Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the influence of 3dB coupler on ratiometric wavelength measurements

Many fiber Bragg grating interrogation systems uses ratiometric wavelength measurement based on an edge filter. In any ratiometric scheme a 3dB coupler is a vital component which splits the signal and makes the system ratiometric. All commercial 3dB couplers exhibit a wavelength dependency and polarization dependent loss. In this paper the effects of the wavelength dependency and polarization dependent loss of the 3dB coupler in a ratiometric wavelength measurement system are investigated using both simulation and experimental techniques. The ratio response of the system is simulated considering the wavelength dependency of the coupler and is compared with that of a response with a wavelength independent coupler. A comparison study of the polarization induced ratio fluctuation and corresponding errors in wavelength with a polarization insensitive 3 dB coupler (very low PDL) and an ordinary 3 dB coupler is also presented. The results show that the 3 dB coupler has a significant influence on the ratio response and accuracy of a ratiometric wavelength measurement system.
Correlation of sPD1 with Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein Levels in Patients with Sepsis

Objective Sepsis results from dysregulated host responses to infection, and it is a major cause of mortality in the world. Co-inhibitory molecules, such as PD-1, play a critical role in this process. Considering the lack of information on the relation between sPD1 and sepsis, the present study aimed to examine the sPD1 level in septic patients and evaluate its correlation with procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Materials and Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study consisted of three groups, including septic patients (n=15), suspected of sepsis (n=15), and healthy subjects (n=15). White blood cells (WBCs) and platelet (PLT) counts are evaluated. The serum levels of CRP, PCT, and sPD1 were measured by immunoturbidimetric assay, electro- chemiluminescence technology, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results Our study indicated that there was a significant difference in WBC and PLT counts between the septic group compared to suspected and control groups (P<0.001, P<0.01, respectively). The CRP level was significantly higher in septic compared to suspected and control groups (P<0.001). There was also a significant difference between the PCT level in septic and suspected groups in comparison with the controls (P<0.001, P<0.01). The sPD1 level was significantly higher in septic patients compared to suspected and control groups (P<0.001). In septic patients, sPD1 levels were correlated positively with the CRP and PCT levels. Conclusion Overall, sPD1 correlation with inflammatory markers, might propose it as a potential biomarker to sepsis diagnosis. However, the clinical application of serum sPD-1 testing in patients with sepsis requires further investigation.
Major zoonotic diseases of public health importance in Bangladesh

Abstract Zoonotic diseases cause repeated outbreaks in humans globally. The majority of emerging infections in humans are zoonotic. COVID‐19 is an ideal example of a recently identified emerging zoonotic disease, causing a global pandemic. Anthropogenic factors such as modernisation of agriculture and livestock farming, wildlife hunting, the destruction of wild animal habitats, mixing wild and domestic animals, wildlife trading, changing food habits and urbanisation could drive the emergence of zoonotic diseases in humans. Since 2001, Bangladesh has been reporting many emerging zoonotic disease outbreaks such as nipah, highly pathogenic avian influenza, pandemic H1N1, and COVID‐19. There are many other potential zoonotic pathogens such as Ebola, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Kyasanur forest disease virus and Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever that may emerge in the future. However, we have a limited understanding of zoonotic diseases’ overall risk in humans and associated factors that drive the emergence of zoonotic pathogens. This narrative review summarised the major emerging, re‐emerging, neglected and other potential zoonotic diseases in Bangladesh and their associated risk factors. Nipah virus and Bacillus anthracis caused repeated outbreaks in humans. More than 300 human cases with Nipah virus infection were reported since the first outbreak in 2001. The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) caused more than 550 outbreaks in poultry, and eight human cases were reported so far since 2007. People of Bangladesh are frequently exposed to zoonotic pathogens due to close interaction with domestic and peri‐domestic animals. The rapidly changing intensified animal–human–ecosystem interfaces and risky practices increase the risk of zoonotic disease transmission. The narrative review's findings are useful to draw attention to the risk and emergence of zoonotic diseases to public health policymakers in Bangladesh and the application of one‐health approach to address this public health threat.
MonoclonalAntibody-definedHuman Lung Cell Surface Protein Antigens1

Monoclonal antibodies were used to define four distinct antigens present on the surfaces of human lung tumors. Immunoprecipitation of the four antigens by monoclonal anti bodies and sodiumdodecyl sulfate:polyacrylamidegel electrophoresis reveals that they have distinct complex structures. Different patterns of expression of these antigens on cells of other than lung tumor origin were detected by the same panel of monoclonalantibodies.
Performance Degradation of Lanthanum Strontium Cobaltite after Surface Modification

