Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Market Differentiation Potential of Country-of-origin, Quality and Traceability Labeling

Product labeling has gained considerable attention recently, as a means to both provide product-specific information and reduce quality uncertainty faced by consumers, as well as from a regulatory point of view. This article focuses on whether and to what extent origin, quality and traceability labeling is an appropriate way to differentiate food products. The focus is on fresh meat and fresh fish, two mainly generic food product categories with a high degree of credence character. Insights into the potential for market differentiation through origin, quality and traceability labeling are provided and discussed using primary data collected during the period 2000-2005 by means of four consumer surveys. In general, direct indications of quality, including mandatory information cues such as best-before dates and species names, but also including quality marks, are found to be more appealing to consumers in general than origin labeling, and the latter more than traceability. The different studies yield the conclusion that the market differentiation potential of origin and quality labeling pertains mainly to a product’s healthiness appeal, and this potential seems stronger for meat than for fish. The differentiation potential of traceability per se is rather limited. Instead, traceability is needed as the regulatory and logistic backbone for providing guarantees related to origin and quality.
Predicting Drift on Politically Insulated Institutions: A Study of Ideological Drift on the United States Supreme Court

We examine whether policymakers can predict whether nominees to the Supreme Court will drift ideologically. We analyze the pre-nomination speeches, articles, and separate opinions published by every justice who served at least ten years on the Court. Our data show that we can indeed predict whether a nominee will drift ideologically once on the Court.
Evidence of Diazotrophic Community Structure in Cotton Agroecosystem

This study was undertaken to examine the existence of diazotrophic community structure across the cropping period of cotton under the routine agricultural conditions. The traditional root nodulation assay confirmed the presence of root nodulating bacteria throughout the cropping period. Profuse nodulation was seen in tap and adventi- tious roots of the plants inoculated with the soil samples (control showing no nodulation). The nifH gene was amplified in all the soils and 0 day (day of sowing) as well as 150 day (period of harvesting) soils was considered for cloning-sequencing analysis. NifH gene pools were prescreened by RFLP and the selected clones were subsequently sequenced that revealed high levels of diversity in the soils. Different restriction patterns were recorded for the reamplified nifH fragments from the nifH clones with HaeIII and MspI. RFLP analysis resulted in 14 and 13 restriction patterns respectively, from DNA of 0 and 150 day soil. As a conclusion, we got enough evidence to state the presence of free living diazotrophs at the experimental site across the cropping period of cotton. Summary. With the help of traditional as well as molecular tools we investigated whether the routine agricultural practices as well as the growing phenological stages of the crop was causing any significant impact on the existence of diazotrophic community structure. The present study aimed to compare nifH (one of the structural genes encoding component II of nitro- genase enzyme complex involved in biological Nitrogen fixation) of the soil sampled across the cropping period of cotton. The root nodulation assay as well as detection of nifH gene and cloning sequencing analysis gave enough evidence of the existence of diazotrophs at the experimental site. Different restriction patterns were recorded for the reamplified nifH frag - ments from the nifH clones with HaeIII and MspI. RFLP analysis resulted in 14 and 13 restriction patterns respectively, from DNA of 0 and 150 day soil. The study of diazotrophic community structure, diversity as well as its functional significance should be the next part of the multidimensional approach.
Estimating the Marginal Law of a Time Series With Applications to Heavy-Tailed Distributions

This article addresses estimating parametric marginal densities of stationary time series in the absence of precise information on the dynamics of the underlying process. We propose using an estimator obtained by maximization of the “quasi-marginal” likelihood, which is a likelihood written as if the observations were independent. We study the effect of the (neglected) dynamics on the asymptotic behavior of this estimator. The consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimator are established under mild assumptions on the dependence structure. Applications of the asymptotic results to the estimation of stable, generalized extreme value and generalized Pareto distributions are proposed. The theoretical results are illustrated on financial index returns. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Expression of MMP-1 and MMP-11 in squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses

