Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ascending aortic dissection with atypical presentation of headache.

A 51-year-old man presented with persistent headaches of 2 months' duration. An ultrasonogram of the carotid arteries revealed subclavian steal on the right. The patient had a substantial surgical history that involved reconstructive skin grafting and local flaps to the head and neck secondary to burn injuries when he was a child. Accordingly, to better evaluate the aortic arch and its brachiocephalic branches, computed tomographic angiography of the neck was performed. The examination revealed an ascending aortic dissection (Fig. 1). The intimal flap extended to the level of the distal aortic arch (Fig. 2) and into the right brachiocephalic and right subclavian arteries (Fig. 3). Antegrade flow was identified in both internal carotid arteries. Computed tomography of the thorax confirmed the diagnosis of a type 1 aortic dissection and a small pericardial effusion. A predisposing factor was not identified. An electrocardiogram revealed sinus rhythm without ischemic changes. A perioperative transesophageal echocardiogram revealed no abnormal morphology or function of the aortic valve and confirmed a type 1 aortic dissection with flow in the true and false lumina. The patient underwent successful surgical repair of the ascending aorta with graft placement. Fig. 1 Contrast-enhanced computed tomographic image of the thorax at the level of the aortic arch shows a prominent dissection plane (arrow). Fig. 2 Contrast-enhanced computed tomographic image of the thorax at the level of the ascending aorta shows a dissection flap (arrow) along with a true lumen (TL) and a false lumen (FL). Fig. 3 Contrast-enhanced computed tomographic image of the thorax at the level of the aortic arch shows a dissection plane (arrows) that involves all 3 arch vessels: the brachiocephalic artery (B), the left common carotid artery (L), and the left subclavian .
Effects of reducing dietary crude protein with amino acids supplementation on performance of commercial white leghorn layers during the second production period.

Several strategies are being developed to minimize nitrogen (N) pollution from poultry waste in areas with high concentrations of commercial poultry operations. This study focus on the effect of feeding reduced protein (CP) diets on laying hens housed under commercial conditions. The experiment was carried out using 144 Hy-Line W-36 hens which were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatment groups. Corn-soy based diets varying in dietary crude protein (CP) levels supplemented with commercially amino acids as follows: (1) 17% CP + Met, (2) 16% CP + Met & Lys, (3) 15% CP + Met & Lys, and (4) 14% CP + Met, Lys & Thr, were fed to layers from 53 to 64 weeks of age. Cage was considered the experimental unit (4 hens/cage), and each treatment was replicated 9 times. Using final body weights (BW), feed consumption (FC), protein intake (PI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), egg production (EP), egg weights (EW), egg mass (EM) and egg components and solids data as growth and productive parameters during the studied period (11 weeks), one slope, broken-line regression models were employed to estimate the break point for each parameter due to reducing CP in Commercial White Leghorn hens diets. Mean differences in BW, FC and FCR among dietary CP levels were not significantly different. However, PI data showed that reducing dietary CP levels resulted in a significant (P ≤ 0.001) PI linear reduction in hens fed the 14% CP consuming the lowest PI 13.10 g/ hen as compared to all other dietary CP treatments. Estimating PI break point, hens fed the 16.78% CP consumed 16.01 g/ hen which was similar (P ≤ 0.001) to 17% CP and higher than hens fed 14, 15 or 16% CP, respectively. Numerically higher EP was recorded for hens fed on the 17% CP diet (84.74%), and heavier EW was recorded for the 16% CP (63.34 g). Albumen solids were reduced
Linear dimension reduction of sequences of medical images: II. Direct sum decomposition

Using unitary transformations together with a previously described statistical theory for optimal linear dimension reduction it is shown how pixels in a sequence of images can be decomposed into a sum of variates, covariates, and residual vectors, with all covariances equal to zero. It is demonstrated that this decomposition is optimal with respect to noise. In addition, it results in simplified and well conditioned equations for dimension reduction and elimination of covariates. The factor images are not degraded by subdivision of the time intervals. In contrast to traditional factor analysis, the factors can be measured directly or calculated based on physiological models. This procedure not only solves the rotation problem associated with factor analysis, but also eliminates the need for calculation of the principal components altogether. Examples are given of factor images of the heart, generated from a dynamic study using oxygen-15-labelled water and positron emission tomography. As a special application of the method, it is shown that the factor images may reveal any contamination of the blood curve derived from the original dynamic images with myocardial activity.
L'interaction 3D adaptative : une approche basée sur les méthodes de traitement de données multi-capteurs

