Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antenna-Resource-Based SCMA in Downlink Multiuser Transmission Systems

Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is an appealing non-orthogonal multiple access technique, which transmits superimposed signals through various resources, such as frequency and time. It is known that multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been widely used in wireless communications to improve the system performances by taking full advantages of fading channels. Regarding appealing feature of MIMO, this paper focuses on the SCMA system that exploits antennas (or space) as parallel resources to transmit superimposed signals, and this type is named as antenna-resource-based SCMA (AR-SCMA) systems. Unlike the classical frequency-resource-based SCMA (FR-SCMA), the received signals consist of both the superimposed multiple users’ signals and interference from other antenna resources. To eliminate the antenna interference and separate users, we propose a joint zero-forcing (ZF-) and/or minimum mean square error (MMSE-) message passing algorithm (MPA). Simulation results show that our proposed AR-SCMA can improve the bit error rate (BER) performances, and achieve a higher channel capacity than the classical FR-SCMA system.
Resource Allocation and Throughput Maximization for IoT Real-time Applications

The foreseen enormous generation of mobile data would result in congestion of the spectrum available. To efficiently use the available spectrum new paradigm named fog computing is a promising solution. In this paper, we developed a fog-IoT network to provide an $\varepsilon$-optimal resource allocation to maximize the overall network throughput. A joint cloudlet selection and power allocation problem is formulated under association and Quality-of-Service (QoS) constraints. The formulated problem falls in class of mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem which is NP-hard generally. We solved our problem by applying a less complex linearization technique that uses the outer approximation algorithm (OAA). Resource allocation and power allocation are efficiently conducted as a result of this optimization, which is less complicated compared to exhaustive search.
Mosaic functionality in a transitional ecomorphology: skull biomechanics in stem Hyaeninae compared to modern South African carnivorans

Ecomorphologies are categories of ecological adaptation and function, although intermediates are not always available to shed light on functionality at the transitional stages between them. We examined an intermediate bone-cracking carnivoran ecomorphology, the stem hyaenine Ikelohyaena abronia, using finite element analysis. Skull models of Ikelohyaena, crown hyaenine Crocuta crocuta, and two other hypercarnivores were simulated with mastication and prey apprehension forces. The results obtained show that Ikelohyaena already possessed derived features in skull stress distribution and levels of strain energy, characteristic of the extant bone-cracking Crocuta; however, the estimated bite forces in Ikelohyaena were significantly lower. Prey apprehension simulations showed similar patterns; the low skull strain energy and low bite force of the Ikelohyaena mandible indicate a poor individual ability to take down large prey. The mosaic features of craniodental function in Ikelohyaena suggest that initial evolution of the hyaenid bone-cracking ecomorphology involved skull shape changes that increased stress dissipation, permitting incorporation of more hard food into the diet. Subsequent evolution of larger bite forces was then required to increase the size limit of bones that can be cracked and consumed. This mode of evolution would have allowed transitional hyaenid ecomorphologies to continuously increase the carcass processing ability both during competitive feeding and scavenging throughout their evolution. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 102, 540–559.
Research in Selling and Sales Management in the Next Millennium: An Agenda from the AMA Faculty Consortium

In July 1999 we had the honor of hosting and co-chairing the American Marketing Association Faculty Consortium on Professional Selling and Sales Management. The three-day event was held in Orlando at the Wyndham Palace Resort and Spa and attracted well over 100 attendees from academe and business. The format of the consortium featured presentations by academics and practitioners, panel discussions, and targeted work sessions. The first evening of the consortium was an extraordinary one, with noted sales strategist and author Neil Rackham delivering a keynote address titled, "Rethinking the Sales Force. " In his talk Rackham skillfully challenged many commonly held tenets of professional selling and sales management practice. This provocative keynote address provided the backdrop for discussions and working sessions throughout the remainder of the consortium.
Survey of Muscalure [(Z)-9-tricosene] on House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) from Field Populations in California

Abstract The sex pheromone component muscalure [(Z)-9-tricosene] on the cuticles of female house flies (Musca domestica L.) was quantified using gas chromatography. Laboratory and wild-strain house fly colonies were derived from poultry and dairy farms and a horse-riding stable. Muscalure levels from strain MB females were highest after 13 and 23 generations in culture, but 30–70% of females from early generations (F8–F12) had no detectable levels of muscalure. Flies <2 d old from the MB laboratory colony (F23) had less muscalure than did older flies, and levels tended to increase as flies aged from 3 to 8 d. Of 10 wild house fly populations sampled at 3 d of age (72–96 h old) between F1 and F7 in culture, 1 had no detectable muscalure, and 8 of 10 averaged ≤218 ng of muscalure per female, comprising ≤1.6% of total cuticular hydrocarbons. In 6 of 10 field populations, ≥67% of females had no detectable muscalure. In contrast, two field strains had average levels of 559 and 1,113 ng muscalure/female (comprising 3.2 and 5.0% of total hydrocarbons), which was comparable to long-established laboratory strains such as the UCR strain (751 ng muscalure/female, comprising 3.0% of total hydrocarbons). More than 70% of females from those two field strains had muscalure. Flies from the Cooper laboratory strain also lacked detectable muscalure. Muscalure amounts were highly variable; it was rare or lacking in many field populations and thus does not seem to be essential for house fly reproduction.
Potential Role of TNFα and Lipoprotein Lipase as Candidate Genes for Obesity

