Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Groves effect: 50 years of influence on behaviour, evolution and conservation research

This volume explores the complexity, diversity and interwoven nature of taxonomic pursuits primarily within the context of explorations of humans and related species, although it also delves into more distantly related species to show how taxonomy has impacted fields outside of human research. Essentially we are interested in showcasing recent research into that somewhat unique species we call humankind through the theoretical and conceptual approaches afforded by the discipline of biological anthropology. Structurally, our approach to understanding human uniqueness is tripartite in focusing on: (1) the evolution of the human species, (2) the behaviour of primates and other species, and (3) how humans affect the distribution and abundance of other species through anthropogenic impact. In this manner we weave together these three key areas of bio-anthropological endeavour and scrutinise how changes in taxonomic theory and methodology, including our fluctuating understanding of speciation, have recrafted the way in which we view animal behaviour, human evolution and conservation studies.
Do Retail Petrol Prices Rise More Rapidly Than They Fall in Australia’s Capital Cities?

This paper examines the long-run and short-run determinants of unleaded petrol prices in Australia’s capital cities using monthly data to test whether prices respond asymmetrically to external shocks. In the long-run petrol prices are mainly determined by the Tapis crude oil and Singapore petrol prices. There is some evidence of asymmetric price adjustments in the short-run since petrol price increases have been mostly passed on to the consumer faster than price decreases in four capital cities. One can thus argue that there are a significant degree of market inefficiency and/or collusion, requiring closer government price monitoring and scrutiny.
Atypical presentation of Merkel cell carcinoma positive to polyomavirus DNA detection: Experience from a single center

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare malignant tumor of the skin with tendency to rapid local progression and frequent spread to regional lymph nodes. In this paper we retrospectively describe the atypical presentation of 5 cases of Merkel cell carcinoma observed in our surgical department in the last ten years. Four patients had buttock localization whilst one patient had primary nodal presentation. Since integration of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) DNA into the tumor genome is frequently recorded in this type of cancer, we analyzed formalin-fixed paraffin embedded MCC tissue samples from our five patients for the presence of MCPyV DNA by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). MCPyV DNA was present in all five carcinomas. All patients were treated with wide surgical excision of the tumor and sentinel node biopsy. One patient had stage I disease, three patients had stage II disease, and one patient had stage III disease. Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered in all cases for local control. Chemotherapy was administered to the patient with primary nodal presentation and in stage III disease. Median time of follow-up was 84 months. None of the patients relapsed. Despite the low number of patients examined, our experience suggests that surgery is a necessary step whereas implementation of adjuvant therapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy depends on individual risk assessment. Treatment outcome was very good, probably due to early detection of MCC.
A Pilot Study of the Evidence Based Practice Training Program for Filipino Physiotherapists: Emerging Evidence on Outcomes and Acceptability

Background: The use of evidence to guide clinical practice has been challenging for health professionals across the globe. Issues of implementing the evidence become even more challenging among health professionals in developing countries because of cultural and contextual issues which compound the existing implementation barriers reported in the literature. An evidence based practice (EBP) training was developed for physiotherapists in a developing country (the Philippines) based on the literature and preliminary exploratory studies. The training program aimed to address issues of barriers to EBP and the nature of practice in a developing country. This study reports the process and findings of pilot testing the training program (EBP for FilPTs). Objectives: The objectives of the pilot study were to, 1) Estimate the effect size of the EBP training program in enhancing knowledge and skills in EBP, 2) Determine the sample size for a subsequent RCT, 3) Test the acceptability of the EBP training program, and, 4) Refine the components of the intervention (training program) as needed. Methods: Seven physiotherapists purposively sampled from one training institution which does not provide training on evidence-based practice were randomly allocated to the intervention (EBP for FilPTs) and the waitlist control groups. Pre-post intervention measures of knowledge and skills associated with EBP were assessed using the Adapted Fresno test. Participants and observers completed an evaluation summary and commented on the program Results and Conclusion: The EBP training program resulted in significant and large improvement (Effect Size = 0.8) in knowledge and skills. It was considered by participants to be an effective, acceptable, and practical medium to teach EBP to physiotherapists.
Spatio-temporal patterns of seasonal rainfall in Spain (1912-2000) using cluster and principal component analysis: comparison

Abstract. In this work, cluster and principal component analysis are used to divide Spain in a limited number of climatically homogeneous zones, based on seasonal rainfall for 32 Spanish localities for the period 1912–2000. Using the hierarchical technique of clustering Ward's method, three clusters have been obtained in winter and spring, and four clusters have been obtained in summer and autumn. Results are similar to those obtained by applying principal component analysis. Centroid series of each cluster and principal component series of each EOF have been compared to analyze the temporal patterns. The comparison of both methods indicates that cluster analysis is suitable to establish spatio-temporal patterns of seasonal rainfall distribution in Spain. Key words. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (climatology; precipitation; general or miscellaneous)
Effect of Femoral Head Diameter on Risk of Dislocation after Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty

Dislocation is one of the most common complications of total hip arthroplasty. The diameter of the femoral head is one of the more important of the variables under the control of the surgeon. We followed 527 total hip arthroplasties in 469 patients after primary total hip arthroplasty with femoral head sizes ranging from 28 to 44 mm. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon at one institution. The operative approach was the posterior approach in all patients. The patients were followed at defined intervals and asked about dislocation. There was a mean follow up of 60 months with a range of 12 to 138 months. In total hip arthroplasty, utilizing the posterior approach, we found no statistically significant association between the risk of dislocation and femoral head size.
Krapina 3: Cut Marks and Ritual Behavior?

Incisions on the frontal of the Krapina 3 cranium differ from other cut marks from the site. Thirty-five, mostly parallel marks course up the frontal from right of the midline, just posterior to the supraorbitale point to left of the midline, slightly anterior to bregma. They are angled mostly perpendicular to the midsagittal plane, averaging 5.2 mm in length and are on average 1.2 mm apart. The marks' characteristics are not consistent with scalping, cannibalism, defleshing or other perimortem activities described for Neandertals or modern groups. These marks represent a type of funereal behavior yet to be documented in Neandertals and suggest a kind of ritual treatment of the deceased.
Organizational Structure and Public Service Satisfaction in Yogyakarta City

This research aims at explaining the relation between organizational structure and public service satisfaction. The survey is conducted technically by requesting some respondents to grade the implementation of changes in organizational structure and performance of Licensing Department of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The academic findings are: (1) the implementation of the policy of changes in organizational structure led to the characteristics of post-bureaucratic organization, (2) the public service satisfaction has been in the relatively high level, and (3) the relationship between organizational structure and public service satisfaction is positive and significant. The theoretical implication of this research is that the empirical study supports the assumption which the organizational structure affects public services. The practical implication that could be recommended is that the characteristics of organizational structure should be fostered. Thus, the citizens obtaining services from the institution would be very satisfied. The limitation of this research is the small population of samples and respondents so that it would be hard to generalize the findings. It is suggested that the explanation of why public organization could provide access and assurance for citizens in lower level could be the issues to be investigated further. KEYWORDS: Public Service, Organizational Structure, Institution, Citizen, Assurance
Positive effects of mesograzers on epiphytes in an eelgrass system.

Traditionally, consumer–prey interactions have been considered as purely negative, but herbivores may have positive effects on plants and their productivity. Grazing may enhance prey biomass-specific productivity by directly or indirectly reducing the competition for light, nutrients, and space. We studied the effect of 4 common mesograzers, the isopod Idotea baltica, the amphipod Gammarus oceanicus, and the gastropods Littorina littorea and Rissoa membranacea on epiphytes in an eelgrass Zostera marina L. system. Eelgrass was grown in laboratory mesocosms for a set of experiments manipulating mesograzer species identity, mesograzer density and nutrient concentration. We measured epiphyte biomass-specific productivity via incorporation of radioactive carbon. Herbivore effects on epiphyte photosynthetic capacity were strongly positive for R. membranacea, moderately positive for L. littorea and I. baltica and zero for G. oceanicus under low nutrient supply. Both gastropods increased the nitrogen content of epiphytes, especially the small R. membranacea, and enhanced epiphyte growth. The crustacean species did not increase epiphyte nutrient content, but I. baltica probably enhanced epiphyte productivity by removing the overstory of algal cells, and thus reducing competition for light, nutrients, and space. The positive effect of the 2 gastropod species disappeared under higher nutrient supply, implying the importance of nutrient limitation for this interaction. The positive effect of I. baltica remained at moderate grazer densities despite the higher nutrient concentrations.
Combining Feature Methods for Content-Based Classification of Mammogram Images

Breast cancer is among the leading cause of death among females. Studies show that early detection allows for a better prognosis. Mammography is one of the successful ways for early detection of breast cancer. It mostly involves manual reading of mammograms, a process that is difficult and error-prone. This paper discusses a classification model for mammograms based on microcalcification characteristics, as a way of helping radiologists make quick and accurate diagnostic decisions by availing to them similar past cases. The images are pre-processed by Gaussian smoothing and median filtering with 5 x 5 and 3 x 3 kernels respectively. Gabor and Haralick features are then extracted to form the image signatures over which similarity measurements are made. Experimental results show an average precision value between 0.5 and 0.61 using Haralick features, 0.49 and 0.57 using Gabor features, and 0.51 and 0.78 using combination of Gabor and Haralick features.
Monitoring the Coastal Environment Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

