Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
cDNA-AFLP analysis of Candida oleophila (strain O) genes differentially expressed during the biocontrol of Botrytis cinerea on harvested apples.

Gènes potentially involved in thé biocontrol activity of Candida oleophila strain O against Botrytis cinerea on stored apples were identified by cDNA-AFLP. Gène expression of strain O in thé absence (O) and in thé présence (OB) of B. cinerea spores was compared after 7 h of incubation at 25°C on apple wounds. A total of 1467 (O) and of 1214 (OB) cDNA fragments were visualised using 15 primer pair combinations, thé average number of fragments per primer pair being respectively 105 and 87. Of thèse fragments, 73 were differentially expressed in O compared to OB: 61 down-regulated (4.2%) and 12 up-regulated (1%). Among them, nine sequenced fragments were subjected to real-time RT-PCR to confirm their differential expression. Confirmation was observed for three down-regulated gènes (mitochondrial inner membrane transporter, NADP(+)-dependent dehydrogenase, and alcohol dehydrogenase 2) and one up-regulated gène (acid phosphatase).
CONTROL OF THE POTATO CYST NEMATODE, GLOBODERA ROSTOCHIENSIS, WITH SOIL SOLARIZATION AND NEMATICIDES

A trial was undertaken in Italy in 1997/98 to assess the effectiveness of different soil treatments for the control of the potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, on potato. Soil solarization periods were four, six and eight weeks. The fumigant nematicides were applied seven months before planting at the rate of 150 l/ha 1,3-D and 500 kg/ha dazomet. The non-fumigant nernaticides were applied at the rate of 10 kg/ha aldicarb and fenamiphos and 12 kg/ha ethoprophos, as a single application before planting or split between planting and one month after potato germination. Maximum soil temperature 43-44 °C in solarized soil occurred at 10 cm depth. Nematode egg survival was 6.8-17, 27.8 and 6.1% in plots treated with soil solarization, dazomet and 1,3-D, respectively. These treatments and the non-volatile nematicides aldicarb, fenamiphos and ethoprophos significantly suppressed nematode reproduction with a split application of aldicarb giving the least (0.82) reproduction rate. All treatments greatly reduced the numbers of nematodes in potato roots. Marketable potato tuber yield increased significantly in all plots (20-43.4%) except in those treated with split applications of fenamiphos and ethoprophos.
Interactions between litter and water availability affect seedling emergence in four familial pairs of floodplain species

1 We studied seedling emergence in four familial pairs of floodplain herbs in response to the experimental manipulation of soil moisture and litter cover to analyse (i) whether the effect of litter changes from negative under humid to positive under dry conditions, and (ii) whether the response to changing water and light conditions with increasing litter cover varies among species and plant families. 2 We carried out a controlled pot experiment using four levels of litter cover (0 g, 2 g, 4 g and 8 g litter per pot, corresponding to 0 kg m−2, 0.2 kg m−2, 0.4 kg m−2 and 0.8 kg m−2) and two levels of water‐addition, leading to constantly humid substrate or intermittently dry topsoil. 3 Across water‐additions, percentage emergence reached a peak at low levels of litter cover (0.2 kg m−2 and 0.4 kg m−2). There was a significant litter × water‐addition interaction in six species, with positive effects of litter under intermittently dry conditions and negative or neutral effects under constantly humid conditions. Litter lowered maximum temperature as well as amplitude, and alleviated soil humidity under low water supply, while imposing increasingly shaded conditions. Analysis of species‐ and family‐specific responses suggested that germination under a litter cover of 0.8 kg m−2 was significantly reduced in smaller‐seeded species (i.e. those that tend to have higher light demands for germination). 4 Our results suggest that transfer of seed‐containing plant litter can aid restoration projects if applied at 0.2–0.4 kg m−2. Below these levels, establishment of most species may be inhibited by drought, while higher amounts will increasingly suppress seedling emergence, especially of small‐seeded species. 5 In addition to facilitation effects observed between living plants, dead plant remains may also exert positive effects on establishment. The sign of the litter effect on seedling emergence depends on soil humidity, with negative effects seen above a threshold amount, which is species‐ and family‐specific and is closely related to seed size. Whether positive litter effects in grasslands are a consequence of coevolution remains to be examined.
Dos modelos para la predicción de incendios forestales en Whitecourt Forest, Canadá

