Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFICACY OF HOUSEHOLD CLEANING AGENTS AGAINST SOME SELECTED PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

The emergence and spread of microorganisms with reduced susceptibility to antimicrobial agents is a major public health problem. This study evaluated the antibacterial effect of household cleaning agents on selected bacterial isolates. Standard culture-based procedure was used to determine the efficacy of disinfectants on selected bacteria isolates. The activity assessed was against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ariel was found to have more bactericidal effect on Streptococcus pyogene s being sensitive and Staphylococcus aureus . Dettol exhibited antibacterial effect against all tested isolates with zones of inhibition for Streptococcus pyogenes (24±0.12mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (9±0.01mm). Harpic revealed antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other tested isolates with average zones of inhibition of 20±0.20mm. Jik was active against Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli while Omo showed good inhibitory effect against all tested isolates except Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Based on the present study, the levels of decreased susceptibility to household cleaning agents seem to be increasing, regardless of whether these products used in the home or not. The eventual clinical implications of this decreased susceptibility need continue surveillance. Key words: Antibacteria, Commensal flora, Disease, Disinfectant, Hygiene, Public health French Abstract L'emergence et la propagation des micro-organismes d'une sensibilite reduite aux agents antimicrobiens est un probleme majeur a la sante publique. Cette recherche a evalue l'effet antibacterien des agents d'entretien menager sur isolats bacteriens selectionnes. Procedure fondee de culture Standard a ete employe pour determiner l'efficacite des desinfectants sur des isolats bacteriens selectionnes. L'activite evaluee etait contre Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia col i et Pseudomonas aeruginosa. L’Ariel a ete trouve d'avoir plus effet bactericide sur Streptococcus pyogenes etant sensible et Staphylococcus aureu s. Le dettol a expose l'effet antibacterien contre tous les isolats testes avec des zones d'inhibition pour Streptococcus pyogenes (24±0,12mm) et Staphylococcus aureus (9±0,01mm). Harpic a revele l'activite antibacterienne contre Pseudomonas aeruginosa et les autres isolats testes avec des zones moyennes d'inhibition de 20±0,20mm. Jik a ete actif contre Klebsiella pneumonia et Escherichia coli tandis que l’Omo a montre un bon effet inhibiteur contre tous les isolats testes sauf Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Fondee sur la recherche de ce moment, les niveaux de la diminution de la sensibilite aux agents d'entretien menager paraissent etre de plus en plus independamment du fait que ces produits sont utilises a la maison. Finalement, les implications cliniques finales de cette diminution de la sensibilite ont besoin d'une surveillance continuelle. Mots - cles: Antibacterien, Flore commensal, Maladie, Desinfectants Hygiene, Sante publique.
Selection of biological agents from composts for control of damping-off of cucumber caused by Pythium ultimum

The microflora of three composts were studied to isolate and test microorganisms for biological control of Pythium ultimum on greenhouse-grown cucumber. A more diverse bacterial population was observed in compost from paper mill sludge (170 groups) than in composts from plant waste and from manure (75 and 88 groups, respectively). In compost from paper mill sludge, 12 fungal species were isolated, compared with 22 and 26 in composts from plant waste and from manure, respectively. Selected bacterial and fungal isolates were evaluated in assays on agar plates against P. ultimum. A total of 10 bacterial isolates and 4 fungal isolates significantly (P ≤ 0.0001) reduced P. ultimum growth rate. These isolates were evaluated in the greenhouse for control of damping-off of cucumber. Disease incidence and severity and foliage and root masses were measured 3 weeks after soil inoculation with the microbial agents and P. ultimum. Under greenhouse conditions, Zygorrhinchus moelleri and Bacillus marinus were the most effective microorganisms against damping-off, followed by Penicillium thomii, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Graphium putredinis. These isolates were tested in a second greenhouse trial and the best control was achieved with Z. moelleri and Penicillium thomii.
Sound absorption by perforated walls along boundaries

ABSTRACT We analyze the Helmholtz equation in a complex domain. A sound absorbing structure at a part of the boundary is modeled by a periodic geometry with periodicity . A resonator volume of thickness ε is connected with thin channels (opening ) with the main part of the macroscopic domain. For this problem with three different scales we analyze solutions in the limit and find that the effective system can describe sound absorption.
Height Estimation From Single Aerial Images Using a Deep Ordinal Regression Network

