Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE CHILDREN'S QUALITY OF LIFE: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

This article aimed to know the production of scientific knowledge about quality of life in children. The methodused was the integrative review. The databases consulted were SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE. In total were found 47 articlespublished from 2006 to 2016. The results showed that the years biggest issue was the 2012 and 2013 with 7 articles published eachyear, the focus area with the largest number of articles published was medicine 16 articles and as the subject noticed a predominancein issues relating to quality of life of children diseases (78%) of published articles and only 4.7% related the most social issues. Thescientific literature on the quality of life of children is still focused on the biomedical model of health and there are few scientificproductions directed to the full model in health. Therefore, it is necessary to spread the production of scientific knowledge in the child'squality of life area in the context in which she lives and not just the disease, in which old research questions are giving way to newquestions and new paradigms health.
Student Scores in Public and Private Schools: Evidence from PISA 2009

This paper examines critically the presumption that, other things equal, private schooling offers higher quality education than public schooling. We apply multilevel regression on the 2009 PISA to estimate the differential effect of public and private schooling on student scores in Australia. We control for observable and unobservable influences, at school and student levels. We find that public-private schooling quality estimated differences are not statistically significant, but Catholic schools perform better than both. Differences by sector in the level of resourcing, plays a minor role. Student socioeconomic status differences and resulting selection, drive the observed better private schooling scores outcomes.
Application of Molecular Diagnostic Techniques for the Detection of E. coli O157:H7: A Review

Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli are considering as important emerging food-born bacterial pathogens. Among these kinds of Escherichia coli, serotype O157:H7 is the cause of sporadic and epidemic human cases of hemorrhagic colitis, which can lead to severe life threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. Majority of cases are associated with ingestion of food or water contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7. This serotype is identified in 1982, and afterward the different pathogenic genes responsible for its virulence are sequenced. As the organism has been involved in many outbreaks of disease in human and animals, it is essential to develop a rapid, reliable and reproducible method of detection. In this review, different deoxyribonucleic acid based genotyping and detection methods are discussed. Genomic techniques like those that pulse field gel electrophoresis and restricted fragment length polymorphism are reviewed and Polymerase Chain Reaction variants are addressed along with some emerging technology like biosensor and microarray. The advantage and disadvantages of each described method are discussed throughout the review. Since each technique has its own merit and demerit, the decision for selection of E. coli O157:H7 detection technique will depend mainly on the balance between several factors such as the high speed, sensitivity, specificity, discrimination power, and availability of proper equipment’s and skilled man power. Thus, further research is recommended to improve molecular based detection techniques of E. coli O157:H7 in order to make the detection of this pathogen effective and specific in various regional and reference laboratory.
The Rem uneration of British Academ ics

This paper examines both pay relativities and mechanisms for pay determination within the UK academic labour market drawing upon a particularly detailed data set of 635 academics from five traditional Scottish Universities. In the existing literature, the fact that in many occupations, employees are paid according to explicitly determined wage scales is mostly ignored. W e employ salary, grade and spinal point information to incorporate the fixed framework of academic salaries into analysis. Our results outline the importance of individual productivity, measured through publication, grant receipt and teaching skill, in attracting financial reward. W e find a large penalty associated with time out of the profession and evidence for the deregulation of established pay and promotion structures. In order to identify those academics most likely to leave the profession, analysis also considers the determinants of individuals’ reservation and deserved salary. Controlling for individual characteristics we find that lecturers hold the lowest reservation salaries in relation to their current salary level. The academic profession is therefore most at risk from loosing its staff at this grade. W e find however no (self-)selection on the basis of the productivity of individuals. KEYW O RDS: Academ ic labour m arket, Salary, Salary Scales JEL CLASSIFICATION: A22, C35, J31, J44 CO NTACT: euwals@ iza.org,ward@ iza.org 1 W e wish to thank our colleagues at IZA, and the sem inar-participants at Leicester University, Essex University and ESPE 2000, Bonn, for valuable com m ents and helpful discussions.
The Italian Meta-Analysis MISA and Causal Inference on the Short-Term Effects of air Pollution

