Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Searching for designs : paradigm and progress

rMost CAD systems operate within a paradigm that makes it impossible for computers to materially assist in design. Yet in the research community, the well-established search paradigm is technically ready for broader application. This paper describes design search using the devices of set theory and grammars. It constructs a model of design spaces as a framework for creating new types of systems, and argues that current professional CAD systems cannot easily adapt the search paradigm. Two approaches to systems that use design search, potentially exhaustive enumeration and spatial grammars are discussed with reference to existing research efforts. This work has been supported by the Engineering Design Research Center, an NSF Engineering Research Center, and by NSF grant MSM-8717307. UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA 15213 Searching for Designs: Paradigm and Practice
Pressure in the Canal of Schlemm *

THE pressure relationships in the anterior chamber, the canal of Schlemm, and the episcleral venous plexus are of obvious importance to the understanding of the drainage of aqueous humour. Episcleral venous pressures have been estimated by several workers (Thomassen, 1947 ; Linner, 1954 ; Bain, 1954), but so far no direct measurements of the pressure in the canal of Schlemm have been attempted. The only comparable measurement in the literature is that of Duke-Elder (1926) who measured the pressure in the veins of the circle of Hovius in the dog and found the pressure to be slightly higher than the intra-ocular pressure. It was, therefore, considered worthwhile to attempt direct measurement of the pressure relationships of the canal of Schlemm and the anterior chamber in the eye of the living Rhesus monkey, in which the anatomical arrangements are very simnilar to those found in man.
Team Approach in Mental Health Services: Generalists or Specialists?

Psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers were compared on their assessments of pathology, treatment techniques, and theoretical orientation for a typical hospitalized psychiatric patient. The purpose was to determine the relationship between treatment-team members' professional discipline and their clinical approach to a patient. Clinical discipline was significantly related to assessment, treatment, and theory. Psychiatrists favored medication, hospitalization, support, and brief, infrequent structured treatment focused on the present and external factors with an aim of social adaptation. Social workers were similar, but added types of treatment and longer, more frequent treatment. Psychologists were unique with an emphasis on psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy aimed at personality change.
Mge 1 Functions as a Nucleotide Release Factor for Ssc 1 , a Mitochondrial Hsp 70 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, 1300 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA Mge1, a GrpE-related protein in the mitochondrial matrix of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is required for translocation of precursor proteins into mitochondria. The effect of Mge1 on nucleotide release from Ssc1, an Hsp70 of the mitochondrial matrix, was analyzed. The release of both ATP and ADP from Ssc1 was stimulated in the presence of Mge1, therefore we conclude that Mge1 functions as a nucleotide release factor for Ssc1. Mge1 bound stably to Ssc1 in vitro; this interaction was resistant to high concentrations of salt but was disrupted by the addition of ATP. ADP was much less effective in releasing Mge1 from Ssc1 whereas ATPgS and AMPPNP could not disrupt the Ssc1/Mge1 complex. Ssc1-3, a temperature sensitive SSC1 mutant protein, did not form a detectable complex with Mge1. Consistent with the lack of a detectable interaction, Mge1 did not stimulate nucleotide release from Ssc1-3. A conserved loop structure on the surface of the ATPase domain of DnaK has been implicated in its interaction with GrpE. Since the single amino acid change in Ssc1-3 lies very close to the analogous loop in Ssc1, the role of this loop in the Ssc1:Mge1 interaction was investigated. Deletion of the loop abolished the physical and functional interaction of Ssc1 with Mge1, suggesting that the loop in Ssc1 is also important for the Ssc1:Mge1 interaction. Two mutants with single amino acid changes within the loop did not eliminate the stable binding of Mge1, yet the binding of Mge1 did not stimulate the release of nucleotides from the mutant SSC1 proteins. We propose that the loop region of Ssc1 is important for the physical interaction between Mge1 and Ssc1, and for generation of a conformational change necessary for Mge1-induced nucleotide release. # 1997 Academic Press Limited
Prediagnóstico de enfermedades neurológicas a través de un sistema multiagente

Resumen. Los sistemas multiagentes a traves de sus capacidades de cooperacion y comunicacion permiten resolver problemas con un enfoque diferente a los metodos tradicionales lo cual ha provocado el replanteamiento de muchos de los procedimientos medicos que hoy en dia se utilizan para la exploracion del paciente, estos pueden representarse a traves de arboles de decision y resolverse a traves de sistemas multiagentes con el objetivo de obtener un prediagnostico sustentado en el procesamiento de la informacion que los agentes perciban de su entorno.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical strain with reduced vancomycin susceptibility.

