Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding Inflation-Indexed Bond Markets

This paper explores the history of inflation-indexed bond markets in the United States and the United Kingdom. It documents a massive decline in long-term real interest rates from the 1990s until 2008, followed by a sudden spike during the financial crisis of 2008. Breakeven inflation rates, calculated from inflation-indexed and nominal government bond yields, were stable from 2003 until the fall of 2008, when they showed dramatic declines. The paper asks to what extent short-term real interest rates, bond risks, and liquidity explain the trends before 2008 and the unusual developments that followed. Low yields and high short-term volatility of returns do not invalidate the basic case for inflation-indexed bonds, which is that they provide a safe asset for long-term investors. Governments should expect inflation-indexed bonds to be a relatively cheap form of debt financing in the future, even though they have offered high returns over the past decade.
Trust me if you can – neurophysiological insights on the influence of consumer impulsiveness on trustworthiness evaluations in online settings

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how consumer personality trait impulsiveness influences trustworthiness evaluations of online-offers with different trust-assuring and trust-reducing elements by measuring the brain activity of consumers. Shoppers with high degrees of impulsiveness are referred to as hedonic shoppers, and those with low degrees are referred to as prudent consumers. Design/methodology/approach To investigate the differences between neural processes in the brains of hedonic and prudent shoppers during the trustworthiness evaluation of online-offers, the present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and region-of-interest analysis to correlate neural activity patterns with behavioral measures of the study participants. Findings Drawing upon literature reviews on the neural correlates of both trust in online settings and consumer impulsiveness and using an experimental design that links behavioral and fMRI data, the study shows that consumer impulsiveness can exert a significant influence on the evaluation of online-offers. With regard to brain activation, both groups (hedonic and prudent shoppers) exhibit similar neural activation tendencies, but differences exist in the magnitude of activation patterns in brain regions that are closely related to trust and impulsiveness such as the dorsal striatum, anterior cingulate, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the insula cortex. Research limitations/implications The data provide evidence that consumers within the hedonic group evaluate online-offers differently with regard to their trustworthiness compared to the prudent group, and that these differences in evaluation are rooted in neural activation differences in the shoppers’ brains. Practical implications Marketers need to be made aware of the fact that neurological insights can be used for market segmentation, because consumers’ decision-making processes help explain behavioral outcomes (here, trustworthiness evaluations of online-offers). In addition, consumers can learn from an advanced understanding of their brain functions during decision-making and their relation to personal traits such as impulsiveness. Originality/value Considering the importance of trust in online shopping, as well as the fact that personality traits such as impulsiveness influence the purchase process to a high degree, this study is the first to systematically investigate the interplay of online trustworthiness perceptions and differences in consumer impulsiveness with neuroscientific methods.
CLINICAL-HEMATOLOGICAL FEATURES AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANT FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA

1 NMU "Eurasian сenter oncohematology, immunology and therapy" Saint Petersburg, Russia (195197, St. Petersburg, рrospect Polyustrovsky 59, literU),e-mail: baratova@list.ru :"National Register of hematopoietic stem cells Kirghiziа in Saint Petersburg " Saint Petersburg, Russia (195197, St. Petersburg, рrospect Polyustrovsky 59, literU), e-mail: baratova@list.ru, 3 AO " Republican Scientific Center of Emergency Medical Assistance " Astana, Kazakhstan. (010000, Astana, street-Kerey-Janibek handar, 3), e-mail:maksat-7brt@list.ru _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary: The article presents the results of research, which are conducted for the first time among patients MM residents of Kirghizia. And specified features allow at an early stage diseases be suspected important diagnostic features of multiple myeloma (MM): anemia (in the range of 89 to 85g / l), early chronic renal failure high concentrations of creatinine, calcium, of the monoclonal of paraprotein (20% and above) in serum and the pathological plasmatic cells in the bone marrow punctate of (from the 14% and higher). In dynamics observing the said signs are laboratory -diagnostic in markers MM, often among patients кirghiz nationalities and the contributing to factors high risk of disease progression. According to the results of our study in patients MM kirghiz nationalities in 58-62% cases detected IgAmyeloma with manifestations chronic renal failure and most patients with poorer survival. This variant IgA-myeloma with light -chain has a high risk of progression. Patients suffering with multiple myeloma immunochemical variant IgA or A-myeloma is necessary of particular approach and required timely selection vysokodoznom of programs of chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation, or relationship or unrelated transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells in the presence of HLAidentical donor with aim achievements of the maximum effectiveness the treatment.
Hemodynamic Assessment and Monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit: an Overview

