Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morpho-physiological Changes in Chilli under Drought and Heat Stress

Drought spells and heat stress have become quite common and agricultural production would experience a lag in near future. The combined effect of heat and drought stress is expected to cause negative impact on crop growth. Hence, an experiment was framed to assess the morphological and photosynthetic characters of chilli under combined drought and heat stress. Three different genotypes of chilli viz., K1, TNAU chilli hybrid CO 1, Ramanathapuram gundu were subjected to seven drought and temperature treatments. The experiment was designed in factorial completely randomized design (FCRD) at temperature controlled Open Top Chambers (OTC) and drought stress was gravimetically assesed. The results showed that, morphology and photosynthetic characters were affected irrespective of genotypes. The maximum reduction in plant height and leaf area was observed when plants were grown under 40% pot capacity and temperature of + 5°C from the ambient condition. The study also revealed that, the reduction of gas exchange parameters at Original Research Article Rajeswari et al.; CJAST, 39(47): 68-77, 2020; Article no.CJAST. 64314 69 40% PC and A + 5°C with yield reduction of almost 76 per cent irrespective of genotypes. Stress treatments reduced the fruit length, fruit diameter compared to control in all genotypes. Stress Tolerence Index was calculated to study the physiological basis under combined drought and heat stress. The optimum level of stress by STI of 0.501 in 60% PC and A+ 3°C was standardized to study the basic physiological functions of chilli.
The Role and Effectiveness of Corporate Social Responsibility Assurance in a Mandatory Setting: Professional Accountants’ Perceptions

Firms using corporate social responsibility assurance (or CSRA) recruit an external and independent third party to undertake assurance of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) information that they disclose. From a theoretical perspective, CSRA may play a role within two distinct mechanisms: the signaling mechanism, whereby CSRA signals both the quality of the disclosed information and firms’ CSR performance, and the legitimizing mechanism, whereby CSRA is strategically used as a ‘sophisticated’ compliance exercise. Thus, while the signaling theory predicts that CSRA should provide the expected benefits for its intended users, studies based on the legitimacy theory question the effectiveness of CSRA. In an attempt to disentangle which mechanism is dominant, this study investigates how professional accountants, as assurance providers, perceive CSRA and its effectiveness. We use an online questionnaire survey involving a between-subjects experimental design with 104 French professional accountants as participants. The quantitative and qualitative results suggest, in line with legitimacy theory, that CSRA is used more as a compliance exercise than as an effective signal. We advance the idea that in the French setting, in which CSRA is mandatory, it is used by firms to create the illusion of transparency by complying with disclosure requirements. However, we offer an alternative interpretation by arguing that some professional accountants may in fact seek to resist the implementation of mandatory CSRA using a strategy of justification.
Influence of level of intellectual challenge of children and gender on burnout among caregivers of mentally challenged children and adolescents

This study investigated the influence of level of intellectual challenge of children and gender on burnout among one hundred and sixty-three (163) caregivers of intellectually challenged children and adolescent, drawn from St Joseph’s Comprehensive Secondary School, Uwani, Enugu and Therapeutic Day-Care Centre Abakpa Nike Enugu. Maslach Burnout Inventory was used for data collection, and the respondents also indicated whether the persons under their care were educable or non-educable. A 2-way analysis of variance was used for data analysis. Result showed that the level of intellectual challenge of children had a significant influence on burnout of caregivers of the intellectual challenged children, F(163) = 5.49, p< . 05, with the group who were educable reporting more burnout. There was also gender differences in burnout of caregivers of intellectually challenged children, F(163) = 6.08, p<. 05, with men reporting more burnout than women. The interaction effect of level of intellectual challenge of children and gender on burnout of caregivers was significant, F(163 = 4.14, p<.05). The results of the study were discussed, the implication of the study highlighted, and suggestions proffered for further study.
Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ) Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Abstract This study sought to develop a new architectural design methodology for educational facilities. The design factors of inclusive schools built environment affect the self-efficacy of students with special needs. Self-efficacy being defined by Albert Bandura as one's belief in one's ability to succeed completing specific tasks in a certain environmental action. This research is conducted by following the sequential explanatory research design, surveyed by a mixed method. Participants were a group of 35 special education teachers and 25 students with special needs, conveniently selected from some schools in Lebanon. The two questionnaires and the individual interviews administered by the researcher formed the outcome of the study. Findings ascertain the importance of suitable school architecture, for the sake of increasing the self-efficacy of students with special needs in order to enhance special education standards in Lebanese schools. The Reciprocal Method is a new deterministic design framework in architecture that seeks for innovative design in educational facilities in direction of universal standards.
Xerostomia Severity and Quality of Life After Nasopharyngeal Cancer Radiotherapy: Intensity Modulated vs Two-dimensional Radiation Therapy in Indonesia

