Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Universal Command Guide: For Operating Systems

From the Publisher: The ultimate operating system reference: Over 8,000 commands and 57,000 command options from every major operating systemWindows. UNIX. Linux. NetWare. Macintosh. DOS. If you're a systems professional, chances are you're pretty familiar with commands in at least one of these operating systems. But what happens when you need to get up to speed on an operating system you don't know? This ingenious reference will have you up and running in no time. It describes and illustrates every command in every commonly used operating system, and cross-references each command to the equivalent commands in other operating systems. The Universal Command Guide for Operating Systems bridges the gap between all operating systems by cross-referencing commands between the many different operating systems that exist today. All major operating systems are covered and fully referenced, including IBM AIX 4.3. 3; Sun Solaris 7 and 8; Red Hat Linux 7.0; OpenBSD 2.7; NetWare 3.12, 4.11, 5.1, and 6; DOS 6.22; Windows 95, 98, Me, XP, NT 4 Workstation, NT 4 Server, NT 4 Terminal Server, 2000 Professional, 2000 Server, 2000 Advanced Server; and Mac OS 9.1. About the CD-ROM: The UCG FinderFinds the command you need for any Operating System 2000 additional cross-references for Novell, Microsoft, and UNIX/Linux All UNIX/Linux shells and internal shell commands cross-referenced. VNC Remote Control software, MySQL and other great software for all operating systems. Author Biography: Guy Lotgering (Soraker, Sweden) has worked for many years as a consultant working on Novell, Microsoft, and UNIX networking systems. Currently, he works for Telecomputing AB in Sweden specializing in SBC (Server Based Computing) and ASP (Application Service Providing) Citrix solutions. The UCG Training Team consists of 19 individuals, each experts in their own fields, with combined experience of over 250 years.
SMALL-SCALE PROPERTIES OF ATOMIC GAS IN EXTENDED DISKS OF GALAXIES

We present high-resolution H i 21 cm observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array for three H i rich galaxies in absorption against radio quasars. Our sample contains six sightlines with impact parameters from 2.6 to 32.4 kpc. We detected a narrow H i absorber of FWHM 1.1 km s−1 at 444.5 km s−1 toward SDSS J122106.854+454852.16 probing the dwarf galaxy UCG 7408 at an impact parameter of 2.8 kpc. The absorption feature was barely resolved and its width corresponds to a maximum kinetic temperature, Tk ≈ 26 K. We estimate a limiting peak optical depth of 1.37 and a column density of 6 × 1019 cm−2. The physical extent of the absorber is 0.04 kpc2 and covers ∼25%–30% of the background source. A comparison between the emission and absorption strengths suggests the cold-to-total H i column density in the absorber is ∼30%. Folding in the covering fraction, the cold-to-total H i mass is ∼10%. This suggest that condensation of warm H i (Ts ∼ 1000 K) to cold phase (Ts < 100 K) is suppressed in UGC 7408. The unusually low temperature of the H i absorber also indicates inefficiency in condensation of atomic gas into molecular gas. The suppression in condensation is likely to be the result of low metal content in this galaxy. The same process might explain the low efficiency of star formation in dwarf galaxies despite their huge gas reservoirs. We report the non-detection of H i in absorption in five other sightlines. This indicates that either the cold gas distribution is highly patchy or the gas is much warmer (Ts > 1000 K) toward these sightlines.
The Effect of Dynamic Stress Cycling on the Compressive Strength of Rocks

