Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regression Methods for Combining Multiple Classifiers

As no single classification method outperforms other classification methods under all circumstances, decision-makers may solve a classification problem using several classification methods and examine their performance for classification purposes in the learning set. Based on this performance, better classification methods might be adopted and poor methods might be avoided. However, which single classification method is the best to predict the classification of new observations is still not clear, especially when some methods offer similar classification performance in the learning set. In this article we present various regression and classical methods, which combine several classification methods to predict the classification of new observations. The quality of the combined classifiers is examined on some real data. Nonparametric regression is the best method of combining classifiers.
Abdominal obesity and mortality risk among men in nineteenth-century North America.

The health consequences of an adverse body-fat distribution (e.g., android, upper-body, visceral) have only recently concerned the medical community. Ninety years ago, however, actuarial study demonstrated the relationship of body-fat distribution to the mortality experience of insured, North American men. Thirty-four insurance companies pooled their data on males issued life policies between 1870 and 1899. Special classes of risk were defined by weight for height at baseline or by the observation that abdominal girth exceeded the girth of the expanded chest (abdominal obesity). The mortality experience of each risk class was compared to an age-stratified, actuarial table of the period. We present new analyses of these historical data relating specifically to the mortality impact of abdominal obesity. Among 163,567 overweight men, the prevalence of abdominal obesity increased with age and with degree of overweight. Among moderately overweight men, those with abdominal obesity experienced 133% of the expected mortality rate compared to 112% of the expected mortality for those who were not abdominally obese. Severely overweight men with abdominal obesity experienced 152% of the expected mortality compared to 135% of the expected mortality for severely overweight men who were not abdominally obese. We believe this nineteenth-century, acturial study of waist and chest girths was the first demonstration that body-fat distribution can influence longevity. These early actuarial findings, taken with more recent reports, establish that abdominal enlargement, but not necessarily an 'upper-body' fat distribution, constitutes a major health hazard. Future research must establish which abdominal-obesity index best predicts disease outcomes.
Enhancement of T-helper type I immune responses against hepatitis B surface antigen by LPS derivatives adjuvanted liposomes delivery system

Currently, there is a clinical need for more effective vaccine for hepatitis B that induces robust cell-mediated immune response capable of viral clearance in chronic hepatitis B infection. In the present study, hepatitis B vaccines formulations were designed by loading the hepatitis B surface antigen into liposomes adjuvanted with rough lipopolysaccharide (Re-LPS) and lpxL1 LPS using conventional rotatory evaporation method and were characterized for various parameters, such as vesicle shape and surface morphology, size and size distribution, entrapment efficiency, turbidity, and in vitro release pattern. The immunoreactivity in mice was evaluated by measuring anti-HBs IgG titer and compared with alum-adsorbed HBsAg solution, plain HBsAg, and liposomal HBsAg formulations. The formulations were also evaluated for cell-mediated immune response by HBsAg specific proliferation of spleenocytes after secondary immunization and re-stimulation in vitro with the same antigen. Simultaneous estimation of cytokines (IL-4, IFN-γ) was also carried out. Ex vivo cellular uptake study was performed by fluorescence microscopy. Results indicate that the serum IgG titer obtained after i.m administration of Re-LPS- and lpxL1 LPS-adjuvanted liposomal HBsAg formulation was equivalent to alum-adsorbed HBsAg formulation but was more responsive, sustained, and significantly higher than the corresponding liposomal HBsAg and plain HBsAg formulations. Incorporation of lpxL1 LPS into the liposomal HBsAg increased the stimulation index (SI) 6–10 times as compared with plain HBsAg. Re-LPS- and lpxL1 LPS-adjuvanted liposomal HBsAg formulations induced stronger cellular immune response with a predominant Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) level than those induced by free HBsAg alone, alum-adsorbed HBsAg, and non-adjuvanted liposomal HBsAg. Probably, the possible mechanism for the enhancement of cellular immunity in addition to humoral immunity by LPS-adjuvanted liposomal HBsAg formulation is due to marked enhancement of immunological presentation and recruitment of antigen via macrophage and antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
Biological Delignification of Aspen Wood by Solid-State Fermentation with the White-Rot Fungus Merulius tremellosus

