Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel validated RP-HPLC method for the determination of anastrozole in bulk and pharmaceutical tablet dosage forms

An accurate, highly sensitive, precise, simple, efficient and reproducible, isocratic Reversed Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of anastrozole in pharmaceutical tablet dosage forms. RP-HPLC method was developed by using Welchrom C18 Column (4.6 X 250mm, 5μm), Shimadzu LC-20AT Prominence Liquid Chromatograph. The mobile phase composed of 10mM Phosphate buffer (pH-3.0, adjusted with triethylamine): acetonitrile (50:50 v/v). The flow rate was set to 1.0 mL/min with the responses measured at 215 nm using Shimadzu SPD-20A Prominence UV-Vis detector. The retention time of anastrozole was found to be 6.143 min. Linearity was established for anastrozole HCl in the range of 2-10 μg/mLwith correlation coefficient 0.999. The percentage recovery was found to be 99.84 % to 100.2%. Validation parameters such as specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were evaluated for the method according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2 R1 guidelines. The developed method was successfully applied for the quantification of bulk and active pharmaceutical ingredient present in tablet dosage form.
Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in HBsAg positive individuals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a crucial health problem with up to 350 million people infected globally. The epidemiological significance of HBV genotypes has been well established however, no such large scale data available for HBV genotypes and much little is known about the mixed infection with more than one HBV genotypes. The main aim of the present study was to determine the molecular characterization of HBV genotypes in HBsAg positive patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 713 HBsAg positive individuals were included in the present study. All the samples were confirmed for HBV DNA with nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and HBV DNA positive samples were further processed for HBV genotypes with type specific primers. This study demonstrated that genotype A (33.66%) is the predominant genotype followed by genotype D (29.5%), genotype C (2.10%), genotype F (1.40%) and mixed genotypes A+D (10.52%) while 5.9% of the samples were untypable. Genotype B and E was not found in this study. The current study shows the high frequency of genotype A and a heterogeneous distribution of HBV genotypes. Further study needs to investigate genetic and geographical divergence and characteristics of the virus in this area especially. Key words: Hepatitis B virus, HBsAg, HBV DNA, genotype, characterization.
Time-Varying Liquidity Risk and the Cross Section of Stock Returns

This paper studies whether stock returns' sensitivities to aggregate liquidity fluctuations and the pricing of liquidity risk vary over time. We find that liquidity betas vary across two distinct states: one with high liquidity betas and the other with low betas. The high liquidity-beta state is short lived and characterized by heavy trade, high volatility, and a wide cross-sectional dispersion in liquidity betas. It also delivers a disproportionately large liquidity risk premium, amounting to more than twice the value premium. Our results are consistent with a model of liquidity risk in which investors face uncertainty about their trading counterparties' preferences.
Modeling and Control of Grid Connected Variable Speed PMSG Based Wind Energy System

In recent years, The advancement of power electronic technology, novel control strategies and new circuit topologies, the grid connected small wind turbine industry is primarily dominated by the permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) have increasingly drawn interests to wind turbine manufactures. This paper presents modeling and control strategy for the grid connected PMSG-based wind turbine systems, where PMSG is used as a variable speed generator. The two mass drive train models is established for coupling the wind turbine and generator , pitch angle control at high wind speed, an LC filter is used at both side of grid side converter for desired power quality. The control scheme is developed for grid side converter to get regulated voltage at grid side. The simulation model is tested in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Development and Innovation of a Crayon Recycling Device

Objectives: To develop and test a crayon recycling device in terms of power consumption and quality of the product in terms of vibrancy of the color, coloring ability and strength and cost of production. Methods and Analysis: The researchers tested the quality of the product in terms of vibrancy of the color and coloring ability with a remark perceived by the raters that there is no significant difference among treatment 2 and 3. In treatment 1, the bigger broken crayons took a longer time to melt and leave hollow space in the core part. In treatment 3, the smaller chopped crayons at . 25-inch length has the shortest time to melt and is evenly solid at the core part. The researchers used manually fabricated melt pan situated above the heating element. It was observed that using the melt pan in the melting process is very useful because it took a short time to liquefy the crayons. In the quality of the crayon, comparing the other three treatments with treatment 1, a highly significant difference exists due to the composition of the crayon as well as the strength of the product with a remark that treatment 1 and treatment 2 shows that it can carry a total load of 19.614 N before the product breaks. Findings: From the discussion and analysis of the gathered data and findings, the crayon recycling device is efficient and can be used by the stakeholders in creating visual arts and can compete with the commercialized crayon recycling device. Based on the results and discussions, the following conclusions were drawn from the study. The crayon recycling device is efficient in producing quality recycled crayons which are comparable to newly produced crayons. Applications: The crayon recycling device is very efficient in terms of its power consumption. It is also economically viable in recycling small pieces of crayons.
Monte Carlo Simulation with Modelica

