Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pharmacogenetic Discovery in CALGB (Alliance) 90401 and Mechanistic Validation of a VAC14 Polymorphism that Increases Risk of Docetaxel-Induced Neuropathy

Purpose: Discovery of SNPs that predict a patient's risk of docetaxel-induced neuropathy would enable treatment individualization to maximize efficacy and avoid unnecessary toxicity. The objectives of this analysis were to discover SNPs associated with docetaxel-induced neuropathy and mechanistically validate these associations in preclinical models of drug-induced neuropathy. Experimental Design: A genome-wide association study was conducted in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with docetaxel, prednisone and randomized to bevacizumab or placebo on CALGB 90401. SNPs were genotyped on the Illumina HumanHap610-Quad platform followed by rigorous quality control. The inference was conducted on the cumulative dose at occurrence of grade 3+ sensory neuropathy using a cause-specific hazard model that accounted for early treatment discontinuation. Genes with SNPs significantly associated with neuropathy were knocked down in cellular and mouse models of drug-induced neuropathy. Results: A total of 498,081 SNPs were analyzed in 623 Caucasian patients, 50 (8%) of whom experienced grade 3+ neuropathy. The 1,000 SNPs most associated with neuropathy clustered in relevant pathways including neuropathic pain and axonal guidance. An SNP in VAC14 (rs875858) surpassed genome-wide significance (P = 2.12 × 10−8, adjusted P = 5.88 × 10−7). siRNA knockdown of VAC14 in stem cell–derived peripheral neuronal cells increased docetaxel sensitivity as measured by decreased neurite processes (P = 0.0015) and branches (P < 0.0001). Prior to docetaxel treatment, VAC14 heterozygous mice had greater nociceptive sensitivity than wild-type litter mate controls (P = 0.001). Conclusions: VAC14 should be prioritized for further validation of its potential role as a predictor of docetaxel-induced neuropathy and biomarker for treatment individualization. Clin Cancer Res; 22(19); 4890–900. ©2016 AACR.
Attempts to Establish Cell Cultures Infected with the Viruses of Subacute Spongiform Encephalopathies 1

Abstract Attempts to establish cell cultures infected with the viruses of scrapie, kuru, and Creutzfeldt—Jakob disease (CJD) were of limited success. Seven cultures of normal cell lines inoculated with brain suspensions containing kuru or CJD virus and nearly half (16134) of the primary cell cultures derived from brains of humans and experimental animals with subacute spongiform encephalopathies were infectious. However, following prolonged maintenance or serial passages, cultures lost infectivity. Further, of 10 rapidly growing cell lines produced by SV40 transformation of cultures derived from eight scrapie-infected mice, one CJD-infected chimpanzee, and one kuru-infected chimpanzee, only one, a transformed scrapie mouse brain cell line, maintained infectivity. In all infectious cultures, a minimum of 104 cells were required to transmit 1 LD50 to an assay animal.
Is gamma-chymotrypsin a tetrapeptide acyl-enzyme adduct of alpha-chymotrypsin?

Refinement of the structure of gamma-chymotrypsin based on X-ray crystallographic data to 1.6-A resolution has confirmed the overall conformation of the molecule as reported previously [Cohen, G. H. , Silverton, E. W. , & Davies, D. R. (1981) J. Mol. Biol. 148, 449-479]. In addition, the new refinement suggests that gamma-chymotrypsin, which is operationally defined by its crystalline habit, may not be the free enzyme but rather a complex, possibly an acyl-enzyme adduct, with the tetrapeptide Pro-Gly-Ala-Tyr (or a close homologue). The crystallographic refinement provides a detailed geometrical description of the enzyme-substrate-solvent interactions that occur in the presumptive adduct.
Desempeño financiero empresarial del sector agropecuario: un análisis comparativo entre Colombia y Brasil -2011-2015-

This article aims at identifying differences in managerial profitability of comanies from the agrobusiness sector in Brazil and Colombia, from 2011 to 2015. Therefore, an explanation is given about the fact that company profitability is closely related with capital accumulation and market concentration as it is important to understand that capital is accumulated when there is major external financing, even though it depends on the level of market comppetition. Data was taken from EMIS data base, revealing that Colombian companies from the agrobusiness sector have lower levels of managerial profitability than those from Brazil because they have a low capacity to access supporting processes for expansion.
Dietary patterns and their changes in early childhood.

