Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CNN-Based Super-Resolution of Hyperspectral Images

Single-image super-resolution (SISR) techniques attempt to reconstruct the finer resolution version of a given image from its coarser version. In the SISR of hyperspectral data sets, the simultaneous consideration of spectral bands is crucial for ensuring the spectral fidelity. However, the high spectral resolution of these data sets affects the performance of conventional approaches. This research proposes the design of 3-D convolutional neural network (CNN)-based SISR architectures that can map the spatial–spectral characteristics of hypercubes to a finer spatial resolution. The proposed approaches facilitate the simultaneous optimization of sparse codes and dictionaries with regard to the super-resolution objective. Our main hypothesis is that the consideration of spectral aspects is essential for the spatial enhancement of hyperspectral images. Also, we propose that the regularized deconvolution of a coarser-scale hypercube, using learned 3-D filters, yields the required high-resolution version. Based on these hypotheses, a convolution–deconvolution framework is proposed to super-resolve the hypercubes in parallel with the reconstruction of a set of regularizing features. Novel sparse code optimization sub-networks proposed in this article give better performance than the existing strategies. The endmember similarities and hyperspectral image prior are considered while designing the proposed loss functions. In order to improve the generalizability, a collaborative spectral unmixing strategy is employed to refine the spectral base of the super-resolved result. The spatial–spectral accuracy of the super-resolved hypercubes, in terms of the validity of regularizing features and endmembers, is explored to devise an optimal ensemble strategy. The experiments, over different data sets, confirm better accuracy of the proposed frameworks compared to the prominent approaches.
Health-Risk Transition and 8-Year Hypertension Incidence in a Nationwide Thai Cohort Study

OBJECTIVE : Rapid economic growth is transforming Thailand into a middle-income country. Also emerging are chronic diseases particularly hypertension, diabetes mellitus and kidney disease. There are few studies of the incidence of hypertension. We analyse the effect on 8-year incidence of hypertension of transitional health-risk factors including demography, socioeconomic status (SES), body mass index (BMI), sedentariness, physical activity, underlying diseases, personal behaviours, food, fruit and vegetable consumption. DESIGN & METHODS : Health-risk factors and their effects on the incidence of hypertension were evaluated prospectively in the national Thai Cohort Study from 2005 to 2013. All data were derived from 40,548 Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University students returning mail-based questionnaire surveys in both 2005 and 2013. Adjusted relative risks of association between each risk factor and incidence of hypertension were calculated after controlling for confounding factors. RESULTS : In Thailand, the 8-year incidence of hypertension was 5.1% (men 7.1%, women 3.6%). Hypertension was associated with ageing, higher BMI, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, high lipids, SES, lower education level, lower household asset, physical inactivity, smoking, instant food intake and soft drink. Sex, having a partner, urbanization and sedentary habits had no influence on hypertension. CONCLUSION : In Thailand, hypertension is becoming a serious risk factor for chronic disease with a wide array of associations with modern life. As Thailand’s socio-economy develops the health-risk transition will further impact on population health. Thais should be encouraged by government policy to consume less instant food, maintain normal BMI, increased physical activity, stop smoking and consume less soft drink.
DrivAER: Identification of driving transcriptional programs in single-cell RNA sequencing data

Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) unfolds complex transcriptomic data sets into detailed cellular maps. Despite recent success, there is a pressing need for specialized methods tailored towards the functional interpretation of these cellular maps. Here, we present DrivAER, a machine learning approach that scores annotated gene sets based on their relevance to user-specified outcomes such as pseudotemporal ordering or disease status. We demonstrate that DrivAER extracts the key driving pathways and transcription factors that regulate complex biological processes from scRNA-seq data.
An Analysis of Initiatives Taken to Build Social Cohesion and Peace in Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka is a multi-ethnic and multi-religious country which encountered a devastating civil war for 26 years. Although war ended in 2009, Sri Lanka is still far from reaching positive peace, as ethnic disharmony and national disintegration adversely affect the nation-building process. The Ministry of Education has formulated the National Policy on Education for Social Cohesion and Peace (ESCP) in 2008 to support national integration among different groups in Sri Lanka. The Ministry of Education has taken initiatives under the recommendations of the National Policy to build social cohesion through peace and multicultural education. This study examines the progress of initiatives taken by the Ministry of Education to build social cohesion in Sri Lanka. A survey was conducted covering 300 respondents or stakeholders of education to find out their perceptions on social cohesion and peace. Then, perceptions were analyzed to see whether they match with the objectives of the National Policy to evaluate, to what extent respondents have absorbed and accepted the message given through these initiatives for 10 years, since the formation of the National Policy in 2008 to 2018.
Effect of oral contraceptive steroids upon epithelium and mucus.

The effects of oral contraceptive (OC) steroids upon epithelium and mucus of the cervix are reviewed. The cervix is an obvious place to look for any positive correlation between OCs and neoplasm. The appearance of the cervix affected by OCs is described in terms of the following: 1) clinical appearance 2) colposcopic appearance 3) cytological appearance and 4) histological appearance. Cytological studies of the cervical epithelium suggest that while the pill at this point is non carcinogenic users of the pill open themselves up to a higher prevalence rate of cervical epithelial abnormalities. The clinical appearance and characteristics of cervical mucus of Oc users is described as well as the ultrastructural appearance. The question of a possible carcinogenic or anticarcinogenic effect of OCs has still to be elucidated.
Parenting, Neurobiology, and Prosocial Development

Children vary considerably in their propensities to orient toward, feel empathy for, and provide help to others in need or distress. This variability is rooted in a complex interplay between parenting factors, child neurobiology, and development. This chapter focuses on the two most common perspectives for studying and theorizing about this interplay. First, children’s experiences with compassionate and sensitive caregiving help to regulate and organize neurobiological systems related to affiliation, stress, and emotion in ways that prepare children to be prosocial. However, children also vary in their sensitivity to the effects of compassionate versus harsh caregiving. Thus, this chapter also considers how children’s neurobiology moderates the relation between parenting factors and prosocial development. These biopsychosocial perspectives expand our understanding of which children will be more or less prosocial as well as the mechanisms underlying these individual differences.
Unusual Long-Term Complication of Permanent Central venous Catheter for Hemodialysis. Review of the Literature on Mechanical Complications

The ideal dialysis access ensures adequate blood flow for dialysis, has a long life, and is associated with a low complication rate. Although no current type of access fulfills all these criteria, the native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is close to doing so. Unfortunately, various kinds of vascular access (VA) are becoming more and more necessary to enable hemodialysis (HD). The central venous catheter (CVC), which is associated with higher morbidity and mortality, could be the only viable option to maintain permanent VA. We report an unusual complication in a patient, a 74-year-old female, who had been undergoing HD via a CVC for 14 yrs. A polyurethane CVC with a double lumen was inserted into the right internal jugular vein because an AVF was not feasible, and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) prosthesis was obstructed. In 2003, the CVC was removed due to stenosis and occlusion of the superior vena cava. A new CVC, also made of polyurethane and with a double lumen, was inserted into the left femoral vein. In January 2005, the patient reported a small rupture of about 3–4 mm located under the cuff of the CVC. For this reason, the left femoral vein had to be used, replacing the Optiflow one with a 40-cm long Tesio CVC, and the second catheter was inserted into the right femoral artery by conventional surgery. After 10 months, the patient returned once more, after the CVC in the left femoral vein had been removed because of malfunction and that the attempts to cannulate the same vein again had failed. Currently, two 70-cm long Tesio catheters implanted in the right femoral vein (whose tips almost reach the diaphragm) are used for dialysis sessions. The number of CVC implants has progressively increased amongst HD patients who are elderly, diabetic or who have been on long-term HD. The patient described in this case report is currently using a 70-cm long double Tesio catheter (single Tesio CVC in SPI silicon) placed in the right femoral vein. She has resumed therapy with dicumarol anticoagulants, maintaining INR within the 2.5–3.5 range. In conclusion, both the increase in the use of venous catheters for HD and in the survival of dialysis patients contribute towards the observation of rare complications associated with CVC use.
Candida türlerinde biyofilm oluşumunun modifiye mikroplak ve modifiye XTT redüksiyon yöntemleri ile saptanması

