Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Domestication and migrations: Using mitochondrial DNA to infer domestication processes of goats and horses

© 2012 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston. The complex process of animal domestication will have lead to important biological changes, including a reshaping of patterns of genetic diversity. Studying those patterns permits inferences to be made on the demographic and trait-selection components of the domestication process, and different models arising from archaeological and archaeozoological data to be compared. In order to contribute to current understanding of the domestication process, we analysed both modern and ancient mtDNA-sequence data in two domestic species, goats and horses, to compare different models of their demographic histories. The first archaeological evidence for goat domestication, on the southern slopes of the Zagros and Taurus mountains, dates back to between 10,000 and 11,500 BP, while the first evidence for horse domestication seems to date to around 7,000 BP, in modern day Ukraine and Kazakhstan. We examine two sets of increasingly complex demographic models, five for goats and three for horses, based on prior knowledge from archaeological and genetic data, and use coalescent simulation and observed genetic-diversity patterns to compare these models. We discuss the implications of the results and propose further domestication-process hypotheses that could be considered for each species.
Study of Electric Fields in Fabric Surroundings

In this paper, research into potential distributions acquired during the tribo-electrification of fabrics is presented. It was shown that fabrics with non-uniform field distributions, including those made of natural fibres, can generate strong alternating fields in dynamic conditions, exceeding a level of 104 V/m. The conclusion made was that a comparison of the strength of electric fields occurring in the surroundings of fabrics made of natural fibres as well as those produced from any other sources may help in the rational assessment of the harmful effect of static and slow-alternating electric fields on the human body . n Introduction The static electrification phenomenon is employed in numerous technological processes [1, 2], which may be the reason for the numerous serious problems and failures [2, 3]. The disadvantageous phenomena associated with static electrification also occur in textile technologies. The introduction of synthetic fibre technology into the textile industry is one of the most important reasons for the increased interest in the problem of static electrification. Thermoplastics (polypropylene, polyesters, polyamides, etc.), widely employed as starting materials, are characterised by a very high volume resistivity. A significant increase in the resistivity of the fibres of the material in comparison with the majority of fibres from natural origins leads, on the one hand, to their easy electrification and the occurrence of an electric charge, and on the other to the long-lasting storage of this charge. The problem above is illustrated in Table 1 by the values of the volume resistivity of conventional materials from the polysaccharide group, like wood, cotton, paper and other polymers, currently commonly used in the textile industry.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in Regulation of Cytochromes P 450 : NewWay to OvercomeMultidrug Resistance ?

Embryonic and tumour cells are able to protect themselves against various harmful compounds. In human pathology, this phenomenon exists in the form of multidrug resistance (MDR) that significantly deteriorates success of anticancer treatment. Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) play one of the key roles in the xenobiotic metabolism. CYP expression could contribute to resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy. CYP epoxygenases (CYP2C and CYP2J) metabolize about 20% of clinically important drugs. Besides of drug metabolism, CYP epoxygenases and their metabolites play important role in embryos, normal body function, and tumors. They participate in angiogenesis, mitogenesis, and cell signaling. It was found that CYP epoxygenases are affected by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). Based on the results of current studies, we assume that PPARs ligands may regulate CYP2C and CYP2J and in some extent they may contribute to overcoming of MDR in patients with different types of tumours.
The intensity of pain in female patients after gynaecological surgeries

Introduction. Gynaecological surgeries are performed on women of all ages. The choice of the surgery method is dependent on the disease entity, its progression, the location of lesions, the pa-tient’s age and the surgical approach to the operated organ. The in-tensity of postoperative pain is directly related to the extent of the surgical intervention, regardless of the patient’s individual features, her genetic predispositions or social and environmental condition. The duration of pain normally should not exceed two or three days after the surgery.
Environmental controls over carbon exchange of three forest ecosystems in eastern China

Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was continuously measured using the eddy covariance (EC) technique from 2003 to 2005 at three forest sites of ChinaFLUX. The forests include Changbaishan temperate mixed forest (CBS), Qianyanzhou subtropical coniferous plantation (QYZ), and Dinghushan subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forest (DHS). They span wide ranges of temperature and precipitation and are influenced by the eastern Asian monsoon climate to varying extent. In this study, we estimated ecosystem respiration (RE) and gross ecosystem productivity (GEP). Comparison of ecosystem carbon exchange among the three forests shows that RE was mainly determined by temperature, with the forest at CBS exhibiting the highest temperature sensitivity among the three ecosystems. The RE was highly dependent on GEP across the three forests, and the ratio of RE to GEP decreased along the North–South Transect of Eastern China (NSTEC) (i.e. from the CBS to the DHS), with an average of 0.77 ± 0.06. Daily GEP was mainly influenced by temperature at CBS, whereas photosynthetic photon flux density was the dominant factor affecting the daily GEP at both QYZ and DHS. Temperature mainly determined the pattern of the interannual variations of ecosystem carbon exchange at CBS. However, water availability primarily controlled the interannual variations of ecosystem carbon exchange at QYZ. At DHS, NEP attained the highest values at the beginning of the dry seasons (autumn) rather than the rainy seasons (summer), probably because insufficient radiation and frequent fog during the rainy seasons hindered canopy photosynthesis. All the three forest ecosystems acted as a carbon sink from 2003 to 2005. The annual average values of NEP at CBS, QYZ, and DHS were 259 ± 19, 354 ± 34, and 434 ± 66 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively. The slope of NEP that decreased with increasing latitude along the NSTEC was markedly different from that observed on the forest transect in the European continent. Long‐term flux measurements over more forest ecosystems along the NSTEC will further help verify such a difference between the European forest transect and the NSTEC and provide insights into the responses of ecosystem carbon exchange to climate change in China.
The facial structure of and efficient solution methods for the opportunistic replacement problem

We study a basic mathematical model for opportunistic maintenance planning. Two new classes of facets are derived, based on combinatorial implications and zero-half Chvatal-Gomory cuts, and it is indicated how these generalize to extended replacement models. Furthermore a dynamic programming scheme for solving the model is presented and shown to in some cases have superior performance to plain vanilla branch-and-cut solver. Sammanfattning Vi studerar en enkel matematisk modell for opportunistisk underhallsplanering. Tva nya klasser av fasetter presenteras, baserade pa kombinatoriska implikationer samt speciella Chvatal-Gomory olikheter. Vidare indikeras hur dessa fasetter kan generaliseras till utvidgade modeller. En dynamisk programmeringsalgoritm ges aven for att losa den givna modellen, och demonstreras i vissa fall ha overlagsen prestanda jamfort med en standard branch-and-cut-losare. Acknowledgments I would like to thank my supervisor and examiner professor Michael Patriksson for his role in the making of this thesis. Furthermore, the rest of the optimization group at Chalmers should not go without mention, and I would in particular like to thank Ann-Brith Stromberg and Adam Wojchiechowski.
HIVELytics: Building Execution Profiles for the Systems Running on HIVE

: Apache Hive could be a wide used information reposition and analysis tool. Developers write SQL like HIVE queries that are regenerate into MapReduce programs to runs on a cluster. Despite its quality, there's very little analysis on performance comparison and diagnose. Part of the explanation is that instrumentation techniques accustomed monitor execution cannot be applied to intermediate MapReduce code generated from Hive question. as a result of the generated MapReduce code is hidden from developers, run time logs are the sole places a developer will get a glimpse of the particular execution. Having an automatic tool to extract info and to come up with report from logs is crucial to know the query execution behavior. The designed a tool to make the execution profile of individual Hive queries by extracting info from HIVE and Hadoop logs. The profile consists of elaborated info regarding MapReduce jobs, tasks and tries happiness to a question. it's keep as a JSON document in MongoDB and might be retrieved to come up with reports in charts or tables. I have run many experiments on AWS with TPC-H knowledge sets and queries to demonstrate that our identification tool is ready to help developers in examination HIVE queries written in numerous formats, running on completely different knowledge sets and organized with different parameters. it's additionally ready to compare tasks/attempts inside constant job to diagnose performance problems.
Advertisement Mining using Hidden Markov Model

Predicting the individual's web-browsing behavior on the internet is more important for advertisement mining. This makes the advertisers or the publishers to successfully interact with users in providing relevant advertisement, many intelligent interfaces requires a method for recognizing, analyzing and predicting user behavior actions. Initially we need to collect a log of datasets with user behavior attributes. Hidden Markov Model is used to derive a pattern for predicting the behavior of the users on the web. Also, it helps in analyzing the performance of user behavior profile and estimating the advertising cost to perform Mapreduce jobs based on user's search query. With these collected information, optimized advertisement is deployed to the user using Bigquery mechanism.
Parallel and Distributed Graph Cuts

