Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution based automatic synthesis of analog integrated circuits

An automatic analog integrated circuit synthesis system driven by an evolutionary approach is presented. One of the novel features of this system is a high performance optimization algorithm based on the combination of evolutionary strategies and simulated annealing. Modeling of DC parameters is done via a fast DC simulator developed for this purpose whereas modeling of AC parameters is done either with user-defined equations or with neural-fuzzy performance models trained from SPICE simulations. Another novel feature of the system is the incorporation of matching properties of devices. The synthesis system has been tested on several independent examples. A prototype chip containing a synthesized circuit has been manufactured and measurement results have demonstrated the validity of the synthesis system also on silicon.
Binary in Binary for Secret Writing - A Cryptic's Cousin Approach

images, like cartoons, text documents, signatures captured by signing pads and/or 2-color images are very commonly used in our daily life. The JPEG compression method which was designed to efficiently compress color images do not do a good job on a monochromatic (binary) image. Changing the pixel values in these images for hiding the data, may produce a noticeable change in the cover media. Embedding capacity and preservation of visible artifacts are the potential problems of this technique. This paper proposes several methods for hiding data in binary images (including fax). The proposed algorithms alter pixels of the embeddable blocks of cover image depending on the characteristic values of the block. In addition, the new algorithm deals with statistical embedding for each block, which enhances the security of embedded data and the capacity of the embedding method. The performances of the algorithms are tested over various sizes of binary cover images by embedding various sizes of secured data. The effectiveness of the stego process proposed has been studied by estimating the number of errors, Bit error rate and Relative entropy.
A technique to realize base stations on-air frame synchronization in TD-SCDMA radio system

For radio access systems based on time division duplex (TDD) mode, like the time division-synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) radio system, frame synchronization among base stations (BSs) is a fundamental feature to minimize interference and therefore optimize the offered traffic capacity. In particular, radio frame synchronization ensures that uplink and downlink transmission directions are positioned, at least for adjacent cells, in the same time intervals, thus preventing interference between adjacent downlink and/or uplink slots. We propose a method to realize on-air frame synchronization between two BSs, applicable to both the TDD-low chip rate (TDD-LCR) and the TD-SCDMA for mobile (TSM) standards. The main operation performed in the proposed frame synchronization procedure is correlation between the received signal and the known synchronization sequences transmitted in the frame by each BS. The correlation process is repeated on a chosen number of consecutive radio frames to obtain better synchronization performance. The method presented allows a higher reliability and accuracy with respect to the on-air synchronization methods described in the UTRAN standard for TDD-LCR. The proposed technique can be generalized to all time division duplex digital cellular communication systems which make use of two (or more) synchronization sequences with a known relative time position.
A unified approach for the analysis and design of robust adaptive control systems

This paper has two major objectives. The first is to present a unified approach to analyze various types of discrete and continuous time invariant/varying robust adaptive control systems. The approach also provides a general guideline for the design of robust adaptive controllers. The essential tool of analysis is the inductive technique. The second aim is to further develop the existing robust adaptive control theory. With the proposed unified approach, all the assumptions related to the a priori knowledge of modelling errors, which is required for the design and implementation of some existing robust adaptive controllers, can be removed. Also, the class of modelling errors including unmodelled dynamics and bounded external disturbances is enlarged in the sense that a looser bound can be allowed in the stability analysis.
Performance Analysis of Parallel Algorithms

The main reason of parallelization a sequential program is to run the program faster. When running a parallel program on a real parallel system there is an overhead coming from processors load imbalance and from communication times needed for changing data between processors and for synchronization. This is the reason why the execution time of the program will be greater than the theoretical value.
On certainty equivalence neural network controllers

Neural networks have been used as system identifiers and controllers for nonlinear adaptive control. By combining neural networks based controllers with a linear robust adaptive controller, in a multiple models, switching and tuning (MMST) framework, some recent results have established boundedness of signals when such neural networks are used for a class of discrete-time nonlinear systems. It was required that a neural network "certainty equivalence" controller should generate a control input that renders the output of the chosen model identical to the desired output for the plant. This is not a trivial task when the model is non-affine in the current control input variable, and in such a case iterative optimization routines have to be resorted to. This paper examines the issues involved in determining such an input, relaxes some of the conditions, and proposes an improved scheme in which neural network controllers can be used while assuring boundedness of signals.
PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION OF A STRUCTURED CFD CODE - GHOST ON COMMODITY CLUSTER ARCHITECTURES

