Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphometric similarities and differences between tree genotype of Pramenka sheep from central Bosnia

Morphometric characterization of three strains: Dub, Privor and Kupres was done in order to obtain the genetic characterization of autochthonous sheep strains in Central Bosnia. Total of 205 ewes and rams was measured in order to determine similarities and differences between them. The eight, most important, morphometric trait were determined: wither height, rump height, body length, shoulder width, chest depth, hip width, chest perimeter and shin perimeter. Ewes of Dub Pramenka in relation to Privor and Kupres strains had pronounced morphometric measures, and established differences were statistically significant and highly significant. Statistically significant differences in all measures was observed between rams, expect for hip width. The obtained results show a significant difference in morphometric measures of three autochthonous Pramenka strains from Central Bosnia.
Effect of organic amendment on properties and nutrient loss of soils of selected parent material

Soils of Southeastern Nigeria like those of other humid tropical countries are prone to leaching due to high rainfall resulting in low fertility, nutrient status, and crop yield. Evaluating the effects of selected organic amendments on retention of nutrients in soils is of major concern and formed the purpose of the study. Soil samples were collected from Asu River Group, (ARG), Bende Ameki Group (BAG), Coastal Plain Sand (CPS) and Falsebedded Sand Stone (FBS) which were the four respective parent materials studied. Three replicates of 10 kg of prepared samples from each parent material were bagged and thereafter applied with 10 tons ha-1 each of poultry (PD) and goat droppings (PD, GD). The thoroughly mixed combinations laid in a completely randomized design (CRD) were allowed to blend for three months after which, samples were collected from each bag and analyzed. The remaining amended soils were subjected to a rainfall simulation which enabled the collection of sediment yield which was also analyzed to determine the nutrients in them. Generated soil data were analyzed with analyses of variance (ANOVA). Means were separated using the least significant difference (LSD) at 5% probability level. The result showed that soil organic carbon increased from 15.80 – 17.70, 6.90 - 14.20, 7.10 – 13.90 and 11.39 - 17.50 gkg-1 in ARG, BAG, CPS and FBS respectively before and after amendment and later decreased to 10.8, 11.30, 6.70, and 8.30 g kg-1 in the sediment yield following simulation. Similarly, there were significant losses of about 23.52, 60.85; 60.00 and 47.20 % of total nitrogen to detached soils in the respective lithologies. Total nitrogen and available phosphorus losses in the soils followed the order: CPS > FBS > BAG > ARG and FBS > CPS > BAG > ARG respectively.
Historical demography of bird populations from Hispaniola assessed by nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences

Abstract. Molecular markers can be used to infer the demographic history of a given species, but many historic processes simultaneously impact multiple species. Thus, comparative historical demography has the potential to provide insight into drivers of evolution. In this study, we used nuclear DNA (nDNA) sequences to corroborate (or refute) demographic inferences based on earlier mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) data from 16 species of Hispaniola birds. Our previously published analysis suggested population expansion in five of six migratory species (following glacial retreat in North America), with less evidence of expansion in non-migratory species. Additional molecular markers should reduce locus-specific bias, and so we generated sequence data for several nuclear loci. Test statistics associated with the nDNA provided only equivocal evidence for population expansion in 10 of the 16 species. Discordance between mtDNA and nDNA is not uncommon because the two genomes are exposed to different selective pressures and have different effective population sizes and modes of inheritance. The nDNA analyses reported here cast some doubt on our earlier mtDNA inferences. They also suggest that the signal to noise ratio of demographic statistics is typically low because of the inherent variability in selective regimes and coalescence across loci.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Balance of Payments: Evidence from Developed and Developing Countries

