Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consistency and Accuracy of the Medical Subject Headings® Thesaurus for Electronic Indexing and Retrieval of Chronobiologic References

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of the National Library of Medicine (NLM)'s Medical Subject Headings® (MeSH) thesaurus for electronic indexing and retrieval of published chronobiologic papers. A sample set of 228 recent chronobiologic references was downloaded from the MEDLINE®'s database together with all MeSH entries associated with them. The following descriptors were analyzed among the headings of obvious chronobiologic relevance: chronobiology, chronobiology disorders, biological clocks, circadian rhythm, chronotherapy, drug administration schedule, periodicity, seasons, sleep disorders/circadian rhythm, and time factors. A comparison was made between the number of references identified by each heading and the number of articles actually pertinent to the same heading (as ascertained after reading each article of the sample set). This made possible an assessment of consistency (retrieved number not less than actual number) and accuracy (retrieved number not greater than actual number) of the usage of each MeSH entry. By reading each article, it was also possible to identify common chronobiologic concepts not yet associated with specific MeSH headings. In the preselected set of chronobiologic references, seasons identified all articles pertinent to seasonal variations and rhythms. However, chronobiology disorders missed 97.6% of its pertinent articles; periodicity, 95.2%; chronobiology, 87.7%; chronotherapy, 70%; time factors, 62.3%; and sleep disorders/circadian rhythm, 47.4%. Drug administration schedule missed 40% of the chronotherapeutic articles and identified 15% of the chronopharmacologic articles; biological clocks missed 24.1% of its pertinent articles and wrongly identified 8.3% of the retrieved articles; and circadian rhythm missed 2.7% of all circadian studies and wrongly identified 8.2% of the articles it retrieved. When used to search chronobiologic articles in the entire MEDLINE database, drug administration schedule, seasons, and time factors appeared to lack sufficient specificity to produce accurate results. Some common chronobiologic concepts were found not to be associated with any specific MeSH heading, namely, chronoepidemiology, chronopharmacology, chronotoxicology, chronotype, entrainment, and masking. For common chronobiologic concepts and definitions, the use of available MeSH headings appears to often yield inconsistent and inaccurate results; moreover, the MeSH thesaurus remains incomplete.
Adenosine receptors on canine parietal cells modulate gastric acid secretion to histamine.

Administration of theophylline has been shown to enhance gastric acid secretion in humans. Because theophylline has been reported to be a poor inhibitor of phosphodiesterase but a better adenosine receptor antagonist, we tested the hypothesis that there are inhibitory "R site" adenosine receptors on parietal cells. Utilizing isolated dispersed canine parietal cells, we measured acid secretion by the [14C]aminopyrine accumulation technique. We tested the effect of increasing concentrations of 2-chloroadenosine (10(-7), 10(-6), 10(-5) M) and L-N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine (L-PIA) (10(-7), 10(-6), and 10(-5) M), stable analogs of adenosine with specificity for the R sites, on aminopyrine uptake produced by submaximal stimulating concentrations of histamine (1 microM) plus isobutyl methylxanthine (3 microM) or carbachol (1 microM). Histamine-stimulated parietal cell aminopyrine uptake was 4.3- +/- 0.4-fold above basal; 2-chloroadenosine inhibited this response in a dose-dependent fashion with a 57 +/- 6% inhibition at 10(-5) M.L-PIA also inhibited histamine-stimulated aminopyrine uptake with a 67 +/- 11% inhibition at 10(-5) M. Carbachol-stimulated aminopyrine uptake was 5.8- +/- 1.6-fold above basal, but 2-chloroadenosine had no significant effect on this response. Theophylline, 300 microM, and 8-phenyltheophylline, 10 microM, reduced the inhibitory effect of 2-chloroadenosine. 8-Phenyltheophylline was inactive in inhibiting the parietal cell phosphodiesterase activity and the IC50 of theophylline for phosphodiesterase was 1 mM. Because prostaglandins inhibit parietal cell uptake of aminopyrine in a pattern similar to 2-chloroadenosine, we also tested the possibility that prostaglandins are involved in the 2-chloroadenosine response. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Is Mo/ller–Plesset perturbation theory a convergent ab initio method?

