Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gluten related disorders: even a dermatological issue

“Gluten-related disorders” (GRD) is a term that includes different diseases triggered by the ingestion of glutencontaining food. Because of their high incidence, also linked to the wide consumption of these foods in the world, the scientific community has been intensively studying them (1). In spite of the importance of wheat in the human diet throughout history, the interaction between its components (gliadin, gluten, amylase trypsin inhibitor, etc.) and the human body triggers an increasing variety of symptoms, syndromes, allergic reactions, autoimmune diseases (2). The first description of a patient affected by a disorder related to gluten ingestion (celiac disease, CD) has been ascribed to Areteus of Cappadocia, who in the 2nd century AD reported a case of chronic diarrhea and malabsorption (3). This scenario appears in contrast with the wide diffusion of the genetic background susceptible to immune reactions against gluten, the HLA DQ2 and/or DQ8 haplotypes, which are essential for the development of CD (4). The continuous worldwide diffusion of diseases and syndromes recognizing gluten or other wheat components as the dominant environmental factors, has induced the scientific community to study the mechanisms underpinning the intestinal and systemic damage following their ingestion and to group them into the umbrella definition GRD (5, 6). GRD are divided on the basis of their pathogenic mechanism: autoimmune, CD (7); allergic, wheat allergy (WA, IgE or non-IgE mediated) and unknown as in the case of non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) (6). Taken together, these disorders can affect at least 3% of the population and probably an even greater proportion of the patients attending gastroenterological outpatient services (2, 8). For these reasons the Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Endoscopists (AIGO) considered it important and necessary to develop a position statement on the nomenclature and diagnosis of GRD in adults, to clarify the clinical issues that gastroenterologists and endoscopists usually face with during their clinical practice (1).
A study on the clinical manifestations and the incidence of benign and malignant tumors in a solitary thyroid nodule

Tumors are either benign or malignant. The thyroid nodule, which is usually a clinical manifestation of most of the thyroid disorders, is one among them which has been the subject of controversies with divergent opinions and views. Clinical presentation of thyroid nodules varies widely ranging from solitary nodules to benign and malignant tumors. Thyroid nodules accounts up to 8% of the adult population having palpable nodules. However studies on its incidence in the population residing near seacoast are limited. Hence, the present study is carried in an aim to evaluate the clinico-pathological correlation of solitary thyroid nodule and the incidence of malignancy in the population residing at sea coast. The study is conducted in the Narayana Medical College & Hospital (NMCH), which is situated within 10-15 km radius of the seacoast in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh, India. In this study, 73 subjects were selected who presented with thyroid swelling which was clinically confirmed as solitary thyroid nodule. Out of 73 cases, 12 cases (16.5%) were found to have malignant lesions with remaining 61 cases (83.5%) being benign lesions. The incidence of malignancy among solitary thyroid nodule subjects is up to 16.5% in the population residing near seacoast. Thus the present study warrants people to consult surgeons for early diagnosis and adequate treatment without being passive as most of these swellings are asymptomatic for long duration.
Carbon Labelling and Low Income Country Exports: An Issues Paper

In response to growing concerns over climate change, consumers and firms in developed countries are considering their carbon footprint. Carbon labelling is being explored as a mechanism for greenhouse gas emission reduction primarily by private actors. This paper discusses the carbon accounting activities and carbon labelling schemes that are being developed to address these concerns with a view to their impact on small stakeholders, especially low income countries. This discussion centres on transportation, and the common presumption that products produced locally in the country of consumption will have an advantage in terms of carbon emissions, and on size. Exports from low income countries typically depend on long distance transportation and are produced by relatively small firms and tiny farms who will find it difficult to participate in complex carbon labelling schemes. However, the popular belief that trade by definition is problematic since it necessitates transportation, which is a major source of emissions, is generally not true. The scientific evidence shows that carbon efficiencies elsewhere in the supply chain may more than offset the emissions associated with transportation. Indeed, the effective inclusion of low income countries in labelling schemes may offer important opportunities for carbon emission reductions due to their favourable climactic conditions and their current use of low energy intensive production techniques. The disadvantages of small size can be reduced by carbon labelling schemes that use innovative solutions to low cost data collection and certification.
Quantum Radiation Properties of Dirac Particles in General Nonstationary Black Holes

Quantum radiation properties of Dirac particles in general nonstationary black holes in the general case are investigated by both using the method of generalized tortoise coordinate transformation and considering simultaneously the asymptotic behaviors of the first-order and second-order forms of Dirac equation near the event horizon. It is generally shown that the temperature and the shape of the event horizon of this kind of black holes depend on both the time and different angles. Further, we give a general expression of the new extra coupling effect in thermal radiation spectrum of Dirac particles which is absent from the thermal radiation spectrum of scalar particles. Also, we reveal a relationship that is ignored before between thermal radiation and nonthermal radiation in the case of scalar particles, which is that the chemical potential in thermal radiation spectrum is equal to the highest energy of the negative energy state of scalar particles in nonthermal radiation for general nonstationary black holes.
Endogenous Growth and Structural Change in a Dynamic Input-Output Model

