Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial mapping of wall velocity gradients for wavy Taylor-Couette flow

Experiments were carried out in the wavy flow between concentric cylinders with the inner cylinder rotating and outer cylinder fixed. The radius and aspect ratios were 0.8 and 44, respectively. The electrodiffusion method with a three-segment and simple micro-electrodes was used for study of the axial and azimuthal components of velocity gradient at the outer cylinder. The axial distributions of the components of wall velocity gradient were obtained by sweeping the vortices along the probes using a slow axial flow. The wavelength and phase celerity of waves, height of vortices and their drifting velocity were calculated from the measured limiting diffusion currents.
Effects of low temperature upon hatchability and chick quality of Ross-308 broiler breeder eggs during transportation. Online J. Anim. Feed Res., 9(2): 59-67. www.ojafr.ir;

In current experiment n=20,000 Ross-308 broiler breeder eggs collected from 33 week old flocks were subjected to cold stress during transportation. Eggs were allocated to 4 temperature groups (treatments): 1.5°C, 2°C, 3.5°C, 5°C, and a control group, 20°C. Each treatment had 4,000 eggs, and data were analyzed in a completely randomized design. The results of this study showed that cold stress had a significant effect on percentage of egg weight loss (P<0.001), and minimal egg weight loss occurred in the control group. The percentage of exploders and early hatched chicks and chick weight were higher in the below 3°C temperature treatment than the other groups (P<0.01). Cold stress had a significant effect on chick length, hatchability, and the hatching of fertile eggs (P<0.001). The effects of cold stress on chick yield and body weight uniformity were significant (P<0.01). The effect of cold stress on hatchery by product efficiency was significant (P<0.001), but did not affect fertility. Cold stress also had significant effects on early (1-8 days), middle (9-17 days), and late mortality (20-21 days); total embryo mortality; and exposed brain. Ectopic viscera was significant (P<0.001), and most mortality was observed in below 4°C treatments. Total percentages of malpositions and deformity (P<0.001) and egg contamination at 1-9 days (first stage) and 10-21 days (second phase) were affected by cold stress (P<0.001). Cold stress also had a significant impact on the number of cull chicks; percent of string navel, button navel, total string, and button; omphalitis; full body cavity; red hocks; dehydration; dirty chickens; and stubby down. Cold stress affects performance during incubation and overall chick quality.
EFFECTS OF FEEDING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF Balanites aegyptiaca (HEGLIG) KERNEL CAKE ON CATTLE RUMEN ENVIROMENT

The present experiment aimed to investigate the effects of replacing groundnut cake with Balanites aegyptiaca kernel cake up to 15% on rumen environment in local kenana cattle. The study was conducted at the experimental unit of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production College, Sudan University of Science and technology at Hillat Kuku. Traits studied were rumen pH ammonia concentration (NH3), volatile fatty acids concentration (VFAs) and bacterial count (BC). No significance difference was observed for pH, NH3, VFAs and BC between treatments. Generally, NH3 and VFAs was increased with time post feeding. But, BC decreased with time post feeding. It was concluded that incorporation of B. Aegyptiacua kernel cake at 5, 10, 15% to replace equal percentages of groundnut cake did not significantly (P<0.05) affected rumen environment.
Towards model discovery with reinforcement learning

