Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microarray analysis of differentially regulated genes in human leukemia cells after expression of the inositol 5-phosphatase SHIP

The SH2-containing inositol 5-phosphatase SHIP-1 (SHIP) is a negative regulator of signal transduction in hematopoietic cells. It has been shown that the human T cell leukemia cell line Jurkat does not express SHIP. Restoration of SHIP expression leads to the inactivation of the PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway and the prolongation of the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The first aim of this study was to investigate the differential expression of genes after restoration of SHIP expression in Jurkat cells. Microarray analysis revealed that restoration of SHIP expression resulted in statistically significant changes (2.0-fold cut off) in the expression levels of 37 unique mRNAs. The second aim was the validation of the differentially expressed transcripts by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Eleven of the genes showed statistically significant transcriptional regulation (2-fold cut off) by SHIP. The third aim was to study the biological effect of the identified SHIP-regulated genes. Because the Kruppel-like transcription factor 2 (KLF2) is involved in quiescence in naive T-cells and in regulation of Jurkat T leukemia cell growth, and SHIP leads to an inhibition of proliferation in these cells, the SHIP-mediated regulation of KLF2 in Jurkat T cells was of particular interest. KLF2 was up-regulated two to threefold at the RNA and protein level after the induced expression of SHIP. KLF2 or SHIP expression in Jurkat cells caused 45% or 60% reduction of proliferation, respectively. SHIP induction up-regulates KLF2 expression, implicating KLF2 in the SHIP-mediated reduction of proliferation in Jurkat cells. A fourth aim of this study was to determine if the regulation of KLF2 is directly regulated by the PI3K/Akt pathway. Inhibition of PI3-kinase with wortmannin in Jurkat T-cells and silencing of Akt1 expression by RNAi led to an increase in the expression of KLF2 protein levels, respectively. The data confirmed the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the up-regulation of KLF2 in Jurkat T cells. This study contributes to the elucidation of novel factors and associations with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway involved in the SHIP-mediated regulation of proliferation in Jurkat T cells.
Funktionelle Analyse der C. elegans Gene vang-1, atad-3 und mics-1 in Bezug auf Alterung und Stressresistenz

Alterung stellt den grosten Risikofaktor fur Krankheiten wie z.B. Diabetes Typ-2 und Alzheimer dar. Seit Entdeckung der Moglichkeit diesen Prozess genetisch zu modulieren, hat sich der Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans als Modellorganismus bestens etabliert. So wurde der bis zum Menschen konservierte Insulin/IGF-1 Signalweg als zentraler Regulator der Lebensspanne in C. elegans entdeckt. Langlebige C. elegans Mutanten dienen auch als Modell, um mit Mitochondrien assoziierten Pathologien des Menschen zu untersuchen. Ausgangspunkt der vorliegenden Dissertation bildete zunachst die Identifizierung zweier Interaktionspartner des Gerustproteins DLG-1/Disc large, welches die epitheliale Kontaktstruktur in C. elegans organisiert. Bei VANG-1 handelt es sich um das Strabismus/Van Gogh Homolog, eine Schlusselkomponente des planaren Zellpolaritats-Signalwegs in anderen Systemen. ATAD-3 ist das Homolog des humanen mitochondrialen ATAD3 Proteins und besitzt eine AAA Domane (ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities). Mit MICS-1/OMP25 (outer mitochondrial membrane protein 25) konnte dann in dieser Arbeit ein neuer ATAD-3 Interaktionspartner isoliert werden. Ziel war es, die Funktion dieser drei Proteine in C. elegans in Bezug auf Lebensspanne und Stressresistenz zu untersuchen und in diesbezuglich bereits bekannte Signalwege einzuordnen. Es wird gezeigt, dass VANG-1 uber den Insulin/IGF-1 Signalweg, sehr wahrscheinlich in der Keimbahn, temperaturunabhangig die Lebensspanne von C. elegans reguliert. Vang-1 Mutanten leben bis zu 40% langer als der Wildtyp und sind resistent gegen reaktive Sauerstoffspezies und Hitze. Sie zeigen weiterhin partielle Sterilitat, verlangsamtes Wachstum und eine verzogerte Produktion des Alterspigments Lipofuszin. Aufgrund dieser Ergebnisse kann vang-1 als Mitglied der Gerontogen-Familie eingeordnet werden. Dies ist die erste Beschreibung eines planaren Zellpolaritatsgens in Bezug auf die Lebensspanne in C. elegans. Der Aufall des mitochondrialen AAA-Proteins ATAD-3 und seines Bindungspartners MICS 1/OMP25 fuhren sowohl einzeln als auch zusammen zu einem Anstieg der mittleren Lebensspanne um bis zu 84%. Dieser erfolgt hauptsachlich unabhangig von DAF-16/FoxO. In Bezug auf den intrazellularen ROS (reactive oxygen species) Level verhalten sich die Interaktionspartner gegensatzlich. In der mics-1 Mutante ist DAF-16/FoxO unter Hitzestress wahrscheinlich aktiver, was zu einem geringeren Anstieg des ROS Levels fuhrt. Bei atad 3(RNAi) hingegen ist keine erhohte DAF-16 Aktivitat zu beobachten und der ROS Level steigt auf ~200%.
The Effect of High Temperature on the Hematological Parameters of Bakery Workers

