Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of collagenous colitis in inflammatory bowel disease: two case reports and a review of the literature

Abstract The occurrence of collagenous colitis (CC) in patients with pre-existing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is rare, with only seven cases reported in the past. Herein, we report two IBD cases who developed CC after successful treatment of their IBD with two different tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors, which have been previously reported to successfully treat refractory CC. This report highlights the need to do random biopsies of the colon for CC diagnosis in IBD patients with symptoms of diarrhea after complete mucosal healing. The report also reviews plausible mechanisms as to how CC may develop, including the role of multiple medications.
Low Energy Design Techniques For Data Converters

Analog to Digital Converters (ADCs) are crucial to capture data in almost any Internet of Everything (IoE) device as sensed physical signals have to be converted into digital data, before some processing and data transmission can take place. Today, ADCs are designed for low supply energy consumption, usually expressed in energy-per-conversion step which for state-of-the art architecture is (stagnated) ~ 1fJ/conversion-step. However, the energy consumed from the always ON sensor interface circuitry e.g. the input driver is usually not taken into account and seldom addressed. This input drive energy (usually larger than the ADC supply energy) presents a major challenge in minimizing the energy consumption of e.g. autonomous and event-driven IoE applications. This thesis presents design techniques to reduce the amount of energy required to perform various operations during data conversion, such as comparison, buffering the input signal and sampling the buffered input signal. These techniques aim at reducing the amount of charge (and energy) required to perform each of these operations that require a certain capacitance to satisfy the theoretical kT/C noise limit for a given SNR. The energy consumption for charging-discharging of this capacitor is reduced by minimizing the voltage change across this capacitor for the operations mentioned above without compromising the SNR. The low energy design techniques presented in this thesis contributed towards attaining the lowest reported Walden FoM of 0.35 fJ/conv-step for the standalone SAR ADC. When including the energy consumption of the buffers the Walden FoM of 87 fJ/conv-step (using only a single supply voltage) is also the lowest among all the reported buffered SAR ADCs to the best of my knowledge. In addition the design techniques presented in this thesis allow the buffered SAR ADC to operate from a single supply voltage (1.2 V) thereby alleviating the need of any additional supply voltage level to interface with wireless sensor nodes.
Determination of Periodontal Status and Smoking Habits with CPITN Index

Aim: Periodontal diseases are a major worldwide and is considered to be one of the most common oral pathologies. A large portion of periodontal pathologies are affected by a variety of factors genetic, socio-economic status, smoking, oral hygiene and lifestyle. The relationship between smoking and periodontal disease attracting more and more interest in the last 10-15 years. This study was planned to determine whether there is a relationship between smoking habits and periodontal status. Methodology: In this study, 372 individuals were evaluated between the ages 12-79. These individuals divided into 7 groups according to age, including 12-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79. CPITN scores and whether or not cigarette smoking habits of all individuals were recorded. Daily cigarette consumption was evaluated 0, occasionally, 1-10, 11-20 and more than 20. Results: In our study, no significant statistical difference was found between the age groups and gender (p>0.05). There is a relationship proportional to the age and periodontal disease (p<0.05). Periodontal status of individuals who smoke analyzed, although individuals who smoke have higher periodontal scores, statistically significant relationship was not found between the two groups. Conclusions: Examined the periodontal status of the individuals included in the study, there is no difference between smokers and nonsmokers with individuals, despite the periodontal scores were higher in smokers. It is suggested that oral hygiene education would be effective in the rate of smoking and periodontal health. How to cite this article: Saribas E, Acun Kaya F, Dogru AG, Talo Yildirim T. Determination of periodontal status and smoking habits with CPITN index. Int Dent Res 2017;7:26-31.
The influence of social networks on the grades of medical students at University of Babylon, Iraq

