Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Ingenious Wireless Home Security System and Protocol based upon Multi-hop 802.15.4 standard, Magnetic contact and PIR sensor

Security is the major part of home automation systems for the people. With the development of network and automatic control technology, a home security monitoring and alarming system becomes more and more p racticable today. In this paper we have proposed simple, low cost, low power consumption and a novel method for implementing the home security using Zigbee (802.15.4) standard and also a security protocol for detecting and localizing identity based attacks in the system. We have named our scheme as Wireless Home Security System (WHSS) and protocol as Wireless Home Security Protocol (W HSP). It consists of many sensor nodes deployed in the rooms as well as the doors/ windows of the house together with the zigbee modules which act as end devices that monitor continuously and send the security status of each room to the coordinator node connected to a PC which acts as the master. The communicat ion in this case is multi-hop which provides unlimited range. Here we have used the XBEE Pro series1 (XBP24-AWI-001) radios for RF communicat ion, DYP-ME003 PIR sensor, and Contact Door / window sensor based on magnetic reed switch (ORD221). The hardware implementation has been tested for validation successfully. The software has been implemented using C#. Also the performance of our proposed security protocol has been analysed using NS2 and is found to be satisfactory.
A System for Controlling and Monitoring IoT Applications

In this work, the design and implementation of an open source software and hardware system for Internet of Things (IoT) applications is presented. This system permits the remote monitoring of supplied data from sensors and webcams and the control of different devices such as actuators, servomotors and LEDs. The parameters which have been monitored are brightness, temperature and relative humidity all of which constitute possible environmental factors. The control and monitoring of the installation is realised through a server which is managed by an administrator. The device which rules the installation is a Raspberry Pi, a small and powerful micro-computer in a single board with low consumption, low cost and reconfigurability.
Temporal instability in amblyopic vision: relationship to a displacement map of visual space.

PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between the subjectively experienced misperceptions and the objectively determined two-dimensional spatial displacement maps in subjects with strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia. METHODS Seventeen experimental subjects were asked to describe and sketch their perception of simple geometric pattern, as perceived through their amblyopic eyes. A subgroup of 15 subjects participated in a psychophysical experiment, in which the two-dimensional displacement maps were determined by asking the subjects to reconstruct, point-by-point, memorized circles of different radii. The results of these displacement maps were related to the clinical characteristics and the perceptual descriptions of the same subjects. RESULTS Twelve of the 17 investigated subjects experienced spatial distortions; six subjects perceived temporal instabilities, either in addition, or in the absence of spatial distortions. Objectively determined spatial displacement and spatial uncertainty were significantly larger in subjects with a history of strabismus and a deep acuity loss than in subjects with refractive etiology and a mild acuity loss. Subjects experiencing temporal instability showed more spatial uncertainty in the amblyopic eye than did subjects with a stable perception. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a history of strabismus and a deep amblyopia are more likely to be associated with temporal misperceptions than a refractive etiology and a mild acuity loss. A temporally unstable perception may be related to a more profound disorganization of the central neural pathways connected to the amblyopic eye.
Study on Prevalence of Hypertension among Adolescents

Introduction: In the past, Hypertension in childhood was not considered a problem but in the last few decades, it has gradually become a source of concern especially as children are known to maintain their blood pressures into adulthood. Therefore, hypertensive children are at risk of developing cardiovascular complications earlier in adulthood. In our own environment, the prevalence of hypertension in children is undocumented, hence the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors among adolscents in Tumkur India. Methods: A sample of 320 was selected by stepwise random sampling from four schools of Tumkur. Blood pressure, weight, and height of the subjects were measured and BMI was calculated. Blood pressure measurements were categorized as normal, prehypertension, or hypertension using the 2004 Fourth Report blood pressure screening recommendations. Overweight and obesity were defined according to International BMI Cut Off Points for adolescents. Results: The prevalence rates of prehypertension and hypertension were 10.2% and 16%, respectively. Obesity and overweight were seen in 4.8% and 18.4% of subjects, respectively. The prevalence rates of hypertension and prehypertension increased with increasing BMI. Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension in this study was found to 16% and 10.2% respectively. Hypertension/prehypertension was more likely to develop with increasing age, BMI and waist circumference. Obesity was associated with an increased risk of elevated blood pressure. Routine blood pressure measurements in adolescents of our community are suggested to prevent high blood pressure in adolescence and its complications in later life.
Insight, part of a Special Feature on Multicriteria Assessment of Food System Sustainability Key characteristics for tool choice in indicator-based sustainability assessment at farm level

