Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ENZYME SYSTEMS IN THE MYCOBACTERIA. XV. INITIAL STEPS IN THE METABOLISM OF GLYCEROL.

Goldman, Dexter S. (Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, Wis.). Enzyme systems in the mycobacteria. XV. Initial steps in the metabolism of glycerol. J. Bacteriol. 86:30-37. 1963. -In cell-free extracts of strain H37Ra of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, glycerol is metabolized first by oxidation to dihydroxyacetone. A kinase was partially purified and shown to phosphorylate dihydroxyacetone; in the presence of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase system, the product of the kinase reaction was further oxidized to 3-phosphoglycerate. The role of alpha-glycerol phosphate in the metabolism of strain H37Ra is discussed.
GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN DAIRY SIRE EVALUATION. I. EFFECTS OF HERDS, MONTHS, AND YEAR-SEASONS ON VARIANCE AMONG LACTATION RECORDS; REPEATABILITY AND HERITABILITY.

Abstract More than 39,000 Iowa Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA) and Dairy Herd Improvement Registry (DHIR) Holstein lactation records provided the basic data for checking some of the parameters and assumptions currently used in dairy sire evaluation procedures in the United States. The components of variance for herds were about 32% of the total variance with both milk and milk fat records but only 17% with test. The components for months were 1.4 and 1.7% of the total variance with milk and milk fat records and only slightly higher for year-seasons. However, the interactions of herds with months and year-seasons contributed 3 to 5% of the total variance. Grouping of records according to either rolling year-seasons or fixed year-seasons was about equally suitable as a means of removing year-season variance with deviation records. However, the pooling of records from more than one year into season averages was less effective, because significant year-season variance remained in the deviations. Repeatabilities of records expressed as deviations from herd-year-season averages were . 50, . 47, and . 72 for milk, milk fat, and test, respectively. Heritabilities, estimated as twice the regression of daughter on dam, within herd-year-seasons, were . 22, . 18, and . 53 for milk, milk fat, and test.
Merit rating for physicians' malpractice premiums: only a modest deterrent.

Medical malpractice has again attracted significant public concern in the 1990s. Three factors seem most responsible: the expense of malpractice coverage for physicians, its possible effects on patients' access to care, and, finally, the quality of medical care. ' Since the crisis-spawned creation of physician-owned insurers and state joint underwriting associations in the mid1970s, availability of coverage has not been a pressing issue. Instead, rising premiums 2 have focused concern on affordability, because higher malpractice premiums cause higher physician fees, 3 thus directly affecting patients' access to care. In addition, there is evidence that some physicians in a few specialties, notably obstetrics, have limited their scope of practice and otherwise withdrawn certain medical services in response to malpractice fears.4 Finally, malpractice rules potentially affect the quality of medical care
Wie ist Verständigung möglich? Kommunikation zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis in Seminaren der beruflichen Fortbildung von Verwaltungsangehörigen

In dem Beitrag wird die Frage gestellt, wie zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis mit ihren je unterschiedlichen Wirklichkeitsauffassungen Verstandigung uber ein Sachproblem moglich ist. Verwendung wird dabei als ein Versuch kommunikativen Austausches zwischen den beiden Bereichen als Bearbeitung dieses Sachproblems verstanden. Das Verhaltnis von Wissenschaft und Praxis wird als Verhaltnis von Soziologie und Verwaltung am Beispiel von Fortbildungsseminaren untersucht, die im Rahmen der Verwaltungsorganisation von Soziologen fur kommunale Bedienstete uber das Auslanderproblem veranstaltet werden. Ausgangspunkt ist das Problem der Kommensurabilitat von Sozialwissenschaft und Verwaltung. Es werden strukturelle Muster benannt, die zwischen verschiedenartigen Sozialsystemen auf der interaktiven Ebene eine Verstandigungschance eroffnen: die Gleichgerichtetheit von Transfer- und Fortbildungsbemuhungen, das Seminar mit Moratoriumscharakter und die Moglichkeit des beiderseitigen Ruckgriffs auf alltagsweltliche Wissensbestande. Anhand dieser drei Seminarepisoden wird gezeigt, das Verstandigung nicht stattgefunden hat: Es gab keine erfolgreiche Bearbeitung des Kommensurabilitatsproblems als Verstandigung zwischen Sozialwissenschaftlern und Verwaltungspraktikern uber die Deutung des Auslanderproblems. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die kognitiven, interaktiven und organisatorischen Probleme von Verstandigung herausgearbeitet. (KW)
Information Processing in Decisions Under Risk: Evidence for Compensatory Strategies Based on Automatic Processes

