Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal succession of ammonia-oxidizing archaea abundance and composition in a created riparian wetland

15 Cascaded performance and compartments of constructed wetlands may harbor the internal ecoenvironmental gradients and further differentiate the niche and community structure of ammoniaoxidizing archaea (AOA). Here, we used quantitative PCR and 454 pyrosequencing of AOA amoA gene to investigate the abundance, diversity, composition, and driving factors of sedimentary AOA community in a created riparian wetland—Shijiuyang constructed wetland (SJY-CW) in China. Results showed that the heterogeneous wetland with serial-connected combinations of pretreatment pond, plant-bed/ditch system, and post-treatment pond as well as the third through fifth year succession (2011–2013, corresponding to the third through fifth year of actual operation after the initial two-year trial operation) had exerted significant spatiotemporal niche selection effects on AOA abundance and composition. AOA abundance in the preand post-treatment ponds was almost invariant in 2011–2012 and decreased in 2013, while the abundance in the plant-bed/ditch system decreased gradually with the succession of SJY-CW. The AOA abundance ended up with one order of magnitude lower and tended to be consistent in the whole wetland. In contrast to abundance, the temporal niche differentiation of AOA diversity was insignificant. Nonetheless, a rough decrease trend was detected for the average community richness index Chao1 and diversity index Shannon H’ in 2011–2013. Community structure analysis showed that Nitrososphaera was dominant genus, while Nitrosopumilus cluster and Nitrososphaera sister cluster increased with the succession of SJY-CW. Hierarchical clustering analysis and redundancy analysis both verified the horizontal shifts of AOA communities and these shifts inclined to occur in the most heterogeneous plant-bed/ditch system. Operational duration of the wetland which comprehensively reflected the wetland hydrology, water quality, and associated functions became the key factor driving the AOA abundance and community shift in SJY-CW sediments. In a nutshell, with the third through fifth year succession of wetland, the sedimentary ammonia-oxidizing archaea tended to be characterized by temporally decreased and spatially consistent abundance, while spatially variable and temporally decreased richness and diversity; regarding the AOA community structure, temporally from local species and relatively uniform distribution to mixing with allochthonous species and highly diversified distribution, while spatially occurring significant horizontal shifts of AOA amoA genes. These results showed the considerable if not significant niche selection effect of AOA abundance, diversity, and community structure with the operation of SJY-CW, and this will have some implications on the microbial ecology of archaeal ammonia-oxidization in a man-made wetland ecosystem. 16
Debt Valuation Effects when there is Foreign Currency-Denominated Debt

This paper discusses the way in which the existence of debt denominated in both domestic and foreign currency affects debt-sustainability analyses. Ignoring valuation issues can lead to misleading conclusions regarding fiscal sustainability. We show that a devaluation of the domestic currency can significantly change the path of a sustainable fiscal policy. In our model, the adjustment not only comes through the change in the value of the foreign currency-denominated public debt, but also though the effects on the interest rate and growth. We find that the required fiscal adjustment to achieve fiscal sustainability after a devaluation increases with the size of the devaluation, the length of the adjustment period, the effect on interest rates and growth, and the share of public debt that is denominated in foreign currency.
Detection of aflatoxin B1 from fodder crops in ruler area around Baghdad city in Iraq and studied the toxicity effect of A. flavus in mice