Copyright:@ 2014 Dr. Adam C. Adler. This is an Open Access article published and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Received Date: 06 June 2014 Accepted Date: 12 August 2014 Published Date: 14 August 2014 Research Article Enliven: Journal of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
The Adsorption of Poly(Ethylene Glycols) on Clay Minerals

Abstract Poly(ethylene glycols) of molecular weights 200 to 20000 were strongly adsorbed on montmorillonite from aqueous solution. Free energies of adsorption calculated from the adsorption isotherms became more negative with increase in molecular weight and the entropy change became increasingly positive, probably due to a net desorption of water from the clay surface as the organic compound was adsorbed. The adsorption of the higher molecular weight polymers caused an increase in the interlamellar separation. The effect of the exchangeable cation on the adsorption followed the order Cs > Na > Ca > Al, indicating that the cation retained its hydration shell and did not form a direct association with the adsorbed organic molecules. Some evidence was obtained that 'water bridges' were formed between exchangeable calcium an aluminium ions and the ether groups of the polymers.
AN INTERACTIVE STORY MAP

The purpose of this research is the identification, recording, mapping and photographic imaging of the special volcanic geoforms as well as the cultural monuments of the volcanic Methana Peninsula. With the use of novel methods the aim is to reveal and study the impressive topographic features of the Methana geotope and discover its unique geodiversity. The proposed hiking trails along with the Methana’s archaeology and history, will be highlighted through the creation of an ‘intelligent’ interactive map (Story Map). Two field trips have been conducted for the collection of further information and the digital mapping of the younger volcanic flows of Kammeni Chora with drones. Through the compiled data, thematic maps were created depicting the lava flows and the most important points of the individual hiking paths. The thematic maps were created using a Geographic Information System (GIS). Finally, those maps were the basis for the creation of the main Story Map. The decision to use Story Maps was based on the numerous advantages on offer such as user-friendly mapping, ease of use and interaction and user customized displays.
Accessible Electroencephalograms (EEGs): A Comparative Review with OpenBCI’s Ultracortex Mark IV Headset

By evaluating the OpenBCI Ultracortex Mark IV EEG headset’s affordability, accessibility, and accuracy, it can be compared to other commercial- and medical-grade EEGs that have been evaluated previously. Nine participants used the Ultracortex Mark IV for the P300 Speller classification task, with the accuracy being measured along with the time required to set up the Mark IV, the participants’ comfort, and the participants’ perceived ease of setup. These results were then compared to previous evaluations of other EEG headsets. The OpenBCI Ultracortex Mark IV’s cost-effectiveness ratio is relatively low compared to the other EEG systems, and its ease of use and speed of set up are notably better than the other headsets being compared.
New Solution of a Frequency Filter with Reconnection-less Reconfiguration of Its Transfer

This contribution provides a novel solution of a reconnection-less reconfigurable filter based on voltage differencing transconductance amplifiers (VDTAs) and variable gain amplifier (VGA). The structure offers the 2nd-order functions of all pass, band stop, low pass, low pass with transfer zero alongside with the 1st-order high-pass function and direct transfer in dependence on setting of DC voltages. The electronic control of pole frequency and quality factor of the filter is provided. Furthermore, the filter can change its pole frequency while maintaining bandwidth constant. Simulations in Cadence IC6 (spectre) software were performed to verify the design.
Probing the Assembly History of Early − Type Galaxies

Elliptical and S0 galaxies are thought to arise from a complex history of merger events. Since such systems are typically old and largely devoid of gas, the optimal tracer for revealing this merger history is the distributions of their older stellar populations. We propose to obtain extremely deep observations of a complete sample of early−type galaxies within 35 Mpc. The main goal of the survey is to quantify the morphological differences in the stellar populations as a function of environment, from the cores of galaxy clusters to the field. With sensitivity to tidal features and substructures with stellar mass surface densities less than 0.1 Msun/pc^2, this project will complement a similar survey of extended structures in spiral galaxies. Spitzer Space Telescope General Observer Proposal #10007. Principal Investigator: Daniel A. Dale Institution: University of Wyoming Electronic mail: ddale@uwyo.edu Technical Contact: Daniel A. Dale, University of Wyoming Co−Investigators: Liese van Zee, Indiana University Shawn Staudaher, University of Wyoming Kate Barnes, Indiana University Robert Feldmann, University of California at Berkeley Science Category:Extragalactic: nearby galaxies (z<0.05, v_sys<15,000 km/s) Observing Modes: IRAC Post−Cryo Mapping Hours Requested:777.7 Proprietary Period(days): 0 Probing the Assembly History of Early-Type Galaxies, D. Dale et al. 1
Altitude training in endurance running: perceptions of elite athletes and support staff

