Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Os Dois Lados de Containers: Explorando o Balanço Entre Isolamento e Desempenho de Funções de Rede Virtualizadas

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has been suggested as a solution to the telecommunications industry’s dependence on deploying dedicated physical devices to provide new functionality. Before NFV is widely adopted by the industry, it is essential that its robustness and performance aren’t far from what is observed in traditional middlebox solutions. The use of containers has been recently studied as a lightweight alternative to the vastly employed hardware virtualization. However, most studies don’t examine the effect of exerting isolation in the performance of containers. This factor can be decisive and should not be overlooked, specially considering that implementing isolation is a more intricate endeavour in containers than in hardware virtualization. This paper aims to characterize the trade-off relationship between isolation and performance in container based NFV environments, exploring technologies regarding isolation, communication, network functions and anomalies. Resumo. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) tem sido sugerida como solução à histórica dependência da indústria de telecomunicações em implantar dispositivos fı́sicos dedicados para prover novas funcionalidades. Para que NFV seja amplamente adotada pela indústria, é fundamental que a robustez e o desempenho não estejam muito longe daqueles observados no contexto de middleboxes tradicionais. A utilização de containers tem sido estudada recentemente como uma alternativa mais leve e com melhor desempenho do que a vastamente empregada virtualização de hardware. No entanto, a maioria das investigações não explora o custo de exercer isolamento no desempenho de containers. Tal consideração pode ser decisiva e não pode ser negligenciada, uma vez que a implementação do isolamento em containers é mais intrincada que em virtualização de hardware. Neste artigo propõe-se caracterizar a relação de compromisso entre isolamento e desempenho em ambientes NFV baseados em containers. Mais especificamente, explora-se eixos de tecnologias de isolamento, comunicação, funções de rede e anomalias.
Virulence-Associated Mobile Elements in Bacilli and Clostridia

This chapter focuses on (i) species that induce human diseases, (ii) species that are able to produce toxins, and (iii) the association of appropriate virulence factors with possible mobile elements. With reference to bacilli, the chapter discusses mainly Bacillus anthracis and B. cereus. A section on clostridia focuses on Clostridium perfringens, neurotoxin-producing clostridia, and species capable of producing large clostridial cytotoxins (LCTs). The chapter talks about the contribution of the genetic mobility of virulence genes to the evolution of pathogenic bacilli and clostridia. B. anthracis strains produce a tripartite protein toxin, comprising PA (protective antigen), EF (edema factor) and LF (lethal factor). The main scientific interest is focused on the toxin plasmid (pXO1) and the capsule plasmid (pXO2), since they were recognized at an early stage as carrying the major virulence factors of B. anthracis. Under laboratory conditions, gene transfer has been achieved by transduction, conjugation, or conduction and has been reported to occur between B. anthracis, B. cereus, and B. thuringiensis strains. With virulence factors that are known to be mobile, the significance of the association of mobile genetic elements with virulence genes for the evolution of the pathogenic clostridia and bacilli becomes clear. The extreme flexibility of the bacteria toward the loss and acquisition of virulence factors could help pathogenic bacteria adapt to the excessive pressure of selection to which they are subjected during the complex interactions between pathogens and their hosts.
Alveolar bone changes and root resorption concomitant with rectangular NiTi in initial leveling and alignment

Introduction: Fixed orthodontic appliances include a wide variety of archwires used as a means of delivering forces on teeth. As there are a variety of available archwires, it is important to know which is the most efficient during the initial aligning stage of the treatment. During the initial phase of orthodontic treatment, the use of rectangular arch wires has been reported to result in decreased incisor inclination compared to the traditional round NiTi arch wires. Debates still exist regarding the effect of SLB on the alveolar bone and the root length. Aim of the study: The aim of this clinical study is to evaluate the changes in the alveolar bone and the root resorption during initial leveling and alignment with rectangular NiTi arch wires. Materials and methods: The current randomized clinical prospective study was conducted on a total sample of 20 patients, divided into two groups of ten. Group I consisted of 10 patients treated with active self-ligating stainless-steel brackets and round Cu NiTi wires using the conventional sequence for leveling and alignment. Group II consisted of 10 patients treated with active self-ligating stainless-steel brackets and rectangular Cu NiTi archwires for leveling and alignment. CBCTs were taken after achieving the study objectives (post leveling and alignment) to be used for analyzing the study measurements and comparison with the pretreatment CBCT data. Both groups were compared regarding alveolar bone length, alveolar bone thickness and root length. Conclusion: We concluded that there was no significant difference between the two groups concerning alveolar bone length and thickness. However, group II (treated with rectangular Cu NiTi archwires) showed a significant decrease in root length.
Antimicrobial resistance pattern of faecal Escherichia coli isolates: story of antibiotic use and misuse

