Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlación de los niveles de dopamina plasmática entre perros con distintos tipos de agresividad

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a link existed between the amounts of plasma dopamine (DAp) and aggressive behavior in canine patients. For such purpose, we worked with two groups: one group of fifteen male, non-castrated, mostly adult dogs with no signs of disease and diagnosed as aggressive through the application of an ethological protocol; and another group of five dogs (control group) with the same characteristics as the group under study, except without the behavioral problems. Individual, environmental and behavioral characteristics associated to the DAp concentrations through the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), coupled to an electrochemical detector, were determined for each group. The results from the group under study revealed mostly dominance (73%), intraspecific (14%) and territorial (13%) aggression, and signs of anxiety were also detected in 73% of them. Regarding DAp values, 53% of the dogs obtained values below 0.04 ng/ml, while it was not possible to determine an average value for the remaining 47%, due to the extent of their distribution. DAp values for the control group were less than 0.04 ng/ml. Through an ANDEVA of least squares means, it was determined that 64% of the plasma concentrations of DA were explained by anxiety, which was not the case for aggressive behaviors.
Association between flower stalk elongation, an Arabidopsis developmental trait, and the subcellular location and movement dynamics of the nonstructural protein P3 of Turnip mosaic virus

Abstract Virus infections affect plant developmental traits but this aspect of the interaction has not been extensively studied so far. Two strains of Turnip mosaic virus differentially affect Arabidopsis development, especially flower stalk elongation, which allowed phenotypical, cellular, and molecular characterization of the viral determinant, the P3 protein. Transiently expressed wild‐type green fluorescent protein‐tagged P3 proteins of both strains and selected mutants of them revealed important differences in their behaviour as endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐associated peripheral proteins flowing along the reticulum, forming punctate accumulations. Three‐dimensional (3D) model structures of all expressed P3 proteins were computationally constructed through I‐TASSER protein structure predictions, which were used to compute protein surfaces and map electrostatic potentials to characterize the effect of amino acid changes on features related to protein interactions and to phenotypical and subcellular results. The amino acid at position 279 was the main determinant affecting stalk development. It also determined the speed of ER‐flow of the expressed proteins and their final location. A marked change in the protein surface electrostatic potential correlated with changes in subcellular location. One single amino acid in the P3 viral protein determines all the analysed differential characteristics between strains differentially affecting flower stalk development. A model proposing a role of the protein in the intracellular movement of the viral replication complex, in association with the viral 6K2 protein, is proposed. The type of association between both viral proteins could differ between the strains.
Phytochemical cues affect hunting-site choices of a nursery web spider (Pisaura mirabilis) but not a crab spider (Misumena vatia)

Abstract Predaceous arthropods such as spiders are often adapted to hunting sites where their hunting success is greatest. We investigated the responses of two spiders to phytochemical cues that they potentially experience while hunting on leaves or flowers, and how these cues could influence their decisions where to forage. We compared the behavior of two sit-and-wait predators, Pisaura mirabilis and Misumena vatia, which hunt predominantly in the vegetation or on flowers, respectively. In choice tests, P. mirabilis frequently preferred leaves and leaf extracts to flowers and floral extracts and avoided substrates treated with the common floral scents β-caryophyllene and nerolidol (sesquiterpenes) in natural concentrations. In contrast, M. vatia did not show any preferences for any of the substrates and treatments offered. The lack of responses by M. vatia contrasts with earlier studies on another crab spider species (Thomisus spectabilis) that used phytochemical cues as a guide to rewarding flowers. The avoidance of many flowers, their extracts, and the floral scent compounds by P. mirabilis suggests that these cues may prevent the visitation by this and other generalised predators that potentially decrease the pollination success of a plant.
An Intelligent Route Computation Approach Based on Real-Time Deep Learning Strategy for Software Defined Communication Systems

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is regarded as the next generation paradigm as it simplifies the structure of the data plane and improves the resource utilization. However, in current Software Defined Communication Systems (SDCSs), the maximum or minimum metric value based routing strategies come from traditional networks, which lack the ability of self-adaptation and do not efficiently utilize the computation resource in the controllers. To solve these problems, in this paper, we utilize the deep learning technique to conduct the routing computation for the SDCSs. Specifically, in our proposal, the considered Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are adopted to intelligently compute the paths according to the input real-time traffic traces. To reduce the computation overhead of the central controller and improve the adaptation of CNNs to the changing traffic pattern, we consider an online training manner. Analysis shows that the computation complexity can be significantly reduced through the online training manner. Moreover, the simulation results demonstrate that our proposed CNNs are able to compute the appropriate paths combinations with high accuracy. Furthermore, the adopted periodical retraining enables the deep learning structures to adapt to the traffic changes.
Polymorphism and Divergence of Novel Gene Expression Patterns in Drosophila melanogaster

