Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The pathogenesis of epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) with particular reference to factors potentially influencing outbreaks of the disease in the Philippines

Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) outbreaks in the Philippines had been consistently associated with periods of decreasing and fluctuating water temperature usually after the rainy season. Therefore, one of the main objectives of this study was to examine the influence of low and highly fluctuating temperature on the pathogenesis of the disease based on the histopathological and epidermal changes. Also, the influence of water temperature variations on the nonspecific immune responses of a fish exposed to \({Aphanomyces}\) \({invadans}\) was determined. Moreover, the efficacy of four therapeutic substances to enhance the defense mechanisms of susceptible fish against EUS was assessed. A model of the sequential pathology of EUS was developed and described in three spot gourami \({Trichogaster}\) \({trichopterus}\) and sand whiting \({Sillago}\) \({ciliata}\). Both species of fish exhibited histopathological changes typical of EUS, such as chronic granulomatous response and inflammatory cell infiltration in the muscle and skin tissues, at day 8 post-inoculation of 55 to 70 spores/fish. From the results of comparative granuloma counts and percentage of cellular infiltration in a sampled lesion area using image analysis, it was shown that the three-spot gouramis developed a more vigorous response than the sand whiting. Based on the EUS model, the effects of either rapid or gradual decrease in temperature on the histopathology of EUS in sand whiting was documented. Qualitative and quantitative histopathological examinations revealed a marked delay in the inflammatory response of fish maintained at low temperature. EUS lesions were also induced in skin-abraded three-spot gouramis exposed to motile A. invadans zoospores, with higher mortality in fish subjected to daily temperature variations (26 °C to 19°C) than in fish held at 26°C. Histopathological examination also revealed minimal inflammatory cell infiltration and delayed mycotic granuloma formation with extensive tissue damage in temperature-stressed fish. Fish oil, L-cysteine ethyl ester, yeast glucans and levamisole were trialled as prophylactics against EUS. Only yeast glucans and levamisole gave encouraging results. Results from this study showed that low and fluctuating temperature could affect the host's defense mechanisms against EUS and that preventive measures should be aimed at the maintenance of the epidermal integrity and improvement of the nonspecific immune response of fish.
Developing a vision for improved monitoring and reporting of riparian restoration projects: MDBA Riparian Restoration Experiment Workshop, Melbourne, 16 November 2010

Summary Representatives from agencies involved in natural resource management in the Murray-Darling Basin gathered for a workshop in November 2010 to develop a vision for improved monitoring and reporting of riparian restoration projects. The resounding message from this workshop was that the effectiveness of riparian restoration depends on having sound, documented and agreed evidence on the ecological responses to restoration efforts. Improving our capacity to manage and restore riparian ecosystems is constrained by (i) a lack of ecological evidence on the effects of restoration efforts, and (ii) short-termism in commitment to restoration efforts, in funding of monitoring and in expected time spans for ecosystem recovery. Restoration at the effective spatial scope will invariably require a long-term commitment by researchers, funding agencies, management agencies and landholders. To address the knowledge gaps that constrain riparian restoration in the Basin, participants endorsed four major fields for future research: the importance of landscape context to restoration outcomes; spatio-temporal scaling of restoration outcomes; functional effects of restoration efforts; and developing informative and effective indicators of restoration. To improve the monitoring and restoration of riparian zones throughout the Basin, participants advocated an integrated approach: a hierarchical adaptive management framework that incorporates long-term ecological research.
Plant‐mediated effects of soil invertebrates and summer drought on above‐ground multitrophic interactions

1. We conducted a large‐scale field study to determine how the interactive effects of earthworms (Aporrectodea caliginosa) and summer drought affected plant communities containing barley (Hordeum vulgare), shepherd’s purse (Capsella bursa‐pastoris) and common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris), and how such effects then influenced populations of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi and its parasitoid, Aphidius ervi.
Regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase by protein phosphatase 2A

