Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La place du père lors d'une césarienne en urgence

Traditionnellement, les peres etaient exclus de la naissance de leur enfant. Aujourd'hui, leur presence est devenue banale. Leur place a beaucoup evolue au cours des siecles et les nouveaux peres ne beneficient d'aucune transmission generationnelle. La femme va alors faire de son conjoint le pere de l'enfant. Les portes de la salle de naissance sont aujourd'hui ouvertes au pere, mais la cesarienne est une autre naissance. Materiel et methode : une etude descriptive transversale a ete realisee et 111 questionnaires ont ete distribues aux peres dont la compagne a ete cesarisee en urgence au CHU de Clermont Ferrand. Trois entretiens libres ont ete parallelement effectues et ont enrichi, approfondi les resultats. Resultats et discussion : La majorite des peres connaissait ce mode d'accouchement mais ils ne l'envisageaient pas : 38,6% ne s'etaient pas renseignes pendant la grossesse. 89,1% des peres ont declare avoir bien ou tres bien compris les explications donnees lors de l'annonce de l'intervention. Aucun pere n'etait present et 71,3% l'auraient souhaite. La presence du pere est d'ailleurs recommandee par le CIANE et autorisee dans certains centres. L'accueil de l'enfant en peau a peau a ete propose a 21,8% et parmi les autres, 71% l'auraient voulu. Des etudes ont montre le benefice de cette pratique sur les parametres comportementaux et physiologiques de l'enfant. Conclusion : on constate un decalage entre les attentes et la prise en charge des peres qui souhaiteraient d'avantage d'explications, assister a la naissance, pratiquer le peau a peau.
Common genetic variants in sex hormone pathway genes and papillary thyroid cancer risk.

BACKGROUND Hormonal differences are hypothesized to contribute to the approximately ≥2-fold higher thyroid cancer incidence rates among women compared with men worldwide. Although thyroid cancer cells express estrogen receptors and estrogen has a proliferative effect on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cells in vitro, epidemiologic studies have not found clear associations between thyroid cancer and female hormonal factors. We hypothesized that polymorphic variation in hormone pathway genes is associated with the risk of developing papillary thyroid cancer. METHODS We evaluated the association between PTC and 1151 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 58 candidate gene regions involved in sex hormone synthesis and metabolism, gonadotropins, and prolactin in a case-control study of 344 PTC cases and 452 controls, frequency matched on age and sex. Odds ratios and p-values for the linear trend for the association between each SNP genotype and PTC risk were estimated using unconditional logistic regression. SNPs in the same gene region or pathway were aggregated using adaptive rank-truncated product methods to obtain gene region-specific or pathway-specific p-values. To account for multiple comparisons, we applied the false discovery rate method. RESULTS Seven SNPs had p-values for linear trend <0.01, including four in the CYP19A1 gene, but none of the SNPs remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Results were similar when restricting the dataset to women. p-values for examined gene regions and for all genes combined were ≥0.09. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, SNPs in selected hormone pathway genes do not appear to be strongly related to PTC risk. This observation is in accord with the lack of consistent associations between hormonal factors and PTC risk in epidemiologic studies.
Deferoxamine Attenuates White Matter Injury in a Piglet Intracerebral Hemorrhage Model

Background and Purpose— Deferoxamine reduces neuronal death in a piglet model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study examined the effect of deferoxamine on perihematomal white matter edema in piglets. Methods— ICH was induced by an injection of autologous blood into the right frontal lobe of piglets. In the first part of study, the time course of edema formation was determined. In the second part, the effects of deferoxamine on ICH-induced white matter edema, tumor necrosis factor &agr;, and receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 were examined. Results— ICH resulted in marked brain edema and increased tumor necrosis factor &agr; and receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 levels in white matter. Systemic treatment with deferoxamine markedly reduced white matter tumor necrosis factor &agr; and receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 levels and attenuated white matter edema after ICH. Conclusions— Deferoxamine reduces white matter edema, tumor necrosis factor &agr;, and receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 levels after ICH in piglets, suggesting deferoxamine is a potential effective therapeutic agent for patients with ICH.
La mutation des modes de paiement des professionnels en soins primaires au Canada et en France

