Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulator-based evaluation of the DriveSmart novice driver CD-ROM training product

The Monash University Accident Research Centre (MUARC) recently completed research which culminated in the development of a CD ROM training product designed to accelerate the development of perceptual and cognitive driving skills known to be critical in reducing the crash risk of young novice drivers. This paper describes the design and outcomes of an experiment, using an advanced driving simulator located at MUARC, which evaluated the instructional effectiveness of the product. A total of 103 learner drivers aged almost 18 years with between 40 and 110 hours of driving experience participated. Fifty two subjects (the treatment group) completed 5 sessions of DriveSmart training. Fifty one subjects (the control group) completed 5 sessions of training using the Microsoft Flight Simulator 98 CD ROM product. One week after training, and again 4 weeks later, all subjects performed 7 drives in the MUARC simulator which assessed their risk perception and attentional control skills. Overall, treatment subjects drove more safely in the simulator than controls following training and were no more confident in their driving ability following training than controls. These training effects generalised to risky traffic situations which were not encountered during training and persisted for at least four weeks after training. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see IRRD abstract no. E202589.
Circulating Tumor Cells: Detection and Clinical Relevance

Th e detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood and disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in bone marrow of cancer patients holds great promise but remains a technical challenge. Here, we provide a critical review of (i) current methods used for detection of CTC/DTC, (ii) data on phenotypic and molecular characterization of CTC/DTC with a particular emphasis on tumor dormancy, cancer stem cell theory and novel targets for biological therapies, and (iii) preconditions to establish CTC/DTC measurements in clinical practice. Detection and characterization of CTC/DTC can be used for estimation of the risk for metastatic relapse, stratiﬁ cation of patients to adjuvant therapy, identiﬁ cation of therapeutic targets and monitoring of systemic anti-cancer therapies and can provide new insights into the biology of metastatic development. Th ese data can then be cross-validated with the ﬁ ndings in experimental models which allow sophisticated functional analyses. A better understanding of the complex metastatic process may lead to the discovery of new targets for antimetastasis therapies. Research on CTC will contribute to more “tailored” and personalized anti-metastatic therapies.
Importance of insoluble amylose as a determinant of rice quality.

32 var. of rice, belonging to various classes and characteristics, were studied for their textural and physicochemical properties. The var. could be divided into 5 groups depending on their total and hot water-insoluble amylose contents. It was found that the textural properties of the samples (stickiness and consistency of cooked rice and viscogram characteristics) could not be explained on the basis of the total amylose content alone, but they correlated well with the insoluble amylose content. As the insoluble amylose increased, the consistency and the setback increased, and the stickiness and breakdown decreased. The alkali degradation type of rice, and the equilibrium moisture content attained by it after soaking in water, also seemed to have an important relationship with its quality. Neither the protein content nor the gelatinization temp. , or its various manifestations, seemed to have any relationship to the other quality characteristics studied.
Microbial status in seawater and coastal sediments during pre- and post-tsunami periods in the Bay of Bengal, India

Tsunami, the natural disaster, which occurred on December 26, 2004 in the Indian Ocean, caused severe damage to mankind in the coastal areas. Total loss of life and economic loss because of this disaster have been estimated by various agencies but its effect on microbial density has not been probed. With our previous results on microbial populations in four locations of the Chennai coast of the Bay of Bengal, India in the pre-tsunami period, the change in microbial populations was studied after the tsunami at regular intervals in the same locations. Coastal sediment and seawater samples were collected from four different locations after 5–10 h and thereafter at intervals of every 7 days up to 28 days post-tsunami. Bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were isolated from the marine samples by serial dilution on respective media. Before the tsunami, the bacterial population was higher in seawater samples than the sediments, whereas fungi and actinomycetes were recorded only in the sediments. The microbial population remarkably increased 5–10 h post-tsunami in all the marine samples irrespective of the location. However, it slowly declined in the subsequent days and became similar to that of the population recorded before the tsunami. The population of gram-positive bacteria increased whereas the gram-negative bacterial population decreased after the tsunami. Further, populations of pathogenic bacteria such as coliform and vibrios did not increase after the tsunami. It has been observed that the increase in populations of bacteria and actinomycetes even after 28 days of tsunami may be due to the introduction of foreign microorganisms that developed the ability to survive in the extreme environment by exhibiting special characteristics such as pigmentation and production of exopolysaccharides.
The effect of environmental factors on field and laboratory germination in a population of Zostera marina L. from southern England

