Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The R-Process Alliance: First Release from the Northern Search for r-process-enhanced Metal-poor Stars in the Galactic Halo

This paper presents the detailed abundances and r-process classifications of 126 newly identified metal-poor stars as part of an ongoing collaboration, the R-Process Alliance. The stars were identified as metal-poor candidates from the RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) and were followed up at high spectral resolution (R ∼ 31,500) with the 3.5 m telescope at Apache Point Observatory. The atmospheric parameters were determined spectroscopically from Fe i lines, taking into account non-LTE corrections and using differential abundances with respect to a set of standards. Of the 126 new stars, 124 have [Fe/H] < −1.5, 105 have [Fe/H] < −2.0, and 4 have [Fe/H] < −3.0. Nine new carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars have been discovered, three of which are enhanced in r-process elements. Abundances of neutron-capture elements reveal 60 new r-I stars (with +0.3 ≤ [Eu/Fe] ≤ +1.0 and [Ba/Eu] < 0) and 4 new r-II stars (with [Eu/Fe] > +1.0). Nineteen stars are found to exhibit a “limited-r” signature ([Sr/Ba] > +0.5, [Ba/Eu] < 0). For the r-II stars, the second- and third-peak main r-process patterns are consistent with the r-process signature in other metal-poor stars and the Sun. The abundances of the light, α, and Fe-peak elements match those of typical Milky Way (MW) halo stars, except for one r-I star that has high Na and low Mg, characteristic of globular cluster stars. Parallaxes and proper motions from the second Gaia data release yield UVW space velocities for these stars that are consistent with membership in the MW halo. Intriguingly, all r-II and the majority of r-I stars have retrograde orbits, which may indicate an accretion origin.
Choices of Principles of Distributive Justice in Experimental Groups

Experimental methods involving imperfect information are used to generate group choices of principles of distributive justice. Conditions approximating John Rawls's "original position" in A Theory of Justice serve as the starting point, and his conjectures are contrasted with those of John Harsanyi. Three "predictions" implicit in the Rawlsian argument are tested: (1) individuals choosing a principle of economic distribution would be able to reach unanimous agreement; (2) they would always choose the same principle; and (3) they would always choose to maximize the welfare of the worst-off individual. Our results indicate that individuals reach consensus, strongly reject the minimax principle, and largely choose what Rawls has called an "intuitionistic" principle. Overwhelmingly, the chosen principle is maximizing the average income with a floor constraint: a principle which is a compromise between those proposed by Rawls and Harsanyi. It takes into account not only the position of the worst-off individual but also the potential expected gain for the rest of society.
The global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : a systematic review and meta-analysis PDF version

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aims: The aim of this study is to synthesize data on the worldwide prevalence and severity of COPD by geographical region, age-groups, and smoking status on a systematic review of the published medical literature. Methods: A systematic search was performed following Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. International databases including PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for population–based studies that had reported the prevalence of COPD anywhere in the world and were published between January 2004 and May 2015. The prevalence of COPD was calculated based on World Health Organization (WHO) regions and sex and severity stages using metaprop. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis methods were applied to determine the sources of heterogeneity.
Genotoxic effect of flonicamid and etofenprox on mice

Flonicamid and etofenprox are two novel insecticides used in agriculture to protect the food and commercial products against the insect’s pests. The study aimed to evaluate the genetic risk of the flonicamid and etofenprox on mice’s genome as a monitor for detection the toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenic influence that human and livestock exposed. RAPD markers, DNA fragmentation and comet assay were used as molecular genetic tools for genotoxic evaluation of the two insecticides. The experimental animals divided into three groups. The first and second groups divided into three subgroups of animals which were treated with different doses of each insecticide. The third group was the control groups. The results of the RAPD markers revealed that the high dose of flonicamid caused degraded in the DNA and severe genome damaged while etofenprox low dose was the most genetically safe on the genomes of the treated mice groups. The quantitation of DNA fragmentation and comet assay results showed that the two insecticides caused DNA damage in all treated groups compared to the control groups. Etofenprox low dose recorded the less percentage of DNA fragmentation compared to the other doses of flonicamid and etofenprox. The obtained results of the different molecular tools used to evaluate the genotoxic effect of flonicamid and etofenprox insecticides revealed that the two insecticides caused DNA damage and apoptosis which could be reflected as disorders in the biological functions of the body and/or serious diseases disorders according to the damaged level.
Bypassing Phishing Protections