In the present study, the surface of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3 (LSC) was modiﬁed via atomic layer deposition (ALD) using CoO x as the modiﬁcation material. The effect of the ALD CoO x treatment on the LSC-based anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell was analyzed and the ALD CoO x -treated cell was found to exhibit lower power density than that of the bare cell. Based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, it was concluded that this degradation stems mainly from the increased polarization loss, which results from the deterioration of the oxygen surface exchange property. Similarly, examining the bode plot revealed that the impedance at frequencies lower than 1 kHz increased mainly after the CoO x treatment; this increased impedance is believed to be associated with the limitation of O 2 adsorption and dissociation. © The
In Vivo and In Vitro Impairments in T Helper Cell and Neutrophil Responses against Mucor irregularis in Card9 Knockout Mice

Mucor irregularis is a frequently found fungus in Asia, especially China, and it causes primary cutaneous mucormycosis with a high rate of disfigurement. Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (Card9) is an essential adaptor molecule downstream of C-type lectin receptors. It mediates the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), regulates T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 differentiation, and plays an important role in fungal immune surveillance. CARD9 deficiency correlates with the increased susceptibility to many fungal infections, including cutaneous mucormycosis caused by M. irregularis. ABSTRACT Mucor irregularis is a frequently found fungus in Asia, especially China, and it causes primary cutaneous mucormycosis with a high rate of disfigurement. Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (Card9) is an essential adaptor molecule downstream of C-type lectin receptors. It mediates the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), regulates T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 differentiation, and plays an important role in fungal immune surveillance. CARD9 deficiency correlates with the increased susceptibility to many fungal infections, including cutaneous mucormycosis caused by M. irregularis. However, the underlying immunological mechanisms were not elucidated. Our study established a murine model of subcutaneous M. irregularis infection, and we isolated immune cells, including bone marrow-derived macrophages, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, naive T cells, and neutrophils, from wild-type (WT) and Card9 knockout (Card9−/−) mice to examine the antifungal effect of Card9 on M. irregularis in vivo and in vitro. Card9−/− mice exhibited increased susceptibility to M. irregularis infection. Impaired local cytokine and chemokine production, NF-κB (p65) activation, and Th1/17 cell differentiation and partially impaired neutrophil-dependent antifungal immunity were observed in Card9−/− mice. This work enriches our knowledge of the relationship between CARD9 deficiency and mucormycosis.
REPUBLIQUE ALGERIENNE DEMOGRATIQUE ET POPULAIRE MINISTERE DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE

In this work, an efficient and simple trigonometric shear deformation theory is presented for thermal buckling analysis of functionally graded plates. It is assumed that the plate is in contact with elastic foundation during deformation. The theory accounts for sinusoidal distribution of transverse shear stress, and satisfies the free transverse shear stress conditions on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate without using shear correction factor. Unlike the conventional trigonometric shear deformation theory, the proposed sinusoidal shear deformation theory contains only four unknowns. It is assumed that the mechanical and thermal non-homogeneous properties of functionally graded plate vary smoothly by distribution of power law across the plate thickness. Using the non-linear strain-displacement relations, the equilibrium and stability equations of plates made of functionally graded materials are derived. The boundary conditions for the plate are assumed to be simply supported on all edges. The elastic foundation is modelled by two-parameters Pasternak model, which is obtained by adding a shear layer to the Winkler model. The effects of thermal loading types and variations of power of functionally graded material, aspect ratio, and thickness ratio on the critical buckling temperature of functionally graded plates are investigated and discussed.
Recent Computational Studies in Solid State Chemistry

Abstract We discuss the role of computational studies in solid state chemistry. The principle methodologies are first summarized. We then highlight some areas in which there has been rapid recent progress. These include the modeling of crystal structures, the behavior of defects and dopants in ceramic oxides, and the interaction of molecules with Bronsted acid sites in zeolites. We emphasize the increasingly predictive nature of simulation techniques in solid state chemistry.
Raman and infrared spectra of carbonates of calcite structure

The Raman and mid-range infrared spectra have been measured on natural limestone and dolomite minerals. The carbonate minerals show four prominent absorption bands in the regions 1450–1420, 890–870, 720–700 and 1000–1100 cm−1. The positions of the wavenumbers are unique for each carbonate mineral and are thus diagnostic of their mineralogy. Calcite and dolomite groups are characterized by the Raman wavenumbers at 288 and 309 cm−1 and the infrared absorption bands at 712 and 728 cm−1, respectively. The principal wavenumber at 1092 cm−1 in the limestone spectra is accompanied by two satellites with values of 1062 and 1075 cm−1. The observed non-split peaks ν2 and ν4 in the infrared spectra of limestone indicate the presence of calcite structure in all these samples. The principal reflections occurring at the d-spacings, 3.03482, 1.91658 and 1.87962 A, confirm the presence of calcite structure in limestone minerals. The principal reflections occurring at the d-spacings, 3.037, 1.79179 and 2.19750 A, confirm the existence of dolomite structure in the dolomite minerals. The calculated lattice parameters for the limestone minerals are: a = 4.9781 A, c = 17.1188 A and V = 367.392(A)3 and the corresponding values for the dolomite minerals are: a = 4.8247 A, c = 15.9868 A and V = 322.28 (A)3. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formulation and characterization of zein/chitosan complex particles stabilized Pickering emulsion with the encapsulation and delivery of vit-D3.

