Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
7 Towards Robotic Manipulator Grammatical Control

The present research work reports the effectiveness and appropriateness of grammatical inference (GI) as an alternative control method. Specificity is made on robotic manipulator (RM). RM control is the process whereby a physical system, namely a set of robotic linked arms, is made compliant with some prescribed task such as following an imposed trajectory or keeping in pace with a given angular velocity (Siciliano, 2009). Welding and assemblyline robots are popular examples of RM industrial applications. RM control is a much diversified field. As a result, it makes concentrated research a difficult task. While RM control has been extensively studied from the pure control side (Lewis et al., 2003), for the last four decades, or so, very little attention has been made with regard to other methods such as those provided by GI. Indeed, the GI efforts as applied to control at large remain quite isolated (Martins et al. 2006). Our fundamental aim is to contribute to the integration of GI within RM control, considered within a larger control methodology (Hamdi-Cherif, 2009). As a subfield of machine learning, GI attempts to learn structural models, such as grammars, from diverse data patterns, such as speech, artificial and natural languages, amongst others. GI broadest aim is therefore consistent with the overall goal of machine learning defined as a computational methodology that provides automatic means of improving tasks from experience. As a general computational method, GI is the process whereby a language is automatically generated from positive and eventually negative examples of sentences. Inductive inference of formal languages, as defined by (Gold, 1967), have been studied in the case of positive data, i.e., when the examples of a given formal language are successive elements of some arbitrary enumeration of the elements of the language. After Gold’s negative result, a theorem due to (Angluin, 1980) characterizes when an indexed family of nonempty recursive formal languages is inferrable from positive data. In oracle-based GI, the inferred language is done with the help of a teacher who answers questions concerning the language to be inferred. Useful accounts of GI methods and algorithms can be found in (Sakakibara, 1996; Cicchello & Kremer, 2003). Grammar-based classifier system as a universal tool for grammatical inference has been studied by (Unold, 2008). For the specificity of the present work, GI is understood as the learning of the
A survey of computational calculi used in musical applications

En las ultimas decadas muchos modelos formales han sido propuestos para formalizar aplicaciones musicales,para resolver problemas musicales y de improvisacion, y para probar propiedades en la musica. En este articulodescribiremos brevemente algunos de estos modelos formales (los calculos computacionales); proveeremos unadescripcion de algunas aplicaciones de dichos formalismos; finalmente discutiremos algunas consideraciones sobrecada calculo mencionado aqui, resaltando fortalezas y debilidades.
Overview of journal metrics

Various kinds of metrics used for the quantitative evaluation of scholarly journals are reviewed. The impact factor and related metrics including the immediacy index and the aggregate impact factor, which are provided by the Journal Citation Reports, are explained in detail. The Eigenfactor score and the article influence score are also reviewed. In addition, journal metrics such as CiteScore, Source Normalized Impact per Paper, SCImago Journal Rank, h-index, and g-index are discussed. Limitations and problems that these metrics have are pointed out. We should be cautious to rely on those quantitative measures too much when we evaluate journals or researchers.
The mediating role of romantic relationships between optimism and depression in emerging adults

The existing literature showed that higher depression is linked to less optimism and to poor quality of romantic relationship, but studies considering the role of both optimism and romantic relationship on depression among emerging adults are lacking. The aims of the study were: 1) to describe the quality of romantic relationship, optimism and depression in a group of Italian emerging adults; 2) to examine the relation between optimism and depression; 3) to investigate the possible mediating role of quality of romantic relationship on the relation between optimism and depression. The study involved 228 emerging adults (59% girls), aged from 18 to 22 (mean age= 19.5, standard deviation=1.2). Optimism was assessed through the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R; Scheier et al., 1994), depression through the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale (CES-D 10; Andresen et al., 1994) and quality of romantic relationships through the Romance Qualities Scale (RQS; Ponti et al., 2010). Main results showed a partial mediating effect of quality of romantic relationship between optimism and depression: less optimistic emerging adults reported higher depression, but the effect of lack of optimism was mediated by a good relationship with the partner. Implications for theory and practice were discussed.
High birefringence and wide nematic range bis-tolane liquid crystals

