Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Verification of Video Reconstruction Using Bilateral-Reverse Directional Global Based Optical Flow over Non-Gaussian Noise

This paper presents the verification of video reconstruction over non-Gaussian noise using Bilateral-reverse directional global based optical flow. Noise is a major problem in optical for motion approximation where the effective result in motion vector (MV) is a core matter in the optical flow. Various type of noise cause the uncertain determination in the optical flow technique. Many of robust optical flow techniques were invented to increase the certainty of optical under noisy conditions. In our experimentation, we verified several of robust optical flow techniques with the Bilateral-reverse directional technique. The contaminated video with non-Gaussian noises is used to verify the performance on several robust optical flow techniques by considering the result in the video reconstruction from the MV on each technique to prove the robustness of Bilateral-reverse directional technique on global based optical flow.
Novel Land Cover Change Detection Method Based on k-Means Clustering and Adaptive Majority Voting Using Bitemporal Remote Sensing Images

Land cover change detection (LCCD) based on bitemporal remote sensing images has become a popular topic in the field of remote sensing. Despite numerous methods promoted in recent decades, an improvement on the usability and performance of these methods has remained necessary. In this paper, a novel LCCD approach based on the integration of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-means clustering and adaptive majority voting (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-means_AMV) techniques have been developed. The proposed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-means_AMV method consists of three major techniques. First, to utilize the contextual information in an adaptive manner, an adaptive region around a central pixel is constructed by detecting the spectral similarity between the central pixel and its eight neighboring pixels. Second, when the extension for the adaptive region is terminated, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-means clustering method is applied to determine the label of each pixel within the adaptive region. Finally, an existing AMV technique is used to refine the label of the central pixel of the adaptive region. When change magnitude image (CMI) is scanned and processed in this manner, the label of each pixel in the CMI can be refined and the binary change detection map can be generated. Three image scenes related to different land cover change events are adapted to test the effectiveness and performance of the proposed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-means_AMV approach. The results show that the proposed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-means_AMV approach demonstrates better detection accuracies and visual performance than that of the several extensively used methods.
Building the toolkit of quality monitoring clinical outcomes as a means of assessing quality in residential care

Residential aged care in Australia does not have a system of quality assessment related to clinical outcomes, creating a significant gap in quality monitoring. Clinical outcomes represent the results of all inputs into care, thus providing an indication of the success of those inputs. To fill this gap, an assessment tool based on resident outcomes (the ResCareQA) was developed and evaluated in collaboration with residential care providers. A useful output of the ResCareQA is a profile of resident clinical status, and this paper will use such outputs to present a snapshot of nine residential facilities. Such comprehensive data has not yet been available within Australia, so this will provide an important insight. ResCareQA data was collected from all residents (N=498) of nine aged care facilities from two major aged care providers. For each facility, numerator–denominator data were calculated to assess the degree of potential clinical problems. Results varied across clinical areas and across facilities, and rank-ordered facility results for selected clinical areas are reviewed and discussed. Use of the ResCareQA to generate clinical outcome data provides a concrete means of monitoring care quality within residential facilities; regular use of the ResCareQA could thus contribute to improved care outcomes within residential aged care.
Executive compensation and corporate environmental violations: An empirical analysis based on big data of Chinese listed companies

According to upper echelon theory, managers play an important role in the decision-making process of enterprises, and reasonable compensation level is also conducive to high-quality development of enterprises. This paper constructs the panel data of China's listed companies from 2009 to 2019 to study whether executive compensation can restrain corporate environmental violations. The empirical analysis shows that: firstly, executive compensation level can significantly restrain corporate environmental violations, and the research conclusion is still robust after substituting proxy variables, controlling for other factors and changing the regression model; secondly, the level of executive compensation inhibits corporate environmental violations by improving their awareness of environmental responsibility; Thirdly, in enterprises with weak financing constraints, executive compensation level has a stronger restraining effect on corporate environmental violations. The conclusion provides a new research perspective for restraining corporate environmental violations. In the actual operation of enterprises, attention should be paid to cultivating senior executives' awareness of environmental responsibility.
Implementation of vision-assisted path planning system for bulk die sorting in semiconductor industry

