Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel decision-theoretic and risk-stratification metrics of predictive performance: Application to deciding who should undergo genetic testing

Currently, women are referred for BRCA1/2 mutation-testing only if their family-history of breast/ovarian cancer implies that their risk of carrying a mutation exceeds 10\%. However, as mutation-testing costs fall, prominent voices have called for testing all women, which would strain clinical resources by testing millions of women, almost all of whom will test negative. To better evaluate risk-thresholds for BRCA1/2 testing, we introduce two broadly applicable, linked metrics: Mean Risk Stratification (MRS) and a decision-theoretic metric, Net Benefit of Information (NBI). MRS and NBI provide a range of risk thresholds at which a marker/model is "optimally informative", in the sense of maximizing both MRS and NBI. NBI is a function of only MRS and the risk-threshold for action, connecting decision-theory to risk-stratification and providing a decision-theoretic rationale for MRS. AUC and Youden's index reflect on both the fraction of maximum MRS, and of maximum NBI, attained by the marker/model, providing AUC and Youden's index with long-sought decision-theoretic and risk-stratification rationale. To evaluate risk-thresholds for BRCA1/2 testing, we propose an eclectic approach considering AUC, Net Benefit, and MRS/NBI. MRS/NBI interpret AUC in the context of mutation-prevalence and provide a range of risk thresholds for which the risk model is optimally informative.
SYN2005: balanced corpus of written Czech

Balanced corpus of contemporary written Czech sized 100 MW. It was created as a representation of written language from 2000–2004 and thus it contains a wide range of text types and genres (fiction, professional literature, newspapers etc.) in balanced proportions. The corpus is lemmatized and morphologically tagged by a combination of stochastic and rule-based methods. The corpus is provided in a (semi-XML) vertical format used as an input to the Manatee query engine. The data thus correspond to the corpus available via query interface to registered users of the CNC with one important exception: they are shuffled, i.e. divided into blocks sized max. 100 words (respecting the sentence boundaries) whose ordering was randomized within the given document.
Designing and Testing a Model of the Antecedents of Eating Disorders Symptoms in Female Students of Isfahan University in 2017: A Descriptive Study

Background and Objectives: Eating disorders include a range of illnesses associated with weight gain or weight loss. Studies show that this disorder begins in the middle to late adolescence (14-18 years old) and is also more prevalent in female sex. The purpose of this study was designing and testing a model of antecedents of eating disorders symptoms in undergraduate female students of Isfahan University in 2017. Materials and Methods : In this descriptive study, 497 undergraduate female students of Isfahan University in 2017 were selected by multistage sampling method and responded to five research scales. In the research proposed model, eating disorder beliefs, perfectionism, self–esteem and body image concern were considered as the antecedent variables. To test the research conceptual model, structural equation modeling was applied using maximum likelihood estimation method. Results: The results of the analysis showed that the fit indices for the research model were in an acceptable range. Also, these results showed that all direct paths in the research model were statistically significant (p≤0.05). The results of studying the indirect paths of the research model were also statistically significant (p≤0.05). Conclusion : The results showed formation of eating disorder symptoms through cognitive and personality variables in an Iranian sample. Therefore, in preventing and planning for the treatment of these patients, it seems necessary to attend to the set of these factors.
Human information processing during acute insulin-induced hypoglycaemia

OF THESIS Name ofCandidate Rory. John.McCrimymon Address 5.Glenogle PlaceA Edmburgh3_EH3. 5HP,. Scotland. Degree Title of Thesis Doctor ofMedicine Date 1.5 October 199.9 Human, infonnation processing.during . acute insulin-induced hypoglycemia. No. ofwords in main text of thesis . 55,00.0 Acute insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in humans is known to interfere with cognitive function through the effect of neuroglycopenia on the brain. However, the effect of acute hypoglycaemia on specific brain functions remains largely unexplored. The literature relevant to the effects of acute and recurrent hypoglycaemia on general cognitive processes is reviewed. The research described in this thesis includes studies involving experimentally induced hypoglycaemia, and a clinical study of children with type 1 diabetes. The effect of acute insulin-induced hypoglycaemia on basic sensory information processing was examined. The principal studies performed were: Study 1 an examination of the effect of acute hypoglycaemia on visual information processing, and; Study 2 an examination of the effect of acute hypoglycaemia on auditory information processing. During 60 minutes of exposure to moderate hypoglycaemia significant impairments of both visual and auditory information processing were documented. It was also noted that hypoglycaemia did not significantly impair visual acuity for high contrast visual images but did disrupt ability to distinguish between low contrast visual images. Acute hypoglycaemia induces, in general, a negative mood state. The effect of hypoglycaemia on mood and emotion in human subjects was further explored. Hypoglycaemia was found to induce a small, but significant increase in anger-state that could not be predicted from measures of anger-trait or general anger-expression {Study 3). Hypoglycaemia also induced a negative mood-state characterised by increased tension and decreased happiness, lead to more negative appraisals of a life event, but did not effect a change in personality traits {Study 4). In addition, studies ofwere performed on different aspects of the symptomatic response to hypoglycaemia. These included: the symptoms of hypoglycaemia induced by different experimental models of hypoglycaemia {Study 5); and the symptoms of hypoglycaemia reported by children with type 1 diabetes {Study 6). The symptoms generated during hypoglycaemia induced by either the one-step hyperinsulinaemic glucose clamp or a controlled insulin-infusion do not differ substantially in their frequency, intensity or latent structure. Children with type 1 diabetes differ from adults in their reporting of the symptoms of hypoglycaemia by describing more symptoms indicative of behavioural change.
Measuring Students’ Perception of E-SERVQUAL at E-learning Institutions: Evidence from Egypt

