Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring influencing factors for the selection of mobile phone service providers: A structural equational modeling (SEM) approach on Malaysian consumers

The aim of this paper is to assess the factors that have played significant role to select telecommunication service providers. A survey instruments were employed on Malaysian mobile phone operator’s consumers’ included by demographic background, price, service quality, service availability and promotion. Data were collected from the consumers’ of three mobile phone operator’s from major cities in Malaysia. To determine the factors and examining their relationship of those factors towards the consumer’s perception in selecting an operator’s services. This research has applied exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling for testing hypotheses. From the result it is revealed price or call rate is the most important factor followed by service quality, service availability and promotion. It is hoped that the findings of this study will assist the mobile phone industry of Malaysia in what they can produce in their services and how they want to promote their services as well. The findings of this study also assist mobile phone operator’s managers to invest their resources more efficiently, making changes to crucial quality attributes that elicit the consumer’s satisfaction level. However, the findings of this study may provide needed feedback and contribute to the improvement of players’ strategy and their marketing program. The study only included information of limited variables and from few cities in Malaysia with limited sample size. However, further research should be considered to gather more information regarding the brand image, corporate image, and customers’ satisfaction dimensions in context of the Malaysian mobile phone operators with larger sample.
Old And New Theories Of Economic Growth (Ii Part)

In this article an attempt has been made to give comparative analysis of old and new theory of economic growth. The field of economic growth has became again very dynamic and very interesting after appearance of seminal Romer's 1986 and Lucas's 1988 articles, which initiated so called new theory of economic growth, sometime termed as theory of endogenous technological progress. This new theory, in some very important issues, stands in a sharp contrast with the old neoclassical version of theory of economic growth, which similarly can be termed as the theory of exogenous technological progress Apart from the introduction and the concluding section, core of the article is presented in four sections. In first of them exposition of old version of neoclassical growth theory is given. In the following 3 sections survey of new theory is given. Version that eliminates assumption of diminishing returns to capital is discussed first. Than, version that uses human capital as engine of growth is presented. After that, models that use R&D as engine of growth is discussed. Models with spillovers from international trade are also shortly presented.
Estimation of serum zinc and copper levels patients with schizophrenia: a preliminary study

Introduction: Trace elements are essential for normal metabolism. Their dysregulation adversely affects biological processes and may play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases including schizophrenia. The role of micronutrients in schizophrenia has been investigated in a limited number of studies; the results are inconclusive. Aims: To examine the serum levels of zinc and copper in patients with schizophrenia in comparison to healthy controls and also assess these levels in the acute and chronic stage of the illness Method: The study population comprised of 150 cases and 150 age-matched controls. Their serum zinc and copper levels were measured by an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Among the cases, the stage of illness was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score. Results: The zinc and copper levels were higher significantly in patients with schizophrenia than in the control group. Conclusion: The evaluation of zinc and copper levels in patients with schizophrenia warrants further study. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v5i1. 7076 SL J Psychiatry 2014; 5 (1): 14-17
A Study of Consumer Attitudes towards Mobile Advertising among the Undergraduates of University of Jaffna Srilanka

Since the development of communication technology. The mobile advertisement has played a major role in the day today life. Currently around 4.9 billion people in the world own 7.19 billion mobile subscriptions, consequently as a developing country Sri Lanka the number of mobile phone use is 22.1 million. Especially youth has used the mobile devices rapidly and active with mobile advertisements. More over University undergraduates very much spend time with the mobile phones and searching the advertisements and entertainment activities via mobile phone and WAP (wireless application protocol) facilities helps to involve the UOJSL (University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka) undergraduates to more user friendly with mobile phones. In this research the deductive approach has been implemented in order to answer the research questions. Quantitative data has been collected through a questionnaire. The statements used in the questionnaire are based on previous studies and theories. The data retrieved through the questionnaire has been analysed using SPSS. The results of this study showed the UOJSL undergraduates mainly consumer based acceptance drivers and innovation based acceptance driver’s levels are highly determining on attitudes towards mobile advertising. Furthermore, it was found that the more positive the attitude toward advertising in general is, and the more the consumer likes searching for product information. The main purpose of this research was to find out what the attitudes of the UOJSL undergraduates are toward mobile advertising. The statistical results showed a positive attitude toward mobile advertising.
Phenotype of Transgenic Tobacco Plants (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Petit Havana SR-1) Expressing 1724orf13 Gene of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain MAFF301724

