Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting skeletal muscle protein synthesis in the horse

OF DISSERTATION FACTORS AFFECTING SKELETAL MUSCLE PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN THE HORSE Skeletal muscle protein synthesis is regulated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. The first objective was to optimize the methodological procedures for assessing mTOR signaling in horses. The response of mTOR signaling (P-Akt Ser, P-S6K1 Thr, P-rpS6 Ser & , and P-4EBP1 Thr by Western blotting techniques) to meal consumption was determined at three gluteal muscle biopsy depths (6, 8, and 10 cm), and the repeatability of the contralateral side at 8 cm during 5 days of repeated biopsies. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of sampling side or biopsy depth on mTOR signaling in mature horses. During repeated biopsies there was an increase (P < 0.05) in downstream (P-S6K1 Thr, P-rpS6 Ser & 240/244 and P-4EBP1 Thr) mTOR signaling in response to feeding. The second objective was to characterize alterations in mTOR signaling throughout the equid lifespan. Adolescent horses (yearlings and two year olds) studied in the postprandial had a lowered (P < 0.05) activation of downstream mTOR signaling with aging. There was a lower (P < 0.05) abundance of P-S6K1 Thr in aged horses (23.5 years old) than in mature horses (11 years old) during the post-absorptive state. The final objective was to assess mTOR signaling during acute and chronic inflammation. Acute inflammation occurred during 5 days of repeated biopsies, and chronic inflammation is characteristic of the aged. During acute inflammation, characterized by increased muscle mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, there was an increase (P < 0.05) in downstream mTOR signaling. Chronic inflammation resulted in a decrease (P < 0.05) in the abundance of P-S6K1 Thr. Phenylbutazone was administered to reduce (P < 0.05) acute and chronic inflammation in muscle. Phenylbutazone administration during acute inflammation reduced (P < 0.05) the activation of downstream mTOR signaling and trended to increase (P = 0.09) P-S6K1 Thr abundance during chronic inflammation. Whole-body protein synthesis determined using isotope infusion techniques increased (P < 0.05) when chronic inflammation was reduced due to phenylbutazone administration. This research provides new standards for muscle biopsy collection when examining
The Origin and Influence of Compensatory Current in AlGaN/GaN Type High Electron Mobility Transistor Heterostructures with Two Conducting Channels on the Hall Measurements

The second conducting channel is created in AlGaN/GaN type high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) heterostructures deposited by the metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) technique, in which the pressure changes during the growth of the buffer GaN layer to ensure its high resistivity. It is stated that a second, parasitic, conducting channel is induced as a result of nonintentional doping that occurs at the GaN–GaN interface. The Hall measurements, in the wide range of temperatures, from 77 to 420 K, are used to obtain sheet resistivity, sheet carrier concentration, and electron mobility of the heterostructures. The theoretical model of the multilayer transport in AlGaN/GaN type HEMT heterostructures, based on an equivalent circuit, allows for estimation of compensatory current. Based on the theoretical model, the correction map for the Hall measurement of the samples with two conducting channels is evaluated. The measured electron mobility μmeas obtained from Hall measurement is applied for the determination of the 2D electron gas (2DEG) mobility μ1 of the samples with two conducing channels using the equation μ1 = αμmeas. It is observed that the appropriate correction coefficient α depends on second channel parameters, i.e. the sheet resistance and mobility of the second conducting channel.
Automated Fingerprint Authentication System Based On Correlation Of Bimodal Images

: In a digitally growing era biometrics is considered as desired solution for authentication purpose. For the development of this digital world, many services are recommended including digital communication systems, e-commerce, handling devices remotely etc. To handle such services efficiently, authentication in human machine interacting is very crucial aspect to deal with security and identification problems. Because of the complex and lengthy nature of manual forensic fingerprint matching, an automated, computer-based method is desirable which gives accurate matching results. We have introduced a method for removing superfluous information for genuine fingerprint feature extraction using histogram equalization, filtering followed by morphological operation. The proposed fingerprint authentication algorithm enhances the input fingerprint quality and eliminates the false ridges very effectively and extracts a clear and reliable ridge map structure from input fingerprint image. This reliable ridge map structure of input fingerprint image is authenticated using correlation technique.
Voice Activation Systems for Embedded Devices: Systematic Literature Review

