Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERCEPATAN ADOPSI SISTEM TRANSAKSI TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKSESIBILITAS LAYANAN JASA PERBANKAN

E-money had potential as an effective transaction payment tool especially for micro transactions, but publicadoption level was relatively low. The research object was to find the factors that influenced the acceptance levelof e-Money in customer and business user, to develop an acceleration of adoption strategy of e-Money in thepublic. The research methods used in this research were Descriptive and Verificative methods. The respondentsconsisted of customer and business user in Bandung. The sample was chosen purposively. The respondentsfrom business user shown that e-money performance which considered good was transaction speed, easiness toturn into cash, operational easiness and low transaction cost.
Studying “ the effect of change on change ” : a different viewpoint

When a causal variable and its presumed effect are measured at two time points in a cohort study, most researchers prefer to fit some type of a change model. Many of them believe that such an analysis is superior to a cross-sectional analysis because change models estimate “the effect of change on change”, which sounds epistemologically stronger than “a cross-sectional association”. In this article I trace two regression models of change to their cross-sectional origin and explain that these models do not test anything conceptually different from cross-sectional models. A change model is superior to a cross-sectional model because it corresponds to a self-matched design. Therefore, the main advantage of regressing “change on change” is complete control of time-stable confounders.
Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship: Two Components of Business Creation

A common finding in the entrepreneurship literature is that business creation increases in recessions. This counter-cyclical pattern is examined by separating business creation into two components: “opportunity” and “necessity” entrepreneurship. Although there is general agreement in the previous literature on the conceptual distinction between these two factors driving entrepreneurship, there are many challenges to creating a definition that is both objective and empirically feasible. We propose an operational definition of opportunity versus necessity entrepreneurship using readily available nationally representative data. We create a distinction between the two types of entrepreneurship based on the entrepreneur’s prior work status that is consistent with the standard theoretical economic model of entrepreneurship. Using this definition we document that “opportunity” entrepreneurship is pro-cyclical and “necessity” entrepreneurship is counter-cyclical. We also find that “opportunity” vs. “necessity” entrepreneurship is associated with the creation of more growth-oriented businesses. The operational distinction proposed here may be useful for future research in entrepreneurship.
The use of bradykinin‐induced effects in rats as an assay for analgesic drugs

Sm,-Guzman, Braun, Lim, Potter & Rogers (1964) and Lim, Guzman, Rogers, Goto, Braun, Dickerson & Engle (1964) used the responses of dogs to intra-arterial injection of badykinin as a means of assessing analgesics. We have adapted this method to rats. Bradykinin was injected into the right common carotid artery of unanaesthetised Wistar male rats, weighing from 280 to 320 g. The injections were made through a polyethylene catheter (internal diameter, 0.5 mm), inserted centripetally under light ether anaesthesia into the carotid artery. The catheter passed through the subcutaneous tissues to protrude from the back of the animal. After recovery from anaesthesia, the rats behaved normally. Bradykinin, tested 1 hr after recovery, produced dextro-rotation of the head, flexion of the right forelimb and occasionally squeaking. For each rat, we measured the minimum dose of bradykinin required to provoke these effects. This ranged from 0.125 to 0.500 pglrat and was always dissolved in normal saline, 0.2 ml. Of 162 animals, the threshold of bradykinin was found to be higher than 0.500 pg in two rats only and these were discarded. If the injection was made into the left carotid artery, the same symptoms occurred at the corresponding side. However, doses of bradykinin up to 1-5 pg were less active than those described above. We have tested codeine phosphate, phenacetin, acetylsalicylic acid, aminopyrine, phenylbutazone sodium and methadone bitartrate against the bradykinin effects. The compounds, suspended in 5% gum acacia solution or dissolved in normal saline, were injected (0.250 m1/100 g) intraperitoneally or subcutaneously. The threshold dose of bradykinin was injected 15 min after and subsequently at 5 min intervals, until the bradykinin effect reappeared. The criterion chosen for evaluating protection was the disappearance of the bradykinin effect after at least two consecutive doses of the polypeptide. Rats which did not recover the normal sensitivity were discarded. Each rat received one drug at one dose level. The ED50 values are given in Table 1.
Chapter 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Interstitial Lung Disease

