Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assess the Pre Test Knowledge and Practice of Post-Operative Exercises among Abdominal Surgery Patients Before Video Assisted Teaching

Background: A study to determine the effectiveness of video assisted teaching in knowledge and practice on post-operative exercises among abdominal surgery patients in selected hospitals at Kerala. Methodology: A pre experimental research with group pre-test and post-test design and chosen 40 patients was chosen to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on post-operative exercises among abdominal surgery patients in tertiary care hospital in Kerala. The study was conducted in tertiary care hospital after obtained the ethical committee approval during the period of July to Dec 2017. Results: The pre-test knowledge, out of 40 patients all of them 40 (100%) had inadequate knowledge on post-operative exercises. In post-test knowledge, out of 40 patients one (2.5%) of them had moderately adequate knowledge, 39 (97.5%) of them had adequate knowledge and none of them had inadequate knowledge in post-test on post-operative exercises. Conclusion: The pre-test knowledge had inadequate knowledge on post-operative exercises among abdominal surgery patients in tertiary care hospital in Kerala.
Palaeodiet of Miocene Producers and Depositional Environments: Inferences from the First Evidence of Microcoprolites from India

This paper reviews research on coprolites from India, providing the first evidence of microcoprolites from the early Miocene (Aquitanian) Khari Nadi Formation sedimentary succession, exposed about 1.5 km northeast of the village of Kotada, Kachchh (Kutch) District, Gujarat State, western India. Morphometric and size comparisons (in a statistical framework) with known coprolites from the Mesozoic‐Cenozoic successions of India (including those recorded herein) and globally suggest that fishes were the likely producers of the Kotada coprolites. Scanning electron microscopy confirms the presence of fish dental remains within the coprolites, while both Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X‐ray Spectroscopy (EDS) reveal the phosphatic nature of the microscopic coprolite specimens (recorded herein) hinting that the producer(s) were predominantly carnivorous (ichthyophagous) in their diet. Furthermore, X‐Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis of the host and associated lithologies allows us to deduce that the Kotada coprolites were deposited in a shallow marine environment, with possible aerial exposure of the host lithology occurring at some point after deposition. To the best of our knowledge, the present report is the first record of microscopic fish coprolites from India, as well as being the first from the Aquitanian of India and the oldest Neogene record from India.
Reversible moisture damage in asphalt mixture

A moisture damage has been one of the major concerns for HMA pavement by loss of adhesion between bitumen and aggregate surface or loss of the cohesion within asphalt binder due to action of water. Water is the one of major contributor towards the damage of asphalt pavement. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effects of Moisture Damage (MD) towards the performance of asphalt mixture under different conditions (dry, wet and dry back). For this research laboratory fabricated specimens were conditioned in accordance to ASTM D4867 to achieve desire saturation level up to 80% and then immersed in water for different soaking period to simulate flooding scenario. Indirect Tensile strength (ITS) and Resilient Modulus (RM) tests were performed on moisture conditioned specimens at regular interval (1,3 and 5 days). After 5 days testing specimens were stored at room temperature for another 5 days to dry and were tested again to determine the recoverability of moisture damage. The results from this study indicated that tensile strength and modulus gradually decreased with the increasing of conditioning period, and upon drying at certain period specimens recovered 82% and 76% of initial ITS and RM respectively. The results suggested that moisture damage in asphalt mixture tested is reversible.
A Survey on CNN and RNN Implementations

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely used for complex applications, such as image and voice processing. Two varieties of DNNs, namely Convolutional Neuronal Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neuronal Networks (RNNs), are particularly popular regarding recent success for industrial applications. While CNNs are typically used for computer vision applications like object recognition, RNNs are well suited for time variant problems due to their recursive structure. Even though CNNs and RNNs belong to the family of DNNs, their implementation shows substantial differences. Besides more common Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Graphic processing Unit (GPU) implementations, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementations offer great potential. Recent evaluations have shown significant benefits of FPGA implementations of DNNs over CPUs and GPUs. In this paper, we compare current FPGA implementations of CNNs and RNNs and analyze their optimizations. With this, we provide insights regarding the specific benefits and drawbacks of recent FPGA implementations of DNNs. Keywords–deep learning, convolutional, recurrent, neural network.
Individual crowdfunding practices

