Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OPTICAL COLORS OF INTRACLUSTER LIGHT IN THE VIRGO CLUSTER CORE

We continue our deep optical imaging survey of the Virgo cluster using the CWRU Burrell Schmidt telescope by presenting B-band surface photometry of the core of the Virgo cluster in order to study the cluster's intracluster light (ICL). We find ICL features down to μB ≈29 mag arcsec−2, confirming the results of Mihos et al., who saw a vast web of low surface brightness streams, arcs, plumes, and diffuse light in the Virgo cluster core using V-band imaging. By combining these two data sets, we are able to measure the optical colors of many of the cluster's low surface brightness features. While much of our imaging area is contaminated by galactic cirrus, the cluster core near the cD galaxy, M87, is unobscured. We trace the color profile of M87 out to over 2000″, and find a blueing trend with radius, continuing out to the largest radii. Moreover, we have measured the colors of several ICL features which extend beyond M87's outermost reaches and find that they have similar colors to the M87's halo itself, B − V ≈0.8. The common colors of these features suggest that the extended outer envelopes of cD galaxies, such as M87, may be formed from similar streams, created by tidal interactions within the cluster, that have since dissolved into a smooth background in the cluster potential.
Sound source localization system based on planar microphone array

Array features are investigated and a geometric optimized planar array of 64 microphone elements is proposed.The microphone elements are distributed along 8 helixes,and the proposed planar array possesses narrower main-lobe and lower side-lobes.Based on this optimized planar array,a source localization system is developed.The feature and performance of the proposed source localization system are evaluated and analyzed based on the data recorded in a semi-anechoic chamber.Beam-forming algorithm is used in the source localization system.Simulations and experiments are carried out to validate the effectiveness of this microphone array in source localization.
Health Effects Associated with Wastewater Treatment, Disposal, and Reuse

wastewater was done nation-wide in Japan as a result of an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in Ogose in 1996 (Suwa and Suzuki 2001). Evaluation of the wastewater treatment showed a two log cyst removal with an activated sludge process and an additional one log removal with coagulant dosing. The effects of different sewage treatments on the viral contamination in rivers that receive water from treatment plants without final sand filtration were investigated and shown to be contaminated with bacteriophage and human enteric viruses. Viral contamination and bacteriophages were correlated, but viral contamination and fecal indicators were not et al., 2001).
Resource allocation for interference management in wireless networks

Interference in wireless networks is a major problem that impacts system performance quite substantially. Combined with the fact that the spectrum is limited and scarce, the performance and reliability of wireless systems significantly deteriorates and, hence, communication sessions are put at the risk of failure. In an attempt to make transmissions resilient to interference and, accordingly, design robust wireless systems, a diverse set of interference mitigation techniques are investigated in this dissertation. Depending on the rationale motivating the interfering node, interference can be divided into two categories, communication and jamming. For communication interference such as the interference created by legacy users (e.g., primary user transmitters in a cognitive radio network) at non-legacy or unlicensed users (e.g., secondary user receivers), two mitigation techniques are presented in this dissertation. One exploits permutation trellis codes combined with M -ary frequency shift keying in order to make SU transmissions resilient to PUs’ interference, while the other utilizes frequency allocation as a mitigation technique against SU interference using Matching theory. For jamming interference, two mitigation techniques are also investigated here. One technique exploits time and structures a jammer mitigation framework through an automatic repeat request protocol. The other one utilizes power and, following a game-theoretic framework, employs a defense strategy against jamming based on a strategic power allocation. Superior performance of all of the proposed mitigation techniques is shown via numerical results. RESOURCE ALLOCATION FOR INTERFERENCE MANAGEMENT IN WIRELESS NETWORKS
Mechanisms of calcium-dependent neurotransmission in photoreceptors