The present study included the determination of the effect of continuous exposure to high temperatures on a number of hematological variables of a group of male workers exposed to occupational pressure in bakeries. The study included 50 workers exposed to heat and 20 volunteers as a control group. The workers group was divided into three age groups (15-25, 26-35, -36-50 year) according to their annual exposure to heat in addition to the smoking factor. The results showed a clear variation in variables related to erythrocytes between the three age groups, The RBC and Hb level showed a relatively low level in the second age group (4.8 103 ml and13.0 mg/dl), respectively.accompanied by a marked increase in the level of platelets in the first age group and the highest average (300 L 109) compared with the control group. The variables related to the white blood cells showed a significant difference, with a significant increase in the total number of WBC, monocytes and granulocytes. The highest average reached in different groups (10%, 0.1% and 0.62%) respectively. Furthermore, a relatively low percentage of lymphocytes were observed in the three groups and the lowest average was (0.324%) compared with the control group. While results related to the effect of smoking factor with temperature showed significant differences, a relative decrease in the level of RBC was observed in the non-smoking workers group. The results of Hb, PCV and PLT concentrations showed a significant increase in the smoking group, reaching the highest mean (14.4 ml dl, 45% and 264 L 109), respectively, compared with non- smokers and the control group. The WBC value also showed a relatively high increase in the smokers group (8.5%), accompanied by a significant increase in the percentage of lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes and the highest mean was (2.5%, 0.6% and 5%), respectively in non-smokers compared to smokers. The results of the effect of the temperature exposure period at an annual rate were relatively different, The group exposed to heat in bakeries for several years (15-30 year) was affected by its hematological variables higher than the group exposed to heat for less than years (1-15 year). Therefore, the present study suggests a high temperature effect of bakery on some hematological variables in workers.
A Survey on Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Brain Disorders through MRI Based on Machine Learning and Data Mining Methodologies with an Emphasis on Alzheimer Disease Diagnosis and the Contribution of the Multimodal Fusion

Computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems use machine learning methods that provide a synergistic effect between the neuroradiologist and the computer, enabling an efficient and rapid diagnosis of the patient’s condition. As part of the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is a major public health problem, the CAD system provides a neuropsychological assessment that helps mitigate its effects. The use of data fusion techniques by CAD systems has proven to be useful, they allow for the merging of information relating to the brain and its tissues from MRI, with that of other types of modalities. This multimodal fusion refines the quality of brain images by reducing redundancy and randomness, which contributes to improving the clinical reliability of the diagnosis compared to the use of a single modality. The purpose of this article is first to determine the main steps of the CAD system for brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Then to bring together some research work related to the diagnosis of brain disorders, emphasizing AD. Thus the most used methods in the stages of classification and brain regions segmentation are described, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Secondly, on the basis of the raised problem, we propose a solution within the framework of multimodal fusion. In this context, based on quantitative measurement parameters, a performance study of multimodal CAD systems is proposed by comparing their effectiveness with those exploiting a single MRI modality. In this case, advances in information fusion techniques in medical imagery are accentuated, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. The contribution of multimodal fusion and the interest of hybrid models are finally addressed, as well as the main scientific assertions made, in the field of brain disease diagnosis.
Extreme Environments: Mechanisms of Microbial Adaptation

Interestingly, extreme environments mechanisms of microbial adaptation that you really wait for now is coming. It's significant to wait for the representative and beneficial books to read. Every book that is provided in better way and utterance will be expected by many peoples. Even you are a good reader or not, feeling to read this book will always appear when you find it. But, when you feel hard to find it as yours, what to do? Borrow to your friends and don't know when to give back it to her or him.
Complement inhibitor factor H expressed by breast cancer cells differentiates CD14+ human monocytes into immunosuppressive macrophages

