Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
I m proved Statistical Techniques for the Measurement of Recidivism

In a recent paper in this journal, Kantrowitz discussed the use of cohort conditional-life tables in the analysis of correctional outcomes, and referred to some related work by Stollmack and Harris on failure-rate analysis. These two approaches are indeed closely related, but the latter does provide some important additional statistical power not otherwise available. These kinds of methodologies provide key insights on program performance and ultimately permit more appropriate statistical assessment of alternative correctional pro grams. The purpose of this paper then is to bring the criminal justice, and crime and delinquency research, communities up to date on developments in the application of failure-rate methods. The fundamental concept used in the approach is the modeling of program outcomes as failure patterns or rates over time. The method has been applied in a number of specific cases, includ ing to the data from Kantrowitz's California parole study. It is our view that the general adoption of this kind of methodology would lead to the development of standardized techniques of evaluation and more effective data-base management. The proper use of failure-rate methods per mits the handling of alternative definitions for program results and allows analysis of existing data in a more accurate and sensitive way. This should help to solve current problems of comparability and validity of program assessments, to identify significant parameters associated with recidivism, and to make more accurate population projections.
Derivation and Validation of a Quantitative Method for the Analysis of Consistency for Interface Design

Quantitative measures of consistency are formulated for human-computer interactive tasks. Two different kinds of consistency are considered: cognitive consistency and display layout consistency. Cognitive consistency is formulated by constructing the methods used for a task and the steps needed to perform the methods. A quantitative value for cognitive consistency is determined by analyzing the number of changes which would have to be made to change one method to another method. Display layout consistency is formulated by examining display parameters between two or more layouts. An experiment was performed to test the predictions of the quantitative analyses of consistency. Cognitive inconsistent tasks and inconsistent display layouts had a slightly detrimental effect on the speed of performance during an initial session. When the subjects had to return to the task several days after originally learning the task, performance on the cognitive inconsistent tasks was slower than on inconsistent display layout tasks. This latter result indicates that users will not necessarily have difficulty when learning inconsistent interactive methods but the problem will occur once the methods are learned and the user must switch between programs using inconsistent methods of interaction.
Balancing Exploitation and Exploration in Particle Swarm Optimization: Velocity-based Reinitialization

In particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms there is a delicate balance to maintain between exploitation (local search) and exploration (global search). When facing multimodal functions, the standard PSO algorithm often converges to a local minimum quickly, missing better opportunities. Methods such as non-global best neighborhoods increase exploration, but at the expense of slowing the convergence of the whole PSO algorithm. In this paper, we propose a new method to extend PSO, velocity-based reinitialization (VBR). VBR is both simple to implement and eﬀective at enhancing many diﬀerent PSO algorithms from the literature. In VBR-PSO, the velocities of the particles are monitored throughout the evolution, and when the median velocity of the swarm particles has dropped below a threshold, the whole swarm is reinitialized. Through VBR, the problem of premature convergence is alleviated; VBR-PSO focuses on one minimum at a time. In our experiments, we apply VBR to the global-best, local best, and von Neumann neighborhood PSO algorithms. Results are presented using the standard benchmark functions from the PSO literature. VBR enhanced PSO yields improved results on the multimodal benchmark functions for all PSO algorithms investigated in this study.
Differential Fault Attack and Meet-in-the-Middle Attack on Block Cipher LED

In this paper, on the basis of the nibble-based faulty model and the differential analysis principle, we propose a kind of attack on the new low-cost LED block cipher which combine differential fault attack with meet-in-the-middle attack. We inject the nibble faulty at round 29, which is earlier than other papers. More precisely, ciphertext need to be multiplied by a matrix before add the key in order to reduce the effect from key spreading. Finally, the key candidates are recovered by solving the equation set. Hence the secret key bits can be recovered faster than exhaustive search.
Agile multi-spot beams steering with a phase-only nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator

A 256×256 pixels commercial phase-only Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator (LCSLM) is adopted to generate arbitrary spot patterns successfully. An improved Fourier iterative algorithm combining with pseudorandom phase encoding is proposed to satisfy the real-time processing requirement. The improved algorithm based on the (Gerchberg-Saxton) G-S algorithm with the initial phases generated by the pseudorandom phase encoding method. By employing the improved algorithm, the intensity error of a 4×4 spots array pattern is less than 7%.
ON USING SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES IN SOFTWARE RELIABILITY ENGINEERING