Monte Carlo simulation allows to obtain statistical information derived from estimates of the random variability of component parameters. The paper demonstrates how to describe the random characteristic of parameters in a tool-independent manner in Modelica. Using the multi-run facilities of a simulation engine statistical analysis can be carried out without any code intervention concerning the tool. The approach is based on the SAE 2748 standard. Solutions of implementation problems with respect to Modelica are discussed. This paper is based on results, which were developed in the Fraunhofer collaborative project “Computer Aided Robust Design (CAROD)”.
The RAVE-on Catalog of Stellar Atmospheric Parameters and Chemical Abundances for Chemo-dynamic Studies in the Gaia Era

The orbits, atmospheric parameters, chemical abundances, and ages of individual stars in the Milky Way provide the most comprehensive illustration of galaxy formation available. The Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) will deliver astrometric parameters for the largest ever sample of Milky Way stars, though its full potential cannot be realized without the addition of complementary spectroscopy. Among existing spectroscopic surveys, the RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) has the largest overlap with TGAS (≳200,000 stars). We present a data-driven re-analysis of 520,781 RAVE spectra using The Cannon. For red giants, we build our model using high-fidelity APOGEE stellar parameters and abundances for stars that overlap with RAVE. For main sequence and sub-giant stars, our model uses stellar parameters from the K2/EPIC. We derive and validate effective temperature Teff, surface gravity log g, and chemical abundances of up to seven elements (O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Fe, and Ni). We report a total of 1,685,851 elemental abundances with a typical precision of 0.07 dex, a substantial improvement over previous RAVE data releases. The synthesis of RAVE-on and TGAS is the most powerful data set for chemo-dynamic analyses of the Milky Way ever produced.
Exploring Self-Correlation in Flux-Gradient Relationships for Stably Stratified Conditions

Abstract In this paper, the degree of scatter in flux–gradient relationships for stably stratified conditions is analyzed. It is generally found that scatter in the dimensionless lapse rate ϕh is larger than in the dimensionless shear ϕm when plotted versus the stability parameter z/Λ (where Λ is the local Obukhov length). Here, this phenomenon is explained to be a result of self-correlation due to the occurrence of the momentum and the heat flux on both axes, measurement uncertainties, and other possibly relevant physical processes left aside. It is shown that the ratio between relative errors in the turbulent fluxes influences the orientation of self-correlation in the flux–gradient relationships. In stable conditions, the scatter in ϕm is largely suppressed by self-correlation while for ϕh this is not the case (vice versa for unstable stratification). An alternative way of plotting is discussed for determining the slope of the linear ϕm function.
Comparison of polymorphisms in the α7 nicotinic receptor gene and its partial duplication in schizophrenic and control subjects

The hypothesis that the 15q13‐15 region of chromosome 15 contains a gene that contributes to the etiology of schizophrenia is supported by multiple genetic linkage studies. The α7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (CHRNA7) gene was selected as the best candidate gene in this region for molecular investigation, based on these linkage findings and biological evidence in both human and rodent models. CHRNA7 receptors are decreased in expression in postmortem brain of schizophrenic subjects. A dinucleotide marker, D15S1360, in intron two of the CHRNA7 gene is genetically linked to an auditory gating deficit found in schizophrenics and half of the first‐degree relatives of patients. Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and sequence analyses of DNA from schizophrenic and control individuals identified 33 variants in the coding region and intron/exon borders of the CHRNA7 gene and its partial duplication, dupCHRNA7; common polymorphisms were mapped. Twenty‐one variants were found in the exons, but non‐synonymous changes were rare. Although the expression of CHRNA7 is decreased in schizophrenia, the general structure of the remaining receptors is likely to be normal. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Place of Electrospinning in Separation Science and Biomedical Engineering

