Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Factor-Portfolios Approach to Asset Management using Genetic Algorithms

We present an investment process that: (i) decomposes securities into risk factors; (ii) allows for the construction of portfolios of assets that would selectively expose the manager to desired risk factors; (iii) perform a risk allocation between these portfolios, allowing for tracking error restrictions in the optimization process and (iv) give the flexibility to manage dinamically the transfer coeffficient (TC). The contribution of this article is to present an investment process that allows the asset manager to limit risk exposure to macro-factors - including expectations on correlation dynamics - whilst allowing for selective exposure to risk factors using mimicking portfolios that emulate the behaviour of given specific. An Artificial Intelligence (AI) optimisation technique is used for risk-budget allocation to factor-portfolios.
Date-restricted queries in web search engines

Search engines usually offer a date‐restricted search on their advanced search pages. But determining the actual update of a web page is not without problems. Conducts a study testing date‐restricted queries on the search engines Google, Teoma and Yahoo! Finds that these searches fail to work properly in the engines examined. Finally, discusses implications of this for further research and search engine development.
Biomechanical and histological evaluation of glycerol-preserved human sclerae.

PURPOSE To determine the histological and biomechanical characteristics of glycerol-preserved human sclera. METHODS A total of 114 paired human sclerae were cleaned and preserved with 98% glycerol under refrigeration at 4 to 8 degrees C. The samples were divided into a control group with no preservation and 5 groups of 19 sclerae in 7, 15, 30, 90 and 180 days of preservation. Each specimen was submitted to histological examination and tested for traction distensibility functions. RESULTS Preservation in glycerol did not cause alterations in the histological architecture of the scleral tissue. The mean load required to break the scleral tissue increased according to preservation time as a sigmoid function. A significant increase in mechanical resistance and decrease in distension of scleral tissue occurred after 90 days of preservation. CONCLUSIONS Scleral preservation in glycerol keeps tissue integrity. The preserved material is less distensible after 90 days. Surgeons who use sclera in ophthalmic procedures should be aware of the mechanical characteristics of glycerol-preserved sclera and take into account tissue preservation time.
Unfolding of Proteins: Thermal and Mechanical Unfolding

Abstract : Over the past few decades, researchers have sequenced the human genome which is a blueprint for proteins. However, given only the information of the sequence we cannot yet accurately predict specific structural information such as the secondary and tertiary structure of a given protein, let alone its functionality in biological processes. Recent theoretical and experimental findings have shown that the topology or conformation of the native structure of small proteins plays a critical role in determining its biological function (Baker 2000; Alm & Baker 1999). In order to carry out their biological function properly, proteins must assume a shape, assembling themselves into an ordered structure. It is now well known that depending on the topology of proteins, for example, when proteins do not fold correctly, there can be serious medical complications, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimers to name a few. Furthermore, more biophysical manifestations of protein-protein interactions are reflected in processes related to phase equilibria such as crystallization, and in the marked dependence of the diffusion coefficients of macromolecules on their concentration (Price et al. 1999). The latter aspect is currently becoming of much interest to biologists and chemists with advances in techniques for monitoring protein diffusion in the crowded cellular environment (Dayel et al. 1999). With ever increasing areas of interest in biomedical applications as mentioned above, much effort has been put into understanding the mechanism of protein folding. However, at present, there exists neither a simple and universally applicable theoretical framework nor an efficient and accurate computational framework that can account for many experimental findings.
AN EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANNEL MODELLING IN 802.11P MAC PROTOCOL FOR V2I

Recent development in communication of wireless communication for automobile industry have aided the growth of SITS (Smart Intelligent Transport System) which solves numerous vehicular based communication service concerns like traffic congestion, accidental mishap etc. VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc Network) a characteristic class of MANET (Mobile ad-hoc Network) which is a fundamental element of SITS in which the moving vehicles inter connected and communicates with each other remotely. Wireless technologies play an important part in assisting both Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) and Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) correspondence in VANET. The existing scheduling technique does not consider the environmental factor which affects the throughput performance and increases packet drop rate which result in degradation of service quality. Here in this work the author propose a RHU (Rural, Highway and Urban) environment model considering the environmental factor. The efficient environmental model algorithm is incorporated into slotted aloha in IEEE 802.11p MAC protocols which aided as a spine for assisting both safety application and non-Safety applications. Experiments are conducted for collision and throughput efficiency for varied traffic load and speed of vehicle. The experimental result shows the proposed environmental model impact on collision and throughput efficiency for varied environment and thus helps improving QoS for VANET application.
Motivational factors for women undergoing hysterectomy for uterine leiomyoma

diastasis from postpartum trauma. Orthopedics. 2008;31:493. 3. Burgess AR, Eastridge BJ, Young JW, Ellison TS, Ellison PS Jr, Poka A, et al. Pelvic ring disruptions: effective classification system and treatment protocols. J Trauma. 1990;30:848–56. 4. Kefi A, Cimen S, Aslan G, Cihan A, Secil M, Esen AA. Urethral injury as a complication of isolated diastasis pubis: case report. Int Urol Nephrol. 2006;38:501–3. 5. Jain N, Sternberg LB. Symphyseal separation. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;105:1229–32.
Visitor satisfaction,loyalty and protected areas: a review and the future

