Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of 30 hours sleep deprivation on basic football skills of soccer players

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of sleep deprivation on the passing and shooting skills of football players. To this end, 18 students of Sahand University, with age range 20 to 24 years performed basic soccer skills (shoot and pass) in the pre-test and post test stages. In this study to assess these skills, the test “Mor – Christian” has been used. In the first step, subjects conducted the shoot and pass test as pre-test after 8 hours sleep a night. 10 days later, to ensure the validity of tests and test results on the learning effect, subjects did the same test again after 8 hours sleep a night. In the third stage, 30 hours of sleep deprivation as an independent variable imposed on the subjects and then the test was repeated and experimental test results were compared as recorded using paired t-test. The findings showed that 30 hour sleep deprivation decreases passing and shooting skills implementation skills (p <0.001). Therefore, the findings showed that sleep deprivation can be a devastating effect on basic football skills. Мехрдад Хефзоллесан, Сохраб Гхалехгир, Насер Бехпоор. Ефекти 30 годинного позбавлення сну в зниженні базових футбольних умінь футболістів. Мета цього дослідження – визначити ефект 30 годинного позбавлення сну в зниженні навиків передачі і удару м’ячем по воротах футболістами. 18 студентів Університету Саханд у віці 20-24 роки виконували основні футбольні навики (удар і передача) в попередньому тестуванні і повторній перевірці в різних фазах підготовки. У цьому вивченні, щоб оцінити ці навики, був використаний тест “Mor – Christian». На першому етапі, випробовувані викону-вали удар і передачу м’яча в тестуванні після 8 годинного сну вночі. Потім, 10 дня-ми пізніше, щоб гарантувати валідність тестів і тестових випробувань в ефекті на-вчання, випробовуваних знов перевірили після 8 годинного сну вночі. На третьому етапі, після 30 годин позбавлення сну як незалежної змінної для випробовуваних, було проведено повторне тестування і експериментальні тестові випробування порівнювалися з отриманими раніше з ви-користанням парного t-test. Отримані дані показали, що 30 годинне позбавлення сну погіршує навики передачі і удару у футбо-лістів (p <0.001). Тому, отримані дані пока-зали, що позбавлення сну може бути руй-нівним ефектом для основних футбольних навиків. Мехрдад Хефзоллесан, Сохраб Гхалех
MQL MACHINING – OIL ON WATER DROPLET SYSTEM

Flood and through-tool delivering of cutting fluids have been widely used for the machining operations. The use of a large amount of cutting fluid can impact the environment and increase manufacturing costs, and possibly lead to ground contamination, excess energy consumption, the need for wet chip disposal and potential health and safety issues. Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) machining involves the application of a minute amount of oil-based lubricant to the machining process in an attempt to replace the conventional flood coolant system. This paper presents a classification of MQL methods, discussing their advantages and drawback. Also, the results of measurements of cutting forces and surface roughness when machining one type of aluminum bronze using MQL, are presented. As a medium for cooling and lubricating a system of oil-on-water was used. The results show that the cutting force of less than 16%, and also parameters of surface roughness, compared to machining without the use of coolant and lubricants. Keywords: mql machining, oil-on-water droplet, aluminium bronze, cutting forces, surface roughness.
Identification of Supply Chain Performance Indicators: Case Study of Costa Rican Coffee Production

Background: coffee production is one of the most important agricultural products for Costa Rica, especially because of the large proportion of small and medium farmers involved. This research intends to provide the identification of performance indicators for coffee production using the Asociacion de Productores Agropecuarios de las Comunidades de Acosta y Aserri (ASOPROAAA), as case of study. Methods: 21 expert surveys were conducted, based on ASOPROAAA and its farmers. Results: indicators of performance were measured in each of the sustainability dimensions. Farmers' record keeping was a problem; however, data was collected and double checked by participants. Conclusion: the identification of supply chain performance indicators was possible in all the sustainability dimensions, benchmarking of these results with other Costa Rican companies would require further research. The identified indicators can be used as a first approach for sustainable performance in coffee, since they were adapted to the production system and its specific characteristic.
Constraining the kinetics of mantle phase changes with seismic data

SUMMARY In a system where two phases coexist, a seismic wave can disrupt the pre-existing equilibrium and induce a re-equilibration process. Because the kinetics of the phase change is not instantaneous, the transformation induces an attenuation of the wave that can be quantified using an appropriate physical theory. Kinetics of Earth’s phase transitions are not well known: in this paper we show that they can be constrained by seismic attenuation data. We quantify the influence of a phase transition upon seismic mode attenuation and body wave reflexion coefficient. We perform a numerical application for the olivine to wadsleyite transition at 410 km depth, assuming a phase loop thickness of 10 km. We show that the relaxation time that controls the frequency band of attenuation and the velocity at which the interface evolves when submitted to a pressure disequilibrium, is likely larger than 7000 s. For this kinetics slower than typical seismic waves periods, the transformation loop does not affect S waves attenuation but potentially that of P waves and normal modes.
Labour market transitions in Australia and Japan : A Panel Data Analysis

