Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluación del programa de diagnóstico de malaria en la red de laboratorios de Colombia, 1997-1999

En 1995, el Grupo de Parasitologia-Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia (LNR) del Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS) inicio el Programa de Diagnostico de Malaria en la Red Nacional de Laboratorios Departamentales de Salud Publica (LDSP) con las actividades de capacitacion, control de calidad indirecto, control de calidad externo, asistencia tecnica, asesoria, referencia, contrarreferencia y una evaluacion anual. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo realizar una evaluacion del programa durante el periodo 1997-1999. En el control de calidad indirecto, los departamentos obtuvieron, en promedio, una concordancia de positividad de 98% y de negatividad de 97%; el indice kappa promedio fue de 0,95. En el control de calidad externo se encontro un promedio de concordancia de 74,2% con una participacion de 89,2% de los laboratorios inscritos en el programa. El control de calidad indirecto en el nivel municipal arrojo un promedio de concordancia de positividad del 91,4%, una concordancia de negatividad del 92,5% y un indice kappa de 0,84. Por otra parte, el control de calidad externo ha sido poco implementado por los LDSP en sus municipios. En general, el programa demostro un buen desempeno porque, a pesar de las dificultades economicas y de orden publico en el pais, los responsables del Programa de Diagnostico de Malaria en todos los niveles han realizado continuamente las demas actividades propias del programa, de acuerdo con la programacion establecida anualmente y con sus requerimientos. Sin embargo, se debe mejorar la participacion en las actividades, asi como la cobertura.
Therapeutic Capsule Endoscopy: Opportunities and Challenges

The increasing demand for non-invasive (or less-invasive) monitoring and treatment of medical conditions has attracted both physicians and engineers to work together and investigate new methodologies. Wireless capsule endoscopy is a successful example of such techniques which has become an accepted routine for diagnostic inspection of the gastrointestinal tract. This method offers a non-invasive alternative to traditional endoscopy and provides the opportunity for exploring distal areas of the small intestine which are otherwise not accessible. Despite these advantages, wireless capsule endoscopy is still limited in functionality compared to traditional endoscopy. Wireless capsule endoscopes with advanced functionalities, such as biopsy or drug delivery, are highly desirable. In this article, the current status of wireless capsule endoscopy is reviewed together with some of its possible therapeutic applications as well as the existing challenges.
Technology Transfer Mediations of Technical Writers: Perspectives from the Philippine Software Industry

In their attempts to communicate innovation, technical writers produce what Everett Rogers calls "technology-embodied information," per the Diffusion of Innovations theory. This study focuses on technical writers working for multinational software firms in the Philippines and seeks to explain their function as gatekeepers in the information traffic between development centres and software users. The practices of technical writers — representative of eight software companies — are collected, described, and analysed according to qualitative design. The study uses the focus group discussion as its primary research tool, triangulated by portfolio and process documentation analyses. Key themes are presented in step-flow. The study illustrates technical communication tasks such as user profiling, knowledge capture, and information delivery within the framework of technology transfer.
Intellectual Capital (IC) Measurement in the Mass Media Context

Mass media is the key influencer of public opinion. The influence is not only limited to political and social, but also relates to organisational and economical reputation and brands. Within public opinion, organisations must manage how they are represented competitively within mass media so that they can develop their brand strategically to grow and compete in the current global knowledge economy. This is where the link to Intellectual Capital (IC) Measurement is significant. IC, as the sum of all an organisation's intangible assets drives a company's presence and value within the media, albeit related to human, structural or relational capital attributes. The measurement, therefore, of IC in the mass media context is invaluable to understand how a company is placed strategically and competitively in the external space, and how this links to internal activities, goals and outcomes. This paper is an attempt to address some of the issues related to IC measurements in the mass media context by suggesting a framework that provides a multi-disciplinary and holistic approach to the understanding and contextualising of the organisation's presence in the public space.
Modeling the Metrics of Individual, Organisational and Technological Knowledge Sharing Barriers: An Analytical Network Process Approach

In today's knowledge-based business, knowledge is the only source of competitive advantage for engineering industries. Knowledge sharing plays an important role in the success of knowledge management (KM). Knowledge sharing barriers (KSBs) become obstacles for KM to achieve the goals of the industries. In this paper, three categories of KSBs have been identified such as individual, organisational and technological. The main purpose of this research is to measure the effectiveness of individual, organisational and technological KSBs which helps the managers for taking decision to enhance the successful knowledge sharing strategy in the engineering industries. In this paper, an analytical network process (ANP) framework has been developed with the help of identified determinants, dimensions and enablers to evaluate the effectiveness of alternatives such as individual, organisational and technological KSBs. As per evaluation, the organisational KSBs have the maximum effect on knowledge sharing followed by technological and individual KSBs.
Three ways electronic health records increase transparency in diabetes care