5 to 0. This is the score by which AlphaStar–a computer program developed by the artificial intelligence (AI) company DeepMind–beat a top professional player in Starcraft II, one of the most complex video games to date (Vinyals et al. 2019). This accomplishment tops the list of sophisticated human tasks at which AI is now performing at a human or superhuman level (Perrault et al. 2019), and enlarges the previous body of achievements in game playing (Silver et al. 2017, 2018) and in other tasks, e.g. medical diagnoses (Esteva et al. 2017; Raumviboonsuk et al. 2019; Nagpal et al. 2019). Our focus is on computational modeling, which is of paramount importance to the investigation of many natural and industrial processes. Reduced-order models alleviate the computational intractability frequently associated with solving the exact mathematical description of the full-scale dynamics of complex systems. The motivation of this study is to leverage recent breakthroughs in AI research to unlock novel solutions to important scientific problems encountered in computational science. Following the post-game confession of the human player defeated by AlphaStar: “The agent demonstrated strategies I hadn’t thought of before, which means there may still be new ways of playing the game that we havent fully explored yet” (Vinyals et al. 2019), we inquire current AI potential to discover scientifically rooted models that are free of human bias for computational physics applications. Traditional reduced-order modeling approaches are rooted in physical principles, mathematics, and phenomenological understanding, all of which are important contributors to the human interpretability of the models. However these strategies can be limited by the difficulty of formalizing an accurate reduced-order model, even when the exact governing equations are known. A notorious example in fluid mechanics is turbulence: the flow is accurately described in detail by the Navier-Stokes equations; however, closed equations for the large-scale quantities remain unknown, despite their expected simpler dynamics. The work by Jiménez (2020) discusses in more extent the role of computers in the development of turbulence theories and models. To address the human intelligence limitations in discovering reduced-order models, we propose to supplement human thinking with artificial intelligence. Our work shares the goal of a growing body of literature on data-driven discovery of differential equations, which aims at substituting or combining traditional modeling strategies with the application of modern machine learning algorithms to experimental or high-fidelity simulation data (see Brunton et al. 2019, for a review on machine learning and fluid mechanics). Early work used symbolic regression and evolutionary algorithms to determine the dynamical model that best describes experimental data (Bongard & Lipson 2007; Schmidt
Effect of parity on the proximate composition and fatty acid profile of milk from Nguni cattle grazing on natural pastures

The objective of the study is to establish the effect of parity on milk composition and fatty acid profiles of Nguni cattle milk. Forty-four Nguni cows with parities ranging from 1 to 13 were included in this study. The cows were grouped to three parity groups: parity group 1 (parity 1 to 5), parity group 2 (parity 6 to 9) and parity group 3 (parity 10 to 13). Samples of the milk were collected in a single day and the milk was analyzed using gas chromatography. Parity had no effect of proximate composition (fat, DMC and moisture %) on milk. The fatty acids (FA) present in the milk of the three parity groups were primarily palmitic (33.3 to 40.5%), oleic (16.3 to 20.3%), myristic (12.5 to 13.2%) and stearic (10.8 to 11.7%) acids, in decreasing order of proportion. Milk from parity group 3 cows contained significantly (p < 0.05) higher proportions of butyric, myristoleic, oleic, eicosenoic, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), arachidonic and eicosopentaenoic acids when compared with the other two parity groups. Parity group 3 also had significantly (p < 0.05) higher values for total SFA, MUFA, PUFA, omega 3 fatty acids and n-6/n-3 ratio than the other two parity groups. Cows in higher parities generally have higher values for individual fatty acids when compared to those in lower parities. Parity is therefore, an important factor that must be considered when assessing milk quality in Nguni cows. Key words : Conjugated linoleic acid, fat content, harsh environment, fatty acid profile, milk composition.
The Role of the Public and Employee Relations Department in Increasing Social Support in the Diverse Workplaces of the United Arab Emirates

This paper examines the social support available to foreign employees in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) through the Public and Employee Relations departments of their employers. The research reports on how foreign employees find social support and who mentors them in the first year. Information was collected and analyzed from interviews with both new employees and with members of the Public and Employee Relations departments. It addresses the questions of what are the main problems and stressors that new workers face, what kind of social support foreign workers receive in their first year, and the response of Public and Employee Relations departments. It concludes with recommendations for improving the support structure for diverse new employees. Key words: Employee Relations; Public Relations; Human Resources; Social Support; Stress and Buffer theory; Immigrants; United Arab Emirates Resume: Cet article examine le soutien social offert aux employes etrangers aux Emirats arabes unis (EAU) a travers les services des relations publiques avec les employes de leurs employeurs. La recherche presente la facon dont les employes etrangers trouvent le soutien social et qui sont leurs mentors dans la premiere annee. L'information a ete recueillie et analysee a partir d'entretiens avec a la fois les nouveaux employes et les membres des services des relations publiques avec les employes. Il aborde les questions de ce que sont les problemes principaux et les facteurs de stress confrontes par les nouveaux travailleurs, quel genre de soutien social des travailleurs etrangers recoivent dans leur premiere annee, et la reponse des services des relations publiques avec les employes. Il conclut l'article en faisant des recommandations d'ameliorer la structure de soutien pour les nouveaux employes. Mots-cles: Relations Avec les EmployES; Relations Publiques; Ressources Humaines; Soutien Social; ThEOrie de Stress Et de Tampon; Immigrants; Emirats Arabes Unis
Adhésion stimulable d'hydrogels

