Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motor Skills of Obese and Severely Obese Children and Adolescents - A CIRCUIT Study.

During childhood, excessive weight is negatively associated with the development of motor skills, with children with overweight or obesity having poorer motor skills compared to children with normal weight. The objectives of the current study are to identify the differences in motor skills between children and adolescent with obesity and severe obesity and the extent of this difference. To do so, we examined cross-sectionally 165 subjects. Physical fitness was analyzed in both participants with obesity (>97-99.9 BMI percentile) and severe obesity (>99.9 BMI percentile) using eight standardized tests: sit-and-reach, grip force, sit-ups, push-ups, balance, hand-eye coordination, standing long jump and 5-meter shuttle run. Poorer performance were observed in participants with severe obesity in sit-ups (children: 59%; 18.6±17.0 percentile value vs. 29.5±23.2 percentile value, p=0.008), balance (adolescent: 59%; 12.1±12.2 sec. v. 19.3±13.9 sec., p=0.034) and in the 5-meter shuttle run (children: 49%; 14.0±13.9 percentile value vs. 20.8 ± 19.4 percentile value, p=0.046; adolescents: 11%; 13.2±2.2 sec. vs. 11.8±1.6 sec., p=0.008) compared to obese counterparts. In conclusion, while physical performance was found to be similar between the different obesity levels for the majority of tests, youth with severe obesity demonstrated impairments ranging from 11 to 59% in specific tests.
Videoconferencing in psychiatry : a survey of use in northern Norway

A survey of the use of videoconferencing in mental health care was carried out in northern Norway. A questionnaire was distributed to all user institutions in northern Norway at the same time that ISDN became available, in mid-1995. The questionnaire completion rate for locations recorded as participants in videoconferencing sessions was 62%. Within six months, a total of 1028 persons had participated in 140 videoconferencing sessions from 35 institutions. The purposes of videoconferencing included meetings (50%), supervision, training and teaching (31%), clinical consultations (14%) and tests or demonstrations (5%). The alternative forms of contact which videoconferencing replaced included travel (59%), no contact (25%), telephone (14%), and mail or fax (2%). No problems were reported in 55% of the sessions; in 19% there were audio problems, in 14% there were picture problems, in 5% attempts to connect failed and in 5% disconnection occurred. The majority of users (87%) reported that they were satisfied or very satisfied with the facility; 8% were uncertain and 5% were less satisfied or totally dissatisfied. Continued surveying will provide longitudinal data on the diffusion of telepsychiatry in northern Norway.
Spatial and seasonal patterns in acoustic detections of sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus along the continental slope in the western North Atlantic Ocean

The distribution and seasonal movements of sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus are poorly understood in the western North Atlantic Ocean, despite a long history of human exploitation of the species. Cetacean surveys in this region are typically conducted during the summer, when weather conditions are amenable for visual observation, resulting in a seasonal bias in species occurrence data. In the present study, we conducted multi-year passive acoustic monitoring to assess year-round sperm whale occurrence along the continental slope between Florida and New England, USA. Between 2011 and 2015, we collected 2037 d of recordings using bottom-mounted recorders deployed at 5 sites. We analyzed these recordings for sperm whale echolocation clicks, which were detected commonly between New England and North Carolina, but infrequently off the coast of Florida. In the northern half of the study region, we observed distinct seasonal patterns in the daily prevalence of sperm whale clicks, with a winter peak in occurrence off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, followed by an increase later in the spring at sites further north. South of Cape Hatteras, seasonal patterns were less apparent. We detected sperm whale clicks during all hours of the day throughout the study area, and did not observe strong diel patterns. Overall, our results provide a comprehensive year-round baseline on the occurrence of sperm whales across multiple recording sites, demonstrating the utility of passive acoustic monitoring to assess patterns in sperm whale occurrence across broad spatial and temporal scales.
Effect of atmosphere composition on the quality of ready-to-use broccoli raab (Brassica rapa L.).

