Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelling of a Bluff-Body Stabilised Premixed Flames Close to Blow-Off

As emission legislation becomes more stringent, the modelling of turbulent lean premixed combustion is becoming an essential tool for designing efficient and environmentally friendly combustion systems. However, to predict emissions, reliable predictive models are required. Among the promising methods capable of predicting pollutant emissions with a long chemical time scale, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), is conditional moment closure (CMC). However, the practical application of this method to turbulent premixed flames depends on the precision of the conditional scalar dissipation rate,ζ ⟨Nc|ζ⟩, model. In this study, an alternative closure for this term is implemented in the RANS-CMC method. The method is validated against the velocity, temperature, and gas composition measurements of lean premixed flames close to blow-off, within the limit of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) capability. Acceptable agreement is achieved between the predicted and measured values near the burner, with an average error of 15%. The model reproduces the flame characteristics; some discrepancies are found within the recirculation region due to significant turbulence intensity.
Trauma-Informed Interventions for At-Risk and Justice-Involved Youth: A Meta-Analysis

The impact of trauma on children and youth has potentially serious and long-lasting negative consequences, including increased involvement in the juvenile and criminal justice systems. The objective of this study was to meta-analyze research on the effectiveness of trauma-informed treatment programs for justice-involved youth and youth at risk of justice system involvement who have experienced some form of trauma. Our systematic search identified 29 publications that met our eligibility criteria and represent 30 treatment–comparison contrasts. Six of these evaluated the effectiveness of trauma-informed programs for justice-involved youth, and the remaining 24 evaluated programs for at-risk children and youth. The findings suggest that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), including trauma-focused CBT, is effective. In addition, there was weak evidence suggesting that programs that used a cognitive restructuring component or had the participant create a trauma narrative were slightly more effective than programs without these features. Additional high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed.
Fine-scale habitat use by humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Zavora Bay, Mozambique

Little is known about the humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) of the East-African Coast genetic sub-unit (C1). With an estimated population size of 7000 whales, they demonstrate the resilience of the species after commercial whaling caused population numbers to decline drastically. Zavora Bay, Mozambique offers an ideal observation point of the passage of the whales during their annual migration towards the breeding ground of southern Africa and serves as an operating base to monitor this population. This study aimed at identifying the importance of Zavora Bay as part of this breeding ground and the core regions for humpback whale use within the study area. Results showed the waters off the coast of Zavora are actively used for breeding and do not merely serve as passage towards the wintering habitats. A mother-calf pair separation with a preference for shallower waters closer to shore was observed. Besides depth and distance to shore, slope also proved to have a significant influence on the distribution of adult humpback whales. Increased survey effort and more detailed investigation of the threats to humpback whales within the waters of Zavora are recommended.
Analysis and review of main characteristics of Colpitts oscillators

In this review, different topologies of CMOS Colpitts oscillators including single‐ended and differential configurations are studied, and the main specifications of them are presented. The studied LC tank Colpitts oscillators operating at gigahertz frequencies are categorized in several main structures to have more insight into their comparison. Also, the main characteristics of the Colpitts voltage‐controlled oscillators (VCOs) are compared and analyzed according to their configurations and calculated results of their transconductances. Besides, the Colpitts quadrature voltage‐controlled oscillators (QVCOs) realized by the mentioned VCOs are studied and categorized. Also, the various coupling techniques adopted in each QVCO to generate output signals with 90° phase differences are highlighted.
Collaborative Community Problem Solving: A Model and Recommendations to Support Community Practice

A comprehensive model for supporting community collaboration is proposed. The authors describe a model of community collaboration that consists of four components. First, the model is based on a community-centered approach. Second, the model consists of a formal decision making process. Third, collaboration as depicted in the model hinges on the performance of several roles related behaviors. Finally, actors in the collaborative community problem solving process comprise a system that must be skillfully managed. The potential of the approach described in this article to address limitations of current collaborative community problem solving processes as well as implications for community practice are discussed.
Determining the Proper Mix of Incinerator Bottom Ash for Floor Tile Manufacturing

Since 2003, researchers have attempted to reuse incinerator bottom ash (IBA), the residual from incinerating municipal solid waste, for ceramic production. This study focused on investigating proper IBA replacement level for manufacturing interior and exterior floor tiles. Firstly, raw materials of clay and IBA underwent SEM, EDS, and TCLP tests to determine their chemical contents. Six sets of specimens with different replacement levels of IBA (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30%) were then prepared. The specimens were calcined at 1000℃, 1050℃,1100℃, and 1150℃ and subsequently put through a series of mechanical tests to compare their performance. NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were also used to determining the organic compound structure after each specimens’ crystallization. Research results showed that proper mix of IBA up to 20% could result in quality tiles complying with specifications for interior and exterior flooring applications at certain kiln temperatures, while the specimens with 30% IBA failed to meet either bending strength or size shrinkage requirement at all kiln temperatures, and could not deliver a satisfactory result no matter what.
Determination of Normal and Variant Hemoglobin using Capillary Electrophoresis among Voluntary Blood Donors in North Central Nigeria: Implications on Blood Transfusion Services

