Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Kinerja Perusahaan Terhadap Corporate Governance Reporting Dengan Variabel Moderating Ceo Tenure

Abst ra k Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji apakah CEO Tenure dapat moderat korelasi antara kinerja perusahaan dan pelaporan corporate governance (CG Index). Yang pertama, kami menguji efek langsung dari CEO Tenure dan kinerja perusahaan untuk CG Index. Yang kedua, kami uji moderat efek CEO Tenure dengan hubungan kinerja perusahaan dengan CG Index. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan go public yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Jakarta pada tahun 2005. Variabel independen adalah kinerja perusahaan yang diukur dengan ROE, CEO Tenure sebagai variabel moderasi, variabel kontrol umur perusahaan dan tingkat utang. Variabel dependen adalah Indeks CG dari Silvera & Baros (2006). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kinerja perusahaan tidak meningkatkan Indeks CG. Kepemilikan CEO memiliki efek negatif dan signifikan terhadap indeks CG di level 10%. Namun, CEO Tenure tidak terbukti memoderasi hubungan antara kinerja perusahaan dan Indeks CG. Kata kunci : CEO tenure, CG index, kinerja perusahaan Abstract The purpose of the study is to test whether CEO Tenure can moderate the corelation between corporate performance and corporate governance reporting (CG Index). The first, we are testing the direct effect of CEO Tenure and corporate performance to CG Index. The second, we are testing moderating effect of CEO Tenure to the relationship of corporate performance with CG Index. This research was conducted at the company went public listed on the J akarta S tock E xchange in 2005. Independent variables are company performance measured by ROE, CEO Tenure as moderating variable, the control variable are firm age and debt levels. The d ependent variable is CG Index from Silvera & Baros (2006). The results showed the company performance was not improve the CG Index. CEO tenure had a negative and significant effect on the CG index at the level of 10%. However, CEO Tenure was not prove to moderate the relationship between the corporate performance and the CG Index. Keywords : CEO t enure, CG i ndex, c orporate p erformance
An Infant-associated Bacterial Commensal Utilizes Breast Milk Sialyloligosaccharides*

Lactating mothers secrete milk sialyloligosaccharides (MSOs) that function as anti-adhesives once provided to the neonate. Particular infant-associated commensals, such as Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, consume neutral milk oligosaccharides, although their ability to utilize acidic oligosaccharides has not been assessed. Temporal glycoprofiling of acidic HMO consumed during fermentation demonstrated a single composition, with several isomers, corresponding to sialylated lacto-N-tetraose. To utilize MSO, B. longum subsp. infantis deploys a sialidase that cleaves α2–6 and α2–3 linkages. NanH2, encoded within the HMO catabolic cluster is up-regulated during HMO fermentation and is active on sialylated lacto-N-tetraose. These results demonstrate that commensal microorganisms do utilize MSO, a substrate that may be enriched in the distal gastrointestinal tract.
Complex shifts between food web states in response to whole-ecosystem manipulations

Food webs can respond in surprising and complex ways to temporary alterations in their species composition. When such a perturbation is reversed, food webs have been shown to either return to the pre-perturbation community state or remain in the food web configuration that established during the perturbation. Here we report findings from a replicated whole-lake experiment investigating food web responses to a perturbation and its consecutive reversal. We could identify three distinct community states in the food web that corresponded to the periods before, during and after the perturbation. Most importantly, we demonstrate the establishment of a distinct post-perturbation food web configuration that differed from both the pre- and during-perturbation communities in phytoplankton biomass and micro- and mesozooplankton species composition. We suggest that the pre- and post-perturbation food web configurations may represent two alternative stable community states. We provide explanations for how each of the contrasting communities may be maintained through altered species interactions. These findings add to the discussion of how natural food webs react to environmental change and imply that the range of potential ecosystem dynamics in response to perturbations can be wider and more complex than is often recognized.
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) Analysis of self‐assembly of S‐layer protein slp‐B53 from Lysinibacillus sphaericus

The formation of stable and functional surface layers (S-layers) via self-assembly of surfacelayer proteins on the cell surface is a dynamic and complex process. S-layers facilitate a number of important biological functions, e.g., providing protection and mediating selective exchange of molecules and thereby functioning as molecular sieves. Furthermore, S-layers selectively bind several metal ions including uranium, palladium, gold, and europium, some of them with high affinity. Most current research on surface layers focuses on investigating crystalline arrays of protein subunits in Archaea and bacteria. In this work, several complementary analytical techniques and methods have been applied to examine structure– function relationships and dynamics for assembly of S-layer protein slp-B53 from Lysinibacillus sphaericus: (1) The secondary structure of the S-layer protein was analyzed by circular dichroism spectroscopy; (2) Small-angle X-ray scattering was applied to gain insights into the three-dimensional structure in solution; (3) The interaction with bivalent cations was followed by differential scanning calorimetry; (4) The dynamics and time-dependent assembly of S-layers were followed by applying dynamic light scattering; (5) The twodimensional structure of the paracrystalline S-layer lattice was examined by atomic force microscopy. The data obtained provide essential structural insights into the mechanism of Slayer self-assembly, particularly with respect to binding of bivalent cations, i.e., Mg and Ca. Furthermore, the results obtained highlight potential applications of S-layers in the fields of micromaterials and nanobiotechnology by providing engineered or individual symmetric thin protein layers, e.g., for protective, antimicrobial, or otherwise functionalized surfaces.
Clustering Projects for eLearning Interoperability