This paper introduces a simple dynamic input-output model, in which some of the most important properties of recent endogenous growth theory are included: innovation, knowledge spillovers, constant returns to scale at the macro level, and full employment. The wish to keep the hybrid model as tractable as possible (despite the industry detail) caused some substantial simplifications: contrary to most endogenous growth models, the model lacks an explicit microeconomic foundation and disregards any opportunity for instantaneous substitution. After the constituent equations are presented, the long-run behavior of the model is studied by a number of computer simulations for a hypothetical economy. The paper concludes with some illustrations of the potential practical power of future interindustry endogenous growth models in integrating issues like technology, investment, trade and education.
STUDY OF HYBRID X PINCHES IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS

A standard X-pinch consists of two or more fine wires that cross at a single point as the load of a pulsed power generator. To simplify the X-pinch load, a hybrid configuration consisting of solid conical electrodes connected by a wire, has been suggested and tested on four generators ranging in current from 200 kA to 1 MA and risetimes varying from 45 to 170 ns. The experiments have shown that for each generator, a wire material, diameter and length can be found for which the X-pinches generate a single intense burst of soft x-rays and develop a single hot spot. Also they generated less hard x-ray intensity than that measured in comparable standard X-pinches. PACS: 52.38Ph, 52.58Lq, 52.59Px, 52.70La
Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Mitigation Methods in Electrical Power Sector of Dire Dawa City from 2015 to 2025

This manuscript reviews and compares the results of recent greenhouse gas (GHG) emission life-cycle analyses. Specific attention is paid to fossil energy technologies and renewable energy technologies (RETs). It is therefore desirable for GHG emissions under national, regional and international mitigation policies to be accounted for over its entire life-cycle. The results presented here indicate that the most significant GHG avoidance (in absolute terms) can be made from technology substitution. The introduction of advanced fossil fuel technologies can also lead to improvements in life-cycle GHG emissions. Overall, hydro, nuclear, solar and wind energy technologies can produce electricity with the least life-cycle global warming impact. The advantage of using renewable resources for energy production from conventional resources scarcity and power system reliability point of view is too much. Using renewable resources specially wind and solar are becoming common in developing countries for electrifying the remote and rural areas where grid electrification is economically infeasible. This research work shows an investigation that uses a combination of solar and wind energy as hybrid system (HPS) for electrical generation in Dire Dawa. The generated electricity has been utilized for different purposes. The system has also integrated a diesel generator to be more reliable. This system is not linked with conventional energy. The total energy consumption of each household is 29.44 kWh/day. Measurements included the solar radiation intensity, the ambient temperature and the wind speed was collected from national meteorology agency which was collected for 15 years. To simulate the hybrid power system (HPS) HOMER was used. Emissions and renewable energy generation fraction (RF) of total energy consumption are calculated as the main environmental indicator. The net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE) are calculated for economic evaluation. It is found that, for Dire Dawa climates, the optimum results of HPS show a 93.73% reduction of emissions with 99% of renewable energy fraction.
Automatic identification of inertial sensors on the human body segments

In the last few years, inertial sensors (accelerometers and gyroscopes) in combination with magnetic sensors was proven to be a suitable ambulatory alternative to traditional human motion tracking systems based on optical position measurements. While accurate full 6 degrees of freedom information is available [1], these inertial sensor systems still have some drawbacks, e.g. each sensor has to be attached to a certain predefined body segment. The goal of this project is to develop a ‘Click-On-and-Play’ ambulatory 3D human motion capture system, i.e. a set of (wireless) inertial sensors which can be placed on the human body at arbitrary positions, because they will be identified and localized automatically.
Uso de bagazo de la industria mezcalera como materia prima para generar energía

espanolEn la industria mezcalera, la planta xerofita, agave, es usada para producir mezcal, lo que produce un residuo denominado bagazo, el cual puede ser aprovechado como combustible de manera directa o en forma de carbon. Los resultados de DSC muestran los valores de calor de combustion del bagazo pirolizado (19.36 MJ/kg), bagazo (9.55 MJ/kg) y la fibra cruda (8.4 MJ/kg), demostrando con esto el potencial como fuente de energia renovable. Con estos resultados preliminares se demuestra que es posible utilizar los desechos generados en la produccion de bebidas alcoholicas derivadas de plantas como el agave, las cuales pueden crecer en regiones aridas. EnglishIn the mezcal industry, the xerophyte plant, agave, is used to produce mezcal (an alcoholic beverage), which produces a byproduct called bagasse. DSC results revealed differences in the heat of combustion values, where pyrolyzed bagasse (19.36 MJ/kg) had a value higher than bagasse (9.55 MJ/kg) or the raw material (8.4 MJ/kg), which proves the potential of the bagasse as a renewable source of energy. With these preliminary results it is shown that it is possible to use the byproducts generated in the alcoholic beverage production made from agave plants, which can grow in arid lands.
Pollen Limitation in Hyacinthoides non-scripta : Impacts upon Fruit and Seed Development , plus Seed Maturation Pattern