Nicotiana tabacum cv. Petit Havana SR-1 transgenic plants expressing ORF13 of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain MAFF301724 under different promoters displayed plant morphology abnormalities. They were small, with short and variable internodes lengths; leaves were small, asymmetric, rounded, wrinkled and dark green; flowers were short, and irregularly shaped. This phenotype was also exhibited, similar, but not completely the same, to those of hairy root syndrome, indicating that expression of ORF13 influences plant development. Keywords: ORF13, Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain MAFF301724, transgenic plants, morphology abnormalities
Modeling, optimization, and control of microbial electrolysis cells in a fed‐batch reactor for production of renewable biohydrogen gas

An integrated modeling, optimization, and control approach for the design of a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) was studied in this paper. Initially, this study describes the improvement of the mathematical MEC model for hydrogen production from wastewater in a fed‐batch reactor. The model, which was modified from an already existing model, is based on material balance with the integration of bioelectrochemical reactions describing the steady‐state behavior of biomass growth, consumption of substrates, hydrogen production, and the effect of applied voltage on the performance of the MEC fed‐batch reactor. Another goal of this work is to implement a suitable control strategy to optimize the production of biohydrogen gas by selecting the optimal current and applied voltage to the MEC. Various simulation tests involving multiple set‐point changes, disturbance rejection, and noise effects were performed to evaluate the performance where the proposed proportional–integral–derivative control system was tuned with an adaptive gain technique and compared with the Ziegler–Nichols method. The simulation results show that optimal tuning can provide better control effect on the MEC system, where optimal H2 gas production for the system was achieved. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Organic chemistry in the innermost, infalling envelope of the Class 0 protostar L483

Context. Observations of the innermost regions of deeply embedded protostellar cores have revealed complicated physical structures as well as a rich chemistry with the existence of complex organic molecules. The protostellar envelopes, outflow, and large-scale chemistry of Class 0 and Class I objects have been well studied, but while previous works have hinted at or found a few Keplerian disks at the Class 0 stage, it remains to be seen if their presence in this early stage is the norm. Likewise, while complex organics have been detected toward some Class 0 objects, their distribution is unknown as they could reside in the hottest parts of the envelope, in the emerging disk itself, or in other components of the protostellar system, such as shocked regions related to outflows. Aims. In this work, we aim to address two related issues regarding protostars: when rotationally supported disks form around deeply embedded protostars and where complex organic molecules reside in such objects. We wish to observe and constrain the velocity profile of the gas kinematics near the central protostar and determine whether Keplerian motion or an infalling-rotating collapse under angular momentum conservation best explains the observations. The distribution of the complex organic molecules is used to investigate whether they are associated with the hot inner envelope or a possible Keplerian disk. Methods. We observed the deeply embedded protostar, L483, using Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 7 data from Cycles 1 and 3 with a high angular resolution down to ~0.1′′ (20 au) scales. We present new HCN J = 4–3, HCO+ J = 4–3, CS J = 7–6, and H13CN J = 4–3 observations, along with a range of transitions that can be attributed to complex organics, including lines of CH3OH, CH3OCHO, C2H5OH, NH2CHO, and other species. Results. We find that the kinematics of CS J = 7–6 and H13CN J = 4–3 are best fitted by the velocity profile from infall under conservation of angular momentum and not by a Keplerian profile. The only discernible velocity profile from the complex organics, belonging to CH3OCHO, is consistent with the infall velocity profile derived from CS J = 7–6 and H13CN J = 4–3. The spatial extents of the observed complex organics are consistent with an estimated ice sublimation radius of the envelope at ~50 au, suggesting that the complex organics exist in the hot corino of L483, where the molecules sublimate off the dust grain ice mantles and are injected into the gas phase. Conclusions. We find that L483 does not harbor a Keplerian disk down to at least 15 au in radius. Instead, the innermost regions of L483 are undergoing a rotating collapse and the complex organics exist in a hot corino with a radius of ~40–60 au. This result highlights that some Class 0 objects contain only very small disks, or none at all, and the complex organic chemistry take place on scales inside the hot corino of the envelope in a region larger than the emerging disk.
Estimation of optical absorption in anisotropic background

