Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determining the Most Suitable Method of Otolith Preparation for Estimating the Age of Tigerfish, Hydrocynus vittatus in the Pongolapoort Dam, South Africa

This study compares sectioned and whole lapillus and asterisci otoliths as suitable structures for ageing tigerfish, Hydrocynus vittatus. Fifty tigerfish were collected from the Pongolapoort Dam, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Growth zone counts on sectioned lapilli showed the greatest percentage agreement (52%) and highest precision (APE = 4.77%, CV = 6.20%). Growth zone counts were symmetrically distributed between structures (Bowker's tests P > 0.125). Between-reader analysis also showed sectioned lapilli to have the highest percentage agreement (68%) and best precision (APE = 5.55%, CV = 7.85%).
Health Forecast in Contemporary Society- A Case Study of Dorben Polytechnic Students, FCT Abuja

A good indicator of how much fat you carry is the Body Mass Index (BMI). Although it is not a perfect measure, it gives a fairly accurate assessment of how much of your body is composed of fat. BMI is a measure which takes into account a person’s weight and height to gauge total body fat in adults. Thus, this study explored the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and Blood Pressure with waist circumference and serum fasting lipid levels of apparently healthy students attending Dorben Polytechnic, so as to make predictions on health. Samples were obtained from the representative students of the institution after oral consent. On the basis of BMI, all participants were divided into three groups via, underweight (BMI was less than 18.50 kg/m 2 ), normal weight (BMI was between 18.50- 24.90 kg/m 2 ) and overweight (BMI between 25.00 - 29.90 kg/m 2 ). The mean of serum lipid levels, waist circumference as well as blood pressure were within the normal range in all the three BMI categories. The BMI in underweight and overweight categories correlated well with risk factor of cardiovascular disease as compared to BMI in the normal category. The mean BMI of 18.39Kg/M 2 and 27.15Kg/M 2 recorded in the underweight and overweight category respectively have lipid profiles that are predictive of future metabolic disorder, if left unabated in geometric fashion, and in the long run. Health problems can be extrapolated following the trend, and by extension health forecast. Key words : health forecast, Anthropometric parameters, Lipid profile
EVALUATION OF TEDDY BREEDING BUCKS ON THE BASIS OF PROGENYPERFOR~CE

Thirteen breeding bucks of Teddy goat breed maintained at the Livestock Production Research Institute, Bahadurnagar, Okara during 1975-88 were used to rank them on the basis of performance of their progeny. The recorded weaning data were adjusted to 120 days age basis. The bucks were evaluated on the basis of weaning weight production by flock-mate comparison method. Average weaning weight of the progeny was round to 9.72 ± 1.82 kg. The weaning weight of progenies was significantly affected by the sires. The indices developed ranged from 8.68 ± 1.77 to 10.92 ± 2.30 kg. Of thirteen bucks evaluated, the indices of 53.85% were above and the remaining 38.46% were below the flock average. The deviation of buck indices from average contemporary means weight ranged between -1.06 and + 1.24 kg.
Epilepsy prevalence and prescribing patterns in England and Wales

Epilepsy has been neglected as a focus for health services policy,though there have been attempts to redress this recently. A EuropeanWhite Paper on epilepsy was presented to members of the EuropeanParliament in March 2001. A report to the Department of Health in theUK has highlighted the need for research into the effectiveness andvalue of epilepsy services.
Reflections on staff development in eLearning via a community of practice model

This narrative seeks to identify practices which have enabled staff in eLearning roles to support their peers to increase the use of eLearning within a New Zealand tertiary education context. Specifically, it examines those factors which have contributed to the development of institutional capability in eLearning over a two-year funded period. Unitec New Zealand has recently implemented a transformative eLearning Development Strategy with the aim of developing the capability and capacity of Unitec academic staff in integrating learning technologies. The funding of a number of temporary roles aided development of staff capability and capacity in eLearning through a Community of Practice model. We consider factors that contribute to the development of a sustainable learning culture, and identify how a community approach has enabled this. We further explore and reflect upon the enablers and barriers experienced in the eLearning roles, and the implications of using this model and its efficacy in meeting institutional goals. An extended version of this paper was presented at the Moodle Research Conference held in Heraklion, Crete on 14-15 September 2012.
Dynamic Light and Shade

