Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitudes and practices in the control and prevention of malaria in four endemic provinces of Zambia

This study sought to determine malaria knowledge levels, attitudes and practices of the communities in four malaria endemic provinces of Zambia. A cross-sectional survey on knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) on malaria transmission, prevention and control was conducted among 584 household heads of randomly selected communities in Luapula, Lusaka, north-western and western provinces in Zambia. Data analysis was performed by both descriptive and inferential statistics. Knowledge levels in malaria with regards to the mosquito being the vector and the capacity of malaria to kill were high in all the provinces and did not vary statistically. The two main sources of malaria information by weighted analysis were health facility and community health workers (CHWs). From the regression analysis, pain killer use was associated with high incomes, employment, secondary education, or higher, and the knowledge of fever as a sign for malaria. Additionally, the source of malaria information was related to education .
Decision tree classification of hyperspectral remote sensing imagery based on independent component analysis

Hyperspectral remote sensing imagery contains abundant spectral information because of its numerous bands,but it also causes the curse of dimensionality.How to resolve this conflict and improve the classification accuracy of hyperspectral remote sensing imagery is the major concern.Therefore,the thesis proposed ICA-DTC model that combined Independent Component Analysis(ICA) with Decision Tree Classifier(DTC) to research the hyperspectral imagery classification based on EO-1 Hyperion.First,ICA was applied to carry on the feature extraction on hyperspectral remote sensing imagery.Based on this,the characteristic components and other geography auxiliary elements were selected as test variables,the appropriate threshold was selected to set discriminating rule,and the DTC model was established to classify hyperspectral remote sensing imagery.Then the results obtained by this method were compared with that obtained by traditional maximum likelihood classification.The experimental results show that ICA can extract nonlinear characteristics from surface features well and ICA-DCT model can effectively improve the classification accuracy of surface features under complex terrain.In terms of the total classification accuracy,the former is up to 89.34%,18.8% higher than the latter.In terms of the classification accuracy of a single surface feature,the former is only slightly lower than the latter on water,while 11 other surface features are higher than the latter.
Perfil epidemiológico oral y necesidad de tratamiento odontológico de pacientes VIH/SIDA

Oral epidemiological profile and the need for dental treatment for HIV/AIDS patients Objective. To describe the oral epidemiological profile and the needs for dental treatment for HIV/AIDS patients in an institution. Design. Cross sectional study. Location. University of Cartagena Faculty of Odontology Participants. Patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS undergoing antiretroviral treatment. Main Measures. Socio-demographic variables, oral hygiene condition, history of tooth decay, periodontal disease, oral signs associated with HIV/AIDS, need for dental treatment were evaluated. Results: Out of 53 study subjects, 59.9% showed mediocre oral hygiene, 66% supragingival calculus and 15.1%, gingival bleeding. We observed tooth decay in 92.5% of the participants and absence of teeth in 73.6%. The prevalence of oral signs of HIV/AIDS was 45.3%, with emphasis on a 28.3% of an infectious origin. The presence of lesions not associated with HIV was 81.1%, and a significant 28.3% with oral pigmentations associated with antiretroviral medication. 100% of the subjects required dental care, with 4 different types being necessary for 60.4% of them. Promotion and prevention were significant in 98.1% of cases, followed by removal of calculus in 73.6% y the need for prosthesis in 81.2% of individuals. Conclusion: Lack of attention and the need for treatment is evident in these members of the population, who show mediocre oral health, strengthening the case for the comprehensive care this type of patient deserves.
Access to services by children with intellectual disability and mental health problems: Population-based evidence from the UK

