Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural Antecedents of Corporate Network Evolution 1

While most network studies adopt a static view, we argue that corporate social networks are subject to endogenous dynamics of cognitive path dependence and selfreinforcing power relations. Over time, these dynamics drive corporate networks to become increasingly focused (i.e., more homogeneous, stable, and tightly knit). More focused networks induce organisations to perpetuate existing routines, at the expense of developing new capabilities. We examine the role of organisational structure in maintaining balanced, rather than focused, networks, so that business organisations can realise progressive and timely adjustments to their evolving environments. We develop a theoretical argument, illustrated with the divergent network adjustment patterns of two large, mature companies, suggesting that business organisations with the following structural antecedents are likely to maintain balanced networks: the concurrence of centralisation and decentralisation; a high degree of differentiation and an intermediate level of integration; and an intermediate degree of formalisation.
Agency Directors And Network Centrality: An Examination Of Resource Dependencies

pendence theory is organizations must obtain resources from their environments in order to survive (Pfeffer and Salancik, 1978). According to the theory, there are several strategic factors that affect how organizations manage interorganizational resource exchanges. These strategic factors include (1) interlocking of board of director members, (2) joint programs or joint ventures, (3) organization size, and (4) top administrator contacts with other organizations (Pfeffer and Salancik 1978: 143-69). Organizations engage in these activities to reduce uncertainty and to develop favorable linkages in interorganizational networks. An interorganizational network is defined as an identifiable set of organizations which are tied or linked to one another through specific types of resource exchanges (Aldrich, 1979; Lincoln, 1982). Prior research on interorganizational networks has focused on both coordination and differentiation of resource exchanges within various service delivery networks (Boje and Whetten, 1981). The present study examines the exchange of resources within an identifiable set of service delivery organizations. Specifically, we test the effects of engagement in coordinative activities such as administrator contacts, interlocks, joint programs and organization size on network power and dependence. In so doing, we strive to further clarify the role that organizational activities can have on network cen-
Application of AERMOD to local scale diffusion and dispersion modeling of air pollutants from cement factory stacks (Case study: Abyek Cement Factory)

Today, the cement industry is one of the major air polluting industries in the world. Hence, in this study, owing to the importance and role of contaminants from the plant, an appraisal of the emission contributions in addition to other factors have been discussed. There are several reasons behind the importance of modeling air pollutants. First, the assessment of standards for air pollution, and the fact that the measurement points are limited. Furthermore, in all industrial areas, measurement and installation of assessment and monitoring stations are not feasible. The AERMOD model is a dispersion steady state model which is utilized to determine the concentration of various pollutants in different areas from urban and rural, flat and rough, shallow diffusion in height, from standpoint and different shallow sources. In this model, it is assumed that the dispersion of concentration in Stable Boundary Layer (SBL) in two horizontal and vertical directions are similar to that of horizontal within Gaussian convectional boundary layer (CBL). With regard to assessment of the parameters and pollutants of stack outlet, the amount of particulate matter was measured as the most important pollutant in the region. Then, via dispersion and diffusion modeling of pollution (AERMOD) along with environmental measurements, the nature of dispersion of this pollutant in the analysis of the surrounding areas was verified. According to the presented results, the highest level of concentration for particulate matters in all areas affected by cement factory amounts to 43.68 (μg/m3) which occurred at a distance of 1500 m in the east direction and 2100 m in the north direction.
Henoch-Schönlein purpura in an adult patient , presenting with severe nephrotic syndrome

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) in adults is a rare clinical finding. Even though HSP nephritis frequently leads a course with asymptomatic urinary findings, presentation with severe nephrotic syndrome is quiet rare and associated with poor renal outcome. In this article, a patient who was admitted to the hospital with severe nephrotic syndrome and diagnosed with HSP nephritis is presented. He also achieved full remission with steroids and cyclophosphamide treatment.
The effect of resistance training on skeletal muscle inflammatory factors in diabetic rats

