Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
成人急性髓系白血病患者获得早期治疗反应的影响因素分析

目的 探讨成人急性髓系白血病（AML）患者获得早期治疗反应的影响因素。 方法 回顾北京大学人民医院收治的成人AML（非急性早幼粒细胞白血病）连续病例，分析诊断时疾病特征和诱导治疗方案对患者化疗后获得形态学无白血病状态（MLFS）、首次获得MLFS时血细胞恢复程度和微小残留病[MRD，阳性定义为实时荧光定量PCR检测WT1 mRNA ≥ 0.6%（本院正常值上限）和（或）流式细胞术发现残留白血病细胞]的影响。 结果 739例AML患者中，男406例（54.9%），中位年龄42（18~65）岁。 在721例可评估患者中，477例（66.2%）第1个疗程诱导治疗后获MLFS，592例（82.1%）≤2个疗程获MLFS，634例（87.9%）最终获MLFS。 634例患者中，首次达MLFS时，534例（84.2%）达完全缓解（CR，MLFS伴ANC ≥ 1×109/L和PLT ≥ 100×109/L），100例（15.8%）达CRi（MLFS伴ANC或PLT未恢复）。 在566例获得MLFS并检测了MRD的患者中，260例（45.9%）MRD阳性。 多因素分析显示：女性、SWOG危险度为低危、采用IA10或HAA/HAD作为诱导治疗方案是有利于第1个和≤ 2个疗程诱导化疗后获MLFS的共同因素。 此外，骨髓原始细胞比例低、HGB高、PLT低、NPM1+ FLT3-ITD−有利于第1个疗程诱导治疗后获MLFS，FLT3-ITD−有利于≤ 2个疗程诱导治疗获MLFS。 诊断时PLT高、采用IA10、IA8或HAA/HAD为诱导治疗方案与达CR显著相关；女性、FLT3-ITD−、NPM1+FLT3-ITD−、SWOG危险度为低危与MRD阴性显著相关。 结论 对于成人AML患者，女性、良好的分子或细胞遗传学特征和标准剂量诱导治疗方案是有利于早期获得高比例、深层治疗反应的因素。
−13/13q−伴17p−多发性骨髓瘤四例临床分析

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2016. 01.013 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(81370661) 作者单位:450008 郑州大学附属肿瘤医院血液科 通信作者:宋永平,Email:songyongping@medmail.com. cn Clinical analysis of four multiple myeloma patients with 13/13qand 17pWang Danyang, Yu Fengkuan, Fang Baijun, Song Yongping Corresponding author: Song Yongping, Department of Hematopathy, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China. Email: songyongping @medmail.com. cn
The serological relationships and some other properties of isolates of broad bean wilt virus from faba bean and pea in China

SUMMARY An isolate (N15) of broad bean wilt virus (BB W V) from faba bean in China was compared with some other isolates and strains including the nasturtium ringspot strain (NRSV, BBWV serotype I), parsley virus 3 (PV3, serotype I) and BBWV isolate PV131 (serotype II). In host range studies, N15 infected 12 of 14 species, including soybean and spinach. It was purified from Chenopodium quinoa and pea by a method that yielded up to 8mg/100g tissue. By the same method, NRSV yielded up to 4mg/100 g. Purified preparations of N15 and NRSV contained isometric particles c. 26 nm in diameter which sedimented as three components, N15 at 62, 93 and 117 S, and NRSV at 60, 91 and 116 S. In immunodiffusion tests using antisera to N15 and NRSV, N15 was distinguishable from NRSV but indistinguishable from PV131. In ISEM tests, many more particles of N15 and NRSV were trapped by homologous than by heterologous antiserum; in decoration tests, much antibody attached to homologous particles but none to heterologous particles. In DAS ELISA using N15 antiserum, N15 and six other Chinese faba bean or pea isolates, and a Chinese spinach isolate, were readily detected and were indistinguishable from each other and from PV131; unlike NRSV and PV3, none of the Chinese isolates, nor PV131, was detected using NRSV antiserum. These results indicate that the Chinese isolates belong to BBWV serotype II group.
Bioinformatic Application in Proteomic Research on Biomarker Discovery and Drug Target Validation

