Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Products for Monitoring and Control of Road-Based Logistics

This paper presents a new architecture of an intelligent information system for monitoring and control of road-based logistics. The typical business of road-based logistic companies is to transport goods from a certain source to a certain destination by the use of trucks. During the actual transportation of goods, small disturbances such as delays or wrongly loaded goods can prevent the original plan from being executed as intended. Some of the main problems caused by these disturbances, and how they are currently dealt with, are investigated in a medium-sized logistics company. Typically, traditional planning and control systems have difficulties handling these kinds of problems effectively. However, recent technological developments, such as intelligent products, enable new solutions in the field of information systems. Therefore, a new system architecture is proposed here to tackle the outlined problems. The system is designed to detect local disturbances in real-time, and solutions to problems caused by these disturbances can be presented to the users directly. This approach is validated through an evaluation method based on real-life descriptive scenarios.
Generalized 4-Points Congruent Sets for 3D Registration

The 4-Points Congruent Sets (4PCS) algorithm is a state-of-the-art RANSAC-based algorithm for registering two partially overlapping 3D point sets using raw points. Unlike other RANSAC-based algorithms, which try to achieve registration by searching for matching 3-point bases, it uses a base of two coplanar pairs of points to reduce the search space matching bases. In this work, we first generalize the algorithm by allowing the two pairs to fall on two different planes which have an arbitrary distance, i.e. Degree of separation, between them. Furthermore, we show that increasing the degree of separation exponentially decreases the search space of matching bases. Using this property, we show that using the new generalized base allows for more efficient registration than the original 4PCS base type. We achieve a maximum run-time improvement of 83.10% for 3D registration.
Erythropoietin increases bioavailability of tetrahydrobiopterin and protects cerebral microvasculature against oxidative stress induced by eNOS uncoupling

This study was designed to determine whether treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) could protect cerebral microvasculature against the pathological consequences of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase uncoupling. Wild‐type and GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH‐I)‐deficient hph1 mice were administered EPO (1000 U/kg/day, s.c., 3 days). Cerebral microvessels of hph1 mice demonstrated reduced tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) bioavailability, increased production of superoxide anions and impaired endothelial NO signaling. Treatment of hph1 mice with EPO attenuated the levels of 7,8‐dihydrobiopterin, the oxidized product of BH4, and significantly increased the ratio of BH4 to 7,8‐dihydrobiopterin. Moreover, EPO decreased the levels of superoxide anions and increased NO bioavailability in cerebral microvessels of hph1 mice. Attenuated oxidation of BH4 and inhibition of endothelial NO synthase uncoupling were explained by the increased expression of antioxidant proteins, manganese superoxide dismutase, and catalase. The protective effects of EPO observed in cerebral microvessels of hph1 mice were also observed in GTPCH‐I siRNA‐treated human brain microvascular endothelial cells exposed to EPO (1 U/mL or 10 U/mL; 3 days). Our results suggest that EPO might protect the neurovascular unit against oxidative stress by restoring bioavailability of BH4 and endothelial NO in the cerebral microvascular endothelium.
Age-related cognitive decline as a function of daytime testing

ABSTRACT The current study investigates the effects of age, cognitive load, optimal time-of-day testing, and irrelevant background noise suppression on mental processing. One hundred and seventy-eight young (M = 22.97 years) and 114 old adults (M = 56.38 years) were assessed for implicit learning and speed of information processing under irrelevant sound interference early during daytime (7AM–2.30PM) or in the afternoons (3PM–midnight). No direct effect of irrelevant speech effect was found on implicit learning. An optimal time of testing per age group was identified according to the ability to suppress irrelevant auditory information. If no semantic meaning was derived from the sound conditions, irrelevant sound was easily inhibited leaving no room for declined cognitive performance. This suggests an intact phonological inhibition in older adults and a further circumvention of the phonological loop. However, when difficulty was increased, a widened performance gap between young and old people could be observed. Education modulated difficult performance irrespective of age. With increasing age, task demand fulfillment becomes a function of a limited time mechanism. If extraneous time is not adapted to cognitive skills and performance, higher order processing cannot be reached, rendering older adults slower than their younger counterparts.
Radiographic findings and prognosis of simple bone cysts of the jaws.

OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the possibility of radiographic prediction of the prognosis of simple bone cysts (SBCs) of the jaws. METHODS The relationship between the radiographic findings and treatment outcome (healing or recurrence) was investigated in 31 cases treated in the authors' hospital and 108 published cases. RESULTS In 17 of our 31 cases, the lesions had radiographic findings of a preserved lamina dura adjacent to the lesion, with a smooth margin, and no or smooth bone expansion, and all of them healed after surgery. In the other 14 cases, there was resorption of the lamina dura, a scalloped margin, nodular bone expansion, root resorption, a sclerotic mass or multiple cavities, and nine cases of recurrence. Although there was incomplete information in the published case studies, similar results were noted. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that there was a relationship between the radiographic features of the lesions and prognosis. Radiographic examination should be used not only for discovering and diagnosing the lesions, but also for predicting possible prognosis.
The Rules of Beeping: Exchanging Messages Via Intentional "Missed Calls" on Mobile Phones

This article explores the practice of "beeping" or "missed calling" between mobile phone users, or calling a number and hanging up before the mobile's owner can pick up the call. Most beeps are requests to call back immediately, but they can also send a pre-negotiated instrumental message such as "pick me up now" or a relational sign, such as "I'm thinking of you. " The practice itself is old, with roots in landline behaviors, but it has grown tremendously, particularly in the developing world. Based on interviews with small business owners and university students in Rwanda, the article identifies three kinds of beeps callback, pre-negotiated instrumental, and relational and the norms governing their use. It then assesses the significance of the practice using adaptive structuration theory. In concluding, the article contrasts beeping with SMS/text messaging, discusses its implications for increasing access to telecommunications services, and suggests paths for future research.
Applying Text Comprehension and Active Reading Principles to Adaptive Hyperbooks

We show how cognitive and educational research and theory from the areas of text comprehension and "active reading" strategies can be applied to the domain of hypermedia textbooks ("hyperbooks"). We describe our work on the MetaLinks system, which is an authoring tool and web-based server for adaptive hyperbooks. In this paper we describe how findings from text comprehension research are incorporated into MetaLinks design features, and summarize formative studies of students using MetaLinks hyperbooks.
OER adoption: a continuum for practice

Whilst Open Educational Resources (OER) offer opportunities for broadening participation in Higher Education, reducing course development and study costs, and building open collaborative partnerships to improve teaching and learning practices, they have yet to gain significant mainstream traction. Research surrounding open education has focused on adoption at the institutional level, identifying key enablers and barriers to practice, but the practicalities of engagement with open resources are not often addressed.By reviewing existing literature, and studying prior models used to explain OER (re)use, this paper proposes a continuum of use model. The proposed model seeks to acknowledge the complexity of applied knowledge required to fulsomely engage with open education by examining practitioner behaviours and the necessary supporting mechanisms. This conceptual model aims to be of use to both practitioners and also those responsible for designing professional development in an educational setting. Whilst the proposed model is designed for teaching staff use, some discussion is given as to how it could be applied to student learning using open resources as well.ResumenSi bien los recursos educativos abiertos (REA) presentan nuevas opciones para facilitar el acceso a la educación superior, reducir el coste de los estudiosy del desarrollo de los programas docentes y establecer relaciones de colaboración abierta con el fin de mejorar la práctica de la docencia y del aprendizaje, aún les queda mucho camino por recorrer para ganar mayor difusión y aceptación. Las líneas de investigación en torno a la educación abierta se han centrado en su adopción en la esfera institutional, y han identificado los elementos clave que facilitan y los que obstaculizan la práctica educativa; pero a menudo no se tratan las posibilidades de aplicación práctica que supone aprovechar los recursos abiertos.Tras revisar la literatura disponible sobre la materia y estudiar los modelos existentes que se han usado para explicar la (re)utilización de los REA, el presente artículo propone un continuo como modelo de uso. El modelo propuesto quiere dar a conocer la complejidad de los conocimientos aplicados que se requieren para alcanzar una implicación completa en la educación abierta mediante el análisis de las conductas de los profesionales de la docencia y los mecanismos de apoyo que precisan. Este modelo conceptual pretende ser de utilidad tanto para los profesionales de la docencia, así como para aquellos que se encargan de diseñar el desarrollo profesional en cualquier entorno educativo. Aunque el modelo propuesto se ha concebido para ser utilizado por el personal docente, también plantea cómo podría aplicarse en aquellos procesos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes basados en el uso de los recursos abiertos.
Restraint and seclusion: a review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE The author reviewed the literature published since 1972 concerning restraint and seclusion. METHOD The review began with a computerized literature search. Further sources were located through citations from articles identified in the original search. RESULTS The author synthesized the contents of the articles reviewed using the categories of indications and contraindications; rates of seclusion and restraint as well as demographic, clinical, and environmental factors that affect these rates; effects on patients and staff; implementation; and training. CONCLUSIONS The literature on restraint and seclusion supports the following. 1) Seclusion and restraint are basically efficacious in preventing injury and reducing agitation. 2) It is nearly impossible to operate a program for severely symptomatic individuals without some form of seclusion or physical or mechanical restraint. 3) Restraint and seclusion have deleterious physical and psychological effects on patients and staff, and the psychiatric consumer/survivor movement has emphasized these effects. 4) Demographic and clinical factors have limited influence on rates of restraint and seclusion. 5) Local nonclinical factors, such as cultural biases, staff role perceptions, and the attitude of the hospital administration, have a greater influence on rates of restraint and seclusion. 6) Training in prediction and prevention of violence, in self-defense, and in implementation of restraint and/or seclusion is valuable in reducing rates and untoward effects. 7) Studies comparing well-defined training programs have potential usefulness.
Le développement durable en question: analyses économiques autour d'un improbable compromis entre acceptions optimiste et pessimiste du rapport de l'Homme à la Nature