Received 11 April 2017 Revised 06 May 2017 Accepted 11 May 2017 Early online 16 June 2017 Print 31 July 2017 Social networks are becoming increasingly popular among university students. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of social networks on the grades of second stage medical students at the College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Iraq. Fifty medical students completed web-hosted questionnaire about type of social networks they used frequently, time spent on these media in hours per day, main reason for use of these networks and the impact on their social interaction, study time and grades. Students were also asked to provide the cumulative grades of physiology, anatomy and biochemistry courses. Time spent by students on social networks was correlated with study time and combined grades of the three courses. All students have been using facebook and 96% have been using facebook messenger or other social networks. Eighty-four percent of students reported that social networks reduce social interaction. Average time spent on social networks and study times were 5.22±2.96, 5.51±4.57 hours per day respectively whereas students average combined grades (out of 40) was 29.85±10.63. No correlation has been found between time spent on social networks and students combined grades of the three courses or study time. Despite that social networks are very popular among medical student at University of Babylon, the use of these networks seems to have no significant effect on their grades which could be attributed to a controlled use of these networks. Corresponding author
Head-compliant microstrip split ring resonator for non-invasive healing monitoring after craniosynostosis-based surgery

A soft and highly directive, proximity-coupled split-ring resonator fabricated with a liquid alloy, copper and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is presented. The same was designed for sensing osteogenesis of calvarial bone. As dielectric properties of bone grafts in ossifying calvarial defects should change during the osteogenesis process, devices like this could monitor the gradual transformation of the defect into bone by differentiating changes in the dielectric properties as shifts in the resonance frequency. Computational Software Technology (CST) Microwave Studio®-based simulation results on computational head models were in good agreement with laboratory results on head phantom models, which also included the comparison with an in-vivo measurement on the human head. A discussion based on an inductive reasoning regarding dynamics’ considerations is provided as well. Since the skin elasticity of newborn children is high, stretching and crumpling could be significant. In addition, due to typical head curvatures in newborn children, bending should not be a significant issue, and can provide higher energy focus in the defect area and improve conformability. The present concept could support the development of soft, cheap and portable follow-up monitoring systems to use in outpatient hospital and home care settings for post-operative monitoring of bone healing after reconstructive surgical procedures.
Spatial Trends and Distribution Patterns of Organic Crop Production in Central Kenya

This research adds to knowledge on trends and distribution patterns of organic agriculture (OA) systems. The study was descriptive in nature involving 329 organic farmers selected through stratified random sampling from four counties in Central Kenya. The counties were Nyeri, Murang’a, Kirinyaga, and Kiambu. A peer and expert reviewed semi-structured questionnaire and GPS devices were used for data collection. The mean acreage under OA in the four counties rose significantly from M = 264.88, (tau) τ = . 0.44, p < . 05 in 2012 to M = 508.95, τ = . 95, p < . 05 in 2017. The annual income from organic crops increased by 84% from KShs 29,926 ($299.26) in 2012 to KShs 181,635 ($1816.35) in 2017. Most of the organic farms were clustered as reported by the average neighbor index (index = .05, p <.05, Z = -37.24). More conventional agricultural farmers converted to OA, thus, acreage and income emanating from organic crop production rose tremendously. The clustering of the farms resulted from the formation of farmer groups, proximity to the packing houses and holding facilities, environmental, sociological, and financial factors. More farmers in the region should be encouraged to convert to OA. An expansion of clusters would enhance the sharing of information.
Forging empire: Angkorian iron smelting, community and ritual practice at Tonle Bak

Abstract Iron-production sites of the early historic period in Mainland Southeast Asia (fifth to fifteenth centuries AD) are rare. Recent excavations at the Tonle Bak site in central Cambodia now provide the first evidence for furnace technology, metallurgical characteristics of slag concentrations and evidence for the organisation of local smelting communities and ritual practices during the peak of the Angkorian Khmer Empire. The results demonstrate that the smelters were directly integrated with Angkorian state-exchange networks. They also raise questions about the use of ethnohistorical records for understanding the identity and organisation of these early metalworkers.
Iron deficiency anemia among rural population attending tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: Nutritional anemia is a major public health problem in India and is primarily due to iron deficiency which is more common among rural population. The present study aimed at evaluating iron deficiency anemia among rural population attending our tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: Patients having hemoglobin level below 11g/dl with Serum Iron level 400 ug/dl were enrolled in the study. A total of 259 patients were included in the study. Hemoglobin estimation and other investigations were performed as per standard protocol in pathology laboratory. Results: Majority of patients were females (58.69%) and preponderance of iron deficiency anemia was seen in the age group of 21-30(28.96%) followed by 31-40(25.09%). Majority of male patients had mild anemia (55.14%) whereas majority of females had moderate anemia (57.24%). Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia is significantly high among women of reproductive age group. Among females moderate anemia was predominant. Mild anemia was commonly observed in males.
Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi-Uykusuzluk Protokolü ve Etkililik Çalışmalarının Gözden Geçirilmesi

