Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Probabilistic Voting Model of Social Security : The Role of Myopic Agents *

This paper investigates the political incentives for the design of social security policy in competitive democracies with both far-sighted and myopic households. The social security scheme depends on both a payroll tax rate which determines the size of the pension and a Bismarckian factor that represents its redistributive component. By considering a probabilistic voting setting of electoral competition, we analyze the political game between office-seeking politicians and self-interested citizens. Politicians can win the election by targeting the voters in each group by trading off the generosity and the redistribution degree of the public pension system. In the political equilibrium, the contribution rate is U-shaped with respect to the Bismarckian factor. Moreover, the equilibrium Bismarckian factor unambiguously decreases with the proportion of myopic agents, whereas the equilibrium payroll tax rate curve is U-shaped with respect to the proportion of myopic agents.
Investigation of the properties of a 1 00 1 00 LaBr 3 :Ce scintillator

The properties of a cylindrical 1 00 � 1 00 LaBr3:Ce scintillator (Brillance 380) were investigated. The energy resolution at g-ray energy of 662 keV was measured to be smaller than 3% and the intrinsic time resolution was found to be E230 ps. Two different aspects were investigated. The first is the detailed study of the crystal self-activity, emitting a and b particles and g-rays, by measuring coincidences with g-rays in HPGe, BGO and BaF2 detectors. In particular, the coincidence with an HPGe detector allowed to isolate clearly the different contributions from 227 Ac (chemical homologue of lanthanum) and its daughter nuclei down to the stable 207 Pb. The second aspect is the determination of the efficiency for g-ray detection, measured at 1 MeV and simulated using GEANT4 up to 15 MeV as a function of the detector size.
The Relation between Field Behaviour and Changes in Impatience

Many studies already did research in finding any correlation between impatience and field behavior using hyperbolic discounting functions. However, using these functions can be prob- lematic. Therefore in Rohde (2016), a new measure is introduced for calculating the degree of decreasing impatience. This research focusses on an extension of the experiment by Rohde (2016), searching for correlations between the degree of decreasing impatience and self-reported self-control problems. Two experiments were set up using monetary incentives and health states. For the monetary incentives, two procedures P and T from Rohde (2016) were used. It seems that P gives a more plausible outcome for the degree of decreasing impatience compared to T. For health states, only P was used for theoretical reasons. Using health states instead of monetary incentives leads to people having a stronger degree of decreasing impatience. In both experiments, no correlation was found between the degree of decreasing impatience and self- reported self-control problems, suggesting that self-control problems cannot solely be predicted from changes in impatience.
The situation and development research of internet finance

Internet finance is not clearly defined by widely accepted. With the rapid development and mature of Internet finance, people's awareness and understanding of its connotation is gradually deepened. Internet finance is a combination of Internet and finance, which is using the Internet and mobile communications technology. Internet finance is a new financial model of joining the financing, payment and information agent together. In essence, the Internet is the use of large financial data, cloud computing, social networking and other Internet search engine technology for financing a new financial services model. Internet finance both non-financial institutions as Internet companies engaged in financial operations, including financial institutions conduct business via the Internet. Internet and financial depth of integration is the further trend, which has a more profound impact on financial products, business, organization and services. Promote the healthy development of Internet finance will help enhance the quality of financial services and efficiency, deepen financial reform, promote financial innovation and development, thus can expand domestic and the financial sector to build multi-level financial system. The paper will discuss the financial situation of the Internet, and then give the future prospects and possible directions of Internet finance based on the core issue-depth analysis.
Grazing and viral lysis vary for different components of the microbial community across an estuarine gradient

The balance between grazing and viral lysis of both photosynthetic and heterotro- phic microbes determines the food resources that are available, and how much of each resource is present, for higher trophic levels. Mobile Bay is the fourth largest estuary in the USA, based on river discharge, and is home to a variety of nursery habitats for larvae and juveniles of economi- cally important species which depend for their food on production of organisms of microbial size. To characterize the patterns of growth and removal rates of this fraction of organisms in Mobile Bay, we carried out modified dilution experiments in summer and winter at 3 stations along a salinity and nutrient gradient. Rates of growth, grazing and viral lysis for prokaryotes and domi- nant phytoplankton (cyanobacteria, diatoms and dinoflagellates) were determined for each exper- iment. Grazing and viral lysis of prokaryotes did not appear to be related to season or location, and both processes were detected within the bay as well as on the shelf. For phytoplankton, grazing was the dominant removal process inshore in the summer, while viral lysis of phytoplankton was detected in the fall and in winter. In winter, an apparent increase in dinoflagellates, and in the overall biomass of phytoplankton, was concurrent with increased viral lysis, suggesting that recy- cling by viruses may be an important source of nutrients in coastal waters.
Impact of Outdated Channel Estimates on a Distributed Link-Selection Scheme for AF Relaying Networks

