Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monthly Incidence of Theileria cervi and Seroconversion to Babesia odocoilei in White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Texas

Monthly monitoring of fawns collected from an area in Texas endemic for Theileria cervi and Babesia odocoilei showed that transmission of T. cervi occurred during July and August, a time period consistent with the occurrence of Amblyomma americanum. Seroconversion to B. odocoilei occurred during October to December and possibly continued through January and February. The time of seroconversion was more suggestive of transmission of B. odocoilei by Ixodes scapularis than by Amblyomma americanum.
Putative Arabidopsis Transcriptional Adaptor Protein (PROPORZ1) is required to modulate histone acetylation in response to auxin

Plant development is highly adaptable and controlled by a combination of various regulatory circuits that integrate internal and environmental cues. The phytohormone auxin mediates such growth responses, acting as a dynamic signal in the control of morphogenesis via coordinating the interplay between cell cycle progression and cell differentiation. Mutants in the chromatin-remodeling component PROPORZ1 (PRZ1; also known as AtADA2b) are impaired in auxin effects on morphogenesis, suggestive of an involvement of PRZ1-dependent control of chromatin architecture in the determination of hormone responses. Here we demonstrate that PRZ1 is required for accurate histone acetylation at auxin-controlled loci. Specifically, PRZ1 is involved in the modulation of histone modifications and corresponding adjustments in gene expression of Arabidopsis KIP RELATED PROTEIN (KRP) CDK inhibitor genes in response to auxin. Deregulated KRP expression in KRP silencer lines phenocopies prz1 hyperproliferative growth phenotypes, whereas in a KRP overexpression background some mutant phenotypes are suppressed. Collectively, our findings support a model in which translation of positional signals into developmental cues involves adjustments in chromatin modifications that orchestrate auxin effects on cell proliferation.
Odor-Structure Relationships in n-Hexenols and n-Hexenais

Abstract The relationships between the chemical structures and the odor characteristics were examined on a series of highly purified n-hexenols and n-hexenals (14 isomers). The C6-enals and the corresponding alcohols resembled in odor characteristics each other. However, the odor strength of the aldehydes was 100 - 1000 times higher than those of the alcohols. In the principal components analysis, the position of carbon-carbon double-bond in the C6-compounds was closely related to the scores of the first principal component, whereas the functional groups, hydroxy and formyl groups, were related to those of the second principal component except for (Z)-3-hexenol.
The effective drive current in CMOS inverters

A simple but accurate expression for the effective drive current, I/sub eff/, for CMOS inverter delay is obtained. We show that the choice I/sub eff/=(I/sub H/+I/sub L/)/2, where I/sub L/=I/sub ds/(V/sub gs/=V/sub dd//2,V/sub ds/=V/sub dd/), and I/sub H/=I/sub ds/(V/sub gs/=V/sub dd/,V/sub ds/=V/sub dd//2) is defined, accurately predicts inverter delay when tested against compact models over a variety of conditions and against hardware results in 90 nm node technology. Furthermore, this definition of I/sub eff/ accurately captures the delay behavior of non-traditionally scaled devices, where mobility and V/sub T//V/sub dd/ are scaled in neither a regular nor uniform manner.
Crystal structures of three lead(II) acetate-bridged diaminobenzene coordination polymers

The structures of three lead(II) coordination polymers are reported. One exhibits a two-dimensional structure, whereas the other two are one-dimensional. All three exhibit bidentate bridging acetate and monodentate benzene-1,2-diamine ligands. The extended structures reveal extensive hydrogen-bonding networks involving the diamine and acetate ligands.
Improved Population Monitoring of Bark Beetles and Predators by Incorporating Disparate Behavioral Responses to Semiochemicals

Abstract Estimating populations of both pest and natural enemy species is important in the planning and implementation of biological control. For example, synthetic pheromone lures are used to sample bark beetles, and sometimes their predators, in forest ecosystems. However, insect attraction to natural pheromone sources may differ from attraction to synthetic pheromone lures. Moreover, these differences may vary systematically between the target pest and some important natural enemies. Thus, the accuracy of both absolute and relative abundances of bark beetles and predators could vary with lure selection. We evaluated a series of synthetic lures to determine which lure gave the closest approximation to actual numbers of Ips pini (Say) and predators arriving at hosts infested with I. pini in Wisconsin. We deployed synthetic lures containing various ratios of the (+) and (−) enantiomers of the principal I. pini pheromone component, ipsdienol, with or without an additional component, lanierone. I. pini showed strong preferences for specific enantiomeric ratios of ipsdienol, and these responses were synergized by lanierone. Predators showed equally strong attraction to ipsdienol, but preferred different ratios of the stereoisomers. The addition of lanierone had no effect on predators. The most abundant predator, Thanasimus dubius (F.), showed greater preference for host material infested with I. pini than any synthetic lure. These disparities in responses, combined with strong disparities in seasonal flight patterns, provided estimates of pest to predator ratios that varied by as little as 12% to as much as 12 times, from pest:predator ratios arriving at host material infested with I. pini. These results suggest that variation between herbivores and their natural enemies in their phenology, preferred pheromone blends, and infested host material should be considered when developing estimates of relative pest and predator densities for subsequent management options.
Hemolysis is a major cause of variability in insulin measurement during oral glucose tolerance test in children.