Background: Voluntary non-remunerated blood donation is a strategy adopted by World Health Organization aimed at ensuring safety and adequacy of blood supply. Sub-Saharan Africa has a high prevalence of hemoglobin disorders and therefore needs to adopt stringent measures in donor selection to ensure safety for the recipient of blood transfusion. This study aimed to analyze normal and variant hemoglobin among voluntary blood donors. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 prospective blood donors including 55 (55%) males and 45 (45%) females, aged 18–34 years were recruited. Capillary electrophoresis using the Minicap system was used for determining the hemoglobin variants in alkaline buffer (PH 9.4). Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and p-value < 0.05 was considered as the level of significance Results: The mean age of the participants was 22.23 ± 3.3 SD years. The proportion of participants with genotype AA was 67 (67%), those with AS were 17 (22 %), while those with AC were 11 (11 %). While Hb A ≥ 90% was noted in 67 (67%) blood donors, Hb S was seen in 22 (22%) and Hb A2 > 3.5% in 57 (57%). Hb F > 2% was observed in 3% of the studied participants Conclusion: Variant hemoglobin is common among blood donors and this should be taken into consideration whenever blood is being crossmatched for recipients of blood transfusion. Data from this study will be useful in raising awareness and genetic counseling.
INDIGENOUS WATER FILTER TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF WASTEWATER FOR IRRIGATION AND ITS EFFICACY

Wastewater farming includes cereal, horticulture, floriculture, fodder crops and even aquaculture. In the urban areas, small scale farming practices include the agriculture of green leafy vegetables that are considered to be rich in Fe, Mg, comprise fibers and vitamins. Vegetables grown on waste lands of the urban areas often utilize wastewaters of domestic and industrial origin. Heavy metal load due to inlet of industrial effluents and sewage water leads to bioaccumulation of metals in plants and vegetables that enters the human body. Apart from the essential elements, the heavy metals in food cause various disorders including neurological and genetic, instead of preventing nutrient based current generation problems such as early balding, digestive problems, weak immunity. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of Spinach sample collected from drainage water irrigated fields of Goregaon, Mumbai using laboratory grade chemical tests indicated the presence of heavy metals Pb, As, Cd, Hg, Fe, Ni, Co, and Mo in high concentration. During the current study an indigenous filter has been developed of low budget cost and farmer friendly which can reduce the heavy metal load from such irrigation waters. The qualitative and quantitative parameter of heavy metal composition in sewage waters before and after filtration by prototype were assessed using ICP-AES. The values reduced to detectable to no detectable ranges i.e.0.01 μgml-1. Thus, the filter is proven to be 95% functionally efficient and made up of environmentally friendly, reusable materials.
Reconfigurable Three‐Dimensional Mesotructures of Spatially Programmed Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Their Ferromagnetic Composites

Reversible programming of 3D soft mesostructures is desired for many applications including soft robotics and biomedical devices. The large, reversible shape changes of liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), which result from the coupling between the alignment of liquid crystal (LC) molecules and the macroscopic deformation of polymer networks, have attracted much attention for such applications. Here, a facile and versatile strategy is introduced to create reconfigurable, freestanding 3D mesostructures of LCEs and magnetic LCE composites that are inaccessible with existing techniques via spatially programming LC molecules through mechanical buckling. Demonstrations include experimental and theoretical results of more than 20 reconfigurable 3D LCE mesostructures of diverse configurations, from coils and spirals to structures that resemble fences and frameworks, with characteristic feature sizes and thicknesses ranging from micro to macro. The large, reversible shape‐switching behaviors of these structures over multiple cycles are also demonstrated. An LCE gripper is shown to grab/release objects of both regular and irregular geometries. Furthermore, a robot of ferromagnetic LCE composites that simultaneously responds to magnetic and thermal stimuli for diverse biomimetic behaviors, especially crawling underneath a narrow crack, illustrates the integration of other functional materials to LCEs for multifunctional systems.
Surfactants in sediments