Recent studies have seriously questioned the use of higher-order Mo/ller–Plesset perturbation theory (MPn) in describing electron correlation in atomic and molecular systems. Here we first reinvestigate with improved numerical techniques previously controversial and disturbing MPn energetic series for Ne, F−, HF, BH, C2 and N2. Conspicuously absent in previous work is research on the convergence of MPn spectroscopic constants, and thus complete MPn (energy, re, ωe) series were then computed for (BH, HF, CN+, C2 and N2) through the high orders (MP25, MP21, MP13, MP39 and MP19) within the correlation consistent family of basis sets. A persistent, slowly decaying ringing pattern in the C2 energy series was tracked out to MP155. Finally, new energy series were generated and analyzed through MP167 for Cl− and MP39 for Ar and HCl. The MPn energy and property series variously display rapid or slow convergence, monotonic or oscillatory decay, highly erratic or regular behavior, or early or late divergence, all de.
Is there a reasonable excuse for not providing post-operative analgesia when using animal models of peripheral neuropathic pain for research purposes?

Introduction The induction of neuropathic pain-like behaviors in rodents often requires surgical intervention. This engages acute nociceptive signaling events that contribute to pain and stress post-operatively that from a welfare perspective demands peri-operative analgesic treatment. However, a large number of researchers avoid providing such care based largely on anecdotal opinions that it might interfere with model pathophysiology in the longer term. Objectives To investigate effects of various peri-operative analgesic regimens encapsulating different mechanisms and duration of action, on the development of post-operative stress/welfare and pain-like behaviors in the Spared Nerve Injury (SNI)-model of neuropathic pain. Methods Starting on the day of surgery, male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered either vehicle (s.c.), carprofen (5.0mg/kg, s.c.), buprenorphine (0.1mg/kg s.c. or 1.0mg/kg p.o. in Nutella®), lidocaine/bupivacaine mixture (local irrigation) or a combination of all analgesics, with coverage from a single administration, and up to 72 hours. Post-operative stress and recovery were assessed using welfare parameters, bodyweight, food-consumption, and fecal corticosterone, and hindpaw mechanical allodynia was tested for assessing development of neuropathic pain for 28 days. Results None of the analgesic regimes compromised the development of mechanical allodynia. Unexpectedly, the combined treatment with 0.1mg/kg s.c. buprenorphine and carprofen for 72 hours and local irrigation with lidocaine/bupivacaine, caused severe adverse effects with peritonitis. This was not observed when the combination included a lower dose of buprenorphine (0.05mg/kg, s.c.), or when buprenorphine was administered alone (0.1mg/kg s.c. or 1.0mg/kg p.o.) for 72 hours. An elevated rate of wound dehiscence was observed especially in the combined treatment groups, underlining the need for balanced analgesia. Repeated buprenorphine injections had positive effects on body weight the first day after surgery, but depressive effects on food intake and body weight later during the first week. Conclusion Post-operative analgesia does not appear to affect established neuropathic hypersensitivity outcome in the SNI model.
Light Activation of NADP-Malate Dehydrogenase in Guard Cell Protoplasts from Vicia faba L.

Light-induced swelling of guard cell protoplasts (GCP) from Vicia faba was accompanied by increases in content of K(+) and malate. DCMU inhibited the increase of K(+) and malate, and consequently swelling.Effect of light on the activity of selected enzymes that take part in malate formation was studied. When isolated GCP were illuminated, NADP-malate dehydrogenase (NADP-MDH) was activated, and the activity reached a maximum within 5 minutes. The enzyme activity underwent 5- to 6-fold increase in the light. Upon turning off the light, the enzyme was inactivated in 5 minutes NAD-MDH and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) were not influenced by light. The rapid light activation of NADP-MDH was inhibited by DCMU, suggesting that the enzyme was activated by reductants from the linear electron transport in chloroplasts. An enzyme localization study by differential centrifugation indicates that NADP-MDH is located in the chloroplasts, NAD-MDH in the cytosol and mitochondria, and PEPC in the cytosol. After light activation, the activity of NADP-MDH in guard cells was 10 times that in mesophyll cells on a chlorophyll basis. The physiological significance of light-dependent activation of NADP-MDH in guard cells is discussed in relation to stomatal movement.
IJST 45 nm 8 T SRAM with Improved Noise Figure A comparative study

