Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serum Magnesium Levels In On-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Background: The purpose of the study was to analyze serum magnesium concentration inpatients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting on cardio pulmonary bypass. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in 50 patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting on cardiopulmonary bypass. Blood samples from radial artery were collected just before induction of anesthesia and three days post-operatively for estimation of serum magnesium. Results: Magnesium level was 2.08mg/dl at baseline, 2.20 mg/dl, 2.04 mg/dl and 1.85 mg/dl respectively on three consecutive days post-operatively. Conclusion: The lowering of serum magnesium in Coronary artery bypass grafting patients postoperatively recommends the use of routine serum magnesium determination and administration to prevent post operative arrhythmias.
Egypt: inequality of opportunity in education

The paper examines the levels and trends in access to education and educational outcomes across generations of Egyptian youth. Examination of four cohorts of individuals aged 25–29 shows that, although basic education has democratized, some inequities in access to general secondary and college education have persisted over the past 25 years. The analysis of test scores from TIMSS and national examinations in the late 2000s shows that more than a quarter of learning outcome inequality is attributable to circumstances beyond the control of a student, such as parental education, socioeconomic background, and birthplace. The high level of overall achievement inequality observed makes inequities in learning opportunities between Egyptian youth high compared to other countries in absolute levels. Moreover, learning gaps among pupils from different backgrounds appear at early grades. High and unequal levels of household expenditures in private tutoring and tracking into vocational and general secondary schools that depend on high stakes examination substantially contribute to unequal learning outcomes.
A Unified Text Annotation Workflow for Diverse Goals

In computational linguistics (CL), annotation is used with the goal of compiling data as the basis for machine learning approaches and automation. At the same time, in the Humanities scholars use annotation in the form of note-taking while reading texts. We claim that with the development of Digital Humanities (DH), annotation has become a method that can be utilized as a means to support interpretation and develop theories. In this paper, we show how these different annotation goals can be modeled in a unified workflow. We reflect on the components of this workflow and give examples for how annotation can contribute additional value in the context of
Impacts of climate change on crop production in Nigeria: a review

The paper expounds the impact of climate change on crop production in Nigeria. Secondary information gathered mainly from literature was used for the discussion. It was observed that the two most important parameters impacting heavily on crop production in Nigeria were the rainfall and green house emissions (CH4 and CO2) and the effect of the latter was more severe. Based on this study there is need to have knowledge of future climate change in order to averts its effects. The economic impact on crop may be in form of reduced yield, reduced revenue or both. The paper contends that, although farmers adopt different mitigation strategies to reduce the effect of climate change on crop production, they need to be very careful because some of the strategies have adverse environmental consequences.
EXTRACTION OF BOLDO ( Peumus boldus M . ) LEAVES WITH HOT PRESSURIZED WATER AND SUPERCRITICAL CO 2

Boldo is a native plant from Chile that has been used in traditional medicine to treat digestive and/or hepatobiliary disorders. An attempt was made in this work to extract bioactive compounds from crushed boldo leaves using hot pressurized water (HPW) and supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2). Total yield after 3 h batch HPW extraction increased from 36.9% at 100 °C to 53.2% at 125 °C and then decreased as temperature was further increased to 175 °C. Boldine (polar alkaloid) yield decreased from 26.8 ppm at 100 °C to 0.7 ppm at 125 °C and was negligible at =150 °C, and nonpolar essential oil yield increased to a maximum at 110 °C and was negligible at =150 °C. Essential oils were also obtained with low-pressure SC-CO2. Total yield after 3 h extraction (0.6-3.5%) increased with process pressure (60-150 bar) and decreased with treatment temperature (30-60 °C). Extraction of boldine, on the other hand, was performed with CO2-ethanol mixtures at 50 °C and high pressures. Yield increased with treatment pressure (300-450 bar) and cosolvent concentration (2-10% w/w) and ranged 0.14-1.95 ppm for boldine and 1.8-4.8% for total solids following 1.5 h extraction. Boldine recovery was solubility-controlled, reaching 7.4 ppm after 7 h when using ethanol-doped (5% w/w) SC-CO2 at 450 bar and 50 °C. Boldine solubility and yield decreased when using neat CO2 at 600 bar and 50 °C.
Mathematical model of dynamic lamp characteristics

