Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of dietary probiotics and humic acid on meat quality of Japanese quail including sex-related differences and economical background

The effects of humic substances (HS) on the quality traits (colour, water-holding capacity, and pH), serum minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chlorides) and on the serum metabolites (glucose, total protein, triglycerides and cholesterols) of breast and thigh meats of Japanese quails were studied. A total of 60 birds (30 males and 30 females) were involved in the experiment. The animals were fed by the standard basal diet and divided to the 6 groups as follows: probiotic females (PF, n = 10) and probiotic males (PM, n = 10) received probiotic preparation in the single dose of 1 g/1 kg of feed mixture, humic acids females (HF, n = 10) and humic acid males (HM, n = 10) received humic acids in the single dose 3 g/1 kg of feed mixture. The group fed basal diet without any additive served as the control group (CF; n = 10, CM, n = 10). After 210 days the animals were slaughtered, blood samples and samples of muscles (breast and thigh) were collected. Probiotic and humic acids treatment resulted in the significant increase of serum calcium levels in the female groups against the male groups. The content of serum phosphorus significantly increased in the PF group in comparison to the PM group. In this study both treatments (probiotics and humic acids) significantly decreased amount of HDL cholesterol in the female groups in comparison to the female control. Significant sex-based differences were observed for HDL cholesterol (CF, PF, HF vs. CM, PM, HM) and LDL cholesterol (HM vs. HF). 24 h after slaughter meat pH showed significant differences in different muscles. Other investigated parameters of Japanese quails were not influenced by the treatment. We can conclude, that the effect of probiotics and humic acids treatment seems to be dose dependent and estimation of effective dose of additives used in poultry feeding play an important role. Further studies are needed.
Effect of voice rehabilitation training on the patients with laryngeal cancer after radiotherapy

Abstract This retrospective study examined the effect of voice rehabilitation training (VRT) for patients with laryngeal cancer (LC) after radiotherapy. Eighty-three eligible patients with LC were included. Forty-three patients were assigned to a treatment group, and underwent VRT, while the other 40 subjects were assigned to a control group, and were at waiting list. Primary outcome was measured by the Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, and Strain (GRBAS) scale. Secondary outcome was measured by Patient Perception Measures. All outcomes were measured before and 3 months after VRT intervention. Patients in the treatment group did not show better outcomes, measured by GRBAS scale (Grade, P = .78; Roughness, P = .61; Breathiness, P = .83; Ashenia, P = .89; and Strain, P = .41), and Patient Perception Measures (Vocal quality, P = .17; Acceptability, P = .35; Hoarseness, P = .23; Vocal fatigue, P = .39; and Ashamed, P = .51), compared with patients in the control group. The results of this study did not exert better outcomes in patients received VRT than those at waiting list.
New Approaches for Supervision of Systems with Sliding Wear: Fundamental Problems and Experimental Results Using Different Approaches

Reliability and availability of technically complex and safety-critical systems are of increasing importance. Besides the degree of wear, the quality of mechanical systems is significant for the system reliability. The focus of this contribution is the development and application of readily applicable and easily interpretable algorithms for industrial data obtained from technical systems during operation. The methods are within the focus of the production-oriented automation programs (Industrial Internet, Automation 4.0, China 2025). In this contribution as example a hydraulically driven machine in which parts slide over each other is chosen as sliding wear example. Monitoring is applied to distinguish normal and abnormal operation as well as to define end of useful lifetime. In this contribution four different methods will be introduced and experimentally compared without the availability of objective information about the wear state. The approaches differ with respect to the used measurements and data preparation. As measurements Acoustic Emission and the hydraulic pressure of the driving machine are used. For processing the accumulation of damage related values, a machine learning algorithm, and a sensitivity matrix are used. For comparison the experimental validation is based on identical data sets. Different operational states of the system denoted as actual system state are defined and classified. The comparison shows that the four introduced methods provide similar classification results although the underlying measurements are based on different physical principles. The newly introduced approaches allow online evaluation of the actual system state and can serve within improved maintenance strategies.
Speech-Language Pathology 2-2014 Adaptive Behaviors in Toddlers Under Two With Autism Spectrum Disorders

The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale was administered to 54 children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) before age 2, and a matching group of 18 toddlers with developmental delay (DD). The group with ASD was more impaired on all scales of the Vineland than DD peers. When 18 ASD/DD pairs very closely matched on age, verbal and nonverbal development were selected, differences were found only on Vineland Receptive Communication and Daily Living. Correlation analyses to explore connection of these areas of difference with cognition and autistic symptoms suggested that Vineland Daily Living scores were significantly correlated with nonverbal ability and with ADOS total algorithm scores. Vineland Receptive Communication scores correlated significantly only with ADOS total algorithms. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Outcomes of patients with autosomal‐dominant polycystic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis: A meta‐analysis

