Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WALL HEAT FLUX PARTITIONING ANALYSIS FOR SUBCOOLED FLOW BOILING OF WATER-ETHANOL MIXTURE IN CONVENTIONAL CHANNEL

In the present study, heat transfer coefficient of water-ethanol mixture in the subcooled boiling region is determined in a rectangular conventional channel (Channel size ≥3 mm). When the heat flux and mass flux increase it is observed that heat transfer coefficient increases. But the effect of heat flux is significant when compared with that of mass flux in the subcooled boiling region. It is found that maximum and minimum heat transfer coefficient are observed for mixture with 25% Ethanol volume fraction and 75% Ethanol volume fraction respectively. Wall heat flux partitioning analyses is carried out for mixture with different ethanol volume to determine the contribution of heat flux towards convection, agitation and evaporation. It is also found that heat flux due to convection decreases with increase in heat flux at partial and fully developed nucleate boiling heat regions for all volume fractions. The heat flux determined from the partitioning analysis are lower than the experimentally determined heat flux values at the partial nucleate boiling region and are higher at the fully developed boiling region.
A time‐adaptive Dirichlet‐Neumann waveform relaxation method for coupled heterogeneous heat equations

We introduce a time adaptive multirate method based on the Dirichlet‐Neumann waveform relaxation (DNWR) algorithm for the simulation of two coupled linear heat equations with strong jumps in the material coefficients across the interface. Numerical results are included to illustrate the advantages of the time adaptive approach over the multirate approach and the robustness of the multirate DNWR method with respect to its sibling, the multirate Neumann‐Neumann waveform relaxation (NNWR) method introduced in a previous work [3].
Leverage effect in high-frequency data with market microstructure

The leverage eﬀect is an important explanation for volatility asymmetry, which has got extensively attention in the recent years. In this paper, we introduces a new estimator of leverage eﬀect. The key feature of the proposed estimator is explored in the setting when the microstructure noise model is the parameter function of trading information. The proposed estimator shows good statistical performances via theorems and simulations study. Specially, the estimator has a convergence rate n 1 / 4 . The QQ-Plots, Histogram plots and quartiles perform suﬃcient asymptotical normality compared with the exist estimated methods. An empirical study is carried out to demonstrate that the proposed estimator could present the eﬃcient application value, and conﬁrm that the leverage eﬀect plays an important role in forecasting volatility.
Two-degree-of-freedom compensator design for disturbance attenuation problem via higher order sinusoidal input describing functions theory

In order to deal with disturbance attenuation problem in the presence of norm bounded uncertainties, different techniques involving H 2 / H ∞ and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) designs exist in literature. The major drawbacks of these approaches may be classified as obtaining controllers with high order terms and too much computational load during the controller design. Hence, two-degree-of freedeom (2-DOF) controller design is taken into consideration in this study in order to avoid some of these drawbacks in the controller design and implementation process for disturbance attenuation problem. Here, the procedure for the design of 2-DOF structure is divided into two parts: designing H ∞ controller to stabilize the closed loop system and implementing a higher order sinusoidal input describing functions (HOSIDF)-based compensator as a secondary controller in order to increase the disturbance attenuation performance of the overall closed loop system where the norm bounded uncertainties already exist. Thanks to the Lur’e type system definition that is also used in the design process of HOSIDF compensator, the research also proves that the proposed 2-DOF design structure is suitable to be implemented into the systems involving nonlinearities such as actuator saturation.
Understanding the hangover experience in Canadian adults: A latent class analysis of hangover symptom patterns and their alcohol-related correlates

