Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protein Kinase C-θ Phosphorylation of Moesin in the Actin-binding Sequence*

Moesin, a member of the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) family of membrane/cytoskeletal linkage proteins, is known to be threonine-phosphorylated at Thr558 in activated platelets within its conserved putative actin-binding domain. The pathway leading to this phosphorylation step and its control have not been previously elucidated. We have detected and characterized reactions leading to moesin phosphorylation in human leukocyte extracts. In vitro phosphorylation of endogenous moesin, which was identified by peptide microsequencing, was dependent on phosphatidylglycerol (PG) or to a lesser extent, phosphatidylinositol (PI), but not phosphatidylserine (PS) and diacylglycerol (DAG). Analysis of charge shifts, phosphoamino acid analysis, and stoichiometry was consistent with a single phosphorylation site. By using mass spectroscopy and direct microsequencing of CNBr fragments of phospho-moesin, the phosphorylation site was identified as KYKT*LRQIR (where * indicates the phosphorylation site) (Thr558), which is conserved in the ERM family. Recombinant moesin demonstrated similar in vitro phospholipid-dependent phosphorylation compared with the endogenous protein. The phosphorylation site sequence of moesin displays a high degree of conservation with the pseudosubstrate sequences of the protein kinase C (PKC) family. We identified the kinase activity as PKC-θ on the basis of immunodepletion of the moesin kinase activity and copurification of PKC-θ with the enzymic activity. We further demonstrate that PKC-θ displays a preference for PG vesicles over PI or PS/DAG, with minimal activation by DAG, as well as specificity for moesin compared with myelin basic protein, histone H1, or other cellular proteins. Expression of a human His6-tagged PKC-θ in Jurkat cells and purification by Ni2+ chelate chromatography yield an active enzyme that phosphorylates moesin. PG vesicle binding experiments with expressed PKC-θ and moesin demonstrate that both bind to vesicles independently of one another. Thus, PKC-θ is identified as a major kinase within cells with specificity for moesin and with activation under non-classical PKC conditions. It appears likely that this activity corresponds to a specific intracellular pathway controlling the function of moesin as well as other ERM proteins.
Data Encryption and Decryption by Using Triple DES and Performance Analysis of Crypto System

: This paper contains a technique for secret communication using cryptography. It is a technique which is used to protect the important data. The secret message is encrypted by a block cipher based on two cryptographic algorithms, the Data Encryption Standard (DES) and the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA) which may be used by Federal organizations to protect sensitive data. This algorithm uniquely defines the mathematical steps required to transform data into a cryptographic cipher and also to transforms the cipher back to the original form with block length of 128 bits and key length of 256 bits. This paper provides a performance comparison between the most common encryption algorithms: DES, 3DES, AES and Blowfish.
Characterization of GATA3 Mutations in the Hypoparathyroidism, Deafness, and Renal Dysplasia (HDR) Syndrome*

The hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations of the dual zinc finger transcription factor, GATA3. The C-terminal zinc finger (ZnF2) binds DNA, whereas the N-terminal finger (ZnF1) stabilizes this DNA binding and interacts with other zinc finger proteins, such as the Friends of GATA (FOG). We have investigated seven HDR probands and their families for GATA3 abnormalities and have identified two nonsense mutations (Glu-228 → Stop and Arg-367 → Stop); two intragenic deletions that result in frameshifts from codons 201 and 355 with premature terminations at codons 205 and 370, respectively; one acceptor splice site mutation that leads to a frameshift from codon 351 and a premature termination at codon 367; and two missense mutations (Cys-318 → Arg and Asn-320 → Lys). The functional effects of these mutations, together with a previously reported GATA3 ZnF1 mutation and seven other engineered ZnF1 mutations, were assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift, dissociation, yeast two-hybrid and glutathione S-transferase pull-down assays. Mutations involving GATA3 ZnF2 or adjacent basic amino acids resulted in a loss of DNA binding, but those of ZnF1 either lead to a loss of interaction with specific FOG2 ZnFs or altered DNA-binding affinity. These findings are consistent with the proposed three-dimensional model of ZnF1, which has separate DNA and protein binding surfaces. Thus, our results, which expand the spectrum of HDR-associated GATA3 mutations and report the first acceptor splice site mutation, help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that alter the function of this zinc finger transcription factor and its role in causing this developmental anomaly.
A Case Study for Blockchain in Healthcare : “ MedRec ” prototype for electronic health records and medical research data

