Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classification of typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs on the basis of dopamine D-1, D-2 and serotonin2 pKi values.

The pKi values of 13 reference typical and 7 reference atypical antipsychotic drugs (APDs) for rat striatal dopamine D-1 and D-2 receptor binding sites and cortical serotonin (5-HT2) receptor binding sites were determined. The atypical antipsychotics had significantly lower pKi values for the D-2 but not 5-HT2 binding sites. There was a trend for a lower pKi value for the D-1 binding site for the atypical APD. The 5-HT2 and D-1 pKi values were correlated for the typical APD whereas the 5-HT2 and D-2 pKi values were correlated for the atypical APD. A stepwise discriminant function analysis to determine the independent contribution of each pKi value for a given binding site to the classification as a typical or atypical APD entered the D-2 pKi value first, followed by the 5-HT2 pKi value. The D-1 pKi value was not entered. A discriminant function analysis correctly classified 19 of 20 of these compounds plus 14 of 17 additional test compounds as typical or atypical APD for an overall correct classification rate of 89.2%. The major contributors to the discriminant function were the D-2 and 5-HT2 pKi values. A cluster analysis based only on the 5-HT2/D2 ratio grouped 15 of 17 atypical + one typical APD in one cluster and 19 of 20 typical + two atypical APDs in a second cluster, for an overall correct classification rate of 91.9%. When the stepwise discriminant function was repeated for all 37 compounds, only the D-2 and 5-HT2 pKi values were entered into the discriminant function. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Enhanced Vanillin Production from Recombinant E.coli Using NTG Mutagenesis and Adsorbent Resin

Vanillin production was tested with different concentrations of added ferulic acid in E. coli harboring plasmid pTAHEF containing fcs (feruloyl‐CoA synthase) and ech (enoyl‐CoA hydratase/aldolase) genes cloned from Amycolatopsis sp. strain HR104. The maximum production of vanillin from E. coli DH5α harboring pTAHEF was found to be 1.0 g/L at 2.0 g/L of ferulic acid for 48 h of culture. To improve the vanillin production by reducing its toxicity, two approaches were followed: (1) generation of vanillin‐resistant mutant of NTG‐VR1 through NTG mutagenesis and (2) removal of toxic vanillin from the medium by XAD‐2 resin absorption. The vanillin production of NTG‐VR1 increased to three times at 5 g/L of ferulic acid when compared with its wild‐type strain. When 50% (w/v) of XAD‐2 resin was employed in culture with 10 g/L of ferulic acid, the vanillin production of NTG‐VR1 was 2.9 g/L, which was 2‐fold higher than that obtained with no use of the resin.
Optimization-based formation of autonomous mobile robots

SUMMARY The formation of autonomous mobile robots to an arbitrary geometric pattern in a distributed fashion is a fundamental problem in formation control. This paper presents a new asynchronous, memoryless (oblivious) algorithm to the formation problem via distributed optimization techniques. The optimization minimizes an appropriately defined difference function between the current robot distribution and the target geometric pattern. The optimization processes are performed independently by individual robots in their local coordinate systems. A movement strategy derived from the results of the distributed optimizations guarantees that every movement makes the current robot configuration approaches the target geometric pattern until the final pattern is reached.
Internal marketing: a review and some interdisciplinary research challenges

Presents an interdisciplinary literature review and research agenda and suggests a number of propositions, in advance of new fieldwork, to discover a revised or new theory of internal marketing as it relates to organizational change management. The literature on marketing, services marketing, corporate strategy, total quality management, operations management, human resource management, and organizational development reveals a body of work referring to or describing an “internal marketing” concept or internal customer concept. This seems to have grown out of an organizational internal communications perspective and the notion of an “inner market” in the organization comprising “internal customers”. Provides an extensive overview of tactical and strategic issues relating to internal marketing. Presents a resulting model and includes a comprehensive bibliography is included, with suggestions for some themes for possible fruitful research in this area of change management and service quality management.
The Assessment for Performance of M&As Using DEA/MPI Approach with BSC Indicators

In pursuit of business sustainability, high-tech enterprises seek an approach that can improve their competitive advantages, especially through mergers and acquisitions (MA this study uses a data envelopment analysis combined with balanced scorecard indicators to examine changes in efficiency. A non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Malmquist productivity index also analyze productivity changes. The results confirm that M&As do not provide a means to short-circuit the process of organic growth. A successful M&A requires firms to recognize how to integrate appropriate partners within the strategy of the relevant business.
Can the US Import "Sunlight" from New Zealand? An Assessment of New Zealand's Model for Corporate Financial Disclosure