Understanding the 3-D geometric structure of the Earth’s surface has been an active research topic in photogrammetry and remote sensing community for decades, serving as an essential building block for various applications such as 3-D digital city modeling, change detection, and city management. Previous research studies have extensively studied the problem of height estimation from aerial images based on stereo or multiview image matching. These methods require two or more images from different perspectives to reconstruct 3-D coordinates with camera information provided. In this letter, we deal with the ambiguous and unsolved problem of height estimation from a single aerial image. Driven by the great success of deep learning, especially deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), some research studies have proposed to estimate height information from a single aerial image by training a deep CNN model with large-scale annotated data sets. These methods treat height estimation as a regression problem and directly use an encoder–decoder network to regress the height values. In this letter, we propose to divide height values into spacing-increasing intervals and transform the regression problem into an ordinal regression problem, using an ordinal loss for network training. To enable multiscale feature extraction, we further incorporate an Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) module to extract features from multiple dilated convolution layers. After that, a postprocessing technique is designed to transform the predicted height map of each patch into a seamless height map. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments on International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) Vaihingen and Potsdam data sets. Experimental results demonstrate significantly better performance of our method compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Manipulation of the fatty acid composition of pig meat lipids by dietary means

Pigmeat products have been associated with an unhealthy image due to the relative proportions of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids. The aim of this experiment was to improve the fatty acid profile of the carcass fat by feeding various dietary sources of fat. Groups of 10 female Large While × Landrace pigs were fed one of four experimental diets. Five in each group were slaughtered at 70 kg live weight and the remaining five at 100 kg live weight. The diets were offered ad libitum and daily intake was recorded. The diets were based on barley, soya bean meal and fishmeal. Diet 1 contained 50 g tallow kg−1, a relatively saturated fat, and diets 2, 3 and 4 contained 50 g soya oil kg−1, an unsaturated fat. Diet 3 also contained 7.5 g GLA oil kg−1, which is rich in gamma linolenic acid, with the aim of increasing the production of arachidonic acid in the body fat. Diet 4 was supplemented with 9.5 g EPAnoil kg−1, which is rich in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. There were no significant differences between dietary treatments in performance (daily liveweight gain or the efficiency of food conversion to liveweight gain) of the pigs slaughtered at 70 kg live weight, but small differences were observed at 100 kg live weight, where pigs on treatments 2, 3 and 4 performed slightly better than those on treatment 1. At both slaughter weights the lipid content of the m semitendinosus was higher than that of the m longissimus dorsi (approximately 24 and 13 g kg−1, respectively). The pattern of fatty acids in the dietary fat was reflected to varying degrees in the carcass fat. Diet 1 resulted in the highest levels of palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic and oleic acids whereas diets 2, 3 and 4 gave high levels of linoleic and linolenic acids. The extra gamma linolenic acid in diet 3 did not result in a consistently significant increase in the production of arachidonic acid. The supplement of EPAnoil gave significant increases in the levels of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in the body lipids. The polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio of the body lipid was increased with diets 2, 3 and 4 to about 1.0. In spite of high levels of linoleic acid, there were no adverse effects during the processing of the carcasses and the taste panel evaluation did not reveal any treatment differences.
Aboriginal and treaty rights and Aboriginal participation: Essential elements of sustainable forest management

Governmental "criteria and indicators for sustainable forand respect for the rights of est management," both in Canada and internationally, and priindigenous people, their comvate sector certification systems are recognizing Aboriginal munities, and other communities, or Indigenous issues as essential elements of sustainable forand forest dwellers. Appropriate est management. Why? Are these not political, social and ecoconditions should bepromoted nomic issues? What do they have to do with sustainable forfor these groups for them to est management? have an economic stake in forest use, to perform economic Why are Aboriginal issues considered an activities, and achieve and mainintegral part of sustainable forest tain cultural identity and social
Do Budget Institutions Matter?: Fiscal Consolidation in the New EU Member States

This paper studies the influence that the recently reformed budgetary institutions in the new EU member states may have had on their public finances. We test if their newly formed institutions have already started to shape their fiscal outcomes, as EU-15 institutions did in the past. To answer this question, this paper develops new institutional indices and performs an empirical analysis on the sample of new EU member states—those that joined in 2004 and 2007—for the period 1993-2004. The results confirm that budgetary institutions have a similar influence in the new member states as they had in the EU-15. The role of a strong finance minister is even more important than previous studies suggest.
Tolerance of cotton expressing a 2,4-D detoxification gene to 2,4-D applied in the field

The tolerance to 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) of a genetically modified (transgenic) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) expressing a 2,4-D detoxification gene was compared with conventional (non-transgenic) cotton over 2 seasons. The 2,4-D was applied over-the-top of cotton in the field at 7–17 nodes of crop growth at rates of 0.004–1.12 kg a.i./ha. The transgenic cotton displayed better tolerance to 2,4-D than conventional cotton at all growth stages and herbicide rates. Some damage was apparent on both types of cotton at 2,4-D rates of 0.07 kg/ha and above, with damage most pronounced when the plants were exposed at 7 nodes. The transgenic cotton also had some tolerance to MCPA. Commercial use of transgenic, 2,4-D-tolerant cotton has the potential to greatly reduce problems of 2,4-D damage in cotton from accidental spray drift and herbicide residues in spraying equipment, where plants are predominantly exposed to low rates of 2,4-D.
Geographical range size heritability: what do neutral models with different modes of speciation predict?