BACKGROUND The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is widely employed to evaluate insulin resistance in children with growth hormone deficiency. Due to the difficulty in blood sampling, hemolysis is a frequent pre-analytic interference. The present study was performed to characterize the effects of hemolysis on insulin assays, in order to assess the need to generate automatic hemolysis reports and/or to reject hemolyzed samples. METHODS Insulin plasma levels were measured using a Siemens ADVIA Centaur on samples obtained from children with suspected GH deficiency at risk for insulin resistance during OGTT. RESULTS The presence of hemolysis (with a concentration of free hemoglobin above 75 mg/dL) promotes a dose- and time-dependent decrease in immunoreactive insulin at any time-point evaluated during OGTT. As a consequence, the variability of insulin is particularly high (often exceeding 100% of the mean value) as compared to that of glucose. This variability is markedly reduced after removal of the hemolyzed samples. CONCLUSIONS When hemolysis is not taken into account a misinterpretation of insulin secretion pattern can occur. It is therefore imperative to: (i) analyze blood samples immediately after sampling, (ii) reject samples with a concentration of free hemoglobin equal to or above 125 mg/dL and (iii) always report the possible interference.
Design of a Coherent Receiver Based on InAs Electron Avalanche Photodiode for Free-Space Optical Communications

In this paper, a coherent receiver based on InAs electron avalanche photodiode (e-APD) is designed for free-space optical (FSO) communications. According to the numerical simulations, it is found that the coherent receiver based on InAs e-APD can operate nearly in its shot-noise limit condition with a lower local oscillator (LO) power than traditional coherent receivers and get a better sensitivity improvement due to the gain provided by the coherent gain from the LO power and the internal gain of the e-APD. Hence, the multiple diversity receiver systems can be easier implemented and the number of the independent beams can be increased. In addition, this system is not sensitive to the change of the thermal noise of the coherent receiver and the dark current of the InAs e-APD that makes it more suitable for space environment. Furthermore, as the requirement of the internal gain for the InAs e-APD in this type of coherent receiver is not very high, the depletion region of InAs e-APD can be reduced. Hence, the coherent receiver based on InAs e-APD may become a potential choice in much higher speed FSO communication applications.
Sectores y clusters claves en la economía española

Existe un cierto consenso sobre la existencia de un binomio linkage-desarrollo, asi como que este proceso es impulsado por un numero relativamente escaso de ramas productivas. Sin embargo, la definicion y estimacion de lo que se ha venido a llamar sector clave aun esta sometida a discusion. En buena parte, la literatura existente se ha centrado en rebatir las diferentes concepciones o definiciones de lo que es o debe ser un key sector, intentando mostrar la superioridad de unas tecnicas frente a otras cuando, en nuestra opinion, todas ellas deberian ser vistas mas como aliadas que como competidoras. Otro frente de discusion ha sido el del metodo de obtencion de las ramas claves. En este trabajo se abordan diferentes tecnicas de identificacion, tomando como punto de partida la concepcion «clasica» de Rasmussen y comparando sus resultados con otras propuestas basadas en valores propios y en coeficientes importantes �MIC�. Sin embargo, la insatisfaccion que producen los resultados basados en estos metodos para los fines concretos que se persiguen, han movido a buscar otra tecnica alternativa. Esta tecnica ha sido el analisis cluster, ya sea a partir del analisis multivariante, ya sea a partir de grafos. Por ultimo, el analisis cluster ha conducido a la propuesta de un nuevo concepto que consideramos de gran utilidad, el concepto de «cluster clave».
Two strikes and you're out: gene-gene mutation interactions in HCM.

