Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scotland's Rural College Bacterial community composition and diversity respond to nutrient amendment but not warming in a maritime Antarctic soil Newsham,

A resumption of climate warming in maritime Antarctica, arising from continued greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere, is predicted to lead to further expansions of plant populations across the region, with consequent increases in nutrient inputs to soils. Here, we test the main and interactive effects of warming, applied with open top chambers (OTCs), and nutrient amendment with tryptic soy broth (TSB), an artificial 25 growth substrate, on bacterial community composition and diversity using Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in soil from a field experiment in the southern maritime Antarctic. Substantial effects of TSB application on bacterial communities were identified after 49 months, including reduced diversity, altered phylogenetic community assembly processes, increased Proteobacteria to Acidobacteria ratios, and significant divergence in community composition, notably increases in the relative abundances of the Gram positive genera Arthrobacter, 30 Paeniglutamicibacter and Planococcus. Contrary to previous observations from other maritime Antarctic field warming experiments, we recorded no effects of warming with OTCs, or interactive effects of OTCs and TSB application, on bacterial community composition or diversity. Based on these findings, we conclude that further warming of the maritime Antarctic is unlikely to influence soil bacterial community composition or diversity directly, but that increased nutrient inputs arising from enhanced plant growth across the region may affect the 35 composition of soil bacterial communities, with possible effects on ecosystem productivity.
FRANCHISING IN INDONESIA: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY FROM FRANCHISEE PERSPECTIVE

This study examines the issues and challenges of international franchising from the perspective of franchisees in an emerging market, Indonesia. Due to the popularity of restaurant franchising, this sector is the focus of the present study. This study attempts to validate a similar study done in South Korea. Based on data gathered from 85% of the US restaurant franchises operating in Indonesia, our results reveal that brand value is a key component in franchise selection criteria as well as one of the success factors in running a franchise. The findings justify a highly efficient franchise system as the most important factor in selecting US franchises. In addition, cleanliness and high quality food are recognized as factors attributing to the success of US franchises. Training is found to be needed in areas of service and food preparation in order to maintain the standards set by the franchisors. In addition, a survey of local consumers discloses that they prefer to go to shopping malls to get food from US franchises. The results of this study will provide important lessons for both international franchisees and US franchisors.
Influence of Supplementary Vitamin D on the Prognostic Pathway of Type1 Diabetes Among Children

1Professor of Community, Environmental and Occupational medicine, Department of Medical Science, Institute of Environmental Studies and Research, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. 2Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatric and Adolescence Diabetes Unit, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. 3Professor of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. 4Department of Environmental and Occupational medicine, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
Exploring Heterogeneous Clues for Weakly-Supervised Audio-Visual Video Parsing

We investigate the weakly-supervised audio-visual video parsing task, which aims to parse a video into temporal event segments and predict the audible or visible event categories. The task is challenging since there only exist video-level event labels for training, without indicating the temporal boundaries and modalities. Previous works take the overall event labels to supervise both audio and visual model predictions. However, we argue that such overall labels harm the model training due to the audio-visual asynchrony. For example, commentators speak in a basketball video, but we cannot visually find the speakers. In this paper, we tackle this issue by leveraging the cross-modal correspondence of audio and visual signals. We generate reliable event labels individually for each modality by swapping audio and visual tracks with other unrelated videos. If the original visual/audio data contain event clues, the event prediction from the newly assembled data would still be highly confident. In this way, we could protect our models from being misled by ambiguous event labels. In addition, we propose the cross-modal audio-visual contrastive learning to induce temporal difference on attention models within videos, i.e., urging the model to pick the current temporal segment from all context candidates. Experiments show we outperform state-of-the-art methods by a large margin.
A prospective analysis of intra-abdominal pressures and outcome in patients undergoing emergency laparotomies

