Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abstract 625: Preclinical characterization of an auristatin-based anti-CD19 drug conjugate, SGN-19A

Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL CD19 has multiple attributes that make it an attractive target for an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). CD19 is uniformly expressed on the cell surface of almost all malignancies of B cell origin, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In addition, CD19 has very limited normal tissue expression, restricted only to B lymphocytes and their precursors, and it internalizes rapidly, which are favorable characteristic for targeted drug delivery. SGN-19A is an ADC comprised of a humanized anti-CD19 mAb and the potent cytotoxic drug-linker maleimidocaproyl monomethyl auristatin F (mcMMAF). Here we demonstrate internalization and trafficking, in vivo antitumor activity, and in vivo on-target pharmacodynamic effect of B cell depletion following SGN-19A treatment. Internalization and trafficking of SGN-19A through the endosomal-lysosomal pathway resulted in potent in vitro cytotoxic activity against CD19+ cell lines derived from B-ALL, follicular lymphoma, diffused large B cell lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, and plasma cell leukemia. In mouse xenografts modeling different B-lineage malignancies, SGN-19A demonstrated antitumor activity including tumor regression and prolonged survival at doses well below its maximum tolerated dose. We also show that the in vivo antitumor activity is directly related to the duration of the pharmacokinetic half-life among a panel of ADCs targeting CD19. Since SGN-19A cross-reacts with its ortholog expressed in non-human primates, we examined its pharmacodynamic effect on B cell depletion in cynomolgus monkeys. Depletion of peripheral B cells was observed following SGN-19A and correlated with results from terminal immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis demonstrating the depletion of Ki67+ germinal center B cells. Furthermore, using an antibody against mcMMAF we confirmed delivery of the cytotoxic agent to the B cell areas in peripheral lymphoid tissues. Taken together, these results support the further evaluation of SGN-19A as a therapy for B-lineage derived malignancies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 625. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-625
Nichtallergische Erkrankungen der oberen und unteren Atemwege

Bei Erkrankungen der Atemwege sollten die oberen und unteren nicht isoliert betrachtet werden, da der gesamte Atemtrakt eine funktionelle Einheit darstellt. Dies ist sowohl beim allergischen, als auch beim nichtallergischen, dem Intrinsic Asthma, der Fall. Diese Asthmaform ist durch eine eosinophile Entzundung der Mukosa mit Sekret-, teilweise auch Bluteosinophilie, gekennzeichnet, die vielfach nicht nur im Bereich der Bronchien, sondern auch der oberen Atemwege nachweisbar ist. Das Krankheitsbild wird nicht durch eine exogen-allergische Reaktion unterhalten; die Atiologie ist noch unklar. Die Befunde im Bereich der oberen Atemwege werden unter dem Begriff nichtallergische, eosinophile Rhinitis (NARE-Syndrom) zusammengefasst. In vielen Fallen kommt es nach einer jahrelangen Latenzphase rhinosinusitischer Symptome zur Manifestation des Intrinsic Asthmas. Finden sich auch Nasenpolypen, besteht ein erhebliches Risiko, dass sich im Gefolge eine nicht IgE-vermittelte Intoleranzreaktion auf Aspirin und NSAR ent.
Nutrition and global prevention on non-communicable diseases.

Although much of the public health infrastructure and apparatus of international agencies has been designed to address infectious diseases and undernutrition coronary heart disease is todays leading worldwide killer one-third of deaths are caused by cardiovascular diseases and 60% of all mortality is attributable to noncommunicable diseases (NCD). The bases of this epidemiological pattern are diet tobacco and sedentarism -- factors that have their roots in social and physical environments. Over 80% of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes and 33% of cancers could be prevented by changes in lifestyle factors included among them diet weight maintenance and physical activity. Nutritional transition is continuing in developing countries with increased intakes of saturated fats and decreased consumption of dietary fibre. Examples of campaigns to alter lifestyle risk factors for the prevention of NCD can be seen in the North Karelia Project in Finland which has produced dramatic declines in age-adjusted rates in CHD over the past 25 years. There are multiple practical activities within a national policy framework to prevent NDC in various institutions including: health services; mass media; school curricula; voluntary associations; and food producers supermarkets and restaurants along with legislation and policy and monitoring and research. The WHO will work for NCD prevention at three levels: technical support and advocacy; work through regional and national policies in Member States; and global activities and initiatives. (authors)
Collaborative haptic play with building blocks