A large number of modern mobile devices, embedded devices and smart home devices are equipped with a voice control. Automatic recognition of the entire audio stream, however, is undesirable for the reasons of the resource consumption and privacy. Therefore, most of these devices use a voice activation system, whose task is to find the specified in advance word or phrase in the audio stream (for example, Ok, Google) and to activate the voice request processing system when it is found. The voice activation system must have the following properties: high accuracy, ability to work entirely on the device (without using remote servers), consumption of a small amount of resources (primarily CPU and RAM), noise resistance and variability of speech, as well as a small delay between the pronunciation of the key phrase and the system activation. This work is a systematic literature review on voice activation systems that satisfy the above properties. We describe the principle of various voice activation systems’ operation, the characteristic representation of sound in such systems, consider in detail the acoustic modelling and, finally, describe the approaches used to assess the models’ quality. In addition, we point to a number of open questions in this problem.
Nitrate assimilation pathway in higher plants: critical role in nitrogen signalling and utilization

The process of nitrate assimilation is a very crucial pathway for the sustainable growth and productivity of higher plants. This process is catalysed by two enzymes, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase. Both the enzymes differ from each other with respect to their structural organisation, subcellular location, catalytic efficiencies and regulatory mechanisms. Nitrate reductase catalyses the rate limiting step of nitrate assimilation process. The genes and proteins of this enzyme have been isolated and characterised from many higher plants. The additional role of NR in the production of nitric oxide has been also reported in last several years. The reduced ammonium is assimilated into carbon skeleton, ? -ketoglutarate, by the concerted action of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase. Glutamine and glutamate are the transportable forms of nitrogen among various tissues and metabolic processes. The rate of nitrate assimilation is regulated by the rate of uptake of nitrate by nitrate transporters, availability of carbon skeleton, accumulation of nitrogenous end products, light and the rate of photosynthesis. The partitioning of metabolites and resources between carbon and nitrogen metabolism is an important factor for the growth and yield of plants. During the last several decades excess use of nitrogen fertiliser has caused environmental pollution. Efforts have been made to increase the nitrogen use efficiency of plants to reduce the cost on fertiliser and nitrate pollution, increase the productivity and protein content of several commonly used crops. This review discusses the process of nitrate assimilation and its interaction with the carbon metabolism.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTION OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AGAINST FOODBORNE PATHOGENS

ABSTRACT The current spreading of nanomaterial applications supports the search for further possible functions of theses diminutive particles. The antibacterial potentiality of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), compared with conventional ZnO powder, against nine bacterial strains, mostly foodborne including pathogens, was evaluated using qualitative and quantitative assays. ZnO NP was more efficient as antibacterial agent than powder. Gram-positive bacteria were generally more sensitive to ZnO than Gram negatives. The exposure of Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus to their relevant minimal inhibitory concentrations from ZnO NP reduced the cell number to zero within 8 and 4 h, respectively. Scanning electron micrographs of the treated bacteria with NPs exhibited that the disruptive effect of ZnO on S. aureus was vigorous as all treated cells were completely exploded or lysed after only 4 h from exposure. Promising results of ZnO NP antibacterial activity suggest its usage in food systems as preservative agent after further required investigations and risk assessments. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Foodborne pathogen invasion is still a recurrent serious problem facing researchers and food industry overseers. The introduction of novel powerful antimicrobial agents is of great importance for the control of pathogenic bacteria, especially antibiotic-resistant strains. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle (NP) could be one of these potential alternatives. This study focused on ZnO NP because of its increasing presence in many marketable products and that supports its application in food industries as a reasonably safe agent. The demonstrated antibacterial activity of ZnO NP recommends its possible application in the food preservation field; otherwise it can be applied as a potent sanitizing agent for disinfecting and sterilizing food industry equipment and containers against the attack and contamination with foodborne pathogenic bacteria.
Características do crescimento animal, do tecido muscular esquelético e da maciez da carne de bovinos nelore e mestiços no modelo biológico superprecoce

The aim of the present work was evaluate the meat originating from bovines of different growth submitted to “superprecoce” model biological. Animals of Nellore and Brangus breed were used, slaughtered with age between 12 and 15 months as established by the ‘’superprecoce’’ biological model. The Longissimus dorsi muscle was analyzed for shear force, myofibrilar fragmentation index, rib eye area, fat thickness and losses for cooking, at three moments postmortem. The Brangus animals breed had show a biggest weight and weight gain, resulting in a higher rib eye area than found for the Nellore breed. However, these differences had not influenced in the final meat tenderness, by the way the shear force values and MFI had not difference (P>0,05) between genetic groups, however, had effect of the ageing in the MFI results (P<0,05), indicating that muscular proteolysis tends to be bigger in agreement of postmortem. Animals produced following a standardization system, the meat will not be affected for characteristics of quality even the animals present differences related to the growth.
Circulating Interleukin-18 Level in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Received:January 2, 2020, Revised:(1st) January 31, 2020, (2nd) February 14, 2020, Accepted:March 2, 2020 Corresponding to:Young Ho Lee http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4213-1909 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea. E-mail:lyhcgh@korea.ac. kr Copyright c 2020 by The Korean College of Rheumatology. All rights reserved. This is an Open Access article, which permits unrestricted non-commerical use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Original Article pISSN: 2093-940X, eISSN: 2233-4718 Journal of Rheumatic Diseases Vol. 27, No. 2, April, 2020 https://doi.org/10.4078/jrd.2020. 27.2. 110
Optimal Joint Channel Estimation and Data Detection by L1-norm PCA for Streetscape IoT

