Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vulnerability of national economies to the impacts of climate change on fisheries

Anthropogenic global warming has significantly influenced physical and biological processes at global and regional scales. The observed and anticipated changes in global climate present significant opportunities and challenges for societies and economies. We compare the vulnerability of 132 national economies to potential climate change impacts on their capture fisheries using an indicator-based approach. Countries in Central and Western Africa (e.g. Malawi, Guinea, Senegal, and Uganda), Peru and Colombia in north-western South America, and four tropical Asian countries (Bangladesh, Cambodia, Pakistan, and Yemen) were identified as most vulnerable. This vulnerability was due to the combined effect of predicted warming, the relative importance of fisheries to national economies and diets, and limited societal capacity to adapt to potential impacts and opportunities. Many vulnerable countries were also among the world’s least developed countries whose inhabitants are among the world’s poorest and twice as reliant on fish, which provides 27% of dietary protein compared to 13% in less vulnerable countries. These countries also produce 20% of the world’s fish exports and are in greatest need of adaptation planning to maintain or enhance the contribution that fisheries can make to poverty reduction. Although the precise impacts and direction of climate-driven change for particular fish stocks and fisheries are uncertain, our analysis suggests they are likely to lead to either increased economic hardship or missed opportunities for development in countries that depend upon fisheries but lack the capacity to adapt.
Determinants of Participation in Watershed Development Projects in Khorasan, Iran

Study of factors affecting farmers' participation in watershed development is crucial for planners to ensure that projects fit local beliefs, values, and conditions. A cross sectional survey was conducted to identify factors influencing farmers’ participation in watershed development projects in the Khorasan region of Iran. A two-stage random sampling technique was employed to select a representative sample. A total of 139 farmers (76 participants, vs. 63 non-participants) from 65 project villages were selected and interviewed with the aid of a pre-tested interview schedule containing open-ended as well as closed questions. The discriminant analysis indicated that such variables as legal title to dry lands, hectares and value of dry lands, age, technical knowledge, level of education, visiting of the model farmers, and the horizon of watershed planning, could correctly classify about 80 percent of watershed farmers as participant vs . nonparticipants. For better understanding of these determinants, a multiple regression analysis was also carried out which indicated that " technical knowledge " and "hectares as well as value of dry land " were the key determinants of farmers' participation in watershed development projects.
Diet of the squid Moroteuthis ingens (Teuthoidea: Onychoteuthidae) in the upper slope waters of the Kerguelen Islands

The diet of the onychoteuthid squid Moroteuthis ingens was investigated through stomach content analyses of 72 individuals collected aboard a trawler targeting Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides in the upper slope waters of the Kerguelen Archipelago. M. ingens is pri- marily piscivorous (67% by number and 87% by reconstituted mass), although the diet also includes squids (12 and 12%, respectively) and crustaceans (21 and <1%, respectively). The main fish prey were the paralepidid Arctozenus risso (28% by reconstituted mass), the gempylid Paradiplospinus gracilis (24%) and various myctophids. M. ingens preyed also upon conspecifics (cannibalism, 6%), and the euphausiid Euphausia triacantha was the main crustacean item. Most of the prey are pelagic organisms performing diurnal migration, suggesting that the benthopelagic M. ingens catch them when they are near the bottom during the day. In turn, M. ingens is a prey for several species of top predators, including D. eleginoides and air-breathing vertebrates. M. ingens thus contributes to carbon export from the pelagic environment to the benthos and from the ocean to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide expired by birds and mammals.
Diradicaloids in the insoluble organic matter from the Tagish Lake meteorite: Comparison with the Orgueil and Murchison meteorites

Abstract— The radicals in the insoluble organic matter (IOM) from the Tagish Lake meteorite were studied by electron paramagnetic resonance and compared to those existing in the Orgueil and Murchison meteorites. As in the Orgueil and Murchison meteorites, the radicals in the Tagish Lake meteorite are heterogeneously distributed and comprise a substantial amount (˜42%) of species with a thermally accessible triplet state and with the same singlet‐triplet gap, ΔE ≅0.1 eV, as in the Orgueil and Murchison meteorites. These species were identified as diradicaloid moieties. The existence of similar diradicaloid moieties in three different carbonaceous chondrites but not in terrestrial IOM strongly suggests that these moieties could be “fingerprints” of the extraterrestrial origin of meteoritic IOM and markers of its synthetic pathway before its inclusion into a parent body.
The Bushmeat Harvest Alters Seedling Banks by Favoring Lianas, Large Seeds, and Seeds Dispersed by Bats, Birds, and Wind

