Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are the Dutch acquainted with and willing to try healthful food products? The role of food neophobia

Abstract Objectives To assess participants’ acquaintance with and willingness to try healthful food alternatives, and to test the psychometric properties of an adapted Dutch version of the Food Neophobia Scale (FNS) in order to study the role of food neophobia in this context. Design A cross-sectional study incorporating two web-based questionnaires, including a retest of the FNS one week later. Measures included acquaintance with and willingness to try 15 healthful food alternatives, level of food neophobia, level of education, gender and age. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to study associations between demographics and level of food neophobia as well as associations between level of food neophobia and acquaintance with and willingness to try the healthful alternatives. Setting The study was conducted in The Netherlands using a representative Internet panel. Participants A total of 326 participants aged 18–50 years participated. Results Internal consistency and test–retest reliability of the FNS version used were sufficient. On average participants were acquainted with 7.9 of the products and modestly willing to try the products. Lowly educated participants had significantly higher FNS scores than highly educated participants (β = −0.23, P < 0.01). FNS score was significantly associated with acquaintance with (β = −0.21, P < 0.001) and willingness to try the healthful alternatives (β = −0.26, P < 0.001). Conclusion Further research into the role of food neophobia is warranted when wanting to stimulate the integration of healthful alternative products in the daily diet, especially among persons with low education.
The PERCIVAL soft X-ray imager

With the increased brilliance of state-of-the-art Synchrotron radiation sources and the advent of Free Electron Lasers enabling revolutionary science on atomic length and time scales with EUV to X-ray photons comes an urgent need for suitable photon imaging detectors. Requirements include high frame rates, very large dynamic range, single-photon counting capability with low probability of false positives, and (multi)-megapixels. PERCIVAL (``Pixelated Energy Resolving CMOS Imager, Versatile And Large'') is currently being developed by a collaboration of DESY, RAL, Elettra, DLS and Pohang to address this need for the soft X-ray regime. PERCIVAL is a monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS), i.e. based on CMOS technology. It will be back-thinned to access its primary energy range of 250 eV to 1 keV with target efficiencies above 90%. According to its preliminary specifications, the roughly 10 × 10 cm2, 3.5k × 3.7k monolithic ``PERCIVAL13M'' sensor will operate at frame rates up to 120 Hz (commensurate with most FELs) and use multiple gains within its 27 μm pixels to measure 1 to ∼ 105 (500 eV) simultaneously-arriving photons. A smaller ``PERCIVAL2M'' with ∼ 1.4k × 1.5k pixels is also planned. Currently, small-scale back-illuminated prototype systems (160 × 210 pixels of 25 μm pitch) are undergoing detailed testing with X-rays and optical photons. In March 2014, a prototype sensor was tested at 350 eV–2 keV at Elettra's TwinMic beamline. The data recorded include diffraction patterns at 350 eV and 400 eV, knife edge and sub-pixel pinhole illuminations, and comparisons of different pixel types. Another prototype chip will be submitted in fall 2014, first larger sensors could be in hand in late 2015.
Oxide Thickness Scaling Limit for Optimum CMOS Logic Circuit Performance

The gate tunneling power is demonstrated through analysis as well as physical insight to be negligible (<5%) in comparison to the source-to-drain leakage power at the oxide thickness required for optimum CMOS logic circuit performance. The scaling limit of tOX is projected as 2.2, 1.9 and 1.4 nm for the 180, 150 and 100 nm technology generations, respectively.
PATTERNS OF PHENOTYPIC AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS AMONG MORPHOLOGICAL AND LIFE‐HISTORY TRAITS IN WILD RADISH, RAPHANUS RAPHANISTRUM

