Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Release of Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin by both a specific secretion pathway and budding of outer membrane vesicles. Uptake of released toxin and vesicles by gastric epithelium

The mechanisms by which Helicobacter pylori releases its virulence factors are poorly known. Active secretion has been proposed for some products, including a vacuolating toxin (VacA). Outer membrane vesicles represent another mechanism by which some Gram‐negative bacteria may release virulence factors. This study sought to localize VacA by immunocytochemistry in H. pylori cells, to determine whether H. pylori produces outer membrane vesicles, and to investigate whether such vesicles might constitute a vehicle for the delivery of bacterial virulence factors to the gastric mucosa. Small (50–300 nm) membrane vesicles were found in H. pylori culture media from both H. pylori strain 60190 and strain CCUG 17874. These vesicles appeared to originate from blebs arising on the bacterial outer membrane. VacA was immunolocalized in the periplasm and outer membrane of intact bacteria and also in outer membrane blebs and vesicles. Both soluble secreted VacA and VacA‐containing vesicles bound to, and were internalized by, MKN28 cells and were detectable in the gastric mucosa from H. pylori‐infected humans. The release of outer membrane vesicles by H. pylori may represent a mechanism, additional to secretory pathways, for the delivery of bacterial toxins and antigens to the gastric mucosa. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Novel CMOS Wideband Auto-tuning Phase Shifter Circuit

A novel auto-tuning phase shifter circuit suitable for integrated circuit implementation is presented. The circuit exhibits simple structure and provides phase shifting over three decades of frequency, 2 kHz - 2 MHz, with a minimal phase error, less than 3.5%. simulation results using 0.5 um CMOS technology and power supply plusmn2V are included.
Il rapporto di lavoro

Il rapporto di lavoro consiste in una relazione di scambio nella quale il datore di lavoro e il lavoratore si vincolano reciprocamente alla erogazione di una remunerazione e di un insieme di prestazioni professionali. Entrambi i soggetti sono titolari di diritti e di doveri: la loro relazione deve rispettare le norme della Costituzione, le leggi e i contratti collettivi nazionali di lavoro. Il prestatore di lavoro subordinato è colui che si obbliga, mediante retribuzione, a collaborare nell’impresa prestando la propria opera di lavoro intellettuale e manuale alle dipendenze e sotto la direzione dell’imprenditore (art. 2094 del Codice civile); il datore di lavoro, l’imprenditore, è colui che esercita professionalmente un’attività economica organizzata al fine della produzione o dello scambio di beni e servizi (art. 2082 del Codice Civile). L’atto costitutivo del rapporto di lavoro è il contratto individuale di lavoro (normalmente, riassunto nella lettera di assunzione), che deve assicurare condizioni di impiego comunque non inferiori a quelle dei contratti collettivi nazionali di lavoro applicati in quel settore. La mancanza di questo documento non comprova l’inesistenza del rapporto di lavoro: se esiste la volontà delle parti di istituire tale rapporto esso esiste anche in assenza del contratto individuale di lavoro. La forma del contratto, nella generalità dei casi, non è vincolata. La forma scritta è obbligatoria per i contratti a tempo determinato, per i contratti a tempo parziale, per i contratti di formazione e lavoro: in assenza di forma scritta quei contratti devono intendersi a tempo pieno e indeterminato. Il contratto di lavoro può essere stipulato senza l’apposizione di un termine (e, quindi, si avrà un contratto a tempo indeterminato) ovvero per un periodo di tempo definito (contratto a tempo determinato). Una volta instaurato, il rapporto di lavoro – entro limiti stabiliti dalla legge e dai contratti può essere interrotto per le ferie, per permessi (retribuiti e non), per messa in aspettativa, per malattia o infortunio, per congedi (es. per il matrimonio), per lo svolgimento del servizio militare etc., senza che ciò comporti l’estinzione del rapporto stesso. Il rapporto di lavoro può cessare per dimissioni del lavoratore o per licenziamento. In entrambi i casi vanno rispettate le norme: il licenziamento può avvenire in presenza di una giusta causa o di un giustificato motivo mentre le dimissioni devono essere date nel rispetto del periodo di preavviso. In conclusione: è importante che entrambi i soggetti abbiano ben presente che sono titolari di una serie di diritti e di doveri ed è senz’altro corretto e necessario che la loro attenzione sia rivolta ad entrambi. I lavoratori hanno il diritto, tutelato dalla Costituzione, di associarsi in organizzazioni sindacali che li rappresentano di fronte ai datori di lavoro, conducono la contrattazione collettiva e offrono servizi di tutela. Anche i datori di lavoro possono associarsi sia per svolgere la contrattazione collettiva sia per ricevere particolari servizi.
Decreased Light Intensity Alters the Perception of Day Length by Male European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)

