Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Miniaturized Wideband Bandpass Filter Utilizing Square Ring Resonator and Loaded Open-Stub

In this paper, a miniaturized wideband bandpass fllter utilizing a square ring resonator and loaded open-stubs is proposed. One pair of bent open-stubs characterized as perturbations is installed outside the diagonal corners of the ring, and another pair of loaded open-stubs is added inside the ring resonator. By stretching the perturbation stubs more than half-wavelength of the ring, three pairs of degenerated modes in a ring are split for wideband operation. The flrst two split modes form the dominant passband. Meanwhile, the loading efiect introduced by the loaded open-stubs could move the third split mode into the dominant passband. At the same time, an additional transmission zero is generated by the loaded open- stub, which improves the skirt selectivity. Due to the applying of the perturbation stubs as long as more than half-wavelength, this kind of wideband microstrip ring resonator fllter occupies a smaller size than those conventional ones that based on ring resonator. To verify the mechanism above, a wideband bandpass fllter centered at 3.5GHz is designed, implemented, and fabricated. Measured results of experimental circuit show good agreement with simulated responses.
Understanding Road Congestion as an Emergent Property of Traffic Networks

Despite a considerable amount of research into the modelling of traffic flow through road networks, a clear understanding of the conditions that cause and exacerbate urban road congestion remains elusive. This paper presents a novel approach to this problem, by identifying congestion as an unintentional emergent property of driver-to-driver interactions. It is described how human interaction is a constant and important intrinsic property of city driving, and how these interactions can lead to explicit phenomena. A framework is presented for the further analysis of congestion at three spatial levels, and the driver behaviours that may be of most significance at each described. Building on this model, the paper presents a case study carried out at the highly congested Blackwall Tunnel in London. In providing evidence for some of the concepts described in this paper, the case study demonstrates how human behaviour causes the emergence of road congestion. The concepts and framework presented in this paper represent a strong starting point for further understanding and eventual modelling of the occurrence and spread of road congestion.
A Flooding Induced Station Blackout Analysis for a Pressurized Water Reactor Using the RISMC Toolkit

In this paper we evaluate the impact of a power uprate on a pressurized water reactor (PWR) for a tsunami-induced flooding test case. This analysis is performed using the RISMC toolkit: the RELAP-7 and RAVEN codes. RELAP-7 is the new generation of system analysis codes that is responsible for simulating the thermal-hydraulic dynamics of PWR and boiling water reactor systems. RAVEN has two capabilities: to act as a controller of the RELAP-7 simulation (e.g., component/system activation) and to perform statistical analyses. In our case, the simulation of the flooding is performed by using an advanced smooth particle hydrodynamics code called NEUTRINO. The obtained results allow the user to investigate and quantify the impact of timing and sequencing of events on system safety. In addition, the impact of power uprate is determined in terms of both core damage probability and safety margins.
The Effect of Stretching and Strengthening on Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Although there is considerable research on stretches and strengthening exercises that could help improve function, pain, strength, and flexibility associated with the symptoms of patellofemoral pain, more research on how beneficial stretching and strengthening is compared to just stretching is needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stretching and strengthening as compared to just stretching alone on flexibility, strength, function, and pain in participants with at least 50% of the symptoms and predispositions associated with patellofemoral pain. The design consisted of a control group that completed basic stretching, while the treatment group received stretching and strengthening exercises. Participants were individually evaluated before the study and at the conclusion of the study. Participants’ evaluations involved basic manipulation to check for abnormalities, measure of flexibility, measure of strength through an estimated one repetition maximum, a visual analogue scale to measure pain level, and Lysholm knee rating to determine functionality. Seven participants completed the study, three in the treatment group and four in the control group. Nonparametric tests and effect size calculations revealed no statistically significant differences between the flexibility, strength, function, and pain level of the control and treatment group at the end of the study. All participants did realize non-significant increases in functionality and a decrease in pain, but the causes of the improvements cannot be seen as a direct result of the treatment received during the study. Over half the participants had at least a 10% decrease in symptoms associated with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome from the initial evaluation to the final evaluation. All but one participant had over a 5% decrease in symptoms.
Self-reported diabetes mellitus and its association with overweight in older adults