La realite virtuelle est un domaine touchant a plusieurs disciplines. Par le biais de l'interaction 3D l'Homme peut accomplir des tâches dans un environnement virtuel en utilisant des techniques d'interaction 3D. Ces techniques sont souvent mono-tâches et s'appuient sur l'utilisation de materiel de realite virtuelle bien specifique. Le passage d'une tâche de l'interaction 3D a une autre est le plus souvent a la charge de l'utilisateur, ou bien du programmeur. Cependant de nombreux problemes sont presents dans ces systemes, dits de realite virtuelle. En effet, des problemes materiels le plus souvent du aux technologies utilisees sont presents et peuvent induire un comportement erratique du systeme. De plus, il peut arriver que les techniques d'interaction 3D ne soient pas adaptees a l'application de realite virtuelle, ou que celles-ci soient trop complexes a utiliser pour le novice. Tous ces problemes nuisent a l'immersion de l'etre humain dans l'environnement virtuel ainsi qu'aux performances de l'interaction 3D et donc a l'accomplissement de la tâche dans l'application de realite virtuelle. L'objectif de ce travail est de proposer un systeme d'interaction 3D adaptative. Par interaction 3D adaptative, on cherche a definir une interaction 3D qui soit continue tant au niveau des donnees qu'au basculement d'une tâche a l'autre. Nous avons donc modelise et concu un ensemble de composants pour accomplir cet objectif. Nous avons modelise une technique d'interaction 3D pouvant etre utilise de maniere continue meme lors du basculement d'une tâche. Nous avons egalement concu un systeme qui permet d'automatiser le basculement d'une tâche de l'interaction 3D vers une autre en estimant la tâche que souhaite accomplir l'utilisateur. Enfin, un dernier composant a pour role d'ameliorer la precision et de garantir la continuite du tracking.
Open access sclerotherapy: an alternative technique to treat complex venous malformations.

We present a case of a 4-year-old girl with a venous malformation (VM) in the flexor compartment of her left forearm extending into the hand causing symptoms consistent with carpal tunnel syndrome, including swelling, pain, and altered sensation. Ultrasoundguided percutaneous sclerotherapy was only partially successful because of the limited access to deeper components of the lesion and greater caution exercised to avoid the risk of median nerve injury. Open access sclerotherapy was successfully performed by the careful titration of sclerosant under direct visualization at the time of surgical decompression of the forearm, hand, and carpal tunnel. This approach provides an alternative treatment for complicated vascular malformations that are inaccessible, multiloculated, or in proximity to vital neurovascular structures.
The role of vaginal scan in measurement of endometrial thickness in postmenopausal women

Summary. Transvaginal ultrasound scanning was performed on 111 postmenopausal women. Of these women, 103 had postmenopausal bleeding, and eight were undergoing hysterectomy. Of the 103 women with bleeding, 93 had dilatation and curettage (D&C) and 10 patients were treated conservatively with a repeat scan in six months. A correlation of ultrasound findings and endometrial histopathology was possible in 94 patients. In 59 of these (63%) the endometrium was atrophic and the ultrasound endometrial thickness was 5 mm or less. In 29 (31%) patients the endometrial histology was abnormal and ultrasound endometrial thickness was greater than 5 mm. In six patients the endometrium was atrophic, but the ultrasonic endometrial thickness was apparently greater than 5 mm due to intracavity fluid. We suggest that an endometrial thickness of 5 mm is an appropriate cut‐off level for conservative management of patients with postmenopausal bleeding, or in screening for endometrial carcinoma.
A proposal for using the internet of things concept to increase children's health awareness

Childhood obesity has become a major problem around the world. In many cases children develop unhealthy eating patterns, resulting in excess energy intake, because they eat alone without their parents or teachers advice. In this paper we propose a mobile health (mhealth) platform intended to increase children's health awareness by tracking their food intake and sending proper notifications and messages based on their food choices. The platform is based on the Internet of Things concept in order to facilitate capturing food information using intelligent tags instead of doing manual entries.
Endoscopic management of arachnoid cysts: an advancing technique.

