Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using concept maps to assess learning of safety case studies: the eschede train disaster

The Eschede train disaster remains one of the worst railway accidents in Europe in recent years. The loss of 101 lives was causedby a range of factors but was most caused by poor engineering design decisions. The derailment of the high speed ICE train at thetown of Eschede in Germany and the subsequent collapse of a bridge on to the train provides an excellent context in which tointroduce first year engineering students to the importance of safety in an introductory course. The poor design decisions that ledto the derailment and the subsequent collapse of the bridge have been used as a case study in a general first year engineeringsubject at the University of Melbourne for several years. This paper begins by describing the sequence of events that started withthe fracture of a steel tyre on one of the bogies on a passenger coach and that culminated in the collapse of a concrete overpasscollapsing onto the train. The key lessons that may be learned from the disaster are then described. The learning around this safetycase study is assessed in the classroom using concept maps. An analysis of 84 concept maps prepared by the class 15 weeks afterthe material had been presented to them provides an insight into how well the students integrated and retained the material fromthe case study. A method is proposed to analyse the concept maps to assess student and cohort learning of the case study.
Incremental Integration Algorithm based on Incremental RLID3

In the research process of ID3 algorithm, some deficiencies were found. RLID3 algorithm is on the improvement of ID3 algorithm in terms of the number of leaf nodes. RLID3 algorithm uses ensemble learning method to integrate multiple incremental RLID3 model and the predictive ability of the algorithm is further improved. Incre_RLID3 is an incremental learning algorithm that is based on a decision tree constructed by RLID3. It adjusts construction of the tree using incremental data set. The goal of this algorithm is to use the new data on the basis of the original decision tree. In order to further improve the accuracy of the algorithm, this paper proposes an ensemble algorithm PAR_WT. The basic idea of this algorithm is to use the data set to generate multiple RLID3 decision tree. Then, the test samples are classified by each decision tree. Finally, combined with the PAR_WT algorithm and Incre_RLID3 algorithm, an incremental ensemble algorithm Incre_RLID3_ENM algorithm with incremental learning ability is obtained.
Psychotic Disorders in DSM-5

Summary DSM-5 presents an opportunity to provide greater clarity to constructs involved in classification of psychotic disorders by establishing a meta-structure based on spectra of pathology, giving emphasis to the syndromal nature of current disorders, and to guide ascertainment of psycho-pathology domains to increase understanding of individual cases. There was a need to reduce spurious comorbidity, increase validity, improve reliability, consider possible new disorders, and provide more coherence across chapters in the diagnostic manual. While balancing these objectives, the new information about the nature of these disorders that has been generated since DSM-IV was incorporated into their definition. For example, variations in distinct psychopathological dimensions have been found to better account for the heterogeneity of schizophrenia than traditional subtypes. Resulting changes in DSM-5 include elimination of the classic sub-types of schizophrenia, addition of unique psychopathological dimensions, elimination of special treatment of Schneiderian “first-rank symptoms”, better delineation of schizoaffective disorder, clarification of the nosologic status of catatonia and its consistent treatment across the manual, more precise description of illness course specifiers, and addition of a new category of “attenuated psychosis syndrome” as a condition for further study. The rationale behind and the specific nature of these revisions in the DSM-5 criteria for schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders are summarized in this article.
Genetics and infertility II Affected sib-pair analysis in endometriosis

This paper (i) reviews the current clinical and molecular genetic data which strongly suggest that endometriosis has a genetic basis; (ii) outlines the general principles of affected-sib pair analysis; and (iii) describes the Oxford Endometriosis Gene (OXEGENE) Study which aims, using a positional cloning approach, to identify susceptibility genes involved in the development of the disease.
Aging Processes in the Subcortical Auditory System

