Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Notice of RetractionThe Hydrochemistry and Nutrient Distribution in Poyang Lake, China

An ensemble of physico-chemical parameters was investigated to assess the quality of Poyang Lake. The parameters investigated include pH; electrical conductivity, EC; total dissolved solid, TDS; dissolved oxygen, DO; Eh; and nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, sulfate, and phosphate concentrations. Also monitored were the concentrations of sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, chloride, bicarbonate. The results showed that sodium is the major cation and bicarbonate is the major anions in the water. As a result of this, the type of the hydrochemistry is Na-HCO3, which is different from that of the hydrochemistry of the water (Ca-HCO3) collected in 1990s. Nitrate nitrogen dominated in the forms of nitrogen in Poyang Lake, most of those came from Ganjiang River water. The concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorous are highest at upstream, and were lowest at midstream. Water at upstream is mainly affected from its tributaries of the Raohe River and Ganjiang River, mainly by the human activities at downstream.
Buddypokes: cenas multimodais de violência no Orkut?

Neste artigo, analisamos as manifestacoes de violencia atraves dos buddypokes do Orkut, com base nos estudos sobre multimodalidade desenvolvidos por Kress e van Leeuwen (1996). A questao que norteou o trabalho foi: de que forma os buddypokes que simulam cenas violentas tem sido usados pelos orkuteiros? Os resultados mostram que nem sempre os frames de buddypokes , apesar de violentos, sao utilizados com a intencao de disseminar a violencia, isso porque a mensagem escrita deixada pelo orkuteiro na maioria das vezes e permeada pelo tom de brincadeira e amizade.
Prevalence of Infertility in a Cross Section of Pakistani Population

The study aims at determining the prevalence of infertility, and its various causes, among the studied population. The study was carried out in Unit-III of Gynaecology and Obstetric Department at the Federal Government Services Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan on 7628 out-patients examined for different problems during a three year period, as 534 women presented for inability to conceive. Frequency of infertility in this population was 7%. A standard protocol of investigations revealed a number of causes for fertility deprivation. Diagnostic laparoscopy was carried out in 260 patients. Hysterosalpingography was performed in 84 women, and tubal blockage was confirmed in 77 patients. Within the Pakistani social set-up, immense pressure mounts up on the newly married couple for child bearing. Proper diagnosis is a must for effective management.
Sperm Preparation: DNA Damage by Comet Assay in Normo- and Teratozoospermics

The present study was carried out on semen samples of human fertile and infertile subjects, teratozoospermics (TZs) and idiopathics (IDs), with neat semen and sperm prepared by swim up or Percoll density gradient centrifugation procedures. Sperm morphology analysis revealed that only head and midpiece defects in TZs and IDs were significantly (P < 0.001) higher compared to fertile subjects. Infertile subjects indicated significantly higher (P < 0.001) sperm DNA damage compared to fertile subjects. Fertile subjects with sperm prepared from neat and Percoll density gradient centrifugation exhibited a comet tail DNA percentage of 20% and 15%, respectively. The TZs and IDs infertile subjects had higher levels of comet tail DNA of 33% and 25% and 25% and 19%, respectively. A significant (F = 24.01; P = 0.0059) decrease in mean comet head DNA percentage or sperm DNA integrity was observed in neat samples from fertile and infertile subjects by Repeated Measures ANOVA. In Percoll prepared samples from fertile, TZs, and IDs, there was a significant increase in sperm DNA integrity. Similarily, there was a decrease in abnormal sperm morphology in swim up and Percoll prepared sperm compared to neat samples. The Percoll density gradient centrifugation procedure yields sperm with an increase in sperm DNA integrity relative to swim up. Sperm DNA damage of TZs with both sperm preparation methods was significantly (P < 0.01) higher when compared to fertile and IDs. But the level of DNA damage was higher in IDs compared to fertile subjects. Compared to the other methods tested, the Percoll method yielded sperm with improved DNA integrity. In conjunction with semen analysis, the assessment of nuclear integrity improves the characterization of the semen sample and may be used as a tool for allocating the patients to specific assisted reproductive treatments.
What is Organising? Interludes in Researching - Towards Problematisation

