Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Children’s gender and parental educational strategies in rural and urban China: the moderating roles of sibship size and family resources

Abstract Despite the declining gender gap in education is consistently documented at the national level in China, little is known about the gendered pattern in education at the household level. This study aims at understanding the micro mechanism of current gendered pattern in educational attainment by examining parental educational strategies in Chinese families, where daughters are historically unprivileged, while children’s education is highly valued. Using the first-wave data from China Education Panel Survey (CEPS, academic year 2013–2014), we examined the gender differences in family educational strategies measured as parental college expectation and children’s private tutoring among junior high school students (aged 12–18, n = 15,733). The results show that daughters are more advantageous in parental educational strategies. Overall, daughters are more likely to be expected to attend college and enrolled in private tutoring, compared to sons. However, further analysis show that school performance explains daughters’ advantages in parental college expectation and that their advantages (in both parental college expectation and private tutoring) vary with sibship size and family resources.
Critical Notes on the Doctoral Thesis -the Impact of Adopting Ethics and Compliance Programs on Business Strategy- Elaborated by Valeriu Deciu, ‘Al. I. Cuza’ University of Iasi

The current paper exposes critical notes on the doctoral thesis "The impact of adopting ethics and compliance programs on business strategy" elaborated by Valeriu Deciu, „Al. I. Cuza” University of Iasi, Romania. Based on the thesis analysis I found that it corresponds to the requirements of the elaboration of a doctoral thesis in the field and I agreed with its public defence. The PhD student pursues a transdisciplinary approach, having as a central point the field of ethics management, approaching the theories and instruments from the area of management but also from that of applied ethics and sociology. The research is exploratory in nature, being approached a relatively new field for the literature in the area of ethics management in our country, a field that is also a novelty for the Romanian managerial practice itself. The paper also has a confirmatory side, the statistical processing of the data obtained through a survey based on a questionnaire leading to the confirmation of hypotheses formulated by the doctoral student throughout the paper.
A STUDY OF THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

the patients in two age groups; < 60 years and Introduction: we life. the prevalence of in these patients not been investigated. Aims and Objectives: To ﬁnd the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 DM. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, data of 100 Type 2 DM patients (Age >40years) who attended the diabetic clinic and OPD and IPD New medical college hospital kota from January 2016 to December 2017 and whose T3,T4, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level was investigated were included. The inclusion criteria are known cases of type 2 DM. Exclusion criteria are patients with previous history of hypothyroidism and those on drugs affecting the thyroid proﬁle. Results: Out the 100 type 2 DM patients for the study of which 70 patients below (< 60 yrs) 1 had sub- clinical hypothyroidism, 2 hypothyroidism and 4 of them were hyperthyroid and out of 30 elderly patients (> 60 years) we found 4 with sub- clinical hypothyroidism and 2 hyperthyroidism, 1 hypothyroid case was noted in elderly people. In this study prevalence of sub-clinical hypothyroidism (13.4%) was more in >60 yrs. (elderly patients) compared to 1.4% in < 60 yrs. age group, where as 5.7% <60 years had hyperthyroidism as compared to that of 6.7% among>60 years age group. Hypothyroidism was present in 2.9% of people below the age of 60 yrs where as 3.4% of the elderly (> 60 years) had hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Prevalence of hypothyroidism is quite high in type 2 DM patients above 40 years and . Thyroid disorders are more in females 71.42% than males 28.58% in diabetic patients ABSTRACT
Historical trends in the amount and structure of organic carbon stocks in natural and managed ecosystems in European Russia

