Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING COMPETITIVENESS OF THE AUSTRALIAN SUGAR INDUSTRY BY ANALYSING CANE SUPPLY ARRANGEMENTS ACROSS THE VALUE CHAIN

The term “value chain” describes the collection of activities that are performed to design, produce, market, deliver and support a product. The Australian sugar industry value chain has a number of distinct stages involved in the transformation of the cane crop into raw and refined sugar and other manufactured products. These stages include production, processing and distribution functions. Despite its linear direction, a critically important feature of the sugar industry value chain is that it is not a collection of independent activities but a system of interdependent activities. In the Australian sugar industry, there remains a significant degree of segregation in the organisation of growing, milling, and marketing activities, despite the fact that these sectors are linked. These linkages reflect the need to coordinate activities between growers, millers and marketers, and do not appear to have been fully exploited in the way that a more vertically integrated industry would. A key question is what opportunities exist to manipulate the whole value chain to enhance industry profitability and competitiveness? To address this question, this paper explores the strengths and weaknesses of value chain analysis as a framework to review the competitive position of the Australian sugar industry and identify opportunities for improvements. It is concluded that there is a need to examine more novel approaches that could achieve further efficiency gains across the entire sugar industry value chain. This will involve going beyond traditional measures of competitiveness and focussing on improving the organisational efficiency of the industry.
The effect of influenza on hospitalizations, outpatient visits, and courses of antibiotics in children.

BACKGROUND Despite high annual rates of influenza in children, influenza vaccines are given to children infrequently. We measured the disease burden of influenza in a large cohort of healthy children in the Tennessee Medicaid program who were younger than 15 years of age. METHODS We determined the rates of hospitalization for acute cardiopulmonary conditions, outpatient visits, and courses of antibiotics over a period of 19 consecutive years. Using the differences in the rates of these events when influenzavirus was circulating and the rates from November through April when there was no influenza in the community, we calculated morbidity attributable to influenza. There was a total of 2,035,143 person-years of observation. RESULTS During periods when influenzavirus was circulating, the average number of hospitalizations for cardiopulmonary conditions in excess of the expected number was 104 per 10,000 children per year for children younger than 6 months of age, 50 per 10,000 per year for those 6 months to less than 12 months, 19 per 10,000 per year for those 1 year to less than 3 years, 9 per 10,000 per year for those 3 years to less than 5 years, and 4 per 10,000 per year for those 5 years to less than 15 years. For every 100 children, an annual average of 6 to 15 outpatient visits and 3 to 9 courses of antibiotics were attributable to influenza. In winter, 10 to 30 percent of the excess number of courses of antibiotics occurred during periods when influenzavirus was circulating. CONCLUSIONS Healthy children younger than one year of age are hospitalized for illness attributable to influenza at rates similar to those for adults at high risk for influenza. The rate of hospitalization decreases markedly with age. Influenza accounts for a substantial number of outpatient visits and courses of antibiotics in children of all ages.
Small round virus‐like particles associated with acute gastroenteritis in japanese children

Nine patients with acute gastroenteritis shed small round virus‐like particles in the faeces, and seven of them developed serum antibody against those particles as judged by immune electron microscopy. The small round virus‐like particle was measured at 29–32 nm in diameter and showed a fine spiky structure on the surface. The buoyant density of the small round virus‐like particles was determined to be 1.37–1.40 gm/cm3 in cesium chloride density gradient. The small round virus‐like particle differed morphologically from astrovirus and calicivirus, and was antigenically dissimilar to Norwalk agent and W agent. These observations suggest that the small round vims‐like particle is one of the new gastroenteritis viruses or may be a new serotype of them. Attempts to cultivate the small round virus‐like particles were unsuccessful.
Blockade of membrane transport and disassembly of the Golgi complex by expression of syntaxin 1A in neurosecretion-incompetent cells: prevention by rbSEC1.

