Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic antibiotic administration during second and third trimester in pregnancy for preventing infectious morbidity and mortality

BACKGROUND Some previous studies suggested that prophylactic antibiotics given during pregnancy improved maternal and perinatal outcomes, some did not show any benefit and some even reported adverse effects. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of prophylactic antibiotics during second and third trimester of pregnancy on maternal and perinatal outcomes. SEARCH STRATEGY The Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register (April 2002), the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2002) and reference lists of articles were searched. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized controlled trials comparing prophylactic antibiotic treatment with placebo or no treatment for women in the second or third trimester of pregnancy before labour. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Trial quality assessment and data extraction were done by the reviewers. MAIN RESULTS There were six randomized controlled trials which recruited 2184 women to detect the effect of prophylactic antibiotic administration in the second or third trimester on pregnancy outcomes. Antibiotic prophylaxis in unselected pregnant women reduced the risk of prelabour rupture of membranes (Peto odds ratio (OR) 0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14 to 0.73). In women with a previous preterm birth there was a risk reduction in low birth weight (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.84) and postpartum endometritis (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.89). There was a risk reduction in preterm delivery (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.81) in pregnant women with a previous preterm birth associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) during the current pregnancy but there was no risk reduction in pregnant women with previous preterm birth without BV during pregnancy (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.64). However, vaginal antibiotic prophylaxis during pregnancy did not prevent infectious pregnancy outcomes and there is a possibility of adverse effects such as neonatal sepsis (OR 8.07, 95% CI 1.36 to 47.77). REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS Antibiotic prophylaxis given during the second or third trimester of pregnancy reduces the risk of prelabour rupture of the membranes when given routinely to pregnant women. Beneficial effects on birth weight and the risk of postpartum endometritis were seen for high risk women.
Anxiolytic and anti-depressant effects of Boswellia extract on CD1 Mus musculus

Abstract. Frankincense is obtained from the trees of the genus Boswellia and has been used historically for many reasons, including medicinal purposes. Previous research indicates that mice treated with a purified component from frankincense, incensole acetate (IA), had a decrease in anxious behavior during anxiety tests. Boswellia extract can be purchased from General Nutrition Centers (GNC). Since IA has been found to be have antidepressant properties in mice, this study investigated whether the Boswellia extract from GNC, e.g. unpurified IA, would also have anti-depressant/anti-anxiety affect. Sixty CD1 mice, 30 male and 30 female, were treated for approximately 25 days and were tested for the anti-depressant and anti-anxiety effects of Boswellia extract and sertraline (Zoloft®) compared to the control group. Each group of mice was analyzed by three behavioral tests: an open-field test, tail suspension test, and marble-burying test to determine the effects of these drugs. It was found that female mice treated with sertraline demonstrated significant reduction of anxiety behaviors as measured in the open field test, indicating reduced anxiety. Treatment with Boswellia, on the other hand, did not show a significant reduction in anxiety behaviors in either gender of mice. The tail suspension results showed that both Boswellia and sertraline significantly increased immobility time. These results suggest the Boswellia and sertraline reduce anxiety, but not depression in CD1 mice.
Utilization of rabies immunoglobulin in seven urban Pakistan emergency rooms

Background: Human rabies is a fatal infectious disease that is entirely preventable if correct and timely postexposure prophylaxis is given. Unfortunately, rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) administration, a life-saving biological, is often avoided by emergency room health care providers (HCPs) Objective: To understand the practices of HCPs for administration of RIG in severe dog-bite exposures, which are common causes of emergency room visits in Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 103 HCPs working in seven hospitals in three cities of Pakistan. Results: Of 103 HCPs who responded to the questionnaires, 97.1% had administered rabies vaccine and 31.1% had administered ERIG in the past three years of their practice; three quarters said they would prefer to use HRIG if available. Thirty-five percent said they would not inject wounds at all, 24.3% would only vaccinate a patient with severe dog bites, but not administer RIG. More than 55% were concerned about the cost of human and equine RIG. Conclusion: Although there is awareness about the use of RIG, this life saving biological is grossly underused because of poor availability in clinics and emergency rooms (ERs) even though stocked by local suppliers. Hospitals and animal bite centers must make RIG available for severe exposures. Keywords: Animal bites, rabies immunoglobulin, medical officers' practices, rabies prophylaxis
Generating weighted vector for concepts in indonesian translation of Quran