Amac: Invaziv girisimlerin artisi, genis spektrumlu antibiyotiklerin kullanimi, immunsupresif tedavilerin yayginlasmasi, kemik iligi baskilanmasi ve notropeni gibi faktorler, ciddi fungal enfeksiyonlarin, ozellikle Candida enfeksiyonlarinin sikligini arttirmaktadir. Bu artis kandidalarin virulans faktorlerine dikkati cekmistir. Biyofilm olusturma kapasitesi onemli virulans faktorlerinden biridir. Calismamizda klinik orneklerden soyutlanan Candida turlerinde iki farkli yontem ile biyofilm olusumunu saptamayi amacladik. Gerec ve Yontem: Calismada Ege Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Tibbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dali, Mikoloji Laboratuvarinda 2012-2014 yillarina ait cesitli klinik orneklerden soyutlanmis ve stoklanmis 216 kandida izolati kullanildi. Biyofilm olusumunu saptamak icin modifiye mikroplak ve modifiye XTT reduksiyon yontemleri, istatistiksel degerlendirmeler icin ki-kare testi kullanildi. Bulgular: Incelenen kandidalarda modifiye mikroplak yontemiyle %19.4 (n=42), XTT reduksiyon yontemiyle %22.7 (n=49) biyofilm pozitifligi saptandi. Biyofilm pozitifligi mikroplak yontemi ile; Candida albicans’larin %12.5’inde (n=16), Albicans Disi Candida’larin (ADC) %29.5’inde (n=26), XTT reduksiyon yontemi ile; Candida albicans’larin %15.6’sinda (n=20), ADC’lerin %32.9’unda (n=30) saptandi. Oranlar arasindaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamli bulundu (ki-kare=11.246; p=0.024). Biyofilm pozitifligi her iki yontem ile en cok Candida tropicalis izolatlarinda (13/30 ve 12/30) saptandi. Sonuc: Calismamizda elde edilen verilere gore, modifiye XTT reduksiyon yonteminin biyofilm olusumunu daha iyi saptadigi ve Candida tropicalis suslarinin daha fazla biyofilm olusturdugu sonucuna vardik.
Impact of Satellite Observations on Forecasting Sudden Stratospheric Warmings

The observational impacts of satellite data assimilation on extended‐range forecasts of sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) are investigated by conducting ensemble forecast experiments. We use two Japanese novel reanalysis products: the Japanese 55‐year reanalysis (JRA‐55) and its subset that assimilates conventional observations only (JRA‐55C). A comparative examination on the reproducibility for SSWs between the two ensemble forecasts reveals that the impact of satellite observations is significant for forecasts starting 5 days before the SSW onset, with 20% less accuracy in the JRA‐55C forecasts. Moreover, some of forecasts of vortex‐splitting SSWs show a sudden appearance of deep difference, which lasts over a few months in the lower stratosphere and significantly affects the surface climate. These results highlight an important role of mesospheric and upper stratospheric circulations on the onset and development of SSWs.
Research on the Effects of Information Description on Crowdfunding Success within a Sustainable Economy—The Perspective of Information Communication

