Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Effort for Security Maintenance of Free and Open Source Components

The work presented in this paper is motivated by the need to estimate the security effort of maintaining Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) components within the software supply chain of a large international software vendor. We investigated publicly available factors (from number of active users to commits, from code size to usage of popular programming languages, etc.) to identify which ones impact three potential effort models: Centralized (the company checks each component and propagates changes to the product groups), Distributed (each product group is in charge of evaluating and fixing its consumed FOSS components), and Hybrid (seldom used components are checked individually by each development team, the rest is centralized). We use Grounded Theory to extract the factors from a six months study at the vendor. We report the results on a sample of 152 FOSS components used by the vendor.
Bacterial Flora Associated with Diseased Freshwater Ornamental Fish

Abstract Introduction: Ornamental fish can suffer from different bacterial diseases. Among them the most prevalent are infections caused by Aeromonas, Shewanella, Citrobacter, Plesiomonas, Edwardsiella, and Pseudomonas. But there is a broad spectrum of rarely identified bacteria which may be causative agents of diseases. The aim of the study was to determine the species of bacteria pathogenic for fish which are prevalent in aquariums. Material and Methods: Bacteria were isolated from infected ornamental fish from pet shops and private aquariums in the Lublin region in 2015 and classified to species using MALDI-TOF MS. Results: A total of 182 isolates from ornamental fish were identified. The most frequent bacteria found in diseased fish were Aeromonas veronii (30.8% of total number of strains), A. hydrophila (18.7%), Shewanella putrefaciens (7.1%), Citrobacter freundii (7.1%), Pseudomonas spp. (7.1%), Shewanella baltica (4.9%), and Plesiomonas shigelloides (3.3%). Conclusion: Isolated bacterial species are facultative pathogens for fish and humans and may be isolated from fish without apparent symptoms of the disease.
Taxonomy Analysis of Security Aspects in Cyber Physical Systems Applications

The notion of Cyber Physical Systems is based on using recent computing, communication, and control methods to design and operate intelligent and autonomous systems that can provide using innovative technologies. The existence of several critical applications within the scope of cyber physical systems results in many security and privacy concerns. On the other hand, the distributive nature of these CPS increases security risks. In addition, certain CPS, such as medical ones, generate and process sensitive data regularly, hence, this data must be protected at all levels of generation, processing, and transmission. In this paper, we present a taxonomy based analysis for the state of the art work on security issues in CPS. We identify four types of analysis for security issues in CPS: Modeling, Detection, Prevention, and Response. In addition, we identified six applications of CPS where security is relevant: eHealth and medical, smart grid and power related, vehicular technologies, industrial control and manufacturing, autonomous systems and UAVs, and finally IoT related issues. Then we mapped existing works in the literature into these categories.
Energy Management With a World-Wide Adaptive Thermostat Using Fuzzy Inference System

Energy management of residential buildings plays an important role in a smart grid. Region specific fuzzy logic strategies are proposed recently. However, no such approach exists that covers all regions of the world. A fuzzy logic-based strategy for the construction of fuzzy controller covering the entire globe would be cost effective due to the increasing power of micro-controllers. Results show that our proposed approach achieves a minimum energy savings of 6.5%, irrespective of where it is used around the world. This research will provide a model for extending the region specific solutions for a worldwide adaption.
Effect of contextual information on object tracking

Local object information, such as the appearance and motion features of the object, are useful for object tracking in videos provided the object is not occluded by other elements in the scene. During occlusion, however, the local object information in the video frame does not properly represent the true properties of the object, which leads to tracking failure. We propose a framework that combines multiple cues including the local object information, the background characteristics and group motion dynamics to improve object tracking in challenging cluttered environments. The performance of the proposed tracking model is compared with the kernelised correlation filter (KCF) tracker. In the tested video sequences the proposed tracking model correctly tracked objects even when the KCF tracker failed because of occlusion and background noise.
Effect of postharvest oxalic acid treatment on ethylene production, quality parameters, and antioxidant potential of peach fruit during cold storage.

