Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The reading of passive UHF tags by RFID technology using a various combinations of antennas motorola AN480

The article deals with the measurement of the accuracy of the reading of passive UHF tags (ALN-9640, ALN- 9654, ALN-9662 and ALN-9629 from the company Alien) located on postal crates through RFID technology using various combinations of antennas Motorola AN480. The aim of the measurement was to compare the accuracy of the reading each tag and evaluate the utilization of individual antennas while loading tags under each option of using antennas. The measured results showed that the best reading accuracy was achieved with the involvement of only one antenna placed over the scanned postal crates compared to variant of the reading through side antennas or even all three antennas.
Estimation of Shallow Groundwater Recharge Using a Gis-Based Distributed Water Balance Model

Abstract In the paper we present the results of shallow groundwater recharge estimation using the WetSpass GISbased distributed water balance model. By taking into account WetSpass, which stands for Water an Energy Transfer between Soil, Plants and Atmosphere under quasi-Steady State, for average conditions during the period 1961-2000, we assessed the spatial conditions of the groundwater infiltration recharge process of shallow circulation systems in the Poznan Plateau area (the Great Poland Lowland in western Poland), which is classified as a region with observed water deficits. For three temporal variants, i.e. year, winter and summer half-years, we determined using the geological infiltration method by about 5-10% on average, marginally by 20%.
Train Timetable and Route Generation Using a Constraint-Based Approach

This paper describes research in modelling train timetable and route generation as a constraintsatisfaction problem (CSP). The key objective of this research is to design a constraint-based scheduling algorithm that can be used to generate a train timetable given headway requirements at different times of the day. The key constraint is to avoid track circuit or route contentions while maximising train utilisation. The objective of the scheduling algorithm is to determine how service levels can be increased without jeopardising passenger safety. This research investigated traffic at a train terminus where two types of trains are competing for the use of the same tracks; trains that are reversing and trains that are being dispatched from the depot. The contention problem is particularly serious during the rush hour train build-up. The current timetable and train routing are generated using two separate rule-based systems. However, due to the complexity of constraints involved, the current systems cannot generate a plan that can meet the desired service levels.
Challenges of News Policy in the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB): A Qualitative Study

Policy-making plays an important role in the sphere of public media and shapes the sphere of communications in any society. Study of the process of media policy and the way a proper policy could be made so to accomplish the goals, expectations and wishes is a necessary issue in the area of media studies. Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB), as a state media, is the largest source of information in Iran. The present paper aimed to analyze the backgrounds of news policy for presidential election in this state media using theme analysis and questionnaire method. Experts and specialists in the field of news and news policy and also the directors of IRIB were interviewed for collecting the required information. Analysis of collected data and information has been presented as prioritization of input news policies in this media, categories of news policymakers, and prioritization of long-term, mid-term, and short-term news policies in this media.
STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN INDUSTRIAL GLASSY CARBON AS A FUNCTION OF HEAT TREATMENT TEMPERATURE ACCORDING TO RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION DATA

Changes in the structure of glassy carbon as a function of heat treatment temperature is investigated by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements. It is shown that the glassy carbon samples studied can be described as poorly ordered turbostratic nanographite. An increase in temperature leads to some ordering with preservation of the general structural motif. Based on spectroscopic evidence, graphene sheet curvature in the high-temperature glassy carbon samples is suggested.
A biotechnological approach to mitigate green house gas emissions from coal mine ventilation air in Australia

Coal mines are the second largest contributor of anthropogenic methane (CH4) emissions with an estimated emission of around 5-30 Tg CH4 year-1. Considering the global warming potential of CH4 (~ 25 times that of CO2 over a 100 year period), developing a unique technology to mitigate the low levels of CH4 (0.2-5 %) emissions especially coming from coal mine ventilation air is highly important for countries with considerable coal reserves like Australia. A research project "Bioremediation of methane from mine ventilation air" jointly funded by the Advanced Manufacturing Cooperative Research Centres (AMCRC) and MBD Energy Ltd., Australia, aims to develop a dual culture system to convert CH4 into green fuels using indigenous bacteria and cyanobacteria in novel bioreactors. Methanotrophic bacteria are capable of metabolizing CH4 into CO2 under optimized bioreactor conditions. Subsequently, the CO2 can be converted into oxygen (O2) by cyanobacteria resulting in biomass generation for biofuel production. This study is the first of its kind in developing such novel bioreactors to implement at commercial sites after vigorous laboratory testings/optimization to mitigate both CH4 and CO2. Further, this technology is readily transferable to other CH4 generating industries like landfills, anaerobic composting systems and dairy farms. In addition, successful implementation allows claiming of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) benefits for carbon capturing in Australia and other parts of the world.
Complicated workpiece shape machining using optimal target shape position and orientation on a multifunctional machine tool

