Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrated Building Energy Systems Design Considering Storage Technologies

The addition of storage technologies such as flow batteries, conventional batteries, and heat storage can improve the economic, as well as environmental attraction of micro-generation systems (e.g., PV or fuel cells with or without CHP) and contribute to enhanced demand response. The interactions among PV, solar thermal, and storage systems can be complex, depending on the tariff structure, load profile, etc. In order to examine the impact of storage technologies on demand response and CO2 emissions, a microgrid's distributed energy resources (DER) adoption problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program that can pursue two strategies as its objective function. These two strategies are minimization of its annual energy costs or of its CO2 emissions. The problem is solved for a given test year at representative customer sites, e.g., nursing homes, to obtain not only the optimal investment portfolio, but also the optimal hourly operating schedules for the selected technologies. This paper focuses on analysis of storage technologies in micro-generation optimization on a building level, with example applications in New York State and California. It shows results from a two-year research project performed for the U.S. Department of Energy and ongoing work. Contrary to established expectations, our results indicate that PV and electric storage adoption compete rather than supplement each other considering the tariff structure and costs of electricity supply. The work shows that high electricity tariffs during on-peak hours are a significant driver for the adoption of electric storage technologies. To satisfy the site's objective of minimizing energy costs, the batteries have to be charged by grid power during off-peak hours instead of PV during on-peak hours. In contrast, we also show a CO2 minimization strategy where the common assumption that batteries can be charged by PV can be fulfilled at extraordinarily high energy costs for the site.
Soil organic matter content as a function of different land use history

is critical to sustaining agricultural productivity (Reeves, 1997), the soil quality concept recently has received A regional survey of management and crop type and soil organic much attention. Karlen et al. (1997) defined soil quality matter (SOM) content was conducted in one soil series in the Netheras “the capacity of a specific kind of soil to function, lands (loamy, mixed, mesic, Fluventic Eutrudept). The objective was to determine the effects of land use history on SOM contents in a within natural or managed ecosystem boundaries, to prime agricultural soil, using available soil survey information and sustain plant and animal productivity, maintain or enstatistical analyses. Soil organic matter content is a relatively stable, hance water and air quality, and support human health integrating soil characteristic that reflects long-term land use and is an and habitation”. In order to express soil quality, differimportant indicator of soil quality. The SOM contents and information ent indicators have been used. They can be static, using about past land use were obtained from 45 fields. Land use history soil parameters such as bulk density, porosity, and SOM was expressed in terms of (i) tillage; (ii) crop type; and (iii) use of content (Lal and Kimble, 1997), or dynamic, using simuchemical fertilizers, (iv) manure, and (v) biocides, for six successive lation modeling (Bouma and Droogers, 1998). periods (63‐31, 31‐15, 15‐7, 7‐3, 3‐1, and 1‐0 yr before sampling).
Degenerate elliptic equations with measure data and nonlinear potentials

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Soluble iron nutrients in Saharan dust over the central Amazon rainforest

Abstract. The intercontinental transport of aerosols from the Sahara desert plays a significant role in nutrient cycles in the Amazon rainforest, since it carries many types of minerals to these otherwise low-fertility lands. Iron is one of the micronutrients essential for plant growth, and its long-range transport might be an important source for the iron-limited Amazon rainforest. This study assesses the bioavailability of iron Fe(II) and Fe(III) in the particulate matter over the Amazon forest, which was transported from the Sahara desert (for the sake of our discussion, this term also includes the Sahel region). The sampling campaign was carried out above and below the forest canopy at the ATTO site (Amazon Tall Tower Observatory), a near-pristine area in the central Amazon Basin, from March to April 2015. Measurements reached peak concentrations for soluble Fe(III) (48 ng m−3), Fe(II) (16 ng m−3), Na (470 ng m−3), Ca (194 ng m−3), K (65 ng m−3), and Mg (89 ng m−3) during a time period of dust transport from the Sahara, as confirmed by ground-based and satellite remote sensing data and air mass backward trajectories. Dust sampled above the Amazon canopy included primary biological aerosols and other coarse particles up to 12 µm in diameter. Atmospheric transport of weathered Saharan dust, followed by surface deposition, resulted in substantial iron bioavailability across the rainforest canopy. The seasonal deposition of dust, rich in soluble iron, and other minerals is likely to assist both bacteria and fungi within the topsoil and on canopy surfaces, and especially benefit highly bioabsorbent species. In this scenario, Saharan dust can provide essential macronutrients and micronutrients to plant roots, and also directly to plant leaves. The influence of this input on the ecology of the forest canopy and topsoil is discussed, and we argue that this influence would likely be different from that of nutrients from the weathered Amazon bedrock, which otherwise provides the main source of soluble mineral nutrients.
Analyzing Factors Influencing Cooperativeness Using the Prisoner's Dilemma

