Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MORPHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF FENOFIBRATE AND SAXAGLIPTIN ON KIDNEY OF DIABETIC RATS

Objective: Diabetes mellitus associated structural alterations are considered as early adaptive shifts and are associated with progression of nephropathy. Structural changes may already be present once functional markers such as microalbuminuria occur. The correlation between structural and functional consequences coerce for more insightful on structural marker for evaluating any pharmacological agent for its renoprotective potential. Thereby, the present study has been designed to investigate the effect of combination of PPAR agonist (fenofibrate) and DPP-4 inhibitor (saxagliptin) on detailed pathological changes for their direct renoprotective effect in the kidney of diabetic rats. Methods: After 8 weeks of streptozotocin administration the kidneys were excised and sections of 3-5 μm in thickness were made and stained with HE tubular injury and glomerular basement membrane thickening using light microscopy. In addition, kidney/body weight ratio was assessed. Results: The increased kidney/body weight ratio, glomerular basement membrane thickening, tubular injury, mesangial matrix expansion, interstitial inflammation and tubular atrophy were observed in the kidney of diabetic rats after 7 weeks as compared to normal rats. Concurrent administration of fenofibrate (30 mg/kg p.o., 7 weeks) and saxagliptin (3 mg/kg p.o., 7 weeks) markedly prevent the interstitial inflammation and tubular atrophy in the diabetic kidney as compared to treatments with lisinopril (1 mg/kg, p.o., 7 weeks) in diabetic rats. Conclusion: The present study provides the evidence for direct nephroprotective effect of combination of fenofibrate and saxagliptin. However, long-term clinical studies demonstrating their rationale in preventing diabetic nephropathy are mandatory.
A comparative evaluation for adsorption of dye on Neem bark and Mango bark powder

The use of low cost adsorbent has been investigated as a replacement for the current expensive methods of removing dyes from wastewater. As such, Neem bark and Mango bark generated as a wood waste is collected and converted into a powder form and then used as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from wastewater. Adsorption studies are carried out at different temperatures, pH, initial dye concentrations and adsorbent doses. The adsorption of malachite green (dye) is found to increase with increase in temperature. The linear form of Langmuir and Freundlich models fitted the adsorption data. The results indicated that Langmuir adsorption isotherm fitted the data better than Freundlich isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters such as the free energies, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption of the dye-Mango bark, Neem bark powder systems are also evaluated. The negative values of free energy indicated the feasibility and spontaneous nature of the process, and the positive heats of enthalpy suggest the endothermic nature of the process. The adsorption of Malachite green follow the second-order kinetics in both the adsorbents.
Conduct Problems and Controls Social Information Processing of Positive and Negative Hypothetical Events in Children With ADHD and

Objective: This study examined social information processing (SIP) of events with varied outcomes in children with ADHD and conduct problems (CPs; defined as oppositional defiant disorder [ODD] or conduct disorder [CD]) and controls. Method: Participants were 64 children (46 boys, 18 girls) aged 6 to 12, including 39 with ADHD and 25 controls. Vignettes were developed that systematically varied with regard to peer intention (ambiguous, negative, positive) and event outcome (ambiguous, negative, positive), and were used to evaluate participants’ SIP abilities (cue encoding, interpretation, and response generation). Results: Results showed that, after controlling for CPs, children with ADHD detected fewer positive, negative, and neutral cues; attributed more negative and less positive intent to peers; focused less on situational outcomes of vignettes; and generated fewer positive responses compared with the control group. Conclusion: These results indicate that children with ADHD differ from non-ADHD children, even after controlling for CPs, in how they process positive and negative social experiences. (J. of Att. Dis. 2012; 16(6) 491-504)
The Link between Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms and Recurrent Miscarrage