This paper presents a work in generating Weighted Vector for each Concept in Indonesian Translation of Quran (ITQ). This task is done in aiming to provide a resource needed in implementing a semantic-based question answering system (QAS) for Indonesian ITQ, particularly in retrieving semantically related verses. Semantic approach on QAS employs Ontology concepts of the domain. Since there is no Ontology for ITQ remains, we built one by utilizing the existing Ontology from Quranic Arabic corpus (http://corpus.quran.com/). Furthermore, each leaf concept that enriched by related Quran verse (as its instance) had a representation vector of terms that occur in the corresponding Quran verse to express how strength the concept in relates with verse terms. This vector is assigned with a weight resulted from applying TFIDF method. From 222 leaf concepts in the Ontology, we applied the process only to those that categorized as a member group of Person, Location, and Time named entity. They are 107 in a total. The result shows that the most strength concept in association with verse terms is syaitan which is scored at 0.895 of 1. In overall, 16.82 % concepts had score that more than 0.4, following by 14.95%, 23.36% and 11.21% concepts scored at more than 0.3 ,0.2 and less than 0.1 respectively, and finally the rest ones were the biggest in volume where 33.64% concepts obtained score more than 0.1 and less than 0.2.
Hyperuricemia and the Presence and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease

Background: Few studies have assessed the relation of hyperuricemia with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study investigated the association between high uric acid levels with the presence and severity of CAD. Methods: Three hundred and seventy patients having angiographic evidence of atherosclerosis (CAD + case group) compared to 170 patients with no luminal stenosis (n=110) or with <50% luminal stenosis (n=60) at coronary angiography (CAD − control group). Results: The mean age of the patients was 60 ± 10 years (317 men, 58.7%). Hyperuricemia was more likely associated with a trend toward higher vessel scores, indicating a more severe CAD (adjusted OR=1.51, 95% CI=1.09-2.09; P =0.005) in the whole population. A comparison of sex-specific values showed a significant association existed only in men. Conclusions: Asymptomatic hyperuricemia may be associated with the presence and severity of angiographically-defined CAD in patients with suspicious symptoms for CAD.
Virtual reality and its uses: a systematic literature review

Virtual reality (VR) has challenged the way we perceive the world and user experience is being explored to achieve an immersive and effective experience. However, the commercial effects and impact of this technology lacks sufficient research. It is hence uncertain which role virtual reality has in information systems nowadays. This systematic literature review (SLR) focuses on the commercial impact of virtual reality and which field of study this technology is most used. To answer this question, a reference manual was used from literature review protocol standards and carried out. Results show that VR systems have a wide specter of applications and a significant potential for revolutionizing our everyday life in the digital world.
Lack of Tumor Promoting Effects of Carrageenan on 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Male F344 Rats

The modifying effects of carrageenan administration on colonic carcinogenesis were investigated in male F344/DuCrj rats subcutaneously injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH) 4 times at weekly intervals. Starting one week after the final injection of DMH, the rats were given carrageenan at dietary levels of 0, 1.25, 2.50, or 5.0% until week 36. Animals given cholic acid at a dietary level of 0.2%, served as a reference group. All rats were killed at the end of week 36, and the colons were carefully examined for preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. No treatment related changes in clinical signs and body weights were found. Detailed histopathological examination did not demonstrate any enhancement by carrageenan of carcinogenesis with regard to the incidence of lesions in the colon. The results thus demonstrate that carrageenan does not possess any promoting activity at the highest dietary level of 5.0% for colorectal carcinogenesis under the present experimental conditions.
Bacteriemia primaria por Listeria monocytogenes en paciente con cirrosis hepática: Caso clínico

L. monocytogenes infections are infrequent. Sepsis in pregnantwomen and newborns and central nervous system infections in the elderly are the mostcommon clinical manifestations. We report a 61 years old woman with diabetes Mellitus and aChild B hepatic cirrhosis, admitted for persistent fever. Blood cultures were positive for Listeriamonocytogenes. Cerebrospinal fluid was normal and sterile. She was treated with ampicillinand amikacin with a good response. Control blood cultures were negative. She was discharged14 days after in good conditions (Rev Med Chile 2008; 136: 225-9). (
A Two-Model Solution Approach for the Monthly Coal Train Reservations Planning Problem

The monthly coal train reservations planning problem arises in the unit train business of North American railroads. It involves a variety of operational and tactical decisions such as train formation, routing, and scheduling. As a result of the extensive scope of coal transportation in the United States, models for this problem grow quickly to a size unmanageable by state-of-the-art optimization software. Therefore, we propose a two-model heuristic solution methodology that is time-efficient and produces good quality solutions. The first model is developed under simplifying assumptions and yields an upper bound on the number of reservations to be accepted during the month. It also assigns car consists to reservations based on aggregate supply and demand of resources. This model also provides a tentative schedule for trains, and sets precedence relations between reservations. These being given, a second procedure is used to construct a detailed monthly schedule through the solution of network flow models and through the solution of a job-shop scheduling problem. The resulting solution is then improved through a large-scale neighborhood search. We evaluate our approach computationally, both on randomly generated and practical instances. We show numerically that our approach outperforms current practice.
Case Series of Turkey Farms from the H5N2 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreak in the United States During 2015