Managers of protected areas have the difficult task of protecting and conserving natural areas whilst facilitating tourism and the associated benefits for visitors. Understanding visitors, and the quality of their experiences, is becoming increasingly important. Visitors are an important source of revenue for protected area management as well as providing much‐needed societal support for such areas and their management agencies. Visitor satisfaction has been widely used as a measure of performance by managers. Although satisfaction provides important insights into visitors’ experiences, it provides little information regarding visitor’s intentions post‐visit. It is the behaviours predicted by these intentions that are important for managers: will visitors return, will they recommend the park (or park system) to others, will they volunteer their time, are they willing to pay (increased) park fees? This is the information needed by managers in times of declining budgets, fiscal uncertainties and increasing accountability requirements. The aim of this review is to assist protected area managers to move beyond satisfaction to measuring and understanding the intended behaviours of visitors and hence their loyalty. Moving beyond satisfaction requires: (1) an understanding of visitor satisfaction and service quality and their influences on loyalty; (2) definitions and measurement of visitor loyalty; and (3) research and performance reporting on loyalty.
Indirect nitrous oxide emissions from streams within the US Corn Belt scale with stream order

Significance N2O emissions from riverine systems are poorly constrained, giving rise to highly uncertain indirect emission factors that are used in bottom-up inventories. Using a non–steady-state flow-through chamber system, N2O fluxes were measured across a stream order gradient within the US Corn Belt. The results show that N2O emissions scale with the Strahler stream order. This information was used to estimate riverine emissions at the local and regional scales and demonstrates that previous bottom-up inventories based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change default values have significantly underestimated these indirect emissions. N2O is an important greenhouse gas and the primary stratospheric ozone depleting substance. Its deleterious effects on the environment have prompted appeals to regulate emissions from agriculture, which represents the primary anthropogenic source in the global N2O budget. Successful implementation of mitigation strategies requires robust bottom-up inventories that are based on emission factors (EFs), simulation models, or a combination of the two. Top-down emission estimates, based on tall-tower and aircraft observations, indicate that bottom-up inventories severely underestimate regional and continental scale N2O emissions, implying that EFs may be biased low. Here, we measured N2O emissions from streams within the US Corn Belt using a chamber-based approach and analyzed the data as a function of Strahler stream order (S). N2O fluxes from headwater streams often exceeded 29 nmol N2O-N m−2⋅s−1 and decreased exponentially as a function of S. This relation was used to scale up riverine emissions and to assess the differences between bottom-up and top-down emission inventories at the local to regional scale. We found that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indirect EF for rivers (EF5r) is underestimated up to ninefold in southern Minnesota, which translates to a total tier 1 agricultural underestimation of N2O emissions by 40%. We show that accounting for zero-order streams as potential N2O hotspots can more than double the agricultural budget. Applying the same analysis to the US Corn Belt demonstrates that the IPCC EF5r underestimation explains the large differences observed between top-down and bottom-up emission estimates.
Haloalkene oxidation by the soluble methane monooxygenase from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b: mechanistic and environmental implications.

The soluble, three-protein component methane monooxygenase purified from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b is capable of oxidizing chlorinated, fluorinated, and brominated alkenes, including the widely distributed ground-water contaminant trichloroethylene (TCE). The oxidation rates for the chloroalkenes were observed to be comparable to that for methane, the natural substrate, and up to 7000-fold higher than those reported for other well-defined biological systems. The competitive inhibitor tetrachloroethylene was found to be the only chlorinated ethylene not turned over. However, this appears to be due to steric effects rather than electronic effects or the lack of an abstractable proton because chlorotrifluoroethylene was efficiently oxidized. As evidenced by the formation of diagnostic adducts with 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine, the halogenated alkenes were oxidized predominantly by epoxidation. Stable acidic products resulting from subsequent hydrolysis were identified as the major products. However, additional aldehydic products resulting from intramolecular halide or hydride migration were observed in 3-10% yield during the oxidation of TCE, vinylidene chloride, trifluorethylene, and tribromoethylene. Product analysis of the hydrolysis reaction of authentic TCE epoxide showed little or no 2,2,2-trichloroacetaldehyde (chloral) formation, indicating that atomic migration occurred prior to product dissociation from the enzyme. The occurrence of atomic migration products shows that an intermediate in the substrate to product conversion carries significant cationic character. Such a species could be generated through interaction with a highly electron-deficient activated oxygen in the active site. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Corporate Social Responsiveness: Studi Naratif Success Story Transisi Pengalihan Kepemilikan Perusahaan dari Devon Energy Companies in Indonesia ke Petrochina International Companies in Indonesia