Abstract The effects of temperature, oxygen availability and salinity on seed germination in a population of Zostera marina L. from the Fleet, a tidal lagoon in southern England, were investigated in the laboratory. The fate of seeds under natural conditions was also monitored throughout the year from core samples and from seed samples buried in the sediment layer in nylon sachets. Supported with temperature, salinity and oxygen level measurements at the study site, field data confirmed that following seed dispersal in September/October, the majority of seeds germinated in the Fleet during the winter and early spring. In the laboratory, seeds germinated more rapidly and to a higher final percentage under anaerobic conditions compared to aerobic conditions. Under anaerobic conditions, rapid, near complete germination was possible at full salinity (30 g l-1) or when the salinity was reduced by 50%(15 g l-1). Under aerobic conditions, seeds germinated more rapidly at lower salinity. The effects of temperature were strongly dependent on the presence or absence of oxygen. Under anaerobic conditions, there was a pronounced optimum constant temperature for germination around 6°C, corresponding closely to the average water temperature recorded during the period mid-October to the end of March. On the other hand, under aerobic conditions, very low levels of germination were recorded at low temperatures. These findings support previously published evidence that seeds of Z. marina are well adapted to germinate in anaerobic sediments and that water temperature is the key environmental variable that determines the timing of germination under natural conditions. Previous misuse of dormancy terms to describe seed populations of Z. marina is discussed.
Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): could it survive in New Zealand?

Melon thrips (Thrips palmi Karny) is one of several Risk Group 2 pests on New Zealand MAF Biosecurity Authority’s list of unwanted pests. Its wide host plant range, and its presence world-wide, including several countries in the Pacific region, underpin its biosecurity status. In this case study we used CLIMEX, a climate matching software program, to determine likely locations in New Zealand where melon thrips could establish once introduced. Possible establishment was based on climate match with overseas locations where melon thrips is present, and on a range of biological parameters specific to the response of melon thrips to climatic conditions. The upper North Island is predicted to be most suited to melon thrips establishment. This also matches the known New Zealand distribution of Hercinothrips bicinctus, banana thrips, a species found worldwide in locations similar to that of melon thrips .
GAIN SCHEDULING CONTROLLER FOR AIRCRAFT WITH MASS AND INERTIA VARIATION

GAIN SCHEDULING CONTROLLER FOR AIRCRAFT WITH MASS AND INERTIA VARIATION EunYoung Kim, Ph.D. The University of Texas at Arlington, 2017 Supervising Professor: Atilla Dogan Robustness is one of the main control design requirements for aircraft control. Robustness is sought in the stability and performance of closed loop system against various factors such as disturbance, measurement error, modeling error or un-modeled dynamics. In aircraft control design, it is common to assume that the mass and inertia properties of aircraft are constant. Further, aircraft is assumed to have symmetry in its mass distribution relative to its mid-vertical plane. There are, however, cases where the aircraft mass changes rapidly, most notably in aerial refueling operation. The mass change also results in changes in the inertia matrix. An aircraft may also lose its mass symmetry in the case of, for example, asymmetric fuel loading or internal fuel transfer between fuel tanks. If a control design is carried out based on a specific mass and inertia configuration, the stability and performance of the closed loop system may degrade when the aircraft flies with a different configuration. This research effort focuses on addressing this issue in aerial refueling and formation flight by employing gain scheduling based on the aircraft mass and inertia configuration. The fuel mass in each fuel tank is considered as gain scheduling variables in addition
Contributions of the complex phenomena conception to the teaching of team sports.

