Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analytical theory of mesoscopic Bose-Einstein condensation in an ideal gas

We find the universal structure and scaling of the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) statistics and thermodynamics (Gibbs free energy, average energy, heat capacity) for a mesoscopic canonical-ensemble ideal gas in a trap with an arbitrary number of atoms, any volume, and any temperature, including the whole critical region. We identify a universal constraint-cutoff mechanism that makes BEC fluctuations strongly non-Gaussian and is responsible for all unusual critical phenomena of the BEC phase transition in the ideal gas. The main result is an analytical solution to the problem of critical phenomena. It is derived by, first, calculating analytically the universal probability distribution of the noncondensate occupation, or a Landau function, and then using it for the analytical calculation of the universal functions for the particular physical quantities via the exact formulas which express the constraint-cutoff mechanism. We find asymptotics of that analytical solution as well as its simple analytical approximations which describe the universal structure of the critical region in terms of the parabolic cylinder or confluent hypergeometric functions. The obtained results for the order parameter, all higher-order moments of BEC fluctuations, and thermodynamic quantities perfectly match the known asymptotics outside the critical region for both low and high temperature limits. Wemore » suggest two- and three-level trap models of BEC and find their exact solutions in terms of the cutoff negative binomial distribution (which tends to the cutoff gamma distribution in the continuous limit) and the confluent hypergeometric distribution, respectively. Also, we present an exactly solvable cutoff Gaussian model of BEC in a degenerate interacting gas. All these exact solutions confirm the universality and constraint-cutoff origin of the strongly non-Gaussian BEC statistics. We introduce a regular refinement scheme for the condensate statistics approximations on the basis of the infrared universality of higher-order cumulants and the method of superposition and show how to model BEC statistics in the actual traps. In particular, we find that the three-level trap model with matching the first four or five cumulants is enough to yield remarkably accurate results for all interesting quantities in the whole critical region. We derive an exact multinomial expansion for the noncondensate occupation probability distribution and find its high-temperature asymptotics (Poisson distribution) and corrections to it. Finally, we demonstrate that the critical exponents and a few known terms of the Taylor expansion of the universal functions, which were calculated previously from fitting the finite-size simulations within the phenomenological renormalization-group theory, can be easily obtained from the presented full analytical solutions for the mesoscopic BEC as certain approximations in the close vicinity of the critical point. « less
White Matter Disruption in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Results from ENIGMA Pediatric msTBI

Annually, approximately 3 million children around the world experience traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), of which up to 20% are characterized as moderate to severe (msTBI) and/or have abnormal imaging findings. Affected children are vulnerable to long-term cognitive and behavioral dysfunction, as injury can disrupt or alter ongoing brain maturation. Post-injury outcomes are highly variable, and there is only limited understanding of how inter-individual differences in outcomes arise. Small sample sizes have also complicated efforts to better understand factors influencing the impact of TBI on the developing brain. White matter (WM) disruption is a critical aspect of TBI neuropathology and diffusion MRI (dMRI) is particularly sensitive to microstructural abnormalities. Here we present the results of a coordinated analysis of dMRI data across ten cohorts from three countries. We had three primary aims: (1) to characterize the nature and extent of WM disruption across key post-injury intervals (acute/subacute - within 2 months, post-acute - 2-6 months, chronic - 6+ months); (2) evaluate the impact of age and sex on WM in the context of injury; and (3) to examine associations between WM and neurobehavioral outcomes. Based on data from 507 children and adolescents (244 with complicated mild to severe TBI and 263 control children), we report widespread WM disruption across all post-injury intervals. As expected, injury severity was a significant contributor to the pattern and extent of WM degradation, but explained less variance in dMRI measures with increasing time since injury, supporting other research indicating that other factors contribute increasingly to outcomes over time. The corpus callosum appears to be particularly vulnerable to injury, an effect that persists years post-TBI. We also report sex differences in the effect of TBI on the uncinate fasciculus (UNC), a structure with a key role in emotion regulation. Females with a TBI had significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the UNC than those with no TBI, and this phenomenon was further associated with more frequent parent-reported behavioral problems as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). These effects were not detected in males. With future harmonization of imaging and neurocognitive data, more complex modeling of factors influencing outcomes will be possible and help to identify clinically-meaningful patient subtypes.
The Executive Compensation Incentive Effectiveness Research of Listed Company of Beijing

