Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A History of Online Information Services: 1963-1976

Every field of history has a basic need for a detailed chronology of what happened: who did what when. In the absence of such a resource, fanciful accounts flourish. This book provides a rich narrative of the early development of online information retrieval systems and services, from 1963 to 1976 -- a period important to anyone who uses a search engine, online catalog, or large database. Drawing on personal experience, extensive research, and interviews with many of the key participants, the book describes the individuals, projects, and institutions of the period. It also corrects many common errors and misconceptions and provides milestones for many of the significant developments in online systems and technology.
Un outil pour la transcription de la prosodie dans les corpus oraux

On presente un outil d'aide a la transcription de la prosodie dans les corpus oraux. Il vise une transcription prosodique lisible, objective, quantifiee, semi-automatique, perceptuellement motivee, independante de telle ou telle theorie de l'intonation. Il s'agit d'une stylisation de la courbe de F 0 basee sur un modele de la perception tonale existant, qui est appliquee ici aux voyelles. Les variations infraliminaires apparaissent comme des traits plats, les glissandos comme des courbes. Pour faciliter l'estimation des intervalles melodiques, le tout est affiche sur une echelle musicale en demi-tons, similaire a une partition musicale. La transcription est synchronisee avec la segmentation phonetique; d'autres couches d'annotation peuvent etre ajoutees. Le resultat a ete compare aux transcriptions manuelles d'experts ; elle peut etre validee par resynthese du signal sonore a partir de la stylisation.
Mobile IP; Design Principles and Practices

From the Book: PREFACE: Two technological advances in recent years have radically altered the nature of computing for most computer users. The first is mobility. Laptop computers now represent the fastest growing segment of the computer market. Most observers expect that laptop computers, palmtop computers, networked personal digital assistants, and other such mobile computers will eventually represent the majority of the stations connected to the Internet. The advantage of mobile computing is that users may access all their applications from any location, whether they are in another building or a different state. The second advance is the widespread use of the Internet for communication, file transfer, and World Wide Web connectivity. This book describes how to make a mobile computer user a citizen of the Internet and how to access everything the information superhighway has to offer. The goal of this book is to provide you with an introduction to the design and implementation of Internet protocols that are useful for maintaining network connections even while moving from place to place. We look at several protocols including Mobile IP, route optimization, IP version 6, the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, encapsulation, source routing, and some related miscellaneous topics still under development. To take full advantage of the information in this book, you should be familiar with basic Internet protocols, such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/IP. Rich Stevens' book TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1: The Protocols and Douglas Comer's Internetworking with TCP/IP both provide excellent introductions to TCP/IP. As a developer of hardware and softwareproductsfor the Internet, you should have these books on your shelves. By the time you finish Mobile IP: Design Principles and Practices, you will be able to implement Mobile IP, and will have a clear understanding of the system impact of mobility. You will also understand the relevant protocols, and the traps and pitfalls that you are likely to encounter along the way. As you read the book, you will notice many italicized terms, some of which have conventional meanings that may be different than one's first impression (for example, foreign agent). These terms are defined in the Glossary: Please check definitions there, and be sure that you understand a term's meaning before moving on in the text. 0201634694P04062001
A 60.5 GHz millimeter wave spread spectrum radar and the test data in several situations

We developed a 60.5 GHz millimeter-wave spread spectrum radar that can measure the distance, the velocity, the angle in the horizontal direction and the intensity of the received signals between multi-vehicles. It is possible to detect the area of over 30 degrees at present. It is estimated that it is necessary for the future application to control multiple beams effectively between the radar and communications. In this paper, it is described about an outline for the structure of the 60.5 GHz millimeter-wave spread spectrum radar and the test data is given for obstacles sensing both in the static and dynamic situations.
How Bad Are Overlay Networks

