Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-speed supercontinuum laser absorption spectroscopy of light hydrocarbons in elevated pressures and temperatures

10 kHz near-infrared supercontinuum laser absorption spectroscopy measurements of methane (CH4) and acetylene (C2H2) were demonstrated. Measured absorption spectra were processed using the HITRAN database to infer species concentrations and temperatures. High pressure and high temperature measurements up to 10 bar and 800 K, respectively, were made in dedicated optical cells. Reacting flow field was also probed over a 6 cm flat flame burner. Due to the very short pathlength over the burner surface, a toroidal multipass reflection cell was used to maximize measurement sensitivity. The multipass cell was designed specifically to withstand high temperature environment around the flat flame burner and supported multiple beam pathlength configurations. The beam paths within the cell exist on a thin plane and were used to measure temperatures at various heights above the burner surface. Despite relatively low signal-to-noise ratio at higher temperature environments, species concentration predictions agreed well with experiment conditions. Temperature results agreed well with simulated results to within 20.2 K in the preheat zone of a methane–air flame.
Enhancing fault tolerance of wireless sensor networks by changing topology

Wireless sensor networks work by multi hop mode. The increase of intermediate forwarding nodes will bring the packet loss rate increase. In addition, a node which has fault will affect the entire link work. The average number of forwarding node influences the fault tolerance of wireless sensor networks. In order to ensure that wireless sensor networks can work smoothly and prolong the lifetime, the reducing of average number of forwarding node is necessary, namely reducing the average number of hops. The reducing of average hop number of whole network also reduces the packet loss rate and the energy consumption of nodes. The proposed algorithm in this paper cuts down the hops and improves the fault tolerance of wireless sensor networks.
A Short-term forecasting model of load demand in summer of Chongqing based on BP neural network

Based on the historical load data collected in July and August 2020 in Chongqing, and in view of the characteristics of the regional load in summer Chongqing, a new short-term load forecasting method was put forward in this paper, which is based on BP neural network and takes into account social activities and meteorological factors. The simulation results show that the proposed short-term load forecasting method can accurately realize the daily maximum load forecasting, it provides a theoretical reference for load forecasting and power resource optimization of smart grid in the future.
Handling Missing Values and Unusual Observations in Statistical Downscaling Using Kalman Filter

Rainfall forecasting model using data Global Circular Model (GCM) with Statistical Downscaling technique has a fairly high accuracy. However, missing local climate information poses a constraint in data analysis and forecasting. Missing value imputation is one solution that can be used. Kalman Filter Imputation and State Space Model Arima are imputation methods that operate recursively where there is an update of prediction values when data updates occur. This study aimed to find the best model to use for missing value imputation with small imputation errors. The results of the missing value imputation were used to obtain the best statistical downscaling model on a 3 × 3 to 12 × 12 grid. The research was conducted on the daily rainfall data of Kupang City with 17% missing values and 8% unusual data at the Eltari Meteorological observation station, Kupang city. The average daily rainfall data in East Nusa Tenggara Province were utilized as a reference for the characteristics of rainfall data at the Kupang City observation station. The best missing value imputation was obtained by using the Arima State-Space Model (2,1,1) with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.930 and the model was statistical downscaling best obtained on a grid 6 × 6 with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 1.3 % and the number of PCs 11.
Real-world antibiotic use in treating acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in China: Evidence from the ACURE study

