Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ethical issues in psychiatric care: geneticisation and community care

This paper will examine two different though related themes in current debates about ethical issues in psychiatric care. There is, first, the general question of who should be the main focus of the debate: the individual, the family, the local community, or the wider society? Secondly, the current controversies about the genetic basis of mental disorders will be explored with reference to their implications for both images and understanding of mental disorders and for psychiatric care. Would the understanding of the genetic causes of mental disorder lead to better treatments and better acceptance or to the potential for increased discrimination and stigmatisation?
Robust Passive Control for Uncertain Time-Delay Singular Systems

This paper investigates the problem of robust passive control for singular systems which contain structure uncertainties and time delay. Three types of controllers are considered, namely, state feedback controller, observer-based state feedback controller, and dynamic output feedback controller, and the controllers are constructed such that closed-loop systems are generalized quadratically stable and passive with dissipation eta. Design procedures and the algorithm are given for obtaining the maximum dissipation, and at the same time, the maximum guaranteed dissipation controllers are proposed. Illustrative examples are presented to show the validity and applicability of the proposed methods.
A Simulation Optimization Tool For The Metal Accessory Suppliers In The Fashion Industry: A Case Study

This paper presents a Simulation Optimization (SO), decision-support tool developed for metal accessories’ suppliers in the fashion industry. The tool is composed of a discrete-event simulator and a multi-objective, integer linear-optimization scheduler, based on a commercial spreadsheet and an open-source solver, linked together through an import-export routine. The tool can be used to enable suppliers to compare scheduling algorithms in order to optimize their performances in terms of customers’ due dates compliance and cost and processing time reduction. The analyzed scenario takes into account variable and uncertain production plans, represented by the aggregation of orders received from different brands. The model has been applied to a real company, where costs, delay, and advances are considered in order to define the Objective Function (OF), whilst rush orders are introduced to simulate stochastics events.
B2B E-Commerce Revisited: Leading Perspectives on the Key Issues and Research Directions

The application of Internet technologies for the conduct of interfirm business transactions has given rise to a boom in business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce. Yet, although there are many success stories that have been reported over the past several years, the progress of B2B e-commerce has been hindered by unanticipated technical, organizational, economic and legal challenges that diminish value. In this article, we report on a series of interviews with leading academic researchers and industry senior managers who are in a unique position to make sense of key issues and offer useful insights. The respondents provide their views on the efficacy of different business models in B2B e-commerce, the problems associated with B2B technology platform adoption and implementation, new ways of thinking about interorganizational information sharing and e-procurement business process design, investment decision making and financial returns for e-business infrastructure, international and regional issues, and.
Effects of 4‐nonylphenol on fecundity and biomarkers of estrogenicity in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)

Aultfathead minnows (Pimophales promelas) were exposed to waterborne concentrations of 4‐nonylphenol (NP) ranging from 0.05 to 3.4 μg NP/L for 42 d. Results were similar, but slightly different, for two experiments conducted during July and August, near the beginning of the breeding season, and a second experiment conducted during September and October, at the end of the breeding season, during which the adults were maintained continuously in breeding condition. Inverted U–type dose‐response relationships were observed for egg production and for concentrations of vitellogenin (Vtg) and 17β‐estradiol (E2) in blood plasma. Concentrations of plasma Vtg were significantly different between males and females, with plasma concentrations in females ranging from 20 to 110 μg Vtg/ml. Both experiments had no statistically significant, dose‐dependent effect of NP on plasma Vtg in males but significant effects of NP on Vtg concentrations in females. In the first experiment, Vtg concentration generally increased with NP concentration, whereas the second experiment showed a negative correlation. Plasma E2 concentrations in both males and females were significantly affected by NP. The concentration of total estrogen equivalents in the plasma increased 900% because of exposure to NP. Most of this increase resulted from increased plasma E2 concentrations, with only a 4% increase resulting from the estrogen agonist activity of NP. The effects of NP on adult fathead minnows seem not to result from a direct‐acting estrogen agonist mechanism but rather from changes in the endogenous concentrations of E2 through an indirect activation mechanism of action.
A knowledge-based molecular screen uncovers a broad-spectrum OsSWEET14 resistance allele to bacterial blight from wild rice.

Transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors are type III-delivered transcription factors that enhance the virulence of plant pathogenic Xanthomonas species through the activation of host susceptibility (S) genes. TAL effectors recognize their DNA target(s) via a partially degenerate code, whereby modular repeats in the TAL effector bind to nucleotide sequences in the host promoter. Although this knowledge has greatly facilitated our power to identify new S genes, it can also be easily used to screen plant genomes for variations in TAL effector target sequences and to predict for loss-of-function gene candidates in silico. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we screened a germplasm of 169 rice accessions for polymorphism in the promoter of the major bacterial blight susceptibility S gene OsSWEET14, which encodes a sugar transporter targeted by numerous strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. We identified a single allele with a deletion of 18 bp overlapping with the binding sites targeted by several TAL effectors known to activate the gene. We show that this allele, which we call xa41(t), confers resistance against half of the tested Xoo strains, representative of various geographic origins and genetic lineages, highlighting the selective pressure on the pathogen to accommodate OsSWEET14 polymorphism, and reciprocally the apparent limited possibilities for the host to create variability at this particular S gene. Analysis of xa41(t) conservation across the Oryza genus enabled us to hypothesize scenarios as to its evolutionary history, prior to and during domestication. Our findings demonstrate that resistance through TAL effector-dependent loss of S-gene expression can be greatly fostered upon knowledge-based molecular screening of a large collection of host plants.
A double‐blind assessment of additive intolerance in children using a 12 day challenge period at home

Alleged food‐additive intolerance (respiratory, dermatological, behavioural or abdominal) was assessed in 19 children using daily challenge drinks of either, base product alone, base product plus sunset yellow/tartrazine, or base product plus sodium metabisulphite/sodium benzoate. The same type of drink was given for 12 days, double‐blind and in random order. During the trial the children were maintained on an additive‐free diet under supervision. Diary cards were used to record symptoms and medication usage. If there was an apparent association between symptoms and drink ingredient the trial was repeated, again double‐blind. Additive intolerance was confirmed by a consistent deterioration of symptoms in only three children. In one, urticaria was induced by the colourings, in another extremely abnormal behaviour was induced by the preservatives and a third child was only free of asthma and abdominal pain on placebo. This form of individual trial, using 12 daily drinks, overcomes some of the objections to a single challenge study. Despite this, intolerance to the additives was only confirmed in 3/19 children in whom it had been believed to occur.
[Mechanisms of reduction of CD4 receptor expression on the surface of HIV-1 infected cells].

Specific interactions between the cell surface CD4 receptor and the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 are responsible for the entry of HIV into host cells. Following infection, a down-modulation of CD4 at the cell surface is commonly observed. This may render cells resistant to subsequent infection by HIV as well as other viruses that also use CD4 as a portal of entry. This phenomenon is termed retroviral interference. CD4 down-modulation is complex and involves at least 3 viral gene products which include the envelope precursor gp160 and 2 auxilliary proteins Nef and Vpu. CD4 down-modulation has been observed in each of primary CD4+ T-lymphocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages, as well as both T and monocytic cell lines. CD4 down-regulation may occur at different levels. Specific binding of soluble gp120 may lead to internalization of CD4. The HIV-1 nef gene product which is expressed prior to HIV-1 structural proteins also causes the internalization of CD4 followed by its lysosomal degradation. During the late phase of viral gene expression i.e. viral structural protein synthesis, CD4-gp160 complexes forming in the ER represent another important factor leading to CD4 down-modulation. Finally, CD4 which is retained by gp160 in the ER, is specifically degraded in the presence of Vpu. Thus, it appears that CD4 down-regulation is of central importance to the life cycle of HIV-1.
Effects of a BMP Antagonist on Fracture Healing in a Mouse Model

