Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ORIGINAL RESEARCH—BASIC SCIENCE I. Slow Oscillations in Vaginal Blood Flow: Alterations during Sexual Arousal in Rodents and Humansjsm_1465 1074..1087

Purpose. This study investigated slow oscillatory rhythms in vaginal blood flow as a physiological marker of female sexual arousal in rodents, human healthy volunteers, and women with female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD). Materials and Methods. Vaginal blood flow was measured in urethane-anesthetized rodents using laser Doppler flowmetry, while in humans, vaginal photoplethysmography was used. Acquired data were filtered for frequency analysis in the range of 0.013–2.5 Hz in rodents and 0.01–0.5 Hz in humans. Rodents were assessed for changes in a high frequency range (HF = 0.6–2.5 Hz), and a low frequency range (LF = 0.013–0.6 Hz). Human data were assessed for total spectral power in the entire frequency range. Results. During naturally induced arousal (exposure to male), oscillatory rhythms in vaginal blood flow from rodents demonstrated an increase in the ratio of LF oscillations to HF oscillations (LF/HF ratio). Drugs known to induce sexual arousal (apomorphine and melanotan II) were tested in anesthetized rodents. Both compounds induced an increase in the LF/HF ratio. In humans, visual sexual stimulation induced an increase in the total power of slow oscillatory activity in vaginal blood flow in healthy human volunteers. No such increase was observed in women with FSAD. Conclusions. This study demonstrated that slow oscillations in vaginal blood flow are correlated with subjective physiological arousal and display diminished responsiveness in women with FSAD. Slow oscillations in vaginal blood flow are entirely independent of vaginal vasocongestion as women with FSAD demonstrated a normal vasocongestion response to visual sexual stimulation. In conditions where rodents would be expected to be sexually aroused, slow oscillations in vaginal blood flow showed a shift from HFs to LFs. This technique will greatly enhance the investigation of female sexual function both clinically and preclinically. Kelly KA, Richards N, Sultana S, Sudworth M, Dawkins T, Hawcock AB, Buchanon T, Casey JH, and Wayman C. I. Slow oscillations in vaginal blood flow: Alterations during sexual arousal in rodents and humans. J Sex Med 2010;7:1074–1087.
L2 Acquisition of ＂Zhe＂ in Mandarin Chinese: A Corpus Study

This paper examines the semantic and syntactic properties of the aspect marker -zhe in Mandarin Chinese as well as L2 adult learners' acquisition of -zhe using data from the Academia Sinica corpus and a learner corpus compiled by the Mandarin Training Center at National Taiwan Normal University. -Zhe sentences were categorized into three major patterns - V-zhe, V_1-zhe-V_2, and V_1-zhe-V_1-zhe-(jiu-)V_2, with each further divided into sub-types. Major findings were: (a) Usage of the various types of -zhe produced by the highest proficiency level learners in the corpus was closest to that of native speakers'. (b) The rate of V-zhe occurrence increased with the learners' proficiency level. (c) The rate of V_1-zhe-V_1-zhe-(jiu-)V_2 occurrence decreased with the learners' proficiency level. Error analysis revealed additional insights. These findings suggest that L2 teaching of Mandarin must take the various patterns of -zhe and the semantic and syntactic properties of the verbs occurring with -zhe into consideration.
Sensitivity analysis: Could better methods be used?

Some recent articles are reviewed where sensitivity analysis (SA) is implemented via either an elementary “one factor at a time” (OAT) approach or via a derivative-based method. In these works, as customary, SA is used for mechanism identification and/or model selection. OAT and derivative based methods have important limitations: (1) Only a reduced portion of the space of the input factors is explored, (2) the possibility that factors might interact is discounted, (3) the methods do not allow self-verification. Given that all models involved are highly nonlinear and potentially nonadditive, the adopted methods might fail to provide the full effect of any given factor on the output. This could deceive the analyst, unless the analysis were really meant to focus on a narrow range around the nominal value, where linearity may be assumed. Different methods are suggested, such as a rationalized OAT screening test, a regression-based method, and two implementations of global quantitative sensitivity analysis measures. Computational cost, efficiency, and limitations of the proposed strategies are discussed, and an example is offered.
Effect of Text Type and Reading Distance on Accommodation Accuracy and NITM : All Participants