Background: As many studies have been done upon IAP and its outcome on the patients that Intra-Abdominal Hypertension (IAH) leaves an impact on every organ. In recent times it is strangely under diagnosed. Although IAP is an independent predictor in measuring the morbidity and mortality. Aim and Objectives: To evaluate changes in various clinical parameters due to increasing Intra-abdominal Pressure and also to evaluate the Morbidity and Mortality in patients who develop abnormal Intra-Abdominal Pressure Methodology: The present study was a prospective analysis of IAP in patients presenting to surgical emergency of Mahavir Institute of Medical Sciences, Shivareddypet, Vikarabad, Ranga Reddy -Telangana, India.over a period of 1year from December 2019 to December 2020. A total number of 40 patients were assessed with regards to their clinical diagnosis, vital parameters al presentation, IAP and the morbidity and mortality. The SEDREK’S Technique of IAP measurement was used to determine the IAP. In this method, the Foleys catheter is marked as ‘0’, few mm proximal to the Y-junction, which serves as the zero reference point when it is at the level of symphysis pubis.The drainage tubing is marked at an increment of 1 cm on the tape, starting from the mark on the foley’s catheter as ‘0’. Next introduce 50 to 100 ml of sterile saline into the bladder. After reconnecting the Foley’s catheter to the drainage tubing, the zero reference point is kept at the level of pubic symphysis and the drainage tubing is raised vertically. Result and Conclusion: IAP was found to be a significant predictor of mortality in patients undergoing laparotomy (P
Effects of Vitamin D on doxorubucin-induced lung injury and TRPM2 immunoreactivity in rats

Amac: Doksorubusin (DOX), yaygin olarak kullanilan bir kemoterapotik ajan olmasina ragmen, bircok organda onemli toksik yan etkilere sebep olmaktadir. Bu calisma, D vitamininin (VD), DOX ile induklenen akciger hasari ve Ca2+ gecirgen katyon kanali olan, gecici reseptor potansiyeli melastatin 2 (TRPM2) ekspresyonuna etkilerini arastirmayi amaclamaktadir. Yontemler: 24 Wistar albino sican dort esit gruba ayrildi. Kontrol grubu; hicbir uygulama yapilmadi. VD grubu; 14 gun boyunca oral damlalikla (o.d.) 200 IU/kg VD uygulandi. DOX grubu; 8. gunde tek doz 10 mg/kg DOX intraperitoneal (i.p.) olarak uygulandi. DOX + VD grubu; 14 gun boyunca o.d. ile 200 IU/kg VD uygulandi, 8. gunde tek doz 10 mg/kg DOX i.p. olarak uygulandi. Deney sonunda tum sicanlardan akciger ve serum ornekleri toplandi. Akciger doku kesitlerine Masson'un trikrom boyama yontemi ve streptavidin-biotin-peroksidaz kompleks yontemi uygulandi. Serum toplam antioksidan seviyesi (TAS) ve toplam oksidan seviyesi (TOS) enzime bagli immunosorbent testi (ELISA) yontemi ile degerlendirildi. Bulgular: DOX grubunda kontrol grubuna gore histopatolojik hasar gozlenirken, biyokimyasal ve immunohistokimyasal degerlendirmede, TOS duzeyinin ve TRPM2 ekspresyonunun anlamli olarak arttigi, TAS duzeyinin ise anlamli olarak azaldigi saptandi (P<0,001). Diger taraftan, VD uygulamasinin, DOX grubuna kiyasla, DOX+ VD grubunda bu degerleri onemli olcude tersine cevirdigi gozlendi (P<0,001). Sonuc: VD, DOX'un neden oldugu akciger hasari uzerinde koruyucu bir etki gosterdi. Verilerimiz ayrica, TRPM2 kanalinin DOX ile induklenen akciger hasarinin patofizyolojisinde bir rolu olabilecegini dusundurmektedir.
Trafﬁc Forecasting using Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication and Recurrent Neural Networks

