Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 48 Gb/s PAM-4 Transmitter With 3-Tap FFE Based on Double-Shielded Coplanar Waveguide in 65-nm CMOS

A power and area-efficient pulse-amplitude modulation 4 (PAM-4) transmitter using 3-tap feed-forward equalizer (FFE) based on a slow-wave transmission line is presented. Passive delay line is adopted for generating equalizer tap to overcome the high clocking power consumption. The transmission line achieves high slow-wave factor of 15 with double floating metal shields around the differential coplanar waveguide. The physical dimensions of the transmission line are determined to have low loss and a high slow-wave factor with a small chip area by optimization with 3-D electromagnetic simulations. The transmitter includes 4:1 multiplexers (MUXs) and a quadrature clock generator for high-speed data generation in a quarter-rate system. The 4:1 MUX utilizes 2-UI pulse generator and the input configuration is determined by qualitative analysis. The chip is fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology and occupies area of 0.151 mm2. The proposed transmitter system exhibits the energy efficiency of 3.03 pJ/b at the data rate of 48 Gb/s with PAM-4 signaling.
New Three-Phase Current Reconstruction for PMSM Drive With Hybrid Space Vector Pulsewidth Modulation Technique

Current sensing techniques with reduced number of sensors attract a high interest from industry, for the possibility of cost reduction and sampling mismatch reduction. This article puts forward a new single current sensor (SCS) method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor three-phase current reconstruction, with a novel hybrid pulsewidth modulation (PWM) technique introduced. This method is implemented by changing the position of SCS from dc bus to a current branch, and a modified space vector PWM technique is employed to realize the phase current reconstruction. Compared with traditional SCS control methods, the proposed method can relieve the measurement dead-zones at sector boundary region without introducing extra compensation algorithms. Besides, this method can be realized not only with a single hall-effect current sensor but also a single shunt resistor, which further expands the applications and increases the system reliability as well. This method is also available in other motor control with a two-level three-phase PWM voltage source inverter topology. The accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method is validated by the simulation and experimental results.
Long Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels in Loin Muscle from Transgenic (fat-1 gene) Pigs and Effects on Lipid Oxidation During Storage

Studies suggest a diet rich in long chain omega-3 fatty acids (LCn3) can promote visual, neural and vascular health. Pork muscle typically has small amounts of LCn3. A transgenic technology involving the fat-1 gene has been developed to increase LCn3 in various pig tissues; however, pork loin muscle has not been examined to date. We have determined that the LCn3 content in loin muscle (Longissimus) from fat-1 pigs was 1.59–2.24 g/100 g lipid compared to 0.34–0.38 g/100 g lipid in control samples. Lipid oxidation products were measured in ground and salted loin muscle from control and fat-1 pigs during storage at −4°C. There was no clear trend as to whether the fat-1 gene technology increased or decreased oxidative stability of the muscle during storage based on lipid peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values. There were a greater number of volatiles detected in stored loin from fat-1 pigs compared to control. Volatiles common to control and fat-1 pigs were elevated in stored loin from fat-1 pigs. This is the first report indicating that the use of fat-1 transgenic technology significantly increases the amount of desirable LCn3 in pork loin muscle.
Economic Growth, Export, Debt, and FDI: The Agriculture Case of Indonesia

— This study discusses the effect of export in agriculture, FDI in agriculture, and debt in agriculture to economic growth in agriculture in Indonesia. Analysis of data using Vector Error CorrectionModel with the help of an application program using the E-views 8.0. Based on the statistical data testing through the regression coefficient test, the conclusion of the analysis showed that increase of 1 percent in exports in the agriculture sector caused an increase in the level of GDP in the agricultural sector by 0.024 percent. FDI in the agricultural sector and debt in the agricultural sector have a negative impact in the long run during the observation period.
The INTERSPEECH 2020 Computational Paralinguistics Challenge: Elderly Emotion, Breathing & Masks