A long-standing focus on compliance has traditionally constrained development of fundamental design changes for Electronic Health Records (EHRs). We now face a critical need for such innovation, as personalization and data science prompt patients to engage in the details of their healthcare and restore agency over their medical data. In this paper, we propose MedRec: a novel, decentralized record management system to handle EHRs, using blockchain technology. Our system gives patients a comprehensive, immutable log and easy access to their medical information across providers and treatment sites. Leveraging unique blockchain
Language cognition: comments on Ambridge, Kidd, Rowland, and Theakston ‘The ubiquity of frequency effects in first language acquisition’

Ambridge, Kidd, Rowland, and Theakston (this issue) review child language research and show how frequency effects pervade the acquisition of lexis, morphology, and syntax. They argue therefore that any successful account of language acquisition, from whatever theoretical standpoint, must be frequency sensitive to the extent that it can explain these effects. The same conclusion follows from sixty years of psycholinguistic research into the fluent language processing that culminates from acquisition: language processing is exquisitely sensitive to usage frequency at all levels of representation: phonology and phonotactics, reading, spelling, lexis, morphosyntax, formulaic language, language comprehension, grammaticality, sentence production, and syntax (Ellis, ). If language processing is sensitive to frequency of experience, it follows that experiences of language processing each individually affect the system. Acquisition is usage-based. The ubiquity of frequency effects across all domains of child language leads Ambridge et al., to favor accounts of language acquisition which have as their core learning mechanism the storage and reuse of strings from the input. Exemplar-based cognitive theories of this type are common in explaining schematization and categorization across cognitive domains, and they generate the observed frequency effects for free. Thus the evidence of frequency effects links language to general cognition. Research in language acquisition has long grappled with whether language is special, with its own cognitive underpinnings apart from other domains, or subject to broadly the same learning mechanisms and cognitive constraints as the rest of our knowledge and behavior. The answer may lie somewhere between, and may be approached from either direction. We take the view that it is parsimonious to begin with the latter and determine exactly what might be learnable of language by general cognitive means, and frequency effects have been integral to research in this vein. But let us not leave it there. As Ambridge et al., make clear, many other factors interact with frequency in language learning. There are many hallmarks of general mechanisms of learning that show themselves across cognitive contents and domains. Let us broaden the enquiry to look out for these other ‘usual suspects’ too. The more we observe, the stronger the J. Child Lang.  (), –. © Cambridge University Press  doi:. /S
WAGE INEQUALITY AND INNOVATIVE INTELLIGENCE-BIASED TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE

In this paper, “innovative intelligence–biased technological change” (IIBTC) is examined as an alternative to the traditional concept of skill-biased technological change (SBTC) as a source of increases in wage inequality. The innovative intelligence of ordinary or average workers is an important element in productivity and can be heterogeneous across workers. Because technologies are heterogeneous in that they have different characteristics and are used in different situations, some technologies are “innovative intelligence-biased” and are advantageous for workers with relatively high innovative intelligence. If IIBTC prevails over a certain period of time, these workers become additionally advantaged and thereby wage inequality will increase during the period.
Evaluation of pre- and postoperative corrected QT dispersion predicting the development of arrhythmias in children undergoing congenital heart surgery Doğuştan kalp cerrahisi yapilan çocuklarda aritmi gelişiminin öngörüsünde ameliyat öncesi ve sonrasi düzeltilmiş QT dispersiyonunun değerlendirilmesi

