Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TXM : Une plateforme logicielle open-source pour la textométrie - conception et développement

Le projet de recherche Federation des recherches et developpements en textometrie autour de la creation d'une plateforme logicielle ouverte diffuse sa plateforme d'analyse textometrique de corpus XML-TEI en ligne. La conception de cette plateforme repose sur une synthese des fonctionnalites des logiciels de textometrie existants. Elle s'appuie sur le recensement des technologies logicielles open-source disponibles et efficaces pour manipuler des ressources numeriques XML et Unicode, et sur un etat de l'art des moteurs de recherche en texte integral sur corpus structures et etiquetes. L'architecture consiste en une boite a outils Java articulant un composant moteur de recherche (IMS CWB), un environnement de calcul statistique (R) et un module d'importation de corpus XML-TEI. La plateforme est diffusee sous la forme d'une boite a outils en open-source pour les developpeurs informatique mais egalement sous la forme de deux applications pour les utilisateurs finaux de la textometrie : une application a installer sur un poste local (Windows ou Linux) et une application web accessible en ligne. Encore au debut de son developpement, la plateforme n'implemente a l'heure actuelle que quelques fonctionnalites essentielles, mais sa diffusion en open-source autorise un developpement communautaire ouvert. Cela doit faciliter son evolution et l'integration de nouveaux modeles et methodes.
Leguminous Plants in the Indonesian Archipelago: Traditional Uses and Secondary Metabolites

Indonesia is one of the richest countries with respect to plants resources. People from various ethnic, language, and religious groups have used the plants as alternative medicines, health foods and beverages for hundreds of years. To establish modern application for these understudied plant resources, ethnopharmacological data from more than 40 leguminous plants in Indonesia, spanning the western to the eastern parts of the Indonesian archipelago, were reviewed. In particular, bioactive secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, were described in detail to promote research into these plants as functional foods, nutraceuticals, and medicines.
Es La Coyuntura Económica Un Resultado De Las Expectativas Empresariales? Análisis De La EOIC 1990-2008 (Is the Economic Situation a Consequence of Firms' Expectations? EOIC Analysis 1990-2008)

Con la formulacion de la teoria de las expectativas racionales, el analisis de las predicciones de los agentes economicos ha cobrado un papel muy importante en el desarrollo de la mayoria de teorias economicas. En este trabajo se estiman tests de “No Causalidad” de Granger, Sims y Toda, y de Yamamoto, para determinar si las expectativas empresariales causan la coyuntura industrial en Colombia. Para ello, se utilizan datos de encuestas de opinion procedentes de gremios privados y del DANE. Los resultados son concluyentes: las expectativas parecen incidir en el comportamiento futuro de variables como ventas, produccion y empleo industrial. De manera recurrente, los resultados sugieren que, en la formacion de expectativas, toman parte esas mismas variables, las expectativas anteriores y el comportamiento de la demanda, variable exogena a la empresa, medida en los niveles de pedidos y de inventarios. ***** Since the appearance of rational expectations theory, the analysis of the predictions of economic agents has become a very important issue in recent economic theories. In this paper Granger, Sims and Toda and Yamamoto “Non-Causality” tests are estimated in order to determine if firm’s expectations cause industrial conjuncture in Colombia. Private surveys and official data are used. Results are conclusive: expectations affect the future values of industrial variables such as production, employment and sells. Furthermore, these variables, along with past expectations and demand (measured through inventories and orders) are essential when firm expectations are created.
Deconstructing Retinal Organoids: Single Cell RNA‐Seq Reveals the Cellular Components of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell‐Derived Retina

The rapid improvements in single cell sequencing technologies and analyses afford greater scope for dissecting organoid cultures composed of multiple cell types and create an opportunity to interrogate these models to understand tissue biology, cellular behavior and interactions. To this end, retinal organoids generated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were analyzed by single cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐Seq) at three time points of differentiation. Combinatorial data from all time points revealed the presence of nine clusters, five of which corresponded to key retinal cell types: retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), cone and rod photoreceptors, and Müller glia. The remaining four clusters expressed genes typical of mitotic cells, extracellular matrix components and those involved in homeostasis. The cell clustering analysis revealed the decreasing presence of mitotic cells and RGCs, formation of a distinct RPE cluster, the emergence of cone and rod photoreceptors from photoreceptor precursors, and an increasing number of Müller glia cells over time. Pseudo‐time analysis resembled the order of cell birth during retinal development, with the mitotic cluster commencing the trajectory and the large majority of Müller glia completing the time line. Together, these data demonstrate the feasibility and potential of scRNA‐Seq to dissect the inherent complexity of retinal organoids and the orderly birth of key retinal cell types. Stem Cells 2019;37:593–598
Let it RE:IN: integrating experimental observations to predict pluripotency network behaviour

Our ability to reprogram cells and induce transitions between states has fast become a commonplace tool, but our understanding of the underlying processes and capacity to predict these is still relatively rudimentary. A new article by Dunn et al ( ) combines a computational reasoning approach with experimental observation to construct a network‐level understanding of the transcription factors instructing acquisition of naïve pluripotency during reprogramming.
Is the routine use of magnetic resonance imaging indicated in patients with scoliosis?

