Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advances in Pathogenesis of Behcet’s Disease and Vogt- Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome

demonstrated the presence of IL-21-producing T cells in the CSF, choroid plexus, brain parenchyma inflammatory infiltrates and intracerebral blood vessels in active BD with CNS involvement These results suggest that IL-21 may be involved in the pathogenesis of BD and VKH syndrome and may represent a novel therapeutic target for these diseases. The pathogenic role of IL-21 in autoimmune uveitis is supported by animal models. IL-21R-deficient mice are resistant to EAU, and adoptive transfer of IL-21R -/- T cells reduced the EAU severity. Increased IL-21 in lymph nodes and spleens has been reported during the development of EAU [34-35]. All these findings provide evidence for a role of IL-21 in the pathogenesis of uveitis by promoting Th1 and Th17 cell responses and inhibiting Treg cell development. p19 p40 of of in BD of EAU its capacity to a Th17 effector has shown IL-23KO to EAU specific anti-IL-23 the that the IL-23/IL-17 involved in the pathogenesis of intraocular in BD and VKH
Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices

The objective of this paper is to provide indicators of trade restrictiveness that include both measures of tariff and nontariff barriers for 91 developing and industrial countries. For each country, the authors estimate three trade restrictiveness indices. The first one summarizes the degree of trade distortions that each country imposes on itself through its own trade policies. The second one focuses on the trade distortions imposed by each country on its import bundle. The last index focuses on market access and summarizes the trade distortions imposed by the rest of the world on each country's export bundle. All indices are estimated for the broad aggregates of manufacturing and agriculture products. Results suggest that poor countries (and those with the highest poverty headcount) tend to be more restrictive, but they also face the highest trade barriers on their export bundle. This is partly explained by the fact that agriculture protection is generally larger than manufacturing protection. Nontariff barriers contribute more than 70 percent on average to world protection, underlying their importance for any study on trade protection.
NUMERICAL MESH IMPACT ON COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATION EFFICIENCY

Sažetak: Analizira se utjecaj numeričke mreže na efikasnost numeričkog modela i na kvalitetu rezultata kroz matematički model plitkih voda u 2D slučaju, odnosno Navier-Stokesov model strujanja fluida u 3D slučaju. U obama slučajevima koristi se implicitna numerička shema koja pretpostavlja rješavanja linearnog sustava u svakom vremenskom koraku. U 2D slučaju predložena je upotreba numeričke mreže konačnih volumena centriranih po ćeliji jer ona daje matricu linearnog sustava pogodne strukture, a u 3D slučaju prednost se daje poliedarskom tipu mreže.
MODELING AND COMPUTER SIMULATION FOR THE PREDICTION OF FORCES IN HIGH-SPEED MACHINING PROCESSES

This paper reports some results in modeling and simulation of the high-speed cutting process based on cutting force signal. The mathematical model has two fundamental, co-dependent parts. The first is a multipleinput system that defines the model’s kinematics, where constants and variables describe the tool geometry, the material type and the cutting parameters. The second addresses the dynamics, represented by integraldifferential equations. The results of the simulation for cylindrical mills show the suitability of forces signal in describing the high-speed machining processes.
Traveling and Standing Waves

z d The transmission line in this discussion is to be considered two parallel conductors of length d, not too far apart, with uniform material around the conductors. A transmission line is also referred to as just a line or cable. The equations in this discussion can be used for twin-lead line, coaxial cable, some traces on printed circuit boards, and many other pairs of conductors. The passive load impedance, ZL, at the output of the line, can be complex (i.e., contain both a real and an imaginary term):
SYNTHESIS OF SILVER PHYTO NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY

N. PRABHU, DIVYA T. RAJ, YAMUNA GOWRI K. , AYISHA SIDDIQUA S. , JOSEPH PUSPHA INNOCENT D. Postgraduate and Research Department of Microbiology, Dr. N.G. P. Arts and Science College, An Institution of Kovai Medical Center and Hospital (KMCH), Coimbatore641048, Tamilnadu, India Division of Microbiology, Rajah Muthaiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamilnadu
Web Accessibility Challenges