Rod and cone photoreceptors initiate vision by transforming light into graded membrane voltage changes that in turn dictate the rate of continuous Ca2+-dependent neurotransmission to postsynaptic neurons. Continuous release relies on synaptic ribbons at photoreceptor active zones, which organize exocytotic proteins and deliver vesicles to release sites near voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Individual cones possess multiple ribbon synapses at which they contact postsynaptic neurons. We examined heterogeneity in signaling at individual ribbon synapses in salamander cones by measuring the voltage dependence of Ca2+ currents (ICa) and Ca2+ influx at individual ribbon release sites. Ca2+ signals at individual ribbons varied more in amplitude and voltage of halfmaximal activation (V50) than whole-cell ICa, suggesting that Ca2+ signals differ significantly between individual ribbons within cones. The ability of ribbons to function independently was further demonstrated by showing that inhibitory feedback from individual horizontal cells (HCs) affected Ca2+ dynamics at certain ribbons but not others within a single cone. Individual ribbon synapses operating independently from one another broadens the range of transformations available to cones in the transmission of light responses to downstream neurons. Rods and cones release vesicles with higher sensitivity and a shallower exponential relationship to presynaptic Ca2+ than most neurons. These characteristics are typically attributed to properties of the vesicular Ca2+ sensor that triggers release. By conditionally deleting Synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1) from rods and cones, we show that Syt1 is the chief Ca2+ sensor that operates in mouse photoreceptors. Removal of Syt1 reduced b-waves but not a-waves of the electroretinogram (ERG) and diminished fast exocytosis evoked by brief depolarizing steps as evaluated by single-cell recordings. Slower and spontaneous forms of release were not eliminated, suggesting that other Ca2+ sensors are also present. Synaptic anatomy was unaltered in Syt1 mutant mice, suggesting that synapse development and maintenance occur in a Syt1-independent manner. Our results indicate that Syt1 is essential for the transmission of light responses across photoreceptor synapses and suggest that the Ca2+ dependence of release can be shaped by factors other than the intrinsic properties of the Ca2+ sensor.
Emerging Transparent Electrodes Based on Thin Films of Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, and Metallic Nanostructures

Transparent electrodes are a necessary component in many modern devices such as touch screens, LCDs, OLEDs, and solar cells, all of which are growing in demand. Traditionally, this role has been well served by doped metal oxides, the most common of which is indium tin oxide, or ITO. Recently, advances in nano‐materials research have opened the door for other transparent conductive materials, each with unique properties. These include CNTs, graphene, metal nanowires, and printable metal grids. This review will explore the materials properties of transparent conductors, covering traditional metal oxides and conductive polymers initially, but with a focus on current developments in nano‐material coatings. Electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of each material will be discussed, as well as suitability for various applications.
Study on enterprise knowledge integration based on ontology

Enterprise integration method is proposed to solve the problem that there are a great lot of distributed heterogeneous knowledge sources. Key technologies ,such as knowledge need and multi-ontology management are discussed in the paper. Application to a certain aeronautic institute shows the method can solve the problem of enterprise knowledge heterogeneity availably.
A novel surface rendering algorithm for 3D reconstruction of medical images

This paper implements a novel surface rendering algorithm for three-dimensional reconstruction of medical images. Traditional Marching Cubes (MC) algorithm shows limits for isosurface extraction by using surface configurations of a cube, because it costs much time to detect null cube when abstracting an isosurface. This has an important effect on the reconstruction speed. To overcome the problem, an improved MC algorithm based on image segmentation is proposed. It uses segmented images as input, aiming at reducing the time of detecting null cube and finding out those cubes crossed by the isosurface as soon as possible. Extensive experiments show that the efficiency of three-dimensional reconstruction can be improved a lot by using the novel algorithm.
Web 2.0 matters: An analysis of implementing web 2.0 in the classroom

Web 2.0 tools are collaborative Internet applications that allow for facilitation of communications between individuals and organizations. Examples of Web 2.0 tools include blogs, wikis, Second Life, and social networking. This manuscript reviews classroom implementation of Web 2.0 tools at three Northeastern US universities. The importance of Web 2.0 instruction is examined via literature review and pre and post class testing of the students involved in the courses. It was found that knowledge of Web 2.0 skills is generally regarded as being very important. Students who took the course and were educated on Web 2.0 skills increased both their knowledge and comfort level after the course. A detailed analysis of student perceptions both prior to taking the course and after instruction are reviewed.
EFFICACY OF THREE BACKWARD MASKING SIGNALS

Increased backward masking has been correlated with Auditory Processing Disorders (APD). An efficacious test of the backward masking function that is compatible with naïve listeners could have clinical utility in diagnosing APDs. In order to determine an appropriate probe for such a test, three 20-ms signal-types were compared for ease-oftask. Response times (RT) were taken as a proxy for ease-of-task. Seven participants used a method-of-adjustment to track threshold in the presence of a 50-ms broadbandGausian-noise backward-masker. The signal-types yielded two comparisons: Linear risefall on a 1000Hz sine-wave versus a “chirp” (750 Hz-4000Hz); Linear rise-fall vs Blackman gating function on a 1000Hz sine-wave. The results suggest that signal-type is a significant factor in participant response time and hence, confidence. Moreover, the contribution of signal-type to RT is not confounded by any potential interaction terms, such as inter-stimulus interval (ISI). The signal-type that yielded the quickest RTs across all participants, ISIs, and intensity levels was the 20-ms, 1000 Hz sine-wave fitted with a trapezoidal gating function. This may be the most efficacious signal-type to serve as a probe in a clinical test of backward masking.
PRESSURE-INDUCED PHASE TRANSITION IN PRALO3

