Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Momentous Events and the Life Story

Memories of specific life episodes, termed personal event memories, have only recently become a focus of systematic research. In this article, memories of momentous events are analyzed from a functional perspective. First, personal event memory is defined. Second, research on the temporal organization of specific memories across the life span is described. Third, psychological functions served by remembering momentous events are illustrated. Fourth, variations in the structure and content of autobiographical memory are identified. Finally, potential connections to clinical and educational practice are discussed.
Citations do not solve problems.

Campbell and Fiske's 1959 article made the now-obvious statement that measures of the same variable made by different methods should agree (converge) and certainly should agree better than measures of different variables made by those several methods. Almost everyone accepted that statement, yet the multitrait-multimethod matrices published today show little or no improvement over the published examples cited in 1959. The article raised the conceptual problem of how a variable and its measurement should be linked and the methodological problem of clarifying the nature of methods and their effects
Implementation of query optimization techniques in distributed environment through genetic algorithm

In distributed databases, usually the cost of optimization increases while consulting the underlying data sources in the query optimization process. The query optimizer may handle the data sources and the optimization techniques adopted are required to be implemented to all relevant cost information with minimal communication. It is understood that query optimization issues depend upon relations i.e. cardinality, size of a tuple and fraction of tuples participating in a join with another relation. Also it is seen that the query optimization issues depend upon attribute comprising with cardinality of domain, actual number of distinct values and Common assumptions. The query optimization task involves with selecting the plans and sub plans, evaluating the size of plans and sub plans along with cost of plans and sub plans. In many cases the query execution cost is measured in conceptual units. But In a distributed database, the query execution costs must be divided into multiple dimensions. In this paper it is intended to discuss the approaches of query optimization and enumerate the query optimization techniques in distributed environment. As it has been seen that selecting the optimal execution strategy for a query is NP-hard in the number of relations, genetic algorithm may be applied in this case to evaluate plan select value, CPU time, cost of query plans and sub plans including I/O cost. The purpose of doing so is to measure the cost of data sets while dealing with large data sets in the distributed environment.
Stage transitions in moral reasoning : a longitudinal study of developmental processes

The study examined the internal organizational aspects of disequilibrium that are held to be responsible for moral stage transitions and, in doing so, compared the predictions of the consolidation/transition and gradual-transformation models. A sample of 227 children, adolescents, and adults responded to a moral judgment interview twice over a 2-year interval. The distribution of subjects' reasoning across stages at the initial interview was used to predict subsequent stage transitions.
Memory for Everyday and Emotional Events

Contents: Conference Participants. N.L. Stein, P.A. Ornstein, An Agenda for Research in Everyday and Emotional Memory. Part I: Knowledge-Based and Appraisal Models of Everyday and Emotional Memory. N.L. Stein, E. Wade, M.D. Liwag, A Theoretical Approach to Understanding and Remembering Emotional Events. M. Ross, Validating Memories. P.A. Ornstein, L.B. Shapiro, P.A. Clubb, A. Follmer, L. Baker-Ward, The Influence of Prior Knowledge on Children's Memory for Salient Medical Experiences. S. Folkman, N.L. Stein, A Goal-Process Approach to Analyzing Narrative Memories for AIDS-Related Stressful Events. Part II: Perceptual and Verbal Processes in Everyday Memory. J.M. Mandler, L. McDonough, Nonverbal Recall. J. Huttenlocher, V. Prohaska, Reconstructing the Times of Past Events. B. Tversky, Spatial Constructions. C.J. Brainerd, Children's Forgetting With Implications for Memory Suggestibility. Part III: Studies of Emotional and Painful Memories. R. Fivush, J. Kuebli, Making Everyday Events Emotional: The Construal of Emotion in Parent-Child Conversations About the Past. G.S. Goodman, J.A. Quas, Trauma and Memory: Individual Differences in Children's Recounting of a Stressful Experience. P. Salovey, A.F. Smith, Memory for the Experience of Physical Pain. Part IV: Psychological Issues in Eyewitness Testimony. M.A. Mason, Adult Perceptions of Children's Memory for the Traumatic Event of Sexual Abuse: A Clinical and Legal Dilemma. P. Ekman, Lying and Deception. Part V: Developmental Perspectives on Eyewitness Testimony. D.P. Peters, Stress, Arousal, and Children's Eyewitness Memory. M. Bruck, S.J. Ceci, The Description of Children's Suggestibility. M.S. Zaragoza, S.M. Lane, J.K. Ackil, K.L. Chambers, Confusing Real and Suggested Memories: Source Monitoring and Eyewitness Suggestibility. Part VI: Commentaries. T. Trabasso, Whose Memory Is It? The Social Context of Remembering. G. Gigerenzer, Memory as Knowledge-Based Inference: Two Observations. W.F. Brewer, Children's Eyewitness Memory Research: Implications From Schema Memory and Autobiographical Memory Research.
Unique and interactive effects of depression, age, socioeconomic advantage, and gender on cognitive performance of normal healthy older people

