Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Currency Option Valuation using Esscher and Fourier Transforms

The size and volatility of the exchange rate market warrants the use of currency options in order to hedge the exchange rate risk. This study sought to build a robust pricing model that takes into account some of the stylized facts of exchange rates reported in literature. The normal inverse Gaussian distribution is chosen to model the exchange rate returns as: one, its higher order moments exist, thus can capture skewness and excess kurtosis unlike the two-parameter normal distribution; and two, since it is a normal mixture, the aggregational Gaussianity property holds. To price options written on these exchange rates under the risk-neutral measure, a change of measure is required as this proposed model renders the market incomplete, which implies the existence of a range of equivalent martingale measures (by the fundamental theorem of asset pricing). To choose a unique martingale measure, we apply the Esscher measure. Pricing equations are, thus, derived as the expected discounted value of the payo s with respect to this risk-neutral measure. The fast Fourier transform is then applied to compute option prices due to its computational e ciency. From the results presented herein, the NIG distribution results in a better t of the empirical distribution of the exchange rate returns and the corresponding option pricing model, the Esscher-NIG model, outperforms the Black-Scholes model in pricing performance.
Investigating higher level fusion of intellect and sensibility of human via

Logical representation of musical information is introduced. Especially, expression and fingering of piano performance based on musical structures and structural functions of music are given as logical rules written in the firstor higherorder predicate logic. The representation will help us to study musical informatics. Keywords— Musical Informatics, Logical Representation, Agogic Rules, Fingering Rules
THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IN THE CORRECTION OF FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS OF THE SMALL INTESTINE IN THE COMPLEX TREATMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ETHANOL INTOXICATION

The work is devoted to fundamental medical and biological studies, which make it possible to understand the basic laws of photobiology, part of which is super venous laser irradiation of blood. Neurohistochemical, histochemical, and electrophysiological methods were studied in the Wistar rats morphofunctional state of the small intestine under the influence of the supravenous laser blood irradiation in the complex treatment of experimental ethanol intoxication.The importance of the autonomic nervous system in the understanding of the characteristics of the effect of superluminal laser irradiation of blood on biological tissues in the complex treatment of experimental ethanol intoxication is emphasized. Experimental pathogenetically justified use of laser stimulation initiates the activation of adaptive processes, which is reflected in the restoration of the motor function of the small intestine on the 3rd day after the treatment of ethanol intoxication. The changes observed by us under the influence of supravenous laser irradiation of blood can be estimated as a state of increased activation of autonomous regulatory systems of the small intestine. Normalization after the use of supravenous laser irradiation of blood imbalance of neuromediation in the tissues of the small intestine, the increased activity of the enzymes of the aerobic cycle in the muscular layer of the named intestine is a consequence of adaptive changes, which is reflected in the restoration of the motor function of the small intestine with ethanol intoxication.
Compensation Interdependence and Performance Consequences of Managerial Discretion

We examine the performance consequences of managerial discretion when compensation payoffs are interdependent; that is, when rewards or penalties given to some employees cause others not to get them. Using proprietary data from a company that gives monthly rewards and penalties, we find evidence of both a nominal and an opportunity effect when managerial discretion overrides objective performance measures. The former refers to performance consequences associated with workers who received rewards or penalties due to managerial discretion (actual recipients). The latter refers to performance consequences associated with workers who would have received rewards or penalties had there been no managerial discretion (would-be recipients). In further tests, we show that these performance effects likely stem from a combination of economics-based and psychology-based reasons. Our findings provide important insights for the design of incentive systems involving managerial discretion.
Defining The Identity of Technocentric Transformations In An Urban Edge – A Case of Kazhakuttom, Trivandrum

Technocentric developments often result in creating a socio-spatial duality in different contexts, forming a place identity with contesting nature of the global and local settlements. The location of technocentric campuses in the urban periphery results in a haphazard development with little response to the context, also resulting in social strife and generating possibilities of marginalisation and gentriication of the local communities in near future. This will affect the urban life due to a discontinuity in the urban realm. The current transformations include functional change of existing residential units into mixed-use commercial and lodging facilities and, conversion of vacant plots into high density residential and commercial functions. The transformations seen at the site of the case study also include the conversion of the earlier dead bypass stretch into a highly active corridor with restaurants, informal eateries, and hang out areas targeting the techie population which adds to the changing urban identity of Kazhakuttom. This paper attempts to envision the future development and urban identity of Kazhakuttom as the new economic district of Trivandrum city as a favourable work-live-entertainment environment with support facilities, while also incorporating local aspirations to ensure social and spatial continuity. The methodology involved a detailed macro and micro level primary study and analysis of Kazhakuttom so as to identify the issues. The methodology included correlating the primary study with literature study on concepts and theories of identity, glocalization, and hybridization. The design cues from related technocentric contexts in Silicon Valley, Gurgaon and Bengaluru allowed developmemnt of design strategies for integrating the technocentric campuses with the local context and culture of the place.
Fluorescence Lifetime Endomicroscopic Image-based ex-vivo Human Lung Cancer Differentiation Using Machine Learning

