Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SLID: Hybrid Learning Model and Acoustic Approach to Spoken Language Identification using Machine Learning

Spoken Language Identification (SLId) is the process of identifying the language of an utterance from an anonymous speaker, irrespective of gender, pronunciation and accent. In this paper we present acoustics based learning model for spoken language identification. An acoustic feature representing the short term power spectrum of sound called Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) is used as a part of the investigation in this paper. The proposed system uses a combination of Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and the Support Vector Machines (SVM) to handle the problem of multi class classification. The model aims at detecting English, Japanese, French, Hindi, and Telugu. A speech corpus was built using speech samples obtained from a plethora of online podcasts and audio books. This corpus comprised of utterances spanning over a uniform duration of 10 seconds. Preliminary results indicate an overall accuracy of 96%. A more comprehensive and rigorous test indicates an overall accuracy of 80%. The acoustic model combined with learning techniques hence proposed proves to be a viable approach for Language Identification.
Gradients on Fractals

In this paper we define and study a gradient on p.c. f. (post critically finite, or finitely ramified) fractals. We use Dirichlet (energy) form analysis developed for such fractals by Kigami. We consider both nondegenerate and degenerate harmonic structures (where a nonzero harmonic function can be identically zero on an open set). We show that the energy is equal to the integral of a certain seminorm of the gradient if the harmonic structure is weakly nondegenerate. This result was proved by Kusuoka in a different form. We show that for a C 1 -function on the Sierpin ski gasket the gradient considered here and Kusuoka’s gradient essentially coincide with a gradient considered by Kigami. The gradient at a junction point was studied by Strichartz in relation to the Taylor approximation on fractals. He also proved the existence of the gradient almost everywhere with respect to the Hausdorff (Bernoulli) measure for a function in the domain of the Laplacian. In this paper we obtain certain continuity properties of the gradient for a function in the domain of the Laplacian. As an appendix, we prove an estimate of the local energy of harmonic functions which was stated by Strichartz as a hypothesis. 2000 Academic Press
Direct Adaptive Compensation Control of Mechanical Systems With Unknown Actuator Failures and Dead-Zone Nonlinearities

In this paper, a new tuning function backstepping control scheme is proposed for a class of parametric strict feedback nonlinear systems to accommodate actuator failures/faults and dead-zone constraints, where the failures/faults are uncertain in time, pattern, and values, and the dead-zone parameters are not available. Roughly speaking, such a scheme is developed in two steps below. First, by using an adaptive smooth inverse function to compensate for the dead-zone nonlinearity, we separate the coupling actuator dynamics into two parts, i.e., the dead-zone compensation errors and the nominal failure dynamics. Afterward, we further handle these two parts based on the techniques of robust adaptive approach and parametrization method. With our scheme, the global boundedness of the signals in the closed-loop system are ensured, and the tracking error is steered to zero asymptotically. These results have also been verified through simulation studies.
Experimental study of the drying and modelling of the humidity migration in a clay matrix

Available almost everywhere, therefore economic and even so durable, clays have stimulated the creativity of men who have imagined since millennia and under all latitudes, multiple processes to develop pottery (fa¨ ience enameled, porcelain, ceramics) and construction materials. These materials com- pete with modern materials in civil engineering for important construction works such as bridges, roads, tunnels, monuments etc. In state-of-the-art technologies, clay ceramics are used as anti-thermal coatings: turbine vanes, etc. The weakness of our scientific knowledge limits applications of these natural materi- als. This study on tropical clays, has for objective on one hand to develop new processing of construction materials for lodging needs that are more and more increasing in the developing countries, and the other hand to develop new refractory materials, anti-thermal coatings or ceramic prostheses. This study is part of a research program and academic cooperation between the laboratories LMARC-Besancon/France, LERMPS-Belfort/France, Civil Eng. Dept./ERM-Bruxelles/Belgique, URMA-Lome/Togo (K.-E. Atcholi, Rapport d'activites de Recherches ,U niversited e LomFevrier 1997). In this paper, we present an experi- mental modelling of a clay matrix drying in order to better understand and resolve material deformations and cracking. The complex behaviour of the clay during drying, leads us to propose two complementary approaches: an experimental approach that allows to establish the drying kinetic and a modelling of mois- ture transfer in a clay matrix in order to optimise the drying. A diffusive model based on Fick's laws allowed to highlight the internal stresses causing matrixes damage.
PORTFOLIO SELECTION WITH HIGHER MOMENTS: A POLYNOMIAL GOAL PROGRAMMING APPROACH TO ISE–30 INDEX

