Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling Pancreatic Cancer In Vivo: From Xenograft and Carcinogen-Induced Systems to Genetically Engineered Mice

In the last 10 years, there has been a relative explosion of new rodent systems that recapitulate both genetic and cellular lesions that lead to the development of pancreatic cancer. These models now need to be considered when selecting an appropriate in vivo system to study disease etiology, cell signaling, and drug development. The majority of these evaluations have used transplantation of cancer cells and the use of carcinogens, which still maintain their value when investigating human cancer and epigenetic contributors. Xenograft models utilize cultured or primary pancreatic cancer cells that are placed under the skin or implanted within the pancreas of immunocompromised mice. Carcinogen-induced systems rely on administration of certain chemicals to generate cellular changes that rapidly lead to pancreatic cancer. Genetically modified mice are more advanced in their design in that relevant genetic mutations can be inserted into mouse genomic DNA in both a conditional and inducible manner. Generation of mice that develop spontaneous pancreatic cancer from a targeted genetic mutation is a valuable research tool, considering the broad spectrum of genes and cell targets that can be used, producing a variety of neoplastic lesions and cancer that can reflect many aspects of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Draft Genome Sequence of Rhodococcus sp. Strain 311R

ABSTRACT Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Rhodococcus sp. strain 311R, which was isolated from a site contaminated with alkanes and aromatic compounds. Strain 311R shares 90% of the genome of Rhodococcus erythropolis SK121, which is the closest related bacteria.
A 15–21 GHz I/Q Upconverter With an On-Chip Linearization Circuit for 10 Gbps mm-Wave Links

This letter presents a 15–21 GHz I/Q upconverter, based on two Gilbert-cell mixers with an on-chip wideband linearization loop that extends the linear region and allows power efficient operation at backoff power levels. A quadrature LO signal is generated using an integrated two-stage polyphase filter. Measurements show a conversion gain of −5.5 dB, an output 1-dB compression point of 0 dBm, and an image suppression of 40 dB over the 6-GHz output bandwidth. An error vector magnitude of 3.5% is obtained for a 10-Gb/s 64-QAM signal with a bandwidth of 2 GHz. The circuit is integrated in a 55-nm BiCMOS process and occupies <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.07~mm^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The dc power consumption is 61 mW.
Machine-learning techniques for software product quality assessment

Integration of metrics computation in most popular computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools is a marked tendency. Software metrics provide quantitative means to control the software development and the quality of software products. The ISO/IEC international standard (14598) on software product quality states, "Internal metrics are of little value unless there is evidence that they are related to external quality". Many different approaches have been proposed to build such empirical assessment models. In this work, different machine learning (ML) algorithms are explored with regard to their capacities of producing assessment/predictive models, for three quality characteristics. The predictability of each model is then evaluated and their applicability in a decision-making system is discussed.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer: are expanded resection criteria safe for Western patients?

Abstract Background and study aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard treatment for early gastric cancer (EGC) fulfilling guideline resection criteria or the expanded resection criteria in Asia. It is unclear whether the expanded criteria can be transferred to European patients, and long-term follow-up data are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term follow-up data after ESD of EGCs in Europe. Patients and methods Patients with EGC who underwent ESD were included in this single-center study at a German referral center. Patient and lesion characteristics, procedure characteristics, and follow-up data were recorded prospectively. Results A total of 179 patients with 191 EGCs were included over a period of 141 months, with 29.6 % of lesions meeting guideline criteria and 48.6 % meeting expanded criteria. The en bloc resection rate was 98.4 % for guideline criteria and 89.0 % for expanded criteria lesions (P = 0.09), and the R0 resection rate was 90.2 % and 73.6 %, respectively (P = 0.02). The main reason for the expanded criteria was a lesion diameter > 20 mm (81.6 %). Complications: perforation 1 %, delayed bleeding 6.3 %, stricture 2.1 %, procedure-related mortality 1.1 %. Local recurrence rate was 0 % for guideline criteria and 4.8 % for expanded criteria lesions (P = 0.06), and the rate of metachronous neoplasia was 15.1 % and 7.1 %, respectively (median follow-up 51 and 56 months, respectively); 92.9 % of metachronous neoplasia were treated curatively with repeat ESD. One patient developed lymph node metastasis after ESD of a submucosal invasive expanded criteria lesion. Long-term-survival was comparable between the two criteria (P = 0.58). No gastric cancer-related death was observed in either group. Conclusions ESD can achieve high rates of long-term curative treatment using the expanded criteria in EGCs in Western countries. We recommend ESD as treatment of choice not only for guideline criteria EGCs but also for intramucosal nonulcerated EGCs regardless of their diameter.
How frequent storms affect wetland vegetation: a preview of climate‐change impacts