Introduction : Two-dimensional technique (2DRT) is most commonly used in Indonesia. This technique causes severe late toxicity particularly in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). Radiation techniques such as Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3DCRT) provide larger doses at the site of NPC while preserving normal tissue. This study aims to compare late side effects and quality of life (QoL) between IMRT and 2DRT groups. Method : This was a cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling. Salivae samples were collected at least 6 months after last radiation date. Xerostomia severity were determined by measuring whole saliva flow rate which then categorized based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) core questionnaire and EORTC head and neck module (QLQ-H&N35) wereused to assess QoL. Result: The IMRT group had higher saliva flow rate than 2DRT group (1,085 ±0,409 vs 0,188 ± 0,219 stimulated, 0,500±0,254 vs 0,196 ±0,156 unstimulated, p<0.001). According to CTCAE, IMRT group experienced less grades 2 and 3 of xerostomia compared to 2DRT group (p<0.05). Moderate correlation between recovery time and saliva flow rate (p<0.05) was found in IMRT group at least 6 months after last radiation date. QLO-C30 scores were higher in IMRT group than those in 2DRT group, particularly in global health status, physical functioning, emotional functioning, pain and insomnia (p<0.05). IMRT group scored better in several QLQ-H&N35 subscales namely head and neck pain, swallowing, speech problems, trouble with social eating, trouble with social contact, dry mouth (p<0.05) and sticky saliva (p<0.001). Conclusion : IMRT was significantly superior to 2DRT in preserving and sparing the salivary gland especially parotid and improving quality of life . Thus, we recommend to treat NPC cases in Indonesia with IMRT to reduce toxicity of the treatment and improve quality of life, as it commonly affects people at productive age.
The effect of an anti-slip surface on objective measures of tongue strength in healthy adults

Purpose: Instrumental assessments of tongue strength have provided clinicians with the ability to obtain quantitative measures to document lingual weakness. A technical challenge with a common instrument is that the surface of the of the bulb-shaped sensor is smooth and can be slippery when contacted by the tongue. This study evaluated whether adding a textured layer to the bulb leads to enhanced strength measures in neurologically normal adults. Methods: Maximum-effort maneuvers for anterior and posterior tongue elevation, right and left tongue lateralization, and tongue protrusion were available from 62 healthy adults using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). The IOPI tongue bulb was either bare or covered with a single layer of gauze. The maximum pressure (Pmax) exerted on the bulb from three trials was used as the outcome variable for each task. Results: In addition to significant main effects for both bulb-cover and task, there was a significant interaction between the use of gauze and the direction of the tongue-strength maneuver. Pmax was significantly greater when a gauze-covered bulb was used for tongue lateralization and protrusion but not for tongue elevation maneuvers. Conclusion: Using a single-layer of gauze on the smooth tongue-bulb helped reduce slippage of the tongue and resulted in greater Pmax values when evaluating tongue strength in the lateral and protrusive directions, but not for tongue elevation. Efforts to develop a more permanent solution to texturizing the bulb’s surface are needed.
SURVIVAL AND PROGNOSIS OF PATIENTS WITH CUTANEOUS MELANOMA ON EXTREMITIES

Advanced melanoma is an aggressive, deadly disease and has a high detrimental impact on patients and society, primarily due to premature death. The aim of this study was to present the overall survival (OS) in cutaneous melanoma patients with upper and lower extremities primary tumor site, and to obtain as accurate as possible an estimation of survival for these patients. A total of 100 patients with primary malignant skin melanoma on the extremities, clinically negative and clinically positive regional lymph nodes metastasis with no evidence of distant disease were analyzed. Five and 10-year overall survival were calculated with log rank analysis to determine significant differences. Prognostic factors were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard analysis. Five-year and 10-year overall survival of all patients included in the study was 72.7% and 45%, respectively. Ten-year OS of patients with clinically unpalpable nodal metastases, but pathologically evident, was 76.9% compared to 20.5% in patients with clinically palpable nodal metastases. In patients with positive regional lymh nodes metastasis, regional lymph nodes tumor burden was dominant predictor of overall survival in a model based on age, gender, localization of the primary tumor, regional lymph nodes tumor burden and N categorization of the patients. Macrometastatic regional lymph nodes tumor burden increased the hazard ratio of death by 4.26 times compared to micrometastatic regional lymph nodes tumor burden. Our results highlight the importance of nodal status early diagnosis as well as the necessity for individual approach to each patient.
Topical Mastic Oil for Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized Triple-Blind Controlled Trial