Background: Poor prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is associated mainly with invasion, recurrence, and loco-regional metastases. Objective: To evaluate the expression of MMP-1 and -11 in NCPS squamous cell carcinoma. Patients and method: Seventeen patients with complete clinical record, no treatment before the initial diagnostic biopsy, and adequate material for the immunohistochemical study of MMP-1 and MMP-11. c2 and Fisher’s exact test were used to assess MMP-1 and MMP-11 expression of neoplastic and peritumoral fibroblasts and its relation to clinicopathological parameters. Results: We found 10 females and 7 males with 58 years old mean age (37 to 85); two were classified as clinical stage II, six as III, and nine as IV. For MMP-1, 13 cases (76%) were positive in neoplastic cells and 13 in peritumoral fibroblasts. For MMP-11, 12 (71%) were positive in neoplastic cells and 10 (59%) in peritumoral fibroblasts. Conclusions: MMP-1 and MMP-11 are expressed in squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses by both neoplastic cells and peritumoral fibroblasts, suggesting that they might be exerting adjuvant actions in the mechanisms of tumor progression and that
Socio-Cultural Characteristics and Influence on Emergence of Entrepreneurship in Undivided Karbi Anglong District of Assam: A Study

Entrepreneurship development does not depend on the political and economic environment alone. Emergence of entrepreneurs depends beyond such factors. The fact has been admitted by various scholars and researcher that socio-cultural characteristics has a great influence towards entrepreneurial emergence, this is the reason why we find unevenness in the distribution of entrepreneurship throughout the world. On this line this study is an attempt to study the influence of such socio-cultural characteristics on entrepreneurial emergence in the undivided Karbi Anglong District of Assam. Primary data has been collected through questionnaire cum schedule from 69 entrepreneurs who are registered with DI&CC, Karbi Anglong, Diphu.
Testing Efficiency and the Unbiasedness Hypothesis of the Emerging Greek Futures Market

This paper investigates the joint hypothesis of market efficiency and unbiasedness of futures prices for the FTSE-20 blue chip index futures contract. The FTSE/ATHENS STOCK EXCHANGE (ASE)-20 futures market is the first organized derivatives market established in Greece and its operation rests with the Athens Derivatives Exchange (ADEX) and the Athens Derivatives Exchange Clearing House (ADECH). The growing importance of this new market for both investors and the Greek capital market motivated this empirical examination of its efficiency, even though it is an emerging market with low liquidity, compared to other European developed futures markets, but strong growth rates. The Johansen cointegration procedure used to test the market efficiency shows that the joint hypothesis of market efficiency and unbiasedness in futures prices is rejected, indicating market inefficiency. This finding is consistent to earlier but limited studies in other European emerging futures markets, implying that, despite the significant role of an organized futures/derivatives market for a capital market and an economy more general, further necessary steps have to be taken in order to contribute to its efficiency.
Making better use of what we have: Strategies to minimize food waste and resource inefficiency in Canada

We examined the problems of and solutions to food waste through the main three frames of social science research on food waste: political economy; the cultural turn (the cultures, ideologies and politics of food and consumption); and political ecology. In the course of our collective research on food waste, we analyzed dozens of government and company documents, interviewed over 35 employees of food chain firms and organizations, including 9 middle to senior managers in food retail, and 2 farmers. One co-author, as part of this and affiliated work (McCallum, Campbell & MacRae, 2014), toured distribution facilities and stores of a major Canadian food retailer, had access to the Company’s head office staff, held group and one-on-one interviews with staff in a variety of capacities, and was granted access to confidential corporate reports. Another co-author volunteered with a food recovery organization and spoke with their operational staff. Our method to identify solutions is described in more detail below, but essentially we follow a normative approach as broadly outlined by MacRae and Winfield (2016). Our focus in this paper is on changes to policies, programmes and legislation/regulation at the level of the state. Such interventions are clearly only a piece of a wide ranging set of initiatives to be undertaken by numerous actors – from food chain firms to individual eaters – but our reading is that more attention has recently been paid to private firm than regulatory changes. We hope to redress this to some degree in this article.
Gender mainstreaming in e-government services adoption - a case of e-citizen portal in Kenya

This study examines how the concept of gender mainstreaming could influence the adoption of e-government services in Kenya, which like many other developing countries, the Kenyan e-government initiatives has faced a number of challenges since its inception. The study utilizes and expands on Technology Acceptance Model to explore the adoption of e-government services in the Siaya County of Kenya. A simple random sampling technique was used to select a sample size from the population and a questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants. Analysis of the demographic data was done to test the research hypothesis using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and percentage. The major findings of the study revealed that men are potential adopters of e-government services. This is exhibited by a positive correlation that was found after a regression done on gender in relation to E-government adoption. The findings of this study are meant to provide a better understanding of mainstreaming gender in order to engender the adoption of e-government services. General Terms Gender Mainstreaming, E-government services adoption
The Current State of Phishing Attacks against Saudi Arabia University Students

