Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of a team interaction observation protocol and a self-efficacy survey using social cognitive theory as a framework

In this paper, we present the development of two instruments designed to determine what student team interactions relate to self-efficacy and achievement. The social-cognitive theory constitutes the theoretical framework for the development of the instruments. Seven first-year engineering student teams participated in this study. Students took the self-efficacy survey and were video and audio-recorded during a semester. The first instrument created was a survey that measures engineering self-efficacy. Construct validity of this survey was established by correlating it with students’ achievement scores. The internal consistency of the self-efficacy survey is 0.9. The content validity of both instruments was established by a comprehensive literature review and feedback from a panel of experts. The second instrument is an observation protocol designed to capture team oral discourses that occur when solving engineering design problems. Thirty-five discourse moves were established through an iterative process of code development and refinement. These moves were grouped under six discourse categories: task-oriented, responseoriented, learning-oriented, support-oriented, challenge-oriented, and disruptive. The results show that achievement and gain in self-efficacy are significantly correlated. There is also a positive correlation between support-orientated discourse and post self-efficacy scores. Negative correlations are observed between disruptive discourse behaviors and post self-efficacy scores. Discussion includes recommendations for engineering educators on how to help teams build supportive environments and what to look for when evaluating student team interactions.
Mass mortality in Northwestern Mediterranean rocky benthic communities: effects of the 2003 heat wave

Late in summer 2003, extensive mass mortality of at least 25 rocky benthic macro‐invertebrate species (mainly gorgonians and sponges) was observed in the entire Northwestern (NW) Mediterranean region, affecting several thousand kilometers of coastline. We were able to characterize the mortality event by studying six areas covering the main regions of the NW Mediterranean basin. The degree of impact on each study area was quantified at 49 sites by estimating the proportion of colonies affected in populations of several gorgonian species compared with reference data obtained in years without mortality signs. According to these data, the western areas (Catalan coast and Balearic Islands) were the least affected, while the central areas (Provence coast and Corsica‐Sardinia) showed a moderate impact. The northernmost and eastern areas (Gulf of Genoa and Gulf of Naples) displayed the highest impact, with almost 80% of gorgonian colonies affected. The heat wave of 2003 in Europe caused an anomalous warming of seawater, which reached the highest temperatures ever recorded in the studied regions, between 1 and 3 °C above the climatic values (mean and maximum). Because this exceptional warming was observed in the depth ranges most affected by the mortality, it seems likely that the 2003 anomalous temperature played a key role in the observed mortality event. A correlation analysis between temperature conditions and degree of impact seems to support this hypothesis. Under the present climate warming trend, new mass mortality events may occur in the near future, possibly driving a major biodiversity crisis in the Mediterranean Sea.
Based on Adaptive Backstepping Error Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) displays chaotic phenomenon when PMSM in power on or power off. At present, there are many methods to control chaos in PMSM. However, there appears oscillation in course of control chaos in PMSM, which has an effect on practical application. This paper proposes error control based on adaptive backstepping to control chaos in PMSM; an error control item is added in each step virtual control design which has control effect of unknown dynamical error on system. This scheme can eliminate oscillation in course of control chaos. Finally, the simulation results show the effectiveness of theoretical analysis.
Bubble size distributions in a convecting layer

We have conducted a series of laboratory experiments to explore the bubble size distribution coupled with convection in a magma chamber. Boiling liquid heated from below exhibits two types of convection pattern depending on the viscosity. When the viscosity is sufficiently high, bubbles are distributed uniformly in the liquid, and the bubble size distribution becomes the power law type for large bubbles and exponential distribution for small bubbles. On the other hand, when the viscosity is low, bubbles are separated from the liquid layer, making a foam, and their size distribution is exponential for large bubbles and unimodal for small bubbles. These experimental results suggest that the bubble size distribution is determined whether the viscous drag of the magma is sufficiently high to trap bubbles.
MATERNAL CARE IN THE SUBANTARCTIC FUR SEALS ON AMSTERDAM ISLAND

