Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Ceruloplasmin in Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease

Ya z›fl ma Ad re si/Ad dress for Cor res pon den ce: Dr. Şenay Aydın, Yedikule Göğüs Hastalıkları ve Göğüs Cerrahisi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Nöroloji Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye Tel. : +90 506 631 81 35 E-posta: aydin.senay@hotmail.com Ge lifl Ta ri hi/Re cei ved: 10.08. 2015 Ka bul Ta ri hi/Ac cep ted: 26.10. 2015 Amaç: İdiyopatik Parkinson hastalığında (İPH) oksidatif stres nöronal hücre ölümü üzerinde majör role sahiptir. Serüloplazmin ferrooksidaz aktivitesi ile ferröz demiri ferrik forma okside eder ve böylece hücrenin DNA, lipid ve protein bileşenlerini oksidatif hasardan korur. Bizim çalışmamızda proton manyetik rezonans spektroskopi (H-1 MRS) ile serüloplazmin eksikliğinin nörodejenerasyon üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: İPH tanılı 23 hasta ve 12 sağlıklı kontrol olguda iki yanlı putamen tek voksel H-1 MRS yöntemiyle incelendi. Her iki grupta N-asetil aspartat (NAA), kreatin (Cr) ve kolin (Cho) pik değerleri ve serum serüloplazmin düzeyleri belirlendi. Bulgular: İPH hastalarında semptomatik ekstremitenin kontralateral (KL) putaminal bölge NAA/Cho ve NAA/Cr oranı kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı derecede düşüktü. Ayrıca İPH grubunda KL NAA/Cho ve NAA/Cr oranları ipsilateraline (İL) göre anlamlı derecede düşüktü (p<0,001). Semptomatik ekstremitenin İL putaminal bölgeye ait metabolit oranları karşılaştırıldığında sağlıklı kontrol ile İPH grubu arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Serum serüloplazmin seviyeleri kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında İPH grubunda anlamlı derecede düşük saptandı (p<0,001). İPH grubunda KL putaminal NAA/Cho oranı ile serüloplazmin seviyeleri arasında anlamlı korelasyon saptandı (p=0,011). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda saptanan serum serüloplazmin düşüklüğü ile KL putamen NAA/Cho oranı arasındaki bu korelasyon serbest radikal aracılı nöronal hücre ölümünde serüloplazmin yetersizliğinin katkıda bulunabileceği hipotezini desteklemektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: İdiyopatik Parkinson hastalığı, proton manyetik rezonans spektroskopi, serüloplazmin
Exploring How Student Teachers' Motivation Change in Free Teacher Education Program

Teacher attrition has remained a serious issue, which has drawn enormous researcher's attention. This study explores how teaching motivations of pre-service students have changed in the first three years of their situated Free Teacher Education Program (FTE Program), which is a courses-based education. 180 FTE students from two different grades (the first-year and third-year undergraduates) filled an online questionnaire that measured their motivations toward a teaching career. We compared the two cohorts on teaching motivations, which have been categorized into five specific aspects, extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation, altruistic motivation, social status, and fallback career. This research reveals that during the first three years of the FTE Program, there was a decline in FTE students' teaching motivations (extrinsic, intrinsic, altruistic motivation, social status), whereas an increase in motivation of fallback career. We list several potential reasons behind these changes and generate some insights for teacher educators and policymakers on how to improve pre-service students' teaching motivations and preserve their determinations towards teaching as a life-long profession.
Entity Matching from Unstructured and Dissimilar Data Collections: Semantic and Content Distribution Approach

This paper describes a solution to the problem of extracting data features from a collection of dissimilar, unstructured data sets, gathered from multiple data sources in the web or databases. In this work we present a method of feature extraction and normalization, aiming at closing the gap between a workable data set of uniform content, and a large collection of unstructured and un-normalized collection of unworkable data set. The feature extraction we modeled creates focused, structured data sets as output, and with Big-Data and Analytics perspective. The solution we present automates data ingestion from public data sources and it applies Machine Learning methodology to build data relationships across unstructured data sets. Our research is aiming at extracting key features by using semi-supervised process, semantic relations, and statistical analysis of the distribution of content. The mapping across dissimilar datasets is solved through matching problem of these metrics, constructing a scoring value that maps different entities. We proposed a three-layer matching process of homogenous covariates from different sources semantic and measures are nonstandard using pattern recognition. This work presents a novel way to tackle the entity resolution problem. The result shows that the method works well on real industrial data and provides immediate ROI value for the data management system.
Declarative abstractions for tensor program partitioning