The present study was aimed to detection of aflatoxin B1 from Fodder crops which included maize and sesame in rural area around Baghdad city and studied the toxicity effect of A. flavus in mice fed on diet contaminated with spores of toxigenic A. flavus after 30 days of experiment, fifty (50) sample from maize and sesame were collected from the ruler areas around Baghdad city which were (Al Tarmia, Abu Ghraib, Mahmoudiya, Alabegi and Taji), so ten (10) sample from maize and ten (10) sample from sesame were obtained from each of the areas above in one (1) kilogram from each sample during four months begging from (November/2016 till march 2017). , the detection percentages of aflatoxin B1 from maize and sesame were 50% and 24% respectively, this study was conducted with experimental infection included diet of mice on feed contaminated with A. flavus in three different doses, the histopathological examination had been done on spleen, lung, small intestine and liver of mice in experiment, so the spleen appeared with different types of inflammatory cells and lymphocytes with highly infiltration with macrophages which appeared in diffuse and nodular forms, the lung characterized by infiltration with inflammatory cells and macrophages as well as breaking of epithelial lining the bronchiole, an addition to intestine revealed highly infiltration with inflammatory cells with irregular in intestinal villi while liver showed sever degenerative in the hepatocytes with payknosis in their nuclei in addition to presence of lymphocytes and kupffer cell.
The Effect of Mergers on Consumer Prices: Evidence from Five Mergers on the Enforcement Margin

In this paper we propose a method to evaluate the effectiveness of U.S. horizontal merger policy and apply it to the study of five recently consummated consumer products mergers. We select the mergers from those that, from the public record, seem most likely to be problematic. Thus, we estimate an upper bound on the likely price effect of completed mergers. Our study employs retail scanner data and uses familiar panel data program evaluation procedures to measure price changes. Our results indicate that four of the five mergers resulted in some increases in consumer prices, while the fifth merger had little effect.
Redox status of Bowman-Birk inhibitor from soybean influence its in vitro antioxidant activities.

Soybean (Glycine max) is a major protein source for animal and human nutrition. The Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor (BBI), ranking 3rd of protein contents among soybean seed storage proteins, is a major antinutritional factor. BBI was incubated with 1 mM DTT at 37℃ for 2 h and loaded directly onto a Sephadex G-25 gel column for purification. The molecular mass of the reduced form of BBI is ca. 8 kDa determined by SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate)-PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). The methodology we used includes total antioxidant status, (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) DPPH staining, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power method, Fe(superscript 2+)-chelating ability, FTC (ferric thiocyanate) method, and protection calf thymus DNA against hydroxyl radical-induced damage. The oxidized and reduced form of BBI with a concentration of 200 μg/mL exhibited the highest activity (expressed as 4.74±0.36 and 7.20±0.20 mM Trolox equivalent antioxidative value, TEAC) in total antioxidant status test. In the DPPH staining the reduced form of BBI appeared as white spots when it was diluted to 12.5 μg/mL (a final amount of 0.6 μg). Like total antioxidant status, the reducing power, Fe(superscript 2+)-chelating ability, FTC activity and protection against hydroxyl radical-induced calf thymus DNA damage all showed that the reduced BBI exhibited higher antioxidative activities than the oxidized BBI. The results suggested that the reduced BBI exhibited higher antioxidative activities than the oxidized BBI in a series of in vitro tests. These findings provide one of the molecular bases for BBI applications to treat various serious diseases.
Pricing Decisions of Two Complementary Products in a Fuzzy Environment

Pricing decisions of two complementary products in a fuzzy environment are considered in this paper. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the changes of the optimal retail pricing of two complementary products under two different decentralized decision scenarios (e.g., Nash game case and Stackelberg game case). As a reference model, the centralized pricing model is also established. The closed-form optimal pricing decisions of the two complementary products are obtained in the above three decision scenarios. Some interesting management insights into how pricing decisions vary with decision scenarios are given.
Prediction of Drought Resistance Gene with Clustered Amino Acid Features

Drought resistant gene plays important role in molecular breeding while little is known for its genetic mechanism. By extracting the clustered amino acids features, crucial numerical features are inferred for the resistance property of the given gene. Support vector machine algorithm is used to testify the reliability of feature extraction method. After carefully parameters choosing, the accuracy of the predictor achieves 79.36% in Jack-knife test, and the Mathews correlation coefficient achieves 0.5636.
Second-Generation Nickel-Base Single Crystal Superalloy