Novel biomarker identification and drug target validation are highly complex and resource-intensive processes, requiring an integral use of various tools, approaches and information. The recently developed proteomic technology fea- tures high-throughput parallel analysis of thousands of proteins in individual patients and amount populations and thus opens up the possibility of providing more details at a global level on the molecular mechanisms. With regularly updated public databases, bioinformatics can contribute to these processes by providing functional information of target candidates and correlating this information to the biological pathways. In this review, we outline recent advances of bioinformatic application in proteomic research on biomarker discovery and drug target validation. Specifically, we highlight how bio- informatics can facilitate the proteomic studies of biomarker identification and drug target validation.
大剂量阿糖胞苷巩固治疗初治急性髓系白血病患者的疗效和安全性分析

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017. 04.013 作者单位:100730 北京,中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院北 京协和医院血液内科 通信作者: 李剑,Email:lijian@pumch.cn Longterm safety and efficacy of highdose cytarabine consolidation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia Cao Xinxin, Wang Shujie, Duan Minghui, Zhu Tienan, Zhang Wei, Han Bing, Zhuang Junling, Cai Huacong, Chen Miao, Feng Jun, Han Xiao, Zhang Yan, Yang Chen, Zhang Lu, Zhou Daobin, Li Jian Corresponding author: Li Jian, Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. Email: lijian@pumch.cn
结合人口学特征比较国产和原研伊马替尼治疗慢性髓性白血病慢性期患者的有效性和安全性

目的 比较国产和原研伊马替尼一线治疗慢性髓性白血病慢性期（CML-CP）患者的有效性和安全性；探索服用原研伊马替尼获得完全细胞遗传学反应（CCyR）后转换为国产伊马替尼的患者疾病的稳定性和不良反应的变化。 方法 ①一线治疗组：回顾性收集和分析2013年10月至2018年8月期间，接受国产仿制伊马替尼（商品名昕维®）或进口原研伊马替尼（商品名格列卫®）作为一线治疗并定期随访、监测的CML-CP连续病例。 ②转换组：回顾性收集和分析2006年12月至2016年9月期间，接受原研伊马替尼至少获得CCyR后转换为国产仿制伊马替尼治疗的CML-CP连续病例。 结果 ①一线治疗组：共409例（国产伊马替尼201例，原研伊马替尼208例）患者入组，中位年龄42（18~83）岁。 国产和原研组患者人口学特征差异具有统计学意义：国产伊马替尼组患者中受教育水平更低（P<0.001）、离异或丧偶者比例更高（P=0.004）、农村户籍者比例更高（P<0.001）。 两组年龄、性别、Sokal危险度评分、WBC和HGB水平的差异无统计学意义。 中位随访25（3~62）个月，国产伊马替尼组和原研伊马替尼组的3年CCyR、主要分子学反应（MMR）、分子学反应4. 0（MR4.0）和分子学反应4. 5（MR4.5）的累积获得率差异均无统计学意义（97.5%对94. 5%，P=0.592；84.3%对93. 1%，P=0.208；42.7%对41. 7%，P=0.277；25.4%对33. 0%，P=0.306），3年无失败生存（FFS）率、无进展生存（PFS）率和总生存（OS）率差异亦无统计学意义（76.7%对81. 0%，P=0.448；91.8%对96. 3%，P=0.325；95.8%对98. 5%，P=0.167）。 多因素分析显示，TKI类型不影响患者的治疗反应（CCyR、MMR、MR4.0和MR4.5累积获得率）及结局（FFS、PFS和OS）。 两组不良反应发生率也相似。 ②转换组：共39例患者入组，中位年龄42（23~80）岁，于原研伊马替尼中位治疗38（8~114）个月后换为国产伊马替尼，换药后中位随访39（6~63）个月，23例（58.9%）患者分子学反应维持原来水平，12例（30.8%）分子学反应改善。 新发药物不良反应均可耐受。 结论 人口学特征影响CML-CP患者的用药选择。 在规范的监测和管理下，国产与原研伊马替尼一线治疗CML-CP患者的有效性和安全性相当。 对于接受原研伊马替尼后获得稳定治疗反应的患者，可有效、安全地转换为国产伊马替尼。
异基因造血干细胞移植治疗伴MLL基因重排急性髓系白血病47例预后分析