Aim Phylogenetic conservatism or heritability of the geographical range sizes of species (i.e. the tendency for closely related species to share similar range sizes) has been predicted to occur because of the strong phylogenetic conservatism of niche traits. However, the extent of such heritability in range size is disputed and the role of biology in shaping this attribute remains unclear. Here, we investigate the level of heritability of geographical range sizes that is generated from neutral models assuming no biological differences between species. Methods We used three different neutral models, which differ in their speciation mode, to simulate the life-history of 250,000 individuals in a square lattice of 50 × 50 cells. These individuals can speciate, reproduce, migrate and die in the metacommunity according to stochastic events. We ran each model for 3000 steps and recorded the range size of each species at each step. The heritability of geographical range size was assessed using an asymmetry coefficient between range sizes of sister species and using the coefficient of correlation between the range sizes of ancestors and their descendants. Results Our results demonstrated the ability of neutral models to mimic some important observed patterns in the heritability of geographical range size. Consistently, sister species exhibited higher asymmetry in range sizes than expected by chance, and correlations between the range sizes of ancestor–descendant species pairs, although often weak, were almost invariably positive. Main conclusions Our findings suggest that, even without any biological trait differences, statistically significant heritability in the geographical range sizes of species can be found. This heritability is weaker than that observed in some empirical studies, but suggests that even here a substantial component of heritability may not necessarily be associated with niche conservatism. We also conclude that both present-day and fossil data sets may provide similar information on the heritability of the geographical range sizes of species, while the omission of rare species will tend to overestimate this heritability.
The Effects of Therapeutic Horseback Riding on Equilibrium for Children with Disabilities

This study was performed on 26 disabled adolescent participants (16 male, 10 female) with the objective of testing changes in equilibrium after engagement in horseback riding. Participants of total 26 persons were divided into three groups as follows: 6 children with Cerebral Palsy (CP), 14 children with Intellectual Disability (ID) and 6 children with Autism (AT). Participants engaged in therapeutic horseback riding (TR) two times per week for 30 minutes per session. The 26 participants demonstrated a considerable increase in equilibrium ability, with an average increase in equilibrium time of sec after TR. Equilibrium also increased according to disability group: CP (P
Choanoflagellates, choanocytes, and animal multicellularity

Abstract. It is widely accepted that multicellular animals (metazoans) constitute a monophyletic unit, deriving from ancestral choanoflagellate-like protists that gave rise to simple choanocyte-bearing metazoans. However, a re-assessment of molecular and histological evidence on choanoflagellates, sponge choanocytes, and other metazoan cells reveals that the status of choanocytes as a fundamental cell type in metazoan evolution is unrealistic. Rather, choanocytes are specialized cells that develop from non-collared ciliated cells during sponge embryogenesis. Although choanocytes of adult sponges have no obvious homologue among metazoans, larval cells transdifferentiating into choanocytes at metamorphosis do have such homologues. The evidence reviewed here also indicates that sponge larvae are architecturally closer than adult sponges to the remaining metazoans. This may mean that the basic multicellular organismal architecture from which diploblasts evolved, that is, the putative planktonic archimetazoan, was more similar to a modern poriferan larva lacking choanocytes than to an adult sponge. Alternatively, it may mean that other metazoans evolved from a neotenous larva of ancient sponges. Indeed, the Porifera possess some features of intriguing evolutionary significance: (1) widespread occurrence of internal fertilization and a notable diversity of gastrulation modes, (2) dispersal through architecturally complex lecithotrophic larvae, in which an ephemeral archenteron (in dispherula larvae) and multiciliated and syncytial cells (in trichimella larvae) occur, (3) acquisition of direct development by some groups, and (4) replacement of choanocyte-based filter-feeding by carnivory in some sponges. Together, these features strongly suggest that the Porifera may have a longer and more complicated evolutionary history than traditionally assumed, and also that the simple anatomy of modern adult sponges may have resulted from a secondary simplification. This makes the idea of a neotenous evolution less likely than that of a larva-like choanocyte-lacking archimetazoan. From this perspective, the view that choanoflagellates may be simplified sponge-derived metazoans, rather than protists, emerges as a viable alternative hypothesis. This idea neither conflicts with the available evidence nor can be disproved by it, and must be specifically re-examined by further approaches combining morphological and molecular information. Interestingly, several microbial lin°Cages lacking choanocyte-like morphology, such as Corallochytrea, Cristidiscoidea, Ministeriida, and Mesomycetozoea, have recently been placed at the boundary between fungi and animals, becoming a promising source of information in addition to the choanoflagellates in the search for the unicellular origin of animal multicellularity.
Effects of Wine Consumption on Cardiovascular Diseases

