Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Good + Bad = ? Developmental Differences in Balancing Gains and Losses in Value-Based Decisions From Memory.

Value-based decisions often involve comparisons between benefits and costs that must be retrieved from memory. To investigate the development of value-based decisions, 9- to 10-year olds (N = 30), 11- to 12-year olds (N = 30), and young adults (N = 30) first learned to associate gain and loss magnitudes with symbols. In a subsequent decision task, participants rapidly evaluated objects that consisted of combinations of these symbols. All age groups achieved high decision performance and were sensitive to gain-loss magnitudes, suggesting that required core cognitive abilities are developed early. A cognitive-modeling analysis of performance revealed that children were less efficient in object evaluation (drift rate) and had longer nondecision times than adults. Developmental differences, which emerged particularly for objects of high positive net value, were linked to mnemonic and numerical abilities.
Termite Communities along A Disturbance Gradient in a West African Savanna

Termites are important ecosystem engineers, crucial for the maintenance of tropical biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. But they are also pests which cause billions of dollars in damage annually to humans. Currently, our understanding of the mechanisms influencing species occurrences is limited and we do not know what distinguishes pest from non-pest species. We analyzed how anthropogenic disturbance (agriculture) affects species occurrences. We tested the hypothesis that strong disturbance functions as a habitat filter and selects for a subset of species which are major pests of crop. Using a cross-sectional approach, we studied termite community composition along a disturbance gradient from fields to 12-year-old fallows in a West African savanna. We reliably identified 19 species using genetic markers with a mean of about 10 species - many of them from the same feeding type - co-occurring locally. Supporting our hypothesis, disturbance was associated with environmental filtering of termites from the regional species pool, maybe via its effect on vegetation type. The most heavily disturbed sites were characterized by a subset of termite species which are well-known pests of crop. This is in line with the idea that strong anthropogenic disturbance selects for termite pest species.
Implementation of a mental health consumer academic position: Benefits and challenges

PURPOSE Academic positions for consumers of mental health services remain rare despite positive evaluation. This paper considers the benefits and challenges of a consumer academician position, from perspectives of stakeholders involved in the implementation. DESIGN AND METHODS Qualitative, exploratory involving in-depth interviews with academicians. Thematic analysis identified the main benefits and challenges. FINDINGS Benefits identified included lived experience perspective and facilitates interaction and reflection; demonstrating recovery and promoting person centered care. Challenges identified included process, too close to home, and too little too late. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Enhanced understanding of consumer academician positions could increase effectiveness and maximize educational opportunity.
Docking simulation and antibiotic discovery targeting the MlaC protein in Gram‐negative bacteria

To maintain the lipid asymmetry of the cell envelope in Gram‐negative bacteria, the MlaC protein serves as a lipid transfer factor and delivers phospholipids from the outer to the inner membrane. A strategy of antibiotic discovery is to design a proper compound that can tightly bind to the MlaC protein and inhibit the MlaC function. In this study, we performed virtual screening on multiple MlaC structures obtained from molecular dynamics simulations to identify potential MlaC binders. Our results suggested that clorobiocin is a compound that could bind to the MlaC protein. Through the comparison of the bound geometry between clorobiocin and novobiocin, we pointed out that the methyl‐pyrrole group of the noviose sugar in clorobiocin forms hydrophobic interactions with amino acids in the phospholipid binding pocket, which allows the compound to bind deep in the active site. This also explains why clorobiocin shows a tighter binding affinity than novobiocin. Our study highlights a practical path of antibiotic development against Gram‐negative bacteria.
Physical epistatic landscape of antibody binding affinity

Affinity maturation produces antibodies that bind antigens with high specificity by accumulating mutations in the antibody sequence. Mapping out the antibody-antigen affinity landscape can give us insight into the accessible paths during this rapid evolutionary process. By developing a carefully controlled null model for noninteracting mutations, we characterized epistasis in affinity measurements of a large library of antibody variants obtained by Tite-Seq, a recently introduced Deep Mutational Scan method yielding physical values of the binding constant. We show that representing affinity as the binding free energy minimizes epistasis. Yet, we find that epistatically interacting sites contribute substantially to binding. In addition to negative epistasis, we report a large amount of beneficial epistasis, enlarging the space of high-affinity antibodies as well as their mutational accessibility. These properties suggest that the degeneracy of antibody sequences that can bind a given antigen is enhanced by epistasis — an important property for vaccine design.
Efficacy of infliximab as a switched biologic in rheumatoid arthritis patients in daily clinical practice