BACKGROUND Early childhood is a critical period for shaping and influencing feeding behaviours which have implications for future health. Understanding the food consumption patterns and their shifts over time can provide guidance to health care providers and nutrition specialists who provide nutrition counselling and develop nutrition messages. OBJECTIVES To examine feeding patterns of 1-5 year old children and their changes with age. METHODS Across-sectional questionnaire study designed to obtain information on basic demographic indicators and feeding habits was conducted in Prague and all 13 regions of the Czech Republic. The carers of 1,130 children aged 1 to 5 years were approached in public places. Obtained data were computerized, descriptive statistics and t-tests for food intake frequency by age, breast-feeding status, sex, maternal education, and domicile were calculated. The difference was considered significant when P value was < 0.05. RESULTS The median duration of breast-feeding of children not breast-fed at the time of the interview was 9 months; 29.5% one-year olds were still breast-fed at the time of the interview. Median number of meals per day was 4 in 1 and 5 year olds and 5 in children 2 to 4 years old. The diet of one-year-olds, albeit with lower fruit and vegetable consumption and low fish consumption, was close to recommendations. The milk and milk products, fruit, vegetable, and poultry intake frequency significantly decreased with age. The meat and grains groups, smoked meat and meat products, sweets, and fried food intake frequency significantly increased with age. Fish consumption remained low. Higher vegetable intake frequency was associated with breast-feeding, maternal education, and female sex. Higher fruit consumption was associated with breast-feeding and living in Prague. Higher meat group intake frequency was associated with male sex. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm that the dietary habits are formed early in the life. Enhancement of multi-channel delivery of nutrition messages for feeding of toddlers and pre-schoolers and for the improvement of family eating habits are needed.
How Value is Created in Tokenized Assets

A tidal wave of change is coming to the world of Economic Science. Digital tokens—including bitcoin, altcoins, and cryptocurrencies—will require a fundamental rethinking of valuation, in the same way that the introduction of the stock market required a new understanding of value. As of this writing, the total value of all tokens stands at $500 billion. How do investors place value on computer code, with no central bank or physical asset to support it? Drawing from the literature on behavioral economics and tools from cognitive psychology, we aim to provide the first anchor to understand the criteria that investors are deploying to value new digital assets, making this the first study of applied behavioral economics on token valuation. Using a new instrument called the Framework for Token Confidence, we show how value can be created out of “thin air,” and how tokens, and indeed the entire economic system, operate as something like a “vote of confidence. ”
Service Quality Expectations of Academic Library Users

The library services have changed very fast in the digital era. The library customers have access to multiple sources of information and expect quality material within the shortest possible time irrespective of the format of information. Hence, library must provide quality service in order to retain and increase its importance for its users and succeed in enhancing the role of the library in teaching, learning and research. Quality services means those which satisfy users’ expectations and perceptions. Proper understanding of customers' perceptions along service quality dimensions is essential for LIS professionals to recognize the customer expectations. This paper briefly explains the concept of service quality; trace its development and highlight some results of service quality studies using various models, with an objective to describe and identify the issues meriting attention by the library professionals to gear up the library products and services so that user communities get satisfied coming to library.
Neurography: Late responses

The meaningfulness of routine conduction velocity studies can be increased when so‐called late responses (F waves, H reflex, and intermediate late responses) are considered. The techniques to elicit different types of late responses are described as well as their occurrence in physiological and pathological conditions. Late responses are muscle action potentials of different origins and different configurations, and they have different clinical implications. F waves are recurrent discharges of α‐motor neurons that have diagnostic value in patients with demyelinating neuropathies and proximal lesions of peripheral nerves. H reflexes are similar to the muscle stretch reflex. H reflexes can be elicited in only a few nerves, so they are routinely used only in patients suffering from sacral plexopathies, S1 radiculopathy, and polyneuropathies. Intermediate late discharges are of various origins and clinical significance. True axon reflexes occur seldom in routine neurography and are usually caused by submaximal stimulation. However, A waves with a constant shape, latency, and configuration are often found in patients with polyneuropathies and may be early signs of acute inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy (Guillain–Barré syndrome). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve Supplement 11: S59–S65, 2002
Balancing self/collective-interest: equity theory for prosocial consumption