Contemporary (corresponding to the modern state of ecosystems and land use) and prehistoric (for hypothetic intact natural ecosystems similar to modern virgin ecosystems) stocks of organic carbon were assessed for model regions of southern taiga, forest-steppe and steppe in European Russia. The comparison of these stocks enabled an assessment of the integral result of the multidirectional changes in land use that occurred in the studied regions over the historical period. The carbon stocks were determined using a unified cartographic basis, data on taxonomy and texture of soil units, modern land use types and the type and age structure of reconstructed and contemporary vegetation. The results obtained indicate that the modern carbon pool has reduced by 24% compared to the potential prehistoric one in the Kostroma Region and Rostov Region (southern taiga and steppe zones, respectively) and by 37% in the Kursk Region (forest-steppe zone). It was also demonstrated that the contribution of soil to the total organic carbon stock increases southwards, from southern taiga to dry steppe, from 51 to 95% during the prehistoric period and from 62 to 96% currently. The study results show that forestry and agriculture increase the contribution of soil to maintaining the region’s carbon budget.
Effect of Different Formulations on Characteristic of Biobased Alginate Edible Films as Biodegradable Packaging

Edible film can be used for food packaging. The main raw materials for edible film were alginates and plasticizers including glycerol and olive oil. This study aims to determine the characteristics of edible film composed of alginate, glycerol and olive oil. The study was carried out through the manufacture of edible films composed of alginates with various concentrations (2, 3, 4, 5 and 6%, w / v), 10% glycerol and 0.01% olive oil. Characteristics of edible film was observed including thickness, tensile strength, water vapor transmission rate, solubility and elongation. The results showed that the products met the edible film standard of the Japanese Industrial Standard. Concentration of alginate used had significant effect on thickness, tensile strength, solubility and elongation of the edible film. The films with 6% concentration of alginate showed optimum results with thickness 0,227 ± 0,008 mm, tensile strength 3,097 ± 0,384 MPa, elongation 86,682 ± 5,090 %, solubility 8,690 ± 2,892 % and water vapor transmission rate 45,477 ± 6,262 g/m2/24 h.
Global Nutrition Outcomes at Ages 5 to 19

Globally, there are 1.8 billion children and adolescents ages 5–19 years; nearly 90 percent live in lowand middle-income countries (LMICs) (World Bank 2015). The prevalence and consequences of malnutrition and inadequate intake of nutrients leading to increased risk of morbidity and mortality are well studied for children in their first 1,000 days (Black and others 2013). Little information about the prevalence and consequences of malnutrition is available for children and adolescents ages 5–19 years, although they constitute 27 percent of the population in LMICs (World Bank 2015). This paucity of data makes it difficult to develop policies and strategies on why, if, and how to improve the nutritional situation of children and adolescents in LMICs. Available evidence from smaller studies for selected age groups within this cohort suggests that children ages 5–15 years suffer from high prevalence of nutritional deprivation and its consequences. Malnutrition is manifested as underweight (measured by low weight-for-age or body mass index [BMI]), overweight/obesity (measured by high weight-for-age or BMI), and micronutrient deficiencies (essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals). Overweight and obesity are caused by excessive intake of energy and, in most cases, suboptimal intakes of essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals because of a poor-quality diet. The objective of this chapter is to use available national surveys, which provide information on the nutritional status at the beginning and end of the entire age range of 5–19 years, to obtain proxy indicators of malnutrition for school-age children. These indicators are compared with those for the larger age groups—for example, all children younger than age five years and all women of reproductive age (WRA)—collected in these studies. The chapter also discusses what is known about dietary intake and the consequences of malnutrition for this age group, as well as what actions are needed globally to address nutritional needs in these age groups. Chapter 11 of this volume (Lassi, Moin, and Bhutta 2017) also looks at nutrition in middle childhood and adolescence. Definitions of age groupings and agespecific terminology used in this volume can be found in chapter 1 (Bundy and others 2017).
Malignant Diseases and Mental Disorders - Prevalence, Mortality, Therapeutic Challenge

