Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BS Deployment Strategy and Energy Efficient BS Switching in Heterogeneous Networks for 5G

Heterogeneous small cell networks have been regarded as a promising approach that can reduce energy consumption in order to increase the overall capacity of the system and meet increasing traffic demand. In a heterogeneous small cell network, by deploying a small cell base station in the service range of the macro BS, the coverage of the existing macro BS can be improved and the capacity of the entire network can be extended. However, cellular network accounts for more than 10% of the total carbon footprint of information and communication technology (ICT) business, and BS accounts for more than 50% in ICT business. Therefore, in this paper, focusing on minimizing power consumption of BS, we provide a survey on BS positioning strategy and BS switching strategy.
Plasmonic Nanoparticle/Polymer Nanocomposites with Enhanced Photocatalytic Antimicrobial Properties

We present a simple method of fabricating highly efficient antibacterial nanocomposite films consisting of a commercially available ethylene−vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) and embedded Ag−TiO2 nanoparticles. These systems display potent antimicrobial activity toward Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria/cocci (Escherichia coli 1337-H; Pseudomonas putida KT2440, Staphylococcus aureus 1341-H), and yeasts (Pichia jadini) and, moreover, show outstanding resistance to biofilm formation. These nanocomposites differ from known and similar TiO2−EVOH systems by the presence of small quantities (in the 10−2 wt. % level) of silver. Through a plasmonic effect, the presence of the noble metal significantly enhances the antimicrobial power of TiO2−EVOH systems upon ultraviolet (UV) light and opens the fruitful use of visible-light excitation sources. A joint UV−visible and photoluminescence optical characterization of the films allows an understanding of the behavior upon both UV and visible light excitations and provi.
The ionic layer is required for efficient dissociation of the SNARE complex by α-SNAP and NSF

The four-helical bundle soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF) attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex that mediates intracellular membrane fusion events contains a highly conserved ionic layer at the center of an otherwise hydrophobic core. This layer has an undetermined function; it consists of glutamine (Q) residues in syntaxin and the two synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) family helices, and an arginine (R) in vesicle-associated membrane protein (a 3Q:1R ratio). Here, we show that the ionic-layer glutamine of syntaxin is required for efficient α-SNAP and NSF-mediated dissociation of the complex. When this residue is mutated, the SNARE complex still binds to α-SNAP and NSF and is released through ATP hydrolysis by NSF, but the complex no longer dissociates into SNARE monomers. Thus, one function of the ionic layer—in particular, the glutamine of syntaxin—is to couple ATP hydrolysis by NSF to the dissociation of the fusion complex. We propose that α-SNAP and NSF drive conformational changes at the ionic layer through specific interactions with the syntaxin glutamine, resulting in the dissociation of the SNARE complex.
A Novel COVID-19 Data Set and an Effective Deep Learning Approach for the De-Identification of Italian Medical Records

In the last years, the need to de-identify privacy-sensitive information within Electronic Health Records (EHRs) has become increasingly felt and extremely relevant to encourage the sharing and publication of their content in accordance with the restrictions imposed by both national and supranational privacy authorities. In the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), several deep learning techniques for Named Entity Recognition (NER) have been applied to face this issue, significantly improving the effectiveness in identifying sensitive information in EHRs written in English. However, the lack of data sets in other languages has strongly limited their applicability and performance evaluation. To this aim, a new de-identification data set in Italian has been developed in this work, starting from the 115 COVID-19 EHRs provided by the Italian Society of Radiology (SIRM): 65 were used for training and development, the remaining 50 were used for testing. The data set was labelled following the guidelines of the i2b2 2014 de-identification track. As additional contribution, combined with the best performing Bi-LSTM + CRF sequence labeling architecture, a stacked word representation form, not yet experimented for the Italian clinical de-identification scenario, has been tested, based both on a contextualized linguistic model to manage word polysemy and its morpho-syntactic variations and on sub-word embeddings to better capture latent syntactic and semantic similarities. Finally, other cutting-edge approaches were compared with the proposed model, which achieved the best performance highlighting the goodness of the promoted approach.
Estimation Method Considering OS Overheads for Embedded Many-Core Platform