Dans ce papier, nous faisons etat des evolutions en cours dans les modes de remuneration dans le domaine des soins primaires en comparant le Canada et la France, deux pays qui presentent des systemes de sante proches et qui s’influencent depuis de nombreuses annees. La description des modes innovants de paiement des medecins, leurs processus d’implantation, les resistances auxquelles ils font face et les resultats obtenus permettent de mettre en evidence les orientations communes des politiques menees dans les deux pays et de souligner la necessaire continuite et globalite de ces politiques pour impacter durablement l’organisation des soins.
Convolutional Neural Net and Bearing Fault Analysis

—There has been immense success on the application of Convolutional Neural Nets (CNN) to image and acoustic data analysis. In this paper, rather than preprocessing vibration signals to denoise or extract features, we investigate the usage of CNNs on raw signals; in particular, we test the accuracy of CNNs as classiﬁers on bearing fault data, by varying the conﬁgurations of the CNN from one-layer up to a deep three-layer model. We inspect the convolution ﬁlters learned by the CNN, and show that the ﬁlters detect unique features of every classiﬁcation category. We also study the effectiveness of the various CNN models when the input signals are corrupted with noise.
OntoSoft Process: Towards an Agile Process for Ontology-Based Software

Conceptual modeling, code automation and reduction of error propagation have motivated software development teams to use ontologies. The lack of methodologies and guidelines to associate ontologies and development software can interfere in the development time, as well as in the software quality. This paper proposes an agile process for ontology based software, called OntoSoft Process, bringing together practices from Software Engineering, Ontology Engineering and Scrum. Agile practices were chosen as they can be adapted according to the context of each application. The objective is to guide the development of ontology-based software by defining application scenarios and activities to develop the software and ontology. Furthermore, the aim is also to improve the collaboration and communication between software engineers and ontology engineers. OntoSoft has been applied to develop an ontology-based application to map and recommend real estates. Preliminary results suggest that the proposed process is effective in associating tasks, activities and in creating development scenarios.
Aproximación al modelo de regulación contable IASB desde la propuesta de José Ignacio Jarne Jarne

La intencion del presente articulo es aproximarse al modelo de regulacion contable internacional abanderado por la IFRS Fundation y cuyo emisor es el IASB. El andamiaje teoricoque se usara para alcanzar los fines enunciados se basa en los planteamientos realizados por el profesor Jose Ignacio Jarne Jarne. El profesor Jose Ignacio Jarne, publico en 1997 resultados de investigacion sobre la clasificacion internacional de los sistemas contables; entre los constructos que plantea como resultados del proceso, expone la composicion de los sistemas nacionales de contabilidad por medio de la articulacion de subsistemas contables y define modelos en los que agrupa rasgos relevantes comunes o compartidos por distintos sistemas contables nacionales. Con el proposito de propiciar un entendimiento adecuado, se presenta en la parte inicial del documento una breve descripcion de los eventos historicos mas relevantes que le han acaecido al emisor delas normas internacionales de contabilidad IASB, y posteriormente el analisis del modelo desde los planteamientos de Jarne.
Le déplacement de l’intentionnalité chez Darwin

