Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Discontinuous Galerkin Method Applied to Problems in Electromagnetism

The discontinuous Galerkin method (DGM) is applied to a number of problems in computational electromagnetics. This is achieved by obtaining numerical solutions to Maxwell’s equations using the DGM. The aim of these simulations is to highlight the strengths of the method while showing its resilience in handling problems other schemes may not be able to accurately model. Although no method will ever be the best choice for every problem in electromagnetics, the discontinuous Galerkin method is able to accurately approximate any problem, although the computational costs can make the scheme impractical for some. Like other time domain schemes, the DGM becomes inefficient on large domains where the solution contains small wavelengths. We demonstrate that all of the different types of boundary conditions in electromagnetic wave propagation can be implemented into the DGM. Reflection and transmission boundaries fit easily into the framework, whereas perfect absorption requires a more advanced technique known as the perfectly matched layer. We begin by simulating mirrors with several different geometries, and analyze how the DGM method performs, and how it offers a more complete evaluation of the behavior in this problem than some other methods. Since Maxwell’s equations describe the macroscopic features of electromagnetics, our simulations are able to capture the wave features of electromagnetics, such as interference and diffraction. We demonstrate this by accurately modelling Young’s double slit experiment, a classic experiment which features well understood interference and diffraction phenomena. We also extend the basic electromagnetic wave propagation simulations to include situations where the waves travel into new media. The formulation of the DGM for Maxwell’s equations allows the numerical solutions to accurately resolve the features at the interface of two media as predicted by the Fresnel coefficients. This allows the DGM to model lenses and other sources of refraction. We predict that the DGM will become an increasingly valuable method for computational electromagnetics because of its wide range of applicability as well as the lack of undesirable features in the numerical solutions. Furthermore, the only limiting factor for applying DGM, its computational cost, will become less influential as computing power continues to increase, allowing us to apply the DGM to an increasing set of applications.
A Multicommuted Flow System for Spectrophotometric Determination of Formaldehyde in Mushroom

Formaldehyde is a carcinogenic compound that was employed as fungicide in the past. Despite its disuse, some foods such as mushrooms naturally produce formaldehyde, showing the importance of its determination. In this work, a mechanized flow system based on solenoid valves is proposed for spectrophotometric formaldehyde determination in mushrooms. The analyte was extracted from fresh and dried mushrooms samples by steam distillation with deionized water in the presence of phosphoric acid. The determination was based on the reaction between formaldehyde and acetylacetone in presence of ammonium acetate (Hantzsch reaction), leading to the formation of 3,5-diacetyl-1,4-dihydrolutidine (DDL, λmax = 412 nm). Linear response from 0.2 to 7.0 mg L was achieved, with detection limit estimated at 0.02 mg L (99.7% confidence level). Coefficient of variation and sample throughput were 1.1% (n = 15) and 17 h, respectively. Per determination, 11 mg of acetylacetone and 30 mg of ammonium acetate were consumed, generating 4.2 mL of waste. The procedure was applied to formaldehyde determination in fresh and dried shiitake, and fresh shimeji, and the results agreed with those attained by reference method at the 95% confidence level.
Streamer propagation in air

A theory is presented for the development of the first streamer when a positive voltage is abruptly applied to a point in air at atmospheric pressure. The continuity equations for electrons, positive ions and negative ions, including the effects of ionization, attachment, recombination, electron diffusion, and photoionization, are solved simultaneously with Poisson's equation. With an applied voltage of 20 kV across a 50 mm gap, the streamer does not reach the cathode. An intense electric field front propagates away from the point into the gap to a distance of 35 mm in 200 ns. During the next the streamer only moves a further 2 mm into the gap, and the electric field at the head of the streamer collapses. Finally, only positive space charge remains which moves away from the point, allowing the field near the point to recover after ; free electrons can thus give rise to a secondary discharge near the anode. The electric field distribution is shown to be quite different from that found previously for in that the electric field in the column of the streamer is generally only a fraction of the critical field for which ionization equals attachment. Streamers for a given applied voltage have a far greater range in air than in . The results presented for air also apply to flue gas mixtures, since the important material properties of both gases are very similar.
Shooting Down the More Guns, Less Crime Hypothesis

