Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Composition and Distribution of Dust along the Line of Sight toward the Galactic Center

We discuss the composition of dust and ice along the line of sight to the Galactic center (GC) based on analysis of mid-infrared spectra (2.4-13 μm) from the Short Wavelength Spectrometer on the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). We have analyzed dust absorption features arising in the molecular cloud material and the diffuse interstellar medium along the lines of sight toward Sgr A* and the Quintuplet sources, GCS 3 and GCS 4. It is evident from the depth of the 3.0 μm H2O and the 4.27 μm CO2 ice features that there is more molecular cloud material along the line of sight toward Sgr A* than toward GCS 3 and GCS 4. In fact, Sgr A* has a rich infrared ice spectrum with evidence for the presence of solid CH4, NH3, and possibly HCOOH. Hydrocarbon dust in the diffuse interstellar medium along the line of sight to the GC is characterized by absorption features centered at 3.4, 6.85, and 7.25 μm. Ground-based studies have identified the 3.4 μm feature with aliphatic hydrocarbons, and ISO has given us the first meaningful observations of the corresponding modes at longer wavelengths. The integrated strengths of these three features suggest that hydrogenated amorphous carbon is their carrier. We attribute an absorption feature centered at 3.28 μm in the GCS 3 spectrum to the C–H stretch in aromatic hydrocarbons. This feature is not detected, and its C–C stretch counterpart appears to be weaker, in the Sgr A* spectrum. A key question now is whether or not aromatics are a widespread component of the diffuse interstellar medium, analogous to aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Augmented Hierarchical Phrase-Based Machine Translation

We present a method to incorporate target-language syntax in the form of Combinatory Categorial Grammar in the Hierarchical Phrase-Based MT system. We adopt the approach followed by Syntax Augmented Machine Translation (SAMT) to attach syntactic categories to nonterminals in hierarchical rules, but instead of using constituent grammar, we take advantage of the rich syntactic information and flexible structures of Combinatory Categorial Grammar. We present results on Chinese-English DIALOG IWSLT data and compare them with Moses SAMT4 and Moses Phrase-Based systems. Our results show 5.47% and 1.18% BLEU score relative increase over Moses SAMT4 and Phrase-Based systems, respectively. We conduct analysis on the reasons behind this improvement and we find out that our approach has better coverage than SAMT approach. Furthermore, Combinatory Categorial Grammar-based syntactic categories attached to nonterminals in hierarchical rules prove to be less sparse and can generalize better than syntactic categories extracted according to SAMT method.
A new separation method for Micro-Doppler information of a target with rotating parts

The classical range-Doppler algorithm canpsilat obtain clear ISAR image of a target with rotating parts. In spectrogram, the micro-Doppler information of the rotor blades is represented as the sinusoidal frequency modulation, whereas the information of main body is depicted as the form of straight lines. So the extraction of micro-Doppler is transformed to the separation of the sinusoids and straight lines. Based on this idea, a simple method of spectrogram cancellation is proposed, which can quickly achieve the purpose of separation and get clear ISAR image of main body. The effectiveness of the algorithm is proved by the simulation results.
The Joint Radar Targets Detecting and Communication System

The combined radar system architecture for joint radar target detection and communication is considered. In this system we use complex quasi-continuous waveform of the big time-bandwidth product and duration with the combined modulation. This waveform is used in interrupted continuous wave radar technique. With reference to mariner radar [1] for a radar-location and communication it is offered complex coherent radar waveform with phase and linear frequency modulation. Problems of waveform synthesis, performance characteristic of the combined system are discussed.
The effects of blogger recommendations on customers' online shopping intentions

