Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Future directions in agent programming

Agent programming is a subfield of Artificial Intelligence concerned with the development of intelligent autonomous systems that combine multiple capabilities, e.g., sensing, deliberation, problem-solving and action, in a single system. There has been considerable progress in both the theory and practice of agent programming since Georgeff & Rao’s seminal work on the Belief-Desire-Intention paradigm. However, despite increasing interest in the development of autonomous systems, applications of agent programming are currently confined to a small number of niche areas, and adoption of agent programming languages (APLs) in mainstream software development remains limited. In this paper, I argue that increased adoption of agent programming is contingent on being able to solve a larger class of AI problems with significantly less developer effort than is currently the case, and briefly sketch one possible approach to expanding the set of AI problems that can be addressed by APLs. Critically, the approach I propose requires minimal developer effort and expertise, and relies instead on expanding the basic capabilities of the language.
the effect of exercise on bone growth in girls and its relation in the prevention of bone disease in adulthood , focusing most research only on children (

The aim of this study was to analyse whether there are differences in bone mass in girls playing different sports. Two hundred girls (10.6 ± 1.5 years old, Tanner stages I–III) participated in the study and were divided into groups of 40 (swimmers, soccer players, basketball players, handball players and controls). Bone mineral content and bone mineral density (BMD) (whole body and hip) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The degree of sexual development was determined using Tanner test, and physical activity habits were recorded through a questionnaire designed ad hoc for this research. Girls were divided by pubertal stage and the type of sport. In the prepubertal group, intertrochanteric BMD was significantly higher in both handball and soccer players compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in the pubertal group, total BMD, mean arms BMD, pelvis BMD, femoral neck BMD, intertrochanteric BMD and Ward’s triangle BMD were significantly higher in soccer and handball players compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and the swimmers showed significantly higher values in the mean arms BMD compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Our data suggest that sport practice during puberty, especially in activities that support the body weight, may be an important factor in achieving a high peak bone mass and improving bone health in girls.
Knowledge-based support for surgical workflow analysis and recognition

L'assistance informatique est devenue une partie indispensable pour la realisation de procedures chirurgicales modernes. Le desir de creer une nouvelle generation de blocs operatoires intelligents a incite les chercheurs a explorer les problemes de perception et de comprehension automatique de la situation chirurgicale. Dans ce contexte de prise de conscience de la situation, un domaine de recherche en plein essor adresse la reconnaissance automatique du flux chirurgical. De grands progres ont ete realises pour la reconnaissance des phases et des gestes chirurgicaux. Pourtant, il existe encore un vide entre ces deux niveaux de granularite dans la hierarchie du processus chirurgical. Tres peu de recherche se concentre sur les activites chirurgicales portant des informations semantiques vitales pour la comprehension de la situation. Deux facteurs importants entravent la progression. Tout d'abord, la reconnaissance et la prediction automatique des activites chirurgicales sont des tâches tres difficiles en raison de la courte duree d'une activite, de leur grand nombre et d'un flux de travail tres complexe et une large variabilite. Deuxiemement, une quantite tres limitee de donnees cliniques ne fournit pas suffisamment d'informations pour un apprentissage reussi et une reconnaissance precise. A notre avis, avant de reconnaitre les activites chirurgicales, une analyse soigneuse des elements qui composent l'activite est necessaire pour choisir les bons signaux et les capteurs qui faciliteront la reconnaissance. Nous avons utilise une approche d'apprentissage profond pour evaluer l'impact de differents elements semantiques de l'activite sur sa reconnaissance. Grâce a une etude approfondie, nous avons determine un ensemble minimum d'elements suffisants pour une reconnaissance precise. Les informations sur la structure anatomique et l'instrument chirurgical sont de premiere importance. Nous avons egalement aborde le probleme de la carence en matiere de donnees en proposant des methodes de transfert de connaissances a partir d'autres domaines ou chirurgies. Les methodes de ''word embedding'' et d'apprentissage par transfert ont ete proposees. Ils ont demontre leur efficacite sur la tâche de prediction d'activite suivante offrant une augmentation de precision de 22%. De plus, des observations pertinentes
Towards Increased Construct Clarity in IS Project Management Research

