Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FedAccounts: Digital Dollars

We are on the cusp of a new monetary era. Central bankers around the world are increasingly worried that privately controlled digital currencies will relegate them to the sidelines of monetary affairs. To avoid this fate, central banks have been studying, and in some cases actively pursuing, issuing digital currencies of their own: so-called central bank digital currency (CBDC). Although this is one of the hottest topics in macroeconomics and central banking today, the discussion has all but overlooked the most straightforward and, we argue, most appealing strategy for implementing a U.S. dollar-based CBDC: expanding access to the bank accounts the Federal Reserve already offers to a small, favored set of clients. These accounts consist of entries in a digital ledger—just like other digital currencies—and are extremely desirable, offering high interest, instant payments, and full government backing no matter how large the account balance. But U.S. law restricts these accounts to an exclusive clientele consisting primarily of banks. Privileged access to these accounts creates a striking asymmetry at the core of our monetary framework: government-issued physical currency is an open-access resource, available to all, but government-issued digital currency (in the form of central bank accounts) is not. In the current digital era, there is no respectable justification for this dichotomy. Congress should authorize the Federal Reserve to give the general public—individuals, businesses, and institutions—the option to hold accounts at the central bank, which we call FedAccounts. Unlike the CBDC approaches currently under discussion, which would use complicated and inefficient distributed ledger technology and would be walled off from the existing system of money and payments, the FedAccount CBDC would be seamlessly interoperable with the mainstream payment system and would rely on technologies that the Federal Reserve has used successfully for decades. The FedAccount CBDC would offer an astonishing range of benefits that other CBDC proposals—not to mention privately controlled digital currencies—cannot match, including a much more inclusive financial system, better consumer protection, faster and more efficient payments, greater financial and macroeconomic stability, improved monetary policy transmission, reduced payment tolls (interchange fees), streamlined regulation and regulatory structures, and increased fiscal revenue arising from the recapture of economic rents from the financial sector.
بررسی اثر HESA-A بر تکثیر و آپوپتوز رده سلولی لوسمی میلوژن مزمن(K562)

Background and Aim: Chronic myelogenous leukemia is characterized by Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, the presence of BCR-ABL fusion gene and constitutive activation of the ABL1 tyrosine kinase. Despite an excellent result of target therapy by imatinib, some patients develop resistance to imatinib. In this study Efficacy of HESA-A on proliferation and apoptosis of K562 cell line was assessed. Materials and Methods: In this study doubling time of K562 cell line was calculated. The cells were affected by various concentrations of HESA-A(1,2,4 and 8 mg/ml respectively). Cytotoxicity and IC50 dose of HESA-A were detected by MTT and trypan blue exclusion assay. Apoptosis was assessed by flowcytometry after 48 h cell treatment in the presence of IC50 dose. Results: Doubling time of K562 cells was 24 hours. HESA-A reduced the number of viable K562 cells in a concentration dependent manner.IC50 dose was 3.5 mg/ml. In flowcytometry analysis of apoptosis, 19.22% of the treated cells were located in the position of the necrotic cells. Conclusion: The results of MTT and trypan blue exclusion assay suggest that HESA-A inhibits the growth of k562 cells in a concentration dependent manner and induces necrosis in K562 cells.
Length-weight relationship of Deep-water Rose shrimp, Parapenaeus longirostris (Lucas, 1846) in the Western Moroccan Mediterranean

Length–weight relationship (LWR) has an important implications for fishery management (Erzini, 1994; Guo et al., 2014). LWR is needed for studies on maturity and yield estimates by analytical models, estimating growth rates, age structure and other aspects of shrimp population dynamics (Anastasiadou, 2008;Nahavandi et al., 2010). Variability in the LWR is a feature that can reflect fluctuations in the uptake and allocation of energy. These morphometric variations can be affected by many factors such as food, stress (overcrowding and disease), or reproductive cycle (Pauly, 1990; Chu ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Received: June 11, 2019 Accepted: March 28, 2020 Online: April 2020 _______________
Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine.

