Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantum Atom Optics: Theory and Applications to Quantum Technology

This is a pre-publication version of a forthcoming book on quantum atom optics. It is written as a senior undergraduate to junior graduate level textbook, assuming knowledge of basic quantum mechanics, and covers the basic principles of neutral atom matter wave systems with an emphasis on quantum technology applications. The topics covered include: introduction to second quantization of many-body systems, Bose-Einstein condensation, the order parameter and Gross-Pitaevskii equation, spin dynamics of atoms, spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, atom diffraction, atomic interferometry beyond the standard limit, quantum simulation, squeezing and entanglement with atomic ensembles, quantum information with atomic ensembles. This book would suit students who wish to obtain the necessary skills for working with neutral atom many-body atomic systems, or could be used as a text for an undergraduate or graduate level course (exercises are included throughout). This is a near-final draft of the book, but inevitably errors may be present. If any errors are found, we welcome you to contact us and it will be corrected before publication. (TB: tim.byrnes@nyu.edu, EI: ebube@nyu.edu)
Interactive Feature Generation via Learning Adjacency Tensor of Feature Graph

To automate the generation of interactive features, recent methods are proposed to either explicitly traverse the interactive feature space or implicitly express the interactions via intermediate activations of some designed models. These two kinds of methods show that there is essentially a trade-off between feature interpretability and efficient search. To possess both of their merits, we propose a novel method named Feature Interaction Via Edge Search (FIVES), which formulates the task of interactive feature generation as searching for edges on the defined feature graph. We first present our theoretical evidence that motivates us to search for interactive features in an inductive manner. Then we instantiate this search strategy by alternatively updating the edge structure and the predictive model of a graph neural network (GNN) associated with the defined feature graph. In this way, the proposed FIVES method traverses a trimmed search space and enables explicit feature generation according to the learned adjacency tensor of the GNN. Experimental results on both benchmark and real-world datasets demonstrate the advantages of FIVES over several state-of-the-art methods.
Pico-charged particles explaining 511 keV line and XENON1T signal

There is a robust signal for a 511 keV photon line from the galactic center which may originate from dark matter particles with masses of a few MeV. To avoid the bounds from delayed recombination and from the absence of the line from dwarf galaxies, in 2017, we have proposed a model in which dark matter first decays into a pair of intermediate pico-charged particles $C\bar{C}$ with a lifetime much larger than the age of the universe. The galactic magnetic field accumulates the relativistic $C\bar{C}$ that eventually annihilate, producing the $e^-e^+$ pair that give rise to the 511 keV line. The relativistic pico-charged $C$ particles can scatter on the electrons inside the direct dark matter search detectors imparting a recoil energy of $E_r \sim$~keV. We show that this model can account for the electron recoil excess recently reported by the XENON1T experiment. Moreover, we show that the XENON1T electron recoil data sets the most stringent bound on the lifetime of the dark matter within this model.
Quantitative Evaluation of Functional Instability Due to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency

Background: A safe and simple procedure to evaluate functional instability due to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency (ACLD) has not been established. The angle of trunk backward tilting, which is known as a posture at risk for ACL injuries, could be used as a parameter to evaluate functional instability due to ACLD. Purpose: To measure the backward tilt angle of the trunk with participants standing upright on 1 leg and to investigate its usefulness to quantitatively evaluate functional instability due to ACLD. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Our cohort included 50 participants with unilateral ACLD and 40 participants with bilateral healthy knees. The trunk backward tilt (TBT) test was conducted as follows: the participant was asked to maximally tilt the trunk backward in a single-leg standing position, while forward tilt of the index leg was blocked with a custom-made device. The TBT angle was measured using a side-view photograph. Subjective knee instability during the test was recorded using a visual analog scale (VAS). The relative and absolute reliability of the TBT test were verified in a sample of healthy participants and those with ACLD, and comparisons between indicators were performed. Multiple regression analysis was performed with the injured/uninjured side ratio (I/U ratio) of the TBT angle as the dependent variable and the following independent variables: (1) I/U ratio of knee extension muscle strength, (2) I/U ratio of knee flexion muscle strength, (3) side-to-side difference (SSD) of the KT-1000 arthrometer measurement, (4) sex, and (5) SSD of the VAS score. Results: The TBT test had high reliability among healthy participants and those with ACLD. The TBT angle was significantly smaller and the VAS score was significantly higher on the injured side compared with the uninjured side and with healthy knees (P < .001 for all). Among the independent variables, the SSD of the VAS score had a negative influence on the I/U ratio of the TBT angle (R 2 = 0.59; P < .001). Conclusion: The TBT test is a simple, safe, and reliable method for quantitatively evaluating functional instability due to ACLD under weightbearing conditions that reflect subjective knee instability. The test will provide an index of treatment outcomes and return to sports through additional objective measurements before and after ACL reconstruction.
Effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of soybean hulls (SBH) and/or calcium oxide (CaO) on rumen pH, digestibility, and performance of steers fed diets containing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). In experiment 1, Angus × Simmental steers (n = 112, body weight [BW] = 364 ± 7.8 kg) were allotted to 1 of 4 diets arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial and placed in 16 pens (7 steers/pen, 4 pens/treatment, and 28 steers/treatment). Factors were SBH (0% or 30% of diet dry matter [DM]) and CaO (0% or 1%) inclusion. Basal diets contained 20% corn stover, 30% DDGS, and 4% supplement. Diets with SBH contained 14.1% or 15.0% corn and diets without SBH contained 43.9% or 44.8% corn. In experiment two, four steers (BW = 510 ± 9.8 kg) were allotted to a 4 × 4 Latin square (21 d periods) to determine the effects of CaO and SBH on ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA), nutrient digestibility, and digestion kinetics. Statistical analyses were conducted using the MIXED procedure of SAS. In experiment 1, BW did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.46). Overall carcass-adjusted gain did not differ due to SBH or CaO inclusion (P ≥ 0.13); however, there was an interaction (P = 0.01) where CaO improved gain in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Steers fed SBH consumed more DM than steers not fed SBH (P = 0.02) and an interaction tended to occur (P = 0.06) where CaO increased dry matter intake in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Calcium oxide increased hot carcass weight and yield grade (interaction; P ≤ 0.04) and tended to increase fat thickness (interaction; P = 0.08) in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Dressing percentage, longissimus muscle area, % kidney, pelvic, heart fat, and marbling score did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.14). Total VFA concentrations were greater with SBH inclusion and with CaO addition (P < 0.01). Digestibility of DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) was greater with CaO addition (P ≤ 0.04) and NDF and ADF digestibility were greater with SBH inclusion (P < 0.001). Inclusion of SBH did not affect (P ≥ 0.26) rate of digestion (kd) or passage (kp). Addition of CaO tended to increase mean retention time (P = 0.09). An interaction between SBH inclusion and CaO addition occurred for kd (P = 0.01), where CaO increased kd in steers fed SBH, but decreased kd when steers were fed no SBH. Total N excretion tended to be lower with SBH inclusion and CaO addition (P = 0.07). In conclusion, CaO enhances performance of cattle fed corn, DDGS, and corn stover diets, but not when corn is partially replaced by a fiber-based energy feed.
Inhibitory Effects of Euphorbia tirucalli Lineu (Euphorbiaceae) Diluted Latex on Human and Canine Melanoma Cells

Euphorbia tirucalli Lineu (Euphorbiaceae) is a tropical and subtropical ornamental and toxic plant. E. tirucalli produces a latex that is commonly used to treat neoplasms. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of diluted E. tirucalli latex (DETL) on human (SK-MEL-28) and canine (CBMY) melanoma cells. SK-MEL-28 (3 × 103 cells/well) and CBMY (6 × 103 cells/well) were cultivated in 96-well plates. The cells were treated with 50 μl/well of dilutions (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, and 1/512) of a standard solution containing 1 mg/mL of the E. tirucalli latex (ETL) in DMEM. Control group cells received 50 μl/well of DMEM. After 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment, cell viability was assessed by the MTT assay. There was a significant decrease in viability at 48 and 72 hours after treatment for human melanoma cells and at 24, 48, and 72 hours for canine cells, mainly in higher dilutions of ETL. Human melanoma cells presented a typical U shape curve, characteristic of hormesis. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing inhibitory effects of DETL on canine melanoma cells. Therefore, DETL is a potentially new antineoplastic drug.
Development of MicroRNAs as Potential Therapeutics against Cancer

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that function at the posttranscriptional level in the cellular regulation process. miRNA expression exerts vital effects on cell growth such as cell proliferation and survival. In cancers, miRNAs have been shown to initiate carcinogenesis, where overexpression of oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) or reduced expression of tumor suppressor miRNAs has been reported. In this review, we discuss the involvement of miRNAs in tumorigenesis, the role of synthetic miRNAs as either mimics or antagomirs to overcome cancer growth, miRNA delivery, and approaches to enhance their therapeutic potentials.
Process Mining Techniques in Business Environments: Theoretical Aspects, Algorithms, Techniques and Open Challenges in Process Mining

After a brief presentation of the state of the art of process-mining techniques, Andrea Burratin proposes different scenarios for the deployment of process-mining projects, and in particular a characterization of companies in terms of their process awareness. The approaches proposed in this book belong to two different computational paradigms: first to classic "batch process mining," and second to more recent "online process mining. "The book encompasses a revised version of the author's PhD thesis, which won the "Best Process Mining Dissertation Award" in 2014, awarded by the IEEE Task Force on Process Mining.
Can Serum Fibrinogen Predict ARDS?

