Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clustering distribution feeders in the Arizona Public Service territory

This paper describes a methodology and approach used to perform clustering on distribution feeders within the service territory of Arizona Public Service (APS). This clustering process was performed in order for APS to characterize the types of feeders in their service territory and to provide a method of feeder classification to inform PV interconnection requirements in the future. The paper begins with a description of the history of clustering techniques for classifying distribution feeders. The method chosen for clustering APS feeders incorporates best practices for the clustering algorithm, stopping criteria, and variable selection. All routines were written in open-source scripting languages. Specific steps in the clustering process are described and applied to the feeders in the APS service territory showing results for each step. The paper concludes with a summary of the work.
Solving Norm Constrained Portfolio Optimization via Coordinate-Wise Descent Algorithms

A fast method based on coordinate-wise descent algorithms is developed to solve portfolio optimization problems in which asset weights are constrained by l q norms for 1 ? q ? 2 . The method is first applied to solve a minimum variance portfolio (mvp) optimization problem in which asset weights are constrained by a weighted l 1 norm and a squared l 2 norm. Performances of the weighted norm penalized mvp are examined with two benchmark data sets. When the sample size is not large in comparison with the number of assets, the weighted norm penalized mvp tends to have a lower out-of-sample portfolio variance, lower turnover rate, fewer numbers of active constituents and shortsale positions, but higher Sharpe ratio than the one without such penalty. Several extensions of the proposed method are illustrated; in particular, an efficient algorithm for solving a portfolio optimization problem in which assets are allowed to be chosen grouply is derived.
Experimental treatment of total-body irradiation injury: a brief review.

By C. C. CONGDON W IDE INTEREST in the experimental treat-meat of tot-al-body irradiation injury by post-irradiation injectioii of living blood-forming cells is evident from the many reports in this field. Discussions among biologists amid medical workers indicate an active interest in the potential applications of this particular radiobiologic research to human disease. The results of an animal experiment in this laboratory illustrate how’ dramatic the experimental treatment can be in preventing death from the acute radiation syndrome (table 1). Treatmentof total-body injury from x-rays has been mostextensively studied. IIow’ever, iiiject-ion of bone marrow cells was also effective in lethal external gamma and fast neutron exposures.1 . 2 Acute mortality from the mixed radiations given off by intravenous radon in equilibrium w’ith its decay product-s was reduced by administration of bone marrow atthe proper interval after the radon iilj ectioii 1 The amountof hone marrow or other blood-forming tissue injected after a lethal exposure determines the percent-age survival at 30 days. The data in mice vary somewhat from one st-rain to another or from one F1 hybrid to another, probably depending on variation in individual resistance to irradiation. In general, 1 to 10 X 106 nucleated bone marrow’ cells gives optimum 30-day survival in mice aft-er exposure to 900 r of x-rays. However, as few as 50,000 nucleated i)lood-formiimg cells will allow a low percentage of mice to survive 30 days in some experiments.3 . If, instead of 30-day survival, the bone marrow of the irradiated hostis quamit-it-atively studied to determine the effect of different doses of bone marrow administered, response is proportional to dose over a much greater range than w’hen survival is used as the endpoint.3 The effective cell type, or types, in the administered blood-forming tissue has niotbeen clearly determined. Since dividing cells are necessary, the stem cells and reticulum cells of the hemat-opoictic tissues are implicated.5 The intravenous route of injection gives the best30-day survival in mice and guinea pigs. Imitraperitoneal inject-ion is effective but not so effective as intravenous. Intrapleural and intrasplenic injections were also effective, but intramuscular and subcutaneous injections did not. cause survival of lethally irradiated
Phospholipids of Animal and Marine Origin : 3 Structure , Function , and Anti-Inflammatory 4 Properties 5

In this review paper, the latest literature on the functional properties of phospholipids in 10 relation to inflammation and inflammation-related disorders has been critically appraised and 11 evaluated. The paper is divided into three sections: Section one addresses the relationship between 12 the anti-inflammatory bioactivities of different phospholipids in relation to their structures and 13 compositions. Sections two and three are dedicated to the structures, functions and 14 anti-inflammatory properties of dietary phospholipids from animal and marine sources. Most of 15 the dietary phospholipids of animal origin come from meat, egg and dairy products. To date, there 16 is very limited work published on meat phospholipids, undoubtedly due to the negative 17 perception that meat consumption is an unhealthy option due to its putative associations with 18 several chronic diseases. These assumptions are addressed with respect to the phospholipid 19 composition of meat products. Recent research trends indicate that dairy phospholipids possess 20 anti-inflammatory properties, which has led to an increased interest into their molecular structures 21 and reputed health benefits. Finally, the structural composition of phospholipids of marine origin 22 is discussed. Extensive research has been published in relation to ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids 23 (PUFAs) and inflammation, however this research has recently come under scrutiny and has 24 proved to be unreliable and controversial in terms of the therapeutic effects of ω-3 PUFA, which are 25 generally in the form of triglycerides and esters. Therefore, this review focuses on recent 26 publications concerning marine phospholipids and their structural composition and related health 27 benefits. Finally, the strong nutritional value of dietary phospholipids are highlighted with respect 28 to marine and animal origin and avenues for future research are discussed. 29
Image diagnosis: Weber syndrome: a rare presentation of acute leukemia-a case report and review of the literature.