The rapid use of E-learning at the higher education institutions directed attention to focus on studying and measuring the students’ perception of service quality using E-SERVQUAL model. Many challenges are facing E-learning especially in developing countries as it is a new experience for higher education. The research objective is to measure students’ perceived E-SERVQUAL at two Egyptian universities. We used and adapted the proposed instrument of Udo et al., 2011 which contains five major dimensions: empathy, responsiveness, assurance, reliability, and website contents. In addition, the measurement used to measure the quality of E-learning, and students' satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Data analysis shows that all the E-SERVQUAL model dimensions are playing an important role in perceived quality and the students' responsiveness dimension is the most important one for student' perceived satisfaction. The proposed model is very significant in explaining the joint impact of E-SERVQUAL and students' satisfaction variables on assessing students' intention to enroll in online education in the future. Important recommendations proposed for managing institutions of higher education to increase the quality and sustainability of the e-learning context especially developing the communication process between students and lecturers to increase the students' perception of responsiveness
Forward-Looking Policy Rules and Currency Premia

Abstract We evaluate the cross-sectional predictive ability of a forward-looking monetary policy reaction function, or Taylor rule, in both statistical and economic terms. We find that investors require a premium for holding currency portfolios with high implied interest rates while currency portfolios with low implied rates offer negative currency excess returns. Our forward-looking Taylor rule signals are orthogonal to current nominal interest rates and disconnected from carry trade portfolios and other currency investment strategies. The profitability of the Taylor rule portfolio spread is mainly driven by inflation forecasts rather than the output gap and is robust to data snooping and a wide range of robustness checks.
Hierarchical SFC for DC Interconnection

In a SFC, sometimes some SFs are provided by several DC networks, which means these SFs my locates in different DC network . How to establish such SFC that is across several DCs is what the draft wants to present. In this document, a hierarchical SFC method is proposed. It covers data plane, control plane to archieve such hierarchical SFC. And it includes requirements of the SFC Gateway for every DC network that provide SF for SFC.
Many Roads Lead to Rome: How Human, Social, and Financial Capital Are Related to New Venture Survival

Given variance in entrepreneurs’ capital endowments, the question of sufficient (or insufficient) starting conditions enabling a pathway to survival is critical in entrepreneurship. Drawing on the subjectivist theory of entrepreneurship (STE), we adopt a configurational approach. Our results show how combinations of human and social capital are related to survival while overreliance on financial capital is not. From a subjectivist perspective, we reveal a potential gap between identifying and exploiting an opportunity. The findings provide some novel insights that help reframe conflicting results as to whether capital endowments are substitutes or complements.
Load Balancing Techniques for Lifetime Prolonging in Smart Metering Systems

In recent years, the smart metering systems which can monitor the amount of the gas or the electric power at each home in real time are being developed broadly. In these systems, each meter has a communication function and forms a wireless network with each other. Since these meters are usually driven by the small battery by which capacity is restricted, it is important to control the power consumption and to prolong the operating time of such a smart metering system. In cases where such a smart meter ring system is installed in a large-scale apartment house, the allocation density of meter becomes high and a wireless multi-hop network with very many adjacent nodes will be constructed. In the wireless multi-hop network where installation density is high, since many detours are obtainable, in the case of a method which performs intermittent operation, it is expectable to control power consumption by reduction of waiting time. On the other hand, application of the simple routing protocol only based on the number of hop from a sink node will generate the problem that the difference of the power consumption between the nodes with the same number of hop to the sink node will become large. For example, at a node located in the location close to the sink node, since there are more adjacent nodes of a transmission destination than the adjacent nodes of a reception destination, the communication frequency of those nodes is low and their operating time is short and there is little power consumption. However, although the number of hop to the sink is the same, in a node located in the distance from a sink node, power consumption will become large. Due to such a unbalanced load problem from topology, the network lifetime not only becomes short, but also delay time and packet loss rate get worse. In this paper, we propose a load balancing techniques to solve the above-mentioned problem. The proposal technique consists of sender node control and receiver node control. Sender node control makes nodes to transmit positively to the sideward node which has same number of hop to the sink. Receiver node control adjusts data relay load for nodes by changing the intermittent interval which is sleep and awake time interval. Our evaluation results show that proposal technique is possible to prolong the network lifetime, while maintaining other network performance such that packet collection ratio and packet delivery delay time.
Business Modelling Revisited: The Configuration of Control and Value

