Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, INDEPENDENSI, DAN PROFESIONALISME AUDITOR INTERNAL DALAM MENCEGAH KECURANGAN PADA BPR DI KABUPATEN BADUNG

This research aimed to determine the effect of competence, independence and professionalism of internal auditors in preventing fraud. The theory used in this research is Theory Of Reasoned Actio and Theory Of Planned Behavior. The population in this study is the internal auditor BPR. This study uses non-probability sampling with saturated sampling. These samples were taken from all members of the population that is as much as 52 BPR. The Collected data using by questionnaires. The data analysis technique used in this research is multiple linear regression. The results of this research showed that the competence of the internal auditor, internal auditor independence and professionalism of the internal auditor of the positive effect on fraud in the BPR in Badung.
An efficient community-centric IPTV deployment model for developing regions

IPTV deployment and service provisioning in developed regions is undergoing consolidation and maturity. The main challenge to operators in these markets is finding strategic business partnerships to enable them to provide compelling value propositions to subscribers, and grow their market share. In contrast, potential IPTV deployment in developing regions faces numerous challenges, mainly due to the ICT environment in these regions. It is characterized by low broadband penetration, lack of infrastructure, low per capita income and difficult regulatory climates. The main challenge, therefore, is to develop an efficient and high impact IPTV deployment model which can be sustained in such an environment. It has to be informed by specific input factors which are unique to these regions. This will ensure greater alignment with the target market, affordability, and rapid technology adoption. Further, IPTV in these regions must be deployed as a driver for ICT adoption.
A Sensitive Aβ Oligomer Assay Discriminates Alzheimer's and Aged Control Cerebrospinal Fluid

A hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain is the amyloid β (Aβ) plaque, which is comprised of Aβ peptides. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that Aβ oligomers are more toxic than other peptide forms. We sought to develop a robust assay to quantify oligomers from CSF. Antibody 19.3 was compared in one-site and competitive ELISAs for oligomer binding specificity. A two-site ELISA for oligomers was developed using 19.3 coupled to a sensitive, bead-based fluorescent platform able to detect single photons of emitted light. The two-site ELISA was >2500× selective for Aβ oligomers over Aβ monomers with a limit of detection ∼0.09 pg/ml in human CSF. The lower limit of reliable quantification of the assay was 0.18 pg/ml and the antibody pairs recognized Aβ multimers comprised of either synthetic standards, or endogenous oligomers isolated from confirmed human AD and healthy control brain. Using the assay, a significant 3- to 5-fold increase in Aβ oligomers in human AD CSF compared with comparably aged controls was demonstrated. The increase was seen in three separate human cohorts, totaling 63 AD and 54 controls. CSF oligomers ranged between 0.1 and 10 pg/ml. Aβ oligomer levels did not strongly associate with age or gender, but had an inverse correlation with MMSE score. The C statistic for the Aβ oligomer ROC curve was 0.86, with 80% sensitivity and 88% specificity to detect AD, suggesting reasonable discriminatory power for the AD state and the potential for utility as a diagnostic marker.
Adiponectin Stimulates Proliferation of Adult Hippocampal Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells through Activation of p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (p38MAPK)/Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK-3β)/β-Catenin Signaling Cascade*

Background: The role of adiponectin in adult hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cell regulation is unknown. Results: Adiponectin stimulates proliferation of hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells in vitro and activates the p38MAPK/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusion: Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is positively regulated by adiponectin. Significance: Adiponectin may alleviate neuropsychiatric disorders that involve impaired neurogenesis. Adiponectin is the most abundant adipokine secreted from adipocytes. Accumulating evidence suggests that the physiological roles of adiponectin go beyond its metabolic effects. In the present study, we demonstrate that adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) are expressed in adult hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells (hNSCs). Adiponectin treatment increases proliferation of cultured adult hNSCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner, whereas apoptosis and differentiation of adult hNSCs into neuronal or glial lineage were not affected. Adiponectin activates AMP-activated protein kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) signaling pathways in adult hNSCs. Pretreatment with the p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580, but not the AMP-activated protein kinase inhibitor Compound C, attenuates adiponectin-induced cell proliferation. Moreover, adiponectin induces phosphorylation of Ser-389, a key inhibitory site of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), and this effect can be blocked by inhibition of p38MAPK with SB203580. Levels of total and nuclear β-catenin, the primary substrate of GSK-3β, were increased by adiponectin treatment. These results indicate that adiponectin stimulates proliferation of adult hNSCs, via acting on GSK-3β to promote nuclear accumulation of β-catenin. Thus, our studies uncover a novel role for adiponectin signaling in regulating proliferation of adult neural stem cells.
The Impact of Liberalization and Environmental Policy on the Financial Returns of European Energy Utilities