The New Zealand Companies Office requires businesses to disclose certain details of their operations to the public in order to curb financial abuses and facilitate economic development. In the US the Securities and Exchange Commission operates a similar kind of corporate disclosure program to shine "sunlight" on corporate activity. This report examines several elements of New Zealand's model for corporate financial disclosure and assesses the desirability of adopting those elements in the US regulatory regime.The report outlines major issues facing US disclosure operations and outlines reasons for US policy makers to consider approaches taken by New Zealand. The report then investigates those approaches including (1) a service-oriented organizational design separated in a systematic manner from legal policy work and enforcement work (2) a self-funded financial structure based on the "user pays" principle and (3) an information technology architecture based on principles of design transparency data interoperability code standardization and functional reusability. The report examines these areas in some detail and then assesses certain risks that New Zealand may face with its particular model. Based on this assessment the report then concludes by laying out specific recommendations for improvements in US corporate financial disclosure operations.
Diagnostic ultrasound for nerve transection

The current approach for localizing and assessing the severity of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries involves clinical evaluation and electrodiagnostic studies. However, the ability of this approach to determine the extent of nerve damage within the first 6 weeks after trauma is limited. This is problematic because outcome is improved with early surgical intervention after complete nerve transection. This led us to explore alternative techniques, such as imaging, for assessing peripheral nerve injuries. Twelve fresh cadavers were obtained and after inspection 20 arms were deemed suitable for inclusion in the study. Random sites were transected in median, ulnar, and radial nerves, and sham skin incisions were performed throughout the arm. These nerves were then systematically scanned by an ultrasonographer blinded to the nerve transection sites, who made a final decision as to whether the nerve was transected. High‐resolution ultrasound was able to identify transected nerves in the upper extremity with 89% sensitivity and 95% specificity in fresh cadavers. This proof‐of‐concept study shows that ultrasound can accurately identify nerve transection, which should lead to further ultrasound studies in patients with traumatic peripheral nerve injuries. Muscle Nerve, 2007
Dopaminergic Correlates of Sensory-Specific Satiety in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Nucleus Accumbens of the Rat

Changes in dopamine (DA) efflux in the medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens of rats were monitored using in vivo microdialysis during sensory-specific satiety experiments. Rats consumed significant amounts of a palatable food during an initial meal but ate little when the same food was available as a second meal. In contrast, rats given a different palatable food ate a significant quantity during the second meal. DA efflux in both brain regions reflected this difference in food intake, indicating that DA activity is influenced by changes in the deprivation state of animals and sensory incentive properties of food. Given the proposed role of DA in motivated behaviors, these findings suggest that DA efflux may signal the relative incentive salience of foods and thus is a determinant of the pattern of food consumption observed in sensory-specific satiety.
Molecular Characterization of Repetitive DNA Sequences from B Chromosome in Plantago lagopus L.

In Plantagolagopus the B chromosome has been reported by our laboratory to be the result of massive amplification of ribosomal DNA sequences. However, the presence of transposable elements and other repetitive DNA sequences together with rDNA could not be ruled out. The present study clearly demonstrated the presence of transposable elements in the B chromosomes. These transposable elements were characterized and their nature assessed. Physical mapping using double fluorescent in situ hybridization was performed using DNA probes for 5S and copia elements. The results clearly proved that the B chromosome is a mix of 5S, 45S rDNA and transposable elements. Based on the FISH and Fiber-FISH patterns, it can be concluded that while 45S rDNA sequences are restricted to the subtelomeric regions, the 5S rDNA sequences are interspersed with transposons in the body of the B chromosome. These results have further enhanced our understanding of the organization and evolution of B chromosomes.
Housing Markets in Spain and the US: Some Lessons for India

India suffers from severe housing shortages, especially for the economically weaker sections of the society. And the house prices have been booming for nearly a decade. The markets are opaque, price indices have not been developed, market suffers from absence of regulator and there is no redressal mechanism in place. The procedure for constructing and purchasing a house in India is varies across the country, legal practices are unclear, and laws pertaining to acquiring of land or a house are neither transparent nor uniform. Therefore, housing markets have not developed in India. The paper seeks to learn from the experience of housing sector in Spain and the USA that have developed over decades. The housing markets in both the countries are well developed, and more significantly have created transparent systems for the convenience of citizens. The procedures are standardized and there is transparency in the pricing of products, procedures to be followed and availability of legal recourse. India needs to put in place a number of systems, laws and institutions to ensure that housing sector develops in a balanced fashion.
β-Spectrin Regulates the Hippo Signaling Pathway and Modulates the Basal Actin Network*

