Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CS 252, Lecture 9: Probabilistically Checkable Proofs and Hardness of Approximation

In this lecture, we introduce the notion of Probabilistically Checkable Proofs (PCPs), and explain their connection to proving bounds on the existence of approximation algorithms. Recall the complexity class NP: it is the set of languages whose membership can be efficiently certified. More formally, A language L ⊆ {0, 1}∗ is in the class NP if there exists a deterministic poly-time verifier V such that for every string x ∈ {0, 1}∗,
COSMOS + TAXIS | Volume 6 Issue 5 2019

In Inequality: An Entangled Political Economy Perspective, Mikayla Novak takes the analysis of inequality in a new direction by exploring the tension between fact and value that pervades most analyses of inequality. Novak offers new insights into the entangled character of political economic systems. It is customary to treat those systems as operating independently of one another, but Novak recognizes that this customary treatment leads thought astray. Inequality is a fact of social life, and a useful one at that, though Novak also recognizes the problematic qualities that can stem from inequality, while also recognizing that some of those qualities are intensified and not softened by political action. The overall thrust of Novak’s Inequality is to generate a deeper understanding of how it is that many of the traditional concerns about inequality are more effectively treated by an expansion of economic liberty than by a continued injection of political domination into society.
Artificial Intelligence and Humans

- Over 23 million software developers in 2018, this number is expected to reach 26.4 million by the end of 2019 and 27.7 million by 2023 according to Evans Data Corporation. The number of programmers continues to grow to this day as technology is the Forthcoming, especially in the AI field. Where there are 300,000 “AI researchers and practitioners” in the world, but the market demand is for millions of roles, so many people Siding to this field. Nowadays, most people learn the programming field as inquisitiveness but for their interest, however, they delve deeper into this field, which enhances their passion for and leaves their work to practice programming as occupation due to the availability of jobs and the most request for it. Over time, new languages have emerged, it has evolved to meet human needs in the form of programming languages. You can instruct the computer in the human-readable form where programming will enable you to learn the significance of clarity of expression, many determinations can be achieved, importantly, relationships, semantics, and grammar can be defined.
Foot Moisturizing Bars

The skin on the feet is unique and different to the skin in other parts of human body therefore special care is required to pamper the feet. A ‘Foot Moisturizing Bar’ is a solid moisturizer, resembling a soap bar but is actually an ointment with moisturizing benefits. It acts by providing an occlusive layer thus retaining skin moisture. When applied to the skin surface, body warmth will slightly melt the bar. Thus providing an occlusion over the skin with proper spreading providing a protective barrier against cold climate and eventually prevents the drying out of feet. Being anhydrous, slightly greasy and occlusive imparts water proof application. The occlusive nature of the product is influential in reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Foot moisturizing bars are unique, natural, safe and very effective for the treatment of dry, chapped feet and cracked heels. It contributes to the foot care range with added advantages than most marketed foot creams. These bars leave a smooth and feathery touch from the very first application.
Isolation and identification of some antimicrobial producing bacteria from caves in Summan plateau, Saudi Arabia

Caves in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are not studied well in terms of microbial content. This study aimed to isolate and identify new bacterial genera that were antagonistic to some microbial pathogens from Mossy cave in Summan region. This cave located at the north of Riyadh. From 8 soil samples, 56 bacterial isolates were obtained on nutrient agar plates. The abilities of the isolates to antagonize with some pathogenic bacteria, yeasts and fungi were studied. The isolates AC30 and AC32 were the most antagonistic isolates to Staphylococcus aureus using agar well diffusion method, thus they were selected to apply further experiments. The two isolates were inoculated on different media and the best antagonistic effects were obtained using nutrient agar and sucrose nitrate media for isolate AC30 and AC32, respectively. The effect of different factors such as pH value, temperature and incubation period on the antimicrobial efficiency against microbes were determined. The best inhibitory activities of isolate AC30 were recorded in medium at pH 7 and incubation temperature at 37°C for 48 hrs. For isolate AC32, medium at pH 6 and incubation at temperature 35° C, for 48 hrs were the best conditions for inhibitory substance production. Finally, the two isolates were identified using morphological, physiological and biochemical characters. Their identification was confirmed using 16SrRNA as Paenibacillus polymyxa AC30 and Paenibacillus peoria AC32. Kay words: Staphylococcus aureus, Mossy cave, Paenibacillus polymyxa, peoria, antimicrobial -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 17-12-2019 Date of Acceptance: 31-12-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Effect of Increased Photoperiod on Feed Intake, Egg Production and Egg Size in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Under Zambian Conditions