Gunumuzde uyku ile ilgili problemlerde artis gorulmektedir. Hem ulkemizde hem de diger ulkelerde uykusuzluk bozuklugunun (insomni) en sik karsilasilan uyku bozukluklarindan biri oldugu belirtilmektedir. Bu arastirma kapsaminda, uykusuzluk bozuklugunun bilissel davranisci terapi temelli tedavisi ve bu tedavi yaklasiminin etkililigini inceleyen calismalar gozden gecirilmistir. Derleme icin Medline, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Web of Science, JStore veri tabanlari incelenerek 2005-2019 yillari arasindaki Bilissel Davranisci Terapi Uykusuzluk Protokolunu (BDT-U) konu edinmis calismalar incelenmistir. Ilgili alan yazina gore BDT-U’nun uykusuzluk belirtilerini azaltmada, uyunan uyku suresini artirmada, mudahaleden sonra elde edilen kazanimlarin korunmasinda olumlu sonuclari mevcuttur. Yapilan bazi calismalarda mudahalenin bir kisim dezavantajlarinin oldugu vurgulansa da sadece uykusuzluk bozuklugunun tedavisinde degil, uykusuzluk bozuklugu ile beraber gorulen depresyon, anksiyete gibi rahatsizliklarin tedavisinde de bu mudahalenin etkili bir tedavi yontemi oldugu anlasilmaktadir. Uluslararasi alan yazinda sikca kullanilan ve etkililiginin arastirildigi BDT-U protokolunun, ulusal alan yazinda etkililik calismalarinin henuz yapilmadigi gorulmustur. Bu nedenle yapilan calismada bu konu ile ilgili uluslararasi alan yazinda yapilan calismalar gozden gecirilmistir.
ESC-Leitlinie 2016 zum Management von Vorhofflimmern

Zusammenfassung Die neue ESC-Leitlinie zum Management von Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern (VHF) aus 2016 gibt einen Überblick über die aktuelle Datenlage zur Diagnostik und Therapie von Patienten mit VHF. Viele Empfehlungen der Leitlinie beruhen auf Expertenmeinung, und eine Anpassung durch zukünftige Studienergebnisse ist wünschenswert. Insbesondere wird ein multidisziplinärer, kooperativer Ansatz der Prävention, Diagnostik und Therapie von Vorhofflimmern in den Vordergrund gestellt. Ziel ist es, Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern in unterschiedlichen Settings optimal zu behandeln, wobei Lebensqualität und Prognose im Vordergrund stehen. Die Behandlung VHF-begünstigender Faktoren oder Komorbiditäten spielt eine entscheidende Rolle in der Prävention und Therapie von Patienten mit VHF. Neben diesen Empfehlungen zur Prävention und frühzeitigen Erkennung von Vorhofflimmern ist ein großer Teil der Leitlinie auf eine adäquate Schlaganfallprophylaxe und Risikostratifizierung ausgerichtet. Weiterhin wird der klinische CHA2DS2-VASc-Score zur Risikoprädiktion und adäquaten Indikation einer oralen Antikoagulation empfohlen. Insgesamt sind die Empfehlungen bei der Antikoagulation auf ein Vermeiden einer Unter- bzw. Überdosierung von Vitamin-K-Antagonisten zugunsten der neuen direkten Thrombininhibitoren verschoben. Die interventionelle Therapie von Vorhofflimmern wird für symptomatische, medikamentös therapierefraktäre Patienten, aber auch als „First-Line“-Therapie bei Wunsch des Patienten empfohlen. Die Einbindung des Patienten in die Prophylaxe und Entscheidungsfindung zur Therapie wird empfohlen und stellt einen zentralen Kernpunkt der Leitlinienempfehlungen dar, wobei kontrollierte Studien zum Nutzen der Einbindung interdisziplinärer Gremien bisher nicht existieren.
An Overview of the Wireless Key Technologies of 5G

