Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The limits to parapatric speciation 3: evolution of strong reproductive isolation in presence of gene flow despite limited ecological differentiation

Gene flow tends to impede the accumulation of genetic divergence. Here, we determine the limits for the evolution of postzygotic reproductive isolation in a model of two populations that are connected by gene flow. We consider two selective mechanisms for the creation and maintenance of a genetic barrier: local adaptation leads to divergence among incipient species due to selection against migrants, and Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities (DMIs) reinforce the genetic barrier through selection against hybrids. In particular, we are interested in the maximum strength of the barrier under a limited amount of local adaptation, a challenge that may initially face many incipient species. We first confirm that with classical two-locus DMIs, the maximum amount of local adaptation is indeed a limit to the strength of a genetic barrier. However, with three or more loci and cryptic epistasis, this limit holds no longer. In particular, we identify a minimal configuration of three epistatically interacting mutations that is sufficient to confer strong reproductive isolation.
Prevalence and antibiogram of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis in clinical isolates

Rapid emergence of ESBL production in bacteria like Klebsiella and Proteus species has put forward a major challenge in their detection as well as treatment options. This study was conducted from Oct 2012 to May 2015 to know the prevalence and antibiogram of ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumonia & Proteus mirabilis. Blood, sputum, pus, wound samples were collected and processed; identification of isolates was done as per standard methods. ESBL detection was done with double disk test and combination disk and confirmed with MIC reduction test. 208/578 (36.0%) &126/405 (31.1%) isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae & Proteus mirabilis were ESBL producers respectively. The present study showed a high percentage of ESBL producers among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis to frequently used antibiotics. Knowledge of antibiogram studies will help physicians in choosing an empirical treatment. To know the changing trends in resistance regular antibiotic susceptibility studies should be conducted.
Papers produced from the Health Inequalities Audit Process for DG Sante at European Commission: Diet, Nutrition and Obesity Task 4. Analysis of Low and High Birth Weight by Socioeconomic Status

Background: Research show that socioeconomic factors are important determinants of health that also affect the health of mothers and their babies. Methods: The data from the national health registry 'Perinatal Information System of Slovenia' for the period 2004-2008 was analyzed. 95.202 women were included in the study. We analyzed different risk factors and health outcomes of pregnancies in different socioeconomic groups. We used mother's education as a socioeconomic indicator. Results: Pregnant women within the lowest educational group and with vocational education had more risk factors (obesity, smoking during pregnancy) in comparison to the highest educational group. Pregnant women within the lowest educational group also had higher risk of not having examinations and screening tests done during pregnancy. For women in the lowest educational group, the risk of preterm delivery was on average 30% higher than for women in the highest educational group and the risk of having a full-term child with low birth weight was on average 2.2 times higher. Women in the lowest educational group also had a 74% greater risk of having a stillborn child compared to the mothers from the highest educational group. Conclusion: Analysis showed that significant differences in the health of mothers and their babies related to the mother’s socioeconomic status are also present in Slovenia.
Identification the Pathogens Causing Rot Disease in Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) in China and the Antifungal Activity of Aqueous Garlic Extract

Rot disease is a serious disease in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) plantations in China. This disease usually weakens tree vigor, and seriously reduces the ornamental value, fruit yield, and quality. A better understanding of the pathogen that causes a disease is important for its control. Thus, the aims of this study were to isolate and identify the pathogen causing rot disease and to explore substances for its biological control. In this study, the morphology of the hyphae and spores of the pathogens was observed, and the pathogens were identified by morphological characteristics and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of their rDNA. Furthermore, the activity of an aqueous garlic extract as antifungal treatment for the identified pathogens was assessed. The results showed that the pathogens causing soft rot and dry rot in ‘Xinjiang Big Seed’ pomegranate were most probably Aspergillus niger and Botryosphaeria dothidea, respectively. In addition, the pathogenicity of A. niger was stronger than that of B. dothidea. The aqueous garlic extract had a strong antifungal effect on both pathogens by inhibiting mycelium growth in vitro, and the minimum inhibitory concentrations against A. niger and B. dothidea were 7.5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL, respectively.
The Geology and Biogeochemistry of Hydrocarbon Seeps

