Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beyond Forks: Finding and Ranking Star Factorings for Decoupled Search

Star-topology decoupling is a recent search reduction method for forward state space search. The idea basically is to automatically identify a star factoring, then search only over the center component in the star, avoiding interleavings across leaf components. The framework can handle complex star topologies, yet prior work on decoupled search considered only factoring strategies identifying fork and inverted-fork topologies. Here, we introduce factoring strategies able to detect general star topologies, thereby extending the reach of decoupled search to new factorings and to new domains, sometimes resulting in significant performance improvements. Furthermore, we introduce a predictive portfolio method that reliably selects the most suitable factoring for a given planning task, leading to superior overall performance.
PYRAPERM KILLS FLEAS AND HALTS PLAGUE AMONG UTAH PRAIRIE DOGS

Abstract Plague is an introduced bacterial disease whose primary vectors are fleas (Siphonaptera). Utah prairie dogs (Cynomys parvidens) are highly susceptible to plague, and entire colonies usually disappear shortly after plague arrives. Infusion of burrows with Pyraperm (an insecticide-dust) kills fleas and immediately halts the spread of plague within colonies. Thus, insecticide-dusts might play an important role in the conservation of prairie dogs.
Review of Behavioral Operations Experimental Studies of Newsvendor Problems for Operating Room Management

Operating room (OR) managers must plan staffing in the face of uncertain demand for OR time. Planning too much staffing results in underutilized OR time. Planning too little staffing causes overutilized time, which is approximately twice as expensive as underutilized time. Deciding how much staffing to plan for an OR is analogous to the classic newsvendor problem in operations research. A newsvendor must decide how much product to order based on its cost c and sales price p, plus estimates of the uncertain future demand for the product. The newsvendor problem has a simple mathematical solution. The correct amount of product to order is the (p − c)/p quantile of the demand for the product. This optimal order quantity is analogous mathematically to the number of hours of OR time for which staffing should be planned. We performed a systematic review of the behavioral operations experimental literature on newsvendor problems relevant to OR management. Student volunteers participating in experimental studies have great difficulty knowing how much product to order, given c, p, and the demand distribution. Decision making is only modestly improved by more frequent feedback. Even scores of rounds of ordering are insufficient for much learning to occur. Suboptimal decisions result from innate psychological biases. Students anchor on mean demand, make insufficient adjustments, and rely disproportionately on the most recent demand values. The behavior of OR managers who plan staffing for the OR is analogous to that of students participating in a newsvendor experiment. Month after month, an OR manager will plan too little staffing for the surgeon who consistently ends the day late and too much staffing for the surgeon who consistently does not fill an OR. Experimental studies of the newsvendor problem provide mechanistic insights into the reasons that OR managers make poor decisions when planning OR staffing. The students face no organizational factors or personality issues that potentially influence OR managers, strongly suggesting that observed psychological biases are innate and play an important role in influencing the decisions of OR managers. Results suggest that only the use of computerized decision-support systems can effectively circumvent these biases.
Hierarchical fragmentation and collapse signatures in a high-mass starless region

Aims: Understanding the fragmentation and collapse properties of the dense gas during the onset of high-mass star formation. Methods: We observed the massive (~800M_sun) starless gas clump IRDC18310-4 with the Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) at sub-arcsecond resolution in the 1.07mm continuum andN2H+(3-2) line emission. Results: Zooming from a single-dish low-resolution map to previous 3mm PdBI data, and now the new 1.07mm continuum observations, the sub-structures hierarchically fragment on the increasingly smaller spatial scales. While the fragment separations may still be roughly consistent with pure thermal Jeans fragmentation, the derived core masses are almost two orders of magnitude larger than the typical Jeans mass at the given densities and temperatures. However, the data can be reconciled with models using non-homogeneous initial density structures, turbulence and/or magnetic fields. While most sub-cores remain (far-)infrared dark even at 70mum, we identify weak 70mum emission toward one core with a comparably low luminosity of ~16L_sun, re-enforcing the general youth of the region. The spectral line data always exhibit multiple spectral components toward each core with comparably small line widths for the individual components (in the 0.3 to 1.0km/s regime). Based on single-dish C18O(2-1) data we estimate a low virial-to-gas-mass ratio <=0.25. We discuss that the likely origin of these spectral properties may be the global collapse of the original gas clump that results in multiple spectral components along each line of sight. Even within this dynamic picture the individual collapsing gas cores appear to have very low levels of internal turbulence.
Outcomes in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: nature, nurture, culture–or all three?