Although the literature on sustainability assessment tools to support decision making in agriculture is rapidly growing, little attention has been paid to the actual tool choice. We focused on the choice of more complex integrated indicator-based tools at the farm level. The objective was to determine key characteristics as criteria for tool choice. This was done with an in-depth comparison of 2 cases: the Monitoring Tool for Integrated Farm Sustainability and the Public Goods Tool. They differ in characteristics that may influence tool choice: data, time, and budgetary requirements. With an enhanced framework, we derived 11 key characteristics to describe differences between the case tools. Based on the key characteristics, we defined 2 types of indicator-based tools: full sustainability assessment (FSA) and rapid sustainability assessment (RSA). RSA tools are more oriented toward communicating and learning. They are therefore more suitable for use by a larger group of farmers, can help to raise awareness, trigger farmers to become interested in sustainable farming, and highlight areas of good or bad performance. If and when farmers increase their commitment to on-farm sustainability, they can gain additional insight by using an FSA tool. Based on complementary and modular use of the tools, practical recommendations for the different end users, i.e., researchers, farmers, advisers, and so forth, have been suggested.
FLEXIBLE AND SCALABLE METHODS FOR QUANTIFYING STOCHASTIC VARIABILITY IN THE ERA OF MASSIVE TIME-DOMAIN ASTRONOMICAL DATA SETS

We present the use of continuous-time autoregressive moving average (CARMA) models as a method for estimating the variability features of a light curve, and in particular its power spectral density (PSD). CARMA models fully account for irregular sampling and measurement errors, making them valuable for quantifying variability, forecasting and interpolating light curves, and variability-based classification. We show that the PSD of a CARMA model can be expressed as a sum of Lorentzian functions, which makes them extremely flexible and able to model a broad range of PSDs. We present the likelihood function for light curves sampled from CARMA processes, placing them on a statistically rigorous foundation, and we present a Bayesian method to infer the probability distribution of the PSD given the measured light curve. Because calculation of the likelihood function scales linearly with the number of data points, CARMA modeling scales to current and future massive time-domain data sets. We conclude by applying our CARMA modeling approach to light curves for an X-ray binary, two active galactic nuclei, a long-period variable star, and an RR Lyrae star in order to illustrate their use, applicability, and interpretation.
Relativistic Particle Transport in Hot Accretion Disks

Accretion disks around rapidly rotating black holes provide one of the few plausible models for the production of intense radiation in AGNs above energies of several hundred MeV. The rapid rotation of the hole increases the binding energy per nucleon in the last stable orbit relative to the Schwarzschild case, and naturally leads to ion temperatures in the range 10 12 -10 13 K for sub-Eddington accretion rates. The protons in the hot inner region of a steady, two-temperature disk form a reservoir of energy that is sufficient to power the observed EGRET outbursts if the black hole mass is 10 10 M ⊙ . Moreover, the accretion timescale for the inner region is comparable to the observed transient timescale of ~1 week. Hence EGRET outbursts may be driven by instabilities in hot, two-temperature disks around supermassive black holes. In this paper we discuss turbulent (stochastic) acceleration in hot disks as a possible source of GeV particles and radiation. We constrain the model by assuming the turbulence is powered by a collective instability that drains energy from the hot protons. We also provide some ideas concerning new, high-energy Penrose processes that produce GeV emission be directly tapping the rotational energy of Kerr black holes. Subject headings: acceleration of particles — accretion, accretion disks — galaxies: nuclei — quasars: individual (3C 279) — radiation mechanisms: nonthermal
A Survey on Medication Reviews in Older Patients: Substantial Variation in Daily Practice

