Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Controversial Timing for the Arrival in Australia of the Boab ( Adansonia gregorii )

The Australian baobab, or Boab, (Adansonia gregorii), is mysteriously separated 18 from the remaining 8 African and Madagascan species in its genus by the Indian Ocean. 19 Information about the time of the Boab’s arrival in Australia was sought using the 20 molecular genetics of the nITS gene in 220 Boabs sampled from their complete distribution 21 across the Kimberley. nITS substitutions had limited diversity (0.36%), in keeping with the 22 “young” genetics shown by DNA microsatellites in another study. There were more 23 substitutions in NW trees compared with those at the Eastern limit of its distribution 24 around the Victoria River, which are presumed to be more recent. Coalescence time and 25 divergence time could be based on reliable data concerning the range of nITS substitutions 26 in the Boab and their divergence from the African baobab sister species, but these 27 estimations had a stumbling block:there is no reliable estimate of the mutation rate for 28 the nITS gene of the Boab. Earlier publications made the assumption that the mutation 29 rate for the Boab was the same as that of its African sister taxon (Adansonia digitata). This 30 risky assumption gives a divergence time of 2.4 Ma that is discrepant with other studies, 31 such as microsatellites, that indicate a much younger age. This assumption also overlooks 32 the completely different ecology and pollination of the Boab compared to its African sisters, 33 as well as the known lack of any phylogenetic correlation for nITS mutation rate. In 34 contrast to the assumption of equality between African and Australian mutation rates, 35 three lines of qualitative and quantitative evidence refute this assumption and indicate that 36 the Boab is an outlier with a very high mutation rate. Time dependence of mutation rate 37 predicts an elevated mutation rate as does Yang’s relative rate test of mutation rate. A 38 quantitative. phylogenetic study of nITS in all 9 baobab species, with an appropriate 39 outgroup, shows that all Boab samples have branch lengths that are 18X longer than any 40 other baobab species in the phylogeny. Combined with the base mutation rate of 2.5 x 10 41 substitutions/site/year, this gives a new estimate of the Boab mutation rate of 45 x 10 42 substitutions/site /year. 43 The new estimate of mutation rate gives a coalescence time and a divergence time of 44 around 72 Ka, in line with the Toba mega-eruption that marked the beginning of modern 45 human migrations out of Africa, one of which may have brought a Boab progenitor to 46 Australia. 47 48
Efisiensi Tular Benih Squash mosaic virus pada Cucurbitaceae Seed Transmission Efficiency of Squash mosaic virus on Cucurbitaceae

Infeksi virus pada tanaman Cucurbitaceae dapat menyebabkan kegagalan panen dan kerugian ekonomi yang tinggi. Salah satu virus utama yang terbawa benih tanaman Cucurbitaceae ialah Squash mosaic virus (SqMV). Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi keberadaan beberapa virus pada tanaman Cucurbitaceae dan menguji efisiensi tular benih SqMV. Deteksi Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), SqMV, Watermelon mosaic virus-2 (WMV-2), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), dan Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) pada sampel daun dan benih Cucurbitaceae dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Indirect-ELISA. Infeksi CMV, SqMV, dan ZYMV terdeteksi pada sampel daun dari lapangan. Persentase SqMV tertular melalui benih komersial oyong, semangka, zucchini, kabocha, mentimun, dan melon berturut-turut adalah 13, 13, 33, 73, 100, dan 100%. Infeksi ZYMV hanya ditemukan pada benih oyong dan zucchini berturut-turut sebanyak 13% dan 27%. Infeksi SqMV terbawa benih keturunan kedua (F2) ditemukan pada biji mentimun, oyong, dan melon berturut-turut 93, 100, dan 100% benih. Status SqMV sebagai organisme pengganggu tumbuhan karantina A1 perlu ditinjau kembali karena SqMV telah ditemukan di Jawa Barat. Kata kunci: Cucumber mosaic virus, indirect-ELISA, Zucchini yellow mosaic virus
System identification of atrial activation during chronic atrial fibrillation in man

