Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Spatial Transformation Process and Critical Time Node Detection in Global Extreme High Temperature Clusters

Extreme high temperature (EHT) events have caused serious impact on society. In previous research, EHT indices seldom consider spatial aggregation. To conduct the comprehensive evaluation, the global EHT days from 1979 to 2017 have been evaluated in terms of high temperature duration, accumulative temperature intensities and magnitude of spatial aggregation based on ERA‐Interim 2 m air temperature data set. In addition, abnormal warming of polar and ocean surfaces has rarely been addressed in global‐scale studies. To address this deficiency, the indices of EHT days are normalized by maximum in history for each location. To solve the time discontinuity problem on EHT spatiotemporal distribution in previous studies, we utilized spatiotemporal scan statistics to detect EHT spatiotemporal clusters (EHT‐STCs), and clusters correspond to a certain spatiotemporal extent where the EHT events are aggregated. This method actualizes time‐continuous and spatiotemporal integral detection. The results show the following: 1. There are apparent changes in EHT‐STC spatial distribution after 1999, so 1999 can be recognized as the critical time node of EHT‐STC spatial transformation. 2. After 1999, the EHT‐STC number gradually increased, and the duration and spatial coverage of EHT‐STC gradually expanded. Overall, EHT‐STCs display a significant northward migration, with an average northward movement of 7.03° for each transition from 1979 to 2017. 3. There are differences in the extremity and transformation process in different regions. EHT‐STCs in Antarctica are concentrated before 1992, with the strongest EHT extremity; EHT‐STCs in the Arctic and middle‐low latitude continents are concentrated after 2010 and 1999 respectively, both with a strong EHT extremity. There is a similar EHT‐STC number in the middle‐low latitude ocean before and after 1999 with the weakest extremity. These results contribute to determining EHT causes and future trends in global climate change.
Garlic oil as a fight against histological and oxidative stress abnormalities in Wistar rats after oral inoculation of Anisakis spp. Type II (L3) (Nematoda)

The consumption of inadequately thermally treated fish is a public health risk due to the possible propagation of Anisakis larvae and their antigenic proteins, the causative agent of the zoonotic disease anisakidosis. The present study demonstrated the physiological and histopathological changes that accompanied an oral inoculation of crude extracts from fresh and thermally treated Anisakis Type II (L3) in Wistar albino rats. Nematode worms were isolated from the marine fish Dicentrarchus labrax. They were examined and taxonomically identified using light and scanning electron microscopy. The study was performed in 6 rat groups: a control group (I), a garlic oil (GO) inoculated group (II), a fresh L3 inoculated group (III), a thermally treated L3 inoculated group (IV), a fresh L3 + GO inoculated group (V), and a thermally treated L3 + GO inoculated group (VI). It was observed that rats inoculated with fresh and thermally treated L3 crude extracts showed abnormal oxidative stress markers associated with the destruction of normal architecture of spleen and thymus. GO produced a protective effect in rat groups inoculated with L3 extracts + GO administration via the amelioration of oxidative stress markers, which was confirmed by the marked normal structure of the organs’ histology. Cooking of L3 infected fish induced severe physiological and histopathological alterations compared to uncooked infected fish. The administration of garlic before and after fish eating is recommended to avoid the dangerous effect of anisakids, even if they are cooked.
Metal-insulator transition in Hubbard-like models with random hopping

Understanding the combined effects of quenched disorder and interparticle interactions in electronic systems remains one of the central problems in solid state physics. Models of noninteracting electrons subject to static, random impurity potentials provide the simplest description of disordered metals; many analytical and numerical studies have shown that such models exhibit a continuous metal-insulator transition (MIT) in three dimensions (3D), 1 accessed by varying either the disorder strength, or the Fermi energy relative to the mobility edge. By contrast, all electronic states are typically exponentially localized in one and two dimensions by arbitrarily weak disorder. (Notable exceptions occur in the presence of spin-orbit scattering, and in the systems discussed, e.g., in Refs. 2,3.)
Cerclage versus vaginal progesterone in low-risk pregnant women with a short cervix