This study investigates characteristics of individual crowdfunding practices and drivers of fundraising success, where entrepreneurs can tailor their crowdfunding initiatives better than on standardized platforms. Our data indicate that most of the funds provided are entitled to receive either financial compensations (equity and profit-share arrangement) or nonfinancial benefits (final product and token of appreciation), while donations are less common. Moreover, crowdfunding initiatives that are structured as nonprofit organizations tend to be significantly more successful than other organizational forms in achieving their fundraising targets, even after controlling for various project characteristics. This finding is in line with theoretical arguments developed by the contract failure literature which postulates that nonprofit organizations may find it easier to attract money for initiatives that are of interest for the general community due to their reduced focus on profits.
Type 2 diabetes genes - Present status and data from Norwegian studies

The worldwide rise in prevalence of type 2 diabetes has led to an intense search for the genetic risk factors of this disease. In type 2 diabetes and other complex disorders, multiple genetic and environmental factors, as well as the interaction between these factors, determine the phenotype. In this review, we summarize present knowledge, generated by more than two decades of efforts to dissect the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes. Initial studies were either based on a candidate gene approach or attempted to fine-map signals generated from linkage analysis. Despite the detection of multiple genomic regions proposed to be linked to type 2 diabetes, subsequent positional fine-mapping of candidates were mostly inconclusive. However, the introduction of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), applied on thousands of patients and controls, completely changed the field. To date, more than 50 susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes have been detected through the establishment of large research consortia, the application of GWAS on intermediary diabetes phenotypes and the use of study samples of different ethnicities. Still, the common variants identified in the GWAS era only explain some of the heritability seen for type 2 diabetes. Thus, focus is now shifting towards searching also for rare variants using new high-throughput sequencing technologies. For genes involved in the genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes the emerging picture is that there are hundreds of different gene variants working in a complex interplay influencing pancreatic beta cell function/mass and, only to a lesser extent, insulin action. Several Norwegian studies have contributed to the field, extending our understanding of genetic risk factors in type 2 diabetes and in diabetes-related phenotypes like obesity and cardiovascular disease.
Effect of high-dose atorvastatin on advanced soft atherosclerotic plaque in rabbit carotid artery using ultrasonographic and histological methods

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of high-dose atorvastatin on advanced soft atherosclerotic plaque in the rabbit common carotid artery. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the common carotid arteries in 17 rabbits were injured through perivascular liquid nitrogen followed by a 1.5% cholesterol-rich diet for eight weeks. The animals were randomly divided into three groups including A: a cholesterol-rich diet (8 weeks), B: control and discontinuation of cholesterol-rich diet (12 weeks) and C: high-dose atorvastatin administration (5 mg/kg/day) and discontinuation the cholesterol-rich diet (12 weeks). Blood volume flow and blood mean velocity were measured by color Doppler ultrasonography. Moreover, mean wall thickness and percentage of luminal cross-sectional area of stenosis were measured by B-mode ultrasonography and histological methods in the stenotic region of the common carotid artery. Results: Results showed a significant reduction in the serum lipid parameters, peak systolic blood pressure, blood mean pressure, blood mean velocity, mean value for wall thickness and the percentage of luminal cross-sectional area of stenosis. Moreover, results showed a significant increase in the peak diastolic blood pressure and blood volume flow in group C compared with the other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The pleiotropic and lipophilic effects of high-dose atorvastatin accompanied by discontinuation of cholesterol-rich diet can cause to exterminate the microvessels, improve the fibro-lipid lesion in the soft plaque and significantly dilate the luminal cross-sectional area of stenosis.
A Multimodel Study of Parametric Uncertainty in Predictions of Climate Response to Rising Greenhouse Gas Concentrations

Abstract One tool for studying uncertainties in simulations of future climate is to consider ensembles of general circulation models where parameterizations have been sampled within their physical range of plausibility. This study is about simulations from two such ensembles: a subset of the climateprediction.net ensemble using the Met Office Hadley Centre Atmosphere Model, version 3.0 and the new “CAMcube” ensemble using the Community Atmosphere Model, version 3.5. The study determines that the distribution of climate sensitivity in the two ensembles is very different: the climateprediction.net ensemble subset range is 1.7–9.9 K, while the CAMcube ensemble range is 2.2–3.2 K. On a regional level, however, both ensembles show a similarly diverse range in their mean climatology. Model radiative flux changes suggest that the major difference between the ranges of climate sensitivity in the two ensembles lies in their clear-sky longwave responses. Large clear-sky feedbacks present only in the climatepredicti.
Contact and oral toxicity to honey bees (Apis mellifera) of agents registered for use for sweet corn insect control in Ontario, Canada