This study was carried out at Mulungushi University Farm to determine the effect of increased light on feed intake, egg size and egg production in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) under Zambian conditions. A completely randomized experimental design consisting of a total of 45 quail, divided into three treatments and three replicates per treatment with five birds in each replicate, was conducted. The treatments were as follows: 12L:12D (Control) exposure to natural light for a continuous period of 12 hours; 14L:10D exposure to natural light for a continuous period of 12 hours followed by two hours of artificial light, and 16L:8D exposure to natural light for a continuous period of 12 hours followed by four hours of artificial light using compact fluorescent lamps. Data were collected on a daily basis for a period of 28 days and analyzed using a One-way ANOVA. The results showed that feed intake was higher (P < 0.05) in 16L:8D than in 14L:10D quail which was in turn higher (P < 0.05) than in 12L:12D quail. Similarly, quail day egg production was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in 16L:8D than in 14L:10D quail which was in turn higher (P < 0.01) than in 12L:12D quail. On average, quail day egg production was, respectively, 69.1%, 51.3% and 28.8% for 16L:8D, 14L:10D and 12:12D quail. The mean egg size as measured by weight was also significantly higher (P < 0.05) in 16L:8D than in 14L:10D quail which was in turn higher (P < 0.05) than in 12L:12D quail. On average, eggs from 14L:10D quail weighed 15.9% more than those from 12L:12D quail while eggs from 16L:8D quail weighed 10.4% more than those from 14L:10D quail. It is concluded that addition of artificial light has economic beneficial effects on quail production under Zambian conditions. It is, however, recommended that more studies of longer period with different permutations of photoperiod be carried out in order to make more concrete conclusions.
Wearable RFID Based Real Time Activity Recognition System

: In the past couple of years, there is growing interest in passive UHF RFID technology. Activity recognition plays an important role in many applications. One of such applications is care of old people that are supported by activity recognition systems. In this paper a wearable radio frequency identification (RFID) system using passive tags which are smaller and more cost-effective to recognize human activities in real-time scenario are used. Backed up by a step-down transformer for power supply to the circuit, the tilt and fall detection sensors, walking and running activities can be traced out in this project. These RFID tags are arranged at the room premises and when a person enters a specific room, it alerts by special commands. We exploit RFID radio patterns using passive RFID tags to check the person’s position and his presence in a particular location
Electrogram Characteristics in Postinfarction Ventricular Tachycardia

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to correlate infarct age with characteristics of the endocardial electrograms (EGM) obtained in patients undergoing mapping procedures for postinfarction ventricular tachycardia (VT). BACKGROUND Experimental studies have demonstrated that infarct age influences EGM duration in the subepicardial left ventricle (LV). The relationship between infarct age and endocardial EGM characteristics has not been investigated in patients with postinfarction VT. METHODS In a consecutive series of 23 patients with a history of remote infarction (range 1 to 31 years) and VT, endocardial LV mapping was performed with an electroanatomical mapping system (CARTO, Biosense Webster Inc., Diamond Bar, California) during sinus rhythm. Electrogram morphology and width were analyzed and correlated with infarct age. Isthmus sites of the VT re-entry circuits were identified by entrainment mapping and related to the results of substrate mapping. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between infarct age and width of the bipolar endocardial EGM during baseline rhythm in the peri-infarct zone (r 0.84; p 0.0001). Increasing infarct age was associated with progressive activation delays in the scar and with isolated potentials separated by an isoelectric interval, the duration of which also correlated with infarct age (r 0.77; p 0.001). Among all endocardial sites, the VT isthmus sites displayed the most delay and broadest EGMs during sinus rhythm. CONCLUSIONS The presence of broad, fractionated EGMs and isolated potentials indicates a healed myocardial infarction; the older the infarction, the broader the EGM width. Remodeling over time alters the electrophysiologic properties of the peri-infarct tissue. (J Am Coll Cardiol ublished by Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/j.jacc. 2005.01. 064
Analysis of Data Aggregation Schemes for Smart Grid Communications

: A lot has been said about different techniques of aggregating data in a smart grid communications. What is yet to be extensively explored is the concept of smart grid application in Nigeria's power sector. The smart grid can exchange data about current electricity status, pricing data and control commands in real-time. Due to these specific characteristics, the process of electricity’s generation, transmission and distribution in the smart grid environment can be managed efficiently and reliably. However, smart grid technology may not be right for all power networks due to requirement for substantial resources. This work has studied the data aggregation scheme in smart grid communication, which is characterized by the review of previous studies that have proposed data aggregation structures for smart grid communications, and was evaluated using the benefit of proposed data aggregation scheme and its impact on smart grid structure as well as its potential limitations. The usage of neural networks was employed for the detection, classification and location of faults on transmission lines. The method employed made usage of the phase voltages and phase currents (scaled with respect to their pre-fault values) as inputs to the neural networks. To simulate the various faults model and to obtain the training data set, MATLAB R2015a was used along with the SimPowerSystems toolbox in Simulink. The performance of the model was analyzed using Mean Square Error (MSE). It was observed that the configuration for the chosen ANN was 6 – 10 – 5 – 3 – 1 and the number of iterations required for the training process were 37. It can be seen that the mean square error in fault
Phosphorus Dynamics in Ruminants-An Overview