Quasi‐static rock strength is a nonconservative property, as fatigue during cyclic loading reduces the macroscopic strength. When strain rate under compressive loading increases above a lithology‐specific threshold, the primary failure mechanism transitions from localized failure along discrete fractures to distributed fracturing. However, the role of load path under high strain rate conditions has not been explored in any detail. We examine the effect of rapid stress cycles on the dynamic compressive strength of Westerly Granite using a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar approach and explore the implications of our results for the formation of pulverized fault zone rocks. Under cyclic loading conditions, the compressive strength can be reduced by a factor of 2, demonstrating that, like the quasi‐static strength, the dynamic rock strength is also a nonconservative property. Therefore, traditional high strain rate experimental approaches utilizing simple load paths may overestimate strength when rocks are subjected to complex load paths.
A Sensor Link Control Protocol for Providing End-to-End Reliability in Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are mainly used for environmental monitoring applications. The characteristics of the applications and the restrictions of sensor nodes (processing power, energy consumption, and so on) have so far pulled WSNs away from supporting reliability, such as error control and congestion control. Nowadays, new attempts using WSNs, like smart sensor applications, programmable sensor networks, and sharing sensor networks as a common infra, need reliability support. However, legacy protocols related to supporting reliability, including TCP and LLC, are unsuitable for WSN, due to the restrictions of sensor nodes. This paper proposes a protocol, referred to as Sensor Link Control (SLC), which is located in the link layer, and between MAC (Medium Access Control) and the network (upper) layer, to support end-toend error control and congestion control. SLC guarantees e2e reliability, through simultaneously recovering packet errors caused by link problems and network congestion. This paper estimates the performance of SLC through simulation experiments. The simulation results show that SLC effectively makes WSN a general infrastructure that guarantees e2e reliability.
Towards Automatic Segmentation and Recognition of Multiple Precast Concrete Elements in Outdoor Laser Scan Data

To date, to improve construction quality and efficiency and reduce environmental pollution, the use of precast concrete elements (PCEs) has become popular in civil engineering. As PCEs are manufactured in a batch manner and possess complicated shapes, traditional manual inspection methods cannot meet today’s requirements in terms of production rate of PCEs. The manual inspection of PCEs needs to be conducted one by one after the production, resulting in the excessive storage of finished PCEs in the storage yards. Therefore, many studies have proposed the use of terrestrial laser scanners (TLSs) for the quality inspection of PCEs. However, all these studies focus on the data of a single PCE or a single surface of PCE, which is acquired from a unique or predefined scanning angle. It is thus still inefficient and impractical in reality, where hundred types of PCEs with different properties may exist. Taking this cue, this study proposes to scan multiple PCEs simultaneously to improve the inspection efficiency by using TLSs. In particular, a segmentation and recognition approach is proposed to automatically extract and identify the different types of PCEs in a large amount of outdoor laser scan data. For the data segmentation, 3D data is first converted into 2D images. Image processing is then combined with radially bounded nearest neighbor graph (RBNN) algorithm to speed up the laser scan data segmentation. For the PCE recognition, based on the as-designed models of PCEs in building information modeling (BIM), the proposed method uses a coarse matching and a fine matching to recognize the type of each PCE data. To the best of our knowledge, no research work has been conducted on the automatic recognition of PCEs from a million or even ten million of the outdoor laser scan points, which contain many different types of PCEs. To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, experimental studies have been conducted on the PCE outdoor laser scan data, considering the shape, type, and amount of PCEs. In total, 22 PCEs including 12 different types are involved in this paper. Experiment results confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach for automatic segmentation and recognition of different PCEs.
Age and composition of dykes emplaced before and during the opening of the Tasman Sea—source implications

