Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Yttrium oxide/silicon dioxide: a new dielectric structure for VLSI/ULSI circuits

Electrical characteristics of Al/yttrium oxide ( approximately 260 AA)/silicon dioxide ( approximately 40 AA)/Si and Al/yttrium oxide ( approximately 260 AA)/Si structures are described. The Al/Y/sub 2/O/sub 3//SiO/sub 2//Si (MYOS) and Al/Y/sub 2/O/sub 3//Si (MYS) capacitors show very well-behaved I-V characteristics with leakage current density <10/sup -10/ A/cm/sup 2/ at 5 V. High-frequency C-V and quasistatic C-V characteristics show very little hysteresis for bias ramp rate ranging from 10 to 100 mV/s. The average interface charge density (Q/sub f/+Q/sub it/) is approximately 6*10/sup 11//cm/sup 2/ and interface state density D/sub it/ is approximately 10/sup 11/ cm/sup -2/-eV/sup -1/ near the middle of the bandgap of silicon. The accumulation capacitance of this dielectric does not show an appreciable frequency dependence for frequencies varying from 10 kHz to 10 MHz. These electrical characteristics and dielectric constant of approximately 17-20 for yttrium oxide on SiO/sub 2//Si make it a variable dielectric for DRAM storage capacitors and for decoupling capacitors for on-chip and off-chip applications. <<ETX>>
A prototype system for 3D measurement using flexible calibration method

We developed a 3D measurement system consists of a camera and a projector which can be calibrated easily at short times. In this system, the camera and the projector are calibrated in advance with Zhang's calibration method. The measurement procedure in this system is as follows. A calibrated camera and a calibrated projector are put in front of the calibration plane. Then the relative pose between the camera and the projector can be computed by projecting a number of light patterns from the projector onto the calibration plane and taking those images with the camera. And this system performs a 3D measurement with the gray code pattern projection. Since this system can be calibrated easily, this system does not need to be fixed exactly and the configuration of this system, which is the baseline and the measurement range, can be changed freely depending on the target and the purpose. This system can obtain a range data in a high accuracy of an error about 0.1% in spite of the fact that this system can be calibrated easily.
Visual Servoing from Deep Neural Networks

We present a deep neural network-based method to perform high-precision, robust and real-time 6 DOF visual servoing. The paper describes how to create a dataset simulating various perturbations (occlusions and lighting conditions) from a single real-world image of the scene. A convolutional neural network is fine-tuned using this dataset to estimate the relative pose between two images of the same scene. The output of the network is then employed in a visual servoing control scheme. The method converges robustly even in difficult real-world settings with strong lighting variations and occlusions.A positioning error of less than one millimeter is obtained in experiments with a 6 DOF robot.
RimM and RbfA Are Essential for Efficient Processing of 16S rRNA in Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT The trmD operon is located at 56.7 min on the genetic map of the Escherichia coli chromosome and contains the genes for ribosomal protein (r-protein) S16, a 21-kDa protein (RimM, formerly called 21K), the tRNA (m1G37)methyltransferase (TrmD), and r-protein L19, in that order. Previously, we have shown that strains from which the rimM gene has been deleted have a sevenfold-reduced growth rate and a reduced translational efficiency. The slow growth and translational deficiency were found to be partly suppressed by mutations in rpsM, which encodes r-protein S13. Further, the RimM protein was shown to have affinity for free ribosomal 30S subunits but not for 30S subunits in the 70S ribosomes. Here we have isolated several new suppressor mutations, most of which seem to be located close to or within the nusA operon at 68.9 min on the chromosome. For at least one of these mutations, increased expression of the ribosome binding factor RbfA is responsible for the suppression of the slow growth and translational deficiency of a ΔrimM mutant. Further, the RimM and RbfA proteins were found to be essential for efficient processing of 16S rRNA.
Fairness-aware dynamic rate control and flow scheduling for network function virtualization