The INTERSPEECH 2020 Computational Paralinguistics Challenge addresses three different problems for the ﬁrst time in a research competition under well-deﬁned conditions: In the Elderly Emotion Sub-Challenge, arousal and valence in the speech of elderly individuals have to be modelled as a 3-class problem; in the Breathing Sub-Challenge, breathing has to be assessed as a regression problem; and in the Mask Sub-Challenge, speech without and with a surgical mask has to be told apart. We describe the Sub-Challenges, baseline feature extraction, and classiﬁers based on the ‘usual’ C OM P AR E and BoAW features as well as deep unsupervised representation learning using the AU D EEP toolkit, and deep feature extraction from pre-trained CNNs using the D EEP S PECTRUM toolkit; in addition, we partially add deep end-to-end sequential modelling, and, for the ﬁrst time in the challenge, linguistic analysis.
DEEPLING: A VISUAL INTERPRETABILITY SYSTEM FOR CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS

We demonstrate an interactive visualization system to promote interpretability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Interpretation of deep learning models acts on the interface between increasingly complex model architectures and model architects, to provide an understanding of how a model operates, where it fails, or why it succeeds. Based on preliminary expert interviews and a careful literature review we design the system to comprehensively support architects on 4 visual dimensions.
OPTIMALITY CONDITIONS AND CONSTRAINT QUALIFICATIONS FOR GENERALIZED NASH EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS

In this work we study constraint qualification (CQ) and optimality conditions for the generalized Nash equilibrium problems (GNEP) analogous relations as the case of optimization are discussed. GNEPs are a generalization of the classic Nash equilibrium problem (NEP) where each player’s strategy sets depend on the choices of other players. Using these conditions of qualification and optimality we define and prove global convergence of an augmented Lagrangian-type algorithm that calculates a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) point of a GNEP.
Bayesian Variable Selection for Poisson Regression with Spatially Varying Coefficients

Poisson regression model is commonly used to model count data. In many scenarios, the data are collected from various locations so spatially varying coefficient Poisson regression model is developed to adjust for spatial dependence. We propose a Bayesian variable selection method for Poisson regression model with spatially varying coefficients. Considering computation efficiency we assign a conjugate multivariate log-gamma (MLG) prior to the regression coefficients and further incorporate the spatial information into the covariance matrix. We apply the horseshoe prior to facilitate a robust variable selection method with computational efficiency and build a MCMC algorithm for the posterior inference. Key–Words: Spatial Poisson Model, Bayesian Variable Selection, MLG Prior, Horseshoe Prior, MCMC
The effects of cross, slaughter weight and halothane genotype on leanness and meat and fat quality in pig carcasses

Carcass and meat quality traits were studied in 94 barrows of known HAL-1843 genotype (homozygote - - and heterozygote - +) from three crosses slaughtered at 90 kg and 120 kg live weight. Crosses A and B were produced from sires of which 0·5 of the genes were from a heavy-muscled × Large White line and 0·5 from pure Pietrain (A) or Duroc (B). Sows for both A and B were from a hyperprolific Large White × Landrace line and this latter line produced the pigs for cross C (control). The carcasses from cross A which were sired from boars having 0·75 of their genotype from heavy-muscled genetic lines had higher killing-out proportion, better conformation scores, greater loin depth and loin area, less carcass length and bone content, and greater lean proportion compared with cross C. The carcasses from cross B, with roughly 0·25 of Duroc genes had a significantly higher backfat thickness than either cross A or C. However their composition was not significantly different from C, since the higher backfat was counter-balanced by their better conformation. Carcass and lean weight distribution was more favourable in crosses A and B, which had significantly higher economic yields than cross C. The halothane genotype did not have a significant effect on fatness and carcass composition, although the heterozygote showed a significantly greater muscle depth. In addition, no significant effect of the halothane gene on carcass and lean weight distribution was observed. In relation to the light group of carcasses (72·8 (s.e. 4·4) kg), the heavy group (100·1 (s.e. 2·7) kg) had greater killing-out proportion, better conformation, longer carcasses, higher fatness and greater loin depth and area. These genetic lines showed a 9·6 g/kg increase in fat and a 6·1 g/kg decrease in lean for every 10 kg of increasing slaughter weight. With the slaughter weight increase the longissimus dorsi muscle became less pale due to a higher muscle pigment concentration, and the backfat had a higher proportion of oleic and lower proportion of linoleic and palmitic fatty acids. The halothane genotype had a significant effect on meat quality. The heterozygote produced much paler, softer and more exudative meat. However, the effect of cross and carcass weight was not significant for meat quality measurements determining pale, soft and exudative meat.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of microorganisms isolated from the trachea of thoroughbred horses housed in the nacional race track of santa rita, zulia state, venezuela