With the accelerate growth of mobile communication technology, 5G emerges at a historic moment, has been developing at high speed and devotes itself to open the curtain of the information age. This paper summarizes the wireless key technologies of 5G including technology trials. Finally, progress on implementation issue of these techniques are also reviewed.
PERFORMANCE PREDICTION OF BUNDLE DOUBLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE-COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR DIPOLE ANTENNAS AT TERAHERTZ FREQUENCY RANGE

—In this paper, the double-walled carbon nanotube composite material (DWCNTs-composite) and bundle of DWCNT-composite material (CB-DWCNTs) for antenna applications at terahertz frequency range are presented and investigated. The mathematical modeling and analysis of DWCNTs-composite material is presented for the purpose of modelling and simulation approach. The bundle of DWCNTs-composite material is constructed and designed, based on this modeling approach. The DWCNT-composite material consists of double-walled carbon nanotube coated by a thin jacket of another diﬀerent material. The dependency of the electrical conductivity of B-DWCNTs-composite on diﬀerent parameters is presented and investigated. The performance evaluation of B-DWCNTs-composite and CB-DWCNTs materials are presented based on their electromagnetic properties. For this purpose, the dipole antennas of these composite materials are designed and implemented using CST (MWS), where the cross sections of B-DWCNTs-composite and CB-DWCNT materials are circular geometry. Furthermore, comparative studies are performed to show the dependency of size and frequency of the DWCNT-composite material. The results obtained from the DWCNTs-composite and CB-DWCNTs dipole antennas are presented based on S 11 parameters, resonant frequency, gain, bandwidth, and eﬃciency.
Analysis of the Distribution of Some Potentially Harmful Elements (PHEs) in the Krugersdorp Game Reserve, Gauteng, South Africa

The Mintails Mogale Gold (MMG) and the Rand Uranium (RU) are two large-scale mining consortiums active in re-mining old tailings dams and dumps in Krugersdorp and are a source of mine discharge feed into the Krugersdorp Game Reserve (KGR). This has resulted in a noticeable accumulation of potentially harmful elements (PHEs) over a number of years. Efforts were implemented to interpret the concentration levels of PHEs in soils of the study areas of which a total of 36 georeferenced soil samples were collected (in triplicate) from the MMG, RU and KGR, including samples from farmlands and waterways adjacent to the mining sites. Samples were then analysed by both inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for 36 elements. From the 36 elements of this study, detailed evaluations of the occurrence of 12 selected elements were discussed. The geochemical landscape at the KGR is shown to be in flux. The major mediating influences on the behaviour of As, Co, Cu, Hg and Pb, as they enter the KGR largely in the form of acid mine drainage (AMD), are the geological substrate (mostly in carbonate form). Analysis of the soils showed high levels of contamination for As and Co in ppm. The mean maximum of As ranged from (5.00–170.30) with the highest level found in the Krugersdorp site. The mean maximum of Co ranged from (46.00–102.30) with the highest level found in MMG. All of these values were well above the recommended maximum acceptable concentration (MAC) values, i.e., As (15–20) and Co (20–50). The mean maximum values for Pb (12.40–92.30); Cu (18.50–115.30) and Hg (12.40–92.30) content in surface soils of all four segments studied falls well within the MAC range for agricultural soils i.e., Cu (60–150); Hg (0.5–5) and Pb (20–300).
Sobolev Space On Riemannian Manifolds

The main aim of this thesis is to study the theory of Sobolev spaces on Riemannian manifolds. This thesis is divided into three parts, 1st we will learn Riemannian Geometry then Sobolev space on R n at last we will define Sobolev space on Riemannian Manifolds and we will learn some properties and embeddings of Sobolev space on Riemannian Manifolds. The Sobolev space over R n is a vector space of functions that have weak derivatives. Motivation for studying these spaces is that solutions of partial differential equations, when they exist, belong naturally to Sobolev spaces. The functions of Sobolev space is not easy to handle, we shall approximate this functions by smooth functions. We have calculated some inequalities on Sobolev space. With the help of this inequalities we will embedded the Sobolev space in some L p space and H¨older continuous space. Similarly on the manifold using covarient derivative we define Sobolev Space Over Riemannian Manifold. Riemannian manifolds are natural extensions of Euclidean space, the naive idea that what is valid for Euclidean space must be valid for manifolds is false. But Sobolev embedding theorem for R n does hold for compact manifolds.
Pulverized quartz clasts in gouge of the Alhama de Murcia fault (Spain): Evidence for coseismic clast pulverization in a matrix deformed by frictional sliding

