Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance of fifteen rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars in relation to early seedling growth traits against NaCl salinized water

A laboratory experiment was conducted with the objectives to assess rice seedling growth performance and to examine the range of genetic variability for salinity tolerance among fifteen rice cultivars in a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors and three replication at Seed Testing Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan under four salinity (control 00, 50, 100 and 150 mM L -1 NaCl) levels. Data were analyzed statistically for germination (%), shoot and root length, shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh weight, root: shoot ratio and seedling vigour index. The results showed that rice seed germination percent, shoot, root length, shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh weight, root:shoot ratio and seedling vigour index were significantly decreased in all cultivars due to increasing salinity level. The higher values of studied traits were obtained in control (00 mM) treatments. However, highest decline was observed at higher concentrations of 150 mM NaCl. In this
AN INTELLIGENT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR FUZZY ADDITIVE MODELLING (HYDROLOGICAL RISK APPLICATION)

In this paper we propose and construct Fuzzy Algebraic Additive Model, for the estimation of risk in various fields of human activities or nature’s behavior. Though the proposed model is useful in a wide range of scientific fields, it was designed for to torrential risk evaluation in the area of river Evros. Clearly the model’s performance improves when the number of parameters and the actual data increases. A Fuzzy Decision Support System was designed and implemented to incorporate the model’s risk estimation capacity and the risk estimation output of the system was compared with the output of other existing methods with very interesting results.
On the number 495 (A constant similar to Kaprekar's Constant)

Introduction. According to Gauss Mathematics is the queen of sciences and the theory of numbers is the queen of mathematics [1]. Number theory created interest among noted mathematicians as well as numerous amateurs from the time of Pythagoras. Nannei discussed a problem by Barisien on one characteristic of 6-digit numbers [2]. Kaprekar dealt with 4-digit numbers and the number 6174 is known as Kaprekar's constant [3,4] (discussed later in this paper). This constant is obtained by a set of recurrent mathematical operations on any 4digit number with at least two distinct digits. The present paper deals with a similar characteristic of 3-digit numbers.
Bifurcation Structure Of A Periodically Driven Bubble Oscillator Near Blake’s Critical Threshold

It is well-known that gas/vapour bubbles in liquids growth indefinitely if the ambient pressure exceeds Blake’s critical threshold. For several decades of investigations, researchers tried to find numerical evidence for the stabilization of such bubbles by applying a harmonically varying pressure field on the liquid domain (ultrasonic irradiation) in this regime, with only partial success. Since, the applied linearization on the bubble models restricted the findings only for small amplitude radial oscillations. Therefore, the present paper intends to reveal the particularly complex dynamics of a harmonically excited bubble near, but still below Blake’s threshold. The computed solutions with a variety of periodicity, e.g., from period 1 up to period 9, form a well-organised structure with respect to the pressure amplitude of the excitation, provided that the applied frequency is higher than the first subharmonic resonance frequency of the bubble. This predictable behaviour provides a good basis for further investigation to find the relevant stable oscillations beyond Blake’s threshold. Although, the investigated model is the very simple Rayleigh—Plesset equation, the applied numerical technique is free of the restriction of low amplitude oscillations.
Design of Eco Friendly Mechanical Control Device to Trap Pests with Propeller

Various methods both physically and mechanically to control wereng coklat pest have been carried out. However, those ways are less effective control. Then another method was developed more practices and faster using chemical pesticide. However, pesticide has negative impacts. The misuse of pesticide can be danger to public. Therefore, it is necessary to develop eco friendly technology to control pests, based on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) concept considered by ecosystem, stability and continuity of production. Specific target of this research is to develop automatic device to control wereng coklat pest. The purpose of this research is to design wereng coklat pest control device with a motion sensor that consists of a mechanical vacuum and aluminum propeller. The mechanical vacuum linked to the pipe that tipped on light suction funnel. In the suction funnel installed motion sensors that serve to detect the presence / movement wereng coklat pests. Motion sensors will automatically activate a button on the base of the pipe, the light will be light up and suck up the wereng coklat. If there pests are closer to the light, the motion sensor will give a signal and the dynamo will turn the mechanic propeller automatically and suck the pest into the container box pests. This study is experiment research with developed by tested prototype both pre and post test. The result will be used for the evaluation and repair so device will increase capability for hold down pest population up to 75% without pesticide. Key word— motion sensors, propeller, wereng coklat pest
The crisis early warning of the quality of supply chain based on rough set&feature weighted support vector machine

