Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategies and Models for IT Governance

This introductory chapter records and interprets some important existing theories, models, and practices in the IT governance and strategic alignment domain. IT governance will be defined and its relationship with corporate governance and IT management clarified. A separate section is devoted to the concept of strategic alignment, one of the key elements of IT governance. Finally, a detailed set of IT governance structures, processes, and relational mechanisms is discussed that can be leveraged to implement IT governance in practise. Two important IT governance processes, COBIT and the balanced scorecard, are discussed in more detail in separate chapters.
Myocardin is required for maintenance of vascular and visceral smooth muscle homeostasis during postnatal development

Significance Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) play critical roles in maintaining organismal homeostasis. Myocardin is a muscle-restricted transcriptional coactivator previously implicated in development of the heart and vasculature. To define myocardin-mediated functions during postnatal development, we generated mice harboring an inducible, SMC-restricted mutation in the Myocd gene. Myocardin mutant mice exhibit profound derangements in arterial structure and in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. Myocd deletion leads to the loss of the contractile SMC phenotype, triggering cell-autonomous ER stress, autophagy, and apoptosis. These data reveal that myocardin is required for maintenance, homeostasis, and ultimately survival of vascular and visceral SMCs during postnatal development. These findings provide unanticipated insights into the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection and gastrointestinal and genitourinary syndromes. Myocardin is a muscle-restricted transcriptional coactivator that activates a serum response factor (SRF)-dependent gene program required for cardiogenesis and embryonic survival. To identify myocardin-dependent functions in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) during postnatal development, mice harboring a SMC-restricted conditional, inducible Myocd null mutation were generated and characterized. Tamoxifen-treated SMMHC-CreERT2/MyocdF/F conditional mutant mice die within 6 mo of Myocd gene deletion, exhibiting profound derangements in the structure of great arteries as well as the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. Conditional mutant mice develop arterial aneurysms, dissection, and rupture, recapitulating pathology observed in heritable forms of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD). SMCs populating arteries of Myocd conditional mutant mice modulate their phenotype by down-regulation of SMC contractile genes and up-regulation of extracellular matrix proteins. Surprisingly, this is accompanied by SMC autonomous activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy, which over time progress to programmed cell death. Consistent with these observations, Myocd conditional mutant mice develop remarkable dilation of the stomach, small intestine, bladder, and ureters attributable to the loss of visceral SMCs disrupting the muscularis mucosa. Taken together, these data demonstrate that during postnatal development, myocardin plays a unique, and important, role required for maintenance and homeostasis of the vasculature, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts. The loss of myocardin in SMCs triggers ER stress and autophagy, which transitions to apoptosis, revealing evolutionary conservation of myocardin function in SMCs and cardiomyocytes.
Groundwater Possibility Detection using Swarm Intelligence Technique

From the ancient years, natural social species fascinated the individual and researchers for the seamless intelligence work solutions. Swarm intelligence is also a nature inspired computing technique that is inspired from the social species like small ants, termites, wasp, bee etc. There are various techniques of swarm intelligence. In this work, we are using swarm intelligence based Biogeography Based Optimization (BBO) for the groundwater possibility detection. Here, BBO is integrated with Case Based Reasoning to extract the available cases for the research solution of groundwater possibility estimation. For experimentation, we have considered an expert dataset with feature of slope, landuse, landform, geology, soil type and lineament. Groundwater possibility detection is considered to explore the possibility with the given attributes for any exploration area. The proposed concept is elaborated with research solution. Keywords— Biogeography Based Optimization, Case Based Reasoning, Ground Water Possibility, Swarm Intelligence
Recommendations for the use of biologic therapy in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis: update from the Italian Society for Rheumatology.

OBJECTIVES To update the 2006 Italian Society for Rheumatology recommendations for the use of biologic (TNF-α blocking) agents in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS A panel of experts performed a literature search and identified the items that required updating on the basis of new published data. A draft of the updated recommendations was circulated to a group of Italian Rheumatologists with a specific expertise in PsA and in therapy with biologic agents, and their suggestions were incorporated in the final version. RESULTS A consensus was achieved regarding the initiation and the monitoring of anti-TNF-α agents in PsA. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined and specific recommendations were made for patients with psoriatic peripheral synovitis, spondylitis, enthesitis, and dactylitis, respectively. We also specified criteria for assessment of response to treatment and for withholding and withdrawal of therapy. CONCLUSIONS These recommendations may be used for guidance in deciding which patients with PsA should receive biologic therapy. Further updates of these recommendations may be published on the basis of the results of new clinical studies and of data from post-marketing surveillance.
Establishment and Characterization of Cultured Epithelial Cells Lacking Expression of ZO-1*

