Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlated response of nesting behavior to selection on voluntary wheel-running activity in one year old house mice (Mus domesticus)

The influence of genetic correlations over the life span of an organism has rarely been studied and is little understood. Knowledge of the influences of genetic correlations across ontogeny will further the understanding of the effect of correlated responses to selection across ontogeny and hence the evolution of organisms. In previous studies, nesting behavior was shown to be negativ~ly geneti~ally correlated with high voluntary lIN l1'f ( : I, ) wheel-running activit);. at 10 w~eks of ag1L.Because~nestbUildi~havioris ~orrelated (.,t.~" 1 I_ . --:::_ ) with Darwinian fitness, these cgrrelations represent a form of evolutionary constraint. Herein nest-building behavior was measured in 53-week-old mice that were from the 16 generations of an artificial selection experiment for high wheel running activity. Because the ontogenetic trajectories for wheel running were significantly different between control and selected mice across ontogeny, we hypothesized that the negative correlated response in nesting behavior would also be maintained. When body mass was statistically excluded from the model, both female and male mice from the selected Jines built significantly smaller nests than mice from the control lines; however, when body mass was included in the model, no significant differences were measured. This indicates that the correlated response of nesting behavior is mediated by body mass, which is similar to results that were found from a previous study performed on 10 week old mice from the 10 generation of the same selection and control lines. Results from this study suggest that the negative genetic correlation between nesting behavior and wheel running behavior remains static through the life-span, and that selection for traits at early ages can have lasting effects on the expression of traits into senescence. \. h~ ",,( \., ('J""d,l ~,~,.,,\ '.) . \\? ;t ", \\ '. /v. ~. , "t.ot '1{\'~\~ l\l,I'} \ \JV l~"L"'ll )\. ,,1>,, \J. ·,~\\J."J·A (~".~ 1 / \1 il. 'l'lo,I" ,~Ikl,. ,b,A1. i»). l~ 3
Mating system parameters in Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw. based on RAPD markers.

This study investigated the mating systems in Stylosanthes guianensis, an important tropical forage legume. Twelve progenies were analyzed with 21 polymorphic random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) loci. The mating parameters estimated using the mixed mating model showed that this population practices a mixture of selfing (61.4%) and out-crossing (38.6%) for reproduction. The results also indicated that the fraction of multilocus out-crossing of about 8.2% occurred among related individuals. Low values were obtained for correlation of paternity (0.212 ± 0.046) and correlation of selfing among families (0.102 ± 0.001). These results have important implications to establish strategies of maintenance of germplasm and genetic breeding.
Landscape Visualization in High Resolution Stereoscopic Visualization Environments

immersion and the possibility of providing them with an impression of the real-world size of objects. This can be used to help the general public to participate in landscape planning issues. In one project, which was our initial motivation for looking into the matter of showing digital landscapes on such a system, the project partners want to investigate users’ preferences regarding the types, size and distribution of wind turbines in onshore windfarms. However, trying to obtain users’ opinions by presenting them simply with different choices will most probably be too abstract. Imagine, for example, people who are interviewed about their opinion of windfarms and asked to decide between larger or smaller wind turbines in relation to the minimum distance they should be allowed to have from the next village. In most cases the person interviewed will have no notion of what it means to see a 120m high wind turbine from a distance of one kilometer. Furthermore, by travelling interactively through a 3D representation of the potential future windfarm and its surrounding landscape, viewers would also become aware of effects such as the visual occlusion of the wind turbines by trees which might influence their view on the question of whether or not turbines should be placed in or near forests. Within a dense forest the turbines, even if they have to be taller than on an open field, might only be visible to someone strolling through the forest from a much shorter distance, due to this effect of occlusion. To aid the viewer in imagining and understanding the scenery, we use a projection-based stereoscopic visualization environment with an approximately 6×3 meter large screen and corresponding projections on the floor and sidewings. In order to achieve a high resolution of approximately 6400×1800 pixels, 13 SXGA+ projectors are used to run this system. Figure 1 shows a picture taken in our display system. The image is generated frame sequentially for the left and the right eye and users wear special glasses which separate these images, so that they get a real 3D stereoscopic view. Viewers are headtracked, so that they can turn their head and move while the image is always computed in a way that correctly maintains perspective, and they can move through the virtual landscape using a kind of pointer. The rendering is done using 13 normal workstations with high-end graphics boards. The use of such large-scale Virtual Reality systems is common in the oil and gas or automotive industries but rare in the environmental sector. The Macaulay Institute in Aberdeen uses a cylindrical 3-channel projection for public participation (MACAULAY 2008). The Collaborative for Advanced Landscape Planning at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, uses its Landscape Immersion Lab, a 3-channel projection, for visualizing and investigating landscapes (CALP 2008).
AN ANALYTIC CALCULATION OF THE ELECTRON CLOUD LINEAR MAP COEFFICIENT

