Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reinventing Ukraine: Ukrainian National and Supra-National Identity in Contemporary Polish Opinion-Making Press

Reinventing Ukraine: Ukrainian National and Supra-National Identity in Contemporary Polish Opinion-Making Press Ukraine in XXI century has been experiencing new social and political changes which resulted into shifts of the national identity. It has left resonance not only within Ukrainian society but abroad as well. Historical events such as Orange revolution or Euromaidan provided new directions for reconsidering Ukrainian identity by the external actors. The image of Ukraine has been created abroad with the help of mass media, which enable the wide audience to receive information about particular events and make own conclusions. Information, presented in the opinion-making press worth better for deliberating the issue of identity. Thus, this paper seeks to investigate how Polish intellectuals present Ukraine in contemporary Polish opinion-making press. This research on the one hand provides understanding of Ukrainian identity problems, and gives possibility to examine positive and negative aspects of the way identity has been expressed. On the other hand, it demonstrates the way public opinion-makers in Poland perceive, construct and reconstruct identity of Ukraine, Ukrainian nation and present them to their society. The article seeks to investigate what attributes of Ukrainian identity were crucial for Polish media. What factors, historical events, cultural and political features, myth and symbols were important for deliberating Ukraine in Polish opinion-making press. Ponowne odkrycie Ukrainy: Ukrainska narodowa i ponadnarodowa tozsamośc we wspolczesnej polskiej prasie opiniotworczej W XXI wieku Ukraina przezywa nowe zmiany spoleczne i polityczne, ktore prowadzą do zmian tozsamości narodowej. To spowodowalo rezonans nie tylko w spoleczenstwie ukrainskim, ale rowniez za granicą. Najnowsze wydarzenia historyczne, takie jak Pomaranczowa Rewolucja czy Euromajdan, na nowo ozywily wśrod podmiotow zewnetrznych dyskusje o ukrainskiej tozsamości. Zewnetrzny wizerunek Ukrainy ksztaltują środki masowego przekazu, ktore dostarczają szerokiej publiczności informacji o wydarzeniach historycznych. Informacje prezentowane w prasie opiniotworczej są istotnym źrodlem dla rozwazan nad kwestiami tozsamości w ogole. Artykul ma na celu zbadanie, jak polscy intelektualiści przedstawiają Ukraine we wspolczesnej polskiej prasie. Badanie umozliwi zrozumienie problemow ukrainskiej tozsamości, bedzie takze prezentacją pozytywnych i negatywnych jej aspektow. Zarazem jednak unaoczni, w jaki sposob polskie środowiska opiniotworcze postrzegają, konstruują i rekonstruują tozsamośc Ukrainy i narodu ukrainskiego i jak przedstawiają te kwestie spoleczenstwu. Staram sie jednocześnie wyjaśnic, jakie atrybuty ukrainskiej tozsamości – wydarzenia historyczne, cechy kulturowe i polityczne, mity i symbole – byly istotne dla rozwazan nad Ukrainą w polskiej prasie opiniotworczej.
Alcohol Price Considerations on Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use in University Students

Background: This study investigates alcohol price and proposed substance use amongst Australian tertiary students. Methods: Participants were recruited in 2009 via facebook, and were asked to complete a 34-item internetbased survey. 512 people took part, 485 fit the inclusion criteria. Results: The sample consisted predominately of young (mean age 20.3 years), female (66%) university students. Higher alcohol prices resulted in increased consideration of illicit substances as an alternative indicating a substitution effect, although the majority (60%) of respondents would never consider using ecstasy. Conclusion: Results indicate substantial room to increase the price of alcohol to achieve alcohol consumption reduction without likely substitution behavior.
The Demand for Welfare Generosity