The t-SNAREs syntaxin1A and SNAP-25, i.e. the members of the complex involved in regulated exocytosis at synapses and neurosecretory cells, are delivered to their physiological site, the plasma membrane, when transfected into neurosecretion-competent cells, such as PC12 and AtT20. In contrast, when transfection is made into cells incompetent for neurosecretion, such as those of a defective PC12 clone and the NRK fibroblasts, which have no endogenous expression of these t-SNAREs, syntaxin1A (but neither two other syntaxin family members nor SNAP-25) remains stuck in the Golgi-TGN area with profound consequences to the cell: blockade of both membrane (SNAP-25, GAT-1) and secretory (chromogranin B) protein transport to the cell surface; progressive disassembly of the Golgi complex and TGN; ultimate disappearance of the latter structures, with intermixing of their markers (mannosidase II; TGN-38) with those of the endoplasmic reticulum (calreticulin) and with syntaxin1A itself. When, however, syntaxin 1A is transfected together with rbSec1, a protein known to participate in neurosecretory exocytosis via its dynamic interaction with the t-SNARE, neither the blockade nor the alterations of the Golgi complex take place. Our results demonstrate that syntaxin1A, in addition to its role in exocytosis at the cell surface, possesses a specific potential to interfere with intracellular membrane transport and that its interaction with rbSec1 is instrumental to its physiological function not only at the plasma membrane but also within the cell. At the latter site, the rbSec1-induced conversion of syntaxin1A into a form that can be transported and protects the cell from the development of severe structural and membrane traffic alterations.
Resource Allocation in Wireless Network Virtualization

In wireless network virtualization, network operator (NO) and service providers (SPs) are decoupled from each other. NO is responsible for spectrum management and SPs are responsible for Quality-of-services (QoS) of their users from many services (e.g. VoIP, video telephony, live streaming, video conferencing, etc.) SPs complete each other for radio wireless resources that need to satisfy their users’ requirements. In this paper, we solve the competition of SPs by proposing framework for truthful auction for resource allocation. Virtual radio resource management (VRRM) is the central auctioneer. According to online resource requests, the central auctioneer will decide which SPs and NOs will win the auction and also decide how much SP should pay and how much infrastructure provider should get. Index Terms – wireless network virtualization, radio resource allocation, double auction.
Impact of Implementing A Designed Nursing Intervention Protocol on Nurses' Knowledge and Practice Regarding Patients Undergoing Blood Transfusion

The term blood transfusion generally refers to the therapeutic use of blood and components. Blood can be considered as living tissue and such as there are several risks associated with transfusion. According to WHO (2009) more than 81 million units of blood are collected globally every year. Through 2010, units of blood for internal medicine and blood disease unit are more than 3168 units. The nurse plays a critical role in caring for patients undergoing blood transfusion. The Aim of the Study Was: The first is to assess nurses' knowledge and practice before and after implementing the protocol and the secod is to design nursing intervention protocol.
Design of a Hybrid Directional Coupler in Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide (ESIW)

This letter shows the procedure of design of a hybrid directional coupler based on Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide (ESIW). Once proved in previous works the feasibility of ESIW and the good performance indexes this technology can achieve, the following step is designing useful devices to be integrated in planar circuits. The proposed hybrid coupler, which is the first ESIW 4-port available circuit, is designed at 15 GHz with 3 dB coupling factor and a minimum of 20 dB of isolation over 30% bandwidth. After manufacturing the circuit, simulated and measured results are presented and discussed.
Graphene nanodots with high-k dielectrics for flash memory applications

In this work, graphene nanodots have been fabricated and characterized as it has the potential for nanodevices application. Here we show non-volatile memory devices based on the capacitor structure by using graphene nanodots as the charge storage nodes. The graphene nanodots on silicon dioxide tunneling barrier were fabricated by etching the graphene with gold nanoparticles as self-aligned mask. Furthermore, different blocking oxide layer were also adopted to optimize the memory characteristics, including retention and operation speed. The memory of graphene nanodots with high-k blocking oxide layer shows higher flat-band voltage shift at low programming voltage, and excellent charge loss less than 12% after 104 sec, potentially provides a promising route for non-volatile memory application.
Radial-modulation chirp imaging for high-resolution contrast detection

