Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The PHD/LAP-Domain Protein M153R of Myxomavirus Is a Ubiquitin Ligase That Induces the Rapid Internalization and Lysosomal Destruction of CD4

ABSTRACT The genomes of several poxviruses contain open reading frames with homology to the K3 and K5 genes of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and the K3 gene of murine gammaherpesvirus 68, which target major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) as well as costimulatory molecules for proteasomal or lysosomal degradation. The homologous gene product of myxomavirus (MV), M153R, was recently shown to reduce the cell surface expression of MHC-I. In addition, normal MHC-I surface expression was observed in cells infected with MV lacking M153R (J. L. Guerin, J. Gelfi, S. Boullier, M. Delverdier, F. A. Bellanger, S. Bertagnoli, I. Drexler, G. Sutter, and F. Messud-Petit, J. Virol. 76:2912-2923, 2002). Here, we show that M153R also downregulates the T-cell coreceptor CD4 and we study the molecular mechanism by which M153R achieves the downregulation of CD4 and MHC-I. Upon M153R expression, CD4 was rapidly internalized and degraded in lysosomes, whereas deletion of M153R from the genome of MV restored CD4 expression. The downregulation of both CD4 and MHC-I was dependent on the presence of lysine residues in their cytoplasmic tails. Increased ubiquitination of CD4 was observed upon coexpression with M153R in the presence of inhibitors of lysosomal acidification. Surface expression of CD4 was restored upon overexpression of Hrs, a ubiquitin interaction motif-containing protein that sorts ubiquitinated proteins into endosomes. Moreover, the purified PHD/LAP zinc finger of M153R catalyzed the formation of multiubiquitin adducts in vitro. Our data suggest that M153R acts as a membrane-bound ubiquitin ligase that conjugates ubiquitin to the cytoplasmic domain of substrate glycoproteins, with ubiquitin serving as a lysosomal targeting signal. Since a similar mechanism was recently proposed for KSHV K5, it seems that members of the unrelated families of gamma-2 herpesviruses and poxviruses share a common immune evasion mechanism that targets host cell immune receptors.
[The prevalence and risk factors for coronary stenosis in patients with cerebral infarction].

OBJECTIVE To study the morbidity rate of and relevance to coronary stenosis in cerebral infarction patients. METHODS CT coronary angiography was performed in 112 cases of cerebral infarction after CT cerebral angiography. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out between the clinical data and coronary stenosis. RESULTS In 112 cases receiving CT cerebral angiography, the morbidity rate of coronary stenosis was 46.4%. In 95 cerebral infarction patients, the morbidity rate of coronary stenosis was 51.6%. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, significant narrowing of cerebral artery were identified as independent predictors for coronary stenosis. CONCLUSIONS Heart examination with 64 row CT should be routinely performed after cerebral angiography in cerebral infarction patients, especially in those with age greater than 65 years, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and significant narrowing of cerebral artery so as to detect coronary stenosis early.
Recent invasion of the tropical Atlantic by an Indo‐Pacific coral reef fish

The last tropical connection between Atlantic and Indian–Pacific habitats closed c. 2 million years ago (Ma), with the onset of cold‐water upwelling off southwestern Africa. Yet comparative morphology indicates more recent connections in several taxa, including reef‐associated gobies (genus Gnatholepis). Coalescence and phylogenetic analyses of mtDNA cytochrome b sequences demonstrate that Gnatholepis invaded the Atlantic during an interglacial period ∼145 000 years ago (d = 0.0054), colonizing from the Indian Ocean to the western Atlantic, and subsequently to the central (∼100 000 years ago) and eastern Atlantic (∼30 000 years ago). Census data show a contemporary range expansion in the northeastern Atlantic linked to global warming.
Nomenclature and systems of classification for cardiomyopathy in children*