We use vehicle-to-vehicle communication to make individualized trafﬁc predictions on board of connected vehicles. Traditionally, trafﬁc predictions rely on physics-based trafﬁc models, where the propagation of congestion waves is simulated. Here we propose a hybrid model in which we supplement physics-based models with deep learning. We use a recurrent neural network to correct the errors of physics-based predictions and improve overall accuracy. Our model predicts velocity up to 40 seconds into the future with improved accuracy over physics-based baselines.
Analyzing the impact of substitutions in football matches

This Master’s Thesis analyzes the impact of substitutions within the game of football. Event data from seven top leagues is used from the 2017/2018 season. The most important predictor variables for the classification task of all match outcomes were found. The four different performed classification methods were: Ordinal Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines and Naive Bayes. As a result, the Random Forest method appeared to be the best predicting and interpretable method. Offensively, the resulting most important variables were the ‘Expected goals’ and the ‘Shots on target’ metrics. Defensively, the most important variables were the ‘Duels won’ and ‘PPDA’ metrics. Finally, by a panel data analysis, the substitution impact on respective variables was investigated. Depending on the scoreline scenario, on average, a statistically significant impact is made on the variables by substitutions. On average, top-ranked teams’ substitutions seem to have a greater impact than low-ranked teams’ substitutions. Within the final section of this thesis, the late-scoring teams’ substitution strategy was also investigated. It was observed that late-scoring teams, on average, utilize their offensive substitutions earlier and substitute more offensively than its opponents.
Comparisons and correlations of anti mullerian hormone and thyroid stimulating hormones in fertile and subfertile women

Introduction and Objectives: Thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity are related to adverse impact on fertility in reproductive aged women. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), biomarker of ‘ovarian age’ may be affected by impaired thyroid function, but the relationship between AMH and thyroid hormone is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on AMH levels. Materials and Methods: In this case–control study, to identify the impact of thyroid hormone on ovarian reserve, we recruited 30 consecutive Indian infertile patients and 30 normal fertile women aged 19 –39 years without impact factors on thyroid and ovarian functions between April 2017 and September 2017. We assessed patient age, AMH, and TSH levels of all study participants as independent variables. We also evaluated the correlations between AMH and TSH in our study groups. In addition, independent variables were subjected to multiple regression analysis. Results: Our results showed significant changes in AMH and TSH between groups. The increased TSH status in the subfertile cases was inversely correlated with the TSH levels (r=-0.44, p<0.05). The TSH levels were independently associated with the decreased AMH levels in infertile patients (β= 0.82 p = < 0.0001). Conclusion: AMH levels were inversely correlated with TSH levels in infertile women of reproductive age. Further studies with large sample size are warranted in future.
Morphological, molecular and resistance responses to soft-rot disease variability among plantlets of Phalaenopsis amabilis regenerated from irradiated protocorms

Abstract. Putri HA, Purwito A, Sudarsono, Sukma D. 2021. Morphological, molecular and resistance responses to soft-rot disease variability among plantlets of Phalaenopsis amabilis regenerated from irradiated protocorms. Biodiversitas 22: 1077-1090. Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume is a prominent donor for the white petal and sepal trait in Phalaenopsis breeding. However, it has an undesirable character, such as susceptible to soft-rot disease. Therefore, developing soft-rot resistance mutants through gamma irradiation could be explored. This study aimed to evaluate the variability of plantlets regenerated from irradiated and non-irradiated protocorms using morphology, stomatal size and molecular markers and to test responses of the plantlets against soft-rot disease. The plantlets were regenerated from irradiated (5, 10, 15 or 20 Gy) and non-irradiated protocorms. The results showed that P. amabilis plantlet variants were successfully identified based on their leaf morphology and stomatal size variations. A few plantlets have low stomatal densities, large stomatal size, and high chloroplast numbers, which indicated they were polyploids. Leaf disc assay for soft-rot disease response grouped most of the plantlets into very susceptible or susceptible. Moreover, four soft-rot resistant plantlets regenerated from irradiated and non-irradiated protocorms were successfully identified. The resistant plantlets were identified after three consecutive periods of inoculations with pathogens causing soft-rot disease. The evaluation also confirmed nucleotide variation in the Pto gene isolated from different levels of plantlet variant resistance responses.
Probable Forecasting of Epidemic COVID-19 in Using COCUDE Model

