Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peculiar features of metaphorical phraseological units

In this article, we have decided to focus on the term “phraseological pun” as well. In this case, the last component of a phraseological unit can have a “free meaning”, that is to say it may lose its primary usage and may change the meaning to mean a different object, item or sense. This technique enables users of the metaphorical idioms to pay attention to more distinctive features of lexemes, to get into the meanings of ordinary words, to feel the expressiveness of a phraseological unit. In the English language, postpositional component of a metaphorical expression is usually used in a different meaning.
Globalization of English language: a blessing or curse on Kurdish language

The language we use, like many other things such as sun shine, water, air, rain, sound, food …etc is in a rapid change. Different studies and surveys are found about the number of languages that have disappeared in the last 500 years. At an alarming rate, many languages are dying and many others are reviving all over the world, as Crystal (2000: 1) defines language death as “a language dies when nobody speaks it any more” and this idea is close to Campbell’s (1994) view point when he states that “The loss of a language due to gradual shift to the dominant language in language contact situations”. Kurdish language is an example of a minority language as being surrounded by Persian, Turkish, Arabic and some other majority languages such as English. Kurdish language is not apart from many other languages that are in a critical situation whether to revive or die. As the world becomes more connected, language diversity is falling at an unprecedented rate. Globalization is about human contact. Indeed, the continental, and later global spread of certain languages is the clearest long-term evidence of what global contacts have been achieved. Beside its advantage for some languages to help them becoming the dominant language, yet it helps in polluting the minority languages. The present study is a descriptive analytic study. It aims at knowing whether English language, which is a globalized language, is a curse or blessing to the educated Kurdish language speakers in the age of 15-30 at Kurdistan regional government (KRG)/Garmian province. This is by preparing the descriptive and inferential information, the descriptive data including the age, gender and sentences with choosing a Kurdish or English words. The data showed that there is a rapid increase of using and preferring English words in the daily conversations instead of the Kurdish words. The study found that Kurdish speakers at the age of 15-20 years old are using English words in a higher rate than the ages of 21-25 and 26-30, and higher in 21-25 than 26-30 years old.
Simulated evaluation of new switching based median filter for suppressing SPN and RVIN

In the past two decades, the SPN (salt and pepper noise) suppressing method is worldwide interested researches on computer vision and image processing hence many SPN suppressing methods have been proposed. In general, the primary goal of SPN removal method is the suppressing of SPN in digital images thereby one of the recent effective and powerful SPN suppressing methods is a new switching-based median filtering (NSMF), which is innovated for suppressing high density SPN. Consequently, this paper thoroughly examines its efficiency and constrain of a new switching-based median filtering when this filter is used for contaminated image, which is synthesized by SPN and RVIN (random-value impulsive noise). In these simulations, six well-known images (Lena, Mobile, Pepper, Pentagon, Girl, Resolution) with two impulsive noise classes (SPN and RVIN) are used for measuring the its efficiency and constrain. An evaluation of the efficiency is conducted with many previous methods in forms of subjective and objective indicators.
An Optimized Bayesian Hierarchical Two-Parameter Logistic Model for Small-Sample Item Calibration

Accurate item calibration in models of item response theory (IRT) requires rather large samples. For instance, N > 500 respondents are typically recommended for the two-parameter logistic (2PL) model. Hence, this model is considered a large-scale application, and its use in small-sample contexts is limited. Hierarchical Bayesian approaches are frequently proposed to reduce the sample size requirements of the 2PL. This study compared the small-sample performance of an optimized Bayesian hierarchical 2PL (H2PL) model to its standard inverse Wishart specification, its nonhierarchical counterpart, and both unweighted and weighted least squares estimators (ULSMV and WLSMV) in terms of sampling efficiency and accuracy of estimation of the item parameters and their variance components. To alleviate shortcomings of hierarchical models, the optimized H2PL (a) was reparametrized to simplify the sampling process, (b) a strategy was used to separate item parameter covariances and their variance components, and (c) the variance components were given Cauchy and exponential hyperprior distributions. Results show that when combining these elements in the optimized H2PL, accurate item parameter estimates and trait scores are obtained even in sample sizes as small as N = 100 . This indicates that the 2PL can also be applied to smaller sample sizes encountered in practice. The results of this study are discussed in the context of a recently proposed multiple imputation method to account for item calibration error in trait estimation.
Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Islamic Banking: The Role of Quality, Economic, and Image

