Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF TAURINE AND ZINGIBER OFFICINALE ON ALUMINUM CHLORIDE INDUCED TESTICULAR INJURY AND IMPAIRED SPERMATOGENESIS IN ADULTS MALE RABBITS: BIOCHEMICAL, HORMONAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY

This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of Taurine and Zingiber officinale on aluminum chloride (AlCl3) induced testicular damage and impaired spermatogenesis in adults male rabbits. Thirty adult male rabbits 1.5 -1.80 kg, 22-24 weeks old were used in this study. The animals were randomly and equally divided into five equal groups, 6 animals per each: Control group (Control negative): received distilled water orally 5 ml/kg/day for 21 days. First treated group (Control positive T1): received AlCl3 20 mg/kg/day (I.P)as a single dose for 21 days. Second treated group (T2): received AlCl3 20 mg/kg/day (I.P)and after 1 hour later received Taurine orally200 mg/kg/day for 21 days. Third treated group (T3): received AlCl3 20 mg/ kg/day (I.P)and after 1 hour later received Zingiber officinale orally200 mg/kg/day for 21 days. Fourth treated group (T4): received AlCl3 20 mg/kg/day I.P and after 1 hour later received a combination of half a dose of Taurine 100 mg/kg/day and Zingiber officinale100 mg/kg/day for 21 days. The blood samples were taken after 21 days of treatment to evaluate biochemical parameters includes reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Reproductive hormone FSH, LH, Testosterone and liver function enzymes AST, ALT and ALP were also evaluated. The histopathological examination of testis and epididymis were done.The obtained results demonstrate that male rabbits treated with AlCl3 revealed a significant (P< 0.05) increase in serum levels of MDA, AST, ALT and ALP, significant (P<0.05) decrease in GSH, SOD, CAT, FSH, LH, and Testosterone. The histopathological study revealed that AlCl3 caused severe degeneration of spermatogenic stage and complete loss of spermatozoa in the tubule of epididymis.In contrast, Taurine or Zingiber officinale and their combination caused a significant (P< 0.05) decrease in MDA, AST, ALT and ALP, significant (P< 0.05) increase in GSH, SOD, CAT, FSH, LH, and Testosterone with normal spermatogenesis stage and epididymal tubules filled with spermatozoa. It has been concluded from the present study that combination of Taurine and Zingiber officinale appeared the best protective effect against testicular and epididymal damage induced by AlCl3better than each drug alone through improving antioxidant enzyme activities in AlCl3 treated group leading to declined MDA level and reduced lipid peroxidation
Reconciling Agriculture and Biodiversity: Policy and Research Challenges of ‘Ecoagriculture’

Conventional wisdom holds that modern farming is largely incompatible with wildlife conservation. Thus policies to protect wildlife typically rely on land use segregation, establishing protected areas from which agriculture is officially excluded. Farmers are seen as problems by those promoting this view of wildlife conservation. This paper argues, however, that enhancing the contribution of farming systems is an essential part of any biodiversity conservation strategy, and requires new technical research, support for local farmer innovation, and adoption of new agricultural and environmental policies at local, national and international levels.
Genetic Variability of Sidama Coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) Landrace for Agro-morphological Traits at Awada, Southern Ethiopia

Getting more information on genetic variability is a prerequisite for further improvement of coffee (Coffea arabica L.). Although Ethiopia is known as a primary diversity for Coffea arabica the knowledge on nature and extent of variation of the coffee accessions has one of the major problems in coffee improvement program. Hence, to assess the nature and extent of variability on agro-morphological traits, test trial was conducted at Awada, Southern Ethiopia. The trial was consisted one hundred twenty Sidama land race Arabica coffee and four standard checks and arranged in augmented design with four replications of the checks. Analysis of variance showed significant difference among the tested genotypes for most of the quantitative traits considered in the study, indicating the existence of sufficient genotypic variation among the coffee accessions. Phenotypic coefficients of variation ranged from 4.52 (fruit length) to 60.89 (coffee berry disease) while, genotypic coefficients of variance ranged from 3.92 (bean width) to 56.52 (coffee berry disease). Likewise, high broad sense heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of the mean were observed for coffee berry disease, average green bean yield, stem diameter, average inter node length of stem, plant height, number of primary branches and average length of primary branches confirming that genotypic variance has contributed substantially to the total phenotypic variance.
Design suggestions for an mHealth app to facilitate communication between pharmacists and the Deaf: perspective of the Deaf community (HEARD Project).

