Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of light on N 2 fixation and net nitrogen release of Trichodesmium in a field study

Abstract. Dinitrogen fixation (NF) by marine cyanobacteria is an important pathway to replenish the oceanic bioavailable nitrogen inventory. Light is the key to modulating NF; however, field studies investigating the light response curve (NF-I curve) of NF rate and the effect of light on diazotroph-derived nitrogen (DDN) net release are relatively sparse in the literature, hampering prediction using models. A dissolution method was applied using uncontaminated 15 N 2 gas to examine how the light changes may influence the NF intensity and DDN net release in the oligotrophic ocean. Experiments were conducted at stations with diazotrophs dominated by filamentous cyanobacterium Trichodesmium spp. in the western Pacific and the South China Sea. The effect of light on carbon fixation (CF) was measured in parallel using the 13 C tracer method specifically for a station characterized by Trichodesmium bloom. Both NF-I and CF-I curves showed a Ik (light saturation coefficient) range of 193 to 315 µ E m −2 s −1 , with light saturation at around 400 µ E m −2 s −1 . The proportion of DDN net release ranged from ∼ 6 to ∼ 50 %, suggesting an increasing trend as the light intensity decreased. At the Trichodesmium bloom station, we found that the CF ∕ NF ratio was light-dependent and the ratio started to increase as light was lower than the carbon compensation point of 200 µ E m −2 s −1 . Under low-light stress, Trichodesmium physiologically preferred to allocate more energy for CF to alleviate the intensive carbon consumption by respiration; thus, there is a metabolism tradeoff between CF and NF pathways. Results showed that short-term ( 24 h) light change modulates the physiological state, which subsequently determined the C ∕ N metabolism and DDN net release by Trichodesmium. Reallocation of energy associated with the variation in light intensity would be helpful for prediction of the global biogeochemical cycle of N by models involving Trichodesmium blooms.
Design of Adaptive Noise Canceler in Foetal Electrocardiogram Signal Extraction Using Simulated Annealing Algorithm

Adaptive noise cancellation is an active research field. The main objective of adaptive noise cancellation is to estimate the corresponding noise signal and consequently subtract it from the corresponding corrupted signal plus noise signal to obtain the noise free signal. Continuous monitoring of foetal heart condition during pregnancy is of great medical significance. Electro Cardio Gram (ECG) is used to record changes in heartbeat thus can diagnose any heart malfunction. The obtained foetal ECG (FECG) signal is usually severely contaminated by maternal cardiogram (MECG), and other external interferences. The resultant low signal to noise ratio of foetal ECG makes it difficult to analyze it effectively. This paper analyses use of adaptive noise cancelling techniques in filtering noisy FECG using simulated annealing algorithm. A comparison is made between use of the simulated annealing algorithm and the commonly used Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithm. Obtained correlation values are used as the performance measure. The simulated annealing algorithm is found to perform better than the LMS algorithm. The entire analysis is made through simulations in Matlab software.
Investigation of the supercapacitiveÂ performance of modified Carbon nanotube materials by 1-methyl-3-octadecylimidazolium bromide Ionic Liquid

Supercapacitive properties of electrodes built from ionic liquid-Multi Walled carbon Nanotubes (MWNTs) gel electrodes have been investigated. IL/MWNTs gel was easily prepared by adding MWNTs into 1-methyl-3-octadecylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid aqueous solution, then the resulting gel deposited on Nickel foam by electrophoretic deposition. Electrochemical characterizations were carried out by cyclicvoltammetery and impedance spectroscopy in 1M KOH aqueous solution at room temperature. The specific capacitance of this electrode (120 F/gr) was larger than those were reported for bare carbon nanotube electrodes, and pseudo faradic reactions have been detected. Introduction: Ever since their discovery by Iijima in 1991[1], due to their novel properties such as high specific surface area, high mesoporosity, high electrical conductivity, high electrolyte accessibility, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attractive electrode materials for developing highperformance supercapacitors [2]. However, the van der Waals interaction between tubes makes CNTs aggregate, which is the major limitation to their practical applications. To favour the dispersion of individual nanotubes and prevent their reaggregation, different approaches have been investigated to modify the surface of CNTs [3]. Recently Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (RT-ILs) with unique physicochemical properties such as wide liquid temperature range, high
EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY AND TRADE FLOWS OF EAST ASIAN EMES

This paper investigates the impact of real exchange rate (REX) volatility on the trade performance of six East Asia emerging market economies. Several break dates were detected in the data generating process (DGP) of REX and volatility series over the sample period 1990:1 to 2008:12. We applied the bounds testing approach developed by Pesaran et al. (2001) and the Pedroni (2001) panel cointegration tests and find that trade flows have a long-run relationship with income, price differential and exchange rate volatility. Overall, the long-run relationship reveals that trade flows are income elastic, but not price sensitive. In contrast to the existing literature, we found that trade is responsive to exchange rate risk, albeit this response is small. For two countries, we find the exchange rate fluctuation have no effect or even a positive effect on international trade.
Gender Disparity in Turkish Higher Education.