Predicting how vegetation may change in response to an increasingly variable climate is difficult, but the analysis of observed responses to past climatic oscillations can inform the forecasting process. The consequences of multiple extreme events were recorded (1978–1998) for a California salt marsh. Ultimately, after less-extreme decadal weather patterns were preceded by more-extreme ones resulting from the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, six types of climate-change-related effects on vegetation became apparent. Among the identified effect types in this system, “sequential” (or event-order-dependent) effects were the most severe with regard to abrupt biodiversity losses. Similar outcomes could be applied to other ecosystems subjected to variable conditions. Managers and restoration ecologists need to anticipate the many ways in which extreme events can affect vegetation and use this knowledge to build resilience into restoration targets and plantings. A national program of adaptive restoration could first .
Localization of cortical areas activated by thinking.

These experiments were undertaken to demonstrate that pure mental activity, thinking, increases the cerebral blood flow and that different types of thinking increase the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in different cortical areas. As a first approach, thinking was defined as brain work in the form of operations on internal information, done by an awake subject. The rCBF was measured in 254 cortical regions in 11 subjects with the intracarotid 133Xe injection technique. In normal man, changes in the regional cortical metabolic rate of O2 leads to proportional changes in rCBF. One control study was taken with the subjects at rest. Then the rCBF was measured during three different simple algorithm tasks, each consisting of retrieval of a specific memory followed by a simple operation on the retrieved information. Once started, the information processing went on in the brain without any communication with the outside world. In 50-3 thinking, the subjects started with 50 and then, in their minds only, continuously subtracted 3 from the result. In jingle thinking the subjects internally jumped every second word in a nine-word circular jingle. In route-finding thinking the subjects imagined that they started at their front door and then walked alternatively to the left or the right each time they reached a corner. The rCBF increased only in homotypical cortical areas during thinking. The areas in the superior prefrontal cortex increased their rCBF equivalently during the three types of thinking. In the remaining parts of the prefrontal cortex there were multifocal increases of rCBF. The localizations and intensities of these rCBF increases depended on the type of internal operation occurring. The rCBF increased bilaterally in the angular cortex during 50-3 thinking. The rCBF increased in the right midtemporal cortex exclusively during jingle thinking. The intermediate and remote visual association areas, the superior occipital, posterior inferior temporal, and posterior superior parietal cortex, increased their rCBF exclusively during route-finding thinking. We observed no decreases in rCBF. All rCBF increases extended over a few square centimeters of the cortex. The activation of the superior prefrontal cortex was attributed to the organization of thinking. The activation of the angular cortex in 50-3 thinking was attributed to the retrieval of the numerical memory and memory for subtractions. The activation of the right midtemporal cortex was attributed to the retrieval of the nonverbal auditory memory. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Let's handshake and I'll know who you are: Gender and personality discrimination in human-human and human-robot handshaking interaction