La maggior parte degli studi sugli effetti acuti dellA¢Â€Â™inquinamento atmosferico AƒÂ¨ basata sullA¢Â€Â™analisi delle serie temporali di inquinanti ed esiti sanitari. In Italia, sono stati effettuate due indagini di questo tipo, MISA1 e MISA2.Questo lavoro, prendendo come riferimento i risultati dello studio MISA2, si propone di dare una risposta a tre aspetti molto rilevanti per lA¢Â€Â™interpretazione dei risultati derivanti da analisi di questo tipo: i. su quali basi sia possibile fondare il processo di inferenza causale nellA¢Â€Â™interpretazione dellA¢Â€Â™associazione di breve periodo fra indicatori di inquinamento ambientale ed esiti sanitari, ii. in quale misura i singoli inquinanti atmosferici siano da considerarsi pericolosi per la salute umana; iii. quanto siano affidabili le stime del rischio.
Multi-condition of stability for nonlinear stochastic non-autonomous delay differential equation

A nonlinear stochastic differential equation with the order of nonlinearity higher than one, with several discrete and distributed delays and time varying coefficients is considered. It is shown that the sufficient conditions for exponential mean square stability of the linear part of the considered nonlinear equation also are sufficient conditions for stability in probability of the initial nonlinear equation. Some new sufficient condition of stability in probability for the zero solution of the considered nonlinear non-autonomous stochastic differential equation is obtained which can be considered as a multi-condition of stability because it allows to get for one considered equation at once several different complementary of each other sufficient stability conditions. The obtained results are illustrated with numerical simulations and figures.
Risk Registers in Construction in Croatia

Based on overall research results and the current situation in practice, it is clear that risk management practice in the Croatian construction industry is at quite a low level. In order to improve it, a risk register needs to be implemented in regular construction company business. The main research results on risk in construction are presented, as well as the current role of the risk register ; its form and its prevalence in the Croatian construction industry. The study is set in the context of the current Croatian approach and problems compared with the situation in the world. Suggestions are given for the development and implementation of the risk register in the Croatian construction industry, presented with model of a Risk register system.
Corporate governance, insider ownership and operating performance of Australian initial public offerings

We examine ownership structures and corporate governance attributes of 313 Australian initial public offerings (IPOs) between 1976 and 1993 and their relation with up to 5 years of post-listing operating performance, adjusted for similar (non-IPO) firms. Consistent with prior share price-based evidence, we find that the operating performance of Australian IPOs typically deteriorates over the first 4 post-listing years. Any evidence of a positive association between insider ownership and firm performance is confined to the fourth and fifth years after the IPO. Evidence of a positive relation between institutional ownership and performance is restricted to the latter part of our 5-year post-listing window. Board composition (i.e. outsider versus insider control) is not associated with operating performance, although there is some evidence that independent board leadership is associated with better operating performance. Copyright (c) 2004 Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand.
Productivity of the semi-domesticated reindeer ( Rangifer t. tarandus L.) stock and carrying capacity of pastures in Finland during 1960-1990's

Although the present day management of semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer t. tarandus L.) and its operational environment have changed from the past, knowledge of the ecological mechanisms typical of traditional herding is still important. The main objective of this study was to examine factors related to stock productivity and carrying capacity of pastures in the Finnish semidomesticated reindeer management area during 1960-1990's in order to clarify the basis of the present management strategies in Finland. In the Oraniemi district, before 1987, calf production was more affected by the snow conditions of the previous winter, than the weather conditions of the previous summer. Slaughtering mass of calves was more affected by the weather and precipitation in spring and summer than the snow conditions of the previous winter. Thick snow cover and unfrozen soil in early winter also probably affect the quality of natural winter food of reindeer by favouring the growth of certain micro fungi
Comparative analysis of enantioselective separation of novel PPAR agonists by HPLC on cellulose- and amylose-based chiral stationary phases

Chiral chromatographic resolution of a series of dual PPARα/γ agonists was performed on the commercially available Chiralcel OD and Chiralpak AD columns in normal phase mode using a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of n-hexane, 2-propanol and trifluoroacetic acid at constant volume ratio. The selected CSPs resolved most compounds as underivatized acids without requiring time consuming analysis. Both electronic features and steric hindrance affected chiral interactions between the analytes and the CSPs. Additional information on the chiral recognition mechanism was deduced from the chromatographic behaviour of some selected methyl esters.
Use of Solid Phase Extraction with Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) Cartridge as the Appropriate Option for Metribuzin Extraction from Contaminated Soils

