Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Older and More Experienced? Comparing Mainland Chinese International Students in Canada on Social Cognitive Correlates of Leisure Time Physical Activity, Acculturation, and Mental Health by Study Year

Background: Physical activity is a mandatory component of many university programs in China and there is evidence that Chinese students value physical activity for health (Chen & Liu, 2008); however, academics are generally prioritized as students advance in their studies (Ha, Macdonald, & Pang, 2010). Among international students in the United States, Asian students were found to have some of the lowest rates of physical activity, which could be linked with many combinations of cultural, environmental, and individual barriers (Yoh, Yang, & Gordon, 2008). Physical activity may aid in healthy transitions for Chinese international students. Aim: Chinese international students were compared by study year on physical activity, mental health, culture, and social cognitive theory variables. Method: First year (n = 92), second year (n = 52), and senior (n = 77) international students studying in Canada were compared on physical activity, self-efficacy, intention, access, stress, acculturative stress, subjective well-being, acculturation, and self-construal. The relationships between the social cognitive, mental health, culture variables, and physical activity were also compared. Results: Senior students perceived fewer places to do physical activity and more discrimination compared to first- and second-year students. Senior students experienced more academic pressure and guilt towards their family compared to second year students. First year students reported more general stress compared to second year students. Self-efficacy, intention, and exercise to reduce stress shared relationships with vigorous physical activity. Subjective well-being was related to moderate physical activity, and self-efficacy and independent self-construal were related to walking. Walking decreased by study year. Conclusions: Physical activity may be used to improve mental health for Chinese international students, but interventions may need to be adjusted or implemented depending on the academic stage of the student.
The Impact of Smartphone Dependence on Student Personality in Malang

Cellphones are the most popular communication devices perceived today. Students use smartphones as communication and entertainment to avoid stress. Excessive use of smartphones with high intensity can cause dependence. Smartphone dependence has a negative influence on quality of life and health such as anxiety. Indication of anxiety disorders can be physical, psychological, and behavioral.
The emotion of joy: commentary on Johnson

ABSTRACT In this contribution, I push for a deeper understanding of the emotion of joy as compared to happiness and to other discrete positive emotions, by specifying its appraisals and functions. I suggest that joy connects us to our core identity, values, and priorities. It is the emotion that makes life worth living in the moment. I further discuss the distinction between an objective versus subjective account of instances of joy, a distinction I find important to bear in mind when dealing with morally problematic cases of joy. Finally, I discuss points of connection between the psychologies of joy and religion and suggest multiple lines of future research.
Broaden-and-Build Effects of Contextually Boosting the Sense of Attachment Security in Adulthood

According to attachment theory, a sense of attachment security provides a foundation for mental health, social adjustment, and psychological thriving. In this article, we review what has been learned from laboratory experiments on the causal effects of contextually boosting a person’s sense of attachment security. We begin with a brief account of attachment theory and the construct of attachment security. We then review findings from laboratory experiments showing that contextual activation of mental representations of attachment security has beneficial effects on emotion regulation, psychological functioning, and prosocial behavior.
A filter for syntactically incomparable parallel
 sentences

Massive automatic comparison of languages in parallel corpora will greatly speed up and enhance comparative syntactic research. Automatically extracting and mining syntactic differences from parallel corpora requires a pre-processing step that filters out sentence pairs that cannot be compared syntactically, for example because they involve “free” translations. In this paper we explore four possible filters: the Damerau-Levenshtein distance between POS-tags, the sentence-length ratio, the graph-edit distance between dependency parses, and a combination of the three in a logistic regression model. Results suggest that the dependency-parse filter is the most stable throughout language pairs, while the combination filter achieves the best results.
Getting Objective About Subjective Age: Introduction to a Special Issue