Abstract To assess the efficacy and safety of switching to infliximab (IFX) from other biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) among Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in daily practice. We examined 24 consecutive RA patients who had not achieved low disease activity (LDA) as the disease activity score-28 for rheumatoid arthritis with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) despite previous bDMARD therapy in this cohort study. We attempted to determine predictive variables that are associated with achieving DAS28-ESR LDA at 22 weeks post-IFX introduction, by performing univariate analysis. The median DAS28-ESR at baseline was 5.41. Sixteen patients (66.7%) had been treated with a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNF-i), and the other eight patients (33.3%) received a non-TNF-i (abatacept or tocilizumab). Nine patients (37.5%) achieved LDA or remission at 22 weeks. Univariate analyses showed that the variable to predict LDA achievement at 22 weeks was tender joints (>8 counts) at baseline (adjusted odds ratio, 0.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.01–0.63; p = .02). Nine adverse events were observed during the study period, and infection requiring hospitalization was observed in one patient. Switching to IFX is effective to achieve LDA or remission for RA patients refractory to bDMARDs.
Tonight's Sleep Predicts Tomorrow's Fatigue: A Daily Diary Study of Long-Term Care Employees With Nonwork Caregiving Roles.

Background and Objectives Long-term care employees and employees with nonwork caregiving roles are at high risk for sleep problems and fatigue. Little is known, however, about relationships between sleep and fatigue among long-term care employees who occupy nonwork caregiving roles. This study examined whether longer sleep duration and better sleep quality reduce fatigue occurrence and severity within and between long-term care employees with nonwork caregiving roles, and investigated nonwork caregiving role occupancy as a moderator of these relationships. Research Design and Methods The sample comprised 166 women working in U.S.-based nursing homes. All women had children aged 9-17 years and some also had nonwork caregiving responsibilities for adult relatives. Sleep (duration and quality) and fatigue (occurrence and severity) were assessed via telephone interviews for eight consecutive evenings. Multilevel modeling was used to examine within-person and between-person associations. Results At the within-person level, nights characterized by longer-than-usual sleep duration or better-than-usual sleep quality were followed by days with lower odds of reporting fatigue; these same sleep characteristics predicted less severe next-day fatigue. At the between-person level, employees with better average sleep quality, but not longer sleep duration, had lower odds of experiencing fatigue. Relationships between sleep and fatigue were generally similar regardless of nonwork caregiving responsibilities for children or for both children and adults. Discussion and Implications Findings suggest that tonight's sleep predicts tomorrow's fatigue. Given the serious and wide-ranging consequences of fatigue, sleep constitutes a worthwhile intervention target with potential benefits for employees, care recipients, and organizations.
The transformation of health care for patients: Information and communication technology, digiceuticals, and digitally enabled care

ABSTRACT The way patients access care and interact with health care systems is rapidly changing through the use of information and communication technology (ICT). Health care is being transformed through digital innovations, such as wearable technology, remote monitoring, patient portals, mobile applications (apps), and new service models such as telemedicine and virtual visits. Through a review of the current literature, this article presents the use of digitally enabled tools and ICT, including electronic health records, telehealth, remote patient monitoring, and mobile health apps. These effective and innovative digitally enabled tools have expanded options for patients interested in actively engaging in their own health. Information and communication technology can improve health outcomes, enhance the patient experience, and curtail costs. Providers must stay fluent with ICT options to best collaborate with patients. Although providers recognize that patient-centered care can improve effectiveness and efficiency, many have been slow to incorporate digital therapeutics, or “digiceuticals,” into practice.
Over-Expression of βII-Tubulin and Especially Its Localization in Cell Nuclei Correlates with Poorer Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer

Tubulin is a heterodimer of α and β subunits, both existing as isotypes differing in amino acid sequence encoded by different genes. Specific isotypes of tubulin have associations with cancer that are not well understood. Previous studies found that βII-tubulin is expressed in a number of transformed cells and that this isotype is found in cell nuclei in non-microtubule form. The association of βII expression and its nuclear localization with cancer progression has not previously been addressed. We here used a monoclonal antibody to βII to examine patients with colorectal cancer and found that patients whose tumors over-express βII have a greatly decreased life expectancy which is even shorter in those patients with nuclear βII. Our results suggest that βII-tubulin may facilitate cancer growth and metastasis and, to accomplish this, may not need to be in microtubule form. Furthermore, βII expression and localization could be a useful prognostic marker. We also found that βII appears in the nuclei of otherwise normal cells adjacent to the tumor. It is possible therefore that cancer cells expressing βII influence nearby cells to do the same and to localize βII in their nuclei by an as yet uncharacterized regulatory pathway.
From knowledge translation theory to practice: developing an evidence to care hub in a pediatric rehabilitation setting

