Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Late- to post-Variscan tectonics and the kinematic relationship with W–Sn vein-type mineralization: evidence from Late Carboniferous intramontane basins (Porto–Sátão syncline, Variscan Iberian belt)

Many studies have constrained that late-Variscan buckling produced the arcuate geometry of the Ibero-Armorican belt. Nonetheless, debate remains on the associated geodynamic framework. Poorly studied Late Carboniferous intramontane basins offer an excellent framework to decipher the timing and kinematics of the late- to post-Variscan tectonics. Understanding the latter also helps constrain the structural emplacement mode of contemporaneous W–Sn–Nb–Ta–Li mineralization. In Iberia, the Porto–Sátão syncline is an example of such a Late Carboniferous intramontane basin. We present a structural analysis of the syncline, its basement and the associated W–Sn deposits. The regional structure is dictated by the Alcudian angular unconformity, caused by Cadomian tectonics (575–555 Ma) and separating tilted Ediacaran and subhorizontal Lower Paleozoic formations. Superimposed Variscan deformation led to F1–F3 folds with steep and gentle plunges, respectively. The late-orogenic D3 fabric is locally affected by post-orogenic F4 kink folds and an S4 crenulation cleavage. W–Sn-bearing vein systems occur along granite-hosted cone sheets, or exploit cross-fold joints associated with the F3 and F4 fold generations, revealing a close kinematic relationship between granite-related mineralization and the late- to post-Variscan deformation style. This structural history is interpreted as a plate-scale geodynamic change from Late Carboniferous north–south (D3) to Early Permian WNW–ESE (D4) convergence.
PRESCHOOL EDUCATORS’ VIEWS ON SUPPORTING CHILDREN WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION

Schools are considered the ideal place to provide mental health services. International literature highlights the importance of early detection of mental health problems and the implementation of preventive interventions in school context. The present study aims to explore preschool teachers’ views regarding the involvement of the school in the prevention and treatment of students' mental health problems in preschool education and the ways in which the school can assist in supporting students. The sample of the research consisted of 115 preschool teachers. The method of data collection was a questionnaire. The results of the research showed that the majority of teachers believe that the school should be involved in the prevention and treatment of children's mental health problems. In addition, they defined the characteristics of mental health in preschool children. Simultaneously, they argue that enhancing a child's self-confidence, developing positive interpersonal relationships between teachers and students and collaborative relationships with parents are the main ways in which the school can support students with mental health problems. Research findings could be utilized in designing mental health promotion interventions. Article visualizations:
A Review of Human Physiological Responses to Light: Implications for the Development of Integrative Lighting Solutions

ABSTRACT Architectural lighting has potent biological effects but applied lighting practices that capitalize on this potential have been limited. In this review, we endeavor to consolidate and synthesize key references that will be useful for lighting professionals, with the goal of supporting knowledge translation into pragmatic lighting strategies. Specifically, we explain relevant terminology, outline basic concepts, identify key references, provide a balanced overview of the current state of knowledge, and highlight important remaining questions. We summarize the physiological effects of light on human health and well-being, including a description of the processes underlying the photic regulation of circadian, neuroendocrine, and neurobehavioral functions. We review seminal work elucidating the elements mediating the potency of light for these physiological responses, with specific attention to factors critical for interpreting those findings. In parallel, we explain and endorse melanopic Equivalent Daylight Illuminance ( ) as the preferred measure to quantify the biological potency of light. Ultimately, while future studies are necessary to further facilitate the translation of laboratory knowledge to domestic and workplace settings, the immediate potential for applied lighting to better support human health is clear. Aiming for integrative lighting solutions that have biologically high potency light during the day and low potency during the night is perhaps the most immediate improvement to be made in order to better support applications for humans.
Polyacrylic Acid-Induced Self-Assembly of CdSe Nanoparticles into a Two-Dimensional Crystal: Experiment and Theory

Under the depletion effect of poly(acrylic acid) chains, CdSe nanoparticles coated with oleic acid ligand aggregated into clusters and self-assembled into an ordered two-dimensional hexagon-shaped array on the surface of a carbon film. Such behavior was also reproduced via dynamic density functional theory. Given the same condition, the aggregation enhancement of nanoparticles on the substrate and the ratio of hexagonal side length to vertex size in a crystal cell are similar in both experimental and theoretical sections, suggesting a reasonable interpretation of the mechanism of the disorder-to-order transition. Thereafter, the theoretical predictions reveal the range of spontaneous self-assembly, which can be directed, enhanced, or controlled by changing either nanoparticle size or interactions among nanoparticles, poly(acrylic acid), and substrate.
Two-stage textured-patterns embedded QR codes for printed matter authentication