Abstract Objective To compare vaginal progesterone to cerclage in preventing preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcomes in women with a singleton gestation, incidentally found sonographic cervical length of <15 mm, and no history of preterm birth. Study design A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 68 women who delivered at the University of Kansas Health System with a singleton gestation found to have a cervical length <15 mm on transvaginal ultrasound and no history of preterm birth. Women treated with vaginal progesterone (n = 29) were compared to women who underwent cerclage placement (n = 39). The primary outcome was preterm birth at <34 weeks of gestation. Secondary outcomes include preterm birth at <37 and <28 weeks of gestation and neonatal morbidities. Results Of the 268 patients who had a cervical length of <15 mm on transvaginal ultrasound, 68 participants met inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. Twenty-nine participants received vaginal progesterone and 39 participants received cervical cerclage. The average cervical length at initiation of therapy was greater in the progesterone cohort versus cerclage cohort, respectively (10.5 vs. 8.0 mm, p < .01). All other baseline characteristics were similar between groups, including no difference in average gestational age at initiation of therapy (21.6 vs. 21.5 weeks, p = .87). Average latency after therapy did not differ between groups (100 vs. 92.7 days p = .43). The incidence of preterm birth at <37 weeks (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 0.57–3.93), <34 weeks (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 0.52–4.18), and <28 weeks (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 0.45–8.07), did not differ significantly between groups. Additionally, no difference in neonatal morbidity was detected. Conclusion At our institution, we found no difference between vaginal progesterone and cerclage in the average latency period or risk of preterm birth among women with an incidental short cervix of <15 mm and no history of preterm birth, despite the significantly shorter initial cervical length in the cerclage group. These findings suggest either vaginal progesterone or cerclage could be used to reduce the risk of preterm birth among this high-risk population.
Financial Markets and Bankruptcy Systems: Is there a Relationship?

Purpose: Filling the cognitive gap in the theory of ex-post transaction costs, i.e., at the stage of enforcing market transactions by examining the relationship between friendliness/severity of the bankruptcy and restructuring law towards debtors, the level of development of financial markets, the effectiveness of the judicial system and the rate of debt recovery. Design/Methodology/Approach: In the research, the following methods were used: literature review, cluster, and panel analysis. Findings: Based on the research, the existence of a statistical relationship was proven between the effectiveness of bankruptcy systems (measured by the recovery rate) and factors characterizing the level of development of the financial market as well as the severity of bankruptcy law towards debtors and the effectiveness of the judicial system. Practical Implications: Research shows that the development of the financial market, and the debt market, in particular, forces countries to put more emphasis on the effectiveness of judicial systems and to create more stringent bankruptcy laws for debtors (more creditorfriendly). Originality/value: This is the first study of its type. In the next stage of the research, the authors want to additionally include such variables as the type of the legal system (statutory law vs. common law) and its origin, the form of organization of the financial market, and at the same time, the banking system model (the Anglo-Saxon and continental models), the effectiveness of conducted restructuring measures, the level of development of countries.
Operational Risk Analysis at Agribusiness and Technology Park (ATP) IPB, Bogor, Indonesia

ATP IPB is an autonomous business unit under Teaching Farm Sub Directorate of IPB’s Business and Entrepreneurship Development Directorate. It produces fruits and vegetables from its own farm and farmers as its partners, and also sells the produces mainly to modern markets. It faces risks in operating its business, especially operational risk. This study aims to: (1) identify ATP operational risk, (2) measure risk based on likelihood and impact, (3) analyze the root causes of ATP operational risk, and (4) provide alternative solutions to the underlying causes. The study was conducted in January to April 2019. Risk level map, risk map, and cause-effect diagram were employed in this study. Results showed three main risks, namely (R1) the output of ATP’s partner did not reach the target, (R2) the output of ATP’s partner exceeded the target, and (R3) the farmer’s production did not reach ATP standard. Risk R2 is included in the low risk level, risks R1 and R3 are included in the extreme risk level. The root causes of the three risks are ineffective penalties, no priority for the screen-house, no priority for increasing the workforce, relationship between supervisor and partner farmers are still transactional. Alternative solutions that can be proposed are participatory assistance, contract review, screen-house implementation, and the formation of farmer groups. \
The union wage premium in a segmented labor market: new evidence from Korea

Abstract Korea’s labor market is highly dualized. Non-regular workers are subject to adverse labor conditions, and unions, controlled by regular workers, usually restrict their entry as allowed by Korean regulations. Our objective is to analyze the union wage gap in Korea considering this institutional setting. In particular, we examine union wage effects using a more recent and richer dataset than previous studies, the Economically Active Population Survey (EAPS) data, that enables us to distinguish union members from voluntary non-members, involuntary non-members, and workers in firms without unions. Our empirical analysis compares the wages of union members to those of different categories of non-unionized workers not only in the mean but also along the wage distribution using quantile regressions. Our results show that voluntary non-members experience a marginal wage penalty while for involuntary non-members it is much higher, a difference that could be reduced by removing regulations limiting non-regular workers from joining unions.
Accuracy Improvement of Age Prediction Model Based on AutoML

