Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between vertical and horizontal force-velocity-power profiles in netball players

Netball is a collective sport characterized by intermittent high-intensity actions. Therefore, the players must develop high levels of relative bilateral and unilateral strength and power for both improve performance and also reduce injury risk. The purpose of this study was (i) to provide a reference about the mechanical outputs obtained in the vertical (jumping) and horizontal force-velocity-power (FVP) profile and (ii) observe their relationship, besides the performance in jumping and sprinting in amateur female netball players (age = 24.3 ± 3.2 years, BM = 64.5 ± 5 Kg, height = 172.5 ± 6.2 cm). The variables for both FVP profiles (theoretical maximal force ( F 0 ), theoretical maximal velocity (V 0 ) and theoretical maximal power output ( P max )) were measured with two scientifically validated apps for iOS (My Jump 2 and My Sprint). Our results in regards to the vertical FVP suggest that netball players have low force deficit (36.2 ± 14.6%) and individualized training based on F-V profiling could be beneficial to address their deficit. The moderate correlations found for performance, V 0 and P max suggest that the improvement in one of the skills (jumping or sprinting) may produce some positive adaptation to the other. However, no association was found in the force production ( F 0 ) of the lower limbs for both FVP. Therefore, we recommend that netball players must train specifically ballistic actions in the vertical (jumping) and horizontal direction (sprinting) due to the specificity of both skills and the consequent impact of them on netball performance.
Uniformity, Economy, and Simplicity in Minimalism

The researchers in the domain of language and linguistics have had great efforts in different aspects of principles and parameters which were the results of over thirty years of research in generative grammar (Boeckx, 2006). These efforts later resulted in the emergence of minimalism. The effect of this notion on language learning/acquisition has been a concern for years. As confirmed by Yang & Roeper (2010) Minimalist approach to the language faculty in a broad context of cognition and evolution has led to new conceptions of learning, which may provide a more complete explanation of child language acquisition. The simpler and the more uniform the syntactic rules of language, the easier it would be to learn or acquire. This paper focuses on the issues related to syntax which changes due to what minimalism brought about. It provides evidence to show how different factors like simplicity, uniformity, economy can facilitate language acquisition.
Multisensory evidence

It is tempting to think that one’s perceptual evidence comprises just what issues from perceiving with each of the respective sensory modalities. However, empirical, rational, and phenomenological considerations show that one’s perceptual evidence can outstrip what one possesses due to perceiving with each separate sense. Some novel perceptual evidence stems from the coordinated use of multiple senses. This paper argues that some perceptual evidence in this respect is distinctively multisensory.
Systematic Software Testing of Critical Embedded Digital Devices in Nuclear Power Applications

While design assurance and testing methods for safety-critical systems have been widely researched and studied for years across a number of industry domains, there are few efforts reported in the literature on the actual application of software testing methods to nuclear power digital I&C systems or devices. We see this as a gap in the knowledge basis. The motivation for this research was to investigate the efficacy and challenges that arise when planning, automating and conducting systematic software testing on actual real-time embedded digital devices. In this paper, we present results on the application of a systematic testing methodology called Pseudo-Exhaustive testing. The systematic testing methods were applied at the unit and module integration levels of the software. The findings suggest that Pseudo Exhaustive testing supported by automated testing technology is an effective approach to testing real-time embedded digital devices in critical nuclear applications.
Population parameters and philopatry of breeding female wood ducks

