Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Bile Acid on Lipid and Nitrogen Retention, Carcass Composition, and Dietary Metabolizable Energy in Very Young Chicks,

Abstract Heavy breed chicks fed isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing 7.6% tallow or one of four different hydrogenated animal and vegetable fats (HAVFs) at 6.2% retained 25% less lipid when 1 week of age than when 2 or 3 weeks of age. The addition of . 04% sodium taurocholate (NaT) improved lipid retention most at 1 week of age but had no effect on retention of nitrogen. The apparent metabolizable energy (MEa) was 10% less for the chick 1 week of age, reflecting lower lipid and nitrogen retentions by the very young chicken. Percentages of carcass lipid and protein were lowest at 1 week of age (10.4%) and increased by the 3rd week (17%). The addition of NaT did not cause any significant changes in carcass composition. The data indicated that absorptive mechanisms for lipid and protein are not fully developed in the very young chick and that dietary bile salts tend to improve lipid but not nitrogen absorption.
A COMPARATIVE APPRAISAL OF THE PROPERTIES OF "STAPHYLOCOCCI" ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SITES AND FROM DAIRY PRODUCTS

A comparative study of properties of 263 isolates of mannitol-positive micrococci ("staphylococci") obtained from clinical sources and from cheese or butter has shown that isolates from the dairy products were predominantly type 42 D, Group IV, of bovine origin, while among the isolates from hospital specimens Group III was most common, and type 42 D was rarely encountered. Two strains lysed by phage type 42 D have, however, been isolated from cases of severe enteritis developing after antibiotic therapy. Isolates from phage Group IV were more consistent than any other phage group in the production of coagulase, of phosphatase, and of potent amounts of alpha- and beta-hemolysins and enterotoxin. Except in Group IV, wide variation in these properties occurred within a species or within a phage group from either the dairy or clinical source.Coagulase and phosphatase were not directly comparable in their indication of toxigenic strains and neither was absolute in relation to specific toxin production.Toxins .
Teaching Software Engineering Principles in Middle Schools by Combining Robotics and Blogging

In the current labor market, a large number of people engage in programming activities, even without being trained developers. Fostering Software Engineering (SE) principles at the K-12 level can increase the quality of the code that students will write in their future careers. Middle school students usually learn Computer Science (CS) as part of other disciplines; thus, the challenge is achieving the CS learning objectives and foster SE principles while fulfilling the curricular objectives. In this work, we describe a didactic module and its assessment framework; moreover, we report the results of a classroom experience that shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach. This work provides educators with a practical example of how to cover several areas of technology in a way for middle school students to be engaged and to spark future interest. The results encourage us to work on the development of the next modules dedicated to middle schools.
IoT based Testbed for Human Movement Activity Monitoring and Presentation

Rehabilitation or Prehabilitation are vital healthcare practices that allows people to recover their muscle strength and return to their normal daily life activities or be ready for operating on respectively. Each type of injury or operation would require its own specific movement activities that need to be conducted over a predefined supervised or unsupervised program. Tracking, recording and monitoring the daily movement activities can significantly help in follow up the correct implementation of a predefined program. The recent advancement in digital health could be leveraged upon in benefiting the above indicated processes. Internet of Things (IoT) is the technological revolution that allows objects to be interconnected, related movement activities to be tracked and online gathering of real time and history data to be collected. This in effect should offer the possibility of converting regular rehabilitation into a smart rehabilitation care. This paper proposes a generic IoT based testbed using three layered solution for human activity movement monitoring. These are wireless sensing layer, the local processing and internet access layer and remote cloud service layer. Functionality for each of these layers are explored and tested based on hip fractured rehabilitation use cases. Experimental results reflect the ability to drive the system in a software defined mode for accommodating different use cases.
GASIFICATION AND PRODUCTION OF BIOCHAR FROM WASTEWATER GROWN ALGAE

