Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Different degradation rates of alkylated RNA protein and lipids in normal and tumor cells.

In this paper it is shown that the radioactivity detected in DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids 1 to 5 hr after N -methyl- N -nitrosourea-1-14C administration is retained in hepatoma cells for long periods of time (at least for 48 hr) while it is rapidly eliminated from liver and spleen cells. A hypothesis is suggested that emphasizes the role of turnover processes in mechanisms responsible for the selective toxicity of alkylating agents and nitrosoureas towards tumor cells.
Effects of Lexical Characteristics and Demographic Factors on Mandarin Chinese Open-Set Word Recognition in Children With Cochlear Implants

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the open-set word recognition performance of Mandarin Chinese–speaking children who had received a multichannel cochlear implant (CI) and examine the effects of lexical characteristics and demographic factors (i.e., age at implantation and duration of implant use) on Mandarin Chinese open-set word recognition in these children. Design: Participants were 230 prelingually deafened children with CIs. Age at implantation ranged from 0.9 to 16.0 years, with a mean of 3.9 years. The Standard-Chinese version of the Monosyllabic Lexical Neighborhood test and the Multisyllabic Lexical Neighborhood test were used to evaluate the open-set word identification abilities of the children. A two-way analysis of variance was performed to delineate the lexical effects on the open-set word identification, with word difficulty and syllable length as the two main factors. The effects of age at implantation and duration of implant use on open-set, word-recognition performance were examined using correlational/regressional models. Results: First, the average percent-correct scores for the disyllabic “easy” list, disyllabic “hard” list, monosyllabic “easy” list, and monosyllabic “hard” list were 65.0%, 51.3%, 58.9%, and 46.2%, respectively. For both the easy and hard lists, the percentage of words correctly identified was higher for disyllabic words than for monosyllabic words, Second, the CI group scored 26.3%, 31.3%, and 18.8 % points lower than their hearing-age–matched normal-hearing peers for 4, 5, and 6 years of hearing age, respectively. The corresponding gaps between the CI group and the chronological-age–matched normal-hearing group were 47.6, 49.6, and 42.4, respectively. The individual variations in performance were much greater in the CI group than in the normal-hearing group, Third, the children exhibited steady improvements in performance as the duration of implant use increased, especially 1 to 6 years postimplantation. Last, age at implantation had significant effects on postimplantation word-recognition performance. The benefit of early implantation was particularly evident in children 5 years old or younger. Conclusions: First, Mandarin Chinese–speaking pediatric CI users’ open-set word recognition was influenced by the lexical characteristics of the stimuli. The score was higher for easy words than for hard words and was higher for disyllabic words than for monosyllabic words, Second, Mandarin-Chinese–speaking pediatric CI users exhibited steady progress in open-set word recognition as the duration of implant use increased. However, the present study also demonstrated that, even after 6 years of CI use, there was a significant deficit in open-set, word-recognition performance in the CI children compared with their normal-hearing peers. Third, age at implantation had significant effects on open-set, word-recognition performance. Early implanted children exhibited better performance than children implanted later.
Pavement Quarries, Gypsum Period Residential Stability, and Trans-Holocene Settlement Systems of the Mojave Desert: A Case Study at Fort Irwin

This paper takes a geoarchaeological contextual approach in arguing that pavement quarries—those assay and reduction events directed at cobbles that often litter expansive desert alluvial landforms—can provide a powerful index of changing trans-Holocene settlement organization. Focusing on multiple lines of evidence—age estimates of alluvial fan surfaces, quarry technology, patination pro les, and regional toolstone consumption trends at residential sites—we explore the temporal and technological development of quarry pavement use at the National Training Center at Fort Irwin, Mojave Desert. The analysis reveals that chert pavement quarrying was in ascendance during the early portion of the Late Holocene and had a strong biface production component. This landform-based model of Holocene pavement quarry development provides support for reconstructions that envision Gypsum period hunter-gatherers as residentially stable, and as undertaking increased logistical forays during which pavement quarry procurement took place.
Impact of Race and Ethnicity on Inflammatory Bowel Disease