Construct clarity is crucial for the proper development, accumulation, and dissemination of scientific knowledge in IS. By reviewing the past four decades of project management literature against six aspects of construct clarity for a specific construct (i.e., risk response), this study aims to evidence that construct unclarity is a legitimate concern in this area and subsequently to propose several avenues for increasing the clarity of project management constructs in general and the risk response construct in particular.
Preterm lambs tracheal duct collapsibility: a finite element study

INTRODUCTION Knowledge of the mechanical behavior of immature tracheae is crucial in order to understand the effects exerted on central airways by ventilatory treatments, particularly of tidal liquid ventilation (TLV) [1]. Although the adult respiratory system has been deeply studied with both experimental and computational approaches, the infant and fetal lungs have never been examined so accurately, in spite of their peculiar characteristics and pathologies. The aim of this study is the investigation of the mechanical behavior of preterm lamb tracheae, in terms of compliance, and particularly collapsibility, at pressure conditions which may occur during TLV. Both computational methods and experimental tests were used to this purpose.
Application of wide-band material parameter extraction techniques to printable electronics characterization

Material characterization is an important part of printable electronics design, since material properties depend strongly on the manufacturing process. This paper reviews application of wide-band extraction techniques to printable electronics characterization. The extraction methods are validated using full-wave simulation data with exactly known reference for material parameters. Suitable test structures are evaluated and applied to printable electronics characterization.
Browsing Linked Data with Fenfire

A wealth of information has recently become available as browsable RDF data on the Web, but the selection of client applications to interact with this Linked Data remains limited. We show how to browse Linked Data with Fenfire, a Free and Open Source Software RDF browser and editor that employs a graph view and focuses on an engaging and interactive browsing experience. This sets Fenfire apart from previous table- and outline-based Linked Data browsers.
Estimation of street crossing intention from a pedestrian's posture on a sidewalk using multiple image frames

Pedestrian protection is an active area in the research field of advanced driver assistance systems. A pedestrian who intends to cross the road is more critical to the driver than one who has no intention. This paper proposes a method for estimating the crossing intention of a pedestrian on a sidewalk from the pedestrian's posture and change in posture in multiple frames during a short period of video images. We evaluate the method in an indoor simulated environment and a real, outdoor environment and demonstrate the results and performance.
Calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate crystal deposition in the ligamentum flavum of the cervical spine: histopathological and immunohistochemical findings.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the histopathological and immunohistochemical properties of degenerative changes in the ligamentum flavum of the cervical spine with calcium crystal deposition. METHODS Sections of the calcified ligamentum flavum harvested from 26 patients who required cervical decompression were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis, immunohistochemical staining [for transforming growth factor (TGF)-Beta, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Sox9, and Msx2] and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL) method (for cell apoptosis). RESULTS Energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis and SEM confirmed the deposited calcium to be calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals. The calcified ligamentum flavum showed disorganisation of the elastic fibre bundles together with increased collagen fibrils in the matrix. Abundant hypertrophic chondrocytes were noted around the calcified lesions, which were strongly immunoreactive to TGF-Beta and VEGF. Staining for Sox9 was positive in metaplastic chondrocytes but negative in hypertrophic chondrocytes. Both chondrocytes and mesenchymal cells were positive for Msx2. TUNEL-positive hypertrophic chondrocytes were significantly more noticeable in nodular than diffusely scattered type of CPPD deposition. CONCLUSIONS Calcium crystal deposition in the cervical ligamentum flavum seems to progress with reduction in elastic fibres, increase in collagen fibrils in the matrix, and migration of metaplastic hypertrophic chondrocytes, whose differentiation is controlled by cytokines and transcriptional factors, and potentially regulate crystal formation. The presence of abundant TUNEL-positive hypertrophic chondrocytes around CPPD deposition suggests that materials from apoptotic cells play some role in crystal deposition.
Ré-identification de Personnes par Modèle de Noyaux de Graphe

