Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arsenate and selenate reduction by some facultative bacteria in the Nile delta.

2 Abstract: Facultative anaerobic bacteria capable of reducing arsenate and selenate oxyanions were isolated from water and sediment samples collected from sites contaminated with industrial and agricultural wastes from Kafr el Dawar and Edko (Behera Governorate) and from kafr el Zayat (Gharbeya Governorate). Microbiological analysis and heavy metals determination of the collected samples was carried out. Three of the obtained isolates were identified by morphological and biochemical tests, these were Neisseria mucosa and Rahnella aquatilis (both are arsenate reducers) and Hafina alvei (a selenate reducer). The effect of some physical and chemical parameters on the growth and transformation efficiency of the three isolates was studied. Among the electron donors tested in the medium Na-lactate was preferred by Neisseria yielding the best growth, while Na-acetate and Na-formate were preferred by Hafnia and Rahnella, respectively. Selenate transformation by immobilized Hafnia cells was found to be positive and scanning electron microscope examination of the immobilized bacteria and precipitated selenium nanocrystals were observed. Differentiation and comparison of the three identified strains and six other bacterial isolates reducing selenate and arsenate was carried out by using restriction fraction length polymorphism (RFLP) technique and the similarity coefficient was determined for grouping the similar strains.
Prevention of Hepatitis B Recurrence in Liver Transplant Recipients Using Low Doses of Anti-Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin and Nucleoside Analogue

Received: 18-04-16 Accepted: 16-12-16 Abstract Introduction: Hepatitis B results in one million deaths every year and is is an important reason for liver transplantation. The use of anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin at high doses and nucleoside analogues have reduced reinfection of the graft by 90%. Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy of low doses of immunoglobulin to prevent reinfection of grafts after transplantation. Methodology: This is a retrospective study of a series of patients who had been transplanted and who received immunoglobulin after transplantation at the Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe between January 2004 and September 2014. Hepatitis B viral load, transaminase and serological markers were used to document relapses. Other variables studied included mortality, complications, graft dysfunction, adverse reactions and costs. Results: There were 18 patients with hepatitis B who had transplants: 50% had hepatocarcinoma, 22% had cirrhosis, and 22% had acute liver failure. The median follow-up time was 43.27 months with a range of 14.7 to 65.2 months. Two patients tested positive for surface antigen in the post-transplant period and one relapsed and had a positive viral load at 41 months. The graft reinfection rate was 5.5%. There were no deaths. It was estimated that the cost of using low doses of immunoglobulin was lower than that of using high doses at 6 months of therapy, but no cost-effectiveness study was done. Graft dysfunction was 10% to 33 months. Conclusion: Low doses of immunoglobulin prevented reinfection of grafts in a way that is similar to that reported in other series. While immunoglobulin free schemes have proven to be useful for the long term, low doses of immunoglobulin remain useful.
Effects of midlatitude westerlies on the paleoproductivity at the Agulhas Bank slope during the penultimate glacial cycle: Evidence from coccolith Sr/Ca ratios

Modern primary productivity on the Agulhas Bank, off South Africa, has been proposed to be linked to the midlatitude westerlies. A paleoproductivity record from this area may therefore resolve temporal changes in the westerly dynamics. Accordingly, we produced a coccolith Sr/Ca-based paleoproductivity record from core MD96-2080 (Agulhas Bank slope) during the penultimate glacial-interglacial cycle. Deriving the productivity signal from Sr/Ca requires a correction for a temperature effect, here constrained using Mg/Ca sea surface temperatures from the foraminifer Globigerina bulloides from core MD96-2080. Phases of depressed productivity coincided with periods of stratification in the same core, indicated by high relative abundances of the coccolithophore Florisphaera profunda and with low relative abundances of the upwelling indicator G. bulloides in the nearby Cape Basin. These observations collectively suggest that productivity was regulated by upwelling throughout this region. We infer that, as in the present, periods of low productivity result from a more northerly position of the westerlies, potentially accompanied by subtropical front displacements, and blockage of upwelling promoting easterlies. Productivity minima also coincide with periods of increased ice-rafted detritus (IRD) deposition on the Agulhas Plateau, which also indicates extreme northward positions of the westerlies. The influence of the westerlies appears to be obliquity conditioned, as productivity minima (and IRD maxima) occur during low-obliquity intervals. The dynamic connection between productivity and the westerlies is supported by coeval salinity changes in the South Indian Gyre that likewise respond sensitively to a poleward contraction of the westerlies.
Cache Coherence Protocols for Many-Core CMPs

