Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Winkelrekonstruktion und sensorlose Regelung von Hybridschrittmotoren

Die Dissertation hat die Rekonstruktion des Rotorwinkels eines dreiphasigen Hybridschrittmotors bei kleinen Drehzahlen und im Stillstand zum Thema. Zur Rekonstruktion des Rotorwinkels wird der Steuerspannung eine zusatzliche, hochfrequente Tragerspannung uberlagert. Die resultierenden Strome werden durch die winkelabhangigen Induktivitaten moduliert. Mit Hilfe von Demodulationsverfahren wird die Winkelinformation aus den gemessenen Stromen ermittelt. Die damit verbundenen Rekonstruktionsfehler werden theoretisch und experimentell analysiert und Masnahmen zu ihrer Kompensation vorgeschlagen. Moglichkeiten und Grenzen der Anwendbarkeit des Rekonstruktionsverfahrens fur eine sensorlose Drehzahl- und Lageregelung werden anhand von Messungen abschliesend untersucht.
Entrepreneurial Financing and Project Choice under Non-diversifiable Idiosyncratic Risk ∗

Entrepreneurs face significant non-diversifiable idiosyncratic business risks. In a dynamic incomplete-markets model of entrepreneurial finance, we show that such risks have important implications for their interdependent consumption/saving, portfolio choice, financing, and endogenous default/cash-out decisions. The entrepreneur issues non-recourse secured debt collateralized by his firm’s assets. In addition to the standard tradeoff between tax benefits and financial distress/agency costs of debt, risky debt also provides diversification benefits. Even though more risk-averse entrepreneurs default earlier for given debt service, they choose higher leverage ex ante for diversification benefits. The entrepreneur demands not only the systematic risk premium but also an idiosyncratic risk premium (due to lack of diversification). We derive an analytical formula for the idiosyncratic risk premium whose key determinants are risk aversion, idiosyncratic volatility and the sensitivity of entrepreneurial value of equity with respect to cash flow. Giving the entrepreneur an extra option to cash out in the future increases his diversification benefits and private value of firm, but crowds out the value of diversification via external risky debt. Finally, we extend the model to allow the entrepreneur to choose the project’s idiosyncratic volatility after debt is in place. We show that entrepreneurial risk aversion dominates his option-payoff-induced risk-shifting incentives: Only entrepreneurs with low risk aversion engage in risk shifting activities.
Chaotic vessels fabricated by fractal gelatin

A novel gelatin patterning technique applied to making capillary vessels with fractal dendrite configuration is presented. Such a chaotic tree-like pattern has been obtained by precipitating among the gelatin matrix that is spin coated on a glass substrate at room temperature. The weight percentage of the original gelatin solution is over saturated. As the temperature decreases, the gelatin crystallises and forms a natural fractal pattern extruding the film surface. The process conditions of spin coating and the gelatine concentration are varied so that the hydraulic diameters of the fractal branches are verified from 0.1 to 23 μm. The authors therefore fabricated hollow vessels by the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) de-moulding of the soft lithography. The water filling test of the PDMS vessel chip is done accordingly. The issue of the toxicity is also addressed.
Comparative study of limited-range wavelength conversion policies for asynchronous optical packet switching

Feature Issue on Photonics in Switching We study an asynchronous optical packet (OP)-switching node equipped with a number of limited range (LR) wavelength converters shared per output link. We study both circular and noncircular LR-wavelength-conversion schemes. A wavelength conversion policy governs the selection of the outgoing wavelength for an OP if the incoming wavelength is in use. Through simulations, we show that the so-called far-conversion policy for which the OP is switched onto the farthest available wavelength in the tuning range, outperforms the other policies we studied. We point out the clustering effect in the use of wavelengths to explain this phenomenon. We also provide an approximate analytical method to find the packet-blocking probability in circular-type LR-wavelength-conversion systems. Based on the simulation results, the approximate method appears to lead to a lower bound for blocking probabilities for all the conversion policies we study.
Assessing Constraints on Soldier Cognitive and Perceptual Motor Performance During Vehicle Motion

