Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treebanks: Building and Using Parsed Corpora

Preface. Introduction A. Abeille. I: Building Treebanks. English Treebanks. 1. The Penn treebank: an overview A. Taylor, M. Marcus, B. Santorini. 2. Thoughts on two decades of drawing trees G. Sampson. 3. Bank of English and beyond T. Jarvinen. 4. Completing parsed corpora from correction to evolution S. Wallis. German Treebanks. 5. Syntactic annotation of a German newspaper corpus T. Brants, W. Skut, H. Uszkoreit. 6. Annotation of error types for a German newsgroup corpus M. Becker, A. Bredenkamp, B. Crysmann, J. Klein. Slavic Treebanks. 7. The PDT: a 3-level annotation scenario A. Boehmova, J. Hajic, E. Hajicova, B. Hladka. 8. An HPSG-annotated test suite for Polish M. Marciniak, A. Mykowiecka, A. Przepiorkowski, A. Kupsc. Treebanks for Romance Languages. 9. Developing a Spanish treebank A. Moreno, S. Lopez, F. Sanchez, R. Grishman. 10. Building a treebank for French A. Abeille, L. Clement, F. Toussenel. 11. Building the Italian syntactic-semantic treebank S. Montemagni, F. Barsotti, M. Battista, N. Calzolari, O. Corazzari, A. Lenci, A. Zampolli, F. Fanciulli, M. Massetani, R. Raffaelli, R. Basili, M.T. Pazienza, D. Saracino, F. Zanzotto, N. Mana, F. Pianesi, R. Delmonte. 12. Automated creation of a medieval Portugese treebank V. Rocio, M. Amado Alves, J.G. Lopes, M.F. Xavier, G. Vicente. Treebanks for other Languages. 13. Sinica treebank Keh-Jiann Chen, Chi-Ching Luo, Ming-Chung Chang, Feng-Yi Chen, Chao-Jan Chen, Chu-Ren Huang, Zhao-Ming Gao.14. Building a Japanese parsed corpus S. Kurohashi, M. Nagao. 15. Building a Turkish treebank K. Oflazer, B. Say, D. Zeynep Hakkani-Tur, G. Tur. II: Using Treebanks. 16. Encoding syntactic annotation N. Ide, L. Romary. Evaluation with Treebanks. 17. Parser evaluation J. Carroll, G. Minnen, T. Briscoe. 18. Dependency-based evaluation of minipar Dekang Lin. Grammar Induction with Treebanks. 19. Extracting stochastic grammars from treebanks R. Bod. 20. Stochastic lexicalized tree grammars G. Neumann. 21. From treebank resources to LFG f-structures A. Frank, L. Sadler, J. van Genabith, A. Way. Contributing Authors. Index.
Chaos, CNN, Memristors and Beyond: A Festschrift for Leon Chua

This invaluable book is a unique collection of tributes to outstanding discoveries pioneered by Leon Chua in nonlinear circuits, cellular neural networks, and chaos. It is comprised of three parts. The first -- cellular nonlinear networks, nonlinear circuits and cellular automata -- deals with Chua's Lagrangian circuits, cellular wave computers, bio-inspired robotics and neuro-morphic architectures, toroidal chaos, synaptic cellular automata, history of Chua's circuits, cardiac arrhythmias, local activity principle, symmetry breaking and complexity, bifurcation trees, and Chua's views on nonlinear dynamics of cellular automata. Dynamical systems and chaos is the scope of the second part of the book, where we find genius accounts on theory and application of Julia set, stability of dynamical networks, chaotic neural networks and neocortical dynamics, dynamics of piecewise linear systems, chaotic mathematical circuitry, synchronization of oscillators, models of catastrophic events, control of chaotic systems, symbolic dynamics, and solitons. First hand accounts on the discovery of memristors in HP Labs, historical excursions into 'ancient memristors', analytical analysis of memristors, and hardware memristor emulators are presented in the third and final part of the book. The book is quintessence of ideas on future and emergent hardware, analytic theories of complex dynamical systems and interdisciplinary physics. It is a true Renaissance volume where bright ideas of electronics, mathematics and physics enlighten facets of modern science. The unique DVD covers the artistic aspects of chaos, such as several stunningly melodious musical compositions using chaotic atttractors, a virtual gallery of hundreds of colorful attractors, and even a cartoon-like play on the genesis of Chua's circuit that was based on a widely acclaimed performance in Rome and other venues in Italy. In short, it is a veritable kaleiscope of never-before-published historical, pedagogical, and futuristic technical visions on three timely topics of intense interest for both lay readers and experts alike.
Scientific Computing with Multicore and Accelerators

