Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study of steganography and steganalysis

A STUDY OF STEGANOGRAPHY AND STEGANALYSIS by Nisant Nalla Steganography is the art of hiding the fact that communication is taking place, by hiding information in other information. Steganalysis is the study of methods to detect the presence of hidden messages. The Steganography and Steganalysis are very much interdependent. The people in the Steganography domain try to develop stronger methods to hide data in different media. This spurs the discovery of new steganalysis methods which can break these Steganography methods. This is vital for the development of these fields. The interne has been growing by leaps and bounds. There is an increasing need for information security. It has been rumoured that some of the anti social organizations have been using Internet to send and receive messages covertly. This is a serious problem before all the law enforcement agencies. This is one reason why steganographic and steganalytic techniques are being studied. The applications for Steganography are not just limited to military purposes. It can be used by businesses to tackle with copyright infringements. This work is a study of the some of the Steganography and Steganalysis techniques which are considered to be the best. In this work experiments were done with Steganography methods F5, Outguess and the Model based methods which are considered the most secure steganographic schemes at present. The Steganalysis methods used here are the NJIT's 39D and 78D methods which are based on statistical moments of characteristic functions of wavelet subbands for the test images and prediction error images. A STUDY OF STEGANOGRAPHY AND STEGANALYSIS
Identificação de Pontos para a Extração de Estradas em Imagens SAR Aerotransportadas: uma Abordagem Baseada em Mapas Auto-Organizáveis

Resumo – A grande vantagem na utilização de imagens de radar (Radio Detection and Ranging) é a possibilidade de levantamento em áreas frequentemente recobertas por nuvens, uma vez que o imageamento por sensores ativos independe das condições atmosféricas presentes na região de interesse. Muitas vezes, o mapeamento a partir dessas imagens é realizado manualmente, exigindo tempo e esforço consideráveis por parte do intérprete. O presente artigo aborda a utilização dos Mapas Auto-Organizáveis (Self-Organizing Maps SOM) como método de identificação de pontos em imagens. Cada ponto identificado representa um elemento pertencente a uma estrada. Com o propósito de qualificar os resultados, estes foram submetidos a uma medida de desempenho especı́fica para a extração de estradas, apresentando como resultado, seus ı́ndices de correção, perfeição e qualidade, sendo o último essencial no desempenho de determinados extratores de estradas em imagens digitais.
"To till or not to till?" Opportunities and constraints to the diffusion of conservation agriculture in Xieng Khouang Province, Lao PDR

the past decade, efforts have been made to promote conservation agriculture as an ecologically- sound alternative to tillage-based agriculture in Lao PDR. This paper assesses some of the outcomes of a 5-year research-development project aimed at developing sustainable no-till cropping and pasture systems, and promoting their adoption by smallholders in Xieng Khouang Province. Based on extensive household surveys in 20 villages, the study highlights some of the key environmental and socio-economic factors influencing the adoption and diffusion of conservation agriculture. It provides a number of policy recommendations aimed at facilitating agricultural innovation and providing greater incentives for farmers to shift towards more sustainable farming practices.
Quality and mineral composition of eggs from hens supplemented with copper-lysine chelate

Abstract. The aim of study was to evaluate the quality of hen eggs influenced by supplementation of copper with lysine chelate (CHL). The material consisted of eggs from two groups of Hy-Line Brown laying hens aged 300 days. Group I, negative control (NC), did not receive any additives. The hens from group II were treated with CHL at a dose of 30 mg Cu L −1 with drinking water. After 4 weeks of supplementation, 60 eggs from each group were randomly collected for quality analysis. The characteristics of the whole egg and its individual elements (shell, yolk, and albumen) were evaluated. The supplementation of CHL increased the egg weight, as well as the weight and height of albumen. There were no changes in the shell strength parameters, and its darker color may increase potential consumer acceptance, but requires confirmation by sensory analysis of the eggs. The copper addition was relatively small, but even this dose caused some changes in egg quality. Little changes in the mineral composition of individual elements of the eggs have been reported. It is therefore very important to continue research to find the smallest effective dose of this micronutrient, to study the duration of time it should be given in order to obtain the best quality of eggs, and to minimize the mineral disorders in organisms.
Controversies Around the Role of Statistical Tests in Experimental Research