The development of family registries and the banking of deoxyribonucleic acid has enabled researchers to search for a marker for familial PH on chromosome 2q 31/32. As a result, the bone morphogenetic protein factor receptor type 2 gene (BMPR2) on chromosome 2q 33, having 13 exons, was discovered. Mutations in familial PH have been reported in all exons except for 5 and 13. Humbert et al. [1] cited mutations of BMPR2 in PH associated with fenfluramine derivates. These data are concordant with the working hypothesis that gene–gene or gene– environmental interactions are required for PH. Conversely, Morse et al. [2] and Tew el al. [3], who studied patients with scleroderma and PH, did not find the presence of BMPR2 mutations. Recently, Trembart et al. [4] have found a second PH gene in some patients with hereditary hemorrhagic teleangectasia lesions whose mutation in active/like kinase type/1 (ALK1) receptor confers a predisposition to PH and hereditary hemorrhagic teleangectasia lesions. Both BMPR2 and ALK1 genes are two receptors in the transforming grown factor (TGF)-β family. Multiple genetic causes associated with PH are summarised in Fig. 2.1. Du et al. [5,6] have described the genetic mechanism of PH. According to their hypothesis, an unknown stimulus involved in the TGF-β receptor pathway increases angiopoietin-1 and its receptor TIE2, which decreases the BMPR1A receptor. The latter is required for the optimization of the BMPR2A receptor. Mutant forms of BMPR2A and mALK1 are associated with familial forms of PH, and both are involved in signaling through growth promoting proteins, which finally stimulate vascular smooth muscle remodelling. The study of genes associated with the risk of acquiring PH is complex from a statistical point of view. PH is probably the result of an interaction between the BMPR2 genes with environmental factors and will be continue to be a subject of future investigations.
Physical and biological dosimetry for risk perception in radioprotection

The increase in ionizing radiation (IR) applications, especially nuclear, has been followed by the growth of public concern for the potential associated risks. The publics perception of such risks is often based on the philosophy that IR is harmful at any exposure level. On the other hand, although radiation workers have knowledge about the nature of IR and its potential health effects, the relationship between absorbed dose and risk is not well understood, principally for low doses. This report presents an overview of physical and biological dosimetry as complementary methodologies, as well as their possible contribution for improving risk perception in radioprotection.
Influence of tourism on the employment in Vojvodina

Almost as a rule, agriculture is the main activity in economically weakly developed countries and regions. Later, parallel with economic development, the share of agriculture in forming national or regional product declines, whereas the share of industry increases. After the phase of industry expansion, its importance gradually declines, while tertiary activities gain larger importance (Kicošev, Bubalo, 1999). Currently, underdeveloped countries anticipate tourism as the initiator of their development (increase of employment, development of economy, income increase – especially foreign tourism, increase in national income, etc.). During the period observed (19752000), the number of people engaged in agriculture in Vojvodina fell from 75.000 to 44.106, i.e. from 15.3% to 10.6%; a fact that indicates a large economic transformation of this area. However, there are still some settlements in Vojvodina dominated by people actively employed in agriculture. For example, these are in western and southeastern parts of Srem. The share of persons employed in industry and mining constantly grows during the almost whole period and according to data from 1998. it represents 40.1% of all the activities, when its slow fall starts and in 2000. it represents 39.7%. Financial and other services experience similar tendencies, where a share of those employed in all activities grew from 1.8% to 3.7%. The same applies to education and culture where it grew from 6.6% to 9.2%; whereas in healthcare and social protection it almost doubled from 5.0% to 9.07%. Since 1987. traffic, trade, civil engineering, tourism and hotel industry experience the growth in a number of employed people, while from the beginning of the 1990s the share of these activities in a total economy of Vojvodina decreased. A negative trend of persons employed in tourism in Vojvodina is worrying since it is necessary that a much larger number of people is included in the development of tourism. Handicraft is an economic activity that experienced negative development in a period observed. The number and share of persons employed in handicraft constantly declined and is the result of a more dynamic development of industry. This is where the downward progress is most obvious because since 1975. from 5.9% it fell to 1.2% (year 2000). The number and share of persons employed in administration and civil services, as well as in waterpower engineering, and also in forestry and housing-municipal activities changed only a bit during the period observed.
Initial Inventory of 3D Cadastre Use Cases in the Caribbean

