Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling method of polysaccharide precipitation of Traditional Chinese medicine injection

In this article, Traditional Chinese medicine Ophiopogon japonicus was the study object, the precipitation process model of Ophiopogon japonicus polysaccharide based on BP neural network algorithm was established according to the measured data. The principle of BP neural network and the feature of selecting model parameters were introduced, and the improved BP algorithm was proposed. After analyzing the precipitation process of Ophiopogon japonicus polysaccharide, the model parameters of polysaccharide precipitation process were determinimaled, and then the neural network model was established. At the last, the simulation results were analyzed, the model meets control requirements.
Highlights of Anesthetic Considerations for Intraoperative Neuromonitoring

Though relatively new, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has become standard of care for many neurosurgical procedures. The use of IONM has substantially decreased the rate of paralysis after deformity surgery, and has been validated in cervical spine surgery, and thoracic and lumbar laminectomy ((1) (2), (3). The main modalities are: somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), motor evoked potentials (MEPs), and electromyography (EMGs). Each test examines a functionally separate area of the spinal cord, which test is chosen depends on the location of the surgery and the patient’s preexisting injuries and deficits (6). Inhaled anesthetics decrease the waveform amplitude and increase latency, intravenous anesthetics have the same effect but to a lesser degree. Best anesthetic regimen for surgery involving intraoperative monitoring is controversial. Both inhaled and intravenous agents depress signal attainment, however for equal MAC concentrations inhaled agents cause more depression(11). While studies have shown that halogenated agents and nitrous oxide do in fact depress MEP signals more than total intravenous anesthesia, less is known on the relationship between IONM and patient characteristics. Lo’s study documenting MEP attainment with 0.5 MAC was done in an otherwise healthy scoliosis population (12), and no study to date has analyzed signal attainment in correlation with patient characteristics and anesthetic technique. While it is clear that anesthetic technique is extremely important, certain patient characteristics appear to be more common in difficult to monitor patients. The identification of these characteristics would suggest to the anesthesiologist the need for a more stringent technique (TIVA) and avert surgical delay or cancellation due to inability to obtain baseline or worse- loss of intraoperative waveform and need for a Stagnara wake-up test. Our group at Mt. Sinai has retrospectively studied patient characteristics, anesthetic technique and attainment of neuromonitoring signals. Hypertension and diabetes are independent predictors of monitoring failure, and these are preferentially sensitive to inhalational agents. Age and weight are also predictors, but less significant. In summary, neurophysiologic monitoring has evolved to be a consistent part of many procedures. The anesthesiologist should strive to understand the rationale behind monitoring and the basis of its utility. IONM has many implications for anesthetic technique and need for control of the physiologic milieu. With this knowledge the anesthesiologist can work together with the neuromonitoring team and surgeon to ensure patient safety during and after surgery.
CPW-Fed Dual-Band Linearly and Circularly Polarized Antenna Employing Novel Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission-Line

A coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed dual-band antenna operating at linear and circular polarization is presented in this letter. A novel composite right/left-handed (CRLH) unit cell is designed as a radiation element that can provide zeroth-mode resonance and positive-mode resonance at the lower and upper frequency. A TM01 mode orthogonal to +1st-Order is excited by a square complementary split-ring resonator (S-CSRR) in order to form a circular polarization. The equivalent circuit model is applied to analyze and design the CRLH unit cell. The antenna has a linearly polarized slot-like radiation characteristic at the lower frequency and a circularly polarized patch-like radiation characteristic at the upper frequency. Also, the total electrical size of the fabricated dual-band antenna employing a single unit cell was 0. 14λ0 ×0. 16λ0 ×0. 01λ0 at the lower frequency. Simulation and experimental results are used to verify the theoretical prediction .
Retinoid‐responsive transcriptional changes in epidermal keratinocytes

Retinoids (RA) have been used as therapeutic agents for numerous skin diseases, from psoriasis to acne and wrinkles. While RA is known to inhibit keratinocyte differentiation, the molecular effects of RA in epidermis have not been comprehensively defined. To identify the transcriptional targets of RA in primary human epidermal keratinocytes, we compared the transcriptional profiles of cells grown in the presence or absence of all‐trans retinoic acid for 1, 4, 24, 48, and 72 h, using large DNA microarrays. As expected, RA suppresses the protein markers of cornification; however the genes responsible for biosynthesis of epidermal lipids, long‐chain fatty acids, cholesterol, and sphingolipids, are also suppressed. Importantly, the pathways of RA synthesis, esterification and metabolism are activated by RA; therefore, RA regulates its own bioavailability. Unexpectedly, RA regulates many genes associated with the cell cycle and programmed cell death. This led us to reveal novel effects of RA on keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis. The response to RA is very fast: 315 genes were regulated already after 1 h. More than one‐third of RA‐regulated genes function in signal transduction and regulation of transcription. Using in silico analysis, we identified a set of over‐represented transcription factor binding sites in the RA‐regulated genes. Many psoriasis‐related genes are regulated by RA, some induced, others suppressed. These results comprehensively document the transcriptional changes caused by RA in keratinocytes, add new insights into the molecular mechanism influenced by RA in the epidermis and demonstrate the hypothesis‐generating power of DNA microarray analysis. J. Cell. Physiol. 220: 427–439, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two-Component Current Waveform for Lightning Simulation