A sample of 4,243 residents of Manchester, England and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, aged 50 to 93 years, completed the Beck Depression Scale (A.T. Beck, C.H. Ward, M. Mendelson, J. Mock, & J. Erbaugh, 1961) and a battery of 6 different cognitive tests. Beck scores were low, indicating gradations of dysphoria rather than clinical depression. Beck scores did not vary with age but were significantly higher for women than for men and for disadvantaged than for advantaged socioeconomic groups. Measures of fluid, but not of crystallized, ability declined as age increased. Socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with poorer performance on all cognitive tests. Men scored higher on a test of spatial reasoning, and women scored higher on a test of word definition and on 2 tests of verbal memory and learning. However, after variance associated with all these demographic and individual-difference variables was considered, and within a range indicative of dysphoria rather than clinical depression, higher Beck scores were associated with significantly poorer performance on both crystallized and fluid measures of cognitive ability. This association was less marked in women than in men, but age, socioeconomic advantage, and estimated lifetime intellectual ability did not act as protective or risk factors for vulnerability of cognitive processes to dysphoria.
Introduction To Magnetism And Magnetic Materials

Thank you very much for downloading introduction to magnetism and magnetic materials. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite novels like this introduction to magnetism and magnetic materials, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious bugs inside their laptop.
Knowing How You Know: Young Children's Ability to Identify and Remember the Sources of Their Beliefs.

GOPNIK, ALISON, and GRAF, PETER. Knowing How You Know: Young Children's Ability to Identify and Remember the Sources of Their Beliefs. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1988, 59, 1366-1371. Young children's understanding of the sources of their beliefs was investigated. 3, 4, and 5-year-olds learned about the contents of a drawer in 3 different ways: they saw the contents, were told about them, or inferred their identity from a clue. Children were then asked, immediately and after a brief delay, how they knew about the contents of the drawer. 3-year-olds had difficulty identifying the sources of their knowledge, while 5-year-olds did not. Moreover, even 3-year-olds who could correctly identify the source immediately had difficulty remembering the source after a delay. Explicit training in identifying sources did not improve the 3-year-olds' performance. These results support the hypothesis that children learn about the causal relation between the world and the mind between 3 and 5 years of age.
Using the La Trobe Communication Questionnaire to Measure Perceived Social Communication Ability in Adolescents With Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract Introduction: The La Trobe Communication Questionnaire (LCQ) was developed to measure perceived social communication ability from various sources including the self-perceptions of individuals as well as those of others with whom they converse regularly (e.g., family members, friends and clinicians). It has been psychometrically evaluated with healthy young adults and adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and found to have acceptable reliability and validity. The present study was conducted to gauge the ability of the LCQ to distinguish between a group of adolescents who had sustained TBI and a control group of neurologically normal adolescents matched on the variables of socio-economic status (SES), age, gender and level of education completed. Method: Participants were 19 TBI dyads (TBI adolescents and close relatives) and 19 control dyads. All TBI adolescents had sustained severe injury (mean posttraumatic amnesia duration 33.76 days, SD 18.13) due to moving vehicle-related trauma. Mean age at the time of injury was 16.33 years (SD 1.67) and at the time of assessment 17.11years (SD 1.90). The LCQ was administered to all participants at home. Results: Perceptions of TBI adolescents and their relatives were significantly different from those of control dyads and consistent with a higher frequency of social communication difficulties in the TBI group. Difficulties reflected reduced conversational fluency and problems with managing the multiple demands of social discourse. Conclusions: The LCQ is a clinical tool that has sound potential to contribute to the multifaceted assessment of social communication in adolescents with TBI.
Student ratings: The validity of use.

