Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for the treatment of malaria

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers' products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use. The named authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication. Guidelines for the treatment of malaria-2nd edition. 1.Malaria – drug therapy. 2.Malaria – diagnosis. 3.Antimalarials – administration and dosage. 4.
Selecting Patients for Long-acting Novel Antipsychotic Therapy

Objective: As new psychopharmacological agents for the management of schizophrenia are introduced into clinical practice, inappropriate patient selection may often lead to disappointing outcomes for the patient, the family and services. Recently, the first and only long-acting novel antipsy chotic was made available in Australia. Based on criteria used in a large clinical network in Victoria, this paper sets out to present six selection profiles for patients with schizophrenia who may be suitable candidates for treatment with this class of medication. Conclusions: Optimizing outcome for patients with enduring psychotic disorders involves enabling a stable psychopharmacological platform upon which to build a psychosocial therapies programme. Too often, problems with adherence undermine the recovery process. Long-acting novel anti psychotics ensure adherence, with all the advantages inherent in second generation antipsychotics. Identifying patients a priori who might best respond to the long-acting novel antipsychotics may lead to improving the efficiency of the recovery process.
The Need for the Development and Evaluation of Preventive Psychosocial Forensic Interventions in Mainstream Adult Community Mental Health Services

Objective: This paper provides a selective review of forensic research with the aim of making recommendations for the development and evaluation of psychosocial interventions for the mainstream community mental health setting to address the needs of patients with a history of offending. Conclusion: Mainstream community mental health services can be guided by existing findings in the design of psychosocial intervention and prevention programmes. There is growing need to develop and evaluate such interventions.
Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Polyethylene Glycols (PEGs)-6,-8,-32,-75,-150,-14M,-20M

PECs -6, -8, -32, -75, -1 50, -1 4M, and 20M are polymers of ethylene oxide used as humectants, solvents, binders, emulsion stabilizers, and viscosity-increasing agents in cosmetics. In metabolism studies with rats, rabbits, dogs, and humans, the lower molecular weight PEGs were absorbed by the digestive track and excreted in the urine and feces. PEGs have low oral and dermal toxicity, and are not irritating to the skin of rabbits or guinea pigs; PEG-75 was not a sensitizer. PECs caused mild, transient ocular irritation in rabbits. PEG-8 was negative in the Chinese hamster ovary cell mutation test, the sister chromatid exchange test, and the unscheduled DNA synthesis assay. PEG-1 50 was not mutagenic in the mouse TK+/-+ TK-/forward mutation assay. PEG-8 was not carcinogenic when administered orally, intraperitoneally, or subcutaneously to various test animals. No adverse reproductive effects occurred during subchronic and chronic oral toxicity studies of PEG-6-32 and PEG-75. In clinical studies, PEG-8, PEG-6-32, and PEG-75 were not sensitizers. On the basis of the individual and combined data on PEGs -6, -8, -32, -75, -150, -14M, and -20M, it is concluded that these ingredients are safe for use at the concentrations reflected in the Cosmetic Use section and in the product formulation safety test data included in this report. However, cosmetic formulations containing these PEGS should not be used on damaged skin.
Guía de buena práctica para la detección temprana de los trastornos del espectro autista (I)

Summary. Introduction. The interest in early detection of autism spectrum Disorders (ASD) lies in the accumulated evidence of the fact that an early customized intervention for children with an ASD and their families leads to an improvement of the child’s prognosis in most cases. Objective. To establish criteria and procedures for early identification of children at risk of ASD and to facilitate full diagnostic assessment and prompt referral leading to adequate support. Early detection of ASD is extremely important, since early specific individualized treatment for the child and his or her family leads to long-term improvement in many children’ prognosis. Development. Firstly, a critical appraisal of the situation of early detection of ASD in Spain is made after reviewing the scarce bibliography available on current screening and diagnostic practices in the country. Data generated by questionnaires received from 646 Spanish families is also taken into account. Secondly, the Study Group of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III recommends the screening and early diagnosis process to be followed, describing the necessary steps, the public services involved and the available screening and diagnostic tools. Conclusions. The Study Group draws the main conclusions regarding the situation of ASD early detection in Spain, and makes a consensus proposal for the detection procedures, including routine developmental surveillance and identification of children at risk for ASD by using sensitive and specific assessment tools. [REV NEUROL 2005; 41: 237-45]
Call for Papers

