Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Approximating the Optimal Algorithm for Online Scheduling Problems via Dynamic Programming

Very recently Gunther et al. [E. Gunther, O. Maurer, N. Megow and A. Wiese (2013). A new approach to online scheduling: Approximating the optimal competitive ratio. In Proc. 24th Annual ACM-SIAM Symp. Discrete Algorithms (SODA). ] initiate a new systematic way of studying online problems by introducing the competitive ratio approximation scheme (simplified as competitive schemes in this paper), which is a class of algorithms {Aϵ|ϵ > 0} with a competitive ratio at most ρ*(1 + ϵ), where ρ* is the best possible competitive ratio over all online algorithms. Along this line, Gunther et al. [E. Gunther, O. Maurer, N. Megow and A. Wiese (2013). A new approach to online scheduling: Approximating the optimal competitive ratio. In Proc. 24th Annual ACM-SIAM Symp. Discrete Algorithms (SODA). ] provide competitive schemes for several online over time scheduling problems like Qm|rj, (pmtn)|∑wjcj, while the running times are polynomial if the number of machines is a constant. In this paper, we consider the classical online scheduling problems, where jobs arrive in a list. We present competitive schemes for Rm‖Cmax and $Rm\Vert \sum_i C_i^p$, where the running times are polynomial if the number of machines is a constant. Specifically, we are able to derive a competitive scheme for P‖Cmax which runs in polynomial time even if the number of machines is an input. Our method is novel and more efficient than that of Gunther et al. [E. Gunther, O. Maurer, N. Megow and A. Wiese (2013). A new approach to online scheduling: Approximating the optimal competitive ratio. In Proc. 24th Annual ACM-SIAM Symp. Discrete Algorithms (SODA). ] Indeed, by utilizing the standard rounding technique for the off-line scheduling problems, we reformulate the online scheduling problem into a game on an infinite graph, through which we arrive at the following key point: Assuming that the best competitive ratio is ρ*, for any online algorithm there exists a list of a polynomial number of jobs showing that its competitive ratio is at least ρ* - O(ϵ). Interestingly such a result is achieved via a dynamic programming algorithm. Our framework is also applicable to other online problems.
‘Pheran’ Induced Fourth Degree Friction Burn of the Brain

AbstractFriction burns result from the rubbing between the skin and any other rough surface. We present a case of fourth degree friction burn of the brain, which was predisposed due to the wearing of traditional long loose clothing known as ‘Pheran’. The patient was pillion riding a motor bike on a highway and was wearing a Pheran. The loose arm sleeves of the pheran were hanging by the side. The bike met with a side-on collision with a load-carrier lorry. The patient fell down and the left loose arm sleeve of the pheran was trapped in the axle of the lorry. He was dragged on the road for about half a km before the fast moving lorry stopped, the driver being oblivious of the accident. The patient developed friction injury to various parts of the body in addition to a severe fourth degree friction burn to brain and a fracture shaft of left femur.
Targeted Protein Degradation and Synapse Remodeling by an Inducible Protein Kinase

Synaptic plasticity involves the reorganization of synapses at the protein and the morphological levels. Here, we report activity-dependent remodeling of synapses by serum-inducible kinase (SNK). SNK was induced in hippocampal neurons by synaptic activity and was targeted to dendritic spines. SNK bound to and phosphorylated spine-associated Rap guanosine triphosphatase activating protein (SPAR), a postsynaptic actin regulatory protein, leading to degradation of SPAR. Induction of SNK in hippocampal neurons eliminated SPAR protein, depleted postsynaptic density–95 and Bassoon clusters, and caused loss of mature dendritic spines. These results implicate SNK as a mediator of activity-dependent change in the molecular composition and morphology of synapses.
Driving-related risks and outcomes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescents and young adults: a 3- to 5-year follow-up survey.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether teenagers and young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have more motor vehicle citations and crashes and are more careless drivers than their normal peers. DESIGN A comparison of two groups of teenagers and young adults (ADHD and normal) followed up 3 to 5 years after original diagnosis. SETTING A university medical center clinic for ADHD patients. PATIENTS Thirty-five subjects with ADHD and 36 control subjects between 16 and 22 years of age, all of whom were licensed drivers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Parent ratings of current symptoms of ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder, a survey of various negative driving outcomes, and a rating scale of driving behavior. RESULTS Subjects with ADHD used less sound driving habits. This deficiency was associated with greater driving-related negative outcomes in all categories surveyed. Subjects with ADHD were more likely than control subjects to have had auto crashes, to have had more such crashes, to have more bodily injuries associated with such crashes, and to be at fault for more crashes than control subjects. They were also more likely to have received traffic citations and received more such citations than control subjects, particularly for speeding. The sub-group of teenagers with ADHD having greater comorbid oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder symptoms were at highest risk for such deficient driving skills/habits and negative driving-related outcomes. CONCLUSIONS ADHD, and especially its association with oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder, is associated with substantially increased risks for driving among teenagers and young adults and worthy of attention when clinicians counsel such patients and their parents.
Antibacterial activity demonstrated by culture filtrates of Proteus mirabilis isolated from screwworm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae.

