Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Myocardial flow and function after regional beta-blockade in exercising dogs.

This study was designed to examine the contribution of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors in modulating coronary blood flow and cardiac function in exercising dogs. Dogs were chronically instrumented to measure left circumflex flow velocity (CFV), heart rate, regional left ventricular function [systolic shortening, (%S) and maximum velocity of shortening (dL/dt(s)max)], and global left ventricular function [left ventricular pressure (LVP and dP/dtmax)]. Exercise significantly increased LVP (31 +/- 4%), dP/dtmax (130 +/- 17%), heart rate (116 +/- 20%), %S (28 +/- 6%), dL/dt(s)max (89 +/- 23%), and CFV (91 +/- 25%). Regional injection of the non-selective beta-blocker propranolol (1.0 mg) into the circumflex artery during exercise was associated with decreases in LVP (-8 +/- 3%), dP/dtmax (-17 +/- 3%), %S (-15 +/- 4), dL/dt(s)max (-13 +/- 4%), and CFV (-22 +/- 4%). Selective beta 1-receptor blockade with atenolol (1.0 mg, i.c.) was associated with similar decreases in LVP (-7 +/- 3%), dP/dtmax (-33 +/- 4%), %S (-12 +/- 3%), dL/dt(s)max (-17 +/- 2%), and CFV (-18 +/- 3%) during exercise. In contrast, selective beta 2-receptor blockade with ICI 118551 (250 micrograms, i.c.) produced significant decreases in only CFV (-11 +/- 2%) during exercise. Thus, the data suggest that the reductions in myocardial contractile function and flow after regional beta-blockade are primarily due to a decrease in myocardial beta 1-receptor stimulation. In addition, there apparently is a small involvement of either coronary vascular or pre-synaptic beta 2-receptors in mediating the coronary vascular flow response during exercise.
Model-based Verification of Distributed Software

Distributed components that operate and interact concurrently are ubiquitous in industry software. Many safety-critical systems consist of concurrent components, yet providing any guarantees on their correctness is very challenging. Therefore, developing tools and techniques that allow to prove functional correctness of such software systems is essential. In the field of program analysis, several approaches have been proposed that aim to increase the reliability of concurrent systems or to give guarantees about their correctness. For example, model checking considers an abstract model of a program and checks if it satisfies certain temporal properties. Another approach is static/deductive verification, in which the source code is annotated with a specification language, e.g. JML, that describes the program behaviour. Automated verifiers are then used to verify whether the program satisfies the described behaviour. This research aims to combine the strengths of both approaches.
Reliability of a reciprocal test protocol performed on the kinetic communicator: an isokinetic test of knee extensor and flexor strength.

This study tested knee extensor and flexor strength using a reciprocal testing protocol on the Kin-Com isokinetic dynamometer. The purposes were: 1) to identify the variability associated with subjects, repetitions, occasions, and their various interactions; 2) to express the overall measurement error in clinically relevant terms; and 3) advance a strategy for maximizing reliability while simultaneously ensuring that all major sources of measurement error are represented. Fourteen healthy women were tested on two separate occasions (test sessions). On each occasion, measurements of knee extensor and flexor peak torque, average torque, and peak torque angle were gathered for each subject. The results indicated a high overall reliability (range 0.936-0.952) for all measures except peak torque angle (0.630-0.799). Reliability coefficients were consistently lower between occasions than among repetitions, indicating that this type of testing should occur on more than one occasion so as to include all sources of measurement error. This study has expressed measurement error in clinically relevant terms using a 95% confidence range. The findings indicate that a high reliability for isokinetic leg strength measurements can be achieved using a reciprocal testing protocol on the Kin-Com device.J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1988;10(6):218-223.
Formationand Lossof Alkylated Purines from DNA of Hamster Liver after Administrationof Dimethylnitrosamine '