This study is conducted to evaluate the effect of service quality, economic, and image in determining customer satisfaction and loyalty towards Islamic Bank. Accordance with the provisions of DSN-MUI Islamic Banks are required to run their business based on Islamic principles. Serving customers maximally is a form of applying Islamic principles in business ethics. The data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to 280 customers of Islamic banks in two cities, Medan and Bandung. This study uses Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). The data analysis results show that service quality (measured by tangible, assurance, empathy, and responsiveness) is an important determinant of customer satisfaction and loyalty. Image only gives significant impact on satisfaction but not on loyalty. From managerial perspective, this study provides a guidance for Islamic bank managers that beside providing high service quality, they also need to be efficient as well as to have a favorable image as important strategies for advancing their banks competitive advantage. The results of this study can be used as a consideration for company management through improving services to customers and forming a good image in the society because it can be a positive signal to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Supermatrix analyses and molecular clock rooting of Fabales: Exploring the effects of outgroup choice and long branch attraction on topology

Fabales is a cosmopolitan angiosperm order that consists of four families: Leguminosae (Fabaceae), Polygalaceae, Surianaceae, and Quillajaceae. Despite the great interest in this group, a convincing phylogeny of the order is still not available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explicitly test for possible long branch attraction (LBA) problems within Fabales for the first time, and determine whether low tree stemminess and unequal branch lengths could worsen this problem. Supermatrix analysis of Fabales was carried out using previously published plastid matK, trnL, rbcL, and newly sequenced nuclear sqd1 regions for 678 taxa in total, including 43 outgroup taxa from families of Fabidae. We employed additional analyses, such as simulations, network analyses, sampling different outgroup taxa (random or real), removing fast evolving sites and fast evolving taxa, and molecular clock rooting, to identify both LBA and (or) rooting problems. These analyses clearly show that the Fabales phylogeny has been influenced by the sampling of outgroup taxa, but not LBA. However, network analyses show that even though it is weak, there is a consistent phylogenetic signal among the rapidly radiated Fabales families, which can be traced by further analyses. While, molecular clock rooting analysis yielded a (Leguminosae(Polygalaceae(Surianaceae+Quillajaceae))) topology with strong support for the first time here, supermatrix analyses yielded a ((Leguminosae+Polygalaceae)(Surianaceae+Quillajaceae)) with low-moderate support.
Health coaching by behavior analysts in practice: How and why.

Approximately half of the U. S. population is living with a chronic disease that could be prevented or abated by lifestyle changes. We have a behavior problem of great social significance that requires carefully designed interventions that produce meaningful changes in behavior, ideally by drawing from the extensive basic and applied research literature in behavior analysis. But to truly address this problem, we will need many more behavior analysts in practice, given the scope of what is facing us. At least for now, behavior analysts who want to practice in the broad field of behavioral health need to establish and maintain professional credentials in new areas of practice. In this paper we describe how BACB certificants can obtain certification as a Health Coach and why it might be fruitful to do so. Specifically, we define the emerging practice area of health coaching, identify some similarities and differences in professional competencies in health coaching as compared to behavior analysis, describe the necessary steps for behavior analysts in practice to become certified health coaches, and suggest ways in which behavior analysts can meaningfully contribute to the practice of health coaching. We conclude with suggestions for how to establish behavior-analytic services focused on health coaching.
Evaluación de la incidencia de Epinotia aporema (Walsingham, 1914) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) en el rendimiento y calidad del frijol Phaseolus vulgaris L. en el oriente antioqueño

Resumen: El Oriente Antioqueno, una de las principales zonas productoras de frijol del pais, es tambien una de las regiones de mayor consumo de insecticidas de la zona Andina. Para subsanar esta situacion, se emprendio un proyecto liderado por el Programa de Entomologia de Frijol del Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical CIAT, buscando implantar un sistema de Manejo Integrado de Plagas para pequenos agricultores. EI diagnostico inicial sobre las poblaciones fitofagas asociadas a este cultivo, indico la presencia de una especie (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) causando danos multiples en ambas fases (vegetativa y reproductiva), lo que se constituyo en un factor critico para la toma de decisiones y motivo la presente investigacion. Inicialmente se efectuaron muestreos durante los semestres 01 y 02 de 1995 y 01 de 1996, en los municipios de: Guarne, Rionegro, Marinilla, Carmen de Viboral, San Vicente y Santuario: para determinar la presencia de especies (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) asociadas a los cultivos de frijol cargamanto voluble, ya que se tenia indicios de la presencia en esta zona, de dos especies de este grupo, ocupando nichos similares en el mismo hospedero: Epinotia aporema y Cydia fabivora. Se pudo constatar que en la actualidad, solo se encuentra E. aporema. Con este resultado se estudio para esta especie: La biologia, fluctuacion poblacional, efecto en el rendimiento y Umbral de Accion, para determinar el momento oportuno al que se justifica aplicar medidas de control; adicionalmente se efectuo un reconocimiento de enemigos naturales.
Customer Service Segment of Customer Relationship Management in the Retail Banking Sector in Ireland

