Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La Modélisation des Données Haute Fréquence

La mise en place des systemes automatises de cotation autorise l'enregistrement en continu des transactions et des ordres. Aussi, les instants d'arrivee des evenements analyses doivent etre consideres comme aleatoires. Pour etudier les motifs de placement des ordres et les implications des theories de la microstructure des marches financiers, on a ete amene a considerer les aspects lies a la modelisation de durees issues de ces donnees haute frequence. Nous traitons aussi les cas ou on doit modeliser de facon jointe une duree et une caracteristique qui peut etre discrete, continue ou encore vectorielle. On peut avoir a modeliser des durees multiples. Ainsi, on peut etre amene a etudier la duree entre transactions successives et la duree entre les modifications des cotations. Nous ecrivons, alors, la vraisemblance en terme des fonctions de hasard des durees conditionnelles a l'ensemble du passe du processus et aux caracteristiques du marche. Ce conditionnement peut incorporer l'ensemble des evenements passes affectant les distributions conditionnelles des temps en avant.
Assessing the quality of a Consensus determined using a multi-level approach

The following paper investigates a multilevel approach to data integration using the widely accepted Consensus Theory. We focus on an issue related to an initial classification of raw input data into groups that can be integrated in parallel. A final consensus is a result of the integration of obtained partial outcomes. Our main research concerns an application of Fleiss' kappa value, which in the literature is a well known measure that describes how consonant the data in a selected set are. In other words - for a given set of values, the higher the value of this measure, the higher its inner consistency. Therefore, we have attempted to answer the question whether or not the initial data should be divided into coherent groups or into highly divergent subsets, that better represent the whole input. We present a theoretical background, broad description of a series of experiments that we have performed and their statistical analysis.
Follicular Development In Vitro

There has been tremendous interest in recent years in the culture of oocytes and follicles. Although much of the research using follicle culture aims to increase understanding of the regulation of follicle development, an important goal has been to develop a method that will eventually allow maturation of human oocytes from the primordial follicle to the mature Graafian stage. We are still some way from this at present, although it has now been achieved in the mouse. In this article, we consider various methods of follicle culture for primordial, preantral, and antral follicles. In vitro development of primordial follicles has used primarily whole ovaries or ovarian fragments as a source of follicles. Culture of later stages of follicle development uses mainly isolated follicular units, either whole (with an intact basement membrane and, in some cases, attached thecal cells) or nonintact (oocyte-somatic cell complexes, which may or may not have remnants of basement membranes and/or thecal cells attached).
Design of a JTAG based run time reconfigurable system

In the past few years, the concept of run-time reconfigurable (RTR) systems has received a great deal of attention. RTR is the ability for a system to change its hardware configuration while computing, to address changing bottlenecks. This paper proposes a practical and effective means of implementing RTR systems with widely available and proven FPGA technology that keeps most of the practical benefits of RTR at the system level.
MDR1 Gene Polymorphism and Outcome in Egyptian Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Patients

We investigated the relation between MDR-1 gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and treatment outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Two groups of patients were included: group 1 (resistant group) consists of 29 CML patients and responsive group (controls, group 2) consists of 25 CML patients of matched age and sex. For all patients, we measured BCR-ABL transcripts percent at diagnosis and 3 months thereafter and MDR-1 gene SNPs (C3435T and G2677T). All patients were followed up for 6 months. We found statistically significant difference in the frequency of C3435T genotype and combined C3435T and G2677T (CC&GG, CT&GT and TT&TT) between both groups as well as in the frequency of mutated type (CT&GT and TT&TT). So, these genotypes may help in early identification of CML patients not responding optimally to therapy and in planning CML individualized therapy. Larger patient population study is still needed to confirm these findings.
The influence of induction technique on intubating conditions 1 min after rocuronium administration: a comparison of a propofol‐ephedrine combination and propofol

We conducted a double blind, prospective, controlled trial comparing intubating conditions after induction with a propofol‐ephedrine combination or propofol alone, followed by rocuronium. One hundred adult patients were randomly assigned to receive either propofol 2.5 mg.kg−1 and ephedrine 15 mg in combination or propofol 2.5 mg.kg−1 given over 30 s, followed by rocuronium 0.6 mg.kg−1 given over 5 s. Tracheal intubation was performed 1 min later. Jaw relaxation, vocal cord position and diaphragmatic response were used to assess intubation conditions. Tracheal intubation was successful and acceptable in all patients. There was a significantly higher proportion of intubating conditions graded as ‘excellent’ in the propofol‐ephedrine group (84%) than in the propofol group (32%) (p < 0.0001). Vocal cord position and response to intubation were significantly better in the propofol‐ephedrine group, although jaw relaxation was similar. Mean arterial pressure was maintained at pre‐induction levels in the propofol‐ephedrine group. In conclusion, induction with propofol and ephedrine in combination provided significantly better intubating conditions than propofol alone, when followed by rocuronium.
The role of the antioxidant and longevity-promoting Nrf2 pathway in metabolic regulation