Many everyday decisions have to be made under risk and can be interpreted as choices between gambles with different outcomes that are realized with specific probabilities. The underlying cognitive processes were investigated by testing six sets of hypotheses concerning choices, decision times, and information search derived from cumulative prospect theory, decision field theory, priority heuristic and parallel constraint satisfaction models. Our participants completed forty decision tasks of two gambles with two non-negative outcomes each. Information search was recorded using eye-tracking technology. Results for all dependent measures conflict with the prediction of the non-compensatory priority heuristic and indicate that individuals use compensatory strategies. Choice proportions are well predicted by a cumulative prospect theory. Process measures, however, indicate that individuals do not rely on deliberate calculations of weighted sums. Information integration processes seem to be better explained by models that partially rely on automatic processes such as decision field theory or parallel constraint satisfaction models.
Functional Results of Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty in Children: Single Institute Experience in Long Term

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term functional outcomes of laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP) in children for consecutive cases of single institute. Materials and Methods: Our laparoscopy database was investigated for children in terms of LP between June 2008 and April 2015. All the patients had ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) and LP was performed. Demographic data including age, gender, side of UPJO, operation time, estimated blood loss (EBL), hospital stay and complications according to Clavien classifications were recorded. Renal ultrasonography and diethylenetriamine penta-acetate (DTPA) scintigraphies were respectively performed 3, 12 and 24 months after surgery. Statistical analyses were performed and p value was accepted as significant at <0.05. Result: Mean follow-up was 34 ± 4.7 months. The mean age was 13 (6-72) months. A total of 153 (110 boys and 43 girls) LP patients enrolled. Of that, 93 (60.78%) LP were in left side and 60 (39.21%) were in right side. Three cases needed open conversation according to difficulties in anastomosis. Aberrant crossing vessel was observed in 12 (7.84%) patients. The mean operation time was 155 ± 21 min and the mean EBL was 22 ± 11.1 ml. The mean hospital stay was 3.4 days. Anastomotic leakage was the common complication (in 13 patients) that was successfully managed conservatively (Clavien 1). Eight patients experienced unsuccessful LP and underwent open pyeloplasty (Clavien 3b). The mean split renal function significantly increased in DTPA scintigraphy in follow-up. The overall success was 91%. Conclusions: The LP procedure can be an effective and safe surgical method for childhood UPJO, specifically in the experienced hands of pioneer centers.
CTL* synthesis via LTL synthesis

We reduce synthesis for CTL* properties to synthesis for LTL. In the context of model checking this is impossible - CTL* is more expressive than LTL. Yet, in synthesis we have knowledge of the system structure and we can add new outputs. These outputs can be used to encode witnesses of the satisfaction of CTL* subformulas directly into the system. This way, we construct an LTL formula, over old and new outputs and original inputs, which is realisable if, and only if, the original CTL* formula is realisable. The CTL*-via-LTL synthesis approach preserves the problem complexity, although it might increase the minimal system size. We implemented the reduction, and evaluated the CTL*-via-LTL synthesiser on several examples.
Haar-like rectangular features for biometric recognition

Developing a reliable, fast, and robust biometric recognition system is still a challenging task. This is because the inputs to these systems can be noisy, occluded, poorly illuminated, rotated, and of very low-resolutions. This paper proposes a probabilistic classifier using Haar-like features, which mostly have been used for detection, for biometric recognition. The proposed system has been tested for three different biometrics: ear, iris, and hand vein patterns and it is shown that it is robust against most of the mentioned degradations and it outperforms state-of-the-art systems. The proposed system has been tested using three public databases.
Cell shape, division and development: the 2002 American Society for Microbiology (ASM) conference on prokaryotic development

In the last decade, the use of cytological techniques, together with the analysis of complete genomes, has dramatically advanced our understanding of bacterial development. Work on several well‐developed model systems such as Bacillus subtilis, Caulobacter crescentus, Myxococcus xanthus and Streptomyces spp. , has provided us with an in‐depth understanding of processes such as sporulation, multicellular behaviour and the bacterial cell cycle. At the same time, these studies have revolutionized our view of the bacterial cell and shown it to be a highly complex entity with spatial and temporal organization. The recent American Society for Microbiology (ASM) conference on prokaryotic development demonstrated that several laboratories have now started to connect data obtained through functional genomic analysis with subcellular organization, thereby generating three‐dimensional regulatory networks. This meeting report highlights new findings in the field, such as regulation of protein localization during sporulation and the cell cycle, control of cell–cell interaction and the initiation of cell division.
The type IV pre‐pilin leader peptidase of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris is functional without conserved cysteine residues

