Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Operating-Point Tracking Method for Sensorless Induction Motor Stability Enhancement in Low-Speed Regenerating Mode

The stability of adaptive full-order observer (AFO) can be improved by feedback gain tuning and speed adaptive scheme modification for sensorless induction motor (IM) drives in low-speed regenerating mode. However, few research concern this problem with attention to IM operating point changes. To cope with this problem, this paper proposes an operating-point tracking method to design feedback gain and speed adaptive scheme for AFO. Compared with the existing approaches, lower synchronous speed can be accessible during step speed and load changes in low-speed regenerating mode without signal injection. Addressing the operating point changes, the estimated flux error is derived by adapting the projection of estimated current error with respect to speed and torque. The derivative estimated flux error with changing parameters is taken as an additional variable to design feedback gain. Meanwhile, the speed adaptive scheme is modified by the operating-point tracking expression. As a result, the proposed method acquires the capacity to track the operating point in real time. The experimental results on a 2.2-kW IM experimental setup confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Reverse Genetics Approach To Study Feline Infectious Peritonitis

ABSTRACT Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a lethal immunopathological disease caused by feline coronaviruses (FCoVs). Here, we describe a reverse genetics approach to study FIP by assessing the pathogenicity of recombinant type I and type II and chimeric type I/type II FCoVs. All recombinant FCoVs established productive infection in cats, and recombinant type II FCoV (strain 79-1146) induced FIP. Virus sequence analyses from FIP-diseased cats revealed that the 3c gene stop codon of strain 79-1146 has changed to restore a full-length open reading frame (ORF).
Sensitive dependence on initial conditions

It is shown that the property of sensitive dependence on initial conditions in the sense of Guckenheimer follows from the other two more technical parts of one of the most common recent definitions of chaotic systems. It follows that this definition applies to a broad range of dynamical systems, many of which should not be considered chaotic. We investigate the implications of sensitive dependence on initial conditions and its relation to dynamical properties such as rigidity, ergodicity, minimality and positive topological entropy. In light of these investigations and several examples which we exhibit, we propose a natural family of dynamical systems- chi -systems-as a better abstract framework for a general theory of chaotic dynamics.
Wearable Device untuk Merekam Data Akselerasi Aktivitas Fisik Menggunakan Sensor Accelerometer

Penelitian ini berfokus untuk merakam akselerasi sebagai akibat dari aktivitas fisik. Nilai akselerasi sebagai akibat dari suatu aktivitas memiliki pola tertentu sesuai dengan gerakan atau aktivitas yang dilakukan, pola dari akselerasi tersebut selanjutnya dapat diolah atau dikalkulasi untuk mengetahui jenis aktivitas yang dilakukan. Sebelum melakukan pengolahan data akselerasi maka diperlukan proses perekaman data, pada penelitian ini perekaman dilakukan dengan memasang perangkat wearable device pada pinggang sebelah kiri kemudian mengirimkan data tersebut ke komputer yang digunakan untuk merekam pola aktivitas. Wearable device yang dirancang terdiri dari: sensor accelerometer dengan menggunakan modul ADXL345, pembaca nilai sensor dengan menggunakan board Lilypad Arduino, pengirim data dengan menggunakan modul Bluetooth HC-05, dan komputer penerima. Fungsi pengiriman data akselerasi, menampilkan nilai akselerasi, dan perekaman pola akselerasi untuk aktivitas berjalan, duduk, dan berdiri sudah dapat berfungsi dengan baik.
Modeling temporal dependency for robust estimation of LP model parameters in speech enhancement

