Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Triangulum II. Not Especially Dense After All

Among the Milky Way satellites discovered in the past three years, Triangulum II has presented the most difficulty in revealing its dynamical status. Kirby et al. identified it as the most dark-matter-dominated galaxy known, with a mass-to-light ratio within the half-light radius of . On the other hand, Martin et al. measured an outer velocity dispersion that is 3.5 ± 2.1 times larger than the central velocity dispersion, suggesting that the system might not be in equilibrium. From new multi-epoch Keck/DEIMOS measurements of 13 member stars in Triangulum II, we constrain the velocity dispersion to be km s−1 (90% C.L.). Our previous measurement of , based on six stars, was inflated by the presence of a binary star with variable radial velocity. We find no evidence that the velocity dispersion increases with radius. The stars display a wide range of metallicities, indicating that Triangulum II retained supernova ejecta and therefore possesses, or once possessed, a massive dark matter halo. However, the detection of a metallicity dispersion hinges on the membership of the two most metal-rich stars. The stellar mass is lower than galaxies of similar mean stellar metallicity, which might indicate that Triangulum II is either a star cluster or a tidally stripped dwarf galaxy. Detailed abundances of one star show heavily depressed neutron-capture abundances, similar to stars in most other ultra-faint dwarf galaxies but unlike stars in globular clusters.
Key Schemes for Security Enhanced TEEN Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), hierarchical routing protocol is commonly used for energy efficiency. In particular, the TEEN (Threshold sensitive Energy Efficient sensor Network) protocol is used widely as a basic clustered multihop routing protocol. However, energy efficient routing protocols without proper security suffer from many security vulnerabilities. Hence, in this paper, we propose a hybrid key scheme specially for the TEEN protocol: a symmetric key scheme for the intracluster and a public key scheme for the intercluster. The simulation results show that network lifetime of the proposed hybrid key scheme decreases about 8% than the TEEN protocol and about 4% compared with the TEEN protocol with symmetric key scheme. On the other hand, a hybrid key scheme provides better probability of successful transmission than that of the symmetric key scheme.
LOW-RANK TENSOR STRUCTURE OF SOLUTIONS TO ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS WITH JUMPING COEFFICIENTS

Sergey Dolgov Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Russia Email: sergey.v. dolgov@gmail.com Boris N. Khoromskij Max-Planck-Institute for Mathematics in Sciences, Inselstr. 22-26, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany Email: bokh@mis.mpg. de Ivan Oseledets Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina 8, 119991 Moscow, Russia ivan.oseledets@gmail.com Eugene E. Tyrtyshnikov Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina 8, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia; University of Siedlce, Poland (visiting professor) Email: tee@inm.ras. ru
On inverse problem of determination of the coefficient in strongly degenerate parabolic equation

We prove the existence and uniqueness theorems for inverse problem of determination of the lower coefficient in the Black-Scholes type equation with additional condition of integral observation. These results are based on the investigation of unique solvability of corresponding direct problem which is of independent interest. We give the example of the inverse problem for which the conditions of the theorems proved are fulfilled.
Adipositas und Krebs

Zusammenfassung Wachsende wissenschaftliche Evidenz zeigt einen Zusammenhang von Übergewicht und Adipositas mit dem Krebsrisiko auf. Bisher besteht überzeugende Evidenz dafür, dass Adipositas das Risiko für kolorektale Karzinome, postmenopausale Mammakarzinome, Endometriumkarzinome, Nierenzellkarzinome, Adenokarzinome der Speiseröhre sowie Pankreaskarzinome erhöht. Dabei steigt das Erkrankungsrisiko pro Zunahme des Body-Mass-Index um 5 kg/m2 zwischen 12 % und 51 % an. Neben der allgemeinen übt die abdominelle Adipositas einen zusätzlichen risikoerhöhenden Effekt bei Adenokarzinomen des Ösophagus und kolorektalen Karzinomen aus. Adipositas ist auch mit einem höheren Risiko für Karzinome der Leber und des Ovars assoziiert, wenngleich die Datenlage hier weniger umfangreich ist. Die Mechanismen, die diese Zusammenhänge erklären könnten, sind nicht eindeutig geklärt und unterscheiden sich je nach Krebsentität. Zu den wichtigsten möglichen erklärenden Mechanismen gehören Komponenten des metabolischen Syndroms, insbesondere Insulinresistenz und die daraus folgende Hyperinsulinämie, chronisch entzündliche Veränderungen, Steroidhormone sowie vom Fettgewebe sezernierte Zytokine, wie Leptin und Adiponectin.
Development strategy for GaN-based high-efficiency hybrid medium-power RF amplifiers through low-cost substrate prototyping