but it really is very practical in actuality. These enterprises are everything but simple since one has not only to have knowledge of what has been said but utmost because what unites Bataille and Nietzsche with the above is thinking the unthinkable as an inherent, Heideggerian part of thinking thinking. In order to understand organising and its possibilities one has to have a different starting point. An order of understanding is standing in a given position. One should rather discuss it and think of not understanding, not standing below a given. This starting point is forgetting and not yet knowing. First, the proto-critical attitude of thinking organising especially regarding researching organising ideally involves forgetting about preconditioning ethics. This does not mean there is no subjectivity. On the contrary exactly because there is subjectivity, the starting point should rather be about forgetting than about remembering. One cannot of course avoid the multiple positions one is having both as a hexis and a becoming. In any case the paramount interbeing polis is about seeing history primarily as potentiality. This thus means that thinking about thinking itself is about thinking about the unwritten and the not-yet as well as the not-thought. This saudade means being beyond goals and includes not thinking, especially not thinking about something that is given or already known. Organising the already organised as such is equal to repetition. Repetition is nothing but the banale. When potentiality is seen as the same as actuality, meaning that everything that is real is potential and vice versa, thinking thinking and organising organising takes on different dimensions. 37 Ironically the only other well-known figure resting at Highgate cemetary in London is the organicliberalist-egoist philosopher Herbert Spencer. The cemetary thus carries the pseudonym “Marx and Spencer’s”. 38 On virtuality and potentiality see also Lehtonen (2000) and Agamben (1999).
Clinical and prognostic features of Korean patients with MPO-ANCA, PR3-ANCA and ANCA-negative vasculitis.

OBJECTIVES We reclassified Korean patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) into 3 categories of AAV including MPO-ANCA, PR3-ANCA and ANCA-negative vasculitis, and investigated clinical and prognostic features. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 133 patients with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and eosinophilic GPA (EGPA), who had either myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA, proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA or no ANCA, and who had ever achieved the first remission. We compared clinical manifestations, initial Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS) and five factor score (FFS), and relapse rates. RESULTS Patients with ANCA-negative vasculitis had the youngest mean age at diagnosis (50.0 years old) among AAV categories. General, cutaneous and renal manifestations were commonly observed in MPO-ANCA vasculitis, while mucous membrane, eye, ear nose throat (ENT) and renal manifestations were often documented in PR3-ANCA vasculitis. ENT manifestation was also frequently observed in ANCA-negative vasculitis. However, there were no significant differences in pulmonary and nervous system manifestations among 3 AAV categories. There were no significant differences in cumulative relapse free survival according to the presence of MPO-ANCA or PR3-ANCA or no ANCA. Meanwhile, initial BVAS or BVAS for GPA ≥13.5 in MPO-ANCA vasculitis and initial FFS (1996) ≥1 in MPO-ANCA and ANCA-negative vasculitis were significant predictors of relapse of each AAV category. CONCLUSIONS Clinical manifestations varied AAV categories, and neither MPO-ANCA nor PR3-ANCA significantly affected relapse of AAV. Initial BVAS or BVAS for GPA and FFS (1996) helped to predict relapse of specified AAV categories.
A retrospective study of the relationship between serum urate level and recurrent attacks of gouty arthritis: evidence for reduction of recurrent gouty arthritis with antihyperuricemic therapy.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the proposed relationship between persistent reduction of serum urate into the subsaturating range and reduction in the frequency of acute gouty attacks. METHODS We retrospectively examined data derived from 267 patients who had experienced at least 1 gouty attack before their first visit to our clinic. Serum urate concentration, history of recurrent gouty attacks, and information about antihyperuricemic drug use were collected on each visit for up to 3 years from the first visit of each patient. Data derived from visits >1 year after study entry were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS When adjusted for baseline serum urate level and the number of gouty attacks prior to study entry, reduction of followup serum urate concentration and antihyperuricemic drug use were each significantly associated with a reduced risk of gouty attacks (odds ratio [OR] 0.42, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.31-0.57; OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.10-0.47, respectively). CONCLUSION The data indicate that reduction of serum urate concentrations to 6 mg/dl or lower will eventually result in a reduced frequency or prevention of future gouty attacks.
Rapid detection of immunoglobulin G against Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens by two commercial ELISA kits.