Purpose. Inaccurate accommodation during nearwork and subsequent accommodative hysteresis may influence myopia development. Myopia is highly prevalent in Singapore; an untested theory is that Chinese children are prone to these accommodation characteristics. We measured the accuracy of accommodation responses during and nearwork-induced transient myopia (NITM) after periods spent reading Chinese and English texts. Methods. Refractions of 40 emmetropic and 43 myopic children were measured with a free-space autorefractor for four reading tasks of 10-minute durations: Chinese (SimSun, 10.5 points) and English (Times New Roman, 12 points) texts at 25 cm and 33 cm. Accuracy was obtained by subtracting accommodation response from accommodation demand. Nearwork-induced transient myopia was obtained by subtracting pretask distance refraction from posttask refraction, and regression was determined as the time for the posttask refraction to return to pretask levels. Results. There were significant, but small, effects of text type (Chinese, 0.97 T 0.32 diopters [D] vs. English, 1.00 T 0.37 D; F1,1230 = 7.24, p = 0.007) and reading distance (33 cm, 1.01 T 0.30 D vs. 25 cm, 0.97 T 0.39 D; F1,1230 = 7.74, p = 0.005) on accommodation accuracy across all participants. Accuracy was similar for emmetropic and myopic children across all reading tasks. Neither text type nor reading distance had significant effects on NITM or its regression. Myopes had greater NITM (by 0.07 D) (F1,81 = 5.05, p = 0.03) that took longer (by 50s) (F1,81 = 31.08, p G 0.01) to dissipate. Conclusions. Reading Chinese text caused smaller accommodative lags than reading English text, but the small differences were not clinically significant. Myopic children had significantly greater NITM and longer regression than emmetropic children for both texts. Whether differences in NITM are a cause or consequence of myopia cannot be answered from this study. (Optom Vis Sci 2013;90:156Y163)
Dynamics of flower appearance, flowering, pod and seed setting performance and their relations to seed yield in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

The subject of this study was to determine the temporal distribution of the flowering, pod number and seed per plant, pod and seed setting performance and their relationships to seed yield in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Field trials were arranged in Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications and carried out at the University of Ondokuz Mayis, Faculty of Agriculture, during 2002 and 2003 in Samsun, Turkey. Means of studied variables over two years in six common bean genotypes ranged from 37.01 60.05 flowers plant (NFP), 8.28 13.96 pods plant (NPP), 16.13% 29.93% for pod setting ratio (PSR), 2.77 6.12 seeds pod (NSP), 0.70 0.95 unfilled seeds pod (NUSP), 76.28% 90.12% for seed setting ratio (SSR), 16.57 67.31 seeds plant (NSPP) and 143.7 349.5 g m for seed yield (SY). Genotypes differed for all examined variables, except for NUSP. All traits varied between years, with the exception of SSR. Positive and strong correlations were found between SY and NFP, NPP, NSPP in both years. NPP, PSR and NSPP reduced drastically in Şahin-90 and Yunus-90 cvs. in 2003 when compared with 2002. Therefore, seed yield of both cultivars were evidently lower in 2003. Regression equations for the relationships between NPP and SY were Y = 0.383x + 19.349x 4.5687 in 2002 and Y = 0.3035x + 13.749x + 32.084 in 2003. The highest R values were obtained from the relationship between NPP and SY (R=0.9453 in 2002 and R=0.9438 in 2003).
Operationalizing Trust: Building the OnlineTrust Student Survey (OTSS)

This research study explores the creation of a survey instrument to explore the role “trust” plays in highly interactive, instructor-led online college courses offered by WashingtonOnline Virtual Campus (WAOL-VC). After an extensive review of the literature, a 47-item Online Trust Student Survey (OTSS) was created to operationalize the construct of “trust” based on online learner perception. This instrument explored “trust” relationships between learner and instructor; learner and fellow learners; learners and curriculum; learners and oversight organization; and learners and courseware technology. From this instrument, principal component variables were extracted for analysis. With a . 922 score of the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy, the OTSS instrument offered strong ground for confidence coupled and with absence of multi-collinearity. In the first run, 630 current freshmen and sophomore students were surveyed. Post-survey online interviews were subsequently administered to investigate perceptions of learners in “low-trust” and “high-trust” categories. Additional interviews were conducted with distance learning (DL) or e-Learning instructors and administrators. The rigorous use of this instrument served as a test for its wide-ranging respondent accessibility and efficacy. The paper overviews the development of these instruments and offers insight into potential areas of further research.
The lncRNA CASC 9 and RNA binding protein HNRNPL form a complex and co-regulate genes linked to AKT signaling