Abstract European energy utilities face a range of policy induced challenges that are materially affecting their financial returns. Accordingly, in this paper we examine the impact of liberalization, energy efficiency, renewable energy, and security of supply legislation on European energy utilities’ returns between 1996 and 2013. We implement an event study portfolio analysis using a comprehensive list of major regulatory changes, the largest utility sample to date, and a novel asset pricing model that controls for sector-level stock-market, term premium, and commodity risk factors. The results show EU policies that focus on liberalization and energy efficiency have a significant negative impact on the energy sector’s financial returns. This reflects changes in the fundamental risk-reward trade-off of European energy utilities and investors’ recognition of the economic impact of EU legislations on the sector. Contrary to assertions by the financial press, renewable energy objectives have no significant impact on returns at sector-level; the impact is mostly concentrated on the natural gas utilities. Our results highlight a tension between liberalization and environmental objectives, negatively impacting the sector’s ability to raise the estimated $2.2 trillion investment capital needed to ensure reliable and increasingly environmentally-friendly energy supply.
University-industry collaboration and open source software (OSS) dataset in mining software repositories (MSR) research

Mining Software Repositories (MSR) is an applied and practise-oriented field aimed at solving real problems encountered by practitioners and bringing value to Industry. We believe that empirical studies on both Open Source Software (OSS) and Closed or Proprietary Source (CSS/PSS) is required in MSR research to increase generalizability or transferability of findings and reduce external (or threats) validity concerns. Furthermore, we believe that a collaboration between University and Industry is must or important in achieving the stated goals and agenda of MSR research (such as deployment and technology transfer). We analyse past five years of research papers published in MSR series of conferences (2010-2014) and count the number of studies using solely OSS data or solely CSS data or both OSS and CSS data. We also count the number of papers published by authors solely from Universities, solely from Industry and from both University and Industry. We present our findings which indicate lack of University-Industry collaboration (measured using co-authorship in scientific publications) and paucity of empirical studies on CSS/PSS data. Our analysis reveals that out of 187 studies over a period of 5 years, 90:9% studies are conducted solely on OSS dataset. We present our findings which indicate that only 14:43% of the studies involve a University-Industry collaboration.
Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia enhancement of cisplatin chemotherapy cancer treatment

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the therapeutic effect of magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (mNPH) combined with systemic cisplatin chemotherapy in a murine mammary adenocarcinoma model (MTGB). Materials and methods: An alternating magnetic field (35.8 kA/m at 165 kHz) was used to activate 110 nm hydroxyethyl starch-coated magnetic nanoparticles (mNP) to a thermal dose of 60 min at 43 °C. Intratumoral mNP were delivered at 7.5 mg of Fe/cm3 of tumour (four equal tumour quadrants). Intraperitoneal cisplatin at 5 mg/kg body weight was administered 1 h prior to mNPH. Tumour regrowth delay time was used to assess the treatment efficacy. Results: mNP hyperthermia, combined with cisplatin, was 1.7 times more effective than mNP hyperthermia alone and 1.4 times more effective than cisplatin alone (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that mNP hyperthermia can result in a safe and significant therapeutic enhancement for cisplatin cancer therapy.
Randomized comparison of reduced fat and reduced carbohydrate hypocaloric diets on intrahepatic fat in overweight and obese human subjects

Obesity‐related hepatic steatosis is a major risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Fat reduced hypocaloric diets are able to relieve the liver from ectopically stored lipids. We hypothesized that the widely used low carbohydrate hypocaloric diets are similarly effective in this regard. A total of 170 overweight and obese, otherwise healthy subjects were randomized to either reduced carbohydrate (n = 84) or reduced fat (n = 86), total energy restricted diet (−30% of energy intake before diet) for 6 months. Body composition was estimated by bioimpedance analyses and abdominal fat distribution by magnetic resonance tomography. Subjects were also submitted to fat spectroscopy of liver and oral glucose tolerance testing. In all, 102 subjects completed the diet intervention with measurements of intrahepatic lipid content. Both hypocaloric diets decreased body weight, total body fat, visceral fat, and intrahepatic lipid content. Subjects with high baseline intrahepatic lipids (>5.56%) lost ≈7‐fold more intrahepatic lipids compared with those with low baseline values (<5.56%) irrespective of diet composition. In contrast, changes in visceral fat mass and insulin sensitivity were similar between subgroups, with low and high baseline intrahepatic lipids. Conclusion: A prolonged hypocaloric diet low in carbohydrates and high in fat has the same beneficial effects on intrahepatic lipid accumulation as the traditional low‐fat hypocaloric diet. The decrease in intrahepatic lipids appears to be independent of visceral fat loss and is not tightly coupled with changes in whole body insulin sensitivity during 6 months of an energy restricted diet. (HEPATOLOGY 2011)
PENGUJIAN PECKING ORDER THEORY: ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRUKTUR MODAL INDUSTRI MANUFAKTUR DI BEI PERIODE SETELAH KRISIS MONETER