El area forestal de Whitecourt, Alberta, Canada, ha servido como zona piloto para el desarrollo de dos modelos de prediccion diaria de incendios forestales causados por agentes de ignicion humanos: uno es un modelo de regresion logaritmica (el modelo logit) y el otro un modelo de red neuronal artificial. Ambos modelos alcanzaron una precision similar en sus predicciones (74 vs. 76%). Este articulo describe la metodologia seguida para el desarrollo de los modelos, presenta los resultados alcanzados y discute las implicaciones de su posible aplicacion practica en la planificacion de la extincion.
Incorporating stable isotopes into a multidisciplinary framework to improve data inference and their conservation and management application§

Through its ability to address complex ecological questions and the possibility of analysing large sample sizes to understand population‑level processes, the use of stable isotope analysis (δ13C and δ15N) has grown rapidly in recent years. Importantly, it is now becoming an accepted tool to derive data for conservation and management planning at the species, community and ecosystem levels. With this acceptance, however, the stable isotope research community faces new challenges to ensure that data are interpreted and presented effectively to maximise their potential for guiding management. We present a case study on stable isotope trends in the vertebrae of white sharks Carcharodon carcharias to show how multiple plausible explanations could be provided to explain the observed isotopic patterns, a point that is likely ubiquitous among isotope studies in ecology. Based on this, we promote that integrating stable isotope data in a multidisciplinary framework will generate the most reliable data for conservationists and resource managers. If this is not possible, we suggest that the isotope community should be more accepting of presenting multiple possible explanations for trends observed in data, rather than focusing on a single interpretation that could potentially misguide management.
Behavioural intention to use ict in teaching science among lecturers in Nigerian Polytechnic

Nigeria is investing in information and communication technology (ICT) to improve students’ learning outcome and the quality of education. However, based on research literature, the use of computer in the teaching of science by lecturers is underutilised. Therefore, the study was conducted to investigate the intention to use computer in teaching science among lecturers in North Eastern Polytechnic. The study aimed at examining the relationship between perceptions, attitude, and other factors responsible for lecturer’s behavioural intention towards the use of computer in teaching science. A quantitative design followed by supporting interview was used to execute the study and address the research objectives. Two hundred and sixty-nine (269) lecturers were selected from a population of 715 lecturers. Quantitative data were obtained from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) inventory and the validated questionnaire was used in the study. The data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Qualitative data were obtained using semi-structured interview protocol to facilitate interviews with five participants who were purposefully selected for this phase of the study. The qualitative phase of the study aimed at exploring important factors responsible for the intention to use ICT in science teaching. The findings showed the significance of perceived ease of use on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness are significant on attitude while perceived usefulness and attitude are significant on behavioural intention. Perceived ease of use was moderately significant towards behavioural intention against the TAM model. The moderators such as gender, age, and teaching experience showed influence on perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitude toward behavioural intention. Suggestions were made to provide incentives for lecturers who practise ICT and Trainings, workshops, and professional development courses should be provided to train lecturers on incorporating ICT in their teachings.
Portfolio: How to Develop

