Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic analyses of Kindlins in mice

Article Chronology: Received 28 March 2006 Revised version received 6 June 2006 Accepted 13 June 2006 Available online 29 June 2006 The three Kindlins are a novel family of focal adhesion proteins. The Kindlin-1 (URP1) gene is mutated in Kindler syndrome, the first skin blistering disease affecting actin attachment in basal keratinocytes. Kindlin-2 (Mig-2), the best studied member of this family, binds ILK and Migfilin, which links Kindlin-2 to the actin cytoskeleton. Kindlin-3 is expressed in hematopoietic cells. Here we describe the genomic organization, gene expression and subcellular localization of murine Kindlins-1 to -3. In situ hybridizations showed that Kindlin-1 is preferentially expressed in epithelia, and Kindlin-2 in striated and smooth muscle cells. Kindlins-1 and -2 are both expressed in the epidermis. While both localize to integrin-mediated adhesion sites in cultured keratinocytes Kindlin-2, but not Kindlin-1, colocalizes with E-cadherin to cell-cell contacts in differentiated keratinocytes. Using a Kindlin-3-specific antiserum and an EGFP-tagged Kindlin-3 construct, we could show that Kindlin-3 is present in the F-actin surrounding ring structure of podosomes, which are specialized adhesion structures of hematopoietic cells. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Novel Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer and Phi Score

Yaz›flma Adresi / Address for Correspondance: Dr. Ahmet Hamdi Tefekli, Medical Park Tarsus Hastanesi, Üroloji Kliniği, Mersin, Türkiye Tel: 0532 564 64 99 E-posta: atefekli@yahoo.com doi:10.5152/tus.2012. 11 Giriş Prostat kanseri, batı toplumlarında erkeklerde en sık rastlanılan solid doku kanseridir. PSA’nın yaygın kullanımı ve tarama yöntemleri, tanı sıklığını arttırmış olsa da, prostat kanserine bağlı metastaz ve ölümleri belirgin olarak azaltmıştır. (1) Ancak PSA’nın bu denli yaygın kullanımı, klinik önemi olmayan prostat kanserlerine tanı konmasına (over-detection) ve bunların fazladan tedavi edilmesine (overtreatment) neden olmaktadır. (2, 3) Ayrıca, PSA her ne kadar prostat organına spesifik olsa da, prostat kanserine özgün değildir ve kanserin bioljik davranışını yansıtmaz. BPH ve prostat infeksiyonlarında da serum PSA düzeyleri yüksek olabilir. Tüm prostat epitel hücreleri, normal-hiperplastik veya infekte, PSA salgılayabilir. Bu nedenlerle, prostat kanseri ile ilgili yeni bio-belirteçlerin bulunması ve geçerliliklerinin kanıtlanması gerekmektedir. Yapılacak bir PubMed taramasında, anahtar kelimeler ‘Prostate cancer’ ve ‘Markers’ verildiğinde, karşımıza 10,000’e yakın makale çıkmakta, ve yıllar içinde bu sayının arttığı görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla, prostat kanserinde tarama ve belirteçeler konusunda tartışmalar ve araştırmalar büyük bir hızla evam etmektedir. PSA’nın 1979’daki ilk yayınlarını ve hızla klinik uygulamaya girmesini takip eden yıllarda, belirteçlerle ilgili yılda ortalama 200 makale yayınlanırken, 2011 yılında bu konu ile ilgili 737 makale yayınlanmıştır. Bu da, konunun çekiciliğini açıkca kanıtlamaktadır. Prostat kanserinde güncel olarak tarama ve tanı amaçlı kullanılan PSA’nin moleküler formları ve deriveleri bu özel sayıdaki diğer makalelerde yer almaktadır. Bu makale ise daha yeni kullanıma giren veya henüz araştırma aşamasında olan belirteçlere ve ‘Phi (prostate health index) indeksi’ne değinilecektir. Yazı, didaktik olması açısından, kan-doku ve idrar temelli belirteçler olmak üzere 3 ana alt başlıkta (Tablo 1) incelenecektir. (4-6)
Missed Diagnosis of Aspergillus Niger Peritonitis in a Peritoneal Dialysis Patient with Standard Culture: Might Enriched Blood Culture Materials have an Advantage?

