Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Intergenerational Differentiation in Perception of Employee Engagement and Job Satisfaction among Older and Younger Employees in Slovenia

With the ageing population in the developed world, age diversity in the workforce in organizations is growing. Consequently, perception of the work environment, job satisfaction and engagement are influenced by differences in age as well as a corresponding diverse set of values and often manifested through age discrimination. Using an age-diverse national sample (n = 1505) of older (n = 750) and younger (n = 755) workers in Slovenia, this study investigates the understudied influence of intergenerational differentiation (age discrimination) on job satisfaction and employee engagement between two age cohorts. Three different instruments were used: Intergenerational Differentiation in the Workplace Measure (IDWM) , Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (JSQ) and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) . The main goal of the study was to (through structural equation modelling) find out if and how the perception of intergenerational differentiation in the workplace affects job satisfaction and employee engagement between young and old employees. The constructed structural model shows that independent of the age group, intergenerational differences have a direct negative effect on job satisfaction and an indirect negative effect on employee engagement. It was also found that perceived age discrimination has both a greater direct effect on job satisfaction among older employees and a greater indirect effect on older employees’ engagement than on younger employees’ job satisfaction and engagement. Thus, by age discrimination effects on job satisfaction and employee engagement across the two most prominent age groups, older and younger, which will play a deciding role in the broader socio-economic context via the future job market, providing higher economic growth, a sustainable healthcare and retirement system, etc. While the groups differ in examining the organizational level the study implicitly identifies that these intergenerational differences in age related values and value changes exist not only in the organization but spread through society.
Condensation pattern as a new image parameter for identification of small chromosomes in plants

The method of using conventional numerical parameters, such as length and arm ratio, is insufficient to distinguish the chromosomes of Atriplex rosea L. (2n=18) completely, as they are very small. Therefore a new image parameter, condensation pattern (CP), was defined and employed to obtain additional information for chromosome identification. The CP of a chromosome was represented by a profile line of the density distribution along the midrib of unilateral chromatid, and was measured semi-automatically by the CHromosome Image Analyzing System, CHIAS. It was shown that the CP is a valuable parameter for identification of the small chromosomes in plants.
Observations on the Desert Grasshopper, Trimerotropis pallidipennis pallidipennis, in Arizona

Between 1936 and 1959 this was one of the most widely distributed grasshopper species in Arizona, both as to location and type of habitat. Populations averaged higher at moderate than at very low or very high elevations. The highest and most extensive infestations occurred in 1941 and 1958, mainly on nonirrigated desert land, in south-central Arizona following continuous fall-winter-spring periods when precipitation and the condition of desert vegetation were much above normal. Trimerotropis pallidipennis often migrated into cultivated land and caused damage to crops. Severe damage to seedling cotton in Pinal and Maricopa Counties occurred in 1958. It has a spring generation throughout its range in Arizona, and usually at least one additional generation at elevations below 5,000 feet. Desert populations were reduced 74% in 1 day and 86% in 6 to 7 days by an aldrin spray applied by aircraft in the spring of 1958.
The root endodermis in Ranunculus acris. II. Histochemistry of the endodermis and the synthesis of phenolic compounds in roots

Results of histochemical tests performed on fresh root tissue of Ranunculus acris provide the following information on the chemical nature of the root endodermis: (i) the Casparian strip is impregnated with lipid and possibly lignin, (ii) the suberin lamellae stain positively for lipid and phenols with free hydroxyl groups, and (iii) the tertiary wall contains alternating bands of lignin and cellulose.At the ultrastructural level, phenolic 'globules' present in vacuoles of adjacent cortical cells increase in size by accretion of flocculent material and the addition of dispersed granular material through the apparent fusion of smaller vacuoles with the large central vacuole. Globules adhering to fragments of the tonoplast membrane are clearly seen with the SEM.The ferric chloride test for catechol-type phenols at the TEM level proved useful in categorizing phenolic compounds present in intercellular spaces, in walls and vacuoles of cortical cells, surrounding starch grains in amyloplasts, and in the cytopl.
Complementary interregional linkages and Smart Specialisation: an empirical study on European regions

ABSTRACT Regional capabilities are regarded a pillar of Smart Specialisation Strategy (S3). There is yet little focus in S3 policy on the role of interregional linkages. This study on 292 NUTS-2 regions in Europe finds that interregional linkages have a positive effect on the probability of regions to diversify, especially in peripheral regions. What matters is not being connected to other regions per se, but being connected to regions that provide complementary capabilities. Finally, we propose a new indicator that enables regions to identify other regions as strategic partners in their S3 policy, depending on the presence of complementary capabilities in other regions.
Labor issues and COVID‐19

Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic has prompted Canada and several other countries to impose an economic shutdown to prevent a deadly public health crisis from becoming much deadlier. In the agriculture and food sector, several hundred thousand restaurant workers have lost their jobs. The rise in unemployment, the closing of restaurants and schools, and social distancing have triggered demand reductions for certain commodities and foods and demand increases for others, bringing along changes in demand for inputs including labor. Canadian employers of temporary foreign workers (TFWs) are facing delays and additional constraints in recruiting, but so have US and European employers of TFWs. Rising food security concerns are making protectionist trade policies popular. Domestic and foreign firms may export less and do more foreign direct investment, inducing trade in jobs.
Performance of dairy cows fed roasted sunflower seed

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects on milk yield, milk composition, ruminal fermentation and total tract nutrient utilization of feeding roasted whole sunflower seed to dairy cows. Three diets were formulated: a control diet with no sunflower seed (NSF), a raw sunflower seed diet (USF) and a roasted sunflower seed diet (RSF). The level of sunflower seed in USF and RSF was 78 g kg−1 of dry matter (DM). The effects of dietary treatments on yield and composition of milk were determined using nine Holstein cows in three 3 × 3 Latin squares. Three ruminally fistulated cows were used to determine the effects of dietary treatments on ruminal fermentation and total tract nutrient digestibilities. Cows fed sunflower seed diets consumed 8% less (P < 0.05) DM but produced similar amounts of milk as cows fed NSF. However, milk fat content (30.7 vs 33.5 g kg−1) and yield (1.33 vs 1.47 kg day−1) were lower (P < 0.05) for cows fed USF and RSF than for those fed NSF. Supplemental sunflower seed had no effect on concentrations and yields of other milk components. The concentrations of short-chain (C4:0 to C12:0) and medium-chain (C14:0 to C16:0) fatty acids were, respectively, 27% and 29% lower (P < 0.05) while those of long-chain fatty acids (C18:0 to C18:3) were 51% higher (P < 0.05) in the milk of cows fed USF and RSF than for cows fed NSF. Ruminal pH, ammonia N and total volatile fatty acids were not affected by dietary treatments. Feeding sunflower seed (USF or RSF) reduced (P < 0.05) the concentration of acetate and increased (P < 0.05) the concentration of propionate. Total tract nutrient digestibilities were not affected by sunflower seed supplementation or by heat treatment. Supplementing dairy cow diets with unheated or roasted sunflower seed improved the efficiency of milk production and increased concentrations of long-chain and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Feeding sunflower seed at up to 78 g kg−1 of diet DM had no adverse effects on nutrient utilization. Roasting had no additional benefits on milk yield or milk fatty acid composition. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Synopses from the poster exhibition organized by I. M. Kerr, 1. Interferon: a tertiary structure predicted from amino acid sequences

Functional studies on interferon would be helped by a three-dimensional structure for the molecule. However, it may be several years before the structure of the protein is determined by X-ray crystallography. We have therefore used available methods for predicting the secondary - and the tertiary - structure of a protein from its amino acid sequence to propose a tertiary model involving the packing of four a-helices. Details of this work have been published elsewhere (Sternberg & Cohen 1982).
Maladies émergentes de la faune sauvage en Europe : Leçons à retenir pour se prémunir d'un retour de l'influenza aviaire

La contamination de l'avifaune sauvage en Europe, en 2006, par des foyers d'Influenza Aviaire Hautement Pathogene (IAHP) a ete une nouvelle illustration du risque sanitaire que represente la faune sauvage pour l'homme ou les animaux domestiques. Afin de mieux anticiper des incursions similaires et eviter les derives liees a une communication mal conduite, cet article decrit la facon dont le risque a ete etudie et gere dans le passe pour d'autres maladies de la faune sauvage en Europe. L'auteur propose aussi une methodologie generale pour anticiper de tels evenements.
An attempt to constrain Planet Nine’s orbit and position via resonant confinement of distant TNOs

We considered four TNOs on elongated orbits with small semimajor axis uncertainties: Sedna, 2004 VN112, 2012 VP113, and 2000 CR105. We found two sets of simultaneous near commensurabilities for these objects with a putative Planet Nine that are compatible with the current uncertainties in the objects’ orbital periods. We conducted a large number of numerical simulations of quasi-coplanar simulations (i.e. inclinations of Planet Nine and TNOs set to zero but not the giant planets) to find which values of Planet Nine’s mean anomaly and longitude of perihelion could put these objects in stable mean motion resonance (MMR) librations. We found no cases of simultaneous stable librations for multiple TNOs for more than 800 My, with most librations lasting much shorter than this time-scale. The objects 2004 VN112 and 2000 CR105 are the most unstable. Being in an MMR is not a strict requirement for long-term survival in 3D simulations, so our result cannot be used to refute Planet Nine’s existence. Nevertheless, it casts doubt and shows that theoretical attempts to constrain the position of the planet on the sky are not possible.
THE CULTIVATION OF RUMEN OLIGOTRICH PROTOZOA

