Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research Statement: Transitions of Geometries and Groups

Imagine blowing up a ball with air so that eventually the ball is so large, it looks like the earth. Locally, the ball looks flat. This example is given in [14]: a sequence of spheres tangent to a plane, with increasing radius, will limit to the tangent plane in the Hausdorff topology on closed sets. Such a process is an example of a geometric transition, or a continuous path of geometric structures that changes type in the limit. There are several ways of making the idea of inflating a ball mathematically precise. Envision the curvature of the ball approaching zero. Or, define a way to measure coordinates on the ball, and then use coordinates to describe the radius of the ball increasing. A sphere is intrinsically different from the plane. On a sphere, the angles in a triangle will sum up to more than 180 degrees, since the edges bulge outwards. In the plane, the angles in a triangle sum to exactly 180 degrees. This property about triangles is intrinsic to the geometry of the space, and will hold true no matter how large or small the triangle is. Blowing up a ball is an example of a transition between two different kinds of geometry: spherical and Euclidean. The idea of continuously deforming one kind of geometry into another appears in many areas of mathematics and physics, see [14]. Homogeneous spaces have groups of isometries which are Lie groups, and have an associated Lie algebra, with multiplication given by the bracket [, ] : g×g→ g. This bilinear map is determined by the action on a basis, and hence by structure constants. The structure constants may continuously change, as long as [, ] still determines a Lie algebra. This is related to the theory of Inönü-Wigner contractions in physics, see [9]. Physicists use deformations of Lie algebras in several ways, for example the “classical limit” in relativity where the speed of light, c→∞; and in transitioning from quantum mechanics to Newtonian mechanics, when ~→ 0. Thurston conjectured and Perelman proved: every compact 3-dimensional manifold is composed of pieces, each of which has one of 8 kinds of 3-dimensional geometry, two kinds are the familiar spherical and Euclidean geometry, [42]. These Thurston geometries are (almost) subgeometries of real projective geometry and one may study geometric transitions in this context as paths of conjugacies, [14]. I study geometric transitions given by conjugacy limits.
Alpha sleep and fatigue

Alpha activity (frequency 7.5-13 Hz) can be part of the normal sleep EEG but is also often found during sleep in disorders such as psychophysiological insomnia, inadequate sleepand wake hygiene, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic fatigue syndrome and after sleep deprivation. The presence of alpha activity in sleep, “alpha sleep”, is not limited to one specific sleep-stage or one particular part of the night. Patients with alpha sleep do not perform worse on tests that measure attention, concentration, memory, and reaction time. Alpha-sleepers overestimate their sleep length and underestimate the intermittent waking periods during sleep. There is no relationship between alpha sleep, number of awakenings and sleep efficiency. The clinical significance of alpha sleep is not clear. The results of our previous pilot-study showed that 15 out of 21 patients having a clear alpha-peak during NREM sleep felt tired and not rested. Because of the shortcomings of that pilot study (retrospective character) we performed a prospective study on a larger population and increased the amount of questionnaires to encompass the patients’ fatigue.
Out-migration and Poverty Reduction –Evidence from Northern Ghana

Internal migration has been recognized to play crucial role in overall welfare, particularly poverty reduction. Among other things, the purpose of this paper is to find out which variables accounts for poverty reduction efforts in Ghana especially those that have implications for rural livelihood diversification. The study used data obtained from primary source in five key settlements of administrative and commercial importance in Ghana and household members of out-migrants from the Upper East Region. A structured questionnaire covering pertinent issues related to migration and household poverty was administered to them through interview. The sample size was 345 and snowball approach was adopted to reach the target group in the selected metropolises. The study also employed factor analysis to determine poverty reduction variables relating to internal migration and its implications for socio-economic development. It emerged that institutional, economic and sociocultural factors are key in determining the ability of migration to contribute towards poverty reduction. It is concluded that internal migration for livelihood purposes is important as it enables households to improve their living conditions in a sustained manner.
Life stress, support and class inequality

