Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of lumped-parameter thermal model and thermal parameters test for IPMSM

A lumped-parameter thermal network accounting for mounting plate is established to predict temperature rise of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM). With an improved DC thermal test proposed in this paper, some important thermal parameters in the thermal network are estimated, such as the equivalent thermal resistance between housing and ambient, the equivalent thermal conductivity between winding and lamination and the thermal interface gap between housing and lamination and so on. With the thermal network, the temperature of every motor component can be predicted. The performance of the thermal model is validated by finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments on test motors. In addition, the thermal model sensitivity to key thermal parameters is studied. The research can offer references for motor design and motor thermal analysis.
The role of mental health in mediating the relationship between social support and optimal ART adherence

Optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential for reducing mortality and morbidity in persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), as well as for reducing the risk of further HIV transmission. While studies have identified psychosocial factors such as lack of social support and poor mental health status as important barriers to optimal ART adherence, few studies have explored the potential of a mediation effect of psychosocial factors on the relationship between social support and optimal ART adherence. This paper assessed whether mental health status mediated the relationship between social support and optimal ART adherence among a cross-sectional sample of 202 persons living with HIV who were recruited from HIV clinical care sites and community-based organizations in Los Angeles County (LAC). Participants completed a survey that included social support items from the Medical Outcome Study: Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) Instrument, mental health measures from the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-12), and ART adherence based on self-report. Among those currently taking ART, 61.7% reported having optimal adherence. Social support was significantly associated with a high score on the mental health status scale (AOR =2.90; 95% CI=1.14–5.78) and optimal ART adherence (AOR=1.81; 95% CI=1.81; 95% CI=1.18–2.79). When mental health status was introduced into the model, the association between social support and optimal ART adherence was no longer significant. Our findings suggest the HIV interventions targeting social support to improve ART adherence will likely be most successful if the support bolsters the mental health of the participants. Clearly, better understanding the relationships among social support, mental health, and ART adherence will be critical for development and implementation of future ART adherence interventions.
Title 1 SNVPhyl : A Single Nucleotide Variant Phylogenomics pipeline for microbial genomic epidemiology 2 Authors 3

22 Motivation: The recent widespread application of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for microbial 23 disease investigations has spurred the development of new bioinformatics tools, including a notable 24 proliferation of phylogenomics pipelines designed for infectious disease surveillance and outbreak 25 investigation. Transitioning the use of WGS data out of the research lab and into the front lines of 26 surveillance and outbreak response requires user-friendly, reproducible, and scalable pipelines that have 27 been well validated. 28 Results: SNVPhyl (Single Nucleotide Variant Phylogenomics) is a bioinformatics pipeline for identifying 29 high-quality SNVs and constructing a whole genome phylogeny from a collection of WGS reads and a 30 reference genome. Individual pipeline components are integrated into the Galaxy bioinformatics 31 framework, enabling data analysis in a user-friendly, reproducible, and scalable environment. We show 32 that SNVPhyl can detect SNVs with high sensitivity and specificity and identify and remove regions of 33 high SNV density (indicative of recombination). SNVPhyl is able to correctly distinguish outbreak from 34 non-outbreak isolates across a range of variant-calling settings, sequencing-coverage thresholds, or in the 35 presence of contamination. 36 Availability: SNVPhyl is available as a Galaxy workflow, Docker and virtual machine images, and a 37 Unix-based command-line application. SNVPhyl is released under the Apache 2.0 license and available at 38 http://snvphyl.readthedocs. io/ or at https://github.com/phac-nml/snvphyl-galaxy. 39
Osteotome sinus floor elevation without grafting material: a 1-year prospective pilot study with ITI implants.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the present pilot study was to evaluate: (1) the predictability of an osteotome sinus floor elevation procedure with ITI-SLA implants without placing a bone grafting material, and (2) the possibility to gain bone height without filling the created space with a bone grafting material. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventeen patients received 25 implants protruding in the sinus. Most implants (21/25) were 10 mm long, eight were inserted in type 2 bone, 12 in type 3 and five in type 4 bone. At implant placement, the mean residual bone height (RBH) under the maxillary sinus was 5.4+/-2.3 mm; it was 5.7+/-2.6 mm on the mesial side and 5.1+/-1.9 mm on the distal side. Nineteen implants had less than 6 mm of bone on at least one side and six implants had less than 6 mm on both sides. A healing period of 3-4 months was allowed before abutment tightening at 35 Ncm. The percentage of stable implants at abutment tightening and at the 1-year control was calculated. The endo-sinus bone gain and the crestal bone loss (CBL) at the mesial and distal sides were measured. RESULTS Abutments were tightened after 3.1+/-0.4 months. All implants but one (96%) resisted the applied 35 Ncm torque. At the 1-year control, all implants were clinically stable and supported the definitive prosthesis. All showed endo-sinus bone gain; the mean gain was 2.5+/-1.2 mm. The mean CBL was 1.2+/-0.7 mm. Endo-sinus bone gain and RBH showed a strong negative correlation (r=-0.78 on the mesial side and -0.80 on the distal side). A good correlation (r=0.73) was found between implant penetration in the sinus and endo-sinus bone gain. CONCLUSION Elevation of the sinus membrane alone without addition of bone grafting material can lead to bone formation beyond the original limits of the sinus floor. Despite a limited RBH at implant placement, a healing period of 3 months was sufficient to resist a torque of 35 N cm and to lead to a predictable implant function at the 1-year control.
The legacy of a vanished sea: a high level of diversification within a European freshwater amphipod species complex driven by 15 My of Paratethys regression