ABSTRACT This study sought to establish perceptions of elite endurance athletes on the role and worth of altitude training. Elite British endurance runners were surveyed to identify the altitude and hypoxic training methods utilised, along with reasons for use, and any situational, cultural and behaviour factors influencing these. Prior to the 2012 Olympics Games, 39 athletes and 20 support staff (coaches/practitioners) completed an internet-based survey to establish differences between current practices and the accepted “best-practice”. Almost all of the athletes (98%) and support staff (95%) surveyed had utilised altitude and hypoxic training, or had advised it to athletes. 75% of athletes believed altitude and hypoxia to be a “very important” factor in their training regime, with 50% of support staff believing the same. Athletes and support staff were in agreement of the methods of altitude training utilised (i.e. 'hypoxic dose’ and strategy), with camps lasting 3–4 weeks at 1,500–2,500 m being the most popular. Athletes and support staff are utilising altitude and hypoxic training methods in a manner agreeing with research-based suggestions. The survey identified a number of specific challenges and priorities, which could provide scope to optimise future altitude training methods for endurance performance in these elite groups.
Regulation of the meiotic divisions of mammalian oocytes and eggs

Initiated by luteinizing hormone and finalized by the fertilizing sperm, the mammalian oocyte completes its two meiotic divisions. The first division occurs in the mature Graafian follicle during the hours preceding ovulation and culminates in an extreme asymmetric cell division and the segregation of the two pairs of homologous chromosomes. The newly created mature egg rearrests at metaphase of the second meiotic division prior to ovulation and only completes meiosis following a Ca2+ signal initiated by the sperm at gamete fusion. Here, we review the cellular events that govern the passage of the oocyte through meiosis I with a focus on the role of the spindle assembly checkpoint in regulating its timing. In meiosis II, we examine how the egg achieves its arrest and how the fertilization Ca2+ signal allows the initiation of embryo development.
Bosutinib Inhibits EGFR Activation in Head and Neck Cancer

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, and although new therapeutic approaches have been recently evaluated, overall patient survival is still poor. Thus, new effective and selective clinical treatments are urgently needed. An analysis of data from large-scale, high-throughput drug screening cell line projects identified Bosutinib, a Src/Abl inhibitor that is currently used for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia, as a candidate drug to treat HNSCC. Using a panel of HNSCC-derived cell lines, we found that treatment with Bosutinib reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of sensitive cell lines. The drug rapidly inhibited Src and EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) phosphorylation, and sensitivity to Bosutinib was correlated with the activation status of EGFR. Similar findings were observed in in vivo xenograft assays using HNSCC derived cells. Moreover, in the presence of mutations in PIK3CA, the combination of Bosutinib with the PI3Kα inhibitor Alpelisib showed a synergistic effect. These results suggest that Bosutinib could be a new effective drug for the treatment of HNSCC, particularly in tumors with high EGFR activity. Its combination with Alpelisib could especially benefit patients bearing activating mutations of PIK3CA.
Oculomotor behavior during non-visual tasks: The role of visual saliency

Background During visual exploration or free-view, gaze positioning is largely determined by the tendency to maximize visual saliency: more salient locations are more likely to be fixated. However, when visual input is completely irrelevant for performance, such as with non-visual tasks, this saliency maximization strategy may be less advantageous and potentially even disruptive for task-performance. Here, we examined whether visual saliency remains a strong driving force in determining gaze positions even in non-visual tasks. We tested three alternative hypotheses: a) That saliency is disadvantageous for non-visual tasks and therefore gaze would tend to shift away from it and towards non-salient locations; b) That saliency is irrelevant during non-visual tasks and therefore gaze would not be directed towards it but also not away-from it; c) That saliency maximization is a strong behavioral drive that would prevail even during non-visual tasks. Methods Gaze position was monitored as participants performed visual or non-visual tasks while they were presented with complex or simple images. The effect of attentional demands was examined by comparing an easy non-visual task with a more difficult one. Results Exploratory behavior was evident, regardless of task difficulty, even when the task was non-visual and the visual input was entirely irrelevant. The observed exploratory behaviors included a strong tendency to fixate salient locations, central fixation bias and a gradual reduction in saliency for later fixations. These exploratory behaviors were spatially similar to those of an explicit visual exploration task but they were, nevertheless, attenuated. Temporal differences were also found: in the non-visual task there were longer fixations and later first fixations than in the visual task, reflecting slower visual sampling in this task. Conclusion We conclude that in the presence of a rich visual environment, visual exploration is evident even when there is no explicit instruction to explore. Compared to visually motivated tasks, exploration in non-visual tasks follows similar selection mechanisms, but occurs at a lower rate. This is consistent with the view that the non-visual task is the equivalent of a dual-task: it combines the instructed task with an uninstructed, perhaps even mandatory, exploratory behavior.
Social annotation tools in higher education: a preliminary systematic review