In well polarized epithelial cells, closely related ZO-1 and ZO-2 are thought to function as scaffold proteins at tight junctions (TJs). In epithelial cells at the initial phase of polarization, these proteins are recruited to cadherin-based spotlike adherens junctions (AJs). As a first step to clarify the function of ZO-1, we successfully generated mouse epithelial cell clones lacking ZO-1 expression (ZO-1-/- cells) by homologous recombination. Unexpectedly, in confluent cultures, ZO-1-/- cells were highly polarized with well organized AJs/TJs, which were indistinguishable from those in ZO-1+/+ cells by electron microscopy. In good agreement, by immunofluorescence microscopy, most TJ proteins including claudins and occludin appeared to be normally concentrated at TJs of ZO-1-/- cells with the exception that a ZO-1 deficiency significantly up- or down-regulated the recruitment of ZO-2 and cingulin, another TJ scaffold protein, respectively, to TJs. When the polarization of ZO-1-/- cells was initiated by a Ca2+ switch, the initial AJ formation did not appear to be affected; however, the subsequent TJ formation (recruitment of claudins/occludin to junctions and barrier establishment) was markedly retarded. This retardation as well as the disappearance of cingulin were rescued completely by exogenous ZO-1 but not by ZO-2 expression. Quantitative evaluation of ZO-1/ZO-2 expression levels led to the conclusion that ZO-1 and ZO-2 would function redundantly to some extent in junction formation/epithelial polarization but that they are not functionally identical. Finally, we discussed advantageous aspects of the gene knock-out system with cultured epithelial cells in epithelial cell biology.
Effect of forage legumes on feed intake, milk production and milk quality - a review*

Literature data from experiments with lactating dairy cows offered silage-based diets was reviewed to evaluate the effects of the grassland legume species Trifolium repens (WC, white clover), Trifolium pratense (RC, red clover) and Medicago sativa (M, lucerne) on feed intake, milk production and milk quality. Seven data sets were created to compare grass silage (G) with grassland legumes in general(L), G with RC, G with WC, G with M, RC with WC, RC with M and different silage proportions of RC. Daily dry matter intake and milk yield were on average 1.6 and 1.6 kg, respectively, higher and milk fat content 1.2 g/kg milk lower on L than on G based diets. Similar differences were found when G was compared with RC or WC diets. Cows offered WC yielded 1.1 kg/d more milk than RC, and milk produced on WC and M contained 0.7 g more protein per kg than milk from RC diets. Increasing the silage diet RC proportion from 0.5 to 1.0 also decreased the milk protein content by 0.8 g/kg milk. RC increased the level of poly-unsaturated fatty acids, particularly C18:3n-3, and isoflavones, particularly equol, in milk. Effects are discussed in relation to plant cell wall characteristics, plant chemical constituents and changes in rumen digestion to explain the origin of the differences in intake, milk yield and milk composition
Mechanisms by Which Elevated Intracellular Calcium Induces S49 Cell Membranes to Become Susceptible to the Action of Secretory Phospholipase A2 *

Exposure of S49 lymphoma cells to exogenous group IIA or V secretory phospholipase A2(sPLA2) caused an initial release of fatty acid followed by resistance to further hydrolysis by the enzyme. This refractoriness was overcome by exposing cells to palmitoyl lysolecithin. This effect was specific in terms of lysophospholipid structure. Induction of membrane susceptibility by lysolecithin involved an increase in cytosolic calcium and was duplicated by incubating the cells with calcium ionophores such as ionomycin. Lysolecithin also activated cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2). Inhibition of this enzyme attenuated the ability of lysolecithin (but not ionomycin) to induce susceptibility to sPLA2. Lysolecithin or ionomycin caused concurrent hydrolysis of both phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine implying that transbilayer movement of phosphatidylethanolamine occurred upon exposure to these agents but that susceptibility is not simply due to exposure of a preferred substrate (i.e. phosphatidylethanolamine) to the enzyme. Microvesicles were apparently released from the cells upon addition of lysolecithin or ionomycin. Both these vesicles and the remnant cell membranes were susceptible to sPLA2. Together these data suggest that lysolecithin induces susceptibility through both cPLA2-dependent and -independent pathways. Whereas elevated cytosolic calcium was required for both pathways, it was sufficient only for the cPLA2-independent pathway. This cPLA2-independent pathway involved changes in cell membrane structure associated with transbilayer phospholipid migration and microvesicle release.
A primary problem: more patients under federal health reform with fewer primary care doctors spell trouble.