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis, is stimulated by N-terminal phosphorylation on its regulatory domain and inhibited by protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A (PP2A). PP2A comprising of an AC core dimer composed of catalytic (C) and scaffolding (A) subunit is complexed to a variable regulatory subunit derived from three gene families (B, B’, B”). My thesis work was focused on studying the regulation of TH by PP2A. I found out that in catecholaminesecreting PC12 cells, inducible expression of PP2A/B’β decreased both N-terminal Ser phosphorylation and in situ TH activity, whereas inducible silencing of endogenous B’β had the opposite effect. Furthermore, PP2A/ B’β directly dephosphorylated TH in vitro. B’β was highly expressed in dopaminergic cell bodies in the rat substantia nigra, however it was excluded from TH-positive terminal fields in the striatum and failed to colocalize with presynaptic markers in general. I detected higher TH phosphorylation in processes than in somata of dopaminergic neurons. This is consistent with a model in which B’β enrichment in neuronal cell bodies helps confine catecholamine synthesis to axon terminals. I further investigated the mechanism of substrate specificity by B’β holoenzyme. Using the PP2A/ B’γ crystal structure as a guide, I identified Glu of B’β as a critical residue for dephosphorylation of TH in PC12 cells. PC12 cell lines expressing B’β/ E153R mutant were unable to dephosphorylate TH and this mutant demonstrated reduced pSer-TH phosphatase activity in vitro. By site directed mutagenesis, I demonstrated that Arg and Arg within the PKA-Ser {part of a PKA consensus sequence (-RRXS-)} sequence of TH was critical for dephosphorylation by B’β. I also showed that PC12 cell line expressing B’β/E153R mutant exhibited reduced
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION IN ROUND GOBY (NEOGOBIUS MELANOSTOMUS) FROM HAMILTON HARBOUR

The occurrence of endocrine disruption in aquatic species is of growing concern in the Great Lakes region. Feminized male white perch (Morone americana) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) have been observed in Hamilton Harbour, a heavily polluted embayment of Lake Ontario. The harbour is impacted by wastewater effluent, containing pharmaceuticals and natural steroid hormones, as well as sediment -bound industrial contaminants including pol ycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (P AHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). This study investigated the severity of endocrine disruption in Hamilton Harbour in an attempt to identify which areas of the harbour are most heavily impacted and thereby, which contaminants are the most potent endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The round goby, an invasive species found throughout the Great Lakes region, was used as the model species. Three biological endpoints in male fish were observed: intersex (the presence of oocytes in male gonads), feminization of secondary sexual characteristics, and vitellogenin (Vtg) gene upregulation. Vtg is an egg yolk precursor protein normally highly expressed in reproductively active females. Vtg qPCR assays were developed and tested using an in vivo lab exposure to estradiol, a known Vtg-inducing compound. Field studies looked for site differences and revealed that there were significant differences among sites in all three biological endpoints. More heavily impacted sites had high signals from each endpoint while moderately impacted sites displayed Vtg upregulation and feminization of secondary sexual characteristics, but not intersex. As expected, reference sites were not impacted by endocrine disruption. Sites influenced primarily by wastewater effluent were moderately impacted, suggesting
Discrimination of Chinese Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Uzbek Glycyrrhiza glabra Using Taste Sensor