Recommendations from websites are sometimes not suitable enough to fit the needs of different groups of people. One element in considering the recommended algorithm is the age range of users. To approach the goal of improving recommended algorithms in general, age prediction based on machine learning became the target of this research. We started by using AutoML from Google Cloud as the training tool and proportionally choosing 4,908 facial images of Asian people, which were categorized into six groups: images of the age below 10; images of the age from 10 to 20; images of the age from 20 to 30; images of the age from 30 to 40; images of the age from 40 to 50; images of the age from 50 to 60; and images of the age above 60. From the first training, we demonstrated 64.89 percentage of precision with the confidence threshold value of 0.5. After changing the threshold to 0.71, we optimized the result to 69.83 percentage of precision. By observing the result given by the deployment from Cloud training to an Android device, we found that the model differentiated Asian people aged from 10 to 40 most precisely, while it was relatively weak to distinguish people of the age from 50 to 60 and people of the age above 60. These results show an intelligent work of the prediction model on sifting people by ages and the strong relationship between the precision and the quantity of corresponding data. Its focus on distinguishing young people is suitable for our goal as young people are the main force of Internet users. By adjusting the composition of the dataset, we are looking for broader usage in other fields.
End-to-end bone age assessment based on Attentional Region Localization

Pediatric bone age assessment (BAA) is an extremely important clinical method to investigate endocrinology, genetic and growth disorders of adolescents. The current deep learning-based BAA scheme generally feeds the images into the training model, but ignores the local details of the skeleton images and does not exclude the noise around the images. Many methods train segmentation or detection networks to exploit local information, but requires a lot of manual annotation and additional costs. In this paper, we proposed an attentional region localization method for BAA to automatically localize the hand region and local regions without any additional annotations. First, an attentional hand location module (AHLM) was used to obtain a clearer hand region, which eliminates the interference noise of the original image. Then an attentional region generation module (ARGM) was used to extract the local attentional regions with high discriminant features, which can help to optimize the entire network framework. We integrate the entire network into an end-to-end structure by jointly optimizing the network through a shared backbone and fully connected layers. The effectiveness of the proposed attentional region localization method was evaluated on an open dataset Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) with an average absolute error (MAE) of 6.14, which performs better than most existing methods.
Sustainable Use and Management of Natural Resources in Construction: The Importance of Recycling

The saving of raw materials to reduce the consumption of non-energy resources, beyond fossil fuels, and the amount of waste to send to landfill have an interest in the construction sector, which is one of the main consumers of these resources. This interest recalls the importance of recycling. This short paper discusses a number of factors influencing the strengthening of recycling, based on the author’s multi-year studies and research on sustainable buildings.
Testing differentially methylated regions through functional principal component analysis

DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that plays an important role in many biological processes and diseases. Several statistical methods have been proposed to test for DNA methylation differences between conditions at individual cytosine sites, followed by a post hoc aggregation procedure to explore regional differences. While there are benefits to analyzing CpGs individually, there are both biological and statistical reasons to test entire genomic regions for differential methylation. Variability in methylation levels measured by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is often observed across CpG sites in a genomic region. Evaluating meaningful changes in regional level methylation profiles between conditions over noisy site-level measurements is often difficult to implement with parametric models. To overcome these limitations, this study develops a nonparametric approach to detect predefined differentially methylated regions (DMR) based on functional principal component analysis (FPCA). The performance of this approach is compared with two alternative methods (GIFT and M3D), using real and simulated data.
Application of β-glucosidase Immobilized on Chitosan microspheres in Degradation of Polydatin in Polygonum cuspidatum

Resveratrol in Polygonum cuspidatum is a β-glycoside, which can be hydrolyzed to resveratrol by β-glucosidase. it is an efficient production process to degrade polydatin from Polygonum cuspidatum extract by immobilized β-glucosidase. It is of great significance to explore suitable immobilization conditions to improve the catalytic efficiency and reusability of β-glucosidase for polydatin degradation and cost reduction. In this paper, the recombinant Escherichia coli bgl2238, which was screened and constructed from corn soil of Heilongjiang Province in the early laboratory, was immobilized by chitosan adsorption and glutaraldehyde crosslinking. The preparation conditions and immobilization process of bgl2238 were determined by single factor method: the optimal crosslinking time was 1 h, the optimal crosslinking temperature was 20 °C, the recovery rate of enzyme activity of bgl2238 was 87 %, and the enzyme activity was 859.65 mU/g. The optimum temperature of the immobilized bgl2238 is 50 °C, which is 6 °C higher than that of the free bgl2238, and the temperature stability and pH stability are improved. After six consecutive hydrolysis of Polygonum cuspidatum, the degradation rate of polydatin is still over 70 %, which proves that the immobilized bgl2238 has good reusability. This will be helpful to evaluate the application prospect of β - glucosidase immobilized in this system and determine the best conditions for its production.
Research and Implementation of Robot Path Planning Based on Computer Image Recognition Technology

