Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of genomic structures and expression profiles of three tandem repeats of a mouse double homeobox gene: Duxbl

We identified and cloned a mouse double homeobox gene (Duxbl), which encodes two homeodomains. Duxbl gene, a tandem triplicate produces two major transcripts, Duxbl and Duxbl‐s. The amino acid sequences of Duxbl homeodomains are most similar to those of human DUX4 protein, associated with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. In adult tissues, Duxbl is predominantly expressed in female reproductive organs and eyes, and slightly expressed in brain and testes. During gonad development, Duxbl is expressed from embryonic to adult stages and specifically expressed in oocytes and spermatogonia. During embryonic development, Duxbl is transcribed in limbs and tail. However, Duxbl proteins were only detected in trunk and limb muscles and in elongated myocytes and myotubes. In C2C12 muscle cell line, Duxbl expression pattern is similar to differentiated marker gene, Myogenin, increased in expression from 2 days onward in differentiating medium. We suggest that Duxbl proteins play regulatory roles during myogenesis and reproductive developments. Developmental Dynamics 239:927–940, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
"Which camera trap type and how many do I need?" A review of camera features and study designs for a range of wildlife research applications

Automatically triggered cameras taking photographs or videos of passing animals (camera traps) have emerged over the last decade as one of the most powerful tool for wildlife research. In parallel, a wealth of camera trap systems and models has become commercially available, a phenomenon mainly driven by the increased use of camera traps by sport hunters. This has raised the need for developing criteria to choose the suitable camera trap model in relation to a range of factors, primarily the study aim, but also target species, habitat, trapping site, climate and any other aspect that affects camera performance. There is also fragmented information on the fundamentals of sampling designs that deploy camera trapping, such as number of sampling sites, spatial arrangement and sampling duration. In this review, we describe the relevant technological features of camera traps and propose a set of the key ones to be evaluated when choosing camera models. These features are camera specifications such as trigger speed, sensor sensitivity, detection zone, flash type and flash intensity, power autonomy, and related specifications. We then outline sampling design and camera features for the implementation of major camera trapping applications, specifically: (1) faunal inventories, (2) occupancy studies, (3) density estimation through Capture-Mark-Recapture and (4) density estimation through the Random Encounter Model. We also review a range of currently available models and stress the need for standardized testing of camera models that should be frequently updated and widely distributed. Finally we summarize the "ultimate camera trap", as desired by wildlife biologists, and the current technological limitations of camera traps in relation to their potential for a number of emerging applications. Download the complete issue.
Development of Polycythemia Vera after Chemotherapy-Induced Remission of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report

normal. WBC was 5.5 ! 10 9 /l, Hb was 19.4 g/dl, and PLT was 188 ! 10 9 /l. Bone marrow biopsy showed increased cellularity with myeloid, erythroid and megakaryocytic proliferation and was suggestive of an MPD. Cytogenetic evaluation was not available due to an inadequate marrow sample. Allele-specific PCR for JAK2V617F mutational status was performed on genomic DNA from bone marrow cells and turned out to be mutated, so that we could establish a diagnosis of polycythemia vera according to WHO criteria [2] . He had been treated with phlebotomy and antiaggregation with aspirin. PLT count progressively increased until 459 ! 10 9 /l in February 2010, and then remained stable around that value. It might be interesting to investigate the JAK2V617F mutation in leukemic blasts at diagnosis and in bone marrow cells at remission after chemotherapy; unfortunately, it was not possible to perform PCR on previous bone marrow samples for mutational assessment. As far as we know, only a few cases have been reported in the literature illustrating patients with polycythemia vera that developed after autologous marrow transplantation for AML [3, 4] . Particularly, in one of these cases, assessment of the JAK2V617F mutation was performed in previously archived bone marrow samples, and leukeChronic myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) are thought to derive from the transformation of a multipotent hematopoietic stem cell. Interest in MPD has been rising since the discovery of the JAK2V617F mutation, but its exact role in the complex pathogenesis of these diseases is still under investigation [1] . In particular, studies regarding MPD as second neoplasms following previous hematological malignancies are impeded by the rarity of these clinical observations. We report the case of a 71-year-old man affected by ulcerative colitis, with normal blood counts before September 2002, when he was diagnosed as having acute myeloid leukemia (AML), M4 subtype according to the French-American-British classification. Complete remission was obtained after induction chemotherapy with cytarabine, idarubicin, and etoposide, followed by two consolidation cycles with idarubicin and cytarabine and, subsequently, two high-dose cytarabine cycles (the latest in January 2003). Maintenance treatment with 6-mercaptopurine was performed until September 2004. Concomitant medications, methotrexate and steroids, were also given for his ulcerative colitis exacerbations. Clinical and hematological follow-up, and bone marrow aspirates were unremarkable until September 2009, when he displayed pruritus and plethora; spleen size was Received: January 12, 2011 Accepted after revision: January 20, 2011 Published online: March 31, 2011
Right colon cancer: Long‐term results after curative surgery and prognostic significance of duration of symptoms

