Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
III . Design of Proposed Reversible Logic Mux-Multiplier ( RlMM ) 3

The face recognition is used to identify a person for access into work place, home, electronic gadgets etc. In this paper, we propose Reversible Logic MUX-Multiplier (RLMM) based Face Recognition using Hybrid Features. The novel concept of RLMM is introduced in designing multiplier for edge detection of face images using reversible logic gates. The steganography is used to convert two images of same person into one image. By using Canny Edge Detection, the edge detected stegoimages are obtained in order to create the database. The resize and Gaussian filter techniques are used in preprocessing of face images. The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) coefficients are computed from images and are fused to extract initial features. The final features are obtained from the output of Self Organizing Map (SOM) for the input of initial features. The Euclidian Distance (ED) is used to compare final features of face database images and test images to compute performance parameters. It is observed that the performance of the proposed method is better compared to existing methods. The proposed Multiplier and canny edge detection is coded using VHDL, synthesized and simulated using Xilinx ISE 14.5i tool. The face recognition is performed using Matlab 2012
Competition Policy and the WTO: Is there a need for a multilateral agreement? EIPA Working Paper 98/W/02, September 1998

This paper discusses the arguments in favour of an International Competition Policy Agreement (ICPA) within the WTO framework. We argue that the only clear justification for an ICPA is in the presence of cross-border policy spillovers in competition policy. However, it is shown that such an agreement may lead both to a less competitive world trading system and, more importantly, to a lower level of world welfare. While recognizing the potential benefits that may arise from an ICPA, we recommend a cautious approach that acknowledges these drawbacks and other potential holes in such an agreement.
RiverState: A Visual Metaphor Representing Millions of Time-Oriented State Transitions

Developing a positive relationship between a business and its customers is vital to success. The outcome of any customer interaction can determine future patronage of the business. Many industry’s only point of interaction with their customers is through a contact centre where everything from sales to complaints are handled. This places tremendous importance on the operational efﬁciency of the contact centre and the level of care provided to the customers. These customer interactions are recorded and archived in large databases, but undertaking insightful analysis is challenging due to both the size and complexity of the data. We present a visual solution to the tracking of customer interactions at a large scale. RiverState visualises the collective ﬂow of callers through the process of interacting with a contact centre using a river metaphor. We use ﬁnite state transition machines with customised edges to depict millions of events and the states callers go through to complete their journey. We implement a range of novel features to enhance the analytical qualities of the application, and collect feedback from domain experts to analyse and evaluate the use of the software.
Nutritional Quality and Performance Evaluation of Hybrid and Open-Pollinated Maize

The value of organically produced maize (Zea mays L.) is increased as traits such as nutrient content are improved (Berzonsky, 2000). For example, maize with high methionine and lysine concentrations, both critical to egg, meat and general bird health, may have the potential to reduce at least some fraction of synthetic additives (Moore et al., 2008; Adeyemo, 2012). In most grain crops, the protein component is lower than what is needed to meet dietary requirements of humans and most other non-ruminants (Peterson, 2000). Modern maize breeding and selection for large starchy kernels may have contributed to reduced concentration of essential amino acids (Jaradat, 2013). For people in developing countries, plant products with dietary provitamin A carotenoids such as β-carotene, βcryptoxanthin, and α-carotene are the major sources of vitamin A (West and Darnton-Hill, 2008). Organically produced nutrient-quality maize (NQM) may help alleviate human malnutrition and reduce the cost of organic feed. However, even if nutritional quality valueadded traits such as protein and carotenoids are determined to be stable in a genotype, the crop must be high yielding in order to compete in the marketplace. In this study we evaluated twenty genotypes of maize to determine if there is a correlation between protein, carotenoids and yield in hybrid and open pollinated (OP) varieties. Six of the twenty genotypes were hybrids developed under a pedigree breeding program for developing parent lines for organic corn production. The breeders selected specific germplasm from open-pollinated landraces as well as elite stiff stalk cultivars for performance, short season, high carotenoid and high protein content when grown under organic conditions. This group of genotypes is labeled as High Nutrient Hybrids (HNH). Seven of the twenty genotypes are high-yielding, certified organic commercial hybrid (CH) varieties grown in Iowa, Minnesota and Wisconsin. The last seven genotypes are open-pollinated varieties (OPV) selected for either their high yielding or high nutrient (protein and/or carotenoid) potential. We examined the variation in all twenty genotypes for carotenoid content, protein, starch, oil, density and grain yield in a replicated field trial experiment. New insights involving the relationship between pedigrees and yield were made. The HNH and OPV were found to contain a significantly higher protein content than the CH. The OPV Dziekuie contains a total-beta carotene content of two times the amount than the next highest in this study. CH genotype Viking® . 90-. 91, HNH pedigree PHK05.Ngor X LH119.LH123. 11-2-2-4-2-1, and CH genotype Master Choice® 4050 hybrids performed highest for yield.
2 The Depreciation of the Brazilian Real of 2002 and the Problem of Debt Sustainabil

