Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Dietary Ascorbic Acid on Blood Haematological Profile, Serum Biochemical Components and Tonic Immobility Reaction of Male Turkeys under Summer Condition

This experiment was performed to determine the effects of dietary ascorbic acid (ASA) supplementation on blood components, leukocyte and tonic immobility of male turkeys under summer conditions. A total of 120 one-day-old male turkeys were fed with three different diets. The experimental diets were: control without ASA (ASA-0), 150mg of ASA/kg (ASA-150) and 300mg of ASA/kg (ASA-300) of diet. The turkeys received the experimental diets for 18 weeks. Diets in mash form and water were provided ad libitum. In the ASA-150 and ASA-300 groups, the eosinophile and basophile ratios were higher than those of the ASA-0 group at 12 weeks of age (P 0.05). Both dietary ASA levels caused a quadratic decrease in serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (P 0.05). As a conclusion, blood haematological profile, serum biochemical components and tonic immobility of turkeys were not significantly affected by dietary ASA levels at chronic high summer temperatures in general, and, therefore, there is no need for ASA supplementation in turkeys' diets under summer temperatures that do not exceed 31.7°C.
Experimental Analysis of the Impact of Foxes on Freshwater Turtle Populations

Abstract: Common demographic parameters such as survival and fecundity are regularly estimated in freshwater turtles, but large‐scale manipulative and comparative experiments are rare. The resilience of a population to stage‐specific predation is dependent on density‐dependent inversity or compensation. Some species are also more susceptible to predation because of their life‐history strategies. Nest predation by introduced red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes) on Australian freshwater turtles is a major source of mortality, but its full impact has yet to be evaluated. Freshwater turtles are long lived, and a population decline resulting from nest predation by foxes may take a long time to become evident. We evaluated the impact of foxes on the population growth and patterns of survival of two widely distributed Australian freshwater turtles in the Murray River, where nest predation rates have previously been reported at above 95%. We estimated densities and survivorship of Emydura macquarii and Chelodina expansa from the nest to adult stage. We then conducted a fox removal program (before‐after control‐impact design) to determine the impact of foxes on populations of these species. We found a contrast in life‐history strategies between the two sympatric species. C. expansa was five times less abundant than E. macquarii. A type III survivorship curve described the life history of E. macquarii because nest predation and adult survival rates were >0.9. Densities of C. expansa nests were low and situated away from shore. Consequently, nest predation rates were half those of E. macquarii. Projection matrices predicted that E. macquarii populations may be declining slowly but are likely to respond to changes in adult survival, which has the greatest elasticity value. Foxes destroyed a proportion of nesting adult females each year; however, there appears to be no density‐dependent compensation in adult survival, and foxes potentially regulate these populations. E. macquarii populations had low productivity and relied on a standing crop of turtles for population maintenance, whereas C. expansa had relatively more juveniles in the population and was less reliant on adult survival. Despite its vulnerable status, C. expansa is relatively more stable than E. macquarii, primarily because there were proportionally more juveniles in the population. Management options focusing on reducing adult mortality in both species will be most effective.
Aberrant Localization of β-Catenin Correlates with Overexpression of Its Target Gene in Human Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Alterations of the Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway are known to occur in mutations of the component genes such as APC, Axin, and -catenin, and play a pathogenetic role in tumorigenesis. Activated Wnt signaling stabilizes -catenin, which associates with T cell factor, resulting in transactivation of the downstream target genes including c-myc and cyclin D1. To investigate the involvement of Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway in thyroid tumorigenesis, we analyzed its activation and localization in 5 human thyroid cancer cell lines and 132 thyroid tumor tissue samples. Dislocalization of-catenin was observed in all cell lines. Constitutive activation of T cell factor in two of four thyroid cancer cell lines was observed using reporter gene assay. Furthermore, high expression levels of c-Myc and cyclin D1 were observed in cell lines that showed cytoplasmic or nuclear accumulation of -catenin. In 132 paraffin-embedded thyroid carcinoma tissue samples, cytoplasmic -catenin was immunohistochemically observed in 52 out of 78 (67%) papillary thyroid cancers, but only in 3 of 34 (9%) follicular adenomas and 5 of 20 (25%) follicular cancers. Cytoplasmic localization of -catenin significantly correlated with overexpression of cyclin D1 in papillary carcinomas. Our results suggest that aberrant activation of Wnt/-catenin signaling is strongly involved in thyroid tumorigenesis. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87: 3433–3440, 2002)
HALOGENATION IN THE RHODOPHYTA 1, 2 A REVIEW

