Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Academic entrepreneurship in China: individual human capital and institutional context in higher education organisations

ABSTRACT Drawing on the theory of complexity, the purpose of current research is to utilise fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fs-QCA) to explore how casual configurations of academic scientists’ human capital– scientific output, previous commercialisation experience, as well as institutional context, such as organisational scientific reputation, disciplines, entrepreneurial support and culture, lead to high individual intention in engaging in spin-off creations, patenting, licensing, contract research and consulting activities. Based on the samples in Chinese higher education organisations, the results revealed no single individual and institutional determinants alone are necessary to produce high academic entrepreneurial intention, while various configurations of these determinants will contribute to enhance academic entrepreneurial intention complementarily. Additionally, the findings also suggest significant divergence of different individual and institutional factors in explaining various commercialisation activities. These findings will provide theoretical insights for academic entrepreneurship literature and also add practical recommendations for policy makers.
Age and Gender Classification using Multiple Convolutional Neural Network

Since the advent of social media, there has been an increased interest in automatic age and gender classification through facial images. So, the process of age and gender classification is a crucial stage for many applications such as face verification, aging analysis, ad targeting and targeting of interest groups. Yet most age and gender classification systems still have some problems in real-world applications. This work involves an approach to age and gender classification using multiple convolutional neural networks (CNN). The proposed method has 5 phases as follows: face detection, remove background, face alignment, multiple CNN and voting systems. The multiple CNN model consists of three different CNN in structure and depth; the goal of this difference It is to extract various features for each network. Each network is trained separately on the AGFW dataset, and then we use the Voting system to combine predictions to get the result.
A four-part typology to assess organizational and individual security awareness

ABSTRACT This article provides a four-part typology of security awareness. We argue that existing awareness typologies that distinguish problem awareness from solution awareness and that separate descriptive awareness from prescriptive awareness are on its own insufficient and need to be merged to have a complete picture of security awareness. Renaming and bridging both distinctions leads to four security awareness types: (1) Cognitive awareness of the threat; (2) Attitudinal awareness of the threat; (3) Cognitive awareness of the mitigation; and (4) Attitudinal awareness of the mitigation. Each type is subsequently explained in greater detail and illustrated by referring to the 2020 worldwide outbreak of COVID-19. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the typology is applicable to study both organizational awareness and individual awareness.
In Situ Polymerization of Olefins with Nanoparticles by Metallocene‐Catalysis

Exceptionally strong materials could be synthesized by filled polyolefins with nanosized, regid particles or fibers. Metallocene catalysts are excellent tools in the production of tailored microstructures as well as tacticities of polypropylenes. They are soluble in hydrocarbons and therefore can cover perfectly the surface of nano particles. Here multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) (diameter 15-25 nm, length up to 50 μm) were used as fillers. Before polymerization, the fillers were separated by ultra sound and then treated with methylaluminoxane (MAO). MAO reacts partially with defects and functional groups of oxidized MWCNT. Catalytically active centers are formed after adding the zirconocenes or other transition metal complexes directly on the CNT surface. The thickness of the polymer layer can be controlled by the monomer pressure and polymerization time. We obtained coatings of 5 to 100 nm. By this method carbon nanotubes can be covered also with isotactic or syndiotactic polypropylene, but also with polyethylene with any molecular mass. The nanocomposites obtained were especially investigated in regard to their crystallization behavior, which depended significantly on the matrix used.
Reinforcement of epoxy polymers with hydride-silylated fumed silica

