Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Nosocomial infections due to adenovirus in a paediatric unit].

OBJECTIVE We carried out a retrospective analysis of an outbreak of adenovirus (AdV) infections in a paediatric unit. The aim of the study was to analyse cases, determine the route of transmission and to evaluate the efficacy of the prevention measures. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study was performed by recollection of AdV infection cases during a period of 1 year and the results were compared with the list of clinical cases recorded during the epidemic. The clinical files of children with a positive specimen were retrospectively analysed. During that period, five members of the medical staff showed clinical signs and symptoms of AdV infection. A throat swab was collected from a subset of the staff. RESULTS Among nine patients with positive AdV detection, six were infected with an Adv type 2. Six were nosocomially-acquired, the other two were only probable nosocomial infections. The index case was a child presenting a febrile diarrhoea 48 h prior to being admitted to the hospital. Nosocomial transmission was associated with the prolonged shedding of the virus with faeces of the infected cases. The specimens collected from the staff remained negative. The outcome was favourable for all children. CONCLUSIONS Prevention measures, implemented when the epidemic was characterised, allowed the control of the nosocomial outbreak.
Manifold Exchange: A Delivery Option in Managing Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

it both introduces the risk of PD fluid infection, and opens the retroperitoneal space, which could lead to significant retroperitoneal fluid dissection. Furthermore, the presence of PD fluid may inhibit postoperative reperitonealization and increase the theoretical risk of a postoperative bowel obstruction. All rectocele repairs aim to repair or replace the connective tissue separating the rectum from the vagina. Retroperitoneal vaginal approaches to repair include site-specific posterior colporrhaphy, where the defective rectovaginal fascia is primarily repaired, and posterior graft placement with either a synthetic or biologic material. Either approach can be combined with apical vault attachments to the sacrospinous ligaments if apical (uterine) prolapse is also significant. Unfor tunately, these vaginal retroper itoneal approaches to rectocele repair do not allow for obliteration of the posterior cul-de-sac, leaving the deep rectovaginal fluid dissection plane unaddressed. It is our fear that the peritoneocele dissecting into the rectovaginal space with valsalva and defecation will persist in CAPD patients, leaving them with persistent incomplete defecation issues.
Launch Decision on Revenue Maximization in Web Advertising

The optimal problem of scheduling limited advertising resources was studied in this paper. Under the circumstances that the benefits of both Web sites and advertisers were balanced, a model based on hybrid pricing was proposed for maximizing website revenue. The relation between impression and clicks ratio was fitted by BP neural network, and the constrained optimization problem was converted into unconstrained optimization problem by penalty function method. Genetic algorithm was applied to solve the unconstrained problem. Simulation result shows the effectiveness of this model and algorithm.
Xiphinema index and its relationship to grapevines : a review

The dagger nematode, Xiphinema index, is considered a major pest in grape growing countries. Xiphinema index is especially important because of its ability to transmit Grapevine fanleaf virus when feeding on grapevine roots. This paper provides a comprehensive and updated review of the classification, genetics and biology of Xiphinema index, and its relationship with grapevine fanleaf virus. Current control measures, as well as past and present efforts to breed resistant grapevine rootstocks, are presented.
Prevalence of antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis among beef cow-calf herds.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis infection among cows on beef operations in the United States. DESIGN Cross-sectional seroprevalence study. Sample Population-A convenience sample of 380 herds in 21 states. PROCEDURES Serum samples were obtained from 10,371 cows and tested for antibodies to M avium subsp paratuberculosis with a commercial ELISA. Producers were interviewed to collect data on herd management practices. RESULTS 30 (7.9%) herds had 1 or more animals for which results of the ELISA were positive; 40 (0.4%) of the individual cow samples yielded positive results. None of the herd management practices studied were found to be associated with whether any animals in the herd would be positive for antibodies to M avium subsp paratuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggest that the prevalence of antibodies to M avium subsp paratuberculosis among beef cows in the United States is low. Herds with seropositive animals were widely distributed geographically.
Not All Models Are Created Equal: Animal Models to Study Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy of the Newborn

equivalence to human infants remains uncertain. Second, the size of the animal should allow for instrumentation (for hemodynamic and physiologic measurements such as blood pressure and blood gases) in order to closely monitor the effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation. Monitoring ‘the dive’ is important if the investigator wants to reach a degree of asphyxia likely to produce significant damage without excessive mortality, and it also helps ensure the reproducibility of the injury (e.g. similar degree of acidosis with a similar descent over time). This standardization of the degree of injury, instead of standardization of the injurious stimuli, also allows comparisons between experimental groups. Third, the type, severity and duration of hypoxic injury are critical to the translational value of the model, which should approximate the clinical picture of perinatal asphyxia.
Enhancer-like activity of A1gR1-binding site in alginate gene activation: positional, orientational, and sequence specificity

