Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stanford-Kaiser Permanente G1 study for clinical stage I to IIA Hodgkin's disease: subtotal lymphoid irradiation versus vinblastine, methotrexate, and bleomycin chemotherapy and regional irradiation.

PURPOSE We have demonstrated that a relatively mild chemotherapy regimen, vinblastine, methotrexate, and bleomycin (VBM), and involved-field radiotherapy (IFRT) could substitute for extended-field radiotherapy in patients with favorable Hodgkin's disease (HD) who have been laparotomy-staged. The purpose of this study is to determine if VBM and regional radiotherapy can substitute for extended-field radiotherapy in favorable clinical stage (CS) I and II HD. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy-eight patients with favorable CS I to II HD were randomly assigned to subtotal lymphoid irradiation (STLI) or VBM chemotherapy and regional radiotherapy. Randomization was stratified on the basis of age, sex, number of Ann Arbor sites, histology, and institution. Patients were evaluated for freedom from progressive HD, survival, and toxicity. Results were compared with the predecessor trial in pathologically staged patients. RESULTS With a median follow-up period of 4 years, the rate of freedom from progressive HD was 92% (95% confidence interval [CI], 88% to 96%) for patients treated with STLI and 87% (95% CI, 81% to 93%) for patients treated with VBM and regional radiotherapy. Six of seven patients who relapsed are alive and in remission following successful second-line therapy. CONCLUSION Given the caveat of a small number of patients, the results of extended-field radiotherapy and VBM and regional radiotherapy are comparable with a median follow-up period of 4 years. VBM serves as a paradigm to reduce late effects in favorable early-stage HD. We do not advocate its routine use in clinical practice, but instead encourage participation in clinical trials with the objective of maintaining efficacy while reducing toxicity in CS I and II HD.
Estimation of the total body vitamin B12 in the live subject.

1. Values for total body vitamin B 12 were calculated for eighteen patients by giving a tracer dose of radioactive cyanocobalamin and measuring the radioactivity and microbiological activity in liver biopsies obtained at laparotomy. 2. The values for total body vitamin B 12 ranged from 960 to 5984 μg with a mean of 2528 μg. Five values were greater and thirteen less than the mean. 3. Significant correlations were found between the serum vitamin B 12 and total body vitamin B 12 , the serum vitamin B 12 and the hepatic vitamin B 12 and the hepatic B 12 and the total body vitamin B 12 .
Exploiting non-inherent parallelism in an internal mergesort

Sorting and searching large data sets are two of the most widely re­ searched topics in the field of Com­ puter Science. Many sorting algorithms have been discovered, each with its own advantages and disadvantages (see [3] and [4] for examples). We present an algorithm which effectively utilizes a shared-memory, multi-processor to merge two large sorted lists. This algorithm exploits more parallelism than that inherent in the typical mergesort al­ gorithm and gets excellent 3peedups. We report the results of sorting a vec­ tor of 50,000 initially randomly or­ dered integers on each of four ma­ chines: a Sequent Balance 21000, a Sequent Symmetry, an Encore Multimax, and an Alliant FX/8.
Apelin‐13 administration protects against ischaemia/reperfusion‐mediated apoptosis through the FoxO1 pathway in high‐fat diet‐induced obesity

Apelin‐13, an endogenous ligand for the apelin (APJ) receptor, behaves as a potent modulator of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Here, we examined the effects of apelin‐13 on myocardial injury in a mouse model combining ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) and obesity and explored their underlying mechanisms.
Lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzymes in human vitreous humor.

1. Narasimhachari, N. , Friedel, R. 0. , and Saady, J. J., Improved tricyclic antidepressent assay by GC/MS.Res. Cornmun. Psycho. Psychiatry Behav. 4,477-490 (1979). 2. Clayes, M. , Muscetolla, G. , and Markey, S. P., Simultaneous measurement of imipramine and desipramine by selected ion recording with deutrated internal standards. Biomed. Mass Spectrom. 3, 110-116 (1976). 3. Bickel, M. H. , and Weder, H. J., The total fate of a drug: Kinetics of distribution, excretion and formation of 4 metabolites in rats treated with imipramine. Arch. mt. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 173, 433 (1968).
Peripheral lung responsiveness assessed by forced oscillations through the wedged bronchoscope.

