Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In‐depth analysis of cysteine oxidation by the RBC proteome: Advantage of peroxiredoxin II knockout mice

Peroxiredoxin II (Prdx II, a typical 2‐Cys Prdx) has been originally isolated from erythrocytes, and its structure and peroxidase activity have been adequately studied. Mice lacking Prdx II proteins had heinz bodies in their peripheral blood, and morphologically abnormal cells were detected in the dense red blood cell (RBC) fractions, which contained markedly higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, a labeling experiment with the thiol‐modifying reagent biotinylated iodoacetamide (BIAM) in Prdx II−/− mice revealed that a variety of RBC proteins were highly oxidized. To identify oxidation‐sensitive proteins in Prdx II−/− mice, we performed RBC comparative proteome analysis in membrane and cytosolic fractions by nano‐UPLC‐MSE shotgun proteomics. We found oxidation‐sensitive 54 proteins from 61 peptides containing cysteine oxidation, and analyzed comparative expression pattern in healthy RBCs of Prdx II+/+ mice, healthy RBCs of Prdx II−/− mice, and abnormal RBCs of Prdx II−/− mice. These proteins belonged to cellular functions related with RBC lifespan maintain, such as cytoskeleton, stress‐induced proteins, metabolic enzymes, signal transduction, and transporters. Furthermore, protein networks among identified oxidation‐sensitive proteins were analyzed to associate with various diseases. Consequently, we expected that RBC proteome might provide clues to understand redox‐imbalanced diseases.
Echocardiographic measurements of the aorta in normal children and young adults.

BACKGROUND To be able to determine aortic valve and ascending aorta pathology, especially aortic root dilatation, it is important to establish normal aortic dimensions. The aim of the study was to measure the dimensions of the aorta in normal healthy children and young adults in Slovakia. PATIENTS AND METHODS 702 healthy subjects, from newborns to 20 years of age, were examined at our institution. The study was carried out prospectively, by a single observer, using digitized two-dimensional (2D), Doppler and M-mode echocardiography. The aorta was measured at 3 sites: 1. aortic valve annulus, 2. sinuses of Valsalva, 3. sinotubular junction. Patients were divided into 28 groups according to their body surface area (BSA)--from 0.15 to 2.0 m2. All data were statistically evaluated (mean value, 5th and 95th percentile for all BSA groups) and regression equations were calculated for each parameter. RESULTS All 3 measured aortic parameters correlated closely. Measures of correlation (R-squared) for aortic parameters with the square root of BSA were high: 0.89 for aortic valve annulus, 0.86 for sinuses of Valsalva and 0.86 for sinotubular junction (Tab. 3, Fig. 7, Ref 13). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj. sk
Design of Dual-Band Filtering Quadrature Coupler Using $\lambda /2$  and $\lambda /4$ Resonators

This letter presents, for the first time, a dual-band filtering quadrature coupler with high skirt selectivity. The proposed coupler employs two sets of resonators, i.e., four half-wavelength resonators and four quarter-wavelength resonators. The former not only operate at the upper passband but also feed the latter. The inherently realized source-load coupling for lower passband contributes two additional transmission zeros close to the two edges of lower passband. The tapped feeding position results in a pair of transmission zeros in the vicinity of the upper passband. The central frequencies and bandwidth of the two passbands can be independently designed. For verification, the simulated and measured results of a dual band filtering quadrature coupler operating at 2.77 and 3.55 GHz are presented showing good agreement.
Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene

Surface winds and surface ocean hydrography in the subpolar North Atlantic appear to have been influenced by variations in solar output through the entire Holocene. The evidence comes from a close correlation between inferred changes in production rates of the cosmogenic nuclides carbon-14 and beryllium-10 and centennial to millennial time scale changes in proxies of drift ice measured in deep-sea sediment cores. A solar forcing mechanism therefore may underlie at least the Holocene segment of the North Atlantic's “1500-year” cycle. The surface hydrographic changes may have affected production of North Atlantic Deep Water, potentially providing an additional mechanism for amplifying the solar signals and transmitting them globally.
The effects of temperature on the interactions between volatile general anaesthetics and a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