Type IV pre‐pilin leader peptidase was demonstrated to be required for protein secretion, in addition to its involvement in biogenesis of type IV pili. The type IV pre‐pilin leader peptidase gene of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris was located on a 3 kb Accl fragment on account of its hybridization with the DNA fragment containing the type IV pre‐pilin leader‐peptidase gene pilD/xcpA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sequencing of the cloned fragment revealed an open reading frame (ORF) (designated xpsO) of 287 amino acid residues. A protein with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 32.5 kDa was synthesized in vitro from a DNA fragment containing the xpsO gene. The amino acid sequence shares 50% identity with that of PilD throughout the entire sequence. Among other type IV pre‐pilin leader peptidases, XpsO is unique in not having the two conserved ‐CXXC‐ motifs in a cytoplasmic domain. Instead, new motifs were noted when the protein was compared with XpsE, which is another member of the extracellular protein‐secretion machinery. When the xpsO gene was introduced into the pilD mutant of P. aeruginosa, both the sensitivity against infection with the pilus‐specific phage PO4 and the ability to secrete extracellular protein were recovered. Furthermore, immunoblot analysis indicated that the P. aeruginosa pilin was apparently processed in vivo by the xpsO gene product.
Ketorolac Use and Postoperative Complications in Gastrointestinal Surgery.

OBJECTIVE To study the association between ketorolac use and postoperative complications. BACKGROUND Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may impair wound healing and increase the risk of anastomotic leak in colon surgery. Studies to date have been limited by sample size, inability to identify confounding, and a focus limited to colon surgery. METHODS Ketorolac use, reinterventions, emergency department (ED) visits, and readmissions in adults (≥ 18 years) undergoing gastrointestinal (GI) operations was assessed in a nationwide cohort using the MarketScan Database (2008-2012). RESULTS Among 398,752 patients (median age 52, 45% male), 55% underwent colorectal surgery, whereas 45% had noncolorectal GI surgery. Five percent of patients received ketorolac. Adjusting for demographic characteristics, comorbidities, surgery type/indication, and preoperative medications, patients receiving ketorolac had higher odds of reintervention (odds ratio [OR] 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.32), ED visit (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.37-1.51), and readmission within 30 days (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.05-1.18) compared to those who did not receive ketorolac. Ketorolac use was associated with readmissions related to anastomotic complications (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.06-1.36). Evaluating only admissions with ≤ 3 days duration to exclude cases where ketorolac might have been used for complication-related pain relief, the odds of complications associated with ketorolac were even greater. CONCLUSIONS Use of intravenous ketorolac was associated with greater odds of reintervention, ED visit, and readmission in both colorectal and noncolorectal GI surgery. Given this confirmatory evaluation of other reports of a negative association and the large size of this cohort, clinicians should exercise caution when using ketorolac in patients undergoing GI surgery.
Découverte de connaissances dans les bases de données bibliographiques. Le travail de Don Swanson : de l'idée au modèle

On considere que l'information disponible dans les bases de donnees bibliographiques est une information datee, validee par un processus long qui la rend peu innovante. De plus, dans leur mode d'exploitation, les bases de donnees bibliographiques sont classiquement interrogees de maniere booleenne : le resultat d'une requete est un ensemble d'informations connues qui n'apporte en lui-meme aucune nouveaute. Les travaux de Don Swanson montrent le potentiel insoupconne des bases bibliographiques dans la revelation et la decouverte de connaissances. Cet interet ne tient pas tant a la nature de l'information disponible qu'a la methodologie utilisee pour reveler ces nouvelles connaissances. Cette methodologie generale s'applique de facon privilegiee dans un environnement d'information validee et structuree ce qui est le cas de l'information bibliographique. L'expression Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) designe une methodologie de creation de nouveaux savoirs a partir de bases de donnees bibliographiques. Dans cet article, nous aborderons successivement le principe general du KDD a partir des travaux de Don Swanson, puis la methode employee pour decouvrir de la connaissance dans les bases de donnees bibliographiques biomedicales.
Posterior tilting of the tibial component decreases femoral rollback in posterior‐substituting knee replacement: A computer simulation study

Posterior tilting of the tibial component is thought to increase the range of motion in posterior cruciate‐retaining total knee replacement, but its effect on implant motion in posterior cruciate‐substituting total knee replacement is unknown. This issue has become of interest recently because manufacturers have introduced instrumentation that produces a posteriorly tilted tibial cut for both implant types. The purpose of this study was to investigate how motion of posterior cruciate‐substituting total knee replacement is affected when the tibial component is installed with posterior tilt. Sagittal plane implant motions were predicted from prosthesis geometry with use of a computer simulation in which the femoral condyles were assumed to sit in the bottoms of the tibial condylar wells when the knee was in extension. Rollback of the femoral component was produced by a cam‐spine mechanism at higher angles of flexion. The simulations revealed that even small degrees of posterior tilt reduced rollback by limiting the interaction between the cam and spine. Tilting the component posteriorly by 5° caused the cam to contact the spine at a knee flexion angle that was 18° higher than with the untilted component. The results suggest that posterior tilting of the tibial component in posterior cruciate‐substituting knee replacement may not produce the same beneficial effects that have been reported for the tilting of tibial components in posterior cruciate‐retaining knee replacement.
Socioeconomics drive urban plant diversity

