Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae – I. Physical, kinematic and excitation properties

Though the small-scale, low-ionization knots, filaments and jets (LISs) of planetary nebulae (PNe) are known for ~30yr, some of their observational properties are not well established. In consequence our ability to include them in the wider context of the formation and evolution of PNe is directly affected. Why most structures have lower densities than the PN shells hosting them? Is their intense emission in low-ionization lines the key to their main excitation mechanism? Therefore, if considered altogether, can LISs line ratios, chemical abundances and kinematics enlighten the interplay between the different excitation and formation processes? Here we present a spectroscopic analysis of five PNe that possess LISs confirming that all nebular components have comparable electron temperatures, whereas the electron density is systematically lower in LISs than in the surrounding nebula. Chemical abundances of LISs versus other PN components do not show significant differences as well. By using diagnostic diagrams from shock models, we demonstrate that LISs' main excitation is due to shocks, whereas the other components are mainly photo-ionized. We also propose new diagnostic diagrams involving a few emission lines ([NII], [OIII], [SII]) and $\rm{log}$(f$_{shocks}$/f$_{\star}$), where f$_{shocks}$ and f$_{\star}$ are the ionization photon fluxes due to the shocks and the central star ionizing continuum, respectively. A robust relation differentiating the structures is found, with the shock-excited clearly having $\rm{log}$(f$_{shocks}$/f$_{\star}$)$>$-1; while the photo-ionized show $\rm{log}$(f$_{shocks}$/f$_{\star}$)$<$-2. A transition zone, with -2$<\rm{log}$(f$_{shocks}$/f$_{\star}$)$<$-1 where both mechanisms are equally important, is also defined.
MIMOChannel Model with PropagationMechanism and the Properties of Correlation and Eigenvalue inMobile Environments

This paper described a spatial correlation and eigenvalue in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel. A MIMO channel model with a multipath propagation mechanism was proposed and showed the channel matrix. The spatial correlation coefficient formula ρi− j,i′− j′(bm) between MIMO channel matrix elements was derived for the model and was expressed as a directive wave term added to the product of mobile site correlation ρi−i′ (m) and base site correlation ρj− j′(b) without LOS path, which are calculated independently of each other. By using ρi− j,i′− j′ (bm), it is possible to create the channel matrix element with a fixed correlation value estimated by ρi− j,i′− j′(bm) for a given multipath condition and a given antenna configuration. Furthermore, the correlation and the channel matrix eigenvalue were simulated, and the simulated and theoretical correlation values agreed well. The simulated eigenvalue showed that the average of the first eigenvalue λ1 hardly depends on the correlation ρi− j,i′− j′(bm), but the others do depend on ρi− j,i′− j′(bm) and approach λ1 as ρi− j,i′− j′ (bm) decreases. Moreover, as the path moves into LOS, the λ1 state with mobile movement becomes more stable than the λ1 of NLOS path.
Increasing Effectiveness of IDS to Improve Security in Intranet

Today Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are becoming one of the most important tools for intranet security. Research regarding Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) has become more active with the recent increases in illegal accesses to computer systems. Many researchers focus only on the techniques or mechanisms for detecting intrusions automatically, without considering the security of IDSs themselves. When an intruder attacks and breaks into a system, he or she often deletes system logs and stops auditing processes. Thus, the security of an intrusion detection system is an important aspect of intrusion detection. This study explores the methods for increasing effectiveness in configurations of an IDS for obtaining maximum effects in security in an intranet. We also discuss the hurdles that have blocked successful measurements in this area and present suggestions for improving effectiveness of an IDS.
Short Corn Rotations Do Not Improve Soil Quality, Compared with Corn Monocultures

