Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelling the environmental niche of a declining farmland bird species

Abstract Species distribution models are used increasingly in both applied and theoretical research to understand attributes of species' environmental requirements and to predict how species are distributed. However, recent advances in species distribution modelling have shown that the use of a single modelling method can lead to biased conclusions about the determinants of species' distributions. Here we illustrate the application of an alternative modelling framework whereby multiple methods are employed for both making inference and predicting species distributions. We used six modelling techniques to quantify the environmental niche of the Red-backed shrike Lanius collurio, a threatened farmland bird species. Our results show that, while the importance and the direction of the effect of the enviromental variables are broadly concordant with what is known about habitat selection in the Red-backed shrike, there was variation in the predictive performance and the variables judged as important by the models. We conclude that the use of an analytical framework based on multiple modelling methods could be useful, not only to highlight the uncertainties derived from the use of a single best model, but also to make more robust inferences on species distributions and make more accurate predictions.
Monitoring coastal morphology: the potential of low‐cost fixed array action cameras for 3D reconstruction

The combination of structure‐from‐motion with multi‐view stereo (SfM‐MVS) photogrammetry has become an increasingly popular method for the monitoring and three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction of coastal environments. Climate change is driving the potential for increased coastal landward retreat meaning geomorphological monitoring using methods such as SfM‐MVS has become essential for detecting and tracking impacts. SfM‐MVS has been well‐researched with a variety of platforms and spatial and temporal resolutions using mainly rectilinear digital cameras in coastal settings. However, there has been no assessment of the potential of fixed multi‐camera arrays to monitor landward retreat or on the significance of camera placement in relation to the scene. This study presents an innovative method of image acquisition using a purpose‐built camera grid and GoPro© action camera to evaluate the combined effects of camera height, obliqueness and overlap at a site of known landward retreat. This approach examines the effect of camera placement on scene reconstruction to aid the design of a multi‐camera array. SfM‐MVS dense point clouds display millimetre accuracy when compared to equivalent terrestrial laser scans and strong image network geometry with internal precision estimates of < 3 mm. Comparable point cloud reconstruction can be achieved with a small number of images stationed in appropriate positions. Initial results show as few as five images positioned at a cliff to camera ratio of 3:4.18 and camera obliqueness of 40° can provide reconstruction in the range of millimetres (mean error of 4.79 mm). These findings illustrate the importance of camera placement when using multiple cameras and aid the design of a low‐cost, fixed multi‐camera array for use at sites of small‐scale landward retreat. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Effect of two forest grasses differing in their growth dynamics on the water relations and the growth of Quercus petraea seedlings

Interference between 1-year-old sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Mattus.) Liebl. ) seedlings and two grass species (Agrostis stolonifera L. and Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) Beauv. ) was evaluated during 3 years after seedling transplantation. The seedlings were grown in large containers under crossed levels of watering regimes (regular irrigation that maintained the soil at field capacity or seasonal water stress) and grass competition (with Agrostis, Deschampsia, or bare soil). After 3 years, seedling basal diameter was 2.5 times greater in the absence of competing vegetation than with one of the two grasses. Within the grass-competition treatments, diameter was 1.3 times as great for the seedlings grown in the irrigated treatments than for the seedlings grown in the water-stressed treatments and was 1.3 times greater for the seedlings grown with Agrostis than for the seedlings grown with Deschampsia. During the first 2 years, the seedlings grew much faster in the bare soil than in the weedy treatments, whateve.
Establishing a baseline of plant diversity and endemism on a neotropical mountain summit for future comparative studies assessing upward migration: an approach from biogeography and nature conservation