P reviously, we1 have shown that peripheral resistance rises more in asthmatic subjects than in nonasthmatic subjects following direct stimulation with cool, dry air. To gain further insight into this response, we measured the input impedance (Z) of the lung periphery in response to methacholine by applying forced oscillations through a wedged bronchoscope in asthmatic and nonasthmatic subjects. We used a computer-controlled piston pump (flexiVent; SCIREQ; Montreal, QU, Canada) to deliver a broad-band (ie, 0.5 to 20 Hz) oscillatory flow through the wedged bronchoscope during 8 s of apnea at functional residual capacity. Pressure at the tip of the bronchoscope and flow data were used to calculate Z. Z was measured at baseline, following escalating doses of methacholine, following three deep lung inflations (DIs), and, finally, following albuterol administration. At baseline, the real part of Z (R) was elevated in the asthmatic subjects (two subjects) compared to the nonasthmatic subjects (three subjects). Methacholine induced an increase in R at all frequencies in both groups, but the responsiveness of the asthmatic subjects was more than two orders of magnitude greater than that of the nonasthmatic subjects. At higher doses of methacholine, R increased most in the low-frequency range, suggesting a predominantly tissue response. Following three DIs, the low-frequency R dropped more than its higher frequency component, implying a substantial tissue effect of DI. Albuterol brought R back toward baseline at all frequencies. These preliminary data suggest the following: (1) the lung periphery of asthmatic subjects is hyperresponsive to methacholine compared to that of nonasthmatic subjects; (2) the hyperresponsiveness involves both airway and tissue compartments; and (3) the effects of DI following bronchoconstriction occur to a significant extent in the lung periphery.
The Association Between HIV Infection and Alcohol Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of African Studies

To summarize the association between alcohol use and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection based on studies conducted in Africa, EMBASE and PubMed were searched for African studies that related alcohol use to HIV infection. Meta-analyses were conducted to obtain pooled univariate and multivariate relative risk estimates. Subgroup analyses were performed for studies having different sample types: males or females and population-based or high-risk, and ones that differentiated between problem and asymptomatic drinkers. Alcohol drinkers were more apt to be HIV+ than nondrinkers. The pooled unadjusted odds ratio (OR) from 20 studies was 1.70 (95% confidence interval, CI = 1.45–1.99). Results from 11 studies that adjusted for other risk factors produced a pooled risk estimate of 1.57 (95% CI = 1.42–1.72). Males and females had similar risk estimates, while studies involving high-risk samples tended to report larger pooled odds ratios than studies of the general population. When compared with nondrinkers, the pooled estimates of HIV risk were 1.57 (95% CI = 1.33–1.86) for nonproblem drinkers versus 2.04 (95% CI = 1.61–2.58) for problem drinkers, a statistically significant difference (z = 2.08, P <0.04). Alcohol use was associated with HIV infection in Africa and alcohol-related interventions might help reduce further expansion of the epidemic.
Linking plant strategies (CSR) and remotely sensed plant traits

The widely established CSR-model quantitatively groups plants according to their ecological response, i.e. competitiveness, stress-toleration and ruderality. These plant strategies are allocated using plant traits. We assess the potential of canopy traits derived by imaging spectroscopy and inverted radiative transfer models for allocating CSR-scores. Our findings indicate that plant traits (LAI, Cab, Car and SLA) are valuable ‘soft traits’ to map plant strategies.
Biofuels and Biodiversity: Principles for Creating Better Policies for Biofuel Production