This paper examines the relationships between stress, social support, class, health and health-service use in a sample of mothers and children from a predominantly socially disadvantaged population. The initial sample size was 509; the sample was drawn from 4 cities, 2 in the south of England and 2 in the Midlands. Stress, measured using a standard life-events inventory, was found to be more common amongst the most disadvantaged women; the women who reported the most stress during pregnancy also reported the most stress 1 year after the birth. There were few direct relationships between stress and social support; those that did exist were in the direction of more life events being associated with less support. The occurrence of life events was strongly related to the mothers' psychological and physical health; there were also relationships with the babies' health, especially at 1 year. Events of particular importance were those relating to money, problems with partners and paid work. Women who reported life events were more likely to use the health services both for themselves and for their babies. A model is proposed for understanding the processes linking the material and cultural circumstances associated with class and health outcomes. In this model, social support and health-service use occupy contrasting roles as factors mediating these relationships. While health-service use is associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes, social support is health-promoting.
Research article, J Sport Sci Med

Cancer survivors (CA) tend to demonstrate metabolic, cardiac, and ventilatory alterations due to previous chemotherapy and radiation that may impair adaptability following aerobic exercise training. Exercise training adaptations of CA finished with primary treatment compared to non-cancer participants (NC) have not yet been extensively elucidated. Thus, the present study compared physiologic responses of CA versus NC following a low-to-moderate intensity, 8-wk aerobic training program. Thirty-seven previously sedentary participants (CA: n = 14, 12 females; NC: n = 23, 19 females) with no heart or metabolic disease did not differ in age, height, weight, and body mass index (51 ± 2 y, 1.66 ± 0.02 m, 83.8 ± 3.2 kg, and 30.5 ± 1 kg·m). Each participant underwent baseline, 3-, 6-, and 8-wk VO2peak treadmill testing using the USAFSAM protocol and walked on a treadmill three times per week at 80-90% of ventilatory threshold (VT) for approximately 40-min·session-1. Variables obtained on the VO2peak tests included: HR at stage 2 (HR@stage2), rating of perceived exertion at stage 2 (RPE@stage2), lactate threshold (LT), ventilatory threshold (VT), salivary cortisol at 30-min post VO2peak test (SC@30minPost),VO2peak level, time of fatigue (TOF), and maximal heart rate (HRmax). NC had significantly (p < 0.05) higher VO2peak, TOF, and HRmax at baseline, 3and 6-wks of training but not at 8-wks. There were no differences between groups on RPE@stage2 except at baseline (p < 0.05). A significant (p < 0.05) interaction was observed only for RPE@stage2 with CA rating their initial RPE significantly greater at baseline versus NC. CA notably improved submaximal and maximal exercise capacity during 8 weeks of aerobic training and did not show altered adaptability compared to NC. We suggest prescribing aerobic exercise training at low/moderate intensity and duration initially, with progressive increases in duration and intensity after approximately 8-weeks. If available and supported, we advise clinicians to utilize submaximal threshold concepts obtained from cardiopulmonary exercise testing to prescribe more precise aerobic exercise training parameters.
Moving R&D labs.∗

The geography of innovation is characterized by two main stylized facts: knowledge primarily spills over to neighboring inventors, and knowledge production is spatially more concentrated than economic activity. The second fact appears as a natural consequence of the first one: firms should cluster in space to take advantage of new knowledge produced around them. Yet, very little is known about how innovative firms internalize spillovers in their location choices. This paper focuses on innovative firms’ decisions to relocate a R&D plant. Using data on French firms, it starts by building two sets of stylized facts to describe R&D plant relocations. Firstly, R&D firms are more mobile than the average firm employing high-skilled workers, moving both more frequently and further away. Secondly, innovative firms are less likely to move if they are locally well connected, and tend to choose locations with a high potential for knowledge spillovers if they do move. Building on these facts, I study a model emphasizing the effect of existing local connections to neighboring inventors on relocation decisions. I introduce a novel stability concept, characterize stable networks, and show the extent to which movements may occur in cascades. JEL — R30; O33; L14.
Energy-Efficient Register Renaming in High-Performance Processors