Semiconductor integrated circuits (IC) are found in all of today’s electronic devices. Low cost mass production has enabled electronics to revolutionize the way people live and work. One major operation in IC assembly is die sorting, where individual die is categorized by grade. The traditional vision-assisted pick-and-place die sorting approach has high accuracy but low throughput. In this research, a bulk die sorting approach through vision-assisted path planning is studied and implemented. The objective of this system is to provide accurate die classification through vision processing and high die sorting throughput with efficient path planning. The system hardware consists of two parts, motion XY-stage used for wafer planar translation and optical unit used for acquiring wafer images. Firstly, the wafer image is acquired using the image mosaicing method. Then, die classification is performed to obtain the positions of functional and non-functional dies. Subsequently, point and coverage path planning algorithms are applied to determine the optimum path for physical die sorting operation. Overall, the proposed system showed significant improvement in the wafer image quality, low mismatch of dies, and obtained the shortest traversal time and distance for clustering dies by using the combined heuristic cluster with nearest neighbour algorithm. The system showed that the best coverage path planning method is the back-and-forth filling using decelerate-reaccelerate motion in terms of processing time (1.6 s), traversal time (137.2 s) and XY-stage stresses. As a conclusion, through the integrated implementation of hardware and software encompassing wafer image acquisition, die classification and path planning, the die sorting system is capable of achieving accurate die sorting with high throughput.
Anatomy of an Error: The Case of Loss Reserve Development Error Research

The academic literature on loss reserve errors spans five decades and follows two general themes: accident year reserve errors and calendar year reserve errors. The error metrics have different purposes, and in some research one method may be more appropriate than the other. In recent years, a material error has crept into the academic literature concerning the definition and measurement of loss reserve errors, and that error has found its way into peer-reviewed articles, into working papers found online, and in conference presentations. Our primary goal in this paper is to present a history of the two reserve error metrics and to correct the evolving error before it becomes too deeply embedded into the literature.
On the Underspecification of Functional Categories in Early Grammars

Children's early linguistic productions are typically characterized by the variable or null use of grammatical function items. These morphologically impoverished productions have frequently been interpreted as evidence for the rudimentary nature of early child grammars. Drawing on evidence from both English and Sesotho, this paper provides a sketch of a Metrical Model of Production that accounts for much of the reported omission and variability in children's early production of functional categories. The paper concludes that variable morphological 'underspecification' is largely a reflection of children's incomplete productive capacities rather than a lack of grammatical competence. 1.0 Introduction It has long been observed that children tend to omit closed class grammatical function items in early speech (Bloom, 1970; Brown, 1973). These observations have taken on new importance with recent developments in linguistic theory, where determiners, complementizers, subject-verb agreement and auxiliaries are all classified as functional (as opposed to lexical) categories, heading their own projections (Abney, 1987; Fukui and Speas, 1985; Chomsky, 1988). Indeed, functional categories are seen to encapsulate many of the critical aspects of syntactic structure itself. That early stages of language acquisition apparently lack these grammatical function items has led some researchers to propose that children's early grammars are syntactically impoverished, initially being composed of only a VP (e.g. Guilfoyle and Noonan, 1989; Lebeaux, 1988; Radford, 1990). Others suggest that children may fluctuate between two competing structural representations, one with functional projections, the other without (e.g. Lebeaux, 1988). However, still others argue that children's early productions represent an incomplete picture of children's actual grammatical competence (e.g. Lee, Lust, and Whitman, 1990; Whitman, Lee and Lust, 1991; Demuth, 1992a). Although each of these different points of * I thank audiences at the Cornell University Symposium on Syntactic Theory and First Language Acquisition, the University of Connecticut at Storrs, and the 17th Annual Conference on Language Development, as well as two anonymous reviewers, for comments and discussion.
A Review of Augmented Reality Research for Design Practice: Looking to the Future

The rapid proliferation of Augmented Reality (AR) technologies over the past 30 years has introduced new capabilities and opportunities to further support design activities. It is therefore not surprising that there is an increasing body of knowledge on the application of AR within design. However, little work has been performed on consolidating this knowledge to enable the identification of general trends and gaps in the successful application of AR across design activities. This is both critical to design research to ensure that the field provides comprehensive coverage of the potential of AR in design, and for industry who are looking to AR to enhance the productivity of their design processes. To meet this need, the paper presents a review of the design literature relating to AR and maps this research in relation to the type of AR technology and the stage in the design process. From this review, the paper identifies the AR technologies that show greatest promise in supporting design activity and areas in design that have had little to no research with regards to AR. Through this investigation it was possible to determine that while there are currently some AR technologies aimed at supporting design not all forms of AR technologies are currently being investigated with SAR and HHD having more commercially available platforms than HMDs. More importantly, this review found that not every stage of the design process is currently supported by AR technologies. It appears that the initial and final stages of the design process are the areas that lack the most support. Indeed the Task, Design Specification and Product Documentation stages (first, second and final stages in the design process respectively) are the areas where little to no research has been undertaken. These stages in the design process are thus identified as potential areas for further development of AR technologies to support the growth and acceptance of AR in design.
Mean——CVaR Efficient Frontier and Its Economic Implications(II)