Abstract : Among the most significant challenges to implementing U.S. Army future force concepts are persistent human factors issues associated with staffing ground vehicles that are equipped with advanced capabilities including intelligent automation. This review is particularly concerned with understanding the influence of vehicle motion on the ability of Soldiers to perform goal-directed behaviors in future military vehicles. Because vehicle motion is a primary influence on the Soldier's performance, understanding the relationship between vehicle motion and performance is considered essential to solving the human factors problems brought about by implementation of advanced technologies in modern tactical vehicles. The review is organized in three main sections. First, a conceptual framework, alternately known as a "systems perspective", is introduced as a way to analyze the problem of Soldier-vehicle performance in terms of delineating the constraints that influence goal-directed behavior within the military context. Second, this framework is then used to structure an overview of research on whole-body motion and human performance, with a particular emphasis on relationships that have most frequently been identified in empirical studies. In the third and final section, the available information is applied to the military context in specific reference to lessons learned from the formal studies, field tests, and demonstrations that have been conducted with experimental platforms such as the Bradley infantry fighting vehicle and the crew integration and automation test bed (CAT). Overall, the extant literature taken in the context of direct observations in military platforms leaves little doubt that occupation of moving vehicles will result in detriments to performance of essential tasks for vehicle control as well as other essential command and control functions such as target acquisition, route planning, and teleoperation of remote assets.
The influence of language-switching experience on the bilingual executive control advantage*

In an ongoing debate, bilingual research currently discusses whether bilingualism enhances non-linguistic executive control. The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of language-switching experience, rather than language proficiency, on this bilingual executive control advantage. We compared the performance of unbalanced bilinguals, balanced non-switching, and balanced switching bilinguals on two executive control tasks, i.e. a flanker and a Simon task. We found that the balanced switching bilinguals outperformed both other groups in terms of executive control performance, whereas the unbalanced and balanced non-switching bilinguals did not differ. These findings indicate that language-switching experience, rather than high second-language proficiency, is the key determinant of the bilingual advantage in cognitive control processes related to interference resolution.
New therapeutic agents for diabetic kidney disease

Diabetic kidney disease continues to be the leading cause of end-stage renal disease despite therapies targeted towards glycemic and blood pressure control, and drugs that block the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. New therapeutic agents are being studied to retard the progression of kidney damage due to diabetes. Glycosaminoglycans (e.g., sulodexide) target the glomerular basement membrane and have been shown to reduce albuminuria in multiple Phase II clinical trials. Inhibitors of advanced glycation end-product formation (e.g., pyridoxamine) reduce the renal accumulation of these pathogenic substrates with mixed clinical efficacy results. Protein kinase C inhibitors (e.g., ruboxistaurin) reduce renal damage from overexpression of this kinase, and have shown encouraging results in Phase II studies. Iron chelators, as antioxidant agents, work in reducing cellular damage by reactive oxygen species that are part of common final pathways in diabetic kidney disease. Other agents discussed in this review .
Role of Huntington’s Disease Protein in Post-Transcriptional Gene Regulatory Pathways

This chapter will focus on the potential role that misregulation of post-transcriptional control of gene expression could have on the development or progression of Huntington’s disease (HD). Every cell in our bodies possesses the same genetic material, and yet every cell is not the same. We also all know that the tremendous diversity of biology present within each individual is accomplished through unique patterns of gene expression on a cell-by-cell basis. Of course the timing and amounts of gene expression also contribute to this diversity of phenotype and function. The complexity, however, goes even deeper. Within individual genes there is information to produce multiple different messenger RNAs and often multiple different proteins, each with different functional implications. We see then, that the multi-step process of gene expression using a number of genes only modestly greater than what is found in certain species of ciliates is capable of generating a being of vastly more complicated biology. With this complexity in mind, it is therefore possible that small defects at any of the steps of gene expression could have deleterious consequences on the identity, ability to appropriately respond to environmental cues, and on the survival of cells.
MAGNETIC FIELD STRUCTURE AROUND LOW-MASS CLASS 0 PROTOSTARS: B335, L1527, AND IC348-SMM2