This paper proposes a curve-fitting approach for modeling fluorescent lamp voltage-current characteristics based on measured lamp voltage and current. The fluorescent lamp conductance is considered as a series of piecewise cubic polynomials that describes the nonlinear voltage-current characteristic of the lamp. The proposed model has been tested with a 32W conventional fluorescent lamp and a 70W high pressure sodium lamp. By comparing the measured and simulated results, it shows that the proposed model can accurately model the lamps for harmonic studies.
Statistical mechanics of the one-layer shallow water model

In this report, we present a study of the one-layer shallow water equations. We rst recall the associated hydrodynamics, then we show how the statistical theory of these equations is constructed, and the few analytical results associated. We subsequently present the main work of this internship, a brand-new numerical Monte-Carlo code developed to sample numerically the microcanonical measure of these equations according to the theory with a Creutz algorithm. The internship was a little short to get subsequent results from this algorithm, but we present the few rst results obtained at the end of the report.
Mechanical Design and Simulation of a Saddle-Assistive Device for Sit-to-Stand Transfer in Healthy Subjects

Assistive device equipment can improve the performance of sit-to-stand (STS), standing, and walking of people with lower limb disability. The motorized assistive device is usually expensive and the use of another assistive device also makes an excessive force in the upper and lower extremity during (STS) transfer, which is not desirable for patients. In addition, only a few number of the non-motorized assistive devices that support all three phases; namely, sit-to-stand, standing, and walking are available. Consequently, improving and creating the new technology seems essential in this case. In this paper, the design procedure of saddle-assistive device is described in order to make use of the linear actuator in (STS) transfer and walk. Experimental results orientation of the shoulder during (STS) was recorded in the lab. Then, based on this analysis and simulation, saddle-assistive devices(S-AD) were designed and prototyped. Function prototype of the (S-AD) was done in the lab on a healthy person in (STS) and walking and then was compared with (STS) in normal mode. It is proposed due to the integration of the three phases in one device. Other advantages are force reduction on lower limbs, creating conditions of stability, and independence for patients with lower limb disability.
Osteoarthritis: From complications to cure

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disorder that affects the cartilage of bones and characterized by severe pain in joint, joint lock and instability. Factors associated with its risks are obesity, past trauma, advancing age, female sex and genetics. Women and older people are more susceptible to the risk of OA. There are different types of OA on basis of joint affects as hip, knee, hand etc. Innate immunity plays an important role in pathogenesis of OA. Activation of innate immunity as a result of small fragments e.g., of protein results in secretion of cytokines (IL1-β and TNF-α, IL-8, IL-17 etc.) and enzymes (MMP and ADAMTS) which cause degradation of bone and imparts inflammatory effect. Aging also plays an important role in OA as chondrocytes show reduced autophagy with aging, so risks of OA increases. Different drugs have been in use for the treatment of OA which provide anti-inflammatory, analgesic effects and help in improving bone integrity. Acetaminophen is usually prescribed as first line drug. Oral NASIDs and opioids provide an alternative when it does not prove effective. But these are associated with the high risks of gastrointestinal (GI) tract, cardiovascular (CV) and renal system, and liver toxicity. Topical NASIDs can also be used as alternative to oral NASIDs for their safety. Another option is topical capsaicin which can be used as an adjunctive treatment with only local adverse effects such burning, itching etc. Intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid and corticosteroids are also used. Both are considered almost safe with local adverse effects. Non-pharmacological treatments for OA includes education, exercise, therapies, surgery and regenerative therapies. In this study, we have briefly enlightened the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Moreover, pharmacological as well as nonpharmacological treatment for OA is also explained.
A study on the effect of composition, and the mechanisms of recrystallisation in single crystal Ni-based superalloys

The effect of composition on recrystallisation of single crystal Ni-based superalloys was studied in a series of alloys that vary systematically in composition. Following room temperature macro-indentation and subsequent annealing, alloys containing higher Co concentration showed greater susceptibility to recrystallisation, and this has been attributed to the effect on the γ′ solvus temperature and the stacking fault energy of the γ phase. Mo, W and Ru did not appear to influence the recrystallisation behaviour systematically, although high concentration of all these elements led to the highest recrystallisation. Moreover, with grain orientation mapping, it was found that the nucleating recrystallisation grains form in orientations similar to the deformed regions, and subsequently twin to form higher angle boundaries and proliferate further within the deformed microstructure. The effects of the interaction between grain boundaries and secondary phases, such as the γ′ and topologically close packed phases, were also studied.
How are product demand changes transmitted to the labour market