Abstract There has been a progressive evolution in systems of classification for cardiomyopathy, driven by advances in imaging modalities, disease recognition, and genetics, following initial clinical descriptions in the 1960s. A pathophysiological classification emerged and was endorsed by World Health Organisation Task Forces in 1980 and 1995: dilated, hypertrophic, restrictive, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathies; subdivided into idiopathic and disease-specific cardiomyopathies. Genetic advances have increasingly linked “idiopathic” phenotypes to specific mutations, although most linkages exhibit highly variable or little genotype–phenotype correlation, confounded by age-dependent changes and varying penetrance. The following two dominant classification systems are currently in use, with advocates in both continents. First, American Heart Association (2006): “A heterogeneous group of diseases of the myocardium associated with mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction that usually exhibit inappropriate ventricular hypertrophy or dilatation due to a variety of causes that frequently are genetic”. These are subdivided to those predominantly involving the heart – primary – due to genetic mutation, including ion channelopathies, acquired disease, or mixed; and those with systemic involvement in other organ systems – secondary. Second, European Society of Cardiology (2008): “A myocardial disorder in which heart muscle is structurally and functionally abnormal… sufficient to cause the observed myocardial abnormality”, with subdivision to familial and non-familial, excluding ion channelopathies, and split to specific disease subtypes and idiopathic. Further differences exist in the definitions for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; however, whichever high-level classification is used, the clinical reality remains phenotype driven. Clinical evaluation and diagnostic imaging dominate initial patient contact, revealing diagnostic red flags that determine further specific tests. Genetic testing is undertaken early. A recent attempt to harmonise these competing systems named the MOGE(S) system, based on descriptive logical nosology, currently remains unproven as a fully practical solution.
Very high coronary calcium score unmasks obstructive coronary artery disease in patients with normal SPECT MPI

Objectives To study the clinical impact of a very high coronary artery calcium score (CAC >1000) in patients with no known coronary artery disease (CAD) and normal single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). The secondary aim was to evaluate whether triple vessel disease would support the notion of balanced ischaemia as an underlying mechanism of false negative SPECT MPI in patients with very high CAC. Background No data exist on the clinical value of high CAC in patients with normal SPECT MPI. Methods 50 patients with suspected CAD and normal stress/rest SPECT MPI and CAC >1000 prospectively underwent invasive coronary angiography as the standard of reference. Coronary lesions with ≥50% luminal diameter narrowing on invasive coronary angiography were considered to represent significant stenosis. Results The median total CAC was 1975 (range 1018–8046). In 37/50 (74%) patients, coronary angiography revealed one-vessel disease (1-VD) (n=15), 2-VD (n=10) or 3-VD (n=12). Twenty-six revascularisations (percutaneous coronary intervention/coronary artery bypass grafting) were performed in seven (6/1), seven (6/1) and 12 (7/5) patients with 1-VD, 2-VD and 3-VD, respectively. Conclusions In patients with normal SPECT MPI, a CAC >1000 confers a high diagnostic added value for detecting CAD. This is not solely based on unmasking balanced ischaemia due to epicardial 3-VD, as it occurred predominantly in patients with 1-VD and 2-VD.
Arboviruses pathogenic for man in Brazil