Background: The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the effect of topical mastic oil, compared to placebo on treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD). Materials and Methods: Sixty-three patients with FD were included. Thirty-two subjects received the topical mastic oil (10 drops/TDS after meal) with massage and 31 patients received topical sesame oil with massage. Both groups received pantoprazole (40 mg daily) along with oil and massage. The severity of early satiation, postprandial fullness, epigastric pain and epigastric burning was assessed after 4 weeks using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) as well as frequency of symptoms. Satisfaction with the treatment was also assessed using a researcher-made questionnaire. Changes in the severity of symptoms were evaluated by Friedman’s test. Results: Mean and standard deviation of age of the subjects were equal to 36.95±13.64 and 50 (79.4%) patients were female. Both groups experienced a significant decrease in the severity of all the four symptoms (P<0.001). The percentage of decrease in the severity of early satiation was significantly higher in the mastic group than the control group (76.03±34.91% vs. 37.24±38.86%, P=0.003). No significant differences were found in the percentage of decrease in the severity of postprandial fullness, epigastric pain and burning between the study groups (P=0.05, 0.06, and 0.13, respectively). The frequency of symptoms was decreased similarly in both groups. Satisfaction with the treatment was reported to be significantly higher in the mastic group than the sesame group (P=0.01). There were no intolerable side effects in both groups. Conclusion: Mastic oil reduced early satiation better than the placebo. In addition, satisfaction with the treatment was higher in the mastic group than the sesame group. [GMJ.2021;10:e1965]
PARTICULARITIES OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN A CASE OF SYNCHRONOUS COLORECTAL CANCER

In literature, synchronous colorectal cancer refers to the simultaneous presence of two or moremalignant lesions located along different segments of the large intestine or separated by at least 4cm, detected either pre-, intraoperatively or after maximum 6 months since a surgery addressed to acolon tumor. The incidence of synchronous tumors is approximately 3,5% of all cases of colorectalcarcinoma, while in others it reaches up to 8,4%. It is believed that this difference is mainly due tofalse negative results. The present paper presents the case of a 75-year-old patient, with a history ofessential hypertension and type 2 insulin-requiring diabetes who came to the emergency roomaccusing diffuse abdominal pain and bloating accompanied by the absence of intestinal transit forfecal matter over the past 6 days and an episode of vomiting. The results of the investigationscorrelated with the patient’s symptomatology indicate the diagnosis of bowel obstruction. Theexploratory laparotomy reveals an ulcero- vegetative, partially stenotic mass lesion in the sigmoidcolon with a diameter of about 5/6 cm. A second ulcero-vegetative, stenotic mass was identified atthe hepatic flexure of the colon with a diameter of approximately 8/7 cm. No metastatic lesions onthe liver or in the abdominal cavity were noted. Right hemicolectomy with end-to-endileotransverse-anastomosis and end-to-end colorectal anastomosis were performed. The presentpaper aims to expose the particular aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of bowel obstruction bysynchronous tumors on a patient with abdominal symptomatology attenuated on the background ofneurological complications of diabetes.
THE COST OF TARIFF AND NON-TARIFF PROTECTION IN COLOMBIA: A COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM EXERCISE

Computable General Equilibrium Models can be considered as a theoretical tool having great utility when simulating the great diversity of economic adjustments arising from exogenous shocks in an economy. Upon modeling the behavior of both the productive sectors and the macroeconomic sources of demand, these models have the capacity to capture interrelations and forces that enhance or mitigate the macroeconomic impact of a measure of economic or trade policy. The strength of these models underlies in estimating the redistribution of resources between different demand sectors and sources, generated from an efficient allocation of existing resources in the economy; thus, from a Base scenario, which describes a state of equilibrium in the economy, they are able to generate a scenario against factual and simulate sector redistribution as a result of an exogenous shock.
Image Fusion based on Cross Bilateral and Rolling Guidance Filter through Weight Normalization

Image Fusion is the method which conglomerates complimentary information from the source images to a single fused image . There are numerous applications of image fusion in the current scenario such as in remote sensing, medical diagnosis, machine vision system, astronomy, robotics, military units, biometrics, and surveillance. In this case multi-sensor or multi-focus devices capture images of the particular scene which are complementary in the context of information content to each other. The details from complementary images are combined through the process of fusion into a single image by applying the algorithmic formulas. The main goal of image fusion is to fetch more and proper information from the primary or source images to the fused image by minimizing the loss of details of the images and by doing so to decrease the artifacts in the final image. In this paper, we proposed a new method to fuse the images by applying a cross bilateral filter for gray level similarities and geometric closeness of the neighboring pixels without smoothing edges. Then, the detailed images obtained by subtracting the cross bilateral filter image output from original images are being filtered through the rolling guidance filter for scale aware operation. In particular, it removes the small-scale structures while preserving the other contents of the image and successfully recovers the edges of the detailed images. Finally, the images have been fused using a weighted computed algorithm and weight normalization. The results have been validated and compared with various existing state-of-the-art methods both subjectively and quantitatively. It was observed that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods of image fusion.
Genome-wide association study and gene ontology for growth and wool characteristics in Zandi sheep