Researchers have become increasingly interested in age-related constructs other than chronological age, which has been found to explain only small amounts of variance in many important work outcomes. In this editorial that accompanies our special issue of Work, Aging and Retirement on “the multitude of age constructs,” we seek to attain three related goals: First, we provide an overview of our editorial process. Second, we offer brief summaries of the five papers that are included in this special issue. Third, and perhaps representing our most substantive contribution here, we present answers to six “big picture” questions about subjective age to inform future scholarly work. We conclude that, although many important questions about alternative age constructs remain to be answered, the papers in this special issue represent excellent examples of novel work in this arena and suggest several opportunities for how future research could more rigorously and critically apply these constructs to the study of work, aging and retirement.
Marital life, sexual relations, and fertility health in Iranian HIV/AIDS patients: a qualitative study

Introduction: Although the rights, needs, and interests of reproductive and sexual health in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women and men are similar to those of HIV-negative people, some biological and social differences require them to be given special attention. The aim of this qualitative study was exploring the sexual behaviours and reproductive health of people with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Material and methods: The data collected in this study included semi-structured, face-to-face and audio recorded interviews with 14 HIV/AIDS patients referring to the Behavioural Disease Counselling Centres of Tehran and Rasht (Iran). Purposeful sampling with maximum variation was used to select participants. The duration of the interviews was between 40 and 75 minutes. MAXQDA10 software was used to organise and manage the data, and conventional concept analysis was used to examine the data. Results: Fifty-seven per cent of the participants were male and 64% were married. More than 90% of the participants had not had children since the disease. In the analysis of interviews, the following three themes were extracted: stressful marriage, sexual activity, and childbearing. Conclusions: The findings of the study, not only in the field of health care management but also at the social level, have applications supporting people living with HIV/AIDS as well as non-affected people. HIV AIDS Rev 2019; 18, 3: 207-214 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2019. 88357
Introduction

This introductory chapter sketches the contours of an emerging multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research program on the conceptual foundations, antecedents, dynamics, and consequences of gossip and reputation. It argues that this research agenda should be developed along three interrelated dimensions. First, gossip and reputation are multifaceted theoretical constructs that share at least six key characteristics. Both are relational and triadic, morally laden, multifunctional, and context-dependent social phenomena that have an evolutionary base and are subject to strategic behavior. Each of the chapters in this Handbook touches upon at least one of these facets. Second, in order to adequately capture this complexity, a multidisciplinary and eventually interdisciplinary approach is needed. Intradisciplinary progress is a precondition for high-quality multidisciplinary scholarship. Third, the frontier of much current research crystallizes around six substantive problem domains, capturing different levels of analysis and their interplay.
Willingness to seek professional mental health service in three ethnic groups of Asian Americans

ABSTRACT The study explored factors associated with willingness to seek professional mental health service in three ethnic groups of Asian Americans (Chinese, Vietnamese, and Filipino). Mental health needs reduced the odds of having willingness to seek service in the Chinese sample. In the Vietnamese sample, the linkage between the presence of mental health needs and willingness to seek service was less likely when they had a higher level of the social network. Findings demonstrated similarities and differences between and within subgroups, providing both general and group-specific implications in bridging the gap between mental health needs and service use in Asian Americans.
Meaning in Life Drives Reductions in Suicide Risk Among Acutely Suicidal Soldiers Receiving a Crisis Response Plan

Objective: The purpose was to examine temporal associations among meaning in life and suicide risk across suicide-focused interventions. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from a randomized clinical trial testing the efficacy of a standard crisis response plan (S-CRP) and a CRP enhanced with a discussion about the patient's reasons for living (E-CRP) as compared to treatment as usual (TAU). A total of 97 active duty U.S. Army personnel presenting to military emergency departments and outpatient behavioral health clinics with active suicide ideation or a lifetime history of suicide attempts were enrolled between January 2013 and February 2016. Meaning in life and suicide risk were assessed at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 month follow-ups. Results: The association of meaning in life with time-lagged suicide risk significantly differed across treatment groups (p = .024). In TAU, meaning in life was not significantly associated with later reductions in suicide risk. In S-CRP, a stronger desire to establish meaning in life was significantly associated with later reductions in suicide risk (p < .001). In E-CRP, a stronger sense of purpose and meaning in life was significantly associated with later reductions in suicide risk (p < .001). Discussion: Faster reductions in suicide risk observed among patients who receive a CRP are attributable in part by the effects of strengthened meaning in life. Different facets of meaning in life contribute to reduced suicide risk in unique ways across treatments with varying components. Clinical Trials Registration: Data used in this secondary analysis came from ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02042131.
Reactions to Nonconformity Imagery in Advertising among Chinese and Japanese Consumers: The Effect of Personal and National Cultural Tightness