Abstract Aim: Given the ubiquitous nature of hangover experience among drinkers, this study aimed to profile hangover experience in terms of the number and patterns of past year symptoms. Methods: Current drinkers in Canada (n = 565) recruited through zoompanel were asked about 13 past year hangover symptoms. These were explored through correlation with alcohol consumption, problems, treatment and other factors. Findings: Increased number of symptoms were associated with higher Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) problem score, perceived harm from drinking, younger age and flushing/blushing when drinking (Mean = 3.3 symptoms). Four patterns were found from latent class analysis; class 4 (43%) no symptoms; class 3 (13%) thirst, tiredness, headache, nausea and vomiting; class 2 (22%) thirst, tiredness and headache; and class 1 (21%) wide range. Class 1 was characterised by blushing when drinking, higher perceived harm and attempts to reduce drinking due to hangovers. Classes 1–3 were associated with heavier consumption; only class 3 compared with class 4 had lower drinking refusal self-efficacy. Conclusions: higher alcohol consumption and lower drinking refusal self-efficacy relate to more symptoms; however, a group with variable alcohol consumption did not experience hangovers. The link between problems, treatment and hangover was not clear from patterns of symptoms; symptom severity may be worth further investigation.
Non-Invasive Patient Health and InsulinLevel Monitoring System

Our goal is design a Non- Invasive Patient monitoring system and to provide the information about calculation of insulin units provide for the particular patient by the system itself. Wireless, patient monitoring system and control using and GSM technology is used to monitor the different parameters of an ICU patient remotely and also control over medicine dosage is provided. Measurement of vital parameters can be done remotely and under risk developing situation can be conveyed to the physician with alarm triggering systems in order to initiate the proper control actions. In the implemented system a reliable and efficient real time remote patient monitoring system that can play a vital role in providing better patient care is developed. This system enables expert doctors to monitor vital parameters viz body temperature, blood pressure and heart rate of patients in remote areas of hospital as well as he can monitor the patient when he is out of the premises. The system in addition also provides a feedback to control the dosage of medicine to the patient as guided by the doctor remotely, in response to the health condition message received by the doctor. Mobile phones transfer measured parameters via SMS to clinicians for further analysis or diagnosis. The timely manner of conveying the real time monitored parameter to the doctor and control action taken by him is given high priority which is very much needed and which is the uniqueness of the developed system. The system even facilitates the doctor to monitor thepatient's previous history from the data in memory inbuilt in the monitoring device. Also data can be sent to several doctors in casea doctor fails to respond urgently. Keywords- Wireless, Remote patient monitoring, Body temperature, Heart rate, Blood pressure, SMS, GSM, ICU.
Ultrasound control of oil-in-oil Pickering emulsions preparation

Particle-stabilised emulsions are of interest to many scientists in both academia and industry as they hold promise for numerous applications. There is a lot of research effort put into developing new methods for their fabrication. Often, different experimental techniques are used for monitoring the process of the emulsion formation. However, the control of the emulsion fabrication and its real-time characterisation is generally challenging. In this work, we propose a convenient method to control fabrication of Pickering emulsions using ultrasound. The benefit of acoustical measurements compared to other techniques is their ability to test the medium in a non-destructive way, without requiring special sample preparation (e.g. dilution like in the case of DLS or NMR) nor a usage of thin sample cells (e.g. in the case of optical microscopy). Here, ultrasonic measurements are able to follow droplets growth during the emulsion development using the limited coalescence approach. We found that ultrasonic attenuation increased with the droplet size within the time frame of droplet stabilisation. Following these changes in ultrasonic attenuation enabled the study of macroscopic behaviour—for example, estimation of a time when droplets achieve their final size and become fully covered by solid particles. These results are compared with the results obtained from the optical measurements. We also make an attempt to theoretically describe ultrasound propagation in particle-stabilised emulsions by comparing our experimental results with the scattering theory ECAH for emulsions.
Potensi Ekonomi Digital dalam Meningkatan Kinerja Perekonomian Daerah