Rumen oligotrich protozoa, namely some species of Entodinium, were successfully cultured in vitro on a salt medium containing whole egg protein, proteose-peptone, rice starch, yeast extract, cellulose powder, and white clover juice. Of these constituents proteose-peptone, yeast extract, and cellulose powder could be omitted, but omission of the clover juice resulted in the death of the protozoa. Attempts to replace the clover juice by known compounds were unsuccessful.Entodinia were maintained for over 10 months on a medium of rice starch and finely ground white clover at population densities of 2-10×104/ml. On the two media described above populations up to 2-3×105/ml were obtained by using a simple apparatus. On the latter medium, the ciliates were maintained at a mean density of nearly 2×105/ml for more than 50 days. Entodiniumcaudatum, starting from a single cell, multiplied with the average division rate of approximately once per day during the initial 4 weeks. The clone was maintained for over 3 months with active multiplication. Morphological variation was observed in these clonal cultures.
BETWEEN SCYLLA AND CHARYBDIS: COVID-19 AND CANCER (LITERATURE REVIEW)

The global spread of an infectious disease called COVID-19 which is caused by SARS-CoV-2. continues. The adverse course of COVID-19 is most often observed in patients with comorbidities, in particular malignant tumours. The application of active antineoplastic therapy (chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation exposure) can have a negative effect on the course of COVID-19. Therefore, systemic cancer treatment must account for the risk/benefit ratio. For each cancer patient, several factors, including age and comorbidities, and even the need to visit a hospital, may increase this risk. It is recommended to consider several variables, including the degree of the epidemic, capacities of local healthcare structures, the risk of patient's infection, the activity of malignancy, patient comorbidities, age, and treatment peculiarities. There are no simple and universal recommendations for providing cancer care during a crisis, and the inability to estimate the pandemic duration aggravates the issue. This literature review analyzes the experience of oncologists from different countries concerning diagnostic and therapeutic tactics for cancer patients during the pandemic. Practical recommendations on various types of tumours and treatment methods, determining priorities in the operation of oncological facilities, and rational use of financial and professional resources are considered.
Characterization of selection effects on broiler lines using DNA fingerprinting

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of selection for body weight on the genetic variability and diversity in broiler lines. Two paternal broiler lines (LL and LLc) were used. LL line was selected for 12 generations for growth and carcass and reproduction characteristics. The LLc line was established from LL line in 1985 and mated at random. Blood samples from six chickens per line were collected and used for molecular analysis. Also, a DNA pool was made for each line to compare effects between lines. Data were analyzed considering the collected information on the presence or absence of DNA bands. Band sharing scores were calculated using the DICE coefficient. The pattern of the 21 most representative bands was used. DNA fingerprinting (DFP) showed 90.48 % of polymorphism bands for both lines. Difference between lines was not due to the presence or absence of bands, but to the frequency of such bands in each genotype. Considering that both lines had the same genetic background, changes on band frequency were probably due to selection. Selection for body weight had an effect on the band frequency as evaluated by DFP, and for this reason this technique could be used as a tool in the selection process. Results also suggest that bands 4, 5 and 19 were linked to body weight traits, and bands 9, 10, 12, 13 and 21 were linked to reproductive traits such as egg production.
Chloroplast Biogenesis 81: Transient Formation of Divinyl Chlorophyll a Following a 2.5 ms Light Flash Treatment of Etiolated Cucumber Cotyledons

Abstract— The possible conversion of nascent divinyl (DV) chloro‐phyllide a (Chlide a) to DV chlorophyll a (Chi a during the early stages of greening in a dark divinyl‐light divinyl‐light/dark divinyl (DDV‐LDV‐LDDV) plant species was investigated. Etiolated cucumber cotyledons (Cucu‐mis sativus L.) were subjected to a 2.5 ms light flash followed by darkness. The DV and monovinyl (MV) components of the protochlorophyllide a (Pchlide a), Chlide a, Pchlide a ester and Chi a pools were monitored quantitatively by high‐resolution spectrofluorometry, immediately following the light treatments and after various periods in darkness. The light treatment photoconverted DV and MV Pchlide a to DV and MV Chlide a. Some photoconversion of MV Pchlide a ester to MV Chi a also appeared to take place. A sharp rise in the level of DV Chi a following the light treatment could not be accounted for by photoconversion of DV Pchlide a ester. It must have arisen by rapid esterification of nascent DV Chlide a. After illumination, the level of DV Chi a rose for 5 s and then declined. The implications of the transient rise and fall of DV Chi a content following illumination to the Chi a biosynthetic heterogeneity is discussed.
To study of sputum cytology in COPD and bronchial asthma