Several dialkyl and fluoro bis-tolane liquid crystals were synthesized and their physical properties evaluated. These highly conjugated liquid crystals exhibit a wide nematic range, small heat fusion enthalpy, high birefringence, and relatively low viscosity. Their excellent compatibility with commercial cyano mixtures makes these liquid crystals attractive for many electro-optic applications.
Effects of an in-service training program on physics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge : The role of experiments and interacting bodies in teaching Newtonian mechanics

Within the framework of a national science and mathematics education development program a long-term physics teachers’ training program was organized. The aim of the program was to enhance teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge, especially regarding the role of experiments in physics education, which was discussed based on a practical teaching philosophy called perceptional approach. The research aimed at exploring teachers’ experience of the training program, as well as the effect it had on their beliefs about the role of experiments and the concept of interaction (interacting bodies) in teaching Newtonian mechanics. Moreover, the goal was to examine the influence of teachers’ beliefs about interaction on students’ conceptual understanding of force. The model of pedagogical content knowledge and the model of practical conceptual change formed the frameworks for the research. The results of the teacher survey showed that teachers considered the training valuable for their daily teaching practice. The laboratory course was regarded to be most valuable. The course dealing with theoretical principles of the perceptional approach was less advantageous. Approximately 20% of the teachers had changed their beliefs in the use of experiments after the ideas represented in the training program. There were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the views regarding the reasons for using experiments in teaching physics. The most important objective for practical work was to enhance students’ learning of concepts. According to teacher interviews, some teachers were influenced by the program and the way experiments could be used in supporting the creation of meanings for concepts. However, some teachers strongly held to their previous beliefs. The effect of the training program on teachers’ beliefs about the concept of interaction as an organizing principle in teaching mechanics was examined using teacher interviews. The results showed no remarkable effects. However, the explicit use of interaction as a guiding principle in teaching Newtonian mechanics enhanced students’ conceptual understanding of force as measured with the Force Concept Inventory, which was translated into Finnish.
Psicologia The role of self-control in competitive anxiety : A study of cognitive , coping and motivational processes Mestrado

Self-control has been described as one of the most important structures of personality. Recently, studies have started to show its importance in the regulation of anxiety in sport competition, as well as in the processes of stress and coping. Considering these findings, and taking the advantages of the sport context as a natural laboratory, this study intended to explore the role of self-control on athletes’ experience of anxiety, cognitive appraisals, coping and motivation. A sample of 197 (Mage = 22.10) athletes from different team sports completed the following measures translated and adapted to Portuguese: Brief Self-control; Sport Anxiety Scale-2; Cognitive Appraisal Scale in Sport Competition – Threat and Challenge Appraisals; Brief COPE; Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System Scales. Overall, results revealed that individuals with higher levels of trait self-control tended to show lower levels of competitive anxiety, perceived the competition as less threatening, and used less maladaptative coping strategies. Avoidance partially mediated the relation between selfcontrol and anxiety, suggesting that individuals higher in self-control were less likely to use avoidance strategies, and thus experience less anxiety. These findings provide important implications for future studies, as well as for psychological interventions tackling the demeaning effects of anxiety in sports.
Onset of substorm expansion phase: theory predictions and results of experimental observations

