Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Highly dosed St. John's wort extract improves quality of life].

AIM Aim of the post-marketing surveillance was to investigate if the single-dose-administration of highlydosed St. John's Wort extract improves quality of life of patients with depressive symptoms. METHOD During a twelve week treatment 4337 patients with depression were observed. Mental and physical state of health were documented using the SF-12-sumscore as a measure for quality of life. Further efficacy and tolerability was rated by physician and patient. Adverse drug reactions were documented as well. RESULTS During therapy the mental and the physical SF-12-sumscore had improved significantly. At the end ofthe observation the values rise up to the norm. About 80 percent of the physicians and patients marked the drug's efficacy as good or very good. Tolerability was assessed as good or very good in more than 95%. CONCLUSION A post-marketing surveillance including 4337 depressive patients shows that a single-dose therapy with highly dosed St. John's Wort extract causes to improve significantly the quality of life. The patients suffered from mild to moderate depression.
Compact antenna design for outdoor RF energy harvesting in wireless sensor networks

In this paper, a new FSPA for new application - outdoor RF energy harvesting will proposed and designed. A new FSPA structure will joint with folded patch meander line and two pairs of slot embedded into its ground plane. A less profile, less cost and ease to fabricate the folded shorted patch antenna (FSPA) will introduced. The proposed antenna designing and performing using Computer Simulation Technology (CST). Simulated results show that this antenna can obtain an impedance bandwidth of 2.48% from 839 to 860 MHz at the center frequency of 848 Mhz. The results also show that the good omnidirectional radiation pattern and stable gain over the operating frequencies.
Bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase travels far ahead of ribosomes in vivo

We show that in Escherichia coli at 32 degrees C, the T7 RNA polymerase travels over the lacZ gene about eightfold faster than ribosomes travel over the corresponding mRNA. We discuss how the T7 phage might exploit this high rate in its growth optimization strategy and how it obviates the possible drawbacks of uncoupling transcription from translation.
The US economic and social costs of Alzheimer's disease revisited.

UNLABELLED OBJECTIVEs. An earlier paper estimated the per-case and national incidence costs of Alzheimer's disease for 1983. This paper updates the estimates of costs per case to 1991 and presents new national prevalence estimates of the economic and social costs of the disease. METHODS All data for the cost estimates were taken from published sources or provided by other researchers. RESULTS At midrange values of the estimated cost and epidemiological parameters, the discounted (at 4%) direct and total costs of Alzheimer's disease were $47,581 and $173,932 per case, respectively. The estimated 1991 national direct and total prevalence costs were $20.6 billion and $67.3 billion, respectively. Assuming conservatively that the prevalence of the disease remains constant, the estimated discounted present values of the direct and total costs of all current and future generations of Alzheimer's patients are $536 billion and $1.75 trillion, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The $536 billion and $1.75 trillion figures are minimum estimates of the long-term dollar losses to the US economy in 1991 caused by Alzheimer's disease.
Selection against harmful mutations in large sexual and asexual populations.

Selection against harmful mutations in large populations is studied assuming that the rate of fitness decrease grows with every new mutation added to a genome. Under this reasonable assumption (Mayr, 1970) the average fitness of a sexual population, without linkage between the loci, is higher, and the average equilibrium number of harmful mutations per individual lower, than in an asexual population. If a gamete contains on the average one or more new mutations, the resulting advantage of sexual reproduction and recombination seems to be sufficient to counterbalance the double advantage of parthenogenesis. Moreover, selection against harmful mutations is probably the most powerful factor preventing linkage disequilibrium even with epistatic interaction between the loci.
Consistency among parts and aggregates: A computational model