This paper introduces collaborative haptic play with building blocks which we have developed. In the play, two users do collaborative work in a 3-D virtual space by using haptic interface devices. By subjective assessment, we investigate the influences of network latency and packet loss in work where two users lift and move the blocks to build a doll-house and in work where two users lift and move the blocks from an area to another area. We deal with three cases of collaborative play in the two types of work. In one case, the two users carry the blocks by holding them together. In another case, the users carry the blocks alternately by holding them separately. In the other case, one of the two users carries each block from a position and hands the block to the other of the two users, who receives it and then carries it to another position. Assessment results show that the operability in the first case is the best among the three cases.
The Perceived Benefits of Participating in Campus Recreation Programs and Facilities: A Comparison between Undergraduate and Graduate Students

Both researchers and administrators are interested in factors that influence student success. The purpose of this study was to compare undergraduate and graduate students on the perceived benefits they received from participating in campus recreation facilities and programs. Students were randomly selected to complete the campus recreation survey, which was based upon the NIRSA/Student Voice Campus Recreation Impact Study survey. Of the students who answered the demographic questions, 35% were graduate students and 65% were undergraduate students; 43% were male and 57% were female; and the majority of the sample was White (68%). The results showed that participation in campus recreation had an influence on undergraduate and graduate students' decisions to attend and continue to attend the university. Participating in campus recreation facilities and programs had a positive influence on a variety of aspects of both undergraduate and graduate students' lives; students reported academic, health, and social benefits.
Antiepileptic Drugs and Mental Health Status of Patients with Epilepsy

Many patients with epilepsy suffer also from coexisting psychological problems. These mental comorbidities have a significant impact on quality of life of patients with epilepsy. Recent studies have shown that although antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) treat epilepsy, they may increase risk of mental disorders in these patients. Due to the lack of adequate research in this area, we assessed psychiatric disorders in patients with idiopathic tonic-clonic seizure who were treated with antiepileptic drugs. This descriptivecross-sectional research was conducted on 170 patients with tonic-clonic seizure using the SCL-90-R questionnaire and the results were analyzed by descriptive statistics, T test and chi-square test. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients was 38.8%. All antiepileptic drugs were associated with different kind of mental disorders but there wasn’t any relationship between mental disorders and any type of antiepileptic drug except psychosis that was significantly lower in sodium valproate consumers (p ≤ 0.001). Our findings show that a subgroup of epileptic patients is generally prone to develop mental disorders during antiepileptic therapy, despite different pharmacological properties of the AEDs. Negative psychotropic effects of AEDs should be considered in treatment of patients with epilepsy.
The efficacy of once weekly compared with two or three times weekly subcutaneous epoetin β: results from a randomized controlled multicentre trial