Electrospunnanofibers have found myriad of applications from separation science to clinical translation. Electrospunnanofiber scaffolds have the benefits of unique properties such as high surface area to volume ratio, interfibrous pore sizes, strong penetrability, great deal of active sites for adsorption, excellent stability, better targeting, minimum toxicity, high drug-loading capacity, exceptional mechanical properties, flexibility in surface functional- ity, ease of encapsulation of drugs and bioactive compounds, suitability for thermos-liable drugs, enhanced cellular interactions, and protein absorption to facilitate binding sites for cell receptors. In the field of separation science, electrospunnanofiber scaffolds have extensively served as sorbent material for solid phase extraction techniques mainly due to the need to improve sorptive capacity and analyte selectivity. Given that almost all of the human tissues and organs are deposited in nanofibrous forms or structures, electrospunnanofibers/ nanocomposites are currently being investigated for potential clinical applications. It is note-worthy that the nanofiber fabrication technique and the material integrity are key components to obtaining clinically relevant nanofibers. Owing to the significance of fiber arrangement to nanofiber performance, electrospinning has a leading edge over other nanofiber fabrication techniques due to the ease of controlling fiber orientation, despite the inherent advantages of other conventional nanofiber fabrication techniques. The current review highlights the superb qualities of electrospunnanofibers, their various methods of fabrication, and their various applications especially in separation science and clinically. We further provided an overview of the electrospinning principles, types of electrospinning, parameters that affect the nanofibers fabrication via electrospinning, challenges, and the future directions. The advent of robotics-assisted electrospinning technique offers new opportunities for the traditional biofabrication in higher accuracy and controllability and hence will certainly drive nanotechnology from laboratory/industry toward patient care in the near future.
Audiologic Rehabilitation and Speech-Language Therapy for Prelingually Deaf Young Adults

Aural rehabilitation and speech-language therapy is described for severe-to-profoundly deaf, college-age students. Students in therapy are often cochlear implant users and are quite variable in spoken communication skills. Individual therapy rationale, techniques, materials, and computer resources are illustrated by 2 audiologists and a speech-language pathologist whose work is collaborative. An illustrative case history is provided.
FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

The objective of this master’s thesis was to develop a mobile augmented reality (MAR) client application that enables citizen participation in design of services, products and city plans, for example. The application was developed to be a part of an existing citizen participation platform. The interest was on finding out what functions such an application should provide and what kind of user interface (UI) it should have. The application was developed iteratively, by building prototypes in parallel with researching best practices from existing literature. Especially finding suitable tracking solutions for MAR applications were of concern, so that desired functionalities could be provided. The final prototype enabled users to explore urban environment through augmented reality (AR) and find location-based surveys. The surveys could present city plans in AR and ask the users’ opinions on the plans. For evaluation, the application was tested with real users (n = 9) in authentic environment. Quantitative data was gathered with questionnaires to evaluate the usability of the application. In addition, semi-structured interviews were used to gather qualitative data. The results give some indications that simple graphical user interface together with the AR provides an approachable way to control such an application. However, more interactive functionalities could be required to make such an application interesting for the users. In addition, much effort is needed to address tracking and content management, before large-scale MAR citizen participation can be fully realized.
Effects of meteorology and emissions on urban air quality: a quantitative statistical approach to long-term records (1999–2016) in Seoul, South Korea

Abstract. Together with emissions of air pollutants and precursors, meteorological conditions play important roles in local air quality through accumulation or ventilation, regional transport, and atmospheric chemistry. In this study, we extensively investigated multi-timescale meteorological effects on the urban air pollution using the long-term measurements data of PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 and meteorological variables over the period of 1999–2016 in Seoul, South Korea. The long-term air quality data were decomposed into trend-free short-term components and long-term trends by the Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter, and the effects of meteorology and emissions were quantitatively isolated using a multiple linear regression with meteorological variables. In terms of short-term variability, intercorrelations among the pollutants and meteorological variables and composite analysis of synoptic meteorological fields exhibited that the warm and stagnant conditions in the migratory high-pressure system are related to the high PM10 and primary pollutant, while the strong irradiance and low NO2 by high winds at the rear of a cyclone are related to the high O3. In terms of long-term trends, decrease in PM10 (−1.75 µg m−3 yr−1) and increase in O3 (+0.88 ppb yr−1) in Seoul were largely contributed by the meteorology-related trends (−0.94 µg m−3 yr−1 for PM10 and +0.47 ppb yr−1 for O3), which were attributable to the subregional-scale wind speed increase. Comparisons with estimated local emissions and socioeconomic indices like gross domestic product (GDP) growth and fuel consumptions indicate probable influences of the 2008 global economic recession as well as the enforced regulations from the mid-2000s on the emission-related trends of PM10 and other primary pollutants. Change rates of local emissions and the transport term of long-term components calculated by the tracer continuity equation revealed a decrease in contributions of local emissions to the primary pollutants including PM10 and an increase in contributions of local secondary productions to O3. The present results not only reveal an important role of synoptic meteorological conditions on the episodic air pollution events but also give insights into the practical effects of environmental policies and regulations on the long-term air pollution trends. As a complementary approach to the chemical transport modeling, this study will provide a scientific background for developing and improving effective air quality management strategy in Seoul and its metropolitan area.
Analysts’ reinitiations of coverage and market underreaction