We report new 350 μm polarization observations of the thermal dust emission from the cores surrounding the low-mass, Class 0 young stellar objects L1527, IC348-SMM2, and B335. We have inferred magnetic field directions from these observations and have used them together with results in the literature to determine whether magnetically regulated core-collapse and star formation models are consistent with the observations. These models predict a pseudo-disk with its symmetry axis aligned with the core magnetic field. The models also predict a magnetic field pinch structure on a scale less than or comparable to the infall radii for these sources. In addition, if the core magnetic field aligns (or nearly aligns) the core rotation axis with the magnetic field before core collapse, then the models predict the alignment (or near alignment) of the overall pinch field structure with the bipolar outflows in these sources. We show that if one includes the distorting effects of bipolar outflows on magnetic fields, then in general the observational results for L1527 and IC348-SMM2 are consistent with these magnetically regulated models. We can say the same for B335 only if we assume that the distorting effects of the bipolar outflow on the magnetic fields within the B335 core are much greater than for L1527 and IC348-SMM2. We show that the energy densities of the outflows in all three sources are large enough to distort the magnetic fields predicted by magnetically regulated models.
Effective Role of Multiple Electrodes on Double Chambered Microbial Fuel Cell

The main goal of this current project was to overcome the problems of energy management which is the global issue today. In our current study the electricity was produced by using the industrial wastewater as a substrate so simultaneously the water management and the electricity also produced by this method. This study is concentrated on the comparison of electricity generation by two different organic substrates like the mixture of whey and rotten tomato juice and Rice washing water electricity generation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Escherichia coli and also the comparative study on various combinations and number of electrodes also plays an important role in the microbial fuel cells. Microorganisms were able to utilize the carbon source in the substrate for generation of bioelectricity. Microbial fuel cell act as biocatalyst and generates electrons (e-) and protons (H+) by way of anaerobic respiration of organic substrate. The electron transfer through the anode integrated with an external circuit to cathode and protons diffuse through the Agar salt bridge. The open circuit potential was determined and the maximum voltage given by different organisms was estimated.
Perilla leaf " , " Perilla stalk " and " Perilla seed " corresponding to Folium

Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigations of Perilla 1 frutescens (L.) Britt 2 3 Hiwa M. Ahmed 4 5 Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Slemani, Kurdistan Regional Government/Iraq 6 7 *Correspondence 8 Hiwa M. Ahmed 9 hiwa2009@yahoo.com, hiwa.ahmed@spu.edu. iq 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 22 October 2018 doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0487. v1
The 2014 guidelines for post-operative pain management.

1Klinika Anestezjologii i Intensywnej Terapii, Wydzial Lekarski z Oddzialem Lekarsko-Dentystycznym w Zabrzu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach 2Oddzial Anestezjologii i Intensywnej Terapii dla Dzieci, Wojewodzki Szpital Zespolony w Toruniu 3Klinika Leczenia Bolu i Opieki Paliatywnej, Zaklad Farmakologii Klinicznej Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego w Krakowie 4Klinika Leczenia Bolu i Opieki Paliatywnej, Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego w Krakowie 5Zaklad Badania i Leczenia Bolu, Katedra Anestezjologii i Intensywnej Terapii, Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego w Krakowie 6Katedra Anestezjologii i Intensywnej Terapii, Wydzial Nauk Medycznych, Uniwersytet Warminsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
UC Office of the President Recent Work Title Structural and Biochemical Characterization of the Francisella tularensis Pathogenicity Regulator , Macrophage Locus Protein