Over the past years, phishing has been an increasing threat to end users and organizations. Spam filters form the first line of defense against phishers, aiming at preventing spoofed emails from reaching the end user’s inbox. The present study is designed to assess the effectiveness of these filters against phishing emails and determine whether techniques exist that may be used to avoid detection. In order to determine what network and authentication aspects of phishing emails allow for detection, a subset of phishing emails has been analysed using two popular open source spam filters. After experimenting with the spam filters, being compliant has proven to be an effective method to bypass detection. In most cases, sending authenticated phishing emails using a newly registered domain appears to be sufficient in order to avoid detection and allow phishing emails to reach the end user’s inbox. The analysis of this method on some popular email service providers reveals that no effective protections against this method appear to be in place. Finally, some mitigation measures that may be used to protect the end user against such attacks are discussed and recommendations for future work are given.
Organic Fodder Production in Intensive Organic Livestock Production in Europe: RecentScientific Findings and the Impact on the Development of Organic Farming

Organic farming is practiced in over 100 countries on more than 26 million hectares. In the European Union (EU 25), about 5.6 million hectares of farm land are certified under the EU organic farming regulation 2092/91/EEC. Since 1992, these figures have been increased six times. The 160,000 organic farms in the EU 25 keep about 1.5 million cattle, 1.6 million sheep, 0.55 million pigs and 17.3 million chickens. Two different intensities can be identified: extensive and intensive organic animal husbandry. Extensive animal husbandry is mostly found on low productive and remote areas and carried out with beef cattle, sheep and goats. These systems cope easily with the organic farming standards. Intensive organic animal husbandry is found in more productive areas and done with dairy animals, pigs and chickens. High performance of production demands high quality feedstuff. For these farms, balanced diets are the major difficulty under the organic farming standards. The EU Commission decided that organic husbandry systems must have 100% organic diets by 2011, at that time conventional feedstuffs will be abandoned. This is a challenge for the development of intensive organic animal husbandry systems. In the last years, a lot of research has been carried out to solve the problems of optimised feeding rations for intensive organic animal husbandry. Nevertheless, most of them are preliminary and not all problems have been solved. This paper will present some recent scientific findings in fodder production for intensive organic animal husbandry in Europe: high protein quality, roughage quality, feedstuff processing and “healthy feed. ” The future demands for research and extension (R&D, M&E) will be derived in the conclusions.
A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows

A brief introduction of the temporal filter based partially resolved numerical simulation/very large eddy simulation approach (PRNS/VLES) and its distinct features are presented. A nonlinear dynamic subscale model and its advantages over the linear subscale eddy viscosity model are described. In addition, a guideline for conducting a PRNS/VLES simulation is provided. Results are presented for three turbulent internal flows. The first one is the turbulent pipe flow at low and high Reynolds numbers to illustrate the basic features of PRNS/VLES; the second one is the swirling turbulent flow in a LM6000 single injector to further demonstrate the differences in the calculated flow fields resulting from the nonlinear model versus the pure eddy viscosity model; the third one is a more complex turbulent flow generated in a single-element lean direct injection (LDI) combustor, the calculated result has demonstrated that the current PRNS/VLES approach is capable of capturing the dynamically important, unsteady turbulent structures while using a relatively coarse grid.
Assessment of level of toxic heavy metal (PB) in local and foreign brands of lipsticks in FCT, Abuja, Nigeria

This study determined toxic heavy metal concentration in Local and Foreign brands of lipsticks sold in FCT, Abuja Nigeria. The study analyzed twenty (20) samples of lipsticks comprising of ten (10) Local and ten (10) Foreign brands for Lead using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric (FAAS) method. The mean concentration range of Lead in both the Local and the Foreign lipstick samples and their estimated daily intake by average users are 22-714.70 μg/g and 74.9-47927μg/g with the estimated daily intake by the average users as 1.056- 34.305 μg/g (Local samples) and 3.595 – 2300.496 μg/g. (Foreign), while the estimated daily intake by high users are 3.828 – 124.358 μg/g (Local) and 13.023 – 8339.298 μg/g (Foreign). The estimated concentration of Lead ingested daily intake in the Local and the Foreign samples indicated 20% and 70% of the samples were not safe for the average users. While the ingested daily intake in the Local and the Foreign samples indicated 50% and 90% of the samples were also not safe for high users as compared to WHO limit (20 μg/g) for Lead specified in cosmetic. Thus, continuous usage of these lipsticks can increase rate of exposure of the body system to Lead related disease conditions such as cancer which is known to be detrimental. Keywords: Lipstick, Lead, AAS, Health hazard
Control of molecular dynamics with zero-area fields: Application to molecular orientation and photofragmentation

