Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Municipality level accessibility to specialized health care in Norway

In the Norwegian health care system equal distribution and access to care regardless of social status, gender, ethnicity and area of living has been raised as an important issue. This paper studies the extent to which the principle of “equal access” to specialized health care is maintained in the specialist health care delivery system of Norway. Access to specialized health care in this study is measured as a distance weighted form of the ratio “per head specialized health care” for each municipality and includes rich information on the capacity of specialist health care and the distance from residence to the hospital and private specialist care. We find inequality of access to specialist health care revealing that the capital Oslo has the best access to specialist health care and the residents of the northern- and easternmost county of Norway (Finnmark county) has the worst access. We consider this study to be helpful in identifying how equitable specialized health care are distributed and in developing future health policies.
Beheersing van Streptococcus suis bij gespeende biggen voor management maatregelen

Via een vragenlijst, die ingevuld is door 50 varkenshouders, is inzicht verkregen in risicofactoren ten aanzien van Streptococcus suis bij gespeende biggen en in managementmaatregelen die varkenshouders kunnen nemen om de streptococcenproblematiek op hun bedrijf te verminderen
Características clínicas y paraclínicas de las neoplasias mieloproliferativas crónicas cromosoma Filadelfia negativas

Objective: describe features clinics and patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm chromosome Philadelphia negative valued at the Hospital San Jose hematology outpatient from January 2005 until May 2010. Materials and methods: Studio series case included patients diagnosed with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm chromosome Philadelphia negative. Results: A total of 34 chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm chromosome Philadelphia negative patients were identified. The main found diagnosis was Essential Thrombocythemia in 17 patients (50%), Polycythemia Rubra Vera in six patients (17.6%), chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with eosinophilia in six patients (17.6%), myelofibrosis primary in three patients (8.8%) and chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm not classifiable in two patients (5.8%). The median age was 63.5 years (R: 51-74) and 21 patients (61.7%) were female. Two patients in the total number progressed Myelofibrosis (5.8%), no patient acute leukemia development. Twenty-seven patients (79.4%) received Hydroxyurea as main pharmacological management. Fourteen patients presented complications (41.1%), of which fve were thrombotic episodes (14.7%), three bleeding episodes (8.8%), three patients had pulmonary hypertension (8.8%) and one patient developed Vertigo (2.9%). Finally the time since diagnosis until the occurrence of complications was 19.55 months (R: 8-50.23). Conclusion: neoplasm Mieloproliferativas Chronicles are very rare pathologies, as many are grouped into essential Thrombocythemia, Polycythemia Vera and neoplasms associated with Eosinophilia. The main therapeutic option is with a low toxicity Hydroxyurea. It is not possible to analyze the presence of mutations tyrosine kinases (JAK2 V617F PGDFRA PDGFRB, FGFR1) because they are tools of recent entry to the diagnostic arsenal and whose impact as a prognostic factor or therapeutic is in studio. Thrombotic venous events are frequently found in these patients. (Acta Med Colomb 2012; 37: 66-73)
A new neural network structure with cooperative modules

A new neural network structure is proposed in order to solve complex (large) classification problems. At first, the problem is divided into a number of simpler sub-problems using an unsupervised network. Then, each sub-problem is solved using one module of the proposed network. The new addition to this traditional "divide-and-conquer" structure is a voting layer above the outputs of the modules. In this layer, the modules cooperate in deciding the final decision by training every module on some additional classes: each class represents a group of classes of another module. During testing, the average "vote" of the modules for each other is calculated and multiplied by the classes output. This scheme gave higher accuracy and faster learning speed than the backpropagation scheme. A recursive hierarchy of this network can be built-up for more enhancement to the performance. <<ETX>>
Sex Differences in Autonomic Cardiac Control and Oxygen Saturation Response to Short-Term Normobaric Hypoxia and Following Recovery: Effect of Aerobic Fitness