A Rough Set&Feature Weighted Support Vector Machine(RS-FWSVM) model is proposed for the quality of supply chain crisis early-warning, which aims at some problems of the quality of supply chain. This model combines the advantages of the RS and FWSVM, which can get classification per-formances by changing the weights of different linear functions in the feature space. Application process of this model to the crisis early warning of SCQ is researched, which can help enable chain enterprises to identify crises in the process of operations and to predict possible crises.
Chapter 6 Diffuse Axonal Injury : A Devastating Pathology

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) also known as intracranial injury is the result of a lesion within the brain due to an external force. Common forms of TBI result from falls, violence, and/or vehicle crashes; the classification of this pathology is dependent on the severity of the lesion as well as the mechanism of trauma to the head. One of the most common onsets of traumatic brain injuries result from mild to severe lesions to the white matter tracts of the brain called diffuse axonal injury (DAI); however, additional forms of TBI’s can present in non-penetrating forms. Penetrating forms of TBI’s such as trauma to the head via a foreign object do also contribute to the many millions of TBI cases per year, but we will not discuss these traumatic injuries as in depth within this chapter. The onset of diffuse axonal injury will vary on a per-patient basis from mild to severe, based on a standardized neurological examination rated on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), which indicates the severity of brain damage present. While there is a spectrum of severity for DAI patients, a concussion is typically observed within a larger majority of patients in addition to other overwhelming trauma.
The role of the psychosocial safety climate in coping with workplace bullying: A grounded theory and sequential tree analysis

Workplace bullying is a severe workplace stressor that affects both employees and organizations. Despite a wealth of research of the prevalence of workplace bullying and its correlates, little research has been done on the process of bullying. In a qualitative study, based on the grounded theory approach, we examine the role of psychosocial safety climate (PSC) in influencing employees’ coping strategies and ultimately the escalation of bullying. Interviews were conducted with 20 Malaysian workers from various organizational settings, who also completed a 12-item PSC scale. The analysis revealed that coping strategies took the form of a modified exit-voice-loyalty-neglect (EVLN) model, whereby acquiescence replaced loyalty in the matrix. In turn, five escalation patterns of bullying were identified, linked to the coping options used by employees. We found that employees tended to voice in high PSC contexts, which led to swift resolution of bullying. In low PSC contexts, employees tended to neglect or acquiesce before exiting the organization because the bullying remained unresolved, which was revealed in four different trajectories of escalation without resolution. These results emphasize the influence of the organizational climate for psychosocial safety in shaping the coping options available to bullied workers, and the likely success of these strategies.
The evolution of the supply chain in a three-region framework and its implications on welfare under economic inte gration 1

This paper discusses the evolution of the supply c hain and welfare under economic integration in a three-region framework. Economic integration i s measured by the reduction of inter-regional trade costs and by the reduction of communication costs b etween headquarters and plants. Numerical simulations show that freer trade leads to the aggl omeration of plants to the core region and, depending on the level of communication costs, to s ome industry accumulation to the most developed region of the periphery. Welfare increases in all r egions. As for the reduction of communication costs , it seems that the most developed region of the peri phery can become the core region. Regarding welfare, unlike the reduction of trade costs, the r eduction of communication costs is beneficial only to the region gaining industry. Also, the best welfare enhancing policy is to promote free trade together with the development and diffusion of new information and communication technologies that favour the reduction of communication costs.
Algebraic turbulence modeling for unstructured and adaptive meshes