Heterogeneous geographic databases contain multiple views of the same geographic objects at different levels of spatial resolution. When users perceive geographic objects as one spatial unit, although they are physically separated into multiple parts, appropriate methods are needed to assess the consistency among the aggregate and the parts. The critical aspect is that the overall spatial relationships with respect to other geographic objects must be preserved throughout the aggregation process. We develop a systematic model for the constraints that must hold with respect to other spatial objects when two parts of an object are aggregated. We found three sets of configurations that require increasingly more information in order to make a precise statement about their consistency: (1) configurations that are satisfied by the topological relations between the two parts and the object of interest; (2) configurations that need further information about the topological relation between the object of concern and the connector in order to be resolved unambiguously; and (3) configurations that require additional information about the topological relation between the aggregate’s boundary and the boundary or interior of the object of interest to be uniquely described. The formalism extends immediately to relations between two regions with disconnected parts as well as to relations between a region and an arbitrary number of separations.
Temperature‐dependent lipid metabolism in the blow fly Lucilia sericata

An understanding of how arthropods use energy is fundamental to explaining their diverse life histories and adaptation to specific environments. It is also of importance when attempting to predict the impacts of environmental change on patterns of development and phenology. Here, lipid use by the economically important agent of ovine myiasis, Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae), was quantified at a range of temperatures. During pupation, at temperatures above the minimum temperature required for development (9 °C), pupae depleted an average of 30% of their total lipid over the course of pupation regardless of temperature. There was no detectable loss of lipid during pupation at temperatures below 9 °C. In general, larger individuals had the same relative amounts of lipid as smaller individuals. Newly emerged adults metabolized about 16% of the lipid reserves with which they emerged in the first 24 h during flight‐related activity. Starved adults, with access to water but without sucrose or protein, depleted their lipid reserves and died within about 4 days of emergence. However, adults with access to protein and/or carbohydrate were able to maintain a stored lipid content of about 2.38% of their total body mass for at least 14 days after emergence, irrespective of sex. This finding is similar to that in field‐caught individuals, in which lipid content was found to be a mean of 3% of body mass. The data suggest that warmer environmental conditions, within the temperature limits tested here, although shortening the time required for development and altering the patterns of seasonal abundance of L. sericata, are unlikely to impact on fly survival because of greater metabolic demands during non‐feeding stages of the lifecycle.
Permeability of the skin.

The sections in this article are: 1 Manifestations of Skin Permeability 2 Structure of the Skin 2.1 Relevant Structural Features of the Whole Skin 3 The Stratum Corneum 3.1 Regional Variations in Structure 4 Human Versus Other Mammalian Skin 5 Biophysics of Skin Permeability 5.1 Mathematical Analysis of Skin Permeability 5.2 Steady-State Permeability of Skin—Fick's Law 5.3 Appendageal Diffusion 5.4 Concentration Levels in the Skin 5.5 Regional Variations in Permeability 6 Effect of Solvents and Surfactants 6.1 Water 6.2 Aprotic Solvents 6.3 Surfactants 6.4 Organic Solvents
Equilibration, thermalisation, and the emergence of statistical mechanics in closed quantum systems

We review selected advances in the theoretical understanding of complex quantum many-body systems with regard to emergent notions of quantum statistical mechanics. We cover topics such as equilibration and thermalisation in pure state statistical mechanics, the eigenstate thermalisation hypothesis, the equivalence of ensembles, non-equilibration dynamics following global and local quenches as well as ramps. We also address initial state independence, absence of thermalisation, and many-body localisation. We elucidate the role played by key concepts for these phenomena, such as Lieb–Robinson bounds, entanglement growth, typicality arguments, quantum maximum entropy principles and the generalised Gibbs ensembles, and quantum (non-)integrability. We put emphasis on rigorous approaches and present the most important results in a unified language.
Incidence of Protanopia and Deuteranopia , Defects of Colour Vision in Quetta , Pakistan

