Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INFANT MENTAL HEALTH IN THE NEXT DECADE: A CALL FOR ACTION.

Neuroscientific, biological, genetic, and social science research in the last 2 decades is unequivocal that the first 1,000 days (the antenatal period and the first 2 years of life) and the period to the end of Year 3 of life are foundational in terms of brain development (Fox, Levitt, & Nelson, 2010; McEwen, 2008). Brain development and the neural connections formed in this early period are central to later social, emotional, and cognitive development (Sameroff, 2010). We also are becoming acutely aware of the negative impact of early nutritional deficits on cognitive development, and of the impact of toxic stress (as a result of poverty, abuse, and trauma) on how children develop the capacity to regulate their behavior and emotions as well as on the development of attention (Shonkoff et al., 2012). All of these are essential skills if children are to succeed at school. Delivering interventions in the early years has been shown to be cost-effective (Heckman, 2006) and to reduce health inequities (Marmot et al., 2008), and there is an increasing evidence base for how early childhood investments can substantially improve adult health (Campbell et al., 2014). While the scientific data have been accumulating, until quite recently, the donor and policy neglect of infancy and the early childhood period has been striking. The Sustainable Development Goals were unveiled in September 2015, without the inclusion of specific infant indicators. While there has been a relative global neglect of infancy and early child development, there are numerous nongovernmental organizations and agencies that have for decades been delivering
The curative effect of early use of enteral immunonutrition in postoperative gastric cancer: a meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION The clinical efficacy of early enteral immunonutrition in postoperative gastric cancer patients is uncertain. The aim of this study is to assess its clinical efficacy. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Use of the search engine database incuding the PubMed, the Cochrane library, Web of Science, Medline, and Embase, which present comparative studies of early efficacy of enteral immune nutrition and standard enteral nutrition after gastric cancer operation. We used the RevMan 5.3 software to meta-analyze the CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8, the length of hospitalization, postoperative complications, and postoperative weight loss. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 6 randomized control articles were included in this study, which comprised 606 patients. Among them, there were 308 cases of early postoperative enteral nutrition in patients with gastric cancer, and 298 cases were in standard enteral nutrition. Early postoperative enteral immune nutrition on seventh day of the CD4, CD8, and CD4/CD8 value greatly compared with standard enteral nutrition, CD4 (WMD=2.71, CI: 2.71~7.79, P<0.01), CD8 (WMD=2.71, CI: 2.71~7.79, P<0.01), CD4/CD8 (WMD=0.29, CI: 0.29~0.65, P<0.01). Postoperative complications occurred in patients with gastric cancer after operation (OR=0.46, CI 0.46 to 0.46, P<0.01), the postoperative weight loss (WMD=1.00, CI 1.00 to 2.82, P<0.01), length of hospitalization, and the value of early postoperative enteral immune nutrition group were lower than the group pf early standard enteral nutrition. CONCLUSIONS The treatment which could improve the clinical efficacy of patients should be considered for future management of postoperative gastric cancer.
Ontogenetic appearance and disappearance of tyrosine hydroxylase and catecholamines in the rat embryo.

The ontogenetic pattern of noradrenergic differentiation in rat embryonic autonomic neuroblasts was defined in vivo. Noradrenergic specialization was examined by documenting the immunohistochemical appearance of tyrosine hydroxylase [Tyr-OH; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; L-tyrosine,-tetrahydropteridine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating), EC 1.14. 16.2] and the development of histofluorescence due to catecholamine (CA). Tyr-OH and CA were undetectable in the dorsal neural crest or the ventrally migrating crest cells and first appeared at 12.5 days of gestation (36--37 somite stage) in sympathoblasts that had formed sympathetic ganglion primordia. Fluorescence intensity and the number of fluorescent cells increased progressively thereafter. In addition, Tyr-OH and CA transiently appeared in scattered presumptive neuroblasts in the gut. The enzyme and transmitter were first detectable at 11.5 days of gestation and thereafter decreased progressively so that, by 14.5 days, only rare cells were encountered. There was remarkable synchrony in the appearance and disappearance of Tyr-OH and CA. These observations suggest that a number of noradrenergic transmitter mechanisms develop simultaneously in the differentiating neuroblast. The relevance of these results to the elucidation of developmental regulatory mechanisms is discussed.
Low-Dose CT Streak Artifacts Removal using Deep Residual Neural Network

