Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit) rennet on the texture, rheology, and sensory properties of white cheese

Abstract Calf rennet has long been used in cheese‐making. Because of calf rennet shortage and high cost, novel proteases were needed to meet industry's increasing enzyme demand. Recombinant chymosins and camel chymosin were started to be used in the industry. There is no study in the literature subjecting use of rabbit rennet in cheese production. Chemical, rheological, and sensorial characteristics of white cheese made with rabbit rennet were investigated in this study. Quality characteristics of rabbit rennet cheese (RC) were compared to cheeses produced with commercial calf (CC) and camel chymosins (CLC). RC and CLC exhibited higher hardness and dynamic moduli values throughout the storage as compared to CC. Although moisture levels of cheese samples were similar at day 60, CC had much lower hardness and dynamic moduli values than CLC and RC. While the appearance and structure were better for CLC, the highest odor and taste scores were obtained by RC during 60 days of storage. The results of this investigation proposed that rabbit rennet could be a suitable milk coagulant for white cheese production. Our results showed that rabbit rennet has comparable cheese‐making performance with camel chymosin and could be a good alternative for calf chymosin.
MERITS OF BORDERLESS EVALUATIONS

Intense global selection across 3 equal populations can increase the rate of genetic response by up to 17% compared to within-country selection provided genetic correlation for a given trait is unity between populations. However, as the correlation drops to 0.6, this advantage disappears. Standardising data collection and genetic evaluations across national borders could restore this advantage. This advantage is greatest when correlations between evaluation systems are low and when relative size of foreign populations are high. The advantage of borderless evaluations increase when foreign genetic means are high and particularly, in early generations.
Guideline for Antibiotic Use in Adults with Community-acquired Pneumonia

Community-acquired pneumonia is common and important infectious disease in adults. This work represents an update to 2009 treatment guideline for community-acquired pneumonia in Korea. The present clinical practice guideline provides revised recommendations on the appropriate diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of community-acquired pneumonia in adults aged 19 years or older, taking into account the current situation regarding community-acquired pneumonia in Korea. This guideline may help reduce the difference in the level of treatment between medical institutions and medical staff, and enable efficient treatment. It may also reduce antibiotic resistance by preventing antibiotic misuse against acute lower respiratory tract infection in Korea.
Normal Human Lactation: closing the gap

With the exception of infant growth, there are no well-defined parameters describing normal human lactation. This represents a major gap in the continuum of care that does not exist for other major organs. Biological normality occurs naturally and is characterized by well-integrated function. We have proposed a definition that highlights four key elements that describe parameters for biological normality: comfort, milk supply, infant health, and maternal health. Notwithstanding the current limitations, published data have been collated to provide preliminary markers for the initiation of lactation and to describe objective tests once lactation is established. Reference limits have been calculated for maternal markers of secretory activation, including progesterone in maternal blood and total protein, lactose, sodium, and citrate in maternal milk. Objective measurements for established lactation, including 3-hourly pumping and 24-hour milk production, together with pre-feed to post-feed milk fat changes (a useful indicator of the available milk removed by the infant) have been outlined. Considered together with the parameters describing normal function, this information provides a preliminary objective framework for the assessment of human lactation.
Automated boundary segmentation and wound analysis for longitudinal corneal OCT images

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been widely applied in the examination and diagnosis of corneal diseases, but the information directly achieved from the OCT images by manual inspection is limited. We propose an automatic processing method to assist ophthalmologists in locating the boundaries in corneal OCT images and analyzing the recovery of corneal wounds after treatment from longitudinal OCT images. It includes the following steps: preprocessing, epithelium and endothelium boundary segmentation and correction, wound detection, corneal boundary fitting and wound analysis. The method was tested on a data set with longitudinal corneal OCT images from 20 subjects. Each subject has five images acquired after corneal operation over a period of time. The segmentation and classification accuracy of the proposed algorithm is high and can be used for analyzing wound recovery after corneal surgery.
Down-regulation of transient receptor potential melastatin member 7 prevents migration and invasion of renal cell carcinoma cells via inactivation of the Src and Akt pathway