Introduction: The main aims of this study were to investigate autonomic nervous system (ANS) and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) responses to simulated altitude in males and females, and to determine the association between maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and these responses. Materials and Methods: Heart rate variability (HRV) and SpO2 were monitored in a resting supine position during Preliminary (6 min normoxia), Hypoxia (10 min, fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 9.6%, simulated altitude ~6,200 m) and Recovery (6 min normoxia) phases in 28 males (age 23.7 ± 1.7 years, normoxic VO2max 59.0 ± 7.8 ml.kg−1.min−1, body mass index (BMI) 24.2 ± 2.1 kg.m−2) and 30 females (age 23.8 ± 1.8 years, VO2max 45.1 ± 8.7 ml.kg−1.min−1, BMI 21.8 ± 3.0 kg.m−2). Spectral analysis of HRV quantified the ANS activity by means of low frequency (LF, 0.05–0.15 Hz) and high frequency (HF, 0.15–0.50 Hz) power, transformed by natural logarithm (Ln). Time domain analysis incorporated the square root of the mean of the squares of the successive differences (rMSSD). Results: There were no significant differences in SpO2 level during hypoxia between the males (71.9 ± 7.5%) and females (70.8 ± 7.1%). Vagally-related HRV variables (Ln HF and Ln rMSSD) exhibited no significant differences between sexes across each phase. However, while the sexes demonstrated similar Ln LF/HF values during the Preliminary phase, the males (0.5 ± 1.3) had a relatively higher (p = 0.001) sympathetic activity compared to females (−0.6 ± 1.4) during the Hypoxia phase. Oxygen desaturation during resting hypoxia was significantly correlated with VO2max in males (r = −0.45, p = 0.017) but not in females (r = 0.01, p = 0.952) and difference between regression lines were significant (p = 0.024). Conclusions: Despite similar oxygen desaturation levels, males exhibited a relatively higher sympathetic responses to hypoxia exposure compared with females. In addition, the SpO2 response to resting hypoxia exposure was related to maximal aerobic capacity in males but not females.
Models of life: epigenetics, diversity and cycles

This review emphasizes aspects of biology that can be understood through repeated applications of simple causal rules. The selected topics include perspectives on gene regulation, phage lambda development, epigenetics, microbial ecology, as well as model approaches to diversity and to punctuated equilibrium in evolution. Two outstanding features are repeatedly described. One is the minimal number of rules to sustain specific states of complex systems for a long time. The other is the collapse of such states and the subsequent dynamical cycle of situations that restitute the system to a potentially new metastable state.
Detection of atrial fibrillation in implanted devices by automatic scanning of sensing threshold and cycle length

A new approach is presented for computationally efficient detection of atrial fibrillation in which atrial rate is measured as the pacemaker sensing and cycle length threshold are independently varied. This extends the "threshold scanning" rate curve into a two dimensional integer function. A similarity metric is used to compare the shape of this function to one typical of atrial fibrillation. The algorithm correctly identified 26 of 29 episodes of atrial fibrillation and incorrectly identified as atrial fibrillation 3 of 83 episodes of other rhythms, for a sensitivity of 90% and specificity 96%. The integer character of the discriminating function as well as the simplicity of the implementation make this algorithm suitable for implantable devices.
Epileptic syndromes in children with hydrocephalus shunted in the first 2 years of life: A retrospective study of 67 cases

Abstract We present 67 patients with early-onset shunted hydrocephalus and epilepsy, focusing on the prevalence of epileptic syndromes. Thirty-nine boys and 28 girls were studied. Mean follow-up was 12 yr (range, 9–17 yr). Forty-two patients had epilepsy. Epilepsy with focal seizures only was seen in 13 patients and West syndrome in 12 patients, preceded by focal symptomatic epilepsies in six. Eleven patients had epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep, preceded by focal electroencephalography abnormalities in all and by West syndrome in one. Four patients presented with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, of whom three had had West syndrome in the first year of life. One patient had epilepsy with myoclonic-astatic seizures and another multifocal spikes associated with epileptic spasms in clusters. West syndrome evolved into focal seizures in seven. Seven patients had acute symptomatic seizures, secondary to shunt dysfunction in five and shunt infection in two. Focal epilepsy and epileptic encephalopathies were the most frequent syndromes. Hemorrhage, infections, and cortical dysplasia were associated with a higher prevalence of epilepsy.
Visually Derived Wiener Filters for Speech Enhancement