John Lott and David Mustard have used regression analysis to argue forcefully that 'shall-issue' laws (which give citizens an unimpeded right to secure permits for concealed weapons) reduce violent crime. While certain facially plausible statistical models appear to generate this conclusion, more refined analyses of more recent state and county data undermine the more guns, less crime hypothesis. The most robust finding on the state data is that certain property crimes rise with passage of shall- issue laws, although the absence of any clear theory as to why this would be the case tends to undercut any strong conclusions. Estimating more statistically preferred disaggregated models on more complete county data, we show that in most states shall- issue laws have been associated with more crime and that the apparent stimulus to crime tends to be especially strong for those states that adopted in the last decade. While there are substantial concerns about model reliability and robustness, we present estimates based on disaggregated county data models that on net the passage of the law in 24 jurisdictions has increased the annual cost of crime slightly -- somewhere on the order of half a billion dollars. We also provide an illustration of how our jurisdiction-specific regression model has the capacity to generate more nuanced assessments concerning which states might profit from or be harmed by a particular legal intervention.
Dynamics of Planar Systems That Model Stage-Structured Populations

We study a general discrete planar system for modeling stage-structured populations. Our results include conditions for the global convergence of orbits to zero (extinction) when the parameters (vital rates) are time and density dependent. When the parameters are periodic we obtain weaker conditions for extinction. We also study a rational special case of the system for Beverton-Holt type interactions and show that the persistence equilibrium (in the positive quadrant) may be globally attracting even in the presence of interstage competition. However, we determine that with a sufficiently high level of competition, the persistence equilibrium becomes unstable (a saddle point) and the system exhibits period two oscillations.
Acquisition of Customer Satisfaction by a customer survey

This research was conducted for a company to figure out the satisfaction of their customers. The customer group was a new target group in the Czech Republic therefore it was important for the company to know about the satisfaction and what satisfaction affected. First, the research created a theoretical frame of customer satisfaction, internal satisfaction and service culture. This was important for the next step of the research. This was a customer survey which was sent to the consumer of the product. The main content of the survey was to get information about the customer atmosphere of the product and service. This primary data was useful for direct suggestions for the company. The customer survey was the main source for the conclusion of the study. The responses of the survey were small so that the researcher could only make suggestions of the current data. But this was the only chance for the researcher to get information because the field of research was in the Czech Republic and the consumer needed the survey in Czech which is not a known language of the researcher so the company translated it in English. The conclusions drawn from this story were to develop a strategy for a service culture which will result in internal satisfaction. Furthermore, service culture is also beneficial for the company image in all destinations because the company would be seen as one instead of many companies. The process will need a lot of time but in the end the result is one company with motivated employees and customer who are more satisfied than now. What will save money for the company because of the increasing word-of-mouth spread from recent customer to potential customers.
Vaccination and autoimmunity: Influenza vaccination and association with multiple sclerosis

Influenza, generally known as the flu, is one of the most common viral respiratory infections with the capacity to disseminate around the world, one could say at lightning speed, in seasonal epidemics, reaching its summit over the course of winter. Influenza is a serious infectious disease caused by RNA viruses which belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family. The first influenza pandemic was documented in 1580 and it has remained a viral disease of global dimension ever since . The four researchers analyzed medical literature reported during the Spanish Flu pandemic from 1918 to 1920. The metaanalysis of these data showed that treatment of new victims of the virus in 1918 with convalescent whole blood, plasma or serum collected from patients who had recovered from Spanish Influenza resulted in reduced case-fatality rate of severely ill patients by 50% . In 1931, Goodpasture was the first who discovered a viral growth in embryonated hen’s egg, and in the 1940s, the US military developed the first approved inactivated vaccines for influenza, used during World War II . Unlike other viral vaccines, annual influenza vaccination is recommended due to fast evolution of influenza viruses, evolve one million times faster than mammals, which results in high mutation rates and antigenic variations known as antigenic drift, a minor change such as amino acid substitution in virus surface proteins hemagglutinin (HA) and/or neuraminidase (NA), and antigenic shift, a new combination of different flu genes emerged to infect people . Traditional influenza vaccine composition
Deformations and Morphology Changes Associated with the 2016-2017 Eruption Sequence at Bezymianny Volcano, Kamchatka

Lava domes grow by extrusions and intrusions of viscous magma often initiating from a central volcanic vent, and they are frequently defining the source region of hazardous explosive eruptions and pyroclastic density currents. Thus, close monitoring of dome building processes is crucial, but often limited to low data resolution, hazardous access, and poor visibility. Here, we investigated the 2016–2017 eruptive sequence of the dome building Bezymianny volcano, Kamchatka, with spot-mode TerraSAR-X acquisitions, and complement the analysis with webcam imagery and seismic data. Our results reveal clear morphometric changes preceding eruptions that are associated with intrusions and extrusions. Pixel offset measurements show >7 months of precursory plug extrusion, being locally defined and exceeding 30 m of deformation, chiefly without detected seismicity. After a short explosion, three months of lava dome evolution were characterised by extrusions and intrusion. Our data suggest that the growth mechanisms were significantly governed by magma supply rate and shallow upper conduit solidification that deflected magmatic intrusions into the uppermost parts of the dome. The integrated approach contributes significantly to a better understanding of precursory activity and complex growth interactions at dome building volcanoes, and shows that intrusive and extrusive growth is acting in chorus at Bezymianny volcano.
SWOT ANALYSIS IN THE SMALL BUSINESS SECTOR OF SOUTH AFRICA: FRIEND OR FOE?