E-portfolio can advance self-coordinated learning and helping profession improvement. Medical attendants are in charge of remaining side by side of current expert information and dealing with their own vocation, proficient development and advancement, and in a perfect world, practices to help these exercises should begin amid their understudy years. Enthusiasm for electronic or e portfolios is gathering force as educationalists investigate their potential as a methodology for encouraging deep rooted learning and improving on-going individual and expert advancement. In this paper, we display an outline of e-portfolios and their application to nurture training, featuring potential advantages and contemplations of use. We contend that the e-portfolio can speak to a credible method for surveying intellectual, intelligent and full of feeling aptitudes. Moreover, the e-portfolio gives a method through which medical attendants can record and give proof of abilities, accomplishments, encounter, proficient improvement and on-going learning
Structure-function analysis of G-protein coupled receptors

Partial table of contents: Overview of Mutagenesis Techniques (T. Fong). The Substituted--Cysteine Accessibility Method (J. Javitch). Metal--Ions as Atomic Scale Probes of G Protein--Coupled Receptor Structure (J. Schetz & D. Sibley). Genetic Approaches for Studying the Structure and Function of G Protein--Coupled Receptors in Yeast (C. Sommers & M. Dumont). Electron--Crystallographic Analysis of Two--Dimensional Rhodopsin Crystals (G. Schertler). Site--Directed Spin--Labeling (SDSL) Studies of the G Protein--Coupled Receptor Rhodopsin (D. Farrens). Lead Discovery and Development for G Protein--Coupled Receptors (D. Underwood & M. Cascieri). Index.
A call for interdisciplinary collaboration between video game designers and health care professionals to fight obesity

More than 26% of Canadian adults are obese and 12% of school-aged children are overweight or obese; together, this accounts for an annual health care cost of $3.9 billion in Canada [1]. Obesity contributes to the early development of a number of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, colorectal cancer, depression and premature death [1]. Some commonly reported barriers to regular physical activity include lack of time, social support, space to exercise, transportation and funds to buy equipment or join facilities [2].
Effect of carrot extracts on Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of alcoholic and watery extracts of carrots on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The effect of cold alcoholic and watery extracts of carrots on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was done by wells and filter papers methods, in addition the sensitivity of bacteria to the antibiotics as Ampicillin Tetracycline and Trimethprim on the growth of the bacteria in vitro was performed by serial dilutions of the carrot extracts. The results revealed that the treatments with carrot extracts especially the alcoholic extract was more efficient to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro.
AZF REGION MICRODELETION OF CHROMOSOME Y AND INFERTILITY

Objective: Study carried out between the years 2009 and 2010 in the cities of Barranquilla and Sincelejo that has as main objective to determine the microdeletions in the DAZ region of the Y chromosome in infertile men. Materials and Methods: study was developed with a sample of 33 men, selected in specialized consultation, previous confirmation of infertility through spermograms studies. Seventeen STSs were analyzed from different azoospermia regions in addition to the SRY, the DS271 and the Kaly gene. DNA extraction from peripheral blood through Bio-mol protocol, PCR multiplex master Como citar este articulo: Gonzalez G, Silvera C, Vasquez JF. Microdeleciones de regiones AZF del cromosoma Y e infertilidad. Biosalud. 2013;12(2):9-23.
Novel mechanism of Col10a1 nonsense-mediated mRNA decay

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a conserved surveillance mechanism that selectively targets mRNA transcripts carrying premature termination codons (PTCs) for rapid degradation in all studied eukaryotes. Mutations that introduce PTCs account for approximately one-third of all inherited genetic disorders, highlighting the importance of NMD in the molecular pathology of many diseases. The experimental findings presented in this thesis demonstrate that the mechanism of Col10a1 NMD is different to previously described NMD pathways and could represent a failsafe NMD mechanism used by genes that have similar gene structures to COL10A1, which would escape the canonical NMD pathway.
Anomalies moléculaires de la voie MAPK et cancer papillaire de la thyroïde : étude de deux phosphatases spécifiques de ERK, DUSP5 et DUSP6