The constraint of time-integrated zero area on the laser field is a fundamental requirement, both theoretically and experimentally, in the control of molecular dynamics. By using techniques of local and optimal control theory, we show how to enforce this constraint in two benchmark control problems, namely, molecular orientation and photofragmentation. The origin and the physical implications for the dynamics of this zero-area control field are discussed.
Language and the Circuits of Power in a Merging Multinational Corporation

We argue in this paper that corporate language policies have significant power implications that are easily overlooked. By drawing on previous work on power in organizations (Clegg, 1989), we examine the complex power implications of language policy decisions by looking at three levels of analysis: episodic social interaction, identity/subjectivity construction, and reconstruction of structures of domination. In our empirical analysis, we focus on the power implications of the choice of Swedish as the corporate language in the case of the recent banking sector merger between the Finnish Merita and the Swedish Nordbanken. Our findings show how language skills become empowering or disempowering resources in organizational communication, how these skills are associated with professional competence, and how this leads to the creation of new social networks. The case also illustrates how language skills are an essential element in the construction of international confrontation, lead to a construction of superiority and inferiority, and also reproduce post-colonial identities in the merging bank. Finally, we also point out how such policies ultimately lead to the reification of post-colonial and neo-colonial structures of domination in multinational corporations.
AFRICAN JOURNAL FOR THE PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY OF SOCIAL ISSUES pg. 12 OLD PEOPLES’ WELL BEING IN A TOTAL INSTITUTION AND THE IMPERATIVE OF NEW POLICY DIRECTIVE

In contemporary times, African as well as Nigerian societies have experienced changes due to urbanization, globalization, and industrialization. This has resulted in a weakening of the hitherto existing bonds, norms, values and culture in the family structure with the attendant consequences of neglecting the elderly. While studies have focused on the factors militating against adequate care for the elderly, psychological well being of the elderly as well as their unmet needs, dearth of information exist on the social well-being of the elderly who are under care and support in the institution such as the Yaba old people’s home. This study was conducted against this background with the social exchange theory and Health Belief Model as its theoretical frameworks. The study was purely qualitative using indepth interview with 44 resident aged people, 3 key informant interviews with staff of the institution and nonparticipant observation as the methods of data collection. Over half (59.0%) of the respondents are female while about a quarter of the respondents (23.0%) most of whom were females, had no education. Furthermore, while 91.0% were between the ages of 71-90years, 98.0% of the respondents were widowed prior to their admission into the homes. Findings revealed that the elderly experienced dissatisfaction with the food, access to medical attention and condition of living in the institution. This was revealed to be because they lacked choice as to what to eat, where to stay, who to stay with and when to receive medical attention. Lack of adequate funding from government, inconsistent payment from relations of the elderly, and limited supplies of resources were reported as the challenges faced by the institutions which affected the care of the elderly in the home. Adequate funding, consistent payment and increased support from government, clients relations and other necessary stakeholders respectively are recommended in order to ameliorate the conditions of the aged in Nigeria in particular and African in general.
A New Data Buffering Moment for Seamless Hand-off in Wireless Mesh Networks

Layer-3 mobility is a superset of Layer-2 mobility. An 802.11-enable client must perform Layer-2 handoff before it can begin that of Layer 3. Most of existing works use Re-association event in discovery phase of Layer-2 hand-off to not only trigger Layer-3 hand-off but also buffer the data to reduce the packet loss during the roam. However, the problem is that mobile users can not receive from its current master while it is on scanning status for both active and passive mode. If the scanning time is long, the on-going applications will experience the throughput degradation. In the worst case, they will be dropped. We propose that data should be buffered when the MC sends De-association event to break the Layer-2 association to its current master and start for looking for a new one. This can make sure to cut the packet loss to zero at the cost of higher memory usage. With the support of fast Layer-2 hand-off using selective scanning algorithms, the memory usage can be improved significantly to an acceptable value. The performance analysis shows that our proposal has a very smooth throughput in hand-off time compared to existing works with different data buffer moments.
Mercury in the Aquatic Environment: A Review of Factors Affecting Methylation

Mercury is one of the most hazardous contaminants that may be present in the aquatic environment, but its ecological and toxicological effects are strongly dependent on the chemical species present. Species distribution and transformation processes in natural aquatic systems are controlled by various physical, chemical, and biological factors. Depending on the prevailing environmental conditions, inorganic mercury species may be converted to many times more toxic methylated forms such as methylmercury, a potent neurotoxin that is readily accumulated by aquatic biota. Despite a considerable amount of literature on the subject, the behavior of mercury and many of the transformation and distribution mechanisms operating in the natural aquatic environment are still poorly understood. This review examines the current state of knowledge on the physicochemical behavior of mercury in the aquatic environment, and in particular the environmental factors influencing its transformation into highly toxic methylated forms.
Sharing of Personal Information Using Online Social Network Securely with Stranger Detection Algorithm