Graph cuts methods are at the core of many state-of-the-art algorithms in computer vision due to their efficiency in computing globally optimal solutions. In this paper, we solve the maximum flow/minimum cut problem in parallel by splitting the graph into multiple parts and hence, further increase the computational efficacy of graph cuts. Optimality of the solution is guaranteed by dual decomposition, or more specifically, the solutions to the subproblems are constrained to be equal on the overlap with dual variables. We demonstrate that our approach both allows (i) faster processing on multi-core computers and (ii) the capability to handle larger problems by splitting the graph across multiple computers on a distributed network. Even though our approach does not give a theoretical guarantee of speedup, an extensive empirical evaluation on several applications with many different data sets consistently shows good performance. (Less)
Genetic, environmental and life-style effects on androgen receptor function

Androgens regulate male reproductive function and their effects are mediated through the androgen receptor (AR). The AR gene contains a polymorphic CAG repeat, encoding a stretch of glutamines, affecting the transcriptional activity of the AR. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a downstream target and is commonly used in the screening of prostate cancer. The relationship between CAG number and male reproductive health has been suggested to be modulated by persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Humans are exposed mainly through food intake, but also from industrial processes and cigarette smoking. The dioxin-like POPs exert their effect through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), shown to interact with the AR. The aims were to study the role of the CAG polymorphism on; AR activity and expression in the absence or presence of POPs; PSA concentration in serum and tissue; and reproductive parameters and hormones in men. It was also elucidated whether the CAG number could modify the effect of cigarette smoking on reproductive characteristics in men. The transactivation assay included a reporter gene with a human androgen responsive promoter. Cells were transfected with vectors having CAG numbers of 16, 22 or 28, representative of the human range. To explore the association between CAG number and reproductive outcome, an unprejudiced spline regression model with CAG number as a continuous variable was used, as well as a stratified model and in case of linear pattern, CAG number was investigated in a linear regression model. We found that the CAG variant with the median length had the highest AR activity, shown both in cell lines and prostate tissue, and as highest PSA concentration in younger and older men. The unprejudiced statistical analysis gave a better picture of the relationship between CAG number and reproductive outcomes, demonstrating a CAG-dependent effect on hormone levels. The CAG repeat also had a cell line- and dose-dependent modulating effect of POPs on AR activity and was negatively associated with semen volume in smoking men. To conclude, the median AR CAG number had the highest activity in vivo and in vitro. This pattern consisted even in the presence of POPs, indicating a stronger resistance for the median CAG length to these compounds compared to less common variants. The CAG number was also associated with reproductive hormone regulation and might modify the susceptibility of current cigarette smoking on semen volume in young men.
FLEXIBLE FPGA INTERFACE FOR THREE-PHASE POWER MODULES

This article proposes the development of a flexible interface for the control of Power Inverters. A FPGA-designed system enables an implementation adaptable to any Power Module, with no need to modify the existing hardware. The interface identifies and indicates the type of faults encountered in these modules, generates switching signals on the basis of dead-time and sends a protection signal that inhibits its operation.
Creation of frozen arks for mammalian species conservation.

Preservation of endangered species represents a challenging perspective regarding quick decline of biodiversity. With benefit of human medicine and agronomic research developments, a wide range of reproductive biotechnologies are now available to facilitate conservation of mammals threatened with extinction. Cryopreservation of gametes, embryos and gonadal tissues are important to be performed for many endangered species on the basis of use of standardized methodologies. Examples of interspecific gestations have been reported for several mammalian species, indicating that some species can be restored using frozen embryos transfer even after extinction. This short review focuses on different illustrations of gametes and tissues cryopreservation among different mammalian species for creation of biological resource banks.
Pairwise Display of High-Dimensional Information via Eulerian Tours and Hamiltonian Decompositions

A graph-theoretic approach is taken to the component order problem in the layout of statistical graphics. Eulerian tours and Hamiltonian decompositions of complete graphs are used to ameliorate order effects in statistical graphics. Similarly, traversals of edge weighted graphs are used to amplify the visual effect of selected salient features in the data. Relevant graph theory is summarized and classic algorithms are tailored to this problem. Graphics for multiple comparisons are reviewed and a new display developed that is based on graph traversal. Improved star glyph displays of multivariate data are described. Parallel coordinate displays tailored to particular features of the data are developed. The methods and new graphical displays are made available as an R package, PairViz.
The Effectiveness of e-Learning Portal in Distance Education as Perceived by Students in Universiti Sains Malaysia

This paper seeks to present the receptiveness and effectiveness in the e-learning portal of the distance education academic programme in the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) for the 2007/2008 academic session. The study involved a sample of 1084 students and focused the participation needs based on respondents’ personal background, such as age, gender, education streams, ethnicity and current Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA). The analysis showed that most of the students had positive opinions about the effectiveness of the e-learning portal. This research is essential to gauge the initial perception of effectiveness of e-learning portal in distance education. Course evaluations are seriously important and should be increased in regularity to find out whether e-learning programs can deliver whatever they intended in distance education.
Enhancing primary healing post ray amputation in a diabetic patient: efficacy of natural honey

Ray amputation is a common surgical procedure performed on diabetic patients suffering from osteomyelitis-complicating diabetic foot ulcers. This report seeks to introduce a novel alternative to the range of existing wound dressing materials commonly used to manage post ray amputation wounds. Post-amputation, and after flushing the wound with normal saline and using a scalpel to perform proper sharp debridement, natural honey was applied. Following the application of natural honey, a sterile gauze was applied and the dressing was changed on a daily basis. Four weeks after applying natural honey on a daily basis, the wound had completely healed, by secondary intention. Using natural honey can promote wound healing by secondary intention and therefore provides a natural, efficacious, and cost effective alternative to the existing expensive wound dressing materials available on the market. This is important since Type 2 diabetes, and its complications such as diabetic foot ulcers, is already a huge public health burden in developing countries.
The Handbook of Attitudes

This new handbook presents, synthesizes, and integrates the existing knowledge of methods, theories, and data in attitudes. The editors' goal is to promote an understanding of the broader principles underlying attitudes across several disciplines. Divided into three parts: one on definitions and methods; another on the relations of attitudes with beliefs, behavior, and affect; and a final one that integrates these relations into the broader areas of cognitive processes, communication and persuasion, social influence, and applications, the handbook also features an innovative chapter on implicit versus explicit attitudes. With contributions from the top specialists, this handbook features unique collaborations between researchers, some who have never before worked together. Every writer was encouraged to work from as unbiased a perspective as possible. A "must have" for researchers in the areas of social, political, health, clinical, counseling, and consumer psychology, marketing, and communication, the handbook will also serve as an excellent reference for advanced courses on attitudes in a variety of departments
Investigating Mechanism of Rural Tourism with emphasis on the Natural tourism (A Case Study: Heidarabad village, Ilam province)

The Main Objective of the Present Study was to Investigate Mechanism of Rural Tourism with emphasis on the Natural tourism in the village of Hyderabad in ilam County. The Present research was applied type based on the goal, in terms of the Nature it was quantity research and in terms of the method of Collecting data was a Survey research. The Population of this study Consisted of three groups of expert(N=40), Rural housholds (N=110) and Touirists. For Selecting Sample, in the Case of the first groups the Census method eas used and for Tourists Population by using Simple Random Sampling method 100 people were Selected and altogrther 250 People were Studied. Main Instrument of gathering data was questionnaire that its Validity was Confirmed by Experts Panel of ilam universiry and Islamic azad University of ilam branch and Expets of Tourism. Cronbach alpha Coefficient was used to determine questionnaire reliability and its value was equal to . /96. For dara analysis, descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation was used. For analytical statistics, factor analysis was used. The Resuls of Factor analysis Showed that in Natural Dimention, InfrastructuralCultural mechanisms with the percentage of (25/55) was the most important mechanism of Rural Tourism Development.
Performance improvement of whey-driven microbial fuel cells by acclimation of indigenous anodophilic microbes

Various methods are available for the recycling and treatment of cheese whey with the objective of enhancing sustainable manufacturing. Currently, an increasing interest is on the anaerobic bioremediation of whey with the added benefit of generating electricity in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Since microorganisms are the biocatalysts in MFCs, their initial density plays a paramount role both towards electricity generation and bioremediation. Hence, this study was aimed at evaluating the effects of anode enrichment with microorganisms on power generation. Anodes were enriched with microorganisms inherent to whey for periods of 30 and 90 days before their application in wheypowered MFCs. At the termination of reactor cycles, the one-month-old pre-incubated anodes had 0.13% coulombic efficiency (e cb ), 88.3% total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD) removal efficiency and maximum power density (P d ) was 29.1 ± 4.9 W/m 2 , whereas the three-month-old pre-incubated anode had e cb = 80.9 and 92.8%, tCOD removal and maximum P d was 1800 ± 120 W/m 2 . Two non-acclimated anodes used as control in separate setups exhibited 0.17% coulombic efficiency, 71.6% tCOD removal and maximum P d of 30.9 ± 4.2 W//m 2 . Microscopy analyses revealed different morphologies on anode surfaces depending on the length of the enrichment periods and further molecular analyses of electrode communities indicated up to 92% identity to various species from the Lactobacillus genus. This study established that, an initial acclimation step ahead of MFC setups significantly improved the performance of reactors utilising live cheese whey as fuel. Key words : Cheese whey, microbial fuel cell, enrichment, alternative energy, bioelectricity, bioremediation.