Crowdfunding has been widely used by small and micro enterprises, which can raise funds through launching a project in crowdfunding platform. It is also beneficial to sustainable financing. What is more, the success of crowdfunding projects facilitates the sustainable development of those growing enterprises. In this study, from the perspective of information communication and based on information asymmetry and signaling theory, we identify three dimensions of information description, including information quantity (word count, picture count and video count), information attitude (as measured by comment), and information quality (readability and update). We empirically examine their direct effects on crowdfunding success and the moderating effect of information attitude using binary logistic regression. Data (N = 7207) is collected from Kickstarter, a popular crowdfunding platform. The results reveal that when considering these three dimensions of information description together, word count is associated with crowdfunding success in an inverted-U shape. Picture count, video count, comment, and update have positive effects on crowdfunding success. In contrast, readability is negatively related to crowdfunding success. In addition, we find that comment negatively moderates the effect of picture count on crowdfunding success. These findings show the significance of information description on crowdfunding success, bringing theoretical and practical insights for project creators.
Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in US Females

ii Acknowledgments . iv Vita . v List of Tables . viii List of Figures . x Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Background . 1 Research Objective . 3 Research Questions . 3 List of Abbreviations.5 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 8 Cardiovascular Disease . 8 Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors . 10 Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk . 11 Diet and Prevention . 13 Dietary Patterns and Health . 16 Assessment (The Healthy Eating Index-2010) . 18 Dietary Saturated Fats . 18
The interaction of characteristics of performance management systems and the role of the management accountant - a comparative case study approach

This study has a core research objective to investigate the interaction of key characteristics of a performance management system (PMS) and the role of the management accountant (MA). Based on case interviews with matched pairs of MAs and operative managers (OMs) in sixteen organisations, a cross-case analysis of each occupational group is performed – considering the MA and OM perspective separately, which is potentially new compared to prior management accounting literature. Whereas MAs tend to distinguish between three roles of scorekeeping, controlling and business support, OMs are mainly concerned with the value-adding and non-value-adding character of activities and thus support a dichotomy of the MA’s roles. Extant PMS characteristics are operationalised and amended to build a structure for the analysis of interactions. Based on the role episode model of Katz and Kahn, the interaction is described as a role-taking and role-making mechanism, integrating the PMS characteristics as surrounding conditions as well as developing further influential factors. This results in an updated role episode model. An original contribution to theory is the extension of Katz and Kahn’s model to the context of management accounting which integrates amended PMS characteristics. This research also adds to management control literature in that the characteristics of a PMS framework are extended and related to the role of the MA as suggested by role antecedents in prior literature. The research also reveals factors enabling or blocking the business support role of the MA as well as the impact of role consensus or role conflict. This study also depicts four PMS models of strength and coherence, and highlights the necessity for further research on the impact of other stakeholders. For practitioners, the study reveals how the characteristics of a PMS might impact on the MA’s role change towards a business support role.
The Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease in Pre-Term Infants

This mini-review summarises the risk factors for acquiring Respiratory Syncitial Virus (RSV) infection, and describes the harmful effects of the infection in pre-term infants is currently unavailable. Palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody licensed for the prevention of RSV, lowers respiratory tract disease in pre-term infants. The home healthcare nurse can play an important role. By developing patient and caregiver trust, the nurse can implement an RSV prevention plan, leading to a decrease in the hospitalization of premature infants with RSV. Conclusions: Commercially-insured late pre-term infants with RSV infection are at high risk of recurrent wheezing and infantile asthma for 1 year after the initial episode, and pose a significant economic burden on the healthcare system. Education is critical for the continuing development of clinical NICU nursing practice.
A simple passive 390 mV ac/dc rectifier for energy harvesting applications

This paper reports a simple, discrete, ac/dc rectifier architecture intended for magnetic energy harvesters that functions with ac input voltages as low as 390 mVpk. The proposed four NMOS rectifier (4NR) employs cross-connected, saturated-load NMOS inverters. The circuit is completely passive, exhibits good low-voltage performance, consists of only four components for small footprint, and requires no additional blocking diode to prevent power flow from the load. At 2 Vpk input, the 4NR exhibits a power efficiency of 93 % and 400 μW of output power. The 4NR is also successfully connected to an off-the-shelf TI BQ25504 dc/dc converter + battery management chip and shown to charge both capacitor and lithium-ion battery energy storage reservoirs.
Association of Pain Quality with Pain Catastrophizing and Self-efficacy in People with Knee Osteoarthritis.