Fumed silica (FS) is widely used in numerous fields of application, the plastics industry being one of the most significance, where FS has proved to be successful as an efficient thickening, thixotropic, and anti-settling agent, as well as reinforcing filler. Chemical modification of silica surface enlarges its functional capabilities. In particular, silica with grafted silicon hydride groups was found to be active in the processes of hydrosilylation of alkene and alkyne bonds in monomers during their polymerization, resulting in the formation of reinforced polymeric composites. Recently, specific epoxy resins have gained significance, and FS was found to be useful, particularly as rheological additive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of hydride-silylated FS (HFS) as a potentially active reinforcing component for epoxy-based polymers. The activation energy for hydrosilylation of olefins is higher than that for ring-opening polymerization of epoxides, therefore, one may expect the latter process with participation of ≡SiH groups to proceed more readily. HFS was obtained via FS treatment with triethoxysilane. The presence of grafted silicon hydride groups was confirmed by means of IR spectroscopy, and their concentration measured by titrimetric and spectrophotometric analysis was found to be about 0.4 mmol/g. FS-epoxy and HFS-epoxy composites were prepared by the corresponding filler introduction (2 wt. % loading) into the mixture of epoxy monomer and amine hardener. The resulted materials after curing were subject to compression, bending, and adhesion tests. Compression tests revealed that filling with FS and HFS reduced the compressive strength by 10%, however, HFS-epoxy composite was found to possess an increased by 20 % Young’s modulus for compression as compared to that for the unfilled epoxy polymer. Upon this, 2 wt. % loading with silicas keeps the ductility of the polymer. Also, silica-containing epoxy polymers showed an improved bending strength and bending modulus, the former being two times higher for HFS-epoxy composite than that for the unfilled polymer. The adhesion to steel was found to increase by more than 2 times upon filling with silicas, HFS-epoxy composite being also superior as compared to the FS-epoxy one. Thus, preliminary results indicate that fumed silica with grafted silicon hydride groups shows promise as active reinforcing filler for epoxy polymers.
Validity of parents’ classifications of bilingual children’s language dominance

ABSTRACT Bilingual children’s dominance can predict a variety of language and cognitive outcomes. The purpose of this study was to test the validity of parents’ classifications of 3- to 6-year-old bilingual children’s dominance against relative receptive vocabulary scores. In Study 1, the parents’ classifications of Mandarin-English bilingual children’s dominance corresponded to relative vocabulary scores only for children reported to be very Mandarin dominant. Similar results were obtained in Study 2 with French-English bilinguals and very French dominant children. We argue these results reflect well-known estimation processes and that asking parents to judge each language separately might yield more valid results.
The Dirichlet Problem for the Perturbed Elliptic Equation

In this paper, the authors consider the construction of one class of perturbed problems to the Dirichlet problem for the elliptic equation. The operators of both problems are isospectral, which makes it possible to construct solutions to the perturbed problem using the Fourier method. This article focuses on the Dirichlet problem for the elliptic equation perturbed by the selected variable. We established the spectral properties of the perturbed operator. In this work, we found the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the perturbed task operator. Further, we proved the completeness, minimal spanning system, and Riesz basis system of eigenfunctions of the perturbed operator. Finally, we proved the theorem on the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the boundary value problem for a perturbed elliptic equation.
Manganese Oxide as an Inorganic Catalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Studied by X‐Ray Photoelectron and Operando Raman Spectroscopy

Manganese oxide (MnOx) is considered a promising material for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) to replace noble metal catalysts in water splitting. The improvement of MnOx requires mechanistic and kinetic knowledge of the four‐electron transfer steps of the OER. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, a widely used tool to characterize the electronic structure of thin films, is used in combination with surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy to gain a deeper knowledge of the different mixed MnOx types and their respective change in chemical composition. Using Raman spectroscopy during electrochemical measurements, all samples were found to reveal Birnessite‐type MnO2 motifs in alkaline media at an applied potential. Their activity correlates with two shifting Raman active modes, one of them being assigned to the formation of MnIII species, and one to the expansion of layers of MnO6 octahedra. A special activation treatment leads independent of the starting material to a highly amorphous mixed‐valence oxide, which shows the highest OER activity.
Relating Climate, Drought and Radial Growth in Broadleaf Mediterranean Tree and Shrub Species: A New Approach to Quantify Climate-Growth Relationships