Short-duration summer annual crop rotations are widely used in the Midwest, but their long-term impact on soil quality has not been thoroughly examined. Our goal was to compare soil properties under long-term use of the most common crop rotations around Illinois, and to identify soil quality indicators for rotations in the state. Crop rotations of continuous corn (Zea mays L.) (CCC), corn–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] (CS), and corn–corn–soybean (CCS) were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three or four replications at each of six locations, with all phases present each year for 12 yr. We measured 21 soil properties on the surface soil and 18 properties at four successive depths, rendering a total of 126 and 504 observations available for the multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analyses (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) in both data sets. We found that our discriminant rules based on the measured soil properties correctly identified the location of origin of the soil samples in 98% of cases, representing <2% error rates for the cross-validation results at each location. Crop rotations, on the other hand, did not affect any of the soil properties evaluated, results further confirmed by our CDA analyses that showed high error rates for classification. Though these short corn rotations make economic sense, they behave similarly to corn monocultures from the soil quality standpoint, compromising the sustainability of our current agricultural systems and highlighting the need to increase temporal and spatial diversification.
Propagation Modeling of Point Source Excited Magnetoinductive Waves Based on a New Plane Wave Expansion Approach

The signal fading in wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs), which is caused by lossy media such as soil and sand, can be reduced by applying technology of magnetoinductive (MI) propagation. This technology can effectively establish a communication at very low frequency (VLF). In contrast to the previous studies in the literature, which mostly focus on the propagation of plane waves, we propose a new approach based on the plane wave expansion (PWE) to model the near field MI waves. The proposed approach is based on excitation of a point source, which is a common case in a practical WUSN. The frequent usage of square lattice MI structure is investigated. To verify the mathematical derivation, the simulation of time domain based on the fourth-order Runge-Kutta (RK) method is carried out. Simulation results show that the new model can provide a precise prediction to the MI wave’s propagation, with the computation load being one-tenth of that of the time domain simulation. The characteristics of the propagation of the MI waves are presented and discussed. Finally, the reflection on the edge of the MI structure is reduced by analysing the terminal matching conditions and calculating a method for matching impedances.
Theta lifts of strongly positive discrete series: [2pt] the case of (Sp(n),O(V ))

Let F denote a non-archimedean local field of characteristic zero with odd residual characteristic. Using the results of Gan and Savin, in this paper we determine the first occurrence indices and theta lifts of strongly positive discrete series representations of metaplectic groups over F in terms of our recent classification of this class of representations. Also, we determine the first occurrence indices of some strongly positive representations of odd orthogonal groups.
A Novel Multi-State Integrated RF MEMS Switch for Reconfigurable Antennas Applications

A novel multi-state RF MEMS switch for microstrip antenna applications is presented. The proposed switch exhibits seven difierent states of operation, has a very simple DC biasing mechanism, and can be integrated with antenna structure. Based on these properties, this switch may flnd its usage in multifunction reconflgurable antennas. To exhibit this application, it is employed in the reconflguration mechanism of a U-slotted antenna. In difierent states of the switch, the antenna resonates at difierent frequencies. All the standard frequency bands of the wireless communication services with some additional frequency bands is covered with this reconflgurable U-slotted antenna. Moreover, the proposed antenna structure is a cost-efiective solution since it comprises a commonly used FR4 substrate. The switch is integrated with antenna structure on the same substrate. A prototype of the designed antenna was fabricated and tested for performance veriflcation of the proposed switch and antenna.
Photoprotection of Cotton in the Field

This chapter focuses on the mechanisms by which cotton leaves regulate and use incident light and dissipate the excess light energy when cotton suffers from drought in the field. The photoprotection of non-foliar organs, including bract, capsule wall and stem, will also be considered. This chapter includes a general description of photoprotection from the perspective of leaf movement, drought and non-foliar organs. Leaf diaheliotropic movement and wilting movement can regulate the excess light energy of the photosynthetic apparatus. Besides non-photochemical (heat) energy dissipation, the alternative electron sinks for the electron transport chains are of vital importance for resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus against excess light energy under drought. Thus, the functioning of both photosystem II (PSII) and the photosynthetic electron transport systems of cotton leaves shows a relatively high stability. Compared with leaf, bract mainly relies on high activities of thermal energy dissipation for photoprotection. Nevertheless, capsule wall of bolls is less able to dissipate energy via heat.
Influence of phosphate bio-fertilizer on quantity and quality features of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.).