PrAlO3 is shown to undergo a rhombohedral (R3c) to orthorhombic (Imma) phase transition upon application of pressures of up to 9.1 GPa. The structures in both phases have been refined from high-resolution synchrotron diffraction data. The structure initially evolves toward a higher-symmetry structure as the pressure is increased before ultimately undergoing a first-order transition to a lower-symmetry orthorhombic structure. This behavior appears to be related to the change in the tilting of the AlO6 groups.
A MATLAB software tool for the introduction of speech coding fundamentals in a DSP course

An educational software tool on speech coding is presented. Portions of this program are used in our senior-level DSP class at Arizona State University to expose undergraduate students to speech coding and present speech analysis/synthesis as an application paradigm for many DSP fundamental concepts. The simulation software provides an interactive environment that allows students to investigate and understand speech coding algorithms for a variety of input speech records. Time- and frequency-domain representations of input and reconstructed speech can be graphically displayed and played back on a PC equipped with a standard 16-bit sound card. The program has been developed for use in the MATLAB* environment and includes implementations of the FS-1015 LPC-10e, the FS-1016 CELP, the ETSI GSM, the IS-54 VSELP, the G.721 ADPCM, the G.722 subband, and the G.728 LD-CELP speech coding algorithms, integrated under a common graphical interface.
Study on the Prediction for Link traffic Flow Based on Weekly Similarity

Based on the observation of strong weekly similarity of link traffic flow data, this paper decomposes the link daily traffic flow into two parts: daily traffic profile and daily traffic level, and decomposes the daily traffic profile into class profile and disturbance The discharge principle in circuits is adopted to build up a link traffic prediction model The experiments results shows that it is reasonable to decompose the link traffic and use the discharge principle to build up that model The method proposed in this paper has some advantages such as less burden of computation and using less history data, so it is valuable to be used in engineering practice
Multi-focus Image Fusion Based on Region Acutance

In order to get a clear image that contains all relevant objects in an area,this paper proposes a new multi-focus image fusion algorithm.It divides the candidate images into small blocks,and constructs the blocks region acutance function to evaluate image definition.What source images the fused block obtains from depends on the region acutance value of the corresponding block.In the endgame,consistency of the fused images is verified by means of voting,and the adjacent blocks from different candidate images are weighted and fused.Experimental results prove that this algorithm is faster and more precise than traditional wavelet-based fusion.
Privacy Preserving Clustering by Isometric Transformation

This paper is concentrated on the issue of protecting the underlying attribute values when sharing data for clustering and proposes a method called Isometric-Based Transformation(IBT). IBT selects the attribute pairs and then distorts them with isometric transformation.In the process of transformation,the goal is to find the proper angle ranges to satisfy the least privacy preserving requirement and then randomly choose one angle θ in this interval.The experiments demonstrate that the method efficiently distorts attribute values,preserves privacy information and guarantees valid clustering results.
The Effects of Demographic, Internal and External University Environment Factors on Faculty Job Satisfaction in Vietnam.

University faculty members with higher job satisfaction are more productive, creative and positive attitude towards their job. Even less is known about university faculty job satisfaction in developing countries like Vietnam. This study examines the effects of demographic, internal and external university environment factors on faculty job satisfaction in Vietnamese higher education. The study investigated 200 faculty members working in the five member colleges of Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City. The results showed that most respondents were satisfied with their jobs, and that faculty job satisfaction varied with age and discipline. The present study also found that job satisfaction was significantly influenced by demographic and internal and external university environment factors. The study’s implications for university management are also discussed.
A PHR system with policy-based fine-grained access control and revocation mechanism

Collaborative sharing of information is becoming much more needed technique to achieve complex goals in today's fast-paced tech-dominant world. Personal Health Record (PHR) system has become a popular research area for sharing patients informa- tion very quickly among health professionals. PHR systems store and process sensitive information, which should have proper security mechanisms to protect patients' private data. Thus, access control mechanisms of the PHR should be well-defined. Secondly, PHRs should be stored in encrypted form. Cryptographic schemes offering a more suitable solution for enforcing access policies based on user attributes are needed for this purpose. Attribute-based encryption can resolve these problems, we propose a patient-centric framework that protects PHRs against untrusted service providers and malicious users. In this framework, we have used Ciphertext Policy Attribute Based Encryption scheme as an efficient cryptographic technique, enhancing security and privacy of the system, as well as enabling access revocation. Patients can encrypt their PHRs and store them on untrusted storage servers. They also maintain full control over access to their PHR data by assigning attribute-based access control to selected data users, and revoking unauthorized users instantly. In order to evaluate our system, we implemented CP-ABE library and web services as part of our framework. We also developed an android application based on the framework that allows users to register into the system, encrypt their PHR data and upload to the server, and at the same time authorized users can download PHR data and decrypt it. Finally, we present experimental results and performance analysis. It shows that the deployment of the proposed system would be practical and can be applied into practice.
Platelet-neutrophil crosstalk and netosis