Significant activation of promoters of alginate genes such as algD or algC occurs in mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa during its proliferation in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. These promoters have been shown to be responsive to environmental signals such as high osmolarity. The signaling is mediated by a so-called two-component signal transduction system, in which a soluble protein, AlgR2, undergoes autophosphorylation and transfers the phosphate to a DNA-binding response regulator protein, AlgR1. The phosphorylated form of AlgR1 has a high affinity for binding at upstream sequences of both the algC and algD promoters. Two AlgR1-binding sites (ABS) have been reported upstream of the algC gene. One of the two ABSs (algC-ABS1, located at -94 to -81) is critical for the algC activation process, while the second ABS (algC-ABS2, located at +161 to +174) is only weakly active. We now report the presence of a third ABS within the structural gene of algC, and this ABS (algC-ABS3) is also important for algC promoter activation. algC-ABS1 can be replaced functionally by algC-ABS2, algD-ABS1, or algD-ABS2 and somewhat weakly by algD-ABS3. Introduction of a half-integral turn in the DNA helix between the algC site of transcription initiation and algC-ABS1 allowed only slight reduction of promoter activity, suggesting that the binding site could be appreciably functional even when present in the opposite face of the helix. Activation of the algC promoter is independent of the relative location (upstream or downstream of the mRNA start site), the number of copies, or the orientation of algC-ABS1, suggesting that it behaves like a eukaryotic enhancer element in promoting transcription from the algC promoter.
Electrophysical properties of metal-solid-electrolyte composites.

An e6'ective-medium theory of a random mixture of metal and solid electrolyte particles is developed to describe the bulk ac conductance of the composite. It predicts a 4 to 6 orders of magnitude enhancement of the dielectric permeability of the composite near the percolation threshold for electronic conductivity. As the frequency increases, the enhancement falls to the level of a metal-dielectric composite, as the role of the double-layer capacitance of the blocking interfaces between metal and electrolyte grains diminishes. Analytical expressions are obtained for the conductivity and dielectric function over the whole range of relative concentrations and in a broad frequency range.
Macrophages in resistance to rickettsial infections: characterization of lymphokines that induce rickettsiacidal activity in macrophages.

Lymphokine-rich culture supernatants of antigen- or mitogen-stimulated spleen cells were fractionated by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography; fractions were assayed for capacity to induce tumoricidal and rickettsiacidal activities in mouse macrophages. Lymphokine activity that activated macrophages for tumor cytotoxicity eluted as a single peak in the 45,000 m.w. region. In contrast, activity for intracellular killing of rickettsiae eluted in 3 distinct regions: 115 to 125,000, 35 to 45,000, and less than 10,000 daltons. This elution pattern was observed with both antigen and mitogen-induced lymphokines. Activity of each of the 3 lymphokine species for induction of rickettsiacidal activity was destroyed by heating at 56 degrees C for 1 hr. Tumor cytotoxicity and rickettsiacidal activity, both effector functions of activated macrophages, were dissociated on the basis of lymphokines regulating these activities.
L'évaluation des systèmes d'analyse et de compréhension de textes

Cet article dresse un panorama des methodes d'evaluation des systemes d'analyse et de comprehension de textes. Les campagnes d'evaluation francophones et anglo-saxonnes sont presentees. Cette contribution ets aussi l'occasion d'une reflexion plus generale sur la notion de comprehension et la faisabilite des approches automatiques.
Hombres Sanos: evaluation of a social marketing campaign for heterosexually identified Latino men who have sex with men and women.

OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effectiveness of Hombres Sanos [Healthy Men] a social marketing campaign to increase condom use and HIV testing among heterosexually identified Latino men, especially among heterosexually identified Latino men who have sex with men and women (MSMW). METHODS Hombres Sanos was implemented in northern San Diego County, California, from June 2006 through December 2006. Every other month we conducted cross-sectional surveys with independent samples of heterosexually identified Latino men before (n = 626), during (n = 752), and after (n = 385) the campaign. Respondents were randomly selected from 12 targeted community venues to complete an anonymous, self-administered survey on sexual practices and testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. About 5.6% of respondents (n = 98) were heterosexually identified Latino MSMW. RESULTS The intervention was associated with reduced rates of recent unprotected sex with both females and males among heterosexually identified Latino MSMW. The campaign was also associated with increases in perception of HIV risk, knowledge of testing locations, and condom carrying among heterosexual Latinos. CONCLUSIONS Social marketing represents a promising approach for abating HIV transmission among heterosexually identified Latinos, particularly for heterosexually identified Latino MSMW. Given the scarcity of evidence-based HIV prevention interventions for these populations, this prevention strategy warrants further investigation.
Expression of ice, bcl-2, c-myc and p53 in different bone marrow cell populations from patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