To further clarify the mechanisms maintaining chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF), a method for system identification of activation patterns of the atria was developed. Data were obtained as repeated recordings of 8 s duration, each of 56 atrial bipolar electrograms, simultaneously acquired during open-heart surgery at multiple sites in the right atrial free wall in 12 patients with stable sinus rhythm (SR) and during artificial pacing and 16 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). Realization theory was applied to fit and reproduce the multivariate electrograms corresponding to individual beats during SR and type I activations during AF, respectively-in all cases and for all subjects tested with good accuracy. The local electrogram was a predictable signal in all cases tested and the proposed method may be used for further investigations concerning the deterministic and predictive nature of atrial activation during atrial fibrillation.
Crescimento de mudas de mamoeiro em condições controladas com água salina Growth of papaya under irrigation with saline water

Given the socio-economic and dietary importance of papaya in the northeastern region, where waters with naturally high levels of salts occur, aimed to evaluate the growth of papaya seedlings in a greenhouse under irrigation with saline water. In this sense, an experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions at the Federal University of Campina Grande, UFCG , Campus de Pombal, where PB were studied, five levels of salinity of irrigation water in a cultivar of papaya ( Tainung - 1 ). The experimental design was randomized, and the experimental unit consists of four useful plants ; the papaya seedlings were formed in plastic bags of 500 ml volume; evaluated the growth and dry mass of the shoots. Being submitted to the variables F- test, and performing analyzes of polynomial for the salinity of the water factor regression. Therefore; Salinity reduces growth of papaya seedlings; The plant height and stem diameter was affected with a unit increase in water salinity; The variable that best expresses the effect of salinity on papaya seedlings is dry mass of the aerial part, for having further reduction with unit increase in salinity.
Complicaciones posquirúrgicas del implante coclear 8 años de experiencia

This written work includes various topics covering the Otolaryngology. Includes original papers presented in Ecuadorian Congresses of the specialty, and their respective publications in national and international medical journals indexed; as well as various issues presented in National Congresses as a contribution to the formation of General Practitioners. The Scientific Publications (3) include two original papers and a report of clinical cases about topics of interest and scientific relevance, based on the casuistry of the Department of Otolaryngology in Carlos Andrade Marin Hospital. The first original paper entitled "Postoperative complications of cochlear implant: 8 years of experience" sums up our experience in this kind of surgery performed exclusively in the Carlos Andrade Marin Hospital, within the Insured Benefits Program of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security. This work was exhibited at the "XIII Ecuadorian Congress of Otolaryngology, V Ecuadorian Congress of Rhinology and Facial Surgery, Second Meeting of the American and Ecuadorian Academies of Otolaryngology " in March 2014. It was subsequently submitted to the Editorial Committee of the Medical Journal in the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), and it was accepted for publication in the Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2015:53(6). (In Press). The second original paper entitled: "Indications and Complications of Adenoidectomy and Tonsillectomy at the Carlos Andrade Marin Hospital", covers the surgical criteria that we handle as a Service and the complications presented in these surgeries. Its relevance is that these surgeries are being conducted in the Carlos Andrade Marin Hospital just since 2009 in the pediatric population, by the increasing in the medical coverage. This topic was presented at the "XII National Congress of Otolaryngology" in November 2012; and it was published in Cambios Journal 2015; 14 (25): 47. This Medical Journal is the Official Scientific Publication of Carlos Andrade Marin Hospital in the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security in Quito.
Bloqueo del compartimiento del psoas

El advenimiento de la neuroestimulación y la ultrasonografía como avances de la anestesia regional han permitido el perfeccionamiento de la localización nerviosa tanto en el plexo braquial, lumbar y sacro. En la cirugía de la extremidad inferior puede realizarse con diversas técnicas anestésicas, desde bloqueo peridural, subaracnoideo o bloqueo de nervios periféricos con una mayor ventaja sobre la anestesia general. La inervación de la extremidad inferior se encuentra muy separada, a diferencia de la extremidad superior, por lo cual es necesaria la combinación de bloqueos diferentes (al menos dos) para producir anestesia en toda la extremidad. El bloqueo del plexo lumbar proporciona anestesia y analgesia de casi toda la extremidad, proporcionando un mejor control del dolor postoperatorio y un mayor control hemodinámico. La anestesia selectiva de sus cinco nervios principales (nervio femoral o crural, nervio obturador, nervio femorocutáneo lateral, nervio ciático y nervio genito-femoral) de los cuales cuatro, pueden ser bloqueados en abordajes posteriores (Compartimento del psoas o plexo lumbar). El presente artículo muestra una revisión anatómica, de técnicas y localización del plexo por neuroestimulación y ultrasonografía tanto en el paciente adulto como pediátrico.
Development and Preclinical Characterization of an Fc-Optimized CD133 Antibody for Induction of NK Cell Reactivity Against Myeloid Leukemia

NK cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that play a major role in anti-tumor immunity and largely contribute to the efficacy of allogenic stem cell transplantation (SCT) in leukemia. Another clinically important feature of NK cells is their ability to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) upon application of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) like Rituximab, a feature considered critical for the therapeutic success of antibody treament. Modifications of the human IgG1 Fc-part in anti-tumor antibodies lead to markedly improved capability to recruit Fc-receptor bearing effector cells as highlighted by the improved clinical efficacy of the Fc-engineered CD20 antibody Ofatumumab as compared to its unmodified counterpart Rituximab in CLL. So far, no immunotherapeutic antibodies are available for the treatment of myeloid leukemias. Here we report on the development and preclinical characterization of an Fc-optimized mAb directed towards CD133, which is expressed on a wide variety of malignant cell types. As a first step we evaluated binding of three different mouse anti-human CD133 mAbs (clones AC133, W6B3 and 293C3) to 20 primary AML and 6 primary CML samples in order to identify a clone with optimal binding characteristics. AC133 and W6B3 comparably bound to the leukemic cells in 11/20 AML and 5/6 CML samples. In contrast, binding of 293C3 was observed in 18/20 AML cases and 5/6 CML cases. Thus, 293C3 recognizes a different epitope than the other two antibody clones, which is expressed in a high proportion of myeloid leukemia cases. Accordingly, 293C3 was selected for generating chimeric mAbs with either a wildtype Fc part (293C3-WT) or a variant containing distinct modifications (S239D/I332E) to enhance its affinity to the activating Fc receptor CD16 (293C3-SDIE). The binding specificity of 293C3-WT and 293C3-SDIE was validated by FACS in analyses with CD133 transfectants and mock controls. When comparing 293C3-WT and 293C3-SDIE with regard to their immunostimulatory properties, we found that already 293C3-WT induced NK cell ADCC against primary leukemia cells as revealed by analyses of degranulation and target cell lysis. These effects were by far exceeded by treatment with 293C3-SDIE, confirming the functional relevance of the SDIE modification in its Fc part. Notably, treatment with 293C3-SDIE also enhanced the reactivity of NK cells against CD133-positive AML cells in an autologous setting. Considering the expression of CD133, among others, on healthy hematopoietic progenitor cells, we further performed colony forming unit assays with healthy bone marrow cells, which did not reveal any toxicity of 293C3-SDIE at the level of committed hematopoietic progenitor cells. Thus, 293C3-SDIE constitutes an attractive immunotherapeutic compound which we envisage in particular for the elimination of minimal residual disease in CD133 bearing leukemia, especially in the context of allogenic SCT. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
THE DESK CRITIQUE: ASSESSING THE ROLE OF TEACHING STYLES IN THE COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS

The authors are solely responsible for the content of this technical presentation. The technical presentation does not necessarily reflect the official position of the Council of Educators in Landscape Architecture (CELA), and its printing and distribution does not constitute an endorsement of views which may be expressed. Citation of this work should state that it is from a CELA conference paper. EXAMPLE: Author's Last Name, Initials. 2017. Title of Paper. Beijing, China: CELA. For information about securing permission to reprint or reproduce this paper, please contact CELA at thecela.org@gmail.com THE DESK CRITIQUE: ASSESSING THE ROLE OF TEACHING STYLES IN THE COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS
Tamponada serca jako pierwszy objaw kliniczny raka płuca