Background: The evidence for real-world antibiotic use in treating acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is insufficient. This study aimed to investigate real-world antibiotic use in the management of AECOPD in China. Methods: All hospitalized AECOPD patients from the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease inpatient registry (ACURE) study conducted at 163 sites between January 2018 and December 2019 were screened according to the eligible criteria. The eligible study population was divided into secondary and tertiary hospital groups. Patients’ baseline characteristics, antibiotic use, and bacterial pathogen characteristics were retrieved and analyzed using SPSS 23.0. Results: A total of 1663 patients were included in the study, including 194 patients from secondary hospitals and 1469 patients from tertiary hospitals. Among the 1663 AECOPD patients enrolled, 1434 (86.2%) received antibiotic treatment, comprising approximately 85.6% and 86.3% of patients in the secondary and tertiary hospital groups, respectively. The median antibiotic therapy duration was 9.0 (interquartile range [IQR]: 7.0 - 11.0)°days. Regarding the routes of antibiotic use, 1400 (97.6%) patients received intravenous antibiotics, 18 (1.3%) patients received oral antibiotics, 15 (1.0%) patients received both intravenous and oral antibiotics, and one (0.1%) patient received both oral and nebulized antibiotic treatment. In addition, cephalosporin, penicillin, and quinolone were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics (43.6%, 37.0%, and 34.2%, respectively). In total, 990 (56.5%) patients underwent pathogen examinations; the proportion of patients receiving pathogen examinations in the second hospital group was significantly lower than that in the tertiary hospital group (46.4% vs 61.3%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that an antibiotic overuse may exist in the treatment of AECOPD in China. Measures should be taken to prevent the overuse of antibiotics and potential antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Chinese AECOPD patients.
Isolation, Structure, and Partial Synthesis of an Active Constituent of Hashish

strongly solvated than triple ions,lb-5 the difference being greater for cations of smaller radii, leading to a trend to smaller K with decreasing cationic radii. Both effects, in opposite directions, should operate in solution. The directions of the effects can be similarly rationalized if ionic association is incomplete, but the arguments are slightly more complex. The quantitative measurements were spectrophotometric. Figure 1 gives the forms of the spectra of stilbene, stilbene-, and stilbene-2 in tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and 1,2-dime thoxye thane. By suitable choices of solvent, metal ion, and amount of metal allowed to react with the stilbene, extinction coefficients for all three species could be directly determined. These appeared to be rather insensitive to solvent variation. K was calculated directly from the equilibrium expression and was sensibly constant for a given solvent and metal ion. The concentrations of hydrocarbons and ions employed in these experiments ranged about 1()-4 M. All experiments were done at
Consideration of health literacy in implementation science

© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Association for Clinical and Translational Science. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Consideration of health literacy in implementation science
Discrete Cosine Transformation Based Approach for Offline Handwritten Character and Numeral Recognition

Handwritten Character Recognition (HCR) of Indic scripts is one of the most challenging as compared other scripts. Recognition of handwritten character is more difficult one as compares with the printed one due to their similar structure and orientation. To have a proper recognition system for handwritten characters various researchers have adapted various methods and still yet to have more feasibility and high recognition rate to achieve. Here in this proposed work we have completely focused on handwritten characters and numerals of various scripts of different regions of India such as Bengali, Odia scripts. To have a proper solution for the ambiguities that arises in handwritten one and which has been resolved using the Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) as feature extraction part. This transformed based featured is used to calculated GLCM values of each images of handwritten numerals and characters. To maintain the novelty of the work in simulation part we have listed up variance nature of the individual’s images. Subsequently we have also harnessed the SVM, Neural Network, and Quadratic Classifier over dataset to report the recognition rate. After validating the proposed work, we can conclude that adopted model is quite helpful in building the automatic recognition system for both handwritten character and numerals to have solution for real time problems.
Asymmetric Cation stoichiometry in Spinels : Site occupancy in Co$_{2}$ZnO$_{4}$ and Rh$_{2}$ZnO$_{4}$