Climate change is forcing many plant species to shift their range in search of adequate environmental conditions, being localized endemic species particularly at risk on mountain summits. The Pantepui biogeographic province, a set of flat-topped mountain summits (called tepuis) of northern South America, contains both high plant diversity and a high degree of endemism. Previous studies based on warming projections for the area suggested that half of the Pantepui endemic flora would disappear due to habitat loss by 2100. In this study, we selected one of the best-explored tepuis, Roraima-tepui, to establish the baseline of diversity and endemism for comparisons with historical data and future monitoring surveys, aimed at testing the hypothesis of upward migration of plants in response to global warming. We also analysed floristic and physiognomic features of the Eastern Tepui Chain (ETC, the mountain range where Roraima is located), and the phytogeographic patterns of both the ETC and Pantepui. The Roraima summit contains 227 species, including 44 new records, 13 exotic species (some of them with high invasive potential), and at least one species new to science. At the ETC level, Roraima is the tepui with highest species richness and degree of endemism, and shows a relatively high floristic similarity with Kukenán and Ilú. Herbaceous species dominate over shrubs on these tepuis, Tramen and Maringma, whereas on Yuruaní, Karaurín and Uei, they reach similar abundances. At the Pantepui level, endemic species have highly localized distribution patterns (17% local endemics). Conservation opportunities are evaluated in light of these results.
Carbon balance and water use efficiency of frequently cut Lolium perenne L. swards at elevated carbon dioxide

The impact of doubled atmospheric [CO2] on the carbon balance of regularly cut Lolium perenne L. swards was studied for two years under semi‐field conditions in the Wageningen Rhizolab. CO2 and H2O vapour exchange rates of the swards were measured continuously for two years in transparent enclosures. The light utilization efficiencies of the swards ranged between 1.5 g CO2 MJ–1 global radiation (high light, ambient [CO2]) and 2.8 g CO2 MJ–1 (low light, doubled [CO2]). The above‐ground net primary productivity (NPP) in the enclosures was greater by 29% in 1994 and 43% in 1995 in the doubled [CO2] treatments, but only 20% and 25% more carbon was recovered in the periodical cuts. Thus, NPP increased significantly more than did the harvested above‐ground biomass. The positive [CO2] effect on net carbon assimilation is therefore associated with a preferential allocation of extra carbon to the roots and soil.
Transient Brugada Pattern Induced by Loperamide Abuse

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is classically a malignant, genetically determined, arrhythmic syndrome manifesting as syncope or sudden cardiac death (SCD) in individuals with structurally normal hearts. An exceedingly rare cause of an induced electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern mimicking BrS is secondary to loperamide abuse. The following case describes the onset of a transient Brugada pattern secondary to loperamide abuse in a young healthy male.
Allozyme variation of Faguscrenata in northeastern Japan

Genetic variation of Faguscrenata Blume was investigated in 14 populations of the Hokkaido and Honshu regions of northeastern Japan. Within populations, averages for the proportion of polymorphic loci (95% criterion), the number of alleles per locus, the effective number of alleles per locus, the expected average heterozygosity, and the observed average heterozygosity were 58.2, 2.63, 1.34, 20.2, and 16.0%, respectively. The relative magnitude of gene differentiation and the average genetic distance among populations were 0.014 and 0.002, respectively. The inbreeding coefficient averaged 0.036. Overall, we detected 24 rare alleles (less than 5% of the allele frequency). The genetic composition of Honshu and Hokkaido populations was essentially the same, except for the five rare alleles absent in Hokkaido populations. These results indicate that Hokkaido populations may have experienced a partial bottleneck in the process of seed dissemination from Honshu.
Learning about danger: chemical alarm cues and local risk assessment in prey fishes

An individual's behaviour patterns can be conceptualized as a series of threat-sensitive trade-offs between ambient predation pressure and a suite of fitness-related activities, such as resource defence, foraging and mating. Individuals that can reliably assess local predation risk could increase their fitness potential by exhibiting predator avoidance behaviours only at appropriate times. However, such learned risk assessment requires reliable information regarding current predation risks. A diverse range of prey fishes are known to possess chemical alarm cues, which when detected by conspecifics and some heterospecifics, elicit a variety of overt and covert responses. These chemical cues, either alone or as a part of a predator's dietary odour, provide reliable information regarding local predation risk. In this review, I describe recent works examining the role of chemosensory information in: (i) acquired predator recognition, (ii) predator inspection behaviour and (iii) the use of conspecific and heterospecific cues as social information sources.
Effects of hook size and barbless hooks on hooking injury, catch per unit effort, and fish size in a mixed-species recreational fishery in the western Mediterranean Sea

