Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of total column ozone obtained by the IASI-MetOp satellite with ground-based and OMI satellite observations in the southern tropics and subtropics

Abstract. This paper presents comparison results of the total column ozone (TCO) data product over 13 southern tropical and subtropical sites recorded from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Interferometer (IASI) onboard the EUMETSAT (European organization for the exploitation of METeorological SATellite) MetOp (Meteorological Operational satellite program) satellite. TCO monthly averages obtained from IASI between June 2008 and December 2012 are compared with collocated TCO measurements from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the OMI/Aura satellite and the Dobson and SAOZ (Systeme d'Analyse par Observation Zenithale) ground-based instruments. The results show that IASI displays a positive bias with an average less than 2 % with respect to OMI and Dobson observations, but exhibits a negative bias compared to SAOZ over Bauru with a bias around 2.63 %. There is a good agreement between IASI and the other instruments, especially from 15° S southward where a correlation coefficient higher than 0.87 is found. IASI exhibits a seasonal dependence, with an upward trend in autumn and a downward trend during spring, especially before September 2010. After September 2010, the autumn seasonal bias is considerably reduced due to changes made to the retrieval algorithm of the IASI level 2 (L2) product. The L2 product released after August (L2 O3 version 5 (v5)) matches TCO from the other instruments better compared to version 4 (v4), which was released between June 2008 and August 2010. IASI bias error recorded from September 2010 is estimated to be at 1.5 % with respect to OMI and less than ±1 % with respect to the other ground-based instruments. Thus, the improvement made by O3 L2 version 5 (v5) product compared with version 4 (v4), allows IASI TCO products to be used with confidence to study the distribution and interannual variability of total ozone in the southern tropics and subtropics.
Determination of the Acidity of MCM-41 with Different Si/Al Ratios by the Temperature Programmed Desorption of Pyridine

Mesoporous catalysts of MCM-41 type with different Si/Al ratios were synthesized by the hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption and thermogravimetric analysis. Their acidic properties were determined via the temperature programmed desorption of pyridine. Vyazovkin kinetic models were used to correlate the total acidity as a function of the Si/Al ratio with the apparent activation energy for pyridine desorption. The results obtained indicated that the catalysts possessed weak and medium acidic sites. An increase in the Si/Al ratio led to an increase in the activation energy for pyridine desorption.
Index-Exciting CAViaR: A New Empirical Time-Varying Risk Model

Instead of assuming the distribution of return series, Engle and Manganelli (2004) propose a new Value-at-Risk (VaR) modeling approach, Conditional Autoregressive Value-at-Risk (CAViaR), to directly compute the quantile of an individual asset's returns which performs better in many cases than those that invert a return distribution. In this paper we explore more flexible CAViaR models that allow VaR prediction to depend upon a richer information set involving returns on an index. Specifically, we formulate a time-varying CAViaR model whose parameters vary according to the evolution of the index. The empirical evidence reported in this paper suggests that our time-varying CAViaR models can do a better job for VaR prediction when there are spillover effects from one market or market segment to other markets or market segments.
The impact of ecotourism on livelihood and natural resource management in Eselenkei, Amboseli Ecosystem, Kenya

This paper presents the impact of ecotourism on livelihood and natural resource management in the periphery of Amboseli Biosphere Reserve in Kenya. Ecotourism initiatives that have been introduced by Porini Ecotourism, a private investor, are benefiting Eselenkei Group Ranch in terms of income, improved infrastructure, employment opportunities and exposure. Over US$5000 is received annually as land rent, gate fee and bed charges. Twenty‐six Maasai men are employed for the upkeep of project facilities. The community's capacity to facilitate resource‐related conflicts has improved following support from development institutions. An expanding livelihood base is reducing local vulnerability to disaster and people–wildlife conflicts. The numbers of resident wildlife species in the conservation area have increased due to regeneration of woody species and reduced frequency of livestock.
Epigenetics and Evolutionary Mechanisms

In this article, an attempt to incorporate recent knowledge of epigenetics into the evolutionary theory is presented. As our interest is to clarify evolutionary mechanisms at the molecular level and to connect them to phenotype evolution, the interplay of drift and selection (near-neutrality) on molecular evolution is briefly reviewed. Epigenetic phenomena are partly controlled by genetic systems via chromatin structure, and special attention has been paid to the dynamic evolution of three gene families which encode chromatin components. These gene families are characterized by rapid birth and death of gene copy members, and weak diversity enhancing selection. Also the protein products contain disordered domain that provides flexible chromatin structure. The near-neutrality concept may be extended to their evolution. Here drift, selection and epigenetics become inseparable, and their interplay is thought to have been needed for the evolution of complex gene regulatory systems.
Die Capabilities der jungen Erwachsenen in der Schweiz: Verteilung und Zusammenhänge mit Gesundheit.

