Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Welcome home: A manual for the loved ones of returned combat veterans

Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom are the first long-term wars fought with an all-volunteer army. This has led to fewer available soldiers who are deployed more frequently and for longer periods of time. The impact of these deployments is significant and has been found to increase likelihood for substance abuse, mental health disorders, and concerns in the veteran, or service member’s, social functioning and overall adjustment upon returning to civilian life. There have been significant developments in our understanding of these issues, as well as effective interventions and treatment. However, many veterans still do not seek or receive beneficial treatment due to mental health stigma, as well as other barriers. While many treatment paradigms address the unique needs of the family or the individual veteran, very few resources seek to both objectively inform and provide practical coping strategies for the loved ones of veterans. Research has shown social support is a preventative factor in regards to developing or resolving mental health concerns. Similarly, research has demonstrated that others’ perceptions of mental health symptoms significantly impacts how much support and understanding their loved ones will provide (e.g. personalization of withdrawal symptoms). This manual provides a balance of both information and skills to loved ones in order to increase understanding and awareness regarding the difficulties of the transition to from military to civilian life, for both parties. Additionally, the manual integrates attachment theory concepts throughout the resource to foster self-awareness and consideration of the loved one’s own relationship style and emotional regulation. The intended audience is broad and includes a wide range of important relationships that may be affected. It was broken down into three main sections that build upon eachother: Understand, Reconnect, and Rebuild. This manual was developed through critical literature review of peer-reviewed research and personal accounts.
Assessment of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 in children with iron deficiency anemia

Submit Date 2019-09-28 Revise Date 2019-10-21 Accept Date 2019-10-27 ABSTRACT Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common type of anemia during childhood that can cause tissue hypoxia which plays a major role in acute kidney injury (AKI). Aim of the study: Assessment of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 in children with iron deficiency anemia for early detection of kidney injury. Methods: This case control study was done at pediatric departmet of Zagazig uiversity hospitals where 23 children with IDA , 23 matched healthy controls were recruited , we assessed complete blood count (CBC), serum iron , total iron binding capacity, ferritin, serum levels of creatinine(Cr) , urea , sreum electrolytes sodium (Na), potassium(K), calcium (Ca), blood glucose levels, creactive protien (CRP). Urinary KIM-1 levels were measured and divided by urine creatinine . Results: Our study showed no statistically significant differences in biochemical characteristics, serum creatinine and urea of the studied children of both case and control groups (P>0.05). Children with IDA had statistically significantly higher KIM-1/Cr ratio than control group (P<0.001). Negative correlations between hemoglobin, red blood cells, hematocrit levels of the studied children and urinary KIM-1/creatinine levels (P≤0.001). Conclusion: Higher urinary KIM-1 levels in children with IDA suggest possible subclinical kidney injury despite normal levels of serum creatinine and urea.
The effect of abobotulinum toxin A in the prophylactic treatment of refractory migraine

Objective: Some patients with migraine headache still experience severe migraine attacks despite use of proper prophylactic treatments. There are several treatments for refractory migraine (RM), one of which is abobotulinum toxin A (Dysport). This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of abobotulinum toxin A in the prophylactic treatment of RM. Materials and Methods: In this prospective single-arm clinical trial, 18 patients with RM were included. Patients completed a questionnaire including migraine characteristics one month before the study. Each patient received an injection of 150 U abobotulinum toxin A in the specific head and neck regions. Before and 3 months after treatment, migraine severity was evaluated. Results: The average number of attacks per month before injection was 7.56±4.06, which decreased to 1.89±1.32 3 months after injection (p<0.0001). The average duration of attacks also decreased significantly after 3 months of injection (from 20.33 hrs to 2.56 hrs per month) (p=0.0001). Three patients (16.6%) had no attacks during the follow-up period. Eleven patients (61.1%) reported mild attacks and four patients (22.2%) reported moderate pain. Conclusion: Abobotulinum toxin A (Dysport) can reduce frequency, duration, and severity of migraine attacks in patients with RM and it can be used as a prophylactic treatment in this group of patients.
Sero-prevalence of spotted fever, typhus and scrub typhus group rickettsioses among patients with acute febrile illness in Kenya.