We prove, for the first time in the literature of communication theory and machine learning, the equivalence of joint maximum-likelihood (ML) optimal channel estimation and data detection (JOCEDD) to the problem of finding the L1-norm principal components of a real-valued data matrix. Optimal algorithms for L1-norm principal component analysis (PCA) are therefore direct solvers to the problem of interest, thus the proposed JOCEDD approach requires a polynomial number of operations. To avoid high computational costs incurred by the exact calculation of optimal L1 principal components, we implement an efficient bit flipping-based algorithm for L1-norm PCA in a software-defined radio. In particular, we carry out experiments with two radios that operate at Wi-Fi frequencies in a multipath indoor radio environment and have no direct line-of-sight. We apply L1-norm PCA for JOCEDD over short frames that are transmitted over the single-input single-output communication link. We compare the performance of supervised data-aided channel estimation techniques versus JOCEDD in terms of bit-error-rate and demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach across a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios.
Women footwears of Choice: A Correlation Analysis of Customer Attitudes toward Purchase Intention of Local Footwear Products

There are differences between the preference of women and men as consumers. Women are more emotionally unstable, and open to feelings and aesthetic experiences. In this intense competition between local and imported footwear which is global brands, it is challenging for local footwear products to survive in the industry. It is a requirement for the brands (in this research, local footwear brands) to understand the attitudes of the customers from time to time, especially women. Hence, the marketer needs to understand the factors influencing customer purchase intention for local footwear products. This research is a quantitative research that conducted to explore the objective of the study. The method used is surveying by questioning the respondents to gather information. The researcher has conducted the survey through an online questionnaire as a tool for data collection with the total of 242 respondents. The population of this study is consisted of women between age 15-54 years old that have ever been buying local footwear products. In this study, as part of convenience sampling, we select non-probability sampling which is a judgmental sampling. Then, the data are analyzed using validity, reliability, classical assumption, pearson, simple linear regression, and descriptive analysis. After the analysis sequence has been performed, the formulated comprehensive description of findings are presented. Keywords: women, local footwear product, customer attitude, purchase intention
Wideband Circularly Polarized Array Antennas With Sequential-Rotation Polarization Grid and Simplified Full-SIW Feeding Networks

Two wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna arrays are proposed, based on sequential rotation (SQR) arranged polarization grid and specially designed wideband full-substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) SQR feeding network. First, as the CP array element, an SIW-excited log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) loaded with an inhomogeneous polarization grid is designed. Then, the element with the grid is extended into a $2\,\,\times2$ -element SQR array, and a wideband planar SIW-feeding cavity is used to provide the full-SIW array feeding. The SQR configuration is simplified by exploring the symmetric property of the LPDA dipole elements for 180° phase shift. Finally, in order to solve the high sidelobe problem existing in the first array design, another full-SIW array configuration with a new 3-D SIW-feeding cavity for the purpose of element spacing reduction is proposed. Another SQR network simplification method is studied here in favor of the 3-D SIW-feeding cavity, in which the out-of-phase power division property of the SIW E-plane junction is explored. With this configuration, a much lower sidelobe result is obtained by the second array. The measured results indicate that both arrays have advantages of wide CP working bandwidth (37%), high efficiencies (~80%), and also wide 3 dB gain bandwidth (39%).
The role of the dendritic cell actin cytoskeleton in the formation and function of the immunological synapse

During an immune response, dendritic cells (DCs) capture and process antigen, upregulate co-stimulatory molecules and migrate to lymphoid organs to maximise antigen recognition by rare T cell clones. A crucial step for successful T cell activation is cell-cell interaction at the immunological synapse (IS), the organised contact interface which allows optimal communication. IS formation requires the dynamic remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton to spatially distribute membrane areas with distinct protein compositions. While evidence exists for a role of the T cell cytoskeleton in this process, the driving force behind the specific organisation on the DC side is unknown. One important actin regulator is Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASp), expressed exclusively in immune cells. Using a murine model, we investigated the role of WASp in DC-mediated actin-dependent synapse formation. Utilising both confocal and electron microscopy (EM), we observed a disorganised, asymmetric interface between T cells and WASp-deficient DCs. Immunofluorescent staining shows reduced polarisation of certain synapse markers in WAS knock-out conjugates; while high resolution 3D EM reconstructions show severely impaired cell spreading and a reduced contact area. We have used fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) to show reduced stability of the actin network in WASp DCs. Our experiments on supported planar bilayers have shown an unexpected interface organisation and highlight a novel role of the DC cytoskeleton in this process. Crucially, we have demonstrated reduced T cell activating capacity of WASp-deficient DCs, as measured by T cell proliferation, cytokine production and transcription factor expression. The results highlight the critical role of cytoskeletal regulation in DC-mediated IS formation. Further, a second murine immunodeficiency model, Dock8 deficiency, and two novel human primary immunodeficiencies were briefly investigated to examine the role of other actin regulators in normal DC function.
Influence of physical and chemical factors of co-cultivation Agrobacterium tumefaciens with Brassica napus explants on T-DNA integration.