Capabilities (CA), die Handlungschancen, seine Ziele erreichen zu können, rücken heute zunehmend in das Blickfeld der Bildungsund der Gesundheitsforschung. Gesellschaften werden immer stärker daran gemessen, welche realen Bedingungen und Möglichkeiten sie ihren Mitgliedern bieten, um Ziele wie eine gute Ausbildung und eine gesicherte Existenz zu erreichen, ein gesundes Leben zu leben oder vielfältige soziale Beziehungen pflegen zu können. Dementsprechend fokussiert der CA-Ansatz nicht auf die Ungleichheit an Ressourcen an sich, sondern auf die Ungleichheit an Handlungsoptionen. Diese Handlungsoptionen hängen in erste Linie von den materiellen und nicht-materiellen Ressourcen ab, die den Menschen je nach sozialer Lage zur Verfügung stehen. Besteht ein hinreichender «Grundstock» an Ressourcen, ist ein gewisses «Ressourcenniveau» gesichert, beeinflussen zusätzliche Ressourcen das Gesundheitsverhalten nur noch minimal. Dafür gewinnen dann Werthaltungen und gesellschaftliche Normen an Bedeutung (Abel & Schori, 2009, S. 53). Es kann angenommen werden, dass dies insbesondere für die Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen gilt, die ausreichend materielle Ressourcen mitbringen, um gesund zu sein, sich aber stark an Peergroups und/oder Subkulturen ausrichten und ggf. eher ungesunde Verhaltensweisen entwickeln (z.B. des Rauchens, s. Schori et al., 2014).
Pore-throat sizes in sandstones, tight sandstones, and shales

Pore-throat sizes in siliciclastic rocks form a continuum from the submillimeter to the nanometer scale. That continuum is documented in this article using previously published data on the pore and pore-throat sizes of conventional reservoir rocks, tight-gas sandstones, and shales. For measures of central tendency(mean,mode,median),pore-throatsizes(diameters) are generally greater than2 mm in conventionalreservoir rocks, range from about 2 to 0.03 mm in tight-gas sandstones, and rangefrom0.1to0. 005 mminshales.Hydrocarbonmolecules, asphaltenes, ring structures, paraffins, and methane, form another continuum, ranging from 100 A ˚ (0.01 mm) for asphaltenes to 3.8 A ˚ (0.00038 mm) for methane. The pore-throat size continuum provides a useful perspective for considering (1) the emplacement of petroleum in consolidated siliciclastics and (2) fluid flow through fine-grained source rocks now being exploited as reservoirs.
Mapping Survey Data into Agents’ Behavioral Rules for ABMs: Motivation and Challenges

Modeling land use change inevitably involves modeling of an individual behavior of land users in addition to modeling of spatial environment. The processes in the latter usually follow some physical laws. However, it is less straightforward for a modeler how to describe the process of human decision making (Berger and Schreinemachers 2006; Brown and Robinson 2006; Stites 2006). As it is observed by ABM-modelers, it is relatively easy to model the mechanical part of an ABM such as spatial environment, because their dynamics is described by a set of straightforward deterministic rules (with some uncertainty intervals sometimes). In contrast, for human-beings it is not possible to say exactly how they (i.e., we) make decisions. Theoretically, land use behavior is well formalized in economics. Farmers’ (von Thunen 1826 (reprinted in 1966)), households’ (Alonso 1964; Strazsheim 1987) and firms’ (Fujita and Thisse 2002) decision making with respect to land is fully based on the assumption of a rational maximization, equilibrium, and representative behavior. In reality people are boundedly rational, their behavior is often unrepresentative, they choose different strategies in the same situation, their decisions are biased by previous experiences and emotions, and people sometimes make irrational decisions. All these observed characteristics of human behavior make it difficult to use stylized theories of human decision making at the micro level. Thus, how people make decisions (e.g. about land use) remains a black box for a modeler. The only way to open it a little bit is to analyze real world micro level data. These data could probably be obtained either by observing a land-user decision-making in the controlled environment (for example in the setting of a role-playing game (Barreteau et al. 2001; Bousquet et al. 2005)), from interviews with stakeholders and during participatory workshops with them, or by gathering data in the form of surveys (Brown and Robinson 2006; Fernandez et al. 2005). During this workshop we would like to discuss challenges and open questions with respect to using survey data for feeding ABMs. No doubts that surveys provide very valuable data about micro level decision making. However, the following issues might arise here:
Experimental and Computational study of the Bed Dynamics of Semi - Cylindrical Gas - Solid Fluidized Bed