As argued in many earlier FIG publications, the potential benefits of 3D Cadastre are huge. This is especially true in the Caribbean setting with quite dense urban areas and large and important marine areas, where rights (restrictions and responsibilities; RRRs) in 3D is a prerequisite for the blue economy. The Caribbean with a plethora of 3D use cases present, limited legacy data and systems, and a relative small size, is an excellent site for establishing an integrated 2D/3D Cadastral registration. Such a future system will support sustainable development of the Caribbean in the economic sense, while protecting the environmental values and human values (based on legislation and tools to support this). This paper will present an initial inventory of 11 different relevant 3D Cadastre use cases in the Caribbean (from Aruba, Bonaire and Trinidad&Tobago). This initial inventory gives an indication of the multi-disciplinary nature and importance of the topic, but will also be used for scoping the future development.
KappaB-Ras binds to the unique insert within the ankyrin repeat domain of IkappaBbeta and regulates cytoplasmic retention of IkappaBbeta x NF-kappaB complexes.

The IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta proteins inhibit the transcriptional potential of active NF-kappaB dimers through stable complex formation. It has been shown that inactive IkappaBalpha x NF-kappaB complexes shuttle in and out of the nucleus, whereas IkappaBbeta x NF-kappaB complexes are retained exclusively in the cytoplasm of resting cells. The biochemical mechanism underlying this functional difference and its consequences are unknown. Although the two IkappaB proteins are significantly homologous, IkappaBbeta contains a unique 47-amino acid insertion of unknown function within its ankyrin repeat domain. In this study, we assess the role of the IkappaBbeta insert in regulating cytoplasmic retention of IkappaBbeta.NF-kappaB complexes. Deletion of the IkappaBbeta insert renders IkappaBbeta x NF-kappaB complexes capable of shuttling between the nucleus and cytoplasm, similar to IkappaBalpha x NF-kappaB complexes. A small Ras-like G-protein, kappaB-Ras, participates with the IkappaBbeta insert to effectively mask the NF-kappaB nuclear localization potential. Similarly, a complex between NF-kappaB and a mutant IkappaBbeta protein containing four serine to alanine mutations within its C-terminal proline, glutamic acid, serine, and threonine-rich sequence exhibits nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. This suggests a phosphorylation state-dependent role for the C-terminal proline, glutamic acid, serine, and threonine-rich sequence of IkappaBbeta in proper localization of IkappaBbeta x NF-kappaB complexes. These results are consistent with structural studies, which predicted that binary IkappaBbeta x NF-kappaB complexes should be capable of nuclear translocation, and with previous observations that hypophosphorylated IkappaBbeta.NF-kappaB complexes can reside in the nucleus.
Influence of NG‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester on vagally induced gastric relaxation in the anaesthetized rat

