Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Reducer-Tuner Model for Translating Specifications to 3 D Prints

Multi-material 3D printing allows objects to be composed of complex, heterogeneous arrangements of materials. It is often more natural to define a functional goal than to define the material composition of an object. Translating these functional requirements to fabricable 3D prints is still an open research problem. Recently, several specific instances of this problem have been explored (e.g., appearance or elastic deformation), but they exist as isolated, monolithic algorithms. In this research, I propose an abstraction mechanism that simplifies the design, development, implementation, and reuse of these algorithms. The solution relies on two new data structures: a reducer tree that efficiently parameterizes the space of material assignments and a tuner network that describes the optimization process used to compute material arrangement. I provide an application programming interface for specifying the desired object and for defining parameters for the reducer tree and tuner network. I illustrate the utility of my new framework by implementing several fabrication algorithms as well as demonstrating the manufactured results. Thesis Supervisor: Wojciech Matusik Title: Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Telemedicine Scenario for Elderly People with Comorbidity

Progressive population aging is associated with negative social and economic impacts mainly due to its associated comorbidity rather than to aging per se. In this regard, information and communication technology resources may provide useful tools to assist the population with comorbidities through the use of telemedicine systems. However, despite their potential, such systems have not yet been effectively implemented due to a number of different reasons: absence of a clear business plan, poor acknowledgment of their clinical usefulness, and ethical and legal issues, among others. An analysis of the current scenario from the point of view of the different actors (patients, health care providers, and health care systems) aimed at identifying the needs to be covered by telemedicine systems that could contribute to overcoming such problems. The present chapter is intended to offer such an analysis.
Risk assessment for small farmers exposed to plant protection products in the Niger River valley

Plant protection products play a very important role in agriculture. However, their misuse can have serious negative impacts both on human health and environment. A study was carried out to identify the plant protection products used in the Niger River valley and to observe the local pesticide management practices. Ten active substances were identified as the most used chemicals by farmers. Their toxicological properties were characterized and their respective Potential Dermal Exposures (PDE) was evaluated in order to assess the risk level for the local small growers. The UK Predictive Operator Exposure Model was used to quantify the PDE during mixing/loading and application according to the local practices. The survey shows that the most common active substances are organophosphate or pyrethroids insecticides. In addition, some other prohibited and counterfeit pesticides cocktails are also used. All active substances used in Niger River valley are highly toxic. When sprayed without personal protective equipment (PPE) they could induce significant harmful impacts on the human health after exposure. The predictive exposure levels vary from 0.0013 mg/kg bw/day to 0.4125 mg/kg bw/day, several times higher the Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (AOEL) for all actives substances. The survey also revealed that 76% of operators do not use any PPE during mixing/loading or spraying. Other bad practices observed in study area can increase the exposure of operators. Moreover, local consumers could also be exposed through intake of pesticide residues on harvested products.
The flow of human crowds

▪ Abstract The modern study of a crowd as a flowing continuum is a recent development. Distinct from a classical fluid because of the property that a crowd has the capacity to think, interesting new physical ideas are involved in its study. An appealing property of a crowd in motion is that the nonlinear, time-dependent, simultaneous equations representing a crowd are conformably mappable. This property makes many interesting applications analytically tractable. In this review examples are given in which the theory has been used to provide possible assistance in the annual Muslim Hajj, to understand the Battle of Agincourt, and, surprisingly, to locate barriers that actually increase the flow of pedestrians above that when there are no barriers present. Modern developments may help prevent some of the approximately two thousand deaths that annually occur in accidents owing to crowding.The field of crowd motion, that is, the field of “thinking fluids,” is an intriguing area of research with great promise.
Pr ogram Invariants Generation over Polynomial Ring using Iterative Methods.

Asolutionforprogrampolynomialinvariantgenerationproblemispresented. Aniterationupperapproximation method that was successfully applied on free algebras in this paper was adopted for polynomial ring. Set of invariants is interpreted as an ideal over polynomial ring. Relationship and intersection problems solution are proposed. Intersection of Grobner basis is applied to solve intersection problem. Inverse obligatory is applied to solve relationship problem.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ALCOHOLIC AND AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI ON CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

ABSTRACT Objective: In this investigation, the comparative hepatoprotective effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Syzygium cumini (AESC and EESC, respectively) was studied on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury in rats. These findings were also compared with the standard hepatoprotective drug silymarin. Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced by a single dose of CCl4 to healthy Wistar rats. Standard drug (100 mg/kg) and test extracts (500 mg/kg for both) were given orally for 10 days; the effects were observed using different biochemical and histological methods. Results: In most of the studied parameters test extracts exhibited significant hepatoprotection, these were comparative to standard. Histological analysis also revealed the protective nature of both the extracts. Conclusion: These results suggest that the SC extracts can ameliorate CCl4 induced hepatic injury. However, its ethanolic extract was found to be relatively less effective than aqueous extract. Indicated, some hydrophilic active compound of SC might work here. Keywords : Hepatoprotective, Carbon tetrachloride, Silymarin, Syzygium cumini, Alkaline phosphatase, Total bilirubin.
A way of enhancing test quality and restraining the increase of test cost for deep sub-micron integrated circuits

