Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
P199 A study of symptoms and pathways to treatment in lung cancer patients

Introduction and Objectives Cancer targets promote shorter times within secondary care. However, primary care delays may be longer. Our aim was to study symptoms by asking patients themselves to record their own and any perceived delays in their pathway to treatment. Methods 259 lung cancer patients were invited, at their first oncology visit, to complete questionnaires derived from the EORTC -LC13, including urgent and systemic symptoms and to date their start to the nearest week, when they saw their GP, whether they delayed doing so and why and how often they saw their GP before being referred for CXR or to secondary care. The GP was also mailed. Results Mean within-patient delay was 81 days (median 24). Mean delay from seeing GP to MDT meeting was 115 days (median 70), mean delay from MDT to oncology treatment was 25 days (median 15). 38% of patients admitted having delayed to see their GP. Commonest reasons were worry, denial, being too busy or family reasons. 38% patients were referred for CXR/to secondary care on their first GP visit, 49% on 2nd–3rdvisit, 12% four visits or more. Analysis of variance showed no relation between stage and time to oncology. Initially, cough, dyspnoea, haemoptysis, chest pain, sputum were present in 29%, 30%, 11%, 9% and 13% of patients respectively. However, when patients were seen at oncology, these had risen to 76%, 78%, 30%, 41% and 61% respectively. Staging was available in 255 patients with stage I, II, III and IV as 6%, 8%, 40% and 46% respectively. Systemic symptoms were frequent: asthenia 64%, weight loss 60%, anorexia 47%, dry mouth 41% and altered taste 35%. Anorexia, xerostomia, altered taste, pain other than chest pain, analgesic usage and dysphagia were each correlated with stage IV rather than I–III tumours (all p<0.05). Conclusions 1) Delay within-patient was significantly longer than within-oncology (p<0.0001). 2) Over 60% patients visited their GP more than once. 3) Delay and stage were unrelated in our study. 4) Chest symptoms increased considerably during the pathway to treatment. 5) A number of common symptoms were associated with advanced disease.
The Role of HCI in the Construction of Disability

Assistive technology research and development community deals with a phenomenon that goes beyond medical concerns. For many years, international human-rights organizations, disabled activists, and disability studies community, have proposed alternative discourses on disability that, from different perspectives, expand the understanding on the phenomenon, potentially impacting on HCI praxis. However, assistive technology literature is still deeply rooted in the much maligned medical model of disability. Following this model have practical, ethical, and political implications, for it potentially obscures the underlying social inequity. The threefold objective of this paper is to raise awareness within the HCI community about the existence of different discourses on disability, to call into question the idea of 'neutral praxis', and to suggest that interpreting and understanding the social forces underneath HCI praxis might provide more appropriate and useful solutions.
Perceiving isn't believing: Divergence in levels of sociolinguistic awareness

Abstract The influence of social knowledge on speech perception is a question of interest to a range of disciplines of language research. This study combines experimental and qualitative approaches to investigate whether the various methodological and disciplinary threads of research on this topic are truly investigating the same phenomenon to provide converging evidence in our understanding of social listening. This study investigates listeners’ perceptions of Spanish and Quechua speakers speaking Spanish in the context of a contact zone between these two languages and their speakers in central Bolivia. The results of a pair of matched-guise vowel discrimination tasks and subsequent interviews demonstrate that what people perceive, as measured by experimental tasks, is not necessarily what they believe they hear, as reported in narrative responses to interview prompts. Multiple methodological approaches must be employed in order to fully understand the way that we perceive language at diverging levels of sociolinguistic awareness. (Perception, sociophonetics, sociolinguistics, awareness, Andean Spanish)
Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010: Context, Analysis, and Recommendations

Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010: Context, Analysis, and Recommendations evaluates the impact of the 2010 legislation, which aims to improve child nutrition and combat childhood obesity. Particular strengths and weaknesses, as they relate to distributive justice, are emphasized, and ways to address the act’s current shortcomings are discussed.
Exploring the profiles of children with autism spectrum disorder: association with family factors

