Handbook of Antioxidants

General Topics Food-Derived Antioxidants: How to Evaluate Their Importance in Food and In Vivo Barry Halliwell Measurement of Total Antioxidant Capacity in Nutritional and Clinical Studies Guohua Cao and Ronald L. Prior Quantification of Isoprostanes as Indicators of Oxidant Stress In Vivo Jason D. Morrow, William E. Zackert, Daniel S. Van der Ende, Erin E. Reich, Erin S. Terry, Brian Cox, Stephanie C. Sanchez, Thomas J. Montine, and L. Jackson Roberts Vitamin E Efficacy of Vitamin E in Human Health and Disease Sharon V. Landvick, Anthony T. Diplock, and Lester Packer Vitamin E Bioavailability, Biokinetics, and Metabolism Maret G. Traber Biological Activity of Tocotrienols Stefan U. Weber and Gerald Rimbach Vitamin C Vitamin C: From Molecular Mechanisms to Optimum Uptake Sebastian J. Padayatty, Rushad Daruwala, Yaohui Wang, Peter Eck, Jian Song, Woo S. Koh, and Mark Levine Vitamin C and Cardiovascular Diseases Anitra C. Carr and Balz Frei Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Ascorbate and Cancer James E. Enstrom Carotenoids Carotenoids: Linking Chemistry, Absorption, and Metabolism to Potential Roles in Human Health and Disease Denise M. Deming, Thomas W. M. Boileau, Kasey H. Heintz, Christine A. Atkinson, and John W. Erdman, Jr. Antioxidant Effects of Carotenoids: Implication in Photoprotection in Humans Wilhelm Stahl and Helmut Sies Oxidative Breakdown of Carotenoids and Biological Effects of Their Metabolites Werner G. Siems, Olaf Sommerburg, and Frederik J. G. M. van Kuijk Carotenoids in the Nutrition of Infants Olaf Sommerburg, Werner G. Siems, Kristina Meissner, and Michael Leichsenring Human Studies on Bioavailability and Serum Response of Carotenoids Elizabeth J. Johnson Polyphenols and Flavonoids Caffeic Acid and Related Antioxidant Compounds: Biochemical and Cellular Effects Joao Laranjinha Polyphenols and Flavonoids Protect LDL Against Atherogenic Modifications Bianca Fuhrman and Michael Aviram Phytoestrogen Content in Foods and Their Role in Cancer Anna H. Wu and Malcolm C. Pike Peroxynitrite Scavenging by Mitochondrial Reductants and Plant Polyphenols Alberto Boveris, Silvia Alvarez, Silvia Lores Arnaiz, and Laura B. Valdez Antioxidants in Beverages and Herbal Products Antioxidant and Other Properties of Green and Black Tea Philip J. Rijken, Douglas A. Balentine, C. A. J. van Mierlo, I. Paetau-Robinson, F. van de Put, Paul T. Quinlan, Ute M. Weisgerber, and Sheila A. Wiseman The Phenolic Wine Antioxidants Andrew L. Waterhouse French Maritime Pine Bark: Pycnogenol Gerald Rimbach, Fabio Virgili, and Lester Packer Spices as Potent Antioxidants with Therapeutic Potential Bharat B. Aggarwal, Nihal Ahmad, and Hasan Mukhtar Lipoic Acid and Glutathione Lipoic Acid: Cellular Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Clinical Relevance Oren Tirosh, Sashwati Roy, and Lester Packer Cellular Effects of Lipoic Acid and Its Role in Aging Regis Moreau , Wei-Jian Zhang, and Tory M. Hagen Vascular Complications in Diabetes: Mechanisms and the Influence of Antioxidants Peter Rosen, Hans-Jurgen Tritschler, and Lester Packer Therapeutic Effects of Lipoic Acid on Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance Erik J. Henriksen Bioavailability of Glutathione Dean P. Jones Melatonin Antioxidant Capacity of Melatonin Russel J. Reiter, Dun-xian Tan, Lucien C. Manchester, and Juan R. Calvo Radical and Reactive Intermediate-Scavenging Properties of Melatonin in Pure Chemical Systems Maria A. Livrea, Luisa Tesoriere, Dun-xian Tan, and Russel J. Reiter Selenium Selenium: An Antioxidant? Regina Brigelius-Flohe, Matilde Maiorino, Fulvio Ursini, and Leopold Flohe Selenium Status and Prevention of Chronic Diseases Paul Kneckt Nitric Oxide Antioxidant Properties of Nitric Oxide Homero Rubbo and Rafael Radi