Purpose of reviewThe vertebrate cap'n'collar family transcription factor Nrf2 and its invertebrate homologues SKN-1 (in worms) and CncC (in flies) function as master mediators of antioxidant and detoxification responses and regulators of the cellular redox state. Nrf2 controls gene expression programs that defend various tissues against diverse electrophilic stressors and oxidative insults, thus protecting the organism from disorders that are caused or exacerbated by such stresses. Moreover, studies on model organisms implicate the Nrf2 pathway in the prevention of aging-related diseases and suggest that SKN-1-regulated and CncC-regulated gene expression can promote longevity. These facets of Nrf2 signaling have been thoroughly reviewed. This article discusses another aspect of the Nrf2 pathway's function that has not yet received the same degree of attention, but emerges as a topic of increasing interest and potential clinical impact: its role in metabolic regulation and its interaction with central signaling systems that respond to nutritional inputs. Recent findingsRecent evidence identifies Nrf2 signaling as a mediator of the salutary effects of caloric restriction. Nrf2 signaling also crosstalks with metabolic signaling systems such as the insulin/Akt pathway as well as with the metabolism of lipids. Moreover, Nrf2 has a protective role in models of diabetic nephropathy. SummaryThe emerging role of Nrf2 as an effector of metabolic and longevity signals offers new therapeutic perspectives. The potential impact of pharmacological manipulation of Nrf2 signaling as a strategy for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disease can be envisioned.
- 1-Searching Strategies for the Bulgarian Language

This paper reports on the underlying IR problems encountered when indexing and searching with the Bulgarian language. For this language we propose a general light stemmer and demonstrate that it can be quite effective, producing significantly better MAP (around + 34%) than an approach not applying stemming. We implement the GL2 model derived from the Divergence from Randomness paradigm and find its retrieval effectiveness better than other probabilistic, vector-space and language models. The resulting MAP is found to be about 50% better than the classical tf idf approach. Moreover, increasing the query size enhances the MAP by around 10% (from T to TD). In order to compare the retrieval effectiveness of our suggested stopword list and the light stemmer developed for the Bulgarian language, we conduct a set of experiments on another stopword list and also a more complex and aggressive stemmer. Results tend to indicate that there is no statistically significant difference between these variants and our suggested approach. This paper evaluates other indexing strategies such as 4-gram indexing and indexing based on the automatic decompounding of compound words. Finally, we analyze certain queries to discover why we obtained poor results, when indexing Bulgarian documents using the suggested word-based approach.
Gradual Retirement in Europe

Genevieve Reday-Mulvey is coordinator of the programonWork and Retirement, The Four Pillars, at the Geneva Association (International Association for the Study of Insurance Economics), launched in 1987 with the aim of proposing solutions to the challenge of population aging. She set up an international network on gradual retirement and, in 1996, edited the book Gradual Retirement in the OECD Countries: Macro and Micro Issues and Policies. She has prepared reports for the Swiss Federal Office of Social Affairs and for the European Commission and edits the twice-yearly research bulletin The Four Pillars. She can be contacted at the Geneva Association, 18 Ch. Rieu, CH-1208 Geneva (E-mail: geneva association@vtx.ch).
Establishing human situation awareness using a multi-modal operator control unit in an urban search & rescue human-robot team

Early on in a disaster it is crucial for humans to make an assessment of the situation, to help determine further action. Robots can potentially assist humans here, particularly when the hotzone is too dangerous for humans. Crucial in this human-robot team effort is that the system of robot and means of interacting with it afford the human to build up a sufficient awareness of the situation, to make an assessment. The paper investigates this issue from the viewpoint of the operator control unit (OCU). The paper presents the principles, design, implementation, and high-fidelity field trial results of an OCU for a human-robot team in an Urban Search & Rescue mission.
Hurricanes benefit bleached corals

Recent, global mass-mortalities of reef corals due to record warm sea temperatures have led researchers to consider global warming as one of the most significant threats to the persistence of coral reef ecosystems. The passage of a hurricane can alleviate thermal stress on coral reefs, highlighting the potential for hurricane-associated cooling to mitigate climate change impacts. We provide evidence that hurricane-induced cooling was responsible for the documented differences in the extent and recovery time of coral bleaching between the Florida Reef Tract and the U.S. Virgin Islands during the Caribbean-wide 2005 bleaching event. These results are the only known scenario where the effects of a hurricane can benefit a stressed marine community.
Clinical decision support implemented with academic detailing improves prescribing of key renally cleared drugs in the hospital setting

