Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UCL CDT DIS Note

Deepfake content — typically a video whose subject has been faceswapped — poses a real and growing threat to online security, both from a political and consumer-centric perspective. To assess the risk that this content has, as well as how straightforward it would be for an attacker to produce deepfaked content, we produce an example deepfake using two leading open-source frameworks, as well as an open-source facial synthesis model before evaluating each framework’s results and eﬀectiveness. We subsequently suggest risk mitigation techniques, as well as deepfake detection methods. Our demonstrations show that, whilst technologically impressive, deepfaked content produced on consumer computing hardware are not truly realistic. However, this content can be impactful and pose a threat should it be produced by an experienced and motivated user with access to a high-end GPU. To combat this, we suggest content is marked prominently with a watermark and that detection techniques, such as facial recognition cross-referencing, is used more widely on video hosting services.
Thermal oxidation of polypropylene close to industrial processing conditions

Thermal oxidation of isotactic polypropylene (PP) at 220 and 280°C in air was studied. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometric analysis was used to separate and identify the volatile products of PP oxidation. Twenty-three products were identified and 15 substances were quantified. The aldehydes are the principal products formed, followed by ketones, acids, and alcohols. The main organic product quantified was acetaldehyde. The volatile organic products formed constitute about 3% of the amount of water formed. The relative amounts of the most volatile products formed in the range 220–280°C are practically independent on the temperature of oxidation. The mechanism of formation on the oxidation products is discussed.
Lanthanide tetrad effect observed in marine environment

We have found that lanthanide tetrad effect (PEPPARD et al., 1969) is operative for heavy rare-earth elements (REE) in a phosphorite sample (GOLDBERG et al., 1963). Also it has been evinced that the similar effect is observed for REE in sea waters. However, in the case where the plot (Masuda-Coryell plot) is void of the points for Tb, Ho and Tm, the resultant joint-line pattern is to have the common characteristics that the zigzag pattern is pointed downward at Dy and Yb and upward at Er. That is, the zigzag pattern with phase coincidence in breaking and its direction is a partially cut-off reflection of lanthanide tetrad effect. Employing the stable isotope dilution technique, we could determine REE in one-liter sample of sea water, with errors less than 2∼3%.
The Impact of Consumer Interests, Security Risks Behavior on New Transaction Tool (E

This study aimed to analyze the impact of interests, security risks, and financial behavior on new tools in transactions (e-money). Five direct relationships have been built resulting in two equations. To evaluate the model, the study distributed questionnaires to 110 respondents from seven different companies. With the use of path analysis, the model is then tested. On the basis of the statistical results, the findings show that consumer interest and safety risk have a positive and significant im relationship to electronic money, customer interest and financial behavior indicate a positive and significant relationship. Interestingly, customer safety risk did not show an insignificant result.
An interatomic pair potential for cadmium selenide

We have developed a set of interatomic pair potentials for cadmium selenide based on a form similar to the Born–Mayer model. We show that this simple form of the pair potential, which has been used to describe the properties of alkali halides in the sixfold-coordinate structure, provides a realistic description of the properties of cadmium selenide in all three crystal structures: wurtzite, zinc blende, and rocksalt. Using the new pair potential we have studied the pressure-induced phase transition from the fourfold-coordinate wurtzite structure to the sixfold-coordinate rocksalt structure. The pressure transformation and the equation of state are in good agreement with experimental observations. Using the dispersion term in our pair potential we have also calculated the Hamaker constant for cadmium selenide within the framework of the original microscopic approach due to Hamaker. The results indicate that for ionic materials many-body terms that are included in the Lifshitz theory are well captured by th.
Silver Ion Adsorption using Alkali and Organosilane Modified Coconut Pith Biosorbents