Two high-efficiency power amplifiers have been designed, fabricated, and tested using a commercially available GaN HEMT transistor and a low-cost hybrid microstrip PCB. The designed hybrid modules are a “tuned load” Class B amplifier and a Class F amplifier. The simulated performances show a peak efficiency of 72 and 78 % with an output power of 5 and 4.5W respectively. The measured performance, although still satisfactory, exhibits an efficiency of 60 and 55 %, respectively, for the two stages. The paper presents a discussion on the design approach, on the intrinsic/extrinsic load to be presented to the active device, and on the cause of the efficiency drop occurring between the simulated and measurement performances.
Corporate actors, the UN Sustainable Development Goals and Earth System Governance: A research agenda

The Anthropocene requires significant shifts and innovation in policy as well as human action and behavior. While much research attention has focused on society and policy makers, we know significantly less about how businesses exercise agency as part of Earth System Governance such as their contribution to the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Concerns are mounting over how large corporations are being governed and how businesses generally should operate in the Anthropocene. In this Perspective, we outline three potential high-impact areas for interdisciplinary research: (1) integrating global goals into corporate target-setting; (2) integrating global goals into codes of corporate governance; and (3) integrating global goals into new business models. We argue that understanding the role that corporate actors play in Earth System Governance is of vital importance to ensure efforts and outcomes are effective and equitable.
Inhibition of Pituitary Gonadotropin Secretion in Domestic Fowl by Enheptin (2-Amino, 5-Nitrothiazole)

Summary Administration of gonadotropic substances simultaneously with Enheptin (2-amino, 5-nitrothiazole) sustained sexual activity in most cases. Failure to restore sexual normality in all cases is probably due to the quality and quantity of administered gonadotropic hormone. The drug Enheptin was not able to suppress thyroidal hypertrophy during thiouracil treatment. Pituitary gonadotropic hormone potency is reduced in intact as well as capons treated with Enheptin.
miR-125a-5p Regulates Differential Activation of Macrophages and Inflammation*

Background: The role of miRNAs in macrophage polarization has not been well defined. Results: miR-125a-5p promotes M2, while it suppresses M1 macrophage polarization. Conclusion: miR-125a-5p is an important regulator of the differential activation of macrophages. Significance: Delineation of the role of miR-125a-5p in macrophage polarization provides insights into miRNA regulation of inflammation, tissue repair and tumor progression. Macrophage activation is a central event in immune responses. Macrophages undergoing classical activation (M1 macrophages) are proinflammatory, whereas alternatively activated macrophages (M2 macrophages) are generally anti-inflammatory. miRNAs play important regulatory roles in inflammatory response. However, the manner in which miRNAs regulate macrophage activation in response to different environmental cues has not been well defined. In this study, we found that M-BMM macrophages (M2) express greater levels of miR-125a-5p than do GM-BMM macrophages (M1). Stimulation of macrophages through TLR2 and TLR4 but not through TLR3 enhanced miR-125a-5p expression. Up-regulation of miR-125a-5p after TLR2/4 activation requires the adaptor MYD88 but not TRIF. Overexpression of miR-125a-5p diminished M1 phenotype expression induced by LPS but promoted M2 marker expression induced by IL-4. In contrast, knockdown of miR-125a-5p promoted M1 polarization and diminished IL-4-induced M2 marker expression. We found that miR-125a-5p targets KLF13, a transcriptional factor that has an important role in T lymphocyte activation and inflammation. KLF13 knockdown had similar effects on M1 activation as did miR-125a-5p overexpression. In addition, miR-125a-5p regulates phagocytic and bactericidal activities of macrophages. Our data suggest that miR-125a-5p has an important role in suppressing classical activation of macrophages while promoting alternative activation.
Dichloridobis[(1S,1S′,2R,2R′)-(+)-1,1′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-diphospholane-κ2 P,P′]ruthenium(II)