Despite widespread use of significance testing in empirical research, its interpretation and researchers' excessive confidence in its results have been criticized for years. In this article, the logic of statistical testing in the Fisher and Neyman-Pearson approaches are described, some common misinterpretations of basic concepts behind statistical tests are reviewed, and the philosophical and psychological issues that can contribute to these misinterpretations are analyzed. Some frequent criticisms against statistical tests are revisited, with the conclusion that most of them refer not to the tests themselves but to the misuse of tests on the part of researchers. In accordance with Levin (1998a), statistical tests should be transformed into a more intelligent process that helps researchers in their work. Possible ways in which statistical education might contribute to the better understanding and application of statistical inference are suggested.
Electron Microscopy of Human Endometrium during Window of Implantation

Background: The implantation rate in assisted reproductive technology (ART) remains 25 to 35 percent inspite of marked improvement in the technology. Endometrium is receptive for the process of implantation of the blastocyst only for a span of 3 to 4 days of window of implantation (WOI). During this WOI, certain morphological changes take place in the luminal endometrium. Present study is an attempt to study these ultra-structural changes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) during hormone replacement cycles (HRT) as the implantation rates are higher in such cycles than in stimulated cycles. Material and Methods: Forty female infertile patients were given the hormone replacement regimen. 6 mg Estradiol valerate was given per day from day 2 of menstrual cycle for 8days. Daily progesterone was supplemented from day 9 by intra muscular route in a dose of 100 mg for 7 days. Sequential endometrial biopsies were performed on 2nd, 5th and 7th day of progesterone. The endometrial (SEM) tissues were subjected for scanning electron microscopy for studying the ultrastructural changes in the luminal endometrium. Results: SEM showed the changes in all the three components of the surface endometrium. The surface epithetlium showed appearance pinopodes all along the surface on 2nd day of progesterone. The pinopodes were found to be fully developed on 5th day and found to be regressed on 7th day of progesterone. The endometrial glands were observed to be maximally developed in number and diameter on 5th day of progesterone. The phenomenon of angiogenesis was also maximally expressed on 5th day of progesterone. Conclusion: Endometrial receptivity is maximally expressed on 5th day of progesterone administration in estrogenic primed patients. Documentation of these changes in one cycle prior to the treatment cycle will help for personalized embryo transfer in oocyte/embryo donation and frozen embryo transfer cycle, to get higher pregnancy rates.
Shock‐melted material in the Krymka LL3.1 chondrite: Behavior of the opaque minerals

Abstract— Six large millimeter‐ to centimeter‐size regions of one specimen of the Krymka LL3.1 ordinary chondrite show evidence of having been completely or nearly completely shock‐melted in situ, a phenomenon rarely observed in primitive chondrites. The shock pressure, nominally in the range of 75–90 GPa, could only have been 30–35 GPa in a porous material like fine‐grained matrix. The melted regions have an igneous texture and their silicates are zoned and unequilibrated. Large metal‐troilite intergrowths formed in these regions. The metal has a nickel content corresponding to martensite and the troilite contains up to 4.2 wt% nickel. Melting must have been very short and cooling very fast (>100 °C/h at high temperature). The metal contains up to 0.7 wt% phosphorus. Abundant chromite crystals and sodium‐iron phosphate glass globules are found in troilite. The differences in composition between the opaque phases found in the melted regions and those generally observed in unmetamorphosed chondrules are assigned to melting under closed system conditions. Surprisingly high Co concentrations (up to 13 wt%) were found in some metal grains in or at the periphery of melted regions. They likely resulted from sulfurization of metal by sulfur vapor produced during the shock. After solidification, at least one other shock led to mechanical effects in the melted regions.
Looking Ahead : Applying new Genomic Technologies to Accelerate Genetic Improvement in Beef Cattle