This paper reports the first study of maternal input and care from birth to weaning in a fur seal with a long pup-rearing period: the subantarctic fur seal Arctocephalus tropicalis breeding on the temperate Amsterdam Island, Indian Ocean. The protracted wean- ing period provided the opportunity for examination of maternal care in relation to seasonal changes in the requirements of the mother-pup pair and environmental conditions. During the reproductive season 1995-1996, maternal care was investigated in terms of provisioning (maternal attendance) pattern while diving effort was investigated using time depth recorders in summer and winter. Maternal input was calculated in terms of the absolute rate of pup mass gain and, ultimately, pup growth rate and pup body mass at weaning. Lactating subantarctic fur seals perform one of the longest attendance cycles described in fur seals, spending on average 11-23 d at sea from summer to winter. The time mothers spend ashore suckling their pup is also long (;4 d) but remains constant throughout the year. Throughout the year, maternal input should be described as follows: mothers spending a long time at sea store a large amount of body reserves that provide them a good body condition. Con- sequently, they spend a long time ashore to transfer their body reserves to their pups. However, mothers spending short attendance periods increase the mass transfer efficiency, probably by decreasing their metabolic overhead. In summer, maternal care was mostly controlled by pup traits: maternal absences appeared to be controlled by pup fasting ability, while maternal input was controlled by pup ingestion ability, i.e., pup body size and the time the pup was suckling. In fall, pups were no longer limited in milk ingestion, and maternal input was mostly controlled by maternal traits (e.g., body length and experience). In winter, maternal input decreased as the pup became older despite an increase in maternal diving effort. We propose that, in winter, maternal requirements increase, probably in response to increasing costs of gestation and because of a decrease in food resource avail- ability. Pups whose mother performed short and regular foraging trips grew faster and were heavier at weaning than other pups. This is discussed in term of pup fasting endurance and maternal experience. Finally, we found a window of foraging trip durations that maximizes the net rate of energy acquisition of the pup, suggesting that in subantarctic fur seals there may not exist one optimal maternal attendance pattern, but a range of patterns promoting the same maternal fitness.
Infinitesimal Isospectral Deformations of Symmetric Spaces, II: Quotients of the Special Unitary Group of Rank Two

We study the space I(X) of infinitesimal isospectral deformations of an irreducible and reduced symmetric space X of compact type when X is a quotient of the special unitary group G = SU(n), with n ≥ 3. If X is the reduced space of the special unitary group SU(n) or of the special Lagrangian Grassmannian SU(n)/SO(n), the non-zero G-invariant symmetric 3-form on X gives rise to a linear mapping Φ0 : C∞ R (X) → I(X), where C∞ R (X) is the space of real-valued functions on X. Previously, we constructed a subspace FX of C∞ R (X) of finite-codimension and showed that the restriction Φ : FX → I(X) of Φ0 is a monomorphism. Here we prove that, when n = 3, the mapping Φ is an isomorphism and thus obtain in this case an explicit description of the deformation space I(X).
Presence of fumonisin in the corn-based foods marketed in Istanbul.

PRESENCE OF FUMONISIN IN THE CORN-BASED FOODS MARKETED IN ISTANBUL Fumonisins are a group of fungal metabolites produced by several Fusarium species and have high level toxic effect for human. Fumonisins classified as a human carcinogen are present in cereals, especially corns, which are prone to molding and the formation of mycotoxins. The aim of this study was to determine if corn-based foods marketed in Istanbul contain risky amounts of fumonisin on public health. Totally 75 samples (25 canned sweet corn, 25 corn flour and 25 corn flakes) are provided from several markets. Presence of fumonisin was detected by using ELISA. Out of all the corn flour samples 6 contained fumonisin higher than 2 mg/kg which is the maximum permitted level in Turkish Food Codex. In corn flakes and canned sweet corns no sample exceeded the permitted levels. The rusults indicates that the fumonisin contents of the corn flakes and canned sweet corns are not risky but the corn flours have potential risk for public health.
Social process and product’s domestication

It is well established in literature of domestication studies that homes evolve differently depending on who lives in them and how people negotiate domestic order. Respectively, it is emphasised that social processes play crucial role in domestication of products. This article describes social processes interpreted from data collected in Helsinki area, Finland. The data consists of biographies and photographs of items that interviewees presented as ‘designed functional products’. Emphasis on social processes in domestication studies can be seen as an argument against studies that see consumers as mere passive adapters. The character of consumer might be more versatile. In this article it is proposed that we need to recognise not just active negotiations, but also see passive adoption and indifference as social processes, affecting designed consumer product’s domestication into household.
The Effect of Job Satisfaction on Commitment of Rumah Sakit Mata Undaan Surabaya’s Employees

Preliminary survey result showed the number of employees knowledge about the event held by Undaan Eye Hospital in Surabaya reached 52,8%. It means more than 20% employees are not aware of activity outside the work which that number can affect to decreasing employee commitment to the organization. Job satisfaction factors divided into 5 there are pay satisfaction, promotion, coworker, supervisor and the job characteristic. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence job satisfaction to employee commitment. Observational analytic was used in this research with the cross sectional design. The data was obtained through questionnaire with simple random sampling involving 62 employees as the sample of this research. The data obtained were analyzed using logistic regression test univariate (α=0,05) to examine the influence of Job satisfaction to employee commitment. The test result indicates that job satisfaction significantly influenced employee commitment at significance value of 0,02. Job satisfaction factors that there are influences toward employee commitment are employee’s pay satisfaction (sig=0,001), promotion (sig=0,005), supervisor (sig=0,004) and job characteristic (sig=0,001). On the other hand, the employee’s coworker satisfaction does not influence the employee commitment.
Machine and Converter Reliabilities in Wind Turbines