Over 20,000 fluorescence lifetime images from 10 patients were collected using a fibre-based custom fluorescence lifetime imaging endomicroscopy (FLIM) system. During the data collection, various measuring conditions were applied, including exposure time, optical wavelength, and lifetime extraction approaches to obtain diverse results rich in spatial and spectral resolution. The data for further processing was chosen with exposure time of 6 and 20 ns, excitation bands of 490-570 and 594-764 nm, and RLD. In addition, there are some images with sizes different than 128x128. In order to avoid any artificial errors on the lifetime images during the processing, only the lifetime images with 128x128 resolution were selected. After the selection, there were 10,155 and 11,363 frames of cancer and normal tissues respectively, and each frame contained one intensity and one corresponding lifetime image.
Research into the cause of myopia: back to basics

For many people, myopia is a condition that causes only a little inconvenience or a cosmetic blemish in the form of spectacles. Nowadays, there are several ways to overcome the need for wearing spectacles such as contact lenses or various types of refractive surgery. However, for some people with more severe or pathological myopia, it is a disfiguring and disabling condition, which not only impairs their lifestyle, career opportunities, and quality of life, but also carries a risk of ophthalmic complications, including retinal degeneration or detachment, glaucoma, macular degene-ration, or choroidal neovascularization.
Entropy-Based Complexity Measure for the Evolution-Based Self-Organisation of Agent Populations

The specific objective is to provide a performance measure for the organisation of the DBE services(modelled as agents) into applications(service-chains) in the DBE. A definition for self-organisation, based on statistical physics, is studied for evolving DBE service populations. The measure calculates the entropy in the population to determine the randomness, which is then used in determining the organisational complexity. An efficiency measure is then presented for the organisational complexity present, relative to the maximum possible in the population, which is useful for detecting clustering.
Reform Effectiveness and Unresolved Issues of the Football in the Turkish Super League

Background. Following the successful outcomes of the national team, that finished third in the 2002 FIFA World Cup, and the positive club performance in the UEFA competitions at the beginning of the new millennium, Turkish football was expected to reaffirm and further develop in the following years, exploiting also the favourable economic conditions. However, its growth and evolution did not meet the expectations, and in the latest years several managerial aspects of the Turkish Football Federation have begun to be questioned, which has led the federation itself to reform football in areas such as foreign players’ quota, financial requirements and stadiums. Objectives. The main aim of this article is to identify and discuss these issues and how effective the reforms implemented by the Turkish Football Federation have been in the short run. Methods. The research is done through the application of the historical method and the use of secondary data. Results. Our results show that these reforms do not seem to have had a significant impact so far. Conclusion. While some of the reforms likely need more time for their effects to be tangible, the general impression is that Turkish football would need a different approach and more incisive policy interventions.
Economic Commission for Europe Conference of European Statisticians

Economic globalisation and the way multinational enterprise groups (MNE groups) organise themselves have led to increasingly complex organisations. This is why during the last decade Eurostat and the European National Statistical Institutes (NSIs) have worked closely together to implement a relevant and consistent cross-border view of MNE groups. In particular, they have committed to looking beyond the purely legal definition of the legal unit, capturing instead the 'enterprise' in the economic meaning. This method is called “Profiling” and it involves the direct dialogue with the MNEs’ representatives. Through collaborative work, Eurostat and European NSIs have created a database on MNE groups located in Europe and their enterprises delineated by European Profiling. In this paper we present: 1) short background information on this collaborative work; 2) first quantitative results from this database and first findings on MNE groups; 3) a first analysis on electricity-producing groups, as an example of the use of European Profiling to better measure the MNE groups’ activities.
Using Data Analytics to Filter Insincere Posts from Online Social Networks A Case Study: Quora Insincere Questions