The necessity to finance programs aimed at supporting the economy in response to the crisis of COVID-19 has resulted in the significant increase in external debt in both developed and developing countries. Moreover, if the economic growth rate has dramatically reduced in some countries, then the economy of other countries is challenging negative situation. Disruptions occurred in global supply chains due to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. This, in turn, has made a significant negative impact on the flow of international trade and investments. As a result of the decrease in export revenues, there has been experienced a strong pressure on the exchange rate of national currencies, capital outflow and decline in international reserves due to the foreign exchange intervention of central banks. In particular, in terms of Uzbekistan, appropriate measures are being undertaken to prevent the deepening of the economic crisis caused by the pandemic and to mitigate its consequences. These measures include possible restoration of business entities, assistance to companies that have suffered greatly from the crisis, providing tax and credit holidays, exemptions from rental charges. Meanwhile, assessing the impact of the pandemic on the country’s balance of payments, the use of reasonable policies and levers aimed at mitigating it are of a particular importance and considered to be prior objectives.
Durumluk Sınav Kaygısını Yordamada Ruminatif Tepkiler ve Cinsiyetin Rolü

Bu arastirmada, universite ogrencilerinin ruminatif tepkilerinin, saplantili dusunme, derin dusunme ve cinsiyetlerinin durumluk sinav kaygisini ne derece yordadiginin incelenmesi amaclanmistir. Arastirmada, betimsel tarama yontemi kullanilmistir. Arastirmanin calisma grubunu, Trakya Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi’nde farkli bolumlerde lisans ogrenimi goren toplam 397 universite ogrencisi olusturmaktadir. Katilimcilarin 271’i kadin (% 68.3), 126’si erkek (% 31.7) ve yas ortalamasi 21.02’dir. Arastirmada veri toplama araclari olarak; Durumluk Sinav Kaygisi Olcegi (DuSKO) ve Ruminatif Tepkiler Olcegi Kisa Formu (RTO- KF) kullanilmistir. Arastirmadan elde edilen verilerin cozumlenmesinde, korelasyon ve asamali coklu regresyon analizleri kullanilmistir. Arastirmanin bulgulari, durumluk sinav kaygisi ile ruminatif tepkiler, saplantili dusunme ve derin dusunme arasinda istatistiksel olarak pozitif yonde anlamli bir iliski oldugunu gostermektedir. Yapilan asamali coklu regresyon analizi ile; sinav kaygisini yordamada saplantili dusunme, cinsiyet ve derin dusunmenin onemli etkisi oldugu sonucuna ulasilmistir. Bulgulara gore, bu uc degisken sinav kaygisinin % 24’unu aciklamaktadir. Universite ogrencilerinin ruminatif tepkileri, saplantili dusunme ve derin dusunmeleri arttikca durumluk sinav kaygilari da artmaktadir. Ote yandan, durumluk sinav kaygisi ile cinsiyet arasinda da anlamli bir iliski elde edilmistir. Bu bulguya gore, kiz ogrencilerin erkek ogrencilere gore daha fazla durumluk sinav kaygisina sahip olduklari gorulmektedir. Elde edilen bulgular, alanyazin baglaminda tartisilmis, gelecekte yapilmasi planlanan calismalara isik tutmasina iliskin onerilerde bulunulmustur.
A Study Into The Evolution Of Hair Rendering Techniques

The issue of hair animation has always been one of the most challenging problems in the field of facial animation. The main problems in this field of research are the computing time required by the immensely complex geometry of human hair and the aliasing artifacts resulting from scaling the hair width to pixel width in classic polygonal hair models. This study gives an overview of all the researched methods that are relevant to the field of hair model acquisition, hair model generation, hair dynamics/animation and hair rendering.
Impression Formation in the Human Infant Brain

Abstract Forming an impression of another person is an essential aspect of human social cognition linked to medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) function in adults. The current study examined the neurodevelopmental origins of impression formation by testing the hypothesis that infants rely on processes localized in mPFC when forming impressions about individuals who appear friendly or threatening. Infants’ brain responses were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy while watching 4 different face identities displaying either smiles or frowns directed toward or away from them (N = 77). This was followed by a looking preference test for these face identities (now displaying a neutral expression) using eyetracking. Our results show that infants’ mPFC responses distinguish between smiling and frowning faces when directed at them and that these responses predicted their subsequent person preferences. This suggests that the mPFC is involved in impression formation in human infants, attesting to the early ontogenetic emergence of brain systems supporting person perception and adaptive behavior.
Optimization of Spiking Neural Networks Based on Binary Streamed Rate Coding