As arguably the third most common malady of industrialized populations, age-related hearing loss is associated with social isolation and depression in a subset of the population that will approach 25% by 2050. Development of behavioral or pharmacotherapeutic approaches to prevent or delay the onset of age-related hearing loss and mitigate the impact of hearing loss of speech understanding requires a better understanding of age-related changes that occur in the central auditory processor. This chapter critically reviews and discusses changes that occur in the auditory brainstem and thalamus with increased age. It briefly discusses age-related cellular changes that occur de novo within the central auditory system versus deafferentation plasticity and animal models of aging. Subsections discuss the cochlear nucleus, superior olivary complex, inferior colliculus, and the medial geniculate body with an emphasis on age-related changes in neurotransmission and how these changes could underpin the observed loss of precise temporal processing with increased age.
Integrin αvβ1 Is an Adenovirus Coreceptor

ABSTRACT The human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell line, commonly used for recombinant adenovirus (Ad) propagation, does not express the Ad coreceptor αvβ3 or αvβ5 integrins, yet these cells are efficiently infected by Ad vectors. Here we demonstrate that Ad binds to HEK293 cells via the fiber receptor CAR and is subsequently internalized via interaction with integrin αvβ1. Function-blocking antibodies directed against αv or β1, but not β3, β5, or α5, integrin subunits block Ad infection and viral endocytosis. Therefore, αvβ1 serves as a coreceptor for Ad infection, and the lack of β3 and/or β5 but the relatively high expression of αvβ1 integrins on certain tumor cell types may explain why these cells are readily transduced by Ad vectors.
Diversity and distribution of soil nematodes in Ngere tea catchment area of Murang’a county, Kenya

A survey was conducted to determine the diversity and distribution of soil nematodes associated with tea in Ngere tea catchment area in Kenya. Soil samples were collected from six electoral zones of Ngere factory in Gatanga division Thika district, Murang’a County, Kenya. Nematodes were extracted and recovered from soil samples using a modified Baermann funnel method and identified under a light microscope based on their morphological characters. They were also classified according to their feeding habits. Ten genera belonging to, bacteriovores, fungivores, and omnivores were identified. Fungal feeding and parasitic nematodes were the most widely distributed trophic groups across the tea catchment area. Plant-parasitic nematodes recovered included Pratylenchus spp. , Helicotylenchus spp. , Rotylenchus spp. , Aphelenchus spp. , Rotylenchulus spp. , and Xiphinema spp. Tylenchus spp was the most frequently occurring species in the soil (60.47%) where the population was 429 followed by Pratylenchus spp with 55.81% frequency rating and a population of 404 while Aphelenchus spp had frequency rating of 48.84% and a population of 530. Ditylenchus and Rotylenchus spp had the lowest frequency rating of 6.98 and 4.65%, respectively, while Rotylenchus spp had the lowest population of 33. Six genera of plant parasitic nematodes were encountered in the collected soil samples. These plant parasitic nematodes were identified as Pratylenchus spp. , Aphelenchus spp. , Helicotylenchus spp. , Tylenchus spp. , Xiphinema spp and Duotylenchus spp. Pratylenchus spp. and Tylenchus spp. were the most frequently occurring species in the soil (50%) with a population of 25 and 21, respectively, which was followed by Helicotylenchus spp. , Aphelenchus spp. , Xiphinema spp. , and Duotylenchus spp. with 16.67% frequency rating and a population of 10, 10, 3 and 20, respectively. Pratylenchus spp had the highest nematode population of 28.09% and the lowest nematode population was Xiphinema spp. , having a population of 3.37%. The correlation between nematode population counts and total organic carbon content was not significant at P≥0.05.
RNA SYNTHESIS IN HELA CELLS

