Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comments on Parent Training Research: A Reply to Ayers et al.

I enjoyed reading Ayers et al.’s response to my parent training case study.Ayersetal. identifiedmattersthatdeserveconsideration anddeliberation. I am fortunate to have the opportunity to reply to their critique. Ayers et al. were rightly apprehensive about diagnosing young children, age 4, with ADHD. There are specific hazards and complications in evaluating preschoolers with ADHD (see Barkley, 1998, pp. 186-190). Furthermore, I have reservations about the clinical utility of nosological models. For me, diagnostic labels give good direction, but there are many practical and heuristic advantages of the functional analysis that was reported. Nevertheless, readers of journals like to know who the participants are and ‘‘ADHD,’’ when valid, conveys a lot of information in a little space. Multi-modal assessment is one way to enhance validity. A pediatrician conducted a medical evaluation, diagnosed ADHD, and referred the boys to the program. We did not accept the family because the boys were three years old. Six months later the mother re-applied and the results are the case study. Diagnostic research criteria (Barkley, 1988) includes scores on standardized rating scale scores more than 1 1/2 standard deviations above the mean. CPRS-R, HSQ, and CBCL standard scores at pre-screening and baseline meet this criteria and most of Danny’s scores were more than 3 standard deviations above the mean. Direct observation baseline
Geographic variation in key indicators of maternal and child health across 27 countries in sub-Saharan Africa

The Millennium Development Goals expire in 2015. While progress has been made in many areas it appears that the maternal newborn and child health goals (MDG 4 and 5) will not be universally achieved. There was early recognition that it could be possible to achieve the health goals while increasing health inequity because most of the gains might go to the better-off rather than to the very poor. Concerns about health inequity indicate the need for analysis of health indicators in small geographic units to aid in the identification of hotspots where coverage of key interventions lags behind neighboring areas. This report analyzes the spatial distribution of nine key maternal and child health indicators across 27 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. We created maps with 255 polygons representing each survey region from 27 DHS surveys joined to indicator estimates. These maps show sub-regional-level autocorrelation for each indicator as well as spatial clusters and we characterized those clusters in terms of the relationships among neighboring sub-regions. Patterns of substantial differences among contiguous subareas are apparent for different indicators with some intra-country differences greater than 20 percentage points for all indicators examined. Our analysis shows some cross-border association with groups of high-high or low-low clustering present for all indicators. This analysis facilitates the identification of hotspots of low coverage or high need and can be used to allocate resources effectively to reduce health inequities between and within countries.
Award Number: W81XWH-09-1-0583 TITLE: Deregulation of miRNAs contributes to development and progression of prostate cancer

Although prostate cancer (CaP) is the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor in American men, the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of CaP remain largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that downregulation of miR-124 occurs in several types of human cancer, suggesting a tumor suppressive function of miR-124. Until now, however, it has been unclear whether miR-124 is associated with CaP. In the present study, we completed a series of experiments to understand the functional role of miR-124 in CaP. We detected the expression level of miR-124 in clinical CaP tissues, evaluated the influence of miR-124 on the growth of CaP cells, and investigated the mechanism underlying the dysregulation of miR-124. We found that i) miR-124 directly targets the androgen receptor (AR) and subsequently induces a upregulation of p53; ii) miR-124 is significantly down-regulated in malignant prostatic cells compared to that in benign cells and DNA methylation causes the reduced expression of miR124; and iii) miR-124 can inhibit the growth of CaP cells in vitro and in vivo. Data from this study revealed that loss of miR-124 expression is a common event in CaP, which may contribute to pathogenesis of CaP. Our studies also suggest that miR-124 is a potential tumor suppressive gene in CaP, and restoration of miR124 expression may represent a novel strategy for CaP therapy.
Evolução da associação entre padrões alimentares brasileiros e pegada hídrica na primeira década do século XXI