As in society as a whole, the computer is becoming a pervasive feature of our offices and clinic exam rooms. Electronic health records are becoming the standard framework for storing, retrieving and understanding patient information. With full integration of the electronic health records, we gain an important new window through which to see things previously present but unseen. This new ability, to see the previously unseen, brings us new opportunities in diabetes care, but also new challenges. This new transparency falls into three domains, described in the following sections.
Amniotic fluid β-endorphin: A prognostic marker for gastroschisis?

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this work was to study amniotic fluid β-endorphin as a potential predictor for postnatal morbidity in gastroschisis. Methods: Beta-endorphin was assayed in 43 amniotic fluid samples from 13 pregnant women with fetal gastroschisis undergoing diagnostic amniocentesis or therapeutic amnioinfusion and compared with 33 controls. Within the gastroschisis group, the authors investigated the relationship between postnatal morbidity and the peak value of amniotic fluid β-endorphin (AFBE). Results: Ten AFBE values in 6 cases of gastroschisis were above the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval derived from controls. Postnatal morbidity was significantly higher when peak AFBE exceeded 10 μg/L (n = 4 pregnancies) compared with below 5 μg/L (n = 9 pregnancies), as shown by mean duration of mechanical ventilation (15.2 v 3 days; P =.01), of parenteral feeding (77 v . 18.7 days; P =.04), and of hospitalization (84 v 32.2 days; P =.04). There was no statistically significant association between postnatal morbidity markers and prenatal dilation of fetal bowel. Conclusions: The most severe cases of gastroschisis are associated with high levels of AFBE. The authors speculate that this fetal hormonal response could result from stress or pain caused by prenatal bowel damage. J Pediatr Surg 37:1602-1606. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
Reply from the Authors

Reply from the Authors: Dr. Sathian and Dr. Barton raise interesting issues regarding our study of motion processing in AD. The operational usage of the terms \``motion detection'' and \``motion perception'' was specifically defined in the paper. We used motion perception to denote a conscious recognition of motion, indicated by a correct subjective response to the direction of motion. The onset of OKN to a motion stimulus constituted the detection of motion. Although we agree these terms are imperfect, we felt they …
Application of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy to Patients Who Have Advanced Cancer

Abstract Patients who are diagnosed with advanced cancer frequently experience high levels of anxiety and depression. Few of the studies that evaluated psychological interventions with this cohort have demonstrated improvements in psychological measures in the period following therapy. However, a recent study that evaluated the efficacy of a group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) intervention with patients who had advanced breast cancer found improved outcomes on measures of mood and self-esteem following the intervention. This paper describes some of the CBT techniques used in the intervention, which might also be useful in the treatment of patients with other types of terminal illness.
Treating to target in rheumatoid arthritis

Treating to target is an established concept in a number of long-term conditions, aiming to improve outcomes and prevent disease progression. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), treatment targets are controlling the signs and symptoms of significant inflammatory disease activity, with the ultimate goal of remission from disease. This article briefly outlines the disease process of RA and examines the role of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, steroids and biologic agents in controlling disease activity. The rational use of analgesia and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is highlighted.
Learning an Adaptive Dictionary Using a Projected Gradient Method and its Application on Image de-noising

In recent years, considerable efforts have been made in the research of sparse representation for signals over overcomplete dictionaries. The dictionaries can be either pre-specified transforms or designed by learning from a set of training signals. In the paper, the dictionary learning problem was extended into a quadratic programming framework. A projected gradient with line search method was presented for solving this large-scale box-constrained quadratic program. The non-negative dictionary learned using this method was applied to image de-noising. Experimental results demonstrated that this learning-based method had better performance than the wavelet-based, the variation-based and the K-SVD methods.
A Unified and Synchronous Generating System for Multiple Natural Languages Based on CFG and Semantic Language

The sentences in several different natural languages can be produced congruously and synchronous by the new generating system USGS = {↔, GI|GI = (TI, N, B-RISU, C-treeI, S, PI, FI), I = 0, 1, 2, …, n}, based on Semantic Language(SL) theory, all are legitimate and reasonable, where, B-RISU is the set of basic-RISU, C-treeI is the set of category-trees, and FI is the set of functions in I-natural language. The characteristic of this new generating system is unified, synchronous and one by one corresponding, based on semantic unit theory and that the number of rules is several millions.
Finite Impulse Response Double Density filter banks and Framelets