Solid-state fermentation of aspen (Populus tremuloides) wood with Merulius tremellosus for 8 weeks removed 52% of the lignin but only 12% of the total wood weight, and increased the cellulase digestibility to 53% from 18%. Water-soluble and enzyme-solubilized lignin degradation products accumulated. Delignification was fastest at temperatures between 25 and 32.5°C and at a water-to-wood ratio of 2. Initial pH values between 4 and 6 were optimal; M. tremellosus acidified the wood to below pH 3.5 as it grew. The fungus tolerated CO2 concentrations of at least 14% and O2 concentrations down to 7% in the bulk gas phase. Both simple and complex nitrogen supplements inhibited delignification. Supplementary KH2PO4, MgSO4, CaCl2, thiamine, and trace elements had little effect on the fermentation. Four isolates of M. tremellosus had very similar abilities to delignify aspen wood. Biological delignification with M. tremellosus may be a useful pretreatment for enzymatic saccharification or ruminant feeding.
An indoor localisation and motion monitoring system to determine behavioural activity in dementia afflicted patients in aged care

Dementia is highly prevalent among the older population. Most patients with dementia are admitted to an aged care facility due to wandering behaviour which tends to result in dangerous scenarios such as straying away from the facility and being seriously injured. Due to the decreasing availability of carers in aged care, there is a need to prioritise monitoring of patients that have a severe case of wondering. The challenge is to allow carers to monitor the status of such patients in terms of position localisation and motion behavioural status, in real-time. The long term behavioural analysis of such patients would allow carers to better manage such patients. Current indoor localisation technologies cannot provide the accuracy of location and motion to enable unobtrusive behavioural analysis. Our aim was to develop an indoor localisation and activity monitoring system for aged care workers to aid the prioritisation of surveillance to the patients with dementia. Our system used Radio Frequency tracking combined with motion and heading sensors to track a person. The motion and heading sensor information were incorporated into a human activity classification model to determine the characteristics of a patient’s walking activity. We conducted a month-long trial of our localisation network and activity monitoring system in an aged care facility.
Factor XIII Val34Leu Polymorphism and Risk of Deep Vein Thrombosis

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Human Capital and Business Performance: An Empirical Approach Using Structural Equation Modeling

The firmai¾´s human capital is a process referring to the sum total of individual and collective learning through training programs, experience and experimentation, among others. In-business ongoing training is one of the most important strategies for human capital development and it is crucial to sustain and improve workers' knowledge and skills. Many businesses use continuous learning strategy, encouraging employees to learn new skills continually to be innovative and to try new processes and work in order to achieve a competitive advantage and superior business results. This paper uses the Resource Based View and Capacities (RBV) approach to construct a hypothetical relationships model between Human Capital construct and business results. The test of the model is applied on transversal data. A sample of 266 business of Spanish sector service has been selected. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) is used to estimate the relationship between training, represented by two latent dimension, Human and Social Capital and economic business results. The coefficients estimated have shown the efficient of some training aspects explaining the variation in business results.
A New Method for Determining the Emissivity of the Human Skin in Vivo

To determine the radiation emmitted by the human skin, the emissivity of its surface must be known. In this work is presented a new procedure to measure the emissivity of the human skin in vivo. The proposed method is based in the calculation of the difference of two images: one acquired before projecting a laser beam on the surface of the skin, and the other alter such projection. The resulting "difference image" contains only the reflected radiation, which is used to calculate the emissivity of the skin making use of the Kirchhoff's law and the Helmoholtz reciprocity relation. With this method non-contact measurements are made, and the temperature of the skin is not required. Additionally, with the proposed method it is possible to determine the emissivity of the skin at specific wavelengths. The method is presented using a CO2 laser whose wavelength is in the range of maximum radiation of heat by the human skin.
Comparison of “Psychological Styles” in Delinquent and Nondelinquent Females

16 black and 16 white female delinquents and 36 black and 31 white high school females were compared on measures of interpersonal trust, sensation-seeking, and assertiveness. Expected differences for groups and race failed to emerge. Results were discussed in terms of the need to enlarge upon traditional views of adolescent psychopathology and to seek improved modes of assessing lower-class clients.
Management of Heart Failure in Older Adults

The incidence of heart failure in the United States is approaching 5 million patients with approximately 550,000 new cases identified each year. In addition, the prevalence of heart failure increases with age. Heart failure as a common chronic syndrome in the geriatric population challenges healthcare providers in the provision of patient care and improvement of patient outcomes. The purposes of this article are to (1) describe medication use and its associated challenges and (2) discuss hospitalization and outpatient management for older adults with heart failure with the goal of improving patient outcomes.
Acute Leukemias The prognostic value of Bcl-XL gene expression for remission induction is influenced by cytogenetics in adult acute myeloid leukemia