The popular use of high quality printing and scanning equipment makes it easier to counterfeit important printed matter, such as important document, anti-counterfeit label on merchandise, packaging, etc. Previously, methods such as textured image, two level quick response (2LQR) code, fractional-order spatial steganography, etc., have been used for printed matter authentication. In this paper, a simplified model is proposed to analyze the variation of the correlation of textured-patterns (hereinafter called patterns) after the print-and-scan (P&S) process, which gives accurate mathematical descriptions of the information loss during P&S processes. Based on previous theoretical results, we propose the two-stage textured-patterns embedded QR (2SQR) codes for printed matter authentication, which are based on 2LQR codes and sensitive to P&S process. In the generation process, the stage two (S2) patterns are introduced, which are the corresponding P&S version of the textures in the 2LQR codes, i.e., stage one (S1) patterns. Then part of the S1 patterns in 2LQR codes are replace with the corresponding S2 patterns, resulting the 2SQR codes. In the authentication process, the 2SQR indicator is used to eliminate the need for the original image, which eliminates the storage and retrieval process of the original images. Experiments show that, compared with the 2LQR codes, the 2SQR codes significantly improve the performance in distinguishing the authentic codes and their copied version.
ESFUERZOS DE ALTA INTENSIDAD DURANTE LA COMPETICIÓN EN EL FÚTBOL PROFESIONAL

The aim, of this work was to quantify the number and duration of the very highspeed running and sprinting events (VHSRS) and the recovery interval between them in 36 first and second division professional soccer players. The players were monitored through GPS devices during two official matches. The average duration of the EMAVS was 2.58 ± 0.44 seconds with an average interval between them of 107.07 ± 67.00 s. The mean heart rate (HR) during the EMAVS was 164.92 ± 12.39 p.p.m. , reaching 85% of the maximum HR. No Rev.int.med.cienc. act. fís. deporte vol. 21 número 81 ISSN: 1577-0354 132 significant differences were found between the duration of the VHSRS, the intervals between them and the HR reached (p≤0.05 in all cases), with great individual variability. The use of the duration of the EMAVS, the recovery times and the HR reached during them, would be very useful to design the interval training in football. KEY WORD: interval training; sprint, soccer, football, performance, high-speed running
Trends in foodborne disease and implications for the dairy industry

Our understanding of the microbiology of milk and dairy products continues to evolve rapidly. The magnitude of the advances is illustrated well by some of the changes that have taken place since an International Dairy Congress was last held in Australia in 1970. Dairy microbiologists were not concerned with Listeria monocytogenes two decades ago, nor had they heard of Escherichia coliO157. Pathogens were not considered capable of growth in correctly refrigerated dairy products. Ingestion of a large number of cells of Salmonella was believed necessary to cause foodborne illness. As a result of these changes the food industry must deal with a much wider range of microbiological hazards, with important consequences for both the day-to-day maintenance of existing processes and the development of new products and processes. We have no reason to believe that this process of change will not continue during the next two decades. Scientific research and the development of new quality management techniques have enabled the industry to respond to new hazards effectively. HACCP is a well established component of the dairy industry's quality management systems, providing improved control of all microbiological hazards. The continuing development of sophisticated laboratory assays for antigens and nucleic acid sequences is providing more rapid, sensitive and reliable methods for detecting pathogens in environmental samples and products.
An Overview of the Factors Influencing Apple Cider Sensory and Microbial Quality from Raw Materials to Emerging Processing Technologies

Given apple, an easily adapted culture, and a large number of apple varieties, the production of apple cider is widespread globally. Through the fermentation process, a series of chemical changes take place depending on the apple juice composition, type of microorganism involved and technology applied. Following both fermentations, alcoholic and malo-lactic, and during maturation, the sensory profile of cider changes. This review summarises the current knowledge about the influence of apple variety and microorganisms involved in cider fermentation on the sensory and volatile profiles of cider. Implications of both Saccharomyces, non-Saccharomyces yeast and lactic acid bacteria, respectively, are discussed. Also are presented the emerging technologies applied to cider processing (pulsed electric field, microwave extraction, enzymatic, ultraviolet and ultrasound treatments, high-pressure and pulsed light processing) and the latest trends for a balanced production in terms of sustainability, authenticity and consumer preferences.
Assessment of Food Safety and Food Handling Practice Knowledge among College of Basic Education Students, Kuwait

