Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal expansion and phase transitions of Cd3As2 and Zn3As2

The lattice parameters of Cd3As2 and Zn3As2 at various temperatures between 23 and 700°C have been measured using a single crystal X-ray diffractometer. The phase transitions of both compounds have been investigated in detail. It is shown that the transition α α′ goes on rather slowly and the existence of an intermediate phase is suspected. The transition α′ α″ in Cd3As2 goes very quickly with a small thermal hysteresis. As a result of this transition the fourfould axis of the tetragonal cell changes its orientation, which occasionaly causes twinning. The crystal structure of the high temperature β-phase has been corroborated. Die Gitterparameter von Cd3As2 und Zn3As2 wurden bei verschiedenen Temperaturen zwischen 23 und 700°C mit einem Einkristell-Rontgenstrahlendiffraktiometer gemessen. Die Phasenubergange beider Verbindungen wurden ausfuhrlich untersuch. Es wird gezeigt, das der Ubergang α α′ ziemlich langsam verlauft, und die Existenz einer Zwischenphase wird vermutet. Der Ubergang α′ α″ in Cd3As2 verlaft sehr abrupt mit einer kleinen thermischen Hysterse. Als Ergebnis dieses Uberganges andert die vierzahlige Achse der tetragonalen Zelle ihre Richtung, was wahrscheinlich Zwillingsbildung verursacht. Die Kristallstruktur der Hochtemperatur-β-Phase wird ebenfalls bestimmt.
Characteristics of disturbance in frequency 9-150 kHz and harmonic distortion of the on-grid rooftop photovoltaic system for resistive and inductive load

Direct current (DC) electricity generated from photovoltaic (PV) needs to be converted into alternating current (AC) using an inverter so that it could be combined with electricity from the grid. However, the inverter could distort the AC waveform in the form of harmonics and disturbance in the frequency range of 9-150 kHz caused by its switching characteristics which could reduce power quality, disrupt the power line communication (PLC) system, or other electronic equipment connected in the same network. This study investigated the characteristics of the disturbances in the frequency range of 9-150 kHz generated by the on-grid rooftop PV system and observed the correlation with harmonic distortion. There were three types of load used in this study, i.e. pure resistive loads, pure inductive loads, and combination of resistive-inductive loads. The measurements were carried out using an oscilloscope to obtain a time-domain signal, which later processed by Matlab using FFT to see its frequency response, and power quality analyzer to see its harmonic distortion. The results show that each type of load has different relationship characteristics between disturbance and harmonic distortion.
Size and alloying induced changes in lattice constant, core, and valance band binding energy in Pd-Ag, Pd, and Ag nanoparticles: Effect of in-flight sintering temperature

In the present study, we report the growth of size selected Pd, Ag, and Pd-Ag alloy nanoparticles by an integrated method comprising of the gas phase synthesis, electrical mobility size selection, and in-flight sintering steps. Effect of temperature during in-flight sintering on nanoparticle size, crystal structure, and electronic properties has been studied. XRD studies show lattice expansion in Pd and Ag nanoparticles and lattice contraction in Pd-Ag alloy nanoparticles on increasing the sintering temperatures. In case of Pd and Ag nanoparticles, size induced changes in lattice constants are consistent with the changes in the binding energy positions with respect to bulk values. In case of Pd-Ag alloy nanoparticles, change in nanoparticle size and composition on sintering affect the lattice constant and binding energy positions. Large changes in Pd4d valance band centroid in Pd-Ag nanoparticles are due to size and alloying effects. The results of this study are important for understanding the correlatio.
Racemization kinetics of free and protein-bound lysinoalanine (LAL) in strong acid media. Isomeric composition of bound LAL in processed proteins

