Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Medicina basada en la evidencia: una aproximación epistemológica

La propuesta de la medicina basada en la evidencia conjuga la experiencia del clinico con el analisis juicioso de los resultados de investigaciones clinicas de excelente calidad metodologica para la toma de decisiones medicas. Esta propuesta ha sido ampliamente divulgada por los lideres de opinion medica. Sin embargo, contrario al gran numero de publicaciones que promueven esta practica, no se evidencia en la literatura medica un espacio de discusion acerca de las implicaciones epistemologicas que ha tenido la implementacion de esta practica en el acontecer cotidiano del acto medico. La propuesta novedosa de la medicina basada en la evidencia consiste en priorizar las decisiones medicas de acuerdo con la disponibilidad del conocimiento como resultado de los estudios cientificos. Presentamos en este ensayo algunas reflexiones sobre la inconveniencia de la importacion "ciega" del metodo cientifico de las ciencias exactas a la ciencia clinica, que es la principal fuente de evidencia para el medico, ademas de lo inadecuado de definir los estados de salud y enfermedad como continuos numericos homogenizados por una escala de medicion. Finalmente, proponemos que el reconocimiento del ser humano enfermo como sistema complejo, unico e irrepetible, definido a su vez por su devenir y su contexto, nos obliga a reconocer que la propuesta de la medicina basada en la evidencia no es universal ni absoluta. Solo en la medida en que dichas particularidades se tengan en cuenta, estaremos en capacidad de brindar una atencion mas idonea a nuestros pacientes.
Pencil code: block code for a text world

Pencil Code is a block-based coding tool that helps beginners work with text-based web programming languages. It has been used to allow help first-time programmers of all ages create programs in JavaScript and CoffeeScript. Pencil Code allows students to toggle between text code and blocks freely. This approach allows students to transition smoothly from blocks to text as they become familiar with syntax. It also allows educators to create block vocabularies for specific lessons without working with an entirely new programming language.
Matching Assets with Demand in Supply-Chain Management at IBM Microelectronics

In the early 1990s, the IBM Corporation decided that its microelectronics division should expand from producing parts exclusively for other IBM locations to producing a range of products for diverse customers. To overhaul its supply-chain-management applications to handle the new business, it developed intelligent models to match assets with demand to determine which demands it could meet when and to provide manufacturing guidelines. In 1994, the PROFIT team began applying OR techniques to build these tools, interweaving linear programming with a traditional material resource planning algorithm and a heuristic matching process based on clues established in the explosion algorithm. The team has deployed three core applications: a weekly division run that determines customer commitments and manufacturing requirements, daily manufacturing runs that identify the best use of manufacturing resources to meet division requirements, and a division available-to-promise application that facilitates fast response to customers placing orders (not described). This work has improved manufacturing utilization and customer-order response time.
Wideband power divider using Gysel and modified Wilkinson structure

A novel two-way power divider (PD) with wideband frequency response is presented in the paper. By combining a Gysel and a modified Wilkinson power divider, the proposed PD achieves a balance between heathandling and bandwidth. Owing to its symmetrical structure, the operating mechanism can be derived by the evenand odd-mode analysis. Then, a prototype of an in-phase power divider operating at 3.75GHz has been designed, fabricated and measured. The measured results demonstrate an acceptable bandwidth of about 72% with isolation >15 dB and return loss >14 dB.
A transient pulse dually filterable and online self-recoverable latch

This paper presents a transient Pulse Dually Filterable and online Self-Recoverable (referred to as PDFSR) latch. Based on soft error masking property of C-element and using built-in delayed paths combined with a Schmitt inverter, a single event transient (SET) pulse could be dually filtered. Meanwhile, mutually feeding back mechanism of multiple C-elements was constructed to retain data, which makes the latch self-recoverable from a single event upset (SEU). Simulation results have demonstrated the SET filtering ability and SEU resilience at the cost of only 2.0% area-powerdelay-width product increase on average, compared with the similar latches.
Inducing out-of-body experiences

In an out-of-body experience (OBE), people seem to be awake and feel that their ‘self’,or centre of experience, is located outside of the physical body. It is from an elevatedextracorporal location that the subjects who undergo an OBE experience seeing theirbody and the world. The following example from Irwin
Cost-effective 97%-efficiency charge-pump voltage balancer for multi-level PWM photovoltaic micro-inverter