Abstract Background Children with intellectual disability (ID) experience high levels of mental health problems that may require access to professional support. However, there is limited information about how frequently these children access services. Method A survey of mental health in children living in the United Kingdom (UK) by the Office of National Statistics in 2004 (N = 7,977) was used to examine levels of service access. Children with ID and mental health problems were compared to children with mental health problems (without ID), children with ID and no mental health problems, and typically developing children. Results Children with ID and mental health problems accessed specialist mental health services at higher rates than children with only ID, but at similar rates to children who only have mental health problems. Conclusions Overall, low levels of service access highlight likely high unmet need among children with ID, mental health problems, and both conditions.
An integrable low-cost hardware random number generator

A hardware random number generator is different from a pseudo-random number generator; a pseudo-random number generator approximates the assumed behavior of a real hardware random number generator. Simple pseudo random number generators suffices for most applications, however for demanding situations such as the generation of cryptographic keys, requires an efficient and a cost effective source of random numbers. Arbiter-based Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) proposed for physical authentication of ICs exploits statistical delay variation of wires and transistors across integrated circuits, as a result of process variations, to build a secret key unique to each IC. Experimental results and theoretical studies show that a sufficient amount of variation exits across IC’s. This variation enables each IC to be identified securely. It is possible to exploit the unreliability of these PUF responses to build a physical random number generator. There exists measurement noise, which comes from the instability of an arbiter when it is in a racing condition. There exist challenges whose responses are unpredictable. Without environmental variations, the responses of these challenges are random in repeated measurements. Compared to other physical random number generators, the PUF-based random number generators can be a compact and a low-power solution since the generator need only be turned on when required. A 64-stage PUF circuit costs less than 1000 gates and the circuit can be implemented using a standard IC manufacturing processes. In this paper we have presented a fast and an efficient random number generator, and analysed the quality of random numbers produced using an array of tests used by the National Institute of Standards and Technology to evaluate the randomness of random number generators designed for cryptographic applications.
Psoriasis Severity, Scoring, and Treatment With Phototherapy and Systemic Medications

PURPOSE: To review the scoring, severity, and systemic treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. EPIDEMIOLOGY: Psoriasis occurs in 1% to 3% of the US population. In 20% to 25% of these persons, the disease will be more than limited. Approximately 20% of patients with plaque psoriasis will require more aggressive treatment than topical therapy. Plaque psoriasis is more common in individuals with haplotypes HLA-B13, -B17, and -Cw6. It worsens with HIV infection, stress, other infection, and exposure to ultraviolet light. REVIEW SUMMARY: Psoriasis is a complex and multifaceted chronic skin condition that is subject to an ongoing cycle of remissions and exacerbations occurring most commonly on the elbows, knees, sacrum, and scalp. Severity fluctuates and with it the impact of psori- asis on quality of life and psychosocial well-being. Traditionally, assessments of psoriasis severity are based on clinician appraisal of the visible signs of disease, using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scoring system. A number of therapies are available to treat moderate to severe psoriasis, including phototherapy and systemic treatment with oral retinoids, methotrexate, and cyclosporine. TYPE OF AVAILABLE EVIDENCE: Randomized-controlled trials, retrospective cohort studies, unstructured reviews. GRADE OF AVAILABLE EVIDENCE: Good. CONCLUSION: The treatment of psoriasis remains challenging. As advances in biotechnolo- gy lead to the development of agents that target specific molecular mechanisms in the patho- genesis of psoriasis, it is the hopeful that the future will provide safer and more effective therapeutic options for patients with this debilitating disease. (Adv Stud Med. 2005;5(1):38-45)
Knowledge Mining of Disease Network can Provide New Insights in Cancer Research through Analysis of Other Diseases

