Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computing Team-Maxmin Equilibria in Zero-Sum Multiplayer Extensive-Form Games

The study of finding the equilibrium for multiplayer games is challenging. This paper focuses on computing Team-Maxmin Equilibria (TMEs) in zero-sum multiplayer Extensive-Form Games (EFGs), which describes the optimal strategies for a team of players who share the same goal but they take actions independently against an adversary. TMEs can capture many realistic scenarios, including: 1) a team of players play against a target player in poker games; and 2) defense resources schedule and patrol independently in security games. However, the study of efficiently finding TMEs within any given accuracy in EFGs is almost completely unexplored. To fill this gap, we first study the inefficiency caused by computing the equilibrium where team players correlate their strategies and then transforming it into the mixed strategy profile of the team and show that this inefficiency can be arbitrarily large. Second, to efficiently solve the non-convex program for finding TMEs directly, we develop the Associated Recursive Asynchronous Multiparametric Disaggregation Technique (ARAMDT) to approximate multilinear terms in the program with two novel techniques: 1) an asynchronous precision method to reduce the number of constraints and variables for approximation by using different precision levels to approximate these terms; and 2) an associated constraint method to reduce the feasible solution space of the mixed-integer linear program resulting from ARAMDT by exploiting the relation between these terms. Third, we develop a novel iterative algorithm to efficiently compute TMEs within any given accuracy based on ARAMDT. Our algorithm is orders of magnitude faster than baselines in the experimental evaluation.
Therapeutic options for conjunctival neoplasia

ABSTRACT Introduction: Conjunctival neoplasms span from benign lesions to life-threatening malignancies. A wide range of treatment modalities has been developed, spanning from observation, simple excision and topical chemotherapy to advanced surgical techniques combined with adjuvant therapies including cryotherapy, topical and systemic chemotherapy, immune-modulating agents, anti-viral therapy, and radiotherapy. Areas covered: This review provides an overview of treatment modalities employed in conjunctival neoplasms as well as management guidelines for selected groups of conjunctival tumors. A literature search was performed using the keywords ‘Conjunctival neoplasms’ [MeSH], ‘Conjunctival AND neoplasia’, ‘Conjunctiva AND neoplasia’, ‘Conjunctival tumors’ in combination with ‘Chemotherapy’, ‘Topical chemotherapy’, ‘Mitomycin C’, ‘5-fluorouracil’, ‘Interferon alpha 2b’, ‘anti-VEGF’, ‘Brachytherapy’, ‘Radiation’, ‘Radiotherapy’, ‘Cryotherapy’, ‘Surgery’, ‘Systemic chemotherapy’, and ‘Lymphoma’. Expert commentary: The efficacy of the different adjuvant therapies is debated. However, there is no doubt that adjuvant therapy reduces the risk of recurrence. Therefore, we recommend that ocular oncologists use an adjuvant therapy together with surgery for conjunctival melanoma. The treatment of malignant conjunctival tumors should be centralized in each country and placed in a few hands. This, combined with large multicenter studies, will provide valuable new information, benefit our patients, and improve the prognosis in the future.
Study of microfauna foraminifera as bioindicator for coral reef condition in Tambelan Island, Riau Island Province

Tambelan Islands is one of the coral reef habitats in Indonesia. This area is the southern part of Natuna Sea and South China Sea Throughflow (SCSTF) exit area, which influenced the dynamics of the ocean and climate in Indonesia. Foraminifera is one of the potential bioindicator that can be used to determine the conditions of waters and the environmental health of coral reef. Twenty surface sediment samples were taken and quantitative analysis were made in order to obtain the condition of waters. This analysis including calculation of abundance, community structure, and analysis of biozonation (cluster and SHEBI). Meanwhile, to determine the condition of coral reef was using FORAM Index (FI). The results showed that there were 52 species of benthic foraminifera included in 41 genera. The most abundant genera were Amphistegina (average 28.08%) and Operculina (average 23.85%) which were a type of genera that associated with coral reefs. The FI values range from 3.57–9.12 indicating that environmental conditions are conducive to coral reefs. Biozonation from the cluster and SHEBI showed different results, indicating that the abundance of foraminifera in research area are influenced by complex factors such as substrate conditions and the activities on land.
India's undernourished children: a call for reform and action.

