Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identificación del gen ccz-1 como un nuevo elemento en la ruta de degradación de cuerpos apoptóticos en Caenorhabditis elegans

[ES] Durante el desarrollo, los procesos de division celular, diferenciacion y apoptosis deben estar coordinados de forma precisa para poder mantener la homeostasis de los tejidos. El nematodo Caenorhabditis elegans es un organismo modelo muy importante en el estudio de la muerte celular y su control. Las celulas apoptoticas en C. elegans se condensan y forman cuerpos refractiles a la luz, que pueden ser observados mediante microscopia de contraste interferencial (DIC) o Nomarski. La activacion de la GTPasa CED-10 (Rac) en una celula vecina controla el reconocimiento y la fagocitosis del cuerpo apoptotico. Posteriormente a la inclusion del cuerpo fagocitado en el interior del fagosoma, diferentes proteinas son reclutadas secuencialmente sobre la superficie de este organulo, promoviendo su acidificacion y su fusion con los lisosomas, y provocando la degradacion enzimatica del cuerpo apoptotico. En este trabajo se muestra que la proteina CCZ-1, la cual esta conservada desde levaduras hasta humanos, participa en la digestion de dichos cuerpos apoptoticos. La proteina CCZ-1 parece actuar ademas en la biogenesis de lisosomas, asi como en la maduracion del fagosoma mediante el reclutamiento de la GTPasa RAB-7 sobre el fagosoma. ; [EN] During development, the processes of cell division, differentiation and apoptosis must be precisely coordinated in order to maintain tissue homeostasis. The nematode C. elegans is a powerful model system in which to study cell death and its control. C. elegans apoptotic cells condense and form refractile corpses under differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy. Activation of the GTPase CED-10 (Rac) in a neighbouring cell mediates the recognition and engulfment of the cell corpse. After inclusion of the engulfed corpse in a phagosome, different proteins are sequentially recruited onto this organelle to promote its acidification and fusion with lysosomes, leading to the enzymatic degradation of the cell corpse. In this proyect, it is shown that CCZ-1, a protein conserved from yeasts to humans, mediates the digestion of these apoptotic corpses. CCZ-1 seems to act in lysosome biogenesis and phagosome maturation by recruiting the GTPase RAB-7 over the phagosome.
Saving Rate, Total Factor Productivity and Growth Process for Developing Countries

The Solow [1957] implies that the TFP is the core factor of economic growth. If the economy bases merely on capital accumulation without technological progress, the diminishing returns on capital accumulation will eventually de- presses economic growth to zero. Accordingly, Solowian supporters attribute the miracle economic growths in Newly Industrialized Economies (NIEs) in sec- ond half of 20th century to adoption of technologies previously developed by more advanced economies. Pack [1992] suggests "the source of growth in a few Asian economies was their ability to extract relevant technological knowledge from industrial economies and utilize it productively within domestic economy".
Electromigration-induced Pb and Sn whisker growth in SnPb solder stripes

Electromigration at 5 × 10^4 A/cm^2 and 100 °C was conducted to grow composite Pb/Sn whiskers from SnPb solders, in which a Pb whisker grows first and then a whisker of Sn grows. In some cases, small Sn islands are embedded in Pb whiskers. The diameter of a composite whisker is <1 μm, which is much smaller than that of spontaneous Sn whisker growth on leadframes. The growth orientation of Pb whiskers was in the [110], [1^¯_11], and [112] directions. This investigation proposes that compressive stress generated by electromigration at the anode provides the force driving whisker growth. Therefore, accelerated tests of whisker growth at higher temperatures using electromigration are feasible.
Wear Resistant Materials Containing Recycled

High mechanical loads, corrosion and abrasion decreases the life time of many tooling materials used in the modern economy. One way to increase the wear resistance of tooling materials can be found in the addition of hard particles for example titanium carbide. Titanium carbide (TiC) has a high hardness, good corrosion resistance and a low density. Because of the aforementioned characteristics, TiC is used in Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) to increase the wear resistance of the material. However, TiC is a cost-intensive material, thereby providing a strong incentive for recycling of TiC from worn parts or machining chips. Due to a new recycling process it is possible to recycle TiC from worn parts or machining chips. In this study, the recycled TiC (RecyTiC) is investigated with regard to the morphology, particle size, chemical composition and phase analyses. In addition, the results were compared to industrial produced TiC. In the next step, the RecyTiC was reused for the production of MMCs. The MMCs reinforced with RecyTiC was also characterized with respect to the microstructure and wear behavior.
Assessment of rational use of fixed dose combinations in hypertension in a tertiary care teaching hospital in north India

