Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A N O PTIMAL F LIP F LOP D ESIGN FOR VLSI P OWER M INIMIZATION

The power consumption is critically important in modern VLSI circuits especially for low-power applications. Optimization of power at the logic level is one of the most important tasks to minimize the power. Among logic components, latches and flip-flops are critical to the performance of digital systems. It is important to reduce the power dissipation in both clock distribution networks (CDN) and flip-flops. This paper presents a comparison of existing flip-flop classes in terms of transistor count, parasitic values and power dissipation. The operation of each flip-flop is analyzed and it is simulated using Tanner EDA in 250nm technology at room temperature in schematic level. And it reveals that the proposed design features the best performance in four FF designs under comparison.
Micro and Macro Determinants of Non-performing Loan

In this study we tried to detect the determinants of non-performing loans for a sample of 85 banks in three countries (Italy, Greece and Spain) for the period of 2004-2008. These countries have faced financial problems after the subprime crisis on 2008. The variables used are macroeconomic variables and specific variables to the bank. The macroeconomic variables are included the rate of growth of GDP, unemployment rate and real interest rate with respect to specific variables opted for the return on assets, the change in loans and the loan loss reserves to total loans ratio (LLR/TL). After the application of the method of panel data, we found the problem loans vary negatively with the growth rate of GDP, the profitability of banks’ assets and positively with the unemployment rate, the loan loss reserves to total loans and the real interest rate.
The Formation of User Model in Scientifi c Recommender Systems

In this paper are considered questions which connected with building of the hybrid user model in scientific recommender systems. Offered model is consistent with conceptual model of the presentation scientific CERIF data (Common European Research Information Format). The authors propose an approach using semantic networks. The model considers the main entities of a physical data model, received from generally available sources. During creation of model approaches from area of marketing were used, in particular psychographic approach. Quantitative experiment for profiles of the users of the “International congress conference «Information technologies in education»” portal. Results of experiment have confirmed adequacy of the offered models. The offered detail level of model and methods of its representation are directed to further improving of a pertinent of all personalisation algorithms. This study was financially supported according to Federal Target Program “Research and development on priority directions of scientific-technological complex of Russia for 2014-2020” (grant № RFMEFI57614X0068). Keywords : recommender system, formal conceptual CERIF model, hybrid user profile JEL Classifications : M15, M12, O32
An Investigation on Performance and Emissioncharacteristics of DI Diesel Engine Fueled with Lemon Peel Oil and its Emulsions

Emulsions of fuels with water are effective in reducing NOx and particulate matter from diesel engines without any modifications in engine. So considering this as an objective emulsions of water in oil (W/O) type were prepared by taking pure lemon oil which is a non-edible bio-oil as base fuel and water with varying percentages in range of 510% with two different emulsifiers span 80 and a new emulsifier Methyldihydroxypropylimidazolium chloride having HLB value around 8 with varying quantities by volume. Then the investigations on their stability was done. Electromagnetic stirrer and ultrasonic technique of emulsification was used to prepare the emulsions. Totally eight samples were prepared out of which four samples were prepared with 5% water and remaining four were prepared with 10% water with varying emulsifier & its percentages. The sample with 1.5% of span 80 with 5% water by volume showed good stability with emulsified layer retaining up to approx. 65% and the sample with combined emulsifiers span 80 and Methyl-dihydroxypropylimidazoliumchloride for 5 % water also showed good emulsion stability up to 60% even after 7 days & from the 10% water the sample with combined surfactants span 80 2% and Methyl-dihydroxypropylimidazolium chloride 2% by volume retained its stability up to 60%. The emulsion stability was evaluated based on gravitational or stand still method where the emulsions were kept stand still for 7 days and the separation of layers was measured using measuring cylinders. The sample which exhibited less separation was considered as stable. To assist or validate our stand still method viscosity measurement of test samples was done at interval of each day for seven days using capillary viscometer. Then only stable emulsions samples with 5% water were tested for performance and emissions on single cylinder four stroke water cooled diesel engine in terms of brake power, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and emissions of CO, HC, NOx. The results indicated that compared to pure lemon oil the brake thermal efficiency increased because of micro-explosion phenomenon of water and brake specific fuel consumption was increased. NOx emissions reduced but the HC & CO emission increased due to decreased calorific value of fuel because of addition of water.
Comparative Study on Security Protocols for VANET’s