This paper investigates the main sources of instability in Brazil during the currency and financial distress episode of 2002. We test for financial contagion from the Argentine crisis and the impact of factors including IMF intervention and political uncertainty in raising the probability of crisis. The empirical investigation employs a Markovswitching model with endogenous transition probabilities.
Mother Perceptions and Mother-Child Interactions: Comparison of a Clinic-referred and a Nonclinic Group

The purpose of this study was to compare 40 clinic-referred conduct-disordered children and their mothers with 28 "normal" or nonclinic children and their mothers on mother behaviors, child behaviors, and mother reports of child behaviors. The study used two independent observational systems: One assessed the quantity of negative behaviors both 'in mothers and children, and the second assessed the qualitative and affective aspects of parent-child interactions. The results indicated that the two groups differed on child positive affect and dominance behaviors; on mother positive affect, submissiveness, praise, commands, and criticisms; and on maternal reports of child adjustment. Although maternal report of child:adjustment was the best discriminator between the two groups, the two observational systems provided additional information on the qualitative differences between clinic and nonclinic mother-child interactions. The implications of these findings for the assessment and treatment of conduct-disorder.
Sampled-Data Consensus Control for Nonlinear Multi-Agent Systems of Strict-Feedback Form with Application to Marine Systems

Sampled-data consensus control for nonlinear multi-agent systems of strict-feedback form is considered. By using a change of state variables and an input transformation, the discrete-time double-integrator dynamics is derived from the Euler approximate model of each agent and discrete-time consensus control laws are designed. Then by applying the nonlinear sampled-data control theory, it is shown that the designed control laws achieve sampled-data consensus for nonlinear multi-agent systems in the continuous-time semiglobally practically uniformly asymptotically stable (SPUAS) sense. As an application of the proposed design method, sampled-data consensus control for fully-actuated ships is considered.
Simultaneous estimation of amlodipine besylate and nebivolol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical tablets formulation by RP-HPLC using PDA detector

Background: The present work was undertaken with the aim to develop and validate a rapid and consistent RP-HPLC method in which the peaks will be appear with short period of time as per ICH Guidelines. Materials and Methods: The separation was achieved on a a stainless steel analytical column, Eclipse XDB plus C18 column (4.6 X 150 mm; 5 μm) in an isocratic mode. The mobile phase was composed acetonitrile and 0.01 M ammonium acetate (pH adjusted to 4.5 using glacial acetic acid), which were mixed in the ratio of 50 : 50. The flow rate was monitored at 1.0 mL/min. The wavelength selected for detection was 265 nm. Results: The retention time found for amlodipine besylate and nebivolol hydrochloride was 2.967 and 3.510 min respectively. The % recovery was 100.20- 100.86 for amlodipine and 100.20 - 100.78 for nebivolol. The linearity was established in the range of 5-25 µg/mL for amlodipine and 10-50 µg/mL for nebivolol. The slope, intercept, and correlation coefficient were found to be 314.2x, +162.4, and 0.999 for amlodipine besylate and 248x, -305.7, and 0.9998 for nebivolol hydrochloride, respectively. The limits of detection for amlodipine besylate and nebivolol hydrochloride obtained by the proposed method was 0.07 and 0.20 µg/ml and limits of quantification for amlodipine besylate and nebivolol hydrochloride obtained by the proposed method was 0.23 and 0.61 μg/mL respectively. Conclusion: The method was found to be suitable for the quality control test of amlodipine besylate and nebivolol hydrochloride simultaneously in a bulk drugs as well as in a formulations.
Staging and Testing for the Real World

Developing and testing software and configuration variants for Industrial Internet of Things applications and systems is a challenge. The systems can be physically large, and often contain hundreds or thousands of nodes, which is tough to manage in a physical lab. Testing software that will run across thousands of nodes requires the ability to automate, inspect, and control tests, but automating tests across hordes of physical machines is a challenge. These challenges can be overcome by using virtual platforms and simulations of wireless networks and the environment. This converts the difficult hardware into software simulations that can be created, configured, and controlled with ease. In this paper, we will cover the techniques for IoT system simulation and testing that we have developed and discovered over the past year, and how to build scalable testing systems. Keywords—Internet-of-Things; testing; simulation; virtualization; automation
USING DRIFT INTENSITY AS A BASIS FOR HANDLING CONCEPT DRIFT IN CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS

Concept drift is a known problem that can occur in classifier systems. Detecting and handling concept drift is an active area of research. Once a concept drift is detected, it has to be handled by updating or re-generating the classification model. In this paper, a new approach is introduced for handling concept drift, where a drift intensity measure is used to quantify the intensity of a concept drift. The model generation process uses the drift intensity measure while generating a new model. If the drift intensity is high, the model generation process discards old data (data before the drift occurrence) and builds a new model solely based on the new data after drift. On the other hand, if the drift intensity is low or moderate, the model generation process takes into account both old data and new data but it gives more weight (proportional to the drift intensity) to the new data as compared to old data.
THE VALUE OF AND ATTITUDE TOWARD SPONSORED LINKS FOR INTERNET INFORMATION SEARCHERS

A sponsored link is an innovative advertisement format that simplifies the advertising message with text forms. This study seeks to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of Internet users toward the sponsored link. The research is made up of two parts. The first part empirically tests the cause-and-effect model of the advertising values and the advertising attitudes. Four advertising characteristics are used as antecedent constructs: informativeness, entertainment, irritation and credibility. The second part of the study performs a cluster analysis according to the information search degrees of Internet users toward and how those four characteristics affect their values and attitudes vice a sponsored link. Using 711 valid replies from the survey, the Partial Least Square analysis shows that the credibility plays the most important role. The cluster analysis segregates the Internet searchers into four groups: light searchers, middle searchers, heavy searchers yet using only a few websites, and heavy searchers. Entertainment is significant for two groups and informativeness shows no importance. The research results imply that Internet users concern more on credible or trustworthy of sponsored links. Irritation generated negative attitudes so that the advertisers should avoid the possible irritating effects of sponsored links such as negative or threatening words.
Towards polymer-based organic thermoelectric generators

In response to the thread of environmental and ecological degradation along with projected fossil fuel depletion the active search for efficient renewable energy conversion technologies has been attempted in various research areas including the field of thermoelectrics. Despite the availability of considerable amounts of waste and natural heat stored in warm fluids (<250 °C) a lack of environmentally friendly materials with high natural abundance, low manufacturing cost and high thermoelectric efficiency impedes the widespread use of thermoelectric generators for energy harvesting on a large scale. In this perspective, we examine the possibility of using organic conducting polymers in thermoelectric applications. We provide an overview of the background and the key concepts of organic thermoelectrics and illustrate some of the first prototypes of polymer-based organic thermoelectric generators.
The Content of Intentions

By distinguishing between prior intentions and intentions in action, Searle has helped solve a number of difficulties confronted by the earlier versions of the causal theory of actions. Yet this distinction also raises important new issues. In particular, once a distinction is posited between two types of intentions, one must specify what the exact nature of their respective contents is and explain how the two types of intentions are connected. I suggest that in addressing those issues we could benefit from the insights provided by recent work in the cognitive neuroscience of action. I try to show how this work can help us give a more precise characterization of the content of intentions in action and bridge the gap between prior intentions and intentions in action.
Bioelectric impedance phase angle in breast carcinoma

Context: Worldwide breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life threatening cancer and the leading cause of death in women. Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) affords an emerging opportunity to assess prognosis because of its ability to non invasively assess cell and plasma membrane structure and function by means of phase angle. Aims: To compare the phase angle between patients of breast cancer and their matched control with the help of BIA. Settings and Design: After taking clearance from ethical committee, a total of 34 female cases of histologically proven infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma were included from the surgery IPD, department of surgery. Equal numbers of the matched controls were recruited from the friends and relatives of cases. Materials and Methods: Bio Electrical Impedance Analyzer (BIA) BODY STAT QUAD SCAN 4000 was used to measure resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) by recording a voltage drop in applied current. Phase angle is the ratio of reactance to resistance and is a measure of cell vitality. Statistical analysis used: Unpaired t test was applied. Results: In control group, the phase angle showed a mean of 5.479 whereas in test group, it showed a mean value of 4.726. The P value showed a significant difference (P Conclusions: This study demonstrated that phase angle is a strong predictor of severity of breast cancer and differed significantly between the two groups.
Cash transfers for maternal health : design opportunities and challenges in low-resource settings

‘A woman in labour came to the health post . I saw that she had a foot showing [a baby in breach position]. I advised her family to quickly take her to the health centre. The woman did not go right away. The family had to raise money for transportation and other costs. When she went to the health centre they told her to go to the hospital 100 km away. Finally she went to the hospital. She survived but lost her baby. ’ Bizunesh Megersa, Heath Extension worker, Chiri Kebele, Ethiopia.
Mapping the cellular mechanisms regulating atrial natriuretic peptide secretion