The authors are in general agreement with the earlier themes that (1) SETs are valid but that (2) certain external factors such as grading leniency moderate this validity. But the focus here is not on the ratings themselves, but on their ultimate use in tenure and promotion decisions. This addresses the \consequential validity" of SETs. The authors feel that personnel committees lack the statistical sophistication to properly use the ratings. While noting that it will probably be di cult to do observational studies on such committees in action, the authors said they expect the results would be similar to studies done on medical diagnoses or mortality predictions, namely that combination of computer diagnostic programs and pooled judgment of physicians is superior to individual predictions.
Social support knowledge and behavior and relational intimacy : A dyadic study

We examined the relationships among social support knowledge, supportive behavior, intimacy with one's spouse, and satisfaction with support provided by one's spouse among 41 Israeli kibbutz couples. We test the hypothesis that support knowledge and support bevahior influence the intimacy between couples and increase satisfaction with spouse's social support efforts.
Integrate Chinese Semantic Knowledge into Word Sense Disambiguation

Word sense disambiguation is important for many applications in natural language processing fields including machine translation, information retrieval and automatic summarization. In this paper, left word unit and right word unit are extracted for improving the quality of word sense disambiguation (WSD) starting from the target polysemous word. Their semantic knowledge is mined from Tongyici Cilin which is a Chinese semantic lexicon. A new method of word sense disambiguation is proposed with semantic information of left word unit and right word unit. The classifier of word sense disambiguation is built based on bayesian model. SemEval-2007: Task#5 is used as training corpus and test corpus. Experimental results show that the disambiguation classifier’s precision is improved and demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
Multialternative Decision Field Theory: A Dynamic Connectionist Model of Decision Making

The authors interpret decision field theory (J. R. Busemeyer & J. T. Townsend, 1993) as a connectionist network and extend it to accommodate multialternative preferential choice situations. This article shows that the classic weighted additive utility model (see R. L. Keeney & H. Raiffa, 1976) and the classic Thurstone preferential choice model (see L. L. Thurstone, 1959) are special cases of this new multialternative decision field theory (MDFT), which also can emulate the search process of the popular elimination by aspects (EBA) model (see A. Tversky, 1969). The new theory is unique in its ability to explain several central empirical results found in the multialternative preference literature with a common set of principles. These empirical results include the similarity effect, the attraction effect, and the compromise effect, and the complex interactions among these three effects. The dynamic nature of the model also implies strong testable predictions concerning the moderating effect of time pressure on these three effects.
Emotion, Personality, and Selective Attention

Interest in the relationship between cognition and behavior has prompted personality researchers and clinicians to incorporate models of information processing in their own theories. Recently, prominent cognitive psychologists have also advocated broadening the focus of human information processing research to include emotional, motivational, cultural, and situational factors that mediate cognition. Selective attention phenomena may be particularly sensitive to these human factors, providing a potential bridge between the findings and theories of human information processing research and the interests of many personality researchers and clinical psychologists. In this study the effect of presenting emotionally salient information when attention is focused away from the information was examined. This was accomplished by embedding emotionally salient material in the ignored channel of a dichotic listening task. The mediating effects of several personality states and traits on performance in the task were also examined. The emotional quality of the information presented in the ignored channel—outside awareness—exerted an influence on processing of information in the attended channel—within awareness. In particular, sexually explicit information presented in the ignored channel was found to enter or intrude upon awareness, whereas other kinds of information did not. State anxiety scores were predictive of these intrusions from outside awareness. Other personality measures were predictive of processing only when intrusions did not occur or when the information was presented to awareness. These findings indicate that shadowing and other selective attention techniques may be very useful for clarifying the relationship among personality, emotionality, cognition, and awareness.
Augmenting Probabilistic Matrix Factorization Models for Rare Users

Augmenting Probabilistic Matrix Factorization Models for Rare Users Cody Severinski Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Statistical Sciences University of Toronto 2016 Recommender systems are used for user preference prediction in a variety of contexts. Most commonly known for movie suggestion from the Netflix competition, these systems have evolved to cover generic product recommendation, friend suggestion, and even online dating. Matrix Factorization is a common model employed for several reasons. Among them, they scale well, are easily learned, and can be adapted to different contexts. Many extensions of the baseline Probabilistic Matrix Factorization model have been proposed in the literature, and as expected, all perform better than the baseline with reported test results. We review several of these extensions, notably: constraints based on similar rating patterns among users, allowing for nonconstant variance / precision in the model, introducing personal information on the users as constraints, and including user networks in the model. These models are extended to the Bayesian framework where necessary. We illustrate how these extensions perform overall, and for sets of users defined by different number of ratings at training time. In particular, we highlight the benefit of many of these extensions for infrequent users (those with few or no ratings in the system). This is particularly important as these users are the most common in the recommendation framework. In the case of user networks, we additionally study the robustness of the model in the presence of random links. This reflects the true state of user networks in applications such as Facebook, where social ties may not convey similar taste in preferences. In addition, we provide the first direct comparison of the performance of the models learned from Gibbs sampling and variational inference. Limitations of the variational algorithm are outlined for multiple models, with proposals given for alleviating overfitting.
Marine controlled-source electromagnetic data de-noising method based on time-varying Bilateral Filtering