The halogens—chlorine, bromine and iodine—play an important, role in the biochemical processes of marine red algae. Recent studies show that various species from at least 5 orders of the Rhodophyta possess the unique ability to synthesize organic halogen‐containing compounds which are derived from seawater components. A variety of substances have been reported, with various structures from simple aliphatic halo‐ketones and brominated phenols to more sophisticated mono‐, sesqui‐ and diterpenes. While the biological functions of these compounds are not clearly understood, they appear to provide environmental advantage, probably involving predator avoidance responses and microflora antibiosis.
Phonological Complexity and Word Duration in Immediate Recall: Different Paradigms Answer Different Questions. A Comment on Cowan, Nugent, Elliott, and Geer

Cowan, Nugent, Elliott, and Geer (this issue) respond to an article (Service, 1998) in which I reported three experiments on Finnish-sounding pseudowords that explored separately the effect of word length, measured as number of transitions from one phoneme to another, and word duration. The two types of word length were manipulated by either adding phonemes to disyllabic pseudowords or lengthening them by reduplicating vowels or consonants (a phonological operation that affects phoneme length and serves to separate word meanings in Finnish). The results suggested that adding phonemes resulted in very robust word-length effects, whereas adding just duration produced no effect or a marginal effect. Cowan and his colleagues have in two sets of experiments (Cowan, Nugent, Elliott, & Geer, this issue; Cowan, Wood, Nugent, & Treisman, 1997) reported data from another new paradigm designed to study wordlength effects and avoiding confounds with various known and unknown lexical factors that may have affected earlier studies. In these experiments words were used as their own controls, and participants were trained to pronounce them quickly or slowly at both encoding and recall. I originally suggested some possible weaknesses with the ®rst set of experiments that used backward recall. Cowan et al. have now addressed these criticisms with new data. The new experiment employs forward rather than backward recall. The main differences compared to the results obtained with backward recall are that the duration effect is now larger, especially in the condition with uniform one-syllable shortduration item lists. The effect is also distributed over the whole list and is especially strong in early serial positions. In backward recall the effect was smaller and limited to the items recalled last (but presented ®rst), and I suggested that it could result from output factors. Cowan et al. conclude that they have now produced evidence that proves the THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, 2000, 53A (3), 661±665
Water relations of the banana. I, Predicting the water relations of the field-grown banana using the exuding latex

The free exudation of latex from wounded banana plants renders conventional methods for studying water potential impracticable or suspect. Accordingly, several methods have been devised to provide supportive semi-quantitative data on water relations including measurements of leaf angle, tissue turgor and pseudostem girth throughout many diurnal cycles. Latex exudation itself has been exploited in a new technique for investigating the internal water relations of the banana. The laticifers behave like giant unbranched cells embedded deeply within the tissues of the plant. On wounding, the milky sap escapes at a rate which decreased exponentially. We argue that, as a consequence of pressure-release, the latex is diluted by water influx until equilibrium is reached with the rest of the plant. Hence at equilibrium, the osmotic potential of this diluted latex equals the water potential of the tissues; thus the final osmotic potential can be used to monitor water potential changes of banana tissues. In this study, the water potential of well-watered plants was found to cycle diurnally within the remarkably narrow range of 0 to -0.35 MPa (0 to -3.5 bar). Turgor pressures of intact laticifers were computed from our data, which also exhibit the diurnal fluctuations predictable from our supportive data and reports for other species.
Controlling outsourced service delivery: managing service quality in business service triads

Organisations are increasingly sourcing services that become part of their value proposition to their (business) customers from external providers. Often, these services are directly delivered by the service provider to the customer. The buying organisation, service provider and customer operate in a triadic service relationship. In these triads, the buying organisation lacks direct control over service delivery and thus completely depends on the service provider for a high-quality performance towards its customers. The question is, therefore, how to ensure that service is delivered in the way the buying organisation wants it to be delivered. This research uses a case-based approach to build propositions on how buying organisations can control service delivery in service triads. The buying organisation is able to control service delivery in service triads by exerting control in other phases than the service delivery phase.
Effect of thermal treatment on phenolic compounds and functionality linked to type 2 diabetes and hypertension management of Peruvian and Brazilian bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using in vitro methods.

