Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discussion of Hymers's Philosophy and Its Epistemic Neuroses

Philosophy and Its Epistemic Neuroses [PEN] is a wide-ranging book that champions a "modest realism" about human minds and their capacity to apprehend the world, and decries the futility of two contrasting immodest "isms" on this score: metaphysical realism, on the one side, and relativism on the other. Its chapter epigraphs from Wittgenstein and John Wisdom evoke the theoretically quietist spirit of so much philosophy of the 1950s, particularly in Cambridge (Cambs., not Mass.). Hymers's Wittgenstein is the one in need of respite from the urge to do philosophy, his Wisdom the one alert to an illuminating resemblance between "the philosopher" and the obsessional neurotic. Dismayed by the limited impact that this sort of approach has enjoyed to date, Hymers seeks to cure us once and for all of our weakness for futile lucubration about the nature of knowledge and reality. He argues that philosophical debate between scepticism (the view that we cannot vindicate our native tendency to think that we know a lot about ourselves and the world) and cognitivism (the view that we can) is irresoluble, not because the issues are so deep and difficult, but because the parties to the dispute are invariably wedded to metaphysical realism or relativism, or even both (cf. "by applying the metaphysical realist's conception of objectivity and mind-independence to conceptual schemes, conceptual relativism reifies cultures and languages" [p. 123]).
OAB symptoms: assessment and discriminator for etiopathology

Purpose of review Overactive bladder (OAB) is a highly common condition defined by characteristic symptoms and absence of obvious diseases. OAB symptoms are reviewed with special relevance to its etiopathlogy. Recent findings Numerous validated assessment tools are available for OAB symptoms. They are variable in question items and response scale, but most of them are highly responsive to quality of life impairment and treatment outcomes. It should be kept in mind whether the tool addresses symptoms including OAB symptoms, OAB symptoms alone, or symptom bother. The cardinal symptom of OAB is urgency, a strong desire to void of sudden onset. Suddenness of urgency is associated with symptom severity and its all-or-none nature is indicative of a disorder in bladder afferent signal processing. Summary Etiopathology of OAB or urgency is highly heterogeneous and may be found in detrusor muscle, bladder nervous system, and the brain. OAB is reflective of a condition of sensory dysfunction of the bladder, wherein the patients feel a strong desire to void at a smaller bladder volume (sensory hyperactivity) and notice desire to void too late (impaired perception). This ambivalent condition could be named as ‘sensory hyperactivity with impaired perception’.
¿Qué sabemos sobre la presencia política de las mujeres y la toma de decisiones? Claves para un marco de análisis.

Este articulo tiene como objetivo abordar desde una doble perspectiva, normativa y politologica, algunos de los principales argumentos y orientaciones acerca de la presencia de las mujeres en el ambito de la politica que permitan establecer las claves para un posible marco de analisis. Es una reflexion que busca fijar un punto de encuentro entre la dimension normativa y las investigaciones de caracter empirico, con el fin de evitar la compartimentacion excesiva en el terreno de la teoria de genero y enriquecer las conclusiones
Flavopiridol Inhibits P-TEFb and Blocks HIV-1 Replication*

Flavopiridol (L86-8275, HMR1275) is a cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor that is in clinical trials as a cancer treatment because of its antiproliferative properties. We found that the flavonoid potently inhibited transcription by RNA polymerase II in vitro by blocking the transition into productive elongation, a step controlled by P-TEFb. The ability of P-TEFb to phosphorylate the carboxyl-terminal domain of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II was inhibited by flavopiridol with aK i of 3 nm. Interestingly, the drug was not competitive with ATP. P-TEFb composed of Cdk9 and cyclin T1 is a required cellular cofactor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) transactivator, Tat. Consistent with its ability to inhibit P-TEFb, flavopiridol blocked Tat transactivation of the viral promoter in vitro. Furthermore, flavopiridol blocked HIV-1 replication in both single-round and viral spread assays with an IC50 of less than 10 nm.
Access to Pain Management-Still Very Much a Human Right.

