Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Auswirkungen öffentlicher Forschungsförderung auf die private FuE-Tätigkeit: eine mikroökonometrische Evaluation

Die prasentierte Studie untersuchte Bestimmungsgrunde der F&E-Tatigkeit von deutschen Industrieunternehmen im Zeitraum von 1992 bis 2000. Die modelltheoretischen Analysen dienten dazu, testbare Hypothesen uber wesentliche Einflussfaktoren und deren Wirkungsrichtungen auf die F&E-Aktivitaten privater Unternehmen herzuleiten. Im Mittelpunkt des Interesses stand insbesondere die von der offentlichen F&E-Forderung ausgehende Anreizwirkung, es wurden aber auch Einflusse der Heterogenitat im Markt, der Marktstruktur, der F&E-Spillovers, der Marktgrose und der Effizienz der Innovationsproduktion auf die F&E-Tatigkeit herausgearbeitet.
Towards effective control of P2P traffic aggregates in network infrastructures

Nowadays, many P2P applications proliferate in the Internet. The attractiveness of many of these systems relies on the collaborative approach used to exchange large resources without the dependence and associated constraints of centralized approaches where a single server is responsible to handle all the requests from the clients. As consequence, some P2P systems are also interesting and cost-effective approaches to be adopted by content providers and other Internet players. However, there are several coexistence problems between P2P applications and Internet Service Providers (ISPs) due to the unforeseeable behavior of P2P traffic aggregates in ISP infrastructures. In this context, this work proposes a collaborative P2P/ISP system able to underpin the development of novel Traffic Engineering (TE) mechanisms contributing for a better coexistence between P2P applications and ISPs. Using the devised system, two TE methods are described being able to estimate and control the impact of P2P traffic aggregates on the ISP network links. One of the TE methods allows that ISP administrators are able to foresee the expected impact that a given P2P swarm will have in the underlying network infrastructure. The other TE method enables the definition of ISP friendly P2P topologies, where specific network links are protected from P2P traffic. As result, the proposed system and associated mechanisms will contribute for improved ISP resource management tasks and to foster the deployment of innovative ISP-friendly systems.
AinS and a new family of autoinducer synthesis proteins

In Vibrio fischeri, the autoinducer N-3-oxohexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (AI-1) governs the cell density-dependent induction of the luminescence operon via the LuxR transcriptional activator. The synthesis of AI-1 from bacterial metabolic intermediates is dependent on luxI. Recently, we found a second V. fischeri autoinducer molecule, N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (AI-2), that in E. coli also activates the luminescence operon via LuxR. A locus independent of luxI was identified as being required for AI-2 synthesis. This 2.7-kb ain (autoinducer) locus was characterized by transposon insertion mutagenesis, deletion and complementation analysis, and DNA sequencing. A single 1,185-bp gene, ainS, was found to be the sole exogenous gene necessary for the synthesis of AI-2 in Escherichia coli. In addition, a V. fischeri ainS mutant produced AI-1 but not AI-2, confirming that in its native species ainS is specific for the synthesis of AI-2. ainS is predicted to encode a 45,580-Da protein which exhibits no similarity to LuxI or to any of the LuxI homologs responsible for the synthesis of N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones in a variety of other bacteria. The existence of two different and unrelated autoinducer synthesis genes suggests the occurrence of convergent evolution in the synthesis of homoserine lactone signaling molecules. The C-terminal half of AinS shows homology to a putative protein in Vibrio harveyi, LuxM, which is required for the synthesis of a V. harveyi bioluminescence autoinducer. Together, AinS and LuxM define a new family of autoinducer synthesis proteins. Furthermore, the predicted product of another gene, ainR, encoded immediately downstream of ainS, shows homology to LuxN, which is similarly encoded downstream of luxM in V. harveyi and proposed to have sensor/regulator functions in the bioluminescence response to the V. harveyi auto inducer. This similarity presents the possibility that AI-2, besides interacting with LuxR, also interacts with AinR under presently unknown conditions.
Hazards of phenylephrine topical medication in persons taking propranolol.

The recent emergence of a number of antihypertensive agents that may interact with topically applied medication has prompted us to draw to the attention of the medical profession the serious consequences of systemic interaction of phenylephrine and 13-blocking agents used for the treatment of hypertension. Phenylephrine, which is generally considered innocuous, is a widely used topical vasoconstrictor available without prescription in nasal sprays and eye drops. It is also included in cold, cough and hay fever preparations for its decongestant effect. Episodes of hypertension have, however, been reported with the use of this agent.1. 7 The case described below seems to illustrate that the systemic absorption of phenylephrine in a person taking propranolol for hypertension resulted in a fatal interaction a severe hypertensive episode that caused the rupture of a congenital berry aneurysm.
A BIOINSPIRED 3D ARTIFICIAL COMPOUND EYE WITH FOCUS-TUNABLE SINGLE LENSES

