Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can proceduralization support coping with the unexpected

Operations of safety critical industries unquestionably require a diversity of technical and organizational control measures to increase stability and predictability of the complex sociotechnical systems. Nevertheless, experiences from recent severe accidents and results of safety research have questioned the effectiveness of the prevailing safety management strategy that mainly relies on standardization and designed-in defenses. This paper discusses the identified need to balance between stability and flexibility in a concrete safety issue, i.e., proceduralization. The main research problem of our study is whether procedure guided practice can offer sufficient support for flexibility of operating activity. We shall frame our study with the help of a model that explains different aspects of procedures. We then elaborate how these different aspects were considered empirically in our 3-phase study. In the first study we interviewed 62 main control room operators and asked how they consider procedures to support balancing. In the second study we observed in detail 12 NPP operator crews' activity in a simulated loss-of-coolant accident. In a third study we inquired 5 procedure designers about their conceptions concerning procedure guidance in operator work. Drawing on either interview or behavioral data we analyzed the personnel's stance to the flexibility and stability balancing, and how the conceptions portray in the practices of procedure usage. Our results demonstrate that the operators are aware of the need for balancing flexibility and stability and consider successful balancing to represent "good" professional action. In actual action many operators, however, tend towards more straightforward following of procedures. Designers also see the capability for balancing stability and flexibility as a key operator competence but describe actual acting simply as procedure-following. According to the documents of the nuclear community, procedure-following is the ideal to be emphasized. The paper will be finished by discussing what new insights our results would provide for developing training of procedure usage and for the design of procedures. Keyword: procedure guidance; interpretative use of procedures; resilience
Assessment Of The Effects Of Time, Synthetic And Botanical Insecticides Spray Regimes On The Abundance Of Predators In Cowpea Production In Kebbi State Of Nigeria.

The effect of time, scouting and calendar application of neem kernel extract (nke) as a bio pesticide and commercial chemical insecticide (30g/l Cypermethrin + 250g/l Dimethoate) on the abundance of predatory insects was investigated using a farmer participatory research in Zuru local government area of Kebbi state of Nigeria.Volunteer farmers planted their favourite cowpea variety IT89KD-245-1 and the insecticides sprays carried out both on weekly (calendar) and scouting based using action threshold of 60% flower infestation/damage commenced at 50% flowering. The result showed that Dipteran predators constituted the majority of the beneficial insects caught, and were mostly Asiliidae and Syrphidae spp. predators' occurrence was mainly at the late flowering stage. Highly significant difference was found in the number of the beneficial insect between treatments. The species distribution difference between the treatments was also highly significant. Predators were less affected by neem sprays than by chemical insecticide, especially when spray frequency was decreased by scouting. Thus, neem spray as a bio pesticide applied on scouting basis is safe to the beneficial insects therefore, compatible with Integrated Pest Management (IPM).
Studies of molecular mechanisms integrating carbon metabolism and growth in plants

Plants use light energy, carbon dioxide and water to produce sugars and other carbohydrates, which serve as stored energy reserves and as building blocks for biosynthetic reactions. Supply of light is variable and plants have evolved means to adjust their growth and development accordingly. An increasing body of evidence suggests that the basic mechanisms for sensing and signaling energy availability in eukaryotes are evolutionary conserved and thus shared between plants, animals and fungi. I have used different experimental approaches that take advantage of findings from other eukaryotes in studying carbon and energy metabolism in plants. In the first part, I developed a novel screening procedure in yeast aimed at isolating cDNAs from other organisms encoding proteins with a possible function in sugar sensing or signaling. The feasibility of the method was confirmed by the cloning of a cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana encoding a new F-box protein named AtGrh1, which is related to the yeast Grr1 protein that is involved in glucose repression. In the second part of the study, plant homologues of key components in the yeast glucose repression pathway were cloned and characterized in the moss Physcomitrella patens, in which gene function can be studied by gene targeting. We first cloned PpHXK1 which was shown to encode a chloroplast localized hexokinase representing a previously overlooked class of plant hexokinases with an N-terminal chloroplast transit peptide. Significantly, PpHxk1 is the major hexokinase in Physcomitrella, accounting for 80% of the glucose phosphorylating activity. A knockout mutant deleted for PpHXK1 exhibits a complex phenotype affecting growth, development and sensitivities to plant hormones. I also cloned and characterized two closely related Physcomitrella genes, PpSNF1a and PpSNF1b, encoding type 1 Snf1-related kinases. A double knockout mutant for these genes was viable even though it lacks detectable Snf1-like kinase activity. The mutant suffers from pleiotropic phenotypes which may reflect a constitutive high energy growth mode. Significantly, the double mutant requires constant high light and is therefore unable to grow in a normal day/night light cycle. These findings are consistent with the proposed role of the Snf1-related kinases as energy gauges which are needed to recognize and respond to low energy conditions.
1 BUSINESS MODELS FOR INDUSTRY 4 . 0 – DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK TO DETERMINE AND ASSESS IMPACTS ON BUSINESS MODELS IN THE DUTCH OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