This book, illustrated with drawings in pencil, charcoal, pen and ink, and brush and ink, shows how to interpret subjects in terms of light and shade. Hogarth demonstrates how a dark silhouette on white paper can communicate form and space. He then shows how the silhouette is transformed into three dimensions with the addition of highlights. There is a chapter devoted to each of the five basic categories of light and shade: single-source light; double-source light; flat, diffused light; moonlight; and sculptural light. Natural and artificial light sources are examined, and the effects of the five types of light on a variety of subjects - faces, figures, landscapes, still lifes - are illustrated. Hogarth also explains more complex light effects: how light and shade can create a sense of near and far; how light is affected by weather, time of day, and the changing seasons; how light reveals the surface qualities of forms; the effects of light passing through transparent materials like glass and water; and much more.
Education and Redistribution

Education is a very expensive way of carrying out redistributive policies. This is because those who have been more favoured by nature/luck are also those who benefit most from the investment in education: if educational resources are distributed according to the ability to benefit, as efficiency would require, the better off should receive more, which is clearly inequitable. Some counterintuitive features of the provision of education can be understood in terms of this conflict between equity and efficiency: electoral preferences for the provision of university subsidies, the distributive consequences of admission tests, and the interaction between house prices and the quality of schools.
Investigation of beaver meat obtained in Latvia

There is a high interest on the part of consumers to obtain meat from animals which have been reared as close to natural conditions as possible. Game meat, characterised by high nutritional value and specific organoleptic qualities, complies also to this claim. Game animals, including beaver, meat provide an excellent investment, diversification of many consumer meals. The meat of wild animals is more favourable for human health because it has lower saturated fatty acids. Investigations about biochemical composition of beaver meat are not very common worldwide. The aim of study was evaluate biochemical composition of beaver meat hunted in Latvia. Therefore protein, amino acids, fat, ash, cholesterol content and fatty acid composition of beaver meat samples were done. Conclusion was made that beaver meat samples protein content was 20.07 -22.68% and fat content 3.31 -5.27%. The sum of essential amino acids in beaver meet samples was determined from 0.99 mg 100 g -1 , less than other game meat. While the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in meat samples of beaver (42.54%) was significantly higher than content of saturated (26.80%) or monounsaturated (27.42%) fatty acids. Ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids n-6 : n-3 in beaver meat samples were 1.26, PUFA : SFA in beaver meat samples were 1.60 and cholesterol content 49.51 mg 100 g -1 was lower in comparison of domestic or wild animals meat. From this point of view beaver meat is very healthy source of fat.
Special Section : Scaling in Soil and Complex Porous Media

Current studies indicate that biodiversity and pedodiversity may have similar paterns, for example diversity–area relaionships. This study examines pedodiversity and biodiversity– area relaionships on a global scale using countries as spaial units. The Food and Agricultural Organizaion (FAO) soil database and Internaional Union for the Conservaion of Nature–World Commission on Protected Areas (IUCN–WCMC) biological datasets have been used in this analysis. The results show that biodiversity of biological target groups (the number of species of vascular plants, amphibians, repiles, birds, mammals, and the total number of species of vertebrates) and pedodiversity (the number of pedotaxa or soil types at the second level of FAO classiicaion) conform to the power law. The two types of diversity are strongly correlated at the global level. When a country has high pedodiversity it has also high biodiversity, and since pedodiversity may be interpreted as an expression of environmental heterogeneity in terms of geological parent material, geomorphology, and climate of a given area, this result suggests that the biodiversity of a country depends both on the extent of its area and on its environmental heterogeneity. We are conscious of the limitaions of the results due to the inherent imprecision of the data set used for this study; however, we think that this analysis could moivate interest in coninuing to study the pedodiversity–biodiversity relaionships with a new pedotaxonomy that would take into consideraion the deep regolith layers.
EPS Production, PHB Accumulation and Abiotic Stress Endurance of Plant Growth Promoting Methylobacterium Strains Grown in a High Carbon Concentration

