Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accuracy Enhancement of Electromagnetic Side-Channel Attacks on Computer Monitors

Electromagnetic noise emitted from running computer displays modulates information about the picture frames being displayed on screen. Attacks have been demonstrated on eavesdropping computer displays by utilising these emissions as a side-channel vector. The accuracy of reconstructing a screen image depends on the emission sampling rate and bandwidth of the attackers signal acquisition hardware. The cost of radio frequency acquisition hardware increases with increased supported frequency range and bandwidth. A number of enthusiast-level, affordable software defined radio equipment solutions are currently available facilitating a number of radio-focused attacks at a more reasonable price point. This work investigates three accuracy influencing factors, other than the sample rate and bandwidth, namely noise removal, image blending, and image quality adjustments, that affect the accuracy of monitor image reconstruction through electromagnetic side-channel attacks.
Variable Impact of State Legislative Advocacy on Registry Participation and Regional Systems of Care Implementation: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association

Regionalization, systems of care design, and quality improvement (QI) registry participation all promote the widespread dissemination of guideline-based evidence into actual practice. As a result, policy statements from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) advocate for the creation of regional systems of care for various time-critical diagnoses, including ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), out-of-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation, and acute stroke.1–3 Creation of these regional networks requires multidisciplinary collaboration to implement 5 mutually reinforcing core elements4 that build each system: (1) Designation of certain hospitals with special treatment capabilities as Receiving Centers for STEMI, resuscitation, or stroke; (2) emergency medical services (EMS) destination protocols that allow for direct transport of certain patients identified by explicit triage criteria to a designated Receiving Center, thus allowing for bypass of closer hospitals if they lack the needed specialty service; (3) organized interhospital transfer and transport protocols to a Receiving Center for appropriate patients who initially self-present or are mistriaged to a Referral Hospital; (4) communication or telemedicine options to provide real-time expert consultation as needed from a Receiving Center to its associated Referral Hospitals or EMS providers; and (5) participation in a regional and/or national QI registry to track relevant process-of-care metrics and meaningful risk-adjusted clinical outcomes. Within each of the 50 states, unique challenges exist for stakeholders attempting to implement the 5 aforementioned core elements of regional or statewide systems of care. In particular, substantial variation exists with regard to the starting point for these initiatives. For example, some states already have sufficient regulatory authority within their EMS agency or state department of health (DOH) to regionalize care of time-critical diagnoses, whereas other states require new legislation to create coordinated systems. In October 2011, the Advocacy Coordinating Committee of the AHA convened a multispecialty task force to assess the …
Effect of jasmonic acid on major terpenes and density of glandular trichomes in Lippia graveolens kunth (Verbenaceae)

Abstract The effect of exogenous application of jasmonic acid (JA) on the concentration of main terpenes and density of glandular trichomes was investigated in the Mexican oregano, propagated from seeds from 3 localities. JA 1 mM was applied locally and to the whole plant. JA locally applied increased the number of trichomes, with a mean of 20 trichomes more with respect to the controls in plants from Tecomavaca and Zapotitlán Salinas, and significantly increased the thymol concentration by 185% systemically and 255% locally, compared to the control. JA applied to the whole plant decreased the number of trichomes and increased the concentration of caryophyllene from 0.79 to 1.7 mg g−1, and α-caryophyllene from 0.3 to 0.8 mg g−1 in plants from San Rafael with reference to water control. The results suggest a plasticity of morphologic and phytochemical responses, and a potential use of JA to improve phenolic monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes production.
Do HIV risk and prevention behaviors change over time among adults in permanent supportive housing?