Background Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) patients have trouble communicating with community pharmacists and accessing the healthcare system. This study explored the views on a proposed mobile health (mHealth) app in terms of design and features, that will be able to bridge the communication gap between community pharmacists and DHH patients. Methods A community-based participatory research method was utilized. Two focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted in Malaysian sign language (BIM) with a total of 10 DHH individuals. Respondents were recruited using purposive sampling. Video-recordings were transcribed and analyzed using a thematic approach. Results Two themes emerged: (I) challenges and scepticism of the healthcare system; and (II) features of the mHealth app. Respondents expressed fears and concerns about accessing healthcare services, and stressed on the need for sign language interpreters. There were also concerns about data privacy and security. With regard to app features, the majority preferred videos instead of text to convey information about their disease and medication, due to their lower literacy levels. Conclusions For an mHealth app to be effective, app designers must ensure the app is individualised according to the cultural and linguistic diversity of the target audience. Pharmacists should also educate patients on the potential benefits of the app in terms of assisting patients with their medicine-taking.
Change of exercise program according to round shoulders in Shoulder height and trunk strength

Rounded shoulder posture (RSP) can be seen quite frequently today. As a result, there are many problems that occur concerning lung capacity, attention span and muscle strength. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of posture-improving exercises on lung capacity, concentration, and muscle strength. At total of 24 college students participated in this study. Participants were measured for both shoulder height, and muscle strength (Trunk Muscle Strength Test). After pretest measurements, participants were divided into 2 groups. The shoulder stabilization exercise group (SSEG, n1=12) and the antagonist strength exercise group (ASEG, n2=12). Each group participated for 4 weeks. SSEG and ASEG exercised with a trainer 3 times a week for 30 minutes. Post-test measurements were taken after 4 weeks. There was a significant difference in both shoulders (left, right) RSP(p=.020, p=.030), and trunk muscle strength(p=.024) for SSEG and ASEG. Between two groups there were significant differences. This study has found that strengthening exercise is more effective in RSP reduction. However, it is the opinion of the researchers that the 4 weeks exercise period was not long enough to achieve significant results for other measurements. Further comparative studies related to the effects of strength exercises on RSP reduction, lung capacity, and trunk muscle strength is necessary.
A Novel Software-Defined Networking Architecture for Future 5G Wireless Networks

: Virtual and/or Augmented reality (AR/VR) is the next-generation Internet and next-generation computing platform. AR/VR is publicly recognized as a virtual environment created by computers. The environment replicates a real world or creates an imaginary setting where users interact in real time with the virtual space. AR and VR require high energy and data rates. This scheme requires a higher bandwidth speed but a lower delay. To meet the AR/VR requirements a multipath cooperative route (MCR) scheme is proposed to overcome increasing traffic demands in future, to facilitate the AR/VR wireless transmissions in 5G small cell networks. A software-defined networking (SDN) architecture is designed. Furthermore, we have developed a service effective energy (SEE) optimization algorithm for AR/VR wireless transmission in 5G small cell networks. My Simulation results shows that both the delay and SEE of the proposed MCR scheme have better result. As AR\VR data require high energy consumption during transmission an SEEM algorithm is designed to minimize the energy consumption throughout network.
Descriptive Construction Methods through BIM-based Collaboration

