Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment Outcomes of Vaginal Infections on Sexual Function

Vaginal infections are the most common gynecological diseases and one of the causes of sexual dysfunction. In more than 50% of patients, sexual dysfunction is twice as common. Evaluation of the treatment outcome of vaginal infections can be effective in identifying factors related to the sexual function. This is a descriptive-observational study that included patients referred to Imam Sajjad Shahriar Hospital during 2017-2018. Patients that met the inclusion criteria (with vaginal infections of Candida, Gardnerella and mixed infections - Candida and Gardnerella - Mixed group) completed the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire before and one month after treatment. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16, paired t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. P-value <0.05 was considered significant. After the treatment of vaginitis, there was a significant increase in all aspects of the FSFI questionnaire. The mean and standard deviation of sexual function of women before and after treatment were 18.26 ± 4.36 and 26.27 ± 4.97 in the Candida group, 20.06 ± 4.94 and 25.87 ± 5.32 in the Gardnerella group, and 19.69 ± 4.25 and 27.05 ± 5.12 in the Mixed group. Prior to treatment in the Mixed and Gardnerella group, the most important sexual dysfunction was related to the dyspareunia component, while in the Candida group, the most important sexual dysfunction was related to the desire component. After treatment, the components of dyspareunia in the Mixed and Gardnerella group and the orgasmic component in the Candida group showed the greatest improvement. The regression test showed that the effect of age, body mass index and duration of sex on sexual function was significant (P <0.05). Duration of the disease had the greatest impact on sexual dysfunction, and after treatment of the disease, sexual function improved significantly. Proper diagnosis and treatment are effective in improving women’s sexual function. The results of this study can be promoted to midwives and gynecologists.
Where, why and how? Explaining the low‐temperature range limits of temperate tree species

Attempts at explaining range limits of temperate tree species still rest on correlations with climatic data that lack a physiological justification. Here, we present a synthesis of a multidisciplinary project that offers mechanistic explanations. Employing climatology, biogeography, dendrology, population and reproduction biology, stress physiology and phenology, we combine results from in situ elevational (Swiss Alps) and latitudinal (Alps vs. Scandinavia) comparisons, from reciprocal common garden and phytotron studies for eight European broadleaf tree species. We show that unlike for low‐stature plants, tree canopy temperatures can be predicted from weather station data, and that low‐temperature extremes in winter do not explain range limits. At the current low‐temperature range limit, all species recruit well. Transplants revealed that the local environment rather than elevation of seed origin dominates growth and phenology. Tree ring width at the range limit is not related to season length, but to growing season temperature, with no evidence of carbon shortage. Bud break and leaf emergence in adults trees are timed in such a way that the probability of freezing damage is almost zero, with a uniform safety margin across elevations and taxa. More freezing‐resistant species flush earlier than less resistant species. Synthesis: we conclude that the range limits of the examined tree species are set by the interactive influence of freezing resistance in spring, phenology settings, and the time required to mature tissue. Microevolution of spring phenology compromises between demands set by freezing resistance of young, immature tissue and season length requirements related to autumnal tissue maturation.
A Study of Snakes Wintering in a Small Cave

Twenty snake s representing four species (genera Elaphe, Coluber, Agkistrodon) were observed undisturbed in a small cave in Mis- souri during the winter of 1964-65. Some snakes moved about in the cave while others retreated back into crevices where temperatures were higher. Only one snake remained in the same location throughout the winter. Juve- niles were found at greater depths in the cave than adults. The snakes' ac- tivity varied; Agkistrodon was the most a c t i v e, Coluber the least active. Temperatures within the cave proper ranged generally from 48? F to 58? F (8. 9? C to 10. 4? C). Observations indicate that a temperature increase did not signal the end of hibernation.
Production of the extracellular hemolytic toxin by an isolated strain of Aeromonas salmonicida.