1 Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Edirne, Turkey 2 Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Denizli, Turkey 3 Haydarpaşa GATA Training Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, İstanbul, Turkey 4 Haydarpaşa GATA Training Hospital, Department of Nephrology, İstanbul, Turkey 5 Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Ankara, Turkey doi: 10.5262/tndt.2016. 35
带状套作荫蔽及复光对不同大豆品种(系)生长及产量的影响

A field experiment was conducted to compare agronomic traits during shade and light recovery periods between high yield and low yield soybean cultivars undershade net or in "maize-soybean" relay strip intercropping in 2013 and 2014. Twenty typical soybean varieties with different yield levels in relay cropping in south of China were used. The results showed that during shade period stem dry weight and leaf dry weight were significantly lower than those of control, the dry weight ratio of stem and leaf was 58.4% and 41.6% respectively under shade. Compared with the high yield soybeans, low yield cultivars had significantly higher decline rate of aboveground dry weight, stem length, stem length/ stem diameter, stem length/ aboveground dry weight, stem length/ leaf area and the yield was positively correlated with aboveground dry weight, and negatively correlated with stem weight ratio during shade period. During light recovery period, aboveground dry weight and leaf area increased rapidly, soybean showed more leaf weight ratio, stem dry weight and leaf dry weight were 47.7% and 52.3% respectively at 30 days after the re- covery of light. High yield soybeans had significantly higher aboveground dry weight, leaf area, stem diameter, leaf weight ratio and significantly smaller stem length/ stem diameter, stem length/aboveground dry weight, stem length/leaf area. In light reco- very duration, yield was positively correlated with aboveground dry weight, stem diameter, leaf area, and leaf weight ratio, and
Quantitative Ultrasound Measurements at the Calcaneus in a Population of Urban Senegalese Women: Least Significant Difference and T-Score

Background: Bone ultrasound measurements can be used to evaluate osteoporosis in clinical practice. As with DXA, ultrasonography shows marked variations across racial groups. In the USA, quantitative ultrasound measures were higher in African-American women than in Caucasian women. Few data are available on these measures in African women, and there are no normative data for Senegalese women. Our objectives were to evaluate the least significant difference (LSD) and to establish reference values of quantitative ultrasound measures at the calcaneus in Senegalese women. Methods: Reference values were obtained in 50 healthy women aged 25-35 years. A UBIS 5000 ultrasound sonometer was used to determine speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and the Strength Index (STI) at both heels. Results: In the 50 healthy controls (mean age, 29.8 ± 3.7 years, mean height, 167.3 ± 5.8 cm, mean weight 68.1 ± 13.2 kg; 38 right-handed), BUA (mean of the two sides) was 72.24 ± 6.83 dB/MHz. BUA values were higher in women with regular sporting activities (n=10) and in those with higher body weight values, indicating an increase in bone mass associated with greater loads through the calcaneus. Conclusion: Quantitative ultrasound parameters measured at the calcaneus using a UBIS 5000 sonometer in Senegalese women showed similar reproducibility to that reported previously in Caucasian women examined using the same sonometer or a comparable sonometer. The mean BUA values in our reference population can be used to compute T-scores in individual female patients in Senegal. Our data support a link between greater mechanical loads and higher bone mass.
T-DM1 in der Therapie des metastasierten HER2-positiven Mammakarzinoms: Überblick und klinisches Fallbeispiel