Two cations $A$ and $B$ in ${A}_{2}B{\text{O}}_{4}$ spinels appear in precise 2:1 Daltonian ratio (``line compounds'') only at very low temperature. More typically, at finite temperature, they tend to become either $A$ rich or $B$ rich. Here we survey the experimentally observed stoichiometry asymmetries and describe the first-principles framework for calculating these. Defect calculations based on first principles are used to calculate the enthalpies of substitution of $A$ atom $\ensuremath{\Delta}H({A}_{{\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{d}}}$) and $B$ atom $\ensuremath{\Delta}H({B}_{{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{h}}}$) and determine their site occupancies leading to (non)-stoichiometry. In Co${}_{2}$ZnO${}_{4}$, the result of the calculation for site occupancy compares well with that measured via anomalous x-ray diffraction. Further, the calculated phase boundary also compares well with that measured via Rietveld refinement of x-ray diffraction data on bulk ceramic sintered samples of Co${}_{2}$ZnO${}_{4}$ and Rh${}_{2}$ZnO${}_{4}$. These results show that Co${}_{2}$ZnO${}_{4}$ is heavily Co nonstoichiometric above 500 ${}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$C, whereas Rh${}_{2}$ZnO${}_{4}$ is slightly Zn nonstoichiometric. We found that, in general, the calculated $\ensuremath{\Delta}H({A}_{{\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{d}}}$) is smaller than $\ensuremath{\Delta}H({B}_{{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{h}}}$), if the $A$-rich competing phase is isostructural with the ${A}_{2}B$O${}_{4}$ host, for example, ${A}_{2}A{\text{O}}_{4}$, whereas $B$-rich competing phase is not, for example, $B$O. This observation is used to qualitatively explain nonstoichiometry and solid solutions observed in other spinels.
THE INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF REMITTANCES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INEQUALITY IN WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES

Hardly any studies have investigated the impact of migrant remittances on economic growth (EG) and inequality in the Western Balkans as a whole (WB6). Using the method of instrumental variables (VI), the findings show that while remittances influence economic growth, their inflow also promotes a high level of migration and absorbs a large workforce by influencing the labor market and encouraging uncontrolled individual relocation. This paper also reveals that although remittances have eased income inequalities the share of remittances in a country’s economy has declined over the years. After testing for the endogeneity of remittances and controlling for various variables, the results indicate that migrant workers’ remittances do not provide strong support for economic growth and inequality. For the sample average, a 1-percent rise in the share of remittances in the economy (i.e., to GDP) will lead to a 0.10-percent rise in the economic cycle i.e. GDP growth, respectively will lead to a 0.05-percent drop in the share of people living in inequality. The findings also show that the interactive effect of remittances and foreign direct investment is lower on economic growth and inequality than the individual effect of each factor.
Graphene Dispersion and Exfoliation in Low Boiling Point Solvents

One of the problems with solvent exfoliation of graphene is that the best solvents tend to have high boiling points and so are difficult to remove and can present problems for flake deposition and composite formation. Here, we demonstrate the exfoliation of graphene at relatively high concentration in low boiling point solvents such as chloroform and isopropanol. It is possible to achieve concentrations of up to 0.5 mg/mL, just under half that which can be achieved with high boiling point solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone. These dispersions consist of graphene flakes of ∼1 μm length and with a thickness of less than 10 layers (≤5 layers for isopropanol). For both solvents, >75% of the graphene remains dispersed indefinitely. Raman spectroscopy shows the flakes to be relatively defect-free. A significant advantage of low boiling point solvents is that they allow individual flakes to be spray cast onto substrates. Deposited densities of >10 flakes with length >1 μm per 10 μm × 10 μm square have been con.
Abstraindo o OpenMP no Desenvolvimento de Aplicações de Fluxo de Dados Contínuo

Resumo. OpenMP é complexo quando usado para desenvolver aplicações de fluxo de dados. Com o objetivo de mitigar essa dificuldade, foi utilizada uma metodologia existente, chamada SPar, para aumentar o nível de abstração. Portanto, foram utilizadas anotações mais alto-nível da SPar para gerar código mais baixo-nível de fluxo de dados com OpenMP. Os experimentos revelaram que a SPar teve desempenho 0,86% inferior no caso mais extremo.
Transaction Costs in Option Pricing: An Extension Model

