Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Image Colorization Algorithm based on Dense Neural Network

In most scenes, color images have richer information than grayscale images. This paper presents a method of grayscale image pseudo coloring that constructed and trained an end-to-end deep learning model based on dense neural network aims to extract all kinds of information and features (such as classification information and detail feature information). Entering a grayscale picture to the trained network can generate a full and vibrant vivid color picture. By constantly training the entire network on a wide variety of data sets, you will get the most adaptable, high-performance pseudo color network. The experiments show that the method proposed has a higher utilization of features and can obtain a satisfactory coloring effect. Compared with the current advanced pseudo color methods, it has also made remarkable improvements, and to a certain extent, the problem during the coloring processing have been improved, such as color overflow, loss of details, low contrast etc.
Trunk neural crest origin of caudal fin mesenchyme in the zebrafish Brachydanio rerio

The origin of fin mesenchyme and the cells forming the distal fin ray skeleton in fishes is unknown, but is often assumed to be the neural crest. To test this possibility, a series of experiments have been done using a vital cell marking technique to label candidate progenitor cell populations in early zebrafish embryos. Injections of the fluorescent membrane probe DiI were made in discrete focal points into the dorsal aspect of the caudal neural keel before trunk neural crest cell emigration at that axial level in embryos at the 15-20 somite stage. As controls, injections were made into both paraxial, unsegmented mesoderm, and somitic mesoderm before somite elevation, ventral and lateral to the dorsal keel injection site. Only after injection into the neural keel site were labelled cells subsequently found in the fin mesenchyme (along with labelling of other cells types traditionally regarded as crest derived). These data provide the first experimental evidence that early fin bud mesenchyme contains a contribution from the trunk neural crest, and support the hypothesis that the dermal skeleton depends upon a crest-derived mesenchyme for its formation. We suggest that a causal link between neural crest-derived mesenchyme and the development of the exoskeleton has been evolutionary conserved throughout the neural crest of teleosts but has been lost in the trunk crest of higher vertebrates.
Le bissap (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) : composition et principales utilisations

Introduction . Hibiscus sabdariffa L. est une plante herbacee, vivace, localisee dans les zones tropicales et subtropicales des deux hemispheres. L’espece est exploitee pour sa fibre et principalement pour ses calices qui sont de trois types : vert, rouge et rouge fonce. Composition . Les calices de type rouge sont les plus utilises et se caracterisent par leur concentration elevee en anthocyanes qui peut atteindre 1,5 g·kg–1 . La delphinidine 3-sambubioside et la cyanidine 3-sambubioside sont les anthocyanes majoritaires avec, respectivement, (71 et 29) % des anthocyanes totaux. Les acides organiques, mineraux et acides amines sont presents dans les calices, feuilles et graines d’H. sabdariffa a des teneurs variables suivant la variete et la zone geographique. Utilisations . Les utilisations des differentes parties de l’H. sabdariffa sont nombreuses et variees aussi bien dans l’alimentation que dans la medecine traditionnelle. Les calices, du fait de leur concentration elevee en acides, vitamine C et surtout en anthocyanes, constituent la partie de la plante la plus valorisee. Ils sont surtout utilises pour la production de boissons desalterantes et tonifiantes sans alcool. Les graines d’H. sabdariffa de par leur richesse en proteine (26 %), lipides (20 %) et sucres totaux (40 %) sont tres utilisees dans l’alimentation dans de nombreux pays africains. Les feuilles constituent une bonne source de nutriments et sont utilisees en Afrique pour la preparation de sauces.
CHIOT: Estimating Historical Input-output Tables of China