In recent years, producers have combined the use of phenotypic appraisal and the estimation of breeding values (PTA or EPD) to make genetic selection decisions in beef and dairy cattle that have resulted in a steady genetic gain of 2% per year. However, the most extensive application of genomics has occurred in dairy with the estimation of molecular breeding values that has increased selection efficiency to a much higher order of magnitude. Despite a growing molecular and physiological understanding of complex traits, little is known about the genes determining the traits and their precise function, and a significant unexplained source of variation of phenotypes remains in livestock. Within this context, a more complete understanding of the genes and regulatory pathways and networks involved in economically important traits (i.e. feed efficiency and methane emissions, meat quality and carcass traits) in beef cattle will provide knowledge to help improve genetic selection and reproductive management. Therefore, high throughput -OMICS technology (i.e., transcriptomics, metagenomics, metabolomics, as well as epigenetics and gene networks amongst several others), will complement these tools and further advance identification of functional genes within a systems biology approach.
Analyzing the Significance of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Creativity of Employees: A Case of Insurance Companies in Jordan

The study aims to conduct an assessment of defining qualities of a transformational leader and the role of such leaders in intellectually inspiring and intrinsically motivating the employees within their organization. The data was collected from 90 managers of 20 insurance companies and further analyzed their views pertaining to transformational leadership styles. Statistical tools were used to analyze the data. A vast majority of the respondents affirmed the significance of transformational leadership in ensuring the organizational creativity of their employees. It is concluded that the elements of transformational leadership are crucial in the development of organizational creativity of employees.
Analysis of the Effect of Cognitive Load on Gait with off-the-shelf Accelerometers

Recent research has shown that cognitive load has an effect on gait, especially noticeable in people with neurodegenerative disorders. Sophisticated and expensive systems are commonly used to measure the variability of gait parameters under different cognitive loads. In this paper, we propose the use of smart phones and off-the-shelf wireless accelerometers to study the influence of cognitive load on gait. Making use of this new approach, we measure the effect of common “working memory” or “motor” tasks on gait. We also analyze the effect on gait variability derived from imposing a speed while walking in a treadmill. Our results show that current state-of-the-art smart phones and off-the-shelf accelerometers can be successfully used to analyze the effect of cognitive load on gait. Keywordscognitive load, dual task, gait.
Is Micro Evolution in Tropical Country Women Resulting Low 25(OH)D Level?: A Cross Sectional Study in Indonesia

Background: Low serum 25(OH)D levels often occur during the winter and spring of temperate countries due to low sun exposure but there are many other factors linked with vitamin D deficiency that can occur in tropical countries. Objectives: to assess 25(OH)D serum levels, to compare the difference of associated factors, and to find the factors that independently associated with 25(OH)D level. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted on 156 healthy Indonesian women during the dry season. This study measured serum 25(OH)D levels, examined two single nucleotide polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor gene (TaqI and BsmI), assessed lifestyle factor, and body fat percentage. Results: The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 18.8 ± 7.0 ng/mL, there were 148 subjects categorized as either deficient and insufficient, and eight were categorized as sufficient. However, none of the subjects achieved normal 25(OH)D values (normal value in sunny countries: 54-90 ng/mL), all participants were heterozygous (T>C for TaqI and A>G for BsmI). There were associations between vitamin D deficiency-insufficiency and sufficiency with indoors occupation (p C for TaqI and A>G for BsmI). Factors that most influenced vitamin D serum were sun ray exposure, occupation, and vitamin D intake.
Evaluation of individual characteristics in partnering projects

