Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Revisiting and Improving SZZ Implementations

Background: The SZZ algorithm was proposed to identify bug-introducing changes, i.e., changes that are likely to induce bugs. Previous studies improved its implementation and evaluated its results.Aims: To address existing limitations of SZZ to improve the maturity of the algorithm. We also aim to verify if the improvements that have been proposed to the SZZ algorithm also hold in different datasets.Method: We re-evaluate two recent SZZ implementations using an adaptation of the Defects4J dataset, which works as a preprocessed dataset that can be used by SZZ. Furthermore, we revisit the limitations of RA-SZZ (refactoring aware SZZ) to improve the precision and recall of the algorithm.Results: We observe that a median of 44% of the lines that are flagged by the improved SZZ are very likely to introduce a bug. We manually analyze the SZZ-generated data and observe that there exist refactoring operations (31.17%) and equivalent changes (13.64%) that are still misidentified by the improved SZZ.Conclusion: By preprocessing the dataset that is used as input by SZZ, the accuracy of SZZ may be considerably improved. For example, we observe that SZZ implementations are approximately 40% more accurate if only valid bug-fix lines are used as the input for SZZ.
Design and Testing of a New High-Order Integral Terminal Sliding Mode Controller

This paper presents a new design of third-order integral terminal sliding mode controller. The control algorithm is designed to reduce the chattering phenomenon and to converge in finite time. The performance of the controller is tested on a piezoelectric nanopositioning system. Experimental result shows that it produces a faster response speed and lower steady-state error in the step response test, and lower tracking error in the sinusoidal wave tracking test as compared with conventional controllers. A series of parametric studies have been conducted to determine the optimal control parameters.
Asthma and Health Related Quality of Life in Childhood and Adolescence

Asthma is the most frequent chronic disorder in childhood. Asthma puts a serious burden on children’s health related quality of life, despite the availability of effective and safe treatment (Dalheim-Englund et al., 2004; Global Initiative for Asthma, 2010; Masoli et al., 2004; Mohangoo et al., 2005). The overall goal of asthma management is to achieve optimal disease control and health related quality of life improvements (Bateman et al., 2007; Pedersen et al., 2011). The World Health Organization has defined the term health related quality of life as the individual’s perception of their position of life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations and concerns (World Health Organization, 1993). The own perception is important because it emphasises that these are the impairments that patients themselves consider important. As in most medical conditions, the correlation between asthma control and health related quality of life is modest. Therefore, the impact that asthma has on a patient’s health related quality of life cannot be inferred from the conventional clinical measures of asthma (e.g. spirometry); it must be measured directly (Juniper et al., 1999a, 1999b). During the past decade, the use of health related quality of life as an essential outcome measure of childhood asthma treatment and management has increased (Merikallio et al., 2005). This review summarises recent literature on: 1) health related quality of life instruments for childhood asthma, 2) the impact of childhood asthma on children’s health related quality of life, 3) the impact of children’s asthma on caregiver’s health related quality of life and 5) factors associated with health related quality of life in childhood asthma.
A comparative analysis of radar and lidar sensing for localization and mapping

Lidars and cameras are the sensors most commonly used for Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM). However, they are not effective in certain scenarios, e.g. when fire and smoke are present in the environment. While radars are much less affected by such conditions, radar and lidar have rarely been compared in terms of the achievable SLAM accuracy. We present a principled comparison of the accuracy of a novel radar sensor against that of a Velodyne lidar, for localization and mapping. We evaluate the performance of both sensors by calculating the displacement in position and orientation relative to a ground-truth reference positioning system, over three experiments in an indoor lab environment. We use two different SLAM algorithms and found that the mean displacement in position when using the radar sensor was less than 0.037 m, compared to 0.011 m for the lidar. We show that while producing slightly less accurate maps than a lidar, the radar can accurately perform SLAM and build a map of the environment, even including details such as corners and small walls.
Relaxed Peak-to-Peak Filtering Design for Networked Nonlinear DC Motor Systems with Quantization

This paper deals with the matter of relaxed peak-to-peak filtering for nonlinear networked DC motor with quantization. The powerful Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is used to model the nonlinear terms. With the help of proposing a so-called switching filter, more filter gain matrices can be introduced and the derived result is less than the one with single matrix given in the recent literature. Further, some free additional matrices are also introduced for obtaining feasible solution to the underlying filter gain matrices in terms of linear matrix inequality. At last, the validity of the given means is demonstrated by a simulation instance.
System for Detecting and Reporting Cell Phone Distracted Drivers

