Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physiological Characteristics and GABA Production of Lactobacillus acidophilus RMK567 Isolated from Raw Milk

In order to develop a new starter for fermented milk, 2082 bacteria were isolated from raw milk. The strain that showed excellent acid forming and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production (711.40 µg/g D.W) characteristics after incubation at 37 o C for 18 hr was selected and identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus by the result of API carbohydrate fermentation pattern and 16S rDNA sequence. L. acidophilus RMK567 was investigated for its physiological characteristics. RMK67 strain showed good GABA production compared with commercial lactic acid bacteria. The optimum growth temperature of L. acidophilus RMK567 was 40 o C and cultures took 15 hr to reach pH 4.3. L. acidophilus RMK567 showed higher sensitivity to penicillin-G, novobiocin, as compared to other 14 different antibiotics. However, it showed more resistance to kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin. It showed higher leucine arylamidase and β-galactosidase activities compared to 16 other enzymes. It was comparatively tolerant to bile juice and able to survive at pH 2 for 3 hr. It showed resistence to Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus with rates of 29.2%, 39.1% and 51.4%, respectively. Based on these and previous results, L. acidophilus RMK567 could be an excellent starter culture for fermented milk with excellent GABA contents.
Fish Oil Enriched Intravenous Lipid Emulsions Reduce Triglyceride Levels in Non-Critically Ill Patients with TPN and Type 2 Diabetes. A Post-Hoc Analysis of the INSUPAR Study

There are no studies that have specifically assessed the role of intravenous lipid emulsions (ILE) enriched with fish oil in people with diabetes receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The objective of this study was to assess the metabolic control (glycemic and lipid) and in-hospital complications that occurred in non-critically ill inpatients with TPN and type 2 diabetes with regard to the use of fish oil emulsions compared with other ILEs. We performed a post-hoc analysis of the Insulin in Parenteral Nutrition (INSUPAR) trial that included patients who started with TPN for any cause and that would predictably continue with TPN for at least five days. The study included 161 patients who started with TPN for any cause. There were 80 patients (49.7%) on fish oil enriched ILEs and 81 patients (50.3%) on other ILEs. We found significant decreases in triglyceride levels in the fish oil group compared to the other patients. We did not find any differences in glucose metabolic control: mean capillary glucose, glycemic variability, and insulin dose, except in the number of mild hypoglycemic events that was significantly higher in the fish oil group. We did not observe any differences in other metabolic, liver or infectious complications, in-hospital length of stay or mortality.
Evaluation of folate receptor‐mediated tumor detection as a triage tool in cervical cancer screening

To evaluate the efficacy of folate receptor‐mediated tumor detection (FRD) for identifying high‐grade intraepithelial squamous lesions (HSIL) in the triage of women who are positive for human papillomavirus (HPV), and those with cytology findings of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS).
Molecular mechanisms of biomineralization in marine invertebrates

ABSTRACT Much recent marine research has been directed towards understanding the effects of anthropogenic-induced environmental change on marine biodiversity, particularly for those animals with heavily calcified exoskeletons, such as corals, molluscs and urchins. This is because life in our oceans is becoming more challenging for these animals with changes in temperature, pH and salinity. In the future, it will be more energetically expensive to make marine skeletons and the increasingly corrosive conditions in seawater are expected to result in the dissolution of these external skeletons. However, initial predictions of wide-scale sensitivity are changing as we understand more about the mechanisms underpinning skeletal production (biomineralization). These studies demonstrate the complexity of calcification pathways and the cellular responses of animals to these altered conditions. Factors including parental conditioning, phenotypic plasticity and epigenetics can significantly impact the production of skeletons and thus future population success. This understanding is paralleled by an increase in our knowledge of the genes and proteins involved in biomineralization, particularly in some phyla, such as urchins, molluscs and corals. This Review will provide a broad overview of our current understanding of the factors affecting skeletal production in marine invertebrates. It will focus on the molecular mechanisms underpinning biomineralization and how knowledge of these processes affects experimental design and our ability to predict responses to climate change. Understanding marine biomineralization has many tangible benefits in our changing world, including improvements in conservation and aquaculture and exploitation of natural calcified structure design using biomimicry approaches that are aimed at producing novel biocomposites. Summary: Understanding how urchins, molluscs and corals extract calcium from seawater to make their skeletons, and the factors that affect this process, improve predictions on their future success under climate change.
Conservation monitoring: estimating mammal densities in woodland habitats