The aim of this study is to assess the overall food safety knowledge of students at the College of Basic Education in Kuwait and to explore the relationship between their knowledge and demographic characteristics. A valid questionnaire was used that included 16 food handling practice (FHP) questions and 15 food safety knowledge (FSK) questions. Each question had one correct answer that was awarded a score of one point, while a score of zero was given for all incorrect answers. In addition, a passing percentage was calculated. A passing percentage is the percentage of participants who answered correctly ≥ 50% of the questions. A total of 585 students participated in the study (mean age = 21.3 ± 3.88 years). The results showed that the mean score of FHP was 7.56 ± 1.96 (47.2%), with the highest mean practices being using a paper towel to dry hands and washing hands before cooking or eating (91.5% and 90.1%, resp.). The lowest mean practices (5.3%) were checking the temperature of burgers followed by (6%) the way of defrosting meat. The mean score of FSK was 3.44 ± 2.00 (22.9%), with the highest mean knowledge (63.8%) being related to cleaning the kitchen counter. The lowest mean knowledge (6.8%) was related to the optimum growth temperature for the most disease-causing bacteria. The overall passing percentage of FHP was 55%, while it was 2.9% for FSK. The results obtained showed that the students with the highest FHP scores were generally female, aged ≥ 28 years, and single, and they cook by themselves all the time or sometimes ( p < 0.001 , p < 0.001 , p < 0.001 , and p = 0.004 , resp.). The students with the highest FSK scores were generally male and they cook by themselves all the time or sometimes ( p = 0.018 and p = 0.002 , resp.). In conclusion, the study showed that students had insufficient scores for FHP and FSK. Therefore, an effective food safety education programme is urgently needed.
Correlates of Enhancing Retweets Among Users: The Case of Nissan

The purpose of this paper is to determine which elements of Twitter stimulate the dissemination of messages in the microblogging community. We collected a database of 1,112 Spanish-speaking users for this study who had mentioned the keyword "Nissan" in their tweets, and performed a multiple regression analysis. We have found that certain characteristics of tweets (longer tweets that express feelings through mentions and lexical diversity) obtain higher dissemination rates compared to those that do not. Hashtags and links seem to distract users from processing the information and do not act as heuristic cues. Users want to find heuristic cues that help them process information easily in social media. However, the use of links or hashtags in tweets does not help with dissemination, as these elements distract users and decrease the limited writing space available. This paper offers insightful options for brands, marketers and professionals on how to maximize the impact of social media at no additional cost.
Phages as a potential biocontrol of phytobacteria

Abstract The ability of agriculture to continuously feed a growing world population depends essentially on the use of effective and sustainable strategies to control crop diseases. Currently used bacterial infection control strategies, involving antibiotics, pose a real threat to the environment and to human health, and are losing efficiency due to the appearance of bacterial resistance to these agents. The use of bacteriophages presents an attractive option to control plant bacterial pathogens. Numerous successful experiments and comprehensive studies have been published on bacteriophage-based biocontrol measures, discussing detailed results of phage application practices in pest management. They have led to a renewed interest in phages for the control of plant diseases caused by phytobacteria. The present review highlights the application of phages as a new therapy strategy, and looks at different challenges facing phages as biocontrol agents in agriculture. We emphasize the use of phage cocktails to prevent bacteriophage resistance and to enhance efficacy, and we discuss the different methods for the development of phage cocktails. We present protective formulations used inprevious research on stabilization and storage of phage, and propose lyophilization as a privileged method for maintaining phage viability. Herein we focus on bacteriophage-mediated control of fire blight, the most destructive bacterial disease of apples and pears, which is caused by Erwinia amylovora.
Plantlet Regeneration and Multiple Shoot Induction from Protocorm-Like Bodies (PLBs) of Medicinal Orchid Species, Dendrobium crumenatum Sw.

To investigate the suitable medium for in vitro shoot regeneration and plantlet growth of Dendrobium crumenatum Sw. , individual protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) (about 4 5 mm in diameter) of Dendrobium crumenatum Sw. derived from MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L TDZ for 60 days of culture were cultured on 6 culture media; Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, MS medium supplemented with 15 % (v/v) CW, MS medium supplemented with 15 % (v/v) CW and 0.2 % (w/v) AC, Vacin and Went (VW) medium, VW medium supplemented with 15 % (v/v) CW, VW medium supplemented with 15 % (v/v) CW and 0.2 % (w/v) AC. After 4 months of culture, MS medium containing 15 % coconut water (CW) gave the highest percentage of shooting and number of shoots per explant of 96.0 and 9.5, respectively with a significant difference from other media. The addition of 0.2 % (w/v) activated charcoal (AC) significantly increased the number of leaves and roots. PLBs developed into complete plantlets. MS medium supplemented with 15 % (v/v) CW and 0.2 % (w/v) AC and VW medium supplemented with 15 % (v/v) CW and 0.2 % (w/v) AC gave the highest number of roots per plantlet and root length at 5.3 roots and 34.9 mm, respectively. After the transfer of rooted shoots to the greenhouse, 95 % of the regenerated plantlets survived and grew vigorously. Plantlets grown in vitro were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse and showed normal development.
The effects of four decades of climate change on the breeding ecology of an avian sentinel species across a 1,500‐km latitudinal gradient are stronger at high latitudes

