Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Comparative Study of The Large for Gestational Age Prevalence in Neonate of Diabetic Pregnant Women Between The Optimal and Suboptimal Glycemic Control Groups

Objective: To compare the prevalences of LGA (large for gestational age) newborns in diabetic pregnant women between the optimal glycemic control and suboptimal glycemic control. Materials and Methods: Total of 228 women, delivered at Ramathibodi Hospital between March 2010-December 2012, 114 women in each group, were enrolled. The medical records were reviewed for necessary data. The primary outcome were the prevalences of LGA in both groups and the secondary outcome were the prevalences of neonatal hypoglycemia. Results: The prevalence of LGA newborns in suboptimal controlled group was higher than in optimal controlled group (n = 33, 28.95% and n = 7, 6.14%, respectively) with the relative risk of 4.71 (95% CI; 2.18, 10.21). The factors that found the association with LGA newborns were prepregnant BMI and types of DM. Adjusted relative risk for both factors of the LGA in suboptiamal controlled group was 3.59 (95% CI; 1.60, 8.06 ). The prevalence of neonatal hypoglycemia were not different. (7.02% in suboptimal controlled group and 3.51% in optimal controlled group) Conclusion: Suboptimal glycemic controlled pregnant women were found increase risk of LGA newborns. The prevalence of neonatal hypoglycemia was not different.
Comparing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP): analysis of differences in light absorption and light‐use efficiency

Twelve global net primary productivity (NPP) models were compared: BIOME3, CASA, CARAIB, FBM, GLO‐PEM, HYBRID, KGBM, PLAI, SDBM, SIB2, SILVAN and TURC. These models all use solar radiation as an input, and compute either absorbed solar radiation directly, or the amount of leaves used to absorb solar radiation, represented by the leaf area index (LAI). For all models, we obtained or estimated photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the canopy (APAR). We then computed the light use efficiency for NPP (LUE) on an annual basis as the ratio of NPP to APAR. We analysed the relative importance for NPP of APAR and LUE. The analyses consider the global values of these factors, their spatial patterns represented by latitudinal variations, and the overall grid cell by grid cell variability. Spatial variability in NPP within a model proved to be determined by APAR, and differences among models by LUE. There was a compensation between APAR and LUE, so that global NPP values fell within the range of ‘generally accepted values’. Overall, APAR was lower for satellite driven models than for the other models. Most computed values of LUE were within the range of published values, except for one model.
Intra- and interspecific variation in tooth morphology of Procyon cancrivorus and P. lotor (Carnivora, Proocyonidae), and its bearing on the taxonomy of fossil South American procyonids

The family Procyonidae (raccoons, coatis, olingos, ringtails, kinkajous, and their extinct relatives) consists of six extant genera and is restricted to North and South America. Currently recognized fossil species suggest that procyonid diversity was previously much greater, including six extinct genera throughout South America. However, it is unusual that so many confamilial taxa are represented in a relatively brief span of time and restricted geographic region, and, considering that six of ten are based on badly preserved specimens, often fragments of bone with worn teeth, the validity of many of these taxa is suspect. As a step towards reevaluating past procyonid diversity in South America, we sought to identify the degree of intra- and interspecific variation in six molariform teeth of extant Procyon , particularly to identify which teeth are potentially most useful for identifying fossil procyonids. The six molariform cheek teeth analyzed consistently yielded smaller intra- than interspecific variation, permitting high accuracy of taxonomic classification. However, this accuracy varied by tooth, and the upper and lower first molars proved to be the most reliable. Thus, these particular teeth should be preferred, if available, as bases for recognizing extinct species of procyonids or reevaluating currently recognized extinct species, as a means to prevent nomina dubia .
The Economic Costs of Unsupplied Electricty: Evidence from Backup Generation among African Firms

