Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Centennial changes in surgical care and research.

Abstract : One hundred years ago, the 21st meeting of the American Surgical Association (ASA) began with R. F. Wier stating in his Presidential Address, I shall turn aside from the well trodden goal of ornate speech and oratorical display and tread for a few minutes the narrow path of scientific investigation. His address, entitled Perforating Ulcer of the Duodenum, essentially was based on 60 cases published by others in the 5 years preceding the meeting, and noted that the outcome of the reported cases was related to the time of operation. All 25 patients in whom closure was carried out 30 or more hours after perforation died, but 8 of the 12 patients in whom closure was performed less than 30 hours after perforation survived. The 33% mortality in those patients was contrasted favorably with the 60% mortality reported by a European surgeon. Wier noted that in 51 of the collected cases, the diagnosis was right or approximately so in 25%. His only patient with a perforated duodenal ulcer presented 4 days after perforation and died quickly after surgical closure.
Cardiac biomarkers in neonatal hypoxic ischaemia

Following a perinatal hypoxic–ischaemic insult, term infants commonly develop cardiovascular dysfunction. Troponin‐T, troponin‐I and brain natriuretic peptide are sensitive indicators of myocardial compromise. The long‐term effects of cardiovascular dysfunction on neurodevelopmental outcome following perinatal hypoxic ischaemia remain controversial. Follow‐up studies are warranted to ensure optimal cardiac function in adulthood.
Activities of daily living recognition using optimal trajectories from motion boundaries

The recognition of activities of daily living (ADLs) refers to the classification of activities commonly carried out in daily life, which are of particular interest in numerous applications, such as health monitoring, smart home environments and surveillance systems. We introduce a novel method for activity recognition, which achieves high recognition rates in ADL scenarios, comparable to, or better than, the State-of-the-Art (SoA). Meaningful areas of interest, the motion boundary activity areas, are introduced for dense sampling of interest points, significantly reducing the computational cost of action representation. Interest points are tracked over time by an enhanced Kanade Lucas Tomasi (KLT) tracker and accumulated in a three-dimensional trajectory structure, where multi-scale descriptors are formed. The temporal length of trajectories is determined online in an adaptive, non ad-hoc manner, by applying sequential statistical change detection on motion features via the Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) method. We thus build a multi-scale hybrid local-global appearance and motion descriptor, invariant to temporal changes, and supplemented with global location information. Encoding is performed using both standard Bag-of-Visual-Words (BoVW) and Fisher scheme, while a multiclass Support Vector Machine (SVM) is trained for recognition purposes. Extensive experimentation took place on both benchmark and our own data-sets, where it was demonstrated that our algorithm is robust to a wide range of viewing/recording conditions and human activities, achieving human activity recognition that is more accurate or comparable with the SoA.
Two Factor Authentication Using Smartphone Generated One Time Password

This paper explains a method of how the two factor authentication implemented using SMS OTP or OTP generated by Smartphone- One Time Password to secure user accounts. The proposed method guarantees authenticating online banking features are secured also this method can be useful for e-shopping & ATM machines. The proposed system involves generating and delivering a One Time Password to mobile phone. Smartphone can be used as token for creating OTP or OTP can be send to mobile phone in form of SMS. The generated OTP is valid for only for short period of time and it is generated and verified using Secured Cryptographic Algorithm. The proposed system has been implemented and tested successfully. Keywords - OTP, Authentication, SHA-1, Cloud, token, Android
A physical model of sensorimotor interactions during locomotion

In this paper, we describe the development of a bipedal robot that models the neuromuscular architecture of human walking. The body is based on principles derived from human muscular architecture, using muscles on straps to mimic agonist/antagonist muscle action as well as bifunctional muscles. Load sensors in the straps model Golgi tendon organs. The neural architecture is a central pattern generator (CPG) composed of a half-center oscillator combined with phase-modulated reflexes that is simulated using a spiking neural network. We show that the interaction between the reflex system, body dynamics and CPG results in a walking cycle that is entrained to the dynamics of the system. We also show that the CPG helped stabilize the gait against perturbations relative to a purely reflexive system, and compared the joint trajectories to human walking data. This robot represents a complete physical, or ‘neurorobotic’, model of the system, demonstrating the usefulness of this type of robotics research for investigating the neurophysiological processes underlying walking in humans and animals.
Quantitative Measurements of Memory Effects in Wideband RF Power Amplifiers Driven by Modulated Signals

This letter proposes a novel metric to measure quantitatively the electrical memory effects in wideband power amplifiers (PAs) fed with modulated signals. With the proposed memory effect metrics, the intensity of the electrical memory effects for different PAs, under a variety of the excitation modulated signals, can be quantitatively defined. The examples given in this letter illustrate the effectiveness of this definition in measuring the electrical memory effects
Stern potential and Debye length measurements in dilute ionic solutions with electrostatic force microscopy