Objective Patients with chronic pain often have symptoms similar to neuropathic pain (NeP). Such symptoms are also frequently observed in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, pain quality may be related to psychological problems such as high pain catastrophizing and/or low self-efficacy. The objective of the current study was to investigate whether pain quality is associated with pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy in individuals with symptomatic knee OA. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which 50 subjects with symptomatic knee OA were enrolled. NeP scores were evaluated using the painDETECT questionnaire (PDQ), the pain catastrophizing scores were evaluated using the coping strategy questionnaire, and the self-efficacy scores were evaluated using the self-efficacy scale for rheumatoid arthritis (SERA). Participants were classified as members of the unlikely NeP group (PDQ score ≤12) or the uncertain/likely NeP group (PDQ score >12). The pain catastrophizing scores and the self-efficacy scores were compared between the two groups. Results Of the 50 participants, 17 (34%) were classified in the uncertain/likely NeP group. The pain catastrophizing score was higher for the uncertain/likely NeP group (6.2 ± 3.3) than for the unlikely NeP group (4.5 ± 2.8; P=0.03). On the SERA scale, the self-efficacy for pain score was lower for the uncertain/likely NeP group (21.9 ± 3.1) than for the unlikely NeP group (24.2 ± 3.1; P=0.03). Conclusion High pain catastrophizing and low self-efficacy for pain control are significantly associated with the existence of an NeP component on PDQ in people with symptomatic knee OA.
Robust Distributed Consensus Control of Uncertain Multiagents Interacted by Eigenvalue-Bounded Topologies

The uncertainties arising from the plant model and topologies have been a major challenge in multiagent consensus control. This article presents a distributed robust control method for an uncertain multiagent system with eigenvalue-bounded topologies. The heterogeneity of node dynamics is described as the uncertainties of a linear model with a common certain part. The linear transformation method is adopted to decompose topologically coupled controllers. Then, the linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) technique is used to numerically solve the distributed robust controller problem. It is proved that such a controller is robust stable under the condition that the topology is eigenvalue-bounded. The effectiveness of this method is validated by the simulation of a group of unmanned ground vehicles compared with the LQR controller.
The proteomic inventory reveals the chloroplast ribosome as nexus within a diverse protein network

Chloroplast gene expression is tightly regulated and majorly controlled on the level of protein synthesis. Fine-tuning of translation is vital for plant development, acclimation to environmental challenges and for the assembly of major protein complexes such as the photosynthesis machinery. However, many regulatory mediators and the interaction network of chloroplast ribosomes are not known to date. We report here on a deep proteomic analysis of the plastidic ribosome interaction network in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells. Affinity-purification of ribosomes was achieved via endogenous affinity tagging of the chloroplast-encoded protein Rpl5, yielding a specific enrichment of >650 chloroplast-localized proteins. The ribosome interaction network was validated for several proteins and provides a new source of mainly conserved factors directly linking translation with central processes such as protein folding, photosystem biogenesis, redox control, RNA maturation, energy and metabolite homeostasis. Our approach provided the first evidence for the existence of a plastidic co-translational acting N-acetyltransferase (cpNAT1). Expression of tagged cpNAT1 confirmed its ribosome-association, and we demonstrated the ability of cpNAT1 to acetylate substrate proteins at their N-terminus. Our dataset establishes that the chloroplast protein synthesis machinery acts as nexus in a highly choreographed, spatially interconnected protein network and underscores its wide-ranging regulatory potential during gene expression. ONE-SENTENCE SUMMARY Affinity purification of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast ribosomes and subsequent proteomic analysis revealed a broad spectrum of interactors ranging from global translation control to specific pathways.