: Research into phishing and social engineering is a very interesting area since a significant number of attacks are conducted with the help of social engineering and phishing as the main vector to either obtain credentials or trick the user into executing a malware infected file. The goal of our research was to examine the students' familiarity with threats in the form of phishing attacks conducted via the Internet. A questionnaire was conducted to determine the students' ability to recognize phishing attacks and if they know how to protect themselves. The motivation behind this research is to explore the Saudian Student population's self assessment in regard to phishing attacks and to assess their capability on a limited data set for purpose of obtaining a baseline for future research.
The impact of corporate social responsibility on competitiveness of Polish enterprises

Corporate social responisibility is a conception of management which is more and more popular among Polish enterprises. The idea of CSR includes many areas in the field of current activities of the company. The main areas of CSR are: local and business environment, ecology and human resource management. It is obvious that Corporate Social Responsibility can brings plenty of benefits to enterprises. It can help to build enterprises’ competitiveness. What is more, CSR improves the image and reputation of companies. The first part of the article includes a definition of CSR and presents the usage of CSR in Polish enterprises. Moreover, the paper is a theoretical analyze which shows CSR influence on companies’ competitiveness.
Quantum entanglement of parallel-coupled double quantum dots: A theoretical study using the hierarchical equations of motion approach

Quantum dots comprise a type of quantum impurity system. The entanglement and coherence of quantum states are significantly influenced by the strong electron-electron interactions among impurities and their dissipative coupling with the surrounding environment. Competition between many-body effects and transfer couplings plays an important role in determining the entanglement among localized impurity spins. In this work, we employ the hierarchical-equations-of-motion approach to explore the entanglement of a strongly correlated double quantum dots system. The relation between the total system entropy and those of subsystems is also investigated.Quantum dots comprise a type of quantum impurity system. The entanglement and coherence of quantum states are significantly influenced by the strong electron-electron interactions among impurities and their dissipative coupling with the surrounding environment. Competition between many-body effects and transfer couplings plays an important role in determining the entanglement among localized impurity spins. In this work, we employ the hierarchical-equations-of-motion approach to explore the entanglement of a strongly correlated double quantum dots system. The relation between the total system entropy and those of subsystems is also investigated.
A Taste of Spatial Character: Quality outdoor space in campus landscape leisure setting

The landscape is important in spatial development for campus space. Fundamentally, planting composition generates a character of the outdoor space. It could offer an enormous influence on visual quality, student performance and quality of life. This paper investigated the preferences and usage of outdoor campus space provided by universities during students’ leisure time. The data were collected through structured interviews at Research Universities in Malaysia. The results showed a relationship between preferences for landscape setting and utilisation index. Hence, this study suggested, the planting design is substantial to generate the space character which stimulates the use of outdoor campus space.
Shape-Selective Effect of Foreign Metal Ions on Growth of Noble Metal Nanocrystals with High-Index Facets

The introduction of foreign metal ions during the growth of noble metal nanocrystals has shown interesting shape-selective effect. This phenomenon has been attributed to the underpotential deposition of the foreign metal on the surface of the nanocrystals. As a result, the relative stability of crystal facets is changed, leading to the appearance of thermodynamically unfavorable ones. Based on this approach, a number of nanocrystals enclosed by high-index facets have been prepared. Due to their exotic shapes and highly active surfaces, these nanocrystals have found applications in catalysis and surface enhanced Raman scattering. Here we present some recent progress in using Ag, Cu or Pd ions to tailor the growth of noble metal nanocrystals bounded by high-index facets.
Significance of Bottom‐Fishing Disturbance

Since the early 1970s there has been increasing interest in the ecological effects of bottom‐fishing activities on the benthic ecology of the seas of northern Europe. The majority of studies have examined the short‐term effects of disturbance on benthic fauna. Some areas, however, such as the southern North Sea, have been subjected to fishing disturbance for over 50 years, which complicates predictions of long‐term ecological change inferred from recent experimental studies. I highlight the importance of evaluating the ecological relevance of fishing disturbance versus natural perturbations, which varies among different habitats. Most experimental studies have shown that it is possible to detect short‐term changes in community structure in response to fishing disturbance. Evidence suggests that long‐term changes are probably restricted to long‐lived fragile species or communities found in environments that are infrequently disturbed by natural phenomena. Understanding the relative ecological importance of physical disturbance by fishing versus natural events would provide a basis for predicting the outcome of fishing activities in different marine habitats. I suggest approaches that may refine attempts to correlate fishing intensity and frequency with community change, such as the use of tracking devices fitted to trawlers and surveys of fauna, such as bivalves and echinoderms, that record disturbance events of the past in their shells or body structure.
Intonation and Syllable Structure: A Cross-Linguistic Study of German and Italian Conversations

