Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complete mitochondrial genome of brownstripe red snapper, Lutjanus vitta (Perciformes: Lutjanidae)

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome of the brownstripe red snapper, Lutjanus vitta was determined by MiSeq sequencing platform. The mitogenome of L. vitta (16,498 bp) encoded the typical 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and two non-coding regions (origin of light strand replication; OL and D-Loop control region; CR). Phylogenetic analysis based on the full mitochondrial genome sequences showed that L. vitta is most closely related to L. russellii. The complete mitogenome sequence of L. vitta would provide the information of the genetic biodiversity in Lutjanus fishes, which would be further used for their scientific management in Indonesian waters.
The Use of High-dose Corticosteroids in Seriously Ill Children with Acute Viral Bronchiolitis

Introduction: The aim of the present study is to investigate whether high-dose corticosteroids cause a clinical improvement in seriously ill children with acute viral bronchiolitis. Methods: Hospital records of patients diagnosed with acute viral bronchiolitis and admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit or general pediatrics service in a tertiary care hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Patients receiving steroids were divided into two subgroups: high-dose and standard-dose corticosteroid recipients. Patients diagnosed with acute viral bronchiolitis but receiving no corticosteroid treatment constituted the control group. Results: While there was no difference between the preand postdrug pulse rates of all three groups, a difference was observed in both preand post-drug breathing rates between the high-dose steroid and control groups. However, there was no difference between the average preand post-drug breathing rates in the highdose steroid, standard-dose steroid and control groups. There was no regression relationship between the treatment applied and either the pulse rate or the breathing rate in the entire study group. Conclusion: The results of our study show that even at high doses, corticosteroids provide no obvious improvement in the patient's clinical status and do not shorten the length of hospitalisation.
Above- and Belowground Responses to Shifts in Soil Moisture in Bearing Apple Trees

Limiting irrigation to increase fruit quality as well as conserve limited water resources is of increasing importance. We examined the links of aboveground growth and physiology to root growth and distribution under cultural practices associated with restricted irrigation and mulching in an apple (‘Gala/M.9’; Malus ×domestica Borkh.) orchard in a semiarid climate. Trees were either mulched to maintain a 10-cm depth or left unmulched. After orchard establishment, half the trees (partially irrigated) received daily drip irrigation only sufficient to meet 50% of daily evapotranspiration for 45 days before fruit harvest using one emitter per tree. The other trees continued to receive 100% irrigation using two emitters. Over three growing seasons, fruit yield was strongly affected in 2 of 3 years by partial irrigation if trees were unmulched but not if mulched. Fruit size and other quality parameters were minimally affected by partial irrigation. Total fine root length in fully irrigated trees was nearly double that of partially irrigated trees. Our results suggest that increases in soil moisture associated with mulching enabled mulched apple trees to tolerate deficit irrigation with minimal consequences for production and quality of apples, but with an overall less extensive and smaller root system.
Social Mobilization to Reduce Vulnerability to Adverse Impacts of Climate Change in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

The extensive land-water interface (320 kilometres) between the Niger Delta and Atlantic Ocean exposes the coastal and low-lying areas to climaterelated sea-level rise. This is associated with hazardous ecological changes and unsustainable communities, compounded by social injustice, civil strife, conflicts, insecurity, and the overwhelmingly negative overall effects on health by the environmental degradation caused by petroleum oil spillages, extensive gas flaring, and frequent disastrous gas explosions. This paper focuses on reviewing the vulnerability of the Niger-Delta region to the adverse effects of climate change, and it also explored the potentials of social mobilization to change collective behaviour towards reducing the carbon footprints, build public support for low-carbon climate change policies including focus on green economy, promote ecological resilience, and build sustainable communities. In the context of climate change, the goal of social mobilization is the application of science and policy to ‘turn vulnerability to adverse impacts of climate change to resilience’. In the Niger Delta region, social mobilization can assist communities, individuals, groups, and organizations to learn, understand the causes and effects of climate change, and turn vulnerability into resilience. This can be achieved through selfreliance and participation in the planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of sustainable mitigation measures and strategies for adaptation to climate change. Social mobilization enables ‘bottom-up’ informal, genderdiverse, youth-sensitive, organizational and institutional initiatives for ‘good governance’, political mobilization against social injustice, and the development of alternative forms of conflict resolution. Efficient social mobilization enables social inclusion of all stakeholders, irrespective ofsocioeconomic status, to participate in the decision-making process, and also builds skills and capacity to lead happy and healthy lives. Federal and state government policies, in the Niger Delta region, must ensure that their political agenda for mitigation measures and strategies for adaptation to climate change adopts social mobilization as an effective tool to turn ‘vulnerability to resilience’ through a multi-sectoral, multi-jurisdictional, and multidisciplinary participatory approach.
Genetic differentiation between estuarine and open coast ecotypes of a dominant ecosystem engineer