En appliquant la theorie evolutionniste a l’etude de l’expression des emotions, Darwin modifie le champ de l’observation pour y inclure l’expression chez les animaux. Il change alors le sens des mots volonte, conscience, intention sur lesquels se fondaient les creationnistes pour faire des expressions le reflet de l’âme. En insistant au contraire sur le caractere habituel, involontaire et inconscient des expressions, Darwin decouvre les zones obscures de la psyche humaine plus tard explorees par Freud.
Improved Cuckoo Search based Sensor Deployment Scheme for Large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of small number of low-cost sensor nodes, which are able to freely converse over short distances. One of the key important problems in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is how to proficiently position sensors to cover an area. In WSN, sensor deployment is considered as one of the major important issues, since it not only considers the network cost during network model creation in addition it also affects how well a region is examined by means of sensors. In this paper address the problem of sensor deployment in Large Scale Wireless Sensor Networks to minimize the usage of number of nodes. The local incidence rate information and an investigative sensor detection ability equation individual exploit an optimization problem designed for reducing the usage of number of sensor nodes is created. By solving the difficulty of sensor deployment, an optimal sensor deployment schema is introduced in this paper for Large Scale Wireless Sensor Networks (LSWSN). An effective Improved Cuckoo Search (ICS) based sensor deployment scheme is introduced in this work for large-area WSN where the event incidence rate differs over the sensor-deployed region. Proposed ICS deployment scheme determines the optimal number of sensors designed for a typical surveillance sensor network with the purpose of must be deployed in each local region with the purpose of minimizes the total number of sensors at the same time as satisfying the overall detection probability. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed ICS schemes are efficient in terms of the usage of number of sensors and are distributed in nature to verify their effectiveness.
Liver resection with a new multiprobe bipolar radiofrequency device.

HYPOTHESIS Liver resection can be associated with marked blood loss. A novel multiprobe bipolar radiofrequency device (Habib 4X; RITA Medical Systems Inc, Fremont, California) has been developed to assist in liver resection and to reduce intraoperative blood loss. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Tertiary referral unit. PATIENTS Sixty-two patients requiring liver resection between November 1, 2004, and February 28, 2006, primarily for metastatic cancer. INTERVENTION Liver resection with the radiofrequency device. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Intraoperative blood loss, liver parenchyma transection time, and complications. RESULTS There were 51 minor and 11 major hepatectomies. Mean (SD) transection time was 39 (27) seconds per square centimeter. Mean (SD) blood loss was 4.8 (5.6) mL per square centimeter. No patient required hepatic inflow occlusion. One patient required blood transfusion. There were no deaths, and the morbidity rate was 18%. Mean (SD) hospital stay was 8 (3) days. CONCLUSIONS This new bipolar radiofrequency device allows minor and major hepatectomies to be performed with minimal blood loss, low blood transfusion requirement, and reduced mortality and morbidity rates.
Parameter analysis and validation of a gas-fuel-powered hopping actuator

Conventional mobile robots can only overcome obstacles of limited height while hybrid mobile robots, which combine the wheeled motion and jumping motion, have better crossing obstacle capabilities. The excellent jumping abilities of hopping robots result from their core parts — the hopping actuators. In this paper, we propose a kind of hopping actuator powered by gas fuels, and explain its inner structure and basic working principles. Then the factors that affect jumping performance of the hopping actuator are analysed by orthogonal experimental design, and the result shows that the inner radius of the piston and initial charging pressure are the top two main influencing factors. Finally outdoor experiments are conducted to validate the correctness and applicability of the orthogonal array analysis.
Sexy to die for? Sexual selection and the risk of extinction

Sexual selection is a field with a strong focus on the 'costs' of traits. However, whether such costs have an influence on the demography of the population is very rarely discussed. Here we present various processes through which sexual selection might have an impact on population viability and thus increase or decrease the risk of extinction. We argue that evolutionary 'suicide' - as sometimes suggested e.g. to have caused the extinction of the Irish elk - is unlikely in deterministic environments, except if costs are not paid by the same individual that bears the trait. Thus, intra- or inter-locus sexual conflict could in principle drive a population extinct, and we do not know why this does not frequently happen. Whether sexual selection increases or decreases extinction risks when populations face variable or unforeseen environmental conditions is likewise unknown, and we outline mechanisms that could account for either pattern. Inbreeding is another factor that could either increase or decrease population viability in sexually selected species. Inbreeding may be caused by a high mating skew, but it could also be reduced if females adaptively choose mates to avoid inbred offspring. Finally, when intraspecific competition for resources is taken into account, it is unclear how individual viabilities translate to extinction risks faced by the population. We show an example where greater mortality of males due to sexual dimorphism improves the carrying capacity of the environment, and thus presumably population viability.
Cultural tourism in Europe