This paper presents a novel approach to robust estimation of linear prediction (LP) model parameters in the application of speech enhancement. The robustness stems from the use of prior knowledge on the clean speech and the interfering noise, which are represented by two separate codebooks of LP model parameters. We propose to model the temporal dependency between short-time model parameters with a composite hidden Markov model (HMM) that is constructed by combining the speech and the noise codebooks. Optimal speech model parameters are estimated from the HMM state sequence that best matches the input observation. To further improve the estimation accuracy, we propose to perform interpolation of multiple HMM state sequences such that the estimated speech parameters would not be limited by the codebook coverage. Experimental results demonstrate the beneﬁts and effectiveness of temporal dependency modeling and states interpolation in improving the segmental signal-to-noise ratio, PESQ and spectral distortion of enhanced speech.
Fecal Continence Revisited: The Anal External Sphincter Continence Reflex

BACKGROUND: None of the current theories on fecal incontinence can explain fecal continence adequately. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the mechanism controlling fecal continence. DESIGN: Anal electrosensitivity, anorectal pressures, and rectal pressure volumetry tests were performed in 17 controls before and after superficial local anal anesthesia and in 6 controls before and after spinal anesthesia. The same tests were performed in 1 patient before and after injected local anal anesthesia and in 3 patients with spinal cord lesions at levels Th3 to L3. RESULTS: After superficial local anal anesthesia, anal electrosensitivity decreased, but basal anal pressure remained unaltered. Squeeze pressure decreased and rectal filling sensation levels remained. Local anesthesia reduced anal pressure recorded in the distal anal canal during progressive rectal filling. This was also the case, albeit more explicit, after the local anal anesthetic was injected. After spinal anesthesia, the anal canal became insensitive to electric stimulation, but basal and squeeze pressure values decreased substantially, and the increase in anal pressure during the balloon-retaining test disappeared completely. In the patients with spinal cord lesions, the external sphincter could not be squeezed on command, but during the balloon-retaining test, the anal sphincter did squeeze autonomously at more than 300 mmHg. LIMITATIONS: These were partially experimental measurements. The relevance of the found model in the daily clinical practice will have to be studied in a following study. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the hypothesis that the component of fecal continence mediated by contraction of the external sphincter depends on a anal external sphincter continence reflex without involving the brain. Presumably, the afferent receptors of this reflex are contact receptors located superficially in the mucosa or submucosa of the distal anal canal. A nonfunctioning anal external sphincter continence reflex would, therefore, result in fecal incontinence (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/DCR/A116).
Pulse Propagation in Time Dependent Randomly Layered Media

We study cumulative scattering effects on wave front propagation in time dependent randomly layered media. It is well known that the wave front has a deterministic characterization in time independent media, aside from a small random shift in the travel time. That is, the pulse shape is predictable, but faded and smeared as described mathematically by a convolution kernel determined by the autocorrelation of the random fluctuations of the wave speed. The main result of this paper is the extension of the pulse stabilization results to time dependent randomly layered media. When the media change slowly, on time scales that are longer than the pulse width and the time it takes the waves to traverse a correlation length, the pulse is not affected by the time fluctuations. In rapidly changing media, where these time scales are similar, both the pulse shape and the random component of the arrival time are affected by the statistics of the time fluctuations of the wave speed. We obtain an integral equation for the wave front, that is more complicated than in time independent media, and cannot be solved analytically, in general. We also give examples of media where the equation simplifies, and the wave front can be analyzed explicitly. We illustrate with these examples how the time fluctuations feed energy into the pulse.
Self-Efficacy and Memory Aging: The Impact of a Memory Intervention Based on Self-Efficacy

ABSTRACT A multifactorial training program was developed for older adults, to improve self-efficacy and memory performance. Elements designed to raise self-efficacy were integrated into class discussions, homework readings, and practice exercises, including an emphasis on memory potential at any age, self-set goals, and opportunities for mastery. Strategy training focused on association, organization, attention, imagery, and PQRST. Significant improvements for the training group, as compared to a wait-list control group, were observed for memory self-efficacy, locus of control, name recall and story recall. Trained participants were using effective strategies more so than the control group. Final test scores were predicted by self-efficacy, condition assignment, and baseline ability (with some variation across the three tasks). These findings suggest that an integrated and comprehensive training program that incorporates principles of self-efficacy theory has great potential for improving older adults' memory ability.
Behavioural Approaches to the Management of Sexual Deviations

