Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serum, pleural effusion, and ascites CA-125 levels in ovarian cancer and nonovarian benign and malignant diseases: a comparative study.

OBJECTIVES Cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) is not a specific tumor marker and it is synthesized by normal and malignant cells of different origins. Recently it has been shown that various diseases are associated with increased CA-125 levels, especially in the presence of serosal fluid. The aim of this study is to investigate serum and fluid CA-125 levels in patients with different diseases. METHODS A total of 133 patients and 23 healthy control cases were included in the study and divided into eight groups on the basis of disease and the presence of fluid in the serosal cavities. Serum and serosal fluid CA-125 levels were measured by a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit at the same time. Comparisons among the groups were made. RESULTS Abnormal levels of serum CA-125 were observed in 76% of ovarian cancer patients; 96% in patients with ascites and 56% in patients without ascites. Moreover, elevated serum CA-125 levels were detected in 52% of patients with hepatic diseases, in 100% of patients with nongynecologic peritoneal carcinomatosis, and in 87% of patients with pleural effusion. Serum and fluid CA-125 levels were significantly higher in cases of ovarian cancer with ascites than in the other groups (P < 0.01). A positive correlation between serum CA-125 levels and ascites amounts was observed in cases of ovarian cancer with ascites (P < 0.01, r = 0.81). Furthermore, no correlation was observed between ovarian mass volume and serum CA-125 levels in ovarian cancer patients with stage I disease without ascites (P = 0.08, r = 0.48). CONCLUSIONS Although CA-125 levels may be considered a sensitive tumor marker in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, it was determined that high serum CA-125 levels were closely related to the presence of serosal fluids and serosal involvement, whatever the origin is. These results should be considered in the interpretation of CA-125 elevation in patients with ovarian cancer.
Enterprise Search: Tough Stuff

The last decade has witnessed the growth of information retrieval from a boutique discipline in information and library science to an everyday experience for billions of people around the world. This revolution has been driven in large measure by the Internet, with vendors focused on search and navigation of Web resources and Web content management. Simultaneously, enterprises have invested in networking all of their information together to the point where it is increasingly possible for employees to have a single window into the enterprise. Although these employees seek Web-like experiences in the enterprise, the Internet and enterprise domains differ fundamentally in the nature of the content, user behavior, and economic motivations.
Autosolitons in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates with two- and three-body inelastic processes

