Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AIMS: an SQL-based system for airspace monitoring

In this paper, we present the "Airspace Monitoring System" (AIMS) for monitoring and analyzing flight data streams with respect to the occurrence of arbitrary complex events. In contrast to already existing tools which often focus on a single task like flight delay detection, we want to provide a more general system that allows for a comprehensive analysis of aircraft movements. This includes, e.g., the detection of critical deviations from the current flight plan, abnormal approach parameters of landing flights as well as areas with an increased risk of collisions. To this end, tracks are extracted from cluttered radar data and SQL views are employed for a timely processing of these tracks. Our general aim is to show that conventional relational database technology is capable of dealing with data streams of remarkably high complexity and frequency.
Resultados de la utilización de aloinjerto criopreservado en fracturas y consolidaciones fallidas de huesos largos

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the indications and incorporation of cryopreserved allograft in long bone fractures and nonunions. Methods: Retrospective study of 20 patients treated between 2005 and 2011, with 7 fractures and 14 long bones nonunions in which cryopreserved allograft bone was used (one patient had bilateral femoral involvement), associated with autograft in 11 cases. Average age 45.2 years (range 19 to 74). Ten women and ten men. Bone defects were classified according to whether they were circumferential or not. Results: Bony union after using morcellized allograft was achieved in 14 cases, after an average of 8 months (range 4 to 18), among the remaining 7 cases union was achieved after revision surgery in 5 cases, another case did not achieve consolidation, and an amputation was performed in another patient.
Efficacy, safety and tolerability of rivastigmine capsules in patients with probable vascular dementia: the VantagE study

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of rivastigmine capsules in patients diagnosed with probable vascular dementia (VaD). Methods: VantagE (Vascular Dementia trial studying Exelon) was a 24-week, multicentre, double-blind study. VaD patients aged 50–85 years were randomized to rivastigmine capsules (3–12 mg/day) or placebo. Efficacy assessments included global and cognitive performances, activities of daily living and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Adverse events were recorded. Additional exploratory analyses determined whether heterogeneity in pathologies and symptoms extended to differential treatment effects. Trial registration: NCT00099216. Results: 710 patients were randomized. Rivastigmine demonstrated superiority over placebo on three measures of cognitive performance (Vascular Dementia Assessment Scale, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale cognitive subscale, Mini-Mental State Examination; all p ≤ 0.05, intent-to-treat population [ITT]), but not other outcomes. Predominant adverse events were nausea and vomiting. Exploratory analyses indicated that older patients (≥ 75 years old), assumed more likely to also have Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, demonstrated significant cognitive responses to rivastigmine and a safety profile similar to that seen in AD patients. Younger patients, assumed less likely to have concomitant AD pathology, showed no efficacy response and were associated with slight elevations of blood pressure, cerebrovascular accidents and mortality. Rivastigmine–placebo differences in patients with, versus those without, medial temporal atrophy (also suggestive of concomitant AD) showed a numerical difference similar to that seen between the older versus younger patients, but did not attain statistical significance. Conclusion: Consistent with trials evaluating other cholinesterase inhibitors, rivastigmine did not provide consistent efficacy in probable VaD. The efficacy apparent on cognitive outcomes was derived from effects in older patients likely to have concomitant Alzheimer pathology. This is supportive of an existing argument that the putative cholinergic deficit in VaD reflects the presence of concomitant Alzheimer pathology.
Thermoeffector Responses at a Fixed Rate of Heat Production in Heart Failure Patients