Badania nad transformacją rzepaku metodą Agrobacterium tumefaciens prowadzą do ciąglego udoskonalania tej techniki, a co za tym idzie, zwiekszenia jej wydajności. Kokultywacja to etap transformacji bezpośrednio odpowiedzialny za jej wynik, zachodzi w nim bowiem transfer i wbudowanie transgenu do genomu rośliny. Niniejsza praca prezentuje zestawienie wspolczesnych badan nad transformacją rzepaku, ze szczegolnym uwzglednieniem warunkow fizykochemicznych etapu kokultywacji, takich jak: temperatura, czas oraz dodatki substancji wspomagających. Ukazano rowniez, ze oprocz wymienionych parametrow w kokultywacji nalezy wziąc pod uwage typ eksplantatu, genotyp rośliny oraz szczep Agrobacterium.
Spectrograms Fusion with Minimum Difference Masks Estimation for Monaural Speech Dereverberation

Spectrograms fusion is an effective method for incorporating complementary speech dereverberation systems. Previous linear spectrograms fusion by averaging multiple spectrograms shows outstanding performance. However, various systems with different features cannot apply this simple method. In this study, we design the minimum difference masks (MDMs) to classify the time-frequency (T-F) bins in spectrograms according to the nearest distances from labels. Then, we propose a two-stage nonlinear spectrograms fusion system for speech dereverberation. First, we conduct a multitarget learning-based speech dereverberation front-end model to get spectrograms simultaneously. Then, MDMs are estimated to take the best parts of different spectrograms. We are using spectrograms in the first stage and MDMs in the second stage to recombine T-F bins. The experiments on the REVERB challenge show that a strong feature complementarity between spectrograms and MDMs. Moreover, the proposed framework can consistently and significantly improve PESQ and SRMR, both real and simulated data, e.g., an average PESQ gain of 0.1 in all simulated data and an average SRMR gain of 1.22 in all real data.
The molecular basis for amino-terminal acetylation by NAT proteins

Amino-terminal acetylation is a co-translational process that occurs on a majority of all eukaryotic proteins. This modification mediates a wide range of biological processes including but not limited to cellular apoptosis, enzyme regulation, protein localization and the N-end rule for protein degradation. The amino-terminal acetyltransferase (NAT) enzymes that catalyze this reaction are distinguished from one another on the basis of substrate specificity, which is dictated by the identity of the amino-terminal sequence of the substrate protein. The NatA complex harbors the greatest diversity for substrate selection and is responsible for acetylating a majority of all proteins that undergo this modification in vivo. Interestingly, the major NATs exist as obligate heterodimers with one unique catalytic subunit and an additional unique auxiliary subunit that both activates the catalytic component and anchors the complex to the ribosome. Aberrant expression of the NatA catalytic subunit, Naa10p, as well as the auxiliary subunit, Naa15p, has been found in numerous cancer cell tissues; consequently, NatA is an emerging target for chemotherapeutic development. Despite the ubiquitous nature of this modification as well as its role in oncogenesis, there is no structural data available for any eukaryotic NAT protein. Inspired by this, we determined the x-ray crystal structures of a series of NAT enzymes, highlighted by the structure of the 100 kDa NatA complex in the absence and presence of a bisubstrate peptide-CoA conjugate inhibitor as well as the structure of the uncomplexed Naa10p catalytic subunit. Additionally, we determined the structure of the independently active NatE bound to CoA and a substrate peptide fragment and the structure of an archaeal NAT enzyme that acetylates NatA and NatE substrates. These structures and accompanying biochemical assays are used to delineate mechanisms of substrate binding specificity and catalysis employed by this family of enzymes. This work provides the first scaffold for the design of NAT-specific inhibitors and lays a foundation for understanding NAT activity at the molecular level. Furthermore, this study could have implications for mechanisms by which regulatory subunits modulate the activity of the broader family of protein acetyltransferases. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Chemistry First Advisor Ronen Q. Marmorstein