Previous investigations have shown the importance of evaluating computer performances and predicting the system reliability. This paper considers soft computing techniques in order to be used for software fault diagnosis, reliability optimization and for time series prediction during the software reliability analysis. It is shown that the study of the data collections during a software project development can be done within a soft computing framework.
Two FMS scheduling methods based on Petri nets: A global and a local approach

We are interested in the Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) scheduling problem. Different methods have been explored to solve this problem and to master its combinatorial complexity, which is NP-hard in the general case. In this paper we will give two different scheduling methods based on Petri nets. The first one tends to solve the general scheduling problem (acyclic schedule) using the Constraint Programming method to avoid exhaustive search. The second method is a dedicated cyclic scheduling method. The aim is not to compare the methods' performances (computation time, results' quality) because they do not solve exactly the same problem, but to compare their application domains in terms of parts number.
A Participation Paradox: Seeking the Missing Link between Free/Open Source Software and Participatory Design

The success of Free Open Source Software (FOSS) has resulted in thousands of robust and ubiquitous products such as Linux, Firefox and Apache. However, the usability of many other FOSS products is often poor, and the most successful projects are the ones where the user and the developer are one and the same. The lack of broader participation is worrying, because it threatens the entire production model of FOSS. In this paper we investigate the reasons for this situation, drawing extensively from research on participatory design and commons based peer production (CBPP), and on a case study of three FOSS projects. Potential lessons are also drawn from the CBPP model in general, and the FOSS approach in particular, to mitigate the challenges facing distributed participatory design (DPD).
Influences on Trip Frequency According to Travel Purposes: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach in Seoul, South Korea

A comparison is made between the effects of three variable groups or factors—urban forms, sociodemographics, and attitudes—on the frequencies of trips for commuting, shopping, and leisure purposes. A structural equation model is developed as a common travel-purpose model and then modified for each travel purpose according to the outcomes of a survey conducted in Seoul, South Korea. The findings show that the strongest variable in each factor is the same as that shown in European and US research, but other strong variables in each factor and the relative strengths of the three factors differ according to travel purposes.
An improved Bayesian matting method based on image statistic characteristics

Image matting is an important task in image and video editing and has been studied for more than 30 years. In this paper we propose an improved interactive matting method. Starting from a coarse user-guided trimap, we first perform a color estimation based on texture and color information and use the result to refine the original trimap. Then with the new trimap, we apply soft matting process which is improved Bayesian matting with smoothness constraints. Experimental results on natural image show that this method is useful, especially for the images have similar texture feature in the background or the images which is hard to give a precise trimap.
Conducting laboratory experiments over the Internet

We report on an interactive on-line laboratory for remote education called Automated Internet Measurement Laboratory (AIM-Lab), which utilizes the Internet and the World Wide Web. AIM-Lab allows efficient use of laboratory equipment in both regular and laboratory courses, especially in a distance-learning environment. Our approach is based on newly developed software packages and commercial measurement equipment. As an example, we describe an application of remote experiments on semiconductor device characterization, which can be freely accessed on the Web.
Adaptation Rules Relating Learning Styles Research and Learning Objects Meta-data

This paper investigates the development of adaptation rules which relate individual learning styles characteristics to learning objects characteristics, as the latter are reflected in the IMS Learning Resource Meta-Data Specification. The paper outlines the most well-known learning styles theories and models, some criteria for selecting among them, as well as a number of adaptive web-based learning environments which are utilising learning styles research for facilitating personalised learning. The paper concludes with the set of adaptation rules which are used in the KOD learning environment, which aims to facilitate individualised access to learning material in a re- usable way.
Combining Event and Signal Processing in the MAX Graphical Programming Environment

is a graphical programming environment for developing real-time musical applications. First written for the Apple MacIntosh computer, it has been ported to the NeXT computer as a part of the IRCAM Music Workstation (\IMW") project (Lindemann 1991a). From its earliest conception, MAX was intended as a uniied environment for describing both control and signal ow. Historically it has developed as a MIDI (i.e., control) program primarily because the 4X (Favreau 1986), IRCAM's earlier signal processing engine, could only communicate with the MacIntosh over a MIDI (serial) line. The IMW ooers an opportunity to join MAX more intimately with a number-crunching engine capable of doing high-quality audio synthesis and processing in real time. The DSP cards now available for the MacIntosh line of computers, while many times less powerful than the IMW, ooer a similar possibility. This paper describes how MAX has been extended on the NeXT to do signal as well as control computations. Since MAX as a control environment has already been described elsewhere, here we will ooer only an outline of its control aspect as background for the description of its signal processing extensions. The main purpose for making electronic music production run in real time is so that a musician can exercise some sort of live control over the music. The problem of deening that control is a much harder one than that of deening the signal processing network which ultimately will generate the samples. The sample generation problem has historically been considered \hard" simply because of its stringent computational requirements. Today, a real-time programmable audio synthesis and processing engine can be bought at a price that researchers, and even some musicians, can pay. It is therefore not surprising that many systems are now being proposed for graphical signal network editing; recent ones
Using community-generated contents as a substitute corpus for metadata generation

