Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Critical points on growth curves in autoregressive and mixed models

Adjusting autoregressive and mixed models to growth data fi ts discontinuous func- tions, which makes it diffi cult to determine critical points. In this study we propose a new ap- proach to determine the critical stability point of cattle growth using a fi rst-order autoregressive model and a mixed model with random asymptote, using the deterministic portion of the models. Three functions were compared: logistic, Gompertz, and Richards. The Richards autoregressive model yielded the best fi t, but the critical growth values were adjusted very early, and for this purpose the Gompertz model was more appropriate.
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Small T Antigen Perturbs the Cellular DNA Damage Response

Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) small T antigen (ST) is expressed in the majority of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC), a highly lethal and aggressive cancer of the skin. Since the discovery of MCPyV in 2008, the role of ST in the context of the virus and MCC has been under intense investigation. Much of our knowledge of polyomavirus ST comes from research on other polyomaviruses, including mouse polyomavirus (MPyV) and simian virus 40 (SV40). Both MPyV and SV40 ST contribute to transformation in part by binding to and inhibiting the cellular phosphatase PP2A. Likewise, MCPyV ST interacts with PP2A, although mutants that are reported to abolish this interaction still transform cells, suggesting that MCPyV ST has PP2Aindependent functions. Understanding the unique cellular perturbations induced by MCPyV ST will thus be important for understanding the tumorigenesis of MCC. In this dissertation, we sought to understand the manipulation of cellular functions by MCPyV ST. We began by characterizing the MCPyV ST protein itself, starting with structural and functional comparisons with other well characterized polyomaviruses and identifying the interaction of MCPyV ST with cellular proteins. We observed that MCPyV ST uniquely interacts with the TIP60 cellular complex, which contains an ATPase and an acetyltransferase and is involved in histone modifications and DNA damage repair. Through predictions of the structure,
The mummified cats of ancient Egypt.

SUMMARY. A series of one hundred and ninety skulls of mummified cats, excavated at Gizeh, and dating from approximately 600-200 B. C. , has formed the basis of an enquiry into the identity of the cats of ancient Egypt. Statistical analysis of the measurements of these skulls, and a critical examination of the available evidence, lead to the view that two forms of cat were mummified. The larger form, which is not so common as a mummy, and which may or may not have been domesticated, represents Felis chaus. The smaller, and by far the commoner, mummies were thought by Ehrenberg (1833) to represent two forms, one larger than the other, and Ehrenberg's view has been adopted by many subsequent authors. But the evidence does not support this view and, apart from the large chaus, the cats mummified by ancient Egyptians appear to represent one form only, the skulls of which agree closely with those of the wild Felis libyca Forster, from which it was probably derived. If this view is correct this form should be known as Felis libyca bubastis Ehrenberg, 1833. From paintings and figures it seems that bubastis, which was certainly domesticated, was a ginger-coloured cat, with rather long ears and legs, and with a long, ringed tail.
A Conceptual Framework to Study the Implementation of Clinical Decision Support Systems (BEAR): Literature Review and Concept Mapping

Background The implementation of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) as an intervention to foster clinical practice change is affected by many factors. Key factors include those associated with behavioral change and those associated with technology acceptance. However, the literature regarding these subjects is fragmented and originates from two traditionally separate disciplines: implementation science and technology acceptance. Objective Our objective is to propose an integrated framework that bridges the gap between the behavioral change and technology acceptance aspects of the implementation of CDSSs. Methods We employed an iterative process to map constructs from four contributing frameworks—the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF); the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR); the Human, Organization, and Technology-fit framework (HOT-fit); and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)—and the findings of 10 literature reviews, identified through a systematic review of reviews approach. Results The resulting framework comprises 22 domains: agreement with the decision algorithm; attitudes; behavioral regulation; beliefs about capabilities; beliefs about consequences; contingencies; demographic characteristics; effort expectancy; emotions; environmental context and resources; goals; intentions; intervention characteristics; knowledge; memory, attention, and decision processes; patient–health professional relationship; patient’s preferences; performance expectancy; role and identity; skills, ability, and competence; social influences; and system quality. We demonstrate the use of the framework providing examples from two research projects. Conclusions We proposed BEAR (BEhavior and Acceptance fRamework), an integrated framework that bridges the gap between behavioral change and technology acceptance, thereby widening the view established by current models.
Form Changes in Fish Larvae in Relation To Changing Demands of Function

Remodelling of fish larvae during metamorphosis involves different growth rates of parts of their body with respect to length and weight. The hypothesis that different growth rates, in the size range between 5 and 20 mm, are required to meet the changing demands of swimming, feeding and respiration are tested using data obtained from high speed movies and studies of larval morphology. Changing growth rates appear to reflect closely the size and feeding ecology dependent functional requirements.
A Reliable Routing Algorithm for Delay Sensitive Data in Body Area Networks

