Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The hippocampus, retrograde amnesia, and memory deconsolidation

There are numerous clinical and experimental accounts of retrograde and anterograde amnesia resulting from damage to the hippocampus (HPC). Several theories on the HPC hold that only certain types of recent memories should be affected by HPC damage. These theories do not accurately predict the circumstances within which memories are vulnerable to HPC damage. Here I show the HPC plays a role in the formation and storage of a wider range of memories than is posited in contemporary theories. I will demonstrate that an important factor in eliciting retrograde amnesia is the number of similar learning episodes. Exposure to multiple problems in the same task context leads to retrograde amnesia that is not observed when only one problem is learned under otherwise identical parameters. When multiple discriminations are learned, the output of the HPC blocks recall from and future use of the extra-HPC memory system.
Some physiological changes in Waldsteinia trifolia (Roch.) leaves in different months of the year

The study concerned an evergreen herbal plant Waldsteinia trifolia Roch. This species can be found more and more often in garden plantings in Poland. The aim of the study was to estimate the content of photosynthetic pigments, anthocyanins and dry matter as well as the permeability of cytoplasmatic membranes of Waldsteinia leaves. Plants grew in an ornamental plant collection at the premises of the Faculty of Horticulture of the Agricultural University in Krakow. The study was conducted in 2006 and 2007 in the following months: March, May, June, September, October and November. The permeability of cytoplasmatic membranes was estimated based on electrolyte leakage from leaf discs at 20°C in relation to total electrolytes in the tissue after unfreezing. The first days with temperature drops down to around 0°C in autumn resulted in a decrease in chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid content, but significantly increased anthocyanin content. The ratio of chlorophyll a to b and the ratio of total chlorophylls to carotenoids did not change in particular months. In both years of study, similar changes in dry matter content of the Waldsteinia leaves were observed. Dry matter content significantly increased in June and November and decreased in May and October. In June and in autumn, after first slight frosts, an increase of electrolyte leakage from the leaf discs was observed. However, high dry matter content (40.3%) was accompanied by lower permeability of the cytoplasmatic membranes of the leaves after winter during March. These results have shown good adaptation of Waldsteinia trifolia plants to the climatic conditions in Poland.
Microstructure , defects and mechanical behavior of beta-type titanium porous structures manufactured by electron beam melting and selective laser melting

This study investigates the differences in the microstructure, defects and mechanical behavior of a β-type Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn porous structures manufactured by electron beam melting (EBM) and selective laser melting (SLM). The phases, size and shape of melt pool, volume and distribution of defects are analyzed and correlated to the compressive and fatigue properties. Due to different powder bed temperatures, EBM and SLM samples consisted of α+β phases and a single β phase, respectively. The faster cooling rate during SLM promotes the formation of fine β dendrites, which leads to a higher compressive strength (50±0.9 MPa) and lower Young’s Modulus (0.95±0.05 GPa) in comparison to the EBM parts (45±1.1 MPa and 1.34±0.04 GPa respectively). The large defects present within solid strut are likely a result of tin vaporization. The tin vapor is more easily trapped during the SLM process due to a ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: shjli@imr.ac. cn (S. J. Li) ∗∗ Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: lczhangimr@gmail.com, l.zhang@ecu.edu. au (L. C. Zhang). 1 smaller laser spot size and a faster cooling rate. This results in a 10 times increase in the number of defects. These defects have a limited influence on both the static properties and low stresses level fatigue strength, but it causes a reduced and variable fatigue life at high stresses level.
Evaluation of phytobiocides and different culture media for growth, isolation and control of Rhizoctonia solani in vitro

Evaluation of different culture media (Corn meal agar, water meal, potato dextrose agar, malt extract agar) for isolation and growth of Rhizoctonia solani and phytobiocides (Neem oil, garlic, ginger, turmeric and pepper) to investigate their effect upon the inhibition of mycelial growth of R. solani was carried out in vitro. Maximum biomass (21.50 mg) was harvested from potato dextrose broth followed by malt extract broth (19.50 mg), while the lowest biomass (3.50 mg) was produced by sterilized tap water. Food poison technique was used by amendment of phytobiocides in potato dextrose agar (PDA). Neem oil was used @of 0.1 ml/20ml potato dextrose agar medium, while the rest of phytobiocides were added @of 60mg/20ml of the medium. R. solani was inoculated aseptically on the center of the phytobiocides amended medium. Results of the study revealed that all the phytobiocides reduced the colony diameters of the R. solani significantly (P<0.05) except ginger, compared with control (Un-amended PDA medium). Garlic was found to be the most effective inhibitory phytobiocides restricting the colony diameter to (38.25mm) as compared with other tested plant products.
An Approach to Enhance Dynamic Matrix Control Performance.

