Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Lightweight Network Code based Authentication Scheme to thwart Pollution attacks in H.264/AVC Video Streaming

: Wireless communication channels are grown tremendously. Multimedia applications are using different wireless communication channels. Multimedia content verification and endorsement has become a rising issue for continuous video streaming. Especially this is a major issue over lossy/congested networks, which refers the network gives a lot of Timeout errors when packets are transmitted over it. Even though, several video coding standards are introduced to reduce the data size on the communication channel, the dependency of coding created new challenges and issues. Such video coding standards such as H.261, CCIR 723, MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 H.264/AVC has several challenges in inventing effective authentication scheme. In this proposal, we propose a lightweight authentication scheme against pollution attacks that integrates authentication into source and channel coding components such as coderate, conventional length, which helps to efficiently address the coding reliance and to design the optimal rate allocation scheme for the sake of end-to-end video quality. The proposed lightweight authentication framework is able to authenticate the video streaming with low communication overhead. In general, the quality will get affected by the noise in wireless channel and unsuccessful authentication. We proposed a new channel, source and receiver authentication scheme named as VSA (Video streaming Authentication). VSA provides continuous authentication with H.264 coding and channel rate allocation schemes. The experimental results on H.264/AVC video streaming confirm the effectiveness of this VSA and demonstrates that comparison with other video authentication schemes.
A modified concept of PCA to reduce the classification error using kernel SVM classifier

-This paper focuses on the mathematical technique PCA with the drawback of its mixing of data pixel. We have extracted principal directions of the covariance ellipse as done in PCA, but we will not blindly take the Eigen vectors corresponding to k largest values. Instead, we transform the data vectors into the new n– dimensional (n is dimension of old input space) vector space spanned by the Eigen vectors of the covariance matrix of the input data and then take one attribute at a time to perform classification. Then, we choose attributes corresponding to k - largest accuracy measures this approach of Eigen vector selection shall prove to be more effective than the traditional one with the improved approach to the conventional method in which we have considered the feature vector corresponding to the k-minimum error in order to reduce the dimensionality. The work has been implemented on more than 545 images of men and women to give efficient consequences in context of advance approach of PCA.
Knowledge Discovery by Decision Tree to Model the Rate of Drug Release from Matrix Substrates

To study the effect of a drug on a target tissue, mainly all process of drug delivery from drug delivery systems to the transferred drug in whole body must be considered. These studies are very attractive for different fields of drug delivery systems and pharmaceutical industry. Modeling can help us for better understanding of this process and reaching to better design of system. In this paper, we extract the rules of drug delivery by decision tree for a specific systems such as Matrix substrate. The results show that we can achieve to %98.04 and %74.51 accuracy, if we use decision tree as a classifier and a predictor respectively.
STACKED LAYER CONFIGURATION OF MICRO STRIP PATCH ANTENNA WITH DIFFERENT SHAPES OF PATCHES

This paper intends to overcome the limitations of the Microstrip Patch antenna’s with the stacked approach design for UWB applications. With the known advantages and Limitations and with availability of sophisticated software tools the Patch remains as the attraction of the researchers in the recent era. The development of a rigorous design is necessary for realizing compact and efficient antennas in the wireless applications. Also, it is important that these antennas should maintain acceptable performance characteristics, such as impedance bandwidth, gain, return loss and high efficiency throughout a single or multiple frequency bands and standards. In this paper the proposed antenna is designed to minimize the physical size without sacrificing the above mentioned performance characteristics of the antenna. This is achieved by stacked layer configuration of two patches. The patch is etched by different shapes of alphabetical E & U to improve the bandwidth. In the proposed antenna each patch having the dimension of 24mm x 24mm and the thickness of the lower substrate is 0.3mm is used. Air gap between upper and lower patch is 0.2mm. Totally the thickness of the antenna is 0.5mm. Two Different configurations by varying the positions of E and U Slot is proposed and analyzed. The results of the configuration is compared and tabulated. The configuration with E as upper and U slot Patch as lower patch is considered as the best as it provides dual band with improved Bandwidth. The impedance bandwidth of the proposed structure is 1.3 GHz and at 5.06GHz and 1.1GHz at 7GHz center frequency. Gain of the antenna is 7.5 db at 5GHz and db at 7GHz. The VSWR of the antenna is <2. Design and analysis of the antenna is carried out with the HFSS tool.
A Review on Achieving Security by Fragmentation and Replication of Data (Drop)

