Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Teaching-Learning Practices: Implementation and Challenges of Student-Centered Learning Approach in Higher Education of Ethiopia

Student-centered learning approach is a key factor which focuses on students’ learning experiences and development, well-being and retention so that higher educational learning is delivered in ways that are demonstrably in the students’ best interests. In the teacher-centered approach to teaching, most of the class time is spent with the teacher lecturing and the student watching, listening and taking notes. The present study aimed to explore students’ and instructors’ perception, practices and challenges in implementing SCL. The study employed descriptive survey design by combining quantitative and qualitative approach to collect, process, analyzes and presents the data. A total of 12 instructors and 66 students of the second and third year psychology students have participated in the study through availability and purposive sampling technique. The instruments were questionnaire, classroom observation and un-structured interviews were conducted. Accordingly, the findings indicated that the teaching practices in implementing student-centered learning approach were not as expected. The result also showed that instructors had positive attitude toward the SCL, regarding several aspects such as providing the benefits to both students and instructors, being effective for teaching, creating close relationship and establishing active classroom Short Research Article Moges; JESBS, 32(4): 1-16, 2019; Article no.JESBS. 46225 2 environment. In the end, instructors also agreed that student-centered instruction will improve the ability of the students to learn the courses. Due to different challenges, most of the students were less interested to learn by SCL, such as sense of fear, lack of interest and confidence. The study further found that the lack of classroom facilities and conditions, large class size, inadequate teachers training, tendency of focusing on teacher-centered approach and limited ability to implement were the challenges of implementing. Finally, it is recommended that responsible bodies rearrange the facilities and conditions necessary inputs for the effective implantation of SCL. To minimize the challenges, instructors should create different techniques to make students participants in teaching-learning process.
The effects of smoking addiction and physical activity on some respiratory functions in female university students

Aim:The aim of this study is to examine the effects of smoking addiction and physical activity on some of the respiratory functions in female university students. Methods:103 female students who did not have any health problems, who had an average age of 20,00 (years), average height of 163,6 (cm) and average weight of 55,88 (kg) participated in the study voluntarily. Female students who participated in the study were grouped according to their states of having smoking addiction (athlete, sedentary) and doing exercise (athlete, sedentary) and later some of the respiratory functions were measured. SPSS program was used in the statistical analysis of the data obtained. Shapiro-wilk test was used to find out the normality distribution of the data. Kruskal Wallis test was used in the analysis of the data which were not normally distributed and Mann-Whitney U test was used in sub-groups. Results: FVC(Forced Vital Capasity), FEV1(Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second), FEV1(Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second )/FVC(Forced Vital Capasity), PEF(Peak Expiratory Flow), FEF25-75% (Forced Expiratory Flow at 25-75% ), VC(Vital Capacity) and MVV(Maximal Voluntary Ventilation) values of the female students who were engaged in sports were found to be significantly higher when compared with the groups which were not engaged in sports (p<0,05). Conclusion:In addition, in terms of the variable of smoking addiction, statistically significant difference was found between the FEV1, FEV1/FVC(%), PEF (L/s), FEF25-75% (L/s) and MVV values of the female student groups in favour of sedentary and athlete students who were not smokers.
A Comparative Case Study on Tools for Internal Software Quality Measures

Internal software quality is measured using quality metrics, which are implemented in static software analysis tools. There is no current research on which tool is the best suited to improve internal software quality, i.e. implements scientifically validated metrics, has sufficient features and consistent measurement results. The approach to solve this problem was to find academic papers that have validated software metrics and then find tools that support these metrics, additionally these tools were evaluated for consistency of results and other user relevant characteristics. An evaluation of the criteria above resulted in a recommendation for the Java/C/C++ tool Understand and the C/C++ tool QAC.
Effect of Showing Angiograms to Patients After Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Anxiety and Illness Perception: A Randomized, Blinded, Controlled Clinical Trial

Background: As an invasive modality, a coronary angioplasty may cause a great deal of anxiety in patients and affect their mental health and general well-being. Accordingly, we sought to assess whether showing patients the video of their elective percutaneous coronary intervention (angiogram) could affect their illness perception and anxiety level. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, the patients undergoing angioplasty, were randomly divided into two groups of 30 patients. Angiograms were shown only to the intervention group postprocedurally. A checklist comprising demographic data and clinical presentations as well as the Beck anxiety questionnaire and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) was completed for each patient immediately after the intervention and one month later. The differences in the patients’ anxiety level and illness perception were analyzed. Results: In the intervention group, the mean anxiety score before and after watching the angiograms was 34.26 ± 8.1 and 24.4 ± 8.56, respectively. While in the control group, the score before and after angioplasty was 34.46 ± 9.34 and 26.6 ± 9.44, respectively. Thus, watching angiograms led to a significant decrease in the anxiety score in the intervention group, whereas there was no such difference in the control group. There was also a considerable difference in the anxiety score between the two groups. Further, there was a significant decrease in the BIPQ score of the intervention group after watching the angioplasty videos. Conclusion: Educating cardiovascular patients about diagnostic and therapeutic procedures may confer such good outcomes as alleviated anxiety, enhanced satisfaction, and ultimately, fewer anxiety-related complications.
Maintenance of Alertness for a Car Driver by a Visual Feedback of Eye-gaze Motion and Arousal Level