The hybrid/heterogeneous nature of future microprocessors and large high-performance computing systems will result in a reliance on two major types of components: multicore/manycore central processing units and special purpose hardware/massively parallel accelerators. While these technologies have numerous benefits, they also pose substantial performance challenges for developers, including scalability, software tuning, and programming issues. Researchers at the Forefront Reveal Results from Their Own State-of-the-Art WorkEdited by some of the top researchers in the field and with contributions from a variety of international experts, Scientific Computing with Multicore and Accelerators focuses on the architectural design and implementation of multicore and manycore processors and accelerators, including graphics processing units (GPUs) and the Sony Toshiba IBM (STI) Cell Broadband Engine (BE) currently used in the Sony PlayStation 3. The book explains how numerical libraries, such as LAPACK, help solve computational science problems; explores the emerging area of hardware-oriented numerics; and presents the design of a fast Fourier transform (FFT) and a parallel list ranking algorithm for the Cell BE. It covers stencil computations, auto-tuning, optimizations of a computational kernel, sequence alignment and homology, and pairwise computations. The book also evaluates the portability of drug design applications to the Cell BE and illustrates how to successfully exploit the computational capabilities of GPUs for scientific applications. It concludes with chapters on dataflow frameworks, the Charm++ programming model, scan algorithms, and a portable intracore communication framework. Explores the New Computational Landscape of Hybrid Processors By offering insight into the process of constructing and effectively using the technology, this volume provides a thorough and practical introduction to the area of hybrid computing. It discusses introductory concepts and simple examples of parallel computing, logical and performance debugging for parallel computing, and advanced topics and issues related to the use and building of many applications.
Toward Video-Guided Robot Behaviors

This paper shows how a robot can detect its self-image in a TV monitor and use the realtime video to guide its own actions in order to reach an object that can only be observed through the TV image. The robot exploits the temporal contingency between its motor commands and the observed self-movements in the TV monitor to extend its body schema representation. The extended body schema allows the robot to guide its arm movements through the TV image as if it were observing its own arm directly.
Optimal statistical methods for analysis of single-molecule data

Time-resolved single molecule fluorescence measurements are important probes for the conformational dynamics of biological macromolecules. The best time resolution in such techniques will only be achieved by measuring the arrival times of individual photons at the detector and by making a detailed statistical analysis of the photon arrival time data. This work presents several general approaches to the estimation of molecular parameters based on individual photon arrival times. In the first, the amount of information present in a data set involving continuous intramolecular motion is quantified by the Fisher information, allowing an algorithm to be constructed which achieves the theoretical limits on time and distance resolution. The second approach is tailored to the analysis of discrete intensity jumps in optical measurements of single molecules or single particles. It uses a recursive generalized likelihood ratio test to determine the location of intensity change points directly from individual photon arrival times. Third, a maximum entropy approach is taken to molecular probability density function estimation. This approach takes advantage of the information measurements previously derived, and avoids the over-fitting produced by straightforward deconvolution methods. All of these analysis methods are applied to measure the persistence length of a series of polyproline oligopeptides.
Short-Term Memory: New Research

Preface Columnar EEG Magnetic Influences on Molecular Development of Short-Term Memory Shared Object Representation in Visual Short-Term Memory & Visual Attention Neuron-Astroglial Communication in Short-Term Memory: Bio-Electric, Bio-Magnetic & Bio-Photonic Signals? Visual Short-Term Memory & the Bilateral Field Advantage Working Memory & Language Processing: Extending an Interactive Model to Capture Sentence-Level Data The Unique Contribution of Working Memory to Reading Acquisition in Arabic An in vitro Model for Analyzing the Conversion of Short-Term to Long-Term Memory.
Development of an Adaptive Equalization Algorithm Using Acoustic Energy Density

DEVELOPMENT OF AN ADAPTIVE EQUALIZATION ALGORITHM USING ACOUSTIC ENERGY DENSITY Panu Puikkonen Department of Physics and Astronomy Master of Science Sound pressure equalization of audio signals using digital signal processors has been a subject of ongoing study for many years. The traditional approach is to equalize sound at a point in a listening environment, but because of its specific dependence on the room frequency response between a source and receiver position, this equalization generally causes the spectral response to worsen significantly at other locations in the room. This work presents both a time-invariant and a time-varying implementation of an adaptive acoustic energy density equalization filter for a onedimensional sound field. Energy density equalization addresses the aforementioned challenge and others that relate to sound equalization. The theory and real-time implementation of time-invariant sound pressure and energy density equalizers designed using the least-squares method are presented, and their performances are compared. An implementation of a time-varying energy density equalizer is also presented. Time-invariant equalization results based on real-time measurements in a plane-wave tube are presented. A sound pressure equalizer results in a nearly flat spectral magnitude at the point of equalization. However, it causes the frequencies corresponding to spatial nulls at that point to be undesirably boosted elsewhere in the sound field, where those nulls do not exist at the same frequencies. An energy density equalization filter identifies and compensates for all resonances and other global spectral effects of the tube and loudspeaker. It does not attempt to equalize the spatially varying frequency nulls caused by local pressure nodes at the point of equalization. An implementation of a time-varying energy density equalizer is also presented. This method uses the filtered-x filter update to adjust the filter coefficients in real-time to adapt to changes in the sound field. Convergence of the filter over time is demonstrated as the closed end of the tube is opened, then closed once again. Thus, the research results demonstrate that an acoustic energy density filter can be used to time-adaptively equalize global spectral anomalies of a loudspeaker and a one-dimensional sound field.
Highly parallel computations : algorithms and applications