The methylation of hamster liver DNA was studied as a function of dose of dimethyinitrosammne. 7-Methylguanmne levels were proportional to a dose over the range of 10 j.@g/ kg to 25 mg/kg when measured5 to 24 hr after treatment. This product was lost from the DNA at a rate greater than expected from spontaneous depurination at neutral pH, suggesting that enzyme-catalyzed excision takes place. O@ Methylguanine levels were not proportional to doses over this range but were much lower than expected (based on 7methylguanmne levels) when measured 5 to 24 hr after doses of dimethylnitrosammne below 0.5 mg/kg. it is suggested that this result may be due to the presence of an enzyme capable of removing 06-methylguanine from DNA effi ciently, provided the level of methylation was low. The presence of such an enzyme in hamster liver extracts was demonstrated by incubation with methylated DNA. The extracts brought about a significant decreasein the content of 06-methyiguanmne present in acid-precipitable DNA. However, when doses of dimethylnitrosamine above 0.5 mg/kg were used, removal of 06-methylguanmne occurred much more slowly, and the capacity of hamster liver to carry out removal of 06-methyiguanmne from DNA in vivo was considerably lower than that of rat liver. The possible relevance of these findings to the relative susceptibility of these species to liver cancer induction by single doses of dimethylnitrosammne is discussed.
The Causality between Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Botswana: A Multivariate Analysis

The paper empirically investigates the short and long-run causal relationship between foreign direct investment, credit to the private sector, trade openness, gross national expenditure and economic growth in Botswana. In doing this, the paper employs multivariate Granger-Causality within an ARDL-bounds approach to co-integration and unrestricted error correction model (UECM). The paper finds that FDI inflow does not spur economic growth but rather, it is economic growth which promotes FDI inflow, credit to the private sector, trade and national expenditure. However, the paper finds a bi-directional relationship between FDI inflow and credit to the private sector both in the short and the long runs. Thus, policies should be targeted at improving the investment climate for existing domestic and foreign investors through infrastructure development and that external capital inflow should be complemented by domestic savings and investors on other to boost economic growth in Botswana.
Characterization of pXV10A, a Copper Resistance Plasmid in Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria

The efficacy of copper bactericides for control of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria in eastern Oklahoma tomato fields was evaluated. Copper bactericides did not provide adequate control, and copper-resistant (Cur) strains of the pathogen were isolated. The Cur genes in these strains were located on a large indigenous plasmid designated pXV10A. The host range of pXV10A was investigated; this plasmid was efficiently transferred into 8 of 11 X. campestris pathovars. However, the transfer of pXV10A to other phytopathogenic genera was not detected. DNA hybridization experiments were performed to characterize the Cur genes on pXV10A. A probe containing subcloned Cur genes from X. campestris pv. vesicatoria E3C5 hybridized to pXV10A; however, a subclone containing Cur genes from P. syringae pv. tomato PT23 failed to hybridize to pXV10A. Further DNA hybridization experiments were performed to compare pXV10A with pXvCu plasmids, a heterogenous group of Cur plasmids present in strains of X. campestris pv. vesicatoria from Florida. These studies indicated that the Cur genes on pXV10A and pXvCu plasmids share nucleotide sequence homology and may have a common origin. Further experiments showed that these plasmids are distinctly different because pXV10A did not contain sequences homologous to IS476, an insertion sequence present on pXvCu plasmids.
Agent of Disease Contracted from Green Monkeys

An infectious agent obtained from patients who became ill after exposure to tissues of African green monkeys is viral in character. By electron microscopy, the agent appeared cylindrical, 90 to 100 nanometers in diameter, and 130 to 2600 nanometers in length. Cross-striations at 5-nanometer intervals and a core diameter of 45 nanometers were observed. The agent was completely resistant to the effects of the metabolic inhibitor 5-bromodeoxyuridine, which may mean that RNA is the genetic material. It was sensitive to ether and relatively sensitive to destruction by heat.
Surface Water Flow of Urban Areas and Sustainable Urban Planning