There is a general paucity of literature data dealing with surfactants monitoring in sediments using specific methodologies. The only surfactants for which a consistent data set already exists are Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (LAS) and Nonyl Phenol Ethoxylate (NPE). Concentrations of LAS and NPE, have in fact been monitored in both fresh water and marine sediments and were generally found to range from 0 to 5.0 mg/kg. Higher levels were reported only for some sediments collected close to untreated or inadequately treated sewage effluent discharges. This paper reviews the existing monitoring data for these surfactants in sediments and also reports the preliminary results of a recent monitoring programme carried out on the bottom sediments of the main watercourse in Italy, the river Po, using HPLC methodologies. For the first time, attention has been focused not only on LAS but also on Alcohol Ethoxylate (AE). To our knowledge this is the first example of a concentration-specific estimate of AE in sediments. These results will be discussed and compared with the limited toxicity information which is available on benthic organisms.
Proximate and Acute Toxicity Profile of Vitex doniana (Black Plum) Fruit

The fresh fruits of Vitex doniana sweet were collected from several randomly selected trees in a farm site in Uromi metropolis, Esan North-East Local Government Area of Edo state and then processed into an extract in form of syrup. The proximate composition and acute toxicity profile of Vitex doniana sweet fruit were investigated to ascertain its safety and nutritional capability. Analysis of the fruit showed it to be a highly nutritious food containing moisture of about, 9.90%, ash content: 21.5%, fat: 0.75%, fiber: Not detected (ND), protein: 0.006% and carbohydrate: 67.84%. Twenty mice were randomized based on body weight into five groups of four mice each. Three mice in each group were given syrup volumes of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg/ml respectively, corresponding to 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 mg/kg doses. In contrast, mice in the control group received potable water (10 mL/kg). The mice in all the groups were observed closely for mortality, toxicity signs and abnormalities in gross behaviour at 15 min, 30 min, 1, 2, 4 and 8 h, and then daily for 14 days. Based on the model used, the fruit was acutely safe in mice, since no death was observed within 24 hours after oral treatment and on extrapolation gave a high predictive value in humans. The LD50 value of black plum fruit was also found to be greater than 5000 mg/kg. Therefore, Vitex doniana fruit should be considered a source of edible syrup bearing in mind the safety, quantity and variety of nutrients it contains.
Stress level among the final year medical students at an urban medical college: A cross-sectional study

Introduction and Aim: Stress is a condition which is perceived through environmental threats and events and is initiated by stressors. Globally there is a high prevalence of stress among the medical students which impacts the cognitive and learning ability of medical students and also their mental wellbeing. The present study was conducted to identify the stressors and measure the intensity of the stress among final year medical students at AnurbanMedical College in Chennai. Methods:This cross-sectional studywas conducted among 250 final year undergraduate medical students between JulyandSeptember 2018. The students were exposed to medical student stressor questionnaire (MSSQ-20), consisting of six domains including academic related stressors (ARS), teaching related stressors (TLRS), intrapersonal and interpersonal development stressors (IRS), social related stressors (SRS), desire related stressors (DRS) and group activities related stressors (GARS). The stress levelswere graded as mild, moderate, high and severe. Results: Majority of the participantswere females(56%) and the mean age was 22.17± 0.94 years. MSSQ-20 analysis showed that 138 (55%) students perceived severe stress due to ARS and 85(34%) students were prone to high stress as a result of GARS. The mean score was higher for ARS, followed by GARS and the least score was observed in DRS. Conclusion: Since academics and group activities are the most dominant stressors, there is a need for restructuring the medical education delivery system to enable the medical students acquires knowledge without compromising their health and wellbeing.
Occurrence and Removal of Engineered Nanoparticles in Drinking Water Treatment and Wastewater Treatment Processes