Section I: General-purpose parallel computing and metacomputing Cluster computing with message passing interface Scheduling UET grids with unit communication time delays into unbounded/fixed number of processors Metacomputing: technology and applications. Section II: Special parallel architectures and systolic application case studies Architectural design of array processors for multi-dimensional discrete fourier transform Massive parallel processing for matrix multiplication: a systolic approach Hexagonal systolic arrays for matrix multiplication Systolic block-Jacobi SVD algorithm for processor meshes An introduction to processor-time-optimal systolic arrays Hyper-systolic algorithms with applications in linear algebra and molecular dynamics Designing processor-time optimal systolic configurations. Section III: Neural algorithms and applications Word recognition system using neural networks Self-organised evolutionary neural networks: Algorithms and applications.
Multi-factor Authentication Techniques for Video Applications over the Untrusted Internet

II Acknowledgement . III Table of Figures . VI List of Tables . VIII Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Motivation . 1 1.2 Problem Statement . 2 1.3 Thesis contribution . 3 1.4 Related Publications . 5 1.5 Organization of thesis . 5 Chapter 2: Background . 7 2.1 Authentication Types . 7 2.1.1 Knowledge-Based . 7 2.1.2 Token-Based . 12 2.1.3 Biometric-Based . 13 2.2 Multimodal-Biometric Authentication . 14 2.3 Video Conference Authentication and Security . 16 2.4 Multi-Factor Authentication . 18 Chapter 3: Transparent Multimodal Biometric Authentication (TMBA) for Video Conferencing Applications . 21 3.
Designing Qualitative Research

1. What is qualitative research? 2. From an idea to a research question 3. How to design qualitative research 4. Sampling, selecting and access 5. Resources and stumbling blocks 6. Quality in qualitative research 7. Ethics in qualitative research 8. Verbal data 9. Ethnography and visual data 10. Analyzing qualitative data 11. Beyond method: Grounded Theory, Triangulation and Mixed Methods 12. Designing qualitative research: some conclusions
Realistic human figure synthesis and animation for VR applications

Human figure animation is a widely researched area with many applications. This thesis addresses issues specific to the synthesis, animation and environmental interaction of human figures in complex virtual worlds. The techniques developed are aimed at applications such as virtual space teleconferencing, where realistic real-time animation of the human figures is desired. Visual realism of the characters dominates over the physical accuracy of the generated motion. A layered representation of the human figure is adopted. Physical modeling and animation techniques, though effective, are too complex to achieve real time results. Implicit functions show promise in elegantly handling many issues involved in articulated figure animation that can be cumbersome for existing B-rep (boundary representation) based techniques. Real-time animation requirements, however, currently make the use of polygon-based models imperative. Approaches to improving the display efficiency of implicit functions are therefore discussed. Further, general implicit shape definitions for objects modeled using B-reps are provided. This allows an integration of B-rep and implicit function based techniques. To facilitate efficient environmental interaction, an existing collision detection and deformation model is extended and combined with constraint satisfaction for deformable objects. A realistic human figure model, allowing the application of implicit function and B-rep based animation techniques, is proposed. The implicit function muscle model and skeletal posture control a polygon based skin structure. Implicit functions detect and handle collisions in the environment homogeneously and efficiently. Precise collision contact surfaces are generated and physical characteristics of muscles in systems employing force feedback are simulated. Clothes are modeled as textures mapped on a geometric skin. Characteristic wrinkled textures for garments are synthesized and wrinkle formation is carried out by texture morphing and wireframe displacement controlled by the posture of the animated human. The effectiveness of the developed concepts and proposed models are illustrated by their implementation within a virtual space teleconferencing system. This thesis contributes to object modeling and animation by successfully marrying implicit function and B-rep based methodologies. The human figure models developed are elegant, efficient and showcase this hybrid approach. These solutions can be easily applied to existing real-time human figure animation applications where visual realism is more important than an anatomically and physically precise model.
The Division of Profit in Sequential Innovation Reconsidered