Interphase HeLa cells manifest a stepwise shutoff of RNA synthesis when the tonicity of the extracellular medium is gradually increased. Synthesis of heterogeneous nuclear RNA is most sensitive and is selectively inhibited at 1.5 times isotonicity (450 milliosmols/liter), while 45S ribosomal RNA synthesis is not affected significantly below 2.0 times isotonicity. Transfer RNA synthesis is least sensitive to increased osmolarity and is not completely inhibited until the electrolyte concentration of the medium is elevated to 2.8 times isotonicity. Although the transcription and methylation of 45S ribosomal precursor is unaffected at 1.5 times isotonicity, there is pronounced impairment of its processing into 32S and 18S RNA. Using a refined cell synchronization technique, we have been able to compare these effects of hypertonicity with the shutoff of RNA synthesis which occurs during the G2-prophase interval of the cell division cycle. In this case, as with random cells in hypertonic medium, a selective inhibition of heterogeneous nuclear RNA synthesis and slowed processing of 45S ribosomal RNA were found, whereas synthesis of 45S and transfer RNA continued unabated throughout G2-prophase. While it is known that RNA synthesis essentially ceases during metaphase, we have noted that transfer RNA synthesis continues in metaphase at 10–15% of the interphase rate, which is of particular interest in view of the relative resistance of this species to hypertonicity. The close correlation between the patterns of cessation of RNA synthesis at mitosis and during exposure to hypertonic medium supports our earlier contention that alteration of intracellular electrolyte levels provides a useful model for studying the mechanism of mitosis.
Technology Outlook for Australian Tertiary Education 2012-2017: An NMC Horizon Report Regional Analysis

This analysis explores the impact of emerging technologies on teaching, learning, research, or information management in Australian tertiary education over the next five years. These technologies are presented within three adoption horizons (one year or less; two to three years; four to five years). The 12 'technologies to watch' reflect the opinions of experts consulted as to which technologies considered will be most important to Australian tertiary education over the five years following the publication of this paper.
Characteristics of the gastrointestinal microbial communities, with special reference to the chicken

Bacteria in nature appear as diverse communities, which may comprise of hundreds of different species. The shared capacity of the bacterial communities to adapt in any imaginable set of conditions is remarkable. Many bacteria have growth requirements, as yet undiscovered, which are fulfilled by their natural habitats. Indeed, bacterial communities have members specialized on different functions and providing vital elements to other bacteria living in the same community. Therefore, most bacteria cannot easily be isolated from their habitats by the routine culturing methods used in most laboratories today. To overcome the difficulties in culturing of individual microbes, modern approaches analyse the structure of bacterial communities by determining the characteristic features of the microbial DNA extracted from the community samples. Using such techniques we have found that 90% of the bacteria in the chicken gastrointestinal tract represent previously unknown species. Furthermore, more than half of the 640 different species found represent previously unknown bacterial genera. Bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract derive most of their carbon and energy from dietary compounds which are either resistant to attack by digestive fluids or absorbed so slowly by the host that bacteria can successfully compete for them. The performance improvements on use of a growth promoting feed antibiotic is due to factors such as reduced competition for nutrients in the small intestine, reduced local inflammation due to control of pathogens, and reduced size of intestine. Since bacterial species differ in their substrate preferences and growth requirements, the chemical composition and structure of the digesta largely determines the species distribution of the bacterial community in the gastrointestinal tract. Consequently, it should be possible to shift the microbial community from harmful to non-harmful bacteria by changing the diet.
Évolution à 6-10 jours des nourrissons de moins de 3 mois consultant aux urgences pédiatriques pour une rhinite non sifflante à l'admission, en période épidémique

Introduction : la rhinopharyngite est une pathologie frequente chez le nourrisson et le risque d’evolution d’une rhinite vers une bronchiolite est la crainte du medecin. Cette etude avait pour but d’evaluer la proportion de nourrissons de moins de 3 mois evoluant vers une bronchiolite aigue et d’identifier des facteurs predictifs de cette evolution. Materiel et methodes : il s’agit d’une enquete prospective realisees sur 2 sites d’accueil d’urgences pediatriques incluant les nourrissons de moins de 3 mois se presentant avec une rhinite non sifflante en periode epidemique sur 2 hivers consecutifs. Un questionnaire etait realise a l’admission et relevait les donnees cliniques et l’orientation donnee a cet enfant. Un second questionnaire realise 6-10 jours plus tard, par telephone, recueillait aupres des parents l’evolution de l’enfant ainsi que des donnees relatives a l’enfant et sa famille. Les donnees ont ete comparees par le test t de Student ou le test de Khi2. Resultats : pour 106 enfants inclus, 29 ont ete hospitalises d’emblee (27.7%) et parmi ceux pris en charge en ambulatoire, 51,55% (n=40) ont consultes a nouveau pour le meme motif. Au total 41 ont evolue vers une bronchiolite (38,67%). Les facteurs predictifs de passage de rhinite a bronchiolite etaient la perte de poids (OR : 6,98 (IC 95% : 1,07-79,98), p=0,04), l’identification du VRS (OR : 45,17 [IC 95% :10,9-265,3] p<0,0001), le sexe feminin (OR : 0,13 [IC 95% : 0,03-0,49], p =0,0019). Conclusion : l’evolution d’une rhinite en bronchiolite aigue est frequente chez le nourrisson de moins de 3 mois, d’autant plus qu’il est contamine par le VRS. Une surveillance rapprochee est indispensable.
The Effect of Corporate Taxes on Dividend Policy of Banks in Nigeria