Neutrophils and platelets are among the most numerous cells in the blood and their function is tightly interconnected. Both are considered to be terminally differentiated effector cells with specific tasks. However, over the recent years it is increasingly recognized that both can only fulfill their functions in inflammation and thrombosis in a mutual, reinforcing interplay, where platelet activation serves as the initial trigger for a vicious circle. This review will focus on the interface between platelets and neutrophils, which is now accepted as a central driving force of immunothrombosis. Whereas thrombosis is defined as vessel occlusion due to activation of platelets and the coagulation system, immunothrombosis refers to thrombosis as an intrinsic element of innate immunity.
Intelligent Planning for Mobile Robotics: Algorithmic Approaches

Robotics is an ever-expanding field and intelligent planning continues to play a major role. Given that the intention of mobile robots is to carry out tasks independent from human aid, robot intelligence is needed to make and plan out decisions based on various sensors. Planning is the fundamental activity that implements this intelligence into the mobile robots to complete such tasks. Understanding problems, challenges, and solutions to path planning and how it fits in is important to the realm of robotics.Intelligent Planning for Mobile Robotics: Algorithmic Approaches presents content coverage on the basics of artificial intelligence, search problems, and soft computing approaches. This collection of research provides insight on both robotics and basic algorithms and could serve as a reference book for courses related to robotics, special topics in AI, planning, applied soft computing, applied AI, and applied evolutionary computing. It is an ideal choice for research students, scholars, and professors alike.
Survey and Analysis of Recent Sentiment Analysis Schemes Relating to Social Media

Objectives: Sentiment analysis from the online web and social media contents is an important research and applications field for the organizations, businesses, and political and social life issues; in the business world sentiment analysis provides a clear picture of both quality and user satisfaction about the products, services or an event. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: Extraction of the information from the web, classification and prediction of the sentiment polarity is a complex process which performed through various approaches like Part-Of-Speech Tagging (POST), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and so on. In this paper, the efficient sentiment analysis schemes that introduced in the recent years are discussed and analyzed in order to understand the novel ideas behind these methodologies. Findings: This paper also highlights the advantages and disadvantages of the analyzed methodologies with the objective of determining the efficiency of the sentiment analysis schemes. Finally the sentiment analysis schemes have been compared in terms of performance evaluation metrics with respect to the social media contents. Thus this paper work provides a detailed analysis of the recent sentiment analysis schemes and throws light on new avenues for future research work in this domain.
Applying Natural Language Processing Techniques to an Assessment of Student Conceptual Understanding

This work-in-progress briefly surveys a selection of open-source Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools and investigates their utility to the qualitative researcher. These NLP tools are widely used in the field of lexical analysis, which is concerned with automating the generation of useful information from human language using a variety of machine processes. Recent research shows that the statistical analysis of software recognized linguistic features can benchmark certain mental processes, such as cognitive load. This investigation generates those linguistic indicators using transcripts from a multi-year, interview based study and compares them to a qualitative analysis of a subject’s conceptual understanding of various engineering topics. Our intermediary findings indicate a correlation between changes in the linguistic indicators introduced in this paper and a qualitatively coded analysis of conceptual understanding over time. Future work will involve increasing the breadth of the dataset to further establish the fidelity of this approach and expand on the premise of using automatically generated linguistic indicators to aid the qualitative researcher.
Software Testing of Parallel Programming Frameworks

Parallel programming frameworks rapidly evolve to meet the performance demands of High Performance Computing (HPC) applications and the concurrent evolution of supercomputing class system architectures. To meet this demand, standards and specifications that outline the semantics and required capabilities of parallel programming models are being developed by committees of government and industry experts and then implemented by third parties. OpenMP and MPI are particularly prominent examples of such programming models and specifications, and are in common use in the HPC world. Comprehensive testing is required to be sure that any given implementation adheres to the published standard. The type and degree of testing depends on the goals of the developers. In particular, commercial implementations developed by companies for specialized applications (like HPC) will have much more stringent requirements than those for general applications.
Throughput analysis in multi-hop wireless sensor networks

A first step towards getting a quantitative insight into the throughput for wireless sensor network was repre-sented and showed that the throughput in the network with one-dimensional chain routing follows similar simple har-monic oscillation with the number of nodes increasing,and converges to the fixed value at last.The proposed analytical mode has been verified by NS-2 simulator with different traffic parameters.