With the separation of the ownership and management right of modern enterprise, asymmetric information between management and owner leads to the principal-agent contradiction. At present, the monetary compensation incentive and equity compensation incentive are regarded as the most direct and effective means to solve the agency problem, and its incentive effect has become the core of corporate governance, which is widely concerned by academic and practical circles. We take the data of Beijing listed companies from 2011 to 2015 as the sample, and then compared the effectiveness of the two incentive means through the panel analysis while considering the lag effect of incentive measures. We found that the monetary compensation incentive and equity compensation incentive are both related to the performance of listed companies in Beijing, and there is a lag; the effect of monetary compensation incentive decreases as time moved which is more likely to lead executives to make short-term profit behaviors. Then we introduce the lagging indicators of performance into the model to control the economic inertia, and found that the monetary compensation incentive is more effective than the equity compensation incentive means by iteration, which has a more significant impact on the executive behavior.
Parámetros poblacionales de Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) y pérdidas asociadas en tomate de invernadero

Population parameters of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and associated losses in greenhouse tomato. Introduction: The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), the most threatening pest for tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L. , production worldwide, may cause total losses, and is difficult to control. Thus, understanding its populations dynamic in the crop is a priority to mitigate damage. Objective: Herein, population parameters of T. absoluta were evaluated in tomato var. Sonero in the greenhouse, in three management systems (commercial, maximum population and total control). Methods: during 25 weeks in La Union, Antioquia, Colombia, mathematical models were applied to describe the populations of larvae and adults (males) in time, as related to production parameters and associated losses. Results: The intrinsic growth rate was 0.447 larvae per week. The Gaussian and exponential models described best the population over time. The losses were associated with weight and number of marketable fruits, and with total production weight, and number of clusters and total fruits. Conclusion: T. absoluta larvae have growth exponentially in a ventilated greenhouse, with a smaller intrinsic growth rate than that calculated by life tables in the laboratory.
Detection of QTL underlying seed quality components in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

Abstract: Improving seed composition and quality, including protein, oil, fatty acid, and amino acid contents, is an important goal of soybean farmers and breeders. The aim of this study was to map the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying the contents of protein, oil, fatty acids, and amino acids with 1510 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers using the ‘Hamilton’ × ‘Spencer’ recombinant inbred line population (H × S; n = 93). A total of 13 QTL for the traits studied have been mapped on 3 chromosomes (Chr.) of the soybean genome. Three major QTL have been mapped to a 7–13 cM region on Chr. 6. One major QTL for oil content (qOIL001) explained approximately 76% of the total phenotypic variation in this population; the second major QTL for amino acid alanine (Ala; qALA001) explained approximately 74% of the total variation in Ala content; moreover, two major QTL for palmitic acid (qPAL001 and qPAL002) were identified on Chr. 6 and explained approximately 21% of the phenotypic variation in this population. The SNP markers flanking the QTL identified here will be very useful for soybean breeders to develop and select soybean lines with higher seed composition qualities using marker-assisted selection.
148 : Aquifer Characterization by Geophysical Methods

Geophysical methods are increasingly being used to characterize the subsurface. They offer the potential to derive basic characteristics, state variables, and properties of geological formations. In this article, we focus on the application of geophysical methods to derive properties and state variables of aquifer systems. Special attention is given to the assessment of hydraulic conductivity, porosity, and water saturation. Three different groups of methods (seismics, electrical techniques, and electromagnetics) and their combined use are discussed. For each method, relationships between geophysical and hydrogeological quantities are outlined and applications are presented. A separate section is devoted to the development and application of combined approaches in hydrogeophysics.
A hybrid multilevel converter for medium and high voltage applications

This paper investigates the suitability of the hybrid multilevel converter for medium and high voltage application. The converter operation, modulation, and capacitor voltage balancing method are described in detail. The ability of the hybrid multilevel converter to operate with different modulation indices and load power factors is investigated. It has been established that the hybrid multilevel converter is capable of operating independent of load power factor. Operation with variable modulation index increases voltage stresses on the converter switches and does not alter the fundamental voltage magnitude as in all known voltage source converter topologies. The viability of the hybrid multilevel converter for medium and high voltage applications is confirmed by simulations.
Teachers' Epistemic Cognition in Classroom Assessment

Epistemic cognition represents aspects of teachers' thinking focused on issues related to knowledge, which may have particular relevance for classroom assessment practices given that teachers must discern what their students know and then use this information to inform instruction. We present a model of epistemic cognition in teaching with a focus on teachers' classroom assessment practices. We argue that teachers' epistemic cognition is inherently more complex than current models developed for learners. Further, we suggest that teachers' epistemic cognition can be supported through the development of reflexivity as an epistemic virtue and that the 3R-EC framework for reflexivity represents one protocol for engaging in reflexive practice that targets epistemic cognition. We close the article with implications for teacher development and with recommendations for further theory and research.
Topological Data Analysis for Image Forgery Detection

