Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance of Resource Allocation in Device-to-Device Communication Systems Based on Evolutionally Optimization Algorithms

In this study, the resource blocks (RB) are allocated to user equipment (UE) according to the evolutional algorithms for long term evolution (LTE) systems. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is one of the evolutionary algorithms, based on the imitation of a flock of birds foraging behavior through learning and grouping the best experience. In previous work, the Simple Particle Swarm Optimization (SPSO) algorithm was proposed for RB allocation to enhance the throughput of Device-to-Device (D2D) communications and improve the system capacity performance. In simulation results, with less population size of M = 10, the SPSO can perform quickly convergence to sub-optimal solution in the 100th generation and obtained sub-optimum performance with more 2 UEs than the Rand method. Genetic algorithm (GA) is one of the evolutionary algorithms, based on Darwinian models of natural selection and evolution. Therefore, we further proposed a Refined PSO (RPSO) and a novel GA to enhance the throughput of UEs and to improve the system capacity performance. Simulation results show that the proposed GA with 100 populations, in 200 generations can converge to suboptimal solutions. Therefore, with comparing with the SPSO algorithm the proposed GA and RPSO can improve system capacity performance with 1.8 and 0.4 UEs, respectively.
Tracheal opening manoeuvre (PEEP-20) in a patient with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and severe tracheobronchomalacia with neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is occasionally associated with tracheobronchomalacia, and it is this combination that can lead to serious outcomes. The most severe cases require tracheostomies, ventilatory support and eventually even tracheal stents or surgery. Ventilation in patients with tracheomalacia is complicated without a good patient-ventilator synchrony; the neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) mode is potentially beneficial in these cases. This case report presents a patient affected by BPD and severe tracheobronchomalacia who was tracheostomised and ventilated 24 hours a day and who suffered from episodes of airway collapse despite using the NAVA mode. It was necessary to increase the positive end-expiratory pressure to 20 cmH2O (the PEEP-20 manoeuvre) for several minutes during an episode; this allowed the trachea to remain open and allowed us to optimise the patient’s ventilation. This strategy has previously been described in a patient with tracheomalacia, reducing the frequency and need for sedation in the following episodes.
The Effect of Buddleja officinalis Maxim Eye Drops on Morphology and Apoptosis in Lacrimal Gland of Experimental Dry Eye Rabbit Model

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Buddleja officinalis Maxim eye drops on morphology and apoptosis in lacrimal glands of the experimental dry eye rabbit model. A total of thirty-six male rabbits were divided into six study groups, consisting of the control group and the dry eye rabbit model group (without any treatment), the dry eye rabbit model group treated with testosterone, and the dry eye rabbit model group treated with different concentrations of Buddleja officinalis Maxim eye drops (1.0 mg/ml, 1.5 mg/ml and 3.0 mg/ml). The lacrimal glands were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Buddleja officinalis Maxim eye drops can improve the morphological structure of the lacrimal gland in the dry eye model of castrated rabbits. The average optical density values of PI3K, Akt, and caspase-9 protein in the lacrimal gland tissue of the 3 mg/ml Buddleja officinalis Maxim eye drops group were significantly different from those in the model group (P < 0.01) and similar to the testosterone control group and the control group (P > 0.05). Buddleja officinalis Maxim eye drops can improve the morphological structure of the lacrimal gland in the dry eye model of castrated rabbits.
Pirfenidone: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Clinical Applications in Lung Disease.