Abstract: Biofuels are a new priority in efforts to reduce dependence on fossil fuels; nevertheless, the rapid increase in production of biofuel feedstock may threaten biodiversity. There are general principles that should be used in developing guidelines for certifying biodiversity‐friendly biofuels. First, biofuel feedstocks should be grown with environmentally safe and biodiversity‐friendly agricultural practices. The sustainability of any biofuel feedstock depends on good growing practices and sound environmental practices throughout the fuel‐production life cycle. Second, the ecological footprint of a biofuel, in terms of the land area needed to grow sufficient quantities of the feedstock, should be minimized. The best alternatives appear to be fuels of the future, especially fuels derived from microalgae. Third, biofuels that can sequester carbon or that have a negative or zero carbon balance when viewed over the entire production life cycle should be given high priority. Corn‐based ethanol is the worst among the alternatives that are available at present, although this is the biofuel that is most advanced for commercial production in the United States. We urge aggressive pursuit of alternatives to corn as a biofuel feedstock. Conservation biologists can significantly broaden and deepen efforts to develop sustainable fuels by playing active roles in pursuing research on biodiversity‐friendly biofuel production practices and by helping define biodiversity‐friendly biofuel certification standards.
Identification and assay of serotonin in brain.

1. A fluorometric method for the determination of serotonin (5-hydroxytryp-tamine) in brain is described. The procedure involves the use of a spectrophoto-fluorometer which can activate and measure emitted fluorescence continuously from 250 to 650 mµ. Serotonin is activated maximally at 295 mµ and emits fluorescent light which shows a maximum at 550 mµ. 2. With this method serotonin has been shown to be a normal constituent of brain. 3. The fluorescent procedure may be applied to the measurement of serotonin in other tissues.
Contemporary pain management*

Pain management is a dynamic clinical area. Basic research is generating new drugs and new technologies for their delivery. Clinical research has demonstrated the important roles of psychological and environmental factors in the complaint of pain. Surgical strategies are improving. The recognition that the human brain plays a major role in pain perception and pain behaviours has led to the development of multidisciplinary teams that can bring a diversity of diagnostic and therapeutic skills to clinical medicine. The specialty of pain management is gaining momentum throughout the world. Australian health care delivery needs to respond to these developments to permit the citizens of this country to receive state-of-the-art care. Not only will this be more humane, but it will permit a reduction in the enormous financial costs of the poor management of both acute and chronic pain.
Recent progress in organic thin-film solar cells

Current stage, fundamentals, nanostructure control, bandgap science, recent topics, and the future of the organic thin-film solar cells will be presented. Recent topics include, “Conduction-type control and pn-homojunction formation in single C60 films", “Doping-based control of the energetic structure of photovoltatic co-deposited films", and “3rd coevaporant molecule induced nanostructure control".
p53R2 overexpression in cervical cancer promotes AKT signaling and EMT, and is correlated with tumor progression, metastasis and poor prognosis

ABSTRACT p53R2 is a p53-inducible ribonucleotide reductase subunit involved in deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis and DNA repair. Although p53R2 has been linked to human cancer, its role in cervical cancer remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression and clinical significance of p53R2 in early-stage cervical cancer. p53R2 expression is significantly upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in cervical cancer cells and tissues, compared with that in matched normal cervical cells and tissues, respectively. p53R2 overexpression is associated with increased risk of pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM, p = 0.001) and cancer relapse (p = 0.009). Patients with high p53R2 expression have a shorter overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). p53R2 is an independent factor for predicting OS and DFS of cervical cancer patients. We further show that p53R2 is important for oncogenic growth, migration and invasion in cervical cancer cells. Mechanistically, p53R2 promotes Akt signaling and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). In conclusion, our study demonstrates for the first time that p53R2 protein is overexpressed in early-stage cervical cancer and unravels some unconventional oncogenic functions of p53R2. p53R2 may be a useful prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
Receptor changes in cerebral arteries after subarachnoid haemorrhage

Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), occurring with a delay of 4‐10 days is linked to cerebral vasospasm (CVS), a pathological constriction of the cerebral arteries. Several agents have been suggested as being responsible – amongst these perhaps 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) and endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) are the most prominent, given their ability to elicit powerful constriction of arteries. Investigating both 5‐HT and ET receptors we observed distinct changes in the receptor phenotype after experimental SAH – namely upregulation of the ETB and 5‐HT1B receptors – linked to a higher sensitivity to the endogenous agonists. This multiple receptor upregulation may explain the failure in treating CVS using single receptor antagonists, and may also significantly change our understanding of the effector mechanism behind CVS. So far only the ET and 5‐HT receptors have been studied in this regard, but other receptor systems may also undergo changes.
[Treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia with radiofrequency thermocoagulation: report of 648 consecutive cases].

