Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Android malware detection based on permission combinations

Considering the resource limitations of mobile terminals, such as memory capacity and battery power, it will take a large portion of resources if the complex malicious detection system is implemented in mobile terminals. We proposed the training part to be implemented on the backend server and the detecting part to be implemented on the mobile terminals. In addition, we apply permission information to the applications installed on the terminals, because permission mechanism controls the applications' accesses to sensitive information. In our method, we first employ apriori algorithm to define the permission combinations to be the initial feature and calculate the threat level of permission based on the relative deviation distances. The distances are then used as weights to the classification algorithm. In the process, we apply an integrated feature selection approach based on the principle of self-learning to extract important features to form the feature set. Finally, the minimum risk Bayes algorithm is introduced to classify unknown applications. The experimental results show that our method is effective on imbalanced datasets.
A Simplified Leak Current Model for Electrical Landfill Leakage Detection

The electrical leakage detection methods are widely used to locate leaks in the geomembrane liners at landfills. The potential distribution in the medium above the liner determines the leak locations. A reasonable leak current model is the theoretical basis of potential distribution analysis. The traditional leak current model advanced by Parra results in a complex expression of potential, which is relative to many parameters. The complexity of equation lead to difficulty in the theoretical study. We set up a simply leak current model based on the fact the geomembrane liner is electrically resistive. The leak current was regarded as a point current source in this new model. The potential expression based on the new model was deduced. The comparisons between the two models show that: 1) the influence of the liner thickness and soil resistivity below the liner on the potential distribution in the medium above the liner is tiny, which can be totally ignored; 2) the calculated results according to the two models, respectively, are fully consistent on condition that the leak current is 100mA and the medium resistivity above the liner is 30&#937;. m.
On conventional beamforming and deconvolution

Conventional beamforming is robust but suffers from fat beams and high level sidelobes. This paper applies the Lucy-Richardson algorithm to the conventional beam power (versus the complex beam output) similar to image de-blurring, and thus avoid the instability problem of common deconvolution algorithms. The deconvolved beam power yields narrow (high resolution) beams and low sidelobe levels. It is shown that a weak target is detected amid loud interferers (with 25 dB higher signal level) using this method similar to that using the high resolution method, such as the dominant mode rejection (DMR) method or MVDR with diagonal loading.
The story of transgenic cereals: The challenge, the debate, and the solution—A historical perspective

Cereal grains have arguably been the most important source of food and nutrition for humans since the beginning of agriculture nearly 10 000 yr ago. Through much of this time only modest improvements in their quality and yield were attained through natural variation aided by human selection. Significant increases in productivity were made possible only after the rediscovery of Mendel’s laws of heredity at the beginning of the 20th century. These culminated with the exploitation of heterosis and the commercial production of hybrid maize in 1935, followed by the introduction of high-yielding Green Revolution varieties of wheat and rice in the mid-1960s. It is these new varieties that have made cereals the centerpiece of international agriculture, and are widely credited with saving hundreds of millions of human lives, and for spurring economic growth and food sufficiency in many countries, including China and India. Grain production increased 2–3% annually from the mid-1960s to about 1990, staying slightly ahead of the rate of human population growth. Since then annual increases in cereal productivity have declined to about 1%, lower than the rate of population increase. This has become a matter of serious concern for future food security. Many causes are attributed to this plateau in increasing productivity, including adverse soil, water, and environmental factors and the belief that cereals, like most other important food crops, may have reached the physiological limits of their productivity. There has been much discussion and argument, therefore, about finding new and more rapid means to improve crop productivity. Indra K. Vasil – born 1932 ( photo by M. Radlinski).
Traffic jam detection and control by crowdsourcing and a social network

Traffic jam detection and control is considered to be one of the toughest challenges ever. It would make people's lives easier and better organized, not having to worry about being late for work, taking a lot of time to go from one location to another and planning their travelling routes. Moreover, it would save them time and money and it would be extremely beneficial for the environment as well. With the growth of the Internet and the popularity of the social networks, great amount of the population is taking part of these networks, thus making them the primary source of obtaining information. Furthermore, the use of crowdsourcing methods is also something that is very popular nowadays due to the ability to obtain information with the help of collective intelligence and the advantage of applying this method to a large range of everyday challenges. In this paper, a concept for an application is presented, which would use both, the crowdsourcing method and one social network. The idea of this application is to provide connection and integration with Instagram's data, what's more, creating a system that provides information and content gathered through the crowdsourcing method, by posting news regarding the traffic in the city. The end-result is to make this application functional and helpful and making it a truly possible solution for this common problem.
Measurements of coronary flow reserve: defining pathophysiology versus making decisions about patient care.

