Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF AN OPTIMIZED ANTENNA AND OTHER ENHANCEMENTS OF A SPECTROMETER FOR THE STUDY OF OZONE IN THE MESOSPHERE

The goal of this project was to optimize the performance of a spectrometer at Haystack that measures the amount of ozone in the mesosphere. This required searching and testing for compact, inexpensive low noise block converters (LNBs) that can perform efficiently in the X-band of the electromagnetic spectrum. Various devices were tested such as the Fortec FSKUVN 0.2 dB, Invacom SNF-031 0.3 dB Horn, Invacom SNF-031 0.3 dB C120 flange, and the Smart 0.1 dB. Software was used to estimate the “sky noise” as a function of azimuth and elevation, and in turn was used to calculate the antenna response. Numerous calibration techniques were used to obtain accurate values for the noise figure, such as the use of various absorbers to measure the “Y-factor”, liquid nitrogen calibration, and also calibration with a fluorescent lamp that periodically turns on and off. Some possible solutions to reduce spillover from the ground and further optimize the antenna performance, were also tested. INTRODUCTION The setup to observe the ozone line of 11.072 GHz consists mainly of a “Direct TV” offset parabolic dish and an LNB away from the dish at a distance equal to its focal distance and looking up at an angle equal to its offset angle. For the Winegard DS-4047, the focal distance is 10.6” and the offset angle is 24 degrees. A mirror is located at the center of the dish for alignment, and the antenna beam approaches the dish at 8 degrees elevation. Parabola: 21 = y2/ (4 f)
Isolation and Identification of an Amylase Producing Trace Tolerance Bacteria from Industrial Waste of Haldia , an Industrial Town of India

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify trace tolerance bacteria which produce amylase. We isolated bacteria from industrial waste of Haldia (GPS location: 22.025 88.058), West Bengal, India. We identified one amylase producing bacteria which can survive in wide range of pH 3 to pH 11 and temperature of 04°C to 50°C. It can tolerate heavy metals like cobalt, chromium, zinc, lead etc. Among the six metal ions (Cu, Zn2+, Pb , K , Mg 2+ and Co) the bacteria show more resistance against Cobalt acetate and less sensitive against Magnesium sulphate. Molecular characterization indicate that it belongs to Aeromonas caviae NK1.
Hedgehog signaling pathway as key player in liver fibrosis: new insights and perspectives

Introduction: Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a pivotal cellular event in liver fibrosis. Therefore, improving our understanding of the molecular pathways that are involved in these processes is essential to generate new therapies for liver fibrosis. Greater knowledge of the role of the hedgehog signaling pathway in liver fibrosis could improve understanding of the liver fibrosis pathogenesis. Areas covered: The aim of this review is to describe the present knowledge about the hedgehog signaling pathway, which significantly participates in liver fibrosis and HSC activation, and look ahead on new perspectives of hedgehog signaling pathway research. Moreover, we will discuss the different interactions with hedgehog signaling pathway-regulated liver fibrosis. Expert opinion: The hedgehog pathway modulates several important aspects of function, including cell proliferation, activation and differentiation. Targeting the hedgehog pathway can be a promising direction in liver fibrosis treatment. We discuss new perspectives of hedgehog signaling pathway activation in liver fibrosis and HSC fate, including DNA methylation, methyl CpG binding protein 2, microRNA, irradiation and metabolism that influence hedgehog signaling pathway transduction. These findings identify the hedgehog pathway as a potentially important for biomarker development and therapeutic targets in liver fibrosis. Future studies are needed in order to find safer and more effective hedgehog-based drugs.
A control strategy of null space motion using passivity of PID controller

In this paper, strategy of design in null space by a PID controller is proposed. There are many studies about asymptotical stabilizing by PID controller about a robot manipulator. Recently, robot works in various situations. It is necessary for the robot manipulator to have many degrees of freedom (DOF). So, we consider a control strategy of manipulator motion using a redundant manipulator. The redundant manipulator can divide into work space and null space. Here, we propose that work space carries out position control and null space uses PID control. Work space sets an observer. It is said to be work space observer. And, in null space, design of parameters of PID controller is used passive theory. In addition when unknown disturbance (interactive null space interference) is operated null space, it is compensated by the PID controller. To compensate null space disturbance, gamma-dissipative property is used. Finally, we carry out experiments for 4-link manipulator. In addition, comparing proposed method with PD control using null space observer is introduced. So, feasibility of control design of null space by the PID controller is confirmed
Extended Abstract , Managerial Insight and “ Optimal ” Algorithms