Alos, J., Palmer, M. , Grau, A. M. , and Deudero, S. 2008. Effects of hook size and barbless hooks on hooking injury, catch per unit effort, and fish size in a mixed-species recreational fishery in the western Mediterranean Sea. - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 899-905.The effects of hook size (small vs. large) and type (conventional vs. barbless) on hooking injury, catch per unit effort (cpue), and fish size in a mixed-species recreational fishery in the Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean) are evaluated. Hook size was the most important predictor of deep-hooking, which is reduced by the use of large hooks. The size of fish captured was another predictor of deep-hooking incidence, because large fish tended to be caught in deep-hooking locations. Deep-hooking was highly correlated with the presence of bleeding, and unhooking time was reduced by the use of large hooks and barbless hooks, although differences were small. To determine the effects of different hook treatments on cpue and species composition, a mixed-effect linear model was used as a univariate procedure, and redundancy analysis was used as a multivariate analysis. Results showed a drastic decrease in cpue with barbless hooks. In contrast, large hooks reduced the incidence of hooking injuries, with a small reduction in catch rate. Moreover, large hooks were associated with a larger mean size of fish caught than small hooks. Hence, control of hook size, along with other traditional management measures that involve the release of fish, is presented as a management option for sustainable development of recreational fisheries in the western Mediterranean Sea.
Speciation in fig wasps

1. There are over 700 species of fig trees in the tropics and several thousand species of fig wasps are associated with their syconia (inflorescences). These wasps comprise a monophyletic family of fig pollinators and several diverse lineages of non‐pollinating wasps. The pollinator larvae gall fig flowers, while larvae of non‐pollinating species either initiate their own galls or parasitise the galls of other wasps.
Structural Analysis of Kevlar Fabric Treated with Oxygen Plasma

The purpose of this work was to study the effects of low-pressure oxygen plasma treatment on the surface characteristics of kevlar fabric. For comparison purposes, samples treated with oxygenated plasma were prepared and characterised under different experimental conditions, i.e. a treatment time variation of 10, 30 and 60 minutes under a constant pressure of 4 mBar, using a pulsed current source. We analysed the effects of chemical and physical changes to the surface of the material aiming at improved hydrophilicity attributed to the formation of roughness on the surface of fibres, thus obtaining optimal parameters for future works. Changes in the chemical composition of the surface as well as in the superficial roughness of fibres before and after treatment were determined by FTIR, TGA, XRD and wettability testing. SEM was used as a complementary technique to monitor the changes triggered by the procedures using oxygen plasma.
Novel Cd (II) Coordination Polymers Afforded with EDTA or Trans-1,2-Cdta Chelators and Imidazole, Adenine, or 9-(2-Hydroxyethyl) Adenine Coligands

Three mixed-ligands of Cd(II) coordination polymers were unintentionally obtained: {[Cd(µ3-EDTA)(Him)·Cd(Him)(H2O)2]·H2O}n (1), {[Cd(µ4-CDTA)(Hade)·Cd(Hade)2]}n (2), and {[Cd(µ3-EDTA)(H2O)·Cd(H9heade)(H2O)]·2H2O}n (3), having imidazole (Him), adenine (Hade) or 9-(2-hydroxyethyl)adenine (9heade) as the N-heterocyclic coligands. Compounds 2 and 3 were obtained by working with an excess of corresponding N-heterocyclic coligands. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction structures and thermogravimetric analyses are reported. The chelate moieties in all three compounds exhibit hepta-coordinated Cd centers, whereas the non-chelated Cd center is five-coordinated in 1 and six-coordinated in 2 and 3. Him and Hade take part in the seven-coordinated chelate moieties in 1 and 2, respectively. In contrast, 9heade is unable to replace the aqua ligand of the chelate [Cd (EDTA) (H2O)] moiety in 3. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) behavior of [Cd (H2EDTA) (H2O)]·2H2O in 1 and 3 leads to a residue of CdO, whereas the N-rich compound 2 yields CdO·Cd(NO3)2 as a residue. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations along with molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and quantum theory of atoms-in-molecules computations were performed in adenine (compound 2) and (2-hydroxyethyl)adenine (compound 3) to analyze how the strength of the H-bonding and π-stacking interactions, respectively, are affected by their coordination to the Cd-metal center.
Overexpression of a CO homologue disrupts the rhythmic expression of clock gene LgLHYH1 in Lemna gibba