The coconut pith biosorbents were prepared by modifying coconut pith (CP) with sodium hydroxide and bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide to enhance its sorption capacity and selectivity toward silver ion [Ag(I)]. It was found that the Ag(I) sorption capacity of pure CP, CP modified with sodium hydroxide, and CP modified with bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide was 0.50, 0.48, and 0.62 mmol/g, respectively. The Ag(I) equilibrium data were best fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model, whereas the kinetic data obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with the anticipation of the film diffusion as the rate-limiting step. The sorption process was generally governed by a combination of physical and chemical sorption mechanisms. The Ag(I) sorption capacity and selectivity of coconut pith biosorbents were low as compared with other metal ions.
In‐situ Crosslinking and n‐Doping of Semiconducting Polymers and Their Application as Efficient Electron‐Transporting Materials in Inverted Polymer Solar Cells

In this study, we demonstrate in‐situ n‐doping and crosslinking of semiconducting polymers as efficient electron‐transporting materials for inverted configuration polymer solar cells. The semiconducting polymers were crosslinked with bis(perfluorophenyl) azide (bis‐PFPA) to form a robust solvent‐resistant film, thereby preventing solvent‐induced erosion during subsequent solution‐based device processing. In addition, chemical n‐doping of semiconducting polymers with (4‐(1,3‐dimethyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzoimidazol‐2‐yl)phenyl)dimethylamine (N‐DMBI) substantially improved the power conversion efficiency of solar cells from 0.69% to 3.42%. These results open the way for progress on generally applicable polymeric interface materials, providing not only high device performance but also an effective fabrication method for solution‐processed multilayer solar cell devices.
Constituents of the volatile oil from leaves of Ocimum canum sims

Comprehensive GC-MS analyses of the volatile oil from leaves of Ocimum canum Sims revealed the occurrence of eugenoi as the major constituent, in addition to 28 other compounds. Since methyl cinnamate, camphor, citral and linalol chemotypes of O. canum have previously been found, a new type is now being reported.
Identification of a DNA Methylation-Based Prognostic Signature for Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Background Aberrant DNA methylation is an important biological regulatory mechanism in malignant tumors. However, it remains underutilized for establishing prognostic models for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Material/Methods Methylation data and expression data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to identify differentially methylated sites (DMSs). The prognosis-related DMSs were selected by univariate Cox regression analysis. Functional enrichment was analyzed using DAVID. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING. Finally, a methylation-based prognostic signature was constructed using LASSO method and further validated in 2 validation cohorts. Results Firstly, we identified 743 DMSs corresponding to 332 genes, including 357 hypermethylated sites and 386 hypomethylated sites. Furthermore, we selected 103 prognosis-related DMSs by univariate Cox regression. Using a LASSO algorithm, we established a 5-DMSs prognostic signature in TCGA-TNBC cohort, which could classify TNBC patients with significant survival difference (log-rank p=4.97E-03). Patients in the high-risk group had shorter overall survival than patients in the low-risk group. The excellent performance was validated in GSE78754 (HR=2.42, 95%CI: 1.27–4.59, log-rank P=0.0055). Moreover, for disease-free survival, the prognostic performance was verified in GSE141441 (HR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.28–3.44, log-rank P=0.0027). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the 5-DMSs signature could serve as an independent risk factor. Conclusions We constructed a 5-DMSs signature with excellent performance for the prediction of disease-free survival and overall survival, providing a guide for clinicians in directing personalized therapeutic regimen selection of TNBC patients.
Electrical Properties of Acceptor Levels in Mg‐Doped GaN

Thermal admittance and current deep-level transient spectroscopy techniques have been applied to Schottky diodes fabricated on Mg-doped GaN grown by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition to investigate the dependence of the Mg acceptor levels on the annealing temperature. Both measurements revealed two deep acceptor levels with activation energies of ∼135 and ∼160 meV above the valence band. The former level is only seen when the samples were annealed at temperatures between 650 °C and 700 °C, and its presence corresponds with a significant increase in effective acceptor concentration, as confirmed by capacitance–voltage measurements. Therefore, this acceptor level is considered to dominate the electrical activation of Mg in GaN.
Fire incidence along an elevation gradient in the mountains of central Argentina