By an large the objective of the present review is to provide an understanding on the complex and dynamic mechanism involved in maintenance of P homeostasis in ruminants and the complications emerge in animals due to dietary P imbalances. Phosphorus (P) is the second most required macro-mineral in an animal’s diet with diverse functions in the body as compared to any other mineral. In animal diet, P is present in an inorganic and organic form. A high fraction of P is present in the form of phytate in feedstuffs of plant origin. Ruminants have substantial microbial activity in the rumen catalyzed by enzymatic phytase to break down phytate and release P in a form that can be easily absorbed along the gastrointestinal tract. Endogenously excreted salivary P in the rumen is utilized by the rumen microbes and reabsorbed again along the gastrointestinal tract. Faecal endogenous P is the main pathway of P excretion in adult ruminants in contrast to small ruminants and non-ruminants where urine is the main route of Pi excretion. Saliva is the major source of P and is correlated with certain factors like type of diet and DM intake. Rumen microbial P is the another source of faecal endogenous P that escaped solubilisation during post ruminal digestion In adult ruminants, P balance is mainly determined through regulation of apparent P digestion, P secretion in milk and regulation of P exchange between bones and blood. A variety of endocrine factors are involved in the regulation of P metabolism, and all are interrelated with feedback loops. Phosphorus and Ca metabolism in ruminants is mainly regulated by parathyroid hormone, vitamin D3 and calcitonin. Phosphorus must be balanced in the animal diet with adequate calcium (Ca) and vitamin D3 for growth, lactation, gestation, reproduction, and lactation. Deficiency of P is the most widespread of all the mineral deficiencies affecting livestock Calcium and P imbalances associated disorders such as post parturient haemoglobinuria, pica, rickets, osteomalacia, fibrous osteodystrophy (due to primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism) and urolithiasis are well-recognized problems in ruminants. Supplemented inorganic P not used by the animal is primarily excreted in faeces, a potential source of environment pollution. Serious measures should be adopted to reduce P excretion in livestock.
ANALYSIS OF EVALUATION METRICS PERFORMANCE FOR CLASS IMBALANCE CLASSIFICATION PROBLEM

: The class imbalance problem has been recognized in many practical domains and a hot topic of machine learning in recent years. In such a problem, almost all the examples are labeled as one class, while far fewer examples are labeled as the other class, usually the more important class. In this case, standard machine learning algorithms tend to be overwhelmed by the majority class and ignore the minority class since traditional classifiers seeking an accurate performance over a full range of instances. This paper reviewed academic activities special for the class imbalance problem firstly. Then investigated various remedies in four different levels according to learning phases. Following surveying evaluation metrics and some other related factors, this paper showed some future. In this paper, we present a new hybrid frame work and two algorithms dubbed as Class Imbalance Learning using Intelligent Under Sampling— Tree and Neural Network versions (CILIUS-T, CILIUS-NN) for learning from skewed training data. These algorithms provide a simpler and faster alternative by using C4.5 and Neural Network as base algorithm. We conduct experiments using ten UCI datasets from various application domains using five algorithms for comparison on five evaluation metrics. Expert-mental results show that our method has higher Area under the ROC Curve, F-measure, precision, TP rate and TN rate values than many existing class imbalance learning methods
Effect of Dispersoid Size on the Sliding Wear Behavior of Al-2014-10% SiC Composites

In the present study Al-2014-SiC composite was prepared by liquid metallurgy (stir casting) technique with two different dispersoid size i.e. 20μm and 40μm size of SiC particles. These samples of Al-2014-SiC composite of different SiC particle size have different properties and mechanical behaviour. To evaluate its surface morphology SEM and optical microscopy also have been done. It was observed that composite with bigger size o particle have better sliding wear resistance than the smaller one.
Empoweringand Job Satisfaction Among Nurse Interns

