Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of vaccination on colostrum and calf blood serum IgG concentrations in pregnant cows

Özet: Bu çalışmada, ineklerde gebeligin ileri dönemlerinde uygulanan aşılann kolostrum ve buzagı kan serumundaki IgG seviyesi üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Araştırmada hayvan materyalini 40 baş Holstein ırkı inek ve bunlara ait 40 baş buzagı oluşturdu. Seçilen hayvanlar 20 baş uygulama ve 20 baş kontrololmak üzere 2 gruba aynıdı. Uygulama grubundaki inekler, inaktif Rota ve Coronavirus antijenleri ile E. eoU bakteri toksoidini içeren aşı (ScourGuard 3(K)) ile, gebeligin son 1,5 ayında, 2 hafta arayla 2 kez kas içi yolla aşılandı. Dogum yapan ineklerden, dogumdan hemen sonra 5 ml olmak üzere kolostrum alındı. Yeni dogan buzagılann ise yeterli kolostrum alması saglandı ve dogumdan 24 saat sonra vena jugularisten 10 ml kan toplandı. Kan örnekleri 3000 devir/dakika hızında 10 dakika süresince santrifüj edildi ve serumlan çıkanldı. Kolostrum ve serum örneklerinin IgG miktan Single Radial Immunodiffusion (SRID) yöntemi ile belirlendi. Buzagılann immun yapısının ortaya konulması amacıyla, serum IgG seviyesine göre; IgG seviyesi 800 mg/dı veya daha az olanlar, 800 mg/dı ile 1600 mg/dı arasında bulunanlar ve 1600 mg/dl'den yüksek olanlar şeklinde 3 gruba aynldı. lneklerin kolostrumlan ise içerdikleri IgG konsantrasyonuna göre 3200 mg/dl'den altında, 3200-4800 mg/dı arasında ve 4800 mg/dl'den fazla olmak üzere yine 3 grupta degerlendirildi. Araştırma sonucunda, kontrol ve uygulama grubundaki ineklerin ortalama kolostrum IgG düzeyleri sırasıyla 3542:1:1368 mg/dı ve 5500:1:1204,3 mg/dı idi (P<O,OOO1). Ortalama IgG düzeyi, kontrol ve uygulama grubundaki buzagılann serumunda sırasıyla 1495,5:1:556,3 mg/dı ve 2375:1:664,8 mg/dı olarak bulundu (P<O,OOOI). Araştırma bulgulanna göre, gebeligin son 1/3'lük döneminde yapılan aşı uygulamalannın kolostrum ve buzagı kan serumundaki IgG seviyesini artırdıgı sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Kolostrum antikor seviyesindeki artışın, buzagının kan serumundaki antikor seviyesindeki artışla büyük ölçüde ilişkili odugu göze çarpmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Aşılama, buzagı, gebe inek, IgG, kolostrum, serum
11 (cid:1) -Hydroxylase and aldosterone synthase expression in fetal rat hippocampal neurons

The central nervous system produces many of the enzymes responsible for corticosteroid synthesis. A model system to study the regulation of this local system would be valuable. Previously, we have shown that primary cultures of hippocampal neurons isolated from the fetal rat can perform the biochemical reactions associated with the enzymes 11 β -hydroxylase and aldosterone synthase. Here, we demonstrate directly that these enzymes are present within primary cultures of fetal rat hippocampal neurons.
Wave-front correction of a femtosecond laser using a deformable mirror

Typical applications of ultra-high-power femtosecond lasers include precision drilling and surface micro-machining of metals, and micro-structuring of transparent materials. However, high peak-power pulsed lasers are difficult to focus close to the diffraction limit because of aberrations that induce deviations from a perfect spatial wave-front. The sources of these aberrations include thermally induced and nonlinear optical distortions, as well as static distortions such as those introduced by gratings used in chirped-pulse amplification (CPA). A spatially clean beam is desirable to achieve the highest possible intensity on-target, and to minimize the energy deposited outside the central focus. One way to achieve this is to correct the wave-front using an adaptive optical element such as a deformable mirror, a more cost-effective solution than increasing peak intensity by providing further pulse amplification. The wave-front of the femtosecond system is measured using a Hartmann-Shack wave-front sensor, and corrected with a 37-channel deformable membrane mirror used slightly off-axis. The deformable mirror has been tested with a FISBA OPTIK μPhase HR digital interferometer, which is also used to calibrate the performance of the wave-front sensor. The influence of fluctuations of the laser on the measurement is minimised by averaging the centroid positions obtained from several consecutive frames. The distorted wave-front is compared to a reference flat wave-front which is obtained from a collimated laser diode operating at the same wavelength as the femtosecond system. The voltages on the deformable mirror actuators are then set to minimise the difference between the measured and reference wave-fronts using a simple least squares approach. Wave-front sensor and correction software is implemented in Matlab.
Bacterial disease in marine bivalves, a review of recent studies: Trends and evolution