By softwarizing traditional dedicated hardware based functions to virtualized network functions (VNFs) that can run on standard commodity servers, network function virtualization (NFV) technology promises high efficiency, flexibility and scalability. To NFV service providers, one primary concern is to maximize network throughput and reduce service time. To reach this goal, two main challenges should be tackled: 1) how to schedule the unpredictable and burst network flows; 2) how to fairly allocate resources between various flows with different resource requirements. In this paper, we are motivated to investigate a throughput maximization problem with joint consideration of fairness between multiple flows using a discrete time queuing model. By taking advantages of Lyapunov optimization techniques, we propose a low-complexity online distributed algorithm that can achieve arbitrary optimal utility with different fairness levels by tuning the fairness bias. The high efficiency of our proposal is validated by both theoretical analysis and extensive simulation studies.
Neurospora at the millennium.

This is an opportune time to evaluate the contributions of Neurospora to genetics and biology in the recent past and to anticipate what its role might be in the years ahead. The turn of the century marks the 75th anniversary of the first genetic experiments with Neurospora. Although historical accounts of Neurospora genetics usually begin with the 1941 paper of Beadle and Tatum, genetic analysis had in fact been initiated 16 years earlier by B. O. Dodge (see Robbins, 1962). It was Dodge who identified the two mating types and used them to demonstrate Mendelian segregation in individual asci. Dodge quickly recognized the potentialities of the organism for genetic research. His enthusiasm was largely responsible for the adoption of Neurospora by geneticists and for its development as a model organism. Now, 75 years after Dodge’s identification of the first gene, over 1000 loci have been characterized and mapped in the seven linkage groups (Perkins et al., 2000). Within a few years of Beadle and Tatum’s initial work, and in large part because of it, many prokaryotic microbial models emerged in molecular genetics. These include Escherichia coli and Salmonella, together with the T series of virulent bacteriophages and the temperate phages P22, P1, and l. Many of their attributes made them more
Benefits of using multiple first-line therapies against malaria

Despite the availability of many drugs and therapies to treat malaria, many countries' national policies recommend using a single first-line therapy for most clinical malaria cases. To assess whether this is the best strategy for the population as a whole, we designed an evolutionary-epidemiological modeling framework for malaria and compared the benefits of different treatment strategies in the context of resistance evolution. Our results show that the population-wide use of multiple first-line therapies (MFT) against malaria yields a better clinical outcome than using a single therapy or a cycling strategy where therapies are rotated, either on a fixed cycling schedule or when resistance levels or treatment failure become too high. MFT strategies also delay the emergence and slow the fixation of resistant strains (phenotypes), and they allow a larger fraction of the population to be treated without trading off future treatment of cases that may be untreatable because of high resistance levels. Earlier papers have noted that cycling strategies have the disadvantage of creating a less temporally variable environment than MFT strategies, making resistance evolution easier for the parasite. Here, we illustrate a second feature of parasite ecology that impairs the performance of cycling policies, namely, that cycling policies degrade the mean fitness of the parasite population more quickly than MFT policies, making it easier for new resistant types to invade and spread. The clinical benefits of using multiple first-line therapies against malaria suggest that MFT policies should play a key role in malaria elimination and control programs.
Mechanisms of fibrosis: the role of the pericyte

Purpose of reviewUntil recently kidney pericytes were little known. This review will update readers about key new findings concerning pericyte abundance, function in kidney vascular biology and major role in fibrogenesis. Moreover readers will become familiar with the central role of pericyte–endothelial interactions in peritubular capillary health or rarefaction and the pivotal role these may play in renal ischemia. Recent findingsPericytes are stromal cells that partially cover capillary walls. Pericytes were recently identified as collagen-1α1 producing cells in healthy adult kidney. Kinetic mathematical modeling studies indicated they were the source of scar-forming myofibroblasts. Comprehensive fate mapping of kidney stroma confirmed that pericytes and perivascular fibroblasts, not epithelium, were the major source of myofibroblasts. Blockade of pericyte–endothelial cross-talk in response to renal injury prevents both microvascular rarefaction and interstitial fibrosis. The detachment of pericytes from endothelium under pathological conditions and differentiation into myofibroblasts leads to pericyte deficiency at the microvascular interstitial interface, resulting in unstable microvasculature and thence vessel rarefaction, ultimately leading to nephron ischemia. To develop new therapeutic strategies, a better understanding of not only pericyte detachment and migration from capillaries, but also pericyte–endothelial crosstalk in health and injury is required. SummaryThis review summarizes the functional role of pericytes during fibrosis, focusing on myofibroblast origins and pericyte–endothelial cross-talk.
Blocking blue light during mania – markedly increased regularity of sleep and rapid improvement of symptoms: a case report