In mountain ecosystems, vegetation distribution along elevation has been traditionally interpreted in terms of the decreasing temperature from base to top, but wildfires may co-vary with the elevation gradient, also playing an important role. In the mountains of central Argentina (500-2800 m a. s. l.) wildfires are one of the main disturbances, which may have an important role in shaping vegetation dynamics along elevation. However, to date, no study described the fire pattern along the elevation gradient. We compared fire incidence among five elevation intervals using an 18-year spatially explicit fire database derived from remote sensing. For each interval, we discarded unburnable areas and calculated fire incidence per year as the percentage of burned area. Fire incidence showed a hump-shaped pattern along the elevation gradient. The highest fire incidence occurred at intermediate elevations, in the 1301-1700 m and 901-1300 m intervals, with averages of 3.2 and 2.7% of the area being burned annually, respectively. The lowest fire incidence occurred at the lowest interval (500-900 m), with 1.3% being burned annually on average. The greater fire incidence observed at intermediate elevations is consistent with a sharp increase in the cover of grasslands above 900 m a. s. l. , with an associated reduction in forest occupation. Towards higher elevations, the lower fire incidence is consistent with the presence of topographic breaks, greater proportion of unburnable surfaces that work as firebreaks and moister conditions. The greater fire incidence observed at intermediate elevations may be limiting forest expansion in those areas. At higher elevations the low forest cover may be explained by a combination of fire and livestock pressure. Our study is the first to show how fire incidence varies along the complete elevation gradient, bringing an important tool to understand vegetation distribution and plan future conservation and restoration strategies. [
Ultra-low Noise Supercontinuum Generation with Flat-near Zero All Normal Dispersion Pure Silica Fiber at GHz Repetition Rate

A pure silica holey fiber with $\beta_2$ of 0.44 ps$^2$/km at 1.55 $\mu$m and less than 1 ps$^2$/km from 1.3 to 1.75 $\mu$m was engineered and drawn. It is numerically shown to generate a flat coherent spectrum, pumped by a 2 kW peak power, 250 fs pulse propagating 20 m.
A New Approach of Grammar Teaching: Pre-modifiers in Noun Phrases

Teaching grammar has always constituted a major part of language education in curricula around the world. This paper investigates pre-modifiers in noun phrase in English and focuses on their definition and classifications. Pervious scholars have different focuses and give various definitions and classifications of pre-modifiers. Through thoroughly evaluating and comparing of the different theories given by previous grammarians and linguists, this study redefines modifiers from a semantic, formal and syntactical perspective and constructs a new classification based on word classes and classifies pre-modifiers into six categories: 1). adjectival pre-modifiers; 2). nominal pre-modifiers; 3). participle pre-modifiers; 4). genitive pre-modifiers; 5). adverb phrases pre-modifiers; 6). sentences, etc. The implications of this paper may provide new insights in grammar teaching in English classes.
A study on impact of employees Personality Characteristics and Attitude on Organizational performance

The current conceptual study aims to add to the established personality literature by looking at work-related attitudes. The research study of relevant literature focusing on personality types, theories, and employee consequences, in particular, can still leave people feeling unsatisfied and adopting negative attitudes. Negativity, as a negative mindset of employees against their employer, contributes to unforeseen consequences such as lower performance or lower loyalty, which may occur in a variety of industries. Recommendations were also made on how to ensure that employees have positive characteristics not just in the workplace, but also in the community, in order to increase the organization's productivity and success by ensuring that employees always deliver good conduct and personality. In addition, the impact of personality traits (the big five model) and job attitudes, as well as their interrelationships, was investigated in greater depth. Any organization that recruits employees comes from a diverse background with the common aim of achieving the organization's goals and also committing themselves to working towards achieving the organization's goals. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between employee attitudes toward the organization and whether employee attitudes have a significant impact on the organization, resulting in increased loyalty. Personality traits and work-related habits such as job commitment and organizational devotion, according to the study, have strong positive significant relationships with employee performance.
Multimodal microscopy by digital image processing