With computational fluid dynamics (CFD) it is possible to get a detailed view of the flow behaviour of the fluidized beds. A profound and fundamental understanding of bed dynamics such as bed pressure drop, bed expansion ratio, bed fluctuation ratio, and minimum fluidization velocity of homogeneous binary mixtures has been made in a semi-cylindrical fluidized column for gas–solid systems, resulting in a predictive model for fluidized beds. In the present work attempt has been made to study the effect of different system parameters (viz., size and density of the bed materials and initial static bed height) on the bed dynamics. The correlations for the bed expansion and bed fluctuations have been developed on the basis of dimensional analysis using these system parameters. Computational study has also been carried out using a commercial CFD package Fluent (Fluent, Inc.). A multifluid Eulerian model incorporating the kinetic theory for solid particles was applied in order to simulate the gas–solid flow. CFD simulated bed pressure drop has been compared with the experimental bed pressure drops under different conditions for which the results show good agreements. La simulation par ordinateur de la dynamique des fluides (CFD) permet de decrire le comportement des ecoulements dans les lits fluidises. Une etude fondamentale et approfondie de la dynamique de lit, tels la perte de charge de lit, le taux d'expansion de lit, le taux de fluctuation de lit et la vitesse de fluidisation minimale de melanges binaires homogenes, a ete realisee dans une colonne fluidisee semi-cylindrique pour des systemes solides de gaz, permettant d'obtenir un modele predictif pour les lits fluidises. Dans le present travail, on a tente d'etudier l'effet de differents parametres de systeme (a savoir, la taille et la masse volumique des materiaux de lit et la hauteur statique initiale de lit) sur la dynamique de lit. Des correlations ont ete etablies pour l'expansion de lit et les fluctuations de lit en s'appuyant sur l'analyse dimensionnelle de ces parametres de systeme. Une etude par ordinateur a egalement ete menee a l'aide du logiciel commercial de CFD Fluent (Fluent, Inc.). Un modele eulerien multifluide faisant appel a la theorie cinetique pour les particules solides a ete utilise afin de simuler l'ecoulement gaz-solides. La perte de charge de lit simulee par la CFD a ete comparee a la perte de charge de lit experimentale dans differentes conditions et les resultats montrent un bon accord.
Supply chain process readiness for rapid product development

FOR THESIS University of Oulu Faculty of Technology Degree Programme (Bachelor's Thesis, Master’s Thesis) Major Subject (Licentiate Thesis) Master's Programme in Product Management Author Thesis Supervisors Siddique ,Abduraheem Haapasalo H, Professor, Tolonen A, Dr. Title of Thesis Supply chain process readiness for Rapid Product Development Major Subject Type of Thesis Submission Date Number of Pages Industrial Engineering and Management Master thesis September 2016 95p. ,5App
Adaptive Tuning Functions Tracking Control with Nonlinear Adaptive Observers

Abstract The paper is dedicated to the derivation of a unified approach for nonlinear adaptive closed loop system design with nonlinear adaptive state and parameter observers combined with tuning functions-based nonlinear adaptive control for trajectory tracking. The proposed approach guarantees asymptotic stability of the closed loop nonlinear adaptive system with respect to the tracking and state estimation errors and Lyapunov stability of the parameter estimator. The advantages of the approach are the lack of over-parametrization, resulting in a minimal number of estimator equations and the preservation of the overdamped performance specifications of the closed loop nonlinear adaptive system in its whole range of operation. The application of the approach to a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven inverted pendulum concludes with simulation of the closed loop nonlinear adaptive system time responses.
Effects of a Transactional Analysis Program on Adolescents' Emotion Regulation

Most adolescents are susceptible to exhibit emotional disorders due to rapid changes that occur during adolescence (Rudolph, 2002). To cope with such an issue, it is required to apply intervention programs in order to develop their competencies (Viner et al., 2012). In this study, the effect of transactional analysis on emotion regulation of 10th-grade female high school students has been examined by utilizing a quasi-experimental research (pre-test, post-test, and a control group design). Two classes have been chosen by cluster sampling and randomly assigned as the experimental and control groups. The Regulation of Emotion Questionnaire (Phillips & power, 2007) was administrated. The transactional analysis program has been hold in eight sessions for the experimental group. Both groups were reexamined for follow-up a month later. The collected data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) indicates a significant increase in the functional emotion regulation strategies as well as a marked decrease in the dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies. The follow-up test also revealed an adequate stability. The implications of transactional analysis program will be discussed.
The Role of Universities in Economic Development of Russian Regions