Le cancer papillaire de la thyroide (CPT) est la tumeur endocrine la plus frequente. Des anomalies moleculaires activant la voie des MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases) sont identifiees, de facon mutuellement exclusive, dans environ 70% des cas. Il s’agit de rearrangements chromosomiques, le plus souvent de type RET/PTC (10%), de mutations ponctuelles activatrices des trois isoformes de l’oncogene RAS (H, N et K-RAS) (10%), ou de l’oncogene B-RAF (50%). La mutation « hot spot » B-RAFV600E est la plus frequemment identifiee, elle est associee a une plus grande agressivite clinique (diagnostic a un stade tardif, risque de recidives et de deces accru). Ces evenements moleculaires ont pour consequence commune l’activation de la voie des MAPK, se traduisant en aval par la phosphorylation de MEK (Mitogen-activated Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase) puis de ERK (Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase). Cette derniere est regulee negativement par des phosphatases, appartenant a la famille des Dual Specificity Phosphatases (DUSPs), d’expression ubiquitaire, et en particulier de deux phosphatases specifiques de ERK, l’une cytoplasmique (DUSP6) et l’autre nucleaire (DUSP5). Nous avons fait l’hypothese que ces phosphatases pouvaient etre soit des genes suppresseurs de tumeurs (leur perte d’expression conduisant a une augmentation de phosphorylation de ERK et une proliferation accrue), soit des marqueurs du degre d’activation de la voie MAPK dans le cadre d’une boucle de retrocontrole negatif. Ceci nous a conduits a analyser la regulation et l’expression de ces phosphatases dans trois modeles : la lignee cellulaire PCCL3 (thyroide de rat), exprimant l’un des trois principaux oncogenes mutes dans les CPT (RET/PTC3 ou H-RASV12 ou B-RAFV600E) sous le controle d’un promoteur inductible par la doxycycline, des lignees cellulaires humaines derivant de CPT et des CPT humains. (.)
Mangrove vegetation: an evolutionary perspective

The world-wide occurrence of mangrove vegetation and the modern floristic divergence between the Indo–Pacific and the Atlantic mangroves, can only be explained by historical processes, in that the composition of the modern mangrove flora at any one location, while subject to present-day climatic and geographical conditions, is largely relict. Although several interpretations have been offered to relate mangrove distributions to past events, none has been universally accepted. What is explored here, is that there are several historical and modern processes which in combination, have resulted in the present day distribution of mangroves. Evolutionary processes are reviewed from the fossil record and from the data on continental drift. Next, the ecological processes that are selectively acting on the various species and their distributions are examined with particular emphasis on aridity, temperature and latitudinal attentuation of species. Finally, some modern anthropogenic processes (e.g. species introductions, over-exploitation and habitat modification, afforestation) are examined in terms of their effects on mangrove distribution. As an outcome of these various processes, the modern mangrove vegetation is analysed particularly in relation to regions of endemism, vicariance among species, discontinuous distributions, hybridization and divergence. Finally, some speculation is offered in terms of future trends and evolutionary possibilities.
PRACTICE OF TAXONOMY FOR KNOWLEDGE ORGANISATION ON SELECTED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION'S WEBSITES

: This paper will walk around the practice of taxonomies on the different educational institution's website for organising the bundle of knowledge. This paper will enlighten the way of knowledge organisation through taxonomies . The purpose of this research paper is to know about those websites which are practices taxonomies to organise the knowledge in various educational institution’s websites. Thirty educational institution's websites were selected to study for this research work, belongs to Europe’s educational institutions. This paper will include some University's websites and library's websites. This work will reveal the facts that implementation of taxonomy improves the organization and management of unstructured knowledge. Taxonomy also provides the easy access to the required information and saves the time of the users.
Effects of dietary changes on heat stress in broiler and Kampung chickens