Background To assess the reliability of the indicators for performing magnetic resonance imaging in patients with scoliosis and assess the incidence of neural axis anomalies in a population with scoliosis referred to a specialist centre. Methods A retrospective review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports of all patients under the age of 18 who underwent a pre-operative MRI for investigation of their scoliosis between 2009 and 2014 at a single institution was performed. Results There were 851 patients who underwent an MRI scan of their whole spine with a mean age of 14.08 years. There were 211 males and 640 females. One hundred and fourteen neural axis abnormalities (NAA) were identified. The presence of a left sided thoracic curve, a double thoracic curve, being male nor being diagnosed before the age of 10 were found to be statistically significant for the presence of a NAA. Furthermore, 2.34% of patients were also found to have an incidental finding (IF) of an extraspinal abnormality. Conclusions From our series, the reported indications for performing an MRI scan in the presence of scoliosis are not reliable for the presence of an underlying NAA. We have demonstrated that there is a number of intra and extra dural anomalies found on MRI without clinical symptoms and signs. This acts as normative information for this group. Keywords Scoliosis; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); neural axis abnormalities (NAA); adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).
Simulation de chevelures virtuelles

Du fait de l'importance accrue des personnages virtuels dans tous les secteurs du loisir numerique, la simulation de chevelures est devenue, ces dernieres annees, un theme de recherche tres actif en informatique graphique. Par ailleurs, la simulation physique de cheveux attire de plus en plus l'attention des cosmetologues, qui voient dans le prototypage virtuel un moyen efcace pour mettre au point des produits capillaires. Cette these s'attaque a deux grandes difcultes antagonistes liees a la simulation de chevelures : d'une part, la simulation en temps interactif d'une chevelure complete ; d'autre part, le realisme physique de la forme et du mouvement d'une chevelure. Dans un premier temps, nous elaborons de nouveaux algorithmes visant a reduire le cout de calcul inherent aux methodes classiques d'animation de chevelures. Nos approches exploitent pour la premiere fois l'animation multi-resolution et le rendu volumique de longs cheveux, donnant lieu a des simulations interactives. Dans un second temps, nous proposons un modele physiquement realiste de chevelure, realise en collaboration avec des specialistes en modelisation mecanique et en cosmetologie. Nous presentons tout d'abord le modele mecanique precis de cheveu unique, issu de la theorie de Kirchhoff sur les tiges elastiques, dont nous avons participe a l'elaboration au cours de ce partenariat. Etendu a l'echelle de la chevelure complete, ce modele est ensuite applique a la generation realiste de coiffures naturelles tatiques, puis a la simulation dynamique de chevelures d'origines ethniques variees, avant d'etre nalement valide a travers un ensemble de comparaisons avec le reel.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an independent predictor for 30-day readmissions following 1- to 2-level posterior lumbar fusions.

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Past literature has demonstrated that patients with COPD are at an increased risk of post-operative complications. We assessed the impact of COPD on 30-day outcomes following a 1- to 2-level posterior lumbar fusion (PLF). Methods The 2012-2016 American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database was queried using current procedural terminology (CPT) codes 22612, 22630 and 22633 to identify patients undergoing PLFs. Only patients undergoing a 1- to 2-level PLF for degenerative spine pathologies were included. Results In total, 1,123 (4.8%) of 23,481 patients undergoing an elective PLF had a diagnosis of COPD at the time of the surgery. Following adjusted logistic regression analysis, COPD was significantly associated with a longer length of stay of >3 days [odds ratio (OR), 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32-1.48; P=0.008], shorter total operative time (OR, 0.83; 95% CI: 0.73-0.94; P=0.003), discharge to skilled nursing care or rehabilitation facility (OR, 1.28; 95% CI: 1.09-1.51; P=0.002), pneumonia (OR, 2.53; 95% CI: 1.62-3.97; P<0.001) and 30-day readmissions (OR, 1.31; 95% CI: 1.03-1.65; P=0.025). Conclusions Patients with COPD are more likely to have a longer length of stay, discharge to nursing care/rehabilitation facility, and higher risk of pneumonia and readmissions within 30-days following 1- and 2-level PLF. Our analysis of a large national cohort of patients highlights the importance of pre-operative and post-operative medical optimization in these high-risk patients.
Experience of mental health diagnosis and perceived misdiagnosis in autistic, possibly autistic and non-autistic adults

