Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Desenvolvimento da compreensão de leitura: o papel decisivo da instrução focada nas diferenças individuais

Os modelos de compreensão proficiente não explicavam o desenvolvimento da habilidade. O modelo de desenvolvimento de compreensão de leitura de Connor (CONNOR, 2016a), com base em consistentes achados empíricos, reúne elementos de modelos prévios e, no marco do paradigma bioecológico de desenvolvimento infantil, inclui os aspectos sociais da cognição e o fator instrucional. Neste trabalho teórico objetivamos detalhar o modelo de rede (lattice model) e os estudos empíricos que o embasaram para: (1) destacar o avanço teórico que ele representa no entendimento da habilidade, o que é feito por meio de um histórico dos modelos de compreensão de leitura; e (2) enfatizar a clara implicação educacional: a instrução é chave para o desenvolvimento da habilidade, e será efetiva na medida em que for compatível com as habilidades linguísticas e sociocognitivas aportadas pelo aprendiz, isto é, com as diferenças individuais, o que supõe algum grau de individualização do ensino.
An ethical analysis of native-speaking English teachers’ identity construction in a mainland China university

ABSTRACT Informed by Foucault’s (1988) notion of ethics and the four axes of ethical self-formation (Clark 2009. ‘The Ethico-politics of Teacher Identity’. Educational Philosophy and Theory 41 (2): 185–200), this study explores how native-speaking English teachers (NETs) constructed their identities in relation to their lived experiences and practices at a university in mainland China. A multiple case study approach was employed using interviews with focal participants and reflective journals to understand their teaching experiences and practices as well as their meaning-making processes. Findings from the four cases suggest that participants constructed multiple and changing identities composed of various language teaching beliefs and practices. Whilst participants were influenced by dominant discourses which challenged their legitimacy as university teachers, the way individual teachers understood their professional experiences and interpreted the sociocultural constraints also played a critical role. Teacher identity self-practices and technologies of self were found to be important for helping NETs to negotiate favourable identities and liberate themselves from impositions. The article concludes with implications for NETs, host community and policy makers.
Social Media Makes Things Possible For Librarians: A Critical Note

The rapid progress and development of social media and its associated tools have made things easy for the library staff and library professionals. Social media is the fastest tool of communication in today’s world, where everyone can reach the other within a click. At the same time, the library professionals are getting familiar with social media and its related tools to apply in their respective libraries. The library professionals are creating a virtual platform using Social media to interact with their users and social media is also helping to reach out to the targeted audiences and customers. Social media is using by librarians to make their library users and also use social media for the marketing of their sources and services. Several factors are influencing the use of social media in the libraries because the library professionals think that social media is the best choice to bring library users nearer. Besides these facts there are massive numbers of challenges and issues are facing by the library professional while using social media in their respective libraries. These hurdles and issues should be resolved for better and reliable use of social media in the libraries. Library professionals use social media to share information with their potential users. This paper has highlighted some of the aspects of social media e.g. usage, factors and issues, challenges in the use of libraries.
Postural state modulation of cortical balance reactions

iii Acknowledgements . iv List of Figures . vii Chapter 1: Background. 1 1.0 Importance of walking . 1 1.1 The control of gait and dynamic stability control . 2 1.2 Locomotor rhythm control (Central pattern generators) . 3 1.3 Step placement . 6 1.4 Central Nervous System Control of Balance . 7 1.5 Cortical control of dynamic balance . 9 1.6 Reactive balance control . 10 1.7 Perturbation-evoked Cortical Activity . 11 1.8 Perturbation Evoked Reactions . 16 1.9 Postural state as a modulator of cortical balance responses . 17 1.10 Objectives and Hypotheses . 20 Chapter 2: Methods . 23 2.0 Participants . 23 2.1 Task . 23 2.2 Measures . 24 2.3 Statistical Analysis . 26 Chapter 3: Results . 27
Ambiente alimentar residencial e obesidade em crianças e adolescentes de uma cidade de médio porte brasileira

