Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Hybrid Cloud Approach For Secure Authorized De-Duplication

: Data de-duplication is one of important data compression techniques for eliminating duplicate copies of repeating data, and has been widely used in cloud storage to reduce the amount of storage space and save bandwidth. To protect the confidentiality of sensitive data while supporting de-duplication, the convergent encryption technique has been proposed to encrypt the data before outsourcing. To better protect data security, this paper makes the first attempt to formally address the problem of authorized data de-duplication. Different from traditional de-duplication systems, the differential privileges of users are further considered in duplicate check besides the data itself. We also present several new de-duplication constructions supporting authorized duplicate check in a hybrid cloud architecture. Security analysis demonstrates that our scheme is secure in terms of the definitions specified in the proposed security model. In this paper, we present a scheme that permits a more fine-grained trade-off. The intuition is that outsourced data may require different levels of protection, depending on how popular it is: content shared by many users, such as a popular song or video, arguably requires less protection than a personal document, the copy of a payslip or the draft of an un-submitted scientific paper. As more corporate and private users outsource their data to cloud storage providers, recent data breach incidents make end-to-end encryption an increasingly prominent requirement. Unfortunately, semantically secure encryption schemes render various cost-effective storage optimization techniques, such as data de-duplication, ineffective. We present a novel idea that differentiates data according to their popularity. Based on this idea, we design an encryption scheme that guarantees semantic security for unpopular data and provides weaker security and better storage and bandwidth benefits for popular data. This way, data de-duplication can be effective for popular data, whilst semantically secure encryption protects unpopular content. We show that our scheme is secure under the Symmetric External Decisional Diffe-Hellman Assumption in the random oracle model.
Rola limfocytów B w mechanizmach patogenezy wybranych chorób The role of B-lymphocytes in the pathomechanism of selected diseases

The role of immune system of healthy person is to defend and maintain the homeostasis on the way of antigen control. One of the main types of cells participating in this process are lymphocytes, which strictly cooperate in the antigens recognition and neutralization. Lymphocytes B product antibodies which are one of the potential pathogen
Using real-time qPCR to evaluate RNAi-mediated gene silencing

39 Protocol Guide | 2010 Introduction Neuroblastoma is a childhood cancer that is derived from precursor cells of the adrenosympathetic system, originating in the adrenal medulla or sympathetic ganglia. To gain insight into the mechanism of action of the MYCN gene in neuroblastoma pathogenesis, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to suppress MYCN expression. The MYCN gene was transiently suppressed using 27-mer siLentMerTM* Dicer-substrate small-interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.), which are generally considered more ef fective at gene silencing than their corresponding traditional 21-mer siRNAs (1). The CFX96TM real-time PCR detection system (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.) was used to monitor silencing efficiency and assess functional effects of RNAi-mediated knockdown of MYCN.
Tidal Modulation of Antarctic Ice Shelf Melting

<p>Tides influence basal melting of individual Antarctic ice shelves, but their net impact on Antarctic-wide ice-ocean interaction has yet to be constrained. Here we quantify the impact of tides on ice shelf melting and the continental shelf seas by means of a 4 km resolution circum-Antarctic ocean model. Activating tides in the model increases the total basal mass loss by 57 Gt/yr (4 %), while decreasing continental shelf temperatures by 0.04 &#176;C, indicating a slightly more efficient conversion of ocean heat into ice shelf melting. Regional variations can be larger, with melt rate modulations exceeding 500 % and temperatures changing by more than 0.5 &#176;C, highlighting the importance of capturing tides for robust modelling of glacier systems and coastal oceans. Tide-induced changes around the Antarctic Peninsula have a dipolar distribution with decreased ocean temperatures and reduced melting towards the Bellingshausen Sea and warming along the continental shelf break on the Weddell Sea side. This warming extends under the Ronne Ice Shelf, which also features one of the highest increases in area-averaged basal melting (128 %) when tides are included. Further, by means of a singular spectrum analysis, we explore the processes that cause variations in melting and its drivers in the boundary layer over periods of up to one month. At most places friction velocity varies at tidal timescales (one day or faster), while thermal driving changes at slower rates (longer than one day). In some key regions under the large cold-water ice shelves, however, thermal driving varies faster than friction velocity and this can not be explained by tidal modulations in boundary layer exchange rates alone. Our results suggest that large scale ocean models aiming to predict accurate ice shelf melt rates will need to explicitly resolve tides. </p>
Supplementary material to "Global warming makes weather in boreal summer more persistent"