The aim of this work is to examine whether visual speech information can be used to enhance audio speech that has been contaminated by noise. First, an analysis of audio and visual speech features is made, which identifies the pair with highest audio-visual correlation. The study also reveals that higher audio-visual correlation exists within individual phoneme sounds rather than globally across all speech. This correlation is exploited in the proposal of a visually derived Wiener filter that obtains clean speech and noise power spectrum statistics from visual speech features. Clean speech statistics are estimated from visual features using a maximum a posteriori framework that is integrated within the states of a network of hidden Markov models to provide phoneme localization. Noise statistics are obtained through a novel audio-visual voice activity detector which utilizes visual speech features to make robust speech/nonspeech classifications. The effectiveness of the visually derived Wiener filter is evaluated subjectively and objectively and is compared with three different audio-only enhancement methods over a range of signal-to-noise ratios.
SENTETİK VOLLASTONİT İÇEREN YÜKSEK PERFORMANSLI HARÇLARIN DAYANIM ÖZELLİKLERİ

Bu calismada, vollastonit katkili yuksek performansli harclarin (YPH) taze ve mekanik ozellikleri deneysel olarak incelenmistir. Ilk asamada vollastonit mineralinin literatur calismalari disinda belirlenen ozel bir yontemle sentetik olarak uretimi yapilmis, ikinci asamada ise sentetik vollastonit YPH uretiminde kullanilmistir. Vollastonit katkili yuksek performansli harclarin (VYPH) uretimi 0,33 sabit su/baglayici (cimento+vollastonit) oraniyla, 132±10 mm sabit bir yayilma capiyla ve yuksek oranda su azaltici katki (super akiskanlastirici) kullanilarak gerceklestirilmistir. Ilk olarak, kontrol harci sabit su/baglayici orani ile uretilmis ve daha sonra sentetik vollastonit sirasiyla, %3, %6, %9 ve %12 oranlarinda her defasinda cimentonun yerine ikame edilmistir. Uretilen harclarin sarsma tablasinda yayilma capi olculmustur. Sonrasinda, harclara basinc ve egilme testlerinin yani sira ultrasonik titresim hizi testi 28. gunde uygulanmistir. Deney sonuclarina gore, vollastonit miktarinin artmasiyla yayilma capi giderek azalmis ve mekanik ozellikler %9’a kadar iyilesmistir.
Feature Selection and Ensemble Methods for Bioinformatics: Algorithmic Classification and Implementations

Feature Selection and Ensemble Methods for Bioinformatics: Algorithmic Classification and Implementations offers a unique perspective on machine learning aspects of microarray gene expression based cancer classification. This multidisciplinary text is at the intersection of computer science and biology and, as a result, can be used as a reference book by researchers and students from both fields. Each chapter describes the process of algorithm design from beginning to end and aims to inform readers of best practices for use in their own research.
An efficient algorithm for the two-dimensional placement problem in electrical circuit layout

This paper deals with the optimum placement of modules on a two-dimensional board, which minimizes the total muting length of signal sets. A new heuristic procedure, based on iterative improvement, is proposed. The procedure repeats random generation of an initial solution and its Improvement by a sequence of local transformations. The best among the local optimum solutions is taken as a final solution. The iterative improvement method proposed here is different from the previous one, in the sense that it considers interchanging more than two modules at the same time and examines only a small portion of feasible solutions which has high probability of being better. Experimental results show this procedure gives better solutions than the best one up to now. The computation time for each local optimum solution grows almost linearly with regard to the number of modules.
Clustering algorithms for disease classification using mass spectrometry data