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a major challenge of concern for treating patients. Emergence of antibiotic resistance among hospitalized patients has received considerable emphasis, while multi drug resistance also has an impact on community. It is well known that commensal faecal flora are reservoir of resistance genes, as well as site where resistance genes can be transferred. Aims & Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of Escherichia coli isolates from patients with suspected intestinal infection with and without diarrhoea attending outpatient department in tertiary care center. Material & Methods: This retrospective short observational study was carried out on 111 non repetitive fecal samples received in microbiology laboratory. Escherichia coli (E.coli) strains isolated were evaluated for resistance pattern. Results: Among 46(41.81%) isolated E.coli strains 84.78% isolates exhibited resistance to two or more antimicrobials, whereas 45.65% isolates were multi drug resistant. Decreased susceptibility was observed for first line antibiotics which tend to be more affordable and accessible to families, followed by 3 rd generation cephalosporin’s. However, resistance among quinolones and aminoglycosides varies between 20-30%. Imipenem was observed as most sensitive followed by Piperacillin + Tazobactum (100.00% and 86.95% respectively). Conclusion: Consequences of resistance are harder to define than microbiologists might wish. Some patients recover despite inadequate treatment whereas others failed to respond despite appropriate therapy. Increased morbidity and mortality are the most dramatic consequences of drug resistance. Key wordsIntestinal E.coli, Antibiotic resistance, Drug Resistance, Colonization .
Delayed recovery and the spacing of major extinctions

Approximate periodicity for peak rates of global extinction during the past 250 m.y. may have resulted from delayed recovery following major extinction events. Two components can be envisioned for such delays: persistence of inimical environmental conditions for some time after the onset of the crisis, and slow restoration of vulnerable taxa. This general hypothesis is consistent with statistical evidence of linkage between measured rates of extinction of marine invertebrate genera for contiguous stages and substages of the geologic column. The nine broad valleys between the “periodic” peak rates for the past 250 m.y. exhibit only three trivial secondary peaks, indicating that, if the pattern is not artifactual, trends in global rates of extinction have not readily been abruptly reversed. Moreover, the smooth observed trends reflect the fact that regional crises tend to remove many species but few genera. To some degree, high rates of extinction that precede peak rates must represent bias of the incomplete fossil record (the Signor-Lipps effect). High rates that immediately follow peak rates also may, to a degree, reflect biological legacy: (1) final extinction of weakened genera or (2) extinction of new genera that contain few species or represent failed evolutionary “experiments. ” Nonetheless, there is evidence that protracted intervals of stressful environmental conditions contributed to high rates of extinction preceding or following certain peak intervals, including the Scythian, Cenomanian, Early Paleocene, and Early Oligocene. The reef-building rudists, for example, suffered heavy extinction during both Cenomanian and Turonian time and then failed to recover quickly. The late Neogene record of bivalve molluscs in the Western Atlantic offers a more detailed picture of delayed recovery. Here early intervals of glacial expansion caused heavy extinction, leaving an impoverished, eurythermal fauna that was virtually unaffected by late Pleistocene glacial episodes. The episode of heavy extinction in Late Eocene time exhibits a similar phenomenon on a worldwide scale. Among the planktonic foraminifera, warm-adapted stenothermal species died out, and eurythermal forms predominated throughout Oligocene time; restoration of vulnerable, stenothermal species proceeded gradually during the Miocene Epoch. This example of delayed recovery and others like it following earlier global crises may have prevented such crises from following one another in rapid succession, yielding an appearance of periodicity.
Rapidly progressing juvenile scleroderma: A case report

Juvenile Scleroderma encompasses a range of conditions unified by the presence of fibrosis of the skin. Juvenile scleroderma is of two major types: Juvenile localized scleroderma and Juvenile Systemic sclerosis. Juvenile localized scleroderma is the predominant type seen in children (>95%). We report a case of systemic sclerosis in a child, which is associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Apart from the characteristic mask like face, arthritis was the predominant complaint in our case. revealed hemoglobin of 10.1 g/dl, total count of 14300/mm 3 and a platelet count of 5.4 lakh. The differential count included 74% neutrophils, 23% lymphocytes, 02% monocytes and 01% eosinophils. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 80mm/hr. Urine routine and microscopy was normal. The anti- streptolysin O factor, C- reactive protein and Rheumatoid Arthritis factor were negative. The chest X ray and Ultrasonography of the abdomen showed no abnormality. The renal function test and liver function test of this child was within normal limits. ANA profile done by immunodot method was positive. It showed specific bands for Scl- 70 antibodies. ECG and 2D Echocardiography done were within normal limits, with no pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary function test done showed severe restrictive type of pattern. Skin biopsy was done and revealed increased collagen bundles.
Gelation Properties and Industrial Application of Functional Protein from Fish Muscle-2. Properties of Functional Protein Gel from Fish, Chicken Breast and Pork Leg and Optimum Formulation