xii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background Information . 1 1.2 Statement of the problem . 2 1.3 Study Justification . 3 1.4 Null Hypothesis . 3 1.5Objectives . 3 1.5. 1.General Objectives . 3 1.5. 2 Specific Objectives. 3 CHAPTER TWO:LITERATURE REVIEW . 4 2.1 Rickettsiae . 4 2.2 Taxonomy of Rickettsiae . 4 2.2.1 Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae(SFG) . 5 2.2.2 Typhus Group Rickettsiae (TG) . 6 2.3 Transmission of Rickettsiae . 10 2.4Virulence of Rickettsiae . 13 2.4. 1 Adherence to Host Cell . 13 . 2.4. 2 Invasion and release of Rickettsiae from Host Cells . 14 2.5 Clinical Presentation of Rickettsiae . 14 2.6 Diagnosis of Rickettsiae . 15
Exploring the cognitive biases of lonely people : a social and cognitive approach

Current theoretical models of loneliness postulate that lonely individuals show attentional biases for rejection stimuli in social contexts (Bangee & Qualter, 2018), and memory biases for social information (Gardner et al., 2005). Further, it is suggested that these cognitive biases in lonely individuals then induce passive behaviour and social withdrawal (Cacioppo & Hawkley, 2009; Qualter et al., 2015; Spithoven, et al., 2017). The current thesis included two studies that sought to examine the cognitive biases in lonely people using cognitive experiments and observations of social behaviour. The first study in the current thesis comprised three cognitive paradigms (serial recall, emotional stroop, and directed forgetting tasks) to investigate whether lonely people showed cognitive biases for task-irrelevant information. To explore the bidirectional relationship between loneliness and cognitive biases over time, a longitudinal component to the cognitive study was included. Seventy-seven university students completed the cognitive tasks at Time 1; 23 participants of the original sample group took part in Time 2. The Time 1 results showed that loneliness was associated with memory biases towards social threat information. The longitudinal study showed a bidirectional relationship between the two factors: a higher level of loneliness was linked to a memory bias over time, and a memory bias had a significant impact on the level of loneliness across two time points. Such findings suggest that cognitive biases may have a causal effect on the maintenance of loneliness: for example, perhaps a heightened recall of socially threatening information may perpetuate the belief that people are hostile and unfriendly (Cacioppo & Hawkley, 2009). Study 2 used an observational method to explore behavioural withdrawal and social perceptions of lonely females in a same-sex friendship. One-hundred and sixteen female university students (58 friendship dyads) took part in a 15- minute filmed social interaction followed by questionnaires rating the interaction quality and friendship quality overall. The results showed that lonely individuals demonstrated a passive interaction style, whereas friends of lonely individuals showed more positive social behaviour towards their friends. In terms of their ratings of interaction quality, both members of the dyad rated the interaction as poor quality, but lonely individuals gave more negative ratings to themselves and their friends. The results suggested a strong link between loneliness and negative cognition in social interaction. The implications of the results of both studies for theoretical models and interventions is discussed.
ROLE OF TYPE I INTERFERONS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF BLUETONGUE VIRUS IN MICE AND RUMINANTS

