Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zasady żywienia w przewlekłej chorobie nerek — stanowisko Grupy Roboczej Polskiego Towarzystwa Nefrologicznego

Zasady zywienia w przewleklej chorobie nerek powstaly jako wynik pracy Grupy Roboczej Polskiego Towarzystwa Nefrologicznego. W poszczegolnych rozdzialach zebrano i uporządkowano informacje na temat roli diety, oceny stanu odzywienia oraz zalecen zywieniowych w poszczegolnych etapach choroby, w tym po przeszczepieniu nerki. Szczegolną uwage zwrocono na takie problemy, jak hiperfosfatemia oraz zaburzenia dotyczące witamin i mikroelementow w omawianej grupie chorych. Celem autorow bylo podkreślenie praktycznych aspektow zywienia w przewleklej chorobie nerek.
Riziko kouření v těhotenství se stále podceňuje. Tolerovatkouření v těhotenství je neodborné a neetické

Cigaretový kouř obsahuje 4-5 tisich chemických latek; mnohe neohrožuji jen matku, ale mohou prochazet placentarni barierou a exponovat vyvijejici se plod. Kouřici ženy jsou vice než nekuřacky ohroženy v těhotenstvi kardiovaskularnimi, respiracnimi a gastro-intestinalnimi nemocemi, komplikacemi těhotenstvi, potraty ci předcasnými porody. U děti se mohou castěji vyskytovat vrozene vývojove vady (srdce, koncetin, urigenitalniho ustroji, rozstěpy). Chronicka hypoxie a hyponutrice vyvolana u plodu kouřenim matky, i přime působeni nikotinu, zpomaluje tělesný růst, ovlivňuje vývoj plic, mozku a měni programovani metabolismu. U prenatalně exponovaných děti hrozi v dětstvi i v dospělosti zvýsene riziko kardiovaskularnich, metabolických a nadorových onemocněni, poruch chovani a uceni i dalsich poskozeni zdravi. Tolerance kouřeni v těhotenstvi zdravotniky je neodborna a neeticka.
Informing iQOS Regulations in the United States: A Synthesis of What We Know

The tobacco industry offers various products, including heated tobacco products (HTPs). Philip Morris International’s (PMI) “iQOS” has the greatest HTP market share, as well as research on its use and impact. iQOS was released in 2014 and is now in more than 40 countries. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced permission for PMI to sell iQOS in the United States in April 2019, and iQOS was launched in October 2019. Decisions pending its modified risk tobacco product (MRTP) application will occur subsequently. The U.S. regulatory efforts regarding iQOS could be informed by examining (a) Philip Morris USA other product marketing efforts and (b) the iQOS market in countries where it is available. This article briefly addresses these two points with extant literature and suggests that future research should address important gaps in what is currently known, including strategic international collaborations and research, which historically has been critical for advancing tobacco control globally.
Simplified Viscoelastic Plastic Model of Ore Particle Movement Along the Vibration Organ

The viscoelastic plastic model of vibration movement of ore particles along the vibration organ was described. The model includes viscoelastic and elastic plastic blocks. The first one describes elastic deformations of the system and measures energy losses using a damper. The second block describes plastic (residual) deformations. The differential equations of model motion at different stages of ore particle movement were analyzed. Two mathematical models were presented using second and third order differential equations. Recommendations to simplify the model at various stages of movement were suggested. Research models of various levels of complexity were developed. At the stage of particle movement along the vibration organ, it is not advisable to simplify the viscoelastic plastic model in the direction normal to the organ. It is advisable to simplify the model in the direction of the working surface of the vibration organ at the stage of non-slip interaction by eliminating the elastic-plastic block. When the particle is sliding along the vibration organ and flying, the model should be simplified to a rigid body. These simplifications facilitate the task of developing algorithms and software for the vibration process under study. Keywords— vibration separation of materials, modeling of vibration processes.
Anthelmintic activity of Tephrosia calophylla