Colour vision deficiency (CVD), an X-linked recessive disorder, is predominantly present in males. Congenital disorders usually occur due to abnormality in any one or all three cone photoreceptors. Protanopia and deuteranopia result when long wavelength (L) photopigments (red) and middle wavelength (M) photopigments (green) are missing, respectively. The study aimed to screen the inherited colour vision defects among random populations of different ethnicity in Quetta. The study subjects (n=1450; males=452; females=998; mean age=23.17±9.38) were randomly selected and examined for CVD using the Standard Ishihara Chart. Results revealed that 5.75% (26) males and 1% (10) females were colour vision deficient. The distribution of protanopia and deuteranopia among males were 2% (9) and 3.8% (17), respectively. Females showed 0.6% (6) and 0.4% (4) protanopia and deuteranopia, respectively. No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in the prevalence of CVD among different age groups. Familial cases were far more prevalent than the sporadic cases. Among ethnic groups the highest proportions of CVD in males and females were observed in Pathan (7.39% and 1.16%, respectively). No significant difference (P>0.05) in the proportion of disorder was found among different ethnic groups. Overall 2.48% of the populations of Quetta had this abnormality with deuteranopia being more prevalent. The proper screening of CVD at early age can help individuals avoid certain occupational hazards and such studies can also be helpful in decreasing the proportion of disorder by discouraging consanguinity.
Effects of Sprint Training With or Without Ball Carry in Elite Rugby Players.

PURPOSE To compare the effects of sprint training with or without ball carry on the sprint performance of elite rugby league players. METHODS Twenty-four elite rugby league players were divided into a ball-carry group (BC; n = 12) and a no-ball-carry group (NBC; n = 12). The players of the BC group were required to catch and carry the ball under 1 arm during each sprint, whereas the NBC group performed sprints without carrying a ball. The 8-wk training intervention took place during the precompetitive phase of the season and consisted of 2 sessions/wk. Sprint performance was measured before and after the training intervention with 40-m linear sprints performed under 2 conditions: with and without ball carry. Split times of 10, 20, and 40 m were recorded for further analysis. A 3-way (group × time × condition) factorial ANOVA was performed to compare changes in sprint performance with and without the ball, before and after the training intervention for both BC and NBC training groups Results: The BC and NBC groups experienced similar improvements in 10-, 20-, and 40-m sprint times and accelerations, regardless of the condition under which the sprint tests were performed (P = .19). CONCLUSIONS Sprint training while carrying a rugby ball is as effective as sprint training without carrying a rugby ball for improving the sprint performance of elite rugby league players.
Are adolescents with chronic conditions particularly at risk for bullying?

Objective To compare the prevalence and intensity of victimisation from bullying and the characteristics of the victim of bullying, comparing adolescents with and adolescents without chronic conditions (CC). Design School survey. Setting Postmandatory schools. Participants A total of 7005 students (48% females) aged 16–20 years, distributed into adolescents with CC (728, 50% females) and controls (6277, 48% females). Chronic condition was defined as having a chronic disease and/or a physical disability. Outcome measures Prevalence of bullying—intensity of bullying—and sociodemographic, biopsychosocial, familial, school and violence context characteristics of the victims of bullying. Results The prevalence of bullying in our sample was 13.85%. Adolescents with CC were more likely to be victims of bullying (adjusted OR 1.53), and to be victims of two or three forms of bullying (adjusted OR 1.92). Victims of bullying with CC were more likely than non-victims to be depressed (RR 1.57), to have more physical symptoms (RR 1.61), to have a poorer relationship with their parents (RR 1.33), to have a poorer school climate (RR 1.60) and to have been victims of sexual abuse (RR 1.79) or other forms of violence (RR 1.80). Although these characteristics apply to victims in general, in most cases, they are less pronounced among victims without CC. Conclusions CC seems to be a risk factor for victimisation from bullying. Therefore, as adolescents with CC are increasingly mainstreamed, schools should be encouraged to undertake preventive measures to avoid victimisation of such adolescents.
Implementation of a Monolithic Single Proof-Mass Tri-Axis Accelerometer Using CMOS-MEMS Technique

