Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Development of Learning Model of Map Concept with Inquiry Strategy

Higher order thinking skills (HOTs) are needed by the students of chemistry education, because they will become teachers who will be teach HOTs for students. This research is research and development. this study has the aim to examine the feasibility of developing concept map learning models with inquiry strategies. The specific purpose of this research is to find out: (1) validity; (2) practicality; and (3) the effectiveness of the model. the research design used is the design of the plomp with steps: preliminary research, development, and assessment of model. the subject of this study is a concept map learning model with inquiry strategy. the research method used is FGD, observation, learning outcomes test, and student response. The instruments used include validation sheets, observation sheets, test , and questionnaire. analysis of research data using descriptive and inferential analysis using spss version 16. The results of the study are: (1) the concept map learning model with inquiry strategy has an assessment with a very valid category with a score of> 3,0; (2) practicality shown by the implementation of the learning plan> 90%, student activity > 90%, and student participation response> 90%; and (3) effectiveness, which is indicated by an increase in gain scores with median categories (0.3 < () <0.7, and high order thinking skills with good categories (51 – 75), as well as the ability to maintain knowledge (retention) within 4-5 months after posttest. The conclusion that the learning model of concept map with inquiry strategy is feasible.s electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. Keywords—Development of teaching, higher order thinking skills, Concept map, Inquiry Strategy
Equilibrium Melting Temperature of Poly(ferrocenyl dimethylsilane) in Homopolymers and Lamellar Diblock Copolymers with Polystyrene

The equilibrium melting temperature, T-m,T-o, of poly(ferrocenyl dimethylsilane) (PFDMS) is re-investigated using two PFDMS homopolymers and a PS-b-PFDMS copolymer (PS: polystyrene). The melting temperatures of samples crystallized at different crystallization temperatures, T-c, were found to depend in a nonlinear fashion on T-c. Consequently, the Hoffmann Weeks approach fails in determining T-m,T-o. The more reliable Gibbs Thomson approach results in a T-m,T-o = (215 +/- 11) degrees C for the PFDMS homopolymers, and a T-m,T-o = (179 +/- 5) degrees C for the PFDMS microphases in the lamellar PS-b-PFDMS diblock copolymer.
Tourism and climate in Lisbon. An assessment based on weather types

Although climate is perceived as an essential part of tourism, influencingtouristic regional and seasonal distribution patterns, ideal climate conditions for tourism areoften assumed, rather than demonstrated. After reviewing the distinct tools that have beenapplied in order to evaluate climate potential for tourism, as well as tourists’ preferences,Besancenots’ weather-types method was chosen. This model was adapted and applied toLisbon, evaluating the suitability of the summer season for tourism activities. The resultingweather type pattern was then crossed with the seasonal tourist demands (visitation statistics),allowing to conclude that even when the weather is categorized as extremely hot(type 7) or unfavourable for tourism (type 8) it does not reflect in the room occupation ratesof the city of Lisbon, reinforcing recent advances in tourism climatology, that defy expertbased thresholds of thermal preferences and comfort. A reformulation of the weather typemodel with our findings can be a useful tool for future assessments of tourist potential underprojected climate changes.
Fabrication and Characterization of Copper Nanowires: An Overview

Copper (Cu) is one of the most important metals in modern electronic technology. Keeping in view its role in nanoelectronics, we have fabricated copper nanowires of diameters 100 and 200 nm using Anodic Alumina and polymer membranes as templates. Template-based growth of copper nanowires has been realized using conventional electro deposition technique in an electrochemical cell designed in our laboratory. Fabrication of copper nanowires is one of the most important thrust areas of nanotechnology because of their potential use in the micro/nanoelectronics industry and, in particular, for interconnection in electronic circuits. Many methods have been developed for the fabrication of copper nanowires but template synthesis is considered to be the most suitable and useful for growth of nanowires. Electrochemical deposition route is easy, low-cost as well as less cumbersome compared to other fabrication techniques, namely, pulsed laser deposition (PLD), vapour-liquid-solid (VLS) method and chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is used to calculate the aspect ratio of nanowires. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) images and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX) reveal morphology and chemical composition of fabricated nanowires. The morphology of nanowires shows some interesting features. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum reveals crystalline nature of Cu nanowires with crystallite size of 1.12 nm. During our experiments, we observed that when we failed to fabricate nanowires in polymer templates, what we got was some exotic patterns of metallic copper in the shape of copper buds and flowers on the cathode surface. There is as yet no specific theory to explain exotic patterns developed during electrodeposition of copper in anodic alumina or polymer templates. It is speculated that overdeposition of copper results in formation of exotic patterns. Keywords: Electrodeposition, Anodic alumina membrane, Cu nanowires, nanoflowers and nanobuds, Polycrystalline Cu crystals, XRD.
PERFORMANCE OF NON-COOPERATIVE ROUTING OVER PARALLEL NON-OBSERVABLE QUEUES