The purpose of this research is to find out the influence of profitability, liquidity, asset structure, growth, company size and bussines risk on the capital structure decision of manufacturing industries in Indonesia for after moneter crisis period. The data are collected from 122 manufacture companies that are listed in Indonesian Capital Stock Exchange. The sample is selected based on purposive sampling method for 2006-2007. The two years data are pooled and then analyzed by multiple linear regression, t test. The result of this research shows that profitability and liquidity are negative effect and significant to leverage ratio which correspond well to the explanations of pecking order theory. While a significant positive relation is detected for company size. However, no meaningfull relation are found out between asset structure, growth, bussines risk to leverage ratio. Keywords: pecking order theory , capital structure and leverage ratio
Glycerol hyperhydration in resting horses.

SUMMARY To determine whether administration of glycerol-containing solutions induces a state of transient hyperhydration in resting euhydrated horses, changes in plasma and urine constituents were measured in four horses for 1 h before and 5 h after nasogastric administration of each of four treatments (Experiment 1). Treatments were applied in a randomized fashion and included: (1) 1.0 g.kg(-)(1)glycerol in 8 L of water (G); (2) 8 L of water (W); (3) 8 L of 0.9% NaCl solution (S); and (4) 1.0 g.kg(-)(1)glycerol in 8 L of 0.9% NaCl solution (GS). In a subsequent study, voluntary water intake was measured hourly for 5 h after nasogastric administration of each treatment (Experiment 2). All treatments produced mild plasma volume expansion ranging from 3.2 to 5.8% in Experiment 1. Administration of glycerol containing solutions increased serum glycerol concentration approximately 100-fold and plasma osmolality (P(osm)) by approximately 10 mOsm/kg and resulted in a tendency towards increased renal water conservation despite increased osmole excretion. In contrast, W treatment decreased plasma and urine osmolality and was accompanied by increased urine production and decreased renal water conservation. Plasma and urine osmolality, as well as renal osmole and water excretion, were unchanged after S administration. In Experiment 2, horses treated with GS voluntarily drank an additional 5.2 +/- 0.9 L of water during the initial hour following nasogastric administration of 8 L of solution. Voluntary water intake with the other treatments was less than 1.0 L for the entire 5 h observation period. Collectively, the results of both experiments suggest that administration of glycerol in saline would produce transient hyperhydration in resting euhydrated horses by enhancing renal water conservation and stimulating voluntary water intake.
Vegetation patches increase wind-blown litter accumulation in a semi-arid steppe of northern China

Litter decomposition is an important source of soil organic matter and nutrients; however, few studies have explored how vegetation patches affect wind-driven litter mobility and accumulation. In this study, we aimed to test the following hypotheses: (1) vegetation patches can reduce litter removal and facilitate litter accumulation, (2) litter mobility results in the heterogeneous redistribution of carbon and nutrients over the land surface, and (3) litter removal rates differ among different litter types (e.g., leaf and stem). Four vegetation patch types and six litter types were used to investigate the impacts of vegetation patches on litter mobility and accumulation. The results show that compared with almost bare ground patches, patches with vegetation cover had significantly higher litter accumulation, with the shrub patch type having the highest accumulation amount. The rate of litter removal due to wind was highest for the almost bare surface type (P4) and lowest for the shrub patch (P1) and Stipa grandis community (P2) types. There were significant differences in the removal rate among the different litter types. These findings indicate that wind-based litter redistribution among bare, S. grandis-dominated, and shrub-dominated patches is at least partially responsible for increasing the spatial heterogeneity of resources on a landscape scale.
Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in early and stable phase of the disease: Long‐term results of a randomized trial

Abstract: In 1982 the IGCI CLL cooperative group decided to investigate the usefulness of treating, at diagnosis B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in early and stable phase of the disease. From January 1982 to December 1986, 148 patients were randomized either to receive immediate treatment with chlorambucil (CLB) or to defer therapy to the time of progression. The early and stable phase of the disease was defined by a total tumor mass (TTM) score < 9, the absence of anemia or thrombocytopenia and a doubling time > 12 months. The main end‐point of the study was survival. At the last evaluation in April 1993, after a median follow‐up of 75 months, no significant difference was found in overall survival between early vs. deferred treatment patients from every cause of death as well as from death due to CLL‐related causes only. The same results were obtained when the patients in more favorable stages, such as Binet stage A and TTM < 4.5, were considered. Interestingly, the incidence of epithelial cancer was similar in the two groups. Early treatment was associated with a significantly better response and a lower progression rate. From this long‐term experience, it can be concluded that immediate chemotherapy with CLB is not beneficial for CLL patients in early and stable phase of the disease in terms of survival.
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 VP22 Regulates Translocation of Multiple Viral and Cellular Proteins and Promotes Neurovirulence

ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) protein VP22, encoded by the UL49 gene, is a major virion tegument protein. In the present study, we showed that VP22 was required for efficient redistribution of viral proteins VP16, VP26, ICP0, ICP4, and ICP27 and of cellular protein Hsc-70 to the cytoplasm of infected cells. We found that two dileucine motifs in VP22, at amino acids 235 and 236 and amino acids 251 and 252, were necessary for VP22 regulation of the proper cytoplasmic localization of these viral and cellular proteins. The dileucine motifs were also required for proper cytoplasmic localization of VP22 itself and for optimal expression of viral proteins VP16, VP22, ICP0, UL41, and glycoprotein B. Interestingly, a recombinant mutant virus with alanines substituted for the dileucines at amino acids 251 and 252 had a 50% lethal dose (LD50) for neurovirulence in mice following intracerebral inoculation about 103-fold lower than the LD50 of the repaired virus. Furthermore, the replication and spread of this mutant virus in the brains of mice following intracerebral inoculation were significantly impaired relative to those of the repaired virus. The ability of VP22 to regulate the localization and expression of various viral and cellular proteins, as shown in this study, was correlated with an increase in viral replication and neurovirulence in the experimental murine model. Thus, HSV-1 VP22 is a significant neurovirulence factor in vivo.
‘Carrots for Corporate Sustainability’: Impacts of Incentive Inclusiveness and Variety on Environmental Performance

In this paper we explore the role that managerial incentives play in improving corporate environmental performance, finding that greater inclusiveness of incentive beneficiaries and greater variety of incentive types are important factors in firms' incentive schemes. Drawing on a large dataset of multinational enterprises, our results suggest that including more beneficiaries from different levels within the corporate hierarchy and offering both monetary and nonâ€ monetary rewards are generally more likely to lead to reductions in corporate greenhouse gas emissions. Developing two principles of incentive design, inclusiveness and variety, and the conceptualization of patterns of these in organizations as configurations of incentives, our research contributes substantially to normative advice regarding the relative effectiveness of alternative systems of environmental incentives. Such an understanding of the potential of incentives is critical to informing how firms address complex problems such as sustainability in the context of increasingly extended organizational hierarchies and designs. Copyright Â© 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Clustering of metabolic risk factors is associated with high-normal levels of liver enzymes among 6- to 8-year-old children: the PANIC study.

BACKGROUND We studied the associations of clustering of metabolic risk factors with plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in healthy prepubertal children. METHODS The subjects were a representative population sample of 492 children 6-8 years of age. We assessed body fat percentage (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glucose, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, ALT, GGT, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and calculated a continuous metabolic syndrome score variable. We also used factor analysis to examine whether high-normal liver enzymes are a feature of metabolic syndrome among children. RESULTS Children with overweight or obesity, defined by International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria, had a 2.1-times higher risk of having ALT and a 4.5-times higher risk of having GGT in the highest fifth of its distribution than normal weight children. Children in the highest sex-specific third of metabolic syndrome score, body fat percentage, waist circumference, and insulin had a two to three times higher risk of being in the highest fifth of ALT and GGT. Moreover, children in the highest third of glucose and hsCRP had a 2.5-fold risk of being in the highest fifth of GGT. First-order factor analysis yielded three factors; the first included insulin, glucose, and triglycerides; the second waist circumference, insulin, GGT, and hsCRP; and the third HDL-C, triglycerides, waist circumference, and insulin. Second-order factor analysis yielded a single metabolic syndrome factor, explaining 64.1% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS Clustering of metabolic risk factors, particularly excess body fat, is associated with high-normal levels of ALT and GGT in prepubertal children. High-normal levels of liver enzymes, especially GGT, and systemic low-grade inflammation could be considered features of metabolic syndrome among children. Subtle changes in liver function may play an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome beginning in childhood.
Childhood trauma, dissociation, and psychiatric comorbidity in patients with conversion disorder.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate dissociative disorder and overall psychiatric comorbidity in patients with conversion disorder. METHOD Thirty-eight consecutive patients previously diagnosed with conversion disorder were evaluated in two follow-up interviews. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, the Dissociation Questionnaire, the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were administered during the first follow-up interview. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders was conducted in a separate evaluation. RESULTS At least one psychiatric diagnosis was found in 89.5% of the patients during the follow-up evaluation. Undifferentiated somatoform disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, dysthymic disorder, simple phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depression, and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified were the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. A dissociative disorder was seen in 47.4% of the patients. These patients had dysthymic disorder, major depression, somatization disorder, and borderline personality disorder more frequently than the remaining subjects. They also reported childhood emotional and sexual abuse, physical neglect, self-mutilative behavior, and suicide attempts more frequently. CONCLUSIONS Comorbid dissociative disorder should alert clinicians for a more chronic and severe psychopathology among patients with conversion disorder.