The main aspects of the clinical manifestations and epidemiological data regarding human arboviruses in the Brazilian Amazon region are reviewed. Thirty-six arboviruses and other viruses of vertebrates have been associated with human disease among over 200 isolates made in Brazil. Five of them are important in public health and are involved in epidemics, they are the Dengue (DEN), Mayaro (MAY), Oropouche (ORO), Rocio (ROC) and Yellow Fever (YF) viruses. ORO and DEN are associated with epidemics of human disease in urban areas, while MAY, ROC and YF have been responsible for epidemics in rural areas. Usually, ORO cause a febrile disease, sometimes accompained by aseptic meningitis. MAY and DEN are associated with febrile disease and rash, while YF produces a hemorrhagic fever and ROC ia an agent resposible for encephalitis. Thirty-one other arboviruses are involved in rare and sporadic cases of febrile illness. All arboviruses (with the exception of DEN and arenaviruses) are maintained by a sylvatic cycle in the forest, where several species of hematophagous insects act as vectors and wild vertebrates are involved as hosts. DEN has a cycle in wich the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the vectors and man the vertebrate host. Arenaviruses are transmitted directly to man by rodents. With the exception of the five viruses associated with epidemics which are of great economical and social impact, and may be responsible for deaths, (e.g. of DEN, ROC and YF), the exact involvement of these viruses as systematic agents of human disease is unknown. Further studies are needed to clarify aspects of their epidemiology. Arenaviruses are directly transmitted to man by way of the excreta of infected rodents which are the reservoir-hosts of these viruses. Appropriate safety measures should be adopted when handling these viruses as they can be transmitted via the respiratory tract (droplet infection) (AU)
Epidemiology of Dietary Fibre and Colorectal Cancer: Current Status of the Hypothesis

The hypothesis that lack of dietary fibre in the diet is responsible for a variety of large bowel problems, including cancer, has stimulated much discussion and research over the past 15 years. However, the epidemiological examination of this hypothesis has been hampered by the absence of data on the fibre content of most of the world's foods. In Scandinavia and Britain where the consumption of the major chemical fraction of dietary fibre, the non-starch polysaccharides, has been measured using accurate methods, significant negative associations have been shown with colon cancer occurence. These studies suggest that non-starch polysaccharides may be protective in populations at otherwise high risk of colon cancer from an excess of meat and fat. However, methodological problems in the assessment of non-starch polysaccharide consumption in individuals preclude the use of case control studies in verifying these associations within a single homogeneous population.
Risk of breast cancer mortality among women cohabiting with same sex partners: findings from the National Health Interview Survey, 1997-2003.

BACKGROUND Lesbians and bisexual women are more likely than other women to evidence a unique mix of common breast cancer risk factors. It is not known if this results in greater breast cancer mortality risk. We investigate possible sexual orientation-related differences in risk for fatal breast cancer in a large representative U.S. sample of married and cohabiting women. METHODS Between 1997 and 2003, the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) interviewed married or cohabiting female participants, aged 18-80 years inclusively, who reported either a male (n=136,174) or female (n=693) coresidential relationship partner. These records are linked to the National Death Index to provide information on mortality status as of December 31, 2006. Employing these data, we estimated the age-adjusted relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) for mortality attributed to breast cancer using a Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS Women in same-sex couples, compared to women in different-sex relationships, had greater age-adjusted risk for fatal breast cancer (RR=3.2, CI 1.01-10.21) but did not differ in their overall risk for mortality. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide tentative support that sexual orientation is differentially linked to risk of fatal breast cancer. These findings underscore the need to investigate further breast cancer morbidity and mortality risk among women with minority sexual orientation.
CRESCIMENTO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE OVINOS CORRIEDALE NÃO CASTRADOS, CASTRADOS E CRIPTORQUIDAS ABATIDOS COM DIFERENTES PESOS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NON CASTRATED, CASTRATED AND CRYPTORCHID CORRIEDALE SHEEPS SLAUGHTERED WITH DIFFERENT WEIGHT

This study was carried out to verify the effect of castration, slaughter age, their interactions and live weight of slaughter upon growth and development of non castrated, castrated and induced cryptorchids Corriedale sheeps. Fifty seven animals were used, raised on natural pastures in Pedras Altas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. AZEREDO et al. Crescimento e desenvolvimento de ovinos corriedale não castrados, castrados e criptorquidas abatidos com diferentes pesos 344 R. bras. Agrociência, Pelotas, v. 11, n. 3, p. 339-345, jul-set, 2005 Animals were weighted every 30 days before slaughter, and were separated of ewes at 120 days of age. Twenty one were slaughtered at 120 days of age (7 non castrated, 7 castrated and 7 cryptorchids), 18 at 210 days of age (6 non castrated, 6 castrated and 6 cryptorchids) and 18 at 360 days of age (3 non castrated, 7 castrated and 8 cryptorchids). Through variance analisis of data, it was verified the castration effect on growth and body components percentage, also the slaughter weight effect on development. For this the animals were grouped between three weight amplitudes: 16,2 to 21,5 kg; 21,7 to 26,4 kg; and 27,2 to 32,0 kg. Growth was similar between non castrated, castrated and cryptorchid lambs. Regarding to development, it was verified that with the live weight improve, there was a reduction of the body components proportion on the three groups. Thus, the sheeps with lower weight showed a higher carcass and skin proportion, more valued components. We can conclude that there must be difference on sheep valorization, regarding body components proportion.
On energy efficiency optimization in downlink MIMO-NOMA