Utikava, N. [Evolution of the association between Brazilian dietary patterns and the water footprint in the first decade of XXI century]. 2016. Dissertation – University of São Paulo (School of Public Health), São Paulo, 2016. Portuguese. Introduction: Food production is the sector that exerts the major Water Footprint (WF), defined as the volume of freshwater resources used for production and consumption of goods and services. Contemporary eating patterns have changed in face of demographic, epidemiological, and nutritional transitions. In addition, in Brazil, the first decade of XXI century was marked by social protection policies that culminated in poverty reduction and inequality attenuation. It is necessary to understand how these changes may have affected the water demand required to sustain the new dietary patterns of the population. Aim: To examine the association between Brazilian dietary patterns (DP) and the WF associated to the production of the food products purchased in Brazilian households between 2003 and 2009. Methods: Cross-sectional study with household food purchase data provided by the Household Budget Surveys for the years 2002-2003 and 2008-2009. The purchased foods were matched with WF data. The average per capita WF was described into food groups, macro-region, area and level of income. The DP were estimated for the censitary sectors by principal component analysis. The differences observed between the two surveys were tested with the t Student test for independent means, with a significance level of 0.05. The effects of dietary patterns on WF and components were estimated by multivariate linear regression. Results: The average water footprint, associated with the production of foods purchased in Brazilian households, was 2,650 m3 per year per capita (EP ± 37.3 m3 per year per capita) in 2003 and 2,446 m3 per year per capita (EP ± 37.3 m3 per year per capita) in 2009. Approximately 91.4% of these values corresponded to the green component, 4.7% to the blue component and 3.9% to the gray component. All regions showed a reduction in WF in 2009, but this was significant only in the Northeast and Southeast regions. It was observed a positive linear trend between WF and income. Six DP were identified and characterized by the type of protein source: DP1 by red and processed meat, DP2 by milk and eggs, DP3 by fish and oilseeds, DP4 by cereals and legumes, DP5 by fish and processed foods and DP6 by fish, soy-based meat analogues and other vegetable sources of protein. The DP1 and DP6 patterns showed an upward trend in 2009, but the impact of PA1 on WF was three times higher than of PA6. The PA6 was suggested as a more sustainable pattern, in agreement with the literature and with the contemporary food guides recommendations. Conclusions: Socioeconomic changes in the first decade of this century reflected in modifications concerning the dietary patterns of the population, which affected the WF. Interventions that consider both the socioeconomic variants and healthy and sustainable food consumption are necessary.
A Survey on Data Migration Techniques Across the Cloud Storage Systems

In cloud computing, the data could be stored anywhere across the globe, and it limits the client organisations to have less control over the stored data. In cloud computing, it is seen many times that user data is altered, deleted or modified. A data migration technique is adapted by users to have better security services like third party auditor, to ensure that their data is safe on the cloud. So there is need of more secure mechanism to migrate the data over the cloud and hence several mechanisms have been proposed. This paper presents the literature survey related to data migration techniques available across the cloud storage systems.
Spatial Estimations of Air Pollution in Urban Areas by LIDAR Measurements

Spatial analysis and visualization of data focused on air pollution in urban areas can be more efficiently explored by geographic information systems (GISs). Data originating from direct monitoring, mathematical modelling and physical simulation in wind tunnels are represented by a wide range of data formats that, together with spatial objects on the surface of studied areas, form heterogenic structures. Thus, to solve spatio-temporal analysis and numeric models, a complex computer system is needed to manage the data and a number of user oriented procedures. In the case of this contribution, a GIS project is developed to examine the GIS abilities to integrate and analyse data collections from LIDAR measurements in the urban areas of Prague. The LIDAR data contain spatial measurements of pollutants located in points along the laser beam trajectories. As regards the mechanical system, the laser beams are mostly arranged into a horizontal or a vertical scan. In the case of the LIDAR system used, one data collection contains 3D scanning of O3 in the horizontal planes and the other collection includes scanning of NO2 in the vertical planes. The horizontal scanning is located above a street network with heavy transport. The vertical scans are mainly in the direction of arterial roads mostly above their midlines. Spatial estimations are focused on spatial interpolation of pollutant concentrations by deterministic and geostatistical methods. Subsequently, the images, which illustrate the pollutant distribution, are included into the GIS project and visualized together with other spatial data that can support decision making processes and risk assessment analysis.
How roadway pollutants affect health.

Student Researcher: Fabio Coartney, Lathrop High School Mentor: Dr. Mary Ellen Gordian, Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska Anchorage High levels of particulate matter (PM) around roadways are major risk factors to developing lungs. A recent study involving children of 10 to 18 years of age found that pollutants from roadways caused harm to children’s respiratory systems. In this age group, the lungs are developing rapidly and lung damage has lifelong consequences. We hypothesized that PM and benzene levels would be high close to major intersections in Anchorage. To test this, we measured benzene levels on crosswalks adjacent to three major intersections and 0.5 mm and 5.0 mm diameter PM levels 0.6 m, 9.6 m, and 18.6 m from each of four major intersections. Benzene was present in air samples from all three crosswalks at concentrations between 1.54–1.57 parts per billion. The mean PM levels were still high enough to be capable of inducing asthma 18.6 m from the intersection. This suggests that proximity to roadways is harmful to respiratory health. INTRODUCTION
Removal of Temporal and Under-Relaxation Terms from the Pressure-Correction Equation of the SIMPLE Algorith

