Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Efficient 3-Factor Authentication for Secure Communication using Improved Smart Cards Authentication

Security in computers is information protection from unauthorized or accidental disclosure while the information is in transmission and while information is in storage. Authentication protocols provide two entities to ensure that the counterparty is the intended one whom he attempts to communicate with over an insecure network. These protocols can be considered from three dimensions: type, efficiency and security. The Existing methodology implemented for Secure Communication using Smart Cards provides efficient Security from various attacks, but provides high Computation and Communication Cost, hence a new and efficient technique is implemented which is based on Concept of 3-Factor Authentication. In the First Factor Authentication secure password is generated for valid User and then Image based Authentication is generated and finally smart card based authentication is provided. The Proposed methodology implemented provides Secure Communication from various attacks and low Communication and Computation Cost.
Professional Language in Swedish Radiology Reports - Characterization for Patient-Adapted Text Simplification

In health care, there is a need for patient adaption of clinical text, so that patients can understand their own health records. As a base for construction of automated text simplification tools, characterization of the clinical language is needed. We describe a corpus of 0.43 mill. radiology reports from a University Hospital, characterize it quantitatively and per-form a qualitative content analysis. The results show that a limited set of words and phrases are recurrent in the reports and can be used for exchange to more easy-to-read vocabu-lary. Semantic categories such as body parts, findings, proce-dures, and administrative information can be used in the sim-plification process. This study investigates the potentials and the pitfalls for text simplification of medical Swedish into general Swedish for laymen.
Improved Theoretical Ground-State Energy of the Hydrogen Molecule *

The potential-energy curve for the electronic ground state of the hydrogen molecule ha~ been calcul~ted for 1 <R <3.2 a.u. in double precision and using a 100-term expansion for the electrOnIc wavefunctron. Accu;;cy ~f the previously computed diagonal corrections for nuclear motion has been. tested. The vibrational equation has been solved for all isotopes of the hydrogen molecule and for th~ =o~atlOnal q~an.tum numb~r J < 10. The calculated adiabatic dissociation energy of H2, corrected for relatIvistIc and radiatIve effects, IS by-3.8 cm-I larger than the experimental value, hence the theoretical total energy is by the same amount lower than the experimental value. The calculated vibrational quanta for H2 are by 0.5-0.9 cm-1 larger than the experimental ones.
Design of a new ultra-small polarization converter in InGaAsP/InP membrane

The design of an ultra-small (4.1 µm length) polarization converter in Indium phosphide (InP) membrane is presented. The device is modelled using a vectorial 2D mode solver. Simulations show strong conversion (> 94%) and low-loss operation (<0.5 dB) over a wavelength range of 200 nm. A description of a possible fabrication scheme for the device using standard InP technology is also given.
Adaptation of bactrian camel to hot desert climate using interspecies embryo transfer

Bactrian camel in Iran is adapted to the cold environment and can't tolerate hot desert climate. We hypothesised that the uterus of dromedary camel acclimatised to hot region, could provide the condition for bactrian camel embryo to be able to adapt to hot climate postnatal. Bactrian camel donors were superovulated according to the standard procedure. Embryos were recovered non-surgically on day 8.5 after inducing ovulation. Recipient dromedary camels were induced to ovulate when they had a mature follicle, 13–17 mm in diameter, on the ovary. Grade one bactrian camel embryos were transferred non-surgically to recipients when they were on Day 6.5–7.5 after inducing ovulation. Since 2008, when the first bactrian camel calf was born, totally 15 calves (6 males and 9 females) were born. Ten calves were born in the cold environment and 6 calves were born in the hot desert climate. At the moment, all progenies have 4–6 years of age without any particular problem. In conclusion, the adaptation to different climate could be transferred via the uterus to embryo. This novel finding will provide the opportunity to extend an endangered Iranian bactrian camel, which adapted to the cold environment, to hot desert climates.
Research on the Relationship between P 2 P Lending Platform and the Development of Small-Micro Enterprise in China

With the rapid development of P2P lending, P2P lending play an important role in small-micro enterprise financing channel. On the basis of financial function theory, the paper compares the P2P lending with other financing channel. And discusses how the P2P lending is promoting small micro-enterprise financing. Then, the author uses the panel data of seven provinces from January 2014 to September 2015 of China as sample to analyze the relationship between P2P lending and the development of small-micro enterprise. The results of the paper show that the P2P lending has a positive role in promoting the development of small-micro enterprise.
Data-Need Fit – Towards Data-Driven Business Model Innovation