Previous research has documented a positive effect of nonconformity on the inference of higher status in Western cultures. In Western culture, nonconformity is associated with high status, which is attributed to competence and autonomy. The present research extends research on nonconformity and status perception to the East Asian context by investigating how cultural tightness—the degree to which social norms are strict and deviance from norms is intolerable—at the personal level and national level jointly affects the evaluation of advertisements featuring nonconformity in two East Asian nations: Japan and China. Based on recent studies showing perceived level of tightness being higher in Japan than in China, we posit that consumers’ evaluations of nonconformity in advertisements may differ between Japan and China, despite the two countries sometimes being grouped into a homogenous “East Asian” culture. Through four studies, we showed that Chinese consumers with low personal tightness had favorable attitudes toward ads portraying nonconformity and perceived products in these ads as having high status, whereas Chinese consumers with high personal tightness showed favorable attitudes toward ads portraying conformity. In contrast, Japanese consumers showed relatively harsher judgments for nonconforming behavior than Chinese consumers.
Intersections between collaborative governance and communicative action: an analytical proposal

Resumo Pode-se dizer que os esforços do gerencialismo não conseguiram apresentar grandes mudanças nos padrões das relações entre Estado centralizador e sociedade. Com isso em vista, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi propor uma abordagem analítica, a partir das aproximações entre governança colaborativa (GC) e teoria da ação comunicativa (TAC), para investigar práticas de colaboração comunicativa (CC) entre Estado e sociedade. Na busca pelas intersecções entre os pressupostos teóricos da GC e da TAC, identificaram-se quatro constructos teóricos para um cenário colaborativo: a) multiplicidade de atores; b) interdependência; c) processo deliberativo inclusivo; e d) busca pelo consenso. Os achados do estado da arte da GC e das obras clássicas habermasianas demonstraram que os pressupostos de uma CC viabilizam ambientes propícios a uma participação social inclusiva. Discute-se que é possível construir espaços propícios a uma CC entre Estado e sociedade, onde haja igualdade de participação entre os interessados, na busca por um entendimento compartilhado capaz de apontar soluções práticas para problemas públicos.
Investigating the Effects of Varying Levels of Autonomy in an eLancing Environment

INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF VARYING LEVELS OF AUTONOMY IN AN ELANCING ENVIRONMENT Traci M. Bricka, M.S. The University of Texas at Arlington, 2019 Supervising Professor: Amber N. Schroeder, Ph.D. Whereas there is a plethora of research on the work outcomes of standard employees (i.e., individuals who work full-time at one organization and complete work specified by the employer at their established place of business under the assumption of long-term employment; Broschak & Davis-Blake, 2006), there is a scarce amount of research investigating factors impact the outcomes of nonstandard employees (i.e., individuals who conduct any type of work that differs from standard work; Ashford, George, & Blatt, 2007). As these work environments are highly discrepant, there is a need for research concentrating on nonstandard employees. This study built upon Job Characteristics Theory by investigating the effects of autonomy on online nonstandard employee (i.e., eLancer) outcomes (i.e., performance and satisfaction), as well as the mediating mechanisms of felt responsibility, meaningfulness, and effort. Although an experimental autonomy manipulation did not produce the expected effects, results indicated that perceptions of autonomy predicted felt responsibility for the task, but not reported task meaningfulness. In turn, both felt responsibility and meaningfulness predicted increased effort, which was positively related to task satisfaction and performance. Additionally, preference for autonomy moderated the relationship between perceptions of autonomy and felt responsibility, such that as preference for autonomy increased, the relationship between perceived autonomy and felt responsibility
Modulations by Nontraditional Graduate Students to Overcome Imposed Withdrawal

