Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
'No one bothers about the confused people': Care for people with psychosocial disabilities in rural South Africa

ii Opsomming . iii Acknowledgements . v List of Tables . x List of Figures . x List of Appendices . x List of Abbreviations . x Outputs from PhD . xi Chapter One: Introduction . 1 1.1 Problem statement . 1 1.2 Objectives and research questions . 2 1.3 Origin and placement of dissertation . 3 1.4 Study context . 4 1.4. 1 South Africa . 4 1.4. 2 Eastern Cape . 6 1.4. 3 Madwaleni . 7 1.4. 4 AmaXhosa people . 7 1.5 Dissertation Outline . 8 Chapter Two: Conceptual framework . 10 2.1 Chapter outline . 10 2.2 Psychosocial disability . 10 2.2.1 Disability . 11 2.2.2 Mental disorder . 15 2.2.3 Stigma . 23 2.3 Care . 27 2.3.1 Ethics of care . 28 2.3. 2 Health care . 38 2.3. 3 Occupation as care . 50 2.3. 4 Global mental health . 52 2.4 Concluding statement . 55 Chapter Three: Care for people with psychosocial disabilities – Overview of empirical evidence . 57 3.1 Chapter outline . 57 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za
An enhanced rainfall–runoff model with coupled canopy interception

The translation of rainfall to runoff is significantly affected by canopy interception. Therefore, a realistic representation of the role played by vegetation cover when modelling the rainfall–runoff system is essential for predicting water, sediment, and nutrient transport on hillslopes. Here, we developed a new mathematical model to describe the dynamics of interception, infiltration, and overland flow on canopy‐covered sloping land. Based on the relationship between rainfall intensity and the maximum interception rate, the interception process was modelled under two simplified scenarios (i.e., re ≤ Intm and re > Intm). Parameterization of the model was based on consideration of both vegetation condition and soil properties. By analysing the given examples, we found that Intm reflects the capacity of the canopy to store the precipitation, k reveals the ability of the canopy to retain the intercepted water, and the processes of infiltration and runoff generation are impacted dramatically by Intm and k. To evaluate the model, simulated rainfall experiments were conducted in 2 years (2016 and 2017) across six cultivation plots at Changwu State Key Agro‐Ecological Experimental Station of the Chinese Loess Plateau. The parameters were obtained by fitting the unit discharge (simulated rainfall experiments in 2016) using the least squares method, and estimation formulas for parameters pertaining to vegetation/soil factors (measured in 2016) were constructed via multiple nonlinear regressions. By matching the simulated results and unit discharge (simulated rainfall experiments in 2017), the validity of the model was verified, and a reasonable precision (average R2 = .86 and average root mean square error = 6.45) was obtained. The model developed in this research creatively incorporates the canopy interception process to complement the modelling of rainfall infiltration and runoff generation during vegetation growth and offers an improved hydrological basis to analyse matter transport during rainfall events.
Engineering effective structural defects of metal–organic frameworks to enhance their catalytic performances

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with a high density of metal nodes have great potential in the application of heterogeneous catalysis. However, identifying the real active site in MOF structures and tuning its amount to further improve its catalytic performance are still a great challenge. In this paper, defective UiO-66 modulated with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was synthesized and used for the conversion of cyclohexanone to cyclohexanol via hydrogen transfer. We found that not all structural defects were responsible for catalytic reaction, and only structural defects where open metal sites are created by a modulator were effective for cyclohexanone conversion. Then we successfully tuned the number of each type of effective structural defect (that is, missing-cluster defects or missing-linker defects) in modulated UiO-66 via precise control of the synthetic/treatment conditions. Our experimental results showed that the creation of both types of structural defects can increase the amount of effective open metal sites and then enhance their catalytic performances under the same conditions. Furthermore, the mechanism study confirmed that this reaction indeed proceeded on effective open metal sites. Our findings have further deepened the understanding of the roles of structural defects in MOF heterogeneous catalysis.
Hubungan antara Perceived Organizational Support (POS) dan Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) pada guru berstatus PNS