Nous proposons dans cet article, des noyaux sur graphe definis entre le voisinage oriente de chaque noeud a base de noyau Gaussien permettant la modelisation des individus et leur re-identification. Plusieurs experimentation sont presentees pour illustrer l'efficacite de l'approche pour la re-identification.
(A) Case for labeling: labeling in languages without ɸ-feature agreement

Abstract This paper explores the labeling mechanism in Japanese and other languages that lack φ-feature agreement. It is proposed in Chomsky (2013) that φ-feature sharing between the subject and T makes the labeling of finite clauses possible. It has also been assumed that Case is required for and valued through φ-feature agreement. (See, for example, Chomsky 2008.) These raise fundamental questions about the syntax of languages without φ-feature agreement.Adopting Bošković’s (2007) proposal to divorce Case valuation from φ-feature agreement, I argue that suffixal Case and predicate inflection make phrases opaque for search, and serve to aid labeling in Japanese. The hypothesis provides explanations for the outstanding syntactic properties of the language, such as multiple subject sentences, semantically vacuous scrambling, compound verbs with specific constraints, and argument ellipsis. The analysis of argument ellipsis is based on Richards’ (2003) hypothesis that elided constituents count as heads in computation. In Section 5, I extend the analysis to other phenomena, including N’-ellipsis in Japanese and object ellipsis in Chinese. I also consider the labeling of finite clauses in Malayalam, which has neither subject agreement nor suffixal nominative Case. I suggest that Case valuation, instead of φ-feature agreement, creates the configuration of feature sharing for labeling.
Environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer risk in nonsmoking women.

BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (passive smoking) has been suggested to be a cause of lung cancer, although early epidemiologic studies have produced inconsistent results. PURPOSE We conducted an epidemiologic case-control study to assess the relationship between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer risk among women who have never smoked (i.e., having smoked for a total of less than 6 months or having smoked less than 100 cigarettes in their lifetimes). METHODS Case patients (n = 210) were women with histologically confirmed primary carcinomas of the lung who were lifetime nonsmokers. They were identified through hospital tumor registries and the Florida Cancer Data System of the Statewide Cancer Registry. Community-based control women (n = 301) were also lifetime nonsmokers and were identified through random-digit dialing. Details on childhood and adulthood exposures to environmental tobacco smoke were ascertained through interviews with the study participants themselves or with surrogate respondents. Risks were calculated in terms of smoke-years, defined as the sum of the reported years of exposure to cigarette smoke from each smoker in the household. RESULTS The risk of lung cancer more than doubled for women who reported 40 or more smoke-years of household exposure during adulthood (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-5.3) or 22 or more smoke-years of exposure during childhood and adolescence (OR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.1-5.4). Risks were highest for non-adenocarcinoma lung cancers, although modest elevations in risk were also observed for adenocarcinomas. When a surrogate respondent other than the patient's husband provided information on exposure, the risk estimates were considerably lower. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that long-term exposure to environmental tobacco smoke increases the risk of lung cancer in women who have never smoked.
Physicochemical and Accelerated Aging Tests of Metglas 2605SA1 and Metglas 2605HB1 Amorphous Ribbons for Power Applications

To evaluate the physicochemical compatibility of rapidly solidified ribbons with transformer insulating fluids, isothermal heating process was carried out in order to prove the sustainability of these materials. Fe-based amorphous ribbons were immersed in mineral and vegetable transformer oils for a period of 580 h at 110 °C and 140°C. Chemical analyses of oils after experimentation have shown absence of amorphous alloys' components such as Fe, Si, and B. In addition, a stability of magnetic properties is witnessed via the measurements of iron losses. Moreover, X-ray diffraction patterns of ribbons after aging experiments reveal a fully amorphous structure. Calculated lifetimes from accelerated aging test show a good stability of amorphous ribbons in field conditions.
Quantum field theory in the space-time of a cosmic string.