In the title compound, [RuCl2(C16H32P2)2], the RuII ion is situated on a twofold rotation axis, so the asymmetric unit contains one half-molecule. The slightly distorted octahedral environment of the Ru center is formed by four P atoms [Ru—P = 2.4417 (6) and 2.4544 (6) Å] from two different (1S,1S′,2R,2R′)-TangPhos ligands [(1S,1S′,2R,2R′)-TangPhos = (1S,1S′,2R,2R′)-(+)-1,1′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-diphospholane] and two Cl atoms [Ru—Cl = 2.4267 (5) Å].
An improved, centralised algorithm for detection and resolution of distributed deadlock in the generalised model

In this paper, we present a new centralised algorithm to detect and resolve generalised deadlock in distributed systems. The initiator of this algorithm induces a directed spanning tree by diffusing the probe messages among its dependent processes. It then collects replies that carry the dependency information of the dependent process to determine a deadlock. Moreover, the initiator of this algorithm performs reduction once it receives a reply from an active process unlike the existing algorithms. Hence, it terminates the execution when it detects a deadlock without waiting for termination detection. We have asserted the correctness of the algorithm formally. It has a worst-case time complexity of d+2 time units, message complexity of e+2n messages and message size of O(n), where n is the number of nodes, e is the number of edges and d is the diameter in the wait-for graph. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with that of the existing centralised algorithms in terms of deadlock duration, message traffic and message size using simulation. Numerical results reveal that the performance of the proposed algorithm is equal or better than that of the existing algorithms.
Have you seen ? Small , smaller . . . dendritic spine

Spines are highly motile protrusions emerging from the dendritic shafts of neurons. The dynamics of these postsynaptic structures are ruled by actin filament turnover. However, our understanding of the mechanisms of actin polymerization in dendritic spines is quite ambiguous. A recent study by the Giannone laboratory (Chazeau et al, 2014) is now shedding some light on the peculiar features of actin polymerization in dendritic spines, which are distinct from the known canonical mechanisms.
Infrastructure P2P pour la Réplication et la Réconciliation des Données. (P2P Infrastructure for Data Replication and Reconciliation)

Dans notre these, nous nous interessons a la construction d'une infrastructure Pair-a-Pair (P2P) pour la reconciliation des donnees des applications d'edition de texte collaborative. Cependant, cette tâche est difficile a realiser etant donne le comportement dynamique des pairs. Au regard de l'etat de l'art, le modele des transformees operationnelles (OT) est une approche typiquement utilisee pour la gestion de la replication optimiste dans le contexte d'edition de texte distribuee. Toutefois, la plupart des solutions d'OT ne passent pas a l'echelle et ne sont pas adaptees aux reseaux P2P. Pour repondre a ce probleme, nous proposons une nouvelle approche appelee P2P-LTR (Estampillage et Journalisation P2P pour la Reconciliation) pour la reconciliation des donnees a base d'OT, qui assure la coherence a terme malgre la dynamicite et les cas de pannes. P2P-LTR offre un service de journalisation P2P et un service d'estampillage fiable et reparti fonctionnant sur un modele de reseau a base de DHT. Dans notre approche, les mises a jour sont estampillees et stockees en P2P dans des journaux a forte disponibilite. Lors de la reconciliation, ces mises a jour sont recuperees selon un ordre total continu afin d'assurer la coherence a terme. En outre, P2P-LTR traite les cas ou les pairs peuvent rejoindre ou quitter le systeme pendant les operations de mise a jour. Nous avons evalue les performances de P2P-LTR par simulation. Les resultats montrent l'efficacite et le passage a l'echelle de notre solution.
Intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy for systemic sclerosis. A single-center experience and review of the literature with pooled analysis of lung function test results.

OBJECTIVE Oral cyclophosphamide (CYC) is a promising therapy for Systemic Sclerosis (SSc)-related interstitial lung disease (ILD). The use of intravenous (i.v.) pulses has been considered as an alternative route of drug administration, possibly associated with reduced toxicity. Our objectives were to re-evaluate our experience with i.v. CYC, to review the literature, and to pool our results with those available from other groups, improving the statistical power of the analysis. METHODS 1) Retrospective analysis of our center experience on 16 patients with SSc and active alveolitis, treated with i.v. CYC 750 mg + 6-methylprednisolone 125 mg every 3 weeks. 2) Pooled analysis of papers published in peer-reviewed journals reporting detailed data on each patient treated with i.v. CYC. The end-point was modification in the results of lung function tests (LFT) after 6 months. Piecewise regression analysis was performed using a linear mixed-effects model adjusted for baseline values to evaluate the changes in LFT. RESULTS Retrospective analysis. In the period before therapy there was a significant deterioration in FVC (in 6 months: -4.3%; p=0.0009) and DLCO (-2.1%; p=0.018). After 6 months of treatment there was a modest improvement in the FVC (+2.7% p=0.08) and DLCO (+2.2%; p=0.08). Pooled analysis. In 53 evaluable patients, the improvement in LFT reached conventional statistical significance (FVC: +2.85%; 95% confidence intervals: +0.04, +5.66%; p=0.04. DLCO: +4.4%; 95% confidence intervals: +1.2%, +7.5%; p<0.001). CONCLUSION i.v. CYC for 6 months can achieve a small, but significant improvement of LFT in patients with SSc and active alveolitis.
Set of Security Parameters for Cloud Computing Storage System

