Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The emerging role of minor intron splicing in neurological disorders

Pre-mRNA splicing is an essential step in eukaryotic gene expression. Mutations in cis-acting sequence elements within pre-mRNA molecules or trans-acting factors involved in pre-mRNA processing have both been linked to splicing dysfunction that give rise to a large number of human diseases. These mutations typically affect the major splicing pathway, which excises more than 99% of all introns in humans. However, approximately 700-800 human introns feature divergent intron consensus sequences at their 5' and 3' ends and are recognized by a separate pre-mRNA processing machinery denoted as the minor spliceosome. This spliceosome has been studied less than its major counterpart, but has received increasing attention during the last few years as a novel pathomechanistic player on the stage in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the current knowledge on minor spliceosome function and discuss its potential pathomechanistic role and impact in neurodegeneration.
A Novel and Robust Authentication Factor Based on Network Communications Latency

We propose a new authentication factor based on network round trip time (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $\rm {NRTT}$</tex-math></inline-formula>). We show how <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm {NRTT}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> can be used to uniquely and securely identify login locations and hence can support location-based web authentication mechanisms. The first research challenge is how to securely measure and verify <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm {NRTT}$</tex-math></inline-formula> to hamper potential forgery attempts. We address the first challenge by introducing a novel forwarding device in the path between the server and the client, dubbed delay mask (DM), which prevents any entity, but the server, from being able to measure the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm {NRTT}$</tex-math></inline-formula> for any client. The second research challenge is how to reliably measure <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm {NRTT}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> in the face of variable Internet latencies and connectivity conditions. The second challenge is addressed by: first, computing the average of a number of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm {NRTT}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> measurements after outlier removal; and second, applying multiple profiles per user through the deployment of multiple DMs in diverse geographical locations. We design a two-factor authentication scheme (dubbed AMAN) that uses legacy passwords as a first factor and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm {NRTT}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> as a second authentication factor. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate security-usability-deployability properties of AMAN and compare it with the state-of-the-art authentication mechanisms. The results show that AMAN achieves the best combination of these properties.
omegaUp : Cloud-Based Contest Management System and Training Platform in the Mexican Olympiad in Informatics

omegaUp is an open source cloud-based online contest and training platform for the Mexican Olympiad in Informatics. It is designed to be a robust, highly scalable, low cost and secure solution. To achieve our security goals, the platform leverages minijail, a modern and actively maintained sandbox from the ChromiumOS project with a good security track record as well as other features for grading task solutions reliably. Students can solve past and ongoing contests as well as training problems with live feedback. omegaUp also provides easy to use administrative features enabling users to upload tasks for automatic grading without staff assistance and create their own contests using any previously uploaded task. Since omegaUp’s launch 3 years ago, it has hosted more than 400 contests for both IOI training and ACM-like competitions, graded more than 100,000 submissions, and helped the Mexican Team achieve their best performance in the IOI finals to date.
Artificial Neural Network ( ANN )-based Crack Identification in Aluminum Plates with Lamb Wave Signals

An inverse analysis based on the artificial neural network technique is introduced for effective identification of crack damage in aluminum plates. The concepts of digital damage fingerprints and damage parameter database, which are prerequisites for neural network developing and training, are presented. Parameterized modeling for finite element analysis and an information mapping approach are applied to constitute the damage parameter database cost-effectively. The generalization performance of the neural network is examined by a process of ‘leave-one-out’ cross-validation and diverse factors are discussed, based on which the optimization of the neural network architecture is evaluated. The capability of this inverse approach is assessed by two crack cases from experiments, with good accuracy obtained in damage parameters (central position, size, and orientation).
Baseline evaluation of hospitalized patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease

A retrospective study on 52 Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease patients was performed, with the objective of identifying the initial characteristics of the patients according to registration files data, such as: clinical status, radiographic classification and physical examination. The outcomes noted were as follows: 22 patients (42%) reported the presence of pain and limping, 21 patients (40%) reported only pain, 2 patients (4%) reported only limping, and 7 patients (14%) reported no pain or limping. During evaluation for range of motion, we found the numerical description for 16 (31%) patients, 28 (54%) patients the decrease in the range of motion was just described, but no numerical value assigned,
The feedback of an HC HII region on its parental molecular core

