Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inducibility of benzo [α] pyrene hydroxylase in human skin by polycyclic hydrocarbons

Neonatal human foreskin contains an enzyme system that hydroxylates the carcinogen benzol [α]pyrene (BP). The hydroxylase system requires nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and molecular oxygen and has a pH optimum of 7.4. Exposure to carbon monoxide completely inhibits hydroxylase activity. When skins were incubated in a growth medium containing benz[α]anthracene (BA) two‐ to fivefold Increases in the amount of BP hydroxylase were observed. Maximum enzyme levels were found when the skin was incubated in the presence of BA for 16 to 24 hours. Inducibility of hydroxylase activity was greater in human skin than in neonatal rodent skin. Considerable variability in the basal levels and in the inducibility of BP hydroxylase was observed in foreskins obtained from 13 sub;ects. These studies indicate that human skin can metabolize polycyclic hydrocarbons and that the levels of the hydroxylase, as well as the inducibility of the enzyme in skin, may provide a useful means for evaluating individual differences in the capacities of humans to metabolize environmental carcinogens.
A Three‐Gene panel on urine increases PSA specificity in the detection of prostate cancer

Several studies have demonstrated the usefulness of monitoring an RNA transcript, such as PCA3, in post‐prostate massage (PM) urine for increasing the specificity of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) in the detection of prostate cancer (PCa). However, a single marker may not necessarily reflect the multifactorial nature of PCa.
Inhibition of Human Keloid Fibroblast Growth by Isotretinoin and Triamcinolone Acetonide In Vitro

In this study, we evaluated the effects of isotretinoin and triamcinolone acetonide on the growth of keloid and embryonal human skin fibroblasts in vitro. Culture bottles were plated with 2 x 105 cells and after 3 days of growth in Eagle's minimum essential medium, the medium was changed to one containing the drug being evaluated. Five groups were established: (1) regular medium as the control; (2) the medium containing 0.1% ethyl alcohol (the vehicle in which isotretinoin is dissolved); (3) the medium containing isotretinoin; (4) the medium containing triamcinolone acetonide; (5) the medium containing both drugs. Our study demonstrated that isotretinoin and triamcinolone acetonide each significantly inhibited the growth of the cells, and the effect of the combination was greater than that of either drug used alone.
Subcellular localization of the first three enzymes of the ommochrome synthetic pathway in Drosophila melanogaster.

The subcellular distribution of the first three enzymes in the ommochrome eye pigment pathway were studied by means of differential centrifugation. Tryptophan pyrrolase and kynurenine formamidase are found in the soluble fraction of the homogenate. A relatively small amount of tryptophan pyrrolase, 10 to 15% of the total, is sedimentable. The head region of pupae contains approximately 15% of the total activity of the animal. The subcellular distribution of the activity of the head is not appreciably different from the distribution of activity in the rest of the animal. Therefore no evidence suggests that the enzyme exists in a particulate form specifically in the head. Kynurenine hydroxylase is judged to be a mitochondrial enzyme on the basis of its co-sedimentation with particles containing cytochrome oxidase and by the demonstration of mitochondria in the sedimented fractions containing kynurenine hydroxylase activity. Kynurenine hydroxylase was judged not to be present in pigment granules since developmental and genetic changes in pigment granule morphology do not affect the sedimentation of kynurenine hydroxylase containing particles. These results on the three enzymes lead us to conclude that they are not organized into a single multi-enzyme complex as has been previously suggested. A consideration of the six ommochrome deficient mutants indicates that four of these can be explained by existing data. A hypothesis which does not involve enzyme complexes is presented to account for the remaining two.
[Transmission disequilibrium test of DRD4 exon III 48bp variant number tandem repeat polymorphism and tic disorder].

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether DRD4 exon III48 bp variant number tandem repeat(VNTR) polymorphism is associated with tic disorder. METHODS One hundred and twenty-two nucleus families were collected using Structured clinical interview for genetic study of Tourette syndrome and related disorders for family-based association analysis of tic disorder and DRD4 exon III 48bp VNTR polymorphism. One hundred and twenty-two trios were divided into two groups: tic disorder group (82 trios of Tourette syndrome or chronic tic disorder, TS&CT) and tic disorder accompanied with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) group (40 trios of Tourette syndrome or chronic tic disorder accompanied with ADHD, TS&ADHD). Transmission disequilibrium test (TDT), in addition to polymerase chain reaction and VNTR technique were conducted in 122 trios. RESULTS There exist 5 alleles at this polymorphic locus in this sample including DRD4 exon III 48bp 2-6 repeats. No transmission disequilibrium was found between DRD4 exon III 48 bp VNTR and tic disorder (chi square=7.44, P 0.12); however, when the sample was divided into two groups, transmission disequilibrium was noticed between the cases of TS&ADHD and this locus by overall allele-wise analysis (chi square=11.74, P 0.02), and there exists transmission disequilibrium exclusively between 5 or 6 repeats of 48bp VNTR(longer alleles) by allele-wise analysis (chi square=10.57, P 0.032, chi square=6.13, P 0.01). No transmission disequilibrium was seen between TS&CT and DRD4 exon III 48bp VNTR(chi square=3.38, P 0.50). CONCLUSION The results of this study have revealed an association between the longer alleles of DRD4 exon III 48bp VNTR polymorphism and tic disorder accompanied with ADHD, thus suggesting a possible genetic risk factor of tic disorder accompanied with ADHD in Chinese.
Combined Effects of Functional Groups, Lattice Defects, and Edges in the Infrared Spectra of Graphene Oxide