The aim of this paper is to propose a portfolio selection model which takes into account the investors preferences for higher return moments such as skewness and kurtosis. In the presence of skewness and kurtosis, the portfolio selection problem can be characterized with multiple conflicting and competing objective functions such as maximizing expected return and skewness, and minimizing risk and kurtosis, simultaneously. By constructing polynomial goal programming, in which investor preferences for skewness and kurtosis incorporated, a Turkish Stock Market example will be presented for the period from January 2005 to December 2010.
Quantum stability of non-linear wave type solutions with intrinsic mass parameter in QCD

The problem of existence of a stable vacuum field in a pure quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is revised. Our approach is based on using classical stationary non-linear wave type solutions with intrinsic mass scale parameter. Such solutions can be treated as quantum mechanical wave functions describing massive spinless states in quantum theory. We verify whether non-linear wave type solutions can form a stable vacuum field background within the framework of effective action formalism. We demonstrate that there is a special class of stationary generalized Wu-Yang monopole solutions which are stable against quantum gluon fluctuations.
Defining patterns and possible groups of pollutants

Air pollution is one of the key problems in urban areas and its investigation is vital both for people's health but also for the environment as a whole. In particular, ozone is a secondary air pollutant with concentrations dependent mainly on changes in the levels of other pollutants and meteorological conditions within a given region. This paper presents a multivariate analysis of hourly data on 9 air pollutants and 6 meteorological variables in the town of Dimitrovgrad, Bulgaria over a period of 7 years and 3 months. Yeo-Johnson power transformation is applied to each air pollutant variable to improve normality and symmetry. The dominant patterns in the considered data are examined with the help of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and factor analysis. Furthermore, particular focus is given to determining the concentration levels of ozone in relation to the other air pollutants and 6 meteorological parameters using multiple linear regression. The fitting of the obtained models with coefficients of determination R2 over 78% are obtained. The results are interpreted.
Factors affecting milk yield and composition of Gir halfbreds

The present investigation was conducted on 1138 HF × Gir and 301 Jersey × Gir halfbreds to study the effect of genetic group and stage of lactation oh milk yield, fat, SNF and T.S. content in milk. The results obtained revealed that 90 days milk yield declined with the advancement of stage of lactation in both the groups. However, fat, SNF and T.S. content in milk increased linearly with increase in stage of lactation.
Experimental Investigation on Cavitating Flow Induced Vibration Characteristics of a Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump

Cavitating flow developing in the blade channels is detrimental to the stable operation of centrifugal pumps, so it is essential to detect cavitation and avoid the unexpected results. The present paper concentrates on cavitation induced vibration characteristics, and special attention is laid on vibration energy in low frequency band, 10–500 Hz. The correlation between cavitating evolution and the corresponding vibration energy in 10–500 Hz frequency band is discussed through visualization analysis. Results show that the varying trend of vibration energy in low frequency band is unique compared with the high frequency band. With cavitation number decreasing, vibration energy reaches a local maximum at a cavitation number much larger than the 3% head drop point; after that it decreases. The varying trend is closely associated with the corresponding cavitation status. With cavitation number decreasing, cavitation could be divided into four stages. The decreasing of vibration energy, in particular cavitation number range, is caused by the partial compressible cavitation structure. From cavitation induced vibration characteristics, vibration energy rises much earlier than the usual 3% head drop criterion, and it indicates that cavitation could be detected in advance and effectively by means of cavitation induced vibration characteristics.
Partial purification and characterization of a highly thermostable and pH stable endoglucanase from a newly isolated Bacillus strain M-9