This study aims to determine the relation between perceived organizational support (POS) and the organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) among civil servant teachers. The proposed hypothesis of this research was the positive correlation perceived organizational support (POS) with organizational citizenship behavior-individual (OCB-I) and organizational citizenship behaviororganizational (OCB-O) among civil servant teachers. The subjects of this study are 107 civil servant teachers of the middle school in Sragen, Central Java. The data was collected by distributing a questionnaire that consists of perceived organizational support (POS) scale that adapted from Eisenberger et al. (1986) (6 items, α = 0,846) and organizational citizenship behaviorindividual (OCB-I) (13 items, α = 0,824) and organizational citizenship behaviororganizational (OCB-O) (7 items, α = 0,732) that adapted from Somech-Drach-Zahavy (2000). The results of the assumption test showed that the data are qualified for linearity but not eligible for normality. Therefore, the data analysis used in this study is Spearman's rho. The results showed that was positive correlation between perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational citizenship behaviorindividual (OCB-I) (r = 0.280, p = 0.000). The same result also indicated by correlation between perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational citizenship behaviororganizational (OCB-O) (r = 0.356, p = 0.002). The result of the research, that the higher perceived organizational support (POS), also will be the higher organizational citizenship behavior-individual (OCB-I) and organizational citizenship behavior-organizational (OCB-O) toward civil servant teachers.
Examining the association between Medicaid coverage and preterm births using 2010–2013 National Vital Statistics Birth Data

ABSTRACT Reducing the number of preterm births is a high public health priority in the U.S. Preterm birth, affecting an estimated 380,000 infants annually, is a leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity and is associated with individual and systemic characteristics. Preterm birth is estimated to cost society $26 billion annually. Despite an elevated financial burden caused by preterm birth, very little is known about who bears these costs. This study seeks to understand the relationship between Medicaid and private insurance payment for preterm birth, using multiple years of vital statistics data, which for the first time since 2010 include information on payment source. The nationwide data cover births that occur in all settings, including non-hospital settings, and many maternal characteristics not available in other datasets, improving upon previous analyses. These data can be used to promote better Medicaid coverage of interventions known to be effective in reducing preterm births.
Phase transition of RNA−protein complexes into ordered hollow condensates

Significance Vesicular assemblies play crucial roles in the subcellular organization as well as in biotechnological applications. Classically, the ability to form such assemblies was primarily assigned to lipids and lipid-like amphiphilic molecules. Here, we show that disordered RNA−protein complexes can form vesicle-like ordered assemblies at disproportionate mixture compositions. We also show that the ability to form vesicular assemblies is generic to multicomponent systems where phase separation is driven by heterotypic interactions. We speculate that such vesicular assemblies play crucial roles in the formation of dynamic multilayered subcellular membraneless organelles and can be utilized to fabricate novel stimuli-responsive microscale systems. Liquid−liquid phase separation of multivalent intrinsically disordered protein−RNA complexes is ubiquitous in both natural and biomimetic systems. So far, isotropic liquid droplets are the most commonly observed topology of RNA−protein condensates in experiments and simulations. Here, by systematically studying the phase behavior of RNA−protein complexes across varied mixture compositions, we report a hollow vesicle-like condensate phase of nucleoprotein assemblies that is distinct from RNA−protein droplets. We show that these vesicular condensates are stable at specific mixture compositions and concentration regimes within the phase diagram and are formed through the phase separation of anisotropic protein−RNA complexes. Similar to membranes composed of amphiphilic lipids, these nucleoprotein−RNA vesicular membranes exhibit local ordering, size-dependent permeability, and selective encapsulation capacity without sacrificing their dynamic formation and dissolution in response to physicochemical stimuli. Our findings suggest that protein−RNA complexes can robustly create lipid-free vesicle-like enclosures by phase separation.
Knowledge and perceptions on hand hygiene among nurses in the Asir region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Hand hygiene plays a significant role in controlling the spread of health-care infections. As nurses are in direct contact with patients for a significant proportion of the time, they can be a vehicle for cross-contamination within the hospital and as such, good hand hygiene protocols can ensure the safety of patients in a variety of settings. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and perception of hand hygiene among nurses in Saudi Arabian hospitals. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2017 and May 2018 to determine the nurses' knowledge of hand hygiene. Nurses from six hospitals in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia were recruited using multi-stage cluster sampling. The World Health Organization Knowledge and Perception Questionnaire for Health-care Workers were administered to collect the information. Results: During the recruitment phase, 300 nurses were contacted and 243 agreed to participate in the study, indicating a response rate of 81%. About 51.85% of the nurses demonstrated a good level of knowledge about hand hygiene and 50.2% of nurses had a negative perception of hand hygiene. The results have shown a positive association between knowledge, nurses' perceptions, and years of experience, and their participation on a training course about hand washing. Conclusion: Educational interventions should be undertaken to enhance the knowledge of nurses/health-care providers and to promote positive perceptions of hand hygiene among nurses.
Early Human Growth : Periconception Epidemiological and Epigenetic Studies