This paper is divided into two parts. First, we consider a modified version of the Black-Scholes option pricing model which takes transaction costs into consideration by combining knowledge of Brownian Motion and Ito Process with mathematical tools of calculus, probability theory and mathematical statistics. Further, the solution of the model illustrates that introducing transaction costs greatly alters the levels of volatility. In part two, this paper illustrates plots of the result of the modified model by using python and empirical analysis by using R. It is found that the frequency of transaction volume adjustments and the ratio of transaction costs to call and put option results exhibit opposite behaviours in plots of result. What’s more, in empirical analysis, the modified model also gives a better simulation compared to original B-S model. Finally, further issues related to transaction costs are discussed.
Enhancing Micronutrients Bioavailability through Fermentation of Plant-Based Foods: A Concise Review

Plant-based foods are rich sources of vitamins and essential micronutrients. For the proper functioning of the human body and their crucial role, trace minerals (iron, zinc, magnesium, manganese, etc.) are required in appropriate amounts. Cereals and pulses are the chief sources of these trace minerals. Despite these minerals, adequate consumption of plant foods cannot fulfill the human body’s total nutrient requirement. Plant foods also contain ample amounts of anti-nutritional factors such as phytate, tannins, phenols, oxalates, etc. These factors can compromise the bioavailability of several essential micronutrients in plant foods. However, literature reports show that fermentation and related processing methods can improve nutrient and mineral bioavailability of plant foods. In this review, studies related to fermentation methods that can be used to improve micronutrient bioavailability in plant foods are discussed.
Code-mixed sentiment analysis of Indonesian language and Javanese language using Lexicon based approach

Nowadays mixing one language with another language either in spoken or written communication has become a common practice for bilingual speakers in daily conversation as well as in social media. Lexicon based approach is one of the approaches in extracting the sentiment analysis. This study is aimed to compare two lexicon models which are SentiNetWord and VADER in extracting the polarity of the code-mixed sentences in Indonesian language and Javanese language. 3,963 tweets were gathered from two accounts that provide code-mixed tweets. Pre-processing such as removing duplicates, translating to English, filter special characters, transform lower case and filter stop words were conducted on the tweets. Positive and negative word score from lexicon model was then calculated using simple mathematic formula in order to classify the polarity. By comparing with the manual labelling, the result showed that SentiNetWord perform better than VADER in negative sentiments. However, both of the lexicon model did not perform well in neutral and positive sentiments. On overall performance, VADER showed better performance than SentiNetWord. This study showed that the reason for the misclassified was that most of Indonesian language and Javanese language consist of words that were considered as positive in both Lexicon model.
Trophic ecology and foraging areas of cetaceans sampled in the coastal waters of south-eastern Brazil assessed through skin δ13C and δ15N

Abstract We investigated the habitat use and feeding ecology of 10 cetacean species encountered along the south-eastern coast of Brazil (24–26°S) using carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotopes. Hierarchical cluster analysis distinguished two main groups based on their isotopic patterns. One group included migratory baleen whales (Megaptera novaeangliae and Eubalaena australis) with the lowest δ13C and δ15N values, reflecting baseline isotopic values of their Subantarctic feeding grounds and consumption of lower trophic level prey. Resident species and those occasionally occurring in Brazilian coastal waters highly differed from the migratory whales in their isotopic values. In this group, Tursiops truncatus had the highest δ13C and δ15N values, indicating coastal habits and relatively higher trophic position. Similar δ13C values were observed in Sotalia guianensis, Pontoporia blainvillei, Orcinus orca and Steno bredanensis. However, the former two species had lower δ15N values than the latter two, indicating different trophic positions. The relatively lower δ13C values observed in Stenella frontalis suggest greater influence of pelagic prey in their diet. Furthermore, the lower δ13C values observed in Delphinus delphis and Balaenoptera edeni were associated with upwelling events that occur along the region, affecting the isotopic values of their main prey. Juvenile M. novaeangliae had higher δ13C and δ15N than the adults, which may indicate feeding in areas with different isoscapes and consumption of pelagic schooling fish with relatively higher trophic levels than krill. This study provides preliminary information that are useful to understand the habitat use and coexistence of cetacean species occurring in south-eastern Brazil.
Lexicon Based Sentiment Data Creation Technique for Product Protection (SDTCPP)

