Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ethnobotanical studies on plant resources of Ranyal Hills, District Shangla, Pakistan.

Ethobotanical information were collected on 97 plant species from Ranyal Hills District Shangla, Pakistan. These plants were classified for their traditional medicinal and economic uses. Many of these plants have more than one local use. There were 37 fuel species, 37 forage/fodder species, 31 medicinal species, 18 edible species, 12 species used for making shelter, 10 vegetables species, 9 poisonous species, 7 ornamental species, 6 timber wood species, 4 furniture wood species, 4 species used for fencing, 4 honey bee plants, 3 species for agricultural tools, 2 species used as flavoring agents, 2 species for making mats and baskets, 2 species used with religious belief , 2 species for cleaning teeth, 1 species as tea substitute,1 fiber yielding species, 1 species as adhesive, 1 irritant species and 1 species for making pens.
Nanoparticle Uptake by the Rat Gastrointestinal Mucosa: Quantitation and Particle Size Dependency

Abstract— Polystyrene microspheres in the size range 50 nm to 3 μm were fed by gavage to female Sprague Dawley rats daily for 10 days at a dose of 1.25 mg kg−1. Previous histological evidence of the uptake of these particles and their absorption across the gastrointestinal tract and passage via the mesentery lymph supply and lymph nodes to the liver and spleen was confirmed by analysis of tissues for the presence of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography. Measurement of radioactivity of tissues following administration of 100 nm and 1 μm I125‐labelled polystyrene latex particles for 8 days was corroborative although less secure because of the potential lability of the labelled particles. The extent of absorption of 50 nm particles under the conditions of these experiments was 34% and of the 100 nm particles 26% (as measured by determination of polystyrene content), of which total, about 7% (50 nm) and 4% (100 nm), was in the liver, spleen, blood and bone marrow. Particles larger than 100 nm did not reach the bone marrow, and those larger than 300 nm were absent from blood. No particles were detected in heart or lung tissue.
A Framework for Context-Aware Service Recommendation for Mobile Users: A Focus on Mobility in Smart Cities

Recommendations have long been a means of helping users select services. In a smart city environment, recommendation algorithms should take into account the user's context to gain in accuracy. What is the context of a smart city user and how can it be captured ? These are the two questions we answer in this paper. After specifying what we understand by context information, we show how the city's mobility pattern can be used to infer rich contextual information. The main objective of our project will be finally to recommend services according to an estimated trajectory of a user in the smart city.
Coexistence of celiac disease and eosinophilic gastroenteropathy.

The average incidence of celiac disease in Europe is 1 case in every 1,000 live births, ranging from 1 in 250 observed in Sweden to 1 in 4,000 observed in Denmark (1). The prevalence of celiac disease in the United States is probably comparable with that of Europe (1). The idiopathic form of eosinophilic gastroenteropathy (EG) is a relatively uncommon disorder, usually affecting the upper gastrointestinal tract, that may present at any age and that often requires steroid therapy (2). Review of the literature did not reveal any association between these diseases. We describe a teenager with near-fatal asthmatic crisis at presentation.
Black Triangles Causes and Management: A Review of Literature

Open gingival embrasures often pose complex functional and esthetic problems . Management of open embrasures requires careful evaluation of the underlying causes . A team approach comprising of general dentist, an orthodontist, and a periodontis t is critical . The authors reviewed a total of 51 articles including review of the literature using the terms ‘black triangle’; ‘open gingival embrasure’; ‘interdental papilla’ and interproximal contact area’. These articles provided information regarding etiology, diagnosis, and management of black triangles . There are several risk factors leading to the development of black triangles. These factors include periodontal disease, loss of height of the alveolar bone relative to the interproximal contact, len gth of embrasure area, root angulations, interproximal contact position, triangular - shaped crowns and aging. Treatment of black triangles often requires an interdisciplinary approach, involving of periodontal; orthodontic and restorative treatment.
Persistent Pain after Dental Surgery