This paper presents the results of some preliminary experiments on gasification of algal biomass harvested from wastewater treatment HRAP, the production of biochar from pyrolysis and some beneficial properties of the resulting biochar. A laboratory-scale gasifier was constructed to mimic the conditions in a High Temperature Downdraft Gasifier (HTDG), HTDG requires a biomass with specific properties including: uniform size; structural integrity; low moisture content and; low nitrogen content to reduce NH3 and NOx emissions. Since harvested algal biomass has a very high moisture content (typically ~96%) a drying step is required before gasification. Wastewater treatment HRAP algal biomass was able to be air-dried to 12% moisture in 24 hours during NZ summer conditions using a simple non-woven geotextile drying rack. Air-dried algal flakes were gasified in the updraft gasifier with 20.6% of the total energy content of the algae captured as water heating energy. Potential problems with nitrogenous gas emissions due to the high nitrogen content of algal biomass could be eleveated by using various adsorption and scrubbing technologies. Pyrolysis was used to produce a high quaility biochar from air-dried algal flakes with a 28.1% conversion efficiency. For every kg of algal biomass that was converted into biochar, 0.44 kg of CO2 was sequestered as biochar carbon. Pyrolysis of wastewater treatment HRAP algal biomass to biochar could sequester ~130 kg CO2 per ML of wastewater treated in the HRAP. Powdered activated algal biochar had nitrate absorption capacity of 0.8 mg N/g which is similar to that found for other biochars e.g. wood. Powdered activated algal biochar had nitrate absorption capacity of only 0.8 mg N/g which is similar to that found for other biochars e.g. wood, but would be of little value for use in a final treatment polishing. A basic energy analysis indicates that there could be sufficient energy within algal biomass to dry freshly harvested algae for pyrolysis to sequester CO2 as biochar.
Adapting a Virtual Assistant Device to Support the Interaction with Elderly People

: Some authors agree that the elderly suffer social and technological isolation, or even exclusion, due to their aging condition, a situation that could worsen in the future, as the trend of higher population growth in the world, so some studies are needed to identify the expectations of such population in terms of the usage and adoption of technology; so, new technological developments implement specific requirements that help them to adapt to their use. This paper presents a study developed for evaluating the technological acceptance of smart virtual assistants by the elderly people. Such a study involves the design and the implementation of a recreational strategy to remember the taking of medications, considering some experiences in the development and implementation of technology for this kind of users.
The range of attraction of animal baits and carbon dioxide for mosquitoes. Studies in a freshwater area of West Africa

In an inland area of the Gambia the density of flying mosquitoes at successive distances from a pair of bait-calves or an equivalent source of carbon dioxide was measured with ramp-traps to determine the maximum range at which orientation towards the bait was initiated. Thirty-six traps were operated at intervals of 7·5 m up to a distance of 60 m from the bait, on 66 nights. Anopheles ziemanni Grunb. , Mansonia uniformis (Theo.) and Aedes spp. were responding to the presence of the baitcalves from a distance of 22·5–30 m; with carbon dioxide as bait the same species showed a clear response at 15 m but, with the doubtful exception of M. uniformis , not at 22·5–30 m. M. africana (Theo.) responded to both calf and carbon dioxide baits at 15 m but not at more distant ranges. Culex thalassius Theo. and C. univittatus Theo. showed a response at 7·5 m but not at any greater distance. C. decens group showed no response to either bait even in the nearest traps (7·5 m). The parous rate in Mansonia spp. varied with distance from the bait. Similar variation in the proportion of females infested with mites was not detected.
Responses of a subarctic dwarf shrub heath community to simulated environmental change

1 A dwarf shrub heath in subarctic Sweden was subjected to factorial manipulation of air temperature, water and nutrient supply for 5 years. The responses of the vegetation to the perturbations were then assessed by point intercept (quadrat) analysis followed by determination of above‐ground biomass.
Isolement et activité nitrogénasique de Burkholderia vietnamiensis, bactérie fixatrice d'azote associée au riz (Oryza sativa L) cultivé sur un sol sulfaté du Viêt-nam