This paper reports a biologically inspired artificial “compound eye” image acquisition system, which has a wide field-ofview (FOV) and a tunable focal length. The system consists of an array of liquid micro-lenses enclosed in compliant membranes, a flexible base diaphragm, and a smart microfluidic system. Similar to the compound eyes of some insects, the 3D structure allows the individual lenses to orient omni-directionally in the space and thus to obtain a wide FOV. Meanwhile, comparable to a human camera eye, each individual lens has an adaptive working distance, allowing autonomous focusing on objects at different distances. Because of these unique features, the system can be readily used for medical diagnostics such as endoscopy imaging, optical sensing and lab-on-a-chip technologies with improved optical capability.
[Development of speech].

The best ebooks about The Development Of Speech that you can get for free here by download this The Development Of Speech and save to your desktop. This ebooks is under topic such as teacher, state hospitals (speech development and correction) hearing and speech development children's minnesota speech and language developmental milestones speech/language development, delay and disorders speech and language developmental milestones delayed speech or language development nemours typical development of speech frequently asked questions (faqs) about speech and language development in children hmc computer science hearing and understanding talking pediatric dentistry the evolution of human speech brown university developmental stages of infants and children early language development: birth t0 12 months super duper speech and language delay in children early speech-language teachmetotalk early morphological development center for speech and speech development related to cleft palate hearing and speech developmental milestones maryland speech/language developmental history form development of the speech (sir) test for hearing speech & language development dsrf phonology development chart st rita school for the deaf speech and language developmental lynchburg college screening for speech and language delay in preschool the physiologic development of speech motor control: lip speech and language developmental milestones alexius speech sound development chart mommyspeechtherapy does motor development influence language development? child narrative development center for speech and age guide for feeding, speech, and mouth development speech development in monozygotic and dizygotic twins with speech contest judges training toastmasters international evaluation and management of the child with speech delay speech pathologist i departments mental health and tips for encouraging speech an introduction to and speech development in children with autism spectrum disorders pe2036 speech and language development in infants speech and language developmental milestones speech and language lexical and grammatical development the effects of premature birth on language development
Analysis and statistical characterization of interferometric SAR signals based on the power spectral density function

Interferometric signal analysis is applied in many fields including filtering, parameter estimation, and interferogram processing optimization. Sample applications include the determination of terrain and orbit parameters, interferogram phase estimation, and optimal processing of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferograms. In this communication, the relevance of the power spectral density to interferometric SAR mode exploration and interferogram multilooking or filtering is discussed. The interferometric SAR modes include strip-map, scansar, and spotlight. For the verification of the multilooking characteristics of SAR interferograms, two frequently used filters serve as empirical reference. Based on a simplified interferometric system model and Guassian distributed scatterers, the power spectral density description is developed.
Magnetic Resonance Enterography: State of the Art

Abstract:Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of the gastrointestinal tract manifested by frequent periods of relapses and remissions of symptoms. The small bowel is most frequently affected. Progression of transmural inflammation can lead to stricturing or penetrating complications. At the time of diagnosis, approximately 10% of patients have disease beyond the reach of the colonoscope. Imaging can aid in clinical evaluation by depicting small bowel involvement and extraenteric disease. Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) has emerged as a valuable tool and is being used with increasing frequency for the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease. This article will discuss the current state of the art in MRE. In addition to reviewing the literature reporting its utility, we will present case examples illustrating how MRE best depicts the various findings of Crohn's disease within 4 imaging categories of disease: active inflammatory, fibrostenotic, fistulizing/perforating, and reparative or regenerative. We will present additional important clinical considerations in routine use of MRE, including implications for monitoring disease activity and response to treatment, cost-effectiveness, and appropriate use in the context of the American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria.
Affluence, Obesity, and Breast Cancer