The objective of the project called China historical input-output tables (CHIOT) is to estimate input-output tables (IOT) of China for every five years from 1958 to 1968. Because the economic growth theory is about longterm issues, analyzing only the post-reform-and-open era is hard to give a panorama of the base of economic growth of China. However, except for a trial version of IOT compiled for the year of 1973, there exist only IOTs of China for the years after the beginning of economic reform. Based on this background, we initialized the CHIOT project. The project starts from the estimation of sectoral direct input coefficients. The estimation is mainly based on firm-level technical data that we obtained from representative firms of each industry. By adding few reasonable assumption, we obtain average direct input coefficients at the national level. Based on this, the flow tables are generated by using national statistical data. In order to understand the environmental impact of production and consumption in the early period of the P.R. C. , we also estimate several key environmental pollutions by IO ∗Corresponding author address: Institute of Financial Studies, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, China 250100. E-mail address: c lin@sdu.edu. cn (C. Lin). Preprint submitted to CJE June 1, 2015 sectors, which make our tables be environmentally extended IOTs.
Development of RT-PCR assays using fluorogenic-3' minor groove binder DNA probes for detection of fruit tree viruses

In phytosanitary certification, there is currently a need for the development of reliable, sensitive and rapid tests for the routine detection of Ilarviruses and latent viruses from fruit trees during the dormant season. We have developed real-time RT-PCR assays that allow the reliable detection of Prunus necrotic ringspot ilarvirus, Apple chlorotic leafspot trichovirus and Apple stem pitting virus in bark tissues of dormant wood. These assays are well adapted for the routine detection of these three viruses because they eliminate one risk of contamination by performing the whole test in a single closed tube.
The effort of othering

Starting from the local variations of the way Nahuatl people of Milpa Alta, Mexico City, have been identified, the first aim of this article is to explore the relations between the construction of autochthonous identities and the formation and transformation of a national identity, a process I call the effect of othering. The second aim is to suggest that attention to the local processes of identification offers a key to an anthropology of the nation and the state which decenters it from the categories of its own discourse.
Introduction

First comes Lee’s exposition, which expertly introduces the topic, with special reference to the possible value of properly weighted cross-product terms for enhancing the predictive value of psychological tests. Then Lubin considers the difficult matter of interpreting interactions of independent variables in experiments. His insightful approach to ordinal vs. disordinal interactions should help clarify the thinking of experimenters. Collier brings to education and psychology individual-treatment interaction and its effect upon significance tests in a randomizedblock design, based upon important plot-treatment-interaction work of the mathematical statisticians Martin B. Wilk and Oscar Kempthome.
SOME SPECIES OF DIPTERA INHABITING OR FREQUENTING THE WHEAT FIELDS OF THE MIDDLE WEST

The swarms of small Diptera that are to be found in the fields of fall wheat in Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, during late autumn and in early spring, seldom fail to attract the attention of the entomologist who has occasion to visit these fields at the above mentioned seasons. That some species are attracted to these fields as mere visitants is indicated by the accompanying list, but that many others breed there, either upon the living or the dead portions of the wheat plants, is as clearly apparent.
A Direct Estimate of the Human αβ T Cell Receptor Diversity

Generation and maintenance of an effective repertoire of T cell antigen receptors are essential to the immune system, yet the number of distinct T cell receptors (TCRs) expressed by the estimated 10 12 T cells in the human body is not known. In this study, TCR gene amplification and sequencing showed that there are about 10 6 different β chains in the blood, each pairing, on the average, with at least 25 different α chains. In the memory subset, the diversity decreased to 1 × 10 5 to 2 × 10 5 different β chains, each pairing with only a single α chain. Thus, the naive repertoire is highly diverse, whereas the memory compartment, here one-third of the T cell population, contributes less than 1 percent of the total diversity.
Latent variable models for analysing multidimensional gene expression data