In the area of machining, it is well known that complex machine tool motions may cause unexpected collisions between a workpiece and machine tool elements including a jig. Such collisions can damage or even destroy the workpiece, cutting tool or machine tool (Abele and Korff, 2011). Therefore, in order to realize highly efficient machining, it is necessary to use a machine simulator prior to machining operations to detect and avoid potential collisions. On the other hand, the manufacturing industry switched to high-mix low-volume production, and it is also necessary to cut production lead-time and costs. Thus, multifunctional machine tools that allow the integration of traditional machining and other manufacturing operations such as additive manufacturing (AM) have recently been developed to satisfy these demands. However, it is difficult to predict and control workpiece shapes created by AM correctly, and collisions can occur on a multifunctional machine tool due to differences between the 3D model prepared in advance and the actual object. Although several previous studies have investigated collision detection and avoidance (Lacharnay, et al., 2015; Watanabe, et al., 2017) by modifying tool trajectories and using machine simulation, they have not considered the differences of workpiece shape that may induce collisions. Additionally, machining efficiency may decrease when NC program is generated based on a 3D model different from the actual object. Thus, this study aims to realize highly efficient machining of complicated workpiece shapes corresponding to an actual workpiece shape as created by AM. This study utilizes a 3D model created based on on-machine measurement by
Optical Properties of Biomass Burning Aerosols: Comparison of Experimental Measurements and T-Matrix Calculations

The refractive index (RI) is an important parameter in describing the radiative impacts of aerosols. It is important to constrain the RI of aerosol components, since there is still significant uncertainty regarding the RI of biomass burning aerosols. Experimentally measured extinction cross-sections, scattering cross-sections, and single scattering albedos for white pine biomass burning (BB) aerosols under two different burning and sampling conditions were modeled using T-matrix theory. The refractive indices were extracted from these calculations. Experimental measurements were conducted using a cavity ring-down spectrometer to measure the extinction, and a nephelometer to measure the scattering of size-selected aerosols. BB aerosols were obtained by burning white pine using (1) an open fire in a burn drum, where the aerosols were collected in distilled water using an impinger, and then re-aerosolized after several days, and (2) a tube furnace to directly introduce the BB aerosols into an indoor smog chamber, where BB aerosols were then sampled directly. In both cases, filter samples were also collected, and electron microscopy images were used to obtain the morphology and size information used in the T-matrix calculations. The effective radius of the particles collected on filter media from the open fire was approximately 245 nm, whereas it was approximately 76 nm for particles from the tube furnace burns. For samples collected in distilled water, the real part of the RI increased with increasing particle size, and the imaginary part decreased. The imaginary part of the RI was also significantly larger than the reported values for fresh BB aerosol samples. For the particles generated in the tube furnace, the real part of the RI decreased with particle size, and the imaginary part was much smaller and nearly constant. The RI is sensitive to particle size and sampling method, but there was no wavelength dependence over the range considered (500–680 nm). Our values for the RI of fresh (white pine) biomass burning aerosols ranged from 1.33 + i0.008 to 1.74 + i0.008 for 200-nm, 300-nm, and 400-nm diameter particles. These are within the range of RI values in the most recent study conducted during the Fire Laboratory at Missoula Experiments (FLAME I and II), which were 1.55 to 1.80 for the real part, and 0.01–0.50 for the imaginary part, for fresh BB aerosols with diameters of 200–570 nm. There is no clear trend on the dependence of the RI values on particle size. The RI values derived from measurements of aerosols produced from the combustion of hydrocarbons and diesel cannot be used for BB aerosols.
Clouds Motion Estimation from Ground-Based Sky Camera and Satellite Images

Estimation of cloud motion is a challenging task due to the non-linear phenomena of cloud formation and deformation. Satellite images processing is a popular tool used to study the characteristics of clouds which constitute major factors in forecasting the meteorological parameters. Due to the low resolution of satellite images, researchers have turned towards analyzing the high-resolution images captured by ground-based sky cameras. The first objective of this chapter is to demonstrate the different techniques used to estimate clouds motion and to compare them with respect to the accuracy and the computational time. The second aim is to propose a fast and efficient block matching technique based on combining the two types of images. The first idea of our approach is to analyze the low-resolution satellite images to detect the direction of motion. Then, the direction is used to orient the search process to estimate the optimal motion vectors from the high-resolution ground-based sky images. The second idea of our method is to use the entropy technique to find the optimal block sizes. The third idea is to imply an adaptive cost function to perform the matching process. The comparative study demon-strates the high performance of the proposed method with regards to the robustness, the accuracy and the computation time.
Genetic analysis of demography and selection in Lyrate rockcress (Arabidopsis lyrata) populations