We demonstrate the ability to measure Stern potential and Debye length in dilute ionic solution with atomic force microscopy. We develop an analytic expression for the second harmonic force component of the capacitive force in an ionic solution from the linearized Poisson–Boltzmann equation. This allows us to calibrate the AFM tip potential and, further, obtain the Stern potential of sample surfaces. In addition, the measured capacitive force is independent of van der Waals and double layer forces, thus providing a more accurate measure of Debye length.
Effect of Atrial Natriuretic Factor on Renin and Aldosterone

Summary: Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) inhibits basal and stimulated aldosterone production in vitro and in vivo. Infusions of ANF have been reported to inhibit renin release in several species, including humans. A 4‐h infusion of ANF into 12 patients with mild hypertension reduced plasma aldosterone at 2 and 4 h, with a rebound increase 2 h after the end of the infusion. Plasma renin activity also showed a mild but significant reduction at 2 h with a rebound increase at 6 h. The effect of ANF on renin release in vitro is controversial. Using a superfusion system of rat renal cortical slices and of dispersed juxtaglomerular (JG) cells, we found that ANF did not affect basal or isoproterenolstimulated renin release by the kidney slices or dispersed JG cells. These studies suggest that ANF does not inhibit renin release by a direct effect on the JG cells and that the inhibition of renin release found in in vivo studies may be mediated through a macula densa mechanism. Since calcium plays an important role in aldosterone secretion, we investigated the effect of ANF on calcium fluxes in rat adrenal glomerulosa cells. ANF did not affect either calcium influx or calcium efflux in rat adrenal glomerulosa cells. These studies suggest that the inhibitory effect of ANF on aldosterone production is distal to the calcium messenger system.
Treatment of Malassezia overgrowth with itraconazole in 15 cats

Malassezia species yeasts are part of the normal cutaneous microflora of many warm-blooded vertebrates ([Bond and others 1997][1], [2008][2], [Guillot and Bond 1999][3]). These fungi are not considered to be common pathogens in cats. However, reports of infection of cats with various species of
Pyogenic Liver Abscess with a Focus on Klebsiella pneumoniae as a Primary Pathogen: An Emerging Disease with Unique Clinical Characteristics

OBJECTIVES:Pyogenic liver abscess is a common intraabdominal infection. Historically, Escherichia coli (E. coli) has been the predominant causative agent. Klebsiella liver abscess (KLA) was first reported in Taiwan and has surpassed E. coli as the number one isolate from patients with hepatic abscesses in that country and reports from other countries, including the United States, have increased. We examined the microbiologic trends of pyogenic liver abscess at our institution to determine if a similar shift in etiologic agents was occurring.METHODS:We examined all cases of liver abscess at our institution from 1999 to 2003 via a retrospective chart review of inpatient records and reviewed the English literature via a MEDLINE search for all U.S. cases of KLA.RESULTS:Since 1966, only 12 cases of KLA have been reported in the United States. We report six cases of KLA at our institution alone; 2 patients were not Asian, and 4 were not diabetic. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) was the most common cause of pyogenic hepatic abscess at our institution over the last 5-yr period. When comparing Klebsiella versus other causes of pyogenic liver abscess, there were no significant differences in demographics or laboratory findings; however, most of our Klebsiella cases occurred among Filipinos. Review of the 18 cases of K. pneumoniae liver abscess in the United States showed that Klebsiella cases occurred predominantly among middle-aged men; 83% had concurrent bacteremia and 28% had metastatic complications. An increasing number of cases were reported from the United States since the mid-1990s.CONCLUSIONS:These data suggest that KLA may represent an emerging disease in Western countries, such as the United States. The diagnosis of K. pneumoniae should be considered in all cases of liver abscess, and appropriate antibiotic therapy and a diagnostic work-up for metastatic complications should be employed.
Predicting the pharmacology of thrombin inhibitors

Summary. Thrombotic disorders can lead to uncontrolled thrombin generation and clot formation within the circulatory system leading to vascular thrombosis. Direct inhibitors of thrombin have been developed and tested in clinical trials for the treatment of a variety of these thrombotic disorders. The bleeding complications observed during these trials have raised questions about their clinical use. The development of a computer‐based model of coagulation using the kinetic rates of individual reactions and concentrations of the constituents involved in each reaction within blood has made it possible to study coagulation pathologies in silico. We present an extension of our initial model of coagulation to include several specific thrombin inhibitors. Using this model we have studied the effect of a variety of inhibitors on thrombin generation and compared these results with the clinically observed data. The data suggest that numerical models will be useful in predicting the effectiveness of inhibitors of coagulation.
"To Cultivate Our Children to Be of East and West": Contesting Ethnic Heritage Language in Suburban Chinese Schools