In the traditional Keynesian and classical models, the transmission of product demand changes to the labor market generally involves wage-price sluggishness or countercyclical real wage movements. In practice, however, real wages are often acyclical or procyclical, and wages and prices are flexible over periods of several years. This paper examines the main channels whereby product demand can affect employment under these conditions. The analysis suggests that the effectiveness of demand management policies under wage-price flexibility depends significantly on the availability of a limited number of supply-side transmission channels. Copyright 1994 by Royal Economic Society.
Combining Bayesian experimental designs and frequentist data analyses: motivations and examples

Recent developments in experimental designs for clinical trials are stimulated by advances in personalized medicine. Clinical trials today seek to answer several research questions for multiple patient subgroups. Bayesian designs, which enable the use of sound utilities and prior information, can be tailored to these settings. On the other hand, frequentist concepts of data analysis remain pivotal. For example, type I/II error rates are the accepted standards for reporting trial results and are required by regulatory agencies. Bayesian designs are often perceived as incompatible with these established concepts, which hinder widespread clinical applications. We discuss a pragmatic framework for combining Bayesian experimental designs with frequentists analyses. The approach seeks to facilitate a more widespread application of Bayesian experimental designs in clinical trials. We discuss several applications of this framework in different clinical settings, including bridging trials and multi-arm trials in infectious diseases and glioblastoma. We also outline computational algorithms for implementing the proposed approach. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Tragedy Exposed? Clear Growth Medium Reveals Competing Roots

Deric Miller’s mentorship has been absolutely essential to the study’s success and completion. The studyreceived technical advice from Chris Stieha, Jonathan Moore, and Rachel Holsinger. Funding was provided bythe University of Kentucky Honor’s Program with an independent research project grant. Additionally theOffice of Undergraduate Research generously funded the presentation of this research at the NationalConference of Undergraduate Research. Much acknowledgement is given to the McLetchie and Crowleylaboratories which graciously shared their laboratory space and equipment in order to make this projectpossible.
Why Do Smallholder Cotton Growers In Zimbabwe Adopt Ippm? The Role Of Pesticide-Related Health Risks And Technology Awareness

In order to test whether farmer training and farmer health risks determine adoption of Integrated Pest and Production Management (IPPM) in Zimbabwe, a Poisson regression model was developed. The empirical analysis uses measures of farmer awareness of IPPM practices, pesticide health risks, labor and capital availability, expected pest damage and other conditioning variables. The results of the analysis show that farmer awareness of IPPM practices is significantly associated with their adoption. Pesticide-related health risks however had no significant influence on the adoption of IPPM technologies. This evidence suggests that the government of Zimbabwe should expand its use of farmer field schools and other farmer-to-farmer approaches that diffuse IPPM awareness.
ICININFO Combining Probabilistic Classifiers for Text Classification

Probabilistic classifiers are considered to be among the most popular classifiers for the machine learning community and are used in many applications. Although popular probabilistic classifiers exhibit very good performance when used individually in a specific classification task, very little work has been done on assessing the performance of two or more classifiers used in combination in the same classification task. In this work, we classify documents using two probabilistic approaches: The naive Bayes classifier and the Maximum Entropy classification model. Then, we combine the results of the two classifiers to improve the classification performance, using two merging operators, Max and Harmonic Mean. The proposed method was evaluated using the “ModApte” split of the Reuters-21578 dataset and the evaluation results show a measurable improvement in the final evaluation accuracy. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the 3 International Conference on Integrated Information.
Using Bilevel Optimization to find Severe Transport Situations in Gas Transmission Networks

In the context of gas transmission in decoupled entry-exit systems, many approaches to determine the network capacity are based on the evaluation of realistic and severe transport situations. In this paper, we review the Reference Point Method, which is an algorithm used in practice to generate a set of scenarios using the so-called transport moment as a measure for severity. We introduce a new algorithm for finding severe transport situations that considers an actual routing of the flow through the network and is designed to handle issues arising from cyclic structures in a more dynamical manner. Further, in order to better approximate the physics of gas, an alternative, potential based flow formulation is proposed. The report concludes with a case study based on data from the benchmark library GasLib.
Investigation of hydrodynamics and transition regime in an internal loop airlift reactor using CFD

