Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parental Differential Treatment Of Siblings And Sibling Differences In Intelligence

The current study examined whether IQ differences between older and younger siblings related to the differences in parent-child relations. The Sample consisted of 291 two-child families. Mean age of the fathers 45.53, SD= 5.25, range: 35–61; mothers 43.20, SD= 4.27, range: 33–54. Intrapair age differences between siblings were not more, than 6 years. The age of the older sibling was 11–23 (M= 18.03, SD= 2.29): of the younger sibling 7–18 (M= 14.50, SD= 2.40). Mothers and fathers of siblings were asked to complete the 60-item Questionnaire of Child-Parent relationship, which was designed to assess 10 descriptive scales and 5 factor scales. Intelligence of siblings was assessed in 83 families through normalized scores of Wechsler tests (WISC or WAIS–III). The general factor of parent-child relations (GFR) was assessed as the unrotated first principal factor in the item-based and scale-based factor analysis. GFR is defined by the factors of parent-child relations connected with satisfaction – dissatisfaction with the relationship, acceptance – rejection of the child, and the degree of emotional closeness and trust. A positive GFR score means that the parents are generally satisfied with their relationship with their child and consider it well-balanced and free of conflict. When plotting siblings’ verbal, performance, and general intelligence against GFR scores, no significant correlation was observed. Differential treatment by fathers and, to a lesser degree, by mothers, reveals a small significant correlation with the IQ differences between siblings.
Thermodynamics : An Engineering Approach

Basic concepts of thermodynamics properties of pure substances the first law of thermodynamics - closed systems, control volumes the second law of thermodynamics entropy - a measure of disorder energy - a measure of work potential gas power cycles vapour and combined power cycles refrigeration cycles thermodynamics property gas mixtures gas vapour mixtures and air conditioning chemical reactions chemical and phase equilibrium thermodynamics of high-speed fluid flow property tables and charts (SI units, English units) about the software.
Should different countries participating in PISA interpret socioeconomic background in the same way? A measurement invariance approach

It has been claimed that there is a lack of theory-driven constructs and a lack of crosscountry comparability in International Large-Scale Assessment (ILSA)’s socio-economic background scales. To address these issues, a new socio-economic background scale was created based on Pierre Bourdieu’s cultural reproduction theory, which distinguishes economic, cultural and social capital. Secondly, measurement invariance of this construct was tested across countries participating in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). After dividing the countries which participated in PISA 2015 into three groups, i.e., Latin American, European, and Asian, a Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis was carried out in order to examine the measurement invariance of this new socio-economic scale. The results of this study revealed that this questionnaire, which measures the socio-economic background, was not found to be utterly invariant in the analysis involving all countries. However, when analysing more homogenous groups, measurement invariance was verified at the metric level, except for the group of Latin American countries. Further, implications for policymakers and recommendations for future studies are discussed.
EFLs Identity Growth toward EIL: A Case Study in Indonesia

Abstract: This study determined the English teachers and the students’ identity toward teaching and learning English as an international language (EIL). Here we adapted the model of three distinct White Identity orientations to EFL identity orientations by Howard, G. R. (1999). The author has designated white identity into fundamentalist, integrationist, and transformationist orientation. This study used of a qualitative case study in one of senior high school with English teachers and 2 grades in Indonesia by seeing their discourse as talk: classroom talk and teachers’ and students’ talk in the actual classroom and interview. Based on the results, EFLs identity was growing in some orientations. It was showed that they were fundamentalist in term of supremacy Standard English and inferiority Nonstandard English. But, the other case is they had an understanding the reality of English variations nowadays. Moreover, the results interestingly showed that they were in transformationist EFL identity when they were involved in global issue, nations, and cultures. It seemed that they were facing contradict orientation identity within themselves. Through these findings, it is very important to move forward the EFL identity of fundamentalist to integrationist and then be more transformationist EFLs. Implications and suggestions would be discussed in this study. Keywords: English as an International Language (EIL), English Language Teaching, World Englises, English Foreign Language Identity Orientation. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pertumbuhan identitas guru bahasa Inggris dan siswa terhadap pengajaran dan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa internasional (EIL). Di sini kami mengadaptasi model tiga pertumbuhan orientasi White Identity ke orientasi identitas EFL oleh Howard, G. R. (1999). Penulis telah menetapkan identitas kulit putih ke dalam orientasi fundamentalis, integrasionis, dan transformasionis. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus kualitatif di salah satu sekolah menengah atas dengan satu guru bahasa Inggris dan dua kelas di Indonesia dengan melalui wacana mereka sebagai pembicaraan: pembicaraan kelas dan pembicaraan guru dan siswa di aktual kelas dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil, identitas EFL tumbuh dalam beberapa orientasi. Terlihat bahwa mereka fundamentalis dalam hal supremasi Bahasa Inggris Standar dan inferioritas Bahasa Inggris Nonstandar. Tapi, kasus lain adalah mereka memiliki pemahaman tentang realitas variasi bahasa Inggris saat ini. Terlebih lagi, hasil yang menarik menunjukkan bahwa mereka berada dalam identitas EFL transformasionis ketika mereka terlibat dalam isu global, negara, dan budaya. Tampaknya mereka menghadapi identitas orientasi yang kontradiktif dalam diri mereka. Melalui temuan-temuan ini, sangat penting untuk memajukan identitas EFL dari fundamentalis ke integrasionis dan kemudian menjadi EFL yang lebih transformatif. Implikasi dan saran akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Kata kunci: Bahasa Inggris sebagai Bahasa Internasional (EIL), Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris, World Englises, Orientasi Identitas Bahasa Asing Bahasa Inggris.
Monopoly-Market-based Cooperation in Cognitive Radio Networks

