Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Women’s Pathways to Serious and Habitual Crime

Qualitative approaches for identifying and characterizing women’s pathways to crime are being augmented by quantitative methods. This study applies quantitative taxonomic methods in disaggregating a large sample of women offenders from a prison population to identify diverse pathway prototypes. An array of gender-responsive and gender-neutral factors and full criminal histories was used to characterize each pathway. Cross-sample and cross-method replication tests demonstrated the stable replication of these pathways. The identified prototypes were related to the prior literature, including Daly’s pathway models, Moffitt’s developmental taxonomy, and several prior taxonomic studies of women’s pathways. Eight reliable pathways were identified that were nested within four broad, superordinate pathway categories. Substantial links to the prior pathways literature were noted, although greater complexity was found to exist in the eight identified pathways.
Fractured Anterior Tooth Using Direct Composite Restoration : A Case Report

Crown fractures are common among schoolchildren. They create serious functional, aesthetic and psychological problems. The clinicians must propose high aesthetics in the front part and the choice of exact treatment plan. Repeated reconstructions are needed in many cases because of compromised results as time passed by. Achievement of promising restoration that preserves its aesthetics and strength is the greatest desire for both children and their parents. In the present article, an esthetic rehabilitation of fractured anterior teeth restored with direct composite resin is presented.
Caregivers’ sleep of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy’s patients: a short review

The task of a caregiver might exert several effects upon his/her physical and psychological health. It should be highlight the role of the caregiving mother (CM) of patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). DMD is a genetic-character disease with a prevalence of 1 to every 3,500 boys live births and with high mortality rate. The disease ́s progression significantly compromises the quality of life and mainly the patient ́s independence, making it indispensible the presence of a caregiver. The overload of physical and emotionoal work, including nocturnal periods, may interfere with the CM ́s sleep. CM with a son with DMD demonstrated lower sleep efficiency, higher sleep latency, and reported poor sleep quality. These modifications might negatively interfere with health and quality of life of these CMs. Therefore, the evaluation of sleep pattern and quality in this subjects is most important and essential, being for their own global health, as well as for the patient ́s well-being. We point out the need for a major interest from the scientific community and health professionals in better understand the impact of chronic diseases on health and quality of life of caregivers and patients. Correspondence to: Monica Levy Andersen, Rua Napoleão de Barros 925, 04024-002, São Paulo/SP, Brazil, Tel: +55 (11) 2149-0155; Fax: +55 (11) 55725092; E-mail: ml.andersen12@gmail.com
Exploring the Relationship Between Honesty-Humility, the Big Five, and Liberal Values in Swedish Students

Previous research on the Five-Factor model (Big Five) reports a relationship between personality traits and liberal values, and the trait Agreeableness has demonstrated the strongest relationship. The HEXACO model offers a complement to the Five-factor model with an additional sixth trait of Honesty-Humility. Previous research on the Honesty-Humility trait has reported mixed results with liberal values, and this study set out to resolve this. The work presented here explored the relationship between the Honesty-Humility trait on facet-level (Sincerity, Fairness, Greed-avoidance and Modesty) and liberal values (equality for women, minorities, and socio-economical groups). Data from Swedish students (N = 202), known for their individualistic and liberal mindset, were sampled. There was an overall positive correlation between Honesty-Humility and the strength of liberal values (r = .36), and Honesty-Humility predicted liberal values beyond Agreeableness. We discuss these results in terms of the significance of traits and values in a culture that promotes both individualism and equality.
OPTIMIZATION OF LIPID PRODUCTION BY OLEAGINOUS YEAST USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

The effects of growth parameters of Rhodotorula graminis TISTR 5124 in batch fermentation were studied and optimized for lipid production by using response surface methodology via a BoxBehnken Design. Values of the fermentation parameters affecting the lipid production were varied as follows: carbon sources (glucose, glucose and glycerol and glycerol), temperatures (28, 30, and 32 o C) and shaking speeds (150, 200, 250 rpm). Fermentation was carried out in 100 mL Erlenmeyer flasks with a 24 h cultivation time. After eliminating insignificant terms, we found that a good fit (R 2 = 0.7555) for lipid production was given by the quadratic regression relationship:Lipid = (4.00* Temperature)- (4.75*Carbon) + (0.70*Shaking speed) – (0.02*Temperature*Shaking speed) -116.0. The results showed that lipid production was significantly influenced by carbon source (p < 0.0001). For the range of conditions studied, we found that the highest yield of lipid was 17.40 g/L, which was obtained using glycerol as sole carbon source at 10 g/L, a temperature of 28 o C and a shaking speed of 239 rpm. We found that a good fit (R 2
Carbon Dioxide as a Tool to Deter the Movement of Invasive Bigheaded Carps

