Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of a standard regimen (CHOP) with three intensive chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

BACKGROUND CHOP is a first-generation, combination-chemotherapy regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone that has cured approximately 30 percent of patients with advanced stages of intermediate-grade or high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in national cooperative-group trials. However, studies at single institutions have suggested that 55 to 65 percent of such patients might be cured by third-generation regimens such as ones consisting of low-dose methotrexate with leucovorin rescue, bleomycin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and dexamethasone (m-BACOD); prednisone, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide, followed by cytarabine, bleomycin, vincristine, and methotrexate with leucovorin rescue (ProMACE-CytaBOM); and methotrexate with leucovorin rescue, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin (MACOP-B). METHODS To make a valid comparison of these regimens, the Southwest Oncology Group and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group initiated a prospective, randomized phase III trial. The study end points were the response rate, time to treatment failure, overall survival, and incidence of severe or life-threatening toxicity. Dose intensity was calculated and analyzed. RESULTS Of the 1138 patients registered for the trial, 899 were eligible. Each treatment group contained at least 218 patients. Known prognostic factors were equally distributed among the groups. There were no significant differences among the groups in the rates of partial and complete response. At three years, 44 percent of all patients were alive without disease; there were no significant differences between the groups (41 percent in the CHOP and MACOP-B groups and 46 percent in the m-BACOD and ProMACE-CytaBOM groups; P = 0.35). Overall survival at three years was 52 percent (50 percent in the ProMACE-CytaBOM and MACOP-B groups, 52 percent in the m-BACOD group, and 54 percent in the CHOP group; P = 0.90). There was no subgroup of patients in which survival was improved by a third-generation regimen. Fatal toxic reactions occurred in 1 percent of the CHOP group, 3 percent of the ProMACE-CytaBOM group, 5 percent of the m-BACOD group, and 6 percent of the MACOP-B group (P = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS CHOP remains the best available treatment for patients with advanced-stage intermediate-grade or high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Calorie Restriction Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis by Inducing the Expression of eNOS

Calorie restriction extends life span in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. Here, we report that calorie restriction for either 3 or 12 months induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate formation in various tissues of male mice. This was accompanied by mitochondrial biogenesis, with increased oxygen consumption and adenosine triphosphate production, and an enhanced expression of sirtuin 1. These effects were strongly attenuated in eNOS null-mutant mice. Thus, nitric oxide plays a fundamental role in the processes induced by calorie restriction and may be involved in the extension of life span in mammals.
Voter, What Message Will Motivate You to Verify Your Vote?

There is increasing interest in verifiable Internet voting systems that enable voters to verify the integrity of their vote on the voting platform prior to casting it, and any interested party to verify the integrity of the election results. The ease with which a vote can be verified plays a key role. Empowering individual voters to act as interested yet objective verifiers increases the probability of fraud detection. Verifying constitutes additional effort, something humans resist unless the benefits are compelling enough. Thus, what is the best way to provide such motivation? We report on a survey, distributed to 123 respondents, in which we explore the effects of three types of motivating messages on voters’ intention to verify a vote, using a smartphone app. The motivating messages were intended to increase the intention to verify a vote. Our findings have persuaded us that further research on the use of motivating messages in the context of verifiable voting is warranted.
Functional inhibition of native volume‐sensitive outwardly rectifying anion channels in muscle cells and Xenopus oocytes by anti‐ClC‐3 antibody

1 Intracellular dialysis of NIH/3T3 cells with a commercially available anti‐ClC‐3 polyclonal antibody (Ab) for ≈30 min completely inhibited expressed guinea‐pig ClC‐3 currents (IgpClC‐3), while intracellular dialysis with antigen‐preabsorbed anti‐ClC‐3 Ab failed to affect IgpClC‐3. 2 Anti‐ClC‐3 Ab was used as a selective probe to examine the relationship between endogenous ClC‐3 expression and native volume‐sensitive outwardly rectifying anion channels (VSOACs) in guinea‐pig cardiac cells, canine pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and Xenopus laevis oocytes. Intracellular dialysis or injection of anti‐ClC‐3 Ab abolished native VSOAC function in cardiac cells and PASMCs and significantly reduced VSOACs in oocytes. In contrast, native VSOAC function was unaltered by antigen‐preabsorbed anti‐ClC‐3 Ab. 3 It is suggested that endogenous ClC‐3 represents a major molecular entity responsible for native VSOACs in cardiac and smooth muscle cells and Xenopus oocytes. Anti‐ClC‐3 Ab should be a useful experimental tool to directly test the relationship between endogenous ClC‐3 expression and native VSOAC function, and help resolve existing controversies related to the regulation and physiological role of native VSOACs in a wide variety of different cells.
Video Watermarking Robust Against Spatio-Temporal Attacks