Abstract Failure to thrive among nontraditional graduate students—whether by attrition, degree noncompletion, or failure—may represent an inability to manage competing demands rather than an inability to perform academically. University personnel have considered themselves limited in the ability to support non-traditional students to overcome nonacademic barriers to persistence and degree completion. However, nontraditional graduate students possess a capacity to change in order to participate successfully in higher education, and university personnel can positively inform such changes. This study examined the experiences of nine students who overcame imposed withdrawal (i.e., dismissal or academic disqualification) and continued successfully or completed a graduate degree. An analysis of interview transcripts revealed eight change attribution themes demonstrating how nontraditional students enacted several changes to themselves or their approaches to learning and how they shared responsibility for changing in their relations to others—all as an effort to overcome failure and to succeed academically.
BRIEF COMMUNICATION: MOTIVATING FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RECEIPT OF ASYMPTOMATIC COLONOSCOPY SCREENING

Background: Colonoscopy is the preferred screening method for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to identify factors motivating a beneficial health behavior, that is, the decision to complete a colonoscopy. Methods: We surveyed 91 primarily urban minority health care workers who were ineligible for a large randomized controlled trial due to self‐reported asymptomatic colonoscopy screening. Participants were asked an open‐ended question about what made them get screened. Responses were classified as external or internal motivations. Results: The most commonly reported external motivation was a primary care physician’s recommendation (n = 60, 65.9%). Other external motivations were familiarity with CRC or polyps through family or work (n = 16, 17.6%) and pressure from relatives or friends (n = 8, 8.8%). Seventeen respondents were deemed self‐motivated; these individuals were more likely have income over $50K/year (P < 0.05) and to be US born (P = 0.05); they were more likely to mention being age‐appropriate for screening (P < 0.05); knew more people who had colonoscopies (P < 0.001); they were less likely to believe that most of the age‐appropriate population in New York City has been screened (P < 0.01) and less likely to be deterred from colonoscopy by work schedule (P < 0.001) or by having to take a powerful laxative (P < 0.001). Conclusions: A primary care physician’s recommendation may be the most prevalent motivating factor in patients’ decisions to receive a colonoscopy, but a subgroup seeks CRC screening on their own. Analysis of the motivations of individuals who have sought colonoscopy screening may offer useful insights into motivating those who have not.
The “doing” or the “being”? Understanding the roles of involvement and social identity in peer‐led addiction support groups

© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. While the efficacy of peer-led support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) are well established for people recovering from addiction, the “active ingredients” which underpin their efficacy are less understood. Drawing on social identity perspectives, in particular the Social Identity Model of Cessation Maintenance, the current study aimed to explore the relative effects of two possible processes: social identification and involvement with the group's activities. A sample (n = 44) of AA members completed measures pertaining to their social identification with AA, their involvement in the group's activities and their quit efficacy. The findings suggest that AA involvement was significantly related to identity. Mediation analysis revealed a relationship between involvement and efficacy meditated by identity. However, in contrast, the identity-efficacy link was not mediated by involvement. The findings suggest that social identification with AA is as important as, or more important than, simple involvement in the group's activities. This suggests that group planners and facilitators should therefore encourage opportunities to generate a sense of belonging alongside the activities the group revolve around.
TUBERCULOSIS OF THE SMALL INTESTINE WITH DUODENAL STENOSIS

