Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High voltage vertical p-n diodes with ion-implanted edge termination and sputtered SiNx passivation on GaN substrates

High-voltage vertical GaN-on-GaN power diodes with partially compensated ion-implanted edge termination (ET) and sputtered SiNx passivation are reported. The measured devices exhibit a breakdown voltage (Vbr) exceeding 1.2 kV. Optimization of the ion-implantation-based ET has been performed through simulation and experiment, and the impact of SiNx surface passivation on breakdown has also been evaluated. Use of a partially-compensated ET layer, with approximately 40 nm of the p-type anode layer remaining uncompensated by the implant, is optimal for maximizing Vbr. Additionally, sputter-deposited SiNx, rather than the more conventional plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD)-based SiNx, results in less degradation in the on-state performance while providing the same Vbr. The diodes support current densities of 8 kA/cm2 at a forward voltage 5 V, with differential specific on resistances (Ron) of 0.11 mΩcm2. A Baliga's figure-of merit (BFOM) of 13.5 GW/cm2 is obtained; this is among the highest reported BFOM for GaN homoepitaxial pn diodes.
Mengatasi Ketimpangan Pembangunan Antar Wilayah Melalui 'Mekanisme Kompensasi' Di Era Otonomi Daerah (Studi Kasus Provinsi Bali)

Perekonomian di Provinsi Bali saat ini memiliki ketergantungan yang relatif tinggi pada tiga sektor unggulan, yaitu sektor pertanian dalam arti luas, sektor sektor yang terkait dengan pariwisata, dan industri kecil dan menengah). Namun disisi lain perkembangan sektor pariwisata yang terjadi di Provinsi Bali masih menyisakan persoalan mendasar, yaitu terjadinya ketimpangan perekonomian antar wilayah. Tulisan ini berupaya untuk mendalami permasalahan diatas dengan menganalisis: pertama, perkembangan dan peranan sektor pariwisata dalam perekonomian Provinsi Bali; kedua, ketimpangan kesejahteraan antar wilayah yang terjadi; dan ketiga, upaya redistribusi yang dijalankan pemerintah daerah untuk mengatasi ketimpangan tersebut. Data empiris dan berbagai studi yang pernah dilakukan semakin memperjelas kondisi ketimpangan antar wilayah yang terjadi di Provinsi Bali. Ketimpangan yang cukup mencolok terutama terjadi antara bagian selatan dan bagian utara. Salah satu pendekatan untuk mengurangi ketimpangan antara kabupaten dan kota di Provinsi Bali adalah dengan mengembangkan suatu kebijakan untuk meredistribusi kekayaan dari hasil pariwisata di wilayah destinasi wisata yang ‘kaya’ (Kab Badung3, Kab Gianyar dan Kota Denpasar) kepada wilayah di 6 kabupaten (Tabanan, Jembrana, Bangli, Buleleng, Klungkung dan Karangasem) yang destinasi wisatanya belum berkembang. Redistribusi tersebut dilakukan melalui mekanisme kompensasi dan kerjasama antar daerah dalam suatu wilayah provinsi. Upaya ini telah membawa hasil positif berupa penurunan tingkat kesenjangan PDRB perkapita antar kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Bali
Guided Wave Delamination Detection and Quantification With Wavefield Data Analysis

Unexpected damage can occur in aerospace composites due to impact events or material stress during off-nominal loading events. In particular, laminated composites are susceptible to delamination damage due to weak transverse tensile and interlaminar shear strengths. Developments of reliable and quantitative techniques to detect delamination damage in laminated composites are imperative for safe and functional optimally-designed next-generation composite structures. In this paper, we investigate guided wave interactions with delamination damage and develop quantification algorithms by using wavefield data analysis. The trapped guided waves in the delamination region are observed from the wavefield data and further quantitatively interpreted by using different wavenumber analysis methods. The frequency-wavenumber representation of the wavefield shows that new wavenumbers are present and correlate to trapped waves in the damage region. These new wavenumbers are used to detect and quantify the delamination damage through the wavenumber analysis, which can show how the wavenumber changes as a function of wave propagation distance. The location and spatial duration of new wavenumbers can be identified, providing a useful means not only for detecting the presence of delamination damage but also for estimation of the delamination size. Our method has been applied to detect and quantify real delamination damage with complex geometry (grown using a quasi-static indentation technique). The detection and quantification results show the location, size, and shape of the delamination damage.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
A Novel Approach for Plant Embryonic Cells Serial Section Images Registration