目的 研究混合谱系白血病（MLL）基因重排阳性急性髓系白血病（AML）患者行异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）的预后特点。 方法 回顾性分析2009年9月至2016年5月于苏州大学附属第一医院行allo-HSCT的47例MLL基因重排阳性AML患者的临床资料。 结果 全部47例MLL重排阳性AML患者中男24例，女23例，中位年龄30（15~58）岁，M4/M5共36例（76.6%）。 移植后2年总生存（OS）率为（64.4±8.4）%，无病生存（DFS）率为（47.3±9.3）%，复发率为41. 0%，移植相关死亡率为17. 9%。 45例患者检出11q23易位，2例染色体核型正常患者检出MLL部分串联重复。 t（6;11）组（16例）、t（9;11）组（15例）、其他类型组（16例）的2年OS率差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.509，P=0.472）。 多因素分析显示，移植时年龄>45岁是影响OS的独立危险因素[HR=4.454（95%CI 1.314~15.099），P=0.016]，移植前MRD阳性是影响患者DFS[HR=4.236（95%CI 1.238~14.495），P=0.021]、复发[HR=5.491（95% CI 1.371~21.995），P=0.016]的独立不良预后因素，移植前疾病处于非CR状态患者移植相关死亡风险增高[HR=10.370（95%CI 1.043~103.110），P=0.046]。 结论 移植时年龄>45岁、移植前疾病处于非CR状态、移植前MRD阳性为影响allo-HSCT治疗MLL基因重排阳性AML患者预后的危险因素。
CARD11在弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤中的表达及其预后意义

目的 了解CARD11在弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）中的表达情况及其与预后的关系。 方法 收集经福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋的DLBCL患者治疗前淋巴结活检病理标本及临床资料，对标本进行组织芯片制备，并采用EnVision两步法对CARD11进行免疫组化染色，同时利用Hans法（CD10、BCL6、MUM1）对DLBCL标本进行分型。 分析CARD11表达与患者特征及预后的关系。 结果 共纳入79例初治DLBCL患者，采用2例反应性增生患者的淋巴结标本作为对照。 对77例患者进行生存分析，75例患者可判定CARD11表达结果。 在DLBCL组织的肿瘤细胞中，CARD11表达阳性率为65. 33%（49/75）。 CARD11与患者特征均无显著相关性。 CARD11阳性组2年无事件生存（EFS）率低于阴性组（52.03％对86. 12%，P=0.036）。 在国际预后指数3~5分的患者中CARD11阴性组与阳性组的中位EFS率差异有统计学意义（未达到对18. 7个月，P=0.033）。 CARD11不是影响预后的独立危险因素。 结论 在DLBCL中，CARD11阳性患者EFS时间显著短于CARD11阴性患者，在国际预后指数高中危和高危的患者中，这种差异依然存在，提示CARD11有助于对高危DLBCL患者进一步进行预后分层。
大剂量美法仑与环磷酰胺、依托泊苷联合白消安预处理方案在多发性骨髓瘤自体造血干细胞移植中的比较

目的 比较大剂量美法仑（HDM）和环磷酰胺、依托泊苷联合白消安（CVB）预处理方案应用于新诊断多发性骨髓瘤（NDMM）患者自体造血干细胞移植（ASCT）的安全性、近期及远期疗效。 方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2017年8月期间接受PAD（硼替佐米+脂质体阿霉素+地塞米松）方案诱导治疗序贯ASCT的NDMM患者共123例，按接受预处理方案分为CVB组（82例）和HDM组（41例）。 结果 ①非血液学不良反应方面两者无显著区别。 ②CVB组中性粒细胞植入和血小板植入较HDM组快，中性粒细胞植入时间为第10（9~35）天对第11（9~12）天（z=−3.433，P=0.001）；血小板植入时间为11（7~55）d对HDM组13（10~35）d（z=−3.506，P<0.001）；但CVB组也更早进入粒细胞缺乏（粒缺）及显著血小板减少，最终粒缺及显著血小板减少持续时间两组间尚未显示出差别；但CVB组的发热持续时间以及相应抗生素使用时间显著延长。 ③CVB组经过移植后获得传统疗效进步的患者比例显著低于HDM组（9/46对14/28，P=0.021）；而且移植后3个月CVB组的微小残留病（MRD）阴性率有低于HDM组的趋势（31.7%对48. 8%，P=0.065）。 ④无论单因素还是多因素分析均显示两种预处理方案并不影响接受PAD诱导序贯ASCT及维持治疗的NDMM患者的至进展时间（TTP）（P= 0.619）及总生存（OS）时间（P=0.295）。 结论 HDM预处理方案血液学不良反应、减低MM肿瘤负荷以及使用方便性方面较CVB方案具有优势，但采用两种预处理方案的ASCT治疗MM的TTP和OS未见明显差异。
Rita通过P53通路促进急性淋巴细胞白血病细胞凋亡