• This article aims to cover post surgical trigeminal neuropathy and other conditions related to chronic trigeminal pain not specifically covered elsewhere in this series. • Is estimated to occur in 4–5% of patients overall, considerably less compared with other site surgeries. • Due to the high volume surgery undertaken in this region chronic post surgical pain remains common. • Relatively few clinicians are aware of this condition and as a result it is frequently poorly managed.
Implementación de un framework para la generación dinámica de invariantes en composiciones de servicios web con WS-BPEL

Los servicios web estan cambiando la informatica actual y seran clave para entenderla en un futuro proximo. En concreto, los lenguajes para la composicion de servicios, como el estandar OASIS WS-PEL 2.0, abren la posibilidad de programarlos a gran escala, facilitando su adopcion. Sin embargo, este lenguaje presenta un reto para la realizacion de pruebas de caja blanca, debido a la inclusion de instrucciones especificas para manejar la concurrencia, compensacion, errores, o descubrimiento e invocacion dinamicos de servicios. Por otro lado, la generacion automatica de invariantes ha demostrado ser una tecnica eficaz para ayudar en la prueba y mejora de programas escritos en lenguajes imperativos tradicionales y creemos que tambien lo seria para WS-BPEL. En este articulo presentamos una framework para generar invariantes potenciales dinamicamente a partir de varios registros de ejecucion de una composicion de servicios web WS-BPEL. Describimos nuestra experiencia durante su implementacion y sus resultados preliminares basados en el ejemplo del prestamo bancario.
BMP-9 signals via ALK1 and inhibits bFGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation and VEGF-stimulated angiogenesis

Genetic studies in mice and humans have shown that the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) type-I receptor activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) and its co-receptor endoglin play an important role in vascular development and angiogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that ALK1 is a signalling receptor for bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) in endothelial cells (ECs). BMP-9 bound with high affinity to ALK1 and endoglin, and weakly to the type-I receptor ALK2 and to the BMP type-II receptor (BMPR-II) and activin type-II receptor (ActR-II) in transfected COS cells. Binding of BMP-9 to ALK2 was greatly facilitated when BMPR-II or ActR-II were co-expressed. Whereas BMP-9 predominantly bound to ALK1 and BMPR-II in ECs, it bound to ALK2 and BMPR-II in myoblasts. In addition, we observed binding of BMP-9 to ALK1 and endoglin in glioblastoma cells. BMP-9 activated Smad1 and/or Smad5, and induced ID1 protein and endoglin mRNA expression in ECs. Furthermore, BMP-9 was found to inhibit basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-stimulated proliferation and migration of bovine aortic ECs (BAECs) and to block vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis. Taken together, these results suggest that BMP-9 is a physiological ALK1 ligand that plays an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis.
[Effects of all trans retinoic acid on the expression alterations of beta-protein 1 in human breast cancer cell lines of MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7].

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the cell proliferation and expression alterations of beta-protein 1 (BP1) in human breast cancer cells lines of MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7. METHOD The proliferation changes were detected by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) after the treatment of ATRA. At the dose of 10(-5) mol/L ATRA, the expression of BP1 was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunochemistry. RESULTS After the treatment of ATRA, the proliferation of cells and the expression of BP1 decreased. Optical density ratio (ODR) of each group decreased from 0.85 ± 0.01, 0.71 ± 0.01 to 0.75 ± 0.02, 0.72 ± 0.06 at 24 h, 0.55 ± 0.01, 0.52 ± 0.05 at 48 h and 0.34 ± 0.02, 0.48 ± 0.03 at 72 h. Significant differences existed among different time groups (P < 0.01). The mean optical density (MOD) of each group decreased from 0.509 ± 0.081, 0.826 ± 0.015 to 0.509 ± 0.081, 0.826 ± 0.015 at 24 h, 0.270 ± 0.022, 0.641 ± 0.041 at 48 h and 0.145 ± 0.019 and 0.206 ± 0.179 at 72 h. Significant differences existed among different time groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION ATRA can inhibit the proliferation and the expression of BP1 in breast cancer cells. And BP1 gene may become a therapeutic target for the ATRA-mediated inhibited growth of breast cancer cells.
Subsystem control based target tracking for two-wheeled mobile manipulator

