Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of ACE2/TMPRSS2 genes regulation by intestinal microRNA isoforms in the COVID-19 pathogenesis

Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic, enters the cell by binding the cell surface proteins: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). The expression of these proteins varies significantly in individual organs and tissues of the human body. One of the proteins' expression regulation mechanisms is based on the activity of the microRNA (miRNA) molecules, small non-coding RNAs, the most important function of which is the post-transcriptional negative regulation of gene expression. The study was aimed to investigate the mechanisms of the interactions between miRNA isoforms and ACE2/TMPRSS2 genes in the colon tissues known for the high level of expression of the described enzymes. The search for interactions was performed using the correlation analysis applied to the publicly available paired mRNA/miRNA sequencing data of colon tissues. Among the others, such miRNAs as miR-30c and miR-200c were identified known for their involvement in the coronavirus infection and acute respiratory distress syndrome pathogenesis. Thus, new potential mechanisms for the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 enzymes regulation were ascertained, as well as their possible functional activity in a cell infected with coronavirus.
END-TO-END, CHAIN-LIKE ASSOCIATIONS OF PAIRED PACHYTENE CHROMOSOMES OF CREPIS CAPILLARIS

Studies on the pachytene stage of meiosis of Crepis capillaris showed that the paired chromosomes are attached end-to-end forming chain-like configurations. The arrangements of the chromosomes in these tandem associations are according to the expectations based on the somatogram of this species. These observations make it very likely that the end-to-end chromosome associations present in all somatic interphase cells (Wagenaar, 1969) have their primary significance in the recognition and pairing of homologous chromosomes during early meiotic prophase.
Wood anatomy of some trees with diffuse- and ring-porous wood : some functional and ecological interpretations

Abstract The xylem conduit dimensions (i.e. their width and length) have been measured in 1-year-old internodes, nodes and node-to-petiole (N-P) junctions of three species with diffuse-porous wood, namely Ceratonia siliqua L. , Laurus nobilis L. and Olea europaea L. as well as of three species with ring-porous wood, namely Quercus ilex L. , Q. suber L. and Q. pubescens Willd‥ The xylem conduit diameter and length distributions have been related to the drought resistance strategies adopted by the six species. C. siliqua and Q. ilex (drought avoiding water spenders) showed the widest xylem conduits (each species within its characteristic pattern of wood anatomy). This is consistent with their high demand of efficient water transport to leaves. L. nobilis (drought avoiding water saver) showed relatively narrow xylem conduits, efficient enough, however, to assure water supply to leaves at the reduced transpiration rate exhibited by the species. O. europaea, Q. suber and Q. pubescens (drought tolerants) showed t.
The Role of Pre-Operative Focused Transthoracic Echocardiography in Anesthetic Management of Old Age Patients with Potential Risk of Post-Operative Cardiac Complications

Background and aim of the study: To what extent focused transthoracic echocardiography when done preoperatively to patients admitted for elective surgery and suspected to be at risk of cardiac disease specially the geriatric population can affect perioperative anesthetic management of these patients. Methods: This study was done at Qena university hospitals and 100 patients were included, >60 years of age who were subjected to preoperative transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to evaluate hemodynamic state, left and right ventricular functions, systolic and diastolic volumes and pressures, valves diameters and competency, pericardial effusion and pulmonary artery pressure. Results: Our results showed changes in clinical diagnosis in the form of reporting 26% of patients with impaired ejection fraction of left ventricle, 18% valve lesions, and diastolic dysfunction in 40% of patients. Accordingly 4% of patients were canceled and the anesthetic management was changed in 20% of patients. Conclusions: preoperative focused TTE can help decision making in perioperative management of old age patients suspected to be at risk of post operative cardiac complications.
Protein Concentrate from Chickpea: Nutritive Value of a Protein Concentrate from Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Obtained by Ultrafiltration and Its Potential Use in an Infant Formula

A protein concentrate from chickpea (Cicer arietinum) obtained by ultrafiltration for special infant formulas was evaluated for nutritive value with and without methionine supplementation. An infant formula prepared with the concentrate was also evaluated. The Adjusted Protein Efficiency Ratio (A-PER) (official method) values, were 1.86 and 2.14 for the concentrate and concentrate plus methionine, respectively (p < 0.05). Relative Net Protein Ratio (R-NPR) values were 77.4% for the concentrate, and 81.3% of ANRC-casein for the supplemented concentrate. Apparent protein digestibility values were significantly higher concentrates with respect to raw chickpea (p < 0.05). An infant formula based on the concentrate had a R-NPR value of 83.6% that of ANRC-casein, compared to 81.3% in the concentrate, indicating no apparent change in protein quality during processing. The infant formula met Codex Alimentarius Commission Standards (FAO/WHO).
Environmental and Economic Prioritization of Building Energy Refurbishment Strategies with Life-Cycle Approach

