Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of levetiracetam and lacosamide on therapeutic efficacy and neural function in patients with epilepsy

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of levetiracetam tablets and lacosamide (LCM) on therapeutic efficacy and neural function in patients with epilepsy. We assigned 252 patients with refractory partial seizures admitted to our hospital to receive either levetiracetam tablets [120 patients, the control group (CG)] or levetiracetam tablets combined with LCM [132 patients, the joint group (JG)]. The bone mineral density and neural function between the two groups at 6 months before and after treatment were compared. The total response rate was higher in the JG than in the CG (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the comparison of the multiple indexes between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). The frequency of seizures was reduced after treatment in the two groups, however, it was lower in the JG compared with the CG (P<0.05). The levels of neurological indicators were significantly reduced after treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), however, the reduction was more marked in the JG than in the CG. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck decreased after treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), but there was no difference between the two groups after treatment (P>0.05). The calcium content decreased after treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), but there was no difference between the two groups after treatment (P>0.05). The comparison of other bone metabolism markers between the two groups exhibited no significant differences. The combination therapy greatly increased the quality of life score and the 1-year drug retention rate. To sum up, levetiracetam tablets combined with LCM significantly enhanced the therapeutic effect and improved the neural function in patients with refractory partial seizures, however this therapy may cause a slight adverse effect on BMD and bone metabolism in the short term.
Comparative Analyses of the Self-Sealing Mechanisms in Leaves of Delosperma cooperi and Delosperma ecklonis (Aizoaceae)

Within the Aizoaceae, the genus Delosperma exhibits a vast diversification colonizing various ecological niches in South-Africa and showing evolutionary adaptations to dry habitats that might include rapid self-sealing. Leaves of Delosperma react to external damage by the bending or contraction of the entire leaf until wound edges are brought into contact. A study of leaf morphology and anatomy, biomechanics of entire leaves and individual tissues and self-sealing kinematics after a ring incision under low and high relative humidity (RH) was carried out comparing the closely related species Delosperma cooperi and Delosperma ecklonis, which are indigenous to semi-arid highlands and regions with an oceanic climate, respectively. For both species, the absolute contractions of the examined leaf segments (“apex”, “incision”, “base”) were more pronounced at low RH levels. Independent of the given RH level, the absolute contractions within the incision region of D. cooperi were significantly higher than in all other segments of this species and of D. ecklonis. The more pronounced contraction of D. cooperi leaves was linked mainly to the elastic properties of the central vascular strand, which is approximately twice as flexible as that of D. ecklonis leaves.
Patient-derived cells from recurrent tumors that model the evolution of IDH-mutant glioma

Abstract Background IDH-mutant lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) evolve under the selective pressure of therapy, but well-characterized patient-derived cells (PDCs) modeling evolutionary stages are lacking. IDH-mutant LGGs may develop therapeutic resistance associated with chemotherapy-driven hypermutation and malignant progression. The aim of this study was to establish and characterize PDCs, single-cell-derived PDCs (scPDCs), and xenografts (PDX) of IDH1-mutant recurrences representing distinct stages of tumor evolution. Methods We derived and validated cell cultures from IDH1-mutant recurrences of astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma. We used exome sequencing and phylogenetic reconstruction to examine the evolutionary stage represented by PDCs, scPDCs, and PDX relative to corresponding spatiotemporal tumor tissue and germline DNA. PDCs were also characterized for growth and tumor immortality phenotypes, and PDX were examined histologically. Results The integrated astrocytoma phylogeny revealed 2 independent founder clonal expansions of hypermutated (HM) cells in tumor tissue that are faithfully represented by independent PDCs. The oligodendroglioma phylogeny showed more than 4000 temozolomide-associated mutations shared among tumor samples, PDCs, scPDCs, and PDX, suggesting a shared monoclonal origin. The PDCs from both subtypes exhibited hallmarks of tumorigenesis, retention of subtype-defining genomic features, production of 2-hydroxyglutarate, and subtype-specific telomere maintenance mechanisms that confer tumor cell immortality. The oligodendroglioma PDCs formed infiltrative intracranial tumors with characteristic histology. Conclusions These PDCs, scPDCs, and PDX are unique and versatile community resources that model the heterogeneous clonal origins and functions of recurrent IDH1-mutant LGGs. The integrated phylogenies advance our knowledge of the complex evolution and immense mutational load of IDH1-mutant HM glioma.
ERP CORRELATES ATTENTION BIAS PHYSICAL AGGRESSION 1 Physical aggression and attentional bias to angry faces: An event related potential study