Resource limitation, pollen quality (involving selfor outcross-pollen) and pollen quantity limitations are known to affect seed development by increasing ovule abortion and reducing ovule fertilisation. It is therefore important to fully understand pollen and resource limitations as they have a significant effect upon plant fitness. H. non-scripta has linearly arranged ovules, and produces a general non-random seed maturation pattern, with increased seed development at the stylar end and increased seed abortion and unfertilised ovules at the basal end of the fruit. Although this pattern has been observed in many species, exploration of how resources and pollen quality and quantity influence the non-random seed maturation pattern has not before been performed. In this thesis I investigate the effects of additional resources and a range of pollen qualities and quantities upon fruit development, seed development and the seed maturation pattern. A stochastic simulation model is used to assess how resources and pollen may impact seed development in H. non-scripta. Simulations reveal increasing resources and pollen quality and quantity should increase fruit set, and seed development. Resource manipulations in the field had little effect on fruit set or seed development, although field pollen manipulations produced similar results to those expected. Seed expansion increased with pollen quantity and quality. It is found that the non-random seed maturation pattern may be partly due to resources allocated to ovules fertilised first, but fewer resources may be allocated to the most stylar ovules in the fruit. Additionally, the non-random seed maturation pattern is stronger under mixed pollen qualities. Furthermore, open pollination appears to be composed of large quantities of a balanced mixture of outcrossand selfpollen. Together, the findings suggest resources and pollen are very important factors influencing the fruit development, seed development, and the non-random seed maturation pattern in H. non-scripta, and should be studied in conjunction. [302 words] Statement of Copyright The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without the author's prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged.
An Examination of Visitors’ Interest in Tourist Cards and Cultural Routes in the Case of a Romanian Destination

Although tourist cards and cultural routes have been interesting innovations when they were launched on the international tourism market, they are rarely implemented in Romanian tourism destinations, especially in an integrated manner. This paper presents a theoretical model regarding the integration of tourist cards in cultural routes, based on the assumption that tourists who are interested in both products have similar demographic and travel characteristics. The research results outline only the infl uence of tourists’ travel characteristics on their interest to buy cultural routes and tourist cards. Leisure travelers should be the main targeted segment, as their probability to buy such products is higher than in the case of business or VFR (visit friends and relatives) tourists. These results can assist the Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) regarding the choice of marketing strategies aimed at integrating cultural routes in a tourist card.
A FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR IN THE BALLOON ANALOGUE TASK

In the balloon analogue task, a continuous schedule of positive reinforcement and a random ratio schedule of punishment for “pump” responses operate simultaneously, along with the opportunity to terminate each trial and avoid an impending punishing stimulus. In this study, the functional properties of game points and point losses were analyzed in three groups of college students (N=92) by varying the density of balloon explosions throughout the 30-balloon session. The within-session changes in density of explosions produced immediate systematic adjustments in pump responses per balloon. The results showed that 1) the number of pumps per balloon is sensitive to the local probability of explosions; 2) the suppression brought on by explosions depends on the temporal distance to the last explosion and the number of consecutive explosions; 3) suppression appears to be non-linear, with stronger effects as the local probability of explosions increases; and, 4) within limits, points without assigned extrinsic value may serve as reinforcers in the balloon analogue environment for populations with a history of game playing. Given these findings, a valuable strategy for future research may be to study differential reactivity to wins and losses as a proximal determinant of total scores that is amenable to experimental analysis.
TANOS Charge-Trapping Flash Memory Structures

This work endeavored to optimize and integrate a process for depositing and patterning the gate film stack of TaN, Al2O3, Si3N4, SiO2, Si (TANOS) charge-trapping flash (CTF) memory with an existing complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor process flow. Fabricated capacitance-voltage devices with T-A-N-O thicknesses of 2500Å, 110Å, 75Å, and 30Å respectively show characteristic charge-trapping in subsequent program/erase (P/E) cycles (likely modified Fowler-Nordheim tunneling) with a maximum possible program threshold voltage of 2.7V for 5sec 28V program and minimum erased threshold voltage of -2.5V for 5sec 15V erase, w/ total P/E threshold voltage swing 5.2V. Device wafers are currently at step 22 of 67 and will be continued in the future, eventually demonstrating hot carrier injection P/E schemes.
A Proposal Research Framework of Competitive Advantage for Vocational Colleges in Undeveloped Areas of China

