Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hormonal Response to Partner Exposure in Female-Female, Female-Male, and Male-Male Romantic Partnerships

Love and affection have long been the subjects of human fascination. We posit that these feelings of love and affection are the cumulative manifestations of biological responses to prospective and current romantic partners. Such biological responses are linked especially to coordination of the hormone cortisol. Feelings of love and affection do not limit themselves to opposite-sex romantic partner pairs; they extend to female-female and male-male partner pairings. We assert that biological responses to romantic partner exposure should be similar amongst individuals of the same biological sex, regardless of the sex of their partner. Previous research shows that romantic partners display synchrony in their cortisol responses, or adrenocortical attunement. The focus of this study is on cortisol responses in individuals in response to partner exposure, measured in salivary samples taken at and around the time of partner exposure and assayed for cortisol. This study examines a series of specific hormonal snapshots related to partner exposure in opposite and same-sex romantic partnerships. Our data show homologous attunement patterns between same-sex and opposite-sex partnerships. Further, results indicate a strong connection between adverse childhood experiences, attachment anxiety, and mating orientation with potential to disrupt adrenocortical attunement between romantic partners.
Genome dynamics and chromosomal localization of the non-LTR retrotransposons Rex1 and Rex3 in Antarctic fish

The non-long terminal repeat retrotransposons Rex1 and Rex3 were identified in 13 species of Antarctic fishes from five families of the suborder Notothenioidei. Partial reverse transcriptase gene sequences were characterized for Notothenia coriiceps, Trematomus newnesi and Dissostichus mawsoni (Nototheniidae), and Gymnodraco acuticeps (Bathydraconidae). Rex1 and Rex3 both formed a notothenioid-specific monophyletic group compared to the corresponding elements from other fishes. They globally evolved under purifying selection, showing their activity during notothenioid evolution. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of the chromosomal distribution of Rex1 and Rex3 was performed for several notothenioid fish species. Rex1 was generally less abundant than Rex3, which was widely scattered on the chromosomes with more intense hybridization patterns in some specific zones. Particularly, Rex3 accumulated in Chionodraco hamatus in pericentromeric areas, short arms of some pairs as well as in an intercalary band in the long arm of the Y chromosome similarly to a previously described DNA transposon. Such pattern similarities suggest the presence of autosomal and gonosomal regions of preferential accumulation for different types of repeated elements in notothenioid genomes. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first description and analysis of retrotransposable elements in Antarctic fish genomes.
Verbal decision analysis applied on the choice of educational tools prototypes: a study case aiming at making computer engineering education broadly accessible

Nowadays there is a growing demand for professionals with knowledge on software processes. With the aim of introducing thesetechniques to a considerable number of people, in an easy and accessible way, this paper presents ideas for educational tools thatsupport its teaching. Currently, the only way people can have a good knowledge on the area is attending to formal courses, andour aim is to divulge the area via Computer Engineering Education techniques, such as educational tools or games that arousepeople’s interest for learning. This way, six prototypes are defined and Verbal Decision Analysis methods will be used to helpselecting the prototype that fits the necessity of the users. The ORCLASS method will be applied using the ORCLASSWEB tool,with the aim of classifying the prototypes in two groups, acceptable and unacceptable designs. Then, the prototypes of the firstgroup will be ordered using a tool based on the ZAPROS III-i method so that the most preferable interface will be selected. Theresearch results show that the use of qualitative methods of decision support can benefit significantly on selecting the preferableinterface for future development of real educational tools applications.
A Survey of Multilevel Voltage Source Inverter Topologies, Controls, and Applications

Multi-level converters are every day attracting research interest due to it tremendous positive contributions they are making in the power industries. The converter has put hope in the minds of power electronic engineers that a time will come when it will break a record by providing an efficient means of utilizing the abundant renewable energy resources. The paper presents a review of multilevel voltage source converters that are widely being used in engineering applications. It reports the technological advancements in converter topologies of Flying Capacitor (FC), Neutral Point (NPC) /Diode Clamped, and Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) with their respective advantages and disadvantages. Recent customized/hybrid topologies of the three-phase multilevel inverter with reduced component count and switching combination are reported. The paper also reviewed different modulation techniques such as the multilevel converter carrier base PWM, Space Vector Modulation techniques (SVM), and Selective Harmonic Elimination method (SHE-PWM). Finally, various multilevel converters areas of application were highlighted. This review will expose the reader to the latest developments made in the multi-level topologies, modulation techniques, and applications.
Estimation of the physicochemical properties of heat-stable fruit fillings.