This study aimed to identify the neural correlates of aggression-related attentional selectivity to angry faces in physical aggression. Physical aggression in a non-clinical sample of young men (N = 36) was measured using an aggression questionnaire. Visual attentional bias to angry faces was assessed using a dot-probe task during which angry and neutral faces were presented simultaneously, and EEG was recorded. Median split and correlational analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between physical aggression and attentional bias. Behavioural results indicated that higher levels of physical aggression were associated with greater attentional bias to angry faces. ERP results revealed an interaction where males with higher physical aggression had undifferentiated P3 amplitudes to angry and neutral trials, whereas low physical aggression males exhibited greater P3 amplitude to angry than to neutral trials (effect of probe congruency). Increased levels of physical aggression were also significantly correlated with increased P3 amplitude to probes replacing neutral faces, relative to angry faces. It was concluded that the aggressive males selectively attend to angry faces, and that attentional bias is characterized by undifferentiated P3 amplitude. We propose that this results from an inferior ability to downregulate competing angry face distractors when responding to probes replacing neutral faces (as reflected by the P3 response). These findings indicate that attentional bias to angry faces in individuals with higher physical aggression is characterized by a distinctive ERP signature; this could inform the development of therapeutic interventions seeking to reduce aggression.
Glutamattransport und exzitatorische synaptische Transmission im medialen entorhinalen Cortex

D i s s e r t a t i o n zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades d o c t o r r e r u m n a t u r a l i u m Abstract Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. The precise control of extracellular glutamate is crucial for the maintenance of normal synaptic transmission and the prevention of excitotoxicity. High-affinity glutamate transporters ensure termination of glutamatergic neurotransmission and keep the synaptic glutamate concentration below excitotoxic levels. In layer III, a region that is especially prone to cell damage in Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and epilepsy, and layer V of the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) effects of blocking glutamate uptake on excitatory synaptic transmission were studied. Extracellular recordings in rat brain slices revealed that application of glutamate uptake inhibitors significantly reduced stimulus-induced negative field potentials in both, layer III and V of the mEC. This effect showed no significant differences in both layers suggesting a similar glutamate regulation in layer III and V. Therefore, only layer III neurons of the mEC were used for the subsequent intracellular and patch-clamp recordings. Two competitive glutamate transporter antagonists, DL-TBOA and L-trans-2,4-PDC, reduced the amplitude of pharmacologically isolated EPSPs/EPSCs without changing the time course of the events. This effect was mimicked by trans-(±)-ACPD, an agonist of group I and II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). The competitive group I and II mGluR antagonist MCPG blocked the depression of the EPSC amplitude induced by trans-(±)-ACPD and also masked the effect of either DL-TBOA or L-trans-2,4-PDC. Furthermore, EGLU, which selectively antagonizes group II mGluRs, masked the effect of L-trans-2,4-PDC but not that of DL-TBOA, indicating an involvement of group I mGluRs in the latter case. Finally, DL-TBOA significantly enhanced the paired-pulse index, suggesting a presynaptic mechanism for the depression of EPSP/EPSC amplitude, whereas application of L-trans-2,4-PDC had no significant effect on the paired-pulse behaviour. The present study shows that both transport inhibitors depress pharmacologically isolated EPSPs/EPSCs in layer III neurons of the mEC in combined entorhinal-hippocampal slices. This effect seems to be mediated via activation of different groups of mGluRs. The results suggest that DL-TBOA causes a negative feedback on glutamate release via indirect activation of presynaptic group I mGluRs, possibly due to an accumulation of glutamate, whereas application of L-trans-2,4-PDC most likely leads to an activation of presynaptic group II mGluRs reducing Ca 2+-independent release. The …
SUPRAMOLECULAR APPROACH IN TUNING MOLECULAR PROPERTIES: POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS

Supramolecular chemistry is an extensively evolving area having immense importance in various disciplines of chemistry and biology. In broad sense, supramolecular chemistry deals with complex chemical systems that are spontaneously formed by the association of compatible (both chemically and structurally) molecular units via noncovalent interactions. Such systems are special not only in their structures but also in bringing out interesting properties that can find many useful applications in various areas. Since supramolecular systems are formed only due to noncovalent interactions (hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding or Coulombic interactions) and because these interactions are much weaker than the covalent bonds, for the stability of such systems their constituent units are generally of large molecular sizes so that there are multiple and extensive interactions among the constituent units. In nature, supramolecular interactions lead to the formation Abstract
Interactive comment on “Comparison of mean age of air in five reanalyses using the BASCOE transport model” by Simon Chabrillat et al

This paper examines the distribution of age of air (AoA), its seasonal and quasi-biennial variation, and its long-term trend using result from the BASCOE model driven by output from five atmospheric reanalyses over the period 1980-2015. The principal conclusion is that the simulations of AoA obtained when BASCOE is constrained by different reanalyzed datasets differ substantially from one another. This is not at all unexpected given the differences among the reanalysis models.
Incentives for Multimodal Treatment-first Step Towards Pay for Quality (P4Q) for Chronic Care: Health Services Research from Germany