SETTING Tunisia. OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical usefulness of the commercial Pathozyme-Myco G (Myco G) and Pathozyme TB complex plus (Patho) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for the rapid diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB) and to distinguish between active TB and non-TB pulmonary diseases in Tunisian patients. DESIGN Immunoglobulin G mediated humoral immune response against mycobacterial antigens (38 kDa and lipoarabinomannan, Myco G; 16 and 38 kDa, Patho) was evaluated in a group of active TB patients (128 smear-positive pulmonary and 33 extra-pulmonary samples) and in a control group (107 patients with non-tuberculous lung disease and two with leprosy). Active TB cases were confirmed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture from clinical samples. RESULTS The sensitivity of the Myco G test was 71% in active TB (pulmonary and extra-pulmonary), while the specificity was 100%. The Patho test showed a sensitivity of 43.5% with a specificity of 96.3%. A combination of both tests showed a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 96.3%. CONCLUSIONS Both ELISA tests were simple and easy to perform. Their combined use led to an increase in the diagnostic accuracy of active TB and its discrimination from non-TB pulmonary diseases. They could therefore be used as screening tools in poorly equipped laboratories in TB-endemic regions.
Docking Study of Ligands into the Colchicine Binding Site of Tubulin

Cancer is a major cause of mortality in developed countries, following only cardiovascular diseases. Death of cancerous cells can be achieved by stopping mitosis and the antimitotic class of drugs formed by the spindle poisons can be used for this purpose. Their role is to disorganize the mitotic spindle by targeting its main constituent, the microtubules, themselves made of heterodimers of α and β-tubulin. They disrupt the dynamics of the microtubules either by stabilizing them, as do paclitaxel or epothilones, or destabilizing them, as do colchicine. The binding site of colchicine seems to lie between the two units of the tubulin dimer. Here, we report on the characterization of this site by the docking of a series of reference compounds, and the subsequent docking of ligands prepared in our laboratory.
GOLPH 2 expression in renal cell cancer

Background: Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) are among the most common and most lethal genitourinary malignancies. GOLPH2 (golgi phosphoprotein 2, GOLM1) has recently been proposed as a biomarker for hepatocellular and prostate cancer. In this study we analysed the expression patterns and the prognostic and diagnostic value of GOLPH2 in RCC. Methods: GOLPH2 protein expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry in 104 clinically well characterized RCC cases in comparison with matched normal kidney tissue and in association with clinico-pathological parameters. Statistical analyses including Kaplan Meier analyses were performed with SPSS version 15.0. Results: GOLPH2 was highly expressed in normal renal tubules and in almost half of RCC with a statistically significant predominance in the papillary and chromophobe histological subtypes. No other associations with clinico-pathological parameters were detectable. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed a weak trend for unfavourable prognosis of tumours with high GOLPH2 expression, but failed significance. Conclusion: GOLPH2 protein is expressed in normal renal tissue (especially in distal tubular epithelia) and is down-regulated in the majority of clear cell RCC. In papillary and chromophobe RCC GOLPH2 expression is consistently present. In contrast to its diagnostic value in hepatocellular and prostatic carcinomas, a prognostic or diagnostic value of GOLPH2 in RCC appears to be unlikely. Background Renal cell cancer (RCC) is one of the most common genitourinary malignancies and causes of cancer associated death in the United States of America in 2008 [1]. Although conventional tumour parameters like nodal status, existence of systemic metastasis or pT-status are important prognostic factors, new molecular markers are warranted to provide more information on the tumour biology, allowing for a better prognostic and possibly predictive stratification of patients. GOLPH2 is a golgi phosphoprotein (also known as GP73) of yet unknown function. The 73 kDa Golgi apparatus associated protein is coded by the GOLM1 gene on Published: 11 November 2008 BMC Urology 2008, 8:15 doi:10.1186/1471-2490-8-15 Received: 19 July 2008 Accepted: 11 November 2008 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral. com/1471-2490/8/15 © 2008 Fritzsche et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Transformer modeling for low- and mid-frequency transients - a review

One of the weakest components of modern transient simulation software is the transformer model. Many opportunities exist to improve the simulation of its complicated behaviors, which include magnetic saturation of the core, frequency-dependency, capacitive coupling, and topologically correctness of core and coil structure. This paper presents a review of transformer models for simulation of low- and mid-frequency transients. Salient points of key references are presented and discussed in order to give an accessible overview of development, implementation and limitations of the most useful models proposed to date. Techniques for representation of the most important behaviors are examined, with the intent of providing the needed foundation for continued development and improvement of transformer models.
The Double Bromodomain-containing Chromatin Adaptor Brd4 and Transcriptional Regulation*