Wireless body Area networks (WBANs) include a number of sensor nodes placed inside or on the human body to improve patient health and quality of life. Ensuring the transfer and receipt of data in sensitive data is a very important issue. Routing algorithms should support a variety of service quality such as reliability and delay in sending and receiving data. Loss of information or excessive data delay can lead to loss of human life. A proper routing algorithm in WBAN networks provides an efficient route with minimum delay and higher reliability for sensitive data. In this context, a routing algorithm, as it is proposed, categorizes patient data into sensitive and non-sensitive. Sensitive packets are transmitted to the destination through the shortest route to have less delay and non-sensitive packets are transmitted from other routes. Simulation shows that the proposed algorithm performs better, in terms of the throughput than the DMQoS and RL-QRP this superiority; as a result, decreases the latency of the end.
Heterospecific mating interactions as an interface between ecology and evolution

Reproductive interference (costly interspecific sexual interactions) is well‐understood to promote divergence in mating‐relevant traits (i.e. reproductive character displacement: RCD), but it can also reduce population growth, eventually leading to local extinction of one of the species. The ecological and evolutionary processes driven by reproductive interference can interact with each other. These interactions are likely to influence whether the outcome is coexistence or extinction, but remain little studied. In this paper, we first develop an eco‐evolutionary perspective on reproductive interference by integrating ecological and evolutionary processes in a common framework. We also present a simple model to demonstrate the eco‐evolutionary dynamics of reproductive interference. We then identify a number of factors that are likely to influence the relative likelihoods of extinction or RCD. We discuss particularly relevant factors by classifying them into four categories: the nature of the traits responding to selection, the mechanisms determining the expression of these traits, mechanisms of reproductive interference and the ecological background. We highlight previously underappreciated ways in which these factors may influence the relative likelihoods of RCD and local extinction. By doing so, we also identify questions and future directions that will increase our holistic understanding of the outcomes of reproductive interference.
When botany inspired pathology of the peripheral nervous system

Medicine and botany are 2 distinct disciplines of “natural science,” one focusing on humans, the other on plants. However, among the life sciences, both were quite close in earlier times. Moreover, the history of neuropathology, especially in the field of the peripheral nervous system, has been marked by many examples of “botanical images” used to describe certain histopathologic structures. We propose to better understand the reasons why neuropathologists used these botanical terms from a number of interesting anecdotes.
Estudio y manipulación genética de la ruta de carotenoides en "Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii" mediante la expresión de genes exógenos

espanolLos carotenoides son un grupo de pigmentos isoprenoides sintetizados por todos los organismos fotosinteticos y algunas bacterias y hongos. Los animales y otros organismos que no los producen in vivo deben incluirlos en su dieta ya que, por ejemplo, son responsables de la coloracion del plumaje y de algunas aves y precursores de compuestos esenciales como la vitamina A. Ademas, su capacidad antioxidante y sus aplicaciones nutraceuticas les hacen ser productos de una alta importancia economica. La manipulacion genetica de la microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii es la principal herramienta en el que se basa este trabajo. Mediante la expresion de genes exogenos, pretendemos incrementar el contenido en carotenoides y obtener un conocimiento mas profundo de las enzimas involucradas en esta ruta y su regulacion in vivo. Ademas, diferentes condiciones de estres ambiental han sido utilizadas para clarificar la respuesta funcional de esta ruta en esta clorofita. EnglishCarotenoids are a wide group of lipophylic isoprenoid compounds synthesised by all photosynthetic organisms and also by sorne non photosynthetic bacteria and fungi. This is the reason why animals and other organisms that do not synthesise them de novo must include them in their diet to acquire their characteristic colours or as precursors for essential compounds. Carotenoids have been described as indispensable in light collection and energy transmission during photosynthesis and their antioxidant capacity and applications in nutraceuticals andas feed additives make them be ofhigh economical valuable products. The genetic manipulation ofthe microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is the principal tool on the basis ofthis work. By means ofthe exogenous gene expression, we expect to in crease the carotenoid content and obtain a deep understanding of the enzymes involved in the pathway and its in vivo regulation. Also, different environmental conditions have been used to clarify the functional response of the route in this microalga.
Larval and adult density of the porcellanid crab Petrolisthes armatus (Anomura: Porcellanidae) in an Amazon estuary, northern Brazil

Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes, 1850) is a porcellanid crab with a wide geographical distribution. In the present study we analyzed variations in the abundance of P. armatus adults and larvae over an annual cycle in the Marapanim estuary of the Amazon coastal zone, in the northeastern portion of the state of Para, Brazil. Particularly, we focused on the presence of ovigerous females and timing of larval release, with the aim of elucidating reproductive patterns in a tropical estuarine system. The mean density of P. armatus larvae (zoea I and II) correlated positively with the salinity of the shallow waters of the estuary, whereas the abundance of adults correlated with the salinity registered in water samples collected from the benthic environment. There was also a significant positive correlation between larval density (zoea I and II) and water temperature. Ovigerous females were captured throughout the study period, from August 2006 to July 2007, but were more abundant in June and less abundant during the rainy months, between February and May. Larvae were only present during the dry season and transition months (June to January), and were absent during the rainy season (February to May). Petrolisthes armatus reproduces throughout the year in the Marapanim estuary and all developmental stages of this species (zoeal stages I and II, megalopae and adults) are found in the estuary. The results indicate that the study area is an important environment for the reproduction of this decapod.
Compostable Polylactide and Cellulose Based Packaging for Fresh-Cut Cherry Tomatoes: Performance Evaluation and Influence of Sterilization Treatment

For food packaging, plastic materials display large appeal, mostly due to their versatility, mechanical, optical and barrier properties. However, they play an important role in environmental concerns and waste management issue. Compostable bioplastics represent alternative materials designed for a lower environmental impact. In this work, a biobased compostable packaging, constituted by polylactide (PLA) trays and NatureFlex™ film, was evaluated for fresh-cut cherry tomato. A comparative analysis was accomplished using traditional packaging materials, that is, polyethylene terephtalate (PET) trays and polypropylene (PP Coex) film. Structural stability under food contact conditions, mechanical and physical-chemical properties were investigated. Tensile mechanical properties, puncture resistance, contact angle (CA) and attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), before and after UV or radiofrequency (RF) sterilization treatment, were evaluated. UV irradiation method resulted the less invasive one. Therefore, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate (OTR and WVTR), overall chemical migration test, biodegradation assessment by biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) according to ISO 14851 and disintegration test by ISO 20200 were carried out to establish the further influence of UV sterilization on the packaging. Overall, data showed that the biobased compostable packaging for a prolonged shelf-life of fresh-cut cherry tomato has better properties that were surprisingly enhanced by the UV treatment.
Raw milk and fecal microbiota of commercial Alpine dairy cows varies with herd, fat content and diet

The factors that influence the diversity and composition of raw milk and fecal microbiota in healthy commercial dairy herds are not fully understood, partially because the majority of metataxonomic studies involve experimental farms and/or single factors. We analyzed the raw milk and fecal microbiota of 100 healthy cows from 10 commercial alpine farms from the Province of Trento, Italy, using metataxonomics and applied statistical modelling to investigate which extrinsic and intrinsic parameters (e.g. herd, diet and milk characteristics) correlated with microbiota richness and composition in these relatively small traditional farms. We confirmed that Firmicutes, Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae families dominated the fecal and milk samples of these dairy cows, but in addition, we found an association between the number of observed OTUs and Shannon entropy on each farm that indicates higher microbiota richness is associated with increased microbiota stability. Modelling showed that herd was the most significant factor affecting the variation in both milk and fecal microbiota composition. Furthermore, the most important predictors explaining the variation of microbiota richness were milk characteristics (i.e. percentage fat) and diet for milk and fecal samples, respectively. We discuss how high intra-herd variation could affect the development of treatments based on microbiota manipulation.
Musculoskeletal Pain Survey Outcomes in Cleft Surgeons and Orthodontists

Objective: Determine prevalence and characteristics of musculoskeletal pain and pathology in cleft providers. Design: An IRB-exempt survey based on previously validated surveys was administered. Data collected included demographics, practice description, musculoskeletal pain history, formal diagnoses, and interventions. Setting: Survey was sent to all cleft centers approved by the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association worldwide. Patients, Participants: All cleft surgeons and orthodontists at these centers met entry criteria. Eighty-three providers responded. Cleft center coordinators were unable to confirm the number of survey recipients. Main Outcome Measures: The hypothesis formulated prior to data collection was that prevalence would be comparable to general plastic surgeons and other at-risk health care providers. Results: Average age of respondents was 49.8 ± 11.3 years; 33.9% of respondents were female. Average body mass index was 24.8 ± 3.5 kg/m2. Headaches were observed in 62.7% of surveyed respondents while musculoskeletal symptoms were reported in 89.8%. Of the 12 body parts addressed, most commonly affected were the neck (71.2%), shoulders (52.5%), and lower back (67.8%). Pain interfered with hobbies and home life in the majority of respondents (62.7%). Those who reported a formal diagnosis were more likely to undergo treatment including surgery (P < .01), medication (P = .03), and physical therapies (P < .01). Conclusions: Cleft surgeons and orthodontists experience a higher frequency of headaches compared to the general population, and musculoskeletal disorders are more prevalent than reported by general plastic surgeons. Pain interferes with hobbies and home life. Formal diagnosis leads to treatment. Preventative exercises and interventions are presented.
The Facial Musculature of some Lesser Primates and a Tupaia. A Comparative Study.