The fault gouge of the Alhama de Murcia fault (southeast Spain) shows a texture that resembles a mylonite, including a prominent foliation, S-C fabric, and isoclinal folds. It also embeds a large number of isolated pulverized quartz clasts (PQCs). Structural analysis indicates that the gouge fabric was mainly developed by slow frictional sliding along phyllosilicate-lined Riedel shear bands during continued shearing. In contrast, the PQCs show tensile fracture network features that are typically reported in seismically pulverized rocks found along seismogenic faults. This suggests that quartz-clast pulverization was due to a transient dilatational mechanism rather than shearing. We propose that the PQCs are the result of a rapid confined stress drop related to transient tensile stresses during coseismic ruptures that interrupt creep faulting along the gouge zone. The present study suggests that there is probably a large amount of evidence for paleoseismicity in fault rocks that is currently overlooked.
Cross-sectional observational study of the sleep disorders in subjects assisted in the Basic Health Units and Family Health Program in Divinopolis, Brazil – a protocol study

Introduction: Sleep disorders have a high prevalence in the general population being currently considered as a major public health problem. In the last four decades, scientific interest in sleep patterns has steadily grown. Such studies may contribute to a better understanding of the clinical course to explore potential therapeutic interventions. This study will aim to verify the prevalence of sleep disorders in subjects assisted at the Basic Health Units (UBS’s) and Family Health Program (PSF’s) in Divinópolis, MG, Brazil. Methods: This research will be an observational, cross-sectional study carried out by professors and students from the University of State of Minas Gerais UEMG, Divinópolis Unit, with subjects recruited from the UBS’s and PSF’s in Divinópolis-MG, between March 2016 and December 2017. These subjects will be assessed clinically and respond to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Berlin Questionnaire, SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire, evaluating the quality of sleep, presence of sleep disorders, excessive daytime sleepiness, risk for obstructive sleep apnea and quality of life. Discussion: Recently, sleep disorders were considered a global public health problem, affecting the quality of life of the population and influencing morbidity and mortality. The results of epidemiological studies are not only applicable in clinical practice but also in the planning and implementation of public policies and programs aimed at controlling sleep disorders and their impact on individuals and societies.
Klinische Erfahrungen mit adhäsivbefestigten, glasfaserverstärkten Inlaybrücken

Im Rahmen einer prospektiven klinischen Studie wurden 40 adhasive, glasfaserverstarkte Inlaybrucken untersucht. Die Brucken wurden mit dem Targis- und Vectris-Faserverbund-Kompositsystem angefertigt und mit einer ultraschallunterstutzten,hochviskosen Insertionstechnik mit Restaurationskomposit(Tetric Ceram/Tetric) eingesetzt.Vierzig Brucken wurden klinisch nach einem Jahr und 25 nach zwei Jahren anhand modifizierter USPHS-Kriterien nachuntersucht. Funfundzwanzig als Bruckenanker dienende Inlays und 12 Bruckenglieder wurden quantitativ im Rasterelektronenmikroskop untersucht und statistisch ausgewertet(ANOVA). Obwohl die meisten Brucken klinisch gut oder sehr gut bewertet wurden, mussten vier Brucken ersetzt werden: Bei zwei Brucken hatte sich ein Ankerinlay gelost und bei zwei Brucken war das Verblendmaterial komplett vom Glasfasergerust abgeschert.Zwei weitere Abscherungen von Verblendmaterial wurden intraoral repariert. Frakturen von Glasfasergerusten wurden nicht beobachtet.Die rasterelektronenmikroskopische Randanalyse an der Grenzflache Zahnhartsubstanz zu Befestigungskomposit zeigte 96,5 ± 3,0% kontinuierlichen Rand zum Zeitpunkt der «Baseline»- Untersuchung, 91,0 ± 5,7% nach einem Jahr und 89,6 ± 5,2% nach 2 Jahren. Der Ruckgang der Randqualitat war im ersten Jahr statistisch signifikant (p<.001) aber nicht mehr zwischen den Resultaten der 1- und 2-Jahres-Untersuchung. Bevor adhasive Komposit-Inlaybrucken als Standardversorgung empfohlen werden konnen, mussen die physikalischen Eigenschaften der Materialien verbessert werden.