PURPOSE To analyze the clinical efficacy of radiofrequency thermocoagulation in the treatment of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, and discuss the method, skill of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and complications. METHODS 648 patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia , who were treated by radiofrequency thermocoagulation via foramen infraorbitale approach, lateral approach, anterior approach and other approach from July 2001 to March 2011 in our hospital, were observed and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS After the first treatment of the 648 patients, the rate of pain control was 98.3% via foramen infraorbitale approach, 91.0% via lateral approach and 95.5% via former approach. The overall response rate was 96.0%. 395 patients were followed up from 6 months to 2 years. The recurrent rate within one year was 9.6%, 20.5% within two years. Good response was achieved after re-treatment with radiofrequency thermocoagulation in recurrent patients. CONCLUSIONS The clinical efficacy of radiofrequency thermocoagulation in the treatment of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia is good and reliable. The operation is simple, the indication is wide, and the complication is fewer. CT location can improve the accuracy of puncture, and reduce complications.
Sign Optimization Model for Rail Transit: A Big Data Approach

The subway station has a large passenger flow and strong mobility, and subway-oriented signs have become the necessary core support for the subway system. The paper first takes the complaint data of Beijing Metro as the research object and uses Word2vec methods to effectively prove the phenomenon of subway-oriented identification. Next, it builds a MIP model for the subway-oriented identification system based on the optimization theory and analyzes the model. As an example, Dongzhimen Station of the subway has optimized the spatial layout of its guide signs. Dongzhimen station is an important transportation hub, there are some sign problem, such as long transfer distance, narrow transfer space, complicated traffic conditions, and obvious passenger flow aggregation. The amount of induced information in the area is the objective function, and an optimization model for the optimization of signs is established to help scientifically find the optimal placement of guide signs from multiple candidate positions. The model can theoretically reduce the guidance errors caused by the guidance marks, and will be verified by real cases in practical applications, thereby verifying the effectiveness of the model. The research results can provide reference and reference for subway passenger flow guidance.
International Immunonutrition Workshop Session 9 : Food ingredients , immunity and inflammation : animal and in vitro models A rat model of mild intestinal inflammation induced by Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B

The epithelial barrier of the intestine and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) protects the host against luminal pathogenic micro-organisms. This is important at weaning, when animals are exposed to infectious agents and stresses. We have developed a rat model of intestinal inflammation post weaning, based on the systemic administration of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB). Since the inflammatory response obtained is mild, the food intake pattern is not affected, which makes this model useful for studies of nutritional therapies for intestinal inflammatory disease. SEB increased T-lymphocytes in Peyer’s patches and the number of activated T-lymphocytes in mesenteric lymph nodes (organized GALT). In the lamina propria, SEB increased activated T-lymphocytes as well as cytotoxic and natural killer-cell populations of the diffuse GALT. It also increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators in both Peyer’s patches and mucosa. Rats given SEB had higher paracellular permeability to macromolecules, which was associated with a reduction in epithelial tightness. This model was used to examine whether dietary supplementation with spray-dried animal plasma proteins affects intestinal inflammation. Results showed that dietary plasma proteins can attenuate the mucosal immune response in both organized and diffuse GALT and that these effects are mediated by a reduction in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Effects of cadmium and arsenic on Pteris vittata under hydroponic conditions

