Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pazar yönelimi ve firma performansı ilişkisi: Farklılaştırma stratejisinin aracı rolü

As one of the most salient strategic orientations, market orientation consists of organization-wide activities to provide unique and superior customer value and to understand and satisfy customer expectations and needs. However, in the rapidly changing competitive environment, rather than focusing on just market orientation, there is a need for competitive strategies that will strengthen and contribute to performance. In this study, we empirically investigated the relationship among the components of market orientation, differentiation strategy and firm performance (i.e. financial, market and innovation performance). By investigating 250 firms, this paper shows that a) the market orientation variables are positively related to differentiation strategy, b) differentiation strategy is positively associated with firm performance and c) differentiation strategy mediates the relationship between market orientation and firm performance.
Effect of varying degree of resampling on prediction accuracy for observed peptide count in protein mass spectrometry data

Class imbalance affects the learning of classifiers and it is almost ubiquitous in biological data sets. Resampling methods are one of the common methods for balancing imbalanced data sets. SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Oversampling Techniques) is one of the intelligent methods of oversampling. This study examines the performance of learning of machine learning algorithms at different balancing ratios of positive and negative samples in the training set, consisting of the observed peptides and absent peptides in MS experiment. Using SMOTE at different rates we achieved the best result with optimal balancing on boosted random forest that resulted in sensitivity of 92.1%, specificity value of 94.7%, and overall accuracy of 93.4%, MCC of 0.869 and AUC of 0.982 that are better than previously reported results. From the results of current experiments, it can be inferred that suitably modifying the class distribution, the performance of machine learning algorithms on the classification tasks can be enhanced.
Four Myths about America's Teacher Quality Problem

Few educational issues have received more attention in recent times than the problem of ensuring that our nation's elementary and secondary classrooms are all staffed with quality teachers. Concern with the quality of teachers is neither unique nor surprising. Elementary and secondary schooling are mandatory in the United States, and children are legally placed into the custody of teachers for a significant portion of their lives. The quality of teachers and teaching are undoubtedly among the most important factors shaping the learning and growth of students. Moreover, the largest single component of the cost of education is teacher compensation. Comments Reprinted from Developing the Teacher Workforce, 103rd Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, edited by Mark A. Smylie and Debra Miretzky (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2004), pages 1-33. This book chapter is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/gse_pubs/29
Plasticity in the Working Memory System: Life Span Changes and Response to Injury

Working memory acts as a key bridge between perception, long-term memory, and action. The brain regions, connections, and neurotransmitters that underlie working memory undergo dramatic plastic changes during the life span, and in response to injury. Early life reliance on deep gray matter structures fades during adolescence as increasing reliance on prefrontal and parietal cortex accompanies the development of executive aspects of working memory. The rise and fall of working memory capacity and executive functions parallels the development and loss of neurotransmitter function in frontal cortical areas. Of the affected neurotransmitters, dopamine and acetylcholine modulate excitatory-inhibitory circuits that underlie working memory, are important for plasticity in the system, and are affected following preterm birth and adult brain injury. Pharmacological interventions to promote recovery of working memory abilities have had limited success, but hold promise if used in combination with behavioral training and brain stimulation. The intense study of working memory in a range of species, ages and following injuries has led to better understanding of the intrinsic plasticity mechanisms in the working memory system. The challenge now is to guide these mechanisms to better improve or restore working memory function.
An Empirical Study on the Relationship of Market Orientation, Quality Orientation and Business Performance

Studying the impact of market orientation on business performance has been a popular research topic in recent years. However, there seems to be a lack of empirical studies that measure the relationship of market orientation and quality orientation and their impact on business performance, even though marketing and quality management are considered complementary business approaches. Based on 110 samples of Chinese enterprises, this research indicates that the quality orientation correlates positively with market orientation; market orientation of a firm affects positively its business performance. However, quality management alone does not appear to have a direct effect on performance success.
Customer decision making in fashion retailing: a segmentation analysis

