Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using tannins

Colloidal silver nanoparticles were prepared by rapid green synthesis using different tannin sources as reducing agent viz. chestnut (CN), mangrove (MG) and quebracho (QB). The aqueous silver ions when exposed to CN, MG and QB tannins were reduced which resulted in formation of silver nanoparticles. The resultant silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Furthermore, the possible mechanism of nanoparticles synthesis was also derived using FT-IR analysis. Spectroscopy analysis revealed that the synthesized nanoparticles were within 30 to 75 nm in size, while XRD results showed that nanoparticles formed were crystalline with face centered cubic geometry.
CHIRAL CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORETIC SEPARATION OF SELECTED DRUGS AND METABOLITES USING SULFATED β-CYCLODEXTRIN

In this paper, we report the chiral separation of some drugs and their metabolites using sulfated β-cyclodextrin, a powerful chiral selector that has proven to be highly efficient for the separation of chiral drugs, alone or in combination, with other chiral additives. Praziquantel, its metabolite trans-4-hydroxypraziquantel, and al ben dazole sulfoxide are neutral compounds and could be separated at basic pH 8-10. The simultaneous chiral separation of praziquantel and its metabolite enantiomers was only possible by the addition of sodium deoxycholate to the running buffer. Fluoxetine, disopyramide, and mexiletine, as well as their metabolites are basic compounds and were separated by appropriate selection of the running buffer pH and CD concentration. In addition, the effects of the experimental parameters, such as concentration of sulfated β-cyclodextrin, pH and buffer concentration, temperature, and voltage were also evaluated. Among the several parameters studied, the concentration of the chiral selector and the pH were the most important to obtain the chiral separation of the selected drugs and metabolites.
Effect of Active Packaging Films Containing Natural Antioxidant Essential Oils on the Oxidative Stability of the African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

The main function of food packaging is to delay natural processes that lead to food spoilage. To this end, antioxidants are often included in food packaging materials during processing and released into packaged food through a controlled diffusion mechanism. The use of antioxidants in food packaging helps delay both lipid oxidation and protein denaturation. In recent years, natural antioxidant packages have been preferred in food packages rather than synthetic ones. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of using packaging containing natural antioxidant essential oils on delaying the decay time of Clarias gariepinus . Films containing natural antioxidant essential oils ( Thymus sp., Mentha piperita, Foeniculum vulgare, Laurus nobilis, Fructus cumini ) were prepared. Then, the effect of prepared films on the chemical quality of C. gariepinus was investigated during refrigerated storage for 15 days. The preservative effect of films was assessed periodically by a free fatty acid, thiobarbituric acid value, peroxide value, and total sulfhydryl content analyses. Obtained results showed that the use of active packaging films containing natural antioxidant essential oils improved the oxidative stability of C. gariepinus .
Influence of corners and road conditions on cycling individual time trial performance and ‘optimal’ pacing strategy: A simulation study

A mathematical model of a bike-rider’s longitudinal and lateral dynamics was used to study the influence of road conditions (tyre-road friction coefficient) on cycling individual time trial (ITT) performance and pacing strategy. A dynamic optimisation approach was used on different simulated 40-km-ITT courses, where environmental variables (i.e. slope and wind), the presence of corners and the tyre-road friction coefficient were varied. The objective of the optimisation was the performance time. Maximal velocity was constrained by road geometry and the tyre-road friction coefficient. The maximal deliverable power output was constrained accordingly to the critical power model. The simulation results suggest that when technical sections constitute 25% of the entire course, road conditions can meaningfully affect the final performance time and peak power required, but not the pacing strategy. In fact, the time lost in slow technical sections cannot be regained during fast straight sections, even if technical sections are used to restore anaerobic energy stores. However, more experimental research is needed to test the applicability of these predictions.
Endophytic Fungi of Tomato and Their Potential Applications for Crop Improvement

Endophytic fungi (EF) are increasingly gaining attention due to the numerous benefits many species can offer to the plant host, while reducing the application of chemicals in agriculture, thus providing advantages to human health and the environment. The growing demand for safer agrifood products and the challenge of increasing food production with a lower use of pesticides and fertilizers stimulates investigations on the use and understanding of EF. Other than direct consequences on the plant damaging agents, these microorganisms can also deliver bioactive metabolites with antimicrobial, insecticidal, or plant biostimulant activities. In tomato, EF are artificially introduced as biological control agents or naturally acquired from the surrounding environment. To date, the applications of EF to tomato has been generally limited to a restricted group of beneficial fungi. In this work, considerations are made to the effects and methods of introduction and detection of EF on tomato plants, consolidating in a review the main findings that regard pest and pathogen control, and improvement of plant performance. Moreover, a survey was undertaken of the naturally occurring constitutive endophytes present in this horticultural crop, with the aim to evaluate the potential role in the selection of new beneficial EF useful for tomato crop improvement.
Experiential Outdoor Activities In Improving Students’ Vocabulary Achievement