Introduction: It has been observed that airflow obstruction is permanent and progressive and accompanied by hyper-responsiveness which may be partially reversible. There are three main types of disorders in COPD. It includes emphysema, peripheral airways disease and chronic bronchitis. Aim of this study was to study of sputum cytology in COPD and bronchial asthma. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective study carried out in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Science, Bhuj, Gujarat, India. The study period was from January 2019 to December 2019. The number of healthy patients recruited for the current study was 20, along with 20 asthmatic patients and 30 COPD patients. Spirometry and body plethysmography was used to measure the capacity and volume of the lungs of all the patients. One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was conducted for counting the differences in counts of lung function variables and sputum cells. Results: It was identified that the mean age of healthy patients was 62.81±6.2 years, of asthmatic patients was 55.4±12.5 years, and that of the COPD patients was 65.3±5.6 years. During the study, it was further determined the Specific airway conductance (sGAW) for asthmatic patients to be [0.40±0.02 kPa.Sec-1], while for the COPD patients it came out to be [1.72±0.16 kPa.Sec-1]. Similarly, for the healthy patients, it was [1.15±0.19 kPa.Sec-1]. sGaw was positively associated with sputum macrophages. However, it was found that sGaw was inversely associated with neutrophil and neutrophil-macrophage ratio in COPD. Conclusions: In light of the current results, it was identified that one of the important pathophysiological conditions among the COPD patients is poor airway conductance. It increases significantly when the penetration of neutrophils increases in the airways. © 2020 Published by Innovative Publication. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
A Visual Information Assessment Tool for Resin Canal Identification and Property Measurement

Resin canal studies rely on the accurate measurement of various resin canal properties. The conventional approach of manually marking resin canals on a wood sample is not only labour intensive but, more importantly, unable to quantify the visual information of resin canals, such as the size and contrast of a resin canal. This paper describes a semiautomatic visual information processing approach that was developed to identify resin canals and growth rings from colour-scanned images of the transverse surface of polished wood samples, and to quantify the characteristics of resin canals by ring-based statistical measures in terms of the area of a resin canal occupied, colour contrast of a resin canal to its surrounding material and resin canals occurrence frequency within a growth ring. The proposed approach endeavours to automate the analysis as far as practicable. Interactive facilities are provided for correcting decisions made by the automated analysis, wherever necessary. The method of resin canal detection, based on image processing techniques, provides an effective solution to many problems that require feature identification and assessment. The proposed approach was used to assess variation in axial resin canals in radiata pine across different sites.
Forage Legumes for Grazing and Conserving in Ruminant Production Systems

As a plant group, forage legumes present some unique advantages and disadvantages for ruminant production. When compared to grasses or cereals their main advantages are generally (i) low reliance on fertilizer nitrogen (N) inputs, (ii) high voluntary intake and animal production when feed supply is non-limiting and (iii) high protein content. The main disadvantages of forage legumes are generally (i) lower persistence than grass under grazing, (ii) high risk of livestock bloat and (iii) difficulty to conserve as silage or hay. In comparison to grass or legume monocultures, grass + legume mixtures have particular advantages such as more balanced feeding values, increased resource use efficiency and increased herbage production. However, maintaining the optimum legume contents (40-60% of herbage dry matter) to achieve these benefits remains a major challenge on farms. When compared to ruminant systems based on grass or cereals supplemented with fertilizer N, forage legume based ruminant systems tend to have less negative environmental impact on biodiversity, N losses to water and greenhouse gas emissions. Economically, the primary advantage of forage legumes over other forages is their ability to reduce fertilizer N costs and their main disadvantage is usually lower intensity of animal production per ha of land. Despite the numerous benefits of forage legumes for ruminant farming (to the farmer and wider society), their use is reported as being low or declining relative to other forages in many regions. This is most likely a result of their disadvantages being perceived to outweigh their advantages at farm level. This may change if the price ratio of fertilizer N to product (meat/milk) continues to increase as it has done in some regions in recent years.
Understanding Plant Diseases Using Art and Technology

ABSTRACT Gray mold and anthracnose fruit rot are two of the most important diseases threatening strawberry production in the United States. Managing these diseases is critical, but difficult without understanding how the fungus causing each disease operates. Improvements in design technology and computer processing power have enabled us to create a new generation of informational resources that explain disease development in a new and exciting way. High-definition photos and time-lapse videos help us recognize and diagnose diseases from their first appearance in the field. Through illustrations and animations, concepts, such as disease cycles, can be explained more effectively. Free availability of these materials on websites and social media makes them accessible to growers, agents, and specialists. Through these materials we can clarify and justify current management practices so that growers can more effectively combat diseases in the field. Using gray mold and anthracnose fruit rot as an example, we created photo galleries and updated, visually stimulating disease cycles for continued and improved grower training.