A coordinated Building Information Modeling (BIM) can provide savings to clients in the operating of the building and offer benefits on the contractors’ side. Autodesk 360 is improving collaboration among project members handling architecture, engineering and construction. This paper presents initial results of an effort to establish a consistent methodology to unequivocally classify and quantify construction methods so that they can be embedded in the BIM model. Such classification is referred to as a technology ontology. By introducing rigorous construction method descriptors it is possible to represent, in a matrix, all the available construction methods for any given project. The paper presents the construction method descriptors and a case study to prove the relevance of technology ontology for accurate estimating purposes. Selecting the most appropriate method for building objects can be integrated with BIM in early design phases. Cost savings made on a project through more efficient use of BIM (clear-cut construction methods) can be shared during design and in the same time it can improve collaboration.
Effect of Diff-in-Diff Analysis in Serendipity

— In social network many people are interconnected together. Diff-in-Diff Analysis is useful to find Reputation of the person in social network. Reputation is measure with in time period (like one month, six month, Year). in the Diff-in-Diff Analysis reputation will measure using Friend’s likes, comments, Followers’, etc. The Person’s Reputation goes down for particular Friend that Person Remove that friend and adds some new friend that is helpful to improve Reputation. To calculate Reputation first measure Engagement Rate then add some new friend and measure Engagement Rate once Again and after that perform Diff-in-Diff Analysis and compare both result and find out difference between them. And this difference is the result of the reputation of person in social network.
Fiscal Challenges in Scaling Up Nutrition Interventions Insights and Policy Implications

Four states—Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Uttar Pradesh—together account for around 45% of stunted children in India. The existing literature makes a case for delivery of a host of specific interventions referred to as the direct nutrition interventions, along with sector-wise or systemic interventions, to bring about significant reductions in prevalence of stunting among children. An analysis of the delivery of DNIs in the said states shows that apart from the decline in fiscal priority for the DNIs during 2014–15 to 2017–18, there are also significant resource gaps for some of these interventions, which underscores the need for enhancing fiscal priority for these interventions.
Research Paper: Evaluation of the Anti-apoptotic and Anti- cytotoxic Effect of Epicatechin Gallate and Edaravone on SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells

* Corresponding Author: Ramin Ataee, PhD. Address: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Tel: +98 (911) 3232804 E-mail: raminataee1349@gmail.com Introduction: Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting older individuals with signs of motor disability and cognitive impairment. Epicatechin (EC) and edaravone have neuroprotective effects most probably due to their antioxidant activity; however, a limited number of studies have considered their role in PD. This research aimed at investigating the neuroprotective effect of EC and edaravone in a neurotoxin-induced model of PD.
The Association Among Vitamin D, Insulin Resistance, and Obesity in Turkish Women

Background: Vitamin D deﬁciency is common in patients with body mass index (BMI) higher than 25 kg/m 2 . The aim of this study was to evaluate whether any correlation exists among 25 hydroxyvitamin D, BMI, and other biochemical parameters in Turkish women subjects. Methods: Atotalnumberof31subjectswithBMI ≥ 25kg/m 2 wereincluded. Thesepatientswere,subsequently,dividedinto2groups accordingtotheirBMI.Group1consistedof patientswithBMI:25-34kg/m 2 andgroup2withBMI ≥ 35kg/m 2 . Venousbloodsamples werecollectedfromthesubjectsinamorningfastingstatetomeasureserumVitDlevels. highperformanceliquidchromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) method was used for Vit D measurement. The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) was used to quantify insulin resistance (IR). Results: A total number of 15 subjects (46.9%) had BMI 25 - 34 kg/m 2 (group 1) and 17 subjects had BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 (group 2). Vit D levels were 24.82 ± 13.7 ng/mL in group 1 and 23.56 ± 12.31 ng/mL in group 2. Although Vit D levels were lower than normal limits in both groups, they were not statistically diﬀerent among the groups (p 0.901). Although statistically insigniﬁcant, insulin levels werehigheringroup2thangroup1(19.68 ± 7.91 µ U/mLvs17.6 ± 12.02 µ U/mL;P=0.29)andinsulinlevelswerenegativelycorrelated with Vit D (r = -0,631; P = 0,002; P < 0,05). HOMA-IR levels were insigniﬁcantly higher in group 2 patients than group 1 patients (5.10 ± 2.89 vs 4.19 ± 3.35; P = 0.25). HOMA-IR was negatively correlated with Vit D (r = -0,456; P = 0.05). Conclusions: We demonstrated decreased Vit D levels and a negative correlation among serum insulin levels, HOMA-IR, and Vit D in Turkish obese women. Epidemiological studies, also, indicate that Vit D deﬁciency may be related with IR and the development of diabetes. Further studies are needed.
NUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF COMPLEMENTARY FOOD PRODUCED FROM MULTI-GRAIN BLENDS