Significant increases in high temperature strength capability have been achieved in a second-generation nickel-base single crystal alloy designed for advanced military and commercial turbine airfoil applications. This new alloy, designated PWA 1484, offers a 50°F improvement in metal temperature capability (creep-rupture strength, thermal fatigue resistance, and oxidation resistance) over PWA 1480, the first nickel-base single crystal turbine alloy to enter production. PWA 1484 represents the first use of rhenium in a production single crystal superalloy. The alloy properties have been fully characterized and demonstrate an outstanding combination of high-temperature creep and fatigue strength as well as excellent oxidation resistance. Production processing of single crystal PWA 1484 castings has shown that the alloy has good castability and a wide solution heat treatment range. The superior properties of PWA 1484 have been confirmed through extensive engine testing. Superalloys 1988 Edited by S. Reichman, D.N. lhhl, G. Maurer, S. Antolovich and C. Lund The Metallurgical Society, 1988
FIGHTING POVERTY AND HUNGER IN NIGERIA FOR SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Poverty and hunger have been identified as endemic and chronic diseases that affect the progress and economic development of any nations. This is because aggregate poverty and hunger of individuals in the society is regarded as the aggregate poverty in the nation. However, when such poverty is tackled using appropriate measures/ strategies, the welfare of individuals and the nation are restored. This paper therefore examines the causes of poverty and hunger, as well as the effects and possible strategies that can be used to fight such social ills in our society. The paper then recommends that for sustainable economic growth and development to be attained the attitude of Nigerians towards government projects, non politicization of policies and programmes meant to fight poverty and hunger should be encouraged.
Familiar and Unfamiliar Face Recognition in a Crowd

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the visual search process for familiar faces differs from that for unfamiliar faces. We used a single-target visual search task and recorded eye movements of participants during the task. We employed three different types of face familiarity: personally familiar faces (friends and teachers), famous faces, and unfamiliar faces. Participants had to search through arrays of faces for a target face. In each trial, a target face and three distractor faces were horizontally aligned and presented at the same time. In the personally familiar or famous condition, the target was a personally familiar face or a famous face, respectively, and the distractor faces were unfamiliar. In the unfamiliar condition, the target was an unfamiliar face and the distractor faces were personally familiar. The reaction times to identify the target demonstrated that the visual search for unfamiliar faces is slower than that for personally familiar faces and famous faces, but there was no significant difference between reaction times to recognize the personally familiar and the famous face targets. Additionally, the eye movement results in the unfamiliar face condition showed that an exhaustive search of the entire array occurred more frequently than a self-terminating search, but this was not true for both the personally familiar faces and famous faces conditions. These results suggest that the visual search process for familiar faces (personally familiar and famous) in a crowd differs from that for unfamiliar faces.
CHECKLIST FOR USABILITY EVALUATION AND DESIGN OF SUSTAINABLE eCommerce SERVICES

A checklist for usability evaluation of eCommerce services (ECS) is developed. It is integrating eCommerce quality and usability. The checklist can be used for usability evaluation and design of eCommerce services based on data collected from customers while performing tasks, for instance, searching for products, registering with website and buying merchandise. They support the allocation of usability problems and the defining of relevant redesign measures. Significant sustainable improvement of the usability of eCommerce services is expected after implementation of redesign recommendations. The advantages of the checklist are: (1) measuring of both usability and quality of eCommerce services, (2) supporting allocation of usability problems and (3) defining of eCommerce services redesign recommendations.
Breeding system and related floral features under natural and experimental conditions of Passiflora suberosa (Passifloraceae)