Research into store image, market positioning and store choice has mainly been carried out in supermarkets or department stores and only a limited amount in speciality retailing. This study uses conjoint analysis to examine the way consumers choose where to purchase menswear fashion clothing, based on their perception and trade‐off of four attributes ‐ price, quality, selection and staff ‐ shown to be important in previous research. The results indicate that quality was the most important attribute to the respondents in this study. The paper concludes by analysing sub‐segments of shopping preferences for customers of Next for Men, a UK fashion retailer.
A Study on Customer Perception and Awareness in the Usage of Internet Banking

Internet banking is a subject receiving great attention in the banking industry and the regulatory body. As with other areas of e-commerce, discussions about Internet banking often proceed without reference to the actual state of market developments. This research describes the current state of Internet banking and discusses its implications for the banking industry. In today’s scenario most of banks offer Banking through the Electronic medium such as Internet, Mobile Banking as their distribution channels whereas a decade ago, all of this banks were generally offering their services only through the traditional way. Internet Banking’s impact on consolidation in the banking industry is uncertain. The economics of Internet banking may favor large institutions, either because of economies of scale and scope, or because of the need to advertise heavily and large capital investments. This research presents the related technology, security issues and data, drawn from a primary survey of some highly reputed banks that offers Internet banking facilities, on the products and services they offer. In addition to that, it investigates the profile of banks that offer Internet banking, using statistical analysis, relative to other banks with respect to profitability, cost efficiency, and other characteristics. The major tool for the data collection was a questionnaire. The study established that there was a significant positive relationship between Internet banking and customer satisfaction which is consistent with the findings.
GROWING APART TOGETHER: THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONTRASTING SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISMS IN SYMPATRIC SCELOPORUS LIZARDS

Comparative biologists often conceptualize sexual size dimorphism (SSD) as a static characteristic of adult populations, but recent work has emphasized that SSD reflects a developmental process in which males and females “grow apart” in body size. This ontogenetic perspective requires knowledge of (1) the demographic factors that give rise to SSD (e.g., differential survival, migration, or growth) and (2) the ontogenetic timing of these sexual differences (e.g., juvenile, maturational, or adult divergence). Together, such data help formulate testable hypotheses concerning proximate physiological mechanisms responsible for the development of SSD. To illustrate this approach, we present a case study of two sympatric lizard congeners with opposite patterns of SSD (Sceloporus virgatus: female-larger; S. jarrovii: male-larger). Using mark-recapture data, we show that (1) sex differences in survival and migration cannot account for SSD, and (2) both nonlinear growth models and age-specific linear growth rates identify sexually dimorphic growth as the cause of SSD in each species. SSD develops in S. virgatus because females grow more quickly than males, particularly during the spring mating season. By contrast, SSD develops in S. jarrovii because males grow more quickly than females throughout the first year of life, particularly in association with vitellogenesis and gestation in females. Thus, opposite developmental patterns of SSD in these species may reflect underlying differences in energetic trade-offs between reproduction and growth.
Advances in the application of endophyte on the remediation in heavy metal contaminated soils

Endophyte is an endosymbiont, often bacterium or fungus, that lives within plant tissues cells or tissues space for at least part of its life, without causing apparent disease. Due to its heavy metals resistance ability not only crating toxicity to the host plants, but also by various mechanism such as nitrogen fixation, solubilization of minerals, production of phytohormones, siderophores, utilization of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid as sole N source and transformation of nutrient elements, endophyte innovates new ways for heavy metal bio-remediation in the contaminated soils and water. In this review we highlight the diversity and plant growth promoting features of metal resistant endophytic bacteria and discuss their potential in phytoextraction of heavy metals from contaminated soils.
Optimal demand response strategy of a portfolio of multiple commercial buildings: Methods and a case study

Commercial building demand response control is an effective way to reduce summer electrical peak demand in cities. However, a portfolio of a large number of buildings has different demand response control strategies than individual buildings. In this article, an optimization method is proposed for scheduling demand response strategies for multiple commercial buildings that can be recognized as a multi-building portfolio during demand response. Through this optimal scheduling, decision makers can determine which buildings should participate in the demand response program that controls the strategies that should be used as well as the corresponding optimum starting/ending time. In this article, the optimal scheduling problem is converted into a time series 0-1 programming problem and is solved by the Branch and Bound method, with three optimization objectives of smooth reduction, maximum reduction, and maximum economic benefits. As a pilot demand response case test, the measured data for 18 large commercial buildings (as a multi-building portfolio) in a recent large-scale demand response experiment were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the optimal scheduling method. The results demonstrated that the optimal scheduling scheme can significantly improve the demand response effectiveness of a large number of buildings together.
Do SOX-Related Changes in Corporate Governance Practices Affect Stock Returns?