Temperate intertidal shores globally are often dominated by habitat-forming seaweeds, but our knowledge of these systems is heavily biased towards northern hemisphere species. Rocky intertidal shores throughout Australia and New Zealand are dominated by a single monotypic species, Hormosira banksii. This species plays a key role in facilitating biodiversity on both rocky shores and estuarine habitats, yet we know little about the processes that structure populations. Herein we characterise the genetic diversity and structure of Hormosira and demonstrate strong restrictions to gene flow over small spatial scales, as well as between estuarine and open coast populations. Estuarine ecotypes were often genetically unique from nearby open coast populations, possibly due to extant reduced gene flow between habitats, founder effects and coastal geomorphology. Deviations from random mating in many locations suggest complex demographic processes are at play within shores, including clonality in estuarine populations. Strong isolation by distance in Hormosira suggests that spatial management of intertidal habitats will necessitate a network of broad-scale protection. Understanding patterns of genetic diversity and gene flow in this important ecosystem engineer will enhance the ability to manage, conserve and restore this key species into the future.
Genome Cytosine Methylation May Affect Growth and Wood Property Traits in Populations of Populus tomentosa

Growth and wood formation are crucial and complex biological processes during tree development. These biological regulatory processes are presumed to be controlled by DNA methylation. However, there is little direct evidence to show that genes taking part in wood regulation are affected by cytosine methylation, resulting in phenotypic variations. Here, we detected epimarkers using a methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) method and performed epimarker–trait association analysis on the basis of nine growth and wood property traits within populations of 432 genotypes of Populus tomentosa. Tree height was positively correlated with relative full-methylation level, and 1101 out of 2393 polymorphic epimarkers were associated with phenotypic traits, explaining 1.1–7.8% of the phenotypic variation. In total, 116 epimarkers were successfully sequenced, and 96 out of these sequences were linked to putative genes. Among them, 13 candidate genes were randomly selected for verification using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and it also showed the expression of nine putative genes of PtCYP450, PtCpn60, PtPME, PtSCP, PtGH, PtMYB, PtWRKY, PtSTP, and PtABC were negatively correlated with DNA methylation level. Therefore, it suggested that changes in DNA methylation might contribute to regulating tree growth and wood property traits.
Retina Injury After Dexamethasone Injection Into a Vitrectomized Eye

Purpose: This work reports a case of retinal and vitreous hemorrhage after a dexamethasone (Ozurdex, Allergan) intravitreal implant injection to treat clinically significant macular edema (ME) in a patient with moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Methods: A 61-year-old woman who had a vitrectomy 3 years prior in the right eye underwent intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection in the right eye. Immediately after the injection, the patient noted numerous floaters, with visual acuity decline from 20/30 before injection, to counting fingers at 3 feet after injection. Dilated examination revealed the dexamethasone implant resting against the retina, just inferior to the inferior arcade. On 360° fundus examination, the retina was found to be flat and attached. Optical coherence tomography of the macula demonstrated that the dexamethasone implant was preretinal, possibly having lifted the internal limiting membrane. Results: Thirty minutes after the injection, the patient reported that her vision was starting to clear. The patient was informed about what had transpired and warned about signs and symptoms of retinal detachment. She canceled her 1-week follow-up appointment because her vision returned to baseline. By 4 weeks post injection, her vision was 20/20 without macular edema. Conclusions: This case represents the first reported instance in which retinal impact by an Ozurdex implant was observed without treatment and vision recovered to baseline.
Waterbird Communities in Subsidence Wetlands Created by Underground Coal Mining in China: Effects of Multi-Scale Environmental and Anthropogenic Variables

Summary Underground coal mining in the North China Plain has created large-scale subsidence wetlands that may attract waterbirds that use them as complementary habitats. However, no study has been conducted to understand avian use of these created wetlands, inhibiting the formulation of effective management plans. Here, we carried out 12 semi-monthly surveys in 55 subsidence wetlands during the 2016–2017 migration and wintering period and performed direct multivariate analyses, combined with variance partitioning, to test the effects of multi-scale habitat variables on the waterbird assemblages. A total of 89 349 waterbirds representing 60 species were recorded, with seasonal fluctuations in species richness and bird abundance. Waterbird community structures were shaped by four groups of variables at local, landscape and human levels with different effects among seasons. Anthropogenic disturbance was the most important factor group, negatively affecting most guilds. Waterbirds in this human-dominated environment are under a variety of potential threats that should be further studied. The subsidence wetlands are still expanding, and if managed effectively, may provide important complementary habitats for a wide array of waterbird species, particularly for those migrating along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. Our study provides key baseline data regarding the waterbird communities and may help with the designing of effective management and conservation plans.
Use of probiotics in diets of wild-type chickens and its effects on performance