Manufacturing companies are currently facing impactful challenges regarding concepts such as Industry 4.0 and Cyber-Physical Systems. For the oil and gas industry however, no literature is available on the potential impact of adoption of Industry 4.0 components on business models. For this purpose, this paper proposes a conceptual framework to identify and assess these impacts. The framework was created and refined with six experts during semi-structured interviews. Furthermore, the refined framework was used to conduct case studies of business models in the upstream, midstream and downstream sectors. The case studies are based on desk study and semi-structured interviews with SMEs from the oil and gas industry in the field of Industry 4.0. The main goal was to extend the technology dominated focus of literature on Industry 4.0 by including a framework that can be used to assess and evaluate business model dynamics related to Industry 4.0. In three categories “Value Proposition, Value Creating Activities” and “Value Capturing Models”, ten business model characteristics and examples of their operational appearances are depicted in the framework. Using the framework, a total of 20 impacts could be identified on the business models of the three case studies in the Dutch oil and gas industry. Based on this study, the companies in the Dutch oil and gas industry can be recommended to focus on the creation of value networks and the offering of new services and products.
Cathodic Deposition of Triangular Tungsten Clusters from Ionic Liquids: An Explorative Study

Ubadigbo, Linda N. M.S., Department of Chemistry, Wright State University, 2012. Cathodic Deposition of Triangular Tungsten Clusters from Ionic Liquids: An Explorative Study In the present work, the triangular tungsten clusters {[W3O2(O2CCH3)6](H2O)3}(CF3SO3)2 and {[W3O2(O2CCH2CH3)6](H2O)3}(BF4)2 5.5H2O were dissolved in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic ionic liquids (ILs) and subjected to a cathodic potential of roughly 2V. It was proposed that successful deposition of these metal clusters on a platinum electrode would yield Pt-supported anodic catalysts which could be used in ethanol fuel cells (EFCs). Visual examination of the electrode surfaces indicated that a film had been deposited, however, the surface with W3(CF3SO3)2 quickly oxidized when removed from the IL. Therefore, SEM imaging and EDX analysis of the W3(BF4)2 surface were performed. The data indicated that the film was composed mainly of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, iron and fluorine with very little tungsten contribution. Electronic spectra taken preand post-deposition suggest that structural changes to the W3O2 unit occurred with the disintegration of the triangular geometry being a thermodynamically favored route.
A SPECTROSCOPIC REDSHIFT MEASUREMENT FOR A LUMINOUS LYMAN BREAK GALAXY AT z = 7.730 USING KECK/MOSFIRE