Embedded systems such as automotive systems require high computational power and low power consumption. To meet these requirements, many-core processors have attracted attention. Compared with single-core processors, many-core processors can execute multiple processes in parallel, allowing for improved power consumption and performance. Due to their performance, many-core processors can be used in automotive systems which have strict real-time requirements. Therefore, it is important to obtain accurate hardware and software information. In this paper, we propose a method for estimating the execution time of an application supported by MATLAB/Simulink on a many-core platform. The proposed method considers operating system (OS) overheads with a real-time OS and Kalray MPPA-256 cluster structure which contains many-core processors. The effectiveness, and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is more accurate than existing methods.
A Wide-Beamwidth Magneto-Electric Dipole Antenna with Low Cross-Polarization and High Front-to-Back Ratio

A novel magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna is presented in this paper, which owns the characteristics of low cross polarization level and high front-to-back ratio (FBR) for the Sth-generation (5G) indoor communications is described. By dividing the conventional patches into two pairs of rectangle patches and four pieces of parasitic patches, the current which produces cross-polarization can be offset. Furthermore, the vertical fence can effectively widen the beamwidth of antenna. Experiment results demonstrate that a broad frequency bandwidth of 3.3-4.2 GHz (24%) can be achieved for 5G communications. Besides, a cross - polarization level below −20 dB and a FBR level of approximately 26 dB in the operating bands. Noting that a wide beamwidth of 100° for E-plane and H-plane is also obtained.
A Case Study in Twitter Bot Identification: Are They Still a Problem?

Social media is used by billions of people and organisations worldwide for entertainment, advertising, news and many other reasons. It is also often used for gauging public opinion and spreading of information. This information can directly influence public opinion. Unfortunately, the potential for automatically influencing public opinion by potentially nefarious organisations and indeed countries through flooding of posts and tweets is increasingly common and of concern. Bots are often used to automate the sending of this information and potential misinformation. In this paper we explore approaches for bot identification in an automated manner using extensive Twitter collections related to the city of Melbourne. Despite the work of social media platforms such as Twitter in cleaning up the use of their platform and minimizing the widespread use/misuse of bots, we identify that a very small percentage of bots may still be active and must be addressed. (Abstract)
Design of Lane Keeping Assisted System Based on Improved-Predictive Control Algorithm

In recent years, the active safety of automobiles has become a hot spot for experts and consumers. The Lane Keep Assist System(LKAS) is an auxiliary driving system designed for vehicles to deviate from the lane. The system detects the trajectory of the vehicle when the vehicle deviates from the correct road. It reminds the driver to correct the route or automatically adjusts the driving route to avoid the accident. In this paper, the dynamic matrix simplification factor is designed to improve the predictive control algorithm, and the improved predictive controller is used as the adjustment unit. So that the vehicle can return to a safe driving route smoothly. It has a high research value and practical value.
Compact High-Efficient CPS 2.45 GHz Multistage RF-DC Rectifier for Wireless Energy Harvesting

Wireless electromagnetic charging becomes an important useful module for the internet of things (IoT) devices. The majority of commercial applications utilize the wireless radiofrequency (RF) charging in 2.45 GHz band. This frequency band ensures the design compactness of either the antenna or the rectification unit. In this study, a compact RF-DC rectifier operating at 2.45 GHz is investigated. The proposed rectifier employs a coplanar strip line (CPS) configuration and a lumped LC component used for the impedance matching. The CPS architecture is selected so it provides a balanced output DC voltage which is appropriate for directly supplying the CMOS circuitry of the IoT devices. The impedance matching is simply constructed using an L-section of reactive elements. To greatly enhances the output DC voltage, the rectifier is built using multistage voltage-doubler configuration. The performance of the rectifier is evaluated, and the measurements were compared with the simulation results. The rectifier efficiency is estimated over the frequency band from 1.8 to 3 GHz, and it indicates a flat response for the RF-DC efficiency. The peak efficiency of the rectifier reaches up to 53% over the band of interest. This rectifier can find several applications in wireless communication and IoT electronic circuits.
Small UAV-based high resolution SAR using low-cost radar, GNSS/RTK and IMU sensors