Cette these a pour objet la comprehension des phenomenes lies a l’adhesion entre une surface et un reseau de polymere gonfle dans l’eau. Pour cela, nous avons choisi l’utilisation de systemes modeles de polymeres dont les interactions specifiques et reversibles sont sensibles au pH. Des hydrogels neutres de poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) et de poly(acrylamide) (PAM) et des brosses de poly(acide acrylique) (PAA) ont ete synthetises et caracterises. Les resultats cles nouveaux sont les suivants. En solution, le couple de polymeres PAA et PAM forme des complexes sensibles au pH et a la temperature par une se��paration de phase de type UCST, alors que pour le couple chimiquement similaire de PAA et PDMA, la separation correspond a une transition de type LCST. Aux interfaces a l’echelle de la brosse, la reflectivite de neutrons a revele que le gonflement de la brosse est plus eleve a pH faible en presence du gel qu’en solution. En d’autres termes, la presence d’interactions affecte la conformation des chaines greffees. Macroscopiquement, un nouveau test d’adhesion adapte aux materiaux gonfles et immerges donne acces a la mesure quantitative de l’energie d’adhesion et permet de quantifier les interactions interfaciales et leur origine. L’adhesion immergee, mesuree par contact plan-plan entre les brosses et les gels fixes sur des substrats, est stimulable par le pH et elle implique des cinetiques relativement lentes de formation et de rupture des complexes aux interfaces
Etude du comportement du tungstène sous irradiation : applications aux réacteurs de fusion

La fusion thermonucleaire est envisagee comme nouvelle source energetique pratiquement inepuisable. Le projet ITER « International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor » doit demontrer la faisabilite scientifique et la maitrise de la fusion thermonucleaire. Le tungstene (W) a ete choisi pour recouvrir le « divertor », un composant essentiel du reacteur ITER. Il sera soumis a des conditions extremes de fonctionnement : au bombardement neutronique, a d’intenses flux de chaleur et de particules (helium, hydrogene). Ces conditions induiront dans le W des defauts et introduiront de l’helium et de l’hydrogene, qui pourront conduire a des modifications de sa microstructure et de ses proprietes physiques, chimiques et mecaniques. L’objectif de ce travail est d’etudier, a l’echelle atomique, l’evolution de la microstructure du tungstene sous irradiation. Afin de simuler les atomes de recul generes par les irradiations aux neutrons, des echantillons de W ont ete irradies avec des ions lourds et/ou implantes avec de l’helium. La nature des defauts a ete etudiee a l’aide de la Spectroscopie d’Annihilation de Positons (PAS). Les resultats montrent que les irradiations aux ions lourds conduisent a la formation de monolacunes et de clusters lacunaires dont la taille et la concentration augmente avec la fluence. Des irradiations ou des recuits effectues a une temperature superieure a 450 K conduisent a l’agglomeration des defauts lacunaires essentiellement par migration des monolacunes. Pour des recuits a tres hautes temperatures (1773 K), les observations MET montrent la presence de cavites nanometriques (∼10 nm). Les implantations avec les ions 4He 60 keV induisent dans le W une distribution de defauts complexes de type nHe-mv, ainsi qu’une faible concentration de monolacunes v. Une majorite de complexes He-v est formee pour la faible fluence et la fraction des defauts complexes (nHe-mv) augmente quand la fluence augmente. La nature et la distribution des defauts evolue en fonction de la temperature de recuit et depend du ratio [He]/[v]. Le premier stade de recuit des defauts lacunaires (∼ 450 K) est masque par la presence de l’helium dans les defauts lacunaires. Pour un ratio [He]/[v] superieur a 1, un stade d’agglomeration des defauts est clairement observe a partir de 1623 K. Pour des conditions d’introduction de defauts et d’helium proches de celles attendus dans les reacteurs de fusion (He/dpa allant de 0.03 a 8 appm He/dpa), la signature positon apres irradiation est similaire a celle mesuree dans des echantillons seulement endommages dans des conditions equivalentes mais sans introduire de l’helium. Pour des rapports He/dpa allant de 0.3 a 8 appm He/dpa, les recuits revelent des differences de distribution en taille et en concentration des defauts lacunaires. La presence d’helium dans les amas lacunaires modifie les caracteristiques d’annihilation des positons et favorise la stabilisation des amas lacunaires.
Sizing of airborne particles in an operating room

