Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rehabilitation following cancer treatment

Abstract Purpose: Cancer survivorship is increasing. However, life-saving treatments often leave people with physical, cognitive and emotional sequelae that contribute to activity and participation limitations. The purpose of this review is to summarize current evidence regarding rehabilitation interventions to address problems during survivorship. Method: Best evidence synthesis. The review took as its starting point a systematic review of patient needs and supportive care interventions following cancer treatment. The study team identified the needs which could be addressed by rehabilitation and suggested others not originally included. Then they built on the earlier review’s conclusions regarding effective intervention through extraction of results from subsequent systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials. Results: Evidence regarding the effectiveness of potential rehabilitation interventions was reviewed for physical functioning, fatigue, pain, sexual functioning, cognitive functioning, depression, employment, nutrition and participation. With the exception of physical rehabilitation interventions following breast cancer, this literature tends to focus on psychoeducational interventions, which have demonstrated limited effectiveness for rehabilitation outcomes. Conclusions: Most of the knowledge available regarding potential rehabilitation interventions comes from psychosocial oncology literature. While there are limitations, this literature provides an excellent starting point to examine the potential effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions within cancer survivorship programs. Implications for Rehabilitation Good evidence exists for the use of exercise/physical rehabilitation in reducing fatigue after treatment for most cancers, and improving upper extremity functioning following treatment for breast cancer. Preliminary evidence exists in a number of areas that may be improved by rehabilitation interventions, such as pain, sexual functioning, cognitive functioning and return to work, but further research is needed. No intervention studies addressing participation limitations were identified. Rehabilitation professionals are encouraged to take the lead in exploring participation limitations among cancer survivors and developing suitable interventions.
Persistent genital human papillomavirus infection as a risk factor for persistent cervical dysplasia.

BACKGROUND Cervical dysplasia, also referred to as squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) in cytology or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in histopathology, is thought to have the potential to advance in progressive stages to cervical cancer. However, not all cases of SIL progress, and most of the mild lesions spontaneously regress. Factors that govern regression, persistence, and progression of SIL are poorly understood. PURPOSE Our analysis sought to identify factors that determined persistence or regression of SIL. METHODS Seventy subjects with histopathologically confirmed cervical dysplasia were followed at 3-month intervals for 15 months. At each visit, the cervix was evaluated by Pap smear and colposcopy, and exfoliated cervicovaginal cells were analyzed for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. For each subject, data from every two consecutive visits were grouped as a pair. Persistent SIL was considered present if a lesion was detected at a visit (t) as well as at the next visit (t + 1) and absent if a lesion was detected at visit t but not at visit t + 1. A statistical model for time-dependent data correlated persistent SIL with various risk factors. RESULTS Age, ethnicity, education, sexual behavior, smoking, and the use of oral contraceptives did not correlate with persistent SIL. The risk of persistent SIL was associated with continual HPV infection in visits t and t + 1 (HPV positive by Southern blot analysis: odds ratio [OR] = 3.91, and 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.58-9.65; HPV positive by polymerase chain reaction [PCR]: OR = 2.42, and 95% CI = 1.03-5.67) and a persistent high viral load (OR = 4.07, and 95% CI = 1.35-12.30). When typed by PCR, individuals with type-specific persistent infection in visits t and t + 1, and particularly those with a continual high viral load (OR = 4.97; 95% CI = 1.45-17.02), had the highest risk for persistent SIL compared with those with a low level of type-specific persistent infection or non-type-specific persistent infection. The presence of persistent HPV infection in visits t-1 (the preceding time interval) was also predictive of persistent SIL in visits t and t + 1, although the strength of association was weaker, suggesting that persistent HPV and SIL occur synchronously. CONCLUSION HPV infection and its associated cervical lesions tend to occur concurrently, and type-specific persistent HPV infection, particularly with a high viral load, produces chronic cervical dysplasia. IMPLICATIONS The natural history of genital HPV infection directly influences the prognosis of cervical dysplasia as measured by persistence of the lesion. Testing for HPV infection may be valuable in the clinical management of women with cervical dysplasia.
Indocyanine Green Angiography Findings in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Background and objectives: To study the abnormalities in the choroidal circulation in cases of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and to compare it with fundus fluorescein angiography. Setting and Design: Prospective, interventional and non comparative case series in a tertiary eye care institute. Material and Methods: 40 consecutive cases of CSC were included in the study. A complete clinical ophthalmological examination was performed. Simultaneous fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were done using confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope and the digital images were analyzed. Results: FA showed leakage at the level of retinal pigment epithelium in all the cases (η=40, 100%) of CSC. Surrounding these leakage points, ICGA demonstrated choroidal filling delay (η=31, 77.5%), abnormal choroidal hyperfluorescence (η=34, 85%), venous dilatation (η=24, 60%) and persistent small localized hypofluorescence (η=28, 70%). Conclusion: Abnormality of the choroidal circulation in the form of regional vascular hyperpermeability was observed in CSC, which might be attributed to the disease pathogenesis.
Cytotoxic Cardenolide and Sterols from Calotropis Gigantea