Extreme summer weather often has devastating impacts on society when it lasts for many days. Stalling cyclones can lead to flooding and persistent hot-dry conditions can lead to health impacts and harvest losses. Global warming 10 weakens the hemispheric-wide circulation in boreal summer, which has been shown in both observations and models using multiple circulation metrics. Until now, it is still largely unclear what this weakening implies for regional weather conditions, including their persistence. Using an advanced persistence metric, we show that summer weather has become more-persistent over 1979-2019. State-of-the-art climate models reproduce this upward trend in persistence indicating that it can be attributed to greenhouse gas forcing. Our persistence metric accounts for the full state of the atmosphere at any given 15 moment and is strongly rooted in dynamical systems theory. Thereby it is able to detect dynamical changes previously unseen in more widely used clustering analyses that sharply reduce the amount of information used. We show that under future high-emission scenarios, summer weather will become increasingly more-persistent due to a weakening of the circulation. Most of this increase in persistence, and the associated societal risks, is avoided under an emission scenario compatible with the Paris agreement. 20
Short-term interactive effects of increased temperatures and acidification on the 7 calcifying macroalgae

33 Combined effect of acidification and sea warming derived from future conditions 34 of Climate Change have been little investigated in marine photoautotrophs, especially on 35 sensitive organisms such as calcifying macroalgae. The aim of this investigation was to 36 evaluate the interactive effects of acidification and increased temperatures on the two 37 Brazilian calcifying macroalgae Lithothamnion crispatum and Sonderophycus capensis. 38 Both species were cultured for 48 h under: (1) current pH (7.8 ± 0.2) and temperature (18 39 ± 2°C) during winter; (2) future pH (7.4 ± 0.2) and temperature (30 ± 2°C) during 40 summer; (3) current temperature and future pH; and (4) future temperature and current 41
Applying models of care for total hip and knee arthroplasty: External validation of predictive models to identify extended stay prior to lower-limb arthroplasty

Introduction/Aims Multiple screening tools exist for identifying patients at risk of extended stay following lower limb arthroplasty. Use of these models at other hospital sites requires verification of appropriate data coverage and evidence of validity in a new population. The aim of this study was to adapt and assess 1) data compatibility, 2) discrimination, and 3) calibration of three published models for identifying patients at risk of an extended (5+ day) stay, or those likely to stay for the target 3 or fewer days following lower limb arthroplasty. Methods Retrospective study, utilising a randomly selected (N=200 of a total 331 available in the electronic medical record) cohort of lower-limb Total Joint Arthroplasty (TJA) patients, to externally validate an adaptation of predictive tools and regression models published by three independent groups: Winemaker et al (2015), Oldmeadow et al (2003) and Gabriel et al (2018). Electronic medical records of a single, medium-sized public hospital were accessed to extract data required for the models and respective predictive tools, and model characteristics (included predictors, data coding, sample sizes) were modified according to the available data. Results The study cohort comprised 200 patients (60% female) at a median 70yrs of age (IQR 62-75). Approximately 58% received total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and 42% underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA). The two prediction tools and three regression models all required modifications due to data items being unavailable in the electronic records. A modification of the RAPT tool applied to 176 eligible patients resulted in sensitivity of 85.71% (95%CI 71.46-94.57) and poor specificity 32.09% (24.29-40.70), with 68% of short-stay patients classified in the high risk group. Adaptation of the second tool to 85 eligible patients resulted in unreliable estimates of sensitivity due to limited data. The three adapted regression models performed similarly well with regard to discrimination when used to predict patients staying for 5 days or longer (concordance index: Winemaker et al:, 0.79, n=198; Oldmeadow et al: 0.79, n=176), or those staying 3 days or less (Gabriel et al: 0.70, n=199). Estimates of calibration suggested the models were relatively well calibrated (spiegelhalter Z -0.01-0.29, p>0.05), although calibration plots indicated some variation remained unaccounted for, particularly with patients considered at intermediate risk. Conclusion The three resulting regression models performed adequately in terms of discrimination and calibration for identification of patients at risk of an extended stay. However, comparison with published models was hampered by systemic issues with data compatibility. Further evaluation of such models in a specific hospital setting should incorporate improvements in data collection, and establish key thresholds for use in targeting resources to patients in need of greater support.
A dynamic and thermodynamic analysis of the 11 December 2017 tornadic supercell in the Highveld of South Africa