Complications related to peritoneal dialysis (PD) in patients with autosomal‐dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), including intraperitoneal rupture of renal cyst, hernia, membrane failure and peritonitis, have been reported. However, long‐term clinical outcomes of ADPKD patients on PD remain unclear. We performed this meta‐analysis to assess the risks of death, technique failure and peritonitis in ADPKD patients on PD.
Computers in Industry

The creation of cyber-physical systems posed new challenges for people. Ensuring the information security of cyber-physical systems is one of the most complex problems in a wide range of defenses against cyber-attacks. The aim of this paper is to analyse and classify existing research papers on the security of cyber-physical systems. Philosophical issues of cyber-physical systems are raised. Their in ﬂ uence on the aspects of people's lives is investigated. The principle of cyber-physical system operation is described. The main di ﬃ culties and solutions in the estimation of the consequences of cyber-attacks, attacks modeling and detection and the development of security architecture are noted. The main types of attacks and threats against cyber-physical systems are analysed. A tree of attacks on cyber-physical systems is proposed. The future research directions are shown.
Classifying tumors by supervised network propagation

Motivation Network propagation has been widely used to aggregate and amplify the effects of tumor mutations using knowledge of molecular interaction networks. However, propagating mutations through interactions irrelevant to cancer leads to erosion of pathway signals and complicates the identification of cancer subtypes. Results To address this problem we introduce a propagation algorithm, Network‐Based Supervised Stratification (NBS2), which learns the mutated subnetworks underlying tumor subtypes using a supervised approach. Given an annotated molecular network and reference tumor mutation profiles for which subtypes have been predefined, NBS2 is trained by adjusting the weights on interaction features such that network propagation best recovers the provided subtypes. After training, weights are fixed such that mutation profiles of new tumors can be accurately classified. We evaluate NBS2 on breast and glioblastoma tumors, demonstrating that it outperforms the best network‐based approaches in classifying tumors to known subtypes for these diseases. By interpreting the interaction weights, we highlight characteristic molecular pathways driving selected subtypes. Availability and implementation The NBS2 package is freely available at: https://github.com/wzhang1984/NBSS.
An evolutionary model motivated by physicochemical properties of amino acids reveals variation among proteins

Motivation The relative rates of amino acid interchanges over evolutionary time are likely to vary among proteins. Variation in those rates has the potential to reveal information about constraints on proteins. However, the most straightforward model that could be used to estimate relative rates of amino acid substitution is parameter‐rich and it is therefore impractical to use for this purpose. Results A six‐parameter model of amino acid substitution that incorporates information about the physicochemical properties of amino acids was developed. It showed that amino acid side chain volume, polarity and aromaticity have major impacts on protein evolution. It also revealed variation among proteins in the relative importance of those properties. The same general approach can be used to improve the fit of empirical models such as the commonly used PAM and LG models. Availability and implementation Perl code and test data are available from https://github.com/ebraun68/sixparam.
ONLINE OPTIMAL TASK OFFLOADING WITH ONE-BIT FEEDBACK

Task offloading is an emerging technology in fog-enabled networks. It allows users to transmit tasks to neighbor fog nodes so as to utilize the computing resources of the networks. In this paper, we investigate a stochastic task offloading model and propose a multi-armed bandit framework to formulate this model. We consider the fact that different helper nodes prefer different kinds of tasks. Further, we assume each helper node just feeds back one-bit information to the task node to indicate the level of happiness. The key challenge of this problem lies in the exploration-exploitation tradeoff. We thus implement a UCB-type algorithm to maximize the long-term happiness metric. Numerical simulations are given in the end of the paper to corroborate our strategy.
Neuroendocrine Tumor Therapy: 177Lu-DOTATATE.