With the purpose of knowing the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in the active equine population, thirty eight samples of traqueo-bronchial trans-endoscopic washings were extracted of horses housed in the Santa Rita National Race Track located in Santa Rita Municipality of the Zulia State, Venezuela; of both sexes, adults, without injuries and clinical evidence of any pulmonary disease, selected at random; these obtained secretions were sent to the bacteriological laboratory for their culture and antibiotic test, where 25 different antibiotics were proven, for tests of antimicrobial susceptibility. In all the units samples at least one aerobic bacterium was isolated. There were mixed isolations of two or three bacteria, commonest were the double isolations (68; 42%); of the isolated bacterial species most frequently were the Pseudomona aeruginosa 28 times (73; 68%), Escherichia coli 13 times (32; 21%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 10 times (26; 32%). Tables of frequencies for the proportion of susceptibility of the respiratory bacteria to the antimicrobiales agents were made with procedure FREQ for the calculation of frequencies of the SAS. Was determined that the P. aeruginosa and the E. coli were sensible to 11 and resistant to 14 antibiotics of 25 antibiotics proven in vitro; the K. pneumoniae was sensible to 19 antibiotics and single resistant to 6 of 25 antibiotics proven in vitro. The P. aeruginosa and the E. coli sensible to two of the three were aminoglicosids proven ones; however the K. pneumoniae was sensible to the three aminoglicosidos ones. Most of the stocks of these obtained aerobics bacteria in this race course, were resistant to the -lactamics, combinations of them or cefalosporinas (of first and second generation).
Interaction of enzymes with soil colloids: adsorption and ectomycorrhizal phosphatase activity on tropical soils.

Ectomycorrhizal fungi phosphatases may play a significant role in phosphorus nutrition by the solubilisation of soil organic phosphorus, and this may be of particular importance for highly weathered tropical soils. The expression of phosphatase catalytical activity is highly pH dependent and may be modified to various degrees when in contact with soil colloids. This modification is expected to depend on the nature of the organo5mineral surfaces. The adsorption and modification of acid phosphatase activity, of both intra and extracellular enzymes obtained from three ectomycorrhizal fungi strains in contact with three tropical soils, were studied. The effect of physical fractionation (clay5sized fraction and sieved soil) and chemical cleaning (treatment with H 2O2 or dithionite5citrate5bicarbonate to remove organi c matter or iron oxides) of the organo5mineral surfaces has been studied. Measurements of catalytic activity were made in the range of pH 3 – 7. The extent of adsorption and the resulting change in catalytic activity varied between fungal strains, and even for a given strain between extra and intracellular enzymes. The difference between soils was rather small, and neither physical nor chemical treatments had marked effects on the interaction with enzymes.
Identification of Monogenea made easier: a new statistical procedure for an automatic selection of diagnostic linear measurements in closely related species

We introduce a new statistical method to select which morphological characters are most useful to identify monogenean species. The method estimates the average size overlap of candidate diagnostic structures among a set of species to individuate those that mostly differ between the species. To demonstrate our approach, we report a comprehensive analysis conducted on two of the most species-rich monogenean genera: Dactylogyrus Diesing, 1850 and Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832. We demonstrate that, in contrast to common taxonomic practice, very few but highly diagnostic measurements are necessary to correctly identify a specimen. In particular, we found that most of Dactylogyrus and Gyrodactylus species can be classified on the basis of the width of the supplementary connecting bar and of the length of the hook sickle, respectively.
Pinnixa darwini, a New Species of Pinnotherid Crustacean from the Galapagos Islands

