Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Universal linguistic hierarchies are not innately wired. Evidence from multiple adjectives

Background Linguists and psychologists have explained the remarkable similarities in the orderings of linguistic elements across languages by suggesting that our inborn ability for language makes available certain innately wired primitives. Different types of adjectives, adverbs, and other elements in the functional spine are considered to occupy fixed positions via innate hierarchies that determine orderings such as A>B>C, banning other permutations (*B>C>A). The goal of this research is to tap into the nature and rigidity of such hierarchies by comparing what happens when people process orderings that either comply with them or violate them. Method N = 170 neurotypical, adult speakers completed a timed forced choice task that featured stimuli showing a combination of two adjectives and a Spelke-object (e.g., ‘I bought a square black table’). Two types of responses were collected: (i) acceptability judgments on a 3-point Likert scale that featured the options ‘correct’, ‘neither correct nor wrong’, and ‘wrong’ and (ii) reaction times. The task featured three conditions: 1. size adjective > nationality adjective, 2. color adjective > shape adjective, 3. subjective comment adjective > material adjective. Each condition had two orders. In the congruent order, the adjective pair was ordered in agreement with what is traditionally accepted as dictated by the universal hierarchy. In the incongruent order, the ordering was reversed, thus the hierarchy was violated. Results In the first experiment, the results of n = 140 monolinguals showed that across conditions, both congruent and incongruent orders were generally accepted as correct. For 2/3 conditions, the difference in acceptability ratings between congruent and incongruent orders did not reach statistical significance. Using time as a window to processing, reaction times showed that incongruent orders do not take longer to process than congruent ones, as should be the case if the former were treated as being licensed under some type of special condition (e.g., contrastive focus) that reverses the unmarked order and legitimizes the violation of the hierarchy. In the second experiment, the results of n = 30 bidialectals, tested in both language varieties, corroborated the findings of the first experiment. Conclusions Our findings do not provide evidence for an innate hierarchy for adjective ordering that imposes one rigid, unmarked order. We discuss the importance of notions such as subjectivity and inherentness, and show that for some conditions, not only is there no evidence for a hard constraint that bans incongruent orders, but even simple preferences of congruent orders over incongruent ones are hard to discern. Capturing the bigger picture, given that both the hierarchies and their legit permutations have been described as innate, our results reduce the amount of primitives that are cast as innate, eventually offering a deflationist approach to human linguistic cognition.
An ESCRT-LEM protein surveillance system is poised to directly monitor the nuclear envelope and nuclear transport system

The integrity of the nuclear membranes coupled to the selective barrier of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are essential for the segregation of nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. Mechanical membrane disruption or perturbation to NPC assembly triggers an ESCRT-dependent surveillance system that seals nuclear pores: how these pores are sensed and sealed is ill defined. Using a budding yeast model, we show that the ESCRT Chm7 and the integral inner nuclear membrane (INM) protein Heh1 are spatially segregated by nuclear transport, with Chm7 being actively exported by Xpo1/Crm1. Thus, the exposure of the INM triggers surveillance with Heh1 locally activating Chm7. Sites of Chm7 hyperactivation show fenestrated sheets at the INM and potential membrane delivery at sites of nuclear envelope herniation. Our data suggest that perturbation to the nuclear envelope barrier would lead to local nuclear membrane remodeling to promote membrane sealing. Our findings have implications for disease mechanisms linked to NPC assembly and nuclear envelope integrity.
Surrogate Data Preserving All the Properties of Ordinal Patterns up to a Certain Length

We propose a method for generating surrogate data that preserves all the properties of ordinal patterns up to a certain length, such as the numbers of allowed/forbidden ordinal patterns and transition likelihoods from ordinal patterns into others. The null hypothesis is that the details of the underlying dynamics do not matter beyond the refinements of ordinal patterns finer than a predefined length. The proposed surrogate data help construct a test of determinism that is free from the common linearity assumption for a null-hypothesis.
Stochastic lightcuts

