Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biochemical Characteristics of Lactic Acid Bacteria with Proteolytic Activity and Capability as Starter Culture Isolated From Spontaneous Fermented Local Goat Milk

This study was aimed to isolate Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from spontaneus fermented local goat milk, which had proteolytic activity and used for futher fermentation of goat milk. Isolation of LAB was carried out by MRS Agar and CaCo 3 . Identification species of isolates was conducted according to the Bergeys manual (conventional method) and based on morphological, physiological and biochemical analysis using API 50 CHL kit was also carried out. The results of identification and chemical test showed that 26 isolates were identified as LAB were 16 isolates (61.5%) with rod shape and 10 isolates (38.5%) with cocci shape. Based on proteolytic activity, the isolates composed of two bacteria species namely Lactobacillus plantarum (YN1.1, YN1.3, YN 1.8 and isolates YN 2.25). and the other bacteria was Lactobacillus pentosus (YN 1.6.). five isolates had proteolytic activity, where three of them had the best proteolytic activity namely Lactobacillus plantarum YN 1.1, Lactobacillus plantarum YN 1.3 and Lactobacillus pentosus YN 1.6 . All of these isolates had the ability to ferment goat milk which was indicated by the increase of bacteria viability reaching up to 10 9 cfu/ml and also decreaced of pH value at the final stage of fermentation. It can be concluded that isolated LAB from spontaneous fermented local goat milk could be used as starter culture and could be inproved as commercial product. Keywords: identification, API 50 CHL, Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus pentosus , viability, pH .
The Impact of Inhibitory Controls on Anticipatory Sentence Processing in L2

This study investigates the relationship between anticipatory behaviors and inhibitory controls in L2 learners using a visual world paradigm. Thirty-four college students with high-intermediate English proficiency participated in an eye-tracking experiment and a flanker task. The eye-tracking results show that the participants predict upcoming words, thereby incrementally processing English sentences in a similar manner to L1 speakers. The eye-movement patterns indicate that they actively made use of combinatory information extracted from subject and verb and real-world knowledge. The results from a flanker task, as a measurement of inhibitory controls, reveal that the flanker effect of accuracy, but not the flanker effect of RT, is significantly correlated with anticipatory processing. That is, the participants who responded to the flankers more accurately were better and faster in predicting the target object. In short, our study supports the constraint-based accounts for sentence processing in L2 suggesting that inhibitory controls as an index of cognitive functions can be another constraint on predictive sentence processing.
Recognition method of metal fracture images based on Wavelet kurtosis and Relevance vector machine

The useful information extracted from fracture images is the most fundamental problem of quantitative analysis and intelligent diagnosis of metal fracture. The pattern recognition or classification is the critical issue of failure analysis of metal fracture. In this paper, combining wavelet transform, kurtosis with relevance vector machine (RVM), a new recognition method based on wavelet kurtosis and RVM, which is named wavelet kurtosis-RVM, is proposed. In the proposed method, wavelet kurtosis is used as a feature vector, and RVM as a classifier. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the recognition of fracture images. The proposed method is also compared with the wavelet entropy-RVM recognition method and wavelet kurtosis-SVM recognition method. The experiment result shows that the proposed method is very effective. Compared with the Wavelet entropy-RVM recognition method, Wavelet kurtosis is more sensitive to the texture change of metal fracture and suitable for feature extraction of metal fracture. Compared with the Wavelet kurtosis-SVM recognition method, The proposed method and Wavelet kurtosis-SVM recognition method have the same good recognition rate. However, in the recognition speed, the Wavelet kurtosis-RVM recognition method is obviously superior to the Wavelet kurtosis-SVM recognition method, especially in the increase of training samples.
Structural Ambiguity Interpretation: A Case Study of Arab Learners of English

The aim of this paper is to investigate how Arabic native speakers (non-native speakers of English) interpret English ambiguous sentences. It has been recognized that Arabic native speakers encounter problems with English sentences which involve structural ambiguity. Sixty subjects participated in the experiment. All were university students specialized in English. The subjects were given ambiguous sentences contain prepositional phrases, relative clauses, etc. For instance, prepositional phrases like ‘the girl hit the boy with the book’ in which the prepositional phrase (PP) can be attached either to the verb phrase (VP) or to the preceding noun phrase (NP). It has been recognized that the students face difficulty in interpreting ambiguous structure and generally take the general meaning which can be understood from the sequence of words.
Thermoelectric Refrigeration Principles