The evolution of the electron density during multibunch electron cloud formation can often be reproduced using a bunch-to-bunch iterative map formalism. The coefficients that parameterize the map function are readily obtained by fitting to results from compute-intensive electron cloud simulations. This paper derives an analytic expression for the linear map coefficient that governs weak cloud behaviour from first principles. Good agreement is found when analytical results are compared with linear coefficient values obtained from numerical simulations.
WINNING FORMULAS FOR METAPHOR DESIGN: A CASE STUDY OF DESIGN COMPETITIONS

This paper introduces a set of winning formulas for metaphor-oriented design competitions from one hundred entries. Structure mapping theory is used to describe the similarity-based metaphor quality of the entries in the form of attributes, while rough set theory is used to induce the rules for winning formulas from the vague data. The formulas reveal high prediction accuracy when the inference decisions are compared with thirty award winners.They have been applied to a design prize winner for its metaphor created by analogy, suggesting their advantages.
The Qualitative Report The

Abstract Human nature is a very complex phenomenon. In physical therapy this complexity is enhanced by the need to understand the intersection between the art and science of human behavior and patient care. A paradigm is a set of basic beliefs that represent a worldview, defines the nature of the world and the individuals place in it, and helps to determine criteria used to select and define research inquiry. A paradigm guides scientific inquiry, not only in the manner in which an investigation is performed, but also in how the investigator defines truth and reality and how the investigator comes to know truth or reality. A paradigm guides the types of research questions that will be posed, the methodological approach to the inquiry, and criteria for assessing the trustworthiness of the inquiry. Research plays an important role in enabling physical therapists to fully embrace the values of the profession, including evidence-based practice and client-centered care, in making informed clinical decisions. However, to do so, the research provided must include not only the views of the researchers, but also the lived experiences of the clients as well. This paper provides the reader with a solid foundation in the positivist/post-positivist, constructivist, and critical theorist research paradigms and how they apply in physical therapy practice. Research perspectives in physical therapy are explored, as are implications for future practice in physical therapy.
Explaining Canada's Changing FDI Patterns

This paper is motivated by the following question: Why are Canadian multinational enterprises (MNEs) expanding so rapidly abroad (especially outside North America) and foreign MNEs locating in Canada less often? To answer this question, we explain trade and FDI patterns simultaneously, employing the standard gravity model to explain the former and an augmented gravity model to explain the latter. The augmentation takes into account elements of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, new growth theories, public policy, and institutions. Our evidence for Canada and 29 trading partners from 1970 to 1998 measures the roles that each of these theories have in explaining Canada's FDI. We provide new or different results on the impact on FDI of exchange rate movements and volatility, financial market liquidity, R&D performance, institutional quality, and policies directed towards FDI. We also provide strong evidence of complementarity between trade and FDI.
Semantic Based Information Retrieval System Using Modified Inverse Document Frequency

Today, Information Retrieval (IR) provides users with documents that will satisfy their information need. Word sense ambiguity is a cause of poor performance in IR system. IR performance will be increased if ambiguous words can be correctly disambiguated. Word Sense disambiguation (WSD) is the task to assign the correct meaning to such ambiguous words based on the surrounding context. Various senses provided by WSD process have been used as semantics for indexing the documents to aid the information retrieval system. K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) is used for effective text classification in WSD process and the Vector Space Model (VSM) is used for IR process. The cosine similarity method is used in both KNN and VSM to calculate the similarity in which term frequency and inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) scheme is used to calculate the weight of each word. There is a challenge that the original TF-IDF scheme eliminates the related senses although there is a related sense. This paper thus proposes the modified TF-IDF method, so called TF-MIDF, to solve the no-relevant problem by modifying the IDF equation to improve the accuracy of IR performance. By comparing the performance between the original IDF scheme and the MIDF scheme, the average precision results of the original TF-IDF method is 71% and the average precision results of the TF-MIDF is 80%. Therefore, the proposed methodology is more precise than the original method while retrieving the relevant documents of the required information.
Economics versus Politics in Canadian Payroll Tax Policies

