Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Urban Region Function Discovery and Popularity Estimation via an Infinite Urbanization Process Model

Urbanization is a global trend that we have all witnessed in the past decades. It brings us both opportunities and challenges. On the one hand, urban system is one of the most sophisticated social-economic systems that is responsible for efficiently providing supplies meeting the demand of residents in various of domains, e.g., dwelling, education, entertainment, healthcare, etc. On the other hand, significant diversity and inequality exist in the development patterns of urban systems, which makes urban data analysis difficult. Different urban regions often exhibit diverse urbanization patterns and provide distinct urban functions, e.g., commercial and residential areas offer significantly different urban functions. It is desired to develop the data analytic capabilities for discovering the underlying cross-domain urbanization patterns, clustering urban regions based on their function similarity and predicting region popularity in specified domains. Previous studies in the urban data analysis area often just focus on individual domains and rarely consider cross-domain urban development patterns hidden in different urban regions. In this paper, we propose the infinite urbanization process (IUP) model for simultaneous urban region function discovery and region popularity prediction. The IUP model is a generative Bayesian nonparametric process that is capable of describing a potentially infinite number of urbanization patterns. It is developed within the supervised topic modelling framework and is supported by a novel hierarchical spatial distance dependent Bayesian nonparametric prior over the spatial region partition space. The empirical study conducted on the real-world datasets shows promising outcome compared with the state-of-the-art techniques.
Investigating the Impact of Advertisement Banners and Clips on Video QoE

Although Quality of Experience (QoE) of Internet services can be affected by context influence factors, their actual impact is not widely investigated yet. In the context of online video services, web portals often display advertisement banners or clips to monetize their service. However, these advertisements can distract or annoy the users, which might degrade the QoE of the actual video service. In this work, two crowdsourcing studies were conducted to investigate the impact of advertisement banners and clips on video QoE. Therefore, both theoretical opinions on in-service advertisements and subjective quality ratings are evaluated. The findings confirm that advertisements are negatively perceived by users during service consumption, but a generally negative impact on video QoE cannot be supported, as the interplay of advertisement and the QoE of video services is rather complex.
Motor Activity Based Classification of Depression in Unipolar and Bipolar Patients

Wearable sensors measuring different parts of people's activity are a common technology nowadays. Data created using these devices holds a lot of potential besides measuring the quantity of daily steps or calories burned, since continuous recordings of heart rate and activity levels usually are collected. Furthermore, there is an increasing awareness in the field of psychiatry on how these activity data relates to various mental health issues such as changes in mood, personality, inability to cope with daily problems or stress and withdrawal from friends and activities. In this paper we present the analysis of a unique dataset containing sensor data collected from patients suffering from depression. The dataset contains motor activity recordings of 23 unipolar and bipolar depressed patients and 32 healthy controls. We apply machine learning to classify patients into depressed and nondepressed. For evaluation of the algorithms, leave one patient out validation is performed. The best results achieved are an F1 score of 0.73 and a MCC of 0.44. The overall findings show that sensor data contains information that can be used to determine the depression status of a person.
A fermentação de grãos de milho reidratados influenciada pela aplicação de aditivos: aspectos da conservação e do valor nutritivo para vacas leiteiras