This paper describes a small UAV-based SAR using low-cost 5–6 GHz radar, GNSS/RTK and IMU sensors for generation of high-resolution images. Measurements using straight as well as highly curved flight trajectories show range and cross-range lobe widths close to the theoretical resolution limits. An analysis of the improvements given by the use of attitude data is included.
A Fast Response Digital Low-Dropout Regulator Based on Enhanced Analog Assisted Loop

The digital low-dropout (D-LDO) regulator can work effectively in low supply voltage. It is appropriate for the digital circuits due to great process scalability. However, D-LDOs suffer a poor transient response caused by the limited sampling clock and the logic delays. Therefore, the transient performance needs to be improved. One of the solutions is getting rid of the control scheme related to synchronous clock. This paper presents an enhanced analog assisted (E-AA) technique for D-LDOs to reduce the voltage spikes. The proposed technique adds a current buffer (CB) and a switch compensated resistor (SCR) into the conventional passive analog assisted loop. The CB is used to amplify the loop gain. The SCR is used to prevent a second droop of output voltage during recovery. The simulation results show that a maximum voltage undershoot is 16.4 mV with a 5 mA/3.8 ns load step and a total capacitor is only 52 pF. Thus, the resulting figure-of-merit (FoM) is 0.41 ps.
A 1.5 – 40 GHz FMCW Radar Receiver Front-End

This work presents an ultra-wideband receiver front-end, designed for a reconfigurable frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. A variety of innovative circuit components and design techniques were employed to achieve the ultra-wide bandwidth, low noise figure, good linearity and circuit ruggedness to high input power levels. The designed front-end is capable of achieving 1.5 – 40 GHz bandwidth, 30 dB conversion gain, a double sideband noise figure of 6 – 10.7 dB, input return loss better than 7.5 dB and an input referred 1 dB compression point of −23 dBm. The front-end withstands continuous wave power levels of at least 25 dBm and 20 dBm at low band and high band inputs respectively. The DC power is supplied from a 3 V power source and the consumption is 302 mW when the low band is active and 352 mW for the high band case.
An Interface for Shock Inputs in Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting using Synchronous Electric Charge Extraction

The design and implementation of a synchronous electric charge extraction (SECE) interface that is optimized in handling shock inputs for piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH) is presented in this paper. The electrical efficiency of the system over time is analyzed across different amounts of shock inputs of the PEH. To improve the efficiency of the interface circuit, control signals are adjusted so that harvesting times are optimized based on the remaining energy in the shock input and on the system's power consumption. The average power consumption of the system is around 1. 81µW. Overall, the interface circuit achieves at least 82.53 % harvesting efficiency by setting the count of harvesting cycles depending on the characteristics of the shock input.
Uplink non-orthogonal multiple access protocol in two-way relaying networks: realistic operation and performance analysis

In this paper, we study a two-way non-orthogonal multiple access cooperative schemes with two sources and the aid of a decode-and-forward relay under the overall effects of perfect/imperfect successive interference cancellation and perfect/imperfect channel state information. In this scheme, the digital network coding technique is used at the relay to decrypt sequentially the received data from sources, then encode these data by the XOR operation and transmit back to the sources. System performance in terms of outage probabilities and throughput is analyzed by exact and asymptotic closed-form expressions. Besides, the proposed protocol performance is compared to the performance of a conventional two-way scheme. The Monte Carlo simulation results evidence the validity of the analysis expressions.
A Method based on Spatial and Temporal Multi Grained Information for Gait Recognition