This paper estimates economic models of the determinants of state benefit levels in the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program using 19691992 data. These models have been extensively researched; however, the existing literature has produced an unacceptably wide range of estimates. Using alternative econometric procedures, this paper systematically examines both the specification assumptions underlying previous analyses as well as several additional specification issues. It is, therefore, able to replicate and reconcile estimates from previous studies and to provide updated, consensus estimates of the demand for welfare generosity. It finds that changes in the average level of income within states have small but statistically significant positive effects on benefits with the confidence bounds on the elasticity extending from 0.11 to 0.82. Changes in the effective price of redistribution are found to have, at most, weak negative effects with elasticities in the range of -0.14 to 0.02. These results are used to evaluate the effects of block grant provisions in the recently enacted welfare reform legislation.
Willingness-to-Pay for an Educational Label: The Zamorano University Brand

Using a discrete choice experiment, we analyze consumer preferences and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for milk products with differing quality attributes. In doing so, in-person surveys were administered in three retail stores located in Honduras. The main attribute analyzed was the “educational component”, which was used to indicate the participation of Zamorano University students in milk production and processing, where the revenue from the commercialization of the products is reinvested in the education of future low-income students with strong academic and professional potential. In general, consumers are willing to pay a price premium for milk products carrying the education label. Moreover, respondents preferred natural milk with low-fat content. Consumers also expressed price premiums for bottled milk products and a medium shelf life compared to milk packaged in plastic bags or shelf life longer than sixteen days, perhaps because of a perception of lack of freshness.
DAMAGE EVOLUTION LAW BASED ON ACOUSTIC EMISSION AND WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION OF GRANITE UNDER UNIAXIAL STRESS

The research on rock damage mechanisms during loading has a significant reference value for the deformation damage issues in the rock engineering industry. In this paper, Electrohydraulic Servo Material Test System MTS815 and PCI-2 based AE System were utilized for uniaxial compression tests of granite specimens and acoustic emission monitoring tests during the compression respectively. According to the test data, there is a well defined correspondence between the curves of acoustic emission count rate with time and stress-strain curves of rock. Moreover, from the stress-strain curves, the characteristics of brittle fracture have been showed. Four stages were identified, namely compression stage, linear elastic stage, weakening stage and failure stage. There are also four stages in acoustic emission count rate with time curves: quiet period, slow growth period, intense growth period and attenuation period. Based on the acoustic emission data and the Weibull distribution, two different damage variables were derived describing the damage evolution of rock during loading. In addition, the corresponding constitutive equations have been deduced. The conclusions of this paper can provide references for the issues of the rock deformation and the damage during loading. ARTICLE INFO
Computer Adjustment Costs: Is Quality Improvement Important?

This paper examines how the costs of adopting new technology are different from those of expanding capital stock by utilizing the data on 20 U.S. manufacturing industries from 1983 to 1998. Using the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM), I estimate a dynamic factor demand model in which the adjustment costs of computer investment are allowed to depend on both technology adoption and quantity expansion. The results suggest that an additional one dollar investment in computers causes on average 35 cents of adjustment costs, of which 25 cents is due to quantity expansion and 9 cents is due to technology adoption. In particular, the technology adoption cost increases significantly in the late 1990s because of a rapid increase in the technological gap in computers. Decomposition of total factor productivity (TFP) growth, however, reveals that the presence of adjustment costs in computer investment causes a modest bias in TFP growth.
Purchasing Power Parity Hypothesis: Empirical Validity of Purchasing Power Parity in the Long Run among the Developing and Developed Countries Using Co-integration and OLS Techniques.

This study finds the empirical validity of exchange rate and price relationship implied by purchasing power parity among the seven countries . i.e. (Australia, Canada, Pakistan, India, Japan, Spain and Korea) using the Augmented Dickey Fuller, Engel Granger, Johansen and ordinary least squares econometrics techniques based on quarterly data instead of annually data . We have used both developing and developed countries in the PPP testing and compared the econometric results of developing and developed countries with each other. Using the quarterly data over the time period of 1961 to 2010, We have found the long run validity of purchasing power parity theory among the three developing and four developed countries. We have applied different econometric methodologies, PPP results differ among different econometric techniques. So, it can be implied that choice of price level and appropriate econometric methodology is very important in the PPP testing. Keywords: Purchasing power parity; Exchange rate; Developed and Developing countries
Legal and Social Aspects of Employment of Disabled Persons in Poland

