Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Petrol Prices and Government Bonds Risk Premiums

Emerging countries, like Brazil, China and India are in constant evolution since the early 90s. During this period, the issuance of bonds by developing countries has increased significantly reflecting their needs substantial investment in infrastructure and long-term projects. But at the same time, they had to face a series of financial crises that has significantly reduced their credit capacity and increasing the spread, therefore the cost of financing. The aim of this paper is to understand the determinants of this spread and the macroeconomic indicators and other variables which can explain it.
A Feasibility Study of a LQTS-Specific Workshop: Childrens' Problem-Solving Skills, Coping, Self-Efficacy, and Locus of Control

Living with a chronic medical condition in childhood and adolescence requires many critical lifestyle changes and restrictions, which may compromise psychosocial development. Social problem-solving skills have been shown to enhance the ability to cope with both minor and major daily stressors and to minimize psychological problems associated with physical health problems. The research is part of a larger study with children with long QT syndrome (LQTS) and their parents; the present study focuses on the children. This study was developed to examine the feasibility and efficacy of a problem-solving workshop to increase problem solving, self-efficacy, coping, and locus of control in children with LQTS. Participants were two parent-child dyads. Parents participated to learn problem-solving skills and coach their children in learning these skills. There was very good agreement (ĸ = 0.986) among the independent raters regarding the extent to which the protocol was implemented as intended. Overall evaluations of the workshop by participants were positive, and the workshop was deemed both feasible and effective. Child participants had overall increases in problem-solving skills and maintained these improvements throughout follow-up. They also had increases in coping abilities at 1-month follow-up, but scores returned to baseline at the 3-month follow-up. Although there was a slight increase in locus of control, self-efficacy scores fluctuated from baseline to the 3-month follow-up. The inclusion of parents in the workshop is believed to have helped facilitate children’s short-term gains on outcome measures. Continual support and review of problem-solving skills may be necessary to facilitate long-term gains in problem-solving, coping, and adaptive skills in children.
Survey on Key Technologies of Eye Gaze Tracking

Despite active research and significant progress in the last 30 years, gaze estimation remains challenging due to the light conditions, eye detection and calibration. This paper reviews current progress and state of the art in video-based eye detection and gaze estimation in order to identify promising techniques as well as issues to be further addressed. We present a detailed review of recent techniques for eye detection and gaze estimation. We also survey methods for gaze estimation and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these systems. This review shows that, despite their apparent simplicity, the development of a general eye detection technique involves addressing many challenges, requires further theoretical developments.
Value Chain Dynamics of Agri-Food Exports from Southern Mediterranean to the European Union: End-Market Perspective

This contribution explores the buyer side of the value chains of the main agricultural products exported from the Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPCs) to the EU, taking Spain as an explorative case study in the broader European context. It draws on the Global Value Chain (GVC) approach to provide new survey-based evidence for better profiling the opportunities and constraints for EU trade for orange, strawberry, tomato and olive oil imported from Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt and Turkey. The approach used complements inquiries using quantitative trade models usually based on aggregate sectoral level. Results show differences depending on the product and the country studied. There are in all cases multiple challenges to be solved at the origin of the value chain including better chain organization, further transparency and security, improvement in infrastructure and logistics, keeping transaction costs manageable at the same time. Consumer preferences in buyer markets when sourcing must be taken on the first place. The findings can have relevant policy implications in terms of prospective Euro-Mediterranean Partnership Agreements on agriculture and food.
10 × 10 mm 2 MgB 2 FILM FABRICATED BY HPCVD AS A CANDIDATE MATERIAL FOR SRF CAVITY