“THE GREAT CHALLENGE AND INSPIRATION [for Chinese parents in the United States] is to cultivate our children to be you zhong you xi [of East and West] rather than bu zhong bu xi [without East or West],” members of the Association of Chinese Schools wrote in the group’s 1985 annual publication. Decades earlier, during the 1960s, Chinese suburbanites around the country had begun to establish weekend heritage language schools in an effort to help young Chinese Americans—many of them American-born— retain a sense of their Chinese heritage while living in primarily European American areas. The schools offered a structured environment to learn about Chinese culture, be among co-ethnic peers, hone Chinese-language skills, and negotiate an identity that would encompass both the students’ Chinese and American backgrounds. Heritage language education has been one strategy employed by many immigrant groups for preserving their ethnic heritage in the United States. According to anthropologist Joe C. Fong, this type of education complements (rather than undermines) a student’s formal primary and secondary schooling. Although Chinese Americans from a variety of class, geographic, and linguistic backgrounds have established heritage language schools, this study focuses on middle-class groups living in affluent and predominantly white suburban areas with dispersed Chinese populations in the post-1960 era. The schools became sites where intra-ethnic differences surfaced in powerful ways for suburban Chinese groups. Rather than promoting a singular or universal understanding of Chinese ethnic heritage and language, the conflicts within these schools reveal the complexities of these suburban populations. This study explores these intra-ethnic dynamics at schools nationally, but with an emphasis on the suburbs around Washington, DC, and Wilmington, Delaware, to demonstrate how suburban middle-class Chinese Americans continued to maintain ethnic identities and community networks despite living in primarily European American suburbs. Both areas have relatively
Effects of the Oral Oxytocin Receptor Antagonist Tocolytic OBE001 on Reproduction in Rats

Background: OBE001 is a novel, orally active nonpeptide oxytocin receptor antagonist under development for the treatment of preterm labor and improvement in embryo implantation and pregnancy rate in assisted reproductive technology (ART). The reproductive safety of OBE001 was evaluated in customized fertility embryonic development (FER)/early embryonic development (EED) and fetal development (FD) and pre/postnatal development (PPN) studies mimicking clinical exposure scenarios. Methods: Oral OBE001 was evaluated at doses of 37.5, 75, and 125 mg/kg/d in female rats during a FER/EED study (from premating to implantation) and throughout FD during a FD/PPN study. Results: No OBE001 effects were observed during the FER/EED study. The FD/PPN study did not result in adverse OBE001 effects in females allowed to litter, their offspring, and second-generation fetuses. Females at 125 mg/kg/d who underwent cesarean section before term had slight reductions in body weights and food consumption, and associated fetuses had slightly delayed ossification of skull bones, which was not adverse in the absence of effects on live offspring. Conclusion: OBE001 at up to 125 mg/kg/d had no effects on EED and no adverse effects on FD and postnatal development of rats. These results constitute an important step toward the development of OBE001 in preterm labor and ART indications.
Does Anxiety Sensitivity Cause Panic Symptoms? An Experimental Investigation

Anxiety sensitivity (AS) refers to the fear of anxiety-related sensations based on beliefs about their harmful consequences. Despite a wealth of research demonstrating an association between AS and panic-related psychopathology, direct experimental evidence that AS causes panic symptoms, as hypothesized in cognitive models of panic disorder, is lacking. The present study aimed to fill this gap by testing the causal relationship between AS and panic symptoms using a false physiological feedback paradigm. Undergraduate participants without a history of panic underwent a prolonged hyperventilation challenge either with (n = 33) or without (n = 30) receiving false physiological feedback suggesting an impending loss of consciousness. As hypothesized, participants in the false feedback condition had higher peak anxiety, engaged in more avoidance, and had more catastrophic thoughts and higher body vigilance specific to fainting compared to participants in the control condition. Between-group differences on most outcome measures were fully mediated by higher concerns about fainting in the experimental condition. Baseline AS did not potentiate the effects of the experimental manipulation on fear responding. This study provides direct experimental evidence in support of the causal role of AS in panic symptoms as informed by Cox's (1996) interactional model of AS and catastrophic cognitions.
Probabilistic Unit Commitment with Wind Farms Considerations