The formation of continental Europe in the Neogene was due to the regression of the Tethys Ocean and of the Paratethys Sea. The dynamic geology of the area and repetitious transitions between marine and freshwater conditions presented opportunities for the colonization of newly emerging hydrological networks and diversification of aquatic biota. Implementing mitochondrial and nuclear markers in conjunction with a large‐scale sampling strategy, we investigated the impact of this spatiotemporal framework on the evolutionary history of a freshwater crustacean morphospecies. The Gammarus balcanicus species complex is widely distributed in the area previously occupied by the Paratethys Sea. Our results revealed its high diversification and polyphyly in relation to a number of other morphospecies. The distribution of the studied amphipod is generally characterized by very high local endemism and divergence. The Bayesian time‐calibrated reconstruction of phylogeny and geographical distribution of ancestral nodes indicates that this species complex started to diversify in the Early Miocene in the central Balkans, partially in the shallow epicontinental sea. It is possible that there were several episodes of inland water colonization by local brackish water lineages. Subsequent diversification within clades and spread to new areas could have been induced by Alpine orogeny in the Miocene/Pliocene and, finally, by Pleistocene glaciations. The present distribution of clades, in many cases, still reflects Miocene palaeogeography of the area. Our results point out that investigations of the historical aspect of cryptic diversity in other taxa may help in a general understanding of the origins of freshwater invertebrate fauna of Europe.
Synthesis A Typology of Benefit Sharing Arrangements for the Governance of Social-Ecological Systems in Developing Countries

This study explores and interprets relevant literature to construct a typology of benefit sharing arrangements for the governance of social-ecological systems in developing countries. The typology comprises three generic categories of benefit sharing arrangements: collaborative, market-oriented, and egalitarian. We contend that the three categories provide a useful basis for exploring and classifying the different societal arrangements required for governance of social-ecological systems. The typology we present is founded on a related set of explicit assumptions that can be used to explore and better understand the linkages among ecosystem services, benefit sharing, and governance. Issues that are strongly related to sustainability in developing countries form the core basis of our assumptions. Our aim is not to write a definitive exposition, but to spark debate and engage ongoing dialogue on governance and benefit sharing in the field of social-ecological systems.
A single tetracycline-regulated vector devised for controlled insulin gene expression.

OBJECTIVE To construct a single plasmid vector mediating doxycycline-inducible recombined human insulin gene expression in myotube cell line. METHODS An expression cassette of rtTAnls driven by promoter of human cytomegalovirus and a furin-cuttable recombined human insulin expression cassette driven by a reverse poly-tetO DNA motif were cloned into a single plasmid vector (prTR-tetO-mINS). The prTR-tetO-mINS and pLNCX were co-transfected into a myotube cell line (C2C12) and pLNCX vector were used as a control. After selection with G418, the transfected cells were induced with doxycycline at concentrations of 0, 2, and 10 microg/mL. RT-PCR was used to determine expression levels of recombinant insulin mRNA at the 5th day. Insulin production in cell cultures medium (at different incubation time) and cell extracts (at the 7th day) were analyzed with human pro/insulin RIA kits. RESULTS Immune reactive insulin (IRI) level in cell medium was found increased at 24 hours of doxycycline incubation, and still increased at the 5th day. After withdrawn of doxycycline, IRI decreased sharply and was at baseline three days later. IRI and human insulin mRNA levels were positively related to different levels of doxycycline. A 25-fold increase in IRI was found against background expression at the 7th day. CONCLUSION Human insulin expression can be successfully regulated by doxycycline and the background was very low. This single tet-on insulin expression system may provide a new approach to a controlled insulin gene therapy in skeletal muscle.
RENAL FUNCTION DURING PROLONGED EXERCISE