Pay for Quality (P4Q) is being discussed as an incentive to ensure high quality standards despite cost pressure in healthcare. However, P4Q can also have adverse effects, and the evidence for its effectiveness is limited, especially regarding chronic conditions and multimorbidity. For the treatment of the latter, specific evaluation criteria were defined. Whether these are feasible in the context of costs and remunerations is analyzed in this study using the German DRG system as an example. The aim is to show conditions under which P4Q can be effective. Costs and remuneration for hospitals were compared for an exemplary geriatric indication, with and without complex treatment. Doing so, cost weights were shown to be more than triple for the latter. The results are applicable to health care systems with P4Q or similar approaches. Introducing complex treatments poses higher and costly demands regarding structure, processes, and interdisciplinary cooperation in organizations. Additional average costs can be calculated by comparison to regular treatment. Covering the extra costs creates the necessary conditions for P4Q and makes the implementation of complex treatments more likely. As high standards have to be guaranteed for complex treatments and patient satisfaction rises when these are introduced, quality improvements can be assumed. This study can inform Health policy (incentive models) medical societies, give impulses for quality management, and healthcare research (patient-oriented health, e.g. consumer-driven health care, shared decision-making). Future studies should report patient-related outcomes and investigate further diagnoses.
Articulated Motion Models for Scene Understanding

We hypothesize a articulated model world view of scene understanding by representing scene as collection of objects/bodies (humans, chairs, doors, walls, ﬂoor etc.) which are connected to each other by various types of articulated joints (prismatic, revolute, static, motion along a plane etc.). Spatial structure of scene is due to the nature of these articulated joints, i.e. objects do not exhibit motions with full degree of freedom (6 for 3-dimensional world) but instead have a structure afforded by the articulated joint (door moves about a hinge). Along with this spatial structure, we hypothesize motion in world is temporally structured by ﬁnite order of motion. We use this spatio-temporal structure to represent the scene and demonstrate the proposed framework for the problem of Simultaneous localization and Area Mapping in dynamic environments.
SUPERCAPACITOR AND BATTERY POWER MANAGEMENT IN ELECTRIC VEHICLE APPLICATION Miss

This paper presents on application of supercapacitor and battery power management in electrical vehicle. In the last few years the pollution problems and the increase of the cost of fossil energy (oil, gas) have become planetary problems. The car manufacturers started to react to the urban pollution problems in nineties by commercializing the electric vehicle. But the battery weight and cost problems were not solved. Battery power request in transient state decreases its life span. To solve this problem, the battery and supercapacitor (SCAP) hybridization, there must be good energy management between these devices which enables the reduction of the battery size and improves its life span. This paper presents supercapacitor (SCAP) and battery modelling with an original energy management strategy in a hybrid storage technology. The studied dc power supply is composed of SCAPs and batteries. SCAPs are dimensioned for peak power requirement, and batteries provide the power in steady state. In this paper we are going to concentrate on various parameters of supercapacitor. A IOT Controller used for the digital meter which shows the speed of motor and battery level also. Batteries are directly connected to the dc bus. The originality of this study is focused on SCAP behaviour modelling and energy management strategy. In electric vehicle applications of super capacitor have been reviewed in detail. It was found that the vehicle using supercapacitors had the better performance than those using the batteries and in general more efficient. In addition, there is a good possibility that the life of the capacitors would be equal to that of the electric vehicle. By using this combination, the overall characteristic of battery is improved and the performance of battery is improved. Keyword: Supercapacitor(SCAP), Ride through, Battery, and Power Management etc.
Meat Tenderness Genetic and Genomic Variation Sources in Commercial Beef Cattle

To assess genetic group (GGR; Bos indicus [Bi], Bos taurus [Bt] and crosses [BtxBi]) and to confirm the calpain (CAPN316 and CAPN4751) and calpastatin (CAST-T1) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects on Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF), 196 animals under commercial conditions were analyzed. A model was fitted including the effect of GGR and considering residuals as adjusted WBSF (aWBSF). Another model was fitted to evaluate the SNP effect on aWBSF. Allele substitution effect (α) and combined favorable alleles in CAPN and CAST on aWBSF were evaluated. GGR showed a significant effect (P < 0.0001) on WBSF; Bt and BtxBi had the lower WBSF. CAPN316 showed significant effect on aWBSF with an α = −0.549 kg. The combined effect of CAPN and CAST showed significant (P < 0.0056) reduction on aWBSF of 0.239 kg by favorable allele. The results remarked the importance of GGR and confirmed CAPN316 and combined effect of CAPN and CAST on prediction of meat tenderness. Practical Applications Knowledge of main factors related to tenderness, as a key related factor to beef consumer satisfaction, would serve as a resource for commercial beef classification and management under slaughterhouse conditions. Confirmation on combined marker effects provides strong validation for marker-assisted management use of these technologies under industry conditions. Additionally, the presented results may be used as a reference for research in the beef industry aimed to provide improvement on beef tenderness to the final product.
Climatic Conditions Around Greenland-1998

