Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Indoor Dead Reckoning Localization Using Ultrasonic Anemometer with IMU

Dead reckoning is an important aspect of estimating the instantaneous position of a mobile robot. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) is generally used for dead reckoning because it measures triaxis acceleration and triaxis angular velocities in order to estimate the position of the mobile robot. Positioning with inertial data is reasonable for a short period of time. However, the velocity, position, and attitude errors increase over time. Much research has been conducted in ways to reduce these errors. To position a mobile robot, an absolute positioning method can be combined with dead reckoning. The performance of a combined positioning method can be improved based on improvement in dead reckoning. In this paper, an ultrasonic anemometer is used to improve the performance of dead reckoning when indoors. A new approach to the equation of an ultrasonic anemometer is proposed. The ultrasonic anemometer prevents divergence of the mobile robot’s velocity. To position a mobile robot indoors, the ultrasonic anemometer measures the relative movement of air while the robot moves through static air. Velocity data from the ultrasonic anemometer and the acceleration and angular velocity data from the IMU are combined via Kalman filter. Finally we show that the proposed method has the performance with a positioning method using encoders on a good floor condition.
Regulating cytoplasmic oxalate homeostasis by Acyl activating enzyme3 is critical for plant Al tolerance

ABSTRACT Oxalic acid is the simplest of the dicarboxylic acids. In addition to its role in biological and metabolic processes, oxalate has been implicated in biotic and abiotic stresses. Being a strong chelator of Al, oxalate also has pivotal role in Al resistance mechanisms. However, we demonstrated that cytoplasmic oxalate accumulation is a critical event leading to root growth inhibition under Al stress. Transcriptome analysis from three crop plants identified Acyl Activating Enzyme3 (AAE3) genes to be upregulated by Al stress. These AAE3 proteins display high sequence identity to known AAE3 proteins, suggesting they are oxalyl-CoA synthetases specifically involved in oxalate degradation. However, phylogenetic analysis revealed divergence of AAE3 between monocots and dicots, pointing to the necessity for functional characterization of AAE3 proteins from other plant species with respect to Al stress.
Role Perceptions and Job Satisfaction of Community College Faculty.

This study examined the role perceptions of full-time faculty members at a large mid-Atlantic community college, focusing on role conflicts and levels of job satisfaction. One hundred and seventy-seven faculty members responded to surveys, and 20 participated in four focus groups organized according to race and gender, which yielded descriptive demographic, role conflict, and job satisfaction data. The primary conclusion drawn from this study is that faculty at this community college are generally satisfied with their roles. Faculty members who responded were comfortable with themselves as teachers and believed they played a role in helping students reach their academic and personal goals. White women and black men are more likely to report higher levels of role conflict, caused by a lack of agreement between the actual requirements of a role and the perceived expectations of the individual in that role. More differences in perceptions of job satisfaction and role conflicts were uncovered through the focus groups than through the survey. Faculty members report that the goals of the community college differ from those of four-year institutions in that they see their work as providing educational opportunities for disadvantaged students, thus they derive satisfaction from the success of these students. Contains 81 references. (AS) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA Role Perceptions and Job Satisfaction of Community College
TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR IS A BRAIN DAMAGING CYTOKINE IN CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA

Two contrasting roles, one beneficial and the injurious, have been proposed for tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. Reported here are results obtained in a standard model of permanent focal cortical ischemia in rats, in which the volume of cerebral infarction is measured after permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Administration of neutralizing anti-rat TNF antibodies (PI14) into the brain cortex significantly reduced ischemic brain damage (85% reduced infarct volume as compared with preimmune-treated controls). Similar results were achieved by systemic administration of CNI-1493, a recently described tetravalent guanylhydrazone compound, which effectively inhibited endogenous brain TNF synthesis and conferred significant protection against the development of cerebral infarction (80% reduced infarct volume as compared with vehicle controls treated 1 h postischemia with 10 mg/kg). PI14 anti-TNF and CNI-1493 were each cerebroprotective when given within a clinically relevant time window for up to 2 h after the onset of ischemia. These findings establish an important, pathophysiological role of TNF in mediating the progression of ischemic brain damage, and suggest that inhibiting TNF with CNI-1493 may be beneficial in the future treatment of stroke.
A zero-time-overhead asynchronous four-phase controller