The size of state-of-the-art machine learning models is continuously growing; for instance GPT-3, a recent language model trained by OpenAI, contains 175B parameters. Due to memory limitations and scalability constraints hardware acceleration for such models relies on configuring them as systems of accelerator devices (such as GPUs, or TPUs, or even simple compute cores with fast local memory) with custom interconnect networks. This setting poses a challenge for software: there is an increasing need for flexible ways to distribute these multi-dimensional array programs (tensor programs) across systems of accelerator devices. We outline in this talk how ideas from deforestation and stream fusion are relevant for the domain of tensor programming and partitioning. Specifically, we see how the concept of array “builders”, aiming primarily at code generation, can be extended to array “slicers”. Array slicers, together with algebraic representations of range objects and declarative rewrite rules, can express a variety of different and accelerator-agnostic distribution strategies. We will see how a tensor IR can be extended with such abstractions, how we can drive partitioning through user annotations or interactive tactics, and – as a demonstration – how it may be lowered to a low-level executable dataflow graph of SPMD kernels. We will finally discuss some remaining hard problems and further transformations that are essential for scaling up models on systems of accelerators, and where ideas from declarative programming could prove useful.
The Moran effect and synchrony in population dynamics

Our approach is twofold. First, with 1964-1983 data on red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) in 11 provinces in Finland we show that population fluctuations in different parts of the country are largely synchronous. Second, using two differing model types for producing the dynamics of populations we set up to examine the synchronizing effect of an extrinsic disturbing factor, the Moran effect. We show that in a spatially structured population system a randomly occurring stochastic perturbation reducing reproduction success is indeed capable of synchronizing subpopulations. The synchronizing effect is achievable with a wide range of probabilities of occurrence and strengths. However, when the Moran effect occurs in most years its synchronizing power wanes, despite the strength of the effect. Allowing regionality in the variance of the strength of the Moran effect reduces the synchronizing capacity of the perturbation. The Moran effect is also capable of producing a wide range of population dynamics from very simple premises.
Comment on Misra et al. Homozygous Hypomorphic HNF1A Alleles Are a Novel Cause of Young-Onset Diabetes and Result in Sulfonylurea-Sensitive Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2020;43:909–912

With great interest, we have read the article by Misra et al. (1), which reported a family that suffered from young-onset and sulfonylurea-sensitive diabetes resulting from the homozygous hypomorphic HNF1A mutation. We appreciate the considerable achievement of new insights in diagnosis and pathogenicity of HNF1A germline mutation–induced diabetes, but we would like to make some comments about the interpretation of the results and discussion. Misra et al. reported that the proband’s father met the criteria of prediabetes and the mother developed diabetes during pregnancy at the age of 29 years. The authors also concluded that two reported studies (2,3) featured heterozygous p.A251T HNF1A variant carriers …
Comments on Revisiting Complementarity between Japanese FDI and the Import of Intermediate Goods: Agglomeration Effects and Parent-firm Heterogeneity

By tracking the detailed product-level trade transactions for 929 Japanese afﬁliates in China, Ito, Matsuura, and Yang contribute to the classic literature that investigates the complementarity versus sub-stitutability of trade and FDI. To advance this question, the paper studies the duration of intermediate input imports by these Chinese afﬁliates between 2000 and 2006. Because the authors have taken on the arduous task of creating a data set that combines four different sources, they illuminate a number of interesting relationships that are generally obscured by ﬁrm efforts to hide their proprietary actions from view. The key question posed by this paper is: How is the duration of intermediate input import by Chinese afﬁliates shaped by product, ﬁrm-level, and national considerations? Thanks to the paper’s careful data effort, much of the paper’s novelty lies in its ability to relate this question to the Japanese parent ﬁrms’ characteristics and global footprints. Most notably, the paper shows that the duration of afﬁliate import of intermediate inputs was shorter when the Japanese parent ﬁrm was larger (as measured by employment), had a larger global network of afﬁliates, or had longer experience operating as a multinational. Although this inquiry piques the reader’s interest in this question, however, the generaliz-ability of the results are called into question by the uniqueness of the period of estimation, 2000–06, which lies solidly in the interval of China’s accession to the WTO and coincides with the period of rapid hollowing out of Japan’s manufacturing sector. 1 In this context, for Japanese industries relocating to China, the main question was sequencing. Firms could move everything at once, or start assembly early on, using imported inputs that were later replaced by new suppliers. To the extent that Japan’s afﬁliates in China were initiating operations that were replacing their predecessor operations in Japan, the duration analysis reveals the product trades that were most quickly relocated. Intuitively, the paper shows
PENGARUH KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRSAK (Annona Muricata L.) DAN SIMVASTATIN TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL DAN LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) TIKUS YANG DIINDUKSI PAKAN TINGGI LEMAK