Abstract Purpose: Ensuring evidence-informed care happens systematically and consistently is not easy in complex health facilities. This paper describes the evolution of knowledge translation infrastructure (Evidence to Care) within a pediatric rehabilitation hospital to address barriers to evidence-informed decision-making and accelerate research uptake to influence clinical care. Methods: Development of Evidence to Care involved a series of steps integrating knowledge translation principles, best evidence and stakeholder needs. Key aspects included: recognizing health system drivers and organizational enablers; establishing organizational structures and processes; building and operationalizing a strategic vision through activities and demonstration projects; and evaluating impact. Results: By way of a fully realized working model, two large-scale demonstration projects aligned with the Knowledge-to-Action Cycle have been completed. Audit findings demonstrate tangible examples of improving healthcare quality through investment in knowledge translation resources, processes and tailored evidence products. Critical enablers of this infrastructure include strong leadership commitment and ongoing direction, a dedicated expert team, alignment with strategic priorities and situated within organizational structures to link research, clinical care and education. Conclusions: With a replicable model, Evidence to Care addresses established health system barriers related to time, resources, skill and knowledge through dedicated knowledge translation specialists and knowledge brokers to facilitate knowledge translation practice. Implications for rehabilitation Developing dedicated knowledge translation infrastructure is both novel and relatively new in healthcare. Sharing step by step processes helps other organizations learn from field-tested experiences of what works and what doesn’t in a particular setting. Involving stakeholders at all levels of an organization is key to valuing knowledge translation and fostering an evidence-friendly culture. Co-creating tailored knowledge products and planning for dissemination and uptake fosters inter-disciplinary collaboration and joint problem-solving among clients, families and providers.
A mindful model of sexual health: A review and implications of the model for the treatment of individuals with compulsive sexual behavior disorder

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mindfulness-based approaches, derived from centuries of eastern philosophy and practice, have been increasingly incorporated into western medicine. For example, data support the efficacy of mindfulness-based therapies to reduce stress and promote mental health. METHODS In this study, we briefly review models and approaches to sexual health in the context of considering compulsive sexual behavior disorder, describe mindfulness-based approaches to stress, addiction, and compulsive sexual behaviors, and present a Mindful Model of Sexual Health (MMSH) that incorporates elements of eastern and western philosophies. We further illustrate the clinical utility of the MMSH in a clinical case description. RESULTS We propose the MMSH as a holistic and integrative model that honors and acknowledges individual differences and provides mindfulness-based tools and practices to support individuals to proactively manage, balance, and promote sexual and mental health. The MMSH may be used as a framework to organize information regarding physical, mental, emotional, sexual, and relational health, as well as a conceptual map offering navigational skills to access information within one's mind/body to make informed decisions to promote well-being regarding sexual satisfaction and health. In its organizational structure, the MMSH is divided into eight domains that are theoretically linked to biological functions and may be used to identify and overcome barriers to sexual health through mindful inquiries in clinical practice or educational settings. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Given its focus on awareness of interoceptive processes through mind/body connectedness, the MMSH may resonate with a wide range of individuals, including those with compulsive sexual behavior disorder.
3D Bioprinted In Vitro Metastatic Models via Reconstruction of Tumor Microenvironments

The development of 3D in vitro models capable of recapitulating native tumor microenvironments could improve the translatability of potential anticancer drugs and treatments. Here, 3D bioprinting techniques are used to build tumor constructs via precise placement of living cells, functional biomaterials, and programmable release capsules. This enables the spatiotemporal control of signaling molecular gradients, thereby dynamically modulating cellular behaviors at a local level. Vascularized tumor models are created to mimic key steps of cancer dissemination (invasion, intravasation, and angiogenesis), based on guided migration of tumor cells and endothelial cells in the context of stromal cells and growth factors. The utility of the metastatic models for drug screening is demonstrated by evaluating the anticancer efficacy of immunotoxins. These 3D vascularized tumor tissues provide a proof‐of‐concept platform to i) fundamentally explore the molecular mechanisms of tumor progression and metastasis, and ii) preclinically identify therapeutic agents and screen anticancer drugs.
Catechins enhance skeletal muscle performance

Abstract Muscle-related disorders, such as sarcopenia and cachexia, caused by aging and chronic diseases can lead to the loss of muscle mass and strength to different degrees, severely affecting human health. Globally, tea is one of the three most popular beverages, and its major active ingredient catechins have been reported to delay muscular atrophy and enhance movement. However, currently, there is no systematic review to elaborate its roles and the associated mechanisms. This article reviews the (1) functions and mechanisms of catechins in the differentiation of myogenic stem cells, biogenesis of mitochondria, synthesis and degradation of proteins, regulation of glucose level, and metabolism of lipids in muscle cells; and (2) effect of catechins on the blood vessels, bones, and nerves that are closely related to the skeletal muscles. Catechins could prevent, mitigate, delay, and even treat muscle-related disorders caused by aging and diseases.
Coronary Artery Calcium on Noncontrast Thoracic Computerized Tomography Scans and All-Cause Mortality.