Hydrocarbon seeps, deep sea extreme environments where deeply sourced fluids discharge at the seabed, occur along continental margins across the globe. Energy-rich reduced substrates, namely hydrocarbons, support accelerated biogeochemical dynamics, creating unique geobiological habitats. Subseafloor geology dictates the surficial expression of seeps, generating hydrocarbon (gas and/or oil) seeps, brine seeps, and mud volcanoes. Biogeochemical processes across the redox spectrum are amplified at hydrocarbon seeps due to the abundance and diversity of reductant; anaerobic metabolism dominates within the sediment column since oxygen is consumed rapidly near the sediment surface. Microbial activity is constrained by electron acceptor availability, with rapid recycling required to support observed rates of hydrocarbon consumption. Geobiologic structures, from gas hydrate to solid asphalt to authigenic minerals, form as a result of hydrocarbon and associated fluid discharge. Animal-microbial associations and symbioses thrive at hydrocarbon seeps, generating diverse and dense deep sea oases that provide nutrition to mobile predators. ▪ Hydrocarbon seeps are abundant deep sea oases that support immense biodiversity and where specialization and adaptation create extraordinary lifestyles. ▪ Subseafloor geology shapes and defines the geochemical nature of fluid seepage and regulates the flux regime, which dictate the surface expression. ▪ High rates of anaerobic oxidation of methane require coupling to multiple processes and promote diversity in the anaerobic methanotroph microbial community. ▪ The recent discovery of novel phyla possessing hydrocarbon oxidation potential signals that aspects of seep biogeochemistry and geobiology remain to be discovered.
MiRNA-10b marks aggressive squamous cell carcinomas, and confers a cancer stem cell-like phenotype

Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC) are the primary cause of premature deaths in patients suffering from the rare skin-fragility disorder recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, which is in marked contrast to the rarely metastasizing nature of these carcinomas in the general population. This remarkable difference is attributed to the frequent development of chronic wounds caused by an impaired skin integrity. However, the specific molecular and cellular changes to malignancy, and whether there are common players in different types of aggressive cSCCs, remain relatively undefined. Methods MiRNA expression profiling was performed across various cell types isolated from skin and cSCCs. Microarray results were confirmed by qPCR and by an optimized in situ hybridization protocol. Functional impact of overexpression of a dysregulated miRNA was assessed in migration and 3D spheroid assays. Sample-matched transcriptome data was generated to support the identification of disease relevant miRNA targets. Results Several miRNAs were identified as dysregulated in cSCCs as compared to controls. These included the metastasis-linked miR-10b, which was significantly upregulated in primary cell cultures and in archival biopsies. At the functional level, overexpression of miR-10b conferred the stem cell-characteristic of 3D-spheroid formation capacity to keratinocytes, and impaired their mobility. Analysis of miR-10b downstream effects identified a novel putative target of miR-10b, the actin- and tubulin cytoskeleton-associated protein DIAPH2. Conclusion The discovery that miR-10b confers an aspect of cancer stemness – that of enhanced tumor cell adhesion, known to facilitate metastatic colonization - provides an important avenue for future development of novel therapies targeting this metastasis-linked miRNA.
MEDIA SOSIAL DAN PARTISIPASI POLITIK MILENIAL RIAU