Cell Injury Inflammation Repair, Regeneration and Fibrosis Immunopathology Neoplasia Developmental and Genetic Diseases Hemodynamic Disorders Environmental and Nutritional Pathology Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Blood Vessels The Heart The Respiratory System The Gastrointestinal Tract The Liver and Biliary System The Pancreas The Kidney The Lower Urinary Tract and Male Reproductive System The Female Reproductive System The Breast Hematopathology The Endocrine System Diabetes Mellitus The Amyloidoses The Skin The Head and Neck Bones and Joints Skeletal Muscle The Nervous System The Eye Cytopatholog
Devita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer Principles & Practice of Oncology Review

Ace the oncology boards with the field's most comprehensive self-paced review! Based on "DeVita, Lawrence, and Rosenberg's "Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, Ninth Edition", this in-depth question-and-answer review and workbook covers the entire specialty of oncology and provides thorough preparation for oncology boards. Inside, readers will discover hundreds of multiple-choice and case-based questions covering the principles of surgical oncology, radiation oncology, medical oncology, and hematology/oncology and the biology, diagnosis, staging, and multimodality treatment of cancers at every anatomic site. Included are state-of-the-art chapters on molecular techniques, targeted therapies, and current approaches to cancer prevention. Detailed answers and explanations follow the questions to help readers grasp the 'how and 'why' behind each correct response. This is the ideal way to maximize exam scores for today's student and residents. Learning and review features include: hundreds of multiple-choice and case-based questions to build comprehension and improve retention; all topics cross-referenced to the latest edition of DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's "Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, Ninth Edition"; material on all aspects of oncology, including medical, radiation and surgical oncology, as well as hematology/oncology issues; and free interactive online question bank, featuring multiple-choice and case-based questions, lets readers learn at their own pace and convenience from any computer-perfect for individual self-assessment.
Surgical management of gangrenous mastitis in a 3-year-old red Sokoto doe: A case report

Gangrenous mastitis was managed in a 3-year-old lactating doe by partial mastectomy following unsuccessful medical management. The patient had progressive swelling, hardened and dark discolouration of its left half udder. There was left supra-mammary lymphadenopathy and an open wound at the proximal portion of the affected gland. The right half of the udder appeared normal and was warm to touch. Culture and sensitivity test of a swab sample from the open wound at the base of the affected mammary gland revealed Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species which were sensitive to amoxicillin, cloxicillin, gentamicin and chlortetracycline, but resistant to penicillin and streptomycin. Mastectomy was indicated because of the chronic nature of the disease and the presence of gangrene. The procedure was carried out using a standard sterile technique, and a fenestrated drainage tube was placed. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged 14 days post-surgery. The management protocol used in this case demonstrated that unilateral mastectomy with good post-surgical management could be used for effective management of gangrenous mastitis without complications while still preserving the unaffected gland for future lactation.
Silicon photonic transceivers for application in data centers

Global data traffic is growing rapidly, and the demand for optoelectronic transceivers applied in data centers (DCs) is also increasing correspondingly. In this review, we first briefly introduce the development of optoelectronics transceivers in DCs, as well as the advantages of silicon photonic chips fabricated by complementary metal oxide semiconductor process. We also summarize the research on the main components in silicon photonic transceivers. In particular, quantum dot lasers have shown great potential as light sources for silicon photonic integration—whether to adopt bonding method or monolithic integration—thanks to their unique advantages over the conventional quantum-well counterparts. Some of the solutions for high-speed optical interconnection in DCs are then discussed. Among them, wavelength division multiplexing and four-level pulse-amplitude modulation have been widely studied and applied. At present, the application of coherent optical communication technology has moved from the backbone network, to the metro network, and then to DCs.
Microalgae – non-traditional sources of nutritients and pigments for functional foods

The aim of this review is to draw the attention of researchers and technological engineers from the Moldovan food industry towards the potential of microalgae as a nontraditional source of nutrients and biological active substances, such as proteins, essential amino acids, carotenoids, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids ω 3 , phytosterols, polysaccharides, phenolic acids, microelements, etc., which can be used to increase the nutritional and functional value of conventional foods. The study synthesizes information regarding the profile of biologically active substances obtained from various microalgae species, analyses the nutritional value of microalgae biomass and their field of application. This review focuses on pigments contained in microalgae (carotenoids, chlorophylls and phycobiliproteins), deals with their biological activity and health benefits. It draws attention to the results of the recent research, which proves that microalgae pigments exhibit pronounced antioxidant properties, protect cells from the radiation, capture free radicals and reduce the oxidative stress in the body, prevent cancer, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases, modulate the immune system, prevent the macular degeneration, etc. Review describes in more detail the carotenoids class and elucidates the qualitative and quantitative content of carotenoids in some microalgae. It discusses the areas of use of the pigments accumulated in microalgae and their further application as natural food additives and dyes.
Underwater Fish Detection

