Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Total Phenol, Cellulose and Tannin Content by Using Different Parameters in Ethanol Extract of Pomegranate Peel

: Pomegranate (Punicagranatum L.) is considered one of the oldest known edible fruits. Pomegranate peels are characterized by an interior network of membranes comprising almost 26–30%of total fruit weight and are characterized by substantial amounts of phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and tannins. Pomegranate fruit and its peel exhibit a high antioxidant potential. Pomegranate peel attracts attention due to its apparent wound healing properties, Antioxidative activity has often been associated with a decreased risk of various diseases. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of using different parameters with ethanol extract and estimate the efficiency of effective compounds, such as polyphenolic, cellulose and tannin compounds from the pomegranate peel extracts. Keywords--Pomegranate peel extracts, polyphenolic, cellulose and tannin
MARIANNE WUORELA LED STIMULATION SETUP FOR RETINAL RECORDINGS

TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Degree Programme in Electrical Engineering WUORELA, MARIANNE: LED stimulation setup for retinal recordings Master of Science Thesis, 46 pages, 1 Appendix page June 2013 Major subject: Biomedical Engineering Examiners: Professor Jari Hyttinen, Post-doctoral researcher Soile Nymark
Cases of domestication and foreignization in the translation of Indonesian poetry into English: A preliminary inquiry

When translators are faced with a text that contains culturally sensitive elements, there are different strategies that they can use in translating the text. The strategy being chosen depends on a host of factors that include, among others, the purpose of the translation, the publisher’s power to dictate the translation, the translator’s own ‘power’ and mandate endowed to him/her, as well as his/her own interpretation of the cultural elements that are represented in the text for translation. This article examines how cultural translation is interrelated with the notions of domestication, foreignization and power. At the end of the article, translation cases involving Indonesian-English languages are examined in the light of this interrelation. The findings show that the translation strategies employed by the translator reflects his/her interpretation that dictates the translation process. When the cultural elements are considered as foreign the translator tends to use the domestication strategy. On the other hand, when the ‘foreign’ element is related to a known genre such as the Ramayana, the translator has chosen to use the foreignization strategy. Both strategies reflect the translator’s power or mandate to interpret the original text and realize it in the translation; this is a power that may have been granted to him/her by the publisher. By way of comparison, another case of foregnization is also presented, one that indicates the publisher’s power instead of the translator’s. These major findings are important for translator training in that the texts selected for exercises need to include those containing culture-sensitive items. Key words: Source language (SL) text, target language (TL) text, culture, cultural translation, translation strategy, domestication, foreignization, power, mandate.
Optimisation of the layer-by-layer synthesis method for polypyrrole actuators

Electrochemical actuators based on conducting polymers are being developed for many applications because of their significant advantages such as low voltage operation, relatively easy synthesis process. Polypyrrole actuators are important and popular because of their similarity to natural muscles are often called “artificial muscles”. It is always important and challenging to find an efficient electropolymerization method to modify and develop polypyrrole actuators. A new electropolymerization method, which involves preparing the PPy free-standing film as a sequential series of electrodeposited layers with ethanol washing in between each deposited layer. This method, known as layer by layer electropolymerization, has been shown to be more efficient when compared to the other electropolymerization methods. Here we attempt to compare the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of PPy free-standing films polymerized at different current densities via the layer by layer (LBL) and continuous electropolymerization methods.
Local Loop Unbundling in Europe: Experience, Prospects and Policy Challenges

This paper discusses the development of local loop unbundling in telecommunications markets throughout the European Union. It elaborates on the regulatory framework in Europe and provides an overview of recent experiences in Europe. Different types of unbundling, allowing for different types of entry and services provided by entrants, are discussed. This paper also explores the challenges for policy and regulation that arise because of unbundling and recent, related technological developments in the markets for fixed voice telephony and broadband internet access, particularly the emergence of packet-switched telephony such as VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol).
Enterobacteriaceae: At the verge of treatment

Antibiotics have a history of more than 70 years, during which they have saved the lives of millions of individuals. However, the golden era of so called miracle bullets is over now-antibiotic resistance to almost every class of antibiotics particularly in Gram negative microbes has rippled the fear that we may enter to pre-antibiotic era. The situation is gruesome as eventually diarrhea would be difficult to treat because it has already developed resistance to treatment of last resort and in enterobacteriaceae, which comprises of diarrheal pathogens-the multi-drug resistance genes are present on plasmids associated with integrons and transposons that aid in dissemination of resistance genes to unrelated species. It is imperative to reverse the resistance mechanism by overwhelming those microbial enzymes that degrade the antibiotics, by increasing the uptake of antibiotics by bacterial cells, by blocking drug efflux, by discovering new natural products having antimicrobial potential and most importantly through development of nano-antibiotics.
Sheep poisoning by Panicum dichotomiflorum in northeastern Brazil

