Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Incorporation of Leaf Biomass of Coronopus didymus on Management of Basal Rot Disease of Onion and its Physiology

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes basal rot disease of onion (Allium cepa L.) resulting in significant yield losses of the crop. The present study was conducted to assess the disease management potential of Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm. , and its effect on onion plant physiology. In laboratory bioassays, different concentrations ranging from 1% to 7% of methanolic extracts of leaves, stems and roots of C. didymus reduced fungal biomass by 60–84%, 51–85% and 73–87%, respectively. In a pot trial, dry leaf biomass of C. didymus was mixed in the soil at 1%, 2% and 3% in combination with F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae and their effect on disease development, plant growth and various physiological parameters was studied in comparison with a negative control (without any addition of pathogen or plant material) and a positive control inoculated only with the fungus. The highest disease incidence (47%) was recorded in positive control. Application of 2% and 3% dry leaf biomass of C. didymus as soil amendment significantly reduced disease incidence to 13% and 3%, respectively. Similarly, plant mortality was reduced to 0% due to 2% as well 3% dry leaf biomass treatments. The highest chlorophyll, sugar and protein content were recorded in treatment where F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae was inoculated with 1% dry leaf biomass incorporation. On the other hand, the highest phenolic content and peroxidase activity were recorded due to combined application of the pathogen and 3% dry biomass incorporation. Present study concludes that soil amendment with 2% leaf dry biomass of C. didymus can effectively manage the basal rot of onion without any adverse effect on plant growth. © 2017 Friends Science Publishers
Phenolic compounds, antioxidant properties and antifungal activity of jarilla (Barkleyanthus salicifolius ENT#91;KunthENT#93; H. Rob & Brettell)

Plant biodiversity provides a natural source of several compounds with biological activity, such as antioxidant and antifungal properties; such effects are related with the concentrations of phenols and flavonoids and different organs of the plants. In this research, aqueous (W) and 70% ethanol (Et70) extracts from flowers (F), leaves (L), stems (S) and roots (R) of Barkleyanthus salicifolius (Kunth) H. Rob. & Brettell were used to test antioxidant and antifungal activities and also the total concentration of phenols and flavonoids were analyzed; and types of phenolic acids and flavonoids were determined for each plant organ extract by HPLC. The Et70 enhance the extraction process of phenols and flavonoids, also showed higher antifungal and antioxidant activities. The obtained extract of the Et70 × F interaction showed the higher concentration of total phenols (57.90 mg GAE), flavonoids (91.03 mg QE) and antioxidant activity (285.07 Μm Trolox) per gram of dry extract. In addition, this extract shows an antifungal inhibition interval of 66.17% (Fusarium oxysporum) to 92.89% (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). The phenol ferulic acid (35.57 mg g-1) and the flavonoid naringenina (206.60 mg g-1) were the compounds with the highest values founded in Et70-R, both of them compounds had been tested against fungal pathogens. Data indicate that antifungal and antioxidant activities are in function of phenolic acids and flavonoids concentration, as well as solvent used to extraction. Therefore, B. salicifolius species growing on wild form have the ability of accumulate several compounds with biological activity.
New mechanisms of DELLA protein regulation and activity in Arabidopsis

La realizacion de esta Tesis Doctoral ha sido posible gracias a un contrato predoctoral para la formacion de doctores (BES-2014-068868) y a la ayuda a la movilidad predoctoral para la realizacion de estancias breves (EEBB-I-16-11070) del Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, y a una beca EMBO Short-Term (number 8047).
Determinants of Thai Baht Exchange Rate and Asian Currencies Exchange Rate

The study hypothesises that the exchange rate is a random walk series. Besides, the study incorporates main macroeconomic factors as a structural exchange rate determination. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is applied in the model estimation for Thai baht. Moreover, the panel data model of the Asian exchange rate is estimated and analysed. The exchange rate of Thai baht is found to be a random walk process. The long-run equilibrium of the estimated cointegrating relation indicates all coefficients of the determining factors are statistically significant. An increase in the real interest rate and the foreign reserve has significant appreciation effects on the Thai baht. An increase in the income per capita has a significant depreciation effect on the Thai baht. External debt causes a depreciation in the Thai baht. The most substantial impact on the value of Thai baht is the income per capita. It follows by the foreign reserve, the real interest rate, and the external debt, respectively. During 2017 and 2018, the estimated exchange rate is appreciated by 4.21 per cent that is close to the actual appreciated value. The estimated Asian model is found consistent with the model of the Thai baht. The highest impact on the local Asian currencies is the income per capita. It follows by the foreign reserve and the real interest rate, respectively, with both quite close by their sizes. However, the foreign reserve has a more appreciated influence than that of the real interest rate for Thai baht.
Short-term UV-B radiation effects on morphology, physiological traits and accumulation of bioactive compounds in Prunella vulgaris L.