The world has been struck due to the dangerous human threat called Corona Virus Disease 2019. This research work proposes a methodology to encounter the future infection rate, curing rate, and decease rate. This uses the artificial intelligence algorithm to design and develop the proposed confirmed, cured, deceased (COCUDE) model. A machine learning model has been developed with several iterations to design the proposed COCUDE model. The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), and Correlated Akaike Information criterion (AICc) metrics are analyzed to check the stationary and quality for the proposed COCUDE model. The prediction results are evaluated by the performance error metrics such as mean square error (MSE) and root mean square error (RMSE), in which the errors are lower for the proposed model. Thus, the prediction results indicate the proposed COCUDE model might accurately predict future COVID-19 infection rates. It might support the corresponding authorities to take the precautious action on the required necessities for the medical and clinical infrastructures and equipment.
Rapid Deswelling of Porous Poly[2-(N-morpholino)ethyl methacrylate] Hydrogel and Controlled Release of Ibuprofen

ABSTRACT A novel, rapidly responsive, cross-linkedpoly[(2-N morpholino)ethyl methacrylate] (PMEMA) hydrogel was synthesized through free radical polymerization at room temperature. The highly swellable PMEMA gel displayed rapid deswelling kinetics in response to salt and temperature changes in its environment. During the deswelling test the hydrogel lost 75% of its water within 4 min in response to the salt effect, while it lost only 30% of its water in response to a temperature change within the same interval. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the PMEMA gel has numerous open pore channels allowing rapid diffusion of water or water-soluble molecules from the gel matrix. Such a rapid response to environmental stimuli is promising for biomedical applications. Therefore, the designed gel was used as a potential drug carrier using water insoluble Ibuprofen (IBU) as a test drug. The results suggest that the PMEMA hydrogel would be beneficial for achieving a slow/controlled release of water-insoluble drugs.
Contextual Effect of Posyandu on the Risk of Stunting in Children Under Five, Klaten, Central Java

Background: Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five as a result of chronic malnutrition. Environmental inter­ventions such as water, sanitation and hygiene behavior (WASH) can be used as a strategy to reduce the high incidence of stunting. This study aims to determine environmental factors and other factors on the incidence of stunting in toddlers. Subjects and Method: This study was an observational analytic study with a case-control approach. This research was conducted in July 2019 – August 2019 in Klaten Regency, Central Java. A total of 200 samples was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent vari­able was stunting. The independent variables were mother's education, family income, num­ber of family members, water sources, sanita­tion, history of infectious diseases, family diet, hand washing behavior and posyandu strata. The data collection technique used a question­naire and analyzed by a multiple multilevel logistic regression. Results: The risk of stunting increased with low maternal education <Senior high school (b= 3.43; 95% CI= 1.47 to 5.40; p <0.001), low family income (b= 2.72; 95% CI= 0.80 to 4.64; p= 0.005), family members ≥5 (b= 2.26; 95% CI= 0.65 to 3.87; p = 0.006), households with open water sources (b= 2.28 95% CI= 0.74 to 3.83; p= 0.004), inadequate sanitation (b= 2.66; 95% CI= 1.06 to 4.26; p <0.001), children had a history of infectious disease (b= 2.29; 95% CI= 0.70 to 3.88; p= 0.005), family diet (b= 2.39; 95% CI= 0.67 to 4.11; p= 0.006), and mothers did not wash their hands (b= 2.10; 95% CI= 0.63 to 3.56; p= 0.005). Posyandu strata had strong contextual effect on stunting in children under five with intra-class corre­la­tion (ICC) = 34.84%. Conclusion: The risk of stunting increases with low maternal education, low family income, family members ≥5, households with open water sources, inadequate sanitation, children had a history of infectious disease, family diet, and mothers did not wash their hands. Posyandu strata has strong contextual effect on stunting in children under five. Keywords: stunting, water sources, sanita­tion, history of infectious diseases Correspondence: Anna Mariyana. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: annamariyana28.am@gmail.com. Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(06): 725-736 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020. 05.06. 12.
Association between Influenza-like illness and acute myocardial infarction patients: A case-control study