We present a spectroscopic redshift measurement of a very bright Lyman break galaxy at z = 7.7302 ± 0.0006 ? > using the Keck/Multi-Object Spectrometer for Infra-Red Exploration. The source was pre-selected photometrically in the EGS field as a robust z ∼ 8 candidate with H = 25.0 mag based on optical non-detections and a very red Spitzer/IRAC [3.6]–[4.5] broad-band color driven by high equivalent width [O iii]+Hβ line emission. The Lyα line is reliably detected at 6.1 &sgr; ? > and shows an asymmetric profile as expected for a galaxy embedded in a relatively neutral intergalactic medium near the Planck peak of cosmic reionization. The line has a rest-frame equivalent width of EW 0 = 21 ± 4 ? > Å and is extended with V FWHM = 360 − 70 + 90 ? > km s−1. The source is perhaps the brightest and most massive z ∼ 8 Lyman break galaxy in the full CANDELS and BoRG/HIPPIES surveys, having already assembled 10 9.9 ± 0.2 M ⊙ ? > of stars at only 650 Myr after the Big Bang. The spectroscopic redshift measurement sets a new redshift record for galaxies. This enables reliable constraints on the stellar mass, star formation rate, and formation epoch, as well as combined [O iii]+Hβ line equivalent widths. The redshift confirms that the IRAC [4.5] photometry is very likely dominated by line emission with EW0([O iii]+Hβ) = 720 − 150 + 180 ? > Å. This detection thus adds to the evidence that extreme rest-frame optical emission lines are a ubiquitous feature of early galaxies promising very efficient spectroscopic follow-up in the future with infrared spectroscopy using the James Webb Space Telescope and, later, ELTs.
Research on Improved Algorithm Based on AprioriTid Transaction and Candidate Item Compression

Association rule mining is one of the most popular technologies. This paper researches on AprioriTid of association rule mining technique, and concludes the two main problems in AprioriTid. One is giant candidate Tid list, the other one is the mount of nonsense projects storage. As to the main problems in AprioriTid Algorithm, this paper proposes an improved AprioriTid Algorithm based on transaction set compression and candidate item set compression. This algorithm optimizes the self-connection of frequent item set to reduce the candidate item set through deleting affairs and reducing data set; after testing and comparing the algorithm in many aspects by UCI standard test set, the improved algorithm grows by 10%-20% in time efficiency.
PRELIMINARY PHOTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, VITAMIN CONTENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF IPOMOEA MAURITIANA (JACQ) TUBERS AND THEIR PEELS.

This study investigated the phytochemicals, vitamins content and anti-microbial activity of Ipomoea mauritiana tubers and their peels according to standard procedures. Phytochemical screening of the tubers and peels of Ipomoea mauritiana revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and terpenoids. Vitamin assay of the tubers showed the following results; vitamin A (3.12 ± 0.01µg/100g), vitamin C (25.00 ± 0.05mg/100g), vitamin E (1.82 ± 0.01mg/100g) while that of the peels revealed the following; vitamin A (2.13 ± 0.01µg/100g), vitamin C (2.03 ± 0.01mg/100g), and vitamin E (1.73 ± 0.003mg/100g). The anti-microbial activity in dimethyl sulphoxide showed no inhibition for the ethanolic tubers extract in all five test organisms used whereas the ethanolic peels extract showed activity only against two organisms so their minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined. Spotting anti-microbial activity carried out on the solid crude ethanolic extract of both the tubers and peels of the plant under study showed significant inhibition Keywords: Ipomoea mauritiana, photochemical, anti-microbial, vitamins
On a Topological Problem of Strange Attractors

Somehow, the revised version of our paper \cite{KY} does not appear on journals' home page. Here we present the revised version altered to reflect the corrections and/or additions to that paper. In this note, we consider self-affine attractors that are generated by an integer expanding $n\times n$ matrix (i.e., all of its eigenvalues have moduli $>1$) and a finite set of vectors in ${\Bbb{Z}}^n$. We concentrate on the problem of connectedness for $n\leq 2$. Although, there has been intensive study on the topic recently, this problem is not settled even in the one-dimensional case. We focus on some basic attractors, which have not been studied fully, and characterize connectedness.
The Interaction between American and European IRS Interest Rates

Abstract European interest rates movements are affected by various internal and external factors. This paper studies the link between European and American short- and long-term interest rates. In particular, we consider the forward interest rates coming from euro and dollar IRS term structures. The econometric techniques employed are co-integration, Granger-causality, OLS and GMM. Our results indicate that European remote settlement forward and long-term interest rates are primarily driven by US rates and confirm that the causality acts mainly from the US to the Eurozone. This was true even during the recent periods of European Central Bank quantitative easing. These factors weaken the ECB’s ability to intervene. In fact, we found the impact of American monetary policy on long-term interest rates to be also relevant for European bonds.
Beyond the Coronary Lumen: Interaction Between the Plaque and the Obstruction

