Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variation of essential oil composition of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (myrtaceae) from the Montengero coastline

In the current study the essential oil obtained from the leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis plants collected from five localities of the Montenegro coastline was analyzed. The oil yield varied from 0.63 % (Kotor) up to 1.59% (Tivat). The chemical composition of the leaf essential oil was analyzed using GC-MS technique. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were a major class of compounds. Among them, dominant compounds were p-cymene (17.38-28.60%), s-phellandrene (12.35-14.47%) and s-pinene (0.94-11.48%). The second largest group was oxygenated monoterpenes with cryptone (4.97-7.25) and terpinene-4-ol (2.75-4.21%) as predominant. Besides high content of sesquiterpene alcohol spathulenol (7.83-14.15%) was found. According to the results obtained E. camaldulensis from Montenegro can be classified in the chemotype with low 1,8-cineole and high p-cymene and cryptone ratio.
Identification of Tumor Tissue of Origin with RNA-Seq Data and Using Gradient Boosting Strategy

Background Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a type of malignant tumor, which is histologically diagnosed as a metastatic carcinoma while the tissue-of-origin cannot be identified. CUP accounts for roughly 5% of all cancers. Traditional treatment for CUP is primarily broad-spectrum chemotherapy; however, the prognosis is relatively poor. Thus, it is of clinical importance to accurately infer the tissue-of-origin of CUP. Methods We developed a gradient boosting framework to trace tissue-of-origin of 20 types of solid tumors. Specifically, we downloaded the expression profiles of 20,501 genes for 7713 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), which were used as the training data set. The RNA-seq data of 79 tumor samples from 6 cancer types with known origins were also downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) for an independent data set. Results 400 genes were selected to train a gradient boosting model for identification of the primary site of the tumor. The overall 10-fold cross-validation accuracy of our method was 96.1% across 20 types of cancer, while the accuracy for the independent data set reached 83.5%. Conclusion Our gradient boosting framework was proven to be accurate in identifying tumor tissue-of-origin on both training data and independent testing data, which might be of practical usage.
The Joint Effect of Childhood Abuse and Homelessness on Substance Use in Adulthood

Abstract Background Childhood abuse and homelessness are independently associated with substance use. Though childhood abuse and homelessness are strongly correlated, research on the joint effect of exposure to both traumatic life events on substance use is limited. Objective: To estimate independent and joint effects of childhood abuse and homelessness on substance use risk during emerging adulthood and adulthood. Methods: Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 12,288), we measured associations between exposure to physical or sexual abuse in childhood, homelessness in childhood or emerging adulthood, or exposure to both traumas and outcomes of binge drinking, marijuana use, cocaine use, methamphetamine use, and prescription opioid misuse during emerging adulthood (Wave III, ages 18–26 years) and adulthood (Wave IV, ages 24–32 years). Results: In adjusted analyses, exposure to childhood abuse alone, homelessness alone, and both childhood abuse and homelessness were significant correlates of most substance use indicators in emerging adulthood. Those jointly exposed to childhood abuse and homelessness had disproportionate risk of substance use, particularly use of cocaine (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=4.25, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.70, 6.71) and methamphetamine (AOR = 6.59, 95% CI: 3.87, 11.21). The independent and combined effects of abuse and homelessness generally persisted into adulthood though associations tended to weaken. Conclusions/Importance: Those with exposure to abuse, homelessness, and both adverse outcomes constitute a high-risk population for substance use. Addressing abuse and homelessness should be a component of preventing drug risk for screening, treatment, and prevention efforts.
Monoclonalantibodyassayfor free urinary pyridiniumcross-links

The pyridinium cross-links of collagen, pyridinoline (Pyd) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpd), provide structural integrity and rigidity to collagen fibrils in bone. During bone degradation (resorption), the cross-links are released into the circulation and eventually excreted in urine. Pyridinium cross-link measurements in urine have been shown to be sensitive and specific indicators of resorption by both established 1{PLC and newer enzyme inimunoassay (EIA) techniques. We have developed a monoclonal antibody that preferentially binds to the non-peptide-bound free forms of Pyd & Dpd. We have incorporated the antibody conjugated to alkaline phosphatase in a competitive EIA by using Pyd-coated microtiter strip wells. After a 3-h incubation of sample and antibody-enzyme conjugate, color is developed for 1 h with p-nitrophenyl phosphate as the substrate. The intraassay (n = 52) CVs were 3.0-7.6%, and interassay (n = 8) CVs were 6.1-7.4%. Comparisons of the assay (y) with HPLC (x) and a polyclonal antibody-based EIA (x’) gave regression equations of y = 0.46x + 4, r = 0.96, and y = 0.56x’ + 8, r = 0.96. The EIA detected increased Pyd & Dpd concentrations in urine from postmenopausal women and patients with osteoporosis, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, and Paget disease of bone. EIA concentrations also reflected the reduction in Pyd&Dpd excretion resulting from estrogen replacement in surgically menopausal women. Measurement of pyridinium cross-links with this simple EIA appears to provide an accurate index of the rate of resorption and may be useful for metabolic bone disease assessment and monitoring the effects of antiresorptive therapy.
Application of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing for congenital heart disease