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017. 02.015 基金项目:广东省自然科学基金(2015A030313769);广东省医 学科研基金(A2015149) 作者单位:510623 广州医科大学附属广州市妇女儿童医疗中 心血液肿瘤科 通信作者:江华,Email:yanwo@163.com Rita induce acute lymphoblostic leukemia cell apoptosis by activating P53 pathway Luo Ziyan, Jiang Hua, Xu Ling, Zhang Xiaohong Corresponding author: Jiang Hua, Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China. Email: yanwo1990@163.com
14例结节性淋巴细胞为主型霍奇金淋巴瘤患者的临床病理特征与疗效分析

目的 探讨结节性淋巴细胞为主型霍奇金淋巴瘤（NLPHL）患者的临床病理特征及疗效。 方法 收集14例NLPHL患者的临床资料，对其临床病理特征及近、远期疗效进行相关性分析。 结果 14例患者均为初治者，男、女各7例，中位发病年龄38（13～54）岁，中位随访时间为55. 5（23～189）个月。 发病率占同期霍奇金淋巴瘤（HL）的6. 3%（14/223）。 免疫组织化学检查结果示14例患者CD20均呈（+）/弱（+），CD30均（−），仅1例患者呈CD15弱（+）。 14例患者中13例因自觉浅表淋巴结肿大就诊，所有患者惰性起病，病情进展缓慢。 7例患者采用单纯化疗，7例患者采用放、化疗联合治疗。 14例患者均有效，其中完全缓解（CR）+未证实的CR（CRu）12例。 5年无疾病生存率为85. 7%，5年总生存率为100. 0%。 单纯化疗与放、化疗联合治疗相比，不同的化疗方案相比，其近、远期疗效差异均无统计学意义（P值均>0.05）。 结论 NLPHL患者瘤细胞呈CD20（+）/弱（+），CD30（−），极少数患者呈CD15弱（+）。 NLPHL在HL患者中所占比例低，以中青年患者多见，起病缓慢，与经典型HL患者相比疗效较好。
多发性骨髓瘤合并髓系肿瘤五例报告并文献复习

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017. 10.015 基金项目:天津市科技计划项目(15ZXLCSY00010) 作者单位:300020 天津,中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院血 液学研究所、血液病医院 通信作者:齐军元,Email:qi_jy@yahoo.com Multiple myeloma associated with myeloid tumor: 5 cases report and literatures review Jiang Bo, Qi Junyuan, Xu Yan, Xu Zefeng, Xu Ning, Sun Mingyuan, Zheng Weiwei, Li Shangzhu, Qiu Lugui, Xiao Zhijian, Wang Jianxiang Corresponding author: Qi Junyuan, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China. Email:qi_jy@yahoo.com
Links between phenology and ecophysiology in a European beech forest

