Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title CMR assessment of right ventricular function in patients with combined pulmonary stenosis and insufficiency after correction of tetralogy of Fallot Permalink

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the most common types of congenital heart disease and requires prompt surgical correction. Post-correction pulmonary insufficiency (PI) often ensues in adulthood. At times, the PI is accompanied by residual pulmonary stenosis (PS). Little is known regarding right ventricular (RV) function in the setting of combined PS and PI. Purpose: To compare cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) parameters for the assessment of RV function between patients with combined pulmonary stenosis and pulmonary insufficiency (PSPI) and isolated PI following surgical repair of TOF. Material and Methods: Retrospective review of patients with comparable corrected TOF and similar PI was performed. Seventeen patients (median age, 24 years; range, 10–52 years) had combined PSPI and 30 patients (median age, 30 years; range, 6–70 years) had isolated PI. Cine magnetic resonance (MR) images (Philips Medical Systems, Best, The Netherlands) in the short-axis plane were used to calculate end-systolic, end-diastolic, and stroke volumes (RVESV, RVEDV, RVSV) and to measure RV wall thickness. Velocity-encoded cine MR images were used to measure pulmonary regurgitation fraction (PRF) by calculating the ratio of backward flow and total forward flow, obtained from the main pulmonary flow analysis. Peak pressure gradient across the pulmonary valve was obtained from spectral Doppler echocardiography. Results: RVEF was 51 8% in the PSPI patients and 39 11%, in the patients with isolated PI (P1⁄4 0.001). Additionally, RV wall thickness was 5.2 0.8 mm in the PSPI patients compared to 2.6 0.9 mm in the isolated PI patients (P1⁄4 0.001). RVESVi and RVEDVi were significantly lower (P< 0.05) in patients with combined PSPI (60 21 mL/m, 121 35 mL/m, respectively) compared to the patients with isolated PI (95 48 mL/m, 152 61 mL/m, respectively). Conclusion: RV function is preserved in patients with PSPI when compared to patients with PI following surgical repair of TOF.
Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete: A Review of Methods

This paper reviews the most common non-destructive testing (NDT) methods of concrete structures as utilized by the structural engineering industry. The fundamentals of NDT methods are explored in regards to their potential, limitations, inspection techniques and interpretations. The factors that influence the success of NDT methods are discussed and ways to mediate their influence are recommended. Reference is made to standard guidelines for the application and interpretation of the discussed NDT methods. NDT of concrete was found to be gaining increasing acceptance as a means of evaluating the strength, uniformity, durability and other properties of existing concrete structures. Perceptions of NDT inadequacy were attributable to lack of understanding construction materials and NDT methods themselves. The intent of this paper is to address these concerns by identifying and describing the most common successful methods of NDT as applied to concrete structures.
Giardia Intestinalis : An Intriguing Smile-Faced Parasite

Giardia intestinalis is a human intestinal tract parasite with trophozoite and cyst stages in its life cycle. Morphological and functional alterations characterize the differentiation process from one life cycle form to another. Giardia is a major cause of diarrhea in humans and mammals and is a cosmopolitan parasite. The transmission is due to cyst ingestion and related to poor sanitary conditions. The cyst morphology allows the cells to survive in inhospitable environments and infect many hosts. Adults and children can acquire giardiasis, but children have more abrupt symptoms, which 2 include problems in cognitive development. This parasite exhibits a number of unique structures and organelles, which provide an excellent model to understand cell evolution. Ventral disc, funis, median body, peripheral and encystation vesicles and mitosomes are examples of specific characteristics in this cell. Knowledge and understanding of the functions and cell mechaChapter 1
Testing linearity in semiparametric regression models

One of the fundamental assumptions of a basic multiple linear regression model is that the contribution of each of the model terms is strictly linear. In many cases, this may be an excessive simplification of the complicated relationships.Moreover, it may be difficult or impossible to test the hypothesized model against all possible kinds of relevant alternative models. Therefore, tests that perform well under more general circumstances are also required. This paper considers the semiparametric model, where the contribution of one of the model terms may not be strictly linear, and also proposes an exact F-test for the situation. The methodalso allows dependent error terms. The performance of the proposed test is illustrated by simulation experiments and in real air pollution and health data.
Adequacy of frequency reserves for high wind power generation

