Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Save breast-milk from pollution

Human milk is the most natural and superior food for infants, providing a range of benefits for growth, immunity and development a significant decreasing risk for several acute and chronic diseases. However, breast milk is not pure. Pollutants have been intentionally or inadvertently produced and introduced into the environment. Due to long half-lives and fat solubility, chemicals tend to bio accumulate in long-lived species at the top of the food-chain, including in human milk. Through breastfeeding, a mother may transfer potentially toxic chemicals to the suckling infant, exercising systemic and harmful effects on the health of children. Although scientific evidence indicates that the advantages of breast-feeding outweigh any risks from contaminants, it is important to identify communities with major sources of human exposure, limit the presence of pollutants in the food supply and modify their critical short-and long-term action in children. Furthermore, by controlling the use of these toxic products safe breastfeeding could be ensured and encouraged. This review summarizes what is known about the relationship between environmental pollutants and contamination of human milk.
Different forms of the double helix: architecture and function

The DNA double helix was discovered 50 years ago. This motif was found in several other places, most notably in RNA molecules. It is also found in DNA-RNA hybrids as well as transfer RNA molecules where double helical segments combine to form a more complex structure. A distinct variant of the DNA molecule was discovered in which the helix turns left-handed, which has led to practical consequences in the treatment of certain viral diseases.
Ramet harvesting and vegetative growth of Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb. (Bromeliaceae).

The bromeliads are monocotyledon plants of the Bromeliaceae family, consisting of more than 1500 species only in Brazil, with the Atlantic Forest being its main habitat. The littoral of Parana, is one of the regions in the Atlantic Forest, where the extrativism of bromeliads for commercial purposes reaches the highest intensity in Brazil. Among the most harvested species Aechmea nudicaulis is distinguished from the others. To evaluate the impact of extractivism on this species, it was selected forty parental units of A. nudicaulis which were submitted to different types of ramet harvesting and monitored bimonthly to evaluate the effect of harvesting on their vegetative growth (sprouting). The extracted ramets were planted and monitored to measure leaf production, height, and time necessary to reach commercial size. The extractivism did not promote a visible effect on parental units sprouting. The ramets that were bigger than 1/3 of the parental unit’s size, took less time (96 days) to reach commercial size (> 35 cm high and four leaves), therefore, this type of ramet reveals itself as the best option of usage in cultivation systems.
The Significance of Adaptation Interventions as a Tool to Protect the World Heritage Properties from the Negative Impacts of Climate Change.

There are numerous natural and cultural world tourism heritage sites spread across the entire landscape of the world, which are of outstanding universal value. These sites attract tourists from all over the world for different reasons such as for sightseeing, heritage and archaeological interest, education and research. The concern is that global warming and climate change are posing huge threats to most of these sites and properties by altering, deteriorating and ravaging them. In order to address these problems and find sustainable solutions, this article identifies a climate change adaptation strategy as the potential intervention that can be utilised to enable these sites and properties to cope with the prevailing unusual climatic conditions in order to sustainably protect and preserve them for the present and future generations to enjoy.
Concentrate supplementation in lambs finished at pasture on cost of production in the dry season

