Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of an economic model of Kaldor type modified with two discrete time delays

This article studies a continuous non linear economic dynamics with a delay of a Kaldor type modified in dimension two. The important results of this study are on the one hand, the boundedness of solutions, the existence of an attractive set, the permanence of the system, on the other hand, the local and global stability of equilibrium points. Mathematics Subject Classification: 92D25, 91G80 , 35B35, 35B38, 26E70
A Critical State Evaluation of Fines Effect on Liquefaction Potential

Published results fi-om laboratory tests show that an increase in the percentage of fines generally leads to a reduction of the cyclic liquefaction resistance of a sand, while empirical correlations from in-situ tests consider the presence of fines as beneficial. In order to study this seemingly not univocal effect of tines content, this paper involves the integrated framework of Critical State Soil Mechanics. For this purpose, firstly the effect of tines on the location of the Critical State Line (CSL) is studied through statistical analysis of a large data set of triaxial element tests. Results show that fines affect the CSL location in the (e-lnp) space, but not its slope in (p-q) space. In particular, an increase of fines content practically leads to a clockwise rotation of the CSL in (elnp) space. Introducing this finding as a mere change in parameter values of an appropriate Critical State constitutive model, simulations of cyclic undrained triaxial tests were performed These simulations show that the presence of fines is beneficial at relatively small effective stresses, i.e. the stresses prevailing at liquefiable layers in-situ. Furthermore, these simulations show that the effect is reversed at relatively large effective stresses, i.e. the stresses usually considered in laboratory tests.
Effect of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on soil macronutrient status of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)

An experiment was conducted to examine the response of four different organic manures viz. farmyard manure, vermicompost, castor cake and poultry manure as a source of nitrogen with or without chemical fertilizers, phosphorus and potassium and biofertilizer i.e. PSB in a Randomized Block Design with three replications during the rabi season of the year 2012 and 2013. The results revealed that, the significantly maximum available nitrogen after crop harvesting (216.84 kg/ha) was recorded with T2 (Farm yard manure 15 t/ha + Recommended dose of NPK) in pooled data. The maximum available phosphorus after crop harvesting (39.75 kg/ha and 38.19 kg/ha) was recorded with T15 (Recommended dose of N as vermicompost + P and K + PSB) during the year 2013 and in pooled data, respectively. Whereas, maximum available potassium after crop harvesting (192.38 kg/ha) was recorded with T2 (Farm yard manure 15 t/ha + Recommended dose of NPK) in pooled data. Maximum increase in available nitrogen (6.55 %) in soil was noted with T6 (Recommended dose of N as poultry manure). The significantly maximum increase in available phosphorus (9.17 %) in soil was recorded with T17 (Recommended dose of N as Castor Cake + P and K + PSB) during the year 2012, whereas, (12.61 % and 10.42 %) was noted with T18 (Recommended dose of N as poultry manure + P and K + PSB) during the year 2013 and in pooled data, respectively.
The Human Microbiota and Obesity: A Literature Systematic Review of In Vivo Models and Technical Approaches

Obesity is a noncommunicable disease that affects a considerable part of humanity. Recently, it has been recognized that gut microbiota constitutes a fundamental factor in the triggering and development of a large number of pathologies, among which obesity is one of the most related to the processes of dysbiosis. In this review, different animal model approaches, methodologies, and genome scale metabolic databases were revisited to study the gut microbiota and its relationship with metabolic disease. As a data source, PubMed for English-language published material from 1 January 2013, to 22 August 2018, were screened. Some previous studies were included if they were considered classics or highly relevant. Studies that included innovative technical approaches or different in vivo or in vitro models for the study of the relationship between gut microbiota and obesity were selected after a 16-different-keyword exhaustive search. A clear panorama of the current available options for the study of microbiota’s influence on obesity, both for animal model election and technical approaches, is presented to the researcher. All the knowledge generated from the study of the microbiota opens the possibility of considering fecal transplantation as a relevant therapeutic alternative for obesity and other metabolic disease treatment.
Safety of imidacloprid seed dressings to honey bees: a comprehensive overview and compilation of the current state of knowledge

This paper reviews the available data on the risk potential posed by imidacloprid seed dressings to honey bees. Key studies are briefly described and their results are discussed; of particular interest for this topic are the numerous field and semifield trials which were carried out by different scientists from various institutions. From the reviewed studies a field-relevant NOAEC of 20 ppb is concluded for honey bees. Analytical studies on nectar and pollen samples of sunflower, rape and corn plants have shown that residue levels of imidacloprid and toxicologically relevant imidacloprid metabolites are typically well below 5 ppb. When comparing the NOAEC with the reported residue data, it becomes evident that imidacloprid seed-dressings will pose only a negligible risk to honey bees. This conclusion is supported by the findings of more than 30 semifield and field studies conducted in various regions of the world. Finally, the symptoms of the bee incidents in France, which were suspected to be related to imidacloprid seed-dressings, are described and factors potentially linked to these incidents are discussed.
Stability in mean of partial variables for coupled stochastic reaction-diffusion systems on networks: A graph approach