In this paper, cost-effective high-efficiency photovoltaic (PV) power conditioning system (PCS) applicable for small-scale grid tied micro inverters usually under 400W is proposed. The two-stage PCS consists of a modified H-bridge topology producing 5-level output and a boost converter magnetically-coupled with a secondary charge-pump circuit to provide charge balancing with isolation. Compared to the previous multi-level microinverter systems, the inverter circuit has reduced the part count, the DC-DC stage enables Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) without powerconversion efficiency compromise during the voltage balancing operation at the neutral point of the DC-link capacitor for a low-cost 5-level photovoltaic inverter. Also, the voltage ratios are automatically maintained by the coupled-inductor turns ratio, thereby eliminating the additional control circuit for maintaining voltage balancing. Proposed micro-inverter topology is proved by the simulation and hardware prototype experiments.
A double-blind, randomized trial of IV immunoglobulin treatment in acute optic neuritis

Objective: To investigate if IV immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment in the acute phase of optic neuritis (ON) could improve visual outcome and reduce MRI disease activity 6 months after onset of ON. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with ON were randomized within 4 weeks from onset of symptoms. Thirty-four patients were randomized to IVIG 0.4 g/kg body wt, and 34 patients were randomized to placebo. Infusions were given at days 0, 1, 2, 30, and 60. Contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, and color vision were measured at baseline and after 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. Pattern reversal visual evoked potential studies and gadolinium-enhanced MRI were performed at baseline and after 1 and 6 months. Clinical relapses during follow-up were recorded. Results: There was no difference in the primary outcome, contrast sensitivity after 6 months, between patients randomized to treatment with IVIG or placebo. In addition, there was no significant difference in the secondary outcome measures, improvement in the visual function measures and MRI, at any time during follow-up. At baseline, a significantly higher number of patients in the IVIG group had one or more enhancing lesions on MRI and IVIG-treated patients had a significantly higher number of enhancing lesions on MRI than patients treated with placebo. No difference was found in number of patients with one or more enhancing lesions or number of enhancing lesions in subsequent scans between treatment groups. Number of relapses was equal in the two treatment groups during follow-up. Conclusions: There was no effect of IV immunoglobulin (IVIG) on long-term visual function following acute optic neuritis, nor was there an effect of IVIG treatment in reducing latency on visual evoked potentials and thus preserving function of axons of the optic nerve.
Adiabatic SRAM with the large margin of Vth variation by the gradual change of the voltage

The simplified adiabatic SRAM is proposed which enables gradual charging during writing mode so that problems of electromigration and hot carrier effects can be resolved. For simplicity, we do not use a regenerator circuit for charge recycling in the circuit. In the writing mode, the voltage of the memory cell power line is reduced to ground gradually using a high-resistivity nMOSFET, and we turn off the nMOSFET so that we set the memory cell power line to be in a high-impedance state. Then, we input adiabatic signal from one bit line to charge the memory cell power line to VDD. This writing method enables gradual discharging and charging. As for reading, the word line voltage is decreased to Vth, or it is changed stepwise while the voltages of bit lines are verified. These reading methods enable the gradual change. With the gradual charge transfer in writing and reading modes, the SRAM can avoid electromigration and hot-carrier effects even in the less-than-45-nm process, while it maintains an operating voltage of 1V or more.
Shoe me the Way: A Shoe-Based Tactile Interface for Eyes-Free Urban Navigation

We present Shoe me the Way, a novel tactile interface for eyes-free pedestrian navigation in urban environments. Our prototypical implementation can be fully integrated into users' own, regular shoes without permanent modifications. Interface use does not distract users from their surroundings. It thereby adds to users' safety and enables them to explore their environments more freely than is possible with prevailing mobile map-based pedestrian navigation systems. We evaluated our prototype using two different navigation modes in a study with 21 participants and report on significant differences in user performance and preferences between the modes. Study results also show that even our prototypical implementation is already stable, functional and has high usability.
A systematic evaluation of a peracetic-acid-based high performance disinfectant

The importance of environmental contamination in the spread of healthcare associated infections (HAI) has generated a need for high performance disinfectants. Currently chlorine-based disinfectants are the products of choice, a position reflected in UK guidance. The aim of this research was to evaluate a peracetic acid (PAA) generating disinfectant to determine if it provided a realistic alternative to commonly used chlorine-based disinfectants. The European standards framework was employed in this study and enhanced where appropriate by reducing the contact times, increasing the organic and microbial challenge, and changing the organisms involved. When tested against bacteria and spores PAA provided similar or better performance than currently employed levels of chlorine. This was particularly the case in the presence of an organic challenge or dried surface contamination. The chlorine disinfectants only demonstrated superior performance in the case of fungal spores. These results suggest that PAA generating products provide an effective alternative to chlorine-based products up to 10,000 ppm free available chlorine. These products have superior performance in situations with spore borne, surface contamination and high organic challenge. In cases where filamentous fungi are a concern, high levels of PAA (>5,000 ppm) would be required to match the performance of chlorine based disinfectants.
Radial Artery Cannulation for Diagnostic Coronary Angiography and Interventions: Historic Perspective, Overview, and State of the Art