The authors analyzed the factors that can influence cooperativeness. Altogether 102 participants were asked to play the Prisoner’s Dilemma game as a measurement of cooperativeness (those people who did not confess were considered cooperative). The participants were asked about their sex, age, education, and occupation. The results were analyzed using a Chi-square test. Probably due to the relatively small sample size, none of the investigated factors affected the participants’ answer. However, for education and occupation clear tendencies were found showing that higher education and intellectual activity coincided with a higher tendency toward cooperation.
Mold tipe solid yang selama ini digunakan mempunyai keterbatasan pada sistim saluran pendinginan. Pada produk yang mempunyai bentuk rumit membutuhkan saluran pendingin yang mengikuti bentuk cavity (conformal). Saluran pendingin tipe conformal ini salah satu metode pembuatannya dengan cara laminasi t

Mold tipe solid yang selama ini digunakan mempunyai keterbatasan pada sistim saluran pendinginan. Pada produk yang mempunyai bentuk rumit membutuhkan saluran pendingin yang mengikuti bentuk cavity (conformal). Saluran pendingin tipe conformal ini salah satu metode pembuatannya dengan cara laminasi tiap layer plat yang disusun dengan perekat menjadi satu kesatuan (laminated steel tooling). Perbandingan performa dari penggunaan metode saluran pendingin tipe conformal dengan laminated steel tooling dan saluran pendingin lurus dari baja solid perlu dilakukan penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membuat 2 mold yaitu mold tipe saluran pendingin lurus dan mold tipe conformal pada bentuk produk plastik berbentuk silinder. Bahan plastik digunakan High Density Polyethelyne (HDPE). Volume saluran pendingin antara saluran tipe lurus dan conformal dibuat sama. Hasil dari kedua produk dengan mold yang berbeda diteliti siklus tiap tahap dan diukur penyusutan setelah 24 jam dikeluarkan dari mold (post shrinkage). Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan siklus produk untuk sistim saluran pendinginan conformal lebih pendek dan penyusutannya lebih sedikit.
The central-marginal hypothesis in acridid Orthoptera: A critique of Colombo's (2012) article

We discuss and criticise the contention of Colombo (2012) that the central-marginal model does not apply to three species of chromosomally polymorphic acridid grasshoppers, and that chromosomal clines in these species are a consequence of temperature gradients. We also discuss Colombo's interpretation of our own results on the South American melanopline grasshopper, Dichroplus pratensis Bruner.
Nonstandard Finite Difference Time Domain Algorithm for Berenger’s Perfectly Matched Layer

The nonstandard (NS) finite difference time domain (FDTD) algorithm provides remarkably high accuracy on a coarse grid by optimizing to monochromatic wave propagation within each uniform region. But, an effective absorbing boundary condition (ABC) is also necessary to accurately calculate electromagnetic fields. Although Berenger’s perfectly matched layer (PML) is a highly effective ABC, there is still no NSformulation of it. In this paper, we develop a NSversion of the PML (NS-PML). We compare the NS-PML with other ABCs and demonstrate its excellent absorption.
Race/Ethnicity and Self-Esteem in Families of Adolescents

ABSTRACT Self-esteem and perceived competence have only been explored minimally in family studies with ethnically diverse samples. The current study explores self-esteem and perceived competence in a sample of adolescents, their mothers, and their fathers from three racial/ethnic groups: African American, Hispanic/Latino/Latina, and Caucasian. Results show that African American mothers report higher perceptions of athletic competence than Caucasian or Hispanic/Latina mothers. African American fathers and Hispanic/Latino fathers report higher perceptions of physical appearance and global self-worth than Caucasian fathers. Adolescents' reports of perceived competence and global self-worth did not differ across racial/ethnic groups. Significant associations within the family were found for some domains of perceived competence. Results are discussed in terms of functioning within families of different racial/ethnic groups.
Feeding habitat utilization and preference by guanaco male groups in the Chilean Patagonia Utilizaci6n y preferencia del hibitat de alimentaci6n de grupos de machos del guanaco en Ia Patagonia chilena