For long years the Collective Sports (CS) are considered and analyzed according to the parties that compose them. This reductionist thinking, characterized by the linear relationship between the stimulus and its response, has been undergoing a significant paradigm shift, especially when they are the CS at the center of the analysis. The objective of this research is to present the relations and contributions between the paradigm shift, which is now considered the complexity of the systems and methodologies for the CS teaching, considering some properties of these, like the randomness, the non-linearity and unpredictability.
Books Are Forever: Early Life Conditions, Education and Lifetime

We estimate the effect of education on lifetime earnings by distinguishing between individuals who lived in rural or urban areas during childhood and between individuals with access to many or few books at home at age ten. We instrument years of education using compulsory school reforms and find that, whereas individuals in rural areas were most affected by the reforms, those with many books enjoyed substantially higher returns to their additional education. We argue that the long-lasting beneficial effects of having books are due to the cultural environment in the household and the development of cognitive skills rather than to short-term liquidity constraints.
Texture Statistics: The Mechanism Behind Ensemble Perception in Human Vision

How do ensemble representations subvert wellestablished perceptual capacity limits, such as attention and visual working memory? Here we ask if an offthe-shelf texture statistics representation can explain ensemble judgments, without explicitly representing and measuring objects. We found that an ideal observer using only texture statistics was able to perform an ensemble mean size comparison task as well as humans, and further, that this model replicated previously unexplained human perceptual biases. This means that the virtues of ensemble representations could actually be due to the compressive power of texture statistics. We thus present the first generalizable computational account of ensemble perception, while also explaining a long-standing mystery about limitations on human performance in ensemble tasks.
Cloning of a Resistance Gene Analog from Wheat and Development of a Codominant PCR Marker for Pm21

To investigate the mechanism of resistance to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) powdery mildew, suppression subtractive hybridization was conducted between an isogenic resistant line carrying Pm21 and its recurrent parent Yangmai 5 to isolate the resistance relative genes. A cDNA fragment specifically expressed in the resistant line was obtained and its full length was cloned by in silico cloning and RT-PCR. This gene encoded a deduced protein of 219 amino acids with a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motif, often found in plant resistance genes, and was designated as Ta-LRR2. Ta-LRR2 had an increased expression level in the resistant line after inoculation with Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. tritici Marchal. PCR analysis with different cytogenetic stocks suggested that Ta-LRR2 was specifically associated with chromosome arms 6VS and 6AS. Linkage analysis further showed that Ta-LRR2 could be used as a resistance gene analog polymorphism marker of Pm21 for marker-assisted selection in germplasm enhancement and breeding practice. Moreover, how to isolate Pm21 based on the information obtained for Ta-LRR2 is discussed. (Managing editor: Li-Hui Zhao)
The use of blunt-tipped cannulas for tear trough correction.

Abstract A patient presents with skin atrophy and negative vector. The patient's tear troughs and mediojugal grooves were injected with a middle cohesivity hyaluronic acid (HA) filler. Deep implantation of a middle cohesivity HA product minimizes the risk of contour irregularities, and the supraperiosteal plane of the tear trough and eyebrow is anatomically safe for filler implantation. A HA product is preferable for these anatomically unforgiving areas as it can be removed or adjusted if needed by injection of hyaluronidase. J Drugs Dermatol. 2012;11(suppl 3): s38-40.
Factores de riesgo ambientales y componentes del síndrome metabólico en adolescentes con exceso de peso