The developments widely known as Web 2.0 are mainly characterised by the overwhelming ability of users to collaboratively create content. The impact this is having on a wide range of social processes, as varied as marketing and personal relationships, politics and tourism is making these developments a fascinating focus for interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary social science research. This special issue calls for papers that address the impact of Web 2.0 on contemporary society and its dynamics. It seeks high quality contributions to review and analyse Web 2.0 as the basis for collective action and as a source of societal destabilisation and change. We welcome original articles, including quantitative or qualitative studies, case studies, or critical reviews, dealing with aspects of the influence and potential of Web 2.0 (for better or for worse). Soundly empirically based studies will be emphasised although high quality scholarly essays are also welcome. Manuscripts should follow the usual instructions for electronic submission of papers to Contemporary Social Science. Authors should indicate that they wish the manuscript to be reviewed for inclusion in the special issue. The Editors of this issue would be happy to review plans for papers in advance of their receipt. All papers will be peer reviewed. The closing date for submitting papers is 10 October 2011. The corresponding Special Editor for this issue is:
2. Brain Reorganization, Recovery and Organized Care

• Neurological deficits resulting from a stroke are often referred to as impairments. These are determined primarily by the site and extent of the stroke. • As a general rule, the severity of the initial deficit is inversely proportional to the prognosis for recovery. • Most spontaneous recovery occurs during the first 3-6 months after the stroke. • The course of recovery is a predictable phenomenon; it is initially very rapid and then negatively accelerates as a function of time (Skilbeck et al. 1983). Skilbeck et al. (1983) studied 92 stroke survivors with a mean age of 67.5 years (range= 36-89) at final assessment, either 2 or 3 years after stroke. The majority of recovery was reported within the first 6 months, with continued but non-statistically significant recovery after 6 months. • This type of recovery has, until recently, been regarded as largely inaccessible to medical intervention or manipulation.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Back Pain amongDental Personnel in North-Eastern State of Malaysia

Introduction: Dentistry is a high risk profession for developing back pain because high visual demands result in prolonged and affixed as well as uncomfortable postures. Aim and Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of back pain and its associated factors among government dental personnel in North-Eastern State of Malaysia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 350 dental personnel including dentists, dental nurses, technicians and dental surgery assistants in all government dental clinics in North-Eastern State of Malaysia. The research tools used for the study consisted of a proforma on socio-demographic and occupational characteristics, a validated Branson Posture Assessment Instrument (BPAI) and direct observations on the respondents while they performed their daily routine. Descriptive statistics consisting of mean and standard deviation as well as percentages were calculated for numerical and categorical data respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the factors associated with back pain. Results: A large majority of the respondents were female (79.1%) and Malays (98.0%). The age of respondents ranged from 22 to 56 years old. The prevalence of back pain was 44.9% (95% CI: 39.65, 50.07) with the highest prevalence found among dental technicians [52.4% (95% CI: 40.05, 64.71)]. After controlling for potential confounders, the significant risk factors associated with back pain were poor posture (OR 3.52; 95% CI: 2.22, 5.59) and being a dental auxiliary (OR 3.63, 95% CI: 1.81, 7.30). Conclusion: The prevalence of back pain among dental personnel in North-Eastern State of Malaysia was relatively high. The significant risk factors associated with it were poor posture and being a dental auxiliary. Innovations for an ergonomically friendly dental equipment would probably improve the work practice and therefore the health of dental personnel.
Risk factors of anemia among young children in rural Cameroon

Anemia is considered the most prevalent nutritional deficiency globally, affecting about a quarter of the world population, especially children and women of reproductive age [1,2]. In children, anemia can negatively affect cognitive development, school performance, physical growth, and immunity [3,4]. The prevalence of anemia in the world is 24.8 % [5]. The preschool children are most affected with a prevalence International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 3 (2015) pp. 925-935 http://www.ijcmas. com
Effectiveness of nutritional intervention in overweight women in Primary Health Care

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of nutritional intervention in overweight women undergoing Primary Health Care.Methods: An intervention study was conducted with overweight adult and elderly women aged 20 years or older (body mass index ≥25.0 kg/m² and ≥27.0 kg/m², respectively) who were subjected to 12 months of individual nutritional monitoring. The effectiveness of the intervention was assessed by dietary, health, and anthropometric indicators.Results: Most of the 71 individuals were adults with a low income and poor level of education. After the intervention, there was an increase in number of meals and in the frequency of breakfasting. Moreover, there were more fruits and vegetables consumed, in addition to a decrease in household availability of salt, sugar, oil, and fried foods consumption. An improvement in health and weight self-perception was observed, as well as a decrease in body mass and abdominal adiposity, in particular among those participating in several consultations (n >9). Conclusion: The proposed nutritional intervention was effective and viable for improving the care of overweight individuals and those suffering from destabilized comorbidities, and may be extended to other contexts.
A Method to Identify Potentially Preventable Readmissions from Historical Data