Demographic history and selection affect patterns of genetic diversity in nature. Timing of growth, reproduction and dormancy are important traits targeted by natural selection, because they are crucial for survival of plants growing in boreal and temperate climates, as reproduction must occur when conditions are favorable and in outcrossing plants it must be synchronized to assure pollination. In addition to adaptation to local environments, evolutionarily diverged populations may contain genomic incompatibilities that result in sterile hybrids in crosses between populations. In several plant families within population crosses can also lead to male sterile progeny, because of conflict between maternally and bi-parentally inherited genomes. In this thesis I used DNA-sequence data to estimate the demographic history of nine Arabidopsis lyrata populations and present genetic variation in some key flowering time genes, evolution of which natural selection has shaped. By crossing experiments I explored genetics of reproductive fitness in hybrids between divergent populations. I found that local climatic conditions have resulted in directional selection in addition to the demographic effects of bottlenecks during colonization events. Flowering time genes have reduced diversity compared to reference loci, which indicates selective sweeps. Selection on nucleotide variation in flowering time genes was found in Scandinavian and Icelandic populations that can be explained by selective sweeps at flowering genes when these populations colonized northern habitats after the last glacial maximum. Cryptic cytoplasmic male sterility was found in a Norwegian population, for which North Carolinian population did not have fertility restorers. It was confirmed that there is only one fertility restorer locus, the genomic location of which was mapped to a 600 kb interval at the top of chromosome two.
Effect of commercial Adaptogen preparations of Withania somnifera, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Echinacea species on fertility of Caenorhabditis elegans

Physiological stress is one major environmental factor that influences fertility and longevity. Stress management has been shown to improve both fertility and longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). C. elegans is commonly used as an in vivo model of human diseases such as stress and used in pharmaceutical research. Adaptogens are plant species that contain phytochemicals that assist the body via the HPA axis and heat shock proteins to manage stress, with species including; Withania (W. somnifera), Siberian Ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus), and Echinacea (E. purpurea, E. angustifolia). Stress reduction, fertility and longevity and thought to be inter-connected. In this study commercial extracts of four adaptogens were exposed to wild-type C. elegans worms (N2) at dosages suggested for human use and adjusted for the live weight of the worms. The worms were grown at 20 oC using ‘C. elegans Habitation and Reproduction media (CeHR) until the worms reproduced (21 days L4 stage). Treatment with all adaptogens mentioned significantly improved fecundity compared to control by 186%, 164%, 169% and 205% with W. somnifera, E. senticosus, with Echinacea Regular, and Echinacea Premium, respectively. A positive association exists between fertility and longevity, and thus these practitioner adaptogenic formulas display potential for fertility and anti-aging therapies with further research required to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which these changes in fertility and longevity occur.
Why the Attitude?

Department of Economics School of Business, Economics & Law University of Gothenburg In 2013, congestion charge was implemented in Gothenburg after a decision taken by the local politicians. The public reactions have been many and loud, which have fostered the on-going discussion of a public referendum. This highlights the importance of public acceptability when implementing a policy that aims at dealing with negative externalities, such as congestion and pollution. By using ex-ante data from a survey sent to car owners in the region, this thesis aims at analysing if expected effects of the scheme and the self-image of being environmentally concerned are more determining for attitudes than socio-economic factors, as suggested by studies in other cities. The results indicate that attitudes are impacted the most by expectations about the effects of the scheme, the complexity of the scheme, whether it is considered unfair, if the respondent drives a car and to some extent, the stated environmental interest. This implies that the most important policy implication in order for policy-makers to achieve acceptance, is to provide the public with information that emphasises the positive effects of the charge. Supervisor: Jessica Coria
PENENTUAN AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN TUMBUHAN Melochia umbellata (Houtt.) Stapf var. Degrabrata K. (PALIASA) TERHADAP Malassezia furfur DAN Candida albicans

The determination of antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur from Melochia umbellate leaves extract and the isolation of plant secondary metabolites have been done. The extraction and isolation were done by maceration using methanol solvent, and then partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The fractionation process of the chloroform extract of steroid compounds produced by UV-Vis spectroscopy, IR and Liebermann-Burchard test. The result of antifungal on n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts at the concentration of 1250 ppm, 2500 ppm, 5000 ppm, and 10000 ppm with the MIC 1,25 mg/mL. The biggest resistant belong to n-heksan extracts was 12,05 mm against Malassezia furfur and 19,70 mm against Candida albicans. While the water extract was use the concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% v/v not able to inhibit the growth of fungi.
Pottery and Chronology at Angel

