Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A system of biometric authentication based on ECG signal segmentation

One of the fundamental difficulties of ECG (Electrocardiogram) based biometric systems is intrabeat variation. In order to decrease these variations and increase the performance of the biometric system, we have proposed a new convolution based method for beat extraction and a waveshape based method for beat segmentation. In the feature extraction stage, thirty spatial and interval features are extracted and they are categorized in six groups using Feature Forward Selection (FFS) method. Feature classification is done by using four classifiers: Nearest Neighbor, Gaussian, Principal Component and Parzen Window data description. The experiment is done on MIT-BIH normal sinus rhythm database and the proposed method is achieved to %2.34±0.19 Equal Error Rate (EER) and %99.73±0.04 Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) using Parzen Window classifier.
Expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor, octamer-binding transcription factor 4, and intracisternal A particle-promoted polypeptide in human breast cancer tissues

Abstract Background: Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) is one of the members of glycoprotein hormone receptor family; activation of TSHR by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) regulates thyroid function, proliferation, and differentiation. The other family members of glycoprotein hormone receptors, such as leutinizing hormone receptor (LHR), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are known to be expressed in nonendocrine tissues including human breast cancer and regulate proliferation and differentiation. The involvement of thyroid hormones in the growth and differentiation of normal breast tissue is well documented. However, the presence of TSHR in breast cancer has not been demonstrated. The aim of the present study was to establish the expression pattern of TSHR along with transcription factors, such as octamer 4 (OCT4) and intracisternal A particle-promoted polypeptide (IPP) in human breast tumor. Materials and methods: For this study, patients with stages I–III breast cancers and adjacent noncancerous tissues were prospectively accrued and analyzed. We employed semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis to determine the expression levels of TSHR in normal and human breast cancer tissues. Results: The results indicated that a significant increase in TSHR expression was observed in tumor tissues compared to normal breast tissues. RT-PCR analysis of OCT4 and IPP also revealed a significant increase in breast tumor tissues over the controls. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating expression of TSHR and IPP in normal breast and breast tumors. The expression of TSHR, IPP, and OCT4 increased in the human breast tumor samples over the noncancer tissues. However, further studies are needed to establish an unequivocal role for TSHR in breast tumor progression.
Variation in prevalence and intensity of two avian ectoparasites in a polluted area

SUMMARY We counted the numbers of pupae of two ectoparasitic flies (Protocalliphora sp. and Ornithomyia sp.) in the nests of a passerine bird, the pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) to find out if their prevalence or intensity are affected by long-term environmental pollution by a copper smelter and whether such an interaction would have impacts on birds' breeding success. Fecal metal concentrations of F. hypoleuca nestlings were used to explore direct association between metal levels and parasite prevalence, but we also included other explanatory factors in our analysis, such as timing of breeding, brood size, ambient temperature, habitat quality and host population density. We found that environmental pollution decreased the prevalence of Protocalliphora via changed habitat quality but did not affect the prevalence of Ornithomyia. The prevalence of neither ectoparasite was, however, directly related to ambient metal levels. Both ectoparasites showed higher prevalence when ambient temperature during the nestling period was high, emphasizing the potential of climate change to modify host–parasite relationships. The prevalence of Ornithomyia was further highest in dense F. hypoleuca populations and late broods. Nestling survival decreased with increasing infestation intensity of Ornithomyia while no association was found for Protocalliphora. Despite relatively low numbers and overall weak effect of parasites on survival, the possible delayed and/or sublethal effects of these ectoparasites call for further studies. Our results suggest that pollution-related effects on avian ectoparasite numbers are species-specific and reflect habitat changes rather than direct toxic effect of heavy metals.
Utilisation des syntagmes nominaux dans un système de recherche d'information en langue arabe