Urban planning is associated with land transformation from natural areas to modified and developed ones which leads to modification of natural environment. The basic knowledge of relationship between both should be ascertained before proceeding for the development of natural areas. Changes on land surface due to build up pavements, roads and similar land cover, affect surface water flow. There is a gap between urban planning and basic knowledge of hydrological processes which should be known to the planners. The paper aims to identify these variations in surface flow due to urbanization for a temporal scale of 40 years using Storm Water Management Mode (SWMM) and again correlating these findings with the urban planning guidelines in study area along with geological background to find out the suitable combinations of land cover, soil and guidelines. For the purpose of identifying the changes in surface flows, 19 catchments were identified with different geology and growth in 40 years facing different ground water levels fluctuations. The increasing built up, varying surface runoff are studied using Arc GIS and SWMM modeling, regression analysis for runoff. Resulting runoff for various land covers and soil groups with varying built up conditions were observed. The modeling procedures also included observations for varying precipitation and constant built up in all catchments. All these observations were combined for individual catchment and single regression curve was obtained for runoff. Thus, it was observed that alluvial with suitable land cover was better for infiltration and least generation of runoff but excess built up could not be sustained on alluvial soil. Similarly, basalt had least recharge and most runoff demanding maximum vegetation over it. Sandstone resulted in good recharging if planned with more open spaces and natural soils with intermittent vegetation. Hence, these observations made a keystone base for planners while planning various land uses on different soils. This paper contributes and provides a solution to basic knowledge gap, which urban planners face during development of natural surfaces. Keywords—Runoff, built up, roughness, recharge, temporal changes.
Connection-monitor & connection-breaker: A novel approach for prevention and detection of high survivable ransomwares

Ransomwares have become a growing threat in recent years, and this situation continues to worsen. It rose awareness on a particular class of malwares which extort a ransom in exchange for a captive asset. Most widespread ransomwares make an intensive use of data encryption. Basically, they encrypt various files on victim's hard drives, removable drives and mapped network shares before asking for a ransom to get the files decrypted. In this paper, at first we propose a comprehensive ransomware taxonomy. Then, based on this taxonomy and according to a principal feature which we discovered in high survivable ransomwares (HSR) in the key exchange protocol step, we present a novel approach for detecting high survivable ransomwares and preventing them from encrypting victim's data. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that our framework can detect variants of recent dangerous ransomwares.
Demographic Factors, Forensic Profile, Substance Abuse and Crime in Violent Offenders at a Maximum Security Prison in North Central Nigeria

The link between alcohol/drugs and violent criminal behavior is well documented, with alcohol/drug abusing behaviors connecting to crime in many ways. Crime is not only related to the possession or sell of illegal drugs, but also to drug related behavioral effects such as violence [1]. Alcohol/drug abuse has been implicated with offences directly related to drug abuse [2], or to life style that predisposes the drug abuser to engage in illegal activities [3].
Innovative Heterogeneous Design of Low Power Reconfigurable Router for Network on Chip (NOC)

In this paper, objective is to first characterize the need of a heterogeneous reconfigurable router and show how an NoC built with reconfigurable routers allows the use of buffers with smaller depths. These in turn have a similar performance w.r. t. an NoC using a fixed size router, the latter showing a large buffer depth and incurring lower efficiency than the design presented here which can also lead to higher power consumption than the project design. Considering the NoC components, as crossbars, arbiters, buffers, and links, in the experiments realized by [4] the buffers were the largest leakage power consumers, dissipating approximately 64% of the whole power budget. In this way, the buffers can be considered as candidates for leakage power optimization by handling the buffers efficiently and effectively, since even at high loads, there can be 85% of idle buffers [4]. Regarding dynamic power, the buffers’ consumption is also high, and it increases rapidly as the packet flow throughput increases [5]. Therefore, this paper particular goal is to provide an NoC router with a certain amount of heterogeneous reconfiguration logic, allowing changes in the amount of buffer utilization in each input channel, in conformity with the communication needs. The principle is that each input channel can lend/borrow buffer units to/from neighbouring channels in order to obtain a determined bandwidth. When a channel does not need its entire available buffer, it can lend buffer word slots to neighbouring channels. The inefficiency in the amount of buffers used within a homogeneous router, and the gains that can be achieved using the proposed strategy can be shown at further level. The focus is on providing a reconfigurable router that can be tested to optimize power and improve energy usage while sustaining high performance, even when the application changes the communication pattern.
Preparation, Characterization and Antioxidative Activity of Anti-aging Nanoemulsion and Lipid Nanoparticls