Turkey has been concerned about gender inequality in education for many years and has implemented various policy instruments. However, gender disparity still seems to prevail today. This study seeks to provide an insight to the gender differences in terms of enrollment rates, level of education, fields of education and number of graduates in Turkish higher education. The research was structured as a descriptive study. Being a descriptive study, secondary data obtained from the Council of Higher Education's website (CoHE), http://www.yok. gov.tr/ is used in this research and the present study takes the year of 2014/2015 for the selected criteria but just 2013-2014 as a reference for graduates. With the latest data available, the percentage of gender difference according to the number of both male and female students enrolled in higher education is calculated. Results presented in charts and graphs indicate that Turkey has made progress in reducing gender disparity in higher education while gender disparity is still severe and needs more emphasis.
Template-Based Vibrato Analysis in Complex Music Signals

The automated analysis of vibrato in complex music signals is a highly challenging task. A common strategy is to proceed in a two-step fashion. First, a fundamental frequency (F0) trajectory for the musical voice that is likely to exhibit vibrato is estimated. In a second step, the trajectory is then analyzed with respect to periodic frequency modulations. As a major drawback, however, such a method cannot recover from errors made in the inherently difﬁcult ﬁrst step, which severely limits the performance during the second step. In this work, we present a novel vibrato analysis approach that avoids the ﬁrst error-prone F0-estimation step. Our core idea is to perform the analysis directly on a signal’s spectrogram representation where vibrato is evident in the form of characteristic spectro-temporal patterns. We detect and parameterize these patterns by locally comparing the spectrogram with a predeﬁned set of vibrato templates. Our systematic experiments indicate that this approach is more robust than F0-based strategies.
Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer measurements of aerosol absorption from space: Comparison to SAFARI 2000 ground‐based observations

Received 6 February 2004; revised 30 July 2004; accepted 3 August 2004; published 24 February 2005. [1] The capability to detect the presence of absorbing aerosols in the atmosphere using space-based near-UV observations has been demonstrated in the last few years, as indicated by the widespread use by the atmospheric sciences community of the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) aerosol index as a qualitative representation of aerosol absorption. An inversion procedure has been developed to convert the unique spectral signature generated by the interaction of molecular scattering and particle absorption into a quantitative measure of aerosol absorption. In this work we evaluate the accuracy of the near-UV method of aerosol absorption sensing by means of a comparison of TOMS retrieved aerosol single scattering albedo and extinction optical depth to groundbased measurements of the same parameters by the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) for a 2-month period during the SAFARI 2000 campaign. The availability of collocated AERONET observations of aerosol properties, as well as Micropulse Lidar Network measurements of the aerosol vertical distribution, offered a rare opportunity for the evaluation of the uncertainty associated with the height of the absorbing aerosol layer in the TOMS aerosol retrieval algorithm. Results of the comparative analysis indicate that in the absence of explicit information on the vertical distribution of the aerosols, the standard TOMS algorithm assumption yields, in most cases, reasonable agreement of aerosol optical depth (±30%) and single scattering albedo (±0.03) with the AERONET observations. When information on the aerosol vertical distribution is available, the accuracy of the retrieved parameters improves significantly in those cases when the actual aerosol profile is markedly different from the idealized algorithmic assumption.
Probabilistic estimation of the constitutive parameters of polymers

The Mulliken-Boyce constitutive model predicts the dynamic response of crystalline polymers as a function of strain rate and temperature. This paper describes the Mulliken-Boyce model-based estimation of the constitutive parameters in a Bayesian probabilistic framework. Experimental data from dynamic mechanical analysis and dynamic compression of PVC samples over a wide range of strain rates are analyzed. Both experimental uncertainty and natural variations in the material properties are simultaneously considered as independent and joint distributions; the posterior probability distributions are shown and compared with prior estimates of the material constitutive parameters. Additionally, particular statistical distributions are shown to be effective at capturing the rate and temperature dependence of internal phase transitions in DMA data.
ANASTASIIA VOROPAEVA TECHNIQUES FOR PLANNING OF THE IOT RADIO NETWORKS IN INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT

ANASTASIIA VOROPAEVA: TECHNIQUES FOR PLANNING OF THE IOT RADIO NETWORKS IN INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT Tampere University of technology Master of Science Thesis, 56 pages May 2018 Master’s Degree Program in Information Technology Major: Communication Systems and Networks Examiners: Prof. Evgeny Kucheryavy and Dr. Alexander Pyattaev
In-situ Grown SnS2 Nanosheets on rGO as an Advanced Anode Material for Lithium and Sodium Ion Batteries