This study is an effort to characterize the legal and social aspects of the polish regulations relating to the employment of people with disabilities in sheltered conditions. In Poland, the role of activation of the disabled in the protected labor market performs three types of operations: sheltered workshops, factories professional activity, and social co-operation. Authors discuss the formal requirements to obtain the status, specific rights, and the obligations of employers who are employing the establishment of protected or reinsured activity. The research included in the study was supplemented by an analysis of available statistical data based on the number of operators protected labor market and the number of disabled people employed in these workplaces.
Serum levels of malondialdehyde in type 2 diabetes mellitus Thai subjects.

Objective: To investigate the serum MDA levels, as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation in T2D patients and the association with the other conventional cardiovascular risk factors (Glu, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, waist circumference, and BP). Methods: Serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) are the most commonly used markers of this process measured as thiobabituric acid reaction substances (TBARS). The MDA-TBA adduct has a colorimetric measurement of 532 nm. A total of 50 T2D patients and a group of 40 healthy controls participated in this study. Results: The MDA concentrations of the 40 healthy controls ranged from 0.699 to 2.684 ? mol/l. The serum levels of MDA concentration in type 2 diabetes patients were significantly elevated (P<0.001) compared with the healthy controls. MDA levels were significantly correlated (P<0.05) with conventional cardiovascular risk factors (age, Glu, LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, UA, waist circumference, and blood pressure). Conclusion: Serum levels of MDA were significantly increased in T2D patients. It may be a good marker for lipid peroxidation or an oxidative stress event that is implicated in various pathological conditions.
The Discriminant Effect of Perceived Value on Travel Intention: Visitor vs. on-Visitors

This research examines the discriminant effects of perceived value on travel intention while comparing the differences between previous visitors and non-visitors, using the data obtained from a list of individuals who had requested information about Florida Keys. The results indicated that previous visitors had significant higher perceived values than non-visitors did, while some previous visitors had low intentions to revisit Florida Keys because they wanted to visit other destinations in the foreseeable future. This highlights the importance of perceived value as well as novelty seeking in the formation of travel intention.
EVALUATION OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN BROWN HARE POPULATIONS FROM TWO PROTECTED AREAS IN NORTHERN ITALY

The brown hare ( Lepus europaeus ) is widely distributed throughout Europe where it constitutes an important game species. However, there is concern about its conservation because the number of European hares has drastically declined in Europe since the 1960s and the species is now considered at low risk of extinction. During the last decades, several countries have carried out restocking programs with the introduction of allochthonous individuals. We analyzed 109 blood samples from two brown hare populations captured in two protected areas in northern Italy, where no animals have been released in the last 20 years, to assess genetic variability and inbreeding status for management and conservation purposes. For this study, eight microsatellites markers were selected from those described in the literature and two multiplex PCR reactions were optimised. The number of alleles per locus, allelic frequencies, observed and expected heterozygosity, and inbreeding coefficient were then calculated. Our results revealed good genetic variability in both populations. Analysis of brown hare populations in a larger number of protected areas would be useful for improving their management through wider genetic characterization of populations for restocking programs, more accurate measurement of their genetic distances, evaluation of the reduction in their genetic variability and gene flows among adjacent areas, and perhaps detection of the introduction of allochthonous animals.
Oestrogen-like effect of genistein on follicle - stimulating hormone release in ovariectomized ewes *