MARKUS SCHAICH,* THOMAS ILLMER,* GABRIELE SEITZ,° BRIGITTE MOHR,* ULRIKE SCHÄKEL,* JAMES F. BECK,# GERHARD EHNINGER* *Department of Medicine I, University Hospital “Carl Gustav Carus”, Dresden, Germany; °Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Tübingen, Germany; #Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Greifswald, Germany Correspondence: Markus Schaich, M.D., Dept. of Medicine I, University Hospital “Carl Gustav Carus”, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany. Phone: international +49-351-4584190 Fax: international +49-351-4585362 E-mail: schaich@oncocenter.de
MR Venography in Children with Complex Craniosynostosis

Purpose: Chronic venous hypertension due to jugular foramen stenosis has been proposed as an etiology for the hydrocephalus and tonsillar herniation seen in some patients with complex craniosynostosis. We report the use of MR venography (MRV) to evaluate venous outflow obstruction in this clinical setting. Materials and Methods: We studied 17 patients, (ages 4 months to 34 years; mean 7.3 years) with complex craniosynostosis; 8 patients with Crouzon’s syndrome, 2 with Apert’s, 1 with Pfeiffer’s and 6 patients without an eponymous classification. MR imaging included routine imaging sequences and axial 2D TOF MRV. Patterns of venous drainage and the presence of hydrocephalus and tonsillar herniation were noted. Results: Jugular vein obstruction was seen in 12/17 patients; in 5/8 patients with Crouzon’s, 1/2 with Apert’s, the single patient with Pfeiffer’s and 5/6 patients with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. The predominant collateral drainage was via the posterior condylar veins. Nine of 12 (75%) of the patients with abnormal MRV had hydrocephalus; 3/8 patients with Crouzon’s, 1/2 patients with Apert’s, and 5/6 nonsyndromic patients. Two patients had hydrocephalus with normal MRV. Ten patients had tonsillar herniation, which was associated with shunted hydrocephalus in 7/10 patients, and hydrocephalus seen prior to shunt placement in 3/9. Nine of 10 patients with tonsillar herniation had an abnormal MRV, while 1 patient had a normal MRV. Venous pressures measured in 1 patient showed an 8-mm-Hg differential across the skull base. Conclusions: The posterior condylar veins appear pivotal in maintaining venous drainage when the jugular bulbs are occluded. Although the association between venous outflow obstruction, hydrocephalus and tonsillar herniation is intriguing, evidence of venous outflow obstruction by MRV may not be indicative of significant intracranial venous hypertension.
Cross-talk between CD40 and CD40L: lessons from primary immune deficiencies

Purpose of reviewThe purpose of this review is to provide an update of the molecular bases of CD40-mediated signalling and of the human immune defects associated with abnormalities of this activation pathway. Recent findingsOver the last years considerable progress in the identification of intracellular molecules mediating CD40 signalling has been achieved. This review focuses on the recent work on the molecular mechanisms of CD40 signalling mediated by tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors, by transcription of the activation-induced cytidine deaminase gene and by activation of nuclear factor κB. Furthermore, the importance of CD40/CD40L interaction for the induction of adaptive immunity will be outlined in the context of primary immunodeficiencies due to defects of the genes involved in the CD40 signalling pathway, which are characterized by an immunological phenotype of hyper-IgM syndrome. SummaryThe critical role of CD40/CD40L interactions in the development of various disease states has been fully appreciated, and further understanding of the molecular events involved in CD40 signalling may allow the identifications of candidate genes for other hyper-IgM syndromes. Molecular diagnosis will help to provide the most appropriate treatment and prognosis.
Evaluación de Diseño de la interfaz de una Red Social en Línea para la Gestión del Conocimiento

Las TIs han ofrecido una extensa variedad de herramientas para acceder a la informacion en sus distintas formas, una de las mas conocidas en la actualidad son las redes sociales en linea (Gyarmati and Tuan Anh, 2010), las cuales han cambiado la forma en la que las personas se “conectan” unas con otras. Las redes sociales en linea permiten compartir informacion de distinta naturaleza tal como texto, imagen, audios, y video, entre otros de una manera masiva y muy rapida (Cha et al., 2009,
Answer Search Indonesian Language Hadith Using Vector Space Model in PDF Document

— Digital text documents are spread in various formats, the most widely used formats today include word format, and PDF format. This research will try to make text search application in text document using vector space approach model. The document format used is a PDF document. Text in PDF will be extracted and then made rank using vector space model. The PDF document consists of ten pages and each page contains a hadith. In general the system can search from the PDF document quite well and able to display the list of results in accordance with the relevance rank with the question.
Cholesterol in the separation of transudates and exudates