To date, robots are expected to work in human environment. However, symbiotic robots need advanced abilities. In this research, we pay attention to “movement ability” and “recognition ability”. We chose two-wheeled mobile manipulator with a monocular camera. Therefore, the purpose is to achieve both the target tracking and the attitude stabilization. Firstly, the new visual servoing is proposed in the work space. In addition, some controls are designed in the null space. Experiment was carried out to show the validity of the proposed method.
Organisational culture, procedural countermeasures, and employee security behaviour: A qualitative study

Purpose This paper provides new insights about security behaviour in selected US and Irish organisations by investigating how organisational culture and procedural security countermeasures tend to influence employee security actions. An increasing number of information security breaches in organisations presents a serious threat to the confidentiality of personal and commercially sensitive data. While recent research shows that humans are the weakest link in the security chain and the root cause of a great portion of security breaches, the extant security literature tends to focus on technical issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper builds on general deterrence theory and prior organisational culture literature. The methodology adapted for this study draws on the analytical grounded theory approach employing a constant comparative method. Findings This paper demonstrates that procedural security countermeasures and organisational culture tend to affect security behaviour in organisational settings. Research limitations/implications This paper fills the void in information security research and takes its place among the very few studies that focus on behavioural as opposed to technical issues. Practical implications This paper highlights the important role of procedural security countermeasures, information security awareness and organisational culture in managing illicit behaviour of employees. Originality/value This study extends general deterrence theory in a novel way by including information security awareness in the research model and by investigating both negative and positive behaviours.
Cyclic AMP Induces Apolipoprotein E Binding Activity and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from a Macrophage Cell Line to Apolipoprotein Acceptors*

RAW 264 mouse macrophage cells were stably transfected with human apolipoprotein E (apoE) expression vectors. Clonal derivatives were characterized for expression of the human apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4 isoforms. An apoE4-expressing clonal cell line and a non-expressing clonal control cell line were loaded overnight with either [3H]cholesterol or [3H]choline. The cells were washed and incubated for 24 h in serum-free medium with or without the addition of 8-bromo-cyclic AMP (8-Br-cAMP). Only the apoE-secreting cells and only in the presence of 8-Br-cAMP released large amounts of labeled cholesterol or phosphatidylcholine into the medium. Mass analyses of cellular free and esterified cholesterol confirmed the results of the labeling studies; a decrease in cellular cholesterol content was observed in the 8-Br-cAMP-treated apoE-secreting cells, concurrent with an increase in cholesterol found in the medium. FPLC analysis of the medium demonstrated that 8-Br-cAMP treatment of the apoE-secreting cells led to an increased size fraction and amount of a peak of secreted cholesterol which comigrated with apoE. The 8-Br-cAMP-mediated increase in cholesterol efflux was also observed in non-apoE-secreting cells incubated with exogenous apoE or apoAI, and the effect of apoE was saturable. The apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4 isoforms were equally efficient in promoting 8-Br-cAMP-dependent cholesterol efflux. Reductive methylation of apoE abolished its ability to promote 8-Br-cAMP-dependent cholesterol efflux. Brefeldin A and monensin, inhibitors of protein processing through the Golgi, both blocked the 8-Br-cAMP stimulation of cholesterol efflux to exogenous apoE. 8-Br-cAMP induced specific apoE and apoAI binding, but not apoE degradation, by the RAW cells. We present a model wherein cAMP induces a membrane apolipoprotein receptor that does not lead to endocytosis and degradation, but instead promotes the transfer of lipids to apolipoproteins, which can then be released from the cell.
Em Busca de um Instrumento para Avaliar a Experiência de Serviços: Um Estudo Envolvendo a EXQ (Customer Experience Quality)

