Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
JCB_201502062 1..9

The cytoskeleton underlies many aspects of cell physiology, including mitosis, cell division, volume control, cell stiffness, cell polarity, and extracellular matrix patterning. These events in turn impact development and tissue differentiation. The cytoskeleton receives, integrates, and transmits both intracellular and extracellular signaling cues. Most of these cues have to signal through a lipid bilayer before reaching the cytoskeleton. Thus, membrane–cytoskeleton interactions are central to deciphering how cytoskeletal remodeling is integrated throughout cells and tissues. Although signaling occurs across both the plasma and intracellular membranes, in this review we focus on the interplay between the cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane, which is predominantly composed of phospholipids (for a detailed review of plasma membrane lipid composition and localization, see Suetsugu et al., 2014). Common to eukaryotic cytoskeletal networks is the fact that they are formed from proteins with the inherent ability to self-assemble into long polymers. These polymers exist in a dynamic equilibrium with a monomeric pool, resulting in constant turnover in the cell. The ensemble of regulatory proteins, which regulates these dynamics, acts as the interface between cellular signaling and cytoskeletal remodeling. Not surprisingly then,
PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE

Purpose and Objectives Primary care practices can be used to engage children and families in weight management programs. The Texas Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (TX CORD) study targeted patients at 12 primary care practices in diverse and low-income areas of Houston, Texas, and Austin, Texas for recruitment to a trial of weight management programs. This article describes recruitment strategies developed to benefit both families and health care practices and the modification of electronic health records (EHRs) to reflect recruitment outcomes. Intervention Approach To facilitate family participation, materials and programs were provided in English and Spanish, and programs were conducted in convenient locations. To support health care practices, EHRs and print materials were provided to facilitate obesity recognition, screening, and study referral. We provided brief training for providers and their office staffs that covered screening patients for obesity, empathetic communication, obesity billing coding, and use of counseling materials. Evaluation Methods We collected EHR data from 2012 through 2014, including demographics, weight, and height, for all patients aged 2 to 12 years who were seen in the 12 provider practices during the study’s recruitment phase. The data of patients with a body mass index (BMI) at or above the 85th percentile were compared with the same data for patients who were referred to the study and patients who enrolled in the study. We also examined reasons that patients referred to the study declined to participate. Results Overall, 26% of 7,845 patients with a BMI at or above the 85th percentile were referred to the study, and 27% of referred patients enrolled. Enrollment among patients with a BMI at or above the 85th percentile was associated with being Hispanic and with more severe obesity than with patients of other races/ethnicities or less severe obesity, respectively. Among families of children aged 2 to 5 years who were referred, 20% enrolled, compared with 30% of families of older children (>5 y to 12 y). Referral rates varied widely among the 12 primary care practices, and referral rates were not associated with EHR modifications. Implications for Public Health Engagement and recruitment strategies for enrolling families in primary care practice in weight management programs should be strengthened. Further study of factors associated with referral and enrollment, better systems for EHR tools, and data on provider and office adherence to study protocols should be examined. EHRs can track referral and enrollment to capture outcomes of recruitment efforts. The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors’ affiliated institutions. www.cdc. gov/pcd/issues/2017/17_0301. htm • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1
Genetic Control of Reproductive Traits in Tomatoes Under High Temperature

Global climate change is increasing the range of temperatures that crop plants must face during their life cycle, giving negative effects to yields. In this changing scenario, understanding the genetic control of plant responses to a range of increasing temperature conditions is a prerequisite to developing cultivars with increased resilience. The current work reports the identification of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) involved in reproductive traits affected by temperature, such as the flower number (FLN) and fruit number (FRN) per truss and percentage of fruit set (FRS), stigma exsertion (SE), pollen viability (PV) and the incidence of the physiological disorder tipburn (TB). These traits were investigated in 168 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RIL) and 52 Introgression Lines (IL) derived from the cross between Solanum lycopersicum var. “MoneyMaker” and S. pimpinellifolium accession TO-937. Mapping populations were cultivated under increased temperature regimen conditions: T1 (25°C day/21°C night), T2 (30°C day/25°C night) and T3 (35°C day/30°C night). The increase in temperature drastically affected several reproductive traits, for example, FRS in Moneymaker was reduced between 75 and 87% at T2 and T3 when compared to T1, while several RILs showed a reduction of less than 50%. QTL analysis allowed the identification of genomic regions affecting these traits at different temperatures regimens. A total of 22 QTLs involved in reproductive traits at different temperatures were identified by multi-environmental QTL analysis and eight involved in pollen viability traits. Most QTLs were temperature specific, except QTLs on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12. Moreover, a QTL located in chromosome 7 was identified for low incidence of TP in the RIL population, which was confirmed in ILs with introgressions on chromosome 7. Furthermore, ILs with introgressions in chromosomes 1 and 12 had good FRN and FRS in T3 in replicated trials. These results represent a catalog of QTLs and pre-breeding materials that could be used as the starting point for deciphering the genetic control of the genetic response of reproductive traits at different temperatures and paving the road for developing new cultivars adapted to climate change.
Perceived Relevance of Automatic Code Inspection in End-User Development: A Study on VBA