ABSTRACT Persons experiencing homelessness have a disproportionate burden of HIV infection and high rates of HIV risk behavior. Permanent supportive housing (PSH) has been identified as a primary solution to homelessness, but little is known about HIV sexual risk behavior among persons in PSH, nor about how HIV risk and prevention behavior may change as persons move from homelessness into PSH. Utilizing longitudinal data from 421 persons prior to moving in and over their first year living in PSH, this study assesses change over time in HIV risk and prevention behavior utilizing generalized linear mixed models. Results reveal changes in sexual risk behavior over time, including an overall increase in the rate of sexual activity, but a decrease in rates of some sexual risk behaviors, including condomless sex and multiple partners. While decreasing overall, the prevalence of condomless sex remains high (63%) at 12-months. Combined with a precipitous drop in HIV prevention programming exposure (from 56% at baseline to 23% at 12-months), only two-thirds of those sexually active reporting a past year HIV test at 12-months post-housing, and rare use of PrEP, these findings suggest a need for additional attention to promotion of sexual health behaviors and HIV prevention within PSH.
Thyroid function during the first year of use of the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate

Abstract Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate thyroid function profile as a possible factor influencing weight and body composition variation in new users of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). Materials and methods: A prospective, non-randomised, comparative study was conducted at the University of Campinas, Brazil. Women aged 18–40 years with a body mass index (BMI) less than 30 kg/m2, normal oral glucose tolerance test, no known diseases, and using no medication, who opted to use DMPA were paired by age (±1 year) and BMI (±1 kg/m2) with women initiating copper intrauterine device (IUD) use. The main outcome measures were thyroid function profile, weight, and body composition, as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We used repeated measures ANOVA to perform comparisons between times and groups. Results: We evaluated 28 DMPA users and 24 IUD users who completed the 12-month follow-up. We observed that FT4 levels were higher at 12 months (compared to baseline) in the DMPA group (p < .0001) and that FT4/FT3 ratio had increased in both groups. Additionally, at 12 months, total body mass had increased around 2 kg and lean mass increased in the DMPA group compared to the IUD group; there was also an increase in weight, BMI, total body mass, and fat mass when compared to baseline. Conclusions: No changes in thyroid function occurred that could explain the weight increase observed in DMPA users. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01527526.
Population Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Cyclo{(2S)-2-Amino-8-[(Aminocarbonyl)Hydrazono] Decanoyl-1-L-Tryptophyl-L-Isoleucyl-(2R)-2-Piperidinecarbonyl} (SD-2007), and Its Metabolic Conversion to Apicidin after Intravenous Injection and Oral Administration in Rats

Background: This study assessed the population pharmacokinetics and metabolic conversion of a novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, SD-2007, into its active metabolite, apicidin, in rats. Methods: SD-2007 was given to rats by intravenous injection (4 mg/kg) and oral administration (40 mg/kg). Serum concentrations of SD-2007 and apicidin were determined by LC-MS/MS. All concentrations were analyzed using a population pharmacokinetic model with 9 compartments in S-ADAPT. Results: The area under the curve for apicidin was 96 ± 16 mg·h/ml after 4 mg/kg administered intravenously and 2,455 ± 1,211 mg·h/ml after 40 mg/kg given orally. The population pharmacokinetic model described all profiles well. After oral administration of SD-2007, the median absolute bioavailability of SD-2007 was 6.67% (range 3.83–9.89) and the median apparent bioavailability was 22.3% (range 15.7–35.8) for apicidin, whereas only a median of 8.85% (range 7.57–9.34) of an intravenous SD-2007 dose was converted to apicidin. Conclusions: Oral SD-2007 displayed a substantial presystemic metabolism to active apicidin. The high serum concentrations of apicidin after oral administration of SD-2007 may cause significant HDAC inhibition.
Regulation of the levels of health promoting compounds: lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids in the pulp and peel of mango fruit: a review.