Part 1 Cultural tourism in context: culture and tourism in Europe, Greg Richards the scope and significance of cultural tourism, Greg Richards the social context of cultural tourism, Greg Richards the economic context of cultural tourism, Chris Gratton and Greg Richards the policy context of cultural tourism, Greg Richards. Part 2 National analyses - cultural tourism in: Belgium, Will Munsters Denmark, Anne-Mette Hjalager France, Michel Bauer Germany, Peter Roth and Alfred Langemeyer Greece, Helene Kalogeropoulou Ireland, Gearoid O'Donnchadha and Brian O'Connor Italy, Jan van der Borg and Paolo Costa the Netherlands, Greg Richards Portugal, Hermino de Carvalho Curado Spain, Concepcion Maiztegui-Onate and Maria Teresa Areitio Bertolin the United Kingdom, Malcolm Foley. European cultural tourism - trends and future prospects, Greg Richards.
Verbum ex machina. Actes de la 13e conférence sur le traitement automatique des langues naturelles.

Les technologies du langage sont au coeur de cet ouvrage qui propose un panorama des recherches actuelles en traitement automatique des langues naturelles (TALN). Aux frontieres de la linguistique et de l'informatique, le TALN s'est fait connaitre du grand public au travers d'applications commerciales a succes telles que la correction orthographique et grammaticale, la traduction automatique ou encore la reconnaissance et la generation de la parole. Derriere la relative efficacite et - parfois - l'apparente simplicite de ces outils se cachent de nombreux problemes fondamentaux lies a la nature meme des langues qui « resistent » a l'analyse informatique. A l'heure ou l'on bâtit la societe de l'information, le traitement automatique des langues devient plus que jamais incontournable, car les langues - sous leur realisation orale ou ecrite - constituent l'un des principaux vecteurs de l'information. Rechercher, trier, resumer, analyser l'information a grande echelle et dans de nombreuses langues sont autant de tâches qui requierent des logiciels « intelligents », capables de faire une percee dans le sens des textes.
Integrating cervical cancer screening with HIV care in a district hospital in Abuja, Nigeria

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus positive (HIV+) women have a higher risk of developing invasive cervical cancer compared with uninfected women. This study aims to document programmatic experience of integrating cervical cancer screening using Visual Inspection and Acetic Acid (VIA) into HIV care as well as to describe patients’ characteristics associated with positive VIA findings amongst HIV+ women. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study analysed routine service data collected at the antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cervical cancer screening services. Our program integrated screening for cervical cancer using VIA technique to HIV care and treatment services through a combination of stakeholder engagement, capacity building for health workers, creating a bi-directional referral between HIV and reproductive health (RH) services and provider initiated counselling and screening for cervical cancer. Information on patients’ baseline and clinical characteristics were captured using an electronic medical records system and then exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Logistic regression model was used to estimate factors that influence VIA results. Results: A total of 834 HIV+ women were offered VIA screening between April 2010 and April 2011, and 805 (96.5%) accepted it. Complete data was available for 802 (96.2%) women. The mean age at screening and first sexual contact were 32.0 (SD 6.6) and 18.8 (SD 3.5) years, respectively. VIA was positive in 52 (6.5%) women while 199 (24.8%) had a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Of the 199 who had a STI, eight (4.0%) had genital ulcer syndrome, 30 (15.1%) had lower abdominal pain syndrome and 161 (80.9%) had vaginal discharge syndrome. Presence of lower abdominal pain syndrome was found to be a significant predictor of a positive VIA result (P = 0.001). Women with lower abdominal pain syndrome appeared to be more likely (OR 47.9, 95% CI: 4.8-480.4, P = 0.001) to have a positive VIA result. Conclusion: The high burden of both HIV and cervical cancer in developing countries makes it a necessity for integrating services that offer early detection and treatment for both diseases. The findings from our study suggest that integrating VIA screening into the package of care offered to HIV+ women is feasible and acceptable.
Some results on signal detection with one-sided stopping and deadline

