Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Active Drug Discovery

We combine graph neural networks with Gaussian Process regression through deep graph kernel learning and demonstrate its robustness on quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling tasks. Equipped with such a model, a Bayesian optimization exper-iment on chemical space is conducted and compared against the time-stamped acquisition records of a real-world, time-sensitive molecular optimization mission: the identiﬁcation of potent inhibitors of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, the viral pathogen responsible for the COVID pandemic.
Some notes on nonlinear cointegration: A partial review with some novel perspectives

Abstract Some recent work on the analysis of nonlinear and nonstationary time series models is reviewed. A couple of novel results are obtained in extending nonlinear cointegrating regression models to a time series situation. All through the paper focus is on aspects that could lead to a more well-defined concept of nonlinear cointegration.
Low-Carbohydrate Diet

Low-carbohydrate diets or low-carb diets are dietary programs that restrict carbohydrate consumption, often for the treatment of obesity or diabetes. Foods high in easily digestible carbohydrates (e.g., sugar, bread, pasta) are limited or replaced with foods containing a higher percentage of fats and moderate protein (e.g., meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, cheese, nuts, and seeds) and other foods low in carbohydrates (e.g., most salad vegetables such as spinach, kale, chard and collards), although other vegetables and fruits (especially berries) are often allowed. The amount of carbohydrate allowed varies with different low-carbohydrate diets.
Field Study to Relate Heat Stress Index to Broiler Performance

Abstract This study was conducted to determine environmental parameters related to the heat stress of broiler chickens. A total of 50 broiler flocks across 4 regions in Alberta were used to identify factors that contribute to heat stress. A heat stress index was calculated as a function of the deviation of actual from target environmental temperature and bird age. Principal component analysis was performed to determine key characteristics relating heat stress, bird performance, and carcass quality. Key relationships that emerged included an improvement in carcass quality and broiler microclimate with misting. Even when the heat stress index was not severe, misting reduced condemnations at the processing plant and total mortality. In the southern region, high ventilation rates did not reduce heat stress; only misting was effective. When heat stress is low, broilers can be grown at stocking densities >35 kg/m2 without compromising carcass quality.
Active prey rejection in the filter‐feeding appendicularian Oikopleura dioica

We describe different modes of prey rejection in a filter‐feeding appendicularian, Oikopleura dioica. Nonselective prey rejection occurs by intermittent rejection through reversal of the feeding current of all particles when the pharyngeal filter is overloaded, and by accidental loss through the spiracles of all particles that have entered the house when the pharyngeal filter occasionally breaks. In addition, selective prey rejection of individual particles may occur in the mouth by reversal of the ciliary current in the spiracle: the unwanted particle is expelled with a small amount of water. Up to four rejections of individual particles may occur per second. This active rejection is based on both the size and the chemical characteristics of the individual particle. A significantly higher rejection rate was found for toxic dinoflagelate (68%) compared to similar sized nontoxic ones (34%); exponentially growing algae were less rejected than senescent ones; and nutrient‐depleted algae were more rejected than nutrient‐replete cells. For nontoxic particles, prey size relative to the size of the appendicularian was the main prey selection criterion and the optimal prey size (> 80% acceptance) for O. dioica is between 0.4% and 2% of their own size, whereas the minimum and maximum particle sizes that they can ingest range from 0.04% to 20% of their own size. This prey size spectrum is much broader than that found in most other planktivorous organisms and demonstrates that appendicularians are simultaneous microphageous and macrophageous planktonic grazers.
‘In the beginning, all is null’