Several pathogenic bacteria isolated from furunculosis infected rainbow trouts Salmo gairdnerii were identified with Aeromonas salmonicida. The organism has been shown to produce relatively large quantities of hemolytic toxin in its culture medium under aerobic condition. The toxin in the supernatant fluid was cytolytic for erythrocytes of sheep and freshwater salmonids in vitro, and the erythrocytes of Japanese common char Salvelinus leucomaenis were the most sensitive, among freshwater salmonids, to the toxin. The production of hemolytic toxin was stimulated by the addition of enzymatic hydrolyzates of protein as nitrogen and carbon sources, however it was suppressed with glucose or sucrose. Bivalent metal ions (Ca2+, Co2+ and Mn2+) and phos-phate ion (HPO42-) were also required for both growth and toxin production. The optimum pH range for toxin production was from 7.5 to 8.0, and the optimum temperature was around 20°C. The toxin production occurred during the stationary phase of growth. The hemolytic toxin in the supernatant fluid was rapidly inactivated at 60°C, and is most stable at pH 8.0. These results indicate that the hemolytic toxin is a thermolabile exotoxin, and some kinds of amino acids, bivalent metal ions and phosphate ion play an important role in hemolytic toxin production of the organism.
Marine regressions and the evolution of groundwater dwelling amphipods (Crustacea)

The origin of marine lineages of amphipods in continental and insular ground waters is treated, and the im- portance in it of relative sea-level lowering is weighed. Pat- terns of distribution and relationships of Hadzioidea, Salentinellidae, Bogidielloidea and Niphargidae are re- viewed, with emphasis on the evidence for their direct marine origin, and on their dispersal abilities. The process of troglobitization, linked with subterranean evolution, in amphipods is discussed. A two-step model of the evolution of thalassoid lineages is discerned. During the first phase, marine populations colonize crevicular or interstitial habitats. These habitats are physiographically connected with the inland stygohabi- tats, and are characterized by severe ecological conditions. During the second phase, certain lineages overcome the salinity boundary and colonize inland ground waters through active migration or passive isolation, or through a combination of both. Marine regressions seem of little significance in the first evolutionary phase, where they primarily explain the isola- tion in coastal ground waters of marine littoral populations, already adapted to subterranean conditions. Vicariance by marine regressions is considered of relatively great evolu- tionary significance in thalassoid groups of low vagility and dispersal ability. This type of vicariance is followed by peripatric speciation, and a largely polychotomous pattern of descent is predicted.
Prevalence and Intensity of Periodontal Disease in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome is one of the actual problems of modern medicine because of its high prevalence in the general population and its essential role in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. In the last decade, studying the relationship between metabolic syndrome and periodontal diseases has attracted many scientists’ attention. Based on this, the study of the clinical features of periodontal diseases in the early stages of metabolic syndrome is relevant and necessary for timely and successful pathogenetic therapy. The purpose of our study was to investigate and analyze the prevalence and intensity of periodontal disease in people with metabolic syndrome. To solve this goal, we surveyed 190 people with metabolic syndrome who were registered at the endocrinological clinic in Chernivtsi. They formed the main observation group. The comparison observation group included 90 people without metabolic disorders. The age of the patients ranged from 25 to 55 years. Periodontal disease was detected in 155 of 190 patients with metabolic syndrome (81.58 ± 2.82%). In 90 patients without endocrinological pathology, the prevalence of periodontal disease was 1.2 times lower (65.56 ± 5.04%; p <0.01). Generalized periodontitis prevailed in the structure of periodontal diseases in patients with metabolic syndrome: 26.45±3.56% cases were in the second stage of generalized periodontitis (GP), and 21.94±3.33% in the third stage of GP, р<0.01. Therefore, the metabolic syndrome, as a state with a high risk of diabetes development, creates conditions for the formation and rapid progression of inflammatory-destructive periodontal lesions.
Detoxification of aflatoxin in poultry feed: An update