Penelitian ini merupakan pengujian tentang pengaruh media sosial terhadap partisipasi politik milenial di Riau. Media sosial saat ini merupakan sarana yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat dalam aktifitas kehidupan mereka sehari-hari terutama generasi milenial. Generasi milenial adalah sebuah istilah yang populer menggantikan istilah generasi Y dimana sekelompok orang yang lahir setelah generasi X, yaitu orang yang lahir pada kisaran tahun 1980-2000an. Generasi Y dikenal dengan sebutan generasi millenial atau milenium. Partisipasi politik umumnya dilihat dari keterlibatan masyarakat dalam memberikan hak pilih mereka dalam pemilu. Partisipasi politik tidak dibahas dalam cakupan yang lebih luas seperti kritisi kebijakan, pengujian petisi, dan demonstrasi. Penelitian ini menjembatani gap tersebut yaitu mengkaji partisipasi politik pada spektrum yang lebih luas tersebut, terutama bagaimana pengaruh media sosial terhadap partisipasi politik milenial di Riau. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif eksplanasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei dengan menyebarkan kuesioner pada 204 responden. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada pengaruh media sosial terhadap partisipasi politik milenial di Riau sebesar 0,205 (20,5%).
A QoE-Oriented Network Selection Mechanism in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

In order to guarantee the UAV video uplink in heterogeneous networks, a novel access network selection mechanism was proposed in this paper. Due to the unknown Channel State Information(CSI), the issue was first modeled as the Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) problem. Then, the reward function was built and the Quality of Experience (QoE) of video was considered. By means of three typical solving algorithms, decisions could be made between utilization and exploration. The simulation results show that the mechanism can effectively solve the network selection problem of video transmission in heterogeneous networks.
Benzyne in V4334 Sqr: A Quest for the Ring with SOFIA/EXES

Large aromatic molecules are ubiquitous in both circumstellar and interstellar environments. Detection of small aromatic molecules, such as benzene (C6H6) and benzyne (C6H4), are rare in astrophysical environments. Detection of such species will have major implications for our understanding of the astrochemistry involved in the formation of the molecules necessary for life, including modeling the chemical pathways to the formation of larger hydrocarbon molecules. We conducted a search for the infrared 18 μm spectral signature of benzyne in V4334 Sgr with the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA)/Echelon-Cross-Echelle Spectrograph (EXES) finding no evidence for a feature at the sensitivity of our observations.
The Protective Effect of New Carnosine-Hyaluronic Acid Conjugate on the Inflammation and Cartilage Degradation in the Experimental Model of Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that currently has no cure. There are numerous studies showing that carnosine and hyaluronic acid (HA) have a positive pharmacological action during joint inflammation. For this reason, the goal of this research was to discover the protective effect of a new carnosine conjugate with hyaluronic acid (FidHycarn) on the inflammatory response and on the cartilage degradation in an in vivo experimental model of OA. This model was induced by a single intra-articular (i.ar.) injection of 25 µL of normal saline with 1 mg of monosodium iodoacetate solution (MIA) in the knee joint of rats. MIA injection caused histological alterations and degradation of the cartilage, as well as behavioral changes. Oral treatment with FidHycarn ameliorated the macroscopic signs, improved thermal hyperalgesia and the weight distribution of the hind paw, and decreased histological and radiographic alterations. The oxidative damage was analyzed by evaluating the levels of nitrotyrosine and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) that were significantly reduced in FidHycarn rats. Moreover, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were also significantly reduced by FidHycarn. Therefore, for the first time, the effectiveness of oral administration of FidHycarn has been demonstrated in an osteoarthritis model. In conclusion, the new FidHycarn could represent an interesting therapeutic strategy to combat osteoarthritis.
Non-contact voltage relay for switching windings of a boost transformer

In power supply systems the change in the magnitude of the voltage degrades the operation of electrical appliances right up to their failure. The proposed scheme of a contactless voltage relay based on a contactless voltage relay with switching the windings of a booster step-up transformer with a time delay allows switching the windings of a magnetizing booster transformer with a voltage change at the consumer terminals. Analytical studies of a non-autonomous non-linear dynamic circuit, which is the basis of the proposed device based on the classical method of solving a differential equation, which determines the nature of the voltage change for controlling thruster switches. The change of energy parameters of the proposed stabilizer depending on the voltage is given. The article considers the principle of operation of the proposed scheme of a contactless switching device based on a contactless voltage relay that switches the windings of a booster step-up transformer. An analytical study of a non-autonomous nonlinear dynamic circuit, which is the basis of the proposed device and the characteristics uc = f t required for switching the thruster is presented.
The policy trajectory of the EU – Latin America and Caribbean inter-regional project in higher education (1999–2018)

