Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE AND RESULTS OF MICROSURGICAL RESECTION OF ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION (AVM) IN THE PRESENCE OF SPACE- OCCUPYING INTRACEREBRAL HAEMATOMA (ICH)

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcome and obliteration rates of microsurgical resection of Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) when performed concomitantly with evacuation of an associated space-occupying Intracerebral Haematoma (ICH). Methods: Data on the presentation, management, and outcome of patients with AVM were collected prospectively. Cases were identified in which an AVM was resected and an associated spaceoccupying ICH was evacuated at the same time. Cases with only small associated intraparenchymal haemorrhage, or those in which an AVM was resected following previous evacuation of an ICH, or after the ICH had completely resolved, were excluded. Remaining cases were divided into: “Group 1” in which the surgery was performed acutely within 48 hours of presentation due to signs of elevated intracranial pressure; and “Group 2” in which selected patients were operated upon in the presence of a liquefying ICH in the “sub-acute” stage. Technically, the ICH cavity provided an operative trajectory to a deep AVM, or facilitated the deep dissection of the nidus. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), with a score of 0-2 considered a good outcome. Obliteration rates were assessed using post-operative angiography. Results: Between 2001 and 2014, 126 patients underwent microsurgical resection of an intracranial vascular malformation, of which 61cases were included. In “Group 1” (n=20; Spetzler-Martin Class A in 13, Class B in 4, and Class C in 3), 10/20 (50%) had a good outcome and in 17/18 (94%) of those who had a postoperative angiogram the AVMs were completely obliterated. In “Group 2” (n=41; Spetzler-Martin Class A in 30, Class B in 9, and Class C in 2), 37/41 (90%) had a good outcome and 39/41(95%) were obliterated with a single procedure. For supratentorial AVMs the ICH cavity was utilised to provide an operative trajectory to a deep AVM in 11 cases and in 23 cases the ICH cavity was deep to the AVM and hence facilitated the deep dissection of the nidus. Conclusions: In selected patients the presence of a liquefying ICH cavity may facilitate the resection of AVMs when performed in the subacute stage resulting in a good neurological outcome and obliteration rate.
Antibacterial Properties of Associates Based on Camel Thorn (Alhagi

New associate with antibacterial properties based on vegetable raw materials and polymer was obtained. Based on the result viscometric, spectrophotometric, electro kinetic and IR spectroscopic studies found that associates extract of camel thorn with polymer formed due to electrostatic and hydrogen bonds stabilized by hydrophobic interactions. Results of the study show that complexes inhibit pockets of brown rust on spring wheat. In processing the water-soluble complexes number of infected plants is reduced to 70% on average.
M A ] 2 0 D ec 2 01 9 Convergence of Opinion Diffusion is PSPACE-complete

We analyse opinion diffusion in social networks, where a finite set of individuals is connected in a directed graph and each simultaneously changes their opinion to that of the majority of their influencers. We study the algorithmic properties of the fixed-point behaviour of such networks, showing that the problem of establishing whether individuals converge to stable opinions is PSPACE-complete.
Association of lifelong occupation and educational level with subclinical atherosclerosis is stronger in north Europe, independently of conventional risk factors and dietary habits. Results from the IMPROVE study