In a cognitive radio network (CRN), the primary users (PUs) do not operate their spectra, full time. Thus, they can sell them to the secondary users (SUs), for a second use, during the free time slots. In this article, we assume that the market is perfect, monopolized by a single PU, and all players are rational. After formulating the PU’s profit, we established a necessary and sufficient condition that guarantees the introduction of the PU into the market. In addition, the expressions of the SUs’ profits, showed us that in non-cooperative form, some ones got zero profit, even after maximizing their profits. Therefore, we have considered to study the effect of cooperation on the profits of this category of SUs. By following this step, we established a cooperation strategy, to avoid zero profits for all SUs. In order to analyze the impact of this cooperation on the PU, we have expressed the profits of the PU in the cooperative and non-cooperative forms; as result, we found that the cooperation between SUs brought better than the non-cooperative form.
Measurement of the peritumoral edema and tumor volume ratio in differentiating malignant primary and metastatic brain tumor

Malignant primary and metastatic brain tumors are group of malignancies radiologically difficult to distinguish between one another. Meanwhile, the treatment regimens between the two entities are very different. The right regimen can maintain patient’s survival. MRI is the modality of choice for diagnosing brain tumors; although, malignant primary brain tumors and solitary metastases appear similar on conventional MRI. The difference in the pathophysiology of peritumoral edema in malignant primary and metastatic brain tumors has the potential for differentiation of the two entities. In malignant primary brain tumors, tumor cell infiltration occurs in the edema area, meaning that the peritumoral edema is narrower than that of the metastases. This study analyzed the ratio of peritumoral edema volume to tumor (EP/T volume ratio) in malignant primary and metastatic brain tumors by means of MRI examination with a cross-sectional design, using MRI data on FLAIR and T1WI sequences with contrast in malignant brain tumor of patients that have been pathologically proven. Then, volume contouring was performed on peritumoral edema (EP) and tumor (T), and comparation was done to obtain the EP/T volume ratio. The ratio of EP/T volume data in both groups was analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test with the SPSS 22 software. The results of statistical analysis revealed that the EP/T volume ratio of the malignant primary brain tumor group was smaller with a median value (max-min) of 1.1 (5.650.17) and in the metastatic group, 2.3 (64.03-0.09). There was a significant difference in the EP/T volume ratio between the two groups, which the brain metastatic tumor group have a double ratio of EP/T with a value of p=0.008 (p<0.05).
Frequency-Domain Characteristics of Series DC Arcs in Photovoltaic Systems with Voltage-Source Inverters

In this study, the frequency characteristics of series DC arcs are analyzed according to the types of frequency fluctuations caused by inverters in photovoltaic (PV) systems. These frequency fluctuation types used in analysis include centralized frequency fluctuations by three-phase inverter, spread frequency fluctuations by three-phase inverter, and centralized frequency fluctuations by single-phase inverter. To collect arc current data, the frequency fluctuations are generated by inverters in the arc-generating circuit, designed by referring to UL1699B, and the arcs are generated by separating the arc rods of the arc generator. The frequency analysis of the arc current data, collected using an oscilloscope, is conducted using MATLAB. From the results of the frequency characteristics analysis, it is confirmed that the frequencies in the range from 5 to 40 kHz increase after arc generation regardless of the type of frequency fluctuation. In addition, the smaller the current, the greater the increase in frequencies between 5 and 40 kHz after arc generation. Further, in case of arc currents with centralized frequency fluctuations, for larger switching frequencies, the 5 to 40 kHz components increase to a greater extent after arcing.
Low Rank Sample Reconstruction-Based Semi-supervised Feature Subspace Learning