OBJECTIVE The purposes of this article are to increase understanding of the concepts of theranostics and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) as they apply to neuroendocrine tumors (NETs); review the key 1, 2, and 3 clinical trial data leading to the approval of 177Lu-tetraazacyclododecanetetraacetic acid-octreotide (177Lu-DOTATATE); and foster understanding of the practical aspects and future directions of PRRT for NETs. CONCLUSION In January 2018, 177Lu-DOTATATE therapy was approved in the United States (previously approved in Europe in September 2017) for adult patients with somatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, including those of the foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The results of the phase 3 Neuroendocrine Tumors Therapy (NETTER-1) trial show favorable outcomes with respect to the primary endpoint of progression-free survival and a host of secondary objectives, including overall survival, objective response rate, and quality of life measures. Patient selection is based on a number of specific factors and should be sequenced carefully with respect to other available therapies, ideally in multidisciplinary cancer conferences. Establishing the therapy at a new institution can be somewhat involved, but once it is established, the therapy is fairly straightforward to administer and is well tolerated with limited side-effects and toxicity. A number of approaches and issues are still to be worked out, and this therapy will continue to be studied and optimized.
DeepObfuscation: Securing the Structure of Convolutional Neural Networks via Knowledge Distillation

This paper investigates the piracy problem of deep learning models. Designing and training a well-performing model is generally expensive. However, when releasing them, attackers may reverse engineer the models and pirate their design. This paper, therefore, proposes deep learning obfuscation, aiming at obstructing attackers from pirating a deep learning model. In particular, we focus on obfuscating convolutional neural networks (CNN), a widely employed type of deep learning architectures for image recognition. Our approach obfuscates a CNN model eventually by simulating its feature extractor with a shallow and sequential convolutional block. To this end, we employ a recursive simulation method and a joint training method to train the simulation network. The joint training method leverages both the intermediate knowledge generated by a feature extractor and data labels to train a simulation network. In this way, we can obtain an obfuscated model without accuracy loss. We have verified the feasibility of our approach with three prevalent CNNs, i.e., GoogLeNet, ResNet, and DenseNet. Although these networks are very deep with tens or hundreds of layers, we can simulate them in a shallow network including only five or seven convolutional layers. The obfuscated models are even more efficient than the original models. Our obfuscation approach is very effective to protect the critical structure of a deep learning model from being exposed to attackers. Moreover, it can also thwart attackers from pirating the model with transfer learning or incremental learning techniques because the shallow simulation network bears poor learning ability. To our best knowledge, this paper serves as a first attempt to obfuscate deep learning models, which may shed light on more future studies.
An in vitro system using human neurons demonstrates that varicella-zoster vaccine virus is impaired for reactivation , but not latency Running title : VZV vaccine is impaired for reactivation

Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 Current address: Division of Clinical Virology, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0014, Japan MRC Centre for Medical Molecular Virology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower ST, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom Division of Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Diseases, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 6-113, Baltimore, MD 21287
The development of the five mini-theories of self-determination theory: an historical overview, emerging trends, and future directions

Cognitive evaluation theory (CET; Deci, 1975), SDT's first mini-theory, was built from research on the dynamic interplay between external events (e.g., rewards, choice) and people's task interest or enjoyment – that is, intrinsic motivation (IM). At the time, this research was quite controversial, as operant theory (Skinner, 1971) had dominated the psychological landscape. The central assumption of operant theory was that reinforcement contingencies in the environment control behavior, which precluded the existence of inherently satisfying activities performed for non-separable outcomes. During this time, Deci proposed that people – by nature – possess intrinsic motivation (IM), which can manifest as engagement in curiosity-based behaviors, discovery of new perspectives, and seeking out optimal challenges (see also Harlow, 1953; White, 1959). IM thus represents a manifestation of the organismic growth tendency and is readily observed in infants' and toddlers' exploratory behavior and play. Operationally, an intrinsically motivated activity is performed for its own sake – that is, the behavior is experienced as inherently satisfying. From an attributional perspective (deCharms, 1968), such behaviors have an internal perceived locus of causality, as people perceive their behavior as emanating from their sense of self, rather than from experiences of control or coercion.
Matrix abnormalities in pulmonary fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating, progressive disease, marked by excessive scarring, which leads to increased tissue stiffness, loss in lung function and ultimately death. IPF is characterised by progressive fibroblast and myofibroblast proliferation, and extensive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Myofibroblasts play a key role in ECM deposition. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is a major growth factor involved in myofibroblast differentiation, and the creation of a profibrotic microenvironment. There is a strong link between increased ECM stiffness and profibrotic changes in cell phenotype and differentiation. The activation of TGF-β1 in response to mechanical stress from a stiff ECM explains some of the influence of the tissue microenvironment on cell phenotype and function. Understanding the close relationship between cells and their surrounding microenvironment will ultimately facilitate better management strategies for IPF. Cellular changes cause matrix aberrations that further drive cellular changes; this sustains and progresses fibrosis http://ow.ly/TpHq30kgEUX
Public health policy in a time of change and disaster in South Africa: 1910–1920