Objective: Nature has provided a completely store house of remedies to cure all ailments of mankind. A large number of populations have to rely upon traditional medicines, which are mainly derived from plant source. Methods: In this connection a critical analysis was done on Tephrosia genus by thorough literature survey from this Tephrosia calophylla plant was selected for the present study. The various species of Tephrosia is ascribed to have many medicinal and therapeutic uses for the treatment of various ailments. Results:The present study aims to investigate its qualitative phytochemical analysis and anthelmintic activity of roots of Tephrosia calophylla. Ethanolic extracts of Tephrosia calophylla roots were subjected for the preliminary phyto chemical analysis and found the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, carbohydrates compounds and ethanol extract contains flavanoids. The above said activity shown by the Tephrosia calophylla roots may be due to the presence of secondary metabolites like flavanoids.Conclusion: Anthelmintic activity was performed by using the ethanol extracts of TephrosiaCalophylla roots at various concentration . Tephrosia calophylla roots shown potent activity when compared to control and equipotent activity when compared to standard Albendazole.
AZD3759, an EGFR inhibitor with blood brain barrier (BBB) penetration for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastasis (BM): Preclinical evidence and clinical cases.

8016 Background: Increasing numbers of EGFRm+ NSCLC patients with BM have been reported, while effective treatment is lacking due to limited BBB penetration of currently available EGFR TKIs. Here we report preliminary data on AZD3759, an EGFR TKI with BBB penetration, for the treatment of BM. Methods: Preclinically, AZD3759 was assessed in both in vitro and in vivo assays, including MDCKII/Pgp and BCRP assays and CNS penetration in rats, mice and monkeys. PC-9 cells (Exon19Del) were transfected with luciferase and implanted through intra-carotid artery injection to establish a BM model in mice. Tumor growth was monitored weekly by a Xenogen Imaging System and the animal survival time was recorded. Blood and brain tissues were collected for pharmacokinetics, histopathology and pEGFR expression analyses. An ongoing, open label, dose escalation phase I study (NCT02228369; sponsor AstraZeneca) is investigating safety and tolerability of AZD3759 in patients with EGFRm+ advanced NSCLC. Results: AZD3759 has high.
Semi-Solid and Solid Bolus Swallows in High-Resolution Oesophageal Manometry for the Detection of Motility Disorders

Background/Aims: High-resolution oesophageal manometry utilises water swallows to evaluate oesophageal function. However, small volumes of water are not representative of normal eating and as a result often produce normal manometry studies in patients with dysphagia. This study sets out to establish optimal diagnostic thresholds for semi-solid solid swallows and evaluate their ability to uncover motility abnormalities in patients with motility disorders. Method: Manometry was performed using ten 5-mL single water swallows followed by two semi-solid and two solid swallows in the upright position. Normative values for the adjunctive tests were obtained from patient controls while patients with major motility disorders were used to establish the optimal diagnostic thresholds. Diagnostic thresholds identified were prospectively tested in patients with normal water swallows but oesophagus related symptoms and in those with minor and major motility disorders. Results: Normal values for semi-solid and solid were determined in patient controls (n = 100). Development of diagnostic thresholds included 120 patients with major motility disorders. Optimal diagnostic thresholds identified for oesophagogastric junction dysfunction in semi-solid and solid swallows (IRP > 15.5 mmHg). Hypercontractilty and spasm used existing thresholds (>8000 mmHg-s-cm and < 4.5 s, respectively) but modified frequency of ≥50% of adjunctive swallows. Diagnostic thresholds were applied to symptomatic patients with normal water swallows (n = 70) identifying 12/70 (17%) to have abnormal adjunctive swallows. One of 30 patients (3%) with ineffective motility had abnormal adjunctive swallow and 12 patients with oesophageal spasm, oesophagogastric junction obstruction, and hypercontractility had abnormal adjunctive swallows that moved them up the motility disorder hierarchy. Conclusions: Semi-solid and solid challenge increase diagnostic yield of motility disorders.
The flipped-SKIM model: a framework for management and delivery of professional development activities for teaching staff

