Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Revascularización carotídea con angioplastia y stent: resultados globales y comparación entre dispositivos de protección proximal y distal

1. Introduccion Los dispositivos de proteccion embolica parecen reducir la incidencia de ictus perioperatorio durante la angioplastia carotidea con colocacion de stent (ACS). Existen disponibles dispositivos de proteccion proximal (DPP), que permiten completar el procedimiento sin necesidad de sobrepasar la placa, y filtros de proteccion distal (FD), que necesitan atravesar la estenosis antes de la dilatacion. 2. Objetivo El objetivo principal de nuestro estudio es recoger la morbimortalidad de nuestra serie y comparar la incidencia de complicaciones mayores perioperatorias entre los pacientes tratados con FD y con DPP. 3. Metodo Analisis retrospectivo de una muestra de 287 pacientes que recibieron tratamiento revascularizador con ACS en la seccion de Neurorradiologia Intervencionista de nuestro centro entre 2006 y 2012. Se trato con FD a 208 pacientes, y con DPP a 79. Se registro la incidencia de complicaciones mayores perioperatorias (infarto de miocardio, ictus, muerte) de forma global e individual de nuestra serie, y se analizo de forma separada segun el sistema de proteccion empleado (FPD vs DP). 4. Resultados No se registraron diferencias en la distribucion de factores de riesgo o comorbilidad entre las dos poblaciones. Las carotidas tratadas con DPP tuvieron significativamente mayor grado de estenosis (74,5% vs 82,5%, p<0,001). La morbimortalidad total de nuestra serie fue del 5,9%. Analizando la incidencia de complicaciones mayores en ambos grupos (FPD vs DP), a pesar de las diferencias senaladas en el grado de estenosis, no se demostraron diferencias estadisticamente significativas en los endpoint primarios. (6,2% vs 5%, p=0,6) 5. Discusion El numero de complicaciones mayores perioperatorias en nuestro Centro se mantiene por debajo del minimo exigido en las guias de tratamiento de estenosis carotidea. No se detectaron diferencias en la incidencia de estas complicaciones entre los pacientes tratados con DPP y DPD, a pesar del mayor grado de estenosis de los primeros. En la terapia endovascular, la utilizacion de los DPP puede ser una opcion adecuada para tratar de forma segura a los pacientes de alto riesgo.
Structural Characterization of Neutral and Acidic Glycolipids from Thermus thermophilus HB8

The structural characterization of glycolipids from Thermus thermophilus HB8 was performed in this study. Two neutral and one acidic glycolipids were extracted and purified by the modified TLC-blotting method, after which their chemical structures were determined by chemical composition analysis, mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The structure of one of the neutral glycolipids, NGL-A, was Galp(α1-6)GlcpNacyl(β1-2)Glcp(α1-)acyl2Gro, and the other, NGL-C, was Galf(β1-2)Galp(α1-6)GlcpNacyl(β1-2)Glcp(α1-)acyl2Gro. The structure of NGL-C was identical to that reported previously [Oshima, M. and Ariga, T. (1976) FEBS Lett. 64, 440]. Both neutral glycolipids shared a common structural unit found in the Thermus species. The acyl groups found in NGL-A and NGL-C, iso-type pentadecanoxy and heptadecanoxy fatty acid, were also the same as those found in this species. In contrast, the acidic glycolipid, AGL-B, possessed the structure of N-(((GlcpNAc(α1-)acyl2Gro)P-2)GroA)alkylamine. The alkyl group in AGL-B was an iso-type heptadecanyl, suggesting that the iso-type structure of the long alkyl chain is responsible for the thermal stability of the bacteria.
Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Virtual Reality Training on Balance in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind, Clinical Trial