Brd4 is a double bromodomain-containing protein that binds preferentially to acetylated chromatin. It belongs to the BET (bromodomains and extraterminal) family that includes mammalian Brd2, Brd3, Brd4, Brdt, Drosophila Fsh, yeast Bdf1, Bdf2, and corresponding homologues in other species. Brd4 is essential for cellular growth and has been implicated in cell cycle control, DNA replication, and gene rearrangement found in t(15;19)-associated carcinomas. Recently, Brd4 has been found in several transcription complexes, including the general cofactor Mediator and the P-TEFb elongation factor, and is capable of stimulating HIV-1 transcription in a Tat-independent manner. In addition, Brd4 is used as a cellular adaptor by some animal and human papillomaviruses (HPV) for anchoring viral genomes to mitotic chromosomes. This tethering, mediated by Brd4 interaction with virus-encoded E2 protein, facilitates viral genome segregation during mitosis. Interestingly, Brd4 is also identified in a transcriptional silencing complex assembled by HPV E2 and turns out to be the long sought cellular corepressor that inhibits the expression of HPV-encoded E6 and E7 oncoproteins that antagonize p53 and pRB tumor suppressor activity, respectively. The dual role of Brd4 in gene activation and repression illustrates how a dynamic chromatin-binding adaptor is able to recruit distinct transcriptional regulators to modulate promoter activity through cell cycle progression.
Trade Costs and Foreign Direct Investment

This paper focuses on an apparent conflict between the theory of foreign direct investment (FDI) and recent trends in the globalized world. The bulk of FDI is horizontal rather than vertical, and standard theory predicts that horizontal FDI is discouraged when trade costs fall. This seems to conflict with the experience of the 1990s, when trade liberalisation and technological change led to dramatic reductions in trade costs yet FDI grew much faster than trade. Two possible resolutions to this paradox are explored. First, horizontal FDI in trading blocs is encouraged by intra-bloc trade liberalisation, because foreign firms establish plants in one country as export platforms to serve the bloc as a whole. Second, cross-border mergers, quantitatively more important than greenfield FDI, are encouraged rather than discouraged by falling trade costs.
Advanced vector control for voltage source converters connected to weak grids

This paper addresses an advanced vector current control for a voltage source converter (VSC) connected to a weak grid. The proposed control methodology permits high-performance regulation of the active power and the voltage for the feasible VSC range of operation. First, the steady state characteristics for a power converter connected to a very weak system with a short circuit ratio (SCR) of 1 are discussed in order to identify the system limits. Then, the conventional vector control (inner loop) and the conventional power/voltage control (outer loop) stability and frequency responses are analyzed. From the analysis of the classic structure, an enhanced outer loop based on a decoupled and gain-scheduling controller is presented and its stability is analyzed. The proposed control is validated by means of dynamic simulations and it is compared with classic vector current control. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed control system could provide a promising approach to tackle the challenging problem of VSC in connection with weak AC grids.
弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤患者HBV、HCV及EBV感染分析