Storage-as-a-Service offered by cloud service suppliers (CSPs) could be a paid facility that permits organizations to source their sensitive information to be hold on remote servers. During this paper, we tend to propose a cloud-based storage theme permits} the info owner to learn from the facilities offered by the CSP and enables indirect mutual trust between them. The planned theme has four vital features: (i) it permits the owner to source sensitive information to a CSP, and perform full block-level dynamic operations on the outsourced information, i.e., block modification, insertion, deletion, and append, (ii) it ensures that licensed users (i.e., those that have the proper to access the owner's file) receive the most recent version of the outsourced information, (iii) it allows indirect mutual trust between the owner and also the CSP, and (iv) it permits the owner to grant or revoke access to the outsourced information. we tend to discuss the protection problems with the planned theme. Besides, we tend to justify its performance through theoretical analysis and a model implementation on Amazon cloud platform to judge storage, communication, and computation overheads.
Uso de massive open online course en la enseñanza de matemáticas

En este trabajo exploratorio se pretende determinar si una plataforma virtual de contenidos personalizados de aprendizaje ayuda a incrementar la dedicacion de los estudiantes en la materia de Analisis Matematico II. Para lo cual, se recabaron datos semanales de actividad de los estudiantes tanto dentro como fuera del aula de clase por un periodo de 11 semanas, comenzando el 10 de Marzo hasta el 25 de Mayo del 2014. El alcance y objetivo de esta investigacion es medir la cantidad de horas dedicadas por los estudiantes a la materia; esta informacion cobra valor al permitir realizar comparaciones con promedios de dedicacion publicados por otros autores usando otros metodos de ensenanza, e.g. en su estudio Garmendia, Guisasola, Barragues y Zuza (2006) encuentran que para una materia con una asignacion horaria de 4 horas a la semana, los estudiantes dedican un promedio de 3.28 horas de forma independiente, lo que resulta en un promedio de 7.28 horas de estudio total de la materia por semana.
Low-level Laser Treatment Relieves Pain and Neurological Symptoms in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

[Purpose] This placebo-controlled study investigated the therapeutic effects of low-level laser treatment (LLLT) on the transverse carpal ligament in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). [Subjects and Methods] Idiopathic CTS patients were recruited and were randomly assigned to two groups. The laser group (n = 45) received laser treatment (10 Hz, 60 mW, 9.7 J/cm2, 830 nm), and the placebo group (n = 42) received sham laser treatment. The visual analog scale (VAS), Boston Questionnaire scale, neurological symptoms and nerve conduction study (NCS) were conducted before, immediately after and 5 weeks after the treatment. [Results] After LLLT, there was statistically significant decrease in VAS in the laser group (p<0.05). Especially, the effect of LLLT on pain alleviation in the mild CTS group continued after five weeks. Regarding the Boston Questionnaire scale neurological symptoms and NCS, only mild CTS patients in the laser group showed statistically significant improvements after treatment (p<0.05). [Conclusions] LLLT with 830 nm diode lasers on the transverse carpal ligament had verifiable therapeutic effects for mild CTS patients.
Internet móvil : aceptación tecnológica para el cierre de la brecha digital en Colombia