Recurrent miscarriage (RM), defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses before 20 weeks of gestation, affects approximately 1-5% of pregnant women [1]. The etiology of RM is still unclear. Among the large number of miscarriage-related factors, are uterine structural defaults, defective ploidy control of the embryo, defective immunological dialog between the embryo (or the fetus) and the uterus sometimes in relation with immunological disorders (such as autoimmune diseases), thrombophilia, and free radical metabolism imbalance [2]. Numerous studies attempted to correlate variants of genes supposed to be intervening in the different facets of the early maternal–fetal or maternal embryonic dialog, and eventually modify the outcome of fertilization, leading to success or failure of post implantation’ development.
Neural Transplantation for the Treatment of Huntington’s Disease

Neural transplantation studies where foetal striatal tissue is grafted into the striatum of patients with Huntington’s disease have taken place at several sites worldwide in recent years, following success in rodent models of the disease. Studies have for the most part been safe but have had various degrees of effectiveness. This article looks at the successes and failures of these studies and considers what has been learnt in terms of safety, techniques and methodology. While knowledge of the optimal protocol is advancing, there are still many aspects that need refining, such as immunosuppression and grafting technique. Although advances in this field are hampered by the need for more complete knowledge of the disease itself, the future of neural transplantation has a great deal of potential.
Electromagnetic Bloch-like oscillations in one-dimensional quasicrystal consisting of negative permeability metamaterial

Electromagnetic oscillations have been investigated in one-dimensional quasicrystal constructed by dielectric and negative permeability multilayers. Bloch-like oscillations are found in either double-period or Fibonacci quasiperiodic structure, even when no thickness gradient is introduced in the dielectric layer. The average temporal periodicity of the oscillation can be predicted by frequency spectrum with either a Wannier-Stark ladder profile or with a particular profile. Various characteristics are studied, such as electric field pattern of the scattering states and transmission behaviors in both frequency and temporal domain.
Population synthesis in astrophysics

Population synthesis is a method for numerical simulation of the population of objects with a complex evolution. This method is widely used in astrophysics. We consider its main applications to studying astronomical objects. Examples of modeling evolution are given for populations of close binaries and isolated neutron stars. The application of the method to studying active galactic nuclei and the integral spectral characteristics of galaxies is briefly discussed. An extensive bibliography on all the topics covered is provided.
What about trust in the Question Answering world ?

Objectives: Current search engines are based on keyword queries, which are not natural for the user Further, the user often has to dig within each page to find the answer. It is also difficult for the common user to judge the quality of a document retrieved on the Internet? This paper presents a solution using an existing question answering system and investigates whether the quality of the answers extracted depends on the quality of the health web pages analysed. Design: This paper presents two separate evaluations of the QA system developed by HON. The first evaluation is systematic and validates the effectiveness of our system. The second focuses on the use of QA for site selection of quality health care, (those with HONcode) or any site on the Web. Measurements: Results are merged and classify by a medical expert (in A =relevant, B = lead to an answer, C = not relevant). We use Trec eval for the evaluation of our system. Results: Systematic evaluation: For a set of 100 questions, 70 are well answered. Qualitative evaluation: For a set of 100 questions, we obtain a MAP of 59% and a MRR of 76% for
The role of temperature and desiccation stress in limiting the local‐scale distribution of the owl limpet, Lottia gigantea