This research is A Classroom Action Research held at SMP Negeri 4 Sipoholon in Academic Year 2018/2019. The problem of the research is; Does experiential outdoor activities significantly improve the students’ vocabulary achievement of the eight grade students at SMP Negeri 4 Sipoholon? And the objective is to find out whether experiential outdoor activities significantly improve the students’ vocabulary achievement. The subject of the research is 20 students of the eight grade students of SMP N. 4 Sipoholon in academic year 2018/2019. This research was only acted in one cycle in which, that in pre-test there was not student who got good and very good interpretation yet there are one who was fail and 8 students who were poor, in the minimum criterion used in the school is 70, so the researcher concluded that based on the students’ pre-test score they are fail. In fact based on the data analysis of the post-test that there are 11 students who got very good (80 – 100) and 9 students got good (66 – 79), and none of the students got fair (56-65), poor (40-55), and fail ( 55.25. In addition, p-value under df (degree of freedom) is 19 or 1.729, it was found t-value has a significant different with t-table or 78.25 > 1.729. On the other hand, it can be said that the Ho (null hypothesis) is rejected and the Ha (alternative hypothesis) is accepted, in which there is a significant improvement of students’ vocabulary achievement taught by experiential outdoor activities. Keyword: Experiential Outdoor Activities, Students’ Vocabulary Achievement
Quality Characteristics of Artisanal Smoked Chicken Meat Sold in Street Food in Togo

ABSTRACT Smoked-chicken Samples (36) were collected from 3 sites of smoking processes in Lomé and analyzed by conventional methods. Changes in the proximal composition and microbial germs load of chicken meat after smoking were significant (p < .05). Smoked chicken had good hygienic quality in compliance with regulations and variable water, protein, fat, and mineral contents. Their water activity (0.967 ± 0.011) indicated a highly perishable product with low storability. Low levels of total phenols suggested a light smoking product while Polycyclic Aromatics Hydrocarbons content (> maximum level allowed) pose a health risk. Smoked chickens overall acceptability was over 6 on a 9-point scale, but the seasoned and pre-cooked ones had the highest water loss rates and obtained the highest preference scores. Attributes “not tender enough,” “not spicy enough,” and “not salty enough” reduced the preference score by 1 to 2 points and should be considered in an improvement step.
Direct Monte Carlo Simulation of Ion-Induced Kinetic Electron Emission Statistics

A Monte Carlo simulation is performed for the study of the statistics of kinetic secondary electron emission from a gold surface under 1-5 keV H+ ion bombardment. In this simulation, the cross section of the excitation of conduction electrons by a proton is calculated by means of the Lindhard dielectric theory, and the cascade multiplication of secondary electrons inside the solid is involved. The calculated results are consistent with experimental data and reveal the origin of the deviation from the Poisson distribution, which corresponds to the contributions from the cascade multiplication of secondary electrons (low-impact energy) and the backscattering of projectile ions (high-impact energy).
Volunteering in environment conservation program: gain or loss?

Participation in an environmental conservation volunteer program provides secondary school students with the opportunity to establish a direct connection to their environment while contributing to the conservation of its natural heritage. The volunteering experiences also offer various forms of benefits to the volunteers as they ride through the challenges and learning experiences. A case study was conducted to explore the experiences of forty-five secondary school students who had volunteered in an environmental conservation volunteer program in the state of Perak. The study utilized focus group discussions to collect data. All discussions were audio-recorded and analyzed thematically using a two-layer constant comparative analysis method, triangulated using observations and reflection notes. Four themes emerged from the analysis to describe the benefits student volunteers gained from their active participation in the volunteer program. The challenges they experienced throughout their participation in the program were also described.
A Hybrid System Based on LSTM for Short-Term Power Load Forecasting

As the basic guarantee for the reliability and economic operations of state grid corporations, power load prediction plays a vital role in power system management. To achieve the highest possible prediction accuracy, many scholars have been committed to building reliable load forecasting models. However, most studies ignore the necessity and importance of data preprocessing strategies, which may lead to poor prediction performance. Thus, to overcome the limitations in previous studies and further strengthen prediction performance, a novel short-term power load prediction system, VMD-BEGA-LSTM (VLG), integrating a data pretreatment strategy, advanced optimization technique, and deep learning structure, is developed in this paper. The prediction capability of the new system is evaluated through simulation experiments that employ the real power data of Queensland, New South Wales, and South Australia. The experimental results indicate that the developed system is significantly better than other comparative systems and shows excellent application potential.
Inherent Antibacterial Activity of a Peptide-Based β-Hairpin Hydrogel