We introduce stochastic lightcuts by combining the lighting approximation of lightcuts with stochastic sampling for efficiently rendering scenes with a large number of light sources. Our stochastic lightcuts method entirely eliminates the sampling correlation of lightcuts and replaces it with noise. To minimize this noise, we present a robust hierarchical sampling strategy, combining the benefits of importance sampling, adaptive sampling, and stratified sampling. Our approach also provides temporally stable results and lifts any restrictions on the light types that can be approximated with lightcuts. We present examples of using stochastic lightcuts with path tracing as well as indirect illumination with virtual lights, achieving more than an order of magnitude faster render times than lightcuts by effectively approximating direct illumination using a small number of light samples, in addition to providing temporal stability. Our comparisons to other stochastic sampling techniques demonstrate that we provide superior sampling quality that matches and improves the excellent convergence rates of the lightcuts approach.
Current understanding of diabetes mellitus-induced lower urinary tract dysfunction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is slowly emerging as an epidemic in India, afflicting majority of the population, thus having serious public health consequences. DM usually inflicts major insult to almost all organ systems of the body, including the urinary tract. However, there is a dearth of literature on potential hazardous effects of DM on the urinary tract in a particular population. Considering its negative impact on the quality of life, particularly among the growing elderly population in India, we performed literature search through PubMed and unbound Medline database using the terms “diabetic cystopathy,” “diabetic complication urinary tract,” “diabetic urethropathy,” and “diabetic bladder dysfunction” to study the current understanding on the pathophysiology of diabetes induced on the lower urinary tract dysfunction. All the literature based on DM relevant to lower urinary tract dysfunction were studied, and a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetes induced on the lower urinary tract dysfunction is provided. These results will facilitate the future directions for research and clinical care of patients with DM-induced lower urinary tract dysfunction. In conclusion, the long-term hyperglycemic state may result in structural and functional changes in urinary bladder and urethra, contributing to deterioration of lower urinary tract coordinated function.
Close association between carotid and coronary atherosclerosis analyzed through SYNTAX score

AIM: This study analyzed the association between carotid and coronary atherosclerosis, particularly in terms of the severity as well as the extension of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have recruited a consecutive series of 478 patients (admitted to the Cardiology Unit of University Hospital Paolo Giaccone during 2004–2014). These patients underwent both carotid Doppler ultrasound and coronary angiography. Sex, age, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors were considered. The SYNTAX score was used to grade the complexity of coronary disease. RESULTS: The present study revealed a clear association between carotid atherosclerosis and coronary disease: 68.2% of the examined population showed atherosclerosis in both carotid and coronary arteries. The absence of carotid atherosclerosis was predominantly associated with angiographically normal coronary arteries (37.6%) rather than a single-vessel disease (22.8%), a two-vessel disease (21.8%), or a three-vessel disease (17.8%). When carotid atherosclerosis was present, a normal coronary angiography was uncommon (13.5%), while the detection of a single-vessel disease was more frequent (17.2%), a two-vessel disease was even more frequent (27.6%), and the highest rate described was related to a three-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) (41.6%). The thickness of the carotid lesion was directly proportional to the number of diseased coronary vessels, and it was also related to the severity of coronary involvement measured by the SYNTAX score. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown a strong correlation between carotid atherosclerosis and CAD, in terms of extension, and most importantly, severity. It is fundamental to consider a systemic approach to atherosclerosis to obtain an adequate stratification of patients with cardiovascular risk factors and an appropriate therapeutic management and reduce the incidence of adverse events, improving the quality of life and prolonging survival.
Integration of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Distress Screening Tool as a Guidepost for Telephonic Oncology Case Management

Purpose of Study: Cigna's oncology case management programs identified the opportunity for case managers to integrate distress screening as recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) in oncology populations. Our purpose in conducting this study was to quantify oncology case management program improvements as a result of using the NCCN Distress Screening Tool to guide telephonic case management. The program improvements we measured comprised more efficient identification of biopsychosocial problems and appropriate resource referrals. Primary Practice Setting: Case managers in a large commercial health plan piloted integration of distress screening into telephonic case management among U.S. oncology customers experiencing a new diagnosis or care transition from September 2016 to April 2017. Methodology and Sample: A retrospective, matched case–control study was conducted among Cigna customers eligible for oncology case management. The pilot group of 317 received distress screening early in the oncology case management assessment. Outcomes included distress severity ranging from 0 to 10 (where 0 = no distress, 1–3 = mild, 4–7 = moderate, and 8–10 = severe), identification and number of biopsychosocial health problems, and percentage of direct resource referrals by case managers to supportive services. Results: More than half (54%) of the screened customers reported mild or greater distress, and there was a strong correlation between degree of distress and average numbers of biopsychosocial health problems or direct resource referrals. Screened customers were 16% more likely to be referred to internal and external resources than customers not screened with the tool (66% vs. 50%, &khgr;2p < .001). Implications for Case Management Practice: This study advances evidence-based oncology case management practice during care transitions by providing quantitative evidence for the utility of integrating the NCCN Distress Screening Tool into telephonic oncology case management. Using the tool (thermometer and problem list) to guide telephonic oncology case management and care coordination facilitated more tailored referrals to individuals with cancer enrolled in a large commercial health plan. On the basis of our findings, we integrated distress screening to address unmet biopsychosocial needs in patients with cancer.
Treatment of scoliosis in osteogenesis imperfecta: Experience at a single institution