Bluetongue (BT) is a non-contagious arthropod borne viral disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), the prototype member of the genus Orbivirus , family Reoviridae. The innate immune responses are the first line of defence against viral infections. Innate immune responses are critical for development of effective adaptive immune responses. The innate immune molecules are type I IFNs (IFN-α/β), other pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which control the viral infection. BTV is a potent type I interferon inducer in wild type mice from different tissues, cell types and host species. BTV replicates substantial fraction in conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), but only pDCs produces a significant amount of type I IFNs. A temporal relationship between viremia and IFN-α/β activity has been observed during BTV infection and IFN peak concentrations caused decreased BTV titres. Wild type adult mice with intact IFN system were neither susceptible to BTV infection nor viremia/clinical signs/lesions were observed after either intravenous or subcutaneous inoculation. Blocking of IFN-α/β activity in mice resulted in the disruption of IFN-α/β-induced signaling leads to dramatically increased sensitivity to BTV, which allows the virus to replicate more efficiently.
Double diffusion on peristaltic flow of nanofluid under the influences of magnetic field, porous medium, and thermal radiation

The present article investigates the study of double‐diffusive convection on peristaltic flow under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The mathematical modeling for a two‐dimensional flow, along with double diffusion in nanofluids, is considered. The motivation of the present research work is to analyze the effects of the magnetic field and thermal radiation on a peristaltic flow through a porous medium in an asymmetric channel. The heat flux of the linear approximation employs the thermal radiation of the flow problem. The effect of thermal radiation and double diffusion is an important aspect of research due to its application in public health potential. Infrared radiation techniques are indeed used to treat many skin‐related diseases. It can also be used as a measure of thermotherapy in some bones to enhance the blood circulation. It is found that approximately 80% of blood flow increases with radiation. The governing equations are analytically solved by using Homotopy analysis method with the help of the symbolic software Mathematica. The results of the velocity, pressure rise, temperature, solutal (species) concentration, and nanoparticle volume fraction profiles are graphically shown.
ROLE OF VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS IN DEMONSTRATING ABNORMAL CEREBRAL STRUCTURE IN GENETIC GENERALIZED EPILEPSY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background: Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging such as Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) has made important contributions to the evaluation and management of epilepsy over the last two decades. Although VBM techniques together with histopathological studies reveal focal cerebral abnormalities in patients with Genetic Generalized Epilepsy (GGE); results of published studies are sometimes contradictory thereby limiting reasonable conclusions for effective clinical practice. This review aims to provide quantitative summary estimates of studies on role of VBM in detecting focal cerebral abnormalities in patients with GGE. Method: Studies were included in the systematic review if they were full texts published in English, with at least two groups (cases and controls) and sample size of not less than 15 cases. Studies were identified through three electronic databases (Pubmed EMBASE and Google scholar) from January 1995 to July 2014. Studies were systematically searched using key words (‘‘epilepsy’’ or "Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy" or "IGE" or ‘‘juvenile myoclonic epilepsy’’ or ‘‘JME’’ or "Absences Epilepsy" or "AE" or "Juvenile Absence Epilepsy" or "JAE" or "Childhood Absence Epilepsy" or "CAE" or "Generalized Tonic-clonic seizure" or "GTCS") and (‘‘voxel-based morphometry" or ‘‘VBM’’ or ‘‘voxelbased’’ or ‘‘voxel-wise’’ or ‘‘voxel’’). The references of relevant articles were also scrutinized for additional studies. For each eligible study, data were extracted for descriptive and diagnostic variables and summaries relating to outcome. Results: The systematic literature search yielded six hundred and sixteen (616) published studies according to the topic and abstracts. Eighty three (83) articles were identified as potentially eligible and were
The Molecular Characterization of Head and Neck Cancer in Young Patients

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) most commonly develop in older patients (≥60 years of age) with a history of tobacco and alcohol use. However, young individuals (≤45 years of age) can also develop HNSCC, often without common risk factors. Increasing evidence shows that Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with particular HNSCC sites (e.g. oropharynx). We assessed the Roche Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test in several lesions and then examined the prevalence of HPV in HNSCCs from young and older patients. HPV infection was most prevalent in oropharyngeal cancers (16/22, 73%), rarely found in oral cavity cancers (2/53, 4%), and other head and neck sites (1/17, 6%). HPV positive tumors were associated with patients that were >40 and <60 years old (p=0.02). The absence or shortened time of carcinogen exposure from common risk factors and the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) at an early age suggest aberrant genetic events that are different than those in OSSCs from older patients. We used Affymetrix SNP 6.0 arrays to genomically profile oral tumors from young and older patients. Tumors from young patients showed different regions/genes of copy number alterations than those from older patient tumors. An increase of regions of loss of
Combustion and Performance Study of Low-Displacement Compression Ignition Engines Operating with Diesel–Biodiesel Blends