Sandra Vuk Pisk1, Igor Filipčić1,2, Anamarija Bogović1,3, Željko Milovac1, Ivana Todorić Laidlaw1, Sandra Caratan1 1Psihijatrijska bolnica ‘’Sveti Ivan’’, Zagreb; 2Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Medicinski fakultet, Osijek; 3Hrvatsko katoličko sveučilište, Odjel za psihologiju, Zagreb, Hrvatska / 1Sveti Ivan Psychiatric Hospital, Zagreb; 2Josip Juraj Strossmayer University in Osijek, School of Medicine, Osijek; 3Croatian Catholic University, Department of Psychology, Zagreb, Croatia
Cancer Vaccines: Activating the Immune System to Fight Cancer

T he promise of cancer vaccines is to activate the patient’s immune system to kill tumor cells with minimal toxicity to normal tissues. The vaccine must be able to activate antibodies and/or lymphocytes against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) on the tumor. Although a variety of approaches to activating the immune system exist, an optimal platform has yet to be determined. Many pitfalls exist in the development of cancer vaccines, but certain mechanisms may be able to circumvent these challenges. Cancer vaccines fall into one of two categories: prophylactic or therapeutic. Prophylactic vaccines are intended to prevent the development of cancer; therapeutic vaccines are intended to treat existing cancers. To date, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved one prophylactic vaccine for cervical cancer (see sidebar on page 23), but the agency has yet to approve a single therapeutic cancer vaccine. A number of therapeutic vaccines targeting a wide variety of tumors are currently in development. Many of these vaccines are in Phase III clinical trials and should be seeking FDA approval over the next two to three years.
Self-Care Practices of Rural People with HIV Disease

This qualitative study identified and explored the self-care behaviors of individuals with HIV/AIDS who live in rural areas. Four audiotaped focus groups were conducted with nineteen men and eight women in the rural South. Participants described activities used to take care of themselves and help them to feel better. Data analysis revealed three categories: (1) dealing with rural issues, (2) staying healthy, and (3) ways of taking care of self with HIV. Three subcategories illustrated the concept of dealing with rural issues: (a) returning home, (b) disclosing vs. not disclosing HIV status, and (c) obtaining care. The second category, staying healthy, was portrayed by sub-categories of: (a) eating right, (b) exercising, (c) practicing safer sex, (d) discontinuing drug usage, (e) keeping a positive attitude, and (f) staying busy. The third category, taking care of self with HIV disease depicted sub-categories of participants' descriptions of: (a) taking vs. not medications, (b) going to the doctor, (c) educating themselves about HIV/AIDS, and (d) being involved with HIV/AIDS. This study has implications for health care providers and community planners. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, self-care, rural, focus group http://dx.doi. org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v1i1. 500
Tourism-driven ocean science for sustainable use: A case study of sharks in Fiji

The oceans are in a state of rapid change – both negatively, due climate destabilization and misuse, and positively, due to strengthening of policies for sustainable use combined with momentum to grow the blue economy. Globally, more than 121 million people enjoy nature-based marine tourism — e.g., recreational fishing, diving, whale watching — making it one of the largest marine sectors. This industry is increasingly threatened by ocean degradation and management has not kept pace to ensure long-term sustainability. In response, individuals within the industry are taking it upon themselves to monitor the oceans and provide the data needed to assist management decisions. Fiji is one such place where the dive tourism industry is motivated to monitor the oceans (e.g., track sharks). In 2012, 39 dive operators in collaboration with eOceans commenced the Great Fiji Shark Count (GFSC) to document sharks (and other species) on 592 dive sites. Here, using 146,304 shark observations from 30,668 dives we document spatial patterns of 11 shark species. High variability demonstrates the value of longitudinal data that include absences for describing mobile megafauna and the capacity of stakeholders to document the oceans. Our results may be used to guide future scientific questions, provide a baseline for future assessments, or to evaluate conservation needs. It also shows the value of scientists collaborating with stakeholders to address questions that are most important to the local community so that they have the information needed to make science-based decisions.
Guarigione transmurale in pazienti affetti da malattia di Crohn in terapia di mantenimento con farmaci anti-TNF alfa