The problem of substorm expansion phase onset continues to be one of the most actual problems of the physics of magnetospheric substorm. It is deeply connected to the problems of the plasma transport in the magnetosphere, stability of magnetospheric magnetic and plasma configurations. The m ost popular mechanisms of substorm expansion phase onset are based on the analysis of the stability of magnetospheric currents and distribution of plasma pressure. The results o f observations of substorm expansion phase onset are summarized and compared with predictions of different theories. It is shown that the existence of high level of plasma sheet turbulence produces the limitation on the action of possible mechanisms of substorm expansion phase onset. Configuratio ns of magnetospheric current systems developed during substorm growth and expansion phases are discussed. It is possible to identify three periods of the study of sub- storm expansion phase onset. Akasofu (1) showed that the most equatorial arc brightening takes place during the sub- storm expansion phase onset. Posteriori the substorm auroral disturbance moved to the pole. The inner plasma sheet bound- ary was observed in (42) not so far from the geostationary orbit. Injections of energetic particles near the inner edg e of the plasma sheet are known as one of the fundamental signa- tures of magnetospheric substorms from the beginning of 70-th (27). The existence of dispersionless injections demonstr ated the action of acceleration processes near the geostationar y or- bit. Therefore the substorm expansion phase onset as the result of the development of the inner magnetospheric instability be- came the dominant point of view at this first period. Second period is related to the analysis of geomagnetic tail dynamics. It was shown that the change of the topology of magnetic field lines (reconnection processes) and plasmoid formation occur nearly simultaneously with the substorm ex- pansion phase onset. The concept of tail current instabilit y as a source of substorm expansion phase onset (17) became the dominant one for more than two decades. Great number of brilliant theoretical investigations have been done to des cribe the tail reconnection process. Nevertheless the tail curre nt in- stability hypothesis have met a number of difficulties even a t the first stages of its development. It was clear that the stab il- ity of tail current depends on the value of Bz component of magnetic field, where Bz is given in GSM coordinate system. Theoretical studies showed that the decrease of Bz leads to the instability development. However it also was known that Bz decreases with the increase of geocentric distance. There- fore it was very difficult to explain why the first auroral arc
RNAseq Reveals Novel and Differentially Expressed Isoforms in Native and Commercial Poultry

The poultry industry occupies an important position in the provision of animal protein. Recently, next generation sequencing technology (RNA-Seq) has become available as a powerful tool to investigate transcriptional profiles for gene expression analysis of many organisms. The main use of RNA-Seq in agriculture species are focusing on finding the immune related genes or pathways by comparison of the whole transcriptome following pathogen challenge. Alternative splicing (AS) is the major fundamental mechanism generating the protein diversity and regulating the gene expression in eukaryotic organism. Identifying genes that are differentially spliced between two groups of RNA-sequencing samples is interesting subject in transcriptome with next-generation sequencing technology in this study used RNA sequencing to comparison isoforms of two breeds. A total of 64,819 transcripts were identified by aligning sequence reads to genome among the evaluated isoforms for expression analysis, 310 were significantly differentially expressed between two breeds, including 251 up-regulated and 59 down-regulated. The KEGG results of up regulated isoforms showed that that no pathway was found significantly different (FDR ≤ 0.05). However, enrichment analysis suggested that seven were over-represented (P-value ≤ 0.05) within the up regulated isoforms. Only one of them functionally related to immune system, natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity. The results showed genes which are breed-specific expression and the comparative transcriptome analysis help to understand the difference of genetic mechanism.
Stalagmite-inferred variability of the Asian summer monsoon during the penultimate glacial-interglacial period

Abstract. The orbital-timescale dynamics of the Quaternary Asian summer monsoons (ASM) are frequently attributed to precession-dominated northern hemispheric summer insolation. However, this long-term continuous ASM variability is inferred primarily from oxygen isotope records of stalagmites, mainly from Sanbao cave in mainland China, and may not provide a comprehensive picture of ASM evolution. A new spliced stalagmite oxygen isotope record from Yangkou cave tracks summer monsoon precipitation variation from 124 to 206 thousand years ago in Chongqing, southwest China. Our Yangkou record supports that the evolution of ASM was dominated by the North Hemisphere solar insolation on orbital timescales. When superimposed on the Sanbao record, the precipitation time series referred from Yangkou cave stalagmites supports the strong ASM periods at marine isotope stages (MIS) 6.3, 6.5, and 7.1 and weak ASM intervals at MIS 6.2, 6.4, and 7.0. This consistency confirms that ASM events affected most of mainland China. Except for the solar insolation forcing, the large amplitude of minimum δ18O values in Yangkou record during glacial period, such as MIS 6.5, could stem from the enhanced prevailing Pacific trade wind and/or continental shelf exposure in the Indo–Pacific warm pool.
IMPROVING AGROBACTERIUM MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION PROTOCOL FOR INTEGRATION OF XA21 GENE IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