ABSTRACT Objectives：Genetic analysis and taste pattern were performed to identify s pecies between Glycyrrhiza uralensis and G. glabra which are officially listed in Korean Pharmacopoeia Ⅸ as origin of Gamcho(gāncǎo, licorice root, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Methods：Genetic analysis showed that identification between two species was done by comparing base sequence of ITS(intergenic transcribed spacer) and trnH-psbA regions from eleven Gamchoes sold in market. There was different taste pattern using by taste sensor in Glycyrrhiza uralensis and G. glabra.Results：Genetic analysis showed that six Gamchoes from China were ident ified as Glycyrrhiza uralensis and five Gamchoes from Uzbekistan were G. glabra. From the results of taste pattern, sourness and astringency of Glycyrrhiza uralensis from China were significantly higher than G. glabra from Uzbekistan, and aftertaste of astringency, aftertaste of umami, and saltiness of Glycyrrhiza uralensis were signicantly low as compared to G. glabra. There is no significant difference between two species in ter ms of bitterness, aftertaste of bitterness, and umami.Conclusions：Taken together, Glycyrrhiza uralensis from China and G. glabra from Uzbekistan were identified by taste sensor, and this technic could be applied to establishment of taste pattern marker for identification of different species located in various regions.Key words : Gamcho(gāncǎo, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, taste sensor, taste pattern
The sustainability indicator industry: where to from here? A focus group study to explore the potential of farmer participation in the development of indicators.

In Australia, the work being carried out on sustainability indicators has become an industry on its own. This paper firstly provides an introduction that reviews the literature on indicator development and use, particularly in relation to agricultural production systems. A number of reasons for the limited use of indicators by farmers are mentioned. Secondly, a focus group study involving farmers from two dryland cropping areas in Queensland to investigate sustainability indicators and sustainable farming systems is presented. The indicators the participants identified during focus groups included indicators that reflect (i) farming system components, (ii) the management of these components, (iii) the management of all components and their interrelationships at the systems level, and (iv) the external factors that influence and interact with this systems level. Focus group analysis also showed that the participants perceived sustainability as an on-going process and a sustainable farming system as dynamic and emergent in nature. The implications of these findings are discussed. Three key issues were raised (i) the value of farmer knowledge with respect to the development of indicators has often been ignored; (ii) there are links between indicators developed through traditional science and those being used by farmers; and (iii) off-farm indicators used by farmers may be very useful in policy development at a variety of levels (e.g. catchment, regional, national, global). The focus group method involving farmers provided a useful way to gain insights about farmer perceptions and for farmers to learn from each other during the research process.
Housed Memories: Spatial and Temporal Portrayals in Virginia Woolf’s The Voyage Out

Neurocognitive research has confirmed that people perceive and remember the “rooms of their own” similarly to their own bodies. These psychological discoveries yield important new insights into the oeuvre of Virginia Woolf, an avid diarist, flâneuse and experimenter, preoccupied with gendered memory and space available to women in the early 20th century. While there exists an important and growing body of work on Woolf’s interest into women’s emancipation and politics of space, the gendered connection between spatial and temporal aspects of her works remains a little researched area, particularly in the context of neurocognitive theory of memory. This paper argues that in The Voyage Out the representations of the protagonist, Rachel Vinrace, are structured around the processes of autobiographical remembering and spatial perception, as her private rooms serve as loci of her memory and identity. It is then possible to interpret Rachel’s rooms as her spatial portraits, which perceived by other characters tell their inhabitant’s life story. A similar role could be attributed to the autobiographical memory, which preserves their owner’s temporal portrayals in particular moments of her life.
Envelope Glycoprotein Determinants of HIV -1 Induced Membrane Fusion

textabstractIn 1983 the isolation of a previously unknown human retrovirus was first associated with a newly recognized acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), characterized by unusual opportunistic infections and malignancies (II). Subsequently repeated retrovirus isolations from individuals with AIDS or from individuals known to be at risk of acquiring this disease were reported (53,99,133). These retroviruses were characterized as members ofa separate group of primate lentiviruses, the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). They were indeed identified as the etiological agents of AIDS (29,143,153). Within this group two major subtypes are presently distinguished: HIV-I and HIV-2 (26,27,64). The lentiviruses identified to date which may cause AIDS like syndromes in infected animals include simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Both SIV infection of macaques and FIV infections of cats are presently used as animal models for HIV infections in humans (97). Here a concise overview of the biology of HI V-I is presented, with special attention for the process of HIV-I induced membrane fusion which is at the basis of viral entry and syncytium formation.
Hacia una psicología libre de paños tibios: actitudes, prejuicio y distancia social de psicoterapeutas hacia gays y lesbianas