Genetic correlations can have profound effects on evolutionary change (Lande and Arnold, 1983; Mitchell-Olds and Rutledge, 1986). Present patterns of genetic correlations in an organism may be caused by pre-existing pleiotropic and developmental relationships among traits and may produce constraints on evolution by natural selection (Cheverud, 1984; Maynard Smith et aI., 1985; Via and Lande, 1985; Futuyma, 1986; Mitchell-Olds and Rutledge, 1986; Barker and Thomas, 1987; Clark, 1987a; Zeng, 1988). Alternatively, selection may directly alter the patterns of genetic correlations, especially in cases in which two or more traits interact to perform a given function (Cheverud, 1984; Lande, 1984; Clark, 1987a. 1987b). In this paper we examine the patterns of phenotypic and additive genetic correlations among 10 morphological and life-history traits in wild radish plants. We hypothesized that some ofthese correlations have been influenced by selection. We predicted that floral and vegetative traits would be uncorrelated and that correlations among the lengths of the corolla tube, pistil and stamens would be higher than the rest of the floral correlations. The results were consistent with most of these predictions. Wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum (Brassicaceae), is an annual weed of disturbed areas. The hermaphroditic flowers of wild radish are almost entirely selfincompatible (Sampson, 1964; Stanton et aI., 1989) and this species does not propagate vegetatively, so virtually all reproduction depends on successful insect pollination. Wild radish is pollinated by a variety of insects, mainly bees, butterflies, and flies (Kay, 1976;
Skeletal muscle ultrastructure and function in statin‐tolerant individuals

Statins have well‐known benefits on cardiovascular mortality, though up to 15% of patients experience side effects. With guidelines from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Diabetes Association expected to double the number of statin users, the overall incidence of myalgia and myopathy will increase.
R&D of the Advanced Electric Vehicle at CATARC

The breakthrough of key technology on battery electric vehicles is critical to of hybrid and fuel cell electric vehicles. This paper introduces the technical configuration of the new advanced electric vehicle and design of lightweight vehicle and integrated assembly. The Electric Vehicle developed at CATARC acquires many creative results, such as control strategy of vehicle, CAN Bus technology, heat management system of lithium-ion battery pack, fault diagnosis, safety management for high-voltage system and body comfort control. Also, this paper evaluates the vehicle performance and defines the technical scheme by using simulation tools. Simulation results are also validated by vehicle test. At last, the test results on the performance of electric vehicle are systematically introduced.
A full-body tactile sensor suit using electrically conductive fabric and strings

We present design and implementation of a tactile sensor system, sensor suit, that covers the entire body of a robot. The sensor suit is designed to be soft and flexible and to have a large number of sensing regions. We have built the sensor suit using electrically conductive fabric and string. The current version of the sensor suit has 192 sensing regions. Each sensing region works as a binary switch in the current version. All of the signals from the sensor suit are gathered and superimposed on a visual image of the robot. The video multiplexer for the sensor signals is built on a field programmable gate array set. The construction of sensor suit system and its application with a full-body humanoid are presented.
Dispatch of wind-thermal power system containing heat storage units with fast ramping capabilities

Wind energy is beneficial both economically and environmentally, while its utilization levels are still far from satisfactory and has plenty of room to be improved. One way to achieve this is to make use of the heat storage in some of the thermal generators to obtain fast ramping capabilities, so that they can catch up with the fluctuating and intermittent wind energy. Output characteristics of such thermal units are distinguished from conventional ones in that their ramping rates are dynamic and with memory, thus new models of system dispatch need to be established. In this paper, we present a mixed integer linear formulation with decisions of thermal unit heat usage for the dispatch of wind-thermal power systems containing heat storage units, and network security constraints of power balance and transmission limits are considered. Numerical tests are performed for a 3-bus system and the IEEE 30-bus system by using CPLEX, and results show that additional ramping capabilities from heat storage units lead to substantial improvements in wind power utilization.
An interval type-2 Fuzzy PD controller for ball and beam system

This paper presents a simple interval type 2 fuzzy proportional derivative controller for ball and beam system. The inner motor position and the outer ball position control loops are operated with the similar controller structures but having different settling times. The proposed controller is validated through simulation runs in MATLAB environment where it is also compared with type 1 fuzzy proportional derivative controller. Results have shown that the proposed controller is robust to beam angle and ball position disturbances, as well as measurement noise and errors.
Zarys historii problematyki dziewictwa w Polsce (X–XXI w.)