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) is an ancient prokaryotic defense system that precisely cuts foreign genomic DNA under the control of a small number of guide RNAs. The CRISPR-Cas9 system facilitates efficient double-stranded DNA cleavage that has been recently adopted for genome editing to create or correct inherited genetic mutations causing disease. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is generally caused by genetic mutations such as base substitutions, deletions, and insertions, which result in diverse developmental defects and remains a leading cause of birth defects. Pediatric CHD patients exhibit a spectrum of cardiac abnormalities such as septal defects, valvular defects, and abnormal chamber development. CHD onset occurs during the prenatal period and often results in early lethality during childhood. Because CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing technology has gained considerable attention for its potential to prevent and treat diseases, we will review the CRISPR-Cas9 system as a genome editing tool and focus on its therapeutic application for CHD.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale for Children (IUSC): Findings From Clinical and Community Samples in Iran

Objective: The present study examined the psychometric properties of a Persian version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale for Children (IUSC; Comer et al, 2009). Method: Participating youth (n = 346) 8 to 18 years of age were nonreferred community youth (n = 279) or youth who met diagnostic criteria for an anxiety disorder (n = 67) and their parents. Results: Across child- and parent-report data, confirmatory factor analysis supported a shortened 12-item version of the IUSC, and the confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed a theory-driven correlated two-factor structure of the IUSC-12. (i.e., prospective/inhibitory IU). Results further supported reliability and validity of parent- and child-reports of the Persian IUSC-12 via evidence of internal consistency, 4-week retest, significant associations with established measures of internalizing problems, and the ability of the measure to reliably distinguish the clinical sample from the community sample. Conclusion: Findings demonstrate sound psychometric properties of the Persian version of the IUSC-12 and provide additional support for the reliability and validity of the measure and its use in non-Western cultures. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for assessment, treatment, and study of anxiety and related internalizing problems in Iranian youth.
Peripheral arteriopathy caused by Notch3 gain-of-function mutation involves ER and oxidative stress and blunting of NO∕sGC∕cGMP pathway.

Notch3 mutations cause Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoenephalopathy (CADASIL), which predisposes to stroke and dementia. CADASIL is characterized by vascular dysfunction and granular osmiophilic material (GOM) accumulation in cerebral small vessels. Systemic vessels may also be impacted by Notch3 mutations. However vascular characteristics and pathophysiological processes remain elusive. We investigated mechanisms underlying the peripheral vasculopathy mediated by CADASIL-causing Notch3 gain-of-function mutation. We studied: i) small arteries and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from TgNotch3R169C mice (CADASIL model), ii) VSMCs from peripheral arteries from CADASIL patients, and iii) post-mortem brains from CADASIL individuals. TgNotch3R169C vessels exhibited GOM deposits, increased vasoreactivity and impaired vasorelaxation. Hypercontractile responses were normalized by fasudil (Rho kinase inhibitor) and 4-PBA (endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor). Ca2+ transients and Ca2+ channel expression were increased in CADASIL VSMCs, with increased expression of Rho GEFs and ER stress proteins. Vasorelaxation mechanisms were impaired in CADASIL, evidenced by decreased eNOS phosphorylation and reduced cGMP levels, with associated increased guanylate cyclase (sGC) oxidation, decreased sGC activity and reduced levels of the vasodilator H2O2. In VSMCs from CADASIL patients, sGC oxidation was increased and cGMP levels decreased, effects normalized by fasudil and 4-PBA. Cerebral vessels in CADASIL patients exhibited significant oxidative damage. In conclusion, peripheral vascular dysfunction in CADASIL is associated with altered Ca2+ homeostasis, oxidative stress and blunted eNOS/sGC/cGMP signaling, processes involving Rho kinase and ER stress. We identify novel pathways underlying the peripheral arteriopathy induced by Notch3 gain-of-function mutation, phenomena that may also be important in cerebral vessels.
Oscillatory Adsorption as the Determinant of the Fluctuating Behaviour of Different Heterogeneous Systems