Amac: Calismada dogustan kalp cerrahisi yapilan cocuklarda ameliyat oncesi ve sonrasi QTc dispersiyonu degiskenligi degerlendirildi. Ca­lis­ma­pla­ni:­Ekim 2006 Mart 2011 tarihleri arasinda dogustan kalp cerrahisi yapilan ve ilk dahil edilme kriterlerini karsilayan ardisik 279 hasta (144 kadin, 135 erkek; ort. yas 56.6±5.0 ay; dagilim 15 gun-17 yas) calismaya alindi. QTc dispersiyon olcumleri, hastalardan ameliyat oncesi (bir ay) ve ameliyat sonrasi (bir hafta) donemde elde edilen standart 12 derivasyonlu istirahat elektrokardiyogramlarindan hesaplandi. Bul gu lar: Kardiyak cerrahi yapilan tum hastalarin %75.9’unda QTc dispersiyonu, ameliyat sonrasi ameliyat oncesinden istatistiksel olarak yuksek bulundu (p<0.001). Calisma grubunda en sik tespit edilen dogustan kalp hastaliklari ventrikuler septal defekt (VSD) (%36.9) ve sekundum atriyal septal defekt (ASD) (%18.2) idi. Ventrikuler septal defekt, atriyoventrikuler septal defekt, Fallot tetrolojisi (TOF) ve sekundum ASD onarimlari QTc dispersiyonundaki artis icin major risk faktorleriydi. Ancak, VSD ile pulmoner stenoz onarimi, koarktasyonda aortun uc uca anostomozu, patent duktus arteriozus ligasyonu ve divizyonu, pulmoner bant ve Glenn proseduru yapilan cocuklarda ameliyat oncesi ve sonrasi QTc dispersiyonlari arasinda istatistiksel fark bulunmadi. Yapilan kardiyak ameliyatin tipine gore ortaya cikan aritmiler, uzun QTc dispersiyonu olan grupta, olmayanlara kiyasla, istatistiksel olarak yuksekti. So­nuc:­ QTc dispersiyonu olcumu aritmilerin arastirilmasinda kullanisli ve invaziv olmayan bir elektrokardiyografik testtir. Calisma sonuclari, QTc dispersiyonunun ameliyat sonrasi donemde kullaniminin ortaya cikacak aritmilerin ongorusunde yardimci olabilecegini gostermektedir.
The oxygen saturation in retinal vessels from diabetic patients depends on the severity and type of vision‐threatening retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is characterized by morphological lesions in the retina secondary to disturbances in retinal blood flow which may influence the supply of oxygen to the retinal metabolism. Using retinal oximetry, it has been shown that the oxygen saturation is increased in retinal arterioles and venules from diabetic patients with retinopathy, but oxygenation before the development of retinopathy and possible differences in retinal oxygenation between diabetic maculopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients have not been evaluated.
Proposing a classification model for perceptual target selection on large displays

In this research, we propose a linear SVM classification model for perceptual distal target selection on large displays. The model is based on two simple features of users' finger movements reflecting users' visual perception of targets. The model shows the accuracy of 92.78% for predicting an intended target at end point.
Excretion of 11‐17 dioxoandrostanes in the urine of cynomolgus monkeys–why is the possible influence of urine volume ignored?

I read with great interest the article of Paramastri et al. [14] who investigated the excretion of urinary cortisol and 11–17 dioxoandrostanes (11,17-DOA) with urine of metabolic cage-housed female cynomolgus monkeys. They considered, similar with other recent studies [2, 15], the urinary excretion of 11,17-DOA as an index of the secretory activity of the adrenal gland. However, a shortcoming of their investigation is that Paramastri et al. [14] ignored the possible influence of variation in urine volume on steroid excretion, irrespective of the well-documented correlation between 17-ketosteroid excretion and urine volume (Table 1). Note that the term ‘17-ketosteroids’ comprises 11,17DOA as well as androsterone, epiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and 11-ketoand 11b-hydroxyandrosterone. Thus, it may be concluded that urinary excretion of 11,17-DOA, of related 17-ketosteroids or of cortisol/ cortisone (for discusssion, see ref. [6]) should be investigated only if investigators consider urine volume an important pre-analytical parameter. If observance of this advice is problematic (e.g. in animal studies), alternate methods, such as measurement of cortisol in the saliva, need to be used to study whether repeated blood sampling stresses metabolic cage-housed monkeys.
Closed-loop wheel-acceleration control based on an extended braking stiffness observer