Este trabalho discute resultados de uma pesquisa empirica cujo objetivo foi testar a aplicabilidade da escala desenvolvida por Klaus and Maklan (2012) denominada EXQ ( Customer Experience Quality) no Brasil, assim como verificar em que medida a experiencia de servico impacta a lealdade, a satisfacao e o boca-a-boca. Para isso, foi implementado um survey em uma amostra de clientes de uma empresa de servicos de saude privada. Os dados foram analisados por meio da tecnica de modelagem de equacoes estruturais. Como o modelo original apresentou alguns problemas de ajuste, foi proposto um modelo adaptado, mais aderente ao setor pesquisado. Os resultados indicaram que a experiencia de servico impacta a lealdade, a satisfacao e o boca-a-boca positivo. Isso ficou explicito em ambos os modelos, o que e um achado interessante, pois constatou-se que o EXQ e um importante preditor de lealdade e de boca-a-boca positivo.
A Comparison between Single Purpose and Flexible Neuromorphic Processor Designs

A variety of architectures have been proposed for neuromorphic computing chips, including digital, analog, and memristor based approaches. The application space used to analyze these designs is typically narrow, focused primarily on natural signal processing tasks such as image or audio classification. In this work, we analyze the ability of a memristor-based neuromorphic architecture to perform tasks representative of those done by computer network edge devices. We evaluate the neuromorphic designs running a baseline benchmark (MNIST), an AES-256 encryptor, and a malware detection tool. We evaluate these applications on both single purpose chips and on flexible multipurpose chips configured for the same tasks. Single purpose designs use direct, hardwired connections and custom memristor crossbar sizes, while flexible designs use crossbar arrays of a single standard size and communicate over an on-chip network. The throughput per watt and throughput per area costs associated with increased flexibility are shown to be 1.8x and 8x-10x, respectively.
Distribuciones Estadísticas para Modelar Clutter Marino: una Revisión

El clutter marino es una senal aleatoria interferente que aparece en lecturas de radar producto de la reflexion que experimenta la emision sobre la superficie del mar. Luego de una intensa revision sobre la literatura relacionada, se concluyo que existen 23 distribuciones estadisticas o modelos que pueden usarse para representar el clutter . Los autores clasificaron los modelos en cinco grupos diferentes atendiendo a la frecuencia de utilizacion y la relevancia de cada uno. La revision realizada tiene dos logros fundamentales. Primeramente, se reunieron y unificaron las expresiones matematicas de las distribuciones, lo que contribuye a la homogenizacion de los estudios. En segundo lugar, se ofrecio un conjunto amplio de distribuciones candidatas para nuevas investigaciones relacionadas al ajuste de datos de lecturas de radar con modelos estadisticos. La investigacion recomienda fuertemente el empleo de 15 distribuciones, mientras que los estudios comunes rara vez utilizan mas de cuatro.
Gestational gigantomastia and anesthesia.

A 37-YR-OLD parturient with a history of previous ectopic gestation and subacute cutaneous lupus developed massive bilateral breast enlargement causing ulceration and difficulty in breathing and standing up. The added weight gain was 30 kg. Elective cesarean section was performed during uneventful spinal anesthesia at 34 weeks of gestation. Spinal block was placed in the lateral decubitus position to avoid back pain and mastalgia. Six months later, a bilateral mammoplasty was performed during general anesthesia. Gigantomastia or excessive breast growth complicates between 1:28,000 and 1:118,000 deliveries. Its etiology is unknown, although hormonal and/or autoimmune mechanisms may be responsible. Breathing problems, immobility, ulcerations, bleeding, or infection may arise. Elective termination of pregnancy is recommended. In most cases, cesarean delivery is indicated. Although there is no reference in the literature regarding the anesthetic considerations in gigantomastia, several implications must be considered, including the reduced chest wall compliance and reduced lung volumes, the increase in work of breathing, minute ventilation, and oxygen consumption. These changes can lead to hypoxemia and rapid desaturation. The increase in intrathoracic pressure caused by higher inspiratory pressure can impair ventricular filling and cardiac output. Moreover, breast enlargement predisposes the obstetric patient to a difficult airway during laryngoscopy. Regional anesthesia is a desirable technique for cesarean section. During general anesthesia, adequate preoxygenation, ramped head position, the use of a short-handled laryngoscope, and acid aspiration prophylaxis are mandatory. The operating table should be appropriately sized. We recommend wide arm boards placed parallel to the operating table and a semi-Fowler’s position to improve respiratory comfort for the patient.
Which Drug Prevents Tachycardia and Hypertension Associated With Tracheal Intubation: Lidocaine, Fentanyl, or Esmolol?