> While Ockham’s razor is a useful tool in the physical sciences, it can be a very dangerous implement in biology. It is thus very rash to use simplicity and elegance as a guide in biological research. > > —Francis Crick Gregor Mendel is credited with first understanding the fundamental characteristics of genetic inheritance through his studies of transgenerational expression of phenotypes in pea plants ( Pisum sativum ). As every middle schooler knows, through careful cross-breeding he discerned dominant and recessive modes of inheritance for, but not blending of, parental traits. He rightly concluded that inheritance is achieved through vertical transmission of trait-encoding factors that we now call genes. Article, see p 227 An important underlying assumption to Mendel’s mechanistic view of inheritance is that one inheritance unit (he called them "factors"1; we call them genes) encodes one trait. This relationship holds for the 7 pea phenotypes he cataloged, but is the exception rather than the rule in mammalian biology. For example, stature is an inherited trait, but >50 different genes are thought to contribute to human height.2 Nevertheless, heritable diseases are commonly referred to as Mendelian when they are attributed to mutations in a single gene. The public database Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (http://www.omim.org) lists >4000 Mendelian disorders with a known molecular basis, plus >1700 others with an unknown molecular basis. Although some of these diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (autosomal recessive mutation of CFTR gene), Huntington disease (autosomal dominant mutation of HTT gene), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM; autosomal dominant mutations of the MYH7 3 and other sarcomeric protein genes), are caused by mutations in one gene, even for so-called Mendelian diseases the contribution of additional genetic modifiers is yet to be well modeled. In this issue of Circulation Research , Blankenburg et al4 show how the combinatorial …
Pleiotropic Effects of GLP-1. Cardiovascular Evidence of Effectiveness

Patients with diabetes are characterized by the development of cardiovascular complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, ischemia or hypertensive etc. Therefore, the cardiovascular involvement is the leading cause of death in patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2). Despite intensive treatment on classical factors of cardiovascular disease (blood pressure levels, LDL cholesterol, etc.), patients with diabetes have a high number of cardiovascular events and the onset and prognosis of these are related to glycemic control parameters, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). On the other hand, the question of the cardiovascular protective effect of some hypoglycemic treatments has been raised, asking what he has done to know more accurately about the safety and cardiovascular effects of the treatments we have today. The two most important incretin hormones are GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1). Treatment based on GLP-1 is a novel weapon in T2DM that achieves a reduction in HbA1c with other metabolic effects: weight loss and extra effect in dyslipidemia and blood pressure. In the last years other beneficial actions such a protector effect against myocardium ischemia and other actions in basals were reported. In this article we will try to explain the evidence of GLP-1 treatments and its cardiovascular effects.
Cloning and sequencing of a Moraxella bovis pilin gene

Moraxella bovis pili have been shown to play a major role in both infectivity and protective immunity of bovine infectious keratoconjunctivitis. Sonicated M. bovis DNA from the piliated strain EPP63 was inserted into the vector lambda gt11 with EcoRI linkers. Recombinant phage were screened with an oligonucleotide probe based on the amino-terminal portion of the DNA sequence of a Neisseria gonorrhoeae pilin gene. Two candidate phages produced a protein that comigrated with EPP63 beta pilin in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels and bound anti-pilus antisera. The 1.9-kilobase insert from one of these, lambda gt11M182, was subcloned in both orientations into pBR322, forming the plasmids pMxB7 and pMxB9, both of which produced beta pilin, as did pMxB12, a HindIII deletion derivative of pMxB7. In HB101(pMxB12), the M. bovis pilin protein was shown to be primarily localized in the inner membrane. The entire 939-base-pair insert of pMxB12 was sequenced, revealing a ribosome binding site just upstream of the coding region and an AT-rich region further upstream containing some potential RNA polymerase recognition sites. The translation of the sequence predicts a six-amino-acid leader sequence preceding the phenylalanine that begins the mature protein. Codon usage analysis of the M. bovis beta pilin gene revealed greater use of the CUA codon for leucine than usual for a well-expressed Escherichia coli gene. Comparisons of the M. bovis EPP63 beta pilin protein sequence with other pilin gene sequences are presented.
Article Commentary: Immunoisolation of Cells and Tissues for Transplantation

Immunoisola t ion has been a growing area in the field of cell and tissue transplantation and is regarded as the technological key to xenotransplantat ion without immu­ nosuppress ion. Whi le immunoisolat ion has been most extensively applied to experimental islet transplantation, this technique has been successfully used with other tis­ sues, such as cells producing neurotrophic factors for the treatment of Park inson ' s , Hunt ing ton ' s , or Alzhe imer ' s diseases (4,5,7,13,14), or hepatocytes for the realization of a bioartificial liver support system (6,9,16). The con­ cept of protect ing the islet from noxious immunological or inflammatory stimuli, while al lowing it to release in­ sulin to the recipient organism, has gained increasing appeal for three main reasons: first, the shortage of do­ nor organs obliges to look for alternate sources of islets, such as the utilization of xenogeneic islets, its conse­ quence being transplantation across stronger immuno­ logical barriers; second, it has been demonstrated that pr imary nonfunction, due to exposure to inflammatory mediators , is a major cause of islet graft loss; third, newly transplanted islets are exposed to the au to immune destruction mechan isms that occur in type I diabetes (3).
Possible contribution of XYY syndrome to neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a child receiving quetiapine.

