Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An improved joint model: POS tagging and dependency parsing

Dependency parsing is a way of syntactic parsing and a natural language that automatically analyzes the dependency structure of sentences, and the input for each sentence creates a dependency graph. Part-OfSpeech (POS) tagging is a prerequisite for dependency parsing. Generally, dependency parsers do the POS tagging task along with dependency parsing in a pipeline mode. Unfortunately, in pipeline models, a tagging error propagates, but the model is not able to apply useful syntactic information. The goal of joint models simultaneously reduce errors of POS tagging and dependency parsing tasks. In this research, we attempted to utilize the joint model on the Persian and English language using Corbit software. We optimized the model's features and improved its accuracy concurrently. Corbit software is an implementation of a transition-based approach for word segmentation, POS tagging and dependency parsing. In this research, the joint accuracy of POS tagging and dependency parsing over the test data on Persian, reached 85.59% for coarse-grained and 84.24% for fine-grained POS. Also, we attained 76.01% for coarse-grained and 74.34% for fine-grained POS on English.
Application and Evaluation of an Explicit Prognostic Cloud‐Cover Scheme in GRAPES Global Forecast System

An explicit prognostic cloud‐cover scheme (PROGCS) is implemented into the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System (GRAPES) for global middle‐range numerical weather predication system (GRAPES_GFS) to improve the model performance in simulating cloud cover and radiation. Unlike the previous diagnostic cloud‐cover scheme (DIAGCS), PROGCS considers the formation and dissipation of cloud cover by physically connecting it to the cumulus convection and large‐scale stratiform condensation processes. Our simulation results show that clouds in mid‐high latitudes arise mainly from large‐scale stratiform condensation processes, while cumulus convection and large‐scale condensation processes jointly determine cloud cover in low latitudes. Compared with DIAGCS, PROGCS captures more consistent vertical distributions of cloud cover with the observations from Atmospheric Radiation Measurements (ARM) program at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site and simulates more realistic diurnal cycle of marine stratocumulus with the ERA‐Interim reanalysis data. The low, high, and total cloud covers that are determined via PROGCS appear to be more realistic than those simulated via DIAGCS when both are compared with satellite retrievals though the former maintains slight negative biases. In addition, the simulations of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) from PROGCS runs have been considerably improved as well, resulting in less biases in radiative heating rates at heights below 850 hPa and above 400 hPa of GRAPES_GFS. Our results indicate that a prognostic method of cloud‐cover calculation has significant advantage over the conventional diagnostic one, and it should be adopted in both weather and climate simulation and forecast.
A Case Study on Mobile Web and Social Network Service in Digital Music Market : The New Management of NeowizBugs

The new environment of music service has brought changes in digital music industry. Today, various forms of music contents are presented in ubiquitous environments. Thus, securing various contents becomes very important in monopolistic competition of music market. Under the circumstance, web 2.0 provides a networking environment to form diverse relations. Social Network Service (SNS) is a service to emphasize people relation and is different from information-centered Internet service. And mobile SNS becomes popular as Smartphone rapidly increases. NeowizBugs merged with NeowizInternet managing Sayclub of a music-specified SNS site. And the firm confirms comprehensive contents by making ties with SM entertainment. Thus, the integration corporation secures and manages a new business model by linking digital contents with SNS. Generally, musicspecified SNS has advertisement business model and uses a recommend system utilizing * 교신저자, 서울대학교 경영전문대학원 교수 ** 서울대 경영대학 박사과정 2010년 11월 12일 접수, 2011년 02월 16일 심사완료 후 2011년 02월 17일 게재확정. 2 한국전자거래학회지 제16권 제1호 the database of users. By introducing the case of NeowizBugs, this study tries to identify the success strategy of music distributors fitting ubiquitous environment including web 2.0, mobile SNS, Smartphone, etc. 키워드:디지털 음악, 웹 2.0, 모바일 소셜네트워크서비스, 스마트폰 Digital Music, Web 2.0, Mobile SNS, Smartphone
Internal Control System and Quality Audit Work

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) reported that the backward development in the Nigeria banking sector is attributable to the weaknesses in the internal control systems and poor audit work of the banks. This has clearly pointed out the picture of how fraud has penetrated in the financial strength of Nigerian Banks. In a nut-shell, the damage which this menace, called fraud has done to the banks is innumerable and needs urgent attention. Therefore, the attempt to put an end to this economic degradation, gave rise to the topic of this research study the internal control system and quality audit work in the banking sector in Nigeria with Access Bank PLC as a case study. However, this study verifies the conception that an effective and efficient internal control system has a greater influence on the quality of audit work. Data captured for this study, were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The descriptive analysis involves the use of tabulation and percentages. While the inferential statistical method involved the use of the chi-square. This study reveals that internal control system has a great influence on the operations of the bank and consequently on their quality audit work. Base on the above point, it was recommended that a good internal control system should be employed by the management of every organization. Keywords: Internal control, fraud, audit quality, banking sector
Diagnostic and immunoprophylactic applications of synthetic peptides in veterinary microbiology

