Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Posture and Pulmonary Function in Middle Age and Older Adults ASSOCIATION BETWEEN POSTURE AND PULMONARY FUNCTION IN MIDDLE AGE AND OLDER ADULTS

Berens AR, Doro KJ, Heiman MR, Bredle D, Ishikawa S. Association between Posture and Pulmonary Function in Middle Age and Older Adults. Journal of Undergraduate Kinesiology Research 2014; (9)2:11-19. Purpose: It is widely assumed that a hunched sitting position will impede airflow. The purpose of this study was to determine whether posture would indeed impact airflow in middle-age and older adults. We hypothesized that poorer posture would negatively impact the pulmonary capacity, especially in high risk individuals: BMI > 30 kg/m or BMI > 25.0 kg/m with a waist circumference ≥ 102 cm (men) or ≥ 88 cm (women). Methods: Twenty-two Caucasian adults (age 62 ± 9 yrs.) volunteered, blinded to the postural aspect of this study prior to testing to avoid any biased effort between postures. Several trials of slow vital capacity (SVC) were performed on each individual using electronic spirometry in three different postures (their normal, poor, and ideal) assessed using Dartfish 5.0 software. A two-way (risk category x posture) repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 19.0 was performed, with an alpha level of . 05. Results: Demographic characteristics include: mean BMI 29 ± 6 kg/m, mean waist circumference 98 ± 19 cm, 50% male and 50% high risk. Mean SVC for normal, poor, and ideal posture were 3.90 ± 1.23 L, 3.67 ± 1.37 L, 3.77 ± 1.38 L, respectively. Though no comparisons reached significance, normal posture yielded the highest SVC, and there was a tendency for poor posture to reduce SVC (p = .076). Furthermore, no statistical significance was found when SVC was analyzed by risk category. Conclusions: Neither posture nor high risk body composition significantly affected SVC. These findings demonstrate that a subject’s naturally chosen posture can be their most efficient way to breath, and adjusting posture to improve breathing may not be as important as once believed.
LINGUISTIC RULE-BASED TRANSLATION OF NATURAL LANGUAGE QUESTION INTO SPARQL QUERY FOR EFFECTIVE SEMANTIC QUESTION ANSWERING

Semantic question answering (SQA) demands different processing compared to the common information retrieval method because the semantic knowledge base is stored in the triples form. However, manipulating the knowledge requires understanding of its structure and proficiency in semantic query language such as SPARQL. Natural language interface (NLI) alleviates this by allowing user to input question in their human language. Then it produces an answer by translating the input into an equivalent SPARQL before it is executed to retrieve the answer. However, none of the existing research has presented a holistic computational model for the translation of NL question into an equivalent SPARQL for the semantic KB querying. Existing studies have focused mainly on the semantic disambiguation through consolidation where user interaction is initiated so that relevant concept can be chosen by the user to be inserted into the SPARQL. Besides, the linguistic understanding of the input has limited coverage where only one triple is constructed which loses many original expressions. There is a necessity to increase the linguistic understanding to involve multi-variables and multi-triples in the translated SPARQL so that accurate answer will be returned. Therefore, in this paper the linguistic challenge in NLI is addressed, specifically on the question complexity depth, processes that need to be performed to answer the question and gaps in existing study. A linguistic-rule-based translation model for natural language question is introduced that utilizes a set of observational variables to extract the information in the question; (i) checking if the focus is equals to subject, (ii) number of subjects, (iii) number of property, (iv) number of object, (v) checking if object is instance, (vi) checking if the question contains superlative expression, (vii) superlative orientation and (viii) checking if the question contains aggregates expression. The model is also aimed to reduce dependability on clarification dialogues. The results show that the approach has managed to eliminate clarification dialogues and increase linguistic coverage of NLI.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa L10: A Hydrocarbon-Degrading, Biosurfactant-Producing, and Plant-Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacterium Isolated From a Reed (Phragmites australis)