In this study, we propose a radial-modulation chirp imaging method for contrast detection with high frequency ultrasound. This method detects microbubbles by extracting and then selectively compressing the radial-modulated chirp component of the response. The amplitude of the imaging chirp signal will be radial modulated at the resonance frequency due to the high-amplitude oscillation of the microbubble wall which are insonated simultaneously with a pumping signal; thus forming frequency sum-and-difference chirp terms. The frequency sum or difference chirp component is then extracted by a band-pass filter (BPF). The differences between the band-pass filtered frequency components of tissues and bubbles provide the contrast. Pulse compression of the extracted chirp signal is performed to further improve axial resolution and contrast-to-tissue ratio (CTR). Experiments of flow phantoms with speckle-generating background were performed to demonstrate the efficacy the proposed technique. The attainable SNR improvement and CTR were up to 6 and 20 dB, respectively. Improvement in axial resolution after pulse compression was also verified. These results indicate that our proposed method have potential for providing high resolution contrast detection in the microvasculature.
Intramyocardial administration of chimeric ephrinA1‐Fc promotes tissue salvage following myocardial infarction in mice

Non‐technical summary Following a myocardial infarction, cardiac muscle becomes irreversibly damaged and over time this may lead to heart failure. Strategies to reduce ischaemic damage, enhance new vessel growth, and/or replace damaged heart muscle are currently being investigated. We have identified a novel non‐angiogenic role for ephrinA1, a membrane‐bound ligand receptor tyrosine kinase, in promoting myocardial tissue salvage after non reperfused myocardial infarction. Treating the heart with this protein at the time of injury reduced infarct size and overall damage, presumably by preventing cardiomyocyte loss after ischaemia. Further studies are in progress to determine the cellular mechanisms by which this occurs and the extent to which adverse remodelling is attenuated.
Clonal selection of CD56+ t(8;21) AML blasts: further suggestion of the adverse clinical significance of this biological marker?

Although patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) and t(8;21)(q22;q22) have a favourable prognosis, a subset die despite receiving appropriate treatment. Recent reports suggest that expression of the CD56 antigen might predict for both extramedullary disease and poor outcome in these patients. We describe a patient who presented with CD56‐negative t(8;21) AML who achieved a complete remission and was subsequently treated with three consolidative courses of high‐dose cytarabine therapy. She relapsed 9 months later with extramedullary and bone marrow involvement of CD56‐positive t(8;21) AML. This case demonstrates clonal evolution and provides further support that blast expression of CD56 might be an unfavourable prognostic factor in t(8;21) AML.
Países de Unasur: exhibición y nuevas pantallas de cine para una producción creciente

The development of a national audiovisual industry into a domestic and Ibero-American market scope in diverse exhibit screens, for the main ten countries of Unasur, faces new limitations and possibilities in a digitized and global environment. This is an analysis on the results of the five-year period 2010-2014, in terms of film premieres, public assistance, and the relationship among exhibited films by country of origin. The availability of various formats is addressed, and also the policies about Virtual Print Fee and screen quotas, in an unresolved integration of mechanisms for cooperation and joint regulation that effectively impact on the diversity offered and the consumption habits.
Analysis of receiver front end on the performance of RF fingerprinting