Zusammenfassung Die Therapie der Patientin mit metastasiertem HER2-positivem Mammakarzinom besitzt einen hohen Stellenwert in der täglichen onkologischen Praxis. T-DM1, ein Antikörper-Wirkstoff-Konjugat aus Trastuzumab und Emtansin, ist seit September 2013 als neuer Wirkstoff in der Zweitlinientherapie des HER2-positiven metastasierten Mammakarzinoms zugelassen. Seine hohe therapeutische Effektivität bei gleichzeitig guter Verträglichkeit machen T-DM1 zur Standardtherapie beim HER2-positiven metastasierten Brustkrebs nach Versagen von Trastuzumab und Taxanen. Zahlreiche klinische Studien zum Einsatz von T-DM1 in der Erstlinie bzw. als (neo)adjuvante oder post(neo)adjuvante Therapie laufen und werden in Zukunft möglicherweise zu einer Erweiterung des Indikationsgebiets führen.
Protein Requirements for Athletes

involved in almost every structural and functional component of the body. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for protein is 0.8 g/kg/d for sedentary adults. However, the RDA for protein is intended to replace losses and prevent a nutrient deficiency in sedentary adults. It does not represent an optimal level of intake for athletes. A substantial body of research suggests that athletes and active individuals benefit from a higher intake of 1.2 to 1.7 g/kg/d of protein to:
SATB1 is an independent prognostic marker for gastric cancer in a Chinese population

Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1), a new type of gene regulator, has been reported to express in various human cancers and may associate with the malignant potential. However, there are few data available on SATB1 expression and its relationship to tumor progression in gastric cancer. The current study was designed to examine the SATB1 expression in gastric cancer and to correlate it with clinical outcome. SATB1 expression was studied by qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The correlations between SATB1 expression and clinicopathological factors were statistically analyzed. SATB1 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in gastric cancer specimens as compared with that in normal tissues (P<0.001). Overexpression of SATB1 protein was observed in gastric cancer cell lines by western blotting. Fifty-three (44.9%) cases showed positive staining for the SATB1 proteins by immunohistochemistry. The expression of SATB1 mRNA agreed well with the western blotting and immunohistochemical findings (P<0.001). SATB1 expression was positively correlated with age, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and TNM stage. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that SATB1 overexpression was associated with a significantly worse survival (P<0.001). Further multivariable analysis indicated that SATB1 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for gastric cancer (P=0.023). In summary, overexpression of SATB1 correlated with metastatic potential of human gastric cancer and would be a novel independent prognostic marker for predicting the outcome of gastric cancer.
Effects of short chain fatty acid (SCFA) supplementation on performance and egg characteristics of old breeder hens (Short commu

A study was conducted to determine the effect of supplementing the diet of breeder hens with a shortchain fatty acid (SCFA) premix, containing 509 g fatty acid salts/kg of which 285 g were calcium butyrate, on their eggshell characteristics and the hatching percentage of the eggs. One thousand six hundred 66-week old White Bovans laying breeder hens were used in this experiment. They were housed in eight identical pens, each containing 200 birds, and four pens were used per treatment. The SCFA premix was included at 1000 mg/kg in the treatment diet, and fed for a period of nine weeks. Responses were compared with an unsupplemented treatment. Supplementation started when the hens were 66 weeks old. From day 75 eggs were collected for the next seven weeks and the occurrence of cracked, dirty and misshapen eggs was recorded, and the hatching percentage of the eggs was determined. Eggshell strength was lower in eggs from the control (1.76 ± 0.05) than from the treatment group (2.07 ± 0.03). The percentage of eggs produced by the control group (68.6 ± 0.08) was significantly lower than that by the supplemented group (71.5 ± 0.15). Percentage of dirty, cracked and misshapen eggs, and the hatchability percentage of the control group (1.15 ± 0.03, 3.44 ± 0.05, 6.27 ± 0.03 and 88.93 ± 0.06, respectively) were also significantly lower than in the group receiving SCFA (0.47 ± 0.03, 2.21 ± 0.03, 3.81 ± 0.03 and 93.36 ± 0.05, respectively). It was concluded that dietary supplementation of SCFA to layer breeder hens from 66 weeks of age onwards improved eggshell strength, reduced the percentage of dirty, cracked and misshapen eggs and increased the hatching percentage of the eggs. The positive responses were suggested to be largely due to the butyrate in the SCFA.
Spatial resolution comparison of a diffractive plenoptic camera and an intermediate image diffractive plenoptic camera