Capture-recapture methods were used to estimate population size, survival rate, and recruitment to a breeding population of female wood ducks (Aix sponsa) in 1979-86. A total of 181 females was captured in nest boxes and banded during the 8-year period. Population size averaged 44 individuals. Mean annual survival rate was 0.55, and annual recruitment averaged 22 females. Data were used to illustrate the philopatric behavior of female wood ducks during the breeding season. J. WILDL. MANAGE. 51(2):401-404 Estimation of waterfowl survival rates has been improved by developing and using a series of models for analyzing band-recovery data (Brownie et al. 1978). Studies using these analytical methods have examined the relationship between survival and harvest rate (reviewed in Nichols et al. [1985]), population density (Anderson 1975, Conroy and Eberhardt 1983), and habitat conditions on breeding (Nichols et al. 1982) and wintering (Nichols and Hines, in press) areas. Capture-recapture methods allow estimation of population size and recruitment as well as survival, but are used infrequently to study avian population dynamics (Nichols et al. 1981, Pollock 1981). Open population models that allow gains and/or losses to occur between sampling periods seem particularly well-suited for long-term studies of waterfowl populations (Anderson and Sterling 1974, Sulzbach and Cooke 1979). In this paper we use 8 years of capture-recapture data from a breeding population of female wood ducks to estimate population size, recruitment, and survival and to determine whether wood duck hens are philopatric. We thank J. D. Nichols and J. E. Hines for helping with data analysis. J. D. Nichols provided an especially helpful review of an early draft of the paper. We also are grateful to the many people who helped in various ways durIPresent address: Indiana Department of Natural Resources, R.R. 4, Box 47, Peru, IN 46970. This content downloaded from 157.55. 39.238 on Sat, 02 Jul 2016 05:33:15 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor. org/terms 402 WOOD DUCK HEN SURVIVAL * Hepp et al. J. Wildl. Manage. 51(2):1987 ing the study, particularly L. D. Vangilder. This study was supported by a U.S. Dep. Energy Contract, DE-AC09-76SR00-819, with the Univ. Georgia (SREL).
The Advent of Tightly Synchronized Clocks in Distributed Systems

1. Time in distributed systems The last decade has brought a paradigm shift in computing systems from single processor devices — whose performance plateaued — to distributed computing systems. In distributed systems, nodes execute concurrently with limited information about what the other nodes are executing at the moment. Thus, a fundamental problem in distributed systems is to coordinate the execution of these independent nodes effectively to achieve performance while preserving correctness.
CHANGES IN EQUILIBRIUM LINE ALTITUDE OF GLACIER SYSTEMS IN NORTHEASTERN SIBERIA FOR THE LATE 20thEARLY 21st CENTURIES

Changes in the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) of glacier systems have been studied in the Suntar-Khayata, Chersky and Orulgan mountains, as well as over the whole territory of Northeastern Siberia, for three periods of time: 1930–1960, 1961–1990 and 1991–2012. Northeastern Siberia has undergone warming in the 21st century which became more rapid than in the previous fi fty years. Records at most weather stations show increasing trends in mean annual and summer air temperatures and in total atmospheric precipitation but a decreasing trend in solid precipitation. The climate change leads to a rise of glacier ELA almost all over Northeastern Siberia and to an increase in ablation which is in balance with accumulation at this altitude. The ELA rise was from 100 to 450 mm, 200 ± 50 m on average, while the ablation (accumulation) increase was 50 to 250 mm in diff erent periods. The glacier parameters inferred from climatic data are background values, which provide a general idea of current and potential changes in glacier systems in this poorly studied region.
A Toolkit for Teachers and Learners, Parents, Carers and Support Staff: Improving Mathematical Safeguarding and Building Resilience to Increase Effectiveness of Teaching and Learning Mathematics

Mathematics anxiety is a longstanding, prevalent, global problem, and the scholarly literature demonstrates that it has significant consequences for both individuals and wider society. However, to date, there has been no simple, comprehensive, practical approach available to teachers, support staff, parents/carers and learners to address the issue. In this paper, previous work and existing approaches to addressing mathematics anxiety are reviewed; underlying concepts are examined, such as psychological safeguarding in the context of mathematics education and the distinction between the learner’s psychological states of challenge and threat. Agency is important for the well-being of learners and those who support them; an argument is made for an original approach to improving mathematical safeguarding and building mathematical resilience that involves increasing agency. This new approach brings three recognisable tools into a toolkit designed to be accessible to teachers, learners, parents/carers and support staff. The three tools are all individually well-established in specialised practice; they are: the hand model of the brain; the relaxation response and the growth zone model. It is argued that these tools are particularly well suited to addressing mathematics anxiety, that they are complementary and that together they form an effective and accessible toolkit. Details from small-scale studies are shared and it is concluded that this approach warrants further research to properly establish efficacy.
The Prevalence of Insomnia, Sleep Hygiene and Gender Differences among College Students in Southwest China