This paper assesses the incorporating of candidate nodes into overlay multicast trees. Overlay networks attempt to compensate for the awkwardness and inefficiencies that can exist across the Internet for group communication. This work uses a network simulation application to assess the feasibility of overlay networks and presents the results found. Results show that there are persistent improvements using the metric of cost between the optimal KMB tree and the minimum path spanning tree and that there are significant improvements, again using the metric of cost, between n-way distribution without a centroid node and nway distribution with a centroid node of approximately twenty per cent in each instance. This is to provide an application layer active networking infrastructure for distributed virtual reality.
Der Verlauf der Arteria temporalis superficialis

Den Verlauf der A. temporalis superficiaus zu kennen ist fur eine Arterienbiopsie bei Verdacht auf eine Riesenzellarteriitis notwendig. Auch fur eine BypassOperation zwischen extraund intrakraniellem Stromgebiet der Arteria carotis ist die Kenntnis des Gefallverlaufes Voraussetzung. Die A. temporalis superficialis ist zwar bei vielen Patienten durch ihren geschlangelten Verlauf leicht erkennbar, liegt sie jedoch irn Unterhautfettgewebe verborgen, dann treten Schwierigkeiten des Auffindens auf.
Aceites esenciales de plantas colombianas inactivan el virus del dengue y el virus de la fiebre amarilla

RESUMEN INTRODUCCION: Un antiviral contra el virus del dengue (VDEN) y el virus de la febre amarilla (VFA) para tratamiento de los enfermos, no esta disponible en el mercado a pesar de numerosas investigaciones con compuestos sinteticos. OBJETIVO: Evaluar el efecto inhibitorio in vitro sobre el VDEN y el VFA del aceite esencial obtenido de plantas cultivadas en Colombia. MATERIALES Y METODOS: Los virus se incubaron con el aceite esencial (100 µg/mL) 2 h a 37oC antes de la adsorcion a la celula y el efecto inhibitorio fue determinado por el metodo de reduccion de placa. RESULTADOS: El aceite esencial obtenido de 10 y 8 plantas redujo desde 74 hasta 100% placas del VDEN y del VFA, respectivamente. Los aceites de Lippia citriodora (verbena) y Pimenta racemosa (laurel) fueron mas activos contra ambos virus reduciendo 100% las placas. La magnitud del efecto inhibitorio se relaciono con el metodo de extraccion del aceite y la parte de la planta seleccionada. Conclusion: El aceite esencial de plantas colombianas puede inhibir la replicacion in vitro del VDEN y VFA. Se requieren mas estudios para determinar la concentracion minima inhibitoria y el indice de selectividad para considerar estas plantas como fuente de compuestos antivirales. Palabras clave: Aceite esencial, antiviral, plantas colombianas, virus del dengue, virus de la fiebre amarilla ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Products obtained from plants can inhibit in vitro viruses that cause human diseases. An antiviral drug against dengue virus (DENV) and yellow fever virus (YFV) does not exist despite extensive research exploring synthetic compounds. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the inhibitory effect on DENV and YFV of essential oils obtained from Colombian plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Viruses were incubated with essential oil (100 µg/mL) 2 h at 37°C before cell adsorption and the inhibitory effect was determined by plaque reduction assay. RESULTS: The essential oil obtained from 10 and 8 plants reduced from 74 to 100% DENV and YFV plaques, respectively. Essential oils from Lippia citriodora and Pimenta racemosa were the most active against both viruses causing 100% reduction of plaques. The magnitude of the inhibitory effect was related to the method of oil extraction and part of plant used. CONCLUSION: Essential oils from Colombian plants can inhibit the replication in vitro of DENV and YFV. Further studies determining the minimal inhibitory concentrations and selectivity index are needed in order to consider these plants as a source of antiviral compounds. Keywords: Essential oils, antiviral, Colombian plants, dengue virus, yellow fever virus
Activatable cell penetrating peptides and their use in clinical contrast agent and therapeutic development