In this meta-analytical study, in vivo experimental studies with adsorbents and biological products as feed additives for inactivation of aflatoxin (AF) in poultry feeds are summarized. Totally, 231 researches carried out in 42 different countries were examined and listed with the first author’s country name and presented their results in summary. This review presents the results of the experiments for nutritionists in the feed industry and scientists and provides a basis for total evaluation on the basis of regional results. The studies have been performed mostly in broilers (85%) among poultry species; and mostly in humid countries and/or the countries which import feedstuffs from them. Experiments to reduce negative effects of AF in poultry feed have been mainly performed with clays such as bentonites (BENT) and hydrated Na Ca aluminosilicate (HSCAS) single or in combination with biological matters such as yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae; SCE) and yeast derivates (Esterified glucomannan; EGM). The best way for producers and researchers, it is preferable to evaluate the preventive efficacy of feed additives as total in terms of performance, biochemical-hematological, immunological and gross and histo-pathological parameters, comparing AF group with AF plus feed additive groups. Scientists can assess the preventive efficacy and practical usability of feed additives in more detail by following the titles of articles, associate authors and/or materials and methods of related articles. In fact, for application in practice, focus on limiting AF contamination by optimizing harvesting and storage conditions should be stressed instead of expecting miracles from feed additives which have shown positive effects under experimental conditions.
Immunological Investigations of the Cause of the Limited Development of Rat Eggs Transferred into Pregnant Rabbit Uterus

家兎生殖器道内に移植されたラット卵の発育を継続させるため妊娠家兎生殖器道へのラット卵の移植を行なうとともに,発育を阻害する原因を免疫学的観点より検討し,つぎの成績を得た. 1)ラット受精卵を移植する家兎の片側卵管に家兎受精卵を移植して家兎の妊娠状態を維持し,他側子宮に移植されたラット受精卵の家兎子宮内における着床を促進させようとしたが,ラット卵を移植した側の子宮には全く膨潤がみられなかった. 2) 家兎およびラット受精卵を移植した家兎の血清とラットの各臓器抽出液間で免疫電気泳動を行なった結果,2回目の移植後の血清中に移植前および1回目の移植後の血清中にはみられない新たな沈降線がみられる個体があった. またその沈降線のパターンはラットの各臓器問で同様であった. 3) ラット受精卵の移植前と移植後の家兎血清でラットの初期胚盤胞の体外培養を行なった結果,移植前と移植後の血清間ではほとんど差がみられなかった. 4) ラット受精卵移植前と移植後の家兎血清で体外培養後のラット受精卵を,ラット子宮内に移植した結果,移植後の家兎血清の一部にラット受精卵の発育を抑止するものがあり,特に移植を2回くり返した家兎の血清でその傾向が著しかった. 5) 以上の結果よりラット受精卵を家兎子宮内に反復して移植することにより種特異抗体が生じたことが推察され,移植されたラット受精卵が家兎子宮内では膨潤を生ずるまでは生存しえない原因の1つと推察された.
Partial characterization of a low-molecular-weight collagen synthesized by chondrocytes cultured in collagen gels

bile duct was cannulated through a ventral midline incision and bile was collected for 24 h after dosing, portions being taken for determination of radioactivity. The distribution of tissue radiolabelling is shown in Table 1. Autoradiography was in agreement with these findings; a slow accumulation of I4C in skin and fur was found with increasing time after drug administration. As expected, the levels of radioactivity in the stomach, initially high, drop quickly after dosing, whereas the label in the rest of the gastrointestinal tract falls slowly. Since cannulation experiments showed that only 0.4% of the dose is excreted over 24 h in bile, radioactivity in the intestines is unlikely to be due to biliary secretion of the drug. Autoradiography showed that the activity was concentrated round the lining of the intestinal wall, especially the caecum, where mucus formation particularly occurs. Absorption from the tissue must take place, since only traces of radioactivity can be detected in faeces (Waring, 1978; Turnbull et al., 1978). The high levels of labelling in the kidney (1-2 h) decrease rapidly, whereas the lung concentrations of 14C are higher than blood values at 2-4h. It is noteworthy, since drug concentration in these organs is not common, that both the seminal vesicles and prostate show a high level of radioactivity soon after dosing. In the female, radioactivity appears to be concentrated in the cervix, the highest values being found after 24 h, whereas little labelling occurs in ovary or uterus. From these results, S-carboxymethylcysteine (or a metabolite) has some affinity for rat bronchopulmonary tissue, but concentrations in other mucus-producing organs may be at least as high, if not higher, than those found in the lung. This may have therapeutic implications, particularly in the treatment of chronic prostatis, where the mucolytic action of S-carboxymethylcysteine might be effective.
Molecular phylogeny of Helleborus (Ranunculaceae), with an emphasis on the East Asian-Mediterranean disjunction

Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Helleborus (Ranunculaceae) were evaluated with analyses of plastid trnL-F and partial matK and nuclear ITS DNA sequences for all 16 currently recognised species in addition to several subspecies and geographical variants. The molecular study provides strong support for the monophyly of Helleborus. However, both traditional divisions of the genus, into two groups (Caulescentes and Scapigeri) or two subgenera (Helleborastrum and Helleborus), are refuted. All six currently recognised sections (Dicarpon, Chenopus, Griphopus, Helleborus, Helleborastrum, and Syncarpus) are monophyletic, four by default because they are monospecific. Section Dicarpon (H. thibetanus) is strongly supported as sister group to section Helleborastrum and could therefore be sunk into that section. Relationships between this pair of sections and the other sections are, however, not clear. At the specific level, all species which are clearly distinct morphologically are also distinct in terms of molecular divergence, but relationships between the poorly differentiated species in section Helleborastrum are not resolved with any degree of support. Using a molecular clock based on matK sequence divergence, the disjunction of H. thibetanus and section Helleborastrum between East Asia and the Mediterranean is tentatively dated at approximately 23 million years (middle Miocene), which corresponds well with the geological history of the area where H. thibetanus occurs.
Regulation of Nitrate Reductase Activity by Abscisic Acid in Poplar (Populus deltoids) Leaves.

Excised leaves from Populus deltoids incubated in half strength Hoagland's solution containing 10mM KNO3 as nitrogen source and 25 to 100μM Abscisic acid for 24hr. Nitrate reductase activity were increased at lower concentration (25 μM) of ABA. Different concentrations of calcium (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0mM) with 25μM ABA inhibits the NR activity at lower to higher (0.1 to 1.0mM) concentrations of calcium. Different concentrations of calcium chelator EDTA (0.1 to 1.0mM) and calcium blocker LaCl3 (1.0 to 10.0mM) along with calcium (1.0mM) also decreases NR activity. EDTA specially reduce the availability of extracellular Ca2+ ions and ABA increased the inhibitory effect of LaCl3.
HABITAT-SPECIFIC GROWTH AND FITNESS IN CARRION CROWS (CORVUS CORONE CORONE)

SUMMARY (1) The relationship between habitat, chick growth, fledging size and fitness of breeders was studied in two populations of carrion crows, Corvus corone corone L. , one living in an urban and another in an agricultural environment in south-western Switzerland. The logistic equation was used to model weight gain and tarsus growth, and the growth constant (k) and the asymptote (a) computed, using an iterative least square fitting technique. The chicks in the two habitats are compared with respect to the parameters a and k of the logistic equation. The Darwinian fitness is evaluated for each habitat. (2) Chicks in the urban habitat gain weight slower, take longer to reach fledging weight and are significantly lighter at fledging than the chicks in the agricultural habitat. Thus, for the weight curves, the chicks in the urban habitat show significantly lower values for both parameters a and k. (3) Tarsus growth is slower for chicks in the urban habitat, but in contrast to weight gain, growth of tarsus is not prolonged. For tarsus growth the parameter k is identical in the two habitats, but urban chicks show significantly lower values for the parameter a. Tarsus length is fixed by the age of fledging. Chicks in the urban habitat have shorter tarsi at fledging. (4) Growth of wing is slower in the urban habitat, but, since wing length is incomplete at fledging, no curves were fitted. (5) Tarsus length of territory-holding adults was measured in both habitats and a critical minimum size for territory acquisition empirically established. Of all fledglings raised in the urban habitat, 79% fall below this critical size and will therefore be unable to acquire a territory and thus be excluded from breeding, whereas only 24% of fledglings raised in the agricultural habitat will be excluded. (6) Successful parents in the agricultural habitat fledge, on average, 2-7 chicks per year, parents in the urban habitat 1 5 chicks only. 36% of all territory holders in the agricultural habitat fledge young, 39% in the urban habitat. Since a much higher percentage of fledged chicks reach the critical body size in the agricultural habitat, these parents reach a Darwinian fitness five times higher than the parents in the urban habitat.
Deep Learning for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Diagnosis