After nearly two decades and dozens of studies of behavior in the newsvendor setting, a worrisome consensus has emerged—humans almost universally deviate from optimal order quantities, thereby reducing firm profits. Given the centrality of the newsvendor problem to inventory management, this result suggests that firms could improve their performance by replacing human inventory managers with optimally programmed ordering systems. Is this true? And if so, why do firms rely so heavily on the judgment of human managers? Human managers may be able to improve decision making by incorporating knowledge derived from idiosyncratic events that affect real-world performance but are omitted from standard analytical models. My primary research question is: How can a firm maximize profits in a newsvendor setting in which human managers have privileged access to valuable demand information but are also subject to cognitive limitations, biases, and heuristics? In their seminal paper, Schweitzer and Cachon (2000) acknowledge the need for both human managers and algorithms. They note that “the forecasting task typically requires managerial judgment” while “the task of converting a forecast into an order quantity can be automated” (p. 419). Automation, they say, should be used alongside human decision making, not to its exclusion. Yet, to the best of my knowledge, no accepted model of the newsvendor problem captures the need for managerial judgment. I aim to fill this critical void with a descriptive theoretical model and a prescriptive empirical method. At the heart of this paper are three assumptions: (1) the typical newsvendor model is misspecified relative to some practical settings in that it fails to include important real-world features that affect profits, (2) human managers can observe a subset of these unmodeled features and therefore have the potential to improve decision making, and (3) doing so requires the use of tacit knowledge and unstructured data (e.g., conversations, news reports, etc.) that cannot be admitted by standard models.
Adaptive neural network control of nonlinear systems with unknown dead-zone model

The problem of direct adaptive neural network control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with unknown dead-zone model and unknown constant control gain is studied in this paper. Based on simplified dead-zone model and the supervisory control strategy as well as the approximation capability of multilayer neural networks (MNNs), a novel design scheme of direct adaptive integral variable structure neural network controller is proposed. The adaptive law of the adjustable parameter vector and the matrix of weights in the neural networks and the gain of sliding mode control term to adaptively compensate for the residual and the approximation error of MNNs is determined by using a Lyapunov method. The approach does not require the optimal approximation error being square-integrable or the supremum of the optimal approximation error to be known. By theoretical analysis, the closed-loop control system is proven to be globally stable in the sense that all signals involved are bounded, with tracking error converging to zero.
Quark Confinement and Force Unification

String theory had to adopt a bi-scale approach in order to produce the weakness of gravity. Taking a bi-scale approach to particle physics along with a spin connection produces 1) the measured proton radius, 2) a resolution of the multiplicity of measured weak angle values 3) a correct theoretical value for the Z 0 4) a reason that h is a constant and 5) a “neutral current” source. The source of the “neutral current” provides 6) an alternate solution to quark confinement, 7) produces an effective r like potential, and 8) gives a reason for the observed but unexplained Regge trajectory like J ∼ M 2 behavior seen in quark composite particle spin families.
Detection of FMD Infection in Vaccinated Animals

The most direct method to detect FMD infection in vaccinated animals is to look for the FMD virus. However, the acute phase of virus replication may be transient and in the absence of clinical signs, the chance of detecting this is small. The proportion of vaccinated ruminants that go on to become persistently infected is variable as is the duration of virus carriage. Persistently infected animals (sometimes referred to as “carriers”) can be identified by virus isolation or RT-PCR tests on oropharyngeal fluid (probang) samples, but the method has a low diagnostic sensitivity (Haas and Sorensen, 2002). Studies in South America found that virus could only be detected intermittently from serial oropharyngeal fluid samples (47% positive) collected from 78 persistently infected animals that scored consistently seropositive in tests for antibody to nonstructural proteins (NSPs) (Bergmann, personnel communication). Another serious limitation of oropharyngeal fluid testing and subsequent virological tests is the difficulty of carrying out both procedures rapidly on a large scale. Tests for virus on oropharyngeal fluids can be carried out to try to confirm the status of animals identified as potentially persistently infected by serological examinations. However, only a positive result adds much weight to the diagnosis because of the high likelihood of achieving a false negative result. Furthermore, if serological tests are required to be used on a herd-basis, then herds testing positive should have all of their animals tested by the confirmatory method, and not just the individual seropositive animals.
EVALUATION OF PHENOTYPIC METHODS USED FOR THE DETECTION OF CARBAPENEMASE: MODIFIED HODGE TEST, CARBAPENEM INACTIVATION METHOD, AND CARBANP TEST