markdownabstract__Abstract__ Adverse birth outcomes, such as intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth and congenital malformations, are major contributors to short and long term morbidity and mortality. From the late eighties of the last century, evidence is accumulating that the course and outcome of pregnancy is not only important for the health of the mother and child, but can also be considered a predictor of future health and disease. A mismatch between pre- and postnatal life can increase the vulnerability of the development of non-communicable diseases. This insight led to the Development Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis, which states that prenatal insults and especially a suboptimal intrauterine environment can result in endocrine and metabolic adaptations in the fetus (reprogramming). Although these adaptations are beneficial to the fetus at first, this eventually could lead to increased risks of non-communicable diseases in adulthood. Most pregnancy complications originate in the periconceptional period and first trimester growth restriction has been related to an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes, including being born SGA. The periconceptional period has been defined based on biological mechanisms as a time span of 14 weeks before conception up to ten weeks after conception. Until recently, epidemiological research has largely neglected the periconceptional period by focusing on fetal size and growth trajectories in the second half of pregnancy and on pregnancy outcome. These outcomes however, are largely influenced by first trimester size and growth trajectories making this an especially vulnerable period in life. Therefore, future research and clinical care will be gradually shifted towards the periconceptional period.
Protocolo de evaluación de la aceptación de los repositorios institucionales por parte de los usuarios: en el marco de una colección de recursos sobre sustentabilidad energética

Resumen Esta es la presentación de la Tesis Doctoral de Laura Icela González Pérez, titulada “Protocolo de evaluación de la aceptación de los repositorios institucionales por parte de los usuarios: en el marco de una colección de recursos sobre sustentabilidad energética”, realizada en el Programa de Doctorado en Formación en la Sociedad del Conocimiento de la Universidad de Salamanca, que fue defendida el 15 de marzo de 2019 en el Edificio Histórico de la Universidad de Salamanca. Esta tesis recibió la máxima calificación de “Sobresaliente Cum Laude”.
Reducing Common-Mode Voltage and Bearing Currents in Quasi-Resonant DC-Link Inverter

In this article, a concept of separation of an inverter-fed induction motor drive from its mains supply by two transistor switches inserted in the dc-link circuit is re-examined based on the proposed parallel quasi-resonant dc-link inverter (PQRDCLI). The objective of the article is to show an advantage of the proposed topology in limiting high-frequency common-mode voltage and bearing currents. In the laboratory setup, an induction machine was equipped with hybrid ceramic bearings and an insulated clutch to measure the shaft-to-frame bearing voltage and the shaft-grounding current. Experimental tests of the PQRDCLI confirm significant reduction of common-mode voltage and shaft-to-frame bearing voltage at dc-link zero voltage notches. By controlling the output voltage slopes, the shaft-grounding brush current and the ground leakage current are also reduced. The efficiency measurement and evaluation of the proposed topology, as compared with a two-level hard switched inverter, reveal comparable efficiency of around 95% and indicate loss distributions in both inverters.
Impacto del drenaje biliar transanastomótico en la morbilidad de la duodenopancreatectomia cefálica