Infrared spectroscopy in combination with density functional theory calculations has been widely used to characterize the structure of graphene oxide and its reduced forms. Yet, the synergistic effects of different functional groups, lattice defects, and edges on the vibrational spectra are not well understood. Here, we report first-principles calculations of the infrared spectra of graphene oxide performed on realistic, thermally equilibrated, structural models that incorporate lattice vacancies and edges along with various oxygen-containing functional groups. Models including adsorbed water are examined as well. Our results show that lattice vacancies lead to important blue and red shifts in the OH stretching and bending bands, respectively, whereas the presence of adsorbed water leaves these shifts largely unaffected. We also find unique infrared features for edge carboxyls resulting from interactions with both nearby functional groups and the graphene lattice. Comparison of the computed vibrational pr.
ON MODEL ORDER REDUCTION VIA PROJECTION

Abstract The paper investigates the properties of reduced order models obtained by projection of a high order system. It answers questions such as are any two models of different orders related by a projection? Is it possible to obtain the same reduced order model using different projections? Etc. It is shown that in cases where not all models of a certain reduced order can be obtained by a projection, the optimal L2 reduced order model is obtained by a unique projection, and it resides on the boundary of the set of attainable models.
Inhibitory effects of aromatic herbs on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification of mice brain homogenate by copperin vitro

Several aromatic herbs were inferred to have inhibitory effects on the generation of oxygen free radicals. It has been demonstrated that free radicals produced by copper produce lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification in the brain. The results presented here showed that several aromatic herbs, Caryophylli flos, Cinnamomi cortex, Foeniculi fructus and Zedoariae rhizoma, have inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation or protein oxidative modification of mice brain homogenate produced by copper in vitro. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proceedings of the Ninth Workshop on Language Descriptions Tools and Applications, LDTA 2009, York, UK, March 27-28, 2009

The zipper is a well known design pattern for providing a cursor-like interface to a data structure. However, the classic treatise by Huet only scratches the surface of some of its potential applications. In this paper we take inspiration from Huet, and describe a library suitable as an underpinning for structured editors. We consider a zipper structure that is suitable for traversing heterogeneous data types, encoding routes to other places in the tree (for bookmark or quick-jump functionality), expressing lexically bound information using contexts, and traversals for rendering a program indicating where the cursor is currently focused.
On transmit diversity and scheduling in wireless packet data

Downlink time division multiplexing is considered for cellular packet-switched systems, in conjunction with scheduling algorithms for fast packet switching across the served users. Additionally, open and closed loop transmit diversity techniques at the base station are considered to improve the spectral efficiency of the resulting system. A study is conducted on the effect of candidate transmit diversity techniques for packet data systems on the overall network data throughput in the presence of scheduling. Contrary to the circuit-switching paradigm, the presented results highlight the conflicting objectives of specific transmit diversity schemes and efficient scheduling and illustrate the impact of the medium access control layer functions on the physical layer performance. The open loop space time spreading technique is shown to offer inferior performance to no transmit diversity under greedy packet scheduling. An appropriate transmit diversity scheme is proposed for the downlink packet-data multiple access.
Letter to the Editor: Comments on ‘Cognitive remediation improves memory and psychosocial functioning in first-episode psychiatric out-patients’

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Automatic Patterns Acquisition and Evaluation for Web-Based Terminology Translation

To find the translation of a given terminology from web without dictionary is an interesting and challengeable work. The existing methods based on pattern mainly consist of two steps: (1) learn patterns from a training set, and (2) find the candidate terms and score them. However, there are two main deficiencies in the existing works: (1) the amount and reliability of patterns are restricted by the training set, and (2) the methods for scoring patterns and candidate terminologies are too simplified. We present a new method that needs only a pair of terminologies for training to acquire the initial patterns. Patterns acquisition and patterns evaluation are performed automatically when an appropriate candidate terminology is selected for a user's query. We also improve the method of scoring the candidate terminologies by applying heuristic rules. The experiment results show that our method is better than the existing technologies.
Percutaneous Lung Biopsy: Technique, Efficacy, and Complications

