Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AN UPDATE ON PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE OF BOSWELLIA SERRATA

Boswellia serrata (Burseraceae) is the most ancient and respected herbs in Ayurveda. In Unani system of medicine, oleo-gum resin of Boswellia serrata named Kundur played a prime ingredient role in modern quality perfumes. The gum is used as a remedy for treatment of illness especially skin diseases and rheumatism in Indian system of medicine (Sidha, Ayurvedic and Unani) for last diverse centuries. Salai guggul is one of the accepted drugs for various complaints such as dyspepsia, dysentery, lung diseases, urinary disorder, haemorrhoids and corneal ulcer in Unani system of medicine for the last several decades.The present article is aimed to provide an overview on various pharmacological activities of Boswellia serrata. The resin fraction of salai guggal is rich in boswellic acids and its essential oils that are composed of a mixture of mono, di and sesquiterpenes while gum fraction chiefly contains pentose and hexose sugars. The oleo-gum resin is quite popular among the practitioners of traditional system and possesses wide range of useful biological properties such as antiasthmatic, anticancer, antifungal, anticomplementary, antihyperlipidemic, antiinflammatory, antiarthritic, antirheumatic, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antifungal and analgesic.An exhaustive review of literature was performed using various databases on science direct, scopus, pubmed, google scholar and free patents online.This review is a sincere attempt to discuss and present the current status of pharmacological profile of Boswellia serrata.
Finding the Optimal Aeration Profiles and DO Profiles in a Plug-flow Biological Wastewater Treatment Reactor with A Theoretical Approach

Abstract It is a common principle that aeration to a wastewater treatment reactor performing aerobic carbon and ammonium oxidation should be minimised while satisfactory carbon and ammonium removal is achieved. The implementation of this principle in a plug-flow like aerobic reactor has so far been in an ad-hoc manner in the absence of a theoretically optimal dissolved oxygen (DO) profile. In this study, the Pontryagin Maximum Principle is applied to derive the theoretically optimal DO profile along a plug-flow aerobic reactor. While it is difficult to implement this optimisation algorithm online in practice due to the requirement of detailed wastewater composition and model parameter information, the optimal aeration profiles revealed under various conditions provide guidance to the design and operation of aeration systems. The optimal K L a and DO profiles can be applied in benchmark model to not only achieve satisfactory effluent requirements but also aeration energy is saved.
Transition to negative refractive index in plasma metamaterial with negative permeability

Metamaterials partly composed of discharge plasmas exhibit a number of distinguishable points from ordinary metamaterials. In particular, states with negative refractive index are triggered in a process with saddle-node bifurcations, and negative permeability is a key factor to achieve such transitions. In this paper, theoretical predictions and experimental verifications are demonstrated, which confirm that “plasma metamaterials” are quite nonlinear in the microwave range.
Compocasting of A 356-CNT composite

A356 aluminum alloys reinforced with carbon nano-tubes (CNTs) were produced by stir casting and compocasting routes and their microstructural characteristics and hardness were examined. In order to alleviate the problems associated with poor wettability, agglomeration and gravity segregation of CNTs in the melt, CNTs were introduced into the melts by injection of CNT deposited aluminum particles instead of raw CNTs. Aluminum particles with mean diameters of less than 100 μm were first deposited by CNTs using Ni-P electroless plating technique and then injected into the melt agitated by a mechanical stirrer. The slurry was subsequently cast at temperatures corresponding to full liquid as well as 0.15 and 0.30 solid fractions. The results show that addition of CNTs to A356 matrix can significantly refine both full liquid and semi-solid cast microstructures. Hardness of the samples is also significantly increased by addition of CNTs and A356-CNT composite cast at 0.3 solid fraction produces the highest hardness.
Optimal slot opening in permanent magnet machines for minimum cogging torque

Based on the 2-d model of a slot and the effective flux density distribution in an equivalent slotless machine, this paper presents an analytical technique for accurately determining the optimal slot opening for minimum cogging torque in permanent magnet machines. It is then used to derive the relationship between slot opening and cogging torque for machines having different combinations of slot number and pole number. In addition, it is applied to slot pairing to effectively reduce the cogging torque. Analytical results are verified by finite element analyses and experiments. Streszczenie. Wykorzystując dwuwymiarowy model szczeliny i rozkladu indukcji w artykule zaprezentowano technike określania optymalnej szczeliny dla uzyskania minimalnego momentu zakleszczania sie. Analize wykorzystano do określania momentu w maszynach o roznej liczbie szczelin i biegunow. Wyniki analizy zweryfikowano eksperymentalnie i obliczeniowo (metodą elementu skonczonego). (Optymalna konstrukcja szczeliny w silnikach z magnesami trwalymi warunkująca minimum momentu zakleszczenia)
Movement Initiation Signa ls in MouseWhisker Motor Cortex Highlights