In this paper we present a model for anisotropic light propagation and reconstructions of optical absorption coefficient in the presence of anisotropies. To model the anisotropies, we derive the diffusion equation in an anisotropic case, and present the diffusion matrix as an eigenvalue decomposition. The inverse problem considered in this paper is to estimate the optical absorption when the directions of anisotropy are known, but the strength may vary. To solve this inverse problem, two approaches are taken. First, we assume that the strength of anisotropy is known, and compare maximum a posteriori reconstructions using a fixed value for the strength when the value for the strength is both correct and incorrect. We then extend the solution to allow an uncertainty of the strength of the anisotropy by choosing a prior distribution for the strength and calculating the marginal posterior density. Numerical examples of maximum a posteriori estimates are again presented. The results in this paper suggest that the anisotropy of the body is a property that cannot be ignored in the estimation of the absorption coefficient.
Leveraging Land to Enable Urban Transformation: Lessons from Global Experience

Around the world, in both developed and developing countries, policy makers use a variety of tools to manage and accommodate urban growth and redevelopment. Government officials have three main concerns in terms of land policy: (i) accommodating urban expansion, (ii) providing infrastructure, and (iii) managing density. Together, the planning for infrastructure and urban expansion, land use, and density policies combine to shape the spatial structure of cities. This paper reviews global experience on using land based instruments to accommodate urban development and financing infrastructure. The review suggests that urban transformation is most efficient when land markets are fluid, particularly when they are grounded in strong institutions that (i) assign and protect property rights, (ii) enable independent valuation and public dissemination of land values across uses, and (iii) enable the judicial system to handle disputes that may arise in the process.
The role of predation by harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus) in the collapse and non-recovery of northern Gulf of St. Lawrence cod (Gadus morhua)

: A statistical catch-at-age model was developed to assess the eﬀects of predation 1 by the northwest Atlantic harp seal population on northern Gulf of St. Lawrence cod by 2 estimating the relative importance of diﬀerent sources of mortality that aﬀected the stock 3 during a period of collapse and non-recovery. Cod recruitment at age 1 is modeled via a non- 4 linear stock-recruitment relationship based on total egg production and accounts for changes in 5 female length-at-maturity and cod condition. Natural mortality other than seal predation also 6 depends on cod condition used as an integrative index of changes in environmental conditions. 7 The linkage between seals and cod is modeled through a multi-age functional response that was 8 derived from the reconstruction of the seal diet using morphometric relationships and stomach 9 contents of more than 200 seals collected between 1998 and 2001. The model was ﬁtted 10 following a maximum likelihood estimation approach to a scientiﬁc survey abundance index 11 (1984-2006). Model results show that the collapse of the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence cod 12 stock was mainly due to the combination of high ﬁshing mortality rates and poor environmental 13 conditions in the early to mid-1990s contributing to the current state of recruitment overﬁshing. 14 The increase in harp seal abundance during 1984-2006 was reﬂected by an increase in predation 15 mortality for the young cod age-groups targeted by seals. Although current levels of predation 16 mortality aﬀect cod spawning biomass, the lack of recovery of the NGSL cod stock seems 17 mainly due to the situation of very poor recruitment. 18
The Quality of Mandatory Disclosure by Listed Companies in Bangladesh

The main thrust of this paper is to assess the level of mandatory disclosures attributable to the quality of mandatory disclosure practices by the listed companies in Bangladesh. It is also designed to examine the trend of disclosure over the year and to investigate the variation of disclosure across the samples and industries for measuring the quality of disclosure practices. Thirty annual reports for the year 2006-2010 of non-financial companies with listed Dhaka Stock Exchange in Bangladesh have been considered as sample to find the empirical result of this study. The outcome of the analysis reveals that the mean score of mandatory disclosure is 59.28 percent with a range of 45.34% to 71.85% and 87 percent of sample companies have shown a significant difference in the disclosure scores in their annual reports. The T-test result shows that there is a significant variation of disclosure among the sample firms and a little variation is observed over the years. But the result of F-test reports no variation of disclosure across the industrial sectors. The overall findings of this study is that the quality of mandatory disclosure practiced by listed companies in Bangladesh is being improved over the years at a little variation.
Systemic Risk and the U.S. Insurance Sector

This paper examines the potential for the U.S. insurance industry to cause systemic risk events that spill over to other segments of the economy. We examine primary indicators that determine whether institutions are systemically risky as well as contributing factors that exacerbate vulnerability to systemic events. Evaluation of systemic risk is based on a detailed financial analysis of the insurance industry, its role in the economy, and the interconnectedness of insurers. The primary conclusion is that the core activities of the U.S. insurers do not pose systemic risk. However, life insurers are vulnerable to intra-sector crises because of leverage and liquidity risk; and both life and property-casualty insurers are vulnerable to reinsurance crises arising from counterparty credit exposure. Non-core activities such as derivatives trading have the potential to cause systemic risk, and most global insurance organizations have exposure to derivatives markets. To reduce systemic risk from non-core activities, regulators need to develop better mechanisms for insurance group supervision.
Optimized Grid Power Injection with Maximum Power Point Tracking Using Cascaded SEPIC Converter and Three Phase Inverter