L'etude de la microflore bacterienne fixatrice d'azote dominante associee au riz a ete menee sur un sol sulfate acide du Viet-Nam. Une premiere experience a montre que l'activite nitrogenasique (estimee par mesure de l'activite reductrice d'acetylene) du systeme sol-plante intact etait maximale apres huit jours de croissance, en chambre climatisee (360 nmoles de C 2 H 4 h -1 plante -1 ). Dans une deuxieme experience, le comptage et l'isolement des bacteries fixatrices d'azote les plus abondantes de la rhizosphere apres 8 jours de culture, ont ete realises a l'aide du modele spermosphere. Dans ce systeme les exsudats d'une plante axenique de riz constituent l'unique source de carbone pour la croissance des bacteries. Le peuplement des bacteries fixatrices d'azote a ete evalue dans le sol de depart a 40 % de la microflore totale cultivable qui atteint 6,5 10 8 UFC (unites formant colonies) par gramme de sol sec. Douze souches fixatrices parmi les plus abondantes ont ete particulierement etudiees. Ces souches appartiennent a la nouvelle espece Burkholderia vietnamiensis. Elles ont une fixation d'azote adaptee aux bas pH. Le modele spermosphere a ete utilise pour comparer l'activite nitrogenasique de quatre isolats de B vietnamiensis et de six souches de collection appartenant aux genres Azospirillum et Enterobacter, isolees d'autres sols. La souche B vietnamiensis TVV75 s'est averee plus efficiente que toutes les autres souches testees (1 900 nmoles de C 2 H 4 tube -1 jour -1 ) exception faite de la souche MRB16 d'A lipoferum (isolee au Bangladesh). La souche TVV75 de B vietnamiensis avait ete retenue sur ce critere pour inoculer le riz au Viet-nam dans des essais montrant des augmentations de recolte.
Heritable allometric variation in bumble bees: opportunities for colony‐level selection of foraging ability

Different characters of an organism may be correlated if genes control the allometric relationship between them. If genetic variation exists for such genes then the allometric relation itself is potentially subject to change by selection. In social insects allometric relations represent colony‐level characters. If colonies differ in these relations and this variation leads to differential productivity among colonies, then selection on allometric relations can operate at the level of the colony. We assessed the extent of heritable, between‐colony variation for the allometric coefficients relating proboscis ( = glossa) length to wing length for two bumble bee species (Bombus huntii and B. occidentalis). We found that in both species colonies did not differ significantly in slope (b) but did differ significantly in intercept (a) of the regression of glossa length on wing length. Within‐colony variation of the intercept was estimated by randomly constituting groups of five workers from each colony and calculating the regression for each group. The intraclass correlation was then calculated from the between‐ and within‐colony mean squares. We found significant intraclass correlations in both species, giving heritabilities of 0.5 ± 0.3 in B. hunti and 0.7 ± 0.3 in B. occidentalis. If this allometric relation affects colony foraging success and foraging environments vary geographically, then the intercept should exhibit corresponding geographic variation. We tested this prediction by comparing intercepts calculated using wild‐caught B. vagans workers from Alberta, Ontario and Maine. We found that the intercepts did differ significantly between sites, with the bees from Alberta having a significantly smaller intercept than the bees from eastern North America. Our results illustrate the opportunity for selection on an allometric relation that directly affects the foraging success of individual bumble bee colonies.
Impact of Augmenting GRU Networks with Iterative and Direct Strategies for Traffic Speed Forecasting

In this paper, we report experimental results from augmenting Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) with multi-step-ahead strategies for trafﬁc speed prediction. For multi-step-ahead time series forecasting, researchers have applied MIMO, recursive, and direct strategies to machine learning methods in other domains. We applied the recursive and direct strategies to the GRU networks for predicting multi-step-ahead trafﬁc speed and compared the prediction errors with the GRU network without these strategies (i.e. MIMO strategy). Based on the results from the experiments, we found that the direct strategy and the MIMO strategy produce models with smaller error metrics as compared to the recursive strategy. The direct strategy is computationally very expensive, thus MIMO strategy, i.e. the GRU models without any strategy, is our preferred recommendation.
Characterisation and conservation programme of the Alberes cattle breed in Catalonia (Spain)