Diferentes especies de Panicum, incluindo P. dichotomiflorum,causam fotossensibilizacao em ovinos, equinos, bovinos e caprinos. Um surto de fotossensibilizacao hepatogena ocorreu em 3 rebanhos de ovinos no municipio de Casa Nova, Bahia. Oitenta e um de 365 ovinos adoeceram e 39 morreram. Cordeiros lactentes e ovinos de menos de um ano foram mais afetados. Jumentos, cabras e bovinos que permaneciam nas mesmas pastagens nao foram afetados. Clinicamente observou-se edema da face, seguido por dermatite, principalmente da face, orelhas e garupa, corrimento ocular, opacidade da cornea com cegueira, e avermelhamento do rodete coronario e casco. Na necropsia de um cordeiro afetado o figado estava amarelado. Na histologia observou-se necrose aleatoria de hepatocitos no figado e areas focais de necrose de miocitos no miocardio. Amostras de P. dicotomiflorum foram analisadas por cromatografia em camada delgada e aquelas contendo saponinas foram isoladas por HPLC utilizando uma coluna RP-C18 com mistura de metanol e agua. Os compostos isolados foram submetidos a espectroscopia de ressonância magnetica nuclear de hidrogenio (RMN 1H) e de carbono (RMN 13C). As reacoes foram positivas para saponinas furostanolicas com o mesmo Rf que os padroes de protodioscina (0,21) e metilprotodioscina (0,32). Este resultado e os dados espectroscopicos sugerem a presenca, em P. dichotomiflorum, de metilprotodioscina e uma mistura de isomeros (25R)- e (25S)- de protodioscina em uma proporcao de 3:1.
Reducing Wind Turbine Load Simulation Uncertainties by Means of a Constrained Gaussian Turbulence Field

: We demonstrate a method for incorporating wind measurements from multiple-point scanning lidars into the turbulence fields serving as input to wind turbine load simulations. The measurement values are included in the analysis by applying constraints to randomly generated turbulence fields. A numerical study shows the application of the constrained turbulence method to load simulations on a 10MW wind turbine model, using two example lidar patterns – a 5-point pattern forming a square with a central point, and a circular one. Based on the results of this study, we assess the influence of applying the proposed method on the statistical uncertainty in wind turbine extreme and fatigue loads.
THE HUMAN CAPITAL FUNCTION: SECTORALEXTERNALITIES

We show evidence that so called knowledge spillovers have an important sectoral trace, at least in the Brazilian economy. Using data from the Brazilian household survey PNAD 2008 we show that the wage of an individual is influenced positively and significantly by the fraction of people in his sector that have at least a master degree. Additionally we show evidence that the fraction of people in a federal state engaged in business services has a positive and significant eect on the wage of individuals who live in that state. Both findings support the theorical model of Romer (1990) and show evidence of sectoral human capital externalities. Our third contribution is to provide additional evidence on the existence of increasing returns to schooling in Brazil, revealing that these returns do not arise in any specific aggregate sector.
Blowing up warped disks in 3D. Three-dimensional AMR simulations of point-symmetric nebulae

The Generalized Interacting Stellar Winds model has been very successful in explaining observed cylindrical and bipolar shapes of planetary nebulae. However, many nebulae have a multipolar or point-symmetric shape. Previous two-dimensional calculations showed that these seemingly enigmatic forms can be reproduced by a two-wind model in which the confining disk is warped, as is expected to occur in irradiated disks. In this paper we present the extension to fully three-dimensional Adaptive Mesh Refinement simulations using the publicly available hydrodynamics package Flash. We briefly describe the mechanism leading to a radiation driven warped disk, and give an equation for its shape. We derive time scales related to the disk and compare them to the radiative cooling time scale of the gas, thereby determining the relevant part of parameter space. By comparing two-dimensional calculations including realistic radiative cooling through a cooling curve, with ones employing a low value for the adiabatic index γ, we show that the latter, computationally less expensive approach, is a valid approximation for treating cooling in our nebulae. The results of the fully three-dimensional wind-disk simulations show our mechanism to be capable of producing a plethora of multipolar (and quadrupolar) morphologies, which can explain the observed shape of a number of (proto-)planetary nebulae.
A Global Perspective of Rice Brown Planthopper Management I -- Crop-Climatic Requirement