We compare labour market transitions between Australia and Japan using longitudinal data, applying dynamic multinomial models controlling for initial values and unobserved heterogeneity. For Australia, casual or fixed-term employment in period t-1 significantly raises the probability of permanent or ongoing employment in period t for both men and women. For Japan, fixed-term employment in period t-1 does not have any significant effect on the probability of permanent or ongoing employment in period t for either sexes. While for Australian women, permanent or ongoing employment in the current period significantly lowers the probability of casual or fixed-term employment in the subsequent period, for Japanese women, there is a corresponding increase in probability. The theoretical probability of labour market transitions from fixed-term employment to permanent employment is the lowest for Japanese women among the four country-
Contributing barriers to corporate social and environmental responsibility practices in a developing country: A stakeholder perspective

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the contributing barriers to corporate social and environmental responsibility (CSER) practices. In particular, this study focuses on non-managerial stakeholders’ perceptions of the barriers to CSER practices in a developing country context. The study also investigates the current initiatives undertaken by the different stakeholders, such as government, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and regulators. Design/methodology/approach The study takes a qualitative approach, undertaking semi-structured in-depth interviews with 26 participants from NGOs, the media, regulatory authorities, government departments, shareholders, trade union leaders and customers. Findings The views of stakeholder groups were analysed to identify the contributing barriers to CSER practices. The findings of the study reveal that corruption and politics, lack of coordination, lack of government initiatives and unsatisfactory implementation of laws are perceived as the major barriers that hinder CSER practices in Bangladesh. The study also found a lack of awareness amongst various stakeholder groups regarding the influential role CSER plays in promoting sustainable development. The current initiatives undertaken by various stakeholders to improve CSER practices were limited but growing. Research Limitations/implications The study utilises the stakeholder theory to examine the role of stakeholders, rather than managers, in relation to CSER practice in Bangladesh. The findings may provide impetus for mitigating CSER barriers in a developing country context. Originality/value This study is one of the few engagement-based studies to explore the non-managerial stakeholders’ views on CSER in a developing country context.
Post-Socialist Gentrification Processes in Polish Cities

Abstract This paper discusses the specific character of gentrification processes in Polish cities, with a particular focus on Warsaw, Łódź and Gdańsk. It explains the forces and factors behind gentrification, and highlights its types and effects as well as the gentrifiers. It also addresses the problem of the absence of reprivatisation law in Poland. The paper concludes that gentrification processes in Polish cities occur in a different way and less intensively than in Western cities. They often have a localized character, mostly in the form of new-build gentrification carried out by developers and state-led gentrification with significant participation of the public sector.
Analysis and Improvement of Quality in Wet Grinder Manufacturing Industry Through Customer Complaint Investigation

This paper proposes on existing problem in performance of wet grinder industry, which can be reduced . The investigation was carried out in wet grinder industry on customer complaint for the quality attainment of wet grinder. Quality tools like Pareto diagram and cause & effect diagram are used to identify the problem area and causes. The major problem is longer grinding time, which leads to more energy consumption and higher torque. The aim of this paper is mathematically describe the design of the shell and identify the factor which affects them. The grinding energy of wet grinder is calculated and it is reduced by modifying the existing design. The grinding energy of existing design which has been reduced from 520Joules to 432.5Joules. The performance of grinder has improved by the reduction of diameter from 300mm to 250mm, which leads to reduction of twisting force from 3000N-mm to 2500N-mm using modified design. With the help of Ans ys software, displacement of the shell is arrested and twisting force of 2500N-mm is applied over the shell along with pre-stressed force 100N for all parts and found that the design is safe by matching operating frequency and obtained frequency.
Objective and Subjective Knowledge: Impacts on Consumer Demand for Genetically Modified Foods in the United States and the European Union

In the growing body of literature on consumer acceptance of genetically modified (GM) foods, there are significant differences on the impact of knowledge on acceptance of GM foods. One potential explanation is the manner in which knowledge is measured. The goal of this study is to differentiate and examine the impact of both subjective and objective knowledge related to acceptance of genetically modified foods. Data from surveys collected in the United States, England, and France is used.
Nanoceramic Matrices: Biomedical Applications

