Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-traumatic stress disorder: an evaluation of existing pharmacotherapies and new strategies

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often a chronic and disabling anxiety disorder that develops after exposure to a traumatic event. Researchers have demonstrated efficacy for both pharmacologic and psychosocial interventions in the treatment of PTSD. First-line pharmacotherapeutic options are the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and serotonin noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitors. Older antidepressant agents, such as the tricyclic antidepressants and the monoamine oxidase inhibitor, phenelzine, have also proven efficacy in PTSD among more established agents. However, concerns for side effects have limited frequent use of these. Existing pharmacologic agents produce meaningful results and bear the advantage of treating depression and other co-morbid disorders, yet still fall short of being ideal due to limited response and remission rates and tolerability issues. The need for improving pharmacotherapy of PTSD remains compelling and directions for further research are discussed.
A novel throughput optimization approach in wireless systems

In this paper, we propose a mathematical framework to maximize the user throughput in a wireless channel using various parameters such the symbol rate, the packet length, and the constellation size as optimization variables. The optimization equations with each of the above degrees of freedom have been presented. We see a gain in choosing the parameters using a theoretical framework. We also present some implementation constraints and their effects on performance of the system. The analytical results match very well with the simulation results. Simulation results show that the throughput can be improved greatly.
Engineering formation for 21st century: A challenge for Brazil

More than ever engineering schools are challenged to make deep changes in their programs and structures in order to form the engineer to perform in the future and it has been a very hard task everywhere. In Brazil engineering programs are most of them hard, difficult, long formation program less and less appealing to the youth. To adapt to the new demands of 21st century labor market many students are analyzing programs before choose one. It is not only a matter of investment of time and financial resources. It is part of the way to get success.
Early administration of abciximab in patients with acute myocardial infarction improves angiographic and clinical outcome after primary angioplasty

Adjunctive use of abciximab during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) improves clinical outcome. This study addresses the outcome of patients with AMI treated with abciximab, initiated either before transport to a PCI center (early group) or immediately upon arrival at the catheterization laboratory (late group) for primary PCI. Of 446 consecutive patients with AMI, angiographic data and clinical complications were evaluated up to 6 months after primary PCI. Patients received abciximab before transport (early group; n = 138) or just before the intervention (late group; n = 308). Baseline data, including transport time (45 ± 15 min; range, 15–60 min), were comparable in both groups. Early reperfusion was more prevalent in the early group (35% vs. late 19%; P < 0.001). Furthermore, a better final TIMI 3 flow was noted in the early group (91% vs. late 83%; P = 0.05). Although mortality reduction attributable to early abciximab treatment could not be demonstrated, major adverse cardiac events (MACE) occurred in 27% in the early group and 36% in the late group (P = 0.05). Revascularization rates were similar, but repeat acute coronary syndromes were less frequent in the early group (11% vs. late group 20%; P = 0.04). In multivariate analysis, cardiogenic shock, out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest, and previously known coronary artery disease were independent predictors of higher MACE rate, whereas early reperfusion and final TIMI 3 flow reduced 6‐month MACE rate. Abciximab pretreatment of patients with AMI for primary PCI results in better initial and final TIMI flow and tends to improve 6‐month clinical outcome. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Helicase-primase complex of herpes simplex virus type 1: a mutation in the UL52 subunit abolishes primase activity

The UL52 gene product of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) comprises one subunit of a 3-protein helicase-primase complex that is essential for replication of viral DNA. The functions of the individual subunits of the complex are not known with certainty, although it is clear that the UL8 subunit is not required for either helicase or primase activity. Examination of the predicted amino acid sequence of the UL5 gene reveals the existence of conserved helicase motifs; it seems likely, therefore, that UL5 is responsible for the helicase activity of the complex. We have undertaken mutational analysis of UL52 in an attempt to understand the functional contribution of this protein to the helicase-primase complex. Amino acid substitution mutations were introduced into five regions of the UL52 gene that are highly conserved among HSV-1 and the related herpesviruses equine herpesvirus 1, human cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and varicella-zoster virus. Of seven mutants analyzed by an in vivo replication assay, three mutants, in three different conserved regions of the protein, failed to support DNA replication. Within one of the conserved regions is a 6-amino-acid motif (IL)(VIM)(LF)DhD (where h is a hydrophobic residue), which is also conserved in mouse, yeast, and T7 primases. Mutagenesis of the first aspartate residue of the motif, located at position 628 of the UL52 protein, abolished the ability of the complex to support replication of an origin-containing plasmid in vivo and to synthesize oligoribonucleotide primers in vitro. The ATPase and helicase activities were unaffected, as was the ability of the mutant enzyme to support displacement synthesis on a preformed fork substrate. These results provide experimental support for the idea that UL52 is responsible for the primase activity of the HSV helicase-primase complex.
Aromatherapy and massage for symptom relief in patients with cancer.