During the present study, embryo derived calli of 3 wheat varieties viz., Chakwal-97, Inqulab91 and Tartara-2000 were infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA101 carrying genes Xa21 for bacterial blight resistance. Hygromycin @ 50mg/l was lethal dose for the selection of transformed calli. Up to 90% GUS expression was observed in selected calli on the selection media containing 50 mg/l hygromycin. The highest number (90%) of GUS expression was observed from 21 days old calli. Callus differentiation was not observed at 0-50µM application, hygromycin resistant calli were obtained from the calli treated with acetosyringone (200-400µM). The application of 400 µM acetosyringone promoted the production of resistant calli and GUS expression was found to be higher in Inqulab-91 (90%). A combined treatment of cefotaxime (500mg/l) and carbenicillin (250mg/l) are better than cefotaxime (500mg/l) or carbenicillin (500mg/l) alone for the control of bacteria. Transient GUS expression was observed in calli of all varieties. Stable GUS expression was observed in transformed leaves and roots of all varieties especially Tartara-2000 and Inqulab-91. The transformation was also confirmed by the presence of 1.4kbp band in PCR and Real time quantitative PCR in two successive generations of wheat.
Validity of FAMA and French Model: Evidence from KSE-100 index

This study is carried out with an aim to test the e xplanatory power of three factorial Fama and French model in explaining the expected returns for the companies listed under the umbrella of KSE-100 index for the time fr ame of three years i.e. from 2011 to 2013. Six portfolios were constituted by interse cting size with B/M ratio of firm. The multivariate regression model was used to find the impact of three independent variables (MRP, SMB &HML) on the dependent variable (Excess Return). The intercept of four portfolios showed insignificant r esults which is evidence for the validity of Fama and French model for KSE-100 index for the selected time frame. Out of six portfolios three showed significant resu lts for market risk premium, four showed for size premium and three showed for value premium confirms the existence of effect of all three independent employed factors . Contrary to the findings of (1) for FF model this study favors FF model in explaining t he returns behavior of companies trading on KSE-100 index. So the findings go in par tial support for FF model for companies listed on KSE-100 index.
The influence of modality on input, visuo-motor coordination, and execution in the advanced pianist's sight-reading processes

In this study, we explored how the modality (major and minor) would affect the input (i. e., fixation), visuo-motor coordination (i.e., eye-hand span and time of performance), and execution (i.e., errors) in the advanced pianist's sight-reading processes, as well as relations among these three phases. Thirty-two advanced pianists with 5–54 years of piano training participated in the study. All participants sight-read three two-voice pieces in either major (n = 16) or minor (n = 16) mode while their eye movements were measured by an eye-tracking device (30 fps). All pieces were 20-measure long written in 4/4 m, adapted from unfamiliar Baroque pieces. Results showed that sight-readers fixated more frequently and tended to spend more time performing in a minor score than in a major score. This implies that modality of a score affects an efficiency of input and visuo-motor coordination in the advanced pianist's sight-reading. Spearman's correlation coefficients showed that errors were correlated positively with the number of fixations and the duration of performance. These results add more evidence to the notion that efficiencies in input and visuo-motor coordination are related to the accuracy in execution.
Differential utilization of cashew—a low-conflict crop—by sympatric humans and chimpanzees

