Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Etude des protéines phosphorylables du tissu nerveux d'Acheta domesticus et d'Apos mellifera

L'etude des proteines phosphorylables du tissu nerveux a ete entreprise chez deux insectes adultes: le grillon domestique et l'abeille mellifere. Nous avons pu mettre en evidence differentes proteines phosphorylables dans le tissu nerveux de ces insectes et nous avons caracterise les proteines-kinases qui en regulent la phosphorylation. Certaines proteines ont pu etre identifiees. C'est ainsi que la presence inattendue de vitellogenine a pu etre mise en evidence dans le perineurium de la femelle du grillon domestique. Chez les deux insectes, un phosphopeptides de 53,5 kda, bien represente dans le tissu nerveux et dont la phosphorylation est controlee par la caseine-kinase 2, a pu etre assimilees a la sous unite b de la tubuline. Par separation electrophoretique bidimensionnelle et l'utilisation d'anticorps appropries, nous avons montre que la phosphorylation s'effectuait essentiellement sur l'isoforme bl. Des travaux du laboratoire ont montre que la neurogenese persistante chez le grillon adulte etait influencee par les taux de polyamines endogenes ainsi que par les teneurs en hormone juvenile et en ecdysone. Chez le grillon adulte, ainsi que chez l'abeille, les taux de polyamines du tissu nerveux varient en fonction de l'etat hormonal de l'animal. Puisque les polyamines sont des effecteurs de la caseine-kinase 2, l'influence des hormones sur les elements du cytosquelette pourrait se faire via la caseine- kinase de type 2. L'ensemble de ces donnees constitue une base de travail pour le developpement d'investigations futures
Epstein‐Barr virus and human papillomavirus serum antibodies define the viral status of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a low endemic country

Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) causes nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in endemic regions, where almost every tumor is EBV‐positive. In Western populations, NPC is rare, and human papillomavirus infection (HPV) has been suggested as another viral cause. We validated multiplex serology with molecular tumor markers, to define EBV‐positive, HPV‐positive and EBV‐/HPV‐negative NPCs in the United Kingdom, and analyzed survival differences between those groups. Sera from NPC cases (n = 98) and age‐ and sex‐matched controls (n = 142) from the Head and Neck 5000 clinical cohort study were analyzed. IgA and IgG serum antibodies against 13 EBV antigens were measured and compared with EBER in situ hybridization (EBER‐ISH) data of 41 NPC tumors (29 EBER‐ISH positive, 12 negative). IgG antibodies to EBV LF2 correctly diagnosed EBV‐positive NPCs in 28 of 29 cases, while all EBER‐ISH negative NPCs were seronegative to LF2 IgG (specificity = 100%, sensitivity = 97%). HPV early antigen serology was compared to HPV molecular markers (p16 expression, HPV DNA and RNA) available for 41 NPCs (13 positive, 28 negative). Serology matched molecular HPV markers in all but one case (specificity = 100%, sensitivity = 92%). EBV and HPV infections were mutually exclusive. Overall, 67% of the analyzed NPCs were defined as EBV‐positive, 18% as HPV‐positive and 14% as EBV/HPV‐negative. There was no statistical evidence of a difference in survival between the three groups. These data provide evidence that both, EBV‐positive and HPV‐positive NPCs are present in a low incidence country, and that EBV and HPV serum antibodies correlate with the viral status of the tumor.
Concentration-Dependent Activity of Hydromethylthionine on Clinical Decline and Brain Atrophy in a Randomized Controlled Trial in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