One pleasant early summer afternoon, I walked the couple of blocks down the hill frommy home in small-town South Dakota to the public library, and checked outMr g (Lightman, 2012) by physicist, novelist, essayist and poet Alan Lightman. I came home and read most of it in one sitting on the stone patio in my backyard, built by a previous homeowner who must’ve spent their summer afternoons in more productive activities than reading novels in the sunshine. In any case, I loved the book, a whimsical fable on the (literal) creation of (literally) something from (literally) nothing. Not long thereafter, inspired by themultiple choice theatre of the Oulipo and childhood memories of Choose-Your-Own-Adventure books, I was working on some mathematical multiple-choice poetry with a colleague. We’d been looking at several discrete, directed mathematical objects to structure the poetry we were writing. Mathematical details of this project can be found in (Wika & May, 2017), which includes a beautiful 80-in-1 labyrinth of a poem entitled ‘This Is Where You’ll Find Her’ by my collaborator Courtney Huse Wika. But othermathematical multiple-choice poemswere left on the cutting roomfloor. Submitted here is my poem ‘In the Beginning, All is Null,’ a Seuss-like bop (in my dreams), based on the Hasse diagram of a three-element set (Figure 1). Among other things, Hasse diagrams (Goodaire & Parmenter, 2006) can be used to display inclusion relationships among all the subsets of a given set. For the three-element set S = {x, y, z}, the Hasse diagram includes every element of the power set of S (meaning every subset of S), with arrows drawn from one set to another only when the second set covers the first. That is, an arrow only points from subset A to subset B if A ⊂ B and there is no subset C such that A ⊂ C ⊂ B. The arrows in the diagram are transitive in the sense that if there is any directed path of arrows from one set to another, regardless of the number of arrows it takes, the lower set is a subset of the upper set. Occasionally, Hasse diagrams are drawn without arrows; in this situation vertical alignment implies that the lower of adjacent sets is a subset of the upper. These diagrams are named for the Germanmathematician Helmut Hasse, whose activities during the rise of Nazi influence on German mathematics in the 1930s have been described as ‘ambiguous’ (Segal, 1980).
Firm performance and regional economic freedom: the case of Russia

ABSTRACT This study investigates whether the economic freedom of a region drives firm performance. Despite the large number of papers about the relationship between economic freedom and growth, there is still little evidence on the role of economic freedom in the performance of individual firms. We address this gap in the literature using hierarchical linear modeling, allowing us to investigate regional differences in company-level performance. The dataset consists of information about 1,096 companies combined with the Index of Economic Freedom for Russian regions during the period 2004–2014.
Emptiness, Equanimity and the Selfobject Function

ABSTRACT The article draws links between the selfobject function and two major Buddhist concepts, emptiness and equanimity. The selfobject function and these Buddhist concepts are based on a common belief, namely, that transformations of the mind occur within and are dependent on context. The selfobject function enhances transformations of archaic narcissism to mature narcissism through renunciation of personal desires and their transformation into concern for the wellbeing of others. This process derives from an ethical promise rather than from an emotional stance. The Buddhist tradition strives to obtain similar ideals while offering distinctive practices that promote these transformations. The article demonstrates how the Buddhist position contributes to the analytic process.
Effects of food processing and fruit juices on in-vitro estimated iron availability from cereals, vegetables and fruits

Selected processed foods were digested in vitro under simulated physiological conditions. The proportion of iron diffusing across a semi-permeable membrane was used as an index of bioavailability. Certain food processing procedures appeared to greatly enhance the proportion of diffusible iron. Many of the foods that were canned, dried, pickled, fermented, refined, or which contained certain additives, displayed enhanced iron diffusibility compared with unprocessed foods. Iron diffusibility from wheat flour was found to be enhanced by the addition of fruit juices. The constituent organic acids in the fruit juices, namely citric, ascorbic and malic, were found to be potentially responsible for this enhancement. These three compounds are also important examples of a sequestrant, an antioxidant, and an acidulant. These and similar compounds are added to many processed foods in order to improve their quality and preservation. All such additives have the potential to influence the chemical form, and probably the bioavailability, of food iron.
Alteration in flowering time causes accelerated or decelerated progression through Arabidopsis vegetative phases

