Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Racemic 2′-hydroxy-4′,4′-dimethylpyran-1,5-dihydroxyxanthone monohydrate

The title xanthone (systematic name: 3,6,11-trihydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrochromeno[2,3-f]chromen-7-one monohydrate), known as pruniflorone N, crystallized as a monohydrate, C18H16O6·H2O. The three ring systems of the xanthone skeleton are approximately coplanar, with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0270 (1) Å from the plane through the 14 non-H atoms. The O atoms of the two hydroxy substituents on the benzene rings also lie close to this plane, with deviations of 0.019 (1) and 0.070 (1) Å. The 2′-hydroxy-4′,4′-dimethylpyran ring is disordered over two positions with a 0.798 (3):0.202 (3) site-occupancy ratio. An intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal, the xanthone and water molecules are linked into a three-dimensional network by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak C—H⋯O interactions. π–π interactions, with centroid–centroid distances of 3.5982 (7), 3.6081 (7) and 3.6456 (7) Å, are also observed.
Social Perception of Geo-Hydrological Risk in the Context of Urban Disaster Risk Reduction: A Comparison between Experts and Population in an Area of Southern Italy

The perception of risk is influenced by how the signals about impacts of events are collected, selected, and interpreted. Empirical data suggest that significant differences in the perception of risk occur within the non-expert population itself, as well as between experts and non-expert population. The paper seeks to examine the risk perception of citizens living in an area subject to high hydro-geological risk of Calabria (Southern Italy), and understanding if local policy makers are aware of how local residents perceive risk. Quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to analyze the perception of experts, stakeholders and citizens on the following research topics: (i) perception of geohydrological risk, involvement in past events and behavior exhibited; (ii) information, communication, preparedness, and feeling of safety and trust. The results of the survey showed the communication gap between experts and people, evidencing the need for local authorities and experts to disseminate the culture of awareness on the risk and to increase the safety level of the citizens by means of participated actions aimed at reducing urban disaster risk.
Social Changes & Social Media Usage amongst Emirati Female

Similar to other world’s regions, the reputation and utilization of social media has risen exponentially within few years in the United Arab Emirate (UAE). The upward shift in the UAE female use of social media invited the researcher to conduct this study. The research aimed at comprehending the reasons behind increase in the social media popularity among the Emirati females. It also investigated the reasons that are causing the Emirati female increase their social media usage. The study, through the methods of comparison with the previous situation in the UAE, methods of analysis and description, is focused on the way of changing traditional believes aligned with females and how women rights in full citizenship was achieved. The study also discusses the social and economic progress in the last decade. It also follows the discussion of Internet stages of development until it reached today’s level of usage among the Emirati female.
Reassembly of the Tight Junction after Oxidative Stress Depends on Tyrosine Kinase Activity*

Oxidative stress compromises the tight junction, but the mechanisms underlying its recovery remain unclear. We developed a model in which oxidative stress reversibly disrupts the tight junction. Exposure of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells to hydrogen peroxide markedly reduced transepithelial resistance and disrupted the staining patterns of the tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin. These changes were reversed by catalase. The short-term reassembly of tight junctions was not dependent on new protein synthesis, suggesting that recovery occurs through re-utilization of existing proteins. Although ATP levels were reduced, the reduction was insufficient to explain the observed changes, since a comparable reduction of ATP levels (with 2-deoxy-d-glucose) did not induce these changes. The intracellular hydrogen peroxide scavenger pyruvate protected Madin-Darby canine kidney cells from loss of transepithelial resistance as did the heavy metal scavengerN,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine. Of a wide variety of agents examined, only tyrosine kinase inhibitors and protein kinase C inhibitors markedly inhibited tight junction reassembly. During reassembly, tyrosine phosphorylation in or near the lateral membrane, was detected by immunofluorescence. The tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and PP-2 inhibited the recovery of transepithelial resistance and perturbed the relocalization of ZO-1 and occludin to the tight junction, indicating that tyrosine kinases, possibly members of the Src family, are critical for reassembly after oxidative stress.
Topical delivery of methotrexate via skin pretreated with physical enhancement techniques: low‐fluence erbium:YAG laser and electroporation

The high hydrophilicity and molecular weight of methotrexate (MTX) make it difficult to deliver via the skin route for treating psoriasis or rheumatoid arthritis. The objective of this study was to enhance and optimize the skin permeation of MTX using two physical techniques: an erbium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Er:YAG) laser and electroporation.
The value of measuring urinary β2-microglobulin and serum creatinine for detecting tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome in young patients with uveitis.

