Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of community chain pharmacists' interventions on electronic prescriptions.

OBJECTIVE To measure the incidence and nature of prescribing errors on electronic prescriptions (e-prescriptions) that required active intervention by dispensing pharmacists to correct. DESIGN Descriptive, nonexperimental, cross-sectional study. SETTING 122 chain community pharmacies that met a prior minimum dispensing volume of five e-prescriptions per day in five states during July through September 2006. PARTICIPANTS Pharmacists in participating pharmacies. INTERVENTION A panel of participating pharmacists reported their medication therapy interventions using a standardized documentation protocol. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Number, type, and reason for pharmacist interventions on e-prescriptions. RESULTS Data were reported from 68 participating chain pharmacies in five states during 312 work shifts. During the study pharmacists reviewed 2,690 e-prescription orders (new, 83.0%; refill, 17.0%) and took action 102 times for an intervention rate of 3.8%. The rate at which pharmacists identified problems on new e-prescriptions was found to be nearly twice that of refills (4.1% and 2.2%, respectively). The most common reason for pharmacists' interventions on e-prescriptions was to supplement omitted information (31.9%), especially missing directions. Dosing errors were also quite common (17.7%). The most common response by pharmacists to e-prescription problems was to contact the prescriber (64.1%), consult the patient's profile or medication history (12.8%), or interview the patient or the patient's representative (9.4%). In most cases (56%), the e-prescription order was changed and the prescription was ultimately dispensed. In 15% of cases the e-prescription was dispensed as written following clarification by the prescriber. In 10% of cases the prescription was not dispensed. An additional 12% of prescription issues remained unresolved. Pharmacists required an average of 6.07 minutes to conduct their interventions on problematic e-prescription orders, representing an incremental dispensing cost of $4.74. CONCLUSION Electronic prescribing can improve the safety and effectiveness of patient care. As currently implemented in the community practice setting, this still-emerging technology maintains selected threats to both medication safety and effectiveness, although probably less than handwritten prescriptions. The adoption of selected best practice recommendations by prescribers could improve the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of e-prescribing.
Realignment of Magnetoencephalographic Data for Group Analysis in the Sensor Domain

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a neuroimaging modality with high temporal resolution for studying functional brain processes in relatively small neural assemblies on the time scale of <100 milliseconds and with synchrony and coherence in the recorded signals at high frequencies. Advanced MEG signal analysis gained importance for clinical applications, e.g., as a sensitive classifier for the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite tremendous improvements in magnetic source imaging, MEG analysis often does not require explicit source estimation and can be performed in the sensor domain. However, group analysis of MEG sensor data is complicated by variable positioning of the sensor array relative to the head and needs realignment of the sensor configuration. Here, the authors provide an algorithm for transforming the magnetic field data as recorded at various sensor positions onto a common sensor array. Based on the measured magnetic field at the original sensor position, they estimate a source distribution and projecte it onto a virtual sensor array using the leadfield description of the magnetic forward solution. First, they analyzed the variation of sensor positioning in a typical MEG study and reported the impact on the leadfield matrix. Then they evaluated the realignment algorithm and reported its properties. Including efficient regularization to the inverse solution, they demonstrated that the introduced error is in the order of the sensor noise, and smoothing of data is limited to the set of smallest eigenvalues of the data. They demonstrated the performance of the algorithm with dipole source modeling on group averaged MEG data and comparison of grand averaged auditory evoked responses with and without sensor realignment.
All Fun and Cool Clothes? Youth Workers’ Consumer Identity in Clothing Retail

Retail offers notoriously bad jobs that exist at the nexus of work and consumption. Previous brand-based retail studies assert that youth workers see the stores’ coolness and the employee discount as compensating for the low pay and variable schedules. The authors use interviews with 55 former and current young clothing retail workers to examine how they experience retail work in relation to their consumer identities. The authors find that while some workers identify with the brand, all workers criticize the poor working conditions. Workers draw on their consumer identities to understand what good service entails and sometimes to resist managers’ orders that they interpret as bad deals for shoppers. This article concludes that youth retail workers’ consumer identities do not compensate for the low pay and poor work conditions but instead help them navigate the interactive aspects of service work and find fulfillment on the job.
On data classification for female subjects with unhealthy-level visceral fat

In this paper, a method of classifying the data of female subjects taking the specific health examination is presented, using self-organizing maps (SOM's). The proposed method focuses on female subjects fulfilling the standard specified by body mass index and abdominal circumference. It defines the following data classes: the class with subjects of which hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values and item values associated with a liver belong to unhealthy levels, that with subjects having HbA1c and triglyceride values included in unhealthy levels, and that with remaining subjects. It generates the data for normal SOM learning from values of twelve items such as HbA1c and glutamic-oxaloacetic. SOM learning is made to construct the map, and its neurons are labeled. The class of data to be checked depends on the label of a winner, when the data is presented. Experimental results establish that the proposed method achieves the reasonably favorable accuracy of consistency on data classification.
Topography of rodent whisking--I. Two-dimensional monitoring of whisker movements