We have identified three phases within the wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. rosette, based on significant differences in leaf shape, size, vascular pattern, and presence of abaxial trichomes. To test the hypothesis that a single, central mechanism controls the progression through all plant phases and that conditions that alter the time to flowering will also alter the progression through vegetative phases, we analysed the rosette phases under such conditions. In support of our hypothesis, we determined that those conditions (loss of LEAFY activity, short days) that decelerate time to flowering show decelerated progression through the rosette phases, while those conditions (loss of TERMINAL FLOWER, overexpression of LEAFY, low light) that accelerate time to flowering show accelerated progression through the rosette phases. In all conditions except short days, the length of the first phase was unaffected, indicating that this phase is less susceptible to influences of the central mechanism. Progre.
Tree-ring evidence for a combined influence of defoliators and extreme climatic events in the dynamics of a high-altitude balsam fir forest, Mount Mégantic, southern Quebec

Most mature balsam fir trees (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. ) growing at the top of Mount Megantic (Quebec) exhibit multiple leaders in the upper crown section, an indication of stressful conditions for tree development in this high-altitude stand. We report here on a detailed dendroecological analysis of windthrown trees showing that multiple stem development was linked to spruce budworm activity during the 1970s. In spite of severe defoliation, damaged trees temporarily restored their vegetative structure by forming reiterated axes. About 9% of all leaders sampled died during a 3-year period (1996-1998), which represents 60% of dead leaders sampled, with tree morbidity and mortality also peaking in 1996. Tree-ring dating of growth anomalies indicated the impact of major snow and (or) ice storms during the 1996 and 1998 winters, two events validated by field observations from the Mount Megantic conservation area authorities. Biotic (defoliators) and extreme climatic events have a combined influence in the dyn.
Clarification of the nomenclatural status of a recently introduced genus-group name for some honeyeaters (Meliphagidae)

In a recent study of some Australo-Papuan honeyeaters (Meliphagidae) (Nyari and Joseph2011),we focussed on themolecular systematics of 20 species that have been placed in the genus LichenostomusCabanis, 1851.We advocated dismantling Lichenostomus as it has been construed since Schodde (1975), and recommended that the 20 species be classified in seven smaller genera. For all but two of the 20 species involved, genus-group names were available in the sense of formal zoological nomenclature set out in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999). To accommodate the remaining two species, Nyari and Joseph (2011) erected the genus-group name Bolemoreus Nyari & Joseph, 2011. Thus, the Eungella Honeyeater would be known as B. hindwoodi and the Bridled Honeyeater as B. frenatus. Lichenostomus itself would now comprise just two species, the Purple-gaped Honeyeater (L. cratitius) and the Yellow-tufted Honeyeater (L. melanops). When introducing the name Bolemoreus, however, Nyari and Joseph (2011) inadvertently followed it with the abbreviation ‘nom. nov.’ (i.e. new name) instead of ‘gen. nov.’ (i.e. new genus). The purpose of this note is to affirm that that unfortunate slip does not make the name Bolemoreus Nyari & Joseph, 2011 unavailable. Nyari and Joseph (2011) expressly indicated in two different places that the nameBolemoreus is new. Thuswe clearly satisfied Article 16.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999). However, Article 16.1 of the Code also includes the following recommendation (Recommendation 16A; ICZN 1999):
Collectivist Capabilitarianism

Abstract The individualistic features of the capability approach (CA) have been thoroughly analysed in recent literature. While many authors have been critical of a perceived methodological bias, little attention has been given to the supposedly non-optional ethical individualism that lies at the liberal heart of the approach. This paper proposes to relegate ethical individualism to optional status and to bolster the approach with an extremely thin and minimally normative ethical relativism, based on the work of Michael Walzer on ethical objectivity. This new version of the approach, which I call collectivist capabilitarianism, allows capabilitarian theorising in explicitly non-liberal socio-political contexts. Currently the CA is burdened by a conception of the Good that unnecessarily singles out the individual person as the exclusive locus of ultimate moral worth. The inclusion of collectives as also inherently morally worthy, along with the weakening of egalitarian and universalist moral constraints in favour of a moderately relativistic ethic, yields a more malleable, pragmatic, and culturally respectful approach whose character is still distinctly capabilitarian.
Whole-genome methylation caller designed for methyl- DNA immunoprecipitation sequence data