Assays were conducted to compare direct and residual contact and oral toxicities to honey bees of sweet corn insecticides and of Bt-sweet corn. Direct contact assays focusing on LC50 determined that technical grade clothianidin was most toxic, > carbofuran, > imidacloprid = spinosad, > lambda-cyhalothrin, > Bacillus thuringiensis. In residual contact assays, forager age bees were exposed to treated non-transgenic sweet corn tassels. Carbofuran treated tassels caused significant mortality up to 2 and 3 days after treatment (DAT) in 2002 and 2003, respectively. Lambda-cyhalothrin treated tassels had no impact on honey bees in 2002; in 2003, their toxicity was significantly higher than the untreated control tassels for 1 DAT. In both years, spinosad, imidacloprid and clothianidin or Bt-sweet corn tassels had no impact on honey bee mortality. Pollen collected from insecticide field treated corn and fed to honey bees had no impact on mortality.
Preparation and growth of SnS thin film deposited by spray pyrolysis technique

In this paper thin films of tin sulfide (SnS) were deposited on the glass substrates using spray pyrolysis method with the substrate temperatures in the range of 400–600℃, keeping the other deposition parameters constant. In this work the characteristic of SnS thin films investigated. The XRD pattern and optical transmittance of thin films also are discussed. With the change in concentration of thiourea, the physical properties of the thin films are also investigated.
Numerical Simulation Of Channel Flows Using The Immersed Boundary Method.

The Immersed Boundary Method is used to model the walls bounding flows in straight channels. In this method a force source term is added to the Navier-Stokes equations, in order to guarantee the non-slipping boundary conditions at the channel walls. The Physical Virtual Model (PVM) is used to calculate the force field, which is a methodology that has been developed by the LTCM – FEMEC research group. This methodology employs the Navier-Stokes equations to compute the interfacial force presented in the flow. Results are presented for two types of flows: Poiseuille and Couette-Poiseuille. The results (velocity and friction coefficient) are compared with analytical results.
Improved pH-responsive amphiphilic carboxymethyl-hexanoyl chitosan–poly(acrylic acid) macromolecules for biomedical applications

In this communication, we report a new type of amphiphilic carboxymethyl-hexanoyl chitosan (CHC)–poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hybrid macromolecule, which was successfully prepared through polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of amphiphilic CHC. The chemical structure of the hybrid was characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR, which confirmed a chemical linkage between the amine groups of CHC and hydroxyl groups of AA. This CHC–PAA hybrid exhibited amphiphilic property as the original CHC rendering the self-assembling capability to be tunable in terms of AA concentration. Compared with the existing pristine chitosan–PAA co-polymers, this CHC–PAA hybrid exhibited a relatively high pH-responsive volumetric change by 10–100 times compared with the existing alternatives reported in the literature. The hybrid nanoparticles showed excellent encapsulation efficiency greater than 90% for a hydrophobic anti-cancer substance, (S)-(+)-camptothecin. A pH-responsive drug release behavior was systematically evaluated. Besides, this hybrid also revealed excellent cytocompatibility towards the MCF-7 and BCE cell lines, which, associated with its structural stability, suggests this new type of CHC–PAA hybrid to be a promising biomaterial for oral drug delivery application.
The Influence of Characteristics of Thermodynamic Effect and Bulk Viscosity Effect on the Bubble Dynamics

The important influence of thermodynamic effect inside bubble and viscous liquid volume outside the bubble on the dynamics of bubble can be found. However, the combined effect of those two factors has currently little research and the thermodynamic effect of the bubble can be seen from the Flynn model. Taking thermodynamic effect inside bubble and viscous liquid volume outside bubble into consideration, the Flynn model can be revised under ultrasonic excitation. The effect of ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic amplitude and the initial bubble radius on the dynamics of the bubble can be simulated numerically. For comparison with Flynn model, the chaotic and bifurcation diagram of therevised model can be obtained. It can be seen that the thermodynamic effect can extend the time in the stable states, and viscous liquid volume can restrain the random motion of the bubble. To achieve obvious cavitation effect, a higher intensity ultrasonic excitation can be required which the motion of the bubble can be from bifurcation into chaotic. The results solve the problem that the Flynn model not fits the bubble movement well actually. It is provided a theoretical basis for the potential application of the cavitation effect.
Change Point Estimation of the Stationary State in Auto Regressive Moving Average Models, Using Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Singular Value Decomposition-based Filtering