In plants, the circadian clock is involved in the regulation of various physiological phenomena. The Arabidopsis CONSTANS gene (AtCO), a central component in photoperiodic flowering, as well as the CONSTANS-LIKE 1 gene (AtCOL1), which has been suggested to be involved in the light input pathway, belong to the CONSTANS-LIKE gene family (COL family). To investigate the function of the COL family in the circadian system, we characterized CO homologues in two Lemna plant species (LgCOH1 in L. gibba G3 and LaCOH1 in L. aequinoctialis 6746). The expression of LgCOH1 was upregulated by light, showing diurnal rhythmic expression with peak expression during daytime. We examined the effect of LgCOH1 overexpression (LgCOH1-ox) on a circadian bioluminescent reporter. LgCOH1-ox damped the circadian bioluminescence rhythm, suggesting that it disturbed the circadian system. The overproduction of the N-terminal region including the zinc finger regions, or the C-terminal region including the CCT domain of LgCOH1 damped the circadian bioluminescence rhythm, suggesting that both regions were involved in the phenotypic abnormalities found in the fulllength LgCOH1-ox mutant. The overexpression of AtCO also damped the circadian bioluminescence rhythm in our cotransfection assay using Lemna plants, while its effect on the circadian rhythm was weaker than that of LgCOH1-ox. Based on these results, we suggest that some COL family genes may function in the regulation of the circadian system including the light input pathway.
Research and thinking of smart residential building technology

Smart Residential Building is emerging technology growing continuously now. It integrates of the many new technologies through building networking for rising human’s quality of living, therefore there have several comes researching in various technologies to use to the good home system . Accordingly, this paper reviews various topics on smart building/home technologies from surveying for smart residential building /home research project. This research paper also deals with the history and the concept of smart residential buildings. Smart buildings or at least discussion of the concept originated in the early 1980s.
Muscle fiber types in crabs: studies on single identified muscle fibers

SYNOPSIS. Based on electrophysiological and histochemical data, four types of muscle fibers (types I, II, III and IV) can be identified in the closer of the crab Eriphia . Although characteristics used for typing vary among the fibers of a particular type, the combination of several parameters permits an assignment. Of particular significance for typing is the myosin ATPase activity and its stability after preincubation at different pH levels. The fiber types defined for the closer muscle can also be found in the other leg muscles of riphia . Single, electrophysiologically identified fibers of each type were quantitatively analyzed for several key enzymes of oxidative and glycolytic energy metabolism (GAPDH, LDH, CS, IDH, HAD). Despite the variations found, different metabolic types can be defined. The typing derived from biochemical studies correlates well with that obtained electrophysiologically and histochemically. The variability of the biochemical properties, however, seems to be considerably larger. The type I fibers can be regarded as slow oxidative, the type II and III fibers as fast oxidative glycolytic, and the type IV fibers as fast glycolytic.
Communications: Iridovirus-like Particles Associated with Nodular Skin Lesions and Vesicles in Parapocryptes serperaster

Abstract Maxillary nodular lesions were found on specimens of Parapocryptes serperaster that had come from Malasia and were exhibited in an aquarium. One fish also displayed small vesicles on the skin over the entire body. Mortality levels in affected fish reached 90%. Many virus-like particles resembling iridoviruses were observed in both types of skin lesions. Several features of the lesions distinguish this disease from that caused by the lymphocystis virus.
Long Non-Coding RNA NEAT1 Serves as Sponge for miR-365a-3p to Promote Gastric Cancer Progression via Regulating ABCC4