DNA methylation is an indispensable epigenetic modification required for regulating the expression of mammalian genomes. Continued efforts have been made to unravel the methylation states genome-wide, featuring the methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) coupled with next-generation sequencing. Our method uses a single-CpG-resolution, whole-genome methylation caller designed specifically for MeDIP-seq data. It did not require external database for copy number adjustment. Furthermore, it effectively detected genomic regions potentially predisposed to oncogenesis through its prediction of methylation states. The above suggests that our method makes a handy and reliable tool to generate genome-wide methylation profiles. All source codes in PERL language are available upon request of the first author. Keywords : Methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation, next-generation sequencing, Hidden Markov chain African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(8), pp. 811-819
Effect of Different Methods of Processing and Antioxidant Supplementation on the Storage Quality of Hatchery Waste Meal

3 Abstract: Four different levels of antioxidant (Oxygun ) at 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg were added to the ® ground, processed viz, cooked, autoclaved, extruded and raw hatchery waste. Samples were stored for 50 days and analyzed for peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid value (TBA) and free fatty acids (FFA) with 10- days of storage interval. Linear increase was observed in PV, FFA and TBA values of all treatments throughout the storage period. Comparison within raw hatchery waste (RHW), cooked HW, autoclaved HW and extruded HW revealed that extrusion was found to be the most effective processing technique to check fat oxidation, followed by autoclaving and simple cooking whereas unprocessed HW showed maximum fat deterioration. PV, FFA and TBA decreased with all levels of antioxidant addition when compared with control group. Significantly highest (p<0.05) levels of PV, FFA and TBA were observed in control group while least degradation of fat was observed in extruded samples with 300 mg/kg of antioxidant addition. All the processing techniques and antioxidant addition checked the fat rancidity throughout the storage period, compared to control group, however synergistic effect of extrusion and 300 mg/kg of antioxidant addition was found to be most appropriate to keep the samples highly acceptable for 50 days storage period.
Winning at the Starting Line: Joint Network Selection and Service Placement for Mobile Edge Computing

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) is an emerging computing paradigm in which computational capabilities are pushed from the central cloud to the network edges. However, preserving the satisfactory quality-of-service (QoS) for user applications is non-trivial among multiple densely dispersed yet capacity constrained MEC nodes. This is mainly because both the access network and edge nodes are vulnerable to network congestion. Previous works are mostly limited to optimizing the QoS through dynamic service placement, while ignoring the critical effects of access network selection on the network congestion. In this paper, we study the problem of jointly optimizing the access network selection and service placement for MEC, towards the goal of improving the QoS by balancing the access, switching and communication delay. Specifically, we first design an efficient online framework to decompose the long-term optimization problem into a series of one-shot problems. To address the NP-hardness of the one-shot problem, we further propose an iteration-based algorithm to derive a computation efficient solution. Both rigorous theoretical analysis on the optimality gap and extensive trace-driven simulations validate the efficacy of our proposed solution.
ACTIVATION FUNCTIONS IN SINGLE HIDDEN LAYER FEED-FORWARD NEURAL NETWORKS