An algebraic turbulence model, based on the Baldwin-Lomax model, has been implemented for use on unstructured grids. The implementation is based on the use of local background turbulence meshes. At each time step, flow variables are interpolated from the unstructured mesh onto the background structured meshes, the turbulence model is executed on these meshes, and the resulting eddy viscosity values are interpolated back to the unstructured mesh. Modifications to the algebraic model were required to enable the treatment of more compli- cated flows, such as confluent boundary layers and wakes. The model is used in conjunction with an efficient unstructured multigrid finite-element Navier-Stokes solver, in order to compute compressible turbulent flows on fully unstructured meshes. Solutions about single and multiple element airfoils are obtained and compared with experimental data. HE use of unstructured mesh techniques for computa- tional fluid dynamics (CFD) problems has become more widespread in recent years, due to the flexibility they afford in discretizing arbitrarily complex geometries, and due to the possibility they offer in resolving highly localized flow phenomena through the use of adaptive meshing. However, research on unstructured mesh techniques for CFD has con- centrated almost exclusively on the solution of the Euler equa- tions in two or three dimensions. For viscous flow calculations about nonsimple geometries, hybrid meshes have generally been employed,1'3 where a thin structured mesh is placed in the boundary-layer and wake regions, and an unstructured mesh is constructed in the outer inviscid region of the flowfield. Besides leading to an increase in coding complexity, this type of compromise limits the generality of the unstruc- tured mesh approach in dealing with arbitrarily complex geometries, such as multiple-body geometries with close toler- ances, where confluent boundary layers or wakes may occur, and complicates the task of performing adaptive meshing in the inviscid as well as viscous regions of flow. It appears that the difficulties associated with generating highly stretched unstructured meshes, which are required for efficiently resolv- ing viscous shear layers, as well as the efficient implementa- tion of a turbulence model on such meshes, has generally im- peded the use of fully unstructured meshes for viscous flows. The use of unstructured meshes throughout the entire flowfield is advocated in the present work. Previous work by the author has shown how a highly stretched unstructured mesh, suitable for high Reynolds number viscous flow calcula- tions, may be constructed4 and has also discussed the develop- ment of an efficient unstructured Navier-Stokes solver for laminar flows.5 This paper is, thus, concerned with the effi- cient implementation of a turbulence model for computing high Reynolds number turbulent flows using fully unstruc- tured meshes.
ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA FASCICLE OF TEXTILES , LEATHERWORK 81 NANOFIBER PRODUCTION [ REVIEW ]

Nanofibers are very thin fibers having diameters lower than 100 nm and their lengths might be as long as possible within production limits. The large surface area of nanofibers gives opportunity to functionalize them. Nanofibers have several applications including both applications for industrial production in many sectors and for research studies. Nanofibers find applications in energy devices such as solar cells, fuel cells and nanogenarators; in filtration applications (such as water/oil filtration, fine particle filtration, aerosol filtration, air filtration, nanoparticle filtration) and in several medical applications including antibacterial efficacy, wound healing, drug delivery and scaffolds for tissue engineering. There are several methods to produce nanofibers: Electrospinning, self assembly, phase separation, bacterial cellulose, templating, drawing, extraction, vapor-phase polymerization, kinetically controlled solution synthesis, conventional chemical polymerization for anyline. Electrospinning is the most widely used method to produce nanofibers.In electrospinning, a high electric field, which is in kilovolts, is applied to a polymer solution. The polymer solution is drawn from a syringe to a collector surface.Electrospinning requires usage of appropriate solvent, removal of evaporating solvent, an adequate power supply to overcome the viscosity and surface tension of the polymer solution; while, jet instability and jet control remain as challenges in electrospinning. Nanofiber production methods possess some disadvantages as: higher cost compared to conventional fiber production methods, health hazards such as inhale risk of nanofibers during production and keeping the environment safe from evaporating solvents used during nanofiber production. Up to date, many researches have been conducted on nanofibers and electrospinning; still, more controllable, more cost effective, more environmentally friendly and safer methods are of essential importance to future applications of nanofibers.
The role of top-predator in the preservation of coral reefs ecosystem