Multi-tissue gene expression studies give rise to 3D arrays of data. These experiments make it possible to study the tissue-specific nature of gene regulation and also the relationship between genotypes and higher level traits such as disease status. Analysing these multidimensional data sets is a statistical challenge, as they contain high noise levels and missing data. In this thesis I introduce a new approach for analysing multidimensional gene expression data sets called SPIDER (SParse Integrated DEcomposition for RNA-sequencing). SPIDER is a sparse Bayesian tensor decomposition that models the data as a sum of components (or factors). Each component consists of three vectors of scores or loadings that describe modes of variation across individuals, genes and tissues. Sparsity is induced in the components using a spike and slab prior, allowing for recovery of sparse structure in the data. The decomposition is easily extended to jointly decompose several data types, handle missing data and allow for relatedness between individuals, another common problem in genetics. Inference for the model is performed using variational Bayes. SPIDER is compared to existing approaches for decomposing multidimensional data via simulations. Results suggest that SPIDER performs comparably to, or better than, existing approaches and particularly well when the underlying signals are very sparse. Additional simulations designed to contain realistic levels of signal and noise suggest that SPIDER has the power to recover gene networks from gene expression data. I have applied SPIDER to gene expression data measured using RNA-sequencing for 845 individuals in three tissues from the TwinsUK cohort. Estimated components were tested for association with genetic variation genome-wide. Five signals describing gene regulation networks driven by genetic variants are uncovered, building on the current understanding of these pathways. In addition, components uncovering effects of experimental artefacts and covariates were also recovered from the data.
Protein and energy nutrition of marine gadoids, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus L.)

Primary goals of this thesis were to: 1) examine the in vivo digestion of macronutrients from conventional or alternative feed ingredients used in practical diets of juvenile gadoids (Atlantic cod and haddock), 2) document growth potential of fish at the juvenile grower phase given varying levels of dietary protein and energy and 3) assess the potential of in vitro pH-Stat methods for rapid screening protein quality of feed ingredients, specifically for gadoids. All primary research questions were linked to and built upon one another with the goal of gaining a better understanding of protein and energy utilization of juvenile grower phase gadoids. Studies showed that cod and haddock have a high capacity to utilize a wide range of dietary feed ingredients, such as fish meals, zooplankton meal, soybean products (meal, concentrate and isolate) and wheat gluten meal. New dietary formulations for gadoids may also utilize pulse meals, corn gluten meal, canola protein concentrate and crab meal. Digestibility data in this thesis is currently the only research that examined both in vivo and in vitro macronutrient digestibility of a large number and wide range of individual ingredients, specifically for gadoids. This is essential to gain new knowledge on protein and energy utilization as well as for least-cost ration formulations and effective substitution of ingredients into new formulations. Data has demonstrated a dietary digestible protein/digestible energy (DP/DE)ratio of 30 g DP/MJ DE is required for gadoids during the juvenile phase (<100 g) to ensure maximum somatic tissue growth, high digestibility, maximum nitrogen and energy retention efficiency and minimal excessive liver growth. Preliminary nutrient requirement studies together with an applied nutritional approach has identified that feeds for juveniles farmed in the Western North Atlantic should contain 50-55% crude protein, <12% fat and <17% carbohydrate. Data in this thesis is currently the first aimed at development and application of an in vitro closed-system pH-Stat assay for rapid screening protein quality of test ingredients that is ‘species-specific’ to gadoids. It is demonstrated that in vitro results generally reflected results obtained through conventional in vivo protein digestibility methods. Studies resulted in the first generation of a ‘gadoid-specific’ proteolytic enzyme extraction method and in vitro closed-system pH-Stat assay which may be useful to investigate protein digestion, absorption and metabolism of gadoids and further development of their feeds.
Chloroplast DNA and nuclear DNA variation in the sympatric alder species, Alnus cordata (Lois.) Duby and A. glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.

The European alder species, Alnus cordata and A. glutinosa have sympatric distributions on Corsica and southern Italy, where they often grow in mixed populations. An assessment was made of the levels of genetic variation in the chloroplast and nuclear genomes of individual trees from 22 alder populations from Corsica and Italy. The distribution of 10 chloroplast DNA polymorphisms generated by the PCR-RFLP method shows strong geographic structuring of cpDNA haplotypes. Conversely, variation in the nuclear genome, as determined by ISSR analysis, is strongly correlated to the taxonomic affinities of the individual trees analysed. Approximately 50% of ISSR variation (P=0.00, AMOVA) could be attributed to differences between species. Possible reasons for the incongruence between variation in the chloroplast and nuclear genomes are discussed.
Experimental Study of Phase Transition in Sloshing-Induced Impact in Two-Dimensional Tank