— Wireless technology has been gaining rapid popularity in the current years. Adoption of standard depends on the ease of use and level of security it provide. The era of vehicular ad-hoc network (VANETs) are receiving increasing attention from academia and deployment effort from industry. In a VANETs, vehicles will depend on the integrity of data for deciding when to alerts to drivers. The VANETs provide an intelligent communication among vehicles and also between vehicle and roadside infrastructures. The communication in VANETs is done between vehicle to vehicle, vehicles to roadside unit through wireless communication. Network attack like man in middle, masquerading can attain in VANETs, so security must be consider for vehicular ad-hoc network. Security is the major concern for various VANETs applications where a wrong message may directly or indirectly affect the human lives.
Inculcating Practices of Social Interaction among Young Children for Better Mental Well Being

Young children have similar kind of stressors and that are impactful to their mental health. In this age it is very important to develop such practices that encourage social interaction. Inculcating social interaction practices and activities will empower the young generation to deal with their stressors and enhance their mental wellbeing. This paper will focus on sharing various strategies that will be helpful to all people dealing with young children at home or any kind of healthcare setup.
H.PYLORI ASSOCIATED CHRONIC GASTRITIS AND INTESTINAL METAPLASIA-A CLINICOSTATISTICAL AND HITOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY

Chronic gastritis has a high incidence in adults, causing progressive destruction of glandular structures, favoring the development of gastric atrophy. The association of chronic gastritis with intestinal type metaplasia of gastric mucosa has a poor outcome as intestinal metaplasia is regarded as a precancerous lesion. Metaplasia is common in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. The aim of our study was to study chronic gastritis and its association with H.pylori and intestinal metaplasia. The study was conducted on a total of 800 patients, aged between 20 and 60 years, who presented for dyspeptic disorders in the period 2015–2016 and were examined clinically and endoscopically. During the gastroscopic examination, fragments of gastric mucosa were collected for the histopathological study and for detection of H.pylori infection. For the histopathological study, Hematoxylin–Eosin was performed, while for identifying H.pylori infection, giemsa stain was done. A diagnosis of gastritis was established in 390 patients, representing approximately 48.75% of all cases. Most cases with gastritis were found in people of middle age. Gastritis was present in almost all age groups. Of the 390 cases of gastritis, histopathological examination identified the presence of intestinal metaplasia in 45.64% of patients with chronic gastritis, and h.pylori positive was found in 51% of patients with chronic gastritis. This study highlights the association of chronic gastritis and H.pylori and the presence of intestinal metaplasia, which is a precancerous condition.
Exploring Topic Experts in Twitter via Different Relations

: With the emergence of social networks such as micro-blogging services like Twitter, the expert finding has become an interesting topic. However, previous methods cannot be directly used to learn about topic experts in Twitter. Some of the new methods emp loy the relations among users and Twitter lists for expert finding. A probabilistic method has been developed to explore the rela tions (i.e. follower relation, user-list relation and list-list relation) for finding experts. To calculate the global authority of users, a Semi-Supervised Graph-based Ranking (SSGR) approach is used. Then a local relevance between users and given query is computed. By understanding the global authority and local relevance of users, all users are ranked and top-N users with highest ranking scores are retrieved which constitute the topic experts in Twitter.
Enhancement of Solubility, Dissolution rate and Bioavailability of BCS Class II Drugs

Solubility is the phenomenon of dissolution of solid in liquid phase to give a homogenous system and is one of the important parameter to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for pharmacological response. Poorly water-soluble drugs after oral administration often require high doses in order to reach therapeutic plasma concentrations. The bioavailability of an orally administered drug depends on its solubility in aqueous media over different pH ranges. The insufficient dissolution rate of the drug is the limiting factor in the oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble compounds. Various techniques are used for the improvement of the aqueous solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs include micronization, chemical modification, pH adjustment, solid dispersion, complexation, co‐solvency, micellar solubilization, hydrotropy etc. The purpose of this review article is to describe the techniques of solubilization for the attainment of effective absorption with improved bioavailability. BCS class II drugs pose challenging problems in their pharmaceutical product development process because of their low solubility and dissolution rates. They require enhancement in solubility and dissolution rate in their formulation development especially solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules. Several conventional methods and new emerging technologies have been developed for formulation development of BCS class II drugs.
Review of Socket Preservation Technique