The objective of this work was to analyze the main physicochemical properties of the fruit fillings prepared by using a heat-stable blend based on two hydrocolloids: low acyl gellan gum and amylopectin starch. Cherry and peach purees thawed after 1 month of freezer storage were used as a primary raw material in the preparation of fruit fillings. These were assayed for pH, soluble solids, total titrable acidity and total polyphenols before being used in the process of making fruit fillings. The same physicochemical parameters were investigated in the fillings prepared from the fruit purees presented above. In order to find out how the main quality characteristics of fruit fillings are affected by the thermal treatment during preparation and how the heat-stable complex containing low acyl gellan gum and amylopectin starch is capable to save a part of the essential compounds naturally found in the used fruit-based raw material, the control samples of fruit fillings (without heat-stable complex) were additionally prepared.
The frequency in Neurospora tetrads of multiple exchanges within short intervals

This paper concerns the problem, whether meiotic exchanges that the geneticist has conventionally called single are really simple, or whether they may actually consist of clusters of exchanges within short regions of effective pairing. Evidence on this point is provided by tetrad data from short regions of the genetic map. Methods suitable for analysing such data have been developed (Papazian, 1952) and have been applied effectively in several cases (e.g. Strickland, 19586, with Aspergillus; Ebersold & Levine, 1959, with Chlamydomonas). This problem has been discussed from various points of view by Pritchard (1955, 1960), Weinstein (1957, 1958) Papazian (1960) and Shult & Lindegren (1959). Numerous data are now available from Neurospora which contribute information on the question of multiple exchanges within intervals. The present study brings these together and analyses them.
Are Corporate Spin-os Prone to Insider Trading? Preliminary Draft

Recent research has documented empirical evidence of informed trading ahead of major corporate events such as earnings announcements, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and corporate bankruptcies. Surprisingly, however, no such evidence exists ahead of corporate divestiture or spino (SP) announcements. This is noteworthy because the parent company’s stock usually experiences a signicant price jump at the time of the deal announcement, similar to the M&A target. We rst present evidence of average abnormal stock announcement returns of approximately 2%, with greater abnormal returns for cross-industry spinos, deals that reect a greater fraction of a parent’s market capitalization, and if the subsidiary is incorporated in the same state. We then investigate informed trading activity in stocks and equity options prior to the announcement of corporate SPs for a sample of 547 US parents over the time period January 1996 to December 2013. For the parent companies, we document pervasive directional activity in options, but not in stocks, consistent with strategies that could yield very high abnormal returns to investors with private information. This is evidenced by positive abnormal trading volumes and excess implied volatility for options prior to SP announcements. However, strikingly, there is no evidence of abnormal volumes or returns for stocks. The eects are stronger for call options than for put options, in particular for out-of-the-money (OTM) and at-the-money (ATM) options. All our results are robust to a propensity-matched control sample based on the probability of being spun o.
Fungal fauna of Ixodes scapularis say and Rhipicephalus Sanguineus (Latreille) (Acari: Ixodida) with special reference to species-associated internal mycoflora

Abstract Body contents of the black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis, and brown dog (or kennel) tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, were screened by fungal culturing for more virulent strains to use in biological control and to investigate the propensity of ticks as endosymbiotic hosts. A low incidence of internal fungi was observed in both ticks, averaging < 20% recovery. Noteworthy in R. sanguineus was identification of Scopulariopsis carbonaria Morton and Smith (previously unknown within ticks) among the few internal isolates as well as the common internal associate S. brevicaulis (Sacc.) Bainier. Ixodes scapularis ticks were similarly devoid of fungi except for recovery of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) that is likely present as a parasite. Compositions of external mycoflora were alike (13 Deuteromycetes and three Zygomycetes) and reflect fungi prevalent in soil, leaf litter and organic debris. Despite this rich external mycoflora, internal fungi appear to be restricted to Scopulariopsis spp. and harboring this fungus is linked to the large wax glands (‘sagittiform sensilla’) that are characteristic of metastriate, but not prostriate (Ixodes), ticks. However, low levels of fungi within R. sanguineus indicate that the prevalence of tick-borne fungi is not as widespread as previously thought. The fact that not all classified entomopathogenic fungi recovered from tick surfaces were found inside the tick suggests that successful parasitism may be limited to a few select fungi (e.g., Metarhizium spp.) in nature, thus affecting potential biological control applications.
Systemic inflammatory markers in individuals with cerebral palsy

Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) develop skeletal muscle contractures that impair muscle function. In turn, contractures affect the ability to ambulate and often promote a sedentary lifestyle. The aim of the present study was to investigate the systemic inflammatory markers transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ1), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in children and adults with CP. Blood samples of n = 34 participants (24 individuals with CP (n = 14 children with CP age 10.36 ± 1.1 and n = 10 adults with CP age 38.80 ± 3.6) and 10 healthy adults age 36.63 ± 3.8) were analyzed for circulating levels of TGFβ1, CRP, and IL-6 using Sandwich Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses (R&D systems). TGFβ1 and CRP levels were significantly higher in children with CP compared to both adults with CP (TGFβ1: P < 0.0005 and P < 0.0002, respectively) and healthy adults (CRP: P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively), while no differences were observed between the adults with CP and healthy adults in TGFβ1 (P = 0.29) and CRP (P = 0.59), respectively. Furthermore, IL-6 levels showed no significant differences between the groups. The present findings indicate that the level of systemic inflammation is increased in children with CP. We speculate that persisting inflammation in children with CP might influence the development of muscle contractures, resulting in reduced muscle mass and marked muscle weakness in adults with CP.
Effets à long terme de la pollution atmosphérique sur les maladies cardiovasculaires : revue de littérature

Alors que les maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) sont la premiere cause de morbidite chronique dans le monde, aucune revue de la litterature n’a a notre connaissance evalue les associations entre l’exposition a long terme de la pollution atmospherique (PA) et l’ensemble des indicateurs de MCV. L’objectif de cette revue de la litterature etait de synthetiser les connaissances actuelles des effets a long terme de la PA sur les MCV chez l’adulte. L’ensemble des etudes publiees en francais ou en anglais dans les revues a comite de lecture ont ete recherche sur Pubmed. Parmi elles, 75 etudes dont 6 meta-analyses ont ete selectionnees. La plupart des etudes montraient une relation positive et statistiquement significative entre l’exposition a long terme de la PA et les indicateurs suivants : l’incidence ou la recurrence des MCV (combinaison de multiples MCV), la progression de l'atherosclerose, et les incidences des cardiopathies ischemiques, des accidents vasculaires cerebraux et de l’hypertension arterielle. Ces associations etaient plus marquees chez les femmes et les personnes vulnerables (personnes âgees, diabetiques). Les indicateurs d’expositions les plus incrimines etaient les particules fines et les indicateurs du trafic routier. Les etudes evaluant les effets a long terme de la PA sur certaines MCV, telles que les anomalies du rythme cardiaque, l’insuffisance cardiaque ou les maladies veineuses thromboemboliques n’ont pas permis de tirer de conclusions, du fait du faible nombre d’etudes. L’exposition a long terme de la PA a des effets nefastes bien etablis sur certaines MCV. Cependant, des etudes complementaires sont necessaires pour preciser d'autres associations.
A Study of Reality Effects on 360 Degree Virtual Reality : Focusing on Talk Show VR’s Presence & Impressive Effect