The dichloromethane extract from the leaves of Calotropis gigantea Linn. was strongly cytotoxic against non-small cell lung carcinoma (A549), colon carcinoma (HCT 116) and hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep G2), and non toxic to Chinese hamster ovary (AA8). The extract afforded uscharin (1), 3,5,8-trihydroxy-24-methylcholest-6,22-diene (2), a mixture of (24R)-3β-hydroxy-24-ethylcholest-5-en-7-one (3a) and 6β-hydroxy-24-ethylcholest-4,22-dien-3-one (3b), and another mixture of (24R)-24-ethylcholest-4-en-3-one (4a) and (24S)-24-ethylcholest-4,22-dien-3-one (4b). Cardenolide 1 exhibited extreme toxicity to A549, HCT 116 and Hep G2 with IC50 values of 0.003 μg/mL, 0.013 μg/mL, and 0.018 μg/mL, respectively, while sample 3 exhibited an IC50 of 1.35 μg/mL, 4.46 μg/mL, and 3.83 μg/mL, respectively.
Is surface orientation a determinant for colonisation patterns of vagile and sessile macrobenthos on artificial reefs?

In order to examine how substratum colonisation can affect community structure, a 1-year study was conducted at the Faro/Ancão artificial reef (Algarve, Portugal). In the study of hard substratum communities, motile species are usually neglected and only the conspicuous species are taken into account. Therefore, the development of vagile and sessile components of the epibiotic community were analysed separately. Differences between assemblages on horizontal surfaces, but not on vertical surfaces, were detected. Multivariate analysis detected differences in macrobenthic community structure either considering sessile or motile components. However, significant differences were only detected for vagile fauna. Moreover, this study suggests that for hard substratum communities, analysis of the vagile fauna is important and should be taken into account in the functioning of the artificial raft.
Electrodermal Reactivity Moderates the Prospective Association Between Peer Victimization and Depressive Symptoms in Early Adolescence

The present study examined whether skin conductance level reactivity (SCLR) moderated prospective associations linking peer victimization with externalizing behaviors and depressive symptoms across the transition to middle school. Participants included 123 early adolescents (M age = 12.03 years at T1; 50% male; 58.5% European Americans, 35% African Americans, 6.5% of other races/ethnicities). At Time 1, SCLR was measured in the context of peer-evaluative challenges, and early adolescents and teachers reported on peer victimization. At Time 1 and Time 2, early adolescents and parents reported on depressive symptoms and externalizing behaviors, respectively. SCLR moderated prospective associations between peer victimization and depressive symptoms, such that both adolescent- and teacher-reported peer victimization predicted higher Time 2 depressive symptoms more strongly at lower levels of SCLR compared to higher levels of SCLR. SCLR did not moderate the prospective association between peer victimization and externalizing behaviors. Results of the present study suggest that low reactivity in the inhibitory dimension of the sympathetic nervous system may increase vulnerability to depressive symptoms in the context of peer victimization, whereas higher reactivity may operate as a protective factor.
A Comparison of Conversational Quality in Online and Face-to-Face First Encounters