Several strains of Proteus mirabilis isolated from screwworm ( Cochliomyia hominivorax ) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae were found to produce a bactericidal substance (mirabilicide). The mirabilicide was extracted from culture filtrates at pH 2.9 with chloroform. Both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to mirabilicide. A coagulase-positive strain of Staphylococcus aureus (boil isolate) was killed 4 min; however, a strain of Providencia rettgeri (formerly in the genus Proteus ) isolated from screwworm larvae showed significant resistance to the mirabilicide. Ultrastructural and morphological changes in P. mirabilis cells exposed to mirabilicide were limited to cytoplasmic changes, while Salmonella typhimurium cells showed both cytoplasmic changes and cell wall modifications, although the cells did not lyse. Mirabilicide may play a significant role in the establishment of the nonpurulent, larval-infested wound.
Altered bone metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease.

UNLABELLED A reduced bone mineral density has been reported in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). OBJECTIVE To assess the mechanisms of bone disease in IBD. METHODS We studied in 90 patients (61 with Crohn's disease, 22 with ulcerative colitis, 7 with indeterminate colitis) biochemical markers of bone metabolism in serum and bone mineral density by peripheral quantitative computed tomography at the forearm. RESULTS Forty-five percent of the patients had a reduced bone density (Z score < -1). Serum calcium was normal in most patients, vitamin D deficiency was documented in 17%. Osteocalcin, a serum marker of bone formation, was decreased in 26% (1.2 +/- 0.1 ng/ml), whereas the carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), a recently described serum parameter of bone breakdown, was stimulated in 38% (10.4 +/- 2.3 microg/L). Of 33 patients with increased ICTP levels, 19 showed a decreased bone density (Z score < -1), and 2 of them never received steroids. An active status of the underlying disease in most patients with increased ICTP levels suggests a direct effect of the underlying IBD. In the whole series of patients with a history of active disease (n = 34), 47% had signs of an increased bone degradation (ICTP > 5 microg/L; mean, 12.9 +/- 4.7 microg/L). Data derived from a retrospective survey of 245 patients with IBD suggest that the prevalence of bone fractures in IBD is unexpectedly high, particularly in patients with a long duration of disease, frequent active phases, and high cumulative doses of corticosteroid intake. CONCLUSIONS Several mechanisms may be involved in IBD-associated bone disease: (1) a high inflammatory activity directly induces bone degradation via yet unknown pathways, (2) treatment with corticosteroids may exert catabolic effects on the bone, or (3) malabsorption and vitamin D deficiency may activate bone turnover.
Outbreak of sapovirus infection among infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in Osaka City, Japan during 2004–2005