We evaluated predictions that hunters favor lianas, large seeds, and seeds dispersed by bats, small birds, and mechanical means for seedling banks in central Panama. We censused 3201 trees in 20 1‐ha plots and 38,250 seedlings in the central 64 m2 of each plot. We found significant differences in the species composition of the seedling bank between nine protected sites in the Barro Colorado Nature Monument and 11 hunted sites in the contiguous Parque Nacional Soberanía. Lianas, species with large seeds, and species with seeds dispersed by bats, small birds, and mechanical means were all overrepresented at hunted sites. The latter two findings could also be evaluated relative to the species composition of reproductively mature adults for canopy trees. The tree species present in the seedling bank had significantly heavier seeds than the tree species present as adults at hunted sites but not at protected sites. The representation of seed dispersal modes among the species present in the seedling bank did not reflect pre‐existing differences in the local species composition of adults. We hypothesize that hunting large seed predators favors large seeds by reducing predation and increasing survival. We also hypothesize that the harvest of large birds and mammals that disperse many seeds favors other species whose seeds are dispersed by bats, small birds, and mechanical means. This process also favors lianas because the seeds of disproportionate numbers of liana species are dispersed by wind.
Government Initiatives Toward Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria

Government policies and programs promote entrepreneurship and investing in new ventures. This paper examines various government policies and programs towards the development of entrepreneurship in Nigeria. A random sample of 1,159 beneficiaries of EDP-NDE programs were selected and structured questionnaires were used to obtain information from the selected EDP-NDE beneficiaries. The result shows that government credit policies and programs have no significant effect on the development of entrepreneurial beneficiaries of the EDP-NDE program. We recommend that governments enforce laws and regulations that link institutional development and the entrepreneurial endeavor and to create an environment that will encourage entrepreneurs to develop business and new ventures.
Investigating children's meaning-making and the emergence of musical interaction in group improvisation

This paper describes what improvising came to mean to a group of 12-year-old children who, as members of a weekly lunchtime ‘Music Creators' Soundings Club’, were watched, listened to, and invited to reflect upon the process of group improvisation. Focusing on musical interaction as it emerged in the earliest stages of this work, this paper shows the relationship between children's actions and their reflective talk. It identifies emerging principles in a sequence of musical examples that portray children making music together and shows the nature of group improvisation as socially and musically inclusive. These children valued group improvisation most for its immediacy and continuity. Ways of delighting in how children behave musically and reveal their musical learning through conversation are discussed.
IASI measurements of reactive trace species in biomass burning plumes

This work presents observations of a series of short-lived species in biomass burning plumes from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), launched onboard the MetOp-A platform in October 2006. The strong fires that have occurred in the Mediterranean Basin – and particularly Greece – in August 2007, and those in Southern Siberia and Eastern Mongolia in the early spring of 2008 are selected to support the analyses. We show that the IASI infrared spectra in these fire plumes contain distinctive signatures of ammonia (NH 3 ), ethene (C 2 H 4 ), methanol (CH 3 OH) and formic acid (HCOOH) in the atmospheric window between 800 and 1200 cm −1 , with some noticeable differences between the plumes. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (CH 3 COOONO 2 , abbreviated as PAN) was also observed with good confidence in some plumes and a tentative assignment of a broadband absorption spectral feature to acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) is made. For several of these species these are the first reported measurements made from space in nadir geometry. The IASI measurements are analyzed for plume height and concentration distributions of NH 3 , C 2 H 4 and CH 3 OH. The Greek fires are studied in greater detail for the days associated with the largest emissions. In addition to providing information on the spatial extent of the plume, the IASI retrievals allow an estimate of the total mass emissions for NH 3 , C 2 H 4 and CH 3 OH. Enhancement ratios are calculated for the latter relative to carbon monoxide (CO), giving insight in the chemical processes occurring during the transport, the first day after the emission.
Development of a Distributed Cryptographic System Employing Parallelized Counter Mode Encryption

In the current era of Cloud Computing, Big Data and always-connected devices and apps, it is critical that the data that reside on networks be secured by robust techniques and protocols. As the data are highly distributed and voluminous, the security measures should employ methods that efficiently and rapidly encrypt data. This calls for scaling the model up to employ a distributed programming paradigm, so that the utilization of resources (computing and storage) on the network is high and channeled for processing in an optimum way. Exploring the idea of distributed cryptography might hold solutions to address this potential problem. We have tried to probe in this direction by building a distributed and flexible cryptosystem that employs a parallelized version of the AES algorithm. The results obtained emphasize the performance gains, agility, flexibility and scalability of the concept of cryptography using distributed systems. Keywords-Big Data; Cluster Computing; Distributed Systems; Security; Cryptography; MPI.
Gain-Scheduled Control for LPV Stochastic Systems