Background: Resistance-type exercise training has been shown to represent an effective interventional strategy to increase muscle mass, strength, and function in diabetes. The myokines released from skeletal muscle have multiple metabolic and hypertrophic effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the resistance training has an effect on IL-6 and TNF-α inflammatory cytokines in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into the control, training, diabetic control and diabetic training groups. Training groups performed the resistance training consisted of climbing a ladder (1 m) with increasing weight added to the tail. The IL-6, and TNF-α levels were measured in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) skeletal muscle using the ELIZA. Results: The results of this study showed that the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in EDL skeletal muscle was increased in diabetic rats. Resistance training did not change the levels of inflammatory cytokines in EDL skeletal muscle. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between the cytokines and glucose levels. Conclusion: Resistance training had no significant effect on the level of inflammatory cytokines in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats. The increased level of inflammatory cytokines and myokines could act as a compensatory mechanism for skeletal muscle in diabetes. It seems that the training exercise alone could not change the myokine level for skeletal muscle.
SINGLE MIXTURE AUDIO SOURCE SEPARATION USING KLD BASED CLUSTERING OF INDEPENDENT BASIS FUNCTIONS

In this paper, we present a technique to separating the audio sources from a single mixture. The system is based on the extraction of independent basis function from the mixture spectrogram and grouping them to produce the source subspaces. Principal component analysis is used for dimension reduction and independent component analysis is employed here to make the basis functions independent from each other. Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) based information theoretic clustering algorithm is introduced in this work. The proposed algorithm is suitable for better grouping of the basis functions to separate the individual source. The satisfactory result of two-source mixture separation motivates to use this system for real world single mixture source separation.
7-MHz Fully Balanced , High-Q , Wide-Dynamic-Range Current-Tunable GmC Bandpass Filter

A 10.7-MHz fully balanced, high-Q, wide-dynamicrange current-tunable Gm-C bandpass filter is presented. The technique is relatively simple based on two fully balanced components, i.e. an adder and a low-Q-based bandpass filter. The Q factor is approximately equal to a typically high and constant value of a common-emitter current gain (β) and is, for the first time, independent of variables such as a center frequency. Sensitivities of either the Q factor or the center frequency are constant between -1 to 1 and are no longer strongly affected by the Q factor or variables. As a simple example at 10.7 MHz, the paper demonstrates the high-Q factor of 121, the low total output noise of 5.303 μVrms, the 3-order intermodulationfree dynamic range (IMFDR3)of 74.45 dB and the wide dynamic range of 87.45 dB at 1% IM3. The center frequency is current tunable over 3 orders of magnitude. Comparisons to other 10.7-MHz Gm-C approaches are also included.
Pass the plate around again: a study of budgeting in a local church

Is there a contradiction between the spiritual aims of a religious organization and its need to gather resources in order to fulfill these aims? This is a study of budgeting in a local church. It considers the tension between the "sacred" agenda of the church and the often-perceived "secular" nature of accounting. There was potential for this difference to lead to resistance to accounting as it was practised within the church, and this has been considered from the point of view of the church’s religious belief system. The study was based on a consideration of accounting reports, meetings, financial techniques, and interviews with people involved in the development, implementation and resourcing of the budget. The religious beliefs of this particular church were found to have a significant bearing on attitudes to accounting. Because the church was responsible for providing its own resources, and this resourcing was perceived as being spiritual in nature, resistance to accounting in principle was minimal. While it was not permitted to dominate the activities of the church, it was actually used to objectify the goals of the church, and also to legitimate or justify certain actions. The formulation of the budget was seen as an outworking of the sacred aims of the church, and it played a particularly strong role in an assessment of the success of the church in achieving these aims. Studies of the use and significance of budgeting in other churches (or non-profit organizations), different in their size or denominational affiliations, could provide further insights into a potential sacred/secular dilemma in religious organizations.
Novel Method for Calculating the Measurement Relative Uncertainty of the Fundamental Constants

Heisenberg's 90-year-old tenet on uncertainties in physics asserts that, in nature, determination of the accuracy of coordinates and momentum of any material object has a fundamental limit. Besides, Planck's constant is vanishingly small, with respect to macro bodies, and hence cannot be used for practical applications. In this paper, the author proposes another novel limit, based on the concept that every model contains a certain amount of information about the object under study, and hence it must have optimal number of selected quantities. The author demonstrates how, by the usual measurements of fundamental physical constants, the proposed novel limit can be applied to estimate the permissible absolute and relative uncertainties of the metric being measured. For this, the author used the information theory for giving a theoretical explanation and for grounding of the experimental results, which determine the precision of different fundamental constants. It is shown that this new fundamental limit, characterizing the discrepancy between a model and the observed object, cannot be overcome by any improvement in measuring instruments, mathematical methods or super-powerful computers.
Normative consequences of efficient capital market research