Insomnia is more frequent in women than in men throughout all age groups. Thus, insomnia resembles other psychiatric disorders that occur more frequently in women. As insomnia is frequently a symptom of anxiety and depression, it remains an open question whether the comorbidity with psychiatric disorders fully explains the gender differences in the prevalence of insomnia or whether gender influences sleep independently from psychiatric conditions. Sleep complaints are prevalent among college students and they frequently report difficulties falling asleep, daytime hyper somnolence, and fatigue. The study looked into gender differences, sleep hygiene behaviors and their associations with prevalence of insomnia severity of college students (N=302; Male; 174 (57.6%) Female; 128 (42.4%) from five universities 18-38 years (M=2.42, SD=1.26) in Southwest China. College students reported insomnia; (M=11.79, SD=6.58), a sub-threshold insomnia and sleep hygiene (M=37.87, SD=8.43) indicating slight bad sleeping hygiene. Pearson correlations (insomnia and sleep hygiene (r 0.44, p=.01) were significant and positively inter-correlated. College students reported frequent engagement in inconsistent sleep-wake schedules, lounging and worrying about important matters on the bed. Improper sleep scheduling, behaviors that promote arousal near bedtime, staying longer in bed, using bed other than sleeping or sex and uncomfortable sleeping environments were positively associated with cross-sectional insomnia severity. We recommend college students in Southwest China to maintain sleepwake patterns, avoid: devices such as mobile phones, laptops and tablets when about to sleep; drinking caffeinated drinks after lunch and binge sleeping during weekends.
Title : Structured testing during seizures : A practical guide for assessing and interpreting ictal and postictal signs during video EEG long term monitoring

Background: Ictal and postictal testing carried out in long-term epilepsy monitoring units is often sub-optimal. Recently, a European consensus protocol for testing patients during and after seizures was developed by a joint taskforce of the International League Against Epilepsy – Commission on European Affairs and the European Epilepsy Monitoring Unit Association. Aim: Using this recently developed standardised assessment battery as a framework, the goal of this narrative review is to outline the proposed testing procedure in detail and explain the rationale for each individual component, focusing on the underlying neurobiology. This is intended to serve as an educational resource for staff working in epilepsy monitoring units. Methods: A literature review of PubMed was performed; using the search terms “seizure”, “ictal”, “postictal”, “testing”, “examination”, and “interview”. Relevant literature was reviewed and relevant references were chosen. The work is presented as a narrative review. Results: The proposed standardised assessment battery provides a comprehensive and user-friendly format for ictal-postictal testing, and examines consciousness, language, motor, sensory, and visual function. Conclusion: The standardised approach proposed has the potential to make full use of data recorded during video EEG increasing the diagnostic yield with regards to lateralisation and localisation, aiding both presurgical and diagnostic studies.
ON THE TOTAL RECOMBINATION BETWEEN COOLING ELECTRONS AND REAVY IONS

During the process of electron cooling of heavy-ion beams, cooling electrons may recombine with ions, leading to a change of their charge state. Obviously, it is important to know the rates for these recombination processes, because they determine to a large extent the total loss of stored ions per second. The loss becomes critical if the total recombination rate becomes comparable to the cooling rate. Investigations of recombination processes in laboratory and astrophysical plasmas can serve as a guideline in estimating the required rate coefficient. However, these studies have been almost exclusively limited to hydrogenic plasmas, and it is not obvious how these results can be applied to heavy ions of both high nuclear and ionic charge. In the present paper a model is developed that allows an easy estimate of the total recombination-rate coefficient a' and of its physical constituents for various values of the relevant parameters, such as electron density ne and electron temperature T, and for all values of the nuclear charge Z. For simplicity, we consider only the recombination between electrons and cold bare heavy ions, which generally is a complicated sequence of events. If nand n' denote the principal quantum numbers of the ionic levels concerned, and A +z a bare ion, then these events may be classified as radiative electron capture (REC)
Interactive comment on “Multi-source SO 2 emissions retrievals and consistency of satellite and surface measurements with reported emissions” by Vitali Fioletov et al.