In recent years the federal government has increased its reliance on payroll taxes. This approach is revealed most directly in Employment Insurance premiums but also emerges in planned increases for Canada Pension Plan premiums. Economic criteria support these moves to the extent that premiums are strongly linked to benefit entitlements. However, much of the EI and increased CPP premiums are unrelated to benefits and thus constitute general payroll taxes. Such taxes compare favourably in economic terms with some alternative taxes but are regressive when imposed with a ceiling on taxable earnings. These developments appear to be driven by political pressures rather than economic criteria. If the government is politically constrained from raising the rates of other, more visible taxes (such as income tax and GST), then the payroll tax changes may be economically optimal choices subject to the constraint. In the longer run, basic reform of the other taxes and reduced reliance on general payroll taxes would be desirable.
FACTORS INFLUENCIG SOFTWARE MIGRATION DECISION: CASE STUDIES OF ACERLORMITTAL TUBARÃO AND THE CITY GOVERNMENT OF SERRA, ESPIRITO SANTO

The objective of this research is to identify the factors that influence the migration of free software to proprietary software, or vice-versa. The theoretical framework was developed in light of the Diffusion of Innovations Theory (DIT) proposed by Rogers (1976, 1995), and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) proposed by Venkatesh, Morris, Davis and Davis (2003). The research was structured in two phases: the first phase was exploratory, characterized by adjustments of the revised theory to fit Brazilian reality and the identification of companies that could be the subject of investigation; and the second phase was qualitative, in which case studies were conducted at ArcelorMittal Tubarao (AMT), a private company that migrated from proprietary software (Unix) to free software (Linux), and the city government of Serra, in Espirito Santo state, a public organization that migrated from free software (OpenOffice) to proprietary (MS Office). The results show that software migration decision takes into account factors that go beyond issues involving technical or cost aspects, such as cultural barriers, user rejection and resistance to change. These results underscore the importance of social aspects, which can play a decisive role in the decision regarding software migration and its successful implementation.
Lakes beneath the ice sheet: The occurrence, analysis, and future exploration of Lake Vostok and other Antarctic subglacial lakes

▪ Abstract Airborne geophysics has been used to identify more than 100 lakes beneath the ice sheets of Antarctica. The largest, Lake Vostok, is more than 250 km in length and 1 km deep. Subglacial lakes occur because the ice base is kept warm by geothermal heating, and generated meltwater collects in topographic hollows. For lake water to be in equilibrium with the ice sheet, its roof must slope ten times more than the ice sheet surface. This slope causes differential temperatures and melting/freezing rates across the lake ceiling, which excites water circulation. The exploration of subglacial lakes has two goals: to find and understand the life that may inhabit these unique environments and to measure the climate records that occur in sediments on lake floors. The technological developments required for in situ measurements mean, however, that direct studies of subglacial lakes may take several years to happen.
Morphometrics and Body Condition Index of Eurasian Collared-Dove and Mourning Dove in Durango, Mexico

In order to incorporate the knowledge of two species of wild doves and compare the results of both, we assessed morphometrics (body weight, bill, tarsus, tail, wing, head and culmen length) and body condition index (using weigh, wing, tail and tarsus length) of Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto and Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura (Aves: Columbidae) based on 40 specimens of each species collected during fall-winter 2013 and spring-summer 2014 in the municipality of Durango, Durango, Mexico. We found that body condition index was higher during fallwinter for both species. We also found size dimorphism. Males of Eurasian Collared-Dove were larger than females in head length (p = 0.002) and tail length (p = 0.05) but smaller in culmen length. Female Mourning Doves had a higher body condition index compared to males (p = 0.02) during both seasons. As expected, Eurasian Collared-Dove was larger in all measurements than Mourning Dove (p > 0.05) but tail length (p = 0.12).
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan model pendidikan multikultural di Sekolah Pembauran Medan. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pene- litian dilaksanakan di Sekolah Pembauran Medan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik obser- vasi, wawan

This study was aimed to describe a model of the multicultural education implemented in Sekolah Pembauran Medan, North Sumatra. This study employed the qualitative approach using the case study approach. The study was conducted in Sekolah Pembauran Medan. The data collection techniques consisted of observations, interviews and documentation. The main research instrument was the researchers themselves supported by observation sheets and interview guidelines. The data analysis was performed using the interactive analysis developed by Miles and Huberman. The research findings showed that Sekolah Pembauran Medan is the name used to refer to the school under the Education Foundation of Sultan Iskandar Muda using the Whole School Approach which includes: the vision and policies of the school; leadership and management; capacity and culture; activities of learners; collaboration with wider communities; and curriculum and instruction.
Do Cheaters Bunch Together? Profit Taxes, Withholding Rates and Tax Evasion

We use firm-level administrative data from Ecuador to study the implications of 'reverse withholding' for firms' tax behavior. Withholding does not affect tax liability of firms, but it may result in a discontinuity in the audit probability around the withholding threshold. Exploiting variation in withholding rates across industries and over time, we find that firms' profit taxes concentrate near the withholding rate. To explore the link between bunching and evasion, we use data from third party reports on sales and costs. We show that the firms that bunch are more likely to conceal their sales and inflate their costs. Finally, we create a profile of the firms that bunch and of their general managers: medium size firms in the coastal region headed by single males are significantly more likely to bunch and, presumably, to evade taxes.
Language and Literacy Strategies in Teaching Mathematics: Do they Correlate with Students’ Psychological Needs?

