Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pathological Childhood Masturbation in Children Who Referred to a Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic

Background: Epidemiological information on childhood masturbation and its associated factors have received little attention in Iran. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of pathological childhood masturbation in children as an outpatient child and adolescent psychiatric clinic in Ahvaz. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2015 to 2017on all children (age range of 2 - 12 years) with pathological masturbation who were referred to a child and adolescent psychiatric clinic in Ahvaz. A clinical psychologist and a child and adolescent psychiatrist diagnosed masturbation after taking the history of the child or his/her parent and watching a video of the behavior. The data were collected via clinical interview and demographic form and analyzed via SPSS16. Results: Among 600 children, 65 (10.8%) had pathological masturbation. The most common behavior during masturbation was genital stimulation with hand and rubbing of the genitalia against other objects. The most common emotional states in which they masturbated were boredom (23.07%) and agitation (12.3%). Toilet was the most common location for masturbation (6.15%). The pathological masturbation co-occurred in 76.88% of children with other psychiatric disorders. The most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children with masturbatory behavior were Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with a comorbid psychiatric disorder. Conclusions: Knowing this problem, its behavioral patterns, situations in which masturbation occurs, and its comorbid disorders facilitate diagnosis and prevent unnecessary tests and treatments.
Factors Affecting Brand Switching Behavior in Telecommunication: A Quantitative Investigation in Faisalabad Region

The purpose of the study is to investigate the factors effecting brand switching behavior of customers in the telecommunication industry of Pakistan. The study is conducted in Faisalabad city. A quantitative approach has been employed to measure the relationships between the variables of the study. Primary data was collected through a Questionnaire. The sample of 204 respondents were selected on the basis of convenient sampling. SPSS was used to record and compute data. The Regression analysis, reliability, and Correlation tests were applied in order to test research hypothesis. The findings reveal that price, brand image, network quality, value-added services, and promotional activities directly influence consumer switching behavior among youngsters. The outcomes of the research can help telecommunication companies in deciding what factors are more important to keep customers loyal and to discourage brand switching.
Environmental and Affordable Housing Material - The Use of Bricks and Tiles in Reducing Housing Deficits in Developing Countries: A Case Study at Bongo District, Ghana

Many factors such as inadequate mortgage finance, defective land tenure system, and high cost of land are speculated to influence the housing deficit in Ghana. Rarely do the housing deficit challenges include unavailability of construction materials as a factor. Evidence of clays used in building are common mostly in Great Britain, Italy, Japan and sparsely in developing countries and was used in building in ancient Ghana. Clay is considered as an eco- friendly building material available on earth. The abundance of intrusive rocks in Bongo District led to the exploration and evaluation of clay for bricks and tiles in Balungu and Apamtaga areas. Six pits were dug at these two areas for clay mineralogy studies. The predominant minerals found were quartz, kaolinite, smectite and those present but in trace amounts were dolomite, amphibolite, microcline, plagioclase and muscovite. The predominant minerals also vary in mineral compositions with respect to the characteristics of the underlying geology. The results showed over 50% quartz, 11.8 % kaolinite and 6 . 7% smectite clay minerals occur in most samples analysed. Additional investigation to aid in the determination of the clays suitability for bricks and tiles involved 85 auger drill holes that assessed the clay thickness at Balungu River catchment. An average clay thickness of 4.5 m was calculated from the 85 drill holes drilled over 382 m of core drilled. This drill activity identified 2840000 m2 area with significant clay thickness of 4.5 m averagely. The product of the prospective clay area and the average thickness led to the estimation of clay volume of 12, 78000.00 m3. Using dimensions of standard solid bricks of 0. 222 m × 0.106 m ×0.076 m, an equivalent of 0.00172 m3 60000 bricks can be produced in a day. A total of 38 or 41 production years will be required to exhaust the discovered clay for bricks and tiles. The utilization of clay that are readily abundant in Ghana may significantly provide solutions to the Ghana’s housing deficits and make housing affordable as the product will be cheap.
Regulação da transcrição gênica e bases moleculares do desenvolvimento sexual homotálico do fungo Moniliophthora perniciosa