Abstract: Over the course of a year, tree physiological processes are not only directly affected by environmental conditions, but also by the tree’s own phenological stages. At the same time, phenological stages should, to a certain degree, reflect tree physiology. However, we have rather poor knowledge of the details of the interplay between phenology and ecophysiology. The objective of this study was to develop a better understanding of the links between phenology and ecophysiology. We investigated the degree to which various physiological processes are synchronized both with each other and with phenology and what information related to phenology can be obtained from instrumental ecophysiological measurements. Phenological observations, along with measurements of transmittance of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), stem volume changes, sap flow and xylogenesis were conducted in a 45-year old European beech (Fagus sylvatica) stand in the Czech Republic. Results indicated that ecophysiology was tightly related with the phenological stage of the tree. Early spring phenological stages were closely linked with the beginning of cambial activity and the onset of sap flow, i.e., the first leaves were produced simultaneously with the beginning of stem radial growth. The highest xylem growth rates occurred in June, simultaneously with the highest sap flow rates. Cambial activity ceased with the onset of summer leaf coloring at the end of July, at the same time as the permanent decrease in sap flow rate. The end of cell wall maturation was linked to the onset of autumn leaf coloring. We conclude that instrumental measurements of tree and stand ecophysiology provided additional information better specifying the onset of particular phenostages. In our case, twelve permanently located sensors used to measure PAR transmittance captured leaf area development with acceptable accuracy, thus limiting the need for frequent visits to the forest site in the spring and autumn. Moreover, data from dendrometers showed linkages to bud break and the onset of leaf coloring. Therefore, ecophysiological measurements increased the effectiveness and accuracy of phenological observations and provided additional information about tree development in particular external conditions.
Association between Admission Hyperglycemia and Culprit Lesion Characteristics in Nondiabetic Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Study

Background Hyperglycemia is frequently observed in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and non-DM patients have different culprit lesion phenotypes and few data are available on non-DM patients with admission hyperglycemia. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between admission hyperglycemia and culprit lesion characteristics using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in AMI patients. Methods and Results We consecutively enrolled 434 patients with AMI, and 277 patients were included in analysis: 65.7% (n = 182) non-DM patients and 34.3% (n = 95) DM patients. We measured acute blood glucose (ABG) and hemoglobin A1c to calculate the acute-to-chronic glycemic ratio (A/C). Then, we grouped non-DM patients into tertiles of A/C. OCT-based culprit lesion characteristics were compared across A/C tertiles in non-DM patients and between DM and non-DM patients. Non-DM patients had fewer lipid-rich plaques (52.7% versus 68.4%, p = 0.012) and thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) (19.8% versus 34.7%, p = 0.006) than DM patients but similar prevalence of plaque rupture (47.3% versus 56.8%, p = 0.130). Non-DM patients with the highest A/C tertile had the highest prevalence of plaque rupture (pfor trend = 0.002), lipid-rich plaque (pfor trend = 0.001), and TCFA (pfor trend = 0.003). A/C > 1.22 but not ABG > 140 mg/dl predicted a high prevalence of plaque rupture, lipid-rich plaque, and TCFA in non-DM patients. Conclusions In AMI patients without DM, admission hyperglycemia is associated with vulnerable culprit lesion characteristics, and A/C is a better predictor for vulnerable culprit plaque characteristics than ABG. These results call for a tailored evaluation and management of glucose metabolism in nondiabetic AMI patients. This trial is registered with NCT03593928.
shRNA沉默LSD1基因对Jurkat细胞增殖的影响及机制研究

目的 探讨RNA靶向沉默LSD1基因后对急性T淋巴细胞白血病细胞株Jurkat细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及其可能的作用机制。 方法 将LSD1短发夹RNA（shRNA）真核表达载体经脂质体转染入Jurkat细胞，采用RQ-PCR及Western blot方法观察LSD1 mRNA及蛋白表达；采用MTT法观察细胞增殖情况，采用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况，Western blot方法检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax、procaspase-3的表达及组蛋白H3K4me、H3K4me2、H3K4me3、Act-H3水平。 结果 LSD1 shRNA转染Jurkat细胞后，LSD1 mRNA、蛋白表达均下调（P<0.05）；LSD1 shRNA组48 h细胞增殖率低于转染阴性质粒（Neg-shRNA）组和对照组（P<0.05），LSD1 shRNA组细胞凋亡率[（41.34±3.58）%]高于NegshRNA组[（3.45±1.54）%]和对照组[（1.76±0.52）%]（P<0.05）；凋亡抑制蛋白Bcl-2、凋亡效应蛋白procaspase-3的表达下调，Bax表达上调，H3K4me、H3K4me2、Act-H3表达上调，而H3K4me3水平未见明显变化。 结论 沉默LSD1基因可抑制Jurkat细胞增殖，激活凋亡相关蛋白诱导细胞凋亡，机制可能与调节组蛋白H3K4甲基化水平有关。
诱导治疗期间未确定型侵袭性真菌病CⅡ组多发性骨髓瘤患者进行诊断驱动治疗的临床价值