The SIMPLEV (SIMPLE–Vincent) algorithm is an improved version of the ‘standard’ SIMPLE algorithm where the under-relaxation and temporal terms are removed from the pressure correction equation of the SIMPLE algorithm. This paper focuses on the methodol ogies of the SIMPLEV algorithm and how it is used to solve the discretized momentum equations that yield the pressure correction terms of the pressure correction equation. The SIMPLE and SIMPLEV algorithms rely on under -relaxation to avoid divergence and there is the problem that by using a very small velocity under-relaxation factor or a very small time step, the convergence rate o f the SIMPLE and SIMPLEV algorithms becomes extremel y slow since a small pressure under-relaxation factor must be employed. The SIMPLE algorithm is assesse d with a version that has the terms for the pressure correction equation that increases the pressure correction as the velocity under-relaxation factors or the time step terms decr ease. It is shown that the SIMPLEV algorithm gives the reverse e ffect of this.
Synthesis and Simulation of Enhanced Buffer Router vs. Virtual Channel Router in NOC ON Cadence

— This paper presents a synthesis and simulation of proposed enhanced buffer. The design provides advantages of both buffer and bufferless network for that two cross bar switches are used. The concept of virtual channel (VC) is eliminated from the previous design by using an efficient flow-control scheme that uses the storage already present in pipelined channels in place of explicit input VCBs. This can be addressed by providing enhanced buffers on the bufferless link and creating two virtual networks. With this approach, VCBs act as distributed FIFO buffers. Without VCBs or VCs, deadlock prevention is achieved by duplicating physical channels. An enhanced buffer provides a function of hand shaking by providing a ready valid handshake signal and two bit storage. Through this design the power is reduced to 15.65% and delay is reduced to 97.88% with respect to virtual channel router.
Computational intelligence-based decision support system for glaucoma detection

Glaucoma is the second major cause of loss of vision in the world. Assessment of Optic Nerve Head (ONH) is very important for diagnosing glaucoma and for patient monitoring after diagnosis. Robust and effective Optic Disc (OD), Optic Cup (OC) detection is a necessary preprocessing step to calculate the Cup-To-Disc Ratio (CDR), Inferior Superior Nasal Temporal (ISNT) ratio and distance between optic disc center and optic nerve head (DOO). OD is detected using Region Matching (RM) followed by medial axis detection in fundus images. OD and OC segmentations are carried out by Improved Super Pixel Classification (ISPC), Adaptive Mathematical Morphology (AMM) and the effectiveness of the algorithm is compared with existing k-means and fuzzy C means (FCM) algorithm. Experiments show that OD detection accuracies of 100%, 98.88%, 98.88% and 100% are obtained for the DRIVE, DIARETDB0, DIARETDB1 and DRISHTI data sets, respectively. In this work, three statistically significant (p<0.0001) features are used for Naive Bayes (NB), k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Feed Forward Back Propagation Neural Networks (FFBPNN), Distributed Time Delay Neural Network (DTDNN), radial basis function exact fit (RBFEF) and Radial Basis Function Few Neurons (RBFFN) classifier to select the best classifier. It is demonstrated that an average classification accuracy of 100%, sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 100% and precision of 100% have been achieved using FFBPNN, DTDNN, RBFEF and RBFFN. With expert ophthalmologist's validation, Decision Support System (DSS) used to make glaucoma diagnosis faster during the screening of normal/ glaucoma retinal images.
Role and Regulation of FOXD3 in Mutant B-RAF Melanoma

Abstract : The high level exposure of our troops to ultraviolet (UV) radiation increases their risk of melanoma. Notably, melanoma is the second most common cancer in males in the US Navy. Melanoma is an extremely aggressive disorder. Once invasive, it rapidly metastasizes to distant organs, the response to chemotherapeutic regimens is poor, and the five year survival rate is low. Thus, new chemotherapeutic strategies must be devised to reduce the numbers of our military, veterans and members of the general public succumbing to melanoma. We aim to understand resistance mechanisms in melanoma in order to provide the basis for improved targeted therapeutic strategies.
Effects of fire frequency on plant species composition of sandstone communities in the Sydney region: Inter‐fire interval and time‐since‐fire