An increasing number of studies apply life-cycle assessment methodology to assess the impact of a new building or to prioritize between different building refurbishment strategies. Among the different hypotheses to consider during the application of this methodology, the selection of the impact indicator is critical, as this choice will completely change the interpretation of the results. This article proposes applying four indicators that allow analysing the results of a refurbishment project of a residential building with the life-cycle approach: non-renewable primary energy use reduction (NRPER), net energy ratio (NER), internal rate of return (IRR), and life-cycle payback (LC-PB). The combination of environmental and economic indicators when evaluating the results has allowed to prioritize among the different strategies defined for this case study. Furthermore, an extensive sensitivity assessment reflects the high uncertainty of some of the parameters and their high influence on the final results. To this end, new hypotheses related to the following parameters have been considered: reference service life of the building, estimated service life of material, operational energy use, conversion factor, energy price, and inflation rate. The results show that the NRPE use reduction value could vary up to −44%. The variation of the other indicators is also very relevant, reaching variation rates such as 100% in the NER, 450% in the IRR, and 300% in the LC-PB. Finally, the results allow to define the type of input or hypothesis that influences each indicator the most, which is relevant when calibrating the prioritization process for the refurbishment strategy.
Methanogens associated with rumen ciliates

Methanogenesis per ciliate protozoan and most probable numbers (MPN) of methanogens per ciliate were measured and observed to be affected by feeding. The close similarity observed between the changes in apparent methane production and the changes in the number of methanogens per ciliate indicated that apparent methane production by ciliates depended primarily on the number of methanogens associated with them. Large changes in the MPN of methanogens associated with ciliates occurred rapidly. It is likely that these changes reflect the number of methanogens that associated extracellularly with the ciliates. Methanogens associated with ciliates may have differed from the free living methanogens in halophilism and their resistance to ammonium ions.
Trafficking of preassembled opioid μ-δ heterooligomer-Gz signaling complexes to the plasma membrane: Coregulation by agonists

The cellular site of formation, Galpha-coupling preference, and agonist regulation of mu-delta opioid receptor (OR) heterooligomers were studied. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) showed that mu-deltaOR heterooligomers, composed of preformed mu and delta homooligomers, interacted constitutively in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with Galpha-proteins forming heteromeric signaling complexes before being targeted to the plasma membrane. Compared to muOR homooligomers, the mu-delta heterooligomers showed higher affinity and efficiency of interaction for Gz over Gi, indicating a switch in G-protein preference. Treatment with DAMGO or deltorphin II led to coregulated internalization of both receptors, whereas DPDPE and DSLET had no effect on mu-delta internalization. Staggered expression resulted in non-interacting mu and delta receptors, even though both receptors were colocalized at the cell surface. Agonists failed to induce BRET between staggered receptors, and resulted in internalization solely of the receptor targeted by agonist. Thus, mu-deltaOR heterooligomers form and preferentially associate with Gz to generate a signaling complex in the ER, and have a distinct agonist-internalization profile compared to either mu or delta homooligomers.
Effect of thinning, fertilization with biosolids, and weather on interannual ring specific gravity and carbon accumulation of a 55-year-old Douglas-fir stand in western Washington.

Marketing timber is shifting from logs, lumber, and veneer measured volumetrically to include carbon storage and energy that are based on dry mass. Conversion between volume and dry mass relies on accurate estimates of wood specific gravity (SG). We measured width and SG of growth rings and their earlywood and latewood components with X-ray densitometry on trees from controlled, thinned, biosolid fertilized, and combined treatments applied to a 55-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stand. We developed models to predict interannual SG from climate and treatment effects and compared 20 year changes in dry mass and carbon storage with estimates from biomass equations and from the Wood Handbook average SG. Thinning increased latewood width but did not affect ring SG. Biosolid fertilization increased earlywood and latewood width and decreased ring SG 8% by decreasing earlywood SG, latewood SG, and latewood percentage. SG decreased with increased July soil moisture deficit; alternativel.
Supramolecular graphene–phthalocyanine assemblies for technological breakthroughs

Since the discovery of the well-structured carbon material, graphene (G), a huge research effort has been made to use it in several technological applications, such as photonic and nanoelectronic materials, due to its electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. The supramolecular functionalization of graphene with other molecules, such as phthalocyanines (Pcs), results in nanohybrids with improved photophysical properties. This review intends to show the impact of the scientific investigation that has been done on G–Pc supramolecular assemblies, in an attempt to improve their electronic performance, introducing new opportunities to their application in nanotechnology.
Micromachined Rate-Integrating Gyroscopes: Concept, Asymmetry Error Sources and Phenomena