This paper focuses on the image processing and recognition module. The path planning module is only a simple algorithm research and implementation, the current system research needs to continue to improve, especially the path planning module. This paper studies the robot path planning based on image recognition, and on the robot contest platform to do simulation experiment, but in the actual application of robot environment is complicated, the robot camera collected images may be part contains several pieces of information, or part of the image and the other robot, the robot path planning of the how to do it. Moreover, the robot may be beyond our set range, and the dynamic path planning algorithm cannot guarantee the absolute acquisition of the optimal strategy. Therefore, how to improve the existing system, improve the accuracy of image recognition and improve the path planning algorithm is one of the important research work in the future.
Oil-In-Water Microemulsion Encapsulation of Antagonist Drugs Prevents Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Developing new therapeutic drugs to prevent ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced renal injuries is highly pursued. Liposomal encapsulation of spironolactone (SP) as a mineralocorticoid antagonist increases dissolution rate, bioavailability and prevents the drug from degradation. In this context, this work develops a new formulation of oil-in-water type microemulsions to enhance the bioavailability of SP. The size of the SP-loaded microemulsion was about 6.0 nm by dynamic light scattering analysis. Briefly, we investigated the effects of nano-encapsulated SP (NESP) on renal oxidative stress, biochemical markers and histopathological changes in a rat model of renal I/R injury. Forty eight male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. Two groups served as control and injury model (I/R). Two groups received “conventional” SP administration (20 mg/kg) and NESP (20 mg/kg), respectively, for two days. The remaining two groups received SP (20 mg/kg) and NESP (20 mg/kg) two days before induction of I/R. At the end of the experiments, serum and kidneys of rats underwent biochemical, molecular and histological examinations. Our results showed that I/R induces renal oxidative stress, abnormal histological features and altered levels of renal biomarkers. Administration of SP in healthy animals did not cause any significant changes in the measured biochemical and histological parameters compared to the control group. However, SP administration in the I/R group caused some corrections in renal injury, although it could not completely restore I/R-induced renal oxidative stress and kidney damage. On the contrary, NESP administration restored kidney oxidative injury via decreasing renal lipid peroxidation and enhancing glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase in kidneys of the I/R group. The deviated serum levels of urea, creatinine, total proteins and uric acid were also normalized by NESP administration. Furthermore, NESP protected against renal abnormal histology features induced by I/R. Therefore, NESP has beneficial effects in preventing kidney damage and renal oxidative stress in a rat model of I/R, which deserves further evaluations in the future.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Carum Copticum Seeds on the Treatment of Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multi-Center, Randomized, Triple–Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Study

Background: The increased prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has caused several concerns. Besides, there are concerns about the side effects of the drugs used to treat this condition. Since the current treatments are not effective in treating NAFLD, developing a novel therapeutic option based on some medicinal plants is necessary. Few studies have investigated the natural drugs and their effects (e.g., extracts of Carum Copticum Seeds (CCS)) on these patients. Objectives: The current study intended to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CCS extracts on liver enzymes, serum lipids, as well as the grade of fatty liver, and anthropometric measurements in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: In this multi-center, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial study, 90 patients with grades of 1 to 3 of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease referred to two medical centers located in Tehran (Iran) in 2019 are examined. Diet and exercise were recommended for patients three times a day in eight weeks, in addition to taking 500 mg capsules (aqueous extracts of Ajwain seeds and placebo for treatment and placebo groups). Results: Medical records of 68 patients were reviewed, 48 (71%) male and 20 (29%) female. Both groups were similar concerning demographic and baseline characteristics. The total score of the Leeds questionnaire [-14.03 vs. -7.49, P = 0.048], Triglyceride (TG) [-4.45 vs. 10.03, P = 0.017], and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) [-14.71 vs. -4.79, P = 0.012] were significantly changed in the treatment group compared to the control group. Nevertheless, a different situation was observed for Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) [-7.08 vs. -4.84, P = 0.314], Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) [-2.88 vs. -2.81, P = 0.207], and Body Mass Index (BMI) [-0.59 vs. -0.39, P = 0.095]. Although a significant change was found in both groups, the amount of decline was similar for both groups. In both groups, the cholesterol, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) did not change significantly. The sonographic findings indicated significantly higher improvements in the intervention group than the placebo group (RR = 2.43, 95% CI (1.15-5.65), and P value = 0.034). Conclusions: The result of this study supports the efficacy of Carum copticum seeds in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients. It was found that CCS with a significant reduction in ALT, TG, and relative reduction of BMI can help physicians to manage other metabolic disorders associated with NAFLD, such as obesity and hyperlipidemia.