The effects of postharvest oxalic acid (OA) treatment on ethylene production, fruit quality, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of peach fruit, were examined. Fruits were treated with oxalic acid immediately after harvest and stored at 1° C and 90% relative humidity for 28 days. The oxalic acid treated peach fruit exhibited significantly lower levels of ethylene production, pH, total soluble solids and weight loss and higher levels of firmness and titratable acidity than control. Also, OA treated fruit exhibited significantly higher total antioxidant capacity, which resulted from higher total phenols and flavonoids accumulation. During storage, activity of peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase enzymes increased in both control and treated peaches, and peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities in OA treated fruit were significantly greater than those in control. But, there was no significant difference in catalase activity between OA treated and control fruit. Results suggested that OA treatments could be a promising strategy to delay softening and enhance the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of peaches.
Language of Change Requires a Change of Language

The Dutch Government uses projects and programs to facilitate and implement many of their large changes. Since 2009, the gateway review method was introduced, providing a peer review upon request of the senior responsible owner of such high-risk projects and programs. Analysis conducted on the hundreds of reports written to-date revealed an imbalance in the management and control of these types of projects and programs. This analysis triggered another action to engage in discussion with the Gateway Community, to discuss this revealed imbalance. These in-depth sessions and discussions lead to new insight, in that in such strong bureaucratic environment or context such as the government and its bodies, the language used is primarily gauged toward the efficient execution of the project activities within the existing framework and procedures used in these organizations. However, the challenges that the Dutch Government is confronted with cannot only be resolved with these existing procedures and frameworks, as those were not designed for these purposes. These major changes and challenges require that different questions are asked that are usually not posed. A dialogue is required to discover the new language, which on its turn will lead to new possibilities to address these changes and challenges.
Immunotherapy in breast cancer : the subtype story

The presence of lymphocytic infiltrates in breast cancer were noted as early as 1922, demonstrating that host immune-surveillance has the potential to recognise cells that have undergone neoplastic transformation. More recently, retrospective analyses of prospectively collected tissue samples from clinical trials has served as a means to not only quantify the landscape of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer, but also to examine its influence on response to treatment and disease outcomes. Together these results suggest anti-tumour immunity can be a key determinant of disease outcomes in breast cancer and provides justification for evaluation of immunotherapeutic approaches.
Atmospheric forcing of the Beaufort Sea ice gyre: Surface pressure climatology and sea ice motion

[1] The Beaufort Gyre (BG) typically rotates anticyclonically and exerts an important control on Arctic Sea ice dynamics. Previous studies have shown reversals in the BG to rotate cyclonically during summer months and, in recent decades, throughout the annual cycle. In this investigation, we explore the synoptic climatology of atmospheric forcing and its relationship to sea ice motion and BG reversals. A catalog of daily synoptic weather types is generated for the Beaufort Sea Region covering the period 1979 to 2006 using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis mean sea level pressure data, principle components, and k-means cluster analyses. Mean synoptic type frequency, persistence, and duration values are calculated for each synoptic type and contrasted between the summer and winter seasons. Daily synoptic types are linked to changes in sea ice vorticity by using correlation analysis on lagged sea ice vorticity data. Lag correlations are found between synoptic types and sea ice vorticity smoothed over a 12-week running mean and show that cyclonic types, which promote southerly or easterly atmospheric circulation over the southern Beaufort Sea, commonly precede summer reversals. Furthermore, significant seasonal within-type variability in sea ice vorticity is detected within the synoptic types illustrating the importance of seasonal variability on these processes.
Access Performance Improvement in D2D Aided Underlaying Cellular Networks

Device-to-device (D2D) communication has been a significant supplement for traditional cellular network (CN) when meeting with the increasing number of requiring users. In this paper, we assume that cellular user equipments (CUEs) has priority over D2D user equipments (DUEs) on utilizing spectrum resource, and we aim at maximizing the average number of successfully corresponding DUEs. The spatial distribution of requiring users is assumed as homogeneous Poisson Point Process (PPP), therefore it is analytically tractable to derive the expression of D2D communication coverage probability. We derive the approximate closed-form expression of successfully corresponding DUEs' average number, and then obtain the optimal point of the expression with respect to activated DUE's density, and finally verify the effectiveness of this optimal point by numerical results.
Randomness in Digital Cryptography : A Survey

Digital cryptography relies greatly on randomness in providing the security requirements imposed by various information systems. Just as different requirements call for specific cryptographic techniques, randomness takes upon a variety of roles in order to ensure the proper strength of these cryptographic primitives. The purpose of the survey is to emphasize the importance of randomness in digital cryptography by identifying and highlighting the many roles random number sequences play and to carry forth the significance of choosing and integrating suitable random number generators as security flaws in the generator can easily compromise the security of the whole system.
Authigenic mineralization and detrital clay binding by freshwater biofilms: The Brahmani river, India

Epilithic biofilms, growing on submerged boulders, were collected upstream and downstream of sites of industrial discharge into the Brahmani River, Orissa State, India. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the outer cell walls of attached bacteria in all samples were often encrusted with fine‐grained (<1 μm) inorganic precipitates. The density of mineralization ranged from a few epicellular grains to complete encrustation by clayey materials. Energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) and selected‐area electron diffraction (SAED) indicated that the most abundant inorganic phase was a complex, poorly ordered, (Fe, Al)‐silicate of variable composition, containing minor amounts of potassium. No trace metals were detected in the authigenic precipitates. Bacterial cells were also found to entrap or adsorb detrital minerals such as kaolin, mica, quartz, iron oxide, and gibbsite onto their outer surfaces. Because epilithic microbial biofilms have a very large and highly reactive surface area, bindi.
Emergency Department Patient Experience