SMEs in South Africa are faced with a number of challenges, particularly poor levels of implementation in terms of accurately monitoring and predicting dynamic change in the macro environment. Following a strategic approach in scanning the external environment for opportunities and threats and identifying an organisation’s strengths and weaknesses using a SWOT analysis has become scarce in most SMEs. This research study aimed to establish if SMEs in South Africa use a SWOT analysis as part of their strategic management plan as well as to investigate if SMEs in South Africa take the time to identify and evaluate their internal and external environments. A questionnaire was administered and judgement sampling was used to gather the responses of 104 SMEs. The research identified that respondents were aware of the factors in specific functional areas that could be helpful to achieve business goals. The research also showed that financial management and marketing management were regarded as the most important drivers for achieving organisational objectives. The challenge now is to improve the use of the SWOT analysis of SMEs as they are the lifeline of the South African economy.
ENHANCING STUDENTS' ECOLITERACY IN UTILIZATION OF SCHOOL AREA THROUGH AQUAPONIC PROJECT AS LEARNING MODEL IN SOCIAL STUDIES LEARNING (CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH IN CLASS VII-B SMP PASUNDAN 2 BANDUNG)

Abstract -Ecoliteracy comes as a solution to various environmental problems that occur. Understanding ecoliteracy should be introduced early, in order grow and development of every human being always has awareness to maintain the environment. Based on preliminary observations conducted by researchers in SMP Pasundan 2 Bandung in class VII-B, showed that the low Ecoliteracy of students, shown by the scattering of garbage in the classroom environment, students also never care for the classroom environment, school environment, or wilting plants around the school due to lack of care. Based on the observation, the researcher concludes that, it is necessary to increase the students’ ecoliteracy in the utilization of the school area. By looking at the problems occurring in class VII-B, the researcher intends to conduct classroom action research by applying the aquaponic learning model of the Social Studies learning. The research design used in this research is a Lewin cycle model according to Elliot. During the execution, this study was conducted 2 cycles, with 5 actions in each cycle consisting of an understanding of ecoliteracy, aquaponic project creation, aquaponic project maintenance, aquaponic harvesting process, accountability report, and harvesting of crops into healthy foods. Based on the results of students’ ecoliteracy research, in the utilization of school area on the cycle 1 results have shown an improvement, but the improvement is not maximal, with the average group assessment entered into the "Good" category. While in the cycle 2 experienced a significant improvement, making the percentage of group valuation to entered into the "Excellent" category. The conclusion of this research is the use of aquaponic learning model in Social Studies learning can improve the students' ecoliteracy in the utilization of the school area. Keywords: students' ecoliteracy enhancement, aquaponic project, social studies learning
Automatic tagging of medical reports based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

Patients coming from different countries bring their medical reports with them and sometimes doctors do not understand the content in full. World health organization provided a framework for measuring health and disability at both individual and population levels named ”International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health” (ICF). ICF is focusing on unifying framework for classifying health components of functioning and disability and thus enabling data comparison between countries. The paper presents an automated procedure for tagging medical reports with the belonging ICF classes. Our final result will present a webpage service that will allow physicians to upload documents describing the patient’s status. The service will provide a list of most probable tags listed in the ICF classification. Matching is supported by methods such as parsing, eliminating stop words, lemmatization and stemming of word
Low molecular weight pro-antioxidants and antioxidants from diet : structure and function

SANDRA MARY LIMA VASCONCELOS1; MARIA ALAYDE MENDONÇA DA SILVA2; MARÍLIA OLIVEIRA FONSECA GOULART3 1Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, UFAL, Maceió, AL, Brasil. 2Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, UFAL, Maceió, AL, Brasil. 3Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, UFAL, Maceió, AL, Brasil. Campus A. C. Simões, CEP 57072-970. e-mail: mofg@qui.ufal. br; marilia.goulart@ pesquisador.cnpq. br Agradecimentos: aos órgãos financiadores FAPEAL, CNPq, CAPES, CAPES/COFECUB, CNPq/PADCT, BNB, FAPEAL/Ministério da Saúde/PPSUS. VASCONCELOS, S. M. L. ; SILVA, M. A. M. ; GOULART, M. O. F. Low molecular
The Implementation of Social Work Practice with Children in Indonesia