ABSTRACT The authors' aim was to investigate the effects of continuous transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with virtual reality training on static and functional balance in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Twenty children with CP (6 girls and 14 boys; M age = 7 years 6 months ± 2 years) were randomly allocated to two groups. The experimental group received active tDCS and the control group received sham stimulation during the 10 sessions of virtual reality mobility training protocols. The children were evaluated on 3 occasions (preintervention, postintervention, and 1-month follow-up). Static balance was evaluated using a force plate under 4 conditions: feet on force plate with (a) eyes open and (b) with eyes closed, and feet on foam mat with (c) eyes open and (d) with eyes closed. Functional balance was evaluated using the Pediatric Balance Scale and the Timed Up and Go Test. The analyses demonstrated statistically significant postintervention and follow-up effects favoring the experimental group over the control group with regard to the Pediatric Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go Test, and area of oscillation of the center of pressure when standing on the force plate with eyes open. The present findings suggest that tDCS can potentiate the effects of virtual reality training on static and functional balance among children with CP.
Evaluation of a noninvasive cardiac output monitor in mechanically ventilated children*

Objective: To compare measurements of cardiac output (CO) and cardiac index (CI) obtained by a recently developed noninvasive continuous cardiac output system, NICO (CONICO), and transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (COTTE) in mechanically ventilated children. Design and Setting: Prospective study in a university-affiliated tertiary pediatric intensive care unit. Patients: A total of 21 mechanically ventilated children, weighing >15 kg, in stable respiratory and hemodynamic condition. Measurements: Sets of three successive measurements of CO with the NICO system and transthoracic Doppler echocardiography were obtained. Bland–Altman analysis was used to compare the agreement between the two methods. Results: The mean ± sd CO values were 4.06 ± 1.43 L/min for CONICO and 4.67 ± 1.78 L/min for COTTE. Bias ± sd between the two methods was −0.61 ± 0.94 L/min. The variability of the difference between the two methods increased as the magnitude of the CO measurement increased. Similar results were obtained for cardiac index: 4.01 ± 1.40 L·min−1·m−2 for CINICO and 4.59 ± 1.48 L·min−1·m−2 for CITTE. Bland–Altman analysis revealed a nonuniform relationship between CI difference and the magnitude (y = −0.299 − 0.0655 × mean). The variability of the differences did not increase as the magnitude of the CO measurement increased (sd of estimate was 0.827 L·min−1·m−2). With both CONICO and CINICO, each measurement was highly repeatable, with coefficient of variation of only 2.88% ± 2.31%. Repeatability with Doppler echocardiography was 7.02% ± 4.33%. Conclusions: The NICO system is a new device that measures CO easily and automatically in mechanically ventilated children weighing >15 kg. CO values obtained with this technique were in agreement with those obtained with Doppler echocardiography in children in respiratory and hemodynamic stable condition. The NICO system needs further investigation in children in unstable respiratory and hemodynamic condition.
Atomic structure and specificity of bacterial periplasmic receptors for active transport and chemotaxis: variation of common themes

Crystallographic structure refinement at very high resolutions of a dozen periplasmic receptors has revealed that, though they have different sizes (26 to 60kDa) and little sequence homology, they have high tertiary structure similarity. They consist of two distinct globular domains bisected by a cleft or groove wherein the ligand binds and is buried by a hinge‐bending motion between the two domains. Structural analysis also reveals how hydrogen‐bonding interactions can be tailored to a wide spectrum of specificity, ranging from the stringent specificity for phosphate and sulphate to the more loose specificity for peptides.
Tooth Pre-pain Sensation Elicited by Electrical Stimulation

Characteristics of sensation in human teeth elicited by electrical stimulation have been widely investigated by Vargas,' by Vargas and Vivaldi,2 by Burrill,3 and by Sakamoto,4 but each investigation has dealt with only one or two characteristics of tooth sensation. This report presents a different approach to obtain knowledge concerning the weakest sensation elicited by electrical stimulation, which the author calls a "pre-pain sensation. " The purpose of the study was to learn, by means of electrical stimulation, strengthduration relation, latent addition, accommodation, alternating current threshold, reaction time, and fusion time of the pre-pain sensation of human teeth.
Epstein‐barr virus antibody patterns preceding the diagnosis of non‐hodgkin's lymphoma