—In order to effectively reduce the risk of radiation exposure, low-dose CT using fewer projection views is becoming more and more preferred recently although it suffers signiﬁcantly from poor image quality. The deep learning approach has demonstrated its effectiveness in natural image ﬁeld. However, its application in medical imaging is still lacking. In this paper, we present a novel deep residual network structure to remove low-dose CT streak artifacts. Experiments using real patient clinical data were conducted to prove its superior performance
Online Monitoring of PLC Based Pressure Control System

This paper deals with the online monitoring of pressure control system using OPC servers. Here, the pressure from a pressure control system is transmitted to a Siemens PLC which is being monitored and controlled remotely by using OPC servers thereby offering a provision of debugging and changing process parameters easily. OLE for Process Control (OPC) is the industry standard that incorporates real time software technology for industrial automation and process control. Online monitoring of these parameters is accomplished using the web publishing tool.
Assessing individual interethnic admixture and population substructure using a 48–insertion‐deletion (INSEL) ancestry‐informative marker (AIM) panel

Estimating the proportions of different ancestries in admixed populations is very important in population genetics studies, and it is particularly important for detecting population substructure effects in case‐control association studies. In this work, a set of 48 ancestry‐informative insertion‐deletion polymorphisms (INDELs) were selected with the goal of efficiently measuring the proportions of three different ancestries (sub‐Saharan African, European, and Native American) in mixed populations. All selected markers can be easily analyzed via multiplex PCR and detected with standard capillary electrophoresis. A total of 593 unrelated individuals representative of European, African, and Native American parental populations were typed, as were 380 individuals from three Brazilian populations with known admixture patterns. As expected, the interethnic admixture estimates show that individuals from southern Brazil present an almost exclusively European ancestry; Afro‐descendant communities in the Amazon region, apart from the major African contribution, present some degree of admixture with Europeans and Native Americans; and a sample from Belém, in the northeastern Amazon, shows a significant contribution of the three ethnic groups, although with a greater European proportion. In summary, a panel of ancestry‐informative INDELs was optimized and proven to be a valuable tool for estimating individual and global ancestry proportions in admixed populations. The ability to accurately infer interethnic admixtures highlights the usefulness of this marker set for assessing population substructure in association studies, particularly those conducted in Brazilian and other Latin American populations sharing trihybrid ancestry patterns. Hum Mutat 31:184–190, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploration des expériences des patients en matière de fatigue liée au cancer et de leurs stratégies personnelles pour y faire face

Chez les patients atteints de cancer, la fatigue est un des effets secondaires les plus prevalents et penibles. Elle menace la qualite de vie et peut restreindre les activites quotidiennes. Des approches methodiques d’evaluation et d’intervention sont recommandees en vue de leur mise en oeuvre dans de nombreux centres de cancerologie. Avant la mise en oeuvre d’un programme structure de prise en charge de la fatigue, cette etude a ete realisee afin d’explorer les initiatives d’adaptation a la fatigue des patients atteints de cancer. Des entrevues detaillees ont ete realisees aupres de 31 patients recevant de la chimiotherapie en vue de degager les strategies qu’ils utilisaient pour composer avec la fatigue eprouvee. Les patients ont pu cerner le moment ou ils prenaient conscience de la fatigue et ce qu’ils essayaient de faire pour s’y adapter. La plupart des patients faisaient appel au repos, au sommeil et a la reduction des activites. Relativement peu de patients avaient essaye d’autres strategies. Beaucoup d’entre eux voyaient dans la fatigue un element normal du traitement du cancer, une chose qu’ils n’avaient d’autre choix que de supporter. De vives reactions emotionnelles naissaient lorsque la fatigue restreignait une activite que la personne jugeait importante. Il est manifeste que les patients doivent apprendre par tâtonnements en l’absence d’un programme methodique d’enseignement et que ce genre de programme est susceptible de les aider a composer avec les effets de la fatigue.
Energy-Aware Power Control in Energy-Cooperation Enabled HetNets with Hybrid Energy Supplies