AbstrAct Introduction: Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae are one of the serious clinical problems, considering carbapenems are the last resort of antibiotics for treating multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Objective: In this study, we compared different phenotypic screening methods used for the identification of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Methods: The clinical isolates were initially studied for their minimal inhibitory concentration and PCR based carbapenem-resistance gene analysis. The Modified Hodge Test (MHT), carbapenem inactivation method (CIM) and carbaNP test were performed. Results: The results showed that the MHT and carba NP test can produce false-negative results but carbapenem inactivation method (CIM) can produce relatively positive results for all the isolates. In the CIM method, the use of ertapenem disks produced accurate results. The carbaNP test was found to be rapid in analyzing the results but CIM was suitable for general clinical laboratories with its high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: This study highlighted the use of different phenotypic methods to evaluate the carbapenemase producers in the clinical laboratories.
Photonic devices based on optical fibers for telecommunication applications

In this thesis, all-optical processing for the functionalities of second and third generation optical networks is studied in one hand by means of parametric processes and on the other hand by taking advance of cross phase modulation in highly non-linear optical fibers. Parametric processes are nonlinear effects which arise in optical fibers when high-powered waves are properly placed at proper spectral positions. Through the first part of this thesis an analytical study on the noise characteristics of parametric amplifiers operating at the linear regime is provided taking also into account that the zero dispersion wavelength mapping along fiber’s length varies its value. A useful theoretical model for the noise figure estimation is derived, and a comparative study on the noise properties of non-linear fiber with several zero dispersion wavelength mapping is carried out. In the same part of this thesis a 2R polarization insensitive regenerator based on dual pump parametric processes in fiber is proposed and theoretically studied. Two novel fiber based photonic devices, which based on cross phase modulation in highly non-linear fibers, are proposed in the second part of this thesis. The first proposed fiber device is an all optical ultrafast (160 Gbps) reconfigurable (XOR, OR, AND, NAND, OR, NOR, NOT) photonic logic gates and the second device is an all optical ultrafast (40 Gbps) photonic differentiator which has the ability to produce fistorder and second-order temporal derivatives of an optical RZ modulated signal. The fine operation properties of this device have been experimentally demonstrated. Finally the ability of the proposed all optical differentiator to operate as an UWB signal generator has been studied and proven. The proposed all optical UWB signal generator can be used to indoor wireless access network as a last meters solution in next generation optical access networks.
THE STRESS FIELD OF A SHEAR CRACK PROGAGATING IN A VISCOELASTIC MEDIUM

The solution for a crack progagating under shear loading (“Mode II”) in an isotropic viscoelastic medium with different relaxation under volume and shear deformations is summarised. The medium is infinite and the semi-infinite crack propagates along the x1-axis at constant speed V , which may take any value up to the speed of dilatational waves. The problem is formulated for general loading but the solution is developed for loading that follows the crack, inducing a dynamic steady state. At the time of writing, the requisite Riemann–Hilbert problem has been solved and an expression for the stress component σ12 directly ahead of the crack has been obtained. To leading order, the stress has the same type of singularity as in the corresponding elastic problem but its strength is altered by the viscoelasticity. Higher-order asymptotic representations for the field in the vicinity of the crack (not just in its plane) are in the process of development; it is intended that explicit numerical results, suitable for comparison with experimental observation, will be included in the presentation.
Implemented edge shape of an electrical stimulus capsule

Recently, a capsule endoscope has been developed and many researchers have been trying to develop locomotive capsules. To develop locomotive capsules, the inner volume of the capsule has to be large enough to insert actuators, and the edge shape of the exterior capsule has to be suitable for locomotion. There are many locomotional methods, but an electrical stimulus method provides the appropriate power consumption, plus the shape of the capsule is the same as general telemetry capsules. In this paper, the optimal shape of the electrical stimulus capsule (ESC) was designed and implemented to provide the appropriate inner volume and moving speed of the capsule.
Estimating Shared Autonomous Vehicle Fleet Size to Meet Urban Daily Travel Demand

Shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) present the possibility of greatly reducing the number of cars in use, and consequently the required parking space. We present a methodology to estimate the required SAV fleet size to meet travel demand for a region, and develop a detailed synthetic population model where we model every individual in a city, along with typical weekday activity patterns to estimate the travel demand. We combine this with a simulation of SAV routing to determine the fleet size needed to satisfy all trips with small waiting times. Our results show significant reductions in both the number of vehicles on roads and parking demand in cities, which would result in substantial savings.
Retrospective audit of the widal test for diagnosis of typhoid Fever in pediatric patients in an endemic region.