With the establishment of the Union of South Africa in 1910, the central focus of the newly appointed government was to alter and consolidate the policies of the pre-Union colonies that differed materially in many respects and to substitute them with uniform policies that had to be implemented as a consolidated whole for the Union. This central focus was applied to a number of policies, notably those for the black people, immigration, education, labour, national defence and the development and implementation of railway, mining and agricultural policies. However, an omission occurred with regard to the consideration of a comprehensive public health policy by the political parties and the Union Parliament, consisting of white people only. This article examines this omission during the first 10 years of the Union of South Africa (1910–1920), during the three 5-yearly general elections (on 15 September 1910, 20 October 1915 and 10 March 1920), and argues that this lack of consideration of a comprehensive public health policy can be found in the theory of party political responsible government during unification, which was further developed by Kavanagh, that party political manifestos act as the guiding force behind the policy matters that are discussed and decided upon in Parliament. The article confirms that the reason for not establishing a comprehensive public health policy prior to the outbreak of the influenza epidemic in 1918 was the incidental and piecemeal fashion in which expressions on public health appeared in the published party political manifestos, which in turn influenced the proceedings of Parliament. This political negligence was, however, quickly overturned by Parliament immediately after the epidemic, showing the influence of this demographic disaster on political thinking and action.
Vibration therapy in patients with cerebral palsy: a systematic review

The neurological disorder cerebral palsy (CP) is caused by unprogressive lesions of the immature brain and affects movement, posture, and the musculoskeletal system. Vibration therapy (VT) is increasingly used to reduce the signs and symptoms associated with this developmental disability. The purpose of this narrative review was systematically to appraise published research regarding acute and long-term effects of VT on functional, neuromuscular, and structural parameters. Systematic searches of three electronic databases identified 28 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Studies were analyzed to determine participant characteristics, VT-treatment protocols, effect on gross motor function (GMF), strength, gait, posture, mobility, spasticity, reflex excitability, muscle tone, mass, and bone strength within this population, and outcome measures used to evaluate effects. The results revealed that one acute session of VT reduces reflex excitability, spasticity, and coordination deficits. Subsequently, VT has a positive effect on the ability to move, manifested for GMF, strength, gait, and mobility in patients with CP. Effects persist up to 30 minutes after VT. Long-term effects of VT manifest as reduced muscle tone and spasticity occurring concomitantly with improved movement ability in regard to GMF, strength, gait, and mobility, as well as increased muscle mass and bone-mineral density. Posture control remained unaffected by VT. In conclusion, the acute and chronic application of VT as a nonpharmacological approach has the potential to ameliorate CP symptoms, achieving functional and structural adaptations associated with significant improvements in daily living. Even though further studies including adult populations validating the neuromuscular mechanisms underlying the aforementioned adaptations should be fostered, growing scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of VT in regard to supplementing conventional treatments (physiotherapy and drugs). Therefore, VT could reduce CP-associated physical disability and sensorimotor handicaps. Goals for patients and their caregivers referring to greater independence and improved safety may be achieved more easily and time efficiently.
Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis of Environmentally and Developmentally Regulated Gene Expression in Alfalfa

Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a highly sensitive technique that has become the standard for the analysis of differences in gene expression in response to experimental treatments or among genetic sources. The accuracy of the RT-qPCR results can be significantly affected by uncontrolled sources of variation that can be accounted for normalization with so-called reference genes stably expressed under various conditions. In this study we assessed the stability of 21 reference gene candidates in crowns of two alfalfa cultivars (Apica and Evolution) exposed to various environmental conditions (cold, water stress and photoperiod) and from above ground biomass of the cultivar Orca sampled at three developmental stages (vegetative, full bloom and mature pods). Candidates were selected based on their previous identification in other plant species or their stable expression in a differential hybridization of alfalfa ESTs with cDNA from non-acclimated and cold-acclimated alfalfa. Genes encoding ubiquitin protein ligase 2a (UBL-2a), actin depolymerizing factor (ADF) and retention in endoplasmic reticulum 1 protein (Rer1) were the most stable across experimental conditions. Conversely β-actin (Act), α-tubulin (Tub) and glyce-raldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) frequently used as “housekeeping genes” in gene expression studies showed poor stability. No more than two reference genes were required to normalize the gene expression data under each condition. Normalization of the expression of genes of interest with unstable reference genes led to observations that were conflicting with those made with validated reference genes and that were in some cases inconsistent with the current knowledge of the trait. The reference genes identified in this study are strong candidates for normalization of gene expression in cultivated alfalfa.