To maintain body weight, metabolic efficiency was promoted during evolution; two candidate genes for body weight regulation are lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). Human fat cells do not synthesize lipid, but rely on LPL-mediated plasma triglyceride hydrolysis. Adipose LPL is elevated in obesity. Following weight loss, LPL is elevated further, suggesting attempts to maintain lipid stores during fasting and to replenish lipid stores during refeeding. Muscle LPL is regulated inversely to adipose LPL. Thus, an increased adipose/muscle LPL ratio would partition dietary lipid into adipose tissue and would explain some of the variability in weight gain when humans are exposed to excess calories. Adipose tissue TNFα expression is increased in obese rodents and humans and may be important in obesity. When insulin-resistant rodents were injected with anti-TNF binding protein, insulin action improved, suggesting a link between insulin resistance and TNF. TNF is expressed at higher levels in muscle cells of insulin-resistant subjects, and TNF may inhibit LPL expression. Overall, TNF may function to make the subject less obese by inhibiting LPL and rendering the animal more insulin resistant. Obesity has many components, both metabolic and behavioral. However, the metabolic changes resulting from LPL and TNF likely played a role in regulating body adipose tissue during much of human evolution and continue to affect human obesity today.
Book Review

Representing the United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP), the two editors of this impressive and innovative volume deserve much credit. James Pollard states in the Foreword how this volume on “the engagement between psychotherapy and neuroscience” represents a major step forward for the advancement of psychotherapy and the assurance of the highest standards of professional training and practice (p. xi, emphasis added). Readers will find much to savor here; although there is some heady reading, it is clearly stated, extremely valuable, and clarifies the many useful details of mind/brain integration. It seems to this author that the “engagement” has become a “marriage” of sorts, within which there appears to be a healthy willingness from both sides toward vastly improving their relationship over time. I recommend this book for its not glossing over obvious differences in approach, while acknowledging the profound impact of cognitive neuroscience research and psychotherapy (and psychoanalytic) research on “each other. ” Chapter 1, written by Allan Schore, sets the stage for what will follow by explicating what is now obvious: our current appreciation of the decisive role of the caretaker(s) early in life in the formation and further development of the infant’s and child’s immature nervous system. As Gedo (1999) has pointed out so well, one key is Schore’s focus on the structuralization of the ventromesial frontal lobes (VMFL), a subject around which this book revolves as much as the earth around the sun. [This structuralization] (particularly in the right hemisphere), with its connections to the limbic system . [provides] circuits that are essential for the development of emotions, and, consequently, of motivations; through the hypothalamic connections, they regulate the autonomic nervous system and thus play a decisive role in psychobiology. This subsystem of the brain [including especially the VMFL], through neuroendocrine mechanisms, activates the centers for pleasure and pain (reward and punishment), and it forms the apex of the hierarchy of psychosomatic control. [Gedo, 1999, p. 96]
Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Invasive pest of ripening soft fruit expanding its geographic range and damage potential

Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, a native of eastern and southeastern Asia, is a pest of small and stone fruits. First detected in California in 2008, the insect is now found across the Pacific Coast states. Its penchant for attacking healthy, ripening fruit (as opposed to overripe and rotting fruit favored by other so-called “vinegar flies”) makes it a potential economic threat to a host of soft- and thin-skinned fruit crops including cherry, raspberry, blackberry, blueberry, strawberry, peach, plums, pluots, nectarines, juice grape, table grape, and wine grape. Coordinated research projects to determine host preference, seasonal phenology, biology, and management options are taking place among entomologists in Washington, Oregon, and California. A description of the pest and initial findings on its biology, life history, known and expected geographic range, management and monitoring techniques, and economic considerations are presented and discussed.
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CORIANDER SATIVUM L. ON CADMIUM INDUCED TOXICITY IN ALBINO RATS