For a long time it has been known that intensive exercise influences renal function. In 1878 Leube reported proteinuria following strenous exercise among soldiers whose early morning urine was free of protein. In 1910 Barach studied the urine of marathon runners and found protein, hyaline and granular casts, and also red blood cells. Over the past few years the mechanism and significance of the renal involvement during exercise has been extensively studied. :'-O The purpose of the present report is to give a comprehensive survey of renal function during exercise with emphasis on prolonged heavy exercise. In order to elucidate the effect of such exercise on renal function, this work has been subdivided into renal hemodynamics, concentration mechanisms, electrolyte excretion, and proteinuria. For data we used our results from an investigation of renal function in normal subjects during an 85-km ski race. , Renal hemodynamic changes, however, could be studied only during short periods of heavy exercise under laboratory conditions, and therefore in this case data from our results in healthy volunteers are also presented. ', lo
Multimodal Imaging for the Detection of Brown Adipose Tissue Activation in Women: A Pilot Study Using NIRS and Infrared Thermography

Purpose A clear link between obesity and brown adipose tissue (BAT) dysfunction has been recently demonstrated. The purpose of this pilot study is to determine if near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) 2D imaging together with infrared thermography (IRT) is capable of identifying thermal and vascular response in the supraclavicular (SCV) areas after the ingestion of an oral glucose load as a thermogenic stimulation. Method We studied two groups of women (obese versus lean) for discerning their different responses. NIRS and IRT images were acquired on the neck in the left SCV region during a 3 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and immediately after a cold stimulation. Results We detected a significant thermal response of BAT in SCV fossa in both groups. Both during OGTT and after cold stimulation, skin temperature was persistently higher in lean versus obese. This response was not coupled with changes in oxygen saturation of subcutaneous tissue in that area. Discussion and Conclusion The results show that NIRS/IRT may be a novel, noninvasive, radiation-free, easy to use, and low-cost method for monitoring, during the standard clinical practice, the diet and pharmacological intervention which aims to stimulate BAT as a potential therapeutic target against obesity and diabetes.
High-Step-Up and High-Efficiency Fuel-Cell Power-Generation System with ZVS Operation for Grid Connected System

A high-efficiency fuel-cell powergeneration system with an active-clamp ZVS converter is presented in this paper to boost a 16-V dc voltage into a 320-V 50-Hz ac voltage. The proposed system includes a high-efficiency high-step-up interleaved soft-switching flyback–forward converter and a full-bridge inverter. The front-end active-clamp ZVS converter has the advantages of zero-voltage-switching performance for all the primary switches, reverse-recovery-problem alleviation for the secondary output diodes, large voltageconversion ratio, and small input-current ripple. Furthermore, there are two coupled inductors in the proposed converter. Each coupled inductor can work in the ZVS mode when the corresponding main switch is in the turn-on state and in the forward mode when it is in the turnoff state, which takes full use of the magnetic core and improves the power density. In addition, the full-bridge inverter with an LC low-pass filter is adopted to provide low-totalharmonic-distortion ac voltage to the load. Therefore, high-efficiency and high-power density conversion can be achieved in a wide input-voltage range by employing the proposed system.
Treatment of refractory reflex sympathetic dystrophy with pamidronate.

also a non-significant increase in DR8.4 However, our most striking finding was the absence of a DR2 association with SLE, as this had been found in the studies from Hong Kong and Korea4 5 and in a further study from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.6 One possible explanation for these differences could be genetic admixture in the Singapore Chinese population, as there has been some intermarriage with Malays, Indians, and Europeans since the seventeenth century. In contrast, Hong Kong Chinese rarely marry non-Chinese. This could explain the presence in the Singapore SLE patients of the typical white population SLE susceptibility haplotype carrying DR3 and DQ2. Another explanation could be ethnic heterogeneity among the southern Chinese. In Singapore, for example, approximately 75% of the Chinese migrated from Furjian Province, whereas 90% or more of the Hong Kong Chinese came from Guangdong Province. Unfortunately, the HIA distributions in these populations are not well characterised, but there may be significant differences which could have implications for the relative frequencies of MHC haplotypes (particularly DR2) predisposing to SLE in these populations.
Information in the Yield Curve: A Macro-Finance Approach