Metadata is crucial for reuse of Learning Resources. However, in the area of e-Learning, suitable training corpora for automatic classification methods are hardly available. This paper proposes the use of community-generated substitute corpora for classification methods. As an example for such a substitute corpus, the free online Encyclopaedia Wikipedia is used as a training corpus for domain-independent classification and keyword extraction of Learning Resources.
An Experimental Study of User- Customized Products Online

With the rapid development of online shopping, the simple form of online shopping can not meet the personalized needs of consumers. The paper studies the decision support system for usercustomized products online. This paper concentrates on the differences in consumer behavior through an experimental study of an alternativebased DSS and an attribute-based DSS for product customization by online consumers. In addition, we examine the moderating effect of attribute importance in the use of an online customer decision support tool. Using the independent assessment, joint assessment and cognitive fit theories, we develop a model with four mediate variables (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment, and perceived control) and two dependent variables (intention to purchase and intention to return).
A performance-driven placement tool for analog integrated circuits

This paper presents a new approach toward performance-driven placement of analog integrated circuits. The freedom in placing the devices is used to control the layout-induced performance degradation within the margins imposed by the designer's specifications. This guarantees that the resulting layout will meet all specifications by construction. During each iteration of the simulated annealing algorithm, the layout-induced performance degradation is calculated from the geometrical properties of the intermediate solution. The placement tool inherently handles symmetry constraints, circuit loading effects and device mismatches. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated with practical circuit examples. >
Routing algorithm based on Swarm Intelligence and Hopfield Neural Network applied to communication networks

A search method based on Particle Swarm Optimisation to search simutaneously the energy function coefficients and the parameters of the Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) algorithm is proposed. Experiments using three differents communication networks are presented. The results show that the proposed approach achieves better results than existing algorithms that employ the HNN for routing. Some results show that the algorithm tends to be quicker than Dijkstra for larger communication networks.
Design of Configuration Management using Homomorphic Encryption in Mobile Cloud Service

As smartphone users are over 20 million, companies, which offer cloud computing services, try to support various mobile devices. If so, users can use the same cloud computing service using mobile devices, as sharing document. When user share the work, there are problem in configuration management, data confidentiality and integrity. In this paper, we propose a method that cloud computing users share document efficiently, edit encrypted docuements, and manage configuration based on homomorphic encryption, which integrity is verifiable.
Factor Screening in Computer Simulation

In many simulation models, only a few input variables have a significant effect on the output. By identi fying those variables in some reasonable way, we could undoubtedly make the model simpler, more effi cient, cheaper to run, and easier to analyze. Factor screening methods attempt to identify the more important variables. The most effective methods, however, require more computer runs than are normally reasonable or affordable. Thus screening must usually be based on nonstandard designs not customarily dis cussed in standard statistical references. In this paper, we review and discuss the major classes of factor screening designs. We pay partic ular attention to two strategies that are useful when there are more factors than available runs. The first of these is group-screening, in which fac tors are grouped and tested in a multistage proce dure ; the other is based on a combination of random balance and Plackett-Burman designs. Unfortunately, the performance of a screening strategy is difficult to measure; the modeler must consider both how much it costs and how accurately it classifies factors. An artificial example illustrates the tradeoffs that the modeler must make.
Queueing Analysis of Channel Assignment Policy for Hand-off in PCS

The queueing analysis for personal communication service (PCS) network which provides low power, high quality access for subscribers to the public switched network (PSTN), is presented in this paper. The fixed channel assignment strategies for hand-off calls are considered. An analytically tractable Markov model to evaluate forced termination probability for the system with finite buffer capacity is developed. We consider nonpriority and FIFO model with and without guard channels. Finite population model is also studied. The queue size distribution and blocking probability of originating calls are determined.
Editorial: Advances in Interfaces