Bacterial endophytes with the capacity to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons and promote plant growth may facilitate phytoremediation for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soils. A hydrocarbon-degrading, biosurfactant-producing, and plant-growth-promoting endophytic bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa L10, was isolated from the roots of a reed, Phragmites australis, in the Yellow River Delta, Shandong, China. P. aeruginosa L10 efficiently degraded C10–C26 n-alkanes from diesel oil, as well as common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene. In addition, P. aeruginosa L10 could produce biosurfactant, which was confirmed by the oil spreading method, and surface tension determination of inocula. Moreover, P. aeruginosa L10 had plant growth-stimulating attributes, including siderophore and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) release, along with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic (ACC) deaminase activity. To explore the mechanisms underlying the phenotypic traits of endophytic P. aeruginosa L10, we sequenced its complete genome. From the genome, we identified genes related to petroleum hydrocarbon degradation, such as putative genes encoding monooxygenase, dioxygenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Genome annotation revealed that P. aeruginosa L10 contained a gene cluster involved in the biosynthesis of rhamnolipids, rhlABRI, which should be responsible for the observed biosurfactant activity. We also identified two clusters of genes involved in the biosynthesis of siderophore (pvcABCD and pchABCDREFG). The genome also harbored tryptophan biosynthetic genes (trpAB, trpDC, trpE, trpF, and trpG) that are responsible for IAA synthesis. Moreover, the genome contained the ACC deaminase gene essential for ACC deaminase activity. This study will facilitate applications of endophytic P. aeruginosa L10 to phytoremediation by advancing the understanding of hydrocarbon degradation, biosurfactant synthesis, and mutualistic interactions between endophytes and host plants.
The ODL Operation Definition Language and the AutoFocus/Quest Application Framework AQuA Programming Processes

Using a model-based development process for embedded software systems, the process of developing descriptions of systems can be interpreted as performing operations on the model of the system. To increase efficiency of such a development process, general high-level operations can be defined manipulating these models, for instance copying a component including its behavior or refactoring a state-based description. In this report we introduce a language for the description of such operations on models called ODL (operation description language). Furthermore, a framework is introduced for the evaluation of ODL expressions.
Implicit and Explicit Number-Space Associations Differentially Relate to Interference Control in Young Adults With ADHD

Behavioral evidence for the link between numerical and spatial representations comes from the spatial-numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect, consisting in faster reaction times to small/large numbers with the left/right hand respectively. The SNARC effect is, however, characterized by considerable intra- and inter-individual variability. It depends not only on the explicit or implicit nature of the numerical task, but also relates to interference control. To determine whether the prevalence of the latter relation in the elderly could be ascribed to younger individuals’ ceiling performances on executive control tasks, we determined whether the SNARC effect related to Stroop and/or Flanker effects in 26 young adults with ADHD. We observed a divergent pattern of correlation depending on the type of numerical task used to assess the SNARC effect and the type of interference control measure involved in number-space associations. Namely, stronger number-space associations during parity judgments involving implicit magnitude processing related to weaker interference control in the Stroop but not Flanker task. Conversely, stronger number-space associations during explicit magnitude classifications tended to be associated with better interference control in the Flanker but not Stroop paradigm. The association of stronger parity and magnitude SNARC effects with weaker and better interference control respectively indicates that different mechanisms underlie these relations. Activation of the magnitude-associated spatial code is irrelevant and potentially interferes with parity judgments, but in contrast assists explicit magnitude classifications. Altogether, the present study confirms the contribution of interference control to number-space associations also in young adults. It suggests that magnitude-associated spatial codes in implicit and explicit tasks are monitored by different interference control mechanisms, thereby explaining task-related intra-individual differences in number-space associations.
Limiting efficiencies of GaAs solar cells

The limiting efficiencies of GaAs solar cells when used under concentrated sunlight are calculated. The benefits to be expected from applying techniques which restrict the angle of acceptance of the cell are determined. It is concluded that when the acceptance angle is restricted the emission of the luminescent photons and therefore the associated current loss are reduced. A limiting efficiency close to 39% results for concentration ratios of about 1000 suns AM1.5 direct. For lower concentration ratios, the limiting efficiency decreases if Auger recombination is also taken into account. >
Gender Differences in Withdrawing Infants

Objective. To assess gender differences in infants diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome at the Cabell Huntington Hospital in Huntington, West Virginia. Methods. This is a single-site retrospective chart review involving 97 infants born treated for neonatal abstinence syndrome at the Cabell Huntington Hospital between April and December 2015. Data were obtained from electronic medical records using a secure online survey tool designed using Qualtrics. Maternal demographics and drug screenings were collected. Infant information was collected for the first 7 days of life including withdrawal symptoms, treatment, and growth parameters. These data were analyzed based on gender, male (N = 62) and female (N = 35), to assess any gender differences among the infants. Results. No significant differences were found regarding birth weight, length, and gestational age between male and female infants. Differences among the percentage of symptoms experienced were found with females experiencing a greater percentage of symptoms affecting the autonomic nervous system compared with males. Significant differences in head circumference were found in these infants; females were found to have a greater head circumference at time of birth compared with males (P = .003), whereas at time of discharge head circumference was greater in males than in females (P = .035). Conclusion. Differences in symptoms, physical characteristics, and methadone treatment were found between male and female infants diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome at the Cabell Huntington Hospital during 2015. Further studies are needed to assess both the short- and long-term effects of antenatal drug abuse.
43 W , 52 % PAE X-Band AlGaN / GaN HEMTs MMIC Amplifiers