For a massive scalar field in the static cylindrically symmetric space-time describing a cosmic string, we determine explicitly the Euclidean Green's function. We obtain also an alternative local form which allows us to calculate the vacuum energy-momentum tensor. In the case of a conformal scalar field, we carry out completely the calculations.
Follicular growth and ovulation in hypophysectomized hens.

Growth of ovarian follicles was induced in hypophysectomized laying hens by daily intramuscular injection of mammalian FSH, PMS or chicken anterior pituitary powder (CAP). The mammalian gonadotropins caused a pronounced increase in the number of follicles entering the initial phase of yellow yolk deposition, but did not support growth of follicles to mature size. The disproportional accumulation of small follicles resulted in the complete obliteration of the normal follicular hierarchy. CAP produced no ovcrstimulation of the smaller follicles and; in a significant number of birds, established a follicular order similar to that found in intact hens. In some CAP treated hens follicles developed to mature size by the end of the eight day experimental period. With a timed sequence of injection of ovulation-inducing substances up to five consecutive daily ovulations were obtained. The number of ovulations was limited by the ability of follicles to attain ovulable size and was independent of the type of gonadot.
Interactive MR Fluoroscopy on a Clinical Scanner

MR fluoroscopy will probably become of increasing importance for the visualization of dynamic processes such as the guidance of biopsies, monitoring of ablations, or the guidance of intra-vascular procedures as reported recently. For all applications real-time visualization of the dynamics and interactive scan control during continuous scanning as well as the capability to track invasive devices emerges to be impending.
Limited independent flexion of the thumb and fingers in human subjects.

1. We investigated whether human subjects can activate selectively flexor pollicis longus (FPL) and digital portions of flexor digitorum profundus (FDP). These muscles were selected because they are the only flexors of the distal phalanges. 2. Electromyographic activity (EMG) was recorded with intramuscular electrodes from one digital component of the deep flexors (‘test’) while subjects lifted weights by flexing the distal interphalangeal joint of the other digits in turn (‘lifting’ digits). Only recording sites at which single motor units were recruited selectively at low forces were used. The weights lifted represented 2.5‐50% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). We measured the lowest weight lifted which produced phasic and tonic coactivation in the ‘test’ muscle. 3. The extent of coactivation varied with the ‘distance’ between the test and lifting digits although no significant difference occurred in the pattern of coactivation thresholds among the digital flexors. The extent of coactivation increased when angular displacement or velocity at the distal interphalangeal joint of the lifting digit increased but was not critically dependent on restraint of the hand. 4. Because mechanical ‘connections’ could interfere with the ability to move a distal phalanx independently, the arms of nine cadavers were studied. The separation of tendons between the thumb (FPL) and the index portion of FDP, and between the index and middle portions of FDP, usually extended more proximally in the forearm than separation between the tendons to the middle and ring fingers and between the ring and little fingers. Direct intertendinous links were also noted. 5. It is not possible to direct a sufficiently focal motor command to flex selectively the distal joint of the fingers and thumb when forces exceeding 2.5% MVC are generated. For the middle, ring and little fingers in particular, movement of adjacent digits may also involve ‘in‐series’ mechanical links between adjacent components of FDP.
The phenotype/genotype relation and the current status of genetic screening in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Marfan syndrome, and the long QT syndrome.