11 LISTA DE FIGURAS . 13 LISTA DE TABELAS . 15 LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS E SIGLAS . 17 1 INTRODUÇÃO . 19 2 REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA . 21 2.1 A ensilagem de grãos úmidos de milho . 21 2.2 Modos de ação e uso de aditivos para silagens de grãos úmidos . 23 2.2.1 Bactérias do gênero Lactobacillus. 25 2.2.1.1 Lactobacillus buchneri. 26 2.2.1.2 Lactobacillus plantarum e bactérias homoláticas . 30 2.2.1.3 Combinações de microrganismos . 32 2.2.2 Aditivos químicos . 34 2.2.2.1 Benzoato de sódio . 34 2.2.2.2 Nitrito de sódio . 36 2.2.2.3 Respostas a aditivos químicos em silagens de grãos úmidos de milho . 39 2.3 Implicações fisiológicas do aumento da disponibilidade do amido para ruminantes . 41 2.3.1 Desempenho de vacas leiteiras alimentadas com silagens de grãos úmidos . 46 REFERÊNCIAS. 48 3 FERMENTAÇÃO E ESTABILIDADE AERÓBIA DE SILAGENS DE GRÃOS DE MILHO REIDRATADOS, TRATADAS COM ADITIVOS . 61 Resumo . 61 Abstract. 61. 61 3.1 Introdução . 63 3.2 Material e Métodos . 63 3.2.1 Confecção das silagens experimentais . 63
The physiological response of the deep-sea coral Solenosmilia variabilis to ocean acidification

Several forms of calcifying scleractinian corals provide important habitat complexity in the deep-sea and are consistently associated with a high biodiversity of fish and other invertebrates. How these corals may respond to the future predicted environmental conditions of ocean acidification is poorly understood, but any detrimental effects on these marine calcifiers will have wider impacts on the ecosystem. Colonies of Solenosmilia variabilis, a protected deep-sea coral commonly occurring throughout the New Zealand region, were collected during a cruise in March 2014 from the Louisville Seamount Chain. Over a 12-month period, samples were maintained in temperature controlled (∼3.5 °C) continuous flow-through tanks at a seawater pH that reflects the region’s current conditions (7.88) and an end-of-century scenario (7.65). Impacts on coral growth and the intensity of colour saturation (as a proxy for the coenenchyme tissue that covers the coral exoskeleton and links the coral polyps) were measured bimonthly. In addition, respiration rate was measured after a mid-term (six months) and long-term (12 months) exposure period. Growth rates were highly variable, ranging from 0.53 to 3.068 mm year−1 and showed no detectable difference between the treatment and control colonies. Respiration rates also varied independently of pH and ranged from 0.065 to 1.756 µmol O2 g protein−1 h−1. A significant change in colour was observed in the treatment group over time, indicating a loss of coenenchyme. This loss was greatest after 10 months at 5.28% and could indicate a reallocation of energy with physiological processes (e.g. growth and respiration) being maintained at the expense of coenenchyme production. This research illustrates important first steps to assessing and understanding the sensitivity of deep-sea corals to ocean acidification.
An Evaluation of Open-Source Software Microbenchmark Suites for Continuous Performance Assessment

Continuous integration (CI) emphasizes quick feedback to developers. This is at odds with current practice of performance testing, which predominantely focuses on long-running tests against entire systems in production-like environments. Alternatively, software microbenchmarking attempts to establish a performance baseline for small code fragments in short time. This paper investigates the quality of microbenchmark suites with a focus on suitability to deliver quick performance feedback and CI integration. We study ten open-source libraries written in Java and Go with benchmark suite sizes ranging from 16 to 983 tests, and runtimes between 11 minutes and 8.75 hours. We show that our study subjects include benchmarks with result variability of 50% or higher, indicating that not all benchmarks are useful for reliable discovery of slowdowns. We further artificially inject actual slowdowns into public API methods of the study subjects and test whether test suites are able to discover them. We introduce a performance-test quality metric called the API benchmarking score (ABS). ABS represents a benchmark suite's ability to find slowdowns among a set of defined core API methods. Resulting benchmarking scores (i.e., fraction of discovered slowdowns) vary between 10% and 100% for the study subjects. This paper's methodology and results can be used to (1) assess the quality of existing microbenchmark suites, (2) select a set of tests to be run as part of CI, and (3) suggest or generate benchmarks for currently untested parts of an API.
The Quality of Junit Tests: An Empirical Study Report

