Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of OsIRO2 improves both iron uptake and translocation to seeds in rice

Iron deficiency is a worldwide agricultural problem on calcareous soils with low iron (Fe) availability and also poses a major human nutritional problem. Plants induce Fe-acquisition systems under conditions of low Fe availability. Previously, we reported that an Fe deficiency-inducible bHLH transcription factor, OsIRO2, is responsible for regulating the genes involved in Fe homeostasis in rice. Here, we show that OsIRO2 overexpression results in improved tolerance to low Fe availability in calcareous soil. In addition to increased Fe content in shoots, rice overexpressing OsIRO2 accumulates more Fe in seeds than non-transformant rice when grown on calcareous soil. OsIRO2 promoter–GUS analysis revealed that OsIRO2 expression could be detected in developing seeds. These results suggest that OsIRO2 plays a crucial role in regulating both Fe uptake from soil and Fe translocation to grain. Improved uptake and translocation of Fe in the OsIRO2-overexpressing rice under low Fe availability provides an approach for producing graminaceous crops that are tolerant to Fe deficiency and have Fe-rich seeds to enhance production and the nutritional quality of food.
Current Activities on Field Tests and Safety Issues in South American Countries.

Current Activities on Field Tests and Safety Issues in South American Countries. Maria Jose de Oliveira Zimmermann1 In South American countries, like in many developing countries of the world, biotechnology is an area of research that is seen with much hope, some respect and sometimes terror because of the safety issues that concern the area and are not completely understood. In technical grounds, many countries are beginning to develope their capabilities to work on such approaches and also many are developing their respective legislation in regard to biotechnology products, field tests of such products, and their releases when and if they are eventually approved. Private investments in biotechnology research in those countries are often limited and research priority setting for public investments is mainly done by representatives and experts of national government with the occasional help of international agencies and experts. In agriculture, most of the released transgenic crops are herbicide-resistant plants and a few are improved for disease or insect resistance and product quality. There is a large concern and much misunderstanding about the potential risks of transgenic releases in "centers of diversity"(many of the South American countries are). The present paper draws some information from a so far unpublished survey conducted by Dr. Claudia Golz, FEDA (German Federal Environmental Protection Agency), made available to the REDBIO (FAO Network for Biotechnology in Latin America). The status of biotechnology research for agriculture, biosafety legislation and data on field tests of transgenic plants in South American countries is presented. There were already more than 60 releases in South American countries, the great majority of them in maize, mainly made by private companies (most transgenics are herbicide-resistant : glyphosate and glufosinate resistance).
The role of growth hormone in bone response for implant treatment. Experimental study using presenile animals

Many factors can modify osteointegration, among them the subject's age and the possibility of using hormone treatment to improve the phenomenon. In the present study we used a histological technique that permits study not only of interface, but also bone response in distant areas. Growth hormone (GH) was used topically in aged animals that had received a titanium plate as an implant in their tibiae. A similar degree of osteointegration was observed in both, the control and treated groups. Distantly located bone issue urderwent certain modifications in its osteocyte lacunae in the treated group but not in the control group.
Comment la professionnalisation à l’université s’articule aux initiatives européennes et internationales.

Cet article interroge les origines de l’essor de la professionnalisation, en France et en Republique tcheque, au cours des deux dernieres decennies. La professionnalisation est comprise comme un volet de la politique universitaire dont l’objectif est d’adapter les formations universitaires a la demande du marche du travail. En distinguant trois dimensions a l’interieur de cette politique (prescriptif, competitif, discursif), l’article montre comment les specificites des deux systemes d’enseignement superieur s’articulent avec les initiatives europeennes et les tendances globales. Si la professionnalisation progresse dans les deux pays, elle releve de mecanismes et de principes differencies.
Seagrass distribution changes in Swan Lake of Shandong Peninsula from 1979 to 2009 inferred from satellite remote sensing data

Seagrass and associated bio-resources are very important for swan’s overwintering in Swan Lake in Rongcheng of Shandong Peninsula of China. The seagrass distribution changes, which are usually affected by the regional human activities, can indirectly affect swan’s habitat. In this study the satellite remote sensing data in years 1979–2009 together with in-situ observations in recent years were used to examine the seagrass distribution changes in Swan Lake. The band ratio of band 1 to band 2, Lyzenga’s methods and band synthesize of band 1, band 2 and band 3 were used for seagrass retrieval. The band ratio of band 1 to band 2 with ranges greater than 4.5 was used for estimating the seagrass coverage greater than 50%. Results showed that in years 1979–1990 seagrass coverage greater than 50% occupied more than half of the surface area of Swan Lake. In years 2000–2005, the total area with seagrass distributions reduced greatly, only about one sixth to one fourth of Swan Lake’s surface area. After 2005, the seagrass area in Swan Lake increased gradually and occasionally was greater than one third of the total surface area of the Lake. It was shown that human activities such as the dam and fish pond establishment and the awareness of seagrass importance and protected actively result in the seagrass distributions changes in Swan Lake which decreased first and then increased afterwards.
Ecological and Economic Roles of Agrobiodiversity