1 Completely isolated identified neurones from the right parietal ganglion of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis were investigated under two‐electrode voltage clamp. Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) currents were studied at low acetylcholine concentrations (≤200 nM). 2 Inhibition of the ACh‐induced currents by three volatile general anaesthetics (halothane, isoflurane and methoxyflurane) and the specific inhibitor (+)‐tubocurarine was studied as a function of temperature (over the range 4–25°C). 3 The inhibition by the volatile anaesthetics increased (inhibition constants decreased) with decreasing temperature while the inhibition by (+)‐tubocurarine did not change significantly near room temperature, but decreased at lower temperatures. The (+)‐tubocurarine inhibition appeared to be competitive in nature and showed no significant voltage‐dependence. 4 The van't Hoff plots, (logarithms of the dissociation constants against reciprocal absolute temperature) were linear for the anaesthetics, but markedly non‐linear for (+)‐tubocurarine. From these plots, values for the changes in the standard Gibbs free energy ΔG°water→AChR, enthalpy ΔH°water→. AChR, entropy ΔS°water→AChR and heat capacity ΔC°p water→AChR were determined. Tubocurarine was found to bind very much tighter to the receptor than the volatile anaesthetics due, entirely, to a favourable increase in entropy on binding. 5 A comparison between the temperature‐dependence of the anaesthetic inhibition of the ACh receptor and that of general anaesthetic potencies in animals indicates that the temperature‐dependence of animal potencies might be simply accounted for in terms of changes in anaesthetic/receptor binding.
Les circonstancielles sont des complétives

Cet article propose une analyse des subordonnees circonstancielles differente de la description habituelle des subordonnees circonstancielles. Elle part d'abord de la constatation que ces phrases ne sont pas facultatives, puisque leur effacement change la nature du message. D'autre part, le relateur (connecteur) n'appartient pas a la subordonnee, puisqu'il n'y joue aucun role syntaxique. Il s'agit en fait d'un predicat du second ordre, dont les arguments sont respectivement la principale et la subordonnee. Cette analyse s'appuie sur la description des causales et des finales.
MESOSCOPIC SIMULATION CONCEPT FOR TRANSPORT CORRIDORS

A transport corridor is a (generally linear) tract of land in which at least one main line is provided for transport, whether it is a road, rail or canal facility. In this paper under transport corridor we will understand a road which connects two geographical points. The need of research and analysis of the transport corridors is mainly connected with wish to locate bottlenecks of the corridor and to estimate different characteristics, for example, the average speed along the corridor, the average travel time etc. To find out the decision the traffic flow simulation on microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic levels could be applied [1]. This classification is mainly connected with the detalisation level of transport infrastructure and traffic flow. The paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of the application of microscopic and macroscopic levels for transport corridor simulation. Also the overview of the existing mesoscopic models is presented and their disadvantages are described [2]. The main goal of this paper is to present a concept of new mesoscopic traffic model which is developed for transport corridor simulation with the acceptable level of output results exactness. This model consists of two submodels: submodel of transport infrastructure and submodel of traffic. The submodel of transport infrastructure is a link-node based model; it means that the transport infrastructure is presented in the form of links which connect two nodes. The link itself is divided into two parts: running part and queue part. This division is dynamic and could be recalculated. The running part presents a jam free road part, where volume delay function is used for the calculation of vehicles speed. The queue part presents the part of road, where queue before the crossroad is standing. The traffic interaction model in this part of road is presented with the high level of detalisation [3, 4]. This should lead to more exact output results. So this paper describes the disadvantages of microscopic and macroscopic models for simulation of transport corridors; the overview of existing mesoscopic models; it presents the concept of new mesoscopic traffic models.
Word Definitional Skills in School age Persian Speaking Children: A Developmental Study on Form