BACKGROUND Aromatherapy massage is a commonly used complementary therapy, and is employed in cancer and palliative care largely to improve quality of life and reduce psychological distress. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether aromatherapy and/or massage decreases psychological morbidity, lessens symptom distress and/or improves the quality of life in patients with a diagnosis of cancer. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched CENTRAL (Cochrane Library Issue 1 2002), MEDLINE (1966 to May week 3 2002), CINAHL (1982 to April 2002), British Nursing Index (1994 to April 2002), EMBASE (1980 to Week 25 2002), AMED (1985 to April 2002), PsycINFO (1887 to April week 4 2002), SIGLE (1980 to March 2002), CancerLit (1975 to April 2002) and Dissertation Abstracts International (1861 to March 2002). Reference lists of relevant articles were searched for additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We sought randomised controlled trials; controlled before and after studies; and interrupted time series studies of aromatherapy and/or massage for patients with cancer, that measured changes in patient-reported levels of physical or psychological distress or quality of life using reliable and valid tools. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently assessed trials for inclusion in the review, assessed study quality and extracted data. Study authors were contacted where information was unclear. MAIN RESULTS The search strategy retrieved 1322 references. Ten reports met the inclusion criteria and these represented eight RCTs (357 patients). The most consistently found effect of massage or aromatherapy massage was on anxiety. Four trials (207 patients) measuring anxiety detected a reduction post intervention, with benefits of 19-32% reported. Contradictory evidence exists as to any additional benefit on anxiety conferred by the addition of aromatherapy. The evidence for the impact of massage/aromatherapy on depression was variable. Of the three trials (120 patients) that assessed depression in cancer patients, only one found any significant differences in this symptom. Three studies (117 patients) found a reduction in pain following intervention, and two (71 patients) found a reduction in nausea. Although several of the trials measured changes in other symptoms such as fatigue, anger, hostility, communication and digestive problems, none of these assessments was replicated. REVIEWERS' CONCLUSIONS Massage and aromatherapy massage confer short term benefits on psychological wellbeing, with the effect on anxiety supported by limited evidence. Effects on physical symptoms may also occur. Evidence is mixed as to whether aromatherapy enhances the effects of massage. Replication, longer follow up, and larger trials are need to accrue the necessary evidence.
Life on a Stick, with Music

Music has played an important role in the human experience ever since primitive times. Though it may seem counterintuitive to suggest that music may soon play an even more significant role in human society, several trends seem to be coalescing to make this prediction not just reasonable but probable. The tendency of individuals to use music to define themselves, combined with the availability of inexpensive memory devices, seems to be creating a society of experience, in which music will be a vital component. In his book about the iPod, Steve Levy gives an unusual example of how some people are defining themselves by music. He describes what he calls ‘‘iPod Wars’’ on the New York City subway, where one iPod listener challenges another to compare what they are currently playing. The winner, who is accepted silently by mutual consent (since neither will remove their white ear buds), is the one who is listening to music by the more obscure band, preferably playing one of its lesser-known songs. Levy even goes so far as to suggest that the iPod has made New York City a quieter place. Apparently, he lives in a part of the city not yet penetrated by cell phones. One of the most lucid observers of the Internet scene is danah boyd (yes, no caps), whose doctoral dissertation was based on a two-year study of United States-based youth who use MySpace. boyd writes, ‘‘A MySpace profile can be seen as a form of digital body where individuals must write themselves into being. ’’ Music is an integral part of this creative process. Part of the success of MySpace is probably that, unlike Friendster, it has welcomed and facilitated the connections between bands and their fans. Surfing through a number of sites on MySpace or Facebook makes it clear that music is often used to define the personality of the site owner. boyd calls music the ‘‘cultural glue among youth. ’’ Teenagers tend either to use social sites that allow them to include music or to look for a backdoor in the program that allows them to add this feature.
Electrocardiographic Follow‐Up of Biventricular Pacemakers

