Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nitric oxide production and antioxidants responses in maize under lead stress

Lead pollution is an important issue in the world. In this research maize plants were treated with different concentrations of lead (0, 0. 25, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2.5 and 5 mM) was applied as lead (II) nitrate for 10 days. The results showed that increase in lead concentration leads to reduction in growth, chlorophyll a and b content and increase in oxidative damages. Application of Pb significantly increased hydrogen peroxide content which followed by a significant level of lipid peroxidation. These changes were accompanied by increase in nitric oxide content in the low and its reduction in the high concentrations. Small increase in generation of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide are envisaged at low concentrations as messengers in signaling pathways that may act in triggering defense functions to detoxify lead. Therefore plant’s stress tolerance variables, including proline, ascorbic acid, flavonoid and anthocyanins content and activity of antioxidant enzymes enhanced under different lead applications.
Delineation of site suitability mapping units for fishing zones using geo-spatial technology in kakdwip Sub- division, south west part of Sundarban, India

Geomorphologically, Sundarban is the active portion of the Gangetic delta in which the processes of land formation and erosion, ebb wave activeness are pronounced. The important productive and profit oriented sector in Sundarban after agriculture is aquaculture. The main aim of the study is to assess the suitable site selection of fishing zones for Kakdwip sub-division mainly consisting of Kakdwip, Sagar Island, Patharpratima and Namkhana blocks. The Land Use & land Cover Map (LULC) shows an increasing Tend of settlement and increasing nature of aquaculture pond in this region. The study of the fishing zones can be done with the use of a technology based Site Suitability Mapping of Kakdwip sub-division with the help of Weighted Overlay Analysis. The site suitability mappings have been done on the basis of the weightages given to Land Use & Land Cover (40%), Euclidean Distance (40%) and Slope (20%). The Euclidean Distance is prepared on the basis of suitable fishing zones near the settlements with the point data extraction. The LULC, Euclidean Distance & Slope have been reclassified for the final preparation of the Site suitability mapping for identification of different zones. The Arc GIS 10.1 software helped in marking the suitable sites for fishing zones. Finally the zones are divided into eight classes where the suitable sites are observed along the shoreline part of the area and the marine zone along the creeks, whereas some parts of inner core land is not suitable for fishing that has been depicted in the present study.
THE HOPF-TSUJI-SULLIVAN DICHOTOMY FOR ANOSOV GROUPS IN LOW AND HIGH RANK

Let G be a connected semisimple real algebraic group. We establish an analogue of the Hopf-Tsuji-Sullivan dichotomy for any regular Zariski dense discrete subgroup of G. We deduce the following surprising consequence for Γ Anosov: the localized Poincare series diverges for each interior direction v of the limit cone of Γ if and only if rankG ≤ 3. This result implies that the Burger-Roblin measure m v on Γ\G is supported on the v-directional recurrent set if and only if rankG ≤ 3.
Mechanism of Tetravalent Manganese Reduction with Elemental Sulfur by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

Washed intact cells of iron-grown T. ferrooxidans AP19-3 could reduce manganese dioxide (MnO2) enzymatically with elemental sulfur (S0) and the mechanism of Mn4+ reduction was studied. The optimum pH for Mn4+ reduction was 2.5. The amount of Mn4+ reduced by the strain was proportional to the amount of S0 added to the reaction mixture. An enzyme that directly catalyzes the reduction of Mn4+ to Mn2+ with S0 was not found in the cell-free extract of this strain. T. ferrooxidans AP19-3 was found to possess sulfur: ferric ion oxidoreductase (SFORase), which catalyzes the reduction of Fe3+ with S0 to give Fe2+ and sulfite. The reduction of Mn4+ was inhibited by a specific inhibitor of SFORase or diamide, strongly suggesting that SFORase is involved in the Mn4+ reduction in this strain. The involvement of SFORase in Mn4+ reduction was further supported by the following results. Both the amounts of Fe2+ and sulfite produced by SFORase were markedly reduced by MnO2. The amount of Mn4+ reduced increased 5.4-fold with 1 mM ferric ion and 10-fold with 2.5 mM cyanide or an inhibitor of iron oxidase, respectively. The sulfite and Fe2+ were chemically oxidized by MnO2 instantly. From the results, it is concluded that the Mn4+ reduction with S0 in this strain occurs through two steps. In the first step S0 is enzymatically oxidized by SFORase to give Fe2+ and sulfite, and in the second step these two reduced compounds are chemically reduced by MnO2 to give Mn2+
DETERMINATION OF LEAD AND CADMIUM LEVELS IN SOME OF FRESH WATER FISH MARKETED IN DAMANHOUR CITY