The main microbial diseases affecting marine cultured bivalves have been revised on the basis of the eti- ologic agents, pathogenesis and pathogenicity. Several recent bivalve-interaction models have been studied, including Pecten larvae-Vibrio pectinicida, brown ring disease, juvenile oyster disease, Pacific oyster nocardiosis and summer mortalities of oysters. In addition, the taxonomy and phylogeny of new potential bivalve pathogens and their virulence factors have been established. Facing the difficulty of identifying bacterial strains associated with molluscan diseases (mainly vibriosis), polyphasic approaches have been developed to correlate the phenotype and genotype of potential pathogens. By evaluating likely virulence mechanisms, developing biotests to screen virulent strains and characterising the genes implicated in pathogenesis, a new generation of diagnostic tools, based on potential virulence, will be devel- oped. Acquisition of pertinent diagnostic tools will be of major benefit in disease management, health surveillance and monitoring will contribute to maintaining sustainable aquaculture industries.
Measurement scheme of the Berry phase in superconducting circuits

We present a measurement scheme for observing the Berry phase in a flux assisted Cooper pair pump - the Cooper pair sluice. In contrast to the recent experiments, in which the sluice was employed to generate accurate current through a resistance, we consider a device in a superconducting loop. This arrangement introduces a connection between the pumped current and the Berry phase accumulated during the adiabatic pumping cycles. From the adiabaticity criterion, we derive equations for the maximum pumped current and optimize the sluice accordingly. These results apply also to the high accuracy pumping which results in a potential candidate for a metrological current standard. For measuring the pumped current, an additional Josephson junction is installed into the superconducting loop. We show in detail that the switching of this system from superconducting state into normal state as a consequence of an external current pulse through it may be employed to probe the pumped current. The experimental realization of our scheme would be the first observation of the Berry phase in superconducting circuits.
Source : The Use of Internet and Communication Technology ( ICT ) in education : A Survey of Schools in Europe

This article, devoted to the examination of education technology trends in Europe, explores the relationship between access gaps and integrative technology offered in K-12, higher education, and corporate settings. Using rich data from reports, experts in the field, and surveys, the researchers estimated that education technology leaders must be at the forefront of promoting creativity and innovation in the field of technology and education. If educators in those three environments expect their students to be trailblazers, then they should be on the cutting edge themselves. Technology education has evolved in past decades and is still experiencing exponential change. The new ways in which people work, communicate, and learn has caused this evolution, and the speed with which new technologies enter the marketplace challenges traditional methods. On a parallel course, institutions with access to highly equipped digital resources are at a greater advantage than those that are less equipped with internet communication and technology access. The implications for technology and education management in Europe are challenging and exciting.
Relativistic spring-mass system

The harmonic oscillator plays a central role in physics describing the dynamics of a wide range of systems close to stable equilibrium points. The nonrelativistic one-dimensional spring-mass system is considered a prototype representative of it. It is usually assumed and galvanized in textbooks that the equation of motion of a relativistic harmonic oscillator is given by the same equation as the nonrelativistic one with the mass $M$ at the tip multiplied by the relativistic factor $1/(1 - v^2/c^2)^{1/2}$. Although the solution of such an equation may depict some physical systems, it does not describe, in general, one-dimensional relativistic spring-mass oscillators under the influence of elastic forces. In recognition to the importance of such a system to physics, we fill a gap in the literature and offer a full relativistic treatment for a system composed of a spring attached to an inertial wall, holding a mass $M$ at the end.
INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER - Aspects on staging and prognosis

Background: The difficulty of determining the prognosis for the individual patient with invasive bladder cancer is a major clinical problem. Currently, decisions regarding therapy are mainly based on tumour stage and grade, the first of which is notoriously demanding to ascertain. New molecular markers are however proposed to be of prognostic value. At present, there is considerable debate regarding the effects of delay on prognosis, lymph node staging and detection and staging of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) involving the prostatic urethra and prostate in males. This thesis is based on investigations of the impact of diagnostic and treatment delay on prognosis in invasive bladder cancer (Papers I and II). Intra-operative sentinel node (SN) detection for lymph node staging is evaluated prospectively in Paper III, as are the incidence of TCC in the prostatic urethra and prostate and the preoperative detection of such tumour growth in Paper IV. The prognostic values of expression profiling and tissue microarray (TMA) in high-risk bladder cancer are investigated in Papers V and VI. Results and conclusions: 1) Diagnostic delay in patients with T1 tumours might have an adverse effect on the prognosis. 2) Treatment delay in patients with invasive bladder cancer submitted to radical cystectomy did not influence disease-specific survival or stage progression in the present study. 3) Intraoperative SN detection is feasible during radical cystectomy and improves nodal staging. 4) Preoperative biopsies from the prostatic urethra identified 66% of patients with TCC in the prostatic urethra and/or prostate in a prospective study investigating the prostate and bladder neck with sagittal whole-mount technique. 5) Preoperative investigation with cold cup mapping biopsies has a low sensitivity for detection of CIS (23%) and is probably of little clinical value for identifying patients at risk of TCC in the prostatic urethra/prostate in the cystoprostatectomy specimen. 6) Expression profiling identified a 50 gene signature predicting lymph node metastasis and survival in patients submitted to radical cystectomy. 7) TMA-based analysis of prognostic markers in invasive bladder cancer seems to be of limited value. (Less)
Influence of Exsolved Volatiles on Reheating Silicic Magmas by Recharge and Consequences for Eruptive Style at Volcán Quizapu (Chile)