Asynchronous single-rail datapath implementations turn out to be superior to the dual-rail implementations in some dimensions; they consume less energy and require less circuit area. However, there still exist area overhead of matched delay elements and control time overhead of the four-phase handshake protocol. In this paper, we introduce a new interface so that such time overhead can be reused as a part of the matched delay. Consequently, the time overhead can be zero, and the amount of components used for composing the matched delay can be dramatically reduced. The larger the control time overhead is, the smaller the delay chain becomes. The full performance and low-power advantages of asynchronous circuits can be obtained. We demonstrate this on a single-rail differential equation solver.
The Use of Current Hemodynamic Monitors and Echocardiography in Resuscitation of the Critically Ill or Injured Patient

Successful management of the traumatically injured patient is governed by the rapid identification of specific injuries followed by prompt and appropriate therapeutic intervention. Courses such as the American College of Surgeons Advanced Trauma Life Support provide physicians with ‘‘a safe, reliable method for immediate management of the injured patient and the basic knowledge necessary to assess the patient’s condition rapidly and accuratelyy[and]yresuscitate and stabilize the patient according to priorityy’’ To this end, trauma surgeons, emergency department physicians, anesthesiologists, and intensivists use a wide array of tools to diagnose and manage problems in these patients. Over the last 20 years, echocardiography has been used more frequently for the rapid assessment and management critically ill and injured patients. The supporting literature for echocardiographic assessment and management of critically ill patients in general is significant. Many articles also more specifically describe the use of echocardiography for the trauma patient. This article reviews the current modalities of resuscitation monitoring and provides direction for incorporation of routine transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography (TTE or TEE) in the resuscitation of the traumatically injured patient.
SEUs Induced by Thermal to High-Energy Neutrons in SRAMs

We report on experimental SEU studies using thermal and high-energy neutrons, conducted at the TRIUMF facility, Vancouver. Different SRAM samples were used and many samples showed to be highly susceptible to thermal neutrons. Moreover, a considerable part of the total SEU-rate, at high altitudes as well as down at sea level, may be attributed to thermal neutrons for RAM based devices
Quantifying the unimportance of prior probabilities in a computer vision problem

An empirical investigation of the importance of accurate assessment of prior probabilities in a typical visual classification problem, handwritten ZIP code recognition, is presented. Prior probabilities for individual digits and entire ZIP codes were investigated; the results for priors of individual digits are summarized. In studies of prior distributions over entire ZIP codes, it was found that the qualitative information had a major effect on the efficacy of the algorithm, whereas quantitative information was relatively unimportant. It is concluded that precise estimation of prior probabilities is unnecessary in the domain of computer vision, whereas accurate qualitative assessment of possibilities is important. <<ETX>>
Parallel NGS Assembly Using Distributed Assembly Graphs Enriched with Biological Knowledge

High performance computing has become essential for many biomedical applications as the production of biological data continues to increase. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies are capable of producing millions to even billions of short DNA fragments called reads. These short reads are assembled into larger sequences called contigs by graph theoretic software tools called assemblers. High performance computing has been applied to reduce the computational burden of several steps of the NGS data assembly process. Several parallel de Bruijn graph assemblers rely on a distributed assembly graph. However, the majority of assemblers that utilize distributed assembly graphs do not take the input properties of the data set into consideration to improve the graph partitioning process. Furthermore, the graph theoretic foundation for the majority of these assemblers is a distributed de Bruijn graph. In this paper, we introduce a distributed overlap graph based model upon which our parallel assembler Focus is built. The contribution of this paper is three-fold. First, we demonstrate that the application of data specific knowledge regarding the inherent linearity of DNA sequences can be used to improve the partitioning processes for distributing the assembly graph. Second, we implement several parallel graph algorithms for assembly with greatly improved speedup. Finally, we demonstrate that for metagenomics datasets, the graph partitioning provides insights into the structure of the microbial community.
Unicidad del equilibrio de Nash-Cournot bajo correspondencias contractivas de mejor respuesta