OF THESIS PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION OF A STRUCTURED CFD CODE GHOST ON COMMODITY CLUSTER ARCHITECTURES This thesis focuses on optimizing the performance of an in-house, structured, 2D CFD code – GHOST, on commodity cluster architectures. The basic philosophy of the work is to optimize the cache usage of the code by implementing efficient coding techniques without changing the underlying numerical algorithm. Various optimization techniques that were implemented and the resulting changes in performance have been presented. Two techniques, external and internal blocking that were implemented earlier to tune the performance of this code have been reviewed. What follows is further tuning effort in order to circumvent the problems associated with using the blocking techniques. Later, to establish the universality of the optimization techniques, testing has been done on more complicated test case. All the techniques presented in this thesis have been tested on steady, laminar test cases. It has been proved that optimized versions of the code achieve better performances on variety of commodity cluster architectures chosen in this study.
Instruct: a teaching package for experimental methods in information retrieval

INSTRUCT is a multi‐user, text retrieval system which was developed as an interactive teaching package for demonstrating modern information retrieval techniques, these including natural language query processing, best match searching and automatic relevance feedback based on probabilistic term weighting. INSTRUCT has recently been extended and now additionally has facilities for query expansion using both relevance and term co‐occurrence data, for cluster‐based searching and for two browsing search strategies. These retrieval mechanisms are used to search a file of 26,280 titles and abstracts from the Library and Information Science Abstracts database; both menu‐based and command‐based searching are allowed.
English Phonology: An Introduction

Preface 1. Speech sounds and their production 2. Towards a sound system for English: consonant phonemes 3. Some vowel systems of English 4. Phonological features, part I: the classification of English vowel phonemes 5. Phonological features, part II: the consonant system 6. Syllables 7. Word stress 8. Phonetic representations: the realisations of phonemes 9. Phrases, sentences and the phonology of connected speech 10. Representations and derivations References Index.
What Motivates L2 Learners in Acquisition of Kanji Using CALL: A Case Study

Unlike alphabetic languages, knowledge of about 1,000 basic kanji characters is imperative to comprehend written Japanese such as that used in newspapers. Exposure to authentic materials is often recommended from the early stages of learning. This puts pressure on the learning of kanji. How can learners acquire kanji more quickly in order to take advantage of available sources of information? Learning kanji is perhaps not difficult but is extremely time-consuming, especially when learners study it in a foreign language environment. This case study, undertaken in 1997 among first-year university students of Japanese, examines language learning motivation and strategies in relation to the learning of kanji using CALL. The findings indicate that: (i) instrumental motivation was a dominant factor; and (ii) metacognitive strategies along with a positive attitude toward the CALL kanji program are also influential factors in mastering kanji effectively, especially at beginner level.
Overhead power lines

©2017, CPWR-The Center for Construction Research and Training. All rights reserved. CPWR is the research and training arm of NABTU. Production of this document was supported by cooperative agreement OH 009762 from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NIOSH. Overhead power lines at construction sites can be dangerous for the workers, especially when equipment such as cranes, cherry pickers, and high lifts are used. Contact with overhead power lines can result in serious injury and even death.
Computers, Mass Media, and Schooling: Functional Equivalence in Uses of New Media

Functional equivalence theory was applied to a study of eighth graders contrasting recreational users and intellectual users of computers in terms of academic performance and use of other media. Recreational users, who play video games frequently, were the heaviest television viewers and performed the most poorly at school. Intellectual users, who use computers for writing programs and for schoolwork, were the lightest television viewers and demonstrated the highest school performance; they were also infrequent leisure readers. Multi-users, who engage in both recreational and intellectual computer use, were the most infrequent readers. Low users, who seldom or never use computers, were the most frequent leisure-time readers. These findings suggest that computer use may be functionally equivalent to reading for some children and may be displacing time they would otherwise spend with print media. Future research using panel studies could examine whether the time spent with various media is actually changing as children gain access to computers. This study also finds that different factors are associated with amount and type of computer use. By amount of use, frequent computer users have the most access to the technology and are the most infrequent readers. By type of use, intellectual users are the most academically motivated and the least frequent television viewers, while recreational users are the least academically motivated and the most frequent television viewers. Keywords: children, adolescents, mass media, reading, television, computer use, video games, computer programming, functional equivalence, attitudes, academic motivation, self-efficacy, computer access.
Design And Implementation Of Error Correcting Codes For Transmission in Binary Symmetric Channel

Error Correcting codes are normally used for protecting transmitted information bits in a noisy channel. The information bits are encoded into error correcting codes which will be transmitted into the channel and on the receiver side, the received codes will be decoded back into the transmitted information bits. In this paper, a technique of generating binary error correcting codes that meet the Gilbert-bound and a simple encoding-decoding mechanism will be presented. To show the performance of the error correcting codes, a Binary Symmetric Channel is considered for transmission.
Intelligent distributed video surveillance systems