The Light criteria represent the most acceptable method to separate transudates and exudates. However, approximately 10% of patients with transudates, especially those with congestive heart disease, are misdiagnosed with these criteria. To improve diagnostic accuracy, many biochemical markers have been proposed as alternatives to differentiate transudates and exudates. Cholesterol has raised particular interest because only pleural fluid is needed, which makes blood samples unnecessary and simplifies the procedure. In most clinical studies, cholesterol has been shown to be as sensitive as the Light criteria, although it is less specific. Other randomized studies are necessary to determine the real potential value of pleural-fluid cholesterol measurements. Studies of pleural-fluid cholesterol are aimed at better understanding the mechanisms by which cholesterol enters the pleural cavity and its role in diseases. The ideal cutoff point of cholesterol to differentiate transudates and exudates is still unknown. Recently, aspects of the cholesterol turnover in diseases have raised great interest. Cholesterol generated great interest after it was related to coronary artery diseases. The involvement of cholesterol in the atherosclerotic process is well known, although its importance in body cavities is still unclear.
Evidence for the Translocation of a Chromosome Sement in Bacillus subtilis Strains Carrying the trpE26 Mutation

The replication order of markers was studied in Bacillus subtilis strains bearing the trpE26 mutation by the use of the density transfer technique. An important difference in this order was observed in comparison with that of strain 168 T-. All markers tested of a chromosome segment extending from trpD to ilvA replicated early, after purB6 and before thr-5. Two markers flanking this region, trpE8 and citK7, replicated late as usual. The results suggested that this segment was shifted in trpE26 strains to a region closer to the origin of replication. PBS-1-mediated transduction crosses corroborated this hypothesis and revealed the position of the translocated segment. (i) Linkage was demonstrated for markers in the segment (hisH2, tryA1, met B3, ilvA2) to thr-5 and ald; (ii) aroB2 and citK7 were found to be linked; and (iii) linkage of cysB3 to thr-5 was lost in trpE26 strains. These findings made it possible to account for the characteristics of the trpE26 mutation and to propose a model explaining the fact that all trpE26+ transformants or transductants are merodiploid. The model calls for fusion of two genetic elements: two independent chromosomes, or two arms of a replicating structure. The resulting chromosome bears a long tandem duplication. Most of the features of this system of merodiploid formation can be interpreted by use of this model: the segregation pattern of the diploids, the stabilization of the unstable clones, and the length of the duplicated region. A relatively stable diploid strain was also studied by the density transfer technique. The data show that it remained diploid for the region corresponding to the translocated segment and are in agreement with the structure predicted by the model.
A Distributed Simulation Model of the Maritime Logistics in an Iron Ore Supply Chain Management

Supply chain management (SCM) has increased its importance in the last decades, accordingly demanding new approaches to support its decision making processes. Simulation has been advised as an adequate approach for fulfilling such demand. However, develop monolithic simulation models representing the whole supply chain can be costly and time consuming. In the iron ore supply chain in which the seaports have the same features, the use of generic models and distributed simulation may be a real alternative in order to reduce the development time and costs. This paper presents a distributed simulation model of the maritime logistics in an iron ore supply chain applied to support fleet management decisions. Such model was used to perform an experiment in order to determine the maximum possible cargo volume supported by a ship fleet.
Decreased caudate volume in neuroleptic-naive psychotic patients.

OBJECTIVE Previous studies, mostly involving neuroleptic-treated patients, have suggested enlarged basal ganglia size in schizophrenia. The authors sought to examine basal ganglia volume in neuroleptic-naive psychotic patients. METHOD Magnetic resonance imaging volumetric studies were conducted in newly diagnosed neuroleptic-naive schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic psychotic patients and in matched healthy comparison subjects. RESULTS Both patient groups had bilaterally reduced caudate, but not putamen, volumes, compared to the healthy subjects, after adjustment for intracranial volume. CONCLUSIONS Decreases in caudate volume in newly diagnosed psychotic patients may be related to the primary pathophysiology of these disorders; prior observations of increased caudate volume may reflect effects of neuroleptic treatment.
A Review on Runs of Markov Chains and Streaks in Football

We examined outcomes that Palacios [6] found the almost sure limits of proportions of the total number of runs and of the number of runs of a given length, over the number of transitions, for the states of finite irreducible Markov chain. We applied these results to the streaks of wins and losses of Galatasaray Football Team in the years 2005 through 2014.