In order to appear as natural as possible during social interaction, robots need either the ability to express or to measure emotions. Touch can be a very powerful communication modality but is very little exploited. Our paper aims to create a model of the tactile features activated during a handshake act, that can discriminate intrinsic characteristics of a person such as gender or extroversion. First, we construct a model of handshaking based on the human-human styles of handshaking. This model is thereafter compared with a human-robot handshaking interaction. The Meka robot is used in our experiments. A method is proposed to manage the modeling using feature selection with ANOVA and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The first preliminary results show that it is possible to recognize gender and extroversion personality trait based on the firmness and movement of the style of handshaking. For instance, smaller pressure and frequency were found to describe female handshakes and higher speed amplitude describe introverted handshakes. Consistency was also found when comparing human-human handshaking with human-robot ones. These are encouraging results that will allow us to develop personalized interactions.
Development of a Second-Generation Antiandrogen for Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer

A Second Act for Antiandrogens Men with advanced prostate cancer are often treated with antiandrogens; drugs that inhibit the activity of male hormones, such as testosterone, that help drive tumor growth. Many of these drugs act by functionally disrupting the androgen receptor (AR), a transcriptional regulator of cell proliferation, but tumors eventually become resistant to the drugs by expressing higher levels of the AR. Tran et al. (p. 787, published online 9 April) have developed a “second-generation” antiandrogen, a thiohydantoin called MDV3100, which binds the AR with high affinity. MDV3100 retains its anticancer activity in cell culture and in mouse models even when AR levels are elevated. The drug appears to act both by inhibiting translocation of the AR into the nucleus and by reducing its transcriptional activity. MDV3100 is being tested in patients with advanced prostate cancer, the first group of which have shown a decline in blood levels of a marker of cancer growth, prostate-specific antigen. A drug that binds to the androgen receptor acts by disrupting its activity in the cell nucleus. Metastatic prostate cancer is treated with drugs that antagonize androgen action, but most patients progress to a more aggressive form of the disease called castration-resistant prostate cancer, driven by elevated expression of the androgen receptor. Here we characterize the diarylthiohydantoins RD162 and MDV3100, two compounds optimized from a screen for nonsteroidal antiandrogens that retain activity in the setting of increased androgen receptor expression. Both compounds bind to the androgen receptor with greater relative affinity than the clinically used antiandrogen bicalutamide, reduce the efficiency of its nuclear translocation, and impair both DNA binding to androgen response elements and recruitment of coactivators. RD162 and MDV3100 are orally available and induce tumor regression in mouse models of castration-resistant human prostate cancer. Of the first 30 patients treated with MDV3100 in a Phase I/II clinical trial, 13 of 30 (43%) showed sustained declines (by >50%) in serum concentrations of prostate-specific antigen, a biomarker of prostate cancer. These compounds thus appear to be promising candidates for treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
Ischemic‐type biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation

Nonanastomotic biliary strictures that involve only the biliary tree of the graft occur after orthotopic liver transplantation in patients with hepatic artery thrombosis, chronic ductopenic rejection and ABO blood group incompatibility. This complication may also occur in the absence of these known risk factors. The major focus of our study was to evaluate the risk factors for nonanastomotic biliary stricturing of unknown cause after orthotopic liver transplantation. Results demonstrate that the development of biliary strictures is strongly associated with the duration of cold ischemic storage of allografts in both Euro‐Collins solution and University of Wisconsin solution. Results also demonstrate that strictures are not associated with the type of biliary reconstruction, the primary liver disease, cytomegalovirus infection, allograft rejection or the presence of a positive lymphocytotoxic crossmatch. More recently, we have markedly reduced the occurrence of nonanastomotic biliary stricturing by decreasing the ischemia time of our allografts. Thus nonanastomotic biliary strictures appear to be the result of the ischemia/reperfusion–induced tissue injury associated with the harvest and implantation of allografts. (HEPATOLOGY 1992;16:49–53.)
AKBL at the NTCIR-13 MedWeb Task