The history of treatment approaches used to help individuals troubled by sexual deviation or variation is notable for the way it has reflected the changing attitudes of both society and medicine to such behaviour. In recent years the range of behavioural techniques has broadened considerably with the introduction of, for example, cognitive forms of treatment and a change in emphasis away from the suppression of deviant sexual behaviour and towards the positive development of desired behaviour. In addition, as with behaviour therapy in general, a more flexible approach to management has developed with much greater emphasis on designing treatment on the basis of each individual patient's needs. Furthermore, there has been a marked reduction in the number of requests received for help with deviant sexual interest. This reflects both the changes that are occurring in social attitudes to sexuality in general, and homosexuality in particular, which have reduced the pressures on individuals to abandon their personal styles of sexual behaviour, and the development of self-help groups and minority organisations.
Knowledge support for story construction, exploration and personalization in Cultural Heritage Forums

The CIPHER projects aims to develop the tools and methodology required for Cultural Heritage Forums - online spaces for the active exploration of cultural heritage. Within the project, knowledge technologies are being developed to provide intelligent support for Cultural Heritage Forum users. We outline the CIPHER Knowledge Framework that specifies how CH Forum content can be formally described in order to support desired services. The CIPHER Knowledge Framework incorporates four types of description: (i) the naming of collected heritage objects identified as belonging to the associated heritage domain; (ii) the interpretation of heritage objects according to anthologies of the domain; (iii) the formal representation of stories, their structure and content; and (iv) the formal representation of narratives and their components. The CIPHER Knowledge Framework is motivated by theories of creativity, story construction and narrative. It is intended that the CIPHER Knowledge Framework will support story construction by CH Forum members, exploration of forum resources, and the personalized presentation of forum content.
Are there gender related differences in neonatal abstinence syndrome following exposure to buprenorphine during pregnancy?

Abstract Aim: To determine whether infant gender influences the course of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) following exposure to buprenorphine during pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed in which maternal and infant data were collected for 46 male and 44 female infants. All infants were born to women enrolled in a buprenorphine treatment program from December 2007 until October 2012. Maternal and infant characteristics and outcomes were compared by infant gender. Results: Male infants had a significantly higher mean peak NAS score (10.04 vs. 7.98, P=0.028) and were more likely to require pharmacologic treatment for NAS (39.1% vs. 11.4%, P=0.005). Conclusions: These data indicate that, following exposure to buprenorphine during pregnancy, male infants experience a more severe withdrawal syndrome and are more likely to require pharmacologic treatment for NAS.
How Firms Can Strategically Influence Open Source Communities: The Employment of ‘Men on the Inside’

Firms have discovered that open source (OS) communities can be valuable sources of innovation. However, the access for firms to these communities turned to be intricate. One proven way of how firms can enter OS communities is via their personnel ("men on the inside"). Focusing on firmsponsored OS communities, Viktor Lee detects the specific functions of MOI and how these individuals influence the community network by applying a comparative case study of two OSS firms. A netnographic and social network analysis of the community interactions of over 12,000 individuals was conducted. He concludes that firms can succeed in integrating a community into the firm's development process with the help of the MOI.
Multi-stage analog placement with various constraints

In this paper, we present a placement method for analog circuit. This method can handle multiple constraints, which include multi-symmetry, proximity, signal-path clustering constraints. All these constraints are common requirement in analog circuit design. However, none of previous works considered the relations between constraints, and how to handle these multiple constraints effectively to get a convergent solution is also a seldom solved problem in previous works. Our contributions are threefold: 1) introduce signal path constraints and handle all constraints with Sequence Pair representation; 2) present a multi-stage simulated annealing strategy to acquire a faster convergence of searching process; 3) first introduce a post refinement stage to further improve the result placement, using linear programming. The effectiveness and efficiency of experimental results are promising.
Ascorbic acid may not be involved in cryptochrome-based magnetoreception