The internet in general and Online Social Networks (OSNs) in particular continue to play a significant role in our life where information is massively uploaded and exchanged. With such high importance and attention, abuses of such media of communication for different purposes are common. Driven by goals such as marketing and financial gains, some users use OSNs to post their misleading or insincere content. In this context, we utilized a real-world dataset posted by Quora in Kaggle.com to evaluate different mechanisms and algorithms to filter insincere and spam contents. We evaluated different preprocessing and analysis models. Moreover, we analyzed the cognitive efforts users made in writing their posts and whether that can improve the prediction accuracy. We reported the best models in terms of insincerity prediction accuracy.
Classification of Voice Content in the Context of Public Radio Broadcasting

With the rapid development of mass media technology, content classification of radio broadcasting emerged as a major research area which facilitates to automate the radio broadcasting monitoring process. This research focuses on the voice dominant content classification of radio broadcasting by employing a multi-class Support Vector Machine (SVM) in order to automate the monitoring of radio broadcasting in Sri Lanka. This study comparably investigates the performance of “One Vs. One” and “One Vs. All” methods which are known as two conventional ways to build multi-class SVM. One of the most substantial measures in creating such classification is selecting the optimal feature sets. For that, time domain features, frequency domain features, cepstral features, and chroma features are manually analyzed for each binary SVM classifier independently. The two multi-class SVM models are trained based on the selected features. These models are capable of classifying five voice dominant classes as news, conversations, advertisements without jingles, radio drama and religious programs with accuracies of 85% and 83% respectively “One Vs. One” and “One Vs. All” models.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices of healthcare workers about prevention and control of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at Infectious Diseases Hospital Kano, Nigeria

Tuberculosis is one of the major public health problems in Kano. With the occurrence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, little is known about the views of health care workers on this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals about prevention and control of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at Infectious Diseases Hospital (IDH), Kano, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Infectious Diseases Hospital (IDH), Kano, Nigeria from November, 2018 to December, 2018. Data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS software package (SPSS 16.0). Descriptive analysis was performed to obtain the frequency distribution of the variables. The results of this study indicate that, overall, less than half (68%) of respondents had good level of knowledge of MDR-TB; but the overwhelming majority of them held negative attitude towards patients with MDR-TB. In conclusion, less than half of respondents had good level of knowledge about MDR-TB, but 28.7% of them held negative attitude towards patients suffering from MDR-TB. Although the level of knowledge of MDR-TB was found not to have influenced the attitude of respondents towards patients suffering from MDR-TB; and that their attitude did not influence practices, good level of knowledge was positively associated with safer practices such as using protective masks, educating patients on MDR-TB, and referring to the MDR-TB guidelines manual. An educational remedial intervention and in-service training on the MDR-TB is recommended for all professionals especially primary health care workers. Key words: Multi drug- resistant, extensively drug-resistant, tuberculosis, health care workers
The Effect of bovine granulocyte colony stimulating factor on high yielding cows white blood cells and incidence of mastitis and metritis

The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of dairy cows to granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) according to white blood cells and incidence of mastitis and metritis. Experimental cows (n = 15) received GCSF 7 days before expected calving and again within 24 hours after calving. Control cows (n = 15) injected with saline. Blood samples collected 3 times (-7;0;7 days relative to parturition) from each cow immediately before GCSF and saline injection. Total leucocyte and granulocyte in the whole blood counted using hematology analyzer. To determine the presence of polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN), blood smear slides were prepared and stained. In experimental group, significant increase observed on white blood cells (WBC), lymphocyte (LYM) and granulocyte (GRA) counts, especially in band and segmented groups of neutrophils. In GCSF treated group GRA count were elevated from 67.7 % to 74.5% compared to the control group. Band neutrophil cells was higher by 40.5% compared to the control group. Segmented neutrophil cells was 22 % higher compared to the control group. Lymphocyte (LYM) count in experimental group was 25.5% to 39.8% higher compared to the control group. Clinical mastitis diagnosed in both groups equally by 6.7 %. Clinical metritis with 20% occurrence ratio diagnosed only for experimental cows. In our study GCSF did not reduced the incidence of clinical mastitis in cows during the periparturient period and increased clinical metritis incidence ratio, but represents an innovative way to reduce periparturiend diseases incidence by affecting immune system.
EFFECT OF CINNAMON AND GINGER METHANOLIC EXTRACTS ON MURINE INTESTINAL CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS.IN-VIVO EVALUATION

