on bone formation were reported; here, it was examined whether LLLT enhanced the stability of mini-implants via peri-implant bone formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-eight titanium mini-implants were placed into both tibiae of 6-week-old male rats. The mini-implants in the right tibia were subjected to LLLT of gallium-aluminium-arsenide laser (830 nm) once a day during 7 days, and the mini-implants in the left tibia served as nonirradiated controls. At 7 and 35 days after implantation, the stability of the mini-implants was investigated using the diagnostic tool (Periotest). New bone volume around the mini-implants was measured on days 3, 5, and 7 by in vivo microfocus CT. The gene expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 in bone around the mini-implants was also analyzed using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. The data were statistically analyzed using Student's t test. RESULTS Periotest values were significantly lower (0.79- to 0.65-fold) and the volume of newly formed bone was significantly higher (1.53-fold) in the LLLT group. LLLT also stimulated significant BMP-2 gene expression in peri-implant bone (1.92-fold). CONCLUSIONS LLLT enhanced the stability of mini-implants placed in rat tibiae and accelerated peri-implant bone formation by increasing the gene expression of BMP-2 in surrounding cells.
Application of RotaSVM for HLA Class II Protein-Peptide Interaction Prediction

In this article, the recently developed RotaSVM is used for accurate prediction of binding peptides to Human Leukocyte Antigens class II (HLA class II) proteins. The HLA II - peptide complexes are generated in the antigen presenting cells (APC) and transported to the cell membrane to elicit an immune response via T-cell activation. The understanding of HLA class II protein-peptide binding interaction facilitates the design of peptide-based vaccine, where the high rate of polymorphisms in HLA class II molecules poses a big challenge. To determine the binding activity of 636 non-redundant peptides, a set of 27 HLA class II proteins are considered in the present study. The prediction of HLA class II - peptide binding is carried out by an ensemble classifier called RotaSVM. In RotaSVM, the feature selection scheme generates bootstrap samples that are further used to create a diverse set of features using Principal Component Analysis. Thereafter, Support Vector Machines are trained with these bootstrap samples with the integration of their original feature values. The effectiveness of the RotaSVM for HLA class II protein-peptide binding prediction is demonstrated in comparison with other traditional classifiers by evaluating several validity measures with the visual plot of ROC curves. Finally, Friedman test is conducted to judge the statistical significance of RotaSVM in prediction of peptides binding to HLA class II proteins.
Aqueous humor dynamics during the day and night in healthy mature volunteers.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the daytime vs nighttime differences in intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor dynamics, central cornea thickness, and blood pressure among a cohort of healthy volunteers. METHODS Thirty healthy volunteers (mean [SD] age, 57.0 [8.6] years) were enrolled in the study. Individuals underwent 1 daytime visit and 1 nighttime visit for the measurement of aqueous humor dynamics. Measurements included IOP by pneumatonometry, aqueous flow by fluorophotometry, outflow facility by fluorophotometry and tonography, uveoscleral outflow by mathematical calculation, central cornea thickness by pachymetry, and blood pressure by sphygmomanometry. Results between visits were compared by appropriate t test. Dependence of the pneumatonometer probe results on position was tested in enucleated rabbit eyes at set pressures and probe positions. RESULTS Compared with daytime seated IOP, nighttime seated IOP was reduced by 16%, whereas nighttime supine IOP was increased by 17% (P < .001 for both). The IOP changes were independent of the pneumatonometer probe position. Central cornea thickness was increased at nighttime from a mean (SD) of 560 (37) μm to a mean (SD) of 574 (37) μm (P < .001). Compared with daytime aqueous flow, nighttime aqueous flow was reduced by 49% (P < .001). During the night, fluorophotometric outflow facility was reduced by 45% (P = .05), and tonographic outflow facility was reduced by 17% (P < .01). Uveoscleral outflow at night was decreased when calculated using tonographic outflow facility but not fluorophotometric outflow facility in the Goldmann equation. All other measurements were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Significant changes in aqueous humor dynamics at night in healthy mature humans include reductions in aqueous flow, outflow facility, and possibly uveoscleral outflow. Nocturnal changes in IOP are independent of the pneumatonometer probe position and are dependent on an individual's posture during the measurement.
Wand and Weber's good decomposition conditions for BPMN: An interpretation and differences to Event-Driven Process Chains