Multiported register files are a critical component of highperformance superscalar processors. Conventional multiported structures consume significant power. This paper presents the hardware component of a hardware/compiler approach to manage the register file based on program behavior and achieve higher energy efficiency in out-of-order processors. The proposed approach outperforms previous schemes in both performance and power savings. With no performance penalty, the mechanism achieves more than 60% energy savings with simple and reduced extra logic. Additional savings can be obtained when this technique is applied with compiler support.
Determinants of Student Dropout from Two External Degree Programmes of Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

This paper reports on the results of an analytical, cross-sectional, comparative study adopting tracer methodologies to establish the determinants of student dropout from two external degree programmes of Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Distance education (DE) has the capacity to increase access to education as an alternative to face-to-face instruction. Using stratified sampling, continuing students and students who dropped out of the Bachelor of Education (External) degree and the Commonwealth diploma in Youth in Development Work were selected as samples while purposive sampling was used to select lecturers and administrators. Findings showed that socio-cultural and financial factors mainly contributed to the student dropout. Other factors included environmental factors like the teaching and learning environment, transfers from one working place to another, loss of jobs, demanding jobs, sickness and feelings of isolation. It is recommended that there should be advocacy for the decentralisation of support activities so that services are moved nearer to students, hence reducing their expenses; materials should be printed and made available while funds should also be solicited by the Department of DE to construct a building that can accommodate the unique activities required by DE students. Employers of students should also be sensitised about the advantages of studying by distance so that they support the students and give them soft loans to enable them to meet the requirements for university study. Abstrak
Les biphosphonates pour le traitement du syndrome douloureux régional complexe de type 1 ou algoneurodystrophie : méta-analyse des essais randomisés contre placebo

Objectifs. Le syndrome douloureux regional complexe de type 1 (SDRC-1) est un syndrome douloureux gravement invalidant sans traitement definitif etabli. De nombreuses etudes ont montre que les biphosphonates peuvent reduire la douleur et ameliorer la fonction chez les patients avec SDRC 1. Nous avons effectue une revue systematique de la litterature et une meta analyse de tous les essais controles randomises pour evaluer le benefice des biphosphonates sur la douleur et la fonction chez les patients atteints d’algoneurodystrophie. Methodes. Une recherche systematique de la litterature a ete effectuee dans les bases de donnees Medline, Embase et Cochrane. Deux auteurs ont selectionne independamment les essais randomises en aveugle comparant les biphosphonates au placebo sur la douleur a court terme (J30 a J40) et a moyen terme (M2-M3), la tolerance ainsi que la fonction chez les patients atteints de SDRC 1. Resultats. 258 articles ont ete identifies. Cinq essais de moyenne a bonne qualite methodologique repondaient a nos criteres d'inclusion. L’EVA douleur a court terme etait statistiquement significativement plus faible dans le groupe biphosphonate par rapport au groupe placebo (-2,6, IC a 95% [-1,8, -3,4] p<0,00001), ainsi que l’EVA douleur a moyen terme (-2,5, IC a 95% [-1,4, -3,6] p <0,00001). Il y avait plus d’evenements indesirables dans le groupe biphosphonate (35,5%) que dans le groupe placebo ((16,4%) RR = 2,95, IC 95% [1,38, 6,29]). Conclusion. Nos resultats suggerent que les biphosphonates reduisent la douleur et ameliorent la fonction chez les patients atteints de SDRC 1. D'autres etudes sont necessaires pour determiner leur efficacite.
ON THE LIPSCHITZ CONTINUITY OF THE INTEGRATED DENSITY OF STATES FOR SIGN-INDEFINITE POTENTIALS