We use a macro-finance model, incorporating macroeconomic and financial factors, to study the term premium in the U.S. bond market. Estimating the model using Bayesian techniques, we find that a single factor explains most of the variation in bond risk premiums. Furthermore, the model-implied risk premiums account for up to 40% of the variability of one- and two-year excess returns. Using the model to decompose yield spreads into an expectations and a term premium component, we find that, although this decomposition does not seem important to forecast economic activity, it is crucial to forecast inflation for most forecasting horizons.
Hand-eye servo and impedance control for manipulator arm to capture target satellite safely

SUMMARY A crucial problem is the risk that a manipulator arm would be damaged by twisting or bending during and after contacting a target satellite. This paper presents a solution to minimize the risk of damage to the arm and thereby enhance contact performance. First, a hand-eye servo controller is proposed as a method for accurately tracking and capturing a target satellite. Next, a motion planning strategy is employed to obtain the best-fit contacting moments. Also, an impedance control law is implemented to increase protection during operation and to ensure more accurate compliance. Finally, to overcome the challenge of verifying algorithms for a space manipulator while on the ground, a novel experimental system with a 6-DOF (degree of freedom) manipulator on a chaser field robot is presented and implemented to capture a target field robot; the proposed methods are then validated using the experimental platform.
Reliability of self-reported household pesticide use

Household pesticide exposure has been associated with cancer risk in both adults and children. We investigated the reliability of reported lifetime household pesticide exposure through repeated administration of a standardized questionnaire. A questionnaire including detailed questions about lifetime frequency and duration of pesticide use in nonoccupational circumstances was administered on two occasions to 163 cutaneous melanoma cases and 113 controls. We investigated the agreement between the two measurements taken on average 12 months apart and studied the association between differences in the two measurements and a set of explanatory variables. According to the results of the reliability analysis, we also corrected the odds ratio estimates from the main study. The agreement for duration and frequency of use of pesticides outdoors was 89.5% (Cohen's κ = 0.48) and 92.0% (Cohen's κ = 0.40), respectively, whereas duration and frequency of use of pesticides indoors agreement was 75.4% (Cohen's κ = 0.32) and 77.4% (Cohen's κ = 0.28), respectively. The agreement was higher for duration (97.4%; Cohen's κ = 0.72) and use of pesticides on domestic animals (86.4%; Cohen's κ = 0.68). The corrected odds ratio showed a moderate increase with a reinforcement of the effect of pesticides. Overall, there was a good reproducibility in self-reported exposure to pesticides. This findings may reinforce earlier studies that showed that residential pesticides may cause cancer.
Nitrogen hydrides and the H2 ortho-to-para ratio in dark clouds

Nitrogen-bearing species are common tracers of the physical conditions in a wide variety of objects, and most remarkably, in dark clouds. The reservoir of gaseous nitrogen is expected to be atomic or molecular, but none of the two species are observable in the dark gas. Their abundances therefore derive indirectly from those of N-bearing species through chemical modelling. The recent years have accumulated data that stress our incomplete understanding of the nitrogen chemistry in dark cloud conditions. To tackle this problem of the nitrogen chemistry in cold gas, we have revised the formation of nitrogen hydrides, which is initiated by the key reaction N + + H2 − − → NH + + H. We propose a new rate for this reaction that depends on the ortho-to-para ratio of H2 . T his new rate allows reproduction of the abundance ratios of the three nitrogen hydrides, NH, NH2 ,a nd NH 3, which are observed towards IRAS 16293-2422, provided that the channel leading to NH from the dissociative recombination of N2H + is not closed at low temperature. The ortho-to-para ratio of H2 is constrained to O/P = 10 −3 by the abundance ratio NH:NH2, which provides a new method of measuring O/P. This work stresses the need for reaction rates at the low temperatures of dark clouds, and for branching ratios of critical dissociative recombination reactions.
Knowledge assistance for ground target tracking and resource management

Tracking slow moving ground targets from airborne phased array radar is a challenging task. Some of the major issues are heading accuracy of slow moving target and radar resource management in clutter regions. In this paper, we propose a novel tracking framework using digital map and clutter knowledge bases to efficiently track the ground moving target using airborne phased array radar. The proposed technique uses offline processed digital map for fast retrieval of road parameters. Also, the proposed radar data processor provides feedback to populate and update the clutter knowledge-base. A fast yet robust method is employed for ground mapping of targets and to detect map features such as road junctions. Experimental results show (i) the robustness of the map knowledge assisted tracking approach when target moves along different kinds of path (i.e. on/off the road) (ii) better heading accuracies achieved by knowledge assistance and (iii) radar resource management in clutter region with knowledge-base.