The manipulation of digital images has become easy due to powerful computers, advanced photo-editing software packages and high-resolution image-capturing devices. The identification of image authenticity has received much attention because of the increasing power of image editing methods. Object removal is an image forgery technique, which is usually achieved by the Exemplar-Based Inpainting (EBI) method without any noticeable traces. Some legal issues may arise when a tampered image cannot be distinguished from a real one by visual examination. Therefore the manipulation of digital images has become a huge challenge to passive image forensics. There are a lot of forgery techniques that use to detect on these images after removing the object, but these techniques have limitations when used some post-processing operations such as super-resolution processing, noise addition, blurring and compression processes. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel forgery detection technique to recognize tampered inpainting images, using topological data analysis (TDA) approach. TDA is a mathematical approach concern studying shapes or objects to gain information about connectivity and closeness property of those objects. This proposed technique is applied for a large number of natural images with getting a good results.
An Empirical Bayes Approach to Regularization Using Previously Published Models

This manuscript proposes a novel empirical Bayes technique for regularizing regression coefficients in predictive models. When predictions from a previously published model are available, this empirical Bayes method provides a natural mathematical framework for shrinking coefficients toward the estimates implied by the body of existing research rather than the shrinkage toward zero provided by traditional L1 and L2 penalization schemes. The method is applied to two different prediction problems. The first involves the construction of a model for predicting whether a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the KCNQ1 gene will result in dysfunction of the corresponding voltage gated ion channel. The second involves the prediction of preoperative serum creatinine change in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Economic Supply and Demand with Data Analytics Functionalities

The primary goal of this article is to start a discussion about the possibility to connect supply and demand with data analytics functionalities in the frame of a dynamic system environment. So, a number of classical supply and demand topics, concepts, and definitions, as well as state-of-the-art data analytics concepts are reviewed firstly. Then, the critical modeling problem of both concepts “supply” and “demand” using system dynamics is introduced, analyzed, and examined. Finally, supply, demand, big data and data analytics are considered in a system dynamics modeling environment. Actually, the proposed paper provides an initial approach (introduction) to the main (basic) procedures, analytical approaches and methods of data and big data analysis. In particular, a framework to help program staff in their job and approaches on supply and demand issues using big data procedures and methods is presented. Accordingly, this article aims to support the work of data analytics and statistics staff across various content areas with big data functionalities. This article was created because the state-of-the-art concept “using data and information in meaningful and smart ways” includes many opportunities and possibilities and obviously a great deal of information is involved. Doubtless, some of this information has a great complexity and it is highly dependent upon specialized data, information and knowledge like the “data analytics” concept. However, there are many ways of “using data in smart ways” that are more primitive and that involve relatively simple enough procedures. Hence, the purpose of the current paper is to provide data analytics functionalities in supply and demand applications with a contemporary framework for thinking about, working with, and benefiting from an increased ability to use big data smartly and efficiently. Finally, the current paper should be characterized as a knowledge generation opinion article which recommends the inclusion of data analytics and distributed technology in supply and demand industry in order to enhance functionalities and compatibility to state-of-the-art ICT.
Effect of weaning age on intestinal mucosal morphology, permeability, gene expression of tight junction proteins, cytokines and secretory IgA in Wuzhishan mini piglets

Abstract To evaluate the effects of weaning age on intestinal mucosal morphology, expressions of tight junction proteins and inflammatory cytokines, as well as secretory IgA (sIgA) of Wuzhishan piglets, a total of 96 piglets at 1-day old with an average body weight of 0.56 ± 0.07 kg were randomly divided into four treatments with four replicates per treatment and 6 pigs per replicate. Piglets in those four treatments were weaned at the age of 21(21W), 28(28W), 35 (35W) and 42 (42W) days, respectively. Blood sample was collected for determining plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactate at 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days old. The jejunum and ileum segments were collected for morphology analysis, and mucosa samples were collected for Real-time PCR and sIgA measurements at 56 days old. The results showed that: compared with the 21W groups, piglets in 35W and 42W groups significantly decreased DAO activity and D-lactate level at 28 to 35 days and 56 days old (p < .05), increased mRNA levels of occludin and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) in jejunal and ileal mucosa (p < .05) and claudin in ileal mucosa (p < .05) and reduced the sIgA contents in jejunum and ileum (p < .05) at 56 days old. By contrary, the intestinal mucosal morphology and mRNA levels of cytokines in jejuna and ileal mucosa at 56 days old were not significantly different among the treatments (p > .05). Results suggest that weaning at 35 or 42 days old may be beneficial to intestinal barrier function, whereas weaning at 21 days old promoted sIgA expression.
chTOG is a conserved mitotic error correction factor