In this paper, a new methodology is developed to assess the adequacy of frequency reserves to handle power imbalances caused by wind power forecast errors. The goal of this methodology is to estimate the adequate volume and speed of activation of frequency reserves required to handle power imbalances caused due to high penetration of wind power. An algorithm is proposed and developed to estimate the power imbalances due to wind power forecast error following activation of different operating reserves. Frequency containment reserve (FCR) requirements for mitigating these power imbalances are developed through this methodology. Furthermore, the probability of reducing this FCR requirement is investigated through this methodology with activation of different volumes and speed of frequency restoration reserve. Wind power generation for 2020 and 2030 scenarios for Continental Europe network are investigated based on which recommendations are made for requirements of frequency reserves in these scenarios. It has been observed through simulations that FCR requirements reduce exponentially with increase in volume of frequency restoration reserve and remains almost unaffected by increase activation speed of frequency restoration reserve.
Antibacterial Activities of the Methanolic Extract of Bangladeshi Black Tea against Various Human Pathogens

The goal of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the methanolic extract of Bangladeshi black tea against various important pathogenic bacteria. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by agar well-diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated using microdilution methods. Extract of Bangladeshi black tea demonstrated potential antibacterial activity in a dose dependent manner against all of the tested bacteria and exhibited highest activity against two common enteric pathogens, Shigella boydii and Vibrio cholerae with MIC and MBC of 200 μg/ml and 1 mg/ml respectively. Our results indicate that black tea extract can be used as therapeutic to control these deadly pathogens. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/dujps.v13i1. 21873 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 13(1): 97-103, 2014 (June)
Detection of Minimal Set of Trips Causing the Necessity to Use Extra Vehicle for Vehicle Scheduling Problem

Vehicle scheduling problem addresses the task of assigning vehicles to cover all trips in a timetable. Minimum number m of vehicles is determined by the number of trips in the peak hours of demand (highest density of trips). In this paper, we propose an approach to detect the minimal set of trips (critical trips), such that omitting them allows to use only m − k vehicles. Results of the algorithm can be used also for increasing the efficiency of the vehicle scheduling problem, which leads to additional cost savings for the transport company. The algorithm was used for public transport vehicle scheduling in several cities within the Czech Republic and the solution stepped up the efficiency by up to 2%.
Protection Analysis: Final Report

Abstract : The Protection Analysis project was initiated at ISI by ARPA IPTO to further understand operating system security vulnerabilities and, where possible, identify automatable techniques for detecting such vulnerabilities in existing system software. The primary goal of the project was to make protection evaluation both more effective and more economical by decomposing it into more manageable and methodical subtasks so as to drastically reduce the requirement for protection expertise and make it as independent as possible of the skills and motivation of the actual individuals involved. The project focused on near-term solutions to the problem of improving the security of existing and future operating systems in an attempt to have some impact on the security of the systems which would be in use over the next ten years.
Linear and nonlinear response of Vlasov system with non-integrable Hamiltonian

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Linear and nonlinear response of the Vlasov system with nonintegrable Hamiltonian Shun Ogawa
Psychological and Physiological Acoustics Session 5 aPP : Recent Trends in Psychoacoustics I 5 aPP 3 . Differentiating between loudness and preference in the case of multi-tone stimuli

When exploring sound quality, often a high correlation between pleasantness and loudness can be observed. However, sometimes it is desirable to know to which extent other sound characteristics than loudness are responsible for a preference evaluation. In this respect multitone sounds with rich perceptual aspects are interesting test sounds. This talk will present a separate determination of preference and loudness by comparing a test sound of interest with a reference sound. Using an adaptive paired comparison the points of subjective equality (PSEs) for preference and loudness between test and reference sound are separately measured "Which sound is louder? " and "Which sound do you prefer? " by varying the test sound level in an adaptive staircase manner. The level changes affect both loudness and preference evaluation of the test sound. The results of these experiments are level differences ΔL between the test and the reference sound at which equal preference and equal loudness are reached between them. (Similar procedures have been employed to determine equal loudness contours.) It will be shown, with multitone sounds as examples, how this method reliably differentiates between loudness and preference.
Ibogaine Modifies GDNF, BDNF and NGF Expression in Brain Regions Involved in Mesocorticolimbic and Nigral Dopaminergic Circuits