Author(s): Budoff, Matthew J; Lutz, Sharon M; Kinney, Gregory L; Young, Kendra A; Hokanson, John E; Barr, R Graham; Steiner, Robert; Nath, Hrudaya; Lopez-Garcia, Carmen; Duca, Lindsey M; Rahmani, Sina; Osawa, Kazuhiro; Regan, Elizabeth A; Li, Dong; Casaburi, Richard
Design of V-Band CMOS Low-Noise Amplifier and Mixer with Integrated Transformers

A V-band low-noise amplifier (LNA) and mixer with integrated transformers are proposed and demonstrated in a 90-nm CMOS technology. The transformer configurations are analyzed and designed with the orientations that optimize the transimpedance in the LNA design, and enhance the voltage or current gain in the mixer. In high-gain and low-power modes respectively, the designed LNA shows gains of 24.4 and 20.6 dB among wide 3-dB bandwidths of 11 GHz with lowest noise figures (NF) of 6.4 and 6.2 dB. In the low-power mode, the LNA consumes only 11.5 mW, on the low side compared to the state-of-the-arts. The designed mixer shows a conversion gain of 3.2 dB and $\mathbf{P}_{\pmb{1}\mathbf{d}\mathbf{B}}$ of -1 dBm.
Towards Precise Vehicle-Free Point Cloud Mapping: An On-vehicle System with Deep Vehicle Detection and Tracking

While 3D LiDAR has become a common practice for more and more autonomous driving systems, precise 3D mapping and robust localization is of great importance. However, current 3D map is always noisy and unreliable due to the existence of moving objects, leading to worse localization. In this paper, we propose a general vehicle-free point cloud mapping framework for better on-vehicle localization. For each laser scan, vehicle points are detected, tracked and then removed. Simultaneously, 3D map is reconstructed by registering each vehicle-free laser scan to global coordinate based on GPS/INS data. Instead of direct 3D object detection from point cloud, we first detect vehicles from RGB images using the proposed YVDN. In case of false or missing detection, which may result in the existence of vehicles in the map, we propose the K-Frames forward-backward object tracking algorithm to link detection from neighborhood images. Laser scan points falling into the detected bounding boxes are then removed. We conduct our experiments on the Oxford RobotCar Dataset and show the qualitative results to validate the feasibility of our vehicle-free 3D mapping system. Besides, our vehicle-free mapping system can be generalized to any autonomous driving system equipped with LiDAR, camera and/or GPS.
Payment Type Classification on Urban Taxi Big Data using Deep Learning Neural Network

Taxi service as a reliable means of public transportation is a public need. Classification of payment types is performed on New York City Yellow Taxi Trip Open Data that considered as big data and there is a number of unlabelled data greater than the number of labeled training data was situated. We used the framework namely learning from unlabelled data (lfun) and deep learning neural network as the classifier to address the classification problem. Experimentation to find out the better performance of using lfun was conducted. We achieved the f-measure average value reaching 0.725 for classification using the lfun framework.
2D Gabor-Based Sparse Representation Classification for Hyperspectral Imagery

Sparse representation-based classification (SRC) is a powerful classifier which has successfully been applied to hyperspectral imagery (HSI). Considering the rich information of spatial structure of materials in HSI, that means the adjacent pixels belong to the same class with a high probability. In this paper, a superpixel-level 2D Gabor based Sparse Representation Classification approach (abbreviated as SP-Gabor) has been proposed for hyperspectral image classification. Firstly, a set of predefined two-dimensional (2D) Gabor filters are applied to hyperspectral images to extract sufficient features. Meanwhile, a classic superpixel segmentation method, called simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC), is adopted to divide the original hyperspectral image into disjoint superpixels. Secondly, the Sparse Representation Classification (SRC) is applied on the combined 2D Gabor feature cube. Finally, the superpixel map obtained by SLIC is used to regularize the classification map. Extensive experiments on two real hyperspectral data sets have demonstrated higher performance of the proposed SP-Gabor approach over several state-of-the-art methods in the literature.
Automatic Synthesis via Tulip of an Autonomous Vehicle Controller Ensuring Collision Avoidance

An automated trajectory planning approach is presented in this work to incorporate the logical decision-making phase of a Cooperative Collision Avoidance (CCA) system and to avoid design errors caused by traditional methods. The linear temporal logic, which is an expressive language of temporal logic, is used to write specifications and automatically synthesize a logical controller strategy for a vehicle. This results in a specification-correct control automaton. The trajectory is represented by a sequence of acceptable states respecting the specification. This automaton is implemented using a controller which generates reference signals to be followed by the vehicle. The performance of this approach is tested using the so-called elk test.