The association between socioeconomic status (SES) and subclinical atherosclerosis, as assessed by carotid intima-mediathickness (C-IMT), has been widely documented, but whether the effect of social inequality on C-IMT is mediated by cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, and whether it is dissimilar in males and females, or in different European countries, is still debated. We investigated the association of occupation and educational level with C-IMT in the IMPROVE study cohort, including 3,703 subjects (median age 64.4 years; 48% men) from southern (Italy), western (France and the Netherlands) and northern Europe (Finland and Sweden). Three summary measures of C-IMT (IMTmean, IMTmax, IMTmean-max), obtained from four segments of both carotids, were considered. After adjusting for conventional CV risk factors, current employment status and diet, C-IMT was higher in manual workers vs. white collars (+7.7%, +5.3%, +4.6% for IMTmax, IMTmean-max and IMTmean, all p<0.0001). Similar results were obtained by stratification for educational level. The effect of occupation on C-IMT was comparable in men and women, and in different age groups, and was only partially explained by CV risk factors. Of interest, the association of C-IMT with occupation was significant in western and northern Europe but not in Italy, with a significant occupation × region interaction (p=0.0005). In conclusion, low SES was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in a European cohort; the association of occupation was nearly null in Italy, but very marked in the rest of Europe, and this difference was not explained by cardiovascular risk factors and behavioural variables.
The Developmental Psychiatric Approach to Aggressive Behavior Among Persons With Intellectual Disabilities

still miss a solid approach for treating these problems. The diagnostic systems currently in use such as DSM and ICD do not cover the diversity of the manifestations of aggression in this population. This hampers understanding and explanation of the phenomenon and makes it very difficult to stipulate the appropriate treatment approach. For this reason a necessity is growing to find alternative approaches which, by augmenting the existing diagnostics within DSM and ICD systems, could bring more clarity into the mechanisms, presentation form and course of this disorder (see also Gardner ). 22 In our daily practice we have been utilizing 18,19
DESIGN OF A CARBON FIBER BICYCLE STEM USING AN INTERNAL BLADDER AND RESIN TRANSFER MOLDING

The goal of this research is to design, analyze and manufacture a carbon fiber bicycle stem that maximizes the use of carbon fiber composites. The stem is the part of the bicycle that connects the handlebar to the fork. The design is difficult due to the small size and complex geometry of the part, thus not obvious to conceive with a standard composite manufacturing approach. The major problems are: the integrity of the part, the fastening method, the injection process and the post-molding operations. This project is the result of several design iterations. Early prototypes allowed identification of the basic structural, aesthetic and manufacturing problems. In conjunction with a bicycle manufacturer, essential features (e.g., length, weight) were defined. With all the required specifications and the experience of the early prototypes, a general manufacturing plan was devised. Work began with a concurrent design and analysis process, where shapes would be designed on a 3-D CAD system and sent to finite element analysis software to find weaknesses and allow modifications. The machining and preparation of the prototyping molds followed the design stage. The molds were used to experiment with the injection and curing processes where several matrix systems were evaluated. After a limited production of prototypes, a set of jigs was designed to perform the postmachining operations and a series of tests was run to detect any possible flaws in the design. The resulting design was successful in terms of weight, stiffness, strength and aesthetic properties. Finished parts weighed below 125g and demonstrated sufficient torsion and bending stiffness values. Even though the process is here applied to a composite part for the sports industry, the manufacturing techniques developed in this project can be applied to many other fields such as aerospace or automotive. The techniques can be used anywhere where a small, complex, hollow composite part is designed, especially where existing manufacturing methods prove difficult.
Depression, Anxiety and Substance Use Among Undergraduate Students at North-West University, South Africa

Globally, there is an upsurge in the use of substance. The rate of prevalence in South Africa in recent times is worrisome, particularly among the youth population. This paper investigate the association between depression, anxiety, stress and substance use among youths at North-West University, Mafikeng campus. Data were collected from a convenient sample of 336 (female=62.8%) undergraduate students from the North-West university, Mafikeng campus. Results from the Pearson Product Moment Correlation analyses revealed that depression and anxiety positively correlated with substance use. That is, increased level of substance use may be linked to heightened level of depression, anxiety and substance use among undergraduates. The study revealed that depression and anxiety were responsible for the upsurge in substance use among the youth population. Thus, accessibility to existing psychosocial facilities on campus and other designated centres can provide help to students with depression and anxiety problems and consequently reduce substance use.
Issues for Teaching Phonics in a Multilingual Context: A Brunei Perspective