Introduction: Patient experience with emergency department (ED) care is an expanding area of focus, and recent literature has demonstrated strong correlation between patient experience and meeting several ED and hospital goals. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of existing literature to identify specific factors most commonly identified as influencing ED patient experience. Methods: A literature search was performed, and articles were included if published in peer-reviewed journals, primarily focused on ED patient experience, employed observational or interventional methodology, and were available in English. After a structured screening process, 107 publications were included for data extraction. Result: Of the 107 included publications, 51 were published before 2011, 57% were conducted by American investigators, and 12% were published in nursing journals. The most commonly identified themes included staff-patient communication, ED wait times, and staff empathy and compassion. Conclusion: The most commonly identified drivers of ED patient experience include communication, wait times, and staff empathy; however, existing literature is limited. Additional investigation is necessary to further characterize ED patient experience themes and identify interventions that effectively improve these domains.
Contextual Data Cleaning

In this paper, we motivate the need to include context in data cleaning in order to account for the subjective nature of data quality. Based on our recent work on incorporating ontologies into Functional Dependencies, we argue that ontologies are a rich source of context, and an effective tool for modeling domain concepts and relationships for data cleaning. Using real datasets, we present examples showing how ontologies can improve data cleaning workflows, and we outline open problems and directions for future work.
Global-net for Global Movements? A Network of Networks for a Movement of Movements

This article focuses on the use of Computer-Mediated Communication by the movement for global justice, with special attention to the organisations involved in the movement and its activists. We examined data collected during two supranational protest events: the anti-G8 protest in Genoa in July 2001 and the European Social Forum (ESF) in Florence in November 2002. In both cases, we have complemented an analysis of the Genoa Social Forum and ESF websites with a survey of activists, including questions about their use of the Internet. We then examine hypotheses about changes new technologies introduce in collective action. The Internet empowers social movements in: (a) purely instrumental ways (an additional logistical resource for ‘resource-poor’ actors), (b) a protest function (direct expression of protest); (c) symbolically (as a medium favouring identification processes in collective actors) and (d) cognitively (informing and sensitising public opinion).
Investigation of magnetic structure and magnetization process of yttrium iron garnet film by Lorentz microscopy and electron holography

The micromagnetic structure and magnetization process of perpendicular Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) films were studied by Lorentz microscopy and electron holography. The closure domain structure inside the thin transmission electron microscopy specimen exhibits the same period as the magnetization pattern observed by magnetic force microscopy indicating the perpendicular anisotropy of the YIG film. Through observation of stray fields, it is concluded that the shapes of domain and domain walls are sensitive to the specimen thickness; moreover, a closure domain configuration observed in thin specimen is the stable energy state as determined by the balance between the crystalline anisotropy and shape anisotropy. Domain wall movement is observed by applying a magnetic field, in situ, inside the microscope in both horizontal and perpendicular directions; the saturation fields observed are qualitatively in agreement with the results of the hysteresis loop.
Small Cell Power Assignment with Unimodal Continuum-Armed Bandit Learning

Judiciously setting the base station transmit power that matches its deployment environment is a key problem in ultra dense networks and heterogeneous in-building cellular deployments. A unique characteristic of this problem is the tradeoff between sufficient indoor coverage and limited outdoor leakage, which has to be met without explicit knowledge of the environment. In this paper, we address the small base station(SBS) transmit power assignment problem based on stochastic bandit learning with a continuous set of arms to avoid the constant performance loss or heavy workload on initialization caused by crude or excessive sampling in the previous strategies. With the aim of minimizing the expected cumulative performance loss, we capture the unimodality of the performance function which efficiently accelerates the search for the globally optimal power value. Simulations mimicking practical deployments are performed for both single and multiple SBS scenarios, and the resulting power settings are compared to the state-of-the-art solutions. Significant performance gains of the proposed algorithms are observed.
Shear and compressional velocity models of the mantle from cluster analysis of long‐period waveforms