Objetivou-se avaliar os niveis de suplementacao concentrada (0,0%; 0,5%; 1,0% e 1,5% do peso corporal – PC) constituida de caroco de algodao com grao de milho moido (CAGM) na proporcao de 50% cada, em cordeiros terminados a pasto (Capim Marandu) abatidos com 31,7 kg de PC, sobre ganho medio diario (GMD), dias de suplementacao (DS) e custo de producao no periodo da seca. Foram utilizados 20 cordeiros sem raca definida com PC inicial de 19 ± 0,5 kg distribuidos em quatro tratamentos. A suplementacao de CAGM foi fornecida em baias separadas por nivel de suplementacao diariamente as dezoito horas. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado para avaliacao do GMD e DS dos cordeiros suplementados com os diferentes niveis de CAGM. Os dados de GMD e DS foram avaliados por analise de regressao considerando 5 % de significância. Os diferentes niveis de suplementacao de CAGM influenciaram de maneira quadratica (p < 0,05) o GMD e DS de cordeiros terminados a pasto. O nivel de suplementacao de CAGM a 1,0% do PC em cordeiros terminados a pasto no periodo da seca apresentou o melhor valor da receita total para carcaca quente de R$ 9.585,00. Foi observado que o nivel de 0,0% de suplementacao concentrada apresentou a menor despesa total no valor de R$ 7.317,82 em relacao aos demais niveis de suplementacao. Verificou-se que o melhor valor de receita liquida/mes de R$ 419,75 foi obtido para cordeiros terminados a pasto suplementados com nivel de 1,0% do PC de concentrado contendo CAGM. Desta maneira, conclui-se que os cordeiros terminados a pasto no periodo da seca poderao ser suplementados com o nivel de 1,0% do PC de concentrado contendo CAGM o que melhora o GMD, reduz os DS alem de apresentar a melhor receita liquida/mes para esta atividade.
Identification of epigenomic patterns to annotate regulatory elements in the human genome

Recently, studies on transcriptional regulation have turned from single-gene to genome-wide research. This transgression provides new possibilities towards the identification of transcriptional regulation pathways, and the identification of new transcriptional regulatory elements. Recent technological advances have enabled the identification of histone modifications. These have been mapped to specific chromatin structures and transcriptional regulatory elements, such as promoters or enhancers. Specific patterns of histone modifications, regulatory proteins or chromatin structural properties have been discovered. These patterns were shown to demarcate specific regulatory elements, and are being increasingly used to identify novel elements. The resulting data from these studies show an intricate interplay between posttranslational histone modifications, chromatin structure, and genome function throughout different cellular conditions. It is considered that histone modification patterns enable prediction of functional regulatory elements, gene expression and splicing patterns. Increased knowledge on these patterns has facilitated research on different genomic expression profiles between healthy and diseased cells in many disorders and diseases. Many studies on cancer have indicated an important role for epigenetic regulation during cancer development, commending the important role of the search for epigenetic patterns and their potential function. Clear histone modification patterns have
Developmental Exercise Physiology

Part 1 Experimental approach to the exercising child: the process of biological maturation accounting for size - the biologist's dilemma exercise testing body composition ethical aspects of research with children. Part 2 Physiological responses to exercise: maturation of aerobic fitness the plasticity of aerobic fitness response to endurance exercise - cardiovascular system response to endurance exercise - ventilation response to endurance exercise - peripheral factors submaximal energy expenditure short burst activities and the development of anaerobic fitness the development of muscular strength metabolic and endocrine responses to exercise adaptions to thermal stress.
Gingival Zenith - A Critical Factor in Smile Design and Fixed Prosthodontics.

Background & objectives: Knowledge of the gingival zenith (GZ) of the maxillary anterior teeth can be clinically applied to re-establish the proper gingival contour of the maxillary anterior teeth during esthetic anterior oral rehabilitation and smile designing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate gingival zenith (GZ) of each individual maxillary anterior tooth and their relative gingival zenith level. Method: A digital caliper was used to measure the gingival zenith of the maxillary anterior teeth from left canine to right canine on casts made from 30 young individuals without any dental deformity. The highest point on gingival margin of all maxillary anterior teeth was marked. Distance of this gingival zenith from the respective vertical bisector of each tooth was calculated. Also, the digital caliper was used to measure the distance of gingival zenith of the lateral incisors from a line connecting gingival zenith of maxillary central incisor and canine. Results: Significant difference exists between the gingival zenith of maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors and canines. Conclusion: Gingival zenith of maxillary incisors is distally placed whereas for canine it coincides with vertical bisector. Gingival zenith of lateral incisor is incisal to that of central incisor and canine. [Hitendra S NJIRM 2016; 7(4): 113-116]
Étude des propriétés photoniques de diatomées