Background: Fixed-dose combination (FDC) agents could be considered as an effective therapy in chronic illnesses like hypertension, which have multifactorial etiology. At present, many FDCs have come into the market without being assessed for their efficacy, safety and rationality by the drug regulatory authorities. The objective of the present study was to assess the rational use of fixed dose drug combinations in hypertension.Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the cardiology outpatient department of ASCOMS and H, Sidhra, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir from February 2016 to July 2016. In the study 92 prescriptions of hypertensive patients who were on anti-hypertensive fixed-dose drug combinations (FDCs) were recruited after thoroughly evaluated for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data obtained includes the demographic profile of the patients, pattern of the prescribed FDCs in hypertension, evaluation of the rationality of the FDCs based upon the comprehensive seven-point criteria developed by Panda et al.Results: In the present study, about sixteen different anti-hypertensive FDCs were observed in the prescriptions of 92 patients during six-month period. It was observed that about 93.75% of FDCs were dual drug combinations. Among the dual drug combinations, most commonly used combination was Olmesartan (ARB; Angiotensin receptor blocker) + Amlodipinine (Calcium channel blocker) in 17.4% of patients. It was also observed that among the 16 different anti-hypertensive fixed dose combinations analysed, 12 FDCs (75%) were found to be rational and 4 FDCs (25%) were found to be irrational.Conclusions: In the present study it was found that 75% of the FDCs prescribed were rational and 25% were irrational. Therefore, before marketing the FDCs proper assessment of their efficacy, safety and rationality should be done.
The Amount of Excess Cash Holdings and Their Influence on Abnormal Returns in IPO's in Tehran Stock Exchange

This study investigates the extent of surplus cash holdings and their influence on abnormal returns in initial public offerings of stock in Tehran Stock Exchange. The 101 companies during the period 2003 to 2012 were selected. Selective approach to testing hypotheses, examining cross-sectional data Regression testing analysis and compared statistically independent samples was used to test hypotheses. The results show that the retention surplus cash holdings by firms and abnormal returns in initial public offerings of stock, the general relationship in between. In general, there is no significant relationship. But tests determined that for each year of the procedure, it was determined for each year. During the 2005 years (significant negative association) and 2009 years (significant positive relationship), there also was the stability of the cash surplus items stored during some years now have changed and so we can say is unsustainable. Given the similarity of the average abnormal returns varied over the study period, one can say that the variable of interest over the years has remained stable. During the years of said, the variable of interest has remained stable.
'It's not enough for the work of art to be great' : children and young people as museum visitors

This paper examines trends in the understanding of children as visitors to art and natural history museums. It begins by examining research into the qualities of engagement by museum visitors generally. It then addresses the specific challenges posed by children as visitors, and the responses developed by museums to enhance their engagement. Three strategies are identified: social/family-centred interactivity, immersive experiences and engagement through interpretive dialogue. The three examples of programs of children’s engagement examined in this paper represent a major departure from such models towards a profoundly social form of interaction. The paper argues that these strategies are museums’ responses to shifts in pedagogical theory, and have been developed to increase the engagement of the child-visitor with exhibitions. Such strategies represent a genuine engagement between adults (both museum staff and parents) and children, and an opportunity for children to define the experience of cultural engagement. The consequence of this is a redefinition of the cultural role of museums in relation to children.
Sales Force Analytics for the Solution Selling Firm: A Predictive Model for Assessing the Impact of Sales Team Assignments

Many firms in several industries transform their business from selling products to selling solutions. This transformation radically changes the selling approach and, therefore, impacts the sales organization and sales management. Yet, little attention is given to this challenge in quantitative sales force modeling. Although sales force modeling, in particular sales force assignment modeling, has been the focus of research for decades, solution selling has only sparsely been investigated from a sales modeling perspective. Addressing this challenge, this work proposes a predictive model for assessing the impact of different sales team assignments. The proposed predictive model utilizes mining of operational enterprise data and serves as a sales response function for solving sales force assignment problems. Furthermore, the model can assist sales managers in estimating the impact of different sales force allocation scenarios on future sales.
Performance Analysis of a System that Identifies the Parallel Modules through Program Dependence Graph

We have proposed a new approach to identify segments, which can be executed simultaneously, or coextending to achieve high computational speed with optimized utilization of available resources. Our suggested approach is divided into four modules. In first module we have represented a program segment using Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) along with an algorithm for constructing AST and in second module, this AST has been converted into Program Dependence Graph (PDG), the detailed approach has been described in section II, The process of construction of PDG is divided into two steps: First we construct a Control Dependence Graph (CDG, In second step reachability definition algorithm has been used to identify data dependencies between the various modules of a program by constructing Data Dependence Graph (DDG). In third module an algorithm is suggested to identify parallel modules, i.e., the modules that can be executed simultaneously in the section III and in fourth module performance analysis is discussed through our approach along with the computation of time complexity and its comparison with sequential approach is demonstrated in a pictorial form.
Space vector PWM signal generation for multilevel inverters using only the sampled amplitudes of reference phase voltages

A pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme for multilevel inverters is proposed. The proposed PWM scheme generates the inverter leg switching times, from the sampled reference phase voltage amplitudes and centres the switching times for the middle vectors, in a sampling interval, as in the case of conventional space vector PWM (SVPWM). The SVPWM scheme, presented for multilevel inverters, can also work in the overmodulation range, using only the sampled amplitudes of reference phase voltages. The present PWM technique does not involve any sector identification and considerably reduces the computation time when compared to the conventional space vector PWM technique. The present PWM signal generation scheme can be used for any multilevel inverter configuration. A five-level inverter configuration, using an open-ended winding induction motor drive, is used to verify the SVPWM generation scheme experimentally.
Identification of Fusarium species associated with Fusarium head blight of wheat in the North of Iran and phylogenetic analysis of the dominant species

In order to determine the causal agents of Fusarium head blight, during 2015–16, wheat heads with disease symptom were collected from 10 and six main wheat production areas of Golestan and Mazandaran provinces (N Iran), respectively. A total of 431 Fusarium isolates were obtained belonging to nine Fusarium species based on their morphological characteristics. Fusarium graminearum species complex had the highest frequency among the species in both provinces, Golestan (52.0%) and Mazandaran (55.8%). Fusarium culmorum, F. equiseti, F. Acuminatum, and F. compactum had the highest mean of frequency in both provinces with 13.5, 9.7, 6.0 and 3.7%, respectively after F. graminearum. Also, F. cerealis, F. Avenaceum, and F. proliferatum and some unidentified isolates a total of 14% of the isolates were calculated. The lowest frequency was related to F. subglutinans (1%) that was isolated only from Golestan province. In order to determine the phylogeny of F. graminearum species complex in the North Iran, 53 out of 229 isolates were selected based on their distribution in the sampled areas. Partial genes of translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) and putative reductase (RED) were amplified using specific primers. A commercial sequencing facility was used to generate fungal sequences. Almost all strains of F. graminearum species complex belonged to F. graminearum sensu stricto. The results indicated a homogeniety within F. graminearum species complex, however, there was a minor morphologically differences between some strains.
Application of PCR-based DNA sequencing technique for the detection of Leptospira in peripheral blood of septicemia patients

Aim: Isolation, dark field detection and microscopic agglutination test (MAT) are considered ―gold standard‖ tests for diagnosis of Leptospirosis. Several PCR assays are reported but very few have been evaluated for detection of Leptospirosis. Therefore, this study was undertaken. This study aims to design and standardize polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -based DNA sequencing technique for the detection of pathogenic Leptospira from peripheral blood of patients clinically diagnosed with septicemia. Methodology and Results: Two hundred and seven (207) blood samples from patients were diagnosed with septicemia which includes 100 bacterial (other than Leptospira) culture positive and 107 bacterial culture negative samples were studied. Primers for Nested PCR targeting LipL32 gene of Leptospira interrogans were designed and the specificity of primers was tested against serum samples positive/negative by either MAT or dark field microscopy. PCR amplified products were further confirmed by DNA sequencing. The standardized nPCR was sensitive and specific to Leptospira interrogans. Twenty-one (21%) out of 100 culture positive blood samples, three (2.8%) out of 107 culture negative samples showed nPCR positivity and were confirmed as Leptospira interrogans by DNA sequencing (p<0.001). A sensitive nPCR specific to Leptospira interrogans was developed. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The p value (<0.001) signifies that Leptospira is commonly associated with other bacteria circulating in blood indicating that a decreased immune status is created primarily by a bacterium with enhanced possibility of development of Leptospiral infection probably be of an endogenous origin.
Fine-grained Privilege Propagation in DIFC Model

In Decentralized Information Flow Control Model, Label is used for marking security level of sensitive data (such as static file, memory data or network packet). Anyone who wants to access the labeled data must obtain relative label first, so authorization is a process that the data owner give data receiver the capability to get the label. Traditionally, most researchers focus on the DIFC model innovation and application, few pay attention to how to disseminate the privilege of adding tag or removing tag. Fine-grained privilege propagation is the foundation for sharing sensitive data securely. In this paper we propose the model of fine-grained privilege propagation. The model provides label privilege granting and revocation in process level and describes four level of authorization for more flexible privilege propagation. The experiments demonstrate that FPPM improves the flexibility of data sharing.
Are there autochthonous Ferrissia (Mollusca: Planorbidae) in the Palaearctic? Molecular evidence of a widespread North American invasion of the Old World