With a view to analyze metribuzin residues in soil samples, we need to use special and suitable extraction methods with high efficiency. Five simple and rapid extraction methods (solid phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), SPE with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), ultrasonic, quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuECheRS) method, and liquid-solid extraction) coupled to gas chromatography were used for the analysis of metribuzin herbicide residues in soils. Mean recovery values of analyte were > 80%. Extracts were analyzed by a gas chromatographic (GC) system equipped with an electron capture detector (ECD). The order of mean recovery values of metribuzin for the five extraction methods is: SPE with HLB > SPE with MWCNTs > ultrasonic > QuECheRS > liquid-solid extraction. Mean recovery of analyte depends on the type of soil. The results of this study show that SPE with HLB extraction method is the best option for extracting metribuzin in selected soils.
Khovanov homology and gauge theory

In these notes, I will sketch a new approach to Khovanov homology of knots and links based on counting the solutions of certain elliptic partial differential equations in four and five dimensions. The equations are formulated on four and five-dimensional manifolds with boundary, with a rather subtle boundary condition that encodes the knots and links. The construction is formally analogous to Floer and Donaldson theory in three and four dimensions. It was discovered using quantum field theory arguments but can be described and understood purely in terms of classical gauge theory.
Economic Effects of Globalisation: Lessons from Trade Models

Globalisation is a general term used to designate the growing process of international economic integration, covering the significant rise in trade of goods and services and increasing cross-border factor mobility. Globalisation is not a recent phenomenon but intensified as of the early 1990s. In 1990-2005, the average growth of world trade of goods and services increased and continued to exceed world output growth. Trade openness has thus increased significantly both in advanced economies and in major emerging market economies (Chart 1). Financial openness also gained ground in these two groups of countries as of the early 1990s reflecting, to a large extent, the strong increase in world flows of foreign direct investment. The increased pace of the globalisation process reflects a number of factors. First, it is the result of further advances in the liberalisation of world trade and capital movements and was made possible by technological progress that implied a significant decrease in transport, communication and co-ordination costs. Second, the acceleration in globalisation reflects the growing openness of developing and emerging market economies – in many cases in the wake of political and economic reforms – with special emphasis on large economies such as China and India and countries of Central and Eastern Euro
Making items suggestions in non online environments

Practically all data mining techniques and especially association rules assume an on-line environment in order to operate; such as a web site or an electronic machine. Most businesses though as well as the largest part of current trade are still being made in the traditional off-line way, requiring the physical presence of both the customers and the products, leaving all similar applications unassisted from data mining techniques. In this work we describe a system for delivering items suggestions to customers, tailored for the application that for many initiated data mining research; namely supermarket data.
A Structured Approach to Extract Strategic Objective Categories from Textual Sources

This paper employs a structured approach to extract strategic decision maker objectives from textual sources as part of a problem structuring activity for constructing decision-aiding models based on historical decisions. It focuses on textual sources as access to original decision makers cannot be guaranteed. The approach combines multiple methods to first identify a comprehensive set of possible decision maker objectives for historical decisions and then map them to a smaller and more manageable set of objective categories. The usefulness and consistency of these objective categories is tested by applying them to an analysis of Australian post-cold war strategic decisions regarding the employment of military force. These objective categories provide an auditable and useful means to structure interviews with decision makers that will inform the modelling process. Objectives were first identified in primary source texts using a method based on directed content analysis (DCA). These objectives were then vetted for possible redundancy using a similarity measure based on Euclidean distance. Next these objectives were structured using value focused thinking into a manageable set of objective categories. Finally, the usefulness and consistency of these objective categories was assessed by comparing analyses using these categories of two Australian strategic decisions using two data sources. This initial problem structuring activity builds on a previous analysis of strategic decisions on East Timor during 1999 (Coutts, 2010) and will be followed by more detailed studies that will include interviews that lead to detailed modelling of the objectives, influences and reasoning behind these decisions. Such decisions are studied by analysts in order to understand the implications of different strategies, improve strategic models and thus better inform future decisions (Auerswald, 2004; Fredrickson and Mitchell, 1984). Employing a structured approach to study these decisions will complement existing research conducted through the political science and international relations disciplines through the concept of methodological triangulation (Webb et al., 1966). However, challenges exist in structuring a study of historical strategic decisions. When structuring a current decision support problem, analysts can rely on reasonable access to stakeholders and/or decision makers due to the perceived immediacy of the benefits of participation. However such access is often more constrained for historical decisions where there is no immediate pressure on the decision maker to participate and instead the analytical challenge is to structure the study through other means. Of particular concern is the need to structure, and provide rigour to, the design of rare interviews with busy strategic decision makers. Hence the intent of this paper is to produce a manageable and defendable set of objective categories to inform interview design.
Leaf diversity alters litter breakdown in a Piedmont stream