This chapter recalls the general principles and main formulations useful in the study of thermoelectric coolers. Starting from the general heat diffusion equation, analytical expressions are introduced for the determination of cooling capacity and rate of heat rejection in steady-state conditions. When dealing with the whole refrigeration system, the limits of the steady-state analysis of the individual thermoelectric elements are pointed out, indicating the need for transient analysis supported by experimental evaluations. Then, the energy indicators are illustrated by considering the electrical power consump- tion, the thermal performance described by the dimensionless figure of merit, as well as the coefficient of performance. Furthermore, the main methods to enhance the thermo- electric cooler performance in refrigeration units are highlighted, with reference to high-performance materials, design aspects and temperature control systems. Finally, indica- tions are reported on some applications of various thermoelectric refrigeration solutions, considering the technical aspects of the performance of these systems. connection and performance of units capacity and
Effects of trans‐Eurasian transport of air pollutants on surface ozone concentrations over Western China

Due to a lack of industrialization in Western China, surface air there was, until recently, believed to be relatively unpolluted. However, recent measurements and modeling studies have found high levels of ozone (O3) there. Based on the state‐of‐the‐science global chemical transport model MOZART‐4, we identify the origin, pathway, and mechanism of trans‐Eurasian transport of air pollutants to Western China in 2000. MOZART‐4 generally simulates well the observed surface O3 over inland areas of China. Simulations find surface ozone concentrations over Western China on average to be about 10 ppbv higher than Eastern China. Using sensitivity studies, we find that anthropogenic emissions from all Eurasian regions except China contribute 10–15 ppbv surface O3 over Western China, superimposed upon a 35–40 ppbv natural background. Transport from European anthropogenic sources to Northwestern China results in 2–6 ppbv O3 enhancements in spring and summer. Indian anthropogenic sources strongly influence O3 over the Tibetan Plateau during the summer monsoon. Transport of O3 originating from emissions in the Middle East occasionally reach Western China and increase surface ozone there by about 1–4 ppbv. These influences are of similar magnitude as trans‐Pacific and transatlantic transport of O3 and its precursors, indicating the significance of trans‐Eurasian ozone transport in hemispheric transport of air pollution. Our study further indicates that mitigation of anthropogenic emissions from Europe, the Indian subcontinent, and the Middle East could benefit public health and agricultural productivity in Western China.
Ayurvedic pharmacology and herbal medicine

Ayurveda, a science of well-being with its unique approaches of social and spiritual life is in practice since centuries in the Indian sub-continent. Approximately, five decades have been passed when it is getting global attention for health benefits of community with its basic principles of healing. New terminology like herbal medicines appeared in contemporary era with a little bit difference at the level of pharmaceutics, but therapeutics is almost same. In this review paper, we have tried to understand the effective mechanism of herbal medicines with ancient Ayurvedic terminology and its correlation with the contemporary researches. Therefore, we have selected some commonly used herbal drugs such as Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.) (Amalaki), Commiphora wightii (Arn.), Bhand (Commiphora mukul) (Guggulu), and one herbo-mineral drug Black Bitumen, or Mineral Pitch (Shilajit) for explanations of thrust and theme of the title. Our methodology to get data is just by referring relevant literature from the ancient Samhita (Charaka Samhita onward) period to contemporary peer-reviewed published papers in journals of repute. Experimental and clinical studies and practices of Amalaki, Guggulu, and Shilajit validated classical claims of the therapeutic effect of these drugs. There is the probability that ancient Ayurvedic pharmacology is at par to express genuineness of herbal medicines.
Nanostructure of Human Aortic Intima in Atherosclerosis ( A Pilot Study )

Материал и методы: Образцы интимы аорты получали из участков с признаками атеросклеротических из менений на различных этапах их формирования. Фрагменты аорт инкубировали в растворе, содержащем цик лодекстрины. В работе использовали раствор препарата НИОДЕКС — пропиленгликолевый эфир бета цикло декстрина. На предметных стеклах с полилизином формировали слой интимы аорты. Образцы помещали в рабочую зону атомного силового микроскопа «Интегра Прима» (NT MDT, РФ) и сканировали поверхности ис следуемых образцов. Число точек сканирования — 512, поля сканирования: 100 100 мкм, 200
Types Of Strategies For The Touristic Firms

to develop new ideas, products, services and destinations. For example, there is aninternational interest in developing niches, which are specific interests and activities thatpeople might find interesting as an activity for their holiday. Recent developments thatcharacterize this include the rise of natural-based ecotourism products, of wine and food-based tourism, following on people’s interests, provides an example of a successfuldevelopment of niche products. With all these roles, researchers as well as governmentshave agreed on the need of development strategies, as a successful and beneficial waytowards the future.
Classification of Reusable Components Based on Clustering