According to published statistics, driver distraction by cell phone usage has recently become one of the main causes of fatal road accidents. We propose an integrated system to automatically detect, track, and report distracted drivers to help saving lives. Based on real time camera feed, our Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) detect vehicles drivers and hence classify their attention. An automatic license plate recognition module records distracted drivers' vehicles' plate numbers and report them through a simple web-based server component. To train and test our CNNs, we collected and annotated various video footage of volunteering drivers from a camera mounted on a patrol car as well as a roadside gantry. Our system achieved 89% and 95% detection and classification accuracy respectively on the recorded test set.
Modeling, Characterization and Analysis of a Microfabricated Piezoelectric Cantilever for Vibration Sensing and Energy Harvesting

A piezoelectric micro-cantilever, with potential applications for vibration sensing and energy harvesting, was designed for a standard industry process. Its expected sensitivity for vibration intensity and power generation capability were simulated using a simplified one-dimensional model. The device was fabricated and a sample was prepared for testing, where experiments have been carried out to measure the resonance frequency, the damping coefficient and to derive the frequency response and the voltage vs vibration intensity plots. The experimental results were compared to the analytical model and semi-empirical corrections were made to improve the predicted behavior. Based on the obtained results, an assessment of the device capabilities and potential application is given.
Complex Patterns of Failure: Fault Tolerance via Complex Event Processing for IoT Systems

Fault-tolerance (FT) support is a key challenge for ensuring dependable Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Many existing FT-support mechanisms for IoT are static, tightly coupled, and inflexible, and so they struggle to provide effective support for dynamic IoT environments. This paper proposes Complex Patterns of Failure (CPoF), an approach to providing FT support for IoT systems using Complex Event Processing (CEP) that promotes modularity and reusability in FT-support design. System defects are defined using our Vulnerabilities, Faults, and Failures (VFF) framework, and error-detection strategies are defined as nondeterministic finite automata (NFA) implemented via CEP systems. We evaluated CPoF on an automated agriculture system and demonstrated its effectiveness against three types of error-detection checks: reasonableness, timing, and reversal. Using CPoF, we identified unreasonable environmental conditions and performance degradation via sensor data analysis.
Low-Complexity Decentralized Recommendation System With Similarity Constraints

In recommendation systems (RSs), nowadays, not only the traditional user-item rating matrices but also more additional information like contents, contexts, trust friends and other auxiliary information are available to enhance the performance of RS, leading to content-aware, context-aware, trust-aware RS, etc. Thus, it provides much potential to take into consideration the additional information in RS. Hence, we focus on a general low-rank matrix factorization (LRMF) model with similarity constraints and propose a decentralized algorithm based on alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to relieve the computation burden in each server while preserving privacy. What’s more, we utilize low-complexity skills in numerical analysis to reduce the computational complexity, based on the exploitation of the special form of the problem. Finally, simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of our algorithms.
Handling Backtracking for Symbolic Testing of Embedded Software

Automated testing tools for programs written in IEC 61131-3 standard of programming languages supporting the development of PLC control software is less available. Symbolic execution is a program analysis technique that determines what inputs cause each part of a program to execute. Here, a symbolic execution framework is utilized to achieve test target coverage for control system software. The framework does not ensure optimal feasible paths after backtracking. In this paper an approach using weight calculation is utilized to overcome the drawback. The calculated weight values helps to backtrack to a node, on flipping will result in an optimal feasible path.
HeROS: A simulation platform for heterogeneous robotic swarms

This paper presents HeROS, which is a novel simulation platform for heterogeneous robotic swarms. Compared with some existing simulation platforms, our HeROS (Heterogeneous Robotic Swarms Simulation) platform is more efficient due to its special designed communication methods and framework. Besides, it’s convenient for use since we provide many kinds of control functions with free API’s. It also supports many external libraries, which can be used to develop different simulation tasks. Using our developed platform, a mission of target search and tracking is realized as a case study, where a UAV-UGV heterogeneous system consisting of a UAV and two UGVs is required to search for a ground target and then move close to it. The implementation of the task successfully shows the effectiveness and performance of the HeROS platform.
Compressed Sensing Based Super-Resolution Layer Structure Analysis for Terahertz Time-domain Spectroscopic Imaging System

This paper introduces a super-resolution depth imaging method based on a compressed sensing scheme with reference signal optimization, particular for data obtained out of focus. The inherent problem in the conventional terahertz time-domain spectroscopic (THz-TDS) system is that the depth resolution is considerably degraded due to pulse dispersion at the out-of-focus area. To overcome the above issue, we introduce the compressed sensing (CS) based super-resolution depth imaging, with the appropriate reference signal model. The effectiveness of our method is validated through TDS-THz measured data from double layer structure object.
Robust H∞ filter design for linear time-varying delay systems via the Razumikhin technique