Magnesium diboride (MgB2) is a candidate material for superconducting radio frequency cavities because of its features: high transition temperature of ~39K and absence of weak links between grains which prevents other high-Tc superconducting materials to be used for SRF cavity, such as YBCO. Most of MgB2 films fabricated on metal substrates by HPVD are about 5 × 5 mm. In this work, we successfully grew 10 × 10 mm MgB2 film on Mo substrate with polycrystalline structure by using HPCVD method. SEM images indicate the good surface morphology and uniformity of this film. Tc at different parts of the film are from 38 K to 39 K, with transition width T less than 0.5 K.
Decomposing Kn ∪ P into triangles

In this paper, we extend the work on minimum coverings of Kn with triangles. We prove that when P is any forest on n vertices the multigraph G = Kn ∪ P can be decomposed into triangles if and only if three trivial necessary conditions are satis4ed: (i) each vertex in G has even degree, (ii) each vertex in P has odd degree, and (iii) the number of edges in G is a multiple of 3. This result is of particular interest because the corresponding packing problem where the leave is any forest is yet to be solved. We also consider some other families of packings, and provide a variation on a proof by Colbourn and Rosa which settled the packing problem when P is any 2-regular graph on at most n vertices. c © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A comparative study on antioxidant, proximate analysis, antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of Aloe vera and Cissus quadrangularis by GC-MS.

Plants have been an important source of medicine with qualities for thousands of years. Mainly on traditional remedies such as herbs for their history it has been used as a popular folk medicine. Aloe vera and Cissus quadrangularis these are used as medicinal values, Aloe vera contains both medicine and cosmetic effect. Screening of phytochemical (Qualitative and Quantitative) analysis of Aloe vera and Cissus quadrangularis shows that almost of the chemical constituents are present Tannin, Phlobatannins, Saponin, Flavonoids, Steroids, Terpenoids, and Cardiac glycosides Anthroquinones which are used in medicinal purpose. Both Aloe vera and Cissus quadrangularis are having the antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. In 100% concentration of extraction zone of inhibition is high. But 25%, 50% and 75% shows the lowest inhibition activity. Proximate analysis indicates the nutrients efficacy. In GC-MS analysis some of the Phytocomponents are screened as Squalene Oleic Acid, Dodecanoic acid in Aloe vera. Eugenol, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester, Phenol, 2,4-bis(1phenylethyl)are present in Cissus quadrangularis.
On Higher Syzygies of Projective Toric Varieties

Let A be an ample line bundle on a projective toric variety X of dimension n (≥ 2). It is known that the d-th tensor power A ⊗d embedds X as a projectively normal variety in P r := P(H 0 (X, L ⊗d )) if d ≥ n − 1. In this paper first we show that when dim X = 2 the line bundle A ⊗d satisfies the property Np for p ≤ 3d − 3. Second we show that when dim X = n ≥ 3 the bundle A ⊗d satisfies the property Np for p ≤ d − n + 2 and d ≥ n − 1.
Alzheimer’s disease and adult neurogenesis—Are endogenous stem cells part of the solution?

The human brain produces new neurons that mediate hippocampal plasticity but also have a potential role in hippocampal-related disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Factors such as stress and aging that reduce adult neurogenesis also serve as independent risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. Causality between loss of neurogenesis and hippocampal dysfunction has not been established; however, neurogenesis is an attractive research avenue for therapy since it is readily modifiable. Activities such as running and enrichment increase the proliferation of neural stem cells and survival of nascent neuroblasts. Adult neurogenesis may alternatively reflect capacity to overcome age-dependent insults and neurodegeneration in the hippocampus. This collectively indicates that stimulation of endogenous cells or transplantation of neural stem cells are potential pathways reversing the behavioral changes associated with neurodegenerative disorders by augmenting structural plasticity of the hippocampus. Continued research in this area and in appropriate animal models of disease is critical for evaluating whether neurogenesis-based therapeutic strategies will have the potential to aid those with degenerative conditions.
HABITAT, THE TEMPLET FOR ECOLOGICAL STRATEGIES?