(MRSA) with reduced suscept-ibility to vancomycin (MIC 8 mg/L). The strain was isolated from a surgical wound infection which was refrac -tory to vancomycin therapy.In May 1996, a 4 month-old male infant underwent heartsurgery for pulmonary atresia. Two weeks followingsurgery, the infant became febrile and developed a purulent discharge from the sternal surgical incision site;culture of the purulent material yielded MRSA. The patientwas treated with vancomycin (45 mg/kg daily) for 29 days,but fever and discharge of pus continued, and the C-reactive protein (CRP) remained elevated (40 mg/L). Thetreatment was changed to a combination of vancomycin andarbekacin (an aminoglycoside approved for MRSA infec-tion in Japan). After 12 days of this regimen, the purulentdischarge subsided, the wound began to heal, and the CRPdeclined from 40 to 9 mg/L. The antimicrobial therapy wasdiscontinued. However, 12 days later the surgical siteappeared inﬂamed with the development of a subcutaneousabscess accompanied by a sudden onset of fever and a raised CRP level of 35 mg/L. Therapy was resumed with the com -bination of arbekacin and ampicillin/sulbactam which hasbeen shown to have synergic activity against MRSA.
LuSIV cells: a reporter cell line for the detection and quantitation of a single cycle of HIV and SIV replication.

A single cycle of viral replication is the time required for a virus to enter the host cell, replicate its genome, and produce infectious progeny virions. The primate lentiviruses, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), require on average 24 h to complete one cycle of replication. We have now developed and characterized a reporter assay system in CEMx174 cells for the quantitative measurement of HIV/SIV infection within a single replication cycle. The SIV(mac)239 LTR (-225 --> +149) was cloned upstream of the firefly luciferase reporter gene and this reporter plasmid is maintained in CEMx174 cells under stable selection. This cell line, designated LuSIV, is highly sensitive to infection by primary and laboratory strains of HIV/SIV, resulting in Tat-mediated expression of luciferase, which correlates with viral infectivity. Furthermore, manipulation of LuSIV cells for the detection of luciferase activity is easy to perform and requires a minimal amount of time as compared to current HIV/SIV detection systems. The LuSIV system is a powerful tool for the analysis of HIV/SIV infection that provides a unique assay system that can detect virus replication prior to 24 h and does not require virus to spread from cell to cell. Thus these cells can be used for the study of replication-deficient viruses and the high throughput screening of antivirals, or other inhibitors of infection.
Contribution Association of Periconceptional Multivitamin Use With Reduced Risk of Preeclampsia Among Normal-Weight Women in the Danish National Birth Cohort

The timing and frequency of periconceptional multivitamin use may be related to the risk of preeclampsia. Women in the Danish National Birth Cohort (1997–2003) reported multivitamin or folate-only supplement use during a 12-week periconceptional period (from 4 weeks prior to 8 weeks after the last menstrual period). Preeclampsia cases were identified by using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, codes. Cox regression was used to estimate the association of frequency (weeks of use) and timing (preconception and postconception) of use with preeclampsia risk. Overall, there were 668 cases of preeclampsia (2.3%), and 18,551 women (65%) reported periconceptional multivitamin use. After adjustment, regular use (12 of 12 weeks) was related to a reduced risk of preeclampsia among normal-weight women. Compared with nonusers with a body mass index of 22 kg/m, regular multivitamin users with the same body mass index had a 20% reduced risk of preeclampisa (hazard ratio 1⁄4 0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.60, 0.99). In addition, regular use in the postconception period only was associated with reduced risk, a relation that also appeared to be limited to women with a body mass index of <25 kg/m (hazard ratio 1⁄4 0.63, 95% confidence interval: 0.42, 0.93). Folate-only supplement use was unrelated to preeclampsia risk. Regular periconceptional multivitamin use was associated with a reduced risk of preeclampsia among normal-weight women, and the immediate postconception period appeared to be the relevant exposure window.
Angiotensin II infusion ameliorates the early phase of a mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis.

BACKGROUND Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system slows the progression of chronic renal disease. METHODS To test whether angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion aggravates or ameliorates an acute glomerulonephritis, the peptide was infused (200 ng/min by osmotic minipump) in rats with an anti-thymocyte antibody-induced glomerulonephritis (ATS). RESULTS Ang II significantly increased blood pressure. Following injection of the antibody, similar glomerular binding of rabbit IgG and rat complement C3 was detected in ATS and Ang II+ATS rats, indicating no differences in delivery and binding of the antibody. Ang II infusion, however, induced a significant reduction in glomerular monocyte infiltration, cell proliferation and matrix expansion in nephritic rats compared to rats with nephritis without Ang II. The antiproliferative effect of Ang II was inhibited by the Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker irbesartan, but not by the AT2 receptor blocker PD 123319, indicating that this effect was likely transduced by AT1 receptors. Norepinephrine infusion (600 ng/min) produced a similar degree of hypertension, but did not affect glomerular proliferation in nephritic rats. Ang II induced the glomerular expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p27KIP1 and of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and inhibited expression of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1). CONCLUSION Ang II surprisingly ameliorates glomerular monocyte infiltration, proliferation and matrix expansion in ATS nephritis. Ang II-mediated induction of cyclin kinase inhibitors and TGF-beta may contribute to the protection of the glomerulus from inflammatory injury by inducing cell cycle arrest and attenuating activation of local and recruited cells. Alternatively, Ang II might protect the kidney at least in part by less inflow of disease activators due to reduction of renal blood flow. Therefore, activation of the renin-angiotensin system may have protective effects in certain pathophysiological situations.
Trust Modeling in Cloud Computing