There is a demand for feasible methodologies that can increase/maintain the levels of health-promoting phytochemicals in horticultural produce, due to strong evidence that these compounds can reduce risk of chronic diseases. Mango (Mangifera indica L.), ranks fifth among the most cultivated fruit crops in the world, is naturally rich in phytochemicals such as lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids (e.g. gallic acid, chlorogenic acid and vanillic acid). Yet, there is still much scope for up-regulating the levels of these compounds in mango fruit through manipulation of different preharvest and postharvest practices that affect their biosynthesis and degradation. The process of ripening, harvest maturity, physical and chemical elicitor treatments such as low temperature stress, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA) and nitric oxide (NO) and the availability of enzyme cofactors (Mg2+ , Mn2+ and Fe2+ ) required in terpenoid biosynthesis were identified as potential determinants of the concentration of health-promoting compounds in mango fruit. The effectiveness of these preharvest and postharvest approaches in regulating the levels of lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids in the pulp and peel of mango fruit will be discussed. In general spray application of 0.2% iron(II) sulphate (FeSO4 ) 30 days before harvest, harvest at sprung stage, storage of mature green fruit at 5 °C for 12 days prior to ripening, fumigation of mature green fruit with 10-5 mol L-1 and/or 10-4 mol L-1 MeJA for 24 h or 20 and/or 40 µL L-1 NO for 2 h upregulate the levels of lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids in pulp and peel of ripe mango fruit. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Problematic video game use as an emotional coping strategy: Evidence from a sample of MMORPG gamers

Background A positive relationship between problematic gaming and escapism motivation to play video games has been well established, suggesting that problematic gaming may result from attempts to deal with negative emotions. However, to date, no study has examined how emotion dysregulation affects both escapism motives and problematic gaming patterns. Methods Difficulties in emotion regulation, escapism, and problematic involvement with video games were assessed in a sample of 390 World of Warcraft players. A structural equation modeling framework was used to test the hypothesis that escapism mediates the relationship between emotion dysregulation and problematic gaming. Results Statistical analyses showed that difficulties in emotion regulation predicted both escapism motives and problematic gaming, and that escapism partially mediated this relationship. Conclusion Our findings support the view that problematic players are likely to escape in online games as a maladaptive coping strategy for dealing with adverse emotional experiences.
Deep Sequencing of Urinary RNAs for Bladder Cancer Molecular Diagnostics

Purpose: The majority of bladder cancer patients present with localized disease and are managed by transurethral resection. However, the high rate of recurrence necessitates lifetime cystoscopic surveillance. Developing a sensitive and specific urine-based test would significantly improve bladder cancer screening, detection, and surveillance. Experimental Design: RNA-seq was used for biomarker discovery to directly assess the gene expression profile of exfoliated urothelial cells in urine derived from bladder cancer patients (n = 13) and controls (n = 10). Eight bladder cancer specific and 3 reference genes identified by RNA-seq were quantitated by qPCR in a training cohort of 102 urine samples. A diagnostic model based on the training cohort was constructed using multiple logistic regression. The model was further validated in an independent cohort of 101 urines. Results: A total of 418 genes were found to be differentially expressed between bladder cancer and controls. Validation of a subset of these genes was used to construct an equation for computing a probability of bladder cancer score (PBC) based on expression of three markers (ROBO1, WNT5A, and CDC42BPB). Setting PBC = 0.45 as the cutoff for a positive test, urine testing using the three-marker panel had overall 88% sensitivity and 92% specificity in the training cohort. The accuracy of the three-marker panel in the independent validation cohort yielded an AUC of 0.87 and overall 83% sensitivity and 89% specificity. Conclusions: Urine-based molecular diagnostics using this three-marker signature could provide a valuable adjunct to cystoscopy and may lead to a reduction of unnecessary procedures for bladder cancer diagnosis. Clin Cancer Res; 23(14); 3700–10. ©2017 AACR.
When Gratitude Evokes Indebtedness.

BACKGROUND Research in the US found that gratitude increases happiness. We conducted three studies to examine whether gratitude increases happiness among Koreans, as well. METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to a gratitude or a control condition in Studies 1 and 2, and into a gratitude toward someone important or a gratitude toward own health condition in Study 3. Their moods were then measured. RESULTS Gratitude writing marginally significantly evoked indebtedness among Korean students (Study 1, N = 336) but not among American students (Study 2, N = 219). Equally important, even among Americans, those who wrote about their gratitude toward someone important reported feeling indebtedness marginally more than those who wrote about their gratitude toward something or someone not that important. In Study 3 (N = 181), American participants, randomly assigned to write about their gratitude toward someone important, reported not only more gratitude but also more indebtedness than those assigned to write about their gratitude toward their own health. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these studies suggest that gratitude evokes indebtedness when gratitude is about someone important.
Broad spectrum antimicrobial activity of melimine covalently bound to contact lenses.

