Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Baryonic Collapse Efficiency of Galaxy Groups in the RESOLVE and ECO Surveys

We examine the z = 0 group-integrated stellar and cold baryonic (stars + cold atomic gas) mass functions (group SMF and CBMF) and the baryonic collapse efficiency (group cold baryonic to dark matter halo mass ratio) using the RESOLVE and ECO survey galaxy group catalogs and a galform semi-analytic model (SAM) mock catalog. The group SMF and CBMF fall off more steeply at high masses and rise with a shallower low-mass slope than the theoretical halo mass function (HMF). The transition occurs at the group-integrated cold baryonic mass 1011 . The SAM, however, has significantly fewer groups at the transition mass ∼1011 and a steeper low-mass slope than the data, suggesting that feedback is too weak in low-mass halos and conversely too strong near the transition mass. Using literature prescriptions to include hot halo gas and potential unobservable galaxy gas produces a group BMF with a slope similar to the HMF even below the transition mass. Its normalization is lower by a factor of ∼2, in agreement with estimates of warm-hot gas making up the remaining difference. We compute baryonic collapse efficiency with the halo mass calculated two ways, via halo abundance matching (HAM) and via dynamics (extended all the way to three-galaxy groups using stacking). Using HAM, we find that baryonic collapse efficiencies reach a flat maximum for groups across the halo mass range of , which we label “nascent groups. ” Using dynamics, however, we find greater scatter in baryonic collapse efficiencies, likely indicating variation in group hot-to-cold baryon ratios. Similarly, we see higher scatter in baryonic collapse efficiencies in the SAM when using its true groups and their group halo masses as opposed to friends-of-friends groups and HAM masses.
Growth, Debt, and Inequality

After the 2009 global recession, many papers identified a non-linear inverted Ushaped relationship between economic growth and sovereign debt. However, their results are mixed regarding the exact turning point. According to the traditional view, we assume debt-to-growth causality and show that the mixed results depend on the heterogeneity of the non-linear debt-growth relationship. In our sample of 27 countries over the period 1994-2010, countries with a higher Gini index, our measure of income inequality, show lower threshold points upon which further increases in debt reduce growth, but a higher sensitivity of growth to debt changes. Hence, the more even the income distribution, the more a country should be fiscally virtuous to avoid affecting growth. The implication is that policies promoting a more equal income distribution reduce (increase) economic growth in (not) highly indebted countries.
Use of GPS carrier phase double differences

GPS carrier phase single and double difference characteristics are studied. Residual errors obtained from experimental results using independent commercial receivers for two antennas are analyzed. The potential of double differences for vehicle attitude estimation using a multiple antenna configuration with independent receivers is demonstrated. Receiver data synchronization is also given special attention. Keywords— GPS, Attitude Estimation, Double Difference, Carrier Phase.
COLIDE: a collaborative intrusion detection framework for Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT) represent a network of resource-constrained sensor devices connected through the open Internet, susceptible to misuse by intruders. Traditional standalone intrusion detection systems (IDS) are tasked with monitoring device behaviours to identify malicious activities. These systems not only require extensive network and system resources but also cause delays in detecting a malicious actor due to unavailability of a comprehensive view of the intruder's activities. Collaboration among IoT devices enables considering knowledge from a collection of host and network devices to achieve improved detection accuracy in a timely manner. However, collaboration introduces the challenge of energy efficiency and event processing which is particularly significant for resource-constrained devices. In this paper, we present a collaborative intrusion detection framework (COLIDE) for IoT leveraging collaboration among resource-constrained sensor and border nodes for effective and timely detection of intruders. The paper presents a detailed formal description of the proposed framework along with analysis to assess its effectiveness for a typical IoT system. We implemented the COLIDE framework with Contiki OS and conducted thorough experimentation to evaluate its performance. The evaluation demonstrates efficiency of COLIDE framework with respect to energy and processing overheads achieving effectiveness within an IoT system.
A Hierarchal Approach to Activity Recognition in the Home Environment based on Object Usage

Being able to monitor everyday activities of daily life is seen as a key approach for mitigating functional decline among elderly people as it allows context sensitive support to be offered. This paper describes a hierarchal approach for modelling activities of daily life using task sequences generated by object usage data and a mechanism for recognising these activities from sensor data. The underlying motivation of this work is to allow people with early Alzheimer’s disease to have additional years of independent living before the disease reaches the moderate and severe stages. To ameliorate intrusion into personal privacy the monitoring of activities is via simple non-visual sensors with a greater emphasis placed on intelligent reasoning that exploits structures of typical behaviours.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF PRESCHOOL TEACHERS' FLOW LEVELS ON PROFESSIONAL JOB SATISFACTION