Despite the importance of web accessibility in recent years, websites remain partially or completely inaccessible to certain sectors of the population. This is due to several reasons, including web developers’ little or no experience in accessibility and the lack of accurate information about the best ways to quickly and easily identify accessibility problems using different Accessibility Evaluation Methods (AEMs). This paper surveys accessibility literature and presents a general overview of the primary challenges of accessibility barriers on websites. In this sense, we critically investigate main challenges forms related to accessibility including standards and guidelines (WCAG 2.0), during website’s design and development and during evaluation. Finally, a set of recommendations such as enforcing accessibility legislations are presented to overcome some challenges.
Father Involvement, Nurturant Fathering, and Young Adult Psychosocial Functioning

The present study was conducted to investigate differences in nurturant fathering, father involvement, and young adult psychosocial functioning among small samples of three nontraditional family forms. A total of 168 young-adult university students from three family forms (27 adoptive, 22 adoptive stepfather, 119 nonadoptive stepfather) completed retrospective measures of nurturant fathering and father involvement and measures of current psychosocial functioning. Results indicated that adoptive fathers were rated as the most nurturant and involved and that nonadoptive stepfathers were rated as the least nurturant and involved. In adoptive families, young adults’ ratings of paternal nurturance and involvement were strongly and positively correlated with their reports of current psychosocial functioning. The relationships of family form to reports of fathering appeared to be moderated by the child's age at father entry and the number of years of involvement in the child's life.
ADAPTIVE WIRELESS INFORMATION SYSTEMS

We provide an architecture for future wireless information services as a collection of autonomous cells which o(cid:11)er information services of widely varying geographic scope. Each MSS (Mobile Support Station) has the freedom to decide how to allocate di(cid:11)erent information services to its bandwidth and in which form to o(cid:11)er them. Two basic forms of delivery of information service are identi(cid:12)ed : periodic publishing mode on a publication subchannel and on-demand mode on the on-demand subchannel. We describe, how each MSS makes the decision about which form of service delivery to use and how to structure its publication subchannel by varying the frequency of publication of individual data items depending on the frequency of requests. In this way we improve packet e(cid:14)ciency and power e(cid:14)ciency of the client-server protocols by maximizing the number of queries per Hz and queries per Watt. Each mobile client has to be able to interoperate in this environment. This is assured by making cells selfexplantory about their service allocation. We describe how the presented concepts can be implemented by proposing an extension of WWW protocol, called adaptive WWW. We also show how to implement the proposed protocol along the lines of CDPD.
GraalSqueak: A Fast Smalltalk Bytecode Interpreter Written in an AST Interpreter Framework

Language implementation frameworks aim to provide everything that is needed to build interpreters, simplify the process by making certain design decisions in advance, and suggest implementation strategies to virtual machine creators. Truffle, the language implementation framework for the GraalVM, is designed for building Abstract Syntax Tree interpreters and the process of doing so is well documented. However, although less documented, Truffle can also be used to implement bytecode interpreters. This approach requires additional hints to be passed into the compiler to gain good performance. In this paper, we compare two Truffle interpreters for Squeak/Smalltalk, one using an ast implementation approach and the other executing bytecodes. While both run at roughly three times the speed of the standard Squeak/Smalltalk virtual machine, both represent different trade-offs in implementation strategies for interpreters in Truffle. We compare these trade-offs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches.
Gauss’s law, duality, and the Hamiltonian formulation of U(1) lattice gauge theory