Space-time interest points (STIP) represent the significant variations in video, which do not alter greatly under spatial and temporal attacks and can enhance the robustness of video watermarking. In this paper, a novel video watermarking scheme exploiting STIP in DCT-SVD (Discrete Cosine Transform – Singular Value Decomposition) domain is proposed. Unlike the usual algorithm, STIP are selected by global and local steps. All global STIP are ordered in ascending order according to their response values, and STIP corresponding to the first several global response values are selected to maintain the stability. Afterwards, the STIP with largest local response value in one frame is selected as the center to generate square embedding region. The region is transformed into DCT-SVD domain, and the mid-frequency coefficients are segmented to embed the watermark by modifying the norm of the largest singular value using quantization. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme guarantees high peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), and is very robust against frame swapping, frame insert, frame dropping, noising, filtering etc.
Trying to adopt systems development methodologies — a case‐based exploration of business users' interests

Information systems methodologies are an important component of the IS infrastructure and a primary device for organizing systems development work. Evidence suggests that methodology adoption and use are problematic. This research seeks to generate insight into business users' interest in adoption through detailed examination of a case. A framework is developed for organizing relevant research findings. The field research methods are described and details of the case reported. The case highlights the role of business managers in methodology adoption and the influence of business pressures originating in the strategic environment. Analysis shows the organizing framework to require extension to include a more direct role for business decision makers. it is argued that previous research has obscured the legitimate concern of business with systems development methodologies. As business increasingly asserts its interest in and control over IS, it will be necessary to give greater consideration to the needs of business in the selection and adoption of methodologies.
Gender Role Stereotyping in Radio Advertisements: A Portuguese and Cross-national Analysis

Most previous research into gender role stereotypes in the mass media has concentrated on television or print. Using content analysis, gender role stereotyping in radio commercials was examined. The goals of the study were to: (1) provide current data on level and content of gender stereotyping in Portuguese radio advertising; (2) compare levels of stereotyping in three countries. One hundred and sixty six advertisements were content analyzed into nine categories referring to the central figure, credibility, role, location, argument, reward, product, accent, and narrator. As previously found, male and female characters were portrayed in different ways particularly on credibility (males as authorities, females as users), role (males as celebrities/narrator, females as dependent), location (males in occupational setting more than females), and narrators (females as characters more than males). The patterns of bias in Portuguese radio commercials are consistent with, though less marked than, those in television commercials. Concerning the cross- national analysis, results showed more similarities than differences.
The Dose Related Effect of Steroids on Blast Reduction Rate and Event Free Survival in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

We examined the effect of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) on blast reduction rate and compared it to conventional dose steroid treatment, administered during the first 7+ days of the induction remission period in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In our previous randomized study, the event free survival (EFS) was found to be higher in patients treated with HDMP (Group B) than in patients treated with a conventional dose of steroids (Group A). We used the chemotherapy protocol for ALL patients according to the St Jude Total XI study group. Medical records of all 194 patients who achieved complete remission were reviewed to determine the absolute blast count (ABC) in peripheral blood smears from day 0 of treatment until day 8. A target response of 1000 blast/mm 3 was employed. The time in which ABC remained ≥ 1000/mm 3 and the EFS rates were assessed in group A (n =44) and B (n =51) of high risk patients. Group A and B patients were branched to chemotherapy schedules (A1, B1: steroid+vincristine+daunorubicine+intrathecal+ 3 doses l -asparaginase; A2, B2: steroid+vincristine+daunorubicine+intrathecal; A3, B3: only steroid monotherapy). Number of patients from whom the ABC remained ≥ 1000/mm 3 during all 7 days of induction treatment and the median number of days for blasts to reach the target level were significantly lower in group B1 than A1 (p <0.05), concordantly the 8-year EFS was higher in group B1 (p =0.01). In comparison of the subgroups, results of A2 and A3 were worse than of group B2 and B3. These findings strongly suggest that the effects of HDMP on blast cytoreduction and EFS are more potent than conventional dose steroids.
Medication adherence in type 2 diabetes patients in Nigeria.