Abstract Dykes are common in the wave-cut platforms along the coast from Newcastle to Sydney. According to some authors, they may be related to the opening of the Tasman Sea that commenced ca 84 Ma ago. However, there are few detailed radiogenic dating and geochemical studies to evaluate this. We attempt to resolve this by K–Ar dating of plagioclase in and geochemical studies of, basaltic dykes intruding Permo-Triassic sequences on the wave-cut platforms and Carboniferous and Permo-Triassic sequences inland. The plagioclase separated from the dykes give K–Ar ages ranging from 266 to 53 Ma with the majority older than 84 Ma indicating that most dykes were emplaced before the Tasman Seafloor formation. The dykes are generally mildly alkaline, high-Ti basalts; fewer are tholeiitic and calc-alkaline, low-Ti basalts. Strongly light rare earth element (LREE)-enriched patterns typify the former and flat, LREE-depleted or slightly to moderately enriched LREE patterns, the latter. High-Ti basalts have ocean-island-basalt-like and low-Ti basalts, calc-alkaline or mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB)-like patterns. Most high-Ti and some low-Ti basalts show plume-like characteristics, others N-type MORB and arc-like characteristics. Dykes intruding the Carboniferous sequences show a distinct contamination signature that could be crustal or due to subduction-related metasomatism of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. The sources of the basaltic magmas vary substantially and in places changes with time. All alkali basalts are derived from enriched asthenospheric sources at varying depths (90–147 km) and most tholeiitic, low-Ti basalts have been extracted from asthenospheric and depleted asthenospheric–lithospheric sources indicating substantial compositional heterogeneity of the mantle. Further, Nd model ages varying from Neoproterozoic (940–580 Ma) to Paleozoic (460–370 Ma) suggest variation in the age of mantle sources for the basalts.
Evaluation of urban encroachment on farmland: a threat to urban agriculture in Peshawar City District, Pakistan

Peshawar is the capital city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan) and the largest urban center in the province. The city is experiencing rapid urban growth which is not without its impact on urban agriculture. This paper traces the developments in the conditions of farmland in the district during the last two decades. With increasing population and economic activities, land demand for housing and other nonfarm uses like industries, commercial and transport is rising. The built-up area is expanding in all directions around the city, which is the best agricultural land except along its western side that is barren land. Therefore, any expansion in built environment has resulted and is resulting in diminishing farmland. This paper analyses how farmland has been engulfed by nonfarm uses in the process of urban expansion. An interesting fact in the case of Peshawar is that while agricultural land is being lost, some new agricultural land is also being gained. In 1991 agricultural land constituted 41 percent of the total land area of the city, which increased to about 58 percent in 1997. Nevertheless, an analysis of the land capability classes indicates that most of the gain in farmland has been in inferior class IV category, which is low in productivity while encroachment of built up area has been over the most fertile and highly productive class I category. The paper while analyzing the encroachment process also explores the policy options that are available to preserve the remaining farmland by making urban agriculture more profitable and incorporating the activity in the city plans for implementation.
Observations of a Kinetic‐Scale Magnetic Hole in a Reconnection Diffusion Region

Magnetic holes have been widely observed in various space plasma systems. The origin of magnetic holes and their influence to background plasma are under debate. In this paper, we show a kinetic‐scale electron vortex magnetic hole in a nonideal region of an active X line, which was observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission at the dayside magnetopause. Intense current and nonideal electric field in the electron frame were observed within the magnetic hole, which led to a strong energy dissipation. Thus, the electron vortex magnetic hole probably provided an additional energy dissipation channel besides the electron diffusion region adjacent to the hole. We suggest that magnetic reconnection provided favorable conditions for the formation of this kinetic‐scale magnetic hole and is an important source of magnetic holes in space plasma.
Social Network Analysis Based on a Hierarchy of Communities

With the rapid growth of users in Social Networking Services (SNSs), data is generated in thousands of terabytes every day. This data contains lots of hidden information and patterns. The analysis of such data is not a trivial task. A great deal of effort has been put into it. Analysing users' behaviour in social networks can help researchers to better understand what happens in the real world and create huge commercial value for social networks themselves.
E Service New Directions In Theory And Practice

Thank you very much for reading e service new directions in theory and practice. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite novels like this e service new directions in theory and practice, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their laptop.
Late Pleistocene Chronology of Sediments From the Yermak Plateau and Uncertainty in Dating Based on Geomagnetic Excursions