Spiking neural networks (SNN) increasingly attract attention for their similarity to the biological neural system. Hardware implementation of spiking neural networks, however, remains a great challenge due to their excessive complexity and circuit size. This work introduces a novel optimization method for hardware friendly SNN architecture based on a modified rate coding scheme called Binary Streamed Rate Coding (BSRC). BSRC combines the features of both rate and temporal coding. In addition, by employing a built-in randomizer, the BSRC SNN model provides a higher accuracy and faster training. We also present SNN optimization methods including structure optimization and weight quantization. Extensive evaluations with MNIST SNNs demonstrate that the structure optimization of SNN (81-30-20-10) provides 183.19 times reduction in hardware compared with SNN (784-800-10), while providing an accuracy of 95.25%, a small loss compared with 98.89% and 98.93% reported in the previous works. Our weight quantization reduces 32-bit weights to 4-bit integers leading to further hardware reduction of 4 times with only 0.56% accuracy loss. Overall, the SNN model (81-30-20-10) optimized by our method shrinks the SNN’s circuit area from 3089.49 mm2 for SNN (784-800-10) to 4.04 mm2—a reduction of 765 times.
RIPK1 and allies in the battle against hepatocyte apoptosis and liver cancer

Liver cancer constitutes the third most frequent cause for cancer-related deaths worldwide. It typically appears in individuals with underlying liver diseases, which most commonly develop in the context of chronic infections with hepatitis viruses, alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis or aflatoxin-mediated toxicity (1,2). Continuous death of hepatocytes is a central event in these liver pathologies and leads to a regenerative response characterized by hepatocyte proliferation, inflammation, steatosis and fibrosis that can progress to cirrhosis. This setting becomes a predisposing factor for the development of hepatocellular cancer (HCC), the most frequent form of primary liver cancer (3,4). Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing hepatocellular death is therefore crucial for designing preventive therapies.
Molecular Markers and Marker Assisted Plant Breeding: Current Status and their Applications in Agricultural Development

The availability of molecular markers during the last few decades has played a developmental role in the agricultural sector. Plant breeding through marker assisted selection (MAS) has massive potential to improve the efficiency of conventional methods. Molecular markers are also useful to identify the economically important traits in the breeding population for the further manipulation in short time. Different marker techniques are available that facilitate us from complex genomic research to genic and finally at proteomic level for useful breeding purpose in agricultural field. Here, we have tried to explore the advantages of different available forms of molecular markers and their applications at the global as well as at domestic level.
Pensamento computacional e atividade de programação: perspectivas para o ensino da matemática

Por meio de uma pesquisa bibliografica/documental, realizou-se um estudo teorico para discutir questoes relativas ao pensamento computacional desenvolvidas a partir da proposicao de atividades de programacao nas escolas de educacao basica. Para realizar tal discussao, expos-se, inicialmente, o olhar de alguns pesquisadores sobre o conceito do pensamento computacional e, com um breve resgate historico, procurou-se estabelecer relacoes entre os pressupostos presentes nesse tipo de raciocinio e os fundamentos do construcionismo, conforme descrito por Papert. Diante de tal analise, buscou-se identificar nos documentos oficiais da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) da area de Matematica evidencias de indicacoes do desenvolvimento de habilidades ligadas ao raciocinio computacional, sendo que este ultimo foi notado em atividades de programacao. Foi possivel observar que ha proposicao desse desenvolvimento na preocupacao em oferecer a alunos da educacao basica vivencias que favorecam a resolucao de problemas, envolvendo abstracao logica e representacao de dados, alem da utilizacao de conceitos de uma linguagem de programacao na implementacao de algoritmos escritos em linguagem corrente e/ou matematica. Palavras-chave: Construcionismo. Resolucao de problema. Algoritmo. Raciocinio logico. Pensamento Computacional. Base Nacional Comum Curricular.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA ALKALOID BUAH MAHKOTA DEWA (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-Vis DAN IR SERTA UJI TOKSISITAS AKUT TERHADAP LARVA Artemia salina Leach