The very etymology of Ecology, from the greek 'Qikos', 'the household', implies that ecologists should devote some attention to the 'house' or habitat of the population or community they are studying. However, as Charles Elton (1966) has so forcibly pointed out, 'definition of habitats, or rather lack of it, is one of the chief blind spots in Zoology'. Elton himself has provided us with a qualitative classification of habitats, while another past President, Alex Watt (1947) highlighted the dynamic nature of habitats by his phrase, 'pattern and process'. Elton referred to the need to quantify habitat characteristics. In this Address I will attempt some quantification;however, you will all be aware that in doing this I will not be able to emulate those former Presidents who have been able to provide a definitative synthesis of a field or of their own studies, my offering can be but a small beginning, an indication of the type of characteristics we should quantify. In considering ecosystem patterns and environment R. M. May (1974) writes 'it is to be emphasized that although patterns may underlie the rich and varied tapestry of the natural world, there is no single simple pattern. Theories must be pluralistic'. Indeed, the complexity of the subject is daunting and in any attempt to formulate some type of general framework, one is continually beset with exceptions. In stressing the need for a framework I am echoing a plea of my predecessor Amyan Macfadyen (1975) who cited K. E. F. Watt's (1971) vivid image 'if we do not develop a strong theoretical core that will bring all parts of ecology back together we shall all be washed out to sea in an immense tide of unrelated information'. In some ways I think we may see ourselves at a similar point to the inorganic chemist before the development of the periodic table; then he could not predict, for example, how soluble a particular sulphate would be, or what was the likelihood of a particular reaction occurring. Each fact had to be discovered for itself and each must be remembered in isolation. It is noteworthy that from Dobereiner's early efforts in 1816 it took more than fifty years before Mendeleeff ormulated his Periodic Law (1869) and even after this there were various attempts at rearrangement. Another parallel may be drawn with astronomy before the development of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram that relates the evolution and the properties of stars. Again in our own subject biology, the situation is somewhat analagous to that before the formulation of the Linnean system of classification; but now from this system of classification, we are able to organize our knowledge of, for example, the functional morphology of organisms and we can even make assumptions, with a high probability
Scale‐dependent groundwater contributions influence patterns of winter baseflow stream chemistry in boreal catchments

Understanding how the sources of surface water change along river networks is an important challenge, with implications for soil‐stream interactions, and our ability to predict hydrological and biogeochemical responses to environmental change. Network‐scale patterns of stream water reflect distinct hydrological processes among headwater units, as well as variable contributions from deeper groundwater stores, which may vary nonlinearly with drainage basin size. Here we explore the spatial variability of groundwater inputs to streams, and the corresponding implications for surface water chemistry, during winter baseflow in a boreal river network. The relative contribution of recent and older groundwater was determined using stable isotopes of water (δ18O) at 78 locations ranging from small headwaters (0.12 km2) to fourth‐order streams (68 km2) in combination with 79 precipitation and 10 deep groundwater samples. Results from a two end‐member mixing model indicate that deeper groundwater inputs increased nonlinearly with drainage area, ranging from ~20% in smaller headwater subcatchments to 70–80% for catchments with a 10.6 km2 area or larger. Increases in the groundwater contribution were positively correlated to network‐scale patterns in surface stream pH and base cation concentrations and negatively correlated to dissolved organic carbon. These trends in chemical variables are consistent with the production of weathering products and the mineralization of organic matter along groundwater flow paths. Together, the use of stable isotopes and biogeochemical markers illustrate how variation in hydrologic routing and groundwater contributions shape network‐scale patterns in stream chemistry as well as patchiness in the relative sensitivity of streams to environmental change and perturbation.
The differences in dividend payout ratio and market performance of companies that perform and do not perform real activities manipulation