In this paper, for the first time, the subject of change point estimation has been utilized in the stationary state of auto regressive moving average (ARMA) (1, 1). In the monitoring phase, in case the features of the question pursue a time series, i.e., ARMA(1,1), on the basis of the maximum likelihood technique, an approach will be developed for the estimation of the stationary state’s change point. To estimate unidentified parameters following the change point, the dynamic linear model’s filtering was utilized on the basis of the singular decomposition of values. The proposed model has wide applications in several fields such as finance, stock exchange marks and rapid production. The results of simulation showed the suggested estimator’s effectiveness. In addition, a real example on stock exchange market is offered to delineate the application.
GENERATING INFORMATION MEASURES VIA MATRIX OVER PROBABILITY SPACES

Abstract: In the present communication, we have generated some new information theoretic measures through the diagonal and non-diagonal elements of the matrix of probability terms obtained by post multiplication of a column vector by a row vector. The elements of columns of such a matrix consists of linear function whereas the row elements are in the form of linear, power, exponential, trigonometric and hyperbolic function. The concept will find application in measurement of diversity in biological systems and in other disciplines using information theory.
3D RECONSTRUCTION FROM STEREO/RANGE IMAGES

OF THESIS 3D RECONSTRUCTION FROM STEREO/RANGE IMAGES. 3D reconstruction from stereo/range image is one of the most fundamental and extensively researched topics in computer vision. Stereo research has recently experienced somewhat of a new era, as a result of publically available performance testing such as the Middlebury data set, which has allowed researchers to compare their algorithms against all the state-of-the-art algorithms. This thesis investigates into the general stereo problems in both the two-view stereo and multi-view stereo scopes. In the two-view stereo scope, we formulate an algorithm for the stereo matching problem with careful handling of disparity, discontinuity and occlusion. The algorithm works with a global matching stereo model based on an energy minimization framework. The experimental results are evaluated on the Middlebury data set, showing that our algorithm is the top performer. A GPU approach of the Hierarchical BP algorithm is then proposed, which provides similar stereo quality to CPU Hierarchical BP while running at real-time speed. A fast-converging BP is also proposed to solve the slow convergence problem of general BP algorithms. Besides two-view stereo, efficient multi-view stereo for large scale urban reconstruction is carefully studied in this thesis. A novel approach for computing depth maps given urban imagery where often large parts of surfaces are weakly textured is presented. Finally, a new post-processing step to enhance the range images in both the both the spatial resolution and depth precision is proposed.
Glycerine Analysis of Beniseed (Sesanum indicum) Oil, Biodiesel and Blends

Beninseed oil was extracted using soxhlet extraction method and transesterified to biodiesel using sodium methylate. The oil and its biodiesel were characterized according to American Society for Test and Materials (ASTM) protocols; the fatty acid profile was determined by gas chromatography analysis method, the glycerine content was measured to estimate the completeness of the reaction while the mineral contents were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results obtained shows that the properties are within the ASTM limits and similar to those of diesel fuel which led to the conclusion that is can be used as alternative fuel for diesel engines. Of particular interest is the cetane index of 50, which is higher than that of diesel which will allow it to be used neat in diesel engine except that the viscosity of 32 mm2/s is too high for direct use in diesel engine. The oil is 83.948% unsaturated and consists mainly of 35.075% oleic acid and 45.78% linoleic acids.
Measurements of the magnetic field induced by a turbulent flow of liquid metal

Initial results from the Madison Dynamo Experiment provide details of the inductive response of a turbulent flow of liquid sodium to an applied magnetic field. The magnetic field structure is reconstructed from both internal and external measurements. A mean toroidal magnetic field is induced by the flow when an axial field is applied, thereby demonstrating the omega effect. Poloidal magnetic flux is expelled from the fluid by the poloidal flow. Small-scale magnetic field structures are generated by turbulence in the flow. The resulting magnetic power spectrum exhibits a power-law scaling consistent with the equipartition of the magnetic field with a turbulent velocity field. The magnetic power spectrum has an apparent knee at the resistive dissipation scale. Large-scale eddies in the flow cause significant changes to the instantaneous flow profile resulting in intermittent bursts of nonaxisymmetric magnetic fields, demonstrating that the transition to a dynamo is not smooth for a turbulent flow.