Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Generic Internal Model for Robust Output Regulation Problem for Plants subject to an Uncertain Exosystem*

The canonical internal model is the key technique for handling the robust output regulation problem of systems with an uncertain exosystem. However, the output mapping of this internal model relies on the uncertain parameters of the exosystem. These uncertain parameters in the output mapping have to be further estimated using the adaptive control technique, which complicates the design of the overall control law. In this paper, we consider constructing a so-called generic internal model (gIM) which has the same form as the canonical internal model but with an output mapping independent of the uncertain parameters of the exosystem. With such an internal model, the robust output regulation problem for systems with an uncertain exosystem can be solved solely by the robust control approach, which is much simpler than the control law based on the adaptive control approach. We give conditions for constructing such gIMs.
Distributed Control for Power Management Based on Fuzzy Logic in DC Microgrid

A standalone DC microgrid is consist of renewable energy sources (RES), energy storage system (ESS) and loads. This paper proposes a distributed control algorithm for adequate power sharing between the sources. The mismatch in power sharing between sources is overcome by modifying the droop control based on fuzzy logic. This assures the adequate power sharing between the sources depending on available power in the source. This maintains the stable power flow within microgrid. It also maintains the system bus voltage at set value. The fuzzy logic is used to enhance or to curtail the power of individual source considering the availability of power in source. The proposed control algorithm is decentralized and does not require communication network. The proposed modified control is verified on DC microgrid in real time simulator.
Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Data for Soil Moisture and Irrigation Mapping Over Semi-Arid Region

Identifying the irrigated areas is essential for waters managers who are in charge of distributing this resource over a large scale. The monitoring of water soil content and irrigation is a powerful tool for water resource management. The potential of Sentinel-1 (S1) and Sentinel-2 (S2) data for estimating the soil moisture and irrigation is studied over covered surfaces. An inversion algorithm of the Water Cloud Model (WCM) was developed after calibrating and validating the model over the Kairouan plain, a semi-arid region in Tunisia. The aim is to restitute soil moisture over the whole region. The developed algorithm used a synergy between S1, radar data in VV polarization, and NDVI derived from S2 optical data at high spatial resolution. The results showed good accuracy between retrieved and measured soil moisture with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) lower than 6 vol.%. Then, the resulting soil moisture maps were used for irrigation mapping. The process used a combination of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree classifications to distinguish between irrigated and non-irrigated agricultural fields. Results from the annual irrigation map show that the overall accuracy on the classification is about 77%.
A Preliminary Dynamic Investigation on Velopharyngeal Movements During Blowing: A New Approach for Evaluation.

PURPOSE To explore an alternative approach to evaluate velopharyngeal function on those speakers with compensatory misarticulation. METHOD Nasopharyngeal endoscopy was used to observe the velopharyngeal movement on 26 adult Mandarin speakers during articulation and different nonverbal state, including SCPS, DCPS, and ABS. RESULTS There were significant differences for the rate of velopharyngeal incompetence (RVPI) among the 4 different states. The RVPI was least for the Articulation State, followed by the Air Blowing and DCPS. The RVPI was largest for the SCPS. CONCLUSION The result indicated that the ABS may be used as an alternative approach to evaluate the velopharyngeal function instead of the articulation samples while patients cannot make clear articulation due to compensatory misarticulation habits. It merits further study on nonverbal activities, which could lay a foundation for exploring more effective approach for evaluation of the velopharyngeal function.
A novel method of mitigating the mutual interference between multiple LFMCW radars for automotive applications

Linear frequency modulated continuous wave (LFMCW) radar has been proven to be a highly reliable sensor to improve traffic safety. However, the increased use of LFMCW radars creates new challenges in mutual interference for automotive applications. In this contribution, an efficient approach is developed to reduce mutual interference by applying randomized sub-band spectra technique. Compared with state-of-the-art methods, the proposal shows superior performances.
Aggregation kinetics and mechanisms of silver nanoparticles in simulated pollution water under UV light irradiation