Previous research shows that autistic people have high levels of co-occurring mental health conditions. Yet, a number of case reports have revealed that mental health conditions are often misdiagnosed in autistic individuals. A total of 420 adults who identified as autistic, possibly autistic or non-autistic completed an online survey consisting of questions regarding mental health diagnoses they received, whether they agreed with those diagnoses and if not why. Autistic and possibly autistic participants were more likely to report receiving mental health diagnoses compared to non-autistic participants, but were less likely to agree with those diagnoses. Thematic analysis revealed the participants’ main reasons for disagreement were that (1) they felt their autism characteristics were being confused with mental health conditions by healthcare professionals and (2) they perceived their own mental health difficulties to be resultant of ASC. Participants attributed these to the clinical barriers they experienced, including healthcare professionals’ lack of autism awareness and lack of communication, which in turn prevented them from receiving appropriate support. This study highlights the need for autism awareness training for healthcare professionals and the need to develop tools and interventions to accurately diagnose and effectively treat mental health conditions in autistic individuals.
OMIP‐051 – 28‐color flow cytometry panel to characterize B cells and myeloid cells

This 28-color flow cytometry panel focuses on B cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes and was optimized for cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In addition to markers enabling the analysis of monocytes (CD14) and definition of subsets within B cells (CD10, CD19, CD20, CD21, CD27, IgD, IgM) and dendritic cells (CD1c, CD11c, CD123, CD141, HLA-DR), we included functional markers such as chemokine receptors (CXCR3, CXCR5), surface immunoglobulins (IgA, IgD, IgG, IgM), Fc receptors (CD16, CD23, CD32, CD64), inhibitory molecules (CD73, CD85j), the co-stimulatory molecule CD40, and cytokine receptors (IL-21R, BAFF-R, TACI), which enables in-depth characterization of B cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes.
Epilithic Biofilms in Lake Baikal: Screening and Diversity of PKS and NRPS Genes in the Genomes of Heterotrophic Bacteria

Abstract A collection of heterotrophic bacteria consisting of 167 strains was obtained from microbial communities of biofilms formed on solid substrates in the littoral zone of Lake Baikal. Based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments, the isolates were classified to four phyla: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. To assess their biotechnological potential, bacteria were screened for the presence of PKS (polyketide synthase) and NRPS (non-ribosomal peptide synthetases) genes. PKS genes were detected in 41 strains (25%) and NRPS genes in 73 (43%) strains by PCR analysis. The occurrence of PKS genes in members of the phylum Firmicutes (the genera Bacillus and Paenibacillus) was 34% and NRPS genes were found in 78%. In Proteobacteria, PKS and NRPS genes were found in 20% and 32%, and in 22% and 22% of Actinobacteria, respectively. For further analysis of PKS and NRPS genes, six Bacillus and Paenibacillus strains with antagonistic activity were selected and underwent phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes. The identification of PKS and NRPS genes in the strains investigated was demonstrated among the homologues the genes involved in the biosynthesis of antibiotics (bacillaene, difficidine, erythromycin, bacitracin, tridecaptin, and fusaricidin), biosurfactants (iturin, bacillomycin, plipastatin, fengycin, and surfactin) and antitumor agents (epothilone, calyculin, and briostatin). Bacillus spp. 9A and 2A strains showed the highest diversity of PKS and NRPS genes. Bacillus and Paenibacillus strains isolated from epilithic biofilms in Lake Baikal are potential producers of antimicrobial compounds and may be of practical interest for biotechnological purposes.
Molecular Identification and Characterization of Hydroxycinnamoyl Transferase in Tea Plants (Camellia sinensis L.)

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) contains abundant secondary metabolites, which are regulated by numerous enzymes. Hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT) is involved in the biosynthesis pathways of polyphenols and flavonoids, and it can catalyze the transfer of hydroxyconnamoyl coenzyme A to substrates such as quinate, flavanol glycoside, or anthocyanins, thus resulting in the production of chlorogenic acid or acylated flavonol glycoside. In this study, the CsHCT gene was cloned from the Chin-Shin Oolong tea plant, and its protein functions and characteristics were analyzed. The full-length cDNA of CsHCT contains 1311 base pairs and encodes 436 amino acid sequences. Amino acid sequence was highly conserved with other HCTs from Arabidopsis thaliana, Populus trichocarpa, Hibiscus cannabinus, and Coffea canephora. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that CsHCT is highly expressed in the stem tissues of both tea plants and seedlings. The CsHCT expression level was relatively high at high altitudes. The abiotic stress experiment suggested that low temperature, drought, and high salinity induced CsHCT transcription. Furthermore, the results of hormone treatments indicated that abscisic acid (ABA) induced a considerable increase in the CsHCT expression level. This may be attributed to CsHCT involvement in abiotic stress and ABA signaling pathways.
Quantifying Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Care Among Patients Evaluated for Suspected Ischemic Heart Disease.