Immunosuppressed patients who develop non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) have abnormal antibody responses against the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) prior to the diagnosis of malignancy. To see if this is also true of „spontaneous”︁ cases in the general population, we undertook a collaborative serologic case‐control study. From 4 serum banks containing specimens from over 240,000 persons, 104 subjects were identified for whom a blood specimen had been stored an average of 63 months before diagnosis of NHL, and 259 controls matched for age, sex, ethnic group and date of serum collection. The relative risks (RR) for subsequent development of NHL associated with elevated levels of IgG and IgM antibodies against viral capsid antigen were 2.5 (95% confidence interval = 1.1‐5.7) and 3.2 (1.3‐7.5), respectively; these associations increased with age at diagnosis. For the nuclear antigen, the distribution of titers for cases was more restricted than that of controls, with fewer cases having either elevated or low titers, RR = 0.5 (0.2‐1.4) and 0.5 (0.2‐1.2), respectively. Cases had significantly lower antibody titers against the cytomegalovirus, RR = 0.4 (0.2‐0.9). These findings suggest that, at least for some patients, NHL is preceded by an enhanced level of endogenous immunosuppression with resultant EBV activation. This observation supports the role of EBV either directly in the development of NHL or as a primary marker of immune dysfunction.
Vers une amélioration de la prise en charge de l’asthme de l’enfant en Aquitaine

L’asthme chez l’enfant est un enjeu majeur de sante publique, il doit etre apprehende dans sa globalite. Il existe une forte prevalence de cette pathologie (9%) et une stabilisation des taux d’hospitalisation pour les enfants de moins de 10 ans sur le plan national. Sur le plan local, nous retrouvons une augmentation du nombre de patients a l’hopital des enfants du CHU de Bordeaux de 2008 a 2013, avec des pics retrouves a la rentree scolaire. Les enfants de moins de 5 ans sont en majorite les plus touches. Devant ces elements, nous avons souhaite evaluer la prise en charge therapeutique des patients asthmatiques et notamment des enfants presentant un asthme leger a modere a la rentree de septembre. Cette periode, meconnue en France, merite une attention particuliere. Nous avons realise une etude de faisabilite et de preuve de concept. Nous avons retrouve alors une tendance similaire non significative a une etude canadienne de Johnston et al. avec un benefice de l’association montelukast et corticoides inhales. Dans l’etude canadienne, il existe un reel interet chez les garcons de 2 a 5 ans et chez les filles plus âgees. Pour finir, devant les nombreux cas d’enfants sous-traites et sous-diagnostiques, nous nous sommes interessee a l’amelioration de la prise en charge des enfants apres une crise d’asthme. L’optimisation d’un reseau deja existant pour les pathologies respiratoires en Aquitaine parait alors importante pour la filiere asthme. Un questionnaire a donc ete elabore et les praticiens interroges ont exprime leurs attentes. Nous avons propose des objectifs pour ameliorer le fonctionnement du reseau et le suivi post-hospitalier des episodes d’exacerbation.
The Donaldson strain of malaria. 4. An evaluation and status.

Summary and Conclusions The Donaldson strain of malaria, which was recovered from a veteran returning from the Pacific area, has been intensively studied. All available evidence indicates that it belongs to the species, Plasmodium ovale. This parasite is immunologically distinct from the native vivax malarias, it can be spread by native anophelines, and both Negro and white races are susceptible to infection. This indicates that this species which has never become established in the United States so far as known, could become established under favorable conditions.
Granzyme A‐deficient mice retain potent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity.

