Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding complex assessment: A lesson from aviation

A variety of assessment methods are used in assessing performance in complex domains. These vary from paper-and-pencil tests to advanced simulation. The conventional approach to assessment of airline pilots' performance has focused on technical skills, such as flying an aircraft and related aeronautical knowledge including aerodynamics, aircraft systems, navigation, rules and regulations. While technical skills are important, over recent decades another set of pilot skills has been implicated in a majority of airline accidents. These skills, termed non-technical skills, include decision making, communication and teamwork. Although critical to airline safety, these non-technical skills are only now beginning to be transparently assessed. This paper presents empirical research that investigated current practice in how experienced senior pilots assess pilot performance. The research has led to a model for assessing pilots’ performance (MAPP). Whilst this model has been developed for use in aviation, the paper discusses how the MAPP may have relevance to other professions and vocations for assisting in complex performance-based assessment.
USPIO Enhanced Susceptibility Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Mouse Brain Vascular Architecture

B. Hamans, M. Barth, W. Leenders, A. Heerschap Department of Radiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands, F.C. Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands Introduction The cerebral vascular structure plays an important role in brain oxygenation and nutrition. Visualizing brain vascular structure is usually performed with techniques such as magnetic resonance angiography using endogenous contrast or by using exogenous contrast agents such as Gd-DTPA or iron oxide particles in T1 and T2*-weighted imaging. Recently susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) has been introduced in humans [1, 2] and rats [3] as a novel approach. With SWI, small veins in the brain are enhanced using advanced post-processing, making use of susceptibility differences between certain structures such as the susceptibility difference between blood (deoxyhaemoglobin) in vessels and its surrounding tissue. In this paper we propose to use additional exogenous contrast for a substantial enhancement of local susceptibility effects allowing for even smaller structures like mouse brain capillaries to be visualized. By injecting superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO) as a blood pool agent, additional local magnetic field in-homogeneities will be introduced, resulting in both a reduction of T2* and greater susceptibility differences between vessels and their surroundings than only caused by deoxyhaemoglobin. To test this hypothesis susceptibility-weighted imaging was performed on the mouse brain before and after USPIO injection. Mice provide an excellent model system to study brain vasculature by MR, for instance to evaluate the effect of anti-angiogenic therapy in brain tumour [4].
Heat stress investigation on laundry workers

Heat stress is one of the occupational hazards in hot working environment. Hot conditions will put the body under a lot of stress. This paper will discuss the results on investigation of heat stress among employees at the selected Dr. Clean laundries around Johor Bahru, Johor. In this study, heat stress level was determined based on Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Index (WBGT) and Heat Stress Index (HSI). It was found that level of heat stress as defined by WBGT at one of the laundries (Dr. Clean Surplus Prisma Sdn Bhd, Bandar Baru Uda) had slightly exceeded Threshold Limit Value (TLV) limit as 28.78OC; more than 28OC and 28.5OC as recommended by the ISO 7243 Standard and ACGIH Standard respectively. Whereas, Laundry 2 (Dr Clean Ambang Elit Sdn Bhd, Bandar Putra Kulai) and 3 (Dr Clean Prisma Ilusi Sdn Bhd, Taman Mutiara Rini) were recorded as 26.41 and 27.04 respectively. However, the Heat Stress Index of Belding and Hatch (HSI) value shows possibility of mild to moderate heat strain may occur at all outlets. HSI index for Laundry 1, 2 and 3 were exceeded range of 0-10 recommended by ISO 7243 as 28.45, 26.81 and 26.01 respectively. In conclusion, Dr Clean outlets in Johor could be considered as hot working environment since heat stress was determined among laundry workers; but in a very initial stage.
Isolation, chemical modification and cytotoxic evaluation of atranorin, the major metabolite of the foliose lichen Parmotrema melanothrix

The foliose lichen, Parmotrema melanothrix was chemically screened for the first time and isolated the depside atranorin in significant quantity (2%) along with methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate (2) and methyl 3-formyl-2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate (3) . In view of its abundance, interesting structural features and significant biological profile, atranorin was subjected to chemical modification and synthesised five diverse analogues in very good yields (70~93%). The synthesised analogues along with the three isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic potential against a panel of six human cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Among the tested compounds, 1a showed enhanced activity than the parent compound (1) against almost all the tested cell lines. Significantly, 1a showed highest activity (IC50: 15.19 μM) against DU145 cell line. The results indicate that complete protection of the phenolic hydroxyls in the form of acetates enhances the cytotoxicity, especially against prostate cancer cell line (DU 145).
Running Head: DEVELOPMENT OF THE VISUALIZING SYSTEM OF KNOWLEDGE 9th International Conference on Language, Innovation, Culture and Education