The coral reef ecosystem in Indonesian as part of Coral Triangle Region has been significantly decreasing in the last decades. This damage has been known widely due to coastal development, pollution, and uncontrolled fishing and harvesting. Among other many living species in the environment, the existence of coral reefs is directly related to the existence of Drupella sp. and Acanthaster planci as the coral predators, while the existence of the predators also related to the Napoleon wrasse and Giant triton/ Trumpet shell as the top predator. This study discusses the interaction among the coral reefs, the predators and the top predators, which is represented in a dynamical model of predator-prey-top predator. In the absence of top predators, the system is reduced as a two-predator-prey model with only one surviving predator, Acanthaster planci , which has more effective predation behavior. The role of Napoleon wrasse as a top predator of both Acanthaster planci and Drupella sp . is significantly important to protect the coral reef from the excessive predation from Acanthaster planci and Drupella sp . A stable co-existence is shown between coral reef, Acanthaster planci and Napoleon wrasse. With the appearance of Giant tritons which predate only Acanthaster planci , a co-existence between five species may occur with abundant species of Giant triton.
Mechanical Energy before Chemical Energy at the Origins of Life?

Mechanical forces and mechanical energy are prevalent in living cells. This may be because mechanical forces and mechanical energy preceded chemical energy at life’s origins. Mechanical energy is more readily available in nonliving systems than the various forms of chemical energy used by living systems. Two possible prebiotic environments that might have provided mechanical energy are hot pools that experience wet/dry cycles and mica sheets as they move, open and shut, as heat pumps or in response to water movements.
FEEDING METHODS AND EFFICIENCIES OF SELECTED FRUGIVOROUS BIRDS ’

I report on handling methods and efficiencies of 26 species of Paraguayan birds feeding on fruits of Allophyllus edulis (Sapindaceae). A bird may swallow fruits whole (Type I: pluck and swallow feeders), hold a fruit and cut the pulp from the seed with the edge of the bill, swallowing the pulp but not the seed (Type II: cut or mash feeders), or take bites of pulp from a fruit that hangs from the tree or that is held and manipulated against a branch (Type III: push and bite feeders). In terms of absolute amount of pulp obtained from a fruit, and amount obtained per unit time, Type I species are far more efficient than Type II and III species. Bill morphology influences feeding methods but is not the only important factor. Diet breadth does not appear to be significant. Consideration of feeding efficiency relative to the needs of the birds indicates that these species need to spend relatively little time feeding to meet their estimated energetic needs, and that handling time has a relatively trivial effect on the time/energy budgets of the bird species observed.
Characterization of the Reproductive Behavior of Two New Mandarin Hybrids

Durante dos ciclos anuales se estudió el comportamiento reproductivo de dos nuevos híbridos de mandarinas (tangor ‘Ellendale’ x Satsuma ‘Owari’), denominados M9 y B30, desarrollados en el Programa de Mejoramiento Genético de Citrus de Uruguay. Ambos demostraron presentar autoincompatibilidad, tanto en autopolinización natural como en polinizaciones dirigidas. El polen de ambos híbridos presentó baja capacidad de germinación in vitro y en el caso de M9, a partir del tercer día post-antesis, se evidenció pérdida de viabilidad in vivo de sus óvulos. En condiciones de libre polinización, M9 desarrolló un 80 % de frutos aspermos, mientras que en B30, el porcentaje alcanzó apenas a 16 %. Polinizado con polen de mandarina ‘Afourer’, naranja ‘Valencia’ y limón tipo ‘Lisbon’, M9 solamente con ‘Afourer’ desarrolló frutos con semillas (33%). B30 por el contrario, presentó 100 % de frutos con semillas al ser polinizada con ‘Afourer’ y ‘Valencia’. Se discuten las diferencias reproductivas entre ambos híbridos.
Estimating Biomass and Canopy Height With LiDAR for Field Crop Breeding