The breeding season of wild starlings is controlled by photoperiod. Full breeding condition is attained during exposure to lengthening days in the spring, and photorefractoriness ensues. The reproductive system of starlings will not subsequently be stimulated by long day lengths until photorefractoriness is dissipated by the short day lengths experienced in the autumn and winter. Unlike most studies on avian photoperiodism, this investigation involved manipulation of light intensity of a fixed photoperiod rather than of photoperiod itself. Photo sensitive starlings transferred from short days to long days of different light intensities underwent graded reproductive responses according to the light intensity they experienced. Testes size in the group in the lowest intensity (3 lux) increased faster than that in controls on short days of normal intensity, but they did not become photorefractory. Testes size increased in the groups on 13, 45, and 108 lux and subsequently became photorefractory. However, the 13-and 45-lux groups required more time to become photorefractory than did the 108-lux group. The responses observed were similar to those seen in starlings exposed to different photoperiods (e.g., 11 h light:13 h dark [11L:13D], 13L:11D, 16L:8D, 18L:6D), even though all were on the same 18L:6D photoperiod. Initially, the results appear to challenge the external coincidence model for photoperiodic time measurement, but consideration of the phase response curve of the circadian rhythm of photoinducibility in starlings and the way in which it might be affected by low light intensities refute this challenge.
Percepção dos gestores sobre o processo de institucionalização do Balanced Scorecard de uma empresa de saneamento

Abstract The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) methodology is one of the management artifacts most widely used by large companies, but many organizations have difficulty with its implementation and use. This research sought to identify the factors that contributed to the institutionalization and/or the deinstitutionalization of BSC in a large basic sanitation company. The research was conducted by means of questionnaires with managers through which it was possible to identify, in the light of institutional theory, and more precisely from new institutional sociology, sociological motivations that contributed to the institutionalization and/or deinstitutionalization of BSC in the organization. The conclusion was that the combined effects of different agents that acted for their own interests, the lack of an institutionalized technical environment and, at a certain moment in time, the lack of conditions that supported and maintained the technical environment (the main leadership left) were the main causes that contributed to the deinstitutionalization process of BSC.
Additive recombination in bacteria.

INTRODUCTION . 872 INTEGRATION OF BACTERIOPHAGES . 873 Circularization of Phage DNA 873 Insertion and Excision of Phage DNA . 873 Molecular Interactions of Mu Phage . 875 Regulation of Phage Integration and Excision.878 Integration Site Specificity . 880 Attachment Site Studies . 881 Linear Insertion of Lambda DNA. 883 Polylysogens of Lambda. 884 Formation of Specialized Transducing Phages 885 INTERACTIONS OF INSERTION SEQUENCES AND TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS.886 INTEGRATION OF PLASMIDS.891 Hfr Formation . 891 F' Derivatives 891 Other Plasmids. 892 PLASMID COINTEGRATION 893 CONCLUDING REMARKS 4 APPENDIX. 894 Genetic Markers . 894 Genetic Elements . 895 Phenotypic Traits . 895 LITERATURE CITED . 895
Un modelo de evaluación del servicio de consultoría especializada en ISO 9000

1 Facultad de Ciencias Economicas y Sociales. Universidad Internacional de Cataluna. Inmaculada, 22, 08017 Barcelona. fmarimon@cir.uic. es 2 Escuela de Ingenieros Industriales de Tarrasa. Universidad Politecnica de Cataluna. Colom, 11, 08222 Barcelona. federico.garriga@upc.edu 3 Escuela de Ingenieros Industriales de Tarrasa. Universidad Politecnica de Cataluna. Colom, 11, 08222 Barcelona. manuel.rajadell@upc.edu
Comparison of the Entamoeba histolytica TATA-binding protein (TBP) structure with other TBP.