This paper presents a novel single proof-mass tri-axis capacitive type complementary metal oxide semiconductor-microelectromechanical system accelerometer to reduce the footprint of the chip. A serpentine out-of-plane (Z-axis) spring is designed to reduce cross-axis sensitivity. The tri-axis accelerometer has been successfully implemented using the TSMC 2P4M process and in-house postprocessing. The die size of this accelerometer chip containing the MEMS structure and sensing circuits is 1.78 × 1.38 mm, a reduction of nearly 50% in chip size. Within the measurement range of ~0.8 6G, the tri-axis accelerometer sensitivities (nonlinearity) of each direction are 0.53 mV/G (2.64%) for the X-axis, 0.28 mV/G (3.15%) for the Y-axis, and 0.2 mV/G (3.36%) for the Z-axis, respectively. In addition, the cross-axis sensitivities of these three axes range from 1% to 8.3% for the same measurement range. The noise floors in each direction are 120 mG/rtHz for the X-axis, 271 mG/rtHz for the Y-axis, and 357 mG/rtHz for the Z-axis.
Selectivity of Phenytoin and Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers for Relaxation of the Basilar Artery

We addressed the questions of whether or not phenytoin is a direct vasodilator and if it is selective for brain blood vessels, by studying the relaxant effects of phenytoin on isolated segments of canine basilar. femoral, and brachial arteries. Two dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. nifedipine and PY 108–068. were also studied for comparison with phenytoin and to test for cerebral selectivity. Blood vessels were contracted with K+. prostaglandin F2α, or serotonin. Phenytoin relaxed the basilar artery with low potency (pD2, 4.71 ± 0.14) and moderate selectivity. Phenytoin also antagonized Bay K 8644 contractions of basilar artery in a noncompetitive manner. Basilar arteries contracted with 60 mM K+ were the most sensitive to nifedipine (pD2. 8.72 ± 0.18), followed by the mesenteric (pD2, 8.24 ± 0.07). femoral (pD2, 8.04 ± 0.18). and brachial (pD2, 7.66 ± 0.23) arteries. A similar pattern was observed in potassium-depolarized arteries relaxed by PY 108–068. The calcium dependence of contraction was studied using intact muscles depolarized in 60 mM K+ as well as chemically skinned basilar artery. Mean pD2 values for Ca2+ -induced contractions of intact, depolarized arteries were not different (basilar. 4.15 ± 0.13; mesenteric. 4.04 ± 0.07: femoral. 4.24 ± 0.11). The mean Ca2+ EC50 of chemically skinned basilar arteries was 8.7 ± 10–7 M. which is similar to the Ca2+ sensitivity of other skinned smooth muscles. The beneficial effect of phenytoin in treating cerebral ischemia may be due in part to relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. The dihydropyridines were potent smooth muscle relaxants with selectivity for the basilar artery. Differences in sensitivity of canine arteries to calcium channel blockers appears not to correspond to any difference in sensitivity of the contractile element to Ca2+
Coronary stenting for symptomatic myocardial bridging

A 65 year old man was referred because of an episode of syncope preceded by palpitations. He had a four month history of chest pain and palpitations unrelated to exercise. On admission, ECG showed sinus rhythm without repolarisation abnormalities. Echocardiography Doppler evaluation was normal. In an exercise thallium-201 test the patient achieved 76% of the predicted maximal heart rate with a 4.6 Mets workload. A 2 mm ST segment depression was observed in the anterolateral leads without chest pain. A thallium-201 scan showed myocardial perfusion abnormalities involving the anterior segment. The Holter recording revealed two runs of non-sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) at 160 beats/min, which the patient felt as palpitations but without angina. Programmed stimulation with ventricular pacing and extrastimuli did not induce VT. Left coronary angiography showed a significant systolic milking effect in the second portion of the left anterior descending …
A SiGe wideband VCO and divider MMIC with low gain variation for multi-band systems at 2.4 and 5.8 GHz