One mechanism by which transcriptomes evolve is though tissue-specific gene expression. Cridland et al. measured gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster in five tissues: accessory gland, testis, larval salivary gland, head, and first. Transcriptomes may evolve by multiple mechanisms, including the evolution of novel genes, the evolution of transcript abundance, and the evolution of cell, tissue, or organ expression patterns. Here, we focus on the last of these mechanisms in an investigation of tissue and organ shifts in gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster. In contrast to most investigations of expression evolution, we seek to provide a framework for understanding the mechanisms of novel expression patterns on a short population genetic timescale. To do so, we generated population samples of D. melanogaster transcriptomes from five tissues: accessory gland, testis, larval salivary gland, female head, and first-instar larva. We combined these data with comparable data from two outgroups to characterize gains and losses of expression, both polymorphic and fixed, in D. melanogaster. We observed a large number of gain- or loss-of-expression phenotypes, most of which were polymorphic within D. melanogaster. Several polymorphic, novel expression phenotypes were strongly influenced by segregating cis-acting variants. In support of previous literature on the evolution of novelties functioning in male reproduction, we observed many more novel expression phenotypes in the testis and accessory gland than in other tissues. Additionally, genes showing novel expression phenotypes tend to exhibit greater tissue-specific expression. Finally, in addition to qualitatively novel expression phenotypes, we identified genes exhibiting major quantitative expression divergence in the D. melanogaster lineage.
Evaluating entrectinib as a treatment option for non-small cell lung cancer

ABSTRACT Introduction Entrectinib, an oral pan-TRK, ALK, and ROS1 inhibitor is approved as a first-line treatment for NTRK-rearranged solid tumors and ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It has demonstrated clinical efficacy for patients harboring the relevant gene rearrangement in both systemic and intracranial disease, regardless of the tumor type. Areas covered In this review, the authors analyzed data from preclinical and clinical studies, the characteristics of entrectinib compared to those of other relevant inhibitors (currently available and/or under investigation), and the emerging resistance mechanisms. The authors then provide the readers with their future perspectives. Expert opinion Entrectinib has been well studied across many tumor types, including NSCLC with ALK, ROS1, and NTRK rearrangements. The drug has demonstrated favorable properties with oral administration, prolonged response duration, high intracranial efficacy, and a favorable toxicity profile. However, with acquisition of resistance and the development of newer generation TKIs, the optimal place for entrectinib in the landscape of targeted therapies for NSCLC warrants further validation.
Ten-year Trends in Surgical Mortality, Complications, and Failure to Rescue in Medicare Beneficiaries.

MINI: This study examines how reductions in postoperative complications and improvements in failure to rescue have contributed to improvements in surgical mortality over the past decade. Improvements in rescue explained the majority of observed improvements in surgical mortality, whereas decreased complication rates explained a small proportion of this improvement. OBJECTIVE To evaluate how changes in complication and failure to rescue rates influence hospitals' postoperative mortality rates. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Surgical mortality has declined over the last decade, but the mechanisms underlying these improvements are unknown. Specifically, the relative impact of reducing postoperative complications versus improving "failure to rescue" remains unclear. METHODS Using Medicare claims data, we performed a retrospective study of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, pulmonary resection, colectomy, and pancreatectomy patients. We examined risk-adjusted 30-day mortality, serious complications, and failure to rescue for these patients in from 2005 to 2014 (n = 702,268 patients in 3404 hospitals). Hospitals were then stratified into quintiles by their change in mortality over time. RESULTS After stratifying by reductions in mortality from 2005 to 2014, the top 20% of hospitals decreased mortality by 37% (9.0%-5.7%, P < 0.001), decreased serious complications by 11% (15.2%-13.5%, P < 0.001), and decreased failure to rescue by 25% (25.2%-18.9%, P < 0.001). In contrast, the bottom 20% of hospitals increased mortality by 12% (6.9%-7.7%, P < 0.001), increased serious complications by 5% (14.6%-15.4%, P < 0.001), and increased failure to rescue by 4% (21.5%-22.3%, P < 0.001). Partitioning of variance demonstrated that decreased failure to rescue explained 64% of improvement in hospitals' mortality over time, whereas decreased serious complications accounted for only 5% of this improvement. CONCLUSIONS Hospitals with the largest reductions in surgical mortality achieved these improvements primarily through reducing failure to rescue rates and not by reducing serious complication rates. This suggests that hospitals aiming to reduce surgical mortality should engage in efforts focused on improving rescue.
Optimal Sampling in Joint Time- and Graph-Domains for Dynamic Complex Networks