Spatial variation in plant diversity has been attributed to heterogeneity in resource availability for many ecosystems. However, urbanization has resulted in entire landscapes that are now occupied by plant communities wholly created by humans, in which diversity may reflect social, economic, and cultural influences in addition to those recognized by traditional ecological theory. Here we use data from a probability-based survey to explore the variation in plant diversity across a large metropolitan area using spatial statistical analyses that incorporate biotic, abiotic, and human variables. Our prediction for the city was that land use, along with distance from urban center, would replace the dominantly geomorphic controls on spatial variation in plant diversity in the surrounding undeveloped Sonoran desert. However, in addition to elevation and current and former land use, family income and housing age best explained the observed variation in plant diversity across the city. We conclude that a functional relationship, which we term the “luxury effect,” may link human resource abundance (wealth) and plant diversity in urban ecosystems. This connection may be influenced by education, institutional control, and culture, and merits further study.
Sur la symétrie présumée entre valeurs et préférences

Comment pouvons-nous analyser des relations de valeur non standards, comme la parite axiologique, en termes d’attitudes appropriees? Wlodek Rabinowicz suggere que deux choses sont a parite si et seulement si il est a la fois permissible de preferer l’une a l’autre et permissible d’avoir la preference contraire. Dans un article recent, Johan Gustafsson soutient toutefois que l’analyse de Rabinowicz viole un principe de symetrie entre valeurs et preferences, selon lequel il existe pour toute relation de valeur une relation de preference correspondante (et vice-versa). A la lumiere de ce principe, Gustafsson propose une analyse alternative, selon laquelle deux choses sont a parite si et seulement si il est requis d’entretenir ces choses en parite preferentielle. Dans cet article, j’examine en detail les arguments avances par Gustafsson contre l’analyse de Rabinowicz et je montre qu’aucun d’eux n’est convaincant.
Prediction of the immunogenic potential of frameshift‐mutated antigens in microsatellite instable cancer

Microsatellite instable (MSI) cancers express frameshift‐mutated antigens, the C‐terminal polypeptides of which are foreign to the immune system. Consequently, these antigens constitute a unique pool of tumor‐specific antigens that can be exploited for patient diagnosis and selective, immune‐mediated targeting of cancers. However, other than their sequence, very little is known about the characteristics of the majority of these proteins. We therefore developed a methodology for predicting their immunogenic behavior that is based on a gene‐expression system, in which each of the proteins was fused to a short C‐terminal polypeptide comprising two epitopes that can be readily detected by T‐cells and antibodies, respectively. In this manner, accumulation of the antigens and processing of peptides derived thereof into MHC can be monitored systematically. The antigens, which accumulate in the cells in which they are synthesized, are of primary interest for cancer immunotherapy, because peptide epitopes derived thereof can be presented by dendritic cells in addition to the tumor cells themselves. As a result, these antigens constitute the best targets for a coordinated immune response by both CD8+ and CD4+ T‐cells, which increases the likelihood that tumor‐induced immunity would be detectable against these antigens in cancer patients, as well as the potential value of these antigens as components of anticancer vaccines. Our data indicate that, of 15 frameshift‐mutated antigens examined in our study, 4 (TGFβR2‐1, MARCKS‐1, MARCKS‐2 and CDX2‐2) are of primary interest, and 4 additional antigens (TAF1B‐1, PCNXL2‐2, TCF7L2‐2 and Baxα+1) are of moderate interest for further tumor immunological research. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Harmonic modelling, propagation and mitigation for large wind power plants connected via long HVAC cables: Review and outlook of current research

This paper presents a state-of-the-art review on grid connection of large offshore wind power plants (OWPPs) using extra-long high voltage AC (HVAC) cables. The paper describes research by DONG Energy Wind Power in close collaboration with Aalborg University addressing related challenges through an industrial PhD project. The overall goal is to gain a better understanding of extra-long HVAC cable connected OWPPs, in order to ensure reliability and availability of OWPPs. This will reduce the cost of energy, as the risk of costly delays and modifications after the project has been commissioned can be reduced and operational availability and the reliability can be improved. Challenges hereto include lower resonance frequencies due to the long cables, frequency dependent modelling of long submarine cables, passive filtering, and PLL dynamics in the control loops (from a harmonic stability point of view).