INTRODUCTION:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is now increasingly recognized in diverse ethnic populations. In the United States, IBD among the minority populations, especially Mexican Americans, has not been extensively studied. Apart from the known genetic influences that differ among the IBD subtypes [ulcerative colitis (UC) vs. Crohn's disease (CD)], serologic markers may differentiate UC and CD, including perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA) and anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA) in UC and CD.METHODS:One hundred forty-eight patients with IBD seen in a university gastroenterology practice in Houston, Texas, between June 1999 and November 2003 were analyzed to determine whether there were significant differences among racial/ethnic groups. Whites comprised 40%, African Americans 37%, Mexican Americans 20%, and Asians 3% of the total IBD patients.RESULTS:We found that African Americans and whites predominantly had CD, whereas Mexican Americans predominantly had UC. There was no difference between African Americans and Mexican Americans when separately compared to whites in terms of intestinal manifestations of CD and UC, respectively. However, African Americans with CD had a significantly higher incidence of IBD-associated arthritis (p = 0.004) and ophthalmological manifestations, notably uveitis (p = 0.028), compared to whites with CD. Among UC patients, in comparison to the Mexican Americans, whites had significantly higher incidences of joint symptoms (p < 0.0001) and osteoporosis (p = 0.001). Whites had a stronger family history of IBD and colorectal carcinoma compared to the other ethnic groups. p-ANCA served as a sensitive marker for UC among Mexican Americans. All the Mexican Americans with UC tested had positive p-ANCA compared to only 40% of whites (p = 0.033). CONCLUSION:There are significant differences in IBD subtypes and serologic markers among racial/ ethnic groups with IBD in the United States.
Early Otitis Media with Effusion, Hearing Loss, and Auditory Processes at School Age

Objectives: To examine the effect of conductive hearing loss (HL) secondary to otitis media with effusion (OME) in the first 3 years of life on physiologic, peripheral, and higher-order behavioral auditory measures examined at school age. Methods: Peripheral hearing sensitivity for conventional and extended high-frequency audiometric ranges, physiologic (distortion product otoacoustic emissions, contralateral and ipsilateral acoustic middle ear muscle reflexes), auditory brain stem response (ABR), and higher-order auditory processing measures (masking level difference; Virtual Auditory Localization, Speech Intelligibility Gain; adaptive Pediatric Speech Intelligibility task) were examined at the end of the second grade of elementary school in two cohorts (North Carolina, N = 73, and New York, N = 59). All participants (mean age, 8 years) were followed prospectively in infancy and early childhood (7 to 39 months) for middle ear status and hearing loss (using pneumatic otoscopy/tympanometry and repeated conditioned behavioral audiometric response procedures). Multivariate analyses were conducted to address whether early OME and early conductive HL were related to physiologic, peripheral, and higher-order auditory processes. Results: Early hearing loss and OME were significantly associated with peripheral hearing at school age; extended high-frequency thresholds accounted for the result. Similarly, hearing loss in early life and OME were significantly associated with the acoustic middle ear muscle reflex: The contralateral stimulation condition accounted for the association. Significant associations with both early OME and early HL were also found for the auditory brain stem response measure and were explained by the correlations between early hearing loss and the ABR Wave V latency but not other ABR indices. There were no reliable associations between either early OME or early HL on any other auditory processes evaluated at the end of second grade. Conclusions: Extended high-frequency hearing and brain stem auditory pathway measures in childhood were significantly associated with children’s experiences with OME and hearing loss from 7 to 39 months of age. However, no significant associations were found for psychoacoustic measures of binaural processing or a behavioral adaptive speech-in-noise test at school age.
Developing qualitative propositions in sales research: existing approaches and a new multiphasic technique

Abstract Many qualitative sales researchers have encountered the proposition problem: the desire to include propositions in their qualitative work coupled with the discomfort in how to do so effectively. Propositions are often a meaningful addition to qualitative articles in their provision of explicitly stated relationships for researchers to examine in the future. However, advancing propositions that satisfy the major criteria of strong propositional advancement can be a significant challenge. The purpose of this article is to aid qualitative sales researchers in their quest to include propositions by providing a better understanding of effective proposition usage and advancing a newly derived technique to the literature – comparative proposition generation through multiphasic qualitative designs. This technique offers qualitative sales researchers an important additional mechanism through which to advance meaningful propositions to help guide research in the sales domain.
Eccentric exercise-induced injury to rat skeletal muscle.

These experiments were designed to study skeletal muscle pathology resulting from eccentric-biased exercise in rats. The effects on the muscles of running on a treadmill on a 0 degrees incline (similar amounts of concentric and eccentric contractions), down a 16 degrees incline (primarily eccentric contractions), and up a 16 degrees incline (primarily concentric contractions) at 16 m . min-1 for 90 min were assessed by following postexercise changes in 1) plasma creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities, 2) glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDase) activity (bio- and histochemically) in the physiological extensor muscles, and 3) histological appearance of the muscles. The data indicate the following. 1) Whereas all exercise protocols resulted in elevations of plasma enzymes immediately after running, only eccentric exercise caused late phase elevations 1.5-2 days postexercise. 2) Significant increases in muscle G-6-PDase activity, which were always associated with accumulations of mononuclear cells, always occurred within some muscles of each extensor group 1-3 days following downhill and uphill running and did not occur following level running; the increases in activity were usually of lower magnitude in the muscles of uphill runners than in those of downhill runners; the deeply located, predominantly slow-twitch muscles were most affected by both down- and uphill running. 3) Muscle histology demonstrated localized disruption of normal banding patterns of some fibers immediately after exercise and accumulations of macrophages in the interstitium and in some (less than 5%) muscle fibers by 24 h postexercise in the deep slow muscles of the antigravity groups. Although the data generally indicated that eccentric exercise causes greater injury to the muscles, questions remain.
Occlusal assessment of a 3-5 year population.