One hundred and twenty five fecal specimens were collected from sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis in a pediatric clinic in Osaka City, Japan from July 2004 to June 2005 and tested for the presence of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus by RT‐multiplex PCR. Among diarrheal viruses detected, norovirus was the most prevalent (19.2%, 24 of 125), followed by group A rotavirus (18.4%, 23 of 125), astrovirus (1.6%, 2 of 125), and adenovirus (0.8%, 1 of 125), respectively. Interestingly, sapovirus infection was identified with high incidence of 17.6% (22 of 125). Sapovirus was subjected to molecular genetic analysis by sequencing. It was found that sapovirus detected in this study was classified into four genotypes (GI/1, GI/4, GI/6, and GI/8), and sapovirus GI/6 was predominant, followed by GI/8 and accounted for 81.8% (18 of 22) and 9.1% (2 of 22), respectively. It was noteworthy that sapovirus GI/6 infection was apparently confined within the period of 5 months (August 2004 through December 2004). This pattern of infection implied the outbreak of sapovirus GI/6 in these patients, which was the first outbreak of acute gastroenteritis attributed to sapovirus in Osaka City. Another interesting feature of the study was the appearance of two novel, naturally occurring recombinant sapoviruses circulating in the Japanese population studied. This report confirmed the presence as well as the importance of sapovirus causing acute gastroenteritis among Japanese infants and children. J. Med. Virol. 78:839–846, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Discrimination and Mental Health Among Sexual Minority College Students: The Type and Form of Discrimination Does Matter

Research indicates that interpersonal discrimination contributes to mental problems among sexual minorities. However, little attention has been given to subtle discrimination and witnessing discrimination. This study examines the relationship among sexual orientation, experiencing and witnessing hostility (e.g., verbal threats), incivility (e.g., dirty looks), heterosexist harassment (e.g., homophobic names), and moderate/high anxiety and depression symptoms among college students. Results indicated that experiencing hostility, incivility, and heterosexist harassment each partially mediated the relationship between sexual minority status and anxiety. Similar relationships were found for experiencing incivility and heterosexist harassment and depression. Witnessing hostility and heterosexist harassment partially mediated anxiety among sexual minority students.
An analog perspective on device reliability in 32nm high-κ metal gate technology

An assessment on analog circuit reliability for an advanced 32nm high-κ metal gate technology is given from the analog designer's point of view. Selected analog circuit blocks are investigated with respect to device stress states. A custom test structure, designed to reveal analog related device characteristics including relaxation effects, was used to perform stress measurements. In addition to common aging in inversion mode, degradation in accumulation mode is determined. Experiments reveal that relaxation shows a large variety in drift behavior, and degradation induced variations - even for analog size devices - can reach significant values. Both topics are main issues for analog circuits design. Thereupon a general approach to consider device aging for analog circuit reliability is proposed.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Comparison of Mohs Micrographic Surgery and Wide Excision in Eighty‐Six Patients

BACKGROUND. Merkel cell carcinoma is an uncommon malignant tumor of the skin that, after standard surgical excision, tends to recur locally and develop regional nodal spread. OBJECTIVE. This study evaluated the use of Mohs micrographic surgery for this aggressive neoplasm. METHODS. A retrospective study of 86 patients with Merkel cell carcinoma established rates of local persistence and the development of regional metastasis after standard surgical excision. Detailed follow‐up was availake on a subgroup of 13 patients treated with Mohs surgery. RESULTS. Standard surgical excision for local disease was associated with high rates of local persistence (13 of 41 [31.7%]) and regional metastasis (20 of 41 148.8%]). Mean follow‐up was 60 months. Mean follow‐up for the group treated with Mohs was 36 months. Only one of 12 (8.3%) Mohs‐treated patients with histologically confirmed clearance has had local persistence of disease. This patient underwent a second Mohs excision and has remained disease free for 84 months. Regional metastasis devel‐oped in four of 12 cases (33.3%). Regional metastasis developed in none of the four patients treated with radiotherapy after Mohs surgery and in four of eight patients treated with Mohs surgery without postoperative radiotherapy. CONCLUSION. Mohs surgery compares favorably with standard surgical excision. Radiotherapy after Mohs surgery may further reduce persistent metastases in transit and nodal disease.
Retrieval The Critical Roles of Localization and Physiology for Understanding Parietal Contributions to Memory

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of recognition memory ubiquitously demonstrate retrievalrelated activity in left lateral parietal cortex (LLPC) when contrasting studied (“old”) items with unstudied (“new”) items. Recent work demonstrates that there is considerable functional–anatomical heterogeneity in LLPC. One implication of this observation is that singleor dual-process models fall short of characterizing LLPC contributions to memory retrieval. Instead of considering LLPC as a single entity, functional accounts must be given for each of the distinct regions that show retrieval-related effects; we posit there are a minimum of four such regions and very likely more. Identification of these LLPC regions requires careful analysis to map the boundaries and the extent of the regions precisely. In addition, characterizing the functional responses as activations or deactivations relative to baseline will be crucial in understanding the underlying cognitive processes. Considering LLPC in both memory and “nonmemory” domains will also illuminate the contribution of these regions, because it is certainly unlikely they serve only the domain of memory retrieval.
An Empirical Study on Cross-Border Related Party Transactions of China's Listed Companies