The Yermak Plateau is one of several regions in the Arctic Ocean where paleomagnetism yields controversial results. Despite low sedimentation rates, late Pleistocene paleomagnetic excursions have been reconstructed from many cores in the region, but they are characterized by considerably longer durations when compared to established ones. Self‐reversal during maghemitization of (titano)magnetite has been proposed as one explanation. Rock magnetic, 14C dating, sedimentological and stable isotope (δ18O) methods were employed to three new sediment cores to put paleomagnetic results in the context of the regional stratigraphy and chronology. Coherence of lithological parameters and δ18O variations validated the ratio of anhysteretic remanent susceptibility to bulk magnetic susceptibility (κARM/κ) as a parameter for cross‐core correlation. As established by earlier studies, we use the link between glacial/interglacial cycles and κARM/κ to tune our records to a global δ18O stack, which provides age models that are independent of radicarbon ages and paleomagnetic data. Our results show that zones of negative magnetic inclination are asynchronous across the plateau. Alternating field demagnetization data revealed that negative inclinations are contained in a medium‐high‐coercivity (>25–35 mT) magnetic phase that may be the result of postdepositional alteration of (titano)magnetite. We note a positive relationship between water depth and excursion duration, which may be driven by changes in water mass circulation on glacial/interglacial timescales.
Climate Sensitivity From Both Physical and Carbon Cycle Feedbacks

The surface warming response to anthropogenic forcing is highly sensitive to the strength of feedbacks in both the physical climate and carbon cycle systems. However, the definitions of climate feedback, λClimate in W·m−2·K−1, and climate sensitivity, SClimate in K/(W/m2), explicitly exclude the impact of carbon cycle feedbacks. Here we provide a new framework to incorporate carbon feedback into the definitions of climate feedback and sensitivity. Applying our framework to the Global Carbon Budget reconstructions reveals a present‐day terrestrial carbon feedback of λCarbon = 0.31 ± 0.09 W·m−2·K−1 and an ocean carbon feedback of −0.06 to 0.015 W·m−2·K−1 in Earth system models. Observational constraints reveal a combined climate and carbon feedback of λClimate+Carbon = 1.48 W·m−2·K−1 with a 95% range of 0.76 to 2.32 W·m−2·K−1 on centennial time scales, corresponding to a combined climate and carbon sensitivity of SClimate+Carbon = 0.67 K/(W/m2) with a 95% range of 0.43 to 1.32 K/(W/m2).
Monitoring Nonrevenue Water Performance in Intermittent Supply

Water utilities should monitor their nonrevenue water (NRW) levels properly to manage water losses and sustain water services. However, monitoring NRW is problematic in an intermittent water supply regime. This is because more supplied water to users imposes higher volumes of NRW, and supplying significantly less water results in an unmet water demand but interestingly less NRW. This study investigates the influence of the amount of water supplied to a distribution system on the reported level of NRW. The volume and indicators of NRW all vary with variations in the system input volume (SIV). This is even more critical for monitoring NRW for systems shifting from intermittent to continuous supply. To enable meaningful monitoring, the NRW volume should be normalised. Addressing that, this research proposes two normalisation approaches: regression analysis and average supply time adjustment. Analysis of the NRW performance indicators showed that regression analysis enables the monitoring of NRW and tracking its progression in an individual system only, but not for a comparison with other systems. For comparing (or benchmarking) a water system to other systems with different supply patterns, the average supply time adjustment should be used. However, this approach presents significant uncertainties when the average supply time is less than eight hours per day.
Enhancing the fault ride through capability of DFIG‐based wind energy system using saturated core fault current limiter

Doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is the most popular machine for the wind power application that consists of the ability for variable speed operation and reactive power control with the help of power electronics converters. It is one of the prominent system that follows grid code requirement as it remains connected with the grid even during the fault occurrence. For making the DFIG continuity in the grid, low-voltage ride through or fault ride through (FRT) techniques are used. Fault current limiter is one of the major schemes used under the FRT. A saturated core fault current limiter (SCFCL) is used in DFIG system to enhance the FRT capability. The main property of SCFCL is the change in permeability between the saturated and unsaturated conditions of the magnetic core to concurrently provide low steady-state impedance and high transient fault impedance for limiting the fault current.
Application of CORDIC algorithm in sine & cosine function and its implementation on FPGA