BACKGROUND Pickering emulsions (PEs) which are stabilized by solid particles instead of surfactants have recently attracted tremendous attentions due to their non-toxic and long-term stable nature. In the current study, we fabricated and characterized zein (ZN) /chitosan (CS) complex particles (ZNCSPs) stabilized PE for the encapsulation and delivery of vit-D3. RESULTS The ZNCSPs were synthesized with different ratios i.e 1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2 to investigate the optimum ratio. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed the spherical nature with smooth surface of the obtained particles in the case of ZNCS ratio 1:1.5 and 1:2. Furthermore, ζ-potential values for the these particles were 32.53±1.3 and 52.86±0.68 mV respectively, indicating particles with (1:2) being more stable than 1:1.5. Thereafter, using these particles, the PEs were successfully formulated with different oil (MCT) fractions (330, 500 and 660 g.kg-1 ). The emulsions were evaluated for stability during storage and against different environmental factors including pH, temperature and ionic strength on the creaming indices (CI) of these emulsions. The results demonstrated that the PEs with oil fractions 330 and 500 g.kg-1 exhibited significant stability during storage, particularly the ones with 500 g.kg-1 oil fractions which were stable against all the tested parameters. Finally, the prepared PEs were evaluated as efficient delivery system by encapsulating and delivering vit-D3. In vitro drug release profile confirmed sustained and controlled release of the encapsulated vit-D3. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings suggest that ZNCSPs can be promising stabilizers for stable PEs that can be used as potential delivery systems in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Liposome as a delivery system for the treatment of biofilm‐mediated infections

Biofilm formation by pathogenic microorganisms has been a tremendous challenge for antimicrobial therapies due to various factors. The biofilm matrix sequesters bacterial cells from the exterior environment and therefore prevents antimicrobial agents from reaching the interior. In addition, biofilm surface extracellular polymeric substances can absorb antimicrobial agents and thus reduce their bioavailability. To conquer these protection mechanisms, liposomes have been developed into a drug delivery system for antimicrobial agents against biofilm‐mediated infections. The unique characteristics of liposomes, including versatility for cargoes, target‐specificity, nonimmunogenicity, low toxicity, and biofilm matrix‐/cell membrane‐fusogenicity, remarkably improve the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents and minimize recurrence of infections. This review summarizes current development of liposomal carriers for biofilm therapeutics, presents evidence in their practical applications and discusses their potential limitations.
Origins of Grape and Wine Aroma. Part 1. Chemical Components and Viticultural Impacts

Wine is an ancient beverage and has been prized throughout time for its unique and pleasing flavor. Wine flavor arises from a mixture of hundreds of chemical components interacting with our sense organs, producing a neural response that is processed in the brain and resulting in a psychophysical percept that we readily describe as “wine. ” The chemical components of wine are derived from multiple sources; during fermentation grape flavor components are extracted into the wine and new compounds are formed by numerous chemical and biochemical processes. In this review we discuss the various classes of chemical compounds in grapes and wines and the chemical and biochemical processes that influence their formation and concentrations. The overall aim is to highlight the current state of knowledge in the area of grape and wine aroma chemistry.
Effect of the order of concurrent training combined with resistance and high‐intensity interval exercise on mTOR signaling and glycolytic metabolism in mouse skeletal muscle

Athletes train to improve strength and endurance to demonstrate maximum performance during competitions. Training methods vary but most focus on strength, endurance, or both. Concurrent training is a combination of two different modes of training. In this study, we combined resistance exercise (RE) and high‐intensity interval exercise (HIIE) to investigate the influence of the order of the concurrent training on signal molecules on hypertrophy and glycolysis in the skeletal muscle. The phosphorylation levels of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signals, p70 S6 kinase (p70S6 K), ribosomal protein S6 (S6), and glycogen synthase kinase beta (GSK‐3β) were significantly increased in the HIIE first group compared with the control group. The combined training course did not affect the glycogen content and expression levels of proteins concerning glycolytic and metabolic capacity, suggesting that a combination of HIIE and RE on the same day, with HIIE prior to RE, improves hypertrophy response and glycolysis enhancement.
Effect of Tannin Extract from Pistachio by