In this paper, we consider the conditions for the existence of autosolitons, in trapped Bose-Einstein conden- sates with attractive atomic interactions. First, the variational approach is employed to estimate the stationary solutions for the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation with trap potential, linear atomic feeding from the thermal cloud, and two- and three-body inelastic processes. Next, by using exact numerical calculations, we show that the variational approach gives reliable analytical results. We also discuss the possible observation of The existence of envelope autosolitons in the one- dimensional ~1D! case, in a homogeneous nonlinear medium with dissipation and amplification, was revealed by Pereira and Stenflo @1#. They found the exact solution for autosoli- tons with arbitrary growth and damping strengths in the per- turbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation ~NLSE! Later, auto- solitons were discovered in nonlinear fiber optics, namely, in fibers with amplifiers and distributed filters~the latter corre- sponds to the frequency-dependent damping in the nonlinear Schrodinger equation ! @ 2,3# and also for waves on the sur- face of deep water @4#. Correspondingly, in a 2D homoge- neous medium with amplification and nonlinear damping, the possibility of existence of a 2D analog of the Pereira- Stenflo solitons was recently shown by a variational ap- proach @5#. Autosolitons in a weakly dispersive nonlinear media, described by the Korteweg-deVries equation, have been studied in Refs. @6,7#. The autosolitons can be distinguished from ordinary soli- tons. The latter exist in a conservative media and are origi- nated from the balance between the nonlinear and dispersive effects of the wave propagation. The properties of these gen- erated solitons are defined by the initial conditions ~their number, parameters such as amplitudes, widths, etc. ! @ 6#, with the solutions characterized by their corresponding prop- erties. As for to the autosolitons, they can be generated in nonconservative media when effects of amplification and dissipation are present. For the existence of autosolitons, one should add to the equilibrium condition between nonlinearity and dispersion the requirement of a balance between ampli- fication, frequency-dependent damping, and nonlinear dissi- pation. In distinction from ordinary solitons, the properties of the autosoliton, as a rule, are fixed by the coefficients of the perturbed NLSE and by any initial perturbation that is at- tracted to this point ~attractor in the space of coefficients! Mathematically, the problem is described by the NLSE with complex parameters. If the imaginary parts are large, the equation is equivalent to the so-called complex Ginzburg- Landau equation. An interesting limit is represented by the NLSE with small complex coefficients.
Theoretical Analysis on the Performance of Two Broadcast Schemes in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Analysis on the performance of broadcast schemes in mobile ad hoc networks is a hot topic in recent years. Most of the related studies are simulation based and take SRB and RE as the dominating metric. But cost efficiency has not been carefully researched. In this paper theoretical models were established to facilitate analysis on the performance of counter based scheme and distance based scheme. A new metric-WCOF (wireless channel occupation frequency), is introduced to measure the average cost per node incurred in a round of broadcast. Two important conclusions were drawn from the analytical results. First, higher SRB can not always lead to better cost efficiency. Second, without considering RE, SRB or WCOF based evaluations are meaningless
Electronic Scheme for Computing Inverse-Cosine and its Application to a GMR Based Angle Sensor

This paper presents a new, simple but effective, electronic method to obtain inverse-cosine of an electrical variable. The proposed method is very useful for linearization of sensors whose output is a cosine or sine function of the physical quantity being sensed. The inverse-cosine of the variable is obtained by comparing it with a reference sinusoidal wave. The proposed method is easy to implement using electronic components. Using the new technique, a giant magneto-resistance-based angle sensor that provides an output linearly proportional to the angle being sensed has been developed, and the details are reported in this paper. A prototype of the angle sensor has been built, and the practicality of the new method has been tested successfully. The developed sensor provides a linear output for a range of 0° to 180°. The worst case error was found to be less than 0.35° for a range of 10°-170°.
Effect of Light Exercise on Renal Hemodynamics in Patients with Hypertension and Chronic Renal Disease

Objective : Increased physical activity is followed by a stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and this effect is probably more pronounced in patients with chronic renal failure and hypertension than in healthy controls. The role of sustained exercise in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure, with and without antihypertensive therapy, is unclear, as is hormonal regulation of the renal hemodynamics. We hypothesized that prolonged low-intensity bicycle exercise would have a greater effect in patients with chronic renal failure than in controls, and that antihypertensive treatment would ameliorate these effects. Material and Methods : Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), norepinephrine (NE) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were measured in the upright position before and during low-intensity exercise for 2 h in healthy controls ( n = 8) and in hypertensive patients with moderately reduced renal function who were not taking antihypertensives ( n = 7) or who were receiving treatment with captopril ( n = 10), enalapril ( n = 6) or verapamil ( n = 9). Results : GFR tended to decrease and ERPF decreased significantly in healthy individuals when exercise duration was prolonged from 1 to 2 h. An earlier decline in GFR and ERPF was seen in the renal failure patients compared with the controls. Filtration fraction (FF) increased during exercise in all groups except the group taking enalapril. MAP increased in the captopril group during exercise but was unchanged in the other groups. Treatment with captopril produced a more pronounced and earlier fall in exercise-induced GFR than in untreated controls, while verapamil treatment completely blunted the decline in GFR, with a concomitant increase in plasma ANP. No significant changes were seen in plasma NE levels, but urinary NE excretion increased in controls and captopril-treated patients during exercise. Conclusions : The results suggest that prolonged low-intensity exercise has a substantially greater effect on renal hemodynamics in hypertensive renal failure patients than in healthy controls, with negligible changes in plasma NE levels. Verapamil treatment seems to ameliorate the renal effects of exercise on GFR in these patients, and this may in part be mediated via a stimulatory effect on ANP.
Verbal irony comprehension in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