Doi: 10.5007/1980-0037.2011v13n6p442 Abstract - This study aimed to identify the prevalence of self-reported diabetes mellitus in the older adults in Florianopolis and its relationship with being overweight. 857 older adults took part in the study. Sociodemographic (sex, age group, schooling, monthly in- come), anthropometric (weight, height), usual physical activity, arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus information was collected. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was adopted to diagnose the overweight. The adjustment variables were: sociodemographic, usual physical activity and arterial hypertension. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 13.5% (male = 12.1%; female = 14.8%; p<0.05) and the overweight was 59.4% (male = 58.0%; female = 60.7%; p=0.40). A higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus was observed in the older adults who were overweight. The overweight was positively associated with diabetes, regardless of sex, age, schooling, monthly income, usual physical activity and arterial hypertension. One can conclude that overweight in the older adults in Florianopolis was an independent factor and positively associated with diabetes mellitus.
A practical comparison of evolutionary robotics and probabilistic robotics on the task of robot following

In the field of mobile robotics, different approaches exist for executing a task using the inherently noisy sensor data. In this thesis, the performance in practice of both evolutionary robotics and probabilistic robotics is compared concerning the task of robot following, by using Khepera III robots. Each approach has its challenges; the evolutionary robotics approach needs a high quality simulation of the Khepera III, whereas probabilistic robotics requires careful calibration of the robot and an effecient implementation of a probabilistic filter. The evolutionary robotics approach resulted in a very low benefit to invested time ratio, resulting in controllers which failed to do the task most of the time. The probabilistic approach led to the implementation of an accurate particle filter for robot localization, which could be used for detecting and following dynamic obstacles. The developed particle filter can be reused for solving more complex tasks, whereas this is unlikely for the results from the evolutionary robotics experiments.
Significance of different non-invasive markers in diagnosis of latent myocarditis in comparison with biopsy data

1Факультетская терапевтическая клиника им. В. Н. Виноградова ГБОУ ВПО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова»; 2кафедра патологической анатомии ГБОУ ВПО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова»; 3ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б. В. Петровского», Москва, Россия; 4лаборатории молекулярно-генетических методов ФГБУ «Научный центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В. И. Кулакова», Москва, Россия; 5лаборатория иммуногистохимии ФГБУ «Федеральный научный центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов им. акад. В. И. Шумакова», Москва, Россия
Análisis de los hábitos de trabajo autónomo de los alumnos de cara al sistema de créditos ECTS

El nuevo sistema de créditos ECTS obliga a tener en cuenta el tiempo de trabajo autónomo del alumno. Aunque los profesores suelen hacer estimaciones, rara vez cuentan con datos reales. En este artículo se refleja un proceso de análisis de hábitos de trabajo autónomo durante el segundo cuatrimestre del curso 2003-2004, en una asignatura de Metodología de la Programación. Además de ofrecer información específica que puede ser utilizable en circunstancias parecidas, se pretende plantear una posible vía de actuación para realizar estudios similares en otras asignaturas.
Characterization of Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Wafers Fracture Strength and Influencing Factors

Silicon wafer thickness reduction without increasing the wafer strength leads to a high fracture rate during subsequent handling and processing steps. Cracking of solar cells has also become one of the major sources of solar module failure and rejection. Hence, it is important to evaluate the mechanical strength of silicon solar wafers and factors influencing this. The purpose of this work is to understand the fracture behaviour of multicrystalline silicon wafers and to provide information regarding the bending strength of the wafers. The effects on silicon wafer strength of saw damage and of, grain size, grain boundaries and triple junctions are investigated. Also the effects of surface roughness and of the damage layer removal process are considered. Significant changes in fracture strength are found as a result of different silicon wafer crystallinity and surface roughness. It was found that fracture strength of the processed silicon wafer is mainly affected by the following factors: the thickness of the saw-damage layer (cracks length), surface roughness, cracks/defects at the edges and the amount of grain boundaries, serving as potential crack initiation points.
Learning and Identification of human upper-limb muscle synergies in daily-life tasks with autoencoders