Background: Cadmium is a environmental and occupational hazard that causes various degree of damage in target cells mainly in the liver and kidney. It is found in drinking water, atmospheric air, and even in food. Objective: The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of Coriandrum sativum L in cadmium chloride induced toxicity in albino rats. Methods: Wistar strains of albino rats were used and the experimental animals were divided into five groups each consisted six animals. In experimental design, group I is served as normal control , group II is served as disease control (intraperitoneally administered with cadmium (6mg/kg of bw) as CdCl2 for 15 days). Group III and IV is induced with CdCl2 and aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum L (100 and 200 mg/kg of bw) . Group V was treated with plant alone. Result: Oral administration of cadmiumas cadmium chloride showed a significant increase in the marker enzymes (Alanine transaminase, Aspartate transaminase, Alkaline Phosphatase, Acid phosphatase) and Cholesterol in serum and Lipid Peroxide in liver tissue. After the treatment with aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum L of 100,200mg/kg of bw produced a well pronounced protective effect in response to these parameters in cadmium intoxicated rats. The treatment with cadmium caused a concomitant reduction in the enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants like Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, Reduced Glutathione and serum protein respectively, while treatment with aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum L at the dose levels of 100 and 200mg/kg of bw resulted in the marked improvement in the antioxidants and protein compared to control rats. Conclusion: The above results concludes that the treatment with aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum L produced a significant protective effect against cadmium-induced toxicity in albino rats.
Local habitat restoration in streams: Constraints on the effectiveness of restoration for stream biota

Summary The restoration of physical habitat has emerged as a key activity for managers charged with reversing the damage done by humans to streams and rivers, and there has been a great expenditure of time, money and other resources on habitat restoration projects. Most restoration projects appear to assume that the creation of habitat is the key to restoring the biota (‘the field of dreams hypothesis’). However, in many streams where new habitat is clearly required if populations and communities are to be restored, there may be numerous other factors that cause the expected link between habitat and biotic restoration to break down. We discuss five issues that are likely to have a direct bearing on the success, or perceived success of local habitat restoration projects in streams: (i) barriers to colonization, (ii) temporal shifts in habitat use, (iii) introduced species, (iv) long-term and large-scale processes, and (v) inappropriate scales of restoration. The purpose of the study was primarily to alert ecologists and managers involved in stream habitat restoration to the potential impacts of these issues on restoration success. Furthermore, the study highlights the opportunities provided by habitat restoration for learning how the factors we discuss affect populations, communities and ecosystems.
Nutritional Profile, Antinutritional Profile and Phytochemical Screening of Garhwal Himalaya Medicinal Plant Dioscorea alata Tuber

The present study aimed at evaluating nutritional Profile, antinutritional profile and phytochemical screening of Garhwal Himalaya medicinal plant Dioscorea alata tuber. The plant has been found to rich in medicinal properties such as anticancer, antidibetic, antimicrobial activity. The plant tuber have been found to rich in nutrients and antinutrients such as crude protein 2.81(%), carbohydrates 6.80(%), crude fibre 4.01(%), crude fat 0.81(%) and antinutrients alkaloids 0.51(%), flavonoids 1.32(%), saponins 2.56(%) and tannins 0.66(%) respectively. This analysis revealed that the plants contained potent medicinal properties as compared to another medicinal plant.
Endotoxin binding on capillary endothelium and myocyte plasma membranes in perfused rat heart

This work uses a novel heart-perfusion technique to measure [3H]-lipopolysaccharide ([3H]-LPS) binding on capillary endothelium and myocyte cell membranes in Sprague-Dawley rats. Free or serum-containing Ringer-Lock buffer was infused at a rate of 1 ml/min and in the presence of 20 mM K+ and [ 3H]-LPS through an aortic cannula, and the effluent was collected through a catheter introduced into the right atrium cavity. The capillary endothelial lining was removed by CHAPS treatment to expose the cardiac myocyte surface. A physical model describing 1:1 binding stoichiometry of [3H]-LPS with its receptors is proposed and the mathematical equations derived allow for the calculation of binding constants (kn), reversal constants (k-n), dissociation constants (kd), and residency time constants (τ). The results showed that the presence of serum in the perfusate, slowed the binding of [3H]-LPS with the endothelial lining and myocytes, but increased the residency time by 3- and 50-fold, respectively. Hence, the endothelium and myofiber may contain LPS receptors that can bind more strongly with the ligand in association with sCD14-like and LBP-like molecules in rat serum. Thus it is postulated that the affinity of LPS to its receptor subtypes is not strictly and specifically dependent on the CD14 binding profile.
“I'm Not a Very Manly Man”

During the last fifteen to twenty years interest has been growing in the study of masculinities. This article presents a discussion of material from in-depth interviews with two men who took part in a larger study of masculinity and health-related behavior. These two young men spontaneously referred to themselves during in-depth interviews as not being a “manly man” or a “man's man. ” Consideration of what these men said provides interesting insights into the links between discourses of masculinity and subjective experiences of masculinity—particularly whether masculinity is perceived in binary or pluralistic terms. The experiences of these two young men give hope to young men who reject hegemonic masculinity but still desire to have a clear masculine identity.
ROLE OF NUTRIENTS AND NAPHTHALENE ACETIC ACID IN THE MANAGEMENT OF URDBEAN LEAF CRINKLE VIRUS