The coastal zone has been of importance for economic development and ecological restoration due to their rich natural resources and vulnerable ecosystems. Remote sensing techniques have proven to be powerful tools for the monitoring of the Earth’s surface and atmosphere on a global, regional, and even local scale, by pro‐ viding important coverage, mapping and classification of land cover features such as vegetation, soil, water and forests. This chapter introduced the methods for mon‐ itoring the coastal environment using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Case studies of port expansion monitoring in typical coastal regions, together with the coastal environment changes analysis were also presented. Coastal zones are important for economic development and ecological restoration due to their rich natural resources and vulnerable ecosystems. Remote sensing tech‐ niques have been shown to be powerful tools in the monitoring of the Earth’s sur‐ face and atmosphere on global, regional, and local scales. These techniques provide important coverage and mapping and help classify land cover, such as vegetation, soil, water, and forests. The main objectives of this chapter are (1) to introduce the state-of-the-art techniques on monitoring coastal environments using remote sens‐ ing and geographic information systems (GIS), including landscape classification, automatic classification and change detection on regional scale, and objective-based classification on local scale, and (2) to present case studies of coastal environment monitoring, including Zhan Jiang Port in the stage of specialization, Gwadar Port and Djibouti Port in the expansion stage, and Ilichevsk Port in the stable stage.
Changes in the flood hazard in Germany through changing frequency and persistence of circulation patterns

Abstract. The link between trends in circulation patterns and trends in the flood magnitude is studied for 122 meso-scale catchments in Germany for a period of 52 years (1951–2002). Flood trends, significant at the 10% level, are detected for a large number of catchments. The catchments are pooled into three regions, based on flood seasonality and flood trends. Field-significant increasing trends are found for winter in Regions West and East. For summer, increasing and decreasing flood trends are detected for Regions South and East, respectively. The temporal behaviour of three flood indicators of each region is compared to atmospheric indicators derived from circulation patterns. Significantly increasing frequency and persistence of flood-prone circulation patterns intensify the flood hazard during the winter season throughout Germany. Moreover, a trend towards a reduced diversity of circulation patterns is found causing fewer patterns with longer persistence to dominate the weather over Europe. This indicates changes in the dynamics of atmospheric circulations which directly influence the flood hazard. Longer persistence of circulation patterns which in general do not favour large precipitation amounts may lead to large runoff coefficients due to soil-moistening and hence cause floods.
O ENDOMARKETING EM INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR: UMA AVALIAÇÃO NA PERSPECTIVA DOS COLABORADORES DA UNIJUÍ

Os cenários contemporâneos da sociedade do conhecimento indicam que o capital humano é o maior bem que uma organização pode ter, pois com profissionais criativos e comprometidos é possível que essa organização obtenha bons resultados no seu campo de atuação. Para que esses profissionais permaneçam dando suas contribuições e se sintam comprometidos com a organização onde trabalham, ações adequadas de endomarketing podem ser fundamentais. O estudo objetiva diagnosticar as práticas de Endomarketing de uma instituição comunitária regional de ensino superior, a Unijuí, a partir das quatro dimensões do marketing interno – companhia, organização, custo e comunicação – para identificar de que maneira colaboradores avaliam as ações de endomarketing e comparar as diferenças significativas dessa avaliação, visando o fortalecimento das ações de endomarketing praticadas pela Instituição. Os métodos envolveram pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, entrevistas em profundidade e um survey com uma amostra não-probabilística por conveniência de 100 colaboradores da universidade. A menor diferença apurada no diagnóstico foi Sentir-se realizado profissionalmente com o trabalho executado, da variável Companhia; e a maior diferença apurada foi Outras formas de recompensa além do salário, da variável Custo.
Analytical modeling of a thin-walled cylindrical workpiece during the turning process. Stability analysis of a cutting process

The purpose of this work is to develop a mathematical model of the dynamics of turning a thin-walled cylindrical shell. This model uses a finite number of degrees of freedom and takes into account the variability of dynamic compliance. It is then possible to obtain estimates of the boundaries of stability of the continuous cutting process. The model is based on the theory of shells with application of Galerkin’s method in conjunction with the expansion of the displacement field in beam and trigonometric functions. On the basis of the developed model, an algorithm designed for constructing boundaries of stability of turning of the thin-walled cylindrical parts is presented and compared to experimental results. A strategy to define matter removal sequences is proposed.
The CU Airborne MAX-DOAS instrument: vertical profiling of aerosol extinction and trace gases