Context. G24.78+0.08 is a well known high-mass star-forming region, where several molecular cores harboring OB young stellar objects are found inside a clump of size ≈1 pc. This article focuses on the most prominent of these cores, A1, where an intense hypercompact (HC) HII region has been discovered by previous observations. Aims. Our aim is to determine the physical conditions and the kinematics of core A1, and study the interaction of the HII region with the parental molecular core. Methods. We combine ALMA 1.4 mm high-angular resolution (≈0.′′2) observations of continuum and line emission with multi-epoch Very Long Baseline Interferometry data of water 22 GHz and methanol 6.7 GHz masers. These observations allow us to study the gas kinematics on linear scales from 10 to 104 au, and to accurately map the physical conditions of the gas over core A1. Results. The 1.4 mm continuum is dominated by free-free emission from the intense HC HII region (size ≈1000 au) observed to the North of core A1 (region A1N). Analyzing the H30α line, we reveal a fast bipolar flow in the ionized gas, covering a range of LSR velocities (VLSR) of ≈60 km s−1. The amplitude of the VLSR gradient, 22 km s−1 mpc−1, is one of the highest so far observed towards HC HII regions. Water and methanol masers are distributed around the HC HII region in A1N, and the maser three-dimensional (3D) velocities clearly indicate that the ionized gas is expanding at high speed (≥200 km s−1) into the surrounding molecular gas. The temperature distribution (in the range 100–400 K) over core A1, traced with molecular (CH3OCHO, 13CH3CN, 13CH3OH, and CH3CH2CN) transitions with level energy in the range 30 K ≤ Eu/k ≤ 300 K, reflects the distribution of shocks produced by the fast-expansion of the ionized gas of the HII region. The high-energy (550 K ≤ Eu/k ≤ 800 K) transitions of vibrationally excited CH3CN are likely radiatively pumped, and their rotational temperature can significantly differ from the kinetic temperature of the gas. Over core A1, the VLSR maps from both the 1.4 mm molecular lines and the 6.7 GHz methanol masers consistently show a VLSR gradient (amplitude ≈0.3 km s−1 mpc−1) directed approximately S–N. Rather than gravitationally supported rotation of a massive toroid, we interpret this velocity gradient as a relatively slow expansion of core A1.
Response to Reviewers Reviewer #1

“The paper presented a model of phytoplankton instantaneous acclimation (IA), FABM-NflexPD 2.0 (K21), which was further developed from its earlier version FABM-NflexPD 1.0 (K11). The K21 was extended from K11 to account for and conserve both C and N fluxes. The K21 was said might lower in computational costs compared to its DA (Dynamic Acclimation) variant due to less state variables. The K21 was then tested in 4 scenarios and its performance was compared to its DA variant. Response: To prevent confusion, we would like to clarify that the abbreviation K21 stands for the earlier version of the model that was described by Kerimoglu et al. 2021, whereas we refer to the new version described by this current manuscript as K22. We will modify the opening paragraph of the Discussion to make this point clearer.
University of Birmingham Backdoors

Detecting backdoors is a diﬃcult task; automating that detection process is equally challenging. Evidence for these claims lie in both the lack of automated tooling, and the fact that the vast majority of real-world backdoors are still detected by labourious manual analysis. The term backdoor, casually used in both the literature and the media, does not have a concrete or rigorous deﬁnition. In this work we provide such a deﬁnition. Further, we present a framework for reasoning about backdoors through four key components, which allows them to be modelled succinctly and provides a means of rigorously deﬁning the process of their detection. Moreover, we introduce the notion of deniability in regard to backdoor implementations which permits reasoning about the attribution and accountability of backdoor implementers. We show our framework is able to model eleven, diverse, real-world backdoors, and one, more complex backdoor from the literature, and, in doing so, provides a means to reason about how they can be detected and their deniability. Further, we demonstrate how our framework can be used to decompose backdoor detection methodologies, which serves as a basis for developing future backdoor detection tools, and shows how current state-of-the-art approaches consider neither a sound nor complete model.
Reviewer Recommendation for Peer Review based on File Path Similarity : A Case Study of the Android Open Source Project (知能ソフトウェア工学)

Peer Review is regarded as an important quality assurance mechanism in Open Source Software (OSS) development. Every change and its impact need to be assessed by developers to assure the quality of software. For effective code review, experience and skilled reviewers are required. However, in OSS peer review process, there is no explicit policy for selecting appropriate reviewers among available developers. The manual selection of those reviewers can be a costly and time-consuming task. To ease developers in OSS peer review process, we propose a reviewer recommendation algorithm determining similarity of file paths. As a case study, we recommended reviewers for the Android Open Source Project (AOSP). For this case study, our proposed algorithm obtained an accuracy of 75% while a previous approach obtained an accuracy of 30%.
Automatic Readability Detection for Modern Standard Arabic