The conventional worries of marine research with applications have been in assessing the plenitude of species through reality, and furthermore in understanding examples of fish behavior, such as the fisheries management and aquaculture. Changes in fish networks, particularly for business species, are also of significant worry for investigation of oceanography. In this administration exertion, cameras are progressively being considered as one of the most encouraging methodologies for biodiversity. We are utilizing convolutional neural systems to order the fishes. Programmed fish type recognizable proof procedure could offer extraordinary assistance for the use of research, aquaculture, and accessibility of various species on-time to improve the production procedures of nourishment and medication businesses. It could diminish the work cost. Following the preprocessing step, the Faster Regional Convolutional Neural Network design is utilized to remove the highlights of pictures. Keywords— Mask RCNN, computer vision, neural network, Image processing, ResNet
Electromyography in Clinical Practice: A Case Study Approach

Introduction Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9 Case 10 Case 11 Case 12 Case 13 Case 14 Case 15 Case 16 Case 17 Case 18 Case 19 Case 20 Case 21 Case 22 Case 23 Case 24 Case 25 Index
Distributed caching algorithms for content distribution networks

The rapid growth of wireless content access implies the need for content placement and scheduling at wireless base stations. We study a system under which users are divided into clusters based on their channel conditions, and their requests are represented by different queues at logical front ends. Requests might be elastic (implying no hard delay constraint) or inelastic (requiring that a delay target be met). Correspondingly, we have request queues that indicate the number of elastic requests, and de ficit queues that indicate the de ficit in inelastic service. Caches are of finite size and can be refreshed periodically from a media vault. We consider two cost models that correspond to inelastic requests for streaming stored content and real -time streaming of events, respectively. We design provably optimal policies that stabilize the request queues(hence ensuring finite delays)and reduce average deficit to zero [hence ensuring that the quality -of-service (QoS) target is met]at small cost. We illustrate our approach through simulations.
Technology for Improving Medication Monitoring in Nursing Homes

Abstract : A 1997 report entitled Prescription Drug Use in Nursing Homes, by the Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Inspector General, states that patients may be experiencing unnecessary adverse medication reactions as a result of inadequate monitoring of medications. Of the preventable adverse drug events in nursing homes, 70 percent occurred at the monitoring stage of the medication use process. While clinical informatics systems have focused on the reduction of medication errors at the point of prescribing, dispensing, or administration, few have proposed the use of information technology in the monitoring stage of the medication use process. The authors describe a unique clinical tool for pharmacists and other health professionals the Geriatric Risk Assessment MedGuideTM (GRAMTM) to reduce serious, preventable adverse drug events occurring during the monitoring stage of the medication use process. The authors focus on the prevention of delirium and falls, as these are two of the most common preventable adverse drug events in nursing homes. With the goal of preventing avoidable medication-related problems, GRAM identifies medications that may cause, aggravate, or contribute to common geriatric problems and facilitates the incorporation of medication-monitoring information in the care plan. Furthermore, the authors describe the real-time integration of the GRAM software with commercial pharmacy software, the development of reports for use in the nursing homes, the development and delivery of GRAM training for nursing facility staff, and early reports of acceptance of the software.
A REVIEW PAPER ON HOME AUTOMATION

- Automation of a device has a wide scope for this Generation as well as in the upcoming generation due to the enhancement and rapid growth in technology. Mobile communication technology is playing a major role in the field of automation. The rate at which mobile technology is growing, communication is becoming faster and more powerful. This review paper is based on low cost and reliable home control monitoring system for accessing and controlling devices and appliance using Android based Smart phone application. This system improves the living standard at home, reduces human effort, is energy efficient and time saving and thus makes a smart home . And also it was very helpful for providing support to disabled people and fulfill their needs in home and thus they leads a normal life. This system uses android mobile, Arduino Uno board, Wi-Fi module and a relay circuit. We are using Wi-Fi technology to monitor the device because of its accuracy, high range, easy availability and instant connectivity.
A Study on Adoption Rate of Hybrid Rice in Jammu District, India

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a self-pollinated plant belonging to family Graminae (Poaceae). Rice is a staple food of more than 60% of the world’s population. Rice crop has great importance, as it constitutes about 44% of total food grain production and about 49% of total cereal production (Bisht and Pandey, 2005). At least 90% of the world’s rice farmers and consumers are in Asia, where rice provides up to 75% of dietary energy and protein for 2.5 billion people (Juliano, 1985).
A Comparison between English and Arabic Sound Systems Regarding Places of Articulation