We propose a new method for a car driver to help maintain alertness, which is based on a visual feedback of point of gaze (POG) and arousal level. History of horizontal and vertical POG (hvPOG) or horizontal POG (hPOG) is presented using position, brightness and color of visual stimuli. The color is determined by arousal level estimated with percentage of eye closure (PERCLOS). In order to evaluate the effect of the proposed method time courses of PERCLOS, reaction time to a visual target and subjective sleepiness during viewing a car driving movie were investigated for 9 subjects in conditions with a visual feedback of hvPOG (FB1) and hPOG (FB2), and without any feedback (control). Mean PERCLOS for 9 subjects tended to increase with time in all three conditions. The PERCLOS significantly exceeded the value of 5% for 10 out of 20 minutes in control condition, while that was not the case in FB1 and FB2 condition. Compared with the control condition, mean reaction time was significantly shorter (FB1:714 [ms], FB2:713 [ms] and control:804 [ms]) and the subjects reported weaker sleepiness in FB1 and FB2. These results show that the proposed method is effective to extend alertness.
Rural Ageing: Iran is on the Brink of a New Social Problem

The paper aims to examine the population ageing as a new phenomenon effecting rural areas in Iran. Population ageing is going up throughout the country especially in the rural areas by 6.8 percent. fertility decline, increase in the youth migration to cities, and coming back to rural areas after retiring are the major factors which involve in rural ageing. This may jeopardize the communities. findings derived from conducted research indicated as the rural population ageing increases the elderly who are the resident of the areas will be faced with challenges such as lack of social security, inadequate access to health care services due to lack of proper infrastructure, Social isolation and loneliness etc. On the other hand, the rural shrinkage leads to metropolitan centres and prefectural capitals expand very rapidly, which results in overcrowding in some urban districts. In addition, resistance to change production modes, lack of creativity, innovation, and production development, reduction in productivity, decline in fertility, vicious circle of rural ageing, limited agriculture land falling into disuse, and threatening the economic security are the direct consequences of rural ageing threatening the whole country. So, if the policymakers pay no attention the rural ageing, we will encounter serious problem in the near future.
Protective Effects Of Solanium Nigrum Methanolic Extract Against Isoniazid/Rifampicin Induced Hepatotoxicity In Rats

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the major health problem that resulted from uses of many drugs especially from serious adverse effect of antituberculosis (ATT) drugs. forty eight rats (200-250g) were allocated into six groups (8 rats in each group), and treated as follow: group I: received normal saline orally; group II: received INH/RFP (50 mg/Kg/day of each) for 28 days orally; group III: received Silymarin (50 mg/kg/day) + INH/RFP for 28 days orally; group IV: received SNME(250 mg/Kg/day) + INH/RFP for 28 days orally; group V: received SNME (500 mg/Kg/day) + INH/RFP for 28 days orally; group VI, received SNME (1000 mg/Kg/day) + INH/RFP for 28 days orally. Co-administration of herbal plant (SNME) with INH/RFP reduced elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and (bilirubin total &direct) levels but also decreased the elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) & tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) contents in liver homogenate. Moreover, co-administration of herbal plant (SNME) with INH/RFP increased glutathione peroxidase (GPX) & adiponectin activity. Solanum nigrum administration to rats, in present study, led to a remarkable alteration of histological changes observed in INH/RFP group. It is concluded that Solanum nigrum might be considered as adjuvant drug in treatment of liver disorder and/or as hepatoprotective therapy with anti-tubercular drugs.
Problematic Internet Use and health behaviors in adolescent residents of urban and rural areas in Poland - a cross-sectional study

Results: 28.2% of respondents used the Internet for over 6 hours on school days, compared to 45.8% on noschool days. In total, high and very high risk of Internet addiction was recorded in 7.7% of respondents. Significantly higher PIU scores were reported in the residents of rural areas (p <0.05). Most respondents exhibited positive health behaviors. Higher index of general health behaviors correlated with a stronger declared willingness to reduce online activity in favor of spending time outside the house.
The possibility to control diseases caused by colletotrichum species in strawberries

