Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth and performance of Calendula officinalis L. on different crop residues

In this study, effects of various media on growth and physical characteristics of Calendula were evaluated. 20 days old seedlings were transplanted on different crop residues as media, including, Siltas control FYM+Silt (1:3), FYM+Silt (1:3) Maize crop residues and FYM+Silt (1:3) cockscomb as treatment, Completely Randomized Designs (RCBD) was applied to test the significance of treatments and means were compared. Highly significant results were found in all the parameters studied.Result showed that using maize residues significantly affected plant height (31cm) with maximum number of leaves (32) and more number of branches (15.33). The greatest numbers of flowers (15) were found in maize residues as compared to cockscombs residues. Cockscomb residues remain second in growth parameters while control has little effect on growth performance of calendula. These results lead toward better growth of production with maximum number of flowers.
Mortality in Diabetic Patients with Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy

Cardiovascular autonomic diabetic neuropathy (CADN) may carry an increased risk of mortality. However, in previous studies the prognosis of patients with CADN seemed to be influenced by life‐threatening macro‐ and microvascular complications which had already been present at the start of the study period. Between 1981 and 1983, 1015 diabetic patients have been examined for CADN (abnormal heart rate variation at rest and during deep respiration) at the Diabetes Research Institute, Düsseldorf. Thirty‐five patients (28 with Type 1 diabetes, 7 with Type 2 diabetes) with CADN have been retrospectively recruited and reviewed 8 years later and compared with 35 patients without CADN who were matched for sex, age, and duration of diabetes. Exclusion criteria for entry into the study included severe micro‐ or macrovascular complications, such as proliferative retinopathy, proteinuria or symptomatic coronary artery disease. During the 8‐year observation period, 8 patients with CADN and 1 patient without CADN died. The survival rate estimates steadily declined in patients with CADN over the whole period studied. The 8‐year survival rate estimate in patients with CADN was 77 % compared with 97 % in those with normal autonomic function (p < 0.05). Deaths were mainly due to macrovascular diseases (n = 3) and sudden unexpected deaths (n = 3). One patient with CADN died after an episode of severe hypoglycaemia. Among the deceased patients, coefficient of variation of R‐R intervals during deep breathing was significantly reduced when compared with those who survived (1.04 ± 0.5 % vs 1.87 ± 1.0 %; p < 0.05), and symptoms of autonomic neuropathy (orthostatic hypotension, gastroparesis, gustatory sweating) were more frequent (7/8 vs 10/27 patients). The mean QTc interval was not different between the groups. These results suggest a relatively poor prognosis of patients with CADN in the absence of clinically detectable micro‐ and macrovascular complications.
Applications of n-grams in textual information systems

This paper provides an introduction to the use of n‐grams in textual information systems, where an n‐gram is a string of n, usually adjacent, characters extracted from a section of continuous text. Applications that can be implemented efficiently and effectively using sets of n‐grams include spelling error detection and correction, query expansion, information retrieval with serial, inverted and signature files, dictionary look‐up, text compression, and language identification.
Title Correlation between hot-carrier-induced interface states andGIDL current increase in N-MOSFET ' s

Correlation between created interface states and GIDL current increase in n-MOSFET’s during hot-carrier stress is quantitatively discussed. A trap-assisted two-step tunneling model is used to relate the increased interface-state density ( Dit) with the shift in GIDL current ( Id): Results show that under appropriate drain-gate biases, the two-step tunneling is so dominant that Id is insensitive to temperatures up to about 50 C: With the help of 2-D device simulation, the locations of the drain region with significant two-step tunneling and the energy levels of the traps involved can be found, with both depending on the drain voltage. From these insights on Dit; Id and their relation, Dit near the midgap can be estimated, with an error less than 10% as compared to the results of chargepumping measurement on the same transistors. Devices with nitrided gate oxide, different gate-oxide thicknesses and different channel dimensions are also tested to verify the above correlation.
Multidimensional Data-Driven Life Prediction Method for White LEDs Based on BP-NN and Improved-Adaboost Algorithm

In view of the light-emitting diode (LED) and its life prediction, despite its currently wide use, IES TM-21-11 parametric life prediction method is incapable to extrapolate under multidimensional conditions (include working environmental conditions). This paper presents a multidimensional back propagation-neural network (BP-NN) based life prediction method which considers different driving currents and ambient temperatures. In this method, parameters such as temperature, electric current, initial chromaticity coordinates and initial luminous flux serve as the inputs, while life serves as the output. Since the traditional NN can easily get trapped in local minima and be affected by low precision, the BP-NN method is improved using Adaboost algorithm. The expected life predicted by the improved method is compared with that of traditional BP-NN and IES TM-21-11. The LED lamps of different power grades are compared for verification purposes. The results show that when predicting LED’s lifetime, the improved method reduces the average relative error by on average by 54% compared with traditional BP-NN. However, the improved method takes 63.6% longer to operate, which requires the users to choose an appropriate model in accordance with particular operating conditions.
Benign breast disease: The relationship between its histological features and risk factors for breast cancer