The marine controlled-source electromagnetic( MCSEM) method is a low frequency electromagnetic subsurface surveying technique. The existence of the seafloor noise often seriously influenced the MCSEM followup inversion and interpretation. In this paper,we reviewed the MCSEM noise characteristics and traditional Bilateral Filtering method,and proposed time-varying Bilateral Filtering method on the basis of the traditional Bilateral Filtering method and MCSEM noise features,and applied this method into MCSEM data processing. Through the processing of synthetic model and field data,the result shows that the MCSEM noise can be well suppressed by the time-varying Bilateral Filtering method,especially for the middle-long and long offset area noise,which improved the MCSEM data quality for follow-up processing.
Interactive and computational methods for molecular modelling applied to the bacterial ribosome

A computational multi-scale modelling approach for the re nement of large biomolecules was designed and then applied to the structure of the bacterial ribosome. Algorithms were developed, allowing de ned groups of atoms to be clustered into rigid objects, which greatly reduces the number of parameters in the molecular dynamics approach and thus speeds up the computational process considerably (clustered molecular dynamics). The energy potential function, which is used in molecular dynamics to describe structural details of a particle, was extended to include terms that describe high-level biochemical constraints resulting from cross-linking techniques and cryo-electron microscopy. Highand low-level features of the potential function were speci ed, and the clustered molecular dynamics technique was integrated into the interactive model building process, to establish a physico-chemically plausible structure of the bacterial ribosome.
Evidence of favorable sleep-EEG patterns in adolescent male vigorous football players compared to controls

Sleep is crucial for psychological functioning and daily performance. Both lay and scientific opinion hold that physical activity encourages restorative sleep. However, research on this in adolescence is limited. The aim of the present study was to compare sleep-EEG patterns of vigorous exercisers and controls. Twelve adolescent male football players (14 h of vigorous exercise per week) and 12 controls (1.5 h of vigorous exercise per week) matched for gender, age (about 16 years), and educational level, took part in the study. Sleep-EEG registration was performed following a day without exercise. Sleep-EEG analyses revealed that, compared to controls, the football players showed greater sleep efficiency, shortened sleep onset latency, less awakenings after sleep onset, more stage 4, and less REM sleep. Importantly, this pattern of results emerged following a day without exercise. Moreover, vigorous football players reported better daily performance and displayed less weeknight (Sunday to Thursday) to weekend night (Friday and Saturday nights) variation. Findings suggest that for the football players, vigorous exercise seemed to lead to longer-lasting electrophysiological change in brain activity irrespective of acute bouts of exercise.
Measuring person-job fit with a profile-comparison process

Utilisation d'un processus de comparaison de profils (base sur une technique de type Q procurant une evaluation isomorphique des prerequis du travail et des competences individuelles) pour evaluer l'ajustement homme-travail sur 7 petits echantillons de population representant divers metiers et organisations
On cross-modal similarity: the perceptual structure of pitch, loudness, and brightness

Examined how pitch and loudness correspond to brightness. In the Experiment 1, 16 Ss identified which of 2 lights more resembled each of 16 tones; in Experiment 2, 8 of the same 16 Ss rated the similarity of lights to lights, tones to tones, and lights to tones. (1) Pitch and loudness both contributed to cross-modal similarity, but for most Ss pitch contributed more. (2) Individuals differed as to whether pitch or loudness contributed more; these differences were consistent across matching and similarity scaling. (3) Cross-modal similarity depended largely on relative stimulus values. (4) Multidimensional scaling revealed 2 perceptual dimensions, loudness and pitch, with brightness common to both. A simple quantitative model can describe the cross-modal comparisons, compatible with the view that perceptual similarity may be characterized through a malleable spatial representation that is multimodal as well as multidimensional. Language: en
When modesty prevails: Differential favorability of self-presentation to friends and strangers.

Although most interpersonal interactions take place between people who know each other, most self-presentation research has focused on self-presentation to strangers. Five studies showed that self-presentational favorability differed as a function of whether the interaction partner was a friend or a stranger. Studies I and 2 found that self-presentations to friends were consistently more modest than self-presentations to strangers. In Studies 3 and 4, self-presentations were manipulated by instructing participants to present themselves in either a self-enhancing or modest manner. Modesty with strangers and self-enhancement with friends both resulted in impaired recall for the interaction, consistent with the view that those strategies contradict familiar, overlearned patterns. Study 5 distinguished self-deprecation from modesty. Taken together, the results indicate that people habitually use different self-presentation strategies with different audiences, relying on favorable self-enhancement with strangers but shifting toward modesty when among friends.
Biofeedback And Self Regulation

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