Activatable cell penetrating peptides (ACPPs) are polycationic cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) whose cellular uptake is minimized by a polyanionic inhibitory domain and then restored upon proteolysis of the peptide linker connecting the polyanionic and polycationic domains. Local activity of proteases able to cut the linker causes amplified retention in tissues and uptake into cells. This ACPP platform has been specifically designed to meet 3 major criteria for contrast and therapeutic agent development. The first criterion was to target a wide spread disease process and mechanism that is inherent to cancer progression, in this case, matrix metalloprotease activity. Secondly, the platform was designed with an amplification mechanism that can deliver multiple molecules per target; in this case the targets are cancer proteases. Thirdly, the ACPP platform is not limited to a single enzyme target, imaging modality, or therapeutic playload. We show the validation of the ACPP concept from tissue culture to systemic administration in tumor bearing mice. ACPPs have enhanced biodistribution compared to the CPP counterpart and they yield MMP dependent contrast in multiple tumors and in metastases. ACPPs can be conjugated to macromolecular weight carriers to further enhance the biodistribution profile by prolonging plasma half-life resulting in enhanced tumor uptake and providing clinically significant contrast as an 111-In radiotracer. The second part of the dissertation focuses on translation from imaging agents into therapeutic agents. We describe the challenges of cell penetration, drug conjugation, stability, and the resulting animal testing using doxorubicin conjugated dendrimers that yielded some promising results. Lastly, we describe the simple attachment of ACPPs to clinically approved therapeutic nanoparticles. This approach has resulted in ACPP based targeted doxorubicin liposomes that have significant anti-tumor activity compared to untargeted liposomes. We conclude that because of preclinical successes, ACPPs have significant potential in the development of a targeting portfolio of imaging and therapeutic agents that could one day be useful in the clinic
High gradient fabrics

The results of potential distribution and its evolution in time for polypropylene-polyamide fabric were presented in the paper. The tribocharged fabrics, made of combined threads, exhibited strong local electric fields (high gradient fabrics). The estimated values of the normal and tangent components of the electric field were estimated to be on the level of 10/sup 6/ V/m or higher. It was shown that the tribocharging process might be used for activation and revitalisation of strong electric fields, appearing on combined fabrics. Obtained values of components of the field suggest the application of the fabrics in the construction of filters with electrically enhanced efficiency.
Power Optimized And Low Dense Mutual Authentication Protocol For Universally Tolerable RFID Identification

This document specifies the radio frequency communication interface and Reader commanded functionality requirements for an Auto-ID Center Class I radio frequency identification (RFID) Tag operating in the frequency range of 860MHz–930Mhz. A Class I tag is designed to communicate only its unique identifier and other information required to obtain the unique identifier during the communication process. This project describes a universally acceptable security framework tuned especially for RFID Applications. In this brief, gated driver tree technique is introduced to reduce power consumption . By making RFID-specific setup, communication, and concurrency assumptions, we arrive at a model that guarantees strong security, privacy and availability properties, while per-mitting the design of practical RFID protocols. The framework supports modular deployment, which is most appropriate for ubiquitous applications. As an instantiation of the proposed framework, this project describes a set of simple, efficient, secure and anonymous (untraceable) RFID identification and authentication protocols.
Quantitative Seismology: Theory and Methods