Governance characteristics from the years 2003 and 2005 were used to investigate the extent to which firms have had to change their governance practices because of the Sarbanes-Oxley legislation and related, contemporary regulations imposed by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The data confirms that firms changed a large number of governance practices in this time period, for SOX compliance and other reasons. This research finds that larger numbers of governance practice changes are associated with lower total investment returns during 2006, the three year period 2004-2006, and the five year period 2002-2006. These results suggest that even though firms may now be in compliance with new governance requirements, their previous weaknesses are still reflected in total returns.
Anaesthesia for laryngoscopy

Young 1 and others have described various techniques of anaesthesia for laryngoscopy and laryngeal biopsy. Although methods utilising local analgesia are effective in the majority of cases, many anaesthetists prefer to combine local analgesia and general anaesthesia, with or without the use of relaxants. The topical analgesic agent most commonly used for this purpose is lignocaine. However in some centres and especially in otolaryngological practice, the use of cocaine persists, its popularity being due largely to the excellent vasoconstriction produced. Unfortunately cocaine causes generalised sympathomimetic effects when it is absorbed. These are due to a disturbance of catecholamine metabolism and may easily be missed in the absence of suitable monitoring. The present study was designed to compare the effects of lignocaine and cocaine on systemic blood pressure, cardiac rate and rhythm. Further observations were made to assess the efficacy of propranol in the prevention and treatment of the cardiovascular effects of cocaine.
Standard for ERP as Cloud Computing

In the last years, Cloud computing for ERP systems provided solutions to the problems and difficulties encountered by conventional ERP systems. Many companies are evaluating the promised advantages and considering making use of cloud services. There are a lot of discussions about the role of standards in Cloud Computing. This research tries to investigate how beneficial it is to use standards for cloud computing to help organizations implementing ERP systems with less implementation cost and time. In this study we interviewed both ERP suppliers and buyers for their opinion about standard for ERP as a cloud computing. Interpretive research used to interpret what interviewees said and in what context to get a better understanding of the collected data. Most of the interviewed customers agreed about the benefits they may gain from such a standard and considered it theoretically and financially very feasible for them. Many ERP as service providers may not agree with an easy standardized interoperability mechanism, which will give total freedom to ERP on-demand clients to change providers easily. The proposed solution is to standardize the core functionalities of ERP as cloud service, where ERP as cloud service providers might provide basic standardized core functionalities, and can offer any distinction customized functionalities on the top of that core. This way, customers will have standardized interoperable solutions and providers will still have more option to compete with price and features.
Pharmacological Unmasking Microarray Approach-Based Discovery of Novel DNA Methylation Markers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

DNA methylation is one of the main epigenetic mechanisms and hypermethylation of CpG islands at tumor suppressor genes switches off these genes. To find novel DNA methylation markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we performed pharmacological unmasking (treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine or trichostatin A) followed by microarray analysis in HCC cell lines. Of the 239 promoter CpG island loci hypermethylated in HCC cell lines (as revealed by methylation-specific PCR), 221 loci were found to be hypermethylated in HCC or nonneoplastic liver tissues. Thirty-three loci showed a 20% higher methylation frequency in tumors than in adjacent nonneoplastic tissues. Correlation of individual cancer-related methylation markers with clinicopathological features of HCC patients (n = 95) revealed that the number of hypermethylated genes in HCC tumors was higher in older than in younger patients. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis revealed that the HIST1H2AE methylation status is closely correlated with the patient's overall survival (P = 0.022 and P = 0.010, respectively). In conclusion, we identified 221 novel DNA methylation markers for HCC. One promising prognostic marker, HIST1H2AE, should be further validated in the prognostication of HCC patients.
The Application and Improvement of XBRL in China’s Retail Industry in the Era of Big Data