Objective: To assess the methods and frequency by which medication reviews are performed by general practitioners and nursing home physicians by means of a survey. Methods: 134 nursing home physicians and general practitioners working in the southern part of the Netherlands, the province of Limburg were asked to fill in a digital questionnaire. Non response was followed by second emailing and a questionnaire on paper by regular post. The questionnaire was developed by an expert panel, consisting of two hospital pharmacists, an internist, a nursing home physician and a neuropsychiatrist. Results: There was substantial inconsistency in the frequency of performing medication reviews, ranging from monthly (in 40%) by the nursing home physicians to four times a year (in 50%) by the general practitioners. Time spent on one review also varied significantly between groups, namely 10 minutes for a nursing home physician and 20 minutes for general practitioners. Meetings between the physician and pharmacist took place regularly (91%), but these were not organised for medication reviewing of individual patients. When medication was changed by another doctor, 47% of nursing home physicians and 44% of the general practitioners were informed often, whereas 40% and 50% respectively were only informed sometimes, and 13% of nursing home physicians and 6% of general practitioners never received any notice. 59% of the nursing home physicians and 89% of general practitioners considered workload to be a limiting factor in performing reviews. Conclusions: This survey shows great inconsistency in the way medication reviews are done. To achieve a high standard, we may have to reconsider the way medication reviews are done.
Cross-Hedging of Inflation Derivatives on Commodities: The Informational Content of Futures Markets

According to the macro-econometric literature, the impact of exogenous oil price shocks on Inflation have greatly increased in the last two decades throughout OECD countries while the persistence of those shocks on long-term inflation, namely core inflation, has dramatically decreased. In the meantime, the market for inflation derivatives soared, spurred by a revival of the primary inflation-linked bond market. As the contribution of core inflation to the total headline inflation volatility bottomed, most of the volatility of headline inflation should thus be explained by changes in the spread between headline and core inflation indicators: a factor closely linked to commodity markets. This economic analysis should have important financial arbitrage implications in the futures market: are exogenous shocks on oil futures markets incorporated into zero coupon inflation indexed swap prices? To investigate this issue, we propose on the one hand a four-factor model for both inflation and nominal rates, and on the other hand a two-factor model for commodities. We proceed to an empirical estimation of the model using prices of oil futures contracts and inflation breakeven rates from which we can in particular extract a synthetic core inflation forward curve.
Foreign Investment Effects on the Banking Sector in Georgia

Using data from 2004 – 2008, we investigate the effect of foreign ownership on banks efficiency and financial performance. The data is a balanced panel consisting of 16 banks and 640 observations. In random effect regression, to investigate the influence of foreign ownership type banks’, we use the efficiency measures ROA (return on asset) and ROE (return on equity). Appling stochastic frontier analysis, we estimate banks cost efficiency. The efficiency analysis reveals that banks with foreign strategic ownership or international financial institutions involvement (EBRD or IFC) are more cost efficient than their domestic counterparts. The study also found that foreign strategic ownership positively affects the return on equity but negatively affects the banks’ return on assets. Investigation of how efficiently foreign majority owned banks are using their inputs showed that banks with foreign majority ownership are significantly less cost efficient than those with foreign strategic ownership. We find that foreign majority ownership has ambiguous effects on financial performance — it increases the return on assets but decreases the return on equity. This research highlights the importance for bank performance of a large strategic shareholder who takes a controlling interest in the bank.
Interferon-like activity produced by anterior kidney leucocytes of rainbow trout stimulated in vitro by infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus or Poly I : C