Besides the availability of genomic data, life-science researchers study proteomics in order to gain insight into the functions of cells by learning how proteins are expressed, processed, recycled, and their localization in cells. Proteomics are defined as the study of proteome which refers to the entire set of expressed proteins in a cell. In particular, functional proteomics involves the use of mass spectrometry (MS) to study the regulation, timing, and location of protein expression. It has been recently realized that the use of MS coupled with pattern recognition methodology can offer tremendous potential for the early detection of complex human diseases, and biomarker discovery. However, given the promising integration of several machine learning methods and MS data in high-throughput proteomics, this biotechnology field still encounters several challenges in order to become a mature platform for clinical diagnostics and protein-based biomarker profiling. Some of the major challenges include noise filtering of MS data, feature extraction, feature reduction of MS datasets and selection of computational methods for MS-based classification. The main objective of this research is to classify diseases using MS data. First, we investigated feature extraction of MS data based on the fundamentals of signal processing such as the theory of linear predictive coding. Then we present an unsupervised kernel based fuzzy c-means (KFCM) approach, which is shown to be more robust to noise than fuzzy c-means (FCM) for mass spectrometry dataset. The KFCM is realized by modifying the original Euclidean distance in FCM by a kernel-induced distance. We evaluated the performance of our classification methods with some popular classification techniques such as support vector machine (SVM), principle component analysis (PCA), linear or quadratic discriminate analysis (LDA/QDA) and random forests.
Tatala ‘a e Koloa ‘o e To’utangata Tonga: A way to disrupt and decolonise doctoral research

“Disruption” and “decolonisation” are terms often associated with Indigenous researchers’ intent to validate traditional cultural knowledge and practice in academia. The challenges and complexities in Indigenous researchers’ positionalities within their doctoral research projects are not always openly discussed (Webber, 2009). In this article, I share my personal reflections and observations of the challenges in my doctoral research with Tongan käinga (extended families) in Aotearoa New Zealand and Tonga. I highlight “Tatala ’a e Koloa ’o e To’utangata Tonga i Aotearoa mo Tonga”, a research framework drawn from an Indigenous paradigm that governs the knowledge and actions of three to’utangata Tonga (generations of Tongan males) as well as my own activities as the researcher within the community. Interrogating and highlighting the challenges linked to my attempts to validate and legitimate Tongan cultural knowledge in the university setting is delineated by my positionality within the Tongan community in Aotearoa and Tonga, with other Indigenous researchers, and the ways in which I negotiate the boundaries between the traditional cultural world and academia.
Graphical error mining for linguistic annotated corpora

Corpora contain linguistically annotated data. Producing these annotations is a complex process that easily leads to inconsistencies within the annotation. Since corpora are used to evaluate automatic language processing systems the evaluation may suffer when there are too many errors within the data. This thesis focuses on finding erroneous annotations within corpora. To detect sequence annotation errors within part-of-speech tags we implemented the algorithm introduced by Dickinson and Meurers (2003). Additionally for structured annotations we choose the approach shown in Boyd et al.(2008) that targets inconsistency within dependency structures. We designed and built a graphical user interface (GUI) that is easy to handle and user-friendly. Implementing state-of-the-art algorithms for error detection with an user-friendly interface increase the operation domain because the algorithms can be used by a wider audience without deeper knowledge of computers. It provides even non-expert users with the capability to find inconsistent pos tags and dependency structures within a corpus. We evaluate the system using the German TIGER corpus and the English Penn Treebank. For the TIGER corpus we also perform a manual evaluation where we sample 115 6-grams and check manually if these contain errors. We find that 94.96% are erroneous and it is easy to decide the correct tag as a human. For 4.20% we can say that these are errors but determining the correct tag is very to difficult. In total we detect errors with a precision of 99.16%. Only one case (0.84%) is not caused by inconsistency but constitutes genuine ambiguity.
APP decoding of nonbinary SPC product codes over discrete memoryless channels

Error control coding techniques are widely used in most digital communication systems in order to protect messages against transmission errors. Soft decision decoding such as a posteriori probability (APP) decoding is often used in improving the bit error rate performance. APP decoding of nonbinary single parity check (SPC) product codes is considered when used over discrete memoryless channels. Iterative decoding based on horizontal and vertical decoding of component codes is employed. The soft-outputs obtained from the horizontal decoding are used as the a priori information in the vertical decoding. A computationally efficient decoding procedure is advised in decoding component codes, using a trellis-based forward-only recursion algorithm.
Teaching Online: A Practical Guide