Gait recognition is one of the new biometric techniques. However, gait recognition is easily affected by external factors, resulting in a decrease in the accuracy. Therefore, this paper proposes a gait recognition method based on spatial and temporal multi grained information. This method uses hierarchical network to obtain different receptive fields, focusing on both shallow and deep features of gait. In addition, more spatial and temporal information can be saved to improve the accuracy of gait recognition. Finally, the proposed method is experimentally verified on the CASIA-B dataset. the experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed method is greatly improved under normal walking, carrying bags and wearing coats.
Novel SPR biosensor with Simple PCF Structure of Hexagonal Lattice Operating in Near-IR

A hexagonal lattice birefringent photonic crystal fiber biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance principle has been offered in this paper. Regarding efficient fabrication aspects, simpler unpolished external sensing style has been selected and implemented for unknown refractive index detection. Numerical analysis of operational variables has been executed using the finite element method (FEM). With silica as the core material, indium tin oxide (ITO) is employed to stage the plasmonic interactions against the analyte. The working window is tuned around telecommunication frequencies. Within this comfortable window, this sensor demonstrates maximum sensitivities of 10000 nm/RIU and 541 $\mathrm{R}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{U}^{-1}$ for dynamic index range 1.33-1.37 in spectral and amplitude interrogations respectively. It has also been addressed that let alone the intrinsic tuning, sensitivity as high as 16900 nm/RIU is achievable in longer wavelength region by sheer thickness modification of ITO.
High-Performance Compact Reflection-Type Phase Shifter operating at 2 GHz Using a Transdirectional Coupler

In this paper, a compact and high-performance Reflection-Type Phase Shifter operating around 2 GHz is proposed. It is realized in standard PCB technology by using a very compact transdirectional coupler and simple tunable reflection loads. The circuit size is equal to 0.29 • 0.1$\lambda _g^2$. This small size is achieved without sacrificing performance; the figure of merit, given by the ratio of the maximum phase shift divided by the maximum insertion loss reaches 169°/dB at 2.15 GHz, which is comparable to the average performance published in the literature. The demonstrated small size paves the way for the realization of very compact RF feeding networks for phased arrays.
Co-Active: A Workload-Aware Collaborative Cache Management Scheme for NVMe SSDs

When it comes to NAND Flash-based solid-state disks (SSDs), cache can narrow the performance gap between user-level I/Os and flash memory. Cache management schemes impose relentless impacts on the endurance and performance of flash memory. A vast majority of existing cache management techniques adopt a passive data-update style (e.g., GCaR, LCR), thereby undermining response times in burst I/O requests-based applications11.Burst I/O requests must be served in a real-time manner. This type of I/O access pattern is prevalent in data-intensive workloads. To address this issue, we propose a collaborative active write-back cache management scheme, called Co-Active, customized for I/O access patterns and the usage status of a flash chip. We design a hot/cold separation module to determine whether data is cold or hot in workload. When a flash chip is idle, cold and dirty data in the cache is flushed into the idle flash chip to produce clean data. To curtail cache replacement cost, clean data are preferentially evicted amid the procedure of cache replacement. A maximum write-back threshold is configured according to the level of burst I/O requests in workload. This threshold is intended to avert redundant write I/Os flushing into flash memory, thereby boosting the endurance of flash memory. The experiments are conducted to validate the advantages of Co-Active in terms of average response time, write amplification, and erase count. The findings unveil that compared with the six popular cache management schemes (LRU, CFLRU, GCaR_CFLRU, LCR, and MQSim), Co-Active (1) slashes the average response time by up to 83.89 percent with an average of 32.7 percent; (2) drives up the performance cliff degree by up to 76.4 percent with an average of 42.3 percent; and (3) improves write amplification rate by up to 60.5 percent with an average of 5.4 percent.
Polarization Decoding Algorithm Based on Convolutional Neural Network