The flipped-SKIM model is a framework for the management and delivery of professional development activities for teaching staff in a large foundational first year university course. The model outlines semester-long activities that are employed in the course COR109 Communication and Thought at the University of the Sunshine Coast. It strategically provides teaching staff with professional development opportunities that are in line with pressure points students are likely to encounter during the semester. The aim is to support staff and to improve consistency of teaching practice. The paper proposes an initial discussion around the flipped-SKIM model as a template that could be used in first-year courses to strategically incorporate professional development activities that can improve the first-year experience of university students, and support sessional staff development and wellbeing. The long term goal would be to foster the retention and development of both staff and students. ; ;
The uptake of tau amyloid fibrils is facilitated by the cellular prion protein and hampers prion propagation in cultured cells

Tauopathies are prevalent, invariably fatal brain diseases for which no cure is available. Tauopathies progressively affect the brain through cell-to-cell transfer of tau protein amyloids, yet the spreading mechanisms are unknown. Here we show that the cellular prion protein (PrPC) facilitates the uptake of tau aggregates by cultured cells, possibly by acting as an endocytic receptor. In mouse neuroblastoma cells, we found that tau amyloids bind to PrPC; internalization of tau fibrils was reduced in isogenic cells devoid of the gene encoding PrPC. Antibodies against N-proximal epitopes of PrPC impaired the binding of tau amyloids and decreased their uptake. Surprisingly, exposure of chronically prion-infected cells to tau amyloids reduced the accumulation of aggregated prion protein; this effect lasted for more than 72 hours after amyloid removal. These results point to bidirectional interactions between the two proteins: whilst PrPC mediates the entrance of tau fibrils in cells, PrPSc buildup is greatly reduced in their presence, possibly because of an impairment in the prion conversion process.
Experience Based Quality Control in IMRT Treatment Planning of High Risk Post-Prostatectomy Prostate Cancer with RapidPlan

Purpose: To develop a knowledge based planning (KBP) model with RapidPlan (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, USA) for the treatment of high risk post-prostatectomy prostate cancer. The model was trained on a knowledge database of high quality treatment plans from the national clinical trial RTOG 0621, then tested as a QA tool. Methods: An initial dosimetric analysis was carried out to identify high quality plans from clinical trial RTOG 0621. Treatment plans for patients enrolled in the trial were scored according to the system used by the Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core (IROC) of the National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN) of the NCI to assess adherence to the trial protocol. Of the 80 plans enrolled in the trial 39 were chosen for the training sample. Another subset of 8 plans, orthogonal to the training sample, was chosen for the validation sample to ensure that the model accurately predicts dose volume histograms (DVHs) for all critical structures. The validation plans were then re-optimized with the model in order to test its eﬀectiveness as a tool for planning QA. DVHs of the re-optimized plans were compared with those of the original clinical plans. Normal tissue complication probabilities and tumor control probabilities were calculated with the Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) model before and after re-optimization to determine the eﬀect on patient outcome. Results: The RapidPlan prostate model was shown to accurately predict estimated DVH bands for all plans in the validation sample that matched the geometry of the training sample. Three treatment plans in the validation sample were geometric outliers with respect to the training sample leading to inaccuracies in the model predictions for the cone down phase of these treatment plans. All of the re-optimized plans showed increased dose sparring to the bladder and rectum respectively without lose of target coverage. The average reduction in NTCP was 0.34 ± 0.21 % for the bladder
On the Spatial Distribution of Minor Species in Jupiter's Troposphere as Inferred From Juno JIRAM Data