Autonomic computing is emerging as a significant new approach to the design of computer services. Its goal is the development of services that are able to manage themselves with minimal direct human intervention, and, in particular, are able to sense their environment and to tune themselves to meet end-user needs. However, the impact on performance of the interaction between multiple uncoordinated self-optimizing services is not yet well understood. We present some recent results on a non-cooperative load-balancing game which help to better understand the result of this interaction. In this game, users generate jobs of different services, and the jobs have to be processed on one of the servers of a computing platform. Each service has its own dispatcher which probabilistically routes jobs to servers so as to minimize the mean processing cost of its own jobs. We first investigate the impact of heterogeneity in the amount of incoming traffic routed by dispatchers and present a result stating that, for a fixed amount of total incoming traffic, the worst-case overall performance occurs when each dispatcher routes the same amount of traffic. Using this result we then study the so-called Price of Anarchy (PoA), an oft-used worst-case measure of the inefficiency of non-cooperative decentralized architectures. We give explicit bounds on the PoA for cost functions representing the mean delay of jobs when the service discipline is PS or SRPT. These bounds indicate that significant performance degradations can result from the selfish behavior of self-optimizing services. In practice, though, the worst-case scenario may occur rarely, if at all. Some recent results suggest that for the game under consideration the PoA is an overly pessimistic measure that does not reflect the performance obtained in most instances of the problem.
Modeling transient groundwater flow by coupling ensemble Kalman filtering and upscaling

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is coupled with upscaling to build an aquifer model at a coarser scale than the scale at which the conditioning data (conductivity and piezometric head) had been taken for the purpose of inverse modeling. Building an aquifer model at the support scale of observations is most often impractical since this would imply numerical models with many millions of cells. If, in addition, an uncertainty analysis is required involving some kind of Monte Carlo approach, the task becomes impossible. For this reason, a methodology has been developed that will use the conductivity data at the scale at which they were collected to build a model at a (much) coarser scale suitable for the inverse modeling of groundwater flow and mass transport. It proceeds as follows: (1) Generate an ensemble of realizations of conductivities conditioned to the conductivity data at the same scale at which conductivities were collected. (2) Upscale each realization onto a coarse discretization; on these coarse realizations, conductivities will become tensorial in nature with arbitrary orientations of their principal components. (3) Apply the EnKF to the ensemble of coarse conductivity upscaled realizations in order to condition the realizations to the measured piezometric head data. The proposed approach addresses the problem of how to deal with tensorial parameters, at a coarse scale, in ensemble Kalman filtering while maintaining the conditioning to the fine‐scale hydraulic conductivity measurements. We demonstrate our approach in the framework of a synthetic worth‐of‐data exercise, in which the relevance of conditioning to conductivities, piezometric heads, or both is analyzed.
Model of Enterprise Financial Performance Measurement in Uncertain Market Environment of Central Europe

Currently, enterprises in continuing difficult conditions of the global economic and financial crisis, are trying to continually improve their competence on the market, maintain and achieve profits and maximize the enterprise market value. Therefore, they are looking for different ways to achieve these results by reduction, or elimination of business risk and then to measure its success. The world is at the time, when the information becomes an important tool in achieving these business objectives. In this paper, we present a newly-outlined model of measuring the financial performance of the enterprise. We construct complex synthetic indicator, which reflects the effect of comparative financial indicators of efficiency and difficulty. Calculated optimal intervals are verified on the financial results of selected enterprises and some are compared with the Altman Z-score. The paper aims to elucidate a creation and verification of the HGN model as model of enterprise financial performance measurement in uncertain market environment of Central Europe. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016. v7n3p97
The Role of Science in Risk Regulation under the SPS Agreement

This paper attempts to present a comprehensive and coherent picture of the roleperformed by science under the SPS Agreement and SPS case law. It argues that the approach adopted by the Appellate Body is predominantly based on a technical paradigm, supplemented, however, with some considerations arising from other paradigms. The paper argues that the approach adopted in the case law is generally compatible with the text of the SPS Agreement and provides a coherent SPS system. However, it also identifies certain areas which lack coherence, as certain standards seem to violate the right of the member states to establish an appropriate level of protection. These are: ascertainability of the risk as a precondition for valid risk assessment; strict specifity of the risk assessment in low-risk situations; the proportionality between the risk identified and the SPS measure; the notion of negligible risks; and the concept of likelihood in the quarantine risk assessments. The paper claims that these standards cannot be generally applied in SPS disputes as, in certain situations, they will result in the violation of the right of member states to establish an appropriate level of SPS protection. Finally, a number of specific issues are highlighted which require further clarification in case law, such as the issue of the quality of minority scientific opinions and the relationship between the insufficiency of scientific evidence and scientific uncertainty. The paper suggests that the ultimate role ascribed to science under the SPS Agreement can be assessed only after an interpretation of those issues is provided by future case law.
NONPHARMACOLOGIC AND OTC THERAPIES FOR CHRONIC CONSTIPATION