Rate-integrating gyroscope (RIG) operation is an attractive operation scheme for micro gyroscopes, because it can provide direct angle measurement and a high dynamic range. However, its zero rate output (ZRO) has a severe drift issue. This work compared the difference between rate and rate-integrating gyroscope operations, and further modeled the gyroscope with asymmetric error terms. Then the influences of these non-ideal factors were analyzed to abridge the ZRO drift phenomena and the sources. The numerical verification proved the theory that such an oscillation pattern is caused by the stiffness mismatch, and decaying to X/Y axis manner resulted from the damping errors. The conclusions can contribute to aiding engineers to rapidly locate the bottlenecks of RIG operations.
The Effect of Different Strategies forCombining Disordered Thresholds on Rasch Model Fit

Objective: The internal construct validity of the scales is examined by Rasch analysis. There are limited number of studies on how to combine disordered thresholds in Rasch analysis. In this study, new four different category-combining strategies are proposed in order to combine disordered thresholds. The effects of these strategies on the overall fit of the Rasch model are investigated. Material and Methods: The strategies are obtained by combining the categories with disordered thresholds, “to the left, to the right, to middle-left, and to middle-right”. It is decided to use the Partial Credit Model as the appropriate Rasch model. The data is obtained using the measurement tool, which assesses the disability levels of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The internal construct validity of this scale is evaluated using RUMM2030 software. Results: In the measurement tools obtained after the category combining, information loss occurred due to the combining of the categories and it has been seen that standard errors of the ability of individuals have risen. However, the model fit and internal consistency of measurement tools have increased after the combining strategies. Conclusion: The category combining strategies are carried out on only one sample data, and since the single strategy is applied for all items in the combining process, the size of the disordered thresholds is ignored. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a simulation study in order to generalize the results obtained.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Tagline KFC "Jagonya Ayam!" Terhadap Pembentukan Brand Association

Restoran cepat saji yang semakin menjamur di Indonesia membuat persaingannya semakin ketat. Masing-masing restoran cepat saji harus memiliki keunggulan strategi pemasaran untuk mempertahankan keberadaan mereknya dan dapat tetap bersaing. KFC, salah satu restoran cepat saji di Indonesia yang menggunakan tagline sebagai strategi pemasarannya. Penggunaan tagline yang efektif dapat membentuk brand association yang berguna membentuk makna dibenak konsumen terhadap brand KFC. Maka diperlukan penelitian yang dapat mengkaji hubungan antara penggunaan tagline terhadap pembentukan brand association pada konsumen KFC Bintaro Sektor 9. Pengumpulan data menggunakan cara penyebaran kuesioner sesuai sampel yaitu 100 konsumen KFC. Tinjauan pustaka dimulai dari penjelasan konsep komunikasi pemasaran, dilanjutkan konsep tagline , lalu konsep brand association hingga teori brand personal resonance . Uji yang dilakukan menggunakan rumus Pearson dan analisis regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara penggunaan tagline dan pembentukan brand association tergolong kuat karena berpengaruh 44% serta nilai korelasi antara Variabel X dan Y yaitu 0,644.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity of Non-Edible Parts of Some Selected Tropical Fruits

Total polyphenol content and antioxidant activities of non-edible parts (seed and peel) of eight tropical fruits were analyzed and compared with those of their edible parts. The antioxidant activity was evaluated based on the ability of the fruit extracts (seed, peel and pulp) to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals, and the ferrous ion-chelating capacity. Total polyphenol content in seed, peel and pulp ranged from 0.2 to 153, 5.0 to 124, and 1.0 to 12 mg/g DW, respectively. Non-edible parts of the tropical fruits were found to have significant antioxidant activities. Among them, mango seed, mango peel, starfruit peel and avocado peel showed higher antioxidant potential by the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging abilities were highly correlated with total polyphenol content. Kiwano and papaya peels showed strong ferrous ion-chelating capacity, although they did not have high polyphenol content and DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities.
Modelling suitable areas for Hyla meridionalis under current and future hypothetical expansion scenarios