Seasonal Influenza can cause cardiovascular complications. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate recent influenza-like illnesses (ILI) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients compared to other hospitalized patients as the control group during the cold season in the north of Iran. This retrospective case-control study included 300 patients (150 AMI patients and 150 controls) aged > 50 years hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or other conditions between September 22, 2019, and March 15, 2020. Patients in each group were frequency-matched for gender and age range. The primary exposure was a recent ILI (fever > 37.8 C, cough, and sore throat) in the past month. The patients' mean age was 64.42 +- 9.47 years, with a range of 50-94 years. Forty-five (15%) patients had diseases that met the ILI criteria. The AMI group patients significantly reported more ILI than controls (adjusted OR: 3.04, 95% CI: 1.02 to 9.09, p < 0.001). On the other hand, patients who received the influenza vaccine were significantly less likely to have an acute myocardial infarction than those who did not receive the vaccine (adjusted OR: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.38, p = 0.006). In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that ILI can significantly increase the risk of AMI. Also, it was confirmed that Influenza vaccination could significantly reduce the risk of AMI.
Desaturated EUV Flare Ribbons in an X-class Flare

This paper studies the energy dissipation of nonthermal electrons in the chromospheric flare ribbons during the peak time of a Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite X-class flare (SOL2011-09-06) using desaturated Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) narrow-band images. The temperature distribution in emission measure, called the differential emission measure (DEM), derived from the EUV fluxes from the flare ribbons shows an increase in the emission measure up to a temperature around 9 × 106 K, followed by a steep decline at higher temperatures. In contrast, the flare loop reaches temperatures up to 27 × 106 K. This result is in agreement with previously reported single-temperature measurements using soft X-ray filter images, as well as DEM distributions reported for smaller flares obtained from EUV line observations. The main difference between small and large flares appears to be an increased emission measure in the flare ribbons, while the ribbon peak temperature is similar for all flares. This is different from the flare loop temperatures, where the hottest temperatures occur in the largest flares. However, the physically relevant quantity for energy dissipation, the energy content of the heated plasma as a function of temperature, does not need to peak at the same temperature as the DEM. The poorly constrained source thickness in radial extent of the flare ribbons has a significant impact on the shape of the differential thermal energy distribution. In particular, if the highest temperatures occur over a wide radial extent as “evaporating” plasma starts expending, the largest amount of energy could potentially be hidden above the peak temperature of the DEM.
On the Connection between Solar Surface Magnetic Flux and the Total Solar Irradiance

Solar surface magnetic flux evolution plays a dominant role in the variability of total solar irradiance (TSI). Different proxies of magnetic activity have been introduced to correlate solar variability and TSI. We present the daily strong flux densities (SFDs) and weak flux densities (WFDs) defined with three magnetic thresholds calculated from the Solar Dynamic Observatory/Helioseismic Magnetic Imager. TSI measurements are from the radiometers of the Variability of Solar Irradiance and Gravity Oscillations experiment on the Solar and Heliosphere Observatory, and sunspot area (SSA) is from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. We characterize the influence of the magnetic flux density variation on the TSI using the Pearson, Spearman, and percentage bend correlations and wavelet analysis between the TSI and the flux density. The Pearson’s correlation shows that the TSI is negatively and strongly correlated with SFD and moderately with SSA; Spearman and 20% bend correlation shows that the TSI is moderately correlated with SFD and weakly with SSA on solar maximum, but weakly correlated on solar minimum. However, the TSI is not correlated with WFD during solar maximum and minimum. The bootstrapping tests also confirm that the influence of SFD on TSI is more significant than that of SSA. Finally, a wavelet analysis supports the idea that the SFD and TSI have a causality linkage and that the SFD dominantly influences the TSI variability on the rotational timescale.