The three dimensional reconstruction of the serial section images is an effective approach for plant embryo cells quantitative analysis. However, because of the complexity of the section images, the registration problem of the serial section images is difficult to be solved. In this paper, a novel approach based on Radon transform and phase correlation, which is used for the plant embryonic cells serial section images registration, is introduced. After the analysis of these image's features, we use the gravity center of the image to compute the quantity of parallel translation. Compared with the previous image registration algorithm using Radon transform and phase correlation, this approach observably improves both the efficiency and robustness.
Global plate motion frames: Toward a unified model

Plate tectonics constitutes our primary framework for understanding how the Earth works over geological timescales. High‐resolution mapping of relative plate motions based on marine geophysical data has followed the discovery of geomagnetic reversals, mid‐ocean ridges, transform faults, and seafloor spreading, cementing the plate tectonic paradigm. However, so‐called “absolute plate motions,” describing how the fragments of the outer shell of the Earth have moved relative to a reference system such as the Earth's mantle, are still poorly understood. Accurate absolute plate motion models are essential surface boundary conditions for mantle convection models as well as for understanding past ocean circulation and climate as continent‐ocean distributions change with time. A fundamental problem with deciphering absolute plate motions is that the Earth's rotation axis and the averaged magnetic dipole axis are not necessarily fixed to the mantle reference system. Absolute plate motion models based on volcanic hot spot tracks are largely confined to the last 130 Ma and ideally would require knowledge about the motions within the convecting mantle. In contrast, models based on paleomagnetic data reflect plate motion relative to the magnetic dipole axis for most of Earth's history but cannot provide paleolongitudes because of the axial symmetry of the Earth's magnetic dipole field. We analyze four different reference frames (paleomagnetic, African fixed hot spot, African moving hot spot, and global moving hot spot), discuss their uncertainties, and develop a unifying approach for connecting a hot spot track system and a paleomagnetic absolute plate reference system into a “hybrid” model for the time period from the assembly of Pangea (∼320 Ma) to the present. For the last 100 Ma we use a moving hot spot reference frame that takes mantle convection into account, and we connect this to a pre–100 Ma global paleomagnetic frame adjusted 5° in longitude to smooth the reference frame transition. Using plate driving force arguments and the mapping of reconstructed large igneous provinces to core–mantle boundary topography, we argue that continental paleolongitudes can be constrained with reasonable confidence.
Effect of distension and feeding on phasic changes in human proximal gastric tone.

BACKGROUND: Proximal stomach by virtue of its property of accommodation acts as a reservoir for the ingested food, but its role in emptying and the factors modulating it remain unexplored. AIM: To assess the effects of distension and of feeding on proximal gastric tone. SUBJECTS: 14 healthy volunteers with no current or past history of any gastro-intestinal symptoms. METHODS: Isobaric changes in volume of the proximal stomach were recorded both during fasting and for the first 30 minutes after a meal. RESULTS: For a given degree of distension, the mean (SEM) intragastric pressure was consistently lower, immediately after meal ingestion (9.8 (1.1), mm Hg) than during fasting (12.9 (0.6) mm Hg; p < 0.01). Proximal gastric tone was continuously variable with a frequency of fluctuation of 0.9-1.3/minute and an amplitude of 16.8 (2.2) ml, superimposed upon slower higher amplitude fluctuations in baseline tone. These variations in tone were unaffected by the degree of gastric distension or by food. CONCLUSIONS: While proximal gastric tone decreases after meal ingestions consistent with accommodation, the fluctuations in tone are not an importance factor in the modulation of nutrient emptying from the proximal stomach in the immediate postprandial period.
Even-harmonic generation due to beyond-Born-Oppenheimer dynamics.