Background: Cardiovascular care sex differences are controversial. We examined sex differences in management and clinical outcomes among patients undergoing noninvasive testing for ischemic heart disease (IHD). Methods: In a rural integrated healthcare system, we identified adults age 40-79 without diagnosed IHD who underwent initial evaluation with a cardiac stress test with imaging or coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA), 2013-2014. We assessed sex differences in statin/aspirin therapy, revascularization, and adverse cardiovascular events. The 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association statin guidelines and U.S. Preventive Services Task Force aspirin guidelines were applied. Results: Among 2213 patients evaluated for IHD, median age was 57 years, 48.8% were women, and 9% had a positive stress test/CTA. Women were more likely to be missing lipid values than men (p < 0.001). Mean ASCVD risk score at baseline was 7.2% in women versus 12.4% in men (p < 0.001). There was no significant sex difference in statin therapy at baseline or 60-day follow-up. Women were less likely than men to be taking aspirin at baseline (adj. diff. = -8.5%; 95% CI, -4.2 to -12.9) and follow-up (adj. diff. = -7.7%; 95% CI, -3.3 to -12.1). There were no sex differences in revascularization after accounting for obstructive CAD or adverse cardiovascular outcomes during median follow-up of 33 months. Conclusion: In this contemporary cohort of patients with suspected IHD, women were less likely to receive lipid testing and aspirin therapy, but not statin therapy. Women did not experience worse outcomes. Sex differences in statin therapy reported by others may be due to inadequate accounting for baseline risk.
Contemporary Management of Direct Oral Anticoagulants During Cardioversion and Ablation for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

As overall prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) continues to rise, the number of patients who undergo ablation, or electrical/chemical cardioversion, to restore normal sinus rhythm continues to increase as well. As direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have continued to be incorporated into clinical practice for long‐term anticoagulation for AF, experience with how best to manage use of DOACs during electrophysiologic procedures is evolving. This review is intended to provide health care providers with a summary of current evidence regarding the use of DOACs during cardioversion and catheter ablation and provide key considerations for their use during such electrophysiologic procedures. PubMed and MEDLINE were searched from inception through June 2018 for studies in humans comparing DOACs alone or against vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in adult patients (> 18 yrs) who underwent cardioversion or AF catheter ablation using the following key words: “rivaroxaban,” “dabigatran,” “apixaban,” “edoxaban,” “non–vitamin K antagonists,” “direct or new oral anticoagulants,” “warfarin,” “vitamin K antagonists,” “cardioversion,” “ablation of atrial fibrillation,” “uninterrupted,” and “catheter ablation. ” Four retrospective studies and three prospective trials comparing DOACs with VKA in patients undergoing cardioversion and three prospective studies in patients undergoing catheter ablation for AF were identified. Observational data and meta‐analyses were also critically reviewed. Prospective trials to date suggest similar efficacy and safety with using DOACs in the setting of cardioversion and AF ablation compared to traditional therapy with VKA, with or without bridging. Injectable anticoagulant overlap can be avoided in patients receiving DOACs in the setting of cardioversion for AF. Minimal interruption in anticoagulation may be only necessary for AF ablation in those with highest bleeding risk, such as in renal dysfunction and where drug‐drug interactions may increase risk for anticoagulant accumulation. Periprocedural advantages of DOACs include convenience, rapid and predictable onset of effect, improved patient satisfaction, and potential for reduced costs.
Development of Pranoprofen Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers to Improve Its Release and Therapeutic Efficacy in Skin Inflammatory Disorders

Pranoprofen (PF)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), prepared using a high-pressure homogenization method, have been optimized and characterized to improve the biopharmaceutical profile of the drug. The optimized PF-NLCs exhibited physicochemical characteristics and morphological properties that were suitable for dermal application. Stability assays revealed good physical stability, and the release behavior of PF from these NLCs showed a sustained release pattern. Cell viability results revealed no toxicity. Ex vivo human skin permeation studies in Franz diffusion cells were performed to determine the influence of different skin penetration enhancers (pyrrolidone, decanol, octanoic acid, nonane, menthone, squalene, linoleic acid, and cineol) on skin penetration and retention of PF, being the highest dermal retention in the presence of linoleic acid. The selected formulations of NLCs exhibited a high retained amount of PF in the skin and no systemic effects. In vivo mice anti-inflammatory efficacy studies showed a significant reduction in dermal oedema. NLCs containing linoleic acid presented better anti-inflammatory efficacy by decreasing the production of interleukins in keratinocytes and monocytes. The biomechanical properties of skin revealed an occlusive effect and no hydration power. No signs of skin irritancy in vivo were detected. According to these results, dermal PF-NLCs could be an effective system for the delivery and controlled release of PF, improving its dermal retention, with reduced dermal oedema as a possible effect of this drug.