Nonpharmacologic and over-the-counter (OTC) therapies for chronic constipation include lifestyle measures, such as increased intake of fluid and fiber, OTC fiber supplements and laxatives, biofeedback, and surgery. Although lifestyle measures and OTC agents are frequently recommended in clinical practice, a closer look at the data reveals that most studies show either no effect, beneficial effects that are often cancelled out by exacerbation of constipationrelated symptoms, or findings that neither support nor refute the use of these modalities. Studies examining biofeedback, which is most commonly used in patients with dyssynergic defecation, generally demonstrate benefit. This article reviews the data for each of the 4 modalities and, to illustrate their application in clinical practice, also includes a ”running” case study of an actual patient who was treated with 3 of these 4 approaches to therapy. (Adv Stud Med. 2006;6(2A):S84-S93)
Nucleic Acids — The Use of Nucleic Acid Testing in Molecular Diagnostics

In 1989 Roche entered into an agreement with Cetus to develop diagnostic applications for the novel technique polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A new area of molecular diag‐ nostics began and genes and pathogen genomes have been used to diagnose disease since that point. Automated laboratory platforms were created to facilitate the workflow and allow for accurate and precise processing of patient blood samples in a highly stream‐ lined manner. In this chapter the use of nucleic acids in molecular diagnostics will be de‐ scribed and their application to important human diseases. Examples are discussed with respect to which nucleic acid marker has provided strong clinical utility and impact to healthcare.
Magnetic properties, microstructure, composition, and morphology of greigite nanocrystals in magnetotactic bacteria from electron holography and tomography

Abstract Magnetotactic bacteria comprise several aquatic species that orient and migrate along geomagnetic field lines. This behavior is based on the presence of intracellular ferrimagnetic grains of the minerals magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4). Whereas the structural and magnetic properties of magnetite magnetosomes have been studied extensively, the properties of greigite magnetosomes are less well known. Here we present a study of the magnetic microstructures, chemical compositions, and threedimensional morphologies and positions of Fe-sulfide crystals in air-dried cells of magnetotactic bacteria. Data were obtained using several transmission electron microscopy techniques that include electron holography, energy-filtered imaging, electron tomography, selected-area electron diffraction, and high-resolution imaging. The studied rod-shaped cells typically contain multiple chains of greigite magnetosomes that have random shapes and orientations. Many of the greigite crystals appear to be only weakly magnetic, because the direction of their magnetic induction is almost parallel to the electron beam. Nevertheless, the magnetosomes collectively comprise a permanent magnetic dipole moment that is sufficient for magnetotaxis. One of the cells, which is imaged at the point of dividing, contains multiple chains of both equidimensional Fe-sulfide and elongated Fe-oxide crystals. The equidimensional and elongated crystals have magnetic properties that are consistent with those of greigite and magnetite, respectively. These results can be useful for obtaining a better understanding of the function of magnetotaxis in sulfide-producing cells, and they have implications for the interpretation of the paleomagnetic signals of greigite-bearing sedimentary rocks.
Ricardian Equivalence: Further Evidence

The Ricardian Hypothesis states that for a given level of government expenditure, aggregate demand is neutral to changes in the debt-to-tax ratio. Many economists argue that the private and government sectors have different planning horizons which will lead to deviations from Richardian equivalence. In this paper, by using a model tat nests both Ricardian equivalence and a alternative hypothesis, we empirically investigate whether the private sector as a shorter planning horizon than the government sector. The evidence presented in this study suggests that there is no difference between the planning horizons of the private and government sectors. [E62]
Planning as Satisfiability for Cyber-Physical Systems

Planning as Satisfiability is one of the most well-known and effective techniques for classical planning. The basic idea is to encode the existence of a plan with n steps as a propositional satisfiability formula obtained by unfolding, n + 1 times, the symbolic transition relation of the automaton described by the planning problem. Planning for CyberPhysical Systems, however, requires languages that are more expressive than propositional logic to model, e.g., energy consumption, time durations. We study how first-order (arithmetic) theories can be used to this end, and propose to leverage recent advances in Satisfiability Modulo Theories solving to compute optimal plans for complex systems that require both propositional and numeric reasoning.
Prostaglandins and angiogenesis in experimental cancer