the general population, especially in the case of postmenopausal cancer. The change is usually attributed to altered childbearing patterns and increased consumption of animal fat, but more recently a role has been postulated for earlier menarche, earlier onset of obesity, and inadequate physical exercise at all ages (2). A high dietary fat content can act in conjunction with inadequate exercise to favor a higher body mass, and recent studies show that in the presence of genetic susceptibility to insulin resistance, excessive weight gain can trigger hyperinsulinemic insulin resistance (3). It has been shown that the incidence of breast cancer in the Western world runs parallel to that of the major components of the insulin resistance syndrome, specifically hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and atherosclerosis (4). Increasing evidence suggests that some metabolic factors promoting mammary carcinogenesis in Western women are similar to those promoting insulin resistance and its concomitants. The breast tissue-age model for human mammary carcinogenesis postulates that promotion by endocrine-metabolic factors predominates at times of major hormonal change (5). The critical windows for these high-risk factors are likely to be at menarche and at menopause, times when insulin resistance commonly manifests (6). Both breast cancer and the insulin resistance syndrome appear to be polygenic, and a genetic association has not been suggested. However, hyperinsulinemia is A ffluence increases the risk of breast cancer both in the individual and in nations. As an individual, the postmenopausal Caucasian American woman carries a higher breast cancer risk than her African American counterpart, but the difference disappears when socioeconomic factors are matched. In all countries studied, risk is increased by a factor of 1.5–2.0 by higher social status, whether measured by educational achievement, employment, income, or social class. The increased risk is assumed to reflect lifestyle factors, which can be modified, particularly richer nutrition, later first pregnancy, oligoparity, and greater use of hormone replacement therapy or alcohol (1). International comparisons also show a higher breast cancer risk to be associated with greater national affluence, and the breast cancer incidence is two to five times higher in North America and northern Europe than in most Asian and South American countries. Most of the difference is not genetically determined, as shown in studies on Japanese women taking up residence in the mainland United States and Hawaii. Within a few generations their breast cancer incidence approaches that of
Educación en administración y modas administrativas en Colombia

Apoyado en la articulacion de aportes de diferentes autores, hasta ahora dispersos, y siguiendo el desarrollo de la educacion en administracion en Colombia desde una perspectiva diacronoca, el presente articulo muestra, em primer termino que alas teorias administrativas de Estados Unidos han ejercido su influencia en el desarrollo de conocimiento administrativo y la praxis gerencial en Colombia, en periodos en que aun estan en plena vigencia en Norteamerica
Boosted Regression Trees with Errors in Variables

Summary In this article, we consider nonparametric regression when covariates are measured with error. Estimation is performed using boosted regression trees, with the sum of the trees forming the estimate of the conditional expectation of the response. Both binary and continuous response regression are investigated. An approach to fitting regression trees when covariates are measured with error is described, and the boosting algorithms consist of its repeated application. The main feature of the approach is that it handles situations where multiple covariates are measured with error. Some simulation results are given as well as its application to data from the Framingham Heart Study.
Applications of the epidemiological modelling outputs for targeted mental health planning in conflict-affected populations: the Syria case-study

Background Epidemiological models are frequently utilised to ascertain disease prevalence in a population; however, these estimates can have wider practical applications for informing targeted scale-up and optimisation of mental health services. We explore potential applications for a conflict-affected population, Syria. Methods We use prevalence estimates of major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in conflict-affected populations as inputs for subsequent estimations. We use Global Burden of Disease (GBD) methodology to estimate years lived with a disability (YLDs) for depression and PTSD in Syrian populations. Human resource (HR) requirements to scale-up recommended packages of care for PTSD and depression in Syria over a 15-year period were modelled using the World Health Organisation mhGAP costing tool. Associated avertable burden was estimated using health benefit analyses. Results The total number of cases of PTSD in Syria was estimated at approximately 2.2 million, and approximately 1.1 million for depression. An age-standardised major depression rate of 13.4 (95% UI 9.8–17.5) YLDs per 1000 Syrian population is estimated compared with the GBD 2010 global age-standardised YLD rate of 9.2 (95% UI 7.0–11.8). HR requirements to support a linear scale-up of services in Syria using the mhGAP costing tool demonstrates a steady increase from 0.3 FTE in at baseline to 7.6 FTE per 100 000 population after scale-up. Linear scale-up over 15 years could see 7–9% of disease burden being averted. Conclusion Epidemiological estimates of mental disorders are key inputs into determining disease burden and guiding optimal mental health service delivery and can be used in target populations such as conflict-affected populations.
' s personal copy Asset prices , traders ’ behavior and market design

The dynamics of a financial market with heterogeneous agents are analyzed under different market architectures. We start with a tractable behavioral model under Walrasian market clearing and simulate it under different trading protocols. The key behavioral feature of the model is the switching by agents between simple forecasting rules on the basis of a fitness measure. By analyzing the dynamics under order-driven protocols we show that the behavioral and structural assumptions of the model are closely intertwined. The high responsiveness of agents to a fitness measure causes excess volatility, but the frictions of the order-driven markets may stabilize the dynamics. We also analyze and compare allocative efficiency and time series properties under different protocols. & 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A 17-year review of foodborne outbreaks: describing the continuing decline in England and Wales (1992–2008)