Following extraction of the teeth, the remaining socket heals from the apex toward the crest. When nothing is placed into the socket at the time of tooth removal, the infiltration of soft tissue at the crest often results in facial and crestal bone loss. Many literatures consider socket preservation as a necessity for further esthetic considerations in the pre-prosthetic and corrective procedures of the alveolar ridge upon and post extraction. Routine bone grafting of alveolar sockets after the extraction of teeth has been a controversial subject which relates to a multitude of factors recently reported in the literature. Prior to the introduction of various bone grafting materials and membranes, the socket historically was allowed to heal by secondary intention. This method of wound closure has been the main course of post-operative management of the socket.
Hyperlipidemia Induced In Vitro Hypoosmotic Fragility of Rat Erythrocytes

The erythrocyte membrane fluidity is due to arrangement and interaction of different lipid components of lipid bilayer. Feeding of rats with high fat diets is known to alter lipid composition and fluidity of plasma membranes of erythrocytes that in turn reduce the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding High Fat Diet (HFD) on osmofragility of erythrocytes in vitro in Wistar albino rats. For the present study, 12 male Wistar albino rats of uniform weight and age were selected and were divided in to two groups, viz., control group and HFD fed group, with six animals in each group. All the animals received basal diet in the form of pellet for a period of four weeks. HFD group animals received HFD comprising of coconut oil and vanaspati in the ratio of 2:3 w/w @ 10 ml kg body weight in addition to basal diet during the four weeks of study period. At the end of the study period, blood collected in heparinized vacutainer from each animal was subjected for osmofragility test using decreasing concentrations of phosphate buffer saline solutions. Absorbance of supernatant fluid obtained from each of the graded phosphate buffer saline and erythrocyte mixture was read at 540 nm (Spectronic-200) and absorbance values were utilized to determine the per cent hemolysis. The percentage of hemolysis was significantly (P<0.05) higher in HFD fed group animals compared to the control group rats at each concentration of phosphate buffer saline solution. It was concluded that the hyperlipidemic diet would alter the erythrocyte membrane fluidity and increases their fragility for hypoosmotic stress.
Effect of Co-substitution on Electrical Behaviour of Nanocrystalline ZnO

ZnO and Co-doped ZnO were successfully synthesized using simple combustion approach. X-ray diffraction studies indicate the monophasic character of the samples and broadness of XRD peaks suggests nanocrystalline nature of ZnO and Co-doped ZnO. The particle size was found to decrease with increasing Codoping. The FTIR peaks are assigned to the C-O, N-O and O-H stretching in the dry gel, while the IR peaks in the decomposed product are assigned to metal –oxygen stretching vibrations. The room temperature frequency variation of dielectric constant and dielectric loss is explained using Maxwell-Wagner type interfacial polarization and Koop’s theory. Ac conductivity increases gradually with frequency upto 10 kHz and then exhibits sharp increase. This conductivity behaviour suggests small polaron hopping type of conduction mechanism. The dc resistivity was found to increase with increasing Co doping in the ZnO. The room temperature low dc resistivity behaviour is attributed to the porous structure and entrapped moisture.
Edge Texture Analysis for Image Retrieval Application with Aid of Robust Object Recognition

— It is a new approach in extension with local binary pattern and ternary pattern called DRLBP and DRLTP. By using these methods, the category recognition system will be developed for application to image retrieval. The category recognition is to classify an object into one of several predefined categories. The discriminative robust local binary pattern (DRLBP) and discriminative robust local ternary pattern (DRLTP) are used for different object texture and edge contour feature extraction process. It is robust to illumination and contrast variations as it only considers the signs of the pixel differences. The features retain the contrast information of image patterns. They contain both edge and texture information which is desirable for object recognition. The DRLBP discriminates an object like the object surface texture and the object shape formed by its boundary. The boundary often shows much higher contrast between the object and the background than the surface texture. Differentiating the boundary from the surface texture brings additional discriminatory information because the boundary contains the shape information. These features are useful to distinguish the maximum number of samples accurately and it is matched with already stored image samples for similar category classification. The simulated results will be shown that used DRLBP and DRLTP has better discriminatory power and recognition accuracy compared with prior approaches.
HOST-BASED DEFENSE-IN-DEPTH INTRUSION DETECTION IN A VIRTUAL NETWORKING ENVIRONMENT