Complementary foods are necessary for the infants around the first six months of life to avoid growth faltering, single plant based feed are insufficient in some micro nutrients hence multi grain food . The aim of this study was to produce a complementary food from multimixed grains. African Yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) Maize (Zea mays), Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and Groundnut (Arachis hypogea). The formulated blends were produced in three different samples and each of them was analysed for its Proximate, Mineral, Antinutrient and Sensory properties. The samples included; sample A (50% Corn, 40 Millet, 5% African yam bean and 5% Groundnut), sample B (40% Corn, 40% Millet, 10% African yam bean and 10% Groundnut), sample C (100% Corn). Sample B had the highest energy, Protein, Fat, Carbohydrate Magnesium, Iron and alkaloid content 414.00±0.00, 11.33±0.58, 9.00±0.00, 80.79±2.86, 95.67±0.58, 4.33±0.56, 4.00±0.00 and had lowest moisture content 3.080±0.58. Zinc was 2.00±0.00 in all the samples. Sample C had the highest phytate 5.00±0.00. Sensory evaluation was done by comparing the samples with Cerelac infant formula, Sample B which contained (40% Corn, 40% Millet, 10% Groundnut and 10% African yam bean) was the closest to Cerelac infant formula, it is therefore recommended as a suitable complementary food.
Ectopic Pregnancy in Cases of Recurrent Implantation Failure and Cases of Recurrent Early Pregnancy Loss

Objectives: To calculate the incidence of ectopic pregnancy in cases with recurrent early pregnancy loss and cases of recurrent implantation failure. Methods and materials: This is a retrospective cohort study. 200 women were recruited from the infertility clinic at shat by maternity university hospital seeking fertility. 100 of them were with history of recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and 100 with history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Revisiting their hospital files for the history of ectopic pregnancy was done. Results: 8% of cases of RPL had history of ectopic pregnancy while only 6% of cases of RIF had the history. There was no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.579). There was significantly higher incidence of ectopic pregnancy in both groups if compared with the general population (p = 0.0001 and 0.043) in RPL and RIF consecutively. Conclusions: RPL and RIF may be considered as a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy.
Hydroalcoholic extract of Tribulus terrestris protects against accumulation of platinum in rat kidney

Over the past few decades, a dramatic rise in the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) has been reported. [1,2] Drug-induced nephrotoxicity contributes to the high prevalence and incidence of AKI in both hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. [3] The incidence of medical institution obtained AKI is 5–10 instances greater than that of community-acquired AKI and has an annual incidence of 0.15–7.2%. [4] Cisplatin is more effective chemotherapeutic agents in cancers of the testis, bladder, lung, and ovary. [5] One of the major limitations associated with cisplatin is nephrotoxicity. [6] Cisplatin causes dose-dependent and cumulative nephrotoxic effect so that it might be possible to decrease the dose or withdrawal of the drug. ABSTRACT
Early Gambling Behaviour in Online Games

In this study, we focus on early gambling practices in online games via surveys administered among primary school children and their parents. The convergence of gambling and digital games comes along with new challenges for parental awareness and mediation. The lack of an obligatory strict classification system and labelling of simulated gambling games and their gambling characteristics makes it hard for parents to identify potential risks. In addition, the online context of simulated gambling games lowers the threshold for children to be exposed to gambling activities at a very early age. Our research questions are twofold: (1) What are parents’ perspectives on children’s engagement in gambling games? (2) What do children report about their game play incorporating gambling elements? Our study therefore measures parental mediation of games of chance and explores its relation with early online gambling behaviour in children.
Degree apprenticeships: Disruption or business as usual