Introduction Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) was reported to be a crucial regulator in cancer. In this work, our purpose is to explore the biolog﻿ical roles of nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) in gastric cancer (GC). Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect NEAT1 expression in GC cells and normal cells. GC cell behaviors after NEAT1 overexpression or downregulation were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, wound-healing assay, and flow cytometry assay. Bioinformatic tools were used to analyze the significance of NEAT1 in GC. The involvement of microRNA-365a-3p (miR-365a-3p) and ATP﻿-binding cassette subfamily C member 4 (ABCC4) ﻿in the biological roles of NEAT1 in GC progression was validated by luciferase activity reporter assay and rescue experiments. Results We found NEAT1 increased expression in both GC tissues and cells and correlated with poorer overall survival of cancer patients. We found NEAT1 overexpression promotes, while its knockdown inhibits GC cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and cell cycle progression in vitro. Mechanism analyses showed that NEAT1 serves as a ceRNA to upregulate ABCC4 expression via sponging miR-365a-3p. Conclusion In this study, we revealed a NEAT1/miR-365a-3p/ABCC4 triplet in GC progression, which may provide novel targeted therapy markers for GC.
Naturalized Orchid Bee Pollinates Resin‐reward Flowers in Florida: Novel and Known Mutualisms

Females of an orchid bee, Euglossa viridissima, recently naturalized in southern Florida, routinely collect resin to construct their brood cells from the flowers of two Clusia (Clusiaceae) and two Dalechampia (Euphorbiaceae) species. We demonstrated that the bee pollinates three of these species including: (1) the newly naturalized D. scandens, which it pollinates in Mexico; (2) the ornamental D. aristolochiifolia native to Peru; and (3) the ornamental C. lanceolata native to Brazil, but not the apomictic Clusia rosea native to Florida. Field observations indicated that the bee promotes outcrossing in a naturalized D. scandens population. Comparisons of fruit set between unmanipulated control flowers and flowers supplemented with additional pollen indicated that the presence of bee eliminates pollen limitation for cultivated C. lanceolata. The orchid bee's pollination of ornamental resin‐reward plants may promote their naturalization.
Brain-computer interface of focus and motor imagery using wavelet and recurrent neural networks

Brain-computer interface is a technology that allows operating a device without involving muscles and sound, but directly from the brain through the processed electrical signals. The technology works by capturing electrical or magnetic signals from the brain, which are then processed to obtain information contained therein. Usually, BCI uses information from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals based on various variables reviewed. This study proposed BCI to move external devices such as a drone simulator based on EEG signal information. From the EEG signal was extracted to get motor imagery (MI) and focus variable using wavelet. Then, they were classified by recurrent neural networks (RNN). In overcoming the problem of vanishing memory from RNN, was used long short-term memory (LSTM). The results showed that BCI used wavelet, and RNN can drive external devices of non-training data with an accuracy of 79.6%. The experiment gave AdaDelta model is better than the Adam model in terms of accuracy and value losses. Whereas in computational learning time, Adam's model is faster than AdaDelta's model.
Some Forbidden Rectangular Chessboards with Generalized Knight’s Moves

The m × n chessboard is an array with squares arranged in m rows and n columns. An ( a,b ) -knight’s move or generalized knight’s move is a move from one square to another by moving a knight passing a squares vertically or a squares horizontally and then passing b squares at 90 degrees angle. A closed ( a, b ) -knight’s tour is an ( a, b )-knight’s move such that the knight lands on every square on the m × n chessboard once and returns to its starting square. In this paper, we show that (i) the ( a + b ) × n chessboard admits no closed ( a, b )-knight’s tours if n ∈ [2 b + 1 , 4 b − 1] where 1 ≤ a 3, or if n = 6 a +8 where a > 3.