THE POTENTIAL ATTRACTIVENESS of measurement of coronary flow reserve in an area ofmyocardium supplied by a stenosed coronary artery has long been recognized. As options for quantifying flow reserve in man have improved, there has been increasing interest in the use of flow reserve measurements to make individual patient care decisions as well as to define pathophysiology in patient groups. The requirements for effective use in individual patients are in many ways more stringent than in patient groups. Factors that must be considered on an individual rather than group basis include effects of variables potentially affecting flow reserve independently ofdegree of stenosis, theoretical and practical limitations of specific measurement techniques, and confidence limits for procedurally satis-factory measurements. of an settled the emphasized a number studies
DEGRADATION OF COLLAGENOUS SUBSTRATES BY BACTEROIDES MELANINOGENICUS

It is well known that certain Clostridiuni species produce proteolytic enzymes capable of hydrolyzing native collagen, but apparently other bacteria possessing such enzymes have not been reported. Organisms with this capacity have been sought unsuccessfully in traumatic wounds (MacLennen, Mandl, and Howes, 1953), among salt tolerant bacteria (Everett and Cordon 1955), and in the oral cavity of man (Roth and Meyers, 1956; Schultz-Haudt and Scherp, 1955; Mergenhagen and Scherp, 1960). It has seemed likely that collagenolytic organisms are among the members of the oral microbiota since collagen degradation is a feature of both dentinal caries (Engel, 1950) and periodontal disease (Lucas and Thonard, 1955). Clostridium species are absent from the oral cavity or present only as transients. In addition, it has been reported that mixed cultures from the oral cavity can degrade native collagen (Mergenhagen and Scherp, 1960). In the course of investigating the basis for pathogenicity of certain oral bacteria capable of producing a mixed anaerobic infection in guinea pigs, one bacterium, Bacteroides melaninogenicus, was found to hydrolyze native collagen. This paper presents the results of studies of this collagenolytic property.
Asymmetric price transmission in the Spanish lamb sector

This article investigates the non-linear adjustment between farm and retail prices in the lamb sector in Spain, using a three-regime Threshold Autoregressive Model. The results indicate that, in the long run, price transmission is perfect and any supply or demand shocks are fully transmitted along the marketing chain. In the short run, price adjustments between the farm and the retail levels are asymmetric and reveal a demand-pull transmission mechanism. On the other hand, retailers benefit from any shock, whether positive or negative, that affects supply or demand conditions. Copyright 2007, Oxford University Press.
MoCamMouse: Mobile camera-based mouse-like interaction

Mobile devices with direct touch input have already been ubiquitously used throughout the world. Limitations of direct touch input, e.g. hand occlusion and interaction through physical contact, lower user experience in many situations. In this paper, we present a camera-based mobile manipulation technique — MoCamMouse. MoCamMouse manipulation avoids hand occlusion and physical contact between the device and the pointing finger. Moreover, it enables mobile users with mouse-like interaction, including left-click, right-click, and long-press. We also show three application examples to demonstrate how to manipulate mobile user interface with MoCamMouse. The results of our user study reveal that most of the participants think that the MoCamMouse interactions are intuitive and easy-to-use.
The role of ESCRT-III in cell division

During cell division the genome is duplicated and s egregated along with organelles into the daughter c ells with high fidelity. The physical separation of the two daught er cells topologically resembles virus budding and multivesicular endosome (MVE) formation in the sense that they all involve outward budding from cytosol. According to the crucial role of the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) machinery that pinches off membranes in MVE biogenesis and virus budding, extensive work fr om several laboratories during the last six years h a now confirmed an essential role of ESCRT members also i n cytokinesis. This Deep Insight highlights the cur rent views explaining how the ESCRT machinery and associated p roteins collaborate to drive abscission of the inte rcellular bridge at the correct time when DNA and organelles are suc cessfully segregated. Even though the ESCRT machine ry seems to play a central role for proper cytokinesis, it is i mportant to emphasize that alternative mechanisms f or abscission have been proposed. Before the role of ESCRTs in cell di vision was discovered, secretory vesicles and recyc ling endosomes were hypothesized to provide the molecular machiner y r quired for abscission (Neto et al., 2011). Howe ver, this hypothesis is lately debated based on electron micr oscopy studies showing busy vesicle trafficking in the intercellular bridge early in cytokinesis but not when abscission occurs. Rather these vesicles seem to play importa nt roles prior to abscission, in the thinning of the intercellular br idge, which will be described later.
Development and validation of the Leuven intelligibility sentence test with male speaker (LIST-m)