Biodiversity is a complex, abstract concept. It can be associated with a wide range of benefits to human society, most of them still ill understood. In general terms, the value of biodiversity can be assessed in terms of its impact on the provision of inputs to production processes, in terms of its direct impact on human welfare, and in terms of its impact on the regulation of the nature-ecosystem-ecological functions relationships. The services that agricultural biodiversity provides are critical to the functioning of food support systems. They contribute to human welfare, both directly and indirectly, and therefore represent part of the total economic value of the planet. The main cause of the loss of biodiversity can be attributes to the influence of human beings on the world’s ecosystem, In fact human beings have deeply altered the environment, and have modified the territory, exploiting the species directly, for example by fishing and hunting, changing the biogeochemical cycles and transferring species from one area to another of the Planet. Conserving biodiversity has economic, social, and cultural values. Conservation of biodiversity is integral to the biological and cultural inheritance of many people and the critical components of healthy ecosystems that are used to support economic and social developments. For successful and sustainable conservation there needs to be local community involvement especially for agro ecosystem. Conservation can broadly be achieved into two ways: In-situ -Conservation of habitats, species and ecosystems where they naturally occur. This is in-situ conservation and the natural processes and interaction are conserved as well as the elements of biodiversity and Ex-situ: The conservation of elements of biodiversity out of the context of their natural habitats is referred to as ex-situ conservation. Zoos, botanical gardens and seed banks are all example of ex-situ conservation. Keywords : Biological diversity, Agrobiodiversity, diversity
PRACT ICE GUIDEL INE FOR THE Treatment of Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder WORK GROUP ON OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER

Dr. Koran has received research grants from Forest Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Ortho-McNeil, Somaxon, and Jazz Pharmaceuticals. He has received honoraria from the Forest Pharmaceuticals Speakers Bureau and the Pfizer Speakers Bureau. He has received consultant fees from Cypress Bioscience. Dr. Hanna reports no competing interests. Dr. Hollander has received research grants from the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the Office of Orphan Products Development of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Wyeth, Eli Lilly, Janssen, and Abbott. He has served on advisory boards for Forest Pharmaceuticals, Abbott, and Somaxon. Dr. Nestadt reports no competing interests. Dr. Simpson reports no competing interests. The Executive Committee on Practice Guidelines has reviewed this guideline and found no evidence of influence from these relationships.
Fly Ash and Recycled Coarse Aggregate in Concrete: New Era for Construction Industries - A Literature Review

Use of recycled coarse aggregate in concrete can be useful for environmental protection and economical terms. Recycled aggregates are the materials for the future. Same as fly ash is also a by- product from various industries. Fly ash is a group of materials that can vary significantly in composition. It is residue left from burning coal, which is collected on an electrostatic precipitator or in a bag house. It mixes with flue gases that result when powdered coal is used to produce electric power. The advantages of using fly ash far outweigh the disadvantages. The most important benefit is reduced permeability to water and aggressive chemicals. Properly cured concrete made with fly ash creates a denser product because the sizes of the pores are reduced. This increases strength and reduces permeability. Globally, the concrete industry consumes large quantities of natural resources, which are becoming insufficient to meet the increasing demands. At the same time, large number of old buildings and other structures have reached the end of their service life and are being demolished, resulting in generation of demolished concrete. Some of this concrete waste is used as backfill material, and much being sent to landfills. Recycling concrete by using it as replacement to new aggregate in concrete could reduce concrete waste and conserve natural sources of aggregate. In the last two decades, varieties of recycling methods for construction and demolition wastes have been explored and are in well-developed stage. Fly ash is known to be a good pozzolanic material and has been used to increase the ultimate compressive strength and workability of fresh concrete.
Learning and relationship orientation: an empirical examination in European museums