Purpose This work aims to use equity theory to explore how consumers assess prosocial actions as part of a mental portfolio of purchases and behaviors in a broader marketplace, seeking balance in market exchanges. Conceptualizing marketing exchange as both an exchange of perceived value and a balance between self- and collective-interest allows for segmentation by consumer sensitivity to equity and sheds light on why prosocial consumption might occur. Design/methodology/approach Two studies validate and segment consumers via their equity sensitivity. Between-subject designs with samples of consumers and marketing managers validate an equity sensitivity index that segments how people balance self- and collective-interests in marketplace exchange and predicts prosocial consumption choices. Findings The results indicate that Entitled decision makers are more willing to exchange collective-interest for self-interest and emphasize choices that maximize lower prices for consumers or greater profits for firms in lieu of prosocial outcomes. Benevolent decision makers, however, are more willing to exchange self-interest for collective-interest and support prosocial outcomes. Originality/value This work moves beyond research that focuses on attitudes, values and situational factors, instead using equity theory to uncover broader marketplace motivations for prosocial consumption. The research reveals that a motivating force behind prosocial consumption is how much consumers perceive they have given to, and gotten, from, the marketplace. Segmenting the market according to how consumers balance gains and losses provides an alternate approach to studying prosocial consumption, as well as a practical approach to developing targeted marketing strategies.
Perceived parental acceptance/rejection and psychopathology in a group of sexually abused children/adolescents.

AIM To investigate perceived maternal acceptance/rejection in a group of sexually abused children/adolescents. Quality of the relationship between caregiver and child has been linked to many behavioral and emotional problems of childhood. For those children/ adolescents subject to sexual abuse, perceived parental acceptance/ rejection is an important component of well being. METHODS A total of 28 abused children/adolescents and their mothers participated in the study. The victims were sent by the court to the Uludag University Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department for psychiatric evaluation. Numerical variables are presented with mean and standard deviation, categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. Nonparametric correlation analysis was used for the relationship between psychological adjustment and perceived parental acceptance of children. RESULTS The results of the study show that there was a significant correlation among child and mother reports of perceived acceptance. Children/adolescents also displayed more psychological adjustment than maladjustment. According to the Children's Depression Inventory, 15 victims were depressed and 13 were not. There was no remarkable difference between depressed and non-depressed subjects in terms of depression scores. Overall, the results of the study showed that both abused children/adolescents and their mothers perceived a positive relationship as measured by Perceived Parental Acceptance and Rejection Questionnaire-Control scores. CONCLUSION The findings suggested that a well-established, healthy emotional bond is resilient to challenges, as was the case in the sexually abused children/adolescents of the study.
Financial Education for low-income women: a parallel to Social and Collaborative Economy

The understanding of the daily financial habits of low-income women, specifically the beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família Program, is the starting point of a field study conducted by the Brazilian Financial Education Association (AEF-Brasil), organization that operates the National Strategy Financial Education, federal state policy. The understanding of such habits led to the development of educational social technology for this vulnerable public, aiming to improve their behavior in relation to money, especially the planning and the pursuit of the realization of dreams. It is related to understanding how such Technology would impact the lives of these women and their families, as well as on the engagement and reflection on the role of the Social and Collaborative Economy in the new economic arrangements, especially among populations that are on the margins of the consumer society.
Qualitative research: a valuable tool for transfusion medicine

T he first paper of this series on qualitative research described the major qualitative methodologies and methods for collecting qualitative data and provided examples from the field of transfusion medicine to illustrate how these can be applied. This paper focuses on qualitative data analysis, including tools and techniques, and discusses three important issues in qualitative research: sampling, appraisal of qualitative research, and ethical considerations.
Optimal module implementation and its application to transistor placement

The authors present an algorithm for selecting implementations for rectangular modules given a placement of the modules in multiple rows. A module is a rectangle with terminals located on the top and the bottom edges. An implementation of a module is specified by its dimension and a placement of the terminals along the top and bottom edges of the module. The algorithm accepts as input a placement of the modules and a set of possible implementations of each module, and selects an implementation for each module to minimize the total height of the layout. The time complexity of the algorithm is specified. The authors also present two extensions of the algorithm. The algorithm can be applied to CMOS transistor placement and has been implemented in the custom cell synthesis system of the MCC Physical Satellite. The algorithm was tested on cells selected from the MCNC benchmarks and industry, and reductions of up to 19% in layout area were obtained. <<ETX>>
Pathogenicity of O. circumcincta, O. ostertagi and H. contortus in weanling stag fawns (Cervus elaphus).