Lowering noise figure is one of the important aspects of digital devices and particularly memory devices such as SRAM’s. Because in scaled technologies, stable operation is critical to obtain with high yield at low-voltage and Low-power. Recent published works have shown that the conventional 6T SRAM suffers severe stability degradation due to access disturbances at low-power mode. Thus, several cell designs have been reported, improving the cell stability. It has been shown that conventional 6T SRAMs (Static Random Access Memory) fail to achieve reliable sub threshold operation. Hence, researchers have considered different configuration SRAMs for sub threshold operations having improved stability of which resulted in an 8Transistor SRAM In this paper we evaluate the working of the 8Transistor SRAM in comparison with two other designs of SRAM’s comprising 3 and 6 transistors respectively. In this paper we analyze the Noise Figure (NF), voltage Gain and Power Dissipation of the three SRAM designs and found out that 8T sram has 34 percent higher Noise Figure and 97 percent higher Gain IndexTerms—SRAM, 6T SRAM, 3T SRAM, 8T SRAM, Noise Figure, voltage gain, power dissipation.
Business Models and Tactics in New Product Creation: The Interplay of Effectuation and Causation Processes

Effectuation and causation are two contrasting approaches to new business development. We argue that these two approaches are generic decision-making mechanisms that can coexist with one another and that they are configured in specific ways during different phases in the process of new product creation. These decision-making mechanisms are influenced by internal and external market factors: the nature of activities of a phase and the interplay between the business model and tactics. Our research framework is a generic two-stage competitive process that separates business models from tactics. We conducted an in-depth case study of a console game creation project to examine these decision-making mechanisms and to explore how business models are formulated and how each mechanism influences subsequent tactics during the new product creation process. Our findings suggest the following four decision-making configurations with unique modes of interplay between business models and tactics: effectuation centric, discovery centric, causation centric, and tactic centric. The theoretical insights on the linkage between decision-making mechanisms and business models have important practical implications for new product creation.
The Design of Fault-Tolerant Linear Digital State Variable Systems: Theory and Techniques

A theory for error detection in linear digital state variable systems is described. With the aid of a tool called the gain matrix, it is shown that the effect of error propagation along different paths of the circuit can be analyzed. For circuits with operator fanout, it is shown that despite the fact that single faulty operators cause multiple state variables to be erroneous, no more additional check variables are required than for circuits without operator fanout. It is further shown that hardware optimization can be performed by sharing hardware functions between the original state variable system and its error detection circuitry. The analysis is performed for both single and multiple faulty operators. A scheme for error correction that performs error correction in real time is proposed. Experimental results that illustrate the practical viability of the proposed scheme are discussed. >
Cognitive Foundations of Second Language Acquisition: Introduction

The growth of cognitive science as a field, or at least as a descriptive term, indicates an emerging scientific consensus that many fundamental human capacities require collaborative and interdisciplinary research to make further fundamental headway. Language, as central to our essential humanity as anything is, represents one area in which massive amounts of interdisciplinary research is underway at virtually every research institution in the world.
Chryseobacterium yonginense sp. nov., isolated from a mesotrophic artificial lake.

A Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated HMD1043(T), was isolated from a mesotrophic artificial lake in Korea. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C(15 : 0) (28.3 %), iso-C(15 : 0) (22.9 %), summed feature 9 (comprising iso-C(17 : 1)ω9c and/or 10-methyl C(16 : 0); 8.8 %) and iso-C(13 : 0) (5.3 %). The DNA G+C content was 31.3 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HMD1043(T) formed a lineage within the genus Chryseobacterium and was most closely related to Chryseobacterium antarcticum AT1013(T) (96.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Chryseobacterium jeonii AT1047(T) (96.4 %). On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HMD1043(T) is described as belonging to a novel species of the genus Chryseobacterium, for which the name Chryseobacterium yonginense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HMD1043(T) ( = KCTC 22744(T) = CECT 7547(T)).
La structuration dans les entités nommées