In this study, we compared growth pattern, floc yield, Exo-polysaccharides (EPS) production, Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulation, resistance to osmotic and acid stress in Methylobacterium strains CBMB20, CBMB27, CBMB35, and CBMB110. Modified high C:N ratio medium denoted as HCN-AMS medium was used with a C:N ratio of 30:1. The HCN-AMS medium favored increased growth in all the studied strains. All Methylobacterium strains tested positive for EPS production and showed positive fluorescence with calcoflour stain. Elevated levels of EPS production from 4.2 to 75.0% was observed in HCN-AMS medium. Accumulation of PHB in HCN-AMS medium increased by 3.8, 36.7, and 12.0% in strains CBMB27, CBMB35, and CBMB110 respectively. Among the abiotic stresses, osmotic stress-induced growth inhibition of Methylobacterium strains was found to be lowered when grown in HCN-AMS medium. Likewise, growth inhibition due to acid stress at pH 5.0 was lower for strains grown in HCN-AMS medium compared to growth in AMS medium. Enhanced survivability under stress conditions may be attributed to the high EPS and PHB production at increased carbon concentration in the growth medium.
Shakespeare and the Three Bears

Recent researchers into the documentary evidence of Shakespeare's professional life as a writer–performer have understandably restricted themselves to his human fellows and rivals. But on Bankside in the 1590s bear-baiting vied for popularity with theatre, and in this article, Nick de Somogyi seeks to correct a long-standing error of naming among the celebrity fighting bears of Paris Garden – stabled some hundred yards west of the Globe. Scholars are agreed that the careers of George Stone, Harry Hunks, and the great Sackerson competed for attention with the dramatist's own. But while Sackerson's is the only contemporary name Shakespeare ever dropped in his plays, and while George Stone probably expired in the same season as witnessed the premiere of Macbeth, it is argued here that the only scholarly basis for the existence of ‘the famous Harry Hunks’ lies in the erratic contemporary punctuation of a single poem. A Contributing Editor to NTQ, Nick de Somogyi gained his PhD at Pembroke College, Cambridge, and is now an independent scholar and textual consultant. He was the founder editor of the Globe Quartos series for Nick Hern Books, and The Winter's Tale, the eighteenth play in his Shakespeare Folios series (with Simon Trussler) appeared in early 2011. He curated three successive exhibitions at Shakespeare's Globe (2003–5), contributed to the National Portrait Gallery's Searching for Shakespeare exhibition (2006), and is the author of Shakespeare's Theatre of War (1998) and Shakespeare on Theatre (2011). This is the first in a series of pieces on the relationship between playhouse and beargarden he is currently researching.
Chemical constituents and antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of essential oil and acetone extract of Nigella sativa seeds

The antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant potentials of essential oil and acetone extract of black cumin were investigated by different techniques. In the inverted petriplate method, the essential oil showed complete zones of inhibition against Penicillium citrinum at a 6 µl dose. Essential oil showed complete growth inhibition against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 2000 and 3000 ppm, respectively, by the agar well diffusion method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring peroxide, TBA and total carbonyl values of rapeseed oil at fixed time intervals. Both the extract and essential oil showed strong antioxidant activity in comparison with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). In addition, their inhibitory action in the linoleic acid system was studied by monitoring the accumulation of peroxide concentration. Their radical scavenging capacity was carried out on 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and they showed excellent scavenging activity in comparison with synthetic antioxidants. Their reducing power was also determined, demonstrating strong antioxidant capacity of both the essential oil and extract. Gas chromatographic and gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric studies on the essential oil resulted in the identification of 38 components representing 84.65% of the total amount. The major component was p-cymene (36.2%) followed by thymoquinone (11.27%), α-thujene (10.03%), longifolene (6.32%), β-pinene (3.78%), α-pinene (3.33%) and carvacrol (2.12%), whereas extract showed the presence of 16 components representing 97.9% of the total amount. The major components were linoleic acid (53.6%), thymoquinone (11.8%), palmitic acid (10%), p-cymene (8.6%), longifolene (5.8%) and carvacrol (3.7%). Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Pharmacodynamic properties of essential oils from Cymbopogon species