Today’s world is one of growing data, yet few companies have succeeded in leveraging data for novel business models. This paper aims to provide an evaluated approach to understanding what kind of data is available and to matching data with potential user needs for compelling value propositions. For this purpose, the paper introduces, on the one hand, the Data Canvas as a new method for considering data resources systematically in the development of business models and, on the other hand, the Data-Need Fit as a conceptual basis for the established business model innovation process according to Osterwalder, Pigneur, Bernarda & Smith (2014). Applied in a case study, the Data Canvas proved simple to use. Integrated into a service design process, it may help companies to leverage data as a resource in business model innovation.
Number 09 / 45 A Hybrid Radial Basis Function-Pseudospectral Method for Thermal Convection in a 3-D Spherical Shell by

A novel hybrid spectral method that combines radial basis function (RBF) and Chebyshev pseudospectral (PS) methods in a “2+1” approach is presented for numerically simulating thermal convection in a 3-D spherical shell. This is the first study to apply RBFs to a full 3D physical model in spherical geometry. In addition to being spectrally accurate, RBFs are not defined in terms of any surface based coordinate system such as spherical coordinates. As a result, when used in the lateral directions, as in this study, they completely circumvent the pole issue with the further advantage that nodes can be “scattered” over the surface of a sphere. In the radial direction, Chebyshev polynomials are used, which are also spectrally accurate and provide the necessary clustering near the boundaries to resolve boundary layers. Applications of this new hybrid methodology are given to the problem of convection in the Earth’s mantle, which is modeled by a Boussinesq fluid at infinite Prandtl number. To see whether this numerical technique warrants further investigation, the study limits itself to an isoviscous mantle. Benchmark comparisons are presented with other currently used mantle convection codes for Rayleigh number 7 · 10 and 10. The algorithmic simplicity of the code (mostly due to RBFs) allows it to be written in less than 400 lines of Matlab and run on a single workstation. We find that our method is very competitive with those currently used in the literature.
JAB1/CSN5: A Multifunctional Protein in Cancer

c-Jun activation domain-binding protein 1 (JAB1) was originally identified as a c-Jun co-activator and subsequently discovered to be a component of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex. JAB1, which is also known as CSN5, affects many partner proteins through protein-protein interaction, which leads to protein degradation and transcriptional activation. Thereby, JAB1/CSN5 functions as a multifunctional protein involved in the regulation of cell cycle, signal transduction, and DNA repair. In particular, JAB1/CSN5 plays an essential role in tumorigenesis by degrading tumor suppressor proteins and activating oncogenic transcription factors. JAB1/CSN5 overexpression has been observed in various types of cancer, and it has been multifunctionally involved in cancer progression. In this review, we provide an overview of the roles of JAB1/CSN5 in tumorigenesis and summarize recent findings that highlight the novel roles of JAB1/CSN5 in this process
Development of a Classification Rule Mining Framework by Using Temporal Pattern Extraction

In recent years, KDD (Knowledge Discovery in Databases) (Fayyad et al., 1996) has been widely known as a process to extract useful knowledge from databases. In the research field of KDD, ‘Temporal (Time-Series) Data Mining’ is one of important issues to mine useful knowledge such as patterns, rules, and structured descriptions for a domain expert. However, huge numerical temporal data such as stock market data, medical test data, and sensor data have been only stored to databases. Besides, many temporalmining schemes such as temporal pattern extraction methods and frequent itemset mining methods have been proposed to find out useful knowledge from numerical temporal databases. Although each method can find out partly knowledge of each suggested domains, there is no systematic framework to utilize each given numerical temporal data through whole of the KDD process. To above problems, we have developed an integrated temporal data mining environment, which can apply numerical temporal data to find out valuable knowledge systematically. The environment consists of temporal pattern extraction, mining, mining result evaluation support system to attempt numerical temporal data from various domains. In this chapter, we describe a classification rule mining framework by combining temporal pattern extraction and rule mining. This framework has been developed for mining if-then rules consisting of temporal patterns in left hand side of the rules. The right hand side of the rules is indicated to predict both of important events and temporal patterns of important index. In order to show the effectiveness of the framework, we implemented this framework for a medical sequential data of laboratory test results for chronic hepatitis patients and a sequential data consisting of technical indexes for Japanese stocks. By using the implementations and experimental results, we present the following merits achieved by the classification rules with considering temporal patterns of the target attributes:
DO LEADING OR LAGGING FIRMS LEARN MORE FROM EXPORTING

