Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of whole body vibration therapy on bone mineral density and leg muscle strength in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was undertaken to determine whether whole body vibration improves bone mineral density and leg muscle strength in older adults. Data sources: Sources included MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, Science Citation Index and the reference list of each eligible article. Review methods: Article search and selection was performed independently by two researchers. The methodological quality of each selected article was rated by the PEDro scale. Results: Thirteen randomized trials (18 articles) totalling 896 subjects fulfilled the selection criteria. Four were considered to have good or excellent methodological quality and the rest were rated as fair. Meta-analyses revealed that whole body vibration has no significant effect on hip or lumbar spine bone mineral density in older women when compared with no intervention or active exercise (P > 0.05). Whole body vibration, however, had a significant treatment effect on knee extension dynamic strength (standardized mean difference = 0.63, P = 0.006), leg extension isometric strength (standardized mean difference = 0.57, P = 0.003), and functional measures of leg muscle strength such as jumping height (standardized mean difference = 0.51, P = 0.010) and performance in sit-to-stand (standardized mean difference = 0.72, P < 0.001) among older adults compared with no intervention. Conclusion: Whole body vibration is beneficial for enhancing leg muscle strength among older adults. However, the review suggests that whole body vibration has no overall treatment effect on bone mineral density in older women. No randomized trial has examined the effects of whole body vibration on bone mineral density in older men.
Old canalicular laceration repair: a retrospective study of the curative effects and prognostic factors.

AIM To investigate the epidemiology and surgical outcomes of old canalicular laceration and analyze the variables impacting on the prognosis of reparation. METHODS A retrospective review of all old canalicular laceration repairs from Jan. 1, 2008 to Dec. 30, 2015 was performed. Analyzed data included demographics, mechanisms of injury, the time from injury to repair, causes for delayed repair, old associated injuries, the types of surgery, and the effects of repair using canaliculus anastomosis combined with bicanalicular stent intubation. RESULTS Totally 148 patients with old canalicular laceration received surgical repair and were enrolled. The mean age at presentation was 32.52 years old (ranged from 3 to 63 years old). The 110 patients (74.32%) were male and 127 patients (85.81%) were adults (≥18 years old). The old upper, lower, and bicanalicular lacerations were found in 5 (3.38%), 39 (26.35%), and 104 patients (70.27%), respectively. The mechanism of old injury was primarily due to motor vehicle accidents (n=53, 35.81%). The mean time from injury to repair was 43.61mo (ranged from 1 to 360mo). Associated old ocular and orbit injuries were found in 65 patients (43.92%), and chronic dacryocystitis in 18 patients (12.16%). The main cause of delayed repair was that doctors or patients didn't pay attention to the canalicular laceration because of the concurrent severe injuries (n=71, 47.97%). Totally 136 patients (91.89%) with old canalicular laceration underwent canaliculus anastomosis combined with bicanalicular stent intubation. In all of them, 20 patients (13.51%) were combined with dacryocystorhinostomy. In these cases, 132 patients (97.06%) attained anatomic success, 121 patients (88.97%) reported no epiphora (functional success), 11 patients (8.09%) reported significant epiphora anesis (functional improvement), and 4 (2.94%) reported no significant anesis (functional failure). Rates of anatomic success and functional success were significantly correlated with different canaliculus involved. However, rates of anatomic success and functional success were not significantly affected by the time from injury to repair. CONCLUSION The canalicular anastomosis combined with bicanalicular stent intubation could act as an effective therapeutics for old canalicular laceration.
A Practical Technique for Accurately Modeling reconfigurable Lumped Components in Commercial Full-Wave Solvers [EurAAP Corner]

A practical approach for accurately modeling reconfigurable lumped components, such as semiconductor diodes or micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), in commercial full-wave solvers is presented. First, an equivalent-circuit model is extracted from a calibrated measurement of the isolated component. This model is then carefully corrected for its insertion into commercial software packages in order to achieve excellent agreement between simulated and measured results. Among other things, it is shown that failing to do such a correction can lead to much higher errors than typical lumped-element manufacturer tolerances. The procedure is illustrated by the precise modeling of a p-i-n diode embedded in a reconfigurable antenna. The approach is obviously also applicable to fixed lumped components used in biasing circuits, for instance.
Classification of motor imagery EEG signals based on wavelet transform and sample entropy

Modeling and learning of brain activity patterns represent a huge challenge to the brain-computer interface(BCI) based on electroencephalography(EEG). Many existing methods based on EEG signal frequency domain feature extraction can not achieve high classification accuracy rate requirements[1]. This paper presents a method of feature extraction of EEG based on wavelet transform and sample entropy. The dynamic changes of the sample entropy of the left and right hand motion imaginary EEG signal and its neurophysiological significance were analyzed. Finally, Fisher's linear discriminant was used to classify left-right hand motion imaginary EEG. Experiments shows that the average correct rate of classification was 88.9%.
The course of maternal depressive symptoms and maternal sensitivity as predictors of attachment security at 36 months