Background. Anaemia in haemodialysis patients can be effectively treated with erythropoietin. We investigated whether subcutaneous (SC) epoetin β administered once weekly was as effective as the same weekly dosage given in two to three divided doses. Methods. One hundred and fifty-eight patients (delivered Kt/V >1.0, where K=dialyser-renal urea clearance, t=dialysis time and V=filtration volume, obtained by urea kinetic modelling) were randomized to treatment with SC epoetin β either once weekly (n=118), or to their original dosage two or three times weekly (control group, n=40) for 24 weeks. All patients received intravenous iron supplementation when necessary. Results. Eight-eight patients in the once weekly group and 30 patients in the control group were treated for at least 16 weeks and are included in the analysis. Stable haemoglobin levels were maintained without epoetin dose increases in 73% of patients in both groups. Mean haemoglobin levels at randomization and after 16 and 24 weeks were 11.4, 11.1 and 11.1 g/dl, respectively, in the once weekly group compared with 11.2, 11.3 and 11.2 g/dl, respectively, in the control group. The mean weekly epoetin β dosages at randomization and after 16 and 24 weeks were 102, 103 and 106 IU/kg bodyweight, respectively, in the once weekly group compared with 109, 109 and 115 IU/kg bodyweight, respectively, in the control group. No statistically significant between-group differences were apparent for changes in haemoglobin levels or epoetin β dosages at week 24. Conclusions. Once weekly SC administration of epoetin β is as safe and effective in maintaining haemoglobin levels in stable haemodialysis patients as two or three times weekly administration of the same total dose. By using the once weekly regimen, patients can avoid up to 104 injections per year. This would reduce clinic time for patients who do not self administer, and may also encourage self-administration and improve overall compliance.
Resource-aware Automotive Control Systems Design: A Cyber-Physical Systems Approach

As the automotive industry is entering the smart era through advancesin sensing, computation, storage, communication, and actuation technologies,a larger number of more complex control applications withbetter performances are expected to be on board. This requires an implementationplatform with abundant resources, which is undesired inthe cost-sensitive automotive domain. The implementation platform,often embedded in an Electronic Control Unit ECU and shared bymultiple applications to save cost, is mainly comprised of a processorfor computation, memory for storing instructions and data, and busfor internal and external communication. Conventionally, automotivecontrol systems are designed using model-based approaches, where thedetails of the implementation platform are ignored. Techniques thatintegrate the characteristics of implementation resources into controlalgorithms design are largely missing. Such a separate design paradigmis too conservative in resources dimensioning and utilization for modernvehicles. This article presents recently developed approaches in automotivecontrol systems design that take implementation resources intoconsideration, aiming to improve the control performances for a givenamount of resources, or equivalently, realize the required control performanceswith fewer resources. While communication resources have beenextensively explored in the literature of networked embedded controlsystems, we will focus on memory and computation resources, whichhave started to receive attention from the academic community andindustry just recently. As Electric Vehicles EVs have become a newtrend in the automotive industry, energy resources of EVs, i.e., thebatteries, are also investigated. A number of real-world applicationsvalidate the resource-aware automotive systems design techniques presentedin this article.
Interactive Information Visualization to Explore and Query Electronic Health Records

Physicians are confronted with increasingly complex patient histories based on which they must make life-critical treatment decisions. At the same time, clinical researchers are eager to study the growing databases of patient histories to detect unknown patterns, ensure quality control, and discover surprising outcomes. Designers of Electronic Health Record systems (EHRs) have great potential to apply innovative visual methods to support clinical decision-making and research. This work surveys the state-of-the-art of information visualization systems for exploring and querying EHRs, as described in the scientific literature. We examine how systems differ in their features and highlight how these differences are related to their design and the medical scenarios they tackle. The systems are compared on a set of criteria: (1) data types covered, (2) multivariate analysis support, (3) number of patient records used (one or multiple), and (4) user intents addressed. Based on our survey and evidence gained from evaluation studies, we believe that effective information visualization can facilitate analysis of EHRs for patient treatment and clinical research. Thus, we encourage the information visualization community to study the application of their systems in health care. Our monograph is written for both scientific researchers and designers of future user interfaces for EHRs. We hope it will help them understand this vital domain and appreciate the features and virtues of existing systems, so they can create still more advanced systems. We identify potential future research topics in interactive support for data abstraction, in systems for intermittent users, such as patients, and in more detailed evaluations.
Primary Prevention of Anxious and Depressive Symptoms in Adoleseents First Results from a Quasi-Experiment al Study Prim~ire Pr~ivention von Angst- und depressiven Symptomen bei Adoleszenten. Erste Ergebnisse einer quasi-experiment ellen Studie