The spatial distribution of water, ammonia, phosphine, germane, and arsine in the Jupiter's troposphere has been inferred from the Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) Juno data. Measurements allow us to retrieve the vertically averaged concentration of gases between ~3 and 5 bars from infrared‐bright spectra. Results were used to create latitudinal profiles. The water vapor relative humidity varies with latitude from <1% to over 15%. At intermediate latitudes (30–70°) the water vapor maxima are associated with the location of cyclonic belts, as inferred from mean zonal wind profiles (Porco et al., 2003). The high‐latitude regions (beyond 60°) are drier in the north (mean relative humidity around 2–3%) than the south, where humidity reaches 15% around the pole. The ammonia volume mixing ratio varies from 1 × 10−4 to 4 × 10−4. A marked minimum exists around 10°N, while data suggest an increase over the equator. The high‐latitude regions are different in the two hemispheres, with a gradual increase in the south and more constant values with latitude in the north. The phosphine volume mixing ratio varies from 4 × 10−7 to 10 × 10−7. A marked minimum exists in the North Equatorial Belt. For latitudes poleward 30°S and 30°N, the northern hemisphere appears richer in phosphine, with a decrease toward the pole, while the opposite is observed in the south. JIRAM data indicate an increase of germane volume mixing ratio from 2 × 10−10 to 8 × 10−10 from both poles to 15°S, with a depletion centered around the equator. Arsine presents the opposite trend, with maximum values of 6 × 10−10 at the two poles and minima below 1 × 10−10 around 20°S.
Can brachytherapy be properly considered in the clinical practice? Trilogy project: The vision of the AIRO (Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology) Interventional Radiotherapy study group

Purpose Brachytherapy (BT, interventional radiotherapy – IRT) is a kind of radiation therapy, in which the radioactive source is placed nearby or even inside the cancer itself. Even though this kind of radiation therapy appears effective and valuable, BT has been facing a slow but progressive decline over the past decades in Europe, particularly in Italy. Aims of this study were to identify the practical and theoretical reasons why BT is facing a slow decline in Italy, and to define a vision of the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO) and a strategy about this emerged issues. Material and methods A programmatic path divided into three steps like a trilogy was launched by AIRO Interventional Radiotherapy study group. The study group performed an initial data collection to highlight both the clinical and the educational topics and problems through specific surveys. After having analyzed the results of the surveys and shared a vision about the emerged issues, a specific strategy was adopted. Results Four relevant domains were identified and for each ones, a strategy has been discussed and defined. This manuscript shows in detail the individual actions defined (accomplished or in progress). Conclusions The AIRO vision implies that specific strategic interventions must be carried out in the field of national guidelines, education, research, and communication with patients and colleagues of other specialties in an interdisciplinary setting.
Exposure to Non-Ionizing Radiation and Childhood Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Background: A slight increase in the childhood cancer trend has been observed for the past few decades. Non-ionizing radiation is one of the environmental factors linked to childhood cancers. This review is conducted to assess the association between non-ionizing radiation and childhood cancer based on all original studies to date. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on the titles and abstracts pertaining to non-ionizing radiation and childhood cancers using the PubMed, Scopus, SAGE and ScienceDirect databases from inception up to November 2018. Quality of each article was appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, meta-analysis was performed with Review Manager, and fixed effects were used to estimate the pooled OR of the selected studies. Results: A total of 15 articles met all the selection criteria. Twelve articles were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled risk estimates of the 12 studies, obtained via fixed effects model, showed that children exposed to 0.2 μT or more of EMF non-ionizing radiation run 1.33 times higher risks of contracting childhood cancer compared to those with less than 0.2 μT exposure (95% CI: 1.10, 1.60). The studies were statistically homogeneous (chi-squared P=0.71, I2=0%), and there was no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion: It cannot be concluded that children exposed to non-ionizing radiation have higher risks of childhood cancer compared to those who were not exposed as claimed by the previous reviews. However, concerns about non-ionizing radiation exposure and childhood cancer should not be neglected.
Les résultats des campagnes de mesures de radon et facteurs explicatifs