We examined the course of maternal depressive symptoms and children's attachment security at 36 months in a large sample of mother–child pairs from 10 sites across the country participating in the NICHD Study of Early Child Care (N = 1077). Maternal depressive symptoms predicted higher rates of insecure attachment. Women who reported intermittent symptoms across the first 36 months had preschoolers who were more likely to be classified as insecure C or D; women with chronic symptoms were more likely to have preschoolers who were classified as insecure D. Symptoms reported only during the first 15 months were not associated with elevated rates of later insecurity. After controlling for potentially confounding demographic variables, maternal sensitivity (observed at 6, 15, 24, and 36 months) did not meaningfully account for links between attachment security and patterns of depressive symptoms. However, the course and timing of maternal depressive symptoms interacted with maternal sensitivity to predict insecurity. Women with late, intermittent, or chronic symptoms who were also low in sensitivity were more likely to have preschoolers who were insecure, in contrast to symptomatic women who were high in sensitivity. These data have implications for understanding the combined impact of maternal depressive symptoms and maternal sensitivity on children's socioemotional development.These data were collected under the auspices of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care. Susan B. Campbell, Celia A. Brownell, and Susan J. Spieker are investigators in this multisite study. We acknowledge the generous support of the NICHD (Grants HD25420 and HD25447). The study is directed by a Steering Committee and supported by NICHD through a cooperative agreement (U10) that calls for a scientific collaboration between the grantees and the NICHD staff. The authors thank their coinvestigators who worked with them on the design of the larger study, the site coordinators and research assistants who collected the data, and the children and families who continue to participate in this longitudinal study. Our appreciation is also expressed to Dr. Carey Ryan for statistical advice. We also thank the coders who scored the maternal sensitivity and preschool attachment videotapes.
Interpreting the fossil evidence for the evolutionary origins of music

The adaptive history of two components of music, rhythmic entrained movement and complex learned vocalization, is examined. The development of habitual bipedal locomotion around 1.6 million years ago made running possible and coincided with distinct changes in the vestibular canal dimensions. The vestibular system of the inner ear clearly plays a role in determining rhythm and therefore bipedalism did not only make refined dancing movements possible, but also changed rhythmic capabilities. In current scenarios for the evolution of musicality, the descent of the larynx is regarded as pivotal to enable complex vocalization. However, the larynx descends in chimpanzees as well, for reasons unrelated to vocalization or bipedalism. A new perspective discussed in this paper is that vocal learning capabilities could have evolved from a simple laryngeal vocalization, or a grunt. The burgeoning literature on the neuroscience of musical functions is of limited use to investigate the origins of rhythmical and vocalization capabilities, but the out-of-proportion evolution of the cerebellum and pre-frontal cortex may be relevant. It suggested that protomusic was a behavioural feature of Homo ergaster 1.6 million years ago. Protomusic consisted of entrained rhythmical whole-body movements, initially combined with grunts. Homo heidelbergensis, 350 000 years ago, had a brain approaching modern size, had an enlarged thoracic canal which indicates that they had modern-style breathing control essential for singing, and had modern auditory capability, as is evident from the modern configuration of the middle ear. The members of this group may have been capable of producing complex learned vocalizations and thus modern music in which voluntary synchronized movements are combined with consciously manipulated melodies.
HSV-1 degrades, stabilizes, requires, or is stung by STING depending on ICP0, the US3 protein kinase, and cell derivation

Significance STING (stimulator of IFN genes) and IFI16 are sensors of DNA in cytoplasm and the nucleus, respectively. Both signal activation of innate immune responses. Both proteins are stable in wild-type virus-infected cells. The key finding with broad implications is that in HSV-1–infected cells STING and IFI16 are actively stabilized inasmuch as they are degraded in cells lacking functional ICP0 or protein kinase US3. Moreover, STING was required for optimal replication in HEp-2 or HeLa cells derived from cancers but was inimical in HEL or HEK293 cells derived initially from normal tissues and in the case of HEK293 cells transformed with viral oncogenes. The requirements for stabilization of STING and IFI16 were not covariant. STING (stimulator of IFN genes) activates the IFN pathway in response to cytosolic DNA. Knockout of STING in mice was reported to exacerbate the pathogenicity of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). Here we report the following: (i) STING is stable in cancer-derived HEp-2 or HeLa cells infected with wild-type HSV-1 but is degraded in cells infected with mutants lacking the genes encoding functional infected cell protein 0 (ICP0), ICP4, or the US3 protein kinase (US3-PK). In HEp-2 cells, depletion of STING by shRNA results in a decrease in the yields of wild-type or ΔICP0 viruses. (ii) STING is stable throughout infection with either wild-type or ICP0 mutant viruses in human embryonic lung cells (HEL) or HEK293T cells derived from normal tissues. In these cells, depletion of STING results in higher yields of both wild-type and ΔICP0 viruses. (iii) The US3-PK is also required for stabilization of IFI16, a nuclear DNA sensor. However, the stability of IFI16 does not correlate positively or negatively with that of STING. IFI16 is stable in STING-depleted HEL cells infected with wild-type virus. In contrast to HEL cells, IFI16 was undetectable in STING-depleted HEp-2 cells, and hence the role of HSV-1 in maintaining IFI16 could not be ascertained. The results indicate that in HSV-1–infected cells the stability of IFI16 and the function and stability of STING are dependent on cell derivation, the functional integrity of ICP0, and US3-PK, an indication that in wild-type virus-infected cells both proteins are actively stabilized. In HEp-2 cells, the stability of IFI16 requires STING.
The Onset of Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Activity with Aging in Potato Slices.