Introduction Human motor control underlies all human activities, such as reaching and grasping an object. Although the task space seems simple and low-dimensional, the number of actually involved actuators, i.e., muscles, is significantly higher than the effective degrees of freedom. Due to this anatomical redundancy, muscles shall work in a synergistic manner which leads to a lowdimensional synergy space and ergo a synergy-based control [1,2]. In fact, several studies have focused on human upper-limb muscle synergies either of only local muscles [3], or in isometric tasks [1][3], or in specifically designed tasks [4]. In the present work, instead of such specific conditions, more general and daily-life cases are considered and analyzed. Systematic experiments are conducted in order to gather the relevant multi-joint motion trajectories and multi-muscle surface electromyograms (sEMG), as well as identify task-dependent muscle synergies.
Analyzing the Moderating Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on The Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention

In the past years, the entrepreneurial undertaking has witnessed fabulous growth across the Indian economy. To further fuel this entrepreneurship wave, many researchers advocate the potential of mass awareness and entrepreneurial education programs among the youth. Past studies done in the context have primarily focused on the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention and behaviour as their primary research objectives. Notably, in many empirical researches, subjective norms were observed to be affecting the attitude towards entrepreneurial conduct and the perceived control over that behaviour. However, few studies have attempted to recognise the position of entrepreneurial training in boosting the entrepreneurial conduct from a cognitive perspective. Within the domain of a cognitive framework, i.e., the theory of planned behaviour, the paper examines how the interaction between entrepreneurship education and subjective norm shapes the perception and attitude towards entrepreneurship. Thus, based on a cognitive approach to explaining behaviour, this study aims to test the moderating role of entrepreneurship education on the relationship between subjective norm and antecedents of entrepreneurial intention mainly entrepreneurial attitude and perceived control behaviour to explain the entrepreneurial behaviour. Also, to explain the existing gap in entrepreneurial growth, gender's influence on subjective norms has been studied with the moderating effect of entrepreneurial education. For analysis, data from a sample of 350 final year MBA graduates is extracted using multi-sample analysis, which is then subjected to structural equation modelling. Results exhibit that entrepreneurship education plays a significant moderating role, by weakening the linkage between subjective norms and perceived behaviour control and reinforcement the connection between subjective norms and entrepreneurial attitude. Results also have necessary implication for the women entrepreneurship.
Historical bias in biodiversity inventories affects the observed environmental niche of the species

It is well known that biodiversity data from historical inventories presents important geographic and taxonomic biases. Due to this, current knowledge on the distribution of most species could be incomplete and biased. We assess how the biases in historical biodiversity data might affect the description of the environmental niche of the species, using exhaustive data on the distribution of dung beetles in Madrid as a case study. We describe the historical process of survey and compare such historical data with the results of an exhaustive survey, identifying the environmental biases in the historical surveys during different periods, and assessing the completeness of the environmental niche of the species provided by historical data through time. Events like the Spanish Civil War affect the tempo and spread of surveys, but the exhaustive work since 1970 provides a good, though incomplete, coverage of the region by 1998. In spite of this, the biases in historical data result in a limited knowledge about the niche of an important number of species. Although nearly a half of the species had the 100% of their niche covered by data in 1998, roughly a third had less than 75%, nearly a fourth less than 50%, and 18 species had to be excluded from the analyses due to the lack of data. Our results point out that data from non-standardized inventories often provide an incomplete description of the environmental responses of most species. Due to this, we highlight that currently predictive models of species distributions present some limitations, since the results of models based in partial information about the environmental niche of the species will be compromised. Therefore, the biases in the available data must be evaluated before constructing predictive maps of species distributions, and taken into account when drawing conclusions or conservation strategies from these maps.
How firms make friends: communities in private-collective innovation

When firms contribute to open source projects, they in fact invest into public goods which may be used by everyone, even by their competitors. This seemingly paradoxical behavior can be explained by the model of private-collective innovation where private investors participate in collective action. Previous literature has shown that companies benefit through the production process providing them with unique incentives such as learning and reputation effects. By contributing to open source projects firms are able to build a network of external individuals and organizations participating in the creation and development of the software. As will be shown in this doctoral dissertation firm-sponsored communities involve the formation of interorganizational relationships which eventually may lead to a source of sustained competitive advantage. However, managing a largely independent open source community is a challenging balancing act between exertion of control to appropriate value creation, and openness in order to gain and preserve credibility and motivate external contributions. Therefore, this dissertation consisting of an introductory chapter and three separate research papers analyzes characteristics of firm-driven open source communities, finds reasons why and mechanisms by which companies facilitate the creation of such networks, and shows how firms can benefit most from their communities.
The Intention in Speeding Behavior between Low and High Intended Young Driver in Urban University