We calculate the harmonic spectrum generated by a model HD molecule in a strong laser pulse. The unequal nuclear masses lead to the emission of even harmonics, i.e., photon frequencies which are even multiples of the laser frequency. The effect does not occur within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. In the high-frequency region, the even harmonics are almost of the same order of magnitude as the odd ones.
Process Simulation during the Design Process Makes the Difference: Process Simulations Applied to a Traditional Design

Objective: The objective is evaluation of a traditionally designed operating room using simulation of various surgical workflows. Background: A literature search showed that there is no evidence for an optimal operating room layout regarding the position and size of an ultraclean ventilation (UCV) canopy with a separate preparation room for laying out instruments and in which patients are induced in the operating room itself. Neither was literature found reporting on process simulation being used for this application. Many technical guidelines and designs have mainly evolved over time, and there is no evidence on whether the proposed measures are also effective for the optimization of the layout for workflows. Methods: The study was conducted by applying observational techniques to simulated typical surgical procedures. Process simulations which included complete surgical teams and equipment required for the intervention were carried out for four typical interventions. Four observers used a form to record conflicts with the clean area boundaries and the height of the supply bridge. Preferences for particular layouts were discussed with the surgical team after each simulated procedure. Results: We established that a clean area measuring 3 × 3 m and a supply bridge height of 2.05 m was satisfactory for most situations, provided a movable operation table is used. The only cases in which conflicts with the supply bridge were observed were during the use of a surgical robot (Da Vinci) and a surgical microscope. During multiple trauma interventions, bottlenecks regarding the dimensions of the clean area will probably arise. Conclusions: The process simulation of four typical interventions has led to significantly different operating room layouts than were arrived at through the traditional design process.
Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Capacity of Curcuma Longa and Viscum Album in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats

Plant based therapies may be a potent means of managing and preventing diabetes and currently, combination therapies are employed for the treatment of critical diseases. In view of this, the objectives of the present study was to investigate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant capacity C. longa, V. album and co-treatment with C. longa + V. album on diabetes and its related complication. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of C. longa and V. album were examined using standard procedures and the result revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, terpenoids and steroids respectively. Thirty six (36) male albino rats with the mean weight between 120-135g were divided into six (6) groups (n=6), group one (1) served as the normal control and there experimental groups were diabetic, induced with 150 mg/kg intraperitoneal alloxan injection. Body weight, blood sugar level, glycated hemoglobin, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, α-amylase, lipid profile, liver function and antioxidant markers were determined using standard procedures and the results revealed that, co-treatment with C. longa + V. album demonstrated an excellent weight reduction ability, hypoglycemic capacity, modulation of G6PDH, HBA1C and lipid profile, inhibition of α-amylase and enhancement of liver function and antioxidant levels. Therefore, co-treatment with C. longa + V. ablum can be a good therapeutic choice for the management of diabetes and its related conditions.
Immunochemical characterization of and isolation of the gene for a Borrelia burgdorferi immunodominant 60-kilodalton antigen common to a wide range of bacteria

By crossed immunoelectrophoresis and Western blotting (immunoblotting), it was shown that Borrelia burgdorferi expresses the 60-kilodalton Common Antigen (CA) that is cross-reactive with an equivalent antigen in a wide range of remotely related bacteria. B. burgdorferi CA is strongly immunogenic. A B. burgdorferi genomic library was constructed by using a plasmid cloning system. Escherichia coli recombinants were screened for expression of immunodominant B. burgdorferi antigens. One of the recombinant clones expressed the 60-kilodalton CA of B. burgdorferi. The DNA region encoding B. burgdorferi CA was localized on a 2.3-kilobase fragment of the plasmid pKH1. CA may have pathogenetic implications in Lyme borreliosis, since the CA of mycobacteria recently has been shown to play a role in the etiology of experimental autoimmune arthritis. The extensive cross-reactivity of this antigen may account for the low diagnostic specificity of the currently used serological tests in Lyme borreliosis.
Speciation with gene flow could be common

