Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elucidating the Role of Alternative RNA Export Promoting Signal Sequence Coding Regions in Potentiating Translation

In vertebrates, a sub-population of mRNAs encoding secreted, membrane-bound and mitochondrial proteins contain nucleotide elements that promote the alternative mRNA nuclear export (ALREX) of microinjected mRNAs. This RNA element is present within the signal sequence coding region (SSCR) or mitochondria targeting sequence coding region (MSCR) and located at the 5'end of the mRNA just after the start codon. It is typically depleted of adenines and present in genes that lack introns in their 5'UTRs. I demonstrated that ALREX-promoting elements can potentiate translation in the presence of nuclear factors such as Nup358/RanBP2. To determine which domains of RanBP2 are required to enhance translation, I expressed mutant and/or truncated versions of RanBP2 in cells depleted of the endogenous protein and tested the translation of various reporters. I found that the entire C-terminal portion of RanBP2, including its E3 sumo ligase domain, is not required to enhance translation. In contrast, an N-terminal region, which includes eight zinc fingers and a tetratricopeptide repeat region that can bind to ALREXpromoting SSCRs, is required. Incorporating point mutations in the N-terminal domain of RanBP2, which disrupt its ability to bind SSCR RNAs in vitro, also impaired RanBP2’s ability to enhance the translation of a reporter mRNA in vivo. Furthermore, N-terminal
HUBUNGAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL MAHASISWA DENGAN DOSEN DAN ANTAR MAHASISWA DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR

ABSTRAK Prasetyo Catur Utomo. 2016. Hubungan Komunikasi Interpersonal Mahasiswa Dengan Dosen Dan Antar Mahasiswa Terhadap Motivasi Belajar. TESIS. Pembimbing I : dr. Ari Natalia Probandari, MPH, PhD, II: Dr. Nunuk Suryani, MPd. Magister Kedokteran Keluarga, Prodi Pendidikan Profesi Kesehatan, Pascasarjana Universitas Sebelas Maret. Latar Belakang: Komunikasi interpersonal baik mahasiswa dengan dosen ataupun antar mahasiswa diduga merupakan sebuah faktor yang akan turut berperan terhadap peningkatan motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur hubungan antara komunikasi interpersonal mahasiswa dengan dosen dan antar mahasiswa terhadap motivasi belajar di Jurusan Ortotik Prostetik Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta. Subjek dan Metode: Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cros sectional. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa Jurusan Ortotik Prostetik Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta, yang berjumlah 234 mahasiswa. Sampel adalah 150 mahasiswa. Teknik pemilihan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner komunikasi interpersonal dan kuesioner motivasi belajar. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi liner berganda. Hasil: terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan secara statistik antara komunikasi interpersonal mahasiswa dengan dosen dan antar mahasiswa terhadap motivasi belajar (r = 0,510). Besarnya pengaruh komunikasi interpersonal mahasiswa dengan dosen dan antar mahasiswa terhadap motivasi belajar adalah 26% (r2 = 0,260). Kesimpulan: komunikasi interpersonal mahasiswa dengan dosen dan komunikasi interpersonal antarmahasiswa memiliki hubungan terhadap motivasi belajar. Kata Kunci : Komunikasi Interpersonal, motivasi belajar
Effects of melatonin on adult human mesenchymal stem cells in osteoblastic differentiation. An experimental in vitro study