Abstract. On 11 December 2017, a tornadic supercell initiated and moved through the northern Highveld region of South Africa for 7 h. A tornado from this supercell led to extensive damage to infrastructure and caused injury to and displacement of over 1000 people in Vaal Marina, a town located in the extreme south of the Gauteng Province. In this study we conducted an analysis in order to understand the conditions that led to the severity of this supercell, including the formation of a tornado. The dynamics and thermodynamics of two configurations of the Unified Model (UM) were also analysed to assess their performance in predicting this tornadic supercell. It was found that this supercell initiated as part of a cluster of multicellular thunderstorms over a dry line, with three ingredients being important in strengthening and maintaining it for 7 h: significant surface to mid-level vertical shear, an abundance of low-level warm moisture influx from the tropics and Mozambique Channel, and steep mid-level lapse rates. It was also found that the 4.4 km grid spacing configuration of the model (SA4.4) performed better than the 1.5 km grid spacing version. SA1.5 underestimated the low-level warm moisture advection and convergence, and missed the storm initiation. SA4.4 captured the supercell; however, the mid-level vorticity was found to be 1 order of magnitude smaller than that of a typical mesocyclone. A grid length of 4.4 km is too coarse to fully capture the details of a mesocyclone, which may also explain why the model underestimated the surface to mid-level wind shear and low-level horizontal mass and moisture flux convergence. Future investigations will involve experimental research over the Highveld region of South Africa to understand mesoscale and local dynamics processes responsible for tornadogenesis in some severe storms. Such a study, to the best of our knowledge, has never been conducted.
Mean First Passage Time and the Splitting Probability in 2-D Domains with a Cluster of Small Traps

A hybrid asymptotic-numerical method is developed to approximate the mean first passage time and the splitting probability for a Brownian particle in a bounded 2-D domain that contains absorbing disks, referred to as “traps”, of asymptotically small radii. In contrast to previous studies that required traps to be spatially isolated, we show how to readily incorporate the effect of a cluster of closely-spaced traps.
Expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone-receptor (GHR) mRNA in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of different breeds of pig

The work described was carried out to study the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone-receptor (GHR) mRNA in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue from three breeds of pig with varying growth characteristics. The three breeds studied were the Large Wlrite, noted for its lean tissue; the Duroc, characterized by its high intramuscular fat content; and the Meishan × Landrace (0·5 Meishan), noted for its fat, poorly conformed carcass and slower growth rate. The probes used were designed to monitor promoter usage for IGF-1 expression and also expression of the extra-cellular domain of the GHR. Eighteen gilts, six of each breed, were given a barley/wheat diet (158 g crude protein, 10·7 g lysine and 13·9 MJ energy per kg), to appetite, for 1 to 2 weeks until they reached about 85 kg. Samples of liver, longissimu s dorsi (LD) muscle and three adipose tissue depots (subcutaneous (SC), perirenal (PR) and omental (OM)) were collected immediately after slaughter and frozen in liquid nitrogen (total time of sample collection to plunging of sample into liquid nitrogen was Wliite > Meishan, with only class 1 transcripts of IGF-1 being found. GHR expression in LD muscle was lower in White than in the other tivo breeds (P = 0·022). There was a significant difference between the breeds in expression of IGF-1 mRNA (only class 1 transcripts present) in the adipose tissue (P = 0-006), the order being Wliite · Duroc · Meishan, and also a significant depot difference, with expression being highest in the SC depot (P
Supplementary Value of Methionine, Cystine and Choline in a Practical Soybean Oil Meal Starter Ration

Abstract IN A series of papers; Rose and co-workers (1936); Rose (1937); Womack, Kemmerer and Rose (1937); Womack and Rose (1941), presented evidence proving the dispensability of cystine and the indispensability of methionine in the diet of the rat. These workers also showed that cystine is capable of stimulating growth in rats only if the diet is suboptimal in methionine. Their findings indicate that on a cystine deficient diet, body cystine arises from dietary methionine and that on a suboptimal methionine diet, cystine included in the diet has methionine sparing action. That the sulphur of cystine synthesized in the body actually originates from methionine was established by Tarver and Schmidt (1939) and confirmed by Rose and Wood (1941). The relationship between choline, homocystine and methionine was worked out by du Vigneaud et al. (1939) who showed that in the presence of choline, homocystine is capable of replacing methionine in the diet .
Insights into the Petroleum Potential of the Western Philippines from New Regional Seismic Data*

The Pala Sulu long offset 2D seismic survey was acquired in 2011 over the Northwest, Southwest and East Palawan, and Sulu Sea basins and the Mindoro-Cuyo platform of the western Philippines (Figure 1). Although these basins, particularly the Northwest Palawan Basin, are important petroleum-producing areas in the country, they are still very lightly explored and efforts to date have been primarily focused on the OligoMiocene carbonate plays. The 6026 line kilometre Pala Sulu survey ties 25 existing wells and was designed to image the pre-Miocene section and deeper targets, including Paleogene half grabens analogous to those that have been identified as the source of the substantial hydrocarbons encountered to date in the Northwest Palawan Basin (Branson, et. al., 1997). The survey also provides a unique opportunity to create a cohesive tectonic and stratigraphic framework as well as advancing the understanding of the region’s petroleum prospectivity.
Effects of short-term heat shock of eggs on the development and fecundity of Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