Francisella tularensis is one of the most infectious bacteria known and is the etiologic agent of tularemia. Francisella virulence arises from a 33 kilobase (Kb) pathogenicity island (FPI) that is regulated by the macrophage locus protein A (MglA) and the stringent starvation protein A (SspA). These proteins interact with both RNA polymerase (RNAP) and the pathogenicity island gene regulator (PigR) to activate FPI transcription. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are not well understood. Indeed, while most bacterial SspA proteins function as homodimers to activate transcription, F. tularensis SspA forms a heterodimer with the MglA protein, which is unique to F. tularensis. To gain insight into MglA function, we performed structural and biochemical studies. The MglA structure revealed that it contains a fold similar to the SspA protein family. Unexpectedly, MglA also formed a homodimer in the crystal. Chemical crosslinking and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) studies showed that MglA is able to self-associate in solution to form a dimer but that it preferentially heterodimerizes with SspA. Finally, the MglA structure revealed malate, which was used in crystallization, bound in an open pocket formed by the dimer, suggesting the possibility that this cleft could function in small molecule ligand binding. The location of this binding region relative to recently mapped PigR and RNAP interacting sites suggest possible roles for small molecule binding in MglA and SspA•MglA function.
Degradation of Lignocellulosic Components in Un-pretreated Vinegar Residue Using an Artificially Constructed Fungal Consortium

The objective of this work was to degrade lignocellulosic components in un-pretreated vinegar residue (VR) using a fungal consortium. Consortium-29, consisting of P. chrysosporium, T. koningii, A. niger, and A. ficuum NTG-23, was constructed using orthogonal design combined with two-way interaction analysis. After seven days of cultivation, the reducing sugar yield reached 35.57 mg per gram of dry substrate (gds-1), which was 108.01% higher than the control (17.10 mg gds-1). Additionally, the xylanase and CMCase activity reached 439.07 U gds-1 and 8.15 U gds-1, which were 432.08% and 243.88% higher than that of pure cultures of A. niger (82.52 U gds-1) and P. chrysosporium (2.37 U gds-1), respectively. The cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents decreased by 17.11%, 68.61%, and 14.44%, respectively, compared with that of the raw VR. The optimal fermentation conditions of consortium-29 were as follows: incubation temperature 25 °C, initial pH 6, initial moisture content 70%, inoculum size 1 x 10^6 spores/mL, incubation time 5 days, urea/VR 1%, and MnSO4 . H2O/VR 0.03%. This study suggests that consortium-29 is an efficient fungal consortium for un-pretreated VR degradation and has a potential application in lignocellulosic waste utilization with a low cost of operation.
1 81 0 . 08 76 1 v 1 [ qu an tph ] 2 0 O ct 2 01 8 Nonreciprocal Phonon Laser

Y. Jiang, S. Maayani, T. Carmon, Franco Nori, and H. Jing College of Physics and Materials Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China Mechanical Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China and Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA (Dated: October 23, 2018)
Electrochemical Methods Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Drug Detection. A Review

Molecular imprinting of polymers is a state of the art procedure for producing artificial biomimetic receptors with high selectivity towards the selected molecules. Compared to the biological receptors, molecularly imprinted polymers are more stable, easy to prepare, and can be used under harsh conditions, these being the main reasons why their use in chemical and bioanalytical applications has been gaining in interest in the last decades. The main steps in molecular imprinted polymer synthesis from the selection of the reagents to the choice of the polymerization method are summarized. Furthermore, the binding mechanisms between the analyte and the molecules of the monomer during the electrochemical polymerization process and the molecularly imprinted polymer during the detection process, as well the detection techniques are discussed. All discussions present a critical point of view of the authors and are focused on drug detection.
Early ROS Accumulation in Chloroplasts of Nicotiana glutinosa Infected by Cucumber mosaic virus