Leucocytes from the anterior ludneys of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus rnykiss produced an interferon-like cytokine (ILC) or cytokines when stimulated wlth free infectious hematopoietic necrosls (IHN) virus, with cell membrane-associated (CMA) IHN virus on glutaraldehyde-fixed chinook salmon embryo cells, or with the synthetic polyribonucleotide Poly 1:C. Peak yields of ILC were similar in leucocyte cultures stimulated by free virus or by CMA virus at optlrnal multiplicities of infection. The antiviral activity had both acid-resistant and acid-labile components, indicating production of several cytokines. Moreover, activity produced by free virus-stimulated leucocytes was significantly (p I 0.05) more resistant to treatment at pH 2 than was activity produced by CMA virus-stimulated leucocytes. Leucocyte populations enriched for macrophages (but not for neutrophils or lymphocytes) demonstrated a significantly enhanced capacity for ILC production after stimulation by Poly 1:C or free IHN virus. The capacity of macrophages for ILC production may be a n important element of the nonspecific resistance of salmonids to IHN virus.
Bodenfeuchtesensoren, eine brauchbare Alternative zu Tensiometern auf Baustellen?

: Matric potential sensors, a useful alternative to tensiometers on construction sites? Tensiometers play a key role for soil protection on construction sites, but they are usually very maintenance-in-tensive. This raises the question of whether almost maintenance-free matrix potential sensors can partially or completely replace tensiometers. Therefore, comparative measurements of PlantCare sensors and tensiometers were carried out at two sites. The correspondence between the values of tensiometers and PC-sensors was good in many cases, but especially in the finer textured soil of Fehraltorf, the sensors did sometimes after minor pre-cipitations not reflect the changed conditions due to hydraulic decoupling. In these cases, the susceptibility to compaction of the soil would have been massively underestimated. According to the present comparative measurements, the use of the sensors in the current state of development is limited to an application in the field of soil protection on light to at most medium textured soils.
Risk-Premia, Carry-Trade Dynamics, and Economic Value of Currency Speculation

In this paper, we derive the dynamics and assess the economic value of currency speculation by formalizing the concept of a trader inaction range. We show that exchange rate returns comprise a time-varying risk-premium and that uncovered interest parity (UIP) holds in a speculative sense. The often-cited ‘forward bias puzzle’ originates from the omission of the risk-premium in standard UIP tests. Consistent with its popularity among market professionals, the carry-trade strategy can be rationalized as it systematically collects risk-premia, however, the economic value generated by bilateral carry-trades is limited.
EFFECTS OF KAOLIN AND DICARBOXYLIC ACID BASED STRESS INHIBITORS ON AROMA COMPOSITION OF TWO TABLE GRAPE CULTIVARS (V. vinifera L.)

In this study, effects of two stress inhibitors (particle film – PF and dicarboxylic acid – DA) on aroma composition of Beauty Seedless and Tekirdag Seedless grape cultivars were investigated. Analysis of the aroma components was carried out using solid-phase microextraction technique with gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 36 and 24 aroma compounds were identified in Beauty Seedless and Tekirdag Seedless, respectively. The C6-compounds (hexanal and 2-hexenal) were determined as the most abundant compounds in both grape cultivars and they accounted for 40.1% and 72.3% of total aroma composition in Beauty Seedless and Tekirdag Seedless, respectively. Monoterpenes (geraniol, nerol and neric acid) and sesquiterpenes (α-ylangene and germacrene) had a significant contribution of 35% to the total flavor of Beauty Seedless. Benzophenone, maltol, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-ethyl hexanol, 2-pentyl furan, acetic acid, hexanoic acid were other compounds detected at the highest amount. In Tekirdag Seedless, benzene acetaldehyde, 2-ethyl hexanol, maltol, 4-hexen-1-ol, acetic acid and hexanoic acid were determined as proportionally important compounds. When taken into consideration the use of stress inhibitors becoming an interesting area in viticulture, the effects of treatments in the aromatic composition is limited. In the presented study, proportional levels of any aroma compounds could not be attributed to influence of the stress inhibitors. However, findings presented useful contribution for future studies. On the other hand, this study is the first report on aroma composition of Beauty Seedless and Tekirdag Seedless grape cultivars.
Sadness speeds and disgust drags: Influence of motivational direction on time perception in negative affect.