AbstractNonnative bigheaded carps are established in the Mississippi River and there is substantial concern about their potential entry into the interconnected Laurentian Great Lakes. While electrical barriers currently exist as a preventative measure, there is need for additional control mechanisms to promote barrier security through redundancy. We tested the effectiveness of infused carbon dioxide gas (CO2) as a tool to influence the movement and behavior invasive bigheaded carps, namely Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Silver Carp H. molitrix, as well as native Bigmouth Buffalo Ictiobus cyprinellus, Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus, Paddlefish Polyodon spathula, and Yellow Perch Perca flavescens in an experimental pond. Individuals were monitored with acoustic telemetry before, during, and after CO2 addition to the pond. We noted distinct changes in fish behavior following CO2 addition. Each species except Paddlefish maintained farther distances from the CO2 infusion manifold relative to .
Introducing a hospital wide multidisciplinary-interprofessional training program Challenges of the TeAMS program.

Introduction: Maintaining high standards of multidisciplinary-interprofessional collaboration is imminent in a complex in-hospital healthcare system. Training of healthcare teams helps to improve healthcare quality. This paper describes the TeAMS-program (Training and Assessment of Medical Specialists) of VU University Medical Center which aims to improve non-technical skills necessary for working in multidisciplinary-interprofessional teams. Material and Methods: A hospital broad program was created. The philosophy of the program was: "Train the teams that actually work together, train scenarios relevant for those teams, train skills that can be applied immediately". The training was mandatory for medical specialists with a key performance indicator of 80% participation per year. Training-types were created for 1) acute situations 2) complex situations and 3) regular situations. A robust quality assurance system and a faculty development and maintenance program were installed. The TeAMS program was embedded in the organizational structure of the hospital. Results: Seventy-five training sessions were conducted. Thirty-seven different specialisms participated and 593 professionals were trained in 2 years. Logistical, organizational difficulties and inability to participate were key factors for not reaching the goal. Adjustments were made to the program based on the input of the stakeholders and the program committee. Rating was >8 on a scale of 10. Nearly 99% of the respondents stated that they would recommend the training to colleagues. Discussion and Conclusion: The TeAMS program of VUmc, is a unique multidisciplinary-interprofessional team training program for non-technical skills, mandatory for all medical specialists. The program reached all different medical specialisms, throughout the hospital. Embedding the program in the organizational structure of the hospital assured stability and continuity. A robust system of quality maintenance helped in achieving these results. The training-types have been designed using relevant clinical settings and scenarios. This tailor-made approach was highly appreciated by the participants. Logistics and finances were challenging.
Diabetes in the Elderly Adults: Characteristics in Black African Diabetic Patients in Cotonou –Benin

Results: A total of 478 patients were hospitalized during the study period and 135 were 65 years or older making a prevalence rate of elderly diabetic patients of 28.20%. Mean age of elderly diabetic patients was 71.83±6.32 years with extremes of 65 and 94 years. The main complications observed were significantly more frequent in elderly diabetic patients than in others: diabetic foot, 46.70% versus 17.0% (p<10-4); poor control of diabetes, 28.10% versus 35.10% ( p<0.07); Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar syndrome, 20.0% versus 10.0% (p=0.002); Neuropathy, 54.90% versus 17.70% (p<10-4); Leg arteriopathy, 48.90% versus 10.80% (p<10-4) and diabetic nephropathy, 37.80% versus 3.0% (p<10-4). The same figure was observed with high blood pressure, 87.89% versus 63.94% (p=0.03). The evolution during hospitalization was marked by a high mortality rate of 34.10%. All chronic complications of diabetes (arteriopathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and diabetic foot) were significantly more frequent in elderly diabetic patients than in non-older and were significantly associated with mortality with p value <10-4.
Phylogenetic Linkage Among HIV-infected Village Residents in Botswana: Estimation of Clustering Rates in the Presence of Missing Data