W pracy przedstawiono problematyke dziewictwa kobiet na ziemiach polskich w okresie miedzy X a XXI stuleciem. We wczesnym średniowieczu („czasy Mieszkowe”) dziewiczośc przedmalzenska nie byla ceniona. Stan ten odmienilo diametralnie ugruntowanie sie chrześcijanstwa. Odtąd zainteresowanie dziewictwem oraz przypisywane mu znaczenie staly sie nieodmiennie zywe, choc rozmaicie nasilone i wyrazane w roznych epokach. Seksuologia Polska 2011; 9 (1): 43–46
Contrasting blood pressure effects of obesity in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice and agouti yellow obese mice.

OBJECTIVE Recent advances in understanding the neuroendocrine pathways regulating appetite, metabolism and body weight afford an opportunity to explore further the mechanisms by which obesity influences arterial pressure. ob/ob(Lep(ob)/Lep(ob)) mice have a mutation in the ob gene and are leptin-deficient. Leptin possesses pressor actions and has been shown to increase arterial pressure when infused chronically or over-expressed transgenically. In contrast, agouti yellow obese(Ay) mice have overexpression of an agouti peptide that blocks melanocortin receptors. Stimulation of melanocortin receptors by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone decreases arterial pressure. DESIGN AND METHODS This study measured arterial pressure in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice, agouti yellow obese mice and their lean controls to test the hypothesis that the effects of obesity on arterial pressure are importantly influenced by the genetic and neuroendocrine mechanisms causing the obesity. We measured arterial pressure directly in conscious ob/ob mice (n = 14), agouti yellow obese mice (n = 6) and the same number of lean littermates. RESULTS Body weight was nearly twice as high in ob/ob mice as in their lean controls, but mean arterial pressure was significantly lower in ob/ob mice (92+/-3 mmHg) compared with their lean controls (106+/-2 mmHg; P = 0.00017). In contrast, mean arterial pressure was significantly higher in agouti yellow obese mice (124+/-3 mmHg) than in their lean controls (99+/-1 mmHg; P = 0.000002) despite the fact that the agouti mice had milder obesity. CONCLUSIONS This study prompts three conclusions: (1) leptin-deficient ob/ob mice and agouti yellow obese mice have contrasting blood pressure responses to obesity, (2) obesity does not invariably increase arterial pressure in mice, and (3) the arterial pressure response to obesity may depend critically on the underlying genetic and neuroendocrine mechanisms.
Interactions between dietary fat type and enzyme supplementation in broiler diets with high pentosan contents: effects on precaecal and total tract digestibility of fatty acids, metabolizability of gross energy, digesta viscosity and weights of small intestine

One hundred grams fat, based on blends of beef tallow and soya oil (0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20 and 100:0) which corresponded to dietary ratios of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (U:S ratio) of 5.47, 3.23, 2.11, 1.45, 1.00 and 0.69, respectively, was incorporated into a rye-based broiler diet (610 g kgÿ1). All diets were tested without or with supplementation of a xylanase-containing enzyme preparation in a combined growth test and balance study. Increasing the proportion of dietary tallow resulted in depression in live-weight gain and increased feed conversion ratio, exponential increase in jejunal supernatant viscosity, increased empty weight of small intestine and reduced digestibility of fat and fatty acids and metabolizability of gross energy. The bene®cial effect of addition of xylanase was greatest at higher tallow concentrations. In diets which were not supplemented with enzyme, it was shown that small incremental increases in U:S ratio up to 1.5 resulted in distinct incremental increases in digestibility, whereas ratios exceeding this value had virtually no further bene®t. Such effects were less pronounced in enzyme supplemented groups. Animal Feed Science and Technology
Psychosocial service use and unmet need among recently diagnosed adolescent and young adult cancer patients

Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer demonstrate biomedical risks and psychosocial issues distinct from those of children or older adults. In this study, the authors examined and compared the extent to which AYAs treated in pediatric or adult oncology settings reported use of, and unmet need for, psychosocial support services.
Trajectory-based node selection scheme in vehicular crowdsensing

Vehicular crowdsensing has attracted lots of attentions due to its low cost and timeliness for urban sensing applications such as traffic estimation and environment monitoring. It is of great importance for a vehicular crowdsensing system to recruit a limited number of vehicles to achieve a maximum sensing coverage. It is challenging due to the unpredictable behaviors of vehicles. In this paper, an efficient vehicle recruiting scheme is proposed by minimizing the vehicle's trajectory. To simplify the recruiting scheme design, a heuristic algorithm is firstly proposed. Then considering the dynamics of vehicles in the real world, a dynamic threshold based online algorithm is presented. We evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms through estimating the Urban Heat Island of Shanghai, China in the real word data. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms outperform existing algorithms by reducing more than 50% of vehicles needed and improving the estimation accuracy.
Can You Gig it? An Empirical Examination of the Gig-Economy and Entrepreneurial Activity

We examine how the entry of gig-economy platforms influences local entrepreneurial activity. On one hand, such platforms may reduce entrepreneurial activity by offering stable employment for the un- and under-employed. On the other hand, such platforms may enable entrepreneurial activity by offering work flexibility that allows the entrepreneur to re-deploy resources strategically in order to pursue her nascent venture. To resolve this tension, we exploit a natural experiment, the entry of the ride-sharing platform Uber X and the on-demand delivery platform Postmates into local areas. We examine the effect of each on crowdfunding campaign launches at Kickstarter, the world’s largest reward-based crowdfunding platform. Results indicate a negative and significant effect on crowdfunding campaign launches, and thus local entrepreneurial activity, after entry of Uber X or Postmates. Strikingly, the effect appears to accrue primarily to unfunded and under-funded projects, suggesting that gig-economy platforms predominantly reduce lower quality entrepreneurial activity by offering viable employment for the un- and under-employed. We corroborate our findings with US Census data on self-employment, which indicate similar declines following the entry of Uber X, and with a small scale survey of gig-economy participants.
Effect of intraruminal propionic acid infusion on metabolism of mesenteric- and portal-drained viscera in growing steers fed a forage diet: I. Volatile fatty acids, glucose, and lactate.

This experiment investigated the effect of intraruminal infusion of propionic acid on ruminal VFA metabolism and the absorption of nutrients by the mesenteric- and portal-drained viscera of seven Friesian steers, average BW 127 kg, fed a dried grass-pellet diet. Each received by random allocation 0 (control), . 5, or 1.0 mol of propionic acid/d for 7 d. Ruminal acetate and propionate irreversible loss rates and carbon exchange between VFA and CO2 were measured during continuous intraruminal infusions of 2-14C-acetic acid and 2-14C-propionic acid. Ruminal acetate irreversible loss rate was not affected by propionic acid infusion (overall mean 8.09, error mean square [EMS] 2.68 mol/d), whereas propionate irreversible loss increased incrementally with PA supply (3.22 vs 4.16, EMS .61 mol/d, for control and 1.0 mol of propionic acid/d, respectively, P = .09). Glucose irreversible loss rate was increased at the highest level of PA infusion (2.84, 2.83, and 3.22, EMS .06 mol/d, for control, .5, and 1.0 mol of propionic acid/d, respectively; P = .02 for control vs .5 + 1.0), although the proportion of glucose irreversible loss derived from propionate remained constant (.6). Net absorption into venous blood showed that propionate was extensively metabolized in the rumen wall and that the tissues of the small intestine utilized acetate. Utilization of glucose was reduced in portal tissues as a result of intraruminal infusion, and the data were used to derive a model of glucose and lactate interrelationships in gut tissues.
Lower respiratory infections in early life are linked to later asthma