The vast array of research evidence supporting the inclusion of phonics in early reading programmes suggests that its use should be beyond question. Indeed, phonics is now a compulsory component in the UK Primary English curriculum and increasingly important in other Western and Eastern countries. Brunei Darussalam also now includes phonics instruction as part of its new National Education curriculum (SPN 21). What remains a crucial question is just „how best‟ to implement phonics to ensure maximum learning outcomes for our students. To achieve a best practice scenario it is essential that schools examine the myriad of factors essential for successful implementation. This article examines many of the key aspects necessary in developing a successful phonics programme, including: basic approaches, progression, assessment and teacher preparation. In examining this research it will also reflect periodically on how a young South East Asian country, Brunei Darussalam, is coping with its own implementation of phonics for its bilingual learners. It is hoped that his analysis may provide some guidelines to assist teachers and educational authorities, especially those involved with young ESL learners.
EVALUATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AL6061 METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE REINFORCED WITH FUSED ZIRCONIA ALUMINA

The present study deals with the evaluation of mechanical properties of aluminium alloy (Al6061) metal matrix composites reinforced with fused zirconia alumina (ZA-40) bonded abrasive particles which were fabricated by stir casting method. The sample specimens were prepared by varying the percentage of weight fraction of reinforced particles as 5,10,15 and the remaining aluminium alloy respectively. The mechanical properties were analysed. The evaluation of mechanical properties indicates variations in tensile strength, hardness and impact strength with respect to composite combinations. From the experimental studies, the optimum weight percentage of the matrix and reinforcement on the basis of mechanical properties was found to be 90 and 10 respectively.
Popular subsets for Euler’s ' -function

Let ϕ( n ) = # ( Z / n Z ) × (Euler’s totient function). Let (cid:3) > 0, and let α ∈ ( 0 , 1 ) . We prove that for all x > x 0 ((cid:3), α) and every subset S of [ 1 , x ] with # S ≤ x 1 − α , the number of n ≤ x with ϕ( n ) ∈ S is at most x / L ( x ) α − (cid:3) , where Under plausible conjectures on the distribution of smooth shifted primes, this upper bound is best possible, in the sense that the number α appearing in the exponent of L ( x ) cannot be replaced by anything larger.
In nite combinatorics and the foundations of regular variation by

The theory of regular variation is largely complete in one dimension, but is developed under regularity or smoothness assumptions. For functions of a real variable, Lebesgue measurability su¢ ces, and so does having the property of Baire. We nd here that the preceding two properties have common combinatorial generalizations, exempli ed by containment up to translation of subsequences. All of our combinatorial regularity properties are equivalent to the uniform convergence property. Classi cation: 26A03; 04A15; 02K20. Keywords: Regular variation, uniform convergence theorem, Cauchy functional equation, Baire property, measurability, density topology, measurecategory duality, in nite combinatorics, subuniversal set, No Trumps Principle.
OPTH_A_184412 1115..1122

Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA Abstract: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease of ocular surface and tear film, and is a common disorder treated by eye care providers. It is well established that ocular surface inflammation has an important role in the pathophysiology of DED and that antiinflammatory cyclosporine A (CsA) improves the treatment outcomes of most patients with DED. The purpose of this review is to provide guidance for practitioners in the use of topical CsA for the management of DED to improve patient satisfaction and the quality of life.
Vertical Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in a Tropical Community Forest of Nepal

This paper reports the findings of a research conducted in Kankali community forest, Chitwan, Nepal, to quantify the vertical distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen in 1 m soil profile depth. This community forest represents a tropical Shorea robusta-dominated community forest. It was found that the soil had 122.36 t/ha SOC and 12.74 t/ha nitrogen in 1 m soil profile in 2012, with 0.99% soil organic matter and 0.10% nitrogen concentration in average. Carbon and nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) of the soil was found to be 9.90. Both bulk density and C/N ratio were found increasing with increase in soil depth. The SOC and nitrogen were found significantly different across different soil layers up to 1 m soil profile depth. The average pH of the forest soil was found to be 5.3. Looking into the values of stocks of SOC and nitrogen, it is concluded that Kankali community forest has played a role in global climate change mitigation by storing considerable amounts of SOC. Involvement of local community in management of tropical forest cannot be overlooked in the process of climate change mitigation.
Effect of Moxibustion on Intestinal Microbiome in Acute Gastric Ulcer Rats