We investigate the impact of outdated channel estimates on the outage performance of a distributed link-selection scheme recently proposed for variable-gain amplify-and-forward relaying networks. In this scheme, either the direct link or the relaying link is preselected before each transmission, based on a distributed mechanism. We begin by showing that an exact analysis is rather intricate, yielding a multifold integral-form solution. Motivated by this, we then derive a simple closed-form lower bound, which, importantly, proves to be a very tight approximation to the exact outage probability. We also assess the system diversity order via asymptotic analysis.
Jones and Kelly 1187 Ostracism and Being Out of the Loop : What Is Known and Yet to Be Explored

Studies show the importance of information sharing in decision making. However, information sharing also affects intrapersonal perceptions and group dynamics. Three experiments demonstrated that out-of-the-loop individuals experienced thwarted needs (e.g., belonging) and decreased trust and liking of group members. Experiment 1 showed these deleterious effects only occurred when information exclusion appeared intentional. Experiment 2 established that constructive motives could mitigate negative effects of intentional information exclusion. Experiment 3 showed that unintentional information exclusion deflated participants only when perceived as preventable. These experiments also provided evidence for a mediating process. Information exclusion, particularly when ill intentioned or preventable, signals poor group standing, leading to deleterious psychological effects.
Title Inference for the Mean in the Heavy-tailed Case Permalink

In this article, asymptotic inference for the mean of i.i. d. observations in the context of heavy-tailed distributions is discussed. While both the standard asymptotic method based on the normal approximation and Efron's bootstrap are inconsistent when the underlying distribution does not possess a second moment, we propose two approaches based on the subsampling idea of Politis and Romano (1994) which will give correct answers. The rst approach uses the fact that the sample mean, properly standardized, will under some regularity conditions have a limiting stable distribution. The second approach consists of subsampling the usual t-statistic and is somewhat more general. A simulation study compares the small sample performance of the two methods.
evue générale nnovations thérapeutiques en radiothérapie du cancer de la prostate ocalisé herapeutic innovations in radiation oncology for localized prostate cancer

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy, image-guided radiation therapy with fiducial markers and prostate brachytherapy allow the delivery of dose escalation for localized prostate cancer with very low rates of long-term toxicity and sequelae. Nowadays, modern radiotherapy techniques make it possible to shorten treatment time with hypofractionation, to better protect surrounding healthy tissues and to escalate the dose even further. Advances in radiotherapy are closely linked to advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or PET imaging. Functional imaging makes it possible to deliver personalised pelvic nodal radiotherapy, targeting the nodal areas at higher risk of microscopic involvement. In patients with an index lesion at baseline or at failure, MR-based focal therapy or focal dose escalation with brachytherapy or stereotactic body radiation therapy is also currently investigated. MR-based adaptive radiotherapy, which makes it possible to track prostate shifts during radiation delivery, is another step forward in the integration of MR imaging in radiation delivery. © 2017 Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All ∗ Auteur correspondant. Adresse e-mail : gcrehange@cgfl.fr (G. Créhange). http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.canrad. 2017.07. 037 278-3218/© 2017 Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO). Publié par Else rights reserved.
and is in the pu dritic cells to measles virus ppression

Measles virus (MV) remains an important pathogen in children worldwide. The morbidity and mortality of MV is associated with severe immune suppression. Dendritic cells (DCs) were identified as initial target cells in vivo, and DCs were efficiently infected by MV in vitro. MV infection of DCs likely contributes to functional deficiency in these cells; therefore playing a role inMV-induced immunosuppression. DCs appeared tomature phenotypically; however, the ability of infected cells to stimulate T cells was compromised. Phenotypic maturation of infected immature DCs was partially controlled by IFN production; however, infected DCs also maintained markers of an immature phenotype such as the continued uptake of antigen and lack of expression of chemokine receptor CCR7. Furthermore, mature DCs did not appear to maintain phenotypic maturation following infection demonstrated by decreased MHC and co-stimulatory molecule expression. Several mechanisms of MVinduced DC dysfunction have been suggested, each likely contributing to the immunosuppressive effect of MV-infected DCs. InfectedDCs responded aberrantly to secondarymaturation stimuli such as CD40L or TLR4 stimulation.MVinfection resulted in apoptosis in DC/T-cell cocultures, which may contribute to a reduced T-cell response. Additionally, the immunological synapse between infected DCs and T cells was compromised resulting in reduced T-cell interaction times and activation signaling. The mechanisms of MV contribution to DC dysfunction appear multifaceted and central to MV-induced immunosuppression. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Bioremediation of oil spills: A review of challenges for research advancement