WHIL E REPORTING on the Crustacea Decapoda Brachyura of the Lund University Chile Expedition ( Garth, 1957), the writer had occasion to review the status of the genus Pinnixa White on the west coast of South America, and, particularly, to re-examine specimens previously referred by various authors to P. transversalis (Milne Edwards and Lucas, 1842: pI. 10, figs. 3, 3a-e; 1844 : 23) . This proved to be a quasigeneric designation, or at least a species complex under which two or more valid species had been masquerading. It is not surprising, therefore, that when specimens from Darwin Bay, Galapagos Islands, so reported by the writer ( Garth, 1946: 497 ) , together with certain other Galapagos material more recently acquired, came under the same close scrutiny, it was discovered that in addition to the aforementioned P. transversalis, which has as its type locality the shores of Chile, a new and perhaps endemic species was represented among them. It being deemed inappropriate to include a Galapagos Islands species in a repo rt on the fauna of Chile , its description was withheld at the time and is now presented in connection with the world-wide observance of the Darwin Centennial, the 100th anniversary of the publication in 1859 of "The Origin of Species. " Although Charles Darwin is not known to have collected decapod crustaceans in the Galapagos Islands, or elsewhere along the west coast of South America, during the celebrated voyage of the Beagle, his monograph on the Cirripedia (1851-1854) was a fundamental contribution to crustacean systematics. Had his genius for elucidating the obscure been directed toward the crabs instead of toward the barnacles, our pres ent knowledge of the Pinnotheridae, a family of brachyurans living as commensals with poly-
Regulation of transcription by Ultraviolet-B radiation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Plants are sessile photo-autotrophic organisms and need to adapt constantly to a dynamic environment. Light is of utmost importance for plants to be able to monitor their surroundings. Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B; 280-315 nm) is an intrinsic part of sunlight and, depending on the wavelength and the fluence rate, it may be a stressful signal or an “informational” one. The so called photomorphogenic responses of plants to UV-B are largely mediated by the UV-B specific photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8), which “senses” UV-B via a tryptophan based mechanism. UVR8 is localised in the cytoplasm and the nucleus mainly as a homodimer. Upon UV-B irradiation it splits to its monomers and accumulates in the nucleus where it has been found to interact with the E3 Ubiquitin ligase COP1. In the nucleus UVR8 has been shown to associate with chromatin on loci of UV-B responsive genes, including that encoding for the bZIP transcription factor (TF) ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a key effector of UVR8-dependent signalling pathways. The binding of UVR8 to chromatin appears to take place via interaction with histones (H2B in particular) rather than DNA itself. However, this association with chromatin seems not to be UV-B specific. The above data suggest a mechanistic basis for an assumed function of UVR8 in the regulation transcription. It seems likely that UVR8 interacts with other proteins associated with chromatin to promote remodelling and/or recruits/activates TFs which in turn stimulate transcription of its target genes. The main objective of this study was to address the above working hypothesis.
An Examination of Eisenia fetida Coelomic Fluid for Antimycobacterial Activity

An Examination of Eisenia fetida Coelomic Fluid for Antimycobacterial Activity Christopher William Meiers Master of Science In Biological Sciences Minnesota State University, Mankato November 2015 Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem with real world consequences to human health and no known solution. The genus Mycobacterium contains several bacteria that can cause serious illnesses including tuberculosis and Johne’s disease. Some of these pathogens also have resistance to several antibiotics. This project sought to find antimycobacterial activity related to the phagocytic coelomocytes or soluble substances in the coelomic fluid of the earthworm Eisenia fetida. The phagocytic activity was determined by observing the adherence of phagocytes to Mycobacterium smegmatis (strain mc2155) bacteria. The antimycobacterial ability of the coelomic fluid was assessed by comparison of viable plate counts after treatment with coelomic fluid extracts. The effect of disrupting the microbial flora of the earthworm on these antimycobacterial affects was also investigated. No antimycobacterial activity was observed in coelomic cells or extracts from earthworms with intact or disrupted microbial flora. However, a trend of increasing coelomic cell concentration after treatment of the worm with antibiotics was seen. There are some aspects of the experiment that could be refined to examine the coelomic fluid for antimycobacterial activity or antibacterial activity against other problem bacteria more precisely. However, the more fruitful area of research would appear to be examining the discrepancy in coelomic cell concentration between antibiotic treated and untreated earthworms. Table of
Adeno-associated Virus Vector as a Tool for the Analysis of in vivo Ovine Betaretroviral Gene Expression, and its use as a Vector for Therapeutic Gene Delivery