The present investigation was conducted to study the effect of bio-fertilizer (Barvar-2) and phosphorus on quantity and quality characteristics of marigold ( Tagetes erecta L.). A factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with four replications was carried out with two factors including methods of bio-fertilizer (Barvar-2) application (without bio-fertilizer inoculation, seed inoculation, root inoculation and seed plus root inoculation), and different levels of chemical phosphorus (100, 200, 300 and 400 mg l -1 ). In the present study, plant height, the number of leaf per plant, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry matter percentage, the content of total phosphorus of cultivation media and shoot and flower diameter were measured. Results revealed that the application of bio-fertilizer and phosphorus was significant on most characters in 1% probability level. The interaction effect of biofertilizer and phosphorus was not significant on studied characters except for total shoot phosphorus and the number of leaf per plant. The best plant height (26.87 cm), the number of leaf per plant (56.27), flower diameter (84.420 mm), shoot fresh weight (19.94 g) and total shoot phosphorus (0.353%) was obtained under inoculation of seeds and roots with bio-fertilizer × 400 mg l -1 phosphorus. Maximum of shoot dry matter (19.86%) and total medium phosphorus (0.235%) was calculated in treatments of 200 mg l -1 phosphorus without bio-fertilizer inoculation and 200 mg l -1 phosphorus with seed inoculation, respectively.
Identification of Interaction of Proteins LRP1 and NYGGF4 in AlzheimerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s Disease using Computational Tools

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a widespread functional disturbance of the human brain. It may be caused by the deposition of amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ) in plaques in brain tissue. In AD, there is the formation of neurofibrillary tangles containing tau protein, which is proposed to result from an imbalance between the production and clearance of amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ). The degradation and production of Aβ is significantly regulated by low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein, LRP1, which is a large endocytic receptor. The LRP1 is known to regulate this function by interacting with a novel and specific interactor, NYGGF4 (phosphotyrosine interaction domain containing 1). NYGGF4 is known to be differentially expressed during AD progression. Here, we are trying to computational predict the interaction of LRP1 and NYGGF4 through protein structure prediction and protein-protein interaction.
THE INFLUENCE OF SILICONE ANTIFOAM FROM LEATHER AND DYING WASTE WATER EFFLUENT ON TURBIDITY AND CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND IN BOMPAI INDUSTRIAL ESTATE KANO REGION NIGERIA

This study investigates the influence of silicone antifoam agent on waste water from Gashash leather and Nigerian Spinning and Dying industries (NSD). Waste water from the outlet of the industries were collected and analyzed for physicochemical parameters. Silicone antifoam was added to the wastewater to determine the impact of the silicone antifoam on turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations. The result shows that both turbidity and COD values significantly increased even when small concentration of the silicone antifoam was added. Further, independent t-test was used to identify the variance between the mean value of the wastewater from leather, spinning and dying industries, the results indicated that there are no significant differences (observed t 0.544, critical t 2.015, and p value 0.589) between the waste water in leather and dying industries.
Influence of rituximab and central nervous system directed prophylactic therapy on central nervous system relapse in high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) relapse in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) although rare, can be devastating. Conflicting reports have been published regarding the protective effect of systemic rituximab therapy and likely reduction in incidence of CNS relapse in post-rituximab era. Methods: We retrospectively identified all the DLBCL patients at our institute between 2004 and 2014 who received systemic rituximab-based chemo-therapy at initial presentation. Patients were categorized into two groups, “standard risk” with no risk factors and “high risk” with one or more of the following risk factors, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (above the institute normal), international prognostic index (IPI) ≥3, involvement of testis, breast, bone, kidneys, adrenal gland, retroperitoneal lymph nodes, para-meninges, and bone marrow. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze inci-dence of CNS relapse, patient and disease characteristics. Historically reported incidence rates were used for comparison. Results: A total of 122 patients received rituximab-based therapy at the initial diagnosis; 73 patients (60%) qualified for standard risk; 49 patients (40%) met the criteria for “high risk” based on the above definition. Standard risk group received no CNS directed prophylaxis and none of these patients had CNS relapse. Thirty-one of 49 (63%) “high risk” patients received CNS prophylaxis, mainly intrathecal (IT) methotrexate. Five patients (4.0%) developed CNS relapse in the entire study population. Percentage of patients developed CNS relapse in high-risk patients was 10.2% (5/49). Median time to relapse was 8.76 months and median survival after CNS relapse was 9.16 months. Four out of five patients who developed CNS relapse received prophylaxis with IT. Conclusions: CNS relapse continued to be a rare but devas-tating complication in post rituximab era, however our study confirms that majority of the DLBCL patients do not need CNS directed therapy. Current CNS directed therapies are probably inadequate to prevent CNS relapse in high risk DLBCL patients, therefore further research to develop better agents is needed in this area.
Information Technology of Targeting: Optimization of Decision Making Process in a Competitive Environment