This paper shows a set of tuning equations, based on the sliding surface response to forecast changes in the parameters of the process, which are used to enhance and to tune the predictive dynamic matrix controller parameters. The controller presents a fixed algorithm and its tuning parameter equations were developed relating the characteristics values of the sliding surface and the characteristic parameters of the first order plus deadtime model. Simulations on a blended tank with variable level that presents non linear behavior are considered.
Operations management theory: a four-level framework for next generation operations

A four-level framework developed in philosophy of science is used to review recent operations management research. Findings reveal that operations management research still bypass key observations and taxonomic steps of scientific inquiry. This blocks research that can move past middle range theories and that can engage with more abstract theoretical levels and also stops the development of theories specific to the field of operations management. We recommend adopting the 4-level framework to get rid of such 'bad habits'.
The Pressure Gradient System

The pressure gradient system is a sub-system of the compressible Euler system. It can be obtained either through a flux splitting or an asymptotic expansion. In both derivations, the velocity field is treated as a small remnant of the original velocity of the Euler system. As such, the boundary conditions for the velocity do not necessarily follow the original ones and careful consideration is needed for the validity, integrity, and completeness of the model. We provide numerical simulations as well as basic characteristic analysis and physical considerations for the Riemann problems of the model to find out appropriate internal conditions at the origin. The study reveals subtle structures of the velocity: Both components exhibit discontinuities at the origin at traditional levels of numerical resolutions around 400×400 cells on the unit square, but they vanish at the origin with possible square root type singularity when we increase the resolutions. Comparing to the roll-up of shear waves or vortex-sheets of the Euler system, these singularities are mild and occur only along rays from the origin. The numerics is done at higher resolutions than traditionally possible via the automated clawpack that contains adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) and message passing interface (MPI), for which we provide the Riemann solvers in both the normal and transversal directions, where the Roe’s approximation has the elegant 1/2 average in the model’s original variables.
Pedagogical corpora as a means to reuse research data and analyses in teacher-training

One methodological challenge faced by CALL research is how to reuse data and analyses in ways that bridge the researcher-teacher gap (Colpaert, 2013). Building on LEarning and TEaching Corpora (LETEC) methodology for structuring data from online learning situations (Reffay et al., 2012; Wigham & Chanier, 2013), this paper presents the notion of pedagogical corpora as a means to foster pre-service teachers' professional development through reflective practice. Guichon and Hauck (2011) identified four different approaches to CALL-based teacher education, including 'confrontation with research findings' and 'action research'. In the first approach, when trainers want students to gain skills in developing online learning situations based on interactive, multimodal environments, they have recourse to the reading of CALL literature disconnected from actual data. In the second approach, pre-service teachers participate in experiments and adopt either the role of learners or tutors. In the latter case, attempts to use the same methodology for both data collection and training purposes are often difficult to manage: trainers face the issue that student materials are often heterogeneous and quickly extracted from the on-going experiment and pre-service teachers may only considering their individual practice. Carefully documented and selected materials from online courses studied in their original context would be very helpful. Pedagogical corpora offer possibilities to observe, examine and explore selected parts of a LETEC with reference to a lead identified within the research analyses performed. These pedagogical leads pertain to areas for enhancing either online L2 communication or interaction management. This paper presents the methodology developed for defining their structure (i.e. ways of extracting interaction data from LETEC and linking them to training tasks). We report on ways in which a pedagogical corpus can be used in teacher-training classrooms. The corpus discussed (Wigham & Chanier, 2013b) focuses on differences in tutor and student perceptions of collaboration in an online ESP course and compares and contrasts reflections from a teaching journal (Lewis, 2006) with interaction tracks from the LETEC corpus (Chanier et al., 2009).
Determinants and pattern of entrepreneurial failure

Abstract Research about business failure was focused on finding the reason of bankruptcy. This research tries to analyze reason and pattern of entrepreneurial failure. Based on 20 entrepreneurial failure cases, we figure out the reason of entrepreneurial failure, utilizing liability of newness and ERIS model. We find that start-up firms in Korea have liability of newness, such as lack of managerial capability, failure of R&D/commercialization, and difficulty of securing marketing channel. Also, we typologize 4 kind of entrepreneurial failure – Lack of preparation of business, failure of resource mobilization, absence of strategy, and failure of marketing. Key Words : Entrepreneurial failure, Liability of Newness, ERIS, Business failure pattern, Population ecology Received 1 May 2013, Revised 20 May 2013Accepted 20 May 2013Corresponding Author: Ha, Kyu Soo (Hoseo University) Email: ksh@hoseo.ac. krⒸ The Society of Digital Policy & Management. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.otg/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.ISSN: 1738-1916
Reptilian diving: highly variable dive patterns in the green turtle Chelonia mydas