ها يملا كام سأ ن م ة نيع نيت س ى ف مويمدا كلاو صا صرلا تاز يكرت ريدقتل ةساردلا ةذھ تيرجأ ةبذعلا ) ١٥ كمس نم لكل ةنيع كور بملاو طومرقلاو ىروبلاو ىطلبلا ( قاو سأ ى ف ة ضورعملا ىرذ لا فا يطملا زا ھج مادخت ساب رو ھنمد ة نيدمب كمسلا . رص نع تاز يكرت تاط سوتم تلج س ىت1ا ك كور بملاو طومرقلاو ىروبلاو ىطلبلا كامسأ ىف صاصرلا : ٠.٣٦ ± ٠.٠٩ ، ٠.٧٢ ± ٠.٥٥ ، ١.٣١٥ ± ٠.٩٧٥ و ٠.٥٦٨ ± ٠.٠٦٤ نو يلملا ن م ءز ج ) و ب طر نز ( ت? د عمب ١٣.٣ ةصوحفملا تانيعلا ىف هلدعم ناك امنيب طومرقلاو ىروبلاو ىطلبلا كامسأ نم لك ىف ٪ كور بملا كم س ن م ٣٣.٣ ىلاو تلا ى لع ٪ . ىت1ا ك مويمدا كلا رص نعل ا ھتاريظن ت ناكو : ٠.٠٢ ± ٠.٠٠٥ ، ٠.٠١٩ ± ٠.٠٠٦ ، ٠.٠١٦ ± ٠.٠٠٣ و ٠.٠١٤ ± ٠.٠٠٣ ن م ءز ج نو يلملا ) ب طر نزو ( عمب ت? د ٤٦.٧ ٪ ، ٢٠ ٪ ، ٦٦.٧ ٪ ، ٤٠ يلاو تلا ى لع ٪ . د قو اذ ھ رص نعل ه ب حومس ملا د حلا زوا جتت م ل ى تلاو ة صوحفملا تا نيعلا ةبس ن نأ ة ساردلا تح ضوأ صا صرلا ) ٠. ١ نو يلملا ن م ءز ج ( ت ناك ٨٦.٧ ةنس ل ةيرص ملا ةي سايقلا ةف صاوملل ا عبت ٪ ١٩٩٣ ت ناك ا منيب طو مرقلاو ىرو بلاو ى طلبلا كام سأ ن م ل كل ٦٦.٧ كام سأ تا نيعل ٪ كوربملا . رصنع تازيكرت نايبتسH ةصوحفملا تانيعلا عيمج نأ اضيأ ةساردلا تنيب دقو اذھ ه ب حومس ملا د حلا زوا جتت م ل مويمدا كلا ) ٠. ٠٥ نو يلملا ن م ءز ج . ( رطا خملا ةش قانم م ت د قو تت ة ليقثلا ندا عملا نم ةيلاع ت? دعم ىلع ىوتحت ىتلا ةيذغHا لوانت رثأ ةيحصلا دود حلا زوا ج ايلودو ايلحم اھب حومسملا . تاطلس لا ل بق ن م ة مزMلا تاي صوتلا ذا ختاب ة ساردلا ت صوأ دقو ةئيبلا ىلع ظافحلل ةيموكحلا تاءارجOا اذكو كامسHا يكلھتسم نأشب ةيحصلا .
Recycling of waste incineration bottom ash in the production of interlocking concrete bricks