BACKGROUND Many leafy brassicas are widely used for ready-to-use salads. Broccoli raab (Brassica rapa L.), also called turnip top, or rapini, is extensively cultivated in southern Italy. The edible portion is made up of the green, immature inflorescences and the stem with its most tender leaves. Recently, interest in this crop has increased among European consumers; moreover, a substantial increase in consumption could come from the ready-to-use product. RESULTS The effects of four different atmosphere compositions (air, 3% O(2) in nitrogen, 3% O(2) + 10% CO(2) in air, and 10% CO(2) in air) on quality attributes of ready-to-use broccoli raab were studied. Controlled atmosphere affected appearance, composition, respiration rate, weight loss, and presence of off-odours. Storage of broccoli raab florets under low oxygen conditions delayed post-cutting deterioration during storage at 5 degrees C and preserved appearance and typical odour, up to 17 days. Moreover, respiration rate as well as loss of green colour, chlorophyll and vitamin C were also slowed down in this condition. Finally, in this study no effect of controlled atmosphere storage was found on total phenols content and antioxidant activity. CONCLUSION Results showed that cold storage in 3% O(2) can be beneficial in order to maintain quality of ready-to-use, broccoli raab for up to 17 days.
Bone marrow transplantation: it's not just about blood anymore!

Abstract: Bone marrow transplantation is established as effective cell therapy for hematopoietic disorders. With the recognition that bone marrow also contains mesenchymal stem cells, with the potential to differentiate to a wide variety of mesenchymal tissues, bone marrow transplantation, in theory, may be used to treat many nonhematopoietic disorders as well. Here, we present an overview of the developments of clinically oriented marrow mesenchymal stem cell biology and it's early applications as adjunct cell therapy in conventional stem cell transplantation, and most importantly as stem cell therapy for nonhematopoietic disorders.
Follicular lymphoma: 2011 update on diagnosis and management

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is generally an indolent B‐cell lymphoproliferative disorder of transformed follicular center B cells. FL is characterized by diffuse lymphoadenopathy, bone marrow involvement, splenomegaly, and less commonly other extranodal sites of involvement. In general, cytopenias can occur but constitutional symptoms of fever, nightsweats, and weight loss are uncommon.
Sexual dimorphism for protein kinase c epsilon signaling in a rat model of vincristine-induced painful peripheral neuropathy.

Painful peripheral neuropathy is a major dose-limiting adverse effect of many cancer chemotherapeutic agents, such as the vinca alkaloids and taxanes. Recent studies demonstrate sexual dimorphism in second-messenger signaling for primary afferent nociceptor sensitization, and a role of second messengers in the models of metabolic and toxic painful peripheral neuropathies. This study tested the hypothesis that sexual dimorphism alters the severity and second-messenger signaling pathways for enhanced nociception in an animal model of vincristine-induced painful peripheral neuropathy.I. V. injection of vincristine induced mechanical hyperalgesia that was greater in female rats. Gonadectomy in the females but not the males abolished the sex-dependent difference in mechanical hyperalgesia; this effect of gonadectomy in females was reversed by estrogen replacement. Inhibition of protein kinase C epsilon (PKC epsilon ) attenuated vincristine-induced hyperalgesia in males and ovariectomized females, but not in normal females or in estrogen-replaced ovariectomized females. Inhibitors of protein kinase A, protein kinase G, p42 / p44-mitogen activated protein kinase and nitric oxide synthase also attenuated vincristine-induced hyperalgesia, but to a similar degree in both sexes. These data demonstrate an estrogen-dependent sexual dimorphism in vincristine-induced hyperalgesia (female>male) and an unexpected opposite sexual dimorphism in the contribution of PKC epsilon to the severity of this hyperalgesia (male>female).
Indirect iterative learning control design based on 2DOF IMC for batch processes with input delay

In this paper, an indirect type iterative learning control (ILC) scheme is proposed for industrial batch processes with input delay, based on using a two-degree-of-freedom control (2DOF) internal model control (IMC) structure. An important merit is that the 2DOF IMC design for robust closed-loop control against process uncertainties and load disturbance is independent of the ILC design specifically for set-point tracking. To realize prefect tracking, an ILC controller in the form of proportionalderivative (PD) is proposed for the convenience of implementation. There is a single adjustable parameter in the proposed ILC controller, which may be monotonically tuned to meet a good trade-off between the tracking performance and its robustness against process uncertainties. Sufficient conditions to guarantee the convergence of ILC are derived. An illustrative example is used to demonstrate the effectiveness and merit of the proposed ILC method.
Protein Kinase B (PknB) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Essential for Growth of the Pathogen in Vitro as well as for Survival within the Host*

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis PknB plays a critical role in modulating cell division and cell wall synthesis. Results: We present a comprehensive evaluation of the importance of various domains of PknB in modulating cell survival. Conclusion: The intracellular kinase domain and extracytoplasmic PASTA domains of PknB are essential for cell survival. Significance: PknB is essential for both in vitro growth and survival of the pathogen in vivo. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein kinase B (PknB) comprises an intracellular kinase domain, connected through a transmembrane domain to an extracellular region that contains four PASTA domains. The present study describes the comprehensive analysis of different domains of PknB in the context of viability in avirulent and virulent mycobacteria. We find stringent regulation of PknB expression necessary for cell survival, with depletion or overexpression of PknB leading to cell death. Although PknB-mediated kinase activity is essential for cell survival, active kinase lacking the transmembrane or extracellular domain fails to complement conditional mutants not expressing PknB. By creating chimeric kinases, we find that the intracellular kinase domain has unique functions in the virulent strain, which cannot be substituted by other kinases. Interestingly, we find that although the presence of the C-terminal PASTA domain is dispensable in the avirulent M. smegmatis, all four PASTA domains are essential in M. tuberculosis. The differential behavior of PknB vis-à-vis the number of essential PASTA domains and the specificity of kinase domain functions suggest that PknB-mediated growth and signaling events differ in virulent compared with avirulent mycobacteria. Mouse infection studies performed to determine the role of PknB in mediating pathogen survival in the host demonstrate that PknB is not only critical for growth of the pathogen in vitro but is also essential for the survival of the pathogen in the host.
An Ancient Portal to Proteolysis

The discovery in archaea of an alternative proteasome based on Cdc48 provides insights into the evolution of protein degradation machines. Selective protein degradation in eukaryotes is mediated primarily by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, in which the small protein ubiquitin is covalently attached to a target protein to signal its degradation by the 26S proteasome (1). The ubiquitin-proteasome system may include as many as 1000 distinct gene products, thus constituting one of the broadest regulatory systems in nature. Recent work, including a report by Barthelme and Sauer on page 843 of this issue (2), has shed light on how this baroque pathway may have evolved and raises some unexpected possibilities for the mechanism by which proteins are delivered to proteasomes for their destruction.
Definitions of 'healthy' eating: a pan-EU survey of consumer attitudes to food, nutrition and health.

OBJECTIVE To describe the perceptions of a healthy diet across Europe and to explore the socio-cultural factors that influence these perceptions. DESIGN A cross-sectional study in which quota-controlled, nationally-representative samples of approximately 1000 adults from each country completed a face-to-face interview-assisted questionnaire. SETTING The survey was conducted between October 1995 and February 1996 in the 15 member states of the European Union. SUBJECTS 14331 subjects (aged 15 y upwards) completed the questionnaire. Data were weighted by population size for each country and by sex, age and regional distribution within each member state. RESULTS Responses were grouped into broad categories; overall 80% (specific country rates varied from 67-91%) of respondents mentioned either more fruit and vegetables or less fat, fatty foods, or a low fat diet, or balance and variety. The effects of age, gender and level of education were also explored: educational level appeared to have the strongest influence on perceptions of a healthy diet. Respondents who mentioned the family as a key influence on food choice, were more likely to mention eating more fruit and vegetables as part of a healthy diet. Respondents who stated that they did not have any source of information about diet were less likely to mention balance and variety or less fat or more vegetables. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study suggest that many people defined healthy eating in a way which would suggest that the healthy dietary guidelines are having some impact. The results also show, however, that there may be specific groups who are missed by current national campaigns, and that any European wide campaigns to change attitudes about healthy eating need to consider the baseline perception of healthy eating reported here.
The Aetiology of Subacromial Impingement Syndrome Key Words Shoulder , pathology , subacromial impingement