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2018. 05.019 基金项目:广东省自然科学基金(2016A030313197);中山大学 5010计划(2017005) 作者单位:510800 广州,中山大学附属第一医院 通信作者:李娟,Email:13719209240@163.com The clinical value of diagnostic-driven therapy of invasive fungal disease (IFD) type unclassified CIIgroup in multiple myeloma patients during inducing chemotherapy Chen Meilan, Li Juan, Huang Beihui, Liu Junru, Kuang Lifen, Yuan Shiwen Corresponding author: Li Juan, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. Email: 13719209240@163.com
Bioatividade da erva-de-santa-maria, Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (Chenopodiaceae), em relação a Sitophilus zeamais Mots., 1855 (Col.: Curculionidae).

INSECTICIDE ACTIVITY OF THE MEXICAN-TEA, CHENOPODIUM AMBROSIOIDES L. (CHENOPODIACEAE) IN RELATION TO SITOPHILUS ZEAMAIS MOTS. ,1855 (COL.: CURCULIONIDAE). The maize weevil, S. zeamais is considered one of de most important pests of stored grains. In order to obtain an alternative method for its control, the insecticide activity of powders from fruits and from the whole plant (with fruits) of C. ambrosioides was evaluated in laboratory. The insects were obtained from a population reared on wheat grains. The insecticide effect of the powders was evaluated on the immature and adult phases, using plastic boxes containing wheat, and 20 adults of S. zeamais to oviposit. After 3 days, the insects were removed, and 0.25 g of the C. ambrosoides powders were added 15 and 21 days after the infestation of. The evaluations were made in the period of 25 to 60 days after of the initial infestation. To evaluate the residual effect, plastic boxes containing wheat plus 0.25 g of the of C. ambrosioides powders, alone and mixed with the grains were used, 20 adults of S. zeamais were released in different periods: when setting the experiment (0 day), and after 5, 10 and 20 days. The evaluations were done 5 days after the infestation. It was observed that the powders from fruits and from the whole plant (with fruits), applied 15 days after initial infestation, presented insecticide effect on S. zeamais immatures. On the other hand, powders from fruits presented insecticide residual effect against S. zeamais adults for a period up to 5 days.
The Status and Distribution of Maryland Crayfishes

Abstract Over 45 years have passed since the last examination of Maryland's crayfish fauna. We compiled crayfish records from over 1400 sites sampled since 1989 and present an update on the current status and distribution of Maryland's 9 native species. Five non-native species have become established in Maryland waters and represent the greatest threat to Maryland's native species. Orconectes virilis (Virile Crayfish), the most widespread invasive species in the state, has been primarily introduced by anglers as bait and has rapidly expanded its distribution in central Maryland. The spread of this species has been followed by concurrent declines in native species including O. limosus (Spinycheek Crayfish) and O. obscurus (Allegheny Crayfish). Non-native Cambarus thomai (Little Brown Mudbug), O. rusticus (Rusty Crayfish), Procambarus clarkii (Red Swamp Crawfish), and P. zonangulus (Southern White River Crawfish) are now established in Maryland as a result of aquaculture and bait introductions. Recent taxonomic revisions have also added C. carinirostris (Rock Crawfish) to the list of species present in the state.
SKM-1细胞地西他滨耐药机制中hENT1功能的研究