: Distributed computing (CC) is a rising pattern that offers number of essential focal points. One of the key preferences of CC is pay according to utilize, where clients will pay just as indicated by their use of the administrations. At present information era is enhancing clients stockpiling accessibility. There is have to outsource such enormous measure of information. There are numerous Cloud Service Providers (CSP). CSP is developing pattern for quantities of clients and associations lessen the weight of nearby information stockpiling and upkeep. The information trade off might happen because of assaults by different clients and hubs inside of the cloud. In this manner, high efforts to establish safety are required to ensure information inside of the cloud. In any case, the utilized security system should likewise consider the enhancement of the information recovery time. In this paper, we propose Division and Replication of Data in the Cloud for Optimal Performance and Security (DROPS) that all in all methodologies the security and execution issues. In the DROPS philosophy, we separate a document into parts, and repeat the divided information over the cloud hubs. Each of the hubs stores just a solitary piece of a specific information record that guarantees that even if there should arise an occurrence of a fruitful assault, no significant data is uncovered to the aggressor. Besides, the hubs putting away the sections are isolated with certain separation by method for diagram T-shading to preclude an aggressor of speculating the areas of the parts. Besides, the DROPS approach does not depend on the customary cryptographic strategies for the information security; along these lines alleviating the arrangement of computationally costly techniques. We demonstrate that the likelihood to find and trade off the greater part of the hubs putting away the pieces of a solitary document is to a great degree low. We likewise look at the execution of the DROPS procedure with ten different plans. The larger amount of security with slight execution overhead was watched.
Social Engineering: I-E based Model of Human Weakness to Investigate Attack and Defense

Social engineering is the attack aimed to manipulate dupe to divulge sensitive information or perform actions to help the adversary bypassing the secure perimeter in front of the information-related resources in order to complete attacking goals. Though there are a number of security tools, such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems, which can be used to protect the machines from being attacked, there is a lack of widely accepted mechanism to prevent dupe from fraud. However, the human element is often the weakest link in an information security chain, particularly, in a human-centered environment. In this paper, we reveal that the human psychological weaknesses result in the main vulnerabilities that can be exploited by social engineering attacks, and also, we capture two essential levels, internal
Physical Layer Comparison Between LTE, OFDM and WIMAX

— this paper presents simulation results along with underlying assumptions. In the first part, LTE uplink and performed link level simulations of Single Carrier Frequency Domain Equalization (SC-FDE) and SC-FDMA in comparison with OFDM, has been investigated. Two types of multipath channels, i.e. ITU Pedestrian A and ITU Vehicular A channels, have been used. In addition an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel is also used. Furthermore, the simulation of PAPR is performed for SC-FDMA and OFDMA systems. In the second part of this paper, the capacity of the MIMO system and performed a comparison with SISO, has been analyzed, and two significant 4G evolved technologies like LTE and WIMAX. They played an important role in the high speed communication systems with higher data rates, higher system capacity and robustness against bad channel conditions, thanks also to the two advanced technologies like MIMO (multi input multi output) and multicarrier aggregation for updating the LTE and WIMAX with higher bandwidth, higher data rates and better coverage.
ADVANCED ANTI THEFT ATM SECURITY SYSTEM WITH ZIGBEE AND GSM

Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) security is the field of study that goes for arrangements that give numerous purposes of insurance against physical and electronic robbery from ATMs and ensuring their establishments. From hostile to skimming protect frameworks to noiseless show frameworks, coordinated ATM video reconnaissance cameras and ATM observing choices, security masters are prepared to help the general population get more out of the ATM security and ATM misfortune anticipation frameworks. The point of the proposed work is to actualize a minimal effort remain solitary Embedded Web Server (EWS). It offers a vigorous systems administration arrangement with extensive variety of utilization regions over web. The Web server can be keep running on an inserted framework having constrained assets to serve installed site page to a web program. The setup is proposed for ATM security, including the modules specifically, validation of shade bolt, web empowered control, sensors and camera control.
DISTRIBUTION OF ABO BLOOD GROUPS AND ALLELE FREQUENCY IN MAJOR ETHNIC GROUPS OF DARJEELING AND KURSEONG HILLS, WEST BENGAL, INDIA

Introduction: The aim of the this study was to determine the frequency of the ABO blood group among the major ethnic communities and to analyze the ethno-demographic profile of the Hill subcommunities of Darjeeling and Kurseong Hills of the State of West Bengal, India. Materials and Methods: Total of 9030 individuals, out of which 7124 and 1906 individuals were from Darjeeling and Kurseong respectively. The collection of ABO Blood group data was collected from Blood donation camps organized by Red Cross Society, Darjeeling, and collection of data was also done from the recorded data of District Hospital, Darjeeling and Primary Health care units in Darjeeling rural areas. Similarly collection of Blood group data was collected from Sub-Divisional Hospital, Kurseong and from the Blood donation camps organized by Red Cross Society, Kurseong. Further, blood group data of individuals were also collected from diagnostic laboratories. Results: In the present data the most frequent ABO blood group were A (37.34%) and O (30.37%) followed by B(22.66%), AB (9.61%)), The phenotypic frequency was in the order of A>O>B>AB. The allele frequency of the population understudy was found to be p (A)= 0.272; q(B)=0.178; r(O)=0.550 in the frequency order O>A>B. The allele frequency of blood group O (r) was found to be most prevalent. Conclusion: The ethnographic study provided an insight into the distribution pattern of ABO blood group and allele frequencies in major ethnic groups of Darjeeling and Kurseong Hills of West Bengal, India. Moreover the present data may also be useful in population genetics studies, population migration patterns, forensics and genetic studies and genetic counseling.
NEWCASTLE DISEASE AND INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS DISEASE VACCINATION PROGRAMS IN FIELD STUDY

This experiment was conducted by using (32000) chicks classified into three houses (18000 chicks in first house, 5000 chicks in second house and 9000 chicks in third house). The first group was inoculated with inactivated oil emulsion vaccine contain NDV (La Sota) and AIV (H9N2) subcutaneous at one day, in the same time vaccinated with mixed vaccine of NDV (La Sota) and IBV H120 by spraying route followed by booster dose by the same vaccine (NDV (La Sota) and IBV H120) at day 5 via drinking water and at the eighteen day vaccinated with IBV H120 via drinking water, while the second group vaccinated with mixed vaccine (NDV (La Sota) and IBV H120) at one day by spray route, at ten day vaccinated with inactivated oil emulsion vaccine contain NDV (La Sota) and AIV (H9N2) injection subcutaneous and the same time vaccinated with NDV (La Sota) by spray route, where as the third group was vaccinated with inactivated oil emulsion vaccine contain NDV (La Sota) and AIV (H9N2) injection subcutaneous at fifth day in the same time vaccinated with mixed vaccine from NDV (La Sota) and IBV H120 by droplet route in eyes and at the eighteen day vaccinated with IBV H52 via drinking water. ELISA test and Histopatholoical examination were used to evaluated the immune response against NDV and IBV, the results revealed high antibody (Ab) titres against IBV in first group that received more one mixed vaccine but give pathological changes in trachea and kidney as compared with other group that give low titre with least histological changes.
Spoofing Attacks detection in Wireless Networks