Ibogaine is a psychedelic alkaloid which has been subject of intense scientific research due to its reported ability to attenuate drug-seeking behavior. Recent work suggested that ibogaine effects on alcohol self-administration in rats was related to the release of Glial Cell Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) in the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA), a mesencephalic region which hosts soma of dopamine neurons. It is well known that neurotrophic factors (NFs) mediate the neuroadaptations induced in the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system by repeated exposure to drugs. Although previous reports have shown ibogaine´s ability to induce GDNF expression in rat midbrain, there are no studies addressing its effect on the expression of GDNF, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) or Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in distinct regions containing dopaminergic neurons. In this work, we examined the effect of ibogaine acute administration on the expression of these NFs in the VTA, Prefrontal Cortex (PFC), Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) and the Substantia Nigra (SN). Thus, rats were i.p. treated with ibogaine 20 mg/kg (I20), 40 mg/kg (I40) or vehicle, and NFs expression was analyzed after 3 and 24 hours. Only at 24 h an increase of the expression for the three NFs were observed in a site and dose dependent manner. Results for GDNF showed that only I40 selectively upregulated its expression in the VTA and SN. Both doses of ibogaine elicited a large increase in the expression of BDNF in the NAcc, SN and PFC, while a significant effect was found in the VTA only for I40. Finally, NGF was found to be upregulated in all regions after I40, while a selective upregulation was found in PFC and VTA for the I20 treatment. An increase in the content of mature GDNF was observed in the VTA but no significant increase in the mature BDNF protein content was found in all the studied areas. Interestingly, an increase in the content of proBDNF was detected in the NAcc for both treatments. Further research is needed to understand the neurochemical bases of these changes, and to confirm their contribution to the anti-addictive properties of ibogaine.
Microbial profiling of cpn 60 universal target sequences in artificial mixtures of vaginal bacteria sampled by nylon swabs or self-sampling devices under different storage conditions

Please cite this article as: John J. Schellenberg, Angela Yena Oh, Janet E. Hill , Microbial profiling of cpn60 universal target sequences in artificial mixtures of vaginal bacteria sampled by nylon swabs or self-sampling devices under different storage conditions. The address for the corresponding author was captured as affiliation for all authors. Please check if appropriate. Mimet(2017), doi: 10.1016/j.mimet. 2017.03. 003
Multiscale Molec

We provide a high-level survey of multiscale molecular visualization techniques, with a focus on applicationdomain questions, challenges, and tasks. We provide a general introduction to molecular visualization basics and describe a number of domain-specific tasks that drive this work. These tasks, in turn, serve as the general structure of the following survey. First, we discuss methods that support the visual analysis of molecular dynamics simulations. We discuss, in particular, visual abstraction and temporal aggregation. In the second part, we survey multiscale approaches that support the design, analysis, and manipulation of DNA nanostructures and related concepts for abstraction, scale transition, scale-dependent modeling, and navigation of the resulting abstraction spaces. In the third part of the survey, we showcase approaches that support interactive exploration within large structural biology assemblies up to the size of bacterial cells. We describe fundamental rendering techniques as well as approaches for element instantiation, visibility management, visual guidance, camera control, and support of depth perception. We close the survey with a brief listing of important tools that implement many of the discussed approaches and a conclusion that provides some research challenges in the field. © 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Crystal structure of superhydrous B , a hydrous magnesium silicate synthesized at 1400 ' C and 20 GPa

A unique magnesium silicate, Mg,oSirO,o(OH)0, is the first hydrous phase found to be stable at 20 GPa and 1400 'C. Superhydrous B crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnnm with lattice parameters a: 5.0894(6) A, b : 13.968(7) A, and c : 8.6956(2) A. Examination of the crystal structure indicates that superhydrous B is part of a series related by crystallographic shear performed on an olivine-type structure. The series includes previously described phases, B and anhydrous B, which are stable at lower temperatures and pressures. Superhydrous B, which would exist between 500 and 600 km, provides a possible vehicle for transport of HrO to this depth in the Earth. The dehydration of this material may have far-reaching implications for mantle processes.
mD-Track: Leveraging Multi-Dimensionality for Passive Indoor Wi-Fi Tracking

Wi-Fi localization and tracking face accuracy limitations dictated by antenna count (for angle-of-arrival methods) and frequency bandwidth (for time-of-arrival methods). This paper presents mD-Track, a device-free Wi-Fi tracking system capable of jointly fusing information from as many dimensions as possible to overcome the resolution limit of each individual dimension. Through a novel path separation algorithm, mD-Track can resolve multipath at a much finer-grained resolution, isolating signals reflected off targets of interest. mD-Track can localize human passively at a high accuracy with just a single Wi-Fi transceiver pair. mD-Track also introduces novel methods to greatly streamline its estimation algorithms, achieving real-time operation. We implement mD-Track on both WARP and cheap off-the-shelf commodity Wi-Fi hardware, and evaluate its performance in different indoor environments.
A Network Reduction Method Inducing Scale-Free Degree Distribution

This paper deals with the problem of graph reduction towards a scale-free graph while preserving a consistency with the initial graph. This problem is formulated as a minimization problem and to this end we define a metric to measure the scale-freeness of a graph and another metric to measure the similarity between two graphs with different dimensions, based on spectral centrality. We also want to ensure that if the initial network is a flow network, the reduced network preserves this property. We explore the optimization problem and, based on the gained insights, we derive an algorithm allowing to find an approximate solution. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is shown through a simulation on a Manhattan-like network.
Preparation and characterization of metal nanoparticles af