Introduction: Fracture healing is a complex process that is responsible for forming a fracture callus to stabilize the site of injury while producing new bone. Delayed fracture healing or the development of non-union as a result of failed fracture healing is a major clinical concern effecting ~10% of all treated fractures. Recent studies have shown that RAP-661, an antagonist of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP) 2 and BMP-4 binding to its receptor BMPR-1A has shown anabolic efficacy in treating bone loss associated with osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the RAP-661 protein as a therapeutic agent to improve fracture healing. Materials and Methods: 34 C57/B6 mice received unilateral mid-shaft transverse right femur fractures. Three study groups used: Vehicle Treated Control (10 mM Tris-Buffered Saline) and RAP-661 in 10 mM TBS either where
Caractérisation de l'incertitude de production éolienne

En prelude a de futurs travaux sur le dimensionnement et la gestion d'un systeme de stockage d'energie couple a un systeme eolien de production d'electricite, cette etude se focalise sur un probleme sous-jacent : la variabilite de la production eolienne. Il s'agit de comprendre et de modeliser ce caractere incertain a partir de series de donnees de terrains. Les deux resultats principaux sont i) la modelisation de l'incertitude de la relation entre la puissance produite par une eolienne et la vitesse du vent, en mode de fonctionnement a vitesse variable et ii) la modelisation d'une erreur de prevision au moyen d'un modele conditionnellement heteroscedastique. Ces modelisations se sont faites en statique, sans prendre en compte l'aspect temporel. L'importance des phenomenes temporels suggere de les etudier prochainement.
Presence and Persistence of Legionella spp. in Groundwater

ABSTRACT Groundwater samples (111) from six different boreholes located in two geographical areas were examined for the presence of legionellae over a 7-year period. The number of Legionella isolates detected was generally low. The colonization of the aquifers was not uniform, and the persistence of Legionella was independent of the hydraulic pumps and the plumbing system present in the borehole. A total of 374 isolates identified by fatty acid methyl ester analysis belonged to Legionella pneumophila, L. oakridgensis, L. sainthelensi, and L. londiniensis. In area 1, L. oakridgensis constituted the major population detected, exhibiting only one random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR profile. L. sainthelensi strains were less frequently isolated and also displayed a single RAPD profile, while L. pneumophila was only sporadically detected. In contrast, L. pneumophila comprised the vast majority of the isolates in area 2 and exhibited six distinct RAPD patterns, indicating the presence of different genetic groups; three L. londiniensis RAPD types were also detected. Two of the L. pneumophila and one of the L. londiniensis RAPD types were persistent in this environment for at least 12 years. The genetic structure of L. pneumophila groundwater populations, inferred from rpoB and dotA gene sequences, was peculiar, since the majority of the isolates were allied in a discrete group different from the lineages containing most of the type and reference strains of the three subspecies of L. pneumophila. Furthermore, gene exchange events related to the dotA allele could be envisioned.
A new limited feedback scheme for interference alignment in two-cell interfering MIMO-MAC

In this paper, we propose a new interference alignment scheme with limited feedback for the two-cell interfering multi-user multiple-input multiple-output multiple access channel (MIMO-MAC), which provides better performance compared with other schemes when the number of feedback bits is same. Then, we analyse the rate loss for the quantization error, and show that the rate loss is only impacted by the residual inter-cell interference. By characterizing the rate loss as a function of the number of feedback bits, a bits allocation algorithm is introduced to further improve the system throughput. Monte-Carlo simulations illustrate that our proposed scheme outperforms the existing schemes.
CERVICAL CANCER: ASSESSMENT OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT FACILITIES IN PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTIONS IN ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA.