PurposeHeart failure (HF) patients seem to exhibit altered thermoregulatory responses during exercise in the heat. However, the extent to which these responses are altered due to physiological impairments independently of biophysical factors associated with differences in metabolic heat production (Hprod), evaporative heat balance requirements (Ereq), and/or body size is presently unclear. Therefore, we examined thermoregulatory responses in 10 HF patients and 10 age-matched controls (CON) similar in body size during exercise at a fixed rate of Hprod and therefore Ereq in a 30°C environment. MethodsRectal temperature, local sweat rate, and cutaneous vascular conductance were measured throughout 60 min of cycle ergometry. Whole-body sweat rate was estimated from pre–post nude body weight corrected for fluid intake. ResultsDespite exercising at the same rate of Hprod (HF, 338 ± 43 W; CON, 323 ± 31 W; P = 0.25), the rise in rectal temperature was greater (P < 0.01) in HF (0.81°C ± 0.16°C) than in CON (0.49°C ± 0.27°C). In keeping with a similar Ereq (HF, 285 ± 40 W; CON, 274 ± 28 W; P = 0.35), no differences in whole-body sweat rate (HF, 0.45 ± 0.11 L·h−1; CON, 0.41 ± 0.07 L·h−1; P = 0.38) or local sweat rate (HF, 0.96 ± 0.17 mg·cm−2·min−1; CON, 0.79 ± 0.15 mg·cm−2·min−1; P = 0.50) were observed between groups. However, the rise in cutaneous vascular conductance was lower in HF than in CON (HF, 0.83 ± 0.42 au·mm Hg−1; CON, 2.10 ± 0.79 au·mm Hg−1; P < 0.01). In addition, the cumulative body heat storage estimated from partitional calorimetry was similar between groups (HF, 154 ± 106 kJ; CON, 196 ± 174 kJ; P = 0.44). ConclusionsCollectively, these findings demonstrate that HF patients exhibit a blunted skin blood flow response, but no differences in sweating. Given that HF patients had similar body heat storage to that of CON at the same Hprod, their greater rise in core temperature can be attributed to a less uniform internal distribution of heat between the body core and periphery.
Commentary Treating breast cancer through novel inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase pathway

Recent studies indicate that constitutive signaling through the phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase (PI3K) pathway is a cause of treatment resistance in breast cancer patients. This implies that patients with tumors that exhibit aberrant PI3K signaling may benefit from targeted pathway inhibitors. The first agents to make it to the clinic are the rapamycin analogs. These compounds inhibit the downstream PI3K effector mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin). A study presented in this issue of Breast Cancer Research suggests that recently developed inhibitors of phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1, a more proximal target of the PI3K pathway, may provide an alternative route to effective PI3K pathway inhibition for breast cancer treatment.
Similar sensitivity of time to exhaustion and time-trial time to changes in endurance.

PURPOSE There is widespread misunderstanding about the ability of constant-power tests to quantify changes in endurance performance. We have therefore compared the sensitivity of a constant-power test with that of a time trial for the effects of arterial oxygenation on endurance performance. METHODS Eight cyclists performed three constant-power rides to exhaustion and three 5-km time trials on a cycle ergometer in conditions of normoxia, hypoxia, and hyperoxia. After logarithmic transformation of performance times, sensitivity was calculated as the mean change in time divided by the error of measurement derived from the standard deviation of change scores. RESULTS In normoxia, performance times were 488 +/- 77 s for the constant-power test and 454 +/- 16 s (mean +/- SD) for the time trial. The mean and standard deviation of the change in performance time from normoxia to hypoxia were much larger in the constant-power test (-45% +/- 13%) than in the time trial (5.7% +/- 1.6%); there was a similar disparity in the change from normoxia to hyperoxia (123% +/- 37% and -4.1% +/- 1.4%, respectively). However, sensitivity for the normoxia-hypoxia change in performance in the constant-power test (6.3, 90% confidence interval 4.3-11.4) was similar to that in the time trial (4.5, 3.0-8.2); sensitivities were also similar for the normoxia-hyperoxia changes (3.2, 2.1-6.0; 3.8, 2.5-6.9, respectively). P values for mean performance changes (range, 0.0002-0.000002) reflected these sensitivities. CONCLUSIONS Time to exhaustion has sensitivity similar to that of time-trial time for the effects of arterial oxygenation and presumably other factors affecting endurance performance. Sensitivity need not be a concern when using constant-power tests to quantify changes in endurance performance.
SUBTLE VILLOUS CHANGES DETECTED AT ENDOSCOPY IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