Public electricity provision in Africa has been marred by under investment and frequent power outages.One of the strategies often adopted by firms to cope with this poor public supply is investment in backup generation. This strategy is not without cost however. Extant literatures on outage cost estimation have shown that firms possessing certain characteristics have a higher tendency to invest in backup generation. What is less known, however, is whether those firms suffer lesser or higher unmitigated outage losses (costs). Using cross-sectional data from 6854 firms currently operating in 12 African countries, this study investigated the extent to which firmsâ€™ characteristics might create incentives for auto-generation and whether these incentives lead to lesser unmitigated outage costs.We used three different methods including marginal cost, incomplete backup and subjective evaluation techniques. The results reveal that large firms, firms engaging in exports, and those using the Internet for their operationstill suffer higher unmitigated outage costs despite having a higher propensity of investing in backup generation. The results further reveal that unmitigated costs still account for the larger proportion of the total outage costs despite high prevalence of backup ownership among the firms. This reflects the inefficiency in backup generation due to small backup capacity held by firms. Our estimates also indicate that ignoring firms'characteristics such as size and the nature of operation (e.g. export promotion, internet usage, etc.) may result in underestimation of outage losses. The analysis further suggests that firms can still benefit significantly even when the current subsidised tariffs are replaced by cost-reflective rates that ensure stable electricity supply. The net outage cost (having adjusted for a cost-reflective tariff) incurred by firms are large enough to expand their scope of operation and hire more workers, suggesting the macroeconomic effect could be significant.
Non-optionality at Zulu L2 first syntax

The Valueless Features Hypothesis of Eubank (1993/94; 1994; 1996) proposes that certain types of apparently optional syntactic processes that appear in initial and not in mature state grammars are due to a lack of specification of inflectional feature values at the initial state of grammatical knowledge. Thus the apparent optionality in the placement of medial adverbs vis-a-vis thematic or finite main verbs evident in the early stages of second language (L2) acquisition is attributed to non-transfer of the strength values of morphological features instantiated in the learners' first language (LJ). This paper provides experimental evidence from Zulu L2 acquisition of verb raising by English native speakers, which suggests non-optionality in the early developmental stages of L2 syntax. The paper suggests that the initial obligaloriness of a non-verb raising syntactic analysis evident in the early stages of Zulu L2 acquisition is LJ -based; indicating transfer of [- strong] Vfeatures in T instantiated in English. Die 'Valueless Features Hypothesis' van Eubank' (1993/94; 1994; 1996) stel voor dat sekere tipes skynbare opsionele sintaktiese prosesse wat by aanvanklike grammatikas voorkom, maar nie by grammatikas in 'n gevorderde stadium nie, die gevolg is van 'n gebrek aan spesifikasie van infleksionele kenmerkwaardes tydens die aanvanklike stadium van grammatikale kennis. Derhalwe word die skynbare opsionaliteit in die plasing van tussenbywoorde teenoor tematiese of hoofwerkwoorde in 'npersoonsvorm wat by die vroee stadiums van die aankweek van 'n tweede taal (L2) duidelik blyk, toegeskryf aan die nie-oordrag van die kragwaardes van morfologiese kenmerke wat in die leerder se eerste taal (LJ) geinstansieer is. Hierdie skripsie lewer eksperimentele bewyse van werkwoordverheffing by die aanleer van Zulu (L2) deur aangebore Engelssprekendes, wat nie-opsionaliteit in die vroee ontwikkelingstadia van L2- sinsleer suggereer. Die skripsie stel voor dat die aanvanklike verpligting van 'n niewerkwoordverhejJende sintaktiese ontleding, wat in die vroee stadium by die aanleer van Zulu L2 voorkom, L1-gebaseer is; wat dui op 'n oordrag van [- sterk} V-kenmerke in T wat in Engels geinstansieer is.
Zmienność rytmu serca a polimorfizm I/D genu konwertazy angiotensyny u chorych z niewydolnością serca