The English sound system differs from Arabic regarding places of articulation. Some of the English consonants do not exist in Arabic and vice versa. However, both languages share common palatal /j/. Arabic speakers find it difficult to pronounce /v/ sound and use /f/ instead. They also substitute /t/ and /d/ for /? / and /e/. Arab speakers cannot pronounce the flap /s/ but stress the written /tt/. In English, /t/ is an aspirated alveolar but considered non-aspirated denti-alveolar in Arabic. As for /r/, it is always pronounced in Arabic but sometimes deleted in British English. Moreover, /? / exists in Arabic as a consonant but alternative pronunciation in English.
A Software Framework for Real-Time and Distributed Robot and Machine Control (Een software raamwerk voor ware tijd en gedistribueerde robot en machine controle)

The design of software frameworks in real-time robot and machine control has focused in the past on robotics, where motion control is dominant, or on automated machine control, where logic control is dominant. Designs with the former in mind lead to communication frameworks where sending data between components, controlling the data flow, is central. Designs with the latter in mind lead to frameworks which aid in realising decision making for controlling the logic execution flow. Both forms of control are required to have robot or machine control applications running. This work looks at the control application as a whole and identifies both separation and coupling between data flow and logic execution flow. A single software component model supports control tasks which are highly reactive, such as in weaving machines or in automated machine tools, and serves equally well in applications which are highly data driven such as in vision or force in the loop motion control applications. Ideally, a software framework for control must offer inter-task communication primitives which are inherently thread-safe and hard real-time. They may not add indeterminism, possible deadlocks or race conditions to the control application. Furthermore, observation of and interaction with the control task’s activity must not disturb its time determinism. Classic real-time operating systems, in which present day control applications are built, do not offer all these guarantees. This work contributes design patterns for synchronous and asynchronous inter-task communication which uphold these requirements using lock-free data exchange. The patterns guarantee ‘localised’ real-time properties in a mixed real-time, not real-time environment, allowing remote (non deterministic) access, hence distribution of the application’s real-time components. The communication primitives are validated in this work and outperform on average and in worst case traditional lock-based approaches. This works contributes a design pattern for structuring feedback control as well. The Control Kernel, which implements this pattern, can be applied on distributed control applications. For example, it is used to synchronise two
Bullwhip effect analysis in a supply chain

In today’s world, all enterprises in a supply chain are attempting to increase both their and the supply chain’s efficiency and effectiveness. Therefore, identification and consideration of factors that prevent enterprises to attain their expected/desired levels of effectiveness are very important. Since bullwhip effect is one of these main factors, being aware of its reasons help enterprises decrease the severity of bullwhip effect by opting proper decisions. Now that forecasting method is one of the most important factors in increasing or decreasing the bullwhip effect, this chapter considers and compares the effects of various forecasting methods on the bullwhip effect. In fact, in this chapter, the effects of various forecasting methods, such as Moving Average, Exponential Smoothing, and Regression, in terms of their associated bullwhip effect, in a four echelon supply chainincluding retailer, wholesaler, manufacturer, and supplierare considered. Then, the bullwhip effect measure is utilized to compare the ineffectiveness of various forecasting methods. Owing to this, the authors generate two sets of demands in the two cases where the demand is constant (no trend) and has an increasing trend, respectively. Then, the chapter ranks the forecasting methods in these two cases and utilizes a statistical method to ascertain the significance of differences among the effects of various methods.
How to Apply Metaphors to Achieve Simplicity In Interaction

Simplicity has always been a core design objective to make human-­‐product interaction more intuitive and more efficient. In our preconceived assumptions, minimalism seems to be the one right answer to tackle this problem. However, with the increasing number of artifacts and their advanced features, our life and daily tasks have become more and more complicated. Every feature of the product seems to be a necessity. Reduction of workflows might have an opposite effect on simplicity and instead result in confusion. Simplicity could be interpreted as different values depending on design contexts. This thesis aims to conceptualize simplicity to specify actionable design approaches to achieve simplicity. Among all the design methods that achieve simplicity, this thesis focuses on exploring the relationship between metaphor and simplicity. A framework of applying metaphor to achieve simplicity is proposed, followed up by an experiment to test the influence of metaphor on simplicity. The final conclusion is drawn from the results of the tests for future reference.
Uncertainty, Pay for Performance, and Asymmetric Information

This article develops a new rationale for the emergence of pay-for-performance contracts where the labor market is competitive, workers are risk averse, and firms are risk neutral and unaware of workers' productivities. The article shows that the prevalence of pay for performance rises and the pay-for-performance sensitivity falls as environmental uncertainty increases. This empirical regularity is unaccounted for alternative models such as the standard agency model. (JEL D86, L2, M5, J3) The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Yale University. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org, Oxford University Press.