Aim The purpose of this study was to determine if different melatonin concentrations enhances human adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation into osteoblasts, in comparison with MSCs cultured with dexamethasone (DEX). Material and Methods MSCs were treated with different melatonin concentrations. Specifically: Group I: untreated MSCs; Group II: MSCs exposed to physiological doses of melatonin of 0.01 μM; Group III: MSCs exposed to 50 μM melatonin; Group IV: MSCs exposed to 100 μM melatonin; Group V: MSCs exposed to 150 μM melatonin; Group VI: MSCs exposed to 100 μM of DEX. Cell viability, adhesion, growth, differentiation and activity were evaluated at different time points (3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) using the following assays MTT, SEM, Flowcytometry, ALP activity, Alizarin Red staining and RT-PCR. Results Melatonin stimulated the viability and alizarin red activity of MSCs in a dose-dependent manner. Melatonin 50 μM significantly increased ALP activity, especially after 21 and 28 days of culture. A significant decrease in the expression of membrane markers CD75, CD105 and CD90 was recorded over time, in the presence of melatonin; therefore, the MSCs were early differentiated into osteoblasts regardless of the melatonin concentration. Conclusion These results demonstrated that melatonin directly accelerated the differentiation of human stem cells into osteoblasts and also suggested that melatonin could be applied as a pharmaceutical agent to promote bone regeneration.
A new understanding of luminescence processes in feldspar using novel site-selective spectroscopic techniques

Metastable states in solids are widely used for dosimetry and photonic applications. Feldspar, a ubiquitous naturally occurring aluminosilicate, consists of many defects and impurities; some of these transform into metastable states by capturing electrons or holes, when exposed to ionizing radiation. These metastable states can have lifetimes of millions of years rendering feldspar useful for luminescence geochronology. In this dating technique, the dose-dependent concentration of the metastable states (generated by ionizing radiation) is measured via optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) or infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signals. These signals are generated by charge transfer across the metastable states, followed by electron-hole recombination resulting in the emission of light. Despite many decades of research, the luminescence mechanisms and the associated defect system in feldspar are poorly understood; for example, the defect responsible for the main dosimetric trap (i.e. principal trap) and its physical characteristics are still unknown. This lack of knowledge may largely be attributed to the inherent physical processes involved in OSL and IRSL generation. The OSL/IRSL technique is not ideal for characterizing the principal trap (e.g. optical trap depth, electronic states, number of defects and their concentration, etc.) as it involves both electron and hole sites as well as the charge transport dynamics, making any interpretation of the electron-trapping state ambiguous. Therefore, it is desirable to use site-selective methods that can directly probe the principal trap without involving any hole sites in the
Effects of feeding a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation prototype on performance, carcass characteristics, and liver abscess prevalence of beef heifers at a commercial feedlot

ABSTRACT Animal agriculture continues to look for new, non-antibiotic feed solutions that can be used in conventional and natural feedlot systems to help improve cattle health and performance. Therefore, crossbred heifers (n = 1,495; 359 ± 10.75 kg; 20 pens total) were used in a randomized complete block design study at a commercial feedlot to determine the effects of a proprietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation prototype on performance, carcass characteristics, and liver abscess prevalence when monensin, tylosin, and direct-fed microbials were not included in the diet. Heifers were fed a diet containing (1) monensin, tylosin, and a direct-fed microbials (PC) or (2) a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation prototype (PRT; NaturSafe, Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA) at 18 g/head daily without PC. Diets were fed twice daily with heifers receiving half of the daily dose of treatment in the TMR at each feeding. Pen BW were collected on d 0 and before slaughter. Daily measurements recorded while cattle were in the feedlot included feed intake, morbidity, and mortality. Cattle were shipped to slaughter on d 125 and 146 (5 pens per treatment per day). Carcass data collected included HCW, DP, QG, YG, KPH, rib fat thickness, LM area, marbling score, and liver abscess scores. Data were analyzed with the MIXED procedure (continuous) and GLIMMIX procedure (categorical) of SAS. Treatments were similar (P ≥ 0.16) for final BW (580 vs. 580 kg), ADG (1.64 vs. 1.63 kg/d), G:F (0.159 vs. 0.156 kg/kg), HCW (366 vs. 367 kg), other carcass characteristics, morbidity (0.3 vs. 0.0%), and mortality (0.77 vs. 0.70%). Heifers fed PRT had a numerically lower (P = 0.27) prevalence of liver abscesses with fewer livers having less severe (i.e., A−) abscesses. Replacing monensin, tylosin, and direct-fed microbials in conventional feedlot diets with NaturSafe resulted in similar growth performance, carcass characteristics, and liver abscess prevalence in feedlot cattle.
Local Si-allophane Rich Soil Adsorbent for Phosphate Removal From Synthetic Wastewater: Equilibrium, Kinetic, Thermodynamic and Co-ions Studies