A obesidade e um problema de saude publica, que afeta precocemente a saude de criancas e adolescentes. Dentre os diversos fatores envolvidos na sua etiologia estao aspectos do ambiente no qual as pessoas vivem, incluindo o ambiente alimentar, que pode favorecer ou nao o consumo alimentar saudavel e o ganho de peso. O objetivo deste estudo foi associar as variaveis ambientais com a obesidade em criancas e adolescentes de uma cidade de medio porte brasileira. Trata-se de estudo transversal, conduzido com 661 estudantes de ambos os sexos com idade entre 7 e 14 anos, matriculados no ensino fundamental de escolas publicas da area urbana da cidade de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil. A presenca de obesidade foi definida pelo ponto de corte escore Z > +2 desvio-padrao para o indicador indice de massa corporal por idade. O ambiente social foi caracterizado pelo nivel de privacao social, utilizando-se o Indice de vulnerabilidade a saude (IVS). O ambiente alimentar foi avaliado pela densidade de estabelecimentos de venda de alimentos (numero por area da regiao urbana residencial em Km²). Os estabelecimentos foram avaliados de acordo com dois diferentes criterios de agregacao. As categorias formadas foram: (1) saudaveis; nao saudaveis; mistos; e supermercados e hipermercados; (2) servicos de alimentacao para consumo imediato e comercios de alimentos para preparo em domicilio. A distribuicao dos estabelecimentos de venda de alimentos tambem foi analisada segundo o nivel de privacao social da regiao urbana residencial. As associacoes entre as medidas ambientais e a presenca de obesidade foram estimadas por meio de regressao logistica binaria a partir do modelo de equacoes de estimativa generalizadas. Verificou-se uma associacao inversa entre a densidade de supermercados e hipermercados e a presenca de obesidade (OR= 0,58; IC 95%: 0,360,93). Para as demais categorias de estabelecimentos de venda de alimentos avaliadas nao foram observadas diferencas significativas. Alem disso, observou-se maior densidade de todos os tipos de estabelecimentos com venda de alimentos em areas de menor privacao social. Os achados deste estudo apontam para a existencia de uma associacao entre o ambiente alimentar e a obesidade de criancas e adolescentes e reforcam a necessidade de aprofundar as investigacoes sobre a influencia dos supermercados e similares no consumo alimentar e estado nutricional infantil.
OCT EN UVEÍTIS ANTERIORES AGUDAS OCT IN ACUTE ANTERIOR UVEITIS

Purpose: To evaluate macular thickening, the state of the optic disc and retinal nerve fibers layer (RFNL) in patients with an actual episode of acute anterior uvetis (AAU) by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and compare them with a control group. Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional, observational and controlled study we recruited 27 consecutive eyes of 20 patients with an actual episode of AAU, age and sex-matched with 40 healthy eyes of 20 volunteers. The age ranged between 8 and 78 years old, and all were evaluated by the «fast macular thickness», «fast optic disc» and «fast RFNL thickness» scans by OCT. The patients were evaluated twice in a period of 1 month in order to obtain an average between the two measurements by OCT. Results: We found a statistically significant increase in macular volume in AAU eyes compared with control eyes. Total macular volume in uveitic eyes was 7.3 SD 0.6 mm 3 and in healthy eyes was 7.01 SD 0.3 mm 3 (mean SD standard deviation) (p<0.001). Indeed, we found a statistically significant increase in the superior RFNL thickness compared with controls. The Smax/Imax measurement was 1.05 SD 0.1 in pathological eyes and in healthy eyes it was 0.97 SD 0.1 (p<0.02).
Language and thought

Possessing a language is one of the central features that distinguishes humans from other species. Many people share the intuition that they think in language and the absence of language therefore would be the absence of thought. One compelling version of this self-reflection is Helen Keller’s (1955) report that her recognition of the signed symbol for ‘water’ triggered thought processes that had theretofore – and consequently – been utterly absent. Statements to the same or related effect come from the most diverse intellectual sources: “The limits of my language are the limits of my world” (Wittgenstein, 1922); and “The fact of the matter is that the ‘real world’ is to a large extent unconsciously built upon the language habits of the group” (Sapir, 1941 , as cited in Whorf, 1956, p. 75). The same intuition arises with regard to particular languages and dialects. Speaking the language of one’s childhood seems to conjure up a host of social and cultural attitudes, beliefs, memories, and emotions, as though returning to the Casbah or to Avenue L and East 19th Street and conversing with the natives opens a window back into some prior state of one’s nature. But do such states of mind arise because one is literally thinking in some new representational format by speaking in a different language? After all, many people experience the same or related changes in sociocultural orientation and sense of self when they are, say, wearing their battered old jeans versus some required business suit or military uniform; or even more poignantly when they reexperience a smell or color or sound associated with dimly recalled events. Many such experiences evoke other times, other places. But according to many anthropological linguists, sociologists, and cognitive psychologists, speaking a particular language exerts vastly stronger and more pervasive influences than an old shoe or the smell of boiling cabbage. The idea of “linguistic relativity” is that having language, or having a particular language, crucially shapes mental life. Indeed, it may not be only that a specific language exerts its idiosyncratic effects as we speak or listen to it – that language might come to “be” our thought; we may have no way to think many thoughts, conceptualize many of our ideas, without this
A Review of Complications of Amphotericin-B Therapy: Recommendations for Prevention and Management

The pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and management of adverse reactions of amphotericin B are presented. Various types of nephrotoxicity, thrombophlebitis, and anemia are described along with suggestions for their prevention and management. The management of generalized reactions such as fever, GI upset, headache, and myalgias is discussed, along with a commentary on allergic reactions. Complications associated with intrathecal administration and aerosolization of the drug are also described.
The motivational staircase: Evolutionary insights from reversal theory.