ABSTRACT Soursop leaves can be used as a drug hypercholesterolemia. Simvastatin is one of the drugs that can be used to lower total cholesterol and LDL. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of combination therapy EEDS and simvastatin in inhibiting elevated levels of total cholesterol and LDL induced rats a high-fat feed when compared with simvastatin alone or single EEDS. This study is experimental with post-test only control group design. Using the test animals were 30 male rats Wistar strain were divided into 6 groups. Test animals fed a high-fat twice daily for 14 days except for the normal control group, the test preparation administration once a day for 5 days. Measurement of total cholesterol using the reagent kit CHOD-PAP and LDL measurement method Direct Enzymatic Colorimetric Test with a spectrophotometer UV-Visibel. Data were statistically analyzed by One Way Anova followed by Tukey test. The results showed that administration of EEDS can inhibit LDL levels induced rats a high- fat feed. eeds combination and simvastatin can inhibit the increase in total and LDL cholesterol levels did not differ significan (p> 0.05), which means it has the same ability in lowering total cholesterol and LDL induced rats a high-fat feed simvastatin compared with administration of single and single EEDS. Keywords: Hypercholesterolemia, Soursop Leaf Extract Ethanol, Total Cholesterol, LDL.
Confidence intervals for the common coefficient of variation of rainfall in Thailand

The log-normal distribution is often used to analyze environmental data like daily rainfall amounts. The rainfall is of interest in Thailand because high variable climates can lead to periodic water stress and scarcity. The mean, standard deviation or coefficient of variation of the rainfall in the area is usually estimated. The climate moisture index is the ratio of plant water demand to precipitation. The climate moisture index should use the coefficient of variation instead of the standard deviation for comparison between areas with widely different means. The larger coefficient of variation indicates greater dispersion, whereas the lower coefficient of variation indicates the lower risk. The common coefficient of variation, is the weighted coefficients of variation based on k areas, presents the average daily rainfall. Therefore, the common coefficient of variation is used to describe overall water problems of k areas. In this paper, we propose four novel approaches for the confidence interval estimation of the common coefficient of variation of log-normal distributions based on the fiducial generalized confidence interval (FGCI), method of variance estimates recovery (MOVER), computational, and Bayesian approaches. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the coverage probabilities and average lengths of the confidence intervals. In terms of coverage probability, the results show that the FGCI approach provided the best confidence interval estimates for most cases except for when the sample case was equal to six populations (k = 6) and the sample sizes were small (nI < 50), for which the MOVER confidence interval estimates were the best. The efficacies of the proposed approaches are illustrated with example using real-life daily rainfall datasets from regions of Thailand.
The effect of nitrogen deprivation on stable isotope 15n fractionation and preference of ammonium, nitrate, and urea by marine dinoflagellates and a raphidophyte

Nitrogen (N) preference and the uptake response of N-replete and Nstarved dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae and Prorocentrum micans, and the chloromonad (Raphidophyte) Heterosigma carterae grown on NH 4 + , N0 3", and urea were determined by N disappearance rates and uptake rates. N-replete cells preferentially took up NH 4 + in the presence of three N forms. Urea was the second preference. NO3" was taken up last. N-replete Heterosigma carterae exhibited a strong preference for NH 4 + uptake and its ratio of uptake preference of the three N sources relative to urea was 10 (NH 4 +):0.1 (N0 3"):1 (urea). These ratios suggest a strong influence of NH 4 + on N0 3 " uptake. However, the concentration of NO3" decreased rapidly when only NO3" and urea were present in a medium. This order of preference remained the same after N deprivation. However, N-deplete P. micans and A. carterae decreased their preference for N0 3 " relative to both N H 4 + and urea from 1.9 (NH 4 +):0.6 (N0 3"):1 (urea) to 1.5:0.5:1 and from 6.9 (NH 4 +):-0.2 (N03"):1 (urea) to 7.5:-1.1:1 respectively. On the other hand, N-deprived H. carterae increased its preference for N0 3 " relative to both N H 4 + and urea from 10 (NH 4 +):0.1 (N0 3 '):1 (urea) to 7.5:0.2:1. The N uptake preference depended on the interactions of each N source. N-starved H. carterae in a batch culture grown on N H 4 + showed an immediate NH 4 * uptake after the re-addition of N H 4 + and ceased uptake for a short period and started to take up NH 4 + again. This N H 4 + uptake pattern existed, but was not evident in H. carterae grown on three N sources. iii Diel patterns of nitrate (NOV) uptake under a light:dark (14L10D) cycle were investigated in a batch culture of H. carterae which is known as a diel vertical migrator. The concentration of NOV in the culture decreased mostly during light periods, and hardly decreased or even increased (i.e. efflux) during dark periods. NOY-starved H. carterae showed N 0 3 uptake during the dark period. NOY-starved cells grown under a lighfcdark cycle exhibited a longer period of no uptake after the re-addition of N0 3 " than when grown under
Improvement of Initialized Decadal Predictions over the North Pacific Ocean by Systematic Anomaly Pattern Correction