Microsoft VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) is a programming language widely used by end-user programmers, often alongside the popular spreadsheet software Excel. Together they form the popular Excel-VBA application ecosystem. Despite being popular, spreadsheets are known to be fault-prone, and to minimize risk of faults in the overall Excel-VBA ecosystem, it is important to support end-user programmers in improving the code quality of their VBA programs also, in addition to improving spreadsheet technology and practices. In traditional software development, automatic code inspection using static analysis tools has been found effective in improving code quality, but the practical relevance of this technique in an end-user development context remains unexplored. With the aim of popularizing it in the end-user community, in this paper we examine the relevance of automatic code inspection in terms of how inspection rules are perceived by VBA programmers. We conduct a qualitative study consisting of interviews with 14 VBA programmers, who share their perceptions about 20 inspection rules that most frequently detected code quality issues in an industrial dataset of 25 VBA applications, obtained from a financial services company. Results show that the 20 studied inspection rules can be grouped into three categories of user perceptions based on the type of issues they warn about: i) 11 rules that warn about serious problems which need fixing, ii) 7 rules that warn about bad practices which do not mandate fixing, and iii) 2 rules that warn about purposeful code elements rather than issues. Based on these perceptions, we conclude that automatic code inspection is considerably relevant in an end-user development context such as VBA. The perceptions also indicate which inspection rules deserve the most attention from interested researchers and tool developers. Lastly, our results also reveal 3 additional issue types that are not covered by the existing inspection rules, and are therefore impetus for creating new rules.
Histone Deacetylases Inhibitors in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Neuroprotection and Neuronal Differentiation

Histone deacetylases (HADC) are the enzymes that remove acetyl group from lysine residue of histones and non-histone proteins and regulate the process of transcription by binding to transcription factors and regulating fundamental cellular process such as cellular proliferation, differentiation and development. In neurodegenerative diseases, the histone acetylation homeostasis is greatly impaired, shifting towards a state of hypoacetylation. The histone hyperacetylation produced by direct inhibition of HDACs leads to neuroprotective actions. This review attempts to elaborate on role of small molecule inhibitors of HDACs on neuronal differentiation and throws light on the potential of HDAC inhibitors as therapeutic agents for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The role of HDACs in neuronal cellular and disease models and their modulation with HDAC inhibitors are also discussed. Significance of these HDAC inhibitors has been reviewed on the process of neuronal differentiation, neurite outgrowth and neuroprotection regarding their potential therapeutic application for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Plating for treatment of femoral and tibial stem tip pain in stemmed revision total knee arthroplasty: A case report

INTRODUCTION With an increasingly aging population and increasing numbers of patients undergoing primary knee arthroplasty, there are also greater numbers of revision surgeries performed each year in the United Kingdom. The number of knee revisions has risen from 1,995 in 2010 to 5,856 in 2016. Revision of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is technically demanding, costly, and associated with higher complication rates than primary arthroplasty. Stemmed implants are commonly used in revision arthroplasty to achieve diaphyseal fixation; bone loss is a common problem, which makes metaphyseal fixation challenging. Pain at the tip of stemmed implants is a well-known complication. It is believed to be caused by a stiffness mismatch between the stem and the bone. Pain at the stem tip has been reported as more common with solid cobalt chrome stems than with slotted titanium stems (18.8% and 8.1%, respectively). This can be explained by the fact that solid cobalt chrome stems have a highmodulus of elasticity, leading to abrupt transition in stiffness across a short length of the bone. This pain can be severe and profoundly affects the patient’s outcome and satisfaction. Usually radiographs do not show any overt abnormality, which makes further revision of a knee replacement with stem-end pain an unpredictable procedure leading to disappointing results. We present a patient with a painful TKA revision treated with two low-contact dynamic compression plates (DCP). Informed consent was obtained from the patient.
Work-conserving dynamic TDM-based memory arbitration for multi-criticality real-time systems. (Arbitrage mémoire dynamique non-oisif basé sur TDM pour des systèmes multi-criticité temps réel)