A wideband LC voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is presented in this work. Measurements show a wide relative tuning range of 37.6% from 4.57 GHz to 6.69 GHz with a tuning voltage from 0 to 3 V. Using an integrated divide-by-2 circuit, both the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz ISM bands can be covered. A key feature is the low gain variation, which stays below 12.5 % up to 6GHz and below 33.3% for the whole tuning range. At 5.725 GHz, the phase noise at 1MHz offset was measured to -105dBc/Hz. The VCO core consumes 4mA of current from a 3V supply voltage. It is implemented using an IBM 180nm SiGe BiCMOS process and the core area amounts to 0.5mm×0.4 mm.
Two independent resistance genes in the Medicago truncatula cultivar Jester confer resistance to two different aphid species of the genus Acyrthosiphon

In recent years the biology of resistance to aphids and other sap-sucking insects has been studied in detail, whereas the genetic basis underlying this resistance is still poorly understood. Genetic resistance to Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji (bluegreen aphid; BGA) has been identified in Medicago truncatula Gaertn and backcrossed into susceptible cultivars. One of these M. truncatula cultivars named Jester also has good resistance to an Australian biotype of pea aphid (PA; A. pisum Harris). Until now it has been unclear whether resistance to each aphid species of the genus Acyrthosiphon is conferred by distinct genes or the same gene termed AKR for A. kondoi resistance. Infestation of the progenitors of the cultivar Jester with both aphid species revealed that resistance to BGA came from a different donor than resistance to PA, demonstrating that resistance to these aphid species is mediated by different resistance genes. However, an interaction between these genes for resistance to Acyrthosiphon species remains a possibility, given that PA resistance was not one of the parameters selected for in the creation of Jester. The identification of resistance to the model aphid, PA, and a closely related aphid BGA in the same genetic background of the model legume M. truncatula makes this system an attractive model for the study of plant-aphid interactions, as well as R gene specificity and evolution.
A study on a feasible no-root approach on Android

Root is the administrative privilege on Android, which is however inaccessible on stock Android devices. Due to the desire for privileged functionalities and the reluctance of rooting their devices, Android users seek for no-root approaches, which provide users with part of root privileges without rooting their devices. Existing no-root approaches require users to launch a separate service via Android Debug Bridge (ADB) on an Android device, which would perform user-desired tasks. However, it is unusual for a third-party Android application to work with a separate native service via sockets, and it requires the application developers to have extra knowledge such as Linux programming in application development. In this paper, we propose a feasible no-root approach based on new functionalities added on Android, which creates no separate service but an ADB loopback. To ensure such no-root approach is not misused in a proactive instead of reactive manner, we examine its dark side. We find out that while this approach makes it easy for no-root applications to work, it may lead to a “permission explosion,” which enables any third-party application to attain shell permissions beyond its granted permissions. The permission explosion can further lead to exploits including privacy leakage, account takeover, application UID abuse, and user input inference. A practical experiment is carried out to evaluate the situation in the real world, which shows that many real-world applications from Google Play and four third-party application markets are indeed vulnerable to these exploits. To mitigate the dark side of the new no-root approach and make it more suitable for users to adopt, we identify the causes of the exploits, and propose a permission-based solution. We also provide suggestions to application developers and application markets on how to prevent these exploits.
Concurrent Dengue and Malaria in Cayenne Hospital, French Guiana

Dengue–malaria co-infection reports are scarce. Of 1,723 consecutive febrile patients in Cayenne Hospital, 238 had dengue (174 early dengue fever cases) and 393 had malaria (371 acute malaria); 17 had both. Diagnosis of 1 of these 2 infections should not rule out testing for the other infection.
Stable splitting of polyharmonic operators by generalized Stokes systems

A stable splitting of 2m-th order elliptic partial differential equations into 2(m− 1) problems of Poisson type and one generalized Stokes problem is established for any space dimension d ≥ 2 and any integer m ≥ 1. This allows a numerical approximation with standard finite elements that are suited for the Poisson equation and the Stokes system, respectively. For some fourthand sixth-order problems in two and three space dimensions, precise finite element formulations along with a priori error estimates and numerical experiments are presented.