With the continuous development of the Internet, the business mode of China’s retail industry is transformed the traditional entity store into online store. As a result, more comprehensive data will be produced and saved, which makes retailers get them more easily. China’s retail industry ushers the advent of the era of big data. How to excavate and make use of these data to become useful information is the key to the development of this industry. As a new financial reporting language, XBRL can process multidimensional data in complicated structure, tag metadata, retrieve data rapidly and precisely and extend tags. So, it has the ability to process big data. This article discusses how to use the characteristics of XBRL and the attribute of data to make connections among retailers’ financial information, its customer management, supplier management and order management, then help companies make business decisions and obtain greater value appreciation. On the basis of it, this article also suggests revising the XBRL taxonomy standard elements.
Strategic Uncertainty And Environmental Scanning: The Case For Institutional Influences On Scanning Behavior

This study examined the relationship between perceptions of strategic uncertainty and environmental scanning behaviors. It has been postulated that the strength of this relationship will depend on the combined effect of the environmental constraints and the prevailing approach to strategic decision making. A sample of 141 medium‐size Bulgarian companies, all of them operating in a highly constrained external environment and a business culture, characterized by a low degree of calculative strategic decision making, was used to test four hypotheses related to scanning behavior. The empirical findings of this study were then compared with the results of prior research on environmental scanning in the United States in order to draw conclusions for both the theory of scanning behavior and strategic management practice in various environments. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Financial reporting on the internet in South Africa

The inherent nature of the Internet affects financial reporting in the sense that information on a website is available to anyone, anywhere and at any time. Financial reporting on the Internet reduces the cost of financial reporting, makes instantaneous reporting a reality, adds breadth and depth to business reporting, allows analytical tools to be used on underlying business data and makes it easier to disseminate reports to any place in the world where there is a computer. A cursory exploration of financial reporting on the websites of South African companies reveals great variations in terms of the amount of content (e.g. summary financial statements vs detailed financial statements), the style of presentation (e.g. similar to paper‐based reports vs inclusion of multi‐media) and the manner in which companies incorporate navigation aids (e.g. hyperlinks, search boxes and others). The advantages of the Internet as a new mode of information dissemination are clear, but Internet financial reporting creates a number of challenges for companies and their auditors as well as for regulatory and standard‐setting organisations. This paper assesses Internet reporting in South Africa. It explores the manner in which financial and certain non‐financial information is presented on companies’ websites and determine whether reporting practices on the websites of South African companies differ fromthose of their international counterparts. The study revealed that although Internet usage in South Africa has expanded as a medium for presentation of financial information via companies’ websites, top South African companies use their websites as a bulletin board with limited real‐time financial information and note disclaimers.
Customer relationship management and performance, a resource-based view of Iranian internet service industry

There are many reports of little payback of customer relationship management (CRM) technologies. This paper investigates about different resources of CRM which should be taken to consideration by firms to enhance its payback. Based on resource based view of the firm, two CRM resources are identified: 'technological CRM resources' and 'infrastructural CRM resources'. The results of the empirical study on 77 Iranian internet service providers show that firms which have developed the CRM resources better, enjoy better firm performance. It also shows that CRM technology in itself can not create performance differences for firms.
Classification, interdisciplinarity, and the study of science

Purpose – This paper aims to respond to the 2005 paper by Hjorland and Nissen Pedersen by suggesting that an exhaustive and universal classification of the phenomena that scholars study, and the methods and theories they apply, is feasible. It seeks to argue that such a classification is critical for interdisciplinary scholarship.Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents a literature‐based conceptual analysis, taking Hjorland and Nissen Pedersen as its starting point. Hjorland and Nissen Pedersen had identified several difficulties that would be encountered in developing such a classification; the paper suggests how each of these can be overcome. It also urges a deductive approach as complementary to the inductive approach recommended by Hjorland and Nissen Pedersen.Findings – The paper finds that an exhaustive and universal classification of scholarly documents in terms of (at least) the phenomena that scholars study, and the theories and methods they apply, appears to be both possible and desirab.