Cellulases to be employed for lignocellulose bioconversion for biofuel (ethanol) industry or for production of other specialty chemicals must be extremely robust to withstand harsh industrial conditions like extremes of temperature, pH, presence of inhibitory agents etc. In the present study the Bacillus strain M-9 isolated from decomposing rice bran produced significant amount of endoglucanase after 72 h of fermentation. Endoglucanase was partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation (20-50% saturation) and characterized for few properties. The endoglucanase showed activity over broad range of temperatures (30-100 o C) with maximum activity at 60 o C. The enzyme retained 50 and 39% of the maximum activity at 90 and 100 o C, respectively. The enzyme was thoroughly stable at 50-70 o C for 30 min-1 h. The endoglucanase showed activity over a wide range of pH (3-10) with maximum activity at pH 5. Detergents (SDS, Tween 80), metal ions (Zn 2+ , Pb 2+ ) and EDTA caused little to moderate reduction in enzyme activity. The endoglucanase was purified to the extent of 9.06 folds by salt precipitation and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Endoglucanase showed molecular weight of approximately 54 kDa as examined by SDS-PAGE. High thermostability and acid/alkalistability of the endoglucanase reflect potential commercial significance of the enzyme.
Effect of diffuse and point source nutrient supply on the low diverse macrozoobenthic communities of the northern Baltic Sea

Soft bottom macrozoobenthic communities from the coastal sea area of Helsinki (south Finland) and Saaremaa Island (west Estonia) were compared in order to evaluate the effects of diffuse and point source nutrient supply. The coastal sea area of Helsinki receives a moderate load of municipal sewage water and the latter is ranked among the most undisturbed ecosystems in the northern Baltic Sea. The species composition and dominance structure were similar in both the studied areas indicating that different sources of eutrophication (i.e. local or basin wide) have similar consequences for the macrozoobenthic communities. However, functional diversity was higher in the Saaremaa area as the higher share of herbivores and suspension feeders were found in the area.
Auto-grasping algorithm of robot gripper based on pressure sensor measurement

This paper presents an auto grasping algorithm of a proposed robotic gripper. The purpose is to enhance the grasping mechanism of the gripper. Earlier studies have introduced various methods to enhance the grasping mechanism, but most of the works have not looked at the weight measurement method. Thus, with this algorithm, the weight of the object is calculated based on modified Wheatstone Bridge Circuit (WBC) which is controlled by programmable interface controller (PIC) method. Having this approach introduces and improves the grasping mechanism through an auto grasping algorithm. Experimental results show that an auto grasping algorithm based on pressure sensor measurements leads to a more precise grasping measurement and consequently enhance the sensitivity measurement as well as accurate movement calibration. Furthermore, several different grasping objects based on the proposed method are examined to demonstrate the performance and robustness of our approach.
Sub meso scale phytoplankton distribution in the North East Atlantic surface waters determined with an automated flow cytometer

Abstract. Phytoplankton cells in the size range ~1–50 μm were analysed in surface waters using an automated flow cytometer, the Cytosub ( http://www.cytobuoy.com ), from the Azores to the French Brittany during spring 2007. The Cytosub records the pulse shape of the optical signals generated by phytoplankton cells when intercepted by the laser beam. A total of 6 distinct optical groups were resolved during the whole transect, and the high frequency sampling (15 min) provided evidence for the cellular cycle (based on cyclic changes in cell size and fluorescence) and distribution changes linked to the different water characteristics crossed in the North East Atlantic provinces. Nutrient concentrations and mixed layer depth varied from west to east, with a decrease in the mixed layer depth and high nutrient concentrations in the middle of the transect as well as near the French coast. Data provided a link between the sub meso scale processes and phytoplankton patchiness, some abundance variations due to the cellular cycle can be pointed out. The high frequency spatial sampling encompasses temporal variations of the phytoplankton abundance, offering a better insight into phytoplankton distribution.
Mixed‐phase cloud physics and Southern Ocean cloud feedback in climate models

