Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of linear logic to simulation

Linear logic, since its introduction by Girard in 1987 has proven expressive and powerful. Linear logic has provided natural encodings of Turing machines, Petri nets and other computational models. Linear logic is also capable of naturally modeling resource dependent aspects of reasoning. The distinguishing characteristic of linear logic is that it accounts for resources; two instances of the same variable are considered differently from a single instance. Linear logic thus must obey a form of the linear superposition principle. A proportion can be reasoned with only once, unless a special operator is applied. Informally, linear logic distinguishes two kinds of conjunction, two kinds of disjunction, and also introduces a modal storage operator that explicitly indicates propositions that can be reused. This paper discuses the application of linear logic to simulation. A wide variety of logics have been developed; in addition to classical logic, there are fuzzy logics, affine logics, quantum logics, etc. All of these have found application in simulations of one sort or another. The special characteristics of linear logic and its benefits for simulation will be discussed. Of particular interest is a connection that can be made between linear logic and simulated dynamics by using the concept of Lie algebras and Lie groups. Lie groups provide the connection between the exponential modal storage operators of linear logic and the eigen functions of dynamic differential operators. Particularly suggestive are possible relations between complexity result for linear logic and non-computability results for dynamical systems.
Please Scroll down for Article International Journal of Remote Sensing Super-resolution Land-cover Mapping Using Multiple Sub-pixel Shifted Remotely Sensed Images Super-resolution Land-cover Mapping Using Multiple Sub-pixel Shifted Remotely Sensed Images

This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. Super-resolution land-cover mapping is a promising technology for prediction of the spatial distribution of each land-cover class at the sub-pixel scale. This distribution is often determined based on the principle of spatial dependence and from land-cover fraction images derived with soft classification technology. However, the resulting super-resolution land-cover maps often have uncertainty as no information about sub-pixel land-cover patterns within the low-resolution pixels is used in the model. Accuracy can be improved by incorporating supplemental datasets to provide more land-cover information at the sub-pixel scale; but the effectiveness of this is limited by the availability and quality of these additional datasets. In this paper, a novel super-resolution land-cover mapping technology is proposed, which uses multiple sub-pixel shifted remotely sensed images taken by observation satellites. These satellites take images over the same area once every several days, but the images are not identical because of slight orbit translations. Low-resolution pixels in these remotely sensed images therefore contain different land-cover fractions that can provide useful information for super-resolution land-cover mapping. We have constructed a Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) model to solve it. Maximum spatial dependence is the goal of the proposed model, and the fraction maps of all images are constraints added to the energy function of HNN. The model was applied to synthetic artificial images as well as to a real degraded QuickBird image. The output maps derived from different numbers of images at different zoom factors were compared visually and quantitatively to the super-resolution map generated from a single image. The resulting land-cover maps with multiple remotely sensed images were more accurate than was the single image map. The use of multiple remotely sensed images is therefore a promising method for decreasing the uncertainty of …
An evaluation of learning resources in the teaching of formal philosophical methods

In any discipline, across a wide variety of subjects, there are numerous learning resources available to students. For many students the resources that will be most beneficial to them are quickly apparent but, because of the nature of philosophy and the philosophical method, it is not immediately clear which resources will be most valuable to students for whom the development of critical thinking skills is crucial. If we are to support these students effectively in their learning we must establish what these resources are how we can continue to maintain and improve them, and how we can encourage students to make good use of them. In this paper we describe and assess our evaluation of the use made by students of learning resources in the context of learning logic and in developing their critical thinking skills. We also assess the use of a new resource, electronic handsets, the purpose of which is to encourage students to respond to questions in lectures and to gain feedback about how they are progressing with the material. DOI:10.1080/0968776030110306
Fault location method and test for WDM all-optical networks

Fault location in WDM all-optical networks is a very important problem in practical network operation and administration. In this paper a simple and efficient method based on causal chain and set theory is proposed for the problem of fault location according to the current alarms in one network. A detailed fault location algorithm for single point fault is implemented based on the algorithm theory mentioned above. This method combines the network configuration model with the network fault model using object-oriented idea. Some tags and attributs related to fault and alarm are extended in configuration model which reduces the memory space and quickens the seeking. A WDM all-optical network connection management system using this algorithm is applied to a three-node WDM network. The testing results show that the proposed algorithms are correct and feasible. The average time for fault location is 9 seconds and the average time for restoration is 14 seconds.
Strategies for Programming Instruction in High School: Program Completion vs. Program Generation