A new method of designing a robust $H\infty$ filter is proposed for a class of linear time-varying delay systems by the Razumikhin technique. Razumikhin-type theorems for the robust $H\infty$ filter which guarantees that the filter error system is globally asymptotic stability and satisfies the prescribed $H\infty$ performance requirement when the system is affected by external disturbances, are established respectively. Among them, the stability condition is achieved by the fact the a delay system will keep stable if the time delay is small enough under the condition that the nominal system of the original system is stable. And the gain of the robust $H\infty$ filter could be obtained by appropriate pole configuration under the condition that the nominal system of the original system is observable. The effectiveness of the proposed design method of the robust $H\infty$ filter is demonstrated by a numerical example.
Assessment of the Cardio-Respiratory Fitness in Young College Going Adults by 1 Mile Walk Test - An Observational Study. -

Study Objective: To assess & compare cardio-respiratory fitness in males and female using 1 Mile Walk Test (Rockport Test). Design: An observational study. Setting: The study was conducted at Singhania University, Department of Physiotherapy, Jhunjunu, Rajasthan. Study Duration: Total time duration was of 6 months & 50 subjects were recruited and assessed during this period. Sample Size: The sample size of 50 (Fifty) subjects were divided into two groups- 25 males (Group A) & 25 females (Group B). Method: A total of 50 subjects were recruited for this study and a pre-participation evaluation was carried out to find the descriptive demographic data, history of any exclusion criteria and all were evaluated for the baseline data of Heart rate, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Blood Pressure prior to starting of the Rockport Test. Outcome Measures: VO2 Maximum, Borg scale. Results: The two-tailed Mann-Whitney U Test yielded p value 0.001, indicative of significant difference between the two groups. Group A VO2 max score was significantly higher than that of Group B. The two-tailed Mann-Whitney U Test yielded p value 0.001, indicative of significant difference between the two groups. Group A Borg RPE score was significantly higher than that of Group B. Conclusion: There was significant difference between the Cardio-Respiratory fitness in young college going males and females.
Community Perception Regarding Mosquito-Borne Diseases with Special Reference to Dengue

The WHO guide for diagnosis treatment and control of dengue haemorrhagic fever has mentioned that source reduction is potentially the ideal method for controlling A. aegypti. Source reduction is the method applied to prevent breeding of mosquito by taking care of the larval breeding sources. It requires public motivation through health education and usually legislation and law enforcement to encourage community participation. Similarly in the control of other vector borne diseases community participation is vital. To develop a suitable health education strategy it is necessary to understand the level of knowledge and perceived risk of the community regarding mosquito-borne infectious diseases to determine what practices the people use to prevent mosquito bites at home to determine media type and specific channels of communication for effective and efficient dissemination of information. (excerpt)
Automatic Classification of Multiple Objects in Automotive Assembly Line

In automotive manufacturing, assembly tasks depend on the correct identification and selection of workpieces, that may belong to more than one type of vehicle to be produced on the same manufacturing line. Usually, those tasks are conducted essentially by humans, which recently have been complemented by artificial perception provided by computer vision systems (CVSs). Despite their relevance, the accuracy of CVSs depend mostly on the environment control, providing appropriate lighting, enclosure and stops for images to be collected. This makes the solution expensive and overrides part of its benefits. This paper proposes a deep learning-based alternative to detect and classify multiple objects in automotive assembly line. Results show that the detection system has acceptable accuracy, it does not require any interventions on the production line, and it keeps its cycle time. The approach is illustrated by two examples of object detection over a real automotive assembly plant.
Fault-Tolerant Controller Based on Integral Sliding Mode With Prescribed Performance for Hypersonic Re-entry Vehicle

This paper investigates a fault-tolerant controller (FTC) for the attitude tracking problem of hypersonic re-entry vehicle(HRV) against unknown actuator faults, which aims at improving both transient behavior and steady-state performance of defective system. Attitude dynamics of re-entry vehicle is modeled as control-oriented form. Based on the form, a FTC combining integral sliding mode with compensation scheme via fault observer is adopted to realize reference command tracking Meanwhile, a prescribed performance function (PPF) is chosen as an important constraint condition to increase convergence rate and reduce steady-state error especially when failure occurs. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed fault-tolerant controller succeeds in attitude tracking with better performance.
Traceability the Flow of Resources in Military Logistics