Dysplastic areas in flat mucosa in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are difficult to detect at endoscopic examination. We describe the endoscopic and clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal mucosa with subtle villous changes (SVC) detected by endoscopy and chromoscopy in patients with IBD. The present study consists of 18 IBD patients. The age at onset of the disease, duration and extent of disease, endoscopic features, and clinical follow up were noted. Of the 18 patients, 12 had ulcerative colitis and six had Crohn's colitis. The mean duration from onset of disease to the detection of SVC was 25.4 years (range 4–50 years). All patients had extensive colitis. All SVC areas were present in colorectal segments having absent vascular pattern and decrease or loss of normal folds. Mucosal redness was frequently observed. Following indigo carmine dye spraying the SVC were characterized by a subtle villous surface resembling small intestinal mucosa. Biopsies taken from SVC areas showed dysplasia in nine of the 18 patients (50.0%): LGD in seven and HGD in two. SVC can be identified with endoscopy and chromoscopy. The endoscopic identification of SVC areas may increase the accuracy in detecting epithelial dysplasia in biopsies from patients with IBD.
The sequence memoizer

Probabilistic models of sequences play a central role in most machine translation, automated speech recognition, lossless compression, spell-checking, and gene identification applications to name but a few. Unfortunately, real-world sequence data often exhibit long range dependencies which can only be captured by computationally challenging, complex models. Sequence data arising from natural processes also often exhibits power-law properties, yet common sequence models do not capture such properties. The sequence memoizer is a new hierarchical Bayesian model for discrete sequence data that captures long range dependencies and power-law characteristics, while remaining computationally attractive. Its utility as a language model and general purpose lossless compressor is demonstrated.
Exercise attenuates the weight-loss-induced reduction in muscle mass in frail obese older adults.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of adding exercise to a hypocaloric diet on changes in appendicular lean mass and strength in frail obese older adults undergoing voluntary weight loss. METHODS Thirty frail older (age, 70 +/- 5 yr) obese (body mass index, 37 +/- 5 kg.m) adults were randomly assigned to 6 months of diet/behavioral therapy (diet group, n = 15) or diet or behavioral therapy plus exercise that incorporated progressive resistance training (PRT; diet + exercise group; n = 15). Body composition was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and muscle strength was assessed using one-repetition maximum. The volume of upper extremity (UE) and lower extremity (LE) exercise training was determined by multiplying the average number of repetitions performed by the average weight lifted during the first three exercise sessions and during the last three exercise sessions of the study. RESULTS The diet and the diet + exercise groups had similar (P > 0.05) decreases in weight (10.7 +/- 4.5 vs 9.7 +/- 4.0 kg) and fat mass (6.8 +/- 3.7 vs 7.7 +/- 2.9 kg). However, the diet + exercise group lost less fat-free mass (FFM; 1.8 +/- 1.5 vs 3.5 +/- 2.1 kg), LE lean mass (0.9 +/- 0.8 vs 2.0 +/- 0.9 kg), and UE lean mass (0.1 +/- 0.2 vs 0.2 +/- 0.2 kg) than the diet group (P < 0.05). The diet + exercise group had greater increases in percent of weight as FFM (FFM / weight x 100) than the diet group (7.9 +/- 3.3 vs 5.4 +/- 3.7%; P < 0.05). Despite lean mass losses, the diet + exercise group increased UE and LE strength in response to exercise (17-43%), whereas the diet group maintained strength. The volume of UE and LE exercises correlated with the amount of UE and LE lean mass (r = 0.64-0.84; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Exercise added to diet reduces muscle mass loss during voluntary weight loss and increases muscle strength in frail obese older adults. Regular exercise that incorporates PRT should be used to attenuate muscle mass loss in frail obese older adults on weight-loss therapy.
DESIGUALDADES EN EL DESARROLLO GEOPOLÍTICO DE GÉNERO EN ESPAÑA 1980-2005. UN DETERMINANTE ESTRUCTURAL DE LA SALUD

