Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spindle checkpoint silencing at kinetochores with submaximal microtubule occupancy

ABSTRACT The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) ensures proper chromosome segregation by monitoring kinetochore–microtubule interactions. SAC proteins are shed from kinetochores once stable attachments are achieved. Human kinetochores consist of hundreds of SAC protein recruitment modules and bind up to 20 microtubules, raising the question of how the SAC responds to intermediate attachment states. We show that one protein module (‘RZZS-MAD1-MAD2’) of the SAC is removed from kinetochores at low microtubule occupancy and remains absent at higher occupancies, while another module (‘BUB1-BUBR1’) is retained at substantial levels irrespective of attachment states. These behaviours reflect different silencing mechanisms: while BUB1 displacement is almost fully dependent on MPS1 inactivation, MAD1 (also known as MAD1L1) displacement is not. Artificially tuning the affinity of kinetochores for microtubules further shows that ∼50% occupancy is sufficient to shed MAD2 and silence the SAC. Kinetochores thus respond as a single unit to shut down SAC signalling at submaximal occupancy states, but retain one SAC module. This may ensure continued SAC silencing on kinetochores with fluctuating occupancy states while maintaining the ability for fast SAC re-activation. Highlighted Article: To finalize mitosis, half-maximal occupancy of kinetochores by microtubules is sufficient to overcome the inhibitory effect of the spindle assembly checkpoint.
COMPARISON OF BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) LINES WITH REGISTERED CULTIVARS IN TERMS OF YIELD AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS

The study was carried out under rainfall conditions during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 growing seasons in Diyarbakir province of Turkey. The experiment had designed as a randomized block design with 3 replications. The aim of the study was to determine the lines that were superior in terms of yield and quality to the varieties. The experimental material consisted of 20 bread wheat lines and 5 standard varieties. According to the results of variance analysis; significant differences were observed between genotypes in all features at 1%. Grain yield (GY) had a significant positive relationship with test weight (TW), and a significant negative relationship with wet gluten (WG). Also, grain hardness (GH) (PSI: Particle size index) had significant negative relationship with TW, and a significant positive relationship with plant height (PH) and heading time (HT). 4 lines in grain yield, 3 lines in test weight, 1 line in protein content, 4 lines in zeleny sedimentation and 1 line in wet gluten showed superior performance than all standards. It is concluded that the G19 and G24 lines may be candidates for registration.
Providing Female Models and Promoting Vocations: A Practical Experience in STEM Fields

STEM disciplines present a low number of female vocations. In the Campus of Ourense (University of Vigo), women from Science and Engineering fields have promoted a non-university student’s competition and a fair called “eXXperimenta en feminino” in order to make visible the role of women in STEM to students of secondary and high school. The motivation behind these actions is to highlight the role of women in the STEM disciplines and attract female students to those studies, which have a low percentage of enrollment of women. The results and conclusions of those initiatives are presented in this work. Regarding the opinions provided by participants, the events have achieved a high satisfaction level.
A Distributed Luenberger Observer for Linear State Feedback Systems With Quantized and Rate-Limited Communications

This article addresses the problem of simultaneous distributed state estimation, and control of linear systems with linear state feedback, subjected to process, and measurement noise, under the constraints of quantized, and rate-limited network data transmission. In the set-up adopted, sensors and actuators communicate through a network with a strongly connected topology. Unlike the case of centralized linear systems, for which the separation principle holds, the above practical assumption prevents the separate design of observers, and controller because each of the nodes does not necessarily have access to the control inputs generated at all the other nodes. We derive a linear distributed Luenberger observer, and a set of sufficient conditions that guarantee ultimate boundedness of the estimation error, and system state vectors, with bounds that depend on the $\mathcal {L}_{\infty }$ norm of the noise signals, and the number of bits used in the transmissions. A numerical example illustrates the performance and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in controlling a network of open-loop unstable systems.
A Robust Controller for a Grid-Tied Inverter Connected Through an LCL Filter

This article presents a control strategy for three-phase inverters connected to grids through an LCL output filter. For this topology, it is known that when output current and capacitor current are fed back through certain optimal gains, the system is unfailingly unstable for a grid inductance value called “critical. ” For the critical inductance value, the system's resonance frequency is equal to one-sixth of the sampling frequency. In this article, it is first checked that capacitor voltage positive feedback can stabilize this system. In addition, it is found that there exists a proportional relationship between the common coupling point voltage and the capacitor voltage. Based on this relationship, it is proposed to add grid voltage feedforward instead of capacitor voltage feedback for obtaining a stable system for every grid inductance value, including the critical value. In order to validate our assertion, this control law is tested via simulations and also, experiments on a prototype are included. Simulation and experimental results show the good performance of the proposed scheme.
Hotel Marketing Policy: Role of Rating in Consumer Decision Making