Feeding habitat utilization and preference by guanaco (Lama guanicoe) male groups were studied at Torres del Paine National Park in southern Chile. They were observed 326 hours from January to December 1980 to assess feeding habitat. The number of animals feeding on identified habitat types was recorded at half hour intervals. Plant species composition of habitat types was determined by 4,374 step-points during the growing season. Vegetation maps were made of 64 randomly located 4 ha plots to determine relative availability. Six types of habitat were found: Mata Barrosa (41 � of relative abundance), Coiron (29%), Hierbas (24%), Vega (4%), firre �2%), and Calafate (0.4%). Vega was highly preferred and was fed upon by guanaco male groups significantly more than other habitat type, except in winter when it was covered by snow. Calafate was heavily used during the winter and was highly preferred through- out the year. We concluded that in this xeric environment, guanaco male groups are generalists, shifting from being grazers to browsers depending upon the socioecological season.
Sirtuins, oxidative stress and angiotensin-II mediated cardiac hypertrophy: evidence from animal studies

Angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy is associated with oxidative stress-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction. Sirtuins have recently emerged as important proteins contributing to stress resistance, cell growth, apoptosis, metabolism and aging. The involvement of sirtuins in the angiotensin II-stimulated production of reactive oxygen species and in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in animal studies will be discussed in this review article. Sirtuins play diverse roles in the cardiovascular system. This functional diversity is related to the existence of seven mammalian sirtuins and to the various molecular targets for its deacetylation and ADP ribosyltransfer reactions. In the heart SIRT-3 blocks the development of cardiac hypertrophy and protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress-mediated cell death. The antioxidant effect of SIRT-3 may play an important role in ameliorative hypertrophic agonist-induced cardiac hypertrophy. SIRT-3 is an endogenous negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing the cellular production of ROS. Undoubtedly, more research is needed to unravel the exact role of sirtuins in cardiac cell biology before they can be used as therapeutic targets valuable for translational medicine and heart failure. Whether the direct pharmacological modulation of sirtuins may confer greater benefit in cardiac diseases than the other antioxidant approaches, which shows disappointing results, is an intriguing concept.
What they really think : resolving methodological issues in supply chain ethics research

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to further the theory and strengthen methodological approaches to the role of ethics in buyer-seller relationships. The paper explores opportunities to enhance response rates, validity and reliability in the research context of organisations seeking to understand the ethical beliefs their suppliers hold of their buying organisations. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research universe is a select business group, all of which are technologically literate and online. Innovative research sampling methods were selected to great effect. The method selected was saturation surveying, a process whereby all identifiable target respondents are surveyed. Instead of selecting between sampling techniques, the option of saturation surveying, cheaply available electronically, removes the focus from the decision to either sample probabilistically or not. Instead, as the entire universe can be contacted in a cost effective manner, the sampling frame becomes of paramount importance. Thus, the focus then shifts from accurately selecting respondents from the sampling frame towards enhancing the sampling frame itself. The sampling frame was improved through guidance from the literature. Findings: The paper demonstrates that this research approach was successful in that it generated a high response rate, suggesting great involvement amongst the supplier population in the topic at hand. It also indicates a lessening of non-response bias, as the response rate is more than double that of previous research into the area. Implications: This paper presents a comprehensive approach to researching ethics in buyer-seller relations. It further promotes the effective use of new sampling methods enabled by the Internet when directed towards selective populations. Originality/Value: The novel approach of sampling frame enhancement twined with saturation surveying has exciting implications for business research. The expansion of the sampling frame to a wider audience of suppliers has long been noted as necessary although not actioned. Furthermore, in terms of the little-studied nature of buyer-seller relations, the verification of the scale developed by Bendixon and Abratt (2007) affirms the robustness of this measure for ethics research.
A Methodology for the Synthesis of Multi-Processors

Random epistemologies and hash tables have garnered minimal interest from both security experts and experts in the last several years. In fact, few information theorists would disagree with the evaluation of expert systems. In our research, we discover how flip-flop gates can be applied to the study of superpages. Though such a hypothesis at first glance seems perverse, it is derived from known results. Keywords—Synthesis, Multi-Processors, Interactive Model, Moor’s Law.
Tree-based Multi-channel Communication with Interference Avoidance using Dynamic Channel Switching in Wireless Sensor Network