Abstract: The purposes of research are to: (1) identify role from three regulators namely; CSR Driver, CSR Internal Tools and CSR Enabler in influencing critical incident to the company; (2) identify initiative strategy CSR or CSR outcomes in handling the critical incident; and (3) proposed a Model for regulating the critical incidents. This research conduct in depth analysis and examine over one case of success story in handling the critical incident that occurred during transition of stockholder changeover from Devon Energy Companies in Indonesia (DECI) to PetroChina International Companies in Indonesia (PCI). This Research uses the multiple data that are Combining Historical Research and Narrative Inquiry to understand the phenomenon of success story. In this research; key-informans are interviewed to obtain their narratives; and document correspondent and media released are used as sources for constructing the chronicles. Data is analyzed by using Domain, Taxonomic and Componential Analysis. The result of this research indicates: (1) Factors that considered as CSR regulators is; 1a.Transformer, formed factors that lead to improve emphasis to the employee’s demand about compensation payment to the company transfer from DECI to PCI; 1b. Rectifier, formed factors that have a role to support, measure and help in handling the employee’s demand about compensation payment to the company transfer from DECI to PCI; and 1c. Capacitor/Smoothing, formed factors that have a role to give references/standard in handling the employee’s demand about compensation payment to the company transfer from DECI to PCI. (2) DECI’s CSR Management could not handle the employee’s demand, so that they utilized external parties and involved stakeholder to broke the law and regulation impasse about labour and existing working-agreement between employee and company (3) Proposed a Model about arrangement mechanism on critical incident by CSR Regulator, which is refer to this model by using response strategy of CSR Surgery, time required to handle the employee’s demand about compensation payment to the company transfer from DECI to PCI d is not longer than one month from April 16 thru May 17, 2002. Keywords: corporate social responsiveness, corporate social responsibility, oil industry, critical incidents, narrative inquiry, historical research, chronicles
Wavelength Dependence of the Sensitivity of All-Fiber Refractometers Based on the Singlemode–Multimode–Singlemode Structure

In this paper, the wavelength dependence of the sensitivity of all-fiber refractometers based on the singlemode-multimode-singlemode fiber structure, in which a piece of no-core fiber (NCF) is used to serve as the multimode section, is investigated via numerical simulations and experiments. We found that the sensitivity of a refractometer is linearly proportional to the wavelength of the dip/peak in the transmission spectrum that is chosen to measure the refractive index (RI) change. Because the wavelength shift is larger for a dip/peak at a longer wavelength than at a shorter wavelength, a linear spectral chirp will occur in the transmission spectrum when the surrounding RI changes. We also found that the sensitivity significantly increases with the decrease in the diameter of the NCF and is independent of its length. The experimental results agree well with the numerical predictions.
Market Responses to Firms' Voluntary Climate Change Information Disclosure and Carbon Communication

Despite the importance of the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), the question of how firms' voluntary carbon disclosure influences capital markets and shareholder value remains unanswered. Using the event study methodology with a sample of firms from the CDP Korea 2008 and 2009, this paper investigates market responses to firms' voluntary carbon information disclosure. The results suggest that the market is likely to respond negatively to firms' carbon disclosure, implying that investors tend to perceive carbon disclosure as bad news and thus are concerned about potential costs facing firms for addressing global warming. In addition, the study examines the moderating effect of frequent carbon communication on the relationship between carbon disclosure and shareholder value. The results suggest that a firm can mitigate negative market shocks from its carbon disclosure by releasing its carbon news periodically through the media in advance of its carbon disclosure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Iraq : A Multi-country South-South Knowledge Exchange on Social Safety Nets

South-South knowledge exchanges are increasingly recognized as one of the most effective learning and development tools. While it is important to facilitate such exchange of first-hand experiences and lessons across developing countries, what is even more important is what is actually done with the outcomes of the learning and knowledge sharing that take place across boundaries. So in this Quick Note authors would like to take it a step further and share the Iraq country experience, which has recently benefitted from South-South knowledge exchange facilitated by the World Bank. In this case, the World Bank not only acted as a facilitator and convener, but also as a solution provider. The cash-based social safety net program administered by the Ministry of labor and social affairs has expanded to reach nearly one million families (based on categorical targeting), with a budget of about US$800 million. Overall, Iraq spends close to 10 percent of its gross domestic product on social safety net programs, of which 7.7 percent is spent on food and fuel subsidies.
Electrochemotherapy, a new antitumor treatment. First clinical phase I‐II trial