Purpose - This paper aims to provide a theoretically grounded framework for designing and analysing business models for (mobile) information communication technology (ICT) services and systems. Design/methodology/approach - The paper reviews the most topical literature on business modelling, as well as general strategic management, industrial economics and network economics literature, it also constructs a new integrated framework. Findings - The study finds that business model design is interpreted as the (re)configuration of control parameters on the one hand, and value parameters on the other hand within a particular innovation system. Originality/value - The paper is informed by a wide range of theories and approaches and proposes an improved and generally applicable framework.
Two Decades of Reformasi in Indonesia: Its Illiberal Turn

ABSTRACT There has been an accentuation of Indonesian democracy’s illiberal characteristics during the course of reformasi. The religious and nativist mobilisation that surrounded the controversial 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial elections was only one manifestation of the sort of pressures leading to such accentuation. This article surveys the impacts of a stronger recent turn towards illiberalism across diverse areas of policy making in Indonesia, including decentralisation, civil–military relations, economic and foreign policy, as well as in the approaches to recognising past abuses of human rights. We find clear variation in its impacts, produced by differing constellations of old and new forces and what is at stake politically and economically in each arena of competition, as well as the salience of coherently expressed public pressure for reform. In particular, where the state and market have failed to address social injustices, more illiberal models have emerged, some under the guise of populist discourses that nonetheless continue to serve predatory elite interests and shift attention away from the inequalities in society. Such developments could be observed all the way to the 2019 presidential contest.
Lessons in Teaching Computing in Primary Schools

Whether you are currently teaching or training to teach the primary computing curriculum, you need to know what effective teaching of computing in primary schools actually looks like. Written for non specialists and trainees, this book uses exemplar primary computing lessons as a starting point for developing subject knowledge. It's a unique but tried and tested approach to developing your computing subject knowledge alongside your teaching practice. The current computing curriculum is explored in manageable chunks and there is no "scary" tech speak; everything is explained clearly and accessibly. You will find example lesson plans alongside every element of the curriculum that can be adapted to suit different year groups and different schools. This resourceful guide inspires an approach to teaching computing that is about creativity and encouraging problem solving using technology as a tool. NEW TO THIS EDITION: Updated throughout and includes information on new apps and other resources for teaching and a brand new chapter on teaching with tablets in the primary classroom. This book is part of the Lessons in Teaching series and includes additional online resources on its accompanying website.
Early-Career Engineers’ Perceptions of Support for Innovation at the Workplace - What Seems to Matter

Previous research has shown the importance of contextual factors for increasing employee innovativeness, but to effectively support innovative behavior, we need to also understand what forms of support are perceived as meaningful by the employees themselves. The current study investigated the experiences of 35 early-career engineers in creating, championing and implementing new ideas at the workplace. They reported relatively few instances of support that had been experienced as helpful, and nearly all of these were related to either managerial or co-worker support. This support ranged from encouragement and positive feedback to tangible help in troubleshooting and finding resources, and, in the case of managers, providing sufficient autonomy and responsibility to enable the interviewees to pursue their ideas. Managerial support was most frequently reported by those working in self-described innovative positions, whereas co-worker support was more commonly reported by those working in self- described innovative environments. Formal processes and incentives were less likely to have been perceived as helpful than informal interactions with managers and co-workers.
Harvesting big data from residential building energy performance certificates: retrofitting and climate change mitigation insights at a regional scale