From the Publisher: Suitable for courses in online teaching, web-based instruction, teaching with the Internet, or the online classroom, this book answers the most common questions and concerns of instructors who want create electronic educational environments. Topics covered include choosing software and technology tools, building an online classroom, creating an online syllabus, course conversion, online classroom management, integrating online and face-to-face activities, and student support issues. The text is supported by a web site that provides new strategies, tips, and information on emergent technologies. Pedagogy includes "Important" points that highlight key topics; "Definition" boxes that feature key terms with brief definitions; and "Sidebars," which focus student attention on important points.
Physical Therapy of the Foot and Ankle

1. Physical Therapy for the Foot and Ankle: An Evaluation and Treatment Paradigm for the Future 2. Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Foot and Ankle 3. Gait: Foot Mechanics and Neurobiomechanics 4, Examination of the Foot and Lower Extremity 5. Foot and Ankle Considerations in Rheumatic Conditions and Aging 6. The Adult Neurological Foot 7. The Insensitive Foot 8. The Foot in Athletics 9. Physical Modalities for Foot Pain 10. Therapeutic Exercise and Mobilization 11. The Pediatric Foot and Orthotic Management in Children with Neurological Disabilities 12. Orthotic Devises, Shoes and Modificiations 13. Post Fracture and Post Surgical Physical Therapy 14. Case Studies of the Foot and Ankle
Weight selection in mixed sensitivity robust control for improving the sinusoidal tracking performance

The success of an optimal mixed sensitivity robust control design depends, in a large part, on the selection of appropriate weights used in the optimization process. In this paper, we address the problem of selecting appropriate weights in a mixed S/T sensitivity design where improvement of the steady state sinusoidal performance is the design objective. A simple guideline is provided which allows the designer to choose the parameters of the sensitivity and complementary sensitivity weights in an iterative manner. Application of the results in minimizing the tracking errors of a nano-positioning system is demonstrated.
Long-term Outcomes After Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair

During the interval January 7, 1994 through December 31,2005, 873 patients underwent EVAR utilizing 10 different stent graftdevices. Primary outcomes examined included operative mortality,aneurysm rupture, aneurysm-related mortality, open surgical conver-sion, and late survival rates. The incidence of endoleak, migration,aneurysm enlargement, and graft patency was also determined. Finally,the need for reintervention and success of such secondary procedureswere evaluated. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate methodology were usedfor analysis.
Event-Based Synchronization of Heterogeneous Complex Networks Subject to Transmission Delays

In this paper, the problem of event-based synchronization of heterogeneous complex networks is investigated. Specifically, the influence of transmission delays on event-based synchronization is considered. The designed distributed controller for each nonidentical node in heterogeneous network includes reference generator (RG) and robust regulator. Event-based communication protocol is utilized to ensure the synchronization among the identical RGs and target leader. Meanwhile, the interevent intervals are lower bounded by a positive constant. Furthermore, the proposed high-gain output feedback and adaptive control law guarantee that all nonidentical nodes converge to their RGs. Based on these two steps, which are coincided with the separation principle, nonidentical nodes can track the target leader. In addition, theoretical results are demonstrated by a numerical example.
The Science of Hitting

When writing can change your life, when writing can enrich you by offering much money, why don't you try it? Are you still very confused of where getting the ideas? Do you still have no idea with what you are going to write? Now, you will need reading. A good writer is a good reader at once. You can define how you write depending on what books to read. This the science of hitting can help you to solve the problem. It can be one of the right sources to develop your writing skill.
Distributed virtual instrumentation architecture

This paper presents a virtual instrumentation architecture that was conceived by these authors to address specific issues of real-time data acquisition and remote processing in distributed environments for monitoring or C2 (command and control) applications. An object-oriented approach is considered to make full use of the state-of-the-art design and development techniques and technologies. An implementation based on Real-Time Java is considered to proving the architecture viability.