The quality of unit tests gains substantial importance in modern software systems. This work explores the way in which Junit tests are written in real world Java systems. We analyse 112 Java repositories and measure the quality of unit tests by finding patterns which indicate good practices of coding. Our results show that the quality of real world unit tests is low, and that in many cases, unit tests don't follow the well-known recommendations for writing unit tests. These early results demonstrate the need for more tools and techniques for refactoring of tests.
A Dataset of Duplicate Pull-Requests in GitHub

In GitHub, the pull-based development model enables community contributors to collaborate in a more efficient way. However, the distributed and parallel characteristics of this model pose a potential risk for developers to submit duplicate pull-requests (PRs), which increase the extra cost of project maintenance. To facilitate the further studies to better understand and solve the issues introduced by duplicate PRs, we construct a large dataset of historical duplicate PRs extracted from 26 popular open source projects in GitHub by using a semi-automatic approach. Furthermore, we present some preliminary applications to illustrate how further researches can be conducted based on this dataset.
One for All, All for One: A Heterogeneous Data Plane for Flexible P4 Processing

The P4 community has recently put significant effort to increase the diversity of targets on which P4 programs can be implemented. These include fixed function and programmable ASICs, FPGAs, NICs, and CPUs. However, P4 programs are written according to the set of functionalities supported by the target for which they are compiled. For instance, a P4 program targeting a programmable ASIC cannot be extended with user-defined processing modules, which limits the flexibility and the abstraction of P4 programs. To address these shortcomings, we propose a heterogeneous P4 programmable data plane comprised of different targets that together appear as a single logical unit. The proposed data plane broadens the range of functionalities available to P4 programmers by combining the strength of each target. We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed P4 data plane by coupling an FPGA with a soft switch which emulates a programmable ASIC. The proposed data plane is demonstrated with the implementation of a simplified L2 switch. The emulated ASIC match-table capacity is extended by the FPGA by an order of magnitude.The FPGA also integrates a proprietary module using a P4 extern.
Track-Down Operations on Bilattices

This paper discusses a dualization of Fitting's notion of a "cut-down" operation on a bilattice, rendering a "track-down" operation, later used to represent the idea that a consistent opinion cannot arise from a set including an inconsistent opinion. The logic of track-down operations on bilattices is proved equivalent to the logic dSfde, dual to Deutsch's system Sfde. Furthermore, track-down operations are employed to provide an epistemic interpretation for paraconsistent weak Kleene logic. Finally, two logics of sequential combinations of cut- and track-down operations allow settling positively the question of whether bilattice-based semantics are available for subsystems of Sfde.
Lack of Transmission of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus From Persistently Infected Cattle to Naïve Cattle Under Field Conditions in Vietnam

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), caused by FMD virus (FMDV; Aphthovirus, Picornaviridae), is a highly contagious and economically important disease of cloven-hoofed domestic livestock and wildlife species worldwide. Subsequent to the clinical phase of FMD, a large proportion of FMDV-infected ruminants become persistently infected carriers, defined by detection of FMDV in oropharyngeal fluid (OPF) samples 28 days or more post-infection. The goal of this prospective study was to characterize the FMD carrier state in cattle subsequent to natural infection under typical husbandry practices in Vietnam. Ten persistently infected cattle on eight farms in the Long An province in southern Vietnam were monitored by monthly screening of serum and oropharyngeal fluid samples for 12 months. To assess transmission from FMDV carriers, 16 naïve cattle were intentionally brought into direct contact with the persistently infected animals for 6 months, and were monitored by clinical and laboratory methods. The restricted mean duration of the FMD carrier state was 27.7 months, and the rate of decrease of the proportion of carrier animals was 0.03 per month. There was no evidence of transmission to naïve animals throughout the study period. Additionally, there was no detection of FMDV infection or seroconversion in three calves born to carrier animals during the study. The force of infection for carrier-to-contact transmission was 0 per month, with upper 95% confidence limit of 0.064 per month. Phylogenetic analysis of viral protein 1 (VP1) coding sequences obtained from carriers indicated that all viruses recovered in this study belonged to the O/ME-SA/PanAsia lineage, and grouped phylogenetically with temporally and geographically related viruses. Analysis of within-host evolution of FMDV, based upon full-length open reading frame sequences recovered from consecutive samples from one animal, indicated that most of the non-synonymous changes occurred in Lpro, VP2, and VP3 protein coding regions. This study suggests that the duration of FMDV persistent infection in cattle may be longer than previously recognized, but the risk of transmission is low. Additional novel insights are provided into within-host viral evolution under natural conditions in an endemic setting.
Improved Multiscale Roughness Algorithm for Lunar Surface

The statistical analysis of surface roughness has been applied based on the roughness parameters calculated by the algorithms in spatial domain (SDAs). The morphological surface roughness (MSR), one of the SDAs based on the mathematical morphology, has been succeeded in mapping the lunar topographic roughness at multiscales. However, some typical roughness characteristics, such as the small sharp rock distribution and the inner irregular materials of craters, cannot be indicated on the multiscale MSR maps. In this paper, we improve the MSR method by utilizing the Fourier power spectra (FPS), which is applied to characterize these typical topographic variations by transforming them into their frequency forms. A synthesized parameter called improved morphological roughness (IMR) is designed for quantifying multiscale roughness based on the MSR and FPS values. Compared with the other methods (MSR, root mean square, multiscale morphological roughness, Fourier roughness, and kurtosis), IMR identifies more complicated roughness characteristics on the roughness map based on the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter-derived digital elevation models (DEMs). For the multiscale analysis of different roughness maps, IMR can provide a stable scale-dependent distribution for the classifications of different terrains.
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer

Radiation therapy (RT) is a curative treatment modality for localized prostate cancer. Over the past two decades, advances in technology and imaging have considerably changed RT in prostate cancer treatment. Treatment has evolved from 2-dimensional (2D) planning using X-ray fields based on pelvic bony landmarks to 3-dimensional (3D) conformal RT (CRT) which uses computed tomography (CT) based planning. Despite improvements with 3D-CRT, dose distributions often remained suboptimal with portions of the rectum and bladder receiving unacceptably high doses. In more recent years, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has become the standard of care to deliver external beam RT. IMRT uses multiple radiation beams of different shapes and intensities delivered from a wide range of angles to ‘paint’ the radiation dose onto the tumor. IMRT allows for a higher dose of radiation to be delivered to the prostate while reducing dose to surrounding organs. Multiple clinical trials have demonstrated improved cancer outcomes with dose escalation, but toxicities using 3D-CRT and escalated doses have been problematic. IMRT is a method to deliver dose escalated RT with more conformal dose distributions than 3D-CRT and has been associated with improved toxicity profiles. IMRT also appears to be the safest method to deliver hypofractionated RT and pelvic lymph node radiation. The purpose of this review is to summarize the technical aspects of IMRT planning and delivery, and to review the literature supporting the use of IMRT for prostate cancer.
Association between the Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype and Prediabetes in Chinese Adults Aged 40 Years and Older

Objective To investigate the association between the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype and prediabetes in Chinese adults aged 40 years and older. Methods 12757 adults (4101 men and 8656 women) without diabetes or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, free of using lipid-modified agents, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The HTGW phenotype was defined as elevated serum triglyceride concentrations and enlarged waist circumference. A two-hour post 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed in all participants. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship of the HTGW phenotype with prediabetes. Results Individuals with the HTGW phenotype had a higher adjusted odds ratio (OR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.48–1.95) of prediabetes than those without the phenotype. There existed a strong relationship of the HTGW phenotype with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (OR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.57–2.13), but not with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.65–1.17). Only women with the HTGW phenotype are significantly associated with the combined IFG and IGT (OR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.28–2.62). Conclusions The HTGW phenotype was a useful risk indicator and a practical screening tool to benefit in the early diagnosis and intervention for prediabetes, particularly for IGT and the combined IFG and IGT.
Low-Power and Fast Full Adder by Exploring New XOR and XNOR Gates

In this paper, novel circuits for XOR/XNOR and simultaneous XOR–XNOR functions are proposed. The proposed circuits are highly optimized in terms of the power consumption and delay, which are due to low output capacitance and low short-circuit power dissipation. We also propose six new hybrid 1-bit full-adder (FA) circuits based on the novel full-swing XOR–XNOR or XOR/XNOR gates. Each of the proposed circuits has its own merits in terms of speed, power consumption, power-delay product (PDP), driving ability, and so on. To investigate the performance of the proposed designs, extensive HSPICE and Cadence Virtuoso simulations are performed. The simulation results, based on the 65-nm CMOS process technology model, indicate that the proposed designs have superior speed and power against other FA designs. A new transistor sizing method is presented to optimize the PDP of the circuits. In the proposed method, the numerical computation particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to achieve the desired value for optimum PDP with fewer iterations. The proposed circuits are investigated in terms of variations of the supply and threshold voltages, output capacitance, input noise immunity, and the size of transistors.
Decision-Feedback Prediction Channel Estimation for MIMO Cooperative Transmission

In this paper, the channel estimation (CE) scheme suitable for MIMO cooperative transmission using time division duplex (TDD) in a high mobility environment is considered. We propose a decision-feedback linear prediction (DF-LP) CE scheme, which is used during data transmission. The uncoded bit error rate (BER) performances of OFDM downlink using maximal ratio transmit diversity (MRTD) and single-carrier (SC) uplink using minimum mean square error combining diversity (MMSECD) are evaluated by computer simulation. It is confirmed that the proposed DF-LP CE scheme can significantly improve the BER performance in a very high mobility environment.
Multiclass Motor Imagery Recognition of Single Joint in Upper Limb Based on NSGA- II OVO TWSVM

In the study of the brain computer interface (BCI) system, electroencephalogram (EEG) signals induced by different movements of the same joint are hard to distinguish. This paper proposes a novel scheme that combined amplitude-frequency (AF) information of intrinsic mode function (IMF) with common spatial pattern (CSP), namely, AF-CSP to extract motor imagery (MI) features, and to improve classification performance, the second generation nondominated sorting evolutionary algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to tune hyperparameters for linear and nonlinear kernel one versus one twin support vector machine (OVO TWSVM). This model is compared with least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM), back propagation (BP), extreme learning machine (ELM), particle swarm optimization support vector machine (PSO-SVM), and grid search OVO TWSVM (GS OVO TWSVM) on our dataset; the recognition accuracy increased by 5.92%, 22.44%, 22.65%, 8.69%, and 5.75%. The proposed method has helped to achieve higher accuracy in BCI systems.
A Highly Reliable and Unbiased PUF Based on Differential OTP Memory

Physically unclonable functions (PUF) are essential for hardware identity and security for IoT devices. The PUF consists of a multi-bit string that requires unbiased randomness. A one-time programmable memory (OTPM) uses insulator breakdown in metal-insulator-metal device to switch between insulating (“0”) and conducting (“1”) state. An OTPM based PUF produces an unbiased bit-string if exactly median breakdown voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {BD}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and time are used. The exact application of median <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {BD}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is challenging in an integrated circuit as a conventional voltage supply tolerance specification is 10%. In this letter, we propose a <italic>differential</italic> OTPM-based PUF with a parallel circuit of two OTPM in series with a resistance. A high voltage stochastically produces a breakdown in one of the two OTPM first, which then reduces the voltage drop across the parallel OTPM circuit to prevent further breakdown events. The experimental results of <italic>differential</italic> OTPM PUF binary string generation show essentially unbiased randomness to demonstrate excellent resistance to supply voltage variation. Ideal uniqueness and reproducibility are observed. Thus, our approach enables PUF implementation with standard voltage supply tolerance and negligible post-processing.