Entarnoeba histolytica DNA structure and gene transcription regulation is of high interest to understand the factors regulating virulence expression. We have started the study of the transcription machinery using as a model the promoters of Ehpgpl and Ehpgp5 genes involved in the inultidrug resistance phenotype (4). The transfection methodology was recently established in this parasite (2,5) and it has helped to study DNA sequences playing important roles in gene transcription. Recent studies focused on the structure and function of two slightly different 170 kDa heavy subunits of the galactoseinhibitable lectin have established that the TATTTAAA sequence (TATA-box), the CCAAT-box and GAACelement are required for full promoter activity in vivo. In addition, the transcription of protein-encoding genes is insensitive to up to 1 inglml a-amanitin (1) suggesting that RNApolymerase has different properties from those shown by other eukaryotic RNApolymerases. However, no transcription factors have been cloned in this parasite and this limits the understanding of gene expression regulation. The TATA-binding protein (TBP) plays a central role in this process and is essential for transcription initiation by the three classes of RNA polyinerases (RNAP). TBP interacts with several factors (TAFs) to form inultiprotein complexes that allow the recruitment of additional transcriptional factors to assemble the pre-initiation complex specific for each type of RNAP. TBP also interacts indirectly with TATA-less gene promoters through TAFs or other transcriptional factors and modulates transcription in response to other specific regulatory factors, such as Sp 1, p53 and RB. Although several transcriptional factors are able to bind TBP, transcriptional activation is only mediated through protein-protein interactions between these transcriptional factors and the TAFs named coactivators. When TBP binds to theTATA box, the DNA structure is distorted to facilitate transcription. The region involved in DNA binding is a 180 amino acid sequence located at the C-tenninus which is significantly conserved in all TBP. Genes encoding TBP have been isolated from anuinber oforganisins includingAcanthainoebacastellanii and Plasnzodiz~nz falciparwn. Interestingly, in P. falciparunz, tbp sequence diverges significantly from other tbp genes, due in part to the A+T richness of the genome. In order to continue our studies focused on transcription regulation, we report here the comparative analysis of the EhTBP with other TBP.
In vitro study on the morphology of human blood dendritic cells and LPAK cells inducing apoptosis of the hepatoma cell line.

OBJECTIVE To observe in vitro effects and morphological changes of human peripheral blood dendritic cells (DCs) on the ability of lymphokine and phytohaemagglutininum (PHA) activated killer (LPAK) cells to induce apoptosis of the human hepatoma cell line (BEL-7402, B). METHODS Experimental groups were divided into LD group (DCs + L + B), L group (L + B), D group (DCs + B) and B group. The methods of neutral red uptake, ordinary light microscopy, electron microscopy, TDT mediated X-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) were used. RESULTS The difference between the D group and the B group was not distinct (P > 0.05). The difference between the LD group and the L group was distinct, with DCs + LPAK > LPAK (P < 0.01) in cytotoxicity. Apoptotic cells were TUNEL positive in light microscopy, and apoptotic nuclei were stained yellow brown and dark brown, with size and shape varying from cell to cell. Ultrastructural change in apoptotic tumor cells comprised of compaction and condensation of nuclear chromatin, and condensation of cytoplasm and apoptotic bodies. At the same time, LPAK cells manifested the characteristics of autophagic apoptosis, and there were some autophagic bodies in it. CONCLUSIONS The combination of human blood DCs and LPAK cells could induce apoptosis of BEL-7402 cells effectively, with some LPAK cells manifesting the characteristics of autophagic apoptosis.
Epidemiologic Associations Between Hypertriglyceridemia and Coronary Heart Disease