Abstract In the last few decades, findings of freshwater limpets belonging to the genus Ferrissia have been frequent and widely distributed throughout the Palaearctic and beyond. The widespread presence of a Nearctic alien taxon was proved, but no consensus was achieved about the possible existence of autochthonous Ferrissia taxa in the area, an occurrence which would be supported by the presence of gastropod fossils attributed to the genus throughout Eurasia and North Africa. In order to test the hypothesis of a possible persistence of autochthonous Ferrissia taxa in the Palaearctic to the present day, all the published data on the genetic diversity of Ferrissia populations occurring in the area were reviewed, expanding also the currently available dataset through dedicated sampling surveys in Italy, Malta and Spain. Here, based on currently published and novel large ribosomal subunit 16S rRNA (16S) and cytochrome oxidase sub-unit 1 (COI) sequences, the presence of the allochthonous Ferrissia californica in the whole Palaearctic was confirmed. Conversely, no evidence supporting the presence of autochthonous Ferrissia taxa was obtained. Ferrissia californica proved to be a highly invasive taxon (in spite of its extremely low genetic diversity) throughout the invaded regions, which is possibly related to the species’ ability of asexual reproduction. Finally, the need to investigate the possible impact exerted by F. californica on the autochthonous Palaearctic biota is briefly stressed.
CM 2001 / P : 05 Estimating catch-at-age from market sampling data using a Bayesian hierarchical model

The Norwegian Institute for Marine Research has the task of estimating the total catch-at-age of cod by the commercial fishing fleet in the Barents Sea. The procedure is the following: A boat (the Amigo) sails from port to port along the north Norwegian coast over a period of about 6 weeks, 4 times a year (roughly corresponding to the 4 seasons). At each port it takes a sample of about 100 fish from whichever boats are available at the time. The fish are weighed, the length measured, and the otoliths extracted. These otoliths are then used to estimate the age of the fish. Each year about 300 boats, and thus about 30,000 fish are sampled. Note that the program only samples landings, though we refer to catch-at-age in this paper.
The Long‐Term Effects of Political Violence on Political Attitudes: Evidence from the Spanish Civil War

type="main"> This article investigates whether political violence has long-term effects on attitudes toward political participation. This is an interesting topic because public engagement and social capital play a crucial role in shaping the economy and democracy. We exploit a recent survey on the 1936-1939 Spanish Civil War to shed light on this question. Our findings indicate that being a member of a family that suffered violence during the Civil War is related to a higher interest, knowledge and engagement in politics. These results stand in stark contrast to the common expectation that political violence leads to lower public engagement, while they are consistent with other studies focusing on the short-term consequences of civil conflicts. Therefore, the legacy of political violence, far from creating political apathy, may be the higher involvement of citizens in politics.
Fiscal Federalism, Interjurisdictional Externalities and Overlapping Policies

In this paper, we analyze the effects of the interaction between national and local policies designed to reduce an environmental externality that causes environmental damages both nationally and locally. We formulate a theoretical model to develop hypotheses regarding the combined effects of such policies on the stringency of the local policies and on firms’ emissions reductions. To test our hypotheses, we use actual data for Sweden, where emissions of nitrogen oxides from combustion plants are subject to a heavy national tax and to individual emissions standards set by county authorities. Our analytical findings suggest that it is unlikely that local regulators will impose emissions standards stringent enough to achieve further reductions than those induced by the national tax. This is confirmed in our data, where most emissions reductions can be attributed to the national tax and the effects of the emissions standards are not significant.
Hadal water biogeochemistry over the Izu – Ogasawara Trench observed with a full-depth CTD-CMS

Full-depth profiles of hydrographic and geochemical properties at the Izu–Ogasawara Trench were observed for the first time using a CTD-CMS (conductivity– temperature–depth profiler with carousel multiple sampling) system. Additionally, comparative samplings were done at the northern Mariana Trench using the same methods. A well-mixed hydrographic structure below 7000 m was observed within the Izu–Ogasawara Trench. Seawater samples collected from this well-mixed hadal layer exhibited constant concentrations of nitrate, phosphate, silicate, and nitrous oxide as well as constant nitrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of nitrate and nitrous oxide. These results agree well with previous observations of the Izu–Ogasawara hadal waters and deep-sea water surrounding the Izu–Ogasawara Trench. In turn, methane concentrations and isotopic compositions indicated spatial heterogeneity within the well-mixed hadal water mass, strongly suggesting a local methane source within the trench, in addition to the background methane originating from the general deep-sea bottom water. Sedimentary compound releases, associated with sediment resuspensions, are considered to be the most likely mechanism for generating this significant CH4 anomaly.