ABSTRACT Macrophages are a major immune cell type in the tumor microenvironment, where they display a tumor-supporting phenotype. Factor H (FH) is a complement inhibitor that also plays a role in several cellular functions. To date, the phenotype of monocytes stimulated with FH has been unexplored. We discovered that FH is a survival factor for CD14+ primary human monocytes, promoting their differentiation into macrophages in serum-free medium. This activity was localized to the C-terminal domains of FH and it was inhibited in plasma, indicating that the phenomenon may be most relevant in tissues. FH-induced macrophages display characteristics of immunosuppressive cells including expression of CD163 and CD206, release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and changes in metabolism. Furthermore, FH-induced macrophages express low levels of HLA-DR but high levels of co-inhibitory molecule programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and accordingly, a reduced capacity for T-cell activation. Finally, we show that FH is expressed by human breast cancer cells and that this correlates with the presence of immunosuppressive macrophages, breast cancer recurrence and severity of the disease. We propose that the expression of FH by tumor cells and the promotion of an immunosuppressive cancer microenvironment by this protein should be taken into account when considering the effectiveness of immunotherapies against breast cancer.
Mestringsorientert klima – veien til høy innsats, indre motivasjon og karakter i kroppsøving

This study is based on the Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) as a theoretical framework. The purpose of the study is to look at the relationship between perceived motivational climate and the three basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence and social relationships in PE. Furthermore, we will look at the relationship between, satisfaction or frustration of the needs, and key learning indicators (effort, inner motivation and grade). The survey has been conducted at four high schools in Trøndelag with 231 respondents. SEM analyses were performed in Mplus. The results show that a mastering climate had a positive connection to satisfaction of the three basic needs, and that a performance-oriented climate had a positive connection to the frustration of the three basic needs. The results also show that satisfaction of the three basic needs had a positive connection to intrinsic motivation and grades, while the frustration of the needs had a negative relation to effort. Further, we have indirect effect from mastery climate to effort, intrinsic motivation and performance through need satisfaction, and an indirect effect from performance climate to effort through both need frustration and need satisfaction. Highlighting mastery and development instead of achievement and social comparison is emphasized as an important element in the teaching work. It is also important to facilitate good relationships, and that activities provide the opportunity for coping. This research will hopefully contribute to increased awareness of the motivation climate, basic needs and learning indicators of upper secondary schools in Norway.
Characterisation of the transcriptomic and proteomic profile of astrocytes in multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, neuroinflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Typical white matter lesions (WML) in MS are surrounded by areas of non-demyelinated normal appearing white matter (NAWM) with complex subtle pathology, including blood brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, axonal damage and glial activation. Astrocytes, the most abundant cell type within the CNS, are known to support neuronal function, maintain homeostasis within the CNS and regulate neurotransmission. Yet conversely, can promote an inflammatory response, inhibit myelin repair and support the production of autoreactive T cells in MS. This thesis aimed to investigate the transcriptomic and proteomic profile of astrocytes in MS NAWM to determine whether specific astroglial changes exist, which may contribute/prevent disease progression in MS. Initial data presented in this thesis demonstrated a change in astrocyte phenotype within different pathological regions of the CNS in MS, as observed by the distinct immunoprofile of a variety of known astrocyte markers. Being able to isolate cell types from human tissue is fundamental in beginning to define a particular cell’s role in disease pathogenesis. An immuno-laser capture microdissection (LCM) method was developed to enable the isolation of glial cells from human post mortem (PM) CNS tissue. In the current study glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive astrocytes were isolated from MS NAWM and control WM via immuno-LCM and microarray analysis completed to compare their transcriptome. Significantly differentially expressed genes were associated with the immune response, cell signaling, cytoskeletal changes and regulation of homeostasis which relate to the distinct roles of astrocytes. Interestingly, from the top 20 significant differentially upregulated genes, six of them were related to the regulation of iron homeostasis and oxidative stress, including metallothionein I-II (MT-I+II), ferritin light chain (FTL) and transferrin (TF). Subsequent transcriptomic and proteomic investigations were carried out on candidate genes using polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and mass spectrometry to investigate the neuroprotective role of astrocytes in regulating iron homeostasis and oxidative stress in MS NAWM. Evidence presented in this thesis demonstrates the importance of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of MS. The results indicate that further investigations into the protective roles of astrocytes in regulating iron and oxidative stress in MS NAWM are warranted
Study on characteristics and calculation method of VSC-HVDCshort circuit current under three-phase AC short circuit

VSC-HVDC has been widely used at home and abroad, but there is no clear conclusion about the characteristics and calculation method of the short-circuit current contributed by VSC-HVDC during the AC Short-Circuit Fault near the converter station. The calculation methods in the field of short-circuit current engineering have not been unified, and the adaptability and error of different methods have not been analyzed in detail. Through electromagnetic transient simulation, this paper analyzes the transient characteristics of VSC-HVDC contribution short-circuit current, and combs the key influencing factors of VSC-HVDC contribution short-circuit current. Finally, taking a VSC-HVDC system in China as an example, the adaptability of the commonly used short-circuit current algorithm is analyzed. It is verified that the existing engineering algorithms have made great progress compared with the original. However, compared with the electromagnetic transient refined simulation, there is still a large error in the calculation results of individual nodes under some control modes / fixed values.
Studies of the pathogenesis of Jembrana disease virus infection in Bos javanicus