This paper analyses the contribution of higher education institutions (HEI) in Russia to gross regional product (GRP) growth. We explore the relationship between higher education coverage and rates of economic growth based on longitudinal economic growth models which are pooled regression, fixed effects, and regression with simultaneous fixed and spatial effects. In addition to the influence of HEI on economic growth, the model specifications also allow an investigation of the relationship between the territory accessibility of higher education and GRP growth, and the significance of higher education in regions with different structures of GRP. The main policy outcome of the paper is that universities can be considered as fully-fledged economic agents which make positive contributions to GRP growth. The development of regional higher education systems would lead to a positive effect on regional economic development
Rheological properties and microscopic flows of suspensions of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae

A systematic study of the rheological properties of solutions of non-motile microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris CCAP 211-19) in a wide range of volume fractions is presented. As the volume fraction is gradually increased, several rheological regimes are observed. At low volume fraction the suspension display a Newtonian rheological behaviour. For intermediate values of volume fraction a shear thinning behaviour is observed. For the largest values of the volume fraction investigated, an apparent yield stress behaviour is observed. Increasing and decreasing stress ramps within this range of volume fraction indicate a thixotropic behaviour as well. To gain a deeper insight into the emergence of the shear thinning and yield stress regimes, the microscopic organisation of individual cells is observed simultaneously with the macroscopic rheological measurements. Thus, the emergence of the shear thinning behaviour is explained by the presence of flocs of individual cells and the yield stress behaviour is explained by the formation of large scale cell aggregates which behave like rigid plugs. A detailed characterisation of plane micro-channel flows of Chlorella suspensions with various volume fractions in a wide range of driving pressures drops reveals flow patterns consistent with the rheological regimes observed during the macroscopic rheological measurements. Mots clefs : microalgae ; rheology ; microfluidics
Dangers Associated with Commercial Motorcycle Transport Business: Implications for Adult Education in Nigeria

Commercial motorcycle transport business as a mode public transportation has been widely embraced by many in Nigeria due to its perceived benefits. Its perceived benefits include its flexibility in taking people to the last bit of their destinations, quick generation of money to meet basic life needs as well as its characteristic of cheap and easy maintenance. Despite these perceived benefits, the paper identifies dangers associated with it and sees it as unsustainable. The paper also identifies adult education programmes that are relevant for the correction of the anomaly of accepting its perceived benefits without due consideration of its dangers. The paper concludes that despite the perceived benefits of commercial motorcycle transport business, the dangers associated with it outweigh its benefits. It therefore recommends that serious attention and recognition from the government and the general public in all ramifications should be given to adult education in Nigeria. Keywords: commercial motorcycle, transportation, adult education
ON THE APPLICABILITY OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL CRUSTAL STRUCTURES FOR GROUND-MOTION SIMULATION

4SUMMARY Ground motion simulation methods, such as the finite-difference method (FDM) or the modal summation technique, require a model of the crustal structure through which the seismic waves pass in terms of density, velocity and attenuation parameters, such as Q. The use of such structural models within simulations means that travel path effects, such as the constructive interference of different phases, can be modelled. Currently one-, two- or three-dimensional models are used without much description of the benefits of using a particular dimension of model. Within FDMs, a 2D or 3D structure can be assumed without a significant increase in computational time. Onedimensional models have the advantage of yielding results that are easier to interpret in terms of phases and also they require only one set of simulations for all considered horizontal source and site locations. In addition, the method introduced by Douglas et al. (2004) for the incorporation of the effect of crustal structure into empirical ground motion estimation equations is only practical for one-dimensional structures. The purpose of this article is to investigate when two-dimensional structures provide significantly different results than using an average one-dimensional model. The difference between the 2D and the derived 1D structure is quantified by a single parameter that seeks to characterise how twodimensional the structure is. The maximum size this parameter can be before a 2D structure is required for accurate modelling of ground motions is assessed based on a series of FDM simulations. The purpose of this proposed technique is to provide guidance as to when 2D structures should be used or when 1D structures are sufficient, without the requirement to performing many simulations.
A Role of Internet in Development of Students’ Competencies

Although there exists a strong possibility for many inventions to be used inappropriately, individuals still need to think of ways how to overcome this setback and use inventions in the best possible manner. The Internet is one such tool, for instance, which offers various types of challenges, both positive and negative. It might be very useful, but also harmful. In this text, we consider how the Internet tools are used to develop certain competencies in students, such as problem solving, critical way of thinking, spatial abilities, as well as soft skills. We present some achievements arrived at by working with students of bachelor, master and doctoral studies levels at the University of Belgrade and the State University of Novi Pazar.