Multisite pacing for the treatment of heart failure has added a new dimension to the electrocardiographic evaluation of device function. During left ventricular (LV) pacing from the appropriate site in the coronary venous system, a correctly positioned lead V1 registers a right bundle branch block pattern with few exceptions. During biventricular stimulation associated with right ventricular (RV) apical pacing, the QRS is often positive in lead V1. The frontal plane QRS axis is usually in the right superior quadrant and occasionally in the left superior quadrant. Barring incorrect placement of lead V1 (too high on the chest), lack of LV capture, LV lead displacement or marked latency (exit block or delay from the stimulation site), ventricular fusion with the spontaneous QRS complex, a negative QRS complex in lead V1 during biventricular pacing involving the RV apex probably reflects different activation of an heterogeneous biventricular substrate (ischemia, scar, His‐Purkinje participation in view of the varying patterns of LV activation in spontaneous left bundle branch block) and does not necessarily indicate a poor (electrical or mechanical) contribution from LV stimulation. In this situation, it is imperative to rule out the presence of coronary venous pacing via the middle cardiac vein or even unintended placement of two leads in the RV. During biventricular pacing with the RV lead in the outflow tract, the paced QRS in lead V1 is often negative and the frontal plane paced QRS axis is often directed to the right inferior quadrant (right axis deviation).
Landslide detection with two satellite images of different spatial resolutions in a probabilistic topic model

As the most commonly techniques to landslide inventory mapping, visual interpretation and geomorphological field surveys are time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this paper, a probabilistic topic model, maximum entropy discrimination latent Dirichlet allocation (MedLDA), is presented to detect landslides with satellite images of two different spatial resolutions in a weakly supervised way. A two-stage algorithm is inferred the model. First, before- and after- the event MODIS NDVI productions are employed to roughly locate probable landslides, i.e., low-resolution vegetation-cover changes. Second, MedLDA model is learned by both NDVI change values (i.e., the weakly supervised information) and post-event SPOT 5 images to detect the landslide. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is a very promising way to detect landslides in vegetated regions.
Enhancer detection in zebrafish permits the identification of neuronal subtypes that express Hox4 paralogs

Activity of zebrafish hoxb4a in the developing brain was analyzed in comparison to hoxa4a and hoxd4a using unique enhancer detection transgenes. Cytoplasmic YFP revealed shape and axonal projections of neurons in animals with insertions near the Hox4 genes and provided a means for the identification of neuronal subtypes. Despite an early activity of the genes in neuroepithelial cells and later in immature postmitotic neurons, we found reporter expression in distinct neuronal subtypes in the r7–r8‐derived hindbrain. Most strikingly, hoxb4a neuronal subtypes projected through the vagus and into the pectoral fin while others formed symmetrically located fiber tracts innervating the cerebellum and the tectum, features that are partially shared by the other two paralogs. Collectively, our expression analysis indicates that hoxb4a in combination with its paralogs may play a significant role in the development of precerebellar, vagal, and pectoral fin neuronal subtypes. Developmental Dynamics 237:2195–2208, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of Wood Resistance to Artificial Weathering Factors Using Compressive Properties

The purpose of the study was to determine the infl uence of artifi cial weathering on selected properties of wood. This paper presents the changes of incompressive strength of wood along fi bers. The study involved wood of different density and anatomy 17 species of tropical wood commercially available in Europe and Scots pine and European oak. The specimens were exposed to artifi cial weathering consisting of soaking wood in water, drying at 70 °C and exposure to UV radiation. Three-step aging cycle was repeated 140 times. In general, the tested wood species changed their compressive strength differently under the infl uence of artifi cial weathering. The process of artifi cial weathering caused a loss of strength of all tested wood species. The extent of changes depended on initial properties of wood (especially density) and anatomy. The changes were most pronounced at the beginning of the artifi cial weathering process.
Autosomal Recessive Ataxia Caused by Three Distinct Gene Defects in a Single Consanguineous Family

Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders. Growing data have shown that there is difficulty with genetic counseling in a deeply consanguineous population because of the presence of genetic heterogeneity in patients sharing similar phenotypes. The objective of this study was to report on 11 Tunisian patients belonging to the same large consanguineous family and sharing autosomal recessive ataxia phenotypes caused by three distinct gene defects. A large consanguineous Tunisian family with 11 affected patients was selected. All patients had a complete neurological examination. Blood samples were collected for molecular study. Mutation analysis revealed the presence of three distinct gene defects in the FXN (FRDA), TTPA (AVED), and SACS (ARSACS) genes within the same large family. The genetic heterogeneity observed in this family drew attention to the difficulty of genetic counseling in an inbred population and to the need for genotyping all affected members before giving genetic counseling.
Pharmacogenetics of psychotropic drug response.