In an introductory programming course, the differential effects on learning outcomes were studied for an experimental instructional strategy that emphasized the modification and extension of existing programs (completion strategy) and a traditional strategy that emphasized the design and coding of new programs (generation strategy). Two matched groups of twenty-eight and twenty-nine high school students from grades ten through twelve volunteered for participation in a ten-lesson programming course using a small subset of the structured programming language COMAL-80. After the course, the completion group was superior to the generation group in measures concerning the construction of programs; furthermore, it was characterized by a lower mortality. The data indicated that the completion strategy facilitated the use of templates; however, this does not necessarily seem to imply that the students actually understood the working of those templates, because no differences occurred in the ability to interpret programs. In the conclusion, the completion strategy is considered to be a good alternative to more traditional strategies and recommendations are made for further improvements.
A ZUPT method based on SVM regression curve fitting for SINS

Zero velocity update (ZUPT) is an important error control method for strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS). Conic fitting as a frequently-used ZUPT method is simple and effective, but makes low use of the velocity samples gained during the stops of SINS, and requires SINS to stop frequently. In order to solve these problems, a new ZUPT method based on support vector machine (SVM) regression curve fitting for SINS is proposed. The simulation results demonstrate that the new ZUPT method can improve the positioning accuracy and maneuverability of SINS, and has high robustness compared with conic fitting.
Study of synchronization test methods of NoC at multi‐clock domains

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce several synchronization test methods of Network‐on‐Chip (NoC) at multi‐clock domains by digital logic circuits.Design/methodology/approach – First, the authors gave the structure of NoC, the test methods for NoC in multi‐clock domains, including Built‐in Self Test (BIST) structure and the architecture of embedded core test. Then the authors approached four different synchronization structures: two‐level trigger, two kinds of lock methods, toggle and pulse synchronization methods. Based on the NoC work conditions, the authors built the experiment structures of different methods, and obtained the experiment results at high frequencies.Findings – From the experiments at high frequency, it can be seen that the methods of toggle and the pulse methods are prone to failed synchronization. Therefore, the lock method is more appropriate for NoC under multiple clock domains.Originality/value – In this paper, several synchronization test methods of NoC at multi‐clo.
Open Source Analysis of Biomedical Figures

With a selection of biomedical literature available for open access, a natural pairing seems to be the use of open source software to automatically analyze content, in particular, the content of figures. Considering the large number of possible tools and approaches, we choose to focus on the recognition of printed characters. As the problem of optical character recognition (OCR) under reasonable conditions is considered to be solved, and as open source software is fully capable of isolating the location of characters and identifying most of them accurately, we instead use OCR as an application area for the relatively recent development of compressive sampling, and in particular a fast implementation called compressive sensing matching pursuit (CoSaMP). Compressive sampling enables recovery of a signal from noisy measurements if certain rigorous mathematical conditions hold on previously measured samples, the mathematical conditions stating that measured samples must be essentially nearly perpendicular, orthogonal, to each other. For OCR, we investigate approximating such nearly orthogonal samples by selecting random curves, then using CoSaMP to determine a sparse number of samples approximating character shapes. We compare the accuracy of three different methods of applying CoSaMP to the problem of matching a blurred character to one of a set of previously sampled characters. We show numerically that selecting random curves does not satisfy the strict mathematical conditions for compressive sampling theory to guarantee optimal solutions. However, character matching strategies using CoSaMP transformed characters can be developed whose accuracy is roughly comparable to a baseline comparison of blurred characters with original characters, suggesting that OCR is an example where the performance of compressive sampling methods declines gracefully as conditions are weakened on the sampling matrix.
Internet of Things System Optimization Design of Logistics Based on Improved LEACH Algorithm