The quantification of climate–growth relationships is a fundamental step in tree-ring sciences. This allows the assessment of functional responses to climate warming, particularly in biodiversity and climate-change hotspots including the Mediterranean Basin. In this region, broadleaf tree and shrub species of pre-Mediterranean, subtropical origin, have to withstand increased aridification trends. However, they have not been widely studied to assess their long-term growth responses to climate and drought. Since these species evolved under less seasonal and wetter conditions than strictly Mediterranean species, we hypothesized that their growth would mainly respond to higher precipitation and water availability from spring to early summer. Here, we quantified climate–growth relationships in five of these broadleaf species showing different leaf phenology and wood type (Pistacia terebinthus L., Pistacia lentiscus L., Arbutus unedo L., Celtis australis L., and Laurus nobilis L.) by using dendrochronology. We calculated Pearson correlations between crossdated, indexed, mean ring width series of each species (chronologies) and monthly climate variables (mean temperature, total precipitation). We also calculated correlations between the species’ chronologies and a drought index on 7-day scales. Lastly, we compared the correlation analyses with “climwin” analyses based on an information-theoretic approach and subjected to cross-validation and randomization tests. As expected, the growth of all species was enhanced in response to wet and cool conditions during spring and early summer. In some species (P. lentiscus, A. unedo, C. australis,) high prior-winter precipitation also enhanced growth. Growth of most species strongly responded to 9-month droughts and the correlations peaked from May to July, except in L. nobilis which showed moderate responses. The “climwin” analyses refined the correlation analyses by (i) showing the higher explanatory power of precipitation (30%) vs. temperature (7%) models, (ii) selecting the most influential climate windows with June as the median month, and (iii) providing significant support to the precipitation model in the case of P. terebinthus confirming that the radial growth of this species is a robust proxy of hydroclimate variability. We argue that “climwin” and similar frameworks based on information-theoretic approaches should be applied by dendroecologists to critically assess and quantify climate–growth relationships in woody plants with dendrochronological potential.
Are there analogies between nematic organic liquids and stacking of di-concave discs representing assemblies of red blood cells?

A so-called discotic phase of liquids of certain organic molecules was established experimentally some three decades ago. Following quite recent work in which a single red blood cell (RBC) has been isolated in a microdroplet, the question has been raised in this Journal as to whether an assembly of such cells, each having the shape of a di-concave disc, can form an amorphous aggregate. Here, we propose that a disordered discotic phase can exist, in which a RBC is in interaction with its neighbouring cells. We also note that if, as has been proposed earlier, the shape of a di-concave disc is mathematically simplified to that of a finite length cylinder, then it turns out that Onsager, six decades ago, had anticipated such a disordered nematic phase of rods.
Tipografia Inclusiva para Terceira Idade | Inclusive Typography for Seniors

O idoso brasileiro enfrenta varios problemas que se relacionam, desde o processo de envelhecimento e suas questoes biologicas ate a organizacao da sociedade, como a Qualidade de Vida e a escolaridade. Muitos projetos tentam compensar os efeitos negativos do envelhecimento, dentre esses, as Universidades para a Terceira Idade. Um dos principais artefatos empregados nessas instituicoes sao os materiais didaticos que servem de apoio ao aprendizado. Se nao forem planejados adequadamente, os problemas fisiologicos e sociais tornarao esses artefatos excludentes. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os elementos tipograficos e apontar quais as principais caracteristicas para produzir artefatos graficos inclusivos. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa experimental com testes tipograficos comparativos em 88 voluntarios. Os resultados apontam que a escolaridade interfere na percepcao e compreensao dos estilos tipograficos e fontes com tracos com pouca modulacao e com elementos de diferenciacao sao mais inclusivos. ***** The elderly Brazilian faces several problems that vary from the aging process and its biological issues to the organization of society, such as Quality of Life and education. Many projects try to compensate for the negative effects of aging like Universities for the Elderly. One of the main artifacts used in these institutions is the teaching materials that support learning. If not carefully planned, physiological and social problems will make these artifacts excluding. In this sense, the objective of this study was to analyze the typographic elements and to point out which are the main characteristics to produce inclusive graphic artifacts. To this end, an experimental research was carried out with comparative typographic tests on 88 volunteers. The results show that schooling interferes in the perception and understanding of typographic styles and fonts with little modulation and with elements of differentiation are more inclusive.
Deep Learning Roles based Approach to Link Prediction in Networks