A new model to simulate return stroke lightning current is presented. The idea for the model arose from the observation that measured lightning current has two quite different parts (fast rise and slow decay). Experimental measurement differentiates three segments in the rising portion: 1) increasing rate of rise, 2) relatively constant rate of rise, and 3) decreasing rate of rise. We propose two functions to represent the return stroke current waveshape, which closely resemble the first and the third segments, and compare them with previously developed models. In fact, we develop two versions of the proposed model: 1) version A: which creates waveshapes close to the waveshapes obtained by the model given in International Standard IEC 62305-1, and 2) version B: which creates waveshapes more similar to the mean waveshapes obtained by the measurement. It is worth pointing out that in both versions we can calculate model parameters using simple formulas.
EFFECTS OF RESIN AND WAX ON THE WATER UPTAKE BEHAVIOR OF WOOD STRANDS

Dimensional stability is an important property of wood composites. Both resin and wax are essential additives in the manufacture of composite panels such as OSB. Resin binds wood elements together while wax acts as a water repellent. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of phenolformaldehyde resin and emulsion wax on the water uptake behaviors of commercial southern yellow pine strands using a wicking test. During the test, the water uptake amounts of strands blended with different resin and wax levels were recorded continuously. The effects of different factors on water uptake behaviors of strands were analyzed with ANOVA. The results indicated that resin level, wax content, grain direction, and strand density had significant effects on water uptake behaviors of strands. Lower resin level and wax content led to a rapider water uptake rate during the early stage of the wicking test and a larger total amount of water absorbed at the end of test. Water uptake behavior along parallel-to-grain direction differed from that perpendicular-to-grain direction, and strands with higher density tended to have relatively lower total water uptake amount.
SERUM FOLATE AND VITAMIN B12 LEVELS IN PREGNANCY WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO UTERINE BLEEDING AND BACTERIURIA

A GOOD correlation was found between abnormal folic acid clearance tests during pregnancy and the rate of growth of the foetus and uterus (Chanarin et al., 1959). Following the establishment of a satisfactory method of estimating serum folate content (Davis and Kelly, 1962), it was decided to investigate serum folate concentration in pregnancy with particular reference to its relationship to foetal weight, uterine bleeding and bacteriuria. The serum vitamin B12 concentration was measured simultaneously.
Lenalidomide in multiple myeloma: current experimental and clinical data

Lenalidomide (LEN) is a structural analogue of Thalidomide and is currently considered a promising compound among immunomodulatory drugs. Following the demonstration of its potent anti‐angiogenic, anti‐inflammatory, and antineoplastic effects in preclinical models, LEN has emerged as an interesting option for the management of selective hematologic malignancies and may also have a possible role in certain solid tumors as well. It is currently approved in the second‐line therapy of multiple myeloma (MM) as well as in myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by 5q minus abnormalities. LEN has been found to be effective in the treatment of both of these conditions and to possess a manageable toxicity profile. In MM, a number of ongoing clinical trials are defining its role in the treatment of newly diagnosed disease as well as in maintenance therapy. Combination approaches pretransplant have shown great promise. Its role in the management of relapsed and refractory disease is now well established. Its long‐term tolerability profile appears favorable although an increased risk in new malignancies in patients receiving LEN as maintenance post‐stem cell transplant warrants some caution, with follow‐up studies being important in determining the long‐term implications of this observation.
Impedance-Source Networks for Electric Power Conversion Part II: Review of Control and Modulation Techniques

Impedance-source networks cover the entire spectrum of electric power conversion applications (dc-dc, dc-ac, ac-dc, ac-ac) controlled and modulated by different modulation strategies to generate the desired dc or ac voltage and current at the output. A comprehensive review of various impedance-source-network-based power converters has been covered in a previous paper and main topologies were discussed from an application point of view. Now Part II provides a comprehensive review of the most popular control and modulation strategies for impedance-source network-based power converters/inverters. These methods are compared in terms of theoretical complexity and performance, when applied to the respective switching topologies. Further, this paper provides as a guide and quick reference for researchers and practicing engineers in deciding which control and modulation method to consider for an application in a given topology at a certain power level, switching frequency and demanded dynamic response.
First Serologic Evidence of Human Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis in Korea