Seventeen years after it was originally suggested, the photoreceptor protein cryptochrome remains the most probable host for the radical pair intermediates that are thought to be the sensors in the avian magnetic compass. Although evidence in favour of this hypothesis is accumulating, the intracellular interaction partners of the sensory protein are still unknown. It has been suggested that ascorbate ions could interact with surface-exposed tryptophan radicals in photoactivated cryptochromes, and so lead to the formation of a radical pair comprised of the reduced form of the flavin adenine dinucleotide cofactor, FAD•−, and the ascorbate radical, Asc•−. This species could provide a more sensitive compass than a FAD–tryptophan radical pair. In this study of Drosophila melanogaster cryptochrome and Erithacus rubecula (European robin) cryptochrome 1a, we use molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the transient encounters of ascorbate ions with tryptophan radicals in cryptochrome in order to assess the likelihood of the [FAD•− Asc•−]-pathway. It is shown that ascorbate ions are expected to bind near the tryptophan radicals for periods of a few nanoseconds. The rate at which these encounters happen is low, and it is therefore concluded that ascorbate ions are unlikely to be involved in magnetoreception if the ascorbate concentration is only of the order of 1 mM or less.
The Virtual Shopping Experience: using virtual presence to motivate online shopping

Online shopping has thus far tended to be a niche business – highly successful in selling digital products such as shares, software and, increasingly, music and films, it has been less successful in persuading the purchasers of ‘traditional’ goods such as cars, clothes, toiletries, or household appliances to forsake their physical retailers and move into cyberspace. In this wide-ranging review paper we investigate the issue of the virtual experience – endeavouring to understand what is needed for a successful ‘shopping experience’ online and what the possible obstacles or pitfalls along the way might be. We initially introduce the concepts of virtual presence (the sense of ‘being there’) and virtual reality, discussing the possible roles both can play in providing a solution to the problem of effective online shopping. We then consider the Experience Economy, a concept which encapsulates many of the issues related to the problem of online shopping and which suggests ways in which online retailers can enhance the effectiveness of their sites by means of a virtual ‘experience’. Having set the scene for online shopping, we discuss eTailing today in terms of direct product experience and the opportunities which cyber-shopping offers to replicate this process. Finally, we identify some of the possibilities and problems of online shopping today, illustrating the current status of virtual presence in retailing with two micro-cases of success and failure.
Critical factors for the effectiveness of clinical pathway in improving care outcomes

Nowadays, clinical pathway (CP) is becoming a promising healthcare management protocol due to its positive effectiveness on the care outcomes. But there are many factors that may influence the application effectiveness of clinical pathway thereby some unsuccessful cases are reported. To date, little research has been systematically conducted to identify and explore these factors. Under this consideration, this research dedicates to finding out critical factors that can influence the performance of clinical pathway based on a literature review. The identified critical success factors are discussed along the three phases of the implementation process for clinical pathway (i.e., CP design process, CP execution process, CP evaluation process). And totally 8 vital factors are summarized as ldquomultidisciplinary group involvementrdquo, ldquodecent applicable objectrdquo, ldquoflexibility of clinical pathwayrdquo in the design process; ldquoeducation to the care providersrdquo, ldquocontinual optimizationrdquo, ldquocomputerized clinical pathwayrdquo and ldquopsychology influencerdquo in the execution process; ldquostatistics source and analysisrdquo in the evaluation process.
Size Effects in a Silica-Polystyrene Nanocomposite: Molecular Dynamics and Surface-enhanced Continuum Approaches

Size effects in a system composed of a polymer matrix with a single silica nanoparticle are studied using molecular dynamics and surface-enhanced continuum approaches. The dependence of the composite’s mechanical properties on the nanoparticle’s radius was examined. Mean values of the elastic moduli obtained using molecular dynamics were found to be lower than those of the polystyrene matrix alone. The surface-enhanced continuum theory produced a satisfactory fit of macroscopic stresses developing during relaxation due to the interface tension and uniaxial deformation. Neither analytical nor finite-element solutions correlated well with the size-effect in elastic moduli predicted by the molecular dynamics simulations.
The effect of electrode displacements on pattern recognition based myoelectric control