Les architectures multi-cœurs posent de nombreux defis dans les systemes temps reel, qui decoulent des conflits entre les acces simultanes a la memoire partagee. Parmi les politiques d'arbitrage memoire disponibles, le multiplexage temporel, en anglais Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM), assure un comportement predictible en limitant les latences d'acces et en garantissant une bande passante aux tâches independamment des autres tâches. Pour ce faire, TDM garantit un acces exclusif a la memoire partagee dans une fenetre temporelle fixe. L'approche TDM, cependant, fournit une faible utilisation des ressources car elle oisive. De plus, elle est tres inefficace pour les ressources ayant des latences d'acces tres variables, comme le partage de l'acces a une memoire DRAM. La longueur constante d'une fenetre TDM est donc tres pessimiste et entraine une sous-utilisation de la memoire. Pour pallier ces limitations, nous presentons des mecanismes d'arbitrage dynamique bases sur TDM. Cependant, plutot que d'arbitrer au niveau des fenetres TDM, notre approche fonctionne a la granularite des cycles d'horloge en exploitant les temps morts accumules par les requetes precedentes. Cela permet a l'arbitre de reorganiser les requetes memoire, d'exploiter les latences d'acces reelles des requetes, et donc d'ameliorer l'utilisation de la memoire. Nous demontrons que nos politiques sont analysables car elles preservent les garanties de TDM dans le pire des cas, alors que nos experiences montrent une amelioration significative de l'utilisation de la memoire.
Algorithmes de super-résolution pour la microscopie à balayage laser avec modelage de faisceau par diffraction conique. (Super-resolution algorithms for laser scanning microscopy with illumination patterns shaped by conical diffraction)

Cette these s'interesse a des techniques non lineaires de reconstruction d'images, appliquees au probleme de la super-resolution en microscopie, qui vise a depasser la limite de resolution de Abbe en combinant des techniques de mesure et de traitement d'images. Nous considerons un systeme a fluorescence avec une methode d'Image Scanning Microscopy (ISM), produisant des micro-images obtenues en scannant un echantillon biologique et en y projetant une distribution lumineuse. La forme de cette distribution peut etre assez singuliere lorsqu'elle est creee par un modelage de faisceau laser, rendu possible grâce a un phenomene optique appele diffraction conique. Un cadre mathematique s'appuyant sur la transformee de Fourier a quatre dimensions est propose, permettant de comparer theoriquement les methodes ISM, en quantifiant leur impact en terme de resolution. Nous considerons egalement la modelisation mathematique exacte de ces methodes et en particulier les questions de discretisation, permettant ensuite de simuler un systeme ISM. Cette modelisation est indispensable lorsque l'on cherche a resoudre le probleme inverse induit par la super-resolution. Nous abordons sa resolution avec des contraintes tres faibles, a savoir uniquement la positivite de l'image recherchee. Nous mettons en evidence un artefact, appele night sky, produit par l'estimateur du Maximum A Posteriori (MAP). Nous montrons neanmoins que cet artefact peut etre evite en imposant a l'image super-resolue d'etre a bande limitee, contrainte convexe qui peut etre ajoutee a la positivite moyennant un algorithme de projection adapte. Nous introduisons ensuite un nouvel estimateur, le E-LSE, pour Emitters-Least-Square Error, qui minimise l'erreur quadratique moyenne a posteriori et qui est adapte aux images parcimonieuses, une caracteristique souvent satisfaite par les images biologiques obtenues en microscopie a fluorescence. Nous montrons qu'en depit de la dimension elevee et du caractere non convexe de la contrainte de parcimonie, cet estimateur E-LSE peut-etre evalue numeriquement par un algorithme de type MCMC (Markov chain Monte Carlo). L'estimateur E-LSE permet de limiter certains artefacts specifiques du MAP et, sur plusieurs exemples, produit une image mieux resolue.
Representing Numerosity Through Vibration Patterns

It can be useful to display information about numerosity haptically. For instance, to display the time of day or distances when visual or auditory feedback is not possible or desirable. Here, we investigated the possibility of displaying numerosity information by means of a sequence of vibration pulses. From previous studies on numerosity perception in vision, haptics and audition it is known that numerosity judgment can be facilitated by grouping. Therefore, we investigated whether perception of the number of vibration pulses in a sequence can be facilitated by temporally grouping the pulses. We found that indeed temporal grouping can lead to considerably smaller errors and lower error rates indicating that this facilitated the task, but only when participants knew in advance whether the pulses would be temporally grouped. When grouped and ungrouped series of pulses were presented randomly interleaved, there was no difference in performance. This means that temporally grouping vibration sequences can allow the sequence to be displayed at a faster rate while it remains possible to perceive the number of vibration pulses accurately if the users is aware of the temporal grouping.
Contrasting Efficiency of Electron-induced Reaction at Cu(110) in Aliphatic and Aromatic Bromides.