PURPOSE To develop a stable antimicrobial contact lens, which is effective against the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) panel microorganisms, Acanthamoeba castellanii and drug resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS Melimine was covalently incorporated into etafilcon A lenses. The amount of peptide present on the lens surface was quantified using amino acid analysis. After coating, the heat stability (121°C), lens surface hydrophobicity (by captive bubble), and in vitro cytotoxicity to mouse L929 cells of the lenses were investigated. Antimicrobial activity against the micro-organisms was evaluated by viable plate count and fluorescence microscopy, measuring the proportion of cell death compared with control lenses with no melimine. RESULTS The most effective concentration was determined to be 152 ± 44 μg lens(-1) melimine on the lens surface. After coating, lenses were relatively hydrophilic and were nontoxic to mammalian cells. The activity remained high after autoclaving (e.g., 3.1, 3.9, 1.2, and 1.0 log inhibition against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, A. castellanii, and Fusarium solani, respectively). Fluorescence microscopy confirmed significantly reduced (P < 0.001) adhesion of viable bacteria to melimine contact lenses. Viable count confirmed that lenses were active against all the bacteria and fungi from the ISO panel, Acanthamoeba and gave at least 2 log inhibition against all the multidrug resistant S. aureus and P. aeruginosa strains. CONCLUSIONS Melimine may offer excellent potential for development as a broad spectrum antimicrobial coating for contact lenses, showing activity against all the bacterial and fungal ISO panel microorganisms, Acanthamoeba, and antibiotic resistant strains of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.
Similarity, multiple estimations, and the anchoring effect

Abstract This paper compares the Selective Accessibility and Scale Distortion theories of anchoring as explanations for anchoring tasks involving (1) perceived dissimilarity between comparison and estimation objects and (2) successive estimation tasks. We begin by describing the two theories of anchoring and what each would predict for these conditions. Two studies are presented in which multiple estimates are made following a single comparison task and the effect sizes of these estimates are correlated to operationalizations of similarity. In the first study, the stimuli varied with respect to how well they fit within an existing category reasonably familiar to the participant population: aircraft. In the second study, the stimuli varied with respect to external features that did not define the category: the brand and location of hotels. In both studies, we find that the anchoring effect size has a positive correlation with the semantic similarity between the comparison and estimation objects, a finding consistent with Selective Accessibility.
Effect of Electroencephalography-Guided Anesthetic Administration on Postoperative Delirium Among Older Adults Undergoing Major Surgery: The ENGAGES Randomized Clinical Trial