A natural soil rich in allophane was tested as adsorbent for the removal of phosphate ions from aqueous solution. The soil was characterized using particle size distribution, EDS, FTIR, XRD, TGA, and Nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyses. The effects of contact time, pH, initial concentration, adsorbent dose, and temperature and co-ions on adsorption were performed. The soil is Si-allophane rich as Al:Si is 1.03. It has a BET surface area of 41.7112 m²/g, total pore volume of 0.101018 cm³/g and average pore width of 96.8741 A with over 80% particles having sizes <100µm. Nearly 100% of the phosphate was removed in 5 minutes. There is a strong linear relationship between amount adsorbed and initial concentration due to the ability of the adsorbent to generate more adsorption sites with increase loading. About 1000 mg/g was adsorbed for 0.05 g of adsorbent. This high affinity is illustrated by Langmuir equilibrium constant (b) value of 2000 L/mg, the Jovanovic constant (𝐾𝐽) of 0.002 and the ∆S° value of + 0.048 KJ/mol K. chloride and sulphate ions inhibits phosphate removal, but bicarbonate ions enhance phosphate removal. The phosphate removal is also enhanced with the simultaneous presence of cations and anions at low and elevated concentrations. The tested Si-rich allophane soil, which is cheap, locally available and needing no treatment is very effective in removing phosphate ions from wastewater.
Discovery of Plant Extracts That Delay Yeast Chronological Aging through Different Signaling Pathways

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a beneficial organism for the discovery of genes, signaling pathways and chemical compounds that slow cellular and organismal aging in eukaryotes across phyla. As a first step towards uncovering novel aging-delaying chemical compounds, I conducted a screen of a library of plant extracts for those that can extend yeast chronological lifespan. My screen revealed six plant extracts that increase yeast chronological lifespan considerably more efficiently than any of the longevity-extending chemical compounds yet described. I show that each of the six plant extracts is a geroprotector which delays the onset and decreases the rate of yeast chronological aging by eliciting a hormetic stress response. Because the rate of aging in yeast is controlled by a network of integrated signaling pathways and protein kinases, I assessed how single-gene-deletion mutations eliminating each of these pathways and kinases affect the aging-delaying efficiencies of the six plant extracts. My findings imply that these extracts slow aging in the following ways: 1) plant extract 4 decreases the efficiency with which the pro-aging TORC1 pathway inhibits the anti-aging SNF1 pathway; 2) plant extract 5 mitigates two different branches of the pro-aging PKA pathway; 3) plant extract 6 coordinates processes that are not assimilated into the network of presently known signaling pathways/protein kinases; 4) plant extract 8 diminishes the inhibitory action of PKA on SNF1; 5) plant extract 12 intensifies the anti-aging protein kinase Rim15; and 6) plant extract 21 inhibits a form of the pro-aging protein kinase Sch9 that is activated by the pro-aging PKH1/2 pathway.
ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF CARDIOSPERMUM HALICACABUM LINN. LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA CELL LINE (Hep-G2)

Cancer is most dangerous diseases in the world. The objective of the research is to explore the phyto-constituents present in the aqueous, chloroform and methanol extracts of C. halicacabum leaves. To investigate the anti-cancer potential of the all three leaf extracts of C. halicacabum against Hep-G2 cell line. To identify the apoptotic effect of leaf extracts against Hep-G2 cell line by propidium iodide staining method. GC-MS study of the leaf extract having higher activity.
New species of the genus , Protaetia Burmeister, 1842 from Iraq (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae :Cetoniinae)

The new species Protaetia kurdistanica sp. nov. are described and illustrated from Iraq.The differences between the species and closely related species is discussed. Diagnostic characters of the new species is figured. The materials examined are deposited in the Museum of plant protection department. College of Agriculture ,Salahaddin University –Erbil-Iraq.
Bioactive compounds and chemical composition of Brazilian Cerrado fruits’ wastes: pequi almonds, murici, and sweet passionfruit seeds