Summary 1. Small-scale distributions of rocky intertidal organisms may be determined in part by temperature and desiccation stress during low tide and the ability of organisms to resist such stresses. Biophysical modelling techniques, coupled with data on the physiological tolerance of organisms can be used to predict the frequency and severity of abiotic stress events. 2. The limpet Lottia gigantea is a major competitor for primary space on rocky shores along the west coast of North America. The goal of this study was to quantify the thermal and desiccation tolerance of this species and to predict the frequency of stressful events at Hopkins Marine Station (HMS) in Pacific Grove, CA, USA. 3. Lottia gigantea were exposed to thermal stress regimes in the laboratory using protocols designed to mimic prolonged exposures in the field. The production of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) was measured as an indicator of sub-lethal stress, and mortality rates were measured. 4. Peak expression of Hsp70 occurred during exposures at 32 ° C, while the lethal limits of the limpets ranged between 30 and 42 ° C, depending on the exposure regime. Lethal temperatures were approximately 5 ° C lower in 50‐60% relative humidity conditions compared to 100% relative humidity trials. 5. Results from the physiology experiments were compared to field surveys of the upper limits of L. gigantea at HMS and with heat-budget model predictions of limpet body temperatures on a variety of substratum orientations. 6. The highest frequency of sub-lethal and lethal stress events was predicted to occur on highshore westerly and southerly slopes and horizontal surfaces, microhabitats where L. gigantea is comparatively rare at HMS. Predicted stress and mortality events were rare at low-shore sites, vertical surfaces, and sloping rock faces oriented towards the northeast and northwest. 7. The combination of direct measurements of sub-lethal and lethal temperature thresholds using realistic stress exposures and predictions from a heat-budget model give insight into the role of thermal disturbance in affecting the local-scale distributions of intertidal organisms. These methods hold great promise for enhancing our understanding of the role of abiotic factors in limiting species distributions and making predictions about responses to future climatic conditions.
Addendum to the Article ” Assumptions and Guarantees for Compositional Noninterference ” – Proofs of Theorems and Type System for Establishing Locally Sound Use of Modes

In the inductive proof, we prove in addition to the property stated by the theorem (in the proof called “property (1)”) that 〈〈(c′ 1,mds ′ 1), . , (c ′ n,mds ′ n)〉,mem ′〉 ensures a sound use of modes (in the proof called “property (2)”). 1) Assume that n = 0. Then mem = mem ′ and (ci,mdsi) = (c ′ i,mds ′ i) for all i ∈ {1, . , n} hold. Hence, 〈c′ i,mds ′ i,mem ′〉 ∈ lReach(〈ci,mdsi,mem〉) holds for each i ∈ {1, . , n} due to Item (1) in Definition 11, which proves property (1). Property (2) follows as here both global configurations are equal. 2) Assume that n > 0. Then there exists gc′′ = 〈〈(c′′ 1 ,mds ′′ 1), . , (c ′′ n,mds ′′ n)〉,mem ′′〉 such that (a) 〈〈(c1,mds1), . , (cn,mdsn)〉,mem〉 →∗ gc′′ and (b) gc′′ → 〈〈(c′ 1,mds ′ 1), . , (c ′ n,mds ′ n)〉,mem ′〉. Due to (a) we may apply the induction hypothesis to gc′′, obtaining that (c) 〈c′′ i ,mds ′′ i ,mem ′′〉 ∈ lReach(〈ci,mdsi,mem〉) for each i ∈ {1, . , n}, and that (d) gc′′ ensures a sound use of modes. From (b) and (d) it follows that (e) 〈〈(c′ 1,mds ′ 1), . , (c ′ n,mds ′ n)〉,mem ′〉 ensures a globally sound use of modes. From (b) and the definition of the relation →, there exists k ∈ {1, . , n} such that (f) 〈c′′ k ,mds ′′ k ,mem ′′〉_ 〈c′ k,mds k,mem ′〉 and (g) (c′′ i ,mds ′′ i ) = (c ′ i,mds ′ i) for all i ∈ {1, . , n} \ {k}. From (c), (f), and Item (2) in Definition 11 we obtain (h) 〈c′ k,mds ′ k,mem ′〉 ∈ lReach(〈ck,mdsk,mem〉). Let i 6= k and x ∈ asm-nowrite(mds ′′ i ). As by (e) 〈〈(c′ 1,mds ′ 1), . , (c ′ n,mds ′ n)〉,mem ′〉 ensures a globally sound use of modes, we obtain from (a) that (i) guar -nowrite ∈ mds ′′ k(x ). As 〈ck,mdsk,mem〉 ensures a locally sound use of
A Stated Preference Study of the Chesapeake Bay and Watershed Lakes