IMPORTANCE Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome is characterized by tubulointerstitial and ocular inflammation. Thus far, the value of noninvasive diagnostic tests is not known. OBJECTIVE To determine whether urinary β2-microglobulin (β2M), urinary protein, and serum creatinine have predictive value for detecting TINU syndrome in young patients with uveitis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective cohort study was conducted July 2010 through February 2013 at a tertiary care referral center in Utrecht, the Netherlands. Forty-five consecutive new patients with uveitis aged 22 years or younger were enrolled. EXPOSURES Urinary β2M, urinary protein, and serum creatinine were measured prospectively, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES A post hoc analysis was performed to determine whether urinary β2M, urinary protein, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and/or pyuria were correlated with definitive and probable cases of TINU syndrome. RESULTS Eighteen of the 45 patients (40%) in our cohort had elevated urinary β2M levels, and 10 patients (22%) had elevated serum creatinine levels. Twenty of 43 patients (47%) had proteinuria. Eight of the 45 patients were diagnosed by a pediatric nephrologist as having renal dysfunction that suggested acute interstitial nephritis. Of these 8 patients, 2 were definitively diagnosed as having TINU syndrome (confirmed by renal biopsy). After excluding other causes of renal dysfunction, the remaining 6 patients with uveitis and renal dysfunction fulfilled the criteria of probable TINU syndrome. The 8 patients with definitive or probable TINU syndrome had higher urinary β2M levels than patients with normal renal function (median β2M, 1.95 mg/L; 95% CI, 1.26-5.16 mg/L vs 0.20 mg/L; 95% CI, 0.19-0.21 mg/L; P < .001; Mann-Whitney U test). Our analysis revealed that the positive predictive value of increased β2M combined with increased serum creatinine was 100% for detecting definitive and/or probable TINU syndrome. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These data suggest that urinary β2M and serum creatinine levels are sensitive and relatively simple diagnostic screening tools for detecting renal dysfunction to diagnose TINU syndrome in young patients with uveitis similar to those evaluated in this study.
Long run energy demand and its determinants: a panel cointegration analysis of the association of Southeast Asian nations-5

Energy determinants continue to reinforce the sustained rise in energy demand over the coming years. Such concern has captured considerable attentions among the governments worldwide in the anticipation of its unabated rise to jeopardize a country’s long term energy security. Specifically, this paper investigates the interplay between energy demand and its determinants notably world oil price, economic growth, population, urbanization and energy access in the ASEAN-5 over the 2000–2016 period. At the aggregated level, the long run results reveal that economic growth, energy access and urbanization have significant effects on energy demand. However, the results vary by the disaggregated fuel type, respectively. Therefore, energy conservation policy is the viable option in the ASEAN-5 going forward. Also, the policy makers are suggested to secure for reliable and affordable energy supplies with minimal environmental impacts, promote a sustainable development and socio-economic growth and enhance the quality of life.
Bone growth from 11 to 17 years: relationship to growth, gender and changes with pubertal status including timing of menarche

The tempo and change in bone growth during puberty in relation to physical growth is described in a cohort of 56 boys and 52 girls. Distal forearm bone width, mineral content and volumetric density, anthropometry and pubertal status were measured at ages 11, 13, 15 and 17 y, and bone age at 17 y. Bone width and mineral content increased independently with age for each pubertal stage. Volumetric density fell during early puberty and then increased rapidly. Maximal increase of all bone variables occurred earlier in girls than in boys and earliest for bone width, then mineral content, then density. In girls most change occurred in the 12 mo before and after menarche. The degree of tracking was similar to that for height. Bone growth followed physical growth but at a slower tempo. By age 17 y boys had attained 86% of the reference adult bone mineral content and volumetric density; girls had attained 93% of the reference adult bone mineral content and 94% of volumetric density. Those skeletally mature at 17 y had greater mineral content and volumetric density. To maximize peak bone mass, modifiable environmental factors should be optimized before the onset of puberty and be maintained throughout this period of rapid growth and beyond attainment of sexual maturity.
A probiotic approach to caries management.

The surgical approach has been the predominate mode of caries management for the past 150 years. Dentistry has, however, in recent years moved toward an antibiotic/antimicrobial model of disease management. This approach, however, raises serious questions: (1) do the antibiotic/antimicrobial agents (chlorhexidine, povidone iodine, fluoride, etc) kill all offending organisms? ; (2) if so, do the agents preclude the re-entry of the same organisms from external sources? ; and (3) if the agents do kill all the offending organisms, do any remaining pathogenic organisms have selective advantage in repopulating the tooth surfaces? To overcome the problems inherent in an antibiotic/antimicrobial approach, probiotic methods are currently under study as means of caries management. This paper discusses probiotic approaches, such as genetically modified Streptococcus mutans and targeted antimicrobials in the management of dental caries. Implications for this approach in the management of other diseases are also presented.
Robust image watermarking in contourlet domain using multi objective genetic algorithm