The racemization kinetics of free and protein-bound lysinoalanine (LAL) in deuterated hydrochloric acid was determined by measuring the deuterium incorporation in LL- and LD-LAL diastereomers by GC/MS, and a method was developed to determine LAL isomeric composition in processed proteins. The method includes a limited acid hydrolysis of the samples in 6 N DCl, thus avoiding the complete racemization of LAL residues, and the measurement of unlabeled and labeled LAL isomer distributions. A range of heated or alkali-treated proteins of plant or animal origin were analyzed. All samples contained LL- and LD-LAL in similar amounts with, however, a significant stereoselectivity in favor of LD-LAL in samples subjected to moderate processing conditions (low temperature, short time, or low alkaline pH). A minimum relative concentration of ca. 40% was found for LL-LAL in the least-treated proteins. Computer modeling indicated a possible difference in the heats of formation between LL- and LD-LAL isomers which could explain the observed asymmetric distributions. The presence of both LAL isomers in similar proportions in all proteins indicates that the postulated two-step mechanism for LAL formation applies for both cyst(e)ine and serine-phosphate as precursors.
conferenceseries.iop.org materials science and engineering open access proceedings IOP Conferences Series: Materials Science and Engineering

This paper deals with synthesizing zeolite A and P using kaolinite as starting material and zeolite HS from smectite. A specific hydrothermal reactor, (allowing the control pH>9, temperature and a continuous stirring of the sample in the NaOH solution) was used to achieve these syntheses. Zeolites A and P were synthesized using respectively a well crystallised kaolinite (KTM), a poorly crystallised kaolinite (KGa2) and metakaolinites derived from them by heating kaolinites at 500°C and 900°C. Zeolite HS was synthesized using a 2:1 clay mineral (SWy). The synthesis is obtained by reacting heated-smectite at 900°C with NaOH solution at T=120°C and pH >9. HS was formed from the 6 day in the optimal conditions of crystallization corresponding to 120°C and pH=9. The intermediate phases and final products were characterized by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution Si and Al MAS NMR spectroscopy.
AWARENESS, KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ABOUT DENGUE AMONG SOCIETY

Objective: The survey about dengue was carried out to gather the information about dengue fever, create awareness among the people. To determined the index of knowledge, attitude and awareness among the surveyed population about dengue. Methods: The questionnaire was prepared under the guidance of a pharmacologist. Pilot study was conducted among ten nos. of the population prior actual study. Questionnaire was revised and finalized according to an input of the pilot study. This questionnaire presented to the hundred peoples of different age group. Method involves face to face interview and seeking answers for different questions. Responses were recorded for further analysis and interpretation. Responses were sorted and analyzed. Different questions were categorized into the domain of awareness, knowledge and attitude. Data was presented in the form of graphs. Results: Percentage of awareness, knowledge and attitude found to be 59, 44, 52 respectively. It is observed that three parameters are almost in the range of fifty percent. Precautions plays vital role in prevention of Dengue. Conclusion: it is concluded that there is scope for improvement for creating awareness, knowledge and attitude among the surveyed population as representative of the general population. This may help to overcome the risk of this communicable and deadly disease.
A Hot Blob Eastward of New Zealand in December 2019

A hot blob for near-surface water was identified eastward of New Zealand in the South Pacific in December 2019, which was the second strongest event on record in this region. Its sea surface temperature anomalies reached up to 5 °C, and the anomalous warming penetrated around 40 m deep vertically. From the atmospheric perspective, the anomalous high-pressure system from the surface up to 300 hPa lasted for about 50 days, accompanied by the blocking pattern at 500 hPa and a deep warming air column extending downward to the surface. A mixed-layer heat budget analysis revealed that the surface heat flux term was the primary factor contributing to the development of this hot blob, with more shortwave radiation due to the persistent high-pressure system and lack of clouds as well as higher temperature of the troposphere aloft denoted by sensible heat. The oceanic contribution including the horizontal advection and vertical entrainment was changeable and accounted for less than 50%. Moreover, we used the strongest hot blob event which peaked in December 2001 as another example to evaluate the robustness of results derived from the 2019 case. The results show similar circulation features and driving factors, which indicate the robustness of the above characteristics.
Laser-Induced Size Reduction of Noble Metal Particles