In the sloshing phenomenon, a lot of experiments have been conducted in terms of high nonlinearity and time cost in numerical method. Most sloshing experiments are performed with water and air, which has caused some challenges like density ratio and phase transition. In case of density ratio, the experimental method was improved by matching the actual density ratio between liquefied natural gas (LNG) and natural gas (NG) using the mixed gas. Dias et al. (2007) showed the influence of the density ratio with numerical approaches, and Ahn et al. (2012) studied the experimental analysis of sloshing phenomenon considering gas-liquid density ratio by performing 2-dimensional regular test and 3-dimensional irregular test. Karimi et al. (2015, 2016, 2017) investigated the effect of ullage gas on sloshing in terms of global and local flows.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children; Is There an Association with Infantile Colic in Infants?

bjectives: To determine whether irritable bowel syndrome is associated with impressing history of early infantile colic. Design: A retrospective case controlled study. Setting: Local tertiary hospital in Muhayel Aseer Abha district (Saudi Arabia), Rural area in Abo Hareez, Sharkia Governorate (Egypt) and Al Hussein University Hospital(Cairo, Egypt) from April, 2010 to June, 2012. Participants: Four hundred and fifty cases of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) that meet the Rome III criteria and one hundred control, aged 7-17 years old. Main outcome Measures: Irritable bowel patients diagnosed on the basis of Rome III criteria for IBS. Complete stool analysis including Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) stool antigen test and occult blood in addition to urea breath test if necessary. Results: Of the total 450 irritable bowel syndrome cases, 195(43.3%) had reported infantile colic at age 04 months compared to 7% in control group, and family history was evident in 179 (91.8%) of combined colic -irritable bowel cases and in 406 (90.2%) irritable bowel cases.H pylori was present in 41.7% of IBS cases compared to 8% in control. Conclusion: Our findings provide a new correlation between childhood irritable bowel syndrome and past history of infantile colic. Moreover, a significant association was found between irritable bowel syndrome and H pylori infection.
Research on Eye Tracking under Highlight Condition Based on DSP

In order to solve the problem of eye tracking under highlight condition, a method of eye tracking with automatic highlight pixel detection and correction was proposed. First, the color Gaussian model was used to detect the face, and then a fast tracking algorithm was taken to track the face. Then it detects and corrects the highlight pixel in the face tracking box. Finally, it tracked eyes in the face tracking box in which the highlight pixels had been corrected. Experimental results indicated that this algorithm was quite robust and fast.
Molecular Cloning and Expression of Turkey Inhibin-α and -βA Subunits

We isolated cDNA encoding turkey inhibin-alpha (tINH-alpha) and -betaA (tINH-betaA) subunits from the turkey ovary using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The isolated alpha subunit and betaA subunit included the entire open reading frames encoding 329 and 424 amino acids, respectively. The amino acid sequences of mature tINH-alpha subunit and tINH-betaA subunit (12.6 and 12.9 kDa proteins, respectively), established via DNA sequence analysis, were highly conserved between the chicken and various mammals. Northern blot analysis revealed that the transcripts of tINH-alpha and tINH-betaA subunits were approximately 1.7 and 8.4 kb, respectively. In various stages of follicular development, tINH-alpha mRNA was highly expressed in small white follicles as compared to postovulatory and regressed follicles, whereas tINH-betaA mRNA was predominately expressed in preovulatory F5 follicles.
Phylogeography and phylogeny of the epineritic cosmopolitan bonitos of the genus Sarda (Cuvier): inferred patterns of intra‐ and inter‐oceanic connectivity derived from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA data