Warmer than normal conditions were observed around Greenland for most of the year 1998. Based on sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly maps for all months of 1998 it is shown that the arctic water mass components have increasing influence on the surface waters from October onwards, and may be traced by the SST anomalies well into early summer. Oceanographic observations made at Standard Oceanographic Stations off West Greenland reveal record high warming of the advective component of the West Greenland Current, the Irminger component. With a mean temperature of 6.43°C in the water layer 200-300m these findings are the highest temperatures ever observed at Fyllas Bank Station 4 during autumn. Salinity measurements made for the same water layer at the Cape Desolation Station 3 indicates that the salinity anomaly which was observed during autumn 1997, was a single year’s event. Air temperatures as measured at Nuuk/West Greenland reveal higher than normal (0.4K) anomalies. As analysed for the last year’s NAFO Sc. Council contribution the author is convinced that the observed warming is of the same type as in the previous decades of the 1970s and 1980s: an intermediate warming. Introduction Monitoring environmental data leads after a considerable time of systematic sampling to understanding environmental variability. Following this philosophy, meteorologists arrived at time-series of e.g. air temperatures which cover periods of more than 100 years, after starting observations in the middle of the last century. Oceanographers have followed long time-series of data collection at Oceanographic Standard Stations, where measurements were performed at he same position, during the same season of the year (Stein, 1998). Some examples are Station 27 off St. John’s, NFLD, the Fyllas Bank Station 4 off Nuuk, Greenland, or oceanographic data from Ocean Weather Ships (e.g. BRAVO at about 56°30’N, 51°W). There is now, at the end of this century, increasing interest to use these long-term observations for prognostic approaches (Stein and Lloret, 1999). Following Latif (1998), the climate system exhibits considerable natural variability on time scales of the order of decades. Decadal climate variability is an important issue for three reasons: • A better understanding of the mechanisms generating decadal climate variability might open the possibility to make predictions at decadal time scales.
Comparison of Copper Dissolution in Chalcopyrite Concentrate Bioleaching with Acidianus Brierleyi in Different Initial pH Values

Although bioleaching of chalcopyrite by thermophilic microorganisms enhances the rate of copper recovery, a high temperature accelerates iron precipitation as jarosite, which can bring many operational problems in the industrial processes. In this research work, the bioleaching of chalcopyrite concentrate by the thermophilic Acidianus brierleyi was studied, and the microbial growth, copper dissolution, iron oxidation, and jarosite precipitation were monitored in different initial pH (pHi) values. Bacterial growth was greatly affected by pHi. While the bacterial growth was delayed for 11 days with a pHi value of 0.8, this delay was reduced to nearly one day for a pHi value of 1.2. Two stages of copper recovery were observed during all the tests. A high pHi value caused a fast bacterial growth in the first stage and severe jarosite precipitation in the later days causing a sharp decline in the bacterial population and copper leaching rate. The copper recoveries after 11 days were 25%, 78%, 84%, 70%, 56%, and 39% for the pHi values of 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, and 1.7, respectively. Sulfur and jarosite were the main residues of the bioleaching tests. It was revealed that the drastic effect of jarosite precipitation on the microbial growth and copper recovery was mainly caused by the ferric iron depletion from solution rather than passivation of the chalcopyrite surface. A slow precipitation of crystalline jarosite did not cause a passive chalcopyrite surface. The mechanisms of chalcopyrite bioleaching were discussed.
Blockchain secure cloud: a new generation integrated cloud and blockchain platforms – general concepts and challenges

is the Professor of computer science and Head of the Computer Science Department at Cracow University of Technology. She works also in Research and Academic Computer Network (NASK) Institute. Prof. Kołodziej serves as the President of the Polish Chapter of IEEE Computational Intelligence Society. She participated in several international and national projects including ECONET, 7FP and PARAPHRASE 7FP Grants. Currently, she is the Principal Investigator of Horizon 2020 cHiPSet Cost project IC1406 (chipset-cost.eu). She is the leader of the Polish consortium of BalticSatApps EU InterReg project (http://balticsatapps.eu/). Prof. Kołodziej is the author and editor of 20+ books and the author of 170+scientific publications in top world international journals in the area of computer science and applied mathematics.