Gel properties of recovered protein from mackerel, frozen blackspotted croaker, chicken breast and pork leg using acidic and alkaline processing were evaluated. Myofibrillar protein from mackerel by acidic processing did not form a heat-induced gel. However, the recovered protein including sarcoplasmic protein formed heatinduced gel. Breaking force of gel from mackerel processed at pH 10.5 was the lowest. A deformation value of frozen blackspotted croaker was the highest, followed by chicken breast, pork leg and mackerel. Whiteness of frozen blackspotted croaker was the highest among heat-induced gel. Breaking force, deformation and whiteness were decreased by addition of recovered protein from mackerel, but price was increased. A breaking force and whiteness of heat-induced gel added recovered protein from chicken breast were increased, and the price was greatly decreased. When the constraint of breaking force, deformation and price of raw material were set up above 110 g, 4.5 mm and below 2,000 won/kg. A optimum formulation for blending protein was 36∼50% for frozen blackspotted croaker, 34∼40% for chicken breast, 14∼25% for pork leg. The heat-induced gel of recovered protein from frozen blackspotted croaker showed compact structure compared to that of recovered protein from mackerel. A formulation of chicken breast and pork leg based on blackspotted croaker can be used in surimi based seafood products having various texture.
Regulation of Capsule Synthesis: Modification of the Two-Component Paradigm by an Accessory Unstable Regulator

Dramatic increases in cps expression correlate with increased capsule synthesis and generally can be ascribed to either of two control points for the regulatory system. Capsule synthesis under all these conditions is completely dependent on RcsB; RcsA appears to act as an accessory factor that allows modulation of RcsB activity. When high-level expression of cps-lac fusions is selected at elevated temperatures, the primary location of the resulting mutations is in rcsC, the gene immediately clockwise to rcsB. Overproduction of RcsF increases capsule synthesis twofold, and mutations in rcsF decrease capsule synthesis two to threefold. Although there is no evidence for phosphorylation of RcsA, the temperature sensitivity of capsule synthesis is apparently best explained by temperature sensitivity of RcsA activity. The RcsB protein is relatively abundant in cells, and it is unclear whether there is any significant regulation of its activity during various growth conditions. RcsA is normally synthesized in very low amounts, and the protein is difficult to detect in wild-type cells, due to both low levels of synthesis and rapid degradation.
ETUDE DE LA DYNAMIQUE DE LA TRANSMISSION DE TOXOPLASMA GONDII DANS DES MILIEUX CONTRASTES

Ce travail a porte sur l'etude de la dynamique de la transmission d'un parasite a cycle complexe, Toxoplasma gondii, dans des milieux contrastes. Dans une premiere partie, la dynamique de la transmission du parasite est etudiee dans un site urbain abritant une population tres dense de chats domestiques (Felis catus). Nos travaux permettent de poser l'hypothese d'un cycle de transmission parasitaire simple lorsque les hotes intermediaires sont en densite tres faible relativement a celle des chats. Par ailleurs, nous mettons en evidence l'existence de zones de contamination du sol par les oocystes de T. gondii, qui sont tres localisees, et qui correspondent aux zones de defecation communes des chats. Dans une deuxieme partie, la variabilite de la dynamique de transmission de T. gondii dans les milieux riches en hotes intermediaires est abordee. Nous mettons notamment en evidence des indicateurs de la variabilite interspecifique du niveau d'infection chez les hotes intermediaires (masse corporelle specifique et habitat). Par ailleurs, nous montrons qu'il existe des relations entre la composition de l'environnement, la variabilite du climat, et le niveau d'infection de la toxoplasmose chez le chat domestique et le chat forestier (Felis silvestris). L'ensemble du travail montre l'interet d'une approche eco-epidemiologique dans la comprehension de la variabilite du cycle de T. gondii, notamment par l'utilisation du suivi a long terme de plusieurs populations de chats vivant dans differents environnements. Il ouvre la voie a differentes perspectives de recherche, tant sur le plan applique (amelioration de la detection d'oocystes) que sur un aspect de modelisation.
The Content Mastery among Islamic Education Teachers in Junior Islamic Secondary Schools in Surakarta