Des mesures de radon ont ete effectuees a l’aide de detecteurs passifs dans plus de 2 500 maisons, reparties dans 36 departements francais. Les 3 006 resultats obtenus indiquent une moyenne arithmetique egale a 115 Bq.m-3 , et une moyenne geometrique egale a 62 Bq.m-3 , avec un ecart-type de 2,74. En corrigeant la distribution des donnees pour tenir compte de la densite de population ou de logements a l’echelle du departement, les moyennes arithmetique et geometrique sont evaluees e 62 Bq.m-3 et 41 Bq.m-3 respectivement. L'analyse des donnees montre une influence de la nature du sous-sol preponderante par rapport a d’autres facteurs explicatifs: niveau de la piece dans la maison, type de piece, materiaux de construction, ou âge de la maison.
Assessment of Breast Cancer Early Detection Program's Activities in Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City

Objective: To assess early detection program for breast cancer by evaluating the structure of the regulatory process (any activities performed by health personnel) and the outcome. Methodology: descriptive study was conducted for the period of April 15 - May 31/2012. And such a study has selected a random sample (simple) which its frame was (220) and as a result of the different demographics of the sample studied, and their diversity which has the need for the work of three questionnaires distributed as follows: first questionnaire is to study the structure of management and the building that provide the service for tests of early breast cancer to the beneficiaries; and which may include two health central sector of all primary health care in the city of Baghdad and the total count for this sample is (20) centers for primary health care. The second questionnaire is to examine the services; activities performed by health personnel in the field of this program by their units and were answered by officials of this program in primary health care centers. The third questionnaire is to study the segment benefited of the services of the program of early detection of breast cancer which has included the study of the qualities of demographic and social services for them; their review to primary health care center, their satisfaction, their acceptance and their participation in the activities of the health center, beside that attending the awareness seminars and health education so the total of such sample, reaches (200) of the beneficiaries of care. The data analyzed by using of SPSS, and performed the data analysis process through the use of statistical methods of descriptive analysis method (Recurring, and percentages) and the arithmetic mean and standard deviation and deductive analysis (Chi square, sufficiency ratio percentage. Result: The early detection program for breast cancer has experienced some limitations in its implementation that include the process which is concerned with registration by health personnel and the documentation, The program's outcome indicates that beneficiaries are satisfied with health services; the program is high effective; and most of the beneficiaries is ranging between non-morbid and those who have completed the treatment and moving toward recovery, Conclusion: The program overall assessment shows that the program has a capacity to achieve less than two third of its anticipated performance. Recommendations: The follow up for the implementation of the vocabulary of the program by the Ministry of Health officials about the program at the health centers to address the imbalance in this implementation.
Controls on Rift Faulting in the North Basin of the Malawi (Nyasa) Rift, East Africa

The North Basin of the Malawi Rift is an active, early‐stage rift segment that provides the opportunity to quantify cumulative and recent faulting patterns in a young rift, assess contributions of intrarift faults to accommodating rift opening, and examine controls on spatial patterns of faulting. Multichannel seismic reflection data acquired in Lake Malawi (Nyasa) in 2015 together with legacy multichannel seismic data image a system of synthetic intrarift faults within this border‐fault‐bounded, half‐graben basin. A dense wide‐angle seismic reflection/refraction dip profile acquired with lake bottom seismometer data constrains sediment velocities that are used to convert fault throws from travel time to depth. Observed extension on intrarift faulting in the northern and central parts of the North Basin is approximately twice what would be predicted for hanging wall flexure, implying that the intrarift faults contribute to basin opening. The cumulative throw on intrarift faults is higher in the northern part of the rift segment than the south and is anticorrelated with throw on the border fault, which is largest in the southern part of the North Basin. This change in faulting coincides with a change in the orientation of the North Basin from a N‐S trend in the south to a NNW‐SSE trend in the north. We infer that the distribution of extension is influenced by rift orientation with respect to the regional extension direction. Almost all intrarift faults substantially offset late Quaternary synrift sediments, suggesting they are likely active and need to be considered in hazard assessments.