A matching algorithm is proposed for aligning microscope images obtained using different modalities, making use of cross‐correlations of outputs from Prewitt's edge filter. Brightfield, phase contrast and differential interference contrast microscope images of algal and bacterial cells from an experimental, high‐rate algal pond are used for illustration. The information content of multimodal images is explored using principal components analysis and colour displays, and an image which represents optical thickness is constructed digitally.
One‐Dimensional Metal‐Oxide Nanostructures: Recent Developments in Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications

1D metal‐oxide nanostructures have attracted much attention because metal oxides are the most fascinating functional materials. The 1D morphologies can easily enhance the unique properties of the metal‐oxide nanostructures, which make them suitable for a wide variety of applications, including gas sensors, electrochromic devices, light‐emitting diodes, field emitters, supercapacitors, nanoelectronics, and nanogenerators. Therefore, much effort has been made to synthesize and characterize 1D metal‐oxide nanostructures in the forms of nanorods, nanowires, nanotubes, nanobelts, etc. Various physical and chemical deposition techniques and growth mechanisms are exploited and developed to control the morphology, identical shape, uniform size, perfect crystalline structure, defects, and homogenous stoichiometry of the 1D metal‐oxide nanostructures. Here a comprehensive review of recent developments in novel synthesis, exceptional characteristics, and prominent applications of one‐dimensional nanostructures of tungsten oxides, molybdenum oxides, tantalum oxides, vanadium oxides, niobium oxides, titanium oxides, nickel oxides, zinc oxides, bismuth oxides, and tin oxides is provided.
Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Activity of Essential Oils From Vernonia brasiliana (Less) Druce (Asteraceae)

Abstract Vernonia brasiliana (L) Druce is a plant from the Asteraceae family. The essential oils obtained by hydro distillation from flowers and roots of V. brasiliana were analyzed by GC and GC-MS for the first time. The major components found in the flowers were (E)-hex-2-enal (4.04 %), hexan-1-ol (4.23 %), (Z)-hex-2-en-1-ol (6.32 %), palmitic acid (8.30 %), and hexacosane (4.91 %). The roots presented as major components modheph-2-ene (8.69% ), α-isocomene (15.41 %), α-gurjunene (9.61 %), β-isocomene (10.26 %) and trans-caryophyllene (10.42 %), α-humulene (5.36 %), and palmitic acid (5.25 %). Leaves essential oil presented as major components trans-caryophyllene (8.73 %), bicyclogermacrene (5.78 %), germacrene-D (10.19 %), and caryophyllene oxide (4.51 %). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from leaves, flower and roots of V. brasiliana was evaluated against the microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), using the broth micro dilution method, and the assays have showed no positive results. However, the three essential oils showed antiprotozoal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania amazonensis, and did not display cytotoxicity against Vero (ATCC CCL 81) and RAW 264.7 (ATCC TIB 71) cell lines. Up to date, no studies have been carried out on the antitrypanosomal, antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities of the essential oils from leaves, flowers and roots of this plant.
LaLuO3 as a high-k gate dielectric for InAs nanowire structures

We investigated the suitability of lanthanum lutetium oxide (LaLuO3) as a gate dielectric by fabricating InAs nanowire field-effect transistors. The LaLuO3 layer was deposited by employing pulsed laser deposition. On transistors with a 1.6 µm long gate, a maximum transconductance of 11 µS at a source–drain bias voltage of 0.5 V was measured, while the threshold voltage had a value of −4.5 V. Owing to the complete coverage of the InAs nanowire by the LuLuO3 layer no significant leakage current was found. On a transistor with a 240 nm long gate short-channel effects were observed. The transfer characteristics showed a hysteretic behavior, which is attributed to charging of states at the InAs/LaLuO3 interface. We found that the threshold voltage gets reduced considerably when the temperature was decreased to 25 K. At this temperature the hysteresis in the transfer characteristics showed no dependence on the sweep rate.
Effect of Shell Architecture on the Static and Dynamic Properties of Polymer-Coated Particles in Solution