Since the beginning of the discipline, eLearning has been about innovation. New software, systems, contents and tools are being created and experimented with and in constant evolution. But when systems, contents and tools become successful and part of the regular infrastructure of educational institutions, interoperability becomes an issue. Systems that are consolidated and regularly used need to be able to interoperate with new ones. And the new tendencies need to fit within the current infrastructure. This paper states how several research and development projects with heterogeneous funding sources and locations worldwide, gathered together to find a solution to this common problem, providing open specifications and standards, plus Free/Libre, Open Source reference implementations.
Development of Ecom50 and Retention Index Models for Nontargeted Metabolomics: Identification of 1, 3-Dicyclohexylurea in Human Serum by HPLC/Mass Spectrometry

The goal of many metabolomic studies is to identify the molecular structure of endogenous molecules that are differentially expressed among sampled or treatment groups. The identified compounds can then be used to gain an understanding of disease mechanisms. Unfortunately, despite recent advances in a variety of analytical techniques, small molecule (<1000 Da) identification remains difficult. Rarely can a chemical structure be determined from experimental "features" such as retention time, exact mass, and collision induced dissociation spectra. Thus, without knowing structure, biological significance remains obscure. In this study, we explore an identification method in which the measured exact mass of an unknown is used to query available chemical databases to compile a list of candidate compounds. Predictions are made for the candidates using models of experimental features that have been measured for the unknown. The predicted values are used to filter the candidate list by eliminating compounds with predicted values substantially different from the unknown. The intent is to reduce the list of candidates to a reasonable number that can be obtained and measured for confirmation. To facilitate this exploration, we measured data and created models for two experimental features; MS Ecom₅₀ (the energy in electronvolts required to fragment 50% of a selected precursor ion) and HPLC retention index. Using a data set of 52 compounds, Ecom₅₀ models were developed based on both Molconn and CODESSA structural descriptors. These models gave r² values of 0.89 to 0.94 depending on the number of inputs, the modeling algorithm chosen, and whether neutral or protonated structures were used. The retention index model was developed with 400 compounds using a back-propagation artificial neural network and 33 Molconn structure descriptors. External validation gave a v² = 0.87 and standard error of 38 retention index units. As a test of the validity of the filtering approach, the Ecom₅₀ and retention index models, along with exact mass and collision induced dissociation spectra matching, were used to identify 1,3-dicyclohexylurea in human plasma. This compound was not previously known to exist in human biofluids and its elemental formula was identical to 315 other candidate compounds downloaded from PubChem. These results suggest that the use of Ecom₅₀ and retention index predictive models can improve nontargeted metabolite structure identification using HPLC/MS derived structural features.
Language development and everyday functioning of children with hearing loss assessed at 3 years of age

This paper reports language ability and everyday functioning of 133 children with hearing impairment who were evaluated at 3 years of age, as part of the Longitudinal Outcomes of Children with Hearing Impairment (LOCHI) study. The language abilities of children were evaluated using the Preschool Language Scale (PLS-4), Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology (DEAP) and Child Development Inventory (CDI). Everyday functioning of children was evaluated by interviewing parents using the Parents' Evaluation of Aural/oral performance of Children (PEACH) questionnaire. There were significant correlations among language measures, and also between the standardized language measures and the PEACH. On average, children who had language deficits exhibited difficulties in everyday functioning. The evidence lends support to a systematic use of parents' observations to evaluate communicative functioning of children in real life. On average, children's language attainment decreased as hearing loss increased, more so for children of less highly educated parents. Factors that were not significantly associated with speech and language outcomes at 3 years were age of amplification and socioeconomic status. As multiple factors affect children's outcomes, it will be possible to examine their effects on outcomes of children when all data in the LOCHI study are available.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Practice Bulletins: Ascertaining Their Citation, Influence, and Utilization