Importance Intraoperative electroencephalogram (EEG) waveform suppression, often suggesting excessive general anesthesia, has been associated with postoperative delirium. Objective To assess whether EEG-guided anesthetic administration decreases the incidence of postoperative delirium. Design, Setting, and Participants Randomized clinical trial of 1232 adults aged 60 years and older undergoing major surgery and receiving general anesthesia at Barnes-Jewish Hospital in St Louis. Recruitment was from January 2015 to May 2018, with follow-up until July 2018. Interventions Patients were randomized 1:1 (stratified by cardiac vs noncardiac surgery and positive vs negative recent fall history) to receive EEG-guided anesthetic administration (n = 614) or usual anesthetic care (n = 618). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was incident delirium during postoperative days 1 through 5. Intraoperative measures included anesthetic concentration, EEG suppression, and hypotension. Adverse events included undesirable intraoperative movement, intraoperative awareness with recall, postoperative nausea and vomiting, medical complications, and death. Results Of the 1232 randomized patients (median age, 69 years [range, 60 to 95]; 563 women [45.7%]), 1213 (98.5%) were assessed for the primary outcome. Delirium during postoperative days 1 to 5 occurred in 157 of 604 patients (26.0%) in the guided group and 140 of 609 patients (23.0%) in the usual care group (difference, 3.0% [95% CI, −2.0% to 8.0%]; P = .22). Median end-tidal volatile anesthetic concentration was significantly lower in the guided group than the usual care group (0.69 vs 0.80 minimum alveolar concentration; difference, −0.11 [95% CI, −0.13 to −0.10), and median cumulative time with EEG suppression was significantly less (7 vs 13 minutes; difference, −6.0 [95% CI, −9.9 to −2.1]). There was no significant difference between groups in the median cumulative time with mean arterial pressure below 60 mm Hg (7 vs 7 minutes; difference, 0.0 [95% CI, −1.7 to 1.7]). Undesirable movement occurred in 137 patients (22.3%) in the guided and 95 (15.4%) in the usual care group. No patients reported intraoperative awareness. Postoperative nausea and vomiting was reported in 48 patients (7.8%) in the guided and 55 patients (8.9%) in the usual care group. Serious adverse events were reported in 124 patients (20.2%) in the guided and 130 (21.0%) in the usual care group. Within 30 days of surgery, 4 patients (0.65%) in the guided group and 19 (3.07%) in the usual care group died. Conclusions and Relevance Among older adults undergoing major surgery, EEG-guided anesthetic administration, compared with usual care, did not decrease the incidence of postoperative delirium. This finding does not support the use of EEG-guided anesthetic administration for this indication. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02241655
Trace elements removal ability and antioxidant activity of Phragmites australis (from Algeria)

Abstract In this study, roots, stems and leaves of the worldwide distributed macrophyte Phragmites australis (common reed) were tested as potential removal and biomonitors of trace elements contamination in sediment. In particular, the concentrations (100, 200, and 500 mg/kg) of the following elements were analyzed: Zn, Cu, Pb, and Fe. Results showed that the amount of concentrations in plant tissues is significantly (p ≤ 0.01) dependent on the kind of organ and element. Trace element concentrations decreased according to the pattern of Fea (Rootsa > Stemsb > Leavesb) > Znb (Roota > Leavesb > Stemsc) > Cuc (Rootsa > Leavesb > Stemsc) > Pbc (Rootsa > Stemsb > Leavesc), as well as the roots acted as the main centers of bioaccumulation for all elements studied, and stems as the transit organs for translocation from roots to leaves. The major mechanisms employed by the plant were probably phytostabilization on the basis of the calculated Biological Concentration Factor (BCF – metal concentration ratio of plant root to soil); and Translocation Factor (TF – metal concentration ratio of plants roots to above ground part). Finally, due to the low scavenger effect of the radical DPPH, we excluded the hypothesis of the use of antioxidant mechanism in the tolerance of metals.
One size does not fit all: Examining ethnicity in gestational weight gain guidelines

Abstract Pregnancy-related metrics vary by race/ethnicity, yet most gestational weight gain (GWG) guidelines are ethnicity-blind. We estimated small-for-gestational age (SGA) risk in a Japanese population, examining GWG adequacy categorized by Institute of Medicine (IOM) and Japanese guidelines in male (N = 192) and female (N = 191) full-term singleton infants. For predicting SGA, IOM guidelines had high sensitivity ( ≥ 0.75), but low specificity ( ≤ 0.25); Japanese guidelines had high specificity ( ≥ 0.80) but low sensitivity ( ≤ 0.50). GWG guidelines’ implicit notions of Caucasian–Americans as optimal may lead to ‘One Size Fits All’ recommendations that can obscure important biocultural factors contributing to maternal child health outcomes.
Functional characterization of a novel CSF1R mutation causing hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids

Colony‐stimulating factor 1 receptor is a tyrosine kinase transmembrane protein that mediates proliferation, differentiation, and survival of monocytes/macrophages and microglia. CSF1R gene mutations cause hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids (HDLS), an autosomal‐dominantly inherited microgliopathy, leading to early onset dementia with high lethality.