It has been hypothesized that the survival, development, fecundity and population of insects are affected significantly by high temperatures. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostell (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a serious and economically important pest of cruciferous crops throughout the word. In this research, the adult longevity and fecundity of P. xylostella were studied in laboratory conditions. After applying heat shock stress, (30, 35 and 40 °C) for 2, 4, 6 and 8h, the experiments were conducted at 25 ± 1 °C, 65 ± 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D)h on Brassica napus. The developmental time of immature stages were significantly affected by heat shock temperatures (30 to 40 °C) compared to the 25 °C (control), but the developmental time of larvae did not differ significantly at 40 °C. The pupal development time differed significantly at heat shock temperatures, which was longest (6.13 ± 0.05 days) at 30 °C for 2h. Heat shock temperature also had significant impact on adult longevity and fecundity of diamondback moth. The longest adult longevity for females and males was determined to be 14.47 ± 1.04 and 11.04±0.95 days respectively at 35 °C for 2h. The fecundity of females fluctuated significantly with increasing temperature stress. Our findings provide useful information on the potential of this insect in response to environmental temperature changes.
Otherware needs Otherness: Understanding and Designing Artificial Counterparts

Most approaches in Human-Computer Interaction follow the ideal of embodied interaction. However, more and more technologies evolve, such as chatbots, smart voice interfaces, and domestic or social robots, that imply a fundamentally different relationship between human and technology. This “otherware” presents itself either incidentally or by design as computational counterpart rather than as embodied extension of the Self. The predominant strategy to design form and interaction with otherware is to mimic humans or animals (i.e., naïve anthropomorphism or zoomorphism). While this strategy has some advantages, we call for exploring an alternative, namely to cultivate the otherness of computational counterparts rather than to mimic existing lifeforms. The workshop will bring together computer scientists, psychologists, designers and artists to speculate on alternative models of interacting with otherware and appropriate forms of otherness. It lays the foundation for a more nuanced perspective on how to design the interaction with computational counterparts besides embodied interaction.
DENOISING OF MRI USING MODIFIED NON LOCAL MEAN FILTER

This paper proposes a modified non local mean algorithm (MNLM) for removal of noise from MRI images and an implementation using the hardware platform Spartan 6 FPGA. The algorithm removes noise and as well preserves image details. The subjective and objective measures are calculated and analysed, which shows clearly the improvement of MNLM algorithm over conventional Non Local Mean (NLM) algorithm. Different quantitative measures related to structure and edge profile such as MSE, PSNR, SSIM and PFOM are proof for the maximum matching between original and denoised image. Algorithm is implemented on a Field Programming Gate Array (FPGA) platform. This implementation is time saving compared with conventional Matlab implementation and parallel processor implementation. Algorithm is also compared with bilateral filter which shows the advantages of proposed algorithm over all conventional algorithms.
CD 200-CD 200 R signaling and diseases : a potential therapeutic target ?

CD200 and its receptor, CD200R, constitutes an endogenous inhibitory signaling, and is being increasingly recognized in studies of various central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Emerging data have demonstrated that neuronal CD200 binds to CD200R to modulate immune responses to pathogenic stimuli. However, on which component of the immune response that CD200-CD200R signaling acts is not well understood. In this review, we focused on cellular expression of the signaling, the effects on immune cell activation, and the function in pathological procedures of neurodegenerative diseases, in both clinical and experimental disease models. Essential functions of CD200-CD200R interaction and the treatment relevance have been elaborated. Immune responses to diseases under the control of CD200-CD200R axis were also discussed in the review.
Virtual Reality and Unlearning: Empowering Transformation

Educational transformation requires that people volitionally change from a set of behavioral practices buttressed by organizational supports, policies, and incentives to a markedly different set of practices that requires an altered organizational context accompanied by a shift in assumptions, beliefs, and values at both the individual and institutional levels. Some research in immersive learning, particularly in virtual reality, shows promise of accomplishing the unlearning of deeply held beliefs, values, and attitudes by influencing the mind/brain cognitively and affectively, intrapersonally and interpersonally.
published in The Health Exchange Saviours or culprits ? HIV , infant feeding , and commercial interests

These results arose from a secondary analysis of a randomised trial of breastfeeding compared with formula feeding conducted in Nairobi, Kenya, between 1992 and 1998. (2) The trial was designed to assess the rates of mother to child transmission of HIV according to mode of infant feeding. Eighteen of 197 women randomly allocated to breastfeed their infants died within 24 months of delivery compared with six of 200 women allocated to the formula-feeding group. The cumulative 24-month mortality rates were 11% and 4%, respectively, corresponding to a 3.2-fold higher risk of death (95% confidence interval 1.3 Ð 8.1). Since assessing mortality in mothers was not the primary objective of the trial, this unexpected observation must be interpreted cautiously. Preliminary results on mortality were communicated in July 2000 in Durban. (3)