The problem of predicting links has gained much attention in recent years due to its vast application in various domains such as sociology, network analysis, information science, etc. Many methods have been proposed for link prediction such as RA, AA, CCLP, etc. These methods required hand-crafted structural features to calculate the similarity scores between a pair of nodes in a network. Some methods use local structural information while others use global information of a graph. These methods do not tell which properties are better than others. With an in-depth analysis of these methods, we understand that one way to overcome this problem is to consider network structure and node attribute information to capture the discriminative features for link prediction tasks. We proposed a deep learning Autoencoder based Link Prediction (ALP) architecture for the latent representation of a graph, unified with non-negative matrix factorization to automatically determine the underlying roles in a network, after that assigning a mixed-membership of these roles to each node in the network. The idea is to transfer these roles as a feature vector for the link prediction task in the network. Further, cosine similarity is applied after getting the required features to compute the pairwise similarity score between the nodes. We present the performance of the algorithm on the real-world datasets, where it gives the competitive result compared to other algorithms.
Properties of CH3NH3PbX3 (X = I, Br, Cl) Powders as Precursors for Organic/Inorganic Solar Cells

CH3NH3PbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskites were prepared by a self-organization processes using different precursor solutions. The XRD analysis indicates the formation, at room temperature, of a tetragonal structure (space group I4/mcm) for X = I, of a cubic structure (space group Pm3m) for X = Br, and of centro-symmetric cubic structure (space group Pm3m) for X = Cl, respectively. The structural analysis revealed the formation of CH3NH3Cl as secondary phase in the Cl-containing system. The morphological investigation revealed the formation of rhombo-hexagonal dodecahedra crystallite for X = I, Br, whereas cube-like aggregates were observed for X = Cl. The thermogravimetric analysis performed in air did not reveal any loss until 250 °C for X = I and 300 °C for X = Br, respectively, whereas the differential thermal analysis (DTA) detected two endothermic thermal events (at 336 and 409 °C) for X = I and one only (379 °C) for X = Br, respectively. The infrared spectra (IR) of the powders conformed to the 3-fold.
Wirelessly-Powered Cage Designs for Supporting Long-Term Experiments on Small Freely Behaving Animals in a Large Experimental Arena

In modern implantable medical devices (IMDs), wireless power transmission (WPT) between inside and outside of the animal body is essential to power the IMD. Unlike conventional WPT, which transmits the wireless power only between fixed Tx and Rx coils, the wirelessly-powered cage system can wirelessly power the IMD implanted in a small animal subject while the animal freely moves inside the cage during the experiment. A few wirelessly-powered cage systems have been developed to either directly power the IMD or recharge batteries during the experiment. Since these systems adapted different power carrier frequencies, coil configurations, subject tracking techniques, and wireless powered area, it is important for designers to select suitable wirelessly-powered cage designs, considering the practical limitations in wirelessly powering the IMD, such as power transfer efficiency (PTE), power delivered to load (PDL), closed-loop power control (CLPC), scalability, spatial/angular misalignment, near-field data telemetry, and safety issues against various perturbations during the longitudinal animal experiment. In this article, we review the trend of state-of-the-art wirelessly-powered cage designs and practical considerations of relevant technologies for various IMD applications.
Stabilization of Liposomes Against Stress Using Polyelectrolytes: Interaction Mechanisms, Influence of pH, Molecular Weight, and Polyelectrolyte Structure