The study aims to describe the content mastery among Islamic Education teachers in all MTs/N (Islamic Secondary School) located in Surakarta. A mixed method was used in this study, where the teachers of MTsN and private MTs in Surakarta involved in this study. Test, interview and documentation became the instruments of this study. For ensuring the validity, the researcher used expert judgment. The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The results of the study showed that in overall the average scores in the Islamic Education materials had been 74 – which was quite low for a teacher. Meanwhile, some of the teachers got only 47 as compared to100 for the maximum score. From four subjects in the Islamic Education, the score of the teachers’ academic test from the highest to the lowest would be displayed as follows: Qur’an Hadits were 76.40; Fiqh was 76.40; SKI was 73.46; and Aqidah Akhlak was 72.40. It Indicated that the content mastery in the Qur’an – Hadits and Aqidah Akhlak had been higher than that of Fiqh and SKI.
Glycoproteins: Roles in Cellular Homeostasis and Disease

Modification of proteins through the addition of carbohydrates is one of the most significant alterations that occurs to these biological molecules and serves multiple purposes. Quite striking is the fact the protein glycosylation is controlled by factors that do not depend upon the information encoded in our genes. Sugar attachment is necessary in many proteins to ensure that they attain the proper folded state (i.e. structure) and thus, can carry out their intended functional roles. Equally important is the role glycosylation plays in the context of information. Cell surface glycoproteins are necessary for accurate and efficient cell–cell adhesion and cell–cell communication. The ability of certain families of proteins (lectins) to properly recognize the context of glycosylation on other structures (primarily proteins) is also critically important in cellular “information exchange. ” In order to control the regulatory effects of glycosylation, the process can be in a constant state of flux, changing as cells differentiate. Probably, most telling is that many examples are known where disruptions in the pattern of glycosylation, as well as in the degradation of glycosylated proteins, lead to pathological conditions. Keywords: Glycoconjugate; Glycosidase; Glycosyltransferase; Glycosidic; Glycan; Oligosaccharide; Lectin; Interleukin; Cytokine; Chemokine; Proteosome; N-glycosidic; O-glycosidic
Polimorfismos en la longitud de fragmentos amplificados (AFLP´s) a partir de muestras de sangre almacenadas en tarjetas FTA® para la especie Cavia porcellus Lin. (Rodentia: Caviidae)

Resumen Una manera eficaz de establecer el grado de variabilidad entre y dentro de poblaciones, es a traves del analisis de polimorfismos de ADN con marcadores moleculares como los AFLP's. En este articulo se presenta una metodologia que combina la utilizacion de tarjetas de FTA® (Whatman Bioscience, Cambridge) para coleccion y conservacion de muestras de sangre, con los procedimientos de extraccion de ADN y obtencion de marcadores AFLP´s, aspectos sobre los cuales no existen antecedentes para la especie Cavia porcellus . Se utilizaron muestras de ADN procedentes de tres poblaciones, dos criollas y una mejorada geneticamente obtenida a partir de un pie de cria procedente del Peru y sometida a seleccion en Colombia durante varias generaciones. Todos los animales procedieron de la Granja "Botana", propiedad de la Universidad de Narino, Pasto-Colombia. Para la deteccion de polimorfismos en la longitud de los fragmentos (AFLP's) se utilizaron uno, tres y cinco discos FTA® de 1.2 mm, cada disco con aproximadamente 25 ng de ADN. Los ensayos indicaron que los mejores productos de amplificacion, para la visualizacion de AFLP's, se obtuvieron de muestras con tres discos de FTA® por individuo, lo que sugiere que con esta metodologia, 75 ng de ADN por animal son suficientes para detectar polimorfismos de alta calidad en el genoma de Cavia porcellus . Se recomienda el uso de las tarjetas de FTA® para el estudio genetico de poblaciones de Cavia porcellus , con las modificaciones metodologicas descritas en este articulo para marcadores AFLP´s. Palabras Clave: AFLP´s, Cavia porcellus , FTA. Summary A methodology that includes the use of FTA® (Whatman Bioscience, Cambridge) to collect and store animals' blood samples and the procedures to extract and to get AFLP markers is presented in this paper. A review of the literature indicates that there are no reports concerning both aspects for the Cavia porcellus case. To reach our goal blood samples of three populations - Two native ones and other genetically improved- were obtained through heart puncture. This blood was stored in the FTA cards in order to extract, purify, amplify and analyze their DNA forms. All of the animals came from "Botana" farm of the Universidad de Narino, located in Pasto, Colombia. For amplifying the AFLP one, three and five 1.2 mm FTA disks of approximately 75 ng of DNA per disk where used. The tests indicated that the best products to amplify and to visualize the AFLP where those ones obtained from samples of three FTA disks per animal. This suggests that 75 ng of DNA per animal is enough to generate AFLP of high quality in the Cavia porcellus ' genome. We recommend the use of FTA cards to carry out genetic analyses in the Cavia porcellus , including the methodology modifications presented in this paper. Key words: AFLP´s, Cavia porcellus , FTA.