Natural bone consisted of calcium phosphate with nanometer-sized needle-like crystals of approximately 5-20 nm width by 60 nm length. Synthetic calcium phosphates and Bioglass are biocompatible and bioactive as they bond to bone and enhance bone tissue formation. This property is attributed to their similarity with the mineral phase of natural bone except its constituent particle size. Calcium phosphate ceramics have been used in dentistry and orthopedics for over 30 years because of these properties. Several studies indicated that incorporation of growth hormones into these ceramic matrices facilitated increased tissue regeneration. Nanophase calcium phosphates can mimic the dimensions of constituent components of natural tissues; can modulate enhanced osteoblast adhesion and resorption with long-term functionality of tissue engineered implants. This mini review discusses some of the recent developments in nanophase ceramic matrices utilized for bone tissue engineering.
The GRIMMER test: A method for testing the validity of reported measures of variability

GRIMMER (Granularity-Related Inconsistency of Means Mapped to Error Repeats) builds upon the GRIM test and allows for testing whether reported measures of variability are mathematically possible. GRIMMER relies upon the statistical phenomenon that variances display a simple repetitive pattern when the data is discrete, i.e. granular. This observation allows for the generation of an algorithm that can quickly identify whether a reported statistic of any size or precision is consistent with the stated sample size and granularity. My implementation of the test is available at PrePubMed and currently allows for testing variances, standard deviations, and standard errors for integer data. It is possible to extend the test to other measures of variability such as deviation from the mean, or apply the test to non-integer data such as data reported to halves or tenths. The ability of the test to identify inconsistent statistics relies upon four factors: (1) the sample size; (2) the granularity of the data; (3) the precision (number of decimals) of the reported statistic; and (4) the size of the standard deviation or standard error (but not the variance). The test is most powerful when the sample size is small, the granularity is large, the statistic is reported to a large number of decimal places, and the standard deviation or standard error is small (variance is immune to size considerations). This test has important implications for any field that routinely reports statistics for granular data to at least two decimal places because it can help identify errors in publications, and should be used by journals during their initial screen of new submissions. The errors detected can be the result of anything from something as innocent as a typo or rounding error to large statistical mistakes or unfortunately even fraud. In this report I describe the mathematical foundations of the GRIMMER test and the algorithm I use to implement it.
Effects of Pretreatment Methods Using Various 1,4-Dioxane Concentrations on the Performance of Lignocellulosic Films of Eucalyptus citriodora

In order to obtain a material that exhibits a better tensile strength, UV absorption, and transparency, lignocellulose of eucalyptus was dissolved and subsequently regenerated in ionic liquid (IL) following treatment with different pretreatment conditions. The effect of 1,4-dioxane extraction concentration was evaluated by comparing the chemical, thermal, mechanical, and optical performance of the obtained films. The results indicated that lignocellulose could be dissolved using the IL, with the regenerated film demonstrating obvious signs of phase separation. Increasing the 1,4-dioxane extraction concentration brought about an increase in the degree of crystallization, tensile stress, and ultraviolet-visible light transmittance of films. However, the lignin content and peak temperature of main decomposition for the films decreased. Compared to cellulose film, lignocellulose film showed excellent UV absorption properties due to the presence of lignin. F-90 possessed of a better tensile strength, UV absorption, and transparency. This work demonstrated the possibility that a biodegradable green functional film can be prepared.
A Study of Evidence in Mainstreaming Social Inclusion into Programmes Promoting Agricultural Productivity and Access to Markets among the Rural Poor

In rural Africa, indigenous farming and natural resource management systems exempli ed by kitchen gardens are being reshaped by the HIV/AIDS epidemic and its negative impacts (illness, stigma and mortality, and economic costs) and positive opportunities (organizational responses to the epidemic). Subtle changes in crops and farm techniques can be traced to these diverse in uences of HIV+ infection, illness, mortality, widowhood, foster child care, and AIDS support groups, as well as the organizations, ideas, and ow of funding from outside. These ndings draw on original eld data: a village census, in-depth interviews with gardeners, and group discussions in a village in Bungoma District (in 2005 and 2007). This part of western Kenya is a typical small-farm zone that has faced a moderate HIV/AIDS epidemic since the 1990s, following decades of demographic, environmental, technological, and institutional changes. Implications of this case study for further research on HIV/AIDS and on micro-level population–environment change suggest that households are useful but imperfect analytical units and are best seen as part of complex social networks, shaping connections to markets. These important ‘‘mediating institutions’’ link AIDS as a demographic and economic force with environmental outcomes in cultivated landscapes. Another paper advocates the importance of farming and agriculture for those living with HIV/AIDS. Datta, D. , and Njuguna, J., 2009, Food security in HIV/AIDS response: Insights from Homa Bay, Kenya, Journal of Social Aspects of HIV, Vol. 6, No.4 This paper examines the viability and effectiveness of a pilot farming initiative in reversing impacts of HIV/AIDS on the most affected households in Homa Bay, Kenya. The paper argues that once patients are stable, they can effectively be engaged in farming with minimal financial and technical support, resulting in enhanced food security of the affected households. More importantly, it helps to reduce HIV/AIDS-related stigma and improve the individual’s self-esteem. Some of the key challenges of the pilot initiative were the limited number of agricultural extension workers and absence of facilities to enable them to deliver services to the farmers, the high cost of farm inputs, the unavailability of farm inputs when they were needed, poorly developed agricultural markets, and the absence of irrigation facilities. The paper recommends the sensitive scaling-up of this approach. However,
Error-correction versus Differencing in Macroeconomic Forecasting