As the demand for liquid petroleum increases, the need for reliable and efficient oil spill clean-up techniques is inevitable. Bioremediation is considered one of the most sustainable clean-up techniques but the potential has not been fully exploited in the field because it is too slow to meet the immediate demands of the environment. This study reviews the challenges to managing oil spills in terrestrial and marine environments to identify areas that require further research. Current challenges associated with bioremediation of spilled petroleum include resistance of asphalthenes to biodegradation; delay of heavy or high molar mass polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) biodegradation, eutrophication caused by biostimulation, unsustainability of bioaugmentation in the field, poor bioavailability of spilled petroleum, inefficiency of biodegradation in anoxic environments and failure of successful bioremediation laboratory studies in the field. Recommendations offered include encouraging asphalthene biodegradation by combining heat application (80°C), biosurfactant (thermophilic emulsifier) and bioaugmentation (using a consortium containing Bacillus lentus and Pleurotus tuberregium as members) but as a temporary measure, adopting the use of "booms and skimmers" and "organic sorbents" for water and land clean-up, respectively. Heavy PAHs may be rapidly degraded by applying nutrients (biostimulation) and biosurfactants to sites that are oleophilic microbe-rich. Oleophilic nutrients may be the most effective strategy to reduce eutrophication in marine environments whilst on land, slow-release nutrient application or organic-inorganic nutrient rotation may help prevent soil hardening and infertility. The use of encapsulating agents and genetically-engineered microbes (GEMs) may increase the efficiency of bioaugmentation in the field, but temporarily, indigenous oleophilic microbes may be employed in the field. Poor bioavailability of crude oil may be eliminated by the use of biosurfactants. In terrestrial anoxic sites, bioslurping-biosparging technology could be used whilst the marine anoxic site requires more research on how to transport nutrients and biosurfactants to oleophilic anaerobes residing in the ocean beds. The involvement of both governmental and non-governmental environmental institutions in sponsoring field studies in order to improve the reliability of bioremediation research. Further studies to test the practicability and cost of these recommendations in the field are needed. Permanent URL: http://hdl.handle. net/2047/d20018675
Graphically Speaking Editor: André Stork Underwater Visual Computing: the Grand Challenge Just around the Corner Underwater Applications

V isual computing is in uencing nearly every aspect of our lives. We plan our new kitchens with augmented reality, rely on camera-based assistance systems in modern cars, and pro t from enormous progress in medical imaging technologies for diagnosis. Our smart-phones gives us megapixel cameras and high-resolution displays available at our ngertips, and the next generation of devices will also offer optical 3D sensors and 3D displays. Via Wi-Fi and 4G networks, we have permanent and affordable broadband access to unlimited data spaces and computing power in the cloud. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) even allow us to always accurately determine our positions. All those technologies open up a universe of interactive visual computing applications in every situation and everywhere around the world, right? Not really. Two-thirds of our planet is covered by water. As soon as we leave the land and dive into the oceans, we enter a completely new environment that presents signi cant differences compared with dry land: ■ Almost none of the technical devices we use can operate under water. ■ The optical properties of water strongly in u-ence image acquisition and visualization. ■ The water damping disconnects users and devices from satellite signals and other wireless network connections. With the growing number of subsea and offshore activities, the research on visual computing applications for underwater settings will become more important in the near future. Many tasks, ranging from marine research to submarine cable inspection, have to be performed underwater and would thus pro t from visual computing technology to make them more ef cient, robust, and safe. Because of the speci c environmental conditions inherent in underwater settings, these applications are not as straightforward as graphical applications in air, which raises many research questions. This article examines some of the challenges for underwater visual computing and looks at the steps being taken to cope with them. The oceans are the backbone of worldwide trade and the source of a signi cant share of oil and gas production. However, oceans also play an important role in delivering animal protein (via catch and a growing percentage of aquaculture), are a cornerstone of the transition to renewable energy, and are a future source for mineral resources. Together with pipelines and sea cables connecting continents and ports or dikes, a lot of technical structures have to be planned, installed, and maintained in underwater settings. Some of those structures …
Vplyv sofistikovaného hybridného Honeypotu na efektivitu

In the current development of technologies, rapid growth of computer networks and distributed systems still exist a very probable risk of attack. There have been developed and implemented a number of solutions to help in detecting and/or preventing attacks and to improve the actual system security. The most common solution is to use Intrusion Detection System (IDS) in cooperation with the firewall. Neither the IDS nor firewall can respond in real time to a specific type of attack. This paper deals with the detection mechanism based on Honeypot technology and its use in the proposed architecture to improve security of computer systems. The essence of the work is to show how can sophisticated hybrid Honeypot influence the design of IDS architecture and thus increase its efficiency.
Association of allelic polymorphisms of the Matrix Gla-protein system genes with acute coronary syndrome in the Ukrainian population