In a field experiment the efficacy of nutrients and a growth regulator against urdbean leaf crinkle virus (ULCV) was observed on four mungbean varieties i.e. NM-2006, AZRI-2006, M-6, M-97001, in randomized complete block design (RCBD). NPK (classic) was proved more effective against ULCV and reduced the disease severity up to 65%. Zn and B (fashion) was found second more effective treatment and reduced the disease severity up to 62.57%. Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) reduced the disease severity to 60.33% followed by the Urea that reduced the disease severity to 58.57%. In control maximum (48.93%) viral attack was observed.
Relationship between microcystin production and cell division rates in nitrogen‐limited Microcystis aeruginosa cultures

Analysis of changes over time in microcystin content of nitrogen‐limited Microcystis aeruginosa (Kützing) Lemmermann batch cultures (strain MASHOl‐A19) showed that net microcystin production was limited to the phase of growth when cell concentration was increasing. The net microcystin production rate decreased as the specific cell division rate (µc) decreased, but, more importantly, the specific toxin production rate (µMCYST) decreased at an identical rate to that of µc when the culture became nitrate‐limited. The actual size of the microcystin pool (total culture microcystin concentration) increased while cells were dividing, then remained constant or decreased only slightly during the stationary and death phases, even when the cultures were severely nitrate‐starved. These findings demonstrate conclusively that the processes of cell division and microcystin production are tightly coupled under nitrogen‐limited cell division. Our findings suggest that microcystin production is controlled by environmental effects on the rate of cell division, not through any direct effect on the metabolic pathways of toxin production. Reevaluation of data presented by others shows this to be the case for two other cyanobacterial species producing nine different microcystins over a wide range of environmental variables. We believe these relationships now provide a unifying view of environmental control of microcystin production in hepatotoxic cyanobacteria. We conclude that there is a direct linear correlation between cell division and microcystin production rates in all microcystin‐producing cyanobacteria regardless of the environmental factor that is limiting cell division. We also conclude that microcystin is not a secondary metabolite, as is currently thought, but that it displays many of the attributes of essential intracellular nitrogenous compounds in toxigenic cyanobacteria.
Application of egg yolk antibodies as replacement for antibiotics in poultry

The ban of sub-therapeutic antibiotic use in the European Union countries and elsewhere, and recent moves toward removal or reduced use of these compounds in other countries has put pressure on the poultry industry to look for viable alternatives. Available data suggest that specific egg yolk antibodies (EYA) have beneficial effects in prevention or treatment of bacterial and viral infections in humans and different animal species. The number of studies conducted in chickens, however, is quite low compared to other species and this may be a limiting factor in the current use of this technology in the poultry industry. The objectives of this review paper are to discuss how EYA are produced and work, to present examples of their applications in different pathological conditions in chickens, and to address challenges that this technology is currently facing.
Effects of condensed tannins in Lotus pedunculatus on its nutritive value for sheep. 1. Non-nitrogenous aspects

Summary Lotus pedunculatus was grown under high fertility conditions and its nutritive value was determined in a feeding trial with sheep at Palmerston North, New Zealand in 1989. The condensed tannins (CT) accounted for 5·5 % of lotus dry matter (DM) and its effect on digestion was evaluated by giving an intraruminal infusion of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to six of the sheep (PEG group). PEG preferentially binds with CT so that the lotus becomes essentially CT-free. The experiment was carried out with 14 sheep (six PEG and eight ‘Tannin’) held in metabolism crates indoors and given freshly cut lotus hourly, for 32 days. This paper presents data relating to carbohydrate and mineral digestion, together with aspects of rumen function. Digestibility of lotus DM was 68%, and the digestibility of fibre was not affected by CT. Infusion of PEG increased rumen concentrations of NH3 and volatile fatty acids (P < 0·001) but effects on molar ratios of VFA were inconsistent with time. CT reduced rumen degradation and absorption of sulphur and increased net absorption of both phosphorus and zinc, but other effects on mineral digestion were small. Although the lotus was offered at c. 90% of ad libitum, intakes of the tannin sheep began to decline after c. 15 days of feeding and were c. 12% lower than those of the PEG sheep at the end of the trial (P < 0·05). At slaughter, rumen pool sizes were similar for the two treatments but the Tannin sheep had a lower fractional outflow rate, which suggests a slower rate of digestion in the rumen. Growth rate and wool production were similar for sheep on both treatments. It is concluded that the CT in Lotus pedunculatus grown under high fertility conditions had little effect on fibre and mineral digestion but the depression in DM intake reduced its nutritive value for sheep.