Pteris vittata is known to hyperaccumulate arsenic, and a large number of studies on this fern species can be found in the literature aimed at evaluating its behavior when coexposed to other toxic elements. In the present study, P. vittata was treated with different concentrations of As and/or Cd in a hydroponic system, that is, under complete bioavailability of the elements, with the objective of investigating the effects of these two elements and their interactions. The response of the plant was evaluated by measuring As, Cd, P, and Ca concentrations in different parts of the plant. Moreover, the symptoms of phytotoxicity were assessed in terms of biomass reduction and loss of photosynthetic efficiency related to necrosis of pinnae. The concentrations of As and Cd measured in the fronds and the root system were significantly dependent on the treatment, whereas P and Ca concentrations were not affected. Interaction effects between As and Cd were observed, with maximum toxicity symptoms after treatment with both elements. This could affect the potential use of this fern for phytoremediation. Although As treatment produced a significant effect on leaves (e.g., chlorosis and necrosis), Cd treatment produced a stronger negative impact on plant health, reducing significantly the biomass and photosynthetic efficiency. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:1375–1380. © 2012 SETAC
Innate lymphoid cells: the role in respiratory infections and lung tissue damage

ABSTRACT Introduction: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) represent a diverse family of cells of the innate immune system, which play an important role in regulation of tissue homeostasis, immunity and inflammation. Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of ILCs in both protective immunity to respiratory infections and their pathological roles in the lungs. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge, interpret and integrate it into broader perspective, enabling greater insight into the role of ILCs in respiratory diseases. Areas covered: In this review we highlighted the role of ILCs in the lungs, citing the most recent studies in this area. PubMed searches (2004- July 2017) were conducted using the term ‘innate lymphoid cells respiratory viral infections’ in combination with other relevant terms including various respiratory viruses. Expert commentary: Since studies of ILCs have opened new areas of investigation, understanding the role of ILCs in respiratory infections may help to clarify the mechanisms underlying viral-induced exacerbations of lung diseases, providing the basis for novel therapeutic strategies. Potential therapeutic targets have already been identified. So far, the most promising strategy is cytokine-targeting, although further clinical trials are needed to verify its effectiveness.
Assessment of Cardiac Troponin I Responses in Nonhuman Primates during Restraint, Blood Collection, and Dosing in Preclinical Safety Studies

Limited information has been published on the use of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) as a biomarker of cardiac injury in monkeys. The purpose of these studies was to characterize the cTnI response seen in cynomolgus macaques during routine dosing and blood collection procedures typically used in preclinical safety studies and to better understand the pathogenesis of this response. We measured cTnI using two different methods, the Siemens Immulite cTnI assay and the more sensitive Siemens Troponin I-Ultra assay. We were able to demonstrate that after oral, subcutaneous, or intravenous dosing of common vehicles, as well as serial chair restraint for venipuncture blood collection, that minimal to mild transient increases in cTnI could be detected in monkeys with both assays. cTnI values typically peaked at 2, 3, 4, or 6 hr after sham dosing and returned to baseline at 22 or 24 hr. In addition, marked increases in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) occurred in monkeys during the restraint procedures, which likely initiated the cTnI release in these animals. Monkeys that were very well acclimated to the chairing procedures and had vascular access ports for blood sampling did not have marked increases in HRs and BP or increases in cTnI.
Australian Fashion Unstitched: The last 60 years

List of figures Acknowledgements Contributors 1. Australian fashion unstitched Bonnie English 2. The fabulous fifties - glamour and style Louise Mitchell 3. Beril Jents - Australian haute couture Liliana Pomazan 4. Envisioning independence - fashion photography in Australia Daniel Palmer and Kate Rhodes 5. The art of fashion Bonnie English 6. Interlaced - textiles for fashion Liz Williamson 7. The spectacle of fashion - museum collection, display and exhibition Craig Douglas 8. Against the grain - Australia and the swimsuit Christine Schmidt 9. Beyond the boundaries - Australian fashion from the 1960s to the 1980s Roger Leong and Katie Somerville 10. Paris then New York - navigating the world's fashion capitals from Australia Danielle Whitfield 11. Contemporary avant-garde - cutting-edge design Bonnie English and Liliana Pomazan 12. The business of fashion Jo Kellock 13. Fashion frontiers Liliana Pomazan Index.