Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synovial Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Crystal-Associated Arthropathies

In this medical records review study, the possible value of synovial biopsy for the diagnosis of crystal arthropaties was examined. They divided their patients in those with a suspicion of crystal arthropaty (clinical group) and those without clinical history (incidental group). For the clinical group (n=65) a diagnosis was achieved in 61.7% but a crystal arhropathy in only 38.7%. The authors suggested that synovial biopsy could be a reasonable alternative for the diagnosis of these arthropathies. Background/ Objective This study seeks to assess the utility of synovial biopsy in the diagnosis of crystal-associated arthropathies (CAAs) in a clinical setting. Methods In this retrospective study, we reviewed biopsy reports involving synovial tissue between 1988 and 2015. We then reviewed the records of patients where the biopsy was performed for a clinical suspicion of CAA—the clinical group—and calculated the frequency of a positive diagnosis. The t test, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, and Fisher test were used to compare clinical characteristics of patients with and without a tissue diagnosis of CAA. We also reviewed cases of unexpected detection of crystalline disease involving synovial tissue—the incidental group. Results Among 2786 biopsies involving the synovium, we identified 65 cases in the clinical group and 33 cases in the incidental group. In the clinical group, a relevant diagnosis was obtained from synovial tissue in 36.9%, and a CAA was diagnosed in 20%. Restricting analysis to clinical biopsies performed for a primary suspicion of CAA, a relevant diagnosis was obtained in 61.3%, and a CAA was diagnosed in 38.7%. The incidental group comprised 1.2% of all synovial biopsies and included 7 mass lesions. Basic calcium phosphate was not reported on any biopsy in the study period. Conclusions Synovial biopsy is a diagnostic option when suspected CAA is resistant to conventional modes of diagnosis. Crystalline diseases should be considered in the differential diagnosis of musculoskeletal mass lesions mimicking neoplasms.
Leasing or Selling? Durable Goods Manufacturer Marketing Model Selection under a Mixed Carbon Trading-and-Tax Policy Scenario

Many carbon reduction policies have been implemented to reduce carbon dioxide in the manufacturing process of products. However, many products emit more carbon dioxide in the consumption process. From the consumer’s utility perspective, this paper firstly analyses the manufacturing and marketing model selection decisions of a monopoly manufacturer under the mixed carbon policy, and then a win-win result that can encourage the manufacturer to choose the marketing model with lower carbon emissions while at the same time obtaining the optimal profit is discussed. The results show that the production activity will proceed only when the carbon trading price is lower than a certain threshold. When the carbon trading price is lower than a certain threshold, leasing represents the manufacturer’s optimal marketing model. When the carbon trading price is higher than the threshold, selling represents the manufacturer’s optimal marketing model. For the carbon cap Q, there are equilibrium intervals in which the government can achieve the aim of controlling carbon emissions, while not overly affecting the manufacturer’s enthusiasm for production. For the carbon trading price and the carbon tax rate, there are two different intervals in which leasing gains more profit for the manufacturer while emitting lower carbon emissions.
APEX2‐mediated RAB proximity labeling identifies a role for RAB21 in clathrin‐independent cargo sorting

RAB GTPases are central modulators of membrane trafficking. They are under the dynamic regulation of activating guanine exchange factors (GEFs) and inactivating GTPase‐activating proteins (GAPs). Once activated, RABs recruit a large spectrum of effectors to control trafficking functions of eukaryotic cells. Multiple proteomic studies, using pull‐down or yeast two‐hybrid approaches, have identified a number of RAB interactors. However, due to the in vitro nature of these approaches and inherent limitations of each technique, a comprehensive definition of RAB interactors is still lacking. By comparing quantitative affinity purifications of GFP:RAB21 with APEX2‐mediated proximity labeling of RAB4a, RAB5a, RAB7a, and RAB21, we find that APEX2 proximity labeling allows for the comprehensive identification of RAB regulators and interactors. Importantly, through biochemical and genetic approaches, we establish a novel link between RAB21 and the WASH and retromer complexes, with functional consequences on cargo sorting. Hence, APEX2‐mediated proximity labeling of RAB neighboring proteins represents a new and efficient tool to define RAB functions.
Microvascular endothelial dysfunction and gender

Previous studies revealed gender-specific differences in the incidenceanddevelopmentof cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart failure, and the corresponding myocardial remodeling. Most epidemiological studies have shown a remarkable advantage of premenopausal women (characterized by high serum oestrogen levels) compared with men of the same age groups regarding cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent observations, however, also indicate genderspecificdisadvantages for females in specificcasesof ischemic heart disease. Complex gender-specific differences in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders merit further in-depth studies. The key hormone, which is responsible for differences in the regulation of vascular function inmales and females, is oestrogen. Thus, most of the experimental studies have focused on the potential mechanisms by which oestrogen affords mostly beneficial effects on cardiovascular functions. In addition to oestrogen, progesteronemay also contribute to gender-specific differences in the regulation of vascular functions in females; its effects, however, remain controversial. Testosterone, on the other hand, was shown to have negative effects on blood pressure and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Interplay between Nutrition and Hearing Loss: State of Art