INTRODUCTION Although typhoid fever is confirmed by culture of Salmonella Typhi, Widal test is widely used in India but little information exists about its reliability. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the performance of Widal test in our hospital for diagnosis of typhoid fever in children. Hundred consecutive pediatric in-patients for whom, the Widal test was requested were grouped into four categories: widal positive and clinically consistent with typhoid fever (Group 1; n=42), widal negative but clinically consistent (Group 2, n=12), widal positive but not clinically consistent (Group 3, n=12) and widal negative and also not clinically consistent (Group 4, n=34). The results were analyzed by the test performance criteria, namely, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) using culture-confirmed typhoid fever cases as the "true positives". RESULTS We found that 7/100 patients had culture-proven typhoid fever. Using a cut off ≥ 50 for O agglutinins or ≥100 for H agglutinins, the Widal test gave a sensitivity of 71.43%, specificity of 47.31%, and a positive predictive value of 09.25% and a negative predictive value of 95.65%. CONCLUSION The Widal test is an easy, inexpensive and relatively non-invasive but is not reliable in our set up because of a low PPV. There is a need for a more efficient rapid diagnostic test for typhoid fever.
Effects of siRNA interference and over-expression of HMGA 2 on proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells

High mobility group A2 (HMGA2) is one oncogenic gene that can regulates cell proliferation, cycle and apoptosis. Up-regulation of HMGA2 is correlated with multiple tumors. This study constructed interference and overexpression vector targeting HMGA2, to investigate if HMGA2 plays a role in regulating proliferation or apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Colorectal cancer patients admitted in our hospital were collected for tumor and adjacent tissue samples. qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence assay were used for testing HMGA2 expression. HCT116 and NCM460 cells were compared to expression of HMGA2 and cyclin A. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell proliferation, cycle and apoptosis. In vitro cultured HCT116 cells were treated with si-HMGA2 or pIRES2-HMGA2, followed by qRT-PCR, Western blot and flow cytometry for expression of HMGA2 and cyclin A, and cell proliferation, cycle or apoptosis. Compared to adjacent tissues, colorectal cancer tissues had significantly elevated HMGA2 mRNA/ protein expression. HCT116 cell had significantly elevated expression of HMGA2/cyclin A, S phase or G2/M phase ratio, and proliferation potency than those of NCM460 cells, whilst G0/G1 ratio and apoptotic rate were lower. Transfection of HMGA2 siRNA remarkably decreased cyclin A expression in HCT116 cells, weakened its proliferation potency, elevated G0/G1 ratio whilst decreased S phase or G2/M phase ratio, and induced apoptosis. Overexpression of HMGA2 exerted opposite effects. Up-regulation of HMGA2 occurs in colorectal cancer tissues. HMGA2 can facilitate proliferation and colorectal cancer cells and inhibit apoptosis via up-regulating cyclin A expression, accelerating G1/S or G2/M phase transition.
ABOUT THE NECESSITY OF NEW TESTING PROCEDURES FOR MIXED MODE FRACTURE OF QUASIBRITTLE MATERIALS

Considerable effort has been devoted to study the initiation and stable growth of cracks in quasibrittle materials, especially concrete, under mixed mode I/II loading conditions. A general agreement is practically achieved about that there is not a testing procedure to reproduce a “real” mixed mode I/II fracture for quasibrittle materials. The testing procedures, developed by several researchers, always lead to a local mode I growth of the crack under global mixed mode I/II fracture testing conditions. This obstacle makes difficult to evaluate the influence of the shear parameters on the mixed-mode fracture of quasibrittle materials. Since some concrete civil structures often show cracks subjected to mixed mode growth, a mixed mode fracture testing procedure would be welcome. This paper presents a summary of the study of the influence of shear parameters on mixed mode I/II fracture of concrete. Various experimental procedures, involving several geometries and sizes of the specimens, were used. Numerical modelling of the mixed mode fracture, based on the cohesive crack approach, was also proposed. The model properly fits the experimental results of the authors and other researchers, and gives a picture of the evolution of the stresses along the cohesive crack during testing. Combining experimental results and numerical analysis helps in better understanding the physical phenomena involved in crack growth under mixed mode loading conditions. The paper concludes with some ideas about the necessity of new testing procedures for a better knowledge of the mixed mode fracture of quasibrittle materials. This topic is important for the incorporation of the concrete fracture techniques in the evaluation of the structural integrity by practitioners.
Development of a Support System for Managing the Cyber Protection of an Information Object

The architecture of the information object security management system and the intelligent decision support subsystem regarding cyber security operational management is offered particularly in conditions of uncertainty, inconsistency and lack of knowledge about the object security status. The information object cyber security operational management system and the formation of the protection methods rational sets model which is based on a morphological approach is developed. This model allows us to generate different variants of protection sets that are compliant with a computer system taking into account morphological matrices for each security perimeter prepared with the intelligent decision support system (IDSS). It will find an optimal variant of the information security perimeter sets using an object function that maximizes the correlation of a consolidated figure of "information security" to consolidated figure "costs". A program set for IDSS in circuits of organizational-technical and operational management of the information object security system is developed. It is proven that using the developed IDSS allows us to reduce the cost of developing an information security system and to shorten the time for informing some responsible individual about information security incidents.