Purpose Transient receptor potential melastatin member 7 (TRPM7), an ion channel and serine/threonine protein kinase, has been linked with distinct human malignancies. However, the role of TRPM7 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been investigated. The aim of this study is to determine whether TRPM7 regulates the migration and invasion of RCC cells. Its relationship with signal transduction pathways was also studied. Materials and Methods The human RCC cell lines ACHN and SN12C were chosen for this study. The molecular mechanisms of TRPM7 action were studied using Western blot analysis and small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based knockdown. The effect of TRPM7 knockdown on RCC cells was measured by using Transwell invasion and wound healing migration assays. Results siRNA-induced silencing of TRPM7 notably decreased the migration and invasion of ACHN and SN12C RCC cells. The phosphorylation levels of Src in both cells were obviously reduced after TRPM7 silencing compared with that of the control ACHN and SN12C cells. Furthermore, the phosphorylation levels of Akt were greatly decreased in ACHN cells after siRNA-induced knockdown of TRPM7. Additionally, the treatment of cells with Src and Akt inhibitors clearly limited the migration and invasion of RCC cells. Conclusions Our data show that TRPM7 regulated ACHN and SN12C RCC cell invasion via the Src/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, targeting the Src/Akt signaling pathway and/or the expression or function of TRPM7 could be a potential beneficial treatment for patients with RCC.
Generating structured music using quality metrics based on Markov models

In this research, a first order Markov model is built from a corpus of bagana music, a traditional lyre from Ethiopia. Different ways in which low order Markov models can be used to build quality assessment metrics for an optimization algorithm are explained. These are then implemented in a variable neighbourhood search algorithm that generates bagana music. The results are examined and thoroughly evaluated. Due to the size of many datasets it is often only possible to get rich and reliable statistics for low order models, yet these do not handle structure very well and their output is often very repetitive. A method is proposed that allows the enforcement of structure and repetition within music, thus handling long term coherence with a first order model.
Review of Recent Advancement of Ultra High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging: from Anatomy to Tractography

History of MRI goes back to 1970 with low field MRI using resistive magnet such as 0.1T or 1 Kilo Gauss MRI (1-3). From the early and mid-1980, superconducting magnet became available and began to obtain clinically usable images. First 2.0T* MRI became a reality in 1985 (KAIS 1985) and began to provide superior images with time limits that are acceptable to the clinical community and rapidly became the major diagnostic tool (4, 5). In the mid-1990, sporadically 3.0T MRI became available and starts providing improved images in certain areas. Nearly two decades later, first experimental research proto type of ultra-high field 7.0T MRI became available in the research community and start providing markedly improved anatomical images hitherto unavailable with low field MRI (6, 7). History of modern MRI development is given in Figure 1 where the time and duration of the each modality remained and durations of the development periods are illustrated. As shown in Figure 2, one of the first 2.0T MRI magnet installed at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIS) in 1985 is shown together with the students and faculty who are watching the assembling the magnet to be installed at the laboratory (1985). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received: June 30, 2016 Accepted: August 4, 2016
RNA-Seq analysis revealed genes associated with drought stress response in kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Drought is the most important constraint that effects chickpea production globally. RNA-Seq has great potential to dissect the molecular mechanisms of tolerance to environmental stresses. Transcriptome profiles in roots and shoots of two contrasting Iranian kabuli chickpea genotypes (Bivanij and Hashem) were investigated under water-limited conditions at early flowering stage using RNA-Seq approach. A total of 4,572 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Of these, 261 and 169 drought stress responsive genes were identified in the shoots and the roots, respectively, and 17 genes were common in the shoots and the roots. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed several sub-categories related to the stress, including response to stress, defense response and response to stimulus in the tolerant genotype Bivanij as compared to the sensitive genotype Hashem under drought stress. In addition, several Transcription factors (TFs) were identified in major metabolic pathways such as, ABA, proline and flavonoid biosynthesis. Furthermore, a number of the DEGs were observed in “QTL-hotspot” regions which were reported earlier in chickpea. Drought tolerance dissection in the genotypes revealed that the genes and the pathways involved in shoots of Bivanij were the most important factor to make a difference between the genotypes for drought tolerance. The identified TFs in the experiment, particularly those which were up-regulated in shoots of Bivanij during drought stress, were potential candidates for enhancing tolerance to drought.
Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin as a Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients during Treatment with Colistimethate Sodium