Summary. The facial musculature of four types of Mammals—one Subprimate and three Primates—has been examined. It has been described under five headings, viz.:—platysmal, superior pre-auricular, oral, retro-auricular, and stylo-hyoidean. This classification indicates the matrices from which each group is derived as closely as is consistent with descriptive anatomy. The platysma was well developed in all except the lemurs, in which it failed to attain attachment to the nuchal, omoidean, clavicular, or genal regions; it has, therefore, been called degenerate. Trachelo-platysmae were present only in the lemurs and marmoset; no platysmal derivates were found. Of the superior preauricular group, the M. orbicularis oculi was remarkable in the Tupaia and Tarsius; in the former on account of the break in the inferior distal fibres and the attachment to the zygoma of the central fibres. In Tarsius the muscle was of unusual size and had unusual anterior attachments. At present it is difficult to say if these latter represent a primitive condition laid bare, so to speak, by the apparent overstretching of this muscle to such an extent that it is only one fibre in thickness; or whether it is a specialization peculiar to Tarsius. In each of the specimens the M. orbicularis oculi was, laterally, directly continuous with a large superficial orbito-auriculo-labial sheet; in Tupaia this was incomplete. In each specimen the lower margin of this sheet was formed by the M. auriculo-labialis inferior. In the lemurs the muscle lies upon the same plane as, and is closely apposed to, the upper margin of the portio modiolaris platysmae, as the platysma in this Primate is devoid of a pars supra-angularis. This led Ruge to consider the M. auriculo-labialis inferior as a portion of the platysma. In Tarsius, however, the former runs deeply and obliquely to, and is unconnected with, the partes supra-angularis and modiolaris platysmse, and in consequence the muscle has been classified with the superior pre-auricular musculature. A M. naso-labialis was present in each specimen, but it differed from that of the dog, as figured by Huber, in that its fibres extend over the medial frontal region. No M. angulo-naso-labialis (caput angulare) was present in any specimen, though in Tarsius a M. infra-orbito-labialis (caput infra-orbitale) was well developed. Of the oral group the M. orbicularis oris of each Primate showed a division into partes marginalis and peripheralis, and in Tarsius the arrangement of these fibres resembled that seen in Anthropoids and Man. In each specimen a M. maxillo-naso-labialis was present. With the retro-auricular group has been classed the M. digastricus posterior and the M. cervicalis transversus. This latter has formerly been considered as a deep layer of the platysma, but the innervation would seem to preclude this. Bibliography.
Multi-objective optimization of the operation and maintenance assets of an offshore wind farm using genetic algorithms

This article explores the use of genetic algorithms to optimize the operation and maintenance assets of an offshore wind farm. Three different methods are implemented in order to demonstrate the approach. The optimization problem simultaneously considers both the reliability characteristics of the offshore wind turbines and the composition of the maintenance fleet, seeking to identify the optimal configurations for the strategic assets. These are evaluated in order to minimize the operating costs of the offshore farm while maximizing both its reliability and availability. The considerations used for the application of genetic algorithms as an effective way to support the assets management are described, and a case study to show the applicability of the approach is presented. The variation of the economic performance indicators as a consequence of the optimization procedure is discussed, and the implementation of this method in a wider computational framework for the operation and maintenance assets improvement is introduced.
Variabilidade intra e intergenotípica em uma população de híbridos entre Leucaena leucocephala e L. diversifolia

n†This work aimed to estimate the variability of some morphological characteristics in hy- brids of Leucaena. Twenty genotypes, with 30 individuals each, of hybrids between L. †leucocephala and L. †diversifolia were established in a randomized blocks design with six repetitions. Leaf length, number of pinnae and leaflet pairs, number of extrafloral nectaries, legume length and width and num- ber of seeds per legume were analyzed. Leaf length average values ranged from 8.6†cm to 30.6†cm. Number of leaflets per pinna ranged from 10.7 to 53.4 and the number of pinnae per leaf ranged from 5.6 to 20.3. Most of the individuals presented an average of 1.0 extrafloral nectary per leaf. The highest average value of number of seeds per legume was 24.1 and the lowest 5.0. Five genotypes were the most uniform considering the characteristics analyzed.