The prevalence of child undernutrition in India is among the highest in the world; nearly double that of Sub-Saharan Africa, with dire consequences for morbidity, mortality, productivity and economic growth. Drawing on qualitative studies and quantitative evidence from large household surveys, this book explores the dimensions of child undernutrition in India and examines the effectiveness of the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) program, India's main early child development intervention, in addressing it. Although levels of undernutrition in India declined modestly during the 1990s, the reductions lagged behind those achieved by other countries with similar economic growth. Nutritional inequalities across different states and socioeconomic and demographic groups remain large. Although the ICDS program appears to be well-designed and well-placed to address the multi-dimensional causes of malnutrition in India, several problems exist that prevent it from reaching its potential. The book concludes with a discussion of a number of concrete actions that can be taken to bridge the gap between the policy intentions of ICDS and its actual implementation.
Bounded distance field for assisting interactive layout design of water circuits

Paper No.19-00074 © 2019 The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers [DOI: 10.1299/jamdsm.2019jamdsm0095] Abstract Manufacturing companies often define various guidelines on the part placement in a mechanical product. In this study, we present a software system to assist in the layout of parts when minimum thickness and clearance conditions between the parts are specified in the guidelines. The idea of a “bounded distance field” is proposed, which is a distance field in a limited region around the boundary surface of a solid object. Gaps generated during parts placement that are too narrow can be detected by checking the distance value at the surface polygon of the object in the field. Based on a placement of new objects or a position change of objects, the distance field in the modeling space must be updated. To reduce the update cost, we introduce the idea of a “lazy evaluation” into the distance computation. In this method, a thickness and clearance evaluation is performed by using individual fields associated with the objects, and the computation of the combined distance field of all objects is postponed for as long as possible. To evaluate the practical application of the bounded distance field and the lazy evaluation of the distance value, an interactive system to assist in the layout design of water circuits in a mold cavity is demonstrated.
Occupational formulation: A three-part structure

Occupational formulation is a process of making sense of someone’s circumstances that is informed by occupational theories and concepts. This opinion piece presents occupational formulation as a stage in the occupational therapy process that emerges from professional reasoning. A three-part formulation structure is proposed: occupational influences, occupational presentation and occupational focus. A narrative approach to formulation is recommended which holds occupation at its core and incorporates a client’s subjective perspective. We believe that the proposed formulation approach has the potential to reflect constructs from a range of occupational therapy models to suit the breadth of occupational therapy practice.
Serum α-Klotho levels correlate with episodic memory changes related to cardiovascular exercise in older adults

Aerobic exercise is a potential life-style intervention to delay cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Elevated serum levels of the anti-aging protein α-Klotho (αKL) are a potential mediating factor of exercise benefits on cognition. Here, we examined in older adults how exercise-related changes of αKL levels in serum relate to changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF), hippocampal volumes and episodic memory. We analyzed data from a previously published intervention study in which forty cognitively healthy subjects were pseudo-randomly assigned to either a cardiovascular exercise group (treadmill training, n=21) or control group (indoor progressive-muscle relaxation/stretching, n=19). 3-Tesla gadolinium perfusion imaging was used to track hippocampal CBF changes and high resolution 7-Tesla-T1-images were used to track hippocampal volume changes. Changes in episodic memory performance were measured using the complex figure test (CFT). Longitudinal changes were compared between groups and analyzed with a multiple linear regression approach. CFT and hippocampal volume changes significantly predicted changes in serum αKL levels. For CFT, this effect was found in the exercise but not the control group. Collectively the data suggest that αKL level increases induced by exercise can be associated with improved hippocampal function in older adults.
Update on antibacterial agents: current challenges and recent initiatives