The breeding system, the floral characteristics and the visitors of the polymorphic Passiflora suberosa were studied in different natural populations of Corrientes and Misiones provinces, and at a partially-opened greenhouse in Buenos Aires. The different reproductive indexes calculated evidenced that, although it is highly self-compatible, autogamy is partial. The reproductive efficiency was similar in the field and in the greenhouse. The major relative reproductive success obtained by induced selfpollination suggests that the reproductive output may be improved with the help of pollinations, either natural or artificial. Although the single flower and the blooming are inconspicuous, the floral characters may be involved in wasps attraction. The scarcity or even absence of pollinators (depending on the sites) seems to be compensated with the capacity of autogamy and the extended flowering period. The successful treatments performed in the greenhouse and the long period of time the fruits remain on the plants constitute stimulant features to cultivate this ornamental, medicinal, edible and tinctoreous species.
Étude asymptotique des algorithmes stochastiques et calcul du prix des options parisiennes

Cette these traite de deux sujets independants. La premiere partie est consacree a l'etude des algorithmes stochastiques. Dans un premier chapitre introductif, je presente l'algorithme de [55] dans un parallele avec l'algorithme de Newton pour l'optimisation deterministe. Ces quelques rappels permettent alors d'introduire les algorithmes stochastiques aleatoirement tronques de [21] qui sont au cœur de cette these. La premiere etude de cet algorithme concerne sa convergence presque sure qui est parfois etablie sous des hypotheses assez changeantes. Ce premier chapitre est l'occasion de clarifier les hypotheses de la convergence presque sure et d'en presenter une preuve simplifiee. Dans le second chapitre, nous poursuivons l'etude de cet algorithme en nous interessant cette fois a sa vitesse de convergence. Plus exactement, nous considerons une version moyenne mobile de cet algorithme et demontrons un theoreme centrale limite pour cette variante. Le troisieme chapitre est consacre a deux applications de ces algorithmes a la finance : le premier exemple presente une methode de calibration de la correlation pour les modeles de marches multidimensionnels alors que le second exemple poursuit les travaux de [7] en ameliorant ses resultats. La seconde partie de cette these s'interesse a l'evaluation des options parisiennes en s'appuyant sur les travaux de Chesney, Jeanblanc-Picque, and Yor [23]. La methode d'evaluation se base sur l'obtention de formules fermees pour les transformees de Laplace des prix par rapport a la maturite. Nous etablissons ces formules pour les options parisiennes simple et double barrieres. Nous etudions ensuite une methode d'inversion numerique de ces transformees. Nous etablissons un resultat sur la precision de cette methode numerique tout a fait performante. A cette occasion, nous demontrons egalement des resultats lies a la regularite des prix et l'existence d'une densite par rapport a la mesure de Lebesgues pour les temps parisiens.
Effective Promotion Tool in New State-Owned University

Revolutions of business and educations nowadays have forced university in the whole world think critically. Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang (Unsika) as new stateowned university is being faced highly competition which will be seen by quality. Good university therefore is that the place which has delivered satisfaction to students. In this case, satisfaction starts from good service and brand image. In short, good service will make good image of University also excellent services quality and good brand image will give students satisfied where now they are study. On the other words, if students have reached satisfaction, good prespective from students will give highly positive result to university. The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence and found the phenomenon as well as the conclusions about the effects of both of these variables that have an impact on student’s satisfaction on word of mouth students of Unsika. Furthermore, from the results of this study, is expected to increase word of mouth as an effective promotion by increasing student’s satisfaction through service quality and institution image. Based on result of research, obtained some conclusions as follows: there is effect between service qualities to students satisfaction, there is effect between institution image to students satisfaction and there is effect between students satisfaction to word of mouth. In testing the hypothesis in mind there is positive and significant. So if a university wants to increase positive word of mouth of the students, then the university should be able to provide the best quality service, maintaining the institution's image and increase students satisfaction. Keyword: Service Quality, Institution image, Students Satisfaction, Word Of Mouth, Effective promotion, New Stateowned University
How does Globalisation Affect Income Distribution in South Africa