Jembrana disease was reported initially in Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) on Bali island in 1964 and the causative agent was subsequently identified as a bovine lentivirus and designated Jembrana disease virus (JDV). This atypical lentivirus causes an acutely pathogenic disease that is associated with clinical signs and pathological lesions attributable to a disease primarily affecting the lymphoid system. Based on the intense proliferation of cells in the parafollicular (T-cell) areas of lymphoid tissue it has been assumed that the cellular tropism of the virus was for T-cells. An initial investigation of the pathological changes following JDV infection provided morphological evidence that JDV infection occurred not in T-cells but probably in centroblast-like cells containing IgG and presumably of B-cell lineage. The identity of the infected cells was confirmed by double immunofluorescence labelling techniques as being IgG-containing CD79α+ cells, indicating that the virus replicated in mature B-cells. Unlike other lentiviruses, no evidence of infection in T-cells or macrophages was obtained. These observations provide an explanation for suppression of the JDV-specific antibody response associated with JDV infection and the unique nature of the pathological response of Bali cattle to JDV infection. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood leucocyte populations was used to further the understanding of the pathogenesis of JDV infection. Changes in lymphocyte subsets during the course of Jembrana disease were investigated and analysis of the results showed that lymphopenia, a characteristic of the acute febrile phase of Jembrana disease, was at least partly due to a significant decrease in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and CD21+ B-cells. In the immediate post-febrile recovery phase, virus-infected cells were not detected in lymphoid tissue but both CD8+ T-cells and CD21+ B-cells increased significantly and CD4+ T-cells remained below normal levels resulting in a significantly reduced CD4+:CD8+ ratio. Changes in expression of CD8+ T-cell regulated cytokine genes was examined during the course of the acute disease process by quantifying cytokine mRNA expression using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that both IL-2 and IFN-γ cytokine mRNA were strongly expressed during the febrile and early post-febrile recovery phases, which coincided with the significant increase of CD8+ T-cells and reduction of viraemia during this phase. The results suggested the CD8+ T-cell–associated cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ probably play a significant role in the recovery process.
A conceptual model of the influence of South African investor well-being on risk tolerance

Abstract Financial institutions have the responsibility to measure an investor’s risk tolerance to determine his or her risk profile. Once an investor’s risk profile is determined, financial institutions are able to more accurately identify which financial products are suitable for the investor. Several factors can affect one’s level of risk tolerance such as investor well-being. The aim of this study is to construct a structural equation model which depicts the influence of South African investor well-being risk tolerance. Secondary data analysis was used to conduct a quantitative research study. Structural equation modelling techniques were applied during the analysis of the data. The main findings suggest the following: (i) risk tolerance has a positive and statistically significant relationship with investor well-being; (ii) financial well-being has a positive and statistically significant relationship with satisfaction with life; and (iii) financial well-being, physical activity, gender, and income respectively have positive and statistically significant relationships with risk tolerance. Satisfaction with life was not found to have a statistically significant impact on risk tolerance.
Performance comparison of a natural gas and renewable‐based power and desalination system for polygeneration

Conventional district energy supply (DES) systems have relatively lower efficiencies when compared to polygeneration systems. The use of fossil fuels as a primary energy source in DES generates high levels of CO2 emissions, degrading their environmental performance. On the other hand, renewable energy systems are generally integrated into the energy portfolio mix to improve the overall efficiency and sustainability, whilst curbing the overall greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this study, an alternative renewable energy polygeneration system design based on biomass and solar energy is proposed. A thermodynamic analysis of the system was carried out, and the energetic and exergetic efficiencies were subsequently compared against the reference case. The results indicate that the alternative system only demonstrates slightly improved efficiencies over the reference system on the basis of cogeneration. However, when implemented for polygeneration, the alternative system offers a clear advantage with estimated energy and exergy efficiencies of 62.9% and 41.9%, respectively. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Financial Reporting Conservatism and Voluntary CSR Disclosure

This paper examines whether a firm's degree of conservatism in financial reporting is associated with its voluntary nonfinancial corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures and the stock price reaction to such disclosures. Theoretical and empirical studies find that the amount of voluntary disclosures and their credibility vary depending on the degree of financial reporting conservatism. We expand this line of questioning and find that firms that adopt conservative financial reporting are less likely to disclose CSR information. Further analyses show that the market reaction to a firm's CSR disclosure is reduced when its financial reporting is more conservative. Our evidence suggests that the quantity and quality of CSR disclosures are associated with the degree of accounting conservatism. Therefore, stakeholders should consider a firm's financial reporting policies when interpreting CSR disclosures. JEL Classifications: M40; M41. Data Availability: The data used in this study were taken from public sources identified in the paper.