OBJECTIVE Lack of dose adjustment for renally cleared drugs in the presence of poor renal function is a common problem in the hospital setting. The absence of a clinical decision support system (CDSS) from direct clinician workflows such as computerized provider order entry (CPOE) hinders the uptake of CDSS. This study implemented CDSS in an environment independent of CPOE, introduced to prescribers via academic detailing, to address the dosing of renally cleared drugs. DESIGN GFR+ was designed to automatically calculate and update renal function, doses of key drugs adjusted for renal function, and highlight clinically significant decreases in renal function. Prescribers were made aware of GFR+, its navigation, and surrounding clinical issues, using academic detailing. MEASUREMENT The rate of dosing conformity and management for key renally cleared drugs in hospitalized patients, before and after GFR+ implementation. RESULTS Improvements were seen in dosing conformity for enoxaparin (from 68% to 86%, p=0.03), gentamicin (63-87%, p=0.01), and vancomycin (47-77%, p=0.07), as well as the appropriate use of gentamicin therapeutic drug monitoring (70-90%, p=0.02). During episodes of acute renal impairment, renally cleared drugs were held on 38% of instances in the pre-intervention period compared with 62% post-intervention (p=0.01). CONCLUSION Clinical decision support implemented with academic detailing improved dosing conformity and management of key renally cleared drugs in a hospitalized population. Academic detailing should be strongly considered to facilitate the introduction of CDSS systems that cannot be placed directly into the clinician workflow.
K-ras mutations in canine pancreatic cancers

References CUSACK, R. R. , GROMAN, D. B. , MACKINNON, A-M. , KIBENGE, F. S. B. , WADOWSKA, D. & BROWN, N. (2001) Pathology associated with an aquareovirus in captive juvenile Altantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus and an experimental treatment strategy for a concurrent bacterial infection. Diseases ofAquatic Organisms 44, 7-16 GROTMOL, S. , TOTLAND, G. K. , THORUD, K. & HJELTNES, B. K. (1997) Vacuolating encephalopathy and retinopathy associated with a nodaviruslike agent: a probable cause of a mass mortality of cultured larval and juvenile Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus. Diseases ofAquatic Organisms 29, 85-97 RODGER, H. D. & FRERICHS, G. N. (1997) Clinical infectious pancreatic necrosis infection in farmed halibut in the United Kingdom. Veterinary Record 140, 401-402 STARKEY, W. G. , IRELAND, J. H. , MUIR, K. F. , SHINN, A. P., RICHARDS, R. H. & FERGUSON, H. W. (2000) Isolation of nodavirus from Scottish farmed halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus (L). Journal ofFish Diseases 23, 419-422 WOLF, K. (1988) Fish Viruses and Fish Viral Diseases. Ithaca, Cornell University Press. pp 250-252
Environmental turbulent mixing controls on air‐water gas exchange in marine and aquatic systems

Air‐water gas transfer influences CO2 and other climatically important trace gas fluxes on regional and global scales, yet the magnitude of the transfer is not well known. Widely used models of gas exchange rates are based on empirical relationships linked to wind speed, even though physical processes other than wind are known to play important roles. Here the first field investigations are described supporting a new mechanistic model based on surface water turbulence that predicts gas exchange for a range of aquatic and marine processes. Findings indicate that the gas transfer rate varies linearly with the turbulent dissipation rate to the power in a range of systems with different types of forcing ‐ in the coastal ocean, in a macro‐tidal river estuary, in a large tidal freshwater river, and in a model (i.e., artificial) ocean. These results have important implications for understanding carbon cycling.
Coverage and service testing of Terrestrial television systems: Practical aspects

Evaluation of coverage and service of television systems requires the application of normalized procedures in order to compare data obtained in different measurement campaigns. There is a large quantity of documentation about general aspects of these processes, which is useful in the stage of planning. This is not the case when detailed aspects like the correct configuration of the measuring equipment or processing of collected data are required. This document pretends to provide some practical information about testing of coverage and service of analog and digital television transmitter systems.
Testing for sexually transmitted infections: a brave new world?

The sensitivity of nucleic acid amplification tests has made it possible to use non-invasive specimens, such as urine or vaginal swabs, for the diagnosis and screening for major bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs). As these specimens can be stored and transported at ambient temperatures, there has been a proliferation of internet-based STI testing services that are advertised as private, safe and confidential. The tests used and the quality of the testing on these internet services are unknown. Simple rapid tests for STIs are also available for purchase from the internet or “over the counter” from pharmacies or stores. Very few countries regulate STI tests sold. Even among the countries that regulate diagnostics for STIs, standards for evaluations are lacking, with the result that product inserts often contain inflated claims of test performance. Preliminary evaluations of some of the rapid chlamydial and gonococcal tests showed good specificity but limited sensitivity. The internet has been recognised in recent years as a new risk environment for STIs in both men and women, and efforts at internet-based sexual health promotion are hopefully reaching those at risk. However, this trend in STI testing and the lack of regulatory control should raise considerable concern over the potential for false-positive or false-negative results. It remains unclear how many individuals with a positive result would access appropriate treatment and counselling, and notify their sexual partners for testing and treatment. There needs to be closer examination of the implications of these services on STI control programmes. Imagine a teenager who just discovered that she has vaginal discharge. She has been in two short sexual relationships and has not been consistent with condom use. She is worried but is too scared to tell her parents or her sexual partners. She does not want to go to her family doctor or …
An Optimal Algorithm for Testing Stuck-at Faults in Random Access Memories

