Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Forensic Experts’ Perspectives on Australian Indigenous Sexual Offenders and Factors Important in Evaluating the Risk of Recidivism

Law and ethics require that risk assessment should be cross-culturally valid and fair, but Australian research in this regard is underdeveloped. A logical first step in progressing the work required to build a strong evidence base on culturally sensitive risk assessment in Australia is to determine the expert views of those in the field. We interviewed 13 Australian evaluators who assess Indigenous sexual offenders’ recidivism risk to determine their perceptions of the risk assessment instruments they use and the attributes they believe evaluators doing cross-cultural assessments should have. Our central findings are that evaluators use the available instruments because they believe that the same factors predict sexual recidivism for Indigenous and non-Indigenous offenders, but that they do so cautiously knowing the limitations of the instruments. Evaluators nevertheless want more research data to guide them when they use the available instruments to assess people from cultures that differ from those of people in the normative sample. Participants acknowledge that the unique challenges of assessing Indigenous sexual offenders require non-Indigenous evaluators to be culturally competent and confident. These findings should be valuable to evaluators and those who train or supervise evaluators and/or intend to establish or improve the validity of risk instruments in Australia.
Clinical Features of 154 COVID-19 Patients and the Parameters for the Effective Detection of Pneumonia at the Time of the Initial Diagnosis in Japan

Objective We aimed to clarify clinical and laboratory characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and further explore the features to detect COVID-19 pneumonia at the first visit to community-based hospitals. Methods Diagnoses of COVID-19 were based on positive results from real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction testing of nasopharyngeal-swab specimens. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients showing positive results. The clinical characteristics and results of blood tests were compared between the patients with and without pneumonia. The risk factors associated with pneumonia were then evaluated by a multivariable analysis. Results The study cohort comprised 154 patients, including 117 patients (76.0%) with pneumonia at first visit. Significant differences were seen in age, the frequency of fever, tachycardia, desaturation (peripheral oxygen saturation ≤95%), any comorbidity, neutrocyte count and fraction, lymphocyte count and fraction, platelet count, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen between the patients with and without pneumonia. Using a multivariable analysis, CRP ≥0.3 mg/dL and fibrinogen >400 mg/dL were found to be associated with the presence of pneumonia. Conclusion Community-based settings for screening COVID-19 patients should perform chest X-ray and blood tests for white blood cell fractions, fibrinogen, LDH, and CRP. Of these, elevations in the CRP and fibrinogen levels could be critically associated with the presence of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Management of post‐transplant diabetes: immunosuppression, early prevention, and novel antidiabetics

Post‐transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) shows a relationship with risk factors including obesity and tacrolimus‐based immunosuppression, which decreases pancreatic insulin secretion. Several of the sodium–glucose‐linked transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1‐RAs) dramatically improve outcomes of individuals with type 2 diabetes with and without chronic kidney disease, which is, as heart failure and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, differentially affected by both drug classes (presumably). Here, we discuss SGLT2is and GLP1‐RAs in context with other PTDM management strategies, including modification of immunosuppression, active lifestyle intervention, and early postoperative insulin administration. We also review recent studies with SGLT2is in PTDM, reporting their safety and antihyperglycemic efficacy, which is moderate to low, depending on kidney function. Finally, we reference retrospective case reports with GLP1‐RAs that have not brought forth major concerns, likely indicating that GLP1‐RAs are ideal for PTDM patients suffering from obesity. Although our article encompasses PTDM after solid organ transplantation in general, data from kidney transplant recipients constitute the largest proportion. The PTDM research community still requires data that treating and preventing PTDM will improve clinical conditions beyond hyperglycemia. We therefore suggest that it is time to collaborate, in testing novel antidiabetics among patients of all transplant disciplines.
Dead muscle tissue promotes dystrophic calcification by lowering circulating TGF-β1 level

Aims Dystrophic calcification (DC) is the abnormal appearance of calcified deposits in degenerating tissue, often associated with injury. Extensive DC can lead to heterotopic ossification (HO), a pathological condition of ectopic bone formation. The highest rate of HO was found in combat-related blast injuries, a polytrauma condition with severe muscle injury. It has been noted that the incidence of HO significantly increased in the residual limbs of combat-injured patients if the final amputation was performed within the zone of injury compared to that which was proximal to the zone of injury. While aggressive limb salvage strategies may maximize the function of the residual limb, they may increase the possibility of retaining non-viable muscle tissue inside the body. In this study, we hypothesized that residual dead muscle tissue at the zone of injury could promote HO formation. Methods We tested the hypothesis by investigating the cellular and molecular consequences of implanting devitalized muscle tissue into mouse muscle pouch in the presence of muscle injury induced by cardiotoxin. Results Our findings showed that the presence of devitalized muscle tissue could cause a systemic decrease in circulating transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), which promoted DC formation following muscle injury. We further demonstrated that suppression of TGF-β signalling promoted DC in vivo, and potentiated osteogenic differentiation of muscle-derived stromal cells in vitro. Conclusion Taken together, these findings suggest that TGF-β1 may play a protective role in dead muscle tissue-induced DC, which is relevant to understanding the pathogenesis of post-traumatic HO. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(11):742–750.
Titin-truncating mutations associated with dilated cardiomyopathy alter length-dependent activation and its modulation via phosphorylation