This review discusses the evidences in using SA tools in higher education settings. Using a detailed inclusion/exclusion procedure, 71 studies were included. A large number of studies were centred on system design issues and the evaluation of designed tools within education and computer technology classes, with blended learning modality among undergraduates. Findings suggested there was a gradual increase in the frequency of SA-based publications, with Science Direct, Taylor & Francis, and IEEE as the three databases with the most SA publication experiences. Findings were mostly derived from quasi-experiments. Of the four major topics recognised, 'system design and implementation issues' was categorised as the first topic, followed by 'the effectiveness of SA tools on process-oriented measures', 'the effectiveness of SA tools on outcome-oriented measures', and 'the improvement of SA tools and learning design'. Process-oriented and outcome-oriented measures dominating the studies were quantity and quality of annotations and reading performance, respectively.
Learner presence, perception, and learning achievements in augmented–reality–mediated learning environments

ABSTRACT Although research has indicated that augmented reality (AR)–facilitated instruction improves learning performance, further investigation of the usefulness of AR from a psychological perspective has been recommended. Researchers consider presence a major psychological effect when users are immersed in virtual reality environments. However, most research on learner presence has focused on measuring it rather than the factors influencing it. This study explored the relationship between learner perception and presence in an AR-facilitated learning environment. A game-type AR learning process was developed and an experiment was implemented employing a one-group pretest–posttest method. Three sets of research instruments were developed, comprising a learning achievement test, a learner's presence inventory, and a questionnaire on learners’ perception of the AR-mediated environment. A total of 60 validated data samples were collected and statistically analysed. The researchers determined that learner presence closely relates to learning achievement and AR learning perception. These results indicate that a more satisfactory AR perception leads to a higher level of learner presence in the AR environment, thereby resulting in more beneficial learning outcomes.
What are social insects telling us about aging

Research on aging in social insects has progressed much more than has been generally acknowledged. Here I review what I think are the four greatest contributions of social insect work to the field of aging research with the hope of highlighting the truly exciting discoveries being made. These include the reversal of the fecundity / lifespan and size / lifespan trade-offs due to the evolution of sociality, that social environment can reverse the effects of aging, the contribution of social insect work to the overturning of the free radical theory of aging, and the discovery of vitellogenin as an important protein for longevity. All of these discoveries have important ramifications for human and mammalian aging.
A New Alderfly in Baltic Amber (Megaloptera: Sialidae)

Abstract A new species of alderfly (Megaloptera: Sialidae) is described and figured from a rare adult specimen preserved in middle Eocene (Lutetian) Baltic amber. Sialis (Protosialis) voigti, new species, is distinguished from the two other species of Protosialis recorded from Baltic amber. The Megaloptera documented from Baltic amber are briefly overviewed and the geological history of Sialidae summarized.
Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems

The 5th ACM SIGCHI Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems (EICS), 2013, was held at City University London. EICS addresses all aspects relating to the engineering of usable and effective interactive computing systems. The work presented here describes recent innovations in the development of interactive systems. It has a particular focus on tools, techniques and methods for analysis, design and development. EICS brings together researchers and practitioners who engineer interactive systems. The International Program Committee consisted of 35 experts from the field. It selected 20 full papers from 86 submissions and 13 Late Breaking Results out of 28 submissions. To allow a thorough evaluation and appropriate prioritisation of the broad range of submitted papers, the committee met for the first time this year as a physical meeting. We hope that as a result you will find this year's programme particularly interesting and thought provoking. Besides research papers, the EICS 2013 programme also contained three workshops, a tutorial, a doctoral consortium, demonstrations and posters. Three keynote speakers offered different perspectives on engineering interactive computing systems: Ann Blandford, Patrick Healey and Jeffrey Nichols.
Charged colloidal particles in a charged wedge: do they go in or out?

Using real-space microscopy experiments, theory and computer simulation, we study the behaviour of highly charged colloidal particles which are confined between two highly charged plates forming a wedge geometry. Under low salt conditions it is experimentally observed that colloidal particles accumulate in the cusp of a wedge to form dense fluid or crystalline ordered structures. This behaviour is found for various cell geometries, salt concentrations and gravitational strengths, and even stays stable when additional convection is present in the system. An effort is made to understand this effect qualitatively on the basis of linear screening theory. For a single macro-ion, linear screening theory predicts an attractive ‘trapping’ force close to the cusp of the range of the Debye–Hückel screening length. The attractive force diverges logarithmically with decreasing distance of the macro-ion from the wedge cusp, while at large distances the force is repulsive. The results of the linear screening theory are confirmed by computer simulations of the primitive electrolyte model with explicit co- and counterions.