Calcifi cation of the vascular wall is a prognostic factor for the outcome of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Matrix Gla-protein system, which includes MGP, VDR, VKOR, GGCX, BMP-2 is an important factor in vessels protection of ectopic calcifi cation. Polymorphisms of genes, which encode the structure of these proteins, determine their activity and may affect the intensity of calcifi cation and the consequences of ACS. Aim. The association between ACS and polymorphic variants of Matrix Gla-protein system genes: MGP (rs1800802, rs1800801, rs4236), VDR (rs2228570, rs1544410, rs7975232, rs731236), GGCX (rs699664), VKORC1 (rs2359612), BMP-2 (rs2273073), was analyzed. Methods. Venous blood of 118 patients with ACS and 234 healthy individuals (control group) was used for genotyping. Polymorphisms of Matrix Glaprotein system genes were examined by PCR-RFLP methodology. Results. The risk of ACS in carriers of minor allele A/A (rs1800801) is 2.8 times higher; G/G (rs1544410) 2.1 times higher; A (rs699664) and C (rs2359612) 2 times higher than in carriers of the major allele. The best classifi cation model is a two-component model that includes polymorphisms rs1800801 and rs4236 of the MGP gene (predictive ability is 63 % for MDR and 68 % for the Random forest method). The coincidence of similar orientation genotype variants for chosen polymorphism[s] was associated with a high risk of developing ACS: in the heterozygote genotype it increased by 2.1 times, and in the homozygote for the minor allele genotype, by 6.3 times. Conclusion. There is an association between ACS and some polymorphic variants of Matrix Gla-protein system genes: MGP (rs1800801), VDR (rs1544410), GGCX (rs699664), VKORC1 (rs2359612). This indicates a higher risk of complications in the ACS patients with the following genotypes: A/A (rs1800801), G/G (rs1544410), A/A (rs699664) and C/C (rs2359612).
SECRAL STATUS AND FIRST BEAM TEST AT 24GHZ

SECRAL (Superconducting ECR ion source with Advanced design in Lanzhou) has been in routine operation at 18GHz for HIRFL (Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou) accelerator complex since May 2007. It has delivered a few highly charged heavy ion beams for the HIRFL accelerator and the total beam time so far has exceeded 3500 hours. To further enhance the SECRAL performance, a 24GHz/7kW gyrotron microwave amplifier has been installed and tested. Very exciting results were produced with quite a few new record highly-charged ion beam intensities. The latest results and reliable long-term operation for the accelerator have once again demonstrated that SECRAL is one of the best performance ECR ion source for the production of highly-charged heavy ion beams.
Radicalisation and Extremism in Eastern Africa:Dynamics and Drivers.

Understanding the causes and drivers of radicalisation, non-violent extremism and violent extremism is crucial for any organisation involved in improving human security, peacebuilding and reconciliation work. It should be clear to most observers, particularly scholars and politicians, that Eastern Africa is a strategically important region to recruiters espousingmanifestlyviolent means to achieve social, religious or political goals. It is also clear that it is not only a regional problem, as “violent extremist ideologies are gaining an unprecedented level of traction across the globe, taking root in local communities and controlling territory in a number of fragile states” (European Commission, 2016, p. 3). However, this paper seeks to understand thereasons for radicalisation and extremism in Eastern Africa andthe ideological dynamics that underpin and structure the way in which theyare manifest in that region. It includes an introduction explaining the key terms used, elucidating their conceptual nuances and interconnectedness, followed by an introduction to the underlying causes of radicalisation and extremism in this region and finally, proposals to address and counter these challenges.
Classification of Mouse Estrous Cycle Stages Vaginal Fold Histology Reduces the Variability Introduced by Vaginal Exfoliative Cytology in the

Vaginal exfoliative cytology is commonly used in biomedical and toxicological research to classify the stages of the rodent estrous cycle. However, mouse vaginal exfoliative cytology is commonly used as a stand-alone tool and has not been evaluated in reference to vaginal histology and serum sex hormone levels. In this study, the direct and Giemsa-stained methods of vaginal exfoliative cytology were compared in reference to vaginal fold histology and serum sex hormone levels. Both methods predicted the estrous stages similarly with mean discordance rates of 55%, 77%, 46%, and 31%, for diestrus, proestrus, estrus, and metestrus, respectively. From these results, we conclude that vaginal exfoliative cytology may be used as a general guide to determine the desired estrous stage end point and that a definitive confirmation of the estrous stage should be obtained from evaluation of vaginal fold histology. Confirmation of the stage of the estrous cycle by vaginal fold histology will decrease the variability otherwise introduced by misclassification of estrous cycle stages with vaginal exfoliative cytology.