Quantum computers have the potential to explore the vast Hilbert space of entangled states that play an important role in the behavior of strongly interacting matter. This opportunity motivates reconsidering the Hamiltonian formulation of gauge theories, with a suitable truncation scheme to render the Hilbert space finite-dimensional. Conventional formulations lead to a Hilbert space largely spanned by unphysical states; given the current inability to perform large scale quantum computations, we examine here how one might restrict wave function evolution entirely or mostly to the physical subspace. We consider such constructions for the simplest of these theories containing dynamical gauge bosons---U(1) lattice gauge theory without matter in $d=2,3$ spatial dimensions---and find that electric-magnetic duality naturally plays an important role. We conclude that this approach is likely to significantly reduce computational overhead in $d=2$ by a reduction of variables and by allowing one to regulate magnetic fluctuations instead of electric. The former advantage does not exist in $d=3$, but the latter might be important for asymptotically-free gauge theories.
Impact of temperature and hydraulic retention time on pathogen and nutrient removal in woodchip bioreactors

Woodchip denitrification bioreactors are an important edge-of-field practice for treating agricultural drainage; however, their ability to filter microbial pollutants has primarily been explored in the context of wastewater treatment. Upflow column reactors were constructed and tested for E. coli, Salmonella, NO3-N, and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 12 and 24 h and at controlled temperatures of 10 and 21.5 °C. Influent solution was spiked to 30 mg L−1 NO3-N, 2–8 × 105 E. coli and Salmonella, and 0.1 mg L−1 DRP. Microbial removal was consistently observed with removal ranging from 75 to 78% reduction at 10 °C and 90–96% at 21.5 °C. The concentration reduction ranged from 2.75 to 9.03 × 104 for both organisms. HRT had less impact on microbial removal than temperature and thus further investigation of removal under lower HRTs is warranted. Nitrate concentrations averaged 96% reduction (with load removal of 14.6 g N m−3 d−1) from 21.5 °C columns at 24 HRT and 29% reduction (with load removal of 8.8 g N m−3 d−1) from 10 °C columns at 12 HRT. DRP removal was likely temporary due to microbial uptake. While potential for removal of E. coli and Salmonella by woodchip bioreactors is demonstrated, system design will need to be considered. High concentrations of these microbial contaminants are likely to occur during peak flows, when bypass flow may be occurring. The results of this study show that woodchip bioreactors operated for nitrate removal have a secondary benefit through the removal of enteric bacteria.
Growth and carcass characteristics in wether lambs of a crossbred dam line

van Heelsum, A. M. , Lewis, R. M. , Davies, M. H. , Haresign, W. (2003). Growth and carcass characteristics in wether lambs of a crossbred dam line. Animal Science, 76, (1), 43-53. Sponsorship: DEFRA/Meat and Livestock Commission (MLC)
Scope : A Lightweight Cryptographic Approach for Private Cope Data Coding

In this paper, we investigate a simple but effective coding mechanism, namely Coding Opportunistically (COPE) [1], and the privacy violations which are likely to happen to COPE. The COPE data, from the source node through the network to its destination node, can be easily learned by the surrounding nodes, particularly, intersecting nodes and neighbour nodes. This leads to a serious consequence in leaking the node identity and its private data. In order to cope with the mentioned issues, we can apply cryptographic schemes. However, the security solutions often exploit the public key schemes which nowadays run more slowly and give the longer encrypted values as the effects of the key size increase to guarantee the algorithm complexity. Hence, while the coding mechanism aims to decrease the bandwidth consumption by aggregating (i.e., coding) multiple packets in the network, the security solutions increase the data quantity. However, a necessary needs of combining data coding mechanism and cryptographic algorithm is raised for both preserving privacy and optimizing bandwidth use at the same time as mentioned above. In this paper we thus propose SCOPE, a lightweight privacy preserving approach able to support nodes running the COPE protocol in a secret way, by adopting the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) homomorphic encryption algorithm. The proposal’s effectiveness and efficiency are proved through a variety of experiments.
Insect communities associated with three submerged aquatic macrophytes, with emphasis on the phytophagous species