This paper evaluates the impact of globalisation on income distribution in South Africa. There are broadly two ways in which it can affect income distribution and help to address poverty. On a macro level it can stimulate economic growth, create jobs and provide salary income to people previously not employed. In a more direct way it can impact on wages. If unskilled wages increase relative to skilled wages, it should lead to a more equal distribution. Evidence for the period 1993 – 2001 indicates that South Africa experienced highly volatile capital flows, in the form of portfolio flows, with disruptive effects on the exchange rate and interest rates. On a micro level, the opening up of trade led to considerable job losses, especially semiand unskilled workers. These were brought about mainly by the increasing importance of technology. Job losses because of import penetration were not as significant as could have been expected. On the other hand, exports did help to create jobs, but not enough to offset the negative impact of the previous-mentioned two factors. No evidence could be found that salaries of unskilled workers increased relative to highly skilled workers. Globalisation can only lead to a more equal distribution of income in South Africa if it succeeds in creating jobs – and this can only happen if the skills level of our workforce meets the conditions of the market.
CPW-Fed Circularly Polarized Slot ANTENNA with Elliptical-Shaped Patch for UWB Applications

A new design of coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed antenna with circular polarization (CP) and excellent impedance matching is presented. In this design a pair of circular-shaped slits is applied to opposite corners of the slot for enhancing the impedance matching and realizes bandwidth of 134.43% across 2.98-15.20 GHz for VSWR≤2. Furthermore this structure exhibits axial ration bandwidth (ARBW) of 36.22% across 4.43-6.39 GHz by embedding two inverted-L shaped ground arms in the slot. The total dimension of the proposed antenna is 25×25×0.8 mm3. This new design has advantages of, supporting the ultra-wideband (UWB) systems and covering the WLAN spectrums with 3dB CP radiation and VSWR≤2 simultaneously. The numerical and experimental results of the antenna explain the superiority of the proposed antenna performance with comparison to recent similar works.
Spectral distribution of atomic fluorescence coupled into an optical nanofibre

We analyse the lineshape of the fluorescence emitted by a cloud of optically excited cold atoms and coupled into an optical nanofibre. We examine the efficiency of the fluorescence coupling and describe the asymmetry of the lineshape caused by the redshifts arising from both the van der Waals and Casimir–Polder interaction of the atoms with the surface of the optical nanofibre. We compare the contributions of the van der Waals and Casimir–Polder redshifts and show that the lineshape of the fluorescence coupled into an optical nanofibre is, basically, influenced by the van der Waals redshift and is characterized by a long tail on the red side of the spectrum. We conclude that a measurement of the lineshape of the coupled fluorescence could be used to characterize the strength of the interaction of atoms with dielectric surfaces and for the detection of atoms using nanofibres.
Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia Root Rot in Tomato and Enhancement of PlantGrowth using Rhizobacteria Naturally associated to Tomato

In the present study, 25 rhizobacterial isolates, obtained from rhizosphere of healthy tomato plants collected from various tomato-growing sites in Tunisia, were tested in vitro and in vivo against Rhizoctonia solani. This bacterial collection, composed of isolates belonging to Bacillus spp. , Enterobacter cloacae, Chryseobacterium jejuense, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, was assessed for its antifungal potential against R. solani the causative agent of Rhizoctonia Root Rot disease in various crops including tomato. Antifungal activity of diffusible and volatile metabolites derived from these isolates was tested against target pathogen using dual and distance culture bioassays, respectively. Growth inhibition rates, recorded after 5 days of incubation at 25°C, depended significantly upon tested bacterial isolates and screening methods and reached 34-59% and 18-45% for diffusible and volatile metabolites, respectively. The screening of disease-suppressive and plant growth-promoting abilities of these tomato-associated rhizobacteria showed 47-100% decrease in disease severity and significant increments in plant height by 62-76%, roots fresh weight by 53-86%, and aerial parts fresh weight by 34-67% compared to pathogen-inoculated and untreated control. B. thuringiensis B2 (KU158884), B. subtilis B10 (KT921327) and E. cloacae B16 (KT921429) were found to be the most efficient isolates in decreasing R. solani radial growth, suppressing disease severity, and enhancing plant growth.