Since CVaR (Conditional Value-at-Risk)—a new approach of risk management introduced by Rockafeller and Uryasev(2000),has significant advantages over VaR(Value-at-Risk) and more reasonable economic implications than VaR,it is considered to be a more stable、consistent and efficient measure of risk than VaR.Based on the CVaR technique,this paper studies the Mean\_CVaR boundary of portfolio and examine the economic implications under the assumption of normality of risk securities.The comparison between the Mean\_CVaR boundary and the Mean\_Variance boundary is provided.
Revisión sistemática: epidemiología de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico en Latinoamérica

La prevalencia de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofagico (ERGE) es de 10% a 20% en Europa y America del Norte, y de aproximadamente de 5% en Asia. El objetivo de este estudio sistematico fue cuantificar la prevalencia e incidencia de ERGE en Latinoamerica, y determinar los factores de riesgo y comorbilidades potenciales. Se efectuaron busquedas sistematicas de literatura en PubMed, Embase y Scientific Electronic Library On-line. No se impusieron restricciones de idioma. Se identificaron ocho estudios con datos sobre la prevalencia de pirosis y/o regurgitacion en Latinoamerica. La prevalencia de pirosis y/o regurgitacion fue de 11,9% a 31,3% en los cinco estudios con datos sobre sintomas experimentados al menos semanalmente y 25% a 35% en los tres estudios que no especificaron la frecuencia de los sintomas. Los sintomas de la ERGE estuvieron asociados con obesidad y enfermedades respiratorias. No se identificaron estudios poblacionales sobre la incidencia de ERGE o la prevalencia de esofagitis por reflujo. No obstante, cuatro estudios investigaron la prevalencia de esofagitis por reflujo en pacientes derivados a una endoscopia gastrointestinal superior, indicando que era de 35% a 47% en pacientes derivados a raiz de sintomas de la ERGE y de 13% en pacientes derivados por cualquier otra indicacion. La prevalencia informada de ERGE en Latinoamerica es similar a las estimaciones obtenidas en estudios previos en Europa y America del Norte, y mas elevada que las obtenidas en Asia. La asociacion de los sintomas de ERGE con comorbilidades especificas justifica investigaciones adicionales y debe dictaminar el manejo de los pacientes.
Effectiveness of the supportive housing model for the homeless population with severe mental illness in the United States

Homeless persons diagnosed with severe mental illness represent approximately a quarter of the homeless population in the United States. The risk of deteriorating health is increased the longer a person with severe mental illness remains on the streets. Supportive Housing Model (SHM) was introduced in the early 1990’s to address this public health concern. SHM intended to provide affordable permanent housing, with added support provided by case managers, social workers, and various treatment providers to assist residents in accessing services to help lengthen their time away from homelessness. This thesis is a critical literature of peer reviewed articles in PUBMED, Social Work Abstracts, Social Sciences Abstracts and PsyCritiques of randomized controlled trials published between the years 1990 and 2014 in the United States. Systematic and meta-analyses reviews were identified and included, to gain an additional perspective on the effectiveness of the SHM when applied to homeless persons with severe mental illness in the United States. The adaptation of the SHM with the homeless population diagnosed with severe mental illness does favor improved housing retention, based on the findings of the review. Additionally, consumers have a strong preference for the SHM, even though lifetime substance abuse and minority status are strong predictors of reducing the number of days away from homelessness. The intensity level of the case management services may favorably alter the housing retention rates for homeless persons with severe mental illness, substance use disorder or both, which may result in additional costs as intensity level is heightened. Future policy decisions for the SHM may need to consider the effects of mental illness, substance abuse, declining incomes, housing affordability, availability of units, intensity level of case management services, and the identification of continuous funding streams to effectively address this public health concern. The low number of randomized controlled trials identified in this literature review limits the conclusions.
A novel adaptive active noise control algorithm based on Tikhonov regularisation