Conservation and ecological monitoring programmes often estimate animal densities over time, but in wooded and forested areas practical techniques are still poorly developed. Here I have examined five simple methods of deriving densities of large and medium‐sized mammals using line transects driven through miombo woodland habitat in Africa. These methods calculated area by dividing the number of individuals seen by (i) an average of each species' sighting distances, (ii) a fixed 200 m belt width, (iii) the area visible from the centre of the transect, (iv) visible area weighted by species' vegetation preferences, and (v) by dividing the number of groups seen by area visible from the transect. Individual‐based methods produced quite divergent estimates of species' densities and overall biomass with belt transects giving the lowest values. The group method and corresponding individual‐based method gave similar values, however. Most of these calculations yielded considerably higher density estimates than aerial surveys conducted in the same area over a similar time period. Sightings of species were not distributed evenly across vegetation types although the majority of mammal species were observed more often in open habitat. These findings indicate that ground‐based conservation monitoring programmes should set transects through several vegetation types, restrict comparisons to those studies that use the same methodology, and refrain from comparing ground and aerial surveys.
Diurnal bed-site selection of urban-dwelling Javelina in Prescott, Arizona

Javelina (Tayassu tajacu) are an economically important big game species in the southwestern United States, but are considered nuisance wildlife in urban areas. We radiotracked individuals from 6 herds to identify diurnal bed sites of urban-dwelling javelina in 1992-93. We compared microsite habitat characteristics at 46 diurnal javelina bed sites with the same characteristics at 49 random plots. Characteristics of bed sites included south- and east-facing sites with >20% slope, >50% shrub cover, and chaparral habitat with >75 cm dbh trees, javelina also selected sites where visibility was completely obstructed by dense vegetation and-or rocks within 3-4 m.
Functional role of natural killer T cells and their mechanisms in anti-tumor immunity

Natural killer T(NKT) cells are a population of T cells that share some characteristics with natural killer(NK) cells.After activated,NKT cells can kill tumors directly as the anti-tumor effectors and they can also activate other cell types,such as NK cells,to mediate anti-tumor effects indirectly.NKT cells play an important role in anti-tumor immunity,adaptive immune responses and immunoregulation.
808 nm light triggered lanthanide nanoprobes with enhanced down-shifting emission beyond 1500 nm for imaging-guided resection surgery of tumor and vascular visualization

Lanthanide based nanoprobe with high efficient down-shifting second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) emission has emerged as a promising agent for tumor-associated vascular visualization. However, most of the developed lanthanide-based NIR-II-emissive probes are activated by 980 nm laser, leading to the concern of biological overheating effect. Herein, the high quality 808 nm laser activated NaYF4:Gd/Yb/Er/Nd/Ce@NaYF4:Nd core-shell nanoprobes with significantly improved NIR-II emission beyond 1500 nm and eliminated overheating effect were developed for imaging-guided resection surgery of tumor and vascular visualization. Methods: The core-shell nanoprobe with boosted NIR-II emission and eliminated heating effect was achieved with combination of Nd-sensitizing and Ce-doping strategies. The NIR-II optical imaging and toxicity assessment were demonstrated by in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results: The designed core-shell nanoprobe presented superior NIR-II emission beyond 1500 nm than the core only nanoparticle and NIR-II emission intensity was improved up to 11.0 times by further suppressing the upconversion (UC) pathway through doping Ce3+. More importantly, non-invasive tumor vascular imaging and NIR-II optical imaging-guided surgical resection of tumor were successfully achieved. Conclusion: It is expected that the Nd-sensitized lanthanide-based nanoprobe with significant improvement in NIR-II emission and eliminated overheating effect is a highly promising probe for NIR-II imaging, making it more competitive in non-invasive vascular imaging and imaging-guided tumor resection surgery.
Lack of association between genotypes and virulence factors in C. albicans strains isolated from vaginal secretion