A robust control problem for discrete-time uncertain stochastic systems is discussed via gain-scheduled control scheme subject to attenuation performance. Applying Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) modeling approach and stochastic difference equation, the uncertain stochastic systems can be described by combining time-varying weighting function and linear systems with multiplicative noise terms. Due to the consideration of stochastic behavior, the stability in the sense of mean square is applied for the system. Furthermore, two kinds of Lyapunov functions are employed to derive their corresponding sufficient conditions to solve the stabilization problems of this paper. In order to use convex optimization algorithm, the derived conditions are converted into Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) form. Via solving those conditions, the gain-scheduled controller can be established such that the robust asymptotical stability and performance of the disturbed uncertain stochastic system can be achieved in the sense of mean square. Finally, two numerical examples are applied to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed design method.
Relationship between Political Discrimination Level Perceived by Teachers and Teachers’ Organizational Cynicism Levels

Problem Statement: Political discrimination is directed against individuals on the basis of their political party membership and views, including their sociopolitical and moral attitudes. People subjected to discrimination have a high level of professional exhaustion, slow upward career mobility, low morale and performance, less initiative, psychological problems, low job satisfaction and physical health problems. Political discrimination and cynicism, an unfavored attitude within an organization, were seen to possibly have a relationship, and an empirical test was, therefore believed to contribute to the literature. Aim of the study: This study aims to reveal the relationship between the political discrimination level perceived by teachers in school and their organizational cynicism level. Method of the study: This research utilizes a correlational screening format. The study group consists of 280 elementary school teachers serving in central district of Kirsehir province. The Political Discrimination Scale for Teachers and the Organizational Cynicism Scale for Teachers were used to determine political discrimination levels perceived by teachers and their organizational cynicism level respectively. Results of the study: Findings of the research revealed a medium level of significant relationship between political discrimination perceived by teachers and their organizational cynicism. Additionally, discrimination in social relationships and discrimination in administrative affairs were found to affect organizational cynicism. Accordingly, discrimination in social relationships and administrative affairs was found to be a significant predictor of organizational cynicism. Conclusion and Recommendations: Results of the study demonstrate a relationship between political discrimination and organizational cynicism, and teachers’ perceptions of political discrimination play a significant role in promoting cynical behavior. The study recommends that to decrease teachers’ cynicism, school principals should assure that teachers are not experiencing political discrimination in school. Keywords: Organizational behavior, school administration, unethical behavior
Adoption by policy makers of knowledge from educational research: An alternative perspective

The phrase knowledge adoption refers to the ways in which policymakers take up and use evidence. Whilst frameworks and models have been put forward to explain knowledge adoption activity, this paper argues that current approaches are flawed and do not address the complexities affecting the successful realisation of knowledge-adoption efforts. Within the paper, existing models are engaged with and critiqued, and an alternative perspective presented. It is argued that this new take on knowledge adoption provides a more effective account of the process. The paper also illustrates how this model has been tested and what its implications are for educational policy development
Daily Online Search Volume As A Timely Measure For Investor Attention

This paper studies if online searches for stock tickers can predict daily abnormal returns. Prior research finds that the number of searches for a stock ticker on Google is a proxy for investor attention and can predict weekly abnormal returns. In a sample from 2005 to 2010 of S&P500 constituents I make one-day-ahead forecasts using Google Search Volume (GSV) and benchmark models. Based on a Diebold-Mariano test and conditional test of predictive ability (Giacomini and White (2006)) I find that the GSV model significantly outperforms an AR(1) model. This holds for both in- and out-of-sample and for different estimation windows. However, an AR(1) model does not improve when GSV is added. I conclude that GSV has some power to predict abnormal returns, however only beats the worst performing benchmark model. This is evidence that GSV is less successful in predicting abnormal returns on a daily instead of weekly basis. This is in line with the notion that daily stock returns are notoriously hard to predict.
Analysis of frequency uncertainty on positioning accuracy based on WINNER II Channel

Abstract:Conventional geolocation techniques include the time of arrival (TOA), the time difference of arrival (TDOA), the angle of arrival (AOA), the received signal strength (RSS) ,the fingerprint positioning based methods and etc. Among these location techniques, a method based on RSS has attracted much attention because of its low complexity and cost of devices. Based on channel model obtained from measurements, the positioning accuracy of RSS location method is affected by the frequency. Thus, analysis of the impact of frequency uncertainty is a very important issue for mobile location. Although many performance analyses have been addressed for RSS location method, the impact of frequency uncertainty on positioning accuracy for RSS has not been studied in the literature to the best of our knowledge. In this paper, theoretical analysis and simulations are both provided for analyzing the impact of frequency uncertainty on positioning accuracy.
Analysis of high school students’ environmental attitude