Asthma is the most prevalent chronic respiratory disease worldwide.1 While much progress has been made to understand the determinants of asthma, why a specific individual develops asthma is not entirely clear. Within this discussion, it should be noted that asthma is not a homogenous disease; that is to say, there are many (endo)types of asthma.2 In children, the most common pattern is a T2 exaggerated immune response with eosinophils, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13 playing important roles. While clearly asthma is a complex disease, some of the noise in the literature surrounding the determinants of asthma is a result of disease definition. The presence of wheezing or reduced FEV1 may represent a number of endotypes of asthma or indeed non-asthma phenotypes. With this caveat in mind, it is clear that viral infections and allergic sensitisation are key factors associated with a diagnosis of asthma.3 Numerous epidemiological and experimental studies have provided this link. A popular paradigm postulates that recurrent respiratory viral infections at critical time periods of immune and lung development in childhood and infancy coupled with allergic sensitisation are associated with the development of asthma.4 What is often questioned is the direction of this association; is a child with an underlying asthma phenotype more likely to experience viral infections and develop allergy? Or is an otherwise healthy child who happens to get viral infections subsequently pushed into an asthma phenotype? Like many ‘either – or’ questions, the answer is likely ‘yes’; that is, either possibility or neither may be operational in different situations. Indeed, given that asthma is so heterogeneous, it is logical that there may be many ways to reach this diagnosis. In Thorax …
Grassroots Approach to Co-teaching for English Language Learners

Eileen Haydock was certainly tenacious. She had strong opinions about nearly anything you can imagine and had no problem expressing herself. Yet, one could not help but be drawn to her strong passion for teaching and unswerving devotion to her young students. As a trained reading specialist and experienced classroom teacher, Eileen knew much about developing her first graders’ early literacy skills. She also had wonderful instincts when it came to teaching English language learners (ELLs). If you were to step inside Eileen’s class, you would observe a room filled with carefully categorized, hand-made posters, which helped her young students connect written words with their corresponding illustrations. She collected and displayed artifacts from her travels so that her first graders could better understand the world around them. Her classroom was filled with rocks, seashells, starfish, and other assorted ocean creatures. She never missed an opportunity to bring the natural world into the classroom. As an avid progressive educator, Eileen provided many hands-on learning opportunities to the delight of her youngsters. Considering the responsive learning environment she created and provided for ELLs, there is little wonder why I chose to approach Eileen with ideas to teach English as a Second Language (ESL) lessons inside her classroom.
Comparative analysis of fluorescent angiography, computed tomographic angiography and magnetic resonance angiography for planning autologous breast reconstruction.

BACKGROUND The high incidence of breast cancer and growing number of breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy has led to breast reconstruction becoming an important part of holistic treatment for these patients. In planning autologous reconstructions, preoperative assessment of donor site microvascular anatomy with advanced imaging modalities has assisted in the appropriate selection of flap donor site, individual perforators, and lead to an overall improvement in flap outcomes. In this review, we compare the accuracy of fluorescent angiography, computed tomographic angiography (CTA), and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and their impact on clinical outcomes. METHODS A review of the published English literature dating from 1950 to 2015 using databases, such as PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and EMBASE was undertaken. RESULTS Fluorescent angiography is technically limited by its inability to evaluate deep-lying perforators and hence, it has a minimal role in the preoperative setting. However, it may be useful intraoperatively in evaluating microvascular anastomotic patency and the mastectomy skin perfusion. CTA is currently widely considered the standard, due to its high accuracy and reliability. Multiple studies have demonstrated its ability to improve clinical outcomes, such as operative length and flap complications. However, concerns surrounding exposure to radiation and nephrotoxic contrast agents exist. MRA has been explored, however despite recent advances, the image quality of MRA is considered inferior to CTA. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative imaging is an essential component in planning autologous breast reconstruction. Fluorescent angiography presents minimal role as a preoperative imaging modality, but may be a useful intraoperative adjunct to assess the anastomosis and the mastectomy skin perfusion. Currently, CTA is the gold standard preoperatively. MRA has a role, particularly for women of younger age, iodine allergy, and renal impairment.