We have previously reported functional alterations in vitro in the hematopoietic compartment of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In the present study, we assessed the presence of molecular alterations in hematopoietic cells derived from DLBCL marrow. Accordingly, the expression of four genes (i.e. ice, bcl-2, c-myc and p53) was assessed both, at the mRNA and protein levels, in three cell populations: (i) population I, consisting of morphologically recognizable precursor and mature cells; (ii) population II, enriched for CD34+ Lineage-negative (Lin−) cells; and (iii) population III, enriched for CD34+ CD38− Lin− cells. By using a multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction system, we observed reduced expression of bcl-2 in population I, and c-myc in populations I and II from lymphoma marrow compared to their normal counterparts. On the other hand, expression of ice and p53 was not significantly different when comparing normal and DLBCL samples. At the protein level, all four molecules were expressed in a higher proportion of samples from DLBCL patients than in marrow samples from normal subjects. Interestingly, these proteins were expressed predominantly in primitive cells (population III), whereas the proportion of positive samples was reduced in population II, and even more in population I. Taken together, our results indicate that, in DLBCL, molecular alterations are present in hematopoietic cells from bone marrow, including morphologically recognizable precursor and mature cells, as well as primitive hematopoietic progenitors (CD34+ cells). To date, the physiological implications of these alterations are still unclear, and further studies should be undertaken to address this issue.
Hereditary parkinsonism: Parkinson disease look‐alikes—An algorithm for clinicians to “PARK” genes and beyond

In the past decade, a number of genetic causes of parkinsonism have been identified. As a consequence, clinicians have to consider an increasing range of differential diagnoses when confronted with a patient with parkinsonism with a positive family history. While well‐established monogenic forms with PARK acronyms have been reviewed extensively, less emphasis has been placed on other inherited conditions that may also present with signs of parkinsonism or even mimic idiopathic Parkinson's disease clinically. In this review, we focus on three different scenarios in patients with an overall early age of onset of parkinsonism: (i) atypical features in patients with mutations in one of the “PARK” genes; (ii) classical parkinsonism due to mutations in “other than‐PARK” genes or yet other genes where parkinsonism may be a well‐recognized, concomitant, or even an isolated feature; (iii) atypical parkinsonism in other genetic disorders which are, however, typically characterized by features other than parkinsonism. Atypical features in patients from Group I include, for example, a slower disease course (PARK2, PARK6, PARK7) or dementia (PARK1/4, PARK14). Conditions in Group II have been designated by a DYT or SCA acronym (for example, DYT5 or SCA3) and also include patients with heterozygous GBA mutations, mitochondrial gene mutations. Group III comprises mutations in the FMR1, MAPT, GRN, ATP7B, PANK2, FBXO7, CHAC, FTL1, Huntingtin, JPH3 genes, and a number of even rarer, miscellaneous conditions. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Progression of Osteoarthritis After Double- and Single-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Background: No consensus has been reached on the advantages of double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) over the single-bundle (SB) technique, particularly with respect to the prevention of osteoarthritis (OA) after ACLR. Purpose: To evaluate whether DB ACLR has any advantages in the prevention of OA or provides better stability and function after ACLR compared with the SB technique. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 130 patients with an ACL injury in one knee were prospectively randomized into a DB group (n = 65) or an SB group (n = 65). For the radiologic evaluation, we determined the degree of OA based on the Kellgren-Lawrence grade before the operation and at the time of the final follow-up and determined the number of patients with progression of OA more than one grade from pre- to postoperation. We evaluated the stability results using the Lachman and pivot-shift tests and stress radiography. We also compared the functional outcomes based on the Lysholm knee score, Tegner activity score, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective scale. Results: Six patients (4 in the DB group and 2 in the SB group) suffered graft failure during the follow-up and had ACL revision surgery (P = .06). A total of 112 patients were observed for a minimum of 4 years (DB group, n = 52; SB group, n = 60). Five patients (9.6%) in the DB group and 6 patients (10%) in the SB group had more advanced OA at the final follow-up (P = .75). All patients recovered full range of motion within 6 months from surgery. Stability results of the Lachman test, pivot-shift test, and the radiographic stability test failed to reveal any significant intergroup differences (P = .37, .27, and .67, respectively). In the pivot-shift result, the DB group had 4 patients with grade 2 and the SB group had 3 patients with grade 2 (P = .27). Clinical outcomes, including Lysholm knee and Tegner activity scores, were similar in the 2 groups. Statistical significance was achieved only for the IKDC subjective scale (78.2 in DB group vs 73.1 in SB group; P = .03). Conclusion: The DB technique, compared with SB, was not more effective in preventing OA and did not have a more favorable failure rate. Although the DB ACLR technique produced a better IKDC subjective scale result than did the SB ACLR technique, the 2 modalities were similar in terms of clinical outcomes and stability after a minimum 4 years of follow-up.
Feedback first: the surprisingly weak effects of magnetic fields, viscosity, conduction and metal diffusion on sub-L* galaxy formation