This special issue is entitled "Advances in Interfaces". The authors in this special issue consider a number of issues associated with interface design. Some of these studies have worked with desktop displays that are capable of true three dimensional displays (Duenser and Mancero; Phillips and Carr), another addresses night vision systems (Stuart and Hughes). These authors consider factors influencing the usability of displays. The authors consider how depth (Duenser and Mancero) or colour (Duenser and Mancero; Stuart and Hughes) can make key features of the display more salient. One paper looks at the implication of three dimensional displays for cursor positioning (Phillips and Carr).
Using Inverted Indexing to Facilitate Composition-Oriented Semantic Service Discovery

It is proposed to establish inverted indexing for ontology-annotated outputs when services are registered in order to find the target services in a quick, accurate and efficient way. For each ontology-annotated output, there is a service list which records all the services in the registry that deliver the output. Based on the indexing, a composition-oriented service discovery algorithm is proposed, which greatly accelerates the filtering of irrelevant atomic services by making use of the inverted indexing, and increases the likelihood of finding a possible candidate by exploring service composition. The results of the extensive experiments show that the proposed algorithm provides better performance on response time than the sequential matchmaking, and better recall rate than the algorithms without the exploration of composition.
User friendliness and human-computer interaction in online library catalogues

The notion of user friendliness is discussed in terms of the relationship between interface design and the nature of human‐computer interaction in OPACs. Menu driven interfaces, boolean searching and document representation are identified as major barriers to interaction. It is argued that user friendly interfaces cannot be developed independently without developments in the functionality of the search software and enhancements of the raw database. WIMP environments, probabilistic retrieval and knowledge base structures are suggested as a combined strategy to improve the quality of interaction in online catalogues.
Unified approach to prediction of propagation over buildings for all ranges of base station antenna height

Theoretical results for the dependence on base station antenna height of the average received signal for mobiles at street level are presented. The results apply to residential and commercial sections of cities and to all ranges of antenna height from well above to below that of the surrounding buildings. Assuming all buildings to be of equal heights, the range dependence of the average signal is found by evaluating multiple forward diffraction past rows of buildings. The solution for this diffraction problem for sources near to or below the rooftops gives the dependence of the range index on antenna height and base station height gain, which are in agreement with measurements. These results will be of importance for proposed systems for personal communication services, which envision the use of base station antennas at the height of lamp posts, as well as cellular mobile radio. >
Research Trends of the Credibility of Information in Social Q&A

Social Q&A sites such as Yahoo! Answers and Naver Knowledge-iN have become a viable method for information seeking and sharing on the Web. Considering their immense popularity and growing concerns about their validity as information sources, questions about the credibility of the information provided on social Q&As are timely. Therefore, this paper summarizes recent research on credibility related to the social Q&A context, identifies research gaps, and presents a research agenda for future research to advance this newly developing area.
Statistical Analysis of Dose-Response Experiments by Maximum Likelihood Analysis and Iteratively Reweighted Nonlinear Least Squares Regression Techniques

Dose-response studies often form integral parts of pharmacological investigations of drug activity and efficacy and of toxicological investigations of drug and chemical safety. Standardized dose-response study protocols, statistical models, model fitting techniques, and computer programs are widely available for such applications. Many studies however, require nonstandard models and model fitting procedures to adequately describe the resulting data. Maximum likelihood analysis can accommodate a wide variety of model structures in a unified manner. This presentation illustrates how general purpose nonlinear regression analysis routines, such as those that are available in SAS or in BMDP, can be used to obtain maximum likelihood model solutions and associated error analyses for nonstandard model fitting situations. This reduces the need for special purpose computer programs for individual modeling applications. Methodological considerations in the application of nonlinear regression modeling procedures to maximum likelihood estimation are discussed. The methodology is illustrated with several modeling situations.
Virtual-reality-assisted surgery using CNN paradigm and image-processing techniques

The scope of this paper is to stress the two important application areas of medical imaging such as Image-guided Neurosurgery and Image-guided Vascular Surgery through image-processing techniques under Cellular Neural Network (CNN) environment. In real-time, it is very important to have in computer-aided surgery using Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Ultrasonography with the help of digital image processing and analysis techniques. The significant advantage of virtual-reality-assisted surgery is to preoperatively plan a complex reconstruction, visualise the plan during the operation on the operative site and make correct comparisons between the preoperative plans qualitatively and quantitatively.