Among several important considerations for implantation of a biomaterial, a main concern is the introduction of infection. We have designed a hydrogel scaffold from the self-assembling peptide, MAX1, for tissue regeneration applications whose surface exhibits inherent antibacterial activity. In experiments where MAX1 gels are challenged with bacterial solutions ranging in concentrations from 2 × 103 colony forming units (CFUs)/dm2 to 2 × 109 CFUs/dm2, gel surfaces exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Results show that the hydrogel surface is active against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes) and Gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli) bacteria, all prevalent in hospital settings. Live−dead assays employing laser scanning confocal microscopy show that bacteria are killed when they engage the surface. In addition, the surface of MAX1 hydrogels was shown to cause inner and outer membrane disruption in experiments that moni.
Phone‐vehicle trajectory matching framework based on ALPR and cellular signalling data

Correspondence Ming Cai, Research Center of Intelligent Transportation Systems, School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Email: caiming@mail.sysu. edu.cn Abstract With the advancement of positioning techniques, a large amount of trajectory data has been produced. Matching vehicles with mobile phones using different trajectories can benefit many applications, such as driving behaviour analysis and travel mode split. Moreover, as a privacy attack method, it can provide theoretical inspiration for privacy protection theory. To address this problem, a new trajectory matching framework for processing massive Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) and cellular signalling data is proposed. Information entropy was adopted to address the movement frequency of trajectories and then the infrequent vehicles and phones that did not meet the threshold were pruned. Next, an effective matching algorithm was devised to match the trajectories of vehicles and mobile phones. Moreover, to solve the problem of obtaining a small number of matching results, a data augmentation algorithm was proposed to add new, matching records. Last, a classification model was constructed with LightGBM to determine whether the vehicle matches the phone. Experimental results on real datasets show that the framework outperforms typical techniques in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. The data obtained by data augmentation have distribution characteristics similar to those of the original data. The proposed classification model achieves an accuracy of 93.6%.
Factors and Inequality of Underweight and Overweight among Women of Reproductive Age in Myanmar: Evidence from the Demographic Health Survey 2015–2016

(1) Background: This study aims to identify the factors of underweight and overweight/obesity among reproductive age (15–49 years) women in Myanmar, and assess the level of inequity in the double burden of malnutrition. (2) Methods: The study used Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey 2015–2016 data. Multinomial logistic regression models were fitted to identify the factors affecting underweight and overweight/obesity; and concentration indices (CI) were estimated to assess socioeconomic inequalities. (3) Results: A total of 12,643 reproductive age women were included in the analysis. Higher risk of underweight was found in women aged 20–29 years, aged 30–39 years, and 40–49 years compared to women aged 15–19 years; women who were unemployed or had manual occupation relative to those in non-manual employment. Women aged 40–49 years (compared to those who were 15–29 years); had primary education, and secondary education (compared to those who had no education); being married, and widowed/divorced/separated (compared to being never married); belonging to the poor quintile, middle quintile, richer, richest quintile (compared to the poorest quintile); having residence in urban areas (compared to rural areas) and in Kachin, Taninthayi, Yangon province (than those who lived in Naypytiaw province) had a higher risk of being overweight/obese. Socioeconomic inequalities were detected, with overweight/obesity strongly concentrated (CI: 0.19) amongst the higher quintiles and underweight concentrated (CI: −0.060) amongst the poorest. (4) Conclusions: Equity oriented nutrition interventions with a focus on improving the socioeconomic status of poor households may benefit undernourished women, while richer households should be focused to curb the overweight/obesity problem.
Potensi penggunaan limbah ikan leubiem (Chanthidermis maculatus) sebagai sumber protein dalam ransum terhadap produktivitas itik petelur

Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi penggunaan limbah ikan leubiem ( Chanthidermis maculatus ) sebagai sumber protein dalam formulasi ransum terhadap produktivitas itik petelur. Limbah ikan leubiem yang digunakan adalah: tepung kulit, tulang, kepala dan insang yang diformulasikan dalam ransum basal itik petelur. Metode: Metode penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 5 perlakuan ransum dan 4 kali ulangan. Perlakuan ransum yang digunakan adalah: R0 (ransum basal kontrol/tanpa limbah ikan leubiem ), R1 (ransum basal mengandung 10% tepung kulit ikan leubiem ), R2 (ransum basal mengandung 10% tepung kepala ikan leubiem ), R3 (ransum basal mengandung 10% tepung tulang ikan leubiem ) dan R4 (ransum basal mengandung 10% tepung insang ikan leubiem ). Variabel yang diamati yaitu: konsumsi ransum, bobot badan pertama bertelur, pertambahan bobot badan, umur pertama bertelur, bobot telur pertama, produksi telur, konversi ransum, bobot badan akhir dan indeks bentuk telur. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan limbah ikan leubiem dalam ransum memberi pengaruh yang signifikan (p<0,05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, bobot badan pertama bertelur, pertambahan bobot badan, produksi telur, konversi ransum, dan bobot badan akhir, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap umur pertama bertelur, bobot telur pertama dan indeks bentuk telur. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian adalah penggunaan limbah ikan leubiem (kulit, kepala, tulang dan insang) dalam formulasi ransum tidak memberi efek negatif terhadap produktivitas itik petelur, dan sangat berpotensi digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan penyusun ransum sumber protein dalam formulasi ransum itik petelur umur 21-29 minggu.
Improving Performance of a Resonant String-Based Pulsation Attenuator in Hydraulic Systems