La reconnaissance des entites nommees et une discipline cruciale du domaine du TAL. Elle sert a l'extraction de relations entre entites nommees, ce qui permet la construction d'une base de connaissance (Surdeanu and Ji, 2014), le resume automatique (Nobata et al., 2002), etc. Nous nous interessons ici aux phenomenes de structurations qui les entourent.Nous distinguons ici deux types d'elements structurels dans une entite nommee. Les premiers sont des sous-chaines recurrentes, que nous appelerons les affixes caracteristiques d'une entite nommee. Le second type d'elements est les tokens ayant un fort pouvoir discriminant, appeles des tokens declencheurs. Nous detaillerons l'algorithme que nous avons mis en place pour extraire les affixes caracteristiques, que nous comparerons a Morfessor (Creutz and Lagus, 2005b). Nous appliquerons ensuite notre methode pour extraire les tokens declencheurs, utilises pour l'extraction d'entites nommees du Francais et d'adresses postales.Une autre forme de structuration pour les entites nommees est de nature syntaxique, qui suit generalement une structure d'imbrications ou arboree. Nous proposons un type de cascade d'etiqueteurs lineaires qui n'avait jusqu'a present jamais ete utilise pour la reconnaissance d'entites nommees, generalisant les approches precedentes qui ne sont capables de reconnaitre des entites de profondeur finie ou ne pouvant modeliser certaines particularites des entites nommees structurees.Tout au long de cette these, nous comparons deux methodes par apprentissage automatique, a savoir les CRF et les reseaux de neurones, dont nous presenterons les avantages et inconvenients de chacune des methodes.
Predicting customer behavior via calling links

Machine learning techniques have been used to predict customer behavior in telecommunications industry. Typically, several data sources, including historical usage, billing, payment, network, customer service, and demographic data, can be used in a predictive model. However, in some cases, e.g., in the prepaid customer segment, there is often little data available except for the call detail record (CDR) data. In this paper, we tackle this challenging problem, using significantly delayed CDR data as the primary data source to predict customer behavior. We extract calling links, i.e., who called whom, from the CDR data, and propose several distance measures based on calling links. We demonstrate that, by using information derived from the calling links alone as inputs to a neural network model, an acceptable accuracy for predicting churn (customer switching from one service provider to another) can be achieved. Calling links can also be used to identify calling communities, which may be used for targeted marketing campaigns and help predict acceptance of marketing offers.
Widely tunable long-period gratings fabricated in polymer-clad ion-exchanged glass waveguides

Long-period-grating filters were fabricated in polymer-clad ion-exchanged BK7 glass waveguides. The transmission spectra of the filters exhibited strong polarization dependence. A contrast as high as 25 dB at the resonance wavelength was obtained. The temperature sensitivity of the filters was measured to be /spl sim/9.0 nm//spl deg/C, which allows potential wavelength tuning over the entire S+C+L band of /spl sim/180 nm with a temperature control over a range of /spl sim/20/spl deg/C.
Decellularized Swine Dental Pulp as a Bioscaffold for Pulp Regeneration

Endodontic regeneration shows promise in treating dental pulp diseases; however, no suitable scaffolds exist for pulp regeneration. Acellular natural extracellular matrix (ECM) is a favorable scaffold for tissue regeneration since the anatomical structure and ECM of the natural tissues or organs are well-preserved. Xenogeneic ECM is superior to autologous or allogeneic ECM in tissue engineering for its unlimited resources. This study investigated the characteristics of decellularized dental pulp ECM from swine and evaluated whether it could mediate pulp regeneration. Dental pulps were acquired from the mandible anterior teeth of swine 12 months of age and decellularized with 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) combined with Triton X-100. Pulp regeneration was conducted by seeding human dental pulp stem cells into decellularized pulp and transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice for 8 weeks. The decellularized pulp demonstrated preserved natural shape and structure without any cellular components. Histological analysis showed excellent ECM preservation and pulp-like tissue, and newly formed mineralized tissues were regenerated after being transplanted in vivo. In conclusion, decellularized swine dental pulp maintains ECM components favoring stem cell proliferation and differentiation, thus representing a suitable scaffold for improving clinical outcomes and functions of teeth with dental pulp diseases.
Self-Advocacy for Independent Life: A Program for Personal Self Advocacy after Brain Injury