SUMMARY Between December 2014 and June 2015, an outbreak of H5N2 HPAI caused the largest and most expensive agriculture emergency in U.S. Department of Agriculture–Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service history. The outbreak affected 21 states; 232 poultry farms (211 commercial and 21 backyard) were affected, and approximately 49.6 million birds were depopulated on poultry farms. The majority of affected farms were commercial turkey operations (n = 160). This report is a case series describing 104 H5N2 HPAI-affected turkey farms in Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin that had H5N2 HPAI virus detected between March 5 and June 1, 2015. The farm manager or farm personnel voluntarily completed an epidemiologic questionnaire administered by state and federal animal health officials. Equipment and vehicle sharing with other farms was common, particularly for feed trucks (77% of farms shared feed trucks with other farms), live haul loaders (90.4%), poult trailers (72.0%), and preloaders (80.7%). Many farms had water bodies in proximity to the farm, such as a pond (42.6%) or stream (21.8%). About one-third of farms (33.7%) reported seeing wild birds inside the turkey barns. Only 44.2% of farms reported that third-party biosecurity audits or assessments had been conducted. Because the newly introduced Asian H5N8 HPAI and two new HPAI viruses, H5N2 and H5N1, are now circulating in U.S. wild birds, primarily migratory waterfowl, a greater potential for reoccurrence exists with the spring and fall migratory seasons, representing higher risk periods for outbreaks of HPAI in commercial poultry farms in the future. Eliminating exposure to wild birds, especially waterfowl or environments contaminated by wild waterfowl, will reduce risk of reintroduction of H5N2 HPAI virus, and ensuring good on-farm biosecurity will help the poultry industry avoid introduction of influenza and lateral spread between farms.
Child Sexual Abuse Investigations in Israel

This article describes how allegations of child sexual abuse are investigated and adjudicated in Israel. Believing that children may well be harmed by repeated interrogation and demands to testify and be cross-examined, Israeli legislators enacted special provisions several decades ago to ensure that children were spared these traumas. Recent evaluations of the system they established suggest that the protections concerned may have led inadvertently to various practices, including the failure to prosecute, that have not served children well. Possible remedies and a research program related to these issues are described.
Glimepiride-Induced Hypoglycemia with Ciprofloxacin, Metronidazole, and Acute Kidney Injury

A 79-year-old white male presented to the emergency room with altered mental status and a blood glucose of 28 mg/dL. He was taking glimepiride 1 mg by mouth daily prior to admission and had recently been prescribed ciprofloxacin and metronidazole for diverticulitis. The patient was also found to have acute-on-chronic renal failure upon presentation. Escalated dextrose infusion with repeated doses of D50W and glucagon failed to sustain his blood glucose, which remained in the range of 30 to 50 mg/dL. Salvage treatment with intravenous octreotide was implemented successfully; only one dose of D50W was required after octreotide initiation and blood glucose normalized within several hours. In the presence of this patient's complex medication therapy, we explore the contributing causes of hypoglycemia. Fluoroquinolones are widely associated with dysglycemias, particularly in diabetic patients receiving hypoglycemic agents. Similarly, renal insufficiency has been implicated to precipitate hypoglycemia with sulfonylureas, with dosage adjustment being required almost class-wide. We also recognize a theoretical drug interaction mediated by metronidazole-induced CYP 2C9 inhibition of glimepiride metabolism. Sulfonylurea-induced hypoglycemia can be serious and refractory to traditional therapy and can be exacerbated by multiple factors, such as drug interactions or impaired renal function. In the era of complex medication therapy for patient populations with multiple disease states, we present a severe episode of glimepiride-induced hypoglycemia with multiple causative factors.
Survey Paper - Airline Yield Management An Overview of Seat Inventory Control

The seat inventory control component of airline yield management is examined, with an emphasis on the practical aspects of the problem. A survey of current airline practice indicates that seat inventory control is dependent on human judgment rather than systematic analysis. Past work on the development of mathematical methods in this area has focused on large-scale optimization models and simplified representations of the problem. There remains a need for practical solution approaches that incorporate quantitative decision tools.
Choosing the most appropriate environment to evaluate independence in everyday activities: Home or clinic?