During 'active touch' the rodent whiskers scan the environment in a series of repetitive movements ('whisks') generating afferent signals which transform the spatial properties of objects into spatio-temporal patterns of neural activity. Based upon analyses carried out in a single movement plane, it has been generally assumed that these trajectories are essentially uni-dimensional, although more complex movements have been described in some rodents. The present study was designed to examine this assumption and to more precisely characterize whisking topography by monitoring whisking trajectories along both the antero-posterior and dorso-ventral axes. Using optoelectronic monitoring techniques with high-spatio-temporal resolution, movement data were obtained from a population of vibrissae sampled at different locations on the mystacial pad in head-fixed rats isolated from the perturbing effects of contact. For a substantial proportion of the population of whisking movements sampled, the trajectories generated by a single whisker is most accurately described as occupying an expended two-dimensional space in which the A-P component predominates. However, the whisker system exhibits a considerable range of trajectory types, suggesting a high degree of movement flexibility. For each vibrissa position, it was possible to delineate a 'trajectory' domain -- that portion of the animal's whisking space which is scanned by the movements of that vibrissa during whisking. Since the 'domains' of adjacent whiskers in the same row tend to overlap, synchronized movements of a subset of whiskers could generate a set of overlapping somatosensory fields analogous to overlapping retinal receptive fields. The organization of such trajectory domains within the rats' whisking space could provide the spatial component of the spatio-temporal integration process required to extract information about environmental features from the inputs generated by its recursive whisking movements.
Clinical and Radiological Grading of Superior Vena Cava Obstruction

Background: Superior vena cava obstruction (SVCO) is commonly caused by neoplastic venous compression and presents with typical symptoms and signs. Its clinical severity presumably depends on the degree of obstruction and the adequacy of venous collateral formation. Objectives: The development of novel clinical and radiological scoring systems based on the postulate that a reproducible relationship exists between the degree of SVCO, the presence of collateral circulation and the extent of clinical symptoms. Methods: We prospectively evaluated consecutive cases of acute and subacute SVCO with a newly developed clinical scoring system, which is based on easily detectable clinical symptoms and signs of SVCO. In parallel, we recorded and scored the degree of SVCO and the extent of collaterals visible on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Results: Thirty-four cases of SVCO were evaluated: 8 (23.5%) were clinically mild, 16 (47%) moderate and 10 (29.5%) severe. Lung cancer was the underlying histological diagnosis in 94% of cases. Radiologically, 53% had complete SVCO. A well-developed collateral system was found in 14 (41%). A scoring system subtracting a ‘collateral score’ from an ‘obstruction score’ showed a significant correlation with the clinical score (r = 0.75, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Clinical severity of SVCO depends upon the degree of SVCO and is ameliorated by collateral formation. The novel clinical scoring system can predict the underlying CT features in SVCO and may be valuable in the bedside assessment of SVCO severity.
Prognostic value of iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine imaging in patients with heart failure CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY

Prognostic value of iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine imaging in patients with heart failure. Exp Clin Cardiol 2003;8(2):95-98. Abnormalities of myocardial sympathetic nerve function were reported in congestive heart failure (CHF). To assess myocardial sympathetic nerve function, we obtained metaiodobenzylguanidine ( MIBG) images 15 min and 180 min after the injection of iodine-123 MIBG at a dose of 111 MBq and calculated the ratio of heart to mediastinum count (H/M) and the washout rates (WRs) in 59 consecu-tive patients with CHF and age-matched subjects without CHF (n=23). The plasma levels of B-type natriuretic peptide were measured. H/M ratio was significantly lower in the CHF group (1.8±0.9) than in the control group (2.6±0.4; P<0.01). WR was higher in the CHF group (38±4%) than in the control group (28±3%; P<0.01). was inversely correlated with the plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (r=–0.46, P<0.05). Eighteen patients suffered cardiac events (two deaths, 16 hospitalizations) during a mean follow-up period of three years. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that a low H/M was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with CHF. These findings indicate that the H/M ratio on MIBG imaging is a useful predictor of mortality and morbidity in patients with CHF.
Economic study on bus fast charging station with battery energy storage system

