Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bral2 is indispensable for the proper localization of brevican and the structural integrity of the perineuronal net in the brainstem and cerebellum

Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are pericellular coats of condensed matrix that enwrap the cell bodies and dendrites of many adult central nervous system (CNS) neurons. These extracellular matrices (ECMs) play a structural role as well as instructive roles in the control of CNS plasticity and the termination of critical periods. The cartilage link protein Crtl1/Hapln1 was reported to be a trigger for the formation of PNNs in the visual cortex. Bral2/Hapln4 is another link protein that is expressed in PNNs, mainly in the brainstem and cerebellum. To assess the role of Bral2 in PNN formation, we examined the expression of PNN components in targeted mouse mutants lacking Bral2. We show here that Bral2‐deficient mice have attenuated PNNs, but the overall levels of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, lecticans, are unchanged with the exception of neurocan. Bral2 deficiency markedly affected the localization of brevican in all of the nuclei tested, and neurocan concomitant with Crtl1 in some of the nuclei, whereas no effect was seen on aggrecan even with the attenuation of Crtl1. Bral2 may have a role in the organization of the PNN, in association with brevican, that is independent of aggrecan binding. There was a heterogenous attenuation of PNN components, including glycosaminoglycans, indicating the elaborate molecular organization of the PNN components. Strikingly, a slight decrease in the number of synapses in deep cerebellar nuclei neurons was found. Taken together, these results imply that Bral2‐brevican interaction may play a key role in synaptic stabilization and the structural integrity of the PNN. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:1721–1736, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Netnographic Exploration

ABSTRACT Consumer conversations on a health-related electronic bulletin board are analyzed to investigate two key processes instrumental to creativity: analogical reasoning and reflective reframing. A netnographic analysis of these two creative strategies revealed two consistent themes of physician partnership and personal outcomes. To study the implications of these two themes for hospital communications, a content analysis of 40 comprehensive cancer-center Web sites was conducted. The results demonstrate a gap: although patients in online conversations emphasize physician partnership and personal outcomes, the majority of hospital communications emphasize reputation, expertise, and compassion. Strategic recommendations grounded in consumer conversations conclude the article.
Multidrug Resistance‐Related Transport Proteins in Isolated Human Brain Microvessels and in Cells Cultured from These Isolates

Abstract: The multidrug transporter, P‐glycoprotein (Pgp), at the blood‐brain barrier is thought to be important for limiting access of toxic agents to the brain, but controversy surrounds its cellular location, whether on endothelium or on adjacent astrocyte foot processes. In the present study, the distribution of protein and mRNA for Pgp and for another transporter, multidrug resistance‐associated protein (MRP), is compared with that for the endothelial marker, platelet‐endothelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (PECAM‐1) and for the astrocyte‐derived glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in microvessels isolated from human brain and in cells grown from these microvessels. Activities of the multidrug transporters are assessed in the cultured cells from the effects of transport inhibitors on intracellular [3H]vincristine accumulation. The isolated microvessels show strong immunocytochemical staining for Pgp and PECAM‐1 and little or no staining for GFAP and MRP, and they contain mRNAs detectable by RT‐PCR encoding only Pgp and PECAM‐1, but not GFAP or MRP. Thus, Pgp may well be synthesised and expressed on cells within the microvessels rather than on adherent astrocyte foot processes. In cells grown from the microvessels, although PECAM‐1 remains, Pgp expression decreases and MRP appears. Evidence suggests these multidrug transporters are functionally active in the cultured cells.
Death of the Lethargic: Effects of Expansion into New Technical Subfields on Performance in a Firm's Base Business

This paper finds that industry incumbents that do not expand into new technical subfields tend to fare poorly in their established businesses, even if the market for the established products continues to exist. Firms that expand from their established businesses survive longer and achieve greater subsequent market share than competitors that do not expand. By some measures, however, a failed attempt to expand into a new subfield may be even more harmful to a base business than nonexpansion. The study employs conventional and accelerated event-time regression models to analyze market share and survival. The sample, which includes 371 incumbents in four base subfields of the medical diagnostic imaging industry between 1953 and 1989, examines performance following the emergence of five new technical subfields of the industry.
Circuit design based on scaleable elements