In order to solve the problem that the existing Polar code decoding algorithm based on neural network can only decode short codewords (codewords length $N\leq 64$), a new decoding algorithm using convolution neural network for long codewords $(N\geq 512)$ was put forward. Instead of using a fixed drawn from the data sample proportion as training set and test set, the neural network parameters epoch and batch were used to control the neural network input, and the data explosion problem caused by the long codewords was solved. In addition, the influence of batch and epoch parameters on the decoding performance of convolution neural network was explored and the performance difference of neural network using different activation functions were investigated. Simulation results show that with the traditional SCL (successive cancellation list, L=2) decoding algorithm, convolution neural network in low signal-to-noise ratio on the performance is better than that of SCL (L=2), in high signal-to-noise ratio and SCL (L=2) algorithm of similar performance, and the larger the training data set, the better the decoding performance of neural network.
Low Power Spiking Neural Network Circuit with Compact Synapse and Neuron Cells

Spiking neural networks performs efficient learning and recognition tasks by mimicking the neural biology of human brain. To realize a large-scale network on chip for mobile applications an area and power optimized electronic neuron along with synapse is essential. In this paper we present an analog CMOS based implementation of neuron and synapse circuits realized using 180nm process. The neurons integrate input currents from the synapse inputs and generate a spike output event based on the membrane potential. The proposed circuits have been optimized for area and power consumption and therefore can be used as key components to form a large spiking neural network.
Wideband Circularly Polarized Split Patch Antenna Loaded With Suspended Rods

A novel single-fed wideband circularly polarized (CP) split patch antenna with two suspended metal rods is proposed in this letter. The proposed antenna has two semi-circular patches with a suspended metal rod loaded on each patch. The antenna is fed by a coupling slot and a hammer-headed microstrip line on the opposite side. Two inclined semicircular patches are combined with slot to form a CP radiation at low-frequencies band; furthermore, two suspended metal columns form a loop-type antenna at high-frequency band, which are combined with the slot forming another CP resonance point. The combination of these two CP resonance points broadens the CP bandwidth which is indicated by the AR curve. The proposed antenna has a simulated 3 dB AR bandwidth of 22.58% (4.87–6.11 GHz) and a wide −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 48.75% (3.8–6.25 GHz). The overall electrical size of the antenna including the ground is 0.46 × 0.46 × 0.154 λ03 (with λ0 being the free-space wavelength at 5 GHz). The measured peak gain of the antenna is greater than 8 dBic from 5 to 6 GHz. A 2 × 2 antenna array based on the proposed antenna element is also implemented and experimentally verified. The 2 × 2 array has a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 49.7% (4.02–6.68 GHz). This proposed antenna and its array exhibit a very novel structure and an interesting working principle while demonstrating excellent CP radiation performance. They could be applied in various 5G or other communication systems, which require CP radiation.
Online Multi-cascade DC Converter Impedance Measurement Method Based on Multi-sine Signal Injection

Impedance characteristics of DC converters in multi-cascaded system are important parameters for the stability analysis of multi-cascaded system. Since the impedance characteristics usually vary over time with operation conditions, therefore, online impedance measurement of multi-cascaded DC converter is required for the adaptively adjustment for the stability of multi-cascaded system. However single disturbance source is adopted in existing methods for online impedance measurement, which requires multiple disturbance signal injection while obtaining the impedance characteristics of multi-cascaded DC converters. In order to realize the rapid online measurement of DC converters, a multiple disturbance sources online measurement method based on multi-sine signal injection is proposed. The design method of frequency, amplitude and phases of each component in multi-sine signal is proposed in order to obtain accuracy measurement results. At last, simulation is conducted to verify the effectiveness of proposed method.
A Design of 5.8GHz Tunable Band Noise Cancelling CMOS LNA for DSRC Communications

This article presents about 5.8GHz noise cancelling CMOS LNA for DSRC communication. The LNA is designed with differential output with balun architecture and resistive-feedback noise cancelling technique. Tunable load capacitor bank achieves wideband input matching and gain selection. The LNA is implemented in 130nm CMOS technology and achieves a simulated gain of 24.2dB and PldB of -13.46dB and noise figure(NF) of 2.74dB at center frequency. The power consumption is 10.51mW at 1.2V power supply. The chip area is 509×559µm2