Abstract Global warming affects breeding phenology of birds differentially with latitude, but there is contrasting evidence about how the changing climate influences the breeding of migrating songbirds at their northern breeding range. We investigate the effect of climate warming on breeding time and breeding success of European pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca in Sweden during a period of 36 years using nest reports from bird ringing. To account for the latitudinal variation, we divided Sweden into three latitudinal bands (northern, intermediate, and southern). We applied a sliding window approach to find the most influential period and environment characteristics (temperature, vegetation greenness, and precipitation), using linear mixed models and model averaging. Our results show a long‐term advancement of breeding time related to increasing spring temperature and vegetation greenness during a period before hatching. Northern breeders revealed a larger advancement over the years (8.3 days) compared with southern breeders (3.6 days). We observed a relatively stronger effect of temperature and greenness on breeding time in the north. Furthermore, northern birds showed an increase in breeding success over time, while birds breeding at southern and intermediate latitudes showed reduced breeding success in years with higher prehatching temperatures. Our findings with stronger environment effects on breeding time advancement in the north suggest that pied flycatchers are more responsive to weather cues at higher latitudes. Breeding time adjustment and, potentially, low competition help explain the higher long‐term success observed in the north. Reduced breeding success at more southerly latitudes suggests an inability to match breeding time to very early and warm springs, a fate that with continued climate change could also be expected for pied flycatchers and other long‐distance migrants at their very northern breeding range.
‘Into the wolves’ den: an investigation of predictors of sexism in online games’

ABSTRACT Online sexism against female gamers is reportedly common and pervasive, causing serious problems. To help solve these problems, the study identified various predictors of online game sexism, which is hypothesised to predict actual in-game harassment. Different from previous studies, the study approaches the problems from the perspective of perpetrators rather than victims. We proposed a theoretical model that include three groups of predictors: offline sexist beliefs (masculine norms and hostile sexism), game-related factors (perceived territoriality, advancement, and competition), and environmental factors (peer harassment and play time). The model was tested against online survey data collected from a sample of 528 male gamers in South Korea with age range of 14–64 years (M = 34.70, SD = 12.81). The results showed that all the predictors, except competition and play time, were significantly associated with online game sexism, which mediated the relationships between the predictors and online sexual harassment. Perceived territoriality and peer harassment were found to have direct and positive effects on harassment. The findings are expected to contribute to developing more effective measures for preventing the hostility and aggression against female gamers by providing a new and more thorough diagnosis of the underlying causes of the problems.
Eikonal equation-based P-wave seismic azimuthal anisotropy tomography of the crustal structure beneath northern California

Delineating spatial variations of seismic anisotropy in the crust is of great importance for the understanding of structural heterogeneities, regional stress regime and ongoing crustal dynamics. In this study, we present a 3-D anisotropic P-wave velocity model of the crust beneath northern California by using the eikonal equation-based seismic azimuthal anisotropy tomography method. The velocity heterogeneities under different geological units are well resolved. The thickness of the low-velocity sediment at the Great Valley Sequence is estimated to be about 10 km. The high-velocity anomaly underlying Great Valley probably indicates the existence of ophiolite bodies. Strong velocity contrasts are revealed across the Hayward Fault (2–9 km) and San Andreas Fault (2–12 km). In the upper crust (2–9 km), the fast velocity directions (FVDs) are generally fault-parallel in the northern Coast Range, which may be caused by geological structure; while the FVDs are mainly NE–SW in Great Valley and the northern Sierra Nevada possibly due to the regional maximum horizontal compressive stress. In contrast, seismic anisotropy in the mid-lower crust (12–22 km) may be attributed to the alignment of mica schists. The anisotropy contrast across the San Andreas Fault may imply different mechanisms of crustal deformation on the two sides of the fault. Both the strong velocity contrasts and the high angle (∼45° or above) between the FVDs and the strikes of faults suggest that the faults are mechanically weak in the San Francisco bay area (2–6 km). This study suggests that the eikonal equation-based seismic azimuthal anisotropy tomography is a valuable tool to investigate crustal heterogeneities and tectonic deformation.