Effective use of commercial CAD tools is necessary in the competing microwave radio market. In this paper a design method is proposed that makes use of scaleable distributed elements implemented in a commercial microwave CAD system. The method makes it easy to scale complete circuits in frequency and move them to other substrate materials with different thickness and ¿r. This minimises the design efforts moreover makes the design understanding intuitive. This paper describes the implementation of the method, and discusses the method applied to design and scaling of real circuits. The method is general and may be applied to both hybrid and MMIC circuits.
Three Cameras for Robot Pose Estimation: A Triple versus Two Pairs

In this paper, we propose a novel layout of cameras atop a moving robot to obtain its ego-motion. In particular, we use three cameras in perpendicular setting. This layout offers a better opportunity e.g. compared to collinear settings for studying the trade-off between the accuracy of features to track and a larger field of view. We show by real experiments and synthetic data alike that using the three cameras as a triple is more advantageous when the fields of view of the cameras are slowly changing. In this case, the triple not only provide more accurate features to track but lead also to a more accurate estimation for their 3D construction. On the contrary, for pure rotations, the fields of view are rapidly changing which offers the advantage to dealing with the three cameras as two stereo pairs with a larger field of view. The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is our real-time estimator of the robot pose.
Progress in therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a devastating muscular dystrophy of childhood. Mutations in the dystrophin gene destroy the link between the internal muscle filaments and the extracellular matrix, resulting in severe muscle weakness and progressive muscle wasting. There is currently no cure and, whilst palliative treatment has improved, affected boys are normally confined to a wheelchair by 12 years of age and die from respiratory or cardiac complications in their twenties or thirties. Therapies currently being developed include mutation‐specific treatments, DNA‐ and cell‐based therapies, and drugs which aim to modulate cellular pathways or gene expression. This review aims to provide an overview of the different therapeutic approaches aimed at reconstructing the dystrophin‐associated protein complex, including restoration of dystrophin expression and upregulation of the functional homologue, utrophin.
Multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) for supplier selection using fuzzy linguistic modelling integrated with VIKOR method

Supplier selection is a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problem with the involvement of conflicting and non-commensurable criteria, assuming that compromising is acceptable for conflict resolution, the decision-maker wants a solution that is the closest to the ideal, and the alternatives are evaluated according to all established criteria. In the present reporting, VIKOR method has been adopted in a fuzzy environment to assess multi-criteria attributes on suppliers' performance and to select the best supplier among a group of alternative suppliers. Individual attribute weights as well as supplier's attribute measures have been expressed in terms of linguistic fuzzy numbers, then a hierarchy MADM model based on fuzzy sets theory and VIKOR method has been applied to deal with such a supplier selection problem. A numerical illustration has been represented to focus application feasibility of the aforesaid methodology.
Non-Gaussian statistics, classical field theory, and realizable Langevin models.

The direct-interaction approximation (DIA) to the fourth-order statistic {ital Z}{approximately}{l_angle}({lambda}{psi}{sup 2}){sup 2}{r_angle}, where {lambda} is a specified operator and {psi} is a random field, is discussed from several points of view distinct from that of Chen {ital et} {ital al}. [Phys. Fluids A {bold 1}, 1844 (1989)]. It is shown that the formula for {ital Z}{sub DIA} already appeared in the seminal work of Martin, Siggia, and Rose [Phys. Rev. A {bold 8}, 423 (1973)] on the functional approach to classical statistical dynamics. It does not follow from the original generalized Langevin equation (GLE) of Leith [J. Atmos. Sci. {bold 28}, 145 (1971)] and Kraichnan [J. Fluid Mech. {bold 41}, 189 (1970)] (frequently described as an amplitude representation for the DIA), in which the random forcing is realized by a particular superposition of products of random variables. The relationship of that GLE to renormalized field theories with non-Gaussian corrections ({open_quote}{open_quote}spurious vertices{close_quote}{close_quote}) is described. It is shown how to derive an improved representation, which realizes cumulants through {ital O}({psi}{sup 4}), by adding to the GLE a particular non-Gaussian correction. A Markovian approximation {ital Z}{sub DIA}{sup {ital M}} to {ital Z}{sub DIA} is derived. Both {ital Z}{sub DIA} and {ital Z}{sub DIA}{sup more » {ital M}} incorrectly predict a Gaussian kurtosis for the steady state of a solvable three-mode example. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society. } « less
Ceruminous Adenocarcinoma of the Ear