An interesting theoretical debate arises when considering firm heterogeneity in learning from exporting. One perspective intimates that technologically lagging firms stand to benefit more from exporting because exposure to technological knowledge in foreign markets allows these firms to close the gap with their more technologically endowed counterparts. A contrasting perspective posits that technologically superior firms benefit more from exporting since these firms are better equipped to translate knowledge acquired in foreign markets into innovation. Using a sample of 1,744 Spanish manufacturing firms from 1990–1997, this study empirically investigates how exporting differentially influences the patent output of technologically leading versus technologically lagging firms. We find that exporting is associated with the ex post increase in innovative productivity for both technologically leading and lagging firms. However, subsequent to exporting, technologically leading firms apply for more patents than technologically lagging firms. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Emergence then and now : Concepts , criticisms , and rejoinders

Although it is not generally well-known among complexity aficionados, the concept of emergence had a well established history before the advent of the present day study of complex systems. As early as 1874, the American/British philosopher and man of letters G. H. Lewes (1874-1879) had coined the term “emergent” in its modern technical meaning: “. although each effect is the resultant of its components, we cannot always trace the steps of the process, so as to see in the product the mode of operation of each factor. In the latter case, I propose to call the effect an emergent. It arises out of the combined agencies, but in a form which does not display the agents in ac-tion. ”[1] Several decades later this nascent notion of ‘emergent’ was elaborated into a process of ‘emergence’ which became the basis for a loosely joined scientific and philosophical movement called ‘Emergent Evolutionism’ (for history and review see Blitz, 1992). Such eminent Emergent Evolutionist philosophers and scientists as Samuel Alexander, C. L. Morgan, C. D. Broad, W. Wheeler, A. N. Whitehead, and others discussed emergence in terms of a sudden arising of new ‘collocations’ or ‘integrations’ with new properties arising on a new ‘higher’ emergent level out of ‘lower’ level components. This enriched concept of emergence was offered as a counter to the then prevalent interpretation of evolution as taking place through incremental steps, a process understood in mechanistic terms. In contrast, Emergent Evolutionists held that a scientific and philosophical perspective founded on emergence was capable of steering between the extremes of mechanistic reductionism on the one side and an ungrounded vitalism on the other (see Goldstein, 1999, 2003).
Macroeconomic Policies to Increase Social Mobility and Growth in Bolivia

Poverty in Bolivia continues to be among the highest in Latin America despite decades of concerted national and international efforts to reduce it. The external aid has been generous and foreign direct investment has boomed; nevertheless, average productivity and incomes remain at the same low level as they were 50 years ago. This paper suggests that the failure of previous development policies is due to a lack of social mobility in the country. Without social mobility, there is little incentive for people to invest in human ad physical capital, and without investment there cannot be productivity growth. In addition, the lack of social mobility implies an inefficient use of human capital, and it hinders the construction of efficient social mechanisms for redistribution and consumption smoothing over the life-cycle.
Spin transport and spin-caloric effects in (Cr,Zn)Te half-metallic nanostructures: Effect of spin disorder at elevated temperatures from first principles

An important contribution to the thermoelectric and spin-caloric transport properties in magnetic materials at elevated temperatures is the formation of a spin-disordered state due to local moment fluctuations. This effect has not been largely investigated so far. We focus on various magnetic nanostructures of CrTe in the form of thin layers or nanowires embedded in ZnTe matrix, motivated by the miniaturization of spintronics devices and by recent suggestions that magnetic nanostructures can lead to extraordinary thermoelectric effects due to quantum confinement. The electronic structure of the studied systems is calculated within the multiple scattering screened Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green function (KKR-GF) framework. The Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the magnetization in the temperature induced spin disorder. The transport properties are evaluated from the transmission probability obtained using the Baranger-Stone approach within the KKR-GF framework. We find qualitative and quantitative changes in the thermoelectric and spin-caloric coefficients when spin disorder is included in the calculation. Furthermore, we show that substitutional impurities in CrTe nanowires could considerably enhance the Seebeck coefficient and the thermoelectric figure of merit.
Build Direction Effects on Microchannel Tolerance and Surface Roughness

With the advance of additive manufacturing (AM) processes, complex designs can be created with engineering metals. One specific advantage of this greater design space is the ability to create small internal channels and passageways for cooling high heat flux or temperature applications such as electronics and gas turbine airfoils. These applications can have complex shapes, which when coupled with the required small channel sizes, make traditional finishing processes a challenge for additively manufactured parts. Therefore, it is desirable for designers to be able to use AM parts with small internal channels that are as-built. To achieve this goal, however, designers must know how the AM process affects internal channel tolerances and roughness levels, since both impact the amount of cooling that can be achieved in actual applications. In this study, the direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) process, more generically referred to as selective laser melting (SLM), was used to additively manufacture test coupons. The AM build direction was varied to study its effect on small microsized, circular channels. Specifically, X-ray computed tomography (CT-scan) was used to nondestructively inspect the interior of the test coupons. Using the data from the CT-scans, internal surface roughness, geometric tolerances, and deviations from the computer-aided design (CAD) model were calculated. In comparing the data, significant differences were seen between the three different build directions. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4031071]
Simulation and Control of Heart Rhythm Dynamics