Citing this paper Please note that where the full-text provided on King's Research Portal is the Author Accepted Manuscript or Post-Print version this may differ from the final Published version. If citing, it is advised that you check and use the publisher's definitive version for pagination, volume/issue, and date of publication details. And where the final published version is provided on the Research Portal, if citing you are again advised to check the publisher's website for any subsequent corrections.
Current and emerging therapies in Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD)

Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) has onset usually in childhood, frequently by 11 years. BMD can present in several ways such as waddling gait, exercise related cramps with or without myoglobinuria. Rarely cardiomyopathy might be the presenting feature. The evolution is variable. BMD is caused by dystrophin deficiency due to inframe deletions, mutations or duplications in dystrophin gene (Xp21.2) We review here the evolution and current therapy presenting a personal series of cases followed for over two decades, with multifactorial treatment regimen. Early treatment includes steroid treatment that has been analized and personalized for each case. Early treatment of cardiomyopathy with ACE inhibitors is recommended and referral for cardiac transplantation is appropriate in severe cases. Management includes multidisciplinary care with physiotherapy to reduce joint contractures and prolong walking. BMD is slowly progressive with phenotypic variability. Despite childhood onset, independent walking is never lost before the third decade. Personalized medicine is required to tailor treatment to individual cases.
Work in Progress on Italian Holstein Genomic Evaluation

In Italy various projects are working, which have as one of their aims to support the development of genomic selection for the Italian cattle breeding system. Anafi, the Italian Holstein association, and several Italian AI centres participate in these three projects: (1) the SelMol project, which involves several species and breeds (2) the ProZoo project is active in Holstein cattle and pigs (3) the Elica project, which is started to further increase the reference population for Holstein. During 2010 Anafi expects to introduce Holstein genomic breeding values.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF TWO SYMPATRIC MORPHS OF THE DOGWHELK NUCELLA LAPILLUS (GASTROPODA: MURICIDAE) FROM GALICIA (NORTHWESTERN SPAIN)

There are two morphs, exposed and sheltered, of the dogwhelk Nucella lapillus associated with different degrees of exposure on the rocky shores of Galicia (northwestern Spain). These two morphs are typically found at different localities (allopatrically), but in a few sites they can be found in sympatry. We have analysed the shell and radular characteristics of these two morphs from a locality where they appear in sympatry. Genetic analysis using microsatellites was also performed. Morphological analysis was applied to shelled embryos, juveniles and adults. The results indicate consistent morphological differentiation across life-history stages, suggesting genetic determination. Differentiation in radular morphology (width of the rachidian teeth) was also detected in adults. Other taxonomically relevant traits such as protoconch morphology did not show differences between morphs. These results agree with the intraspecific polymorphism found in this species in other parts of Europe, hence the two morphs may represent ecotypes adapted to contrasted habitats. Although the relative contributions of classical genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity to variation in shell morphology remains unknown, our observations of genetic differentiation between the two morphs indicate that the genetic component is significant.
Low Frequency Predictability of Dynamical Extended Range Forecast Experiments

Abstract : The tropical intraseasonal oscillation is examined using projections of 5-day averaged wind and height data onto the normal modes of a primitive equation model linearized about a basic state at rest and prescribed global temperature. The data set utilized in thesis is from the Dynamical Extended Range Forecast (DERF) Experiment, conducted from January 1986 to March 1987. The examination of zonal wind anomalies in the tropics shows that the forecast model is unable to accurately predict either the amplitude or propagation of the 30-50 day oscillation, even when it is well-defined in the analysis. The forecasted amplitude is always much weaker than what the analysis data indicate. While errors are found in the tropical divergent wind field, the current study does not permit conclusions to be drawn regarding the influences of these errors, if any, on the extratropics. On the other hand, error patterns in the rotational wind fields of the extratropics, especially the Northern Hemisphere, are found to propagate into tropical regions. This best seen in the internal Rossby modes. Extratropical error patterns in the external Rossby modes, which are significantly larger in magnitude, are found to be mostly stationary. However, since these errors extend into tropical regions, the rotational error fields in the tropics closely resemble their extratropical counterparts.
Limits of Interest Empowerment in the European Union: The Case Of Football