Abstract Objective To ascertain the influence and utilization of the American College Obstetricians and Gynecologists practice bulletins (PBs) by measuring their citations in three different search tools. Study Design PBs in obstetrics (OB-PBs) and gynecology (GYN-PBs) published from September 1998 to December 2009 were identified. PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Web of Science were utilized to determine how often PBs were cited. The citations were quantified by three parameters, most citations, highest citation rate, and highest impact factor. Results The OB-PB with the most citations (125) was PB no. 33 (Diagnosis and Management of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia), highest citation rate (44) was PB no. 101 (Ultrasonography in Pregnancy), highest OBGYN impact factor (4.39) was PB no. 71 (Episiotomy), and highest non-OBGYN impact factor (53.49) was PB no. 38 (Perinatal Care at Threshold of Viability). The GYN-PB with the highest citation rate (103) was PB no. 109 (Cervical Cytology Screening), highest OBGYN impact factor (3.85) was PB no. 103 (Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome), and highest non-OBGYN impact factor (20.89) was PB no. 35 (Cervical Carcinoma). Conclusions No one PB had the most citations, highest citation rate, and highest impact factor.
Expansions of Functions Based on Rational Orthogonal Basis with Nonnegative Instantaneous Frequencies

We consider in this paper expansions of functions based on the rational orthogonal basis for the space of square integrable functions. The basis functions have nonnegative instantaneous frequencies so that the expansions make physical sense. We discuss the almost everywhere convergence of the expansions and develop a fast algorithm for computing the coefficients arising in the expansions by combining the characterization of the coefficients with the fast Fourier transform.
Entrepreneurial Orientation Versus the Sustainability and Growth of Business Clusters

The aim of this paper is to show how the entrepreneurial orientation of companies which belong to a business cluster affects the sustainability and growth of the cluster. Out of all the different dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation, innovativeness and competitive aggressiveness seem to have the greatest influence on the functioning of a company within the cluster. The clusters which have the greatest chances of sustained growth are those which operate in industries dominated by “acquiescent innovators”, companies characterised by low competitive aggressiveness and a high level of innovation.
The Impact of Audit Committee Characteristics on Reliability of Audited Financial statements: A Mediating Role of External Auditor Quality

Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of internal corporate governance audit committees’ characteristics on External auditor quality and reliability of audited financial statements in the Libyan banking sector. This article explores various ways external auditors and audit committees contribute as tools of corporate governance. The impact of the Libyan Corporate Governance Code as well as bank regulations on financial reporting are some of the issues examined in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used in the study. Target population was loan officers and audit officers and sample size was comprised of 188 respondents. Regression analysis (OLS) was applied to test the hypothesis. Current study found that the auditor competence positively mediate the relationship between auditor rotation, audit firm size, audit committee characteristics and reliability of audited financial statements. Finally, the outcome of the study also indicates that auditor competence negatively mediate the relationship among provision of non-audit services, audit firm fees and the reliability of audited financial statements.
Impact of coffee on liver diseases: a systematic review

Coffee is one of the most commonly consumed beverages in the world. Its health benefits including improved overall survival have been demonstrated in a variety of disease states. To examine the association of coffee consumption with liver disease, a systematic review of studies on the effects of coffee on liver associated laboratory tests, viral hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was performed. Coffee consumption was associated with improved serum gamma glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase values in a dose dependent manner in individuals at risk for liver disease. In chronic liver disease patients who consume coffee, a decreased risk of progression to cirrhosis, a lowered mortality rate in cirrhosis patients, and a lowered rate of HCC development were observed. In chronic hepatitis C patients, coffee was associated with improved virologic responses to antiviral therapy. Moreover, coffee consumption was inversely related to the severity of steatohepatitis in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. Therefore, in patients with chronic liver disease, daily coffee consumption should be encouraged.
Relation of unsupported and unsupervised exercise with anthropometric and biochemical indices among type 2 diabetic patients.

BACKGROUND/AIM Type 2 diabetes is a lifestyle-related condition. Lifestyle modification in the management of type 2 diabetes incorporates exercise. The aim of this study was to find out how unsupported and unsupervised exercise relates to anthropometric indices and biochemical indices in type 2 diabetes patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the cross-sectional study, a structured questionnaire was used to access data on the exercise history of patients. Subjects were classified according to exercise intensity. The dietary intake of patients was obtained by 24-h recall. Standard measurements were taken of waist circumference and blood pressure. Blood samples were also collected to measure biochemical parameters. RESULTS Waist circumference, body mass index, and triglycerides were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in type 2 diabetics who engaged in high-intensity exercise than in those who engaged in low-intensity exercise. Systolic blood pressure was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the moderate-intensity exercise group than in the low-intensity exercise group. CONCLUSION Unsupported exercise was found to be related to favorable anthropometric indices (waist circumference and body mass index), blood pressure, and triglycerides.
Extra-vaginal infection caused by Gardnerella vaginalis