Between 1976 and 1986, a consecutive series of 195 patients with right colon cancer were admitted at the First Department of Surgery of the University of Rome. Patients were divided into five groups according to the absence of intestinal symptoms (group 1) and the duration of the symptomatic phase (groups 2‐5). Analysis of the preoperative investigation showed that colonoscopy was able to identify 33 (26.2%) of tumors misdiagnosed by double contrast X‐ray barium enema. We did not notice any correlation among symptom duration and tumor stage, tumor differentiation, operability rate, and survival. Patients admitted in the asymptomatic phase presented tumors of less advanced stage and, thus, had the best survival rate (71.4%). In this group, patients promptly treated had a better survival rate (87.5%) than those treated after 2 months (50%).
Predictive Modeling of Microemulsion Phase Behaviour and Microstructure Characterisation in the 1-Phase Region

Microemulsions are dispersions of water and oil stabilized by one or mixtures of surfactants. The key differentiators from other dispersions are: (i) domain size of the dispersed phase is of the order of 5-100 nm in size (Schulmann et al., 1959); (ii) thermodynamically stable (Zana, 1994), and (iii) optically isotropic (Danielsson and Lindman, 1981). Commonly observed structures are: oil in water (o/w), water in oil (w/o) and bicontinuous (Scriven, 1976). Microemulsion formation has proven to be an effective approach in enhancing oil solubilisation and reducing oil-water interfacial tension (IFT) in many industrial applications. Examples include enhanced-sub surface remediation (Harwell et al., 1992; Brusseau, 1999) , drug delivery (Djordjevic et al., 2004; Kogan & Garti, 2006; Ghosh et al. , 2006), detergency (Rosen, 2004; Srivastava et al., 2006; Solans & Kuneida, 1996; Tongcumpou et al., 2006) and nano particle synthesis (Sjoblom et al., 1996). Forming an efficient microemulsion system requires an equal balance between surfactant-oil and surfactantwater interactions, which has proven to be a very challenging task for certain types of oils (e.g., vegetable oils and triglycerides) (Miller, 1991; Minana-Perez, 1996). In addition, different applications require specific degrees of solubilisation and IFT reduction. It is no surprise, then, that formulating microemulsions for specific industrial use has been referred as both an art and science (Salager, 2006). This is because microemulsion design requires not only a great understanding of molecular interactions, but also a deep understanding of thermodynamic principles (Bourel & Schechter, 1998).
Molecular Electron Density Theory: A Modern View of Reactivity in Organic Chemistry