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women globally and the leading cause of cancer deaths in women in low income countries. The majority of cervical cancer related deaths occur in the developing world. It is also an important public health problem in Ethiopia, a country without a well-established control program for the disease. This study assessed the diagnostic and therapeutic facility for cervical cancer (including health providers' awareness of the disease) in Addis Ababa public health institutions which can be used to develop control strategies and to visualize the amount of resources required. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted including all public health institutions in Addis Ababa in August 2010. Health providers' awareness of cervical cancer was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Checklist was used to register diagnostic and therapeutic infrastructure in each health facility. Data was analyzed using STATA. RESULTS All health providers responded they had heard about cervical cancer. Half of the participants were able to identify common symptoms of the disease. Only 23% of the participants mentioned human papilloma virus (HPV) as the primary cause of cervical cancer. A significant association between awareness and profession was seen. Absence of skilled manpower, equipment and proper documentation was reported in the majority of the institutions. CONCLUSION This study assessed the existing skilled man power and infrastructure to diagnose and treat cervical cancer in public institutions in Addis Ababa which is important to develop an effective cervical cancer control program. In addition, the study showed the more work that should be done to improve health providers' awareness in cervical cancer through education and training.
Process compensated resonance testing (PCRT) inversion for material characterization and digital twin calibration

The Digital Twin paradigm is based on the idea that a component’s serviceable life and performance can be better predicted and monitored by creating a faithful virtual counterpart of a real component, which in turn leads to improvements in end-product safety and cost. Such a model requires accurate inputs for the initial material state of the part as well as in-service loads and damage states throughout its service life. The resonance frequencies of a part correlate to a part’s material state and damage state. Similarly, changes in resonance frequencies correlate to changes in the part’s material state resulting from in-service loads and damage. Process Compensated Resonance Testing (PCRT) leverages these physical relationships to perform nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and material characterization using the measured resonance frequencies of a component. Prior work has established techniques for modeling the effects of material property variation, crystal orientation, and damage states on resonance, as well as quantifying uncertainty propagation from model inputs to outputs. This study examines the use of PCRT model inversion to obtain material properties and calibrate digital twins of real components. Digital twin instances were first created for a population of single crystal Nickel-base superalloy samples using dimension and mass measurements. Then, after collecting resonance spectra from the physical counterparts, model inversion techniques were employed to estimate elastic properties and crystal orientation for each part. The digital twins were then calibrated with the model inversion output. These digital twins were subsequently validated by comparing the inversion results to resonance and x-ray diffraction measurements on a statistically significant population of physical specimens. The results highlight the value of part-specific material properties for digital twin performance, as well as the ability of PCRT to evaluate and improve digital twin fidelity.
Maturing, Flagshipping and Piggybacking: On the Use of Structuration Theory in Information Systems Research

The debate on structure and agency has a long-standing tradition in the social sciences. Developed by the British sociologist Anthony Giddens, Structuration Theory proposed the "duality of structure", the notion that structure and agency are inseparable in practice. Information Systems (IS) researchers have developed IS-specific adaptations of Giddens's ideas. We add to previous reviews on the use of Structuration Theory in IS by focusing on the adoption of individual concepts set forth by the theory and its IS adaptations. Based on our analysis of references to these concepts in the major journals and conferences we argue that the use of Structuration Theory in IS has matured over the past decade. We also find that some structurational concepts are frequently used as flagships and in combination ("piggybacked"). Finally, we plead in favor of a more widespread use of agency as a fundamental concept of Giddens's theory.
The Relation Between Sports Perfectionism and Competitive Anxiety in Women's National Karate Team