Electrical Machine/Converter combinations are used in a variety of applications, from powers of Watts to MegaWatts. Some applications, such as propulsion and generation, have high reliability & availability requirements. Modem large wind turbines incorporate variable pitch blades and a variable speed Generator, which feeds the Grid through a Converter and have a need for high reliability & availability. There are a number of configurations of generator and converter intended to provide optimum performance for present and future wind power. This paper describes an investigation into the reliabilities of Generators and Converters in such configurations and is based on failure data collected in Germany and Denmark. The paper draws conclusions about which configurations have the higher reliability and identifies the subassemblies of the turbines which require attention for the future design of high reliability wind turbines. Recommendations are made about how designers and operators of wind turbines can increase their reliability by the choice of Concept and the operating regime
Mood regulation, customer participation, and customer value creation in hospitality services

Purpose: Customers play a key role in value creation. Not surprisingly, research has investigated customers’ motivations to engage in the creation of value. Thus, this study aims to assess the link between mood-regulatory processes and customer participation in value creation. Design/methodology/approach: This study develops a model that relates mood-regulatory processes to customer participation and customer value creation, and tests it with a sample of 419 hotel customers, using partial least squares estimation. Findings: It is found that mood clarity relates directly with customer relational value; mood monitoring relates directly with customer participation as well as directly and indirectly with customer economic and relational value; and mood repair relates directly with customer participation and customer economic value, as well as indirectly with customer economic and relational value. Research limitations/implications: This is a cross-sectional study limited only to hotels in Iran. This is the first study to evaluate the relationship between mood regulation with customer participation and value creation. Hospitality service organizations interested in promoting customer participation may consider mood as a segmentation criterion. Originality/value: Value creation theory was applied to identify the relationship among customer mood regulation, participation, economic value and relational value, as it is first attempted in the hospitality studies.
Is quadrant biopsy adequate as first-line sampling scheme in men likely to have non-organ-confined prostate cancer: comparison to extended biopsy protocol

Background. While extensive prostate biopsy (PB) in the patients with early prostate cancer (PC) provides better sensitivity and more precise tumour staging, in the patients with advanced PC, it is virtually only a confirmation of malignancy. The purpose of our study was to find out whether the quadrant prostate biopsy (QPB) provides a sufficient first-line pathological evaluation in the patients likely to have advanced PC, and whether the reduction of core number impairs the competence of PB through missing quantitative histology information. Methods. We studied 84 men who underwent PB and classified into groups »H« (highly-) and »L« (low likely to have advanced PC). Pathological results of 5-12 cores PB and simulated QPB were retrospectively compared, particularly for the presence of PC, tumour volume, Gleason score (GS), and the presence of highgrade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). Results. The PC detection rate was not impaired in group H, but dropped significantly in group L, while the percentage of positive cores was insignificantly changed in group H (p=0.39), but significantly decreased in group L (p=0.04) due to the sampling scheme reduction. No HGPIN was missed with QBP in group H, while 2 HGPIN were missed in group L. Insignificant GS changes resulted in both groups as a consequence of the limitation to QPB. Conclusions. QPB is an appropriate first-line scheme in the patients with advanced PC as the information lost due to the core number reduction is mainly not critical for patient management.
Reforming Education through User Fees: Ability and Willingness to Pay For University Education in Calabar, Nigeria

This study explored user fees as a policy option in transforming university system in Calabar-Nigeria and its implications for ability and willingness to pay for the cost of schooling. The study was expected to provide a baseline information on the policy-planning process of user fees in solving revenue and financing problems of the university system for efficiency. This survey inferential design study had two research questions and one hypothesis that guide the investigation. With the use of stratified random sampling technique, 460 parents were drawn from the parents’ population in the two universities’ locations. Data collection was carried out using a researchers’ constructed instrument called “Household Reaction To Cost of Schooling Questionnaire (HRTCOSQ)”. Descriptive statistics (using tables and percentages) and Ordinary Least Square Regression Analysis were used to statistically analyze data collected for the study. Results obtained revealed that households in Calabar were able and willing to pay for the cost of schooling. The low income group households were willing to pay more for the male than the female children. The desirability of the user fees as a policy option depended on the ability and willingness of the household to pay for the cost of schooling. It is therefore recommended that the user fees should be adopted by university’s administration to raise revenue while government should provide scholarship to brilliant students from low-income households to cushion effects for equity. Key w ords : Household, user fees, cost, reforming, university education.
Antioxidant, cytotoxic and hypolipidemic activities of Plumeria alba L. and Plumeria rubra L.