One hundred children consisting of 53 blacks and 47 white children ages of 3 and 5 were selected from a random sample. All children had occlusions of the primary teeth only with no permanent teeth erupted. The occlusions of the primary dentition were characterized by the following observations. The mesial step type relationship was more frequent than the flush terminal plane type pattern. The incidences of posterior crossbite were about the same in both the black and white children. Between ages 3 and 5 the intracanine and intermolar width, overjet, and overbite progressed with age in both races. The presence of spaces between incisors was much lower than those reported by other investigators.
Use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in unstable angina and non‐ST‐elevation myocardial infarction

Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Western society. The commonest underlying pathology is the coronary atherosclerotic plaque complicated by thrombosis. Platelets play a central role. As the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor is involved in the final step of platelet thrombus formation development and investigation of its blockage in ACS is at the fore. Initial hospital management of ACS occur in the ED setting. The present article outlines the above topics and clarifies the place of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibition in ED.
Ant Genetic Algorithm Based on Immune Mechanism and Its Application in Parameters Estimation of Heavy Oil Thermal Cracking Model

According to rules of ants looking for food and immune genetic thought, an ant colony genetic algorithm is proposed based on immune mechanism. In precondition of keeping characteristics of the ant colony algorithm for global optimization and getting rationality of solutions in finite time, by introducing immune mechanism, the diversity of individuals can be assured and the phenomenon of long searching time and easy stagnating are avoided. The proposed algorithm was successful in continuous space optimization problem. The results show the effectiveness in applying the algorithm to parameters estimation of heavy oil thermal cracking model.
FPGA-based controller for mitigation of the 100 Hz oscillation in grid connected PV systems

This paper illustrates a new control strategy for reducing the photovoltaic (PV) voltage oscillations at twice the grid frequency in double-stage single-phase PV inverters. It is based on the analytical calculation of the duty-cycle compensation which is able to lead to an almost constant PV voltage. The work is focused on the optimization of the performances of the FPGA-based digital implementation; the proposed approach is validated by means of experimental results.
Cluster Concept and Practice in Hungary

The paper is about new types of spatial concentrations of business. We may differentiate among traditional agglomerations, traditional clusters and dynamic clusters according to the types of participating organizations, types of interactions and the aims of cooperation. Various forms of clustering spontaneously started in the real economy. Due to their success cluster initiatives became fashionable policy tools, though cluster policies are usually subordinated to other more general policy areas like SME development, regional policy, innovation policy, etc. Thus, emphasis and content of cluster policies may vary substantially. At the same time, the basic rationale of new forms of spatial business concentration may get lost. Hungarian experience is a good example of how little the original rationale of synergy producing collaboration is considered when designing cluster policy measures. As a result, many times newly formed clusters and participating firms regard this organization as an additional possibility of milking state resources.
Effect of L-Carnitine on Semen Characteristics of Chilled Rabbit Semen

The present work aimed to study the effect of L-carnitine on preservability of rabbit semen with special emphasis on DNA integrity. 12 mature New Zealand bucks were divided into two equal groups (n=6). One group was kept as control and in the other group, each animal drenched 40 mg/kg body weight in solution. Semen was collected using an artificial vagina and then diluted in tris and galap. Visual motility (48.25 vs 47.92% in tris, 62.13 vs 64.13 in galap), percent of live sperm (65.04 vs 68.54 in tris, 69.22 vs 68.81 in galap), sperm morphology (19.50 vs 16.67 in tris, 19.00 vs 15.53 in galap), DNA integrity% (72.17 vs 73.83 in tris, 77.78 vs 75.41 in galap) were assessed for both control and carnitine treated group in tris- and galap extenders respectively. In conclusion the administration of L-carnitine has ameliorated the semen characters of bucks, especially when diluted with galap than using tris-extender due to its long duration in preservation of good semen characters.
Sliding mode plus PI control applied in PV systems control

In this article a sliding mode plus PI controller is proposed to control of the voltage and the input current of a photovoltaic system. The proposed nonlinear controller is designed to control the duty cycle of the two level interleaved boost converter due to changes in the operating conditions of the photovoltaic panel (changes in irradiance levels). Besides this, the proposed controller can operate at constant switching frequency improving one of the disadvantages shown by sliding modes controllers. The performance of the proposed controller is compared with a lead-lag controller through simulations using Matlab software.
Protecting Privacy in Large Datasets—First We Assess the Risk; Then We Fuzzy the Data