Background. Electrochemotherapy is a new antitumor treatment consisting of electrical pulses administered to the tumor several minutes after intravenous injection of bleomycin. In mice, important antitumor effects were observed on subcutaneously transplanted tumors and on spontaneously occurring mammary carcinomas. Cures were obtained after one single treatment combining bleomycin and electric pulses. In humans, permeation nodules seemed an adequate oncologic situation to assay this new procedure. The authors report the first Phase I‐II trial of electrochemotherapy.
Solving Expert Assignment Problem using Improved Genetic Algorithm

Expert assignment is chief and basic work of project review in project management. So it is significant to research how to solve expert assignment problem (EAP). In previous papers, we established the mathematical model of expert assignment problem, and proposed genetic algorithm (GA) and GA using heuristic mutation guide by pheromone (HMP) to solve EAP. Though it has been proven GA and HMP are effective ways for EAP, they have disadvantages of massive redundancy iteration in later period and inferior local search ability. In this paper a modification of GA which introduces adaptive mutation to HMP is proposed to solve EAP. The simulation results show that the new algorithm improves the ability of local search and generates solutions of better quality.
Analysis of the synovial cell infiltrate in early rheumatoid synovial tissue in relation to local disease activity.

OBJECTIVE To define variations in the cellular infiltrate and in the expression of monokines in synovial tissue (ST) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with different durations of disease and different levels of disease activity. METHODS The immunohistologic features of synovial biopsy specimens from 31 patients with early RA (< 1 year) and 35 patients with longstanding RA (> 5 years) were compared. The possible associations between these features and local disease activity, as measured by the score for pain in the biopsied knee joint were also evaluated. RESULTS The immunohistologic features were not dependent on disease duration. We found a positive correlation between the scores for knee pain and the semiquantitative scores for the number of macrophages, as well as the expression of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, whereas the correlation with the scores for CD4+ T cells was negative. Multivariate analysis showed that these correlations were highly statistically significant (P < 0.003). CONCLUSION The results do not support the view that inflammatory mechanisms in the synovial tissues of RA patients differ between early and late stages of the disease. The findings presented here are consistent with the concept that early RA is the result of a synovitis process of longer duration and that macrophage-derived cytokines play an important role in maintaining the clinical signs of inflammation.
Gains from cataract surgery: visual function and quality of life.

AIMS: To describe the impact of cataract surgery in terms of visual function (functioning in everyday life with respect to vision dependent activities) and health related quality of life. METHODS: An observational, longitudinal study of patients undergoing cataract surgery was carried out at three district general hospitals in outer London districts of North Thames Region with follow up at 4 and 12 months postoperatively for a clinical assessment and a standardised administered interview. Patients were admitted for surgery to the first eye for age-related cataract between 1 May 1993 and 31 August 1994. Visual functioning was assessed by the VF-14, health related quality of life was assessed by the sickness impact profile (SIP), and vision related quality of life was assessed by VR-SIP (a modification of the generic SIP). RESULTS: Significant gains in all the outcome measures were demonstrated at 4 months postoperatively. No significant change (gain or loss) was observed between 4 and 12 months after surgery to the first eye. Postoperatively, the mean visual function (VF-14) scores, and health related (SIP) and vision related (VR-SIP) quality of life scores, indicated less reported trouble with vision dependent activities and better perceived quality of life, respectively. The average gains in visual function and quality of life (health and vision related) were apparent in groups with good visual outcome and poor visual outcome. Significant additional gains were seen at 1 year in patients who had second eye surgery in the interval between the postoperative assessments. CONCLUSIONS: Gains in visual functioning and quality of life (health and vision related) have been demonstrated following cataract surgery. These gains were sustained at 1 year after surgery to the first eye, with additional gains being conferred if second eye surgery had been performed. Assessment of the outcomes of cataract surgery by clinical indicators alone may underestimate the overall benefits of surgery, particularly in patients with poor visual outcome.
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Vesicular Stomatitis New Jersey Viruses Representing the 2012 U.S. Epidemic Strain and Its Closest Relative Endemic Strain from Southern Mexico

ABSTRACT We report here the complete genome sequences of two vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus (VSNJV) field strains isolated from epithelial lesions from naturally infected animals in Mexico and the United States. The close phylogenetic relationship of these isolates makes them an ideal model for assessing potential genetic factors linked with the emergence of VSNJV in the United States.