Irradiation of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm to gold particles of less than 50 nm in aqueous solution was found to cause the shape change and size reduction of the particles. Typically, the nonspherical gold particles between 20 and 50 nm in diameter disappeared, whereas the number of gold particles of spherical shape less than 10 nm increased. The size reduction ceased after 5 min irradiation. The maximum diameter in the size distribution decreased to ca. 10 nm when the laser fluence was increased up to nearly 800 mJ cm-2. The temperature of the gold particles was estimated from the absorbed laser energy by the particles and was found to rise as high as the boiling point of gold; these results were supported by the measurements of the blackbody radiation from the particles. The shape change and size reduction are considered to occur through melting and vaporization of the gold particles. The high temperature, which causes melting and vaporization, is a result of the strong absorption of the laser energ.
Gastrointestinal function in critical illness—a complex interplay between the nervous and enteroendocrine systems

Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction affects 40-80% of critically ill children and is associated with morbidity and mortality. GI function, specifically GI motility, is dependent on a complex interplay between the extrinsic and intrinsic nervous systems and the endocrine system. During critical illness the coordinated actions of these systems are disrupted resulting in GI dysmotility. The extrinsic parasympathetic nervous system is inhibited, thereby directly and indirectly contributing to GI dysmotility, whereas the sympathetic nervous system is upregulated. The enteric nervous system (ENS) is altered by local inflammatory and altered extrinsic nervous system signaling and the enteroendocrine system is dysregulated with variable upand down-regulation of different GI hormones. Current approaches to diagnose GI motility at the bedside are primarily based on clinical assessments, which can be unreliable. Application of modalities such as ultrasound or serum biomarkers are promising diagnostic tools and may provide real-time guidance on GI motility for critically ill patients. Treatments for GI dysmotility remain limited, though research on the pathophysiology of GI dysmotility is guiding the development of novel therapies such as targeted GI hormone therapeutics to treat GI dysmotility. In this review, we present an overview of the physiology of GI motility during health and critical illness, the currently available modalities to diagnose GI motility in critical illness and available therapies. Understanding the role of the nervous and endocrine systems on GI dysmotility in critical illness will guide innovations in clinical practice and research, thereby advancing the diagnostic and therapeutic alternatives for this condition.
Metagenomics Analysis Reveals an Extraordinary Inner Bacterial Diversity in Anisakids (Nematoda: Anisakidae) L3 Larvae

L3 larvae of anisakid nematodes are an important problem for the fisheries industry and pose a potential risk for human health by acting as infectious agents causing allergies and as potential vectors of pathogens and microrganisms. In spite of the close bacteria–nematode relationship very little is known of the anisakids microbiota. Fresh fish could be contaminated by bacteria vectored in the cuticle or in the intestine of anisakids when the L3 larvae migrate through the muscles. As a consequence, the bacterial inoculum will be spread, with potential effects on the quality of the fish, and possible clinical effects cannot be discarded. A total of 2,689,113 16S rRNA gene sequences from a total of 113 L3 individuals obtained from fish captured along the FAO 27 fishing area were studied. Bacteria were taxonomically characterized through 1803 representative operational taxonomic units (OTUs) sequences. Fourteen phyla, 31 classes, 52 orders, 129 families and 187 genera were unambiguously identified. We have found as part of microbiome an average of 123 OTUs per L3 individual. Diversity indices (Shannon and Simpson) indicate an extraordinary diversity of bacteria at an OTU level. There are clusters of anisakids individuals (samples) defined by the associated bacteria which, however, are not significantly related to fish hosts or anisakid taxa. This suggests that association or relationship among bacteria in anisakids, exists without the influence of fishes or nematodes. The lack of relationships with hosts of anisakids taxa has to be expressed by the association among bacterial OTUs or other taxonomical levels which range from OTUs to the phylum level. There are significant biological structural associations of microbiota in anisakid nematodes which manifest in clusters of bacteria ranging from phylum to genus level, which could also be an indicator of fish contamination or the geographic zone of fish capture. Actinobacteria, Aquificae, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria are the phyla whose abundance value discriminate for defining such structures.
Nitrogen Fertilizer and Herbicide Transport from Tile Drained Fields