This study focuses the empirical examination on the relationship between internal governance factors and cross-border related party (CBRP) transactions of Chinese firms. Using the data of the listed companies in China's Stock Exchanges during 2003-2007, we find that the size of CBRP transactions is positively associated with concentrated ownership, imbalance of power among large shareholders, CEO duality and outside directors' compensations. Our results also reveal that the size of CBRP transactions is negatively related to the proportion of outside directors, but not significantly correlated with equity incentive for executives. There is also evidence that state-owned companies make more CBRP transactions than non-state-owned companies. These findings have important implications for improvements in corporate governance and investor protection.
Affective Image Classification Using Multi-Scale Emotion Factorization Features

Image emotion analysis is a new and challenging research direction that gains more and more attention in the research community. Most previous works in this field only use common or generic features, and have hard restrictions on training images, such as scale, resolution, etc. Inspired by scale-space theories and psychology theories of color, we propose a procedure to extract interpretive features expressing human color emotions' three mayor variables' (activity, weight, heat) edge, ridge and blob structures described as pose vector in images, then use data fusion method to prune and unify the extracted raw data by the line-token representation. At last we construct a codebook representation and train SVM classifiers to implement affective image classification. We extensively demonstrate our proposed approach on two benchmark database, finally an improved classification results are obtained, compared to state of the art work.
EMI in Hong Kong and CLIL in Europe

Diese Arbeit beschaftigt sich mit Gemeinsamkeiten der Konzepte des Unterrichts in Fremdsprachen „Content and Language Integrated Learning“ (CLIL) in Europa und „English Medium Instruction“ (EMI) wie es in Hong Kong praktiziert wird. CLIL ist ein relativ neuer Uberbegriff fur viele Arten von Immersionsunterricht, der erst seit 1994 in Europa verwendet wird, obwohl Immersionsunterricht in vielen Formen bereits langer praktiziert wurde. EMI wird in Hong Kong nunmehr seit mehr als 100 Jahren mit wechselndem Erfolg in die Praxis umgesetzt und wurde seit jeher von zahlreichen Wechseln in der diesbezuglichen Gesetzgebung begleitet. CLIL und EMI sind Immersionsmodelle, die in ihrem theoretischen Aufbau einige Ahnlichkeiten aufweisen. Daher begegnen sie auch ahnlichen Schwierigkeiten in der praktischen Umsetzung des Unterrichts in einer Fremdsprache. In dieser Arbeit werden zwei vorrangige Fragestellungen behandelt, denen CLIL und EMI begegnen. Bei der ersten Fragestellung handelt es sich um die Definition eines Curriculums, in dem der Einsatz der Fremdsprache im Sachfachunterricht Beachtung findet. Der Integration der Sprache, des Sachfachs und der Entwicklung der kognitiven Fertigkeiten der Schuler soll in der Entwicklung des Curriculums Raum gegeben werden. Die zweite Fragestellung beschaftigt sich mit der gezielten Ausbildung von Lehrern, die in einer Fremdsprache unterrichten konnen/sollen, und der Schaffung des Bewusstseins dass das Lehren in und durch Fremdsprachen nicht mit dem Lehren in L1 gleichzusetzen ist und daher eigene methodische Ansatze und Zugange braucht, um den Schulern sinnvollen bilingualen Immersionsunterricht zu bieten. Diese Arbeit soll aufzeigen, dass beide Unterrichtsmodelle aufgrund ihrer Ahnlichkeit gegenseitig auf die Problemlosungsmechanismen und wissenschaftliche Forschung des anderen zugreifen konnen.
La salud en indoafroiberoamerica: El paradigma necesario.