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has a worldwide mortality of 10% to 30% with severe pneumonia being the primary cause. Diagnosis relies on clinical criteria which may lead to under-recognition and delayed evidence-based interventions. In previous studies, plasma fibrinogen was associated with progression to ARDS among patients with severe pneumonia. This is a prospective cohort study wherein we hypothesized that levels of plasma fibrinogen and change in levels of fibrinogen can predict development of ARDS among a cohort of patients with severe pneumonia based on the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Thoracic Society (ATS) consensus criteria. After acquiring consent, plasma fibrinogen levels were extracted upon enrollment and after 48 hours. These extraction times were arbitrarily chosen to determine whether levels rise or decline in relation to the course of disease. A total of 47 patients were prospectively followed within 7 days of enrollment, then divided into 2 groups, which included those who developed ARDS (n = 12, 25%) and those who did not (n = 35, 75%). Fibrinogen levels at baseline had sensitivity and specificity of 41.7% and 57.1%, respectively (P = .932) with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.492; levels after 48 hours had sensitivity and specificity of 55.6% and 65.6%, respectively (P = .729) with an AUC of 0.538; and delta fibrinogen levels had sensitivity and specificity of 55.6% and 62.5%, respectively (P = 0.581) with an AUC of 0.561. Based on this study, plasma fibrinogen is an unreliable biomarker for predicting ARDS development in patients with severe pneumonia. In setting up this study, we experienced limitations which we had to accept but realizations of these led to the discovery of potential research areas. To our knowledge, this is the first Philippine study attempting to discover a biomarker for ARDS progression. It is recommended that further investigation on local incidence and other biomarkers for ARDS should be done.
Role of Prefrontal Cortex on Recognition Memory Deficits in Rats following 6-OHDA-Induced Locus Coeruleus Lesion

Degeneration of the locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of cerebral noradrenaline (NA), has been reported in diverse neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's diseases (PD). There is increasing evidence indicating the role of NA deficiency in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the development of early cognitive impairments in PD. Here, we evaluated whether a selective noradrenergic lesion of LC caused by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) may induce memory deficits and neurochemical alterations in the PFC. Adult male Wistar rats received stereotaxic bilateral injections of 6-OHDA (5 μg/2 μl) into the LC, and two stainless-steel guide cannulas were implanted in the PFC. The SHAM group received just vehicle. To induce a selective noradrenergic lesion, animals received nomifensine (10 mg/kg), a dopamine transporter blocker, one hour before surgery. 6-OHDA-lesioned rats displayed impairments of the short- and long-term object recognition memory associated to reduced content of tyrosine hydroxylase in the LC. Neurochemical analysis revealed an altered mitochondrial membrane potential in LC. Regarding the PFC, an increased ROS production, cell membrane damage, and mitochondrial membrane potential disruption were observed. Remarkably, bilateral NA (1 μg/0.2 μl) infusion into the PFC restored the recognition memory deficits in LC-lesioned rats. These findings indicate that a selective noradrenergic LC lesion induced by 6-OHDA deregulates a noradrenergic network in the PFC, which could be involved in the early memory impairments observed in nondemented PD patients.
Expression of NANOG and Its Regulation in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background Results of previous studies suggest that NANOG may be an important prognostic biomarker in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but there are contradictory results regarding NANOG expression patterns on mRNA and protein levels, and the mechanisms of its regulation are poorly understood. Our aim was to analyze the expression and diagnostic significance of NANOG in OSCC, and the possible mechanisms of its regulation, i.e., protein regulators on mRNA level (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, AGR2, and NOTCH1), methylation status, copy number variation, and regulatory miRNAs, miR-145, miR-335, miR-150, miR-34a, miR-128, and miR-27a. Methods Our study included 120 patients with OSCC. Expression of NANOG protein and mRNA was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and qPCR. Expression of regulatory factors, miRNAs, and copy number variation was performed using qPCR. Methylation status of NANOG promoter was determined using PCR and Sanger sequencing. Results We detected upregulation of NANOG and OCT4 and downregulation of NOTCH1 and AGR2 mRNA in OSCC with lymph node metastases compared to OSCC without lymph node metastases. We observed a strong positive correlation between mRNAs of NANOG and those of its protein regulators OCT4, SOX2, NOTCH1, AGR2, and KLF4. The expression of NANOG was in positive correlation with the expression of miR-34a. There was also a correlation between T status of OSCC and the expression of miR-335 and miR-150 and a correlation of miR-150 with the N status of T2 OSCC. NANOG promoter methylation and copy number variation were only observed in a small proportion of samples. Conclusions Our findings confirm the diagnostic significance of NANOG in OSCC and provide information on NANOG expression patterns on both mRNA and protein levels. They also suggest that protein regulators and microRNAs might play a crucial role, whereas methylation of its promoter and copy number variation probably have a minor role in the regulation of NANOG expression in OSCC.
A Rare Case of Metformin Intoxication with Mortal Course