본 연구는 4차 산업혁명시대에서 중추적 역할을 할 것으로 기대되는 VR 산업의 핵심 분야인 VR 콘텐츠의 프레즌스에 대한 연구이다. 360도 VR 이용자가 느끼는 인지적 효과, 프레즌스, 즐거움 등을 측정하여 실재감과 감동 효과를 줄 수 있는 VR 영상을 제작하고 VR 산업이 성장하는데 도움을 주고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 일반 TV 영상과 VR 영상의 프레즌스를 정확하게 비교분석하기 위해, 동일한 내용, 동일한 길이의 토크쇼를 일반 TV 영상과 360도 VR 영상의 두 가지 형태로 직접 제작한 후, 피험자가 영상을 본 후 설문을 작성하는 과정으로 연구를 진행하였다. 연구결과의 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 일반 TV 영상보다 360도 VR 영상에서 인지적 특성 중 근접감을 더 크게 느끼는데, 이것은 360도 VR로 제작한 토크쇼에서 이용자는 출연자와 더 가까이 있다는 느낌을 받게 된다는 것이다. 둘째로 360도 VR 영상에서 프레즌스의 공간 관여와 몰입 실재감을 더 크게 느끼는데, 이용자는 VR 영상을 보면서 토크쇼 스튜디오에 출연자와 같이 있으면서 토크쇼에 함께 참여하고 있다는 느낌을 받는다는 것이다. 셋째로, 360도 VR 영상의 이용자는 프레즌스를 느낄수록 즐거움이 높아지는 감동효과를 받았다. 추가적으로 일반 TV 영상과 VR 영상의 선명감에서 차이가 없다는 결과로 VR 영상의 고질적 화질의 문제를 확인하였으며, 일반 TV 영상과 VR 영상 사이의 즐거움이 차이를 보이지 않은 것은 영상의 즐거움은 매체가 아닌 콘텐츠 내용이 더 중요하다는 원칙을 검증하였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 방송용 VR 영상뿐만 아니라 다양한 장르에서 후속적인 프레즌스 연구를 통해서, 이용자가 좀 더 실감할 수 있는 VR 콘텐츠를 제작할 수 있는 방향을 제시하고, 나아가서 VR 산업의 발전에 도움이 되길 기대한다.
Agricultural productivity and soil carbon dynamics: a bio-economic model

The strong link between poverty, natural resources and the environment is apparent in smallholder agriculture: farmers are making repeated land use and management decisions while facing diverse resource endowments and significant environmental constraints on production. To investigate the likely effects of changes in agricultural practices on the natural resource base and on farmer welfare, we develop a bio-economic dynamic model of agricultural households in the western Kenya highlands. Our modeling framework extends economic farm household models to incorporate the dynamic nature of natural resource management and its implications for household welfare, and to permit a meaningful interface with biophysical processes through soil carbon management. Using an eight-year panel data set, the model combines econometrically estimated production and soil carbon flow equations in a dynamic programming framework. We use the model to determine the optimal management of the farming system over time in terms of the quantity of mineral fertilizer and crop residues to apply, taking into consideration initial resource endowments and prices. Understanding how soil resources respond to the combined applications of mineral and organic resources is important for improved resource allocation at the farm level and for national agricultural policy decisions.
Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke

Rapid, safe and effective arterial recanalisation to restore blood flow and improve functional outcome is the primary goal of hyperacute management of acute ischaemic stroke. This is possible either through thrombolysis or direct mechanical removal of clot from the blocked artery. Current evidence from randomised controlled trials shows that, for correctly selected patients, functional independence can be achieved in 32 - 71% of those who undergo clot removal. It is estimated that 10 - 15% of all ischaemic stroke patients have large-vessel occlusion and qualify for mechanical thrombectomy. It is important to have systems in place to identify and treat these patients.
Fire and Aquatic Ecosystems in Forested Biomes of North America

Abstract Synthesis of the literature suggests that physical, chemical, and biological elements of a watershed interact with long-term climate to influence fire regime, and that these factors, in concordance with the postfire vegetation mosaic, combine with local-scale weather to govern the trajectory and magnitude of change following a fire event. Perturbation associated with hydrological processes is probably the primary factor influencing postfire persistence of fishes, benthic macroinvertebrates, and diatoms in fluvial systems. It is apparent that salmonids have evolved strategies to survive perturbations occurring at the frequency of wildland fires (10°–102 years), but local populations of a species may be more ephemeral. Habitat alteration probably has the greatest impact on individual organisms and local populations that are the least mobile, and reinvasion will be most rapid by aquatic organisms with high mobility. It is becoming increasingly apparent that during the past century fire suppression h.
Financial Regulation and the Grabbing Hand