B y 2019, 32 million of those currently uninsured will have health care coverage. But insured or not, they’re going to have trouble finding a doctor. Passage of national health reform elevated the problem of the primary care doctor shortage that must be solved if federal health care reform is going to work, says Dr. Lori Heim, president of the American Academy of Family Physicians. “If current trends continue, there will be a shortage of about 40,000 family doctors by 2020,” she says. Primary care is delivered by physicians, nurse practitioners and physician assistants practicing family medicine, general internal medicine and general pediatrics. They provide care to prevent disease, maintain health, manage chronic disease, diagnose medical problems, refer patients to specialists and coordinate all medical care for a patient population. Primary care has been described as the backbone of the nation’s health care system. A strong primary care system provides accessible, cost-effective, high-quality care. Primary care clinicians work to keep people healthy, use fewer tests and spend less money than specialists, according to a large body of research. Those with regular primary care receive more preventive services, are better at complying with their treatment, and have lower rates of illness and premature death than those without such care, research shows. They also use emergency rooms and are hospitalized less often than those without primary care. When Massachusetts enacted health reform legislation in 2006 that included coverage for the state’s 550,000 uninsured, it was among the states with a very high ratio of total physicians to residents. Yet even with legislation in 2008 to address primary care physician shortages, the number of primary care doctors is still inadequate. A 2009 survey found 40 percent of family physicians no longer were accepting new patients, up from 30 percent before reform. When patients were able to find a doctor, the average wait time for an appointment was more than 44 days, 29 days longer than in 2005. A report from the Massachusetts Medical Society concluded “current and long-term shortages in the physician labor markets will continue to deteriorate if not addressed. ” “We will have the same problem in Florida, only worse,” says Senator Durell Peaden, a retired general practitioner. “All 67 of our counties lack access to primary care. ” There are not nearly enough primary care doctors graduating in Florida to meet the projected need, he says, and the situation is similar in most states.
Kissing laterality and handedness

Kissing behaviour was observed between kissing couples: about 80% turned their heads to the right to kiss. To remove the influence of one kissing partner upon the other, kissing behaviour was also observed between participants and a symmetrical doll's face: about 77% turned their heads to the right to kiss. There was no significant difference in handedness between right- and left-kissers: both groups were predominantly right-kissers. It is thought that motor bias rather than emotive bias influences kissing behaviour.
Robot perception errors and human resolution strategies in situated human–robot dialogue

Graphical Abstract Abstract Errors in visual perception may cause problems in situated dialogues. We investigated this problem through an experiment in which human participants interacted through a natural language dialogue interface with a simulated robot. We introduced errors into the robot’s perception, and observed the resulting problems in the dialogues and their resolutions. We then introduced different methods for the user to request information about the robot’s understanding of the environment. We quantify the impact of perception errors on the dialogues, and investigate resolution attempts by users at a structural level and at the level of referring expressions.
Magnetic field decay in isolated neutron stars

We investigate three mechanisms that promote the loss of magnetic flux from an isolated neutron star. Ohmic decay produces a diffusion of the magnetic field with respect to the charged particles. It proceeds at a rate that is inversely proportional to the electric conductivity and independent of the magnetic field strength. Ohmic decay occurs in both the fluid core and solid crust of a neutron star, but it is too slow to directly affect magnetic fields of stellar scale. Ambipolar diffusion involves a drift of the magnetic field and charged particles relative to the neutrons. The drift speed is proportional to the second power of the magnetic field strength if the protons form a normal fluid. Variants of ambipolar diffusion include both the buoyant rise and the dragging by superfluid neutron vortices of magnetic flux tubes. Ambipolar diffusion operates in the outer part of the fluid core where the charged particle composition is homogeneous, protons and electrons being the only species. The charged particle flux associated with ambipolar diffusion decomposes into a solenoidal and an irrotational component. Both components are opposed by frictional drag. The irrotational component perturbs the chemical equilibrium between neutrons, protons, and electrons, thus generating pressure gradients that effectively choke it. The solenoidal component is capable of transporting magnetic flux from the outer core to the crust on a short time scale. Magnetic flux that threads the inner core, where the charged particle composition is inhomogeneous, would be permanently trapped unless particle interactions could rapidly smooth departures from chemical equilibrium. Magnetic fields undergo a Hall drift related to the Hall component of the electric field. The drift speed is proportional to the magnetic field strength. Hall drift occurs throughout a neutron star. Unlike ohmic decay and ambipolar diffusion which are dissipative, Hall drift conserves magnetic energy. Thus, it cannot by itself be responsible for magnetic field decay. However, it can enhance the rate of ohmic dissipation. In the solid crust, only the electrons are mobile and the tangent of the Hall angle is large. There, the evolution of the magnetic field resembles that of vorticity in an incompressible fluid at large Reynolds number. This leads us to speculate that the magnetic field undergoes a turbulent cascade terminated by ohmic dissipation at small scales. The small-scale components of the magnetic field are also transported by Hall drift waves from the inner crust where ohmic dissipation is slow to the outer crust where it is rapid. The diffusion of magnetic flux through the crust takes ~ 5 x 10^8/B_(12) yr, where B_(12) is the crustal magnetic field strength measured in units of 10^(12) G.
A medicare system of wireless sensor networks

