Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activation of β1 integrins mediates proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of intestinal CD4‐positive lymphocytes

A characteristic of lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) is their low proliferative response to stimuli of the CD3 pathway. β1 integrins were expressed on LPL; however, their functionis unknown. Therefore, we determined whether β1 integrins contribute to T cell responses by providing costimulatory signals. Integrins on CD4+ LPL of controls and patients with inflammatory bowel disease were characterized by flow cytometry. Cells were stimulated by anti‐CD3 or anti‐CD2 antibodies either alone or in combination with a stimulatory β1 integrinantibody (12G10). Proliferation and apoptosis were measured by [3H]thymidine pulsing or flow cytometry. Cytokine mRNA and apoptosis‐related transcripts were quantified by reverse transcriptase‐PCR. We demonstrated that β1 integrin costimulation restored CD3‐induced proliferation of CD4+ LPL and reduced activation‐induced apoptosis. Activation of β1 integrins by addition of 12G10 antibody to CD3‐stimulated cells restored their capacity to express proinflammatory cytokine transcripts. Further, expression of the activated form of β1 integrins was significantly elevated on LPL from inflamed mucosa. These studies demonstrate that β1 integrin costimulation modulates the response of LPL after TCR stimulation. An increased expression of activated β1 integrins on LPL in intestinal inflammation may abolish their unresponsiveness to antigens and perpetuate the inflammatory process.
Dual-Gate MoS2 FET With a Coplanar-Gate Engineering

A dual-gate multilayer MoS2 FET with a standard backside gate and a nonstandard coplanar top gate is demonstrated and analyzed. The special feature of this device is that the gate and MoS2 channel can be directly coupled on the same plane through the bottom-conducting Si substrate. The coplanar-gate MoS2 FET shows a good performance with a large ON-OFF ratio (ION/OFF) of 1.5 × 104, a small subthreshold swing (S) of 0.13 V/decade, and a field-effect mobility (μ) of 0.69 cm2/Vs, respectively. Furthermore, a large Vth modulation (-0.55~6.4 V) can be obtained in a dual-gate MoS2 FET by changing the coplanar-gate bias, which makes the device switch from depletion-mode to enhancement-mode operation, without affecting μ and S, regardless of the coplanar-gate bias. In such a dual-gate MoS2 FET, both top and bottom gates can share the same SiO2 dielectric, and the deposition of source/drain/gate contact can be combined to a single step. A band diagram with the body effect theory is proposed to explain the device operation mechanism. The coplanar-gate MoS2 FET with its dual-gate operation and simple fabrication process can provide a good candidate for low-cost 2-D planar nanoelectronics and sensor applications.
Analysis and control of a variable speed wind turbine drive system dynamics

Wind turbulence causes abrupt variation in the power generation and delivery to the grid in the wind energy conversion systems. Most of the system parameters like tip-speed ratio, shaft dampness and dc-link voltage vary during the operation of the variable speed wind turbine drive system at different values of wind velocity. The wind speed turbulence excites the low frequency spectrum of the system. This paper presents analysis on the plant dynamics aspects at low frequencies and control of a wind turbine system operating in variable speed mode using back-to-back converter. The non-minimum phase dynamics of the system is discussed. The dc-link voltage tracking is analyzed.
Changes in heart valve structure and function in patients treated with dopamine agonists for prolactinomas, a 2‐year follow‐up study

Objective The use of ergot‐derived dopamine agonists (DA) to treat patients with prolactinomas has not been associated with an increased risk of significant heart valve dysfunction. Accordingly, the present study evaluated whether the long‐term use of DA for hyperprolactinaemia may be associated with increased risk of significant valvular heart disease.
Mucosal capillary thrombi in rectal biopsies