Hearing loss has been recently ranked as the fifth leading cause of years lived with disability, ahead of many other chronic diseases such as diabetes, dementia, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Moreover, according to the World Health Organization, moderate-to-profound hearing loss affects about 466 million people worldwide. Its incidence varies in each population segment, affecting approximately 10% of children and increasing to 30% of the population over 65 years. However, hearing loss receives still very limited research funding and public awareness. This sensory impairment is caused by genetic and environmental factors, and among the latter, the nutritional status has acquired relevance due its association to hearing loss detected in recent epidemiological studies. Several experimental models have proved that the onset and progression of hearing loss are closely linked to the availability of nutrients and their metabolism. Here, we have reviewed studies focused on nutrient effects on auditory function. These studies support the potential of nutritional therapy for the protection against hearing loss progression, which is especially relevant to the aging process and related quality of life.
HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE FOLLOWING ADOLESCENT SPORTS-RELATED CONCUSSION OR FRACTURE: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

Background: Sport-related concussion is a form of traumatic brain injury that often presents with a combination of symptoms that reflect disturbances in physical, cognitive, sleep, and emotional functioning. The longitudinal effects of adolescent sports-related concussion (SRC) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) remain poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to 1) compare HRQOL outcomes among adolescents with an acute SRC or sports-related extremity fracture (SRF) who were followed until physician-documented clinical recovery and 2) to identify the clinical variables associated with worse HRQOL among adolescent SRC patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of adolescents with acute isolated SRC or SRF who underwent clinical assessment within 30 days post injury and follow-up at tertiary sub-specialty clinics. Longitudinal patient-reported HRQOL was measured at initial assessment and at each follow-up appointment using the adolescent version (age 13-18) Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory generic core scale and Cognitive Functioning scale. Demographic characteristics were collected from the medical charts. Results: Participants in this study included 135 patients with SRC (60.0% male; mean age 14.7 years; time from injury to initial assessment 6 days) and 96 with SRF (59.4% male, mean age 14.1 years; time from injury to initial assessment 8 days). At initial assessment, SRC patients reported significantly worse cognitive, school and overall HRQOL compared to SRF patients with no differences in physical, emotional and social HRQOL. Clinical variables associated with worse HRQOL among SRC patients differed by domain but were significantly impacted by initial symptom burden and the development of delayed physician-documented clinical recovery (> 28 days post-injury). Overall, 132 (97.8%) SRC patients and all SRF patients achieved physician-documented clinical recovery during the study period. The median days until physician-documented clinical recovery for the SRC patients was 26 days (IQR: 17, 49) and this was not significantly different than SRF patients (31 days, IQR: 23, 42; p=0.12). At the time of physician-documented clinical recovery, patients with SRC did not have persistent impairments in HRQOL. Conclusions: Adolescent SRC is associated with temporary impairments in HRQOL that resolve in patients followed until physician-documented clinical recovery. Compared to SRF, adolescent SRC patients experience significantly greater impairments in cognitive, school, and overall HRQOL. The degree of impairment experienced by adolescent SRC patients across HRQOL domains is impacted by initial symptom burden and length of clinical recovery. Future studies are needed to identify the clinico-pathological features associated with impaired HRQOL and assess whether the initiation of multi-disciplinary targeted rehabilitation strategies lead to an improvement in HRQOL in acute SRC patients.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF A HEALTH CARE PACKAGE ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND SELF-CARE BEHAVIOURS IN OLDER TAIWANESE ABORIGINAL AND NON-ABORIGINAL ADULTS WITHTYPE 2 DIABETES IN TAIWAN