Heterogeneous, catalytic oscillatory reactions as well as the oscillatory process of complex formation based on solid urea have been analysed in an attempt to ascertain the cause of such oscillatory mechanisms. In this context, oscillatory adsorption/desorption, phase transitions of the supported metal employed as the catalyst in the relevant oscillatory oxidation–reduction reactions as well as the reactions themselves have been considered. Based on an analysis of two oscillatory systems, of which one (i.e. the oscillatory alkylation of isobutane with butenes on a metal-free zeolite catalyst) is not complicated by any phase transitions, whilst the other (i.e. the oscillatory formation of an urea–octane complex via the interaction of urea with a binary vapour mixture of octane and non-complex-forming hydrocarbons) is not complicated by any chemical reactions, it is possible to infer that the source of the oscillatory properties of heterogeneous systems which involve the chemical interaction of their components is oscillatory adsorption which occurs as an uncomplicated self-supporting process which appears to proceed without any increase in the entropy of the system. The occurrence of oscillatory adsorption in a heterogeneous system leads to an oscillatory behaviour in the corresponding process, involving its simultaneous retardation in a similar manner as does the pendulum of a clock with respect to the untwisting of a spring or the oscillatory circuit of an electromagnetic system with respect to the discharge of a dry battery.
Transient situations in nitrate assimilation by marine diatoms. 2. Changes in nitrate and nitrite following a nitrate perturbation1

Nitrate uptake and the excretion and subsequent uptake of nitrite by nitrogen-limited cells of Skeletonernu costntuna and Phaeodnctylum tricornutum following the addition of nitrate were measured under low light intensity. Nitrate uptake kinetics in the light period were rnarkedly different from those in the dark period. The influence of the previous nitrogen source on initial nitrate uptake rates was species- and light-dcpendcnt. Nitrite excretion was related to external nitrate in a hyperbolic way. The relationship between nitrite uptake and cxtcrnal nitrate was not affected by light, but by temperature. When nitrate concentrations decreased below 1 PM, nitrite was taken up, except when a temperature change was imposed. These results arc discussed in relation to the estimation of kinetic parameters of nitrate uptake and the origin of the primary nitrite maximum in oligotrophic oceanic areas.
Beta and phylogenetic diversities tell complementary stories about ecological networks biogeography

Abstract Abstract The beta-diversity of interactions between communities does not necessarily correspond to the differences related to their species composition because interactions show greater variability than species co-occurrence. Additionally, the structure of species interaction networks can itself vary over spatial gradients, thereby adding constraints on the dissimilarity of communities in space. We used published data on the parasitism interaction between fleas and small mammals in 51 regions of the Palearctic to investigate how beta-diversity of networks and phylogenetic diversity are related. The networks could be separated in groups based on the metrics that best described the differences between them, and these groups were also geographically structured. We also found that each network beta-diversity index relates in a particular way with phylogenetically community dissimilarity, reinforcing that some of these indexes have a strong phylogenetic component. Our results clarify important aspects of the biogeography of hosts and parasites communities in Eurasia, while suggesting that networks beta-diversity and phylogenetic dissimilarity interact with the environment in different ways.
Theoretical investigation of the interaction between the metal phthalocyanine [MPc]a(M = Sc, Ti, and V; a = –1, 0, and +1) complexes and formaldehyde

Formaldehyde (FA, CH2O) is one of the toxic volatile organic compounds that cause harmful effects on the human body. In this work, the interaction of FA gas with metal phthalocyanine (MPc) molecules was studied by employing density functional theory calculations. A variety of [MPc]a (M = Sc, Ti, and V; a = –1, 0, and +1) complexes were studied, and the electronic properties, interaction energies, and charge transfer properties of all of the studied molecules were systematically discussed. Among the studied complexes, the Sc and Ti phthalocyanines were more reactive toward the adsorption of FA gas. Moreover, it was revealed that the interaction of the [ScPc]+1 and [TiPc]0 complexes with the CH2O molecule was stronger, in which the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy gap of 46% and 36% decreased after FA adsorption. The results indicated that the MPc-based materials may be a promising candidate for the detection of FA gas.
Medical applications of magnetism

Abstract From early times, magnetism has fascinated many, inspiring their efforts to apply it to medicine. It alone is capable of exerting a force at distances comparable to one's hand, independent of most intervening materials, and very likely it was this fact that encouraged people to search for ways to apply it usefully inside the human body. William Gilbert,1 who is well known to those interested in the history of magnetism, was a physician-in fact, the private physician to Queen Elizabeth I.
CFD Simulation of Rheological Model Effect on Cuttings Transport