Increasing optical depth poleward of 45° is a robust response to warming in global climate models. Much of this cloud optical depth increase has been hypothesized to be due to transitions from ice‐dominated to liquid‐dominated mixed‐phase cloud. In this study, the importance of liquid‐ice partitioning for the optical depth feedback is quantified for 19 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 models. All models show a monotonic partitioning of ice and liquid as a function of temperature, but the temperature at which ice and liquid are equally mixed (the glaciation temperature) varies by as much as 40 K across models. Models that have a higher glaciation temperature are found to have a smaller climatological liquid water path (LWP) and condensed water path and experience a larger increase in LWP as the climate warms. The ice‐liquid partitioning curve of each model may be used to calculate the response of LWP to warming. It is found that the repartitioning between ice and liquid in a warming climate contributes at least 20% to 80% of the increase in LWP as the climate warms, depending on model. Intermodel differences in the climatological partitioning between ice and liquid are estimated to contribute at least 20% to the intermodel spread in the high‐latitude LWP response in the mixed‐phase region poleward of 45°S. It is hypothesized that a more thorough evaluation and constraint of global climate model mixed‐phase cloud parameterizations and validation of the total condensate and ice‐liquid apportionment against observations will yield a substantial reduction in model uncertainty in the high‐latitude cloud response to warming.
Experimental investigation of heat transfer rate in micro-channels

xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Microchannel Heat Exchangers . 1 1.2 Literature Review . 3 1.2.1 Fabrication, Flow Visualization and Heat Transfer . 3 1.2.2 Lattice Boltzmann Method . 6 1.2.3 Numerical Simulation . 9 1.3 Experimental Objectives . 12 CHAPTER 2: LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD . 13 2.1 Basic Idea . 13 2.2 Top-down and Bottom-up Tuning Strategy . 15 2.3 Existing LB Models . 16 2.4 LBM Formulation . 17 2.5 Boundary Conditions . 21 CHAPTER 3: EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP . 27 3.1 Experimental Apparatus . 27 3.1.1 Pressuring Section . 27 3.1.2 Test Section . 30 3.1.3 Data Acquisition Section . 34 3.2 Flow Visualization . 41 CHAPTER 4: EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY . 44 4.1 Heat Transfer Measurements . 44 4.2 Data Reduction . 45 4.3 Flow Visualization . 46 4.4 Numerical Simulation . 47 CHAPTER 5: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS . 50 5.1 Heat Transfer Measurements . 50 5.2 Flow Visualization . 58 5.3 Numerical Simulation . 60
Estimation de la FI d'un signal multi-composante par Decomposition Modale Empirique et une Version B-splines de l'Operateur d'Energie de Teager-Kaiser

Abstract – Instantaneous Frequency (IF) and Instantaneous Amplitude (IA) estimation of an AM-FM signal is well knownproblem in signal processing. Generally, for monocomponent signal, Hilbert transform or Energy Separation Algorithm (ESA),which is based on Teager-Kaiser Energy Operator (TKEO), allow a good estimation of the IF of a nonstationary signal. Otherwisea pass-band ﬁlter is required before estimation. In previous works [1-2], we have shown how to estimate the IF of a multicomponentsignal by Combining Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and the TKEO. In [1-2] the ﬁrst,the second and the third derivativeswere numerically evaluated. However, this operation is just an approximation of derivatives and is highly sensitive to noise. Inthis work we propose to use the B-spline forms of the Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) extracted by the EMD, to calculate theanalytic derivatives. Then, these ones are incorporating into the ESA to estimate the IF and the IA. The present approach iscalled EMD-ESA-BS. Preliminary results show that this new approach performs better than the EMD-ESA one.
Characterization of Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii causing Ventilator associated Pneumonia in ICUs of Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common serious healthcare-associated infection among patients in intensive care units (ICUs) who have endotracheal intubation or a tracheostomy for mechanical ventilation, affecting an estimated 10–30 % of ventilated patients worldwide (Bantar et al., 2008). Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii)is an important opportunistic pathogen associated with ventilatorassociated pneumonia and other variety of nosocomial infections in ICUs as central International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 12 (2016) pp. 660-671 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Preliminary Metabolomic Study of Urine Samples in Patients Affected by Renal Clear Cell Cancer by GC-MS