Purpose – Blogging has become part of a consumer's decision making process when shopping online; however, the understanding of blog recommendation's effect on consumer purchase decision is still vague. The purpose of this study is to examine whether the blog reader's trusting belief in the blogger is significant in relation to the perceived usefulness of the blogger's recommendations; and how the blog reader's perceptions influence his/her attitude and purchasing behavior online. The moderating effect of blogger's reputation on readers’ purchasing intentions is also tested.Design/methodology/approach – Based on various theories, a model was proposed in this study. A survey involving 327 blog readers as participants was analyzed in the empirical study to investigate whether the usefulness of bloggers’ recommendations and trusting beliefs toward blogger had influence on consumers’ attitudes and behavioral intentions toward online shopping.Findings – The results indicated that perceived usefulness of blogger.
Memory power models for multilevel power estimation and optimization

Storage cost is a major factor in the total power consumption of digital signal processing circuits. Power models for on-chip memories are consequently an important ingredient in power aware design flows for estimation and optimization. Unfortunately, exact memory-modeling techniques are not widely applied in practice. This is mainly due to the vendors' need for intellectual property protection (IPP), the ill fit into vendors' design cycles and the significant overhead in time and manpower involved. To bridge the gap, between vendors and designers, we suggest an automatic black box modeling approach. It is based on nonlinear regression that combines all desired properties: accuracy, flexibility, speed, low overhead, a good fit into the vendors' design cycle, IP protection, plus a mathematical form that is well suited for optimization.
Flexural properties, microleakage, and degree of conversion of a resin polymerized with conventional light and argon laser.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the flexural strength, microleakage, and degree of conversion of a microhybrid resin polymerized with argon laser and halogen lamp. METHOD AND MATERIALS For both flexural test and degree of conversion analysis, 5 bar samples of composite resin were prepared and polymerized according to ISO 4049. The halogen light-curing unit was used with 500 mW/cm(2) for 20 seconds and the argon laser with 250 mW for 10 and 20 seconds. Samples were stored in distilled water in a dark environment at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. The flexural property was quantified by a 3-point loading test. For the microleakage evaluation, 60 bovine incisors were used to prepare standardized Class 5 cavities, which were restored and polished. Specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37 degrees C and thermocycled 500 times (6 degrees C to 60 degrees C). Specimens were then immersed in an aqueous solution of basic fuchsin for 24 hours. Longitudinal sections of each restoration were obtained and examined with a stereomicroscope for qualitative evaluation of microleakage. Fourier transform (FT)-Raman RFS 100/S spectrometer (Bruker) was used to analyze the degree of conversion. RESULTS ANOVA showed no statistically significant differences of flexural strength between the photoactivation types evaluated in the flexural study. Microleakage data were statistically analyzed by Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Enamel margins resulted in a statistically lower degree of leakage than dentin margins. No statistically significant difference was found among the 3 types of photocuring studied. ANOVA also showed no statistically significant difference in the degree of conversion among the studied groups. CONCLUSION According to the methodology used in this research, the argon laser is a possible alternative for photocuring, providing the same quality of polymerization as the halogen lamp. None of the photocured units tested in this study completely eliminated microleakage.
The role of knowledge management in global software engineering

Knowledge management (KM) is essential ingredient of successful coordination in globally distributed software engineering. Various frameworks and KMSs have been proposed to foster coordination and communication between virtual teams but practical implementation of these solutions has not been found. Organizations have to face challenges to implement KMS. For this purpose a literature review has arranged to investigate about challenges that restrict organizations to implement KMS and then by keep in account these challenges the need of integrated solution in the form of standardized KMS that can easily store tacit and explicit knowledge, has found to facilitate coordination among virtual teams. Literature review has been already shown that knowledge is a complex perception with profound meanings, and one of the most important resources that contributes to the competitive advantage. In order to meet different challenges caused by not properly managing knowledge related to projects among virtual teams, we suggest making use of the cloud computing model. In this research a distributed architecture to support KM storage, conceptual framework of KM as a service in cloud has proposed. Framework presented in [33] is enhanced and conceptual framework of KM has embedded into that framework to store projects related knowledge for future use.
Habilidades matemáticas de crianças surdas da educação infantil (CO)