The forms of organizational regulation expressed by "Human Resources Management" started to come up after 1980s, and as a result, the concept of "work related flow", which is a positive attitude towards the act of working, gained currency. Based on this concept, the purpose of the present research is investigating whether the people who have flow experience pleasure and excitement while working. 278 pre-school teachers working in pre-school education institutions affiliated to Duzce Provincial Directorate of National Education constitute the universe of the present research conducted in the relational screening model. The work group consisted of 162 preschool teachers who were selected by convenient sampling method. "Job Satisfaction Scale" developed by Kuzgun, Sevim and Hamamci (2005) and "Work-related Flow Scale" developed by Yalcinkaya (2013) were utilised as data collection tools of the present research. According to the findings of the present research, there is a positive relationship between the teachers' flow motivation and Job Satisfaction levels. In addition, there is a significant difference between the flow levels of teachers, employment, seniority, number of students in the class variables. Article visualizations:
EFFECT OF MONDAY-THURSDAY FASTING ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION Minithesis To obtain

DIAN ERLANGGA. Effect of Monday-Thursday Fasting on Cognitive Function. Supervised by BAMBANG SURYOBROTO and AKICHIKA MIKAMI. Human memory is a complex cognitive function. Based on its storage capacity, memory can be distinguished into two kinds. They are short-term and long-term memories. A kind of shortterm memory is called working memory. Working memory is a limited capacity system that holds items of information transiently in mind in the service of comprehension, thinking, and planning. To perform cognitive task, brain requires large energy. Fasting declines blood glucose concentration similar to skipping breakfast. Many people in Indonesia habitually perform fasting every Monday and Thursday irrespective of the month. The Monday-Thursday fasting therefore provides a model of how habitual fasting influences performances on working memory task. Present research used Delayed Matching to Sample paradigm is a widely used method to study visuospatial working memory in human and animal. Test was analyzed by linear mixed effect statistical model using statistical language S which is implemented in lme4 package of program R. Result shows that performance of visuospatial working memory task did not affected by MondayThursday fasting and its duration. It also did not affected by sleep length, and did not differ between male and female. It increased session by session which reflect the ability of subjects to learn the pictorial stimuli.
CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYOLEFINS WASTES BY FTIR SPECTROSCOPY

In this paper the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) method has been used to assess the degradation state (oxidation degree) of different polyolefinic plastic wastes from construction industry, separated in density fractions. Polyolefin oxidation has been identified and quantified by the presence of a strong absorption band assigned to carbonyl groups and its possible influence on the properties and behaviour of the polymer wastes has been critically assessed.
Calibrating and Stabilizing Spectropolarimeters with Charge Shuffling and Daytime Sky Measurements

Well-calibrated spectropolarimetry studies at resolutions of $R>$10,000 with signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) better than 0.01\% across individual line profiles, are becoming common with larger aperture telescopes. Spectropolarimetric studies require high SNR observations and are often limited by instrument systematic errors. As an example, fiber-fed spectropolarimeters combined with advanced line-combination algorithms can reach statistical error limits of 0.001\% in measurements of spectral line profiles referenced to the continuum. Calibration of such observations is often required both for cross-talk and for continuum polarization. This is not straightforward since telescope cross-talk errors are rarely less than $\sim$1\%. In solar instruments like the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST), much more stringent calibration is required and the telescope optical design contains substantial intrinsic polarization artifacts. This paper describes some generally useful techniques we have applied to the HiVIS spectropolarimeter at the 3.7m AEOS telescope on Haleakala. HiVIS now yields accurate polarized spectral line profiles that are shot-noise limited to 0.01\% SNR levels at our full spectral resolution of 10,000 at spectral sampling of $\sim$100,000. We show line profiles with absolute spectropolarimetric calibration for cross-talk and continuum polarization in a system with polarization cross-talk levels of essentially 100\%. In these data the continuum polarization can be recovered to one percent accuracy because of synchronized charge-shuffling model now working with our CCD detector. These techniques can be applied to other spectropolarimeters on other telescopes for both night and day-time applications such as DKIST, TMT and ELT which have folded non-axially symmetric foci.
Scandium in AmFm stars in the light of new atomic data