Methanolic flower extracts of Plumeria alba and P. rubra were tested for in vitro antioxidant potential, cytotoxicity and hypolipidemic activities. DPPH assay of methanolic extract of Plumeria revealed that 81% and 72% inhibition by P. alba and P. rubra respectively and the total phenolic content was found as 173.9 µg ml-1 and 167.3 µg ml-1. Significant free radical scavenging activities of 1.74 mg ml-1and 1.67 mg ml-1 were observed due to the higher phenolic content. Anti-chlolesterol assay of the extracts demonstrated P. rubra has highest hypolipidemic activity (60%) followed by P. alba (52%). MTT assay using HCT 116 cell lines revealed the antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities of P. alba with an IC50 value of 259.9 µg ml-1. Plumeria species could be a new source of drugs for the treatment of colon cancer and hyperlipidemic conditions due to higher antioxidant potential and phenolic content which was revealed from the study.
Merocyanine Aggregation in Mesoporous Networks

Nanocrystalline films of TiO2, Al2O3, and ZrO2 were used as hosts for the merocyanine 3-acetyl-5-(2-(3-ethyl-2-benzothiazolidinylidene)ethylidene)rhodanine (Mc2) to scrutinize templating effects in the accommodation of the dye within their porous network. Composed of interconnected mesoscopic oxide particles and pores, these films are transparent, allowing for a straightforward application of transmission spectroscopy to unravel the optical features of the incorporated dye species. Apart from H-aggregation, the formation of two different types of two-dimensional assemblies was witnessed yielding red-shifted absorption bands which were identified as J-aggregates, one showing Davidov splitting, the other having a single exciton band. The herringbone packing of the dye molecules in the layered structure of Mc2 sodium salt octahydrate single crystals was taken to model the double-banded J-aggregate structure. On mesoscopic hydroxylated TiO2 anatase films, the structure of the Mc2 assemblies is controlled by t.
Real-time fur modeling with simulation of physical effects

REAL-TIME FUR MODELING WITH SIMULATION OF PHYSICAL EFFECTS Sinan Arıyürek M.S. in Computer Engineering Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Bülent Özgüç September, 2012 Fur is one of the important visual aspects of animals and it is quite challenging to model it in computer graphics. This is due to rendering and animating high amounts of geometry taking excessive time in our personal computers. Thus in computer games most of the animals are without fur or covered with a single layer of texture. But these current methods do not provide the reality and even if the rendering in the game is realistic the fur is omitted. There have been several models to render a fur, but the methods that incorporate rendering are not in real-time, on the other hand most of the real-time methods omit many of the natural aspects , such as; texture lighting, shadow and animation. Thus the outcome is not sufficient for realistic gaming experience. In this thesis we propose a real-time fur represantation that can be used on 3D objects. Moreover, we demonstrate how to; render, animate and burn this real-time fur.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRICALLY IDENTIFIED STARS IN THE PEARS-N AND PEARS-S FIELDS

Deep ACS slitless grism observations and identification of stellar sources are presented within the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey North and South fields which were obtained in the Probing Evolution And Reionization Spectroscopically (PEARS) program. It is demonstrated that even low-resolution spectra can be a very powerful means of identifying stars in the field, especially low-mass stars with stellar types M0 and later. The PEARS fields lay within the larger GOODS fields, and we used new, deeper images to further refine the selection of stars in the PEARS field, down to a magnitude of z850 = 25 using a newly developed stellarity parameter. The total number of stars with reliable spectroscopic and morphological identification was 95 and 108 in the north and south fields, respectively. The sample of spectroscopically identified stars allows constraints to be set on the thickness of the Galactic thin disk as well as contributions from a thick disk and a halo component. We derive a thin disk scale height, as traced by the population of M4–M9 dwarfs along two independent lines of sight, of hthin = 370+60−65 pc. When including the more massive M0–M4 dwarf population, we derive hthin = 300 ± 70 pc. In both cases, we observe that we must include a combination of thick and halo components in our models in order to account for the observed numbers of faint dwarfs. The required thick disk scale height is typically hthick = 1000 pc and the acceptable relative stellar densities of the thin disk to thick disk and the thin disk to halo components are in the range of 0.00025 < fhalo < 0.0005 and 0.05 < fthick < 0.08 and are somewhat dependent on whether the more massive M0–M4 dwarfs are included in our sample.
A test of the accuracy of shade-tolerance classifications based on physiognomic and reproductive traits

Traits such as live crown ratio and understory stem density are often used subjectively as a guide to grouping tree species into shade tolerance classes. The accuracy of this approach was tested on nine species in an upland oak forest by comparing a tolerance index based on measurements of live crown ratio and understory stem density with observed survival and growth rates of suppressed trees obtained from 19-year permanent plot records. A high correlation (r = 0.93) was found between predicted and observed tolerance indices. The observed tolerance of several species differs from traditional classifications but was correctly predicted by the tolerance index.