近年,抗 結核剤 が進歩 し,肺 結核症 は著 しく減 す ると同時に,主 として二 次感 染で ある 腸 結核 も少 な くなったが,本 邦 におい ては腸結核 はい ま だ文献上 で し ば し ば 散 見 され る. そ の好発部位 は回腸 もし くは回盲部 とされてい るが,わ れわれは比較 的稀 な十二 指腸結 核 を経 験 した. 患者 は肺結核 の既往 を有す る57歳 男性で,反 覆 す る上腹 部痛,嘔 吐 を主訴 として入院. ツベル ク リン反応陽性. 一 般検査所見正常. 胸 部X線 像 で両側上肺野 に石灰 化像 を認め る. 低 緊張性 十二 指腸 造影で十二指腸末端部 の2カ 所 に狭 窄像,憩 室様拡 張部 を認 め,既 往歴 と伴せ考え,結 核性十二指腸狭窄 を疑 ったが,確 診 がつ かぬまま開腹手 術 を施 行 した. 開腹所見では 十 二指腸 終末部 と トライツ靱 帯か ら5cm,肛 門側空腸漿膜 に 多数 の栗粒 大白色結節,腸 管壁 の疲痕性肥厚,狭 窄を認 め,さ らにそれ よ り肛 門側 空腸 の同様 変化あ り, 2カ 所 で各々14cm, 5cm長 にわ たる腸切後,端 々吻合 を施行 した. ま た回腸 に も2 カ所 に病変部 を認 めたが,狭 窄所見な く放置 した. 組織検査で結核結節 を認めたが,結 核菌は証明 されなか った. 腸 結核症は文献上,回 腸お よび回盲部に多 く,十 二指腸発生例 は今 日まで に40数 例 の報 告 をみ るにす ぎない. 症状 として特微的な ものはないが,十 二指腸 発生例では嘔吐が必 発 といわれ る. 確 定診断には病理学的検索が必要であ り,臨 床上,術 前診断は困難 なことが多い. 現 状 ではX線 診 断が最 も有用で,二 重造影 による精密診断が推漿 され,ク ローン病 との鑑別 が 最 も問題に され る. 化学療法が無効 の場合には手術が適 応にな り,罹 患腸管切除が理想的 ではあるが,時 に は姑息 的術式 もやむ をえない こともあ る. 主 病巣の切除が可能 な らば,残 存病変 には化学 療法の効果 が期 待でき るもの と考え る.
Experiences and Perceptions of Teachers and Parents about the Impact of the Moral Education Program Implementation in Dubai Schools

Children are born as a blank slate, they need adults’ guidance to survive in their societies. From the old times, the major mission of schools was to equip students with both intellectual and moral values. The United Arab Emirates UAE acknowledges the role of Moral Education in helping young children to develop their own values and beliefs. To build a sustainable society based on respect, tolerance and ethics and to develop the next generation of leaders who are actively productive in their communities, the Moral Education policy was introduced in the UAE private and public schools for the 2017-2018 academic year. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of the implementation of the Moral Education policy in Dubai schools. A qualitative research design was used in this study. Teachers’ data was collected through a qualitative survey to explore their experiences and perceptions about the impact of the Moral Education policy in Dubai. On the other hand, interviews were used with parents for data collection. The research findings revealed that there is a lack of parents’ involvement with children’s academics, which is an essential factor for the effective implementation of the Moral Education program. Also, the study indicated that the Moral Education program is on the right path towards building students’ character traits and preparing more responsible individuals who have a sense of morality and appreciation of the UAE culture and other cultures.
The composition of decomposition: unpacking reading in teacher education

ABSTRACT As teacher education aims to prepare thoughtfully adaptive teachers, programs have begun to examine a practice-focused approach. One movement focuses on the pedagogy of teacher education, including how practice is unpacked, decomposed, for teacher candidates. This paper examines the pedagogy of decomposition in a U.S. based practice-focused reading course. This paper presents the Framework for Decomposition in Teacher Education. Using this tool, findings indicate decomposition is much more nuanced and complex than previously reported. Implications of this expanded view include an analytic tool for researchers and supports for teacher educators in understanding the different types of complex practice to unpack in preparing teachers.
An invasiv pulmonary mucınous adenocarcinoma mımıckıng organısıng pneumonia

Pulmonary adenocarcinomas are the most frequent ones among all lung cancersand include complex cell types. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and mixed type adenocarcinoma that were found in old classification, now dissepeared in new classification which was held in 2011 composed by European Respiratory Society, the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer and. American Thoracic Society. Here, we aimed to represent an invasive mucinious adenocarcinoma (having signet ring cell) case mimicking organising pneumonia which was called as in old classification. Pam Med J 2014;8(1):75-78