Pharmacodynamic research plays an important role in the development of new antibacterial agents. Characterization of this pharmacodynamic can be used to design the best dose and dosing strategy for clinical trials. The pharmacodynamic properties can be determined by studying the bactericidal activity and the postantibiotic effects (PAE). Measurements of both bactericidal activity and the lag time could be useful in screening the efficacy of antimicrobial agents. In this study, the pharmacodynamic properties of essential oils from Cymbopogon flexuosus (lemongrass) and Cymbopogon nardus (citronella) as well as the combinations of both essential oils were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. At high concentrations (1.0 × minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and 0.5 × MBC), citronella and lemongrass essential oils alone or in combinations indicate high bactericidal activities toward S. aureus and E. coli, as shown by the decrease of optical absorbance values serially up to 24 h. However, these two essential oils or its combinations at lower concentrations (0.25 × MBC and 0.125 × MBC) showed the bacterial regrowth after 3 and 1 h of exposure time against S. aureus and E. Coli, respectively. Generally, citronella and lemongrass essential oils as well as its combinations indicate a significant lag of regrowth or PAE values which were more than 0.5 h towards both E. coli and S. aureus. This finding suggests that essential oils from Cymbopogon species showed a potential antimicrobial activity that can further be used for clinical treatment; thus, there is need for a study on the possible impact of PAE in the clinical situation.
Unification Requirements of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure

By increasing electric vehicles in numbers and getting the public attention, availability, safety and accessibility of its charging infrastructure are key factors to users’ satisfaction. Charging infrastructure in electric vehicle industry can have a role as an interface for exchanging information among other components as well. Currently, lack of universality in electric vehicle industry has caused an isolation in networks of electric vehicles. This isolation will cause difficulty in having an aggregated set of information about electric vehicles and their consumption pattern. The paper reviews current charging infrastructure and the possibility of providing universality based on candidate protocols and technologies.
A Mobility Aware Schema To Lower Packet Losses For Reactive Ad Hoc Routing Protocols

In an increasingly wireless world, Ad hoc networks have progressively been developed to become a suitable replacement or, at least complement to the traditional wireless networks. In contrast to the conventional wireless network, the Ad hoc network does not necessarily need a preset infrastructure to be functional. The network members move freely and arrange themselves to perform the routing operations in a distributed fashion. The kernel technology enabling such flexibility is the routing protocol. Though the absence of the infrastructure lowers the installation, configuration and maintenance cost of the dynamic networks, the mobile nodes must deal with several complex issues. Thus, managing : a) security, b) power consumption and balance, c) Quality of Service, in a distributed manner is very challenging. However, above all else, maintaining a path formed by moving particles is the most problematic task. In this paper we analyse the effect of the nodes mobility on the routing protocol performance. Then, we propose a simple schema to counter this issue.
Historical nitrogen fertilizer use in agricultural ecosystems of the contiguous United States during 1850–2015: application rate, timing, and fertilizer types