Background: Hydromethylthionine is a potent inhibitor of pathological aggregation of tau and TDP-43 proteins. Objective: To compare hydromethylthionine treatment effects at two doses and to determine how drug exposure is related to treatment response in bvFTD. Methods: We undertook a 52-week Phase III study in 220 bvFTD patients randomized to compare hydromethylthionine at 200 mg/day and 8 mg/day (intended as a control). The principal outcomes were change on the Addenbrookes Cognitive Examination – Revised (ACE-R), the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), and whole brain volume. Secondary outcomes included Modified Clinical Global Impression of Change (Modified-CGIC). A population pharmacokinetic exposure-response analysis was undertaken in 175 of the patients with available blood samples and outcome data using a discriminatory plasma assay for the parent drug. Results: There were no significant differences between the two doses as randomized. There were steep concentration-response relationships for plasma levels in the range 0.3–0.6 ng/ml at the 8 mg/day dose on clinical and MRI outcomes. There were significant exposure-dependent differences at 8 mg/day for FAQ, Modified-CGIC, and whole brain atrophy comparing patients with plasma levels greater than 0.346 ng/ml with having minimal drug exposure. The exposure-response is biphasic with worse outcomes at the high concentrations produced by 200 mg/day. Conclusions: Hydromethylthionine has a similar concentration-response profile for effects on clinical decline and brain atrophy at the 8 mg/day dose in bvFTD as recently reported in AD. Treatment responses in bvFTD are predicted to be maximal at doses in the range 20–60 mg/day. A confirmatory placebo-controlled trial is now planned.
Classifications Used in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Total hip arthroplasty is one of the most successful operation to be done and is definitely a rewarding procedure for both the surgeon and the patient. Ever since 3 days of low friction arthroplasty by Sir John Charnley, there has been considerable interest in improve- ment in the knowledge of surgical techniques and hip biomechanics. Over the past two decades there has been an exponential increase in total hip replacements. Therefore strat- egies to simplify the procedure and classifications to encounter difficulties in treatment plans were devised. It is imperative for consultants and trainees to be aware of these classifications systems which are helpful in pre op, intra op and postop planning. 4: Impaction bone grafting with tapered cemented stem if intact cortex. Composite prosthesis allograft if no proximal cortex.
Schwann cell interactions during the development of the peripheral nervous system

Schwann cells play a critical role in the development of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), establishing important relationships both with the extracellular milieu and other cell types, particularly neurons. In this review, we discuss various Schwann cell interactions integral to the proper establishment, spatial arrangement, and function of the PNS. We include signals that cascade onto Schwann cells from axons and from the extracellular matrix, bidirectional signals that help to establish the axo‐glial relationship and how Schwann cells in turn support the axon. Further, we speculate on how Schwann cell interactions with other components of the developing PNS ultimately promote the complete construction of the peripheral nerve.
Characterization and Comparison of Aroma Profiles and Aroma-Active Compounds Between Traditional and Modern Sichuan Vinegars by Molecular Sensory Science.

Aroma profiles and aroma-active compounds of Sichuan vinegar that is one of the four-famous vinegars in China were systemically analyzed by SAFE-GC-MS and GC-O. In addition, descriptive profile analysis, aroma reconstitution, and omission test were used to evaluate and compare the Sichuan modern vinegar (SMV) and Sichuan traditional vinegar (STV). A total of 99 volatile compounds were tentatively identified from the neutral and acidic fractions of both samples. Among them, 77 compounds were positively identified after comparison with their corresponding standards. Forty-two aroma-active compounds were characterized with ﬂavor dilution (FD) factors from 1 to 6561 by AEDA-GC-O, with the highest for 2-hydroxy-3-butanone, butyrolactone, furan-2-carbaldehyde, acetic acid, and 3-oxobutan-2-yl acetate in both STV and SMV samples. Among them ten were identified for the first time in vinegar. Moreover, 40 aroma-active compounds were quantitatively determined, and 26 compounds exhibited their odor activity values (OAVs) larger than 1. The reconstituted solutions showed similar aroma profiles with the original samples in their characteristic aromas in terms of fruity, sweet, roasty, spicy, and woody notes, but in slight differences in nutty and herbal notes.
Dead Body Management in Times of Covid‐19 and its Potential Impact on the Availability of Cadavers for Medical Education in India

Technology integration in teaching is an evolving concept in modern medical education like other study disciplines in India. The domain of medical science education is presently deficient of deploying technology-based practices. Currently, majority of medical schools and colleges continue to choose traditional wet laboratory dissections over new virtual dissections which are being followed in institutions such as All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) and handful of other governmental as well as private medical schools of India like AIIMS Rishikesh, AIIMS Jodhpur, Government Medical College Vimsar, Burla, Odisha, GSL Medical College Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, Yennapoya University Mangalore, Dutta Megha Medical College, GMC Chindwara Madhya Pradesh, Symbiosis Institute Pune and Apollo Medical College Chitoor. Not to mention, as the current push for technology integration increases, it is likely that a large number of Indian academic scholars will begin seeing virtual dissections as beneficial to their classroom.
Interrater and Test-Retest Reliability of Performance-Based Clinical Tests Administered to Established Users of Lower Limb Prostheses.