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Symposium 1 : Exercise signalling pathways controlling fuel oxidation during and after exercise Regulation of glucose transport by the AMP-activated protein kinase

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an energy-sensing enzyme that is activated during exercise and muscle contraction as a result of acute decreases in ATP:AMP and phosphocreatine:creatine. Physical exercise increases muscle glucose uptake, enhances insulin sensitivity and leads to fatty acid oxidation in muscle. An important issue in muscle biology is to understand whether AMPK plays a role in mediating these metabolic processes. AMPK has also been implicated in regulating gene transcription and, therefore, may function in some of the cellular adaptations to training exercise. Recent studies have shown that the magnitude of AMPK activation and associated metabolic responses are affected by factors such as glycogen content, exercise training and ﬁbre type. There have also been conﬂicting reports as to whether AMPK activity is necessary for contraction-stimulated glucose transport. Thus, during the next several years considerably more research will be necessary in order to fully understand the role of AMPK in regulating glucose transport in skeletal muscle.
3D memory with shared lithography steps: The memory industry's plan to “cram more components onto integrated circuits”

In his 1965 paper titled “cramming more components onto integrated circuits” [1], Gordon Moore predicted the number of components on a chip would increase exponentially with time due to continual reduction of feature sizes. That paradigm has continued successfully for the past 50 years, but cracks are starting to appear. Lithography is becoming prohibitively expensive and component quality is expected to degrade significantly beyond the 7nm node. To lower cost per bit further without relying on feature size scaling, monolithic 3D flash memories are being introduced where lithography steps are shared among multiple memory layers. In this paper, I review the flash memory industry's direction and describe 3D concepts that can scale other parts of the memory hierarchy.
Immunohistochemical Localization of Phosphodiesterase 10A in Multiple Mammalian Species

A monoclonal antibody directed against the amino terminal of rat phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) was used to localize PDE10A in multiple central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral tissues from mouse, rat, dog, cynomolgus macaque, and human. PDE10A immunoreactivity is strongly expressed in the CNS of these species with limited expression in peripheral tissues. Within the brain, strong immunoreactivity is present in both neuronal cell bodies and neuropil of the striatum, in striatonigral and striatopallidal white matter tracks, and in the substantia nigra and globus pallidus. Outside the brain, PDE10A immunoreactivity is less intense, and distribution is limited to few tissues such as the testis, epididymal sperm, and enteric ganglia. These data demonstrate that PDE10A is an evolutionarily conserved phosphodiesterase highly expressed in the brain but with restricted distribution in the periphery in multiple mammalian species. (J Histochem Cytochem 54:1205-1213, 2006)
BODY HEIGHT, BODY MASS INDEX, AND FATAL HIP FRACTURES: 16 YEARS' FOLLOW‐UP OF 674,000 NORWEGIAN WOMEN AND MEN

We studied the relations between body height, body mass index (BMI), and fatal hip fractures prospectively in a large, representative population. During the years 1963–1975, a nationwide compulsory mass x-ray examination including standardized height and weight measurements took place in Norway covering all persons age 15 years and older. In the study presented here, we selected women (N = 357,807) and men (N = 316,041) age 50–89 years at screening. We matched the file to the national death register containing causes of death throughout 1991; we defined cases as persons with hip fracture mentioned on their death certificates. During an average follow-up of 16.4 years, we identified a total of 6,087 fatal hip fractures in the study population. There was a distinct inverse relation between BMI and fatal hip fracture, with an age-adjusted relative risk (RR) in the three highest vs the low quartile of 0.68 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.63–0.72] in women and 0.57 (95% CI = 0.52–0.62) in men. The risk of fatal hip fractures increased slightly with increasing body height [RR = 1.10 (95% CI = 1.04–1.16) in women and RR = 1.08 (95% CI = 1.01–1.16) in men per 10-cm increase in body height]. This study indicates that low BMI is an important risk factor for fatal hip fractures and that body height has a weak, positive association.
Human interaction with a service robot: mobile-manipulator handing over an object to a human