This paper describes the design of a large scaled intervention study to prove the effectiveness of a prevention programme for anxiety and depression. In addition the development and application of a programme for the primary prevention of anxiety and depression in adolescents is presented. The treatment targets anxious and depressive symptoms, cognitive distortions and attributional styles as well as social skills in 14 to 18 year old high-school students. First results on the efficacy of the prevention treatment are reported. We found small but positive effects on cognitive and social risk factors over a 6 months period. The effects of the prevention programme depend on the fidelity of the treatment imple
Results from the Swedish National Screening Programme 2007 Sub report 1: Amines

Summary Amines are important chemicals that are being used in a vast number of chemical processes. As an assignment from the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, a screening study of a selected number of amines has been performed. The overall objective of the screening was to determine the concentrations of amines in a variety of media in the Swedish environment.
Cyclo((-D-Gly 3 -L-Asp 3 )) in combination with C and D polypeptide chains of NS3; suggestion a novel nanoparticle to stimulate immune system against hepatitis C

Development of a hepatitis C vaccine is a challenge. Although several vaccines are currently under development, no effective vaccine is currently available. Non structural proteinNS3can stimulate TH1 and make enhancement in NS3-specific interferon-γ (IFN-γ) serum level. It is thought to use nanoparticles which are biodegradable and safe to body can be a novel approach to deliver epitops as vaccine. Adding the polypeptides components of NS3 on cyclic hexa peptide nanorings with the ability to stimulate immune system without any risk of infection is the main goal of this research. In present study, the nano structures were designed using Hyperchem TM 8.0. 6 software and ArgusLab 4.0. 1 package. Cyclo [(-D-G3-L-D3)] nanoring has been studied by quantum mechanical calculations within the Onsager selfconsistent reaction field model at room and critical body temperatures, using Gaussian 03 package. Radius of gyration and φ and ψ rotation were analyzed with VMD 1.8. 2. Montecarlo molecular mechanic method in both MM+ and Bio+ (Charmm) force fields were operated in 200pSec. 1, 2 and 3 polypeptide chains of C and D, separated from NS3 of protease (PDB ID: 1NS3), were substituted to the core. It was revealed that by increasing the polypeptide substituent, the potential energy was increased in systems. The mean of relative potential in Cyclo [(-D-G3-L-D3)] substituted with D-polypeptide chain was about two times more stable than the one of Cpolypeptide chain, in the same condition. Φ and ψ, changes due to temperature arising were approved in these cases. Although both C and D polypeptide chains were stable in water medium (such as body condition), the results revealed that D chain is more stable to use for nanovaccine fabrication. The Cyclo [(-D-G3-L-D3)] with three substituent of D-chain is suggested, based on results.
Relating ontology and web terminologies by feature vectors: unsupervised construction and experimental validation

Search is among the most frequent activities on the Web. However, the search activity still requires extra efforts in order to get satisfactory results. One of the reasons is heterogeneous information resources and exponential growth of information. In this paper we try to tackle these issues. We elaborate on an approach to construction of semantic-linguistic feature vectors (FV) that are used in search. These FVs are built based on domain semantics encoded in an ontology and enhanced by relevant terminology from Web documents. The value of this approach is twofold. First, it captures relevant semantics from an ontology, and, second, it accounts for statistically significant collocations of other terms and phrases in relation to the ontology entities. In this paper, we elaborate on the extended FV construction process and evaluate the FV quality with respect to a set of heterogeneous ontologies. The evaluation shows that ranking of entities is significant neither for FV quality nor FV construction process. However, the results demonstrate that the construction process is most sensitive to taxonomy type of ontologies while usage of advanced and rich ontologies produces better quality FVs.
Convex Optimization: Algorithms and Complexity