La malattia di Crohn e una malattia infiammatoria cronica intestinale, che puo colpire qualsiasi tratto del canale alimentare, ha un decorso cronico-recidivante, e tipicamente coinvolge tutti gli strati della parete intestinale. Gli obiettivi della terapia medica nella malattia di Crohn sono la remissione clinica libera da steroidi e la guarigione mucosale. In questo studio si e considerato un endpoint terapeutico ad oggi mai valutato, la guarigione transmurale, intesa come la normalizzazione dell’ispessimento infiammatorio della parete intestinale nei tratti coinvolti dalla malattia, in pazienti trattati con farmaci anti-TNF α, usando due metodiche di imaging: l’ecografia intestinale e l’entero-RM.
Potensi Kombinasi Bakteri Probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri dengan Sari Buah Kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) sebagai Terapi Penyakit Kanker Kolorektal

ABSTRAK Kanker kolorektal merupakan salah satu penyakit keganasan yang paling umum di dunia saat ini. Kanker kolorektal merupakan kasus keganasan paling umum ketiga setelah kanker paru-paru dan payudara serta penyebab kematian paling banyak keempat di dunia. Mwskipun penyebab kanker kolorektal belum diktehaui, namun beberapa faktor risiko seperti faktor familial dapat meningkat risiko terkena kanker kolorektal. Penatalaksaan kanker kolorektal sampai saat ini berupa kemoterapi, radioterapi dan terapi bedah. Pemilihan dari terapi tersebut berdasarkan penilaian kolonoskopi, pemeriksaan radiologi barium dengan teknik kontras ganda, CT colonography dan evaluasi histologi. Studi literatur yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya ekspresi berlebihan dari reseptor histamin dan adanya defisiensi histamin yang memengaruhi terjadinya kanker kolorektal. Bakteri probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri memiliki efek anti kanker dengan memproduksi histamin yang tidak dapat diproduksi sel kanker, sehingga berperan sebagai antiinflamasi. Buah kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) untuk mendukung aktifitas bakteri probiotik dan memiliki efek anti kanker dalam kandungan buah kurma. Penggunaan bakteri probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri dengan sari buah kurma memiliki efek anti kanker kolorektal sehingga berpotensi sebagai terapi dalam pengobatan kanker kolorektal. Kata Kunci: Buah Kurma, Kanker Kolorektal, Lactobacillus reuteri, Probiotik, Terapi ABSTRACT Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world today. Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy case after lung cancer and cancer as well as the biggest cause of death in the world. Although the cause of colorectal cancer has not been recognized, some risk factors such as family factors can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Management of colorectal cancer to date is chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical therapy. Selection of colonoscopy, barium radiological examination with multiple contrast techniques, CT colonography and histological evaluation. The literature study conducted shows that there are excessive differences in histamine receptors and the presence of histamine deficiencies that affect the increase in colorectal cancer. The probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri has an anti-cancer effect by producing histamine which cannot be produced by cancer cells, so it works as an anti-inflammatory. Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) to support the activity of probiotic bacteria and have an anti-cancer effect in the content of dates. The use of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri with date palm juice has an anti-colorectal cancer effect that is needed as a therapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Keywords: Date Fruit, Colorectal Cancer, Lactobacillus reuteri, Probiotics, Therapy
Reinforcing sustainability in supply chain model

In this paper, a methodology for reinforcing sustainability in supply chain (SC) model is proposed. For the sustainability, economic, environmental and social issues are considered in the SC model which consists of various facilities at each stage. Each issue considers i) the minimization of total cost, ii) the minimization of total amount of CO2 emission and iii) the maximization of total social influence. The SC model with reinforced sustainability is represented as a mathematical formulation and implemented using a hybrid approach. In numerical experiment, two scales of the SC model are presented and the performance of the proposed hybrid approach is compared with those of the some conventional approaches. The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid approach is more efficient than the competing approaches.
Screening for pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV-infected pregnant women in Western Kenya