ABSTRACT Prunella vulgaris plants (full-bloom stage) were subjected to short-term (15 days) UV-B radiation in a growth chamber. UV-B radiation was effective at enhancing morphological and biomass characteristics and decreasing chlorophyll contents of P. vulgaris. Treatment of P. vulgaris with artificial UV-B radiation significantly increased peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities compared to the control treatment. UV-B radiation significantly increased the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline in leaves of P. vulgaris compared to those of control plants. In addition, the contents of total flavonoids, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid and hyperoside significantly increased under UV-B radiation. The total phenolic levels also increased under UV-B treatment. These results demonstrated that short-term UV-B radiation can enhance production of secondary metabolites in P. vulgaris, resulting in increased spica yield compared to that of control plants.
Optimización de arquitecturas distribuidas para el procesado de datos masivos

The use of systems for the efficient treatment of large data volumes has grown in popularity during the last few years. This has led to the development of new technologies, methods and algorithms to efficiently use of infrastructures. The Big Data treatment is not exempt from numerous problems and challenges, some of which will be attempted to improve. Within the existing possibilities, we must take into account the evolution that systems have had during the last years and the improvement that exists in each one. The first system of study, the Grid, constitutes an initial approach of massive distributed processing and represents one of the first treatment systems of big data sets. By researching in the modernization of the data access mechanisms, the advance of the treatments carried out in current genomics is facilitated. The studies presented are centred on the Burrows-Wheeler Transform, which is already known in genomic analysis for its ability to improve alignment times of short polynucleotids chains. This time, the update is enhanced by reducing remote accesses by using an intermediate cache system that optimizes its execution in an already consolidated Grid system. This cache is implemented as a GFAL standard file access library complement used in IberGrid infrastructure. In a second step, data processing in Big Data architectures is considered. Improvements are made in both the Lambda and Kappa architectures searching for methods to process large volumes of multimedia information. For the Lambda architecture, Apache Hadoop is used as the main processing technology, while for the Kappa architecture, Apache Storm is used as a real time distributed computing system. In both architectures the use scope is extended and the execution is optimized applying algorithms that improve problems for each technology. The last step is focused on the data volume problem, which allows the improvement of the microservices architecture. The total number of nodes running in a processing system provides a measure for the capacity of processing large data volumes. This way, the ability to increase and decrease capacity allows optimal governance. By proposing a bio-inspired system, a dynamic and distributed self-scaling method is provided improving common methods when facing unpredictable workloads. The three key magnitudes of Big Data, also known as V’s, will be represented and improved: speed, enriching data access systems by reducing search processing times in bioinformatic Grid systems; variety, using multimedia data less used than tabular data; and finally, volume, increasing self-scaling capabilities using software containers and bio-inspired algorithms.
The Genetic Architecture of Complex Traits in Yeast

Many phenotypes of biological, medical, and agricultural relevance display continuous variation and complex genetic inheritance. Mapping the genetic basis of traits that are influenced by environmental factors and multiple genetic loci has been notoriously difficult. Controlled crosses in model organisms can help elucidate general principles that govern the genetic basis of trait variation. In this thesis, we use a cross between two strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to accurately estimate different sources of heritable variation for 46 quantitative traits and to detect underlying loci with high statistical power. We find that the detected loci explain nearly the entire additive contribution to heritable variation for the traits studied. We also show that the contribution to heritability of gene-gene interactions varies among traits, from near zero to approximately 50%. Detected two-locus interactions explain only a minority of this contribution. Next, we describe theoretical work demonstrating the limits of association mapping in yeast, and various crossing strategies to overcome these limits. We demonstrate that the joint analysis of 17 crosses, covering the yeast species diversity, is highly powered to detect genetic variants underlying phenotypic variation and will provide gene-level or higher mapping resolution for all but the smallest effect QTL. Finally, we present a quantitative comparison of short read based RNA quantification to 2-channel expression microarrays and quantitative PCR assays. We characterize the weaknesses of short read RNA quantification for low-abundance transcripts and the prospects for using RNA-seq to quantify transcript abundance in large yeast segregant populations.
Simulated Microgravity and Radiation Exposure Effects on the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis

Simulated Microgravity and Radiation Exposure Effects on the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis. (August 2011) Michael Parker Wiggs, B.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. James Fluckey Long duration spaceflight missions out of lower earth orbit, back to the lunar surface, or possibly to Mars highlight the importance of preserving muscle mass and function. Muscle atrophy occurs within days of exposure to microgravity and prevailing thought is that a primary mechanism for muscle atrophy is a reduction in skeletal muscle protein synthesis. This dissertation examines the ability of skeletal muscle to recover muscle protein synthesis with slight perturbation, such as ambulatory reloading during disuse as well as partial loading, similar to body mass seen on the moon or Mars. We use traditional precursor-product labeling to measure protein synthesis, but use a relatively novel tracer, deuterium oxide, in order to make cumulative measures of protein synthesis over 24 h. The overarching goal of this dissertation is to define the response of skeletal muscle protein synthesis to different loading parameters in order to better understand the contribution of protein synthesis to skeletal muscle mass during disuse. In the first study, we demonstrate that muscle atrophy during 5 days of hindlimb unloading is in part due to a decrease in protein synthesis. We also highlight the ability of skeletal muscle to adapt by allowing two 1 h ambulatory reloading sessions on days 2
Proposed Strategy for Pharmaceutical Industry (Case Study: PT Bio Farma Persero)

DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020. 5.5. 457 Vol 5 | Issue 5 | September 2020 1 Abstract — PT Bio Farma (Persero) is a state-owned company that runs its business in the pharmaceutical industry, namely Vaccines and Anti-Sera products, so it has an important role to play in improving the quality of life in Indonesia. In addition, Bio Farma already has the capability to export its products because it already has WHO pre-qualifications. PT Bio Farma (Persero) in distributing its products has two market sectors, namely the domestic and international sectors. In running its business, the company has several busines issue, namely Halal Product Regulation, High Rate of Raw Materials, Declining of Export Sales, Polio Eradication, and Global Covid Outbreak. To analyze the internal condition, it used PESTEL analysis, Porter Five Forces and Competitor Analysis. To analyze the external condition, it used Resource Analysis and Value Chain Analysis are used. From all of these analyzes, a SWOT Analysis will be obtained to formulate the right strategy, and to propose Corporate, Business, and Functional Strategies that can be carried out by the company. The right corporate strategy is the Diversification Strategy, this strategy aims to develop the company's products and markets to increase its competitiveness. Meanwhile, the right Business Strategy is Integrated Cost Leadership/Differentiation, this strategy aims to provide unique value to the company's products and create value chain efficiency.
Simplified seismic loss assessment for optimal structural retrofit of RC buildings

This study deals with selecting optimal seismic retrofit solutions for reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. To this aim, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is implemented explicitly considering earthquake-induced economic loss as a decision criterion. Fragility (i.e. likelihood of damage levels vs intensity measure (IM) levels) and vulnerability (i.e. likelihood of loss levels vs IM levels) relationships are derived by using three increasingly refined analysis methods: Simple Lateral Mechanism Analysis; numerical pushover; time-history analysis. A seismically deficient RC school index building, with construction details typical of developing countries, is used for illustrative purposes. Concrete jacketing, addition of concrete walls, and addition of steel braces are the considered retrofit alternatives. Intensity-based expected loss and expected annual loss are adopted in the MCDM, among other criteria, independently derived with the three analysis methods. It is shown that, given the adopted loss-analysis methodology, the ranking of the retrofit alternatives is insensitive to both analysis methods and loss metrics, even when the weight for the seismic loss criterion is high. These findings suggest that simplified methods can be effectively employed in the conceptual/preliminary design of retrofit alternatives.
Colorimetric detection of creatinine using its specific binding peptides and gold nanoparticles

Creatinine in serum and urine is an established biochemical marker for monitoring chronic kidney disease. Moreover, peptides possess unique attributes, such as a low molecular weight and the ease of synthesis and modification, which render them suitable for the recognition of creatinine. In this study, we obtained three kinds of peptides with specific affinities to creatinine by using the phage display technology. Further, a new method was developed for the selective detection of creatinine by combining gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and peptide probes; consequently, a creatinine complex was formed. This novel assay is based on the distance-dependent optical properties of GNPs. Due to the aggregation or dissociation of GNPs, the concentration of creatinine can be detected by visually monitoring the purple-red changes or using a UV-visible spectrometer. The proposed method was successfully employed for analyzing the creatinine content in human urine. The unique synergistic coordination between GNPs and peptides improves the selectivity and specificity for the creatinine detection. Furthermore, we believe that the proposed method can be utilized for the colorimetric detection of other biomolecules.
Selective Recovery of Tellurium from the Tellurium-Bearing Sodium Carbonate Slag by Sodium Sulfide Leaching Followed by Cyclone Electrowinning