In the past decade, seismology has matured as a quantitative science through an extensive interplay between theoretical and experimental workers. Several specialized journals have recorded this progress in thousands of pages of research papers, yet such a forum does not bring out key concepts systematically. Because many graduate students have expressed their need for a textbook on this subject and because many methods of seismogram analysis now used almost routinely by small groups of seismologists have never been adequately explained to the wider audience of scientists and engineers who work in the peripheral areas of seismology, we have here attempted to give a unified treatment of those methods of seismology th at are currently used in interpreting actual data. We develop the theory of seismic-wave propagation in realistic Earth models. We study specialized theories of fracture and rupture propagation as models of an earthquake, and we supplement these theoretical subjects with practical descriptions of how seismographs work and how data are analyzed and inverted. Our text is arranged in two volumes. Volume I gives a systematic development of the theory of seismic-wave propagation in classical Earth models, in which material properties vary only with depth. It concludes with a chapter on seismometry. This volume is intended to be used as a textbook in basic courses for advanced students of seismology. Volume II summarizes progress made in the major frontiers of seismology during the past decade. It covers a range of special subjects, including chapters on data analysis and inversion, on successful methods for quantifying wave propagation in media varying laterally (as well as with depth), and on the kinematic and dynamic aspects of motions near a fault plane undergoing rupture. The second volume may be used as a texbook in graduate courses on tectonophysics, earthquake mechanics, inverse problems in geophysics, and geophysical data processing.n
Physical activity levels in children with developmental disabilities during school

Current guidelines recommend that school-age children accumulate at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on most days of the week. However, little is known about the activity level of school-age children with developmental disabilities (DD): To evaluate physical activity behavior patterns of children with DD during 3 school settings: adapted physical activity (APE, 55 min), classroom (CR, 55 min), and recess (RC, 25 min). Participants were 14 youth (6 boys, 8 girls, 8.7+2.2 yrs) with DD. Heart rate (HR) was measured by telemetry (S410TM Heart Rate Monitor, POLAR®) during APE, CR, and RC on three different days, respectively. HRs were downloaded to a computer via SonicLinkTM. Resting HR (RHR) was measured on three days between 8 to 8:45 a.m. while the child was read to and rested on a beanbag. RHR was calculated as the mean of the 5 lowest HRs on the day that recorded the lowest RHRs (Logan et al., 2000). Time spent in MVPA was determined by the mean time spent (min) above 1.25 RHR (>1.25 x RHR) in the three school settings (APE, CR, and RC). For these three settings, average time spent at MVPA was 84.2+23.2 min. Given that this only represents the morning session classes, these students were meeting and exceeding their recommended 60 minutes of MVPA during the school day.
A 200 mV self-testing encoder/decoder using Stanford ultra-low-power CMOS

A CMOS test chip that includes a 1k-transistor self-testing encoder/decoder is verifiably error-free at supply voltages down to 20O mV, achieving 1/625 the power-delay product of standard 5 V CMOS. The maximum error-free operating frequency of this circuit as a function of supply and threshold voltage is reported here and voltage scaling of performance is compared with ring-oscillator data reported earlier. The circuit works even when bodies of transistors are forward-biased relative to sources to induce /spl sim/100mV depletion-mode thresholds. <<ETX>>
Scheduling data intensive parallel processing in distributed and networked environments

Optimal divisible load scheduling in network environments is examined. A unique optimality proof for parallel processor load scheduling is presented. Means of finding the optimal schedule are also described. Other topics in this thesis include means of improving parallel processor speedup through efficient scheduling, a comparison of optimal scheduling to simple equal division scheduling and scheduling in a multi-job environment. Finally, expressions for expected record search times in a parallel database doing file search are developed. Staggered load scheduling means that a load is well scheduled so as to minimize communication delay. In Chap. 2, staggered load scheduling strategy is compared with arbitrary scheduling strategies. The word arbitrary is used in the sense that a M/G/1 queue has a general solution. Any scheduling policy may be substituted for an arbitrary scheduling. It is concluded that staggered load scheduling is an optimal scheduling policy. In addition, means of finding optimal solutions are also presented. In Chap. 3, it is pointed out that parallel processor speedup may be limited due to communication delay. Although the number of processors may be increased, speedup eventually becomes saturated. This speedup limitation is a function of the communication link speed. In this chapter, various mechanisms that improve speedup are discussed. Multi-installment scheduling with no additional hardware cost and multi-channel scheduling with a low software cost as strategies for speedup improvement is proposed. In Chap 4, a L-level K-ary tree network is considered. In the L-level K-ary tree network, optimal scheduling is compared to simple equal division scheduling. A closed form of finish time is also presented. The procedure used to obtain the finish time for the L-level K-ary tree network can be applied to a general tree network. A critical aspect of distributed systems for multiple users is load sharing. Load sharing balances loads over nodes in a distributed system, even tough loads arrive randomly. In Chap. 5, it is pointed out that distributed systems can be utilized for file sharing, multiple users access and parallel processing. This improves the overall performance of a distributed system. Another significant aspect of a distributed system is parallel processing which improves speedup. In this chapter, optimal load sharing in a multiple job environment is examined. In Chap. 6, elegant expressions for the expected time to find both single and multiple records are found. A linear daisy chain architecture and a single level tree network architecture are investigated. For the single tree network both single installment and multi-installment load distribution is considered. The techniques described here can be used to model and solve for record search time on other architectures. This work is significant for demonstrating the power of divisible load scheduling theory for predicting search times.
Approches en corpus pour la traduction : le cas MÉTÉO