This paper discusses key insights from Reversal theory in evolutionary perspective. Reversal theory proposes four motivational states that may serve to justify and motivate the act of fighting. Individual soldiers are variably motivated in combat. Consequently, they respond to different construals of war depending on their idiosyncratic motivations. This paper proposes that these variable motivations are rooted in our genetic baggage and that they have evolved to cater for different demands posed by our shared environment for evolutionary adaptation. Specifically, the paper outlines a motivational staircase comprised of four evolutionary stages, namely survival, social instincts, reciprocity and social contract, which have provided us with a range of motivations that bear on individuals’ decisions to act, including combat. The paper concludes by arguing that understanding variable motivational states furthers our understanding of when individuals choose to collaborate with each for competitive purposes.
Quand les momies égyptiennes nous parlent des infections qui les tourmentaient.

L'etude microbiologique des momies a commence en 1910 lorsque Sir M.A Ruffer a utilise pour la premiere fois les techniques histologiques pour l'examen des tissus momifies et a decouvert des oeufs de Schistosoma haematobium dans les reins de momies egyptiennes de la XXeme dynastie. Jusque dans les annees 1990, ce sont les techniques morphologiques telles que la radiologie, le scanner, l'endoscopie, l'histologie et la microscopie electronique, couplees a la serologie, qui ont constitue les outils de la Paleopathologie. Elles ont permis d'identifier les bilharzioses, la dracunculose, la trichinose, l'ascaridiose et la tuberculose osseuse comme les maladies infectieuses les plus couramment rencontrees chez les anciens Egyptiens. L'introduction recente des techniques de la biologie moleculaire, avec en particulier la PCR, a permis de confirmer la prevalence elevee des helminthiases et de la tuberculose parmi ces populations. Elle a permis aussi d'autres progres comme la confirmation du caractere endemique du paludisme a Plasmodium falciparum et la mise en evidence eventuelle de septicemies bacteriennes et de la diphterie. Il existe encore de tres nombreuses momies humaines et animales a etudier qui permettront probablement de decouvrir d'autres infections virales ou zoonotiques qui ont sevi aux temps des pharaons.
A measurement study on racist hate speech in twitter using tweet binder

The role of social media is in our daily lives is immense. It has many positive sides as well as negative sides especially in the society and human behaviors. Some people are trying to use the social media for tarnishing the routine setup of the society. Some people use these websites for anti-social behaviors including cyber stalking, cyber bullying, trolling, harassments and hate speech. At present, social media websites have started creating serious efforts to control racist hate speech. But, most of them are still facing challenges to come up with an efficient solution. The aim of this research is to explore and measure the racism hate speeches in Twitter. Predictive research method of quantitative studies was applied to carry out this research. Since it is a technological based research, Tweet Binder analytical tool was used to analyze the data. For this research work, the researcher use the dataset for racist hate speech distributed via data world which consists 517 racist hate speeches. Simple random sampling method was used to test the data. As a results, it found that all formats of tweets including text, replies, retweet, pictures and links have most number of racist hate speeches. Especially replies and retweets have highest number of hate speeches. It is highly recommended to Twitter and other social media websites to implement strict policies and mechanisms to control hate speeches to control them to create a peaceful social media environment.
HR Flexibility in Family Firms: Integrating Family Functioning and Family Business Leadership

ABSTRACT We developed a conceptual model that links central constructs of family functioning to HR flexibility and subsequent HR outcomes in family businesses. We proposed that family functioning was associated with two fundamental leadership decisions (i.e. family-business integration and family involvement) in family businesses. We posited that family business leaders have immense discretion to make these critical decisions that establish the degree to which the family firms would exhibit HR flexibility. We distinguished the three dimensions of HR flexibility – skill, behavioral, and HR practices flexibility and proposed that skill and behavioral HR flexibility generally lead to positive HR outcomes whereas the effects of HR practice flexibility on HR outcomes would be moderated by whether the employee is a family or non-family employee.
Online scaffolding dictionary for children

In teaching vocabularies to Indonesian children, scaffolding has not been a preferred choice yet. Teachers tend to use a simple method, write down and remember yet junior high school students require more concrete, fun, and challenging ways of penetrating the idea of new words inflowing their brain. Online scaffolding dictionary for children is purposefully designed to meet that ends. This application is easy to operate, and noticeable even for parents. One click and the children will surf down below merely words, to net their points of understanding. This is a one-click-many-result-innovation. Questionnaire was distributed to the users to find out the responses having activated the application. Teachers and parents were also interviewed. Developmental research is applied to frame all the needs; this new innovation is about to develop further and more sophisticated along with the feedbacks from all users. After designing, developing and evaluating the dictionary through several stages, the application is ready to be downloaded. One important assessment suggested by users that this online dictionary teaches students the process; it strengthens the concept of soft skills to be developed by human—to fight for what is expected.
Pedagogical Strategies of Visual Art in Colleges of Education