Many people have been gradually building the knowledge of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) for a long time and new knowledge is created based on previous knowledge. Therefore, all knowledge is related to each other and structured. Currently, knowledge structure of STEM is huge and complicated. We consider that visualization of knowledge structure is very useful for learning STEM. By acquiring knowledge structure students can understand STEM more deeply and learning speed is accelerated. From this background, we developed the system visualizing the knowledge structure of STEM. We realize visualization of knowledge structure by using a network graph of hyperlink structure of STEM e-learning website which we have been developing. In order to analyze the hyperlink structure we developed crawler software and computed the data for graph drawing. The website contains about one thousand units of knowledge. In the graph drawing a node indicates a unit of knowledge which is allocated to one webpage and a directed edge indicates a hyperlink. The label of the node comes from the title of the webpage. The graph drawing is limited to knowledge within 3 graph distances from noticing knowledge. The graph drawing is opened by just clicking hyperlink on the webpage which you are visiting to study. The noticed webpage is displayed as a red node. In the graph, you can easily recognize some nodes which connect with many other nodes. These nodes indicate very important knowledge which you should know. We can not only easily understand the relation between knowledge through this graph drawing, but also learn basic knowledge and advanced knowledge by just clicking the node in the graph drawing. This graph drawing system enables you to learn STEM efficiently and effectively.
Electronic feeding behavioural data as indicators of health status in dairy calves

Abstract The objectives of this study were (i) to characterise clinical health in dairy calves on an Irish research farm during the artificial calf-rearing period and (ii) to determine whether calves’ pre-weaning intakes and feeding behaviour, recorded by electronic calf feeders, changes in response to incidents of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Holstein-Friesian (H-F) and Jersey (J) calves were fed by automatic milk replacer (MR) and concentrate feeders. Feeding behaviour, including MR consumption, drinking speed, number of rewarded and unrewarded visits to the feeder as well as concentrate consumption, was recorded by the feeders. A modified version of the Wisconsin calf health scoring criteria chart was used to score calves’ clinical measurements and identify incidences of BRD. Thus, 40% of calves were found to have at least one incident of BRD. Feeding behaviour was altered during incidents of BRD. The number of unrewarded visits to the feeder was reduced, by approximately four visits, for calves with BRD during the 3 d prior to the identification of BRD (P < 0.05) and tended to be reduced during the 7 d following the identification of BRD (P = 0.05), compared with healthy calves. Additionally, calves with BRD had a tendency for reduced net energy intake (approximately 8%) during the 3 d prior to the identification of BRD, compared with healthy calves. Therefore, calf feeding behavioural data, recorded by electronic feeders during the pre-weaning period, can indicate cases of BRD.
ESTRATEGIA DE MEDICION MEJORADA BASADA EN DISEÑO ESTADISTICO DE EXPERIMENTOS PARA UN CONVERTIDOR ELEVADOR

This work presents a measurement strategy based on the statistical design of experiments to analyze the switching and conduction losses of the switches of a boost converter. The measurement strategy considers the measurement errors compensation and the reduction of sensors, but achieving a good quality and accuracy of the directly developed measurements. A very detailed analysis of the phenomena and parasitic elements of the circuit, which produce incorrect measurements of the variables of interest, is performed. Some recommendations are presented in order to take advantage, in an optimum manner, of the different interrupter–diode combinations that have been analyzed.
Institutional Investor Recognition on Financial Asset Tranches: A Study of The Thai Property Sector

This study explores the investment behavior of Thailand’s institutional investors. A comparison is made between property development shares and property funds. An experiment was conducted on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) from June 2008 to June 2012. However, the findings of this study are expected to be generalized across other emerging markets that are mostly dominated by retail investors. The Generalized Least Squares regression method is applied to limit the threat from small market capitalization characteristics of the sample. The study finds that: (1) trading volume of property funds leads to the market price premium of their net asset values (NAVs); (2) institutional investors’ holding of property development shares encourages the market price of these stocks to be higher; (3) institutional investors prefer to make their investment decisions based on the discounted market price of property funds rather than the net asset value of the property funds. The results imply that higher liquidity yields a higher premium price on book value or net asset value. Another implication is that projected cash flows of financial assets that represent their current price are more important than their present net asset value. Finally, free float and the existence of institutional investors positively affect financial asset prices.
Toxicity of venom of Asobara and Leptopilina species to Drosophila species

The Drosophila parasitoid Asobara japonica Belokobylskij (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) has highly toxic venom that kills host larvae if its injection is not followed by an injection of lateral oviduct components along with egg‐laying. In the present study, the venoms of seven other Drosophila parasitoids (Asobara rossica, Asobara rufescens, Asobara pleuralis, Leptopilina heterotoma, Leptopilina japonica, Leptopilina ryukyuensis, and Leptopilina victoriae) are tested against three kinds of Drosophila species (i.e. Drosophila species that are suitable as host for focal parasitoids, those that are resistant to the parasitoids, and a cosmopolitan species, Drosophila simulans). Venoms of the three Asobara species are not toxic to any of Drosophila species, whereas those of the four Leptopilina species are toxic to some Drosophila species. The toxicity of venom varies among Leptopilina species, and the susceptibility to venom also varies among host Drosophila species. Furthermore, toxicity and paralytic effects of venom are not correlated. Because the toxicity of venom is not adaptive for parasitoids, it may be an inevitable side effect of some components that play an essential role in parasitism.
Identifying and understanding the patterns and processes of forest cover change in Albania and Kosovo

Forests are important resources for local livelihoods and the economy. Forest cover can be significantly affected by changes in institutional and political framework conditions such as induced by the collapse of socialism in Eastern Europe and the war in Kosovo. This study analyzed the determinants of changes in forest cover for two periods between 1988 and 2007 for Albania and Kosovo. The method used in this thesis included Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) that served to identify the local pattern and processes of forest cover change. Pressures on forest from subsistence extraction of wood decreased in the second period when deforestation was observed in larger distance from roads and populated areas. The determinant of distance to nearest human settlement showed high local variations in their relationships with forest cover change. A strong negative influence was particularly evident in the northern and northeastern regions in Albania and the northern and southern in Kosovo in the second period. This research contributed important country-evidence to the literature on the patterns and processes of the post-socialist forest cover change.
COMPREHENSIVE CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION SITE FOR INFORMATION REMOTE SENSING

Abstract. As a naturally part of information technology, Remote Sensing (RS) is strongly required to provide very precise and accurate information product to serve industry, academy and the public at this information economic era. To meet the needs of high quality RS product, building a fully functional and advanced calibration system, including measuring instruments, measuring approaches and target site become extremely important. Supported by MOST of China via national plan, great progress has been made to construct a comprehensive calibration and validation (Cal&Val) site, which integrates most functions of RS sensor aviation testing, EO satellite on-orbit caration and performance assessment and RS product validation at this site located in Baotou, 600km west of Beijing. The site is equipped with various artificial standard targets, including portable and permanent targets, which supports for long-term calibration and validation. A number of fine-designed ground measuring instruments and airborne standard sensors are developed for realizing high-accuracy stepwise validation, an approach in avoiding or reducing uncertainties caused from nonsynchronized measurement. As part of contribution to worldwide Cal&Val study coordinated by CEOS-WGCV, Baotou site is offering its support to Radiometric Calibration Network of Automated Instruments (RadCalNet), with an aim of providing demonstrated global standard automated radiometric calibration service in cooperation with ESA, NASA, CNES and NPL. Furthermore, several Cal&Val campaigns have been performed during the past years to calibrate and validate the spaceborne/airborne optical and SAR sensors, and the results of some typical demonstration are discussed in this study.
On the Field-theoreticity of Homomorphisms between the Multiplicative Groups of Number Fields

We discuss the eld-theoreticity of homomorphisms between the multiplicative groups of number elds. We prove that, for instance, for a given isomorphism between the multiplicative groups of number elds, either the isomorphism or its multiplicative inverse arises from an isomorphism of elds if and only if the given isomorphism is SPU-preserving (i.e., roughly speaking, preserves the subgroups of principal units with respect to various nonarchimedean primes).
The Influence of Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs on Mortality of Mice and the Concentration of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Blood at Sepsis

Experiments on albino mice showed that administration m-cholinomimetic (aceclydine), n-cholinomimetic (nicotine), reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (neostigmine methyl sulfate), n-cholinomimetic α7nAChRs agonist (GTS-21), epinephrine hydrochloride, adenomimetic β2ARs agonist (hexaprenaline sulfate) causes decrease in mice mortality in sepsis caused by the administration (i.p.) of E. coli O157:H7 and the concentration of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the blood in comparison with parameters at sepsis without use of drugs.
The impact of volcanic eruptions in the period 2000–2013 on global mean temperature trends evaluated in the HadGEM2‐ES climate model