RÉSUMÉ. Dans un contexte riche, un système de recherche d’information doit être capable de trouver les meilleurs résultats possibles. Dans ce but, notre étude s’intéresse aux connaissances qui peuvent être extraites du contenu textuel des documents en associant la finesse d’analyse d’une approche linguistique à la capacité d’une approche statistique traitant des corpus de grandes tailles. L’approche statistique se base sur la fouille de données textuelles et principalement sur la technique d’analyse sémantique latente tandis que l’approche linguistique se base sur les syntagmes nominaux que nous considérons comme des entités textuelles plus susceptibles de représenter l’information contenue dans le texte que les termes simples. Par une expérimentation, sur une collection de documents arabes spécialisés dans le domaine de l’environnement nous montrons l’impact de l’utilisation des syntagmes nominaux sur la précision d’un système de recherche d’information. ABSTRACT. In a rich information context, an information retrieval system must be able to ensure the best results. For this, the aim of our study consists in extracting the knowledge based on document textual contents by associating the analysis smoothness of a linguistic approach to the statistical approach capacity treating large corpus. The statistical approach is based on text mining mainly on the latent semantic analysis technique, while the linguistic approach is based on the noun phrases which are more susceptible to be used like textual entities in representing the text information than the simple terms. By experimentation in Arabic documents, specialized in the environment field, we show the use of noun phrase impact on the information retrieval system precision. MOTS-CLÉS : Recherche d’information, Langue Arabe, Syntagmes nominaux, Pseudoracinisation, Analyse Sémantique Latente.
Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery arising from the left anterior descending artery in a case with single coronary artery anomaly: multi-detector computer tomography imaging.

A variety of cardiac disorders can cause sudden cardiac death. The detection and visualization of structural anatomic cardiac abnormalities is a key in the management of patients at risk for sudden cardiac death (1). In this report, we present an interesting case of isolated single coronary artery and anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (RCA) that originated from the left anterior descending artery (LAD).
QseA and GrlR/GrlA Regulation of the Locus of Enterocyte Effacement Genes in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT Transcription of the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) genes in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is regulated by the LEE-encoded Ler and GrlR/GrlA proteins as well as the non-LEE-encoded regulator QseA. This work demonstrates that GrlR/GrlA activate LEE2 transcription in a Ler-independent fashion, whereas transcription of grlRA is activated by QseA in both Ler-dependent and -independent manners.
A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words, Literally Deep Neural Networks for Social Stego

and Introduction Images, videos and other digital media provide a convenient and expressive way to communicate through social networks. But such broadcastable and information-rich content provides ample illicit opportunity as well. Web-prevalent image files like JPEGs can be disguised with foreign data since they’re perceivably robust to minor pixel and metadata alterations. Slipping a covert message into one of the billions of daily posted images may be possible, but to what extent can steganography be systematically automated and scaled? To explore this, we first report the distorting side effects rendered upon images uploaded to popular social network servers, e.g. compression, resizing, format conversion, and metadata stripping. Then, we build a convolutional neural network that learns to reverse engineer these transformations by optimizing hidden data throughput capacity. Pre-uploaded and downloaded image files teach the network to locate candidate pixels that are least modifiable during transit, allowing stored hidden payloads to be reliably recalled from newly presented images. Deep learning typically requires tons of training data to avoid overfitting. But data acquisition is trivial using social networks’ free image hosting services, which feature bulk uploads and downloads of thousands of images at a time per album. We show that hidden data can be predictably transmitted through social network images with high fidelity. Our results demonstrate that AI can hide data in plain sight, at large-scale, beyond human visual discernment, and despite third-party manipulation. Steganalysis and other defensive forensic countermeasures are notoriously difficult, and our exfiltration techniques highlight the growing threat posed by automated, AI-powered red teaming.
Developments in poultry genetic research 1960–2009

Major advances in the study of inheritance were made in the early 20th century that became the basis for the systematic improvement of chickens for specialised egg or meat production in the last 50 years. The developing sciences of applied poultry breeding are reflected in publications in British Poultry Science during this period and are illustrated by a selection of papers in five areas: (i) papers on the measurement of new phenotypes (disease resistance and egg shell strength); (ii) undesirable correlated responses to selection (reproductive efficiency and bone strength); (iii) genetic interactions (gene-gene and gene-environment); (iv) selection for production efficiency (feed conversion efficiency and residual feed intake); and (v) papers illustrating the potential role of technology based on knowledge of variation at the level of the DNA (Quantitative Trait Loci for ascites resistance and polymorphisms in the growth hormone receptor gene).
The Role of Electrodiagnostic Testing, Imaging, and Muscle Biopsy in the Investigation of Muscle Disease

ABSTRACTPurpose of Review: This article reviews the roles of electrodiagnostic testing, imaging studies (MRI and ultrasound), and muscle biopsy in evaluating patients for possible muscle diseases.Recent Findings: In addition to electrodiagnostic testing and muscle biopsy, muscle imaging is increasingly being used in the evaluation of patients with suspected muscle disease. MRI and ultrasound can help identify patterns of muscle involvement that may narrow the differential diagnosis and guide further testing. In addition, imaging can identify potential targets for muscle biopsy and can help evaluate for and exclude certain conditions that may mimic muscle disease.Summary: This article provides a comprehensive overview of various testing modalities used in the evaluation of patients with suspected muscle disease, including electrodiagnostic studies, muscle imaging, and biopsy. In combination with a thorough history and clinical examination, these modalities can help narrow the differential diagnosis or, in certain cases, can confirm a specific etiology of muscle disease.
Absolute configuration at C14 and C85 in prymnesin-2, a potent hemolytic and ichthyotoxic glycoside isolated from the red tide alga Prymnesium parvum.