The study links SO2 emissions as well as surface measurements to column measurements from satellite by a simple dispersion model. While previous studies on this topic focus on individual point sources, this study uses a generalized model function which allows to derive emission estimates for a list of sources (even close to each other) at once. By establishing the link between emissions and columns, even "reconstructed" SO2 columns were generated for the time before actual satellite measurements are available.
Mitochondrial substrate specificity in beetle flight muscle: assessing respiratory oxygen flux in small samples from Dermestes maculatus and Tenebrio molitor

In the present study, the permeabilized fibre approach is adapted to investigate substrate utilization patterns in the flight muscle mitochondria of Dermestes maculatus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae; a carrion scavenger beetle) and Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae; a phytophagous scavenger beetle). Respiration in saponin‐permeabilized fibres is measured during titration of palmitoyl‐carnitine (Palm‐C), pyruvate (Pyr) or l‐glycerol 3‐phosphate (G3‐P). Michaelis–Menten‐type enzyme kinetics for oxygen consumption are observed as a function of substrate concentration in Pyr and G3‐P, from which substrate‐specific apparent Km (sensitivity) and Vmax (capacity) are determined. Compared with D. maculatus, the apparent Km in T. molitor is lower (P < 0.001) for Pyr, and Vmax is greater for G3‐P (P < 0.001). In D. maculatus, the apparent Km for G3‐P is greater (P < 0.001), and respiratory Vmax is lower (P < 0.001), than kinetics for Pyr. Robust respiration with l‐proline (Pro) is also observed in both beetle species tested; however, it is over 2.5‐fold greater in D. maculatus than T. molitor (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that respiration in beetle flight muscle mitochondria can be assessed in small samples (i.e. at the individual beetle level) using the approach adapted for the present study. The results of the present study also highlight the substrate oxidative capacity patterns in both D. maculatus and T. molitor, which rank Palm‐C < G3‐P < Pyr < Pro.
Reposing Humans by Warping 3D Features (Supplementary Material)

Many related works use the Inception score (IS) [3], as a metric for person reposing. IS was proposed to evaluate unconditioned GANs, i.e., GANs which are supposed to generate a diverse dataset like ImageNet [2] based on random inputs. Two aspects are combined: realism of single generated images and variability of a large set of generated images. Generated images are passed through the Inception network [5], a single realistic image x should be confidently assigned to a single class, so the assigned label distribution p(y|x) has a single high activation. In contrast, multiple generated images should belong to different classes, thus p(y) is rather uniform. IS compares these distributions using the Kullback-Leibler divergence, which means that the score is high, if the distributions are dissimilar. For human reposing only a single output class exists, such that for a perfect generator both p(y) and p(y|x) are the same, because the Inception network always assigns the label “human”. This issue invalidates the Inception Score as a metric for person reposing.
Hereditary Apert Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review

Apert syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the FGFR2 gene, and which is part of a suite of syndromes characterized by craniosynostosis or premature fusion of the cranial coronal sutures. Inheritance is autosomal dominant, although the syndrome generally occurs as a result of a de novo mutation. Patients with Apert syndrome have acrocephaly frequently associated with central nervous system disorders and symmetric syndactyly in their hands and feet. A suspected diagnosis is often based on second trimester ultrasonographic images, although the definitive diagnosis requires genetic testing to identify the mutation. We discuss a case of hereditary Apert syndrome, its etiology, clinical characteristics and modes of intrauterine diagnosis.
Modification of municipal wastewater for improved biogas recovery