: Cloud computing has emerged as promising future computing paradigm which provides plethora of services to users. Nevertheless, the cloud servers are treated as untrusted from user point of view as they are accessed through electronic super high way, the Internet. Cloud Computing is based on virtualization technology that facilitates to employ virtual machines for various operations of users thus making cloud computing affordable. The whole server side setup with data center, networks, and server machines is in distributed environment. The environment is vulnerable unless fool proof security is provided. Adversaries exploit the vulnerabilities if any to launch attacks like Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS). DDoS attacks by compromising existing virtual machines. In one of the cloud offerings Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) it is very difficult to detect and prevent such attacks. The solution needs to prevent virtual machines from being compromised by attackers. Recently Chung et al. proposed and implemented a distributed intrusion detection system named NICE for virtual networking environment. The system was able to serve the purpose with its effective and reconfigurable counter measures. However, the NICE was network-based and works fine with small-scale cloud environment while it lacks scalability. In this paper we have designed and implemented a host based IDS which is not centralized. It bestows grit to individual virtual machines to have intrusion detection in place rather than depending on centralized IDS. This approach covers the whole spectrum of cloud network with ease and improves detection accuracy besides improving delay performance. We built a simulation model using NS2 to demonstrate the proof of concept. The empirical results are encouraging.
Gender Face Classification Using Color Image Discrimination Model

: The biometric schemes are commonly used for the identification of human beings. Face recognition is one of the biometric methods, to identify given face image using main features of the face. The objective of face recognition involves the extraction of different features of the human face from the face image for discriminating it from other persons. To seek a meaningful representation and an effective recognition method of color images in a unified framework, color image representation and recognition is integrated into one discriminant analysis model: color image discriminant (CID) model. The two sets of variables can be determined optimally and simultaneously by the CID algorithms. Gender is an important demographic attribute of people. An Basic CID algorithm with two class recognition problem is for gender classification.
An Automated Mobile Applications Generator for Remote Database Access

Abstract-Due to the display area and resource restrictions of small mobile devices, currently, most reported database query systems developed for them are only offering a small set of pre-determined queries that can be posed by users. This not only limits the usage of such systems in their own domain of application, it also prevents them from being used to query other databases. Thus, the abilities to support different query types as well as unplanned queries are essential for these systems in order to make them generic. Hence, this paper presents a new free-form database query language that is suitable for these devices. The language which is used as the query formulation method in a database query system prototype for WAP enabled mobile phones has been found to be effective based on results from usability tests. It is possible to show the result in different PC by using MVC architecture and MIDP application of J2ME.
The Effect of Dividend Bubble on Share Price: Evidence from KSE-30 Index

This paper examines the impact of dividends on share price of Karachi Stock Exchange 30-Index companies. To achieve the purpose of research ordinary least square method is used. The secondary data for period 2002 to 2012 is considered in which share price is considered as controlled variable and another seven variables specifically return on equity, profitability ratio, dividend payout, dividend yield, price earning ratio, earning per share and price earning ratio as control variable. The study reveals that 97.16% variation in market price is explained by the model. Study reveals that all variables has significant positive impact on share price except dividend yield and price earning ration which has significant negatively influencing in the change of share price of firm. Overall conclusion indicating that model is significant and dividend irrelevance theory is not applicable in case of KSE 30-Index companies. Keywords: Dividend, share price, dividend yield, dividend payout, return on equity
The Moderating Role of Dividend Policy in Aligning the Accounting and Market based performance Measures with CEO Compensation

This study aims to report the results of an investigation into the effect of accounting and market based performance measures on CEO compensation along with the moderating role of dividend policy. The study has utilized hierarchical multiple regression on a sample of 66 financial companies/banks listed on Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE), for a 5-year period (2010-2014). The results indicate that there is positive and significant impact of accounting based measures (operating performance and firm size) on CEO compensation. In case of market-based measures only growth opportunities have significant and positive impact on CEO compensation. Significant negative impact of market share and insignificant effect of market performance on CEO compensation has been revealed. Contrary to agency theory, this study finds that dividend policy is not utilized as a substitute control device. Additionally, dividend policy cannot mitigate agency conflicts in financial sector of Pakistan due to its ineffective role as aligning mechanism. Overall, the results imply that inefficient dividend policy can further distort the pay-performance link.
Human Computer Interaction using Hand Gesture Recognition with Neural Network: A Review

The aim of the hand gesture recognition is to develop the system to recognise the gesture, for control devices by providing command. In this paper we are discussing the researches done on the hand gesture recognition using neural network. Several hand gesture recognition researches that use Neural Networks are discussed in this paper, comparisons between these methods were presented, advantages and drawbacks of the discussed methods also included, and implementation tools for each method were presented as well.