Le concept de developpement durable s’est considerablement popularise depuis la parution du rapport Brundtland il y a presque 25 ans. S’il faut sans doute l’operationnaliser pour le faire entrer dans le quotidien des agents, il reste au fond un concept mou aux origines aussi lointaines que proteiformes. L’objet de cet article est de faire etat de la longue serie de debats sur le rapport de l’homme a la nature en economie : de Malthus aux conceptions faibles et fortes du developpement durable. On verra que si ces debats illustrent l’opposition maintes fois renouvelee entre partis de l’optimisme et du pessimisme, tous ont surtout regulierement fait valoir des arguments senses ou intelligibles, au point de contribuer ensemble a faire progresser l’analyse economique du developpement durable autour de ce que l’on peut desormais concevoir comme deux traditions s’enrichissant in fine l’une de l’autre : l’economie de l’environnement et des ressources naturelles d’un cote, et la plus recente ecologie economique de l’autre.
Classification of cardiomyopathies

For over 50 years, the definition and classification of cardiomyopathies have remained anchored in the concept of ventricular dysfunction and myocardial structural remodelling due to unknown cause. The concept of idiopathic was first challenged in 2006, when the American Heart Association classification subordinated the phenotype to the aetiology. Cardiomyopathies were classified as genetic, acquired, and mixed. In 2008, the European Society of Cardiology proposed a phenotype-driven classification that separated familial (genetic) from non-familial (non-genetic) forms of cardiomyopathy. Both classifications led the way to a precise phenotypic and aetiological description of the disease and moved away from the previously held notion of idiopathic disease. In 2013, the World Heart Federation introduced a descriptive and flexible nosology—the MOGE(S) classification—describing the morpho-functional (M) phenotype of cardiomyopathy, the involvement of additional organs (O), the familial/genetic (G) origin, and the precise description of the (a)etiology including genetic mutation, if applicable (E); reporting of functional status such as American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association stage and New York Heart Association classification (S) was left optional. MOGE(S) is a bridge between the past and the future. It allows description of comprehensive phenotypic data, all genetic and non-genetic causes of cardiomyopathy, and incorporates description of familial clustering in a genetic disease. MOGE(S) is the instrument of precision diagnosis for cardiomyopathies. The addition of the early and unaffected phenotypes to the (M) descriptor outlines the clinical profile of an early affected family member; the examples include non-dilated hypokinetic cardiomyopathy in dilated cardiomyopathy and septal thickness (13–14 mm) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy classes. Finally, in the recently released scientific statement of the American Heart Association on the classification and diagnosis of cardiomyopathy in children the consensus was to use a classification system based on a hierarchy incorporating the required elements of the MOGE(S) classification.
Liver toxicity due to broccoli juice.

A 56-year-old female patient was consulted because of elevated transaminases [alanine aminotransferase was 232 IU/ml (normal range below 40 IU/ml), aspartate aminotransferase was 94 IU/ml (normal range below 40 IU/ml) and g-glutamyltranspeptidase was 194 IU/ml (normal range below 38 IU/ml)]. Alkaline phosphatase, albumin, bilirubin and prothrombin time were normal. Other laboratory tests were within normal ranges.
The Role of Knowledge Management in Innovation

Research on innovation practices reinforces the notion that majority of innovation projects fail systematically due to being managed as raw technology projects. Open forms of innovation where internal and external ideas are leveraged across the organisation are gaining importance over the internal and centralised approach to R&D. India, during the last 15 years, has been spiralling ahead towards ultimate economic success based on its 'knowledge-based talent pool'. Innovation has become a top strategic focus for most Indian companies. Seeing the growing importance of innovation and knowledge management, a need was felt to understand how organisations manage their knowledge capital so as to promote innovation.This paper aims to provide insights into how an organisation manages knowledge through culture, structure, technology and leadership, so as to promote acquisition and application of knowledge which leads to innovation. The study brings out the importance of tacit knowledge embedded in the firm's culture, structure and leadership as a complement to the explicit knowledge embedded in the firm's technology and documents.
FPIN's clinical inquiries. Glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