Summary Associations between histologically defined proliferative, but benign, epithelial disorders of the breast and risk factors for breast carcinoma were examined in 568 patients whose breast biopsies were submitted consecutively to the laboratory. Some disorders were associated with multiparity. Blunt duct adenosis was associated with a family history of breast cancer. Apart from a positive association with fibroadenoma, use of oral contraceptives was not associated with any proliferative lesion. Proliferative epithelial lesion changes were not associated with other aspects of obstetric or gynecological history.
Flipping Lipids: Is the Third Time the Charm?

Certain membrane-spanning proteins expel hydrophobic molecules such as lipids and drugs from cells, but just how they accomplish this has been unclear. As [Davidson and Chen][1] describe in their Perspective, two new studies ([ Dong et al .][2], and [ Reyes et al .][3]) explain how a transporter protein called MsbA expends energy and changes its organization to flip a molecule from one side of the membrane to the other. [1]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/308/5724/963 [2]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/short/308/5724/1023 [3]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/short/308/5724/1028
Quarterly advancing science and promoting understanding of traumatic stress Patient Engagement in PTSD Treatment

For patients with PTSD to derive the greatest benefit from available evidence-based psychotherapies and psychiatric medications they must be able to fully engage in their treatment. However, a wealth of published data demonstrates that a majority of service members and Veterans with PTSD are not successful in doing so (e.g., Hoge et al., 2014; Spoont, Murdoch, Hodges, & Nugent, 2010). Patient engagement in mental health services has received relatively little attention as compared to the substantial consideration given to patient engagement in the design and delivery of patient-centered physical health care (Carman et al., 2013). Below, we provide a selective review of the available literature in an attempt to describe factors that make patients more likely to engage in PTSD treatment and identify interventions that may improve patient engagement in PTSD treatment, with a focus on evidence-based treatments. Following Gruman et al.’s (2010) conceptualization, we define patient engagement as the behaviors required to achieve optimal benefit from health care. The review focuses on the three aspects of engagement most often examined in the PTSD literature: treatment initiation (utilizing care; starting treatment), retention (completing the intended course of treatment), and adherence (performing behaviors in the treatment plan). The scope of the review is adult patients’ engagement in PTSD treatment; however, due to limited data regarding civilians’ engagement, a majority of the studies reviewed focus on active duty and Veteran populations. Following the review, we evaluate this literature within a patient engagement conceptual framework and suggest future research directions.
Autogenous demineralized dentin matrix from extracted tooth for the augmentation of alveolar bone defect: a prospective randomized clinical trial in comparison with anorganic bovine bone

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the clinical efficacy and histological outcome of the autogenous tooth graft material (AutoBT) compared to that of anorganic bovine bone (Bio-Oss® , Geistlich, Switzerland) in post-extraction alveolar bone augmentation. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 33 graft sites in 24 patients were included in this study. AutoBT was used in 21 sites of 15 patients and Bio-Oss® was used in 12 sites of 9 patients for alveolar bone augmentation 2-4 weeks after dental extraction. Vertical dimension of grafted bone was measured both at the time of graft placement and at implant fixture placement after 6 months. Trephine cores were harvested for the histomorphometric evaluations during implant placement when feasible. The primary stability of implant fixture was also measured. RESULTS Infection of graft material or graft bed was not observed and graft sites healed without any notable complications in both groups. The vertical dimensions of alveolar bone increased by 5.38 ± 2.65 mm in AutoBT group and 6.56 ± 3.54 mm in Bio-Oss® group at 6 months post-extraction. Histomorphometrically, new bone formation of AutoBT-grafted site was 31.24 ± 13.87% while that of Bio-Oss® was 35.00 ± 19.33%. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) of implants placed in AutoBT-grafted sites measured 72.80 ± 10.81 while those placed in Bio-Oss® -grafted sites measured 70.0 ± 12.86. There were no statistically significant differences between measurements of the two groups. CONCLUSION Autogenous demineralized dentin matrix from extracted tooth grafted to extraction sockets for the augmentation of vertical dimension was as effective as augmentation using anorganic bovine bone. Both groups showed favorable wound healing, similar amount of implant stability, and histologically confirmed new bone formation. Thus, the results of this study suggest that autogenous tooth graft material is a viable option for alveolar bone augmentation following dental extraction.
Imperfect Symmetry of Sp1 and Core Promoter Sequences Regulates Early and Late Virus Gene Expression of the Bidirectional BK Polyomavirus Noncoding Control Region