Wstep: W niewydolności serca (HF) obserwuje sie zaburzenia czynności ukladu autonomicznego, prawdopodobnie zlozonej natury, cześciowo dające sie tlumaczyc zwiekszoną aktywacją ukladu renina-angiotensyna. Celem pracy byla ocena, czy istnieją powiązania pomiedzy genotypem ACE a parametrami zmienności rytmu serca (HRV) u chorych z niewydolnością serca. Material i metody: U 60 chorych z wyrownaną HF w klasie I–IV wedlug NYHA i frakcją wyrzutową lewej komory wynoszącą ponizej 45% przeprowadzono analize czasową HRV na podstawie 24-godzinnej rejestracji EKG metodą Holtera oraz określono genotyp ACE, stosując metode lancuchowej reakcji polimerazy. Wyniki: Rozklad genotypow byl zgodny z oczekiwanym wedlug reguly Hardy-Weinberga i wynosil 15 (25%) — II, 25 (42%) — ID i 20 (33%) — DD. Rozklad genotypow byl podobny u pacjentow z kardiomiopatią niedokrwienną i rozstrzeniową. Nie stwierdzono istotnych roznic w podstawowej charakterystyce klinicznej oraz stosowanym leczeniu miedzy grupami z genotypami II, ID i DD. Parametry HRV nie roznily sie znacząco miedzy grupami z genotypami DD, ID oraz II, a takze miedzy grupą z genotypem DD i polączoną z genotypami ID oraz II. Wnioski: Nie potwierdzono związkow pomiedzy parametrami analizy czasowej HRV a polimorfizmem genu ACE u pacjentow z HF, niezaleznie od choroby podstawowej. Wyniki te są zgodne z danymi przedstawionymi w pracach, w ktorych poddano w wątpliwośc znaczenie genotypu ACE w chorobach ukladu krązenia (Folia Cardiol. 2005; 12: 364–369).
What is the Role of Higher Wage Flexibility of New Hires for Optimal Monetary Policy?

Higher wage flexibility of new hires is introduced as an extension of the baseline model in Gali (2010), combining the New Keynesian monetary analysis framework with labor market frictions. It was shown that the possibility of higher wage flexibility of new hires has an implication forcrucial labor market decisions made by households and firms,as well as on the form of social welfare loss function that is used to evaluate alternative monetary policies. Obtained extension allows one to conduct normative monetary policy analysis for different scenarios of degrees of higher wage flexibility fornew hires. Optimal monetary policy in the presence of higher wage flexibility of new hires is characterized by a higher incentive to make inflation more stable and by less incentive to facilitate adjustment of real wages in response to real shocks. Thus, the possibility of higher wage flexibility of new hires provides support toward more strict inflation targeting in the presence of nominal price and wage rigidities
Coupling Microscopic Simulation and Macroscopic Optimization to Improve Earthwork Construction Processes

This paper presents a novel method for improving earthwork construction processes by coupling microscopic process simulation and macroscopic optimization approaches. It is designed as an iterative process where simulation and optimization procedures alternate with one another and exchange data with each other. The optimization module determines the optimal allocation of earthwork masses from cut to fill areas, in the first cycle with respect to distances and later in terms of haulage time. The generated output is used in the simulation module for routing the transport vehicles accordingly. Subsequently, the process time is determined in the simulation procedure by including diverse microscopic conditions. The resulting process time on each route is then used in the next optimization step as input for optimizing the earthwork allocations. The coupling cycle is repeated iteratively until the total earthwork process time converges. Initial tests based on input data of real high-way construction projects record a significant reduction in the total earthwork process time.
Lorentz violation, M\"oller scattering and finite temperature

Lorentz and CPT symmetries may be violated in new physics that emerges at very high energy scale, i.e., at the Planck scale. The differential cross section of the M\"oller scattering, due to Lorentz violation at finite temperature is calculated. Lorentz-violating effects emerge from an interaction vertex due to a CPT-odd nonminimal coupling in the covariant derivative. The finite temperature effects are determined using the Thermo Field Dynamics (TFD) formalism.
USING CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS AND ITS DISTANCE TO EVALUATE THE COMPONENTS OF A NAMING TEST FOR STUDYING APHASIA

Resumo: Analises exploratorias de dados Multidimensionais foram usadas para avaliar dois componentes de um teste de nomeacao para o estudo do acesso lexical em pacientes com afasia, ou seja, o acordo de nomeacao de imagens e a idade de aquisicao de nomes relacionados a um teste de origem internacional. Para o estudo ser confiavel as imagens devem ser inequivocamente reconhecidas por qualquer individuo usando a mesma palavra/imagem. Suposicoes teoricas sobre as palavras afirmam que palavras adquiridas mais tarde na aprendizagem tendem a serem as primeiras a serem perdidas devido a um dano cerebral em afasia. Assim, estas duas variaveis sao importantes preditoras da recuperacao de palavras. Primeiro selecionamos as imagens de reconhecimento com juizes normais; entao, as classificamos com relacao a sua primitividade. Estas imagens foram submetidas a dois conjuntos de juizes, que tiveram que responder de acordo com duas diferentes escalas. Os dados foram analisados com tecnicas de Analises Exploratorias Multidimensionais, incluindo Analises de Correspondencias Simples e Multiplas, Analise de Componentes Principais e Analise Fatorial Multipla. Com esta comparacao nao observamos diferenca significativa devidos ao uso das duas escalas. Este trabalho foi feito durante a visita do prof. Camiz a UFRJ, em abril 2013, apoiada pela FAPERJ, processo APV-E-26/110.018/2013, foi enviado para o ”WORKSHOP ON DISTANCE GEOMETRY AND APPLICATIONS - DGA’2013” e sera publicado em suas atas.
Remixing Music Together:The Use and Abuse of Virtual Studio Software as a Hobby

Remixing and producing music in a virtual (digital) music studio is, for some people, a career (i.e. writing a jingle for an advertisement, a film score, or similar), and for others, it is a hobby with no such defined goals and no defined methods with which to undertake it. For hobbyists, there is a notable lack of dependency on being able to produce a finalised end-result, and a notable lack of tried and tested routines for producing results. This chapter presents various aspects of ‘constructing a remix’ as a leisure activity, where there are no guidelines or restrictions on the ultimate end-result (i.e. there is no ‘ideal song’ to orient the day’s efforts towards), few abiding standards on either what a desired outcome may sound like or the methods by which such a remix may be generated. This analysis concerns how an activity in which those involved have no real dependency on the outcome (other than their own enjoyment) is ordered and organised through the use of available technologies and the management of creative ideas.
ECOLOGIA DAS COMUNIDADES DE METAZOÁRIOS PARASITOS DE CINCO ESPÉCIES DE ESCOMBRÍDEOS (PERCIFORMES: SCOMBRIDAE) DO LITORAL DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL*

ALVES, D.R. ; LUQUE, J.L. [Community ecology of the metazoan parasites of five Scombrid species (Perciformes: Scombridae), from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ] Ecologia das comunidades de metazoários parasitos de cinco espécies de escombrídeos (Perciformes: Scombridae), do litoral do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, v. 15, n. 4, p. 167-181, 2006. Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23890-000, Brasil. E-mail: jlluque@ufrrj.br From June 2001 to March 2004, 171 marine scombrid fishes (Perciformes: Scombridae) from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (21-23°S, 41-45°W) were necropsied to study their community metazoan parasites: 46 Euthynnus alleteratus (Rafinesque, 1810); 15 Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758); 30 Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793); 43 Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758 and 37 Scomberomorus brasiliensis Collette, Russo & Zavala-Camim, 1978. All specimens of E. alleteratus, K. pelamis and S. brasiliensis were parasitized by one or more metazoan species. In S. sarda and S. scombrus 96.7% and 60.4% of specimens were parasitized, respectively. Forty-four different metazoan parasites species were collected: 22 in E. alleteratus, 13 in K. pelamis, 14 in S. sarda, three in S. scombrus and 12 in S. brasiliensis. Euthynnus alleteratus is a new host record for 12 metazoan parasite species, K. pelamis and S. scombrus for one species each, S. sarda for eighth species and S. brasiliensis for five species. Nine parasites species were new geographical record. Fifteen species were common in at least two communities. The digeneans were the majority of the parasite specimens collected in E. alleteratus and S. brasiliensis with 85.7% and 72.5%, respectively. In K. pelamis and S. sarda the majority of the parasite specimens collected were cestodes and copepods, 64.5% and 62.9%, respectively. Only larval stages of nematodes were collected in S. scombrus. The parasite of 5 host species showed the typical aggregate pattern of distribution. Four cases of positive correlation and three cases of negative correlation between host’s length and prevalence and parasite abundance were found. The parasite community of K. pelamis showed the higher values of the mean parasite species richness and diversity. Only in S. scombrus the abundance and parasite species richness were correlates with the host’s length. Euthynnus alleteratus was the species with the higher number of ectoparasites (11), adult endoparasites (5) and larval stage of endoparasites (6). The infracommunities of larval stage of endoparasites showed correlation with the host’s length and abundance, parasite species richness, diversity and numerical dominance.
Particulate iron dynamics during FeCycle in subantarctic waters southeast of New Zealand

The FeCycle experiment provided an SF6 labeled mesoscale patch of high‐nitrate low‐chlorophyll (HNLC) water in austral summer 2003. These labeled waters enabled a comparison of the inventory of particulate iron (PFe) in the 45‐m‐deep surface mixed layer with the concurrent downward export flux of PFe at depths of 80 and 120 m. The partitioning of PFe between four size fractions (0.2–2, 2–5, 5–20, and >20 μm) was assessed, and PFe was mainly found in the >20‐μm size fraction throughout FeCycle. Estimates of the relative contribution of the biogenic and lithogenic components to PFe were based on an Al:Fe molar ratio (0.18) derived following analysis of dust/soil from the nearest source of aerosol Fe: the semi‐arid regions of Australia. The lithogenic component dominated each of the four PFe size fractions, with medians ranging from 68 to 97% of PFe during the 10‐day experiment. The Fe:C ratios for mixed‐layer particles were ∼40 μmol/mol. PFe export was ∼300 nmol m−2 d−1 at 80 m depth representing a daily loss of ∼1% from the mixed‐layer PFe inventory. There were pronounced increases in the Fe:C particulate ratios with depth, with a five‐fold increase from the surface mixed layer to 80 m depth, consistent with scavenging of the remineralized Fe by sinking particles and concurrent solubilization and loss of particulate organic carbon. Significantly, the lithogenic fraction of the sinking PFe intercepted at both 80 m and 120 m was >40%; that is, there was an approximately twofold decrease in the proportion of lithogenic iron exported relative to that in the mixed‐layer lithogenic iron inventory. This indicates that the transformation of lithogenic to biogenic PFe takes place in the mixed layer, prior to particles settling to depth. Moreover, the magnitude of lithogenic Fe supply from dust deposition into the waters southeast of New Zealand is comparable to that of the export of PFe from the mixed layer, suggesting that a large proportion of the deposited dust eventually exits the surface mixed layer as biogenic PFe in this HNLC region.
SYNTHESIS OF Mg/Al HYDROTALCITE-LIKE FROM BRINE WATER AND ITS APPLICATION FOR METHYL ORANGE REMOVAL: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

The objective of this research is to synthesis of Mg/Al hydrotalcite-like (Mg/Al HTlc) from brine water and its application as a methyl orange (MO) removal. The research initiated with the synthesis of Mg/Al HTlc from brine water, which is well known as the desalination process wastewater. Characterization of the Mg/Al HTlc synthesized was confirmed through X-ray Diffraction and FT-IR Spectroscopy. The determination of optimum acidity, adsorption rate, and energy and capacity adsorption were studied. The result showed that pH 4 was the optimum acidity for the adsorption of MO on Mg/Al HTlc. MO was adsorbed at pseudo-second order adsorption rate of 1.03 × 105 g mol-1 min-1 on the Mg/Al HTlc. The adsorption data fitted well into the linearly transformed Freundlich equation. Keywords: adsorption, brine water, methyl orange, Mg/Al hydrotalcite-like
Making Strange with the Falling Body in Interactive Technology Design

In this paper we present the beginnings of a methodology of making strange , that can support the design of movement-based interaction with video-based motion-sensing technologies. By making strange , we mean ways of un-settling habitual perceptions and conceptions of the moving body to arrive at fresh appreciations and perspectives that are anchored in the sensing, feeling, moving body. This approach is demonstrated through a discussion of a study of falling that was conducted with trained dancers and physical performers. Analysis was performed on the raw data from this study from two perspectives - an experiential perspective and an external or machine perspective - generating a range of different descriptions and representations of the moving body in the act of falling. The results of the study identified potential methods and tools for inclusion in the developing methodology of making strange .