In the processes of teleinformatic evolution; also in logistics; the primary element of any information is data that needs to be properly ordered, because in all other cases they do not matter, despite the fact that they can be, for example, stored (eg in the form of writing to disk). Quite a lot of entries require only formal collection for records, others are "the need of the moment" and constitute “information waste”. The article is an attempt to present, in technical terms, the need for real-time recording of weapon flows using passive transponders in storage processes.
Smooth Gait Transition Based on CPG Network for A Quadruped Robot

Aiming at achieving smooth gait transition for quadruped robots, we present a Hopf oscillator-based Central Pattern Generator (CPG) with controllable phase relationships in this paper. The proposed CPG controller can facilitate changing parameters to generate different locomotion gaits. Particularly, required phase relationships between every two oscillators can be obtained by modulating the duty factor and relative phases of legs. Therefore, smooth rhythmic signals for gait transition are generated. Moreover, the onset of the gait transition can be designed accurately. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of our controller on a simulated quadruped robot. Smooth and stable transition among walk, trot and pace gait has been achieved. Both transition from walk to trot and trot to pace are finished in a second.
Quaternion Filtering Based on Quaternion Involutions and its Application in Signal Processing

The quaternion gradient plays an important role in quaternion signal processing, and has undergone several modifications. Recently, three methods for obtaining the quaternion gradient have been proposed based on generalized HR calculus, the quaternion product, and quaternion involutions, respectively. The first method introduces the quaternion rotation, which is difficult to calculate and often relies on lookup tables; the second is cumbersome because it depends on all the real and imaginary parts of the variables and parameters; the third transforms the gradient from the quaternion domain to the real domain, and uses real derivatives and the real chain rule. In this paper, we generalize the quaternion involutions method to calculate the quaternion gradient of the quaternion matrix function. Several examples are presented in which the proposed gradient is applied to the adaptive filter, Kalman filter, and kernel filters to solve the associated optimization problems.
3D Vision for Object Grasp and Obstacle Avoidance of a Collaborative Robot

This paper presents a design and experimental study of 3D robotic vision for bin picking and obstacle avoidance. Through the 3D vision algorithm, the robotic picking system is able to analyze the imagery of cluttered objects, classify the objects and estimate the pose of identified objects for grasping. In order to facilitate the robot to work with a human nearby, obstacle avoidance during task execution is developed based on 3D vision. In this design, a RealSense SR300 RGB-D camera is utilized to acquire RGB images and depth images of clustered workpieces. A deep neural network (DNN) approach to object recognition is designed and combined with point cloud segmentation to enhance 3D object-pose estimation for grasping The robot avoids obstacles to assure safe operation during execution of the bin picking task. Practical experiments using a Techman TM5 6-DOF robot arm show that the proposed method effectively accomplishes obstacle avoidance in pick-and-place operations.
Shaping the Emission Pattern of Organic Light Emitting Diodes by using Plasmonic Ag Nanoparticles Arrays

In this work, we investigate the influence of metallic Ag nanoparticles arrays on the optical and electrical properties of organic light emitting diodes (OLED) with the main objective to select, reshape and improve the emission of the device using the plasmonic effects. The considered structures are regular square arrays of nano-cylinders of 100nm diameter. We study various Ag metallic gratings with periods (p) ranging from 190nm to 480nm by a step of 20nm, fabricated by using electron beam lithography technique. The measured extinction spectra of the samples are analyzed experimentally as well as numerically by using FDTD simulations. For instance, fig. 1.a draws the experimental map of the extinction intensity as a function of the grating period and wavelength using a photo-excitation at a normal incidence. This map gives the dispersion of the plasmonic resonances. From that, two gratings types can be distinguished: the so-called short period gratings for p < 300nm, showing only a near field coupling effect which exhibits a plasmonic response known as the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect [2], and the so called long-period gratings that corresponds to the excitation of hybrid resonances [3] showing a dominant far-field coupling effect [4] and called surface lattice resonance (SLR). Fig. 1.b reports the deduced variation of the quality factor of the main two peaks obtained. It indicates that sharp resonances corresponding to high Q quality factors can be obtained in the SLR regime. Therefore, tuning the array parameters offers the possibility to select a specific optical response: near or far field coupling effect.
Iterative Learning Control for Liner Discrete Hyperbolic Distributed Parameter Systems under Randomly Varying Trial Lengths

In this paper, an iterative leaming control (ILC) problem is discussed for discrete spatial-temporal liner first-order hyperbolic distributed parameter systems where the mal lengths vary randomly with the iteration axis. Firstly, for the trial lengths are not fixed in systems, P-type and D-type distributed update schemes containing stochastic variable satisfying Bernoulli distribution are designed. Then, through rigorous theoretical analysis, the convergence condition of output error under mathematical expectation is established. In the end, the effectiveness of the algorithm is performed by numerical simulation.