The effect of thermal treatment on phenolic compounds and type 2 diabetes functionality linked to α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition and hypertension relevant angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition were investigated in selected bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars from Peru and Brazil using in vitro models. Thermal processing by autoclaving decreased the total phenolic content in all cultivars, whereas the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity-linked antioxidant activity increased among Peruvian cultivars. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were reduced significantly after heat treatment (73–94% and 8–52%, respectively), whereas ACE inhibitory activity was enhanced (9–15%). Specific phenolic acids such as chlorogenic and caffeic acid increased moderately following thermal treatment (2–16% and 5–35%, respectively). No correlation was found between phenolic contents and functionality associated to antidiabetes and antihypertension potential, indicating that nonphenolic compounds may be involved. Thermally processed bean cultivars are interesting sources of phenolic acids linked to high antioxidant activity and show potential for hypertension prevention. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) represent an important protein source in countries such as Brazil and Peru. Beyond the protein value, insights from this study using in vitro models indicate that thermally processed bean cultivars have potential for hypertension management and associated vascular complications linked to cellular oxidation stress. These results provide a strategy for the selection and genetic improvement of bean cultivars for better design of whole food systems to manage chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular diseases. Also, this research provides the biochemical rationale for further animal and clinical studies.
Introduction

This map and the accompanying dataset (asbestos_sites.xls) provide information for 331 natural asbestos occurrences of many sizes in the Eastern United States (U.S.), using descriptions found in the geologic literature. These asbestos occurrences range in size from small veins to large ore bodies once mined for commercial and industrial uses. Data on location, mineralogy, geology, and relevant literature for each asbestos site are provided in the aforementioned digital file. Using the map and digital data in this report, the user can examine the distribution of previously reported asbestos occurrences and their characteristics in the Eastern U.S. This report is intended to provide State and local government agencies and other stakeholders with geologic information on natural occurrences of asbestos. The file asbestos_sites. xls was compiled through a systematic State-by-State search of the geologic literature. An asbestos site was included only when the literature source specifically mentioned asbestos and (or) described the commonly regulated asbestos minerals as occurring in the asbestiform crystal morphology. No attempt was made to interpret the presence of asbestos from the context of the geology-mineralogy description if asbestos was not explicitly described. The user should refer to the references cited with each asbestos site entry for descriptions of these occurrences. Note that these site descriptions apply to the time of that report's publication. No field verification of the sites was performed, nor were evaluations of potential exposure made at these sites. Many of the sites are likely to have been subsequently modified by human activities since their description, sometimes substantially. For example, since the time that the source literature was published there may have been remediation of the site or it may have been either exposed or covered by more recent development. Although this asbestos dataset represents a thorough study of the published literature, it can not be construed as a complete list. The dataset includes the largest known asbestos deposits of this region.
Mixed forward and inverse solutions in movement biomechanics

There are many more muscles crossing any given joint than there are degrees of freedom prescribing joint movement. One consequence of this arrangement is that muscle forces cannot be determined uniquely. This is the indeterminate problem in biomechanics, and virtually all attempts to solve it are based on either the inverse- or the forward-dynamics method in mechanics. The inverse method uses measurements of body motions and external forces to determine the net muscle torques acting about each joint. The forward approach uses net muscle torques (or muscle forces) as inputs to the model equations to calculate the corresponding body motions. Although both methods have their strong points, there are instances when neither is suitable if applied alone. One possibility is to combine the two methods, thereby exploiting the advantages of each. An example is given in which forward dynamics is used to calculate muscle forces in normal walking, and knee-ligament forces are then found by applying the inverse approach.
A Neuropsychological Approach Using the EXAMINER

11 Executive functions (EF) encompass a variety of higher-order capacities such as judgment, planning, decision-making, 12 response monitoring, insight, and self-regulation. Measuring such abilities quantitatively and establishing their neural 13 correlates has proven to be challenging. Here, using a lesion-deficit approach, we report the neural correlates of a variety 14 of EF tests that were developed under the auspices of the NINDS-supported EXAMINER project (Kramer, 2011; 15 www.examiner.ucsf.edu). We administered a diverse set of EF tasks that tap three general domains—cognitive, social/ 16 emotional, and insight—to 37 patients with focal lesions to the frontal lobes, and 25 patients with lesions outside the 17 frontal lobes. Using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM), we found that damage to the ventromedial prefrontal 18 cortex (vmPFC) was predominately associated with deficits in social/emotional aspects of EF, while damage to 19 dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and anterior cingulate was predominately associated with deficits in cognitive 20 aspects of EF. Evidence for an important role of some non-frontal regions (e.g., the temporal poles) in some aspects of 21 EF was also found. The results provide further evidence for the neural basis of EF, and extend previous findings of the 22 dissociation between the roles of the ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal sectors in organizing, implementing, and 23 monitoring goal-directed behavior. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–12) 24
A New Discourse about Moving Photography as a Static Visual Narration