Perkembangan tekhnologi informasi menghasilkan kegiatan ekonomi yang berbasi tekhnologi informasi dalm perekonomian dacrah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: mendeskripsikan potensi ekonomi digital dalam meningkatkan kinerja perekonomian daerah. Obyek penelitian ini adalah pelaku usaha sector usaha kecil mikro dan menengah (UMKM) di Kota Kediri, Kabupaten Ponorogo, Kota Malang dan Kota Batu. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive random sampling dan jumlah sampel yang dapat dihimpun sebagai responden sebanyak 258 orang pelaku usaha UMKM. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Hasil penelitian memberikan kesimpulan bahwa media yang digunakan dalam pemanfaatan tekhnologi informasi ; online (web), instagram, sms, wa, facebook, line, go food. Alasan utama pelaku usaha menggunakan tekhnologi informasi adalah perluasan pasar. Tujuan pelaku usaha menggunakan tekhnologi informasi adalah mendapatkan konsumen yang lebih banyak. Sedangkan kendala utama yan_ dihadapi dalam pengembangan usaha adalah tidak semua konsumen memahami IT. Kegiatar. ekonomi di sektor UMKM dapat meningkatkan kinerja perekonomian daerah melal · penciptaan lapangan kerja barn, efisien ekonomi, berkembangnya multipler ekonomi, dar. penciptaan nilai tambah.
Experimental comparison of velocity estimators for a control moment gyroscope inverted pendulum

We consider the problem of velocity estimation for a control moment gyroscope inverted pendulum. To this end, we a consider model-free differentiator, a model-based linear observer and a model-based nonlinear differentiator. The proposed designs are implemented in hardware and the closed-loop system performance in the stabilization task is compared. Moreover, we show that the considered system cannot be partially linearized via a change of coordinates, and thus is not suitable for a recently reported class of nonlinear observers.
Mutual approximations between the five main moons of Uranus

Doing high-precision astrometry on Uranus’ moons is currently quite challenging. No probes will orbit the system before 2040. New high-precision mutual phenomena measurements will only occur in 2050. Besides, Uranus is slowly passing through a sky region without many stars, which makes it difficult to map field of view (FOV) distortions below 50 mas. In this context, the new astrometric technique of mutual approximations comes in handy. It measures central instants at the closest approach between two moving satellites in the sky plane. Measurements are made on small portions of the FOV, benefiting from the so-called precision premium. Approximations and mutual phenomena share geometric principles and parameters, with similar precision in the central instant as indicated by first applications to the Jovian moons. However, mutual phenomena can only be observed at the planet’s equinoxes, while approximations always occur. Central instants do not depend on reference stars and are useful in orbit and ephemeris fittings. Here, we present results for 23 mutual approximations between the five main Uranus satellites observed in Brazil during 2015–2018 with a 1.6 m aperture telescope. Digital coronagraphy mitigated Uranus’ scattered light, improving measurements for Miranda, Ariel and Umbriel. We measured the impact parameter and relative velocity in milliarcseconds for the first time by using a variant of the method. Relative position errors, including Miranda, were 45 mas per coordinate, twice as good as in classical CCD astrometry for this satellite, and comparable to mutual phenomena. This shows the potential of mutual approximations for improving the current orbits and ephemerides of Uranus’ moons.
Explicit Time Marching Schemes for Solving the Magnetic Field Volume Integral Equation

A method for constructing explicit marching-on-in-time (MOT) schemes to solve the time-domain magnetic field volume integral equation (TD-MFVIE) on inhomogeneous dielectric scatterers is proposed. The TD-MFVIE is cast in the form of an ordinary differential equation (ODE) and the unknown magnetic field is expanded using curl conforming spatial basis functions. Inserting this expansion into the TD-MFVIE and spatially testing the resulting equation yield an ODE system with a Gram matrix. This system is integrated in time for the unknown time-dependent expansion coefficients using a linear multistep method. The Gram matrix is sparse and well conditioned for Galerkin testing and consists of only four diagonal blocks for point testing. The resulting explicit MOT schemes, which call for the solution of this matrix system at every time step, are more efficient than their implicit counterparts, which call for inversion of a fuller matrix system at lower frequencies. Numerical results compare the efficiency, accuracy, and stability of the explicit MOT schemes and their implicit counterparts for low-frequency excitations. The results show that the explicit MOT scheme with point testing is significantly faster than the other three solvers without sacrificing from accuracy.
Application of noninvasive cerebral electrical impedance measurement on brain edema in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage

Objective To explore the change of brain edema in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) by noninvasive cerebral electrical impedance (CEI) measurement.Methods An invariable secure current at a frequency 50 kHz and a intensity of 0.1 mA was given into a person's brain, and the CEI of the two hemispheres was converted into perturbative index (PI). PI of 200 healthy volunteers and 78 patients with ICH was measured by noninvasive Brain-Edema Monitor.The results of PI were compared with the volumes of hematoma and surrounding edema,which calculated by image analyzing system according to CT scan.Results ①In the normal group,PI in the left and right hemisphere was respectively 7.98±0.95 and 8.02±0.71,and there was no significant difference between the either sides (P0.05). Age,sex and different measuring times did not obviously affect the PI values (P0.05). ②The total positive ratio of PI in ICH was 73.1%. PI was the most sensitive when the position located in the basal ganglia (83.3%) or the volumes of lesions were more than 20 ml (80.0%—88.9%),but was low when the volumes less than 20 ml or the position near the midline. ③In the patients with [CH,PI of the hematoma side initially was lower and finally higher than contralateral one.The average transitional time was (19.67± 11.52) h.The ipsilateral PI after the transitional time was much higher than that before the transitional time in the same patients(P0.01). The volumes of peri-hematoma edema were also significantly larger after the transitional time than before(P0.05). ④There was a positive correlation between the ipsilateral PI and the volume of peri-hematoma edema in the patients 3 days after onset (r=0.5977,P0.01). But there was no such significant correlation within 24 h.Conclusions CEI may be a sensitive parameter for noninvasive monitoring the change of brain edema in patients with ICH.The higher the PI,the more severe the edema can result.The sensitivity of PI is the highest when the position of hematoma locates in the basal ganglia. CEI is a new technology for judging the patients' condition of brain edema noninvasively.
Influence of N2 on the CO2 vibrational distribution function and dissociation yield in non-equilibrium plasmas

This work explores the effect of nitrogen addition on CO2 dissociation under various non-equilibrium plasma conditions. Experiments are performed in non-thermal plasmas sustained by DC pulsed discharges, for pressure and current ranges of 1 to 5 Torr and 20 to 50 mA, respectively. A self-consistent model, previously validated for pure CO2 discharges, is further extended to take into account e-V, V-T and V–V reactions involving N2. Both model predictions and experimental data reveal a maximum of the asymmetric vibrational temperature T3 at 5 Torr during the discharge around 1 ms, while no such maximum is visible at 1 Torr before the saturation occurs. It is shown that V-T deactivation by O atoms can have a strong influence on the vibrational kinetics, by directly affecting the relaxation of N2 vibrational excited states and, as a consequence, the very important energy transfers between vibrationally excited N2 and CO2 molecules. The experimental results show a twice as large CO2-conversion rate when N2 gas is added to the plasma. The simulations suggest this effect cannot be the result of an increased dissociation by direct electron impact due to modifications in the reduced electric field, but rather of some other contribution to dissociation and/or inhibition of reactions giving back CO2.
Enhancement of Johnson figure of merit in III‐V HEMT combined with discrete field plate and AlGaN blocking layer

The performance of AlGaN/GaN HEMT is enhanced by using discrete field plate (DFP) and AlGaN blocking layer. The AlGaN blocking layer provides an excellent confinement of electrons toward the GaN channel, resulting very low subthreshold drain current of 10−8 A/mm. It reveals very high off state breakdown voltage (BV) of 342 V for 250 nm gate technology HEMT. The breakdown voltage achieved for the proposed HEMT is 23% higher when compared to the breakdown voltage of conventional field plate HEMT device. In addition, the DFP reduces the gate capacitance (CG) from 12.04 × 10−13 to 10.48 × 10−13 F/mm. Furthermore, the drain current and transconductance (gm) reported for the proposed HEMT device are 0.82 A/mm and 314 mS/mm, respectively. Besides, the cut‐off frequency (fT) exhibited for the proposed HEMT is 28 GHz. Moreover, the proposed HEMT records the highest Johnson figure of merit (JFOM) of 9.57 THz‐V for 250 nm gate technology without incorporating T‐gate.
Prevalence and Determinants of Active and Passive Cigarette Smoking among undergraduate students at Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia

Background: Smoking, one of the most preventable causes of death, kills approximately 6 million people worldwide. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of smoking and its determinants among undergraduate students at Hawassa University. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted using structured self-administered questionnaires among 586 undergraduate students at Hawassa University. Using multi-stage sampling technique. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine determinants of tobacco use. Results: Among 586 students participated in the study 14.8% have ever cigarette used in their life time and 7.5% used tobacco in the previous 30 days. The mean age of initiating smoking cigarette was mean (SD) (15.43 ± 2.92 years). The vast majority (69%) of undergraduate students at Hawassa University reported that they were exposed to environmental cigarette smoke. Among those reported to have cigarette smoke exposure 17% (n=397) are exposed on daily. Khat chewing and alcohol use were positive predictors whereas living with brothers and/or sisters during student’s school age were a negative predictor of smoking cigarette. Conclusion and recommendation: Active and passive cigarette smoking are prevalent among Hawassa university undergraduate students. Ever chewing khat and ever drinking alcohol were independent predictors of smoking cigarette. We recommend a concerted effort of integrated cigarette smoking and substance use prevention campaigns in the university students.
Observations and Simulation of Elevated Nocturnal Convection Initiation on 24 June 2015 during PECAN

The environment of elevated nocturnal deep convection initiation (CI) on 24 June 2015 is investigated using radiosonde data from the Plains Elevated Convection at Night (PECAN) field experiment and a convection-allowing simulation. Elevated CI occurs around midnight in ascending westerly flow above the northeastern terminus of the nocturnal low-level jet (LLJ) several hundred kilometers poleward of the leading edge of a surface warm front. This CI originates from within preexisting banded altocumulus clouds that are supported by persistent large-scale ascent within the entrance region of a midtropospheric jet streak. Model trajectories calculated backward from convective updraft cores during CI indicate abrupt lifting at the leading edge of the surface front during the late afternoon to altitudes above that of the subsequent southerly LLJ. This air remains significantly subsaturated during northward movement until after several hours of weaker but persistent ascent within the highly elevated westerly airstream during the evening. Unlike in many previous studies of frontal overrunning by the LLJ, strong local drying occurs within the LLJ core. Nevertheless, vertical displacements from persistent mesoscale ascent were sufficient for trajectory air parcels to reach their LFC and sustain deep convection. The mesoscale upward displacement along trajectories is well explained by isentropic upglide associated with frontal overrunning at horizontal distances greater than 100 km from the CI and subsequent mature convection. However, the significant additional mesoscale vertical displacements needed for deep CI to occur in the westerlies above the horizontally convergent ~100-km-wide LLJ terminus region, were associated with local cooling and are not accounted for by steady isentropic upglide.
A photoexcited switchable tristate terahertz metamaterial absorber

In this study, we propose a photoexcited tristate terahertz metamaterial absorber which can switch between single‐/single‐/dual‐band absorption modes in terahertz regime. The unit cell of the absorber incorporates two kinds of photosensitive semiconductor materials filled the gaps between four asymmetric right‐angle wires and a cross wire. By applying different wavelengths of pump light on the absorber, two kinds of semiconductor materials can be excited to realize single‐/single‐/dual‐band switchable absorption characteristics. The distributions of electric fields and surface currents at absorption peak frequencies under three absorption states are demonstrated to elucidate the switchable mechanism of the proposed absorber. Moreover, the absorption performance of the proposed tristate absorber is discussed under different polarization and incidence angles. The proposed structure is expected to be applied in the terahertz devices such as tunable absorbers, modulators, filters, and switches.