The AKBL team participated in the Twitter subtask of the NTCIR-13 MedWeb Task. We tackled the task by using a machine learning technique, the Fisher’s exact test and real tweets which were collected under specific conditions. This paper outlines the methods we used to obtain the result evaluated by the task organizer.
Apoptosis-inducing factor mediates poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer-induced cell death

Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), a mitochondrial oxidoreductase, is released into the cytoplasm to induce cell death in response to poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) activation. How PARP-1 activation leads to AIF release is not known. Here we identify PAR polymer as a cell death signal that induces release of AIF. PAR polymer induces mitochondrial AIF release and translocation to the nucleus. PAR glycohydrolase, which degrades PAR polymer, prevents PARP-1-dependent AIF release. Cells with reduced levels of AIF are resistant to PARP-1-dependent cell death and PAR polymer cytotoxicity. These results reveal PAR polymer as an AIF-releasing factor that plays important roles in PARP-1-dependent cell death.
A Wideband Polarization Survey of the Extragalactic Sky at 2-4 GHz: A Science White Paper for the VLA Sky Survey

A VLA Sky Survey of the extragalactic sky at S band (2-4 GHz) with polarization information can uniquely probe the magneto-ionic medium in a wide range of astrophysical environments over cosmic time. For a shallow all-sky survey, we expect to detect over 4 million sources in total intensity $>$ 0.45 mJy beam$^{-1}$ and over 2.2$\times$10$^5$ sources in polarized intensity. With these new observations, we expect to discover new classes of polarized radio sources in very turbulent astrophysical environments and those with extreme values of Faraday depth. Moreover, by determining reliable Faraday depths and by modeling depolarization effects, we can derive properties of the magneto-ionic medium associated with AGNs, absorption line systems and galaxies, addressing the following unresolved questions: (1) What is the covering fraction, the degree of turbulence and the origin of absorption line systems? (2) What is the thermal content in AGNs and radio galaxies? (3) How do AGNs and galaxies evolve over cosmic time? (4) What causes the increase in percentage polarization with decreasing flux densities at the low flux density end of the polarized source count? (5) What is the growth rate of large-scale magnetic fields in galaxies?
Un estudio innovador sobre acoso on-line en estudiantes universitarios

La universalización en el uso de dispositivos móviles de conexión a Internet y de redes sociales ha supuesto importantes cambios en la forma en que adolescentes y jóvenes se relacionan y en los espacios y contextos en que esa interacción se da. Dichos cambios conllevan la aparición de nuevas formas de acoso a través del uso de ordenadores, tablets y smartphones. Dadas las negativas consecuencias que el acoso on-line puede tener para el alumnado (incremento de dificultades académicas, sociales e internalizadas), resulta esencial tener datos precisos acerca de la prevalencia y características del mismo en los distintos entornos en los que los jóvenes y los adolescentes interaccionan. El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar la prevalencia del cyberbullying en estudiantes universitarios a través de una metodología innovadora que permita obtener información relevante de un gran número de alumnos en poco tiempo, aprovechando así las posibilidades y universalización del uso de los smartphones.
Effect of Antenna Directivity on the Accuracy of Fingerprint-based Localisation

This paper investigates the effect of antenna directivity on the accuracy of fingerprint-based indoor localisation systems. The proposed method adopts received signal strength which was derived by ray tracing techniques applied to 3D indoor model for location determination. Antennas with different radiation patterns and different orientations are implemented for comparative study. Numerical results show that, by utilizing the geometry of the indoor environment, directional antennas can help increase the uniqueness of the fingerprints and hence improve the localisation accuracy.
The effective use of the exhaustive search block matching algorithm in railway line tracking

This paper gives the results of an investigation on the use of exhaustive block matching techniques in detecting railway-line tracks in a video sequence with the view of implementing the outcome in a real-time system. The main focus of the research is to implement the exhaustive search block matching algorithm optimally and resolve any implementation problems that may arise. The algorithm is implemented on a video sequence that has undergone inverse perspective mapping. The second highlight of this research is to eliminate many video processing techniques, this is done in order to compensate for the computational expense for which the exhaustive search block matching algorithm is known for. The procedure entails traversing a very small block from the previous frame on the top and bottom ends of the current frame and marking the coordinates where the cost function is the minimum.
Intensive conventional-dose chemotherapy for stage IV low-grade lymphoma: high remission rates and reversion to negative of peripheral blood bcl-2 rearrangement.