In the logistics system, the Internet of things information transmission problem is researched. The ZigBee, 3G technologies are fused in the radio frequency identification (RFID), a set of logistics networking platform is designed based on 3G-ZigBee, with the functions such as multipoint automatic identification, real-time positioning, wireless network and RFID. The logistics system is designed, the routing algorithm of logistics system is analyzed, the improved LEACH algorithm is proposed, the NS component is used for the simulation analysis. Through the simulation results, the best balance point between energy consumption and network density is obtained, the parameters of the logistics system are optimized. Finally, software design idea and workflow are presented, the purpose of the remote control is achieved.
Cache-Enabled Metadata-Aware Storage in Linux Systems

Hybrid storage systems integrate slower HDDs with faster SSDs to improve overall performance. To this end, various research efforts have investigated how to use SSDs as cache for HDDs. One of them proposes to cache only metadata blocks because all IO requests are accompanied with the requests to the metadata blocks before issuing the requests for the data blocks. However, our evaluation of the method could not confirm the claimed improvement. It motivated us to modify the method to integrate the caching functionality. The implementation of the proposed method in the Linux systems required to address several challenging issues. The evaluation results showed that the proposed method improved the performance by at least 90% over the original scheme. It implicitly means that caching the data blocks has more significant impact on performance than the metadata caching.
Image fusion on redundant lifting non-separable wavelet transforms

A multi-sensor image fusion method based on redundant lifting non-separable wavelet transform is presented. This method can capture the detailed information of an image accurately. The wavelet coefficients of the approximant sub-images are fused respectively based-on the fusion rule of local area gradient. This method is effectively used to fuse the multi-spectral infrared images and the multi-sensor medical images. The results show that the proposed method has the property of shift-invariance and has good fusion effects.
On the polygonal decomposition in low-level processing for image understanding

The development of knowledge-based digital signal processing (DSP) systems is restrained by several factors. Among them, the deficiency of the low-level knowledge representation scheme is one of the most important ones. The theoretical aspects of the construction of low-level prime components for the knowledge-based DSP systems are presented. Development of the proposed model is proceeded by statistical simulations, which shows that decomposition of an n-dimensional signal should be done using n-dimensional spherical homogeneous prime components. The proposed model significantly reduces redundancy of the input information by an effective and unique transformation, in which array of pixel values is mapped onto symbolic objects of prime components. Such mapping decreases the complexity of high-level processing and simplifies hardware requirements in knowledge-based DSP systems. <<ETX>>
Opening the black box of clinical judgment—an overview

In all advanced healthcare systems, medical decision making depends on cognitive inputs from highly trained doctors. Yet those cognitive inputs fall short of what the practice of medicine requires. The reason is that doctors are expected to do the impossible—firstly, to recall and process complex information reliably under severe time constraints, and then to identify the decisions that patients would make for themselves were they fully informed. The inevitable outcome is that doctors' decisions too often cannot be justified in light of available knowledge, medical risk, cost, benefit, or patients' desires. The impossible is expected of doctors because we are socialised to rely on their acquired knowledge and cognitive abilities. But cognitive psychology has shown that the human mind normally functions by oversimplifying and filtering complex information. In contrast, modern electronic tools, if properly designed, can empower the mind to systematically consider all available details and their possible combinations. A new division of intellectual labour in medicine is therefore possible—a division between electronic tools that retrieve and process information, and users who apply judgment and values to arrive at medical decisions. #### Summary points Medical decision making requires combinatorial analysis to comprehend patients' uniqueness and avoid harmful, unnecessary trial and error Combinatorial analysis combines numerous, simple, inexpensive observations, tests, and procedures on a patient with medical knowledge to identify all individually relevant options, and the pros and cons of each for the patient The apparent difficulties of a combinatorial approach—gathering comprehensive data and linking it with the medical knowledge base—are avoidable when properly designed software tools are habitually used The actions of caregivers and the medical knowledge they use must be subject to effective feedback, which requires medical records with a problem oriented structure New systems are needed not only to improve cognitive inputs to medical decision making but also to improve manual …
3D from focus and light stripes