Abstract Metformin-associated lactic acidosis is a rare side effect in metformin poisoning. There is conflicting data about mortality rates changing from 3% to 83%. We aimed to discuss a case that developed lactic acidosis and acute renal failure progressing to mortality due to metformin intoxication. A 33 year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department, with nausea and vomiting after taking 30 tablets of 1000 mg metformin. In the 2nd hour of follow-up, patient was observed to develop lactic acidosis which did not recover despite the infusion replacement treatments and hemodialysis. Following the development of respiratory failure, under mechanical ventilation, the patient developed cardiac arrest at the 48th hour of her admission. In metformin intoxications, it should be remembered that acidosis deepens very quickly and can progress with mortality despite optimal supportive therapy. More specific recommendations and further studies are required for the management and treatment of acute metformin-associated lactic acidosis.
Individual-centered analysis of mapped point patterns representing multi-species assemblages

On the basis of Ripley's combined count-distance method, Juhasz-Nagy's information theoretical functions and the proposition of Williams et al. for the study of small-scale community pattern, a new procedure is suggested for eluci- dating multi-species point patterns based on digitized field data. The method utilizes nested circular plots with increas- ing radii drawn around each individual and determines changes in floristic composition along this space series. The information provided by detecting the species composition around the sample plant is calculated, and its observed mean for all individuals is compared, for each radius, to the expec- tation under the null model, i.e. for complete spatial random- ness of all points. The departure from randomness is illus- trated by conventional profile diagrams and is tested for significance based on confidence envelopes simulated by Monte Carlo methods. One advantage of the individual- centered sampling strategy is that the role of each species in influencing its own neighbourhood can be analyzed sepa- rately, providing information for the assessment of guild structure and assembly rules in communities. The perform- ance of the method is evaluated using artificial and simulated point patterns.
Simulation Rhetoric and Activity Theory: Experiential Learning in Intercultural Simulations

In the field of intercultural business and technical communication, intercultural communication has been a regular topic in curriculum for decades; various teaching approaches exist for developing students’ cultural awareness and helping them achieve a theoretical understanding about the concept of culture, cultural differences, and cultural conflict. But quite often teaching and learning are limited in the classroom context, although it is true that study abroad programs are available for a small group of students. As a result, students do not have enough opportunities to interact with members of other cultures, which limits students’ potentials for gaining intercultural competence. This study explores the rhetorical nature of simulations, defines the perspective of using activity theory as a framework to understand the learning process occurring in simulations, and provides an intercultural simulation example to explain how instructors can incorporate simulations into the business and technical communication curriculum.
Visualizing the global geometry of population representations of multiple visual object categories with spheres

Brain computation can be understood as the transformation of representations across stages of processing. The content and format of a representation is reﬂected in the geometry of stimulus-related response patterns. Here we characterize the representations along the human ventral visual pathway with a new visualization technique called “hypersphere2sphere” (H2S). It takes as input a labeled set of points in a high-dimensional space (the multivariate response space of each cortical region) and ﬁts a hy-persphere to represent each category. It visualizes these high-dimensional hyperspheres as a set of spheres in 3D (or circles in 2D), revealing their relative sizes, separations, and overlaps. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we measured response patterns to 48 images from four categories (faces, bodies, inanimate objects, and scenes). We computed unbiased distance estimates in representational space using crossvalida-tion. With H2S, we observed the emergence of response pattern clustering, based on category, at the level of the lateral occipital complex. Categories also occupy non-overlapping hyperspheres in face-and place-selective areas, with faces most spread in the former and scenes in the latter. H2S provides a useful perspective on high-dimensional representational geometries that promises new insights on the basis of hemodynamic and electro-physiological brain-activity measurements.