ABSTRACT This paper seeks to analyse the policy trajectory of the inter-regional plans to establish a common space in higher education (HE) involving the European Union (EU) and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) regions. Although both regions developed different formats of higher education cooperation programmes, it was in 1999 that an institutionalised bi-regional dialogue appeared – and HE was defined as a strategic partnership. In November 2000, ministers of education on both sides of the Atlantic launched the largest HE project to date: the EU-LAC (ALCUE) HE Common Area, involving 60 HE systems. Understanding (inter-)regional HE policies as an expression of global education policies, I conducted a historical analysis of this inter-regional policy from 2000 until 2018 using Roger Dale's framework of pluri-scalar governance of education. The tracing of the events since 1999 helped unveil the mechanisms of changes in this inter-regional policy. As a result, I was able to differentiate between two moments in the policy process: the ALCUE Project (2000–2008) and the EU-CELAC dialogue (2010–2018). Results point to the defining role of the EU in shaping the inter-regional dialogue in terms of regional mandate and actorness. The research shows that the advent of CELAC as a regional actor in Latin America in 2010 has strengthened the role of the EU in defining the inter-regional HE project.
Impacte d’una intervenció educativa infermera en persones hipertenses

ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX ni al Dipòsit Digital de la UB. No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX o al Dipòsit Digital de la UB (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora.
Community Partnership, Context-basedIntervention andDiabetes Control in Thailand

This study aimed to explore DMsituation,solutions,andeffecting action plans for DM controlin Ang Thong, one of the top five provinces for DM prevalence in Thailand.The study was a qualitative study applying Appreciation Influence Control (AIC) as a technique to build participation among five communities. Community partnerships in each community comprised4groups: 1) people with DM, people at risk for DM and their family members, 2) health care volunteers, 3) local health care officers and 4) community leaders. Each group comprised 8 participants recruited for group discussion and brainstorming.Content analysis was applied as a method for data analysis from 25 group discussions. The findings showed that diabetes is difficult to control because of nonadherence in treatment, undercontrolled blood sugar levels, limited awareness, lack of exercise, and poor knowledge about DM. The analysis also revealed the influence of cultural norms, especially, consuming food with high sugar and cholesterol content during traditional holidays among community partners. Moreover, the beliefs in karma and attitudes toward illness impede the successful rate for diabetes screening among at risk groups in communities. The community partners at the end of the study proposed 5 context based interventions to combat DM in their own context.These projects include: herb club against DM, local wisdom for DM prevention, yoga against DM, Thai ascetic yoga for health and sunchoke (Jerusalem artichoke) for DM control. The study proposed DM control strategies that give special consideration to culturally and contextually appropriate interventions. การมสวนรวม บรบทของชมชน และการควบคมเบาหวานในไทย การศกษานมวตถประสงคเพอศกษาสถานการณ การแกปญหา และการควบคมเบาหวานทมประสทธภาพในอางทองซงเปนจงหวดหนงในหาทมอตราปวยดวยโรคเบาหวานสงสด โดยประยกตใชกระบวนการAppreciation Influence Control (AIC)ในการสรางการมสวนรวมของชมชน 5ชมชน ซงในแตละชมชนประกอบดวย 1 กลมผปวยเและกลมเสยงตอการเกดโรคเบาหวานรวมทงสมาชกในครอบครว 2กลมอาสาสมครสาธารณสข 3กลมเจาหนาทสขภาพ และ4 กลมผนำชมชน ใชการวเคราะหขอมลเชงเนอหาจากการสนทนากลมและการระดมสมอง 25 กลมกลมละ 8 คน ผลการศกษาพบวาโรคเบาหวานยากตอการควบคมเนองจากการรกษาไมตอเนอง ความไมสามารถในการควบคมระดบนำตาลในเลอด การขาดความตระหนกในภาวะโรค การขาดการออกกำลงกายและการขาดความรเรองโรควฒนธรรมการรบประทานอาหารทมรสหวานและมคอเลสเตอรอลสงในชวงเทศกาลของชมชนความเชอในเรองกฎแหงกรรมและทศนคตตอความเจบปวยของคนในชมชนเปนอปสรรคตอการคดกรองกลมเสยงโดยเครอขายชมชนไดเสนอ โครงการพชสมนไพรตานเบาหวาน โครงการภมปญญาทองถนเพอปองกนเบาหวาน โครงการโยคะละเบาหวาน โครงการฤาษดนตนและแกนตะวน เพอการควบคมเบาหวานทใหความสำคญกบความเหมาะสมทางวฒนธรรมและบรบทของชมชน
All-inside technique versus conventional Transportal anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A retrospective study