Background- This research study is based on the customer service element of the CRM in the retail banking sector in Ireland. This research was interesting and worth searching for me to understand the efficiency of the customer service system of the Irish retail banking sector that effects CRM. Lack of competition in the Irish banking sector, monopoly and other complexities in the managing customer service excellence is the risk to CRM that could be severely affected the competitive position and financial soundness. Aim/Objectives- Examining the importance of the efficient customer service or support for the customer relationship management in the context of gaining customers’ loyalty and managing relationship with them in the long run for the financial stability. Research Question¬- This research study answered to the questions; such as RQ 1: How and to what extent can current customer service support utilised in the Irish retail banking sector ensure active customer relationship management? , RQ 2: How can changes in the market of Ireland have been affecting customer service support system of Irish banks and ultimately customer relationship management? and RQ 3: What are the required changes to be incorporated in the customer service support for the retail banking customers in the Irish banking sector and their effects on customer relationship management? Methodology¬- Under the primary and secondary search, this research study were collected data through conducting a survey with employees in Irish retail banking sector to access the knowledge of customer service, and accessed case studies of several Irish Retail Banks; namely Bank of Ireland, Allied Irish Bank and KBC Ireland. Academic sources (books, journals and online articles) were also reviewed for gaining subject knowledge to address research objectives. Findings and Conclusion- It has been analysed that the customer service system in the Irish banking sector has been considerably affected CRM. The key emphasises of Irish banking institutions to build and maintain customer relationship is on the quality of service provision as per their expectation. The advancements in the banking services are significantly focused by the management for the long-term effect of competitive position in terms of retention of the old customers and attraction of prospective customer for the high market share and profitability growth. However, banks in Ireland have faced complications in managing the effectiveness of banking service due to easy acceptance of IT-based services and existence of quasi-monopoly.
Bridging the Gap between Laboratory and Field Experiments in American Eel Detection Using Transfer Learning and Convolutional Neural Network

An automatic system that utilizes data analytics and machine learning to identify adult American eel in data obtained by imaging sonars is created in this study. Wavelet transform has been applied to de-noise the ARIS sonar data and a convolutional neural network model has been built to classify eels and non-eel objects. Because of the unbalanced amounts of data in laboratory and field experiments, a transfer learning strategy is implemented to fine-tune the convolutional neural network model so that it performs well for both the laboratory and field data. The proposed system can provide important information to develop mitigation strategies for safe passage of out-migrating eels at hydroelectric facilities.
Unlocking the Linear Lock-In: Mapping Research on Barriers to Transition

The linear paradigm of take-make-dispose in production and consumption patterns impedes the achievement of global sustainability goals. Strategies for maintaining the added value of resources and circulating them have been discussed as promising for the future. There are, however, many barriers to be addressed to overcome the linear lock-in. The large body of literature on these barriers is notably diverse in terms of theory, methods, sectors, products, and settings. This demonstrates the complexity of delineating implications to the practice and research needs. Without a common framework to analyse barriers, knowledge does not accumulate, hindering the development and implementation of solutions and policies that could effectively address the barriers. In this article, we developed a systematic map of studies on barriers related to the circular transition. The purpose was twofold: (1) to classify published research on barriers; (2) to provide a searchable database for future more rigorous systematic literature reviews. We reviewed the abstract of 527 publications and classified the study according to a developed scheme. This classification scheme includes the research paradigms (circular economy, sharing economy, collaborative consumption and product-service systems), circular strategy (recycling, remanufacturing, component/product reuse, and access-based consumption), country, sector/industry/product, and research approach and method. The resulting research map is open source, serving also as an adaptive digital database for researchers alike to perform systematic reviews and contribute further to its collaborative development.
Fighting and Framing Fake
 News

We begin by looking at definitions of fake news, taking ideas from science studies and philosophy to argue that the status of a news story as real or fake depends not on its truth content or on the intention of its producer but on the process by which it was constructed. We then document eight frames deployed by experts to explain fake news: as a weapon of war; a form of online dishonesty; a kind of state propaganda; a profitable business; an extreme form of media bias; a plot to delegitimate alternative media; a product of a post-truth society; and finally as a flaw in human nature. These different frames have naturally led to different proposed and attempted methods of fighting fake news. We document six of these weapons, tying each to the most relevant frames: fact checking & rebuttal; policing online platforms; counterpropaganda campaigns; censorship or regulation of media; media literacy training; and political reform. Throughout we take examples from Ukraine, on the frontline of the fight against fake news since 2014, as well as from the better known experiences of the United States.
An Efficient Hybrid Control Strategy for Restraining Rumor Spreading