En este trabajo se muestran condiciones para la unicidad del equilibrio de Nash-Cournot para un juego de n-firmas. Estas condiciones garantizan que las funciones de mejor respuesta para n-firmas que compiten en forma oligopolica a la Cournot sean contracciones y generalizan las condiciones de concavidad generalmente consideradas para este fin.
Immigrant Children in Canadian Schools: Factors Affecting Academic Performance Including Social Integration

Alarmingly, previous studies found the academic performance of immigrant and first generation children in Western societies are inferior to the academic performance of their nonimmigrant counterparts. Often, this finding has been used as a causal argument to the lower educational attainment, employment and material/financial outcomes of this demographic in their adult years. If this set of propositions were true, then Canada faces and will continue to face serious public policy challenges because this demographic constitutes approximately 20% of all children in Canada. To explore this public policy scenario, this study aims to verify if children in Canada experiences this academic gap using OLS regression models from the first three cycles of Statistics Canada‟s* National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY). Contrary to other studies, the results show that all children in Canadian schools perform at similar academic levels. Some evidence was found, though limited, about the declining academic aptitude of immigrant children after attending and integrating in Canadian schools which suggests an opposite outcome to the predominant arguments and results found in existing literature. The paper also argues and finds that for the most part, academic difference are driven by the students‟ linguistic skills, their ability to get along with others, and participation in social activities, as well as their parents‟ attitudes towards education, and their family‟s socio-economic status (SES) rather than the students‟ country of birth or immigrant status. *While the research and analysis are based on data from Statistics Canada, the opinions expressed do not represent the views of Statistics Canada. Immigrant Children in Canadian Schools 4
Développement d'une source laser ultra-brève, stabilisée en phase et à haut contraste, pour l'optique relativiste haute cadence

L'interaction laser-plasma a tres haute intensite (I " 1015 W/cm2) avec des impulsions ultra-courtes ( t " 100 fs) est un domaine en plein essor car il offre l'opportunite d'etudier des phenomenes physiques toujours plus brefs, regroupes sous l'appellation " science attoseconde ". L'interaction laser-plasma promet aussi l'avenement de nouvelles sources pour la generation de faisceaux de particules et de rayonnement X tres energetiques. Notre demarche se concentre sur la generation d'impulsions attosecondes sur miroir plasma a partir d'impulsions de quelques cycles optiques ( 5 fs a 800 nm), a haut taux de repetition (1 kHz) et avec un controle fin des parametres laser. La generation et le controle temporel et spatial de l'emission d'harmoniques d'ordres eleves dans le regime non-relativiste ont recemment ete demontres par le groupe. L'objectif suivant est d'atteindre le regime relativiste, qui necessite une intensite sur cible plus elevee. Ce travail de these s'inscrit donc dans la logique d'ameliorer les performances de la chaine existante en termes d'energie et de contraste temporel, tout en preservant les autres parametres cles. Pour repondre a ces defis, l'objectif a ete de mettre au point une architecture laser basee sur l'amplification a derive de frequence (CPA) delivrant des impulsions de 5 mJ, 5 fs a 1 kHz, avec un contraste temporel C = 1011 et une phase absolue (CEP) stabilisee a 200 mrad rms. La problematique de l'amelioration du contraste par la technique de generation de polarisation croisee (XPW) occupe une place centrale dans ce memoire. Une etude extensive du mecanisme XPW a ete menee. Elle a permis de confronter resultats experimentaux et developpements theoriques dans les regimes dits " extremes " tels que la generation a tres haut rendement et le filtrage d'impulsions de quelques cycles optiques. En outre, un nouveau schema de filtrage adaptable sur une large gamme d'energie (de 100 μJ a 10 mJ) et efficace (20%) a ete realise. La compression des impulsions d'un facteur superieur a deux avec ce schema a egalement ete demontree. La nouvelle chaine laser inclut un tel filtre dans une configuration en double CPA dont les performances finales visees sont les suivantes : 10 mJ, 20 fs, C = 1011 et CEP = 200 mrad rms. Le schema d'etirement/compression a fait l'objet d'une etude detaillee pour permettre un etirement eleve (50 ps) tout en restant compact pour preserver la stabilite CEP. La configuration adoptee consiste en un etireur verre, un filtre acousto-optique dispersif programmable et un compresseur "grismes". Le memoire presente enfin les perspectives de post-compression dans une fibre creuse remplie d'un gaz rare pour obtenir des impulsions de 5 mJ, 5 fs, C = 1011, CEP = 200 mrad rms a 1 kHz.
Una aproximación ontológica al modelado de conocimiento en los dominios de planificación