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of male colonial chickens fed diet supplemented with commercial probiotic (Calsporin ®). A total of 210 male chicks Label Rouge lineage were used and they were raised in experimental shed up to 30 days old. These birds had free access to the pickets of Tifton-85, from 31-90 days of age. The experimental design was completely randomized, two treatments, one containing feed supplemented with probiotic Bacillus subtillis (300 g t-1 Bacillus subtillis 1×109 UFCg-1) and another one without it, with ten replications per treatment, consisting of 21 chickens/replication. The mean of body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion (FC), mortality and viability were evaluated. The data were submitted to variance analysis and the averages of the treatments were compared by the F-test at 5% of significance. The addition of probiotic (300 g t-1 Bacillus subtillis 1×109 UFCg-1) in the diet of Label Rouge broilers did not interfere in the MW, WG, and FC variables in the total period from 1 to 90 days (P>0.05); the MFI variable differed (P <0.05), with higher consumption in chickens receiving the diet with the probiotic. The inclusion of probiotic in the wild-type chicken ration did not improve the productive performance of poultries possibly due to a low challenge by pathogenic microorganisms in the environments in which they were raised.
The Pattern of Antibiotic Resistance of Common Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infections

Background: Nosocomial infection is one of the most important health problems across the world. Nosocomial infection causes 99,000 deaths and patients spend over 30 million dollars per year in America. The current study aimed to determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance of common bacteria causing nosocomial infections in Besat Hospital, Hamedan, Iran. Methods: This cross sectional prospective study was conducted in Besat hospital for four months. Each of the non-pediatric patients in different wards of the hospital with various types of nosocomial infections in accordance with CDC guidelines were enrolled, and cultured chip samples, urine, blood and wound specimens for culture and susceptibility were sent to a laboratory. All micro-organisms isolated from cultures were considered in antimicrobial resistance patterns. Antimicrobial resistance pattern (KirbyBauer method) of bacterial isolates was determined according to the report/ test table of CLSI M100-S23 instructions. Results: Of 10,332 hospitalized patients we reported 266 (2.6%) with nosocomial infections and the VAP was the most common nosocomial infection. Among 266 bacterial isolates, the highest prevalent bacterium belonged to the E. coli with prevalence 61(22.9%) followed by Klebsiella, Acinetobacter and S. aureus with prevalence of 42(15.8%), 36(13.5%) and 26(9.8%), respectively. In Gram-negative bacteria maximum resistance to ciprofloxacin and minimum resistance to Colistin and Imipenem was observed. The prevalence of MRSA in VAP, CLA-BSI and SSI was 3.3, 22.2 and 54.5 %. Resistance to Vancomycin in Staphylococci was not observed, but in Enterococci resistance to Vancomycin was 42.9%. Conclusion: The main problem in this hospital is MDR Gram-negative infections rather than Staphylococcus aureus. Knowing the pattern of antimicrobial resistance can prevent prescribing inappropriate antibiotics and effective steps can be taken towards reducing microbial resistance.
Mycological and Mycotoxins Analysis of Kareish and Soft Cheese in Assiut, Egypt

During the present study 80 samples of kareish (semi-soft cheese with 20% fats) and soft cheese (40 % fats) were collected Assiut City during June to December 2015. The fungal content of these samples was evaluated using Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol (DRBC) and Yeast Extract Malt extract (YM) agar media. The fungal count per sample ranged from 7 colonies/g in soft cheese to 44800 colonies/g in kareish cheese. the total number of fungal species in kareish cheese was slightly lower on DRBC than on YM (24 and 29 species respectively). The number of fungal species per sample fluctuated between 1-8 species with the highest being recovered from kareish cheese. Aspergillus was the most prevalent genus contaminating 45 -85 % of the samples with the highest being recovered from Kareish Cheese. Penicillium came next contaminating 20 - 47.5% of samples with white soft cheese being the most affected product. Candida, Clavispora, Klyveromyces and Pichia contaminated 2.5-65 % of samples and the highest incidence was that of Clavispora in kareish cheese. Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, A. flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. aurantiogriseum and P. brevicompactum were the commonest species in cheese samples. Some yeast fungi were identified by sequencing of rRNA gene. Among the 19 species of yeasts Candida tropicalis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Pichia kudriavzevii, Pichia membranifaciens and kluyveromyces lactis were the most common. Testing the natural occurrence of aflatoxins revealed that AFM1 contaminated 55% and 50 % of kareish and soft cheese respectively whereas AFM2 was found only in 10 % of kareish cheese samples.
Building Acoustic and Language Model for Continuous Speech Recognition in Bahasa Indonesia