Toward combating the malicious rumor spreading on online social networks, we discuss a hybrid control strategy that combines a continuous truth spreading method and an impulsive rumor blocking method in this article. In this strategy, the truth is introduced as an anti-rumor to compete with the rumor while the rumor-infected users would be quarantined with a limited isolation period. The stability of the rumor-free equilibrium of the rumor-truth propagation system is analyzed and conditions to reach uniform asymptotic stability as well as global exponential stability are obtained. For the endemic case, the conditions under which rumor would persist uniformly are obtained. An optimal hybrid control problem is formulated to address the tradeoff between restraining rumor and minimizing the cost of control. The necessary conditions for optimal system and the structure of optimal hybrid control are obtained. Numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the theoretical results and evaluate the potential roles of the hybrid control strategy.
ESTRATEGIAS PARA EL FOMENTO DE LA MENTALIDAD Y CULTURA EMPRENDEDORA EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE POSGRADO DE LA CORPORACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA MINUTO DE DIOS BUCARAMANGA

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación que comprende la revisión de las técnicas utilizadas en el centro de emprendimiento de la Corporación universitaria minuto de Dios para fomentar el emprendimiento y la innovación en sus estudiantes de posgrado, posteriormente, se mide el clima de emprendimiento e innovación para ellos siguiendo los parámetros del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, y de ésta manera se evidencian las principales necesidades del centro, con el fin de plantear estrategias de mejora para contribuir de gran manera con el progreso del emprendimiento en la institución y así fortalecer el espíritu emprendedor en los estudiantes de posgrado
A single dose of dark chocolate increases parasympathetic modulation and heart rate variability in healthy subjects

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito agudo de uma unica dose de chocolate amargo (70% cacau) sobre a pressao arterial e a variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca. Metodos: Trinta e um individuos saudaveis (com idade entre 18-25 anos; ambos os sexos) foram divididos em dois grupos: 10 individuos no grupo chocolate branco (7,4 g) e 21 no grupo chocolate amargo (10,0 g); as avaliacoes foram realizadas no laboratorio de fisiologia da Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre. Resultados: O eletrocardiograma foi realizado para analisar o balanco simpatovagal atraves da analise espectral e simbolica. Uma unica dose de chocolate amargo reduziu significativamente a pressao arterial sistolica e a frequencia cardiaca. Depois de consumir 10 g de chocolate amargo, observou-se aumento significativo na variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca, o desvio padrao dos intervalos, a raiz quadrada da media do quadrado das diferencas entre os intervalos RR normais adjacentes a raiz quadrada da media da soma dos quadrados das diferencas entre os intervalos NN normais adjacentes e um aumento na componente de alta frequencia em valores absolutos, o que representa a modulacao parassimpatica. Conclusao: Em conclusao, a importância dos resultados aqui apresentados reside na magnitude da resposta provocada por uma dose unica de cacau (10 g). Esta provocou um aumento significativo da modulacao parassimpatica e da variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca no coracao. Esses efeitos, quando combinados, podem, potencialmente, aumentar a esperanca de vida, porque a reducao da variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca esta associada a doencas cardiovasculares e maior mortalidade.
Makna Ruang Sakral pada Tata Ruang Dalam Rumah Panggung Tradisional Bugis

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan makna nilai kesakralan pada beberapa ruang rumah tradisional Bugis, sebagai pengejawantahan budaya menghuni masyarakat tradisional Bugis. Dari penelitian terdahulu yang telah dikemukaan, penelitian tentang penataan ruang terhadap kesakralan ruang belum pernah dilakukan. Belum adanya penelitian yang mengungkapkan makna ruang rumah Bugis yang merupakan ruang sakral. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan: model Intrisic Case Study Approach dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik metode Analisis Tema Kultural (Discovering Cultural Themes). Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa aktifitas yang dianggap sakral (suci) pada orang Bugis seperti melahirkan, menikah dan meninggal, harus dilakukan pada ruang yang dapat mewakili keselamatan, keharmonisan dan keseimbangan dengan jagat raya, sehingga penghuni rumah bisa hidup bahagia dan terhindar dari malapetaka. Hal ini mempengaruhi susunan/penataan dan pemanfaatan ruang pada rumah tradisional Bugis, karena semakin tinggi nilai kesakralan ruang maka letaknya semakin private. Penataan ruang berdasarkan fungsi kesakralan pada rumah Bugis seperti ini tidak ditemukan pada rumah tradisional lainnya.