Empowerment is management practice of sharing information, rewards, and power with employees, so that, they can take initiatives and make decisions to solve problems and improve service and performance. In the field of nursing, personal and professional empowerment is crucial to job satisfaction. The empowered nurses will feel inspired and motivated to contribute to their cause, and will have a greater feeling of respect and trust among colleagues, knowing that their contributions are recognized and valuedby the other members of the healthcare team.Job satisfaction is the degree to which an individual feels positively or negatively about the various facets of the job tasks, the work setting, and relationships with coworkers. It is seen as a motivator for good job performance, it is much more complex as individuals bring different values and needs to their work situation. Job satisfaction is a positive attitude toward one’s job. People experience this attitude when their work matches their needs and interests, when working conditions and rewards are satisfactory, and when the nurses like their co-workers. Many nursing departments are developing internship programs for new graduate nurses to expand the orientation process to include critical thinking skills development, clinical reasoning and clinical skills while in a supportive and protected environment. The cost of an internship could be paid back in lower turnover rates, improved nursing outcomes and increase nursing satisfaction.Aim of the study: Todeterminethe relationshipbetween empowermentand job satisfaction among nurse interns. Setting:This study was conducted during the internship year at Beni-Suef University Hospital. Subjects and methods: Research design:The current study,adescriptive correlational design wasadopted. Subjects:The sample was composed of all nurses in the internship year (65) nurse interns.Tools:1) Empowerment Assessment Scale, and 2)Job Satisfaction Questionnaire.The results of the present study revealed that the majority of nurse inters wassatisfied of salary (81.5%). There is a statistically significant relation between empowerment and job satisfaction (0.003**). The study recommendedto increaseempowerment-training programs for nurses' internship. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 16-03-2018 Date of acceptance: 31-03-2018 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOME DIALYSIS : WHERE ARE THE BARRIERS ? a national survey of French nephrologists

Home dialysis, which includes peritoneal dialysis and home hemodialysis, offers many benefits to patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, including comfort, quality of life and autonomy. However, its use is marginal in France, with an inhomogeneous distribution on the territory. We conducted a French national survey of nephrologists to assess barriers to the development of home dialysis. After analyzing the responses of the 230 participating nephrologists, the main barriers to the development of both techniques were identified and ranked according to their reporting rate. The main obstacles that emerged from the survey were: the lack of information of the general public, the lack of acknowledgement of the nurses specialized in these techniques, the limited number of structures practicing home dialysis and the difficulties about dialysis techniques information process. Specific difficulties reported with peritoneal dialysis include: difficulties for patients to access to rehabilitation care units, fear of inadequate dialysis dose and difficulties related to the dialysis catheter. Concerning home hemodialysis, the barriers concern the fear of selfcanulation and the need for another person at home. This study helps to identify the perceptions of nephrologists on the main barriers to the development of home dialysis in order to show the best ways to promote it, both in terms of training, institutional acknowledgement and necessary regulatory changes.
Time to Recovery from Severe Acute Malnutrition and Its Predictors among Admitted Children Aged 6-59 Months at the Therapeutic Feeding Center of Pawi General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Follow-Up Study

Background Ethiopia is one of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa with the highest rates of severe acute malnutrition. Early recovery is a performance indicator for severe acute malnourished children for the therapeutic feeding. Despite the available interventions to tackle nutritional problems, there is scarce information on time to recovery and its determinants among children with SAM in Ethiopia. Objective The study is aimed at assessing time to recovery from severe acute malnutrition and its predictors among admitted children aged 6-59 months at the therapeutic feeding center of Pawi General Hospital, northwest Ethiopia, from January 2013 to December 2017. Methods An institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 398 children aged 6-59 months. The data were collected by using data extraction sheet. The data were cleaned and entered using EpiData version 4.2. 0.0 and exported to Stata version 14 statistical software for further analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to estimate median nutritional recovery time after initiation of inpatient treatment, and log-rank test was used to compare time to recovery between groups. The Cox proportional regression model was used to identify the predictors of recovery time. Adjusted hazard rate with its 95% CI was reported to show strength of relationship. Results The recovery rate was 5.3 per 100 person-day observations, and the median recovery time was 14 days (95% CI: 13–15). The lower chance of early recovery was found among children who were not fully vaccinated (AHR: 0.73 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.96)), while high chance of recovery was found among children who had no anemia (AHR: 1.66 (95% CI: 1.23, 2.23)), TB (AHR: 2.03 (95% CI: 1.11, 3.71)), and malaria infection (AHR: 1.54 (95% CI: 1.09, 2.17)) at admission. Conclusion and Recommendation. The overall nutritional recovery rate was below the accepted minimum standard. Children not fully vaccinated and children without malaria, anemia, and TB comorbidities at admission had a higher chance of recovering early from severe acute malnutrition. Hence, treating comorbidities is vital for prompt nutritional recovery.