CFD modeling for an internal loop airlift reactor is developed for different superficial gas velocities, ranging from 0.015 to 0.073 m/s. Based on the presence of gas bubbles in the downcomer, three regimes can be generally classified as: no gas bubbles (I), stagnation of gas bubbles (II), and recirculation of gas bubbles into the riser (III). The aim of the study is to carefully investigate the regime transition from II to III by considering the gas distribution. In regime II, the CFD simulation results show that the gas holdup difference between the riser and the downcomer remains constant. Due to the transition from regime II to III, the gas holdup difference sharply increases and the ratio of gas holdup in the downcomer and riser changes between the two regimes. At a superficial gas velocity slightly lower than that of the transitional regime, a small amount of gas is dragged to the riser, while the behavior of the regime is similar to regime II. The computational results show that CFD can be used as an effective tool to provide information on the details of the transition regime in internal loop airlift reactors.
Testing Separability in Multi-dimensional Point Processes

We consider conditions under which parametric estimates of the intensity of a spatial-temporal point process are consistent. Although the actual point process being estimated may not be Poisson, an estimate involving maximizing a function that corresponds exactly to the log-likelihood if the process is Poisson is consistent under certain simple conditions. A second estimate based on weighted least squares is also shown to be consistent under quite similar assumptions. The conditions for consistency are simple and easily verified, and examples are provided to illustrate the extent to which consistent estimation may be achieved. An important special case is when the point processes being etimated are in fact Poisson, though other important examples are explored as well.
Parents and Speech Therapist Perception of Parental Involvement in Kailila Therapy Center, Jakarta, Indonesia

Parental involvement in a speech therapy has not been prioritized in most therapy centers in Indonesia. One of the therapy centers that has recognized the importance of parental involvement is Kailila Speech Therapy Center. In Kailila speech therapy center, parental involvement in children’s speech therapy is an obligation that has been communicated with parents in the form of contractual agreements. According to speech therapists in Kailila therapy center, there are parents who still have not done their responsibility. Furthermore it showed that some parents still have obstacles in implementing the learning at home. This study explored the perception of parental involvement that are formed by parents and speech therapist. In order to see the type of parental involvement, the researchers refered to the theory of parental involvement by Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler. The theory explain about parents’ beliefs and perception on why they become involved in their child’s education. Throughout this literature the theory used to explain parental involvement in a speech therapy settings. In-depth interviews were used for parents whose child is in speech therapy. Therapists were also interviewed as supporting subjects. Parents have a postive perception about their involvement while one of of the therapist have a different perception with the parent. The repetition hours at home, number of children, family involvement, and invitation
Area and Energy Optimization for Bit-Serial Log-Quantized DNN Accelerator with Shared Accumulators

In the remarkable evolution of deep neural network (DNN), development of a highly optimized DNN accelerator for edge computing with both less hardware resource and high computing performance is strongly required. As a well-known characteristic, DNN processing involves a large number multiplication and accumulation operations. Thus, low-precision quantization, such as binary and logarithm, is an essential technique in edge computing devices with strict restriction of circuit resource and energy. Bit-width requirement in quantization depends on application characteristics. Variable bit-width architecture based on the bit-serial processing has been proposed as a scalable alternative that allows different requirements of performance and accuracy balance by a unified hardware structure. In this paper, we propose a well-optimized DNN hardware architecture with supports of binary and variable bit-width logarithmic quantization. The key idea is the distributed-and-shared accumulator that processes multiple bit-serial inputs by a single accumulator with an additional low-overhead circuit for the binary mode. The evaluation results show that the idea reduces hardware resources by 29.8% compared to the prior architecture without losing any functionality, computing speed, and recognition accuracy. Moreover, it achieves 19.6% energy reduction using a practical DNN model of VGG 16.
The effect of Ru on precipitation of topologically close packed phases in Re - containing Ni base superalloys: Quantitative FIB-SEM investigation and 3D image modeling

A new approach to clarify the ruthenium effect on the precipitation of topologically close packed (TCP) phases is described in the paper. It is based on focused ion beam – scanning electron microscopy (FIB – SEM) dual beam methodology as well as three-dimensional imaging. The high-temperature capabilities of nickel base superalloys can be improved by alloying with refractory elements. With excessive refractory element content or excessive exposure to high temperature, brittle TCP phases precipitate resulting in a drop of strength. The undesirable phase transformation can be suppressed by addition of ruthenium. Although the effect is well known, its real mechanism remains open. In the present paper, the volume fraction and particle density, as well as the exact three-dimensional morphology of TCP phases as measured by FIB-SEM will be presented. The effect of ruthenium content and time of exposure is studied quantitatively. The results show that increased Ru additions slow down all stages of phase transformation and also reduce the equilibrium TCP volume fraction. The Ru effect might be due to either reduced driving force for precipitation or reduced interfacial energy.