Available pharmacological treatment of mania is insufficient. Virtual darkness therapy (blue light‐blocking treatment by means of orange‐tinted glasses) is a promising new treatment option for mania. The basis for this might be the recently identified blue light‐sensitive retinal photoreceptor, which is solely responsible for light stimulus to the circadian master clock. This is the first case report describing the clinical course of a closely monitored, hospitalized patient in a manic episode first receiving clear‐lensed, and then blue light‐blocking glasses.
Characteristic of monocular microscope vision and its application on assembly of micro-pipe and micro-sphere

The characteristics of the microscope vision system are investigated based on its working principle. The microscope vision belongs to planar vision with small view field and very small view depth. Its sensitive freedoms of degree are three, including two translation motions and one rotation motion. Based on these facts, a new measuring model adopting Jacobean matrix is presented for the microscope vision system, and an active calibration method is developed. As the typical application of the microscope vision, an assembly system to assemble a micro-pipe and a micro-sphere is designed. A two stages assembly strategy is proposed. In the first stage, the operation platform, the camera's adjusting platform and the manipulator are manually controlled to make the micro-sphere and the micro-pipe in the view field. In the second stage, the camera's adjusting platform and the manipulator are automatically adjusted to obtain the clear image of the hole and the tip of the micro-pipe. Then the manipulator is controlled to align the tip to the hole and insert the tip into the hole according to their relative positions. The micro-pipe with 10 μm diameter was successfully inserted into the hole of 12 μm diameter on the micro-sphere, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Incidence and nature of peritoneal catheter biofilm determined by electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy

SUMMARY Thirty-two Tenckhoff catheters retrieved from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with a history of peritonitis were examined for microbial biofilm. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was successfully employed to visualize bacteria in biofilm occluded from view by scanning electron microscopy. Occluded but viable microbial biofilm was associated with 17 (81%) catheters from patients free from infection following renal transplant. Mixed isolate biofilm with two or more isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci or Staphylococcus aureus was found on 41% of these catheters. Clearly visible viable biofilm consisting exclusively of Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurred on all four catheters removed due to recurrent peritonitis. Five (71%) catheters retrieved from patients transferred to haemodialysis had viable biofilm. Antibiotic sensitivities of the biofilm isolates were similar in profile to those reported for non-biofilm isolates from infected dialysate. Persistence of catheter biofilm despite direct contact with therapeutic levels of antibiotics in peritoneal dialysate requires that attention be directed towards improving antibiotic efficacy against peritonitis-causing bacteria in biofilm form.
La notación prosódica del español: una revisión del Sp-ToBI

El principal objetivo de este articulo es presentar una nueva propuesta de etiquetaje prosodico del espanol mediante el modelo metrico-autosegmental de analisis entonativo, Sp_ToBI (Spanish ToBI). Para esta version de Sp_ToBI nos hemos basado en 1) trabajos tradicionales sobre la entonacion del espanol, 2) una revision de articulos anteriores sobre el Sp_ToBI y 3) un analisis sistematico de las variedades de espanol peninsular de Madrid y Sevilla y de la variedad de Ciudad de Mexico. Las unidades fonologicas que constituyen esta version del Sp_ToBI son las siguientes. El sistema cuenta con dos acentos tonales monotonales (L* y H*) y cuatro acentos tonales bitonales (L*+H, L+H*, L+>H* y H+L*). Los tonos altos H pueden presentar escalonamiento ascendente o descendente. En cuanto a tonos de frontera destacamos tres tonos monotonales (L%, H%, M%), tres tonos bitonales (LH%, HL% y HH%) y un tono tritonal (LHL%). En linea con estudios anteriores descartamos la presencia de tonos de frase. Las novedades de esta propuesta en relacion con la primera version del Sp_ToBI son basicamente tres: 1) la presencia de L* como acento tonal, 2) el triple contraste de acentos tonales ascendentes (L*+H, L+H* y L+>H*) y 3) la existencia de tonos de frontera bitonales y tritonales.
Design and implement of high fan-in logic in high-speed circuit