Pirfenidone (PFD) is a pharmacological compound with therapeutic efficacy in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. It has been chiefly characterised as an anti-fibrotic agent although it was initially developed as an anti-inflammatory compound due to its ability to diminish accumulation of inflammatory cells and cytokines. Despite recent studies that have elucidated key mechanisms, the precise molecular activities of PFD are as yet incompletely understood. PFD modulates fibrogenic growth factors, thereby attenuating fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, collagen and fibronectin synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix. This effect is mediated by suppression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and other growth factors and we appraise the impact of PFD on TGF-β1 production and its downstream pathways. Accumulating evidence indicates that PFD also downregulates inflammatory pathways and therefore has considerable potential to be deployed as a viable and innovative anti-inflammatory compound. We examine effects of PFD on inflammatory cells and the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the lung. In this context recent evidence that PFD can target inflammasome pathways and ensuing lung inflammation is highlighted. Finally, anti-oxidant properties of PFD, such as its ability to inhibit redox reactions and regulate oxidative stress-related genes and enzymes, are detailed. In summary, this narrative review examines molecular mechanisms underpinning PFD and its recognized benefits in lung fibrosis. We highlight preclinical data that demonstrate the potential of PFD as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and outline areas for future research.
How to … be reflexive when conducting qualitative research

Reflexivity can be a complex concept to grasp when entering the world of qualitative research. In this article, we aim to encourage new qualitative researchers to become reflexive as they develop their critical research skills, differentiating between the familiar concept of reflection and reflective practice and that of reflexivity. Although reflection is, to all intents and purposes, a goal‐oriented action with the aim of improving practice, reflexivity is a continual process of engaging with and articulating the place of the researcher and the context of the research. It also involves challenging and articulating social and cultural influences and dynamics that affect this context. As a hallmark of high‐quality qualitative research, reflexivity is not only an individual process but one that needs to be considered a collective process within a research team, and communicated throughout the research process. In keeping with our previous articles in this series, we have illustrated the theoretical concept of reflexivity using practical examples of published research.
LITHUANIAN UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES ACADEMY OF MEDICINE FACULTY OF ODONTOLOGY THE CLINIC OF ORTHODONTICS

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate in evidence-based way and compare distalization effect in maxillary buccal segment between Palatal Skeletal Anchorage and Zygoma Gear Appliance. Materials and Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching in: PubMed, ScienceDirect, AJO-DO and Scopus electronic databases which were available in full-text version, information search for controlled studies on human published between January 1 2007 till December 3
The clinical signi ® cance of ̄ ow cytometry crossmatching in heart transplantation q

Objective: Flow cytometry crossmatching (FCXM) is more sensitive than the cytotoxic crossmatch in identifying preformed antibodies to donor alloantigens, but its clinical importance is controversial. The objective of this study was to determine the association of a FCXM with survival and incidence of vascular rejection in cardiac transplant recipients with a negative cytotoxic crossmatch. Methods: Between 1993 and 1998, 357 heart transplant recipients with a negative T cell cytotoxic crossmatch were studied by three-color FCXM to quantitate antidonor IgG reactions against B and T lymphocytes. Reactions positive against both were consistent with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class I reactivity, and those against B cells only were considered to be against HLA Class II antigens. Endpoints were episodes of vascular rejection, death from acute and chronic rejection and overall survival. Results: Fifty patients were FCXM for Class I-positive, 144 for Class II-positive, and 163 were negative. At 1 month, freedom from vascular rejection was 64% in Class I patients, but 90% and 96% in Class II or negative crossmatch patients (P , 0:0001). Survival of the negative crossmatch group was higher than either Class I or II groups (94%, 74% and 76%, respectively, at 3 years; P , 0:0001). Death from acute rejection was 3% and 2% at 3 years in negative or Class II-positive patients, but 19% in Class I patients (P , 0:0001). Death from chronic rejection occurred only in Class II patients (P  0:002). Conclusions: Despite a negative T-cell cytotoxic crossmatch, a positive ̄ow cytometry crossmatch correlates with important clinical events after heart transplantation. q 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Reply to reviewer #1