The word itself seems to hold a dark power over modern humankind. Nearly every one of us has come in close proximity to this life-threatening disease. In recent years, researchers have produced a body of work that has given us a clearer (albeit more complicated) picture of how cancer comes to be, how it develops, and how it can be treated. The roles of genetics (in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs) [1], epigenetics [2], miRNA [3], copy number variation [4], chromatin structure [5], and protein biomarkers [6] in cancer have been shown. While great scientific advances have been made in the understanding and treatment of this disease in the last 50 years, we still do not have a clear understanding of the ‘how’ and ‘why’. Given a set of initial conditions in the body defined by genetics, lifestyle, environmental exposure, etc., cancer begins and proceeds to develop through an evolutionary process. This results in all cancers having unique characteristics [7]. Clearly, cancer is a multidimensional problem for which we have an enormous amount of data now. Gaining knowledge from the existing data, however, is a nontrivial task.
Semen quality in 24693 Turkish men over a 16 year period (1995-2011)

Türk erkeklerinde sperm sayısı, sperm morfolojisi ve kalitesi hakındaki çalışmalar vaka raporları ile sınırlı olup semen kalitesi hakkında genel bir bilgi verememektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda normospermik Türk erkeklerinde 16 yıl süresince semen kalitesindeki değişiklikler değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Sunulan araştırma retrospektif bir çalışma olup 1995 ve 2011 yılları arasında 24693 erkeğe ait semen verileri değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Semen kalitesi yaşa ve bireylere bağlı olarak semen hacmi, sperm konsantrasyonu, toplam sperm miktarı ve sperm hareketliliği istatistiksel olarak analiz edilerek değerlendirilmiştir (yaş grupları: 18-25, 2630, 31-35, 36-40, 41-50). Değerlendirme sonucunda tüm yaş gruplarında sperm konsantrasyonu 73.2x10/mL olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca Türk erkeklerinde semen hacmi 3.93±1.93 mL olarak belirtilmiştir. C (+2) hareketlilik değeri tüm yaş gruplarında dikkat çekici bir şekilde düşüş göstermiştir. Sunulan çalışma gerek kişi sayısı gerekse değerlendirilen yıllar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda Türk erkeklerinde semen kalitesinin değerlendirildiği ilk çalışma olma özelliğine sahiptir.
Evaluating Sensory Abnormalities in Mice after Spinal Cord Injury and the Anatomical Evidence for Likely Mechanisms

ii Dedication . v Acknowledgments. vi Vita. vii List of Tables . xvi List of Figures . xvii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 General approach. 1 Clinical loss of sensory function, neuropathic pain, and dysesthesia after spinal cord injury (SCI). 1 Animal models of SCI-induced neuropathic pain . 4 The crucial role of mice in investigations of SCI-induced pain. 8 Mechanisms contributing to neuropathic pain . 8 How do the lesion extent and distribution affect chronic central pain? 12 Primary afferent sprouting and anatomical plasticity . 13
The impact of a video intervention to improve patient participation in the hospital outpatient consultation.

The aim of this study was to develop a video intervention and to determine whether it could be successful in increasing patient participation in medical interviews. The efficacy of the intervention was evaluated by examining the effects of the video on the process of communication and on patient outcomes. The secondary aims of the study were to investigate the role of individual patient differences and the doctor on the consultation. This study was experimental, with patients allocated to one of three groups, experimental, placebo control and control. The experimental group watched a video designed to improve their communication with the doctor, the placebo group saw a neutral video and the control group no video. All patients completed questionnaires assessing anxiety, health related cognitions and health status immediately prior to their consultation. The consultations were audiotaped and subsequently analysed using the Verbal Response Mode coding system (Stiles, 1992). Post-consultation, further questionnaires were completed to assess anxiety, satisfaction, perceived control over recovery and ability to communicate. Data from 206 participants were analysed. The results demonstrated that the video intervention did not result in significant increases in patient participation or improved outcomes. Individual patient differences accounted for a small proportion of the variance in patient participation and satisfaction. Significant differences were found in patient participation and satisfaction according to the doctor seen. Individual patient differences and the doctor seen predicted the patients' verbal contribution to the consultation and patient satisfaction. A significant interaction was found between the experimental group and doctor on the measure of patient satisfaction, in that experimental group patients of one doctor were more satisfied than controls. The findings suggested that targeting an intervention exclusively at patients was insufficient to produce improvements in participation and outcomes, except where circumstances within the consultation were favourable to patient participation. The evidence indicated that doctors play an influential role in the consultation and interventions may be more successful if directed at doctors and patients simultaneously.
Optimization model of vaccination strategy for dengue transmission