OBJECTIVE The present study examined verbal irony comprehension in 31 aMCI and 33 healthy control (HC) subjects. Although nonliteral language impairments have been evidenced in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD), verbal irony comprehension remained somewhat underinvestigated in these populations. METHOD A task measured the capacity to attribute Second-order mental state (i.e., theory of mind; ToM) as well as the ability to distinguish an ironic statement from a lie. Subjects were asked to identify, in a short story, whether the final assertion was a lie or an ironic joke. RESULTS Our results showed lower performance on a verbal irony comprehension task for aMCI individuals compared with those in the HC group. This pattern of results was related to Second-order ToM and executive functions. CONCLUSION These findings have implications for the conceptualization of aMCI, and foster investigation of social language comprehension in neurodegenerative diseases such as prodromal AD. Results are discussed in light of actual linguistic theories. The importance of evaluating the role of underlying cognitive processes in verbal irony comprehension is also emphasized.
クオリア立国論 = The qualia manifesto

第１章 クオリア消費時代がはじまる（美意識が消費財になる時代） 第２章 文化力を発信する（おもてなしの心をみがく；最高の瞬間を逆算する日本人—“御用聞き”がウケる） 第３章 ビジネスとクオリアの交差点（衆知を集めて独創を生む；日本ブランドはもっと高められる） 第４章 クオリア立国のために（日本文化が強さに変わるとき；日本の「見える化」を目指せ）
Information Security Risk and Costs of Capital: Evidence from Taiwan Semiconductor Companies

The paper investigates whether firms’ exposure to information security risk influences firms’ costs of capital. Most IT firms highly rely on computer systems and network appliances; it may cause disasters if firms are involved in great information security risk. In the sample of Taiwan’s semiconductor firms during 2005–2016, we show that ISO 27001-certified firms (a well-known information security certificate) have lower costs of debt, but whether firms are ISO 27001-certified is not associated with firms’ costs of equity. Our findings are consistent with modern financial theories: debt holders, as put writers to firms’ value, benefit from firms’ lower information security risk, and better corporate governance, and thus lower firms’ costs of debt. On the other hand, equity holders should hold efficient portfolio through diversification and thus firms’ costs of equity should not be influenced by firms’ information security risk, which belongs to idiosyncratic risk in the portfolio theory.
Complex Formation with Methylamine Dehydrogenase Affects the Pathway of Electron Transfer from Amicyanin to Cytochrome c-551i (*)

Methylamine dehydrogenase (MADH), amicyanin, and cytochrome c-551i are soluble redox proteins that form a complex in solution (Chen, L., Durley, R., Mathews, F. S., and Davidson, V. L.(1994) Science 264, 86-90), which is required for the physiologic electron transfer from the tryptophan tryptophylquinone cofactor of MADH to heme via the copper center of amicyanin. The reduction of cytochrome by amicyanin within the complex in solution has been demonstrated using rapid scanning stopped-flow spectroscopy. Electron transfer from free, uncomplexed, amicyanin to cytochrome c-551i occurs much more rapidly but only to a very small extent because the reaction is thermodynamically much less favorable when amicyanin is not associated with MADH (Gray, K. A., Davidson, V. L., and Knaff, D. B.(1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 13987-13990). These kinetic data suggest that amicyanin binding to cytochrome c-551i occurs at different sites when amicyanin is free and when it is in complex with MADH. A model for the interactions of these proteins is presented.
Cryptosporidium and Giardia removal by secondary and tertiary wastewater treatment