Historicamente la comunidad de planificacion ha concentrado sus esfuerzos en la creacion de potentes algoritmos de busqueda para resolver problemas en dominios muy sencillos en los que se usa muy poco conocimiento. Sin embargo, cuando intentamos utilizar tecnicas de planificacion para resolver problemas del mundo real nos encontrarnos con dominios ricos en conocimiento, dificiles de modelar y con gran cantidad de informacion asociada. En este tipo de dominios surgen nuevos problemas relacionados con la adquisicion y gestion de grandes bases de conocimiento. Nuestra propuesta consiste en utilizar ontologias para modelar el conocimiento de caracter estatico asociado a estos dominios. En concreto, nos centraremos en un tipo de ontologias con una base formal bien fundada (las logicas descriptivas) que ofrecen un buen compromiso entre expresividad y complejidad computacional. Ademas, estas ontologias son uno de los pilares fundamentales de la web semantica, por lo que existe toda la infraestructura montada a su alrededor de la que podemos aprovecharnos: lenguajes estandar, editores visuales, sistemas de razonamiento, etc. Uno de los objetivos de este trabajo consiste en estudiar que pueden aportar las ontologias y toda esta infraestructura montada a su alrededor al modelado del conocimiento asociado a los dominios de planificacion. Por otra parte, las ontologias proporcionan un vocabulario rico con el que poder expresar conocimiento usando distintos niveles de detalle. Esta capacidad de razonamiento abstracto permite realizar inferencias interesantes a partir del conocimiento disponible. Ademas, permite plantear problemas de planificacion abstractos cuyas soluciones pueden aplicarse a multitud de problemas concretos, algo que resulta especialmente interesante en aproximaciones basadas en casos. En este trabajo tambien investigaremos como podemos aprovechar la capacidad de razonamiento a distintos niveles de abstraccion de las logicas descriptivas.
Is it time for hepcidin to join the diagnostic toolkit for iron deficiency?

Evaluation of: van Santen S, van Dongen-Lases EC, de Vegt F et al. Hepcidin and hemoglobin content parameters in the diagnosis of iron deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis patients with anemia. Arthritis Rheum. 63(12), 3672–3680 (2011). The diagnostic value of hepcidin, the master regulator of iron metabolism, as an index of iron status is being intensively investigated. van Santen et al. have reported the value of hepcidin as a test for iron deficiency in both noninflamed and inflamed anemic patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Their data show that serum hepcidin identifies iron deficiency in anemic rheumatoid arthritis patients. Based on these results, the authors offer cutoffs for hepcidin and propose an algorithm to diagnose iron deficiency in this setting. This study provides insight into the physiology of hepcidin regulation in patients with coexisting iron deficiency and inflammation.
Oxidation of the bisdihydrofuran moieties of aflatoxin B1 and sterigmatocystin; conformation of tetrahydrofurobenzofurans.