ucts including enzymes and structural proteins. Each chromosome is paired, giving a maternal and a paternal contribution to each gene. Each gene consists of a series of base pairs, the sequence of which is used as the template for producing the messenger RNA, which is used in turn to synthesise proteins on the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. There are four bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). A occurs opposite T and C opposite G in the two strands of the DNA double helix; one, the sense strand, is transcribed; the other (antisense) is not. The sequences in each strand are complementary but run in opposite directions. The two copies (alleles) of the gene in an individual from each parent consist of a segment of the double stranded DNA molecules. The base sequence in the DNA strand is a triplet code in which sets of three bases determine an amino acid. In the messenger RNA molecule, thymine (T) is replaced with uridine (U). Of the 64 possible coding triplets which can be formed from the four bases, some define gene boundaries: TAG and TGA are termination signals, and AUG an initiation signal. The other triplets code for a specific amino acid, but there is considerable redundancy; there are more triplet permutations than amino acids. Genes vary widely in size from a few hundred to many thousand base pairs. The genes
Personalized Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Myeloid

Recent advances in disease pathogenesis and modern technologies are gradually transforming conventional medicine into personalized medicine. The personalized approach to diagnosis of leukemic patients consists of comprehensive and individualized evaluation based on characteristics of the tumor cell morphology, immunophenotype,cytogenetic and molecular aberrations as well as the patient’s overall genetic make-up. Such a diagnostic approach, in addition to guiding individualized treatment, will help to identify new molecular targets for therapy.
Binocular Disappearance of Monocular Symmetry

In an earlier demonstration binocular shapes were produced from monocularly shapeless, random-dot stereo images. A reversal of this phenomenon is demonstrated. A stereo image is devised in which the monocularly apparent shapes of bilateral symmetry disappear when stereoscopically viewed. This phenomenon sharpens the implications of the earlier one.
Assessment of anterior segment parameters under photopic and scotopic conditions in Indian eyes using anterior segment optical coherence tomography

Purpose: To compare the anterior segment parameters in photopic and scotopic conditions using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS OCT) in Indian eyes. Materials and Methods: One hundred eyes of 100 normal subjects of both sexes, aged 19 to 76 years, underwent anterior segment evaluation by AS OCT (Visante™ OCT). Central corneal thickness (CCT), central anterior chamber depth (ACD), pupil diameter (PD) and the temporal and nasal peripheral irido-corneal angles were assessed in photopic and scotopic conditions. These anterior segment parameters were stratified for age, sex and refractive error. Results: Mean values of the parameters measured in photopic and scotopic conditions respectively were as follows: ACD (mm) 2.88 ± 0.32, 2.89 ± 0.32 (P = 0.10); nasal angle (degrees) 28.80 ± 5.91, 22.28 ± 7.50 (P < 0.001); temporal angle (degrees) 29.95 ± 6.74, 22.82 ± 8.43 (P < 0.001); pupil diameter (mm) 4.08 ± 0.91, 4.68 ± 0.92 (P < 0.001); CCT (µm) 519 ± 33.88, 519 ± 33.88. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the ACD in photopic and scotopic conditions. While the nasal and temporal angles showed a significant decrease, the pupil diameter showed a significant increase in scotopic conditions. Mean central ACD decreased with age and was shallower in females than in males. It was highest in myopes and lowest in hypermetropes. CCT was not influenced by photopic and scotopic conditions.
A New Local Mean-based Nonparametric Classification Method

As an improved method of k-nearest neighbor classification, the local mean-based nonparametric classifier had the ability to resist the effects of noise and classify unbalanced data. When selecting the nearest k samples and calculating the distance between the test samples and the local mean-based vectors, it always used Euclidean distance. However, for multi-dimensional data, using Euclidean distance which focused on the difference of the value to determine whether two vectors was similar was not so accurate. To solve this problem, a new local mean-based nonparametric classification method was proposed in this paper. It used the cosine distance which focused more on the difference of the dimension to select the k nearest neighbors and compute the distance between the test samples and the local mean-based vect ors. The new local mean-based nonparametric classification method was tested on the UCI datasets: Iris and Wine for different values of k in different test data set, the simulation results show that it outperforms the existing local mean-based nonparametric classifier.