Offsite transport of N fertilizers and pesticides through subterranean drainage pipes (tiles) has been linked to surface water contamination in the U.S. Corn Belt. This study was conducted from water years 1995 to 1997 to evaluate N export from two tile systems (Tiles A and B) in adjacent fields [in seed corn-soybean rotation (Zea mays L.-Glycine max (L.) Merr. )] in response to timing and form of N application. In addition, during the 1997 water year, concentrations of two herbicides were determined on grab samples to relate tile herbicide losses with field application rates. During the 1995 and 1996 water years, Tile A exported approximately 20% more N per unit area than Tile B; however, during the 1997 water year, Tile A exported nearly 70% more N. This result was partly caused by the leaching of 142 kg of NH 4 + -N following a winter application of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 fertilizer in the drainage area of Tile A. The fertilizer was applied on top of 10 cm of snow, and within 4 d, a series of afternoon melting events began. We hypothesize that increased tile flow rates were caused by rapid infiltration of melt water through partially frozen soil (Drummer silty clay loam, fine-silty, mixed mesic Typic Haplaquolls) that allowed the NH 4 + ion to bypass the soil matrix (cone reached 278 mg NH 4 + -N L -1 ). The incidence of elevated concentrations of N fertilizer and herbicides in tiles during high flow events following agrichemical application indicated rapid water transport via preferential flow paths, thereby limiting the contact of these solutes with the soil.
Social Aspects in the Assessment of Biobased Value Chains

Social Life-Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) is under continuous development. The Methodological Sheets for Subcategories in S-LCA are a set of guidelines commonly used for the performance of such assessments. They cover a variety of stakeholders and subcategories for the social assessment of products in general. However, they may not necessarily be appropriate for the assessment of biobased value chains of agricultural and forestry origin. The aim of this study is the identification of social aspects relevant for the assessment of biobased value chains across various regions of the world, including those aspects possibly overlooked in the Methodological Sheets for Subcategories in S-LCA. For this purpose, a literature review of empirical studies was performed using the sheets as a reference. The results show that the Methodological Sheets for Subcategories in S-LCA provide good coverage of social topics relevant for biobased value chains, but that the stakeholders “smallholder” and “family farm” are not adequately addressed. Drawing on the empirical literature reviewed, the study emphasizes the relevance of these stakeholders in the analysis of biobased value chains of agricultural and forestry origin, and proposes criteria for consideration in the assessment of this stakeholder.
Financing sport post-COVID-19: using Modern Monetary Theory (MMT) to help make a case for economic recovery through spending on sport and recreation

ABSTRACT This commentary aims to explore the challenges of financing sport in light of the economic and health questions posed by the COVID-19 outbreak. Governments will have to spend large sums of public money to stimulate recovery; therefore, it is asked: how should sport and recreation spending be part of recovery plans? The case of the Montreal Olympics debt and deficit disaster is re-examined. It is argued that if the federal government (a currency issuer) underwrote the games many of the issues that followed may have been avoided. Therefore, this commentary challenges sport and leisure scholars to think about how sport and recreation could be part of the solution when fiscal policy is becoming the preferred antidote to the social and economic consequences of the Coronavirus pandemic.
Increasing Utilization of Redundant Virtual Array for DOA Estimation Based on Coprime Array

In this paper, we initiated a method to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of far-field, narrowband, and incoherent targets using coprime array. First, we proposed a coprime array structure and analysed the distribution of difference coarray (DCA). The degrees of freedom (DOF) of the proposed coprime array became clearer by referring to the DCA conception. However, previous algorithm only uses the continuous virtual array, which causes the virtual array elements in the repeated position being abandoned. Therefore, the paper analyses the distribution of virtual array based on DCA conception and averages the receiving signal on these redundant virtual array elements to increase the utilization of receiving data. As a result, the algorithm has high precision in parameter estimation. Simulation results have shown the superiority of the proposed algorithm.
Divergent climate feedbacks in the growing period and the dormancy period to 
sowing date shift of winter wheat in the North China Plain