Students encountering each other for the first time were asked to converse for 30 minutes either face-to-face or through online chat. Conversational quality was compared to examine the possibility that specific social differences in communicative style are reduced or erased in online chat. As expected, gender differences evident in face-to-face conversation were absent online. However, conversational differences between experienced and inexperienced online chat users were, on the whole, similar across conditions. More generally, online chat appeared to produce less sequential connectivity, greater self-focus, and less other-focus than did face-to-face conversation.
Assessment of regional cerebral blood flow by dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI using different deconvolution techniques

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was assessed using dynamic susceptibility‐contrast MRI at 1.5 T. A simultaneous dual FLASH pulse sequence and Gd‐DTPA‐BMA (0.3 mmol/kg b.w.) were used for examination of 43 volunteers, measuring rCBF in frontal white matter (WM) and in gray matter in the thalamus (GM). Arterial input functions (AIFs) were registered 1) in the carotid artery and 2) in an artery within the GM/WM slice. The measured concentration‐vs.‐time curve was deconvolved with the AIF using both Fourier Transform (FT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). Relative rCBF was given by the height of the deconvolved response curve. For each volunteer, eight different rCBF maps were calculated, representing different combinations of deconvolution techniques, AIFs, and filters. The average GM–WM rCBF ratios ranged from 2.0–2.2, depending on methodology. Absolute rCBF was 68 ± 28 ml/(min 100 g) in GM and 35 ± 13 ml/(min 100g) in WM (mean ± SD, n = 39). GM–WM rCBF ratios obtained using SVD were 6–10% higher than corresponding ratios obtained using FT. Magn Reson Med 43:691–700, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Computers as components - principles of embedded computing system design

Chapter 1 - Embedded Computing Chapter 2 - Instruction Sets Chapter 3 - CPUs Chapter 4 - The Embedded Computing Platform Chapter 5 - Program Design and Analysis Chapter 6 - Processes and Operating Systems Chapter 7 - Hardware Accelerators Chapter 8 - Networks Chapter 9 - System Design Techniques Appendix A - UML Notations Appendix B - Notes on Hardware Design
The neglected sense–olfaction in primate behavior, ecology, and evolution

This special issue emerged from a symposium held during the 20th Congress of the International Primatological Society in Torino, Italy, in August 2004. The symposium brought together scientists studying several different aspects of olfaction in primates. The topics addressed ranged from the morphology and physiology of the sensory apparatus, the genetics and chemistry of olfactory signals and the use of such signals in primate communication, to a comparative analysis of the role of olfaction in neural evolution. The papers in this issue reflect a surge of interest in diverse aspects of olfaction–an interest that has been stimulated by the more rigorous theoretical approaches and new techniques that have recently become available. This introduction briefly reviews past research on primate olfaction, summarizes the scope of this special issue, and provides a somewhat speculative glimpse of the future. Am. J. Primatol. 68:519–524, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Isolated fractures of the greater tuberosity in proximal humerus: does the direction of displacement influence functional outcome? An analysis of displacement in greater tuberosity fractures.

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK The treatment of isolated fractures of the greater tuberosity of the proximal humerus is still debated, especially in the case of minimally dispaced fractures. Differently from other proximal humerus fractures this kind of injury frequently affects young patients with high functional request. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of patients treated conservatively for greater tubero-sity isolated fractures, comparing the clinical results in patients with different direction of fracture displacement. METHODS 38 patients with isolated fracture of greater tuberosity participated to the study and were evaluated at 17 months (10-26) of follow up using Constant Murley Score and DASH Score. Patients were divided in groups with different direction of displacement (10 no displacement, 13 postero-superior, 6 antero-superior and 9 antero-inferior displacement). RESULTS Patients with no displaced fractures had a mean Constant Murley Score of 82 and a mean DASH Score of 15; those with postero-superior displacement had a mean a Constant Murley Score of 61 and a mean DASH Score of 43; for antero-superior displacement the mean Constant Murley Score was 76 and the mean DASH Score of 18; for the antero-inferiorly displaced the mean Constant Murley Score was 83 and the DASH Score 16. CONCLUSION Data suggest that postero-superior displacement leads to poorer outcomes than undisplaced or displaced in other directions fractures treated conservatively.
N-formylmethionyl-sRNA as the initiator of protein synthesis.