Tourism is a rapidly developing industry, covering a significant part of the gross domestic product. Understanding clients and meeting their needs is a dominant role to meet the economic objectives of accommodation facilities. The primary objective of the article is to evaluate the sentiment of the customers rating in the purpose of stays at top hotels in the Visegrad Group countries. This objective was accomplished based on exploratory analysis, sentiment analysis, and polarity analysis of various types of hotel stays (business travelers, couples, friends, family, and solo travelers). The analysis included 117 hotels from the Visegrad Group countries (the Czech Republic = 39-33.3%; Hungary = 15-12.8%; Poland = 56-47.9%; Slovak Republic = 7-6%) and input into analysis were obtained from online booking portal TripAdvisor during July in 2019. The analysis featured 22,400 customer reviews. The exploratory analysis made use of the frequency word cloud charts and association tables. In this section, it was found that there were no significant differences between the concept and syntax. The only difference is noticeable in solo travelers. The sentiment analysis assessed the relative frequencies of the sentiment, where significant differences were found in three of the ten analyzed areas - positive, trust, sadness. The last part of the analyzes assessed polarity (negative or positive review). However, no significant difference was found. Overall, the polarity of the positive outputs exceeded that of the negative outputs. Differential tests such as ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, or Welch test were used to process the previous two parts. The choice of tests was justified by the outcomes of outliers and variance variability. The study points to perfect implementation of customer-oriented marketing theories in the hotels in question, as evidenced by relatively high values of specific areas of sentiment and relatively low differences between customer categories in terms of the type of their stay. Keywords: the sentiment, polarity, hotel, word cloud, difference analysis, Visegrad group, customer satisfaction.
Reduced-Order Controllers Using Integrated Controller-Plant Dynamics Approach for Grid-Connected Inverters

This article presents a new way to achieve reduced-order controllers using an integrated controller-plant dynamics approach. The proposed method combines the controller and plant dynamics to achieve specific overall control functionalities. The method is applied to a grid-connected inverter that conventionally uses second-order proportional-resonant (PR) and proportional-integrating (PI) transfer functions. The proposed approach replaces a third-order PR+PI function with a first-order PI function without compromising its features. The approach is to integrate the dynamics of the inverter and its output filter with the PI function to achieve a PR functionality. The proposed approach not only obviates the computational and digital implementation challenges pertaining to the PR compensators, it also results in a generally more robust and stable operation of the inverter in practical grid conditions. Detailed theoretical analysis, simulations, comparisons, and laboratory experiments are presented to elucidate various aspects of the proposed method.
Fescue toxicosis and its influence on the rumen microbiome: mitigation of production losses through clover isoflavones

ABSTRACT This review highlights concerns with endophyte-infected tall fescue as a primary forage base in the southeastern United States and discusses specific physiological and ruminal effects caused by consumption of ergot alkaloids. Additionally, in an effort to promote various mitigation strategies to abate production limitations caused by fescue toxicosis, this review discusses the use of cool-season legumes, specifically red clover, with the already established forage base. Clovers are often mixed into pastures and help improve animal performance. Clovers contain phytoestrogenic compounds known as isoflavones that may be beneficial in reducing physiological limitations with consumption of endophyte-infected tall fescue.
Analysis of Determinants of Sesame Marketed Surplus. The Case of Gida Ayana Districts, Western Oromia, Ethiopia

A higher marketed surplus would help farmers to participate in a high value markets by increasing their level of income which in turn contribute to the economic development and poverty alleviation. The objective of this paper is to estimate the marketed surplus of sesame by smallholders and to identify its underlying determinants. A two-stage random sampling procedure was employed and a total of 122 smallholder farmers from four kebeles were randomly and proportionately sampled to collect both secondary and primary sources. The results of econometric analysis showed that sesame marketed surplus was significantly affected by education of the household head, farming experience, yield, frequency of extension contact, land allocated to sesame production, access to market information, and distance from the market The findings of the study suggest that strengthening the provision of formal and informal education, improving farmers’ access to improved and disease resistance seed variety, improving and strengthening institutional services, intensifying inputs on the land allocated to sesame production, and providing adequate updated market information are required. Key words: - Marketed surplus, Sesame, Multiple linear regression DOI: 10.7176/JMCR/70-03 Publication date: August 31 st 2020
Atlantic puffin diet reflects haddock and redfish abundance in the Gulf of Maine