OBJECTIVE A major barrier to reducing falls among users of lower limb prostheses (LLP) has been an absence of statistical indices required for clinicians to select and interpret scores from performance-based clinical tests. The study aimed to derive estimates of reliability, measurement error, and minimal detectable change values in performance-based clinical tests administered to unilateral LLP users. METHODS 60 unilateral LLP users were administered the Narrowing Beam Walking Test (NBWT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Four Square Step Test (FSST), and 10-meter Walk Test (10mWT) on 2 occasions, 3 to 9 days apart. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to assess interrater and test-retest reliability, while standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC90) were derived to establish estimates of measurement error in individual scores or changes in score for each test. RESULTS Interrater reliability ICCs (1,1) were high for all tests (ie, ≥ 0.98). Test-retest ICCs (2,1) varied by test, ranging from . 88 for the TUG, to . 97 for the FSST. SEM and MDC90 varied between . 39-. 96, and . 91 s-2.2 s for the time-based tests (FSST, TUG, 10mWT). SEM and MDC90 for the NBWT were . 07 and . 16, respectively. CONCLUSION With the exception of the TUG, studied tests had test-retest ICCs (2,1) that exceeded the minimum required threshold to be considered suitable for group- and individual-level applications (ie, ICC ≥ 0.70 and ICC ≥ 0.90, respectively). Future research on individuals with dysvascular and transfemoral amputations, or in specific age categories is required.
SLEEP-GOAL: A multicenter success criteria outcome study on 302 obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients.

OBJECTIVE To demonstrate SLEEP-GOAL as a more holistic and comprehensive success criterion for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) treatment. METHODS A prospective 7-country clinical trial of 302 OSA patients, who met the selection criteria, and underwent nose, palate and/or tongue surgery. Pre- and post-operative data were recorded and analysed based on both the Sher criteria (apnoea hypopnea index, AHI reduction 50% and <20) and the SLEEP-GOAL. RESULTS There were 229 males and 73 females, mean age of 42.4±17.3 years, mean BMI 27.9±4.2. The mean VAS score improved from 7.7±1.4 to 2.5±1.7 (p<0.05), mean Epworth score (ESS) improved from 12.2±4.6 to 4.9±2.8 (p<0.05), mean body mass index (BMI) decreased from 27.9±4.2 to 26.1±3.7 (p>0.05), gross weight decreased from 81.9±14.3kg to 76.6±13.3kg. The mean AHI decreased 33.4±18.9 to 14.6±11.0 (p<0.05), mean lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT) improved 79.4±9.2% to 86.9±5.9% (p<0.05), and mean duration of oxygen <90% decreased from 32.6±8.9 minutes to 7.3±2.1 minutes (p<0.05). The overall success rate (302 patients) based on the Sher criteria was 66.2%. Crosstabulation of respective major/minor criteria fulfilment, based on fulfilment of two major and two minor or better, the success rate (based on SLEEP-GOAL) was 69.8%. Based solely on the Sher criteria, 63 patients who had significant blood pressure reduction, 29 patients who had BMI reduction and 66 patients who had clinically significant decrease in duration of oxygen <90% would have been misclassified as "failures". CONCLUSION AHI as a single parameter is unreliable. Assessing true success outcomes of OSA treatment, requires comprehensive and holistic parameters, reflecting true end-organ injury/function; the SLEEP-GOAL meets these requirements.
Effects of benzothiazole on survival for reduced reproduction and development in Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