A new theory for the study of the reactivity in Organic Chemistry, named Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT), is proposed herein. MEDT is based on the idea that while the electron density distribution at the ground state is responsible for physical and chemical molecular properties, as proposed by the Density Functional Theory (DFT), the capability for changes in electron density is responsible for molecular reactivity. Within MEDT, the reactivity in Organic Chemistry is studied through a rigorous quantum chemical analysis of the changes of the electron density as well as the energies associated with these changes along the reaction path in order to understand experimental outcomes. Studies performed using MEDT allow establishing a modern rationalisation and to gain insight into molecular mechanisms and reactivity in Organic Chemistry.
Saving lives or raising revenue: Analysing media coverage of the alcopops tax in light of the evidence on its effects

The Australian Government increased the tax on ready-to-drink (RTD) alcohol beverages in 2008, in order to address concerns about increasing alcohol consumption among young people. This decision resulted in significant debate and discussion in the media, and in academic circles. The aim of the current study was to examine media coverage of the debate – and particularly the arguments posed in favour of and against the tax – now that we have objective evidence of its impact. We find that business owners and industry groups were vocal in the media, raising a number of arguments in opposition to the tax; and that this opposition dominated media coverage, potentially misleading consumers as to the rationale for, and effectiveness of, the „alcopop tax‟.
A Cyber-Physical Systems Oriented Transaction Platform

The mobile and wireless networks used extensively by Internet of Things devices, are becoming more popular for data transfer between Cyber-Physical Systems. These are accessed through mobile applications installed on mobile devices, with various operating systems. The paper is presenting a Cyber Physical Systems Oriented platform for mobile transactions, with applications in remote services access. The data communication is performed with the support of 3G/4G or wireless networks. The platform is designed based on Service Oriented Architecture, which ensures the distribution of IT resources in an integrated environment, organized on principles of information access and processing efficiency. The client application is accessing the service, through the functionality exposed by platform's interfaces. The transaction tools are provided through a web service.
Measurement Accuracy of Aluminium Content in Bone

Abstract The aluminium content in bone has been related in several ways: to the weight of wet bone, to the weight of dry bone, to the weight of bone-ash and to the calcium content of bone. We determined the accuracy and precision of measurement (using an inductively coupled mass-spectrometer) in 30 bone samples taken from one patient. The coefficient of variation of the aluminium/weight-quotient was 12.4 per cent for wet bone, 4.7 for dry bone and 5.0 for bone ash; and the coefficient of variation of the aluminium/calcium-weight-quotient was 7.5 per cent. Thus, the aluminium content in bone seems to be best related to the weight of dry bone.
Bidding behavior in a repeated procurement auction

This paper considers bidding behavior in a repeated procurement auction setting. We study bid data for highway construction procurement in the state of California between May 1996 and May 1999. We consider a dynamic bidding model that takes into account bidder asymmetry and the presence of intertemporal effects such as capacity constraints. We estimate the model and assess the importance of intertemporal constraints.
Towards an Expanded Role for Asian Currencies: Issues and Prospects

Notwithstanding incumbency advantages and network effects enjoyed by the United States (US) dollar, considerations about the stability of its value have led Asian countries to fear they are holding their foreign exchange reserves in a depreciating currency. At the same time, it pays for the regional countries to adjust their reserve currency composition to match the point of reference of their exchange rate policy. This paper examines empirically which regional currency or currencies seem to matter for exchange rate determination in Asia beyond the very short term. To this end, we employ country-specific Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models to compare the relative impact which fluctuations in the Asian Currency Unit (ACU), yuan and yen separately have on movements of Asian currencies. Contrary to recent evidence based on daily data, we found monthly exchange rates variations in the region are more heavily influenced by the cumulative effect of key Asian currencies than by the yuan or the yen individually within the sample period we used. To the extent that exchange rates in the region shift over time from benchmarking the US dollar towards a broad range of Asian currencies, Asian central banks will find it more attractive to cross-hold Asian bonds. This calls for the development of deep private markets in such assets, as well as institutional prerequisites for internationalizing key regional currencies.
Orthogonal frequency division multiple access with an aggregated sub-channel structure and statistical channel quality measurement