Introduction Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) is a general term used to describe a variety of conditions that may act independently or in combination, and manifest as anterior or anterior-lateralsuperior shoulder pain. SIS occurs as a result of pathology of one or more of the structures located within the subacromial space. The pain is associated with a loss of shoulder function, especially during overhead activities, occurring during vocational, sporting or the normal activities associated with daily living. The subacromial space has also been termed the acromio-humeral joint or the bursal joint (Wiles, 1955), the supraspinatus outlet (Neer and Poppen, 1987), and the suprahumeral space (Calliet, 1991). These names reflect the borders and contents of this region. The superior border is the coracoacromial arch, comprising the inferior surface of the acromion, the coracoacromial ligament and the coracoid process. The inferior border comprises the greater tuberosity and superior aspect of the head of the humerus. Petersson and RedlundJohnell (1984) in a series of 175 radiographs reported that the mean distance between the inferior border of the acromion and the superior border of the humerus in an anteroposterior projection was between 9 to 10 millimetres (mm). Located within the subacromial space are the tendons of the rotator cuff and the long head of biceps, the subacromial/subdeltoid bursa and the superior capsule of the glenohumeral joint. During elevation of the arm the greater tuberosity moves closer to the acromion, narrowing the space. SIS results from pathology of any of these structures. The inferior aspect of the acromioclavicular joint has also been implicated in the aetiology and pathogenesis of SIS (Petersson and Gentz, 1983).
Is the N1c category of the new american joint committee on cancer staging system applicable to patients with rectal cancer who receive preoperative chemoradiotherapy?

Pericolorectal tumor deposits (TDs) are associated with adverse outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer, and the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system recently classified TDs without regional lymph node metastasis as category N1c. However, the definition of TDs has varied. Moreover, with the recent, widespread application of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in rectal cancers, residual primary tumor confined to the mesorectum is not infrequent, and it is unclear whether the N1c category is appropriate for these tumors.
Intimate Partner Aggression Perpetrated and Sustained by Male Afghanistan, Iraq, and Vietnam Veterans With and Without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) consistently evidence higher rates of intimate partner aggression perpetration than veterans without PTSD, but most studies have examined rates of aggression among Vietnam veterans several years after their deployment. The primary aim of this study was to examine partner aggression among male Afghanistan or Iraq veterans who served during Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and compare this aggression to that reported by Vietnam veterans with PTSD. Three groups were recruited, OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD (n = 27), OEF/OIF veterans without PTSD (n = 31), and Vietnam veterans with PTSD (n = 28). Though only a few comparisons reached significance, odds ratios suggested that male OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD were approximately 1.9 to 3.1 times more likely to perpetrate aggression toward their female partners and 1.6 to 6 times more likely to report experiencing female perpetrated aggression than the other two groups. Significant correlations among reports of violence perpetrated and sustained suggested many men may have been in mutually violent relationships. Taken together, these results suggest that partner aggression among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with PTSD may be an important treatment consideration and target for prevention.
La survie en hémodialyse chronique au Cameroun