Nanoemulsions (NEs) and Lipid Nanoparticles(LNs) are regarded as suitable nanosized carriers of water-insoluble active components such as Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA), Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and Vitamin E (VE) to improve the physical and chemical stabilities of active components. Good physical and chemical stability of particles was proved by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), Laser Diffraction (LD), viscosity and UV/HPLC with different storage times. UV/HPLC measurements showed that the loading capacity of active after production could reach 10% for ALA, 8% for CoQ10 and 10% for VE. The high entrapment efficiency (nearly 100%) was obtained for all formulations. Through study on inhibition rate of anti-aging active components to free radical, good antioxidant activity of ALA and CoQ10 was determined.
Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Essential Oils From Artemisia khorassanica and Vitex pseudo-negundo Against Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

Plodia interpunctella (Hübner, 1813) is a polyphagous and key pest of different stored products worldwide. The lethal and sublethal effects of essential oils of Artemisia khorassanica Podl. and Vitex pseudo-negundo (Hausskn) were studied on P. interpunctella The chemical constituents of the essential oils were also assessed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Assays showed that the fumigant toxicity of A. khorassanica (LC50: 9.60 µl/liter air) was higher than V. pseudo-negundo (LC50: 23.05 µl/liter air). Moreover, the speed of mortality caused by A. khorassanica oil (LT50: 2.07 h) was higher than V. pseudo-negundo (LT50: 3.11 h). To assess the sublethal effects of the essential oils, adult moths were exposed to the LC30 of each essential oil, and life table parameters and energy contents of the surviving P. interpunctella were studied. Exposure to sublethal concentration of A. khorassanica negatively affected the life table of P. interpunctella, and also the protein, lipid, and glycogen contents of the larvae that came from treated adults. Vitex pseudo-negundo also affected lipid, protein, and glycogen contents of P. interpunctella The intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate of increase ([Formula: see text]), and doubling time (DT) were not significantly different between control and V. pseudo-negundo treatment. According with these results, both tested essential oils, especially one extracted from A. khorassanica, have potential applications for the integrated management of P. interpunctella.
INSIG2 gene polymorphism is associated with higher blood pressure and triglyceride levels in Brazilian obese subjects.

OBJECTIVE this study aimed to evaluate the association between polymorphisms of INSIG, PCSK9 and FTO genes with anthropometric, biochemical characteristics and presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with severe obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS the present study enrolled 150 patients with grade II or III obesity, who were submitted to nutritional assessment, blood pressure measurement and peripheral blood collection. INSIG2 (rs75666605), PCSK9 (rs505151), and FTO (rs9939609) polymorphisms were genotyped using TaqMan Pre-Designed SNP Genotyping Assays probes in real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The experimental data are processed in SPSS Statistics 22.0 (p < 0.05). RESULTS in this study, 72.2% of obese subjects had metabolic syndrome (MS). There was a higher prevalence of AA (86.9%), CG (51.1%) and AT (46.2%) genotypes for the PCSK9, INSIG2 and FTO polymorphisms, respectively. There was no association of these polymorphisms with the prevalence of MS (p > 0.05). On the other hand, individuals with at least one variant allele (G) for the INSIG2 gene had higher triglycerides levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS the polymorphism rs7566605 of the INSIG2 gene is associated with higher triglycerides levels and blood pressure values, which are also considered as risk factors for the development of MS.
Assessment of Interobserver Variability for CT Scan–Based Evaluation of Posterior Ligament Complex Injury in Thoracolumbar Fractures: An International Multicenter Pilot Study