This paper is devoted to investigating stability in mean of partial variables for coupled stochastic reaction-diffusion systems on networks (CSRDSNs). By transforming the integral of the trajectory with respect to spatial variables as the solution of the stochastic ordinary differential equations (SODE) and using Ito formula, we establish some novel stability principles for uniform stability in mean, asymptotic stability in mean, uniformly asymptotic stability in mean, and exponential stability in mean of partial variables for CSRDSNs. These stability principles have a close relation with the topology property of the network. We also provide a systematic method for constructing global Lyapunov function for these CSRDSNs by using graph theory. The new method can help to analyze the dynamics of complex networks. An example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the obtained results.
Learning about Conspiracy Theories

The triple disaster of the earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear reactor meltdowns that struck Japan in March 2011 led to the release of massive amounts of radioactive isotopes into the environment. My research and that of other professionals in the international scientific community demonstrates that the short- and long-term impacts of these releases on environmental and human health will be difficult to detect. Most of the public response to my work on the Fukushima disaster has been positive. However, a vocal minority, enamored of conspiracy theories, responded with personal threats, accusations of scientific fraud, and attacks on my professional and personal integrity.
Promoter Account Detection in Twitter

Twitter is an online social network and micro-blog that becomes an alternative media for sharing and getting information. In the political area, Twitter provides various features as a media to promote campaign and get a good imaging for political party or contestant. In order to get a good opinion from other users, the contestant can manipulate their success with a massive promotion. This promotion activity could lead to public opinion that is not consistent with the facts. So that, we need to determine whether this is promoter account or not. In this paper, we propose a new framework for promoter account detection. This framework based on twitter content to detect promoter account according to their existence in topic of promotion. This framework employs k-means approach in order to cluster topic of promotion based on twitter's content. From each cluster, we evaluate the existence of promoter account. With very simple approach, the results obtained on experiment show that this framework is effective for promoter account detection.
Comparative Responsiveness of Pain Outcome Measures Among Primary Care Patients With Musculoskeletal Pain

Background:Comparative responsiveness data are needed to inform choices about pain outcome measures. Objectives:To compare responsiveness of pain intensity, pain-related function, and composite measures, using data from a randomized trial and observational study. Research Design:Analysis of responsiveness. Subjects:A total of 427 adults with persistent back, hip, or knee pain were recruited from primary care. Methods:Participants completed Brief Pain Inventory, Chronic Pain Grade (CPG), Roland disability, SF-36 bodily pain, and pain global rating of change measures. We used the global rating as the anchor for standardized response mean and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. We used the distribution-based standard error of measurement to estimate minimally important change. To assess responsiveness to the trial intervention, we evaluated standardized effect size statistics stratified by trial arm. Results:All measures were responsive to global improvement and all had fair-to-good accuracy in discriminating between participants with and without improvement. SF bodily pain was less responsive than other measures in several analyses. The 3-item PEG was similarly responsive to full Brief Pain Inventory scales. CPG and SF bodily pain were less responsive to the trial intervention and did not perform well among participants with hip/knee pain. Agreement between anchor and distribution-based methods was modest. Conclusions:If a brief measure is desired, the 3-item PEG is more responsive than the SF bodily pain scale. CPG and SF bodily pain scales may be relatively poor choices for trial outcome assessment. Both anchor and distribution-based methods should be considered when determining clinically important change.
Mining a Deep And-OR Object Semantics from Web Images via Cost-Sensitive Question-Answer-Based Active Annotations

This paper presents a cost-sensitive active Question-Answering (QA) framework for learning a nine-layer And-Or graph (AOG) from web images. The AOG explicitly represents object categories, poses/viewpoints, parts, and detailed structures within the parts in a compositional hierarchy. The QA framework is designed to minimize an overall risk, which trades off the loss and query costs. The loss is defined for nodes in all layers of the AOG, including the generative loss (measuring the likelihood of the images) and the discriminative loss (measuring the fitness to human answers). The cost comprises both the human labor of answering questions and the computational cost of model learning. The cost-sensitive QA framework iteratively selects different storylines of questions to update different nodes in the AOG. Experiments showed that our method required much less human supervision (e.g., labeling parts on 3--10 training objects for each category) and achieved better performance than baseline methods.
Compatibility: An Experimental Demonstration