Time flies when you’re having fun, but how does time pass in negative states? Past research has examined how time passes in positive states varying in motivation, but has not examined differing motivational tendencies within negative states. The current experiments investigate the impact of sadness, disgust, and anger on time perception. Based on the motivational direction model of time perception, we propose that sadness and anger, hypothesized approach-motivated negative states, will cause time to shorten, but disgust, a withdrawal-motivated negative state will cause time to lengthen. Experiments 1 demonstrated that sadness caused the perception of time to “fly” as compared to a neutral state. Experiment 2 found that sad states caused time to shorten relative to a neutral state as measured by a temporal bisection task. In contrast, Experiment 3 demonstrated that disgust caused the perception of time to lengthen relative to a neutral state. Experiments 4 and 5 manipulated approach motivation within sad and anger states. High approach motivated sad and anger states caused time to pass more quickly than low approach motivation in the same negative state. These experiments demonstrate that negative affects vary in their effects on time perception. Motivational direction appears to influence the perception of time passing.
“Cool Reflexion” and the Criticism of Values: Is, Ought, and Objectivity in Hume's Social Science

Is the fact/value distinction incompatible with the possibility of a social science which is both objective and evaluative (or normative)? Does support of the latter require rejection of the former and vice versa? This article presents an indirect argument against the incompatibility of the fact/value distinction and an objectively evaluative social science. My procedure is to show that David Hume, whose is/ought distinction is the locus classicus of the fact/value distinction, is committed both to the view that values cannot be derived from facts and to the view that social science is not (and should not be) value-neutral. Furthermore, Hume's position is free from any logical flaws. My conclusion is that it is false to say that the fact/value distinction entails a value-neutral social science, and that it is therefore utterly unnecessary for critics of such a science to waste their time attempting to “bridge the gap” between facts and values.
Cytoprotective effect of Benzyl N-(indol-3-ylmethylidene)-hydrazinecarbodithioate against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats

Benzyl N'-(indol-3-ylmethylidene)-hydrazinecarbodithioate (BIHC) and its metal complexes have been reported to have medicinal uses (Singh and Varshney, 2006). The present study was performed to evaluate, the acute toxicity and anti-ulcer activity of this BIHC against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer. Experimental animal groups were orally pre-treated with different doses of BIHC (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) in 10% Tween 20 solution (vehicle). Normal and ulcer control groups were pre-treated with vehicle. The reference group was orally pretreated with 20 mg/kg omeprazole. After one hour, all groups received absolute ethanol to generate gastric mucosal injury except the normal control group which was administered the vehicle solution. After an additional hour, all rats were sacrificed and the ulcer areas of the gastric walls determined. Grossly, the ulcer control group exhibited severe mucosal injury, whereas pre-treatment with either derivative or omeprazole resulted in significant protection of gastric mucosal injury. Flattening of gastric mucosal folds was also observed in rats pretreated with BIHC. Histological studies of the gastric wall of ulcer control group revealed severe damage of gastric mucosa, along with edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer compared to rats pre-treated with either BIHC or omeprazole where there were marked gastric protection along with reduction or absence of edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer. Acute toxicity study with a higher dose of derivative (5 g/kg) did not manifest any toxicological signs in rats. In conclusions, the present finding suggests that Benzyl N'-(indol-3-ylmethylidene)-hydrazinecarbodithioate derivative promotes ulcer protection as ascertained by the comparative decreases in ulcer areas, reduction of edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer. Key words: Indole, S-benzyldithiocarbazone, histology, omeprazole, gastric ulcer.