In the context of hybrid anti-lock brake systems (ABS), we provide a closed-loop wheel-acceleration controller based on the observation of the extended braking stiffness (XBS). Its objective is to improve the system's robustness with respect to changes in the environment (as changes in road conditions, brake properties, etc.). In our design, we take advantage of Burckhardt's tyre model, in order to obtain a wheel acceleration dynamics that is linear up to time-scaling. The XBS is one of the state variables of this model. Our main result is an observer that estimates this unmeasured variable. The observer's convergence analysis is established using tools for switched linear systems that allow us to ensure its uniform exponential stability (provided that a dwell-time condition is satisfied). Our simulation results confirm the convergence properties predicted by our main theorem.
Generalized Plane Solution for Monoclinic Piezoelectric Laminates

An efficient method has been developed for analyzing the three-dimensional electromechanical deformations of a monoclinic piezoelectric laminate subjected to surface tractions and electric displacements on the top and bottom surfaces. The procedure combines the transfer matrix method with the asymptotic expansion technique. The electromechanical coupled formulation is reduced to a hierarchy of problems referred to as a reference plane. A closed-form solution is obtained for the generalized plane deformations of a piezoelectric laminate with the top and bottom surfaces subjected to uniform electric displacements and mechanical normal tractions and edges at the midplane rigidly clamped and grounded. The closed-form solution is ohtained because the asymptotic expansion terminates after a few terms. For some loadings the in-plane electric fields can be much larger than the out-of-plane electric fields.
Evidence of direct connection of corticobulbar fibers to orofacial muscles in man: Electromyographic study of individual motor unit responses

We studied corticobulbar influence on the orbicularis oris (OR) muscles by anodal and magnetic transcranial stimulation and compared it to the corticospinal influence on first dorsal interosseous muscles of healthy human volunteers. We recorded single motor unit (MU) responses and applied peristimulus time histogram (PSTH) technique to determine their properties. Peaks in the PSTHs are assumed to coincide with multiple excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) induced at the motoneurons by corticospinal input. We found relatively small latency variation of consecutive single MU responses for both muscles. Additionally, we found a narrow initial peak in five OR MUs after anodal stimulation. This short duration indicates the presence of monosynaptic cortical projection in the lower facial motoneurons. The EPSP amplitudes, estimated on the basis of initial peak, were used as a measure of the synaptic transmission efficiency. Our results support the concept of predominantly monosynaptic transmission at the spinal level. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 21:561–566, 1998.
Visual spatial integration in the elderly.

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of ageing on contour integration in subjects whose ages ranged from 20 to 99 years. METHODS Detection thresholds were measured for a closed chain of Gabor patches oriented tangentially to a circle (target) embedded in a background of randomly positioned and oriented Gabors (noise). Detection thresholds were measured for different distances of elements composing the target. RESULTS Sensitivity decreases gradually with age at all interelement distances. Sensitivity decreases with increasing interelement distance, in both young and elderly subjects. The decrease of integration capability with age is not related to a decrease in contrast sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the data provide evidence of a deterioration of cortical functionality with age, in agreement with other studies on texture and motion processing.
Growth Phase Regulation of flaA Expression in Helicobacter pylori Is luxS Dependent

ABSTRACT LuxS plays a role in the synthesis of an extracellular signaling molecule, autoinducer 2 (AI-2). To analyze a possible role of AI-2 in regulating Helicobacter pylori gene expression, we constructed a panel of transcriptional reporter strains. We show that the expression of H. pylori flaA is growth phase dependent and that flaA transcription increases in association with increased culture density. Mutating the luxS gene eliminates growth-phase-dependent control of flaA, and this growth phase dependence is restored when the luxS mutant strain is complemented with the wild-type luxS gene.
Performance comparison of slow‐light coupled‐resonator optical gyroscopes