AB S T RA C T This research aims to provide empirical evidence of whether there is a difference in the dividend payout ratio and market performance of companies which perform and do not perform real activities manipulation in manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2009 – 2011. The model of real activities manipulation used is based on Roychowdhury (2006). The Researcher uses regression model to determine the value of abnormal operating cash flow. There are two hypotheses in this study, the first hypothesis testing uses Wilcoxon – Mann – Whitney Test to notice any difference in dividend payout ratio of companies that perform and do not perform real activities manipulation. The second hypothesis test also uses Wilcoxon – Mann – Whitney Test to notice any difference in market performance of companies that perform and do not perform real activities manipulation. Based on the result of the analysis, many companies perform real activities manipulation, so cash flow statement can be used as an indicator of whether the companies perform real activities manipulation. The first hypothesis test result finds that there is no difference in dividend payout ratio of companies that manipulate and do not manipulate real activities. And the second hypothesis test result also finds that there is no difference in market performance of companies that manipulate and do not manipulate real activities.
Quantitative application of pulse phase thermography to determine material parameters

This work presents a method to determine material parameters of pulse thermography data transformed form the time domain into the frequency domain. The procedure for determining the material parameters is based on a 1D solid model. At first a physically correct and piecewise continuous trial function is fitted to the measured temperature curve in the time domain. At next the trial function is transformed in the frequency domain by Integral Fourier transformation. In the frequency domain the Green’s function method is used to solve the heat conduction equation analytically. To determine material parameters of the inspected specimen, the phase curve of the analytical solution of the heat conduction equation is fitted to the phase curve of the transformed trial functions. Using this method, the parameters ω0, B1 and H can be determined which correspond to the material parameters L,  and k as well as the heat transfer coefficients h1 and h2.
LIQUISOLID TECHNIQUE: AN APPROACH FOR ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY

Liquisolid technique is also known as powder solution technology. It is the technique which deals with the solubility enhancement of poorly soluble drugs. As these days there are many drugs in the market with poor solubility which leads to poor dissolution and bioavailability, so solubility is becoming rate limiting factor in the development of new drugs. To overcome this problem there are many techniques but liquisolid technique is most promising technique which is discussed in this article. Liquisolid is mainly composed of drug, non volatile solvent, carrier material, coating material, and disintegrant. In liquisolid technique carrier and coating material which should be in the ratio of 20:1 is mixed into the non volatile solvent and then disintegrant is added and final material is compressed into tablets. Hence, the liquisolid technology allows the transformation of liquid systems into solid drug delivery systems. Both immediate and sustained release of drug can also be achieved with the help of liquisolid technique. For sustained release of drug hydrophilic polymer like Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose can be the best option. The purpose of this article is to describe about the liquisolid technique like basics, classification, preformulation studies, characterisation, precompression studies, formulation of tablet, postcompression studies, advantages, disadvantages, applications.
Thermodynamics of a- and b-Structure Formation in Proteins

An atomic protein model with a minimalistic potential is developed and then tested on an a-helix and a b-hairpin, using exactly the same parameters for both peptides. We find that melting curves for these sequences to a good approximation can be described by a simple two-state model, with parameters that are in reasonable quantitative agreement with experimental data. Despite the apparent two-state character of the melting curves, the energy distributions are found to lack a clear bimodal shape, which is discussed in some detail. We also perform a Monte Carlo-based kinetic study and find, in accord with experimental data, that the a-helix forms faster than the b-hairpin.
At Rest

Mobile health (mHealth) monitoring using Cloud, applies the common mobile communications and cloud computing technologies to provide feedback decision support, which has been considered as a new approach to improve the quality of healthcare service while lowering the healthcare cost. Unfortunately it is also at a position of serious risk on both clients/ mobile user’s privacy and intellectual property of monitoring service providers, which could prevent the wide adoption of mHealth technology. Mobile health monitoring system provides an ease of efficient information flow and security to information from user to the company (our system) and vice versa. The system is used to monitor the health parameters of the user and stratify the user queries. The client, trusted authority, the company and server are unaware of parameters passed in the network. For security purpose we implemented Identity Based Encryption. Further in this paper we will see the improvised usage of algorithm which we have implemented i.e. Hierarchical Identity Based Encryption. The system promises authentication, ease of use and cost effective. The goal of the proposed system to make it more users friendly and provide salvation of the data.
Local regularity analysis of strata heterogeneities from sonic logs