milestones but at a slower rate. Additionally, it is important to explore younger age at diagnosis as a risk factor for poorer physical and psychosocial outcomes and time since diagnosis as a risk factor for declines in neurocognitive functioning over time. Future research can address the impact of cognitive functioning by comparing survivors of childhood brain tumors with other chronic conditions that affect neurocognitive development. A follow-up qualitative study would allow for further delineation of the day-to-day struggles faced by these survivors in their own voice. The authors reference the lack of programming to teach self-management for these survivors of childhood brain tumors in comparison to a group with diabetes. Education on self-management for patients with diabetes is initiated from the time of diagnosis; whereas education for children with brain tumors shifts from information needed at diagnosis and during active treatment, to self-management of emerging chronic health conditions in the survivorship period. A multidisciplinary approach to survivorship care is integral to providing psychoeducation and anticipatory guidance for survivors and their caregivers. Cognitive, developmental, and emotional factors that influence selfmanagement and how families function around their survivors’ ongoing needs must be addressed. In conclusion, despite these limitations, this study raises important issues facing survivors of childhood brain tumors and their families as treatments advance and survival rates increase. With a common understanding of individual, family, and community contributions to outcomes, and accounting for the unique aspects of health care contexts, we can develop effective psychoeducation programs, interventions to address late effects, and transition to adult care programs tailored to survivors across brain tumor types and their families.
High incidence of thyroid cancer among patients with acromegaly.

PURPOSE Several studies have suggested that patients with acromegaly have an increased risk of thyroid, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers. In this study we determined the prevalence of malignant neoplasms in patients with acromegaly. METHODS Cancer risk was evaluated in a cohort of 110 patients (M/F 48/62, age 58.63±13.8 years, range 30-86) with acromegaly. Mean age at diagnosis of acromegaly was 46.37±13.11 years. Mean period of time since diagnosis of acromegaly was 12.26+9.6 years. RESULTS From 110 patients, cancer was diagnosed in 26 (23.6%) patients. Thyroid cancer was the most common cancer and was diagnosed in 13 patients (11.8%); other cancers encountered were gastric cancer (N=2), endometrial cancer (N-2), and breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer (N-2), myelodysplastic syndrome, renal cell carcinoma, lung cancer and pancreatic carcinoma, one case each. Age, gender, age at the time of diagnosis of acromegaly, tumor size of pituitary adenoma and duration of disease were not associated with cancer development. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that patients with acromegaly have an increased risk of thyroid cancer and therefore they should undergo regular screening with hormonal and ultrasound evaluation of the thyroid and FNAB when required.
Balanced full-wave rectenna for electromagnetic energy harvesting

In this paper, we present a new approach to realizing full-wave rectification for Electromagnetic energy harvesting. The proposed rectenna structure consists of a full-wave rectifier that is differentially fed by two separate antennas. The resulting configuration allows the received power to be rectified and transferred into a DC load between two antennas, making it very easy to channel the harvested power in rectenna arrays. This concept is demonstrated by using an array of T-match dipole antennas optimized for 2.45 GHz. Experimental results showed that the proposed full-wave rectifier achieved 74% Radiation-to-DC conversion efficiency.
Diabetes Insipidus in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

BACKGROUND: Transient diabetes insipidus may rarely present during late pregnancy and/or the immediate puerperium, and if unrecognized, may cause neurologic injury and threaten the lives of mother and fetus. However, when recognized early and treatment is initiated with desmopressin acetate, an analog of vasopressin that is resistant to vasopressinase, water loss in the urine is eliminated and complications may be abrogated. This report aims to increase the awareness of this disorder and describes appropriate treatment. CASES: Two cases of diabetes insipidus, believed to be due to excess vasopressinase, are presented to demonstrate the clinical features, pathogenesis, and treatment of this syndrome. CONCLUSION: Awareness of the syndrome of transient diabetes insipidus may lead to early diagnosis and appropriate treatment that will reduce the risks of maternal and fetal morbidity.
Influence of sample preparation technique on two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins from Porphyromonas gingivalis

Sample preparation methods were compared for two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D‐PAGE) of cellular proteins from the proteolytic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis. Standard solubilization buffer yielded poorly resolved protein spots, but pre‐treatment of cells with trichloroacetic acid or inclusion of the protease inhibitor TLCK during solubilization improved definition and separation. The latter approach allowed reliable detection of a 55 kDa immunodominant surface antigen by Western immunoblotting. Further improvements in resolution occurred when SDS was included in the sample preparation. Thus, controlling proteolysis and optimizing protein solubilization were essential for reproducible separations and maximal protein recovery during 2D‐PAGE of P. gingivalis.
Computing the Modified Hopfield Network Parameters by STFT

Hopfield has shown that models of physical systems could be used to solve some difficult computational problems. Such systems could be implemented in hardware by combining standard components such as capacitors and resistors. Our idea is to replace capacitor with an inverse polarized diode with large capacity in aim to shift, in a way, Hopfield network parameters analysis from the field of the linear differential equations to the field of the exponential transcendental equations, solvable analytically by the linear approximation method based upon STFT (special trans function theory)
Clinical observations on the response of equine hoof defects to dietary supplementation with biotin