Ecosystem-based fisheries management, which considers the interactions between fisheries, target species, and the physical and biological components of ecosystems, is necessary to ensure that directed fisheries avoid adverse impacts to ecosystems over the long term. The successful implementation of ecosystem-based fisheries management requires an understanding of predator− prey relationships and ways to operationalize such relationships to inform fisheries management. Here, we investigated if the diet of a generalist predator, Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica, can be used as an indicator of the abundance of 2 commercially exploited prey species (haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus and Acadian redfish Sebastes fasciatus) in the Gulf of Maine. Because haddock and redfish eaten by puffins are juveniles (age 0), there is potential to use their proportions and lengths in puffin diet to better understand the processes influencing haddock and redfish recruitment. By using principal component analysis to develop measures of diet across multiple puffin colonies, we show both spatial variation and large-scale patterns in the proportions and lengths of haddock and redfish in puffin diet. Spawning stock biomass was a strong predictor of haddock proportion in puffin diet and a moderate predictor of redfish proportion; however, proportions in puffin diet did not predict age-1 recruitment, suggesting that variation in recruitment is caused by processes that occur after the puffin breeding season and which affect the survival of older juveniles. Haddock length on one colony was a moderate predictor of age-1 recruitment. We conclude that puffin diet can be used as an indicator of haddock and redfish abundance.
Blood Pressure Increase and Incidence of Hypertension in Relation to Inflammation-Sensitive Plasma Proteins

Objective— The reasons for the relationship between inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) and incidence of cardiovascular diseases are poorly understood. This study explored the hypothesis that ISPs are associated with future hypertension and age-related blood pressure increase. Method and Results— Blood pressure and plasma levels of fibrinogen, α1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and orosomucoid were determined in 2262 healthy men aged 35 to 50 years, initially without treatment for hypertension. The cohort was re-examined after 15.7 (±2.2) years. Incidence of hypertension and blood pressure increase was studied in relation to number of elevated proteins (ie, in the top quartile) at baseline. Among men without treatment for hypertension at follow-up, mean (±SD) increase in systolic blood pressure was 18.8±17, 19.2±17, 19.3±17, and 22.1±18 mm Hg, respectively, for men with 0, 1, 2, and ≥3 elevated proteins (P for trend=0.02, adjusted for confounders). The corresponding values for pulse pre.
Quantification of Minerals in Some Members of Family Asteraceae

This study reports mineral content in the leaves of some medicinal belongin to family Asteraceae viz. Artemisia nilagirica Pump. , Blumea eriantha DC. , Cythocline purpurea Buch. , and Sphaeranthus indicus L. Mineral composition varies from plant to plant and i.e. directly related to their mineral nutrient status.
High-fidelity mixed species entanglement of trapped ions

High-Fidelity Mixed Species Entanglement of Trapped Ions Keshav Thirumalai A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Michaelmas term 2019 Oriel College, Oxford Harnessing quantum mechanics to solve problems intractable on classical computers is one of the foremost goals of applied physics. Trapped ions make an excellent physical platform for such a quantum computer, as they have demonstrated unparalleled qubit operation fidelities and memory times, but significant challenges remain in scaling up these systems. A promising scalable architecture is a photonically connected network of mixed element trapped ion nodes, each containing a few ions of two species. Poor quality remote entanglement links between nodes can be tolerated, if entanglement between ions in the same node can be achieved with high fidelity. While local gates have been repeatedly demonstrated between ions of the same species, the fidelity of mixed element quantum gates have not previously surpassed the fault tolerant threshold, above which errors can in principle be corrected. In this thesis we demonstrate an entangling operation between 43Ca+, useful for its long lived qubits, and 88Sr+, well suited for remote entanglement, using a novel mechanism requiring only one laser to manipulate both species. This relatively simple scheme, which is independent of either qubit frequency, allows us to achieve Bell state fidelities of F = 99.8(1)%. We assess the operation of the gate further with state and process tomography, which achieve Bell state fidelity F = 98.1% and average gate fidelity F = 99.05(6)% respectively, though they are hampered by experimental drifts during the long data collection. Finally, we use interleaved randomised benchmarking to get the best estimate of our gate errors, finding an average gate fidelity of F = 99.62(3)% for a sequence of 60 interleaved gates. Along with a demonstration of entanglement between two 88Sr+ ions, achieved with fidelity F = 95.9(4)%, this work paves the way towards demonstrating an elementary mixed species quantum network in future experiments.
Genetic Diversity and DNA Barcoding of Yam Accessions from Southern Nigeria