O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal investigar o conhecimento de procedimentos e conceitos matematicos em criancas surdas da educacao infantil. Ate o momento, existe uma grande escassez de estudos sobre o desenvolvimento de conceitos e procedimentos matematicos feito com criancas surdas de idade pre-escolar. Os poucos estudos existentes, sugerem que as criancas surdas tem dificuldades em aprender a sequencia numerica. Mas, nao ha nenhuma evidencia conclusiva para dizer se esta dificuldade acontece devido a problemas de processamento cognitivo, ou, talvez seja devida ao pouco acesso a experiencias envolvendo contagem em casa e na escola. Os resultados deste estudo revelaram que as diferencas de desempenho entre criancas surdas e ouvintes estao relacionadas com a demanda linguistica.
Reporting of injection-site sarcomas in cats

THE recent Suspected Adverse Reaction Surveillance Scheme report for 2009 ( VR , July 24, 2010, vol 167, [pp 118-121][1]) records 40 reports of injection-site sarcomas in cats, compared with 42 reports in 2008. We are surprised at these numbers because, in our own database for the 18 months since
Normalité asymptotique de l’estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance dans le modèle de blocs latents

Le modele de blocs latents est une methode non supervisee de classification simultanee des n lignes et d colonnes d’une matrice basee sur un modele probabiliste de melange. Si les methodes d’estimation sont maintenant bien maitrisees, les resultats concernant l’asymptotique de l’estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance restent encore parcellaires. Sous certaines conditions de bornes sur les parametres, et pour un regime asymptotique tel que log(d)/n et log(n)/d tendent vers 0 avec n et d, nous montrons l’equivalence asymptotique du rapport de vraisemblance observee avec celui de la vraisemblance complete. Cette equivalence permet de transferer les proprietes de normalite asymptotique de l’estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance du modele complet a l’estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance.
Disordered plant LEA proteins as molecular chaperones

Plants often respond to abiotic stresses by the increased expression of LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) proteins, so called because they also accompany seed formation. Whereas the cellular function of LEA proteins in mitigating the damage caused by stress is clear, the molecular mechanisms of their action are rather enigmatic. Several models have been developed, based on their putative activities as ion sinks, stabilizers of membrane structure, buffers of hydrate water, antioxidants, and/or chaperones. Due to their known structural flexibility, this latter idea has received little experimental attention thus far. Recently, however, it has been suggested that intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) may exert chaperone activity by an “entropy transfer” mechanism. In our subsequent study published in the May issue of Plant Physiology, we provided evidence that two group 2 LEA proteins, ERD (early response to dehydration) 10 and 14, are potent molecular chaperones. This observation may have far-reaching implications, as it may explain how LEA proteins of ill-defined structures protect plant cells during dehydration, and it may also lead to the general experimental validation of the entropy transfer model of disordered chaperones. Addendum to: Kovacs D, Kalmar E, Torok Z, Tompa P. Chaperone activity of ERD10 and ERD14, two disordered stress-related plant proteins. Plant Physiol. 2008; 147: 381–390.
Věrní a rozumní: kapitoly o ekologické zpozdilosti

Kniha „Věrni a rozumni: kapitoly o ekologicke zpozdilosti“ navazuje na uspěsne tituly „Pestři a zeleni: kapitoly o dobrovolne skromnosti“ a „Vlažni a vahavi: kapitoly o ekologickem luxusu“. Autorka si klade otazku, proc v době pokracujici devastace přirody klesa zajem o jeji ochranu. Jsou vinny sdělovaci prostředky, nebo je nase hluchota vůci ekologickým problemům zakotvena v nasi mentalni výbavě, ktera se snaži nepřijemne skutecnosti vytěsňovat? Autorku zajima, proc někteři lide zůstavaji přirodě věrni. Odpověď hleda v rovině sociologicke, filozoficke, psychologicke a teologicke. Kniha vsak ctenaře překvapi i necekanou otazkou, proc vlastně přirodu chranit, když si poradi sama; neni slaba, ale silna a kruta. Empiricka cast ctenaře přivadi mezi terenni ochrance přirody – ochrance dravých ptaků. Předevsim vsak se zajima o věrnost přirodě spocivajici v ekologicky přiznive každodenni životni praxi, v male spotřebě hmotných statků. Autorka se po deseti a třiadvaceti letech vraci sociologickým výzkumem k „pestrým“. Žaci profesorky Librove, Vojtěch Pelikan, Lucie Galcanova a Lukas Kala se zajimaji o děti „pestrých“: zdědily skromný životni způsob rodiců? Kdo je vlastně v dnesnim světě rozumný, a kdo zpozdilý? Ten, kdo s pokrcenim ramen rezignuje, problemy přirody hodi za hlavu a věnuje se radostem, ktere může přinest život v umělem světě? Nebo kdo hleda prostřednictvim takzvaneho environmentalniho žalu katarzi, ktera může vyustit do aktivni ochrany přirody?
Improving oral health: current considerations.