A concept targeting information technology is considered. The model of selection of the optimal amount of advertising on various Internet resources, in order to maximize the desired reach to the target audience is analyzed which. This model is different from traditional. A chance constrained target programming model was developed after considering the parameter that corresponds to reach for different media as random variables. The random variables in this case has been considered as the values with known mean and standard deviation. The reachability parameter can be determined by finding the ideal solution and the law on which the parameter values change. The method of multicriteria optimization is examined with determination of resulting objective function, which allows to consider various aspects of the problems of media choice and optimal budgeting and budget allocation simultaneously to get a satisfactory solution of the problem.
MicroRNA in Brain Neoplasia: A Review

C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Visani M, Acquaviva G, Marucci G, Ragazzi M, Fraceschi E, et al. (2015) MicroRNA in Brain Neoplasia: A Review. Int J Brain Disord Treat 1:002 Received: July 30, 2015: Accepted: August 25, 2015: Published: August 27, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Visani M. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Visani et al. Int J Brain Disord Treat 2015, 1:1
Laminarteko hausturaren I/II modu mistoa aztertzeko saiakuntza konfigurazio berri baten analisia

En este trabajo se presenta una nueva configuracion de ensayo para el analisis de fractura interlaminar en modo mixto I/II. Esta basada en el ensayo de Flexion con Entalla Final e incluye un rodillo metalico entre los dos brazos de la grieta, de ahi su nombre: Flexion con Entalla Final con Rodillo, (End Notched Flexure with Roller ENFR). Se analizan las diferentes posiciones del rodillo: encima del apoyo, hacia el interior de la grieta y hacia el exterior de la grieta. El modelo analitico del ensayo incluye las fuerzas internas, desplazamiento del punto de aplicacion de carga y complianza del sistema. La tasa de liberacion de energia se calcula en base a la energia de deformacion complementaria y se realiza una validacion numerica mediante metodo de elementos finitos.El trabajo experimental se realiza con probetas de composite laminado unidireccional, y la grieta inicial se consigue introduciendo una lamina de teflon durante el apilamiento de los prepeg. Se comprueba la experimentalmente lavalidez del metodo para la determinacion de la longitud de grieta. Se calculan los valores de las tasas de liberacion de energia en todos los puntos de la propagacion de grieta para diferentes relaciones de modo y se evalua la idoneidad del criterio de fractura lineal.Se propone una tasa de liberacion de energia nueva que incorpora los efectos de ambos modos de fractura. Se realiza la validacion experimental. Se estudia la estabilidad del ensayo a lo largo de la propagacion en base a la derivada de esta nueva tasa de liberacion de energia propuesta.
PdBI COLD DUST IMAGING OF TWO EXTREMELY RED H − [4.5] > 4 GALAXIES DISCOVERED WITH SEDS AND CANDELS