Hydraulic pulsation attenuators (HPA) are commonly used to suppress the noise and vibration in fluid power systems. However, most existing HPAs lack a reasonable optimization strategy and effective methods to improve the performance of HPAs. This paper proposes an adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm to speed up the geometry optimization process of a resonant string-based compound HPA (RSHPA), which was proposed in our previous work. Then, the study discusses the possibility of improving the performance of RSHPA by varying the configuration and location of the RSHPA. The experiment result validates the feasibility of the proposed optimization method for RSHPA.
Designing a Microstrip Patch Antenna in Part of Ultra-Wideband Applications

In this work, a simulated study was carried out for designing a novel spiral rectangular patch of microstrip antenna that is used in ultra-wideband applications by using a high frequency structure simulator software (HFSS). A substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4 and height 2.10 mm (commercial substrate height available is about 0.8-1.575 mm) has been used for the design of the proposed antenna. The design basis for enhancing bandwidth in the frequency range 6.63 10.93 GHz is based on increasing the edge areas that positively affect the antenna's efficiency. This design makes the designed antenna cost less by reducing the area of the patch. It has been noticed that the bandwidth of the antenna under this study is increasing to 4.30 GHz or 61% compared with 3.6% for the standard rectangular microstrip antenna with the same dimensions of the proposed antenna. The antenna also maintains the voltage standing wave ratio of 1.09 at resonant frequency 7.07 GHz, return loss -27.07 dB, and the amount of impedance in real and imaginary parts 51. 5Ω and 3. 3Ω, respectively.
A numerical study on the single pulsed energy addition based unsteady wave drag reduction at varied hypersonic flow regimes

In this study, unsteady wave drag reduction in hypersonic flowfield using pulsed energy addition is numerically investigated. A single energy pulse is considered to analyze the time-averaged drag reduction/pulse. The blast wave creation, translation and its interaction with shock layer are studied. As the wave drag depends only on the inviscid aspects of the flowfield, Euler part of a well-established compressible flow Navier-Stokes solver USHAS (Unstructured Solver for Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics) is employed for the present study. To explore the feasibility of pulsed energy addition in reducing the wave drag at different flight conditions, flight Mach numbers of 5.75, 6.9 and 8.0 are chosen for the study. An 60 ° apex angle blunt cone model is considered to be placed in such hypersonic streams, and steady-state drag and unsteady drag reductions are computed. The simulation results indicate that drag of the blunt-body can be reduced below the steady-state drag for a significant period of energy bubble-shock layer interaction, and the corresponding propulsive energy savings can be up to 9%. For energy pulse of magnitude 100mJ deposited to a spherical region of 2 mm radius, located 50 mm upstream of the blunt-body offered a maximum percentage of wave drag reduction in the case of Mach 8.0 flowfield. Two different flow features are found to be responsible for the drag reduction, one is the low-density core of the blast wave and the second one is the baroclinic vortex created due to the plasma energy bubble-shock layer interaction. For the same freestream stagnation conditions, these two flow features are noted to be very predominant in the case of high Mach number flow in comparison to Mach 5.75 and 6.9 cases. However, the ratio of energy saved to the energy consumed is noted as a maximum for the lower Mach number case.
Investigation of Gas-Phase Ozone as a Potential Biocide

Abstract Ozone has been used as a germicidal agent for drinking water since 1903, and its activity in the aqueous phase is well documented. However, despite the wide use of ozone generators for indoor air treatment, there is little research data on ozone's biocidal activity in the gas phase. This article presents experimental data on the effect of ozone on both vegetative and spore-forming fungi as well as a spore-forming bacterium. Dried suspensions of the test organisms were exposed to a range of ozone concentrations from 3 to 10 ppm in 50-L Teflon-coated stainless steel chambers. A two-phase study was performed. The first phase was an extensive series of tests on the efficacy of ozone itself. Tests using organisms deposited on glass slides to minimize losses of ozone were carried out under conditions of high (90%) and low (30%) relative humidity (RH). For the organisms used in this study, ozone concentrations in the range of 6 to almost 10 ppm were required for significant kill. Organisms exposed under.