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas and it is involved in stratospheric ozone 9 depletion. Its oceanic production is mainly influenced by dissolved nutrient and oxygen (O2) 10 concentrations in the water column. Here we examined the seasonal and annual variations of 11 dissolved N2O at the Boknis Eck (BE) Time-Series Station located in Eckernförde Bay 12 (southwestern Baltic Sea). Monthly measurements of N2O started in July 2005. We found a 13 pronounced seasonal pattern for N2O with high concentrations (supersaturations) in winter/early 14 spring and low concentrations (undersaturations) in autumn when hypoxic/anoxic conditions 15 prevail. Unusually low N2O concentrations were observed during October 2016–April 2017, 16 which was presumably a result of prolonged anoxia and the subsequent nutrient deficiency. 17 Unusually high N2O concentrations were found in November 2017 and this event was linked to 18 the occurrence of upwelling which interrupted N2O consumption via denitrification and 19 potentially promoted ammonium oxidation (nitrification) at the oxic/anoxic interface. Nutrient 20 concentrations (such as nitrate, nitrite and phosphate) at BE are decreasing since 1980s, but 21 oxygen concentrations in the water column are still decreasing. Our results indicate a close 22 coupling of N2O anomalies to O2 concentration, nutrients and stratification. Given the long-term 23 trends of declining nutrient and oxygen concentrations at BE, a decrease in N2O concentration, 24 and thus emissions, seems likely due to an increasing number of events with low N2O 25 concentrations. 26
Are oral health education for carers effective in the oral hygiene management of elderly with dementia? A systematic review

Elderly with dementia or cognitive impairment are at increased risk of poor oral health. Oral health education programs targeting carers may be an effective strategy to improve oral hygiene. The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of oral health education programs for carers on the oral hygiene of elderly with dementia. A literature search was performed to identify studies published in five electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO), without time and language restrictions. Two independent coders extracted data and assessed the risk of bias for each included study. Of the 243 studies, only four studies met the inclusion criteria. All four studies reported a significant improvement for some oral health measures in dementia elderly following a carer oral health education program. The included studies did not report any other relevant outcomes of interest for this review. This review identifies limited evidence for a carer oral health education as an efficient means to improve oral health in dementia elderly. The review also clearly highlights the need for well-designed, high-quality studies with more relevant outcome measures to better address this knowledge gap.
GJ 841B—THE SECOND DQ WHITE DWARF WITH POLARIZED CH MOLECULAR BANDS

We report a discovery of the circularly polarized CH A2Δ–X2Π and B2Σ−–X2Π molecular bands in the spectrum of the DQ white dwarf (WD) GJ 841B. This is only the second such object since the discovery of G99-37 in the 1970s. GJ 841B is also the first WD to unambiguously show polarization in the C2 Swan bands. By modeling the intensity and circular polarization in the CH bands, we determine the longitudinal magnetic field strength of 1.3 ± 0.5 MG and the temperature of 6100 ± 200 K in the absorbing region. We also present new observations of G99-37 and obtain estimates of the magnetic field strength 7.3 ± 0.3 MG and temperature 6200 ± 200 K, in good agreement with previous results.
Continuous Detection of Diurnal Sodium Fluorescent Lidar over Beijing in China

Based on application of the atomic filter technology in a signal detection system of lidar, the diurnal observation of sodium lidar were obtained using the system at the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences at Beijing Yanqing station (40.5° N, 116° E) in April 2014. During the lidar observation period, among the 103 cases of continuous daytime observations, the longest time was 181 h. In the case of a continuous observation period of 5 days (13–18 October 2014), the signal-to-noise ratio reached to 19:1 at 12:00–13:00 Local Time of the daytime, when the spatial and time resolutions were respectively set to 96 m of 167 s. The improvements resulted in the highest detection level of any existing diurnal lidars in China. Some interesting phenomena such as the sporadic sodium layer have also been observed during the daytime. The daytime capability extended the observing time range of the earlier systems that were limited to only nighttime observations. This innovation provides a useful method for the studies of diurnal tides, photochemistry, gravity waves, and correlative modeling studies.
Association between obesity and asthma – epidemiology , pathophysiology and clinical pro fi