The prediction skill and errors in surface temperature anomalies in initialized decadal hindcasts from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) are assessed using six ocean–atmosphere coupled models initialized every year from 1961 to 2008. The initialized hindcasts show relatively high prediction skill over the regions where external forcing dominates, indicating that a large portion of the prediction skill is due to the long-term trend. After removing the linear trend, high prediction skill is shown near the centers of action of the dominant decadal climate oscillations, such as the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) andAtlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO). Low prediction skill appears over the tropical and eastern North Pacific Ocean where the predicted anomaly patterns associated with the PDO are systematically different in model and observations. By statistically correcting those systematic errors using a stepwise pattern projection method (SPPM) based on the data in an independent training period, the prediction skill of sea surface temperature (SST) is greatly enhanced over the North Pacific Ocean. The SST prediction skill over the North Pacific Ocean after the SPPM error correction is as high as that over the North Atlantic Ocean. In addition, the prediction skill in a single model after correction exceeds the skill of the multimodel ensemble (MME) mean before correction, implying that the MMEmethod is not as effective in addressing systematic errors as the SPPM correction.
Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the management of mountain meadows

The aim of the study was to test the possibility of using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for distinguishing between differently managed mountain grassland sites surrounded by boreal forests. The NDVI was assessed under field conditions in three differently managed meadows (mown, mulched, unmanaged), at an altitude of 1150 to 1170 m in the Bohemian Forest Mts. The mowing and mulching were applied to the respective plots in mid-July and three successive NDVI/aboveground biomass assessments were made before and two after the application of the treatments. The presence of litter, expressed by the green ratio index (GR), strongly affected the reflectance of the grassland canopy. The linear relationships between green biomass and NDVI were statistically significant for all treatments only during the period before the application of the treatments. It was only in the unmanaged plot that a statistically significant linear relationship between NDVI and GR was recorded.
The Influence of Designers’ Cultural Differences on the Empathic Accuracy of User Understanding

Abstract Understanding user experience has become an important part of product design, but doing it well remains challenging. Given the global market and the resulting ubiquity of cross-cultural design, to improve user experience, designers should accurately understand users from different cultures. The extent to which designers can empathize and understand users from different cultures is an under researched topic. This paper combines Empathic Accuracy Rating with a user experience survey to measure the empathic accuracy of 12 designers trying to understand the experience of users from different cultural backgrounds. The results show that cultural differences reduce the accuracy of their user understanding. This effect can be mitigated by providing designers with more details of users’ living context.
Winter flood preferences of procupines

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Physiology of Highly Radioresistant Escherichia coli After Experimental Evolution for 100 Cycles of Selection

Ionizing radiation (IR) is lethal to most organisms at high doses, damaging every cellular macromolecule via induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Utilizing experimental evolution and continuing previous work, we have generated the most IR-resistant Escherichia coli populations developed to date. After 100 cycles of selection, the dose required to kill 99% the four replicate populations (IR9-100, IR10-100, IR11-100, and IR12-100) has increased from 750 Gy to approximately 3,000 Gy. Fitness trade-offs, specialization, and clonal interference are evident. Long-lived competing sub-populations are present in three of the four lineages. In IR9, one lineage accumulates the heme precursor, porphyrin, leading to generation of yellow-brown colonies. Major genomic alterations are present. IR9 and IR10 exhibit major deletions and/or duplications proximal to the chromosome replication terminus. Contributions to IR resistance have expanded beyond the alterations in DNA repair systems documented previously. Variants of proteins involved in ATP synthesis (AtpA), iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (SufD) and cadaverine synthesis (CadA) each contribute to IR resistance in IR9-100. Major genomic and physiological changes are emerging. An isolate from IR10 exhibits protein protection from ROS similar to the extremely radiation resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, without evident changes in cellular metal homeostasis. Selection is continuing with no limit to IR resistance in evidence as our E. coli populations approach levels of IR resistance typical of D. radiodurans.