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is one of the most common sports injuries. Surgical reconstruction is the most commonly used treatment after high grade ACL injuries. With the recent advances in the field of sports medicine, the all-inside technique, is reported to have less postoperative pain as compared to the conventional transportal procedure. Functional results such as range of motion or ligament laxity obtained after both techniques have not been assessed. We have retrospectively compared the outcome after All-Inside Technique and Conventional Transportal technique in patients who have partial or complete ACL tear on the basis of post-operative range of motion, pain and subjective functional results.
Caring Science: A Theoretical Framework for Palliative Care in the Emergency Department

Watson’s caring science is used as a theoretical and experiential framework to deeply examine the current provision of palliative care in the emergency department. This provides a mode of analysis to expose the ingrained and taken-for-granted assumptions that are historically perpetuated within emergency department care. Moreover, a first step towards discovering transformative ways in which to reimagine current practices will be provided. In so doing, the nurse–patient relationship during palliation within the emergency department may be better positioned to embody caring practices, and thus enhance the health and well-being for patients and families, while simultaneously optimizing health outcomes.
The Development and Clinical Testing of “EXAR”, Passive Upper Limb Exoskeleton

А. А. Воробьев, д. м. н. , профессор, зав. кафедрой оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии1; руководитель отдела экспериментальной и клинической хирургии2; Ф. А. Андрющенко, к. м. н. , старший научный сотрудник лаборатории моделирования патологии2; о. А. Пономарева, к. м. н. , старший преподаватель кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии1; младший научный сотрудник лаборатории моделирования патологии2; И. о. Соловьева, студент 6-го курса педиатрического факультета1; П. С. Кривоножкина, к. м. н. , ассистент кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии с курсами медицинской генетики и неврологии, мануальной терапии и рефлексотерапии1
Etiological Spectrum of Obstructive Jaundice in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Jaundice due to biliary obstruction may be caused by a heterogeneous group of diseases that include both benign and malignant conditions. As patients with obstructive jaundice have high morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis of the cause of obstruction is very important especially in malignant cases, as resection is only possible at that stage. Objectives: To determine the etiological spectrum of obstructive jaundice in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Cross sectional observational study was done in this study. A detailed history and thorough physical examination followed by investigations including liver function test, ultrasonography of whole abdomen & in some selective cases CT scan was done. The data had collected in a pre designed data collection sheet.
Atrial Myxoma Presenting as Asthma in Adolescent

This case report focuses on a 15 year old female who was initially diagnosed with asthma and treated as such for six months. It illustrates the importance of taking a detailed history, and performing a thorough physical exam to aid in establishing a diagnosis. This case emphasizes that in young patients who present with new onset asthma, one should include atrial myxoma in the differential diagnosis. A heart murmur on exam and an echocardiogram should establish the diagnosis and allow operative intervention in a timely fashion. There are only two citations in the literature regarding patients who were diagnosed with asthma and were found to have an atrial myxoma. It certainly is an uncommon presentation for mxyoma but it is imperative that it remains in the differential diagnosis so treatment is not unnecessarily delayed.