O ciclo sexual de basidiomicetos e controlado pelo sistema mating type. Este e formado por dois loci multigenicos nao ligados A e B, o locus A codifica duas proteinas homeodominio HD1 e HD2, capazes de heterodimerizacao, enquanto o locus B apresenta genes para receptores de feromonio e feromonios. Em fungos heterotalicos, o desenvolvimento sexual depende da especificidade entre os quatro alelos, sistema este chamado tetrapolar, e e ativado apenas por interacoes especificas entre alelos parentais necessariamente diferentes, assegurando que hifas geneticamente iguais sejam incompativeis. Em contrapartida, a condicao na qual hifas geneticamente iguais sao compativeis e denominada homotalismo. Fungos basidiomicetos sao tipicamente heterotalicos, no entanto, apesar de pertencer a este filo, o fitopatogeno Moniliophthora perniciosa, causador da doenca Vassoura de Bruxa no cacaueiro, e classificado como homotalico primario. Curiosamente, apesar desta classificacao, M. perniciosa contem um sistema genetico tetrapolar, sendo o primeiro fungo descrito com essa caracteristica. Neste trabalho, foi realizada a caracterizacao dos loci mating type em M. perniciosa e verificamos o perfil transcricional destes genes com o objetivo de entender os mecanismos moleculares que atuam no seu comportamento homotalico. Primeiramente, foram identificados no genoma um locus A e um locus B, alem de genes atuantes no processamento e sinalizacao em resposta aos feromonios. O estudo do perfil transcricional destes genes revelou que um receptor tem um perfil de expressao condizente com a fase do ciclo de vida do fungo na qual ocorre o processo de dicariotizacao. A analise funcional dos receptores foi realizada em um sistema expressao heterologa, promissor para o estudo de GPCRs (G coupled proteins receptors), porem nao permitiu confirmar a presenca de alelos compativeis de receptores e precursores de feromonios no genoma de M. perniciosa como uma possivel explicacao ao comportamento homotalico. Tendo em vista o locus A, este e formado por um par MpHD1 e MpHD2, o que difere de outros basidiomicetos devido a insercao de uma sequencia (11,958kb) interrompendo seus promotores. A hipotese neste cenario e que o transposon encontrado no locus A poderia ter permitido um crossover desigual que trariam genes compativeis para o mesmo alelo, sendo responsavel pelo homotalismo na especie. Contrariando essa hipotese, os dados obtidos neste projeto indicam que uma possivel transicao previa ao homotalismo resultou em uma pressao seletiva relaxada sobre os loci mating type, cuja consequencia foi a degeneracao nos genes destes loci. Neste contexto, os genes do mating type poderiam nao estar mais envolvidos na dicariotizacao. Este trabalho, portanto, fornece importantes dados para o entendimento da biologia sexual deste fungo, o que futuramente podera ser correlacionado a sua fitopatogenicidade. Abstract
Organotellurium compounds: an overview of synthetic methodologies

Abstract In wake of emerging applications of organotellurium compounds in biological and material science avenues, the current review describes their key synthetic methodologies while focusing the synthesis of organotellurium compounds through five ligand-to-metal linkages including carbon; carbon-oxygen; carbon-nitrogen; carbon-metal; carbon-sulfur to tellurium. In all of these linkages whether tellurium links with ligands through a complicated or simple pathways, it is often governed through electrophilic substitution reactions. The present study encompasses these major synthetic routes so as to acquire comprehensive understanding of synthetic organotellurium compounds.
Evaluating the effectiveness of different network flow motifs in association football

Abstract In association football, a network flow motif describes how distinct players from a team are involved in a passing sequence. The flow motif encodes whether the same players appear several times in a passing sequence, and in which order the players make passes. This information has previously been used to classify the passing style of different teams. In this work, flow motifs are analyzed in terms of their effectiveness in terms of generating shots. Data from four seasons of the Norwegian top division are analyzed, using flow motifs representing subsequences of three passes. The analysis is performed with a generalized additive model (GAM), with a range of explanatory variables included. Findings include that motifs with fewer distinct players are less effective, and that motifs are more likely to lead to shots if the passes in the motif utilize a bigger area of the pitch.
Managing the COVID-19 risk: the practicalities of delivering high stakes OSCEs during a pandemic

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the teaching and assessment of clinical skills continues to pose significant challenges for healthcare education providers worldwide. In March 2020 Duke-National University of Singapore (Duke-NUS) Medical School demonstrated how to design and implement clinical skills examinations (OSCEs) in the early phase of COVID-19. As governing bodies continue to revise restrictions to help ‘flatten the curve’, educational institutions have to undertake a rapid review of assessment practices and adapt to this ever-changing environment. This case study describes the risk-assessments and challenges faced when delivering high stakes OSCEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also describe successful mitigation strategies implemented to combat these risks, and how we also embraced and leveraged technology in a very creative way despite the restrictions and constrained environment. We describe and share practical guidance that may be of help or interest to healthcare education providers across all disciplines on how to effectively deliver clinical and procedural skills examinations that are authentic, valid and comply with the strict national COVID-19 restrictions implemented during this time.
The Acquisition of Computational Thinking through Mentoring: An Exploratory Study