The likelihood of speciation in the face of homogenizing gene flow (i.e. without complete geographical isolation) is one of the most debated topics in evolutionary biology. Demonstrating this phenonemon is hampered by the difficulty of isolating the effects of time since population divergence vs. gene flow on levels of molecular genetic differentiation. For example, weak genetic differentiation between taxa could be due to recent divergence, gene flow, or a combination of these factors. Nonetheless, a number of convincing examples of speciation with gene flow have recently emerged, owing in part to the development of new analytical methods designed to estimate gene flow specifically. A recent example of speciation with gene flow in salamanders ( Niemiller et al. 2008 ) further advances our understanding of this phenonemon, by showing that gene flow between cave and spring salamanders was ongoing during speciation, rather than having occurred after a long period of allopatric divergence. Future work on the ecological and genetic factors reducing gene flow will likely increase our understanding of the conditions that faciliate divergence in the face of gene flow.
Freins et motivations à l’application de la première RTU concernant la prescription de baclofène dans le traitement des troubles de l’usage de l’alcool par les médecins généralistes

Le dispositif des RTU (Recommandations Temporaires d’utilisation), unique au monde, a ete cree dans le cadre de la loi relative au renforcement de la securite sanitaire du medicament de 2011 afin d’encadrer, securiser et suivre certaines prescriptions hors AMM. La premiere RTU concerne le baclofene et est a ce jour la seule qui concerne les medecins generalistes. Depuis 2008, la prescription hors AMM du baclofene dans l’indication du traitement des troubles de l’usage de l’alcool s’est fortement developpee et concerne plus de 100 000 patients et 10 000 prescripteurs. Cette RTU, tres demandee, a ete accordee en mars 2014. Or les premiers bilans sont decevants : un net manque de participation des prescripteurs est constate avec seulement 5000 patients inscrits en un an. Par une methode qualitative, nous avons etudie les freins et motivations a l’application de cette RTU. 15 medecins generalistes aux profils varies ont ete interroges individuellement au sujet de leur vecu de la RTU. Les principaux freins sont la lourdeur du dispositif et la difficulte de son application pratique en medecine generale, ainsi que le manque d’information, malgre souvent un souhait de participer dans un objectif de pharmacovigilance ou de soutien au medicament. Nombre de praticiens ont exprime une mefiance sur ce dispositif, anxiogene, et percu comme une surveillance du medecin. Le principe d’un encadrement du hors AMM est souvent qualifie de necessaire, a condition qu’il soit plus adapte. Il en resulte une non application ou une application incomplete du dispositif. Une revision et une simplification de la RTU est prevue prochainement dans l’attente d’une eventuelle AMM.
The Functional Role of Cognitive Frameworks on Visuomotor Adaptation Performance

ABSTRACT The authors investigated the effects of cognitive representations of movement directions on sensorimotor adaptation performance. Adaptation performance was measured via a pointing experiment in which participants were provided with visual feedback that was distorted along the midsagittal plane (i.e., left-right reversal). Performance was analyzed relative to participants’ individual adaptation gains and 3 groups were subsequently defined (i.e., skilled, average, and poor adapters). The group separation was kept for the Cognitive Measurement of Represented Directions, which was used to analyze participants’ cognitive representation of movement directions. The results showed that skilled adapters, in contrast to poor adapters, possess a global representation of movement directions aligned to the cardinal axes. The cognitive representation structure hence supports the sensorimotor adaptation performance.
A Glucose-6-phosphate Hydrolase, Widely Expressed Outside the Liver, Can Explain Age-dependent Resolution of Hypoglycemia in Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia*