SnS2 nanosheets/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite was prepared by reflux condensation and hydrothermal methods. In this composite, SnS2 nanosheets in-situ grew on the surface of rGO nanosheets. The SnS2/rGO composite as anode material was investigated both in lithium ion battery (LIB) and sodium ion battery (SIB) systems. The capacity of SnS2/rGO electrode in LIB achieved 514 mAh g−1 at 1.2 A g−1 after 300 cycles. Moreover, the SnS2/rGO electrode in SIB delivered a discharge capacity of 645 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1; after 100 cycles at 0.25 A g−1, the capacity retention still keep 81.2% relative to the capacity of the 6th cycle. Due to the introduction of rGO in the composite, the charge-transfer resistance became much smaller. Compared with SnS2/C electrode, SnS2/rGO electrode had higher discharge capacity and much better cycling performance.
Global diarrhoea morbidity, weather and climate

Diarrhoea rates are influenced by weather and climate; transmission can be affected by temperature and rainfall extremes, although few studies have quantified this effect. We undertook a global cross-sectional study of diarrhoea incidence in children under 5, drawing on studies published in the last 50 yr, and assessed the association with climate variables. Log-linear regression was used to quantify any association, controlling for the effects of age, socio-economic conditions and access to improved water and sanitation. We found a negative association between rainfall and diarrhoea rates, with a 4% increase in diarrhoea incidence (95% confidence interval, CI: 1-7%, p = 0.02) for each 10 mm mo -1 decrease in rainfall. Little evidence for association with temperature or climate type was found. Our result for rainfall is consistent with a similar study covering a smaller geographic region. Though biases cannot be excluded, the most likely mechanism is that low rainfall leads to water scarcity, which in turn leads to the use of unprotected water sources and reduces hygiene prac- tices. In the future, greater numbers are expected to experience water scarcity, which may lead to more diarrhoea cases in some locations. This study lends support to programmes for hygiene and water and sanitation coverage, as well as lending support to actions to adapt to and mitigate climate change.
An Epistemic Interpretation of Paraconsistent Weak Kleene Logic

This paper extends Fitting’s epistemic interpretation of some Kleene logics to also account for Paraconsistent Weak Kleene logic. To achieve this goal, a dualization of Fitting’s “cut-down” operator is discussed, leading to the definition of a “track-down” operator later used to represent the idea that no consistent opinion can arise from a set including an inconsistent opinion. It is shown that, if some reasonable assumptions are made, the truth-functions of Paraconsistent Weak Kleene coincide with certain operations defined in this track-down fashion. Finally, further reflections on conjunction and disjunction in the weak Kleene logics accompany this paper, particularly concerning their relation with containment logics. These considerations motivate a special approach to defining sound and complete Gentzen-style sequent calculi for some of their four-valued generalizations.
Nursing transfer of accountability at the bedside: partnering with Nursing transfer of accountability at the bedside: partnering with patients to pilot a new initiative in Ontario community hospitals patients to pilot a new initiative in Ontario community hospitals

The transfer of accountability (TOA) for a patient from one nurse to another at change of shift is an important opportunity to exchange essential patient care information, as well as to enhance the safety and quality of patient care. T his study was undertaken to explore nurses’, patients’ and family members’ perceptions associated with the implementation of bedside nurse to nurse TOA. Focus groups were conducted pre-implementation (two with nurses and two with patients and family members) and post-implementation (six with nurses and two with patients and family members). The focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using directed content analysis. Findings were divided into positive outcomes and challenges to bedside nurse to nurse TOA. Positive outcomes included increased patient safety, more informed patients more consistent use of whiteboards in the patient rooms, better engagement with family via the whiteboard and increased family involvement, confirmation of information between nurses, increased accountability between nurses, and personal introduction/icebreaker of the new nurse. The inclusion of the Patient Partners on the project team was a key success factor for the project. Challenges included a perception of lengthened time required for TOA and increased workload, lack of privacy and potential breaches of confidentiality, patient fear and lack of comprehension, lack of clarity in TOA processes, and inconsistent application of the procedures. Hospital administrators and nurse leaders can use these findings to anticipate and understand change associated with bedside TOA as seen by both nurses and patients/families.
On the tracks of Zimbabwe’s Hyperinflation: A Quantitative Investigation