In this paper we propose a method for controlling heart rhythm behavior. A control law based on the electrocardiogram signal is used. Controller algorithm is based on two parameters, the controller gain and the norm of tracking error signal. The objective is to take out the heart rhythm dynamics from a non desirable situation (cardio-pathology) to a normal specified behavior, which is given by a signal generated by the reference system. System chaotification and synchronization of two chaotic systems are also considered. All these issues are interpreted as a tracking problem of a variable set-point signal, or by means of systems synchronization. Simulations are carried out using a mathematical model composed with six differential delayed equations, which provides different dynamical behaviors related with cardio-pathologies. By means of the proposed control law application, the heart rhythm is conduced to the specified behavior and satisfactory results are obtained in numerical simulations. Key-Words: control law, heartbeat control, simulation, chaotic behavior, synchronization.
Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic Compounds and Anthocyanin Contents in 35 Different Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivars Grown in Fars Province

Grapes are significant sources of nutritional antioxidants as well as biologically active dietary components. This study was carried out to determine the amount of total phenols, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of 35 grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars grown in Fars province (Iran). Ripened bunches were randomly harvested from grapevine collection in Zarghan (Fars province, Iran) Agricultural Research Center, and then were transferred to the laboratory. Berry size (length, diameter, and weight), skin weight, acidity, vitamin C, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, phenols, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The results showed that total phenols, anthocyanin and antioxidant activity in the berries varied among the investigated cultivars. ‘Gandome Uromia’ (Red, 64) and ‘Rishbaba Uromia’ (Red, 75) cultivars had the highest values of antioxidant activity and total phenols. The lowest amount of phenol was obtained from ‘Divaneh Kashmar’ (White, 135) cultivar. Anthocyanin and antioxidant activity were the lowest in ‘Jeshnion Bavanat’ (White, 105) cultivar. Antioxidant activity had a positive significant correlation with amount of phenols and anthocyanin. In general, it was found that different cultivars in this study had a vast range of antioxidant activity from 14.55 to 66.47%.
isease burden in four populations of dog and cat breeds compared to ixed-breed dogs and European shorthair cats

Current public and professional opinion is that many dog breeds suffer from health issues related to inherited diseases or extreme phenotypes. The aim of this historical comparative observational study was to evaluate the breed-related disease burden in three purebred dog populations (Chihuahua, French bulldog, Labrador retriever) and one purebred cat breed (Persian cats) in the Netherlands by comparison to a control population of mixed-breed dogs and European Shorthair cats. A qualitative query was performed, consisting of a literature review and collecting the expert opinions of University veterinary specialists, to gather insight into potential diseases of the study population. Next, a referral clinic case control study of the patients referred to specific medical disciplines in the University Clinic was performed. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated to determine the likelihood of a patient referred to a particular medical discipline being a certain breed. Together, the qualitative query and the case control study resulted in a list of potentially relevant diseases limited to five organ systems per breed. These were analysed in data from primary practices. Patient files from ten primary practices over a period of two years were manually extracted and examined. Four-hundred individual patient records per breed as well as 1000 non-breed records were randomly selected from the 10 practices, weighted per practice size. Records were then examined and the presence or absence of certain diseases was identified. To evaluate the disease burden per breed, proportional difference (PD) was estimated, as well as the animal’s age at presentation in months. The results of the referral clinic case control study showed an overrepresentation (Odds Ratio > 1.5) of the selected breeds in several medical specialties, while median age at presentation was in some cases significantly lower than in the non-breed animals. Results of the practice-based extended cross-sectional study showed that only a few of the selected diseases contribute to the disease burden in these purebred populations, which was different from the expectations derived from the literature or expert opinion. Additional results included age difference at presentation, which may be interpreted as age of onset, and could indicate a higher disease burden for the individual animal. Also, only a small percentage of purebred dogs was registered with the national kennel club. Our final recommendation is that population-based data mining is needed to evaluate country-specific companion animal health and welfare. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: s.f. a.keijser@uu.nl (S.F.A. Keijser). 1 These authors contributed equally. 2 ecgg@uu.nl. ttp://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.prevetmed. 2017.02. 016 167-5877/© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.