Abstract. Borehole logs provide geological information about the rocks crossed by the wells. Several properties of rocks can be interpreted in terms of lithology, type and quantity of the fluid filling the pores and fractures. Here, the logs are assumed to be nonhomogeneous Brownian motions (nhBms) which are generalized fractional Brownian motions (fBms) indexed by depth-dependent Hurst parameters H(z). Three techniques, the local wavelet approach (LWA), the average-local wavelet approach (ALWA), and Peltier Algorithm (PA), are suggested to estimate the Hurst functions (or the regularity profiles) from the logs. First, two synthetic sonic logs with different parameters, shaped by the successive random additions (SRA) algorithm, are used to demonstrate the potential of the proposed methods. The obtained Hurst functions are close to the theoretical Hurst functions. Besides, the transitions between the modeled layers are marked by Hurst values discontinuities. It is also shown that PA leads to the best Hurst value estimations. Second, we investigate the multifractional property of sonic logs data recorded at two scientific deep boreholes: the pilot hole VB and the ultra deep main hole HB, drilled for the German Continental Deep Drilling Program (KTB). All the regularity profiles independently obtained for the logs provide a clear correlation with lithology, and from each regularity profile, we derive a similar segmentation in terms of lithological units. The lithological discontinuities (strata' bounds and faults contacts) are located at the local extrema of the Hurst functions. Moreover, the regularity profiles are compared with the KTB estimated porosity logs, showing a significant relation between the local extrema of the Hurst functions and the fluid-filled fractures. The Hurst function may then constitute a tool to characterize underground heterogeneities.
Influence of Dietary Supplementation of Carotenoid (Diacetate of Lutein-Mesozeaxanthin) On Growth Performance, Biochemical Body Composition in Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbrgii

The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of one of the carotenoids (diacetate of lutein-mesozeaxanthin) on growth performance, proximate composition of body and water quality in freshwater prawn, M. rosenbergii in fiber reinforced plastic tanks (120 l capacity) for 60 days in a recirculatory aquaculture system. Uniform sized PL of M. rosenbergii with an average range of weight (0.32 to 0.37g) was used for the study. The study was carried out in triplicate groups and prawns were stocked at the rate of 50 numbers per tank. Three test diets namely T 1 , T 2 and T 3 with 35% protein content were formulated. Diet T1 had 60ppm, T1 had 120ppm and T3 had 180 ppm Diacetate of lutein-mesozeaxanthin and diet without diacetate of luteinmesozeaxanthin supplementation served as control (T0). Growth parameters and survival factors were analyzed at the end of feeding trial. After 60 days, weight gain (1.238±0.07), Specific Growth Rate (2.53±0.05), Feed Efficiency Rate (0.440±0.00), Protein Efficiency Rate (1.259±0.00), Survival Rate (80.00±12.02), Percentage of Mean Weight Gain (356.77±0.65), Daily Growth Rate (5.94±0.21), Daily Growth Index (0.77±0.08), Growth Coefficient (1.630±0.05) were higher in prawns fed the Diacetate of lutein-mesozeaxanthin added diets compared to control and lower feed conversion ratio (2.26±0.01) was observed in T3. The best results of M. rosenbergii in terms of growth factors were recorded in treatment T3 followed by T2, T1, T0, and significant differences (P 0.05) between them with regard to survival rate. There were no significant differences in water quality and proximate composition among different treatments. These findings demonstrated the dietary carotenoid (diacetate of lutein-mesozeaxanthin) can be used for enhancing of growth in M. rosenbergii, but no effect on survival, water quality and proximate composition.