The study considers the effect of taxes on the dividend policy of banks in Nigeria. The study was set out to examine the relationship among profit, dividend and taxes and to find out whether profitability and taxes affect the dividends of the nineteen banks quoted in the Nigerian Stock Exchange between 2000 and 2008. The ordinary least square regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The analyses of the results show that profitability is a major determinant of the dividend policy as there is significant association between dividend and profitability . Also, taxes have negative and non- significant impact on the dividend policy of the banks. The paper concludes that there are other factors that determine the dividends of Nigerian banks other than profitability and taxes. Keywords: Dividend, taxes, banks, dividend policy
Genetic variation among local populations of jack pine (Pinus banksiana)

Genetic variability in three jack pine (Pinus banksiana) populations, spaced 10 km apart in southern Manitoba, was analyzed electrophoretically for 15 enzymes encoded by 20 structural loci. These populations were studied as spatial and temporal controls in an investigation of the effects of long-term gamma irradiation on boreal tree species. Individual populations were, on average, polymorphic at 53.3% of the loci and had 2.0 alleles per locus. Individual trees were heterozygous at 20.7% of their loci. An F-statistic analysis revealed an overall 10% excess of heterozygotes over Hardy–Weinberg expectations. Only 2% of the genetic variation occurred among populations. Consequently Nei's genetic distance between populations was small . The amount and disposition of the genetic variation in neighbouring populations resembled that observed by others among widely spaced populations. The similarity of the genetic structure of jack pine populations at the meso- and macro-geographic levels might result from the an.
Characterization for industrial purposes of the fibre anatomy of perennial ryegrass and tall fescue stem and leaf at three stages in the primary growth

Characterization of grass fibre is important in assessing its potential for industrial fibre applications. Stem and leaf sections were sampled from triplicate field plots of two grass species, perennial ryegrass (PRG) and tall fescue at three dates (monthly from 12 May) in the primary growth, and were used to (a) isolate individual fibre cells and (b) prepare transverse sections. Microscopy and image analysis software were used to determine the length and width of individual fibre cells and the proportion of lignified fibre in stem and leaf transverse sections. The length and width of individual fibre cells were greater (P 0·05) on the proportion of lignified fibre in the transverse-sectional area. However, there was a greater (P < 0·001) proportion of lignified fibre in the transverse-sectional area of grass stems than leaves, with tall fescue having a greater (P < 0·05) stem and leaf transverse-sectional area and area of lignified fibre in transverse section than PRG. Tall fescue harvested at a later stage of growth, with higher proportions of stem than leaf tissue, may be more suitable for industrial fibre applications.
Effect of Feeding Full Fat Flax and Canola Seeds to Laying Hens on the Fatty Acid Composition of Eggs, Embryos, and Newly Hatched Chicks

Abstract Single Comb White Leghorn laying hens were fed diets containing 8 and 16% ground flax seed or 16% ground canola seed and were compared with birds fed a wheat and soybean control diet. Levels of omega-3 fatty acids in the egg yolk were monitored, and fertilized eggs were incubated after a plateau of omega-3 fatty acid level was reached. Fatty acid analyses were conducted on brain tissues of embryos at 15, 17, and 19 days of incubation and on newly hatched chicks. Fatty acid composition of plasma of the chicks was also determined. As compared with the controls, the omega-3 fatty acid content of eggs from hens fed flax and canola seed increased significantly (P
The blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of insular Newfoundland. II. Seasonal succession and abundance in a complex of small streams on the Avalon Peninsula