The interaction of a human and a service robot through the hand-over task is studied in this paper. Control issues are addressed for a service mobile-manipulator delivering and handing over objects to a human. The Contention Architecture controller is designed and implemented allowing for such task to be accomplished in a safe manner, as it requires coexistence and close interaction of the robot and the human. Experimental results of a realistic computer simulation are presented where a 75 kilogram human receives an object from a mobile manipulator with three degrees of freedom. The robot is capable of handing over the object to human, and compensating for unexpected movements of the human through its arm motion and base movement.
Glycemic Response and Attainment of A1C Goals Following Newly Initiated Insulin Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE To identify the characteristics associated with glycemic response to newly initiated insulin therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We identified 1,139 type 2 diabetic patients who initiated insulin therapy between 1 January 2009 and 30 June 2010. Outcomes of interest were the proportion of patients achieving A1C <7% and mean change in A1C within 3–9 months. RESULTS Mean A1C at insulin initiation was 8.2 vs. 9.2% among those who did and did not attain A1C <7% (P < 0.001). Within a mean of 5 months, 464 (40.7%) patients attained A1C <7%. In multivariable analyses controlling for insulin regimen, dose, and oral agent use, preinsulin A1C was responsible for nearly all the explained variance in A1C change. Each one percentage point of preinsulin A1C reduced the probability of attaining <7% by 26% (odds ratio 0.74 [95% CI 0.68–0.80]). CONCLUSIONS Insulin initiation at lower levels of A1C improves goal attainment and independently increases glycemic response.
A Noninvasive Technique for Monitoring Peroxidative and H2O2-Scavenging Activities during Interactions between Bacterial Plant Pathogens and Suspension Cells

Stimulation of active oxygen metabolism occurs during the early stages of interactions involving bacteria and plant cell suspensions. Although many cellular processes are known to affect active oxygen metabolism in plants, it is not known which of these factors affect active oxygen levels during plant-bacteria interactions. Extracellular peroxidases have been shown to participate in both the production and utilization of active oxygen species such as H2O2 and superoxide. Catalase and other scavenging mechanisms also affect the overall level of active oxygen. In this study the luminol-dependent chemiluminescent reaction previously used to measure H2O2 levels in suspension cells was modified to allow the assay of both peroxidase and H2O2-scavenging activity. The early stages of the interactions between tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae, as well as between soybean (Glycine max) and P. syringae pv glycinea, were investigated. This method of monitoring peroxidase and H2O2-scavenging activity proved to be rapid, sensitive, and nonintrusive, allowing the processing of multiple samples using intact cells or cell-free preparations. The results from the study demonstrate that the scavenging activities can be significant and must be considered when studying active oxygen production in biological interactions.
Experimental Database Medical System - Data Acquisition Background and Features

This article describes features and background of the upcoming scientific medical system. The ambitious goal of the system is to provide relevant medical data for various medical methods and experimental implementations testing. The article presents needs for such system and administrative background which it requires. The main standards which are used in medical applications are also mentioned, like the DICOM, DASTA or HL7 format with the relations to our experimental medical system.
External Imaging of Atherosclerosis in Rabbits Using an 123I‐Labeled Synthetic Peptide Fragment

The oligopeptide fragment of apolipoprotein B, SP‐4, has demonstrated pronounced uptake in the healing edges of balloon‐injured rabbit aortic endothelium. To assess 123I‐labeled SP‐4 for identification of atherosclerotic plaques by gamma camera imaging, 14 Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) and 5 normal rabbits were imaged 5 minutes and 12 and 24 hours after intravenous injection of123I‐SP‐4. In addition, two WHHL and two normal rabbits were injected with 125I‐SP‐4 for autoradiography. Twelve of the 14 WHHL, but none of the normal, rabbits had visually apparent focal radioiodine accumulation in the region of the aorta. Focus‐to‐lung and focus‐to‐heart count ratios were 2.4 ± 1.3 and 1.0 ± 0.4, respectively. Five of the visually positive WHHL rabbits were reimaged 4 and 8 weeks later with 123I‐NaI and 123I‐SP‐2 (an apo E peptide), respectively, as negative controls. Perceptible, but faint, aortic localization of 123I‐NaI and of 123I‐SP‐2 was seen in only one animal each. The distributions of atherosclerotic lesions on photographs of the opened WHHL aortas and of film blackening on 125I‐SP‐4 autoradiograms were identical. In contrast, the two normal rabbit aortas did not exhibit plaques on photographs or film blackening on autoradiograms. Thus, in an animal model closely simulating human atherosclerotic disease, SP‐4 localizes specifically in aortic atherosclerotic lesions.