Poultry meat production has increased drastically over the last 35 years. Most developing countries are in the tropics and often have high ambient temperatures. At high ambient temperatures, chickens exhibit a slower growth rate due to a reduced feed intake. In order to limit the reduction in feed intake, a feeding strategy should be applied which decreases the level of heat production and/or increases the possibilities for heat dissipation. Such a feeding strategy can be based on feed that gives less heat because of lower energy costs of digestion or provides fewer nutrients that lead to a high heat production. This thesis studied how birds subjected to chronic heat stress change feed intake of especially crude protein and total energy. In addition, a wet feeding strategy that might alleviate the adverse effects of heat stress on performance was applied. Chickens exposed to choice feeding responded similarly at normal and at high ambient temperatures. They composed from a choice of a control diet, an energy rich diet and a protein rich diet a diet with a higher energy (HE) content and a lower protein content compared to the standard control diet. At high temperatures, chickens will reduce feed intake because they want to avoid or reduce a high body temperature. When the chickens were fed a wet-HE diet, feed intake and BW gain were higher in broiler chickens compared with feeding a dry-HE diet. The most beneficial effects of a wet diet occurred with a high energy diet. The indigenous Kampung chickens have been acclimatized to a high ambient temperature and did not benefit from a wet diet. In the present study, temperature had a major effect on relative lengths and empty weights of gastrointestinal tract segments in broiler chickens on day 42. Relative lengths of most gastrointestinal tract segments were affected by diet formulation at day 21 and 42, but not relative empty weight. Control-fed birds had shorter relative lengths than HE-fed birds, suggesting that the higher BW gain of control-fed birds were not accompanied by a similar increase in length of the gastrointestinal tract. Wetting the diet did not increase empty weights of intestines both at days 21 and 42. In Kampung chickens, effects of diet formulation on gastrointestinal tract development disappeared when the birds grew older, suggesting that this type of bird adapts easily to changes in dietary nutrient content. A positive effect of the relative weight of the intestine of birds fed a wet diet was observed in Kampung chickens. In general, it seems that the Kampung chickens grow proportionally but broiler carcass is growing faster than its gastrointestinal tract in control- and wet-fed birds. Key words: Self-selection, temperature, wet diet, broiler, indigenous chicken
Variation in natural plant products and the attraction of bodyguards involved in indirect plant defense

Plants can respond to feeding or egg deposition by herbivorous arthropods by changing the volatile blend that they emit. These herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) can attract carnivorous natural enemies of the herbivores, such as parasitoids and predators, a phenomenon that is called indirect plant defense. The volatile blends of infested plants can be very complex, sometimes consisting of hundreds of compounds. Most HIPVs can be classified as terpenoids (e.g., (E)-β-ocimene, (E,E)-α-farnesene, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene), green leaf volatiles (e.g., hexanal, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate), phenylpropanoids (e.g., methyl salicylate, indole), and sulphur- or nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g., isothiocyanates or nitriles, respectively). One highly intriguing question has been which volatiles out of the complex blend are the most important ones for the carnivorous natural enemies to locate "suitable host plants. Here, we review the methods and techniques that have been used to elucid.
Ducks foraging on swan faeces

Foraging on avian faeces by birds is uncommon apart from the consumption of nestling faeces by songbird parents. Here, observations made of five Mallard Anas platyrhynchos, three Green-winged Teal A. crecca and one Baikal Teal A. formosa seen feeding on Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus faeces, on the ice in Lake Izunuma, Japan, on 10 February 2010, are described. The faeces of herbivorous Whooper Swans contained undigested vegetation which, when dissolved in water on top of the ice, was available for consumption by the ducks.
The Influence of Marketing Capability on Firm Performance: An Empirical Evidence from Nigeria

Firm performance play an important role toward National development of a country through job creation, income generation as well as provision of goods and services This paper therefore examines the influence of marketing capability on firm performance in Nigeria. It is empirically established that marketing capability has positive impact on firm performance. Which indicates that, marketing capability can make firms to innovate and implement new processes to meet with market dynamism which eventually lead firms to achieve performance in Nigeria. Keywords: Dynamic capability; Firm performance; marketing capability.