هدیکچ فده لامک هطبار نییعت رضاح شهوژپ نیا . دوب روشک ناوناب هتاراک یلم میت نانکیزاب یتباقر بارطضا و یشزرو ییارگ یگتسبمه عون زا و یفیصوت قیقحت نآ رد هک تسا 03 روشک ناوناب هتاراک یلم میت نانکیزاب زا رفن و دیما ینس هدر رد ،لاسگرزب یم لیکشت ار یرامآ هعماج لک هک دنداد ، شسرپ یتباقر یتلاح بارطضا همان شسرپ و زنترام یتباقر یتفص و ن هما لامک . دندرک لیمکت ار ناراکمه و ناد یشزرو ییارگ هتفای یاه قیقحت اب هدافتسا زا صخاش یاه رامآ یفیصوت نیگنایم( و فارحنا )رایعم ، ویسرگر و نوسریپ یگتسبمه بیرض دش لیلحت و هیزجت ماگ هب ماگ ن نوسریپ یگتسبمه جیاتن . داد ناشن لامک هک گ یشزرو ییار هبدامتعا اب ر جیاتن . دراد تبثم یگتسبمه یتفص بارطضا اب و یفنم یگتسبمه سفن گ ماگ هب ماگ نویسر لامک داد ناشن ّلک ییارگ یوق ی شیپ نیرت ینیب ننک کاردا راشف و تسا یتفص بارطضا هد زا هدش شیپ یبرم فرط ینیب هدننک هبدامتعا و یتخانش بارطضا ینارگن نینچمه . تسا سفن شیب دح زا هرابرد ا شیپ یصخش یاهدرادناتسا و تاهابتش ینیب هدننک ینامسج بارطضا تسا . لامک لیدعت هب ییارگ راکشزرو كمک یم ک دن رتمک ات تحت ریثأت بارطضا یتباقر و دریگب رارق هبدامتعا سفن ش دبای شیازفا نیدب و هنوگ یم رتشیب تیقفوم لامتحا . دوش :یدیلک ناگژاو بارطضا لامک ،یتباقر . هبخن ،هتاراک ،ییارگ
IL-4 Induces the Proteolytic Processing of Mast Cell STAT61

IL-4 is a potent, pleiotropic cytokine that, in general, directs cellular activation, differentiation, and rescue from apoptosis. However, in mast cells, IL-4 induces the down-regulation of activation receptors and promotes cell death. Mast cells have been shown to transduce IL-4 signals through a unique C-terminally truncated isoform of STAT6. In this study, we examine the mechanism through which STAT6 is processed to generate this isoform. We demonstrate that STAT6 processing in mast cells is initiated by IL-4-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of full-length STAT6 and subsequent cleavage by a nuclear serine-family protease. The location of the protease in the nucleus ensures that the truncated STAT6 has preferential access to bind DNA. IL-4-responsive target genes in mast cells are identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation of STAT6, including the IL-4 gene itself. These results suggest a molecular explanation for the suppressive effects of IL-4 on STAT6-regulated genes in mast cells.
Graph-based analysis of cloud connectivity at the internet protocol level

Internet connectivity of cloud services is of exceptional importance for both their providers and consumers. This article demonstrates the outlines of a method for measuring cloud-service connectivity at the internet protocol level from a client's perspective. For this, we actively collect connectivity data via traceroute measurements from PlanetLab to several major cloud services. Furthermore, we construct graph models from the collected data, and analyse the connectivity of the services based on important graph-based measures. Then, random and targeted node removal attacks are simulated, and the corresponding vulnerability of cloud services is evaluated. Our results indicate that cloud service hosts are, on average, much better connected than average hosts. However, when interconnecting nodes are removed in a targeted manner, cloud connectivity is dramatically reduced.
The Distribution of Self-Sterility Alleles in Populations.

H E phenomenon of self-sterility is known to be very common among T higher plants. The genetic mechanism in most cases studied seems to be that discovered by EAST and MANGELSDORF in Nicotiana data and N . Sanderae. A single series of alleles, S1, Sz . , is involved. The growth of a pollen tube is so much inhibited in a style whose cells contain the same allele that it does not reach the embryo sac. It is obvious that all individuals must be heterozygous and that a population cannot persist with less than 3 S-alleles. It is also fairly obvious that selection would tend to increase the frequency of any additional alleles that may appear. DR. STERLING EMERSON has been investigating a series of at least 37 selfsterility alleles of this sort, found in Oenothera organemis, a species in which the entire population apparently consists of less than one thousand individuals, scattered in small groups among certain canyons of the Organ Mountains of New Mexico (EMERSON 1938, 1939). I am indebted to him for calling my attention to the interesting questions involved in the effects of selection and inbreeding in this case.