We report a comparative study of the electron-induced reaction of pentyl bromide (PeBr) and phenyl bromide (PhBr) on Cu(110) at 4.6 K, observed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The induced dissociation of the intact adsorbed molecule for both reagents occurred at an energy of 2.0 eV, producing a hydrocarbon radical and a Br-atom. Electron-induced C-Br bond dissociation was found to be a single-electron process for both reagents. The Impulsive Two-State (I2S) model was used to describe the Br-atom recoil as due to molecular excitation to a repulsive anti-bonding state, in which recoil of the dissociation products occurred due to C•Br repulsion along the prior C-Br bond-direction. The measured reaction yield was three orders-of-magnitude greater for PeBr, 2.0  10-7 reactive events per electron, than for PhBr with a yield of 1.7  10-10. The low yield of dissociation products from the aromatic PhBr was attributed to the presence of two additional anionic states below the 2.0 eV energy limit, absent for the aliphatic PeBr; these additional anionic states for PhBr could provide a pathway for electron-transfer to the surface in the case of the aromatic, but not the aliphatic, anion. The consequent shorter lifetime of the repulsive aromatic anion of PhBr is consistent with the observation of shorter mean recoil-distance (3.2 Å) of its Br dissociation product, as compared with the markedly longer recoil (8.7 Å) of Br observed from the anion of PeBr.
HMGA1 accelerates the malignant progression of gastric cancer through stimulating EMT.

OBJECTIVE To clarify the role of HMGA1 in influencing proliferation and migration abilities, and EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) in gastric cancer (GC) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Differential expressions of HMGA1 in GC tissues and normal gastric tissues were analyzed in the GEPIA dataset. Its influence on overall survival of GC patients was evaluated as well. Moreover, HMGA1 levels in GC cells and gastric mucosal cells were detected. Regulatory effects of HMGA1 on the proliferation and migration abilities in SGC7901 and MGC803 cells were assessed through a series of functional experiments. At last, influences of HMGA1 on the expression levels of EMT-related genes, E-cadherin, Snail, and Slug were determined in GC cells. RESULTS Analysis of data in TCGA GEPIA dataset revealed that HMGA1 was upregulated in GC tissues, and GC patients with a high expression level of HMGA1 suffered poorer prognosis. In addition, HMGA1 was identically upregulated in GC cells, and the overexpression of HMGA1 improved the proliferation and migration abilities of SGC7901 and MGC803 cells, downregulated E-cadherin, and upregulated Snail and Slug in GC cells, while silence of HMAG1 yielded the opposite results CONCLUSIONS: HMGA1 is upregulated in GC tissues and predicts poor prognosis, and it aggravates the progression of GC via stimulating EMT.
Signalling Overlaps between Nitrate and Auxin in Regulation of The Root System Architecture: Insights from the Arabidopsis thaliana

Nitrate (NO3–) and auxin are key regulators of root growth and development, modulating the signalling cascades in auxin-induced lateral root formation. Auxin biosynthesis, transport, and transduction are significantly altered by nitrate. A decrease in nitrate (NO3–) supply tends to promote auxin translocation from shoots to roots and vice-versa. This nitrate mediated auxin biosynthesis regulating lateral roots growth is induced by the nitrate transporters and its downstream transcription factors. Most nitrate responsive genes (short-term and long-term) are involved in signalling overlap between nitrate and auxin, thereby inducing lateral roots initiation, emergence, and development. Moreover, in the auxin signalling pathway, the varying nitrate supply regulates lateral roots development by modulating the auxin accumulation in the roots. Here, we focus on the roles of nitrate responsive genes in mediating auxin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis root, and the mechanism involved in the transport of auxin at different nitrate levels. In addition, this review also provides an insight into the significance of nitrate responsive regulatory module and their downstream transcription factors in root system architecture in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
Effect of Cobalt, Nickel, and Selenium/Tungsten Deficiency on Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Chemically Defined Soluble Organic Compounds

Trace elements (TEs) are vital for anaerobic digestion (AD), due to their role as cofactors in many key enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of specific TE deficiencies on mixed microbial communities during AD of soluble polymer-free substrates, thus focusing on AD after hydrolysis. Three mesophilic (37 °C) continuous stirred-tank biogas reactors were depleted either of Co, Ni, or a combination of Se and W, respectively, by discontinuing their supplementation. Ni and Se/W depletion led to changes in methane kinetics, linked to progressive volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation, eventually resulting in process failure. No significant changes occurred in the Co-depleted reactor, indicating that the amount of Co present in the substrate in absence of supplementation was sufficient to maintain process stability. Archaeal communities remained fairly stable independent of TE concentrations, while bacterial communities gradually changed with VFA accumulation in Ni- and Se-/W-depleted reactors. Despite this, the communities remained relatively similar between these two reactors, suggesting that the major shifts in composition likely occurred due to the accumulating VFAs. Overall, the results indicate that Ni and Se/W depletion primarily lead to slower metabolic activities of methanogenic archaea and their syntrophic partners, which then has a ripple effect throughout the microbial community due to a gradual accumulation of intermediate fermentation products.