The present AAPM President’s Message reinforces and extends the three published to date during the current President’s term—all under the broad theme of pain as a public health issue. A key tenet of contemporary public health is its concern for social justice and human rights. In recent decades, the concept of pain management as a fundamental human right has emerged as a source of advocacy and obligation. In the American scene, this concept has recently been challenged as part of a broad reaction to societal crises of opioid misuse and abuse, often diverted from prescription pain medications. However, on a global basis recent initiatives likewise voice concerns about substance use but emphasize the importance of access to pain assessment and treatment. In 2007, the authors published a review article (Pain Management: a Fundamental Human Right. Anesth Analg 2007;105:205–21) that outlined the legal rights to pain management. The intervening nine years have seen rapidly unfolding developments in advocacy for this concept by pain and palliative care groups, the World Health Organization, the United Nations, and other international organizations. In light of its ongoing relevance to current conversations about pain control and public policy, Dr. Carr invited Drs. Brennan and Cousins to join him to briefly survey a few of the many interim global developments and comment upon the future of human rights discourse in pain medicine. In 2004, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), the World Health Organization, and the European Federation of IASP Chapters (EFIC) cosponsored the Inaugural Global Pain Day. The theme of that day was “Pain Relief Should be a Human Right. ” Consolidating other declarations of palliative care as a human right, the International Association of Hospice and Palliative Care (IAHPC) and the Worldwide Palliative Care Alliance (WPCA) cosponsored a Joint Declaration and Statement of …
Simultaneous detection of X‐ and Y‐bearing bull spermatozoa by double colour fluorescence in situ hybridization

Double colour fluorescence in situ hybridization with sex chromosome probes was applied on sperm cells of five Swedish Holstein‐Friesian bulls. It was demonstrated that cosmids with strong fluorescence signals and scraped chromosomes can successfully be used as markers in this type of study. X and Y segregated as expected according to a 1:1 ratio, and there were no interindividual variations. There was a tendency for there to be more Y‐ than X‐bearing spermatozoa, but this bias was assumed to be due to the markers used. Disomic spermatozoa occurred with a frequency of more than 0.1 % (0.067% XX, 0.029% YY, and 0.029% XY), which is considerably lower than the frequency in humans. Diploid sperm cells occurred with a frequency of 0.05 %. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 53:407–412, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fighting fat

A growing epidemic is sweeping through the developed world, threatening millions with disability and death: obesity. ‘Epidemic’ may sound exaggerated, but the facts speak for themselves: 154 million people worldwide are obese—or more than 20% are over their ideal body weight—including more than 50% of all Americans. More disturbing is the prevalence of childhood obesity, which has jumped dramatically over the past 20 years and now accounts for a doubling in the incidence of diabetes, a 5‐fold increase in sleep apnoea and a 3‐fold increase in gall bladder disease. The World Health Organization and the US Surgeon General have already warned that obesity is a serious, life‐threatening disease. Indeed, as a major risk factor for hypertension, stroke, heart disease, diabetes and possibly certain forms of cancer, obesity exacts a greater toll on health and healthcare costs than either smoking or drinking. In the USA alone, the direct medical costs of obesity‐related diseases account for 6% of the nation's entire healthcare budget. Obesity is, in short, a great deal more than a ‘lifestyle’ or cosmetic problem. This has not been lost on the pharmaceutical industry. Companies know that the worldwide market for an effective treatment for obesity is gargantuan: analysts estimate that an effective and safe drug could generate as much as US$26 billion per year in the USA alone. ‘It is probably the largest pharmaceutical market ever, and carries with it 27–30 dangerous co‐morbidities,’ said Louis Tartaglia, Vice President of metabolic diseases at Millennium Pharmaceuticals (Cambridge, MA), who estimates the current annual worldwide market conservatively at US$10–15 billion. If one adds the patients who are obese and diabetic, the number soars even higher, as obesity and diabetes are linked diseases. The sudden rise in obesity is mainly a result of lifestyle changes, particularly the ready availability of calorie‐laden, refined food …
Dialysis‐dependent renal failure at diagnosis continues to be associated with very poor outcome in multiple myeloma