The slow‐down in global warming over the last decade has lead to significant debate about whether the causes are of natural or anthropogenic origin. Using an ensemble of HadGEM2‐ES coupled climate model simulations we investigate the impact of overlooked modest volcanic eruptions. We deduce a global mean cooling of around −0.02 to −0.03 K over the period 2008–2012. Thus while these eruptions do cause a cooling of the Earth and may therefore contribute to the slow‐down in global warming, they do not appear to be the sole or primary cause.
The Effect of Modified Starch Based Fat Replacer on Milk Properties

In this study, modified starch was used as a fat replacer in the milk. The fat replacer was manufactured from modified starch such as pre-gelatinized and cross-linked starches. Modified starches were manufactured by hydrochloric acid and citric acid treatments from potato and wheat and were added to skim milk at concentrations of 0.15%, 0.30% and 0.45%. Viscosity, total solid, fat content, titrable acidity, pH and sensory scores were evaluated for the prepared milk samples. The plant source and kind of modification affected the physicochemical and sensory properties of the milk sample significantly. The impact of modified starch concentration and kind of acid used for modification on sensory property and viscosity of the milk samples was significant. The results indicated that pre-gelatinized starch at the concentration of 0.45% and cross-linked starch at concentration of 0.3% might be selected for the addition to skim milk but milk sample with cross-linked starch was superior due to its acceptable texture and flavor.
The Structure and Content of Architectural Experience: Scruton on Architecture as Art

The notion of architectural experience has been explored by Roger Scruton in a essay in which he provides an account of both its structure and content, along with clarifications of certain key concepts in architectural criticism, such as architectural success and architectural beauty. In this article, I introduce Scruton’s theory and argue that, despite its intuitive appeal, some crucial elements for the appreciation of buildings as works of architecture are not adequately addressed there. I then propose various ways of addressing these criticisms.
An investigation into design for performance and code maintainability in high performance computing

Maintaining and adapting scientific applications software is an ongoing issue for many researchers and communities, especially in domains such as geophysics, where community codes are constantly evolving to adopt new solution methods and constitutive laws. Traditional high performance computing code is written in C or Fortran, which offer high performance but are notoriously difficult to evolve and maintain. Object-oriented and interpretive programming languages (such as C++, Java, and Python) offer better support for code evolution and maintenance, but have not been widely adopted for scientific programming, for reasons including their performance and/ or complexity. This paper describes our approach to developing scientific codes in C that provides the flexibility of interpreted object oriented environments with the performance of traditional C programming, through techniques including entry points, plug-ins, and coarse grained objects. This approach has been used to implement two very differently formulated scientific codes in active use and development by the geophysics scientific community.
Predictive factors for sepsis diagnosis , length of intensive care unit ( ICU ) stay and mortality in ICU

Background: The incidence of sepsis is worldwide. We aimed to assess the value of enhanced red cell distribution width (RDW) to predict sepsis and evaluate factors affecting length of intensive care units (ICU) stay and inhospital mortality among sepsis patients. Materials and Methods: In a prospective study, we had 187 patients, which after exclusion of 27 patients, we included 160 adult patients with suspicious sepsis admitted in the university affiliated Hospital with 33 ICU-beds from 2010 to 2012. Nighty patients were diagnosed with sepsis and the source of infection was defined. Receiver–operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to examine the sepsis predictions from RDW, APACHE II scores, and combination of them. The primary endpoint of this analysis was ICU mortality. The secondary endpoints were length of stay in ICU and hospital. A linear regression analysis was used to study risk factors for longer ICU stay and we used Logistic regression analysis to predict factors affecting inhospital mortality. Results: The addition of elevated RDW value to acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score in critically illness states enhanced the AUC for predicting sepsis and its differentiation from SIRS. Female patients and those with numerous co-morbidities or AKI and those on mechanical ventilation significantly stayed longer in ICU. Moreover, the patients with higher APACHE II score died significantly more than others . Conclusion: The addition of elevated RDW value to APACHEII score in critically illness helps to differentiate sepsis from SIRS.
Mathematical Model for Analysis of Translational Displacements of Tooth Root

AbstractAnalytical modeling of stress-strain state of a periodontal ligament in the case of the translational displacement of a tooth root was carried out. The tooth root was assumed as a rigid body. The boundary conditions corresponding to the translational displacement of the root and fixed external surface of the periodontal ligament in the dental alveolus were considered. The system of differential equations describing the periodontal ligament's plane-strain state induced by the translational motion of the tooth were used as the governing equations. An analytical solution was found for the governing equations in the explicit form. Comparative analysis of the concentrated force generated by the prescribed translational motion of the tooth root was performed using the obtained analytical solution and the model of an incompressible periodontal ligament in the form of a circular paraboloid and hyperboloid. The mathematical model developed in this paper can be used to analyze stresses and strains in the pe.