Chemically synthesized peptides are considered as potential reagents for various applications in biological sciences. They mimic naturally occurring peptides or segments of proteins and have emerged as diagnostic reagents and safe immunogens in animal science. Carefully selected peptides resembling authentic epitopes serve as synthetic antigens in diagnostic tests. Synthetic peptide-based vaccines can elicit antibodies against animal pathogens. The early use of synthetic peptides as a vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease stimulated interest in the development of peptide-based diagnostics and immunoprophylactics. The development of a peptide vaccine for canine parvovirus confirmed the usefulness of peptides as immunoprophylactics. Recently, the advent of the technology for the development of multiple antigenic peptides (MAPs) has provided a well-defined method for the production of highly immunogenic peptides and anti-peptide antibodies. Antibodies raised against major epitopes can be used in the detection of the native antigen (virus) in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and other tests, vindicating the usefulness of peptides for safe, chemically defined, non-infectious diagnostics and immunoprophylactics. This article focuses on the methods for selecting and preparing peptides for the predicted epitopes, their characterization and use, and the application of MAPs.
Assessing the effectiveness of locally available fungicides in managing Cercospora leaf spot of Swiss chard under field conditions in Botswana

Cercospora leaf-spot (CLS), caused by Cercospora beticola, is an important foliar disease of Swiss chard in Botswana. The regularity of outbreaks of the disease in Botswana is a major cause of concern and thus, have necessitated the use of fungicides under field conditions in order to control the disease and bring the crop to maturity. The objective of the study was to assess the most effective, locally available fungicides in the control of CLS of Swiss chard under field conditions. The experiment was carried out in Sebele, where a tractor-ploughed field was partitioned into 24 plots, which were split into three blocks. Seedlings were transplanted into the plots, with each plot containing a maximum of 45 plants which were left for natural infection. Disease control commenced once symptoms were observed, using Copper oxychloride; Benomyl + Mancozeb; Mancozeb + Copper oxychloride; Benomyl; Benomyl + Copper oxychloride; Mancozeb; Benomyl + Mancozeb + Copper oxychloride applied at recommended rates. Where more than one fungicide was used, the fungicides were applied at alternating intervals. Control plants were sprayed with water only. The treatments were applied for a period of twelve weeks at two week intervals. The average number of leaf spots per leaf was recorded two weeks after each fungicide application and samples were collected prior to spraying. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means separated using LSD test at p=0.05. Cercospora leaf spot severity was significantly lower in all treatments involving Benomyl than in those treatments involving Mancozeb and Copper oxychloride used alone or in combination. This study confirms that when Benomyl is alternated with Copper oxychloride, it is much more effective in managing Cercospora Leaf spot than Mancozeb or Copper oxychloride used alone or alternated.
An In Situ Test Method for Evaluating the Coupled Pore Pressure Generation and Nonlinear Shear Modulus Behavior of Liquefiable Soils

An in situ test method for evaluating the coupled response between excess pore water pressure generation and nonlinear shear modulus behavior has been developed. This technique is an active, strain-based method that may be used to directly evaluate the liquefaction resistance of soils in place. The test is based on the premise of dynamically loading a native soil deposit in a manner similar to an earthquake while simultaneously measuring its response with push-in sensors. Dynamic loading is performed via a large, buggy-mounted hydraulic shaker (vibroseis) that is used to generate vertically propagating (downward), horizontally polarized shear waves (Svh-waves) of varying amplitude within an instrumented portion of a liquefiable soil deposit. The newly-developed, push-in sensors consist of a three-component (3D) MEMS accelerometer and a miniature pore water pressure transducer. The new test method has been used to conduct field experiments in liquefiable soil deposits approximately 3 to 4 m below the ground surface. These tests were successful at measuring: (1) excess pore water pressure generation, and (2) nonlinear shear modulus behavior in native silty-sand deposits as a function of induced cyclic shear strain and number of loading cycles. These accomplishments represent a large step forward in the ability to accurately evaluate the susceptibility of a soil deposit to earthquake-induced liquefaction. While typical test results are presented herein, this paper primarily focuses on the equipment, field testing practices, and data analysis procedures for the new test method.
Free surface thin film flow of a Sisko’s fluid over a surface topography.