ABSTRACT Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in long-term injury-related disabilities. Individuals with TBI and their families must often advocate for themselves to secure resources to address their postinjury needs. However, the ability to advocate may be compromised by the effects of the injury. The Self-Advocacy for Independent Life (SAIL) program aims to empower individuals and families with the skills of self-advocacy so they can navigate life after brain injury in a self-efficacious manner.
Microscale tissue-engineered models: overcoming barriers to adoption for neural regeneration research

The last decade has seen a steady proliferation in the use of tissue-engineered cell culture systems (Deforest and Anseth, 2012), and these have been put to good use for studying neural axon growth and guidance (Li and Hoffman-Kim, 2008; Roy et al., 2013). These systems have been designed to more closely mimic the natural microenvironment of the developing or repairing nervous system and to enable spatiotemporal control over certain aspects of the microenvironment. The 3D nature of these culture systems provides a more physiologically-relevant microenvironment, while spatiotemporal control addresses aspects of tissue architecture and molecular presentation for quantitative investigation into how specific physical or molecular variables might influence axon growth. These capabilities should be tremendously important to the study of neural regeneration, since it is well known that developing and regenerating axons of both the central and peripheral nervous systems respond to particular attractive or repulsive cues presented in their microenvironments that may be sensed by the growth cones of these extending axons. Tissue-engineered model systems are well suited to the investigation into precise mechanisms of action of these cues, the elucidation of novel mechanisms, and for testing potential therapeutic strategies.
Nondialyzable skimmilk in diluents for ram and bull semen.

Abstract Bull and ram spermatozoa were stored in synthetic media containing various skimmilk preparations. The reduction in motility of ram spermatozoa diluted 80-fold and incubated at 37 C in synthetic media could be prevented by the inclusion of . 8% (w/v) of a lyophilized preparation of nondialyzable skimmilk heated to 92 C for 10 min. Bull spermatozoa incubated at 37 C in buffered saline solutions 60, 80, and 100% of the osmolality of 154 mM sodium chloride, and to which 0, . 75, 1.5, 2.25, and 3% (w/v) of the milk preparation were added, survived best in the 80% solution. The detrimental effect of osmolality on sperm motility diminished as the concentration of the milk preparation increased. For either ram or bull spermatozoa, fresh nondialyzable skimmilk was best detoxified by heating after dialysis or by adding . 5 or 1.0 mg of cysteine-HCl/ml before dialysis. Dialysis removed excess unbound cysteine-HCl. When the milk preparations were lyophilized for storage and reconstituted as diluents, bull sperm motility was higher during incubation at 5 or 37 C in heated milk preparations than in preparations treated with cysteine-HCl before dialysis. The latter treatment was improved by our removing a precipitate formed when cysteine-HCl was added, but heat treatment still was superior. We concluded that heating and cysteine-HCl addition act differently in detoxifying milk. The most suitable methods of preparing fresh milk diluents may not be satisfactory if the preparations are to be lyophilized for storage before use.
Effects of survivin interference RNA on non-small cell lung carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo effect of survivin interference RNA (siRNA) on non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS Lentivirus was used as a vector to transfer siRNA into human lung cancer A549 cells. The proliferation of the cancer cells was assessed by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. The lentivirus-mediated siRNA was also injected into the transplanted A549 tumor tissues in mice. Tumour growth was assessed after 11 injections over a period of 21 days. RESULTS Compared with the placebo and the blank lentiviral vector groups, the siRNA treatment group had reduced cell growth rate following 4 days of the treatment (P < 0.01). The average size of the transplanted A549 tumours in the siRNA treatment group (0.75+/-0.16 cm3, n=8) was smaller than in the placebo (2.09+/-0.22 cm3, n=6) or the blank lentivrial vector groups (1.89+/-0.18 cm3, n=6) (P < 0.01). The tumour growth inhibition rate in the siRNA groups was 46.1%. CONCLUSION Lentivirus-mediated siRNA therapy inhibits the growth of human lung cancer cells in vitro. The siRNA therapy also suppresses the growth of the transplanted lung cancer in mice.