SUMMARY Systematic national surveillance of foodborne disease outbreaks effectively serves the development of public health policy on food safety. The Health Protection Agency has maintained a collaborative surveillance system for foodborne outbreaks in England and Wales since 1992. Up to 2008, 2429 foodborne outbreaks were identified, described and analysed for changes over time. Salmonella spp. accounted for half of the outbreaks, although the proportion of these decreased over the surveillance period. Similarly, the proportion of outbreaks caused by Clostridium perfringens decreased, while those attributed to Campylobacter spp. and Vero cytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 increased. Although poultry meat was the most frequently implicated food vehicle in outbreaks followed by miscellaneous foods and red meats, the proportion of outbreaks attributed to meats in fact decreased over time but those linked to miscellaneous foods did not. Over the surveillance period, the proportion of outbreaks linked to eggs and S. Enteritidis non-phage-type 4, particularly in food service establishments, increased, highlighting the importance of this organism/setting/vehicle association. Contributory factors in most outbreaks were cross-contamination, inadequate heat treatment, and inappropriate food storage. This study describes the overall decline in foodborne outbreaks, providing evidence that the introduction and adherence to effective control measures provide the best means of minimizing the risk of foodborne infection.
Performance of adaptive equalizers for systems with code-multiplexed pilot

We derive analytical expressions for the output SINR of equalizers trained on code-multiplexed pilot using the least squares and least mean square (LMS) adaptive algorithms. The results show the exact dependence of the convergence behavior on the number of training samples, the equalizer's tap complexity, the fraction of power devoted to the forward link pilot, and the statistics of the channel and interference. Remarkably, the latter dependence is captured entirely by the Wiener STNR achievable with the specified tap complexity.
CRYPT4YOU y la utilidad de los MOOCs en la formación online en lengua española.

En los ultimos 2 anos la formacion online ha experimentado un auge significativo gracias al paradigma de formacion denominado MOOC (Massive Open Online Course). Un MOOC simplifica la formacion a distancia gracias a sus caracteristicas de abierto, colaborativo, masivo y gratuito. Por desgracia en lengua espanola la utilizacion de este tipo de recurso formativo todavia es minoritaria. La presente investigacion recoge una experiencia de innovacion educativa en la que se destaca el diseno, implementacion y difusion del primer MOOC en lengua espanola dedicado a la seguridad de la informacion por parte de la Universidad Politecnica de Madrid. Esta experiencia aborda las ventajas e inconvenientes de este tipo de recurso formativo, debatiendo aspectos vitales para la elaboracion prolongada de cursos tipo MOOC, como son la interactividad y retroalimentacion con los usuarios del curso o la forma mas adecuada de representar el contenido docente. Todas estas cuestiones reciben respuesta en el MOOC Crypt4you, que con mas de 10 meses de vida permite vislumbrar un gran exito de este tipo de cursos en la formacion, al menos en lengua espanola, de hispanohablantes.
Diagnostic value of bone and tumour markers in patients with malignant diseases.

INTRODUCTION Biochemical bone markers, such as the bone isoenzyme form of alkaline phosphatase, have been used to assess the bone formation phase of bone turnover in health and disease. Skeletal metastases often occur in patients with malignancies. Recent developments suggest that bone markers could be valuable clinical tools for the management of patients with metastatic bone disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS Serum levels of BAP, along with serum levels of beta-CrossLap, were measured in a large group (n = 200) of patients with newly-diagnosed or progressive cancer of the prostate, breast, colon, liver and pancreas. Tumour markers such as PSA, CEA, CA 19-9, AFP, CA 15-3 and bone marker levels were correlated with the presence or absence of bone scan-documented metastases. RESULTS Both of the bone markers examined were elevated in a high proportion of patients with confirmed metastases to bone. All patients with prostate, breast and colon carcinoma showed elevated beta-CrossLap values. The determined values of beta-CrossLap and BAP were significantly correlated with the number of skeletal metastases. CONCLUSION Markers of biochemical bone remodeling can be used in assessing and managing patients with malignancies that metastasize to bone. These markers are abnormally raised in the blood of patients with metastatic bone disease.
Science against microbial pathogens: communicating current research and technological advances: Gram-positive antibiotic biosynthesis cluster: a review

The worldwide emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens is a serious medical concern nowadays. The need to discover new bioactive molecules active against these bacteria is crucial and is one of the main fields of research for modern microbiologists. Most natural antibiotics used in medicine are biosynthesised by Gram-positive bacteria. Recent advances in genomics and genome sequencing have shown that the potential of these organisms to produce molecules of pharmacological interest has been greatly underestimated. Full genome sequencing has revealed the three main groups according to their biosynthesis pathways: peptides manufactured by the conventional ribosomal assembly, NRPS metabolites (nonribosomal peptide synthetase) and polyketides (PKS – polyketide synthase). The genera Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus and Lactococcus are responsible for the production of the majority of ribosomal peptides (lantibiotics and bacteriocins) whereas NRPS and PKS metabolites – molecules synthesised by large enzymatic complexes – are mostly produced by bacteria of the Actinomycetales order (the Streptomyces genus produces two-thirds of natural antibiotics, antitumour agents and immunosuppressors used in medicine) and by Bacillus species.