The energy demand, which is expected to increase more worldwide, has sparked the interest of researchers to find sustainable and inexpensive sources of energy. This study aims to integrate an energy recovering step into municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPS) through anaerobic digestion. The anaerobic digestion of municipal wastewater (MWW), and then co-digestion with sugar cane molasses (SCM) to improve its organic content, was conducted at 25 °C and 37 °C. The results showed a substrate mixture containing 6% of SCM and total solids (TS) of 7.52% yielded a higher amount of biogas (9.73 L/L of modified substrate). However, chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the resulting digestate was high (10.1 g/L) and pH was not stable, and hence needed careful adjustment using 2 M of NaOH solution. This study recommends a substrate mixture containing SCM (2%) and TS (4.34%) having biogas production (4.97 L/L of modified substrate) for energy recovery from MWWTPS, since it was found to have more stable pH and low COD residue (1.8 g/L), which will not hold back the MWW treatment process. The annual generation of modified substrate (662,973 m3) is anticipated to generate about 16,241 m3 of methane, which produces up to 1.8 GWh and 8,193 GJ per annum.
A metric for evaluating the ability of the RZWQM model to project the impact of climate change

Making projections with models is always difficult and climate change poses a particularly challenging problem for biophysical models which tend to be over-parameterized and have poor predictive power when extrapolations are beyond the range of the calibration. It is common practice to assume that if a calibrated model replicates observations reasonably well, predictions under other conditions will also be reasonably good. Unfortunately, this assumption is not always correct, as we show for prediction of nitrate loss from a tile-drained, corn-soybean experiment in Northern Iowa. The RZWQM is a biophysical process model that simulates plant growth and movement of water and nutrients in agricultural systems. Using experimental data over 12 years, we investigated the robustness of RZWQM predictions of crop yield, subsurface drainage flow, and nitrate-N loss of multiple model calibrations using the PEST parameter estimation software. Model prediction robustness was found to be related to the range of soil moisture conditions in the calibration data. Calibration data representing a particular range of Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) allow a calibration able to predict performance in years exhibiting a similar range of PDSI. We found that the addition of a single year’s data identified by PDSI to a five-year calibration improved Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE) from -0.22 to 0.7 and achieved nearly all of the improvement possible using all available observations. The range of PDSI was found to be a suitable measure of the information content of hydrologic calibration data for RZWQM and useful in assessing the range of robust prediction. Modelers must use extreme caution when making projections for conditions beyond the range of available calibration data. Indicators of model projection robustness are necessary to build confidence in extrapolations under a changing climate. We propose and demonstrate the PDSI as an robustness indicator for projections of the movement of water in biophysical models.
Distribution, identity and activity of symbiotic bacteria in anoxic aggregates from the hindgut of the sea urchin echinocardium cordatum

Abstract Complex, anoxic aggregates of refractory organic matter and bacterial consortia are permanently present in the intestinal caecum of the spatangoid sea urchin Echinocardium cordatum. This study documents the presence of sulphate-reducing bacteria and sulphur cycling in the aggregates using microsensors and 35S-radiotracers. The aggregates were covered by protruding filamentous bacteria, identified by fluorescence in situ hybridisation to be sulphate-reducing bacteria belonging to the genus Desulfonema. The filamentous bacteria did not contain sulphur globules, but only lipid droplets. There were no filamentous bacteria present belonging to the γ-proteobacteria. The majority of the filamentous bacteria inside the aggregates also belonged to the genus Desulfonema. The volume specific oxygen respiration of the aggregates was about 16 times higher than the respiration of coastal sediments. Sulphate reduction occurred exclusively in the aggregates, and gross sulphate reduction rate was up to 180 times higher than in coastal sediments. Large amounts of FeS were present in the aggregates and about 80% of the reduced S precipitated with Fe2+ in the anoxic part of the aggregates. Thus iron is important in buffering H2S in the gut system of the sea urchin.