A fisiopatogenia da candidiase vulvovaginal (CVV) nao esta completamente elucidada ate o presente momento. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se exite relacao entre os diferentes genotipos de Candida albicans, seu principal agente, e a virulencia desta levedura em isolados vaginais, e checar se existem marcadores laboratoriais que possam predizer a habilidade de cada isolado para desenvolver CVV independentemente dos sintomas. Foram determinados a producao de exoenzimas protease, fosfolipase and hemolisina, resistencia ao peroxido de hidrogencio, e genotipo. O genotipo A foi predominante (75%), protease, fosfolipase e atividade hemolitica foram alevadamente expressos, e a maioria das leveduras foram sensiveis ao H2O2 em 1 e 2 horas de exposicao, sugerindo que estes fatores sao importantes na virulenciae de isolados vaginais. Entretanto, nao houve nenhuma correlacao com os genotipos. Os diferentes isolados expressaram potencial de virulencia similares, sugerindo que outros fatores relacionados as leveduras e ao hospedeiro devem participar no desenvolvimento da doenca clinica.
Climatic adaptation and hominid evolution: The thermoregulatory imperative

Anthropologists have long recognized the existence among modern humans of geographical variations in body form that parallel climatic gradients, part of more general zoological phenomena commonly referred to as Bergmann's or Allen's “Rules”. These observations have rarely been applied to earlier hominids, in part because fossil skeletons usually are so incomplete that it is difficult to reconstruct body morphology accurately. However, within the past two decades two early hominids have been discovered that preserve enough of the skeleton to allow confident assessment of their body size and shape. Comparison of these specimens—the Australopithecus afarensis A.L. 288‐1 (“Lucy”) and the Homo erectus KNM‐WT 15000—with others that are less complete make it evident that the evolution of Homo erectus was accompanied by not only a marked increase in body size, but also a similarly dramatic increase in the linearity of body form. That is, relative to their heights, small australopithecines had very broad bodies, whereas large early Homo had narrow bodies. This difference in body form cannot be explained on the basis of obstetric or biomechanical factors, but is consistent with thermoregulatory constraints on body shape. Specifically, to maintain the same ratio of body surface area to body mass, which is an important thermoregulatory mechanism, increases in height should be accompanied by no change in body breadth, which is exactly what is seen in comparisons of A.L. 288‐1 and KNM‐WT 15000. Conversely, Neandertals living in colder climates had much wider bodies, which are adaptive for heat retention. Differences in limb length proportions between fossil hominids are also consistent with thermoregulatory principles and the geographic variation observed among modern humans. Climatic adaptation during hominid evolution may have wide‐ranging implications, not only with regard to interpreting body morphology, but also in relation to ecological scenarios, population movements, and the evolution of the brain.
Text Document Clustering by Using Semi-supervised Learning and Outlier Detection

ext document clustering is the process of grouping similar documents into clusters. Clustering is a technique of unsupervised categorization which divides the objects of dataset into a specific number of clusters based on the criterion of similarity or dissimilarity. This categorization is in a way that the resulted clusters are distinct as possible and with the maximum of inside cluster similarity. K-means algorithm is one of the most famous and most liked techniques of clustering because it is easy to understand and perform. Also it has a kind of linear complexity. K-means suffers from outliers in data sets, high sensitivity to the initial centers and also correct number of clusters. In order to overcome this drawbacks we propose a novel method in three stages. In the first stage ODBD algorithm is applied to detect the outliers and divide data sets to two groups; normal objects and outlier objects. Then FICBC algorithm is run on normal objects to calculate the cluster centers intelligently by using additional information and initial knowledge such as K; the number of clusters, cannot and must linked sets. Finally we use the centers obtained from the previous phase and with an iteration, we calculate the distance between each of outliers and these centers. Then, each outlier is assigned to the closest cluster. The Euclidean distance criterion is used for the calculation of this distance. The proposed method is run on the UCI dataset and the obtained results are compared to the other clustering methods. Experiments show that the proposed method achieves significantly better results than previous clustering approaches.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ inhibits expression of minichromosome maintenance proteins in vascular smooth muscle cells