BACKGROUND Advanced-stage low-grade lymphoma is characterized by initial responsiveness to many conventional therapies but ultimate relapse. Intensive therapy approaches with non-cross-resistant regimens have not been extensively explored. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to monitor for the presence of cells with rearrangement of bcl-2, and provides a sensitive and stringent parameter of disease activity and treatment response that may have clinical utility. PATIENTS AND METHODS From 1988 to 1992, 138 evaluable patients were treated with 3 sequential chemotherapy regimens, as well as with interferon alfa 2b (IFN) in combination with corticosteroids. Nineteen patients had serial PCR monitoring for bcl-2 rearrangement. RESULTS Among a subset of 58 patients who had an initial phase of IFN plus prednisone, the response rate was 59%, mostly partial remissions (PR). With the chemotherapy program, 65% have achieved complete remission to date, and 30% PR. By PCR analysis, 13 of 19 tested achieved negative status ('molecular remission'), a much higher frequency of molecular remission than has been seen with standard therapies, and these molecular remissions appear to correlate with a lower likelihood of relapse. CONCLUSIONS Intensive conventional-dose chemotherapy can achieve high rates of remission, even when monitored by the stringent PCR technique.
Glucose Fluxes During OGTT in Adolescents Assessed by a Stable Isotope Triple Tracer Method

UNLABELLED Virtually no information is available on glucose fluxes during a meal or glucose ingestion in adolescents. AIM To use a triple tracer approach to measure rates of appearance of ingested glucose (Ra(ogtt)), endogenous glucose production (EGP) and glucose disappearance (Rd) following an oral glucose bolus in adolescents. METHODS Eleven adolescents (4 M/7 F, 15 +/- 1 yr; 67.3 +/- 4.7 kg; 24 +/-2 kg/m2) underwent a frequent sampled oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (labelled with [6,6-2H2]glucose) combined with intravenous infusion of [1-(13)C]glucose and [U-(13)C6]glucose following an overnight fast. Formulas were developed to estimate glucose fluxes using one- or two-compartment models. RESULTS During the 7 h following the OGTT bolus, 9.8 +/- 2.3% of the ingested glucose was extracted by the liver, EGP was suppressed by 45 +/- 4% and Rd increased by 21 +/- 5%. CONCLUSIONS The triple tracer method provided accurate assessment of Ra(ogtt), EGP and Rd fluxes during an OGTT in adolescents. Thus, this method might provide novel insight on postprandial glucose fluxes in children/adolescents under various conditions.
Représentation et Estimation de la Force de Voix à partir du Spectre Moyen à Long Terme

La presente etude vise a retrouver par le calcul le niveau sonore emis par un locuteur, a partir de la seule enveloppe du spectre a long terme. Les donnees utilisees consistent en un ensemble de Spectres Moyens a Long Terme en tiers d'octave, etalonnes en niveau sonore et comportant une grande variabilite en fonction du genre du locuteur, de son âge et du degre d'effort vocal requis. La representation visuelle des spectres montre qu'il est plus coherent de les regrouper en fonction du niveau emis qu'en fonction du degre d'effort vocal requis. Une procedure de comparaison est appliquee a l'ensemble des spectres, apres normalisation a une valeur commune, arbitraire, de leur niveau sonore. Les resultats indiquent que la forme du spectre est suffisante pour retrouver le niveau sonore emis, avec une marge d'erreur statistique inferieure a 5 dB.