Feature subspaces have been widely applied in image classification. However, majority conventional subspace learning models are supervised ， the data containing only partial labeled samples will lead to unsatisfactory classification results in practical applications. To address this problem, in this paper, we design a graph semi-supervised feature subspace model named low rank sample reconstruction-based semi-supervised feature subspace learning, which combines graph-based semi-supervised learning and low lank sample reconstruction into a unified framework. The proposed model implementing low rank constraint on representation coefficient, exploits the graph-based label propagation algorithm to predict the unlabeled labels to obtain the labels of all samples. The experimental results demonstrate that the robustness and the classification efficiency of our model.
EFFECT OF MASTITIS ON MILK PRODUCTION IN DAIRY COWS IN KENYA

Purpose: Mastitis is an inflammatory disease condition of udder affecting milk production negatively and having a serious impact on the economy of dairy enterprises. It is considered to be the most costly disease of dairy animals and losses mainly occur through discarded milk, reduction in milk yield, premature culling of animals and replacements. It is usually caused due to the effects of infection by bacterial or mycotic pathogens. Pathological changes to milksecreting epithelial cells due to the inflammatory processes often bring about a decrease in functional capacity. The general objective of the study is establish the effect of mastitis on milk production in dairy cows in Kenya Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study found out that mastitis significantly affect milk production and leads to losses due to discarded abnormal milk and withheld milk from cows treated with antibiotic. There is also lack of information on the economic impact of the disease in the majority of developing countries; lack of awareness among farmers concerning sub-clinical mastitis and the importance of udder health; and lack of specific national programmes to control mastitis in the majority of countries. Recommendations: The study recommends that government should create awareness, management and control measures to be developed for education at farmers’ level as udder health, hygiene and nutrition play an important role in the control of mastitis. The best practices for reducing the incidence of mastitis like teat dip after milking; not allowing the cows to sit for 30 minutes after milking should be propagated widely among the farming community through mass media. The government should provide provision adequate funds and infrastructure required to undertake research in this direction.
Diagnosis performance assessment of the secondary protection for a 68‐bus power system

This article concerns the assessment of diagnosis performance of a recently developed secondary protection (SP) applied to the IEEE 16‐machine 68‐bus test system subject to primary protection (PP) misoperations on transmission short circuit faults. A PP may fail to trip or falsely trip a line. Such PP misoperations have been known to be a main culprit of modern day blackouts. The function of the SP is to take a timely corrective action before a misoperation causes instability through on‐line diagnosis and stability assessment. Its feasibility hinges on the effective utilization of networked advanced digital relays. We have recently built a full set of diagnosis filters with sensor‐localized dynamic transmission circuit models representative of all anticipated line contingencies in the 68‐bus system and computed the postfault stability regions for the contingencies. The sensor‐localized circuit partition drastically reduces the processing and communication complexity of diagnosis. This work evaluates the diagnosis performance of the SP's multiple‐model filters (MMF) using hybrid simulations driven by both randomly generated discrete events of PP misoperations and the governing dynamics of rotor angles of the 16 interconnected synchronous generators. Of the 1000 independent replications of simulation conditioned on each type of randomly generated misoperations, a 98% correct diagnosis rate is achieved. Each diagnosis conclusion is reached by the SP's MMF scheme within a few tens of a millisecond from the onset of a PP misoperation following a random transmission short circuit fault. This suggests that the SP can circumvent a large percentage of potential blackouts cost‐effectively.
Hydrodynamic simulation of submarine far field flow

A computational study on assessing the flow from a generic fully appended DARPA SUBOFF submarine model is reported. In this study, we conduct Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulation at ReL = 1.0× 106 , based on free stream velocity and the length of the hull. Care has been taken to eliminate confinement effects due to the computational domain and to capture essential flow features with sufficient grid resolution. The flow in the vicinity of the model is validated against the available data from the literature as a baseline case. The length of the simulated domain is relatively long allowing us to investigate the wake generated and its associated turbulence statistics up to 36 submarine diameters downstream of the model. We have found that the mean streamwise velocity approaches selfsimilarity and a power-law relationship that characterises the wake can be obtained. The turbulent kinetic energy, however, continues to evolve long into the wake, despite this there is a strong trend towards self-similarity that has not previously been observed in experiments or simulations of such a model.
THE EFFECT OF SALT STRESS ON ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES' ACTIVITY AND LIPID PEROXIDATION ON THE WHEAT SEEDLING