The identification of viability-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) might be a promising rationale for new therapeutic approaches in liver cancer. Here, we applied the first RNAi screening approach in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines to find viabilityassociated lncRNAs. Among the multiple identified lncRNAs with a significant impact on HCC cell viability, we selected CASC9 (Cancer Susceptibility 9) due to the strength of its phenotype, expression, and upregulation in HCC versus normal liver. CASC9 regulated viability across multiple HCC cell lines as shown by CRISPR interference, single siRNAand siPOOL-mediated depletion of CASC9. Further, CASC9 depletion caused an increase in apoptosis and decrease of proliferation. We identified the RNA binding protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (HNRNPL) as a CASC9 interacting protein by RNA affinity purification (RAP) and validated it by native RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Knockdown of HNRNPL mimicked the loss-of-viability phenotype observed upon CASC9 depletion. Analysis of the proteome (SILAC) of CASC9and HNRNPL-depleted cells revealed a set of co-regulated genes which implied a role of the CASC9:HNRNPL complex in AKTsignaling and DNA damage sensing. CASC9 expression levels were elevated in patientderived tumor samples compared to normal control tissue and had a significant association with overall survival of HCC patients. In a xenograft chicken chorioallantoic membrane model, we measured a decreased tumor size after knockdown of CASC9. Conclusion: Taken together, we provide a comprehensive list of viability-associated lncRNAs in HCC. We identified the CASC9:HNRNPL complex as a clinically relevant viability-associated lncRNA/protein complex which affects AKT-signaling and DNA damage sensing in HCC. Introductory Statement Liver cancer is one of the most frequent cancer diseases worldwide and causes more than 750,000 deaths annually. It is ranked second among the most lethal cancer entities, with very limited treatment options (1). The most common subtype (90%) of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The characterization of specific changes in the cancer transcriptome will facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies in HCC. One surprising finding of the last decade of transcriptome profiling was that most of the human genes encode for non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes and not for protein-coding genes (2). As a result, the ncRNA genes, Page 4 of 115 Hepatology Hepatology This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The advent of several novel antiviral andimmune modulatory therapies for chronichepatitis B now necessitates a

The majority of persons currently treated for chronic hepatitis B require long-term or lifelong therapy. New inhibitors of hepatitis B virus entry, replication, assembly, or secretion and immune modulatory therapies are in development. The introduction of these novel compounds for chronic hepatitis B necessitates a standardized appraisal of the efficacy and safety of these treatments and definitions of new or additional endpoints to inform clinical trials. To move the field forward and to expedite the pathway from discovery to regulatory approval, a workshop with key stakeholders was held in September 2016 to develop a consensus on treatment endpoints to guide the design of clinical trials aimed at hepatitis B cure. The consensus reached was that a complete sterilizing cure, i.e., viral eradication from the host, is unlikely to be feasible. Instead, a functional cure characterized by sustained loss of hepatitis B surface antigen with or without hepatitis B surface antibody seroconversion, which is associated with improved clinical outcomes, in a higher proportion of patients than is currently achieved with existing treatments is a feasible goal. Development of standardized assays for novel biomarkers toward better defining hepatitis B virus cure should occur in parallel with development of novel antiviral and immune modulatory therapies such that approval of new treatments can be linked to the approval of new diagnostic assays used to measure efficacy or to predict response. Combination of antiviral and immune modulatory therapies will likely be needed to achieve functional hepatitis B virus cure. Limited proofof-concept monotherapy studies to evaluate safety and antiviral activity should be conducted prior to proceeding to combination therapies. The safety of any new curative therapies will be paramount given the excellent safety of currently approved nucleos(t)ide analogues. (HEPATOLOGY 2017; 00:000-000).
Effect of Curing and Mixing Methods on the Compressive Strength of Mortar Containing Oil

Oil contaminated fine aggregate is a major environmental concern and can arise as a by product of industrial activities (e.g. oil well drilling and land contamination). Cement–based stabilisation/solidification of oil contaminated materials is an emerging technology however there are some issues that have not been fully addressed. This paper reports the results of a study conducted to investigate the effect of different curing and mixing methods on cement solidification and its consequent effect on the compressive strength of the resultant cementitious product. This work has been done to address leaching concerns during the curing period. The normal curing method for samples to be tested for compressive strength is lime saturated water. However, this method invalidates any subsequent leaching tests. Accordingly, bag curing (BC) and lime saturated water curing (LSW) have been applied using mortar mixed with mineral oil up to 10% by sand mass under water wet (WW) or oil wet (OW) mixing methods. The results indicate that development in 28 day compressive strength can be achieved without applying water by external means if the moisture movement from the mortar samples is prohibited, irrespective of the mixing methods used.
Atmospheric convection with condensation of the major component

T. Yamashita, Department of Cosmosciences, Hokkaido University, Japan (yamasita@ep.sci.hokudai.ac.jp), M. Odaka,Department of Cosmosciences, Hokkaido University, Japan, K. Sugiyama,Center for Planetary Science(CPS) / Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Japan, K. Nakajima, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan, M. Ishiwatari, CPS / Department of Cosmosciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Japan, Y.O. Takahashi, CPS / Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kobe University, Japan, Y. -Y. Hayashi, CPS / Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kobe University, Japan.
New iterative method for three-dimensional eddy-current problems