PURPOSE A case of early neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) in a child with XYY syndrome after three weeks of quetiapine therapy is reported. SUMMARY A four-year-old, 23-kg boy with a history of oppositional defiant disorder, mood disorder, and XYY syndrome was brought to the emergency care center (ECC) for evaluation secondary to somnolence, gait disturbances, and altered mental status. Three weeks prior, he was started on a daily oral dose of quetiapine 25 mg; this was adjusted upward to 400 mg daily. He had been experiencing episodes of severe confusion, somnolence, and extreme agitation. He was also ataxic and unbalanced on his feet. Upon evaluation at the ECC, he was found to have an elevated creatine kinase (CK) concentration, as well as elevated CK-MB and CK-MM levels, both of which were indicative of skeletal muscle damage. He was slightly diaphoretic and displayed mild rigidity accompanied by varying degrees of agitation and confusion. The diagnosis of NMS secondary to quetiapine therapy was made. Quetiapine was discontinued, and the patient was admitted for observation. His symptoms steadily resolved over the course of his hospital stay, and his total CK levels, as well as CK isoenzyme levels, fell over the course of observation. Quetiapine was not restarted at discharge, and no new medications were prescribed. CONCLUSION A four-year-old boy with XYY syndrome developed signs and symptoms consistent with early NMS after three weeks of quetiapine therapy. High-dose quetiapine, along with possible baseline liver dysfunction secondary to XYY syndrome, may have contributed to the development of NMS in this patient, which resolved after the discontinuation of quetiapine.
Drug Offers as a Context for Violence Perpetration and Victimization

Drug use has been linked empirically with and aggression and violence among youth in national and State of Hawai'i samples. However, the nature of this link and its implications for prevention are unclear. Therefore, this article explores the intersection of drugs with aggression and violence by using the drug offer context as the unit of analysis. Native Hawaiian youth are sampled because substance use rates tend to be higher and onset tends to be earlier for them than for their non-Hawaiian peers. Fourteen sex-specific focus group discussions were held with rural Native Hawaiian middle school students (N = 64). Students discussed what they think they would do in terms of drug refusal strategies in a variety of drug offer contexts. Although aggression and violence were perceived to be socially inappropriate, students nonetheless felt drug use would be less socially competent. Narrative analyses indicated that aggression and violence were thought to function as potential drug refusal strategies. As proximal drug resistance, aggression and violence perpetration served as an immediate deterrent to the drug offerer and thus drug use. As distal drug resistance, victimization served as a rationale for avoiding drug using contexts. Implications are discussed in terms of prevention policy and practice, specifically in terms of a school-based prevention curriculum. Future research in Hawaiian epistemology and gendered approaches are warranted.
In vivo experimental study on the effects of fluid in increasing the efficiency of radiofrequency ablation.

BACKGROUND Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the most widely used and studied method internationally for the local treatment of liver tumors. However, the extension of coagulation necrosis in one RFA procedure is limited and incomplete coverage of the damaged area can lead to a high local recurrence rate. OBJECTIVE In this study, we compared the effects of different solutions in enhancing hepatic radiofrequency by establishing a rabbit VX2 liver cancer model. We also determined the optimal solution to maximise effects on the extent of RFA-induced coagulation necrosis. METHODS Thirty VX2 tumor rabbits were randomly assigned to five groups: group A, RFA alone; group B, RFA with anhydrous ethanol injection; group C, RFA with 5% hypertonic saline injection; group D, RFA with lidocaine injection; and group E, RFA with a mixed solution. Routine ultrasound examinations and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of the ablation areas were performed after RFA. Then, we measured the major axis and transverse diameter and compared the areas of coagulation necrosis induced by RFA. RESULTS The mean ablation area range increased in groups B, C and especially E, and the scopes were greater compared with group A. Preoperative application of anhydrous ethanol, hypertonic saline, lidocaine and the mixed solution (groups B, C, D and E, respectively) resulted in larger coagulation necrosis areas than in group A (p<0.05). Among the groups, the coagulation necrosis areas in group E was largest, and the difference was statistically significant compared with other groups (p<0.05). Pathological findings were consistent with imaging results. CONCLUSIONS A mixture of dehydrated alcohol, hypertonic saline and lidocaine injected with RFA increases the extent of coagulation necrosis in the liver with a single application, and the mixed solution is more effective than any other injection alone.