In 2005, the five leading causes of death in Taiwan were malignant neoplasm, cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and trauma. Of these, diabetes is the most rapidly increasing disease. Older adults are the fastest growing segment of the population; high incidence and prevalence rates of chronic diseases are associated with aging and older adults are likely to require and consume the high cost of long-term care. Taiwanese groups include Non-Aborigines: Holo, Hakkas, Mainlander and Aborigines who total 13 groups. Aborigines have a unique culture, traditional religion and customs, that are all very different from Taiwanese non-Aboriginal people. From a cultural perspective, different ethnic groups may have different "thinking, decisions, and actions in patterned ways" (Leininger, 1985, p.209). The primary purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the diabetes self care knowledge, attitudes and behaviours, medical status, and quality of life of Taiwanese elderly with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, could be improved by the delivery of a specific health care package. The theoretical model used to drive the study was the Health Education Model based on the Revised Pender's Health Promotion Model (RHPM). The secondary purpose of the study was to compare the different ethnic groups and how their lifestyle impacted on their perceptions of diabetes. Comparisons were drawn between the Taiwanese Aborigines and non-Aborigine groups. This study utilised an experimental design with a cluster randomized sample (N=500, included experimental group 241 and control group 259, after three and six months followed-up, N= 485, experimental group 235 and control group 250) of Taiwanese elderly with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Outpatients from Middle to Northern Taiwan included experimental group from 5 public health centres, 1 private clinic and 1 regional hospital and control group from 1 public health centre, 1 private clinic and 3 regional hospitals.
Pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cellular senescence is a stable form of cell cycle exit. Though they no longer divide, senescent cells remain metabolically active and secrete a plethora of proteins collectively termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Although senescence-associated cell cycle exit likely evolved as an anti-tumor mechanism, the SASP contains both anti- and pro-tumorigenic potential. Areas covered: In this review, we briefly discuss the discovery of senescent cells and its relationship to cancer and aging. We also describe the initiation and regulation of the SASP upon senescence stimulus onset. We focus on both the pro- and anti-tumorigenic properties of the SASP. Finally, we speculate on the potential benefits of therapy-induced senescence combined with selective SASP inhibition for the treatment of cancer. Expert opinion: Further identification and characterization of the SASP factors that are pro-tumorigenic and those that are anti-tumorigenic in specific contexts will be crucial in order to develop personalized therapeutics for the successful treatment of cancer.
Numerical Encodings of Amino Acids in Multivariate Gaussian Modeling of Protein Multiple Sequence Alignments

Residues in proteins that are in close spatial proximity are more prone to covariate as their interactions are likely to be preserved due to structural and evolutionary constraints. If we can detect and quantify such covariation, physical contacts may then be predicted in the structure of a protein solely from the sequences that decorate it. To carry out such predictions, and following the work of others, we have implemented a multivariate Gaussian model to analyze correlation in multiple sequence alignments. We have explored and tested several numerical encodings of amino acids within this model. We have shown that 1D encodings based on amino acid biochemical and biophysical properties, as well as higher dimensional encodings computed from the principal components of experimentally derived mutation/substitution matrices, do not perform as well as a simple twenty dimensional encoding with each amino acid represented with a vector of one along its own dimension and zero elsewhere. The optimum obtained from representations based on substitution matrices is reached by using 10 to 12 principal components; the corresponding performance is less than the performance obtained with the 20-dimensional binary encoding. We highlight also the importance of the prior when constructing the multivariate Gaussian model of a multiple sequence alignment.
Collective action for young people's mental health: the citiesRISE experience

World Psychiatry 18:1 February 2019 described in detail on other occasions. There are major changes underway in the WPA meetings program, in the work of the Early Career Psychiatrists programs, and in WPA communications. A global survey of psychiatry is being developed in conjunction with a survey of training programs, and other programs are detailed separately by our active officers. My fellow officers and I are above all encouraged by the active engagement and support of the WPA Secretariat, our Member Societies, Scientific Sections, hard-working Standing Committees and all components of the Association.
Intensive Balance Training for Adults With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injuries: Protocol for an Assessor-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND Impaired reactive balance control can lead to increased falls in people with neurological impairments. Perturbation-based balance training (PBT), which involves repetitive exposure to destabilizing external perturbations, improves the ability to take reactive steps in older adults and individuals who have had a stroke. OBJECTIVE The objective is to investigate whether PBT or conventional intensive balance training (CIBT) results in greater improvements in reactive stepping ability in individuals with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). DESIGN The design consists of an assessor-blind randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of 2 balance training programs (PBT and CIBT) matched for training duration (thrice weekly for 8 weeks). SETTING A tertiary spinal cord injury rehabilitation center is used as the setting. PARTICIPANTS Participants include 24 adults with iSCI classified as a C or D on the American Spinal Association Impairment Scale, who are able to stand independently and exhibit moderate trunk control. INTERVENTION Both PBT and CIBT involve 24 sessions, each 1 hour long, of individualized static and dynamic balance tasks. However, PBT includes external, unexpected balance perturbations provided manually by the trainer at a frequency of roughly 1 per training minute. MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome is the ability to recover balance using a single step during the Lean-and-Release test, a novel method of assessing reactive balance. Secondary outcomes include a number of clinical balance and gait assessments, and the number of falls experienced in a 6-month follow-up period. Semi-structured interviews are conducted 3 months after training completion to gain insight into the participants' perceptions of the impact of the interventions. LIMITATIONS A control group receiving "standard care" for balance training is not included. CONCLUSIONS This trial will provide physical therapists with insight into the efficacy of 2 forms of balance training for individuals with iSCI.
Atoh1+ secretory progenitors possess renewal capacity independent of Lgr5+ cells during colonic regeneration