1 . The influence of the nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis inhibitor NG‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME) on the gastric relaxation induced by peripheral vagal stimulation was investigated in the anaesthetized rat. 2 . Peripheral vagal stimulation (10 Hz, 10 V, 1 ms for 20 s) induced a reproducible biphasic response: a short‐lasting increase followed by a more pronounced decrease in intragastric pressure. This response also occurred in reserpinized animals (5 mg kg−1, i.p., 24 h before the experiment) while atropine (1 mg kg−1, i.v.) abolished the initial increase in intragastric pressure. 3 . l‐NAME (1–30 mg kg−1, i.v.) induced an increase in arterial blood pressure. l‐NAME (1 mg kg−1, i.v.) had no influence on the vagally induced gastric response while l‐NAME (10 and 30 mg kg−1 i.v.) significantly changed it: the initial increase in intragastric pressure was enhanced while the decrease in intragastric pressure was reduced or abolished. NG‐nitro‐l‐arginine (l‐NNA, 10 mg kg−1, i.v.) had the same effect. 4 . An i.v. infusion of phenylephrine (10 μg kg−1 min−1) inducing a pressor response similar to that produced by l‐NAME (30 mg kg−1, i.v.) did not influence the vagal gastric response. Infusion of l‐arginine (300 mg kg−1 bolus, then 100 mg kg−1 h−1) starting 30 min beforehand, reduced the pressor effect and prevented the influence of l‐NAME (10 mg kg−1, i.v.) on the vagal gastric response. After injection of both atropine (1 mg kg−1, i.v.) and l‐NAME (30 mg kg−1, i.v.), the vagally induced decrease in intragastric pressure was similar to that obtained under control conditions. 5 . These results are consistent with NO being released and inducing gastric relaxation during peripheral vagal stimulation. In addition to NO, another inhibitory non‐adrenergic non‐cholinergic neurotransmitter is released.
An Evolutionary Approach to International Environmental Agreements with Full Participation

Under two often employed imitation mechanisms, we show that an international environmental agreement with full participation can be the unique stochastically stable equilibrium if countries' efficiency of emission reductions is high. By contrast, if the efficiency of emission reduction is low, no agreement among countries to reduce emissions will be the unique stochastically stable equilibrium. We provide the convergence rates to these two equilibria as well. In addition, it is demonstrated that the equilibria are affected by different imitation rules and model's parameters, such as marginal benefits and costs of emission reduction and the number of participating countries.
Experimental mouse models for hepatocellular carcinoma research

Every year almost 500,000 new patients are diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary malignancy of the liver that is associated with a poor prognosis. Numerous experimental models have been developed to define the pathogenesis of HCC and to test novel drug candidates. This review analyses several mouse models useful for HCC research and points out their advantages and weaknesses. Chemically induced HCC mice models mimic the injury‐fibrosis‐malignancy cycle by administration of a genotoxic compound alone or, if necessary, followed by a promoting agent. Xenograft models develop HCC by implanting hepatoma cell lines in mice, either ectopically or orthotopically; these models are suitable for drug screening, although extrapolation should be considered with caution as multiple cell lines must always be used. The hollow fibre assay offers a solution for limiting the number of test animals in xenograft research because of the ability for implanting multiple cell lines in one mouse. There is also a broad range of genetically modified mice engineered to investigate the pathophysiology of HCC. Transgenic mice expressing viral genes, oncogenes and/or growth factors allow the identification of pathways involved in hepatocarcinogenesis.
His-384 Allotypic Variant of Factor H Associated with Age-related Macular Degeneration Has Different Heparin Binding Properties from the Non-disease-associated Form*

A polymorphism in complement factor H has recently been associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. A histidine rather than a tyrosine at residue position 384 in the mature protein increases the risk of AMD. Here, using a recombinant construct, we show that amino acid 384 is adjacent to a heparin-binding site in CCP7 of factor H and demonstrate that the allotypic variants differentially recognize heparin. This functional alteration may affect binding of factor H to polyanionic patterns on host surfaces, potentially influencing complement activation, immune complex clearance, and inflammation in the macula of AMD patients.
The Role of Social Commerce on Consumer Decisions: A Theoretical Foundation