(Received 25 July 2006; revised version 4 October 2006; accepted 6 November 2006)ABSTRACTPhytoestrogens, plant-derived oestrogen-like compounds exert numerous effects on the reproductive functions of animals. The present study was designed to demonstrate if exogenous genistein infused during the breeding season into the third ventricle of the brain of ovariectomized (OVX) ewes could affect the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) release from the pituitary cells. Two year old OVX ewes (n=8) were infused with vehicle (control, n=3) or genistein (10 µg/100 µl/h, n=5) into the third ventricle. The infusions were done from 10.00 to 14.00 h and blood samples collection was performed this day from 8.00 up to 20.00 h and next day from 8.00 to 10.00 h. The animals were slaughtered thereafter. FSH cells in the adenohypophysis were localized by immunohistochemistry. Plasma FSH concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the number of immunoreactive (IR) FSH cells in the adenohypophysis and IR material stored in these cells increased in genistein-infused animals, microscopic observations were conﬁrmed by statistical analysis (P<0.001). The concentrations of FSH was signiﬁcantly lower 20 h after genistein infusions, as compared to the values noted in vehicle infused ewes (34.18±1.36 vs 40.62±2.69; P<0,05), respectively. The presented results demonstrated that genistein could affect the FSH release in the OVX ewes.KEY WORDS: genistein, FSH, ovariectomy, ewes
A quantitative model of the planetary Na + contribution to Mercury’s magnetosphere

Abstract. We examine the circulation of heavy ions of planetary origin within Mercury’s magnetosphere. Using single particle trajectory calculations, we focus on the dynamics of sodium ions, one of the main species that are ejected from the planet’s surface. The numerical simulations reveal a significant population in the near-Mercury environment in the nightside sector, with energetic (several keV) Na + densities that reach several tenths cm-3 at planetary perihelion. At aphelion, a lesser (by about one order of magnitude) density contribution is obtained, due to weaker photon flux and solar wind flux. The numerical simulations also display several features of interest that follow from the small spatial scales of Mercury’s magnetosphere. First, in contrast to the situation prevailing at Earth, ions in the magnetospheric lobes are found to be relatively energetic (a few hundreds of eV), despite the low-energy character of the exospheric source. This results from enhanced centrifugal acceleration during E × B transport over the polar cap. Second, the large Larmor radii in the mid-tail result in the loss of most Na + into the dusk flank at radial distances greater than a few planetary radii. Because gyroradii are comparable to, or larger than, the magnetic field variation length scale, the Na + motion is also found to be non-adiabatic throughout most of Mercury’s equatorial magnetosphere, leading to chaotic scattering into the loss cone or meandering (Speiser-type) motion in the near-tail. As a direct consequence, a localized region of energetic Na + precipitation develops at the planet’s surface. In this region which extends over a wide range of longitudes at mid-latitudes ( ~ 30°–40°), one may expect additional sputtering of planetary material. Key words. Magnetospheric physics (planetary magnetospheres) – Space plasma physics (charged particle motion and acceleration; numerical simulation studies)
GGE-Biplot Analysis of Multi-Environment Yield Trials in Bread Wheat

Yield data of 25 bread wheat genotypes tested across 9 rain-fed environments during the 2002-2003 growing season were analyzed using the GGE (i.e. G, genotype + GEI, genotype-by-environment interaction) biplot method. E (environment) explained 81% of the total (G + E + GE) variation, whereas G and GEI captured 7.3% and 11.7%, respectively. The first 2 principal components (PC1 and PC2) were used to create a 2-dimensional GGE-biplot and explained 46.2% and 15.8% of GGE sum of squares (SS), respectively. Genotypic PC1 scores >0 detected the adaptable and/or higher-yielding genotypes, while PC1 scores <0 discriminated the non-adaptable and/or lower-yielding ones. Unlike genotypic PC1 scores, near-zero PC2 scores identified stable genotypes, whereas absolute larger PC2 scores detected the unstable ones. On the other hand, environmental PC1 scores were related to non-crossover type GEIs and the PC2 scores to the crossover type. Of the tested genotypes, G7, G19 and G24 were desirable in terms of higher yielding ability and stability. Nine test environments were sampled from the Central Anatolian Plateau and constituted 2 mega-environments (ME1 and ME2). The former included environments E1 (Konya), E3 (Obruk), E5 (Haymana) and E8 (Uflak), and the latter included E2 (Cumra), E4 (Ereli), E6 (Ulafl), E7 (Eskiflehir) and E9 (Alt›ntafl). On the other hand, E2 (Cumra) was the best representative of the overall environments and the most powerful to discriminate genotypes.
Application of a conceptual framework to interpret variability in rangeland responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment

SUMMARY Plant productivity and other ecosystem processes vary widely in their responses to experimental increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. A conceptual framework first suggested by Chapin et al. (1996) was adapted to address the question of why CO2 effects on primary productivity vary so greatly among rangelands and among years for a given ecosystem. The ‘interactive controls’ framework is based on the premise that the influence of elevated CO2 on productivity is governed by a set of internal variables that interact dynamically with ecosystem processes. These interactive controls, which include regional climate, soil resource supply, major functional groups of organisms and disturbance regimes, both regulate CO2 effects on ecosystems and respond to CO2 effects. Changes in interactive controls resulting from CO2 enrichment may feed back to dampen or amplify ecosystem responses to CO2. Most feedbacks from interactive controls will be negative and dampen CO2 effects on ecosystems. Negative feedbacks promote homeostasis in ecosystem processes and reduce the response of plant productivity to CO2. Positive feedbacks on CO2 responses are fewer, but can sustain or even increase benefits of CO2 enrichment for productivity. Positive feedbacks on CO2 responses occur most frequently through changes in plant species and functional group composition. Understanding positive and negative feedbacks on CO2 responses could be one key to predicting consequences of CO2 enrichment for rangeland productivity and other processes.
Global correlation analysis for NDVI and climatic variables and NDVI trends: 1982-1990

The relationship between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and climatic variables was analysed on a global scale using the Pathfinder AVHRR Land NDVI data set, and observed climate data for the period 1982-1990. A significant correlation between interannual NDVI and temperature variation was recognized in the northern mid- to high latitude areas between spring and autumn. A significant correlation was also identified between the NDVI, temperature and precipitation in northern and southern semiarid regions. A comparison of global NDVI trends show that NDVI increases in the northern mid- and high latitudinal zones are related to temperature rise, and NDVI decreases in southern semiarid regions are due to a precipitation decrease in the survey period. Although the cause of NDVI increases in the equatorial regions remains unclear, the combined effects of forest regrowth, deforestation and fertilization may impact on the NDVI trend.
The Efficacy of Community Based Intervention in Newborn Care Practices and Neonatal Illness Management in Morang District of Nepal

Background: In developing countries like Nepal, most of the births take place in the home, where high-risk care practices are common. This study is focused to find the efficacy of a community based intervention in newborn care practices and neonatal illness management in Morang district of Nepal. Methods: In Morang district of Nepal, intervention (base line & follow on) and non intervention (control) area were randomly selected. A community based program was launched in intervention area. The program mobilized the female community health volunteer (FCHV) to provide antenatal service (ANC), essential newborn care (ENC) and identify, assess and basic management of sick newborn. The survey included 624, 620 and 613 eligible married women of reproductive age (MWRA) in baseline (BSL), follow on (FON) and non intervention (NI) group respectively. During the survey, data regarding ANC services, clean and safe delivery, implementing ENC practices and managing ill babies were collected. The data, thus collected were analyzed using SPSS for windows. Results: The population characteristics of all the three groups; BSL, FON and NI were similar. The number of women receiving ANC service increased from 85.4% to 89% after intervention. The practice of home delivery was low in FON (64.8%) than BSL (69.6%) and NI (70.1%). In case of home delivery, presence of skilled and trained attendant increased to 60.6% with introduction of intervention program. The total illness rate in BSL, FON and NI groups were 41.2%, 38.2% & 29.7% respectively. The most commonly observed danger sign was respiratory problem 38.1%, 41.8% and 30.2% respectively in three groups. A significant improvement was seen in ENC practices of early breastfeeding, cord care, warming baby and delay in bathing practices in FON group (p<0.005). The fatality rate in FON group was low (3.2%) than BSL (14.1%) and NI (15.6%). Conclusion: Neonatal illness can be diagnosed and managed earlier if proper training is given to grass root level health worker. The intervention in Morang district showed the reduced neonatal fatality rate and this program can be extended in other rural areas of Nepal. (Life Science Journal. 2009; 6(4): 34 - 40) (ISSN: 1097 - 8135)