Colletotrichum species are important plant pathogen fungi that cause significant crop losses before and after harvest worldwide. It is known that three species of Colletotrichum are caused by Anthracnose Disease in Strawberry. These are Colletotrichum fragariae A.N. Brooks, Colletotrichum acutatum J.H. Simmonds, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.)Penz. &Sacc.in Penz. (telemorph Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. &H.Scherenk). Strawberry anthracnose symptoms caused by C. a cutatum , C. fragariae and C. gloeosporioides are similar, and all three species of the plant leaves, stolon, flower, green and ripe fruits are symptoms, and all three species symptoms of leaves, stolon, flower green and ripe fruits are on the plant. Strawberry production is seen in all stages of the plant from seedling production from to harvest period and seedling and crop losses. The pathogen has become widespread on seedling material throughout the world over the last two decades. This review covers detailed information on the anthracnose diseases caused by Colletotrichum species in strawberries, disease cycle, and control methods. The review was prepared to assist researchers studying on strawberry diseases, extension services, strawberry farmers, and seedling producers.
Fatigue in myotonic dystrophy type 1: a seven-year prospective study

Objectives Cross-sectional studies reported fatigue in 50-90% of patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). The aim of this research was to assess frequency of fatigue in DM1 patients during a seven-year period. Materials and methods Study included 64 DM1 patients at baseline (50% males, age 42 ± 12 years), and 38 after seven years. Following scales were used: Muscular Impairment Rating Scale (MIRS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS, score equal to or greater than 36 indicates significant fatigue), and Daytime Sleepiness Scale (DSS, score of more than six is considered significant). Results At baseline, 54% of DM1 patients had fatigue and 46% had excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Ten (32%) patients with fatigue had no EDS. At the baseline, patients with fatigue were older, were more likely to had adult-onset DM1, worse MIRS and DSS compared to the patients without fatigue. After seven years, FSS score increased (34 ± 15 vs 48 14, p < 0.01), fatigue was found in 82% of patients, and EDS in 60%. Still eight (26%) patients with fatigue had no EDS. Fatigue progression did not parallel MIRS increase. Conclusions Fatigue is a common symptom of DM1 and its progression during time did not correlate with the progression of muscle weakness.
The Excess Smoothness and Sensitivity of Consumption in the V4 Countries

This paper contributes to the debate on the Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH) and excess consumption smoothness and sensitivity in the context of conditions in the V4 countries. This paper also shows results contrary to the belief of the Permanent Income Hypothesis/Random Walk Hypothesis that the change in consumption is an innovation which is not predictable by lagged saving or lagged income change. The paper tests the implication of the Permanent Income Hypothesis/Random Walk Hypothesis, using quarterly aggregate data for 1995–2017 in the V4 countries. A vector autoregression for saving and changes in disposable income is used to generate a forecast of declines in disposable income. As a result, when income changes abruptly, the resulting change in consumption is much smoother and conversely, when changes in income are anticipated, consumption responds sensitively. The aggregate consumption is both excessively smooth relative to the new information causing consumers’ revision of previous expectations about current and future income, and excessively sensitive to lagged income growth.
INVENTORY CONTROL MANAGEMENT AND REVENUE GENERATING CAPABILITIES OF OIL AND GAS DRILLING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Abstract The critical role of effective inventory control has been much emphasized in the oil and gas industry which is subdivided into upstream and downstream sectors with drilling activities falling within the upstream subsector. In light of this development, this study investigates effective inventory control and effective drilling activities of oil and gas drilling firms as well as its relationship with revenue generating capabilities of oil drilling firms in Nigeria. Simple random sampling technique was adopted. Presentation and analyses of primary data collected with questionnaire and testing of the hypotheses were done using percentage and Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficient. The results from the tests with the use SPSS show positive and significant correlation between in effective inventory management and downtime in the operations of oil and gas drilling with a correlation value of 0.682 with p-value = 0.001< 0.05 which implies that there is 68% relationship between ineffective management and downtime drilling. There is a significant correlation between incessant downtime in operations of oil and gas drilling firms and their income level owing to poorly managed inventory control with a correlation coefficient value of 0.788 with p-value = 0.000< 0.05 which implies that there is 79% relationship between income (profit) level and downtime in drilling operations. Incessant downtime in drilling operations of oil and gas firms as a result of poor inventory control management has significant difference with termination of contract of oil drilling firms with the result the F-cal value as 344.632 while F tabulated value as 3.901 leading to rejection of hull hypothesis. Based on the findings, it was the recommended that oil drilling firms should strengthen their inventory management system for effective and timely work delivery in order to avert downtime, loss of income and termination of contracts. Finally, members of staff of an oil and gas drilling firms in inventory unit should be trained and retrained on regular basis to embrace technological changes in inventory management to improve their performances which would in turn strengthen the inventory management of such firms.
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS) in Newly Diagnosed Child with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report