The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the United States and the third largest in the world. The surrounding Watershed encompasses 64,000 square miles, and is home to about 18 million people. There have been numerous studies measuring the value of different components of the Chesapeake Bay but no study or set of studies provides a comprehensive estimate of the values associated with the improvements likely to result from recently implemented pollution limits. To fill this gap we developed a stated preference (SP) survey that uses a discrete choice experiment response format to examine households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for water quality improvements in the Chesapeake Bay. During extensive focus group testing, care was taken to identify the environmental attributes that are most important to both users and non-users and to quantitatively describe these attributes using understandable and tangible metrics. The survey was mailed to a stratified random sample of households across 17 states in the eastern U.S. and the District of Columbia. This paper reports the results of the empirical analysis, including marginal WTP estimates for each environmental attribute and total WTP for the expected outcome of the pollution reduction program. A comparison of WTP across households suggests that a substantial portion of the benefits can be attributed to nonusers. Results also show that benefits from improving water quality in freshwater lakes in the Watershed are an important ancillary benefit likely to result from reducing pollution in the Bay.
The Quantification of Crystalline Phases in Materials: Applications of Rietveld Method

The materials have their properties defined by the chemical composition and the microstructure presented on them. The quantification of crystalline phases is a key step in determining the structure, properties and applications of a given material. Therefore, the study of the amount of crystalline phases present in a material represents an important parameter to control the microstructure and the correlation of the properties associated with the developed stage in the process. The distribution of phases or microstructure depends on the manufacturing techniques, sintering process, raw materials used, equilibrium reactions, kinetics and phase changes. The characterization of crystalline microstructure, regarding the density, atomic distribution and unit cell dimensions, contributes to the control of the manufacturing process. It is also the basis for phase identification, structure, porosity and evaluating the performance of materials. Within this context, the book's chapter entitled "Quantification of Crystalline Phases in Materials: Applications of the Rietveld Method" aims to present and discuss some topics related to methods for quantification of crystalline phases in materials using the technique of X-ray diffraction, especially in the case of ceramic materials. It will examine various methods of quantification of crystalline phases described in the literature, but the focus will be applications of the Rietveld Method.
Collaborative design of a telerehabilitation system enabling virtual second opinion based on fuzzy logic

Here, the authors present a low cost telerehabilitation system made up of a commercial red–green–blue depth (RGB-D) camera and a web-based platform. The authors goal is to monitor and assess subject movement providing acceptable and usable at-home remote rehabilitation services without the presence of a clinician. Clinical goals, defined by physiotherapists, are firstly translated into motion analysis features. A Takagi Sugeno fuzzy inference system (FIS) is then proposed to evaluate and combine these features into scores. In this stage, the ‘collaborative design’ paradigm is used in depth and complete manner: the contribution of the clinician is not limited only to the rules definition but enters in the core of the evaluation algorithm through the definition of the fuzzy rules. A case study on low back pain rehabilitation involving 40 subjects, 5 exercises, and 4 physiotherapists is then presented to the effectiveness of the proposed system. Results of the validation of the system aimed at the assessment of the reliability of the proposed approach show high correlations between clinician evaluation and FIS scores. In this scenario, due to the high correlation, each FIS could represent a virtual alter-ego of the physiotherapist which enable a real time and free second opinion.
GENOTYPING OF NELLORE BIOPSIED EMBRYOS

Genomic selection of embryos can boost genetic progress of beef cattle breeding programs by allowing the intensity of selection to increase and the generation interval to be reduced. This strategy depends on a protocol for the biopsy of embryos and DNA amplification, ensuring enough DNA for genotyping, without compromising the embryo’s viability. In the present study, the quality of the genotypes of Nellore biopsied embryos was assessed based on genotyping call rate, Mendelian inconsistencies and allele dropouts. The results showed that the genotypes were of a good quality, suggesting feasibility of obtaining genomic prediction of Nellore embryos.
Satisfying due-dates in a job shop with sequence-dependent family set-ups