Abstract Computed tomography–guided percutaneous needle biopsy of the lung is an indispensable tool in the evaluation of pulmonary abnormalities due to its high diagnostic accuracy in the detection of malignancy. Percutaneous biopsy in the lung plays a critical role in obtaining pathologic proof of malignancy, guiding staging and planning treatment. This article reviews biopsy techniques and their related efficacy and complications.
Mass spectrometry profile as a predictor of overall survival benefit after treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

6000 Background: Our previous study has shown that a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) profile in serum or plasma can predict lung cancer patient survival after treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRI). We examined the ability of this same MALDI-MS profile in plasma or sera to predict for survival benefit of EGFRIs in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS Spectra were obtained in triplicate using MALDI-MS from 314 samples obtained from five HNSCC cohorts treated with 1) gefitinib (G, n = 100); 2) erlotinib and bevacizumab (E/B, n = 81); 3) cetuximab (C, n = 21); 4) surgery (S, n = 78); and 5) palliative chemotherapy (PC, n = 34). Each sample was classified into "good" or "poor" outcome groups and overall survival was examined using this MALDI-MS classifier (VeriStrat, Biodesix, Steamboat Springs, CO). RESULTS Successful classification could be achieved in 311/314 (98%) of the samples. In all EGFRI-treated cohorts, the classifier predicted survival benefit while the cohorts without EGFRI-treatment showed no survival difference by log-rank testing (G: p = 0.007, HR 0.41, 95%-CI 0.22-0.79; E/B: p = 0.02, HR 0.20, 95%-CI 0.05-0.78; C: p=0.06, HR 0.26, 95%-CI 0.06-1.06; and PC: p = 0.76, HR 0.88, 95%-CI 0.4-1.97), independent of performance status, age, gender and smoking history. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the same predictive algorithm for MALDI-MS generated from patients with lung cancer treated with EGFRIs is also predictive of survival outcome in HNSCC patients treated with both TKIs and cetuximab, and may allow rational selection of patients most likely to benefit from an EGFRI monotherapy. [Table: see text].
Changes in Oxygen Consumption During and After a Downhill Run in Masters Long-Distance Runners

ObjectiveTo determine whether oxygen consumption during submaximal running increases in proportion to years of accumulated training and racing in masters runners after a bout of downhill running. SettingUniversity of Cape Town, Sports Science Institute of South Africa. ParticipantsSeventeen male masters distance runners (45–55 years) with a range of training (3,536 km to 79,320 km) and racing (205 km to 12,218 km) experience. InterventionA 40-minute continuous treadmill run, at 70% of peak treadmill running speed, consisting of two horizontal runs of 10 minutes each, separated by a 20-minute downhill (−10%) run. Main Outcome MeasuresHeart rate and oxygen consumption were measured continuously during the run. Data were analyzed to identify correlations between the end of the first horizontal section (minute 10) and the first minute of the second horizontal run (minute 31). Delta values were related to current training mileage (km/wk), total accumulated racing distance (km), and total accumulated training distance (km). ResultsThere were significant changes in both heart rate (p < 0.001) and oxygen consumption (p < 0.001) over time during the 40-minute run. There were no significant relationships between the change in oxygen consumption (delta) between minute 10 and minute 31 and total accumulated training mileage, total accumulated racing mileage, and current training. ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest either that submaximal oxygen consumption is not a sensitive marker of changes in neuromuscular activity or that the downhill protocol did not impose a sufficient eccentric stress for the subjects.
Loop quantum cosmology from group field theory

We show that the effective dynamics of the recently proposed isotropic condensate state of group field theory with Laplacian kinetic operator can be equivalent to that of homogeneous and isotropic loop quantum cosmology in the improved dynamics quantization scheme, where the area of elementary holonomy plaquettes is constant. This constitutes a somewhat surprising example of a cosmological model of quantum gravity where the operations of minisuperspace symmetry reduction and quantization can actually commute.
Comparison of the DOB based control, a special kind of PID control and ADRC

In this paper, the methods for estimating uncertainties in the disturbance observer (DOB), a special kind of PID (SPID) and the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) are discussed. The stability of ADRC is proven for a class of SISO nonlinear systems with unknown dynamics and disturbance. The comparison study and the analysis for ADRC show that under some conditions, DOB and SPID can be generalized for nonlinear systems with mixed internal and external uncertainties.
Successful renal transplant outcome after intravenous gamma‐globulin treatment of a highly sensitized pediatric recipient