Obesity is a risk factor for asthma, and obese asthmatics have lower disease control and increased symptom severity. Several putative links have been proposed, including genetics, mechanical restriction of the chest and the intake of corticosteroids. The most consistent evidence, however, comes from studies of cytokines produced by the adipose tissue called adipokines. Adipokine imbalance is associated with both proinflammatory status and asthma. Although reverse causation has been proposed, it is now acknowledged that obesity precedes asthma symptoms. Nevertheless, prenatal origins of both conditions complicate the search for causality. There is a confirmed role of neuro-immune cross-talk mediating obesityinduced asthma, with leptin playing a key role in these processes. Obesity-induced asthma is now considered a distinct asthma phenotype. In fact, it is one of the most important determinants of asthma phenotypes. Two main subphenotypes have been distinguished. The first phenotype, which affects adult women, is characterised by later onset and is more likely to be non-atopic. The childhood obesity-induced asthma phenotype is characterised by primary and predominantly atopic asthma. In obesity-induced asthma, the immune responses are shifted towards T helper (Th) 1 polarisation rather than the typical atopic Th2 immunological profile. Moreover, obese asthmatics might respond differently to environmental triggers. The high cost of treatment of obesity-related asthma, and the burden it causes for the patients and their families call for urgent intervention. Phenotype-specific approaches seem to be crucial for the success of prevention and treatment.
The association between milk consumption and the metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study of the residents of Suzhou, China and a meta-analysis

Abstract The association between milk consumption and the metabolic syndrome remains inconclusive, and data from Chinese populations are scarce. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between milk consumption and the metabolic syndrome and its components among the residents of Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, China. A total of 5149 participants were included in the final analysis. A logistic regression model was applied to estimate the OR and 95 % CI for the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its components according to milk consumption. In addition, the results of our study were further meta-analysed with other published observational studies to quantify the association between the highest v. lowest categories of milk consumption and the metabolic syndrome and its components. There was no significant difference in the odds of having the metabolic syndrome between milk consumers and non-milk consumers (OR 0·86, 95 % CI 0·73, 1·01). However, milk consumers had lower odds of having elevated waist circumference (OR 0·78, 95 % CI 0·67, 0·92), elevated TAG (OR 0·83, 95 % CI 0·70, 0·99) and elevated blood pressure (OR 0·85, 95 % CI 0·73, 0·99). When the results were pooled together with other published studies, higher milk consumption was inversely associated with the risk of the metabolic syndrome (relative risk 0·80, 95 % CI 0·72, 0·88) and its components (except elevated fasting blood glucose); however, these results should be treated with caution as high heterogeneity was observed. In summary, the currently available evidence from observational studies suggests that higher milk consumption may be inversely associated with the metabolic syndrome.
Vitamin D: A “Sun Shine” on the periodontium

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin with pleiotropic effects on different organ systems of the body. Major portion of the vitamin is synthesized in the epidermis under the influence of sunlight. Conventionally, Vitamin D had been solely associated with the metabolism and health of skeletal tissues. Osteomalacia/osteoporosis in adults and rickets in children were the only symptoms previously attributed to Vitamin D deficiency. The potential role of adequate Vitamin D for the proper functioning of diverse tissues throughout the body is now well recognized. The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is rampant and affects people of all ages. Vitamin D is essential for the maintenance of periodontal health. Adequate levels of the vitamin have a “perio-protective” effect and can decrease susceptibility to periodontal diseases. This “sunshine effect” of the vitamin on the periodontium can be mainly attributed to its immune-modulatory action. This review addresses the basics of Vitamin D metabolism and underlines the role of Vitamin D on periodontal health, disease, and therapy.
The International Handbook of Environmental Sociology