Two new high fan-in logics, grouped domino logic and complementary boost logic (CBL), are proposed to overcome the problem of circuit speed and noise immunity. Grouped domino logic not only speeds up the circuit, but also simplifies the design of keeper. CBL develops from source following evaluation gate (SFEG), invite complementary boost logic to speed up the circuit. In 0.13 um technology, we compare the grouped domino logic and CBL with traditional domino logic, result shows that the parameter of grouped domino logic is better than traditional domino logic, and for CBL, the unity noise gain (UNG) of CBL is about 90% of traditional domino logic whose keeper ratio is 1, but the speed of CBL is 3 times faster than domino logic.
Selective regulation of intrinsic membrane proteins in HepG2

Expression of three hepatocellular membrane proteins—the asialoglycoprotein receptor (hepatic binding protein) the insulin receptor and organic anion binding protein—have been studied in the HepG2 cell line. HepG2 grown in minimal essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum maximally expressed hepatic binding protein and insulin receptor only at confluence while organic anion binding protein appeared independent of the state of cellular proliferation. When cells were grown in medium supplemented with dialyzed fetal bovine serum, adult bovine serum or in chemically defined medium, expression of hepatic binding protein and insulin receptor but not organic anion binding protein was reduced by 60 to 80%. Immunoblotting techniques revealed that cells grown in dialyzed fetal bovine serum contained virtually no mature, glycosylated 45 kD hepatic binding protein, but a small amount of 36 kD protein. Metabolic labeling of cells grown in dialyzed fetal bovine serum with [35S] methionine indicated reduced synthesis of the 45 kD hepatic binding protein and the absence of the 36 kD protein. Restoration of normal expression of hepatic binding protein and insulin receptor was achieved by addition to dialyzed fetal bovine serum of: fetal bovine serum; 2,000 dalton ultrafiltrate of fetal bovine serum, or 300 to 350 dalton fraction of the ultrafiltrate. The normal concentration of organic anion binding protein demonstrable in cells grown in dialyzed fetal bovine serum indicates that the low molecular weight factor(s) is not a generalized modulator of plasma membrane biogenesis. However, its effect on the steady‐state level of the hepatic binding protein and insulin receptor, characteristic of mature hepatocytes, suggests a role for this fetal serum factor in hepatocellular differentiation.
Unbiased Sampling of Social Media Networks for Well-connected Subgraphs

Sampling social graphs is critical for studying things like information diffusion. However, it is often necessary to laboriously obtain unbiased and well-connected datasets because existing survey algorithms are unable to generate well-connected samples, and current random-walk based unbiased sampling algorithms adopt rejection sampling, which heavily undermines performance. This paper proposes a novel random-walk based algorithm which implements Unbiased Sampling using Dummy Edges (USDE). It injects dummy edges between nodes, on which the walkers would otherwise experience excessive rejections before moving out from such nodes. We propose a rejection probability estimation algorithm to facilitate the construction of dummy edges and the computation of moving probabilities. Finally, we apply USDE in two real-life social media: Twitter and Sina Weibo. The results demonstrate that USDE generates well-connected samples, and outperforms existing approaches in terms of sampling efficiency and quality of samples.
Numerical Techniques for the Shallow Water Equations �

In this report we will discuss some numerical techniques for approximating the Shallow Water equations. In particular we will discuss finite difference schemes, adaptations of Roe’s approximate Riemann solver and the Q-Schemes of Bermudez & Vazquez with the objective of accurately approximating the solution of the Shallow Water equations. We consider four different test problems for the Shallow Water equations with each test problem making the source term more significant, i.e. the variation of the Riverbed becomes more pronounced, so that the different approaches discussed in this report can be rigorously tested. A comparison of the different approaches discussed in this report will also be made so that we may determine which approach produced the most accurate numerical results overall. The work contained in this report has been carried out as part of the Oxford / Reading Institute for Computational Fluid Dynamics and was funded by the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council and HR Wallingford under a CASE award.
Prognosis and Early Diagnosis of Ductal and Lobular Type in Breast Cancer Patient

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers with a high mortality rate among women. Prognosis and early diagnosis of breast cancer among women society reduce considerable rate of their mortality. Nowadays, due to this illness, try to be setting up intelligent systems, which can predict and early diagnose this cancer, and reduce mortality of women society. Methods: Overall, 208 samples were collected from 2014 to 2015 from two oncologist offices and Javadalaemeh Clinic in Kerman, southeastern Iran. Data source was medical records of patients, then 64 data mining models in MATLAB and WEKA software were used, eventually these measured precision and accuracy of data mining models. Results: Among 64 data mining models, Bayes-Net model had 95.67% of accuracy and 95.70% of precision; therefore, was introduced as the best model for prognosis and diagnosis of breast cancer. Conclusion: Intelligent and reliable data mining models are proposed. Hence, these models are recommended as a useful tool for breast cancer prediction as well as medical decision-making.
Wood Variety Recognition on Mobile Devices

The traditional method of identifying wood species involves manual browsing through digital wooden veneer catalogues and making a subjective judgement. This is labour intensive, and concentration problems can lead to errors. Additionally, gradual changes and changing shades due to variable light conditions are difficult for humans to detect. As an alternative, we aimed to develop an application to identify wood species using a smartphone camera, which returns the resulting species name and a corresponding high quality database wood specimen image. This computer-aided wood identification system retrieves a wood template from a digital wood database, selecting that which most closely resembles the query sample.
Turkish population data on the factor XIII Val34Leu,glycoprotein (GP)Ibα Kozak and P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL‐1) loci

We determined the allele and genotype frequencies of three PCR‐based gene polymorphisms factor XIII (FXIII) Val34Leu, glycoprotein (GP) Ibα Kozak and P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL‐1) in the Turkish population (n=126 for FXIII Val34Leu, n=110 for GPIbα Kozak and n=203 for PSGL‐1). To detect these polymorphisms, DNA was extracted from venous blood. Genomic DNA samples were replicated and analysed by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. PCR products were digested by restriction endonuclease enzymes for FXIII Val34Leu and GPIbα Kozak. PSGL‐1 was analysed by variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR). Allele frequencies of V (Val) and L (Leu) were found to be 0.805 and 0.195 respectively for the FXIII Val34Leu polymorphism. No significant difference was observed between French and Turkish populations for FXIII Val34Leu. Allele frequencies of T and C were calculated to be 0.873 and 0.127 for the GPIbα Kozak polymorphism and no significant difference was found between Turkish and French populations. In contrast, the difference between Turkish and Japanese populations was statistically significant ‐p<0.0001. ‐ In the PSGL‐1 group, allele frequencies of A, B and C were calculated as 0.818, 0.160, 0.022 respectively. For the PSGL‐1, although the difference between Turkish and French populations was not significant, the difference between the Turkish and Japanese was extremely significant (p<0.0001). In conclusion, a Turkish population database has been established for three gene polymorphisms. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Capacitive pressure microsensor fabricated by bulk micromachining and sacrificial layer etching

A new capacitive silicon pressure sensor fabricated by a combination of bulk and surface micromachining is presented. The sensor is composed of a polysilicon membrane that deflects due to the pressure difference applied over it. Its main advantages are a simple fabrication process and an efficient integrability with other devices. The behaviour of the sensor, obtained by mathematical modeling of the membrane deflection is presented, along with the numerical simulations that provide the characteristic curves. From these results, a study on how geometry affects sensor performance is deduced. Results obtained are in good agreement with previous similar devices