In economic theory there are two perspectives on the role of the government in the market place: the public interest world based on the premise that markets can fail so that intervention by a benevolent government is justified (“helping hand” view); and the private interest theory, portrayed by the “grabbing hand” by Shleifer and Vishny (1998), recognizing that both despotic and democratic governments are likely to pursue goals that are different from “social welfare”. Instead, economic policy is designed in such a way that it benefits those who currently have political power.
Response of Systemic Fungicides of Rhizoctonia spp. Causing Rhizoctonia Blight on Turfgrass

The Rhizoctonia blight causing by Rhizoctonia spp. is an important disease of turfgrass, requiring fungicide application to maintain acceptable conditions for turfgrass good qualities in the golf course. The experiment was conducted to determine the mean 50% effective concentration inhibiting mycelial growth (EC50) value of to flutolanil, pyraclostrobine and hexaconazole to Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IB, Rhizoctonia cerealis and Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2IV isolated from Gyeongbuk province of Korea in vitro. Five discriminatory concentrations of each fungicide were used to detect in vitro sensitivity. The mean of EC50 values to three systemic fungicides was the lowest isolate of R. solani AG-1 IB. However, the sensitivity of fungicides to Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2IV were higher mean EC50 value of 0.026 µg a.i. ml -1 of pyraclostrobine and 0.044 µg a.i. ml -1 of flutolanil. R. cerealis was the lowest sensitivity to hexaconazole which was an average EC50 value of 0.022 µg a.i. ml -1 . Inhibition of mycelial growth rate (%) by three combine fungicides using the EC50 value of each fungicide was the highest R. solani AG2-2IV. Results of this study were may confirmed in vitro response fungicide of three Rhizoctonia species for control of Rhizoctonia blight in the field.
Combining heuristics with counterfactual play in reinforcement learning.

Deep reinforcement learning can sometimes match and exceed human performance, but if even minor changes are introduced artiﬁcial networks can’t adapt what they’ve learned to new situations. Two reasons why people are so eminently adaptable is their use of heuristics, and their ability to imagine new environments and learn from them, a kind of counterfactual reasoning. We’ve developed a model of hierarchical reinforcement learning which includes both these elements. Using a board game with a known optimal strategy–Wythoffs game–we show that this “stumbler-strategist” network promotes generalizability and robustness to new environments and rule changes, while also improving post-training interpretability of learning outcomes.
Survival characteristics of the free-living cercarial population of the ectoparasitic digenean Transversotrema patialensis (Soparker, 1924)

The survival characteristics of free-living cercarial populations of Transversotrema patialensis were described and shown to be age-dependent. The maximum life-span was found to be 44 h with a 50% survival at 26 h. Activity and infectivity of the larvae were also characterized by age-dependence, and were demonstrated to be closely correlated with one another. For individual cercariae, both activity and infectivity had dropped to extremely low levels many hours before death occurred. An attempt was made to interrelate activity and infectivity, in a theoretical manner, with the availability of energy reserves. Conceptual understanding of the biological processes involved was aided by the formulation of simple mathematical models.
Mathematics curriculum: The philosophy behind content alteration

In education system regardless of the level, mathematics is central and is taught in virtually every level. Its curriculum as such, has to be given attention by the concerned authorities. It should be reviewed regularly as suggested by the paper and its contents should equally be altered. This, the paper argues is born out of the fact that human society is dynamic and as such its educational policies that has direct bearing to its inhabitants has to be dynamic as well. The paper as such goes further to opine how alteration could be made in the contents of mathematics curriculum and also offers recommendation on how such alteration could be beneficial to the society.
Brain volume and cortical thickness characterization of the FTD-ALS

continuum” Beatrice Pizzarotti, Fulvia Palesi, Paolo Vitali, Giancarlo Germani , Elena Sinforiani , Matteo Cotta Ramusino, Giulia Perini, Luca Diamanti, Mauro Ceroni, Egidio D’Angelo, Claudia Wheeler-Kingshott Gandini , Alfredo Costa. 1 University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 2 Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 3 Brain Connectivity Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Pavia, Italy; 4 Brain MRI 3T Mondino Research Center, Pavia, Italy; 5 Laboratory of Neuropsychology and UVA Center, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Pavia, Department of Clinical Neurology, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Pavia, Italy. Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Queen Square MS Center, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.