A new iterative method for computing three-dimensional steady-state magnetic fields with eddy currents is presented. By using the proposed method, the numerical computation of eddy current fields can be divided into two successive stages on flux density and eddy current calculations. The convergent field solution is then obtained iteratively. The coefficient matrices arising from the proposed method contain relatively few variables and are real. As these matrices need to be eliminated only once in the iteration procedure, the requirement upon the computer resource can be reduced substantially. The convergence of the presented iterative method is also discussed in detail. The instructions for choosing the penalty factor and relaxation factor in order to obtain the globally convergent potentials with sufficiently accurate field solutions are also given. Some sample calculations show that the new iterative method is highly computationally efficient for studying large-scale unbounded eddy-current problems in engineering.
Predominant Species of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Fresh Goat's Milk from the Guanzhong Area of China

Introduction Goat’s milk is the most nutritious and easily digested alternative mammalian milk for human consumption because it is the closest, in terms of its constituents, to human milk [12]. Goats and cows vary considerably in their lactation organs which lead to the differences in the compositions of their milk. For instance, alfa-s1-casein in cows’ milk accounts for 38% of the total casein content, but it represents only 5.6% of the total casein content of goat's milk; there is less lactose in goat's milk compared with cows’ milk [3]. The unique physical and chemical properties of goat's milk make it more nutritional than cow’s milk [4], which may lead to the differences of the microbial compositions in raw milk. Due to the particular properties of goat's milk (small particles of casein, low levels of lactose, etc.), it also has poor coagulation properties for yoghurt and cheese making. More research is required to facilitate the crucial selection of high-quality lactic acid bacterial starter cultures suitable for the production of fermented products from goat's milk. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a general term for Gram-positive bacteria that produce large amounts of lactic acid from carbohydrate; these bacteria are mainly found in fermented foods (even plant surfaces, soil, sea etc.) [5]. LABs are used as microbial starter in production of the fermented dairy products such as cheese, yoghurt and ice cream. Fermentation by LAB can improve the taste and structure of fermented products, but also their nutritional value. Since the chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of goat's milk are different to cows’ milk, the LAB typically used for fermentation of cows’ milk may not be usually suitable for use with goat's milk. Few studies of LAB from goat's milk are reported in China, thereby in this research, we use traditional physiological and biochemical methods followed by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis to identify LAB isolated from fresh goat's milk sampled from the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province [6]. This allowed us to understand the differences in LAB from goat's milk and to determine which the predominant LAB species was. It also helped establish independent intellectual property rights and lay the foundations for better screening of the probiotic and LAB for use in goat's milk fermentation and related product development.
The role of microbiome in determining pediatric health

The beneficial effects of food containing probiotics (or prebiotics or synbiotics) on human health – and in particular of dairy products such as yogurt and milk – are increasingly being promoted by food manufacturers, but also by health professionals. The human microbiome is composed of bacteria, viruses, fungi, archaea and protozoa. Each body site has its own distinct microbiome, with a unique microbial composition that presumably reflects the differences in tissue structure and function. Shifts in the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome have been linked to the development and progression of several intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases, including childhood asthma development and inflammatory bowel disease. Probiotics are advertised to contribute to overall well-being and are sought to prevent and alleviate many diseases, especially digestive, immunological and respiratory disorders. Modulating microbial exposure through probiotic supplementation represents a long-held strategy towards ameliorating disease via intestinal microbial community restructuring. Several recent human trials have demonstrated the potential for live biotherapeutic products in disease management and prevention, but larger, better controlled, and universally standardized studies are needed for the rigorous scientific evaluation of probiotic therapies and the comparison of diametric outcomes. Proceedings of the 10 th International Workshop on Neonatology · Cagliari (Italy) · October 22 nd -25 th , 2014 · The last ten years, the next ten years in Neonatology Guest Editors: Vassilios Fanos, Michele Mussap, Gavino Faa, Apostolos Papageorgiou
A Study on the Influence of Technologies Applied to Organizational Performance Learning in the Hotel Sector

Hotel sector is one of the most influenced by the new information and communication technologies (ICTs) since it generates a vast amount of information which circulates through these new technologies. Additionally, the latter could be a potential source of organizational performance. This paper has an exploratory character and analyses how the new ICTs influence the hotels’ organizational performance. Thus, a descriptive statistical analysis and a study of statistical associations through Cramer’s V have been carried out using data from 106 Valencian Community hotel establishments. The results show, on the one hand, that Internet and Intranet are the most influential technologies on intra-organizational level and, on the other hand, show that the Central Reservation Systems -CRS- and web 2.0 are the most important on an inter-organizational level. Both technologies affect most of the analysed results at organizational level.