This paper presents the results obtained on XBand GaN MMICs developed in the frame of the Korrigan project launched by the European Defense Agency. GaN has already demonstrated excellent output power levels, nevertheless demonstration of excellent PAE associated to very high power in MMIC technology is still challenging. In this work, we present State-of-the-Art results on AlGaN/GaN MMIC amplifiers. An output power of 43W with 52% of PAE was achieved at 10.5 GHz showing that high power associated with high PAE can be obtained at X-band using MMIC GaN technology. Index Terms — GaN, HEMT, MMIC, power amplifier, Xband.
Energy Metabolisability and Ileal digesta viscosity of turkeys fed diets containing malted sorghum sprouts supplemented with enzyme and yeast

Eighty 28d old British United Turkey poults were allocated (20 per treatment,4 replicates of 5 poults each) to 4 diets containing 100g/kg malted sorghum sprouts (MSP) supplemented with mixture of a commercial enzyme + baker’s yeast at levels 200, 250, 300 and 350ppm respectively. At day 84, Apparent Metabolisable Energy (AME), AME corrected for nitrogen retention(AMEn), True Metabolisable Energy (TME), TME corrected for nitrogen retention (TMEn) were determined. At day 112, ileal digesta viscosity (2 birds per replicate;32 birds in all) were also determined using Brookfield DV-E Viscometer. Data were analysed using ANOVA.Polynomial constrast (Linear and quadratic) was used to determine effects of enzyme+ yeast inclusion using SPSS (1999).
Uncertainty in the assessment of immunohistochemical staining with optical and digital microscopy: lessons from a reader study

We recently completed a reader study to compare optical and digital pathology (DP) for the assessment of two tissue-based biomarkers with immunohistochemistry. Eight pathologists reviewed 50 breast cancer whole slides (25 stained with HER2 and 25 with Ki-67) and 2 TMAs (1 stained with HER2, 1 with Ki-67, 97 cores each), using digital and optical microscopy. All reviews took place in a single office, using the same microscope, same computer/color calibrated monitor combination, and the same ambient light, in order to eliminate sources of variability due to these parameters. Agreement analysis was performed using the Kendall’s tau-b metric and percent correct agreement. Results showed relatively high overall inter-observer and inter-modality agreement. However, significant uncertainty was observed for the whole slide evaluation with 95% confidence intervals (CI) in the order of 0.30 for the Kendall’s tau-b metric, despite taking care to reduce sources of uncertainty. For the better-sampled TMAs, CIs were in the order of 0.15. It can be deduced that the sample size of 25 slides for each biomarker was not adequate even though it is in line with recent guidelines for the validation of DP from the College of American Pathologists (20 slides for immunohistochemistry without specifying task). Significant uncertainty was observed in our study, despite controlling for several variables. Further work is needed to identify sources of uncertainty for observer tasks in DP, and to account for it in study designs to assess DP.
Rheumatologic Care FOR DISTRIBUTION TO : Members of the American College of Rheumatology Medical Societies Members of Congress Health Care Organizations / Third Party Carriers Managed Care Entities

2. In addition to adequate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics studies, clinical data are necessary to ensure the safety and efficacy of biosimilars, and to provide the necessary level of confidence for their use by patients and providers. Furthermore, the collection of longterm post-marketing data for each individual biosimilar is necessary to monitor for less common but nevertheless important adverse events.
N ORDAMNACANTHAL INDUCED APOPTOSIS AND MITOTIC-G 2 / M ARREST WITH DOWNREGULATION OF B CL2 IN THE HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELL LINE

Nordamnacanthal, an anthraquinone extracted from the root of Morinda elliptica from Rubiaceae family has cytotoxic properties towards cancer cell lines and antitumor promoting activities. This study was conducted to determine the cytotoxic effect of nordamnacanthal towards MOLT-4 and MCF-7 cell lines. Nordamnacanthal was found to be more cytotoxic towards MOLT-4 than MCF-7 with the IC50 of 3.8 μg/ml and 54 μg/ml, respectively, as detected by using the trypan blue dye exclusion test. The nordamnacanthal-treated cells showed characteristics of apoptosis such as membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation and formation of apoptotic bodies as observed under an inverted light microscope. Fluorescence analysis of cell death using acridine orange and propidium iodide staining showed that the population of MOLT-4 and MCF-7 cells underwent apoptosis at the IC50 value was 32% and 30.4%, respectively. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry indicated that nordamnacanthal did arrest MCF-7 cells at the G2/M phase. For MOLT-4, no cell cycle arrest was observed. Bcl-2 and Bax were downregulated in nordamnacanthal-treated MCF-7 cells. On the other hand, expression of the proteins in MOLT-4 was not significantly different from the control. In conclusion, nordamnacanthal was more cytotoxic towards MOLT-4 than MCF-7 cell line. The compound induced apoptosis in both cell lines, but with G2/M arrest and the involvement of Bcl-2 and Bax only in MCF-7. 1NORSYAFINI ISHAK, 1,2 LATIFAH SAIFUL YAZAN*, 3NORDIN HAJI LAJIS
Cortisol, Testosterone and Soccer: Hormonal Trends through a Competitive Season

Activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis usually occurs after physical and/or psychological stress with a magnitude modulated by both intensity of the stress episodes and individual variability. Competitive sport activities can be considered as a stressor, and many studies have investigated the dynamic relationships of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis finding different results. The aim of our study was to evaluate cortisol and testosterone levels in salivary samples from 16 soccer players over six training sessions and 18 matches. Resting levels of cortisol show pre-match levels greater than pre-training levels, with both increasing through the season. Cortisol changes following training and match sessions show lower variations for training sessions than matches. Through the season, training sessions show reduced increases in cortisol levels. For testosterone, pre-match and pre-training levels decrease through the season. Testosterone responses to training sessions and matches are different: training increases and matches decrease the testosterone levels. Through the season, matches result in reduced testosterone decreases. In conclusion, our data show that changes induced by training sessions and matches on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal and hypothalamic–pituitary–testis axes are significantly different, and show different trends through the season. Therefore, evaluation of adrenal and testis function in soccer players should take into account differences between the intensity of effort in training sessions and matches, as well as the period of the season under study.
Temporality as Seen through Translation: A Case Study on Hindi Texts

Temporality has significantly contributed to various aspects of Natural Language Processing applications. In this paper, we determine the extent to which temporal orientation is preserved when a sentence is translated manually and automatically from the Hindi language to the English language. We show that the manually and automatically identified temporal orientation in English translated (both manual and automatic) sentences provides a good match with the temporal orientation of the Hindi texts. We also find that the task of manual temporal annotation becomes difficult in the translated texts while the automatic temporal processing system manages to correctly capture temporal information from the translations.
Fatty acids as dietary tracers in benthic food webs

Fatty acid (FA) analysis is a well- established tool for studying trophic interactions in marine habitats. However, its application to benthic food webs poses 2 particular challenges. First, unlike pelagic zooplankton, benthic con- sumers have access to different sizes and func- tional groups of primary producers and may con- sume a highly mixed diet. Classes of benthic primary producers are distinct in their overall FA composition, but most do not possess unique marker FAs that can be used to identify their con- tribution to higher trophic levels. Second, unlike mammalian predators, benthic invertebrates have the capacity to significantly modify their dietary FAs and thereby obscure markers for food sources. Controlled feeding studies have been used to dis- tinguish dietary tracer FAs from those that are modified by the consumer in several benthic invertebrates, but more such studies are needed. Despite these challenges, FAs have been used to study trophic structure in a variety of benthic habitats including the deep sea, polar regions, estuaries, and the rocky subtidal zone. However, the complexity of benthic food webs and lack of unique markers impose uncertainties in the inter- pretation of FA data from field studies. Multivari- ate analyses are necessary for analyzing FA datasets, although univariate tests can be useful for comparing levels of informative FAs among food sources and consumers. Combining FA analysis with other lines of evidence, such as sta- ble isotope analysis, offers a more reliable approach to examining trophic interactions in benthic systems.
Two rare cases with aortic dissection: Future prospective in imaging

Aortic dissection (AD) is an acute emergency condition of the aorta, which often has a fatal outcome. In the acute setting, management of AD is limited to control of hypertension, early recognition of the dissection, and activation of surgical services. In this article we reported two cases of 42 and 45 y/o male patients with chest pain, no hypertension having AD. They just lifted a roughly heavy (10Kg) object. A multi-detector CT applied to perform CT-angiography. To reduce morbidity and mortality, AD should always be considered in patients who present with severe chest pain of abrupt onset. Also, aortic dissections can occur in patients without atypical signs and symptoms.
Molecular characterization of a recent Newcastle disease virus outbreak in Egypt

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious viral disease and is a continuous threat to the poultry industry worldwide. In the early months of 2014, several devastating ND outbreaks affecting broilers had been occurred in Sharqia province, Egypt. The fusion gene of the isolated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was partially amplified by RT-PCR, then directly sequenced. The NDV isolates were found to have the motif 112RRQKRF117. This motif and the intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) are indicative of the velogenic nature of these NDV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the new NDV strain belongs to the lineage 2 genotype ІІ and is closely related to the Egyptian strain VRCLU/Giza/2009. Based on the high nucleotide similarity between our isolated NDV isolates and the Egyptian NDV strain, the origin of these recent NDV isolates might be from Egypt.