The reduction of energy consumption and the increase in energy efficiency is currently an important cornerstone of EU policy. Energy performance certificates (EPCs) were implemented as one of the tools to promote this agenda, and are used for the energy performance assessment of buildings. In this study, the characteristics of the Portuguese dwelling stock are regionally analysed using data from approximately 523,000 Portuguese residential EPCs. Furthermore, a bottom-up building typology approach is used to assess the regional energy needs impact of retrofitting actions and to estimate the heating and cooling energy performance gaps of the whole dwelling stock, as well as the potential CO2 emissions resulting from the gaps’ potential offset due to increase thermal comfort. The results show that Portuguese residential buildings have very low energy performance, with windows and roofs being identified as the most energy inefficient elements. Roof retrofitting has the highest potential for the reduction of energy needs. The estimated heating and cooling energy performance gap amount to very significant percentages, due to the poor performing building stock but also very low energy consumption levels, with probable consequences for the thermal comfort of occupants. Assuming the current energy mix, carbon emissions would be 9.8 and 20.2 times higher associated with heating and cooling, respectively, if the actual final energy consumption were to match the estimated theoretical values derived from building regulation. This study demonstrates several application cases and leverages the potential of the individual EPC, increasing the detail in the dwelling stock characterization and energy performance estimation, revealing its value for energy retrofit and climate change mitigation assessments, as well as establishing the ground for future work related to building retrofits, energy efficiency measure implementation, climate change mitigation, thermal comfort, and energy poverty studies.
An Analysis of the Link Between Education and the First Demographic Dividend of Bangladesh

5 Chapter 1: Introduction . 6 Chapter 2: Background . 9 Chapter 3: Methodology. 11 3.1. How could the estimates of ESR represent the population characteristics better than NTA estimates? 15 3.2. Data . 17 Chapter 4: Results. 18 4.1. Labour Income and Consumption Profiles . 22 4.2. When the First Demographic Dividend ends in Bangladesh? 24 4.3. Decomposition of the Demographic Dividend: Age Effect and Education Effect . 27 Chapter 5: Discussion . 30 Chapter 6: Conclusion . 34 References . 36 Appendix . 39
Towards Interactive Multimodal Music Transcription

La transcripcion de musica por computador es de vital importancia en tareas del campo de la Extraccion y recuperacion de informacion musical por su utilidad como proceso para la obtencion de una abstraccion simbolica que codifica el contenido musical de un fichero de audio. En esta disertacion se estudia este problema desde una perspectiva diferente a la tipicamente considerada para estos problemas, la perspectiva interactiva y multimodal. En este paradigma el usuario cobra especial importancia puesto que es parte activa en la resolucion del problema (interactividad); por otro lado, la multimodalidad implica que diferentes fuentes de informacion extraidas de la misma senal se aunan para ayudar a una mejor resolucion de la tarea. Las conclusiones mas relevantes del trabajo llevado a cabo son: - Que las metodologias interactivas hombre-maquina para la anotacion de datos en senales disminuyen significativamente la carga de trabajo de un usuario en comparacion con la carga de trabajo que llevaria a cabo anotando todo a mano. Esto se ha demostrado concretamente para el caso de la anotacion de los inicios de eventos musicales en senales de audio (anotacion de onsets). - Que la informacion de onsets ofrece una descripcion complementaria de la senal que, junto con la estimacion de frecuencias fundamentales, son capaces de obtener buenos resultados en transcripcion. - Que es posible cuantificar el esfuerzo llevado a cabo en la anotacion de onsets en senales de audio mediante una serie de metricas de esfuerzo propuestas en esta disertacion. - En tareas de clasificacion y reconocimiento de patrones, las distribuciones de datos no balanceadas normalmente afectan negativamente a la bondad del sistema. Es por ello que se ha realizado un estudio cuantitativo para analizar las perdidas que se ocasionan en este tipo de situaciones y como los algoritmos de equilibrado de datos son mas o menos efectivos en estos contextos.
Spatial goals and actions in the orbitofrontal cortex

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is thought to be involved in the representation of anticipated behavioral outcomes that drive goaldirected behavior. Among the properties of goals or outcomes that may be represented in the OFC is their spatial location, a fundamental feature of goals for animals that rely heavily on locomotion for foraging. Previous studies have described neural correlates of choice and goal location in rats performing spatial two-alternative choice tasks. However, relatively little is known about the spatial properties of these OFC neural representations. In previous tasks, the constrained spatial extent of the behavioral arena did not allow characterization of the detailed spatial properties of representations. Furthermore, because of the absence of an explicit navigational context, the location of the reward and the choice side were always correlated. Consequently, the data could not disambiguate between representations of the nature of the action, of the direction or of the spatial location of the goal. Here we show that the OFC is necessary to maintain performance in a spatially extended 2 alternative free choice task only if the subject is required to initiate a trial by visiting the opposite side of the box but not in a simple spatial reversal task. The introduction of this spatial and possibly navigational component seems to be the key variable behind our results. In order to better investigate these spatial properties we developed an odor guided spatial navigation task where odor stimuli are mapped to outcome locations using an allocentric rule. Solving such task requires a cognitive map of space and a representation of the cued outcome spatial