La traduction automatique (TA) attire depuis plusieurs années l’intérêt d’un nombre grandissant de chercheurs. De nombreuses approches sont proposées et plusieurs campagnes d’évaluation rythment les avancées faites. La tâche de traduction à laquelle les participants de ces campagnes se prêtent consiste presque invariablement à traduire des articles journalistiques d’une langue étrangère vers l’anglais; tâche qui peut sembler artificielle. Dans cette étude, nous nous intéressons à savoir ce que différentes approches basées sur les corpus peuvent faire sur une tâche réelle. Nous avons reconstruit à cet effet l’un des plus grands succès de la TA: le système MÉTÉO. Nous montrons qu’une combinaison de mémoire de traduction et d’approches statistiques permet d’obtenir des résultats comparables à celles du système MÉTÉO, tout en offrant un cycle de développement plus court et de plus grandes possibilités d’ajustements.
An Experimental Comparison of Natural and Structured Query Languages

In order to test the widely held belief that natural language is the ideal user interface for computers, subjects solved data retrieval problems using English and using SEQUEL, a structured query language. There were no significant differences in solution accuracy, but subjects worked faster using SEQUEL. Speed differences were greatest for problems having a solution congruent with the syntactic structure of SEQUEL, suggesting an advantage for special-purpose languages tuned to the requirements of specific tasks
Model-Driven Description and Validation of Composite Learning Content

Authoring of learning content for courseware systems is a complex activity requiring the combination of a range of design and validation techniques. We introduce the CAVIAr courseware models allowing for learning content description and validation. Model-based representation and analysis of different concerns such as the subject domain, learning context, resources and instructional design used are key contributors to this integrated solution. Personalised learning is particularly difficult to design as dynamic configurations cannot easily be predicted and tested. A tool-supported technique based on CAVIAr can alleviate this complexity through the validation of a set of pedagogical and non-pedagogical requirements. Courseware validation checks intra- and inter-content relationships and the compliance with requirements and educational theories.
Team theory and neural approximators for dynamic routing in communication networks

The dynamic-routing problem in communication networks is addressed. The nodes of the network must accomplish the following tasks: 1) generating routing decisions to minimize the expected total delay, spent by messages in the queues at the nodes and on the network links, on the basis of local information and possibly of some data received from other nodes, typically the neighboring ones, and 2) computing (or adapting) their routing strategies by measuring local variables and exchanging a small amount of data with other nodes. The first task regards the nodes as the cooperating decision makers of a team organization. The second task calls for a computationally distributed algorithm. Such tasks and the well known impossibility of solving team optimal control problems under general conditions suggest that each decision maker acting at a node be assigned an axed-structure routing strategy, in which some parameters have to be optimized. Feedforward neural networks have been chosen for their powerful approximation capabilities. Simulations performed on complex communication networks show the effectiveness of the proposed method.