Abstract : Fruit Mahkota Dewa ( Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) contains alkaloid, tannin, saponin, flavonoid, terpenoid dan lignin. The aim of this study was to elucidate compound from Mahkota Dewa based on the analyses on spectrophotometry UV-Vis, IR and to evaluate the compound in the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test. On IR spectra revealed the presence of alkaloid amin primer. The isolated alkaloid compound was found to be toxic to brine shrimp with LC 50 33.8932 μg/ml. Keywords: alkaloid, Mahkota Dewa, toxicity, Artemia salina Leach
Enhanced Circular Chain Control for Parallel Operation of Inverters in UPS Systems

In this paper, a current sharing method based on the circular chain control (3C) method is proposed for controlling parallel inverters of unequal ratings in uninterruptible power supply (UPS) applications. Due to its circular structure, 3C is one of the most convenient methods which can be used in UPS as well as microgrid systems. However, the conventional 3C control strategy is only applicable to inverters of equal power ratings. The proposed method not only retains the circular structure of the 3C method, but also provides adaptability for the parallel operation of inverters with different power ratings. Moreover, this method adds hot-swap capability to the parallel inverter. A two-loop control structure is used to control the inverters. For proper current sharing, currents of inverters are conveyed in a circular structure with appropriate gains through control links. Simulation and experimental results for linear and nonlinear loads verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
AluYb8 insertion in the WNK1 gene is not associated with hypertension in a Russian Caucasian population

WNK1 (With No-lysine Kinase 1), a serine-threonine kinase, regulates blood pressure by acting on various sodium transport-related ion channels. Several studies report a link between common variants of the WNK1 gene and hypertension. No data exists on Russian populations. Our aim was to evaluate the association between the WNK1 AluYb8 polymorphism and hypertension susceptibility in a Russian Caucasian population. A total of 66 patients with arterial hypertension and 40 controls were screened by polymerase chain reaction. We evaluated the genotype distribution in the patient and control groups using a chi-square test and assessed the relationship between genotypes and hypertension. This preliminary study on a small number of individuals suggests the absence of any association between the AluYb8 polymorphism and increased blood pressure. The polymorphism therefore does not increase the risk of hypertension, and in our cohort, is not a major contributor to blood pressure variability. It is therefore not useful for evaluating predisposition to hypertension, at least in the Krasnoyarsk region
Travellers’ meaning-making of the Sichuan-Tibet highway: from space of flows to place

Abstract The relationship between mobility and place-making in the context of tourism based on the new mobilities paradigm has been explored. Taking road travel on the Sichuan-Tibet Highway in southwestern China as a case, auto-ethnography and mobile ethnography are employed as the primary research methods, along with in-depth interviews, observations, personal travel log writings, and second-hand data collection. The question that how the space of road becomes a meaningful place through the mobility of road travellers thus has been answered. The mobility pattern of travellers is found to be stable in the time dimension and there are periodic repetitions in the spatial dimension, making ‘place-ballet’ on the highway. Accordingly, the road changes from space of flows into a place that is richly endowed with meaning. The travellers’ imagination of the road plays an important role in their interactions with the road, helping them making the meaning of the road. Multiple mobility practices shape the traveller’s ‘sense of the road’. In particular, the road is not a homogenous space in motion, but a ‘wrinkled’ one with numerous anchoring points. These moorings such as restaurants, hostels and landmarks shape travellers’ emotional connection with the road. Proactive or forced stillness not only affect the pace of the traveller’s mobility, but also broadens their understanding of the road and road travel. Therefore, the meaning attributed to the road is constructed by the mobility and the moorings. Accordingly, a comprehensive understanding of road travel, which is a distinct form of mobility practice, is generated. Moreover, the understanding of roads as a space of flows has been deepened and the significance of travel channels within mobility studies is highlighted. Finally, roads are regarded as a meaning place, which contributes to forming a ‘mobile concept’ of the place.
Theoretical research on electromagnetic wave propagation in plasma