- The market is pounded with the same hazardous material to users, specifically skin and healthcare. It also affects people both in terms of their health and economy. This makes it necessary to monitor products from user opinions for its protection from duplicates. Online users have increased rapidly and share their opinions on occasions, brands, individuals, products, and events occurring across the world. Millions of users participate in SNSs (Social Networking Sites) like Facebook, Twitters, Instagram and WhatsApp etc. Product reviews in public forums like SNSs can provide early clues on such duplicates in terms of allergies or adversities while using them. SA (Sentiment Analysis) can play a significant role in such surveillances. This paper proposes a framework for reviewing experiences in cosmetics in skincare using the Amazon reviews dataset. The proposed technique is based on safety lexicons which are trained for classifications from user sentiments.
Struvite recovery from solution containing phosphate(V) and sulphate(VI) ions

Abstract The research results concerning the application of magnesium and ammonium ions for continuous removal of phosphate(V) ions from solution containing 1.0 or 0.20 mass% of PO43– and from 0.10 to 0.50 mass% of SO42– are presented. A continuous struvite MgNH4PO4 × 6H2O reaction crystallization process was carried out both under stoichiometric conditions and using 20% excess of magnesium ions. The research was conducted in a DT MSMPR type crystallizer with internal circulation of suspension driven by a propeller stirrer, in constant temperature 298 K. The pH varied from 9 to 11 and mean residence time of suspension in a crystallizer τ varied from 900 to 3600 s. It was concluded, that sulphate(VI) ions influenced product quality disadvantageously. Depending on process parameter combinations struvite crystals of mean size from ca. 18 to ca. 44 μm and of moderate homogeneity: CV 7–95% were produced. Presence of sulphate(VI) ions favored crystallization of struvite as prismatic crystals, but tubular forms were also identified. The best shaped struvite crystals were produced at relatively low concentration of sulphate(VI) ions, pH 9 and for mean residence time of suspension in a crystallizer elongated up to 3600 s.
A Large-Core Microstructure Optical Fiber for Co-Transmission of Signal and Power

A microstructure optical fiber (MOF) for co-transmission of signal and power is manufactured to provide power for remote antenna units (RAUs) and make the deployment of central stations fast and flexible. For a high laser damage threshold and a great refractive index difference, the MOF we proposed has a large core and an air ring in cladding pattern with regular holes. To realize high-quality signal transmission and flexible deployment, the MOF is made of pure silica. In this case, material dispersion, nonlinearity effects and bending loss can be restrained. Above all, the MOF with a high optical local capability and multiband optical transmission could be fabricated easily by traditional stack drawing method. Specifically, fiber loss is 2.26 dB/km at 976 nm and 1.44 dB/km at 1550 nm, acquired by the cut-back method. When the MOF was connected to a communication system with a 64-level quadrature amplitude modulation (64-QAM) 4 GHz frequency signal, an error vector magnitude (EVM) of 0.89% to 1.07% was obtained by the receiver. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time a MOF has achieved co-transmission of signal and power. This work strongly suggests that MOF is applicable for the deployment of communication central station and emergency communication system in the future.
Dynamical evolution in a one-dimensional incommensurate lattice with 
PT
 symmetry

We investigate the dynamical evolution of a parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetric extension of Aubry-Andr\'{e} (AA) model which exhibits the coincidence of localization-delocalization transition point with $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry breaking point. One can apply the evolution of the profile of the wave packet and the long-time survival probability to distinguish the localization regimes in $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetric AA model. The results of the mean displacement show that when the system is in the $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry unbroken regime, the wave packet spreading is ballistic which is different from that in $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry broken regime. Furthermore, we discuss the distinctive features of the Loschmidt echo with the post-quench parameter being localized in different $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetric regimes.