Background: Phylogenetic analysis is useful in investigating disease transmission dynamics and the effect of interventions on them, but estimates of probabilities of genetic linkage between infected people in different groups based on observed data can be biased downward in the presence of informative missingness. In this paper, variation in the rates at which subjects’ viral genotypes cluster with others by viral load (low/high) and ART status is investigated using blood samples from household surveys in the North East sector of Mochudi, Botswana. The probability of obtaining a sequence from a sample varies with viral load, as samples with low viral load are more difficult to amplify. Methods: Pairwise genetic distances were estimated from aligned nucleotide sequences of HIV-1C env gp120. To address the fact that different rates of missingness across groups will bias the probabilities of clustering within and across these groups, it is first shown that the probability that randomly selected sequences are linked can be estimated consistently from observed data. This is then used in the development of maximum likelihood estimates of the probability that a sequence from one group links to at least one sequence from another group under the assumption of independence across pairs. Furthermore, a resampling approach is developed that adjusts for the presence of correlation within individuals, with diagnostics for assessing the reliability of the method. Results: Sequences were obtained for 65% of subjects with high viral load (> 50, 000 copies/mL) (HVL, n = 117), 54% of subjects with low viral load but not on ART (LVL, n = 180), and 45% of subjects who were on ART (ART, n = 126). Results show that the probability of clustering between two individuals is highest if they both have HVL, and lowest if one has LVL and the other has LVL or is on ART. Clustering across groups is high for HVL and tends to be lower for LVL and ART. Adjustment for missing data increases the group-wise clustering rates by 40 to 100 percent, and changes the relative rates between groups. Conclusions: Bias in inferences regarding HIV genetic clustering that arise from differential ability to genotype samples by group can be reduced by appropriate methods for accommodating missing data.
Bird Song: The Interface of Evolution and Mechanism

▪ Abstract Bird song provides an unusually impressive illustration of vertebrate behavioral diversification. Research on bird song evolution traditionally focuses on factors that enhance song diversity, such as cultural transmission and sexual selection. Recent advances in the study of proximate mechanisms of vocal behavior, however, provide opportunities for studying mechanistic constraints on song evolution. The main goal of this review is to examine, from both conceptual and empirical perspectives, how proximate mechanisms might temper patterns of song evolution. We provide an overview of the two “substrates” of song evolution, memes and vocal mechanisms. We argue that properties of vocal mechanisms (control, production, and ontogeny) constrain vocal potential and may thus limit pathways of meme evolution. We then consider how vocal mechanisms may constrain song evolution under five scenarios of drift and selection and examine four specific song traits for which mechanistic constraints appear to counte.
Partner violence in married women

Introduction: Violence against women is the highest and women make up 40 to 70% South Asia, East Asia and Africa and among immigrants to the West from these objectives of the study were to explore and compare the violence in the married women living in urban and rural areas. Material and methods: The study adopted a comparative research approach. The study was conducted on married women of age g married women (30 subjects each from urban and rural areas respectively) was drawn by sampling technique. Data was collect and stru ctured intimate partner violence questionnaire. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The overall prevalence of difference between rural and urban area with resp findings showed that majority of women. Conclusion: Women are more frequent victims of violence. Violence is a universal phenomenon, so effective a ctions should be taken to stop intimate partner violence at no time.
Chapter 8 Autonomous Manipulation of Movable Obstacles

In this chapter we describe recent progress towards autonomous manipulation of environment objects. Many tasks, such as nursing home assistance, construction or search and rescue, require the robot to not only avoid obstacles but also move them out if its way to make space for reaching the goal. We present algorithms that decide which objects should be moved, where to move them and how to move them. Finally, we introduce a complete system that takes into account humanoid balance, joint limits and fullbody constraints to accomplish environment interaction.
Determination and Toxicological Effects of Some Heavy Metals in Surface Water from the Niger Delta , Nigeria

The Niger Delta is the hub of industrial establishments in Nigeria. With the concentration of industries in this part of the country, it is believed by many that the environment may have been impactedwith heavy metals as a result of wastes generated by these industries. This study was necessitated by the desire to find out the current levels and toxic effects of some of the metals in surface water from the Niger Delta. To actually verify this claim, surface water sample were collected from ten locations for a period of eight months. The surface water collected were first acid treated with 2ml concentrated nitric acid (assaying 100%) and taken to the laboratory where the concentrations of the various metals were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results of the analysis were as follows: Cd (0.003Mg/l), Cr (0.172Mg/l), Pb (0.057Mg/l), Fe (0.403Mg/l), Zn (0.218Mg/l), Ni (0.816Mg/l),Mn (0.725Mg/l) and Cu (0.011Mg/l). From these results, it was seen that the concentrations of the metals were within the national and international recommended limits; however some of these metals are known to be toxic even at low concentrations. It was also observed from the results that the concentrations of the metals in the dry season were higher than those of the wet season.
Effects of s. Cerevisiae var. Boulardii in gastrointestinal disorders

The increasing interest in the consumption of products containing probiotics is the result of numerous researches on their beneficial influence on human health. The promising one includes the improvement of prevention of various gastrointestinal disorders, the enhancement of immune function and the prevention of recurrent respiratory infections. Probiotics are available in a wide range of products with different benefits. Understanding their functional properties is an important aspect of health and well-being claims. Future studies are necessary to demonstrate the safe character of probiotics. This paper reviews the main effects of probiotic strain S. cerevisiae var. boulardii on gastrointestinal disorders. It has a beneficial physiological effect by the reduction of gastro-intestinal discomfort. The administration of the yeast, alone or in combination with other treatment, shows anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory effects
Effect of experimental diets on the activities of intestinal digestive enzymes of Grass carp, (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and Silver carp (Hypophthylmichthys molitrix)