Background: Spinal deformities are frequently seen in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). We investigated contemporary spinal fusion techniques including pedicle screw fixation with or without cement augmentation in OI patients with scoliosis. Materials and Methods: OI patients with posterior-only scoliosis surgery were reviewed retrospectively (2005–2017). Preoperative and postoperative clinical status was compared. The radiographic review included pelvic obliquity, major curve magnitude, coronal balance, apical vertebral translation (AVT), lowest instrumented vertebrae (LIV) tilt angle, proximal and distal junctional angle, T1–S1 distance, and T1-pelvic angle. Results: Sixteen patients were included in the study. The mean age at surgery was 14 years (range, 6–19). The average follow-up period was 80 ± 40 months (range, 24–148). Mean preoperative curve magnitude of 76° ± 19° was significantly larger than the initial (31° ± 16°) and final (32° ± 17°) postoperative curve magnitudes (58% correction; P < 0.001). Mean preoperative AVT and LIV tilt angle were significantly higher than the initial and final postoperative measurements (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). There was no difference between the measurements of coronal balance, pelvic obliquity, and T1–S1 distance among the preoperative, initial postoperative, and final follow-up measurements (P = 0.479, P= 0.125, and P= 0.05, respectively). There was no proximal junctional failure but one distal junctional failure led to revision surgery. Ambulatory status was unchanged in all patients, but an improvement in subjective self-reported clinical complaints was observed. Conclusion: Pedicle screw instrumentation with or without cement augmentation provided stability with few complications and improved clinical outcomes. Although preoperative activity level did not change compared with postoperative activity, there was an improvement in self-reported clinical complaints.
Prevention of recurrent deep-vein thrombosis

The aim of this review is to outline recent randomized controlled trials and strategies that have tested various methods that aim to reduce the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) after the completion of anticoagulant therapy. Aspirin reduced VTE recurrence by approximately 30% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.51–0.90) without any increase in bleeding. Dabigatran was effective in reducing VTE (HR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02–0.25) but carried a lower risk of major or nonmajor clinically relevant bleeding than warfarin but a higher risk than placebo: 5.3% in the dabigatran group and 1.8% in the placebo group (HR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.52–5.60). Rivaroxaban was effective in reducing VTE (HR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.09–0.39) but carried a higher risk of major or nonmajor clinically relevant bleeding than placebo: 6.0% in the rivaroxaban group and 1.2% in the placebo group (HR, 5.19; 95% CI, 2.3–11.7). Apixaban at either treatment dose (5 mg) or a thromboprophylactic dose (2.5 mg) reduced the risk of recurrent VTE from 8.8% in the placebo group to 1.7% in the apixaban group (Relative risk reduction of 81%) (P < 0.001%) without increasing the rate of major bleeding. Sulodexide reduced the risk of recurrence (HR, 0.49; 95% CI 0.27–0.92), without any increase in bleeding risk. Residual thrombus and elevated D-dimer are markers for increased risk of recurrence. Their presence when combined with other risk factors enables one to stratify patients into high, intermediate, or low risk of recurrence of VTE. Other markers enable one to stratify patients into high, intermediate, and low risk for bleeding. On the basis of the balance of risks for recurrence and bleeding, one can advise patients on the need for secondary prevention and the most suitable medication.
Validation of a Self-reported Food Frequency for Overweight and Obese Children, Using Parental 3-Day Food Records

Background:Many studies derive dietary information from child self-reported Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs). This may be subjected to misreporting, especially among overweight and obese children. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the validity of data acquired from child-reported dietary intake using a semiquantitative FFQ developed for assessing dietary habits of overweight and obese children in Greece, using parental 3-day food records of child intakes. Methods: Validation analysis was based on 106 (from total 115) children (41% boys and 59% girls). Children were asked to report the frequency of their dietary intake, using the FFQ provided. Parents were asked to keep a 3-day food record for their children’s intake. Correlations and significance between methods were assessed via Spearman correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon nonparametric pairwise comparisons, respectively. Agreement between the FFQ and the 3-day recordwas performedusing Bland-Altmanmethod. Results: Significant correlations, ranging from 0.32 to 1 (all P G .05), were observed between food consumption reported in the FFQ and recorded in the 3-day dietary record. High correlation was found for fruits (Q = 0.988), vegetables (Q = 0.985), dairy (Q = 0.702), meat (Q = 0.958), fish (Q = 0.841), starchy foods (Q = 0.793), sweets (Q = 1), and beverages (Q = 0.978). Medium correlation was observed only between the consumption of legumes (Q = 0.329). No significant differences were foundbetween reported FFQand3-day dietary record for most food groups and beverages examined. Mean intake agreementwas ranged from90.6% to98.1% (Bland-Altman). Conclusions: The FFQ used appears to be a valid tool for investigating dietary intake of food among overweight and obese children. Nutr Today. 2019;54(4):151Y158
Deep neural nets based power amplifier non-linear pre-distortion