This study aimed to identify different profiles of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without intellectual disability (ID) and maternal factors characteristic of these profiles. Participants were 89 children between 7 and 11 years old and their mothers, distributed in two groups, 52 children with ASD and 37 with typical development (TD). Based on the children’s adaptive, behavioral, and pragmatic manifestations, three clusters were obtained in the ASD group. Children with the most serious difficulties in all the domains assessed were assigned to Cluster 1, whereas the children in Cluster 3 were characterized by relatively minor problems. Cluster 2 comprised children with moderate difficulties in the different domains. Compared to the TD group, group 1, with ‘Serious Difficulties’, and group 2, with ‘Moderate Difficulties’, showed significant differences on all the variables evaluated. Group 3, ‘Slight Difficulties’, was only significantly differentiated from the group with TD on ASD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, pragmatic competence, and applied theory of mind. Therefore, it was outlined as the purest group and basically manifested core ASD symptoms. In addition, mothers of children in the ‘Serious Difficulties’ group showed higher stress levels and less use of emotional and instrumental support and acceptance strategies, as well as more mental health problems, than mothers of children in the ‘Slight Difficulties’ group. The results support the need to assess the presentation of other possible problems in ASD children without ID, and design interventions for parents who may be at risk of experiencing higher levels of stress and have fewer coping strategies.
The Effects of Interpersonal Communication and Organizational Commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (At Agam District Government)

This study aims to analyze the effect of interpersonal communication and organizational commitment on organizational citizenship behavior. The samples in this study were employees of Agam District Government. Data analysis in this study is using Partial Least Square (PLS. The results showed that interpersonal communication and organizational commitment had significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior.
Animacy and Mortality Salience: New Directions for the Adaptive Memory Literature

The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specific conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research. " If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law.
The Relationship Between Coping Styles and Temperament and Character Traits in Nurses

Background: Coping style and personality are related with stress management and became intriguing subjects for different disciplines, which interact with stress, as psychiatry, psychology, occupation management, business, economics etc. | Aim: This study aims to investigate the relationship between coping styles, temperament and character traits and anxiety and depression scores in nurses. | Study Design: The study is designed to be conducted with nurses working at a training and research hospital in a cross-sectional model with self report forms. | Methods: 94 nurses are included to the study. Sociodemographical data form, Tempera- ment and Character Inventory by Cloninger, Coping Styles Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale are performed. | Results : Lower harm avoidance scores and higher persistence and cooperativeness scores were predictors of self confident style. Lower harm avoidance and higher Cooperativeness scores were predictors of optimistic style. Higher harm avoidance, reward dependence and self transcendence scores were predictors of helpless style. The only predictor for submissive style was higher harm avoidance scores and for social support seek- ing style was higher reward dependence. | Conclusion: This study presents temperament and character traits as predictors of coping styles. Especially harm avoidance was high lightened in this study with its relation to unsatisfactory coping styles as submissive and helpless style and so anxiety and depression scores. Investigation of different dimensions of the relations between personality and coping may be subject for further studies. |
The Gilets Jaunes protests: mobilisation without third-party support

ABSTRACT Starting in mid-November 2018 and lasting well into 2019, people mobilised throughout France in what has been entitled by some the gilets jaunes movement. Drawn initially from mainly rural and semi-urban areas the protesters used a mixture of traditional and innovative action repertoires such as rallies, demonstrations, the occupation of public and private spaces, or on-line activism. With support for the protesters overwhelmingly positive, public authorities struggled to contain them despite deploying law-enforcement personnel on a massive scale, withdrawing some controversial policies, or initiating new social, economic and fiscal policy measures. In reviewing and analysing the events’ key phases and aspects, this article points to a theoretical perplexity—the gilets jaunes mobilised without institutional and third-party support—and draws attention to the ways that current research tools can help scholars to assess this puzzle.
Serotonin and Neuron-specific Enolase: Serum Acute and Mid-term Levels and their Association With Posttraumatic Depression