Rice Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (BPH) along with White-backed Planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) (WBPH) have co-evolved along with rice plant during its domestication of thousands of years. These plant hoppers are small insects. The adults measure about 4-6 mm in length and 3-4 mm in width. The nymphs as well as adults suck plant sap from phloem and occasionally from xylem. Enormous draining of sap results in drying of plants in circular patches called “hopper-burn”. Adults have two morphologically distinct forms1) macropterous i.e. those with fully developed wings and 2) brachypterous i.e. those with half developed wings. Macropterous forms can move up to few thousands of kilometers and settle in favorable areas. The progeny develops into brachypterous forms capable of laying 300-400 eggs/female facilitating very rapid population build up. This process of morpho-form development is under hormonal regulation and genetically controlled. Distribution of BPH in the field is patchy or clumped i.e. “negative binomial distribution”. East Asian, South-east Asian, and South Asian biotypes of BPH with distinct virulence patterns for host resistance exist. Long range migration of East Asian biotype from southern tip of China to Japan and Korea and back has been well documented. Possibility of such migration in South Asian biotype from Sri Lanka up to Punjab is hypothesized. South-east Asian biotype can possibly move from Indo-China countries up to tip of Indonesia and back .
Germination Requirements of Scarlet Globemallow

Scarlet globemallow (Sphaeralcea grossulariaefolia (H. & A.) Rydb. ) is an important perennial forb component of Shadscale Zone vegetation in the Great Basin (Billings, 1951). Few other species of comparable life form have persisted as well under the heavy grazing characteristic of this region. A major reason for this persistence is delayed dissemination of seed until favorable conditions for germination occur (Kearney, 1935). The inde: hiscent part of the carpel is known to hold the seed until the reticulate wall has disintegrated. Literature lacks any information, however, on how environmental factors influence germination once the seed is disseminated, The following research was conducted since such information is necessary if this species is to be used in revegetation programs.
Fruit Powder as Natural Preservatives for Raw Chevon

The preservation effect of ± °C) determined by analyzing the effect of these powders on the lipid oxidation rate and microbial quality. determining the rate of lipid-oxidation thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) value was determined whereas to determine the microbial quality of total plate count (TPC), total psychrotrophic count (TPSC), total coliform count (TCC) and yeast and mouldcount (YMC) were determined. These studies were conducted on 0,3,7,14 and 21 day of refrigerated storage. Compared to control, the starfruit and guava powder treated samples had significantly lower( p <0.05) TBARS values hence indicated delayed development of rancidity extending the shelf-life from 14 to 21 days of refrigerated storage. Similarly, the fruit powder treated samples had significantly lowered ( p <0.05) total plate count and total psychrotrophic count increasing the shelf-life to 7 days of refrigerated storage. The fruit powders were capable of inhibiting coliform and yeast and mould growth till the 3 rd day of refrigerated storage. Hence, it could be inferred that both starfruit and guava powder can successfully be utilized as natural preservative for minced chevon storage. Abstract
Scaling of Dependence between Foreign Exchange Rates and Stock Markets in Central Europe

We propose two novel methodological approaches — the detrending moving average based regression coefficient estimator and the scale-dependent instrumental variable estimator — and show their utility on a specific case of dependence between stock markets and connected foreign exchange rates in the Central European region — the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland. The methodology has proven useful as we uncovered several interesting findings such as scale dependence of the shock transmission and differences between the Euro and U.S. dollar currency pairs. The Polish currency is also the most sensitive of the three with respect to the stock market shocks. The proposed methodology can be applied to any system with potential endogeneity issues if one is interested in the scale variability of the effect of interest.
On Distribution of Absolute Values

This note shows two important properties of absolute values of symmetrically distributed random variables. First, the characteristic function of absolute value |X| adds imaginary part which is equal to the Hilbert transform of the characteristic function of the original random variable X. Second, a sum of absolute values on any symmetric underlying distribution will maintain the property that its imaginary part will be equal to the Hilbert transform of its real part. It is shown how the first moment of E|X| can be used for estimation of dispersion of the underlying distribution and how the characteristic function of E|X| transforms to characteristic function of a sum ∑|X i |. To demonstrate the results, the note shows a trivial example of a symmetric discrete value distribution and normal distribution as a special case of Levy-stable distributions. The main theorems are known facts used in signal processing. The contribution of this note is to demonstrate their applications in statistics.
Integrated Metal-Insulator-Metal Plasmonic Nano Resonator: an Analytical Approach

A novel structure is proposed as an inline resonator. The resonator has low loss, compact size and good sensing characteristics. A simple analytical form to the plasmonic waveguide discontinuity, fllter resonance response and cascaded fllters behavior is proposed. The model is extracted from the waveguide physical parameters and provides a physical insight into the structure of the fllter. This model is simple, accurate, and shows a good agreement with FDTD simulations. The ability of the model to provide a good methodology to obtain high quality fllters using cascaded inline flltering is verifled using FDTD. The proposed nanofllter can be used in various plasmonic applications such as sensing, biomedical diagnostics and on-chip interconnects. Using cascaded fllters, a higher quality fllter is achieved.
EXTRACTION POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT SOLVENTS IN THE STUDY OF ORGANIC MATTER CONCENTRATIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT

The extraction potential of three solvents: dichloromethane, sodium pyrophosphate and dichloromethane:methanol (DCM:MeOH, 93:7 v/v) in extracting organic matter for organic matter type and concentration studies in the environment has been tested. Three sandstone samples were dissolved in the solvents and the extract analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Analysis based on the absorbencies of humic acids (E4) and fulvic acids (E6) indicate sodium pyrophosphate as the most potent solvent, followed by dichloromethane and finally DCM:MeOH, 93:7 v/v.
Utilizing Learning Promotion Potential (LPP) framework to facilitate the application of higher-order cognitive skills

Introduction. Different authors have proposed LPP as a pedagogical theorization framework to facilitate the linkage of psychological theory to teaching practice because it is useful for designing and assessing the effectiveness of pedagogical practice. This study aimed at testing the utility of the LPP-based theory-informed strategy at promoting learning and eliciting the application of higher-order cognitive skills with regard to plant nutrition. Method. An 8-session LPP-based teaching sequence was designed and implemented on the basis of LPP principles. Using a comparative case study, the effectiveness of the writer’s use of the designed sequence to teach plant nutrition to a mixed-gender class of 13/14 year-old Kenyan students was compared with that of an experienced and well-regarded Kenyan teacher teaching a comparable class in the same school, using the same amount of contact time. Results. The findings show that LPP-based theory-informed strategy was more effective than the comparison teaching. Also the learners who experienced in the LPP-based teaching sequence progressively applied higher order cognitive skills in their heirarchy to the end of the teaching. Their comparison class counterparts’ progress stopped at lower levels of the higher order cognitive skills hierarchy. Conclusion: LPP provides a potentially useful framework by which it is possible to evaluate a theory-based teaching strategy to establish its effectiveness. However, it is still difficult to conclusively link the overt and covert processes.
Selection and testing of spectral bands for edge-based leaf segmentation

Leaf shape is an important feature used in plant identification. The first step in automating leaf shape analysis in complex, real-world scenes is to segment individual leaves. Leaves are often occluded and overlapping, and the similar colour and texture characteristics of the leaves complicate the task of separating them. A segmentation approach based on simple edge detectors operating on narrow-waveband images from an imaging spectrophotometer was developed and tested. Band selection was done by comparing separability of leaf-leaf, vein, and leaf-overlap edge regions of multi-plant, images for four species in 115 spectral bands between 400 and 1000 nm. Testing resulted in a mean segmentation percentage of 63% using a Sobel edge detector operating on an image in a 5 nm waveband centred at 719 nm. This result compared favourably with existing research given the relative simplicity of the segmentation algorithm and complexity of the test images used.
on Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation , DAAAM 2014 Nonlinear Adaptive Correction of Continuous Path Speed of the Tool for High Efficiency Robotic Machining

The proposed new structure of the control system for a robot that performs high-performance machining, for example milling, deburring, grinding and polishing parts. This structure is based on the ideas of mechatronics and contains nonlinear adjustmentregulating feedback. The algorithm of generation of control actions, providing adaptive correction of continuous path speed of tool movement and the absence of overdriving the servo drives. The corrected value of the path velocity is calculated based on the change variables, taking into account the currents in the windings of all of the motors of the robot and of the tool. Computer simulation results have confirmed the conclusion that when using the proposed algorithms logical signal processing, filters and relay control law ensuring consistent operation of the drives, the required accuracy of the movements of tool and high performance. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of DAAAM International Vienna.
Production of odd hydrogen in the mesosphere during the January 2005 solar proton event

Using measurements from the MLS/Aura and GOMOS/Envisat instruments together with a 1‐D ion and neutral chemistry model we study the changes in odd hydrogen and ozone in the mesosphere during the January 2005 solar proton event. The unique observational data allow us for the first time to directly test the HOx production theory which involves complex ion chemistry. MLS measurements from the northern polar region show increases of OH concentrations by over 100% around the stratopause, and by up to one order of magnitude in the middle mesosphere after the onset of the SPE. GOMOS measurements indicate decreases in O3 concentration throughout the lower and middle mesosphere, by up to 90%. The model predictions are in reasonable agreement with the observations. We point out that models using the so‐called PHOx/Q parameterization to include the effects of ion chemistry could underestimate the HOx production and the resulting ozone depletion.