Granzyme A, a granule‐associated serine proteinase of activated cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells, has been reported to play a critical role in DNA fragmentation of target cells. To address the question of the biological role of granzyme A, we have now generated a granzyme A‐deficient mouse mutant by homologous recombination. Western blot analysis, enzyme assays and reverse transcription‐PCR confirmed the absence of granzyme A in activated T cells. In addition, deletion of granzyme A does not alter the expression patterns of other granule components, such as granzymes B‐G and perforin. Granzyme A‐deficient mice are healthy and show normal hematopoietic development. Most notably, their in vitro‐ and ex vivo‐derived cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells are indistinguishable from those of normal mice in causing membrane disruption, apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in target cells. Furthermore, granzyme A‐deficient mice readily recover from both lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and Listeria monocytogenes infections and eradicate syngeneic tumors with kinetics similar to the wild‐type strain. These results demonstrate that granzyme A does not play a primary role in cell‐mediated cytotoxicity, as has been assumed previously.
Nucleotide Sequence of the Gene for the Vitamin B 12 Receptor Protein in the Outer Membrane of Escherichia coli

The nucleotide sequence of a 2220-base-pair fragment containing the btuB gene of Escherichia coli was determined. There was a single open reading frame which was translated into a 614-amino-acid polypeptide, the first 20 amino acids of which comprised a typical leader sequence. The putative mature or processed form had a molecular weight (66,400) and a composition in close agreement with that determined for the purified receptor. The distribution of amino acids in the receptor protein was similar to that of other outer membrane proteins, showing a fairly even distribution of charged residues and the absence of extensive hydrophobic stretches. The btuB451 mutation appears to alter the receptor to eliminate its ability to function in vitamin B12 uptake without affecting its ligand binding properties. The sequence of the DNA from this mutant was determined and revealed a leucine-to-proline (C-to-T transition) change in the eighth amino acid of the mature form.
Comparing the efficacy and influence on the quality of life of three classes of drugs used in bronchial asthma - a prospective study.

OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy of formoterol, montelukast and acebrophylline when used in combination with budesonide in patients with bronchial asthma and to determine their role in the improvement of the quality of life of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 75 patients were divided into 3 groups based on treatment given - formoterol 6 mcg/puff + budesonide 100 mcg/puff combination inhaler, 2 puffs twice daily; oral montelukast 10 mg once daily + budesonide 100 mcg/puff, 2 puffs twice daily and oral acebrophylline 100 mg twice daily + budesonide 100 mcg/puff, 2 puffs twice daily. The patients were followed-up for 4 wk after initiating treatment. Spirometry values - forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), before and after treatment were recorded. The quality of life was assessed before and after treatment using Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ). Analysis was done using repeated measures ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's post-hoc test. RESULTS As compared to baseline values, FEV1, PEFR and Quality of Life showed significant improvement in all 3 groups after 4 wk of treatment (p-value < 0.01). Three patients in acebrophylline-treated group reported gastric irritation while no adverse effects were reported in the other groups. CONCLUSION Formoterol, montelukast or acebrophylline combined with inhaled corticosteroids have similar efficacy in the treatment of asthma.
Natural variation and the capacity to adapt to ocean acidification in the keystone sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

A rapidly growing body of literature documents the potential negative effects of CO2‐driven ocean acidification (OA) on marine organisms. However, nearly all this work has focused on the effects of future conditions on modern populations, neglecting the role of adaptation. Rapid evolution can alter demographic responses to environmental change, ultimately affecting the likelihood of population persistence, but the capacity for adaptation will differ among populations and species. Here, we measure the capacity of the ecologically important purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus to adapt to OA, using a breeding experiment to estimate additive genetic variance for larval size (an important component of fitness) under future high‐pCO2/low‐pH conditions. Although larvae reared under future conditions were smaller than those reared under present‐day conditions, we show that there is also abundant genetic variation for body size under elevated pCO2, indicating that this trait can evolve. The observed heritability of size was 0.40 ± 0.32 (95% CI) under low pCO2, and 0.50 ± 0.30 under high‐pCO2 conditions. Accounting for the observed genetic variation in models of future larval size and demographic rates substantially alters projections of performance for this species in the future ocean. Importantly, our model shows that after incorporating the effects of adaptation, the OA‐driven decrease in population growth rate is up to 50% smaller, than that predicted by the ‘no‐adaptation’ scenario. Adults used in the experiment were collected from two sites on the coast of the Northeast Pacific that are characterized by different pH regimes, as measured by autonomous sensors. Comparing results between sites, we also found subtle differences in larval size under high‐pCO2 rearing conditions, consistent with local adaptation to carbonate chemistry in the field. These results suggest that spatially varying selection may help to maintain genetic variation necessary for adaptation to future OA.
Factores de influencia en el comportamiento del turista interno