La raza Alberes es una poblacion bovina autoctona localizada en el Macizo de las Alberes (Noreste de Espana), en el extremo oriental de los Pirineos, y esta bien adaptada a la zona siendo capaz de aprovechar los recursos alimenticios de la zona, tanto herbaceos como forestales. Son animales de pequeno formato y rusticos, que viven en libertad todo el ano, con minimos contactos con las personas. Tradicionalmente se han descrito dos variedades de color de capa, la variedad Negra y la Fagina, aunque en los dos tipos predomina el alelo castano E+ del locus de extension. La raza Alberes se encuadra en el tronco Cantabrico, aunque otras razas han influido en esta poblacion a lo largo de su historia. Todas las hembras se guardan para reposicion. Los terneros machos son cebados a pesar del limitado potencial carnicero de esta raza. La edad al primer parto se situa entre los 3 y 4 anos. El ultimo censo (2007) de animales adultos con morfotipo Alberes ha arrojado un total de 138 hembras y 9 machos, lo cual situa a la poblacion en la categoria de raza en peligro de extincion de acuerdo con la clasificacion de la FAO. Por ello se ha iniciado recientemente un programa formal de conservacion que incluye la conservacion in situ mediante un programa de parentesco minimo e in vitro a traves de la crioconservacion de embriones y semen.
The Flora of the Prairies

PROBABLY the vegetation of no two adjoining regions, both of which are situated between the same parallels of latitude and at nearly the same height above the sea, presents greater differences than exist between the vegetation of the fertile prairies of the Mississippi Valley and the forest region that extends from their eastern border to the Atlantic coast. To one who has always lived amid the diversified scenery of the Eastern or Middle States, where distant mountains almost everywhere bound the view, and forestcrowned hills and cultivated valleys . so agreeably alternate as to dispel the possibility of monotony, a first view of the primitive prairies,-
GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION OF CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANES IN THE COURSE OF LIPOPROTEIN GRANULE SYNTHESIS IN THE HEPATIC CELL

The synthesis of "very low" density lipoprotein in liver cells is characterized by the fact that the synthesized products, mostly triglycerides, are processed in the form of discrete, size-limited granules or globules, about 400 A in diameter. The present investigation has been made possible in part by the use of a fixative (OsO4 in bidistilled H2O at pH 6.0, in the absence of electrolytes) particularly effective in preserving cytoplasmic membranes and lipids, and giving them high stainability and differential contrast. Under these technical conditions, the lipoprotein granules retain their morphology and high density to electrons practically unaltered, and may serve as tracers in determining their route of transport from the sites of synthesis, starting at the rough-smooth ER junctions, to the lumen of Golgi concentrating vesicles. From the observations, it may be deduced that, along with lipoprotein granule synthesis and transport, there are also production and transfer of new membranes in the form of tubular extensions of smooth ER network which, by progressive fusion and coalescence, participate in the elaboration of fenestrated plates and solid Golgi sacs. In contradistinction to the entire process of liver lipoprotein granule synthesis, transport, and segregation, as reported in the present paper, appears to constitute a developmental sequence which includes the following communicating compartments, in consecutive order: cisternae of rough ER where proteins and possibly phospholipids are synthesized, smooth ER network where triglycerides are synthesized and transported in the form of dense granules, fusion of smooth ER tubular extensions into Golgi fenestrated plates, and further coalescence into solid Golgi sacs, ending in the segregation of the granules in appended concentrating vesicles, or detached "secretory vesicles. " It seems that it is this progressive evolution in growth and configuration of membranes which is reflected in the so called polarity, from forming to mature faces, of the Golgi apparatus.
Agility of Security Practices and Agile Process Models: An Evaluation of Cost for Incorporating Security in Agile Process Models

Agile process models are widely used today for software development. There has been an immense increase in use of agile methodologies due to their major focus on delivering working software and accommodating changes in requirements. However, use of agile methodologies for developing secure systems still poses many challenges. This research, addresses the issue of observing the effect on agility of process models while security practices are applied in them. An approach is proposed which calculates level of agility of six agile process models (XP, Scrum, FDD, ASD, DSDM, and Crystal) and security practices against four fundamental parameters of agility. When security practices are applied to process models they lower the degree of agility. We propose a method to see this effect based on factor of agility and also that the degree of agility of process model can be adjusted at desired level by including or excluding security practices.
Excitation modes in spherical and transitional nuclei in A ∼ 130 mass region