CASE STUDY A 13-year-old boy had fever, fatigue, and breathlessness for two weeks before presenting to the Emergency Department. He also had painless lymphadenopathy on both sides of his neck, axilla, and groin. Four hours before presentation to the Emergency Department, he developed drooping of the right upper eyelid. There was complete ptosis and no associated diplopia. The pupil of the right eye was dilated and nonreactive. The extraocular movements and pupil of the left eye were normal. There was no headache, vomiting, or seizures. Two hours after presentation the patient developed sudden-onset complete weakness of the left side of his body along with left upper motor neuron facial palsy. With a clinical diagnosis of acute cerebrovascular accident, an urgent noncontrast computed tomography scan of the head was performed. It showed multiple hemorrhages, one of which was located in the ventral midbrain on the right side (Figure 1), possibly explaining the contralateral hemiplegia and ipsilateral oculomotor palsy. Investigations revealed hyperleukocytosis (454,000/μL), hemoglobin of 9.2 g/dL, and thrombocytopenia (42,000/μL), with greater than 99% lymphoblasts and many degenerated cells seen in the peripheral smear examination (Figures 2 and 3). Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were 13 seconds and 37 seconds, respectively (reference value 12 seconds and 35 seconds, respectively). Fibrinogen concentration was 2.5 g/L, and there was no laboratory finding to suggest disseminated intravascular coagulation. Renal and liver functions were normal. Serum lactate dehydrogenase was elevated (9 times the upper limit of the reference value). Serum potassium was 6 mmol/L, but there were no accompanying electrocardiographic abnormalities of hyperkalemia. Serum calcium was 9.3 mg/dL, whereas serum uric acid was elevated to 11.4 mg/dL. We diagnosed acute leukemia, probably acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), on the basis of peripheral blood film. Tumor lysis syndrome was suspected and the patient was hydrated well. Emergency leukapheresis was planned in view of hyperleukocytosis and breathlessness. But before we obtained additional samples for flow cytometry to confirm the diagnosis and before the initiation of leukapheresis, the patient developed seizures, after which he became comatose and died. Clinical course suggested a possible fatal intracranial hemorrhage as the preterminal event.
Sixth Nerve Palsy in Paediatric Intracranial Hypertension

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to report the incidence and describe the characteristics of sixth cranial nerve (CN VI) palsy in paediatric patients with intracranial hypertension (IH). A retrospective chart review of central Ohio children diagnosed with IH over the 3-year period from 2010 to 2013 was conducted. IH without identifiable cause was defined as idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), whereas IH with identifiable pathologic aetiology was deemed secondary intracranial hypertension (SIH). A subset of patients with CN VI palsy was identified. Data collected included patient age, gender, past medical history, aetiology of SIH, ophthalmic examination, lumbar puncture results, neuroimaging results, and response to treatment. Seventy-eight children with intracranial hypertension were included in the study. Nine (11.5%) children (four males, five females; median age 14, range: 3–18) were found to have a unilateral (n = 2) or bilateral (n = 7) CN VI palsy. Five children had IIH; the remaining four had SIH from cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (n = 2) and infection (n = 2). The mean lumbar puncture opening pressure for the nine patients with CN VI palsy was 40 cm H2O (range: 21–65 cm H2O). Papilloedema was present in 8/9 (89%) patients. One patient required a lumboperitoneal shunt, and two others required optic nerve sheath fenestrations in addition to medical management. All cases of CN VI palsy resolved with treatment. In our primary service area, the incidence of CN VI palsy is approximately 12% among paediatric IH patients. The majority of cases with CN VI palsy presented with papilloedema and all cases resolved with treatment of intracranial hypertension.
Interleukin-1 and the pathogenesis of the acute-phase response.