Radio Frequency (RF) fingerprinting is a technique, where a transmitter is identified from its electromagnetic emission. Most existing RF fingerprinting techniques have been evaluated with high-end receivers and promising classification results have been reported in the literature. However, the realization of RF fingerprinting in todays low-end (i.e. low cost) portable devices requires the validation of the existing RF fingerprinting techniques with low-end receivers. This contribution analyzes the performance of RF fingerprinting for low-end receivers. Experiments are performed for three transmitters and signals are captured with one high-end receiver and three low-end receivers using Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP). It is found that the classification accuracy of RF fingerprinting varies for different low-end receivers. Results show that low-end receivers provide good classification results at high receiver SNR but high receiver SNR is rare in a typical wireless communication environment. Whereas high-end receiver performs well even at low SNR.
The two isoenzymes for yeast NAD+‐dependent glycerol 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase encoded by GPD1 and GPD2 have distinct roles in osmoadaptation and redox regulation

The two homologous genes GPD1 and GPD2 encode the isoenzymes of NAD‐dependent glycerol 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Previous studies showed that GPD1 plays a role in osmoadaptation since its expression is induced by osmotic stress and gpd1Δ mutants are osmosensitive. Here we report that GPD2 has an entirely different physiological role. Expression of GPD2 is not affected by changes in external osmolarity, but is stimulated by anoxic conditions. Mutants lacking GPD2 show poor growth under anaerobic conditions. Mutants deleted for both GPD1 and GPD2 do not produce detectable glycerol, are highly osmosensitive and fail to grow under anoxic conditions. This growth inhibition, which is accompanied by a strong intracellular accumulation of NADH, is relieved by external addition of acetaldehyde, an effective oxidizer of NADH. Thus, glycerol formation is strictly required as a redox sink for excess cytosolic NADH during anaerobic metabolism. The anaerobic induction of GPD2 is independent of the HOG pathway which controls the osmotic induction of GPD1. Expression of GPD2 is also unaffected by ROX1 and ROX3, encoding putative regulators of hypoxic and stress‐controlled gene expression. In addition, GPD2 is induced under aerobic conditions by the addition of bisulfite which causes NADH accumulation by inhibiting the final, reductive step in ethanol fermentation and this induction is reversed by addition of acetaldehyde. We conclude that expression of GPD2 is controlled by a novel, oxygen‐independent, signalling pathway which is required to regulate metabolism under anoxic conditions.
Conservation of Information and e-Business Success and Challenges: A Case Study

Guided by the authors’ theory of the (COI), which holds that the transformation pairs of information uncertainty between time and frequency remain constant (or alternately uncertainty for geospatial position and spatial frequency), they describe a case study on an international corporation based in Taiwan to demonstrate COI factors associated with the challenges and successes in the adoptions of e-business by the firm and by small and medium size enterprises in general. Huilien Tung Auburn University, USA Hsiang-Jui Kung Georgia Southern University, USA Désirée S. Lawless Woodward, USA Donald A. Sofge Naval Research Laboratory, USA William F. Lawless Paine College, USA DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60960-463-9.ch015
Oxytocin and Prolactin Levels in Breast‐Feeding Women. Correlation with milk Yield and Duration of Breast‐feeding

The aim of the present study was to examine suckling‐related plasma levels of oxytocin and prolactin in early and established lactation and to correlate hormone profiles to success of lactation performance. Fifty‐five primiparous women participated in the study. From each, 18 blood samples were drawn in connection with breast‐feeding on day 4 post partum and after 3‐4 months. Oxytocin and prolactin levels were determined with radio‐immunoassay. Basal levels of both hormones were significantly higher 4 days post partum than 3‐4 months later and after weaning. Basal prolactin levels fell significantly within 24 h of weaning. Oxytocin and prolactin levels rose in response to breast‐feeding—an effect which persisted during the lactation period. the suckling‐induced release of prolactin—but not that of oxytocin—was related to basal hormone levels. Basal as well as stimulated oxytocin levels obtained 4 days and 3‐4 months post partum correlated significantly, indicating that each woman has an individual, characteristic level of this hormone. Milk yield did not correlate with oxytocin or prolactin levels, but prolactin levels recorded 3‐4 months post partum did correlate with the remaining period of breast‐feeding. In addition, mothers who breast‐fed exclusively 3‐4 months post partum had significantly higher oxytocin and prolactin levels than those who gave supplementary feed. there was a significant correlation between oxytocin levels at 4 days and birth weight of the infant.
Cross‐Linking of Membrane Proteins of Metabolically‐Depleted and Calcium‐Loaded Erythrocytes