Software reuse is the process of implementing or updating software systems using existing software components. A good software reuse process facilitates the increase of productivity, quality and reliability. It decreases the cost and implementation time as compared to develop new system. Despite its many benefits we cannot achieve its full benefits. The reason behind this is that software reuse is often done in an informal and haphazard way. If done systematically, then we can achieve its full benefits. This research proposes a method through which we will classify the reusable components in proper way to get the full benefits of reusability. We classify the reusable components according to their clusters. Clusters are made on the basis of parameters provided with components. We develop an algorithm for assigning clusters to the reusable components.
Thermal tolerance for two cohorts of a native and an invasive freshwater turtle species

The ability to tolerate environmental stress may determine invasion success of alien species. Comparative data on physiological thermal tolerance between native and invasive vertebrates are quite limited. Here, we assessed the difference in thermal tolerance between a native ( Mauremys reevesii ) and an invasive ( Trachemys scripta elegans ) freshwater turtle species. We incubated eggs of M. reevesii and T. scripta elegans from different cohorts at 29 °C, and measured the critical thermal minimum (CTMin) and maximum (CTMax) of hatchlings. Our results preliminarily showed that the hatchlings of T. scripta elegans had a greater high-temperature tolerance and wider tolerance range than the hatchlings of M. reevesii ; in the two-cohort system, individuals from the high-latitude cohort seemed to have greater low-temperature tolerance but similar high-temperature tolerance compared with those from the low-latitude cohort. Relatively greater thermal tolerance ability for T. scripta elegans might reflect its environmental adaptability to thermal stress.
Simulated annealing for earthquake location

SUMMARY The Metropolis algorithm for simulated annealing has been applied to earthquake location. The method combines linear and non-linear search techniques, and is able to locate events reliably and efficiently. A separation of the spatial and temporal components of the search improves performance. This arises from decoupling the strong correlation between depth and origin time and by taking advantage of the low computational cost of re-computing the misfit for multiple origin times. In addition, a method of generating new models is applied which progressively concentrates attention on more favourable regions while still allowing the algorithm to avoid local minima in the misfit function. In contrast to other non-linear algorithms there is no requirement to explicitly delineate bounds on the hypocentral coordinates. The simulated-annealing technique is an example of a global optimization routine. Consequently, it does not require the computation of derivatives and so can be used with arrival times of multiple phases, azimuth and slowness information and any type of velocity model, including laterally heterogeneous 3-D models, without modification to the basic algorithm. In addition, robust statistical functions describing the data misfit can be easily incorporated. The performance of the algorithm is illustrated on three events with different types of data, including one event with array information. Travel times are calculated relative to the 1-D iasp91 velocity model. In each case, starting from widely separated initial locations the algorithm converges to a region of a few cubic kilometres. This region represents the neighbourhood of the global minimum of the misfit function. By including the maximum amount of available information and using robust statistical functions, the final locations are more accurate than those obtained using linear methods. In addition, the algorithm is able to locate the immediate region of the global minimum with much less computational effort than standard non-linear algorithms.
The Robustness of Urban Rail Transit Network based on Complex Network Theory

The research object is based on public rail transit network of two cities in China. The robustness analysis is carried out on the rail transit network which is constructed by the transfer stations. On the basis of the existing robustness evaluation indexes, we put forward alpha index and isolated node ratio as invulnerability measure of the rail transit network and reviewed the invulnerability of rail transit network under two attack patterns. The simulation results show that the empirical object has the robustness under random attack and vulnerability under malicious attack.
Are we getting better at the preanalytical phase or just better at measuring it

There is now consolidated evidence that the vast majority of laboratory errors occur in the extra-analytical phases of the total testing process, and especially in the preanalytical phase. Although development and dissemination of best practice recommendations for this crucial area of diagnostic testing have greatly contributed to reinforce error identification and reporting strategies, it is also undeniable that the combination of greater consciousness about preanalytical issues and technological advancements have helped decreasing the inherent vulnerability of many preanalytical activities, thus finally making the preanalytical phase less vulnerable to errors, slips and lapses. Many potential strategies can be adopted for reducing preanalytical errors, including education and training of healthcare staff on phlebotomy practice and preanalytical errors, greater observance of available phlebotomy guidelines, dissemination of specimen collection modules or phlebotomist check-lists, certification of phlebotomists, transmission of periodic preanalytical quality reports to phlebotomists, establishment of direct feed-back between laboratory professionals and phlebotomists, use of quality and validated blood collection systems for drawing blood, along with introduction of harmonized means for recording preanalytical errors.
Outgoing Longwave Radiation due to Directly Transmitted Surface Emission