The present paper is devoted to the study of spectral proper ties of random Schrödinger operators. Using a finite section method for To eplitz matrices, we prove a Wegner estimate for some alloy type models where the single s ite potential is allowed to change sign. The results apply to the corresponding discr ete model, too. In certain disorder regimes we are able to prove the Lipschitz continui ty of the integrated density of states and/or localization near spectral edges.
Vascular Risk Factors which Influence the Prognosis of Prodromal Alzheimer Disease

Objective: To analyze the demographic, clinical and biomarker factors that may influence the prognosis and survival in prodromal Alzheimer ́s Disease (AD) in Spanish patients. Study population and methods: Between 2008 to 2011, 170 mild cognitively impaired patients who were reviewed clinically at 6 monthly intervals were included in the study. During the follow-up, assessment of the progression to AD was performed according to NIA-AA (2011) criteria and patients were then classified following the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS). Results: After a follow-up period of 5.5 ± 1.2 years, 95 patients developed AD. In May 2016, 11 were GDS 4 and 62 GDS 5 or greater and 21 were deceased. Diabetics and non hypercholesterolemic patients died in a larger proportion than non-diabetics patients (p<0.03) and hypercholesterolemic patients treated with statins (p<0.02). Patients with hypertension reached faster GDS 5 than non-hypertensive patients (p<0.02) as well as the patients treated only with anticholinesterasic drugs (p<0.03). Conclusion: Diabetes was associated with a worse determinant prognosis in prodromal Alzheimer ́s disease in Spanish patients.
Urban drainage in Barcelona: from hazard to resource?

Our objective in this paper is to trace the historical trajectory of urban drainage in Barcelona from the 19th century to the present highlighting the main changes in approach, from the 'everything down the drain' philosophy of the 19th century to the sustainable urban drainage systems of the early 21st century. In this trajectory we identify four main historical periods. The first period corresponds to the 'Garcia Faria Plan' of the late 19th century which initiated the construction of modern drainage in Barcelona. The second period, lasting for much of the 20th century, showed the expansion of the centralised sewer system that, however, could not solve the chronic problems of flooding and pollution created by fast urbanisation. The third period, governed by the Olympic Games of 1992 and the rehabilitation of the beach front, entailed a massive reconfiguration of the sewer system now connected to wastewater treatment plants and enhanced with a number of large underground stormwater reservoirs. Finally, since the early 2000s, urban drainage is increasingly adopting decentralised, smallscale solutions to drainage such as Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS). While signs of the transition towards a more sustainable approach to urban drainage are already present, the conventional approach remains strong and appears to be evolving also towards more sustainable solutions. Hence, system coexistence rather than substitution appears to be the outcome of the transition in urban drainage in this city.
NLNDE: Enhancing Neural Sequence Taggers with Attention and Noisy Channel for Robust Pharmacological Entity Detection

Named entity recognition has been extensively studied on English news texts. However, the transfer to other domains and languages is still a challenging problem. In this paper, we describe the system with which we participated in the first subtrack of the PharmaCoNER competition of the BioNLP Open Shared Tasks 2019. Aiming at pharmacological entity detection in Spanish texts, the task provides a non-standard domain and language setting. However, we propose an architecture that requires neither language nor domain expertise. We treat the task as a sequence labeling task and experiment with attention-based embedding selection and the training on automatically annotated data to further improve our system’s performance. Our system achieves promising results, especially by combining the different techniques, and reaches up to 88.6% F1 in the competition.
Organisational Profitability and Public Relations: Case of Cadbury Nigeria's Plc