Sine cosine function is used broadly in engineering.Ordinarily,lookup-table algorithm implements easily,but a large amount of memory units are necessary and the contradiction between accuracy and the mount of memory units is acute.Traditional CORDIC(Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer)algorithm can achieve higher accuracy with less memory units,but needs more hardware resource and has long output delay.A new architecture combined with lookup-table and CORDIC algorithm is proposed.The design,simulation and hardware testing based on FPGA of the improved algorithm have been completed which indicates that it can achieve higher accuracy and lower output delay with less hardware resource and few memory units.
Brace arrangement, node stiffening and connection of springs of steel tubular arch bridges

Three characteristics of steel tubular arch bridges are being discussed. The brace members, connecting the main chord tube to an upper concrete or composite deck can be arranged either as triangular truss members, or as rigid node vertical or slightly sloping frame members. As can be expected, the former arrangement results in lower bending of the arch chord and lower compression near its centre. However, the number of brace tubes for triangular arrangement is twice as much as for the frame system. In addition, the nodes of the truss system necessarily join at least 4 tubes and are of the K-type. The latter are more complicated to design and to fabricate than T-nodes, used in the frame arrangement. Fatigue resistance of welded tubular nodes is rather low. Should the chord diameter be sufficiently large, internal diaphragm stiffeners can be provided, thus increasing considerably the fatigue resistance. Both numerical and experimental research demonstrates that an optimal location of the diaphragms can be found. However, this optimum location does not necessarily correspond to the minimum of stress concentrations. Most springs of steel tubular arch bridges are rigidly connected to a concrete abutment. Generally pre-stressing bars are used to achieve this. Unfortunate experience has shown that this connection may still be too flexible to prevent axial rotation due to torsion. The alternative of using various connectors has been implemented in few bridges. The torsion resistance of such a connection has been assessed in 3 scaled tests. The results have given more insight into the mechanism of torsion connection and results in experimental values of the torsion stiffness. The preliminary conclusion of this research indicates that stud connectors show larger stiffness than strips, which is a rather unexpected outcome.
A Film Recommendation Method Based on Website Aggregation and Semantic Knowledge

To solve the shortcomings in traditional methods of personalized recommendation such as sparsity,cold-start,overspecialization and low accuracy problem,this paper proposes a recommendation method based on Website aggregation and knowledge. It gets a movie set to be recommended by Web crawler aggregating Websites,and also builds an ontologybased film model based on which that proposes an algorithm for learning the weights of user preference. It measures the similarity between movies using SimRank method and the weighted average to recommend to users according to the level of similarity. Experimental results show that the accuracy of this method is improved by about ten percent than the existing methods when it is used on non-real-time recommendation. And quality of recommendations is improved significantly on real-time recommendation. In some extent,sparsity,cold-start,overspecialization problem can be solved.
Les nouveaux outils de correction linguistique de Microsoft

De nouveaux outils de correction linguistique sont disponibles pour le français depuis quelques mois. Mis à la disposition des utilisateurs de Microsoft Office 2003, un nouveau correcteur orthographique et un nouveau correcteur grammatical permettent d’améliorer le processus de rédaction de documents. En partant d’évaluations externes effectuées récemment, nous présentons les diverses facettes de ces améliorations et de ces outils, en abordant la question de l’évaluation des outils de correction linguistique (qu’évaluer ? quels critères appliquer ? pourquoi développer une nouvelle version ? ). La réforme de l’orthographe, la féminisation des noms de métier, l’évolution de la langue figurent parmi les thèmes abordés dans cet article.