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between serotonin (SER), cholesterol, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) serum levels with depression after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Materials and MethodsSeventy-four patients with the diagnosis of TBI were included in our study. Admission computed tomography scans of all patients were analyzed. Serum concentrations of SER, NSE, low-density lipoprotein, and cholesterol were measured within on admission. Serum levels of SER and NSE were also measured at discharge and at the 6-month follow-up evaluation. In addition, serum NSE and SER levels were measured in a control group of 44 healthy volunteers. The TBI patients in our cohort were divided into 3 groups according to their admitting Glasgow Coma Scale and their discharging Glasgow Outcome Scale scores. Likewise, depressive symptoms were characterized using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. ResultsThe measured SER serum levels were significantly lower (P<0.01) in TBI patients compared with the normal controls. Analysis of our data showed no correlation between the levels of SER, NSE, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein. The NSE serum levels were found to be elevated in our TBI group. However, these levels were not different between patients with depressive symptomatology. SER and cholesterol serum levels were lower in TBI patients developing depressive symptoms compared with those with no depression in a statistically significant manner. Fifty-seven percent of our patients developed depressive symptomatology. ConclusionsDecreased serum SER concentration may serve as an additional biochemical risk marker of posttraumatic mental disturbances.
Extended Use of Dabigatran, Warfarin, or Placebo in Venous Thromboembolism

From the Department of Medicine, McMaster University and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada (S. Schulman, C.K.); the Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm (S. Schulman), and the Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital-Östra, Gothenburg (H.E.) — both in Sweden; the Thrombosis Research Institute and University College London, London (A.K.K.); Medical Division 2, Municipal Hospital Friedrichstadt, Dresden, Germany (S. Schellong); Clinical Research, Boehringer Ingelheim, Alkmaar, the Netherlands (D.B.); Clinical Research, Boehringer Ingelheim, Asker, Norway (A.M.K.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT (J.F.); the Department of Vascular Pathology, Bellevue Hospital, Saint Etienne, France (P.M.); and Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.Z.G.). Address reprint requests to Dr. Schulman at Thrombosis Service, HHS-General Hospital, 237 Barton St. E. , Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada, or at schulms@mcmaster.ca.
Visual processing in the human brain: Investigating deviance detection from a predictive coding perspective

According to predictive coding, the brain gives extra processing to unpredicted events that disrupt anticipated patterns. To adapt to these events, the brain continually extracts statistical regularities about sensory input from past input. When something unpredicted occurs, it produces an error. In vision, this can be shown by the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) in event-related potentials (ERPs). The vMMN reaches its maximum amplitude between 150 and 300 ms after the onset of an irregular, deviant event in a sequence of otherwise regular, standard events and it is usually measured from areas on the scalp closest to the visual cortices (e.g., parieto-occipital areas). Attention toward a deviant is not necessary to generate the vMMN, suggesting that regularities and irregularities are pre-attentively encoded and detected, respectively. Although vMMN research continues to grow, there are still unanswered questions about it. This thesis focuses on clarifying some of these issues, asking whether the type or size of the difference between predicted and unpredicted visual input (i.e., the magnitude of deviance) or visual field in which deviance occurs can affect the vMMN. To remedy this, I manipulated these facets across four studies. My thesis was that local aspects of change detection, such as the magnitude of deviance, affect the brain’s error response to unpredicted input, evidenced by the vMMN. A conclusion regarding the effect of magnitude of deviance, the type of change, or visual field on the vMMN was not possible given that (1) ERPs to rule-based deviants and standards did not differ where participants found it difficult to detect irregularities in visual input, and (2) changes in basic properties of well-controlled visual stimuli do not evoke the vMMN. Subsequently, my thesis became that isolated changes in basic properties of visual input do not evoke the vMMN, perhaps because these changes are detected and resolved prior to the vMMN. Instead, this thesis provides evidence for an earlier deviant-related positivity for changes in low-level features of visual input. This is the first report of a possible pre-vMMN positive prediction error and represents a significant and original contribution to the wider field.
Mecanismos moleculares de la resistencia bacteriana

There is a great vuriety of resistance mechanisms observed in bacteria. Several mechanisms can operate simultaneously against a single antibiotic, and there are no species-specific mechanisms described so far. In many cases, resistance is mediated by mobile genetic elements (plasmids, phages and transposons), spreading among different bacterial genera, carrying in many instances multirresistant determinants. Administration of one type of antimicrobial agent can select resistance to other groups of antimicrobials. In summary, more details are found every day on these molecular processes. All this constitute un important tool for the design of new antimicrobials with broad specifici and higher efficacy in un attempt to control bacterial resistance. More important yet, this knowledge has a necessary implication which translates into a rational and adequate use of antimicrobial agents in the fight against bacterial infections.
How exemplary teachers promote scientific reasoning and higher order thinking in primary science