BACKGROUND The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is an important stored-product pest that is distributed worldwide and has developed resistance to many insecticides. Identifying novel and effective alternative insecticides is important for the control of T. castaneum. The volatile compound benzothiazole has been identified as having great acute toxic activity against T. castaneum. However, a comprehensive evaluation of a new insecticide should include both direct toxic effects and sublethal effects. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of benzothiazole on the development and reproduction of T. castaneum. RESULTS Exposure of fourth-instar larvae to lethal and sublethal concentrations of benzothiazole (LC10 , LC30 and LC50 ) significantly decreased pupation rates, food intake and growth rates in T. castaneum. Larval duration was significantly reduced by approximately one day in the LC30 and LC50 treatment groups. The LC50 benzothiazole caused a significant decrease in the weight of pupae and adults, fecundity and egg hatchability. Increased and decreased nutrient (carbohydrate and lipid) contents were observed in surviving larvae and pupae, respectively. The LC30 and LC50 treatments caused the downregulation of five growth-positive regulated genes (PI3K, AKT, CyclinE, S6K1 and S6K2) and the upregulation of two growth-negative regulated genes (4EBP and FOXO). CONCLUSION Benzothiazole presented adverse effects on the development and reproduction of T. castaneum, further supporting benzothiazole as a highly active compound in stored-product protection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Resistant starch supplementation increases crypt cell proliferative state in the rectal mucosa of older healthy participants

Abstract There is strong evidence that foods containing dietary fibre protect against colorectal cancer, resulting at least in part from its anti-proliferative properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation with two non-digestible carbohydrates, resistant starch (RS) and polydextrose (PD), on crypt cell proliferative state (CCPS) in the macroscopically normal rectal mucosa of healthy individuals. We also investigated relationships between expression of regulators of apoptosis and of the cell cycle on markers of CCPS. Seventy-five healthy participants were supplemented with RS and/or PD or placebo for 50 d in a 2 × 2 factorial design in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (the Dietary Intervention, Stem cells and Colorectal Cancer (DISC) Study). CCPS was assessed, and the expression of regulators of the cell cycle and of apoptosis was measured by quantitative PCR in rectal mucosal biopsies. SCFA concentrations were quantified in faecal samples collected pre- and post-intervention. Supplementation with RS increased the total number of mitotic cells within the crypt by 60 % (P = 0·001) compared with placebo. This effect was limited to older participants (aged ≥50 years). No other differences were observed for the treatments with PD or RS as compared with their respective controls. PD did not influence any of the measured variables. RS, however, increased cell proliferation in the crypts of the macroscopically-normal rectum of older adults. Our findings suggest that the effects of RS on CCPS are not only dose, type of RS and health status-specific but are also influenced by age.
The role of routine postoperative troponin measurement in the diagnosis and management of myocardial injury after non‐cardiac surgery

Postoperative troponin elevation strongly predicts major complications and death after cardiac and non-cardiac surgery [1, 2]. Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) is the term given to postoperative troponin elevation without a clear non-cardiac cause. Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery is predominantly silent, occurring in 5–25% of patients recovering from non-cardiac surgery, depending on baseline risk [1, 3–5]. More than 90% of MINS is asymptomatic, and 30-day mortality is only slightly less in asymptomatic than symptomatic patients [4–8]. Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery is thought to be consequent to myocardial demand–supply mismatch whichmay result frommany factors, including: haemodynamic instability, especially hypotension rapid fluid shifts; acute blood loss during surgery; and other peri-operative demands on the cardiovascular system [9–12]. Since these circumstances are more likely to occur in the setting of emergency surgery, it is unsurprising that MINS is more likely in patients having urgent or emergency operations [1, 13]. Some patients have troponin elevation due to silent acute coronary events following non-cardiac surgery without meeting the diagnostic criteria for acute myocardial infarction per the Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction [5]. Specifically, MINS is defined by troponin elevation believed to be of ischaemic origin, whereas myocardial infarction additionally requires symptoms or signs such as electrocardiographic or echocardiographic changes. The pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic states consequent to surgery predispose patients to both MINS andmyocardial infarction.
Eliminating receive livelock in an interrupt-driven kernel