Chang, W.J., Kim, S.J. & Kim, K. (2014) Central nervous system myeloma : a different cytogenetic profile? British Journal of Haematology, 164, 745–748. Gozzetti, A. , Cerase, A. , Lotti, F. , Rossi, D. , Palumbo, A. , Petrucci, M.T. , Patriarca, F. , Nozzoli, C. , Cavo, M. , Offidani, M. , Floridia, M. , Berretta, S. , Vallone, R. , Musto, P., Lauria, F. & GIMEMA (Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche dell’Adulto) Myeloma Working Party (2012) Extramedullary intracranial localizations of multiple myeloma and treatment with novel agents: a retrospective survey of 50 patients. Cancer, 118, 1574–1584.
Infrared Spectroscopy of Matrix-Isolated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Ions. 5. PAHs Incorporating a Cyclopentadienyl Ring †

The matrix-isolation technique has been employed to measure the mid-infrared spectra of the ions of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons whose structures incorporate a cyclopentadienyl ring. These include the cations of fluoranthene (C16H10), benzo[a]fluoranthene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[j]fluoranthene, and benzo[k]fluoranthene (all C20H12 isomers), as well as the anions of benzo[a]fluoranthene and benzo[j]fluoranthene. With the exception of fluoranthene, which presented significant theoretical difficulties, the experimental data are compared to theoretically calculated values obtained using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/4-31G level. In general, there is good overall agreement between the two data sets, with the positional agreement between the experimentally measured and theoretically predicted bands somewhat better than that associated with their intensities. The results are also consistent with previous experimental studies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ions. Specifically, i.
List Partitions

List partitions generalize list colorings and list homomorphisms. (We argue that they may be called list "semihomomorphisms.") Each symmetric matrix M over 0,1,* defines a list partition problem. Different choices of the matrix M lead to many well-known graph theoretic problems, often related to graph perfection, including the problem of recognizing split graphs, finding homogeneous sets, clique cutsets, stable cutsets, and so on. The recent proof of the strong perfect graph theorem employs three kinds of decompositions that can be viewed as list partitions. We develop tools which allow us to classify the complexity of many list partition problems and, in particular, yield the complete classification for small matrices M. Along the way, we obtain a variety of specific results, including generalizations of Lovasz's communication bound on the number of clique-versus-stable-set separators, polynomial time algorithms to recognize generalized split graphs, a polynomial algorithm for the list version of the clique cutset problem, and the first subexponential algorithm for the skew cutset problem of Chvatal. We also show that the dichotomy (NP-complete versus polynomial time solvable), conjectured for certain graph homomorphism problems, would, if true, imply a slightly weaker dichotomy (NP-complete versus quasi-polynomial) for our list partition problems.
OS NOMES COMO MARCADORES IDEOLóGICOS

Este trabalho e parte de uma pesquisa em que discutimos a inter-relacao nome, identidade, cultura, em diferentes sistemas etno-linguisticos. Como unidades significativas, os nomes s comportam modalizagdes distintas, segundo os modelos semioticos dominantes no meio analisado. Sdo recortes de uma realidade vivenciada, conscientemente ou nao, pelo denominador isolado ou pelo prdprio grupo, numa absorsao coletiva dos valores especiais que representam a mentalidade do tempo historico ou ethos grupal.No texto onom&stico, os esquemas denominativos podem se revelar adequados ou contrarios a esses principios, tabunizados ou interditos ao uso, dentro de determinadas circunstâncias ambientais.De qualquer forma, revelam padroes motivadores vigentes e suas influencias objetivas ou subjetivas.
A low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) system for multi-patient ECG's monitoring

This paper discussed one application of IOT as media data transmission for the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. We developed ECG monitoring system that can be accessed by several users simultaneously via the internet network. The system consists of ECG hardware, transmission module based on Zigbee and web server for data storage and web application. The ECG signal taken from body's patients is acquired by the ECG machine, and then raw data is sent serially to the computer server using Zigbee. Furthermore, the data can be accessed by other authorized parties via the web pages for the purpose of treatment or consultation. By using this application, patients with heart diseases can interact and consult with a cardiologist anytime and anywhere. The testing result shows that the system can handle up to 20 users without errors. Meanwhile for 50-150 user some errors occurred due to insufficient bandwidth or high data traffic on the server.
A survey on rotor faults in brushless doubly fed machines