El creciente aumento de la complejidad del modo de vida de las personas en las sociedades modernas, ha llevado la busca cada vez mayor para encontrar formas de ocio y entretenimiento capaces de recomponer la energia fisica y mental y posibilitar al individuo enfrentar mejor las presiones del cotidiano. Sin duda, la gran parcela para el aumento de la complejidad antes referida tiene origen en la sociedad de consumo. Pero lo que ella representa para las personas? Lo que es, en esencia, la sociedad de consumo y por que ella provoca tantos cambios en el modo de vida de los grupos sociales? El sentido del consumo esta asociado a la fase final del proceso economico (produccion, circulacion, distribucion y consumo) y se refiere generalmente a compra de bienes que son destruidos por el uso y que pueden variar de pocos usos (productos no durables), hasta varios usos (productos durables). La destruccion por el uso, por veces, puede no significar la desaparicion de lo bien, pero su inutilizacion para el fin primario a que se destinaba, generando, con su destruccion, residuos (basura) o subproductos. Asi, un vaso de vidrio al quebrarse pierde su finalidad primaria que es acondicionar liquidos, pero al generar el residuo (vidrio quebrado) puede constituirse nuevamente en materia y, al ser reciclado, transformarse otra vez en vaso o algun objeto de vidrio. En cuanto la durabilidad, se ejemplifica con el caso de que una persona para vivir necesita ingerir alimentos (que son inmediatamente destruidos al ser consumidos) y tambien de una casa o apartamento para su morada (que normalmente tendra una vida mas larga que la de su propietario). En el consumo, la compra visa generalmente la obtencion de la satisfaccion de alguna necesidad por la utilizacion de lo bien. Puede referirse, por tanto, la compra de bienes tangibles e intangibles, desde que satisfagan el requisito de utilidad para las personas. Baudrillard ( 1995) al analizar la cuestion del consumo y de las necesidades, teje los siguientes comentarios:
An enhanced adaptive neural fuzzy tool condition monitoring for turning process

The research work carried out in this paper presents a novel intelligent tool condition monitoring solution for the turning process using an enhanced adaptive neural fuzzy inference system based on extended subtractive clustering. The hybrid system is constructed from training a takagi-sugeno-kang fuzzy logic system by integrating machining parameters- feed, cutting force, feed force and cutting tool wear dataset using the extended subtractive clustering. The parametric search for clustering parameters in extended subtractive clustering ensures the high precision of the fuzzy system identification. Further on, neural network automatically acquires the knowledge by the back propagation algorithm and trains the connectionist structure to refine the fuzzy logic rules and find optimal input/output membership functions for the enhanced adaptive neural fuzzy tool condition monitoring. The experimental results show its effectiveness and competitiveness in comparison with five other artificial intelligence methods applied on the same data sets.
Change towards earlier stage at presentation of colorectal cancer

A study was carried out to investigate the change in stage at presentation of patients with colorectal cancer over 10 years. Cases were identified from the control group of subjects enrolled into a randomized controlled study based on Haemoccult screening for colorectal neoplasia. Of 405 subjects in the control group presenting with symptomatic colorectal cancer, 206 presented before 1989 and 199 since then. The number of patients with Dukes' stage A carcinoma diagnosed since 1989 rose from 21 (10·4 per cent) to 35 (18·1 per cent); this change occurred for rectosigmoid tumours (9·9 per cent before 1989, 28 per cent after 1989) but not for colonic cancer (10·9 per cent before 1989, 11·5 percent thereafter). An increase in the proportion of patients with symptomatic early‐stage rectosigmoid cancer has been observed in the past 10 years. No such change occurred in those with colonic cancer. This may reflect a change in awareness of the disease and its symptoms by patients and general practitioners.