Background and aim. Genes, proteins and pathways have been identified and suggested as potential targets in tumor angiogenesis, but current anti-angiogenic therapies have provided only modest benefits in survival of cancer patients. Therefore, further understanding of underlying mechanisms of tumor induced angiogenesis is mandatory in order to develop effective anti-angiogenic treatments in cancer disease. We have therefore focused on the role prostanoids may have to support tumor vasculature in progressive tumor growth of tumors. Methods. Two fundamentally different tumor models were used. MCG-101 tumors induced increased systemic levels of PGE2 and showed high sensitivity to COX inhibition, while K1735-M2 tumors did not produce PGE2 and were thus insensitive to COX inhibition regarding tumor growth in syngenic wild type mice. EP1- and EP3-receptor knockout tumor-bearing mice were also used. COX-inhibition was provided by indomethacin in the drinking water to block prostanoid synthesis in tumor and host tissues. Intravital microscopy was performed using a dorsal skin fold chamber technique for studies of early tumor growth and associated angiogenesis. Immunohistochemical and microarray analyses were applied. Results. Indomethacin reduced tumor growth and tumor related vascular area in wild type mice bearing MCG-101 tumors, but did not affect these parameters in K1735-M2 tumors. There was an unchanged relationship between the load of malignant cells and supportive vascular area among different tumor growth conditions. Unselective COX inhibition reduced tumor growth in EP3, but not in EP1 knockouts without significant alteration in tumor vascular density in EP3 knockouts. Indomethacin treatment influenced expression of a large number of genes (5% of >40 000 probes) responsible for important steps in carcinogenesis, inflammation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell cycle activity and proliferation, cell adhesion, carbohydrate & fatty acid metabolism and proteolysis in tumors on wild type mice. Affected genes were widely and uniformly distributed on chromosomes over the entire genome. Variation of COX-2 staining in MCG-101 tumors was significantly reduced following indomethacin treatment. Effects of altered prostanoid metabolism were significantly related to EGF-R expression in tumor tissue and transcripts of KRas, PI3K, JAK1, STAT3 and c-jun were down-regulated by indomethacin, while STAT1 and ELK1 did not show any such decline. Conclusion. Indomethacin treatment reduced tumor cell proliferation and increased tumor cell apoptosis in MCG-101 tumors with associated adaptive alterations in tumor vasculature. These effects were best predicted by alterations in EGF-R expression in tumor tissue with main downstream effects through KRas signaling.
THE DYNAMICS OF FOX ( VULPES VULPES L . ) POPULATIONS IN SELECTED HUNTING REGIONS OF THE CENTRAL-EASTERN POLAND IN RELATION TO EFFECTIVENESS OF RABIES VACCINATION

The objective of the study was to analyse changes in the red fox population abundance and hunting bag statistics from the Polish Hunting Association’s (PHA) hunting regions in central-eastern Poland, and to examine data from monitoring and routine red fox studies on the effectiveness of rabies vaccination. Studies on changes in the number and level of fox population exploitation were conducted in 8 hunting regions of central-eastern Poland over 9 hunting seasons; that is from 1998–1999 to 2006–2007. The number and density of fox population as well as the numbers of foxes harvested in each region were estimated in the study. An intensive control of fox numbers in the study period (5-fold increase in the red fox harvest) was associated with an almost 3-fold increase in red fox numbers. Our study demonstrated that the program of reducing fox numbers in the examined regions of central-eastern Poland has not produced the anticipated results so far. A seasonal application of rabies vaccination can be one of possible reasons for the phenomenon observed. Prior to immunization there was observed an increase in fox numbers in the examined regions. It was not so great, however, as after the hunting season 2001–2002. Foxes developed resistance to rabies as no case of sick foxes was found in the Mazovia Province in 2007–2009. The program of fox vaccination against rabies is necessary because it effectively reduces the occurrence of the disease in domestic animals and other species living in the wild. At present it is assumed that an application of oral vaccines should be continued till rabies in terrestrial animals is eradicated from the environment.
Weak Bounded Semantics and Bounded Verification of LTL Formulas ?

Bounded model checking based on SAT has been introduced as a complementary method to binary decision diagram based symbolic model checking in 1999 [2, 3]. Since then, there has been a lot of research on the improvement, extension and application along this direction. For general LTL formulas, bounded model checking has traditionally aimed at error detection, taking the advantage that error detection may only need to explore a small portion of the whole state space. The problem of verification is that it looks difficult to reason about all involved paths of a model, since the number of such paths is necessarily big. An approach to verification of LTL formulas based on bounded model checking principles has been reported in [15]. This paper presents a weak bounded semantics as a theoretical basis for the verification approach and as a theoretical consideration, we define a canonical representation for LTL formulas, and proves for a subset of LTL that the verification approach is complete.