Antibacterial agents (ABAs) contribute significantly to reduce morbidity and mortality of bacterial infections as well as play a crucial role in the success of major advances in medicine such as organ transplants, advanced surgeries, cancer chemotherapy and cardiac surgery. However, their success as well as their very existence itself are under threat due to two major problems, one is antibacterial resistance (ABR) and the other is discovery void. A 2014 report by the World Health Organization (WHO) warns that bacteria that cause common health-care associated and community-acquired infections exhibit high resistance rate in all WHO regions. This threat has been endorsed by many organizations including Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Infectious Diseases Society of America, and other UN bodies. Though bacteria can develop resistance spontaneously through mutation, the escalating public health threat of ABR is mainly driven by both appropriate and inappropriate use of ABAs in humans, animals, food production, agriculture, and aquaculture. Several initiatives at different levels have been launched to combat ABR. Development of new ABAs which feature new target or mode of action by pharmaceutical industries has the potential to address the problem of ABR. However, hardly any new ABAs featuring new target or mode of action came to market in the last two decades due to economic and regulatory obstacles. Collaboration between industry, government bodies and academic institutions in the exploration of new ABAs, offering incentives, fast tracking market authorization are some of the initiatives recommended by the WHO to address this issue of dry antibiotic pipeline. Rational use of ABAs, implementation of antibiotic stewardship programmes, and adherence to strategies which minimise spread of resistant bacteria such as hand-washing and infection control measures are few key activities that can be incorporated in clinical practice.
Securing Full-Power-Range Zero-Voltage Switching in Both Steady-State and Transient Operations for a Dual-Active-Bridge-Based Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Charger

Dual-active-bridge (DAB) circuit is an excellent candidate for a high-efficiency, high-power density, and bidirectional electric vehicle charger. Unlike resonant circuits employing auxiliary inductors and capacitors, DAB minimizes the usage of passive components. The challenge, however, lies in the difficulty of securing zero-voltage switching (ZVS), particularly at light-to-medium load when using the conventional single-phase-shift (SPS) control. This is of utmost importance not only for the sake of the efficiency, but also for minimizing the switch-bridge crosstalk caused by the hard switching-on, thereby enhancing the system reliability. Although dual-phase-shift (DPS) and triple-phase-shift (TPS) can be the answer, they do introduce side effects such as larger switching-off current. This article systematically integrates SPS, DPS, and TPS to maximize full-power ZVS range for both steady state and transient operations in EV chargers. This article plots ZVS boundaries over the full power range, categorizes all operations into nine modes, and proposes a smooth transition method among all operation modes. Dead band is also incorporated in the ZVS boundary setting. Experimental results on a SiC-based charger validate the effectiveness of this method of widening ZVS range for output voltage of 200–450 Vdc and power of 0–20 kW, achieving smooth transitions among various operation modes, and suppressing the switch crosstalk, thereby securing high charger reliability.
Assessment of Natural Radionuclides and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Marine Sediments in View of Tourism Activities in Hurghada City, Northern Red Sea, Egypt

The specific activity of 40K, 232Th and 226Ra in marine sediment samples collected from National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF) and Safier Hotel area in Hurghada city (the most important regions in Egypt), were measured by gamma ray spectrometry using NaI(Tl) detector. The values of specific activity varied from 7 ± 1 Bq kg–1 to 53 ± 4 Bq kg–1, 6 ± 1 Bq kg–1 to 32 ± 6 Bq kg–1, and from 167 ± 11 Bq kg–1 to 1120 ± 63 Bq kg–1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The heavy metals have been measured and analysed by atomic absorption spectrometer. The major range values of heavy metals concentrations in marine sediment samples were: Cu (10.5–78.0 μg g–1), Zn (21–150 μg g–1), Pb (30–53 μg g–1), Cd (2.50–4.00 μg g–1), Fe (5100–13150 μg g–1), Mn (118–298 μg g–1), Ni (17–36 μg g–1) and Co (16–18 μg g–1). The total organic matter (TOC) and carbonates (CaCo3) distribution have been measured at some locations. Also, the frequency distribution and the value of ( 232Th/226Ra), ( 232Th/40K) Assessment of Natural Radionuclides 22 and ( 226Ra/40K) ratio for all measured samples were determined. Additionally, evaluations have been made of the radiological hazards and the results are diagrammed by Surfer program in maps.
Genetic responses to environmental stress underlying major depressive disorder