Many engineering, social, and biological complex systems consist of dynamical elements connected via a large-scale network. Monitoring the network's dynamics is essential for a variety of maintenance and scientific purposes. Whilst we understand how to optimally sample a single dynamic element or a non-dynamic graph, we do not possess a theory on how to optimally sample networked dynamical elements. Here, we study nonlinear dynamic graph signals. We define the necessary conditions for optimal sampling in the combining time- and graph-domain to fully recover the networked dynamics. We firstly interpret the networked dynamics into a linearized matrix. Then, We prove that the dynamic signals can be sampled and fully recovered if the networked dynamics is stable and their initialization is bandlimited. This new theory directly maps optimal sampling locations and rates to the graph properties and governing nonlinear dynamics. This can inform the optimal placement of experimental probes and sensors on dynamical networks as well as inform the design of each sensor's optimal sampling rate. We motivate the reader with two examples of recovering the networked dynamics for: social population growth and networked protein biochemical interactions with both bandlimited and arbitrary initialization.
Pregnancy after the replacement of a frozen-thawed embryo with >50% intact blastomeres

Early embryo freezing with saccharose and propanediol gives a survival rate of 62% of the embryos if 4 cell embryos with only one intact blastomere after thawing are included. The first pregnancy achieved with such an embryo is reported as well as preliminary results obtained in our IVF programme using the French method.
Light regulation of photosynthetic genes

Light influences plant development at various levels of gene expression. Preferentially photosynthetic genes are light controlled. In the nuclear-cytosolic compartment this regulation occurs primarily at the level of transcription. To date, the light regulation of chloroplast genes has been observed mainly at the level of translation. However, mainly fully mature chloroplasts have been analyzed and the situation might be different in young chloroplasts, as has been found earlier for nuclear transcription. Finally, regulation also occurs by posttranslational modification. The involvement of the circadian clock in the regulation of gene expression is described in detail. During these studies it has been found that the circadian oscillator influences gene expression at various levels, probably resulting in the coordination of processes which might be harmful to the plant. The synthesis of chlorophylls as well as of their corresponding apoproteins are co-regulated and reduce dangerous radical formation, especially at the higher light intensities. The maxima of chlorophyll and binding apoproteins occur during the first half of the light phase while other, presumably light-insensitive processes, are shifted to the dark phase. Under light stress, e.g. full sunlight at 5°C, a different set of genes is activated; these include proteins such as catalases, peroxidases, superoxide dismutase or ELIPs, which are upregulated while the well known ‘light-in-ducible genes’ are down-regulated under light stress conditions.
Limited role of mast cells during infection with the parasitic nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis

Mast cells are innate effector cells that due to their localization in the tissue form the first line of defense against parasites. We have previously shown that specifically mucosal mast cells were essential for the termination of the intestinal Strongyloides ratti infection. Here, we analyze the impact of mast cells on the immune response and defense against the tissue-dwelling filarial nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis using mast cell-deficient Cpa3cre mice. Despite an increase and an activation of mast cells at the site of infection in wildtype BALB/c mice the outcome of L. sigmodontis infection was not changed in mast cell-deficient BALB/c Cpa3cre mice. In Cpa3cre mice neither vascular permeability induced by blood-sucking mites nor the migration of L3 was altered compared to Cpa3 wildtype littermates. Worm burden in the thoracic cavity was alike in the presence and absence of mast cells during the entire course of infection. Although microfilaremiae in the peripheral blood increased in mast cell-deficient mice at some time points, the infection was cleared with comparable kinetics in the presence and absence of mast cells. Moreover, mast cell deficiency had no impact on the cytokine and antibody response to L. sigmodontis. In summary, our findings suggest that mast cells are not mandatory for the initiation of an appropriate immune response and host defense during L. sigmodontis infection in mice.
The nuclear and organellar tRNA-derived RNA fragment population in Arabidopsis thaliana is highly dynamic

In the expanding repertoire of small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) have been identiﬁed in all domains of life. Their existence in plants has been already proven but no detailed analysis has been performed. Here, short tRFs of 19–26 nucleotides were retrieved from Arabidopsis thaliana small RNA libraries obtained from various tissues, plants submitted to abiotic stress or fractions immunoprecipitated with ARGONAUTE 1 (AGO1). Large differences in the tRF populations of each extract were observed. Depending on the tRNA, either tRF-5D (due to a cleavage in the D region) or tRF-3T (via a cleavage in the T region) were found and hot spots of tRNA cleavages have been identiﬁed. Interestingly, up to 25% of the tRFs originate from plastid tRNAs and we provide evidence that mitochondrial tRNAs can also be a source of tRFs. Very speciﬁc tRF-5D deriving not only from nucleus-encoded but also from plastid-encoded tRNAs are strongly enriched in AGO1 immunoprecipitates. We demonstrate that the organellar tRFs are not found within chloroplasts or mitochondria but rather accumulate outside the organelles. These observations suggest that some organellar tRFs could play regulatory functions within the plant cell and may be part of a signaling pathway.
Molecular analysis of the bacterial diversity in a specialized consortium for diesel oil degradation

