Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cloacal Temperature Responses and Some performance Indices in Black Harco Pullets Administered with Betamint during the Hot-Dry Season

The experiment was performed with the aim of determining fluctuations in cloacal temperature (CT) of Black Harco pullets, and effects of betamint® on the fluctuations and some performance indicesof the pullets during the hot-dry season. Twenty-five experimental pullets were each administered with betamint orally at a dose of 1 ml/kg daily, while 25 other control pullets were given only water for 21 days. The dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity inside the pen and CT of each pullet were recorded every two hours (from 06:00 h to 18:00 h) on days 7, 14 and 21. CT values in experimental and control pullets (41.63 ± 0.10°C and 41.64 ± 0.13°C, respectively) did not differ, but betamint reduced (P<0.05) CT values in the pullets from 12:00 h and 14:00 h. Water consumption in experimental (4.26%) pullets was lower than that of the control (23.63%) pullets. An increase in live weight gain (15%) and feed consumption (45.91%) was obtained in experimental pullets over that of the control pullets (P < 0.01). In conclusion, betamint administration alleviated the risk of adverse effects of heat stress and improved live weight gain in pullets.
e-SNLI: Natural Language Inference with Natural Language Explanations

In order for machine learning to garner widespread public adoption, models must be able to provide interpretable and robust explanations for their decisions, as well as learn from human-provided explanations at train time. In this work, we extend the Stanford Natural Language Inference dataset with an additional layer of human-annotated natural language explanations of the entailment relations. We further implement models that incorporate these explanations into their training process and output them at test time. We show how our corpus of explanations, which we call e-SNLI, can be used for various goals, such as obtaining full sentence justifications of a model’s decisions, improving universal sentence representations and transferring to out-of-domain NLI datasets. Our dataset thus opens up a range of research directions for using natural language explanations, both for improving models and for asserting their trust
A Filly Born At 280 Days of Gestation: Management, Complications and Final Outcome

A mix breed filly was born after only 280 days of gestation in a spontaneous delivery. The filly was small, had a weak suckle reflex, very thin hair coat, severe tendon laxity and carpi valgus but was bright and alert and without respiratory difficulties. The filly was treated with plasma and prophylactic antibiotics and was fed via an indwelling naso-esophageal tube until she was able to suckle from the mare at the age of 2 weeks. The cause for the premature parturition was not determined, however, placentitis was highly suspected due to the apparent precocious in utero maturation of the filly that allowed for her survival without severe complications during the neonatal period. The filly consequently suffered from a traumatic fracture of the third metatarsal bone in the left hindlimb at the age of 3 weeks, which was treated conservatively with external fixation and healed. As a yearling, she developed severe degenerative joint disease in the left shoulder joint which was attributed to osteochondral changes that may have been related to her prematurity. The degenerative changes and chronic severe left forelimb lameness resulted in severe angular limb deformities in both front limbs which eventually led to the euthanasia of the filly at the age of 2.5 years. This case may suggest that severe developmental orthopedic deformities may be a late sequel of prematurity that may eventually hinder the long term survival.
Doughnut strikes sandwich: the geometry of hot medium in accreting black hole X-ray binaries

We study the effects of the mutual interaction of hot plasma and cold medium in black hole binaries in their hard spectral state. We consider a number of different geometries. In contrast to previous theoretical studies, we use a modern energy-conserving code for reflection and reprocessing from cold media. We show that a static corona above an accretion disc extending to the innermost stable circular orbit produces spectra not compatible with those observed. They are either too soft or require a much higher disc ionization than that observed. This conclusion confirms a number of previous findings, but disproves a recent study claiming an agreement of that model with observations. We show that the cold disc has to be truncated in order to agree with the observed spectral hardness. However, a cold disc truncated at a large radius and replaced by a hot flow produces spectra which are too hard if the only source of seed photons for Comptonization is the accretion disc. Our favourable geometry is a truncated disc coexisting with a hot plasma either overlapping with the disc or containing some cold matter within it, also including seed photons arising from cyclo-synchrotron emission of hybrid electrons, i.e. containing both thermal and non-thermal parts.
Dirichlet problem for supercritical nonlocal operators