Using a cDNA array consisting only of cell cycle genes, we found that a novel nonthiazolidinedione partial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist (nTZDpa) inhibited expression of minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins 6 and 7 in vascular smooth muscle cells. MCM proteins are required for the initiation and elongation stages of DNA replication and are regulated by the transcription factor E2F. Mitogen-induced MCM6 and MCM7 mRNA expression was potently inhibited by nTZDpa and to a lesser degree by the full PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone. Inhibition of MCM6 and MCM7 expression by nTZDpa and rosiglitazone paralleled their effect to inhibit phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein and cell proliferation. Transient transfection experiments revealed that the nTZDpa inhibited mitogen-induced MCM6 and MCM7 promoter activity, implicating a transcriptional mechanism. Adenoviral-mediated E2F overexpression reversed the suppressive effect of nTZDpa on MCM6 and MCM7 expression. Furthermore, .
First record for the occurrence of strawberry anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in Egypt

Eleven isolates of Colletotrichum acutatum were isolated from strawberry crown and runners. These isolates were tested for its pathogenicity on Festival strawberry cv. under greenhouse conditions. Damage of the crown resulted from the spread of the internal dark lesions and caused wilt of the inoculated plants. Isolate No.3 obtained from ELAbo-swear was the virulent and aggressive one, however ,isolate No.11 from EL–Kasassen was the weakest one . Festival was the most susceptible cultivar to C.acutatum followed by Yaiel, Tudla,and Sweet Charlie while W-5, Carmine and Camarosa cvs. were moderately susceptible to C.acutatum. On the contrary, Gaviota cv. was resistant to the highest virulent isolate of C.acutatum . Inoculation with each of the eleven isolates of C.acutatum yielded typical symptoms of anthracnose disease on all tested fruits within 4 days after inoculation. Lesions of strawberry anthracnose fruit rot differed from isolate to another. At least , 5 isolates were capable of causing severe anthracnose rot to strawberry fruits. Octave and Euparen were the most effective fungicides which completely inhibited the growth of C.acutatum at all tested concentrations in vitro ,while Rovral , was the least effective one . On the other hand , Trichoderma harzianum followed by Chaetomium spirale and Chaetomium globosum recorded considerable reduction of the mycelial growth of C.acutatum .
Super Symplectic Geometry and Lagrangian Sub Manifold

A symplectic manifold is a pair (TT,ωω) in which M is a smooth manifold and ωω is a closed non degenerate 2-form defined everywhere onTT. A submanifold TT of TT is a lagrangian submanifold if, at each pp ∈ TT,TTppTT is a lagrangian subspace ofTTppTT, i.e., ωωpp|TTppNN = 0 andddddddTTppTT = 1 2 dimTTppTT. Let M be a 2ndimensional manifold and θθ ∈ Ω1 (TT). The graph of θθ (ΓΓ = {(pp, qq)|pp = θθ(qq)}) is the lagrangian sub manifold of T ∗ M if and only if ddθθ = 0 [10]. Symplectic manifolds and their lagrangian sub manifolds appear naturally in the context of classical mechanics and they are a very essential tool to generalize geometrically understand results and procedures in the area of mathematical physics. Weinstein [11] proved that, if a compact sub manifold Y is lagrangian with respect to two symplectic forms ω and ω ′, then the conclusion of the Moser relative theorem [2] still holds. We will generalize the Weinstein lagrangian neighborhood theorem in super manifolds and will see that it is similar to preliminary case. Tuynman [8] has been argued that the symplectic description of classical mechanics contains many elements of the Lagrange formulation of classical mechanics, in particular a variational description in terms of an action functional. In [1], the authors have studied the different generalizations of the tangent manifold to the context of graded manifolds. In this way, they obtained a correspondence between the lagrangian and the Hamiltonian formulation of super mechanics. Tuynman [6] generalized the prequantization procedure in the context of super symplectic manifold with a symplectic form which is not necessarily homogeneous. We apply [2, 8, 5, and 6] to generalize lagrangian sub manifold in super geometry. The plan of this article is the following; Sect 2, collects definitions consider to super geometry; Sect3, We state our work that check super lagrangian sub manifolds and their applications.
Genesis: A Hardware Acceleration Framework for Genomic Data Analysis

