Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Age of sign language acquisition has lifelong effect on syntactic preferences in sign language users

Acquisition of natural language has been shown to fundamentally impact both one’s ability to use the first language and the ability to learn subsequent languages later in life. Sign languages offer a unique perspective on this issue because Deaf signers receive access to signed input at varying ages. The majority acquires sign language in (early) childhood, but some learn sign language later—a situation that is drastically different from that of spoken language acquisition. To investigate the effect of age of sign language acquisition and its potential interplay with age in signers, we examined grammatical acceptability ratings and reaction time measures in a group of Deaf signers (age range = 28–58 years) with early (0–3 years) or later (4–7 years) acquisition of sign language in childhood. Behavioral responses to grammatical word order variations (subject–object–verb [SOV] vs. object–subject–verb [OSV]) were examined in sentences that included (1) simple sentences, (2) topicalized sentences, and (3) sentences involving manual classifier constructions, uniquely characteristic of sign languages. Overall, older participants responded more slowly. Age of acquisition had subtle effects on acceptability ratings, whereby the direction of the effect depended on the specific linguistic structure.
Terrestrial carbon inputs to inland waters: A current synthesis of estimates and uncertainty

Globally, inland waters receive a significant but ill‐defined quantity of terrestrial carbon (C). When summed, the contemporary estimates for the three possible fates of C in inland waters (storage, outgassing, and export) highlight that terrestrial landscapes may deliver upward of 5.1 Pg of C annually. This review of flux estimates over the last decade has revealed an average increase of ∼ 0.3 Pg C yr−1, indicating a historical underestimation of the amount of terrestrial‐C exported to inland waters. The continual increase in the estimates also underscores large data gaps and uncertainty. As research continues to refine these aquatic fluxes, especially C outgassed from the humid tropics and other understudied regions, we expect the global estimate of terrestrial‐C transferred to inland waters to rise. An important implication of this upward refinement is that terrestrial net ecosystem production may be overestimated with ramifications for modeling of the global C cycle.
Preclinical activity of MCLA-128, an ADCC enhanced bispecific IgG1 antibody targeting the HER2:HER3 heterodimer.

560 Background: Amplification and dimerization of HER2 promotes growth and survival of malignant cells. Tumor responses to available therapeutic agents targeting HER2 are variable. Re-activation of the potent HER2:HER3 signaling dimer by up-regulation of the HER3 ligand heregulin (HRG) has recently been identified as an important resistance mechanism. Treatment of patients with tumors expressing HER2 could be improved with agents that specifically target and potently inhibit the HER2:HER3 heterodimer. Methods: Inhibition of HRG mediated cell growth and invasiveness was assessed by proliferation inhibition and high content imaging. ADCC activity was measured by standard PBMC assays and reporter cell lines. The trastuzumab-resistant, HER2 amplified JIMT-1 xenograft model was used to assess in vivo activity. Activation status of HER dimers was determined by specific phosphorylation readouts. Results: MCLA-128 is a human common light chain bispecific antibody targeting HER2 and HER3 selected from > 500 bispec.
The modifying effects of heat and cold wave characteristics on cardiovascular mortality in 31 major Chinese cities

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death globally. Examining the relationship between the extreme temperature events (e.g. heat and cold waves) and cardiovascular mortality has profound public significance. However, this evidence is scarce, particularly those from China. We collected daily data on cardiovascular mortality and meteorological conditions from 31 major Chinese cities during the maximum period of 2007–2013. A two-stage analysis was used to estimate the effects of heat and cold waves, and the potential effect modification of their characteristics (intensity, duration, and timing in season) on cardiovascular mortality. Firstly, a generalized quasi-Poisson regression combined with distributed lag nonlinear model was used to evaluate city-specific effects. Then, the meta-analysis was performed to pool effect estimates at the national scale. Overall, cardiovascular mortality risk increased by 19.03% (95%CI: 11.92%, 26.59%) during heat waves and 54.72% (95%CI: 21.20%, 97.51%) during cold waves. The effect estimates varied by the wave’s characteristics. In heat wave days, the cardiovascular mortality risks increased by 3.28% (95%CI: −0.06%, 6.73%) for every 1 °C increase in intensity, 2.84% (95%CI: 0.92%, 4.80%) for every 1-d more in duration and −0.07% (95%CI: −0.38%, 0.24%) for every 1-d late in the staring of heat wave; the corresponding estimates for cold wave were 1.82% (95%CI: −0.04%, 3.72%), 1.52% (95%CI: 0.60%, 2.44%) and −0.26% (95%CI: −0.67%, 0.16%). Increased susceptibility to heat and cold waves was observed among patients with ischemic heart disease, females, the elderly, and those with lower education level. And consistent vulnerable populations were found for the effects of changes in cold and heat wave’s characteristics. The findings have important implications for the development of early warning systems and plans in response to heat and cold waves, which may contribute to mitigating health threat to vulnerable populations.
Program Manager’s Guidebook for Software Assurance

The Program Manager’s Guidebook for Software Assurance supports project managers who must integrate software assurance engineering activities into the acquisition lifecycle. The goal of the guidebook is to help the program manager (PM) understand and address the software assurance responsibilities critical in defending software-intensive systems. It presents actions a PM must take to ensure that software assurance is effectively addressed. These actions require an under-standing of program mission threads, threat awareness, and the roles and responsibilities of members of the program office team. The guidebook objectives are aligned with (1) Enclosure 14 of Department of Defense (DoD) Instruction 5000.02, which provides policies and principles for cybersecurity in defense acquisition systems; (2) the Defense Acquisition University’s Software Assurance Course (CLE 081); (3) the DoD Integrated Defense Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics Lifecycle; and (4) the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Systems Engineering) Software Assurance Concept of Operations.
Species trees, temporal divergence and historical biogeography of coastal rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) reveal their early Miocene origin and show that most divergence events occurred in the early Pliocene along the Pacific coasts

We investigated the species trees, temporal divergence and historical biogeography of Emplenota Casey and Triochara Bernhauer (ET clade hereafter), subgenera of the Aleochara coastal staphylinid beetles, to determine their place of origin. We explored a multilocus dataset to infer gene trees and species trees based on traditional concatenated and multispecies coalescent‐based approaches using both model‐ (maximum likelihood and Bayesian) and parsimony‐based methods. The multilocus dataset comprised DNA sequences from five nuclear genes (ArgK, CAD, EF1‐α, wg and 28S) and three mitochondrial genes (COI, COII and 16S). *BEAST analysis according to a coalescent‐based approach resolved the following phylogenetic relationships: ((A. trisulcata (A. nubis + A. zerchei)) (A. obscurella ((A. pacifica (A. curtidens + A. litoralis)) (A. hayamai (A. yamato (A. fucicola (A. segregata + A. puetzi))))))). Using a relaxed molecular clock, we reconstructed a time‐calibrated phylogeny for this group. Furthermore, to account for the historical biogeography of the ET clade at the ages of major divergences, we investigated the ancestral area based on a time‐calibrated phylogeny. Biogeographical analyses suggested that the ancestor of the ET clade was widely distributed along the eastern and western Palearctic and the western Nearctic coasts in the early Miocene. According to reconstruction of the ancestral area, one dispersal and three vicariance events were required, and the analyses indicated that vicariance events were important in shaping its current distribution patterns. Most of the divergence events occurred in the late Miocene and early Pliocene along the Pacific coasts, and the East Asian seacoasts harboured the most species‐rich fauna, including eight of the 13 species in the ET clade.
HOLI Mutations Confer NovelIonTransport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Saccharomyces cerevisiae histidine auxotrophs are unable to use L-histidinol as a source of histidine even when they have a functional histidinol dehydrogenase. Mutations in the holl gene permit growth of His- cells on histidinol by enhancing the ability of cells to take up histidinol from the medium. Second-site mutations linked to HOLI-I further increase histidinol uptake. HOLI double mutants and, to a lesser extent, HOLI-I single mutants show hypersensitivity to specific cations added to the growth medium, including Na+, Li+, Cs+, Be2", guanidinium ion, and histidinol, but not K+, RbV, Ca2+, or Mg2e. The Na+-hypersensitive phenotype is correlated with increased uptake and accumulation of this ion. The HOLI-1-101 gene was cloned and used to generate a viable haploid strain containing a holl deletion mutation (hollA). The uptake of cations, the dominance of the mutant alleles, and the relative inability of ho1UA cells to take up histidinol or Na+ suggest that holl encodes an ion transporter. The novel pattern of ion transport conferred by HOLI-1 and HOLI-1 -101 mutants may be explained by reduced selectivity for the permeant ions. in S. cerevisiae. Our results do not exclude the possibil-ethods experimental details. holly minute.
Detection of beef adulteration by mitochondrial D-loop based species-specific polymerase chain reaction

ABSTRACT A species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for the identification of beef that is cattle (Bos indicus) meat by targeting mitochondrial D-loop region. A pair of beef-specific primers was designed to amplify conserved region of D-loop and possibility of cross-amplification was ruled by taking into account other species comprising of mammals, birds, rodents and fish. The amplified PCR product of 381 bp was evident in raw (n = 20), cooked (60, 80 and 100°C), autoclaved (121°C) and micro-oven processed beef samples. Sensitivity of PCR assay was at 0.1% for detection of beef adulteration and the limit of detection (LOD) of beef DNA was 0.1 picograms (pg). Newly developed beef-specific PCR assay was rapid and sensitive and hence could be applied for the detection of adulteration of meat.
Performance Analysis of Packet Sniffing Techniques Applied to Network Monitoring

Network monitoring based on packet sniffing is one of the most useful techniques applied by system administrators and security analysts in order to identify threats within a local network. Despite being supposedly a simple task, it could sometimes be a highly resource consuming process. In this paper, the use of two sniffing techniques, raw sockets and scapy, to achieve better performance in terms of maximum capture packet rate are analyzed and compared. Furthermore, both techniques are optimized by using BSD Packet Filtering to improve packet capture, and a multicore architecture in order to reduce the exposition to denegation of service attacks. Finally, a system based on those techniques that is able to automatically detect layers 2 and 3 common vulnerabilities and attacks within the scope of corporative networks is developed. The result is an enhanced system focused on link and network layers that can be deployed in corporative environments.
Growth Patterns of Two Chinese Native Goose Breeds

ABStRACt To study the development rules of Chinese native geese, two breeds, Shitou and Sichuan White geese were analyzed from 0 to 12 weeks of age. The growth curves were fitted with commonly used four kinds of nonlinear models (Logistic, Gompertz, Von Bertalanffy and Richards). The results showed that the growth curves were appropriately fitted with all four models but the Logistic and Richards both had the best fitting with growth curve (R 2 >0.99). Analyzing the fitting parameters of the Logistic and Richards, we found that male Shitou had the highest adult body weight while Sichuan White female had the lowest weight. In Shitou breed, Shape parameter Predicted with Richards model was corresponded with Gompertz curve, while in Sichuan breed it was in between Gompertz and Bertalanffy. Growth parameters predicted with Logistic model was much more closed to observed value as compared others. So overall logistic was the best model to analyze the growth curve in Chinese native goose and Shitou goose had excellent growth performance when compared to Sichuan White.
Shell strength of freshwater molluscs and its implication on preservation potential

ABSTRACT Shell strength of the modern freshwater molluscs Heleobia parchappii, Biomphalaria peregrina, Uncancylus concentricus, Musculium argentinum, Physa acuta, Succinea meridionalis and Pomacea canaliculata was quantified through load measurements and analysed using Weibull distribution, a statistical method used for brittle materials. In this study, we defined shell strength as the maximum compressive force required to break a shell per unit of resistant area, which is known as mechanical tension or stress. Intrinsic properties of shells were also measured through mineralogical and morphological characterisation. Shells were mainly composed of aragonite and varied in size and shell thickness, being P. canaliculata (biovolume = 104 mm3) the largest and H. australis and H. parchappii (3.35 and 7.93 mm3, respectively) the smallest ones. The dominant microstructure was cross-lamellar, with layers that varied between one and four. The organic matter of the matrix varied between 1.58% and 4.24%. Shell strength differs among mollusc species. Smallest species have higher shell strength than larger ones because they have a smaller resistant area on which the load is applied, and therefore the resulting value of fracture stress increases abruptly. This may explain the dominance of H. parchappii in death and fossil assemblages from Pampa sediments.
EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTICANCER AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES FROM LEAF EXTRACTS OF MEDICINAL PLANT CLIDEMIA HIRTA

Objective: To evaluate the anticancer and antioxidant activity of medicinal plant Clidemia hirta extracted in different solvents. Methods: Crude extracts were prepared from the leaves of Clidemia hirta using ethanol, petroleum ether and chloroform solvents. Anticancer activities and antioxidant properties were assayed using standard yellow dye 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl- 2H -tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay respectively. Results: We found that the ethanol extract had higher inhibition activities against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) cancer cell line, 50% DLA cell line inhibition at 68µg/ml, while 50% inhibition by petroleum ether and chloroform extracts were at 160µg/ml and 172µg/ml, respectively. The antioxidant activity requires5µg/ml of ethanol extract to trap 50% of DPPH (IC 50 ), whereas the positive control ascorbic acid trapped 50% of DPPH (IC 50 ) at 3. 5µg/ml. Conclusion: The prepared leaf extracts with different solvents of Clidemia hirta showed the antiproliferative and antioxidant activity in dose-dependent manner. Further works is required to identify the biologically active chemical constituents, responsible for cancer cell growth inhibition from this plant.
Sustainable Business Models in Hybrids: A Conceptual Framework for Community Pharmacies’ Business Owners

Community pharmacies have recently been asked to contribute to sustainable healthcare systems through active participation in an integrated model of care and by playing a major educational role for environmental conservation. Therefore, dramatic changes in their institutional context have led to increasing competition in the drugs retail sector and a shift toward a service-oriented business. These factors urge rethinking of the business model of these hybrid organizations, which combine a profit-oriented, social, and more recently addressed, environmental identity. This paper aims at discussing a sustainable business model (SBM) that could allow community pharmacies to contribute to public health through pharmacists’ current role and development of that role. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic suggest that human health should be at the center of the sustainable development agenda; the pandemic raises questions about the traditional role of community pharmacies, such as extending patient-oriented services. The SBM for community pharmacies represents an opportunity to enhance their role among the healthcare workforce, especially in a time of global pandemics. In addition, the SBM can support community pharmacies to integrate sustainability in day-to-day pharmacy practice, although it should be customized based on the contextual characteristics of the business and on differences between countries, such as health policies and regulations.
Impact of diabetes mellitus on nerves

Background: Involvement of the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems is probably the most common complication of diabetes. The main symptoms of diabetic polyneuropathy include negative symptoms (those related to nerve fiber loss or dysfunction) such as numbness and weakness, and positive symptoms (those related to abnormal function of surviving nerve fibers) such as tingling and pain. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study held in diabetic clinic of Nishter hospital, Multan, Pakistan. The study included any diabetic patients showing symptoms of neuropathy. Results: There were total of 140 in this study. This study included 85% of male and 15% of female. Most common symptoms of diabetic neuropathy were pain (70%) and tingling (70%) followed by numbness in 65% of patients. There were 28 patients in 5 years duration of diabetes, 35 people in 6-10 years duration, 21 patients in 11-15 years duration, and 14 patients in 20+ years duration. Conclusions: Neuropathy due to diabetes is crippling especially when pain is the prominent symptoms. Autonomic symptoms like constipation and lightheadedness are discomforting for the patients. The most commonly used screening test is vibrating tuning fork test which is east to perform is clinical setting and is not time consuming. Diabetic patients need to take special care of.
Light Dependent Regulation of Sleep/Wake States by Prokineticin 2 in Larval Zebrafish

Sleep is an evolutionarily conserved behavior and essential to survival. The classic two process model of sleep regulation proposes that sleep results from the interaction between circadian and homeostatic processes, but the details remain elusive. Most sleep research is performed using nocturnal rodents, and diurnal vertebrates are under-represented. It is unclear whether circadian regulatory mechanisms of sleep in nocturnal animals can be directly translated into diurnal animals. In this thesis, I first briefly describe sleep behavior and the two process model of sleep regulation, focusing on the circadian process, and then discuss the advantages of using larval zebrafish as a model to study sleep behavior in diurnal vertebrates. In Chapter 2, I characterize the role of Prokineticin 2, a proposed circadian output factor in nocturnal animals, in sleep/wake regulation in larval zebrafish. I show that, similar to nocturnal rodents, Prok2 is both necessary for daytime sleep/wake behavior and sufficient to modulate sleep/wake states in a light dependent manner. However, unlike nocturnal rodents and similar to humans, Prok2 is not required for maintaining circadian rhythmicity in larval zebrafish after removing external light cue. This result demonstrates the potential functional difference of circadian output factors in different chronotypes, and establishes larval zebrafish as an alternative model for studying circadian regulation of sleep and possibly other behaviors in humans. In Chapter 3, I describe the adaptation and development of TRP channels to manipulate neuronal activity in larval zebrafish, in an effort to expand the existing repertoire of genetic tools for studying behavior in zebrafish. I show that three TRP channels, TRPV1, TRPM8 and TRPA1, can inducibly activate specific populations of neurons in larval zebrafish by using their appropriate agonists. At high agonist concentrations, TRPV1, can rapidly induce cell ablation. Adaptation of TRP channels for use in larval zebrafish expands the variety of behavioral experiments and combinatorial manipulation of neuronal activity that can be performed in zebrafish. In summary, this work deepens our understanding of sleep regulation, establishes larval zebrafish as an appropriate model for studying circadian regulation of sleep in diurnal vertebrates, and presents novel genetic tools for studying behavior in larval zebrafish.
On A New Type of Degenerate Poly-Fubini Numbers and Polynomials

In this paper, we introduce a new type of degenerate poly-Fubini polynomials and numbers, are called degenerate poly-Fubini polynomials and numbers, by using the degenerate polylogarithm function and derive several properties on the degenerate poly-Fubini polynomials and numbers. In the last section, we also consider the degenerate unipoly-Fubini polynomials attached to an arithmetic function, by using the degenerate polylogarithm function and investigate some identities of those polynomials. In particular, we give some new explicit expressions and identities of degenerate unipoly polynomials related to special numbers and polynomials.
Research on EIoT Reservation Algorithm Based on Deep Learning

Based on the resource slicing strategy of deep reinforcement learning, this paper proposes a method framework for emergency Internet of Things, No.EIoT) slice resource reservation and multi-heterogeneous slice resource sharing and isolation. In view of the differentiated service quality requirements of multiple network slices, and the different requirements of different slices for speed and delay indicators, a shape-based two-dimensional knapsack problem is used and heuristic algorithm is used to numerically solve it. Experimental results show that, compared with the traditional NVS, No.network virtualization substrate) and Netshare algorithms, the Dueling DQN algorithm is better, effectively balancing the performance of heterogeneous coexisting slices.