ABSTRACT To investigate the prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsioses in Korea, a serosurvey of Japanese spotted fever rickettsiosis in patients with acute febrile illness was conducted with an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Overall, 19.88% of the patients were found to have polyvalent antibody against Rickettsia japonica. This study is the first documentation of spotted fever group rickettsiosis in Korea.
Young Adult Oncology: The Patients and Their Survival Challenges

One in every 168 Americans develops invasive cancer between age 15 to 30 years. During this age interval, cancer is unique in the distribution of types that occur and rarely related to either environmental carcinogens, a recognizable inherited predisposition, or a family cancer syndrome. Patients in this age group have the lowest rate of health insurance coverage, frequent delays in diagnosis, and the lowest accrual to clinical trials. Their psychosocial needs are unique and generally less well attended to than in any other age group. Despite an intrinsically equal ability to tolerate chemotherapy, older adolescents and young adults frequently receive lower dose intensities than do younger patients, and at times less than in older patients. Whereas the 15‐ to 29‐year age group once had a better overall survival rate than either younger or older patients, a relative lack of progress has resulted in the majority of cancers in the age group having a worse overall survival rate than in younger patients, and several of these having a worse prognosis than in older patients. Against this background, young adults with cancer have unique survival challenges—medically, psychosocially, and economically—that are now beginning to be appreciated and addressed with a national initiative.
The importance of airborne algae and protozoa.

Membrane filters, bubblers, and exposed culture media were used to sample viable algae and protozoa from the atmosphere in Michigan, Texas, and North Carolina from 1956 to 1967. Aerial algae and protozoa were most abundant and diverse in North Central Texas, 0 - 8 cells/ft3, less abundant and diverse in Michigan, 0-1.8 cells/ft3, and least abundant in Coastal North Carolina, less than 0.41 cells/ft3. Other significant research from 1910 to 1968 is reviewed. A total of 187 taxa of algae and protozoa has been sampled and cultured through this period. The importance of airborne algae and protozoa to man is shown as related to allergies, radioactivity, clogging of air filters, an aid in determining the origin of hurricanes and other storms and adding to our understanding of the dispersal of these microorganisms throughout the world.
Mechanisms of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in sea urchin embryos

Sea urchin mesenchyme is composed of the large micromere-derived spiculogenetic primary mesenchyme cells (PMC), veg2-tier macromere-derived non-spiculogenetic mesenchyme cells, the small micromere-derived germ cells, and the macro- and mesomere-derived neuronal mesenchyme cells. They are formed through the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and possess multipotency, except PMCs that solely differentiate larval spicules. The process of EMT is associated with modification of epithelial cell surface property that includes loss of affinity to the apical and basal extracellular matrices, inter-epithelial cell adherens junctions and epithelial cell surface-specific proteins. These cell surface structures and molecules are endocytosed during EMT and utilized as initiators of cytoplasmic signaling pathways that often initiate protein phosphorylation to activate the gene regulatory networks. Acquisition of cell motility after EMT in these mesenchyme cells is associated with the expression of proteins such as Lefty, Snail and Seawi. Structural simplicity and genomic database of this model will further promote detailed EMT research.
The problems of eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA packaging and in vivo conformation posed by superhelix density heterogeneity.

Systems for gel electrophoresis in the presence of one of the intercalative unwinding ligands, ethidium or chloroquine, have been developed which permit the resolution of highly supercoiled closed circular DNA molecules differing by unit values of the topological winding number, alpha. All native closed circular DNAs examined, including the viral and intracellular forms of SV40 and polyoma DNA, bacterial plasmid DNAs, and the double stranded closed circular DNA genome of the marine bacteriophage, PM2, are more heterogeneous with respect to the number of superhelical turns present than are the thermal distributions observed in the limit products of the action of nicking-closing (N-C) enzyme on the respective DNAs. In the cases of SV40 and polyoma, where it has been shown that the supercoiling is a combined consequence of the binding of the four nucleosomal histones, H2a, H2b, H3 and H4, and the action of N-C enzyme, the breadth of the distributions within the form I DNAs poses specific problems since the work of other laboratories indicates that the number of nucleosomes on the respective minichromosomes falls within a narrow distribution of 21. If it is assumed that all nucleosomes have identical structures, and that the DNA within a nucleosome is not free to rotate, the native DNA would be anticipated to be less heterogeneous than the thermal equilibrium mixtures present in N-C enzyme relaxed SV40 and polyoma DNAs. The absolute number of superhelical turns (at 37 degrees C in 0.2 M NaCl) in virion polyoma DNA has been determined to be 26 +/- 1, which is the same value obtained for virion SV40 DNA. This is consistent with the observations that polyoma DNA has a higher molecular weight, a lower superhelix density, but the same number of nucleosomes as SV40 DNA. In addition, the distributions within the virion and intracellular form I DNAs of both SV40 and polyoma were found to be indistinguishable.Images
Antialiasing Encoder Interface With Sub-Nyquist Sampling