Silver and old nanoparticles are of great interest because of their unique properties, both catalytic and optical, which differ greatly from those of the bulk metals. The particles can be used to enhance imaging techniques in medical and research situations, improve the efficiency of reactions and reduce the amount of material needed in different products. The properties of nanoparticles depend on their size and shape, and so it would be very useful to be able to control both of these properties in the fabrication process. An understanding of the stability of the particles and their sensitivity to light is also essential if they are to be used widely. Simple chemical procedures already exist to produce both silver and gold nanoparticles, using sodium citrate to reduce salts of the metals. Additionally, it has recently been proposed that silver nitrate can be reduced in a microwave oven without additional reducing agent. This is useful because the particles produced in this manner are purer and less contaminated than those produced via chemical reduction. Therefore, in this paper we want to explore the parameters which govern the products formed from the reduction process with citrate as well as study the effect of microwaves on the reduction process. We will attempt to verify the possibility of producing silver nanoparticles without reducing agents. The stability of the nanoparticles produced will also be tested. Our studies show that the ratio between sodium citrate and the metal ions is the crucial parameter in controlling the size of the nanoparticles produced via chemical reduction. By varying this, particles of sizes ranging from 8 to 50 nm have been produced. The nanoparticles produced in this manner are stable over time and retain their properties over the course of four months. We were not able to reproduce the results in which silver nanoparticles were produced in a microwave without additional reducing agent. Using the microwave oven as source of heat was a success, as this heating was faster and more localized than heating on a hot plate. The nanoparticles produced were characterized in terms of their optical and structural properties, by analyzing the Brownian motion of the particles in solution and their extinction spectrum. The technique used to obtain the size of gold nanoparticles from their extinction spectrum proved very reliable and was in close agreement with the results obtained from the Brownian motion measurements.
The Importance of Regulatory T Cells for the Tolerance Maintaining After Liver Transplantation

In some cases, spontaneous inhibition of immunological reactivity in transplantation, which is responsible for the graft rejection, has been observed, a phenomenon mediated by a specific T cell population defined as regulatory T cells (Tregs). This mini-review discusses the impact of Treg cells on the in initiation and maintenance of operational tolerance after liver transplantation, the Treg cells as a biomarker for post-transplantation tolerance assessment, and the novel approach of adoptive transfer of Treg cells after liver transplantation. Currently, the data are limited and do not allow for extensive comments. However, by virtue of the immunological background, Tregs are promising as diagnosing and therapeutic application that gives hope for successful liver transplantation.
Could Sputum Eosinophilia Act as a Predictive Test for Diagnosis of High Risk Bakery Workers to Asthma

Background: Occupational flour inhalation has been a culprit in the start of several pulmonary diseases such as asthma. We examined the relationship between occupational wheat flour inhalation in bakery and supermarket employees with pulmonary functions, respiratory symptoms, and sputum eosinophilia to determine hyper-responsiveness in a cross-sectional study in Iran. Methods: 122 subjects from traditional bakeries and 137 subjects from supermarket employees were enrolled in the study. Flour exposure concentrations, respiratory signs, sputum analysis, and respiratory volumes and capacities were measured based on the standard methods. Results: Respirable concentration of flour in the bakery workers was two- to four-fold of ACGIH’s threshold limit value in which bread-bakers with 2.2 mg/m3 experienced maximum exposures. The supermarket employees were not exposed to flour dust. The respiratory volumes in both bakery and supermarket employees were in the normal range. However, the median of voluminal percentage in bakery workers except Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) decreased (p p < 0.05). In addition, we observed increased respiratory symptoms in the bakery workers, again more prevalent in the bread-bakers. There was a significant correlation between flour exposure concentration and sputum eosinophilia in which the percentage of eosinophilia in the bread-bakers was more than other bakery and supermarket employees. Although there were reductions in the respiratory volumes, the results indicated no obstructive spirometric pattern. Conclusions: Sputum eosinophilia might be a suitable screening method to detect airway hyper-responsiveness in workers exposed to known asthmogens.
Optimal Allocation of Programmatic Video Advertising Inventory

This article examines how a campaign manager can best allocate the inventory of programmatic video advertising on the Internet. Publishers, such as cnn.com, have different inventory spots that they make available via different purchasing methods, such as Open Exchange, Private Marketplace and YouTube, which have different costs and performance metrics. The goal of our linear programming model is to identify the optimal mix of inventory that satisfies thresholds for several campaign key performance indicators. In particular, we find the inventory mix that minimizes the cost per completed view subject to constraints on overall viewability and completion rates. The optimal allocation based on actual 2016 campaign data could have reduced the cost per completed view by more than 7%, potentially reducing actual total campaign costs by more than $1.5 million. We also present sensitivity analyses that could be useful for managers trying to set the parameters of their campaigns.