The flow of a thin film down an inclined surface over topography is considered for the case of liquids with Sisko’s model viscosity. For the first time lubrication theory is used to reduce the governing equations to a non-linear evolution equation for a current of a Sisko’s model non-Newtonian fluid on an inclined plane under the action of gravity and the viscous stresses. This model is solved numerically using an efficient Full Approximation Storage (FAS) multigrid algorithm. Free surface results are plotted and carefully examined near the topography for different values of power-law index np, viscosity parameter m, the aspect ratio A and for different inclination angle of the plane with the horizontal. Number of complications and additional physical effects are discussed that enrich real situations. It is observed that the flows into narrow trenches develop a capillary ridge just in front of the upstream edge of a trench followed by a small trough. For relatively small width trenches, the free surface is almost everywhere flat as the dimensional width of the trench is much smaller than the capillary length scale. In this region, surface tension dominates the solution and acts so as to stretch a membrane across the trench leading to smaller height deviations. The ridge originates from the topographic forcing which works to force fluid upstream immediately prior to the trench before helping to accelerate it over. The upstream forcing slows down the fluid locally and increases the layer thickness.
What Drives Private Saving Across the World?

Saving rates display considerable variation across countries and over time. This paper investigates empirically the policy and nonpolicy factors behind these saving disparities using a large, cross-country, time-series data set and following an encompassing approach including a number of relevant private saving determinants. The paper extends the literature in several dimensions. It uses the largest data set on aggregate saving assembled to date and explores both national and private saving determinants. It uses panel instrumental-variable techniques to correct for endogeneity and heterogeneity. Finally, it performs a variety of robustness checks to changes in estimation procedures, data samples, and model specification.
Flexible Link Control with Three Different Structures Using Feedback-Error-Learning

This paper discusses three structures for neural control of a flexible link using the Feedback-ErrorLearning technique. This technique aims to acquire the inverse dynamic model of the plant and uses a neural network acting as an adaptive controller to improve the performance of a conventional non-adaptive feedback controller. The non-collocated control of a flexible link is characterized as a non-minimum phase system, which is difficult to be controlled by most control techniques. Three different neural approaches are used in this paper to overcome this difficulty. The first and second structures use a virtual redefined output as one of the inputs for the neural network and feedback controllers, while the third employs a delayed reference input signal in the feedback path and a tapped-delay line to process the reference input before presenting it to the neural network.
Image as the elements of attractiveness of the destinations of the nature-oriented tourism.

The aim of this paper is to assess the relations between partial components of image of various touristically attractive locations. This research is focused on specific locations in vulnerable areas since the sustainable way of the tourism development concerns them in the highest manner and the touristic pressure on these locations permanently increases. The paper makes effort to extend the usual and nearly traditional understanding of the image in the tourism, which is usually related only to the problems of brand and/or the tourist destination. This is done through a survey realized at 26 selected locations with the aim to obtain 64 completely filled-in questionnaires in each location. Particular statements of respondents concerning the image of the visited location were summarized to the 20 categories. A multidimensional analysis was used to reveal the relations in partial answers. Authors have identified an important number of elements of image of the tourist attractions. By means of the analysis authors have identified differences between historic attractions and nature attractions. However, authors have identified simultaneously both the natural type of the image of the destination and the culture-historical type of image of the destination in all studied locations.
A LUMINOUS RED NOVA IN M31 AND ITS PROGENITOR SYSTEM

We present observations of M31LRN 2015 (MASTER OT J004207.99+405501.1), discovered in M31 in 2015 January, and identified as a rare and enigmatic luminous red nova (LRN). Spectroscopic and photometric observations obtained by the Liverpool Telescope showed the LRN becoming extremely red as it faded from its M V = − 9.4 ± 0.2 ? > peak. Early spectra showed strong Hα emission that weakened over time as a number of absorption features appeared, including Na i D and Ba ii. At later times strong TiO absorption bands were also seen. A search of archival Hubble Space Telescope data revealed a luminous red source to be the likely progenitor system, with pre-outburst Hα emission also detected in ground-based data. The outburst of M31LRN 2015 shows many similarities, both spectroscopically and photometrically, with that of V838 Mon, the best studied LRN. We finally discuss the possible progenitor scenarios.
Viewing Islamic Art Museum Exhibits on the SmartPhone: Re-examining Visitors’ Experiences