Objectives: Word definitional skills (WDSs) were classified according to the quality of both semantic content and syntactic form. The aim of the present study was to investigate the syntactic development in WDSs in typically developing school- age children. Methods: In this cross-sectional and descriptive- analytical study, 150 of typically developing schoolage children participated by the multistage sampling method in the second to sixth grade from primary schools in 1, 7 and 17 municipal districts of Tehran. The definition skill was assessed with word definition task. The reliability was assessed by two independent values and the validity was determined by the content. The results were analyzed by the SPSS (22th version) statistical software and with the method of independent- samples T test, univariate analysis of variance and Tukey test. Results: The form analysis revealed that all children use phrase/clause or simple sentence, transitional form and Aristotelian form frequently, but by increasing the age, definitions were developed from simple syntactic structure into Aristotelian form, in fact mean score of the form in word definition was significantly increased by age (p< 0.001). Discussion: Owing to the findings of this study, the development of word definitional skills in terms of form was developed from phrase/clause or simple sentence and transitional form responses into Aristotelian form. Also WDSs are closely related to academic success and the development of literacy.
Lignin-Modifying Enzymes of the White Rot Basidiomycete Ganoderma lucidum

ABSTRACT Ganoderma lucidum, a white rot basidiomycete widely distributed worldwide, was studied for the production of the lignin-modifying enzymes laccase, manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP), and lignin peroxidase (LiP). Laccase levels observed in high-nitrogen (HN; 24 mM N) shaken cultures were much greater than those seen in low-nitrogen (2.4 mM N), malt extract, or wood-grown cultures and those reported for most other white rot fungi to date. Laccase production was readily seen in cultures grown with pine or poplar (100-mesh-size ground wood) as the sole carbon and energy source. Cultures containing both pine and poplar showed 5- to 10-fold-higher levels of laccase than cultures containing pine or poplar alone. Since syringyl units are structural components important in poplar lignin and other hardwoods but much less so in pine lignin and other softwoods, pine cultures were supplemented with syringic acid, and this resulted in laccase levels comparable to those seen in pine-plus-poplar cultures. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of concentrated extracellular culture fluid from HN cultures showed two laccase activity bands (Mr of 40,000 and 66,000), whereas isoelectric focusing revealed five major laccase activity bands with estimated pIs of 3.0, 4.25, 4.5, 4.8, and 5.1. Low levels of MnP activity (∼100 U/liter) were detected in poplar-grown cultures but not in cultures grown with pine, with pine plus syringic acid, or in HN medium. No LiP activity was seen in any of the media tested; however, probing the genomic DNA with the LiP cDNA (CLG4) from the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium showed distinct hybridization bands suggesting the presence oflip-like sequences in G. lucidum.
Chandelier cells in the hippocampal formation of the rat: The entorhinal area and subicular complex

In the present study we describe the characteristics of the chandelier cells in the rat entorhinal cortex and subicular complex by using the Golgi method and combined Golgi‐electron microscopic techniques. In the entorhinal cortex, chandelier cells were frequently stained in layers II/III. Two types of axonal complexes were noted. One had a preferential horizontal orientation and gave rise to terminals located in the upper portion of layers II/III. The second type of chandelier cell axon was observed in the medial entorhinal area, innervating the entire extent of layers II/III. In the subicular complex, chandelier cells were frequently stained in the parasubiculum, whereas only a few cells were found in the presubiculum. In both subfields, chandelier cell axons were restricted to layers II/III. In the subiculum, most chandelier cells were present in the stratum radiatum, giving rise to a descending axon that branched in the stratum pyramidale. Both the size and morphological features of the chandelier cell terminal portions were found to be region‐specific.
Power-aware design of MCML logarithmic adders

This paper describes the low-power design of a MOS current-mode logarithmic adder. The adder utilizes the Brent-Kung tree structure. The design strategy adopted is very simple and effective. Moreover, it can be utilized also for other types of logarithmic adders. To validate it, several adders were designed in a TSMC CMOS 130nm technology. Results of simulations indicate that the proposed methodology offers a good starting point before fine-tuning the design by SPICE simulations. Finally, the tradeoff that can be realized between performance and power consumption is discussed.
WebGuard: Enhancing Intrusion Detection in Multi-tier Web Applications