Due to its superior safety and virtual elimination of access site complications, trans-radial access to cardiac catheterization and interventions is gaining popularity worldwide. Several types of puncture equipment and introducer sheaths are available for radial puncture, and their use depends on availability and local practice patterns. Pharmacological agents are routinely used in conjunction with this approach to minimize radial spasm, thrombosis, and subsequent occlusion. Today, practically any coronary intervention can be performed safely and effectively via trans-radial route. Radial artery occlusion following trans-radial cardiac catheterization is relatively uncommon, and although usually silent, it should be avoided at all cost as it limits future radial access. Its pathophysiology is multifactorial and involves interaction of several factors such as local trauma, associated with local thrombus formation, and leading to occlusion over a variable time scale, with a percentage of spontaneous re-canalization. Patients with diabetes, vascular disease, low body weight, and those undergoing repeat procedures are at risk. It can be avoided by appropriately selecting patients suitable for this technique, use of heparin anticoagulation, and appropriately sized sheaths. Of crucial importance is the prompt removal of the radial arterial sheath following the procedure and implementation of patent hemostasis technique.
Sinusoidal-switched serial-coupled CMOS LC quadrature VCO

A new topology to design low-phase-noise low-power quadrature voltage-controlled-oscillator (QVCO) is proposed. The proposed topology is based on using a dynamic transistor biasing scheme in a typical voltage-controlled-oscillator (VCO). This method modifies the equivalent impulse-sensitivity-function (ISF) of oscillator to reduce the oscillator sensitivity to noise sources and as a result reducing the oscillator phase noise. A 1.8GHz, 1.8v designed QVCO with 0.18u CMOS technology based on the proposed topology shows a phase noise of -134dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset frequency from the carrier.
A low-cost recovery scheme for dynamically scheduled processors

Although today's branch predictors show high accuracy, the branch misprediction penalty is getting larger due to aggressive speculation and deeper pipelining. In order to reduce the miss penalty, we propose a fast and low-cost branch recovery scheme using the incremental register renaming (IRR) and the bit-vector based rename map table (BVMT). The IRR enforces the destination register number of the instruction stream to appear in non-decreasing order. With this incremental property of the IRR, the BVMT recovery scheme completely eliminates the roll-back overhead on branch misprediction. Thus, the instruction fetcher does not stop and it fetches instructions from the correct path immediately after the misprediction detected. The goal of our scheme is to prevent a processor from flushing the pipeline, even under branch misprediction. Consequently, the BVMT instantly reconstructs the map table to any mispredicted branch and it outperforms the conventional approach by an average of 10.93%.
Performance of adaptive modulation assisted adaptive beamforming system

Due to limited spectrum and increasing demand for wireless application, efficient use of wireless channel is becoming more important. In this paper, we propose a new approach of adaptive modulation to be employed in adaptive beamforming system to increase spectral efficiency while maintaining transmission quality. With a guarantee of bit error rate (BER) =10-2 and 10-4, our proposed method can achieve average throughput of 4bits/symbol at signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) = 16dB and 22dB, respectively.
PyCompArch: python-based modules for exploring computer architecture concepts

As computer architecture integrates multiple concepts such as microarchitecture, design, the hardware-software interface, compilers, and operating systems, there is an always increasing need to develop new methods for learning and exploring the field. Parallelism in computer systems is a key focus in computer architecture and some core parallel concepts include Amdahl's law, efficiency, and overhead. While there are a number of ways to examine these topics in traditional lectures and assignments, a unique way is to leverage Python-based programming environments that allow students to independently explore concepts and their governing parameters. This paper presents the highlights of PyCompArch Python module developed using the IPython Notebook environment to help the study of concepts in computer architecture. Python is a widely used general-purpose, high-level programming language, but traditionally the language does not play a leading role in the education of computer architecture. IPython Notebooks allow developers to interactively run Python code cells and to construct Python codes that execute on remote servers that eliminate any system requirements of the individual. In this way, the environment supports web-based remote "in the cloud" code development that can be modified during lectures or in homework assignments. The PyCompArch module supports a number of ways to help individuals learn concepts of parallelism related to computer architecture as well as explore experiments in computer performance and control. For example, PyCompArch supports the evaluation of performance of real-world benchmarks such as Open Computer Vision (OpenCV) and dynamic frequency scaling (DFS) in Raspberry Pi systems. Overall, the PyCompArch supports student learning and development of experiments in computer architecture.
Touchscreen usability and input performance in vehicles under different road conditions: an evaluative study