Groups of four stag fawns, weighing 51 +/- 0.8 kg, were-infected with 30,000 larvae of one of three nematode parasites: O.circumcincta, O.ostertagia, or H.contortus. A further four remained as control. Individual feed intake, body-weight, faecal egg count and plasma pepsinogen concentration were measured during seven weeks after infection. Only infection with H.contortus caused significant elevation of pepsinogen concentration to 380ml/ L and consistent depression of feed intake (15%). Worm egg counts were below 300 e.p.g. in deer infected with all worm species. It is concluded that while resistance to development of parasites common to other species appears to be high further investigation of the susceptibility of deer to H. contortus infection would be justifiable.
Leptospirosis in Mexico: Epidemiology and Potential Distribution of Human Cases

Background Leptospirosis is widespread in Mexico, yet the potential distribution and risk of the disease remain unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings We analysed morbidity and mortality according to age and gender based on three sources of data reported by the Ministry of Health and the National Institute of Geography and Statics of Mexico, for the decade 2000–2010. A total of 1,547 cases were reported in 27 states, the majority of which were registered during the rainy season, and the most affected age group was 25–44 years old. Although leptospirosis has been reported as an occupational disease of males, analysis of morbidity in Mexico showed no male preference. A total number of 198 deaths were registered in 21 states, mainly in urban settings. Mortality was higher in males (61.1%) as compared to females (38.9%), and the case fatality ratio was also increased in males. The overall case fatality ratio in Mexico was elevated (12.8%), as compared to other countries. We additionally determined the potential disease distribution by examining the spatial epidemiology combined with spatial modeling using ecological niche modeling techniques. We identified regions where leptospirosis could be present and created a potential distribution map using bioclimatic variables derived from temperature and precipitation. Our data show that the distribution of the cases was more related to temperature (75%) than to precipitation variables. Ecological niche modeling showed predictive areas that were widely distributed in central and southern Mexico, excluding areas characterized by extreme climates. Conclusions/Significance In conclusion, an epidemiological surveillance of leptospirosis is recommended in Mexico, since 55.7% of the country has environmental conditions fulfilling the criteria that favor the presence of the disease.
A comparative study of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin erythrocyte distribution

The present work deals with the in vitro and in vivo distribution of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in erythrocytes. In vitro studies were carried out in standard solutions prepared using fresh blood for a concentration range between 100 and 0.25 μg mL−1. A 5 mg kg−1 bolus dose was administered to rabbits and erythrocyte and plasma kinetics were determined over 8 h.
Attention-Based Convolutional Neural Network for the Detection of Built-Up Areas in High-Resolution SAR Images

The detection of built-up areas is essential for high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Rader (SAR) applications, such as urban planning and environmental monitoring. In this paper, we proposed an attention based convolutional neural network for the detection of built-up areas in SAR images. Our network composes of two parts. First part contains two branches, one is designed to obtain high detection rate and the other one is designed to obtain low false alarm rate. Second part aims to merge the advantages of the two detection results of first part by using attention mechanism. Experiments on TerraSAR-X high resolution SAR images over Beijing demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed method.
An antenna for UWB and Bluetooth standards with band-notched characteristic

This paper presents the design and results of a small size, integrated Bluetooth and Ultrawideband (UWB) planar monopole antenna with a band-notched characteristic in the WLAN band. The antenna consists of a dual-ring radiator as the primary radiation element for the Bluetooth and UWB bands and a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) to produce a notched characteristic at the center frequency of 5.5GHz. The return loss, voltage-standing-wave ratio (VSWR), radiation pattern and peak gain of the antenna are studied by computer simulation and verified by measurements which agree well with the simulation results.
Stochastic Subgrid-Scale Ocean Mixing: Impacts on Low-Frequency Variability

AbstractIn global ocean models, the representation of small-scale, high-frequency processes considerably influences the large-scale oceanic circulation and its low-frequency variability. This study investigates the impact of stochastic perturbation schemes based on three different subgrid-scale parameterizations in multidecadal ocean-only simulations with the ocean model NEMO at 1° resolution. The three parameterizations are an enhanced vertical diffusion scheme for unstable stratification, the Gent–McWilliams (GM) scheme, and a turbulent kinetic energy mixing scheme, all commonly used in state-of-the-art ocean models. The focus here is on changes in interannual variability caused by the comparatively high-frequency stochastic perturbations with subseasonal decorrelation time scales. These perturbations lead to significant improvements in the representation of low-frequency variability in the ocean, with the stochastic GM scheme showing the strongest impact. Interannual variability of the Southern Ocean e.
A framework for multiple robust explicit MPC controllers for linear systems

This article presents a multi-mode explicit controller for constrained linear systems with bounded disturbances using a switching strategy based on Model Predictive Control (MPC). In the proposed approach, the system switches among several MPC controllers having different performance levels. The switching is done so as to achieve increasing levels of performance as time evolves, reaching the desired controller in finite time steps. The conditions needed for switching and robust convergence of the multi-mode MPC controllers are provided. Compared with standard robust explicit MPC implementations, the proposed approach has the flexibility of having a large domain of attraction, a good asymptotic behaviour and a small number of partitions.