A systematic review of 63 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared A1C reductions among the five classes of oral agents.1 The studies met the following criteria: study period of at least three months, enrollment of at least 10 subjects, and reported A1C reduction. Two groups of trials-monotherapy head-to-head studies (23 trials) and monotherapy versus placebo studies (31 trials)-were compared. A1C reductions were similar among studies with comparable numbers of subjects and lengths of follow-up (Table 11). Head-to-head trials comparing two or more drugs also showed similar effectiveness for reducing A1C.1
Undetermined Manner of Death

Injury deaths can be grouped into four general categories: accident, honucide, suicide, and undetermined. The present study investigates the use of the "undetermined" category. External cause of death, as well as demographic and other vanables, were abstracted from death certificates of the 386,936 Califomians who died of an injury between 1969 and 1991. Differ ences among the four nianner-of-death groups were examined, and characteristics of the decedent and the injury event were used to predict a classificatton of undetermined. Coroners classified 1.9% of the deaths as undetermined in manner. Deaths of women, Blacks, Asians, and Native Americans; the very young and the middle aged; or those involving poisoning or submersion were most likely to be classified as undetermined. Acknowledging that individual coroner judgment may not be free of bias, these findings can help provide a better estimate of the frequency and the epidemiologtc features of injury deaths that are assigned to the category of undetermined.
Replication of candidates using plasma samples from the combined AddNeuroMed and ARUK / Maudsley BRC dementia case registry at king ’ s health partners cohorts Subjects

A blood-based protein biomarker, or set of protein biomarkers, that could predict onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) would have great utility; potentially clinically, but also for clinical trials and especially in the selection of subjects for preventative trials. We reviewed a comprehensive list of 21 published discovery or panel-based (>100 proteins) blood proteomics studies of AD, which had identified a total of 163 candidate biomarkers. Few putative blood-based protein biomarkers replicate in independent studies but we found that some proteins do appear in multiple studies; for example, four candidate biomarkers are found to associate with AD-related phenotypes in five independent research cohorts in these 21 studies: -1-antitrypsin, -2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein E, and complement C3. Using SomaLogic’s SOMAscan proteomics technology, we were able to conduct a large-scale replication study for 94 of the 163 candidate biomarkers from these 21 published studies in plasma samples from 677 subjects from the AddNeuroMed (ANM) and the Alzheimer’s Research UK/Maudsley BRC Dementia Case Registry at King’s Health Partners (ARUK/DCR) research cohorts. Nine of the 94 previously reported candidates were found to associate with AD-related phenotypes (False Discovery Rate (FDR) q-value < 0.1). These proteins show sufficient replication to be considered for further investigation as a biomarker set. Overall, we show that there are some signs of a replicable signal in the range of proteins identified in previous studies and we are able to further replicate some of these. This suggests that AD pathology does affect the blood proteome with some consistency.
Strategic Aspects of Reaction Time in World-Class Sprinters

Simple reaction time (RT) is defined as the time duration following the initiation of a stimulus and the resultant first observable response. For sprinters, RT to a start should be especially important, as this may determine the outcome of the race. The aim of this study was to investigate whether sprinters (from 100 to 400 m) try to anticipate the starter's shot within the false start limit (100 msec. after the shot). Subjects were male sprinters who have reached the final of a sprint event in World Championships or Olympic Games. Analysis indicated that RT to the starting shot plays a role in the eight finalists' strategy throughout an event (requiring a total of four sprints). Four characteristics of the strategic aspects of RT were found: (i) Increased mean RT from short dashes to longer sprints (from 60 m indoor, to 100 m, 200 m, and 400 m); (ii) RT values increase as a function of race length, i.e., the RT of the first sprinter in a 4 × 100-m relay is no different from that of a 400-m sprinter; conversely, RT of the first relay sprinter in a 4 × 400-m, i.e., a 1600-m race, is significantly different from RT in a 400-m race; (iii) RT decreases from the heats to the final for the eight finalists; (iv) Decreased RT is not observable in less experienced sprinters through the qualifying rounds (junior 18- or 19-yr.-old sprinters, taking part in their own World Championships). RT must be considered a skill dependent upon experience and learning and is associated with race length. The shorter the race, the more important the RT is for the final performance (both time and place), so sprinters try to decrease RT in the shorter dashes (60 m and 100 m). In the longer sprint races (4 × 400-m relay) they are content to respond to the shot. Intermediate distance races elicit intermediate values of RT. Such behavior could be explained by the importance of RT throughout the factors which influence sprint performance and by reference to allocation of concentration resources and expenditure.