In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), moxibustion had been used for thousands of years. Many clinical case reports and scientific studies had proved that moxibustion had a good effect in treating acute gastric ulcer (AGU). Some studies had shown that the relative content and species of bacteria in the intestinal would be changed when gastric mucosal injury happened. However, there was little research on the effect of intestinal microbiome with AGU rats that were treating by moxibustion. This study is aimed at analyzing the effect of fecal microbiome in rats with AGU by the 16S rDNA sequencing technology. Male SD rats were established by orally feeding once with 70% ethanol at 4 ml/kg except the control group, then treated by moxibustion in the stomach meridian group (“Liangmen,” “Zusanli”) and the gallbladder meridian group (“Riyue,” “Yanglingquan”) for 5 days. The 16S rDNA sequencing technology analysis of feces combined with histopathological methods and molecular biological detection methods was used to evaluate the therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion on AGU. AGU brought cause changes in the number and species of intestinal bacteria. Moxibustion on stomach meridian group could reduce the area of gastric mucosal injury and regulate the relative content of GAS and EGF. Moreover, moxibustion on the stomach meridian group could increase the relative content and species of beneficial bacteria in the intestine of rats with AGU. The relative abundance of intestinal probiotics was significantly upregulated in Alphaproteobacteria, Actinomycetales, and Bacillales. In addition, moxibustion might promote the repair of gastric mucosal injury by increasing the number and species of beneficial bacteria in the intestine.
Epidemiologic Studies on Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents

In recent decades, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents has increased worldwide, now reaching pandemic proportions. Identification of early risk factors is essential for the prevention of excessive weight gain in childhood. Weight development involves an intricate interplay between environmental and genetic factors; however, lifestyle choices, such as dietary habits, may significantly alter the risk for obesity. The aims of the present study were 1) to identify early-life risk factors associated with adolescent overweight and obesity, 2) to investigate the association between meal frequencies and overweight, obesity and the features of the metabolic syndrome in adolescents and 3) to examine whether meal frequency could modulate the effect of common genetic variants on body mass index (BMI) in adolescence. The study population was derived from the prospective, population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Data collection began prenatally with the latest follow-up being conducted in 2001–2002 when the participants were 16 years old. The genetic data comprised eight single nucleotide polymorphisms at or near eight obesity-susceptibility loci including the variants FTO rs1421085 and MC4R rs17782313. Paternal overweight and obesity before pregnancy were nearly as important as maternal pregravid overweight and obesity as risk factors for adolescent overweight in both genders. Regarding parental long-term BMI status, the risk for overweight was notably high in those boys and girls both of whose parents had BMI ≥25 from pre-pregnancy to 16-year follow-up. After adjusting for potential confounders such as maternal education level and smoking in early pregnancy, it was found that the highest fourth of maternal weight gain (>7.0 kg) during the first 20 weeks of gestation was associated with offspring overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity but nonetheless maternal pregravid obesity was a relatively more important determinant of both outcomes. Three different meal patterns were examined at age 16; a regular five-meal pattern was associated with reduced risks of overweight/obesity in both genders and abdominal obesity in boys after taking into account several early-life and later childhood factors. Moreover, the regular five-meal pattern attenuated the increasing effect of the common genetic variants studied on BMI. These findings emphasise the importance of taking early on a whole-family approach to childhood obesity prevention. Furthermore, it is important to be aware that the effects of predisposing genotypes can be modified by lifestyle habits such as regular meal frequency. National Library of Medicine Classification: WD 210, QU 500, WS 115, WS 460 Medical Subject Headings: Overweight/epidemiology; Obesity/epidemiology; Meals; Diet; Genetic Variation; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Metabolic Syndrome X; Body Mass Index; Adolescent; Cohort Studies, Finland
Multicentre initiative for standardisation of image biomarkers