ABSTRACT Rearrangements or point mutations in the noncoding control region (NCCR) of BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) have been associated with higher viral loads and more pronounced organ pathology in immunocompromised patients. The respective alterations affect a multitude of transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) but consistently cause increased expression of the early viral gene region (EVGR) at the expense of late viral gene region (LVGR) expression. By mutating TFBS, we identified three phenotypic groups leading to strong, intermediate, or impaired EVGR expression and corresponding BKPyV replication. Unexpectedly, Sp1 TFBS mutants either activated or inhibited EVGR expression when located proximal to the LVGR (sp1-4) or the EVGR (sp1-2), respectively. We now demonstrate that the bidirectional balance of EVGR and LVGR expression is dependent on affinity, strand orientation, and the number of Sp1 sites. Swapping the LVGR-proximal high-affinity SP1-4 with the EVGR-proximal low-affinity SP1-2 in site strand flipping or inserting an additional SP1-2 site caused a rearranged NCCR phenotype of increased EVGR expression and faster BKPyV replication. The 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends revealed an imperfect symmetry between the EVGR- and LVGR-proximal parts of the NCCR, consisting of TATA and TATA-like elements, initiator elements, and downstream promoter elements. Mutation or deletion of the archetypal LVGR promoter, which is found in activated NCCR variants, abrogated LVGR expression, which could be restored by providing large T antigen (LTag) in trans. Thus, whereas Sp1 sites control the initial EVGR-LVGR expression balance, LTag expression can override inactivation of the LVGR promoter and acts as a key driver of LVGR expression independently of the Sp1 sites and core promoter elements. IMPORTANCE Polyomaviridae currently comprise more than 70 members, including 13 human polyomaviruses (PyVs), all of which share a bidirectional genome organization mediated by the NCCR, which determines species and host cell specificity, persistence, replication, and virulence. Here, we demonstrate that the BKPyV NCCR is fine-tuned by an imperfect symmetry of core promoter elements centered around TATA and TATA-like sequences close to the EVGR and LVGR, respectively, which are governed by the directionality and affinity of two Sp1 sites. The data indicated that the BKPyV NCCR is poised toward EVGR expression, which can be readily unlatched by a simple switch affecting Sp1 binding. The resulting LTag, which is the major EVGR protein, drives viral genome replication, renders subsequent LVGR expression independently of archetypal promoter elements, and can overcome enhancer/promoter mutations and deletions. The data are pivotal for understanding how human PyV NCCRs mediate secondary host cell specificity, reactivation, and virulence in their natural hosts.
An octahedral shear strain-based measure of SNR for 3D MR elastography

A signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measure based on the octahedral shear strain (the maximum shear strain in any plane for a 3D state of strain) is presented for magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), where motion-based SNR measures are commonly used. The shear strain, γ, is directly related to the shear modulus, μ, through the definition of shear stress, τ = μγ. Therefore, noise in the strain is the important factor in determining the quality of motion data, rather than the noise in the motion. Motion and strain SNR measures were found to be correlated for MRE of gelatin phantoms and the human breast. Analysis of the stiffness distributions of phantoms reconstructed from the measured motion data revealed a threshold for both strain and motion SNR where MRE stiffness estimates match independent mechanical testing. MRE of the feline brain showed significantly less correlation between the two SNR measures. The strain SNR measure had a threshold above which the reconstructed stiffness values were consistent between cases, whereas the motion SNR measure did not provide a useful threshold, primarily due to rigid body motion effects.
Proventricular Nematodiasis in Wrinkled Hornbills (Aceros corrugatus)

Abstract Three immature Sunda wrinkled hornbills (Aceros corrugatus) were diagnosed postmortem with proventricular spirurid nematodiasis. Concurrent severe disseminated larval granulomatosis in other visceral organs was considered contributory to mortality in each case. Clinical signs of nematodiasis were vague but generally consisted of weight loss, anorexia, and lethargy. Frequent antemortem fecal examinations were negative for spirurid eggs. In these present cases, based on routine histopathology, both prophylactic and empirically based therapeutic anthelmintic treatments had no evident benefit in the elimination of the proventricular nematodes. Spirurid nematodiasis may be an important cause of mortality in young hornbills.
Remaining experiences of living kidney donors more than 3 yr after early recipient graft loss