Pattern recognition based myoelectric controllers rely on a fundamental assumption that the patterns detected under a given electrode are repeatable for a given state of muscle activation. Consequently, electrode displacements on the skins surface affect the classification accuracy of the pattern based myoelectric controller. The effects of electrode displacement can be mitigated by using a training set of data which consists of patterns detected over a range of plausible displacement locations to train the control system
The Evolution of Bony Vertebrate Enhancers at Odds with Their Coding Sequence Landscape

Enhancers lie at the heart of transcriptional and developmental gene regulation. Therefore, changes in enhancer sequences usually disrupt the target gene expression and result in disease phenotypes. Despite the well-established role of enhancers in development and disease, evolutionary sequence studies are lacking. The current study attempts to unravel the puzzle of bony vertebrates’ conserved noncoding elements (CNE) enhancer evolution. Bayesian phylogenetics of enhancer sequences spotlights promising interordinal relationships among placental mammals, proposing a closer relationship between humans and laurasiatherians while placing rodents at the basal position. Clock-based estimates of enhancer evolution provided a dynamic picture of interspecific rate changes across the bony vertebrate lineage. Moreover, coelacanth in the study augmented our appreciation of the vertebrate cis-regulatory evolution during water–land transition. Intriguingly, we observed a pronounced upsurge in enhancer evolution in land-dwelling vertebrates. These novel findings triggered us to further investigate the evolutionary trend of coding as well as CNE nonenhancer repertoires, to highlight the relative evolutionary dynamics of diverse genomic landscapes. Surprisingly, the evolutionary rates of enhancer sequences were clearly at odds with those of the coding and the CNE nonenhancer sequences during vertebrate adaptation to land, with land vertebrates exhibiting significantly reduced rates of coding sequence evolution in comparison to their fast evolving regulatory landscape. The observed variation in tetrapod cis-regulatory elements caused the fine-tuning of associated gene regulatory networks. Therefore, the increased evolutionary rate of tetrapods’ enhancer sequences might be responsible for the variation in developmental regulatory circuits during the process of vertebrate adaptation to land.
Highly reliable TaOx ReRAM and direct evidence of redox reaction mechanism

Highly reliable TaOx ReRAM has been successfully demonstrated. The memory cell shows stable pulse switching with endurance over 109 cycles, sufficient retention exceeding 10 years at 85degC. TaOx exhibits stable high and low resistance states based on the redox reaction mechanism, confirmed by HX-PES directly for the first time. An 8 kbit 1T1R memory array with a good operating window has been fabricated using the standard 0.18 mum CMOS process.
AUX1 regulates root gravitropism in Arabidopsis by facilitating auxin uptake within root apical tissues

Plants employ a specialized transport system composed of separate influx and efflux carriers to mobilize the plant hormone auxin between its site(s) of synthesis and action. Mutations within the permease‐like AUX1 protein significantly reduce the rate of carrier‐mediated auxin uptake within Arabidopsis roots, conferring an agravitropic phenotype. We are able to bypass the defect within auxin uptake and restore the gravitropic root phenotype of aux1 by growing mutant seedlings in the presence of the membrane‐permeable synthetic auxin, 1‐naphthaleneacetic acid. We illustrate that AUX1 expression overlaps that previously described for the auxin efflux carrier, AtPIN2, using transgenic lines expressing an AUX1 promoter::uidA (GUS) gene. Finally, we demonstrate that AUX1 regulates gravitropic curvature by acting in unison with the auxin efflux carrier to co‐ordinate the localized redistribution of auxin within the Arabidopsis root apex. Our results provide the first example of a developmental role for the auxin influx carrier within higher plants and supply new insight into the molecular basis of gravitropic signalling.