impact. The dosimetric impact of using different IVDTs when modifying energy, reconstruction kernel and patient size individually are below 2 %, for all Cyberknife and Tomotherapy plans considered. This is also the case for most of our pCT images. In extreme cases for tCT, e.g. when comparing a small patient scanned at 100 kV using the FC64 reconstruction kernel compared to a large patient scanned at 135 kV using the FC13 kernel, HU differences up to 900 (in bone) can be obtained leading to systematic dose differences up to 6 % (DVH shift). Using an “average” IVDT still leads to dose uncertainties > 2 %. Results can be CT scanner specific. Conclusion Uncertainties on pCT images used for MRI-only treatment planning should be compared to those on tCT images. The uncertainties on tCT images (even when not considering CT artifacts) are non-negligible and are of the same order as those on pCT images generated by e.g. atlas-based methods.
Analysis and Experimental Validation of Current-Fed Switched Capacitor-Based Modular DC Transformer

Medium-voltage dc (MVdc) power distribution grid is a key link to build dc power networks. In this article, a novel input-series-output-parallel modular dc transformer (DCT) with the high-frequency-link (HFL) voltage buck–boost matching strategy is proposed for MVdc grids application. The proposed DCT is composed of a current-fed switched capacitor structure and corresponding dual-active-bridge converters, and they need to operate collaboratively to achieve the great property. Comparing with the traditional switched capacitor-based DCT (SCDCT), the most salient merits of the proposed DCT include the HFL voltage buck–boost adaptive regulation, the low conducting and switching current in switches and the capacitor voltages self-balance characteristic. These merits are all beneficial for the improvement of efficiency, operating reliability, switching performance, and cost of DCT systems. Meanwhile, the proposed DCT reserves the advantages of SCDCT including redundant submodule design and dc fault isolating capability. The topology, buck–boost modulation principle, capacitor voltage self-balance analysis, switching behaviors, and comprehensive comparison with the traditional SCDCT are completed in detail. Finally, the experimental results validate the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed solution.
Why Not “Spop”? OCP and Prominent Position Effects on the English Lexicon

In 1969, E. C. Fudge discovered that the English lexicon is conspicuously void of words like “spop,” having the syllable structure sCVC, where the two consonants are specified for the same place of articulation (Fudge, 1969). Davis (Paradis & Prunet, 1991) conducted a computerized search of nearly 20,000 words in Webster’s Pocket Dictionary and found that “no monomorphemic sCVC sequences were found in which the two C’s were identical noncoronal consonants. ” Words like spop, spep and skik are underrepresented in our vocabulary. In contrast, morphemes having the sequence sCVC when the two C’s are different noncoronals, or where one C is coronal and the other is noncoronal, are common: we have words like speak, skip, scaffold, scuba, stake, stop, stable, and stagger (Table 1; Interestingly, both exceptions have only recently been added to the English lexicon).
Dynamics of Continuum and Soft Robots: A Strain Parameterization Based Approach

In this article, we propose a new dynamic model of Cosserat beams in view of its application to continuum and soft robotics manipulation and locomotion. In contrast to usual approaches, it is based on the nonlinear parameterization of the beam shape by its strain fields and their reduction on a functional basis of strain modes. While remaining geometrically exact, the approach provides us with a minimal set of ordinary differential equations in the usual Lagrange matrix form that can be exploited for analysis and control design. Inspired from rigid robotics, the calculation of the matrices of this Lagrangian model is performed with a new reduced inverse Newton–Euler algorithm. To assess the approach, this Lagrangian model is compared against a well-validated finite element method through several benches of nonlinear structural statics and dynamics.