Bus fast charging station (FCS) charging power is large, the load short-term peak power and charging costs is large. Configuring the battery energy storage system (BESS) in the FCS can reduce the load peak and the distribution capacity, and can also use the Time-of-Use (TOU) electricity prices to reduce the charging costs. But the storage capacity demand is too large if configure the BESS directly, economy is not ideal. In fact, the plug-in electric bus driving behavior is regular, it can improve the load characteristics by adjusting the bus's charging strategy, and then consider the configuration of BESS. In this paper, first, the load model of the bus FCS was established. Taking a plug-in electric bus station in Beijing as an example, the charging load of the station was simulated and analyzed using two charging strategies. Then, take maximize the net income of the bus FCS system as the objective, the economic model of the FCS with the BESS is established. The economy of the bus FCS system was simulated and analyzed without and with the BESS under two charging strategies. Finally, the results demonstrate that configure BESS in the bus FCS can improve the station system economy.
Media Roles in Suicide Prevention: A Systematic Review

The aim of the current systematic review was to monitor and provide an overview of the research performed about the roles of media in suicide prevention in order to find out possible effects media reporting on suicidal behaviours might have on actual suicidality (completed suicides, attempted suicides, suicidal ideation). The systematic review was performed following the principles of the PRISMA statement and includes 56 articles. Most of the studies support the idea that media reporting and suicidality are associated. However, there is a risk of reporting bias. More research is available about how irresponsible media reports can provoke suicidal behaviours (the ‘Werther effect’) and less about protective effect media can have (the ‘Papageno effect’). Strong modelling effect of media coverage on suicide is based on age and gender. Media reports are not representative of official suicide data and tend to exaggerate sensational suicides, for example dramatic and highly lethal suicide methods, which are rare in real life. Future studies have to encounter the challenges the global medium Internet will offer in terms of research methods, as it is difficult to define the circulation of news in the Internet either spatially or in time. However, online media can provide valuable innovative qualitative research material.
Semi-automated labelling of medical images: benefits of a collaborative work in the evaluation of prostate cancer in MRI

Purpose: The goal of this study is to show the advantage of a collaborative work in the annotation and evaluation of prostate cancer tissues from T2-weighted MRI compared to the commonly used double blind evaluation. Methods: The variability of medical findings focused on the prostate gland (central gland, peripheral and tumoural zones) by two independent experts was firstly evaluated, and secondly compared with a consensus of these two experts. Using a prostate MRI database, experts drew regions of interest (ROIs) corresponding to healthy prostate (peripheral and central zones) and cancer using a semi-automated tool. One of the experts then drew the ROI with knowledge of the other expert's ROI. Results: The surface area of each ROI as the Hausdorff distance and the Dice coefficient for each contour were evaluated between the different experiments, taking the drawing of the second expert as the reference. The results showed that the significant differences between the two experts became non-significant with a collaborative work. Conclusions: This study shows that collaborative work with a dedicated tool allows a better consensus between expertise than using a double blind evaluation. Although we show this for prostate cancer evaluation in T2-weighted MRI, the results of this research can be extrapolated to other diseases and kind of medical images.
Use of the Berlin Questionnaire to screen at-risk patients for obstructive sleep apnea.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the value of the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) for screening at-risk patients for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 217 subjects who were referred to a Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery for evaluation of suspected OSA. The subjects were classified as being at high or low risk of OSA according to their BQ score. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI), body mass index (BMI), Epworth sleepiness score, and BQ results were compared in the two risk groups, and the correlation of BQ with AHI was analyzed. The predictive accuracy of risk grouping was assessed for AHI > 5 and AHI > 15. RESULTS The BQ identified 82.03% of the subjects as being at high risk of sleep apnea and 17.9% as being at low risk. Using a cut-off point of AHI > 5, the sensitivity was 83.4% and the specificity was 22.2%; the positive predictive value was 76.4% and the negative predictive value was 30.8%. Using a cut-off point of AHI > 15, the sensitivity was 89.3% and the specificity was 22.6%; the positive predictive value was 42.1% and the negative predictive value was 76.9%. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that BQ is a poor predictor of OSA in patients who are at high risk of OSA. The BQ does not appear to be an appropriate screening tool for determining the risk of sleep apnea in this population.
Evidence for functional native NMDA receptors activated by glycine or d‐serine alone in the absence of glutamatergic coagonist

In this study we have examined the effects of N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation on the release of cholecystokinin and somatostatin from rat neocortical nerve endings. The release of cholecystokinin‐like immunoreactivity (CCK‐LI) and of somatostatin‐like immunoreactivity (SRIF‐LI) elicited by 12 mm K+ from superfused synaptosomes, but not the spontaneous release, was increased by NMDA in a concentration‐dependent manner. The effects of NMDA could be prevented by antagonists selective for the glutamate recognition site, the receptor channel and the glycine site of the NMDA receptor. In the absence of NMDA, glycine increased on its own and in a concentration‐dependent manner the depolarization‐evoked release of both CCK‐LI and SRIF‐LI. This effect of glycine was strychnine‐insensitive and could be mimicked by d‐serine, a stereoselective agonist at the NMDA receptor glycine site. Antagonists selective for the glycine site or for the NMDA receptor channel prevented the effects of glycine/d‐serine; these effects were, however, insensitive to blockade of the glutamate recognition site of the NMDA receptor, suggesting that glutamate released from synaptosomes or present as contaminant was not involved. The neuropeptide release elicited by d‐serine was strongly inhibited by ifenprodil (0.3 μm) and by Zn2+ ions (50 nm), selective ligands at the NR2B and NR2A subunits of NMDA receptors, respectively. It is concluded that nerve terminals of CCK‐ and SRIF‐releasing neurons possess non‐conventional NMDA receptors whose channels can be operated by glycine or d‐serine without apparent activation of the glutamatergic coagonist site. These receptors may display the triple subunit combination NR1/NR2A/NR2B.
Word and Phrase Translation with word2vec