The implementation of classical biocontrol in managing exotic aquatic weeds, such as Lagarosiphon major Ridley (Hydrocharitaceae) (coarse oxygen-weed) in New Zealand (N.Z.) and Europe, and augmentation biocontrol in managing native weeds, such as L. major, L. muscoides Harvey (Hydrocharitaceae) (fine oxygenweed) and Potamogeton pectinatus L. (Potamogetonaceae) (sago pondweed) in South Africa (S.A.) is being hampered by the dearth of knowledge surrounding submerged macrophytes and their associated insect assemblages. In addition, this knowledge gap hinders the accurate evaluation of any biocontrol initiatives that are implemented. These facts are even more sobering when considering the global number of invasive species is ever increasing, for example the recent invasion of S.A. by the submerged weed, Hydrilla verticillata. To begin addressing these issues, this study surveyed the invertebrates associated with three of S.A. ’s indigenous submerged macrophytes, L. major, L. muscoides and P. pectinatus, while investigating the role certain environmental variables (site, plant species, nutrient levels, light penetration, water depth and distance from the shore) played in shaping these insect assemblages. In surveying these plant species on two dams within the Mooi River district of S.A. , the following herbivorous insects were identified: Athripsodes harrisoni (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae), Leptocerus sp. (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae), Parapoynx fluctuosalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Micronectus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Corixidae), M. dorothea (Hemiptera: Corixidae) and species from the Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Of these, A. harrisoni and Leptocerus sp. showed the most promise of being destructive, host-specific agents to manage L. major in N.Z. and Europe; consequently, they require further investigation. Concerning the use of augmentation control in managing the three plant species within S.A. , all the herbivorous insects have potential as future agents. However, nitrate to phosphate ratios of below ten in the sampled dams have resulted in excess nutrients being available to all three plant species; resulting in their growth and spread throughout the dams not being hampered by the feeding of the phytophagous insects. Again, this highlights the need to address eutrophication in the
Chemoresistance in breast cancer stem cells

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, contributing to 14% of all new cancer cases and 6.8% of all cancer deaths in 2014. A new area of cancer research has arisen from the discovery of cancer cells with stem cell-like properties in several tumor types including the colon, head and breast. Cancer stem cells, which are undifferentiated cells, have the ability of self-renewal, self-replication and differentiating into malignant daughter cells. Breast tumors containing breast cancer stem cells have increased resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, a higher relapse rate and increased susceptibility to metastasis. Potential targets for the treatment of chemoresistance include signaling pathways of breast cancer stem cells such as the β-catenin-, Notch and Hedgehog pathways. Chemoresistance of these breast cancer stem cells potentially elucidates failure to achieve complete remission post-therapy, and, thus, relapses of breast cancer. By unraveling the mechanism behind the chemotherapeutic resistance of breast cancer stem cells, researchers could develop more efficient treatment strategies towards breast cancer.
A New Model of Nonlocal Modified Gravity

We consider a new modified gravity model with nonlocal term of the form R−1F(□)R. This kind of nonlocality is motivated by investigation of applicability of a few unusual ansatze to obtain some exact cosmological solutions. In particular, we find attractive and useful quadratic ansatz □R = qR2.
Viscoelastic effects and anomalous transient levelling exponents in thin films

We study theoretically the profile evolution of a thin viscoelastic film supported onto a no-slip flat substrate. Due to the nonconstant initial curvature at the free surface, there is a flow driven by Laplace pressure and mediated by viscoelasticity. In the framework of lubrication theory, we derive a thin-film equation that contains local viscoelastic stress through the Maxwell model. Then, considering a sufficiently regular small perturbation of the free surface, we linearise the equation and derive its general solution. We analyse and discuss in details the behaviour of this function. We then use it to study the viscoelastic evolution of a Gaussian initial perturbation through its transient levelling exponent. For initial widths of the profile that are smaller than a characteristic length scale involving both the film thickness and the elastocapillary length, this exponent is shown to reach anomalously high values at the elastic-to-viscous transition. This prediction should in particular be observed at sufficiently short times in experiments on thin polymer films.
Possible Evolutionary Response to Global Change – Evolutionary Rescue?