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is the most common opportunistic infection affecting HIV-infected patients including pregnant women, yet screening for PTB is not routinely or systematically done in most Prevention of Mother-ToChild Transmission of HIV/AIDS (PMTCT) programs. Diagnosis of PTB among HIV-infected pregnant women poses unique challenges including: confusion of constitutional symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) with those of early pregnancy, reluctance to perform radiographic screening, lack of access to TB culture in resource-poor settings and the paucibacillary nature of PTB among HIV-infected patients leading to lower smear positivity rates than their negative counterparts. Objectives: Among HIV-infected pregnant women participating in a standard PTB screening program in Western Kenya to determine the: 1) prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI); 2) prevalence of active PTB and 3) sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of the diagnostic tests in the diagnosis of active PTB. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with an analytic component carried out in Eldoret and Busia PMTCT clinics within the USAID-AMPATH partnership; Western Kenya. All eligible HIV-infected pregnant women receiving care during the five month study period and consented underwent: a standardized structured symptom and sign screen, tuberculin skin test (mantoux), single view posterior anterior dose regulated chest radiograph (CXR) performed after the first trimester and sputum smear and cultures when cough was present.
Who Receives Credit or Blame? The Effects of Made-to-Order Production on Responses to Unethical and Ethical Company Production Practices

While prior research has found that consumer-influenced production improves purchase intentions, the author proposes that it can counterintuitively backfire. This work demonstrates that when consumers have some control over production (e.g., ordering products on demand, customization, preordering), they have lower purchase intentions for products made with unethical processes (e.g., pollution, underpaid labor) than if they had no role in production (i.e., buying what is already in inventory). This effect reverses, however, with positive ethical production (e.g., recycled materials). Because consumers have direct responsibility for whether a product is made, feelings of anticipated guilt or gratification result depending on the ethicality of the production process. This work also proposes a novel threefold conceptualization of responsibility that can be used as managerial levers: direct responsibility, diffusion of responsibility, and broad responsibility. Field studies using Facebook’s advertising platform demonstrate positioning strategies for fair-trade brands and advocacy groups.
Grade – III ACL Tear with Conservative Physiotherapy –An Evidence Based Study

Introduction: Incidence of ACL injuries have become common conservative management with physiotherapy were recorded with good prognosis Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze core strengthening and kinematic exercises using WOMAC scale. Materials and Methodology: 34 year male with ACL tear was treated with core and kinematic chain exercise from October to 10.12. 17 with thrice a week frequency. Results: Results of pre and post WOMAC score were statistically analyzed showing P<. 01. Conclusion: ACL conservatively treated with due physiotherapeutic means has shown good QOL on this study subject was the main outcome.
Molecular design and properties of bridged energetic pyridines derivatives

A series of bridged pyridine-based energetic derivatives were designed and their geometrical structures, electronic structures, heats of formation, detonation properties, thermal stabilities, thermodynamic properties and electrostatic potential were fully investigated using density functional theory. The results show that the steric hindrance effect is a decisive factor for structural stability, and the formation of intramolecular or intermolecular hydrogen bonds doesn't provide advantages to stabilize molecular structure, which was demonstrated by insertion of 3,4,5-trinitro-1H-pyrazole, 3,4-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, 3,5-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-4-amine and 3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine. The azide group and azo bridge play an important role in improving the heats of formation of energetic pyridine-based materials. All designed molecules were found to have values of density ranging from 1.70 g cm−3 (E6, F6) to 2.11 g cm−3 (D3), values of detonation velocity ranging from 7.1 km s−1 (F1) to 9.77 km s−1 (D8), and values of detonation pressure ranging from 21.5 GPa (F1) to 46.0 GPa (D8). When a p-π conjugation formed between the nitrogen atom and pyridine ring, the bond between nitrogen and hydrogen atoms may be broken as the trigger bond.