Prymnesin-2 is a potent red tide toxin characterized by a highly oxidized C(90) carbon chain and multiple functional groups. Succeeding the assignment of the relative stereochemistry in the polycyclic-ether segment, the absolute configurations of two chiral centers in linear chain parts were elucidated. The configuration at C14 bearing an amino group was determined to be S by using a chiral anisotropic reagent and that at chlorinated C85 to be S by fluorimetric chiral HPLC comparison between a degradation product and synthetic references.
Three-component signal recognition using time, time-frequency, and polarization information-application to seismic detection of avalanches

A method for automatic signal recognition, applied to seismic signals classification, is presented. It is based on the fusion of data derived from the analysis of the signal in three domains: time, time-frequency, and polarization. In the time domain, two techniques are used for envelope shape parametrization. In the time-frequency domain, the autoregressive and Capon (ARCAP) time-frequency method is used on a gliding time-window to estimate the spectral components of the signal versus time. For each window, the frequencies are estimated using AR modelization. The power at each frequency and the corresponding filtered signal are estimated using Capon's (1969) method. A comparison with Fourier's narrow-bandpass filtering shows that Capon's method produces a better filtering. In the polarization domain, two original methods are proposed: one for checking the linear polarization of a signal and one for localizing the linear waves in the time-frequency plane. A system for automatic recognition of seismic signals associated with avalanches is then presented as an application. Signal features are derived from the analysis to sum up the characteristics of the signal in each domain. These features are combined using fuzzy logic and credibility factors, according to rules derived from physical knowledge (generating processes and propagation rules), in order to decide whether a signal comes from an avalanche or not. The global rate of correct recognition is over 90% for that first version of the system.
Adaptive multichannel sequential lattice prediction filtering method for range estimation in cognitive radios

A range estimation method for cognitive MIMO-OFDM radio systems is considered in this presentation. The range estimation problem is formulated as time delay estimation problem, and then adapted as multiple channel estimation problem. The multiple channels are estimated by using sequential processing multichannel Givens lattice stages (SPMGLSs). A complete modified Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization of multichannel input data is accomplished, matrix operations are avoided, and only scalar operations are used. A highly modular, regular, and Vertical Bell Laboratories Layered Space Time (V-BLAST) type radio receiver architecture, that has a suitable structure for software defined radio implementations, is achieved, such that the same receiver structure can easily be reconfigured as an equalizer or a spectrum sensing filter depending on mode of operation of cognitive radio. The dispersed cognitive radio spectrum is utilized by the multiple channels of the proposed method, the multiple time delay estimates are joined together by equal combining method to attain a single time delay estimate, and the range estimate is subsequently computed from the combined time delay estimate. The performance of the proposed method under timeinvariant and time-variant channel conditions, and also taking into consideration the inter-symbol interference (ISI) and interchannel interference effects (ICI) is presented by means of standard deviation and mean bias of range estimate vs. signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) curves, and compared with the Cramer Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) and with the performance of maximum likelihood (ML) method, implemented in each channel.
Micro Sorters with 3D Focusing and Continuous Sorting

Dielectrophoretic (DEP) flow sorters for continuously selecting particles (cells) of interest from a mixture of many samples were designed and studied. DEP forces created by non-uniform electric fields are used as confining forces to three-dimensionally focus bio-particles into a single particle stream, as well as deflection forces to continuously sort the bio-particles in the micro sorter. The key mechanism of the flow sorters that can focus and sort particles against fluid flows is demonstrated numerically and experimentally.
Misplacements of Enteral Feeding Tubes Increase After Hospitals Switch Brands.

The Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System is a confidential, statewide Internet reporting system to which all Pennsylvania hospitals, outpatient-surgery facilities, birthing centers, and abortion facilities must file information on incidents and serious events. Safety Monitor is a column from Pennsylvania's Patient Safety Authority, the authority that informs nurses on issues that can affect patient safety and presents strategies they can easily integrate into practice. For more information on the authority, visit www.patientsafetyauthority. org. For the original article discussed in this column or for other articles on patient safety, click on "Patient Safety Advisories" and then "Advisory Library" in the left-hand navigation menu.
Vancomycin dosage requirements among pediatric intensive care unit patients with normal renal function.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine a vancomycin dosage regimen among pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients with normal renal function resulting in desired peak and trough serum concentration and to determine the predictability of vancomycin peak concentrations based on reported trough concentrations. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records of all PICU patients who received vancomycin over a 12-month period were identified through a hospital computer search and were obtained from the hospital's Department of Medical Records. Demographic and laboratory data as well as the patient's vancomycin dosing history were recorded. Patients who lacked appropriately timed vancomycin peak and trough concentrations or who exhibited renal dysfunction were excluded from the study population. The optimal vancomycin dose and the predictability of peak concentrations based on trough concentrations were assessed. RESULTS A total of 135 patients were identified as having received vancomycin therapy during their PICU hospitalization between June 1997 and June 1998. Fifty-nine patients were excluded due to renal dysfunction or inappropriate vancomycin concentrations resulting in 76 patients representing our study population. The initial mean dose of vancomycin was 47 mg/kg/day resulting in a mean peak and trough serum concentration of 19 and 6 microg/mL, respectively. A mean of 2.2 (range, 1 to 5) and 2.1 (range, 1 to 5) peak and trough serum concentrations were reported for each patient, respectively. A mean of 1.1 (range, 0 to 4) dosing changes per patient was noted resulting in a final mean dose of 60 mg/kg/day corresponding to a mean peak and trough serum concentration of 26 and 8 microg/mL, respectively. A vancomycin trough concentration >5 microg/mL was highly predictive for a corresponding peak concentration >20 microg/mL (P > .0001). Eighty percent of the trough concentrations <5 microg/mL were associated with peak concentrations <20 microg/mL, whereas 81% of trough concentrations >5 microg/mL were associated with corresponding peak concentrations >20 microg/mL. CONCLUSIONS PICU patients required higher doses of vancomycin than are typically prescribed to achieve conventionally accepted peak and trough vancomycin serum concentrations. In the absence of renal impairment, we recommend an initial dosage regimen of 60 mg/kg/day divided every 8 hours. Vancomycin trough concentrations are highly predictive of corresponding peak concentrations and therefore may negate the need to obtain routine peak concentrations.
Auditory pathways of caudal telencephalon and their relation to the song system of adult male zebra finches (Taenopygia guttata)

Auditory information is critical for vocal imitation and other elements of social life in songbirds. In zebra finches, neural centers that are necessary for the acquisition and production of learned vocalizations are known, and they all respond to acoustic stimulation. However, the circuits by which conspecific auditory signals are perceived, processed, and stored in long‐term memory have not been well documented. In particular, no evidence exists of direct connections between auditory and vocal motor pathways, and two newly identified centers for auditory processing, caudomedial neostriatum (Ncm) and caudomedial hyperstriatum ventrale (cmHV), have no documented place among known auditory circuits. Our goal was to describe anatomically the auditory pathways in adult zebra finch males and, specifically, to show the projections by which Ncm and vocal motor centers may receive auditory input. By using injections of different kinds of neuroanatomical tracers (biotinylated dextran amines, rhodamine‐linked dextran amines, biocytin, fluorogold, and rhodamine‐linked latex beads), we have shown that, as in other avian groups, the neostriatal field L complex in caudal telencephalon is the primary forebrain relay for pathways originating in the auditory thalamus, i.e., the nucleus ovoidalis complex (Ov). In addition, Ncm and cmHV also receive input from the Ov complex. Ov has been broken down into two parts, the Ov “core” and “shell,” which project in parallel to different targets in the caudal telencephalon. Parts of the field L complex are connected among themselves and to Ncm, cmHV, and caudolateral HV (cIHV) through a complex web of largely reciprocal pathways. In addition, cIHV and parts of the field L complex project strongly to the “shelf” of neostriatum underneath the song control nucleus high vocal center (HVC) and to the “cup” of archistriatum rostrodorsal to another song‐control nucleus, the robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA). We have documented two points at which the vocal motor pathway may pick up auditory signals: the HVC‐shelf interface and a projection from cIHV to the nucleus interfacialis (NIf), which projects to HVC. These data represent the most complete survey to date of auditory pathways in the adult male zebra finch brain, and of their projections to motor stations of the song system. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.