Background and Aim: To better document independence in activities of daily living (ADL), particularly with persons with traumatic brain injury, the influence of the context in which performance-based assessments are administered must be considered. This paper examines the issue of context in ADL assessment according to specific criteria. Main Findings: Overall, the limited number of studies found to have investigated the influence of context (home, clinic) on performance-based ADL assessments in persons with cerebral damage does not provide clear evidence to support the superiority of either environment. Conclusion: The issue of context in ADL assessments has been minimally documented and can be explained by the complexity of data collection. Occupational therapists will need to address this issue.
Setting Realistic Think Times in Performance Testing: A Practitioner's Approach

Think time in performance testing is the time spent by users between their interactions with a software system such as viewing responses, navigating on the screen, entering data etc. The value of think time has a significant effect on the results of the performance test in terms of the system load which is generated during the test. However, the use of realistic think time values has not been explored in detail either by researchers or performance testing practitioners in IT industry. Practitioners either use subjective think time values or values generated using uniform distribution. Our work provides an algorithm for extracting think time values by processing web server logs. The steps for using the extracted think time values are described for load testing tools such as Rational Performance Tester, JMeter and LoadRunner. The algorithm is used to extract think times from web server logs of a software system servicing a large number of users. The real-world think times are compared with the think times being used in the performance testing of the application. This work will help practitioners in the IT industry to generate more accurate and reliable performance testing results by moving away from the use of experience or intuition based think times to incorporating representative user delays in their tests. The proposed approach requires minimal effort and can be seamlessly made part of the performance testing process.
Engineering Smart Physical-Cyber-Social Systems: Extended Abstract

It is estimated that the number of Internet connected physical devices will grow to 50 billion by 2020. Moreover, the growing adoption of social media (e.g. Twitter, Facebook) on the Web has become a key source of information about the physical world and corresponding events. Data generated from all these information sources (e.g. IoT devices, social media) will be tremendous in both volume and variety. The Physical-Cyber-Social (PCS) [2] systems can be thought of connecting and combining these elements. A key advantage of combining these elements is that it allows access and analysis of an enormous amount of data generated from these information sources, which can help us to understand the events and changes in the environment in a much better way. In this context, this tutorial aims to explore all aspects of developing software-powered PCS systems. More specifically, we will discuss the challenges in designing and implementing software artifacts that operate between the Physical and Cyber world, the state of art in building such a specific breed of software, its architectures and design patterns to build PCS systems. To complement the discussions, we will cover topics such as our real-world experiences in prototyping IoT products/solutions in industries, big-data tools/techniques, and conceptual models to design efficient PCS systems.
Genetic and Pathogenic Characterization of H6N1 Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated in Taiwan Between 1972 and 2005

Abstract This article reports the genetic and pathogenic characteristics of 34 isolates of H6N1 avian influenza viruses isolated in Taiwan between 1972 and 2005. Genetic analyses showed that a unique lineage of H6N1 viruses has been established in domestic chickens in Taiwan since 1997, and this lineage of viruses differs from the H6N1 viruses circulating in Hong Kong and Southeastern China. Pathogenicity tests showed that all Taiwanese H6N1 viruses were of low pathogenicity but might lead to economic loss when associated with other diseases. Hemagglutination inhibition tests showed that antigenic drift has occurred in Taiwanese H6N1 viruses, and sequence comparison has identified a total of five possible antigenic sites on the hemagglutinin molecule of the H6N1 viruses. Some Taiwanese H6N1 viruses could replicate in mice without preadaptation, indicating that these viruses have the potential to cause cross-species infection into mammals.
Back Pain and Spinal Deformity-Common Among Wheelchair Users with Spinal Cord Injuries

During the past 15 years, wheelchair development has focused on driving properties. Back pain, however, is a problem among wheelchair users. Thirty-one wheelchair users, mean age 46 years (range 21–79), (3 women and 28 men), with spinal cord injuries were studied with regard to back pain and spinal deformity. Sixteen subjects had tetraplegia and 15 had paraplegia; median time since injury was 11 years (range 2–37). Pain was assessed using pain drawings, visual analogue scale and questionnaire. Spinal deformity was examined using X-ray, weight distribution, 3D magnetic motion tracker, photographs and physical examination. Some degree of back pain was found in 84% of the patients. Most patients could modify their pain by changing their sitting posture or by rest in bed, and had some kind of spinal deformity that might be related to neurological injury and sitting posture. Further wheelchair research considering the ergonomics of both driving and sitting seems important.