In this paper, we focus on the design of oversampled filter banks and the resulting framelets. The framelets obtained exhibit improved shift invariant properties over decimated wavelet transform. Shift invariance has applications in many areas, particularly denoising, coding and compression. Our contribution here is on filter bank completion. In addition, we propose novel factorization methods to design wavelet filters from given scaling filters.
Pharmacologic Options for Treatment of Levodopa-Associated ``Wearing Off''

Levodopa remains the gold standard drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, but the combination of disease progression and prolonged treatment can lead to ``wearing-off'' problems in the majority of patients. This constitutes the onset of motor fluctuations which includes nonmotor sensory, psychiatric, and autonomic ``off '' symptoms. There are several pharmacologic options to minimize the ``wearing-off'' phenomenon, including adjustment of levodopa treatment, the use of long-acting dopamine agonists, monoamine oxidase type B inhibition, or catechol-O-methyl-transferase inhibition in combination with levodopa. Dopamine agonists may reduce levodopa requirements. Monoamine oxidase type B inhibition can increase dopamine availability by preventing its metabolism. Similarly catechol-O-methyl-transferase inhibitors can increase the half-life of levodopa and the amount available to cross the blood-brain barrier by preventing its breakdown. The selection of a treatment for the management of ``wearing off'' should consider the relief of symptoms and also the potential adverse effects of adjunctive therapy.
The Use of a Hamstring Autograft to Reconstruct the Distal Tibiofibular Joint and Superficial Deltoid Ligament in Chronic Syndesmotic Injuries

Chronic syndesmotic injuries of the ankle are a difficult challenge to treat. Various surgical techniques for stabilization of the distal tibiofibular joint have been described. These include debridement of the joint, stabilization with screw, advancement of the ligament on a bony block, and creation of a synostosis. We describe a technique using hamstring autografts to anatomically reconstruct the distal tibiofibular joint and superficial deltoid ligament.
Chebyshev wavelet method for numerical solutions of integro-differential form of Lane-Emden type differential equations

In this paper, Chebyshev wavelet method (CWM) has been applied to solve the second-order singular differential equations of Lane–Emden type. Firstly, the singular differential equation has been converted to Volterra integro-differential equation and then solved by the CWM. The properties of Chebyshev wavelets were first presented. The properties of Chebyshev wavelets via Gauss–Legendre rule were used to reduce the integral equations to a system of algebraic equations which can be solved numerically by Newton’s method. Convergence analysis of CWM has been discussed. Illustrative examples have been provided to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the present method.
THE ABILITY TO LOCALIZE SOUND: A STUDY OF BINAURAL HEARING IN PATIENTS WITH TUMOR OF THE BRAIN

I. THE NATURE OF BINAURAL HEARING Binocular vision gives a perception of distance through the coordination in the brain of sensations coming from the two retinas and the two sets of ocular muscles. In a somewhat comparable way, one determines whether a sound comes from the right or left side by the coordination of sensations coming from the ears. In other words, the lateral localization of sound 1 is a result of binaural hearing. A clear understanding of two terms is essential for following a discussion of the subject, and these terms will be briefly explained. In figure 1, D represents the head of a listener seen from above. R and L are his right and left ears. B is the position of a sound. The segments of concentric circles represent sound waves. The listener, D , knows that the sound is on his right side, for two reasons. In the
EYE CHANGES IN HYPERTENSIVE TOXEMIA OF PREGNANCY: A STUDY OF THREE HUNDRED CASES

During the past three years I have made rounds in the Negro obstetric ward of Grady Hospital twice weekly and made records of the fundus oculi of all patients whose systolic blood pressure exceeded 140 or whose diastolic blood pressure exceeded 90. This study was undertaken with the hope of possibly correlating the retinal picture with the degree of clinical toxemia. The first change to be observed in mild toxemia is usually a generalized narrowing of the lumen of the arterioles, which may be limited to a single arteriole or one of its branches. Almost as frequently, however, the first change is a localized narrowing appearing as a single spasm or as a series of spasms, usually in the first half of the retinal artery. The fact that there is usually no associated exaggeration of arterial reflex and no arteriovenous compression suggests that the lesion is spastic and not sclerotic.
Spinal Cord Injury Pain Classification: History, Current Trends, and Commentary