We report Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) 1.1 mm continuum imaging toward two extremely red H − [4.5] > 4 (AB) galaxies at z > 3, which we have previously discovered making use of Spitzer SEDS and Hubble Space Telescope CANDELS ultra-deep images of the Ultra Deep Survey field. One of our objects is detected on the PdBI map with a 4. 3σ significance, corresponding to . By combining this detection with the Spitzer 8 and 24 μm photometry for this source, and SCUBA2 flux density upper limits, we infer that this galaxy is a composite active galactic nucleus/star-forming system. The infrared (IR)-derived star formation rate is SFR ≈ 200 ± 100 M☉ yr−1, which implies that this galaxy is a higher-redshift analogue of the ordinary ultra-luminous infrared galaxies more commonly found at z ∼ 2–3. In the field of the other target, we find a tentative 3. 1σ detection on the PdBI 1.1 mm map, but 3.7 arcsec away of our target position, so it likely corresponds to a different object. In spite of the lower significance, the PdBI detection is supported by a close SCUBA2 3. 3σ detection. No counterpart is found on either the deep SEDS or CANDELS maps, so, if real, the PdBI source could be similar in nature to the submillimeter source GN10. We conclude that the analysis of ultra-deep near- and mid-IR images offers an efficient, alternative route to discover new sites of powerful star formation activity at high redshifts.
Corporate Responsibility in the Food Chain: The Criteria and Indicators

Corporate responsibility (CR) is becoming a key issue in the food chain. In order to make sense of this phenomenon, a seminal aper by Maloni and Brown (2006) called for further empirical investigation on the criteria of responsibility in the food supply chain. The purpose of this paper is to answer the call by identifying the criteria for defining CR and develop indicators for measuring the responsibility performance of the food chain. The study was based on interactive and participatory stakeholder dialogues with diverse experts, corporate representatives and other stakeholders, including non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and governmental bodies. Through an iterative research process we identified the criteria and developed the indicators. Our findings enable business leaders to evaluate and manage their operations towards more responsible business praxis
The validation of the selection battery for pilots of the South African Air Force

The recent procurement of modern fourth-generation fighter aircraft by the South African Air Force (SAAF), severe budget constraints, as well as demographic transformation of the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) impacted heavily on the selection and training of SAAF pilots. Against this backdrop, this predictive criterion-related validation study attempted to find an optimal battery to predict various aspects of pilot training performance, using all SAAF qualified pilots from 1997 to 2002 as the sample (N=107). Multiple regression analyses were performed to construct a model which can be used to predict the success of trainee pilots in three phases of pilot training, namely officers' formative training, ground school training and practical flight training. Stepwise regression analyses with training grade achieved as criterion were performed on the data for each of the phases of training. Multiple correlations of 0,34 (p<0,001), 0,21 (p>0,05) and 0,22 (p<0,05) were obtained for flight, ground school and formative training results respectively. Various recommendations regarding the present composition of the battery are made. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za
Effects of dietary phytic acid on digestibility of main nutrients and mineral absorption in mink (Mustela vison).

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of dietary phytic acid (IP6) on the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of main nutrients and apparent absorption of minerals in mink (Mustela vison). A basal moist diet consisting of fish meal, fish oil and wheat starch was added at different concentrations of soluble sodium phytate, thus obtaining six diets with graded levels of IP6 (0-19.9 g IP6 kg dry matter). Each diet was fed to four adult male mink kept in individual cages. There were no significant effects of 1P6 on the ATTD of crude protein, fat, starch or energy, whereas the apparent absorption of copper and magnesium was significantly reduced with increasing concentration of IP6. Thus, as observed in other monogastric animals, we conclude that dietary 1P6 could impair mineral status in mink, but may not affect digestibility of energy-yielding nutrients.