Wastewater disposal may be a source of environmental contamination by Cryptosporidium and Giardia. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in raw and treated wastewater effluents. A prevalence of 100% was demonstrated for Giardia cysts in raw wastewater, at a concentration range of 10 to 12,225 cysts L−1, whereas the concentration of Cryptosporidium oocysts in raw wastewater was 4 to 125 oocysts L−1. The removal of Giardia cysts by secondary and tertiary treatment processes was greater than those observed for Cryptosporidium oocysts and turbidity. Cryptosporidium and Giardia were present in 68.5% and 76% of the tertiary effluent samples, respectively, at an average concentration of 0.93 cysts L−1 and 9.94 oocysts L−1. A higher detection limit of Cryptosporidium oocysts in wastewater was observed for nested PCR as compared to immune fluorescent assay (IFA). C. hominis was found to be the dominant genotype in wastewater effluents followed by C. parvum and C. andersoni or C. muris. Giardia was more prevalent than Cryptosporidium in the studied community and treatment processes were more efficient for the removal of Giardia than Cryptosporidium. Zoonotic genotypes of Cryptosporidium were also present in the human community. To assess the public health significance of Cryptosporidium oocysts present in tertiary effluent, viability (infectivity) needs to be assessed.
Integration of carrierless ultrathin wafers into a TSV process flow

This paper presents a new carrierless approach to handling and processing ultra-thin Silicon which is predominantly used in processing Through Silicon Via (TSV) wafers. Currently, the state of the art consists of bonding the wafers having the vias onto a carrier wafer, after which the thinning steps of the wafer and the backside processing, e.g. Redistribution (RDL) or Bumping, are performed. By means of temporarily bonding the wafer to a carrier, the wafer has structural integrity and can be handled and processed at standard equipment.
Automated and semi‐automated cell tracking: addressing portability challenges

Cell tracking is a key task in the high‐throughput quantitative study of important biological processes, such as immune system regulation and neurogenesis. Variability in cell density and dynamics in different videos, hampers portability of existing trackers across videos. We address these potability challenges in order to develop a portable cell tracking algorithm. Our algorithm can handle noise in cell segmentation as well as divisions and deaths of cells. We also propose a parameter‐free variation of our tracker. In the tracker, we employ a novel method for recovering the distribution of cell displacements. Further, we present a mathematically justified procedure for determining the gating distance in relation to tracking performance. For the range of real videos tested, our tracker correctly recovers on average 96% of cell moves, and outperforms an advanced probabilistic tracker when the cell detection quality is high. The scalability of our tracker was tested on synthetic videos with up to 200 cells per frame. For more challenging tracking conditions, we propose a novel semi‐automated framework that can increase the ratio of correctly recovered tracks by 12%, through selective manual inspection of only 10% of all frames in a video.
The swapping problem

Each vertex of a graph initially may contain an object of a known type. A final state, specifying the type of object desired at each vertex, is also given. A single vehicle of unit capacity is available for shipping objects among the vertices. The swapping problem is to compute a shortest route such that a vehicle can accomplish the rearrangement of the objects while following this route. We exhibit several structural properties of shortest routes and develop polynomial approximation algorithms that are variations of a well-known “patching” algorithm for the traveling salesman problem. We prove tight constant performance guarantees for these algorithms and note as a side product that these bounds hold and are tight also for the latter problem.
A Unique Case of Late Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Postpartum Rheumatoid Arthritis Offers Insight into Possible Disease Triggers

We report a unique case of relapsed Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) occurring 29 years after initial diagnosis. Recurrence was temporally related to discontinuation of methotrexate, originally used as a treatment for the patient’s poorly responsive rheumatoid arthritis, which also developed within a year postpartum. There are rare late relapses of LCH described in the literature and these have been largely limited to the orbit or bony structures. In contrast, our case showed widespread multisystem disease with lymph node, lung, and bone involvement at initial diagnosis and relapsed with only nodal disease and focal bone involvement. The association with new onset postpartum rheumatoid arthritis is also novel and offers possible insight into pathogenesis. We discuss the association between Langerhans cell histiocytosis, rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy. We also review late recurrent LCH and potential treatment strategies for this unique population.
Le FCyRIIIa/CD16A des cellules Natural Killer (NK) humaines : régulation de son expression et variabilité des réponses fonctionnelles induites par son engagement