Accurate chromosome segregation requires kinetochores on duplicated chromatids to biorient by attaching to dynamic microtubules from opposite spindle poles, which exerts forces to bring kinetochores under tension. However, kinetochores initially bind to MTs indiscriminately, resulting in errors that must be corrected. While the Aurora B protein kinase destabilizes low-tension attachments by phosphorylating kinetochores, low-tension attachments are intrinsically less stable than those under higher tension in vitro independent of Aurora activity. Intrinsic tensionsensitive behavior requires the microtubule regulator Stu2 (budding yeast Dis1/XMAP215 ortholog), which we demonstrate here is likely a conserved function for the TOG protein family. The human TOG protein, chTOG, localizes to kinetochores independent of microtubules by interacting with Hec1. We identify a chTOG mutant that regulates microtubule dynamics but accumulates erroneous kinetochore-microtubule attachments that Aurora B fails to destabilize. Thus, TOG proteins confer a unique, intrinsic error correction activity to kinetochores that ensures accurate chromosome segregation.
A Trust Based Model of Buying Behavior in Electronic Retailing

The exponential growth of the Internet has seen the use of this medium by organizations to sell their goods and services. While buying and selling over the Internet has grown dramatically so has been the failure of ventures that were started to sell goods or services over the Internet. This paper attributes this failure to be a function of improper understanding on the part of sellers as to how buyers buy products or services over the Internet. Focusing on the retail side of electronic commerce, this paper develops a model to explain buying behavior for products over the Internet. The model developed emphasizes on trust as being an essential component and that trust coupled with buyer motivation can help understand and manage buying over the Internet.
Abstract CT267: A phase 1b/2, open-label study of bintrafusp alfa with chemotherapy in patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer

Background: The combinations of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy (CT) and atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and CT have been approved for first-line therapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) regardless of PD-L1 expression; however, there is still a significant unmet need for this patient population who may not respond to immune checkpoint treatment. Bintrafusp alfa (M7824) is a first-in-class bifunctional fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain of the TGF-βRII receptor designed to function as a TGF-β “trap” fused to a human IgG1 mAb blocking PD-L1. Promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile were observed with bintrafusp alfa in multiple cohorts of a phase 1 study (NCT02517398) that enrolled patients with advanced, pretreated NSCLC who experienced disease progression either after platinum-based CT or anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy. This study is evaluating the safety and efficacy of bintrafusp alfa in combination with CT in patients with stage IV NSCLC. Trial Design: This is a phase 1b/2, open-label, 4-cohort study (NCT03840915) evaluating bintrafusp alfa in combination with CT in patients with stage IV NSCLC. All patients will receive bintrafusp alfa 2400 mg Q3W intravenously and either cisplatin or carboplatin + pemetrexed (cohort A), carboplatin + nab-paclitaxel or paclitaxel (cohort B), cisplatin or carboplatin + gemcitabine (cohort C), or docetaxel (cohort D) Q3W for 4 cycles, followed by bintrafusp alfa maintenance (monotherapy or combination with pemetrexed [cohort A]) for up to 31 cycles or until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or death. Patients must be adults with histologically confirmed diagnosis of stage IV nonsquamous or squamous NSCLC (nonsquamous for cohort A), adequate organ function, ECOG PS ≤1, life expectancy ≥3 months, and measurable disease based on RECIST 1.1. Patients in cohorts A-C must not have received prior systemic therapy, and patients in cohort D must have disease progression on previous anti-PD-(L)1 therapy. Patients with tumors with actionable mutations (for which targeted therapy is locally approved), mixed SCLC and NSCLC, active CNS metastases, active autoimmune disease, known severe hypersensitivity, or interstitial lung disease are not eligible. The primary endpoint of this study is to assess the safety of bintrafusp alfa in combination with CT. Planned enrollment is 64 patients (32 patients among the 4 cohorts during the safety phase, and an additional 32 patients in cohort A for expansion phase). Citation Format: Fabrice Barlesi, Sandrine Hiret, Christian Rolfo, Italia Grenga, Andre Koenig, Yulia Vugmeyster, Leora Horn. A phase 1b/2, open-label study of bintrafusp alfa with chemotherapy in patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr CT267.