discharge, an elevated vaginal pH value and the presence of epithelial cells covered with cocco-bacilli (clue cells) in vaginal smears. The clinical features of BV were described in 1955 by Gardner & Dukes, who claimed that the condition was caused by infection with a hitherto unclassified bacterium which they named Haemophilus vaginalis, but which has since been re-classified as G. vaginalis (Greenwood & Pickett, 1980). Their conclusion that G. vaginalis was the cause of BV was based on their isolation of the organism from 92 % of patients with BV, but not from women without this condition. The role played by G. vaginalis in the aetiology of BV has become less clear, however, with the subsequent finding that it may be isolated from the normal vaginal flora if sensitive culture techniques are employed (Hill, Eschenbach & Holmes, 1984). Quantitative studies of the vaginal microflora have shown that there is a significant increase in the number of G. vaginalis organisms in the genital tract of women with BV compared to women not suffering from this complaint. However, as there is also a relative increase in the anaerobic vaginal flora and the number of Mycoplasma hominis organisms in women with BV (Hill, Eschenbach & Holmes, 1984), the role of G. vaginalis is still unclear. Chen and colleagues (1979) suggested that a symbiotic relationship existed in the vagina between G. vaginalis and other organisms associated with BV, since in vitro, G. vaginalis produced high concentrations of pyruvic and amino acids which could be metabolized by these organisms. Chen et al. (1979) also identified the various amines present in vaginal fluids from BV patients which probably account for the characteristic malodour and showed that they could be produced in vitro during the growth of mixed vaginal bacteria, but not by G. vaginalis alone. Clearly the signs and symptoms of BV correlate with significant changes in the ecology of the vaginal flora, but the role that G. vaginalis, anaerobic bacteria and M. hominis play in the initiation and development of the disease is still unclear. The finding that smears and biopsies obtained from women with BV show little or no evidence of vaginal inflammation or tissue damage tends to suggest that G. vaginalis and the other organisms associated with this condition are not invasive. There is, however, increasing evidence that G. vaginalis may be isolated from
Nature sports participation: Understanding demand, practice profile, motivations and constraints

Nature sports is a sports field associated with active sport tourism and is one of the fastest growing segments of the tourism industry. Even though nature sports are economically very significant, little is known about participants and their participatory behaviour. Thus, a study was conducted using a convenient sample of 1126 nature sports participants to understand their socio-demographic characteristics, demand profile, practice behaviours, motivations and constraints. The results indicate that nature sports participants are mainly young males, with higher education, highly-qualified jobs and high income. The nature sports activity that most of the surveyed individuals already practice is MTB. This is also the activity practiced more frequently by more individuals, and the activity most individuals would like to practice more often. Nature and adventure are indicated as the main reasons for practicing nature sports, while lack of time and lack of money are the main constraints for participation. Statistical tests also revealed significant statistical differences in participation between the different nature sports activities. These data allow augmenting the management and marketing intelligence for owners and managers of nature sports-related businesses as well as agencies and organizations promoting nature sports (tourism). Policy implications for nature sports are also discussed.
Structural Basis of Rotavirus Strain Preference toward N-Acetyl- or N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid-Containing Receptors

ABSTRACT The rotavirus spike protein domain VP8* is essential for recognition of cell surface carbohydrate receptors, notably those incorporating N-acylneuraminic acids (members of the sialic acid family). N-Acetylneuraminic acids occur naturally in both animals and humans, whereas N-glycolylneuraminic acids are acquired only through dietary uptake in normal human tissues. The preference of animal rotaviruses for these natural N-acylneuraminic acids has not been comprehensively established, and detailed structural information regarding the interactions of different rotaviruses with N-glycolylneuraminic acids is lacking. In this study, distinct specificities of VP8* for N-acetyl- and N-glycolylneuraminic acids were revealed using biophysical techniques. VP8* protein from the porcine rotavirus CRW-8 and the bovine rotavirus Nebraska calf diarrhea virus (NCDV) showed a preference for N-glycolyl- over N-acetylneuraminic acids, in contrast to results obtained with rhesus rotavirus (RRV). Crystallographic structures of VP8* from CRW-8 and RRV with bound methyl-N-glycolylneuraminide revealed the atomic details of their interactions. We examined the influence of amino acid type at position 157, which is proximal to the ligand's N-acetyl or N-glycolyl moiety and can mutate upon cell culture adaptation. A structure-based hypothesis derived from these results could account for rotavirus discrimination between the N-acylneuraminic acid forms. Infectivity blockade experiments demonstrated that the determined carbohydrate specificities of these VP8* domains directly correlate with those of the corresponding infectious virus. This includes an association between CRW-8 adaption to cell culture, decreased competition by N-glycolylneuraminic acid for CRW-8 infectivity, and a Pro157-to-Ser157 mutation in VP8* that reduces binding affinity for N-glycolylneuraminic acid.