Turkish Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, published by Galenos Publishing. Address for Correspondence/Yazisma Adresi: Ihab Abdulhameed Ahmad MD, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia E-mail: ihabhalaby2002@hotmail.com Recevied/Gelis Tarihi: 01.11. 2012 Accepted/Kabul Tarihi: 17.01. 2013 Abs tract Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS), which is characterized by marked elevations in serum glucose concentrations and hyperosmolality without signifi cant ketosis, has been rarely reported in children. However, the incidence of this disorder in children is increasing with the rise of frequently reported cases describing HHS in children. We report a 7-year-old male patient who presented with HHS with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus complicated by hypernatremic dehydration. The patient had a good outcome, discharged home within 7 days. Turk Jem 2013; 17: 19-21
Extending the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy v2.55)
model hierarchy: The ECHAM/MESSy idealized (EMIL) model
set-up

As models of the Earth system grow in complexity, a need emerges to connect them with simplified systems through model hierarchies in order to improve process understanding. The Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) was developed to incorporate chemical processes into an Earth System model. It provides an environment to allow for model configurations and setups of varying complexity, and as of now the hierarchy ranges from a chemical box model to a fully coupled chemistry–climate model. Here, we present a newly implemented dry dynamical core model setup within the MESSy framework, denoted as ECHAM/MESSy IdeaLized (EMIL) model setup. EMIL is developed with the aim to provide an easily accessible idealized model setup that is consistently integrated in the MESSy model hierarchy. The implementation in MESSy further enables the utilization of diagnostic chemical tracers. The setup is achieved by the implementation of a new submodel for relaxation of temperature and horizontal winds to given background values, which replaces all other “physics” submodels in the EMIL setup. The submodel incorporates options to set the needed parameters (e.g., equilibrium temperature, relaxation time and damping coefficient) to functions used frequently in the past. This study consists of three parts. In the first part, test simulations with the EMIL model setup are shown to reproduce benchmarks provided by earlier dry dynamical core studies. In the second part, the sensitivity of the coupled troposphere– stratosphere dynamics to various modifications of the setup is studied. We find a non-linear response of the polar vortex strength to the prescribed meridional temperature gradient in the extratropical stratosphere that is indicative of a regime transition. In agreement with earlier studies, we find that the tropospheric jet moves poleward in response to the increase in the polar vortex strength but at a rate that strongly depends on the specifics of the setup. When replacing the idealized topography to generate planetary waves by mid-tropospheric wave-like heating, the response of the tropospheric jet to changes in the polar vortex is strongly damped in the free troposphere. However, near the surface, the jet shifts poleward at a higher rate than in the topographically forced simulations. Those results indicate that the wave-like heating might have to be used with care when studying troposphere– stratosphere coupling. In the third part, examples for possible applications of the model system are presented. The first example involves simulations with simplified chemistry to study the impact of dynamical variability and idealized changes on tracer transport, and the second example involves simulations of idealized monsoon circulations forced by localized heating. The ability to incorporate passive and chemically active tracers in the EMIL setup demonstrates the potential for future studies of tracer transport in the idealized dynamical model.
Neural Correlates of Musical Timbre Perception in Williams Syndrome

Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare, neurodevelopmental genetic disorder. Many individuals with WS exhibit auditory aversions and attractions and are extremely emotionally affected by and interested in music. Given their auditory sensitivities, including an apparent ability to discriminate amongst particular classes of sounds (e.g., vacuum cleaners), it has been hypothesized that individuals with WS may show superior timbre discrimination abilities. However, in contrast to this anecdotal evidence, recent research reveals that individuals with WS predominantly process the fundamental frequency in complex tones rather than the spectral information, which is important for distinguishing amongst different timbres. The present study aimed to clarify timbre perception abilities in WS. Participants included 18 adults with WS and 15 typically developing (TD) controls. Participants performed a timbre detection task while EEG was recorded. Participants heard sequences of 500-ms instrumental tones (trumpet: 42% of stimuli; cello: 42%; piano: 16%). The onset and decay of the tones was replaced with a 10-ms envelope. Participants were asked to respond to the piano tones. Event-related potential (ERP) analyses revealed robust P300 responses to the target piano tones in the WS and TD groups. Individuals with WS also demonstrated differences in P300 amplitude between the non-target cello and trumpet timbres. In the WS group only, there was early and sustained increased induced alpha-band (8-12 Hz) activity to the cello vs. trumpet timbre. Thus, results indicate greater attentional and sensory processing of instrumental timbres in WS compared with TD individuals. Implications will be discussed for auditory sensitivities and