Introduction L'hémodialyse est le seul traitement de substitution rénale disponible au Cameroun; elle est subventionnée à 95% par l'Etat depuis 2002 et le nombre de centre de dialyse va croissant. Cependant, depuis l'ouverture du premier centre en 1990, aucune donnée n'existe sur la survie des hémodialysés chroniques. Méthodes Nous avons conduit une étude de cohorte prospective multicentrique de 15 mois dans le but d'évaluer la mortalité et les facteurs qui influencent la survie des hémodialysés chroniques camerounais. Résultats Nous avons suivi 197 patients dont 109 incidents. L'âge moyen était de 47,97± 13,19 ans et 55% étaient de sexe masculin. La durée moyenne en dialyse des patients prévalent était de 12,5 mois. Le taux de mortalité était de 57,58% dont 50% pendant les 3 premiers mois et le taux d'abandon était de 8,6%. L'urémie et les sepsis sur cathéter étaient les principales causes de décès. La survie globale à 15 mois était de 30,77%, avec une durée moyenne de vie de 8 mois. Les patients prévalent, la résidence dans la ville du centre de dialyse, la prise en charge non familiale, le suivi pré dialyse > 3 mois, la cholestérolémie à l'entrée en dialyse> 1,5g/l, un score mental > 25 étaient associés à une meilleure survie. Conclusion La mortalité en hémodialyse au Cameroun est élevée, avec une survie moyenne de 8 mois et la plupart des patients décèdent au cours des 3 premiers mois.
LAUNDRY DETERGENTS AS A SOURCE OF HEAVY METALS IN IRISH DOMESTIC WASTEWATER

Concentrations of Cd, Cu and Zn in 175 detergent samples representing twenty-one brands of washing powders were analysed. Mean concentrations of 3.03 (± 0.50) μg Cd/g, 2.61 (± 1.22) μg Cu/g and 15.23 (± 7.26) μg Zn/g were recorded. The concentration of cadmium was much lower than previously reported. The daily contribution of metals from laundry washing are in the order of 54.5 μg Cd/ca/d, 47.0 μg Cu/ca/d and 274.1 μg Zn/ca/d. In Irish municipal wastewater the contribution from detergents of these metals are 31.9% for Cd, 0.24% Cu and 0.30% for Zn. This has important implications for sewage sludge disposal.
Emotional Foundations of Individual's Perception: The Case of Technology Radicalness

Due to the growing importance of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, universities and corporate training programs have included such systems into their curricula using novel tools, such as ERP simulation games. To improve our understanding of individuals’ learning patterns, in this study we extend prior cognition based models by incorporating emotions. Moreover, we highlight the role of perceived radicalness, which mediates the relationship between emotions and individual willingness to learn. Our research model draws from the appraisal tendency framework and includes four distinct classes of emotions: challenge, achievement, loss, and deterrence emotions. We conducted a lab experiment to test the model in an ERP simulation game context. The preliminary results indicate that perceived radicalness is an important mechanism via which classes of emotions impact students' learning behaviors. We also found that, in general, negative emotions had more effect on radicalness perceptions compared to positive emotions.
Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis.

OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy, dose-responsiveness and safety of the newer release formulations of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) compared to placebo or sulfasalazine (SASP) in the maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis. SEARCH STRATEGY A computer-assisted literature search for relevant studies (1981-1998) was performed using MEDLINE, BIOS, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Trials Register, and Science Citation Index, followed by a manual search of reference lists from previously retrieved articles, review articles, symposia proceedings, and abstracts from major gastrointestinal conferences. SELECTION CRITERIA Studies were accepted for analysis if they were prospective, randomized, double-blinded, and placebo- or SASP-controlled clinical trials of parallel design with treatment duration of at least six months. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Based on an intention to treat principle, the primary outcome was the failure to maintain clinical or endoscopic remission. Secondary outcomes were the number of patients experiencing adverse events, the number of patients withdrawn due to adverse events, and exclusions or withdrawals after entry into the study (not due to relapse). All data were analyzed using the Peto odds ratio and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). MAIN RESULTS The Peto odds ratio for the failure to maintain clinical or endoscopic remission (withdrawals and relapses) for 5-ASA versus placebo was 0. 47 (95% CI, 0.36 to 0.62) with an NNT of 6. These values were also calculated for the trials in which SASP and 5-ASA were compared, revealing an odds ratio of 1.29 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.57), with a negative NNT value (-19), suggesting a higher degree of therapeutic effectiveness for SASP. SASP and 5-ASA had similar adverse event profiles, with odds ratios of 1.16(0.62 to 2.16), and 1.31(0.86 to 1.99), respectively. The NNH values were determined to be 171 and 78 respectively. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS The newer 5-ASA preparations were superior to placebo in maintenance therapy. However, the newer preparations had a statistically significant therapeutic inferiority relative to SASP.