Horses with weak hoof horn, which becomes misshapen and crumbles around the lower parts of the hoof walls, pose problems for treatment in practice. The effects of dietary supplementation with a high level of the B-group vitamin biotin (which has proved successful in the treatment of the similar condition in pigs) were investigated in more than 40 cases. Varying degrees of improvement in the hardness, integrity and conformation of the hoof horn were observed in all cases. The signs and progress seen in three typical cases are described. It is concluded that dietary supplementation with 10 to 30 mg biotin/day (depending on bodyweight) for not less than six to nine months is a useful treatment to support other remedial measures in such cases.
Subjective memory complaints in the elderly: Prevalence and influence of temporal orientation, depression and quality of life in a population-based study in the city of Madrid

Objectives: It is still a matter of debate whether variables such as education, sex, age, personality and others underlie subjective memory complaints (SMC). Our objectives are to study: the prevalence of memory complaints in the city of Madrid, the distribution of complaints in the population according to socio-demographic variables and the related variables like cognitive performance, quality of life, perceived health status and functional ability. To our knowledge, this is the first study about the prevalence of SMC in Spain. Methods: We adopted a transversal descriptive epidemiological study. The survey sample size is 1637 persons above 64 years. SMC were obtained through questions regarding memory complaints. Results: 524 (32.4%) subjects reported SMC. The prevalence of SMC depends on age, education, sex, mood and cognitive performance. SMC rises from 24% in the 65–69 age groups to 57% in the 90 and above group. The percentage of subjects with SMC was 52.8% among persons diagnosed with depression or anxiety, and 28.7% among subjects without. Performance on cognitive tests such as orientation showed that subjects without orientation failures (81%) have a 22.2% SMC frequency and subjects who fail all the orientation items (4%) have a 93% frequency. A logistic regression analysis showed that those variables indicating a better prediction of group membership (SMC vs. controls) were orientation in time, quality of life and depression–anxiety. Conclusion: Complaints reflect various processes and are the result of various elements; however, our study highlights the importance of factors such as cognitive performance, depression–anxiety and quality of life.
Pre‐drug cues modulate morphine tolerance, striatal c‐Fos, and AP‐1 DNA binding

TO evaluate the molecular mechanisms that mediate the effect of learning on morphine tolerance in rats, we examined striatal c-Fos, and c-Jun protein expression, and AP-1 DNA binding. Morphine paired with a conditioned stimulus (CS) led to analgesic tolerance in the presence of the CS. Rats receiving morphine unpaired with the CS displayed significantly less tolerance than paired morphine animals. Striatal c-Fos protein levels and AP-1 DNA binding activity were increased in rats receiving paired morphine compared with rats that did not receive morphine but not in rats receiving morphine without the CS. No differences were found in c-Jun levels. These results suggest that Pavlovian conditioning may account, in part, for the molecular mechanisms associated with morphine tolerance.
The Asparagine Synthetase of Escherichia coli ON MECHANISM*

SUMMARY Asparagine synthetase, purified 370-fold from extracts of Escherichia coli K-12, catalyzed the transfer of oxygen from l*O-labeled aspartate to AMP. No la0 was found in the pyrophosphate produced in the reaction. Initial velocities of asparagine synthesis were obtained when the concentrations of two of the three substrates, aspartate, ATP, and ammonia, were varied; the third substrate was kept constant. A parallel initial velocity pattern was seen when the concentration of either aspartate and ammonia, or ATP and ammonia, was varied. On the other hand, an intersecting initial velocity pattern was seen when aspartate and ATP were the variable substrates. These results supported a two-step reaction mechanism involving an aspartyl enzyme intermediate. The kinetics of product inhibition ruled out any obligatory order of addition of aspartate and ATP. Kinetic studies of the pyrophosphate-ATP exchange catalyzed by the synthetase confirmed the random order of substrate addition. A gen-eral rate equation for this exchange reaction is presented. We could not show directly that substrates bind to the enzyme. Nevertheless an indication of binding was obtained since a combination of either aspartate and ATP-Mg2+ or asparagine and AMP-Mg2+
A genomic analysis of two‐component signal transduction in Streptococcus pneumoniae