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising technique for the fifth generation mobile communication system due to its high spectral efficiency (SE). Previous works focus on user scheduling or/and power allocation to achieve the maximization of sum rate. However, the energy efficiency (EE) has not been well studied for NOMA systems. In this paper, we aim to optimize user scheduling and power allocation to maximize the EE of the downlink multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) NOMA system. There are two scheduling schemes with low complexity and signaling overhead. In the signal space alignment (SSA) based user scheduling scheme, we use the SSA with reference signal space to schedule the users. In the max-collinearity user scheduling approach, we schedule the users considering maximum collinearity among users. Furthermore, we use the sequential convex approximation (SCA) to transform the original optimal problem into a convex optimization problem, so that an optimal power allocation strategy can be obtained. The results show that our algorithms can achieve higher EE when the transmitting power is relatively low. Besides, the sum rate of the center users is higher using the second scheduling approach.
Point- and curve-based geometric conflation

Geometric conflation is the process undertaken to modify the coordinates of features in dataset A in order to match corresponding ones in dataset B. The overwhelming majority of the literature considers the use of points as features to define the transformation. In this article we present a procedure to consider one-dimensional curves also, which are commonly available as Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) tracks, routes, coastlines, and so on, in order to define the estimate of the displacements to be applied to each object in A. The procedure involves three steps, including the partial matching of corresponding curves, the computation of some analytical expression, and the addition of a correction term in order to satisfy basic cartographic rules. A numerical example is presented.
LES CONTAMINANTS DANS LES MILIEUX RECEPTEURS SOUS FORTE PRESSION URBAINE

Ce document synthetise l'ensemble de mes activites de recherche depuis mon doctorat a l'Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (actuellement AgroParisTech), obtenu en 2001, jusqu'a mes travaux les plus recents et en cours effectues au Laboratoire Environnement Eau et Systemes Urbains (LEESU) ou je suis maitre de conferences depuis mon recrutement en 2002. Le LEESU est un laboratoire commun a l'Universite Paris-Est Creteil Val de Marne (UPEC), l'Ecole des Ponts Paris Tech, l'Universite Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallee (UPEMLV) et AgroParisTech. L'ensemble de mes recherches s'inscrit dans un contexte scientifique coherent puisque mes activites ont toujours traite de la biogeochimie des elements traces metalliques dans l'environnement. J'ai aborde la problematique des metaux dans les sols pollues durant mon travail de doctorat. Depuis mon recrutement au LEESU, je travaille sur les metaux dans les systemes aquatiques et, notamment, leurs sources et leur speciation dans le milieu recepteur. Ce manuscrit comporte classiquement trois parties. En premier lieu, je decris le contexte scientifique correspondant a mes themes de recherche. Dans un second temps, j'expose mes differentes activites et les principaux resultats obtenus. Pour finir, je presente mes perspectives de recherche pour les annees qui viennent.
Early Reversal of Profound Rocuronium-induced Neuromuscular Blockade by Sugammadex in a Randomized Multicenter Study: Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics

Background:Sugammadex reverses the neuromuscular blocking effects of rocuronium by chemical encapsulation. The efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of sugammadex for reversal of profound rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade were evaluated. Methods:Ninety-eight male adult patients were randomly assigned to receive sugammadex (1, 2, 4, 6, or 8 mg/kg) or placebo at 3, 5, or 15 min after 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium. Patients were anesthetized with propofol and fentanyl. The primary endpoint of the study was the time to achieve a recovery of train-of-four ratio to 0.9. Neuromuscular blockade was measured using acceleromyography. Concentrations of rocuronium and sugammadex were determined in venous blood and urine samples. A population pharmacokinetic model using NONMEM (GloboMax LLC, Hanover, MD) was applied. Results:The mean time to recovery of the train-of-four ratio to 0.9 after dosing at 3, 5, and 15 min decreased from 52.1, 51.7, and 35.6 min, respectively, after administration of placebo to 1.8, 1.5, and 1.4 min, respectively, after 8 mg/kg sugammadex. Sugammadex was safe and well tolerated. However, 20.4% of patients showed signs of inadequate anesthesia after its administration. The median cumulative excretion of rocuronium in the urine over 24 h was 26% in the placebo group and increased to 58–74% after 4–8 mg/kg sugammadex. The mean plasma clearances of sugammadex and rocuronium were 0.084 and 0.26 l/min, respectively. Conclusions:In male subjects, sugammadex safely reversed profound neuromuscular blockade induced by 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium in a dose-dependent manner. Sugammadex enhanced the renal excretion of rocuronium, and its clearance is approximately one third that of rocuronium.
Analysis of Epidermal Lipids of the Healthy Human Skin: Factors Affecting the Design of a Control Population

The intervariability of studies on the lipids of human epidermis and stratum corneum is high because of the different origin of the skin samples and the variety of extraction methods used. In the present work, a high-performance thin-layer chromatographic technique has been used to study the parameters age, sex, and anatomical site for their effects on the lipid profiles recovered from healthy epidermal skin biopsy specimens. It was found that sex-related differences were seen at the level of the total ceramide concentration. Observed decreases in lipid concentration, due to ageing, depended on the anatomical site. Therefore, these variables should be controlled in a reproducible and standardized way in order to be able to study the direct relationship between skin condition and barrier lipid composition. Only when this relation is established, results of topical treatment can be scientifically evaluated.
Inducing single-cell suspension of BTI-TN5B1-4 insect cells: I. The use of sulfated polyanions to prevent cell aggregation and enhance recombinant protein production.

Sulfated polyanions have been successfully used to rapidly obtain and maintain stable single-cell suspension of BTI-TN5B1-4 cells, a cell line which has a high intrinsic capacity for recombinant protein production but clumps severely in suspension reducing its effectiveness as a host for foreign protein production with the baculovirus expression vector system. The efficacy of inducing single-cell suspension correlated positively with the increase in sulfation of the added polyanion. Unsulfated polyanions, neutral polymers, polycations, disaccharides, and monosaccharides were ineffective in inducing single-cell suspension.Elimination of clumping in suspension culture by adding a dispersing agent can lead to enhanced recombinant protein production. Inducing single-cell suspension with dextran sulfate, a highly sulfated polyanion, resulted in a four-fold increase in volumetric yield of the recombinant glycosylated protein, human secreted alkaline phosphatase, and a two-fold increase in volumetric yield of the recombinant cytoplasmic protein, beta-galactosidase. High yields of 82 U/ml (ca. 110 mg/L) for alkaline phosphatase, and 705 U/mL (ca. 2.3 g/L) for beta-galactosidase under elevated oxygen have been obtained. The optimum volumetric yield of alkaline phosphatase in BTI-TN5B1-4 dextran sulfate cells under elevated oxygen but unsupplemented medium is 6 to 11-fold higher than attached cultures, and 3-fold higher than the best yield obtained for SF21 cells in suspension at elevated oxygen and with nutrient supplementation. More importantly, cells can be infected at high density without complications from aggregation, which has important implications for scale-up.