This study investigated the influence of different biodiesel blends produced from residual sunflower oil and palm oil from agroindustry liquid waste on the characteristics of the combustion process, performance, and emissions in a single-cylinder diesel engine. For the analysis of the combustion process, a diagnostic model was developed based on the cylinder pressure signal, which allows the calculation of the heat release rate, the accumulated heat rate, and the temperature in the combustion chamber. This is to assess the influence of these parameters on engine emissions. The experiments on the diesel engine were carried out using five types of fuel: conventional diesel, two biodiesel blends of residual palm oil (PB5 and PB10), and two biodiesel blends formed with palm oil and sunflower oil residues (PB5SB5 and PB10SB5). The engine was running in four different modes, which covered its entire operating area. Experimental results show that the in-cylinder pressure curves decrease as the percentage of biodiesel in the fuel increases. Similarly, the results showed a decrease in the heat release rate for biodiesel blends. The diagrams of the accumulated heat release curves were larger for fuels with higher biodiesel content. This effect is reflected in the thermal efficiency of biodiesel blends since the maximum thermal efficiencies were 29.4%, 30%, 30.6%, 31.2%, and 31.8% for PB10SB5, PB5SB5, PB10, PB5, and diesel, respectively. The emission analysis showed that the blends of biodiesel PB5SB5 and PB10SB allowed a greater reduction in the emissions of CO, CO2, HC, and opacity of smoke in all the modes of operation tested, in comparison with the blends of biodiesel PB5 and PB10. However, NOx emissions increased. In general, biodiesel with the percentage of residual sunflower oil does not cause a significant change in the combustion process and engine performance, when compared to biodiesel that includes only residual palm oil.
Monitoring and punishment networks in an experimental common pool resource dilemma

Abstract With the aid of a lab experiment, we explored how imperfect monitoring and punishment networks impacted appropriation, punishment and beliefs in a common pool resource appropriation dilemma. We studied the differences between the complete network (with perfect monitoring and punishment, in which everyone can observe and punish everyone else) and two ‘imperfect’ networks (that systematically reduce the number of subjects who could monitor and punish others): the directed and undirected circle networks. We found that free riders were punished in all treatments, but the network topology impacted the type of punishment: the undirected circle induced more severe punishment and prosocial punishment compared to the other two networks. Both imperfect networks were more efficient because the larger punishment capacity available in the complete network elicited higher punishment amount.
Impact of nutritional support on morbidity and mortality in critical illness

Critically ill patients are particularly fragile and sensitive both to underand overfeeding, which cause infections, prolonged ventilation and overmortality. The exact definition of energy requirements is therefore extremely important; indirect calorimetry remains the only reliable tool in the clinical setting; however, it is not always applicable. To cite this journal: Réanimation 21 (2012).
Inhaler devices e From theory to practice

Hospital Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Servei de Pneumologia, Universitat Autonoma of Barcelona, Ave. Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science, Kings College, London School of Medicine, UK Allergy and Respiratory Research Group, Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK d Servicio de Neumologia, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
Safety and activity of nivolumab monotherapy in advanced and metastatic (A/M) gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEC): Results from the CheckMate-032 study.