$ International postdoctoral fellow of the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service. Permanent address: Instituto Marafi6n, Centro de Investigationes Biologicas, C.S. I.C. , Madrid, Spain. § Postdoctoral fellow of the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service (to August 31, 1965). 1 Salas, M. , M. A. Smith, W. M. Stanley, Jr., A. J. Wahba, and S. Ochoa, J. Biol. Chem., 240, 3988 (1965). 2 Shorthand writing of polynucleotides and abbreviations for nucleotides, amino acid residues in polypeptide chains, etc., are as recommended by J. Biol. Chem. and previously used (ref. 1). 3 See Khorana, H. G. , Federation Proc., in press. 4 Fiers, W. , and H. G. Khorana, J. Biol. Chem., 238, 2789 (1963). Rushizky, G. W. , C. A. Knight, and H. A. Sober, J. Biol. Chem., 236, 2732 (1961). 6 Staehelin, M. , Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 49, 11 (1961). 7 Thach, R. E. , and P. Doty, Science, 147, 1310 (1965). 8 Folk, J. E. , R. C. Brannberg, and J. A. Gladner, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 47, 595 (1961). 9 Folk, J. E. , and J. A. Gladner, J. Biol. Chem., 231, 379 (1958). 10 Terzaghi, E. , Y. Okada, G. Streisinger, A. Tsugita, M. Inouye, and J. Emrich, Science, 150, 387 (1965). 11 Thach, R. E. , M. A. Cecere, T. A. Sundaranjan, and P. Doty, these PROCEEDINGS, 54, 1167 (1965). 12 Nirenberg, M. W. , and P. Leder, Science, 145, 1399 (1964). 13Matthaei, J. H. , Naturwissenschaften, in press.
Identifying Parallel Web Pages

Research on statistical machine translation and corpus-based approaches for cross-language information retrieval depend on the availability of multilingual data, particularly in the form of parallel corpora (collections of equivalent texts in two or more languages). However, the scarcity of parallel corpora limits the development of these applications. The Web is a vast repository of multilingual information, which has motivated research aimed at mining corpora from it. In this article, we present PPLocator an approach for locating parallel Web pages. PPLocator was designed to be effective while keeping a low processing cost, thus it avoids making exhaustive pairwise comparisons in order to identify the candidate pairs. In addition, it tries to minimize the number of pages that need to be downloaded during the intra-site crawl. An important characteristic of our approach is that it does not rely on resources such as dictionaries, translators, or language identifiers. PPLocator demands little effort from the human expert. Experiments using real Web data from over 284K pages attest for the viability of PPLocator. The results show superiority in relation to a baseline system in terms of both recall and precision, despite the fact that the baseline uses more resources.
BLOOD AND EXTRACELLULAR FLUID BUFFERS Acid Conjugate base H 2 CO 3 HCO 3 – Albumin-H Albumin – H 2

Acid-base physiology is among the most complex topics in clinical medicine. Disturbances of this system are common in the critically ill, and important clinical decisions based on measured acid-base parameters occur on a daily, even hourly basis. Therefore, a sound understanding of acid-base physiology is mandatory for the intensivist. The field is full of complicated concepts and equations that, at times, have only limited applicability to the practicing clinician due to the failure of any current model to faithfully and completely recapitulate the complex buffering process in vivo. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a conceptual introduction to the current approach to acid-base physiology, while de-emphasizing calculations and formulas. The goal is not to know how to derive the commonly used formulas, but rather to understand the meaning of measured and derived acid-base parameters that are used clinically, and how they may—or may not—help in answering three essential questions in the critically ill patient with an acid-base disturbance:
STRESS IN FAMILIES OF CHILDREN WITH MYELOMENINGOCELE

Three aspects of stress were investigated in 56 families with a child with myelomeningocele and in 53 matched comparison families. Children with myelomeningocele were found to have lower self–concepts than the comparison children, but this did not apply to the siblings in the two groups. Severity of handicap was related to marital satisfaction, in that parents of more severely handicapped children had higher levels of marital satisfaction than parents of less severely involved children. The findings imply that ways should be found of improving the self–concepts of children with myelomeningocele, and of examining interrelationships between the child's self–concept and patterns of family interaction.
Noise-induced transitions in human postural sway.