Introduccion. Factores de riesgo ambientales, como el consumo de alimentos y la actividad fisica, son determinantes en la etiologia del sindrome metabolico y sus componentes en jovenes con exceso de peso. Objetivo. Explorar la asociacion entre factores de riesgo ambientales y presencia de componentes del sindrome metabolico en jovenes entre 10 y 18 anos, con exceso de peso en Medellin. Materiales y metodos. Se llevo a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. En la poblacion de estudio se evaluaron la composicion corporal por antropometria, la presion arterial, el perfil lipidico, la glucemia, la insulinemia, la ingestion de alimentos y la actividad fisica. Resultados. La prevalencia de los componentes del sindrome metabolico fue de 40,9 % para hipertrigliceridemia; 20,9 % para hipertension; 15,6 % para c-HDL bajas; 4,0 % para circunferencia de cintura alta, y 0,9 % para la hiperglucemia; la prevalencia de sindrome metabolico fue de 3,1 %. Se encontro diferencia estadistica (p 0,05). En el modelo de regresion logistica se encontro una mayor probabilidad de tener, al menos, un componente si el joven era de sexo masculino (p=0,022), tenia un mayor indice de masa corporal (IMC) (p=0,019) y si se ubicaba en el cuarto cuartil de consumo de carbohidratos simples (p=0,036). Conclusiones. Los factores de riesgo ambientales asociados con los componentes del sindrome metabolico en este estudio fueron el mayor consumo de calorias, carbohidratos complejos y simples, todos relacionados directamente con el IMC; por el contrario, el nivel de actividad fisica, los antecedentes familiares y los personales no mostraron ninguna asociacion. El sindrome metabolico solo se presento en jovenes con obesidad. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7705/biomedica.v32i1. 595
Effects of Cage Location and Tier Level with Respect to Light Intensity in Semiconfined Housing on Egg Production and Quality During the Late Laying Period

Abstract This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of cage location and tier level with respect to light intensity on egg production and egg quality of hens housed in a semiconfined facility. Hens (ISA Brown, n = 225) at 75 wk of age were placed into 3-tier cages as top (T), middle (M), and bottom (B) tiers located in cages illuminated artificially (EI), by window (FW), or between corridors (C) for 2 mo. Light intensity was measured monthly for each cage at 5 cm from feeders every 6 h. Egg production was recorded daily and egg quality was assessed biweekly. Light intensity was the greatest for cages in the FW group (151.9, 119.8, and 89.8 lx for tiers T, M, and B, respectively), followed by EI (52.6, 54.5, and 51.0 lx for tiers T, M, and B, respectively), and C (44.5, 23.4, and 4.7 lx for tiers T, M, and B, respectively). Hens at location EI had greater egg production than hens at FW and C. Egg production for hens at tier T was also greater than for hens at tiers M and B. Egg production for hens at EI and C decreased quadratically, whereas that for hens at FW decreased linearly from tiers T to B. Cage location, but not tier level, affected egg weight. Hens at EI and FW produced heavier eggs than hens at C. Shape index, yolk color, and yolk index were independent of cage location and tier level. Hens at EI and FW produced eggs with thinner and weaker shells than hens at C. Moreover, eggshell strength increased linearly from tier T to B. Both albumen index and Haugh unit were the greatest for hens at FW, followed by EI and C. Their responses to cage location varied with tier levels. In conclusion, variation in light intensity in multitier cage systems in semiconfined laying hen houses may be a contributing factor for depressed laying performance and egg quality.
Terra Sirenum: Window into Pre-Tharsis and Tharsis Phases of Mars Evolution

Robert. C. Anderson, James M. Dohm, S. Robbins, B. Hynek, Jeffrey Andrews-Hanna, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, University of Arizona (jmd@hwr.arizona.edu), Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, Tucson, Arizona, USA, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado USA, Colorado School of Mines, Department of Geophysics, Goden, Colorado USA
Ecological services performed by the bonobo (Pan paniscus): seed dispersal effectiveness in tropical forest

