Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eph Receptor Signaling and Ephrins

Liu, et al. Melany J. Wagner, Melissa M. Stacey, Bernard A. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Mediated Angiogenesis Saharinen, et al. Michael Jeltsch, Veli-Matti Leppänen, Pipsa Eph Receptor Signaling and Ephrins Pasquale Erika M. Lisabeth, Giulia Falivelli and Elena B. Biology of the TAM Receptors Greg Lemke Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Effects of Membrane Trafficking on Signaling by Marta Miaczynska VEGFR and Type-V RTK Activation and Signaling Masabumi Shibuya Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in the Nucleus Graham Carpenter and Hong-Jun Liao Therapeutic Target MET: A Critical Player in Tumorigenesis and
Nexus: A Quantum Theory of Space-Time, Gravity and the Quantum Vacuum

One of the main problems of contemporary physics is to find a quantum description of gravity. This present approach attempts to remedy the problem through the quantization of a finite but large flat Minkowski space-time by means of Fourier expansion of the displacement four vector. By applying second quantization techniques, space-time emerges as a superposition of space-time eigen states or lattices of quantized space-time vibrations also known as gravitons. Each lattice element four vector is a graviton and traces out an elementary four volume (lattice cell). The stress-momentum tensor of each graviton defines its curvature and also the curvature of the associated lattice as described by General Relativity. The eigen states of space-time are found to be separated by a quantum of energy equal to the product of the Hubble constant and the Planck constant. The highest energy state is at Planck energies. This paper also shows that gravitons can be absorbed and emitted by the space-time lattice changing the volume of its primitive cells and that particles of observable matter are associated with a graviton whose frequency is equal to the particle’s Compton frequency which the lattice can absorb producing a perturbation in the lattice. The space-time lattice is found to be unstable and decays by radiating low energy gravitons of energy equal to the product of the Hubble constant and the Planck constant. This decay causes the space-time superstructure to expand. The graviton is seen a composite spin 2 particle made from a combination of spin half components of the displacement four vector elements. The spin symmetry of its constituent elements can breakdown to give rise to other vector or scalar bosons. Dark Matter is seen as a consequence of Bose-Einstein statistics of gravitons which results in some regions of the lattice having more energy than others.
The Impact of the First Goal in the Final Result of the Futsal Match

Among the many technical and tactical aspects of the behavior of players, the goals are the most studied. The goal is the key to success for teams and its analysis in all matches of a major futsal tournament ( World Cup) that allows multiple assessments. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the first goal for the final result in the futsal match, identifying the team that scored the first goal of the match and the final result obtained by this team : win, draw or lose. W e analyzed all the matches (n=306), in all the 7 FutsalWorld Cups (1989 to2012) organized by FEdEration
System for Detecting Urban Areas with High Density of Vehicle Incidents and Issues

This paper presents an on-board perception and pre-collision system, aimed at detecting traffic risky situations in urban areas, as well as trying to avoid collision with other traffic participant deploying automatic braking and/or evasive steering maneuver. Information related to the detected risky situations is recorded in a vehicles’ local database. Local data are then transferred later into a global database that can be exploited for finding out remarkable traffic hotspots. This analysis is aimed at analyzing risky situation patterns, optimize resource allocation, and improve emergency call responses. Keywords-Data Mining;Event Data Recorder; Black-box; Accident Hotspots; Intelligent Transport Systems; Computer Vision; Road Safety; Traffic
Set processing and complex object assembly in Volcano and the REVELATION project

The REVELATION project aims at combining the conceptual power of encapsulated behavior in objectoriented database systems with query optimization and set-oriented processing. Volcano is an extensible query processor developed for education and research. In this report, we describe evaluation of complex expressions over sets of complex objects, and selective and efficient retrieval of a set of complex objects and their components into memory. Assembling complex objects in buffer memory is widely regarded as essential for increasing performance in object-oriented database systems.
Osmotic adjustment is a significant mechanism of drought resistance in Pinus pinaster and Pinus canariensis

Se estudiaron mecanismos de resistencia a la sequia en poblaciones aridas de P.canariensis y P. pinaster. Tras cuatro meses en cultivo hidroponico, se sometio a las plantas a un tratamiento de sequia durante dos semanas anadiendo polietilenglicol (PEG-6000) a la solucion. Se evaluaron dos niveles de deficit hidrico (Psi = -1MPa, Psi = -2 MPa) y un tratamiento control (Psi = -0,03 MPa). El contenido hidrico relativo (RWC) de las plantulas fue muy bajo durante todo el ensayo. Las dos poblaciones mostraron una gran capacidad de ajuste osmotico con indices de ajuste osmotico de 0,63 (ajuste osmotico de 1,33 MPa a un 80% de RWC) en P. canariensis y 0,54 (ajuste osmotico de 1,25 MPa a un 80% de RWC) en P-. pinaster. El crecimiento radical y la relacion raiz:parte aerea fueron estimulados por la sequia. Se encontraron patrones de reparto de biomasa opuestos entre las plantas estresadas y las control. Mientras que las primeras destinaron mas materia seca a las raices, las no estresadas invirtieron mas en biomasa foliar. El medio de cultivo causo un estres adicional a la planta por lo que las comparaciones de ensayos de sequia utilizando PEG con otros protocolos deben de tenerlo en cuenta.
Promotional e ff ect of nitric acid treatment on CO sensing properties of SnO 2 / MWCNT nanocomposites

In this paper, SnO2/MWCNT nanocomposites with different types of MWCNTs, namely as-received, acid treated and Ag-decorated, were synthesized via a facile method and their CO gas sensing properties were investigated. Microstructure and phase formation of the synthesized composites were studied using FE-SEM and XRD, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to study the functional groups on the surface of MWCNTs after acid treatment. CO gas sensing results showed that the samples containing 0.8 wt. % MWCNT with 2 h acid treatment by HNO3 have the best response to CO gas.
trees Duroia hirsuta ants in 'devil's gardens' is increased herbivory on schumanni Myrmelachista The devil to pay: a cost of mutualism with

‘Devil’s gardens’ are nearly pure stands of the myrmecophyte, Duroia hirsuta , that occur in Amazonian rainforests. Devil’s gardens are created by Myrmelachista schumanni ants, which nest in D. hirsuta trees and kill other plants using formic acid as an herbicide. Here, we show that this ant–plant mutualism has an associated cost; by making devil’s gardens, M. schumanni increases herbivory on D. hirsuta. We measured standing leaf herbivory on D. hirsuta trees and found that they sustain higher herbivory inside than outside devil’s gardens. We also measured the rate of herbivory on nursery-grown D. hirsuta saplings planted inside and outside devil’s gardens in ant-exclusion and control treatments. We found that when we excluded ants, herbivory on D. hirsuta was higher inside than outside devil’s gardens. These results suggest that devil’s gardens are a concentrated resource for herbivores. Myrmelachista schumanni workers defend D. hirsuta against herbivores, but do not fully counterbalance the high herbivore pressure in devil’s gardens. We suggest that high herbivory may limit the spread of devil’s gardens, possibly explaining why devil’s gardens do not overrun Amazonian rainforests.
Use of friedewald equation for dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome

Objective: The Friedewald equation is frequently used to estimate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in routine patient care; however, recently many limitations have emerged regarding its use. Aim: Analyse the use of Friedewald equation for dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome. Methods: Subjects were selected with metabolic syndrome that fulfilled consensus statement for Asians Indians and excluded those with triglyceride (TG) ≥400mg/dl, and chronic liver and/or kidney disease. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), TGs, and LDL-C were measured with direct assays. LDL-C was further estimated using the equation and compared with LDL-C by direct assay. Results: The mean and standard deviation of TC, TGs, HDL-C, and LDL-C were 194.77±24.38mg/dl, 174.84±60.27mg/dl (p<0.0001), 40.68±5.40mg/dl (p<0.05), and 122.30±19.30mg/dl among subjects with metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, Friedewald estimated LDL-C and VLDL-C were 121.29±18.84mg/dl and 35.08±12.65mg/dl (p<0.0001). Furthermore, a statistically significant higher TGs/HDL-C (p<0.0001) and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios was observed in subjects with metabolic syndrome. However, no significant difference was recorded between the two methods of estimating LDL-C. Conclusion: TGs/HDL-C was found significantly higher among subjects with metabolic syndrome; however, no significant difference between both Friedewald equation and direct measurement method for LDL-C estimation was observed. Hence, the accuracy of LDL-C estimation formulas and direct methods for measurement in patients with the metabolic syndrome requires further exploration.
Does foliar application of salicylic acid protects nitrate reductase and enhances resistance in virus infected maize

The present study was conducted to assess whether exogenous applied salicylic acid (SA) as a foliar spray could ameliorate the adverse effects of virus infection in two maize cultivars (maize cv. sabaini and maize cv. Nab El-gamal). The plants were grown under normal field conditions for two weeks in sand clay soil, and then sprayed with either 2 or 4 mM SA. Two weeks later, plants were subjected to infection with two different concentrations of virus (TMV1 and TMV2), and were harvested 10 days later. Fresh and dry matter, shoot and root lengths, proline, soluble protein, soluble sugars as well as nitrate reductase activity were measured. Both fresh and dry matter were decreased under virus infection however, SA enhanced the fresh and dry matter production in both cultivars regardless the type of virus or SA concentration used. In roots, both fresh and dry matters were not affected. The shoot length was enhanced by salicylic acid than root length regardless the concentration used or virus treatment. The water content was much higher in shoots than roots especially in maize cultivar sabaini. Proline was accumulated in SA virus infected plants than reference control especially in cv sabaini. Soluble proteins and soluble sugars were accumulated in SA virus infected plants and in cv sabaini more than Nab El-gamal as compared with reference control. NRA was reduced in virus infected cultivars and cv sabaini was dramatically affected than Nab El-gamal. Treatment of plants with SA had a positive effect on preserving the activity of NR but was still less than the reference control regardless the cultivar used. Keywords: Nitrate reductase, proline, protein, salicylic acid, sugars, viruses. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol 13(23) 2330-2335
Photocatalytic removal of the herbicide clopyralid from water

The stability of the herbicide clopyralid (3,6-dichloro-2-pyridinecarboxy- lic acid) was studied under different experimental conditions of pH, illumination and initial substrate concentration. It was found that in the pH interval from 1.0 to 9.0 in the presence/absence of daylight, clopyralid solutions were stable for at least a period of two months. The kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation of clopyralid in aqueous suspensions of TiO2 (Degussa P25) under UV and visible light, as well as of direct photolysis using the same radiation sources, were also investigated. It was found that the rate of photocatalytic degradation in the presence of UV light was more than five times higher compared to direct photolysis, whereas in the pre- sence of visible light, the corresponding rates of photocatalytic/photolytic degrada- tion were much lower (more than 15 times). The reaction in the investigation con- centration range is zero-order with respect to the degradation of the clopyralid pyri- dine moiety, with a reaction rate of 3.4×10 -6 mol dm -3 min -1 and an adsorption coefficient of the substrate of 2.5×10 4 dm 3 mol -1 .
Bounds Testing Approach: An Examination of Foreign Direct Investment, Trade, and Growth Relationships

Purpose: This paper examines the long-run impact of foreign direct investment and trade on economic growth in Ghana. Methodology: Using an augmented aggregate production function (APF) growth model, we apply the bounds testing (ARDL) approach to cointegration which is more appropriate for estimation in small sample studies. The data span for the study is from 1970 to 2002. Findings: The results indicated the impact of FDI on growth to be negative which is consistent with other past studies. Trade however was found to have significant impact on growth.
Pharmacological and toxicological investigations of etodolac loaded gum katira microspheres prepared by W1/O/W2 emulsion solvent evaporation technique in rats

Etodolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and approved by USFDA as a COX2 inhibitor. Although etodolac therapy provides clinical benefits, it is associated with upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract complications also. Etodolac loaded gum Katira microsphere (ELGKM) was prepared by W1/O/W2 emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The gastric irritation properties of orally administered pure etodolac, ELGKM and blank microspheres (without etodolac) were evaluated in experimental rats treated for 6 days. The stomach examination and biochemical investigation of stomach tissue of treated rats indicated that ELGKM formulation remarkably reduced ulcerogenecity as compared to pure etodolac. The anti-inflammatory activities of pure etodolac and ELGKMs were ascertained by the implantation of cotton pellets in rats for 6 days. Based on the results, ELGKMs showed significant anti-inflammatory activities (P<0.01) as compared to control group. The cotton pellets test suggested that ELGKM formulation retained more anti-inflammatory properties among the groups. The hematological changes, biochemical analysis and histopathological studies of subacute toxicity in rats revealed that ELGKM were the effective sustained release formulation in the treatment of chronic pain and inflammation. In conclusion, the physicochemical characterization, pharmacological and toxicological studies suggest that ELGKMs may represent as a potential candidate for sustained drug delivery (10-12 hours) in chronic joint pain related diseases with remarkably diminished gastrointestinal side effects.
MAPPING PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN CARICA PAPAYA USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS

Different varieties of papaya (Carica papaya L.) vary in the phenotypic expression of agronomically important traits. Genetic loci responsible for these differences can be mapped using DNA markers to genotype a segregating progeny popUlation derived from a controlled cross between parents having different phenotypes. Two unique varieties of papaya, Khak dam and 2H94, were chosen as parental materials based on their widely varied phenotypic expression of fruit size, shape, and flesh color. These varieties were used to produce an F2 population that was surveyed for DNA polymorphisms using microsatellite markers. The 100 female and hermaphrodite F2 individuals segregating for flesh color were scored for this trait. Flesh color segregated in a 3:1 ratio with yellow flesh color being dominant suggesting that flesh color is a single gene controlled trait. All of the 137 hermaphrodite individuals in the F2 population were scored for fruit weight, length, and width. Fruit phenotype data was analyzed by constructing histograms to assess the distribution of these traits. Normal distribution was detected for length and width suggesting quantitative inheritance for these traits. Fruit weight may segregate as a mix of normal and bimodal distribution suggesting involvement of a major gene modified by quantitative trait loci (QTL). A total of 1497 microsatellite markers screened for polymorphisms between AU9 female and Sunup hermaphrodite parents showed 607 of them to be polymorphic. Of these, 199 SSR markers were used to genotype the F2 progeny population in order to construct a preliminary genetic linkage map. From this map, a total of 38 markers
Reading and writing charge on graphene devices

We use a combination of charge writing and scanning gate microscopy to map and modify the local charge neutrality point of graphene field-effect devices. We give a demonstration of the technique by writing remote charge in a thin dielectric layer over a graphene-metal interface and detecting a shift in the local charge neutrality point. We perform electrostatic simulations to characterize the interaction between a realistic scanning probe tip, the deposited charge, and the graphene and find a good semi-quantitative agreement with the experimental results.
The case for property in the long run: a cointegration test

The benefits of property in the mixed asset portfolio has been the subject of a number of studies both in the UK and around the world. The traditional way of investigating this issue is to use MPT with the results suggesting that Property should play a significant role in the mixed asset portfolio. These results are not without criticism and generally revolve around quality and quantity of the property data series. To overcome these deficiencies this paper uses cointegration methodology which examines the longer term time series behaviour of various asset markets using a very long run desmoothed data series. Using a number of different cointegration tests, both pair-wise and multivariate, the results show, in unambiguous terms, that there is no contemporous cointegration between the major asset classes Property, Equities and Bonds. The implications of which are that Property does indeed have a risk reducing place to play in the long-run strategic mixed-asset portfolio. A result of particular relevance to institutions such as pension funds and life insurance companies who would wish to hold investments for the long-term.
Adolescent with Unfeasible Body Mass Index: A Risk Factor for Iron Deficiency Anemia

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common disease in developing countries. It is a major health problem in the general population particularly in infants, pregnant women, pre-adolescents and adolescents. Overweight and underweight are common nutrition disorders of adolescents in southwest Iran. IDA has been associated with behavioural disturbances, growth and puberty delay, impaired cognitive functions and decreased exercise tolerance. The Study of IDA and weight parameters among adolescents in southwest Iran may appear to be of significance. Thus, this study aims to assess the prevalence of IDA among adolescents and also intends to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on iron deficient groups. A total of five hundred adolescents (240 boys and 260 girls) were enrolled in the study. Three millilitres of blood was obtained from each participant. Cell Blood Count (CBC) and ferritin were measured for everyone. A reliable scale and a standing height measuring device were selected for determining of BMI. Out of them 23 (4.6%) cases had IDA. The prevalence of IDA was not significant by gender and age (P: 0.194 and P: 0.225); however, the peak incidence of IDA was thirteen years old. Out of the five hundred subjects 91 individuals (18.2%) had abnormal BMI. Subjects with abnormal BMI envisage more IDA than individuals with normal BMI (p: 0.001). Conclusively, the prevalence of IDA among adolescents is 4.6% in southwest Iran. Unfeasible BMI is a risk factor for IDA developing in adolescentsâ€™ period.
Mechanics and thermodynamics of polythermal glaciers

Polythermal glaciers and ice sheets contain both cold ice (i.e. below the pressure melting point) and temperate ice (i.e. at the pressure melting point). The viscosity of cold ice and temperate ice depends on temperature and on water content, respectively. Cold and temperate ice are separated by the cold-temperate transition surface, which is an internal free surface of phase change and thus a thermodynamical discontiuitiy. Cold ice is free of liquid water, and the heat ﬂux in cold ice can be expressed by Fourier’s law. On the other hand, temperate ice is characterized by existence of liquid water in the ice matrix. Heat ﬂux in temperate ice is diﬃcult to constitute, Darcy-type and Fick-type diﬀusion have been proposed. Moisture diﬀusivity is, however, assumed to be small, and moisture diﬀusion is therefore often neglected. To comprehensively model the ﬂow of a polythermal ice mass, it is essential to know the temperature distribution in the cold part and the spatial variation in the water content in the temperate part. One of four possible sources for liquid water in temperate ice is melting due to strain heating. arctic Meltwater heating along values reach more than 10 grams water per kilogram ice-water mixture in the lowest parts of the temperate domain. this water content, rate factor is than three times higher than for water-free ice, and therefore, water production by strain heating is important for the modeling of temperate and polythermal glaciers.
Comprehensive Environmental Management of the Construction of the Marine Works of the Rabigh Coastal Power Plant Project on the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

Construction of coastal power plants provides significant environmental benefits in comparison to conventional energy sources, thus contributing to the sustainable development of human activities. The construction of coastal power plants has considerable anticipated and unanticipated impacts on local hydrological and ecological conditions, soil and geology, marine water quality, air quality, hydrology, seabed sediment and hydrodynamics, human health and safety and environmental implications. To cope with these problems, this paper identifies broader environmental management issues that arise because of the marine construction works of coastal power plants and the incorporation of appropriate mitigation measures to achieve sustainable development. The case study is the Rabigh Coastal Power Plant No. 2 project, located on the Red Sea coast approximately 150 km to the north of the city of Jeddah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The environmental management study assures compliance with the regulatory requirements; identifies and analyzes sensitive components of the existing environment; determines the type, nature and importance of the probable environmental impacts during construction and operation; identifies and recommends practical, effective mitigation measures; recommends a framework for an environmental management and monitoring plan for the project; and ensures that all stakeholders deemed to be influenced by the projects or activities are fully considered.