Educational robotics are commonly present in kindergarten and primary school classrooms, particularly Bee-bot. Its ease of use allows the introduction of computer programming to young children in educational contexts from a science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) perspective. Despite this rise, there are still few investigations that collect evidence on the effectiveness of robotic interventions. Although mentoring experiences with robotics had been carried out in educational contexts, this work explores their effect on the acquisition of computational thinking skills through mentoring. Participants from the second grade, aged seven through eight years, were exposed to two sessions of robotics with Bee-bot in order to promote hands-on experimentation. The sessions were conducted by nine students of the fourth grade (the mentors), aged 10 to 11 years. A descriptive case-study methodology was employed for the analysis of the mentoring intervention. The effect of the mentoring experience was assessed in terms of motivation and computational thinking skills. Mixed quantitative and qualitative results show two important findings: (i) Mentoring is a powerful tool to be considered for improvement of the motivation and cooperation of students in their teaching–learning process, and (ii) computational thinking skills can be acquired by second-grade students through a mentoring process.
A tumor acidity activatable and Ca2+-assisted immuno-nanoagent enhances breast cancer therapy and suppresses cancer recurrence†

Breast cancer recurrence is the greatest contributor to patient death. As the immune system has a long-term immune memory effect, immunotherapy has great potential for preventing cancer recurrence. However, cancer immunotherapy is often limited due to T cell activation being blocked by insufficient tumor immunogenicity and the complex immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here we show a tumor acidity activatable and Ca2+-assisted immuno-nanoagent to synergistically promote T cell activation and enhance cancer immunotherapy. When the immuno-nanoagent reaches the acidic tumor microenvironment, the CaCO3 matrix disintegrates to release immune stimulants (CpG ODNs and IDOi) and Ca2+. CpG ODNs are responsible for triggering dendritic cell maturation to increase the immunogenicity for activation of T cells. And IDOi can inhibit the oxidative catabolism of tryptophan to kynurenine for preventing T-cell anergy and apoptosis. Due to the complexity of the immunosuppressive microenvironment, it is difficult to restore T cell activation by inhibiting only one pathway. Fortunately, the released Ca2+ can promote the activation and proliferation of T cells with the support of the immune stimulants. In vivo experiments demonstrate that our Ca2+-assisted immuno-nanoagent can significantly suppress tumor progression and protect mice from tumor rechallenge due to the long-term memory effect. This immunotherapeutic strategy may provide more possibilities for clinical applications such as treating cancer and preventing relapse.
Effect of sex on the share of main parts in carcass and tissues in breasts of turkey

A research on the influence of turkey sex on the share of main parts in carcass and tissues in breasts was carried out on 30 male and 30 female turkeys of heavy type Nicholas 700 provenience. After a 19-week long fattening period, 10 turkeys from each group were randomly selected for research. Differences in weights of carcasses between males and females were statistically highly significant (P 0.05) between males and females were observed in the portion of breasts in carcasses. Statistically highly significant differences (P<0.001) were observed in weights of thighs, drumsticks, wing drumsticks, wings and necks of males and females. When compared to female turkeys, males had statistically higher weights (P<0.001) of breast tissue. More favorable portion of muscles in breasts was noticed in females. Differences in portions of muscles in breasts between sexes were statistically highly significant (P<0.001).
Fostering sustainable consumer behavior regarding clothing: Assessing trends on purchases, recycling and disposal

The apparel industry, which includes the clothing/garment sector, encompasses the supply chain of clothing and garments, starting with the textile and fashion industry, all the way to fashion retailers and the trade with second-hand clothes and textile recycling. This sector is characterized by substantial wastes, which may be minimized by means of textile recycling. This paper reports on the results of an international study on sustainable clothing consumption. This paper identifies and analyzes attitudes and behaviors regarding the clothing industry in a sample of 203 individuals. The results suggest a number of trends. Firstly, they show the complexity of purchase habits. The reasons why individuals dispose of their old or not used clothes are manifold, and include objective and subjective factors. Also, the paper illustrates the existence of disparities in respect of clothing use and disposal behavior. Finally, the results suggest that there is a need for more awareness-raising initiatives, in order to make consumers more conscious about the options available and the need for a more sustainable use of clothing.
Influence of Training, Working Environment and Work Discipline on the Performance of Millenial Employees

This study aims to determine the effect of training, work environment and work discipline on the performance of millennial generation employees. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire distributed to 208 millennial generation employees. This research is quantitative by using multiple linear regression analysis. Data analysis methods used in this study are validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, T test, F test, and R test using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Based on the results of the analysis conducted, it can be concluded that training has an influence on employee performance, this can be seen from the results of t arithmetic (8.872)> t table (2,353). In the work environment a positive effect on employee performance, this can be seen from the results of t arithmetic (9,981)> t table (2,353). Work discipline has a positive effect on employee performance, it can be seen from the results of t arithmetic (5.858)> t table (2,353). The results of data analysis show that simultaneous training, work environment and work discipline influence employee performance with a determination coefficient R2 of 0.822 meaning 82 percent of employee performance is affected by training, work environment and work discipline and the remaining 18 percent is influenced by other factors not included in the research model. Keywords—influence; training; working environment; work discipline; performance; millenial employees
Applying Nanomaterials to Modern Biomedical Electrochemical Detection of Metabolites, Electrolytes, and Pathogens