This correspondence presents an optimal algorithm to detect any single "stuck-at-i," "stuck-at-O" fault and any combination of "stuck-at-I," "stuck-at-O" multiple faults in a random access memory using only the n-bit memory address register input and m-bit memory buffer register input and output lines. It is shown that this algorithm requires 4 X 2n memory accesses.
Secure Data Storage Mechanism for Integration of Wireless Sensor Networks and Mobile Cloud

Abstract Together with an explosive growth of the mobile applications and emerging of cloud computing concept, mobile cloud computing (MCC) has been introduced to be a potential technology for mobile services. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is the technology that connects the virtual world and the physical world where nodes can autonomously communicate among each other and with intelligent systems. This paper describes the concept of wireless sensor networks and mobile cloud computing. Recently, much research has proposed to integrate wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with mobile cloud computing, so that powerful cloud computing can be exploited to process the sensory data accumulated by WSNs and provide these date to the mobile users on demand. The current WSN-MCC integration schemes have several drawbacks. This paper proposes a data processing framework, which aims at transmitting desired data to the mobile users in a rapid, reliable and even more secure manner. The proposed framework decreases the storage requirements for sensor nodes and networks gateway. And it minimizes the traffic overhead and bandwidth requirement for sensor networks. Additionally, the framework can predict the future trend of sensory data and provide security for this sensory data. This framework ensures the mobile users obtain their desired data faster.
Randomized trial of laparoscopic-assisted resection of colorectal carcinoma: 3-year results of the UK MRC CLASICC Trial Group.

PURPOSE The aim of the current study is to report the long-term outcomes after laparoscopic-assisted surgery compared with conventional open surgery within the context of the UK MRC CLASICC trial. Results from randomized trials have indicated that laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer is as effective as open surgery in the short term. Few data are available on rectal cancer, and long-term data on survival and recurrence are now required. METHODS The United Kingdom Medical Research Council Conventional versus Laparoscopic-Assisted Surgery in Colorectal Cancer (UK MRC CLASICC; clinical trials number ISRCTN 74883561) trial study comparing conventional versus laparoscopic-assisted surgery in patients with cancer of the colon and rectum. The randomization ratio was 2:1 in favor of laparoscopic surgery. Long-term outcomes (3-year overall survival [OS], disease-free survival [DFS], local recurrence, and quality of life [QoL]) have now been determined on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS Seven hundred ninety-four patients were recruited (526 laparoscopic and 268 open). Overall, there were no differences in the long-term outcomes. The differences in survival rates were OS of 1.8% (95% CI, -5.2% to 8.8%; P = .55), DFS of -1.4% (95% CI, -9.5% to 6.7%; P = .70), local recurrence of -0.8% (95% CI, -5.7% to 4.2%; P = .76), and QoL (P > .01 for all scales). Higher positivity of the circumferential resection margin was reported after laparoscopic anterior resection (AR), but it did not translate into an increased incidence of local recurrence. CONCLUSION Successful laparoscopic-assisted surgery for colon cancer is as effective as open surgery in terms of oncological outcomes and preservation of QoL. Long-term outcomes for patients with rectal cancer were similar in those undergoing abdominoperineal resection and AR, and support the continued use of laparoscopic surgery in these patients.
Differentiation between homoeologous chromosomes 1A of wheat and 1Am of Triticum monococcum and its recognition by the wheat Ph1 locus.

In most allopolyploid plants, only homogenetic chromosome pairing occurs in meiosis, as a result of the recognition of genome differentiation by the genetic system regulating meiotic chromosome pairing. The nature of differentiation between chromosomes of closely related genomes is examined here by investigating recombination between wheat chromosome 1A and the closely related homoeologous chromosome 1Am of Triticum monococcum. The recognition of the differentiation between these chromosomes by the Ph1 locus, which prevents heterogenetic chromosome pairing in wheat, is also investigated. Chromosomes 1A and 1Am are shown to be colinear, and it is concluded that they are differentiated "substructurally. " This substructural differentiation is argued to be recognized by the Ph1 locus. In the absence of Ph1, the distribution and frequencies of crossing over between the 1A and 1Am homoeologues were similar to the distribution and frequencies of crossing over between 1A homologues. The cytogenetic and evolutionary significance of these findings is discussed.