Malignancies of the ear and temporal bone are rare and aggressive types of tumors, with a reported incidence ofless than 0.2% of all head and neck tumors. ' These tumors spread mainly by direct invasion into the temporal bone and neighboring structures such as the parotid, infratemporal fossa, dura, and brain. Lymphatic metastases are uncommon, and distant spread is extremely rare. "? Ceruminous glands are modified apocrine glands of the external auditory meatus; they rarely give rise to malignant change. " An 85-year-old man with type 2 diabetes presented to the emergency department with a left facial palsy and concomitant symptoms of a chest infection. He was treated with oral antibiotics for radiologically confirmed pneumonia. A diagnosis of unrelated Bell palsy was made by the attending physician, and the patient was also treated with oral steroids and antiviral therapy.
Comparison of three fish bioaccumulation models for ecological and human risk assessment and validation with field data

This article compares two bioconcentration Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSARs) for fish applied in human risk assessments with the mechanistic bioaccumulation model OMEGA and field data. It was found that all models are virtually similar up to a Kow of 106. For substances with a Kow higher than 106, the fish bioconcentration curve in the risk assessment model EUSES decreases parabolically. In contrast, OMEGA bioaccumulation outcomes approximately show a linear increase, based on mechanistic bioconcentration and biomagnification properties of chemicals. The OMEGA-outcomes are close to the fish bioconcentration outcomes of the risk assessment model CalTOX. For very hydrophobic substances, field accumulation data in freshwater and marine fish species are closer to OMEGA- and CalTOX-outcomes compared to EUSES. The results also show that it is important to include biomagnification in fish and lipid content of fish in human exposure models.
Measurement of Hemoglobin A1c in Patients With Sickle Cell Trait.

Author Contributions: Mr Kahn and Ms Gardin had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Concept and design: All authors. Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: All authors. Drafting of the manuscript: All authors. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors. Statistical analysis: All authors. Administrative, technical, or material support: Gardin.
SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM BENEFITS OF SUPPLIER-CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP

Today, business environment has become more dynamic with more demanding customers and intense market competition. To meet this, more and more firms are conducting innovation activities. Firms which are succeed to innovate tends to survive and grow to a greater extent. Innovation may come from various sources, one of them is from external side of a firm. As one of the main sources of innovation from external side, business partner which include supplier and customer have important role to the success of innovation. This paper attempts to analyzing the role of cooperation and relationship between supplier and customer firms in Indonesiaâ€™s automotive sector, in regard with the change in innovation maturity stage of those firms. Long term and short term advantages gain from the cooperation and managed relationship are also discussed. Key factors for succesful cooperation with optimum benefits are related with trust and openness culture from both parties. Further research directions are also discussed in this paper.
How Do United States Equity Markets Respond to Industrial Injury and Fatality?

This paper examines the equity market reaction to 77 industrial incidents involving publicly traded companies in the United States over the period 2000-2013. This sample of incidents involves 14,449 injuries and 105 fatalities, with contributing factors identified as company violations and safety errors, equipment failure, human error and vandalism. The equity market reaction is identified using a GARCH-methodology. Companies that experienced incidents that were identified as safety violations are found to suffer from the highest costs in terms of equity price reductions, but the volatility effects of these incidents tend to mitigate within two weeks. Incidents caused by vandalism experience the sharpest volatility increases, but are found to reduce within two days. Whereas, equity market volatility associated with incidents caused by equipment failure tends to persist for almost four weeks after the event. Injuries are found to cost publicly traded companies $14 million each, however, fatalities lead to equity market capitalisation reductions of between $465 and $720 million depending on the cause of the incident. Hence, these results shed light on the equity market’s role as a driver for enhanced compliance with health and safety regulation and compliance with industry good practice.
The Role Of The Private Sector In Developing And Supporting International Competitiveness

In the actual context of economic globalization, the competitiveness has a crucial importance for all the countries. But due to which factors and to what extent takes place the creation and improvement of it? This paper traces the role of the private sector in creating and sustaining international competitiveness, it summarizes three determinants of international competitiveness (productivity, innovation and clusters) and traces their impact on it. The main argument of this paper is that these three determinants developed at the microeconomic level play an important role for country’s competitiveness due to their creation as a result of quality activities which take place in firms. At the same time, they are goals for a firm in its pursue for high profits and efficiency.
Long Range and Ultra-Wideband Short Range Automotive Radar