A ninety days feeding experiment was directed to compare the effect of Duckweed (Lemna minor) and soybean, Glycine max (L) meals as a source of protein on the actions of intestinal digestive enzymes of Chinese carps; Grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844) and Silver carp, Hypophthylmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844) fingerlings reared in monoculture and polyculture system. Two 35 % protein experimental diets, FSBM (feed containing 21 % soybean meal) and FDW (feed having 21 % duckweed) as a source of protein were prepared and fed for twelve weeks. At the end of trial, the experimental diets showed a significant effect on the activities of intestinal digestive enzymes. There is significant (P<0.001) difference in the intestinal cellulase, protease and amylase enzymes in both Chinese carps. In culture systems, intestinal protease and amylase activities of fingerlings of C. idella fed FDW diets were significantly higher as compared to fish fed FSBM diet. In polyculture system, the intestinal amylase activity of H. molitrix fingerlings was significantly higher when fish offered FDW diet as compared to FSBM diet. The results of this study indicate the usage of L. minor as a protein source in polyculture system enhances the fish digestive capacity than monoculture system.
The effect of drought stress on germination and early growth of Sesamum indicum seedling's varieties under laboratory conditions.

Environmental stresses specially drought, play an important role in decreasing plant growth, particularly during germination in dry and semi dry area. To considering the effect of drought stress caused by polyethylene glycol on germination and characteristics of 2 spices of Sesamum indicum, we had done factorial and complete accidental plot with 4 treatments and 3 times repetition. Experimental treatments included osmotic potential in 4 levels (0, -4, -6, -10 bar) which was produced by polyethylene glycol 6000 and 2 sesame species (Safi Abadi and Dezfol). All data had been analyzed by SAS software and comparison of means had been done by Duncan test at 5% probable level. The results showed that, percentage and speed of all spices' germination decline by osmotic potential enhancement. Other measured parameters such as radicle and coleoptile length, dry and wet weight declined by increasing osmotic potential as well.
The use of a glucose-reduced graphene oxide suspension for photothermal cancer therapy

A single-step green method for effective reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) by glucose was developed. Then, efficacy of the glucose-reduced GO sheets in photothermal therapy of LNCaP prostate cancer cells was investigated in vitro. The GO suspension reduced and functionalized by glucose in the presence of Fe catalyst showed a biocompatible property with an excellent near-infrared (NIR) photothermal therapy efficiency better than hydrazine-reduced GO, single-wall and multi-wall carbon nanotube suspensions which even showed some levels of toxicities. For complete destruction of the cancer cells at some time intervals of NIR irradiation (e.g., 0.5 and 12 min with a power density of 7.5 W cm−2), minimum concentrations of the reduced GO sheets (i.e., 1 and 0.05 mg mL−1) were obtained. The high photothermal therapy efficiency and biocompatibility of the glucose-reduced GO sheets were assigned to functionalization of the reduced sheets by gluconate ions which also prevented their aggregation. Our results suggest that the glucose-reduced GO sheets can be used as biocompatible and efficient photothermal agents in upcoming nanotechnology-based cancer therapies without any common functionalization by polyethylene glycol.
The market value of energy efficiency in buildings and the mode of tenure

Concerns about global warming and growing scarcity of fossil fuels require substantial changes in energy consumption patterns and energy systems, as targeted by many countries around the world. One key element to achieve such transformation is to increase energy efficiency of the housing stock. In this context, it is frequently argued that private investments are too low in the light of the potential energy cost savings. However, heterogeneous incentives to invest in energy efficiency, especially for owner-occupants and landlords, may serve as one explanation. This is particularly important for countries with a large rental sector, like Germany. Nevertheless, previous literature largely focuses on the payoffs owner-occupants receive, leaving out the rental market. This paper addresses this gap by comparing the capitalisation of energy efficiency in selling prices and rents, for both types of residences. For this purpose data from the Berlin housing market are analysed using hedonic regressions. The estimations reveal that energy efficiency is well capitalised in apartment prices and rents. The comparison of implicit prices and the net present value of energy cost savings/rents reveals that investors anticipate future energy and house price movements reasonably. However, in the rental segment, the value of future energy cost savings exceeds tenants’ implicit willingness to pay by a factor of 2.5. This can either be interpreted as a result of market power of tenants, uncertainty in the rental relationship or the ‘landlord–tenant dilemma’.