BACKGROUND Medication adherence is a major universal factor influencing patient health outcomes, particularly in chronic diseases such as diabetes. Poor adherence to antidiabetes medication can cause therapeutic failure, leading to manifestation of diabetes-related complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, etc., reduced quality of life, and increased healthcare costs. To forestall these, likely predictors of medication nonadherence should be assessed and addressed appropriately. The purpose of this work was therefore to assess medication adherence among type 2 diabetes patients and to identify patient characteristics and probable factors associated with nonadherence. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was used. The study was conducted on 360 ambulatory type 2 diabetes patients attending an endocrinology clinic between June 2012 and February 2013. The eight-item Modified Morisky Adherence Scale was used to assess medication adherence; sociodemographic information and respondents' opinion on the possible barrier(s) to medication adherence were also obtained. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 14.0 software (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL). RESULTS Of the 303 patients included in the final analysis, 19.8% of respondents were judged to be highly adherent. Medium and low adherers were 30.0% and 50.2%, respectively. The median adherence score was 5.75 (interquartile range, 4.5-7.0). Adherence to medication correlated with low literacy level (P=0.008), forgetfulness (P=0.009), high cost of medication (P=0.014), limited access to care (P=0.001), complexity of regimen (P=0.001), poor patient-provider communication (P=0.000), lack of trust in the provider (P=0.046), and depression (P=0.031). No statistically significant relationship was found between patients' characteristics and medication adherence. CONCLUSIONS Medication adherence was generally poor among the cohorts studied.
Lowland Forest Loss in Protected Areas of Indonesian Borneo

The ecology of Bornean rainforests is driven by El Niño–induced droughts that trigger synchronous fruiting among trees and bursts of faunal reproduction that sustain vertebrate populations. However, many of these species- and carbon-rich ecosystems have been destroyed by logging and conversion, which increasingly threaten protected areas. Our satellite, Geographic Information System, and field-based analyses show that from 1985 to 2001, Kalimantan's protected lowland forests declined by more than 56% (>29,000 square kilometers). Even uninhabited frontier parks are logged to supply international markets. “Protected” forests have become increasingly isolated and deforested and their buffer zones degraded. Preserving the ecological integrity of Kalimantan's rainforests requires immediate transnational management.
Retraction: Changing from computing grid to knowledge grid in life-science grid.

The following article from Biotechnology Journal, “Changing from computing grid to knowledge grid in life-science grid” by Veera Talukdar, Amit Konar, Ayan Datta, and Anamika Roy Choudhury, published online on July 3, 2009 in Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editors in Chief, Alois Jungbauer, Sang Yup Lee, Barbara Janssens and the publisher WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. The retraction has been agreed due to overlap between this article and the following article published in BMC Bioinformatics;“Trends in life science grid: from computing grid to knowledge grid” by Akihiko Konagaya published online on December 18, 2006. BMC Bioinformatics 2006, 7(Suppl 5):S10 doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-S5-S10.
An efficient Path Query Processing support for Parent-Child Relationship in Native XML Databases

Due to its flexibility and efficiency in transmission of data, XML has become the emerging standard for data transfer and exchange across the Internet. In native XML database, XML documents are usually modeled as trees, and XML queries are typically specified in path expression. The primitive structural relationships are parent-child and ancestor-descendant in the path expression. Thus, finding all occurrences of these relationships is crucial. We adopt the decomposition-matching-merging approach and propose INLAB, a novel hybrid query processing merging both indexing and labeling technologies. Experimental results show that INLAB can process XML path queries by up to an order of magnitude faster than conventional top-down approach.
Temporal Bone Pathology in Digeorge's Syndrome

DiGeorge's syndrome is characterized by partial or complete absence of the parathyroid and thymus glands and is often associated with other developmental anomalies, particularly of the structures arising from the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches. The temporal bone findings in three cases of DiGeorge's syndrome are presented. Patients with this condition have a high incidence of Mondini dysplasia in both ears, sometimes with other anomalies of the external or middle ears. Hearing may range from normal to profound deafness and may manifest sensorineural, conductive, or mixed losses of varying degrees.
Magnetic Cluster Size “Knee” Analysis for Small Grain Continuous Media

By analyzing the magnetic cluster size of various media, we have investigated the variation of inter-granular exchange coupling with grain size. With the reduction of the grain size below 8.0 nm, higher inter-granular exchange coupled media showed a large increase in magnetic cluster size, while lower exchange media did not show as dramatic a cluster size change. This cluster size “knee” position was consistent with reduction in signal-to-noise ratio. To utilize small grain media for high density recording, it is desirable to push this “knee” position toward smaller grain size.
Very High CO 2 Reduces Photosynthesis , Dark Respiration and Yield in Wheat JOSEPH REUVENI