Attempts to prepare and isolate the products of epoxidation of the vinyl ether moieties of the two metabolites aflatoxin B1(1) and sterigmatocystin (2) gave only trans-glycol derivatives. The rates of consumption of peroxy-acid in the presence of compounds (1) and (2) were measured. Aflatoxin B1 dichloride and dibromide were prepared and their susceptibilities to nucleophilic attack were examined. The conformations of various di-substituted tetrahydrofurobenzofuran derivatives obtained were studied by 1H n.m. r. spectroscopy.
Neonatal Sepsis Workups in Infants ≥2000 Grams at Birth: A Population-Based Study

Background. Few data are available on the outcome of neonatal sepsis evaluations in an era when intrapartum antibiotic therapy is common. Methods. We identified all newborns weighing ≥2000 g at birth who were ever evaluated for suspected bacterial infection at 6 Kaiser Permanente hospitals between October 1995 and November 1996, reviewed their records and laboratory data, and tracked them to 1 week after discharge. We analyzed the relationship between key predictors and the presence of neonatal bacterial infection. Results. Among 18 299 newborns ≥2000 g without major congenital anomalies, 2785 (15.2%) were evaluated for sepsis with a complete blood count and/or blood culture. A total of 62 (2.2%) met criteria for proven, probable, or possible bacterial infection: 22 (.8%) had positive cultures and 40 (1.4%) had clinical evidence of bacterial infection. We tracked all but 10 infants (.4%) to 7 days postdischarge. There were 67 rehospitalizations (2.4%; 2 for group B streptococcus bacteremia). Among 1568 infants who did not receive intrapartum antibiotics, initial asymptomatic status was associated with decreased risk of infection (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: .26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: .11–.63), while chorioamnionitis (AOR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.15–5.00), low absolute neutrophil count (AOR: 2.84; 95% CI: 1.50–5.38), and meconium-stained amniotic fluid (AOR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.18–4.21) were associated with increased risk. Results were similar among 1217 infants who were treated, except that maternal chorioamnionitis was not significantly associated with neonatal infection. Conclusions. The risk of bacterial infection in asymptomatic newborns is low. Evidence-based observation and treatment protocols could be defined based on a limited set of predictors: maternal fever, chorioamnionitis, initial neonatal examination, and absolute neutrophil count. Many missed opportunities for treating mothers and infants exist.
Analysis of the weighting exponent in the FCM

The fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm is one of the most frequently used clustering algorithms. The weighting exponent m is a parameter that greatly influences the performance of the FCM. But there has been no theoretical basis for selecting the proper weighting exponent in the literature. In this paper, we develop a new theoretical approach to selecting the weighting exponent in the FCM. Based on this approach, we reveal the relation between the stability of the fixed points of the FCM and the data set itself. This relation provides the theoretical basis for selecting the weighting exponent in the FCM. The numerical experiments verify the effectiveness of our theoretical conclusion.
1 Education and Fertility : Evidence from a Natural Experiment

In many developed countries a decline in fertility has occurred. This development has been attributed to greater education of women. However, establishing a causal link is difficult as both fertility and education have changed secularly. The contribution of this paper is to study the connection between fertility and education over a woman’s fertile period focusing on whether the relationship is causal. We study fertility in Norway and use an educational reform as an instrument to correct for selection into education. Our results indicate that increasing education leads to postponement of first births away from teenage motherhood towards having the first birth in their twenties and, for a smaller group, up to the age of 35-40. We do not find, however, evidence that total fertility falls as a result of greater education. *Acknowledgements We are grateful to seminar participants at the European Workshop on Econometrics and Health Economics, Bergen, Sep 2007, the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration and Health Economics Bergen for valuable comments on an earlier version of this paper. We are also grateful for the very helpful comments of two anonymous referees.