Context. The abundance anomalies observed in AmFm stars are believed to be caused by atomic diffusion below the superficial convection zone. The process by which these anomalies, which are produced in deep layers, propagate toward the stellar surface is well understood. However, it depends on quantities which are not directly observed: the mass-loss flux and the exact position of convections zones. Scandium, which is systematically underabundant at the surface of AmFm stars, is a key element in understanding the interplay between atomic diffusion and the stellar structure and how this structure evolves with time. Aims. In the light of a new extensive set of atomic data, we calculate much more accurate radiative accelerations of Sc than previously done in the aim to better understand the observed abundance anomalies of this element in AmFm stars. Methods. Two methods are employed to obtain these radiative accelerations based on the so-called SVP (single-valued parameters) parametric method and the GLAM method while employing this new atomic data. Results. The radiative accelerations, shown here in a typical Am stellar model, are discussed in the light of the observed anomalies of Sc. Our results are more compatible with the scenario where the scandium depletion is created below the hydrogen convection zone.
Quality control of full-fat soybean using urease activity: Critical assessment of the method

A critical assessment of the method for determination of urease activity, as an indicator of the degree of full-fat soybean (FFSB) processing, has been undertaken. FFSB was processed by dry extrusion at five temperatures, ranging from 115oC to 165oC, and analyzed for urease activity by two laboratories and by two analysts at each laboratory, using the pH-difference procedure. The in vivo trial with chickens fed the processed FFSB has also been conducted. While the results of two analysts at each laboratory did not differ significantly (P>0.05), there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in urease activity results between the two laboratories. The overall conclusion of this study is that the urease activity determined by pH-difference method can not be recommended as a reliable indicator for FFSB quality control.
Characterization of Fe3O4Magnetic Nanoparticles Modified with Dextran and Investigation of Their Interaction with Protein Amyloid Aggregates

M. Koneracká, A. Antošová, V. Závišová, G. Lancz, Z. Gažová, K. Šipošová, A. Juríková, K. Csach, J. Kováč, N. Tomašovičová, M. Fabián and P. Kopčanský Institute of Experimental Physics, SAS, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia Institute of Geotechnics, SAS, Watsonova 45, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
Geometric construction of Quantum Hall clustering Hamiltonians

Many fractional quantum Hall wave functions are known to be unique and highest-density zero modes of certain "pseudopotential" Hamiltonians. Examples include the Read-Rezayi series (in particular, the Laughlin, Moore-Read and Read-Rezayi Z_3 states), and more exotic non-unitary (Haldane-Rezayi, Gaffnian states) or irrational states (Haffnian state). While a systematic method to construct such Hamiltonians is available for the infinite plane or sphere geometry, its generalization to manifolds such as the cylinder or torus, where relative angular momentum is not an exact quantum number, has remained an open problem. Here we develop a geometric approach for constructing pseudopotential Hamiltonians in a universal manner that naturally applies to all geometries. Our method generalizes to the multicomponent SU(n) cases with a combination of spin or pseudospin (layer, subband, valley) degrees of freedom. We demonstrate the utility of the approach by several examples, including certain non-Abelian multicomponent states whose parent Hamiltonians were previously unknown, and verify the method by numerically computing their entanglement properties.
TAVR: Is The Glass Half Empty or Half Full? A Non-Interventional CardiologistÃ¢ÂÂs View of a New Technology

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is a new, disruptive technology that is currently being widely embraced and aggressively marketed. The technology has the potential to radically alter the conventional clinical approach to aortic stenosis, which affects ~1.5 million Americans, many of whom are elderly. Existing data suggest that the transcatheter strategy has advantages over a conventional surgical approach in the elderly, infirm patient population. However, TAVR remains associated with profound morbidity and mortality reflective of the underlying nature of the disease. Given this, it is important to temper enthusiasm for the technology with a realistic assessment of its impact on the natural progression of the disease, especially in the elderly and infirm population that is currently being targeted. The commercial roll-out of the percutaneous aortic valve program (TAVR) in the US began in the Spring of 2012 and as of March 2013 more than 200 sites have been opened and more than 4500 procedures have been performed. (In Europe, the TAVR approach has been sanctioned since 2007, and nearly 40,000 percutaneous valves have been deployed.) The FDA allowed this technology to move forward in the US based on a carefully documented randomized trial experience but with a series of caveats, most notably: 1. that the sites identified must have substantial experience and expertise with complex cardiac interventions (on both the surgical and interventional cardiology fronts); 2. That patients selected for TAVR must have sufficient co-morbidities so as not to be conventional surgical candidates and 3. That comprehensive registry data has to be collected in order to document real world experience in the US with this new technology [1-3]. The appropriate concern was that if the technology was released in a haphazard fashion without careful attention to patient selection and quality control, then the outcomes would likely be sub-optimal and the health care costs would be high [4]. From all indications, these safeguards are in place and are currently buffering (if not completely tamping down) the high level of enthusiasm for the procedure throughout the interventional cardiology community. Currently only one valve type is commercially available in the US (the Sapien Valve, made by Edwards Lifesciences) and it is anticipated that other manufacturers will shortly move their devices forward into
Maize for bread under organic agriculture