Abstract Objective: In addition to the LIST with a female speaker (5), a new speech perception test with a male voice was developed and validated, for evaluating the intelligibility performance of cochlear implant (CI) users or severely hearing-impaired persons. Design: Three experimental steps were carried out: (1) a perceptual optimization of the recorded materials, (2) an evaluation in normal-hearing (NH) listeners, and (3) a validation in CI-users. Measurements were performed both in quiet and in noise. Study sample: Forty-four NH subjects and six CI-users participated. Results: After selecting the sentences with a similar intelligibility, the reference psychometric curve for NH listeners was determined, showing steep slopes for measurements in quiet (12.3%/dB) and in noise (18.7%/dB), similar to the LIST with female voice. The 38 lists of 10 sentences yielded equal scores, and the within-subject test-retest reliability was high (1.7 dB in quiet, 1.1 dB in noise). For the CI-users, parallel psychometric curves were found between the LIST with male and female voice. Conclusions: The LIST-m is a reliable and valid speech intelligibility test that can be used for CI-users, both in quiet and in noise.
First evidence of ethylene production by Fusarium mangiferae associated with mango malformation

Malformation is arguably the most crucial disease of mango (Mangifera indica L.) at present. It is receiving great attention not only because of its widespread and destructive nature but also because of its etiology and control is not absolutely understood. Recently, Fusarium mangiferae is found to be associated with mango malformation disease. There are indications that stress ethylene production could be involved in the disease. Here we have shown the first direct evidence of production of ethylene in pure culture of F. mangiferae obtained from mango. The study also revealed that all the isolates dissected from mango acquire morphological features of F. mangiferae showing most similarity to the features of species with accepted standard features. The isolates of F. mangiferae from mango were observed to produce ethylene in significant amounts, ranging from 9.28–13.66 n mol/g dry wt/day. The findings presented here suggest that F. mangiferae could contribute to the malformation of mango by producing ethylene and probably stimulating stress ethylene production in malformed tissue of mango. Ethylene might be produced through 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenase-type ethylene-forming-enzyme (EFE) pathway in Fusarium sp, which needs to be investigated.
BALANCING DIVERSION CONTROL AND MEDICAL NECESSITY: THE CASE OF PRESCRIPTION DRUGS WITH ABUSE POTENTIAL

Narcotics and other prescription drugs play a significant and legitimate role in medical practice. The illicit use of prescribed medicines, however, remains a major problem. This paper examines the effectiveness of two drug diversion control programs, multiple copy prescriptions programs (MCPP) and electronic data transfer (EDT) systems, and their impact on medical practice. Current evidence demonstrates that these programs decrease prescription drug use, with much of the decrease due to declines in inappropriate use. MCPPs appear more effective than EDT in preventing diversion. More research is needed, however, to assess their effects on medical practice, particularly patient quality of care. [Translations are provided in the International Abstracts Section of this issue. ]
Arsenic Uptake by Lemna minor in Hydroponic System

Arsenic is hazardous and causes several ill effects on human beings. Phytoremediation is the use of aquatic plants for the removal of toxic pollutants from external media. In the present research work, the removal efficiency as well as the arsenic uptake capacity of duckweed Lemna minor has been studied. Arsenic concentration in water samples and plant biomass were determined by AAS. The relative growth factor of Lemna minor was determined. The duckweed had potential to remove as well as uptake arsenic from the aqueous medium. Maximum removal of more than 70% arsenic was achieved at initial concentration of 0.5 mg/l arsenic on 15th day of experimental period of 22 days. Removal percentage was found to decrease with the increase in initial concentration. From BCF value, Lemna minor was found to be a hyperaccumulator of arsenic at initial concentration of 0.5 mg/L, such that accumulation decreased with increase in initial arsenic concentration.
Optimizing the Release Conditions for a Free Throw in Wheelchair Basketball