This paper considers power control in energy cooperation enabled heterogeneous networks (HetNets), where each base station (BS) is powered by hybrid energy sources consisting of the conventional power grid and renewable energy sources. Energy can be transferred between BSs with energy loss during the energy transmission process. Transmit power, grid power consumption, and transferred energy are optimized for maximizing the energy efficiency of the whole network. The considered problem is formulated as a non-linear fractional programming problem. To solve it, we propose an energy efficient algorithm, in which the optimal resource allocation policy is obtained by using the lagrangian duality method. Numerical results demonstrate that energy efficiency is substantially improved by using the proposed power control algorithm with energy cooperation, compared with the cases where either power control or energy cooperation are considered.
Commentary: Values and Health Policy: The Case of Singapore

Health care systems do not develop in isolation. They are products of the societies in which they are embedded and of the values held to be important in those societies. There could be no better illustration of this truth than the comparison between Sweden and the United States. The commitment in Sweden to equity and to the belief in that country in the benefits of action by the state has resulted in the development of a universal, tax-funded health service in which the emphasis is on ensuring access to health care for all. In contrast, the commitment in the United States to individual freedom and the aversion to government intervention has led to the development of a market-based health care system in which choice is highly valued and inequities in access tolerated. The case of Singapore described by Michael Barr is a further illustration of the influence of social embeddedness and values in health care. A former British colony that gained independence in 1965, Singapore has attracted attention mainly because of the success of its economy. Rapid economic growth since independence has created a city-state of 3 million people in which per capita incomes are among the highest in the world. Singapore is a paradigm case of the tiger economies and has come through the economic downturn in Southeast Asia relatively unscathed. In recent times, the country’s health care system has also attracted interest because of its ability to deliver good health outcomes at what appears to be a remarkably low cost (only 3 percent of GDP, according to government figures). Singapore’s economic success is of course a major fac-
Massive hepatocellular carcinoma in dogs: 48 cases (1992-2002).

OBJECTIVE To determine clinical signs, diagnostic findings, outcome, and prognostic factors in dogs treated surgically for massive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and compare survival times of surgically and conservatively treated dogs. DESIGN Retrospective study. ANIMALS 48 dogs. PROCEDURE Medical records were examined for clinical signs, diagnostic and surgical findings, and postoperative outcome. Dogs were allocated into surgery and nonsurgery groups depending on whether curative-intent liver lobectomy was performed. Data from the surgical and nonsurgical groups were analyzed to identify prognostic factors and determine and compare rates of tumor control and survival time. RESULTS 42 dogs were treated surgically, and 6 were managed conservatively. In the surgery group, intraoperative mortality rate was 4.8% with no local recurrence, metastatic rate was 4.8%, and median survival time was > 1,460 days (range, 1 to 1,460 days). High alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were associated with poor prognosis. Median survival time for the nonsurgery group was 270 days (range, 0 to 415 days), which was significantly less than that of surgically treated dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Liver lobectomy is recommended for dogs with massive HCC because tumor-related mortality rate was 15.4 times higher in dogs in the nonsurgery group, compared with the surgery group. Tumor control was excellent after surgical resection with no local recurrence and a low metastatic rate. Prognostic factors were identified, but their clinical relevance was uncertain because only 9.5% of dogs in the surgery group died as a result of their disease.
Dynamic measurements of flowing cells labeled by gold nanoparticles using full-field photothermal interferometric imaging