OBJECT Neuroendoscopy is increasingly used in neurosurgery. The authors report their evolving experience in the management of arachnoid cysts using endoscopic techniques and, more recently, the use of these techniques in combination with neuronavigation systems. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of this approach and the factors influencing the final outcome of treatment. METHODS The authors reviewed 39 cases in which patients were treated endoscopically for intracranial arachnoid cysts over a period of 8 years. The indications and techniques used were reviewed and the surgical outcomes assessed. There was no death or significant morbidity associated with the procedure. Thirty-six patients had resolution or improvement of symptoms and only three required insertion of a shunt. CONCLUSIONS The treatment of arachnoid cysts has been revolutionized by the introduction of endoscopic techniques. The authors conclude on the basis of their experience that in most cases the combination of neuroendoscopy and frameless navigation represents a safe and reliable modality for treating this benign intracranial entity with minimal surgical trauma. The specific approach should be based on the individual characteristics of each cyst and the surgeon's experience.
Power of Variance Component Linkage Analysis—II. Discrete Traits

We determine the power of variance component linkage analysis in the case of discrete, dichotomous traits analyzed under a classical liability threshold model. For simplicity we consider randomly ascertained samples and an additive model of variation incorporating a qtl, residual additive genetic factors, and individual‐specific random environmental effects. We derive an expression for the power of variance component linkage analysis in arbitrary relative pairs, and compare the power of discrete and quantitative trait linkage analysis in the specific case of sibpairs. The predicted sample sizes required in linkage analysis of sibpairs are confirmed by analysis of simulated data. Unlike the affected‐sibpair method, the power of discrete trait variance component analysis increases with trait prevalence. The relative efficiency of a discrete trait for linkage analysis increases with population trait prevalence, but does not exceed about 40% and is typically much less.
Performance analysis of intermittently connected sensor networks

We propose intermittently connected sensor networks as a new framework to reduce packet collisions. In the networks, sensors sleep most of time and become active randomly and independently. To reduce frequent packet collisions, we control the length of active period during which the sensor is active. As the length of active period becomes short, the packet collisions can be reduced, though the delay to a sink node increases. In this paper, to clarify the trade-off relationship between the packet collision and the mean delay, we provide a Markov analysis method for the intermittently connected sensor networks.
Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of small renal tumors using CT-guidance: a review and its current role.

PURPOSE To provide key evidence-based strategies to improve outcomes of radiofrequency ablation and limit recurrences of small renal tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature was searched via OvidSP MEDLINE from 1997 to current using MeSH terms. All levels of evidence and types of reports were reviewed. RESULTS We comprehensively reviewed technical issues, mechanisms, imaging criteria, ablative success, enhancement within one month, contraindications, oncological efficacy, morbidity rates, and follow-up strategies. CONCLUSION The technique is safe and effective. Tumors < 2.5 cm are statistically most likely to remain disease-free. Anterior tumors are contraindicated. Strict follow-up is needed to detect failures, most of which occur within 3 months and can be easily salvaged with repeat radiofrequency ablation. Homogeneous enhancement within 1 month is not necessarily a failure, and tends to disappear after 4 to 6 weeks. Multi-disciplinary meetings must occur to discuss each case prior to treatment.
Enhancing the Bioavailability of Cyclosporine A Using Solid Dispersion Containing Polyoxyethylene (40) Stearate

ABSTRACT Solid dispersion containing polyoxyethylene (40) stearate and cyclosporine A was prepared by solvent-melt method and characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, and Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTIR). Dissolution of the drug from solid dispersion was dramatically enhanced compared to that from the drug powder alone and physical mixture. In vivo oral bioavailability of cyclosporine A from the solid dispersion in Wistar rats was comparable to that from a commercial product, Sandimmun Neoral® (P > 0.05). The formulation is stable up to six months under 30°C/RH60% and one year at 25°C/RH 60% when packed in aluminum-polyethylene laminated bags.
Molecular basis of thyroid cancer.