Multi-core architectures have emerged as the best alternative to take advantage of the increasing number of transistors currently offered in a single die. For example, the dual-core IBM Power6 (Le et al., 2007) and the eight-core Sun UltraSPARC T2 (Shah et al., 2007) have a relatively small number of cores, which are typically connected through a shared medium, i.e., a bus or a crossbar. However, CMP architectures that integrate tens of processor cores (usually known as many-core CMPs) are expected for the near future, after Intel recently unveiled the 80-core Polaris prototype (Azimi et al., 2007). Since the area required by a shared interconnect becomes impractical as the number of cores grows (Kumar et al., 2005), it seems that the processing cores of future CMPs will be connected by means of unordered point-to-point networks. Hence, tiled CMP architectures (Taylor et al., 2002; Zhang & Asanovic, 2005), which are designed as arrays of replicated tiles connected over a point-to-point network, have arisen as a scalable alternative to current small-scale CMP designs and they will help in keeping complexity manageable. On the other hand, most CMP systems provide programmers with the intuitive sharedmemory model, which requires efficient support for cache coherence. Although a great deal of attention was devoted to scalable cache coherence protocols in the last decades in the context of shared-memory multiprocessors, the technological parameters and constraints entailed by many-core CMPs demand new solutions to the cache coherence problem (Bosschere et al., 2007; Azimi et al., 2007). In this chapter, we focus on three main design goals for cache coherence protocols aimed at being employed in many-core CMPs: performance, on-chip network traffic, and area requirements. For example, area constraints prevent from using an ordered interconnection network and, consequently, the popular snooping-based cache coherence protocol. Additionally, on-chip network traffic has been previously reported to constitute a significant fraction (approaching 50% in some cases) of the overall chip power (Wang et al., 2003; Magen et al., 2004). We will firstly describe two cache coherence protocols which are used in current commodity chip multiprocessors, discussing their scalability constraints and bottlenecks: Hammer, implemented in the AMD OpteronTM(Ahmed et al., 2002), and Directory used in Piranha (Barroso et al., 2000). Hammer avoids keeping coherence information at the cost of broadcasting requests to all cores. Although it is very efficient in terms of area requirements, it generates a prohibitive amount of network traffic, which translates into excessive power consumption. On the other hand, Directory reduces network traffic compared to Hammer by storing in a directory structure precise information about the private caches holding memory blocks. Unfor6
Joint Modelling of Multiple Network Views

Latent space models (LSM) for network data were introduced by Hoff et al. (2002) under the basic assumption that each node of the network has an unknown position in a D-dimensional Euclidean latent space: generally the smaller the distance between two nodes in the latent space, the greater their probability of being connected. In this paper we propose a variational Bayes approach to estimate the intractable posterior of the LSM. In many cases, different network views on the same set of nodes are available. It can therefore be useful to build a model able to jointly summarise the information given by all the network views. For this purpose, we introduce the latent space joint model (LSJM) that merges the information given by multiple network views assuming that the probability of a node being connected with other nodes in each network view is explained by a unique latent variable. This model is demonstrated on the analysis of two datasets: the excerpt of 50 girls from `Teenage Friends and Lifestyle Study' data at three time points and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetic and physical protein-protein interactions.
Optical properties of U 3P 4

Optical and magneto-optical properties of the non-collinear ferromagnet U 3 P 4 are studied theoretically over the broad energy range of 0—12 eV. The calculations are carried out in the framework of the local density functional theory treating the U 5f electrons as itinerant, and the results are compared with available experimental data. For low energies, below 5 eV, the agreement between theory and experiment is good. Above 5 eV, the theoretical optical characteristics exceed substantially the corresponding experimental values. Possible reasons for this difference are discussed. Much attention is devoted to the role played by the 5f electrons for the formation of the optical properties. To do this we determine the electronic structure and optical properties of Th 3 P 4 which, although similar in many respects to U 3 P 4 , does not possess occupied 5f states. Our results for Th 3 P 4 are compared with experimental data for Th 3 P 4 and theoretical results for U 3 P 4 in an attempt to relate the differences in the optical characteristics of both compounds to the effect of the U 5f electrons. By means of a model calculation we extract the contribution of the U 5f states to the optical properties of U 3 P 4 and find this contribution to be substantial for energies below E+3 eV. On the basis of good agreement between theory and experiment in this energy range we infer that in U 3 P 4 the U 5f electrons are itinerant. Finally, we discuss the influence of the non-collinearity of the magnetic structure on the optical properties of U 3 P 4 . ( 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 78.20. Ls; 85.70. sq; 71.25. P
NATURAL PRODUCTS AS POSSIBLE TREATMENTS OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS AND ITS COMPLICATIONS by JOHNETTA

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by inherited and/or acquired deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin that is produced. Such a deficiency results in increased concentrations of glucose in the blood, which in turn damages several physiological systems, in particular blood vessels and nerves. Recently compiled data from the World Health Organization (WHO) show that approximately 150 million people have diabetes mellitus worldwide, and that this number may well double by the year 2025. Protein glycation, or the reaction of biological amines with reducing sugars to form a complex family of rearranged and dehydrated covalent adducts, is implicated in the formation of diabetic complications. Although some plant extracts have been shown to inhibit glycation, the effect of extracts of food products on protein glycation has not received significant attention. In this dissertation, the effect of ethanolic extracts of muscadine grapes, sorghum bran, and Japanese knotweed on protein glycation are investigated. A very high antioxidant capacity is common to these three products. These studies show that each of these strongly inhibit protein glycation. Possible mechanisms for this inhibition are scavenging of free radicals that are produced in abundance in a hyperglycemic state during protein glycation or the complexing of metal ions that mediate the glycation reaction. This research, therefore, supports the rationale to incorporate muscadine grapes, sorghum bran, and Japanese knotweed into “functional foods” as a preventive of the complications of diabetes. INDEX WORDS: muscadine grape, sorghum bran, Japanese knotweed, protein glycation, diabetes mellitus, Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs)
Practical methods for graph two-sample testing

Hypothesis testing for graphs has been an important tool in applied research fields for more than two decades, and still remains a challenging problem as one often needs to draw inference from few replicates of large graphs. Recent studies in statistics and learning theory have provided some theoretical insights about such high-dimensional graph testing problems, but the practicality of the developed theoretical methods remains an open question. In this paper, we consider the problem of two-sample testing of large graphs. We demonstrate the practical merits and limitations of existing theoretical tests and their bootstrapped variants. We also propose two new tests based on asymptotic distributions. We show that these tests are computationally less expensive and, in some cases, more reliable than the existing methods.
The Role of Over-Nutrition and Obesity in Multiple Sclerosis

In countries with high standard of living, lowered risk of infectious diseases is parallel to increased incidence of autoimmune diseases. One of the autoimmune disorders, multiple sclerosis, affects genetically susceptible individuals. Genetic susceptibility is supposed to interact with lifestyle and environmental factors in developing autoim‐ munity in MS. From this point of view, epigenetics provides the bridge between the external environment and the internal genetic system. In MS, environmental burden can modulate gene expression by epigenetic modification of chromatin components, microRNAs or by subtle changes in DNA methylation. Our paper focuses on describ‐ ing the epigenetic mechanisms linking environmental factors with pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. We summarise current knowledge about the role of over-nutrition and obesity as epigenetic factors in multiple sclerosis.
SPACE-EFFICIENT IDENTITY-BASED ENCRYPTION

In 1984, Shamir [1] proposed a public-key encryption scheme such that the public key could be an arbitrary string, in particular, some form of unique identity of the user. This kind of scheme is known as Identity-Based Encryption (IBE). Shamir’s original motivation for constructing IBE was to simplify key management in email systems. There are two basic approaches to the construction of IBE system. The first one, upon which Boneh-Franklin [2] scheme in based, builds IBE systems using bilinear maps [3,4,5]. The resulting systems are efficient both in performance and ciphertext length. The second approach, due to Cocks [6], builds an elegant IBE system based on the quadratic residuosity problem modulo an RSA composite N. The ciphertext in this system contains two elements of Z/NZ to each bit of the plaintext. Hence, the encryption of an l-bit message yields a ciphertext of size 2l · log2N bits. For example, encrypting a 128-bit message using a 1024 bits modulo, the resulting ciphertext is of size 32678 bytes. For comparison, pairing based methods produce a 36 byte ciphertext. An open problem since Cocks scheme was the construction of a space efficient IBE scheme without pairings, namely a system with short ciphertexts. In 2007, Boneh, Gentry and Hamburg [7] proposed such a system. In their scheme, the ciphertext size is about l + log2N. Encrypting a 128-bit message produces a ciphertext of size 145 bytes. The security of the system is based on the quadratic residuosity problem. Encryption time in this system is quartic on the security parameter, while in the most part of practical public-key system the encryption is cubic on the security parameter. The objective of this work is to study and spell out the Boneh-Gentry-Hamburg scheme.
Energy resolved STM mapping of C60 on metal surfaces : a theoretical study

We present a detailed theoretical study of scanning tunneling imaging and spectroscopy of \Csixty on silver and gold surfaces, motivated by the recent experiments and discussion by X. Lu et al. [PRL \textbf{90}, 096802 (2003) and PRB \textbf{70}, 115418 (2004)]. The surface/sample/tip system is described within a self--consistent DFT based tight--binding model. The topographic and conductance images are computed at constant current from a full self--consistent transport theory based on nonequilibrium Green's functions and compared with those simulated from the local density of states. The molecular orbitals of \Csixty are clearly identified in the energy resolved maps, in close correspondence with the experimental results. We show how the tip structure and orientation can affect the images. In particular, we consider the effects of truncated tips on the energy resolved maps.
EXPLAINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT, JOB INVOLVEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR AMONG EMPLOYEES OF KHUZESTAN GAS COMPANY

The purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between variables of organizational commitment, job involvement and organizational citizenship behavior. The study population included 1276 employees of the gas company in Khuzestan province, and 296 subjects were selected according to Cochran formula. To collect data, questionnaires of OCB Podsakoff et al., (1990), organizational commitment of Allen and Meyer (2010), job involvement of Edward Zuchil Patrick (1984) were used. To analyze the data, Lisrel 8.80 and spss16 were used and results of structural equations and Pearson correlation coefficients indicated that there is significant relationship between organizational commitment and job involvement, between job involvement and organizational citizenship behavior and between organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior.
Inter-Dot Coupling in a Self-Assembled Quantum Dot System

We present studies of resonant excitation of self-assembled CdTe/ZnTe quantum dots. Photoluminescence excitation measurements revealed existence of sharp resonances, common for photoluminescence lines attributed to different quantum dot charge states. We conclude from the ensemble of photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation results that we observe energy transfer in coupled quantum dot pairs.
Quantifying rotifer species richness in temperate lakes

Summary 1. Biodiversity assessments of lakes depend on the ability to identify the complement of species present, although the degree of sampling required is often uncertain. We utilise long-term data to predict rotifer species richness in three habitats in three Polish lakes using rarefaction sampling methods. 2. Richness in littoral and psammon habitats did not saturate, even with up to 130 samples. Highest richness was observed in psammon habitat (119 species) in Lake Mikolajskie, followed by littoral habitat in Lakes Łuknajno (114 species) and Kuc (110 species). Littoral habitats in Lakes Łuknajno (56%) and Kuc (51%) had the most species not shared with other habitats in the same lake. 3. Species richness (Chao2) estimates ranged between 44 for pelagic and 135 for psammon habitat in Lake Mikolajskie, to 100 for psammon and 137 for littoral habitat in Lake Kuc, and 65 for pelagic and 162 for littoral habitat in Lake Łuknajno. Whole lake estimates were 167, 205 and 171 species, respectively, for these lakes, higher than the 150 to 160 species predicted by Dumont and Segers (Hydrobiologia, 1996, 341, 125). 4. Using standardised sampling, richness was significantly higher in littoral than either pelagic or psammon habitats. Contrasts of standardised rarefaction curves revealed that richness in Lakes Kuc and Mikolajskie was described as well by littoral-only or psammon-only samples, respectively, as by those randomly drawn from across all habitats in the lake. 5. Species richness estimates for Lake Mikolajskie were highest in summer, followed by autumn and spring. Interannual estimates differed by up to 427%, nearly an order of magnitude greater than maximal seasonal variation of 70%. 6. Results indicate that much higher sampling intensity is required to establish species richness than is presently carried out in most lakes. Because many species can be detected only with very intensive sampling, conservation programmes must consider sampling intensity when designing studies.
Discounting the future, yet again

The question of `discounting the future' is one on which philosophers and economists have divergent professional views. There is a lot of talking at cross-purposes across the disciplinary divide here; but there is a fair bit of confusion (I think) within disciplines as well. My aim here is essentially clarificatory. I draw several distinctions that I see as significant: • between inter-temporal and intergenerational questions • between price (discount rate) and quantity (inter-temporal and intergenerational allocations) as the ethically relevant magnitude, and • between price change and preference change as the primary instrument of change. I show that discounting does not violate the principle of inter-temporal and intergenerational neutrality, but I also cast some doubt on whether making adequate allowance for future generations has really been the problem that economists and philosophers seem to have taken it to be.
Market Model with Long-term Effects - Empirical Evidence from Finnish Forestry Returns

The aim of the study is to reformulate the conventional market model by considering also long-run characteristics of forestry returns. Finnish stumpage prices and the stock market index are found co-integrated. Co-integration relationship between timber and stock market indicates that there are factors in timber market like high transaction costs, illiquidity or temporal lack of information, and in the Finnish case, price recommendations that are priced by market. The presence of long-run effects may make the shortterm market model mis-specified and it may give misleading and incomplete results concerning the expected risk and return of forestry. In our case, the market model risk beta was only slightly biased. This study indicates that an error-correction model is more appropriate model than the market model.
Globally Optimal Segmentation of Permanent-Magnet Systems

Permanent magnets are used to generate magnetic fields in many different contexts, from accelerator and beamline infrastructure to electrical motors to medical devices. How should a limited number of magnets be shaped and laid out to most efficiently create the desired magnetic field? The authors show that in many cases this problem maps to the much simpler one of piecewise-linear approximation of a plane curve by perimeter maximization. The power of this approach is demonstrated with a number of examples.