目的 观察干扰1型平衡核苷转运体（human equilibrative nucleoside transporters 1，hENT1）表达后，地西他滨（DAC）对人骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）细胞系SKM-1细胞的增殖、凋亡和去甲基化的影响。 方法 采用慢病毒干扰技术沉默SKM-1细胞中hENT1，采用RT-PCR方法检测靶细胞内hENT1 mRNA表达水平，采用CCK-8法检测不同浓度DAC(0.5、1、5 µmol/L)作用24、48及72 h对hENT1沉默SKM-1细胞的增殖抑制情况，应用流式细胞术及Western blot法观察DAC诱导的凋亡情况，采用甲基化特异性PCR检测p15INK4B去甲基化水平，分析hENT1沉默后DAC的去甲基化作用。 结果 hENT1干扰组hENT1 mRNA表达水平（0.253±0.030）相对于对照组（1.000±0.091）显著降低（P<0.01）；经0.5、1、5 µmol/L DAC作用24、48及72 h后，相对于同时期对照组，hENT1干扰组的增殖抑制率均明显下降（P<0.05），其中5 µmol/L DAC作用72 h最为明显，hENT1干扰组和对照组分别为（49.41±4.02）%和（33.03±2.47）%（P=0.007）；hENT1干扰组Caspase-3的剪切体水平及AnnexinⅤ+细胞比例减少，并且p15INK4B去甲基化水平也显著降低。 结论 hENT1沉默后SKM-1细胞对DAC诱导的凋亡及去甲基化作用敏感性下降。
不同巩固治疗方式对低危组急性髓系白血病患者预后的影响

目的 探索成人低危组急性髓系白血病（AML）完全缓解（CR）后不同巩固治疗方式对AML预后的影响。 方法 回顾性分析2010年1月至2015年6月诊治的107例非难治性成人低危组AML患者病例资料，以大剂量阿糖胞苷（HD-Ara-C）为主的巩固化疗方案为对照（化疗组，38例），探索不同巩固治疗方式（微移植16例、自体移植14例及异基因移植39例）对患者预后的影响。 结果 107例患者中，男59例，女48例，中位年龄33（16~59）岁，中位随访时间为36. 5（5.3~79.1）个月，总复发率为20. 6%（22/107），总死亡率为18. 7%（20/107）。 化疗、微移植、自体移植及异基因移植组5年累积复发率（CIR）分别为39. 7%、6.2%、14.3%及5. 6%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001），微移植、自体移植及异基因移植组CIR均显著低于化疗组。 化疗、微移植、自体移植及异基因移植组5年疾病无进展生存（PFS）率分别为44. 7%、93.8%、85.7%及78. 1%，差异有统计学意义（P=0.011），其中微移植、自体移植及异基因移植组间PFS率相近，化疗组5年PFS率最低。 四组5年总体生存（OS）率分别为54. 9%、100%、92.9%及77. 4%（P=0.076）。 多因素分析显示相对于HD-Ara-C巩固化疗，异基因移植可改善PFS（HR=0.376，P=0.031），但不能改善OS（HR=0.527，P=0.179）；微移植及自体移植均不能改善PFS及OS（P值均>0.05）。 结论 与HD-Ara-C巩固化疗相比，异基因移植明显降低CIR，改善PFS率，但治疗相关死亡率高。 自体移植及微移植疗效与HD-Ara-C巩固化疗相当，可作为低危组AML巩固治疗的一种选择。
DNA甲基转移酶3A基因突变急性髓系白血病患者临床特征及预后研究

急性髓系白血病(AML)是一组高度异质性疾病,现已 发现约95%的AML患者具有一种以上基因突变,某些基因 突变为患者个体化治疗及靶向治疗提供基础,并且对AML 的预后判断具有重要参考价值。 DNA甲基化修饰是参与 基因表达调控和染色质结构重塑过程重要的表观遗传学机 制,构成 AML 发病的第III类致病基因。 DNA 甲基转移酶 3A(DNA methyltransferase 3A, DNMT3A)是一种与表观遗 传修饰相关的重要蛋白酶,和 DNMT3B 共同承担 DNA 从 头甲基化的修饰工作。 目前对DNMT3A突变的预后意义仍 存在一定争议,大部分研究者认为DNMT3A突变与AML患 者的不良预后相关,但也有研究提示DNMT3A突变的不 良预后价值可能仅限于特定类型AML患者群体中,仅少 数研究报道DNMT3A突变在整体及特定亚组AML患者中 均不能作为独立预后标志。 现回顾性分析我中心初治正 常核型(normal karyotype, NK)AML患者的临床资料,以探 究DNMT3A突变及其伴随突变在NK-AML患者中的预后 价值。
Two New Liolaemus from the Puna Region of Argentina and Chile: Further Resolution of Purported Reproductive Bimodality in Liolaemus alticolor (Iguania: Liolaemidae)