This paper examines the implementation of the visual art curriculum at Wiawso College of Education (WATICO) in Ghana. The discussion touches on the pedagogical strategies and methods used in the teaching of the visual art programme at the WATICO and also to examine it implications on the trained teacher expected to teach Visual Art aspect of Basic Design and Technology (BDT) at the Basic Education level. Purposive sampling technique was used. Three main methods viz. interview, personal observations, and documentary review were employed. Teacher performance evaluation and Inductive analysis strategy were used as reference materials for the analysis. The study revealed that the art teachers at WATICO demonstrated high level of competency of knowledge in the subject matter. However, the teaching and learning of art component BDT at WATICO was more theoretical than practical and in spite of the tutors’ mastery in the preparation of lesson notes, the research revealed that the visual art at WATICO does not equip the teacher-trainee with teaching and learning skills in all the three areas of BDT (Visual Arts, Home Economics, and Technical Skills). The findings of the study cannot be generalized for colleges of education in Ghana since it was limited to only WATICO in the Western Region of Ghana. It was concluded that, the pedagogical strategies and methods adopted for the teaching and learning of visual art at WATICO were diverse, yet appropriate for the visual art. However, teaching and learning of visual art at the basic level were observed to be more theoretical than practical demonstration and application. It is recommended that the use of learner centred approach to teaching coupled with diverse teaching methods as practiced in WATICO should be consolidated. Keywords: pedagogy, art, education and implementation DOI : 10.7176/ADS/77-01 Publication date :October 31 st 2019
Measuring Metacognitive Knowledge, Monitoring, and Control in the Pharmacy Classroom and Experiential Settings

Objective. To provide a user’s guide on measuring metacognition in authentic contexts so that educators and researchers can explore students’ metacognition with an aim towards improving their students’ metacognitive processes and achievement. Findings. Metacognition can be measured in a variety of ways depending on whether the interest is knowledge, monitoring, or control. These methods include surveys, assessment of student predictions versus their performance on examinations, or investigating students’ decisions during their learning process. Summary. Metacognition refers to people’s knowledge about and regulation of their cognitive processes. These aspects of metacognition are important for supporting students’ success in academic and experiential settings. In particular, students who recognize successful learning strategies can accurately monitor their own progress and make effective study decisions that are more likely to help them meet their learning goals. Thus, measuring metacognitive knowledge, monitoring, and control can help educators identify struggling students who may benefit from interventions to improve their metacognitive processes.
The inclusion of the term ‘color’ in any racial label is racist, is it not?

Through an examination of the term people of color, this conceptual paper illustrates how the use of historical racial labels in the US, supposedly aimed at denouncing racism, seems to reproduce that which the labels purport to condemn. With a primary focus on Blacks or African-Americans, this paper draws purely on a review and analysis of secondary information to argue that any antiracist agenda that utilizes terms that were associated with historical racism may well be reproducing the racist ideologies that justified slavery and Jim Crow laws. This paper calls for the elimination of the term people of color and related labels from popular usage for the following reasons: (1) the racialized representation of color in historical race relations, (2) the deleterious implications of color for contemporary interracial and intraracial relations, and (3) the misleading universalism and racial divisiveness in the term people of color. These issues are discussed following an introduction and a conceptual framework. The paper concludes with a recommendation of appropriate terms for racial identification.
Community Service as a Teaching Method and Its Impact on Student Performance

This research study employed a quasi-experimental design of two groups using pretest-posttest. Two groups were assigned to different treatments; the Control Group stayed inside the classroom while the Experimental group was exposed to community service. The manner of groupings was based on the randomized design lottery method technique. Results revealed that there was a significant difference in the student academic performance of the BS Biology students after the intervention using community service as a teaching method. Furthermore, the data gathered were triangulated using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) from the respondents, specifically personal reflections, observations, and in-depth interviews to the students and the residents of Barangay Daculan, Estancia, Iloilo. This implied that the conduct of the intervention brought significant effects to the student academic performance — likewise, the people of Brgy. Daculan has widened their perspective, awareness, and familiarity towards their surroundings after the series of lectures conducted in the community. Therefore, it can be stated that community service, when used as a teaching method, was highly effective to both students and community as revealed in the post-test results of students’ academic performance, the intervention improved the quality of instruction when used as a teaching method through community services.