ADENO-ASSOCIATED VIRUS VECTOR AS A TOOL FOR THE ANALYSIS OF IN VIVO OVINE BETARETROVIRAL GENE EXPRESSION, AND ITS USE AS A VECTOR FOR THERAPEUTIC GENE DELIVERY Darrick L. Yu Advisor: University of Guelph, 2015 Dr. Sarah Wootton Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are non-enveloped, single-stranded DNA viruses that are becoming increasingly popular gene delivery vectors due to their non-pathogenic nature, excellent safety profile, ability to infect both dividing and non-dividing cells, and potentially long lasting expression. Described herein are a number of strategies designed to mitigate perceived roadblocks to the clinical success of these vectors. Promoter/enhancer elements isolated from Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV), a retrovirus causing lung cancer in sheep and goats, were assayed for their ability to mediate transgene expression from AAV vectors. In addition, we demonstrated the presence of an intragenic transcriptional enhancer element, found within the 3’ end of the env gene, possibly playing a role in viral gene expression and/or the induction of oncogenesis. JSRV-based promoter/enhancer elements demonstrated strong expression in a variety of tissues, particularly respiratory and hepatic, and promoter/enhancer/intron cassettes derived from these elements can be pared down to a sufficiently small size (<630 bp in length), suitable for genome constraints imposed by AAV vector systems. The immune system represents another possible stumbling block to robust and prolonged transgene expression. Attempts to improve transgene expression from AAV vectors by systemic macrophage depletion using clodronate liposomes proved unsuccessful, and unexpectedly reduced expression. We hypothesized that macrophage depletion eliminated a subset of the macrophage population that might participate in inducing tolerance to AAV or transgene antigens. Another possible barrier to gene delivery via AAV vectors is the existence of pre-existing immunity to circulating human AAV serotypes that is common within the human population. We identified animal derived AAV capsid sequences that could be used for gene delivery purposes. These two capsid sequences, AAV.Po. Guelph and AAV.Bov. Guelph, are effective for in vitro gene transfer to Vero and HTX cells. Analysis of the AAV.Po. Guelph capsid suggests that numerous recombination events between human and animal derived AAVs have led to the evolution of this gene. Lastly, AAV vectors encoding anti-angiogenic peptides derived from an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis, thrombospondin-1, greatly inhibited the growth of tumors and metastatic lesion development in an orthotopic, syngeneic mouse model of
Physiological and zootechnical effects of n-3 fatty acids in the diet of sows

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential for the development of the foetus. Hence, including n-3 PUFA in the sow diet can be beneficial for reproduction. Both the amount and form (precursor fatty acids vs. long chain PUFA) of supplementation are important in this respect. Furthermore, including n-3 PUFA in the diet can have negative effects, such as decreased arachidonic acid (ARA) concentration and increased oxidative stress. This study aimed to compare the efficacy to increase eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations in the piglet, when different concentrations of linseed oil (LO, source of precursor α-linolenic acid) or fish oil (FO, source of EPA and DHA) were included in the maternal diet. Sows were fed a palm oil diet or a diet including 0.5% or 2% LO or FO from day 45 of gestation until weaning. Linoleic acid (LA) was kept constant in the diets to prevent a decrease in ARA, and all diets were supplemented with αtocopherol acetate (150 mg/kg) and organic selenium (0.4 mg/kg) to prevent oxidative stress. Feeding 0.5% LO or 0.5% FO to the sows resulted in comparable EPA concentrations in the 5-day old piglet liver, but both diets resulted in lower EPA concentrations than when 2% LO was fed. The highest EPA concentration was obtained when 2% FO was fed. The DHA level in the piglet tissues could only be increased when FO, but not LO, was fed to the sows.