Pickavance Creek and six tributaries on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland, were sampled for blackflies during the period 1970–1972. Nine species of simuliids were found to be breeding in the streams, and their seasonal succession and abundance of larvae and pupae were studied. Overwintering larvae of Prosimulium mixtum, P. fuscum, and Cnephia mutata were found to grow actively during the winter.
Use of chloroplast DNA polymorphisms for the phylogenetic study of the subgenera Amerallium and Bromatorrhiza (genus Allium)

Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) variability has been examined in 16 Allium species of the subgenera Amerallium and Bromatorrhiza according to the recently accepted classification in order to test conflicting ideas of their taxonomic relationships. Combinations of ten restriction enzymes and nine heterologous cpDNA probes were used to identify more than 1000 restriction fragments, 197 of these were informative. A phenetic analysis was carried out, and the resulting UPGMA and Neighbour joining dendrograms allow us to divide the 16 species into two groups. The first one includes species of several American sections of subg. Ameraltium, the second group combines all Old World species of subg. Amerallium and subg. Bromatorrhiza. The Bromatorrhiza accessions are interspersed among the typical Ameralliums and are separated from one another, thus confirming the artificial character of this group, which had to be dissolved and incorporated into subg. Amerallium. Two species of the former subg. Bromatorrhiza cluster with the South-European sects. Briseis and Narkissoprason, whereas the two other species with a basic chromosome number x = 8 are rather isolated within subg. Amerallium. These E Himalayan–SW Chinese plants take an intermediate position between the two large x = 7 and x = 8 subgroups of Allium, suggesting a key role for them as a basic group in the diversification process of the genus. In 16 Allium-Arten der Untergattungen Amerallium und Bromatorrhiza wurde die Variabilitat der Chloroplasten-DNA analysiert, um gegensatzliche Vorstellungen ihrer taxonomischen Zuordnung zu klaren. In RFLP-Versuchen wurden uber 1000 Restriktionsfragmente mit Kombinationen aus zehn Enzymen und neun heterologen cpDNA-Sonden identifiziert; von diesen waren 197 informativ. Die Daten wurden phenetisch ausgewertet, und auf der Basis der resultierenden Dendrogramme konnen die 16 Arten in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt werden. Die erste umfast die amerikanischen Sektionen von Amerallium, die andere enthalt alle altweltlichen Vertreter von Amerallium und Bromatorrhiza. Die Bromatorrhiza-Arten sind an verschiedenen Positionen innerhalb der Amerallien eingeordnet; damit wird der kunstliche Charakter des Subgenus Bromatorrhiza bestatigt, das zugunsten eines umfassenderen Subgenus Amerallium aufgelost werden muste. Zwei Arten des vormaligen subg. Bromatorrhiza sind eng mit den sudeuropaischen Sektionen Briseis und Narkissoprason assoziiert, wahrend die zwei Arten mit einer Basis-Chromosomenzahl von x = 8 innerhalb von Amerallium eher isoliert stehen. Diese Pflanzen aus dem Gebiet des ostlichen Himalaya und Sudwest-China nehmen eine Zwischenstellung zwischen den grosen x = 7 und x = 8 Untergruppen von Allium ein und konnten daher eine basale Gruppe im Diversifikationsprozes dieser Gattung darstellen.
Tracking Pose Using Common Mobile Phone Sensors

The original goal of this project was to develop an accurate ”tape measure” application for Android based mobile phones. The main challenge for such applications is to construct one method that ensures a given Android device can, with accuracy and precision, estimate its own position and movement. The author developed an application in the Unity 3D game environment in order to understand the challenges of such estimation. This required translation of accelerometer and gyroscope data to the Unity platform. Eﬃcient computation required easy translation from right-handed coordinates to left-handed coordinates. Moreover, it is necessary to design and implement calibration procedures in order to lessen the impact of variation in Android hardware between devices. Once the device has been calibrated, the accelerometer and gyroscope data is synthesized to create an accurate model of the device’s position in space.