Most of the extant wireless medicare system have been used Bluetooth or WiFi standard based on IEEE 802.11 to implement wireless communication. However, those could not work as a network and transmit data to specific terminals. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) based on IEEE 802.15. 4 present a possibility to implement a networked medicare system. Most of those networking algorithms have been discussed by simulation with very simple wireless communication models, and do not implement on the real medicare sensors hardware. On the contrary, we designed a networked medicare system with real medical care sensors hardware, and with route through medicare nodes to any single sink node. We integrate two medicare sensors in the networks: a digital heart rate sensor and a pulse oximeter, both of which using MSP430 micro controllers. We have selected a algorithm which supports routing through any node to any node, and have implemented it on two types of WSNs nodes. This algorithm includes three route selection measures. We construct a test-bed and designed a experiment to compare these three kinds of route selection measures.
Education in primary care psychiatry: research‐based audit

This paper describes some of the difficulties faced by the KCGP Mental Health Education Fellows in designing an educational initiative to enhance the recognition and management of psychiatric illness in general practice. The initiative was evaluated using a consensus technique over six meetings which took place between 1993 and 1995. The results of the exercise illustrated the value of utilizing a validated instrument in identifying mental health problems, but when employed without support created disillusionment and a lack of confidence in the learner. However, when the instrument was applied as part of a wide educational process examining current practice, learners were stimulated to examine and change their behaviour by synthesizing newly acquired knowledge with their own previous clinical experience.
The in fl uence of HOPE VI neighborhood revitalization on neighborhood-based physical activity : A mixed-methods approach

Objectives: This study uses a mixed methods approach to 1) identify surrounding residents' perceived expectations for Housing Opportunities for People Everywhere (HOPE VI) policy on physical activity outcomes and to 2) quantitatively examine the odds of neighborhood-based physical activity pre-/postHOPE VI in a low socioeconomic status, predominantly African American community in Birmingham, Alabama. Methods: To address aim one, we used group concept mapping which is a structured approach for data collection and analyses that produces pictures/maps of ideas. Fifty-eight residents developed statements about potential influences of HOPE VI on neighborhood-based physical activity. In the quantitative study, we examined whether these potential influences increased the odds of neighborhood walking/jogging. We computed block entry logistic regression models with a larger cohort of residents at baseline (n 1⁄4 184) and six-months (n 1⁄4 142, 77% retention; n 1⁄4 120 for all informative variables). We examined perceived neighborhood disorder (perceived neighborhood disorder scale), walkability and aesthetics (Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale) and HOPE VI-related community safety and safety for physical activity as predictors. Results: During concept mapping, residents generated statements that clustered into three distinct concepts, “Increased Leisure Physical Activity,” “Safe Play Areas,” and “Generating Health Promoting Resources. ” The quantitative analyses indicated that changes in neighborhood walkability increased the odds of neighborhood-based physical activity (p 1⁄4 0.04). When HOPE VI-related safety for physical activity was entered into the model, it was associated with increased odds of physical activity (p 1⁄4 0.04). Walkability was no longer statistically significant. Conclusions: These results suggest that housing policies that create walkable neighborhoods and that improve perceptions of safety for physical activity may increase neighborhood-based physical activity. However, the longer term impacts of neighborhood-level policies on physical activity require more longitudinal evidence to determine whether increased participation in physical activity is sustained. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. for Community Health ProSciences, Brown University
DO FINANCIAL LAWS AFFECT INVESTMENT DETERMINANTS? SOME EUROPEAN EVIDENCE

Investment-cash flow sensitivities have been extensively analysed. One reason for the excess sensitivity between investment and internal resources is market imperfections. In this article, we try to determine whether this relationship is either affected by the nature of the financial system or associated to other firmspecific determinants such as size or industry. Results show that prudent banking regulation and creditor legal protection reduce investment-cash flow sensitivities, that is, alleviate the inefficiencies associated to asymmetric information and capital market frictions. However, firm characteristics still have a word to say when taking into account financial regulations.
Using fibonacci numbers to forecast the stock market

Abstract These days, because doing business has become so easy through electronic commerce and electronic business,many kinds of business are being done via the internet. One of the more important implementations of electronic commerce has been in the stock market, especially because concrete and on-time forecasts in stock market are crucial. Stock marketing analysts have different ways of making business forecasts but most of these solutions are not absolute and are not able to achieve correct results. In this paper, a suitable solution for forecasting the stock market is suggested using golden ratios and Fibonacci numbers. This series and its ratios have been shown to have a beneficial effect on the stock market by ensuring on-time correct forecasts which can lead to considerable income increases.