: Wireless network are openness in nature and it is simple for caricaturing assailant to dispatch remote parodying assailants which causes risk for information security and effect execution of a system. In routine security cryptographic confirmation is used to confirm the hubs which are not alluring in light of organize overhead necessity. In this paper I utilize exceptional data, that is a physical property partner with every hub, which is tricky to adulterate, and it doesn't rely on upon cryptography. This physical property can utilized for locating mocking assailant present in the system, deciding the number of assailant when numerous foes take on the appearance of the same hub way of life as that of other hub and restricting numerous foes. At that point the issue of deciding the quantity of assailants as multiclass discovery issue is detailed. Bunch based instruments are produced to focus the number of assailants. At the point when the preparation information is accessible, Support Vector Machines (SVM) technique is utilized to further enhance the exactness of deciding the quantity of assailants. Moreover, coordinated discovery and restriction framework is utilized to confine the positions of different assailants.
Agriculture Drone for Spraying Fertilizer and Pesticides

The application of pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural areas is of prime importance for crop yields. The use of aircraftsis becoming increasingly common in carrying out this taskmainly because of its speed and effectiveness in the sprayingoperation. However, some factors may reduce the yield, oreven cause damage (e.g. crop areas not covered in the sprayingprocess, overlapping spraying of crop areas, applying pesticideson the outer edge of the crop). Climatic condition,such as the intensity and direction of the wind while sprayingadd further complexity to the control problem. In this paper,we describe an architecture based on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) which can be employed to implement a controlloop for agricultural applications where UAVs are responsiblefor spraying chemicals on crops. The process of applyingthe chemicals is controlled by means of the feedback obtainedfrom the wireless sensor network (WSN) deployed onthe crop field. The aim of this solution is to support short delaysin the control loop so that the spraying UAV can processthe information from the sensors. We evaluate an algorithmto adjust the UAV route under changes in wind intensity anddirection. Moreover, we evaluate the impact of the numberof communication messages between the UAV and minimize the waste of pesticides.
Correlation of BRAF V600E Mutation in Peripheral Blood Smears of Hairy Cell Leukemia with Morphology and Immunophenotyping

Hairy cell leukemia being defined as a mature B-cell lymphoma shows unique clinicopathological, immunophenotype, and genetic alteration features among another mature B-cell malignancy. Although lymphocytes with hairy appearance and co-expression of CD25, CD11c and CD103 markers on B-cells are compatible with hairy cell leukemia, there are some difficulties in differential diagnosis between HCL with its variant and splenic marginal zone lymphoma. The presence of kinase-activating BRAF V600E mutation in classical HCL clone and in no other mature B-cell lymphomas/ leukemia has implication in differential diagnosis. In this study, we evaluated BRAF V600E mutation detection of H&E stained peripheral blood smears by Sanger sequencing method in patients with classical HCL and findings related to morphology and immunophenotype. Peripheral smear review indicated a subpopulation of atypical lymphocytes with villous cytoplasmic projections. By flow cytometry analysis, B-cells represented immunophenotype of CD19+ CD20(bright)+ CD11c+ CD25+ CD103+. Sanger sequencing demonstrated that presence of BRAF V600E mutation in 86.6% (13/15) of analyzed HCL DNA. Hence, gain-of-function mutation of BRAF V600E is detectable in DNA of peripheral blood smear of patients with classical HCL that were evaluated by immunophenotyping. In conclusion, DNA from peripheral blood smear can be used to identify BRAF V600E mutation using Sanger sequencing method in samples with at least 10% HCL clone as supplementary approach to aid in the diagnosis of classical HCL.
An Appraisal of Solid Waste Generation and Management in Jalingo City, Nigeria.