The topic of readmissions has become more prevalent in healthcare discussions in the past decade. Readmissions are linked to higher healthcare costs and could be used as a potential indicator of a breakdown in the quality of care at a facility. In an attempt to mitigate readmissions a recent strategy has focused on creating statistical models to predict a patient’s risk of becoming a readmission. However, one of the most important but arduous components of research on readmissions is to identify which patient visits in the data could be categorized as potentially preventable readmissions (PPR). This study develops a systematic method to define and identify PPRs from historical data. It relates primary and secondary diagnosis at both the admission and readmission events along with a set of criteria to filter the data. The PPR definition was validated against historical data obtained from CMS reports. The results show that the definition developed is consistent with CMS’ definition of a PPR. The benefit of using this methodology over CMS reports is attributable to the fact that CMS reports typically lag 6 months to 2 years from the time the readmission occurs whereas the proposed methodology can be implemented immediately after discharge.
Fibrinogen status in relapse and remission of childhood nephrotic syndrome

Objective To evaluate fibrinogen concentration of relapsing nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children, and to investigate relationship between fibrinogen with albumin and cholesterol. Methods A cross-sectional study among NS patients admitted to pediatric outpatient clinic and pediatric ward at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, from November 1, 2003 to January 31, 2004. All patients were evaluated for clinical and laboratory findings of relapse and remission, including edema, proteinuria, serum albumin, total cholesterol, as well as total platelet count and fibrinogen concentration to evaluate coagulation parameters in nephrotic patients. Results There were 36 patients with the mean age of 7.4 (SD 2.3) years included in this study. Mean fibrinogen concentration in relapse state was 671.8 (SD 102.7) mg/dl, while in remission state was 255.2 (SD 50.5 mg/dl); the mean difference was 416.6 mg/dl (95% CI 362.9;470.4; P<0.001). Fibrinogen was inversely and strongly correlated with serum albumin concentrations (r=-0.91; P<0.001). Fibrinogen was positively and strongly correlated to total cholesterol (r=0.80; P<0.001). Using multiple regression analysis, it was shown that only relapse/remission status was significantly associated with fibrinogen concentration (P<0.001). Conclusion Fibrinogen status is significantly correlated with relapse and remission status of NS in childhood patients. [Paediatr Indones 2006;46:149-153].
INFLUENCE OF EDUCATION ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate quality of life (QoL) in Type 2 diabetic patients treated with insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) and to estimate independent QoL by demographic characteristics, complications and co-morbidities. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted and evaluation of the parameters for QoL was based on SF-36 questionnaire. Patients were divided into two groups based on route of administration of anti diabetic as Insulin and OHA group. Both the groups received diabetes education, instructions on lifestyle modifications, dietary regulations and follow up. The data was recorded, analyzed and compared to find the QoL in two groups of patients before and after diabetic education. Results: Maximum number of diabetic patients were on OHA (44.7%) followed by combination of insulin and OHA (35.2%) and only insulin (20.1%). The results showed improvement in the Knowledge and Practice scores after patient counseling. Assessment of SF 36 scores showed that there was statistically significant improvement in the QoL scores of patients at each follow up (p< 0.05) compared to baseline. WOR
Automated ECG diagnosis of atrial flutter by means of wavelet transform

The authors report a new algorithm for the automated diagnosis of atrial flutter (AF) by computer ECG programs. It consists of applying the wavelet transform (WT) technique to the detection of atrial flutter waves in the inferior lead Y of the Frank orthogonal EGG. The algorithm was developed and tested on a learning group of 325 cases with 47% having AF. Its clinical usefulness was prospectively assessed on a testing group of 1344 patients with 1.8% having AF. The sensitivity in this testing group was 44% It was raised to 80% by including the diagnostic statement of "possible AF", but at the same time the positive predictive value decreased from 84.6% to 66%. However, the specificity remained quite high: 99.2%. This WT procedure allowed the authors to improve the performance of the automated diagnosis of AF as compared with their previous experience. <<ETX>>
1 Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Benzylparaben