Let $D$ be a bounded $C^2$-domain. Consider the following Dirichlet initial-boundary problem of nonlocal operators with a drift: $$ \partial_t u={\mathscr L}^{(\alpha)}_\kappa u+b\cdot \nabla u+f\ \mathrm{in}\ \mathbb R_+\times D,\ \ u|_{\mathbb R_+\times D^c}=0,\ u(0,\cdot)|_{D}=\varphi, $$ where $\alpha\in(0,2)$ and $\mathscr L^{(\alpha)}_\kappa$ is an $\alpha$-stable-like nonlocal operator with kernel function $\kappa(x,z)$ bounded from above and below by positive constants, and $b:\mathbb R^d\to\mathbb R^d$ is a bounded $C^\beta$-function with $\alpha+\beta>1$, $f: \mathbb R_+\times D\to\mathbb R$ is a $C^\gamma$-function in $D$ uniformly in $t$ with $\gamma\in((1-\alpha)\vee 0,\beta]$, $\varphi\in C^{\alpha+\gamma}(D)$. Under some Holder assumptions on $\kappa$, we show the existence of a unique classical solution $u\in L^\infty_{loc}(\mathbb R_+; C^{\alpha+\gamma}_{loc}(D))\times C(\mathbb R_+; C_b(D))$ to the above problem. Moreover, we establish the following probabilistic representation for $u$ $$ u(t,x)=\mathbb E_x \Big(\varphi(X_{t}){\bf 1}_{\tau_{D}>t}\Big)+\mathbb E_x\left(\int^{t\wedge\tau_{D}}_0f(t-s,X_s){\rm d} s\right),\ t\geq 0,\ x\in D, $$ where $((X_t)_{t\geq 0},\mathbb P_x; x\in\mathbb R^d)$ is the Markov process associated with the operator $\mathscr L^{(\alpha)}_\kappa+b\cdot \nabla$, and $\tau_D$ is the first exit time of $X$ from $D$. In the sub and critical case $\alpha\in[1,2)$, the kernel function $\kappa$ can be rough in $z$. In the supercritical case $\alpha\in(0,1)$, we classify the boundary points according to the sign of $b(z)\cdot\vec{n}(z)$, where $z\in\partial D$ and $\vec{n}(z)$ is the unit outward normal vector. Finally, we provide an example and simulate it by Monte-Carlo method to show our results.
Distributed Bootstrapping of Peer-to-Peer Networks

A completely distributed, fault-tolerant peer-to-peer network also requires a bootstrapping mechanism that is equally distributed and fault-tolerant. This paper aims to investigate alternative bootstrapping mechanisms than those seen in common peer-to-peer networks of the current day. Existing and proposed bootstrapping mechanisms have been studied and compared against five requirements that indicate its suitability. The method proposed is a variation of the Local Random Probing mechanism for bootstrapping called Reverse Local Random Probing. Sampling part of the Internet indicating the potential size of the popular Gnutella network, a mathematical model is proposed showing the normal distribution demonstrating the amount of probes required to connect into the network. This is compared with the Reverse Local Random Probing mechanism, demonstrating the speedup gained. It is shown that there is a generous speedup that is gained from the Reverse Local Random Probing that makes is a possible candidate for bootstrapping of next generation peer-to-peer networks.
Comparative Studies on in Vitro Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Aqueous, Ethanol, Ethylacetate and N-Hexane Extracts of Leaves of Datura stramonium and Ocimum gratissimum

The in vitro Free Radical Scavenging Activity of aqueous, ethanol, ethylacetate and n-hexane extracts of leaves of Datura stramonium and Ocimum gratissimum were investigated. Due to the fact that Free radicals are implicated in many diseases including diabetes mellitus, arthritis, cancer, ageing. etc. In the treatment of these diseases, antioxidant therapy has gained utmost importance. The phytochemical analysis was carried out by standard methods and the antioxidant activity of the various extracts were measured on the basis of the free radical scavenging activity of the extract on stable 1, 1-diphenyl 2-picrylhyorazyl (DPPH) at varying concentrations of the plant extracts (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 µg/ml) and absorbance was measured at 517nm using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results indicated that alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids and tannins were present in D. stramonium ethanol leaf extract while alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and steroids were present in O. gratissimum n-Hexane leaf extract. The percentage inhibition of the solvent extracts at 100 μg/ml - aqueous (30.77 %), ethanol (74.90 %), ethylacetate (49.94 %) and n-hexane (69.90 %) for D. stramonium while for O. gratissimum - aqueous (45.84 %), ethanol (49.47 %), ethylacetate (63.94 %) and n-hexane (91.14 %). Of all the extracts, n-hexane leave extract of O. gratissimum exhibited the highest free radical scavenging activity with IC50 0.21 μg/ml compared to ethanol leave extracts of D. stramonium with IC50 0.29 μg/ml. This study revealed that n-hexane leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum had a more potent antioxidant activity compared to the ethanol leaf extract of D. stramonium which had moderate antioxidant activity. Both plants extracts had no significant difference when compared with ascorbic acid standard (0.19 µg/ml) at (P≤.05). The phytochemical profile of the plants might be responsible for their high antioxidant activity, thus justifying wide use of O. gratissimum in diet which could provide a source of high dietary antioxidants and D. stramonium in ethno-botanical applications.
Cosmopolitan Early Jurassic Marine Gastropods from West-Central Patagonia, Argentina

A new, relatively diverse gastropod fauna is reported from the Chubut province of west-central Patagonia. The gastropod association at the “El Córdoba” fossiliferous locality (Lower Toarcian of Osta Arena Formation) consists of three new species: the eucyclid Amberleya? espinosa sp. nov. and two procerithiids Cryptaulax damboreneae sp. nov. and Cryptaulax nulloi sp. nov. Other members of the association are the ataphrid Striatoconulus sp. , discohelicid Colpomphalus? sp. , and an undetermined zygopleurid. Knowledge on Early Jurassic gastropods from South America and other southern continents is reviewed to show that the taxonomic composition of the El Cordoba association strongly resembles other gastropod associations of this age (even those from Europe), suggesting a wide distribution of cosmopolitan genera.
Working Paper UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST When Can We Determine the Direction of Omitted Variable Bias of OLS Estimators ?

Omitted variable bias (OVB) of OLS estimators is a serious and ubiquitous problem in social science research. Often researchers use the direction of the bias in substantive arguments or to motivate estimation methods to deal with the bias. This paper o↵ers a geometric interpretation of OVB that highlights the di culty in ascertaining its sign in any realistic setting and cautions against the use of direction-of-bias arguments. This analysis has implications for comparison of OLS and IV estimators too. JEL Codes: C20
Effects of suppression and release on sapling growth for 11 tree species of northern, interior British Columbia

Saplings of canopy tree species frequently undergo alternating periods of suppression and release before reaching canopy size. In this study, we document the effects of periods of suppression and release on current responses to variation in light by saplings of the 11 major tree species of northwestern, interior British Columbia. We were specifically interested in the degree to which increasing length of suppression had long-term effects on subsequent response to release in gaps or following partial cutting, and the degree to which the effects of suppression were ameliorated with time following release. At least some saplings of all 11 species had undergone alternating periods of suppression and release. The most shade-tolerant species generally did not show either a decline in growth over time during suppression or a gradual increase in growth at a given light level over time during release. The least shade-tolerant species exhibited significant declines in growth rate during suppression; however, in all.
Augmented Reality On Radio Base Station Maintenance

Radio base station(RBS) is the key infrastructure in wireless network and the main product of Ericsson. To improve the efficiency and success rate of RBS maintenance is therefore necessary and beneficial to Ericsson. Augmented reality is a promising solution by annotating computer generated guiding information on real world to enhance the information received during the maintenance. This thesis developed a workable AR application for RBS to evaluate the feasibility and difficulty of applying AR on RBS.Based on Android platform, the application used Vuforia from Qualcomm and Unity as tracking and rendering package respectively. Tracked result was imported to Unity and processed by low pass filters to remove noise. Filtered data was then used to build a distributed world coordinate frame array to cover the entire RBS panel. On this distributed world coordinate frame array, digital contents such as audio, animation were placed and controlled by a task state machine. Drove by the user control in user interface layer, the task state machine provide a flexible task scheduling scheme for task navigation. At last, digital contents and real time video captured by phone camera were synthesized and rendered on the cellphone screen.The result presented a practicable AR solution for RBS maintenance and reveals the advantages and disadvantages of deploying AR technology for RBS. Certain suggestions were also described based on the development.
Towards Satisfying Distributors in Multilevel Marketing Companies

This study examined the relevant factors which affect the satisfaction of distributors towards multilevel marketing (MLM) companies in Malaysia. Six factors were investigated, which includes: method to diffuse business opportunity, perceived quality of recruiting process, perceptions of products and services, up-line support, perceived quality of training program, as well as monthly income. Results of the multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the first four factors significantly affected distributors’ satisfaction. Only perceived quality of training program had no significant effect. Furthermore, one-way analysis of variance indicated that satisfaction was significantly less for distributors whose monthly income derived from MLM activities was below RM1,000 than those earning higher monthly income.
GTTS Systems for the Albayzin 2012 Audio Segmentation Evaluation

This paper briefly describes the audio segmentation systems presented by GTTS to the Albayzin 2012 Audio Segmentation Evalu- ation (ASE). The same systems presented to the Albayzin 2010 ASE have been applied in a blind fashion, that is, with no specific tunings to the Aragon radio archive recordings from which test signals have been extracted. The primary system consists of an ergodic Continuous Hid- den Markov Model with 5 states and 512 mixtures per state, each state representing a mix of audio sources: (1) music, (2) clean speech, (3) speech with music in the background, (4) speech with noise in the back- ground and (5) other (noise, long silence fragments, etc.). The emission distributions corresponding to the HMM states were estimated on seg- ments extracted from the Catalan broadcast news (3/24 TV) database provided for development, and transition probabilities were heuristically fixed. Given an input signal, this model produces an optimal decod- ing (and segmentation) according to the maximum likelihood criterion. The contrastive system consists of five 1024-mixture Gaussian Mixture Models (one per class, for the five classes mentioned above), estimated independently using 3/24 TV segments and applied on a frame-by-frame basis to get a sequence of smoothed log-likelihoods. The class yielding the maximum likelihood is chosen at each frame, and finally a mode filter is applied to smooth the sequence of decisions. The output of both sys- tems was filtered so that it consisted of 3-class (speech, music and noise) possibly overlapping segments, as required in this evaluation, assuming that at least one of the categories must appear at any given frame.
Circular Capacitance Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer

Capacitance micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) have become an attractive alternative to the piezoelectric transducers, especially in air-coupled nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and ultrasound medical imaging flow metering, micro/nanoelectronics, and industrial cleaning, etc. These are similar to other capacitance transducers as these employ a vibrating membrane to send and receive ultrasound in air and water. This paper describes the theory and design of a circular micromachined ultrasonic transducer which could lead to a CMUT with many advantages, including less loading effect. The software programs (Intellisuite 8.2 and MATLAB 7.0) were used to model a single cell of CMUT. The simulations-based studies of the critical parameters like collapse voltage and snapback voltage, which influence the operation of the CMUTs to a large extent, has been discussed. Small signal equivalent circuit model for the circular CMUT has been discussed and the program (SPICE) has been used for the simulation of the small signal equivalent circuit. Defence Science Journal, 2009, 59(6), pp.627-633 , DOI:http://dx.doi. org/10.14429/dsj.59. 1568
Detailed geometry of the subducting Indian Plate beneath the Burma Plate and subcrustal seismicity in the Burma Plate derived from joint hypocenter relocation

With the aim of delineating the subducting Indian Plate beneath the Burma Plate, we have relocated earthquakes by employing teleseismic P-wave arrival times. We were able to obtain the detailed geometry of the subducting Indian Plate by constructing iso-depth contours for the subduction earthquakes at depths of 30–140 km. The strikes of the contours are oriented approximately N-S, and show an “S” shape in map view. The strike of the slab is N20°Eat25°N, but moving southward, the strike rotates counterclockwise to N20°Wat20°N, followed by a clockwise rotation to a strike of N10°E at 17.5°N, where slab earthquakes no longer occur. The plate boundary north of 20°N might exist near, or west, of the coast line of Myanmar. The mechanisms of subduction earthquakes are down-dip extension, and T axes are oriented parallel to the local dip of the slab. Subcrustal seismicity occurs at depths of 20–50 km in the Burma Plate. This activity starts near the 60-km-depth contour of the subduction earthquakes and becomes shallower toward the Sagaing Fault, indicating that this fault is located where the cut-off depth of the seismicity becomes shallower.
Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Proteus, Providencia and Morganella Species in Burn Wound Infection

Background: The major challenge for a burn team is a nosocomial infection in burn patients, which is known to cause over 50% of deaths. The phenomenal evolution and increase of multidrug-resistance (MDR) of many bacterial pathogens is increasing and representing a growing public health problem in the world. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among the patients admitted to the burn ward of our hospital, between January and December 2012. All the patients irrespective of age, sex, duration of hospital stay, percentage and degree of burn were included in our study. Wound swabs from 1294 patients hospitalized in burn ward were studied. The various isolates were analyzed for their antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Tribe Proteeae was further classified into MDR, extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pandrug-resistant (PDR) on the basis of standardized international criteria. Results: Out of 883 isolates from 1294 patients, 71 were found to be Proteus species (8%), 15 Providencia species (1.7%), while only 1 Morganella species (0.1%) was isolated during the study period. Among the Proteus spp. , 55% (39/71) were found to be MDR while 39.4% (28/71) were XDR. MDR and XDR Providencia were found to be 53.3% (8/15) and 46.6% (7/15), respectively. While the only Morganella spp. isolated was found to be MDR. None of the isolates were found to be PDR. Conclusions: Although survival rates for burn patients have improved substantially in the past few decades, nosocomial infections still remain a major challenge in burn care. Resistance to antimicrobials is an increasingly common problem, and its management is a subject of concern. The present study highlights the alarming levels of antimicrobial resistance among members of tribe Proteeae.
Semantic Representation of Moving Entities for Enhancing Geographical Information Systems

Geographical Information Systems have become useful for fleet control, hurricane tracking, tourism analysis and some other critical fields that include decision making processes. The analysis have been mainly focused on historical movement, movement prediction and motion patterns detection, which have a tremendous impact in traffic analysis, finding locations of interest and most visited places, estimating hurricane damage and so more. Recently, ontology driven GIS have shown to the scientific community the advantages of making semantic analysis based in ontology models. In this work we present the advantages of using ontologies for representing moving entities and enriching information with semantics. We also present some experimental results of using an ontological model and making semantic queries over the laying information, encouraging on several obtained benefits and aiming to state a basis for enhanced ontology driven GIS.
The metamictization of zircon : Radiation dose-dependent structural characteristics

A suite of gem zircon samples from Sri Lanka has been studied using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffiaction, and chemical analysis. The degree of metamictization of the zircon, as indicated by unit-cell parameters, increases systematically with U-Th content up to the point of total metamictization. The appearance of IR spectra also varies as a function of metamictization: band widths increase and intensities decrease with increasing U-Th contents. Persistence of bands related to Si-O bonds and disappearance of bands related to Zr-O bonds indicates that the structure of metamict zircon consists of distorted and disoriented isolated silica tetrahedra with few ifany undisplaced Zr cations. All spectroscopic indicators of crystalline order show that total metamictization is reached at an accumulated radiation dosage of -4.5 x l0r5 alpha decay events per mg. Hydrous components enter the structure only after total metamictization, but the amounts are not correlated with U-Th content. In all cases OH was the only hydrous species detected.