Dengue fever is emerging tropical and subtropical disease caused by dengue virus infection. The vaccination should be done as a prevention of epidemic in population. The host-vector model are modified with consider a vaccination factor to prevent the occurrence of epidemic dengue in a population. An optimal vaccination strategy using non-linear objective function was proposed. The genetic algorithm programming techniques are combined with fourth-order Runge-Kutta method to construct the optimal vaccination. In this paper, the appropriate vaccination strategy by using the optimal minimum cost function which can reduce the number of epidemic was analyzed. The numerical simulation for some specific cases of vaccination strategy is shown.
From Pac-Man to pop music : interactive audio in games and new media

Contents: Preface Introduction, Karen Collins Part 1 Industries and Synergies: The new MTV? Electronic arts and 'playing' music, Holly Tessler Marketing music through computer games: the case of Poets of the Fall and Max Payne 2, Antti-Ville KArjA. Part 2 Ringtones and Mobile Phones: Could ringtones be more annoying? , Peter Drescher Indeterminate adaptive digital audio for games on mobiles, Agnes Guerraz and Jacques Lemordant. Part 3 Instruments and Interactions: Theoretical approaches to composing dynamic music for video games, Jesper Kaae Realising groundbreaking adaptive music, Tim van Geelen The composition-instrument: emergence, improvisation, and interaction in games and new media, Norbert Herber. Part 4 Techniques and Technologies: Dynamic range: subtlety and silence in video game sound, Rob Bridgett An introduction to granular synthesis in video games, Leonard J. Paul. Part 5 Audio and Audience: Chip music: low-tech data music sharing, Anders Carlsson Left in the dark: playing computer games with the sound turned off, Kristine JA,rgensen Music theory in music games, Peter Schultz Selected annotated bibliography, Erica Kudisch Bibliography Index.
First-order modular logic programs and their conservative extensions

Abstract Modular logic programs provide a way of viewing logic programs as consisting of many independent, meaningful modules. This paper introduces first-order modular logic programs, which can capture the meaning of many answer set programs. We also introduce conservative extensions of such programs. This concept helps to identify strong relationships between modular programs as well as between traditional programs. We show how the notion of a conservative extension can be used to justify the common projection rewriting.
Spacecraft formation flying: dynamics and control

A concept of a distributed array of small, low-cost, cooperative, and highly coordinated microspacecraft is vigorously being pursued for several future space missions. Implementation of the distributed coordinated spacecraft concept will require tight control of the relative distances and phases between the participating spacecraft. We review nonlinear and linear spacecraft relative position modeling techniques. In addition, we develop a mathematically rigorous control design framework for linear control of spacecraft relative position dynamics with guaranteed closed-loop stability. Finally, illustrative numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.
Evaluation of an acupuncture service in oncology