Diving reptiles, unlike most diving birds and mammals, return infrequently to the surface to breathe. Spending the bulk of their lives underwater, they are likely to have developed a large variety of specific behavioural patterns different from those of their warm-blooded counterparts. However, for technical reasons, underwater behaviour of these aquatic reptiles remains poorly understood. In this study green turtles Chelonia mydas nesting on Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean) were equipped with multi-channel data loggers monitoring diving behaviour and activity (via a logger-integrated 3-D compass which served as an activity sensor) during the inter-nesting interval. Data from 2 turtles for 2 consecutive inter-nesting intervals were available for detailed dive analysis. Both turtles showed highly variable dive patterns ranging from travelling subsurface dives to specific dive types such as U- (mainly resting and foraging dives), S- (a form of energy saving swimming) and V-dives. The green turtles stayed near the coast throughout the study, dived no deeper than ca 25 m, but remained underwater for up to ca 40 min. The recordings of the activity sensor revealed high activity levels (less than 20% resting d -1 ) during the whole inter-nesting period which was attributed to extensive foraging. The combination of both the activity data and the dive data showed that the turtles were engaged in travelling movements for 46 % of the inter-nesting time spent underwater, foraged for 34 % and rested for 12% of the time. We discuss the physiological, ecological and conservation implications of these results.
Enhancing the utility of daily GCM rainfall for crop yield prediction

Global climate models (GCMs) are promising for crop yield predictions because of their ability to simulate seasonal climate in advance of the growing season. However, their utility is limited by unrealistic time structure of daily rainfall and biases in rainfall frequency and intensity distributions. Crop growth is very sensitive to daily variations of rainfall; thus any mismatch in daily rainfall statistics could impact crop yield simulations. Here, we present an improved methodology to correct GCM rainfall biases and time structure mismatches for maize yield prediction in Katumani, Kenya. This includes GCM bias correction (BC), to correct over‐ or under‐predictions of rainfall frequency and intensity, and nesting corrected GCM information with a stochastic weather generator, to generate daily rainfall realizations conditioned on a given monthly target. Bias‐corrected daily GCM rainfall and generated rainfall realizations were used to evaluate crop response. Results showed that corrections of GCM rainfall frequency and intensity could improve crop yield prediction but yields remain under‐predicted. This is strongly attributed to the time structure mismatch in daily GCM rainfall leading to excessively long dry spells. To address this, we tested several ways of improving daily structure of GCM rainfall. First, we tested calibrating thresholds in BC but were found not very effective for improving dry spell lengths. Second, we tested BC‐stochastic disaggregation (BC‐DisAg) and appeared to simulate more realistic dry spell lengths using bias‐corrected GCM rainfall information (e.g., frequency, totals) as monthly targets. Using rainfall frequency alone to condition the weather generator removed biases in dry spell lengths, improved predicted yields, but under‐predicted yield variability. Combining rainfall frequency and totals, however, not only produced more realistic yield variability but also corrected under‐prediction of yields. We envisaged that the presented method would enhance the utility of daily GCM rainfall in crop yield prediction. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Is the Adaptive Response an Efficient Protection Against the Detrimental Effects of Space Radiation

Exposure to high-energy neutrons, protons and HZE particles during a deep space mission, needs an efficient protection against the detrimental effects of space radiation. Recent findings concerning the induction of adaptive response by neutrons and high cumulative doses of gamma radiation in human cells have opened a new horizon for possible implications of adaptive response in radiation protection and especially in protection against detrimental effects of high levels of radiation during a long-term space journey. We demonstrated significant adaptive response in humans after exposure to high levels of natural radiation. Individuals whose cumulative radiation doses were up to 950 mSv, showed a significant adaptive response after exposure to 1.5 Gy gamma radiation. These doses are much lower than those received by astronauts during a sixmonth space mission. Screening the adaptive response of candidates for long-term space missions will help scientists identify individuals who not only show low radiation susceptibility but also demonstrate a high magnitude of radioadaptive response. In selected individuals, chronic exposure to elevated levels of space radiation during a long-term mission can considerably decrease their radiation susceptibility and protect them against the unpredictable exposure to relatively high radiation levels due to solar activity.
Detection of Malfunctions and Abnormal Working Conditions of a Coal Mill