Here a development of an Acoustic and Language Model is presented. Low Word Error Rate is an early good sign of a good Language and Acoustic Model. Although there are still parameters other than Words Error Rate, our work focused on building Bahasa Indonesia with approximately 2000 common words and achieved the minimum threshold of 25% Word Error Rate. There were several experiments consist of different cases, training data, and testing data with Word Error Rate and Testing Ratio as the main comparison. The language and acoustic model were built using Sphinx4 from Carnegie Mellon University using Hidden Markov Model for the acoustic model and ARPA Model for the language model. The models configurations, which are Beam Width and Force Alignment, directly correlates with Word Error Rate. The configurations were set to 1e-80 for Beam Width and 1e-60 for Force Alignment to prevent underfitting or overfitting of the acoustic model. The goals of this research are to build continuous speech recognition in Bahasa Indonesia which has low Word Error Rate and to determine the optimum numbers of training and testing data which minimize the Word Error Rate. Keywords— Acoustic Model; Language Model; Speech Recognition; Word Error Rate
Influence of Water Stress Levels on the Yield and Lycopene Content of Tomato

Good water supply practice provides benefits such as water and energy conservation but also alters the quality of yield. These effects of irrigation on yield quantity and quality are widely researched in the case of many plants. In tomato it can affect the soluble solids content positively together with a slight reduction in yield quantity as confirmed by many studies. There are results in the literature regarding its effect on carotenoid composition and lycopene content as well, but the effect on lycopene isomers has not been revealed yet. In this study, we investigated how different water supply levels affect yield quantity and quality, focusing on lycopene components. A two-year open field irrigation experiment with a center pivot capable of variable rate irrigation was conducted on processing tomato. The water supply levels were 100%, 75%, and 50% of ETc (crop evapotranspiration) until the beginning of the ripening stage, calculated by AquaCrop compared to control without regular irrigation. The results suggested that 75% of ETc supplied till the beginning of ripening, was a balanced water supply level regarding yield quantity, soluble solids content and lycopene concentration and yields, such as higher concentration and ratio to total carotenoids. The evaluation of cis-lycopene concentration and ratio to all-trans did not show clear results in the two years.
Morfometria de sementes, germinação in vitro e propagação vegetativa de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.)

Os objetivos neste estudo foram analisar a germinacao in vitro, os processos germinativos de sementes e determinar as melhores condicoes da propagacao vegetativa de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.). Os caracteres morfobiometricos da semente foram mensurados e descritos, analisou-se tambem diferentes concentracoes de sacarose no processo germinativo in vitro e o efeito do acido indolbutirico (AIB) no enraizamento adventicio de tres tipos de estacas.
The Chemopreventive Effects of The Combination Between Tea Leaf and Mandarine Peel Extract on Breast Cancer Cell

The number of breast cancer patients is increasing high in the world. This study aims to determine the chemopreventive effect of a combination of ethanolic extracts of tea leaves and mandarin peel in silico and in vitro on T47D breast cancer cells. Extraction by the maceration method used ethanol solvent 70%. The research is an in silico molecular docking utilized software of Autodock Vina to determine the binding affinity of tangeretin compounds and Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on HER-2 protein. The antioxidant test used the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method to determine the antioxidant activity of the combination of tea leaf and mandarine peel (CTM) extract. The in vitro test used the method of 3-(4,5-dimethyltiazol-2-il) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) to determine the value of IC 50 fromCTM on T47D breast cancer cells. The result of this study showed that CTM had a vigorous antioxidant activity with an IC 50 value of 83 μg/ml. CTM had a weak cytotoxic activity with an IC 50 value of 1889 μg/ml. Molecular tethering results of tangeretin and EGCG compounds produced a docking score of -6.6 and -5.0 kcal/mol with docking score proportion consisting of -4.9 kcal/mol of original ligand, -6.1 kcal/mol of doxorubicin and -4.5 kcal/mol of 5-fluorouracil. CTM had potential as a chemopreventive agent based on the robust antioxidant activity data on T47D breast cancer cells and molecular docking on the HER-2 protein.
Tuning the hygro-mechanical response of paper-based systems using glycerol

In recent years, the need for portable, low-cost, and eco-friendly devices for testing and monitoring has arisen. Paper-based devices have emerged as a response to these needs due to the properties induced by capillarity, flexibility, disposability, and biodegradability. In this work, the authors explored the possibility of tuning the hygro-mechanical response of paper-based cantilever beams using glycerol. A lumped-parameter model with non-linear stiffness is used to describe the dynamic response of the beams using three parameters. An experimental method based on resonance frequency tests is used to study the influence of glycerol on the dynamic response of four different beam configurations. The obtained results demonstrate that the resonance frequency of paper-based mechanical systems can be easily tuned by the imbibition of a glycerol–water solution. This study could lead to the development of tunable paper-based mechanical systems for specific applications such as energy harvesters and hygro-mechanical-based sensors.