Abstract. The diffractive plenoptic camera (DPC) was developed as a system that would capture the spectral and spatial information of a scene in one snapshot. While the DPC couples a diffractive optic with plenoptic camera designs to provide snapshot spectral imaging capabilities, it produces rendered images with low pixel count and low spatial resolution. A modified setup of the DPC, the intermediate image (II)DPC, was built and tested for the first time and compared to both the DPC and a diffractive-optic camera as a system that could improve the cutoff spatial frequency of the rendered images. This paper reports on the spatial resolution achieved for different configurations of the IIDPC and looks at the factors limiting performance. The IIDPC improved on the cutoff spatial resolution over the DPC over a wavelength range of 750 to 790 nm for a design wavelength of 770 nm and improved resolution over a diffractive-optic camera at wavelengths below 750 nm or above 790 nm, with the best results achieved for IIDPC configurations with the largest magnification. Frequency analysis of each system determined that the optic limiting performance was the microlens array. Models showed that decreasing the microlens size improved resolution but reduced the spectral range for the DPC, while decreasing the f / # of the microlenses improved the resolution for the IIDPC. These results will help optimize the designs of future systems.
Gene Transfer in Rodent Nervous Tissue Following Hindlimb Intramuscular Delivery of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Serotypes AAV2/6, AAV2/8, and AAV2/9

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have emerged as the safe vehicles of choice for long-term gene transfer in mammalian nervous system. Recombinant adeno-associated virus–mediated localized gene transfer in adult nervous system following direct inoculation, that is, intracerebral or intrathecal, is well documented. However, recombinant adeno-associated virus delivery in defined neuronal populations in adult animals using less-invasive methods as well as avoiding ectopic gene expression following systemic inoculation remain challenging. Harnessing the capability of some recombinant adeno-associated virus serotypes for retrograde transduction may potentially address such limitations (Note: The term retrograde transduction in this manuscript refers to the uptake of injected recombinant adeno-associated virus particles at nerve terminals, retrograde transport, and subsequent transduction of nerve cell soma). In some studies, recombinant adeno-associated virus serotypes 2/6, 2/8, and 2/9 have been shown to exhibit transduction of connected neuroanatomical tracts in adult animals following lower limb intramuscular recombinant adeno-associated virus delivery in a pattern suggestive of retrograde transduction. However, an extensive side-by-side comparison of these serotypes following intramuscular delivery regarding tissue viral load, and the effect of promoter on transgene expression, has not been performed. Hence, we delivered recombinant adeno-associated virus serotypes 2/6, 2/8, or 2/9 encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), under the control of either cytomegalovirus (CMV) or human synapsin (hSyn) promoter, via a single unilateral hindlimb intramuscular injection in the bicep femoris of adult C57BL/6J mice. Four weeks post injection, we quantified viral load and transgene (enhanced green fluorescent protein) expression in muscle and related nervous tissues. Our data show that the select recombinant adeno-associated virus serotypes transduce sciatic nerve and groups of neurons in the dorsal root ganglia on the injected side, indicating that the intramuscular recombinant adeno-associated virus delivery is useful for achieving gene transfer in local neuroanatomical tracts. We also observed sparse recombinant adeno-associated virus viral delivery or eGFP transduction in lumbar spinal cord and a noticeable lack thereof in brain. Therefore, further improvements in recombinant adeno-associated virus design are warranted to achieve efficient widespread retrograde transduction following intramuscular and possibly other peripheral routes of delivery.
Traumatic Brain Injury and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Comorbid Consequences of War