L’activation des cellules NKCD56dim par l’engagement ou non du recepteur FγRIIIA/CD16A entraine la perte d’expression membranaire de celui-ci par un mecanisme dependant au moins en partie de la metalloprotease ADAM17. Celle-ci clive le recepteur entre l’Alanine 195 et la Valine 196 et agit exclusivement en cis. La modulation d’expression du FγRIIIA/CD16A est un marqueur d’activation des cellules NK plus fortement correle a la degranulation qu’a la production d’IFN-γ. L’engagement du recepteur FγRIIIA/CD16A ou le co-engagement des recepteurs activateurs des NKCD56dim induisent de maniere non correlee la degranulation et la production d’IFN-γ. Cette dichotomie fonctionnelle varie selon les donneurs et depend de l’expression des recepteurs inhibiteurs specifiques des molecules du CMH-I. La production d’IFN-γ est ainsi associee a l’expression des KIRs (Killer like-Immunoglobuline Receptor) mais pas a celle du NKG2A. Une meilleure comprehension des reponses effectrices dependantes du FγRIIIA/CD16A est importante pour ameliorer l’efficacite therapeutique des anticorps monoclonaux a visee anti-tumorale.
2 Regulatory Cells and Multiple Myeloma

The concept of immune surveillance posits innate and adaptive immune cell mediated recognition and elimination of tumor cells, which express either tumor specific antigens or molecules by cellular stress. Both innate and adaptive immunity are important to inhibit tumor formation and rejection of transplanted tumors (Dunn et al., 2004; Pardoll, 2003). Despite immune surveillance, tumors do progress. Therefore, new concept immunoediting provides complete explanation of immune system in cancers. Immunoediting has three phases against tumors including elimination, equilibrium and escape (Swann & Smyth, 2007). Elimination phase is similar to immune surveillance, where the immune system detects tumor cells and kills them. In the equilibrium phase, tumor cells become dormant, and the immune system selectively destroys susceptible tumor clones and prevents tumor progression. In the escape phase, immune responses fail to suppress the tumor growth which leads to development of tumor variants that are resistant to anti-tumor responses. The major immune cells involved in targeting the tumor mass are CD8 T cells (MHC I dependent) and NK cells (MHC I independent/deficient) (Pardoll, 2003; Smyth et al., 2000, 2001). Perforin and Fas/FasL pathways constitute for contact-mediated cytotoxicity represented by NK and CD8 T cells (Lieberman, 2003; Russell & Ley, 2002). Also, other pathways play an important role in tumor elimination, such as IFN-┛ and IFN-┙/┚. Regulatory T cells have been initially described in studies by Sakaguchi et al who proved the role of (CD4+CD25+) regulatory T (Treg) cells in maintaining the tolerance against self-antigens (Sakaguchi et al., 1995, 2004, 2008). Treg cells have been shown to contain distinct populations (Table 1) which are able to actively suppress the function of other immune cells, including CD4+CD25T cells, CD8 T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells, NK cells and NKT cells (Azuma et al., 2003; Chen, 2006; Lim et al., 2005; Murakami et al., 2002; Romagnani et al., 2005; Trzonkowski et al., 2004). Several studies recently proved that Treg cells could induce tolerance against tumors (Nagai et al., 2004; von Boehmer, 2005; Yamaguchi & Sakaguchi, 2006). Also, studies addressed the expansion of Treg cells in various non-hematological and hematological malignancies (Beyer & Schultze, 2006b). Treg cells were also proved to