With the proliferation of the touchscreen technology, interactive displays are becoming an integrated part of the modern vehicle environment. However, due to road and driving conditions, the user input on such displays can be perturbed resulting in erroneous selections. This paper describes an evaluative study of the usability and input performance of in-vehicle touchscreens. The analysis is based on data collected in instrumented cars driven under various road/driving conditions. We assess the frequency of failed selection attempts, distances by which users miss the intended on-screen target and the durations of undertaken free hand pointing gestures to accomplish the selection tasks. It is shown that the road/driving conditions can notably undermine the usability of an interactive display when the user input is perturbed, e.g. due to the experienced vibrations and lateral accelerations in the vehicle. The distance between the location of an erroneous on-screen selection and the intended endpoint on the display, is closely related to the level of present in-vehicle noise. The conducted study can advise graphical user interfaces design for the vehicle environment where the user free hand pointing gestures can be subject to varying levels of perturbations.
Pricing Data Services: Pricing by Minutes, by Gigs, or by Mega Bytes per Second?

Motivated by the pervasive discrepancy among the pricing schemes of data services, this paper investigates the selection of pricing metrics (variables) and the corresponding pricing plans. We construct a stylized model in which a monopoly data services seller faces heterogeneous consumers whose utilities depend on the usage and the connection speed. We examine three options for the seller to conduct the second-degree (indirect) price discrimination: by minutes, by giga bytes (Gigs), and by mega bytes per second (Mbps). We show that the after-sales self-selection behaviors have a significant impact on the seller's profitability, and it leads to a first-order influence on the pricing metric selection. We prove that either pricing by Gigs or pricing by Mbps can be optimal. Pricing by Gigs can dominate the pricing by Mbps even if the consumer's utility is more sensitive in changes in the connection speed. We also find that when incorporating the bandwidth costs or congestion costs, pricing by Mbps becomes more attractive as it allows the seller to directly control the congestion effect. These findings may help practitioners to develop their own pricing plans and pricing metrics selection.
RF power detector design with temperature compensation for power amplifiers bias control

This paper presents the radio frequency power detector design for the bias control of the power amplifiers using a DC to DC converter. Non-diode type power detector has large bandwidth which is important for fast tracking of the non-constant envelope RF signal such as in WCDMA (wideband CDMA) system. The measured result shows the output voltage of power detector from 0.77V at low output power to 1.806V at 27.5dBm output. The variation of the detector output voltage is less than 60mV because of the temperature compensated current sources when the ambient temperature is varied from -30°C to 85°C.
Labelled mobile ambients model for information flow security in distributed systems

Lattice model of secure information flow (referred as LIFS) is the foundation for building secure systems. In this paper, we capture the lattice model of security for mobility in a distributed setup using the formalism of Mobile Ambient calculus (MA) that has been widely used to model mobility and concurrency. Our model, referred to as Labelled Mobile Ambients (LMA), assigns labels to ambients for tracking information flow in the system, and provides semantics for preserving the distributed information flow policy specified by the labels. While there exist variants of the mobile ambient calculus for modelling application specific aspects of mandatory access control like confidentiality and integrity in the literature, our LMA model subsumes these models by capturing confidentiality and integrity as special cases of information flow properties. Thus, the LMA model enables a wide range of applications with complex security requirements, and permits a simple static analysis to establish whether the system violates information flow policy. A relative comparison to other prominent works is provided highlighting the merits of our LMA.
Subfulminant Acute Liver Failure by Albendazole: Case Report

Acute hepatic failure is a rare and dramatic condition of acute loss of hepatocellular function, generally caused by virus, auto-immunity or drugs, either by idiosyncratic reaction or by dose-dependent injury. We present a case of hepatic injury induced by albendazole, an imidazole derivate, in a patient of 21 years old, who developed acute hepatic failure. She was included at the transplantation list, but had a great clinical evolution, with full recovery of the liver function only with support measures, prescinding of that treatment. In spite of this drug class presents with hepatotoxicity is already widely known fact, there are just few cases in the literature in association with hepatic failure. J Med Cases. 2015;6(8):342-345 doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.14740/jmc2147w