Fundamento: El genero es un determinante estructural de la salud. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar los cambios en las desigualdades del desarrollo de genero en Espana y Comunidades Autonomas (1980-2005). Metodos: Estudio ecologico sobre evolucion del Indice de Desarrollo de Genero y sus componentes (educacion, ingresos y esperanza de vida al nacer) por sexo en Espana y CC.AA (1980 a 2005). Fuente de informacion: Indice Desarrollo de Genero (1980 a 2000). Y calculo del Indice de Desarrollo de Genero 2005 segun metodologia del Informe de Capital Humano. Fuentes: Instituto Nacional Estadistica, Encuesta Poblacion Activa, Padron municipal, Ministerio Educacion, Consejo Universidades, EUROSTAT, y Encuesta Estructura Salarial. Resultados: El Indice de Desarrollo de Genero de Espana mejoro (valor2005:0,903-valor1980:0,810). La amplitud del rango entre Comunidades Autonomas bajo el Indice de Desarrollo de Genero global de Espana era el triple en 1980 (DiferenciaC.Valenciana-Extremadura:0,068) que en 2005 (DiferenciaAsturias-Extrmadura:0,023). Las Comunidades Autonomas sobre el Indice de Desarrollo de Genero global de Espana apenas variaron entre ellas. Los 3 componentes del Indice de Desarrollo de Genero mejoraron. Destaca, Indice educacion: los valores de los hombres superan a los de las mujeres en los primeros anos, tornandose mas altos para estas a partir de 1985, e Indice ingresos: el valor global de las mujeres en Espana en 2005 (0,814) es inferior al de los hombres 25 anos antes (1980:0,867). Conclusiones: Las diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en los valores de los componentes del Indice de Desarrollo de Genero se redujeron entre 1980-2005. Pese a la mejoria del desarrollo de genero en Espana persisten las desigualdades interregionales norte-sur.
Effects of exercise and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) on aortic stiffness in the elderly

Senescence is a complex process involving many variables including genetics, lifestyle factors, and chronic diseases, the interaction of which significantly influences the manner in which we age. In particular, hypertension and genes of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system have been associated with functional and structural changes of the large arteries, which are thought to contribute to age-related increases in the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Despite mounting evidence implicating sedentary behavior as a significant risk factor in chronic-disease morbidity and mortality among the elderly, there is a limited amount of information on the role of exercise in promoting optimal health and function in older people. The purpose of the present review is to discuss the effects of exercise training and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) on aortic stiffness in the elderly.
Longitudinal study of physical activity and inactivity in preschoolers: the FLAME study.

PURPOSE To investigate patterns of activity and inactivity in a birth cohort of children followed from 3 to 5 yr and to investigate whether changes in activity occurred over time. METHODS Two hundred and forty-four children (44% female) were seen annually at 3, 4, and 5 yr. Physical activity and inactivity was measured by questionnaire (parent-proxy) and by Actical accelerometers for five consecutive days (24-h monitoring) each year in children and once in each parent for 7 d (69% with data). RESULTS Retention of participants was high (92%). Viable accelerometry data were obtained for 76-85% of children at each age. Reliability estimates ranged from 0.80 (3 yr) to 0.84 (5 yr). Day of the week, season, sex, hours of childcare, or birth order did not affect daily average accelerometry counts (AAC) at any age. Parental activity correlated weakly with the child's activity at 3 and 4 yr (r values = 0.17-0.28), but only the father's activity remained a significant predictor of the child's activity after adjustment for confounders. Children spent approximately 90 min.d in screen time (television, videos, DVD, and computers) with an additional 90 min in other sedentary activities (reading, drawing, and music). Physical activity was significantly reduced at 4 and 5 yr compared with 3 yr in both sexes, whether measured as AAC (24-h data, awake time only, weekend days, weekdays), time in moderate or vigorous activity, or from parental reports of activity. CONCLUSION Levels of physical activity declined in boys and girls between the ages 3 and 4-5 yr, whether using objective measures or parental reports of activity.
ResolutionMD mobile: delivering advanced visualization and interactive video to wireless devices for acute telemedicine