This paper proposed a novel method based on deep neural networks (auto-encoder) model, to construct the pre-distortion model for non-linear feature of power amplifier. As auto-encoder nets are high non-linear function, with the optimization of object function to tune the weights, the nets can reach any non-linear model. For widely used power amplifier, this method can help setting the pre-distortion model. In this paper, deep (more layers) network structure have been adopted in the auto-encoder model. The experimental results show the effectiveness and efficiency of deep neural network based power amplifier non-linear pre-distortion technique.
Sentiment Analysis based on Specific Dictionary and Sentence Analysis

Objective or negative. In this work, we apply a simple method to adapt a general purpose polarity lexicon to a specific domain. We propose and evaluate new features to be used in a word polarity based approach to sentiment classification. We consider different aspects of sentences, such as length, purity and position within the opinionated text. This analysis is then used to find sentences that may convey better information about the overall review polarity. We use a subset of hotel reviews from the TripAdvisor database to evaluate the effect of sentence-level features on sentiment classification. Then, we measure the performance of our sentiment analysis engine using the domainadapted lexicon on a large subset of the TripAdvisor database.
The role of perspectives in various forms of language use

Abstract The present paper aims to differentiate various social forms of language use such as communicative, informative, and manipulative ones on the basis of speakers’ and hearers’ intentions, which are assumed to be involved in the intentional viewpoint of their perspectives. The paper analyzes how speakers can realize their intentions through their perspectives and what perspectives speakers intend to develop in their partners of verbal interactions in various forms of language use as well as how partners in verbal interactions of these social forms of language use can infer the speakers’ intentions evaluating and taking speakers’ perspectives on the basis of indicators provided by speakers and according to their own perspectives. The analyses presented in the paper have shown that the success of informative, communicative, and manipulative forms of language use seems to be partly predicted according to what extent the speakers’ and hearers’ perspectives coincide or differ from each other.
Desain Sistem Interkoneksi pada Arsitektur Komputasi Cluster

Architectural computation cluster is built on an integrative management and control over all applications and resources in one computational system. It is supported by the demand of good performance and vast media storage available in computer for quick-handling computation. The resources needed are hardware, operating system and communication software determined by the purpose of cluster building, compatibility, performance needed by the users and communication software like Message Passing Interface. MPI works using flat tree algorithm allowing nonblocking in message sending mechanism that enable one transmission for all messages in root to all the destinations set. It gives high speed internal communication working on parallel and super computers.
Effective Usage of Implementing ICT in Small- and Mediumsized Enterprises1

The goal of this scientific paper is to investigate specifications of SME in ICT implementation and to identify processes in smalland medium-sized enterprises with concentration on their ICT departments according to the used methodologies. To narrow down the feasibility of using information and communication technologies in SME and to define how the process documentation can help these companies to properly select and subsequently effectively implement ICT.
Standard-Setters Versus Big4 Opinion, Concerning Iasb Revision Project of the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting. the Case of Presentation and Disclosures Chapter

Abstract On the last decades the accounting system haven‘t been able to follow the dynamics of the economic systems generated by the globalization process. In order to reduce the lag between the demand of financial information and the offer of financial information, IASB has started numerous initiatives aiming the increase on the quality of the financial information. Among the current list of current IASB major projects there is also the project of revising the actual conceptual framework for financial reporting. This study is designed to give some directions that will be considered on the exposure draft of this project, analyzing the comment letters submitted by the members of ASAF and the Big4 as well. The study reveals the increasing importance the preparers and users give to the disclosures included on the notes to the primary financial statements. Moreover, on this study we emphasize several challenges that IASB has to face on issuing the exposure draft for this important project. Some of the main challenges refer to the narrow scope of the financial statements, the criteria used on classification, aggregation and offsetting, or the use of the materiality concept
Informativity affects consonant duration and deletion rates

Abstract The duration and occasional deletion rate of consonants differ from one language to another. What causes a language to preserve and lengthen some consonants but shorten and delete others? I show that the typology of consonant duration and occasional deletion in American English is affected by consonants’ informativity – their average local predictability. Informativity can explain why usually-predictable segments such as American English /t/ are likely to be reduced even when they are locally unpredictable, but usually-predictable segments are preserved even when they are redundant. I use four corpus studies to demonstrate that higher informativity leads to longer duration and reduced likelihood to delete even when other important factors such as the phonetic features, frequency, and local predictability of consonants are controlled for. The role of informativity in the duration and deletion rates of consonants can bridge the gap between phonetic performance and the actuation of phonological processes.