Enhancing test quality and restraining test cost are two main topics in the domain of test and design for testability of deep sub-micron integrated circuits. This paper presents a multi-fault oriented test and DFT resolution scheme for DSM IC. The scheme can enhance the test quality of deep sub-micron chips by using a test suite consisted of stuck-at fault test, delay fault test and delta-IDDQ test. And it can restrain the increase of test cost by adopting a special ATPG strategy to reduce scan-based stuck-at test patterns. A design paradigm of 0.18 mum MCU to which the scheme is applied is also introduced in the paper
Vitamin D in the aetiology and management of polycystic ovary syndrome

Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with the 67–85% of women with PCOS having serum concentrations of 25‐hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) <20 ng/ml. Vitamin D deficiency may exacerbate symptoms of PCOS, with observational studies showing lower 25OHD levels were associated with insulin resistance, ovulatory and menstrual irregularities, lower pregnancy success, hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, obesity and elevated cardiovascular disease risk factors. There is some, but limited, evidence for beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation on menstrual dysfunction and insulin resistance in women with PCOS. Vitamin D deficiency may play a role in exacerbating PCOS, and there may be a place for vitamin D supplementation in the management of this syndrome, but current evidence is limited and additional randomized controlled trials are required to confirm the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation in this population.
Traumatic Middle Meningeal Artery Pseudoaneurysms Presenting with Intractable Epistaxis: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature

Middle meningeal artery (MMA) pseudoaneurysms are very rare and are most often traumatic. They may present as an epidural or intraparenchymal hematoma. This study reports a rare case in which a patient suffered from intractable epistaxis because of a pseudoaneurysm in middle meningeal artery and skull base fracture after craniocerebra trauma. Pseudoaneurysm and the feeding artery were embolized by using Onyx-18 liquid embolic system. Complete cessation of bleeding was achieved in this case immediately after the endovascular therapies. In this study, clinical manifestation, diagnostic imaging and endovascular treatment are described. Formation mechanisms and the treatment of traumatic pseudoaneurysm of middle meningeal artery are discussed.
Model Predictive Control with constant switching frequency using a Discrete Space Vector Modulation with virtual state vectors

Finite States Model Predictive Control (FS-MPC) appears as a promising control technique to be applied to power converters in the industry. However, the FS-MPC presents some drawbacks as non constant switching frequency and high sampling frequency. This work proposes a FS-MPC with constant switching frequency and low sampling frequency applying a Discrete Space Vector Modulation (DSVM) technique. The real state vectors of the converter are used together with new virtual state vectors forming switching sequences each sampling period. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed FS-MPC with the DSVM are analyzed using a two-level three-phase inverter connected to the grid as setup to introduce the proposed technique. Simulation results are presented, showing that using the proposed technique the switching frequency is fixed and the sampling frequency can be lowered without reducing the quality of the converter behavior.
User's proximity effects in mobile phones

Thanks to a recent grip study, CAD models of the human hand have been generated, investigating user's proximity effects in mobile phones. The simulation results show that the hand exhibits a major contribution in determining the total loss when compared to the phantom torso alone. The palm-handset gap is found to influence both absorption and mismatch loss.
A Full-Duplex Radio-Over-Fiber Transport System Based on FP Laser Diode With OBPF and Optical Circulator With Fiber Bragg Grating

A full-duplex radio-over-fiber transport system based on an Fabry-Perot laser diode (FP LD) with an optical bandpass filter at the central station, as well as employing an optical circulator with a fiber Bragg grating at the base station, is proposed and demonstrated. Good transmission performances estimated by bit-error rate and eye diagram are obtained in our proposed systems. Since our proposed systems use only an FP LD as a light source for both down-link and up-link transmissions, it reveals a prominent alternative with advantages in simplicity and cost.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt does not independently increase risk of death in high model for end stage liver disease patients