A technique is presented for reconstructing absolute position or angle from time-sampled outputs of incremental encoders. Unlike existing techniques, the new method is able to track analog quadrature outputs with frequency contents higher than the Nyquist frequency. The algorithm is described in detail, and both the existing and new methods are tested using a linear position sensor and a high-speed hydraulic actuator. The results from these tests demonstrate aliasing and incorrect tracking for the existing algorithm and correct tracking for the new algorithm. The technique is an excellent complement to resolution-enhancing encoder interfaces that sample raw analog encoder outputs
A Novel Wide Beam Dual-band Dual-Polarization Stacked Microstrip - Dielectric Antenna

A novel dual-band dual-polarization stacked microstrip -dielectric antenna is analyzed and designed. It transmits left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) signals in L band and receives right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) signals in S band. The antenna has been realized by two stacked square patches which are fed by four quadrature pins placed symmetrically on the two main axis. The amplitude and phase relationship between the four pins to maintain circular polarization is obtained by two wide band 90deg hybrid couplers. It can easily realize matching by changing the position of feed points. In the experiment results, high isolation between transmission port and receiving port, wide 3-dB beamwidth and perfect circular polarization characteristics in the dual-band are obtained.
Fulminant amebic meningoencephalitis due to Acanthamoeba

A 57-year-old chronically immunosuppressed woman with systemic lupus erythematosus developed fulminant meningoencephalitis due to Acanthamoeba castellanii. Amebic trophozoites were also found in the lungs, suggesting a primary pulmonary focus of infection. This case illustrates that Acanthamoeba can cause a fulminant. rapidly fatal meningoencephalitis, as well as the previously reported chronic granulomatous meningoencephalitis.
Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Sepsis: A Review

Sepsis is very common and lethal. Sepsis is the leading cause of death in non-coronary Intensive Care Units, and the tenth leading cause of death overall. Red blood cell transfusion is one of the most commonly used interventions in the ICU to treat severe anemia, which often occurs in sepsis. Several problems were documented with RBC transfusions and will be reviewed, such as infection, pulmonary complications such as TRALI and Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload (TACO), Transfusion-Related Immunomodulation (TRIM) and multiorgan failure, and increased mortality. Most of these complications are partially explained by volume of the unit of blood as well as pathogenic factors of stored RBCs related to 2,3 BPG concentration, inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide, ATP concentration and RBC rheology, and RBC adhesion characteristics. These same factors are present in RBCs of septic patients as well. Until better evidence is available, a “restrictive” strategy of RBC transfusion (transfuse when Hb < 7 g/dL) is recommended except in acute hemorrhage, or in patients with acute myocardial ischemia when a hemoglobin trigger of 8 g/dl is reasonable.
Improved rat liver preservation by hypothermic continuous machine perfusion using polysol, a new, enriched preservation solution

For experimental machine perfusion (MP) of the liver, the modified University of Wisconsin solution (UW‐G) is most often used. In our search for an enriched MP preservation solution, Polysol was developed. Polysol is enriched with various amino acids, vitamins, and other nutrients for the liver metabolism. The aim of this study was to compare Polysol with UW‐G for MP preservation of the liver. Rat livers were preserved during 24 hours with hypothermic MP using UW‐G (n = 5) or Polysol (n = 5). Hepatocellular damage (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], alpha‐glutathione‐S‐transferase [alpha‐GST]) and bile production were measured during 60 minutes of reperfusion (37°C) with Krebs‐Henseleit buffer. Control livers were reperfused after 24 hours of cold storage in UW (n = 5). MP using UW‐G or Polysol showed less liver damage when compared with controls. Livers machine perfused with Polysol showed less enzyme release when compared to UW‐G. Bile production was higher after MP using either UW‐G or Polysol compared with controls. In conclusion, machine perfusion using Polysol results in better quality liver preservation than cold storage with UW and machine perfusion using UW‐G. (Liver Transpl 2005;11:539–546.)