A quantitative comparison of the effect of the architecture of polymer grafts on the static and dynamic properties of polymer-functionalized colloidal systems in good solvents is presented. Polystyrene-coated silica particle brush model systems exhibiting identical hard core diameter but distinct polymer-shell architectures corresponding to the concentrated and intermediate brush regime were synthesized using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and studied using static and dynamic light scattering. Both particle systems conform to a core−shell-like form factor, and single self-diffusion is observed in the limit of dilute concentrations. Despite the significantly larger hydrodynamic radius of the intermediate brush particles, the onset of liquidlike structure formation is observed at about equal particle concentration for both systems, indicating the “soft” star-polymer-type interactions of intermediate brush particles. The comparison with the structure and the hydrodynamic factors of hard-sphere s.
Tungsten chemical vapor deposition characteristics using SiH4 in a single wafer system

Several workers have recently begun using silane as a high‐rate, low‐temperature alternative to hydrogen for the reduction of WF6 in the chemical vapor deposition of W. The deposition and film characteristics of both selective and blanket W using this new chemistry are explored in a radiantly heated single wafer system using closed‐loop temperature control with a thermocouple in direct contact with the backside of the wafer. Selective W deposition rates of up to 1.5 μm/min were measured over the temperature range 250–550 °C with blanket W rates typically 2–5× lower. Resistivity is in the 10–15 μΩ cm range at 300 °C for SiH4/WF6 ratios of 0.2 to 1.0, while above 400 °C the range is 7.5–8.5 μΩ cm. Si content in the W films is quite low at 1016 to 1017 atoms/cm3. Adhesion to silicon is excellent at temperatures of 350 °C and above. Selective W using SiH4 reduction for doped silicon contact fill shows none of the consumption or encroachment problems common to H2 reduction, although selectivity is more sensiti.
Solubility enhancement and development of dispersible tablet of meloxicam

The present research work investigates enhancement of dissolution profile of meloxicam using solid dispersion (SD) with various polymers. The work also describes the formulation of dispersible tablet (DT) and effervescent tablet of meloxicam. PEG 6000, PEG 8000, PEG 20000, Lutrol F-127, and β-cyclodextrin were selected for the preparation of SD. The SDs were prepared by melting and solvent evaporation methods. Dissolution studies were performed for plain meloxicam, SDs, and tablet formulations. Infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry were performed to identify the physicochemical interaction between drug and carriers. Dispersible tablets and effervescent tablets were compared with tablet containing plane drug for dissolution profile. Dissolution of DT improved significantly in SD product (<95% in 1 min).
Metadata of the chapter that will be visualized online

Cyber Physical Systems are facing huge and diverse set of security risks, especially cyber-attacks that can cause disruption to physical services or create a national disaster. Information and communication technology (ICT) has made a remarkable impact on the society. A Cyber Physical System (CPS) relies basically on information and communication technology, which puts the system’s assets under certain risks especially cyber ones, and hence they must be kept under control by means of security countermeasures that generate confidence in the use of these assets. And so there is a critical need to give a great attention on the cybersecurity of these systems, which consequently leads to the safety of the physical world. This goal is achieved by adopting a solution that applies processes, plans and actions to prevent or reduce the effects of threats. Traditional IT risk assessment methods can do the job, however, and because of the characteristics of a CPS, it is more efficient to adopt a solution that is wider than a method, and addresses the type, functionalities and complexity of a CPS. This chapter proposes a framework that breaks the restriction to a traditional risk assessment method and encompasses wider set of procedures to achieve a high level strategy that could be adopted in the risk management process, in particular the cybersecurity of cyber-physical systems. Keywords