The two most recent eruptions of Volcán Quizapu (southern Andes, Chile), only 85 years apart, were both triggered by magma recharge and extruded the same volume (about 5 km3) of the same volatile‐rich dacitic magma, but showed a remarkable shift from effusive (1846–1847) to explosive (1932) behavior. We demonstrate, using a newly developed model, that the presence or absence of an exsolved volatile phase in the reservoir strongly influences its mechanical and thermal response to new inputs of magma. We propose that, prior to the 1846–1847 effusive eruption, gas bubbles damped the build‐up of excess pressure and allowed recharge of a significant volume of magma before triggering the 1846–1847 eruption. The strong temperature increase that resulted enhanced syneruptive outgassing leading to an effusive eruption. In contrast, during the repose period between the 1847 and 1932 eruptions, new recharges found a much less compressible host reservoir as the exsolved gas phase was largely removed in response to the prior eruption, yielding rapid pressurization, minor reheating, and comparatively less syneruptive outgassing. The combination of these effects culminated in an explosive eruption.
Testing generalizations about latitudinal variation in reproduction and recruitment patterns with sicyoniid and caridean shrimp species

Summary Study of latitudinal variation in seasonality of reproduction and recruitment of benthic marine invertebrates is useful in generating and testing hypotheses about causal factors acting on reproduction such as temperature and larval food supply that might be altered by changes in world climate. Analysis of latitudinal variation in reproductive patterns might be made with comparisons (a) among species with a common phylogenetic history from different latitudes and habitats and (b) among phylogenetically different taxa from the same location. Hypotheses on variation of reproductive seasonality with latitude are tested here with results of a study on nine species of caridean and two species of sicyoniid shrimp sampled from a tropical seagrass meadow in Puerto Rico. Breeding condition was determined by the presence or absence of incubated embryos (carideans) and the state of ovarian development in both carideans and sicyoniids. Recruitment was estimated from the percentage of individuals of monthly pop.
Comparısıon Success Rate of Immedıate Implants at Fresh Extractıon Sockets and Conventıonal Implants

C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Öncü E (2016) Comparısıon Success Rate of Immedıate Implants at Fresh Extractıon Sockets and Conventıonal Implants. Int J Oral Dent Health 2:028 Received: March 20, 2016: Accepted: May 27, 2016: Published: May 29, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Öncü E. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Öncü. Int J Oral Dent Health 2016, 2:028
Decision fusion for classifying hyperspectral imagery with high spatial resolution

Hyperspectral imaging is a relatively new technology in remote sensing. It deploys hundreds of spectral bands to collect image data for the same area. The high spectral resolution offers the potential of more accurate land-cover classification than when using instruments with rough spectral resolution, such as multispectral imaging sensors. However, the classification problem is challenging because of intrinsic intraclass variations (samples in the same class may have different spectral signatures). If a hyperspectral image also has high spatial resolution, the problem becomesmore serious since intraclass variations exist in both the spectral and spatial domains. As the accuracy of individual classifiers cannot be improved beyond given hard limits, many studies have been undertaken to develop and analyze combinations of results from different classifiers. The general aim is to obtain better results than can be derived from using classifiers individually, one at a time.1, 2 Unlike feature-level fusion, which extracts and combines features to improve performance, decision-level fusion combines the results from individual classifiers for final decision. Most decisionfusion approaches focus on supervised classifiers as base learners: all classifiers need training, so the results can only be as good as the training data. To avoid the possible negative influence from the limited quality of this data, we propose a method that combines supervised and unsupervised classifiers. In general, supervised feature recognition provides better classification than its unsupervised alternative. In addition to training-data limitations, using supervised classifiers may result in overclassification for some homogeneous areas. An unsupervised classifier, although possibly less powerful, generally recognizes such spectrally homogeneous areas fairly well. Thus, Figure 1. Test 1 image.
Identifying Wetland Consolidation Using Remote Sensing in the North Dakota Prairie Pothole Region