Abstract: Living kidney donor programs, based on willingness among family members and close relatives to donate, have made it possible to perform a satisfactory number of kidney transplantations. Early graft loss in the recipient may occur and it is not known if such an event will result mainly in acute, rather transient, emotional reactions or if long‐lasting reactions may be evoked in the living kidney donor. The aim of the present study was to assess and describe the remaining experiences of donors (n = 10) more than 3 yr after early recipient graft loss or death of the recipient. A phenomenographic, interview‐based research approach was used. Five different fields or domains were identified: (i) the decision to donate; (ii) the information provided; (iii) care received at the time of donation; (iv) responses at graft failure; and (v) concerns remaining at the time of the interview. All donors expressed that they had volunteered to donate and that no stress had been put on them. The information given prior to and in connection with the donation procedure was deemed insufficient but all donors were satisfied with the medical care provided in connection with the nephrectomy and in the immediate post‐operative period. Graft failure was immediately accepted on the intellectual level by nine of 10 donors but still evoked emotional reactions and responses included a wish that continuing contact with the transplant staff had been provided. The present interview‐based study shows that it is of importance that the donor is thoroughly informed about all donor as well as recipient‐related factors including the potential risk of recipient graft failure. In case of graft failure, or the death of the recipient, the transplant unit staff members should offer contact for discussions of medical matters as well as for psychosocial support. In individual cases it may be necessary to maintain such a supportive contact channel for a prolonged period of time.
Noise and uncertainty in comparator/TDC sensor readout circuits

Time to Digital Conversion (TDC) is an efficient technique to transform sensor readout signals into digital read out output through the measurement of a time duration. It is applicable into low frequency capacitive sensor readout circuits as well as in high frequency event-sensing circuits. The choice of the measuring time affects the sensitivity range for a specific physical species and is prone to jitter (noise). The noise itself stems from the readout circuitry and from various parasitic elements. The identification of the noise origin is necessary since it affects not only the range but also the resolution of the sensor, as it appears in the jitter. In high frequency applications the thermal noise behavior of the output noise diminishes jitter as a function of the measurement time while in low frequency capacitive sensor applications, the measurement time increase in order to extend the measurement range, leads to an increased output noise as well (jitter).
Study of global motions in proteins by weighted masses molecular dynamics: Adenylate kinase as a test case

The weighted masses molecular dynamics (WMMD) technique is applied to the protein adenylate kinase. A novel set of restraints has been developed to allow the use of this technique with proteins. The WMMD simulation is successful in predicting the flexibility of the two mobile domains of the protein. The end product of the simulation is similar to the known open and AMP bound forms of the enzyme. The biological relevance of the restraints used and potential methods of improving the technique are discussed. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of a Biofeedback Therapeutic-Exercise-Supporting Manipulator

Although much equipment for physical therapy has been developed, equipment to improve the quality of physical therapy is scarce. We propose a robotic biofeedback exercise device that can display human joint torque and muscle force during training without a problematic electromyogram (EMG). The purpose is to increase the therapeutic value by understanding a person's condition during exercise and to provide an incentive to improve performance. The manipulator supports lower limb rehabilitation in the sagittal plane. With its ability to adjust the maximum speed and the time constant, the manipulator provides simultaneous and safe isokinetic exercise for the knee and hip joints. This paper describes the estimation of the human joint torque and muscle force. The display of the joint torque and the muscle force is realized during exercise of the knee joint using the developed manipulator. The estimation of the muscle force from Crowninshield's method and Hase's method generally agrees with the EMG.
A new fast 2-D superresolution imaging algorithm

A novel method is proposed for reconstructing the 2-D scattering centres of radar target, research the frequency scatter model of electromagnetic scattering, we resolve the problem by extracting two 1-D scattering centres parameter instead of extracting directly 2-D scattering centres parameter, separately estimate the 1-D scattering centres in range dimension and cross dimension using conjugate unitary Root-MUSIC algorithm, group them and attain all possible spatial frequency pairs, then the unveracious frequency pairs are eliminated by spatial filtering, achieve the 2-D scattering centres parameter.
Zohydro™ Approval by Food and Drug Administration: Controversial or Frightening?

analyzes 3 important principles of drug approval and utilization based on safety, efficacy, and medical necessity. Based on the limited literature that the authors were able to review including that which was submitted to the FDA by the manufacturers, it appears the safety, efficacy, and medical necessity were not demonstrated. In fact, the study submitted to the FDA showed a 50% pain improvement in only 48% of the patients in the treatment group and 21% of the patients in the placebo group at 85 day follow-up. This is a statistically significant result but its clinical relevance is unknown. The FDA approval decision occurring against the backdrop of the advisory panel recommendation is concerning and may result in serious consequences in the future.