Electromagnetic oscillations in plasma contained in a rectangular channel were studied using the exact analytical solution of the Klein–Gordon relativistic equation obtained during the research. It has been shown that the oscillations occur at the same frequency at various points in the plasma. The coalescence of frequencies at these points in the plasma is evidence that the plasma oscillations are self-consistent. Research shows that the phase velocity depends on the wavelength (frequency). Therefore, plasma is a dispersion medium for electromagnetic waves, which is explained by its own internal and external scales of space and time. The obtained solution may be used to research the electron density in plasma by analyzing the conditions of electromagnetic wave propagation in plasma, e.g., when the wave is not fully reflected. Using experimentally obtained conditions of full reflection, it is possible to find the plasma frequency and the electron density in the plasma.
A randomized generalized low rank approximations of matrices algorithm for high dimensionality reduction and image compression

High‐dimensionality reduction techniques are very important tools in machine learning and data mining. The method of generalized low rank approximations of matrices (GLRAM) is a popular technique for dimensionality reduction and image compression. However, it suffers from heavily computational overhead in practice, especially for data with high dimension. In order to reduce the cost of this algorithm, we propose a randomized GLRAM algorithm based on randomized singular value decomposition (RSVD). The theoretical contribution of our work is threefold. First, we discuss the decaying property of singular values of the matrices during iterations of the GLRAM algorithm, and provide a target rank required in the RSVD process from a theoretical point of view. Second, we establish the relationship between the reconstruction errors generated by the standard GLRAM algorithm and the randomized GLRAM algorithm. It is shown that the reconstruction errors generated by the former and the latter are comparable, even if the solutions are computed inaccurately during iterations. Third, the convergence of the randomized GLRAM algorithm is investigated. Numerical experiments on some real‐world data sets illustrate the superiority of our proposed algorithm over its original counterpart and some state‐of‐the‐art GLRAM‐type algorithms.
TERAPI CHIROPRACTIC (SPINAL MANIPULATION) TERHADAP LOW BACK PAIN

Low Back Pain adalah nyeri yang dirasakan antara tulang iga ke 12 dan bagian bawah lipatan gluteal dengan atau tanpa nyeri pada kaki dan berlangsung minimal 24 jam dan nilai nyeri sebesar 3 dari 10 atau lebih. Pasien yang mengalami penyakit kronis seringkali mencari pengobatan komplementer dan alternatif. Salah satu jenis pengobatan komplementer dan alternatif adalah chiropractic. Chiropractic adalah perawatan kesehatan yang berkaitan dengan diagnosa, perawatan dan pencegahan penyakit-penyakit pada sistem neuromuskuloskeletal dan dampak dari penyakitpenyakit ini terhadap kesehatan secara umum. Spinal manipulation atau terapi manipulatif tulang belakang adalah teknik yang dilakukan menggunakan tangan atau alat untuk memberikan dorongan yang terkontrol pada tulang belakang. Literature review ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui teknik, manfaat dan efek samping spinal manipulation pada pasien LBP. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review, sumber pustaka berasal dari PubMed NCBI, elsevier, dan Google Scholar, dengan tahun terbit antara 2005 hingga 2017. Terapi spinal manipulation dapat digunakan sebagai terapi untuk menurunkan nyeri pada pasien LBP akut maupun kronis.
Theoretical distinction between functional states in working memory and their corresponding neural states

ABSTRACT Working memory (WM) is important for guiding behaviour, but not always for the next possible action. Here we define a WM item that is currently relevant for guiding behaviour as the functionally “active” item; whereas items maintained in WM, but not immediately relevant to behaviour, are defined as functionally “latent”. Traditional neurophysiological theories of WM proposed that content is maintained via persistent neural activity (e.g., stable attractors); however, more recent theories have highlighted the potential role for “activity-silent” mechanisms (e.g., short-term synaptic plasticity). Given these somewhat parallel dichotomies, functionally active and latent cognitive states of WM have been associated with storage based on persistent-activity and activity-silent neural mechanisms, respectively. However, in this article we caution against a one-to-one correspondence between functional and activity states. We argue that the principal theoretical requirement for active and latent WM is that the corresponding neural states play qualitatively different functional roles. We consider a number of candidate solutions, and conclude that the neurophysiological mechanisms for functionally active and latent WM items are theoretically independent of the distinction between persistent activity-based and activity-silent forms of WM storage.