THYROID follicular cell tumors present a unique model for the study of genetic and environmental factors predisposing to benign nodule formation, well differentiated malignant tumors, and anaplastic cancer. Although these histological changes are not necessarily sequential, there is evidence that gradation of proliferative and differentiative potential exists among cells in each thyroid follicle. Conditions conducive to rapid growth ensure that the progeny of cells with high growth potential establish local dominance, a prelude to nodule formation (2). There is also evidence that well differentiated carcinoma may progress to an anaplastic form (3). It is only speculation that benign nodules may develop into well differentiated carcinoma. Cancer is a complex, multistep process (4). Based on the measurements of age-dependent tumor incidence, it was inferred mathematically that a succession of five or six independent steps are involved, each of which is rate limiting (5). This predicted sequence of events ha.
Increased incidence of cardiovascular disease: are low-carbohydrate–high-protein diets truly to blame?

Commentary on: Lagiou P, Sandin S, Lof M, et al. Low carbohydrate-high protein diet and incidence of cardiovascular diseases in Swedish women: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2012; 344: :e4026. [OpenUrl][1] Low-carbohydrate—high-protein diets have become popular in developed countries as an aid to weight loss. However, uncertainties about their effectiveness in weight loss and concerns about long-term adverse impacts on cardiovascular health remain. Several systematic reviews1 ,2 have concluded that, with the increasing prevalence of obesity, there is a need for long-term evidence/studies of low-carbohydrate diets. The authors investigate the long-term consequences of low-carbohydrate diets (LCHD) on cardiovascular health in a female Swedish population. Women aged 30–49 recruited from the Swedish Women's Lifestyle and Health cohort were followed for a mean of 15.7 years. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess lifestyle, physical activity … [1]: {openurl}? query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.volume%253D344%26rft.spage%253D%253Ae4026%26rft.atitle%253DLOW%2BCARBOHYDRATE-HIGH%2BPROTEIN%2BDIET%2BAND%2BINCIDENCE%2BOF%2BCARDIOVASCULAR%2BDISEASES%2BIN%2BSWEDISH%2BWOMEN%253A%2BPROSPECTIVE%2BCOHORT%2BSTUDY. %26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
General initiation factors for RNA polymerase II.

A WORKING MODEL FOR ASSEMBLY O F THE ACTIVE PREINITIA TION COMPLEX . 163 THE INITIAL COMPLEX . 1 63 Structure and Properties ofTATA Box-Binding Protein. 1 65 Structure and Properties of the Native TATA Factor . 166 TFIIA . 169 THE COMPLETE PREINITIATION COMPLEX . 170 Factors Involved in Assembly of the Complete Preinitiation Complex . 170 Pathway(s) for Assembly of the Complete Preinitiation Complex . 176 Evidence for an RNA Polymerase II Holoenzyme. 179 ATP-DEPENDENT ACTIVATION OF THE COMPLETE PREINITIA TION COMPLEX . 1 80 THE RNA POLYMERASE II C-TERMINAL DOMAIN . 1 8 1 A Role for the C-Terminal Domain in Transcription Initiation . 1 8 1 Phu>phoryiation of the C-Terminal Domain . 1 83
Invasive aspergillosis in an immunocompetent host

Aspergillosis is a common opportunistic fungal infection affecting the nose and paranasal sinuses. The disease presents in various forms ranging from non-invasive to invasive, destructive and allergic types. We report here a rare case of invasive aspergillosis in an immunocompetent host with the literature review.
The Effect of Inferences on the Perceptual Categorization of Berlin German Fricatives

In Berlin German, the identification of /c/ as in Fichte ‘spruce’ versus the alveopalatal fricative /ʃ/ in fischte (3. sg. past tense) ‘to fish’ is influenced by what neighborhood in Berlin hearers believe a speaker comes from (KB: Kreuzberg: multi-ethnic, multi-cultural or ZD: Zehlendorf: mono-ethnic, upscale, affluent area) and the inferences made as to how the speaker is likely to realize these two variants. Our results indicate that listeners adjust their interpretation of synthesized acoustic continua in accordance with their expectation, strongly suggesting that both perceptual cues and inferred social factors play a role in the categorization of speech stimuli. Thus, the results show that the mere suggestion of where the speaker may come from even within the confines of a city is enough to trigger such inferences.
Intégrer des connaissances linguistiques dans un CRF : application à l'apprentissage d'un segmenteur-étiqueteu r du français