A genomics‐based approach was used to identify the entire gene complement of putative two‐component signal transduction systems (TCSTSs) in Streptococcus pneumoniae. A total of 14 open reading frames (ORFs) were identified as putative response regulators, 13 of which were adjacent to genes encoding probable histidine kinases. Both the histidine kinase and response regulator proteins were categorized into subfamilies on the basis of phylogeny. Through a systematic programme of mutagenesis, the importance of each novel TCSTS was determined with respect to viability and pathogenicity. One TCSTS was identified that was essential for the growth of S. pneumoniaeThis locus was highly homologous to the yycFG gene pair encoding the essential response regulator/histidine kinase proteins identified in Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Separate deletions of eight other loci led in each case to a dramatic attenuation of growth in a mouse respiratory tract infection model, suggesting that these signal transduction systems are important for the in vivo adaptation and pathogenesis of S. pneumoniae. The identification of conserved TCSTSs important for both pathogenicity and viability in a Gram‐positive pathogen highlights the potential of two‐component signal transduction as a multicomponent target for antibacterial drug discovery.
A Case of Adrenal Mass Causing Adrenal Insufficiency: Tuberculosis

Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is an endocrine disease caused by bilateral adrenocortical destruction. It manifests as fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, hypotension and hyperpigmentation. Clinical symptoms are observed when more than 80% of both adrenal glands are damaged. In the previous reports in the literature, tuberculosis was the main cause of adrenal insufficiency in 70-90% of cases, but, today, the leading cause of PAI is autoimmunity. However, in developing countries, tuberculosis still continues to be a common cause of PAI. Case Report
β Subunit Phosphorylation Selectively Increases Fast Desensitization and Prolongs Deactivation of α1β1γ2L and α1β3γ2L GABAA Receptor Currents

We studied the effects of phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA) on GABAA receptors (α1β1γ2L andα1β3γ2L) transiently expressed in HEK 293T cells. Under conditions favorable for PKA activation, currents obtained using whole-cell patch clamp of lifted cells displayed increased rate and extent of the fast phases of desensitization, decreased rate of current deactivation after GABA removal, and prolongation of brief IPSC-like currents. Mutation of serine residues (β1 S409, β3 S407, β3 S408) revealed that only β1 S409 and β3 S408 were critical for the modulatory effect of PKA on GABAA receptor currents. Additionally, repeated pulse inhibition was increased in receptors after mutation of the critical serine to glutamate and decreased when the serine was mutated to alanine. These data demonstrate that PKA phosphorylation modulated GABAA receptor currents by increasing fast phases of macroscopic desensitization and suggest a role for PKA in regulating GABAergic IPSC duration.
From conventional fluid cytology to unusual histological diagnosis: Report of four cases

Malignant small round cell tumors represent a diagnostic challenge for cytologists and pathologists. This case series describes four cases of unusual metastasis of small round cell tumors subtypes into body cavities generating effusions in which fluid cytological examination suggested the neuroendocrine origin of the tumors. Tumor diagnosis (Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor and desmoplastic small round cell tumors) were unknown at the cytological evaluation. We can highlight the importance of the accurate analyses of body fluids, both for early diagnosis of metastatic disease, and for the diagnosis of primary tumor when serous effusion is the first manifestation of the neoplasia. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013;41:348–353. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Creating lexical resources for polysynthetic languages—the case of Arapaho

This paper discusses the challenges in creating pedagogical and research resources for the Arapaho language. Because of the complex morphology of this language, printed resources cannot provide the typical useful functions that they can for many other languages. We discuss the challenges faced by most learners and researchers working with polysynthetic languages, of which Arapaho is an excellent example, as well as some currently implemented solutions in creating computer resources for this language, including a lexical database, a morphological parser, and a concordancer. The construction of the ﬁnite-state morphological parser which many downstream tasks rely on will be discussed in some detail.
Collaborative Strategies to Enhance Research and Evidence-based Practice

Whether the goal is to generate new knowledge through basic research or to effectively use existing knowledge in evidence-based clinical practice, collaborative exchange between service and academia is essential. The authors describe 2 successful strategies that have been mutually beneficial to a clinical agency and a school of nursing in fostering research and evidence-based practice. These strategies can be used by other institutions as they strive to meet standards for excellence in academia and service.
Magnetic resonance imaging of blood vessels at high fields: In vivo and in vitro measurements and image simulation

Unusually high image contrast in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of the brain becomes observable at high magnetic fields when the blood oxygenation level is lowered. The cause of the contrast has been attributed to a magnetic susceptibility effect induced by paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin in red cells. When the cylinder axis of a blood vessel is not parallel to the main magnetic field, the susceptibility difference produces varying local fields around the blood vessel. In gradient‐echo images, not in spin‐echo images, these local fields cause intravoxel dephasing of the water signal of the surrounding tissue. This description of the contrast enhancement has been confirmed by a series of in vitro blood sample experiments and image simulations. A predicted contrast change has been demonstrated in brain images of a mouse placed at two different orientations in the magnet. From the simulated images, the dependence of the contrast on the field strength has been estimated. © 1990 Academic Press, Inc.