Physicians often exclude patients with a model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score ≥ 18 from a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure due to the concern for higher risk of death. We aimed to determine if TIPS increased the risk of death in these patients. We analyzed the interaction between TIPS and MELD in 106 patients with TIPS and 79 with intractable ascites without TIPS. We performed Cox proportional hazard regression, including both TIPS and MELD as time‐dependent covariates together with their interaction, to calculate the impact of TIPS on the risk of death associated with a high MELD score. We found a negative interaction between a high MELD score and a history of TIPS, with potentially important effect sizes. Patients with MELD scores ≥18 had a 51% lower incremental risk of death (lower risk than would be expected from the combined independent risks of MELD and needing/receiving TIPS) associated with TIPS than patients with MELD scores <18 (hazard ratio for TIPS, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.10‐2.45) in the first 6 months following TIPS. There was an 80% lower incremental risk of death among patients with a MELD score ≥18 (hazard ratio for TIPS, 0.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.03‐1.23) 6 months after the TIPS procedure.
Antifungal Use for Opportunistic Infection in HIV Patients: Comparison of Efficacy and Safety

Background: Fungal infections always occur in HIV patients due to depressed immunity. The most common fungal infections are candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis and histoplasmosis. Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of the antifungal available for the three most common opportunistic fungal infections in HIV patients. Methods: The databases that we used to gather the information are PubMed, Lancet, Clin Infect Dis, SpringerLink, Ann Intern Med, J Clin Microbiol, Pediatr Infect Dis J and Int J Dermatol. Results: Based on our review, candidiasis can be sub-divided into localized (oropharyngeal and vulvovaginal) and systemic candidiasis. Fluconazole is found to be the most common used due to its high efficacy treating candidiasis. Prophylaxis of crytococcal meningitis can be done by administering ketoconazole or itraconazole depending on whether it is primary or secondary prophylaxis. Treatment using flucytosine in combination with amphotericin B has additive effect and appears to be the most effective regimen for cryptococcal meningitis therapy. Histoplasmosis is characterized by pulmonary and disseminated histoplasmosis and the mainstrays of therapy for histoplasmosis are amphotericin B and itraconazole. The most prominent side effects of amphotericin B include nephrotoxicity, acute toxicity and hypokalemia. Flucytosine and itraconazole induces gastrointestinal side effects and bone marrow depression while hepatotoxicity is found to be the major side effect of flucytosine and ketoconazole. Ultimate care must be taken when administering ketoconazole as it has considerable drug interactions with other medications. In patients treated with fluconazole, the most common adverse effects include phlebitis, headache and nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and rashes. Conclusions: From our review, it appears to have different drug of choice of antifungals for different opportunistic fungal infections. Besides, it is found that different efficacy of different drugs form the basis guideline for the therapeutic regimen in treating opportunistic fungal infections. However, therapeutic regimens recommended also induce various types of adverse reactions or side effects. Therefore, dose adjustment and therapeutic drug monitoring must be performed accordingly and routinely to avoid unnecessary complications.
Lifecycle engineering of modular automated machines

This paper describes the realisation of an embedded control system and associated engineering environment to support the lifecycle of modular automated machines. An on-going research project named MBODY (modular build for distributed systems) has been undertaken in collaboration with end users, machine builders, and controls and component vendors in the automotive, electronics and warehousing sectors. The external drivers of change affecting industry today are reviewed and the need for a better approach to the design and implementation of control systems is explained in this context. The engineering environment and associated component-based control system architecture aim to support the lifecycle needs of a new generation of agile automated systems; i.e. providing reconfigurable, easily scalable automated machinery, which is not reliant on a centralised PLC or PC based controller and where the control logic is embedded into the modules of the machine. The new system is suitable for a wide range of applications where sequence and interlock control predominates, i.e. typically application domains of conventional PLC based machine control
Modeling via Incremental Maximum Margin Criterion

Subspace learning methods are widely used in background modeling to tackle illumination changes. Their main advantage is that it doesn’t need to label data during the training and running phase. Recently, White et al. [1] have shown that a supervised approach can improved significantly the robustness in background modeling. Following this idea, we propose to model the background via a supervised subspace learning called Incremental Maximum Margin Criterion (IMMC). The proposed scheme enables to initialize robustly the background and to update incrementally the eigenvectors and eigenvalues. Experimental results made on the Wallflower datasets show the pertinence of the proposed approach.
Genre in Semantic Networks : A study of the Lexicon of News Articles

Our project aims at understanding text genres within the domain of the news. Advances in computational methods and availability of digital corpora has ushered in a new age of empirically testing intuitions about genres and styles, in particular the automatic classification of a document to its genre. At the same time, identifying systematic patterns of difference between genres, both quantitative and qualitative, can bring insight to our understanding of discourse from a linguistic perspective, and perhaps the social motivations that underlie our speech patterns as well. From a more applied perspective, discovering the key differences between genres can be of enormous use to natural language processing (NLP) tasks that work with corpora from a range of genres by identifying biases associated with particular genres or potential artifacts of genre imbalance in datasets. Other tasks such as Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging, parsing, word sense disambiguation (WSD), and information retrieval can also be significantly improved when taking genre into account.
Decentralized Nonlinear Control of Wind Turbine With Doubly Fed Induction Generator