This study presents an experimental investigation on the recycling of waste incineration bottom ash (IBA) as a fine aggregate in the production of interlocking concrete bricks (ICB). Before being used, the concentration of heavy metal in IBA was determined to confirm it is a non-toxic material. In this study, the IBA was used to replace crushed sand (CSA) in the brick mixtures at different replacement levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (by volume). The ICB samples were checked for dimensions, visible defects, compressive strength, bending strength, water absorption, and surface abrasion in accordance with the related Vietnamese standards. The test results demonstrated that the IBA used in this study was a non-toxic material, which can be widely used for construction activities. All of the ICB samples prepared for this study exhibited a nice shape with consistent dimensions and without any visible defects. The incorporation of IBA in the brick mixtures affected engineering properties of the ICB samples such as a reduction in the compressive strength and bending strength and an increment in water absorption and surface abrasion of the brick samples. As a result, the compressive strength, bending strength, water absorption, and surface abrasion values of ICB samples at 28 days were in the ranges of 20.6 – 34.9 MPa, 3.95 – 6.62 MPa, 3.8 – 7.2%, and 0.132 – 0.187 g/cm2, respectively. Therefore, either partial or full replacement of CSA by IBA, the ICB with grades of M200 – M300 could be produced with satisfying the TCVN 6476:1999 standard in terms of dimensions, visible defects, compressive strength, water absorption, and surface abrasion. These results demonstrated the high applicability of the local IBA in the production of the ICB for various construction application purposes.
Breastfeeding may protect against heroin addiction

Background: Heroin addiction is a biopsychosocial disorder and the role of some early environmental factors has also been suggested. The aim of the study was to assess whether breastfeeding may or may not affect the development of heroin addiction in adult life. Methods: We compared the incidence of breastfeeding in the first four months of life and the duration of breastfeeding in patients suffering from heroin addiction with the results for the control group. We also compared the timing of the introduction of complementary foods between the two groups. The addicted group consisted of 88 patients (27 females/61 males; mean age 22 ± 4 years) suffering from heroin addiction, while the control group included a group of 57 healthy individuals (22 females/35 males; mean age 23 ± 5 years). The breastfeeding history was obtained retrospectively by means of face-to-face interviews with the mothers of patients and controls. Results: The incidence of breastfeeding between 0 and 4 months was 73% (n=64) in patients with heroin addiction and 88% (n=50) in the control group. Weaning within the first 4 months of life (OR; 0.33; CI, 0.13-0.85; p=0.02) was associated with a high risk of heroin addiction in later life. Duration of breastfeeding, and the timing of the introduction of complementary foods were found to be similar in the two groups (p >0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that early weaning (i.e. weaning during the first 4 months) may be associated with an increased risk in adult life to be faced by the offspring of parents showing heroin addiction. Duration of breastfeeding and the timing of the introduction of complementary foods (solid foods and cow's milk) might not have any effect on the development of heroin addiction.
Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom substrate for the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: the case study of a pilot dynamic biopile for the decontamination of a historically contaminated soil

BACKGROUND: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are hazardous contaminants. Bio-based technology is among recommended practices for the recovery of PAH contaminated matrices. The objective of the study was to validate the exploitation of spent mushroom substrate (SMS), an organic waste deriving from the industrial production of Pleurotus ostreatus, as bulking agent in a dynamic biopile pilot plant, because of the SMS potential oxidative capacity towards aromatic recalcitrant compounds. The dynamic biopile pilot plant treated 7 tons of a historically PAH contaminated soil (6469 ± 423 mg PAHs kg−1), classified as dangerous waste. RESULTS: The mixing of SMS with soil was mandatory for the depletion of PAHs, which after 8 months, were at significantly lower concentrations (112 ± 5 mg PAHs kg−1). The treated soil was capable of reintroduction to the industrial site of origin. However, a residual genotoxicity of soil elutriates at the end of the process was measured on root tips of Vicia faba L. CONLUSIONS: The SMS derived from the industrial production of P. ostreatus is exploitable as a versatile low cost organic substrate with oxidative capacity towards PAHs and its exploitation as a bulking agent in biopiles is advantageous for the disposal of the organic waste.
Cytokine production and polymorphisms in the IFN γ, IFN γR1 and IL12 genes