The cause of about 10% of faults in induction machines is related to the rotor part. In this paper, an analytical method for general modeling of brushless doubly-fed machines (BDFMs) with broken rotor loops and end ring is presented. The approach is based on calculation of resistance and inductance matrices through the winding function of the machine, so the assumption of sinusoidal MMF is not needed. It is also shown that a fault in a loop can lead to faults in other parts of the rotor. To validate the method a simulation in MATLAB/Simulink is performed based on the D180-frame prototype BDFM.
Clinical Applications Of Nerve Conduction Velocity

Apart from fibre diameter, the difference in velocity between infants and adults might possibly depend on a difference in temperature, since lowering the temperature slows nerve conduction. 4, However, using a thermistor, THOMAS and LAMBERT found that the mean temperature in the forearm muscles of 27 newborns was 1 3" C. higher than the corresponding value obtained in adults by HENRIKSEN4, so low temperature cannot be blamed for the infant's slow conduction. THOMAS and LAMBERT also found that as the full-term infant ages the velocity of its nerve conduction steadily increases. At first the increase is fairly rapid but it levels off later. By 6 months the velocities ranged from 35 to 45 m. /sec. , and between 6 and 12 months roughly half the children had velocities over 50 m. /sec. By 3 years practically all the values were in the lower adult range, and by 5 years the child's conduction velocity was essentially the same as the adult's. Four of the prematures, aged 16, 46, 1 and 9 days, had very similar conduction velocities. This was ascribed to the fact that, in spite of their different chronological ages, the four infants were all still 37-40 days short of their fullterm. THOMAS and LAMBERT concluded that conduction velocity and nerve maturation are more closely related to age from conception than to age after birth. GAMSTORP'~ has compared the conduction velocity of the ulnar, median and peroneal nerves in infants and children and has found differences in the rate of increase in conduction velocity with age in the different nerves. In another investigation of premature infants, CERRA and JOHN SON'^ studied the conduction velocity of the ulnar and peroneal nerves in 11 prematures ranging in birth-weight from 1241 to 1957 g. , and in gestation from 32 to 40 weeks. The assessments were done from 7 to 31 days after birth. From 19 observations on ulnar nerve conduction they obtained a mean velocity of 20.2 m. /sec. , which agrees remarkably well with the figure of 20.7 obtained by THOMAS and LAMBERT. hey also established a statistically significant correlation between the conduction velocity and the degree of prematurity, as judged by weight, but since they did not attempt to differentiate dysmature from premature infants this last conclusion may not be valid. There is still need for a prospective study of motor nerve conduction in premature as well as dysmature infants. Serial assessments of the same infants from birth until 2 years of age or more should yield interesting information, not only on the variations in conduction velocity but also on the whole process of maturation of the peripheral nervous system.
Jánossy elmélete az új növekedési elmélet tükrében [Jánossy's theory in the light of the new growth theory]

A hosszu tavu idősorok vizsgalatanak legnagyobb hazai uttorője Janossy Ferenc volt, aki a hatvanas evekben megalkotta hires trendvonal-elmeletet, es ennek segitsegevel majdnem egy evtizeddel korabban megjosolta a hetvenes evek nagy vilaggazdasagi visszaeseset. A tortenelmi idősorok keszitesenek legismertebb nemzetkozi szaktekintelye pedig Angus Maddison, aki 56 orszagra vonatkozoan 1820-tol napjainkig keszitett idősorokat a legfontosabb demografiai es makromutatokrol. Mindketten azon kivul, hogy vizsgalati modszereiket mind a tortenelmi, mind a szamszerű megkozelites egyarant jellemez arra a kovetkeztetesre jutottak, hogy a hosszu tavu gazdasagi novekedest biztosito termelesi tenyezők kozul a human tőkee a legfontosabb szerep. A jelen cikk fő celja, hogy eredmenyeiket szembesitse az ugynevezett uj novekedeselmelet legujabb modelljeivel es eredmenyeivel, amelyek a human tőke legfontosabb termelesi tenyezőkent valo kiemelesevel az utobbi masfel evtizedben mutattak meg oroszlankormuket".
TRULY INTERACTIVE ADVERTISING : NEW DEVELOPMENTS