The mass A ∼ 130 region (with Z ≥ 50 and N ≤ 82) has been an important region of study in contemporary nuclear physics. This region includes the shell model orbitals 0g7/2, 1d5/2, 1d3/2, 2s1/2 and 0h11/2 for both protons and neutrons. For nuclei near Sn (the heaviest, unstable neutron-rich doubly magic nucleus), the low-lying “single-particle excitation spectrum (angular momentum coupling of few nucleons)” can be explained using spherical shell model, with interactions known in this mass region. Such information is indispensable for the empirical estimation of the p-p, p-n and n-n matrix elements, a major component of the shell model interaction. Once these matrix elements are determined precisely from experiments, these can be used to predict and understand the proton-neutron configurations of the “vibrational (angular momentum coupling of vibrational core with valence quasiparticles)” and “rotational (angular momentum coupling of deformed core with valence quasiparticles)” bands in deformed nuclei, further away form Sn. There are theoretical predictions that in nuclei further away from Sn, the residual interactions among the valence nucleons in the h11/2 orbital result in ground-state triaxial deformation of the nucleus [1, 2]. Such nuclei exhibit exotic rotational modes like chirality and wobbling, the experimental information of which is sporadic in this mass region. Hence, to explore these features, the nuclei, viz. Te (Z = 52, N = 80), Te (Z = 52, N = 78), Cs (Z = 55, N = 78), Cs (Z = 55, N = 76)and La (Z = 55, N = 76) have been studied.
Clustering Partial Lexicographic Preference Trees

In this work, we consider distance-based clustering of partial lexicographic preference trees (PLP-trees), intuitive and compact graphical representations of user preferences over multi-valued attributes. To compute distances between PLP-trees, we propose a polynomial time algorithm that computes Kendall's Tau distance directly from the trees and show its efficacy compared to the brute-force algorithm. To this end, we implement several clustering methods (i.e., spectral clustering, affinity propagation, and agglomerative nesting) augmented by our distance algorithm, experiment with clustering of up to 10,000 PLP-trees, and show the effectiveness of the clustering methods and visualizations of their results.
A case study of mollusc and polychaete soft-bottom assemblages submitted to sedimentary instability in the Mediterranean Sea

In the Strait of Messina (Sicily, Central Mediterranean Sea) strong tidal currents, very irregular hydrological regime and related solid load, and local seismic activity cause sediment instability; this area represents therefore a case-study of a naturally disturbed soft-bottom environment. In this paper, mollusc and polychaete assemblages of the northern part of the Strait were described. Composition, community structure, eco-ethological features, trophic guilds and sediment-type relationships were studied in 64 stations sampled located between 3.5 and 50 m depth in October 1992 by means of a Van Veen grab. A total of 131 species (65 molluscs and 66 polychaetes) were identified. A dense population of the tubicolous polychaete Ditrupa arietina was recognized, together with the occurrence of other species tied to a high sedimentation rate, such as Corbula gibba and Tellina distorta, as well as widespread, mud-tolerant species (e.g.Chone spp., Hyalinoecia tubicola). Diversity (H′) showed a peak at intermediate depths (10/20 m) and a clear decrease beyond this depth, corresponding to the Ditrupa core population. Multivariate comparison between sediment features and community composition throughout the bathymetric gradient showed a narrow ecocline between two environments subjected to opposite hydrodynamic constraints. In the shallower zone, a wide typology of trophic-ethological guilds was related to community patchiness, in contrast to a greater functional uniformity of the deeper assemblage, dominated by sessile, semi-infaunal suspension feeders. A possible role played by a phase of increased rainfall to increase bottom instability, locally emphasized by a previous human activity, is also discussed.
From the Black Sea coast to Poland - an incredible journey of Monacha cartusiana O. F. Müller, 1774

Though Monacha cartusiana (O. F. Mull.) is known to expand its distribution range through accidental introductions, the migration routes are usually unknown. The story of an individual which covered a distance of about 1,500 km from the Crimea to Poland, attached to a car, is one of the few examples of a fully documented migration pathway.