In this paper, we describe our vision to accelerate algorithms in the domain of genomic data analysis by proposing a framework called Genesis (genome analysis) that contains an interface and an implementation of a system that processes genomic data efficiently. This framework can be deployed in the cloud and exploit the FPGAs-as-a-service paradigm to provide cost-efficient secondary DNA analysis. We propose conceptualizing genomic reads and associated read attributes as a very large relational database and using extended SQL as a domain-specific language to construct queries that form various data manipulation operations. To accelerate such queries, we design a Genesis hardware library which consists of primitive hardware modules that can be composed to construct a dataflow architecture specialized for those queries. As a proof of concept for the Genesis framework, we present the architecture and the hardware implementation of several genomic analysis stages in the secondary analysis pipeline corresponding to the best known software analysis toolkit, GATK4 workflow proposed by the Broad Institute. We walk through the construction of genomic data analysis operations using a sequence of SQL-style queries and show how Genesis hardware library modules can be utilized to construct the hardware pipelines designed to accelerate such queries. We exploit parallelism and data reuse by utilizing a dataflow architecture along with the use of on-chip scratchpads as well as non-blocking APIs to manage the accelerators, allowing concurrent execution of the accelerator and the host. Our accelerated system deployed on the cloud FPGA performs up to $ 19.3\times$ better than GATK4 running on a commodity multi-core Xeon server and obtains up to $ 15\times$ better cost savings. We believe that if a software algorithm can be mapped onto a hardware library to utilize the underlying accelerator(s) using an already-standardized software interface such as SQL, while allowing the efficient mapping of such interface to primitive hardware modules as we have demonstrated here, it will expedite the acceleration of domainspecific algorithms and allow the easy adaptation of algorithm changes.
New Models for Ecosystem Dynamics and Restoration

Cosponsored by the Society for Ecological Restoration International and Island Press, this series offers a foundation of practical knowledge and scientific insight that will help ecological restoration become the powerful reparative and healing tool that the world needs.As scientific understanding about ecological processes has grown, the idea that ecosystem dynamics are complex, non-linear, and often unpredictable has gained prominence. Of particular importance is the idea that rather than following an inevitable progression toward an ultimate endpoint, some ecosystems may occur in a number of states depending on past and present ecological conditions. The emerging idea of 'restoration thresholds' also enables scientists to recognize when ecological systems are likely to recover on their own and when active restoration efforts are needed.Conceptual models based on alternative stable states and restoration thresholds can help inform restoration efforts. "New Models for Ecosystem Dynamics and Restoration" brings together leading experts from around the world to explore how conceptual models of ecosystem dynamics can be applied to the recovery of degraded systems and how recent advances in our understanding of ecosystem and landscape dynamics can be translated into conceptual and practical frameworks for restoration.In the first part of the book, background chapters present and discuss the basic concepts and models and explore the implications of new scientific research on restoration practice. The second part considers the dynamics and restoration of different ecosystems, ranging from arid lands to grasslands, woodlands, and savannahs, to forests and wetlands, to production landscapes. A summary chapter by the editors discusses the implications of theory and practice of the ideas described in preceding chapters. "New Models for Ecosystem Dynamics and Restoration aims" to widen the scope and increase the application of threshold models by critiquing their application in a wide range of ecosystem types. It will also help scientists and restorationists correctly diagnose ecosystem damage, identify restoration thresholds, and develop corrective methodologies that can overcome such thresholds.