This paper proposes a novel adaptive active noise control algorithm based on Tikhonov regularization theory. A regularized cost function consisting of the weighted sum of the most recent samples of the residual noise and its derivative is defined. By setting the gradient vector of the cost function to zero, an optimal solution for the control parameters is obtained. Based on the proposed optimal solution, a computationally efficient algorithm for adaptive adjustment of the control parameters is developed. It is shown that the regularized affine projection algorithm can be considered as a very special case of the proposed algorithm. Different computer simulation experiments show the validity and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Intensive voice treatment for children with spastic cerebral palsy

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an intensive speech treatment for children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Background. Children with spastic CP have speech and voice disorders, which may limit functional communication and negatively impact quality of life. There are limited published outcome data on speech treatment approaches for these children. Recent advances in theories of motor development and behavioral gait and limb treatment provide a solid framework (consistent with theories of motor learning) from which to test different speech treatment concepts (e.g., intensive treatment, high effort exercises, repeated practice trials, and sensory augmentation/sensory awareness training) in children with spastic CP. Method. A multiple baseline single-subject design with replication across participants (five children with spastic CP) was used. Acoustic measures related to voice functioning, auditory-perceptual analysis of speech samples, and perceptual ratings by parents of participants in this study were obtained from baseline, post-treatment, and 6 week follow-up data recording sessions. Results. The four participants who received treatment demonstrated a marked change in performance on one or more of the acoustic measures and there were strong listener preferences for the treated speech samples (post-treatment or follow-up sessions) over baseline samples for most perceptual characteristics rated. In addition, parents of these four participants reported improved perceptions on two or more voice, speech, or communication characteristics following treatment, and all had an overall favorable impression of their child's treatment outcome and of the treatment approach used. No changes were observed in the one participant with CP who did not receive treatment. Conclusions. These findings suggest that in these four participants with CP, intensive speech treatment changed the output of the speech motor system in a manner that listeners preferred over baseline speech samples. In addition, this positive effect was maintained in nearly all cases 6 weeks after the conclusion of treatment. These findings are consistent with those in limb and gait treatment literature, thus highlighting potential key treatment concepts to consider in behavioral treatment for children with spastic CP.
Etude de la relation entre certains facteurs alimentaires et le risque de tumeurs colorectales

Les facteurs alimentaires intervenant aux differents stades de la cancerogenese colorectale (petit adenomes, gros adenomes et cancer colorectal) ont ete etudies a partir des donnees francaises de l'etude E3N. L'etude E3N (Etude Epidemiologique aupres de femmes de l'Education nationale) composante francaise de l'etude EPIC (European prospective into Cancer and Nutrition) porte sur 100 000 femmes, âgees de 40 a 65 ans en 1990, adherentes de la Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale. Les donnees alimentaires, recueillies par un auto-questionnaire, sont disponibles pour 75 000 femmes. Les 517 sujets ayant developpe un adenome entre 1993 et 1997 ont ete compares a 4695 sujets indemnes de polypes (coloscopie declaree normale). La population d'etude des cancers etait constituee de 173 cas de cancer et 64937 sujets indemnes. L'estimation des risques a ete modelisee par un modele de Cox. Des effets deleteres de la consommation d'alcool sur la survenue d'adenome et de la consommation de charcuterie sur la survenue de cancer ont ete observes. Un apport eleve en calcium etait associe a une diminution significative du risque de petit adenome et a une diminution non-significative du risque de gros adenome et de cancer colorectal. Les apports en fibres diminuaient non-significativement le risque d'adenome et de cancer colorectal. Des effets protecteurs, proches de la significativite, des fibres de legumes sur le risque de petit adenome et des fibres de cereales sur le risque de cancer ont ete observes. Un effet different des facteurs alimentaires selon le stade de la sequence adenome-cancer a ete confirme
The Little We Know: An Exploratory Literature Review on the Utility of Mobile Phone‐Enabled Services for Smallholder Farmers

Mobile technologies could help to improve service delivery to smallholder farmers, but whether such services are fulfilling their potential remains poorly understood. To address this gap, this article presents an exploratory literature review regarding the impact of mobile phone-enabled services on farmers in developing countries. The review highlights a dearth of empirical evidence in this area. Findings suggest that farmers benefited through improvements in production planning, management of weather-related risks, and greater ease in receiving money. The review also points to several methodological shortcomings, notably the reliance on perception data and the failure to assess impacts in relation to usage. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.