This paper presents modern single switch dc to dc converter modelling and control of a grid connected renewable energy. The system consists of a Photo voltaic cells, a SEPIC DC-DC converter used for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), a three-phase grid converter. A nonlinear control performance of a three-phase inverter is proposed to recompense unstable load currents. It permits whole control of DC bus voltage, while calculating power flow from the PV cells to the system and guarantying objective sinusoidal grid currents at unity Power factor under varying solar irradiation. Moreover, a sliding mode control system for a SEPIC DC-DC converter is used to extract the MPPT. The proposed control techniques have exposed good performance. The system is validated using the "Power system Block set" simulator under different values of the solar irradiation.
Volcanic sulfate deposition to Greenland and Antarctica: A modeling sensitivity study

Reconstructions of the atmospheric sulfate aerosol burdens resulting from past volcanic eruptions are based on ice core‐derived estimates of volcanic sulfate deposition and the assumption that the two quantities are directly proportional. We test this assumption within simulations of tropical volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections with the MAECHAM5‐HAM aerosol‐climate model. An ensemble of 70 simulations is analyzed, with SO2 injections ranging from 8.5 to 700 Tg, with eruptions in January and July. Modeled sulfate deposition flux to Antarctica shows excellent spatial correlation with ice core‐derived estimates for Pinatubo and Tambora, although the comparison suggests the modeled flux to the ice sheets is 4–5 times too large. We find that Greenland and Antarctic deposition efficiencies (the ratio of sulfate flux to each ice sheet to the maximum hemispheric stratospheric sulfate aerosol burden) vary as a function of the magnitude and season of stratospheric sulfur injection. Changes in simulated sulfate deposition for large SO2 injections are connected to increases in aerosol particle size, which impact aerosol sedimentation velocity and radiative properties, the latter leading to strong dynamical changes including strengthening of the winter polar vortices, which inhibits the transport of stratospheric aerosols to high latitudes. The resulting relationship between Antarctic and Greenland volcanic sulfate deposition is nonlinear for very large eruptions, with significantly less sulfate deposition to Antarctica than to Greenland. These model results suggest that variability of deposition efficiency may be an important consideration in the interpretation of ice core sulfate signals for eruptions of Tambora‐magnitude and larger.
Approaches to the System Salary Increase in the Region on The Ground of Labor Production Growth

In the article current economic task of salary and labor production increase is considered. Drawing on the example of Samara Region as one of stable developing region labor production dynamics is regarded and possibilities for average salary increase as one of the factors of population welfare are analyzed both in the region and in the certain activity fields. Key factors of growth indexes are defined; the necessity for labor production management on the governmental level is emphasized taking into account peculiarities of modern Russian situation. The mutual influence inconsistence of salary and labor production on the production effectiveness is considered. The necessity for research is revealed, which can allow to improve cooperation in the regional economic systems, to define reasons for indexes disbalance, to work out practical recommendations for salary level regulation in the region.
Chiral selection in wrapping, crossover, and braiding of DNA mediated by asymmetric bend-writhe elasticity

Wrapping, crossover, and braiding of DNA are the motifs of fundamental interest in genome packaging, gene regulation, and enzyme recognition. This study explores elastic mechanisms for the selection of chirality in wrapping, crossover, and braiding of DNA based on a coarse-grained model. The DNA model consists of two elastic chains that mutually intertwine in a right-handed manner forming a double-stranded helix with the distinction between major and minor grooves. Although individual potential energy functions of the DNA model have no asymmetry in terms of left and right twist, the model as a whole exhibits an asymmetric propensity to writhe in the left direction upon bending due to the right-handed helical geometry. Monte Carlo simulations of this model suggest that DNA has a propensity to prefer left-handed wrapping around a spherical core particle and also around a uniform rod due to the asymmetric elastic coupling between bending and writhing. This result indicates an elastic origin of the uniform left-handed wrapping of DNA in nucleosomes and also has implications on the wrapping of double-stranded DNA around rod-like molecules. Monte Carlo simulations of the DNA model also suggest that two juxtaposed DNA molecules can braid each other spontaneously under moderate attractive interactions with the preference for left-handed braiding due to the asymmetric coupling between bending and writhing. This result suggests the importance of asymmetric elasticity in the selection of chirality in braiding of a pair of DNA molecules.