The advent of social commerce phenomenon has largely started gaining attention in consumer behavior literature. Apparently, social commerce has shifted more power from the seller to the buyer and predominately fueled to strengthen e-commerce acceptance. Thus, understanding consumer behavior in the context of social commerce adoption has become inevitable for business organizations that aim at elevating their bottomline, competitiveness and ensuring sustainability. Moreover, social ties facilitated in social commerce enable trust as the most promising benefit while alleviating the perceived risk, which was the major striking concerns with online commerce over the years. Though examining the influence of social commerce on consumer behavior and decision making is started getting scholarly attention recently, adequate explanatory model laid on the relevant theoretical foundation in this regard is still fragmented. Consequently, researchers constructed this theoretical foundation with the intention of enriching extant literature and to lay a formal groundwork for investigating this phenomenon. Hence, this paper aimed to comprehend: the nature of online social networks, emerging social commerce phenomenon, the role of social support in social commerce and influence of social commerce on consumer decisions respectively.
Studies on the Processivity of Maize DNA Polymerase 2, an [alpha]-Type Enzyme

This paper describes studies on the processivity of an [alpha]-type DNA polymerase from maize (Zea mays L.) embryonic axes, designated as DNA polymerase 2. Using poly(dA)/oligo(dT) as template, DNA polymerase 2 has a processivity of 18 ([plus or minus]5) nucleotides incorporated, a value much lower than that found for wheat [alpha]-type DNA polymerase (P. Laquel, S. Litvak, M. Castroviejo [1993] Plant Physiol 102: 107–114). Conditions that maximally stimulate enzyme activity, such as 100 mM KCl and 12 mM Mg2+, are strongly inhibitory of processivity and cause the enzyme to become distributive under these conditions. Optimal concentrations for processivity are 10 mM KCl and 1 to 2 mM Mg2+. Both enzyme activity and processivity were found to be similar at different Mn2+ concentrations. Both DNA polymerase 2 activity and processivity are greatly reduced by spermine and N-ethylmaleimide. A distinguishing feature of processivity in DNA polymerase 2 was the response to ATP, which not only stimulated processivity by more than 2-fold, but also produced a distinctive pattern in which the enzyme seemed to pause every 10 nucleotides, reaching a value of 40 to 50 nucleotides incorporated. This pattern was observed in some, but not all, heparin-Sepharose fractions with enzyme activity, suggesting the possibility of different DNA polymerase 2 complexes.
3-D human navigation system considering various transition preferences

Walking is the most fundamental means of human transportation. Unlike travel by car, walking is not planar, but rather stereoscopic. We therefore developed a real navigation system for pedestrian point-to-point navigation. We propose herein a method of 3D pedestrian navigation, in which position detection is driven mainly by dead reckoning. The proposed method enables ubiquitous round-the-clock 3D positioning, even inside buildings or between tall buildings. In addition, pedestrian navigation is customized by changing the costs of the road network links. Finally, a positioning data accumulation system is implemented so that we can log tracks and easily incorporate new roads or attributes in the future.
Corporate demand for general takāful in Malaysia

Purpose This study on corporate demand for general takāful (Islamic insurance) aims to identify potential growth areas and areas for improvement in takāful business practices in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach A survey on corporates’ protection needs, takāful/insurance coverage obtained and awareness on takāful/insurance was conducted for this paper. Findings The findings from the survey are as follows: There is potential for takāful operators to further penetrate the corporate sector, as the majority of respondents indicated willingness to spend on takāful/insurance. Emphasis on takāful value propositions apart from its Sharīʿah compliance status is needed to attract corporates, as respondents were found to be indifferent on Sharīʿah compliance status of their protection. Strong market presence, expanded product offerings and efficient services were key determinants to attract takāful subscription. Respondents’ heavy reliance on intermediaries warrants strong collaboration with intermediaries to widen market outreach. The small and medium enterprises segment appeared promising, as it is found to be underserved despite having higher propensity to obtain takāful/insurance coverage compared to the overall respondents. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to Malaysia’s experience. The findings are indicative (though they may not be conclusive) of the target segment as well as the takāful industry as a whole. Originality/value The insights on respondents’ considerations when obtaining takāful/insurance coverage and the correlation of these factors with respondents’ characteristics can assist takāful/insurance providers in structuring products and business strategies to better serve this market segment. The paper may also aid discussions among researchers and regulators on areas for further development of the industry.