MICROBIAL invasion, tissue injury, immunologic reactions, and inflammatory processes induce a constellation of host responses collectively referred to as the acute-phase response. The response is characterized by changes in metabolic, endocrinologic, neurologic, and immunologic functions. Most of these changes are observed within hours or days after the onset of infection or inflammation, although many acute-phase changes also indicate persistent disease. The full spectrum of the response includes dramatic increases in the synthesis of hepatic acute-phase proteins, which contribute to elevated erythrocyte-sedimentation rates. Leukocytosis is commonly seen with increased numbers of circulating immature neutrophils; serum iron and zinc levels are depressed, .
CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIE DE TRAVERTINS DE PLUSIEURS RÉGIONS DU MAROC ET LEURS RELATIONS AVEC LE CONTEXTE PALÉOCLIMATIQUE GLOBAL

Les travertins sont abondants au Maroc oriental, et correspondent a des formations largement developpees au niveau des sources et des cascades au cours du Quaternaire. Les formations travertineuses soumises ici aux analyses radiochronologiques sont reparties dans differentes regions du Maroc (Errachidia, Lalla Mimouna, Debdou et Fes). On tente ainsi de definir le synchronisme des changements climatiques a une echelle continentale regionale et d'associer les periodes de forte humidite responsables des depots de travertins a des « paleo-moussons » issues de changements climatiques globaux, le terme « paleo-mousson » etant utilise dans le sens anglo-saxon qui evoque le deplacement de masses d'air oceanique vers le continent. Les travertins sont susceptibles d'avoir un enregistrement plus complet que ceux enregistres dans les planchers stalagmitiques, mais l'erosion peut en supprimer une partie. Les resultats preliminaires montrent que pour essayer de retrouver des cycles de precession de 23.000 ans responsables de ces paleo-moussons avec de faibles incertitudes durant les periodes comprises entre 500.000 et 100.000 ans, la spectrometrie de masse (TIMS ou ICP-MS) devra etre utilisee.
In silico Analysis of Isoniazid Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Altered drug binding may be an important factor in isoniazid (INH) resistance, rather than major changes in the enzyme’s activity as a catalase or peroxidase (KatG). The identification of structural or functional defects in the mutant KatGs responsible for INH resistance remains as an area to be explored. In this connection, the differences in the binding affinity between wild-type (WT) and mutants of KatG were investigated, through the generation of three mutants of KatG, Ser315Thr [S315T], Ser315Asn [S315N], Ser315Arg [S315R] and a WT [S315]) with the help of softwareMODELLER. The mutants were docked with INH using the software-GOLD. The affinity is lower for WT than mutant, suggesting the tight binding of INH with the mutant protein compared to WT type. These models provide the in silico evidence for the binding interaction of KatG with INH and implicate the basis for rationalization of INH resistance in naturally occurring KatG mutant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Keywords—Mycobacterium tuberculosis, KatG, INH resistance, Mutants, Modeling, Docking.
What Makes a Video Memorable?

Humans are exposed to many pictures and videos on a daily basis, but they have this exceptional ability to remember the details, even though many of them look very similar. This Video Memorability (VM) is mainly due to distinguishable and a fine representation of the frames in human mind that people tend to remember. Videos have an abundance data contained in the frames which can be used for feature extraction purposes. Each feature from each frame has to be carefully considered to determine the intrinsic property of the video i.e. memorability. Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), we propose a solution to the problem of predicting VM, by estimating its memorability. A model has been developed to predict VM using algorithmically extracted features. Two types of features (i) semantic features (ii) visual features have been considered. The effectiveness of the model has been tested using publicly available image and video data. The results confirm that the CNN model can predict memorability with a acceptable performance.
Reduction of cholera in Bangladeshi villages by simple filtration

Based on results of ecological studies demonstrating that Vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of epidemic cholera, is commensal to zooplankton, notably copepods, a simple filtration procedure was developed whereby zooplankton, most phytoplankton, and particulates >20 μm were removed from water before use. Effective deployment of this filtration procedure, from September 1999 through July 2002 in 65 villages of rural Bangladesh, of which the total population for the entire study comprised ≈133,000 individuals, yielded a 48% reduction in cholera (P < 0.005) compared with the control.
Gobernanza y gestión del agua en el Occidente de México: la metrópoli de Guadalajara

La disponibilidad de agua como tal no es el problema mas importante en la gestion del agua. La incertidumbre se situa en la capacidad para implementar sistemas de control, distribucion y acceso al agua de una forma equitativa. Garantizar el acceso de agua potable a toda la poblacion no es un problema financiero sino politico, un asunto de prioridad . Ahora disponemos de un vasto conocimiento y herramientas aplicables en el campo de la hidrologia, biotecnologia e ingenieria del agua, pero nuestro entendimiento sobre procesos socioeconomicos, culturales y politicos involucrados en la gestion del agua, sigue siendo limitado. En este libro, desde diferentes angulos, se analizan formas de gestion del agua, escenarios de gobernanza, conflictos sociales y soluciones de caracter sociopolitico y tecnico encaminadas a un manejo mas sustentable del agua con posibilidades de ser apropiado socialmente. La obra tiene un fuerte componente con tintes de ecologia politica alrededor de los conflictos por el agua en la metropoli de Guadalajara y la cuenca Lerma–Chapala–Santiago, sobre todo en aquellos casos donde coinciden situaciones de deterioro ambiental y formas inadecuadas de desarrollo urbano. En las alternativas que se analizan y proponen, se descubre una rica diversidad que encabezan organizaciones sociales, ciudadanos, actores sociopoliticos, universidades e instituciones con diferentes niveles de impacto, vinculacion y trayectorias. Se distinguen escalas y formas de gobernanza del agua a nivel de cuenca, zona metropolitana de Guadalajara, municipios y sistemas hidrograficos (microcuencas y sistemas de abastecimiento), ademas de revisar estilos de desarrollo urbano asociados al manejo del agua con una perspectiva de analisis y de propuesta.
Alu elements and hominid phylogenetics