Above-ground biomass (AGB) is a trait with much potential for exploitation within wheat breeding programs and is linked closely to canopy height (CH). However, collecting phenotypic data for AGB and CH within breeding programs is labor intensive, and in the case of AGB, destructive and prone to assessment error. As a result, measuring these traits is seldom a priority for breeders, especially at the early stages of a selection program. LiDAR has been demonstrated as a sensor capable of collecting three-dimensional data from wheat field trials, and potentially suitable for providing objective, non-destructive, high-throughput estimates of AGB and CH for use by wheat breeders. The current study investigates the deployment of a LiDAR system on a ground-based high-throughput phenotyping platform in eight wheat field trials across southern Australia, for the non-destructive estimate of AGB and CH. LiDAR-derived measurements were compared to manual measurements of AGB and CH collected at each site and assessed for their suitability of application within a breeding program. Correlations between AGB and LiDAR Projected Volume (LPV) were generally strong (up to r = 0.86), as were correlations between CH and LiDAR Canopy Height (LCH) (up to r = 0.94). Heritability (H2) of LPV (H2 = 0.32–0.90) was observed to be greater than, or similar to, the heritability of AGB (H2 = 0.12–0.78) for the majority of measurements. A similar level of heritability was observed for LCH (H2 = 0.41–0.98) and CH (H2 = 0.49–0.98). Further to this, measurements of LPV and LCH were shown to be highly repeatable when collected from either the same or opposite direction of travel. LiDAR scans were collected at a rate of 2,400 plots per hour, with the potential to further increase throughput to 7,400 plots per hour. This research demonstrates the capability of LiDAR sensors to collect high-quality, non-destructive, repeatable measurements of AGB and CH suitable for use within both breeding and research programs.
Ownership Structure, Board Characteristics and Corporate Performance in Tunisia

Drawing upon prior empirical research on the potential endogeneity of both ownership structure and firm performance in developed markets, this study examines the reverse causations that can exist between corporate performance and ownership structure in Tunisian listed companies. The study was extended to include board characteristics as a principal internal control mechanism for monitoring managers and an assessment of its potential effects on firm performance and ownership structure. Our findings proved the existence of endogeneity and a two-way causality between ownership variables and Market to book performance. However, our findings also revealed that corporate governance in Tunisian firms needed to be more strengthened based on board characteristics.
Evaluation of the impact of seasonal variations in photoperiod on the hepatic metabolism of medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Organisms living in temperate regions are sensitive to seasonal variations in the environment; they are known to accumulate energy as fat in their livers during the winter when days are shorter, temperatures are lower, and food is scarce. However, the impact of variations in photoperiod alone on hepatic lipid metabolism has not been well-studied. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed lipid metabolism in the liver of medaka, Oryzias latipes, while varying the length of days at constant temperature. Larger amounts of fatty acids accumulated in the liver after 14 days under short-day conditions than under long-day conditions. Metabolome analysis showed no accumulation of the long-chain unsaturated fatty acids required at low temperatures, but showed a significant accumulation of long-chain saturated fatty acids. Short-day conditions induced decreased levels of succinate, fumarate, and malate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, decreased expression of PPARα, and decreased accumulation of acylcarnitine, which suggested inhibition of lipolysis. In addition, when a high-fat diet was administered to transparent medaka under short-day conditions, larger amounts of fat accumulated and medaka with fatty liver were efficiently produced. Detailed analysis of the relationship between seasonal changes and hepatic steatosis will be important in the future as hepatic diseases become more prevalent in modern society; the findings obtained in our study will be useful for research studies pertaining to the relationship between photoperiod and disorders such as hepatic steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.