The number of road traffic accidents among young adult aged under 25 years old is an alarming issue in Malaysia. A five pages self-reported questionnaire was distributed to 384 young drivers' to investigate their intention in speeding while driving. Results have shown, the intention to speed among low and high intended based line group revealed a significant difference when it was compared with four types of scenario. Correct stimulation while driving could help drivers to change their intention to speed. This stimulation may be able to reduce the drivers' potential to involve with an accident and will save peoples' life. © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. Keywords : Speeding behavior; intention to speed; young driver’s; urban university
Human Body Tracking and Pose Estimation Using Modified Camshift Algorithm

In this paper, we propose multiple CAMShift Algorithm based on Kalman filter and weighted search windows that extracts skin color area and tracks several human body parts for real-time human tracking system. The CAMShift Algorithm we propose searches the skin color region by detecting the skin color area from background model. Kalman filter stabilizes the floated search area of CAMShift Algorithm. Each occlusion areas are avoided by using weighted window of non-search areas and main-search area. And shadows are eliminated from background model and intensity of shadow. The proposed modified Camshaft algorithm can estimate human pose in real-time and achieves 96.82% accuracy even in the case of occlusions.
An updated climatology of surface dimethlysulfide concentrations and emission fluxes in the global ocean

The potentially significant role of the biogenic trace gas dimethylsulfide (DMS) in determining the Earth's radiation budget makes it necessary to accurately reproduce seawater DMS distribution and quantify its global flux across the sea/air interface. Following a threefold increase of data (from 15,000 to over 47,000) in the global surface ocean DMS database over the last decade, new global monthly climatologies of surface ocean DMS concentration and sea‐to‐air emission flux are presented as updates of those constructed 10 years ago. Interpolation/extrapolation techniques were applied to project the discrete concentration data onto a first guess field based on Longhurst's biogeographic provinces. Further objective analysis allowed us to obtain the final monthly maps. The new climatology projects DMS concentrations typically in the range of 1–7 nM, with higher levels occurring in the high latitudes, and with a general trend toward increasing concentration in summer. The increased size and distribution of the observations in the DMS database have produced in the new climatology substantially lower DMS concentrations in the polar latitudes and generally higher DMS concentrations in regions that were severely undersampled 10 years ago, such as the southern Indian Ocean. Using the new DMS concentration climatology in conjunction with state‐of‐the‐art parameterizations for the sea/air gas transfer velocity and climatological wind fields, we estimate that 28.1 (17.6–34.4) Tg of sulfur are transferred from the oceans into the atmosphere annually in the form of DMS. This represents a global emission increase of 17% with respect to the equivalent calculation using the previous climatology. This new DMS climatology represents a valuable tool for atmospheric chemistry, climate, and Earth System models.
The Feedback Based Mechanism for Video Streaming Over Multipath Ad Hoc Networks

Ad hoc networks are multi-hop wireless networks without a pre-installed infrastructure. Such networks are widely used in military applications and in emergency situations as they permit the establishment of a communication network at very short notice with a very low cost. Video is very sensitive for packet loss and wireless ad-hoc networks are error prone due to node mobility and weak links. High quality video transport under ad hoc network is a challenging task due to low bandwidth, high loss rate, unpredictable node mobility, and severe interference characteristics of such kind of network. End to end packet delivery often exhibits low performance due to one hop-by-hop routing failure and misinterpretation to such failures. Multi path routing has been used to increase the robustness for video over ad-hoc networks. The key idea of proposed schema is based on sending video packets over two disjoint paths beside using buffering technique in special nodes of network. In each of every path there is only one node selected as cache node. The main task of these nodes is to realizing different packet types, buffering some of important video packets, reducing forward traffic rate while detecting loss in network and local error management to overcome high loss rate of video packets. Selecting these nodes in network can be as an agreement between video sender and receiver or based on network topological status. The goal of this work is to reduce network end to end delay and increased quality of service over application layer.