Medical procedures that produce aerosolized particles are under great scrutiny due to the recent concerns surrounding the COVID-19 virus and increased risk for nosocomial infections. For example, thoracostomies, tracheotomies and intubations/extubations produce aerosols that can linger in the air. The lingering time is dependent on particle size where, e.g., 500 μm (0.5 mm) particles may quickly fall to the floor, while 1 μm particles may float for extended lengths of time. Here, a method is presented to characterize the size of <40 μm to >600 μm particles resulting from surgery in an operating room (OR). The particles are measured in-situ (next to a patient on an operating table) through a 75mm aperture in a ∼400 mm rectangular enclosure with minimal flow restriction. The particles and gasses exiting a patient are vented through an enclosed laser sheet while a camera captures images of the side-scattered light from the entrained particles. A similar optical configuration was described by Anfinrud et al.; however, we present here an extended method which provides a calibration method for determining particle size. The use of a laser sheet with side-scattered light provides a large FOV and bright image of the particles; however, the particle image dilation caused by scattering does not allow direct measurement of particle size. The calibration routine presented here is accomplished by measuring fixed particle distribution ranges with a calibrated shadow imaging system and mapping these measurements to the in-situ imaging system. The technique used for generating and measuring these particles is described. The result is a three-part process where 1) particles of varying sizes are produced and measured using a calibrated, high-resolution shadow imaging method, 2) the same particle generators are measured with the in-situ imaging system, and 3) a correlation mapping is made between the (dilated) laser image size and the measured particle size. Additionally, experimental and operational details of the imaging system are described such as requirements for the enclosure volume, light management, air filtration and control of various laser reflections. Details related to the OR environment and requirements for achieving close proximity to a patient are discussed as well.
Analytical Prediction of Seismicity Rate Due to Tides and Other Oscillating Stresses

Oscillatory stresses are ubiquitous on Earth and other solid‐surface bodies. Tides and seasonal signals perpetually stress faults in the crust. Relating seismicity to these stresses offers fundamental insight into earthquake triggering. We present a simple model that describes seismicity rate due to perpetual oscillatory stresses. The model applies to large‐amplitude, nonharmonic, and quasiperiodic stressing. However, it is not valid for periods similar to the characteristic time ta. We show that seismicity rate from short‐period stressing scales with the stress amplitude, but for long periods with the stressing rate. Further, that background seismicity rate r is equal to the average seismicity rate during short‐period stressing. We suggest that Aσ0 may be underestimated if stresses are approximated by a single harmonic function. We revisit Manga et al. (2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082892), which analyzed the tidal triggering of marsquakes and provide a rescaling of their seismicity rate response that offers a self‐consistent comparison of different hydraulic conditions.
Applying nudge to organisational communications: nudge and source impact on e-learning completion