Abstract Work in terrestrial ecosystems has suggested that the breakdown rate of leaf litter may not change predictably with increasing plant species richness. Indeed, it may be that certain combinations of leaf species demonstrate significant non-additive effects on breakdown rates, mediated by the presence of a single key species. Such effects have not been explored in running-water ecosystems despite the strong interest in the conservation and restoration of riparian systems. We documented the magnitude and species composition of leaf litter inputs, the species richness and composition of leaf litter on the streambed, and estimated the breakdown rate of mixed litter in both the summer and autumn in a warmwater stream. We found that leaf species richness of litter packs on the streambed varied from 1 to 11 species, and leaf species composition reflected the composition of litter inputs from May through November. We did not find a general relationship between breakdown rate and leaf litter species richness. However, we did find a strong effect of species composition of leaf packs on the breakdown rate during the summer. Overall, breakdown rates of mixed-species leaf packs were non-additive during the summer, but very predictable in the autumn. In particular, leaf mixtures containing American sycamore always exhibited slower breakdown rates than predicted in summer. One explanation for the discrepancy between summer and autumn results may be decreased temperature in autumn; reduced temperature may have slowed breakdown rates across treatments to the extent that any non-additive effects found in summer were masked by the effect of temperature. Given the importance of detritus to stream food webs, the simplification of plant assemblages along intact or restored streams may have important implications for stream ecosystems.
Paying for improvements in quality: recent experience in the NHS in England

There is a long-term international trend towards linking payments more closely to providers’ performance. The US and England have been at the forefront of the design and introduction of such pay-for-performance (P4P) schemes. England’s experience is, however, likely to have greater salience for the Nordic countries’ health care systems due to the publicly funded finance structure. We review the development of five of England’s major schemes and summarise the available evidence on their impacts. These schemes are: the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF); Advancing Quality ; the Commissioning for Quality and Innovation (CQUIN) framework; Best Practice Tariffs ; and the newest ‘non-payment’ policies. Much of the evidence is limited by the non-experimental way in which the schemes have been introduced, with limited data available prior to the introduction of the schemes and no experimentally unexposed providers to serve as controls. Nonetheless, the existing evidence suggests that P4P can result in modest short-term improvements in the incentivised aspects of performance. There is little evidence of effort diversion, yet some to suggest positive spillovers of these schemes onto non-incentivised aspects of performance. While there is some evidence of gaming and inequitable consequences, these do not appear to be widespread. The gains that can accrue across large patient populations as a result of relatively small financial incentives mean that P4P schemes can be cost-effective. P4P programmes are likely to be most effective when introduced as a supporting part to a wider quality improvement initiative, and when results are published to encourage a reputational as well as a financial incentive for improvement. Though the accumulation of evidence to support P4P has not been systematic or especially robust, it remains a popular policy tool with decision-makers in England, with its reach set to increase further in the future. Normal 0 false false false EN-GB ZH-CN AR-SA /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
Interactive comment on “ Evaluation of a low-cost optical particle counter ( Alphasense OPC-N 2 ) for ambient air monitoring ”

This paper presents an evaluation of a low-cost sensor (OPC-N2) for monitoring ambient particulate matter. Three inter comparison field campaigns have allowed for determination of precision, comparison with reference instruments and suitability for long-term monitoring. This study gives new insights on the ability of these low-cost instruments to measure ambient particulate matter and notably, the identification and correction of bias related to high relative humidity conditions. The manuscript is clear, well-written and is suitable for publication after considering minor changes.
Knowledge and Attitude toward Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) and Compliance to Mass Drug Administration (MDA) among Households in Two Rural Barangays

This descriptive relational study was conducted to determine the knowledge and attitude toward LF and compliance to MDA among households in two rural barangays in Libacao, Aklan. The respondents of this study were taken using a stratified, systematic random sampling technique that included the 187 eligible household heads who received the two- drug combination during the second treatment round (TR) in 2011. Results revealed that most the respondents are "highly" knowledgeable about LF but there are still misconceptions about the cause and transmission of LF. The respondents also have a "favorable" attitude toward LF's disease process and its management. However, only about two thirds are "compliant" to MDA which is below the national coverage. Age, sex, civil status, educational attainment, employment status, poverty status, knowledge about LF and attitude toward the disease are not significantly associated with MDA compliance.