espanolOBJETIVO: El objetivo principal de esta tesis es analizar la influencia de la colocacion de un tutor biliar tranasanastomotico en el desarrollo de complicaciones postoperatorias, su gravedad y mortalidad asociada a la duodenopancreatectomia cefalica (DPC). MATERIAL Y METODOS: Se realiza un analisis retrospectivo de la duodenopancreatectomia cefalica analizando morbimortalidad desde los anos 2006-2013. Analizamos de forma prospectiva las complicaciones postoperatorias y morbimortalidad tras la colocacion de un tutor biliar transanastomotico de forma aleatorizada en la anastomosis biliointestinal en la DPC. RESULTADOS: Tras realizar un analisis mediante X₂ la colocacion del tutor biliar en la anastomosis biliointestinal favorece la aparicion de fistula pancreatica y la necesidad de reintervencion postoperatoria. En el analisis multivariante realizado para valorar los factores asociados al desarrollo de fistula pancreatica se muestran como factores independientes para el desarrollo de la misma el pancreas blando (p=0,001) y el uso de tutor biliar transanastomotico (p=0,006). CONCLUSIONES: Tras analisis de nuestros resultados podriamos decir que la colocacion de tutor biliar transanastomotico con exteriorizacion de la bilis de forma sistematica en nuestros pacientes, no evita ni mejora la aparicion de fistula pancreatica ni biliar, incluso por el contrario existe mayor predisposicion a la aparicion de dichos tipos de fistulas sobre todo pancreatica. AIM: The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the influence of the placement of a tranasanastomotic biliary tutor in the development of postoperative complications, its severity and mortality associated with duodenopancreatectomy (DPC). EnglishMATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the cephalic duodenopancreatectomy is performed analyzing morbidity and mortality from 2006-2013. We prospectively analyzed postoperative complications, morbidity and mortality after placing a transanostomotic biliary tutor randomly in biliointestinal anastomosis in the DPC. RESULTS: After performing an X₂ analysis, the placement of the biliary tutor in biliointestinal anastomosis favors the appearance of pancreatic fistula and the need for postoperative reintervention. In the multivariate analysis performed to assess the factors associated with the development of pancreatic fistula, the soft pancreas (p=0.001) and the use of transanastomotic biliary tutor (p=0.006) are shown as independent factors. CONCLUSIONS: After analyzing our results, we could say that the placement of a transanastomotic biliary tutor with systematic bile externalization in our patients does not prevent or improve the appearance of pancreatic or biliary fistula, even on the contrary there is a greater predisposition to the appearance of these types of fistulas especially pancreatic.
Mix Width, Bubble and Spike Amplitudes in Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations of Turbulent Mixing Driven by Spherical Implosions

Three-dimensional numerical simulations of turbulent mixing at a perturbed interface of a dense shell compressed by a spherically imploding shock wave are presented. This case is a simplified version of inertial confinement fusion implosion (ICF) where a small capsule containing nuclear material is compressed to extremely high pressure and temperature to achieve fusion burn. The current simulations were performed using a high-order spherical method and a semi-Lagrangian moving mesh algorithm implemented in our in-house code Flamenco. Results of narrowband and broadband initial perturbations are presented at different grid resolutions along with mix layer limits, molecular mixing, turbulent kinetic energy and bubble/spike heights. The initial multimode perturbations applied at the interface consist of a superposition of cosine waves and are determined according to a specified power spectrum and standard deviation. These are employed in a spherical segment, enabling the efficient computation of a wide range of low to relatively high mode-number perturbations. The overall grid convergence of the solution is analysed and the different findings from the integral quantities and bubble/spike amplitudes are indicated.
Optimasi Struktur Convolutional Neural Network LeNet5m dengan Pendekatan MorphNet

Pendekatan perancangan neural network saat ini, menghasilkan rancangan yang tidak efisien. Rancangan yang tidak efisien ini menyebabkan penggunaan sumber daya yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan network yang lebih efisien. Hal ini juga merupakan permasalahan yang dialami network LeNet5, sebuah convolutional neural network untuk klasifikasi digit tulisan tangan yang dilatih dengan menggunakan dataset MNIST. Kami mengusulkan pendekatan MorphNet untuk optimasi kebutuhan flops-nya. Pendekatan MorphNet mengerdilkan network dengan menggunakan L1 regularization untuk menonaktifkan neuron pada tingkat aktivasinya. Neuron yang tidak aktif ini memiliki imbas yang kecil terhadap kinerja network, sehingga akan diusulkan untuk dihilangkan pada struktur yang baru. Network ini kemudian dapat dibesarkan untuk realokasi sumber daya. Sebagai hasilnya, didapatkan beberapa network baru yang lebih efisien dalam kebutuhan flops hingga 69%, dengan tetap mempertahankan tingkat akurasi pada rentang 98.5%. Kami menyimpulkan bahwa pendekatan MorphNet berhasil meningkatakan efisiensi dengan cara menghilangkan neuron yang berimbas kecil terhadap kinerja network.
Simple and complex crossmodal correspondences involving audition

: The last few years have seen an explosion of interest from researchers in the crossmodal correspondences, deﬁned as the surprising connections that the majority of people share between seemingly-unrelated stimuli presented in diﬀerent sensory modalities. Intriguingly, many of the crossmodal correspondences that have been documented/studied to date have involved audition as one of the corresponding modalities. In fact, auditory pitch may well be the single most commonly studied dimension in correspondences research thus far. That said, relatively separate literatures have focused on the crossmodal correspondences involving simple versus more complex auditory stimuli. In this review, I summarize the evidence in this area and consider the relative explanatory power of the various diﬀerent accounts (statistical, structural, semantic, and emotional) that have been put forward to explain the correspondences. The suggestion is made that the relative contributions of the diﬀerent accounts likely diﬀers in the case of correspondences involving simple versus more complex stimuli (i.e., pure tones vs. short musical excerpts). Furthermore, the consequences of presenting corresponding versus non-corresponding stimuli likely also diﬀer in the two cases. In particular, while crossmodal correspondences may facilitate binding (i.e., multisensory integration) in the case of simple stimuli, the combination of more complex stimuli (such as, for example, musical excerpts and paintings) may instead be processed more ﬂuently when the component stimuli correspond. Finally, attention is drawn to the fact that the existence of a crossmodal correspondence does not in-and-of-itself necessarily imply that a crossmodal inﬂuence of one modality on the perception of stimuli in the other will also be observed.
A new total‐Lagrangian smooth particle hydrodynamics approximation for the simulation of damage and fracture of ductile materials

Smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is gaining popularity for the simulation of solids subjected to machining, wear, and impacts. Its attractiveness is due to its abilities to simulate problems, involving large deformations resulting from the absence of mesh as well as the development of the total‐Lagrangian version of SPH (TLSPH) to solve tensile instabilities and an hourglass control algorithm to reduce rank‐deficiency problems. However, when TLSPH is used with continuum damage mechanics, nonphysical residual forces can emerge and lead to instabilities. To solve this issue, the “pseudospring” method that scales the kernel function with damage was proposed by Chakraborty and Shaw. This method preserves local linear momentum and is stable for elastic solids but can generate instabilities when solids damage after experiencing high plastic strains. In this contribution, we present a new TLSPH approximation that conserves both linear and angular momenta, which is suitable for the simulation of damage and fracture of ductile materials. Using single‐edge notched samples and tensile tests, we show that this approximation is stable whatever the stress/strain state and is in good agreement with finite element simulations and experimental results.