The status of hypertriglyceridemia as a risk fac tor for coronary heart disease is controversial, 1-3 despite the numerous studies that have addressed the relationship of triglyceride to disease. This is in con trast to the well-established increased risk associated with elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and the strong protective effect of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. 4-10 In this article the epidemiologic literature addressing associ ations of triglyceride and coronary heart disease will be examined. Moderate elevations of triglyceride will be considered, that is, levels of approximately 200 to 500 mg/
Review of the top 5 cardiology studies of 2015-16

Methods The study selection process for this review used a similar methodology to previous publications. A list of 19 potentially relevant cardiologyassociated studies published in 2015-16 was created through discussions with hospital-based pharmacists practising in cardiology. This list (with accompanying citations and abstracts) was used to create an online survey that was emailed to the 382 pharmacists subscribed to the Primary Care Pharmacy Specialty Network of the Canadian Pharmacists Association/Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists. Respondents were asked to select up to a maximum of 5 cardiology studies relevant to their practice. The survey was open for 2 weeks with 2 reminder emails.
Symmetric lattice 45°, 90° and 180° digital phase shifter at 3–6 GHz for LTE, WIFI, Radar applications

In this paper, we present a novel phase shifter topologies to construct 45°, 90° and 180° phase shifter cells laid-out using 180 nm TSMC technology. These phase units provides compact circuit sized with reasonable implementation components. Instead of using pin-diodes in the phase shifter topologies, CMOS switches are used to have advantages of simple control circuit for switching and very low power consumption. Operation of the new circuit is based on the phase shifting properties of the symmetrical all-pass LC lattices. As a consequence of this research, it is straight forward to construct phase shifting cells over a wide frequency band, with various angles for multi bit phase array systems. In this work explicit design equations are presented according to ideal lumped elements and normalized frequency. A numerical method which includes the design model is analyzed in MATLAB. Top level design is simulated in CADENCE. Simulations performed with actual elements from TSMC and inductors are designed in ASITIC tool. A phase shift between 3-6GHz is achieved with less than 4.5° phase error for 45°, 90° and 180°. Insertion loss for 45°, 90° and 180° are between 3.4-5.9 dB, 10.3-11.4 dB and 10.9-18.5dB respectively.
Structure-Function Analysis of Transformation Events

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, critical reforms were outlined in biology. This was due to the fact that the increase of information garnered from the sequences of informational molecules (DNA, RNA and proteins) and their perception by the scientific community were incompatible with the narrow horizons of the dogmas and paradigms that shaped the ideology of biological knowledge at the end of the last century. The clear linear representations that were invoked during the initial period of the development of molecular biology were at first encountered with numerous exceptions to these "clear" rules and then lost in the avalanche of new representations that were incompatible with the linear schemes. As a result, new directions of study and even meta-directions (e.g., epigenetics, epigenomics and biosemiotics for reviews, see Allis et al., 2007; Ferguson-Smith et al., 2009; Hoffmeyer, 2008) have arisen, and functionally oriented divisions of biological science have formed that are named as various “–omics” (including the extravagant “biblioma”Abi-Haidar et al., 2007), the RNA machine (Amaral et al., 2008), and the molecular mechanisms of cell cycle regulation and individual development. In turn, these disciplines have demanded new theoretical implementations involving novel approaches from the theory of networks and systems (Barabasi et al., 2000; West & Brown, 2005; Zaretzky & Letelier, 2002). The last two decades have been particularly rich in discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the expression of biological information, such as new ways of alternative splicing (Rodriguez-Trelles et al., 2006), a variety of functions for non-coding transcripts and the role of short RNAs as forward and reverse regulators (Mattick et al., 2009). Presently, we have a situation in biology in which it would be nearly impossible to publish a book with the title “DNA Makes RNA Makes Protein” (Pentris et al., 1983). However, another book, with a title equally as concise and perfectly reflecting the new biological paradigm, has not yet been written. In other words, a revision of the old concepts has not been completed with a new and clear way of structuring the data from the quickly growing "body" of biological science. Theoretical biology is also at a critical state, which is characterized by attempts to formulate or reformulate the basic concepts and axioms of the discipline. Signs of such attempts may be the revival of interest in the definition of life, the revision of “sets” and even “types”, signs that distinguish the living from the non-living and increased attention to the genotypephenotype relationship.
Rainbow Bridge - Training Center based on Voice Technology for People with Physical Disabilities