This paper investigated the effect mechanism of complex components (fulvic acid [FA], sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate [SDBS], and sodium nitrate [NaNO3]) on the aggregation kinetics of polyvinylpyrrolidone‐modified silver nanoparticles (PVP‐AgNPs) under UV irradiation. The results showed that FA and NaNO3 alone did not cause aggregation due to the high steric hindrance and/or electrostatic repulsive forces. In high concentration of SDBS solution (20–50 mM), the stability of PVP‐AgNPs was reduced by adsorbing SDBS on nanoparticle surface and replacing their PVP coatings. A mixed system of two pollutants had a synergistic effect on PVP‐AgNPs aggregation. In the mixed system of SDBS and FA, the interaction of SDBS and PVP‐AgNPs dominated the aggregation of PVP‐AgNPs. NaNO3 significantly improved the aggregation rate of PVP‐AgNPs in SDBS solution due to the charge neutralization effect of electrolyte. In 20 mg/L FA solution, the aggregation rate increased slightly with increasing NaNO3 concentration from 50 to 200 mM due to the charge neutralization effect, while the hydrodynamic diameters of PVP‐AgNPs increased linearly and rapidly to micrometer size because the spatial conformation of adsorbed FA became compact in high‐salinity solution. The calculation results of eDLVO theory were basically consistent with most of the experimental results.
Effects of Some Food Components on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Severity: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) observed in Western countries is due to the concurrent epidemics of overweight/obesity and associated metabolic complications, both recognized risk factors. A Western dietary pattern has been associated with weight gain and obesity, and more recently with NAFLD. Methods: This is a baseline cross-sectional analysis of 136 subjects (79 males) enrolled consecutively in the NUTRIATT (NUTRItion and Ac-TiviTy) study. Study subjects had moderate or severe NAFLD diagnosed by using Fibroscan-CAP. Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to obtain information about food intake. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: The mean age was 49.58 (±10.18) with a mean BMI of 33.41 (±4.74). A significant inverse relationship was revealed between winter ice-cream intake and NAFLD severity (O.R. 0.65, 95% C.I. 0.95–0.99); chickpeas intake and NAFLD severity (O.R. 0.57, 95% C.I. 0.34–0.97), and not industrial aged-cheeses type (O.R. 0.85, 95% C.I. 0.74–0.98). A statistically significant positive association also emerged between rabbit meat (O.R. 1.23, 95% C.I. 1.01–1.49), industrial type aged cheeses (O.R. 1.17, 95% C.I. 1.01–1.35), milk-based desserts (no winter ice cream) (O.R. 1.11, 95% C.I. 1.01–1.21), fats (O.R. 1.12, 95% C.I. 1.01–1.25), and NAFLD severity. Conclusion: The fresh foods from non-intensive farming and high legume intake that characterize the Mediterranean diet would seem to be beneficial for patients with NAFLD.
Difficult Airway Society guidelines for awake tracheal intubation (ATI) in adults

Awake tracheal intubation has a high success rate and a favourable safety profile but is underused in cases of anticipated difficult airway management. These guidelines are a comprehensive document to support decision making, preparation and practical performance of awake tracheal intubation. We performed a systematic review of the literature seeking all of the available evidence for each element of awake tracheal intubation in order to make recommendations. In the absence of high‐quality evidence, expert consensus and a Delphi study were used to formulate recommendations. We highlight key areas of awake tracheal intubation in which specific recommendations were made, which included: indications; procedural setup; checklists; oxygenation; airway topicalisation; sedation; verification of tracheal tube position; complications; management of unsuccessful awake tracheal intubation; post‐tracheal intubation management; consent; and training. We recognise that there are a range of techniques and regimens that may be effective and one such example technique is included. Breaking down the key practical elements of awake tracheal intubation into sedation, topicalisation, oxygenation and performance might help practitioners to plan, perform and address complications. These guidelines aim to support clinical practice and help lower the threshold for performing awake tracheal intubation when indicated.
A Genetic Algorithm for Phase Unwrapping Errors Correction in the SBAS-DInSAR Approach

The Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) remote sensing technique permits to investigate the temporal behaviour of the detected displacements through the generation of the deformation time-series. In this scenario the Phase Unwrapping (PhU) is a crucial point where several errors could occur since the problem is intrinsically ill-posed. In this paper we present a technique to correct unavoidable PhU errors and limit their impact in the final deformation time-series. The proposed approach works pixel-by-pixel and is based on the combination of an L1-norm inversion for the identification of the possible PhU errors and a genetic algorithm (GA) for the search of the best fitting solution. We include the technique in the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) DInSAR processing chain to correct the results of the Extended Minimum Cost Flow algorithm, but in principle it can be used as a correction step after a generic PhU procedure used in SBAS. Results from MonteCarlo simulations are shown in this paper while real data cases will be presented at the conference.
Estimation of the Leaf Area Index Using a Modified Triangular Difference Vegetation Index

The Leaf are index (LAI), a key factor in many physiological processes in plants, plays a crucial role in characterizing vegetation. Various vegetation indices (VIs) have been proposed to estimate such an important parameter. Some issues, however, have been found such as low accuracy and poor robustness. In this study, a Modified Triangular Difference Vegetation Index (MTDVI) was proposed by selecting optimal spectral bands on our previously reported TDVI. It was estimated by retrieving the LAI of summer corn and winter wheat. The results showed that the MTDVI was more sensitive than TDVI and some commonly used VIs to the LAIs of summer corn. To show the performance, another MTDVI0 was used to compared the MTDVI, indicating that MTDVI0 had better coefficient of determination (R2) but larger root mean squire error (RMSE). The study shows that the proposed MTDVI is satisfactory to retrieve the LAI of wheat and corn, and can be also considered for other similar crops.
An Empirical Approach on Shadow Reduction of UAV Imagery in Forests