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered to play an important role on the plant disease resistance. The accumulation of ROS was detected in chloroplasts (not in soluble fractions) from Nicotiana glutinosa leaves inoculated with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in the early stage of infection (3 days post-inoculation (dpi)); though the accumulation of CMV was lower than that at 9 dpi. During the late stage of infection (9 dpi, disease development), ROS accumulation was detected both in cytoplasm and chloroplasts. At 3 dpi, a significant decrease of the activity of chloroplastic ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) was observed involved in its elimination that correlated with ROS and TBARS accumulation. The decreased activity of chloroplastic APX was considered as a quick response for Nicotiana glutinosa to CMV. At the same time, the activity of cytoplasmic APX only slightly decreased. ROS as signaling molecules of infected cells originated from the chloroplast but not the cytoplasm. The damage of membrane by lipid peroxidation increased as ROS generation and the photosynthetic efficiency continues to decline in systemically-infected leaves. It suggested that an alteration of the chloroplastic structure and function was produced in early responses to CMV. © 2018 Friends Science Publishers
Consumption Smoothing in Russia

Using a panel from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (1994–2004), this paper investigates to what extent Russian households have been able to maintain their living standards while suffering income shocks. Consumption smoothing is modelled by means of an equilibrium correction mechanism, which disentangles short‐run dynamics and long‐run equilibrium adjustments. GMM estimation is used to control for individual household effects in the presence of dynamics. Additionally, we differentiate between food and non‐food consumption, positive and negative shocks, rural and urban areas, and several levels of poverty risk. We find that dynamics are important in the consumption equation, and that estimates are sensitive to imputation errors in home food production. No strong claims can be made regarding heterogeneity in smoothing behaviour.
Using Objective Data Analysis to Construct and Evaluate NBA Players ' Value Model

The value of an NBA basketball player varies at each crucial point in time, depending on the player’s career and performance. This study constructs a player’s value assessment model. The model comprises two parts. First, from an objective perspective, entropy is employed to measure each player’s achievement in five categories—rebounds, assists, steals, blocked shots, and scores. The total entropy assessment value is calculated and then combined with the players’ scores to develop a player's value matrix to assess the relative value model among players of the same type.
Reducing Prawn-trawl Bycatch in Australia: An Overview and an Example from Queensland

Prawn trawling occurs in most states of Australia in tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters. Bycatch occurs to some degree in all Australian trawl fisheries, and there is pressure to reduce the levels of trawl fishery bycatch. This paper gives a brief overview of the bycatch issues and technological solutions that have been evaluated or adopted in Australian prawn-trawl fi sheries. Turtle excluder devices (TED’s) and bycatch reduction devices (BRD’s) are the principal solutions to bycatch in Australian prawn-trawl fisheries. This paper focuses on a major prawn-trawl fishery of northeastern Australia, and the results of commercial use of TED’s and BRD’s in the Queensland east coast trawl fishery are presented. New industry designs are described, and the status of TED and BRD adoption and regulation is summarized. The implementation of technological solutions to reduce fishery bycatch is assumed generally to assist prawn-trawl fisheries within Australia in achieving legislative requirements for minimal environmental impact and ecological sustainable development.
cademic achievement , technology and race : Experimental evidence

Although a large literature explores the achievement gap between minority and nonminority students, very little is known about whether disparities in access to technology are partly responsible. Data from the first-ever field experiment involving the random provision of free computers to low-income community college students for home use are used to explore whether home computers are beneficial to minority students. I find that minority students receiving free computers achieved better educational outcomes than the control 24
Foreign Ownership and Financial Reporting Quality : Evidence from Spanish Subsidiaries

We provide empirical evidence on the relation between foreign shareholding and financial reporting quality in a sample of large private Spanish subsidiaries. We find that foreign controlled firms have poorer financial reporting quality than local group subsidiaries. Additionally, we observe that financial reporting quality improves with the tenure of the local controlling shareholder, while that is not the case of foreign group subsidiaries. Overall, results suggest that the informational disadvantage of foreign shareholders prevents them from playing an effective governance role.