Mobile Guide technologies in public spaces, particularly museum are not new and have changed the way visitors’ access information during their visit. Smartphone applications (apps) are increasingly popular because it can be accessed before, during and after the museum visits. This has impacted the way exhibitions are designed and the resulting visitor experience. Therefore, it is important to measure what effect the use of smartphone technology has on visitor experience. An “in the wild” study was conducted to investigate visitor experience in Islamic Art museum, both with and without Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia (IAMM) Mobile Guide (smartphone apps). A total of 55 participants took part in the study. The Museum Experience Scale (MES) was used to measure visitor experience, whilst the Multimedia Guide Scale (MMGS) was used to measure visitors’ experiences with the IAMM Mobile Guide. Results showed that scores on all components of MES suggested a positive experience at the IAMM with the component of meaningful experience being the highest score, followed by the component of knowledge and learning. Scores on the MMGS also showed a positive experience in using the mobile guide with learnability and control scored the highest, followed by general usability.
Title Robust gain bandwidth optimization in two-pump fiber optic parametric amplifiers with dispersion fluctuations

Gain bandwidth optimization in a two-pump fiber optical parametric amplifier (2P-OPA) with bounded zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) uncertainty is investigated. An analytical framework is devised for the design of maximum-bandwidth 2P-OPAs ensuring positive parametric gain, tunable gain spectrum quality, and robustness against ZDW fluctuations. By exploiting the polynomial nature of the phase mismatch, the design task is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem, which is then solved through convex programming techniques based on linear matrix inequality (LMI) relaxations. Compared to conventional nonlinear programming (NLP) algorithms such as genetic algorithm (GA), the proposed methodology exhibits superior computational efficiency, and guarantees convergence to globally optimal design parameters.
Designing IT services for the Construction Industry. Lessons learnt for Selection of Validation Techniques

Setting up collaborative working practices is a major stake in construction projects because each project is specific in terms of actors involved, documents produced and building elements designed. In such contexts the use of IT groupware tools to improve collaboration and their efficient appropriation by AEC practitioners is really a challenge. Designing such innovative collaboration-support services is an issue largely addressed in the scientific community especially to identify the factors of success/failure of the tools, but also to identify the scientific experimental approaches underlying it. This article describes five case studies of cooperation-support IT developments and for each of them the validation techniques used. It suggests an analytic framework distinguishing between 1) research project aims, 2) working practices and 3) IT developments types. Finally it introduces three experimental levels to be achieved in various research projects types and describes their related experimental properties.
Exploring the Factors for Effective Sustainability Reporting: A Survey of Indian Chemical Industry

Sustainability reporting is nowadays considered to be an important tool to showcase the environmental socialand economic performance of an organization. Although different frameworks for reporting are available theadoption of reporting are still less in numbers in India. The research paper aims at understanding the perceptionand awareness about sustainability reporting that prevails across the chemical industry in India and also tries tofind the major drivers and impediments of effective sustainability reporting as perceived by the industryparticipants through empirical analysis. The paper also tries to identify the major factors on which the industrywants to report their sustainable performance through exploratory factor analysis. A survey was carried out inGujarat and Maharashtra the two chemical industries infested states of India among the decision makers ofdifferent chemical firms responsible for firm’s reporting of both financial and non-financial performance. Theresearch shows that sustainability as a concept is welcome by the industry but as a reporting process it has failedto reach the desired level of reporting due to its complexity and therefore non acceptance. The research identifiesthe different factors on which the industry wants to report and also finds the most important drivers and themajor problems of sustainability reporting.
Shaping Liquidity: On the Casual Effects of Voluntary Disclosure

Can managers influence the liquidity of their firms’ shares? We use plausibly exogenous variation in the supply of public information to show that firms actively shape their information environments by voluntarily disclosing more information than regulations mandate and that such efforts improve liquidity. Firms respond to an exogenous loss of public information by providing more timely and informative earnings guidance. Responses appear motivated by a desire to reduce information asymmetries between retail and institutional investors. Liquidity improves as a result and in turn increases firm value. This suggests that managers can causally influence their cost of capital via voluntary disclosure.
Tourism development: sustainable or sustained? Intercultural reflections on the case of Praia do Forte-Bahia, Brazil

This article adopts qualitative exploratory research, undertaken by means of a single-case study on Praia do Forte, a tourism destination located on the Brazilian coast. Use was made of second- ary data and in-depth interviews with local residents, to answer the research question of how this desti- nation could follow a path of tourism development in a way that differentiates it from similar ones; and, as secondary objective if the degree of current development can still be seen as sustainable. Based on a systematic perspective of tourism, we seek to extend the vision of development so as to include soci- ocultural and environmental dimensions of sustainability based on Sachs' (1986) model. The results indicate that three factors seem to answer the question.
Tannaka-Krein duality for compact groupoids II, duality

We show that from the representation theory of a locally non-trivial compact groupoid whose irreducible representations separate its points, one can reconstruct the groupoid using a procedure similar to the Tannaka-Krein duality for compact groups. We study the Fourier and Fourier-Plancherel transforms and prove the Plancherel theorem for compact groupoids. Mathematics subject classification (2010): Primary 43A65, Secondary 43A40.