Competitive advantage is one of the most important and valuable advantage that ensure an organization to achieve success, and to keep a long-term prosperity. Competitive advantage plays a vital role for an organization within the market competition as it is resulting from an interaction of the crucial resources and dynamic capabilities. This paper aims to present a new perspective of researching competitive advantage via specific knowledge-based resources for vocational colleges in undeveloped areas of China. The new perspective research framework integrated three traditional theories in terms of knowledge-based view, Porters’ generic competitive advantage, and dynamic capability view, and qualitative findings of perceptions from 10 experts in vocational education or strategic management field. Eventually the paper reoriented the components of tangible and intangible resources, dynamic capabilities, also sheds light on how these independent variables effect on competitive advantage of vocational colleges in undeveloped areas of China. Accordingly, the results support a proposal empirical structured model of competitive advantage that would contribute for managers of vocational college or further empirical study.
Development of Graphene Oxide-Polyaniline Nanocomposite Based Amperometric Glucose Biosensor

In this study, Pt electrode was modified with graphene oxide-polyaniline (GO-PANI) nanocomposite and used in the fabrication of amperometric glucose biosensor. Glucose oxidase (GOD) was immobilized on the modified Pt electrode by using a cross-linking agent. The proposed Pt/GO-PANI/GOD biosensor exhibited a sensitivity value of 36.11 μA mM cm with a linear range of 0.59-9.15 mM and the detection limit of 0.24 mM under optimum conditions. The interference effects of ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) on the developed glucose biosensor were studied, and it was observed that the biosensor was highly selective to glucose.
Design and Analysis of Modified Fast Compressors for MAC Unit

— Multiplication and addition are the basic arithmetic operations which are important in several microprocessors and digital signal processing (DSP) applications. As the demand for high speed multipliers is continuously increasing, the studies related to the field of multipliers and adders are endless and still significant. Compressors can be used with the aim of reducing the power dissipation of multipliers without compromising their speed performance in which only multiplexer and basic gates are used. In this work, different topologies of 4:2 and 5:2 compressors are compared in terms of power delay product and number of transistors. Compressor topologies are simulated in 90nm Technology using Cadence Virtuoso schematic editor at 700mV power supply. The improved design can be used in multipliers with minimum delay than conventional ones which can be used in MAC units applied for DSP applications.
Betalaínas: das Cores das Beterrabas à Fluorescência das Flores

A diversidade de cores encontradas na flora resulta da interacao de algumas poucas classes de pigmentos com a luz. Betalainas sao pigmentos vacuolares e atoxicos que substituem as antocianinas em algumas familias de angiospermas e alguns fungos basidiomicetos. Existem duas classes de betalainas: as betaxantinas amarelas e as betacianinas vermelhas, ambas biossintetizadas a partir de um aldeido fluorescente derivado da L-tirosina chamado de acido betalâmico. Betalainas sao encontradas, por exemplo, em beterrabas, pitaias, no agario das moscas, na primavera e no amaranto. Alem disso, as petalas das variedades amarelas de maravilha e da onze-horas sao pigmentadas por betaxantinas fluorescentes. Nesta revisao sao discutidos os principais aspectos da ocorrencia e propriedades quimicas e fotofisicas de betalainas, bem como algumas de suas aplicacoes tecnologicas. DOI: 10.5935/1984-6835.20150015
Choice, performance and heritability of performance of specialist and generalist insect herbivores towards cacalol and seneciphylline, two allelochemicals of Adenostyles alpina (Asteraceae)

We compared the effects of a sesquiterpene (ST, cacalol) and a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA, seneciphylline), both occurring in Adenostyles alliariae, on food choice and performance of specialist and generalist insect herbivores which are all known to feed or live on A. alliariae. In choice experiments we investigated whether the compounds were preferred, deterrent or had no effect. All specialist species Aglaostigma discolor (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), Oreina cacaliae (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) and O. speciosissima avoided feeding when confronted with the combination of compounds. Only larvae of A. discolor avoided the single ST treatment as well. Larvae of the generalist species Callimorpha dominula (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae), Cylindrotoma distinctissima (Diptera, Tipulidae) and Miramella alpina (Caelifera, Acrididae) generally avoided feeding from PA, ST and PAST treatments. The only exception were caterpillars of C. dominula which were indiscriminate towards PA when naive, and preferred to feed on the PA treatment when they had experienced the compound before.