he importance of public relations (PR) to any Torganization cannot be overemphasized. The way an organization relates to the public has a lot to say of such organization especially in the maintenance of corporate image which enhances the realization of set goals and promotes profitability. This study assesses the effect of public relations on increased profitability of Cadbury Nigeria's Plc. Both primary and secondary data required for this study were gathered from two sources, the first from a field study and the second from text books, journals and past studies. The population for this study was 195 employees in the marketing and sales department of Cadbury Nigeria plc. Lagos, the sample size derived from the population was 131 but 127 respondents returned their questionnaires. Structured questionnaire was implored for the elicitation of relevant data regarding the respondent's biodata and study variables. Information generated were analysed firstly on percentage and frequency tables and finally hypothesis test was carried out using regression with the aid of statistical package for social science (SPSS). Result indicated there is a significant effect of PR on profitability growth of Cadbury Nigeria's Plc:the R= 84.2%, 2 R = 81.1% which is high and moderate, and t-calculated value is 7.897 which is greater than t-tabulated of 1.984. This study recommends the adoption of PR by organizations as a tool for enhanced profitability.
Variable Structure Systems Theory in Training of Radial Basis Function Neurocontrollers − Part II: Applications

Abstract – Some illustrative applications of Variable Structure Systems (VSS) theory based parameter tuning in control systems are presented in this paper. The underlying idea of robustness against disturbances and high tracking performance is observed through an appropriate integration of Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNN) and VSS based training scheme. The examples presented include the control of mechatronic systems, biochemical processes and a chaotic system named Duffing oscillator.
A BRIEF REVIEW ON IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION (IVF): AN ADVANCED AND MIRACULOUS GATEWAY FOR INFERTILITY TREATMENTS

In-vitro fertilization (IVF) is an advanced and miraculous process by which egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body or coined as In-vitro. In-vitro fertilization (IVF) is the advanced clinical treatment for infertility, when previously; other methods of assisted reproductive technology had been failed. The first successful birth of a "test tube baby" named, Louise Brown, was born in 25 July, 1978 in London as a result of natural cycle In-vitro fertilization (IVF). Robert G. Edwards, the physiologist who developed the treatment, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2010. This procedure involves monitoring and stimulating woman's ovulatory process to remove ovum or ova from the woman's ovaries and to let the sperms fertilize those eggs in artificial fluid medium in a laboratory. The fertilized egg or zygote is cultured for 2–6 days in an artificial growth medium and then, transferred to the mother's uterus with the intention of establishing a successful pregnancy as to have the obvious benefit of boosting the odds of getting pregnant. Especially, in stressful and unhealthy urban life style, In-vitro fertilization (IVF) is very helpful for women with blocked fallopian tubes or for men with a low sperm count lead to conceiving of babies and in turn, their births with successful as well as expecting survival rate which are coined with a colloquial term "test tube babies. "
Labour Flexibility and the Ethical Responsibility of Businesses

This article seeks to examine labour flexibility within the context of the ethical and social responsibilities of businesses. Our aim is to find out what bases there are for businesses and organisations to claim moral and ethical responsibilities as they implement flexible employment policies. The article shall define labour flexibility and examine the implications of the different flexible employment contracts for stakeholders namely organisations and employees. The problem of ethics and the difficulty of using ethical arguments in determining right and wrong decisions shall be highlighted. Consequently the article shall use normative ethics which incorporates approaches such as the utilitarian approach, justice approach, moral or natural right approach and individualism approach as the bases to evaluate the ethical dimensions of labour flexibility.
Various morphologies hydroxyapatite crystals on Ti MAO film prepared by hydrothermal treatment

Hydroxyapatite crystals of various morphologies were grown on Ti-6Al-4V plates using Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) plus hydrothermal treatment. Phase identification was carried out by XRD. The mechanisms by which these HA crystals form is here discussed. It was deduced that HA formation depended on the degree of supersaturation of Ca and P ions in the treated solution. Various hydrothermal treatments with different degrees of supersaturation were designed and performed. Crystals with flake, needle-like, hexagonal column, and composite morphologies were obtained. The formation of different HA morphologies is discussed in terms of growth mechanisms. The effects of the degree of supersaturation of Ca and P ions on the morphologies of hydroxyapatite crystals are illustrated. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the Chinese Heat Treatment Society.