Background: Privacy of information is an increasing concern with the availability of large amounts of data from many individuals. Even when access to data is heavily controlled, and the data shared with researchers contain no personal identifying information, there is a possibility of reidentifying individuals. To avoid reidentification, several anonymization protocols are available. These include categorizing variables into broader categories to ensure more than one individual in each category, such as k-anonymization, as well as protocols aimed at adding noise to the data. However, data custodians rarely assess reidentification risks. Methods: We assessed the reidentification risk of a large realistic dataset based on screening data from over 5 million records on 0.9 million women in the Norwegian Cervical Cancer Screening Program, before and after we used old and new techniques of adding noise (fuzzification) of the data. Results: Categorizing date variables (applying k-anonymization) substantially reduced the possibility of reidentification of individuals. Adding a random factor, such as a fuzzy factor used here, makes it even more difficult to reidentify specific individuals. Conclusions: Our results show that simple techniques can substantially reduce the risk of reidentification. Impact: Registry owners and large-scale data custodians should consider estimating and if necessary, reducing reidentification risks before sharing large datasets. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(8); 1219–24. ©2017 AACR.
Assessing the Safety of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Transduced With a Dominant Negative Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates cell growth, is secreted by many human tumors and markedly inhibits tumor-specific cellular immunity. It has previously been shown by our group that transduction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) with a retroviral vector expressing the dominant-negative TGFβ type II receptor (DNR) overcomes this tumor evasion in a model of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive Hodgkin disease. TGFβ is an important physiologic regulator of T-cell growth and survival, however, abrogation of this regulatory signal in genetically modified cells is potentially problematic. To ensure that unresponsiveness to TGFβ did not lead to the unregulated growth of genetically modified CTLs, the characteristics of DNR-transduced CTLs in vivo were studied. Donor C57BL6 mice were vaccinated with human papillomavirus–E7 plasmid DNA to induce production of E7-specific CTLs. The E7-specific CTLs were genetically modified to express enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) or DNR and administered to syngeneic mice. All mice received monthly boosts with E7 DNA for 9 months, and during this time, transduced CTLs were detected in the peripheral blood of most of the mice using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. By 12 months, 3 months after cessation of vaccination, no DNR-transduced CTLs or GFP-transduced CTLs were detected in the peripheral blood. There were 4 cases of lymphoma (2 DNR-transduced mice and 2 control mice): all tumors were CD3−/CD8− and were also negative for the DNR transgene. Hence, mature antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells can be genetically modified to resist the antiproliferative effects of TGFβ without undergoing spontaneous lymphoproliferation in vivo. They may be of value for treating human cancers, which use TGFβ as a powerful immune evasion mechanism.
Influência do cultivo de mexilhões sobre o habitat bentônico na Enseada da Armação do Itapocoroy, Penha, SC.

O cultivo de mexilhoes e uma atividade economica importante no Estado de Santa Catarina, onde e desenvolvido em praticamente todas as baias e enseadas, e cuja producao e destaque para America Latina. O crescimento constante dos cultivos se fez de forma desordenada, sem considerar a geracao de impactos ambientais, essencialmente aqueles decorrentes da biodeposicao de materia orgânica nas areas de cultivo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar uma enseada sob influencia da mitilicultura, determinar as alteracoes no sedimento e na comunidade de macro-invertebrados bentonicos. Foram selecionados tres pontos de amostragem considerando o tempo e a intensidade da atividade de cultivo. Durante o periodo de um ano foram analisados os teores de materiais minerais e biogenicos no sedimento, bem como a composicao e a estrutura da comunidade bentonica. Os resultados indicaram a fracao areia como material de maior concentracao no sedimento, com predominância de particulas grosseiras nas areas mais proximas da orla. Os teores de carbonatos, silte e cascalho, foram mais elevados na area de cultivo mais intenso, contudo nao se observou diferenca quanto a materia orgânica nas diferentes areas de estudo. Quanto a fauna bentonica, foram coletadas 65 especies pertencentes a sete filos sendo que os ofiuros foram os mais frequentes nas amostras. Apesar das diferencas entre os periodos e os locais de coleta nao serem significativas, os resultados apontaram uma maior abundância e densidade de individuos no inverno e no outono, nas areas sem cultivos, com destaque aos moluscos detritivoros, e a maior riqueza e diversidade foram detectadas no inverno e verao na area com cultivo mais intenso, com participacao maior de especies de poliquetos. Concluise que os cultivos de mexilhoes nao estao causando impacto direto no ambiente bentonico da Enseada da Armacao do Itapocoroy, sendo a acao indireta dos ventos, ao promover um maior hidrodinamismo na regiao, o fator determinante na caracterizacao na constituicao do sedimento e na estrutura e composicao da fauna bentonica.