Background: The Hippo signaling pathway is regulated by mechanical signals from the cytoskeleton. Results: Perturbation of the spectrin cytoskeleton lead to loss of Hippo signaling phenotypes in Drosophila and mammalian cells. Conclusion: β-Spectrin regulates Hippo signaling activity in Drosophila and mammalian cells. Significance: The spectrin cytoskeleton can function as a tension-sensing system and feed into the Hippo pathway. Emerging evidence suggests functional regulation of the Hippo pathway by the actin cytoskeleton, although the detailed molecular mechanism remains incomplete. In a genetic screen, we identified a requirement for β-Spectrin in the posterior follicle cells for the oocyte repolarization process during Drosophila mid-oogenesis. β-spectrin mutations lead to loss of Hippo signaling activity in the follicle cells. A similar reduction of Hippo signaling activity was observed after β-Spectrin knockdown in mammalian cells. We further demonstrated that β-spectrin mutations disrupt the basal actin network in follicle cells. The abnormal stress fiber-like actin structure on the basal side of follicle cells provides a likely link between the β-spectrin mutations and the loss of the Hippo signaling activity phenotype.
Fentanyl bolus induces muscle tremors in sevoflurane-anaesthetized piglets

Intravenous fentanyl (10 mcg/kg) or saline (control) was randomly administered to 10 healthy sevoflurane-mono-anaesthetized piglets. Trembling was assessed by two blinded observers using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a simple ordinal scale at baseline and 5 min (T5) after drug administration. If no trembling was observed at that time point, the opposite treatment was administered and piglets were re-evaluated after another 5 min (T10). Four out of five piglets showed trembling after fentanyl (T5), while none given saline showed any trembling. With fentanyl the VAS scores were significantly higher at T5 compared either with baseline or with the control treatment. Control animals received fentanyl after the 5 min evaluation and all piglets showed clear trembling afterwards. The median time after fentanyl administration until first muscle tremors was 51 (20–840) s. In summary, nine out of 10 sevoflurane-anaesthetized piglets showed muscle tremors after intravenous fentanyl. Tremors subsided over time and no specific treatment was necessary.
Incidence of major depression in a very elderly population

Depression is considered to be a major health problem in the elderly. Due to methodological problems, there are few studies on the incidence of depression in old age. The present study examines the prevalence of depression in a 3‐year follow‐up study of a non‐depressed very elderly population, thus estimating the incidence.
Research on Profit Division in Supply Chains Based on Stackelberg Game with Buyback Contract

Considering a two-stage supply chain consisting of a supplier and a retailer,a Stackelberg game of profit division is established. With buyback contract employed in the game as a profit division approach,equilibrium process is analysed when the supplier is in the dominating station. Equilibrium analysis shows that the retailer can only get the reserved profit,while the supplier can obtain all the profit leaved,and the parameters made by supplier can also coordinate the supply chain to the optimal level.
DYNAMICAL INSTABILITIES IN HIGH-OBLIQUITY SYSTEMS

High-inclination circumplanetary orbits that are gravitationally perturbed by the central star can undergo Kozai oscillations—large-amplitude, coupled variations in the orbital eccentricity and inclination. We first study how this effect is modified by incorporating perturbations from the planetary oblateness. Tremaine et al. found that, for planets with obliquities >68. °875, orbits in the equilibrium local Laplace plane are unstable to eccentricity perturbations over a finite radial range and execute large-amplitude chaotic oscillations in eccentricity and inclination. In the hope of making that treatment more easily understandable, we analyze the problem using orbital elements, confirming this threshold obliquity. Furthermore, we find that orbits inclined to the Laplace plane will be unstable over a broader radial range, and that such orbits can go unstable for obliquities less than 68. °875. Finally, we analyze the added effects of radiation pressure, which are important for dust grains and provide a natural mechanism for particle semimajor axes to sweep via Poynting–Robertson drag through any unstable range. For low-eccentricity orbits in the equilibrium Laplace plane, we find that generally the effect persists; however, the unstable radial range is shifted and small retrograde particles can avoid the instability altogether. We argue that this occurs because radiation pressure modifies the equilibrium Laplace plane.
Effect of adrenal steroids on vasopressin-stimulated PGE synthesis and water flow.

Page F532: R. M. Zusman, H. R. Keiser, and J. S. Handler. “Effect of adrenal steroids on vasopressin-stimulated PGE synthesis and water flow. ” Page F536: The illustration in Figure 3 should have appeared as Figure 4. The illustration in Figure 4 should have appeared as Figure 3.
A conceptual model and empirical examination of the effect of service guarantees on post‐purchase consumption evaluations

Empirically evaluates a model of service guarantees by addressing the impact of a service guarantee on consumers’ satisfaction evaluations. Proposes a model suggesting that the differentiating and signaling properties of a guarantee can influence service provider satisfaction and that a service guarantee may capitalize on the coproduction nature of services to increase consumer self‐satisfaction and overall satisfaction. Finds empirical support that a guarantee can influence post‐consumption evaluations, even in the absence of service failure and the guarantee being invoked, and therefore suggests that a service guarantee may influence consumer satisfaction even if the service is already highly reliable.
Understand Your Stakeholders