* Chapter 1: A review of the state-of-the-art in distributed surveillance systems * Chapter 2: Monitoring practice: event detection and system design * Chapter 3: A distributed database for effective management and evaluation of CCTV systems * Chapter 4: A distributed domotic surveillance system * Chapter 5: A general-purpose system for distributed surveillance and communication * Chapter 6: Tracking objects across uncalibrated, arbitrary topology camera networks * Chapter 7: A distributed multi-sensor surveillance system for public transport applications * Chapter 8: Tracking football players with multiple cameras * Chapter 9: A hierarchical multi-sensor framework for event detection in wide environments
MapReduce based preprocessing on vibration data of wind turbine

Analysis of the running state of the equipment is obtained from the vibration data acquisition of wind power plant ,which is very important to discover the critical wind turbine fault, and the driving end is one of the vibration data. The vibration data comes through multiple sensors by frequency 1.2KHz . Testing a 1~2 day will be more than GB of data. However, pretreatment with the traditional filtering method were used to be the single way of dealing, the efficiency is low, can not meet the actual demand. Cloud computing is a key technology to solve the above problem, which can be used for MapReduce model in large-scale data parallel operation. Based on the existing vibration data preprocessing method and MapReduce mechanism, realizes the parallel processing algorithm,consistency and also designed experiments to verify the validity of the method and the parallelresults on the platform of Hadoop. Keywords-pretreatment; cloud computing; parallel filtering; MapReduce;
An Energy Efficient Cluster Formation Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

The efficient node energy utilization is one of important performance factors in wireless sensor networks because sensor nodes operate with limited battery power. To extend the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks, maintaining balanced power consumption between sensor nodes is more important than reducing each energy consumption of the sensor node in the network. In this paper, we proposed a cluster formation algorithm to extend the lifetime of the networks and to maintain a balanced energy consumption of nodes. To obtain it, we add a tiny slot in a round frame, which enables to exchange the residual energy messages between the base station (BS). cluster heads, and nodes. The performance of the proposed protocol has been examined and evaluated with the NS 2 simulator. As a result of simulation, we have confirmed that our proposed algorithm show the better performance in terms of lifetime than LEACH. Consequently, our proposed protocol can effectively extend the network lifetime without other critical overhead and performance degradation.
Implementation of a nonlinear gradient adaptive filter for processing of large-size medical sequences on general-purpose hardware

To achieve significant noise reduction in medical images while at the same time preserving fine structures of diagnostic value, a non-linear filter called the multi-resolution gradient adaptive filter (MRGAF) was developed. Though the algorithm is well suited for its task of noise reduction in medical images, it is still limited to the application of offline processing in medical workstations due to its computational complexity. The aim of our study is to reach real-time processing of data from low-cost x-ray systems on a standard PC without additional hardware. One major drawback of the original MRGAF procedure is its irregular memory access behavior caused by the intermediate multi-resolution representation of the image (Laplacian pyramid). This is addressed by completely re-arranging the computation. The image is divided into super-lines carrying all relevant information of all pyramidal levels, which allow to apply the complete MRGAF procedure in a single pass. This way, the cache utilization is improved considerably, the total number of memory accesses is reduced, and the use of super-scalar processing capabilities of current processors is facilitated. The current implementation allows applying advanced multi-resolution non-linear noise reduction to images of 768 × 564 pixels at a rate of more than 30 frames per second on a workstation. This shows that high-quality real-time image enhancement is feasible from a technical as well as from an economical point of view.
The Blindside Project: Measuring the Impact of Individual Offensive Linemen

During the 2010 NFL season, the New England Patriots’ quarterback (QB), Tom Brady, was selected as the unanimous MVP of the league. He posted impressive numbers, including 36 touchdowns (TD) and four interceptions. In the history of the NFL, there have been only eight QBs who have thrown for more than 30 TDs and fewer than 10 interceptions in a season; the next lowest interception total in that group is seven (Brett Favre and Aaron Rodgers both accomplished this during the 2009 season). Interestingly, Brady threw all four interceptions in the fi rst fi ve games. In The Blindside Project: Measuring the Impact of Individual Offensive Linemen
The Lucent LambdaRouter: MEMS technology of the future here today