Maize (Zea mays L.) bread is increasingly appreciated by consumers from the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the ancient maize varieties specifically selected for those uses have been replaced by hybrids with higher yield and lower flour quality. Besides, maize available comes from intensive agriculture, involving herbicides, insecticides and other potentially dangerous products. Organic production of traditional maize varieties for human consumption could be valuable for raising the returns of small local farmers in the northwest of Spain and the north of Portugal, and for matching the demands of consumers. Autochthonous varieties have been evaluated under organic farming and the quality of those with higher yield for bakery. Four autochthonous varieties were identified with the best performance under organic conditions and adequate quality for making bread and other traditional maize foods. Those varieties are "Tuy" (yellow kernel and medium growing cycle), "Sarreaus" (yellow kernel and early cycle), "Meiro" (black kernel and late cycle), and "Rebordanes" (white kernel and medium-early cycle). Traditional white, yellow and black maize varieties have been identified, and a selection program for increasing yield and quality is being performed for each.
The Effect of Information Disclosure Quality on Stock Price Crash Risk: Evidence from Listed Companies in China

From most prior studies, the effect of information disclosure quality on stock price crash risk is negative. However, using a large sample of Chinese firms for the period of 2001-2012, we find a nonlinear U-shape link between information disclosure quality and crash risk. Using synchronicity risk indicator R as the proxy of information transparency, we find that opaque firms, as well as excessive transparent firms, are both more prone to stock price crashes. We identify one possible mechanism through which excessive transparency increases crash risk: excessive volatility augments volatility feedback effect and overreaction effect and then increases crash risk.
Deployment of a Tethered-Balloon System for Microphysics and Radiative Measurements in Mixed-Phase Clouds at Ny-Ålesund and South Pole

AbstractA tethered-balloon system capable of making microphysical and radiative measurements in clouds is described and examples of measurements in boundary layer stratus clouds in the Arctic and at the South Pole are presented. A 43-m3 helium-filled balloon lofts an instrument package that is powered by two copper conductors in the tether. The instrument package can support several instruments, including, but not limited to, a cloud particle imager; a forward-scattering spectrometer probe; temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind sensors; ice nuclei filters; and a 4-π radiometer that measures actinic flux at 500 and 800 nm. The balloon can stay aloft for an extended period of time (in excess of 24 h) and conduct vertical profiles up to about 1–2 km, contingent upon payload weight, wind speed, and surface elevation. Examples of measurements in mixed-phase clouds at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard (79°N), and at the South Pole are discussed. The stratus clouds at Ny-Alesund ranged in temperature from 0° to −10°C and.
Molecular prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem in the developing countries including Pakistan. This study aimed to investigate various risk factors and prevalence of HBV in different areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. A total of 1439 individuals (1021 males and 418 females) suspected for hepatitis B infection were screened for HBsAg. All the samples were blindly analyzed for HBV DNA by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of the total, 49.5% were found positive for HBsAg. Of these HBsAg positive patients, 83.03% were confirmed for HBV DNA. Of the 726 HBsAg negative individuals, 37 (24 males and 13 females) were found positive for HBV DNA. 629 HBV DNA positive individuals include 70.43% male and 29.57% female. Higher prevalence rate (16.53%) was observed in Malakand and lowest (13.35%) in Mardan. Mostly young people with age 16 to 30 years were infected as compared to other age group. Risk factors observed in HBV positive individuals were unhygienic barber practice, blood transfusion, general and dental surgery, unsafe injection and sharing personal items. Trend of sharing personal items was common (20.19%). Extensive vaccination and other preventive measures should be taken to stop the spread of this dreadful disease in the study area. Key words: Hepatitis B Virus, prevalence, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), risk factor
Financial Development and Poverty Reduction: Can There be a Benefit without a Cost?

Abstract This article investigates how financial development helps to reduce poverty directly through a distributional effect, beyond its indirect effect through economic growth. The results obtained with data for a sample of developing countries from 1966 through 2000 suggest that the poor benefit from the ability of the banking system to facilitate transactions and provide savings opportunities (through the McKinnon ‘conduit effect’) but to some extent fail to reap the benefit from greater availability of credit. Moreover, financial development is accompanied by financial instability, which is particularly detrimental to the poor. Nevertheless, the benefits of financial development for the poor outweigh the cost.