This work is aimed at the recovery of shadowed pixels in optical imagery acquired from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) for environmental purposes. When acquiring imagery with UAV, scene dependent elements as trees, man-made constructions or the terrain morphology can block the sun beam of light (direct irradiance) and to project shadows, causing the surface to only receive diffuse light (diffuse irradiance). We present a method to reduce the effects of the shadows and to recover information based on in-situ spectral reflectance measurements. The shadow reduction is done using a pair of spectrally characterized target sets, one set placed under direct irradiance (non-shadowed targets) and, the second set, with the same spectral characteristics under diffuse irradiance (shadowed targets). Assuming that the target reflectance is the same in both sets located in the shadows and in direct illumination, we model the image values in shadowed targets using the image values of non-shadowed targets and the model is applied to all shadowed areas. The method can be very useful in forested areas sensed by drones (e.g., in detailed new forests identification, in protected areas monitoring, etc).
Presence of Legionella spp. in cooling towers: the role of microbial diversity, Pseudomonas, and continuous chlorine application

Legionnaire’s Disease (LD) is a severe pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila. Cooling towers are the main source of L. pneumophila during large outbreaks. Colonization, survival, and proliferation of L. pneumophila in cooling towers are necessary for outbreaks to occur. These steps are affected by chemical and physical parameters of the cooling tower environment. We hypothesize that the bacterial community residing in the cooling tower could also affect the presence of L. pneumophila. A 16S rRNA targeted amplicon sequencing approach was used to study the bacterial community of cooling towers and its relationship with the Legionella spp. and L. pneumophila communities. The results indicated that the water source shaped the bacterial community of cooling towers. Several taxa were enriched and positively correlated with Legionella spp. and L. pneumophila. In contrast, Pseudomonas showed a strong negative correlation with Legionella spp. and several other genera. Most importantly, continuous chlorine application reduced microbial diversity and promoted the presence of Pseudomonas creating a non-permissive environment for Legionella spp. This suggests that disinfection strategies as well as the resident microbial population influences the ability of Legionella spp. to colonize cooling towers.
Magnetic neutral sheets in evolving fields. I - General theory. II - Formation of the solar corona

This paper treats the problem of hydrostatic equilibrium of a large-scale magnetic field embedded in a fluid with infinite electrical conductivity. It was shown some years ago that a necessary condition for static equilibrium is the invariance of the small-scale pattern in the field along the large-scale direction. A varying topological pattern implies that there is no fluid pressure distribution for which the field is everywhere static. Magnetic neutral sheets form, and dynamical reconnection of the field occurs. In the present paper it is shown that the invariance is also a sufficient condition for the existence of a fluid pressure distribution producing static equilibrium. However, even in the simplest cases the requirements on the fluid pressure are extreme and a priori unlikely. We conclude that almost all twisted flux tubes packed together produce dynamical nonequilibrium and dissipation of their twisting. This is the basic effect behind the long-standing conjecture that the shuffling of the footprints of the bipolar magnetic fields in the Sun is responsible for heating the active corona.
A Optimized Capacitor Voltage Balance Strategy using Binary Number Sorting Algorithm for Modular Multilevel Converter

Capacitor voltage balancing strategy for Submodules (SMs) is one of the key technologies for modular multi-level converters(MMC). The conventional strategy has the problems of large computation and high switching frequency of devices. In order to solve these problems, a mark and operation voltage balancing strategy (MOVBS) is proposed. This strategy marks SMs with two different labels according to the amplitude of capacitor voltage of SMs and current direction of arms, then do sorting and selecting operations to SMs based on the marking results. It reduces sorting times, switching frequency and power loss of devices. For capacitor voltage sorting process, a binary radix sorting algorithm(BRSA) is proposed to improve sorting speed and efficiency of MOVBS. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the MOVBS is verified with a 11-level MMC-HVDC simulation model created in Matlab/Simulink.
Spin-wave logical gates

A universal approach to spin-wave logic gates is presented. The feasibility of a spin-wave based NOT gate has been demonstrated experimentally. We propose to use a Mach–Zender-type current-controlled interferometer based on spin-wave propagation in a ferromagnetic film to construct logical gates. We investigate the performance of the main element of such interferometric logical gates—the controlled phase shifter implemented as a spin-wave device.
Adaptive Path Planning in Three-Dimensional Wireless Sensor Networks for Micro Aerial Vehicle - Assisted Localization