In the last decades of the 20th century, the word "stakeholder" has become more commonly used to mean a person or organization that has a legitimate interest in a project or entity. In discussing the decision-making process for institutions – including large business corporations, Government agencies, and non-profit organizations – the concept has been broadened to include everyone with an interest (or "stake") in what the entity does. This includes not only its vendors, employees, and customers, but even members of a community where its offices or factory may affect the local economy or environment. In this context, "stakeholder" includes not only the directors or trustees on its governing board (who are stakeholders in the traditional sense of the word) but also all persons who "paid in" the figurative stake and the persons to whom it may be "paid out". We need to work out ways and means by which we balance the demands of all stakeholders and fulfill them. It is mainly the way in which we deal, the transparency in our dealing, the sincere approach we make towards understanding the requirements and to fulfill them, the speed of response and the smile on face. A timely smile can reduce half the dissatisfaction.
Effect of experimental zinc deficiency and repletion on some immunological variables in guinea-pigs

1. Cellular and humoral immune responses were studied in guinea-pigs fed on zinc-deficient (ZnD), Zn-adequate (control) and Zn-replete diets containing 1·25, 50 and 100 mg Zn/kg diet respectively. 2. It was found that the ZnD guinea-pigs had significantly decreased ability to elicit delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response against sheep erythrocytes as compared with controls on the 9th day of immunization. This was further substantiated by histological examination of DTH-positive skin sections. 3. A significant reduction in direct splenic plaque-forming-cell response and haemagglutinating-antibody titre was also observed in ZnD guinea-pigs. 4. Serum electrophoretic studies revealed a highly disordered protein profile with a significantly depressed value for γ-globulin. 5. Zn repletion of the previously ZnD group resulted in marked, though incomplete, restoration of immunological responses.
Empirical study of software project risk factors

In software development process, identifying the key risks factors are the important premise for the risk management and project cost and schedule controlled. Based on the analysis of literature study, project interviews and expert consultation, 47 potential risk factors are put forward from requirements, organizational environment, user, technology, personnel, plan and control and market. Then, through questionnaires, factor analysis and regression analysis, 8 factors and 38 risk factors are identified, which constitutes the key risk factors set of software project.
Changes in Blood Perfusion and Hypoxia after Irradiation of a Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma Xenograft Tumor Line

Abstract Bussink, J., Kaanders, J. H. A. M. , Rijken, P. F. J. W. , Raleigh, J. A. and Van der Kogel, A. J. Changes in Blood Perfusion and Hypoxia after Irradiation of a Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma Xenograft Tumor Line. The effect of irradiation depends on the oxygenation status of the tissue, while irradiation itself also changes the oxygenation and perfusion status of tissues. A better understanding of the changes in tumor oxygenation and perfusion over time after irradiation will allow a better planning of fractionated radiotherapy in combination with modifiers of blood flow and oxygenation. Vascular architecture (endothelial marker), perfusion (Hoechst 33342) and oxygenation (pimonidazole) were studied in a human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tumor line grown as xenografts in nude mice. The effect of a single dose of 10 Gy X rays on these parameters was evaluated from 2 h to 11 days after irradiation. Shortly after irradiation, there was an 8% increase in perfused blood vessels (from 57% to 65%) followed by a significant decrease, with a minimum value of 42% at 26 h after irradiation, and a subsequent increase to control levels at 7 to 11 days after irradiation. The hypoxic fraction showed a decrease at 7 h after treatment from 13% to 5% with an increase to 19% at 11 days after irradiation. These experiments show that irradiation causes rapid changes in oxygenation and perfusion which may have consequences for the optimal timing of radiotherapy schedules employing multiple fractions per day and the introduction of oxygenation- and perfusion-modifying drugs.
Flavonoids activate wild-type p53.

Flavonoids are diphenyl propanoids widely distributed in edible plants. They play a dual role in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Some of them act as anticarcinogens or inhibit the growth of tumour cells, whereas others act as cocarcinogens, are mutagenic or able to induce DNA damage. To further elucidate this dual role, we investigated the influence of apigenin, luteolin and quercetin on the tumour suppressor protein p53, regarding p53 accumulation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and biological activity. We found that incubation of the non-tumour cell line C3H10T1/2CL8 with these flavonoids resulted in induction of p53 accumulation and apoptosis. Apoptosis occurred out of the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. The G2/M arrest seems to be p53-dependent as it did not occur in p53 knockout fibroblasts which further supports the recent finding that p53 is involved in the G2/M checkpoint control. Differences between the flavonoids tested concerned p53 accumulation kinetics as well as the biological activity of accumulated p53 and might be due to different modes of flavonoid action. These data suggest that both aspects of flavonoid effects, i.e. inhibition of tumour growth through cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis, are functionally related to p53.