Correlation functions with multiple scaling regions occur in the description of the fluctuations in the center of pressure during quiet standing. Postural sway is modeled as an inverted pendulum with a delayed feedback constructed such that for deviations beyond a spatial threshold a constant restoring force is engaged. In the absence of noise, two stable limit cycles coexist. The correlation function depends on the added noise intensity: at intermediate noise levels three scaling regions appear whereas only two occur for high noise levels. Our observations suggest that correlation functions with multiple scaling regions reflect noise-induced transitions in bistable dynamical systems. @S1063-651X~96! 00112-2#
Effects of physical training on exercise blood flow and enzymatic activity in skeletal muscle.

Six weeks' physical training of seven healthy subjects was followed by a mean decrease of exercise muscle blood flow (ml./100 g/min) from 32·7 to 22·6 and an increase of succinic dehydrogenase activity ( V O2 μl./g/min) from 33·0 to 47·4 in vastus lateralis muscle. Estimated maximal aerobic power ( V O2 max.) increased by 30%. These results support the hypothesis based on previous evidences that the main circulatory changes in physical training occur in the circulation of the skeletal muscle.
UNIT ROOT INFERENCE FOR NON-STATIONARY LINEAR PROCESSES DRIVEN BY INFINITE VARIANCE INNOVATIONS

The contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, we derive the asymptotic null distribution of the familiar augmented Dickey-Fuller [ADF] statistics in the case where the shocks follow a linear process driven by infinite variance innovations. We show that these distributions are free of serial correlation nuisance parameters but depend on the tail index of the infinite variance process. These distributions are shown to coincide with the corresponding results for the case where the shocks follow a finite autoregression, provided the lag length in the ADF regression satisfies the same o(T1/3) rate condition as is required in the finite variance case. In addition, we establish the rates of consistency and (where they exist) the asymptotic distributions of the ordinary least squares sieve estimates from the ADF regression. Given the dependence of their null distributions on the unknown tail index, our second contribution is to explore sieve wild bootstrap implementations of the ADF tests. Under the assumption of symmetry, we demonstrate the asymptotic validity (bootstrap consistency) of the wild bootstrap ADF tests. This is done by establishing that (conditional on the data) the wild bootstrap ADF statistics attain the same limiting distribution as that of the original ADF statistics taken conditional on the magnitude of the innovations.
Reduction by carbachol of ventricular conduction impairments induced by various class I antiarrhythmic drugs in anesthetized dogs.

A common property of all Class I antiarrhythmic agents is the inhibition of the fast inward current INa. Consequently, ventricular conduction velocities are impaired and reentrant phenomena are counteracted. Unfortunately, these conductive pathway disturbances may also induce proarrhythmic effects and reduce cardiac contractility. Recent evidence indicates that a cholinergic agonist, carbachol, is able to correct in vitro both the duration of the action potential and the partial depolarization induced by lidocaine and quinidine in rabbit atria. In the present study, we demonstrated that i.v. carbachol is also a powerful agent in vivo for correcting conductive disturbances previously induced by four different Class I antiarrhythmic agents. The electrophysiological and hemodynamic parameters of ten groups of atropinized-anesthetized dogs, including six animals per group, were investigated. QRS duration, HV and V-St intervals were selected as in vivo indexes of ventricular conduction. Quinidine, procainamide, cibenzoline and flecainide were selected as representative agents of Class Ia and Ic antiarrhythmic drugs. In all treated groups, carbachol (1 mg/kg) was able to correct the indexes of ventricular conduction previously impaired by the antiarrhythmic drug used.