Cryptosporidium species the Apicomplexa protozoan parasites, causing diarrheal disease in man and animals, due to the lack of a licensed vaccine and resistance to the available effective therapy. This study explored the curative and the prophylactic effect of the cinnamon and ginger methanolic extracts separately and combined with nanazoxide on the experimentally infected mice with Cryptosporidium. Ninety Swiss albino mice, weight of 23-25gm, aged 7-8 weeks were divided into nine groups to assess the therapeutic and the prophylactic effect of cinnamon and ginger methanolic extracts separately then combined with nanazoxide. The result was assessed parasitologically, histopathlogically and by TEM. The best efficacy was three weeks post infection in all groups. Therapeutic effect of ginger was better than cinnamon extract, but combined ginger and nanazoxide gave the least oocyst shedding. The prophylactic dose of ginger and cinnamon methanolic extracts showed marked decrease in oocysts shedding and ginger was the best. Histopathological sections showed immune cells infiltration with a decrease in number of tissue parasite that was absent in the prophylactic groups given ginger extract. The results were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy explored a great improvementin the small intestinal brush border of the same groups.
Construction and experimental identification of an uncertain model in computational dynamics using a generalized probabilistic approach of uncertainties

We are interested in constructing an uncertain model of a nominal motor CSS of pressurized water reactor using a generalized probabilistic approach of uncertainties and in identifying this model using experimental measurements of the first eigenfrequencies. This generalized probabilistic approach of uncertainties allows both model-parameter uncertainties and model uncertainties to be taken into account and identified separately in the context of the experimental modal anaysis. Finally, the identified uncertain model allows statistics on quantities of interest to be estimated.
The effect of fatty acids on athletes’ health

The development of products with resource-saving technologies, increased nutritional value, expanded range and balanced composition remains relevant. In this research, the chemical composition of red sauce with rapeseed cake of different weights was studied for the presence of fatty acids and the energy value of the product. The effectiveness of a herbal supplement as a source of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, body energy, and bone density was estimated. The research was conducted in accordance with Regulation (EU) 1169/2011. Fatty acids were detected in different samples control, with 2.5% (P1), 5% (P2), 7% (P3) of rapeseed cake. It was found that 5% of rapeseed cake in the red sauce provided an optimal increase in unsaturated fatty acids. Such composition helps to reduce the deficiency of unsaturated fatty acids, supply the body with energy, and increase bone density. According to the results obtained, when adding rapeseed cake in a volume of 5%, the energy value decreases, which allows to include the red sauce in a daily diet without threatening to increase the daily energy consumption of adolescents. Data on the chemical composition of rapeseed meal provide an opportunity for its further use in the production of healthy foods.
ASSOCIATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE, BMI AND AGE AMONG ADULTS ABOVE 18 YEARS OF MAKALBARI AREA OF GOKARNESWOR MUNICIPALITY IN KATHMANDU

In Nepal the prevalence of hypertension is in increasing trend with an increased number of deaths from heart disease and stroke. The morbidity and mortality from hypertension, cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases has been associated with high Body mass index (BMI). The current study aimed to study the association between BMI, blood pressure and age of the adults in Makalbari area. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 643 respondents. The information was obtained using self constructed structured questionnaire which included demographic information of individuals. Height, weight and blood pressure were recorded and hypertension was defined as per Joint National Committee (JNC) VII guidelines. Maximum value of mean BMI was found among 40– 49 years age group. BMI was found to be lowest among younger age group. Both the mean systolic and diastolic BP were found to be lowest among the youngest age groups. Mean Systolic BP increased steadily with age and the highest value was found among the oldest age group. Mean Diastolic BP increased with age till 40–49 years and declined thereafter. There was significant (P <0.01) positive correlation of BMI with systolic and diastolic BP. It showed that BP increased with increase in BMI. Correlation coefficient showed that relationship of BMI with systolic BP (0.231) was stronger than diastolic BP (0.167). Thus the present study provides valuable information regarding the association of BMI with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It also showed the correlation of blood pressure with increasing age independently. 1Department of Community Medicine, 2Intern, MBBS, Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Attarkhel, Gokarneshwor-8, Kathmandu, Nepal
A Realistic View on Normative Conflicts

Kulicki and Trypuz (2016) introduced three systems of multi-valued deontic action logic to handle normative conflicts. The first system suggests a pessimistic view on normative conflicts, according to which any conflicting option represents something forbidden; the second system suggests an optimistic view, according to which any conflicting option represents something obligatory; finally, the third system suggests a neutral view, according to which any conflicting option represents something that is neither obligatory nor forbidden. The aim of the present paper is to propose a fourth system in this family, which comes with a realistic view on normative conflicts: a normative conflict remains unsolved unless it is generated by two or more normative sources that can be compared. In accordance with this, we will provide a more refined formal framework for the family of systems at issue, which allows for explicit reference to sources of norms. Conflict resolution is thus a consequence of a codified hierarchy of normative sources.