La literatura sobre la tematica LGBT ha demostrado que las actitudes negativas hacia las poblaciones de gays y lesbianas permea en la comunidad general. En menor escala, se han encontrado actitudes negativas en cierta poblacion de los/as profesionales de la salud mental. El conocimiento cientifico avala la relacion entre las actitudes del psicoterapeuta y el posterior resultado de la terapia. Es por esta razon, que resulta importante revisar las actitudes, el prejuicio y la distancia social de los/as psicologos con licencia para ofrecer servicios terapeuticos en la isla a personas gays y lesbianas. Los resultados revelan que se encontraron, en su mayoria, actitudes positivas hacia la poblacion, poca o ninguna distancia social y niveles bajos de prejuicio. Tambien, se encontro un factor asociado a las tres variables del estudio: la asistencia a servicios religiosos. Aunque los resultados son positivos, al tratar de una poblacion de profesionales de la salud mental resulta preocupante los porcientos neutrales y moderados encontrados. Los/as terapeutas tienen un deber etico de ser profesionales afirmativos hacia las personas gays y lesbianas.
Artificial Intelligence and Disinformation

This article explores the challenges and opportunities presented by advances in artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of information operations. The article first examines the ways in which AI can be used to counter disinformation online. It then dives into some of the limitations of AI solutions and threats associated with AI techniques, namely user profiling, micro-targeting, and deep fakes. Finally, the paper reviews a number of solutions that could help address the spread of AI-powered disinformation and improve the online environment. The article recognises that in the fight against disinformation, there is no single fix. The next wave of disinformation calls first and foremost for societal resilience.
Barcoding a Lionfish’s Last Meal: A Citizen Science Research Project for
 the Classroom

Barcoding a Lionfish’s Last Meal is a project that engages students in authentic research and uses molecular techniques to study an environmental issue—invasion of the lionfish. Red lionfish (Pterois volitans) are a voracious invasive species indigenous to Indo-Pacific waters that have the potential to greatly disrupt coral reef ecosystems. We report the initial data gathered from high school and university students as well as high school teachers attending professional development workshops. Data is shared on the iNaturalist website (see Resources) to allow widespread access for analysis. This project is now in its third year.
Statistical graph models of temporal brain networks

La discipline encore naissante des reseaux complexes est vecteur d'un changement de paradigme dans la neuroscience. Les connectomes estimes a partir de mesures de neuroimagerie comme l? electroencephalographie, la magnetoencephalographie ou encore l? imagerie par resonance magnetique fonctionnelle fournissent une representation abstraite du cerveau sous la forme d? un graphe, ce qui a permis des percees decisives dans la comprehension compacte et objective des proprietes topologiques et physiologiques des cerveaux sains. Cependant, les approches de pointe ignorent souvent l'incertitude et la nature temporelle de donnees de connectivite fonctionnelles. La plupart des methodes disponibles dans la litterature ont en effet ete developpees pour caracteriser les reseaux cerebraux fonctionnels comme des graphes statiques composes de n? uds (des regions cerebrales) et des liens (intensite de connectivite fonctionnelle) par metrique de reseau. En consequence, la theorie des reseaux complexes a ete principalement appliquee a des etudes transversales avec une unique mesure par sujet, produisant au final une caracterisation consistant en une moyenne de phenomenes neronaux spatiotemporels. Nous avons implemente des methodes statistiques pour modeliser et simuler des reseaux cerebraux temporels. Nous avons utilise des modeles de graphe qui permettent d'etudier simultanement a quel point les differentes proprietes des reseaux influencent la topologie observee dans les reseaux de connectivite cerebrale fonctionnelle. Nous avons identifie avec succes les mecanismes de connectivite locale fondamentaux qui gouvernent les proprietes des reseaux cerebraux. Nous avons propose l'adaptation tempo
Multicontact Locomotion of Legged Robots