The Rainbow Bridge is an EU-supported project that aims to teach Czech people with physical disabilities to benefit from voice technology products in their lives and prospective jobs. All products voice control tools and dictation programs have been developed in our lab during the last decade. At this stage, the main goal is to teach the target group how to use PCs in hands-free manner (though some have no previous experience with computers), how to adapt the tools to their specific speech abilities and how to acquire the skills that can be useful for their potential employers. One of the lecturers is a quadriplegic person who herself has been using our voice products for almost 5 years.
Designing Situation Awareness - Addressing the Needs of Medical Emergency Response

The effective support of Situation Awareness (SA) is the core of many applications. In this paper, we report a progress on the research towards the complementing of the existing studies with new knowledge, on engineering of SA in particular keeping in mind a complex multi-stakeholder context of existing and future knowledge intensive intelligent environments. A medical emergency response use case is used as an instantiation example to evaluate our engineering thoughts.
Switched LNAs using GaAs MMIC based RF MEMS switches

In this paper, we present small and large signal data of a switched LNA hybrid circuit implemented using a low-loss and high linearity RF MEMS switching network on a GaAs MMIC wafer. The GaAs MEMS based reconfigurable LNA front-end circuit can achieve a 30 dB difference in in-band gain and attenuation (when the switch is turned on and off) while also being able to maintain a high gain (low noise figure) and P1dB compression point in comparison with the standard LNA MMIC used here.
Access to Potable Water Supply in Nigerian Cities Evidence from Yenagoa Metropolis

The importance of safe water supply to human health cannot be over emphasized. However, potable water supply to most Nigerian cities is still inadequate. This study was designed to determine households’ access to potable water supply in Yenagoa, in terms of quality and quantity. To achieve this aim, 15 borehole water samples were collected from 15 neighbourhoods, which the metropolis was structured. 375 questionnaires were randomly distributed in these neighbourhoods using the systematic sampling technique. The analyses revealed that both the quality and quantity of water supply in Yenagoa were inadequate. For instance, turbidity values (20.70-41.20 NTU) in all the sampled water were above the WHO 5 NTU threshold; while 7 (46.67%) samples have pH values below the WHO minimum value of 6.5, indicating acidity. Similarly, iron and lead also have 4 (26.67%) and 3 (20%) samples above the WHO thresholds of 0.3mg/l and 0.01mg/l respectively. The analyses of the quantity of water supply in Yenagoa also show that in spite of the proliferations of wells and boreholes, and the short distances to sources of major water supply, 29.28% of sampled respondents used below 20 litres of water per capita per day. This is mainly attributed to the high cost of water supply (average of N4, 500 per month) in relation to the monthly minimum national wage of N18, 000. It is therefore recommended that the State Government should as a matter of urgency revive and increase the capacity of the state water corporation to deliver potable water supply to the people at reasonable cost.
Application du coclustering à l'analyse exploratoire d'une table de données

La classification croisee est une technique d'analyse non supervisee qui permet d'extraire la structure sous-jacente existante entre les individus et les variables d'une table de donnees sous forme de blocs homogenes. Cette technique se limitant aux variables de meme nature, soit numeriques soit catego-rielles, nous proposons de l'etendre en proposant une methodologie en deux etapes. Lors de la premiere etape, toutes les variables sont binarisees selon un nombre de parties choisi par l'analyste, par discretisation en frequences egales dans le cas numerique ou en gardant les valeurs les plus frequentes dans le cas categoriel. La deuxieme etape consiste a utiliser une methode de coclustering entre individus et variables binaires, conduisant a des regroupements d'indivi-dus d'une part, et de parties de variables d'autre part. Nous appliquons cette methodologie sur plusieurs jeux de donnee en la comparant aux resultats d'une analyse par correspondances multiples ACM, appliquee aux meme donnees bi-narisees.