Hace alrededor de cuatro décadas surgieron casi simultáneamente dos paradigmas que a manera de dogma siguen impregnando nuestra forma de pensar la enfermedad coronaria. En 1972, los anatomopatólogos, liderados por William C. Roberts, encontraban en las necropsias que el infarto agudo de miocardio era el resultado de una obstrucción casi total de la luz por el crecimiento progresivo del ateroma coronario, y al mismo tiempo consideraban a la trombosis como la consecuencia y no la causa del infarto de miocardio. Por eso, para cuantificar la enfermedad, los patólogos comenzaron a medir el “área de la sección transversal” (AST) de la estenosis coronaria. (1) Tiempo después se hizo evidente que la cuantificación por AST sobrestimaba la enfermedad comparada con la angiografía coronaria; por ejemplo, 50% de estenosis del diámetro de una angiografía representaba 75% de obstrucción del AST anatomopatológica. Desde esa época damos por supuesto que para rotular un dolor de pecho como debido a enfermedad cardíaca isquémica, ya sea un síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) o una angina de pecho típica, el paciente debe presentar una lesión obstructiva, que llamaremos significativa en la angiografía coronaria. Hacemos esto porque creemos, sin tener dudas, en la experimentación en animales que Gould y Lipscomb realizaron 2 años después, en 1974, (2) en la que comprobaron el efecto del estrechamiento progresivo de una arteria coronaria sobre el flujo coronario máximo y de reposo al demostrar experimentalmente que una reducción ≥ 50% limitaba la capacidad vasodilatadora máxima y una reducción ≥ 85% limitaba el flujo coronario de reposo. Estos hallazgos se trasladaron sin más a la clínica y comenzamos a hablar de las suboclusiones coronarias críticas (≥ 85% de obstrucción coronaria) en los pacientes con SCA y a su vez de la lesión coronaria significativa (≥ 50% de obstrucción coronaria) en una angina crónica estable (ACE). Esta observación de la ciencia básica del efecto del área de sección transversal, o en su defecto su diámetro, transmutó esas lesiones en “estenosis que causan la isquemia” en el paciente. Pero unos 15 años después, en 1989, Muller y colaboradores describen como placas “vulnerables” aquellas estenosis coronarias que no limitan el flujo (menores del 50%) pero que tienen propensión a la rotura y causan infarto agudo de miocardio. (3) La habilidad necesaria para poder predecir los eventos que producen el “accidente de placa” permanece en la actualidad como una tarea desafiante y más aún el reconocimiento de la evolución natural y también del tratamiento médico óptimo en el ateroma coronario en vivo.
Hawkmoth-flower interactions in the urban landscape: Sphingidae ecology, with a focus on the genus Hemaris

Moths of the family Sphingidae are important pollinators in many ecosystems across the United States; however their abundance, diversity and contributions to pollination have not been well studied in the Northeast. We compared abundance and diversity of sphingid moth populations between urban and suburban sites in the New Jersey – New York metropolitan region and found significant differences in these parameters, with suburban sites having both higher moth abundances and diversities than urban sites. We compared nighttime light intensities across all sites to correlate increased nighttime light intensity with moth abundance and diversity. Urban sites had significantly higher nighttime light intensity, a factor that has been shown to negatively affect the behavior of nocturnal organisms. We analyzed moths’ pollen diets based on pollen grains swabbed from the moths’ bodies to examine the contribution of Sphingidae to pollination in these habitat types. These data were inconclusive due to insufficient sample sizes.
BIO-INSPIRED DESIGN CHARACTERISATION AND ITS LINKS WITH PROBLEM SOLVING TOOLS

Although bio-inspiration is a well-known instrument for innovation, the problem-solving process that leads to the solution has not been fully investigated yet. The purpose of this article is to understand what bio-inspiration is, by defining its relative concepts and boundaries. After the outlining of a generic biomimetic process, a direct correspondence with TRIZ tools is presented. Each phase of the proposed process has been classified according to the type of tool that is needed. For the two first class, an ideal set of features has been defined.
FCJ-210 Falling Robots.