Automatic Readability Prediction for Modern Standard Arabic Jonathan Neil Forsyth Department of Linguistics and English Language, BYU Master of Arts Research for automatic readability prediction of text has increased in the last decade and has shown that various machine learning methods can effectively address this problem. Many researchers have applied machine learning to readability prediction for English, while Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) has received little attention. Here I describe a system which leverages machine learning to automatically predict the readability of MSA. I gathered a corpus comprising 179 documents that were annotated with the Interagency Language Roundtable (ILR) levels. Then, I extracted lexical and discourse features from each document. Finally, I applied the Tilburg Memory-Based Learning (TiMBL) machine learning system to read these features and predict the ILR level of each document using 10-fold cross validation for both 3-level and 5-level classification tasks and an 80/20 division for a 5-level classification task. I measured performance using the F-score. For 3-level and 5-level classifications my system achieved F-scores of 0.719 and 0.519 respectively. I discuss the implication of these results and the possibility of future development.
Biogeosciences Understanding why the volume of suboxic waters does not increase over centuries of global warming in an Earth System Model

Global warming is expected to reduce oxygen solubility and vertical exchange in the ocean, changes which would be expected to result in an increase in the volume of hypoxic waters. A simulation made with a full Earth System model with dynamical atmosphere, ocean, sea ice and biogeochemical cycling (the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory’s Earth System Model 2.1) shows that this holds true if the condition for hypoxia is set relatively high. However, the volume of the most hypoxic (i.e., suboxic) waters does not increase under global warming, as these waters actually become more oxygenated. We show that the rise in dissolved oxygen in the tropical Pacific is associated with a drop in ventilation time. A term-by-term analysis within the least oxygenated waters shows an increased supply of dissolved oxygen due to lateral diffusion compensating an increase in remineralization within these highly hypoxic waters. This lateral diffusive flux is the result of an increase of ventilation along the Chilean coast, as a drying of the region under global warming opens up a region of wintertime convection in our model. The results highlight the potential sensitivity of suboxic waters to changes in subtropical ventilation as well as the importance of constraining lateral eddy transport of dissolved oxygen in such waters.
An integrated approach for the evaluation of technological hazard impacts on air quality: the case of the Val d'Agri oil/gas plant

The Val d'Agri area (southern Italy) hosts one of the biggest onshore European reservoir and the largest oil/gas pre-treatment plant, named Centro Olio Val d'Agri (COVA), located in a rural/anthropized context. Several haz- ards are associated with this plant. These are mainly repre- sented by possible impacts of the COVA atmospheric emis- sions on the local air quality and human health. This work uses a novel approach based on the integration of air quality measurements from the regional monitoring network, addi- tional experimental measurements (i.e. sub-micrometre par- ticulate matter (PM1) and black carbon (BC)) and advanced statistical analyses to provide a preliminary evaluation of the Val d'Agri air quality state and give some indication of spe- cific areas potentially affected by COVA hazards. Results show that the COVA plant emissions have a particular impact on the air quality of the area closest to it. In this area sev- eral pollutants specifically related to the COVA combustion processes (i.e. nitrogen oxides, benzene and toluene) show the highest concentration values and significant correlations. The proposed approach represents a first step in the assess- ment of the risks associated with oil/gas exploration and pre- treatment activities and a starting point for the development of effective and exportable air quality monitoring strategies.
Caracterización del hostigamiento y acoso sexual, denuncia y atención recibida por estudiantes universitarios mexicanos

El hostigamiento y acoso sexual (HAS) son expresiones de violencia contempladas en la agenda de investigación-acción de la educación superior, ante la necesidad de generar mecanismos para su prevención y atención. Este artículo analiza la respuesta de estudiantes ante la vivencia de HAS e identifica las razones para no denunciar; en caso de haber denunciado, describe la calidad del servicio de la autoridad universitaria. Se realizaron dos fases metodológicas. La primera fue cuantitativa mediante una encuesta en línea, en que participó una muestra intencional de 2.070 estudiantes (43,2% hombres y 56,8% mujeres). En la segunda, de corte cualitativo fenomenológico, mediante grupos focales y entrevistas, participaron cuatro estudiantes que han vivido HAS, 17 directivos(as) universitarios(as) y 13 integrantes del Programa de Género Universitario. Se reportaron 1.149 eventos de HAS. La mayoría de quienes vivieron HAS decidieron no contárselo a nadie, solo el 2% denunció a una autoridad escolar. El 63% no denunció por considerar el evento como algo sin importancia. De quienes denunciaron, el 44% señaló que las autoridades no hicieron nada. Los resultados se discuten en términos de los obstáculos de género, políticos y socioculturales que existen en la universidad, en materia de atención, sanción y prevención de la problemática.
Chapter 11 Staphylococcus Biofilms