Sequential innovation with actual patent infringement and uncertainty in litigation is analyzed. Comparative statics shows that within a wide range of model parameters, a basic researcher holding a patent is able to extract all the profit facililated by the basic innovation. The patent holder achieves this by offering a licencing contract which the subsequent innovator accepts. It is further demonstrated that under rather general circumstances, broader patent breadth may diminish the patent holder's chance to achieve the desired equilibrium outcome: that is to extract all the profit from the subsequent innovator marketing the product.
A cognitive constructivist approach to early syntax acquisition

This thesis is concerned with a central question in any construction-based, usage-based theory of language acquisition: how children get from more concrete and item-based constructions to more abstract constructions. The overall approach places central importance on meaning and the role of cognition to categorise chunks of linguistic experience into conventional grammatical units. Chapter 1 outlines the historical and conceptual foundations in the field of language acquisition and justifies the usage-based approach taken in this thesis. Chapter 2 then considers what usage-based theories mean when they characterise language acquisition as ? a developing inventory of constructions that are more-or-less schematic? By bringing together findings from categorisation and analogy, social cognition and construction grammar the aim is to show how argument-structure constructions are learnable. Chapter 3 investigates the topic of how infants construct grammatical categories by taking a cross-linguistic look at the transitive construction in the context of a prototype theory of categorisation. Chapter 4 applies the theoretical investigations of previous chapter to an empirical experiment, specifically, making developmental comparisons of the prototypical semantics of the transitive construction in English. Chapter 5 considers further the role of different cues in children understanding of argument-structure constructions by examining the role of pronoun frames in early comprehension of transitive constructions in English. Chapter 6 focuses on how infants and mothers actually use language in a corpus study. It begins by looking at the role of skewed distribution and cognitive anchoring in schematising the Subject Verb Object construction in English. It then presents a usage-based acquisition model of argument productivity in subject-verb-object constructions. Chapter 7 concludes the thesis by summarising the experimental and theoretical work; identifying some cognitive features and properties of the input that seem to be important in all the studies; providing a critique of the usage-based approach; and finally, suggesting some key issues that future work in usage-based approaches to the acquisition of grammar needs to address.
Math-Infused Art Lessons, Art-Infused Math Lessons

This paper begins with an explanation of why I am designing processes for teaching math-infused art and artinfused math. Then, I take the reader and workshop participants through a process for creating mirrored designs on the coordinate grid. Finally, I reference research and books that are influencing my choices as I continue to develop my methods and lessons.
Effect of Allyl Modified/Silane Modified Multiwalled Carbon Nano Tubes on the Electrical Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin Composites

Considering the properties of the carbon nano tubes (CNT), their inclusion into the polymer matrix vastly increases the properties of the resultant composite. However, this is not the case due to the poor interfacial adhesion of the CNT and the polymer matrix. The present approach focuses on increasing the interaction between the polymer matrix and the CNT through the chemical modification of the CNT resulting in allyl ester functionalized carbon nanotubes (ACNT) and silane functionalized carbon nano tubes (SCNT) which are capable of reacting with the polymer matrix during the curing reaction. The addition of ACNT/SCNT into unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) resulted in the improvement of the electrical properties of resulted nanocomposites in comparison to the CNT. The surface resistivity, volume resistivity, dielectric strength, dry arc resistivity, and the comparative tracking index of the nanocomposites were significantly improved in comparison to CNT. The chemical modification of CNT was confirmed via spectroscopy.
The UML diagrams

This chapter introduces each of the 13 UML diagrams in turn and provides examples of their use. Each diagram is discussed at a very high level, often missing out much of the diagram syntax, so that the modelling aspects of each diagram could be focused on, rather than being bogged down by all the syntax of each diagram. The following models serve as a recap for everything said in this chapter, which should be readable by anyone who has read (and understood) this book so far. Even with the limited amount of syntax that has been introduced, it is still possible to model many aspects of a system.
Exhaustive and Pseudo-Exhaustive Testing.

Abstract : This chapter discusses an approach to test pattern generation for functional testing of combinational digital integrated circuits. The techniques to be presented apply all possible input patterns either to the entire circuit under test or to portions of the circuit under test. For some circuits, exhaustive testing is economically practical: all possible input combinations are applied to the entire circuit. An exhaustive test is a complete functional test and no assumptions about the internal structure of the circuit under test are required. When the number of inputs is so large that an exhaustive test is impractical, it is still possible to retain many of the advantages of exhaustive testing by using a pseudo-exhaustive test technique. Pseudo-exhaustive testing requires that some details of the internal circuit structure either be known or assumed. A disadvantage of exhaustive and pseudo-exhaustive testing is the size of the test sets: they can be substantially larger than minimum-length test sets. The major advantages of exhaustive and pseudo-exhaustive tests are the extremely high fault coverage, the generality of the fault model, and the absence of a requirement to do fault simulation. Another advantage of output function verification is the ease of generating the test set. Segmentation and determination of the corresponding test sets requires more computation. Keywords: Fault tolerant computing.