This monograph presents the main complexity theorems in convex optimization and their corresponding algorithms. Starting from the fundamental theory of black-box optimization, the material progresses towards recent advances in structural optimization and stochastic optimization. Our presentation of black-box optimization, strongly influenced by Nesterov's seminal book and Nemirovski's lecture notes, includes the analysis of cutting plane methods, as well as (accelerated) gradient descent schemes. We also pay special attention to non-Euclidean settings (relevant algorithms include Frank-Wolfe, mirror descent, and dual averaging) and discuss their relevance in machine learning. We provide a gentle introduction to structural optimization with FISTA (to optimize a sum of a smooth and a simple non-smooth term), saddle-point mirror prox (Nemirovski's alternative to Nesterov's smoothing), and a concise description of interior point methods. In stochastic optimization we discuss stochastic gradient descent, mini-batches, random coordinate descent, and sublinear algorithms. We also briefly touch upon convex relaxation of combinatorial problems and the use of randomness to round solutions, as well as random walks based methods.
ON THE DETECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF URINARY BLADDER CARCINOMA

On the Detection and Management of Urinary Bladder Carcinoma Andreas Thorstenson, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Urology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Aims: To describe the diagnosis and clinical course of an unselected population-based cohort of patients with newly diagnosed transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. To assess if random bladder biopsies and the detection of concomitant carcinoma in situ have an impact on management and clinical outcome in bladder cancer patients. To study the functional outcome after cystectomy performed with a prostatic capsule and seminal sparing approach. To investigate possible effects on gastrointestinal functions caused by the intestinal reconstruction in patients with orthotopic ileal neobladder. Patients and methods: This study prospectively included 78% (538 patients) of all newly detected bladder cancer patients in the Stockholm region 1995 to 1996. The patients were followed for at least five years. Choice of treatment, recurrence, progression and survival were studied. The same cohort was then analyzed in order to determine possible impact of random bladder biopsies on choice of treatment and cancer-specific survival. Twenty five male bladder cancer patients who underwent prostatic capsule and seminal sparing cystectomy were evaluated by a questionnaire concerning urinary-, boweland sexually related symptoms. Twenty eight patients who underwent radical cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder were compared with ten patients who underwent TURBT concerning possible effects on gastrointestinal functions, such as enterohepatic circulation of bile salt, gastric emptying and gastrointestinal hormone levels. Results and conclusions: In this study none of the patients with PUNLMP (WHO 1999) progressed or died, confirming the low malignant potential. In the group of patients with TaG1-G2, only 2/187 patients (1%) died of bladder cancer. In contrast, patients with TaG3 or T1G2-G3, after five years of follow-up, had a cancer-specific death rate of 30%. Patients with TaG3 or T1G2-G3 in whom random bladder biopsies were performed were more likely to be treated with intravesical BCG compared to patients without random biopsies (58% vs. 23%, p=0.002). The Cox proportionalhazard ratio for death due to bladder cancer comparing TaG3 or T1G2-G3 patients without vs. with random biopsies was 2.5 (95% CI 1.1-5.6). For patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer the cancer-specific survival at five years was 31% and only 61% of the patients underwent a treatment with curative intention. However, our data indicates that in selected patients, prostatic capsule and seminal sparing cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder combines an appropriate oncological outcome with a satisfactory function of the lower urinary tract. When the distal ileum was removed from the gastrointestinal tract for orthotopic neobladder substitution, bile salt induced diarrhoea was found in 1/3 of the patients. Most of the patients that developed bile salt induced diarrhoea were relieved of their symptoms by cholestyramine.
The Effects of Stretching on Performance

Stretching long has been commonplace in the training programs of recreational and competitive athletes. Its role in performance enhancement has been debated. This review discusses the literature concerning the effects of static, dynamic, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on performance in three categories of sporting activity: strength- and power-dominant, speed- and agility-dominant, and endurance-dominant activities.