MEMS devices are beginning to impact almost every area of science and technology. In fields as disparate as wireless communications, automotive design, entertainment, and lightwave systems MEMS is increasingly becoming a key technology. In this article we discuss MEMS devices in general, show how and where they will be used in lightwave systems, and then show in detail how they are allowing a billion dollar business to be born, that of large all-optical crossconnects. In particular we highlight one particular device, the Lucent LambdaRouter, and show how it is built from the chip on up and discuss its performance and applications.
Adaptive modulation with dynamic channel assignment (AMDCA) for TDMA microcellular systems

This paper aims at the realization of a large-capacity mobile communication system in the microcellular environment and proposes adaptive modulation with dynamic channel assignment (AMDCA) where the idea of dynamic channel assignment (DCA) is introduced into the slow adaptive modulation system. In the proposed system, the received average signal power-to-noise/interference power ratio [C/(N + I)] is measured for each TDMA (time division multiple access) slot. The choice of idle slots in DCA and the choice of applicable modulation parameters for the slots are made in parallel. Thus, wireless frequency resource assignment and the setting of the modulation parameters take place at the same time. This reduces the effect of the space–time distribution of the traffic in DCA and also reduces the effect of the spatial distribution of the received power in the slow adaptive modulation system on the geographical difference of the blocking probability of the users. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by a computer simulation, and it is verified that a capacity approximately 3 times larger can be realized compared with conventional fixed-channel assignment in fixed QPSK in the case of voice transmission. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 82(1): 55–64, 1999
An adaptive M-estimation framework for robust image super resolution without regularization

This paper introduces a new image super-resolution algorithm in an adaptive, robust M-estimation framework. Super-resolution reconstruction is formulated as an optimization (minimization) problem whose objective function is based on a robust error norm. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme lies in the selection of a specific class of robust M-estimators, redescending M-estimators, and the incorporation of a similarity measure to adapt the estimation process to each of the low-resolution frames. Such a choice helps in dealing with violations to the assumed imaging model that could have generated the low-resolution frames from the unknown high-resolution one. The proposed approach effectively suppresses the outliers without the use of regularization in the objective function, and results in high-resolution images with crisp details and no artifacts. Experiments on both synthetic and real sequences demonstrate the superior performance over methods based on the L2 and L1 in the objective function.
A comparison of thumb and forearm muscle effort required for laparoscopic and open surgery using an ergonomic measurement station

Processed electromyogram (EMG) signals were acquired from 27 subjects while they completed two simulated surgical tasks using first a hemostat, and then an Ethicon/sup (R)/ laparoscopic grasper, with the aid of an endoscopic trainer and video monitoring system. The two tasks were: opening and closing alligator clips, and peeling apart two pieces of Velcro/sup (R)/. Three indices (peak processed EMG, average processed EMG and integrated effort-area under the processed EMG vs. time graph) were used to indicate the physical workload placed on the surgeon during laparoscopic and open surgery. It was found that the indices were significantly (P<0.05) greater for both tasks performed using laparoscopic as opposed to open surgery techniques. These findings indicate that performing tasks using laparoscopic surgical techniques is more taxing on the surgeon.
Trellis precoding for channels with spectral nulls

Trellis-enhanced precoding for trellis-coded transmission over ISI channels allows coding and shaping gains to be achieved with minimal transmit power penalty for arbitrary signal constellations, provided the ISI channels are linearly invertible. If the channel exhibits spectral nulls, infinite error propagation can occur within the inverse precoder. We assume ISI channels with spectral nulls and possibly a rational transfer function. First, we investigate methods to stop error propagation in the inverse precoder. This is accomplished by exploiting knowledge about the signal region to which the transmit signal, which needs to be recovered in the inverse precoder, must be confined. Then, we consider combining the concept of feedback trellis encoding with Tomlinson-Harashima (1971, 1972) precoding, whereby error propagation is completely prevented, but only certain signal constellations are allowed. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods for dual-duplex baseband data transmission at 100 Mbit/s over unshielded telephone-grade twisted-pair cables in office building environments.
Concurrent Pascal with backward error recovery: Language features and examples

The programming language Concurrent Pascal has been extended to include some language features that facilitate the writing of fault‐tolerant software. As a result, it is possible now to (1) write operating systems with a measure of fault‐tolerance, and (2) for such an operating system to support fault‐tolerant user programs. The paper describes these language features and illustrates their use with the help of a few working examples.
OBSERVATIONS ON SEMANTIC THEORIES

A general framework for the relations between syntactic forms and semantic elements is discussed. Examples are taken from traditional and transformational grammar. A more detailed analysis is given of a family of verbs (verbs of transfer: to give). Interpretation rules are proposed. The notion of quantifier is extended. The problem of the nature of semantic elements is raised in connection with generative semantics.