Background The emergence of multidrug-resistant, Gram-negative bacteria has resulted in reconsideration of colistimethate sodium (CMS) as a last resort for treatment of such infections. However, acute kidney injury (AKI) may represent a major limiting adverse effect of use of CMS. Early AKI detection in CMS-treated patients can help prevent progression to acute failure and reduce the need of renal replacement therapy. We hypothesized that plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) may be an early biomarker of AKI in CMS-treated patients. Materials and Methods This prospective cohort study included patients aged ≥20 years who received intravenous CMS between March 2014 and November 2015. AKI was defined according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. The primary endpoint was the difference between the average time to AKI onset based on serum creatinine and empirically derived plasma NGAL levels. Results Among 109 CMS-treated patients, 23 patients (mean age, 61.3 ± 16.1 years; men, 65.2%) were evaluated. Thirteen (56.5%) patients fulfilled the AKI criteria. The mean time to AKI onset based on serum creatinine after CMS initiation was 78.15 ± 30.49 hours. AKI was detected approximately 22 hours earlier using plasma NGAL than when using serum creatinine as an indicator of AKI (P = 0.035). The baseline plasma NGAL level was 264.0 ± 167.3 ng/mL and 192.7 ± 65.3 ng/mL in patients with and without AKI, respectively (P = 0.218). The area under the curve for plasma NGAL level at 56 hours was 0.796 (95% confidence interval, 0.609–0.983; P = 0.017), with a sensitivity and specificity of 69.2% and 90.0%, respectively (cutoff value, 285 ng/mL). Conclusion NGAL level was found to be a strong predictor of AKI. This study provides additional evidence of the utility of NGAL for AKI in patients with treated CMS. Plasma NGAL represent sensitive and specific predictive early biomarkers for AKI in patient treated CMS.
The effects of oral antioxidants on the semen of men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia

It has been estimated that approximately 15% of reproductive-age couples suffer from infertility. Male factors contribute to almost half of infertility cases, and in many patients the underlying cause of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia is unknown. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a role as a contributing factor to male infertility, and reactive oxygen species have been shown to impair sperm function and motility and to damage sperm membrane and DNA. Therefore, this review explored the evidence provided by studies published from 2002 to 2017 on the impact of oral antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, L-carnitine, coenzyme Q10, zinc, selenium, and pentoxifylline) on seminal fluid parameters in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Most of the studies were randomized controlled studies that investigated the effect of single or combined antioxidants and reported improvements in at least one semen parameter. The most noteworthy effect that was found was that the use of multiple antioxidants increased sperm motility and concentration. Nonetheless, there is a lack of agreement on the dose, the duration of treatment, and whether individual or combined oral antioxidants should be used. Therefore, the current review provides evidence supporting the use of oral antioxidants in the treatment of infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.
Refresh Strategies in Continuous Active Learning

High recall information retrieval is crucial to tasks such as electronic discovery and systematic review. Continuous Active Learning (CAL) is a technique where a human reviewer works in loop with a machine learning model; the model presents a set of documents likely to be relevant and the reviewer provides relevance feedback. Our focus in this paper is on one particular aspect of CAL: refreshing, which is a crucial and recurring event in the CAL process. During a refresh, the machine learning model is trained with the relevance judgments and a new list of likely-to-be-relevant documents is produced for the reviewer to judge. It is also computationally the most expensive step in CAL. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the default and alternative refresh strategies on the effectiveness and efficiency of CAL. We find that more frequent refreshes can significantly reduce the human effort required to achieve certain recall. For moderately sized datasets, the high computation cost of frequent refreshes can be reduced through a careful implementation. For dealing with resource constraints and large datasets, we propose alternative refresh strategies which provide the benefits of frequent refreshes at a lower computation cost.
Screen-based sedentary behaviour and adiposity among school children: Results from International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) - Kenya