Abstract: Survival of Afrotropical primary forests depends not only on habitat protection but also on the protection of animal species such as frugivorous primates, recognized as the most important seed dispersers for many plants. Here we investigate seed-dispersal services by the bonobo (Pan paniscus) in an evergreen lowland tropical rain forest of the Congo Basin. In the long-term research site of LuiKotale, we investigated food habits and seed processing based on 22 mo of behavioural observation, seed trial experiment and long-term daily GPS tracking of a habituated ape community. Bonobos were mainly frugivores (66% of all feeding sessions), spending about 3.5 h d−1 swallowing seeds that were transported for an average of 24 h in the gut. On average, an individual bonobo dispersed 172 kg y−1 of seeds (or 220000 seeds y−1) of more than 91 plant species by endozoochory over an average distance of 1.2 km from the parent tree. Passed seeds germinated more rapidly, more successfully and had greater post-dispersal survival than unpassed seeds. Bonobo-dispersed plants accounted for 40% of tree species and 65% of individual trees in the study site (12 1-ha plots census). Since bonobos show little functional overlap with other frugivores, the loss of their seed-dispersal services is likely to affect forest structure and dynamics. Our results justify description of the threatened bonobo as a gardener of the Congo forest.
Visualisasi Serangan Denial Of Service dengan Clustering Menggunakan K-Means Algorithm

Visualisasi menjadi salah satu solusi dalam menampilkan serangan di network. Dengan memvisulisasikan serangan, akan lebih mudah dalam mengenali dan menyimpulkan pola dari gambar visual yang komplek. Target serangan DoS bisa ditujukan ke berbagai bagian jaringan, bisa ke routing, web, electronic mail atau server DNS (Domain Name System). Tujuan dari serangan DoS membuat server shutdown, reboot, crash atau not responding. Pola serangan DoS pada dataset ISCX membentuk sebuah pola dimana banyak nya IP host yang hanya meng-exploit ke satu server. Snort mendeteksi adanya serangan DoS pada dataset ISCX testbed 14 juni sebanyak 42 alert HttpDoS attack. Persentasi akurasi dari program clustering menggunakan algoritma k-means sebesar 97,83%, untuk detection rate nya sebesar 98,63%, dan false alarm dari program sebesar 0,02%. Sedangkan, nilai persentase akurasi dari clustering menggunakan algoritma k-means dengan tool WEKA sebesar 99,69%, detection rate 99,01% dan false alarm sebesar 3,70%.
β -Adrenergic Stimulation of Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts Promotes Protein Synthesis via the Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

beta -adrenergic agonists stimulate neonatal rat cardiac fibroblast growth, albeit the identity of the signaling event(s) remains equivocal. Isoproterenol (ISO) treatment increased intracellular cyclic AMP levels; however, cyclic AMP-elevating agents had no effect on protein synthesis. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin A25, and the inhibition of ras processing by the farnesyltransferase inhibitor BMS-191563 attenuated ISO-stimulated protein synthesis. Concomitant with increased protein synthesis, ISO stimulated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) activity. The MEK1/2 inhibitor PD098059 abrogated ISO-stimulated ERK activity, albeit the increase in protein synthesis was unaffected. By contrast, LY294002 inhibited both ISO-stimulated PI3-K activity, and protein synthesis. ISO treatment did not increase the expression of transforming growth factor-beta(1)(TGF-beta(1)) mRNA, whereas a significant decrease in the steady-state mRNA level of TGF- beta(3)was observed. This latter effect was mimicked by cyclic AMP-elevating agents. Angiotensin II (AII) activation of the AT(1)receptor increased protein synthesis, but in contrast to ISO, the growth response was not inhibited by either tyrphostin A25 or BMS-191563, and was associated with the concomitant expression of both TGF-beta(1)and TGF-beta(3)mRNAs. Analogous to ISO, AII treatment increased ERK and PI3-K activity, and PI3-K was required for protein synthesis. These findings are the first to highlight the activation of PI3-K by a Gs(alpha)-coupled receptor, and its essential role in beta -adrenergic as well as AT(1)receptor-mediated protein synthesis in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts. However, despite the conserved role of PI3-K, additional disparate signaling pathways are recruited by ISO and AII, which may differentially influence fibroblast phenotype.