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of treated protein supplements with tannin extracted from pistachio by-product (P-PB) on in vitro gas production using fistulated sheep. One portion of P-PB was mixed with four portions of water for 48 h. The extracted product was sprayed on soybean meal (SBM) or canola meal (CM) with an equal ratio (1:1 v/w) and dried in the shade. The experimental treatments included in this study were: 1) untreated soybean meal (USB), 2) soybean meal treated with tannin extract (SBTT), 3) untreated canola meal (UCM) and 4) canola meal treated with tannin extract (CMTT). Kinetics of gas production was fitted to an exponential model. After 96 h of incubation, the medium size of each syringe was used for determining ammonia N (NH3-N) concentration using distillation method. The results obtained from this study showed that spraying tannin extract on protein supplement increased the amount of tannin to 4.4, 3.13 in CM or SBM, respectively. Although gas production rate, fraction b and fraction c decreased by treated protein supplements in comparison with untreated protein supplements, the effects were not significant (P>0.05). The effect of tannin extract on NH3-N was significant (P≤0.05). The highest and the lowest content of NH 3 were for SBM with the lowest and CMTT with the highest content of tannin, respectively. Tannin from P-PB decreased organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME) and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations in treated protein supplements (P≤0.05). Untreated soybean meal and CMTT had the highest and the lowest content of OMD, ME and SCFA, respectively.
cLRT‐Mod: An efficient methodology for pharmacometric model‐based analysis of longitudinal phase II dose finding studies under model
 uncertainty

Within the challenging context of phase II dose‐finding trials, longitudinal analyses may increase drug effect detection power compared to an end‐of‐treatment analysis. This work proposes cLRT‐Mod, a pharmacometric adaptation of the MCP‐Mod methodology, which allows the use of nonlinear mixed effect models to first detect a dose‐response signal and then identify the doses for the confirmatory phase while accounting for model structure uncertainty. The method was evaluated through extensive clinical trial simulations of a hypothetical phase II dose‐finding trial using different scenarios and comparing different methods such as MCP‐Mod. The results show an increase in power using cLRT with longitudinal data compared to an EOT multiple contrast tests for scenarios with small sample size and weak drug effect while maintaining pre‐specifiability of the models prior to data analysis and the nominal type I error. This work shows how model averaging provides better coverage probability of the drug effect in the prediction step, and avoids under‐estimation of the size of the confidence interval. Finally, for illustration purpose cLRT‐Mod was applied to the analysis of a real phase II dose‐finding trial.
Construction and cryopreservation of an artificial ovary in cancer patients as an element of cancer therapy and a promising approach to fertility restoration

Abstract The proportion of cancer patients that survive is increasing because of improvements in cancer therapy. However, some cancer treatments, such as chemo- and radio-therapies, can cause considerable damage to reproductive function. The issue of fertility is paramount for women of childbearing age once they are cured from cancer. For those patients with prepubertal or haematogenous cancer, the possibilities of conventional fertility treatments, such as oocyte or embryo cryopreservation and transplantation, are limited. Moreover, ovarian tissue cryopreservation as an alternative to fertility preservation has limitations, with a risk of re-implanting malignant cells in patients who have recovered from potentially fatal malignant disease. One possible way to restore fertility in these patients is to mimic artificially the function of the natural organ, the ovary, by grafting isolated follicles embedded in a biological scaffold to their native environment. Construction and cryopreservation of an artificial ovary might offer a safer alternative option to restore fertility for those who cannot benefit from traditional fertility preservation techniques. This review considers the protocols for constructing an artificial ovary, summarises advances in the field with potential clinical application, and discusses future trends for cryopreservation of these artificial constructions.
Traumatic experiences and somatoform dissociation in women with fibromyalgia.

Objective: Psychological factors like traumatic life events seem to affect the etiopathogenesis and the exacerbation of fibromyalgia (FM), a chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain syndrome. This Study investigated the prevalence of traumatic events, with a particular attention to the whole life span, and both psychoform and somatoform dissociation in patients with FM, compared with healthy controls (HC). In addition, the possible effects of traumatic events and dissociative experiences on FM symptoms have been analyzed. Method: Traumatic experiences, dissociative symptoms, and psychological distress were assessed in 99 consecutive patients with FM and 107 healthy women. Student t-tests for two independent samples were used to determine differences between the FM and HC groups. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to explore the possible contribution of trauma and dissociation to FM symptoms. Results: Results revealed that the levels of both somatoform and psychoform dissociation were higher among patients with FM than HC (p < .001). Moreover, patients with FM experienced significantly more negative life events than HC (p < .001). Finally, the data suggested that the severity of FM disabilities was significantly predicted by the presence of depressive symptoms, somatoform dissociation, cumulative trauma, and educational level. The final Model explained 40% of the variance. Conclusions: Results suggest that the construct of somatoform dissociation could serve as a useful framework to improve our understanding of FM symptoms, and stressed the importance of evaluating the effects of multiple traumas in cumulative form because this has substantial implications for the evaluation and treatment of patients. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).