6 Background: Patients (pts) with GC/GEC often present with A/M disease, which has a poor prognosis, with 1-year survival < 30%, and few treatment options. Nivolumab is a fully human anti-PD-1 IgG4 monoclonal antibody with a favorable safety profile and efficacy in melanoma, non–small-cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. The phase I/II, open-label CheckMate-032 study evaluated nivolumab ± ipilimumab in pts with solid tumors. Here, we report initial results for pts with GEC/GC receiving nivolumab monotherapy. Methods: Pts with A/M histologically confirmed GC/GEC, irrespective of PD-L1 status, were assigned to receive nivolumab alone (3 mg/kg IV Q2W) and treated until disease progression (PD) or intolerable toxicity. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR); other endpoints included safety, progression-free survival, overall survival (OS), and biomarker status. Results: 59 pts were enrolled and treated with single-agent nivolumab. Median age was 60 y (range 29–80), and 83% of pts receiv.
Spray drying of mono- and double-layer emulsions of PUFA-rich vegetable oil homogenized by ultrasound

Abstract The aim of this work was to encapsulate PUFA-rich oil by ultrasound emulsification followed by spray drying. mono- and double-layer emulsions stabilized by either whey protein concentrate (WPC) or WPC–pectin were obtained using an ultrasound probe. Maltodextrin and modified starch (HC) blends were used as wall materials. Four of the eight emulsions characterized presented high kinetic stability and were then spray-dried at 150 and 180 °C air inlet temperature: WPC-stabilized emulsions blended with 100% HC, 50% maltodextrin and 50% HC, or 75% maltodextrin and 25% HC; WPC–pectin-stabilized emulsion blended with 100% maltodextrin. The spray-dried microparticles presented a moisture content of 0.3% to 1.23%, water activity between 0.102 and 0.224, encapsulation efficiency ranging from 30% to 93%, and particle size between 8.67 and 16.72 µm. WPC-stabilized microparticles with 100% HC showed the highest encapsulation efficiency (89–93%) and the most efficient protection against oxidation. The use of mono-layer emulsions was sufficient to provide microparticles with the best features. Ultrasonic emulsification is an efficient technique for producing microparticles loaded with PUFA-rich oils.
Book Review: John Oddo, The Discourse of Propaganda: Case Studies from the Persian Gulf War and the War on Terror

women are seen as freakish. Nevertheless, there will be women readers of the book, like this reviewer, to whom the concerns and struggles of the interviewed women seem rather alien. For example, the alternative interpretation that being no longer an object of the heterosexual male gaze can be liberating is not offered. The author concedes that the interviewees are a very homogeneous ‘white, middle-class heterosexual, cis-gendered group’ (p. 142), but they are also self-selecting: it may well be that women who particularly struggled with their own ageing took the opportunity to talk about those issues, skewing the interviews towards negativity and ‘identity trouble’ (p. 44). Throughout the book, the author uses the leitmotif of the mirror as ‘a bridge between the inner and outer selves’ (p. 190) to good effect, both in its literal sense of the ageing face being reflected in a glass and as a metaphor for how ageing women are represented in advertisements and print media. There is room for further study, including updated references, to address how the mirror moment is changed and intensified in the age of idealised self-representations on social media (see e.g. Page, 2019). In sum, the book leaves a few things to be desired, but more importantly represents a welcome contribution to intersectional studies of language and gender.
Public Versus Private Employees: A Perspective on the Characteristics and Implications

Abstract 'You’re fired! ' Infamous words spoken by Donald Trump from prime-time television to the White House. Trump, businessman turned politician, has carried over his characteristics from the private sector to the public sector. Are Americans experiencing the Trump effect or is this a result of the businessman turned politician effect? From work motivation to demographics, this commentary highlights key characteristics and associated implications about the public sector and the private sector employees by discussing the following questions: What are the characteristics of the public and private sector employees? What are the implications of these characteristics? Specifically, public service motivation, organizational, commitment, level of effort, intrinsic factors, job content, pay, job security, and work-life balance are discussed. Review of the literature suggests that while similarities do exist between the public sector and private sector employees, there are sufficient characteristic differences that warrant supporting Appleby’s (1945) doctrine that government employees are indeed different.