Cerrado is a vegetation known as the Brazilian savanna. Ot has great relevance in the Brazilian scenario, constituting the second largest vegetation of the country, occupying around 22% of the national territory (Carrazza & Ávila, 2010; Ratter et al., 1997). Ot is a rich and globally distinguished biome due to its extension, ecological diversity, carbon reserves, and hydrological role in the South-American continent, besides its social-cultural diversity (Carrazza & Ávila, 2010). The fruit species found in this vegetation have great agricultural and technological potential, and are endowed with high nutritional value, besides having very singular characteristics, such as the attributes of color, flavor, and aroma (Almeida, 1998; Almeida & Silva, 1994; Souza et al., 2012).
Observations on Reproductive Performance of Indian Mouse Deer ( Moschiola indica ) in Captivity

The study reports some observations on reproductive biology of mouse deer ( Moschiola indica ) maintained under the conservation breeding programme at the Nehru Zoological Park, Hyderabad. The conservation breeding programme was initiated with 6 individuals that bred in captivity reaching a total of 36 individuals within a three-year period. A total of 50 oestrus episodes were recorded from 11 females that resulted in 31 births. Females first gave birth at age of 304 days (mean = 318.6 ± 15.3 days, n = 5) and had an average gestation period of 154.1 ± 3.7 days. Females showed post-partum oestrus within 6 h of fawning, which resulted in successful mating. The present observations would help in enhancing knowledge on biology and behaviour of the species that can form the basis for its effective management.
INTRODUCTION TO BAYESIAN QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS ANALYSIS FOR POLYPLOIDS

Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) mapping in polyploids is complicated by the unobservable parental QTL configuration, especially the number of copies (dosage) of the QTL. Existing techniques estimate the parental QTL configuration using a profile likelihood approach and do not address the uncertainty in the estimates. In this paper, a Bayesian method is proposed to jointly model the parameters including the parental QTL configuration, QTL location, and QTL effects. Inference for parameters is obtained by integrating the posterior distribution of the parameters via a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampler, which is a hybrid of the Metropolis-Hastings, Gibbs, and reversible jump samplers. Here, because the size of the parameter space varies for different parental QTL dosages, the reversible jump is utilized in order to allow the sampler to move between parameter spaces with different dimensionalities. Additional advantage of this Bayesian technique resides in its flexibility to incorporate prior information and treat missing data augmented. As an example, our method is applied to alfalfa experimental data to identify QTL related to winter hardiness.
Identification of six BAC clones containing the bovine CSN1S1 and CSN3 genes: construction of the contig spanning the casein gene cluster

1 Laboratory of Molecular Genome Organization, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Moskovskoye sh. 55A, St. Petersburg-Pushkin 196601, Russia 2 Department of Molecular Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Wólka Kosowska, Poland 3 Department of Animal Genetics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Michała Oczapowskiego 5, Poland
TRACING THE SEED: SEED DIFFUSION OF IMPROVED POTATO VARIETIES THROUGH FARMERS’ NETWORKS IN CHENCHA, ETHIOPIA

SUMMARY There are many prerequisites for potato production to meet its full potential as a food security crop for subsistence farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa. One of these is the introduction of improved varieties. Traditionally, the introduction of new varieties is by government agencies or Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). To understand the diffusion of seed tubers (seeds) of new potato varieties in farmer networks, we analysed social factors influencing the sharing of seed of improved potato varieties amongst farmers in Chencha, Ethiopia. We interviewed 166 farmers and analysed 146 seed transactions. We used seed flow mapping to visualize seed sharing amongst farmers. We found that the social networks of farmers are differentiated by wealth, gender and religion, and that this differentiation affects the dispersion of new varieties through the farming communities: Wealthier farmers shared seed tubers most frequently and poor farmers did not share seed at all. Seed sharing was influenced by, but not restricted to, gender and religion categories. Most sharing was with relatives (as gifts) and neighbours (in exchange for labour). There weas no equal access to seed for all households because of (i) the targeting of the better off farmers by the NGO (ii) differences in frequency of sharing and (iii) terms and motivation of the transactions. Our results show that wealthy farmers most effectively multiply and share the seed of new varieties with medium wealthy and poor farmers. This study shows that for the introduction of new technologies into a community, its dynamics of social differentiation need to be understood.
Biogeography of the Gondwanan tree fern family Dicksoniaceae—A tale of vicariance, dispersal and extinction