One third of the world's current population has been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, most of these cases will not develop the full-blown active disease and remain asymptomatic, known as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Although the LTBI individuals are asymptomatic, there is a chance of reactivation and 5-10% of them develop active tuberculosis (TB). The risk of reactivation is high among the household contacts of active TB. Thus, household contacts constitute an important target for early prevention and control of tuberculosis. Cytokines play an important role in protective immunity and may aid in identification of diagnostics and new vaccines. The role of IL-12 and IFN-γ has been established in protection against mycobacterial infections. The balance between the secretions of IL-12/IFN-γ appears to be essential for the regulation of inflammation in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytokine production in serum and culture supernatants and the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IFN-γ and IL-12 genes. The cytokine levels of IFN-γ and IL-12 were estimated in serum (n=150) and culture supernatants (n=25) stimulated with r32kda Mycobacterium bovis BCG in active pulmonary tuberculosis patients (APTB), household contacts (HHC) and healthy controls (HC) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and their genetic polymorphisms (n=150) were studied by amplification refractory mutation systems polymerase chain reaction (ARMs PCR). The mean serum levels of IFN-γ and IL12 were high in APTB and HHC compared to HCs. The mean stimulated levels of IFN-γ were significantly low in APTB and HHC compared to HC. IL-12 cytokine levels were significantly high in APTB and HHC as compared to HCs. The AT genotype in IFN-γ +874 A/T, CC and TC genotypes in IFNgR1-56C/T were found to be associated with TB. In conclusion, cytokine levels and cytokine gene polymorphisms affect the susceptibility to tuberculosis in household contacts.
Diminished white matter integrity four decades after traumatic brain injury in Vietnam War veterans

Objective: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are common in military veterans and have been associated with an increased risk of dementia. The mechanisms contributing to this relationship are poorly understood. Main aim: This study investigated the effect of TBI and PTSD on white matter (WM) integrity, hippocampal and cortical volume within a cohort of Vietnam veterans. Materials and methods: 87 male veterans in total. There were 31 with TBI (aged 69.0 ± 2.5 years), 35 with PTSD (aged 69.5 ± 2.6 years) and 21 controls (aged 70.1 ± 4.9 years) underwent 3Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The TBI cohort included 12 mild, 13 moderate and six severe injuries. WM integrity was assessed using tract-based spatial statistics and region-specific analyses of fractional anisotropy (FA) images. Automated processing of T1-weighted magnetisation-prepared rapid gradient-echo (MPRAGE) images resulted in hippocampal volumes and whole-brain cortical thickness estimation. Analyses were adjusted for IQ, Body Mass Index (BMI) and psychiatric comorbidities. Results: The moderate-to-severe TBI group had significantly lower FA than controls in the genu (F(3,36)=8.81, p<0.05, partial η2 = 0.17), and body (F(3,36)=4.39, p <0.05, partial η2=0.14) of the corpus callosum, as well as in global WM (F(3,36)=5.35, p <0.05, partial η2=0.13). The PTSD FA values did not differ from controls and neither the TBI nor PTSD group differed significantly from controls in hippocampal volume nor cortical thickness in Alzheimer’s disease vulnerable regions. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the widely reported loss of WM integrity observed after moderate to severe TBI persists throughout life but is not associated with hippocampal or grey matter atrophy after four decades. No PTSD-related structural or FA change was observed.
Composted palm waste as an alternative of coco peat in growing media: effects on growth and nutritional status of Lily cut flower (Lilium spp.)

Purpose: A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the mixture of different growing media (palm trunk: resulted from palm trunk only; palm tree: resulted from all palm organs; coco peat; perlite; reused coco peat) on growth and nutrient uptake of lily cut flower. Research method: Treatments including two cultivars (Tiber and Candy Club) and eleven growing media compositions were set up in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design. Findings: The Control showed the highest leaf surface area, bulb depletion rate, and Mg content, while the higher plant height and the leaves number were observed in 40% and 80% palm trunk treatments, respectively. Furthermore, the 40% palm trunk resulting in a higher Fe content. The highest bud's number, K, Cu, and Mn content measured in Candy Club, which was cultivated on 20% palm tree treatment, that increased by an average of 10.1%, 15.8%, 67.4%, and 54.3%, respectively compared to the control. The Candy Club has grown on control showed the highest values of the reproductive organ length, N, and P concentration. The highest Ca content was obtained after the Tiber's cultivation in the 80% palm trunk. Research limitations: No limitations were founded. Originality/Value: Because of the low cost, availability, and extensive cultivation area of date palm in Iran and over the world, palm wastes has a great potential to be used as an eco-friendly horticultural substrate mixture to substitute coco peat in lily soilless culture.
Learning Phase Transition in Ising Model with Tensor-Network Born Machines