Abstract. We present highly dynamic photothermal interferometric phase microscopy for quantitative, selective contrast imaging of live cells during flow. Gold nanoparticles can be biofunctionalized to bind to specific cells, and stimulated for local temperature increase due to plasmon resonance, causing a rapid change of the optical phase. These phase changes can be recorded by interferometric phase microscopy and analyzed to form an image of the binding sites of the nanoparticles in the cells, gaining molecular specificity. Since the nanoparticle excitation frequency might overlap with the sample dynamics frequencies, photothermal phase imaging was performed on stationary or slowly dynamic samples. Furthermore, the computational analysis of the photothermal signals is time consuming. This makes photothermal imaging unsuitable for applications requiring dynamic imaging or real-time analysis, such as analyzing and sorting cells during fast flow. To overcome these drawbacks, we utilized an external interferometric module and developed new algorithms, based on discrete Fourier transform variants, enabling fast analysis of photothermal signals in highly dynamic live cells. Due to the self-interference module, the cells are imaged with and without excitation in video-rate, effectively increasing signal-to-noise ratio. Our approach holds potential for using photothermal cell imaging and depletion in flow cytometry.
Genetics and Epigenetics of Neural Function: A Model

A neural model for one- or few-trial irreversible behavior learning such as occurs in imprinting is introduced. It is assumed that synaptic connections in the relevant parts of the central nervous system are initially set up in a largely, but not totally random fashion, as a result, for instance, of differential cellcell adhesion. The behavior to be learned is then sometimes exhibited, but not in a reproducible, mature way. During early neural activity, active postsynaptic neurons may, however, deliver a putative retrograde trophic factor to some of their afferent synaptic boutons. This is taken to occur according to a Hebb-type rule. At a later stage, only those synapses that have accumulated enough trophic factor are stabilized selectively. We show explicitly how this process may lead to a perfectly wired circuit. The calculations indicate that if the connections were relatively well defined from the beginning, then random pulses at the inputs suffice for this refinement process to take place. This is analogous to the maturation of neural circuits under spontaneous electrical activity (unsupervised learning). If the initial connections are fuzzy, however, well-defined patterns of activation are needed at the inputs so that selective stabilization leads to a correct functional system (the model now behaves in an instructionist mode). Experiments suggested by the model are discussed, and involve the manipulation of afferent inputs, of the initial synapse distribution, or of the stabilization phase.
Sialic acid content of erythrocytes in normal individuals and patients with certain hematologic disorders

The sialic acid content of erythrocytes from healthy individuals of different blood types and of patients with known hematological disorders has been determined. The sialic acid was completely released enzymatically with sialidase and quantitated by the thiobarbituric acid method. The sialic acid content of erythrocytes was constant irrespective of ABO blood type, or anticoagulant used; viz, 0.85–0.92 m̈moles/ml of packed erythrocytes or 46–53 × 106 sialyl residues per cell. Deviations from these normal values were obtained with erythrocytes from patients with a variety of hematological disorders. Patients with the following disorders have significantly (P < 0.01) lower sialic acid values compared to erythrocytes from healthy individuals (given in the order of decreasing sialic acid content): sickle cell anemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelomonocytic leukemia, non‐Hodgkin lymphocytic lymphoma, chronic granulocytic leukemia, acute myelocytic leukemia, leukemia, and Hodgkin disease.
Virus-like interference in the latency and prevention of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

We previously showed that intracerebral (ic) inoculation of the attenuated SY strain of Creutzfeld–Jakob disease in mice could delay clinical signs and widespread neuropathology evoked by subsequent ic challenge with the more virulent FU strain. Using lower doses of SY and FU ic, we here demonstrate that mice can be protected well into old age without demonstrable neuropathology or pathologic prion protein (PrP-res). In contrast, parallel FU only controls became terminally diseased 1 year earlier. To determine whether factors elaborated in response to SY might be part of this effect, we evaluated brain and serum samples from additional parallel mice at 90 days after SY infection and just before FU challenge. The infectivity of FU preparations was significantly reduced by mixing with these fresh SY brain homogenates but not by mixing with SY serum samples, suggesting that brain cells were elaborating labile inhibitory factors that were part of the protective response. SY infectivity was too low to be detected in these brain homogenates. Although suppression could be overcome by higher FU doses ic, strong protection against maximal doses of FU was observed by using i.v. inoculations. Because myeloid microglia are infectious and also elaborate many factors in response to the foreign Creutzfeld–Jakob disease agent, it is likely that innate immunity underlies the profound protection shown here. In principle, it should be possible to artificially stimulate relevant myeloid pathways to better prevent and/or delay the clinical and pathological sequelae of these infections.
Contribution à l'étude des surfaces d'aplanissement sur les Hautes Terres centrales malgaches

CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DES SURFACES D'APLANISSEMENT SUR LES HAUTES TERRES CENTRALES MALGACHES. - Resume. - Cet article est en fait une notice detaillee accompagnant la carte geomorpholo ique au 1/500 000 des Hautes Terres centrales de Madagascar, publiee par O.R. S.T. O.M de Tananarive. Les auteurs se sont attaches en premier lieu determiner les caracteres specifiques lies chaque niveau d'aplanissement, puis a essayer une regionalisation. En effet, d'une part chaque surface d'erosion presente des traits specifiques lies a la structure, a l'evolution morphologique et aux sols; d'autre part, on peut distinguer des ensembles regionaux dus a l'association ou a la preponderance de certains niveaux. On notera importance donnee aux cycles et reprises d'erosions recents dans l'explication des paysages au coeur meme des Hautes Terres.
Asbestos fibres detected by scanning electron microscopy in the gallbladder of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)

Gallbladders from patients affected by both malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and important gallbladder disorders were analyzed to verify the presence of asbestos fibres. Histological thin sections were analyzed by optical microscope and variable pressure scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy, allowing morphological and chemical characterization of each inorganic phase observed. Fibres of chrysotile and crocidolite, minerals regulated as asbestos, were identified. By immunohistochemical analysis, connective tissue was recognized as the incorporation site. These findings confirm that asbestos fibres can reach the gallbladders of patients with MPM, for whom the development of respiratory diseases confirms asbestos exposure.
Mycotoxin T-2 of Fusarium tricinctum and chromosome changes in Chinese hamster bone marrow.

The discovery of carcinogenic and mutagenic potentials of aflatoxins (ONG 1975) has stimulated investigations on other fungal toxins. Some toxicogenic species of the genera Fusarium and Stachybothvs growing on grain produce toxins with the potentially active epoxytrichothecene structure. Epoxytrichothecenes are potent inhibitors of protein and DNA synthesis in eukaryotic cells (AGRELO and SCHOENTAL 1980: OLDHAM et a]. 1980; UENO et a]. 1972; UENO 1977). Some of them, e.g., diacetoxyscirpenol, Satratoxin H and T-2 toxin, have been shown to arrest metaphases and reduce mitotic index in root tip cells of AIlium cepa (LINNAINMAA et al. 1979: REISS 1974). Fusarenon-X has been reported to induce RD-mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (UENO et al. 1971), and diacetoxyscirpenol has been claimed to induce occasional chromosome breaks in AlIium root tip cells (REISS 1974). T-2 toxin of Fusarium tricincrum and Satratoxin H of Stachybothrys alternans have been shown to be potential inducers of maternal and paternal sex chromosome nondisjunction in Drosophila melanogaster (SORSA et al. 1980). However, T-2, Fusarenon-X, diacetoxyscirpenol and Satratoxin H do not induce base-pair substitutions or frame-shift mutations in the Salmonella/microsome test (KUCZUK et al. 1978: PAAKKONEN et al. 1978: UENO et al. 1978). Neither do T-2 or diacetoxyscirpenol increase mitotic crossing-over in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (KUCZUK et al. 1978). Little is known of the chromosomal effects of epoxytrichothecenes in mammals. T-2 toxin is about twice as toxic as the potent carcinogen, aflatoxin B,: for mice the acute LD,, of purified T-2 lies between 3.0 and 5.2 mg/kg b.wt i.p., for