In this paper, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is considered for the mobile air interface. To reduce the reverse link overheads for CQI feedback, we consider an aggregated sub-channel structure, where a set of adjacent sub-carriers are tied up to a sub-channel to be used as a unit of user-multiplexing and the corresponding power/rate allocation. Modeling the SNR distribution over the bandwidth of a sub-channel as Rician, the channel quality of a sub-channel is summarized with the mean and variance of channel gain envelop divided by noise standard deviation. Then, we develop a generalized two step channel/resource allocation algorithm, which uses the two statistical measurements, and analyze the spectral efficiency of the OFDMA system in terms of average frequency utilization.
Enhanced capacity using transmit diversity and smart antennas

The use of multiple element antennas-both transmitting and receiving-has great potential for increasing the capacity of wireless systems. The maximum capacity is computed for an "edge-excited" cell with 3 base sites and a subscriber terminal with a 3 element array, for line-of-sight channels. In an attempt to approach this capacity, we show that the use of innovative signal processing at the receiver (blind source separation technique) seems to allow the system to achieve a significant portion of this great capacity promised by information theory.
Humoral immune response to HSV‐1 and HSV‐2 viral proteins in patients with primary genital herpes

The humoral immune response to HSV‐1 and HSV‐2 proteins was examined in patients with primary first‐episode genital herpes. Ten patients had culture‐proven HSV‐1 infections, 37 had HSV‐2 infections, and all were seronegative to HSV proteins before developing their infections. Development of serum antibodies to individual HSV proteins and glycoproteins was determined by immunoprecipitation of radiolabeled HSV‐1‐ and HSV‐2‐ infected cell proteins and subsequent gel electrophoresis. In HSV‐1 patients, a sequential development of antibodies to HSV‐1 proteins was observed with early appearance of antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein p148 and to glycoproteins gB and gC. Seroconversion to gD and to a polypeptide of 88,000 molecular weight (p88) occurred next, and, finally, seroconversion to gE and to a nonglycosylated 66,000 dalton protein p66. In HSV‐2 patients, antibodies to HSV‐2 proteins p148, gB, and p88 appeared within 1 week of onset of symptoms. Seroconversion to p66, gD, and to a complex of glycoproteins gC and gE (g80) occurred later, at a mean time of approximately 3 weeks. Seroconversion to HSV‐1 gB, p88, and p66 occurred significantly later than seroconversion to the homologous counterparts. Seroconversion within 21 days of onset to HSV‐2 gD, g80, and p66 was associated with a longer time to the first recurrence in HSV‐2 patients, suggesting a possible role of these antibodies, alone or in combination, in the maintenance of HSV‐2 latency in humans.
Household food security in Iran: systematic review of Iranian articles

Introduction: Food and nutrition are basic needs of human society. Fulfilling this need lies in concept offood security. There are two main prerequisites for food security in any society: Ensure the availability andaccessibility of food in society and ensure the ability of households to obtain food. Household food securitymeans all family members have access to enough food for their minimum amount of necessary requirements.With a systematic review approach, this article wants to investigate the scales, prevalence, contributingfactors and consequences of household food security in Iran.Methods and Materials: Proceedings of the Persian writers on household food security without limits oftime, place and language publishing was searched thorough informative databases of PubMed, Elsevier , SID,Medlib, Magiran, Iranmedex, Irandoc, Google Scholar using "food security, food insecurity, associatedfactors, prevalence, causes, women, children and Iran" as search keywords.Findings: Six scales for assessing household food insecurity has been used in Iranian studies.According to various studies, regardless of the scale used, the prevalence of food insecurity was about 20 to60%; and in female-headed households and low-income communities, 75 and 86% have been reported.Reduce variation in food consumption and intake of essential micronutrients, poor nutritional status of infants,inconsistent effects on body mass index and weight of children, adolescents, women and men were the studiedconsequences of food insecurity.Conclusion: Household food security is considered as an indicator of individual and family healthwhich can be measured to help policy makers and other institutions to design, monitor and evaluate programsand interventions. At national and provincial levels, there are good policy and practices in this field . Due tonutritional transition, increased urbanization and demographic changes in Iran, investigating food securitystatus at the individual and family level, influencing social and cultural factors, its consequences, Design,implement and evaluate proper interventions need further consideration by policy makers, governmentofficials and experts in the country.Keywords: Household food security, prevalence, influencing factors, consequences, Iran.
Private equity in Kenya : an analysis of emerging legal and institutional issues