Patients in underserved communities stand to benefit the most from the availability of acute telemedicine [1]. Delivering critical patient information to remote clinical experts in a timely manner supports more rapid decision-making, resulting in improved patient outcomes [3]. ResolutionMD Mobile (ResMD) aims to be the first to deliver anytime, anywhere full-functionality advanced visualization of medical images and high-quality, interactive video to wireless devices. ResMD's unique client-server architecture doesn't require medical image data to be transferred and confidential patient information doesn't persist after application closure, providing clinicians instant access and eliminating data security concerns. Cellular data networks allow for cost-effective delivery of these critical components to remote and underserved patient populations, allowing for universal delivery of world-class care. In partnership with the Mayo Clinic Telestroke Network, ResMD is being assessed for safety and efficacy in providing image viewing for telestroke consultations. To date, 65 consecutive subjects have had their images reviewed by spoke radiologists and hub Vascular Neurologists (VN) using ResMD. Hub VNs preferred to view the CT using ResMD in 80% (52/65) of consultations and accessed images on ResMD after 34 minutes on average, significantly faster that counterparts using competing technologies at 45 minutes (p=0.04). The VN ResMD interpretations were in perfect agreement with radiologists for radiological contraindications to tPA administration.
Gross efficiency during rowing is not affected by stroke rate.

PURPOSE It has been suggested that the optimal stroke rate in rowing is partly determined by the stroke-rate dependence of internal power losses. This should be reflected in a stroke-rate dependency of gross efficiency (e(gross)). The purpose of this study was to investigate if e(gross) is affected by stroke rate. A second aim was to determine whether internal power losses can be estimated by the negative power output during the stroke cycle (P(negative)). METHODS Seventeen well-trained female rowers participated in this study. They rowed three trials on a modified rowing ergometer on slides at a submaximal intensity, with a respiratory exchange ratio of 1 or close to 1. Stroke rates were 28, 34, and 40 strokes per minute. The trials were fully randomized. Power transfer to the flywheel was kept constant whereas e(gross) was determined during each trial. RESULTS No significant differences in e(gross) were found between conditions. This finding suggests that in rowing internal power losses are not influenced by stroke rate. Furthermore, although P(negative) increased at increasing stroke rate (P < 0.001), no relationship was found with e(gross). This suggests that P(negative) is not a reliable measure to estimate internal power losses. CONCLUSION This study shows that within the range of stroke rates applied in competitive rowing, internal power losses are unrelated to rowing cycle frequency.
Bridging the Gap to Increasing the Number of Black Student into Graduate School: An Academic Advising Tool

One way to increase the “dismally low” number of Black students in graduate school is to take an appreciative approach for advisors to utilize. Given that academic advisors interact with black undergraduate students on academic matters, the purpose of this article is to provide those academic advisors with specific tools from the Appreciative Advising framework for encouraging Black students to pursue post-graduate degree opportunities.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease in 8-to 15-Year Old Boys

A sample of 399 boys, 8 to 15 years of age, underwent a comprehensive evaluation to determine the extent to which coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors are related to an estimate of cardiorespiratory fitness. The boys were divided into four groups on the basis of their directly measured VO2max. Significant differences were found between fitness groups for relative body fat, plasma triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and systolic blood pressure divided by height, with the higher fitness groups exhibiting substantially lower values. When covariance analyses were conducted, adjusting for differences in age and relative body fat, the differences in blood pressure were no longer statistically significant. No differences were found between fitness groups for total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, or the ratio of HDL/TC. It is concluded that there is not a strong relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and CAD risk factors in boys 8- to 15-years of age.
Transcriptional Activation of the p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene Provides a Rapid Protective Mechanism against DNA Damage during S-phase of the Cell Cycle

Copyright: © 2013 Reisman D. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. p53 functions as a DNA-binding factor that regulates genes required to initiate cell cycle checkpoints or apoptosis in response to ionizing radiation, UV light or other types of DNA damage. Countless studies over the past 20 years indicate that mutant forms of p53 found in tumor cells, which are highly expressing in cancers, lose their DNAdamage checkpoint activities and often function as cancer promoting oncogenes. Thus mutant p53 serve to contribute to tumorigenesis.