Partnering arrangements have become more common in the Swedish construction sector over the last years. However, studies show that some issues are not yet established in partnering projects, e.g., the evaluation of “soft parameters” in recruitment processes of staff. Accordingly, there is a need of further investigation of the process of evaluating key persons’ attitudes and cooperation capabilities. Based on a study of three cases, partnering projects, this paper aims at improving the methods that has been used for evaluation of companies’ representatives in partnering projects. Focus is on the relationships between actors, individual characteristics, i.e., soft parameters that may have effect on project outcomes. The finding indicates fundamental problems in the evaluation process of key staff’ characteristics and also deficiencies in the methods used for evaluation purpose. To develop a satisfactory relationship between actors in a partnering project, key persons should fulfil four criteria of competence, integrity, benevolence and attitudes to teamwork. Each of these criteria contains large number of characteristics and attitudes that should be discussed by actors at an early stage of a partnering project.
Bacterial diversity and biogeochemistry of different chemosynthetic habitats of the REGAB cold seep (West African margin, 3160 m water depth)

Abstract. The giant pockmark REGAB (West African margin, 3160 m water depth) is an active methane-emitting cold seep ecosystem, where the energy derived from microbially mediated oxidation of methane supports high biomass and diversity of chemosynthetic communities. Bare sediments interspersed with heterogeneous chemosynthetic assemblages of mytilid mussels, vesicomyid clams and siboglinid tubeworms form a complex seep ecosystem. To better understand if benthic bacterial communities reflect the patchy distribution of chemosynthetic fauna, all major chemosynthetic habitats at REGAB were investigated using an interdisciplinary approach combining pore water geochemistry, in situ quantification of fluxes and consumption of methane, as well as bacterial community fingerprinting. This study revealed that sediments populated by different fauna assemblages show distinct biogeochemical activities and are associated with distinct sediment bacterial communities. The methane consumption rates and methane effluxes ranged over one to two orders of magnitude across habitats, and reached highest values at the mussel habitat, which hosted a different bacterial community compared to the other habitats. Clam assemblages had a profound impact on the sediment geochemistry, but less so on the bacterial community structure. Moreover, all clam assemblages at REGAB were restricted to sediments characterized by complete methane consumption in the seafloor, and intermediate biogeochemical activity. Overall, variations in the sediment geochemistry were reflected in the distribution of both fauna and microbial communities; and were mostly determined by methane flux.
Instabilidade financeira com (e sem) serviço sequencial

MELO, M. A. Financial instability with (and without) sequential service. 2017. Dissertation (Master Degree) Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 2017. Economic theory shows that financial instability is a problem that affects economies in times of recession, causing unemployment, falling consumption and saving levels, the emergence of bank-run , and consequently the reduction of the welfare of society. The literature that studies financial instability is divided into two strands where important references in the study areas without sequential and sequential service are Allen e Gale (2000) and Bertolai et al. (2016), respectively. The contribution of this work is to present the models and main results of Allen e Gale (2000) and Bertolai et al. (2016) as limiting cases of the same problem of choosing the optimal banking system, in order to establish subsequent results complementary to these references. The first contribution, in the environment in which there is no sequential service, is to propose a new way of dividing the unexpected liquidity shock in the Allen e Gale (2000) model so that this mechanism of interbank cooperation can avoid contagion and the generalized collapse between the banks. In the sequential service environment, a second contribution is to extend Bertolai et al. (2016) by establishing new banking run balances in which the last three depositors of each of the banks of the economy do not participate in the bank run. Key-words: Financial Instability, Monetary Theory, Bank Run.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF FOUR AIR BIO-SAMPLERS AFTER AEROSOLIZATION OF ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS SUSPENSIONS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