The increase in use of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) ends up in waste streams, and consequently to the environment and drinking water resources. Thus, there is a continuing need to detect and quantify ENPs in water. Understanding ENPs occurrence and behavior in aquatic environments is also required to assess the associated environmental impact. Indeed, insufficient water and wastewater treatment for ENPs may cause a serious threat to the environment and human health. The contaminant removal in conventional drinking water treatment depends largely on the influent quality and operation parameters. A question remains as to whether these processes are also efficient for removal of ENPs and thus for the protection of the public from exposure to ENPs. ENPs can be biodegraded or sorbed by bacterial communities to differing extents, affected greatly by their surface properties, speciation, and transformations in wastewater treatment. Although the available literature is insufficient, the present review attempts to summarize several topics concerning the detection and removal of ENPs that might undergo dissolution, agglomeration, bioaccumulation and transformation in drinking water and wastewater treatment processes.
Gensini Score as a Predictor for in-Stent Restenosis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Background: Despite Drug-eluting stent (DES) have considerably reduced the rates of in-stent restenosis (ISR). ISR is still the most common limitation of percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI). The aim of this study was to investigate potential predictors on ISR in patients with DES implantation for Coronary heart disease (CAD). Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted. A total of 916 patients who underwented DESs implantations and angiography follow-up within one year at the First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang medical University, between September, 2013, and September, 2016, were included. The subjects were divided into 2 groups, ISR (n=315) and non-ISR (n=601), ISR was defined as a diameter stenosis of ≥50% located within a coronary stent or up to 5 mm beyond the stent edges. Clinical data and angiographic characteristics were collected. CAD severity was evaluated by calculating the Gensini score. The logistic regression and ROC analysis were pereformed to screen out efficient predictors.Results: Comparation between the ISR group and the non-ISR group, Gensini Score, diastolic pressure, waist, blood glucose, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVED), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVES) levels were higher in ISR group, and ApoA1, ejection fraction (EF%), and accidence of myocardial infarction (MI) were lower in the ISR group. Comparation of angiographic characteristics between the groups, the results showed the occurrence of stenosis in vessels of left main coronary artery (LM), left anterior descending artery(LAD), or right coronary artery (RCA) have more vulnerability to ISR. Patients in the ISR group have been implanted more stents. In univariate regression analysis, diastolic pressure, waist, history of MI, ApoA1, number of implanted stents, and Gensini Score were associated with ISR. After multiple logistic regression analysis, Gensini score was screen out to be an independent risk factor of ISR. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified that the Gensini score was a reliable predictor for ISR, area under curve (AUC): 0.80 (0.78-0.83), Sensitivity and specificity were 73.33% and 72.33%, respectively.Conclusions: Gensini score was independently associated with ISR, and was a good predictor for ISR in patients with DES implantaion.
Study on the inclusion interaction of p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes with norfloxacin

ABSTRACT The inclusion complexes of norfloxacin (NFX) with p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes (SCXn) were studied. The characteristics of host–guest (HG) complexation between p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes with NFX were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Stoichiometry and association constants (K) of the inclusion complexes were determined by the non-linear fitting method. An interesting 1:1 stochiometric of HG complexes were formed at different pH values (pH = 3.00, 6.00, 8.00) The inclusion mode of NFX with p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy.
Bioaccumulation of Mercury in Marine Algae from Dakar Coast (Senegal) and Galician Rias (Spain)

Algae samples from Dakar coast (Senegal) and Galician Rias (Spain) were analyzed by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS) to assess the bioaccumulation of mercury in the two aquatic systems. In this work, the contents of inorganic mercury and total mercury were determined. Simplified analytical procedures (microwave digestion and ultrasonic assisted extraction) were used for sample preparation. A reference material (BCR-60) was used to validate the analytical procedures used for sample preparation. The results of the analysis show that the total mercury contents found in algae samples from the Galician Rias are relatively similar to those found in algae samples from the Dakar coast. However, the inorganic mercury content of the algae from Pontevedra Ria was considerably higher than that found in the algae samples from Vigo Ria. The distribution was observed for inorganic mercury and total mercury, indicating that inorganic mercury is the major mercury species that bioaccumulates in marine algae. The inorganic mercury contents were always approximately equal to those of total mercury in the algae samples and a satisfactory correlation (p <0.0001; r = 0.9997) was obtained between them. Finally, the ANOVA analysis indicates that no significant difference (F = 0.165; p = 0.809) was found between the algae of the two aquatic systems (Dakar coast and Galician Rias).
In vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo aphrodisiac activity in male Cavia porcellus of Albizia adianthifolia (Schum.) W. Wight and Pericopsis angolensis (Baker) Meeuwen

This study was carried out to evaluate the aphrodisiac and antioxidant activities of aqueous and methanolic extracts of two plants used as aphrodisiac in traditional medicine in Kampemba municipality, in Lubumbashi DR Congo. Aqueous and methanolic root bark extracts of both Albizia adianthifolia and Pericopsis angolensis were administered orally to male Cavia porcellus before evaluating their physical behavior in the presence of females and their testosterone, cholesterol and triglyceride contents. The antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method. At 200 and 250 mg kg-1 body weight (bw), the extracts exhibited a decrease in rise time and intromission time and an increase in ejaculation time, ascending frequency, intromission frequency, ejaculation frequency and testosterone compared to the control group that received sildenafil (10 mg kg-1 bw) used as a reference. A positive relationship between testosterone level and antioxidant activity has also been observed. The aphrodisiac and antioxidant activity observed in the two species justify their uses in traditional medicine as aphrodisiacs. Further work is needed in order to proceed to the isolation and the identification of the active compounds.