This paper primarily investigates and examines the relationship between money supply growth and inflation in Zimbabwe. The theoretical analysis is based on a modified form of the “Quantity Theory of Money” (QTM) - a theory developed in the classical equilibrium framework- illustrating the relationship between the money supply, velocity of money, the interest rate and the price level in the Zimbabwean economy using monthly data from 1995:1 to 2006:12. Understanding the causes and especially the effects of inflation can provide us with policy tools to attain price stability and economic growth. The analysis rests on an error correction version of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model that determines the short and the long-run trend in Zimbabwe’s inflation. The results show clearly that the main determinants of inflation in Zimbabwe are parallel market premium movements and especially the change in money supply growth. The lagged change in the 3-month-deposit rate, however, seems to have a positive effect on inflation in Zimbabwean. This anomaly could be explained by the manipulation of the Treasury bill market by the Zimbabwe government. Moreover, a Granger causality test indicates the direction of causality from money supply and parallel premium to inflation.
Robust Bayesian Regularized Estimation Based on Regression Model

The distribution is a useful extension of the normal distribution, which can be used for statistical modeling of data sets with heavy tails, and provides robust estimation. In this paper, in view of the advantages of Bayesian analysis, we propose a new robust coefficient estimation and variable selection method based on Bayesian adaptive Lasso regression. A Gibbs sampler is developed based on the Bayesian hierarchical model framework, where we treat the distribution as a mixture of normal and gamma distributions and put different penalization parameters for different regression coefficients. We also consider the Bayesian regression with adaptive group Lasso and obtain the Gibbs sampler from the posterior distributions. Both simulation studies and real data example show that our method performs well compared with other existing methods when the error distribution has heavy tails and/or outliers.
Frequency Analysis of Uncertain System

This paper is dedicated to the study and analysis of a successfully designed control system, whose capability should always maintain the stability and performance level in spite of the uncertainties in system dynamics and within the working environment to a certain degree. Design requirements such as gain margin and phase margin in using classical frequency-domain techniques are solely for the purpose of robustness. A constrained optimization is then performed to maximize the robust stability of the closed-loop system to the type of uncertainty chosen, the constraint being the internal stability of the feedback system. In most cases, it would be sufficient to search a feasible controller such that the closed-loop system should achieve certain robust stability. Performance objectives can also be included in the optimization cost function. Elegant solution formulae have been developed, which are based on the solutions of certain Algebraic Riccati Equations.
Generierung natürlicher Sprache

Dieser Aufsatz beschreibt das interdisziplinare Forschungsgebiet Generierung naturlicher Sprache und gibt einen Uberblick uber den gegenwartigen Stand der Kunst. Behandelt werden Ansatze aus der Psycholinguistik, Planungs- und Entscheidungsverfahren aus der sprachverarbeitenden KI und Verfahren auf der Grundlage moderner Grammatikformalismen. Die jeweiligen Forschungsziele und -methoden werden dargestellt. This report describes the interdisciplinary research field of natural language generation and gives an overview of the current state of the art. The paper presents psycholinguistic approaches, AI planning and decision-making processes, and generators based on modern grammar formalisms. For each case, the research goals and methods are described.
Serum adiponectin levels and its association with insulin resistance and obesity in women with poly cystic ovarian syndrome

Background: Adiponectin is one of the adipokines derived from adipose tissue. It is involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism, Insulin Resistance (IR) and obesity-related disorders. Adiponectin in patients with Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) has a different expression. This study was performed to assess the serum levels of adiponectin in PCOS patients considering the high prevalence of insulin resistance in this patients and its relation with body mass index, fasting insulin and fasting glucose to evaluate Methods: This case-control study was performed on 45 PCOS patients and 45 controls being matched in regards to age and BMI. Adinopectin level was measured by ELISA. FBS and insulin were measured by glucose oxidase and ELISA method, respectively. Insulin resistance was determined by HOMA-IR. Results: Serum adiponectin level in PCOS subjects and healthy women did not differ statistically. There was no significant difference between fasting insulin and fasting glucose levels in PCOS subjects and healthy women. However, HOMA-IR in PCOS subjects was significantly higher than healthy women. There was a significant negative correlation between adiponectin level and BMI (p=0.035) and fasting glucose (p=0.019). However, after separation of the two groups there was no correlation between adiponectin and BMI. Conclusion: Despite the relationship between adiponectin levels and BMI, and as no relation is observed with PCOS, the role of this adipokine in the syndrome is unlikely. Thus, apparently increase in the amount of adiponectin will not be effective in preventing the syndrome.
Increased frequency of nuclear anomalies in exfoliated buccal mucosa of cigarette smokers

Smoking causes genetic damage associated with increased risk of oral cancer. Cigarette smoking induces genetic aberrations and micronucleus assay is a great biomarker to study the effect of smoking in human population. The present study was undertaken to detect incidence of nuclear anomalies in the exfoliated buccal epithelial cells of smokers using micronucleus assay. 100 healthy individuals (48 smokers and 52 non-smokers) were chosen randomly for the present study. A significantly high frequency of micronuclei was observed in the smokers (p<0.01) as compared to non-smokers. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in the frequency of binucleate cells and karyolysis depicting increased damage in the smokers. A dose-response relationship was observed between smoking and DNA damage.