Aim To reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of the four species of the genus Sarda (Sarda sarda, Sarda orientalis, Sarda australis and Sarda chilensis) and their phylogeographic history in the context of historical and ecological biogeography. Also, to reconstruct within‐species phylogenetic relationships to test whether the North Atlantic and Mediterranean populations of Atlantic bonito (S. sarda) warrant subspecies status, and the validity of the allopatric northern and southern populations of eastern Pacific bonito (S. chiliensis), recognized as S. chiliensis lineolata and S. chiliensis chiliensis.
Design of Half Code Rate Generalized Complex Orthogonal Space Time Block Codes for Multiple Transmit Antennas

This paper investigates the maximum likelihood (ML) decoding of complex orthogonal structure of the space time block codes (STBC) having rate 1/2 of multiple input single output (MISO) systems with 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 transmit antennas. The objective is to explore generator matrices of complex signal constellations that provide high rate as well as full diversity by allowing the simple ML decoding of the symbols. KeywordsOrthogonal space time block codes (OSTBC), maximum likelihood (ML), multiple input single output (MISO, bit error rate (BER), transmit diversity, Alamouti
Evaluation of Network Based IDS and Deployment of multi-sensor IDS

Cloud-based and network-based technology has witnessed an exponential rise in development. Adaptation of these latest technologies has opened flood gates for data breaches, an increase in sophistication of cyber threats, and, a multitude of new attack vectors. Numerous tools and solutions are currently available for detection of these threats. Network-based Intrusion Detection Systems is one of the most effective tools implemented to maintain confidentiality, integrity, and, availability of networks. While there are several open source tools in the offing, this paper evaluates two open-source NIDS Snort and Suricata, along with strategic placement of multi sensor IDS in a WAN environment, in combination with NIDS, for in time threat detection and protection of systems.
AM-DCGAN: Analog Memristive Hardware Accelerator for Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks

Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is a well known computationally complex algorithm requiring signficiant computational resources in software implementations including large amount of data to be trained. This makes its implementation in edge devices with conventional microprocessor hardware a slow and difficult task. In this paper, we propose to accelerate the computationally intensive GAN using memristive neural networks in analog domain. We present a fully analog hardware design of Deep Convolutional GAN (DCGAN) based on CMOS-memristive convolutional and deconvolutional networks simulated using 180nm CMOS technology.
Analogical Reasoning for Visually Grounded Language Acquisition

Children acquire language subconsciously by observing the surrounding world and listening to descriptions. They can discover the meaning of words even without explicit language knowledge, and generalize to novel compositions effortlessly. In this paper, we bring this ability to AI, by studying the task of Visually grounded Language Acquisition (VLA). We propose a multimodal transformer model augmented with a novel mechanism for analogical reasoning, which approximates novel compositions by learning semantic mapping and reasoning operations from previously seen compositions. Our proposed method, Analogical Reasoning Transformer Networks (ARTNet), is trained on raw multimedia data (video frames and transcripts), and after observing a set of compositions such as "washing apple" or "cutting carrot", it can generalize and recognize new compositions in new video frames, such as "washing carrot" or "cutting apple". To this end, ARTNet refers to relevant instances in the training data and uses their visual features and captions to establish analogies with the query image. Then it chooses the suitable verb and noun to create a new composition that describes the new image best. Extensive experiments on an instructional video dataset demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significantly better generalization capability and recognition accuracy compared to state-of-the-art transformer models.
Applications of Mesoporous Silica-Encapsulated Gold Nanorods Loaded Doxorubicin in Chemo-photothermal Therapy

We investigate the chemo-photothermal effects of gold nanorods (GNRs) coated using mesoporous silica (mSiO2) loading doxorubicin (DOX). When the mesoporous silica layer is embedded by doxorubicin drugs, a significant change in absorption spectra enables to quantify the drug loading. We carried out photothermal experiments on saline and livers of mice having GNRs@mSiO2 and GNRs@mSiO2-DOX. We also injected the gold nanostructures into many tumor-implanted mice and used laser illumination on some of them. By measuring the weight and size of tumors, the distinct efficiency of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy on treatment is determined. We experimentally confirm the accumulation of gold nanostructures in the liver.