Eighty patients, ASA physical status II-IV, scheduled for noncardiac surgery, were randomly assigned in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled manner to receive a preintubation dose of either placebo, 200 mg lidocaine, 200 pg fentanyl, or 150 mg esmolol. Induction of anesthesia was accomplished with 4–6 mg/kg thiopental IV followed immediately by the study drug; 1–1.5 mg/kg succinylcholine was given at minute I. Laryngoscopy and intubation were performed at minute 2 with anesthesia thereafter maintained with 1 MAC (±10%) isoflurane in 60% nitrous oxide in oxygen at a 5 L/min flow for 10 min. Heart rate was recorded every 15 s and blood pressure every minute from induction until 10 min after intubation. Maximum percent increases in heart rate (mean ± SE) during and after intubation were similar in the placebo (44% ± 6%), lidocaine (51% ± 10%), and fentanyl (37% ± 5%) groups, but lower in the esmolol (18% ± 5%) group (P<0.05). Maximum systolic blood pressure percent increases were lower in the lidocaine (20% ± 6%), fentanyl (12% ± 3%), and esmolol (19% ± 4%) groups than in the placebo (36% ± 5%) group (P<0.05), but not different from each other (P>0.05). Only esmolol provided consistent and reliable protection against increases in both heart rate and systolic blood pressure accompanying laryngoscopy and intubation.
Spatial abilities play a major role in BCI performance

Introduction: Despite their promising potential impact for many applications, Mental-Imagery based BCIs (MI-BCIs) remain barely used outside laboratories. One reason is that 15% to 30% of naive users seem unable to control them [1] and only a few reach high control abilities. Although different predictors of BCI performance (i.e., command classification accuracy) have been investigated to explain this huge inter-user variability [2, 3], no strong predictive model has yet been determined. This could be due to (a) the often small samples used (N=5 or 6) and (b) the fact that these predictors have been mostly determined based on one-session experiments. Yet there is no evidence that performance obtained at the first session is predictive of users' MI-BCI control ability. Material, Methods and Results: In [4], we investigated the impact of the user's personality and cognitive profile on MI-BCI performance based on a 6-session experiment. Averaging performances over these sessions reduced the intra-subject variability (e.g., due to fatigue or external factors), and thus led to a better estimation of participants' MI-BCI control ability. Each session comprised 5 runs during which the participants (N=18) had to learn to perform 3 MI tasks: left-hand motor imagery, mental rotation and mental calculation. The results stressed the impact of mental rotation scores (measured using questionnaires), and which reflect Spatial Abilities (SA), on mean MI-BCI performance [r=0.696, p<0.05] (see Fig. 1[A]). SA are the mental capacities which enable the construction, transformation and interpretation of mental images. In a more recent study (to be published), we trained 20 participants to control a 2-class MI-BCI by performing motor-imagery of their left-and right-hands, within 1 session of 5 runs. Results confirmed the role of SA: mental rotation scores were correlated with peak MI-BCI performance [r=0.464, p<0.05]. This suggests that SA are a generic predictor of MI-BCI performances. Figure 1. [A] Diagram representing the mean classification accuracy for the different subjects as a function of their mental rotation score; [B] One item per exercise included in the Spatial Ability training:the shape on top is the target, and the participant must identify the two shapes that are identical to the target among the four below.
Improved performance of Gen-Probe Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Test when 500 instead of 50 microliters of decontaminated sediment is used

Using 500 μl of sediment each for screening of 717 respiratory tract specimens by Gen-Probe's Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Test improved the sensitivity (83.3%) of the assay, compared with our previous study using 50 μl of sediment (71.4%), without adversely affecting its specificity (99.4 and 99.0%, respectively).