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the optimal release conditions and corresponding arm movement pattern for the free throw for players classified as 3 to 4.5 on the international player classification system in wheelchair basketball. A 2-D, three-segment simulation model was used to investigate this problem. The computational process involved a two-step optimization scheme in which an outer computational loop was used to optimize the magnitude and timing of the muscle torques that generate the arm's motion, and an inner computational loop was used to determine the optimal angle and speed of the ball at the moment of release. The inner optimization loop revealed that Brancazio's (1981) and Hay's (1993) approaches to determining the optimal release angle produced identical results. The lowered seated height of the wheelchair basketball player required that the ball be released at a steeper angle with greater vertical velocity, and hence the need for greater shoulder torque. For the wheelcha.
Avaliando o Uso das Ferramentas Educacionais no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem Moodle

Os ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem (AVA) tem contribuido para o crescimento e popularizacao da modalidade de ensino a distância. Tais AVAs sao dotados de uma variedade de ferramentas cujo objetivo e facilitar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Entretanto, poucos estudos tem sido realizados para avaliar a eficacia destas ferramentas. O objetivo deste trabalho e avaliar o uso destas ferramentas e o impacto das mesmas sobre o desempenho dos estudantes nas disciplinas. Tal avaliacao foi realizada no AVA Moodle e os resultados mostram que a maioria das ferramentas disponiveis no Moodle estao sendo subutilizadas e que a relacao entre elas e o desempenho dos estudantes esta muito baixa.
The developmental defects associated with neuroblastoma—etiologic implications

The case of an infant with neuroblastoma syndactyly and rib anomalies is presented. Twenty‐six cases of neuroblastoma have been recorded in which a variety of developmental defects have been found. The possible etiologic implications of the association of developmental defects with neuroblastoma are discussed. The absence generally of familial aggregation of neuroblastoma or of a specific pattern of associated developmental defects is consistent with the hypothesis that most cases of neuroblastoma result from sporadic postzygotic disorders. That germinal mutation may also rarely lead to neuroblastoma is suggested by the existence of four affected siblings in a single report.
Shoenfield is Gödel after Krivine

We show that Shoenfield's functional interpretation of Peano arithmetic can be factorized as a negative translation due to J. L. Krivine followed by Gödel's Dialectica interpretation. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Vehicle Localization in Outdoor Mountainous Forested Paths and Extension of Two-Dimensional Road Centerline Maps to Three-Dimensional Maps

This paper presents an approach for vehicle three-dimensional (3-D) localization in outdoor woodland environments where a previously available two-dimensional road centerline map is used in combination with a loosely coupled multi-sensor system to estimate the vehicle position in mountainous forested paths. The localization system is composed of a wheel encoder, an inertial measurement unit, a DGPS, a laser sensor and a barometer. An extended Kalman filter is used for sensor data fusion and pose estimation. When available, DGPS is used for 3-D dead reckoning accumulated error correction. During DGPS blackouts, the laser sensor is used for road extraction and measurement of the displacement of the vehicle to the road centerline, then the position is corrected towards the map. Moreover, the barometer that measures the height difference towards a reference is used to correct the estimated height in absence of DGPS 3-D data. The estimated height is added to the available road map to obtain a 3-D road centerline map that includes the road width measured with the laser sensor. Experimental results in large-scale real mountainous woodland environments show the robustness and simplicity of the proposed approach for vehicle localization and 3-D map extension.
Gaussian Process Regression for accurate prediction of prosthetic limb movements from the natural kinematics of intact limbs

We propose a Gaussian Process-based regression framework for continuous prediction of the state of missing limbs by exclusively decoding missing limb movements from intact limbs - we achieve this as we have measured the correlation structure and synergies of natural limb kinematics in daily life. Using the example of hand neuroprosthetic, we demonstrate how our model can use non-linear regression to infer the velocity of the flexion/extension joints of missing fingers by observing the intact joints using a data glove. We based our framework on hand joint velocity data, that we recorded with a sensorised glove from 7 able-bodied subjects performing everyday hand movements. We then simulate missing fingers by making our regressors predict the motion that a neuroprosthetic finger should execute based on the previously observed movements of intact fingers. Perhaps surprisingly, we achieve and R2 = 0.89 and an RMSE = 0.20°/s across all missing joints. Moreover, by performing one-subject-out cross validation, we can show that the prediction accuracy and precision has negligible significant loss of performance when tested on new subjects. This suggests that kinematic correlations in daily life can provide a powerful channel refining, if not driving, multi-source neuroprosthetic and Brain Computer Interface approaches.
Benefits in tasks related to everyday life competences after a working memory training in older adults

The impact of working memory (WM) training on everyday life functioning has rarely been examined, and it is not clear whether WM training gains are transferred to reasoning abilities. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a verbal WM training in older adults, in terms of specific gains and transfer effects to everyday life and reasoning abilities.