Contents: Introduction Graham Woodgate PART I: CONCEPTS AND THEORIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIOLOGY Editorial Commentary Graham Woodgate 1. The Maturation and Diversification of Environmental Sociology: From Constructivism and Realism to Agnosticism and Pragmatism Riley E. Dunlap 2. Social Institutions and Environmental Change Frederick H. Buttel 3. From Environment Sociology to Global Ecosociology: The Dunlap - Buttel Debates Jean-Guy Vaillancourt 4. Ecological Modernization as a Social Theory of Environmental Reform Arthur P.J. Mol 5. Ecological Modernization Theory: Theoretical and Empirical Challenges Richard York, Eugene A. Rosa and Thomas Dietz 6. Postconstructivist Political Ecologies Arturo Escobar 7. Marx's Ecology and its Historical Significance John Bellamy Foster 8. The Transition Out of Carbon Dependence: The Crises of Environment and Markets Michael R. Redclift 9. Socio-ecological Agency: From 'Human Exceptionalism' to Coping with 'Exceptional' Global Environmental Change David Manuel-Navarrete and Christine N. Buzinde 10. Ecological Debt: An Integrating Concept for Socio-Environmental Change Inaki Barcena Hinojal and Rosa Lago Aurrekoetxea 11. The Emergence Model of Environment and Society John Hannigan 12. Peering into the Abyss: Environment, Research and Absurdity in the 'Age of Stupid' Raymond L. Bryant PART II: SUBSTANTIVE ISSUES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIOLOGY Editorial Commentary Graham Woodgate 13. Animals and Us Ted Benton 14. Science and the Environment in the Twenty-first Century Steven Yearley 15. New Challenges for Twenty-first Century Environmental Movements: Agricultural Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Maria Kousis 16. Sustainable Consumption: Developments, Considerations and New Directions Emma D. Hinton and Michael K. Goodman 17. Globalisation, Convergence and the Euro-Atlantic Development Model Wolfgang Sachs 18. Environmental Hazards and Human Disasters Raymond Murphy 19. Structural Obstacles to an Effective Post-2012 Global Climate Agreement: Why Social Structure Matters and How Addressing it Can Help Break the Impasse Bradley C. Parks and J. Timmons Roberts 20. Environmental Sociology and International Forestry: Historical Overview and Future Directions Bianca Ambrose-Oji PART III: INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY Editorial Commentary Graham Woodgate 21. The Role of Place in the Margins of Space David Manuel-Navarrete and Michael R. Redclift 22. Society, Environment and Development in Africa William M. Adams 23. Neoliberal Regimes of Environmental Governance: Climate Change, Biodiversity and Agriculture in Australia Stewart Lockie 24. Environmental Reform in Modernizing China Arthur P.J. Mol 25. Civic Engagement in Environmental Governance in Central and Eastern Europe JoAnn Carmin 26. A 'Sustaining Conservation' for Mexico? Nora Haenn Index
Role of 24-Hr Blood Pressure Variability as a Target Therapeutic Risk Factor for Poor Functional Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background and Purpose: The present study aims to evaluate the role of blood pressure variability (BPV) as a target therapeutic risk factor for poor outcome of ischemic stroke by finding the association between the two and by finding the population attributable risk (PAR) of BPV compared to other baseline outcome predictors. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out at GMCH, Nagpur, India from January to June 2019 in 75 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke. BP was recorded hourly for the first 24 hours of admission and base line factors were collected along with measurement of stroke severity. BPV was measured by index of average real-time variability (ARV) while discharge outcome was measured by Barthel Index. Results: 36.5% of patients had poor outcome at discharge. A significant association was found between 24-hr ARV of systolic BP and poor outcome (P = 0.002, 95% CI = 2.22-23.5). Five factors were found to be independent outcome predictors on multiple logistic regression (OR, 95% CI): age (1.07, 1.03–1.10), NIHSS score (1.12, 1.04–1.27), on admission SBP (5.12, 4.01–16.23), on admission RBS (2.23, 1.92–6.49) and 24 Hr ARV-SBP (9.65, 3.02–20.1). The PAR of 24 hr ARV-SBP was 23.6%, second only to NIHSS score (26.4%). Conclusions: Reduction in BP variability might have a beneficial impact on the outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke. There is further scope to explore optimum therapeutic strategies to minimize BPV in the management of acute ischemic stroke.
Towards a Theory of Functional Leadership in Diverse Teams

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