Abstract Especially in the last decade, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained increasing popularity as the neural networks represent incredibly exciting and powerful machine learning-based techniques that can solve many real-time problems. The learning capability of such systems is directly related with the evaluation methods used. In this study, the effectiveness of the calculation parameters in a Single-Hidden Layer Feedforward Neural Networks (SLFNs) will be examined. We will present how important the selection of an activation function is in the learning stage. A lot of work is developed and presented for SLFNs up to now. Our study uses one of the most commonly known learning algorithms, which is Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). Main task of an activation function is to map the input value of a neural network to the output node with a high learning or achievement rate. However, determining the correct activation function is not as simple as thought. First we try to show the effect of the activation functions on different datasets and then we propose a method for selection process of it due to the characteristic of any dataset. The results show that this process is providing a remarkably better performance and learning rate in a sample neural network. Keywords: Machine Learning, SLFN, ELM.
Electrocardiography versus Echocardiography for assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy in ischemic heart disease patients with and without cardiovascular risk factors

Background: it is well documented that left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) detected by 12-lead electrocardiography or echocardiography is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in cohorts ranging from the general population to those with established cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease (CAD). Objectives: aims of this study were to detect prevalence of LVH in CAD patients by standard echocardiography by measuring LVM indexed to body surface area and to test the sensitivity and specificity of new ECG criteria, Peugero-Lo Prosti criteria, for detection of left ventricular hypertrophy and comparing it with other ECG criteria to diagnose LVH. Patients and Methods: This observational cross sectional study was conducted at El-Hussein University Hospital and Minia Health Insurance Hospital during the period from July 2016 to June 2017, the study involved 230 patients of either sex, and referred for Echocardiography department to perform 2D transthoracic echocardiography. Results: In our study, we founded that firstly, the echo-LVH is prevalent in CAD patient (41.5%) regardless the presence of other cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, our results showed that, the prevalence of echo-LVH is significantly higher in patients with CAD and hypertension, than in patients with CAD only (54% Vs. 32%). Secondly, the Peguero-Lo Prosti criteria has a higher sensitivity (61.4%) for detecting LVH among the patients with CAD than Sokolow-Lyon criteria (26.5%), Cornell voltage criteria (32.5%) and Romhilt Estes point score (41%) considering LVMI by echocardiography as reference standard. Conclusion: the prevalence of echocardiographic LVH in CAD patient is high regardless the presence of other cardiovascular risk factors. Overall the present study shows that, Peguero-Lo Presti criteria has higher sensitivity and specificity in the ECG diagnosis of LVH compared to Sokolow-Lyon criteria, Cornell voltage criteria and Romhilt-Estes point score system considering LV mass index by 2D Echocardiography as reference standard.
Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2008: results generated from European registers by ESHRE

were 28.5 and 32.5%, respectively, and for ICSI the corresponding rates were 28.7 and 31.9%. In FER cycles, the pregnancy rate per thawing was 19.3%. The delivery rate after IUI was 9.1% for IUI-H and 13.8% for IUI-D. In IVF and ICSI cycles, one, two, three and four or more embryos were transferred in 22.4, 53.2, 22.3 and 2.1%, respectively. The proportions of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI (combined) were 78.3, 20.7 and 1.0%, respectively, resulting in a total multiple delivery rate of 21.7%, compared with 22.3% in 2007, 20.8% in 2006 and 21.8% in 2005. In FER cycles, the multiple delivery rate was 13.7% (13.4% twins and 0.3% triplets). In women undergoing IUI, twin and triplet deliveries occurred in 10.6% and 0.7% with IUI-H and in 9.4 and 0.3% with IUI-D, respectively. conclusions: In comparison with previous years, there was an increase in the reported number of ART cycles in Europe. For the first time in 5 years, the pregnancy rates failed to show a year-on-year increase. Compared with 2007, the number of transfers of multiple embryos (3+) and a multiple delivery rate showed a marginal decline.
Malaysia’s political crisis

After shifting coalition politics in February 2020 all but overturned the results of federal elections in 2018, Malaysia’s new prime minister, Muhyiddin Yassin, is attempting to hold together a fragile majority in parliament while staking a claim to legitimacy amid the public-health and economic crises caused by COVID-19.