In Kenya, like in many other countries around the world, private equity’s emergence as a creative method for financing companies, is attracting attention as the government seeks new ways of financing its private sector – which it now recognises as the engine for Kenya’s economic development. This policy outlook is undermined by the reality of a yet extensively undercapitalised private sector, and the lack of a coherent body of knowledge and experience on Kenyan private equity. This study, for the first time, brings together that dispersed body of knowledge to facilitate coherent analysis of the emerging legal and institutional issues that private equity introduces. Using case law and statutory analysis, documentary reviews, interviews and surveys to construct the complete picture of Kenyan private equity, this empirical legal inquiry finds that the law on private equity in Kenya is incomplete: it is patchy and dispersed, and is not uniformly applied among and across all private equity market intermediaries. Secondly, the institutions charged with supervising the implementation of the law are undercapacitated, with the result that regulatory supervision within the private equity industry remains weak and largely unfelt. Thirdly, the legal institutions supporting private equity practice in Kenya (security of property rights, security of financial contracts and integrity in financial reporting) are in a nascent state of development. Fourthly, there is no clear policy on alternative investments generally, and private equity particularly, in Kenya, undermining precision in regulatory objectives. These realities combine to blunt the impact of private equity in driving creative entrepreneurship. These realities support the need for structured national capacity enhancement across all spheres of private equity practice, such as would strengthen regulatory supervision, the emergence of a ‘home brand’ to private equity, the increased visibility of structured government engagement in channelling private equity into economically productive sectors linked to the nation’s development strategy. These findings mirror earlier research investigating the under-performance of private equity in emerging markets, with the upshot that a Law and Institutional Growth Model for Private Equity in Kenya is the necessary catalyst that will trigger the rapid expansion of the Kenyan private equity industry in aid of national development.
Prenatal Syphilis Screening Rates Measured Using Medicaid Claims and Electronic Medical Records

Background: To prevent congenital syphilis, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and professional organizations recommend universal prenatal syphilis screening. State-level or larger-scale evaluations of adherence to these guidelines have relied on administrative data. We measured prenatal syphilis screening rates in Indiana women with prenatal Medicaid coverage and also used electronic medical records to examine the completeness of syphilis screening claims in Medicaid administrative data. Methods: In statewide Indiana Medicaid claims data, diagnosis and procedure codes were used to identify women who delivered an infant between October 1, 1998, and September 30, 2002. Claims for prenatal (that is, during the 40 weeks before and including the delivery date) syphilis screens, including the “obstetric panel” of tests, and for prenatal visits were extracted. A subset of the study population received prenatal care in a large public hospital and its affiliated clinics served by an electronic medical records system. For these women, claims data were compared with laboratory reports. Results: Among 74,188 women with one delivery in Medicaid claims data, 60% had at least 1 prenatal syphilis screening claim, and 15% had 2 or more. Women with continuous Medicaid enrollment during pregnancy or with at least one prenatal visit claim had higher rates. Among the 3960 women for whom Medicaid claims and laboratory data were available, 49.8% had at least one prenatal syphilis screen in Medicaid claims, but 99.3% had at least one laboratory report of a syphilis screen. Conclusions: Measurements made using Medicaid administrative data appear to substantially underestimate true prenatal syphilis screening rates.