Background High levels of sedentary behaviours have been independently associated with several negative health indicators, including obesity. Screen time (ST) is often used as a contributing measure of sedentary time. It is recommended that children spend no more than 2 hours on recreational sedentary screen-based activities daily. We describe screen-based sedentary time of urban school children and examine the associations between body mass index (BMI) and percent Body Fat (%BF) with ST levels. Methods Data were collected from 563 children aged 9 to 11 years attending 29 non-boarding primary schools in Nairobi, Kenya, as part of the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE). Data were analysed to test for associations between ST and sex, type of school attended (public verses private), Socioeconomic status, adiposity, and access to electronic devices. We also assessed participants’ ST on school and weekend days. Results Of the participants recruited, 15.5% had high ST levels, 67.9% spent no more than 2 hours in recreational screen activities on school days while 74.2% did not meet the guidelines on weekend days. Participants sex was associated with daily ST (t = 3.5, p<0.001), ST on the weekend (t = 3.9, p <0.001) and total ST per week (t = 3.5, p<0.001) with males having higher ST than females. ST was associated with type of school for daily ST (t = 3.6, p <0.001), ST on the weekend (t = 4.5, p<0.001) and total ST per week (t = 3.6, p<0.001) where private schools pupils had higher ST. ST was not associated with BMI. ST was not associated with %BF except on weekend days (p = 0.038) where those classified as overfat/obese (fat) had higher ST. Conclusions A large proportion of children spend more time than recommended on screen activities particularly on weekend days. Strategies to improve healthy living should focus on the reduction of sedentary ST for school-aged children.
Implant design and development

The cochlear implant is an electronic device that is implanted under the skin with electrodes positioned in the cochlea to stimulate the auditory nerve. Electrical currents induce action potentials in the auditory nerve fibres and these are transmitted to the brain. It thus bypasses damaged or missing hair cells within the cochlea that would normally code sound. It consists of a receiver-stimulator, which receives power and decodes instructions for controlling the electrical stimulation, and an electrode array, which has electrodes placed near the auditory nerve (generally in the cochlea) to stimulate residual auditory nerve fibres. CHAPTER 1 Implant design and development
Application of a Gamified Interactive Response System to Enhance the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation, Student Engagement, and Attention of English Learners

This article describes the theory-informed design of the “ELENA goes shopping” mobile game and reportson the evaluation of its effectiveness through a design research approach. The game aimed to foster youngchildren’s (aged 4-8) interest in a neighboring (geographically proximate) language and to familiarize themwith its sounds, pronunciation and vocabulary. Additionally, it strived to involve adults in young children’slanguage learning activities. To achieve these objectives, the game connects playful learning activities to anaccessible, familiar real-world setting (supermarket). The game was developed and evaluated through threeiterative design research cycles. First, interdisciplinary experts (n = 8) evaluated the game by means of aquestionnaire and focus group discussion. In the second and third cycles, the game’s feasibility andusability was evaluated via questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and a language learning outcometest. Results revealed that children (34) and adults (14) alike found the game useful for familiarization withand motivation to learn another language, and feasible to involve adults. Nevertheless, children could playthe game autonomously with minimum adult assistance. A dependent t-test on a repeated vocabulary testrevealed adults’ and children’s perception that the game helped them familiarize with another language tobe consistent with test results. A limitation to this study is that the test was administered immediately aftergame playing. Future studies could explore effects of “real-world” contextualization on early secondlanguage learning and vocabulary recall by measuring after longer time spans and compare results versus anon-contextualized game.
Development of a Computational Framework for Big Data-Driven Prediction of Long-Term Bridge Performance and Traffic Flow

Consistent efforts with dense sensor deployment and data gathering processes for bridge big data have accumulated profound information regarding bridge performance, associated environments, and traffic flows. However, direct applications of bridge big data to long-term decision-making processes are hampered by big data-related challenges, including the immense size and volume of datasets, too many variables, heterogeneous data types, and, most importantly, missing data. The objective of this project was to develop a foundational computational framework that can facilitate data collection, data squashing, data merging, data curing, and, ultimately, data prediction. By using the framework, practitioners and researchers can learn from past data, predict various information regarding long-term bridge performance, and conduct data-driven efficient planning for bridge management and improvement. This research project developed and validated several computational tools for the aforementioned objectives. The programs include (1) a data-squashing tool that can shrink years-long bridge strain sensor data to manageable datasets, (2) a data-merging tool that can synchronize bridge strain sensor data and traffic flow sensor data, (3) a data-curing framework that can fill in arbitrarily missing data with statistically reliable values, and (4) a data-prediction tool that can accurately predict bridge and traffic data. In tandem, this project performed a foundational investigation into dense surface sensors, which will serve as a new data source in the near future. The resultant hybrid datasets, detailed manuals, and examples of all programs have been developed and are shared via web folders. The conclusion from this research was that the developed framework will serve practitioners and researchers as a powerful tool for making big data-driven predictions regarding the long-term behavior of bridges and relevant traffic information.