Most operating systems use interface interrupts to schedule network tasks. Interrupt-driven systems can provide low overhead and good latency at low offered load, but degrade significantly at higher arrival rates unless care is taken to prevent several pathologies. These are various forms ofreceive livelock, in which the system spends all of its time processing interrupts, to the exclusion of other necessary tasks. Under extreme conditions, no packets are delivered to the user application or the output of the system. To avoid livelock and related problems, an operating system must schedule network interrupt handling as carefully as it schedules process execution. We modified an interrupt-driven networking implementation to do so; this modification eliminates receive livelock without degrading other aspects of system performance. Our modifications include the use of polling when the system is heavily loaded, while retaining the use of interrupts ur.Jer lighter load. We present measurements demonstrating the success of our approach.
Antidiabetic effect of Murraya koenigii leaves aqueous extract on blood sugar levels in alloxanized diabetic rats

Introduction: The present study was aimed to assess the antihyperglycaemic activity of Murraya koenigii leaves aqueous extract in alloxanized diabetic rats and to compare it with standard drug Metformin. Material and Methods: Experimental diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan to all groups apart from Group I treated as normal (negative) control. Group II served as diabetic (positive) control (distilled water only). Group III rats received Murraya koenigii aqueous extract (300 mg/kg, p. o) and Group IV rats received Metformin (150 mg/kg, p.o) for 28 days. Fasting blood sugar levels of rats were measured at the every week in the period of 28days. Results: Oral administration of Murraya koenigii aqueous extract reduced the blood sugar levelsignificantly compared with the diabetic group. Conclusion: The present findings of the study suggest that Murraya koenigii can be a promising antidiabetic agent which needs to be further explored.
Partial gestalts

We expose a recently introduced method for computing geometric structures in a digital image, without any a priori information. According to a basic principle of perception due to Helmholtz, an observed geometric structure is perceptually \meaningful" if its number of occurences would be very small in a random situation : geometric structures are characterized as large deviations from randomness. This leads us to deﬂne and compute "partial gestalts" (in computer vision, features) like alignments, edges, clusters, groups of objects similar for some quality in an image by a parameter-free method. Maximal meaningful objects are deﬂned, computed, and the results compared with the ones obtained by classical algorithms. A discussion ensues : are the partial gestalt (or feature) detectors enough to build up computer vision algorithms ? We show by experiments that this is rather an illusion : the "con(cid:176)icts" between gestalt laws that were discussed in a phenomenological framework by the gestaltists indeed arise in well chosen images and lead to wrong (but explainable) detections. We show how no "good" feature detector can work if not applied simultaneously and in con(cid:176)ict with all other detectors. We are led to the conclusion that no correct image analysis can be obtained if the gestalt con(cid:176)icts and the subsequent masking phenomena are not adressed.
A NOTE ON TYPE OF WEAK-L1 AND WEAK-`1 SPACES

We present a direct proof of the fact that the weak-L1 and weak-`1 spaces do not have type 1. It has been known for some time that the weak-L1 space is not normable, that is, there does not exist a norm equivalent to the standard quasi-norm ‖f‖1,∞ in the weak-L1 space [2]. In [4, Proposition 2.3] it was proved more, namely that the weak-L1 space does not have type 1. This was obtained indirectly as a corollary of more general investigations. Here we present a direct proof by constructing suitable sequences of functions that contradicts type 1 property in weak-L1 or weak-`1 spaces. Let rn : [0, 1] → R, n ∈ N, be Rademacher functions, that is rn(t) = sign(sin 2πt). A quasi-Banach space (X, ‖ · ‖) has type 1 [3, 7] if there is a constant K > 0 such that, for any choice of finitely many vectors x1, . , xn from X, ∫ 1 0 ∥∥∥ n ∑ k=1 rk(t)xk ∥∥∥dt ≤ K n ∑ k=1 ‖xk‖. Clearly if X is a normable space then X has type 1. For theory of quasi-Banach spaces see [5]. If f is a real-valued measurable function on I, where I = (0, 1) or I = (0,∞), then we define the distribution function of f by df (λ) = ∣∣{x ∈ R : |f(x)| > λ}∣∣ for each λ ≥ 0, where | · | denotes the Lebesgue measure on R, and the decreasing rearrangement of f is defined as f∗(t) = inf{s > 0 : df (s) ≤ t}, t ∈ I. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 46B20, 46E30, 47B38.