DOI: 10.21276/sjet.2017. 5.12. 2 Abstract: Photo sharing is an alluring component which advances Online Social Networks (OSNs). Sadly, it might release clients' protection in the event that they are permitted to post, remark, and label a photo freely . we endeavor to address this issue and concentrate the situation when a client shares a photo containing people other than himself/herself (named co-photo for short). To avoid conceivable security spillage of a photo, we plan a system to empower every person in a photo know about the posting action and take an interest in the basic leadership on the photo posting. In this paper we address various issues of posting comments and posting using stranger detection algorithm. The algorithm smartly selects the nearby friends in the tree which are supposed to view all your posts and comments hence by restricting remaining friends in personal circle we can gain the privacy.
Exploring Blockchain Value Creation: The Case of the Car Ecosystem

Blockchain is expected to create a variety of new opportunities for businesses. Yet, little is known about how companies can exploit business value from the technology. However, without a clear understanding of how, and corresponding adaption of business practices, the realization of value is doomed to failure. Hence, we contribute to this gap by analyzing and explicating the specificities of value creation from blockchain in the ecosystem of a car. In the course of an exploratory case analysis we conducted interviews and workshops with industry and blockchain experts from five diverse stakeholder groups. In brief, we provide early evidence that (1) blockchain enables value creation through: Distributed Product Innovation, Controlled Customer Intimacy and Shared Operational Efficiency. Further, (2) we derive guidelines and discuss learnings for other businesses aiming to leverage value from blockchain technology.
PhysX-based Framework for Developing Games with Haptic Feedback

The main goal of computer game is to immerse a user in a virtual environment. In traditional games, the user immersion is performed through the sense of visuals and sounds with interactions through 2D input devices like mouse and keyboards. Haptic technology can simulate tactile and kinesthetic sensations in virtual environments. Recently, there are a variety of games which take advantage of the haptic effects offered by some devices such as joysticks, gamepads and haptic devices. The main criticism of haptic-driven game development is that the real-time interactions must allow graphical updates of 30 Hz and a much higher rate of 1 kHz for force feedback. The rapid development of the physics engines in recent years has enabled real time simulation of multi-physics effects for 3D games. The major challenge of using such physics engines for realistic haptic rendering is the computation of physically simulated force at interactive haptic rates. This paper presents a framework for developing haptic-enabled 3D blocks arranging games like virtual “Jenga” and “Tsumiki” based on NVIDIA’s PhysX application programming interface (API). The proposed framework introduces a collision handling method to calculate feedback forces by using the collision geometry data obtained from PhysX and the haptic rendering device to provide force feedback.
Characterization of Corn Root Factors to Improve Artificial Diet for Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larvae

Abstract The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is an important economic pest of maize (Zea mays L.) in North America and Europe. Previous efforts to formulate an artificial diet for western corn rootworm larvae highlighted an important role of corn root powder, which had a significant positive impact on several larval developmental traits. Unfortunately, this ingredient is not available for purchase. Toward the goal of developing an artificial diet for western corn rootworm larvae with all ingredients readily accessible, we conducted research to isolate essential growth factors for larval development from corn root powder to improve the performance of diet without corn root powder. For all experiments, multiple life history parameters (survival, weight, and molting) were recorded from 15-d diet bioassays. Corn roots may contain factors that assist in larval growth, but some of these factors were not fully extracted by methanol and remained in the extracted root. Methanolic extracts significantly increased molting to second instar, but did not significantly increase survival, dry weight, or molting to third instar, suggesting the primary corn root substituents affecting these factors cannot be extracted or other extraction methods may be required to extract the essential factors from corn roots. We showed that whole corn root powder was best when used in combination with all the other nutrient sources in the published western corn rootworm formulation. Corn root powder made from proprietary seed and Viking seed has similar value.
Defining conflict and making choices about its management: Lighting the dark side of organizational life

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the definition of conflict, and argue that conflict is not always destructive.Design/methodology/approach – This commentary centers on re‐evaluating past research into the definition and nature of conflict. It proposes that more thought is required when using the term as it is too broad in its definition. The term has become synonymous with negativity, and this commentary aims to show that the term may also be used in certain situations when conflict can have a positive effect.Findings – Although the research has shown that some people have a broader idea of what the term “conflict” comprises, the majority of people use the common definition related to destruction and negativity.Practical implications – Opens up a discussion revolving around the concept of conflict and dispels the commonly held definition that conflict is always detrimental.Originality/value – The paper takes an alternative view of conflict and opens up the little‐held discussion around the term it.