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is a major procedure for studying the genetics of complex economically important traits in sheep. The objective of this study was to determine the genomic regions affecting some growth traits and wool characteristics in Zandi sheep. This study is GWAS implementing a medium-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel to determine the putative chromosome area affecting some growth and wool traits in a fat-tailed sheep breed, simultaneously. We used a selective genomic approach sampling DNA from animals at the extreme ends using the estimated breeding values derived from a total population size of over 5,000 animals. The examined phenotypic data included the birth weight, weaning weight, 6, 9, and 12-months after birth weight, pre- and post-weaning average daily gain, fiber diameter (micron), prickle factor (%), staple length (mm), kemp (%) and medullated fiber. Genome-wide association analyses were performed based on the mixed linear model. Twenty-three regions, in which four were associated with more than one trait, located on 12 chromosomeswere associated with the studied growth and wool traits (p <­5×10−6). These genomic regions overlapping with KCNIP4, PPARGC1A, ASAP1, ANK2, WWOX, SYNE1, FBXO5, AKAP6, FABP3, ANGPTL4, ATP6V1B2, PARK2, and KRTAP11-1 genes, were associated with postnatal growth, regulation of metabolic pathways, skeletal muscle differentiation, and bone growth. Gene ontology term enrichment analysis revealed that genes involved in positive regulation of muscle structure, and muscle tissue development were over-represented in the identified candidate genes.
SECURITY AND COPYRIGHT PROTECTION TECHNIQUE FOR DIGITAL IMAGE

— The information’s are transformed from transference spot to the destination spot through the digital communication. For maintaining the quality of images and transferring the information’s, there are many techniques. And also the information’s may be in different forms like audio, images, graphics, messages, animated forms or texts. While transferring the information from one medium to another medium there is need for security and copyright protection. Here, for the experiment 2 dimensional images are used. To provide security and copyright protections services there many different types of techniques. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) techniques is used to provide the security services and the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is combined watermarking technique is used for copyright protection services. To provide security, authenticity, copyright protection to the images for the different attacks like salt and pepper noise, speckle noise, Gaussian noise and poisson noises, the combined digital image watermarking and AES technique is used.
In vitro callogenesis for the induction of somatic embryogenesis and antioxidant production in Eugenia uniflora

Eugenia uniflora is an American tree species with ecological, agronomical and medicinal importance. However, just few studies have focused on the in vitro propagation and production of secondary metabolites. This study investigated the explant sources and culture conditions for the in vitro callogenesis in E. uniflora towards induction of somatic embryogenesis and production of antioxidant compounds. Nodal segments, leaf sections and root segments from in vitro germinated seeds were used as explants and eight different combinations of auxins (2,4-D or NAA) and cytokinins (BAP or TDZ) were tested for the callus induction. The best callogenic response was observed in nodal segments, followed by leaf sections. Root segments presented comparatively poorer callogenic performance. Calli from nodal segments cultivated in MS medium with NAA (10 μM) + TDZ (5 μM) originated putative pro-embryogenic structures, while the culture in liquid medium using MS supplemented with NAA (10 μM) + TDZ (5 μM) revealed significantly higher content of phenols and flavonoids, as well as higher reducing capacity than the tested treatments and the control (fresh leaves). In summary, the calli obtained from nodal segments revealed competence for somatic embryogenesis induction and development as well as the production of secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical potential.
Effect of Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) Plasma treatment on the Polypropylene film in presence of air and nitrogen at atmospheric pressure

The plasma treatment is an efficient method used for improving wettability of the polymer film surface and increasing the surface roughness. In this paper, polypropylene (PP) films are modified by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) Plasma in the presence of air and nitrogen separately at atmospheric pressure. The plasma-modified surfaces are characterized by contact angle measurements, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS). Results show a remarkable increase in hydrophilicity due to the implantation of oxygen and nitrogen containing groups in these modified polypropylene films. Atomic oxygen, atomic nitrogen, OH radicals, and ions, which are presented in the discharge, create radicals at the polymer surface, which can react with oxygen and nitrogen species, resulting in formation of oxygen and nitrogen containing functionalities on the polymer surface. It is shown that plasma in the nitrogen atmosphere is more efficient in etching and implanting functionalities than air plasma.