Word and phrase tables are key inputs to machine translations, but costly to produce. New unsupervised learning methods represent words and phrases in a high-dimensional vector space, and these monolingual embeddings have been shown to encode syntactic and semantic relationships between language elements. The information captured by these embeddings can be exploited for bilingual translation by learning a transformation matrix that allows matching relative positions across two monolingual vector spaces. This method aims to identify high-quality candidates for word and phrase translation more cost-effectively from unlabeled data. This paper expands the scope of previous attempts of bilingual translation to four languages (English, German, Spanish, and French). It shows how to process the source data, train a neural network to learn the high-dimensional embeddings for individual languages and expands the framework for testing their quality beyond the English language. Furthermore, it shows how to learn bilingual transformation matrices and obtain candidates for word and phrase translation, and assess their quality.
Implementation of C4.5 algorithm to determine hospital readmission rate of diabetes patient

Diabetes is a disease in which the body's ability to produce or respond to the hormone insulin is impaired, resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and elevated levels of glucose in the blood and urine. It can be suffered by everyone and until now there is no cure for it. A hospital readmission is an episode when a patient who had been discharged from a hospital is admitted again within a specified time interval. Readmission rates have increasingly been used as a quality benchmark for health systems. In this research, C.45 Algorithm is used to determine hospital readmission rate of diabetes patient. Dataset used in this study is taken from UCI Machine Learning Repository, which contain diabetic patient data from 130 hospitals in United States for 10 years (1999–2008). Several experiments are done to get the best result, and the best result is 74.5% for accuracy. This result is obtained by doing several pre-process data i.e. filling all missing value, using numeric and nominal attribute type, and by not including several attributes.
Levodopa gains psychostimulant‐like properties after nigral dopaminergic loss

Dopamine dysregulation syndrome shares some core behavioral features with psychostimulant addiction, suggesting that dopamine replacement therapy can acquire psychostimulantlike properties in some patients with Parkinson disease (PD). We here report strong experimental evidence supporting this hypothesis in an α‐synuclein rat model of PD. Although levodopa had no effect in controls, it acquired 2 prominent psychostimulantlike properties in Parkinsonian rats: (1) it produced intense reward on its own and in parallel (2) decreased interest in other nondrug reward. These 2 effects may combine to explain the addictive use of levodopa after loss of midbrain dopamine neurons in some PD patients. Ann Neurol 2013;74:140–144
Bartonella henselae Pap31, an Extracellular Matrix Adhesin, Binds the Fibronectin Repeat III13 Module

ABSTRACT Bartonella henselae wound-associated infections suggest involvement of extracellular matrix molecules in adhesion and invasion. Pap31 was previously identified as a hemin-binding protein. Our recent studies suggest the protein is an adhesin that is recognized by the host's immune systems. In this study we examined the interactions of B. henselae Pap31 with fibronectin (Fn), heparin (Hep), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The cloned gene was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified Pap31 protein elicited strong antibody responses in mice and was reactive with rabbit anti-live B. henselae and mouse anti-Pap31 antibodies by Western blotting. Pap31 bound to immobilized Fn and to HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner and to Hep. Fn fragment-binding assays identified the Hep-1 and Hep-2 binding domains of human Fn and in particular the 12-13FnIII repeat module as primary binding sites for this adhesin. Furthermore, Pap31 binding to the above Fn fragments could be inhibited by Hep, suggesting a common binding site involving the 13FnIII repeat module on the Hep-2 domain of Fn. Adherence of intact B. henselae to HUVECs was inhibited by increasing concentrations of anti-Pap31 antibodies. In addition, purified Pap31 coprecipitated effectively with Fn and anti-Fn antibodies. Taken together, these data suggest that Pap31 is an Fn-binding protein mediating the B. henselae-host interaction(s), and they implicate the 13FnIII repeat module as an important binding site for this adhesin on the Fn molecule. These interactions may be important initial steps leading to bacterial attachment and colonization that promote the establishment of B. henselae infections in vivo.