This paper addresses job shop scheduling with sequence dependent family set-ups. Based on a simple, single-machine dynamic scheduling problem, state dependent scheduling rules for the single machine problem are developed and tested using Markov Decision Processes. Then, a generalized scheduling policy for the job shop problem is established based on a characterization of the optimal policy. The policy is combined with a 'forecasting' mechanism to utilize global shop floor information for local dispatching decisions. Computational results show that performance is significantly better than that of existing alternative policies.
The Price of the Ticket: Rethinking the Experience of Social Mobility

Increasing social mobility is the ‘principal goal’ of the current Coalition Government’s social policy. However, while mainstream political discourse frames mobility as an unequivocally progressive force, there is a striking absence of studies examining the long-term impact of mobility on individuals themselves. In British sociology the most influential research was carried out by Goldthorpe 40 years ago and argued that the mobile were overwhelmingly content with their trajectories. However, using a critique of Goldthorpe as its springboard, this article calls for a new research agenda in mobility studies. In particular, it proposes a large-scale re-examination of the mobility experience – one which addresses the possibility that people make sense of social trajectories not just through ‘objective’ markers of economic or occupational success, but also through symbols and artifacts of class-inflected cultural identity. Such enquiry may yield a richer account that explains both the potential social benefits and the costs of mobility.
Long Non-coding RNAs Expression in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is among common cancers of the urogenital system. Several cancer-related pathways have been shown to be implicated in its pathogenesis. More recently, dysregulation of a group of non-coding RNAs named long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated in many cancer types such as RCC. LncRNAs have been classified to oncogenic and tumor suppressor lncRNAs based on the pattern of expression in RCC samples as well as functional in vitro studies. Expression of several oncogenic lncRNAs such as CCAT2, HOTAIR, UCA1, TUG1 and FTX in RCC samples has been shown to be associated with tumor size and tumor stage. In addition, expression levels of numerous lncRNAs have been demonstrated to be independent prognostic factors in RCC patients. Consequently, lncRNA signature would be applied as diagnostic or prognostic biomarker as well as target for treatment modalities.
An Original Research about: The Associations of Depression and Fatigue with Quality of Life among Palestinian Patients with Cancer

Purpose: To explore the relationships between depression, fatigue and QoL among patients diagnosed with cancer in the West Bank. Method: This was a descriptive, correlational study. 172 patients with lung, breast, colon, prostate and stomach cancer participated in the study. Depression, fatigue and quality of life were assessed for patients who undergoing chemotherapy. All instruments were reliable and valid. Results: The mean score for depression was 22 (SD=8). This indicated that many patients in this study experienced depression. The participants had moderate fatigue 51 (SD=39). The same results were found in quality of life dimensions, as the mean score for functional scales and global health status ranged from 50 to 73 and for symptom scales ranged from 27 to 45. Regarding the correlation, the results showed that there were significant correlation between depression and fatigue and all quality of life dimensions (all p<0.05). Conclusion: Depression and fatigue were significantly correlated with QoL. The impact of depression should be taken into consideration by health care workers when designing or planning interventions to improve QoL for patients with cancer through accurate and early assessment. The moderate fatigue that patients with cancer experienced by the disease or by the treatment should also be taken into account. Each one of the key variables negatively affects QoL in separate. The occurrence of them simultaneously may increase the worse effect on QoL for patients with cancer. Based on that, depression and fatigue should be assessed for each patient with cancer.
A 3‐state defect model for light‐induced degradation in boron‐doped float‐zone silicon

We report on a light‐induced bulk defect activation and subsequent deactivation in boron doped float‐zone silicon that can be described by a 3‐state model. During treatment at elevated temperature and illumination, a sample first converts from an initial high lifetime state into a degraded low lifetime state and then shows a recovery reaction leading to a third high lifetime state that is then stable under degradation conditions. Furthermore, it is shown that reverse reactions into the initial state appear to be possible both from the degraded as well as the regenerated state. An injection dependent analysis of lifetime data yields a defect capture cross section ratio of ∼20 suggesting a positively charged defect. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)