today's world web applications and internet services have become an integral part of daily life, enabling communication and the management of personal information from anywhere. In order to accommodate humungous increase in demand and data complexity, web applications are moved to multitier design. With the increase in popularity of web applications, these applications also become target of various attacks. To protect multitier web applications several intrusion detection systems (IDS) have been proposed. This paper focuses on development of WebGuard - designed to deploy the IDS at the front end web server as well as the back end data base server. WebGuard generates the containers for isolating user sessions using virtualization technique. This strategy mainly focuses on detecting SQL Injection, Privilege Escalation, Session Hijacking, Direct DB and Cross Site Scripting (XSS) Attacks in multi-tier web applications by using a pattern mapping algorithm. This paper also proposes a preventive system to secure web applications from XSS attacks.
Comparison Among Phonation of the Sustained Vowel /ε/, Lip Trills, and Tongue Trills: The Amplitude of Vocal Fold Vibration and the Closed Quotient

Trill exercises are traditionally used in the clinical practice of speech-language pathology as vocal warm-ups in the treatment of dysphonia (Behlau & Pontes, 1995; Sataloff, 1991). They are also used by voice coaches (Aydos & Hanayama, 2004; Scarpel & Pinho, 2001) in the training of professional voice users, such as singers, actors (including voice actors), teachers, and lawyers. Although there are various types of trill exercises, including gargling, voiced fricatives, and simultaneous tongue/lip trills, the most commonly used exercises are tongue trills and lip trills (Scwarz & Cielo, 2009; Menezes et al., 2005).
Transcriptional termination at the end of the early region of bacteriophages T3 and T7 is not affected by polarity suppressors

Bacterial mutations of known rho genotype (psu-1 through psu-4) were shown to have no effect on transcriptional termination at the termination site at the end of the early region of T3 and T7 DNAs. Transcriptional termination was assayed in these bacterial mutants by comparing the patterns of late protein production produced by T3 and T7 amber I bacteriophage infection. All the rho (psu) mutants tested showed the same pattern of late protein production as the wild-type strain (rho+ or psu+) after T3 or T7 amber I infection. The presence of the mutant rho allele during bacteriophage infection, therefore, did not allow the host RNA polymerase to read through the terminator located at approximately 20% of the T3 and T7 genomes. These results suggest that rho factor may not be involved in reading of the T3 and T7 20% terminators in vivo.
Haematological manifestations of human immune deficiency virus infection

Early in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, infected patients presented to medical attention with striking abnormalities in each of the major blood cell lineages. The reasons for these derangements remain complex and multifactorial. HIV infects multipotent haematopoietic progenitor cells and establish latent cellular reservoirs, disturbs the bone marrow microenvironment and also causes immune dysregulation. These events lead to cytokine imbalances and disruption of other factors required for normal haematopoiesis. Activation of the reticulo‐endothelial system can also result in increased blood cell destruction. The deleterious effects of medications, including first and second generation anti‐retroviral agents, on haematopoiesis were well documented in the early years of HIV care; in the current era of HIV‐care, the advent of newer and less toxic anti‐retroviral drugs have had a more beneficial impact on haematopoiesis. Due to impaired regulation of the immune system and potential side effects of one or more anti‐retroviral agents, there is also an increase in coagulation abnormalities such as thromboembolism, and less frequently, acquired disorders of coagulation including thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, immune thrombocytopenic purpura and acquired inhibitors of coagulation. In this article we review the epidemiology and aetiology of select non‐oncological haematological disorders commonly seen in people living with HIV‐acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
Hepatic and Plasma Endothelin‐1 in Dogs with Chronic Hepatitis