– The purpose of this paper is to specify the decomposition conditions of Wand and Weber for the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). Therefore, an interpretation of the conditions for BPMN is derived and compared to a specification of the conditions for enhanced Event-Driven Process Chains (eEPCs). Based on these results, guidelines for a conformance check of BPMN and eEPC models with the decomposition conditions are shown. Further, guidelines for decomposition are formulated for BPMN models. The usability of the decomposition guidelines is tested with modelling experts. , – An approach building on a representational mapping is used for specifying the decomposition conditions. Therefore, ontological constructs of the Bunge-Wand-Weber ontology are mapped to corresponding modelling constructs and an interpretation of the decomposition conditions for BPMN is derived. Guidelines for a conformance check are then defined. Based on these results, decomposition guidelines are formulated. Their usability is tested in interviews. , – The research shows that the decomposition conditions stemming from the information systems discipline can be transferred to business process modelling. However, the interpretation of the decomposition conditions depends on specific characteristics of a modelling language. Based on a thorough specification of the conditions, it is possible to derive guidelines for a conformance check of process models with the conditions. In addition, guidelines for decomposition are developed and tested. In the study, these are perceived as understandable and helpful by experts. , – Research approaches based on representational mappings are subjected to subjectivity. However, by having three researchers performing the approach independently, subjectivity can be mitigated. Further, only ten experts participated in the usability test, which is therefore to be considered as a first step in a more comprising evaluation. , – This paper provides the process modeller with guidelines enabling a conformance check of BPMN and eEPC process models with the decomposition conditions. Further, guidelines for decomposing BPMN models are introduced. , – This paper is the first to specify Wand and Weber's decomposition conditions for process modelling with BPMN. A comparison to eEPCs shows, that the ontological expressiveness influences the interpretation of the conditions. Further, guidelines for decomposing BPMN models as well as for checking their adherence to the decomposition conditions are presented.
Predictors for clinical outcome in psoriatic arthritis – what have we learned from cohort studies?

Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous disease that ranges from a mild form of oligoarthritis to destructive polyarthritis. The burden of disease can be severe and comparable to that of rheumatoid arthritis. Identifying predictors of worse outcome may improve the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the disease and may guide therapeutic management at the individual level. Longitudinal cohort studies identified predictors of long-term outcomes such as joint damage, physical function and work disability in PsA. In general, male gender and lower burden of inflammation at presentation predict better outcome while a delay in diagnosis, disability and joint damage are associated with worse long term outcomes. Several HLA alleles also identify patients who are likely to sustain joint damage.
Mannan-Binding Lectin Enhances Susceptibility to Visceral Leishmaniasis

ABSTRACT Levels of the serum opsonin mannan-binding lectin (MBL) were directly correlated with the probability of developing visceral leishmaniasis. Monocytes infected with MBL-opsonized Leishmania chagasi promastigotes secreted higher levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 than cells infected with nonopsonized parasites. Our findings indicate that MBL can modulate the clinical outcome of infection with L. chagasi and the function of infected macrophages.
New estimation method of short circuit inductance of coplanar probe for on-wafer scattering parameter measurement

The short impedance standard is the easiest fabricated in Open-Short-Load (OSL) calibration method for on-wafer scattering parameter (S-parameter) measurement. The fabrication and the definition of the other two impedance standard are more questionable. A new extraction method is presented to determine short inductance of coplanar waveguide (CPW) probe. Based on this consideration, other open capacitance and load inductance in OSL calibration method are compensated. The method needs only imperfective OSL impedance calibration kits and another standard offset short. It may improve on-wafer S-parameter accuracy of OSL calibration, which is the same as Thru-Reflect-Line (TRL) calibration. The experimental verification of the new estimation algorithm is given by using the designed and fabricated OSL calibration kit and standard offset short on Al2O3 substrate up to 50 GHz.
Production of highly polarized vapors using laser optical pumping with velocity-changing collisions.