Abstract The European Union (EU) represents an emerging opportunity structure refining societal actors’ chances to get access to and influence over policymaking. While research has mainly focused on lobbying within the legislative arena, we provide evidence that competition policy can also be understood as a venue of interest group politics by taking the case of European football. The specific institutional features of competition policy have the potential to increase probability of access and lower costs for political action for certain interest groups, but also to limit potential benefits from interest group politics. Professional football players and clubs in Europe have used competition policy procedures as an avenue to challenge the supremacy of governing bodies such as UEFA in the game’s organizational structures. Whilst managing some impact in terms of policy, the challengers have attained only moderate influence in football’s sectoral governance.
Cyberspace – Addiction or Not: A Limited Case Study of the Internet Addiction among Student Population

The paper presents an investigation into the role and relevance of computers and the Internet among young population, the aim of the usage of the virtual network, the time spent in cyberspace, as well as the Internet addiction. For the purpose of this investigation a questionnarie was used. The obtained results led to significant conclusions. Investigation results were statistically processed and shown in tables, to be followed by a discussion on the directions on further research that would include psycholology, sociology and sociolinguistics. The authors emphasise the need for a multidisciplinarian approach to this phenomenon. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2013. v2n11p150
Effects of Nitrogen Application on Soil Nitrification and Denitrification Rates and N2O Emissions in Greenhouse

Nitrous oxide (N2O) has significant impact on global warming and leads to the depletion of ozone in the stratosphere. Agricultural soil is regarded as a major source of N2O emissions. In recent years, greenhouse grown vegetables have rapidly developed in China. Although excessive fertilizer application in greenhouse vegetable production can result in increased N2O emissions, research data on such emissions from greenhouse vegetables, such as cucumber, remains limited. In this study, four nitrogen (N) fertilizer treatments including 1,200 (N1200, traditional N amount), 900 (N900), and 600 kg N ha -1 (N600) and the control (N0) were carried out on cucumber in a greenhouse in the North China Plain. Results showed that N2O emissions mainly occurred in the first five days after topdressing, and accounted for 75.8%-95.2% of total N2O emissions produced in the whole interval (10 days). Significant exponential correlations were observed between N2O flux and nitrification or denitrification rates (P< 0.01). The results also indicated that nitrification dominated and played a more important role in N2O emissions than denitrification under the irrigation conditions of the study (water-filled pore space was 40.0 to 66.6%). Cumulative N2O emissions were 0.48-5.01 kg N ha -1 in the cucumber growing season, accounting for 0.28-0.38% of nitrogen input. Compared to N1200, treatment N600 significantly reduced the rate of N2O emissions by 53.4%, and also maintained cucumber yield. Based on this study, 50% of the traditional N fertilizer rate (N600) was considered sustainable for greenhouse cucumber production in the North China Plain.
Trapped Energetic Electrons in the Magnetosphere of Ganymede

On May 7, 1997, the Galileo orbiter flew through the magnetosphere of Ganymede and crossed flux tubes connected at both ends to the satellite. Energetic electrons, observed during this encounter by means of the Energetic Particle Detector on board Galileo, showed double loss cones and "butterfly" type pitch angle distributions, as has been noted in past publications. In addition, as the spacecraft flew toward Ganymede, both the shape and magnitude of the spectrum changed. The intensities decreased, with the greatest depletion observed at the lowest energies, and the monotonic slope characteristic of the Jovian environment was replaced by a rollover of the spectrum at the low-energy end. The spectra lead us to infer a strongly energy-dependent injection efficiency into the trapping region. As on previous encounters, the pitch angle distributions confirmed the position of the magnetopause as indicated by the magnetometer measurements, but the spectra remained Jovian until the trapping region was reached. Various physical mechanisms capable of generating the observed spectra and pitch angle distributions, including downstream reconnection insertion followed by magnetic gradient drift and absorption of the lowest-energy electrons by Ganymede and injection from Jovian flux tubes upstream are assessed.
A Usability Evaluation of Let's Encrypt and Certbot: Usable Security Done Right

The correct configuration of HTTPS is a complex set of tasks, which many administrators have struggled with in the past. Let's Encrypt and Electronic Frontier Foundation's Certbot aim to improve the TLS ecosystem by offering free trusted certificates (Let's Encrypt) and by providing user-friendly support to configure and harden TLS (Certbot). Although adoption rates have increased, to date, there has been only a little scientific evidence of the actual usability and security benefits of this semi-automated approach. Therefore, we conducted a randomized control trial to evaluate the usability of Let's Encrypt and Certbot in comparison to the traditional certificate authority approach. We performed a within-subjects lab study with 31 participants. The study sheds light on the security and usability enhancements that Let's Encrypt and Certbot provide. We highlight how usability improvements aimed at administrators can have a large impact on security and discuss takeaways for Certbot and other security-related tasks that experts struggle with.
An automated strategy for calculation of phase diagram sections and retrieval of rock properties as a function of physical conditions