Are people sensitive to the level of compatibility in everyday settings? We manipulated via scenario both a specified goal and a setting typically associated with a given goal. Settings were either typically compatible with the specified goal or not. Different participants rated either compatibility (as a direct indicator of sensitivity to manipulated compatibility) or preference for being in the setting (as an indirect indicator of sensitivity). For both measures, mean ratings were significantly greater in the high-compatibility conditions than in the low-compatibility conditions.We conclude that people are indeed sensitive to the level of compatibility in everyday settings. These findings indicate that a core concept of Attention Restoration Theory (ART), compatibility, has psychological reality in everyday settings and thus support the construct validity and external validity of the compatibility concept.
Overcoming the Zero Bound on Nominal Interest Rates with Negative Interest on Currency: Gesell's Solution

An economy is in a liquidity trap when monetary policy cannot influence either real or nominal variables of interest. A necessary condition for this is that the short nominal interest rate is constrained by its lower bound, typically zero. The paper considers two small analytical models, one Old-Keynesian, the other New-Keynesian possessing equilibria where not only the short nominal interest rate, but nominal interest rates at all maturities can be stuck at their zero lower bound. When the authorities remove the zero nominal interest rate floor by adopting an augmented monetary rule that systematically keeps the nominal interest rate on base money (including currency) at or below the nominal interest rate on non-monetary instruments, the lower bound equilibria are eliminated, thus allowing an economic system to avoid the trap or to escape from it. This rule will involve paying negative interest on currency, that is, imposing a ‘carry tax’ on currency, an idea first promoted by Gesell. The administration costs associated with a currency carry tax must be set against the benefits of potentially lower shoe-leather costs and lower menu costs which are made possible by the its introduction. There are also output-gap avoidance benefits from eliminating the zero lower bound trap.
Friction stir welding of Aluminium matrix composites – A Review

Friction stir welding (FSW) is established as one of the prominent welding techniques to join aluminium matrix composites (AMCs). It is a solid state welding process, takes place well below the melting temperature of the material, eliminates the detrimental effects of conventional fusion welding process. Although the process is capable to join AMCs, challenges are still open that need to be fulfill to widen its applications. This paper gives the outline of the friction stir welding technique used to join AMCs. Effect of process variables on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints, behavior of reinforcing materials during welding, effect of tool profiles on the joint strength are discussed in detail. Few improvements and direction for future research are also proposed.
Experimental Study of Heat Storage Unit Made of PCM-gypsum Composite Integrated with the Ventilation System of the Building

In the paper a special heat storage unit for building applications is presented. It has a form of a ceiling panel that is made of PCM-gypsum mortar composite and it contains internal channels for air flow, since it is designed as a part of ventilation system of the building. The panel works as a regenerative heat exchanger with phase change material (PCM) as a prevailing heat storage medium. When a melting point of PCM is properly chosen it is possible that air temperature flowing into the building reach a level corresponding to thermal comfort conditions, regardless the temperature at the intake. Warm air (during a day) releases heat basically to PCM causing its melting. During night time cool ambient air is heated up while it takes back heat accumulated in PCM. An experimental set-up based on the above concept was developed. A series of tests in different conditions (for variable inlet air temperatures, air flow rates) were performed. Information on thermal performance of the ceiling panel as well as detailed data on heat transfer process were obtained and discussed in the paper. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017. 259
The Future of Canadian Wheat Exports to Japan: Comparing the Japanese and South Korean Noodle Flour Markets

While the demand for wheat flour for bread is relatively static in both Japan and South Korea, consumer markets for noodles in both countries are growing in importance. Each of the two countries depends heavily on milling-wheat imports since there is very little domestic wheat production. Canadian wheat exports represent only a small share of South Korean wheat imports and about 25 percent of the wheat imported by Japan. The South Korean wheat import market was deregulated in 1990. The liberalization of wheat imports and deregulation of the Korean milling sector have intensified competition in the flour milling industries in that market. Individual millers are interested in developing new blending formulae for wheat flour in order to survive in a more competitive market environment. Japanâ€™s wheat import market, while still highly regulated, is expected to deregulate in the future and demand is expected to continue to increase for wheat flour for noodle production. Fundamental marketing issues revolving around Canadaâ€™s ability to supply wheats of the specified preferred quality to South Korea and Japan need to be examined since these may have significant implications for Canadian wheat exports to the region. South Korea provides a case study of changes that may occur in wheat demand as Japan deregulates its wheat import market. The comparison of the markets for noodle flour in these two Asian nations is highly relevant to the ongoing debate about Canadian domestic policies for wheat breeding, exports and grain regulation.
BLACK HOLE VARIABILITY AND THE STAR FORMATION–ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS CONNECTION: DO ALL STAR-FORMING GALAXIES HOST AN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS?