Entering the digital age, photography has developed very rapidly. One of which underwent major change was its form. The digital age offers a new form that is detached of the material aspects. Photography is no longer a physical object but an image as a data code that can be represented in various forms both printed or non-printed. The loss of physical form presents new possibilities in photography, for example, more easily manipulated, reproduced, and transmitted. Another thing is that non-physical photography allows loading several frames in one image. A new problem arises, which is blurring the boundaries between photography and cinema. This paper,through literature studies tries to explore the extent to which photographic works have developed today so as to look like cinema, and look for new boundaries between photography and cinema. So far, photographic works that have active motion elements (changing frame) are cinemagraph and boomerang. Both of them look like cinema, but using visual narrative categorization, it can be clearly traced that they are included in the photography category which is has static visual narrative characteristics. This paper finally coined the new term moving photography to distinguish it from conventional photography which had already existed and is even still common today.
A WORD FROM THE EDITORS

My own answer to this “existential” question was obviously positive since you are reading the preface – hopefully with interest. The main motive behind the decision is that for universities a subject such as “converging competences for democratic society” is not usually one found near the top of their list of missions, not to mention their day-to-day practice. For obvious reasons, universities, which I see as “small, autonomous societies” with their own priorities and internal rules, are faced with more and more challenges. The economic dimension of their existence, related to study programmes, teaching methods, learning environment, quality assurance, student numbers, research results leading to prestige in the scientific community and other urgent issues facing them, leaves little room for reflection in the academic community and the university leadership about values they take for granted, such as democracy, citizenship and intercultural dialogue. Therefore, I thought that if this book is meant to become known and to appeal to people from universities, my brief preface should contribute to stimulating their curiosity to read it.
Visualizing Emptiness

ABSTRACT How can one create more by showing less? That is the central question in this article. Through a visual approach, we will look at emptiness as a generator of standing, exclusiveness, luxury sign value. One of the guiding cultural mechanisms of creating exclusiveness is the use of horror vacui, the fear of the empty. Using both psychological theory and civilization theory, the article connects the concept of emptiness and horror vacui to the creation of exclusiveness, of luxury. This theoretical argumentation is then confronted with a visual research on the use of emptiness in show windows. It shows that luxury boutiques or shops selling predominantly luxury products use emptiness in their shop windows in order to create a luxurious and exclusive atmosphere.
Foreign Investment in Tourism: The Case of Macao as a Small Tourism Economy

Abstract Using a modified international economics model, this paper first illustrates theoretically how side effects – economic, social and, particularly, political – caused by foreign investment in tourism can reduce the true benefits for host communities in the case of small tourism economies. The case study of Macao gives empirical evidence of the existence of side effects, thus contributing to the validity of the theory to a certain extent. It is argued that policy makers in small tourism economies should conduct foreign investment policies upon carefully assessing the impacts and in a broader socio-political framework.
Survivorship and fecundity of the radiate and non‐radiate morphs of Groundsel, Senecio vulgaris L., raised in pure stand and mixture

British populations of Senecio vulgaris frequently contain two common capitulum morphs (radiate and non‐radiate) and one rare intermediate morph. The radiate morph shows a higher maternal rate of intermorph outcrossing than the non‐radiate morph and due to the ‘cost of outcrossing’ should decline in frequency, ultimately to be lost from a population. To determine whether the radiate morph exhibits some inherent advantage in fitness to offset the ‘cost of outcrossing’, a comparison was made of the survivorship and fecundity of the radiate and non‐radiate morphs raised in pure stands and 1 : 1 mixture at three planting dates (autumn 1983, and spring and autumn 1984). Plants in stands established in spring 1984 were harvested in late August 1984, while plants in stands established in autumn overwintered before being harvested the following summer. In spring planted stands, the two morphs exhibited equivalent survivorships, while the fecundity of the non‐radiate morph tended to be greater than the radiate morph. In autumn planted stands, survivorship and Net Reproductive Output (survivorship × fecundity) of the non‐radiate morph was greater than that of the radiate morph in mixture, and also in pure stands established in 1983. In no instance was the Net Reproductive Output of either morph significantly greater in mixture than in pure stand. Density had a contrasting effect on morph survivorship and fecundity in the spring and autumn 1984 planted stands. Whereas, in spring stands, fecundity was subject to compensating density dependent regulation while survivorship was density independent, the opposite trend was observed in autumn planted stands. It is concluded that under the conditions of the experiments, the radiate morph exhibited no fitness advantage which might offset the inherent disadvantage it suffers in natural polymorphic populations due to the ‘cost of outcrossing’.
The System of Facial Recognition in the Infrared Range

Department of Information Systems and Telecommunications, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Russia Department of Transport Construction, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia International Laboratory of Statistics of Stochastic Processes and Quantitative Finance, National Research Tomsk State University, Russia Department of Building Engineering and Urban Planning, University of Zilina, Zilina, Slovak Republic *E-mail of corresponding author: amicus.lat@yandex.ru O R I G I N A L R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E 95