We formulate an algorithm for the calculation of stable phase relations of a system with constrained bulk composition as a function of its environmental variables. The basis of this algorithm is the approximate representation of the free energy composition surfaces of solution phases by inscribed polyhedra. This representation leads to discretization of high variance phase fields into a continuous mesh of smaller polygonal fields within which the composition and physical properties of the phases are uniquely determined. The resulting phase diagram sections are useful for understanding the phase relations of complex metamorphic systems and for applications in which it is necessary to establish the variations in rock properties such as density, seismic velocities and volatile‐content through a metamorphic cycle. The algorithm has been implemented within a computer program that is general with respect to both the choice of variables and the number of components and phases possible in a system, and is independent of the structure of the equations of state used to describe the phases of the system.
Advances in Agronomy

Grazing land models can assess the provisioning and trade-offs among ecosystem services attributable to grazing management strategies. We reviewed 12 grazing land models used for evaluating forage and animal (meat and milk) production, soil C sequestration, greenhouse gas emission, and nitrogen leaching, under both current and projected climate conditions. Given the spatial and temporal variability that characterizes most rangelands and pastures in which animal, plant, and soil interact, none of the models currently have the capability to simulate a full suite of ecosystem services provided by grazing lands at different spatial scales and across multiple locations. A large number of model applications have focused on topics such as environmental impacts of grazing land management and sustainability of ecosystems. Additional model components are needed to address the spatial and temporal dynamics of animal foraging behavior and interactions with biophysical and ecological processes on grazing lands and their impacts on animal performance. In addition to identified knowledge gaps in simulating biophysical processes in grazing land ecosystems, our review suggests further improvements that could increase adoption of these models as decision support tools. Grazing land models need to increase user-friendliness by utilizing available big data to minimize model parameterization so that multiple models can be used to reduce simulation uncertainty. Efforts need to reduce inconsistencies among grazing land models in simulated ecosystem services and grazing management effects by carefully examining the underlying biophysical and ecological processes and their interactions in eachmodel. Learning experiences amongmodelers, experimentalists, and stakeholders need to be strengthened by co-developing modeling objectives, approaches, and interpretation of simulation results.
Hybrid Similarity Measure in SmartLP: A Case Based System in Lesson Planning

Planning for teaching imposes a significant burden on teachers as they need to prepare different lesson plans for different classes according to various constraints such as students’ ability and previous knowledge. SmartLP, a case-based lesson planning system, has been implemented as a means of assisting teachers in constructing quality lesson plans more quickly and efficiently. SmartLP applied Case Based Reasoning (CBR) approach which consists of the following processes; retrieve, reuse, revise, and retain within its cycle. CBR is the process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems. The first and most crucial step of solving new problem in CBR is the process of retrieval relevant cases from the case base. There are several factors that affect case retrieval such as similarity measure, indexing approach and all techniques within the approaches. Both computational (measures of similarity) and representational approaches were used for case retrieval in SmartLP which is done via lesson plan searching. There are five types of search in SmartLP; Advanced Search, Hierarchical Search, Search by Browsing, Boolean and Basic search. In Advanced Search, a hybrid approach; combination of distance based (computational) and representational was applied for case retrieval. In addition, each indexed element is assigned with certain number to indicate their relative importance as a terms weighting mechanism. Terms expansion within semantic approach was implemented in Hierarchical Search, based on lesson plan ontology. In Search by Browsing, the search terms are organised in general to specific manner which also derived from lesson plan ontology. Boolean search applied Boolean concept while Basic Search is a general search with exact search keywords. This paper presents the retrieval methods in SmartLP via five types of search.
New Radiation Pattern-Reconfigurable 60-GHz Antenna for 5G Communications

Reconfigurable beam steering using circular disc microstrip patch antenna with a ring slot is proposed. The overall dimension of the antenna is 5.4 × 5.4 mm2 printed on 0.504 mm thick, RT5870 substrate with relative permittivity 2.3 and loss tangent 0.0012. The designed antenna operates at the expected 60 GHz 5G frequency band with a central coaxial probe feed. Two NMOS switches are utilized to generate three different beam patterns. Activating each switch individually results in a 70° shift in the main beam direction with constant frequency characteristics. The power gain is 3.9–4.8 dB in the three states of switch configurations. Simulated results in terms of return loss, peak gains and radiation pattern are presented and show good performance at the expected 60 GHz band for 5G applications.