Abstract Modification of natural areas by human activities mostly has a negative impact on wildlife by increasing the geographical and ecological overlap between people and animals. This can result in escalating levels of competition and conflict between humans and wildlife, for example over crops. However, data on specific crops and crop parts that are unattractive to wildlife yet important for human livelihoods are surprisingly scarce, especially considering their potential application to reducing crop damage by wildlife. Here we examine the co-utilization of a nationally important and spatially abundant cash crop, cashew Anacardium occidentalis, by people and chimpanzees Pan troglodytes verus inhabiting a forested–agricultural matrix in Cantanhez National Park in Guinea-Bissau. In this Park people predominantly harvest the marketable cashew nut and discard the unprofitable fruit whereas chimpanzees only consume the fruit. Local farmers generally perceive a benefit of raiding by chimpanzees as they reportedly pile the nuts, making harvesting easier. By ensuring that conflict levels over crops, especially those with high economic importance, remain low, the costs of living in proximity to wildlife can potentially be reduced. Despite high levels of deforestation associated with cashew farming, these findings point to the importance of cashew as a low-conflict crop in this area.
Commercially Important Medicinal Plants of South Africa: A Review

There is a growing interest in natural plant-based remedies as a source for commercial products. Around 80% of the South African population use traditional medicines to meet their primary health care needs; however, only a few South African medicinal plants have been exploited to their full potential in terms of commercialization. The opportunity for bioprospecting of plant compounds for novel pharmaceuticals remains largely untapped. Certain renowned medicinal plants of international acclaim including buchu and rooibos are currently contributing to local enterprise; however, other exciting opportunities exist for commonly used plants which have not yet reached the international arena. This paper focuses on the key research and development contributions of 10 commercially important medicinal plants of South Africa. Traditional uses, scientific validation, commercialisation developments, as well as both potential opportunities and setbacks are discussed.
Enhancement of the dissolution of meloxicam in binary systems

1. P, Reisi Nassab, P. Szabó-Révész, A, Bashiri-Shahroodi, L Erős Dissolution properties o f meloxicam-mannitol binary system 6thCentral European Symposium on Pharmaceutical Technology and Biotechnology. Siófok, Hungary. May 25-27, 2005 Eur. J, Pharm. Sci. (2005), 25/Sl, S161-1Ó2 II. P. Szabó-Révész, P. RNassab, R. Rajkó Dissolution properties o f meloxicam-mannitol binary system 5lh World Meeting on Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology. Geneva, Switzerland. 27-30 March. 2006 III. P. Reisi Nassab. P. Szab<5-R£v6sz Effect o f particle size and carrier on dissolution behaviour o f meloxicam European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences. Verona, Italy. April 26-27, 2006 IV. P. Reisi Nassab Physicochemical characterization o f meloxicam-mannitol binary systems Ph.D Tudományos nap. Szeged, Hungary. May 3, 2006 V. P. Reisi Nassab. P. Kása Jr, P. Szabó-Révész Effect o f particle size and carrier amount on dissolution properties o f meloxicam Congressus Pharmaceuticus Hungaricus XIII. Budapest, Hungary, May 25-27. 2006 VI. P, Reisi Nassab, A. Szűts, P. Szabó-Révész Dissolution improvement o f meloxicam for development o f solid dosage form Gyógyszerkuiatasi Szimpózium. Debrecen, Hungary. November 24-25, 2006
Equilibrium Contracts and Firm-sponsored Training

This paper studies a model of firm-sponsored investments in general human capital. When institutional settings permit simple contractual arrangements that are consistent with at-will employment, firms invest in a worker's general skills. And when market forces discipline contracts, the equilibrium level of training intimately relates to any match-specific component of surplus, such as mobility costs. If these relation-specific components are sufficiently large, all externalities may be internalized, and training attains the social optimum. In marked contrast to the existing literature, these predictions do not rely on complementarities between training and rents (e.g. “wage-compression"), and they are independent of the distribution of profits and wages.