This article deals with the influence exercised by the efficient market hypothesis on standard setting and, consequently, its normative consequences. It shows this influence through the analysis of a particular case: the design and implementation of the International Accounting Standard on financial instruments. In this case it is clear that the efficient market hypothesis was used as the main theoretical reference to justify the use of fair values for financial instruments. By implementing such a standard the users of this standard are educated to believe that the efficient market hypothesis is the correct theoretical reference for accounting valuations. Hence an axiom of a positive research programme acquires a normative aspect. Users will take it for granted that accounting should be interpreted with reference to the efficient market hypothesis.
A Systematic Analysis and Synthesis of the Empirical MOOC Literature Published in 2013–2015

A deluge of empirical research became available on MOOCs in 2013–2015 and this research is available in disparate sources. This paper addresses a number of gaps in the scholarly understanding of MOOCs and presents a comprehensive picture of the literature by examining the geographic distribution, publication outlets, citations, data collection and analysis methods, and research strands of empirical research focusing on MOOCs during this time period. Results demonstrate that (a) more than 80% of this literature is published by individuals whose home institutions are in North America and Europe, (b) a select few papers are widely cited while nearly half of the papers are cited zero times, and (c) researchers have favored a quantitative if not positivist approach to the conduct of MOOC research, preferring the collection of data via surveys and automated methods. While some interpretive research was conducted on MOOCs in this time period, it was often basic and it was the minority of studies that were informed by methods traditionally associated with qualitative research (e.g., interviews, observations, and focus groups). Analysis shows that there is limited research reported on instructor-related topics, and that even though researchers have attempted to identify and classify learners into various groupings, very little research examines the experiences of learner subpopulations.
THE PHYTOCHEMICALS FROM THE TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL PLANT, ADHATODA VASICA AS POTENT ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT AGAINST METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been emerging as a cardinal thereat worldwide in communities and hospitals. The bacterium readily acquires resistance against all classes of antibiotics due to either mutation of an existing bacterial gene or horizontal transfer of a resistance gene from another bacterium. This has prompted a desperate search for novel chemotherapeutics to treat acute infections from MRSA. In this investigation, antibacterial compounds from the roots of the Ayurveda Medicinal plant, Adhatoda vasica were isolated by soxhlet extraction. The different extracts were tested for their inhibitory activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 25923 strains by the disc diffusion method. The residue obtained from the dichloromethane extract showed significant zone of inhibition of 18mm. This antibacterial activity was comparable to that shown by Linezolid and, Vancomycin with zones of inhibition values 20 and 19 mm respectively. This points to the promising future of the phytochemicals present in the dichloromethane extract individually or in synergy as effective antibacterial agent(s) against MRSA.
PUNISHMENT WITHOUT CRIME: A TALE OF COOPERATION AND COMPETITION IN PUBLIC GOODS GAMES

Punishment is known to be one of the major factor of cooperation in the public goods (PG) games. However, the exact nature and reasons why people punish each other to a large extent remains unexplored. In this work we study the punishment strategies in a systematic way, disentangling several possible explanations for punishing behaviour, including competitive, emotional and preemptive motives, alongside with availability and tolerance towards punishment. We set and ran a series of experiments in different regions of Russia, which establishes that actual disapproval of others’ contirbutions is the determinant of punishment in a minority of cases. Using a structural statistical model, we offer a classification of behavioural strategies of the punishers for our sample, as well as in cross-regional perspective. This analysis establishes that, besides ethical considerations, willingness to outperform other players in the group, and precautionary punishment in anticipation of the punishment from the other player, play a major role in determination of the direction and size of spiteful punishments.
The Labour Market of Artists. Free, But Not Wild

The authors present a summary of previous research projects in the field of professional situation of artists in Poland. They refer to the conducted research of the Labour Market of Artists and Creators in Poland as well as the expertise of “The Support for Artists and Creators. International Perspective”. They also present their vision of a support system for creators and artists, which comprises: the monitoring and analysis; the status of an artist; remuneration (government programmes and potential mechanisms to stimulate demand; taxes; copyright law); insurance; foreign promotion of artists; the organisation of the labour market of artists and adjusting education to its requirements. Finally, they refer to the presentation delivered at the conference “Creative Economy in Poland, Facts and Myths”, organised by the Creative Economy Research Center of SWPS University. The main postulate proposed by the authors is to create a platform for constant monitoring and analysis of the professional situation of artists in Poland, to which the project of estimating the number of artists, creators and performers should lead.
A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Study of DLPC, DMPC, DPPC, and DSPC Mixtures in Aqueous Solution