I study the informativeness of reinitiations of coverage, which are defined as the resumption of coverage of a stock by a broker after more than six months of interruption. Reinitiations are associated with a significant short-term market response, in particular when the same analyst is assigned to the stock. However, I show that this market response is incomplete. Interestingly, the price patterns that follow the issuance of regular upgrades of recommendation and reinitiations differ significantly. Prices adjust quickly after a regular upgrade, while reinitiations are followed by a sustained price increase in the following six months, which does not revert during the following two years. I assess the economic magnitude of this initial underreaction by setting up a trading strategy. I show that reinitiations of coverage are the only type of recommendation that delivers significant positive abnormal returns after transaction costs with a three- and six-month investment horizon. I study and reject several candidate explanations in relation to momentum, and PEAD. Then, I investigate an information/superior ability hypothesis. I find that reinitiations are a more accurate signal than other recommendation types. Besides, the earnings conference call transcripts show that those analysts were able to maintain active relationships with the firms, even during the interruption of coverage. Their activity level is associated with more informative reinitiations of coverage. In particular, their participation rank in conference calls, which can be seen as a proxy for ability and proximity to the management appears to be a strong predictor of the drift after the reinitiation takes place.
FLOOD FORECASTING USING TRANSBOUNDARY DATA WITH THE FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM: THE MARITZA (MERIC) RIVER.

In the present study, in order to predict the current flow of the Kirişhane station (Turkey) from the transboundary data of Plovdiv and Svilengrad stations (Bulgaria), four different models (M 1 ‒M 4 ) were developed by using the fuzzy inference system (FIS) for different number of membership functions (MFs) (i.e. 13, 25, and 49 MFs). In addition, multiple linear regression (MLR) was selected as simpler data driven forecasting method to show how FIS improves the other simpler forecasting models. Flow data from the Plovdiv, Svilengrad and Kirişhane stations were gauged at two hour-intervals covering the period from 9 February 2010 00:00:00 to 21 February 2010 22:00:00. In addition, flow data at two hour-intervals covering the flood period from 6 February 2012 14:00:00
Co-Relation between Vitamin D Levels and Hamilton Depression Scores in Patients with Depression

1 Department of Psychiatry, J.N. Medical College, AMU, Aligarh 2 Department of Physiology, J.N. Medical College, AMU, Aligarh Corresponding Author Dr Gaurav Sharma Senior Resident, Dept of Physiology, J.N. Medical College, A.M.U, Aligarh-202002 Email: drgauravsharma.jnmc@gmail.com, Tel No. 7417574751 ABSTRACT Mood disorders have been described as one of the most common illnesses of humankind for last 2500 years. The vitamin D receptors are present on various areas of the human brain. There are various biological mechanisms that may explain the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the risk of depression. The vitamin D receptors are present on various areas of the human brain (ie. prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cingulated gyrus, thalamus, hypothalamus, and substantia nigra), that are important in pathophysiology of depression. 50 cases of major depression were randomly selected from psychiatry OPD and an equal number of controls with matched age, sex, religion and socioeconomic background were also recruited for the study. Hamilton Depression rating was done and their Vitamin D level was checked. It was found that Severity of depression has indirect relationship with vitamin D levels in depressed patients.
RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM BASED ON ASSOCIATION RULES APPLIED TO CONSISTENT BEHAVIOR OVER TIME

People's behavior or desires change with time so taking this factor into account may enhance the quality of the recommendations made by recommender systems. We propose a method to improve recommendation systems by taking into consideration changes in the behavior of users over time through the analyses of consistency in user behavior over two different time intervals. A sequence alignment tool is used to create two similarity networks of users, one for each time period. A single similarity network can be obtained by multiplying the two edge values for the similarity networks derived for the different time periods, enhancing the similarity between users whose behavior is consistently similar in both periods. Communities of users are then found using spectral algorithms and recommendations are made within each community with Association Rules modeling. The results are benchmarked against a comparable method when the two time intervals are merged into a single time period and when the association rules method is applied to single population model. The performance of predictions made with association rules is also compared against the performance of predictions with the Naive Bayes algorithm. The two algorithms are evaluated on the Hetrec2011dataset using standard accuracy metrics; e.g. recall and precision. Our experimental evaluation shows that the proposed association rules-based recommender system measuring consistency of behavior over time and segmenting the population of users into communities shows marginal but consistent improvements over standard personalization methods that do not take account of behavioral consistency over time and also compared with single population models. Moreover, the accuracy of recommendations with Association Rules consistency improves on Naive Bayes models in terms of accuracy and F-values.