The high incidence of periodontal disease among adults in the Western world indicates that in most cases, routine dental care could be considerably improved. The progressive effect of the disease suggests that improvements in oral cleanliness are mandatory if large numbers of adults are to retain their teeth into old age. Data show that periodontal disease can be minimized through effective plaque control, and that a combination of brushing, interdental cleaning, and chemotherapeutic agents (e.g. mouthwash) is beneficial to patients with plaque control problems. The vast majority of adults do not follow an adequate home-care routine. Average brushing times are low, and only a minority of patients regularly floss. In addition, in those patients who do regularly brush and floss, a deterioration of plaque control occurs over time, suggesting that compliance is a major issue. The principal challenge for dental professionals is to identify how best to elicit an improvement.
A Spanish matrix sentence test for assessing speech reception thresholds in noise

Objective: To develop, optimize, and evaluate a new Spanish sentence test in noise. Design: The test comprises a basic matrix of ten names, verbs, numerals, nouns, and adjectives. From this matrix, test lists of ten sentences with an equal syntactical structure can be formed at random, with each list containing the whole speech material. The speech material represents the phoneme distribution of the Spanish language. The test was optimized for measuring speech reception thresholds (SRTs) in noise by adjusting the presentation levels of the individual words. Subsequently, the test was evaluated by independent measurements investigating the training effects, the comparability of test lists, open-set vs. closed-set test format, and performance of listeners of different Spanish varieties. Study sample: In total, 68 normal-hearing native Spanish-speaking listeners. Results: SRTs measured using an adaptive procedure were 6.2 ± 0.8 dB SNR for the open-set and 7.2 ± 0.7 dB SNR for the closed-set test format. The residual training effect was less than 1 dB after using two double-lists before data collection. Conclusions: No significant differences were found for listeners of different Spanish varieties indicating that the test is applicable to Spanish as well as Latin American listeners. Test lists can be used interchangeably.
Beam-switch of microstrip array with series CRLH-TL feed configuration

A novel linear microstrip array with beam switched has been designed. Its feed network is composed of composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL). Meanwhile, microstrip antennas with broad beamwidth have been used as radiation elements. Numerical results reveal that present linear array working at large angles, has higher gain and lower side lobe level along the axis of the linear array than those of traditional microstrip arrays. Meanwhile, its 3dB beam width in the plane perpendicular to the axis is up to 170 degree.
Evidence for reduced beta-adrenoceptor coupling to adenylate cyclase in femoral arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats.