Although terrestrial CO # concentrations, [CO # ], are not expected to reach 1000 μmol mol−" for many decades, CO # levels in closed systems such as growth chambers and glasshouses, can easily exceed this concentration. CO # levels in life support systems in space can exceed 10000 μmol mol−" (1%). Here we studied the effect of six CO # concentrations, from ambient up to 10000 μmol mol−", on seed yield, growth and gas exchange of two wheat cultivars (USU-Apogee and Veery-10). Elevating [CO # ] from 350 to 1000 μmol mol−" increased seed yield (by 33%), vegetative biomass (by 25%) and number of heads m−# (by 34%) of wheat plants. Elevation of [CO # ] from 1000 to 10000 μmol mol−" decreased seed yield (by 37%), harvest index (by 14%), mass per seed (by 9%) and number of seeds per head (by 29%). This very high [CO # ] had a negligible, non-significant effect on vegetative biomass, number of heads m−# and seed mass per head. A sharp decrease in seed yield, harvest index and seeds per head occurred by elevating [CO # ] from 1000 to 2600 μmol mol−". Further elevation of [CO # ] from 2600 to 10000 μmol mol−" caused a further but smaller decrease. The effect of CO # on both wheat cultivars was similar for all growth parameters. Similarly there were no differences in the response to high [CO # ] between wheat grown hydroponically in growth chambers under fluorescent lights and those grown in soilless media in a glasshouse under sunlight and high pressure sodium lamps. There was no correlation between high [CO # ] and ethylene production by flag leaves or by wheat heads. Therefore, the reduction in seed set in wheat plants is not mediated by ethylene. The photosynthetic rate of whole wheat plants was 8% lower and dark respiration of the wheat heads 25% lower when exposed to 2600 μmol mol−" CO # compared to ambient [CO # ]. It is concluded that the reduction in the seed set can be mainly explained by the reduction in the dark respiration in wheat heads, when most of the respiration is functional and is needed for seed development. # 1997 Annals of Botany Company
Hydrogen-Bonded Polymer Complex Thin Film of Poly(2-oxazoline) and Poly(acrylic acid)

The hydrogen-bonded polymer complex thin film of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEOX) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) was fabricated with layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. The film shows exponential growth at early stage and transfers to linear growth after 10 assembling cycles, and the stable thickness increment per assembling cycle in the linear region could be higher than 100 nm. The film growth should be related with polymer chain diffusion during LbL assembly. The effects of assembling time, rinsing time, temperature, pH value, concentration and molecular weight on the thin film growth were investigated. Increasing the assembly time, the temperature and the concentration is favorable to produce the thick film. Prolonging rinsing time is good for preparing smooth film. The film can be constructed below pH 4.5 while the prepared film will not completely dissolve until pH value elevates to 7.0. Molecular weight has a subtle effect on the PEOX/PAA film growth. The PEOX-PAA pair that has a big molecular weight contrast shows fast film growth in the linear region.
Towards Semantometrics: A New Semantic Similarity Based Measure for Assessing a Research Publication's Contribution

We propose Semantometrics, a new class of metrics for evaluating research. As opposed to existing Bibliometrics,Webometrics, Altmetrics, etc., Semantometrics are not based on measuring the number of interactions in the scholarly communication network, but build on the premise that full-text is needed to assess the value of a publication. This paper presents the first Semantometric measure, which estimates the research contribution. We measure semantic similarity of publications connected in a citation network and use a simple formula to assess their contribution. We carry out a pilot study in which we test our approach on a small dataset and discuss the challenges in carrying out the analysis on existing citation datasets. The results suggest that semantic similarity measures can be utilised to provide meaningful information about the contribution of research papers that is not captured by traditional impact measures based purely on citations.
High Salt Intake Accelerated Cardiac Remodeling in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Time Window of Left Ventricular Functional Transition and Its Relation to Salt-Loading Doses

Salt-loading is an accelerator of hypertensive left ventricular (LV) remodeling. The relationship between salt-loading doses and the time window in which a transition from compensated to decompensated LV hypertrophy occurs in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) is unclear. Eight-week-old male SHR and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were randomized to receive normal (0.5% NaCl) and high salt diets (4% or 8% NaCl) for 12 weeks. Left ventricular remodeling was dynamically determined by echocardiography. LV invasive hemodynamics and morphologic staining [collagen deposition, cardiomyocte hypertrophy, DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG) and apoptosis] were performed at time of sacrifice. Cardiac malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level was measured by ELISA. No differences between 4% and 8% salt diets, in terms of blood pressure (BP) levels, heart mass index, and myocardial fibrosis were observed either in SHR or in WKY. In high salt-loaded SHR, the LV ejection fraction and wall thickness peaked at 8 weeks after salt-loading, parallel with a progressive enlargement of the LV chamber size. Furthermore, when compared to 4% salt SHR, LV functions were significantly compromised in 8% salt SHR, accompanied by more prominent cardiomyoctye hypertrophy, oxidative stress (and related DNA damage), and apoptosis. Salt-loading for 12 weeks with 8% NaCl diet is more efficient to induce LV dysfunction than 4% NaCl diet does in SHR, possibly by initiating increased oxidative stress and resultant cardiac damage. Moreover, 8 to 12 weeks after 8% salt-loading is the key time window in which a transition from compensated to decompensated LV hypertrophy occurs.