Are the disjunct distributions of ancient lineages on continents in the Southern Hemisphere determined by vicariance following the Gondwanan tectonic breakup or recent long‐distance dispersal? We traced the historical biogeography of the tree fern family Dicksoniaceae (145 Ma), which has a typical Gondwanan distribution, to test for vicariance or recent long‐distance dispersal.
Creating Competition & Mastering Markets' New Entrants, Monopolists, and Regulators in Transforming Public Utilities Across the Atlantic

This paper is on the transformation of network industries or public utilities in Western Europe and the United States (US). A network industry provides a public or basic service by operating a large infrastructure system whose main characteristics are strongly increasing returns to scale, high levels of capital intensity, deployment of long-lasting industrial assets, and of vital importance to the economy (e.g. telecommunication, energy, transportation systems, water distribution, postal services, broadcasting). The objective of this paper is to look at the transformation of utility markets and to investigate whether the (re-)engineering of utility markets has effectively produced new industrial structures and has generated alternative outcomes. And secondly, whether this deliberate process to stir up the competitive dynamic is thwarted by the combination of industrial predation (e.g. legacy systems and installed customer base) and incumbency power (market leadership, closeness to government, cross-subsidisation, information monopoly) favouring only modest and gradual change or by emergent and unexpected radical forces that have surprised both the omniscient market makers and those favouring the status quo. Introducing deregulation and liberalisation and engineering market dynamics in a utility world that is still characterised by partial competition and a persistent quasi-monopoly, is no easy matter. The process of de-monopolisation can be seen as the result of ongoing strategic and tactical interactions among incumbent operators and insurgent market players, tough bargaining between those firms and supervisory regulators, and difficult negotiations at the federal level of Washington and Brussels between the state administrations, their regulators and the transnational institutions. In order to create some form of dynamic rivalry in those "monopolistic" network-based industries, the emergence of new entry/exit and competition needs to be nourished and closely monitored and supervised: the emergence and persistence of competition needs to be engineered. The concept of engineering competition is somewhat ambiguous, since we should be both aware of the shortcomings of designing and managing markets and the limitations on and problems with self-organisation in regulation. Competition is a spontaneous process and is in the domain of human action, while "regulation" is a product of human design and contains instruments and toolboxes to intervene in a dynamic environment, and those two should not be mixed. Hence, despite the popularity of the term engineering competition, "engineering regulation", with a clear and intentional focus on devising an appropriate framework facilitating competition, is probably a better term.
Non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) research in South America: subsidizing biogeographic hypotheses

We present data on Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) collected in South America together with results on the mitochondrial DNA diversity within selected megadiverse genera. This work is part of an on-going project on the ancient origin of South American biodiversity using non-biting midges. Collections were made at 42 localities, in March 2014 and February 2015, in a diverse array of habitats, including small streams, rivers, ponds, lakes and bays. In total, 3196 representatives of six subfamilies were collected. Sixty-one genera were identified, containing at least 211 species. The subfamilies Chironominae and Orthocladiinae predominated in all samples. Tanypodinae were often present, but rarely in large numbers. Except for Podonomus pepinellii , reported from Brazil, Podonominae were collected in a few localities in Argentina (Arroyo Lopez, and Arroyo Gutierrez and Gutierrez Lake) and Chile (Llanquihue Lake). Prodiamesinae were only recorded in Chile. Analysis of DNA barcode sequences using neighbor-joining estimation supported 66 species within the selected genera. The chironomid fauna of South America includes multiple genera with worldwide distributions, with Australian, Nearctic and Neotropical components.