Abstract Background and aims: Current evidence suggests that acupuncture may provide some palliation of the symptoms and side effects of cancer and its treatments. Therefore, consideration of the potential benefit of the introduction of an acupuncture service in oncology at Cornwall was investigated. This study describes the experience of patients using the service. Methods: Between April 2005 and October 2007, 107 oncology patients experiencing one or more of the following symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, hot flushes, pain, breathlessness, dry mouth, anxiety, depression, fatigue, diarrhoea, constipation or difficulties in coping, were referred for up to 10 weekly acupuncture treatments. About 103 had acupuncture treatment. This observational study utilised responses to questionnaires and self assessment of symptoms at the start (baseline), on completion of treatment and at two months post-acupuncture treatment. Results: Complete data were returned for 47 participants. Improvement in vasomotor symptoms was seen in 86% of patients presenting with hot flushes. There was a significant (p = < 0.001) reduction in anxiety following acupuncture. The mean difference between scores on the Fatigue Scale (18) across the study period showed improvement in patients experiencing fatigue (p = 0.039). Conclusion: An acupuncture service for Oncology is practicable and is of benefit to patients. A future randomised controlled trial focusing on the use of acupuncture for hot flushes associated with hormonal treatments for cancer would be worthwhile as these patients form the bulk of referrals and many reported improvement in their hot flushes. A pilot study to compare acupuncture and Venlafaxine for hot flushes in breast cancer patients taking anti-oestrogen treatment is currently being planned. The results of this study demonstrate that acupuncture may benefit patients experiencing anxiety and/or fatigue associated with cancer. A larger randomised controlled trial would more adequately investigate this hypothesis.
Teach Reconfigurable Computing using mixed-grained fabrics based hardware infrastructure

With the prevalence of reconfigurable computing, many relevant courses are designed and taught to graduate students. Traditional Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) based hardware platforms are far from satisfying to reflect the important criteria characterizing a general reconfigurable computing system. In order to provide students a comprehensive understanding of reconfigurable computing system in a broader way, this paper presents a mixed-grained educational hardware platform. Different from the traditional ones, the proposed hardware platform includes not only fine-grained reconfigurable fabrics (e.g. FPGAs), but also coarse-grained ones which makes it possible to reveal essential features and intrinsic mechanisms of reconfigurable computing system. Utilizing this hardware platform, a course including four hands-on laboratory projects is designed. The feedback from students and teachers confirms that with the help of the proposed hardware platform, a thorough understanding of reconfigurable computing systems is achieved in an intuitive way and the practical experience is also significantly enhanced.
Complications of Critical Illness: Rationale for Prophylactic Strategies

Abstract: Despite the diagnostic and therapeutic advances that have occurred in medical practice over the past 3 decades, critically ill patients all too frequently develop complications that can result in increased morbidity, mortality, and cost of care. Among the most commonly encountered complications are venous thromboembolic disease (VTE), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), catheter-associated infections (CAI), and stress-related mucosal disease (SRMD). Fortunately, clinicians have effective prophylactic strategies to prevent these complications in high-risk critically ill patients. Essential aspects of management for the critically ill patient should include knowledge of the risk factors for development, skill in recognition, and awareness of prevention strategies for the common complications of critical illness. In practical terms, the major obstacle has been failure to implement effective prophylactic strategies early enough in the “at-risk population” to achieve the beneficial effects on outcome. The best educational plan appears to be targeting the medical students and house staff, along with the intensive care unit nurses, pharmacists, and respiratory therapists. It is hoped that through education and the development of management protocols, morbidity and mortality will be improved for the critically ill patient.
Efecto del riego deficitario sostenido sobre el color y las características químicas del zumo de Granada

9 INTRODUCCION 10 MATERIALES Y METODOS 13 2.1 Material vegetal, Condiciones experimentales y Tratamientos 2.2 Climatologia y Estado hidrico de la planta 2.3 Muestras de zumo de granada 2.4 Parametros de calidad en zumos 2.5 Colorimetria 2.6 Identificacion y cuantificacion de componentes fenolicos 2.7 Capacidad antioxidante ABTS 2.8 Diseno y analisis estadistico RESULTADOS 22 3.1 Estado hidrico de la planta 3.2 Atributos de calidad y parametros de color 3.3 Compuestos quimicos y actividad antioxidante DISCUSION 28
Online traffic flow model applying the dynamic flow-density relation

More traffic adaptive algorithms and their respective implementation procedures for traffic flow modelling are required for more ambitious control strategies and enhanced capabilities in hardware and software. This paper presents a new approach to online traffic flow modelling on motorways based on the continuum theory and an online process to adapt the flow-density relations dynamically to the site dependent changes in the traffic context.