Abstract. The land cover and management changes have strong feedbacks to climate through surface biophysical and biochemical processes. Agricultural phenology dynamic exerted measurable impacts on land surface properties, biophysical process and climate feedback in particular times at local/regional scale. But the responses of climate feedback through surface biophysical process to sowing date shift in the winter wheat ecosystem have been overlooked, especially at winter dormancy period. Considering the large cultivation area, unique surface property and phenology shift of winter wheat in the North China Plain, we first validated the SiBcrop model. Then, we used it to investigate the dynamics of leaf area index (LAI) and canopy temperature (Tc) under two planting date scenarios (Early Sowing: EP; Late Sowing: LP) of winter wheat at 10 selected stations. Finally, the surface energy budget was analyzed and interpreted. The results showed that the SiBcrop with a modified crop phenology scheme better simulated the seasonal dynamic of LAI, Tc, phenology, and surface heat fluxes. Earlier sowing date had higher LAI with earlier development than later sowing date. But the response of Tc to sowing date exhibited opposite patterns during the dormancy and active growth periods: EP led to higher Tc (0.05 K) than LP in the dormancy period and lower Tc (−0.2 K) in the growth period. The highest difference (0.6 K) between EP and LP happened at the time when wheat was sown in EP but wasn't in LP. The higher LAI captured more net radiation with lower surface albedo for warming, whist surface energy partitioning exerted cooling effect. The relative contributions of albedo-radiative process and partitioning-non-radiative process determined the climate effect of sowing date shift. The spatial pattern of the climate response to sowing date was influence by precipitation and air temperature. The study highlight that the climate effects of the sowing date shift in winter dormancy period are worthy of attention.
Computer simulation of the dynamics of highly entangled star polymers

A computer model for the simulation of the dynamics of highly entangled polymers, previously used to study the behaviour of linear chains, is adapted to examine the behaviour of star polymers. It is shown that the relaxation time of the star molecule Ts∝N4, where N is the number of segments in the chain, and the diffusion constant of the whole chain Ds∝N–3. Experimental work by several authors on the viscosity of star-branched polystyrene is shown to be in reasonable agreement with this molecular weight dependence of the relaxation time. The assumption that the mid-point of the star molecule is effectively fixed while the arms relax, which is the basis of recent theoretical models predicting η∝ exp (aN), where η is the viscosity and a is a constant, is shown to be erroneous.
Use of indwelling pleural catheters for patients with hematological malignancies and malignant pleural effusions

Abstract RATIONALE: Malignant Pleural Effusions (MPE) are a known complication of hematological malignancies and can lead to dyspnea, impaired quality of life and hospitalization. Patients with hematological malignancies are often immunocompromised due to immunosuppressive chemotherapy or disease process itself. There is often hesitancy with the use of indwelling pleural catheters in this population due to the concern of infection. OBJECTIVE Our study examines this risk of infection and other complications associated with the use of indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) in a Canadian cohort of patients with hematological malignancy. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from a pleural disease clinic at a tertiary-care center in Ottawa, Canada between 2006 and 2015. All patients who had an IPC inserted for the management of a symptomatic MPE due to a hematological malignancy (lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma) were included. RESULTS Eighty-one patients were included in the cohort. Five patients (6%) had an infectious complication related to their IPC with no attributable deaths from an IPC. Most patients (81%) had symptomatic relief following IPC insertion. The median time to IPC removal was 51 days (IQR 28 − 116 days) in the 58% of patients who had their IPC removed. Patients with lymphoma had the highest likelihood of catheter removal. CONCLUSIONS The use of IPCs in patients with hematological malignancies is generally safe with an acceptable risk of infection given the clinical benefit. Definitive management of rapidly re-accumulating and symptomatic MPEs with an IPC can be considered for palliation of dyspnea in patients with hematological malignancy.