Pain following spinal cord injury (SCI) has been well described in the literature over the years, but both SCI pain research and clinical care have been hampered by the lack of a uniform method for assessing pain. There have been a large number of proposed classification systems published, but no consensus to date on what criteria are required for each subtype of pain or the procedures to be used to make that determination. Accordingly, the literature is filled with descriptions of clinical series and some controlled trials of the treatment of SCI pain with no clear idea as to what percentage of the sample experienced neuropathic pain, musculoskeletal pain, or both. The more recent literature has been more specific with trials directed at specific subtypes of SCI pain. In this article, we review the history of SCI classification schemes, describe current efforts to develop a unified classification scheme and an accompanying set of diagnostic procedures, and describe international efforts along these lines.
Multiple seeds sensitivity using a single seed with threshold

Spaced seeds are a fundamental tool for similarity search in biosequences. The best sensitivity/selectivity trade-offs are obtained using many seeds simultaneously: This is known as the multiple seed approach. Unfortunately, spaced seeds use a large amount of memory and the available RAM is a practical limit to the number of seeds one can use simultaneously. Inspired by some recent results on lossless seeds, we revisit the approach of using a single spaced seed and considering two regions homologous if the seed hits in at least t sufficiently close positions. We show that by choosing the locations of the don't care symbols in the seed using quadratic residues modulo a prime number, we derive single seeds that when used with a threshold t > 1 have competitive sensitivity/selectivity trade-offs, indeed close to the best multiple seeds known in the literature. In addition, the choice of the threshold t can be adjusted to modify sensitivity and selectivity a posteriori, thus enabling a more accurate search in the specific instance at issue. The seeds we propose also exhibit robustness and allow flexibility in usage.
Optimized leaf ordering with class labels for hierarchical clustering

Hierarchical clustering is extensively used in the bioinformatics community to analyze biomedical data. These data are often tagged with class labels, as e.g. disease subtypes or gene ontology (GO) terms. Heatmaps in connection with dendrograms are the common standard to visualize results of hierarchical clustering. The heatmap can be enriched by an additional color bar at the side, indicating for each instance in the data set to which class it belongs. In the ideal case, when the clustering matches perfectly with the classes, one would expect that instances from the same class cluster together and the color bar consists of well-separated color blocks without frequent alteration of colors (classes). But even in the case when instances from the same class cluster perfectly together, the dendrogram might not reflect this important aspect due to the fact that its representation is not unique. In this paper, we propose a leaf ordering algorithm for the dendrogram that preserving the hierarchical clustering result tries to group instances from the same class together. It is based on the concept of dynamic programming which can efficiently compute the optimal or nearly optimal order, consistent with the structure of the tree.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA TUBERCULOSE NO MUNICÍPIO DE JOÃO PESSOA – PB, ENTRE 2007 - 2010

Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases reported in the city of Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, between 2007 and 2010. Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study whose data were obtained from the Municipal Health Department, using the variables gender, age, type of admission, clinical presentation, clinical outcome, co-infection with HIV and sanitary district of occurrence. Results: During the study period, 1,829 cases were reported, with a mean of 457 cases per year. Men and individuals from 20 to 29 years were the most affected, representing 1,238 (67.7%) and 502 (27.4%) cases, respectively. The urban area concentrated 98.3% of cases. Among the reported cases, 1,461 were new admissions, and 161 were returns after treatment dropout. Co-infection with HIV occurred in 8.7% of registered cases. The pulmonary form occurred in 85.5% of cases, whereas the extrapulmonary form alone occurred in 12.3%. Cure was the most common clinical outcome - 48.5% of cases. The areas belonging to the sanitary district III concentrated most of the cases (19.13%). Conclusion: It is observed that the number of cases of tuberculosis reported in the city of Joao Pessoa is still high, and male, adult and resident in the urban area of the sanitary district III were the major risk factors. DESCRIPTORS: Epidemiology. Tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Inferring gene regulatory networks using a time-delayed mass action model

This paper demonstrates a new time-delayed mass action model which applies a set of delay differential equations (DDEs) to represent the dynamics of gene regulatory networks (GRNs). The mass action model is a classical model which is often used to describe the kinetics of biochemical processes, so it is fit for GRN modeling. The ability to incorporate time-delayed parameters in this model enables different time delays of interaction between genes. Moreover, an efficient learning method which employs population-based incremental learning (PBIL) algorithm and trigonometric differential evolution (TDE) algorithm TDE is proposed to automatically evolve the structure of the network and infer the optimal parameters from observed time-series gene expression data. Experiments on three well-known motifs of GRN and a real budding yeast cell cycle network show that the proposal can not only successfully infer the network structure and parameters but also has a strong anti-noise ability. Compared with other works, this method also has a great improvement in performances.