Les travaux presentes dans ce manuscrit portent sur l’etude des proprietes photoniques de quatre especes de diatomees du genre Coscinodiscus : C. wailesii, C. specie, C. radiatus et C. radiatus-cf. Les diatomees sont des micro-algues unicellulaires constituees d’une cellule unique encapsulee dans une matrice inorganique de silice poreuse appelee frustule. Nous avons effectue des cultures de ces especes, puis extrait les frustules afin de les caracteriser, tant du point de vue de leur composition que de leur morphologie, par microscopie electronique et tomographie RX. Le frustule est constitue de trois couches de silice (le foramen, le cribrum et le cribellum) presentant une structure poreuse hierarchique, s’etendant du micrometre au nanometre, et formant ainsi une matrice tridimensionnelle complexe pouvant presenter des proprietes photoniques. Le foramen et le cribrum presentent des reseaux de pores de periodicite importante dont les dimensions caracteristiques (taille des pores, pas du reseau…) sont de l’ordre de grandeur des ondes lumineuses. Les proprietes optiques des frustules ont alors ete etudiees experimentalement par imagerie spectrale et theoriquement par simulations numeriques par la methode des elements finis. Nous avons ensuite mis en evidence un effet de concentration de la lumiere visible transmise sur l’axe de la diatomee a quelques dizaines de micrometres derriere le frustule. Cet effet s’avere dependre de la longueur d’onde incidente ainsi que de l’orientation du frustule. Finalement, nous avons montre, par approche theorique et simulations numeriques, que cet effet de concentration de la lumiere le long de l’axe est majoritairement du au foramen et que les autres couches n’ont qu’un effet marginal. Une telle micro et nano-structuration complexe de la matiere est actuellement inaccessible a l’echelle industrielle. Cette structure presente cependant des effets de concentration et de filtration des ondes lumineuses d’un grand interet dans de nombreux domaines (photovoltaique, cosmetique, peinture…) et on peut donc envisager raisonnablement une utilisation directe des diatomees.
Relationship of the superoxide dismutase genes, sodA and sodB, to the iron uptake (/ital fur/) regulon in /ital Escherichia coli/ K-12

Expression of sodA, as indicated by MnSod activity is normal in /ital fur/ mutants. This suggests that sodA is not a member of the /ital fur/ regulon and that the putative Fe-binding, regulatory protein of sodA, suggested by Moody and Hassan is not the Fur protein. by contrast, expression of sodB, as indicated by FeSod activity, is completely blocked in /ital fur/ mutants and the effect is restored by transformation with a plasmid having a normal /ital fur/ locus. The observations suggest that Fur, either directly or indirectly, controls SodB biosynthesis. Additional observations are described which indicate that SodB and Fur act together in a complicated fashion to control the biosynthesis of enterobactin. 26 refs., 3 tabs.
The role of tropomyosin during heart development (Part I) and neuroanatomical and cardiorespiratory changes associated with metamorphosis (Part II) in the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum

I: Ambystoma mexicanum is a useful model for the study of heart development as it has a naturally occurring mutant, the cardiac (c/c) lethal, in which the embryos lack organised myofibrils and have low levels of tropomyosin. Antisense oligonucleotides specific to axolotl tropomyosin disrupted myofibril formation in normal heart, whereas sense oligonucleotides encouraged myofibrillogenesis in the mutant hearts, demonstrating the importance of tropomyosin in cardiac muscle development and the effectiveness of cationic liposome transfection system. A novel isoform of the human tropomyosin, TPM1κ, was discovered and found to be cardiac specific in humans. Ectopic expression of GFP. TPM1κ fusion protein promoted myofibrillogenesis in the cardiac mutant axolotl heart. Tropomyosin N- and C-termini modification did not affect its function. II: The neotenous form had vagal preganglionic neurons (VPN) in the dorsal vagal nucleus (DVN) only. In the metamorphosed, VPN were found in the DVN but 18% were relocated in a ventro-lateral position. Neotenous ventilation rate followed heart rate. In the metamorphosed, ventilation caused heart rate variability. This may have been induced by the ventral-lateral VPN, which may be equivalent to a primitive nucleus ambiguus, an area that generates rhythmic sinus arrhythmia in mammals. Thus, ventrolateral VPN may be involved in cardiorespiratory control.
Study to identify the associations between polymorphisms in pharmacogenetic loci, mycophenolic acid precursors (mofetil or sodium) and clinical outcomes in renal transplant recipients using array based exome SNP sequencing

Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.
Homocysteine Influx and Efflux: Participation of Erythrocytes in Homocysteine Homeostasis of the Plasma

ABSTRACT One of the main objective of the present study was to determine if erythrocytes play a role in regulation of plasma homocysteine concentration. Another objective was to investigate if erythrocytes convert homocystine into homocysteine. In the present study, we exposed erytrocytes to different concentrations of homocysteine and then measured the nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPSH) concentrations. Erythrocytes treated in the same manner were later utilized for the homocysteine efflux studies. The effect of temperature on the influx and the efflux processes were also evaluated. We also determined the rate of homocysteine influx in the presence of different amino acids. The homocysteine influx studies demonstrated that erythrocytes can respond to increases in homocysteine concentration in the extracellular media and influx homocysteine in a concentration-dependent manner. NPSH concentrations in erythrocytes treated with 1 mM homocysteine reached to 1.47 i½± 0.01 i mol/ml erythrocyte in 1 h whereas this concentration reached to 2.01 i½± 0.1 i mol/ml erythrocyte in 3 mM homocysteine treated erytrocytes. The homocysteine efflux is also determined to be time-and concentration -dependent. Extracellular concentration of NPSH in 1 mM homocysteine pre-treated erythrocytes reached to 0.266 i½± 0.02 i mol/ml erythrocyte in 1 h whereas this concentration reached to 0.64 i½± 0.01 i mol/ml erythrocyte with 3 mM homocysteine pre-treated erythrocytes. Our results also indicate that erythrocytes convert extracellulary applied homocystine into homocysteine. Depending on our results, it could be concluded that eryhtrocytes may play a significant role in the regulation of plasma homocysteine homeostasis.
Actinonin-induced inhibition of plant peptide deformylase: a paradigm for the design of novel broad-spectrum herbicides.

Peptide deformylase, which catalyzes the removal of N-formyl groups from the initiating N-formyl-methionine of nascent polypeptides, has recently been characterized from several plants, including rice, tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana. The two Arabidopsis thaliana DEF genes, AtDEF1 and AtDEF2, encode enzymes which are functionally active both in vitro and in vivo and are catalytically inactivated by the naturally-occurring peptide deformylase inhibitor actinonin, a product of a soil-borne actinomycete. Actinonin has profound herbicidal effects when applied to many plant species both pre- and post-emergence. Transgenic tobacco plants were engineered to over-express each of the AtDEF proteins. These plants were completely resistant to the herbicidal effects of actinonin. This data provides the first unequivocal evidence that the lethality of actinonin to plants in vivo is strictly a consequence of the inhibition of peptide deformylase activity. This work also confirms that peptide deformylase is a valid target for both the development of novel broad-spectrum herbicides, and the engineering of herbicide selectivity in plants without the use of foreign genes.
Detecção de anomalias em processos do sistema operacional Linux

Os processos provem todas as informacoes de aplicacoes, programas auxiliares e servicos batches (redes, daemons diversos), gerenciando tudo que e executado num Sistema Operacional. Muitos processos sao demandados sem o conhecimento previo de que possam gerar algum dano ao funcionamento do sistema. Manter integridade e a garantia de desempenho e fundamental para um bom gerenciamento dos Sistemas Operacionais. Em mineracao de dados, considera-se a tecnica de deteccao de anomalias a identificacao de uma acao diferente do comportamento normal. Assim, este trabalho apresenta um modelo de deteccao de anomalias com base no comportamento dos processos do Sistema Operacional Linux.
Kajian Daya Antagonisme Kapang Trichoderma spp. terhadap Colletotrichum capsici dan Erysiphe cichoracearum Secara In Vitro