This paper proposes a method for unit commitment in restructured power systems with high penetration of wind farms. As wind is an intermittent source of energy and can not be predicted with high accuracy, reliability of wind farms compare to conventional power plants is lower. By increasing penetration of wind farms in generation system, reliability of power system will decrease. Therefore, reliability constraint should be added to unit commitment (UC) formulation. On the other hand, wind is a green source of energy; additionally environmental crisis is very important issue in the 21st century. By adding emission constraint to UC, wind energy will be valued. Both reliability and emission constraints are acing as fuzzy constraints. It means that if the UC solution exceeds these constraints limits, that configuration of UC will be penalized by adding augmented cost to total UC cost. To implement these constraints to UC, simulated annealing (SA) has been used because it converges very well under complex and nonlinear constraints. At the end, if any wind farm considered to be off in UC, a must run constraint will make them on and calculate reliability effect of the recommitted wind farm on generation system and decrease from the capacity of the most expensive thermal units equal to the calculated effect of newly committed wind farm on system reliability. Then wind farms that recommitted will be paid 80 percent of the cheapest committed unit in that period. In this way, wind farms will be supported wisely and free power market conditions will be remain unchanged.
Walking control using the SC approach for humanoid robot

Conventional humanoid robots cannot achieve human like walking patterns. The reason is that human walking patterns include singularity configurations, i.e. configurations with the extended knees. Such kinematic singularities cause spurious joint motions. In other words, a humanoid robot cannot handle the singularity problem. On the other hand, humans make use of singularity configurations, because at such configurations large forces in certain directions can be generated. Therefore, singularities play an important roll for creating efficient walking patterns. In our previous work, we proposed the singularity consistent (SC) approach that can handle the singularity problem without instabilities. Until now, the approach has been applied to various manipulators. In this paper, we implement the SC approach into a walking pattern generator for a humanoid. Some issues and resolutions addressed. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our approach
IMMUNOMODULATORY AND CORTISOL SPARING EFFECT OF TULSI ( OCIMUM SANCTUM ) IN HEAT STRESSED BROILERS

An experiment was conducted in hot summer months with 120 broiler chicks in 5 groups which were given basal diet(BD), BD+vitaminE(200mg/Kg), BD+vitaminE (200mg/kg)+ selenium (0.15mg/ kg),BD+Tulsi(0.25%) and BD+Tulsi(0.5%), respectively. A control group of 24 birds was raised separately in stress free environment. Birds were vaccinated with ND virus and serum was assessed for humoral immune response (HI) and cortisol levels. Cell mediated immune response (CMI) was assessed as increase in IDF thickness after and before PHA-P injection. Supplementation of Tulsi at either dose showed improved HI and CMI responses but levels were lower than that obtained with vitamin E alone or in combination with selenium. Increasing the supplementation level of herbal Tulsi (from 0.25 to 0.5%) did not contribute to any additional improvement. The study indicated that Tulsi at 0.25% could be used as natural supplement to improve immune response and lower cortisol level during heat stress condition in broiler chicken.
The TALP-UPC Neural Machine Translation System for German/Finnish-English Using the Inverse Direction Model in Rescoring

In this paper, we describe the TALP- UPC participation in the News Task for German-English and Finish-English. Our primary submission implements a fully character to character neural machine translation architecture with an additional rescoring of a n-best list of hypothesis us- ing a forced back-translation to the source sentence. This model gives consistent im- provements on different pairs of languages for the language direction with the low- est performance while keeping the qual- ity in the direction with the highest perfor- mance. Additional experiments are reported for multilingual character to character neural machine translation, phrase-based trans- lation and the additional Turkish-English language pair.
Abnormal Glucocorticoid Dependent Increase of Spiperone Binding Sites on Lymphocytes from Schizophrenics in Vitro

The attempt was made to revise experimentally the concept of spiperone binding to human peripheral lymphocytes as a peripheral marker for schizophrenic disorder. Although it was not possible to detect differences in spiperone binding in freshly isolated lymphocytes from schizophrenics and controls, a significant increase in spiperone binding became apparent when the lymphocytes from patients were cultured in vitro in the presence of physiological concentrations of glucocorticoids. From our findings we have to assume that glucocorticoid-dependent regulation of the gene(s) containing the coding for spiperone binding sites could be functionally affected in distinct forms of schizophrenic psychosis. The glucocorticoid-induced increase of spiperone binding of human lymphocytes could represent a dynamic peripheral marker system. It further has to be investigated whether this concept of a regulatory dysfunction, as observed in lymphocytes from schizophrenic patients, can be applied to the CNS in general.
The limits of children’s voices: From authenticity to critical, reflexive representation

This article provides a critique of the preoccupation with children’s voices in child-centred research by exploring their limits and problematizing their use in research. The article argues that critical, reflexive researchers need to reflect on the processes which produce children’s voices in research, the power imbalances that shape them and the ideological contexts which inform their production and reception, or in other words issues of representation. At the same time, critical, reflective researchers need to move beyond claims of authenticity and account for the complexity behind children’s voices by exploring their messy, multi-layered and non-normative character.