Personal biosensors and bioelectronics have been demonstrated for use in out-of-clinic biomedical devices. Such modern devices have the potential to transform traditional clinical analysis into a new approach, allowing patients or users to screen their own health or warning of diseases. Researchers aim to explore the opportunities of easy-to-wear and easy-to-carry sensors that would empower users to detect biomarkers, electrolytes, or pathogens at home in a rapid and easy way. This mobility would open the door for early diagnosis and personalized healthcare management to a wide audience. In this review, we focus on the recent progress made in modern electrochemical sensors, which holds promising potential to support point-of-care technologies. Key original research articles covered in this review are mainly experimental reports published from 2018 to 2020. Strategies for the detection of metabolites, ions, and viruses are updated in this article. The relevant challenges and opportunities of applying nanomaterials to support the fabrication of new electrochemical biosensors are also discussed. Finally, perspectives regarding potential benefits and current challenges of the technology are included. The growing area of personal biosensors is expected to push their application closer to a new phase of biomedical advancement.
The Evolution of Strategic Social Responsibility of Chinese Enterprises and the Design of Decision Support System

In order to improve the level of strategic management of corporate social responsibility and promote Chinese enterprises to fulfill their social responsibility. On the basis of discussing the connotation of strategic corporate social responsibility in detail, the paper points out the long-standing mistaken idea in the strategic decision-making of Chinese corporate social responsibility, designs the strategic decision support system of corporate social responsibility and puts forward the policy suggestions to guarantee the strategic decision support system of corporate social responsibility.
Experimental evaluation of the effects of selection on reproductive and robustness traits in a Large White pig population

Large improvements have been obtained in major pig populations for traits included in the breeding goal, i.e. growth, feed efficiency, carcass composition and, in maternal lines, sow prolificacy. Animals selected for high production efficiency may in particular be more sensitive to behavioral, physiological, or immunological problems, I.e., be less robust. These adverse effects of selection are often difficult to reveal, as corresponding traits are not routinely recorded in breeding programs. The use of stored frozen semen has been shown to be an elegant method to estimate genetic trends for a large number of (usually not recorded) traits. Two experimental groups (L77 and L98) were produced by inseminating French Large White (LW) sows born in 1997-1998 with either stored frozen semen from the above-mentioned 1977 LW boars or with fresh semen from LW boars born in 1998. This study has shown that 2 decades of selection have resulted in large gains for major traits of interest, but have also adversely affected traits such as longevity, risk of mortality, trait variability, which tend to indicate an unfavorable effect of selection on pig robustness. Our results stress the necessity to integrate robustness related traits in the breeding goal of pig populations. Thus, further research is needed to better characterize the different components of robustness and their impact on pig efficiency, welfare and health to be able to define the most relevant breeding objectives for the future.
The Effect of Groundnut Shells Supplementation on Selected Biochemical Parameters of Confined Indigenous Cattle during Winter Season in the North West Province of South Africa

Background: The use of groundnut shells (GNS) in animal feeding is a common practice in tropical countries and most researchers have evaluated the nutritive values of GNS and their effects on animal performance. They are cheap and widely available in South Africa. However, most communal farmers in Mogosane village lack the knowledge nutritive values of such, and therefore do not use GNS to improve the performance of their cattle. Determination of the nutritional status of cattle is important especially when quantifying the effects of a dietary treatment. Blood metabolite concentrations indicate the animal’s nutritional status and they are commonly assessed in dairy than beef cattle, such that there are no reference values for the blood constituents of indigenous cattle in South Africa, suggesting a need for research in this area.Methods: An eight-week feeding trial was therefore, conducted to determine effect of different levels of groundnut shells (GNS) on biochemical parameters. Forty cattle were used and were allocated into Groups: A, B, C, D and E with eight animals in each group. Treatment group A was given basal diet and water only. Treatment group B was supplemented with 700 g/kg of GNS, C with 1050 g/kg of GNS, D with 1400 g/kg of GNS and E with 1750 g/kg of GNS. Blood samples were collected into anticoagulant free, allowed to coagulate at room temperature for 24 hours and then centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant sera were harvested and stored in a freezer. Samples were collected once a week for eight weeks and were then analysed using Anision-300 Auto-Analyzer system. Results: Significant values were observed in urea and lipase in animals receiving 1050g/kg of GNS and were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher when compared to control group and all other treatment groups, and even for those animals in treatment group E. These significant values found in urea and lipase, on animals receiving 1050 g/kg, confirmed effect of GNS on metabolic functions on animals depending on natural pasture.