Solid waste has become one of the greatest menaces in the world over, but the situation in the developing countries such as Nigeria has become pathetic. This paper looked at the relationship between the level of waste generation and management in Jalingo city, Nigeria. The result of the analysis indicated that there is tremendous growth in the population of the city due to its changing role from a town 1980 to the capital city of Taraba State in 1996. The National Population Commission of Nigeria put the population of the town as 62,252 in 1991 and had risen to 1969,509. The volume of waste generated rose from 2,017.35 tonnes monthly in 2000 to about 2,519.01 tonnes monthly in 2008. The management of the waste has been fluctuating over the same period due to political factor, inadequate manpower, and obsolete equipment, socio-economic and cultural factors. The level of waste collection reached its peak in 2006 (1,296.17 tonnes) and at its lowest ebb in 2005 (953.75 tonnes). The analysis of the waste generated indicated that the mean monthly collection is 2,254.98 tonnes and the mean monthly collection is 1,150.94 tonnes. The regression analysis shows that the F calculated is 1.796 while the F-table is 3.890. The P-value is 0.183 which indicated that there is no relationship between the level of waste generation and management in the city. The implication is that the city is fast becoming garbage city as heap of waste is found round the city. There should be adequate provision of waste management strategies that will include private sector participation in the management. Keywords: Solid Waste, Management, Municipal, Environment, Waste Generation.
Data Integrity Checking Protocol with Dynamic Public Verifiability

Cloud Computing is one of emerging technology nowadays. Checking the data integrity remotely is became a decisive part in cloud computing. Newly, lengthy of works pointing on providing data dynamics and public verifiability for this type of protocols. The previous protocols are also able to provide these features but only with the help of third-party auditor and without security of data. With Reference, F. SEBE [1] propose a remote data integrity checking protocol that supports data dynamics. From this, we adapt protocol to support public verifiability and proposed a public verifiability without the help of third-party auditor along with security of that protocol does not leak any private information to third-party verifiers. Through an Analysis, we show an error free and security of the protocol. And going through theoretical and experimental results, we displayed that the proposed protocol has a good performance.
To Evade Deep Packet Inspection in NIDS Using Frequent Element Pattern Matching

 Abstract— A set of rules are used Signature based Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) to detect hostile traffic in network segments or packets , which are so important in detecting malicious and anomalous behavior like known attacks that hackers look for new techniques to go unseen. Most of the techniques involves, in the manipulations of anonymities of network protocol. Now, the detection techniques are developed against most of these elusive and equivocal techniques by means of identifying and recognizing. The presence of new elusive forms may possibly effect NIDS to be ineffective. This paper presents an innovative functional framework to perform modeling and detection over NIDS using frequent element pattern matching. Main, NIDS demonstrated precisely through Apriori algorithm. At this point, the paper consists of looking for avoidances on models are simpler and easier than directly trying to understand the behavior of NIDS. We present a proof of concept showing how to perform deep packet inspection in NIDS using two publicly available datasets. This framework can be used for analyzing, Modeling and detecting the commercial NIDS after elusion.
Recoverable Concealed Data Aggregation with Multiple Applications in WSN

—Recently several data aggregation techniques based on symmetric key encryption mechanism have been proposed on wireless sensor networks (WSNs). These types of data aggregation methods result better security compared with the traditional aggregation mechanisms. In this proposed Recoverable Concealed Data Aggregation approach, Cluster Head (CH) can directly aggregate the cipher texts of an individual nodes present on that particular cluster. Based on symmetric schemes, the provider can conduct aggregation queries without decryption. Here, a Concealed Data Aggregation (CDA) technique is extended with the symmetric key encryption. Also, the clustering strategy is presented to divide the sensor nodes into multiple clusters. Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) algorithm is used to encrypt the sequence of bits into a single block or unit. The proposed scheme has three contributions. First, it is designed for a multiple application environment. The base station retrieves the application-specific data from the aggregated cipher texts. Next, it mitigates the impact of compromising attacks in single application environments. Finally, it degrades the attacks from unauthorized aggregations. The result shows that the proposed Recoverable Concealed Data Aggregation with Multiple Applications (RCDA-MA) performs better than the existing CDAMA system.