Though, cloud computing continues to gain popularity and has enormous economic gains, the perceived lack of trust from end-users accessing these resources continues to hinder its full deployment, usage and adoption. Tradition security and privacy controls continue to be implemented on cloud but due to its fluid and dynamic nature, research work in the area of end-user attestable trust evaluation of the cloud platform seem to be limited. With the nature of cloud, service level agreements are not enough, the user would want a transparent system with a traceability facility that allows the user to determine the relationship between varying trust relationships across the cloud layers, components, algorithms and applications especially at large scale. This paper presents some security mechanisms that enable cloud service end users to evaluate the trust level of various cloud services and resources. These mechanisms are evaluated based on fuzzy theory on a Eucalyptus cloud platform.
Major Qualifying Projects ( All Years ) Major Qualifying Projects March 2017 Passive Biometric Authentication via Head Mounted Display using Ballistocardiography

We demonstrate that by monitoring readings from the accelerometer and gyroscope of a head-mounted display, we are able to construct a waveform that is closely tied with the cardiac cycle of the wearer. Furthermore, we show that, from this waveform, we can then extract features that are not only consistent over time in the wearer, but also reasonably unique between different individuals. By then constructing an ensemble of random forest classifiers, we show that such a model can be used to determine if a new set of features does or does not belong to wearer. In this way, such a system can be used in an authentication context with a high degree of accuracy.
The transition to farming in eastern Africa: new faunal and dating evidence from Wadh Lang'o and Usenge, Kenya

The exploratory investigation of two sites in Kenya throws new light on the transition from a ‘stone age’ to an ‘iron age’. The model of widespread cultural replacement by Bantu-speaking iron producers is questioned and instead the authors propose a long interaction with regional variations. In matters of lithics, ceramics, hunting, gathering, husbandry and cooking, East African people created local and eclectic packages of change between 1500BC and AD500.
Modelos de formación a lo largo de toda la vida y la «sociedad del conocimiento» en Europa *

La pregunta central que se aborda en este articulo es: «? Que tipo de formacion a lo largo de toda la vida puede facilitar conseguir una “economia del conocimiento” competitiva y dinamica que tambien sea una “sociedad del conocimiento” con altos niveles de cohesion social? ». El presente articulo trata de examinar estas cuestiones mediante el analisis de los diferentes modelos nacionales y regionales de la «economia del conocimiento» y la «sociedad del conocimiento» en Europa, asi como la contribucion de la formacion a lo largo de toda la vida en cada uno de ellos. Para hacerlo, trata de manera comparada, en primer lugar, de los diferentes modelos de «economia del conocimiento» y de «sociedad del conocimiento» y, en segundo lugar, de su relacion con los sistemas de formacion a lo largo de toda la vida.
Perinatal outcome of twin pregnancies in women of advanced age.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of twin pregnancies in women of advanced age (>or=35 years) compared with women aged 25-29 years old. METHODS This population-based retrospective study compared perinatal outcome of twin pregnancies in primiparae aged 35 or older (N = 240) to that of twin pregnancies in primiparae aged 25-29 years (N = 940). Observed outcomes are adjusted for intermediate (mode of conception and hypertension during pregnancy) and confounding variables (level of education). The possible effect of zygosity and chorionicity was tested in a subset of this database, recorded in the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey (EFPTS). RESULTS In twin pregnancies, maternal age of 35 or over is associated with a lower incidence of preterm birth [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44-0.79] and low birthweight (AOR 0.75, 95% CI 0.58-0.98) compared with younger women. Differences in zygosity and chorionicity between both cohorts do not seem to affect the result. CONCLUSIONS In comparison with primiparae aged 25-29 years, perinatal outcome of twin pregnancies is more favourable in primiparae aged 35 or over.
Modeling subthreshold SOI logic for static timing analysis