Background Endothelin (ET)‐1 is a 21‐amino‐acid peptide with potent vasoactive properties, which increases intrahepatic resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) or cirrhosis. ET‐1 concentrations have not been investigated in dogs with CH. Hypothesis/Objectives This study compared hepatic and plasma ET‐1 levels in healthy dogs and in dogs with CH, and examined the relationship between the plasma ET‐1 level and portal vein pressure in dogs with CH. Animals Fourteen healthy dogs and twenty dogs with CH were used in this study. Methods Prospective case‐control study. Hepatic ET‐1 mRNA expression was determined by real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and hepatic and plasma ET‐1 levels were assessed using ELISA. Splenic pulp pressure (SPP), as an indicator of portal vein pressure, was measured laparoscopically. Results Hepatic ET‐1 mRNA levels were 3.7 times higher in dogs with CH than in healthy dogs (P = .008). The median hepatic and plasma ET‐1 protein levels were significantly higher in dogs with CH than in healthy dogs (13.20 pg/mg wet liver vs. 3.42 pg/mg wet liver, P = .004, and 0.99 pg/mL vs. 0.71 pg/mL, P = .013, respectively). Moreover, there was a weak but significant correlation between plasma ET‐1 level and SPP in dogs with CH (P = .036; r s = 0.53). Conclusions and clinical importance The results indicate that ET‐1 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension caused by CH.
Metastatic carcinoma of the ciliary body simulating uveitis. Diagnosis by cytologic examination of aqueous humor.

CYTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION of the aqueous humor established the presence of an ocular malignancy in a 64-year-old man who presented with "uveitis. " The tumor was a mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the ciliary body considered to be metastatic from a squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The part played by cytopathologic examination and the unusual nature of the ocular tumor are the principal features of the case report. Report of a Case For five months prior to admission, this 64-year-old white steel worker (06-65-93) was under ophthalmological care for chronic iridocyclitis of undetermined origin and secondary glaucoma. The condition was refractory to all treatment including topical and systemic corticosteroids, corticotropin, systemic antibiotics, and antituberculous therapy. The patient had a long history of cigarette smoking, morning cough, and an unexplained 4.5 kg (10 lb) weight loss during the course of the present illness. At the time of admission to the Ophthalmology Branch (March 23,
Nectin‐dependent localization of synaptic scaffolding molecule (S‐SCAM) at the puncta adherentia junctions formed between the mossy fibre terminals and the dendrites of pyramidal cells in the CA3 area of the mouse hippocampus

Background: Two types of intercellular junctions, synaptic junctions (SJs) and puncta adherentia junctions (PAs), are observed at the synapses between the mossy fibre terminals and the dendrites of pyramidal cells in the CA3 area of the hippocampus. SJs are associated with active zones and postsynaptic densities (PSDs) where neurotransmission occurs, whereas PAs are not associated with either of them. We have found that the nectin‐afadin unit as well as the N‐cadherin‐catenin unit localizes at the PAs and that both the units cooperatively organize the PAs. Nectins are Ca2+‐independent Ig‐like cell‐cell adhesion molecules and afadin is a nectin‐ and actin filament‐binding protein that connects nectins to the actin cytoskeleton. Synaptic scaffolding molecule (S‐SCAM) is a neural scaffolding protein which interacts with many proteins including neuroligin, NMDA receptors, neural plakophilin‐related armadillo‐repeat protein/δ‐catenin, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rap1 small G protein (PDZ‐Rap‐GEP), and β‐catenin. S‐SCAM has been suggested to be a component of PSDs, but its precise localization at the synapses remains unknown.
Electrocoagulation removal of anthraquinone dye Alizarin Red S from aqueous solution using aluminum electrodes: kinetics, isothermal and thermodynamics studies

Electrocoagulation (EC) was used for the removal of anthraquinone dye, Alizarin Red S (ARS) from aqueous solution, the process was carried out in a batch electrochemical cell with Al electrodes in monopolar connection. The effects of some important parameters such as current density, pH, temperature and initial dye concentration, on the process were investigated. Equilibrium was attained after 10 minutes at 30 oC. Pseudo-ﬁrst-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovic, and Avrami kinetic models were used to test the experimental data in order to elucidate the kinetic of the electrocoagulation process; pseudo-first-order and Avrami models best ﬁtted the data. Experimental data were analyzed using six isotherm models: Langmuir, Freudlinch, Redlich–Peterson, Temkin, Dubinin–Radushkevich and Sips isotherms and it was found that the data fitted well with Dubinin–Radushkevich and Sips isotherm model. The study showed that the process depend on current density, temperature, pH and initial dye concentration. The calculated thermodynamics parameters (∆G o , ∆H o and ∆S o ) indicated that the process is spontaneous and endothermic in nature.