OBJECTIVE Molecular genetic approaches provide a novel method of dissecting the heterogeneity of psychotropic drug response. These pharmacogenetic strategies offer the prospect of identifying biological predictors of psychotropic drug response and could provide the means of determining the molecular substrates of drug efficacy and drug-induced adverse events. METHOD The authors discuss methods issues in executing pharmacogenetic studies, review the first generation of pharmacogenetic studies of psychotropic drug response, and consider future directions for this rapidly evolving field. RESULTS Pharmacogenetics has been most commonly used in studies of antipsychotic drug efficacy, antidepressant drug response, and drug-induced adverse effects. Data from antipsychotic drug studies indicate that polymorphisms within the serotonin 2A and dopamine receptor 2 genes may influence drug efficacy in schizophrenia. Moreover, a growing body of data suggests a relationship between the serotonin transporter gene and clinical effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors used to treat depression. A significant relationship between genetic variation in the cytochrome P450 system and drug-induced adverse effects may exist for certain medications. Finally, a number of independent studies point to a significant effect of a dopamine D(3) receptor polymorphism on susceptibility to tardive dyskinesia. CONCLUSIONS Initial research into the pharmacogenetics of psychotropic drug response suggests that specific genes may influence phenotypes associated with psychotropic drug administration. These results remain preliminary and will require further replication and validation. New developments in molecular biology, human genomic information, statistical methods, and bioinformatics are ongoing and could pave the way for the next generation of pharmacogenetic studies in psychiatry.
Gas pressure sensing based on antiresonant reflecting guidance hollow-core fiber

Gas pressure sensor based on an antiresonant reflecting guidance mechanism in a hollow-core fiber (HCF) with an open microchannel is experimentally demonstrated. The microchannel is created on the ring cladding of the HCF by femtosecond laser to provide an air-core pressure equivalent to the external pressure. The HCF cladding functions as an antiresonant reflecting waveguide, which induces sharp periodic losses in its transmission spectrum. The proposed sensor is miniature, robust, and exhbits a high pressure sensitivity of 3.592 nm/MPa, a low temperature cross-sensitivity of 7.5 kPa/°C.
Pore size distribution analysis of microporous carbons: a density functional theory approach

We present an improved method, based upon density functional theory, for the determination of the pore size distribution (PSD) of porous sorbents. The adsorption isotherms predicted by nonlocal mean field theory for individual slit pores are correlated as a function of pressure and pore width. The PSD is then calculated by fitting this correlation to the experimental adsorption isotherm of the sorbent. We apply the analysis method to adsorption data for nitrogen on several porous carbons. In this application, the porous network is modeled as a continuous size distribution of noninteracting slit-shaped graphitic pores. The PSDs obtained by using the Kelvin equation and using the local and nonlocal versions of the mean field density functional theory are compared and evaluated. The results demonstrate that nonlocal theory provides a more accurate interpretation of the PSD than previous methods have achieved, particularly when the analysis is applied to highly microporous sorbents.
"siRNAs and miRNAs": a meeting report on RNA silencing.

It has been 11 years since the Ambros laboratory reported the first microRNA (miRNA; Lee et al. 1993), and six years since the Fire and Mello laboratories described the gene silencing effects of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA; Fire et al. 1998). It is now clear that those reports each “lifted a corner of a great veil” (to paraphrase Albert Einstein) that had previously hidden an astonishing range of gene regulatory phenomena, many of which had been hinted at in plants (Matzke and Matzke 2004) and fungi (Pickford et al. 2002). The ongoing efforts to uncover the full biological scope of RNA silencing and to develop it as an experimental and therapeutic tool came into view on April 14–19, 2004, as 540 scientists from around the globe convened in the thin air of Keystone, Colorado, for the 2004 Keystone Symposium entitled “siRNAs and miRNAs. ” The attendance more than doubled that of a similar Keystone Symposium held two years earlier, attesting to the rapid growth of interest in RNA silencing. Given the ever-expanding breadth of the field, meeting organizers Victor Ambros and Tom Tuschl did an exemplary job of ensuring that there was something for everyone in attendance. The conference was loosely organized around a progression from biological roles to molecular mechanisms, and then on to more applied topics such as large-scale RNA interference (RNAi) screens and dsRNA-based therapeutics. This review will follow the same thematic format, with an emphasis on roles and mechanisms.
Levenshtein distance algorithm for efficient and effective XML duplicate detection

Electronic Data Processing used automated methods for processing commercial data. There is big amount of work on discovering duplicates in relational data; merely elite findings concentrate on duplication in additional multifaceted hierarchical structures Electronic information is one of the key factors in several business operations, applications, and determinations, at the same time as an outcome, guarantee its superiority is necessary. Duplicate finding a little assignment because of the actuality that duplicates are not accurately equivalent, frequently because of the errors in the information. Accordingly, many data processing techniques never apply widespread assessment algorithms which identify precise duplicates. As an alternative, evaluate all objective representations, by means of a probably compound identical approach, to identifying that the object is real world or not. Duplicate detection is applicable in data clean-up and data incorporation applications and which considered comprehensively for relational data or XML document. This paper will provide the person who reads with the groundwork for research in Efficient and Effective Duplicate Detection in Hierarchical Data or XML data.