By analyzing the pottery found at a well-known archaeological site, Hilgeman constructs the long-awaited timeline for the rise and decline of this ancient society.Located near present-day Evansville, Indiana, the Angel site is one of the important archaeological towns associated with prehistoric Mississippian society. More than two million artifacts were collected from this site during excavations from 1939 to 1989, but, until now, no systematic survey of the pottery sherds had been conducted. This volume, documenting the first in-depth analysis of Angel site pottery, also provides scholars of Mississippian culture with a chronology of this important site. Angel is generally thought to have been occupied from before A.D. 1200 to 1450, but scholars have been forced to treat this period as one chronological unit without any sense of the growth and decline of the society that occupied it. Using radiocarbon assays and an analysis of its morphological and stylistic attributes of pottery, Sherri Hilgeman is able to divide the occupation of Angel into a series of recognizable stages. She then correlates those stages with similar ones at other archaeological excavations especially nearby Kincaid making it possible to compare Angel society with other native cultures of the lower Ohio Valley. Through this important contribution to native pottery studies, Hilgeman opens a window into the lifeways of prehistoric Angel society and places that society in the larger context of Mississippian culture. "
VALIDATION OF A SEMI-AUTOMATED CLASSIFICATION APPROACH FOR URBAN GREEN STRUCTURE

Municipalities in Norway need to develop an urban green structure plan. Traditional mapping has its limitation, since the land use is in focus and not the actual land cover. This study evaluated the appropriateness of using multispectral Quickbird images for the semi-automated mapping of green structures in urban and suburban areas. A Quickbird image of Oslo from 2 June 2008 was used. A classification algorithm was implemented in Definiens Developer. The algorithm was applied to the whole image, and tested on six randomly selected subsets. The validation was performed by manual editing of the classification result. The main focus of the editing process was to detect misclassifications between grey areas (such as roads and buildings) and green areas (trees, grass, and sparse vegetation). The most striking problem with the automated method was that the object borders were very rugged. However, these segmentation problems were to some extent ignored in the evaluation process, concentrating on correcting major parts of objects being misclassified rather than correcting all minor segmentation inaccuracies. The classification step had approximately 9% misclassification rate in the two-class problem grey area versus green area. This is a very good basis for further improvement. The obvious segmentation problems are clearly the first things to address when further improving the method. Another problem is to what extent the automated method can be used on other images with different light conditions, e.g., with the presence of clouds or light haze and another solar elevation. Will a simple retraining of the classification rules be sufficient, or will the rules have to be redesigned? It could even happen that redesigning the rules is not sufficient, so that other methods have to be developed.
Breakfast consumption association with body status and physical activity among female university students

Breakfast consumption is associated with many benefits, including behavioural, cognitive, and affective aspects of individuals. Young adults, especially female university/college students frequently failed to meet the prescription of nutritional intake and often skip meals particularly breakfast. Thus, this present study was aimed to investigate the associations of breakfast consumption with body status and level of physical activity among female university students. A total of 165 female university students, mean aged 21.9 ± 1.5 years from Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam, Malaysia voluntarily took part in this study. Body weight, height, waist circumference and body fat percentages were measured using the standard procedures. The odd ratios were calculated to compare in level of physical activity between skippers and non-skippers. Findings revealed that breakfast consumption was not significantly associated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences and physical activity level. Conversely, the results showed that breakfast consumption was significantly associated with body fat percentages (%BF) (p<0.05; p=0.006). The results show that skippers were more likely (OR: 1.6; 95% CI) never do mild exercise or do mild exercise for less half an hour per day (56.5%) compared to non-skippers (43.5%) even though the data did not meet the statistical significant. Among the respondents, skippers (56.5%) were more likely (OR: 1.6; 95% CI) who spend time less half an hour in moderate exercise than non-skippers (43.5%). Also, the data indicates that non-skippers (53.3%) were more likely (OR: 2.4 times) to do moderate exercise of more than half an hour rather than skippers (46.7%). Skippers (65.3%) tend to do more strenuous exercise of less than half an hour (OR: 5.3; 95% CI) compared to non-skippers (34.7%). Emphasizing the importance of eating breakfast may lead university students to have better healthy lifestyles, improve academic achievement and prevent obesity crisis among young adults.