A major challenge for the bio-security within and between livestock farms is the air transmission of pathogens, which plays a key role in the spread of some infectious diseases. In order to study the airborne transmission of diseases efficient air samplers are required. The objective of this study was to investigate the sampling efficiency of four bio-samplers (Andersen six-stage viable bio-sampler 'AVB', All Glass Impinger 'AGI-30', OMNI-3000, and Airport MD8 with a gelatine filter) using polydisperse aerosols of Enterococcus faecalis generated in a HEPA isolator. However, prior to studying their efficiency using aerosols of E. faecalis and other bacteria (Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni and Mycoplasma synoviae), the additive used and the influence of air sample processing on the survival of the bacterial involved should be determined. Preliminary experiments were performed to test 1) the effect of fluorescein sodium (uranine), as a physical tracer, on the bacteria survival in their suspensions, 2) the recovery efficiency of bacteria and uranine by rinsing agar plates used in the Andersen bio-sampler, and 3) the recovery efficiency of bacteria and uranine by dissolving gelatin filters used in the Airport MD8. E. faecalis suspensions with uranine, E. faecalis suspensions without uranine, and uranine suspensions were also aerosolized in duplicate and sampled with four bio-samplers. Results show that the survival of the four bacterial species was not influenced by the addition of 0.02% uranine in the suspensions after an incubation period of 2 hours. The recovery efficiency by rinsing agar plates ranged between 79.8%-123.6% for bacteria, and 33.1%-60.1% for uranine. The recovery rate from gelatine filters after 5min exposure to ambient air varied between 62.7%-171.7% for bacteria, and 114.2%-123.2% for uranine. Results of preliminary aerosolization tests show that MD8 with a gelatine filter had the highest physical efficiency. The physical efficiency of the AGI-30 and the OMNI-3000 was about 69.8% and 49.4% relative to that of the MD-8. The biological efficiency of all bio-samplers was not significantly different from 100%, implying E. faecalis suffered no stress during sampling. Half-life time of airborne E. faecalis was on average 8.6min at 21-23 C and 80-85% RH.
IMPORTÂNCIA DA DISSEMINAÇÃO DO ENSINO DO BIM NAS UNIVERSIDADES E IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DENTRO DE CONSTRUTORAS PARA FORMAÇÃO DE BIM MANAGERS

An innovative methodology that is growing in the country is the BIM concept, which involves integration of software and professionals, promoting an optimized and precise management of buildings. This article aims to explain the lack of teaching of BIM within universities, as well as the lack of use of these tools in constructors, and finally the lack of knowledge of students and professionals in the industry, of the existence of this technology. The results collected through bibliographic review and face-to-face questionnaires showed that there is a need for greater dissemination of this methodology for a satisfactory practical application. We conclude that the importance of teaching and implementing BIM is relevant and necessary, not only for the creation of new professions such as the BIM manager, but also for a greater integration and entrepreneurial relationship between university and company, guaranteeing the qualification of professionals and profitability and management within corporations.
Examining the effect of equitable price on customer satisfaction in automotive industry (Iran Khodro)

In the present investigation, we consider the effect of equitable price on customers’ satisfaction in automotive industry. Statistical society of survey includes all buyers that they submit their cars of sales agency in Tehran. We choose 384 persons as a random sample. We test research ’ s hypothesis with regression analysis and structural equation. We verify questionnaire validity on Cronbach , s Alpha. We can conclude that buyers’deduction of price has a positive effect on their deduction of equitable price and their complete satisfaction of purchase. Buyers , assent of agency service has a positive effect in their satisfaction on car s technical condition.
Implementation of a Thermomechanical Model in Diablo for the Simulation of Selective Laser Melting

Modeling of selective laser melting requires consideration of both heat transfer and solid mechanics. The present work describes continuum modeling of SLM as envisioned for eventually supporting part-scale modeling of this fabrication process to determine end-state information such as residual stress and distortion. The determination of the evolving temperatures is dependent on the state of the material (powder or solid), the specified heating, the value of each of the constitutive parameters, and the configuration. Similarly, the current mechanical configuration is dependent on the temperatures, the powder-solid state, and the values of the constitutive parameters. A multi-mechanics formulation is required to properly describe such problems. The current report describes the problem formulation, numerical method, and constitutive parameters necessary to solve such a problem. Additionally, various verification and example problems are presented to illustrate the Diablo implementation.