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are cardiac hormones, which are involved in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid homeostasis. The major determinant for ANP and BNP release are atrial and ventricular wall stretch, but also some vasoactive factors such as endothelin-1 (ET-1) can enhance cardiac hormone secretion. The mechanical stretch rapidly activates multiple signal transduction pathways in cardiac cells, but the cellular mechanisms mediating stretch-induced ANP secretion are still unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine the cellular mechanisms of autocrine/paracrine factors and stretch-induced ANP secretion. Genistein, a potent protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor, rapidly increased cardiac contractile force and ANP secretion in perfused rat heart. This effect of genistein may be unrelated to the inhibition of PTKs since this stimulation was blocked by a L-type calcium channel antagonist and Ca2+/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor. Pregnancy hormone relaxin increased heart rate and ANP secretion in perfused spontaneously beating heart, suggesting that relaxin may have a role in modulating cardiac function. Cellular mechanisms of atrial wall stretch-induced ANP secretion were also studied. This enhanced secretion was blocked by sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin and PTK inhibitor lavendustin A, indicating that thapsigargin sensitive Ca2+ pools and activation of PTK or PTK cascade have an important role in the regulation of stretchsecretion coupling. In addition, protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid accelerated stretchinduced ANP secretion, suggesting that precise balance of protein kinase and phosphatase activity plays a role in mechanical stretch-induced ANP secretion. Finally interactions of endothelial factors regulating ANP exocytosis were studied. The potent nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME increased basal and atrial wall stretch-induced ANP secretion in the presence of ET-1, suggesting that nitric oxide may tonically inhibit ANP secretion.
The Sum of the Parts

 Factor-based indexing—or “smart” beta—has gained popularity as an efficient way to access strategies that were formerly the exclusive preserve of active managers. If single-factor indices work well, it may be that two factors are better than one.  Not every combination of two factors is advantageous; the risk/return profile of the individual factors and the correlation between them are factors to consider when considering factor combinations.  Even when the risk/return profiles of factor indices are similar, factor combinations can lower tracking error and raise information ratios.  Combining factors by bolting single-factor indices together is by no means the only way to exploit multiple factors. An advantage of this combination technique is its simplicity; a drawback is that it most likely does not provide optimal factor exposure as compared with a multifactor approach at the stock level.
Growth Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus Isolated from Pistachio by Secondary Metabolites

Pistachio nut is a strategic product throughout the world, especially in Iran. There are some problems that reduce production and export of pistachios, for example, postharvest fungi, especially Aspergillus spp. , that lead to production of mycotoxins. Nowadays the use of chemical and synthetic antifungals is discouraged and reduced because of health risks to mankind and nature. In present study we investigated the antifungal activities of carvacrol and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on conidia germination and mycelial growth in Aspergillus flavus at six concentrations and two observation times (3 and 7 days after inoculum). The results indicated that these compounds could inhibit spore germination and mycelial growth completely at 12 and 2.9 μL L -1 for mycelial growth and conidia germination, respectively. In addition, the ED50 and ED95 values were determined for all treatments. It was concluded that the natural compounds examined in the present study could be used as antifungal agents against food spoilage and mycotoxin producing fungi. Further studies on natural antifungal compounds to replace chemical fungicides are required.
Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel Membranes of PLA and SA for Control Release of Penicillamine Drug

The study presents, the experimental results on the successful encapsulation of Penicillamine drug using Sodium Alginate (SA)/Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blend as controlled release (CR) polymer matrices. The Penicillaminecontaining polymer blend membranes have been prepared by changing the experimental variables such as PLA, SA and drug content by solution casting evaporation method. The membranes were characterized by swelling studies, FTIR, DSC, XRD, SEM, tensile strength measurements and in-vitro release studies. The swelling results indicated that swelling of polymer membranes decreases with the increasing the amount of PLA. However, no significant variation in swelling was observed with different amount of Penicillamine loading. The absence of chemical interactions between active ingredients and polymer was confirmed by FT-IR spectral measurements. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were performed to understand the crystalline nature of drug after encapsulation into the membranes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the surface morphology of the membranes. The in vitro studies were carried out in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at 37 o C. The results of controlled release tests showed that the amount of Penicillamine release increased with the increasing the amount of SA in the membrane. Moreover, the release rate of drug increased as the amount of drug loaded in the membranes increased. All the results indicated that the prepared membrane was potentially useful in drug delivery systems and the prolonged release rate was observed.