Premised on a constructivist theory and self-determ ination theory, the current study explores the rela tionship between students’ performance in mathematics and th eir psychological needs as a result of using langua e and literacy strategies. Using a socio cognitive-transformative materials design model, eighty-six grade four stude nts from a private school in Northern Mindanao were selected as respon de ts to answer the pretest and posttest assessment , the modified Basic Need Satisfaction Scale questionnaire, and th e Focused Group Discussion checklist. Moreover, thr ough a mixedmethod research design, frequency and percentage di stribution, weighted mean, paired-sample t-test, Pe arson Correlation Coefficient, linear regression, classroom observati on, and FGD analysis were used to determine if the use of language and literacy strategies in teaching mathematics helps i mprove students’ performance and how it correlates to their psychological needs. On the basis of the results of this research, it can be concluded that the use of language and literacy strategies helps improve the math performance of st udents from both class groups regardless of their s ection. Moreover, results suggest that when more process types of ass essments are given to students, their need for comp etence also increases. Hence, this thesis hopes to offer new pe dagogical approaches to math teachers as they cater to 21 century learners and how to meet the demands of an integral education.
Biomass explains the intensity of facilitative – not competitive – interactions: three intraspecific tests with annuals

Abstract. Despite efforts to discern the role of plant size in resource competition, the circumstances under which size-dependent plant-plant interactions occur are still unclear. The traditional assumption is that competition intensifies with increasing neighbour size. However, recent studies suggest that the size (biomass) dependence of competitive interactions is strongest at very low biomass levels and becomes negligible after a certain threshold neighbour biomass has been reached. We searched for the generality of such patterns for three common annual plant species in Israel. We monitored target and neighbour biomass along their entire lifecycle using an even-aged, intraspecific and intrapopulation competition screenhouse experiment under water-limited conditions. For all focal species, neighbour presence had a net negative effect on vegetative biomass at harvest. However, this was not explained by increasing neighbour biomass over time, as a consistent pattern of size-dependent facilitative, rather than competitive, interactions was observed at all life stages. We explain these observations in terms of co-occurring aboveground facilitation and dominant belowground competition for water. Since our findings are the first of their kind and contradict theoretical predictions of biomass dependence of net negative interactions, we advocate further experiments addressing size dependence in interactions among plants. In particular, theoretical models addressing size dependence of positive interactions must be developed.
Impact of Demographics and Perceptions of Investors on Investment Avenues

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate how investment choice gets affected by the demographics and perceptions of the investor. Investor’s behavior is influenced by many factors at the time of investment decision making. Demographic profile and perceptions play an important role to select a particular choice of investment. This paper helps to enhance the knowledge on different investment avenues like bank deposits, life insurance policies, mutual funds and equity which in turn will be highly useful to the financial advisors as it will help them advise their clients regarding these avenues with respect to their demographic profiles. The study also highlights the evidences that the investment choice depends on and is affected by the demographic variables and perceptions. However, the results of this research shows that the most investors have little knowledge on the investment avenues for their investments. Mann Whiteny ‘U’ test, Kruskal- Wallis has been conducted to test the hypotheses with the help of SPSS. Logistic regression results of this study proves that investors’ age, gender, education and occupation significantly influences the selection of investment avenues. Wealth Management professionals emphasizes that customer behavior and psychology play a vital role in successfully building and sustaining a wealth management relationship. Behavioral finance is new emerging science which focuses on understanding the psychology effects on investment decision.
Natural plant resources in anti-cancer therapy-A review

Cancer is one of the most common devastating disease affecting millions of people peryear. Cancer has been estimated as the second leading cause of death in humans. So therehas been an intense search on various biological sources to develop a novel anti-cancer drugto combat this disease. Plants have proved to be an important natural source of anti-cancertherapy for several years. About 30 plant derived compounds have been isolated so far andare currently under clinical trials. These anti-cancer compounds have been found to beclinically active against various types of cancer cells. Further research in this area may leadto better treatment of cancer.