Nudge and its application to decision-making and behavioural change, continues to gain increasing academic and mainstream interest. Mandatory e-learning is now a vehicle which delivers many core and business critical skills including legal compliance with safety and security. In addition, the ‘just in time’ nature of an efficient business requires that employees receive business learning for sales and service offerings as close to the point of use as possible, without limit of geography and supporting learner inclusivity and we have seen a drop in lengthy induction and training courses. It is disappointing then, that the claims made for digital learning procurement are rarely matched by the uptake or measurable transfer from it. There is substantial empirical evidence to support the effectiveness of nudge intervention in the public and domestic domain. However, little attention has focused on its application to the workplace and even less so, in instances where behavioural change is not linked to clear personal reward. This study quantitatively explored whether nudge application and source of communication influenced the probability of employees completing an optional e-learning module. Two hundred and sixty-five employees at a major UK transport organisation were exposed to one of six versions of an email stimulus manipulated by source and nudge application. Third Person Effect, a phenomenon where individuals believe others are more likely to be influenced by mass media communication than themselves, was identified as a potential co-variate. A binomial logistical regression identified ‘nudge, expert source’ and ‘no nudge, authority source’ to be statistically significant predictors for e-learning completion. Findings suggest that information disclosure nudges introduced by an expert source can support organisations in encouraging employees to engage with optional work-based activity where no clear personal reward is identifiable. Non-nudged organisational communications from an authority source are better predictors to encourage compliance driven decision-making and behaviour change.
Effect of Glycated Hemoglobin A1C-Based Adjusted Glycemic Variables on the Outcome of Diabetic Patients Presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background: Acute hyperglycemia is frequently used as a marker for predicting ACS adverse outcome in diabetic patients. In this study we suggest the introduction of a more accurate biomarker which could anticipate adverse outcome and length of hospital stay in ACS diabetic patients, the glycemic gap. Methods: The 100 diabetic patients who were presented to ER with ACS were prospectively followed during their hospital stay. Admission blood glucose was measured and glycemic gap was calculated using the equation (28.7 × HbA1c − 46.7). Glycemic gap then correlated with MACE and hospital stay length. Results: There was a statistically significant relation between the glycemic gap value and MACE that the ACS patients with DM may witness during their hospital stay (p=0.001). Also there was a statistically significant relation between the glycemic gap value and the length of hospital stay of ACS patients with DM with p<0.001. In the analysis of the ROC curve for glycemic gap value to predict patient have complications, the optimal cutoff value of the glycemic gap was 55 mg/dL, with maximum AUROC of 0.796 (95% CI=0.702-0.891) (sensitivity 86.11% and specificity 56.25%) regarding complication occurrence. Conclusion: Glycemic gap could be used as a biomarker for predicting MACE and duration of hospital length in diabetic patients with ACS. Glycemic gap is a better marker than admission blood glucose alone in diabetic patient presented with ACS.
Therapeutic efficacy of quinapyramine compounds in T. evansi affected cattle

A total of ten (10) crossbred cattle suffering from clinical trypanosomiasis were confirmed by microscopic examination and treated with Quinapyramine compound of Sulphate and Chloride @ 4.4 mg/kg.b. wt, S/C, single dose along with supportive therapy. To assess the therapeutic efficacy of Quinapyramine compounds, blood and serum samples were collected on day 0 (pre-treatment), 3, 7 and 14 (post-treatment) for parasitological, haematological and biochemical examinations respectively. Affected cattle were recorded with haematological alterations (pre-treatment) viz. reduced Hb (7.94 g/dl ± 0.186), PCV (24.23% ± 0.567) and TEC (4.06 ×10/μL ± 0.097) value, Leucopenia accompanied by Lymphocytopenia, Eosinophilia, Neutrophilia, Monocytosis and Thrombocytopenia. Similarly alterations in serum biochemical value (0 day pre treatment) of the affected animals were significantly decreased Glucose (33.97 mg/dl ±0.86), Total Protein (5.35 g/dl ± 0.052), Albumin (1.9 g/dl ± 0.053), Globulin (3.45 g/dl ± 0.083), A/G ratio (0.56 ± 0.027) and increased BUN (15.91 mg/dl ± 0.226), Creatinine (0.8 mg/dl ± 0.01 IU/L), ALT (34 ± 0.212 IU/L) and AST (122.89 ± 1.04). A gradual disappearance of clinical signs with no parasitemia microscopically was observed on 3 day post treatment among all the affected cattle, along with a gradual restoration in the altered haemato-biochemical values on different post-treatment observation periods. Hence, it was inferred that anaemia and hypoglycaemia are two important pathological effects of trypanosomiasis affected cattle and Quinapyramine compound of Sulphate and Chloride was found to be effective against T. evansi infection in cattle.