Najczestsz± przyczyn± wysieku nowotworowego w osierdziu prowadz±cego do tamponady serca s± guzy przerzutowe, zw³aszcza przerzuty raka p³uc o typie adenocarcinoma , bardzo rzadko wywo³uj± j± nowotwory pierwotne ( mesothelioma ). Tamponada serca zwykle jest konsekwencj± uogolnionego procesu nowotworowego, bardzo rzadko pierwszym objawem klinicznym choroby rozrostowej. Wyst±pienie jej ¶wiadczy o zaawansowanym stadium choroby i jest niekorzystnym czynnikiem prognostycznym. W leczeniu stosuje sie perikardiocenteze, perikardiotomie, doosierdziowe podanie chemioterapeutykow oraz radioterapie. Mimo to ¶redni czas prze? ycia od momentu postawienia diagnozy wynosi od 7 dni do 12 miesiecy. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono przypadek 69-letniego pacjenta, u ktorego tamponada serca by³a pierwsz± manifestacj± rozsianej choroby nowotworowej. Onkol. Prak. Klin. 2011; 7, 1: 37–39
Transplantation in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration: past, present and future directions

This review aims to cover the transplant procedures that have been developed and investigated as potential treatments for age-related macular degeneration. The choice of transplant materials that will be discussed ranges from isolated cells (including stem cells, iris pigment epithelial cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells) to monolayers of cells on artificial or nonartificial substrates and also to whole patches of tissue (e.g., fetal retina, full-thickness patch grafts and macular relocation). Finally, we will address the current and future technologies and questions that need to be addressed in order that transplant procedures can have an effective role in the treatment of patients with age-related macular degeneration.
Translanguaging and Literacies

The authors trace the development of the concept of translanguaging, focusing on its relation to literacies. The authors describe its connection to literacy studies, with particular attention to bi/multilingual reading and writing. Then, the authors present the development of translanguaging as a sociolinguistic theory, discuss its formulations, and describe what is unique about translanguaging: its beginnings and grounding in educational practice and attention to the performances of multilinguals. The authors argue that multilingualism and bi/multiliteracies cannot be fully understood as simply the use of separate conventionally named languages or separate modes. Instead, translanguaging in literacies focuses on the actions of multilingual readers and writers, which go beyond traditional understandings of language, literacy, and other concepts, such as bi/multilingualism and bi/multilingual literacy. The authors show how multilinguals do language and literacy and how they do so in school. The authors review case studies that demonstrate how a translanguaging literacies framework is used to deepen multilingual students’ understandings of texts, generate students’ more diverse texts, develop students’ sense of confianza (confidence) in performing literacies, and foster critical metalinguistic awareness. The authors end by discussing implications for literacy pedagogy, as well as literacy research, that centers multilingual students. Almost a quarter century ago, the New London Group (1996) published what has become a manifesto of transformed literacy pedagogy—a pedagogy of multiliteracies consisting of situated practice, overt instruction, critical framing, and transformed practice. The scholars associated with the New London Group (see also Cope & Kalantzis, 2000) argued that the multiplicity of new communication channels, as well as the increasing cultural and linguistic diversity in the world, meant that literacy had to be viewed in ways that went beyond traditional languagebased approaches. It is significant, however, that despite the authors’ emphases on linguistic and cultural differences, and the impact that this has had in the field of literacy in general, little subsequent work by researchers and educators has addressed the multilingual1 aspect of multiliteracies. Instead, research has focused on the shift from studying literacy to literacies and from the linguistic modes alone to an increased preoccupation in the age of new media with other meaning-making modes, such as vision, sound, and gesture. Despite the New London Group’s support for learners’ multiple languages, subsequent research and pedagogy has turned its gaze away from multilingual readers, writers, and texts. The multilingual was largely excluded from the multimodal (Kleifgen, 2013). Although work quickly Ofelia García Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, USA
Effect of environmental enrichment on the behavior production parameters and immune response in broilers

THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO ASSESS THE EFFECT OF 4 WAYS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT ON THE BEHAVOIR, PRODUCTION AND HEALTH OF 220 BROILERS DIVIDED IN TO FIVE TREATMENTS: BATH DUSTING BOX, TOYS AND ALFALFA, PERCHES, A COMBINATION, AND THE CONTROL ONE. INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOREVENTS WERE MEASURED AND RELATED TO PRODUCTION PARAMETERS SUCH AS LIVE BODY WEIGHT, FOOD EFFICIENCY AND INMUNE RESPONSE TO NEWCASTLE'S DISEASE VACCINATION. THERE WERE NO DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TREATMENTS WITH JUST ONE ELEMENT NOT WITH THE COMBINATION OF TREATMENTS. THE FREQUENCY OF HEAD PECKING WAS LOWER IN THE TREATMENT WITH BATH DUSTING BOX (P- 0.05), AND THE HIGHEST LEVELS WERE FOUND IN THE TREATMENT WITH PERCHES, AS WELL AS IN THE GROUP WITH ALL ENRICHING DEVICES (P- 0.05). THERE WERE NO DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TREATMENTS REGARDING BODY WEIGHT AND FEED CONVERTION. INMUNE RESPONSE VALUES WERE SATISFACTORY IN ALL TREATMENTS, BUT DID NOT SHOW DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THEM. A NEGATIVE CORRELATION WAS FOUND BETWEEN TOYS AND ALFALFA PECKING BEHAVIOR, AND BODY CARE BEHAVIORS (P- 0.05). FURTHER STUDIES ARE NEEDED IN ORDER TO ASSESS THE EFFECT OF ENVIROMENTAL ENRICHMENT AND EPIDEMIOLOGY IN COMMERCIAL FLOCKS.
Consumo e digestibilidade aparente de rações com diferentes proporções de feno de capim Coastcross (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) e soja crua moída e comportamento alimentar de ovinos

The aims of this experiment were to determine the average daily intake (ADI) and the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of rations containing two levels of coastcross hay and ground soybean grain, as well as, to study the behavior of sheep fed on these rations. Ten wethers averaging 40.0 kg of live weight were allocated in feeding trial cages for this experiment. A completely randomized design with two treatments (T1= 80% coastcross hay + 20% soybean grain and T2= 60% coast cross hay + 40% soybean grain) and five replicates, were used. The treatments were evaluated under two feeding systems (voluntary and restrict). There were two experimental periods of seven days with fifteen days of previous adaptation each. The animals were fed twice a day with rations containing half of the estimated daily intake. The behaviours studied were times spent eating, ruminating and resting in a five minutes interval observation during twelve hours. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between treatments for nutrients ADI but for crude protein and ether extract (EE). The ADC for dry matter (DM), fiber (F) and total carbohydrates (TC) were significantly greater (P
Verbal autopsies: learning from reviewing deaths in the community

The Safe Motherhood Programme of the World Health Organization convened a workshop in 1994 so that investigators from around the world could share their experience in the use of verbal autopsies (postmortem interviews of the relatives and/or neighbors of the deceased) to determine the cause of maternal death and move towards a consensus of what should constitute verbal autopsy methods. Workshop outcomes included the following: 1) a determination that the postmortem interview should consist of verbal autopsy, verbal determination of the nonclinical causes of death, and verbal reporting of background characteristics; 2) agreement that the classification of direct causes of maternal death may be single, dual, or a combination of single and multiple; 3) development of a comprehensive list of the signs and symptoms of obstetric/medical causes of maternal death (direct and indirect); 4) agreement that verbal autopsies should be conducted for all deaths of women of reproductive age to determine early pregnancy deaths; 5) determination that the future development of flowcharts would be valuable for identifying and coding causes of maternal death; 6) identification of information to be included in all questionnaires; and 7) consideration of specific aspects of data collection (requirements for interviewers, respondents, getting information from health providers, the recall period, and validation of specific aspects). Appended to this report are 1) a list of participants, 2) flowcharts for causes of maternal death, 3) suggestions for questions to be asked, 4) suggestions for a questionnaire, and 5) a summary of selected studies that used lay reporting to identify causes of death.