Dans cet article, nous synthetisons les resultats de plusieurs series d'experiences realisees a l'aide de CRF (Conditional Random Fields ou "champs markoviens conditionnels") lineaires pour apprendre a annoter des textes francais a partir d'exemples, en exploitant diverses ressources linguistiques externes. Ces experiences ont porte sur l'etiquetage morphosyntaxique integrant l'identification des unites polylexicales. Nous montrons que le modele des CRF est capable d'integrer des ressources lexicales riches en unites multi-mots de differentes manieres et permet d'atteindre ainsi le meilleur taux de correction d'etiquetage actuel pour le francais.
Detection of O antigens in Escherichia coli

Abstract Lipopolysaccharide on the surface of Escherichia coli constitutes the O antigens which are important virulence factors that are targets of both the innate and adaptive immune systems and play a major role in host–pathogen interactions. O antigens are responsible for antigenic specificity of the strain and determine the O serogroup. The designation of O serogroups is important for classifying E. coli strains, for epidemiological studies, in tracing the source of outbreaks of gastrointestinal or other illness, and for linking the source to the infection. For conventional serogroup identification, serotyping by agglutination reactions against antisera developed for each of the O serogroups has been used. In the last decade, many O-antigen gene clusters that encode for the enzymes responsible for the synthesis of the variable oligosaccharide region on the surface of the bacteria have been sequenced and characterized. Unique gene sequences within the O-antigen gene clusters have been targeted for identification and detection of many O groups using the polymerase chain reaction and microarrays. This review summarizes current knowledge on the DNA sequences of the O-antigen gene clusters, genetic-based methods for O-group determination and detection of pathogenic E. coli based on O-antigen and virulence gene detection, and provides perspectives on future developments in the field.
Accelerating RSA Encryption Using Random Precalculations

RSA encryption and digital signature algorithm is considered secure if keys are 1024 i 4096 bits long. Since it requires modular exponentiation on numbers of this length, embedded systems need either a cryptographic co-processor or a fast CPU to calculate ciphertexts and signatures. In many applications, the sender is resourcescare, so optimization is necessary. In our paper we show a method for precalculations that accelerates the real-time performance of the sender in the expense of additional calculations at the receiver. When completed, the receiver gets an RSA-equivalent ciphertext for the encryption algorithm.
compulsory admission: Report from the ÆSOP study Pathways to care and ethnicity. 1: Sample characteristics and

Background ManystudieshavefoundhighlevelsofcompulsoryadmissiontopsychiatrichospitalintheUKamongAfrican^CaribbeanandBlackAfricanpatientswithapsychoticillness.Aims ToestablishwhetherAfrican^CaribbeanandBlackAfricanethnicityisassociatedwithcompulsoryadmissioninanepidemiologicalsampleofpatientswithafirstepisodeofpsychosisdrawnfromtwoUKcentres.MMetethodhod Allpatientswithafirstepisodeofpsychosiswhomadecontactwithpsychiatric servicesovera 2-yearperiodpsychiatricservicesovera 2-yearperiodandwerelivingindefinedareaswereincludedinthe (S OP) study.For thisanalysisweincludedall White British,analysisweincludedallWhiteBritish,otherWhite,African^CaribbeanandBlackAfricanpatientsfromtheS OPsamplingframe.Clinical,socio-demographicandpathwaystocaredatawerecollectedfrompatients,relativesandcacasseennootteses.RReesusulltsts African^CaribbeanpatientsweresignificantlymorelikelytobecompulsorilyadmittedthanWhiteBritishpatients,aswereBlackAfricanpatients.African^Caribbeanmenwerethemostlikelytobecompulsorilyadmitted.Conclusions Thesefindingssuggestthatfactorsareoperatingatorprior tofirstpresentationtoincreasetheriskofcompulsoryadmissionamongAfrican^CaribbeanandBlackAfricanpatients.Declarationof interest NNoneone.