We investigate the effect of active galactic nucleus (AGN) variability on the observed connection between star formation and black hole accretion in extragalactic surveys. Recent studies have reported relatively weak correlations between observed AGN luminosities and the properties of AGN hosts, which has been interpreted to imply that there is no direct connection between AGN activity and star formation. However, AGNs may be expected to vary significantly on a wide range of timescales (from hours to Myr) that are far shorter than the typical timescale for star formation (≳100 Myr). This variability can have important consequences for observed correlations. We present a simple model in which all star-forming galaxies host an AGN when averaged over ∼100 Myr timescales, with long-term average AGN accretion rates that are perfectly correlated with the star formation rate (SFR). We show that reasonable prescriptions for AGN variability reproduce the observed weak correlations between SFR and LAGN in typical AGN host galaxies, as well as the general trends in the observed AGN luminosity functions, merger fractions, and measurements of the average AGN luminosity as a function of SFR. These results imply that there may be a tight connection between AGN activity and SFR over galaxy evolution timescales, and that the apparent similarities in rest-frame colors, merger rates, and clustering of AGNs compared to “inactive” galaxies may be due primarily to AGN variability. The results provide motivation for future deep, wide extragalactic surveys that can measure the distribution of AGN accretion rates as a function of SFR.
Decoding of emotional responses to user-unfriendly computer interfaces via electroencephalography signals

When a user interacts with an interface such as a computer, its effects on specific biosignals may reflect emotional responses to the interface, providing a means to evaluate usability . Towards the develop ment of an interface that can adapt its usability based on the user ’ s emotions , here we decode d electroencephalography (EEG) activity occurring during interaction with a user- un friendly interface. Participants performed target-reaching task s while irregular transformations were applied to cursor motion to induce frustration. O ur results showed that differential signals from the frontal electrodes (AF3-AF4) were sufficient to classify between brain activities during transformed (frustrated) and normal cursor motion (non-frustrated) . F unctional magnetic resonance imaging during the same tasks showed significant activation s in the middle frontal gyrus, orbitofrontal gyrus, and inferior parietal cortex , areas found to be related to negative emotions . Altogether, these results suggest that the usability of an interface can be measured from EEG signals, which could aid in the development of adaptive interfaces that increase its intuitiveness.
EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF HIV/AIDS ONTOLOGY CONSTRUCTION TOOLS

This paper presents an experimental evaluation of five ontology construction tools that we are using for HIV/AIDS FAQ retrieval system. Ontologies have been widely used in natural language processing applications especially in question answering systems. As the construction of ontologies is a time consuming and error prone task, the use of tools would be very helpful. To compare the five tools a knowledge source on HIV/AIDS was collected from MASA Antiretroviral Therapy booklet which consists of 205 most frequently asked questions About HIV/AIDS and ARV Therapy. The booklet was prepared by the Ministry of Health in Botswana. The quality of the resulting ontology along with other features of the tools was evaluated. The attributes that we specifically looked at for each tool include file formats supported, concepts extraction techniques used, ontology visualization support, and ontology export formats. Based on the experiments we carried out, Text2Onto, which is the latest version of Text-To-Onto, is found to be most appropriate and will be used to construct the HIV/AIDS ontology for FAQ retrieval. Text2Onto, which integrates Text-To-ONTO and GATE provides ranking of terms, detecting changes in knowledge source, automatic update of ontology, and tracking modifications
A Microsite Analysis of Resource Use Around Kaziranga National Park, India

We used a semistructured social survey of 590 households in 37 villages along the southern boundary of Kaziranga National Park and World Heritage Site, Assam, India in late 2000 and early 2001 to assess resource use and demographic and socioeconomic conditions. Kaziranga, recently expanded in size in a region with a large and diverse human population, is globally important for the conservation of several critically endangered species. This was the first in-depth study of its kind in Kaziranga. The results showed highly variable resource use patterns as a function of caste/ethnic group, educational level, socioeconomic and immigration status of households, and location with respect to the park and wildlife corridors. We highlight the importance of and present a basis for electing a microsite planning approach for conservation and development in areas characterized by (1) high ethnic diversity, (2) high human population densities, and (3) endangered, land-dependent large mammal populations that pose economic risks. Individualized development schemes and participatory approaches to management at the local level are critical to achieve conservation and development goals in these cases.
Nuevos modelos de diseño participativo

Para las organizaciones resulta vital actualizar sus dinámicas de funcionamiento y mantenerse vigentes. A partir de un trabajo interdisciplinar y colaborativo, el diseño aparece como motor de la innovación con una mirada antropocéntrica. Consideramos al diseño como una herramienta estratégica en la gestión. El diseño entendido como una filosofía con la cual afrontar y resolver nuevos desafíos deja atrás la postura tradicional que lo contemplaba como un área más dentro de las organizaciones, obteniendo resultados eficientes y acordes a las necesidades particulares de cada caso.