Locomotion of legged robots on arbitrary terrain using multiple contacts is yet an open problem. To tackle it, a common approach is to rely on reduced template models (e.g., the linear inverted pendulum). However, most of existing template models are based on some restrictive hypotheses that limit their range of applications. Moreover, reduced models are generally not able to cope with the constraints of the robot complete model, such as the kinematic limits. In this paper, we propose a complete solution relying on a generic template model, based on the centroidal dynamics, able to quickly compute multicontact locomotion trajectories for any legged robot on arbitrary terrains. The template model relies on exact dynamics and is thus not limited by arbitrary assumption. We also propose a generic procedure to handle feasibility constraints due to the robot's whole body as occupancy measures, and a systematic way to approximate them using offline learning in simulation. An efficient solver is finally obtained by introducing an original second-order approximation of the centroidal wrench cone. The effectiveness and the versatility of the approach are demonstrated in several multicontact scenarios with two humanoid robots both in reality and in simulation.
Hydrometra in a Deccani ewe after oestrus synchronization and artificial insemination.

Hydrometra is a rarely encountered clinical condition in sheep which causes temporary infertility. This case study reports hydrometra in a Deccani sheep. Echographic examination of uterus revealed thin uterine wall with hyperechoic trabeculae traversing through intrauterine anechoic fluid. Large volumes of fluid was voided (cloudburst) from uterus within 48 h post treatment with single injection of cloprostenol 125 mcg (PGF2a analogue) and ewe conceived successfully 30 days postbreeding.
Caractérisation des capacités de régulation génétique de la bactérie Buchnera aphidicola en liaison avec sa fonction symbiotique chez le puceron Acyrthosiphon pisum

L'association entre la bacterie Buchnera aphidicola et les pucerons est l'un des modeles de symbiose les plus etudies aux plans evolutif, biochimique et plus recemment moleculaire. Il est admis que Buchnera fournit les acides amines essentiels aux pucerons, qui se nourrissent de la seve phloemienne des plantes, aliment particulierement pauvre en apports proteiques. La question des mecanismes de regulation du symbiote en reponse aux exigences nutritionnelles de son hote reste cependant ouverte. Pour repondre a cette question, dans la premiere partie de cette these, nous avons analyse les relations entre l'expressivite des genes et l'organisation du chromosome de Buchnera et montre qu'il existe une influence reciproque entre ces deux parametres. Dans la deuxieme partie de ce travail nous avons mis en evidence que la bacterie est capable d'ajuster la neosynthese de leucine en reponse a des concentrations changeantes de cet acide amine dans l'alimentation de son hote. Les mecanismes moleculaires sous-jacents sont constitues par une reponse transcriptionnelle rapide completee, plus tardivement, par une modification du nombre de copies du plasmide pLeu, portant les genes de biosynthese de la leucine. L'ensemble de ces resultats suggere que Buchnera a conserve, malgre la reduction de son genome, des capacites regulatrices essentielles pour l'adaptation du puceron aux contraintes de son environnement.
Studies on Stored cereal degradation by AlternAriA tenuissima

Se estudio la habilidad de una cepa de Alternaria tenuissima Kunze (IMI 301005) Wiltshire de degradar y alterar el perfil de nutrientes de tres cereales nigerianos comunes. Los granos seleccionados fueron Pennisetum glaucum , Sorghum vulgare y Oryza sativa . Las grasas, fibras y proteinas disminuyeron en los sustratos inoculados, hecho acompanado de un incremento en el contenido de ceniza. Los niveles mas altos de degradacion de cereal por el hongo (moho) se obtuvieron en cultivos con pH de 6.8 en un intervalo de temperatura de 30-35 o C. A partir de las 48 horas de incubacion se detectaron proteasas extracelulares en todos los medios de cultivo.