Falling is not usually viewed as a desirable act for humanoid robots, as it can lead to damage and injury of people, things and the robot itself. This article explores how falling can be viewed as an aesthetic, creative act, through positioning it within dance. Strategies for falling safely in dance are compared with engineering approaches to controlling falling for bipedal robots, through the language of automatic reflex, righting reaction and equilibrium response patterns in relation to gravity. By playing with parameters of movement as dancers and choreographers do, the act of falling by robots can go beyond safety-oriented motivations of avoidance and damage mitigation towards expressive behaviours that can be read on multiple levels of meaning for performance, entertainment and non-verbal communication between humans and machines. doi: 10.15307/fcj.28. 205.2017 Falling is not usually viewed as a desirable act for humanoid robots, as it can lead to damage and injury of people, things and the robot itself. This article explores how falling can be viewed as an aesthetic, creative, and indeed desirable act, through positioning it within the disciplines of dance and choreography. Strategies for falling safely in dance are compared with engineering approaches to controlling falling for bipedal robots. By this comparison, the article identifies two main areas in which an aesthetic approach to movement might be used to extend falling strategies for humanoid robots. Studying and categorising reflexes used by dancers and humanoid robots in falling, the article proposes that particular reflexes be used as common ground in developing a more communicative language for moving, falling and performing robots. Then, by playing with parameters of movement as dancers and choreographers do, falling robots can go beyond safety-oriented motivations of avoidance and damage mitigation towards expressive behaviours that can be read on multiple levels of meaning for performance, entertainment and non-verbal communication between humans and machines. Instability is at the core of human balance and movement. Movement scientists have observed the phenomenon of postural sway – the continuous, small amplitude, high frequency movement of a dynamic system. This was once discounted as noise, but in cybernetic theory these small movements are considered exploratory and provide informative feedback on the state of balance of the system (Goldfarb, 1993). This
Negative emissions—Part 2: Costs, potentials and side effects

The most recent IPCC assessment has shown an important role for negative emissions technologies (NETs) in limiting global warming to 2 °C cost-effectively. However, a bottom-up, systematic, reproducible, and transparent literature assessment of the different options to remove CO2 from the atmosphere is currently missing. In part 1 of this three-part review on NETs, we assemble a comprehensive set of the relevant literature so far published, focusing on seven technologies: bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), afforestation and reforestation, direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS), enhanced weathering, ocean fertilisation, biochar, and soil carbon sequestration. In this part, part 2 of the review, we present estimates of costs, potentials, and side-effects for these technologies, and qualify them with the authors’ assessment. Part 3 reviews the innovation and scaling challenges that must be addressed to realise NETs deployment as a viable climate mitigation strategy. Based on a systematic review of the literature, our best estimates for sustainable global NET potentials in 2050 are 0.5–3.6 GtCO2 yr−1 for afforestation and reforestation, 0.5–5 GtCO2 yr−1 for BECCS, 0.5–2 GtCO2 yr−1 for biochar, 2–4 GtCO2 yr−1 for enhanced weathering, 0.5–5 GtCO2 yr−1 for DACCS, and up to 5 GtCO2 yr−1 for soil carbon sequestration. Costs vary widely across the technologies, as do their permanency and cumulative potentials beyond 2050. It is unlikely that a single NET will be able to sustainably meet the rates of carbon uptake described in integrated assessment pathways consistent with 1.5 °C of global warming.
Stokvels as an instrument and channel to extend credit to poor households in South Africa

The aim of the article is to investigate the possible use of traditional stokvels as a channel or conduit to give poor households access to much-needed cash. Cash and access to cash or credit is central to economic life. The hypothesis of the article is that traditional stokvels in South Africa can be used in their existing form, when pooled, as a special purpose vehicle (SPV) to extend much-needed cash to poor households in order to smooth their consumption. In dealing with uncertainty, the traditional stokvels ensure reliable and predictable behaviour in a mechanism that makes it possible to supply credit at low cost and risk.