While radar based comfort systems like autonomous cruise control (ACQ) and collision warning are available in many high and mid class models since several years, safety systems like pre-crash sensing, collision mitigation, or collision avoidance are just entering the market. For safety functions short range ultra-wideband radar sensors are used in addition to forward looking long-range radar to extend ACC to stop-and-go operation and to enable further features like pre-crash warning, parking aid, back-up warning, lane change aid, or emergency braking. The contribution give an overview on automotive radar sensors and applications for novel comfort and safety systems with special emphasis on ultra-wideband short range radar, addressing specifications, design, packaging, and the worldwide frequency regulation situation.
Effects of a one-year home-based case management intervention on falls in older people: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of a home-based one-year case management intervention in older people with functional dependency and repeated contact with the health care services on self-reported falls and self-reported injurious falls. METHODS The study was a randomized controlled trial with repeated follow-ups. The sample (n = 153) was consecutively and randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 80, mean age = 81.4 [SD 5.9]) or control group (n = 73, mean age = 81.6 [SD 6.8]). The intervention group received a case management intervention which comprised monthly home visits during 12 months by nurses and physiotherapists employing a multifactorial preventive approach. RESULTS In the intervention group, 96 falls occurred during the intervention period compared with 85 falls in the control group (p = .900). There were 40 and 38 injurious falls (p = .669) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This home-based case management intervention was not able to prevent falls or injurious falls.
Reactive Applications of Cyclic Alkylene Carbonates

The synthesis and use of cyclic alkylene carbonates as reactive intermediates first appeared in the literature more than 50 years ago. However, the range of their usefulness in industrial applications has only been fully realized in the past decade. In this article, numerous reactive applications of the cyclic alkylene carbonates, specifically the five-membered cyclics, are discussed. In addition, utilization of the chemistry presented in this review for the preparation of industrially useful monomers, polymers, surfactants, plasticizers, cross-linking agents, curing agents, and solvents, to name a few, is also discussed.
Development and chamber evaluation of the MCM v3.2 degradation scheme for β-caryophyllene

A degradation mechanism for -caryophyllene has recently been released as part of version 3.2 of the Mas- ter Chemical Mechanism (MCM v3.2), describing the gas phase oxidation initiated by reaction with ozone, OH radi- cals and NO3 radicals. A detailed overview of the construc- tion methodology is given, within the context of reported ex- perimental and theoretical mechanistic appraisals. The per- formance of the mechanism has been evaluated in chamber simulations in which the gas phase chemistry was coupled to a representation of the gas-to-aerosol partitioning of 280 multi-functional oxidation products. This evaluation exercise considered data from a number of chamber studies of either the ozonolysis of -caryophyllene, or the photo-oxidation of -caryophyllene/NOx mixtures, in which detailed prod- uct distributions have been reported. This includes the re- sults of a series of photo-oxidation experiments performed in the University of Manchester aerosol chamber, also re- ported here, in which a comprehensive characterization of the temporal evolution of the organic product distribution in the gas phase was carried out, using Chemical Ionisation Reac- tion Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (CIR-TOF-MS), in conjunction with measurements of NOx, O3 and SOA mass loading. The CIR-TOF-MS measurements allowed approxi- mately 45 time-resolved product ion signals to be detected, which were assigned on the basis of the simulated tempo- ral profiles of the more abundant MCM v3.2 species, and their probable fragmentation patterns. The evaluation stud- ies demonstrate that the MCM v3.2 mechanism provides an acceptable description of -caryophyllene degradation un- der the chamber conditions considered, with the temporal evolution of the observables identified above generally be- ing recreated within the uncertainty bounds of key parame- ters within the mechanism. The studies have highlighted a number of areas of uncertainty or discrepancy, where fur- ther investigation would be valuable to help interpret the results of chamber studies and improve detailed mechanis- tic understanding. These particularly include: (i) quantifica- tion of the yield and stability of the secondary ozonide (de- noted BCSOZ in MCM v3.2), formed from -caryophyllene ozonolysis, and elucidation of the details of its further oxi- dation, including whether the products retain the "ozonide" functionality; (ii) investigation of the impact of NO x on the -caryophyllene ozonolysis mechanism, in particular its effect on the formation of -caryophyllinic acid (denoted