1.1 Climate-induced environmental changes With a pace that is higher than observed in the past 10,000 years global warming is currently changing the global and local environments. On average, the global temperature has increased by 0.7 degree over the past century and future projections show an acceleration of global temperature rise (Walther et al., 2002) which produces climate-induced environmental changes (CIEC). Increasing the mean temperature furthermore corresponds to an increasing range between the minimum and the maximum temperatures due to a pure scaling effect of the variance with the mean (Pertoldi et al., 2007a). Additional factors may then add even more to the increased range of temperatures combined with increased variability in precipitation patterns. An increased temperature range is translated into a fluctuating selective regime for natural populations and amplified environmental variability (2e) which have several consequences at different levels of organization. In order to understand what limits the ability of species to adapt to CIEC, we need to integrate (local) short-term and (local) long-term changes and to increase our knowledge on the importance of genetic and environmental components on phenotypic variability (2p) (Pertoldi et al., 2005). A notorious debate between ecologists and geneticists concerns the relative importance of genetic and ecological factors for the persistence of populations. There is a need for a deeper understanding of how genetic measures can be used to indicate causal processes, including the genetic signature of population declines or expansions due to CIEC. Evolutionary biologists and ecologists have increasingly turned to molecular genetics to study the demographic and genetic consequences of CIEC on populations. However, this approach has some serious limitations: 1) many different population processes lead to similar patterns of genetic structure and 2) population genetic models most commonly applied to these systems are based on the assumption of equilibrium conditions typically not found in nature and surely not in disturbed ecosystems.
EDGE COLORINGS OF GRAPHS AVOIDING PRESCRIBED COLORED MATCHINGS OF FIXED SIZE

Balogh [2] studied, for fixed integers ` ≥ 3 and graphs G, r-colorings of the edge set of G that do not contain a copy of the complete graph K` colored according to a fixed pattern. An r-pattern P of a graph F is a partition of the edge set of F into r (possibly empty) classes, and an r-coloring of the edge set of G is said to be (F, P )-free if it does not contain a copy of F in which the partition of the edge set induced by the coloring has a copy of P . Given a graph G, we consider in this paper the number cr,(I`,P )(G) of (I`, P )-free r-colorings of G, where I` is a matching of size `. In particular, we investigate the parameter cr,(I`,P )(n), that is defined as the maximum of cr,(I`,P )(G) over all n-vertex graphs G.
Diversified local search for the optimal layout of beacons in an indoor positioning system

The navigation of Autonomous Guided Vehicles (AGVs) in industrial environments is often controlled by positioning systems based on landmarks or artificial beacons. In these systems, the position of an AGV navigating in an interior space is determined by the calculation of its relative distance to beacons, whose location is known in advance. A fundamental design problem associated with landmark navigation systems consists in determining the optimal location of the minimum number of beacons necessary to achieve a desired level of accuracy and reliability. A local search procedure coupled with a diversification strategy is developed for this problem. Comparisons with an earlier solution method based on genetic algorithms are provided and it is shown that the proposed procedure finds better designs in a fraction of the computational time employed by the genetic algorithm.
CAUSAL INFERENCE IN TRANSPORTATION SAFETY STUDIES : COMPARISON OF THE POTENTIAL OUTCOMES AND CAUSAL BAYESIAN NETWORKS

The research questions that often motivate transportation safety studies are causal in nature. Safety researchers typically use observational studies to answer such questions. Elucidation of causal relationships from observational studies must be shaped by assumptions about how the data are generated. The field of causal inference presents several modeling frameworks for formulating these assumptions, and tools for probing empirical data to assess causal relations. This paper focuses on exploring the applicability of two such modeling frameworks Causal Bayesian Networks and Potential Outcomes for a specific transportation safety problem. Nighttime crash data from three districts in North Carolina, appended to pavement marking retroreflectivity data, are used. The basic assumptions of the two causal modeling frameworks are outlined, and causal effects of pavement marking retroreflectivity on safety of a road segment are estimated. The results of both modeling frameworks are generally consistent with each other. The effect of increased pavement marking retroreflectivity was generally found to reduce the probability of target nighttime crashes.