Study Design: A multicenter, pilot study, for radiological assessment of thoracolumbar spine fractures was performed with the participation of 7 centers in Africa, Europe, Asia, and South America as a part of the AO Foundation network. Objectives: To determine the interobserver variability for computed tomography (CT) scan–based evaluation of posterior ligament complex (PLC) injury in thoracolumbar fractures. Methods: Forty-two observers including 1 principal investigator at each participating center performed variability assessment. Each center contributed toward a total of 91 patient images with A3 or A4 thoracolumbar burst fractures (T11-L2) with or without suspected PLC injury. Pathological fractures, multilevel injuries, obvious posterior bony element injury and translation/dislocation injuries were excluded. Ten patients were randomly selected and commonly reported CT parameters indicating PLC injury, including superior inferior endplate angle, vertebral body height loss, local kyphotic deformity, interspinous distance and interpedicular distance were assessed for variability. Observer values were compared with an experienced gold rater in spinal trauma. Analysis of variability was performed for all observers, between the principal investigators and also between observers participating in each center. Results: The studied parameters showed considerable variability in measurements among all observers and amongst all participating centers. The variability between the principal investigators was lower, but still substantial. The deviation of observer measurements from the gold rater were also significant for all CT parameters. Conclusions: CT-based radiological parameters previously reported to be suggestive of PLC injury showed considerable variability and magnetic resonance imaging verification of a PLC injury in all doubtful cases is suggested.
O BOI NOSSO DE CADA DIA: UM CASO PARA ENSINO SOBRE ORIENTAÇÃO EMPREENDEDORA

Este caso para ensino atraves da trajetoria do protagonista, Antonio dos Santos, sintetiza a historia da origem e evolucao de uma empresa familiar. O caso apresenta as diferentes fases do desenvolvimento da empresa Frigorifico e Abatedouro Gaucho, situado na regiao sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brasil. Descrevem-se os acontecimentos desde os tempos em que o Sr. Antonio transportava em uma charrete, linguicas feitas na zona rural para serem vendidas na cidade, ate a fase da construcao do frigorifico, o qual esta em atividade ate os dias de hoje. De maneira concomitante, destaca-se a personagem Ana Paula, integrante da terceira geracao da familia dos Santos, que apresenta interesse pelo empreendimento da familia e tino empreendedor, tal como seu avo. Os nomes aqui utilizados, para a empresa, personagens e municipio, sao ficticios, a fim de que suas identidades sejam preservadas. Como contribuicao para os estudos sobre organizacoes empresariais, aponta-se a analise e a reflexao sobre as decisoes estrategicas tomadas pelos gestores, bem como suas orientacoes empreendedoras, que, em face as dificuldades enfrentadas e oportunidades percebidas, irao delinear diferentes caminhos.
Central pancreatectomy for benign pancreatic lesions.

INTRODUCTION Traditional resections for pancreatic malignancies include distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy and pancrearicoduodenectomy (PD). Alternative resections for benign pancreatic disease are used to minimize the resection of normal pancreatic and splenic parenchyma. This study describes the use of central pancreatectomy (CP) in 10 patients. METHODS A retrospective chart review of all patients undergoing CP between May 1999 and February 2004 was undertaken. RESULTS Ten patients (eight female, two male) underwent CP for benign pancreatic disease. Median age was 59 years (range 21-75). Eight patients presented with abdominal pain, two of whom also had weight loss. One patient each presented with hypoglycemia and as an incidental finding. Median operative time was 255 min (range 160-380 min). Proximal pancreatic remnant was stapled in five and oversewn in five. Distal pancreatic remnant was managed with pancreaticojejunostomy in six patients and pancreatjcogastrostomy in four patients. There were no 30-day mortalities. Pancreatic fistula developed in four patients (40%), and all resolved without operative intervention. All patients are alive with no recurrence and no new endocrine or exocrine dysfunction. CONCLUSION CP has similar morbidity and mortality rates to traditional pancreatic resections and may offer a lower incidence of diabetes and exocrine insufficiency.
Conversion of amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment to dementia of Alzheimer type is independent to memory deterioration

Mild Cognitive Impairment defines a transitional stage between normal ageing and dementia, and reflects the clinical situation where a person has memory complaints and objective evidence of cognitive impairment but no evidence of dementia. To plan the care of patients with MCI, it is important to predict as accurately as possible potential risk factors modulating the conversion to AD.