El acceso a las Tecnologias de Informacion y Comunicacion es uno de los pilares de la competitividad y un determinante del desarrollo de los negocios. El Internet es una de las tecnologias de mayor relevancia y su acceso presenta diferencias contrastadas entre paises y personas con mayores niveles de ingreso, frente a aquellos que poseen menores ingresos. El cierre de dicha brecha digital es relevante para el desarrollo de los paises y las regiones, y los medios moviles representan una solucion viable dada su superior penetracion frente al acceso a Internet tradicional de linea fija, implicando una posibilidad de mayor rapidez y menores costos de penetracion. El estudio de la aceptacion del Internet Movil posibilita identificar los determinantes del comportamiento de adopcion de los consumidores, permitiendo proponer estrategias empresariales y gubernamentales para incrementar la penetracion y acelerar el cierre de la brecha digital existente. El presente articulo explora la utilizacion del Modelo de Aceptacion Tecnologica (TAM) como herramienta para describir el comportamiento de aceptacion del Internet Movil por parte de los consumidores colombianos, propone un modelo de hipotetico de ecuaciones estructurales, ratifica la fiabilidad y validez del modelo de medida mediante un Analisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) y contrasta empiricamente las hipotesis propuestas con una muestra de 130 individuos de la ciudad de Medellin. El TAM aplicado obtuvo excelentes indicadores de bondad de ajuste y el no rechazo de la totalidad de hipotesis planteadas, permitiendo identificar la facilidad de uso, la utilidad percibida y la actitud hacia el uso de Internet Movil como antecedentes significativos de la intencion de uso.
A systematic review of wild grass exploitation in relation to emerging cereal cultivation throughout the Epipalaeolithic and aceramic Neolithic of the Fertile Crescent

The present study investigates the occurrence of wild grasses at Epipalaeolithic and aceramic Neolithic sites in the Near East in order to assess their role in subsistence economies alongside the emergence of cereal cultivation. We use Chogha Golan in the foothills of the central Zagros Mountains (ca. 11.7–9.6 ka cal. BP) as a case study, where the archaeobotanical data suggest the frequent exploitation of a complex of wild grasses for almost 2,000 years. Domesticated emmer replaced these wild grasses as the major food resources towards the end of occupation at the site (ca. 9.8 ka cal. BP). We discuss possible implications of this development and conclude that the traditional concept of pre-domestication cultivation seems unsuited for explaining the patterns from Chogha Golan. These data are in good accordance with the overall picture in the Zagros Mountains, where wild grasses were routinely gathered throughout the early Holocene. In contrast, wild grasses were gradually replaced by wild cereals in the Levantine corridor since the end of the Pleistocene. However, several sites located in this region provide evidence for a continuous exploitation of wild grasses alongside emerging cereal cultivation and most of these taxa were part of the earliest segetal floras that evolved with the appearance of domestic cereals throughout the 11th millennium cal. BP. Some sites contemporary to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B still provide evidence for the usage of wild grasses, which possibly reflects the utilization of edible arable weeds and continuous gathering of wild grasses by more mobile groups.
Sarcolipin trumps β‐adrenergic receptor signaling as the favored mechanism for muscle‐based diet‐induced thermogenesis

Sarcolipin (SLN) regulates muscle‐based nonshivering thermogenesis and is up‐regulated with high‐fat feeding (HFF). To investigate whether other muscle‐based thermogenic systems compensate for a lack of Sln and to firmly establish SLN as a mediator of diet‐induced thermogenesis (DIT), we measured muscle and whole‐body energy expenditure in chow‐ and high‐fat‐fed Sln–/– and wild‐type (WT) mice. Following HFF, resting muscle metabolic rate (VO2, μl/g/s) was increased similarly in WT (0.28±0.02 vs. 0.31 ±0.03) and Sln–/– (0.23±0.03 vs. 0.35±0.02) mice due to increased sympathetic nervous system activation in Sln–/– mice; however, whole‐body metabolic rate (VO2, ml/kg/h) was lower in Sln–/– compared with WT mice following HFF but only during periods when the mice were active in their cages (WT, 2894±87 vs. Sln–/–, 2708±61). Treatment with the β‐adrenergic receptor (β‐AR) antagonist propranolol during HFF completely prevented muscle‐based DIT in Sln–/– mice; however, it had no effect in WT mice, resulting in greater differences in whole‐body metabolic rate and diet‐induced weight gain. Our results suggest that β‐AR signaling partially compensates for a lack of SLN to activate muscle‐based DIT, but SLN is the primary and more effective mediator. —Bombardier, E. , Smith, I. C. , Gamu, D. , Fajardo, V. A. , Vigna, C. , Sayer, R. A. , Gupta, S. C. , Bal, N. C. , Periasamy, M. , Tupling, A. R. , Sarcolipin trumps β‐adrenergic receptor signaling as the favored mechanism for muscle‐based diet‐induced thermogenesis. FASEB J. 27, 3871–3878 (2013). www.fasebj. org