We studied the initial rectal biopsy from 46 patients in whom subsequent follow‐up established the diagnosis of either self‐limited colitis or inflammatory bowel disease. An additional 12 non‐inflamed rectal biopsies were also studied. There was between 2 and 8 years of follow‐up in each of these cases. Staining for fibrin (MSB, fibrinogen), platelets (factor XIIIA, Y2/51), and capillary basement membrane (reticulin, collagen 4) was performed to identify thrombotic material within capillaries. Mucosal capillary thrombi were best identified by staining for factor XIIIA; thrombi were observed in 8/13 cases of ulcerative colitis, 4/10 cases of Crohn's disease, 1/3 cases of unspecified inflammatory bowel disease and 5/20 cases of self‐limited colitis. The presence of capillary thrombi was not related to the severity of inflammation, but none of the control biopsies showed capillary thrombi. Their presence seems of little diagnostic value in distinguishing inflammatory bowel disease from self‐limited colitis. The pathogenetic significance of these mucosal capillary thrombi is uncertain.
Overexpression of the C‐type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is associated with overgrowth and bone anomalies in an individual with balanced t(2;7) translocation

Longitudinal bone growth is determined by the process of endochondral ossification in the cartilaginous growth plate, which is located at both ends of vertebrae and long bones and involves many systemic hormones and local regulators. We report the molecular characterization of a de novo balanced t(2;7)(q37.1;q21.3) translocation in a young female with Marfanoid habitus and skeletal anomalies. The translocation was characterized by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), checked for other abnormalities by array‐comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and finally, the breakpoints were cloned, sequenced, and compared. Biochemical dosage was applied to study the possible mechanisms that may cause the proposita's phenotype. The breakpoint on chromosome 2 disrupts the hypothetical gene MGC42174 (HUGO‐approved symbol DIS3L2) and is located in the proximity of the NPPC gene coding for C‐type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a molecule that regulates endochondral bone growth. CNP plasma concentration was doubled in the proband compared to five normal controls, while NPPC was substantially overexpressed in her fibroblasts. A transgenic mouse generated to target NPPC overexpression in bone showed a phenotype highly reminiscent of the patient's phenotype. The breakpoint on chromosome 7 is localized proximally at about 75 kb from the COL1A2 gene. The COL1A2 allele on the derivative chromosome was strongly underexpressed in fibroblasts, but total collagen was not significantly different from controls. Several evidences support the conclusion that the proband's abnormal phenotype is associated with C‐type natriuretic peptide overexpression. Hum Mutat 28(7), 724–731, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anatomic correlates of ultrasonographic prenatal diagnosis

In utero sonographic diagnoses from forty‐five malformed infants were correlated with their autopsy findings. Fifty‐two malformations were diagnosed prenatally in 42 of the patients but 90 additional malformations were not. Nine sonographically diagnosed abnormalities were not confirmed at autopsy. Factors compromising sonographic diagnosis included: limited examinations, small fetal size, timing of examination, oligohydramnios, fetal position, nature of the malformation and unfamiliarity of the ultrasonographer with specific malformation syndromes. In vitro ultrasonography is an invaluable tool of diagnosing congenital malformations but has limitations.
Suicide and deliberate self harm in young people

Deliberate self harm ranges from behaviours with no suicidal intent (but with the intent to communicate distress or relieve tension) through to suicide. Some 7%-14% of adolescents will self harm at some time in their life, and 20%-45% of older adolescents report having had suicidal thoughts at some time. Suicide and undetermined deaths in England and Wales in 15-19 year olds and 20-24 year olds between 1968 and 2000. Data source: Office for National Statistics. Twentieth century mortality: 100 years of mortality data in England and Wales by age, sex, year and underlying cause. CD Rom. London: ONS, 2003. Suicide occurs relatively rarely under the age of 15 years, although prevalence is likely to be underestimated because of reluctance of coroners to assign this verdict. A large proportion of open verdicts (“undetermined cause”) are, in fact, suicides. Suicide rates are far higher in male than female adolescents. Until the past five or six years in England and Wales suicide rates were rising substantially in 15-19 year old and 20-24 year old young men, but then they began to fall somewhat in the older age group. The lack of change in female suicide rates may reflect differential effects of social change on gender roles. View this table: Possible reasons for rise in male suicide rates in United Kingdom View this table: Common characteristics of adolescents who die by suicide Psychological postmortem studies of suicides show that a psychiatric disorder (usually depression, rarely psychosis) is present at the time of death in most adolescents who die by suicide. A history of behavioural disturbance, substance misuse, and family, social, and psychological problems is common. There are strong links between suicide and previous self harm: between a quarter and a half of those committing suicide have previously carried out a non-fatal act. View this table: Common expressions of parental grief after suicide by …
Estimating the Evaporative Cooling Bias of an Airborne Reverse Flow Thermometer

Abstract Airborne reverse flow immersion thermometers were designed to prevent sensor wetting in cloud. Yet there is strong evidence that some wetting does occur and therefore also sensor evaporative cooling as the aircraft exits a cloud. Numerous penetrations of cumulus clouds in a broad range of environmental and cloud conditions are used to estimate the resulting negative temperature bias. This cloud exit “cold spike” can be found in all cumulus clouds, even at subfreezing temperatures, both in continental and maritime cumuli. The magnitude of the spike correlates most strongly with the dryness of the ambient air. A temperature correction based on this relationship is proposed. More important than the cloud exit cold spike, from a cumulus dynamics perspective, is the negative bias within cloud. Such bias is expected, due to evaporative cooling as well. Evaporation from the wetted sensor in cloud is surmised because air decelerates into the thermometer housing, and thus is heated and becomes subsaturate.
Text Classification for Arabic Words Using Rep-Tree

The amount of text data mining in the world and in our life seems ever increasing and there’s no end to it. The concept (Text Data Mining) defined as the process of deriving high-quality information from text. It has been applied on different fields including: Pattern mining, opinion mining, and web mining. The concept of Text Data Mining is based around the global Stemming of different forms of Arabic words. Stemming is defined like the method of reducing inflected (or typically derived) words to their word stem, base or root kind typically a word kind. We use the REP-Tree to improve text representation. In addition, test new combinations of weighting schemes to be applied on Arabic text data for classification purposes. For processing, WEKA workbench is used. The results in the paper on data set of BBC-Arabic website also show the efficiency and accuracy of REP-TREE in Arabic text classification.
Delivering interactive multimedia documents over networks

A family of applications that consists of interactive multimedia documents, such as electronic magazines and interactive TV shows, is examined and the links between application architecture, user behavior, and network performance are investigated. The kinds of application-specific information that influence the end-to-end quality of service are discussed. The architecture and dynamics of the interactive document in terms of presentation objects (P-Objects), which are the segments of information accessed by the application and which are described according to their size, media composition, and access links, are described. The same structural characteristics that may make an interactive multimedia document appealing to the end user are the characteristics that are helpful during dynamic network performance optimization. This observation is based on the hypothesis that the P-Objects' access graph, together with viewing time statistics, is the information most useful to the network delivery control mechanism for optimizing network performance. Preliminary guidelines for both network and application designers to address each other's concerns are presented. <<ETX>>
Elevation of systemic markers related to cardiovascular diseases in the peripheral blood of periodontitis patients.

BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a common, often undiagnosed, chronic infection of the supporting tissues of the teeth, epidemiologically associated with cardiovascular diseases. Since C-reactive protein (CRP) and other systemic markers of inflammation have been identified as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, we investigated whether these factors were elevated in periodontitis. METHODS Consecutive adult patients with periodontitis (localized n = 53; generalized n = 54), and healthy controls (n = 43), all without any other medical disorder, were recruited and peripheral blood samples were taken. RESULTS Patients with generalized periodontitis and localized periodontitis had higher median CRP levels than controls (1.45 and 1.30 versus 0.90 mg/L, respectively, P = 0.030); 52% of generalized periodontitis patients and 36% of the localized periodontitis patients were sero-positive for interleukin-6 (IL-6), compared to 26% of controls (P= 0.008). Plasma IL-6 levels were higher in periodontitis patients than in controls (P = 0.015). Leukocytes were also elevated in generalized periodontitis (7.0 x 10(9)/L) compared to localized periodontitis and controls (6.0 and 5.8 x 10(9)/L, respectively, P= 0.002); this finding was primarily explained by higher numbers of neutrophils in periodontitis (P= 0.001). IL-6 and CRP correlated with each other, and both CRP and IL-6 levels correlated with neutrophils. The current findings for periodontitis were controlled for other known factors associated with cardiovascular diseases, including age, education, body mass index, smoking, hypertension, cholesterol, and sero-positivity for CMV, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Helicobacter pylori. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis results in higher systemic levels of CRP, IL-6, and neutrophils. These elevated inflammatory factors may increase inflammatory activity in atherosclerotic lesions, potentially increasing the risk for cardiac or cerebrovascular events.
Quality Based Software Project Staffing and Scheduling with Budget and Deadline

Software project planning is becoming more complicated and important as the size of software project grows. Many approaches have been proposed to help project managers by providing optimal staffing and scheduling in terms of minimizing the salary cost or duration. Unfortunately, the software quality, another critical factor in software project planning, is largely overlooked in previous work. In this paper, we propose the quality based software project staffing and scheduling approach. We provide better software project plans considering quality with either cost bound (Budget) or duration bound (Deadline) for software project managers.
[The effect of sodium huminate on cadmium deposition in the organs of chickens].

In the chickens with an experimental load of cadmium chloride (CdCl2 x 2.5 H2O) at a rate of 0.3 mg per bird and day the effect was investigated of various forms of sodium humate administration in free and/or liposomal form as exerted on cadmium concentrations in liver, kidneys and muscle. The values of the field below the curve (AUC) showing average cadmium concentrations in the investigated tissues of chickens (liver, kidneys, muscle) in the given time interval of 1-14 days were higher in all cases in the tissues of chickens which received cadmium, that means in the groups K2, P1, P2, P3 and P4 in comparison with the negative control (K1). Statistical significance of differences was demonstrated in liver and kidneys. No statistically significant changes were observed in the muscle. Simultaneous administration of cadmium and HuNa (P1), and also other methods of HuNa administration (P2, P3, P4) reduced cadmium concentrations in liver, kidneys and muscle statistically significantly only in P1 group in liver and kidneys. Cadmium concentrations on days 1, 3, 8 and 14 after termination of experimental treatments were lowest in the liver of the 1st control group (negative control), which received HuNa only (Tab. I). Five-day administration of 0.3 mg cadmium (positive control) influenced its values statistically highly significantly in the liver of all experimental groups in all the investigated time intervals (Tab. I). The first experimental group, which received cadmium simultaneously with HuNa had the statistically significantly lower values on days 3, 8 and 14 in comparison with the positive control. Simultaneous administration of cadmium and HuNa reduces cadmium availability and so its absorption and deposition in liver are lower. Cadmium concentrations on days 1, 3, 8 and 14 after termination of experimental treatments were lowest in the kidneys of chickens of the 1st control group (negative control), which received HuNa only (Tab. II). Five-day cadmium administration (positive control) influenced its values in the kidneys of all experimental groups highly statistically significantly in all the investigated time intervals (Tab. II). The first experimental group which received cadmium simultaneously with HuNa had the statistically significantly lower values on days 3, 8 and 14 in comparison with the positive control. Simultaneous administration of cadmium and HuNa reduced cadmium availability and so its absorption and deposition in liver are lower. Cadmium concentrations in the muscle on days 1, 3, 8 and 14 after termination of experimental treatments were lowest in the 1st control group (negative control), which received HuNa only (Tab. III). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Variation in susceptibility of inbred lines of chickens to seven species of Eimeria

The pattern of oocyst production of 8 inbred lines of chickens was compared for each of the 7 species of Eimeria which infect this host. Both the overall numbers and the pattern of oocyst production differed in the inbred lines, but there was no evidence of prolonged cycling of schizogenic developmental stages. Comparison of the numbers of oocysts produced by the different lines indicates that there may be common genetic factors affecting susceptibility to 6 of the 7 species. Surprisingly there appears to be an inverse relationship between susceptibility to E. tenella and susceptibility to the other species: lines which produced most oocysts of E. tenella produced least oocysts of the other species and vice-versa.
An approach to integrate web services and argumentation into a BDI system

Intelligent agents have to be provided with different skills and technological resources in order to deal with highly changing environments, uncertain, incomplete and potentially inconsistent information and bounded computational resources. BDI architectures, argumentation-based techniques and recent technologies like web services have been incorporated in the design of intelligent agents to address some of these difficult aspects. However, they have usually been focused on some partial aspects and it is not easy to see how these models and technologies could be effectively integrated in a single framework. In this work, we propose a general framework that integrates web services and argumentation-based inference into the design of a BDI system. Our proposal extends the well known advantages of BDI systems by using web services to access relevant information available on the Web and defeasible argumentation inference to manage incomplete and potentially inconsistent information.
102 BLOOD PRESSURE AND HYPERTENSION IN NEW ZEALAND: RESULTS FROM THE 2008/09 ADULT NUTRITION SURVEY

Background: Monitoring of population blood pressure is important as hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and a continuous gradient of risk of mortality is evident as blood pressures increase from 115/70 mmHg. Design and methods: The 2008/09 New Zealand Adult Nutrition Survey is a cross sectional study involving a nationally representative sample of 4721 usually resident New Zealand adults aged 15 years and over. Blood pressure was measured in 4,407 participants. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) > = 140 or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > = 90 or self reported use of antihypertensive medications. Results: Mean SBP was 126mmHg (121mmHg for women and 130 for men). Comparison with previous population data suggests that following the decline observed between 1982 and 2002, levels have once again increased, particularly in adults under 65years of age. Elevated blood pressure is significantly associated with male sex, increasing age, increasing body mass index, daily smoking and use of antihypertensive medication. Population prevalence of hypertension was 30.8% (28.3% for women and 33.5% for men). Conclusions: Despite antihypertensive medication being widely available in New Zealand, hypertension prevalence remains high. Increased SBP in younger New Zealand adults may reflect increases in overweight and obesity, and relatively high intakes of sodium in this age group and must be monitored in future years.
Differences in driver genes between smoking‐related and non–smoking‐related lung cancer in the Chinese population

Recently, non–smoking‐related lung cancer was classified as an independent disease entity because it is different from tobacco‐associated lung cancer. Non–smoking‐related lung cancer occurs more often in women than men, and the predominant histological type is adenocarcinoma (ADC) rather than squamous cell carcinoma. Most of the driver gene alterations that have been identified in ADC in never‐smokers include epidermal growth factor receptor mutations, KRAS mutations, echinoderm microtubule–associated protein like 4/anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion, and ROS1 fusion, among others. Meanwhile, significant progress has been made in the treatment of ADC. However, in comparison with ADC, no such available molecular targets exist for smoking‐associated lung cancer, for which treatment strategies are limited. Next‐generation sequencing has been widely applied to the discovery of more genetic profiles of lung cancers. This review summarizes the differences between smoking‐related and non–smoking‐related lung cancer as follows: different somatic mutation burdens, C:G→A:T transversions, common and novel driver genes, and treatment strategies. Overall, smoking‐related lung cancer is more complicated than non–smoking‐related lung cancer. Furthermore, we review the prevalence of driver genes in smoking‐associated and non–smoking‐associated lung cancers in the Chinese population. Cancer 2015;121:3069‐79. © 2015 American Cancer Society.