The localization of sensor nodes is one of the critical technologies in a three-dimensional (3D) wireless sensor network. Nowadays, many time-critical scenarios, like a forest fire, demand fast and efficient assessment of the affected area.A mobile anchor-assisted localization ensures efficient positioning while reducing energy and time consumption for the overall network. To achieve this a suitable trajectory for a mobile anchor is of great importance. In our work, we assume a micro aerial vehicle (MAV) as the mobile anchor. MAVs provide many practical benefits and easier access to dangerous areas is one of them.In this paper, we propose a novel path planning algorithm - 3D Adaptive Scan. It only covers the area where the unlocalized wireless nodes are present. In this way, the localization time is reduced by half when compared to the state-of-the-art algorithms. Moreover, we use a novel evaluation metric, namely trajectory efficiency that takes into account localization time, error and ratio. The obtained results indicate that our 3D Adaptive Scan guarantees the efficiency of around 70% outperforming its competitors by at least 30%.
Complete Genome Sequence of Cellulomonas sp. Strain Y8, a High-GC-Content Plasmid-Free Heavy Metal-Resistant Bacterium Isolated from Farmland Soil

We report the complete genome sequence of cadmium-resistant Cellulomonas sp. strain Y8, isolated from farmland soil. The 4.5-Mbp genome contains 4,074 genes, with an approximate GC content of 75%. This work might help in understanding how strain Y8 survives under heavy metal stress. ABSTRACT We report the complete genome sequence of cadmium-resistant Cellulomonas sp. strain Y8, isolated from farmland soil. The 4.5-Mbp genome contains 4,074 genes, with an approximate GC content of 75%. This work might help in understanding how strain Y8 survives under heavy metal stress.
Magnetoencephalography resting‐state spectral fingerprints distinguish bipolar depression and unipolar depression

In clinical practice, bipolar depression (BD) and unipolar depression (UD) appear to have similar symptoms, causing BD being frequently misdiagnosed as UD, leading to improper treatment decision and outcome. Therefore, it is in urgent need of distinguishing BD from UD based on clinical objective biomarkers as early as possible. Here, we aimed to integrate brain neuroimaging data and an advanced machine learning technique to predict different types of mood disorder patients at the individual level.
Conserving RACH Energy Usage with Flexible Preamble Allocation for IoT Coexisting with H2H Services

Random access channel (RACH) is the first step that needs to be conducted by any devices which require data transmission in modern cellular networks. Since LTE and beyond also often used to serve IoT application due to its wide coverage and availability, conserving energy is important. This paper presents a flexible preamble allocation scheme which is applied in RACH procedure and evaluates its energy consumption. The flexible preamble allocation enables base station to fine-tune its preamble allocation, which mainly used to prioritize H2H services over IoT ones. Such access prioritization translates in more efficient signaling transmissions during RACH procedure by reducing collision. The result demonstrates that the scheme can effectively reduce energy usage compared with the standard RACH procedure with shared preamble pool.
Measurement and Validation of Ionospheric TEC Based on Chinese Area Positioning System

One of the satellites of CAPS(Chinese Area Positioning System) can retransmit the dual-frequency signal, so it is possible for ionospheric TEC measurement based on CAPS. A new method of ionospheric TEC measurement is introduced in this paper. The experiment system was established and an experiment was executed. The ionospheric TEC was deduced and the accuracy was validated in two methods. It is proved that the accuracy of TEC measurement is better than 1TECu. Moreover, we give the point image of the satellite both before range compensation and after range compensation based on the TEC measured in this paper. The point characteristics is obvious better after range compensation.
Advances and Promises of Nutritional Influences on Natural Bone Repair

Impaired fracture healing continues to be a significant public health issue. This is more frequently observed in aging populations and patients with co‐morbidities that can directly influence bone repair. Tremendous progress has been made in the development of biologics to enhance and accelerate the healing process; however, side‐effects persist that can cause significant discomfort and tissue damage. This has been the impetus for the development of safe and natural strategies to hasten natural bone healing. Of the many possible approaches, nutrition represents a safe, affordable, and non‐invasive strategy to positively influence each phase of fracture repair. However, our understanding of how healing can be hindered by malnutrition or enhanced with nutritional supplementation has lagged behind the advancements in both surgical management and the knowledge of molecular and cellular drivers of skeletal fracture repair. This review serves to bridge this knowledge gap as well as define the importance of nutrition during fracture healing. The extant literature clearly indicates that pre‐existing nutritional deficiencies should be corrected, and nutritional status should be carefully monitored to prevent the development of malnutrition for the best possible healing outcome. It remains unclear, however, whether the provision of nutrients beyond sufficiency has any benefit on fracture repair and patient outcomes. The combined body of pre‐clinical studies using a variety of animal models suggests a promising role of nutrition as an adjuvant therapy to facilitate fracture repair, but extensive research is needed, specifically at the clinical level, to clarify the utility of nutritional interventions in orthopedics. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:695‐707, 2020