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represent 2-3% of all cancers. Currently, there are no invasive screening tests that could help to find diagnosis and possible follow up in clinical practice. Most renal tumors are diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound (US) or contrast-enhanced (CT) performed for other medical reasons. In this work, the metabolite profile of urine of RCC samples, has been studied by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and multivariate statistical data analysis. By the same means, differences between pathological and control samples were investigated. Results of discriminant analysis were studied with the aim to find possible relevant metabolites for each class. Palmitic acid, malic acid, allo-inositol, oleic acid and aspartic acid were up-regulated in pathological samples while psicose was down-regulated.
Vaginal Carriage of Antibiotic Resistant Escherichia coli by Pregnant Women: A Concern for the Neonate

Background: We report the resistance pattern and plasmid profile of vaginal isolates of Escherichia coli isolated from asymptomatic pregnant women attending the outpatient department of a primary health care centre in a district of North east India. Methodology: Antibiotic susceptibility was done by disc diffusion method and interpretation as sensitive, intermediate or resistant was done as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute’s interpretive standards for Enterobactereriaceae. E. coli ATCC 25922 was used as the control strain. Phenotypic screening for extendedspectrum beta-lactamase was done using the phenotypic disc confirmatory test. Plasmid DNA was extracted as per manufacturer’s instructions using commercially available kit. The plasmid band and size was estimated by comparison with a 1kb DNA marker. Results: A total number of 40 E. coli isolates were obtained after screening 246 pregnant women. Reduced susceptibility to at least one antimicrobial was seen in 34 isolates (85%) of E. coli. Highest resistance was to cefotaxime (60%). Twelve isolates (30%) were found to be multidrug resistant (reduced susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs belonging to ≥3 classes). Seventeen (42.5%) isolates were ESBL producers of whom 9 were multidrug resistant (MDR). Plasmid DNA isolation was done for thirty seven of the isolates of whom 4 did not show any band. The number of plasmids varied from 1 to 5 per isolate. Plasmid size ranged from 1 kb to above 10 kb when compared to a 1 kb ladder. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that drug resistant E. coli exists as colonizers in the genital tract of pregnant women.
Spatial distribution of forest landscape change in western New York from presettlement to the present

Changes in tree taxon composition and distribution in western New York over a 200 year time period ca. 1797- 1993 were examined by comparing the presettlement land survey with the US Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) survey. To ensure data quality, biases in presettlement bearing tree selection and FIA plot location were assessed. A 6 mile 6 mile grid of taxa abundance was then estimated using geostatistics. Overall, significant changes in taxon composition oc- curred, with the taxa most abundant in the presettlement land survey — beech (37.0%), sugar maple (21.0%), and eastern hemlock (8.3%) — being replaced by sugar maple (19.2%), ash (11.7%), and red maple (11.4%) in the FIA survey. Spa- tially resolved comparisons showed that the landscape changed from fairly spatially homogeneous to more heterogeneous; in the presettlement survey, the most abundant taxon in most of the 6 mile 6 mile grid cells was beech, while in the present survey, the most abundant taxon in most of the cells was one of several early successional taxa that each displayed a distinctly clustered geographic pattern of dominance. The clusters of dominance of the different early successional taxa may correspond to environmental factors. This study demonstrates the insights available through spatially resolved analy- ses of changes in the forest landscape between presettlement and present.