The safety of this ingredient has not been documented and substantiated. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel cannot conclude that Benzylparaben is safe for use in cosmetic products until such time that the appropriate safety data have been obtained and evaluated. The data that were available are documented in the report as well as the types of data that are required before a safety evaluation may be undertaken.
Fear of Hypoglycemia and Patient-Physician Communication in Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan Hyogo Health Service Association, Hyogo, Japan Diabetes Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan Department of Development for Community-oriented Healthcare System, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya,
Vascular Disease and the Spinal Cord

that further conferences might therefore begin to take place throughout Scotland. He agreed that patient care evaluation formed the most challenging aspect concerning clinical work. Finally, he emphasised the proposals that 'the Working Party should continue consideration of its remit and issue a further report' and 'that there is need for a further professional working party with wider terms of reference and wider membership to consider the problems involved in promoting efficiency in the organisation of medical work in the National Health Service as a whole. '
Angiographic Analysis of Intravascular Thrombus Volume in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

Purpose: To investigate the role that intravascular thrombus volume plays in mechanical thrombectomy and dose-titrated algorithms using pharmaceutical thrombolytic therapies. Methods: The angiographic studies of 33 consecutive patients (19 women; mean age 66611 years) who underwent endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke were reviewed. A double-injection technique was utilized that involved 2 catheters for simultaneous injection of contrast proximal and distal to the thrombus to delineate its boundaries. The thrombus volume was calculated using the formula for cylindrical objects after measuring its length and diameter. Results: The volume of the 36 thrombi measured in the study group was 46659 mm. The mean length and diameter were 1066 and 261 mm, respectively. The time between symptom onset and acquisition of angiographic images ranged from 167 to 589 minutes (mean 3366109). In a multivariate analysis, thrombus volume was not associated with any recanalization (odds ratio 2.4, 95% CI 0.02–191) after adjusting for initial occlusion grade, time between symptom onset and angiography, and previous intravenous use of thrombolytic agents. Volume capacities for retrieval devices to retain 50% and 75% of the thrombi were estimated as 29.2 mm and 55.3 mm, respectively. Conclusion: The large variation in thrombi volume must be considered in designing retrieval devices to optimize their performance. J Endovasc Ther 2007;14:475–482
From Poland

Professor Luczak, an anaesthetist by training, is now Professor in Pallia tive Medicine and Head of the Chair and Department of Palliative Medicine in the Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan. Dr Kluziak is a Regional Consultant in Palliative Medicine for Lubuskie province. Hw works at the Hospice Palium in Poznan. Professor Luczak is Chairman and Dr Kluziak is a secretary of the Board of Directors of Eastern and Central Europe Pallia tive Task Force Association (ECEPT).
Professioni sanitarie della riabilitazione: analisi critica e valutazione della percezione degli studenti.

Introduzione: si ipotizza una mancanza di “cultura condivisa” tra le professioni riabilitative derivante dalla scarsa conoscenza tra le stesse. Obiettivo: analisi del grado di conoscenza degli studenti circa le differenti figure riabilitative e il significato attribuito al concetto di “riabilitazione”. Materiali e metodi: tra aprile e settembre 2013 un questionario ad hoc e stato compilato da 80 studenti dei corsi triennali delle professioni riabilitative e da 9 studenti della laurea magistrale in Scienze Riabilitative (Universita degli Studi di Padova). Risultati: il 5% degli studenti triennali e in grado di identificare tutte le professioni riabilitative, la percentuale aumenta per gli studenti magistrali: 66,7% (p<0,0001). Vengono identificate alcune “aree” trasversali in riabilitazione: “obiettivi riabilitativi”; “relazione con il paziente”; “filosofia sottesa alla relazione riabilitativa”; “aree e modalita di intervento”; “funzioni e competenze”; “conoscenze”. Conclusioni: temi e dati rilevati incidono sul concetto di “identita professionale”; l’inserirsi in un quadro riabilitativo piu ampio comporta una mediazione tra il proprio e l’altrui patrimonio conoscitivo nonche la formulazione di obiettivi condivisi. Risulta essenziale la predisposizione di contesti formativo-universitari adeguati.
Electrostatic Microgenerators

Just as the electromagnetic force can be used to generate electrical power, the electrostatic force can also be used to convert mechanical energy into an electrical form. Electromagnetic generators are used in large power stations because scaling laws show them to be superior at larger sizes. However, on the micro-scale, the electrostatic force becomes significant and so is suitable for electrical power generation. There are several different methods of operation in which the electrostatic force can be used to generate electrical energy. In this paper we discuss these methods and their relative merits in terms of power density, the suitability of the method to performing maximal power point tracking and difficulties of generator fabrication