Individual response to stress is correlated with neuroticism and is an important predictor of both neuroticism and the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD). Identification of the genetics underpinning individual differences in response to negative events (stress-sensitivity) may improve our understanding of the molecular pathways involved, and its association with stress-related illnesses. We sought to generate a proxy for stress-sensitivity through modelling the interaction between SNP allele and MDD status on neuroticism score in order to identify genetic variants that contribute to the higher neuroticism seen in individuals with a lifetime diagnosis of depression compared to unaffected individuals. Meta-analysis of genome-wide interaction studies (GWIS) in UK Biobank (N = 23,092) and Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study (N = 7,155) identified no genome-wide significance SNP interactions. However, gene-based tests identified a genome-wide significant gene, ZNF366, a negative regulator of glucocorticoid receptor function implicated in alcohol dependence (p = 1.48x10; Bonferroni-corrected significance threshold p < 2.79x10). Using summary statistics from the stress-sensitivity term of the GWIS, SNP heritability for stress-sensitivity was estimated at 5.0%. In models fitting polygenic risk scores of both MDD and neuroticism derived from independent GWAS, we show that polygenic risk scores derived from the UK Biobank stress-sensitivity GWIS significantly improved the prediction of MDD in Generation Scotland. This study may improve interpretation of larger genome-wide association studies of MDD and other stress-related illnesses, and the understanding of the etiological mechanisms underpinning stress-sensitivity. PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone. 0209160 December 20, 2018 1 / 29 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111
Value of physiological scoring systems in prediction of long-term mortality in traumatic brain injury patients

Introduction: Rapid acute physiological score (RAPS) and Worthing physiological scoring system (WPSS) models have received much attention in recent years. Yet, the value of these systems in outcome prediction of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients has not been assessed. Therefore, the present study was designed aiming to compare the value of the 2 mentioned models in prediction of 6-month mortality of head trauma patients. Methods: The present study is a diagnostic accuracy one evaluating head trauma patients presenting to emergency department. Each patient had a WPSS score and a RAPS score, and then the discriminatory powers of the 2 models with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were compared. Results: Data of 735 head trauma patients was assessed. During the 6-month follow-up, 48 (6.53%) patients died. Area under the curve of RAPS and WPSS in prediction of 6-month mortality were 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.98) and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96-0.98), respectively. The 2 evaluation models had similar value in prediction of mortality in head trauma patients (p = 0.10). The best cut off point for RAPS and WPSS in prediction of trauma patients’ mortality was 5 and 2, respectively. RAPS had sensitivity and specificity of 89.58 (95% CI: 76.56-96.10) and 85.15 (95% CI: 82.22-87.68), respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of WPSS model were 100.0 (95% CI: 90.77-100.0) and 87.92 (95% CI: 85.19-90.21), respectively. Conclusion: Findings show that there is a significant correlation between physiological factors on admission and mortality of head trauma patients. In addition, it was determined that RAPS and WPSS physiological scoring systems have high value in prediction of mortality following TBI.
Biology, morphology and taxonomy of Lesser Date Moth, Batrachedra amydraula (Lepidoptera: Batrachedridae) under two different temperatures