The majority of staphylococci produce biofilm on medical devices, which is the main mechanism to infect humans. Staphylococcal biofilms attach to abiotic or biotic surfaces, forming aggregates and protecting themselves against the immune system and the antimicrobial compounds of the host. Few studies on biofilm formation mechanism in Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) have been performed; however, there is a great interest in studying and controlling biofilm formation of this genus. This chapter exhibits the state of the art on biofilm formation in S. epidermidis and other staphylococcal species. The main goal of this chapter is to recognize the importance of biofilm formation in Staphylococcus. The participating molecules in staphylococcal biofilm formation are described. Currently, biofilm producer strains of Staphylococcus and mainly CNS have been frequently isolated at hospitals, causing significant economic losses. This chapter includes promising solutions in order to prevent medical device-associated infections, as the development of medical devices possessing anti-biofilm materials or surfaces that act against the adhesion or viability of the microorganisms.
Far-infrared bands in plasmonic metal-insulator-metal absorbers optimized for long-wave infrared

Metal-insulator-metal (MIM) resonant absorbers comprise a conducting ground plane, a dielectric of thickness t, and thin separated metal top-surface structures of dimension l. The fundamental resonance wavelength is predicted by an analytic standing-wave model based on t, l, and the dielectric refractive index spectrum. For the dielectrics SiO_2, AlN, and TiO_2, values for l of a few microns give fundamental resonances in the 8–12 µm long-wave infrared (LWIR) wavelength region. Agreement with theory is better for t/l exceeding 0.1. Harmonics at shorter wavelengths were already known, but we show that there are additional resonances in the far-infrared 20–50 µm wavelength range in MIM structures designed to have LWIR fundamental resonances. These new resonances are consistent with the model if far-IR dispersion features in the index spectrum are considered. LWIR fundamental absorptions are experimentally shown to be optimized for a ratio t/l of 0.1 to 0.3 for SiO_2- and AlN-based MIM absorbers, respectively, with TiO_2-based MIM optimized at an intermediate ratio.
Folksonomy-Based Information Retrieval in Context-aware Environment

Summary The Web 2.0 approach has revolutionized the way we use the information system. An essential part of Web 2.0 is folksonomy. Most folksonomy-based systems do not consider new breed of context-aware retrieval. It requires the new convergence of folksonomy-based information retrieval and context-aware systems.We propose a folksonomy-based information retrieval in context-aware environment. We describe the procedure and some experiments are performed. The experiments show our method outperform other approaches. Our proposed method is an effective information retrieval method in folksonomy-based context information retrieval.
Criteria for wind farm noise: Lmax and Lden

Wind turbine noise limits are based on either the highest sound immission level (Lmax) or several sound immission levels for a series of wind speed classes (Lmax,v). As yet no procedure has been proposed to determine the day‐evening‐night sound level (Lden) that is now commonly used in the European Union for all noise sources. Wind speed dependent rating wind turbine noise levels Lr,v can be predicted based on climatological data. This has been verified by measurements over a nine month period for a wind farm at a coastal location in the Netherlands. From these measurements also the long term average sound level Lden can be determined. Lden can also be determined from previously published wind speed measurements at an inland location over one year. The procedure shows that for a wind turbine or wind farm the Lden can be derived from Lmax by taking into account the regional climatology.
Guideline on clinical investigation of medicinal products for the treatment of acute heart failure

Draft agreed by Efficacy Working Party July 2003 Adoption by CHMP for release for consultation July 2003 End of consultation (deadline for comments) January 2004 Agreed by Efficacy Working Party April 2004 Adoption by CHMP July 2004 Date of coming into effect January 2005 Draft Agreed by Cardiovascular Working Party June 2012 Adoption by CHMP for release for consultation 20 September 2012 Start of consultation 15 October 2012 End of consultation (deadline for comments) 15 April 2013 Agreed by Cardiovascular Working Party April 2015 Adopted by CHMP 21 May 2015 Date for coming into effect 1 December 2015
STUDY AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTI-CRITERION AUTHENTICATION APPROACH TO SECURE MOBILE PAYMENT SYSTEM

Mobile payment (m-payment) is a new and alternative payment mechanism over traditional means of payment like cash, cheque etc. Due to large acceptance of mobile devices users have started using online services such as banking, purchasing etc by their mobile devices. So in commerce related services user can make payment anywhere and anytime. Various security issues are also identif ied related to mobile payment authentication like user identity theft, virus and man-in-middle attack. Authentication techniques presently available are not adequate to secure financial transaction using mobile devices since they are based on user Id -password approach and only one party who is using the service is validated. Authentication scheme for financial services using mobile devices i s highly valuable in terms of security. To protect against identified security threats related to authentication system for mo bile payment service, an approach is suggested, use of multiple criteria at multiple levels as authentication keys during the transaction process. I have studied related approaches, added new criteria of authentication, implemented and analyzed this agains t security issues related to user privacy protection.