This paper presents a novel digital watermarking algorithm using Contourlet and Discrete Cosine transforms to perceptually shape the watermark by taking care of two conflicting parameters imperceptibility and robustness. Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm is used to decide the optimal watermarking strength (a). Contourlet transform is used to get better quality by taking care of Human Visual System and better robustness under various kinds of linear and non-linear filtering attacks. Discrete Cosine Transform with Zigzag scanning is used to detect the watermark blindly. The watermark embedding process is applied over the sub-band coefficients that lie on the edges and around the edges where distortions are less noticeable. The proposed algorithm provides an excellent tradeoff between robustness and imperceptibility and it is image adaptive. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improved the resistance to attacks especially JPEG compression with 5% quality, Median filter with a mask of 6 × 6, resizing up to 20% and various non-linear filtering attacks. Motivation of presented work is to adapt a watermark sequence to those frequency components of an image which provide a transparent and robust watermark.
Methane emissions, economic growth and agriculture: evidence of environmental kuznets curve for Argentina

Este documento proporciona evidencia de la existencia de una Curva ambiental de Kuznets (EKC) a largo plazo para Argentina desde 1970 hasta 2012, que es el país con mayor producción de carne en la región. Existe una relación dinámica entre las emisiones de metano, el crecimiento económico y las actividades agrícolas. La metodología autorregresiva del retraso distribuido se utilizó para probar la cointegración a largo plazo. Además, utilizamos el modelo de corrección de errores del vector para probar la causalidad y verificar el valor predictivo de las variables independientes. De hecho, se encontró una relación cuadrática entre las emisiones de metano y el crecimiento económico. El efecto de la agricultura fue el único inesperado, y eso se debe a la reducción de las emisiones de metano gracias a las políticas adecuadas relacionadas con el uso de la tecnología en la agricultura.
The Staging of Colorectal Cancer: 2004 and Beyond

Stage is the strongest predictor of survival for patients with colorectal cancer. Accurate staging also is critical for appropriate patient management and meaningful clinical research. Uniform staging criteria applied in a uniform manner are essential for accurate evaluation of therapies and outcomes. Historically, numerous different staging systems for colorectal cancer have been employed, but a single internationally recognized system is required to ensure a common language for cancer that is understood by clinicians in all specialties. For the tumor, node, metastasis system to remain relevant, it has to continuously undergo critical evaluation and change when clinically indicated.
A randomized trial of a group cognitive intervention for preventing depression in adolescent offspring of depressed parents.

BACKGROUND Adolescent offspring of depressed parents are at high risk for development of depression. Cognitive restructuring therapy holds promise for preventing progression to depressive episodes. METHODS A randomized, controlled trial was conducted to prevent depressive episodes in at-risk offspring (aged 13-18 years) of adults treated for depression in a health maintenance organization (HMO). Potential adult cases were found by reviewing the HMO pharmacy records for dispensation of antidepressant medication and the mental health appointment system. Medical charts were reviewed for a depression diagnosis. Recruitment letters signed by treating physicians were mailed to adults. Eligible offspring had subdiagnostic depressive symptoms insufficient to meet full DSM-III-R criteria for affective disorder and/or a past mood disorder. These youth were randomized to usual HMO care (n = 49) or usual care plus a 15-session group cognitive therapy prevention program (n = 45). RESULTS We detected significant treatment-by-time (program) effects for the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (P=.005) and the Global Assessment of Functioning scores (P =.04). Survival analysis of incident major depressive episodes during a median 15-month follow-up found a significant advantage (P =.003) for the experimental condition (9.3% cumulative major depression incidence) compared with the usual-care control condition (28.8%). CONCLUSION A brief, group cognitive therapy prevention program can reduce the risk for depression in the adolescent offspring of parents with a history of depression.
Bubble Budgeting: Throughput Optimization for Dynamic Workloads by Exploiting Dark Cores in Many Core Systems