Foam, as a non-Newtonian fluid, plays an important role in the underbalanced drilling technique in oil field development. The rheological properties of drilling fluids, such as foam, have a direct effect on flow characteristics and hydraulic performance. Two rheological models—the Herschel–Bulkley model and power law—were fitted to two foam systems in this study. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate the effect of the rheological models on solid–liquid (cuttings transport) hydraulics in concentric and eccentric annulus during the foam drilling operation. The simulation results are compared to the experimental data from previous studies. The results of CFD using the power law model are in good agreement with experimental results in horizontal annulus with respect to the Herschel–Bulkley model with relative error less than 8%. Thus, for CFD cuttings transport for simulations in inclined and horizontal annulus, it is best to use the power law's rheological model parameters.
Effects of Lee Silverman Voice Treatment BIG and conventional physiotherapy on non-motor and motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease: a randomized controlled study comparing three exercise models

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients experience disabling motor dysfunctions as well as non-motor symptoms (NMSs) that can highly impact their perceived quality of life. Besides pharmacological treatment options, active intervention programs have set some attention in managing these symptoms. However, previous studies mainly assessed the effectiveness of active intervention programs on functional mobility and motor symptoms. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) BIG, an intensified and personalized physiotherapy (INTENSIVE), and a conventional physiotherapy (NORMAL) on NMSs in PD. Method: Forty-four patients with mild to moderate PD were randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups. LSVT BIG and INTENSIVE were delivered one-on-one in 16 1-hour sessions within 4 weeks (4×/week). Patients assigned to NORMAL received 16 individual 1-hour sessions within 8 weeks (2×/week). The primary outcome measure was the difference in change from baseline in the non-motor symptom assessment scale for Parkinson’s disease (NMSS) between treatment groups to follow up at week 8. Patients were blinded for the NMSS being the primary outcome, but not the different treatment groups. Results: ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance) showed reduced NMSS scores for all groups, with INTENSIVE being superior to NORMAL (p = 0.033). For secondary outcome measures (stride length, gait velocity and chair rising test) LSVT BIG and INTENSIVE were both superior to NORMAL. Conclusions: The study provides evidence that all three exercise programs are effective techniques to improve NMSs as well as motor function in PD. DRKS registration number: DRKS00008732
Relationship Between External Load and Self-Reported Wellness Measures Across a Men's Collegiate Soccer Preseason

Abstract Fields, JB, Lameira, DM, Short, JL, Merrigan, JM, Gallo, S, White, JB, and Jones, MT. Relationship between external load and self-reported wellness measures across a collegiate men's soccer preseason. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1182–1186, 2021—Monitoring athlete training load is important to training programming and can help balance training and recovery periods. Furthermore, psychological factors can affect athlete's performance. Therefore, the purpose was to examine the relationship between external load and self-reported wellness measures during soccer preseason. Collegiate men soccer athletes (n = 20; mean ± SD age: 20.3 ± 0.9 years; body mass: 77.9 ± 6.8 kg; body height: 178.87 ± 7.18cm; body fat: 10.0 ± 5.0%; V̇o2max: 65.39 ± 7.61ml·kg−1·min−1) participated. Likert scale self-assessments of fatigue, soreness, sleep, stress, and energy were collected daily in conjunction with the Brief Assessment of Mood (vigor, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion). Total distance (TD), player load (PL), high-speed distance (HSD, >13 mph [5.8 m·s−1]), high inertial movement analysis (IMA, >3.5 m·s−2), and repeated high-intensity efforts (RHIEs) were collected in each training session using positional monitoring (global positioning system/global navigation satellite system [GPS/GNSS]) technology. Session rate of perceived exertion (sRPE) was determined from athlete's post-training rating (Borg CR-10 Scale) and time of training session. Multilevel models revealed the bidirectional prediction of load markers on fatigue, soreness, sleep, energy, and sRPE (p < 0.05). Morning ratings of soreness and fatigue were predicted by previous afternoon's practice measures of TD, PL, HSD, IMA, RHIE, and sRPE. Morning soreness and fatigue negatively predicted that day's afternoon practice TD, PL, HSD, IMA, RHIE, and sRPE. Morning ratings of negative mood were positively predicted by previous day's afternoon practice HSD. In addition, negative morning mood states inversely predicted HSD (p = 0.011), TD (p = 0.002), and PL (p < 0.001) for that day's afternoon practice. Using self-reported wellness measures with GPS/GNSS technology may enhance the understanding of training responses and inform program development.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF CHARGES IN ULTRATHIN POLYIMIDE LANGMUIR–BLODGETT FILMS

The spatial distribution of charges in ultrathin polyimide (PI) Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films, with a monolayer thickness of 0.4 nm, deposited onto metals was determined by measuring the surface potential of the PI LB films as a function of the number of deposited layers. The depth of penetration of the excess charges displaced from metal electrodes into the PI LB films was about 3 nm. The saturated surface potential was an accurately linear function of the work function of the metal. We concluded that excess charges (mainly electrons) were transferred from metals into as‐deposited PI LB films until thermodynamic equilibrium was established at the metal/PI interface by electron tunneling.