Los paises de Indoafroiberoamerica actuan hoy sobre un conjunto amplio de componentes sociopoliticos: la educacion, el desarrollo humano, la seguridad social, la economia, el trabajo, la cultura, etcetera. Ninguno, salvo Uruguay y Venezuela, ha incluido la Salud Publica en sus agendas politicas no obstante haber sido uno de los principales objetivos sobre los que avanzo el Consenso de Washington. La liberacion de una nacion depende de que el Estado tome las riendas de todas las areas esenciales para su desarrollo integral. Una de las mas importantes es la Salud Publica dado que incide directamente en: a) las posibilidades de desarrollo pleno de las potencialidades de su poblacion y el Desarrollo Nacional; b) la carga de morbilidad y los gastos del Estado en su atencion; c) la vulnerabilidad economico politica y sociocultural del pais. Esto no es frecuentemente visualizado por los politicos y politicas ni por la poblacion, tampoco por los profesionales y tecnicos de la salud. Este escrito plantea algunas vertientes de reflexion que tienen por objetivo generar lineas de accion academica, politica, cientifica y de las practicas profesionales. Apunta a incluir la Salud Publica en las agendas politicas de los poderes gubernamentales y de la sociedad.The countries of Indoafroiberoamerica act today on an abundant set of socio-political components: education, human development, social security, economy, work, culture, etc. None of then, except for Uruguay and Venezuela, has included the Public Health in its political agendas despite of have been one of the main objectives on which it advanced the Consensus of Washington. The liberation of a nation depends on which the State takes the wheel from all the essential areas for its integral development. One of most important is Public Health since it affects directly: a) the possibilities of total development of the potentialities of its population and the National Development; b) the load of morbidity and the expenses of the State in its attention; c) the political and socio-cultural and economic vulnerability of the country. This frequently is not visualized by the politicians and policies or by the population, either by the professionals and technicians of health. This writing raises some slopes of political, scientific reflection, that have by objective to generate lines of academic action and of the professional practices. It aims to include Public Health in the political agendas of the governmental powers and the society.
Recombinant Escherichia coli clones expressing Chlamydia trachomatis gene products attach to human endometrial epithelial cells

To identify Chlamydia trachomatis genes involved in attachment to host cells, a chlamydial genomic library was screened on the basis of binding characteristics by two methods. In the whole-cell screen, individual recombinant Escherichia coli clones were assayed for adherence to eukaryotic cells. In the membrane-binding screen, each recombinant colony of E. coli was treated with CHCl3 and assayed for binding to purified, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethyl-ammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS)-solubilized, 35S-labeled eukaryotic membrane material. Initial screening with McCoy cells was refined by using HEC-1B cells, a human endometrial epithelial cell line, which discriminate among recombinants adhering to McCoy cells. Some recombinants demonstrate significantly greater adherence to HEC-1B cells than to McCoy cells and appear, by transmission electron microscopy, to associate with electron-dense areas of the epithelial cell plasma membrane, resembling coated pits. Recombinants positive by one or both screening methods were examined by Southern and Western (immunoblot) analyses, which revealed the presence of chlamydial sequences inserted in the plasmids and the expression of novel 18-, 28-, and approximately 82 kDa, and perhaps of 18 Maxicell analysis of selected recombinants confirmed that the proteins of 28 and approximately 82 kDa, and perhaps of 18 kDa, are plasmid encoded. Antiserum generated against the recombinant approximately 82-kDa protein reacted in Western analysis with a similar-sized protein from C. trachomatis serovar E elementary bodies (EB) and reticulate bodies, serovar L2 EB, and C. psittaci EB. E. coli JM109(pPBW58) contains a 6.7-kb plasmid insert which encodes proteins of all three sizes. Under a number of different conditions in the whole-cell attachment assay--i.e., at 4 degrees C, in Ca(2+)- and Mg(2+)-free medium, in the presence of trypsin or dextran sulfate, and with rabbit aortic endothelial cells--the binding specificity of JM109(pPBW58) parallels that of C. trachomatis EB. Finally, the adherence phenotype of E. coli JM109(pPBW58) correlates directly with the presence of the recombinant plasmid; the phenotype is lost concurrently with loss of the recombinant plasmid, and the into E. coli JM109. The role of the 18-, 28-, and approximately 82-kDa proteins in mediating attachment, whether they act in concert as a complex or individually, has yet to be determined.