Alu elements have inserted in primate genomes throughout the evolution of the order. One particular Alu lineage (Ye) began amplifying relatively early in hominid evolution and continued propagating at a low level as many of its members are found in a variety of hominid genomes. This study represents the first conclusive application of short interspersed elements, which are considered nearly homoplasy-free, to elucidate the phylogeny of hominids. Phylogenetic analysis of Alu Ye5 elements and elements from several other subfamilies reveals high levels of support for monophyly of Hominidae, tribe Hominini and subtribe Hominina. Here we present the strongest evidence reported to date for a sister relationship between humans and chimpanzees while clearly distinguishing the chimpanzee and human lineages.
Prostate Segmentation and Regions of Interest Detection in Transrectal Ultrasound Images

The early detection of prostate cancer plays a significant role in the success of treatment and outcome. To detect prostate cancer, imaging modalities such as TransRectal UltraSound (TRUS) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are relied on. MRI images are more comprehensible than TRUS images which are corrupted by noise such as speckles and shadowing. However, MRI screening is costly, often unavailable in many community hospitals, time consuming, and requires more patient preparation time. Therefore, TRUS is more popular for screening and biopsy guidance for prostate cancer. For these reasons, TRUS images are chosen in this research. Radiologists first segment the prostate image from ultrasound image and then identify the hypoechoic regions which are more likely to exhibit cancer and should be considered for biopsy. In this thesis, the focus is on prostate segmentation and on Regions of Interest (ROI) segmentation. First, the extraneous tissues surrounding the prostate gland are eliminated. Consequently, the process of detecting the cancerous regions is focused on the prostate gland only. Thus, the diagnosing process is significantly shortened. Also, segmentation techniques such as thresholding, region growing, classification, clustering, Markov random field models, artificial neural networks (ANNs), atlas-guided, and deformable models are investigated. In this dissertation, the deformable model technique is selected because it is capable of segmenting difficult images such as ultrasound images. Deformable models are classified as either parametric or geometric deformable models. For the prostate segmentation, one of the parametric deformable models, Gradient Vector Flow (GVF) deformable contour, is adopted because it is capable of segmenting the prostate gland, even if the initial contour is not close to the prostate boundary. The manual segmentation of ultrasound images not only consumes much time and effort, but also leads to operator-dependent results. Therefore, a fully automatic prostate segmentation algorithm is proposed based on knowledge-based rules. The new algorithm results are evaluated with respect to their manual outlining by using distance-based and area-based metrics. Also, the novel technique is compared with two well-known semi-automatic algorithms to illustrate its superiority. With hypothesis testing, the proposed algorithm is statistically superior to the other two algorithms. The newly developed algorithm is operator-independent and capable of accurately segmenting a prostate gland with any shape and orientation from the ultrasound
The cat step cycle: Electromyographic patterns for hindlimb muscles during posture and unrestrained locomotion

The telemetered electromyographic activity (EMG) of select hindlimb muscles of unrestrained cats during standing, walking, trotting, and galloping have been recorded. Simultaneous cinematographic records permitted close correlation of muscle activity and locomotor behavior. In general, the pattern of extensor activity of the ankle, knee, and hip during locomotion is fairly consistent, while that of the flexors is more variable.
Quantification of the Finger Functional Range via Explicit Descriptions of Reachable Subspaces

In recent times, the finger flexibility assessment by means of reachable space is considered as an effective tool to describe the range of motion of the hand. Existing approaches numerically compute the reachable space using forward kinematics such as exhaustive scanning or Monte Carlo methods. In this paper, we provide explicit formulas mathematically determining the reachable space boundary. Green's theorem is used to deduce the corresponding capacity formula for the size of the reachable space as opposed to an implicit numerical solution. Using this new mechanism, we accurately quantify and compare the reachable space of different subjects in order to effectively compare the functionality of the fingers. We evaluate the performance of our proposed method against the kinematic feed-forward (KFF) approach in calculating the reachable space. The execution time to capture the reachable space is significantly less than that for the standard KFF method. The computational cost for quantifying the reachable space capacity is significantly improved due to explicit capacity formulas resulting from the abstract form of boundary descriptions of the reachable space, unique to the proposed approach.