Fire frequency is the number of fires experienced by a particular community within a given time period. This concept can potentially be resolved into a number of interacting variables, including: time since the most recent fire, the length of the inter-fire intervals, and the variability of the length of the inter-fire intervals. We estimated the effects of these three variables on the floristic composition of 65 samples from dry sclerophyll vegetation with different fire histories in Brisbane Water, Ku-ring-gai Chase and Royal National Parks near Sydney. Our analyses suggest that fire frequency may account for about 60% of the floristic variation among our samples. They confirm the hypothesis that the recent (<30 years) fire frequency produces effects on floristic composition of fire-prone communities that can recognizably be attributed both to the time since the most recent fire and to the length of the intervals between fires. These effects are equal in magnitude but are different in the nature of the floristic variation they are associated with. Increasing time-since-fire is associated with a decline in the evenness of fire-tolerant species, indicating that fewer of these species come to dominate the community in the prolonged absence of fire. Herbs and small shrubs decrease in abundance, while larger shrubs increase in abundance. Inter-fire intervals of decreasing length are associated with a decrease in the evenness of the fire-sensitive species, particularly those large Proteaceae shrubs that often dominate the community biomass in dry sclerophyll shrublands of southeastern Australia. Furthermore, the variation associated with inter-fire intervals is not necessarily solely related to the shortest inter-fire interval, but is related to combinations of inter-fire intervals through time. Thus, increasing variability of the length of the inter-fire intervals is associated with an increase in the species richness of both fire-sensitive and fire-tolerant species, implying that it may be variation of the inter-fire intervals through time that is primarily responsible for maintaining the presence of a wide variety of plant species in a particular community. Our results also suggest that the floristic variation associated with different inter-fire intervals decreases with increasing time-since-fire.
Relationship between breastfeeding practices and nutritional status of children aged 0-24 months in Nairobi, Kenya.

Breast milk has a major impact on child health, growth and development. Infants should exclusively breastfeed (EBF) for six months, then, nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods should be introduced. This study’s aim was to determine the breast feeding practices (initiating breastfeeding within one hour of child birth, exclusive breastfeeding for six months, no bottle feeding, and breastfeeding until or beyond two years and on demand breastfeeding) of mothers in Nairobi, and nutritional status of their children aged zero to twenty four months. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was used in the maternal child health (MCH) clinics in four selected Nairobi City Council health centres. A dyad (pair) of mother and her 0-24 month old child were targeted. The dyads were systematically selected based on the nth mother (where n was a fraction of desired sample size per actual number of mothers present in the clinic that day). A structured questionnaire was administered, which focused on maternal socio-demographic profiles and breastfeeding practices. Anthropometric assessments were conducted on the children. A total of 418 dyads were analysed, 99.0% of the mothers had breast fed, but only 12.6% children had been exclusively breastfed for the first six months. Only 34.0% of children aged less than six months were still exclusively breastfeeding, the rest were on complementary feeds. More than three quarters of the mothers had initiated breastfeeding within one hour of child birth, were not using bottles to feed their child, were breastfeeding on demand and had not weaned their child. On nutritional status assessment of children, 10.6 % were stunted, 6.2% underweight and 2.1% wasted. There was a significant association between delay in time of breastfeeding initiation after childbirth and stunting P≤. 05 (odds ratio 2), discontinuation of breastfeeding and underweight P≤. 05 (odds ratio 4.5), as well as weaning less than six months and underweight P≤. 05 (odds ratio 2.5). There was no significant association between breastfeeding practices and wasting. Children on bottle feeding and those who had discontinued breastfeeding were likely to be wasted (odds ratio 1.6). However, these associations do not control for age, and both underweight and wasting are related to age. A majority of mothers were compliant with the recommended breastfeeding practices. Complementary feeding was introduced too early in life in several cases. Health care workers should emphasise the importance of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months and the dangers of early complementary feeding. Key words: Exclusive Breast feeding, Nutritional status
Gamificação na Educação: um modelo conceitual de apoio ao planejamento em uma proposta pedagógica

Esse artigo apresenta um modelo conceitual para apoiar o planejamento da gamificacao em uma situacao de aprendizagem considerando aspectos de contexto; objetivos educacionais; habilidades requeridas; comportamentos e interacoes desejados; e estrategias baseadas em objetivos. Sao levantados etapas e elementos fundamentais do processo de gamificacao em modelos existentes para embasar o modelo conceitual proposto.
DalI: An Untyped CBV Operational Semantics and Equational Theoryofr Datatypes with Binders(Technical Development)

This report presents the basic definitions and formal development of DALI, a novel extension of the CBV lambda calculus. DALI is based on a proposal by Miller, and provides an elegant and well-behaved notion of object-variables. The notion is elegant because it avoids any explicit need for "gensym" or "newname" operation that is often needed in such systems.The notion is well-behaved in that it induces a computationally adequate equational theory. Our development follows the one employed in Taha''s thesis for MetaML. The development was easy to adapt, and some of the major lemmas and proofs remained essentially unchanged. This sucess is further evidence o fthe robustness of both the observations of Takahashi on the notion of parallel reduction and the original "standardization" development by Plotkin for the CBV and CBN lambda calculus.