Abstract. A tremendous amount of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) fertilizer has been applied to agricultural lands to promote crop production in the US since the 1850s. However, inappropriate N management practices have caused numerous ecological and environmental problems which are difficult to quantify due to the paucity of spatially explicit time-series fertilizer use maps. Understanding and assessing N fertilizer management history could provide important implications for enhancing N use efficiency and reducing N loss. In this study, we therefore developed long-term gridded maps to depict crop-specific N fertilizer use rates, application timing, and the fractions of ammonium N (NH4+-N) and nitrate N (NO3−-N) used across the contiguous US at a resolution of 5 km × 5 km during the period from 1850 to 2015. We found that N use rates in the US increased from 0.22 g N m−2 yr−1 in 1940 to 9.04 g N m−2 yr−1 in 2015. Geospatial analysis revealed that hotspots for N fertilizer use have shifted from the southeastern and eastern US to the Midwest, the Great Plains, and the Northwest over the past century. Specifically, corn in the Corn Belt region received the most intensive N input in spring, followed by the application of a large amount of N in fall, implying a high N loss risk in this region. Moreover, spatial-temporal fraction of NH4+-N and NO3−-N varied largely among regions. Generally, farmers have increasingly favored ammonia N fertilizers over nitrate N fertilizers since the 1940s. The N fertilizer use data developed in this study could serve as an essential input for modeling communities to fully assess N addition impacts, and improve N management to alleviate environmental problems. Datasets used in this study are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.883585.
Characteristics of volcanic rifted margins

Volcanic rifted margins evolve by a combination of extrusive flood volcanism, intrusive magmatism, extension, uplift, and erosion. The temporal and spatial relationships between these processes are influenced by the plate tectonic regime; the preexisting lithosphere (thickness, composition, geothermal gradient); the upper mantle (temperature and character); the magma production rate; and the prevailing climatic system. Of the Atlantic rifted margins, 75% are believed to be volcanic, the cumulative expression of thermotectonic processes over 200 m.y. Volcanic rifted margins also characterize Ethiopia-Yemen, India-Australia, and Africa-Madagascar. The transition from continental flood volcanism (or formation of a large igneous province) to ocean ridge processes (mid-ocean ridge basalt) is marked by a prerift to synrift transition with formation of a subaerial and/or submarine seaward-dipping reflector series and a significant thickness (to 15 km) of juvenile, high-velocity lower crust seaboard of the continental rifted margin. Herein we outline the similarities and differences between volcanic rifted margins worldwide and list some of their diagnostic features.
Procedure to validate sexual stimuli: Reliability and validity of a set of sexual stimuli in a sample of young Colombian heterosexual males

Penile plethysmography – or phallometric assessment – is a very relevant evaluation for sexual health. The objective of this research is to suggest a guideline to validate sexual stimuli and validate a set of sexual stimuli in young heterosexual men. Six videos of 3:15 minute-long were used. A total of 24 men were assessed. Objective sexual arousal, rapid change of peripheral temperature, pulse, the International Index of Erectile Function-5, Self-Assessment Manikin, Multidimensional Scale to Assess Subjective Sexual Arousal and socio-psycho-sexual questions were used. The results showed three sexual excerpts which were clearly superior to the others – something discordant with the subjective opinion of researchers. These three sexual excerpts generated internally consistent measurements; moreover, good indicators of external validity have been observed with statistically significant differences as expected. Furthermore, with healthy young population, it has been shown that the three stimuli produce objective sexual arousal if used together.
Effects of Dietary Chromium on Immune System

Krom (Cr) beslemesi uzerine bircok calisma yapilmistir. Ilk donemlerde arastirmacilar tarafindan esansiyel bir besin maddesi/mineral olarak kabul edilmis ve karbonhidrat metabolizmasi ile yakin iliskisi detayli bicimde ortaya konmustur. Erken donemde Cr mineralinin bagisiklik sistemi uzerine bazi etkileri oldugu in vitro calismalar ile kesfedilmistir. Son yillarda ise bu etkilerinin ciftlik bazindaki yansimalari ortaya konmaktadir. Bu calismada, Cr beslemesinin bagisiklik sistemi ve yanitina etkileri incelenmistir.