In this paper, a novel nonlinear control design method for the wind turbine (WT) with doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) using differential geometry theory is proposed. The WT with DFIG is represented by a third-order model where electromagnetic transients of the stator are neglected. Then the model is exactly linearized using the coordinate transformation in differential geometry theory. Since the relative degree of the model of the WT with DFIG is equal to the order of the original system model, the linearized model can be transformed into the Bronovsky norm form. The linear quadratic regulator (LQR) design method is introduced to design the optimal control for the linearized system, and the nonlinear control for the WT with DFIG obtained by the inverse coordinate transformation only depends on the parameters of the WT with DFIG. Hence, the nonlinear control can be considered as a decentralized control, which is a desirable feature for a WT with DFIG. To illustrate the effectiveness of the nonlinear controller proposed, simulations on a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system and a four-machine system are performed. Compared to the conventional PI control, the proposed nonlinear control can improve the transient stability of the power systems and enhance the system damping.
CARDIAC TROPONIN T LEVELS FOR RISK STRATIFICATION IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA

A BSTRACT Background The prognosis of patients hospitalized with acute myocardial ischemia is quite variable. We examined the value of serum levels of cardiac troponin T, serum creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) levels, and electrocardiographic abnormalities for risk stratification in patients with acute myocardial ischemia. Methods We studied 855 patients within 12 hours of the onset of symptoms. Cardiac troponin T levels, CK-MB levels, and electrocardiograms were analyzed in a blinded fashion at the core laboratory. We used logistic regression to assess the usefulness of baseline levels of cardiac troponin T and CK-MB and the electrocardiographic category assigned at admission — ST-segment elevation, ST-segment depression, T-wave inversion, or the presence of confounding factors that impair the detection of ischemia (bundle-branch block and paced rhythms) — in predicting outcome. Results On admission, 289 of 801 patients with base-line serum samples had elevated troponin T levels ( 0.1 ng per milliliter). Mortality within 30 days was significantly higher in these patients than in patients with lower levels of troponin T (11.8 percent vs. 3.9 percent, P 0.001). The troponin T level was the variable most strongly related to 30-day mortality (chi-square 21, P 0.001), followed by the electrocardiographic category (chi-square 14, P 0.003) and the CK-MB level (chi-square 11, P 0.004). Troponin T levels remained significantly predictive of 30-day mortality in a model that contained the electrocardiographic categories and CK-MB levels (chi-square 9.2, P 0.027). Conclusions The cardiac troponin T level is a powerful, independent risk marker in patients who present with acute myocardial ischemia. It allows further stratification of risk when combined with standard measures such as electrocardiography and the CKMB level. (N Engl J Med 1996;335:1333-41.)
Ocean Circulation Kinetic Energy: Reservoirs, Sources, and Sinks

The ocean circulation is a cause and consequence of fluid scale interactions ranging from millimeters to more than 10,000 km. Although the wind field produces a large energy input to the ocean, all but approximately 10% appears to be dissipated within about 100 m of the sea surface, rendering observations of the energy divergence necessary to maintain the full water-column flow difficult. Attention thus shifts to the physically different kinetic energy (KE) reservoirs of the circulation and their maintenance, dissipation, and possible influence on the very small scales representing irreversible molecular mixing. Oceanic KE is dominated by the geostrophic eddy field, and depending on the vertical structure (barotropic versus low-mode baroclinic), direct and inverse energy cascades are possible. The pathways toward dissipation of the dominant geostrophic eddy KE depend crucially on the direction of the cascade but are difficult to quantify because of serious observational difficulties for wavelengths shorte.
Comparative study of gas sensing microsensors based on sulfonated CNTs and CNTs/Polyaniline mixture

Two gas microsensors, based on SWCNT, were obtained and used for different gases detection, like CO, NH3, CO2. On an interdigitized gold electrode structure were deposited, as active layers, sulfonated carbon nanotubes (s-CNTs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/Polyaniline (PANi) mixture, respectively. In order to obtain sulfonated CNT, the available CNTs were activated in a sulfuric acid solution, under different temperatures gradients ranging from 60°C to 300°C. With the obtained microsensors based on sulfonated CNTs, the response and recovery time where investigated and the results are presented and compared. In the case of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/Polyaniline (PANi) mixture the electrical conductivity of PANi in the deposited layer could be orders of magnitude boosted by controlled doping of polyaniline level in the relative carbon concentration. The obtained microsensors presents improved electrochemical activity and stability in their structure. An efficient low-powered sensor-system based on the presented microsensors represent a viable solution for possible practical application in the field of environmental monitoring, automation, nuclear industry, industrial process control, etc.