We investigate the connection between group velocity and rotation sensitivity in a number of resonant gyroscope designs. Two key comparisons are made. First, we compare two conventional sensors, namely a resonant fiber optic gyroscope (RFOG) and an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (FOG). Second, we compare the RFOG to several recently proposed coupled‐resonator optical waveguide (CROW) gyroscopes. We show that the relationship between loss and maximum rotation sensitivity is the same for both conventional and CROW gyroscopes. Thus, coupling multiple resonators together cannot enhance rotation sensitivity. While CROW gyroscopes offer the potential for large group indices, this increase of group index does not provide a corresponding increase in the maximum sensitivity to rotation. For a given footprint and a given total loss, the highest sensitivity is shown to be achieved either in a conventional RFOG utilizing a single resonator, or a conventional FOG.
Visualizing Probabilistic Multi‐Phase Fluid Simulation Data using a Sampling Approach

Eulerian Method of Moment (MoM) solvers are gaining popularity for multi‐phase CFD simulation involving bubbles or droplets in process engineering. Because the actual positions of bubbles are uncertain, the spatial distribution of bubbles is described by scalar fields of moments, which can be interpreted as probability density functions. Visualizing these simulation results and comparing them to physical experiments is challenging, because neither the shape nor the distribution of bubbles described by the moments lend themselves to visual interpretation.
Region duplication blind detection based on multiple feature combination

The paper presents an efficient approach based on feature combination for detecting the region splice image by copy-paste manipulation. The combined features include 1D moment, 2D moment and Markov feature, which could efficiently capture the most representative features. Each block used for test is represented by the combined feature, and the spliced region is detected by feature match. Experiments on Columbia Image Splicing Detection Evaluation Dataset demonstrates that the copy-paste forgery regions could be accurately detected by the presented method.
Customers as assets

Customers are important intangible assets of a firm that should be valued and managed. Although researchers and practitioners have recently emphasized customer relationships and customer lifetime value, these concepts have had limited impact on the business and investment community for two main reasons: (a) they require extensive data and complex modeling, and (b) researchers have not shown a strong link between customer and firm value. We address these two issues in this article. First, we show how one can use publicly available information and a simple formula to estimate the lifetime value of a customer for a publicly traded firm. We illustrate this with several examples and case studies. Second, we provide a link between customer and firm value. We then show how this link provides guidelines for strategic decisions such as mergers and acquisitions as well as for assessing the value of a firm even when the traditional financial approaches (e.g., price–earnings ratio) fail.
Linear arboricity of digraphs

A linear diforest is a digraph whose connected components are paths. We define the linear arboricity of a digraph, denoted la(G), as the minimum number of linear diforests which partition the arcs of G. In this paper, we prove that the determination of la(G) is NP-complete. We prove also that the problem becomes polynomial for acyclic digraphs. Finally, we give the value of la(G) for several families of digraphs, in particular 2-regular digraphs.
Global Reach of Direct-to-Consumer Advertising Using Social Media for Illicit Online Drug Sales

Background Illicit or rogue Internet pharmacies are a recognized global public health threat that have been identified as utilizing various forms of online marketing and promotion, including social media. Objective To assess the accessibility of creating illicit no prescription direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) online pharmacy social media marketing (eDTCA2.0) and evaluate its potential global reach. Methods We identified the top 4 social media platforms allowing eDTCA2.0. After determining applicable platforms (ie, Facebook, Twitter, Google+, and MySpace), we created a fictitious advertisement advertising no prescription drugs online and posted it to the identified social media platforms. Each advertisement linked to a unique website URL that consisted of a site error page. Employing Web search analytics, we tracked the number of users visiting these sites and their location. We used commercially available Internet tools and services, including website hosting, domain registration, and website analytic services. Results Illicit online pharmacy social media content for Facebook, Twitter, and MySpace remained accessible despite highly questionable and potentially illegal content. Fictitious advertisements promoting illicit sale of drugs generated aggregate unique user traffic of 2795 visits over a 10-month period. Further, traffic to our websites originated from a number of countries, including high-income and middle-income countries, and emerging markets. Conclusions Our results indicate there are few barriers to entry for social media–based illicit online drug marketing. Further, illicit eDTCA2.0 has globalized outside US borders to other countries through unregulated Internet marketing.