The structural and dynamics properties of the bilayer comprising 128 molecules of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (DLPC), dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), and distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) in water were investigated using a coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulation technique. The model mixture system was simulated at 298 K under semi-isotropic pressure conditions. The aggregation was initiated from the random configurations followed by the formation of a bilayer over a period of 500 ns. The calculated values of the area per lipid, thickness, and lateral diffusion for the mixed model were different from when a single lipid was used. Our results confirmed that the chain length of the lipid molecules strongly affects the phospholipid bilayer’s physical properties.
WEANING IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS: A RETROSPECTIVE CLINICAL STUDY

GERİATRİ YAŞ GRUBU HASTALARDA VENTİLATÖRDEN AYIRMA: RETROSPEKTİF KLİNİK ÇALIŞMA Introduction: With the growth of the geriatric population in the society, the number of geriatric patients followed up at intensive care units has also increased. Weaning in geriatric patients is a long and necessary process. In our study, we evaluated the weaning process in a geriatric patient group. Materials and Method: The relationship between the weaning process and mortality rates in 814 patients aged>65 years who were hospitalised in our intensive care unit between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2016 was retrospectively analysed. Our geriatric patients were divided into three age groups: young (65–74), middle (75–84) and advance (>85). Results: The mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Enquiry II score was 21.8±9.2 and Simplified Acute Physiology Score 2 was 43.2±20.9. Mechanical ventilation was provided to 615 patients. The mean duration of the weaning process onset was 6±13.4, 5.85±7.87 and 6.5±7.1 days in the three groups, respectively. Weaning was successful in 286 (46%) of the 615 geriatric patients, and 20 patients were discharged with a home ventilator. Conclusion: The weaning process in geriatric patients may be extended with age-related pulmonary dysfunction. The number of weaning trials in this process also increased. Our results indicate that the mean number of weaning trials in successfully weaned patients is higher. We consider that given the increase in geriatric patient follow-up rates in intensive care units, it will be possible to ensure successful weaning and lower mortality rates, along with successful management of such patient groups, by increasing the number of weaning trials.
Parallel Tracking and Mapping algorithms for an Event Based Camera

An event camera has independent pixels that sends information, called “events” when they perceive a local change of brightness. The information is transmitted asynchronously exactly when the change occurs, with a microsecond resolution, making this sensor suitable for fast robotics applications. We present two new tracking and mapping algorithms, designed to work in parallel to estimate the 6 DOF (Degrees Of Freedom) trajectory and the structure of the scene in line based environments. The tracking thread is based on a Landmark Based map and an asynchronous EKF (Extended Kalman Filter) filter to estimate event per event the state of the camera unlocking the true potential of the camera. Inside the mapping thread, a line extraction algorithm has been designed to find 3D segments in the Point cloud, computed using event – ray tracing into a discretized world. Both algorithms have been built from scratch, and at this moment, only tested independently in simulation. We have obtained very good results on three synthetic self-made datasets. Some pieces of the complete Parallel Tracking and Mapping system are still missing. The current good work and results encourages to improve and finish the algorithm to achieve the implementation on the real event based camera.
Reduction of substituted nitrobenzenes in aqueous solutions containing natural organic matter

Natural organic matter (NOM) from a variety of sources has been shown to mediate the reduction of substituted nitrobenzenes in aqueous solution containing hydrogen sulfide. Pseudo-first-order rate constants were proportional to NOM concentrations and increased with increasing pH and decreasing reduction potential (E h ) of the solution. At fixed pH and E h , the carbon-normalized rateconstants (k NOM ) of a given compound varied less than 1 order of magnitude among NOMs derived from various natural waters
Consistent Adaptive Multiple Importance Sampling and Controlled Diffusions

Recent progress has been made with Adaptive Multiple Importance Sampling (AMIS) methods that show improvement in effective sample size. However, consistency for the AMIS estimator has only been established in very restricted cases. Furthermore, the high computational complexity of the re-weighting in AMIS (called balance heuristic) makes it expensive for applications involving diffusion processes. In this work we consider sequential and adaptive importance sampling that is particularly suitable for diffusion processes. We propose a new discarding-re-weighting scheme that is of lower computational complexity, and we prove that the resulting AMIS is consistent. Using numerical experiments, we demonstrate that discarding-re-weighting performs very similar to the balance heuristic, but at a fraction of the computational cost.