A simple, yet realistic physics-based model is introduced to describe the subthreshold drain current of a MOSFET taking into account the body- and drain-voltage dependencies, including the short channel effects. This model, verified by SPICE simulations, describes adequately the pseudotriode and pseudosaturation regions of MOS transistors operated below V/sub T/. It can be applied for predicting bulk- or partially depleted (PD) SOI CMOS circuit operation. Analytical expressions derived for the logic switching threshold and delay are applied to predict the performance of CMOS-SOI inverters.
Protective Agents for Acetaminophen Overdose

Overdose with the analgesic acetaminophen is the most important cause of an acute toxic hepatitis in the United Kingdom, and its popularity as a means of attempted suicide is spreading to other parts of the world. Because of this, its mechanism of toxicity has been extensively studied in animal models. The large number of patients admitted to the hospital after suicidal ingestion of the drug has enabled the evaluation of protective agents developed as a result of these experimental studies.
Theoretical analysis on caching effects in urban vehicular ad hoc networks

Most applications in urban vehicular ad hoc networks VANETs rely on information sharing, such as real-time traffic information queries, and advertisements. However, existing data dissemination techniques cannot guarantee satisfactory performance when amounts of information requests come from all around the network. Because these pieces of information are useful for multiple users located in various positions, it is beneficial to spread the cached copies around. Existing work proposed caching mechanisms and conducted simulations for validation, but there is a lack of theoretical analysis on the explicit caching effects. Because of the complex urban environment and high mobility of vehicles, quantifying the caching effects on the VANET performance is quite challenging. We present the cache coverage ratio as the metric to measure the caching effects, and theoretical analysis is given based on reasonable assumptions for urban VANETs, through which we find the affecting factors include vehicle density, transmission range, and ratio of caching vehicles. We deduce the quantitative relationship among them, which have similar forms as the cumulative density function of an exponential distribution. We also consider the impact of vehicle mobility to predict the future cache effect on surrounding roads of the caching area. We conduct intensive simulations, which verify that the theoretical analysis results match quite well with the simulated reality under different scenarios. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Head to toe, in the head

Sometime about 250,000 y ago, primates started talking to each other (1). Before that time facial expressions and body language were the main modes of communication among primates. Even today in the presence of our sophisticated language system, face and body gestures play a major role in human communication. If someone tells you that she is not bored with a conversation but her half-open eyelids, raised eyebrows, dropped shoulders, and the way she puts her hand under her chin “tell” you the opposite, you would probably trust the ancient signal more than the modern sounds that we call words. In a recent PNAS article, Fisher and Freiwald (2) might have unveiled where in the brain such signals are encoded.
Comparison of valproate and phenobarbital treatment after status epilepticus in rats

Objective: To investigate the long-term effects of two widely used antiepileptic medications, valproate and phenobarbital, on learning and behavior in the kainic acid (KA) model of epilepsy. Background: Prior clinical and animal studies have demonstrated that phenobarbital administered during development may result in subsequent cognitive impairment. It is unclear whether these adverse effects of phenobarbital extend to other antiepileptic drugs. Methods: A convulsant dose of KA was administered to rats on postnatal day (P) 35. From P36-75 rats received daily injections of phenobarbital (PH), valproate(VPA), or saline and spontaneous seizure frequency was monitored with video recordings. After tapering of the drugs, the rats were tested in the water maze (a measure of visuospatial memory) and handling test (a measure of emotionality). Brains were then analyzed for histologic lesions. Results: KA caused status epilepticus in all the rats. In the PH- and saline-treated groups, there was impaired learning in the water maze, increased emotionality, recurrent seizures, and histologic lesions in the hippocampal areas CA3, CA1, and dentate hilus. However, VPA-treated rats had no spontaneous seizures, abnormalities in handling, or deficits in visuospatial learning, and had fewer histologic lesions than animals receiving KA alone. Conclusions: The long-term consequences of AED treatment during development are related to the drug used. VPA treatment after KA-induced status epilepticus prevents many of the neurologic sequelae typically seen after KA.
Decentralized fault detection of multiple cyber attacks in power network via Kalman filter

This paper discusses faults diagnosis method of multiple cyber attacks in networked electrical power systems. We deal with a power network of a centralized system, and then, some parameters are estimated by Kalman filter. Using a sensor network system, each of sensor nodes can exchange information by wireless communication. A fault diagnosis method is proposed by using both fault detection diagnosis matrix and fault distinction matrix. The former is composed of estimated values and observed values. On the other hand, the latter is composed of observed values and calculated values via the senor network. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by a simulation experiment.
Demographic Inference on Twitter using Recursive Neural Networks

In social media, demographic inference is a critical task in order to gain a better understanding of a cohort and to facilitate interacting with one’s audience. Most previous work has made independence assumptions over topological, textual and label information on social networks. In this work, we employ recursive neural networks to break down these independence assumptions to obtain inference about demographic characteristics on Twitter. We show that our model performs better than existing models including the state-of-the-art.
Mandan And Hidatsa Music

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