1. Arterial relaxant responses via beta-adrenoceptors have been demonstrated to be decreased in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) when compared with normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). To determine which process of the beta-adrenoceptor.adenylate cyclase (AC) system is involved in the decreased responsiveness to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation, relaxant responses to forskolin and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (db cyclic AMP) were compared strips of femoral and mesenteric arteries isolated from 13 week-old SHR and age-matched WKY. 2. The relaxant response to either forskolin, an activator of AC, or db cyclic AMP was not significantly different between the SHR and WKY, when the strips of both arteries from both strains were contracted with K+ to an equivalent magnitude (85% of the maximum). 3. Under the same conditions, however, the relaxant response to noradrenaline (NA) via beta-adrenoceptors was significantly decreased in the SHR arteries. 4. When the strips of femoral arteries were contracted with the same concentration of K+, there was a precontraction of greater magnitude in response to the K+ and a decreased relaxation in response to forskolin, db cyclic AMP or NA in the SHR. On the other hand, when the strips of mesenteric arteries were contracted with the same concentration of K+, the precontraction was smaller in magnitude and there was an increased relaxation in the SHR. 5. The relationship between the relaxant responses and the K+-induced precontractions clearly showed that the ability of forskolin and NA to relax the K+-contracted strips depends on the magnitude of precontraction. Therefore, a difference in magnitude of precontraction between the two groups may produce a meaningless difference. 6. The relaxant responses to forskolin and NA were significantly potentiated by the addition of isobutyl methylxanthine (IBMX), an inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. Even in the presence of IBMX, relaxant responses to forskolin were the same for the two strains. The difference in the pD2 value for NA-induced relaxation between the two strains was the same in the presence and absence of IBMX. 7. The relaxant effect of either nitroprusside or nifedipine, agents which are independent of this system, was not significantly different between the strips from SHR and WKY. These relaxations were not potentiated by IBMX. 8. From these results, it is concluded that the reduced beta-adrenoceptor coupling to AC is mainly involved in the decreased responsiveness to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation. Furthermore, for an accurate comparison to be made, it is necessary to minimize the influence of variations in the magnitude of precontraction on the relaxant responses.
Reconstruction 3D à partir d'un nombre limité de radiographies : application au contrôle non destructif des soudures

Nous nous interessons a la reconstruction 3D d'objets metalliques a partir d'un nombre limite de projections. L'application traitee est le controle non destructif des soudures par gammagraphies. A cause des contraintes in situ et des contraintes liees aux types de pieces et de defauts controles, les informations disponibles sont pauvres et en nombre limite. De ce fait, le probleme de reconstruction est mal pose. Afin d'obtenir une solution acceptable, nous choisissons de le regulariser dans le formalisme bayesien. L'estimateur retenu est le maximum a posteriori. C'est aussi le minimiseur d'un critere penalise. A partir de l'existant developpe a EDF, nous apportons des ameliorations qui sont, en particulier, adaptees a la reconstruction de soudures a partir de gammagraphies. D'un point de vue modelisation, nous exploitons des informations a priori originales, notamment la geometrie de la piece supposee exempte de defauts et des contraintes d'appartenance a un intervalle. Nous affinons egalement la modelisation de la formation des donnees en prenant en compte le phenomene de flou.
MODIS: an audio motif discovery software

MODIS is a free speech and audio motif discovery software developed at IRISA Rennes. Motif discovery is the task of discovering and collecting occurrences of repeating patterns in the absence of prior knowledge, or training material. MODIS is based on a generic approach to mine repeating audio sequences, with tolerance to motif variability. The algorithm implementation allows to process large audio streams at a reasonable speed where motif discovery often requires huge amount of time.
Emergence of Nosocomial Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Therapy of Colonized Personnel during a Hospital-Wide Outbreak

Abstract At the Ann Arbor Veterans Administration Medical Center, 30 patients over a 6-month period became nosocomially infected or colonized by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Immediate institution of strict infection control measures, in conjunction with surveillance cultures of personnel and treatment of carriers, did not limit spread of the outbreak strain of MRSA. Multiple nonoutbreak strains, phenotypically exhibiting heteroresistance, were also uncovered. Thirteen hospital personnel were identified as MRSA carriers. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and rifampin initially eradicated the carrier state, documented by anterior nares cultures in 13 courses of treatment in 11 employees. However, three employees were recolonized, one at one month, one at both one and four months, and one at four months. Treatment of the carrier state reservoir among personnel appeared to have no effect on the emergence and spread of nosocomial MRSA.