Historically, both the construction industry and academia have promoted engagement and collaboration to support a healthy skills supply chain and to address, together, challenges that neither can resolve alone. Such collaboration succeeds only if both parties are contributing and are fully committed to a mutual end. Differing models of collaboration have evolved in the UK and internationally but the current focus on Degree Apprenticeships in the UK has caused there to be much greater prominence of the issues around industryacademia interaction. Degree apprenticeships were part of an initiative introduced by the UK government in 2015 aimed at boosting employer investment in education and training. In April 2017, employers whose pay bill exceeded £3m had a 0.5% levy deducted, which was ring-fenced to support new apprentices. The degree apprentices were to be enrolled onto higher education programmes that were associated with standards and assessment plans designed by employer ‘trailblazer’ groups. The apprentices, who were at degree level, consequently studied as a part time students over a period of upto five years. The apprenticeships are completed when the end point assessment, which is undertaken by the relevant professional body, is successfully passed. This paper explores the extent of disruption this initiative has had to a UK university’s department of the built environment that piloted quantity surveying degree apprenticeships in Jan 16. Data were collected from a survey designed to investigate employer’s expectations of degree apprenticeships, their advantages and disadvantages and to ascertain the impact that the new approach might impact graduate recruitment in future. The survey findings were used to inform the strategic direction of the university’s engagement with industry and with the degree apprenticeship initiative.
Study of 138 La radioactive decays using LaBr 3 scintillators

We present a detailed investigation of the intrinsic activity of LaBr3 scintillators from the natural abundance of radioactive isotope La. Compared to earlier studies of lanthanum halides intrinsic activity, we gained a sharper insight by using samples of different sizes, ranging from 0.16 cm to 347 cm, and by applying in our recent analysis results on the non-proportionality of scintillation response. In addition, we took advantage of the fact that LaBr3 spectrometers offer a unique opportunity, never available before, to study the characteristics of the La electron capture and b radioactive decays that are 2nd order unique forbidden transitions. The observed shape of the b continuum, measured down to the energy of 2 keV, is found to be different than expected from standard nuclear theory, indicating a possible underestimation of the screening effect for b energies below 75 keV. & 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Blood pressure and hypertension

The leading cause of death among the aging population is cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease prevention and modification of disease risk factors are important and worthwhile directions for study because this population is rapidly increasing. Past studies have shown the significance of modifying cardiovascular disease risk factors in Anglo populations where major risk factors of hypertension, elevated cholesterol levels, diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity and smoking have been identified. However, the prevalence of these risk factors and the attitudes towards modifying them have not been studied in the Korean-American elderly population. This preliminary study used questionnaires given to fifty older recently immigrated Korean-American participants of a Korean senior center. Results show that this population has a lower frequency of cardiovascular disease and all risk factors, except for diabetes compared to an Anglo elderly population. In addition, older Korean-American elders were generally unaware of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and uninterested in changing their habits to avoid cardiovascular disease. Increased availability of educational campaigns and health care in Korean are recommended.
Controversy on the role of FoxP3 + regulatory T cells in fibrogenesis in chronic hepatitis C virus infections

Factors predicting survival after post-transplant hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2013;20:342–347. [6] Waghray A, Balci B, El-Gazzaz G, Kim R, Pelley R, Narayanan MK, et al. Safety and efficacy of sorafenib for the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation. Clin Transplant 2013;27:555–561. Carlo Sposito Vincenzo Mazzaferro⇑ The Hepato-Oncology Group, Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Liver Transplantation and Hepatology – Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy ⇑Corresponding author. E-mail address: vincenzo.mazzaferro@istitutotumori.mi. it JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY