Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ish in g . or g ) A SNP-Based Genetic Linkage Map of Soybean Using the SoyS-NP 6 K Illumina Infinium BeadChip Genotyping Array

1 Plant Genomics & Biotechnology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, NC 28301, USA; 2 Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA; 3 Soybean Genomics and Improvement Lab, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center– West, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA; 4 Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1325, USA; 5 Soybean Genetics Lab, Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1325, USA.
Humid Air Plasma Treatment of Birnessite Surface : Application to the Removal of Cochineal Red

The thin layers of birnessite (Mn7O13∙5H2O) are exposed to reactive species gliding arc plasma in humid air, which induces the treatment of the thin layers surface. Plasma treatment thin layer of birnessite was used for the degradation of Cochineal Red. The experimental results showed that 95% of the CR solution was completely decolorized by thin layer of birnessite treated by plasma compared to 80% of the same solution after interaction of thin layer of birnessite untreated. The decay kinetics always follows a pseudo-first order reaction. The application of the humid air plasma for the surface treatment of thin layers of birnessite improves the efficiency of treatment for Cochineal Red degradation.
Why are so few parasitoid wasp species pro-ovigenic?

A recent survey of egg maturation strategies among parasitoid wasps showed strict pro-ovigeny (emergence with the entire potential lifetime complement of eggs mature) to be confined to a small number of species. This finding raises the following important question: Why is strict pro-ovigeny such a rare strategy? Using a dynamic programming model, we show that three traits – small body size relative to travel costs, large eggs relative to the total allocatable resources, and uniformity in host spatial distribution (which translates into extremely low stochasticity in the number of patch encounters) – either by themselves or in combination, may lead to the evolution of strict pro-ovigeny. Turning next to the empirical evidence, we conclude that the prevalence of host patchiness over spatial uniformity has been particularly important in constraining the incidence of strict pro-ovigeny among the world’s parasitoid wasp fauna. Model predictions aside, the empirical finding that strict pro-ovigeny is a rare egg maturation strategy suggests that theoreticians should – unless evidence indicates otherwise – assume synovigeny (emergence with only part of the lifetime egg complement mature upon emergence) to be the case when considering parasitoid behavioural strategies and parasitoid–host population interactions.
School Autonomy Impact on the Quality of Education: The case of Tunisia and Jordan

We analyse the effects of school autonomy on the quality of education in Jordan and Tunisia, by using the OECD PISA 2009 database. Results reveal that most autonomy related variables are not significant. Accordingly, schools with more autonomy management and facing more competition do not lead to different results than others, while (public) ownership is positively significant only in Tunisia. However, private funding and accountability measures are positively associated with student achievement.
A Multi-scale, Integrative Model of Cellular Electrophysiological Response Incorporating Intra/Extra-cellular Transport & Dynamics

A novel hybrid computational approach to modeling integrated electrophysiological measurements (specifically action potentials) and biochemical endpoints (fluorescence/nanosensors) obtained while administering of compounds/drugs in a single cell environment is presented. To simulate the ion transport across the cell membrane and consequently to understand the electrophysiological response to external excitation (active potential or current), we propose a novel multi-scale approach (Figure 1) in which, high-fidelity spatial-temporal models describing intra and extra cellular fluid motion and ion transport are coupled with an equivalent electric circuit network model describing ion-channel activation. This approach will facilitate the data analysis and deconvolution of transportrelated effects from the electrophysiology measurements, as well as design and development of microfluidics-based patch-clamp experimental platforms.
THE HST/ACS COMA CLUSTER SURVEY. IV. INTERGALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTERS AND THE MASSIVE GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEM AT THE CORE OF THE COMA GALAXY CLUSTER

Intracluster stellar populations are a natural result of tidal interactions in galaxy clusters. Measuring these populations is difficult, but important for understanding the assembly of the most massive galaxies. The Coma cluster of galaxies is one of the nearest truly massive galaxy clusters and is host to a correspondingly large system of globular clusters (GCs). We use imaging from the HST/ACS Coma Cluster Survey to present the first definitive detection of a large population of intracluster GCs (IGCs) that fills the Coma cluster core and is not associated with individual galaxies. The GC surface density profile around the central massive elliptical galaxy, NGC 4874, is dominated at large radii by a population of IGCs that extend to the limit of our data (R < 520 kpc). We estimate that there are 47, 000 ± 1600 (random) +4000−5000 (systematic) IGCs out to this radius, and that they make up ∼70% of the central GC system, making this the largest GC system in the nearby universe. Even including the GC systems of other cluster galaxies, the IGCs still make up ∼30%–45% of the GCs in the cluster core. Observational limits from previous studies of the intracluster light (ICL) suggest that the IGC population has a high specific frequency. If the IGC population has a specific frequency similar to high-SN dwarf galaxies, then the ICL has a mean surface brightness of μV ≈ 27 mag arcsec−2 and a total stellar mass of roughly within the cluster core. The ICL makes up approximately half of the stellar luminosity and one-third of the stellar mass of the central (NGC 4874+ICL) system. The color distribution of the IGC population is bimodal, with blue, metal-poor GCs outnumbering red, metal-rich GCs by a ratio of 4:1. The inner GCs associated with NGC 4874 also have a bimodal distribution in color, but with a redder metal-poor population. The fraction of red IGCs (20%), and the red color of those GCs, implies that IGCs can originate from the halos of relatively massive, L* galaxies, and not solely from the disruption of dwarf galaxies.
The impact of hybridization on alternative splicing revealed by transcriptome analysis

Hybridization can result in offspring with transgressive traits when compared to the parents. These hybrid traits may have had an important role in plant evolution, they impact ecological fitness, and they have been exploited extensively in agricultural systems. Gene expression levels and patterns of small RNA expression as well as epigenetic modifications can be affected by hybridization. Alternative splicing (AS) is an important form of gene regulation, where multiple final transcript types are created from a single gene. AS is found in a large number of plant genes and has various functional consequences. Here changes in AS regulation upon hybridization have been assayed on a genome-wide scale using RNA-seq data from rice hybrids. AS was quantified in both parental genotypes and their reciprocal hybrids based on read coverage across genes as well as junction spanning reads. Of the over 24,000 AS events investigated, ~8% happen at different frequencies between the different subspecies. The majority of events in the hybrids occur at additive levels compared to their parents, although a large number of events (~9%) are at non-additive levels. Many nonadditive events in the hybrids are at levels equal to one parent. Several hundred AS events happen at higher or lower levels in at least one of the hybrids then in either parent, indicating transgressive AS. Some of these events, 48 in total, could be unique to the hybrids. The transgressively spliced events could contribute to the phenotype of the hybrids by altering the proteome through introducing different proteins, or via regulation of protein levels through nonsense-mediated decay. These data may also be useful in understanding the evolution of the regulation of AS.
The Relationship Between Employment Policy in Libya and Technological Development

: Technology changes the world of business and transforms the labor market. This work focuses in particular on the impact of new technologies to provide employment to workers, as well as self-employment in Libya. There are clear possibilities and wider use of digital tools. The government, companies and individuals today can benefit greatly from new "digital jobs" and from the use of digital tools. However, technology also brings risks. Some jobs can be digitized to varying degrees, and some workers or part of their functions are replaced with new technology. The ability to take advantage of these opportunities will vary from individual to individual; workers with higher skill levels are more likely to benefit, while those with lower levels of skills may be less willing to private new technologies, and therefore may be more at risk of poorer quality of work and even loss of work.
GENERIC REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR DIGITAL, VIRTUAL, AND REAL REPRESENTATIONS OF MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS | NIST

Manufacturing companies are facing the challenging dilemma on how to achieve better quality products while reducing manufacturing costs and define the processes as environmentally benign. This is a challenge at the time when consumers are not willing to pay more. One of the ways this challenge can be met is to build better information structure and knowledge base that will support product development environment catering to multiple stakeholders with conflicting set of goals. This paper aims to outline a need for a common information architecture for saving and utilizing more realistic manufacturing parameters as a basis for improved product design and enhanced, cost efficient and sustainable manufacturing. It concentrates on the knowledge representation for combining product, process, and system knowledge into structural shareable reference architecture. The knowledge model’s feasibility is tested in a holonic manufacturing environment.
Reflections on the Baron and Kenny model of statistical mediation

In the 25 years since Baron and Kenny (1986) published their ideas on how to analyze and interpret statistical mediation, few works have been more cited, and perhaps, so decisively influenced the way applied re- searchers understand and analyze mediation in social and health sciences. However, the widespread use of a procedure does not necessarily make it a safe or reliable strategy. In fact, during these years, many researchers have pointed out the limitations of the procedure Baron and Kenny proposed for demonstrating mediation. The twofold aim of this paper is to (1) carry out a review of the limitations of the method by Baron and Kenny, with particular attention to the weakness in the confirmatory logic of the procedure, and (2) provide an empirical example that, in applying the method, data obtained from the same theoretical scenario (i.e., with or without the presence of mediation) can be compatible with both the mediation and no-mediation hypotheses.
Genetic Variability and Heritability Estimates of Growth and Yield Component of Curly Chili Pepper

Success in a breeding program is primarily determined by the availability of information about the genetic diversity of the genetic material used and the expected heritability of the character to be improved. The objective of this study was to determine genetic diversity and heritability of growth and yield components of 10 curly chili genotypes. This research was conducted in September 2015 - February 2016 in the Medan Baru field experiment of Faculty of Agriculture at Kandang Limun Village, Muara Bangkahulu Subdistrict, Bengkulu City. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with ten genotypes and six replications. The genotypes used were Local Payakumbuh, Ferosa, Laris, Kopay, Romario, Keriting Hitam, Local Curup, Bogota, Sempurna and Mario. The results showed that genetic diversity of the ten varieties was narrow based on plant height variables, dichotomous height, stem diameter, flowering age, harvest age, fruit length, fruit diameter, weight per fruit and number of fruits. Stem diameter, fruit length, fruit diameter and weight per fruit had moderate heritability estimates; meanwhile, anthesis and number of fruits showed low heritability.
The Relationship Between Import Prices and Inflation in the United States

Inflation has been a non-issue in the United States in recent years despite strong economic growth, on balance, and falling unemployment. Some analysts believe that “new economy” dynamics are responsible for this favorable outcome and further claim that the traditional Phillips curve tradeoff between growth and inflation is no longer a valid assumption underlying economic policy decisions. Others believe that the Phillips curve is indeed alive and well but that favorable “supply shocks” have masked the still relevant tradeoff between growth and price stability. One potential “supply shock” candidate is a declining trend in the cost of imports into the United States. This study differs from earlier studies of the relationship between import prices and overall inflation in that it analyzes the impact of both non-petroleum import prices and petroleum-related import prices, and, in addition, extends the analysis into a time period when petroleum prices rose to historic, nominal highs. Overall, the study supports the view that import prices have played a significant role in explaining inflation patterns in recent years.
The Voluntary Disclosure of Intellectual Capital: A Longitudinal Study from Public Firms in Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of the voluntary disclosure of Intellectual Capital (IC) of public companies in Indonesia in the long term. Longitudinal studies were conducted over the past ten years from the years 2002-2011. The data were used, namely in 2011, 2008, 2005, and 2002. Samples of one hundred largest market capitalization company in 2011 were traced to ten years back. Analysis tool used is E views 7. The software uses a least squares estimation of the parameters pooled specifically designed for panel data.The results of analysis testing on observations in 2002, 2005, 2008, 2011, and the panel data were found the voluntary disclosure of IC to be influenced by firm size, industry type, and auditor reputation consistently at each observation. Inconsistent results were obtained by using the variable debt levels, ownership concentration, firm age, and profitability. The results of this analysis are expected to motivate the public company in Indonesia to do more voluntary disclosure of IC and encourage regulators to make regulations in a comprehensive manner so that all categories of IC must be disclosed by the company. Keywords : determinants of voluntary disclosure of IC, longitudinal study
Comparative Analysis of Ph.D. Programs in Engineering Education

Prateek Shekhar is a PhD student in the Department of Mechanical Education at the University of Texas at Austin. His research is focused in understanding students’ and faculty’s reaction to adoption of active learning based teaching methods in engineering classrooms. He holds a M.S. in Electrical Engineering from University of Southern California and B.S. in Electronics and Communication Engineering from India.
Momentum-map-imaging photoelectron spectroscopy of fullerenes with femtosecond laser pulses

Photoelectron spectra of C{sub 60} and C{sub 70}, ionized with ultrashort laser pulses, are measured with a momentum-map-imaging electron spectrometer. Above the photon energy, 1.6 eV, the spectra are essentially structureless and well described by Boltzmann distributions, with temperatures on the order of 10{sup 4} K. This result is similar to previous results for C{sub 60} using a time-of-flight electron spectrometer, which are confirmed in this study. Comparisons of electron energy distributions recorded for identical laser intensities but for different pulse durations demonstrate unambiguously that a significant fraction of the electrons are emitted in quasithermal processes and results argue strongly against a field ionization or direct multiphoton ionization mechanism. For electron energies above the photon energy, which account for about half the intensity, the whole signal is consistent with this quasithermal emission.
Entrepreneurial orientation and its impact on firm growth amongst SMEs in South Africa

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) has been widely touted as a fundamental ingredient for enhancing firm growth. Consequently, this aimed at examining the impact of EO and its dimensional variables (innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness) on SME growth (employment, sales, and asset growth). Using information from 285 SMEs, the results obtained indicated that while EO had a significant positive association with SME growth (employment and sales growth), most SMEs show a moderate level of EO. Also, following the EO dimensions, the findings established the emergence of proactive innovation (a combination of proactiveness and innovativeness) which showed a significant positive association on sales growth. Risk-taking was the only factor that showed a significant influence on employment and asset growth. This study also showed that controlling for the effect of firm age on growth significantly reduced the error of predicting sales growth by 2.3%. This study culminates with recommendations on enhancing EO amongst SMEs in South Africa. in South Africa do not grow but rather assume a survivalist position (Fatoki, 2014; Neneh & Van Zyl, 2014), with over 75% of newly established SMEs never attaining real success or maturity (Fatoki & Garwe, 2010). In addition to the high failure, low survival, and low growth rates of SMEs, South Africa faces a high unemployment rate, currently estimated at 26.5% (Trading Economics, 2017). Fatoki and Garwe (2010) pointed out that without the growth and sustainability of SMEs in South Africa, the country risks economic stagnation. As such, promoting firm growth is very imperative as it will lead to sustainable job creation, which is critical to South Africa’s economic prosperity and growth.
Fuzzy-Based XML Knowledge Retrieval Methods in Edaphology

In this paper, we propose a proficient method for knowledge management in Edaphology to assist the edaphologists and those related with agriculture in a big way. The proposed method mainly consists two sections of which the first one is to build the knowledge base using XML and the latter part deals with information retrieval by searching using fuzzy. Initially, the relational database is converted to the XML database. The paper discusses two algorithms, one is when the soil characteristics are inputted to have the plant list and in the other, plant names are inputted to have the soil characteristics suited for the plant. While retrieving the query result, the crisp numerical values are converted to fuzzy using the triangular fuzzy membership function and matched to those in database. And those which satisfy are added to the result list and subsequently the frequency is found out to rank the result list so as to obtain the final sorted list. Performance metrics used in order to evaluate the method and compare it to baseline paper are number of plants retrieved, ranking efficiency, and computation time and memory usage. Results obtained proved the validity of the method and the method obtained average computation time of 0.102 seconds and average memory usage of 2486 Kb, which all are far better than the previous method results.
Stability vs . Change : The Effect of Political Ideology on Product Preference EXTENDED

Despite polarization among political parties, it remains unclear how differences in political ideology impact consumer choice. Liberals and conservatives are systematically drawn to distinct preferences where liberals prefer hedonic, novel, and desirable options, while conservatives prefer utilitarian, status quo, and feasible options. Deliberation underlies these differences with liberals deliberating more.
Palliative Sedation in Children and Adolescents: the Repercussion in the Family

Background: Estimative demonstrate about 6% of the 20 million people needing palliative care at the end of their life are less than 15 years old. Despite of that, researchers reported several areas of parent dissatisfaction with care including confusing, inadequate, or uncaring communications with clinicians regarding treatment or prognosis of the child’s end of life. Objective: Here we show that about 90% of the families that have a child or an adolescent passing through a situation that needs Palliative Sedation think that this process was necessary to relieve the suffering of the patient. Results: In several reports, parents of terminally ill children describe their perceptions of uncaring and insufficient communication from health care professionals and link that communication with their own lingering regrets and emotional distress. Conclusion: There is the necessity to better capacity the supportive and care team, in order to diminish guilty and grieve feelings, and to provide courses to the care team that can develop the communication process among them and the family.
On the evolution of the Snow Line in Protoplanetary Discs

Abstract We examine the evolution of the snow line in a protoplanetary disc. If the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) drives turbulence throughout the disc, there is a unique snow line outside of which the disc is icy. The snow line moves closer to the star as the infall accretion rate drops. Because the snow line moves inside the radius of the Earth's orbit, the formation of our water-devoid planet is difficult with this model. However, protoplanetary discs are not likely to be sufficiently ionised to be fully turbulent. A dead zone at the mid-plane slows the flow of material through the disc and a global steady state cannot be achieved. We model the evolution of the snow line also in a disc with a dead zone. As the mass is accumulating, the outer parts of the dead zone become self gravitating, heat the massive disc and thus the outer snow line does not come inside the radius of the Earth's orbit. With this model there is sufficient time and mass in the disc for the Earth to form from water-devoid planetesimals at a radius of 1AU. Furthermore, the additional inner icy region within the dead zone predicted by this model may allow for the formation of giant planets close to their host star without the need for much migration.
Trust Models in Cloud Computing: A Review

It is common to hear that big or small organizations are moving to cloud computing for its scalability and cost savings. But, how do you decide which cloud provider to trust? Trust is a vital factor, especially for service oriented systems in the area of Information Technology and Security. Several issues have been raised by enterprises and individuals concerning the reliability of the cloud resources. In cloud computing, trust helps the consumer to choose the service of a cloud service provider for storing and processing their sensitive information. In this paper, a methodical literature analysis of trust management and existing trust models is presented to evaluate trust based on various QoS parameters. Key research issues and future research directions in existing literature are also suggested.