Abstract Aims Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is associated with mutations in many genes encoding sarcomere proteins. Truncating mutations in the titin gene TTN are the most frequent. Proteomic and functional characterizations are required to elucidate the origin of the disease and the pathogenic mechanisms of TTN-truncating variants. Methods and results We isolated myofibrils from DCM hearts carrying truncating TTN mutations and measured the Ca2+ sensitivity of force and its length dependence. Simultaneous measurement of force and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption in skinned cardiomyocytes was also performed. Phosphorylation levels of troponin I (TnI) and myosin binding protein-C (MyBP-C) were manipulated using protein kinase A and λ phosphatase. mRNA sequencing was employed to overview gene expression profiles. We found that Ca2+ sensitivity of myofibrils carrying TTN mutations was significantly higher than in myofibrils from donor hearts. The length dependence of the Ca2+ sensitivity was absent in DCM myofibrils with TTN-truncating variants. No significant difference was found in the expression level of TTN mRNA between the DCM and donor groups. TTN exon usage and splicing were also similar. However, we identified down-regulation of genes encoding Z-disk proteins, while the atrial-specific regulatory myosin light chain gene, MYL7, was up-regulated in DCM patients with TTN-truncating variants. Conclusion Titin-truncating mutations lead to decreased length-dependent activation and increased elasticity of myofibrils. Phosphorylation levels of TnI and MyBP-C seen in the left ventricles are essential for the length-dependent changes in Ca2+ sensitivity in healthy donors, but they are reduced in DCM patients with TTN-truncating variants. A decrease in expression of Z-disk proteins may explain the observed decrease in myofibril passive stiffness and length-dependent activation.
EFFECT OF LEAD ON THE GERMINATION OF MORINGA OLEIFERA L. SEEDS

Lead is one of the most toxic and widely used metals by humans and it has any biological advantage, its presence at high doses causes several disturbances in the plant. Moringa oleifera L. is a vegetable species that grows in Asia and Africa; it has significant potential for water purification and resistance to salt stress. This work consists to determine the effect of lead in the form of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) on the germination rate of Moringa oleifera L. seeds, as well as the growth of the radicle and tigella. The seeds were germinated in Petri dishes soaked in increasing concentrations of lead at 0, 3, 5, 7 and 10 mM applied at five repetitions for each treatment, in the dark in an oven set at 27°C for fifteen days. The effect of lead on the germination behaviour of Moringa oleifera L. is reflected in a decrease in the germination rate, which reaches 100% for the control. The results obtained show that the lengths of the rootlets and tigelles of the seedling decrease with the increasing application of lead doses.
Recovery capital among migrants and ethnic minorities: A qualitative systematic review of first-person perspectives

Abstract This systematic review of 15 qualitative studies explores recovery capital among migrants and ethnic minorities (MEM). The results of the framework analysis indicate that addressing barriers to recovery and (often minority-related) root causes of problem substance use is vital to recovery among MEM, as well as building recovery capital on personal, social and community level. The review unpacks the importance of “cultural” and “spiritual” elements of recovery capital both inside and outside treatment, the interconnectedness of the different dimensions of recovery capital, as well as their intertwinement with root causes of substance use and barriers to recovery. The results point out the importance of offering culturally and trauma-sensitive relational support and building recovery capital through recovery-oriented systems of care. Moreover, this study highlights the need for further research concerning recovery in MEM populations.
Stroke impairment categories: A new way to classify the effects of stroke based on stroke-related impairments

Objective: To create a classification system based on stroke-related impairments. Data source: All adults with stroke admitted for at least 72 hours in England, Wales and Northern Ireland from July 2013 to July 2015 extracted from the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme Analysis: Impairments were defined using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores at admission. Common combinations of impairments were identified based on geometric coding and expert knowledge. Validity of the classification was assessed using standard descriptive statistics to report and compare patients’ characteristics, therapy received and outcomes in each group. Results: Data from 94,905 patients were extracted. The items of the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (on admission) were initially grouped into four body systems: Cognitive, Motor, Sensory and Consciousness. Seven common combinations of these impairments were identified (in order of stroke severity); Patients with Loss of Consciousness (n = 6034, 6.4%); those with Motor + Cognitive + Sensory impairments (n = 28,226, 29.7%); Motor + Cognitive impairments (n = 16,967, 17.9%); Motor + Sensory impairments (n = 9882, 10.4%); Motor Only impairments (n = 20,471, 21.6%); Any Non-Motor impairments (n = 7498, 7.9%); and No Impairments (n = 5827, 6.1%). There was a gradation of age, premorbid disability, mortality and disability on discharge. People with the most and least severe categories were least likely to receive therapy, and received least therapy (−20 minutes/day of stay) compared to −35 minutes/day of stay for the moderately severe categories. Conclusions: A classification system of seven Stroke Impairment Categories has been presented.
EFFECT OF ENZYMATIC TREATMENT ON TOXICITY OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC COMPOSITES