Abstract We provide descriptions for two new cryptic species belonging to the Liolaemus alticolor group from northern Argentina and northeastern Chile. The new species were previously considered conspecific with either Liolaemus walkeri in northeastern Chile or L. alticolor in northwestern Argentina and adjacent Chile. However, the new species differ from these taxa, and all other members of the alticolor group, in a number of characteristics. Liolaemus chaltin n. sp. differs from L. alticolor from the type locality (Tiahuanaco, Bolivia) in the following ways: this new species has a larger body size; a fragmented vertebral stripe; and a pigmented subocular (white in L. alticolor), and is one of just three members of the alticolor group that is oviparous. Liolaemus puna n. sp. differs from all other members of the alticolor group in that male L. puna lack paravertebral markings and dorsolateral and vertebral stripes. Females, however, are similar to other members of the alticolor group but can be distinguished from them by several meristic characters. Liolaemus puna is widely distributed throughout the high-elevation (3680–4400 m) Puna regions (a flat or gently sloping steppe dominated by perennial bunch grasses and small shrubs) in northwestern Argentina and northeastern Chile. Liolaemus chaltin is known only from the Puna of central Jujuy Province, Argentina (3400–3750 m). Based on examinations of the type series of L. alticolor and L. walkeri, we determined that virtually all northern Chilean populations of Liolaemus previously considered to belong to either of these two species should be assigned to L. puna. Thus, the range of L. alticolor is restricted to Bolivia and southern Perú, and the range of L. walkeri is restricted to central and southern Andean Perú. Liolaemus chaltin is oviparous, and L. puna is viviparous, and because both are morphologically similar to L. alticolor, some investigators have suggested that some populations of L. alticolor may be reproductive bimodal. Our studies, however, indicate that these populations represent sympatric populations of the cryptic species described herein. A diagnostic key is provided for the currently recognized members of the alticolor group.
化疗早期及中期18F-FDG PET/CT显像对56例弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤患者预后的评估价值

目的 探讨化疗早期及中期18F-FDG PET/CT显像判定弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)患者预后的价值，对比分析显像中残存病灶的判读标准。 方法 56例初治DLBCL患者接受R-CHOP/CHOP方案治疗，于化疗前、化疗早期(2周期，PET-2)及化疗中期(4周期，PET-4)行18F-FDG PET/CT扫描。 使用五分法和最大标准摄取值减少率(%ΔSUVmax)法判读PET-2和PET-4。 应用kappa检验评估五分法中3位阅片者判读结果的一致性，利用受试者操作特性(ROC)曲线计算%ΔSUVmax最佳阈值，构建%ΔSUVmax法、五分法的Kaplan-Meier生存曲线，使用Log-rank检验评估无进展生存(PFS)时间及整体生存(OS)时间。 使用Cox回归模型进行预后相关因子多因素分析。 结果 全部56例DLBCL患者中男28例、女28例，中位年龄55(20~80)岁，中位随访时间24 (6~42)个月。 五分法(4分为界值)评估PET/CT图像，阅片者间一致性较好(κ>0.600)。 ROC曲线计算出PET-2、PET-4的%ΔSUVmax最佳界值分别为81%、74%。 Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示，PET-2、PET-4均能预测56例DLBCL患者的预后，PET阴性患者的3年PFS和OS率明显高于PET阳性患者，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 应用五分法判读PET-4，预测患者PFS准确性最高(76.79%)；66%ΔSUVmax法判读PET-2、PET-4预测OS准确性最好(76.79%、83.93%)。 多因素分析结果显示，PET-2、PET-4均为优于国际预后指数评分的独立预后因子。 结论 PET-2和PET-4均能预测DLBCL患者预后。 PET-4预测患者预后更准确，其中使用66%ΔSUVmax法预测3年OS率、五分法预测3年PFS率更准确。
造血干细胞移植后急性移植物抗宿主病的预测及诊断标志物研究进展

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2015. 02.021 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(81090413、81270638) 作者单位:200433 上海,第二军医大学附属长海医院血液科, 全军血液病研究所 通信作者:王健民,Email:jmwang@medmail.com. cn Advances in prediction and diagnostic biomarkers on acute graftversushost disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation Wang Ziwei, Wang Jianmin Corresponding author: Wang Jianmin, Institute of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. Email: jmwang@medmail.com. cn