Learning underlying patterns in unlabeled data with generative models is a challenging task. Inspired by the probabilistic nature of quantum physics, recently, a new generative model known as Born Machine has emerged that represents a joint probability distribution of a given data based on Born probabilities of quantum state. Leveraging on the expressibilty and training power of the tensor networks (TN), we study the capability of Born Machine in learning the patterns in the two-dimensional classical Ising conﬁgurations that are obtained from Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulations. The structure of our model is based on Projected Entan-gled Pair State (PEPS) as a two dimensional tensor network. Our results indicate that the Born Machine based on PEPS is capable of learning both magnetization and energy quantities through the phase transitions from disordered into ordered phase in 2D classical Ising model. We also compare learnability of PEPS with another popular tensor network structure Matrix Product State (MPS) and indicate that PEPS model on the 2D Ising conﬁgurations signiﬁcantly outperforms the MPS model. Furthermore, we discuss that PEPS results slightly deviate from the Monte Carlo simulations in the vicinity of the critical point which is due to the emergence of long-range ordering.
In-task auditory performance-related feedback promotes cardiovascular markers of a challenge state during a pressurized task

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: Individuals evaluate the demands and resources associated with a pressurized situation, which leads to distinct patterns of cardiovascular responses. While it is accepted that cognitive evaluations are updated throughout a pressurized situation, to date, cardiovascular markers have only been recorded immediately before, or averaged across, these situations. Thus, this study examined the influence of in-task performance-related feedback on cardiovascular markers of challenge and threat to explore fluctuations in these markers. Methods and Design: Forty participants completed a pressurized visual search task while cardiovascular markers of challenge and threat were recorded. During the task, participants received either positive or negative feedback via distinct auditory tones to induce a challenge or threat state. Following task completion, cardiovascular markers were recorded during a recovery phase. Results: Participants’ cardiovascular responses changed across the experimental protocol. Specifically, while participants displayed a cardiovascular response more reflective of a challenge state following in-task performance-related feedback, participants exhibited a response more akin to a threat state later during the recovery phase. Conclusions: In-task auditory performance-related feedback promoted cardiovascular markers of a challenge state. These markers fluctuated over the experiment, suggesting that they, and presumably underlying demand and resource evaluations, are relatively dynamic in nature.
The Mediating Role of Job Characteristics in the Relationship between Structural Empowerment and the Professional Commitment of Female Referees in Futsal Premier League

The aim of this study was to develop a model for examining the mediating role of job characteristics in the relationship between structural empowerment and professional commitment of referees in female's Futsal Premier League. To collect the required data, we distributed the research questionnaires among 75 Futsal Premier League referees invited to the pre-season qualifying class in 2020, and finally we received 63 valid questionnaires. We conducted structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis for data analysis by using PLS Smart software. The findings demonstrated that structural empowerment can predict professional commitment, but the relationship between the two variables was not significant. The relationship of structural empowerment with job characteristics and professional commitment was not significant. The mediating role of job characteristics in the relationship between the two variables was not significant. The components of information sharing in structural empowerment, attachment to professional commitment and diversity of skills in job characteristics had the highest averages. Given that the lack of significance of the relationship among structural empowerment, professional commitment and job characteristics, is questionable and it should be assessed in great details.
Influence of Principals’ Professional Training on Creating Professional Learning Communities in Selected Kenyan Secondary Schools

The present study investigated the influence of principals’ professional training on creating professional learning communities in Kenyan secondary schools. The study population comprised of 194 principals, 1526 teachers, 194 BOM Chairpersons, and 6 SCQASOs. The total population was 1920 respondents and informants. The study used both purposive and stratified random sampling procedures to obtain study participants of 20 principals, 153 teachers, 20 BOM Chairpersons and 6 SCQASOs. Questionnaires and interview schedule were used to collect data for the study. Reliability of questionnaires was ensured by Cronbach’s methods and alpha value was 0.790. The statistical tool SPSS Version 23 was used to analyze the quantitative data, while thematic analysis used to analyze qualitative data. The study findings indicated that there was statistically significant positive correlation between principals’ professional training and creation of professional learning communities (n=135; r= .479; p<.05). It’s recommended that Kenya Educational Management Institute (KEMI) should re-structure their training programmes to include creation of professional learning communities.