Salt stress as a major adverse factor can lower leaf water potential, leading to reduced turgor and some other responses, and ultimately lower crop productivity in arid and semi arid zones. Wheat is one of the main crops occupying a large area in Iran, where salt stress is the most limiting factor. Clearly, plant salt stress tolerance requires the activation of complex metabolic activities including antioxidative pathways, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS) and scavenging systems within the cells which can contribute to continued growth under water stress. In the work reported in this paper, the seeds of two local wheat cultivars (Alvand and Sardari) were grown hydroponically. Seedlings were subjected to Hoagland's solution as control, and 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCl for 10 days. As a result, SOD (superoxide dismutase) increased in Sardari with the increase of salt stress, while in the case of Alvand, SOD showed constant activity at all salt stress levels. Meanwhile, CAT and GR exhibited the same trends in the two cultivars of wheat in salt stress conditions. Results indicated that in the case of Sardari, the scavenging of ROS by the scavenging system especially by SOD, CAT and GR was done well and damage to membranes or MDA was controlled. But in the case of Alvand, damage to membranes increased with the rise of stress levels. It can be concluded that all three antioxidant enzymes were limiting factors for this cultivar. Also these reasons led to the sensitivity of Alvand to salt stress.
Predictive Capacity of ACEF Score to Detect All-Cause Mortality and Post Contrast Acute Kidney Injury Among PCI Patients

@ Nepalese Heart Journal. Nepalese Heart Journal retain copyright and works is simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License CC – By 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledge of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal Parag Karki1,2, Arun Maskey2, Birat Krishna Timalsena1,2, Samir Kumar Poudel1,2, Binayak Gautam1, Shambhu Pant3, Lee Budhathoki3
Interaction Law for a Collision Between Two Solid Particles in a Viscous Liquid

This thesis addresses the problem of inter-particle collisions in a viscous liquid. Experimental measurements were made on normal and oblique collisions between identical and dissimilar pairs of solid spheres. The experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that the normal and the tangential component of motions are decoupled during a rapid collision. The relative particle motion in the normal direction is crucial to an immersed collision process and can be characterized by an effective coefficient of restitution and a binary Stokes number. The effective coefficient of restitution monotonically decreases with a diminishing binary Stokes number, indicating a particle motion with less inertia and higher hindering fluid forces. The correlation between the two parameters exhibits a similar trend to what is observed in a sphere-wall collision, which motivates a theoretical modeling. The collision model developed in the current work includes a flow model and a revised rebound scheme. The flow model considers the steady viscous drag, the added mass force, and the history force. How the presence of a second nearby solid boundary affects these forces is investigated. A flow model is proposed with wall-correction terms and is used to predict an immersed pendulum motion toward a solid wall. General agreement with the available experimental data validates the model. The rebound scheme considers the magnitude of the surface roughness and the minimum distance of approach resuling from an elastohydrodynamic contact. The performance of the collision model in predicting the effective coefficient of restitution is evaluated through comparisons with experimental measurements and an existing elastohydrodynamic collision model that the current work is based on. Based on the current experimental findings, the tangential component of motion can be described by a dry collision model, provided that the material parameters are properly modified for the interstitial liquid. Two pertinent parameters are the normal effective coefficient of restitution and an effective friction coefficient.
MPC-Based Motion-Cueing Algorithm for a 6-DOF Driving Simulator with Actuator Constraints

Driving simulators are widely used for understanding human–machine interaction, driver behavior and in driver training. The effectiveness of simulators in this process depends largely on their ability to generate realistic motion cues. Though the conventional filter-based motion-cueing strategies have provided reasonable results, these methods suffer from poor workspace management. To address this issue, linear MPC-based strategies have been applied in the past. However, since the kinematics of the motion platform itself is nonlinear and the required motion varies with the driving conditions, this approach tends to produce sub-optimal results. This paper presents a nonlinear MPC-based algorithm which incorporates the nonlinear kinematics of the Stewart platform within the MPC algorithm in order to increase the cueing fidelity and use maximum workspace. Furthermore, adaptive weights-based tuning is used to smooth the movement of the platform towards its physical limits. Full-track simulations were carried out and performance indicators were defined to objectively compare the response of the proposed algorithm with classical washout filter and linear MPC-based algorithms. The results indicate a better reference tracking with lower root mean square error and higher shape correlation for the proposed algorithm. Lastly, the effect of the adaptive weights-based tuning was also observed in the form of smoother actuator movements and better workspace use.
Green Management Practices at Travel Agents in Egypt: Perception and Adoption

This study was carried out to investigate to what extent travel agents in Egypt implement green management practices, study their perception on the outcomes of going green, and explore their opinions on the obstacles which may affect the adoption of green management in the tourism business. A total of valid 402 questionnaires from travel agents in Egypt are analyzed. The results revealed that travel agents have a positive perception concerning the outcomes of adopting green practices, as well as the obstacles to its implementation in the tourism business. Findings showed that there is a huge gap between their perception and practices. Almost all travel agents do not have a membership at any environmental organization/association, visions that respect the environment, budget designated for supporting green practices, and organized low-carbon tour packages. Also, travel agents in Egypt implement several green practices in internal management, but they rarely adopt green practices in their tour packages. It was concluded that the green indicator's performance of the travel agents in Egypt is very bad, so managers need to interpret their positive perception of green management practices to their policies, strategies, action plans, tour packages, and everyday business practices.