Abstract: Approximately 10% of patients on the renal transplant (Tx) cadaver waiting list have high (> 20%) panel‐reactive antibody (PRA) levels to human leukocyte antigens (HLA). Intravenous gamma‐globulin (IVIG) has been shown to reduce anti‐HLA cytotoxic antibody levels through an anti‐idiotypic antibody‐blocking effect. We report a successful renal Tx outcome in a 7‐yr‐old‐girl with high PRA levels owing to a failed renal Tx who experienced a significant reduction in PRA levels (from 96% to 0%) concomitant with IVIG therapy. IVIG was infused weekly (500 mg/kg/week) for 3 consecutive weeks every 12 weeks. Thirty‐four months after starting IVIG therapy, the PRA activity dropped to zero and IVIG was stopped. Then IVIG therapy was resumed after 8 months due to a rebound in PRA activity to 52%. Forty‐four months after starting IVIG therapy, the patient was cross‐matched with a cadaver donor who shared three antigens with the first living donor. The cross‐match was positive with the recipient's sera obtained prior to IVIG therapy and negative with the recipient's sera obtained post‐IVIG therapy. A successful cadaver renal Tx was performed using anti‐thymocyte globulin (ATGAM) induction therapy and a tacrolimus‐based immunosuppression protocol. IVIG was given (1 g/kg) prior to Tx and at day 4 post‐operatively. A single mild acute rejection episode occurred 10 days post‐transplantation that responded to pulse methylprednisolone therapy and an increase in the tacrolimus oral dose. We conclude that a prolonged course of IVIG infusions, without immunosuppressive medications or plasmapheresis, is likely to have been beneficial in modulating the immune response in this highly sensitized recipient. Randomized multicenter trials are required to define the role of IVIG in this specific population.
Effects of ion pairs on the dynamics of erbium-doped fiber lasers.

Experiments with erbium-doped fiber lasers demonstrate cw, sinusoidal, and self-pulsing operation. The obtained regimes depend on three control parameters: ion-pair concentration, photon lifetime, and pumping rate. We present a theoretical model which describes the active medium as a mixture of isolated ions and ion pairs. Starting with the adapted laser rate equations we show that the description of the dynamical behavior of this system can be reduced to only four first-order coupled equations. A linear stability analysis demonstrates the existence of self-pulsing for a finite range of pumping rates. At both ends of this range Hopf bifurcations occur: one located near the first laser threshold and the other at a higher pumping ratio, whose position is closely related to the pair concentration
The role of local radiation therapy for mediastinal disease in adults with T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma

Mediastinal recurrence remains the most common cause of failure in patients with mediastinal T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL). The role of mediastinal radiation therapy in improving local disease control and overall prognosis is not well‐known with modern intensive chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of mediastinal radiation therapy in patients who achieve a complete response (CR) to chemotherapy.
An Examination of Twenty Literacy, Science, and Mathematics Practices Used to Educate Students Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing

The results of a multistep process to begin identifying best practices in deaf education are presented. To identify current practices, a survey was conducted of the literature, the Web sites of professional organizations, and states' education Web sites, which yielded a number of commonly discussed practices. Ten of the more highly cited practices in literacy instruction and 10 of the more highly cited practices in science and mathematics instruction were identified for additional scrutiny. Hundreds of articles were examined to identify research support for the 20 identified practices. Some practices had adequate research support; others had minimal support. The authors identify each of the 20 practices, describe the practice, present a summary of the literature that was examined, and rate the usefulness of the knowledge base relative to a "best practice" designation.
IT Outsourcing Success: A Psychological Contract Perspective

Information technology (IT) outsourcing success requires careful management of customer-supplier relationships. However, there are few published studies on the ongoing relationships, and most of these adopt a customer perspective, de-emphasizing suppliers. In this study, we look at both customer and supplier perspectives, by means of the psychological contract of customer and supplier project managers. We apply the concept of psychological contract to perceived mutual obligations, and to how such fulfillment of obligations can predict success. Our research questions are (1) What are the critical customer-supplier obligations in an IT outsourcing relationship? and (2) What is the impact of fulfilling these obligations on success? We use a sequential, qualitative-quantitative approach to develop and test our model. In the qualitative study, we probe the nature of customer-supplier obligations using in-depth interviews. Content analysis of interview transcripts show that both customers and suppliers identify six obligations that are critical to success. Customers perceive supplier obligations to be accurate project scoping, clear authority structures, taking charge, effective human capital management, effective knowledge transfer, and effective interorganizational teams. Suppliers perceive customer obligations as clear specifications, prompt payment, close project monitoring, dedicated project staffing, knowledge sharing, and project ownership. In the second quantitative study, we assess the impact of fulfilling these obligations on success through a field study of 370 managers. Results show that fulfilled obligations predict success over and above the effects of contract type, duration, and size.