This article reports the preliminary study on developments of physics teaching material that is integrated to climate change. The purpose of the research is to analyze survey’s result which will be used to find students’ environmental attitude. This research has used the descriptive statistic method. The results of this study indicate the environmental attitudes of students are low so it is necessary to develop teaching materials to improve it.
Application of Incremental Updating Association Mining Algorithm in Geological Disasters System

Abstract Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, low cost of time and space, This paper proposes an algorithm to update the association mining of the inverted index tree. The algorithm combines the inverted index technology with the tree structure. When the data in the database is continuously updated, it can scan only the newly added part of the database, without having to scan the original database to count the number of transaction items. The optimal threshold predicted by Newton’s interpolation formula is compared with this frequency to get frequent item sets. Then, the confidence level is calculated for the combinations of different item sets in frequent item sets, and the correlation rules are obtained, and the correlation analysis of the rules is carried out to obtain a more realistic association rule. The inverted index tree updating association mining algorithm was applied to the data analysis of geological hazards monitoring system. One year data record of rainfall, groundwater level, soil water content and topography data was selected as the experimental data set. Compared with the IUAR algorithm, it is found that the inverted index tree updating association mining algorithm has some improvements in memory consumption and efficiency. The experimental results show that When the minimum support of IUAR algorithm remains unchanged, the number of transaction records is the same as the amount of new data, and Inverted Index Tree Incremental Updating Association Mining Algorithm takes less than 2/5 of the IUAR algorithm. When the number of transaction records and the amount of new data remain unchanged and IUAR algorithm support changes, the Inverted Index Tree Incremental Updating Association Mining Algorithm memory consumption is much smaller than IUAR algorithm. In the process of experiment, according to the results of the Inverted Index Tree Incremental Updating Association Mining Algorithm, the association rules are obtained and the correlation is judged. The strong association rules are used to set the alarm threshold of the geological disaster monitoring system.
Improved Generalized Single-Source Tangential Equivalence Principle Algorithm with Contact-Region Modeling Method for Array Structures

An improved generalized single-source tangential equivalence principle algorithm (GSST-EPA) is proposed for analyzing array structures with connected elements. In order to use the advantages of GSST-EPA, the connected array elements are decomposed and computed by a contact-region modeling (CRM) method, which makes that each element has the same meshes. The unknowns of elements can be transferred onto the equivalence surfaces by GSST-EPA. The scattering matrix in GSST-EPA needs to be solved and stored only once due to the same meshes for each element. The shift invariant of translation matrices is also used to reduce the computation of near-field interaction. Furthermore, the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is used to accelerate the matrix-vector multiplication in the GSST-EPA. Numerical results are shown to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
Application of direct torque and power control to the wind turbine system with PMSG

S t r e s z c z e n i e Przedstawiono przekształtnikowy układ elektrowni wiatrowej z generatorem synchronicznym o magnesach trwałych (PMSG). System składa się z turbiny wiatrowej, sprzężonej bezpośrednio z generatorem PMSG, przekształtnika maszynowego (MSC) oraz przekształtnika sieciowego (GSC). Do sterowania MSC zastosowano metodę bezpośredniego sterowania momentem (DTC). W celu wykorzystania maksymalnej mocy turbiny wiatrowej zastosowano algorytm MPPT. Do sterowania GSC zastosowano metodę bezpośredniego sterowania mocą (DPC). Wykonane badania symulacyjne potwierdziły dobre właściwości rozpatrywanych metod sterowania. Słowa kluczowe: turbina wiatrowa, PMSG, MPPT, DTC, DPC, filtr sieciowy LCL * M.Sc. Eng. Piotr Gajewski, D.Sc. Ph.D. Eng. Krzysztof Pieńkowski, Department of Electrical Machines, Drives and Measurements, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology. TECHNICAL TRANSACTIONS ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 2-E/2016 CZASOPISMO TECHNICZNE ELEKTROTECHNIKA DOI: 10.4467/2353737XCT.16. 256.6055
Software Verification and Validation Laboratory : Black-box SQL Injection Testing : Technical Report

Web services are increasingly adopted in various domains, from finance and e-government to social media. As they are built on top of the web technologies, they suffer also an unprecedented amount of attacks and exploitations like the Web. Among the attacks, those that target SQL injection vulnerabilities have consistently been top-ranked for the last years. Testing to detect such vulnerabilities before making web services public is crucial. We present in this report an automated testing approach, namely μ4SQLi, and its underpinning set of mutation operators. μ4SQLi can produce effective inputs that lead to executable and harmful SQL statements. Executability is key as otherwise no injection vulnerability can be exploited. Our evaluation demonstrated that the approach outperforms contemporary known attacks in terms of vulnerability detection and the ability to get through an application firewall, which is a popular configuration in real world.