Abstract. The University of Colorado Airborne Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (CU AMAX-DOAS) instrument uses solar stray light to detect and quantify multiple trace gases, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), glyoxal (CHOCHO), formaldehyde (HCHO), water vapor (H2O), nitrous acid (HONO), iodine monoxide (IO), bromine monoxide (BrO), and oxygen dimers (O4) at multiple wavelengths (absorption bands at 360, 477, 577, 632 nm) simultaneously in the open atmosphere. The instrument is unique as it (1) features a motion compensation system that decouples the telescope field of view from aircraft movements in real time ( The instrument is described, and data from flights over California during the CalNex (California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change) and CARES (Carbonaceous Aerosols and Radiative Effects Study) air quality field campaigns is presented. Horizontal distributions of NO2 VCD (below the aircraft) maps are sampled with typically 1 km resolution, and show good agreement with two ground-based MAX-DOAS instruments (slope = 0.95 ± 0.09, R2 = 0.86). As a case study vertical profiles of NO2, CHOCHO, HCHO, and H2O concentrations and aerosol extinction coefficients, e, at 477 nm calculated from O4 measurements from a low approach at Brackett airfield inside the South Coast Air Basin (SCAB) are presented. These profiles contain ~12 degrees of freedom (DOF) over a 3.5 km altitude range, an independent information approximately every 250 m. The boundary layer NO2 concentration, and the integral aerosol extinction over height (aerosol optical depth, AOD) agrees well with nearby ground-based in situ NO2 measurement, and AERONET station. The detection limits of NO2, CHOCHO, HCHO, H2O442, v360, v477 for 30 s integration time spectra recorded forward of the plane are 5 ppt, 3 ppt, 100 ppt, 42 ppm, 0.004 km−1, 0.002 km−1 in the free troposphere (FT), and 30 ppt, 16 ppt, 540 ppt, 252 ppm, 0.012 km−1, 0.006 km−1 inside the boundary layer (BL), respectively. Mobile column observations of trace gases and aerosols are complimentary to in situ observations, and help bridge the spatial scales that are probed by satellites and ground-based observations, and predicted by atmospheric models.
Computational Numerical Solution for Traveling Salesman Problem

This paper examined and analysed the desire of Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) to find the cheapest way of visiting all given set of cities and returning to the starting point. We presented a unique decomposition approach model for TSP in which the requirements and features of practical application in communication network, road transportation and supply chains are put into consideration. We used a Mathematical Modeling solution with the application of Ant Colony Search Algorithm (ACSA) approach for result computation. In our approach, different Agents were created for difference purposes. Information agent gathered information about best tour and detected the solution agent that arrived at a given point with information message containing details of where the solution agent has come from as well as best tour cost. The place ant performs local pheromone decay on the relevant links. This help to avoid random visit to irrelevant edges and allows the place ant to calculate the cost of tour of all place ants including the latest pheromone level on the links to each of the place ants. The solution agent uses available information to decide which node to visit next and informs the place ant of its decision to move to a given destination and update better tour previously sampled while information about where to go next also obtained. The place ant updates its pheromone value for that link using the equivalent of the algorithm for local pheromone update. The cycle continues until solution agent arrives at its destination. The main advantage of our approach is that it permits the use of mixed integer programming and combinatorial optimization techniques to compute real optimal routing path, solving the problem in practice by returning actual shortest route with its numerical value and not the best effort result as provided by some previous models and analytical methods. The implementation was carried out using C# programming language. Data used were generated and the performance evaluation of the model was carried out through simulation using Matlab 7.0. The result shows that by considering all possible paths between a node as the source and another as the destination , all possible routes for a particular journey with shortest route in each case were generated. Keywords: Ant Colony, Combinatorial Optimization , Mixed Integer Programming, Pheromone, Search Algorithm and Traveling Salesman.
THE ROLE OF GRID CELL SIZE, FLOW ROUTING ALGOLITHM AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL DEPTH ON SHALLOW LANDSLIDE PREDICTION

To assess the spatial pattern of landslide suscepti- bility, we linked a simple hydrological model and an infinite slope stability model to predict the spatial pat- tern of critical steady-state rainfall required to cause slope instability. We studied a headwater in the Aratani River basin, western Japan. To clarify soil depth spa- tial patterns, we measured soil depth on the hillslope by using knocking pole tests. We compared two wide- ly used procedures for determining local slope angle and upslope contributing area: a single-flow-direction procedure and an algorithm based on proportioning flow into two downslope pixels. Further, we examined the role of the analysis grid cell size on the precision of landslide prediction. We showed that by choosing an optimal grid cell size and using an optimal proce- dure for calculation of the upslope contributing area and by performing a detailed field survey to determine soil depth, the precision of landslide susceptibility as- sessment could be remarkably improved