During homeostasis, the colonic epithelium is replenished every 3–5 days by rapidly cycling Lgr5+ stem cells. However, various insults can lead to depletion of Lgr5+ stem cells, and colonic epithelium can be regenerated from Lgr5‐negative cells. While studies in the small intestine have addressed the lineage identity of the Lgr5‐negative regenerative cell population, in the colon this question has remained unanswered. Here, we set out to identify which cell(s) contribute to colonic regeneration by performing genetic fate‐mapping studies of progenitor populations in mice. First, using keratin‐19 (Krt19) to mark a heterogeneous population of cells, we found that Lgr5‐negative cells can regenerate colonic crypts and give rise to Lgr5+ stem cells. Notch1+ absorptive progenitor cells did not contribute to epithelial repair after injury, whereas Atoh1+ secretory progenitors did contribute to this process. Additionally, while colonic Atoh1+ cells contributed minimally to other lineages during homeostasis, they displayed plasticity and contributed to epithelial repair during injury, independent of Lgr5+ cells. Our findings suggest that promotion of secretory progenitor plasticity could enable gut healing in colitis.
Multilayered control of chromosome replication in Caulobacter crescentus

The environmental Alphaproteobacterium Caulobacter crescentus is a classical model to study the regulation of the bacterial cell cycle. It divides asymmetrically, giving a stalked cell that immediately enters S phase and a swarmer cell that stays in the G1 phase until it differentiates into a stalked cell. Its genome consists in a single circular chromosome whose replication is tightly regulated so that it happens only in stalked cells and only once per cell cycle. Imbalances in chromosomal copy numbers are the most often highly deleterious, if not lethal. This review highlights recent discoveries on pathways that control chromosome replication when Caulobacter is exposed to optimal or less optimal growth conditions. Most of these pathways target two proteins that bind directly onto the chromosomal origin: the highly conserved DnaA initiator of DNA replication and the CtrA response regulator that is found in most Alphaproteobacteria. The concerted inactivation and proteolysis of CtrA during the swarmer-to-stalked cell transition license cells to enter S phase, while a replisome-associated Regulated Inactivation and proteolysis of DnaA (RIDA) process ensures that initiation starts only once per cell cycle. When Caulobacter is stressed, it turns on control systems that delay the G1-to-S phase transition or the elongation of DNA replication, most probably increasing its fitness and adaptation capacities.
Aberrant SEPT9 methylation in plasma cell-free DNA of CRC patients

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. CRC develops from precancerous polyps in the colon or rectum and is preventable by an early diagnosis and with the removal of precursor lesions. Numerous genetics and epigenetic alterations transform benign polyps to malignant tumors by affecting different pathways. Over the past decade, increasing evidence represent the utility of cell-free DNA as a ‘liquid biopsy’ to supplement non-invasive biopsies for genetic and epigenetic characterization and monitoring of solid cancers. One of the epigenetic biomarkers that has gained more attention in CRC is aberrant DNA methylation of Septin 9 gene. In this study we try to evaluate the methylation of Septin 9 gene status in the cfDNA of the plasma in colorectal cancer patients. Plasma cell-free DNA samples were extracted from 30 patients with background of tumors or polyps and 30 samples from healthy individuals. Septin 9 methylation analysis was performed by using the bisulfite specific high resolution melting analysis. The result showed a sensitivity and specificity of 10% and 53.33%, respectively. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that Septin 9 DNA methylation in plasma determined by THP and BSP-HRM had not have sufficient accuracy.
Ferroptosis: A Companion of ROS in Fighting Magnaporthe in Rice[OPEN]

Invasion of plant tissues by pathogens is well known to activate localized reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell death. However, the sources of ROS production and their role in triggering cell death are enigmatic. A recent study by [ Dangol et al. (2019) ][1] shows that, in rice ( Oryza
Art App-reciation: Fostering Engagement and Reflection in Museums through a Social-Mobile

This paper presents the design, development, and evaluation of ARTeMuse, a social mobile application for helping beginning viewers to engage with works of art. ARTeMuse has been tested in the Davis Museum and Cultural Center, an academic fine-arts museum on the Wellesley College campus. Our findings indicate that beginning users who tested the application were more engaged with works of arts while using ARTeMuse than they were when viewing the collection without the application. As a result, they spent significantly more time with each work. Users were eager to use ARTeMuse and expressed their satisfaction about learning new ways to think about art. Through the development and evaluation of ARTeMuse, we seek to investigate how mobile human-computer interaction paired with social networking can help museums to redefine the museum experience for beginning viewers.