The purpose of this paper is to assess the interrelations between learning orientation, innovation strategy, relationship orientation and economic and social performance in the management of cultural organizations such as museums. We first provide a review of the literature addressing the main constructs involved in the research: learning orientation, innovation, relationship orientation and performance, and we detail the model's hypotheses reflecting the interrelations amongst the proposed variables. Building on extensive literature, a model is developed and empirically tested using survey data collected from 491 European museums in Spain, France, Italy and the UK. Data are analysed through structural equation modelling. In the present study, evidence is found to support the positive and significant link between learning orientation and internal (organizational innovation) as well as external (relationship orientation) changes in museums. Further, we find that organizational innovation and relationship orientation aid the introduction of greater technological developments in these organizations. We also find evidence to support the idea that learning orientation, innovation strategy and relationship orientation impact the economic and social performance of museums. Findings clearly show that achieving organizational objectives through learning processes necessarily entails the introduction of internal changes—innovation—and external relationships—relationship orientation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Automated assessment of animal welfare indicators in pigs at slaughter

During the last years, animal welfare has received special attention in German animal husbandries. Based on the German Protection of Animals Act, § 11 Section 8, the farmer has to assess and evaluate animal welfare indicators directly on the animal within the legally required self-monitoring. Via this self-monitoring, the demands of § 2, German Protection of Animals Act (for instance adequate feed, care, and accommodation appropriate to the species) should be complied. In the official explanatory statement this is commented as follows: “The aim of animal-based selfmonitoring is to provide an assessment of the animal’s well-being based on appropriate indicators such as foot pad health, mortality rates or organ findings at the abattoir, and to plan and implement improvement measures if necessary. ” The assessment of animal based welfare indicators at the slaughterhouse represents a particular feasible tool for the retrospective evaluation of the animal’s living conditions due to large animal numbers and the realization of comparative observations. However, if assessed by individual observers, the amount of work and the subjectivity of the results represent major problems. In order to guarantee consistent, comparable and objective results, food pad condition as welfare indicator is assessed at most larger poultry slaughterhouses in Germany via camera-based monitoring-systems by now. The question arose if such a system can be developed and implemented for pigs as well. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test a camera-based rating system for the automated and standardized assessment and documentation of animal welfare indicators in pigs.
The Impact of Broadband on U.S. Agriculture: An Evaluation of the USDA Broadband Loan Program

We evaluate the impact of USDA’s low-cost broadband loan programs on the U.S. agricultural sector. The broadband loan programs increase access to high-speed internet in recipient communities, which can raise farm sales by increasing both farm output and prices received by producers. Further, high-speed internet may drive down costs by providing information on cheaper inputs and better management practices, leading to an overall improvement in farm profits. Using data from the 1997, 2002, and 2007 U.S. Census of Agriculture, we employ a panel difference-in-differences estimator, as well as a difference-in-differences propensity score matching estimator, to show that the two USDA broadband loan programs have positive impacts on farm sales, expenditure, and profits. The positive effects for crops are larger than those for livestock and animal products.
Optimized transformer design: inclusive of high-frequency effects

Switching circuits, operating at high frequencies, have led to considerable reductions in the size of magnetic components and power supplies. Nonsinusoidal voltage and current waveforms and high-frequency skin and proximity effects contribute to power transformer losses. Traditionally, power transformer design has been based on sinusoidal voltage and current waveforms operating at low frequencies. The physical and electrical properties of the transformer form the basis of a new design methodology while taking full account of the current and voltage waveforms and high-frequency effects. Core selection is based on the optimum throughput of energy with minimum losses. The optimum core is found directly from the following transformer specifications: frequency; power output; and temperature rise. The design methodology is illustrated with a detailed design of a push-pull power converter.
Criteria for dynamically stable decoherence-free subspaces and incoherently generated coherences

We present a detailed analysis of decoherence free subspaces and develop a rigorous theory that provides necessary and sufficient conditions for dynamically stable decoherence free subspaces. This allows us to identify a special class of decoherence free states which rely on incoherent generation of coherences. We provide examples of physical systems that support such states. Our approach employs Markovian master equations and applies primarily to finite-dimensional quantum systems.
Intelligent rule-based Phishing Websites Classification