In centralized control sensor network, tree-based multi-channel communication overcomes the recurrent channel switching and makes possible to transfer data simultaneously from different sources. In our paper, we propose a greedy algorithm named as NIT (Non-Intersecting Tree) that the trees can avoid inter-tree interference. We also propose channel switching technique by which trees can avoid link failure or area blocking due to external interference locally without rerunningthe algorithm and without interrupting the whole network. At first we applied our algorithm for a random topology and then we evaluate the performance of the network using NS-2 simulator. The results show that with the increasing of channel the throughputand delivery ratio are increased significantly. We got better performance than a using a recent proposed Tree-based Multi-Channel Protocol (TMCP).
G Model Revisited: Seasonal Changes in the Kinetics of Sulphate-reducing Activity in the Salterns of Ribander, Goa, India

To evaluate the contribution of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria (SRB) to the carbon flux from marine salterns, sulfate reducing activity (SRA) was measured for a year (Sept 2000–Aug 2001) This covered the pre-monsoon period (Feb–May), the monsoon (June–Sept) and the post-monsoon (Oct–Jan) in the salterns of Ribandar, Goa, India. Sulphate reduction was examined to gain insights into the decomposition characteristics (kinetics) of organic carbon; this connection is based on the theory of stoichiometric coupling between anaerobic carbon degradation and sulphate reduction to sulphide. SRA was measured using radiotracer techniques. Spatially, recalcitrance of the substrates, as depicted by the reaction rate coefficient (k), increased with depth, except during the monsoons. The values ranged from 0.0061 during the pre monsoon to 0.06 month−1 during the post-monsoon at 5–10 cm depth. The recalcitrance was highest at the surface during the monsoons at a k value of 0.014 month−1. The anaerobic degradation of labile organic matter followed first order kinetics or G model during non-monsoon seasons when the substrate was limiting due to closure of the system to the addition of extraneous source of organic matter. However, the integrated recalcitrance or the reaction rate coefficient was much higher during the post monsoon at 0.642 month−1 compared to 0.053 month−1 during the pre-monsoon season. Interestingly, the reaction rate followed zero-order kinetics when the substrate was non-limiting during monsoon due to exposure to external inputs.
Moderate Hyperthermia Induces Apoptosis in Metaphase-Arrested Cells But Not in Interphase Hela Cells

Metaphase-arrest agents and hyperthermia are both known to be capable of inducing apoptosis, and they have been used, separately, in cancer treatments. Here, we have examined whether the two treatments together may have a synergistic effect. We find that when H-HeLa cells are arrested in metaphase with spindle poisons (nocodazole or paclitaxel) and then subjected to mild heat treatment (41.5℃), they exhibit morphological changes typical of apoptosis within three hours. Moreover, those changes are blocked by the pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk, indicating apoptosis, and activated Procaspase 3 is detected by immunoblotting and by staining with the fluoresce-in-labelled caspase inhibitor FAM-VAD-fmk. Interphase cells treated in the same way do not under-go apoptosis, even with spindle poisons present. Induction of apoptosis is more rapid when the cells have been arrested longer in metaphase, suggesting that accumulation or depletion of some cellular component(s) during metaphase-arrest may make them more susceptible to hyperthermia. Further work is in progress to test whether other cell lines exhibit the same behavior and to learn more about the mechanism. The phenomenon is of interest because it may provide clues to how hyperthermia induces cell death and may yield novel therapeutic approaches to block or stimulate apoptosis.
Sacred Painting. Museum

Federico Borromeo, Cardinal-Archbishop of Milan (1564-1631), is well known as a leading Catholic reformer and as the founder of the Ambrosiana library, art collection, and academy in that city. Less known is the fact that the institution's art museum was the culmination of many decades of reflection on the aesthetic qualities and religious roles of art. Borromeo recorded his reflections in two treatises. "De pictura sacra" ("Sacred Painting", 1624) laid out the rules that artists should follow when creating religious art. Borromeo touched on dozens of iconographical issues and in so doing drew on his deep knowledge not only of church fathers, councils, and scripture but also of classical art and literature. In "Musaeum" (1625) Borromeo showed a less doctrinaire and more personal side by walking the reader through the Ambrosiana and commenting on specific works in his collection. He offered some of the earliest and most important critiques to survive on works by artists such as Leonardo, Titian, and Jan Brueghel the Elder. This volume offers, for the first time, translations of the treatises directly into English as well as freshly edited Latin texts, an introduction, extensive notes, and an appendix on the Academy of Design that was established in conjunction with the museum. These treatises will be of great interest to students of the history of art, museums, and religion.