Experiments have shown the novel combination of laser optical pumping and velocity-changing collisions (between active- and buffer-gas atoms) to be very effective in producing vapors with high atomic or nuclear polarizations. This paper presents a theory which has proven successful in analyzing these experiments. The theory predicts the amount of polarization attainable for particular experimental conditions and establishes the general criteria for optimum polarization. The theory is based on sets of coupled rate equations, which contain terms describing the pumping process (i.e., stimulated absorption or emission), radiative branching, relaxation, and velocity-changing collisions. The collision terms are written in the strong-collision approximation, which assumes that a single collision, on average, thermalizes the velocity distribution. Expressions are derived for the polarization and level populations.
ORIGINS OF HETEROSPORY AND THE SEED HABIT: THE ROLE OF HETEROCHRONY

Summary The origin of the seed-plant life history, and subsequent diversification of seed morphology, should be considered two independent, fundamentally distinct evolutionary problems. Gametophytic endospory may have arisen paedomorphically from homosporous ancestors, specifically by progenesis in the gametophyte generation. Heterospory and gametophytic unisexuality are not necessarily evolutionary antecedents of endospory; rather, they may have arisen as developmental consequences of endospory. Once seeds existed, their early pattern of diversification was not one of gradual change in form, but of a proliferation of integumentary types differing widely from one another. Subsequently, the morphological spectrum narrowed, with closed integuments eventually prevailing. This two-stage pattern of diversity suggests an initial phenotypic breakthrough into a largely "empty" adaptive zone, followed by intensified biotic competition as the adaptive zone filled.
Reconstructing the activity surface for cardiac PET imagery

A simple method for constructing and displaying activity surfaces obtained by a sequence of successive positron emission tomography (PET) sections is presented. The shape of the surface of activity is reconstructed showing intrusions and protrusions in a 3-D environment. The normal activity of the cardiac muscle leads generally to a homogeneous distribution of the tracer inside the organ. This generates a smoothed activity surface frequently coinciding with the external boundary of the cardiac muscle. By performing a segmentation of the successive slices obtained by a PET scanner and combining them into a 3-D stack, it was possible to reconstruct on a graphic display screen, a 3-D representation of the surface of activity. A numerical evaluation of protrusions and intrusions could be attempted to numerically represent the characteristics of that surface. <<ETX>>
Protoplast Formation and Regeneration Conditions of Streptomyces gilvosporeus

Natamycin is a very attractive antifungal agent with wide applications in medical and food industries, whose production can be increased by breeding high natamycin-producing strain using protoplast fusion. In this paper, Streptomyces gilvosporeus SG-2002 was used as a starting strain and conditions for protoplast formation and regeneration were investigated, including mycelia medium, glycine concentration, seed age, lysozyme concentration, enzymatic temperature and treatment time. Moreover, the addition of nutrient substances (potassium dihydrogen phosphate, L-proline, BSA and PVP) to regeneration medium were discussed and optimized to improve regeneration efficiency. Results showed that an efficient yield of protoplasts (4.0times10 6 cells/mL) with a relatively high regeneration rate was produced when mycelia were precultured in S medium containing 1% glycine for 30 h and then incubated in the buffer P with the lysozyme concentration 40 mg/g(DCW) for 60 min at 30degC with shaking at 100 rpm. A medium containing PVP was more effective on increasing regeneration efficiency than BSA. The components of optimized regeneration medium were as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.13 g/L, L-proline 5.00 g/L, PVP 0.20 g/L, other components were the same as R5' regeneration medium. Under above conditions, protoplast regeneration rate was increased to 16.5%, which was 284% higher than that of initial conditions.