Summary. The membranes of erythrocytes undergoing metabolic depletion or an influx of calcium undergo several changes in structure and function. In erythrocytes incubated without substrate we find extensive cross‐linking of membrane proteins by disulphide bonding occurring after 24–48 h, involving all major membrane proteins as well as haemoglobin. Aggregates of mol wt 40 × 106 or greater are formed. These changes are partially reversible by repletion with adenosine. Rapid introduction of calcium (intracellular concentrations approximately 0.6 mm) into metabolically replete erythrocytes with the ionophore A23187 results in transgluta‐minase‐dependent cross‐linking of membrane proteins. Cellular calcium concentrations of approximately 0.3 mm have no cross‐linking effect. Cells undergoing metabolic depletion show a progressive loss of transglutaminase activity to undetec‐table levels at 12 h, so that influx of calcium into such cells cannot cause cross‐linking by a transglutaminase‐mediated reaction. These studies suggest that the metabolic state of the cell and the rate and degree of calcium influx into erythrocytes are critical factors in determining the type of membrane protein cross‐linkage.
Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and applications, as a prominent example of large-scale cyber-physical systems (CPS), will be ubiquitously embedded in our daily life in the near future. Available technology reports on IoT (van der Meulen 2014; Manyika et al. 2013) point to a massive transformational impact on industry and society, changing dramatically the way we work and live. IoT is expected to reach impressive figures ranging from $2.7 trillion to $6.2 trillion per year by 2025 as the potential economic impact of its related technologies (van der Meulen 2014). In specific domains such as the automotive, Gartner predicts that more than 250 million vehicles will be globally connected by 2020, laying the ground for future mobility scenarios but, above all, changing the drivers/people perspective that will tend to see cars as “smartphones on wheels”, extending (not simply allowing) their capacity to be connected, to be productive, and to be a consumer all the time. Embedded intelligence, smart actuation/control, and high requirements on resilience, safety, and security are vital elements of future Cloud-based IoT that will drastically move apart from initial IoT paradigms, mainly focused on sensors and basic connectivity of “things”. Future IoT will include the classical view of the Web of Things, where simple equipment such as coffee machines, refrigerators, washing machines, heating systems, and so forth are connected to the Internet in order to allow remote control and simple services supporting modern lifestyle, and, at the same time, will also encompass edge-oriented areas and applications, which are usually focused on a dedicated user group and often safety and security critical.
Expression and role of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (GM-CSFR) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR) on Ph-positive acute B lymphoblastic leukemia

ABSTRACT Objective: We observed that ph + ALL patients administrated with recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) after intense chemotherapy have presented a trend of disease relapse. Thus, we aim to thoroughly investigate the expression and role of GM-CSFR and G-CSFR on ph + ALL patients. Method: SUP-B15, BALL-1 and primary leukemia cells were used in this study. Transcript levels were analyzed by quantitative PCR while cell viability was measured using a CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to assess the different stages of cell cycle. Results: We found that the mRNA expression levels of GM-CSFR and G-CSFR were higher in patients with ph + ALL, as well as in SUP-B15 cells. rhG-CSF was also observed to promote the viability of SUP-B15 cells while inversely inhibiting BALL-1 cell viability. In addition, we also determined that rhG-CSF (100 ng/ml) decreased the sensitivity of SUP-B15 cells to imatinib and nilotinib, while the results were exactly the contrary for dasatinib. Conclusion: We demonstrated high expression levels of GM-CSFR and G-CSFR, as well as their promotable role for viability in ph + ALL cells. We further found that rhG-CSF influenced the sensitivity of SUP-B15 cells to TKIs.