Secondly, the research paper inquires whether the advertisements traditionally associated with the term interactive advertising, such as banners, brand websites, emails and pop-up windows, can be considered truly interactive today. It maintains that certain types of interactive advertising have begun to emerge. These appear to present different characteristics to the types traditionally outlined as interactive advertising.
Accumulation of Weathered P,P′-DDE in Xylem Sap Of Grafted Watermelon

Movement of weathered p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (p,p′-DDE) from contaminated soil to the rhizosphere pore water to the xylem sap of grafted watermelon was studied under green house conditions. p,p′-DDE concentrations in pore water and xylem sap was compared in intact plants, homografted, and compatible heterografts of Cucurbita pepo spp. pepo and Citrullus lanatus plants.An average p,p′-DDE concentrations in pore water of contaminated soil ranged from 0.36 μg/L to 0.55 μg/L and there were no statistically significant among the cultivars. Conversely, the xylem sap p,p′-DDE concentration of heterografted watermelon having a zucchini rootstock and watermelon scion was 71 μg/L and it was greater than intact watermelon plants (0.49 μg/L) but less than that of intact plants of zucchini (141 μg/L). Homografting showed no effect on xylem sap p,p′-DDE concentrations of the identical cultivars. The bio-concentration factors (BCFs) which is an average p,p′-DDE concentration in xylem sap over average p,p′-DDE in pore water were 344, 325, 197, 1.28, and 0.89 for intact plant of zucchini, homografted zucchini, heterografted watermelon, homografted watermelon, and intact plant of watermelon, respectively. Xylem sap p,p′-DDE concentrations of the heterografted watermelon plants were clearly influenced by plant phylogeny and enhanced by the zucchini rootstock compared to intact watermelon plants.
Análise crítica do papel atual da neurorradiologia diagnóstica e intervencionista

Resumo A neurorradiologia sofreu grande avanço na última década, abrindo novas perspectivas no diagnóstico e tratamento das doenças cerebrovasculares. Se por um lado, os exames de imagem permitem o diagnóstico por meios não-invasivos, por outro, a via endovascular traz uma opção terapêutica alternativa, isolada ou em associação à microneurocirurgia. Faz-se uma análise crítica dos artigos mais recentes na literatura, comparando-se os dois métodos terapêuticos, demonstrando o estado atual da neurorradiologia diagnóstica e intervencionista.
Marker Selection Based on Only Reproducibility Can Be Questioned

TO THE EDITOR: An excellent recently published paper (1) suggests a role for image heterogeneity markers, with an eye toward therapy monitoring. The reproducibilities of 24 individual measuring processes were determined from esophageal tumor scans obtained a few days apart. The “Conclusion” section singles out 5 markers as being preferred, as justified solely from their being the most reproducible (i.e., the 5 with the lowest tabulated SD for percentage reproducibility). Although readers can examine the text beyond the “Conclusion,” they might preferably consult a related interesting and thorough investigation published earlier by the authors (2) to see a fuller picture for choosing the best markers. This earlier work on selecting markers correctly used receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curves requiring outcome information that indicates therapy responders versus others. For the particular circumstances encountered here, this ROC-based selection methodology gave results similar to a solely reproducibility-based selection methodology. The “Conclusion” does not emphasize that only 18F-FDG PET esophageal studies were conducted. The need to also have outcome information seems intuitive, as is mathematically supported by the exclusive analytic dependency (3) of the ROC area on a ratio (referred to as the Mahalanobis distance in classification theory and popularly also relatedly encountered in t testing between groups):