This study aimed at examining the implementation of social work practice with children in Indonesia. The research used qualitative method with a case study on nine informants who were Social Workers carrying out the task of handling children cases in the city of Bandung, Indonesia. The results showed that Social Workers had started to implement social work practice with children in handling 44 cases of children, but, according to social work practice standards with children as defined by NASW (2013) and based on pragmatic perspectives of social work with children according to Petr.CG 2004), it was not optimal. The implementation of social work practice with children was seen from aspects of practice: 1) building relationships with children should had been done with a consideration to the children’s ages; 2) assessment with children should had already used 'tools' assessment; 3) preparation of intervention plans was less involving children and families; 4) interventions was less responding to the needs of children and less applying behavior change techniques; and 5) the evaluation had not been implemented and supervised. Based on the research findings it is recommended for: 1) Training Center to provide training on the perspective of social work practice with children for Child Social Workers; and 2) Directorate of Child Welfare of the Ministry of Social Affairs to facilitate the implementation of supervision on child social work practice by supervisors; 3) Child Study Center to conduct further study on child social work practice based on clusters of child problems.
Correlation of Physical Activity and Menopause Symptoms

Menopausal women often experience a decrease in the production of Estrogen, progesterone and other sex hormones. The most common symptoms that occur during perimenopause period, for example; hot flashes, insomnia, irritability, and mood instability, thinning of vaginal mucosa with decreased lubrication. The purpose of this study was to identify a correlation between physical activity and Menopause symptoms in women aged 41-50 years. Design used was correlational research. Population comprised women aged 41-50 years at Village Gogik district of Ungaran Barat. The sample was taken by simple random sampling technique, obtaining as many as 117 respondents. Physical activity as independent variable and menopause symptoms as the dependent variable. Their physical activity levels were assessed using the General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPPAQ). The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS)questionnaire was used to assess menopause symptoms. Data obtained were processed using Spearman's Rho with α≤0.05. Results showed that p(Sig.)=0.000, r=-0.950, indicating that physical activity variables had a negative very strong correlation with menopause symptoms In women aged 41-50 years. In conclusion, physical activity correlates with menopause symptoms in women aged 41-50 years. Nurses can provide health education about the importance of exercise to minimize the effect of menopause symptoms. Keywords: physical activity, menopausal symptoms, women aged 41-50 years
Hybrid Fly Ash Aggregates – Thesis Summary Report

O. Kayali developed and patented a sintered fly ash based lightweight aggregate, named Flashag. When mixed with Ordinary Portland Cement these aggregates produce concrete with lighter weight and superior strength compared to concrete produced with regular aggregates. However, the utility of Flashag with geopolymer cements is limited by Flashag’s relatively low strength. This paper investigates the potential of increasing the strength of Flashag by causing a limited degree of polymerization prior to sintering. Whilst aggregates have been produced through both sintering and geopolymerisation, no prior research has been conducted in combining both effects in a hybrid aggregate. The research was successful in developing a method for the production of such aggregates. It was found that the addition of chemicals necessary for polymerization combined with the elevated temperatures required for sintering encouraged the formation of ferro–silicates. The formation of ferro-silicates was found to limit the degree sintering and the utility of the aggregate produced. To better understand the utility of hybrid aggregates further research is required to determine the relationships between the input variables, temperature and the quantity of additives, and the output variables, the degrees of sintering, polymerization and ferro-silicate formation.
Using means-end chain theory to explore travel motivation

This study examines the travel motivation of Chinese outbound tourists at the levels of attribute, consequence and values based on means-end chain (MEC) theory and its associated laddering technique. In-depth interviews with respondents were analysed to identify six key MECs. The two major travel motivation chains are (1) respondents visit destinations that are ‘famous’ or have a ‘good environment’ because they value ‘the beauty of nature’ and ‘pleasure’ and (2) respondents want to visit ‘different’ destinations, because they value experiences and knowledge. These results illustrate the use of MEC theory in understanding travel markets and demonstrate the use of motivation chains as the basis for segmenting the Chinese market. The research findings contribute to the travel motivation literature by identifying directed, hierarchically organized motivation structures with interconnected levels of attributes, consequences and values. Further marketing and product development implications are provided to help attract this emerging market.