A setup of simple binary hypothesis testing is examined, where independent and identically distributed statistics are sequentially accumulated until either the accumulation exceeds a decision threshold (thus deciding the alternative hypothesis), or the time horizon passes a deadline (thus deciding the null hypothesis). Unlike in other adaptive procedures such as sequential probability ratio test, here the considered adaptive decision rule (ADR) has an upper bound on its stopping time, namely the deadline, and only one boundary, namely the decision threshold. Thus the ADR may be a suitable solution for scenarios where the statistician desires to identify the alternative hypothesis quickly, and requires a hard deadline on the decision-making process. For nonnegative statistics, the ADR is shown to yield the same detection performance as the fixed-size decision rule with sample size equal to the deadline, and to have a mean stopping time only a fraction of the deadline. For log-likelihood ratio statistics, the performance of the ADR is compared with the fixed-size Neyman-Pearson optimal decision rule, and it is shown that the same detection performance can be assured with the ratio between the mean stopping time and the deadline vanishingly small, in the large deadline asymptotic regime.
Effect of synovitis and corticosteroids on transcription of cartilage matrix proteins.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether steady-state levels of type-II procollagen, aggrecan core protein, or fibronectin mRNA in articular chondrocytes are altered by synovitis or administration of methylprednisolone acetate (MPA). SAMPLE POPULATION Articular cartilage specimens collected from 10 ponies, 2.5 to 3.5 years old and 200 to 300 kg. PROCEDURE 4 experimental groups were compared, using the cartilage specimens: control, MPA-treated, lipopolysaccharide-induced synovitis, and lipopolysaccharide-induced synovitis with MPA treatment. RNA was isolated from articular cartilage and compared by northern blot analysis, using equine-specific cDNA probes. RESULTS Synovitis increased steady-state levels of type-II procollagen mRNA fivefold and of aggrecan mRNA twofold. Administration of a single intra-articular injection of MPA (0.1 mg/kg of body weight) decreased type-II procollagen transcripts in normal cartilage sixfold, without significant effect on aggrecan or total fibronectin mRNA values. MPA treatment of inflamed joints decreased type-II procollagen and aggrecan mRNA to levels that were not significantly different from those in untreated control specimens. CONCLUSIONS Articular chondrocytes increase type-II procollagen and aggrecan synthesis in response to synovitis. MPA alters chondrocyte function in normal and inflamed cartilage, suggesting that potential changes in cartilage matrix protein synthesis should be considered when evaluating the therapeutic value of intra-articular administration of corticosteroids. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Knowledge of how synovitis and corticosteroids (independently and in combination) affect synthesis of cartilage matrix proteins is relevant to understanding pathogenesis of traumatic osteoarthritis and improving therapeutic strategies.
Pediatric vasculitis: advances in treatment

Purpose of reviewThis study will provide an overview of the recent advances in treatment of chronic systemic vasculitis in childhood. Recent findingsAdvances in the treatment of chronic primary systemic vasculitis have significantly improved outcomes for patients in the last several decades. Conventional life-saving treatments like cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids have predominated as mainstay therapy for severe or extensive disease; however, evidence supporting the effectiveness of newer treatments such as rituximab and other biologic agents is increasing. Improved collaboration through international registries and multicentered initiatives has enabled increased research and generation of pediatric specific data. Such efforts are essential to the development of evidence-based treatment guidelines and validated assessment tools in the future. SummaryAlthough most of our understanding about treatment of childhood vasculitis has been derived from adult data, pediatric data continue to accumulate. Evidence for newer treatments and alternative treatment strategies is continually evolving.