Abstract This work concerns the stabilization of liposomes by biocompatibly charged polysaccharides: chitosan, a positively charged polyelectrolyte at pH <6.0, and hyaluronan, a negatively charged polyelectrolyte at pH > 2.0. The charge density of these two biopolymers depends on pH as well as the charge density of the zwitterionic lipidic membrane. The ζ-potential measurements were performed on LUVs as a function of pH for various polyelectrolyte structures. Results allow us to conclude that the interactions between the external surface of vesicles and polyelectrolytes are mostly of electrostatic origin. Then, we address the question of the role of polyelectrolyte decoration on the stability of vesicles in acidic conditions by optical microscopy observations on GUVs. It is clear that decorated vesicles are more resistant to different external stresses than the bare ones.
Compositional and textural variations of columbite-group minerals from beryl-columbite pegmatites in the Maršíkov District, Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic: Magmatic versus hydrothermal evolution

We studied compositional variations in columbite group minerals (CGM) from several granitic pegmatites of the beryl-columbite subtype in the Maršíkov district, Silesian Domain of the Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic. The CGM are characterized by distinct zoned patterns in BSE images. Primary magmatic homogeneous to oscillatory zoning is preserved in corroded crystal cores, whereas the majority of the crystal volume is replaced by secondary complexly zoned domains formed via post-magmatic processes. The primary domains show relatively uniform evolutionary trends from core to rim, generally with steeply increasing Ta/(Ta + Nb) and negligible to slightly increasing Mn/(Mn + Fe). In contrast, the compositions of secondary CGM domains indicate a reversed evolution, with: (1) steeply decreasing Ta/(Ta + Nb) and relatively constant Mn/(Mn + Fe) characteristics for CGM in the Bienergraben and Scheibengraben pegmatites, and (2) insignificantly decreasing Ta/(Ta + Nb) and strongly decreasing Mn/(Mn + Fe) characteristics for CGM in the Schinderhübel I and Lysá Hora pegmatites. Patchy zoning and secondary evolution in CGM result from metasomatic replacement processes related to fluids. These fluids are probably late-magmatic and exsolved from the residual melt and in later stages locally mixed with external Mg-enriched fluids derived from the host rocks. The presence of volatiles (mainly H2O, F) facilitated high mobility of the elements and replacement of the early CGM. Textural characteristics and compositional variations in CGM show the complex evolution of the pegmatite system from the magmatic stage to subsolidus-hydrothermal conditions.
Chitosan‐based fluorescein isothiocyanate film as a highly efficient metal‐free photocatalyst for solar‐light‐mediated direct CH arylation

Development of ecofriendly and low‐cost highly efficient photocatalysis is of importance in the field of chemical synthesis. Currently, various metals‐based organic materials, metal oxide nanoparticles, and metal nanomaterials have been urbanized as light harvesting photocatalysts for direct carbon (C)‐hydrogen (H) arylation of aryl diazonium salts and heteroarenes. These light harvesting photocatalysts, however, still suffer from poor stability, reusability problem, high cost, or less selectivity. Herein, we report the fabrication of a novel chitosan‐based fluorescein isothiocyanate (CBFITC) film photocatalyst and demonstrate its tremendous photocatalytic activity, high yields (97 ± 0.015%), selectivity (99%), and reusability to catalyze the metal free solar‐light‐mediated direct CH arylation of aryl diazonium salts and heteroarenes at ambient temperature. Moreover, CBFITC film photocatalyst can be recycled more than five times without loss of activity, verifying this photocatalyst excellent light harvesting ability and stability. The present approach to fabricate a metal‐free film photocatalyst with the suitable band gap will be a new platform for efficient photocatalytic reaction and provide a new insight into the solar chemical synthesis.