Using high-resolution simulations with explicit treatment of stellar feedback physics based on the FIRE (Feedback In Realistic Environments) project, we study how galaxy formation and the interstellar medium (ISM) are affected by magnetic fields, anisotropic Spitzer–Braginskii conduction and viscosity, and sub-grid metal diffusion from unresolved turbulence. We consider controlled simulations of isolated (non-cosmological) galaxies but also a limited set of cosmological ‘zoom-in’ simulations. Although simulations have shown significant effects from these physics with weak or absent stellar feedback, the effects are much weaker than those of stellar feedback when the latter is modelled explicitly. The additional physics have no systematic effect on galactic star formation rates (SFRs). In contrast, removing stellar feedback leads to SFRs being overpredicted by factors of ∼10–100. Without feedback, neither galactic winds nor volume-filling hot-phase gas exist, and discs tend to runaway collapse to ultra-thin scaleheights with unphysically dense clumps congregating at the galactic centre. With stellar feedback, a multi-phase, turbulent medium with galactic fountains and winds is established. At currently achievable resolutions and for the investigated halo mass range 10^(10)–10^(13) M⊙, the additional physics investigated here (magnetohydrodynamic, conduction, viscosity, metal diffusion) have only weak (∼10 per cent-level) effects on regulating SFR and altering the balance of phases, outflows or the energy in ISM turbulence, consistent with simple equipartition arguments. We conclude that galactic star formation and the ISM are primarily governed by a combination of turbulence, gravitational instabilities and feedback. We add the caveat that active galactic nucleus feedback is not included in the present work.
Potential Role for Fish in Transmission of Mycobacterium ulcerans Disease (Buruli Ulcer): an Environmental Study

ABSTRACT This study reports a potential role that fish may play in the transmission of Mycobacterium ulcerans disease (Buruli ulcer). Fish found positive for M. ulcerans DNA all appear to feed on insects or plankton and are believed to concentrate M. ulcerans from this usual food source. These observations provide additional data supporting our previous hypothesis on sources of M. ulcerans and modes of transmission.
Effect of Health Expenditure on Child Health in Sub-Saharan Africa: Governance Perspective

Though child mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa has declined since 2000, they are still higher than other regions of the world. This has provided impetus for increasing effectiveness of health expenditure through improved quality of governance in the health sector. Dynamic panel estimation method was used to estimate panel data for 41 SSA countries for the period 2000 to 2009. The results show that public health expenditure relative to private health expenditure led to fall in under-five mortality rates in SSA. When corruption was controlled for effectiveness of public health expenditure on reducing under-five mortality was evident. Additionally, regional variations in effectiveness of health expenditure on under-five mortality was also realized. SSA countries are likely to benefit from reduced corruption which has an impact on effectiveness of health expenditure on child health outcomes. Keywords: Health Expenditure Child Health SSA Corruption
A novel type of wideband self-adapting coplanar feeding network

A novel type of wideband self-adapting coplanar feeding network is designed and fabricated. Proposed design approach results in the large improving in structure and performance of feeding network, compared with typical design using lambda/4 impedance transformers which has narrow band characteristic. The built 8 times 8 antenna array fed by this network has a wider bandwidth with high gain, low side lobe level, narrow beam widths, and good radiation patterns. This new feeding structure is promising to gain huge popularity due to its flexibility, convenience, and performances.
Jugular Foramen Schwannoma Revealed By Unilateral Deafness

Jugular foramen schwannomas arising from cranial nerves IX, X, and XI are uncommon pathological conditions, slowly growing benign tumors that constitute approximately 2.9 to 4% of all intracranial schwannomas [1,2]. Jugular foramen schwannomas represent 10-30% of all tumors observed around the jugular foramen [3,4]. The standard primary treatment for jugular foramen schwannomas is total surgical removal [5,6]. However, there is significant morbidity that results from extensive surgery and complex anatomical location. In the literature, there are a few published studies on radiosurgery for jugular foramen schwannomas [7-10]. The present study report a 28-year-old woman diagnosed with jugular foramen schwannomas who underwent gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) in the IBN ROCHD university hospital of Casablanca, Morocco.
Power device stacking using surface bump connections

This work presents a novel integration approach for silicon power devices. Considering the very widespread half-bridge interconnection of IGBTs and anti-parallel freewheeling diodes, the first prototype development and testing of a vertically integrated switch is described. This original solution is enabled by the use of surface bumps as a replacement of bond-wires and it opens up new ways for optimum volume exploitation in power system design and also brings along double sided cooling capability and reduced stray inductance.