German and Italian have quite different rhythmic and/or melodic characteristics. This paper investigates the correlates of that impression, focussing on intonation and syllable structure. The data are made up of different types of repair activity in German and Italian conversations: problems of expectation, problems of understanding, and contradictions. It turns out that speakers of German and Italian use the same intonational procedures to constitute and contextualise activity types in conversations. For the two languages it is therefore possible to devise a uniform model of intonation contour assignment according to function. A comparison of the syllabic structures of the two languages reveals that the main source of the different impressions made by German and Italian prosodic structure is not intonation, but syllable structure. This accords with recent speech perception studies.
p53 Expression Activation of HIV-1 Latency in U1 Cells

Citation: Wang X, Zhao J, Mbondji C, Hewlett I (2017) p53 Expression Activation of HIV-1 Latency in U1 Cells. Int J Virol AIDS 3:036. doi.org/10.23937/2469-567X/1510036 Received: August 26, 2017: Accepted: November 16, 2017: Published: November 18, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Wang X, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Succession of marine epipelagic communities

Criteres d'evaluation des stades de developpement des biocenoses planctoniques. Successions observees dans les caracteristiques structurelles et fonctionnelles des biocenoses en developpement. Les biocenoses des zones frontales. Comparaison des caracteristiques structurelles et fonctionnelles des biocenoses en developpement dans l'Ocean Pacifique sud-est et dans d'autres regions
Assessing the Successes of and Challenges Facing Civil Society Organizations in South Africa, in Influencing Gender-Based Violence Policy

6 Introduction . 7 Literature Review . 10 Gender-Based Violence in South Africa, 10 Gender-Based Violence Policy in South Africa, 12 Influence of State Policy through Public Participation and Civil Society Organizations, 15 Concluding Thoughts, 19 Methodology . 21 Limitations of the Study . 24 Primary Research . 26 Current State of Gender-Based Violence Prevention and Response Policies, 26 Strategies and Effectiveness, 30 Government Reception, 42 Successes, 45 Failures and Challenges, 49 Societal Positionings, 54 Changes in Policies, 58 A Way Forward: A Shadow National Strategic Plan, 62 Conclusions . 66 Recommendations for Further Study . 69 Bibliography . 69 Connolly – Independent Study Project 3 Appendices . 74 Appendix A. , Sample Interview Questions for all Participants, 74 Appendix B. , Sample Consent Statement, 76 Appendix C. , Glossary of Key Terms, 77 Connolly – Independent Study Project
Limitations of fibre placement techniques for variable angle tow composites and their process-induced defects

The structural efficiency of composite panels with tailored fibre paths has attracted great attention in recent decades. It was proved analytically that tailoring of the in-plane stiffness of composite laminates can improve the buckling and postbuckling characteristics by redistributing the applied loads [1-3]. Experimental research demonstrated its superior stiffness and buckling characteristic as well [4-5]. Currently, there is significant interest in developing methodologies to design optimal fibre orientations for maximizing the structural efficiency [6-8]. The fibre placement technique is the core technology underpinning variable stiffness composites. Typical analytical research does not model its underlying manufacturing limitations sufficiently. Some researchers have tried to apply the process-induced defects such as the tow overlap and tow drop to the finite element analysis [9-11]. However, significant defects, to be considered in the analysis, still remain. In this paper, realistic limitations of the current fibre placement techniques and their process-induced defects are investigated.
Multi Agent Collaborative Filtering Algorithm Based on Double Layer Behavior Driven

In recent years, with the development of the Internet and network learning community rapid development, information technology is changing people's ways of e-learning with amazing speed. At the same time, learning trek, knowledge overload problems gradually emerged. Personalized learning recommendation has gradually become an important means for people to quickly learn and master the knowledge, but also reflects the people-oriented personalized learning mode. However, recommendation algorithm based on collaborative filtering still faces problems such as sparsity, scalability, cold start and precision. In this paper, a multi Agent collaborative filtering model based on double layer behavior is proposed for the problem of data sparsity and accuracy. Using social network relationship and dynamic agent perception and the ability to interact with learning, combined with individual behavior to measure the degree of interest, group behavior measure of trust and influence of learning resources for collaborative forecasting scale, reduce the score prediction error and the problem of learning trek. Keywords—personalized learning recommendation; multi agent; interest; collaborative filtering