Knowledge of genetic diversity and barcoding of yam is lacking in Enugu and Ebonyi States of southern Nigeria. Therefore, DNA barcoding was used to facilitate identification and biodiversity studies of yam species from Southern Nigeria. Seventy five yam accessions were collected from Enugu and Ebonyi States, including International Institute of Tropical Agriculture for DNA extraction and amplification using a chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) marker. There was high level of similarity among the accessions and presence of 534 conserved and 7 variable sites. A transversional mutation of G/T at a consensus position of 335 was identified followed by transitions at 362 (A/G), 368 (A/G), 371 (C/T) and 391 (C/T) within the accessions. Phylogeny resolved the yam accessions into ten major groups with their bootstrap values ranging from 0 - 100. Phylogenetic diversity was highest in group X, followed by VII, VI and IX. The inter-group genetic distance based on Kimura 2-parameter model ranged from 0.5000 ± 0.4770 - 5.0560 ± 2.5760, while the intra-group had 0.5250 ± 0.5000 - 2.0103 ± 1.2579. The mean genetic diversity within the entire population was 0.7970 ± 0.06910. BLAST analysis of total bit score, query coverage, and percentage identity were in the ranges of 411 - 1011, 99% - 100% and 97% - 100%, respectively. However, the rbcL could not resolve the yam accessions well following the comparative assessment of some discrepancies in the detected number of species from phylogenetic groupings, genetic diversity indices and NCBI BLAST hits, thereby, exposing the inefficiency of this marker in discriminating the yam accessions. It was demonstrated that rbcL is not an effective marker; therefore, it should not be recommended as a standard-alone marker of choice for DNA barcoding of yam accessions, especially, when accurate identification, discrimination and estimation of genetic diversity of this vital crop are of paramount importance for crop improvement and germplasm conservation.
Joint Access Control and Resource Allocation for Short-Packet-Based mMTC in Status Update Systems

In this article, we investigate the performance of massive machine type communications (mMTC) in status update systems, where massive machine type communication devices (MTCDs) send status packets to the BS for system monitoring. However, massive MTCDs sending status packets to the BS will cause severe packet collisions, which will have a negative impact on status update performance. In this case, it is necessary to carry out reasonable access control and resource allocation scheme to improve the status update performance for mMTC. In this article, taking the features of mMTC into consideration, we first analyze access control, packet collisions and packet errors in mMTC respectively, and derive the closed-form expression of the average age of information for all MTCDs as the performance metric, and then propose a joint access control, frame division and subchannel allocation scheme to improve the overall status update performance. Simulation and numerical results verify the correctness of theoretical results and show that our proposed scheme can achieve almost the same performance as the exhaustive search method and outperforms benchmark schemes.
The Impact of Government Expenditures on Unemployment: A Case Study of Jordan

In this paper, we estimate the effects of Government spending on unemployment in Jordan for the period 1990 to 2019. By using the ARDL co-integration test we found a negative and statistically significant long-run relationship between government spending and the unemployment rate in Jordan. An increase in government spending by a per cent of GDP is found to reduce unemployment by about 0.43 percentage points in the same year. We also noticed that, in the short-run, government spending has a positive and significant impact on unemployment.
A scenario construction and similarity measurement method for navy combat search and rescue

Navy combat search and rescue (NCSAR) is an important component of the modern maritime warfare and the scenario of NCSAR is the basis for decision makers to rely on. According to the core elements in the NCSAR process, the NCSAR scenario structure is constructed from seven perspectives based on the multi-view architecture framework. According to the NCSAR scenarios evolution over time, the NCSAR scenario sequence is analyzed and modeled based on the concept lattice method. Then, the incremental construction algorithm of the NCSAR scenario sequence lattice is given. On this basis, the similarity measurement index of NCSAR scenarios is defined, and the similarity measurement model of NCSAR scenarios is proposed. Finally, the rationality of the method is verified by an example analysis. The NCSAR scenario and similarity measurement method proposed can provide scientific guidance for rapid making, dynamic adjustment and implementation of the NCSAR program, and thus improve the efficiency and effectiveness of NCSAR.
Theory and Empirics of the Institutional Evolution of Economic Development: An Application to Korean Economy

This study empirically applies the theory of institutional requirement for economic development to explain Korea’s modern history of economic development. The study theoretically derives the argument that the economic discrimination (ED) policy regime “rewarding high performance relative to low performance” is the necessary condition for economic development, whereas the economic egalitarianism (EE) policy regime “disregarding the differences of performances” is the sufficient condition for economic stagnation. The paper then describes some details of the institutional evolution of Korean economy for the last 60 years and presents three testable hypotheses for Korea’s development history. 1) Institution-led growth hypothesis: The rise and fall of Korea’s economic growth was respectively led by the ED and EE policy regimes. 2) Corporate-led growth hypothesis: The rise and fall of Korea’s economic growth was led by the rise and fall of the corporate sector growth instigated by the ED and EE policy regimes, respectively; and 3) Political cycle of economic growth: The rise and fall of Korea’s economic growth was led by the political cycle of economization of politics and politicization of economy, respectively. These hypotheses are empirically verified by utilizing a new model of corporate production function. Policy implication is that Korea’s current economic difficulties can only be cured by reversing the current anti-corporate EE policy regime to the corporate-friendly ED policy regime.