AbstractA frequently used diagram summarizing the annual- and global-mean energy budget of the earth and atmosphere indicates that the irradiance reaching the top of the atmosphere from the surface, through the midinfrared atmospheric window, is 40 W m−2; this can be compared to the total outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) of about 235 W m−2. The value of 40 W m−2 was estimated in an ad hoc manner. A more detailed calculation of this component, termed here the surface transmitted irradiance (STI), is presented, using a line-by-line radiation code and 3D climatologies of temperature, humidity, cloudiness, etc. No assumption is made as to the wavelengths at which radiation from the surface can reach the top of the atmosphere. The role of the water vapor continuum is highlighted. In clear skies, if the continuum is excluded, the global- and annual-mean STI is calculated to be about 100 W m−2 with a broad maximum throughout the tropics and subtropics. When the continuum is included, the clear-sky STI is reduce.
Pricing the European call option in the model with stochastic volatility driven by Ornstein--Uhlenbeck process. Exact formulas

We consider the Black--Scholes model of financial market modified to capture the stochastic nature of volatility observed at real financial markets. For volatility driven by the Ornstein--Uhlenbeck process, we establish the existence of equivalent martingale measure in the market model. The option is priced with respect to the minimal martingale measure for the case of uncorrelated processes of volatility and asset price, and an analytic expression for the price of European call option is derived. We use the inverse Fourier transform of a characteristic function and the Gaussian property of the Ornstein--Uhlenbeck process.
Optimization of airborne wind energy generators

This paper presents novel results related to an innovative airborne wind energy technology, named Kitenergy, for the conversion of high‐altitude wind energy into electricity. The research activities carried out in the last five years, including theoretical analyses, numerical simulations, and experimental tests, indicate that Kitenergy could bring forth a revolution in wind energy generation, providing renewable energy in large quantities at a lower cost than fossil energy. This work investigates three important theoretical aspects: the evaluation of the performance achieved by the employed control law, the optimization of the generator operating cycle, and the possibility to generate continuously a constant and maximal power output. These issues are tackled through the combined use of modeling, control, and optimization methods that result to be key technologies for a significant breakthrough in renewable energy generation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
VARIABILITY OF MESENCHYMAL VEGFR 1, 2, AND 3 PROTEIN EXPRESSION OFHUMANS AND MURINE SPECIES - A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS.

Ahmed Alrabai 1 , Ahmed AL-Hakami 1,2 and Harish C Chandramoorthy 1, 2 . 1. Center for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia 2. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia . Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Attractors in restricted cellular automata

The goal of this note is to extend previous results about the dynamics of cellular automata to «restricted cellular automata». Roughly speaking, a cellular automaton is a rule that updates a configuration of «states» that are arranged along the integer lattice in R. In applications one often thinks of one of these states as «bank» or «quiescent», while the other «active» states evolve against a quiescent background. Often the physically relevant configurations are those with only a finite number of active states. If X 0 is the set of all such states, and if a cellular automaton maps X 0 to X 0 , then its restriction to X 0 is a restricted cellular automaton. The main results show that there are rather strong constraints on the collection of attractors for any restricted cellular automaton. These constraints parallel those described in [H1] for the unrestricted case
Evidence That Initial Obedient Killing Fuels Subsequent Volitional Killing Beyond Effects of Practice

Research using a bug-killing paradigm has suggested that increased initial killing may promote increased subsequent killing. Here, the authors tested whether this effect is due to killing per se or merely due to practice and whether this initial repeated bug killing exerts its effect by desensitizing people or by motivating them to kill more. Participants were asked to place bugs into an “extermination grinder” at their own pace after putting either one or five bugs into the grinder initially. Participants either believed they were actually killing the bugs or knew they were not. Results showed that the initial-killing effect occurred only when people thought they were killing, suggesting this is not merely a practice effect. Also, suggesting a motivational component, among participants who killed five bugs initially, those who believed they were killing went on to kill more than those who knew the killing was simulated.