Colletotrichum capsici dan Erysiphe cichoracearum are two species pathogenic molds species on cultivation plants especially vegetables plant. The fungus can be controlled by the antagonist molds Trichoderma spp. This research used Trichoderma viride, T. atroviride , and T. harzianum as antagonist molds. This research was done for: 1) analize the difference antagonism effect of antagonist molds Trichoderma spp. towards pathogenic molds C. capsici dan E. cichoracearum , 2) determine the Trichoderma species that have highest antagonism effect towards C. capsici dan E. cichoracearum , 3) examine the antagonism mechanism of Trichoderma spp. towards kapang C. capsici dan E. cichoracearum based on the microscopic observation. The research methods use dual culture method by inoculate the antagonist mold : Trichoderma viride, T. atroviride , and T. harzianum and pathogenic mold, are: C. capsici dan E. Cichoracearum colony pieceson PDA plate medium in pairs, then incubated on 25 o -27 o C for 4 x24 hours. Afterwards the antagonism effect of Trichoderma spp. towards C. capsici and E. cichoracearum were analyzed quantitative descriptive. The antagonism mechanism observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The research results are: 1) there was difference antagonism effect of Trichoderma spp. towards C. capsici dan E. cichoracearum . 2) T. harzianum has the highest antagonism effect towards C. capsici as well as towards E. cichoracearum , 3) The antagonism mechanism of Trichoderma spp. towards C. capsici and E. cichoracearum by are mycoparasitism, the Trichoderma hyphae attach, penetrate, and coiling the C. capsici and E. cichoracearum hyphae
When to estimate sex ratio in natural populations of insects? A study on sex ratio variations of gall midges within a generation

Precise estimation of arthropods' sex ratio is an important issue in a wide range of ecological studies and biological control programs. Although, in many cases changes in arthropods' sex ratio may be under the control of parents or some symbiotic microorganisms, biased sex ratios in some other species are caused by some extrinsic factors, neglect of which may lead to under/overestimation of true sex ratio. In this paper, we pursued those factors that cause false estimation of sex ratio in insects' species. We studied the predatory gall midge, Aphidoletes aphidimyza Rondani (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), an important biological control agent of aphids, that shows protandry (i.e. early male emergence), differential lifespan of sexes, and differential distribution of sexes across habitat. Ten populations of A. aphidimyza were released separately in transparent cages and their sex ratio variations were recorded every 12 hours. The primary sex ratio in this species seems to be slightly male‐biased (52.41% males), however early emergence of males biases the sex ratio up to 72% males in a few hours after emergence. Shortly after the emergence of females, the sex ratio reaches its primary situation, but as a result of male‐biased mortality after mating, the proportion of females increases gradually to 97% by the fourth and fifth days after emergence. These results explicitly suggest that direct estimation of sex ratio in natural populations may be affected by some secondary factors such as differential mortality of sexes, protandry, and differential distribution of males and females over time and/or across habitat.
Effect of dietary supplementation of probiotic on performance and immune response of layers in the decline phase of production

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of probiotic supplementation on performance and immune response of White Leghorn layers from 48 to 64 weeks of age. WLH layers at the age of 48 weeks were randomly distributed in three groups of 36 in each with three replicates in each group. The birds in each group were supplied with one of the three diets. The three diets were basal diet, basal diet with 100 mg of probiotic and basal diet with 200 mg of probiotic per kg diet. Production performance viz. hen day egg production, egg weight, shellthickness, shell weight and concentration of albumin and egg yolk were recorded. At 56 and 64 weeks of age, twelve birds per group were immunized with 0.1 ml of 0.5% sheep red blood cells and blood samples were collected after 5 days to measure the antibody production. Supplementation of probiotic at rate of 100 mg/kg of diet significantly (P<0.05) improved in hen day egg production. Probiotic supplementation had no effect on daily feed intake, feed conversion, egg weight or on concentration of albumin and yolk. However, there was significant improvement (p<0.05) in shell thickness by supplementation of 100 mg of probiotic per kg of diet. The antibody production in response to SRBC was also significant (P<0.05) higher in the 100 mg probiotic supplemented group, both at 56 and 64 weeks of age.