All the cores of a many-core chip cannot be active at the same time, due to reasons like low CPU utilization in server systems and limited power budget in dark silicon era. These free cores (referred to as bubbles) can be placed near active cores for heat dissipation so that the active cores can run at a higher frequency level, boosting the performance of applications that run on active cores. Budgeting inactive cores (bubbles) to applications to boost performance has the following three challenges. First, the number of bubbles varies due to open workloads. Second, communication distance increases when a bubble is inserted between two communicating tasks (a task is a thread or process of a parallel application), leading to performance degradation. Third, budgeting too many bubbles as coolers to running applications leads to insufficient cores for future applications. In order to address these challenges, in this paper, a bubble budgeting scheme is proposed to budget free cores to each application so as to optimize the throughput of the whole system. Throughput of the system depends on the execution time of each application and the waiting time incurred for newly arrived applications. Essentially, the proposed algorithm determines the number and locations of bubbles to optimize the performance and waiting time of each application, followed by tasks of each application being mapped to a core region. A Rollout algorithm is used to budget power to the cores as the last step. Experiments show that our approach achieves 50 percent higher throughput when compared to state-of-the-art thermal-aware runtime task mapping approaches. The runtime overhead of the proposed algorithm is in the order of 1M cycles, making it an efficient runtime task management method for large-scale many-core systems.
An Integrated Four-Element Slot-Based MIMO and a UWB Sensing Antenna System for CR Platforms

This communication presents a novel integrated antenna system for cognitive radio (CR) applications. The design consists of a compact four-element reconfigurable annular slot-based multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system integrated within an ultrawideband (UWB) sensing antenna. All the antenna elements are planar in structure and designed on a single substrate (<italic>RO-4350</italic>) with dimensions <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$60\times 120\times 1.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm<sup>3</sup>. The frequency reconfigurable slot-based MIMO antenna system is tuned over a wide frequency band from 1.77 to 2.51 GHz while the UWB sensing antenna is covering from 0.75 to 7.65 GHz The proposed antenna system is suitable for CR enabled wireless devices. The envelop correlation coefficient did not exceed 0.248 in the entire operating band of the MIMO antenna part. The maximum measured gain of the MIMO antenna is 3.2 dBi with a maximum efficiency of 81%.
Predictive models in diagnosing indolent cancer

The early detection of prostate cancer has led to the increased incidence of tumors that are unlikely to become symptomatic during life: so‐called indolent cancers. The ability to predict indolent prostate cancer is needed to avoid over treatment by unnecessary invasive therapies and to select men for active surveillance. For this report, the currently available nomograms that predict these low‐risk tumors were reviewed. Many of these nomograms were based on clinical patient series, thus, their general application is restricted. Those nomograms based on screening series of the general population need further validation before generalized application is feasible. Cancer 2009;115(13 suppl):3100–6. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
What Accounts for Differences in Uninsurance Rates across Communities?

Using data from the 1996–97 Community Tracking Study household survey, this study examines variations in uninsurance rates across communities in the United States. Specifically, regression-based decomposition is used to identify factors that account for high rates of uninsurance in some communities. Differences in explained rates between “high uninsurance” and “low uninsurance” communities are the result of differences in the racial/ethnic composition and socioeconomic status of the population (33%), differences in employment characteristics (26%), and state Medicaid eligibility requirements (12.7%). Although higher costs are associated with a higher likelihood that individuals are uninsured, high-cost communities tend to have lower rates of uninsurance as a result of other factors. Despite the large number of identifiable factors included in the analysis, there is still a substantial amount of unexplained regional variation in uninsurance rates.
Information, Liquidity, Asset Prices, and Monetary Policy

What determines which assets are used in transactions? We develop a framework where the extent to which assets are recognizable determines the extent to which they are acceptable in exchange--i.e. it determines their liquidity. Recognizability and liquidity are endogenized by allowing agents to invest in information. We analyse the effects of monetary policy. There can be multiple equilibria, with different transaction patterns, and these patterns are not invariant to policy. We show that small changes in information may generate large responses in asset prices, allocations, and welfare. We also discuss some issues in international economics, including exchange rates and dollarization. Copyright , Oxford University Press.
The Toyota Way or the unions’ way?: Examining the nexus between lean and unions in Toyota Australia

Abstract An earlier special issue of this journal (Vol. 25, Issue 21, 2014), focused on the use of the lean model in developed countries. The authors of the introductory article (Bamber, Stanton, Bartram and Ballardie, 2014, pp. 2881–2891) observed that lean in an employment relations-unionist paradigm is relatively an under researched area, despite several organizations attempting to introduce lean being unionized. Resultantly, two broad themes they identified for further research, included the relationship between lean and employee unions, and the involvement of unions in the implementation of lean. This article addresses these themes by paying attention to an actual case study of the attempts made by the Japanese automotive giant Toyota, to establish its customized lean model within its unionized Australian affiliate TMCA (Toyota Motor Corporation Australia), during the period 1959–2015. The findings suggest that there is an acrimonious relationship between lean and the unions – as evidenced by Australia’s strong manufacturing unions that posed significant challenges to Toyota’s efficacious implementation of lean practices – and concur with a few of the key reasons that informed the decision taken by the company’s top management in 2014 to cease their Australian manufacturing operations by 2017.