The rigorous environmental requirements promote the development of new processes with short and clean technical routes for recycling tellurium from tellurium-bearing sodium carbonate slag. In this paper, a novel process for selective recovery of tellurium from the sodium carbonate slag by sodium sulfide leaching, followed by cyclone electrowinning, was proposed. 88% of tellurium was selectively extracted in 40 g/L Na2S solution at 50 °C for 60 min with a liquid to solid ratio of 8:1 mL/g, while antimony, lead and bismuth were enriched in the leaching residue. Tellurium in the leach liquor was efficiently electrodeposited by cyclone electrowinning without purification. The effects of current density, temperature and flow rate of the electrolyte on current efficiency, tellurium recovery, cell voltage, energy consumption, surface morphology, and crystallographic orientations were systematically investigated. 91.81% of current efficiency and 95.47% of tellurium recovery were achieved at current density of 80 A/m2, electrolyte temperature of 45 °C and electrolyte flow rate of 400 L/h. The energy consumption was as low as 1.81 kWh/kg. A total of 99.38% purity of compact tellurium deposits were obtained. Therefore, the proposed process may serve as a promising alternative for recovering tellurium from tellurium-bearing sodium carbonate slag.
Investigation and subsequent manipulation of theintestinal microbiota of pigs, with a view tooptimising feed efficiency

The objectives of this thesis were (1) to explore a possible link between the intestinal microbiota and feed efficiency (FE) in pigs and (2) to investigate microbiotamodulating strategies to improve FE. Two studies were conducted in pigs ranked on divergence in residual feed intake (RFI; a metric for FE); one in Ireland only and one across three geographical locations. Microbial diversity, composition and potential functionality were assessed in faecal and digesta samples, using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In both studies, RFI-associated microbes were identified, albeit most at low relative abundance, with increases in bacterial taxa associated with improved metabolism and health found in low RFI (highly efficient) pigs. These bacterial taxa could potentially be exploited in the future as biomarkers for FE, targets for nutritional strategies, or probiotics, to improve FE. However, no FE-associated microbial taxon was common to all geographical locations, highlighting the influence of rearing environment on the intestinal microbiome. Manipulation of the microbiome with a view to improving FE was investigated in two studies. Firstly, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed in pregnant sows and/or their offspring. Although RFI tended to be lower (better FE), slaughter weight was reduced by FMT, and offspring harboured more potentially pathogenic and fewer beneficial microbes. Secondly, inulin was fed to weaner pigs born to sows in the FMT study. No improvements in growth were observed, but RFI was lower in inulin-fed pigs from FMT sows, and decreases in potentially pathogenic microbes were observed. While these findings have negative implications for the use of FMT to improve FE in pigs, they demonstrate the considerable impact of early life intestinal microbiota on pig growth. In conclusion, the work from this thesis demonstrates a possible link between the intestinal microbiota and FE in pigs, but further work is needed to investigate causality.
Multigenerational and Transgenerational Side-Effects of an Insecticide on Eggs of Folsomia candida (Collembola)

ABSTRACT Environmental toxicants such as insecticides are able to provoke epigenetic alterations which can be inherited to future generations. The aim of the current study was to assess whether the insecticide Trebon 10F (containing the active ingredient etofenprox) causes multigenerational and/or transgenerational effects on the egg traits of the collembolan Folsomia candida. The parent generation was kept in soil treated with three concentrations of the insecticide. The hatched offspring from each treatment were divided into two groups and were treated in the same manner as their parents (multigenerational effect), or remained untreated (transgenerational effect). The parents reacted with smaller eggs to the insecticide in a concentration dependent manner. Both multigenerational and transgenerational effects were detected in the offspring generations. While neither the number of eggs nor the ratios of the egg diameters (shortest/longest diameter) changed, the egg size increased as the Trebon 10F concentration increased. This is an indication that parents living under insecticide stress transmit this information to their offspring, who react with higher quality egg production. Such alterations in egg traits may have important consequences on the F. candida population dynamic.
Environmental Factors Affecting the Structural Trials and Biomass of Onobrychis aurea Bioss

AimsRecognizing the environmental factors affecting plants structural trials and biomass is important to conserve plants as well as their ecosystem function, and services. Onobrychis aurea is a valuable forage that is distributed in the marl lands and is considered as an endangered plant species in Iran. In the present study, the ecological characteristics (plant traits) of this species has been investigated in detail.Materials & MethodsFor this purpose, structural traits and biomass of O. aurea were investigated in 12 ecological units with different topographical and soil conditions. Three soil samples were taken to 15cm depth, (0-15cm) in each ecological unit. The relationship between structural traits and species biomass with environmental factors was tested by redundancy analysis (RDA) method in 2016.FindingsThe results indicated that the soil characteristics including clay, lime and silt content play a more important role in the structural and biomass traits of O. aurea evidence show. Spatial and topographical factors, especially elevation and geographical aspects, had a smaller contribution in structural traits and species biomass in comparison with soil factors. Higher structural values were recorded in heavy textured alkaline soils. The slope percentages also have no significant effect on plant characteristics.ConclusionThe present study indicated that the soil and topographic factors are very important for management of O. aurea. In general, it should also be emphasized that having good knowledge related to plant ecology as well as environmental condition could help managers to conserve and rehabilitate endangered plants.