Recent work by Clements and Hendry have shown why forecasting systems that are in terms of differences, dVARs, can be more accurate than econometric models that include levels variables, ECMs. For example, dVAR forecasts are insulated from parameter non-constancies in the long run mean of the cointegration relationships. In this paper, the practical relevance of these issues are investigated for RIMINI, the quarterly model of the Central Bank of Norway, which we take as an example of an ECM forecasting model.
Compensating Wage Differentials and Unobserved Productivity

It is well known that the inability to observe workers' full labor market productivity can bias estimates of compensating wage differentials. This paper attempts to determine how serious this bias is likely to be. It adopts a stochastic framework of workers' tastes over job attributes and models their equilibrium wage-job attribute choices. Workers' productivity is assumed to consist of observed and unobserved components. Applying the standard estimation methodology, we find that the degree of bias can be surprisingly large. On the basis of our analysis, we conclude that contemporary labor market studies are likely to severely underestimate workers' willingness to pay for job attributes. This has implications for a number of applications of compensating wage differentials, including value of life studies.
Examination of Cultural and Gender Similarities and Differences among Canadian and U.S. College Students on a Measure of Manifest Anxiety

A measurement invariance study was conducted among 1,344 college students from Canada and the United States on an anxiety measure specifically designed for the college student population to determine whether the construct of anxiety was equivalent across country (Canada, United States) and gender. In addition, country and gender differences were examined on the anxiety measure. The Adult Manifest Anxiety Scale-College Version (AMAS-C) was administered to the college students online. The AMAS-C consists of four anxiety (Physiological Anxiety, Social Concerns/Stress, Test Anxiety, and Worry/Oversensitivity) subscales, a Total Anxiety scale, and a Lie scale. Results of tests of measurement invariance found the construct of anxiety equivalent across country and gender and latent mean analyses found gender differences, but no country differences, on the AMAS-C anxiety factors. Implications of the findings for mental health professionals, educational practitioners, and current and future researchers who work with or who will work with the undergraduate student population in Canada are discussed.
Ozone zonal asymmetry and planetary wave characterization during Antarctic spring

Abstract. A large zonal asymmetry of ozone has been observed over Antarctica during winter-spring, when the ozone hole develops. It is caused by a planetary wave-driven displacement of the polar vortex. The total ozone data by OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) and the ozone profiles by MLS (Microwave Limb Sounder) and GOMOS (Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars) were analysed to characterize the ozone zonal asymmetry and the wave activity during Antarctic spring. Both total ozone and profile data have shown a persistent zonal asymmetry over the last years, which is usually observed from September to mid-December. The largest amplitudes of planetary waves at 65° S (the perturbations can achieve up to 50% of zonal mean values) is observed in October. The wave activity is dominated by the quasi-stationary wave 1 component, while the wave 2 is mainly an eastward travelling wave. Wave numbers 1 and 2 generally explain more than the 90% of the ozone longitudinal variations. Both GOMOS and MLS ozone profile data show that ozone zonal asymmetry covers the whole stratosphere and extends up to the altitudes of 60–65 km. The wave amplitudes in ozone mixing ratio decay with altitude, with maxima (up to 50%) below 30 km. The characterization of the ozone zonal asymmetry has become important in the climate research. The inclusion of the polar zonal asymmetry in the climate models is essential for an accurate estimation of the future temperature trends. This information might also be important for retrieval algorithms that rely on ozone a priori information.
Reduction of seed harvester ants, Pogonomyrmex spp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), damages by using some insecticides

Seed harvester ants are one of the dominant insect pest groups in Eritrea causing great economic loss in cereal crops from sowing up to harvesting. The effectiveness of malathion, carbaryl and neem seed extract on the reduction of seed harvester ant (Pogonomyrmex spp.) populations and damages was also evaluated by the amount of seed removal. Results of the study showed that high number of germination rate (14.6) and yield (1.7 kg/plot) was obtained from malathion-treated ant mounds while carbaryl showed fair control. But neem seed extract was not effective where low germination rate (3.24) and yield (0.7 kg/plot) was found. The seed removal rate for seed harvester ant colony was very high in pearl millet (89.4 to 100%) than in maize (59.2 to 51.3%).