The study on obtaining board composites using flax shives, laccase and its mediators was conducted at the Institute. The degree of raw material activation and bonding trials were evaluated by measuring the oxygen consumption during the activation process and the bending strength of the boards. The board composites have higher strength than in the absence of laccase and the application of laccase mediators improves the enzymatic oxidation of lignin. Recently, the study aimed at producing boards from flax shives after the activation process by laccase and with the use of lower amount of urea-formaldehyde resin. The bending strength and the formaldehyde content in the obtained boards were determined. A clear advantage of obtaining board composites from flax shives activated by laccase, compared with synthetic resins only, is the reduction in emission of formaldehyde.
IMA LI IMPAKT FAKTOR ALTERNATIVU? IS THERE AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE IMPACT FACTOR?

Sažetak: U radu su opisane tri potencijalne alternative Impakt faktoru kao pokazatelju uticajnosti domaćih naučnih časopisa: Eigenfactor, SCImago Journal Rank i Hiršov indeks. Ispitane su njihove međusobne relacije, kao i relacije sa standardnim Impakt faktorima kakvi se upotrebljavaju u Journal Citation Reportu Thomson Scientifica, odnosno Bibliometrijskom izveštaju o časopisima Centra za evaluaciju u obrazovanju i nauci. Bitnu prepreku uvođenju pomenutih indikatora u domaću evaluativnu praksu predstavlja njihova slaba diskriminabilnost (h indeks), odnosno nemogućnost (jednostavnog) objedinjavanja podataka iz različitih informacionih izvora (SJR i EF). Ipak, diferencijano ponderisanje citata uticajnošću citirajućeg časopisa ima značajan potencijal i zaslužuje dalju analizu. Abstract: The paper describes three alternatives to the Impact factor as an indicator of quality of Serbian scientific journals: Eigenfactor, SCImago Journal Rank and Hirsch index. Relationships among them, as well as their relationships with standard Impacts factors used in the Journal Citation Report, and CEES Bibliometric report are examined. The main obstacle to their eventual inclusion to national evaluative practice is their low discriminability (h index), and the lack of support for inclusion of data originating from different information sources (SJR and EF). However, journal weighted citation counts seems like a relevant issue to be examined by further analysis.
Ecological networks the state of the art from a landscape ecology perspective

The good governance principle, that in the Italian culture of.XIII Century is well represented in the Ambrogio Lorenzetti masteripiece, is based on the human induced transformation of some landscape "qualities" (Arler, 2000). To reach a better citizens' quality of life is the main aim of this transformation. The necessity to mantain these qualities in space and time, strongly affected by universe laws and forces, push today towards new natural resources utilization criteria.
A Study on Economic Value of Mobile Broadband Service

This research focuses on the study of analytical principles, economic values, and the methods for evaluating economic and social impacts of servicing mobile broadband. The economic concepts proposed in this research include the content in relation to the total economic value, economic value of time, and micromotives and microbehavior. On top of that, this research is also aimed at analyzing and accounting for the process of impact evaluation on the basis of the procedures recommended by the World Bank. Furthermore, this research also explains the study methods through case studies, and is considered an in-depth study accordingly. The contributions of this research will promote the telecommunications industry to have complete methods and to keep upto-date with the industrial changes at international levels.
Developing a global chlorophyll product by integrating regionally- specific algorithms