III DECLARATION . IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . V TABLES AND FIGURES . XI CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. 1 Background . 1 Problem . 2 Rationale . 3 Significance . 4 Purpose . 6 Research questions . 6 Overview of the thesis . 7 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW . 9 Introduction . 9 Setting the context . 10 Scientific literacy . 10 Scientific reasoning . 12 Higher order thinking . 14 The Australian Curriculum: Science . 15 Primary Connections . 16 Status of scientific literacy, higher order thinking and scientific reasoning . 17 Theoretical perspectives . 22 Social constructivism . 23 Sociocultural theory . 23 Social semiotic theory . 25 Distributed cognition . 25 Literature relating to pedagogical practices . 26
Analyzing the Discourse of WhatsApp's Status

The current study investigates the discourse of WhatsApp's status written by the users of WhatsApp application. The main goal of the study is to explore the types of status that people use. The discourse analysis of these status shows how the users manipulate in the language used to suit their concerns in order to represent their feelings. The study revealed that Whatsapp's status serve as a way to convey a specific messages, identities, and feelings through the language used by the users to be seen by others. Three hundred written status were collected and analyzed to investigate the types of them. Results indicate that the users of WhatsApp use standard and non-standard languages.
Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Change Effectiveness

Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Change Effectiveness by Nomahlathi N. Mgqibi MBA, Liberty University, 2015 BS, University of Baltimore, 2013 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University October 2019 Abstract The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational change effectiveness. The theoretical framework for the study was transformational leadership. Midlevel managers who successfully implemented 1 or more organizational change initiatives in any large organization in the United States (n = 107) were conveniently selected to participate in the study. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) Form 5X-Short was used to measure transformational leadership and the Project Implementation Profile (PIP) was used to measure organizational change effectiveness. The overall model, multiple linear regression, revealed a statistically significant relationship between transformational leadership and organizational change effectiveness, F (5, 101) = 2.712, p < 0.024, and R2The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational change effectiveness. The theoretical framework for the study was transformational leadership. Midlevel managers who successfully implemented 1 or more organizational change initiatives in any large organization in the United States (n = 107) were conveniently selected to participate in the study. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) Form 5X-Short was used to measure transformational leadership and the Project Implementation Profile (PIP) was used to measure organizational change effectiveness. The overall model, multiple linear regression, revealed a statistically significant relationship between transformational leadership and organizational change effectiveness, F (5, 101) = 2.712, p < 0.024, and R2 = 0.12. However, the independent variables were not statistically significant. Adoption of the findings of this study might assist business leaders to improve organizational change initiatives through standardized processes, which could improve productivity and minimize financial losses. The implications of this study for positive social change include the potential for long-term sustainable employment practices that might empower employees to be financially healthy and lead to improved quality of life. Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Change Effectiveness by Nomahlathi N. Mgqibi MBA, Liberty University, 2015 BS, University of Baltimore, 2013 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration
Understanding second grader’s computational thinking skills in robotics through their individual traits

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the personal traits and computational thinking skills of second graders within the context of robotics activities. ,Through literature review, a research model and hypotheses were tested with 122 second graders after robotic activities. ,The hypothesized model showed that learning preference, intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy were the main predictors of coding achievement and computational thinking skills, while no direct relationship was found between learning preference, intrinsic or extrinsic motivation. The final path analysis revealed that intrinsic and extrinsic motivation predict self-efficacy, self-efficacy predicts coding achievement and coding achievement predicts computational thinking skills. Another important finding was the strong impact of self-efficacy on coding achievement, as well as computational thinking skills. Results are interpreted with reference to implications for potential methods of improving computational thinking skills when using robotics in the lower grades in elementary schools. ,This study not only examined these relationships but also proposed, tested and built a research model containing a wide range of personal traits based on path analysis and multiple regression analysis, which, to the best of the researchers’ knowledge, has not been investigated in the current literature. ,As reflected in the final research model, self-efficacy played an important role in impacting second grader’s coding achievement and computational thinking skills. ,Few studies have investigated the various relationships in the context of robotics instruction in elementary schools as in this study. Given the increasing popularity of robotics education in elementary schools, the re-examination and identification of the pivotal role of self-efficacy in predicting second graders’ learning of coding and computational thinking skills have important implications for the implementation of robotics education.