Three dimensional (3D) measurement of surfaces is an essential capability for robot systems. Few approaches exist in the literature that tackle the problem using different methodologies. One approach that found its way into some applications in the past ten years is the use of structured light. One major advantage of this technique is the ease of detecting the features that are artificially superimposed on the original scene. Another advantage is the possibility of extracting the 3D information from a single image as opposed to stereo techniques. Light patterns that are normally used are in the form of stripes with equal or varying interdistance or more generally a grid formed of vertical and horizontal stripes. One problem that limits the use of this technique is the need for precise reference calibration to compute the transformation matrix that is used to compute the true world coordinates from the image coordinates via triangulation. This necessitates the knowledge and the use of the true world coordinates of few control points. The process should be carried out with a high degree of accuracy under a controlled environment, or else it will affect all the computations. This normally calls for an expensive fixed setup that may be suitable for some industrial applications but is not flexible for dynamic robot vision applications. In this paper we propose a method where depth from focus algorithms is employed to compute the transformation matrix which is applied to stripe points to form a complete 3D surface solution. Depth from focus calibration can be performed beforehand by varying the distance of a test object. Thus, there is no need for the use of any reference control points in the scene. This adds flexibility to the vision system and makes it feasible for robot applications. A full depth from focus solution for the whole scene is computationally expensive as opposed to stripe points triangulation. In this way we gain the advantages of both methods.
Pour un système interactif d'aide à la décision pour la résorption de l'habitat spontané en milieu urbain

ABSTRACT The developping countries are facing many urban problems caracterized by the proliferation of spontaneous habitat in quarters. This paper describes an approach of intervention in urban sector in order to improve the knowledge and the management of characteristics parameters (site, land, building, road, network, equipement) of a quarter. According to the complexity of decision in town management and the diversity of datas to manage, we propose a computer—based solution. It frees the different actors of urban management from the fastidious work of data collection, data organization and manipulation before any decision making. In this paper, a first step is realised concerning the data storage and the judicious presentation of statistical datas to the decsion makers. The system to implement allows through its flexibility and its interactivity to help them in the decision making process. This approach is closed to a real DSS (decision support system): the datas are formated in a way that can improve .
H.264 codec system-on-chip design and verification

We designed a SoC/ASIC to implement the low power, high performance H.264 encoder and decoder with a 32-bit RISC CPU on a single chip. We used the system-level modeling technique to develop the H.264 codec and high-speed RISC microprocessor cores, and adopted the transaction-level based verification technique to do the automatic self-checking, regression testing for the design. The SoC runs the H.264 codec in hardware. It incorporated standard peripheral interfaces, such as UART, USB, 100/10 Mbps Ethernet, IEEE 1394, ATAPI and SVGA. It supports embedded real-time OS for PDA and wireless applications. It is implemental for complicated Linux operating systems used for personal video recorder, DVD recorder, game and set top boxes, digital camcorders, video conferencing kit, and network computers.
A Time‐Constrained Information Processing Model in Ubiquitous Environments

As pervasive computing is widely adopted and reliable networks are becoming more easily accessible, there is a rapidly growing need to develop a mechanism to analyze and evaluate the performance of ubiquitous environments. This paper presents an information processing model which characterizes a ubiquitous environment where a variety of pieces of information need to be exchanged among devices within a system. The proposed model not only provides analytical tools to evaluate the performance of devices, but also makes it possible to identify key factors in designing a ubiquitous environment. For illustrative purposes, a test bed is constructed and the performance of the system is assessed based on the proposed model.
Implementation of Dual Cycle in Container Yard based on Ad-hoc Networks

At container terminals, a major measurement of productivity can be work efficiency. For improving the productivity of container crane, the more efficient container yard operation method is necessary in container terminals. Recently, container terminal operators make an experiment on the dual cycle operation, which ship loading/unloading were carried out simultaneously, for increasing the productivity of container crane. In this paper, propose a system operating efficient dual cycle methods as utilize Ad-hoc technology in distributed port operation system. The dual cycle methods that proposed recognizes position information of Y/T during an action in Ad-hoc networks in case of container transfer works by real time as load an Ad-hoc module to Y/T taking charge of a container transfer with quay and yard. Utilize Ad-hoc networks technology in an operating system of container yard, and efficiently distributed processing done Y/T to container crane compare with operation systems of the existing dedicated method, and an improvement can do an operating system of an yard.