1. 临床资料:收集2009年1月至2015年1月在我院确诊 的 87例DLBCL患者资料及活检标本。 87例患者的标本中 61例为冰冻标本,26例为石蜡包埋标本。 87例患者在诊断 时均进行外周血HBV及HCV的筛查,78例患者在病理诊断 时根据Hans分类法进行了免疫亚型的分型,81例患者进行 了EBER(EBV编码的小RNA)检测。 2. 血清HBV、HCV感染判定标准:血清HBV感染判定 标准:HBV感染分为经典感染组(HBsAg、HBeAg任一阳性) 和既往 HBV 感染且存在 HBV 再激活风险组(HBeAb、 HBcAb任一阳性),并将任意一项阳性作为血清HBV检测阳 性组纳入分析研究。 血清HCV感染判定标准:抗HCV抗体 阳性作为判断HCV感染的指标。 3. 组织标本的准备:1冰冻标本冻存于-80 °C冰箱或液 氮中。 -20 °C行冰冻切片,厚度 5 μm,以备行免疫组化检 测;另取50~100 mg组织立即提取总RNA、取10~30 mg组织 立即提取总 DNA 以备行 HCV-RNA 及 HBV-DNA 检测。 2石蜡包埋标本收集于 2014年 1月至 2015年 1月。 切片厚 度 5 μm,以备行免疫组化检测;10 μm切片 4片置于无RNA 酶的EP管中提取总RNA、10 μm切片 6片置于EP管内提取 总DNA以备行HCV-RNA及HBV-DNA检测。 4. 主要试剂:HBsAg抗体购于美国 Life Technologies 公 司,HCV 非结构蛋白 NS5(HCV-NS5)抗体购于美国 AbD Serotec公司,EBER试剂盒购于北京中杉金桥生物技术有限 公司,生物素化的羊抗人第二抗体及免疫组化第三抗体购于 武汉博士德生物工程有限公司,冰冻组织总DNA提取试剂 盒购于天根生化科技(北京)有限公司,石蜡组织总RNA及 总DNA提取试剂盒购于德国QIAGEN公司,RNA逆转录试 剂盒购于美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司,PCR试剂盒购 于日本TaKaRa公司,HBV-DNA及HCV-RNA引物由成都擎 科梓熙生物技术有限公司合成。 5. 检查方法:免疫组化染色采用免疫酶法,冰冻标本免 疫组化染色无需抗原修复。 EBER 检测采用原位杂交方 法。 PCR及RT-PCR扩增组织中的HBV-DNA及HCV-RNA, 根据文献[2-3]直接引用 HBV 及 HCV 引物,并自行设计 STAT3 exon13外显子引物及β-actin引物。 结果判断:免疫组化评分标准采用阳性细胞百分比和染 色强度综合计分。 阳性细胞数<25%计0分,≥25%且<50%计 1分,≥50%且<75%计2分,≥75%计3分;不着色及微弱着色 计0分,着浅黄色计1分,着棕黄色计2分,着深棕色计3分; 两者相加<4分为低表达,两者相加≥4分为高表达。 原位杂 交结果判断标准采用阳性细胞占肿瘤细胞百分比≥20%为表 达,<20%为不表达。 PCR及RT-PCR扩增结果采用琼脂糖凝 胶电泳检测,阳性条带出现即为阳性表达。 6. 统计学处理:应用 SPSS13.0 软件进行统计学分析。 免疫组化及PCR结果均为定性数据,采用卡方检验,P<0.05 为差异具有统计学意义。
IL-10- and TGF-β-Mediated Susceptibility in Kala-azar and Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis: The Significance of Amphotericin B in the Control of Leishmania donovani Infection in India1

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar is known to be associated with a mixed Th1-Th2 response, and effective host defense requires the induction of IFN-γ and IL-12. We address the role of the differential decline of IL-10 and TGF-β in response to sodium antimony gluconate (SAG) and amphotericin B (AmB), the therapeutic success of SAG and AmB in Indian VL, and the significance of IL-10 and TGF-β in the development and progression of post-kazla-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). In the active disease, PBMC from VL patients showed suppressed Ag-specific lymphoproliferation, IFN-γ and IL-12 production, and elevation of IL-10 and TGF-β. Cure corresponded with an elevation in IFN-γ and IL-12 production and down-regulation of IL-10 and TGF-β. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were involved in IFN-γ and IL-10 production. Interestingly, the retention and maintenance of residual IL-10 and TGF-β in some SAG-treated individuals and the elevation of IL-10 and TGF-β in PKDL, a sequel to kala-azar, probably reflects the role of these cytokines in reactivation of the disease in the form of PKDL. Contrastingly, AmB treatment of VL resulted in negligible TGF-β levels and absolute elimination of IL-10, reflecting the better therapeutic activity of AmB and its probable role in the recent decline in PKDL occurrences in India. Moreover, elucidation of immune responses in Indian PKDL patients revealed a spectral pattern of disease progression where disease severity could be correlated inversely with lymphoproliferation and directly with TGF-β, IL-10, and Ab production. In addition, the enhancement of CD4+CD25+ T cells in active VL, their decline at cure, and reactivation in PKDL suggest their probable immunosuppressive role in these disease forms.
Averaging, Folded Singularities, and Torus Canards: Explaining Transitions between Bursting and Spiking in a Coupled Neuron Model

In this work, we identify generic bifurcation scenarios corresponding to transitions between bursting and tonic spiking solutions in a model for a coupled pair of burst-capable neurons, and we elucidate the central role of folded singularities in these scenarios. The folded singularities in our work arise in the context of fast-slow averaging, and hence our results link with the study of torus canards, a recently identified class of ordinary differential equation (ODE) solutions featuring oscillatory excursions along repelling structures in phase space [J. Burke et al., J. Math. Neurosci. , 2 (2012), pp. 1--30]; in particular, our work extends this study to systems featuring two slow variables and symmetry and goes significantly beyond the analysis of activity transitions presented by Best et al. [SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst. , 4 (2005), pp. 1107--1139].