Artificial drainage of wetlands in the Great Plains has been linked to increased runoff, erosion, and the consolidation of small, seasonal wetlands into larger, more permanent bodies of water. We analyzed hydrologic changes to over 1.2 million water bodies across the entire North Dakota portion of the Prairie Pothole Region using the ratio of aggregate water area and total perimetric length in a landscape‐scale shape index calculated from existing Landsat derived data of water presence/absence. This ratio showed a clear change point toward more consolidation of wetlands around the period 1999 (±1 year) after an extended multiyear period of above‐average rainfall. We used hydrologic simulations with forcing data from across the region to show that this shift is unlikely to be due solely to natural variation in precipitation and evapotranspiration. Using county‐level regressions, we found that wetland consolidation as measured by the shape index was highly correlated with agricultural transitions out of wheat and into corn and soybeans over the period 1984–2014 (R2 > 0.4), though we do not find evidence of a strong correlation between reported drainage and wetland consolidation. These results highlight a potential hysteretic interaction involving interannual variations in hydrologic forcing and anthropogenic landscape alterations on wetland consolidation in the North Dakota prairie potholes.
ACCURACY OF GENERALIZED DIMENSIONS ESTIMATED FROM GRAYSCALE IMAGES USING THE METHOD OF MOMENTS

The moment-based box counting method of multifractal analysis is widely used for estimating generalized dimensions, Dq, from two-dimensional grayscale images. An evaluation of the accuracy of this method is needed to establish confidence in the resulting estimates of Dq . W e estimated Dq from q = −10 to +10 for 23 random geometrical multifractal fields with different grid sizes, and known analytical Dq versus q functions. The fields were transformed to give normalized grayscale values between zero and one. Comparison of the estimated and analytical functions indicated the moment-based box counting method overestimates Dq by as much as 6.9% when q � 0. The root mean square error, RMSE, for the entire range of q values examined ranged from 7.81 × 10 �6 to 1.35 × 10 �1 , with a geometric mean of 6.50 × 10 �3 . The RMSE decreased with decreasing grid size and increasing heterogeneity. These trends appear to be
Dynamic boundary conditions for a coupled convection-diffusion model with heat effects: applications in cross-contamination control

This work investigates the mass transfer of the Airborne Molecular cross Contamination (AMCs) between the Front Opening Unified Pod (FOUP) and wafer (silicon substrates) during the microelectronics devices manufacturing using dynamic boundary conditions. Such cross-contamination phenomena lead to detrimental impact on production yield in microelectronic industry and a predictive approach using modelling and computational methods is a very strong way to understand and qualify the AMCs cross contamination processes. The FOUP is made of polymeric materials and it is considered as a heterogeneous porous media, it can adsorb and desorb the contaminant, thus the modelled processes are the contamination of two-component in transient flow. Coupled diffusion and convection-diffusion model with heat effects are used to define the phenomena. The present methodology is, first using the optimization methods with the numerical solution in order to define the physical constants of various materials which have been studied experimentally and separately, and the second using the finite element methods including these physical constants and relevant interface condition in order to take into account the adsorption kinetics law. Numerical methods to solve the problem are proposed. The dynamics behaviour of the AMCs analysis was determined thanks to the switch of Dirichlet to Neumann condition. The mathematical model preserves the classical forms of the diffusion and convection diffusion equations and yields to consistent form of the Fick's law. The computed results are in correlation with the experimental measurements. Some numerical results are presented in this work.
Labour Market Segmentation, Occupational Choice and Non-farm Rural Employment: Multinomial Logit Estimation in India

This study is an attempt to look into the causal effect of education on occupational choice in the presence of labour market segmentation with micro level survey data on employment and unemployment in India. In this study, the dependent variable is a categorical variable, type of employment based on principal activity status and occupational status. Rural employment has been categorised into 8 groups: self-employed in agriculture and non-agriculture, unpaid family workers in agriculture and non-agriculture, regular wage earners in agriculture and non-agriculture, casual labour in agriculture and non-agriculture. As employment category is likely to be endogenously rather than exogenously determined, the dependent variable is a stochastic event describing the outcome of this stochastic event with a density function. Thus a multinomial logit model may be appropriate for predicting the occupational choice of individuals. Casual worker in agriculture is taken as the reference group in the multinomial logit model used in this study to look at the transformation of workers towards nonfarm employment. Rural people who have education the middle school or secondary level were mostly engaged in self-employment group either in the farm or non-farm sector. The persons with higher level of education were mostly absorbed as wage or salaried workers on permanent basis as expected. The coefficients for different education dummies are the multinomial logit estimate comparing the effects of education on occupational choice for different categories of employment relative to those in casual employment in agriculture given the other variables in the model are constant.