Phishing is depicted as the specialty of reverberating a site of a noteworthy firm meaning to snatch client's private data, for example, usernames, passwords and standardized savings number. Phishing sites involve an assortment of signs inside its substance parts and the program based security pointers furnished alongside the site. A few arrangements have been proposed to handle phishing. All things considered, there is no single enchantment shot that can explain this risk drastically. One of the promising strategies that can be utilized in anticipating phishing assaults depends on information mining, especially the prompting of order principles since hostile to phishing arrangements intend to foresee the site class precisely and that precisely coordinates the information mining characterization procedure objectives. In this study, the creators shed light on the essential elements that recognize phishing sites from authentic ones and evaluate how great standard based information mining arrangement methods are in foreseeing phishing sites and which characterization procedure is turned out to be more solid. Phishing assault traditionally begins by sending an email that appears to originate from a legitimate undertaking to casualties requesting that they upgrade or affirm their own data by going to a connection inside the email. Despite the fact that phishers are presently utilizing a few methods in making phishing sites to trick and charm clients, they all utilization an arrangement of common elements to make phishing sites on the grounds that, without those components they lose the benefit of misdirection. This helps us to separate in the middle of fair and phishing sites taking into account the elements removed from the went to site. By and large, two methodologies are utilized in recognizing phishing sites. The first depends on boycotts, in which the asked for URL is contrasted and those in that rundown. The drawback of this methodology is that the boycott as a rule can't cover all phishing sites, subsequent to, inside seconds; another deceitful site is required to be propelled. The second approach is known as heuristic-based strategy, where a few elements are gathered from the site to arrange it as either phishing or authentic. Rather than the boycott technique, a heuristic-based arrangement can perceive crisply made phishing sites. Keywords- Website features, Phishing, Security, Data Mining, Rule based Classification.
On the origin and evolution of life in the Galaxy

Abstract A simple stochastic model for evolution, based upon the need to pass a sequence of n critical steps is applied to both terrestrial and extraterrestrial origins of life. In the former case, the time at which humans have emerged during the habitable period of Earth suggests a value of n=4. Progressively adding earlier evolutionary transitions gives an optimum fit when n=5, implying either that their initial transitions are not critical or that habitability began around 6 Ga ago. The origin of life on Mars or elsewhere within the Solar System is excluded by the latter case and the simple anthropic argument is that extraterrestrial life is scarce in the Universe because it does not have time to evolve. Alternatively, the timescale can be extended if the migration of basic progenotic material to Earth is possible. If extra transitions are included in the model to allow for Earth migration, then the start of habitability needs to be even earlier than 6 Ga ago. Our present understanding of Galactic habitability and dynamics does not exclude this possibility. We conclude that Galactic punctuated equilibrium, proposed as a way round the anthropic problem, is not the only way of making life more common in the Galaxy.
Why Change Programmes Don't Produce Change: The Case of IT-Enabled Change in Public Service Organisations

Since the 1950s, the problems associated with the introduction IT in work organisations have proved to be of an enduring nature. Why do so many IT-enabled change initiatives fail to deliver on their promised outcomes? Having considered the nature of this dilemma with IT and related explanations from the literature in management and organisation studies, this chapter draws into sharp focus a range of institutional, organisational, and group pathologies that impede the effective delivery of IT-enabled change initiatives. Habitual organisational responses to these pathologies are highlighted as are the limitations of programme and project management when seeking to address pathologies that are predominantly of a behavioural nature. Implications for professional practice are outlined. The chapter draws to a close by reiterating the propensity for fragmentation and the role of good organisation development and change practices in fostering an integrated approach to IT-enabled change.
Behavioral Decision of Employment for Rural Labors: Evidence from Peasant Households in Central China

Based on the facts of the peasant household and its labors, this paper analyses rational behavior strategy of the peasants and studies the microeconomic impact factors on the peasant behavior of employment with a discrete choice model. According to Econometric analysis, conclusions has been derived as follows: Firstly, the peasants behavior of employment is consistent with their wills to raise their income; Secondly, the peasants allocate labor resource in their peasant household on comparative advantages; Thirdly, non-agricultural job opportunity is a vital channel to release recessive unemployment and achieve sufficient employment of rural labors; Finally, peasants in different areas show slightly different tendency on obtaining non-agricultural jobs.
The Roles of Homology and Convergence in Studies of Adaptation

The study of adaptation traditionally has proceeded under either of two modes, here termed the homology approach and the convergence approach. In recent years, both approaches have benefited greatly by using cladistics to define homology and homoplasy (convergence is one kind of homoplasy) as alternative explanations of pattern in a comparative data set. The homology approach treats adaptation as one Phvlotienencs and Ecology Copyright © 1994 The Linnean Society of London ISBN 0*12-23299(V2 All nphts ot reproduction in any form reserved
Exploring the facets of overall job satisfaction through a novel ensemble learning

The aim of this work is to understand the relationship between the overall Job Satisfaction and the facet Job Satisfaction, using a comprehensive dataset of Italian Social Cooperatives workers. On this issue, recent works explored how ensemble learning like Random Forest and TreeBoost can be used to assess the importance of potential predictors in the Job Satisfaction. Taking a similar way, in this study we use a tailored data mining approach for hierarchical data, namely a new algorithm called CRAGGING, shedding some light about the drivers of Job Satisfaction. To this end we use a variable importance measure and then we grow a synthetic model to relate the overall Job Satisfaction with corresponding facets. In doing this we obtain a simple model with unambiguous results.