Diesel oil is a compound derived from petroleum, consisting primarily of hydrocarbons. Poor conditions in transportation and storage of this product can contribute significantly to accidental spills causing serious ecological problems in soil and water and affecting the diversity of the microbial environment. The cloning and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene is one of the molecular techniques that allows estimation and comparison of the microbial diversity in different environmental samples. The aim of this work was to estimate the diversity of microorganisms from the Bacteria domain in a consortium specialized in diesel oil degradation through partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. After the extraction of DNA metagenomics, the material was amplified by PCR reaction using specific oligonucleotide primers for the 16S rRNA gene. The PCR products were cloned into a pGEM-T-Easy vector (Promega), and Escherichia coli was used as the host cell for recombinant DNAs. The partial clone sequencing was obtained using universal oligonucleotide primers from the vector. The genetic library obtained generated 431 clones. All the sequenced clones presented similarity to phylum Proteobacteria, with Gammaproteobacteria the most present group (49.8 % of the clones), followed by Alphaproteobacteira (44.8 %) and Betaproteobacteria (5.4 %). The Pseudomonas genus was the most abundant in the metagenomic library, followed by the Parvibaculum and the Sphingobium genus, respectively. After partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA, the diversity of the bacterial consortium was estimated using DOTUR software. When comparing these sequences to the database from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), a strong correlation was found between the data generated by the software used and the data deposited in NCBI.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW AUTOMATIC TESTING SYSTEM FOR DIGITAL CIRCUITS BASED ON THE SIGNATURE ANALYSIS

This paper presents the design and implementation of a new automatic test equipment (ATE) for digital circuits based on the signature analysis. This testing system approach is designed to apply the test pattern generated either by a pseudorandom test pattern generator (PRTPG) or by a deterministic test pattern generator (DTPG) to the circuit under test (CUT). The response of the CUT is compacted by signature analyzer. The generated signature is automatically transferred to the personal computer (PC) through the parallel port of the personal computer (PC). This signature is stored on a file and displayed on the screen of the PC. The timing controller card and the control port of the parallel port generate all control signals to control all steps of the test cycle for proper operation. The PC equipped with a software part. It is designed to receive the signature automatically. Good signatures are generated from the good CUT and the measured signatures are generated from the CUT. Determination of whether the measured signature is good or bad is then made by comparing with those of the golden unit. Bad signatures are then traced back to locate the source of the fault.
Non-Syndromic Orofacial Cleft Malformations in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

This retrospective, hospital based study aims to investigate demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with orofacial cleft in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from 2005 to 2015. Hospital surgical records from three main sources, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Bagedo and Dr. Erfan Hospital and Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital were used to identify all consecutive surgical cases with orofacial cleft referred to these hospitals. Information about age, sex, cleft types, site, maternal risk factors, associated pediatrics problems and treatment were recorded. The most common type was cleft lip and palate (40.15%), then isolated cleft palate (35.61%) and isolated cleft lip (24.24%). Maternal risk factor was mostly smoking (4.55%); pediatrics complication was mostly speech abnormalities and dental problems (75.00%); post-operative complication was mostly speech abnormalities (72.54%). Our study reveals that epidemiologic aspects of orofacial cleft in Jeddah are very similar to other Caucasian populations with a predominance of cleft lip, unilateral left side. Routine screening such as chest x-ray and ruling out hearing and speech problems as well as genetic counseling and karyotyping may be necessary in these patients. Better understanding of demographic and clinical characteristics may help guide clinical care as well as contribute to an improved understanding of pathogenesis.
Narcissistic T cells: reactivity to self makes a difference

It has been appreciated for more than three decades that the interactions between the T‐cell antigen receptor and self‐antigens are the major determinants of the cell fates of developing thymocytes and the establishment of central tolerance. However, recent evidence shows that the level of self‐reactivity substantially contributes to fate choices of positively selected mature T cells in homeostasis, as well as during immune responses. This implies that individual clones of peripheral T cells are predisposed to specific functional properties based on the self‐reactivity of their antigen receptors. Overall, the relative difference in the self‐reactivity among peripheral T cells is an important factor contributing to the diversity of T‐cell responses to foreign antigens.
Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances Associated With Increased Susceptibility to Liver Injury in Children

Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread and persistent pollutants that have been shown to have hepatotoxic effects in animal models. However, human evidence is scarce. We evaluated how prenatal exposure to PFAS associates with established serum biomarkers of liver injury and alterations in serum metabolome in children.