The research study was conducted during the summer season and work methodology was based on 5 treatments and 5 replications under corridor room temperature and air-conditioner from egg to adult at DPRI, SALU-Khaipur. The overall mean population of eggs laid (45.4) with eggs fertility (78.83%). The 1 stage instar took (2.78±0.30), 2 (4.58±0.41), 3 (4.02±0.33), 4 (5.48±0.41) and 5 (7.54±0.32) days, pupae (10.56) and total developmental days were (38.44). Thus; an adult male longevity (9.24) days and female was (11.00) besides; the total life span of male was observed (47.72) and female (49.61) days under corridor / natural room temperature. Thus; in air-condition room temperature, the first instar stage took (3.84±0.41), second (5.80±0.41), third (5.06±0.42), fourth (6.60±0.30) and fifth (7.86±0.64) with overall mean (27.00) days. The pupae took (11.26), with developmental (38.26) days and the adult male longevity (4.70) and female (8.38) days. The life span of male (45.6) and female was also observed (46.64) days. The minimum egg population laid by a female as compared to corridor room temperature with an overall mean population of fecundity was (15.33) female and fertility (83.14)%. The specimens were separated for proper male and female identification for all morphology and taxonomic characteristics. The sex ratio was found quite same in both temperatures but found fluctuation of day’s consumption in the life cycle. Body length and width measured in micrometers but larvae in millimetres. It is further recommended that the larval stages were the most voracious feeder at that times the management techniques.
Broadband optical modulation in a zinc-oxide-based heterojunction via optical lifting

Broadband electro-absorptive optical modulation in a zinc-oxide (ZnO)-based heterojunction is demonstrated. The presence of high-density two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the bottom of conduction band offset in a MgZnO-CdZnO heterojunction is shown to exhibit electrically tunable optical absorption in the regions well below the material bandgap. Electrons confined near the heterojunction are lifted across the potential barrier on optical excitation. Optical modulation with an extinction ratio of 8 dB is reported at an operating wavelength of 527 nm. The extinction ratio remains around 7–8 dB over a wide bandwidth of 115 nm, providing an excellent opportunity to explore ZnO-based heterojunctions to realize a broadband optical modulator for applications in optical communication and interconnects.
Nesse mato tem cachorro: sobrepondo o padrão de atividade de mamíferos silvestres com cães domésticos em uma unidade de conservação periurbana da Caatinga

Os mamiferos correspondem a um grupo bastante vulneravel as perturbacoes antropicas e compreender as suas interacoes com especies exoticas como caes domesticos possibilita elaborar estrategias de manejo mais eficientes. Neste trabalho descrevemos o padrao de atividade de mamiferos silvestres de medio porte e sua sobreposicao com as atividades dos caes domesticos em uma unidade de conservacao periurbana no semiarido brasileiro. Para isso, utilizamos a tecnica de armadilhamento fotografico. Usamos estatistica circular para caracterizar o padrao de atividade das especies, juntamente com o coeficiente de sobreposicao de atividade (∆), para investigar possiveis segregacoes temporais entre os mamiferos silvestres e os caes domesticos. Com um esforco amostral de 1.190 noites/câmeras, obtivemos 676 registros de mamiferos de medio e grande porte, sendo nove especies silvestres e tres exoticas. Entre as especies nativas estao dois felinos ameacados de extincao (Leopardus emiliae e Herpailurus yagouaroundi). Entre as especies registradas um foi noturna (Didelphis albiventris), duas foram principalmente noturnas (Cerdocyon thous e Procyon cancrivorus), quatro foram catemerais (Mazama gouazoubira, Euphractus sexcinctus, Leopardus emiliae e Felis catus) e uma foi crepuscular (Canis familiaris). Nao encontramos uma alta sobreposicao de atividade entre os mamiferos silvestres e C. familiaris, sugerindo um grau variavel de segregacao temporal. No entanto, especies como E. sexcinctus (∆1 =0,57), C. thous (∆1 =0,53), L. emiliae (∆1 =0,50) e M. gouazoubira (∆1 =0,49) podem estar mais vulneraveis a potenciais ataques de caes, uma vez que exibiram uma moderada sobreposicao com estes. Os resultados encontrados trazem informacoes importantes sobre a ecologia e a vulnerabilidade de mamiferos a ameacas antropicas na Caatinga, alem de fornecer informacoes relevantes para o desenvolvimento de estrategias de manejo e conservacao em areas naturais periurbanas da Caatinga.