A fine control of the blood glucose level is essential to avoid hyper- or hypo-glycemic shocks associated with many metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus and type I glycogen storage disease. Between meals, the primary source of blood glucose is gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. In the final step of both pathways, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) is hydrolyzed to glucose by the glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) complex. Because G6Pase (renamed G6Pase-α) is primarily expressed only in the liver, kidney, and intestine, it has implied that most other tissues cannot contribute to interprandial blood glucose homeostasis. We demonstrate that a novel, widely expressed G6Pase-related protein, PAP2.8/UGRP, renamed here G6Pase-β, is an acid-labile, vanadate-sensitive, endoplasmic reticulum-associated phosphohydrolase, like G6Pase-α. Both enzymes have the same active site structure, exhibit a similar Km toward G6P, but the Vmax of G6Pase-α is ∼6-fold greater than that of G6Pase-β. Most importantly, G6Pase-β couples with the G6P transporter to form an active G6Pase complex that can hydrolyze G6P to glucose. Our findings challenge the current dogma that only liver, kidney, and intestine can contribute to blood glucose homeostasis and explain why type Ia glycogen storage disease patients, lacking a functional liver/kidney/intestine G6Pase complex, are still capable of endogenous glucose production.
Simulation and Measurement of the Transmission Distortions of the Digital Television DVB-T/H Part 2: Hierarchical Modulation Performance

The paper deals with the second part of results of the Czech Science Foundation research project that was aimed into the simulation and measurement of the transmission distortions of the digital terrestrial television according to DVB-T/H standards. In this part the hierarchical modulation performance characteristics and its simulation and laboratory measurements are presented. The paper deals with the hierarchical oriented COFDM modulator for the digital terrestrial television transmission and DVB-T/H standards and possible utilization of this technique in real broadcasting scenarios – fixed, portable and mobile digital TV, all in one TV channel. Impact of the hierarchical modulation on Modulation Error Rate from I/Q constellations and Bit Error Rates before and after Viterbi decoding in DVB-T/H signal decoding are evaluated and discussed.
Synaptic plasticity at crayfish neuromuscular junctions: Presynaptic inhibition

Intracellular recordings at sites electrotnically near terminals of the opener excitor axon in the claw of crayfish (Procambarus simulans) show that stimulation of the inhibitor neuron produces hyperpolarizing or depolarzing presynaptic inhibitory potentials (PIPs). GABA applied anywhere along the length of the opener excitor or inhibitor axons also produces hyperpolarizing or depolarizing potentials. The amplitude of action potentials (APs) at recording sites near some excitor terminals is reduced by an average of 6 mV during presynaptic inhibition, which also reduces excitatory postsynaptic Potentials (EPSPs) by 50–70%. The time course of AP reduction equals the time course of EPSP reduction and the amount of AP reduction is independent of the sign or amplitude of the PIPs. All these data are consistent with a hypothesis that a conductance increase produced by GABA in these presynaptic terminals of the excitor axon is responsible for presynaptic inhibition. However, the effect of presynaptic inhibition upon the accumulation of short‐term facilitation of excitatory transmitter release is not the same in all muscle fibers. In some terminals, the accumulation of Short‐term facilitation during shourt, high‐frequency trains of ction potentials which are presynaptically inhibited often equals the accumulation of facilitation without inhibition. In other terminals, short‐term facilitation accumulated during presynaptic inhibition often does not equal facilitation accumulated in the absence of presynaptic inhibition. These data suggest that some other factor which may contribute to presynaptic inhibition, such as a direct effect to decrease calcium currents, may also affect short‐term facilitation in some terminals.
Characterisation of knockdown resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in Plutella xylostella

A combination of toxicological, electrophysiological and molecular studies confirmed target site insensitivity (often termed knockdown resistance or kdr) to be at least partly responsible for high and stable pyrethroid resistance in a Taiwanese strain of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Nonsynergizable cross-resistance to a range of pyrethroids and DDT, as well as incompletely recessive autosomal inheritance of the resistance trait, provided indirect evidence for the presence of kdr in this strain. A larval neuromuscular preparation was used to assess spontaneous miniature excitatory postsynaptic potentials (mEPSP) and evoked EPSP’s in response to varying concentrations of the type II pyrethroid deltamethrin. Intracellular recordings revealed a pyrethroid-induced increase in mEPSP activity and a decline in the EPSP amplitude, responses which were induced at considerably higher concentrations in resistant larvae when compared to larvae of a susceptible standard strain. These findings were supported by the detection of an amino acid substitution in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (the primary target site of pyrethroids) of the resistant strain, which has previously been shown to correlate with kdr in the housefly, Musca domestica.