Phytoplankton are the primary source of optical variability in the ocean, and thus their concentration in surface waters can be observed by ocean color sensors. Currently, there are two families of algorithms that derive chlorophyll a concentration (Chl) – a proxy for phytoplankton biomass. These are the empirical and semi-analytic algorithms. Such algorithms, parameterized from in situ data, are currently used operationally to produce global maps of Chl. However, it is generally accepted that a single universal algorithm is not accurate everywhere, regardless of which type of algorithm is used. Regional differences in global empirical algorithms (e.g., OC4v4) have been shown to exhibit biases specific to the geographic ocean basin (e.g., Southern Ocean, North Atlantic). Similarly, semi-analytic algorithms require empirical parameterizations derived from in situ data that are often regionally specific. Most models parameterize the relationship between the inherent optical properties (IOPs) of the water (absorption, scattering) and its constituents. On the global scale, IOPs vary over two orders of magnitude (Barnard et al. 1998) due to variations in particle size, pigment composition and packaging of algal cells, and overall particle composition. Since the constituents can vary from place to place and seasonally, it is believed that model parameterizations have to be locally derived for a particular water type, thus requiring the algorithm to decide when and where to use appropriate parameters.
Airway Management in Patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Ehlers Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a group of collagen-related connective tissue disorders that is thought to affect 1 in 5000 individuals. EDS is divided into six main subtypes based on clinical picture, severity, pattern of inheritance, and specific genetic defect. The most common subtypes [type I, II (classical), and III (hypermobile)] make up about 90% of all cases of EDS while type IV (vascular) makes up about 3-10%. The remainder of subtypes [type VI (kyphoscoliosis), type VIIA/VIIB (arthrochalasis), type VIIC (dermatosparaxis)] are quite rare. Each subtype of EDS involves a specific mutation in genes coding for collagens or collagen-related proteins (collagen modifying enzymes, tenascin) that lead to connective tissue instability resulting in defects in cell attachment, platelet aggregation, organogenesis, and tensile strength in skin, bones, muscles, ligaments and tendons. These defects then lead to presentations that often go undetected with unknown clinical implications. (1) The purpose of this article is to review the current literature on the airway of EDS patients and discuss the challenges presented to the anesthesiologist. Although the manifestations of this disease are variable, there are several clinical features that are important for perioperative airway management.
CONNECTING PHOSPHORUS LOSS FROM AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES TO SURFACE WATER QUALITY

R. W. MCDOWELL*, B. J. F. BIGGS, A. N. SHARPLEY and L. NGUYEN AgResearch Ltd, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Private Bag 50034, Mosgiel, New Zealand; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 8602, Riccarton, Chirstchurch, New Zealand; USDA-ARS, Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802-3702,USA; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Gate 10 Silverdale Road, Box 11-115, Hamilton, New Zealand
Ventricular Tachycardia Triggered by Physical Exercise as the First Manifestation of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy is an inherited cardiac disorder that predisposes to sudden cardiac death, particularly in young patients and athletes. Physical exercise promotes the phenotypic expression of the disease and accelerates the onset of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. We report the case of a 42-year-old male who was diagnosed with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia after his first episode of ventricular tachycardia that occurred during a football match.
Rosalia alpina adults (Linnaeus, 1758) (Insecta, Coleoptera) avoid direct sunlight

espanolPor lo general, se considera que los adultos del escarabajo amenazado Rosalia alpina estan asociados a la madera muerta expuesta al sol. Sin embargo, en algunos trabajos previos de los autores se observaron adultos en superficies sombreadas de arboles. Asi, se comprobaron sus preferencias por distintas condiciones de iluminacion dependiendo de su comportamiento en 447 hayas localizadas en cuatro bosques diferentes de dos localidades europeas lejanas. El 54% y el 35% de 542 individuos observados se encontraron en condiciones de sombra total y parcial, respectivamente. Esta evitacion de la luz solar directa podria estar generalizada en la especie, ya que se mostro independiente de la localizacion y el comportamiento. EnglishAdults of the threatened beetle species Rosalia alpina are usually associated with sun–exposed dead wood. In previous fieldwork, however, we frequently found adult beetles on shaded surfaces of trees. We thus studied whether adults preferred different lightning conditions depending on their behavior on 447 beech trees located in four forests in two distant locations in Europe. From a total of 542 individuals, we observed that 54% of them occurred in shaded conditions, and 35% in predominantly shaded conditions. This avoidance of direct sunlight could be widespread in the species because it was independent of the location and behavior.
SEDIMENTATION AND BED STABILITY IN THE UPPER NESTUCCA WATERSHED

The Nestucca River is currently operating under a TMDL issued by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ) to address excess sediment and temperature throughout the watershed. The TMDL is based on the best professional judgment of a biologist made in the mid-1980s. Recent data from the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife's (ODFW) aquatic inventories project combined with observations made by BLM scientists indicate that the current designation of impaired may not be accurate. In an effort to quantitatively address this issue, we (the BLM) have undertaken a multiyear project to rigorously assess sedimentation and bed stability using a methodology developed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as part of its Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Protocol (EMAP). We have applied a variety of different analysis techniques to the data. The results of these analyses strongly indicate that based on the benchmark data provided by the ODEQ, the Upper Nestucca watershed is not impaired by excessive fine sediment. We have found the Relative Bed Stability method to be an effective and robust tool, but only in combination with other metrics for monitoring sedimentation. Certain basic questions about the application of the method should be addressed before it is applied on a wider sale.