By changing the lifestyle and increasing the cancer incidence, accurate diagnosis becomes a significant medical action. Today, DNA microarray is widely used in cancer diagnosis and screening since it is able to measure gene expression levels. Analyzing them by using common statistical methods is not suitable because of the high gene expression data dimensions. So, this study aims to use new techniques to diagnose acute myeloid leukemia. In this study, the leukemia microarray gene data, contenting 22283 genes, was extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus repository. Initial preprocessing was applied by using a normalization test and principal component analysis in Python. Then DNNs neural network designed and implemented to the data and finally results cross-validated by classifiers. The normalization test was significant (P>0.05) and the results show the PCA gene segregation potential and independence of cancer and healthy cells. The results accuracy for single-layer neural network and DNNs deep learning network with three hidden layers are 63.33 and 96.67, respectively. Using new methods such as deep learning can improve diagnosis accuracy and performance compared to the old methods. It is recommended to use these methods in cancer diagnosis and effective gene selection in various types of cancer.
Mass Explusion of Zooxanthellae by Easter island Corals

Hermatypic corals of Easter Island lost their zooxanthellae following a torrential downpour in mid-June 1980. Whitened corals were seen islandwide in a patchy distributional pattern. Corals recovered their coloration within 2-3 months. This was the only occurrence of this phenomenon in memory of the older islanders, which spans a period in excess of 50 yr. EASTER ISLAND (27°10' S; 109°20' W) lies at the extreme southeast part of the IndoPacific region. It has no structural reefs and hosts a depauperate fauna exemplified by its few species of corals (Wells 1972), mollusks (Rehder 1980), and fishes (Randall and McCosker 1975). The invertebrate fauna of the island is poorly known, and we are unaware of any ecological studies characterizing the island's inshore ecosystem. This note records an unusual occurrence of mass expulsion of zooxanthellae by Easter Island corals in mid-1980. Easter Island currently has a small population, numbering slightly over 2000 people. Except for tourism, the island has few sources of outside income, one of which is the export of souvenir coral heads. Small colonies of Pocil/opora danae are collected to depths of 15 m at various locations around the island. Upon return to shore, the corals are cleaned and bleached until bone-white and then dried. They are exported by boat or plane, usually to the Chilean mainland. Both coral divers and spearfishermen have had unobstructed underwater vision since 1927 when the first diving goggles were introduced to the island. Subsequent to an unusually heavy rainfall on 16 June 1980, the coral divers noticed that coral heads of commercial value had begun to turn white on an islandwide basis. At first, the divers became encouraged to collect these corals, as 1 Manuscript accepted 19 October 1981. 2 Universidad del Norte, Departamento de Investigaciones Marinas, Coquimbo, Chile. (All correspondence should be addressed to the second author.) 61 it appeared they were dead, bleached, and in condition for immediate sale. When these corals went through typical (malodorous) decomposition after landing, some divers referred this problem to island officials, because they were afraid that the alteration of the corals was due to pollutants, air traffic, or other development-linked causes that would threaten their enterprise. Freshly formalin-fixed specimens of affected corals were sent to us for examination in August 1980. One of us (Cea), with extensive scuba diving experience on Easter Island, explored and photographed some coral growth areas in early September 1980 and in mid-March 1981. During these visits, interviews were conducted with some islanders to document the event.
Broiler Yields Using Chicks from Extremes in Breeder Age and Dietary Propionate

Abstract Chicks originating from 27- and 62-wk-old breeder flocks were evaluated beyond live performance to carcass characteristics. One half of each source and sex received 3% ammonium propionate in the first week's feed; thereafter, a common regimen was given to 7 wk of age. Birds from the older breeders showed superior live gain and survival, but birds from younger breeders had better feed conversion. Supplemental propionate decreased live gain wile it was being fed but improved ultimate feed conversion for all birds and survival in birds from the young breeder flock. Proportion of abdominal fat was similar, regardless of breeder age and supplemental propionate; however, additional carcass yield with broilers from the old breeders provided further advantage in chilled weight. Few differences in carcass defects associated with downgrading were detected. Proportions of cone deboned parts were similar among treatments.