Scientific literature is reviewed supporting a “consequence of war syndrome (CWS)” in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn soldiers. CWS constituents include chronic pain and insomnia, other physical complaints, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and neuropsychological deficits. The foundation of CWS lies with the chronic stressors inherent to deployment and the cascade of biological events mediated and maintained by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation. Such dysregulation is modified by the individual’s specific experiences at war, difficulty reintegrating to post-deployment life, and the onset or exacerbation of the chronic and comorbid physical, emotional, and cognitive disorders. The circuit network between the prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala, and hippocampus is particularly sensitive to the consequences of war. The review’s specific conclusions are as follows: HPA axis dysregulation contributes to the chronic insomnia and hyperarousal seen in soldiers. There is considerable symptom overlap between PTSD and blast-related head injury, and it is difficult to determine the relative contributions of the two disorders to abnormal imaging studies. In some cases, traumatic brain injury (TBI) may directly precipitate PTSD symptoms. While not intuitive, the relationship between TBI and postconcussion syndrome appears indirect and mediated through PTSD. Blast-related or conventional head injury may have little long-term impact on neuropsychological functioning; contrarily, PTSD particularly accounts for current cognitive deficits. The psychological experience of CWS includes a “war-within” where soldiers continue to battle an internalized enemy. Successful treatment of CWS entails transdisciplinary care that addresses each of the constituent disorders.
Elderly Inner City Women Who Return Home to Live Alone

This study examined the status of 107 elderly inner city women who returned to their home after being in a geriatric rehabilitation unit at a large urban medical center. Prior to admission, all women had been living at home alone. After rehabilitation, 50 of the women were discharged directly to their homes, 26 followed within 3 months, 11 were back home alone by 6 months, and 20 additional women were still not home by 6 months. Results showed that, as measured by standardized assessments of physical functioning and cognition, the women who were most functionally independent returned home alone more quickly. Furthermore, those who achieved live-alone status some time after discharge (but not at discharge) did not report the same level of self-care and home maintenance task independence as women who were discharged home alone immediately at discharge. The findings raise questions about the minimum level of functional performance required to return home alone and the interaction of functional ability, assistance from others, and a variety of social and environmental factors on live-alone status.
Evaluation of the weight loss of raw beef cuts vacuumpackaged with two different techniques

In the present study, 25 cuts of shank form adult cattle coming from the same slaughtering batch, were withdrawn just after manual sectioning/deboning, and each divided into two pieces (Prox and Dist) of approximately the same weight, that were vacuum packaged by using two different packaging systems: vacuum chamber machine with a bag material and a thermoforming packaging machine with top and bottom webs named BAG and THF respectively. The packed cuts were stored at 2-3°C for 20 days. The drip loss was calculated at the end of the storage as the difference between drained weight and net. Internal muscle pH and pH of the exudate present in the package and microbiological analyses (by pooling the samples) were performed at T0 and at the end of the storage. The drip loss, was significantly lower with BAG packaging: this difference was evident after 20 days of storage (average ± STD BAG vs THF = 1.04±0.36% vs 1.71±0.42%; P<0.01). The values were, in general, low for both the packaging systems, never above 2%. Moreover, shrink bag packages are characterized by better overall pack appearance and less plastic weight per pack. Forming step reduce the thickness of thermoforming material lowering the mechanical resistance and the barrier to oxygen, on the contrary after shrinking bag materials are thickened. The pH of muscles was stable, although a slight increase was evidenced after 20 (average ± STD BAG vs THF= 5.73±0.05 vs 5.78±0.09; P<0.01), due to the ageing of meat. The pH of the exudate was equal at T20 (average ± STD BAG vs THF = 5.34±0.20 vs 5.33±0.17). The drip loss didn’t influence the development of all the microflora; in particular LAB, that represented the main microbial population, showed a gradual increase from T0 (2.20±0.41 Log CFU/g) to T20 (average ± STD BAG vs THF= 4.76±0.29 Log CFU/g vs 4.75±0.0.15 Log CFU/g). Enterobacteriaceae showed an increase, if compared to the initial counts, due to the prolonged storage and the gradual growth of ephemeral microorganisms, without differences among the two series (Enterobacteriaceae: T0=<1.7 Log CFU/g to T20 average ± STD BAG vs THF = 2.83±0.77 Log CFU/g vs 3.09±0.0.70 Log CFU/g). In conclusion, the use of the BAG system demonstrated to have an effect in reducing the drip loss of beef cuts during the refrigerated storage, with only slight influence on the other characteristics of raw meat.