The results of epidemiological cohort studies have shown the influence of a moderate consumption of different types of alcoholic beverages (beer, wine, spirits) and their effects on coronary heart diseases, with an increased protective effect in the case of wine. This increased protective effect may be due to the phenolic compounds (flavonoids and non-flavonoids) that wine contains. Moderate wine consumption, for example, has been observed to decrease platelet aggregation and to promote the vasodilation of blood vessels. These physiological effects are obtained with phenolic compounds are also obtained with ethanol, and are associated with a preventing or reducing atherosclerosis, diabetes and hypertension, as they work in synergy. In the case of atherosclerosis, this synergy resulted in a decrease in the fatty streak area formation associated with atherosclerosis, a decrease in cholesterolemia, and an increase in the level of specific antioxidant enzymes active against free radicals. This synergy also restored the antioxidant capacity of plasma improving defences against oxidative stress associated with diabetes and stimulated insulin secretion. In addition, it normalised systolic pressure, reduced cardiac hypertrophy, as well as reduced free radical generation in the thoracic aorta and heart tissues. Thus wine could play a role in preventive nutrition, when a moderate amount is regularly consumed as part of the daily diet.
Uterine glandular regeneration during the follicular phase in the marsupial Trichosurus vulpecula

The uterine luteal phase in T, vulpecula extends from day 8 to day 16 of the 26-day oestrous cycle. During this time both uteri are in an active secretory phase which is particularly pronounced in the basal gland cells, where both apocrine and holocrine-type release of a component of the uterine milk occurs. During the follicular phase which follows the luteal phase, uterine glandular regeneration takes place. Prior to mitotic activity in the uterine endometrium, a regenerative process occurs whereby the basal parts of the glands are surrounded and progressively enclosed by differentiating stromal cells, forming a double gland. The mode of regeneration is completed by mitotic activity in the cells of the outer gland while the inner or old gland cells progressively break up, leaving a lumen within the newly formed uterine gland.
The Characteristics of Gelatin from Scales of Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)

Gelatin was extracted from tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) scale after decalcification. The content of protein in the gelatin was 92.5% (w/w). The amount of imino acids (proline and hydroxyproline) was 167 residues per 1000 residues. Its gel strength, melting point and degradation temperature were 271 g, 27.0 °C and 59.7 °C, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra showed that the intensity of major absorption bands in the gelatin was higher than that in bovine bone gelatin. The gelatin had visible β-component and degradation fragments.
Identification of Armillaria species from New Hampshire

In 1979 Anderson and Ullrich proposed that Armillaria mellea sensu lato in North America be recognized as 10 biological species (Anderson and Ullrich, 1979). Although basidiome morphology was not compared, the biological species could be identified by compatibility testing; single-basidiospore strains of a given biological spe? cies generally changed their cultural morphology when paired on artificial media (Korhonen, 1978). Compatibility relationships and morphology of these biological species have been further investigated in North America, Europe and elsewhere (Watling et al., 1991). Six biological species found in eastern North America have been related to
Does the Domestic Output Gap Matter for Inflation in a Small Open Economy?

In this paper we investigate to what extent the behavior of consumer price index inflation depends on changes in domestic economic activity in Poland, which is usually described as a small open economy. We conduct a disaggregated analysis using the Phillips curve for individual price indexes. We find that more than 55 percent of the categories react to the output gap. According to our expectations, the categories most closely linked to the output gap are services and nondurable goods. We identify that only a small share of prices of durable and semidurable goods react to domestic demand, which can be explained to some extent by the globalization process. We also find that more than one-third of the price indexes respond to exchange rate movements—mostly durable and semidurable goods.
The decline of the Green and Golden Bell Frog Litoria aurea viewed in the context of declines and disappearances of other Australian frogs

The Green and Golden Bell Frog Litoria aurea has undergone a reduction in range and significant population declines during the past 15 years. In this paper the decline is viewed from the perspective of declines and disappearances of other species of frog along the east coast of Australia. In contrast to L. aurea most declines affected species occurring at high altitude with relatively restricted ranges. These species typically bred in streams, adults were closely associated with stream habitats, and anthropogenic impacts such as habitat destruction, pollution or introduced predators have not been identified. The decline of the Green and Golden Bell Frog accords in part with this pattern, high altitude populations have disappeared and low altitude populations have declined. However, the habitat of adults and breeding sites are typically associated with ponds and swamps not streams. Because the causal agent responsible for declines has not been identified, an experimental approach is considered to be necess.