SUMMARY We present a new technique for the efficient measurement of the traveltimes of long period body wave phases. The technique is based on the fact that all arrivals of a particular seismic phase are remarkably similar in shape for a single event. This allows the application of cross-correlation techniques that are usually used in a regional context to measure precise global differential times. The analysis is enhanced by the inclusion of a clustering algorithm that automatically clusters waveforms by their degree of similarity. This allows the algorithm to discriminate against unusual or distorted waveforms and makes for an extremely efficient measurement technique. This technique can be applied to any seismic phase that is observed over a reasonably large distance range. Here, we present the results of applying the algorithm to the long-period channels of all data archived at the IRIS DMC from 1976 to 2005 for the seismic phases S and P (from 23 ◦ to 100 ◦ ) and SS and PP (from 50 ◦ to 170 ◦ ). The resulting large data sets are inverted along with existing surface wave and updated differential traveltime measurements for new mantle models of S and P velocity. The resolution of the new model is enhanced, particularly, in the mid-mantle where SS and PP turn. We find that slow anomalies in the central Pacific and Africa extend from the core‐mantle boundary to the upper mantle, but their direct connection to surface hotspots is beyond our resolution. Furthermore, we find that fast anomalies that are likely associated with subducting slabs disappear between 1700 and 2500 km, and thus are not continuous features from the upper to lower mantle despite our extensive coverage and high resolution of the mid-mantle.
MDA and GSH-Px Activity in Transition Dairy Cows Under Seasonal Variations and their Relationship with Reproductive Performance

Abstract Introduction: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels under seasonal variations in dairy cows during transition period, and to assess the relationship between chosen reproductive parameters, GSH-Px, and MDA. Material and Methods: Holstein cows calving in January were assigned into winter group (n = 42), while cows calving in August were assigned into summer group (n = 42). Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein 21, 14, and 7 days before calving, at calving (0 day), and 7, 14, and 21 days after calving. Reproductive parameters obtained from farm records were evaluated. Results: In both groups of cows, GSH-Px activity decreased from 21 days before calving to day 0, and it gradually continued to increase until 21 days after calving. GSH-Px activity was higher in winter group compared to summer group during the transition period (P < 0.05). MDA levels in both groups increased over time starting from 21 days before calving to 0 day, but it gradually decreased thereafter. MDA levels were higher in summer group compared to winter group during the transition periods (P < 0.05). Summer group of cows showed higher intervals of calving-to-oestrus, calving-to-conception, and higher insemination index (P < 0.01). Negative correlation was recorded between GSH-Px and MDA during all examination days (P < 0.01). MDA levels correlated with calving to conception interval on day 21 before calving and day 0 (P < 0.01) and insemination index on day 0 and 21 days after calving (P < 0.01). GSH-Px activity was negatively correlated with calving to conception interval on day 21 before calving, day 0, and 21 days (P < 0.01) after calving. Negative correlation on day 21 before calving and day 0 was also determined between GSH-Px and insemination index (P < 0.01). Conclusion: This study showed that blood oxidant and antioxidant levels have affected the fertility parameters in cows under seasonal variations.
Recommendation Systems and Self Motivated Users

Modern recommendation systems rely on the wisdom of the crowd to learn the optimal course of action. This induces an inherent mis-alignment of incentives between the system's objective to learn (explore) and the individual users' objective to take the contemporaneous optimal action (exploit). The design of such systems must account for this and also for additional information available to the users. A prominent, yet simple, example is when agents arrive sequentially and each agent observes the action and reward of his predecessor. We provide an incentive compatible and asymptotically optimal mechanism for that setting. The complexity of the mechanism suggests that the design of such systems for general settings is a challenging task.
Oscillatoria Winter Bloom in the Nile River

Cyanobacterial winter bloom occurred in Port-Said at the northern part of Egypt causing an unpleasant taste and odor of drinking water and the frequent clogging of filters in the drinking water treatment plant were the primary problems that trigger this study. The objectives were to explore the changes in cyanobacterial community structure at different sites and to explore the primary factors affecting such structure. Samples of water and water column algae were collected from the Port-Said freshwater canal and sites along the Rosetta branch of the Nile River in Kafr El-Zayat, Edvena and Rosetta from September 2007 to March 2009. Variations in floristic composition, phytoplankton communities and water characteristics were determined. Different ecological parameters exhibited seasonal variations with small changes among different sites. Among the identified species of Cyanophyta, Microcystis aeruginosa, Oscillatoria brevis and Oscillatoria princeps recorded the highest cell counts. For Microcystis aeruginosa, the maximum cell counts were recorded in November 2008 and January 2009 at the Edvena site; maximum values of Oscillatoria brevis were recorded in January 2009 at the Kafr El-Zayat site, and maximum values of Oscillatoria princeps were recorded in January 2009 at the Rosetta site. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of physicochemical parameters and cyanobacterial counts indicate that the maximum counts were positively correlated with TDS, nitrate, ammonium and phosphate.