New records of the frog Hyla meridionalis have been reported on the Iberian Central mountain range, although it is not clear if those records correspond to an expansion process or to a lack of sampling. The species' global distribution was modelled to identify possible areas of expansion in the current environment and in a near future environment. To verify the effects of modelling a dynamic situation, the hypothetical expansion process from south to north was simulated in the current scenario. The species records were partitioned in four different datasets and modelled iteratively over a study area enclosing all records: records only from North Africa, from North Africa and South Iberian Peninsula, from North Africa and all the Iberian Peninsula, and from the entire distribution. The complete dataset was also used to extrapolate the model to a current and future global environmental scenarios. The models were compared by subtraction per pairs and by Cohen's Kappa. No spatio-temporal trends were detected in species records; therefore, the hypothesis of a recent expansion is nor supported. The species spread only to the Mediterranean part of the Iberian Peninsula when modelling only with African records, and to Europe when modelling also with Iberian records. The extrapolation models were moderately similar: large suitable areas were predicted in all the continents. Temperature variables contributed more to models. The species can expand to new suitable areas, although it is not possible to know if it would expand outside the biogeographical regions where the species is present.
The normal seasonal reproductive cycle in the male Eumeces fasciatus together with some observations on the effects of castration and hormone administration

The classical work of Lillie ('17) directed to the study of basic problems in the biology of sex has been followed by an ever increasing number of contributions to the knowledge of these broad problems. 'CT7hereas the greater number of studies has been conducted with the use of mammalian forms, both birds and amphibians have been abundantly used ; relatively few investigations have been carried out on fish or reptiles. The great neglect of reptiles as experimental materials for such studies was pointed out by Moore ('32) in the first edition of Sex and Internal Secretions. Attracted to the opportunities presented by reptilian materials, the writer has attempted an investigation conceived to encompass many of the fundamental aspects of sexual conditions and reproductive states in one of our common American lizards. The realization that a solid framework of basic information was required before experimental analyses could be intelligently applied caused the approach to be directed to n study of the normal seasonal changes occurring in such animals. The results of such a study are embodied in this
Inferring What to Do (And What Not to)

In recent years, the “planning as inference” paradigm has become central to the study of behaviour. The advance offered by this is the formalisation of motivation as a prior belief about “how I am going to act”. This paper provides an overview of the factors that contribute to this prior. These are rooted in optimal experimental design, information theory, and statistical decision making. We unpack how these factors imply a functional architecture for motivated behaviour. This raises an important question: how can we put this architecture to work in the service of understanding observed neurobiological structure? To answer this question, we draw from established techniques in experimental studies of behaviour. Typically, these examine the influence of perturbations of the nervous system—which include pathological insults or optogenetic manipulations—to see their influence on behaviour. Here, we argue that the message passing that emerges from inferring what to do can be similarly perturbed. If a given perturbation elicits the same behaviours as a focal brain lesion, this provides a functional interpretation of empirical findings and an anatomical grounding for theoretical results. We highlight examples of this approach that influence different sorts of goal-directed behaviour, active learning, and decision making. Finally, we summarise their implications for the neuroanatomy of inferring what to do (and what not to).
TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATE INPUTS DETERMINE THE LOCAL ABUNDANCE OF STREAM FISHES IN A FORESTED STREAM

Transfer of energy from more productive donor habitats is frequently significant for the maintenance of consumers in the recipient habitats. Nevertheless, the connection between the distribution of consumers and allochthonous inputs has not been directly examined by field experiment. We present experimental evidence that terrestrial invertebrate inputs directly influence the distribution of stream fishes in a forested headwater stream. When terrestrial invertebrate input to the stream was experimentally reduced by using greenhouse covers, fish biomass also decreased dramatically. Despite the greater amounts of input in the control than in the reduced treatments, terrestrial invertebrates made up ∼90% of stomach contents in both treatments during the study period. Moreover, no difference in fish growth rates was evident between the treatments. These results provide experimental evidence that the flow of such allochthonous resources in the donor-controlled system can explain the distribution and dynamics of.
A Proactive Energy-Awareness Based Traffic Routing in Tree Topology Wireless Sensor Networks Precluding Energy Holes Formation

A single tree topology is a commonly employed topology for wireless sensor networks (WSN) to connect sensors to one or more remote gateways. However, its many-to-one traffic routing pattern imposes heavy burden on downstream nodes, as the same routes are repeatedly used for packet transfer, from one or more upstream branches. The challenge is how to choose the most optimal routing paths that minimizes energy consumption across the entire network. This paper proposes a proactive energy awareness-based many-to-one traffic routing scheme to alleviate the above said problem referred to as Energy Balance-Based Energy Hole Alleviation in tree topology (EBEHA-T). This protocol combines updated status of variations in energy consumption pattern around sink-hole zones and distribution of joint nodes among the trees. With this approach, EBEHA-T proactively prevents sink-hole formation instead of just a reactive response after they have occurred. Performance evaluation of EBEHA-T against benchmark method RaSMaLai shows increased energy saving across the entire network and a marked improvement in energy consumption balance in energy-hole zones. This precludes energy hole formation and the consequent network partitioning, leading to improved network lifetime beyond that of the RasMaLai. OMNET++ network simulation software has been used for the evaluation.