Coal mill malfunctions are some of the most common causes of failing to keep the power plant crucial operating parameters or even unplanned power plant shutdowns. Therefore, an algorithm has been developed that enable online detection of abnormal conditions and malfunctions of an operating mill. Based on calculated diagnostic signals and defined thresholds, this algorithm informs about abnormal operating conditions. Diagnostic signals represent the difference between the measured and the modeled values of two selected mill operating parameters. Models of mill motor current and outlet temperature of pulverized fuel were developed based on the linear regression theory. Various data analysis and feature selection procedures have been performed to obtain the best possible model. The model based on linear regression has been compared with two alternative models. The algorithm validation was carried out based on historical data containing values of operating parameters from 10 months of mill operation. Historical data were downloaded from distributed control system (DCS) of a 200-MW coal-fired power plant. Tests carried out on historical data show that this algorithm can be successfully used to detect certain abnormal conditions and malfunctions of the operating mill, such as feeder blockage, lack of coal and mill overload.
La tumorothèque/tissuthèque CHU-CRLCC-UNSA de la Région niçoise

La tumorotheque/tissutheque de Nice est une structure implantee geographiquement au sein de l'Hopital Pasteur de Nice, et dont l'organisation associe le CHU, le Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Antoine Lacassagne et l'Universite de Nice Sophia-Antipolis. Cette structure a ete reconnue par la DHOS en 2003, et fonctionne depuis le mois de septembre 2004. Le champ des collections a ete volontairement restreint initialement a deux grandes pathologies : la pathologie tumorale et non tumorale thyroidienne, et la pathologie tumorale et non tumorale pleuro-pulmonaire. D'autres collections vont bientot etre associees. Les principaux criteres de qualite adosses a la constitution des collections tissulaires sont detailles dans cet article. Ces criteres de qualite ont pu etre definis avant le debut de la constitution des collections et ont donc pu etre d'emblee appliques et respectes. La qualite du tissu cryoconserve, la precision des annotations cliniques et anatomopathologiques en liaison avec ce tissu, et les differentes procedures de securisation et de tracabilite mises en place doivent conduire a l'obtention d'une certification par des organismes reconnus. Cela est primordial compte tenu des programmes de recherche developpes en aval a partir de s echantillons tissulaires collectionnes, utilisant des techniques precises et couteuses (microarrays, CGH arrays, proteomique, qPCR, microdissection laser, etc.) dont les resultats doivent etre reproductibles. une qualite optimale est egalement imposee par la necessite recente d'etablir des collections tissulaires dites a des « fins sanitaires » dont l'enjeu majeur est de pouvoir definir de nouveaux criteres pronostiques des maladies et d'envisager de nouvelles strategies therapeutiques ciblees.
A Fourth Order Diﬀerence Method For a Nonlinear Elliptic PDEs in Two Dimension Spac

In this article, we have presented a novel high order difference method for solving nonlinear elliptic equations with constant coefficients in two dimensions Cartesian coordinate system subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions. The present fourth order method based on the exponential techniques. The method reduces to central difference method when exponential function present in method linearized. We present numerical experiments to demonstrate the efficiency of the method and validity of our fourth order method.
Gel friction: A model based on surface repulsion and adsorption

A model describing the frictional force produced when a polymer gel is sliding on a solid surface has been proposed from the viewpoint of solvated polymer repulsion and adsorption theory at a solid surface. General relations for the frictional force f expressed as functions of the normal loading P, sliding velocity ν, the polymer volume fraction φ, or the elastic modulus E of the gel, etc., have been derived by applying scaling relations to the model. For the repulsive case, f is ascribed to the viscous flow of solvent at the interface and f is theoretically demonstrated to be proportional to the sliding velocity ν and the normal pressure P when the pressure is smaller than the elastic modulus of the gel. For the attractive case, in addition to the hydrodynamic friction, the force to detach the adsorbing chain from the substrate appears as friction. When ν is not very large, f∝ν. At an intermediate velocity, f has a velocity dependence less than linear, depending on the strength of adsorption. At a higher.
Testing the Efficiency of Vertically Aligned Gold Nanowires on a Titanium Needle Implantable Neural Electrodes in the Rattus Norvegicus Hippocampus

Using an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) approved protocol, the neural probe was deployed in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of a sedated rat. The signal was obtained as voltage against time and it was filtered for isolated spikes of neural activity, which were sorted in form of a Spike Train-Raster Plot. The qualitative evaluation of data, obtained through the newly developed neural probe, was used as ground work to decide on future research and discuss possible clinical impacts.
The Study on Construction Technique about The Reinforced Concrete Retaining Wall’s Lateral Displacement Repairing

Based on the stress characteristics and the composition of lateral deformation about retaining wall structure, a kind of lateral displacement repairing construction technique of reinforced concrete retaining wall is proposed. Meanwhile, the process principle, construction process and quality control points of the technique are systematically analyzed in this paper. From the application effect of site engineering, the construction proposed in the paper has good engineering benefit and promotion value.