Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Self-Inflicted Injuries at an Urban City Hospital

Background Suicide is a major public health issue with root causes including psychological, economical, and societal factors. Methods Retrospective review identified self-inflicted traumatic injuries (SITIs) at Grady Health System between 2009 and 2017. Patients were categorized by penetrating or blunt mechanism of injury (MOI). Outcomes included hospital length of stay (HLOS) and ventilator duration, mortality, and location of death. Results 678 patients in total were identified. Penetrating MOI was most prevalent (n = 474). Patients with a blunt MOI were significantly younger (32 Y vs. 37 Y; P < .0001). Psychiatric illness was equally common between MOI at more than 50%. Penetrating traumas required longer ventilator times (1 D vs. 0 D; P < .0001) but shorter overall HLOS (4 D vs. 6 D; P = .0013). Mortality was twice as high in the penetrating group (29.8% vs. 11.8%; P < .0001). Conclusion Self-inflicted traumatic injuries occurred most often among younger adults and those with history of psychiatric illness. Penetrating traumas result in worse outcomes. Self-inflicted traumatic injuries carry high morbidity and mortality. Improved prevention strategies targeting high-risk groups are needed.
Illness Representation and Self-Efficacy: An Exploration of Fatigue Factors in Middle-Aged Stroke Survivors

The purpose of this study is twofold: to examine the relationship between illness representation and self-efficacy and to test the determinants and the effect of self-efficacy, resilience, and stroke impact on fatigue in middle-aged stroke survivors. This study used a cross-sectional and quantitative approach. The instruments included the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale, Stroke Impact Scale, Resilience Scale, and Fatigue Impact Scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to analyze the data. A total of 63 patients with stroke (39 male and 24 female) were recruited form a medical university hospital. The results showed that patients’ illness representation had a significantly effect on self-efficacy for managing disease. In addition, SEM analysis demonstrated that self-efficacy, resilience and stroke impact influenced fatigue, explaining 20.6% of the variance in fatigue. It was concluded that to improve patient fatigue, we believe it is imperative to design interventions that improve patients’ self-efficacy, promote patients’ resilience, and better function.
Long-Term Outcomes of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Undifferentiated-Type Early Gastric Cancer

143 Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard treatment for the subset of patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) satisfying prespecified criteria. The long-term prognosis following ESD for cases of EGC meeting the ESD criteria (achievement of curative resection) is comparable to that achieved with surgical resection. However, this long-term prognosis comparison categorized by the histology according to the differentiation, especially for undifferentiated-type EGC, has not been well established. In the context of histology, undifferentiated-type EGC generally refers to poorly-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, or poorly cohesive carcinoma. Although undifferentiated-type EGC is included among the expanded indications of ESD, the rate of curative resection remains low, reported previously as 61.4% in a meta-analysis and 36.4% in a nationwide cohort study in Korea. This implies that an unmet need persists regarding the accurate prediction of curative resection in undifferentiated-type EGC (difficulty in adopting a precise ESD indication). Therefore, proper candidate selection prior to ESD is important. Endoscopists predict the probability of curative resection using the size and shape of the lesion and whether ulcers are present or not. The most fundamental hypothesis is that endoscopic resection can be performed with curative intent for EGCs without lymph node metastasis. Therefore, indications of ESD were established using the combination of factors associated with a negligible lymph-node metastasis rate from the retrospective analysis of surgically resected specimens. These indications are categorized as per the histology of EGC according to the differentiation, size, and morphologic conditions of the involved lesion. However, optical endoscopic determination of the factors stated above involves operator-dependent characteristics. In the study of a Korean multicenter registry of ESD for undifferentiated-type EGC, there was a discrepancy between pre-ESD indications and post-ESD criteria in 36.7% of all lesions. The underestimation of the size was the most common reason for non-curative resection (71.4%), followed by the underestimation of the invasion depth (32%) and unpredictability of lymphovascular invasion (14.9%). Undifferentiated-type EGC has distinctive growth patterns relative to differentiated-type EGC. Undifferentiated-type EGC is known to extend laterally along the proliferative zone in the intermediate layer of the mucosa (subepithelial spreading), and the development pattern from the intermediate layer could lead to non-exposure to the surface mucosa, limiting the precise measurement of the size of the lesion. Subepithelial-spreading signet-ring cell carcinoma is more prevalent than the epithelial-spreading type in cases with background COMMENTARY
Drug-Induced Lupus with Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Associated with Apixaban

Drug-induced lupus is an iatrogenic-induced autoimmune disease with common offending agents well documented in the literature. To our knowledge, there are no prior case reports of drug-induced lupus associated with apixaban or any other direct oral anticoagulant. We describe a case of drug-induced lupus with leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with apixaban started 15 days prior, after a WATCHMAN procedure for atrial fibrillation in an 86-year-old male previously anticoagulated on rivaroxaban.
Middle-East OBGYN Graduate Education (MOGGE) Foundation practice guidelines: prevention of group B Streptococcus infection in pregnancy and in newborn. Practice guideline no. 02-O-20

Abstract Rectovaginal colonization with group B streptococcus (GBS) is commonly encountered in pregnancy. GBS is the most common cause of early onset neonatal sepsis, which is associated with 12% case-fatality rate. Although screening protocols and prophylactic treatment are readily available worldwide, practice in low-resource countries is challenged by lack of awareness and limited implementation of these protocols. In addition, antibiotic susceptibility pattern may vary globally owing to different regulations of antibiotic prescription or prevalence of certain bacterial serotypes. This guideline appraises current evidence on screening and management of GBS colonization in pregnancy particularly in low-resource settings.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Is a Promising Method to Restore Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Relieve Neurological Deficits after Traumatic Brain Injury

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can induce persistent fluctuation in the gut microbiota makeup and abundance. The present study is aimed at determining whether fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can rescue microbiota changes and ameliorate neurological deficits after TBI in rats. Methods A controlled cortical impact (CCI) model was used to simulate TBI in male Sprague-Dawley rats, and FMT was performed for 7 consecutive days. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing of fecal samples was performed to analyze the effects of FMT on gut microbiota. Modified neurological severity score and Morris water maze were used to evaluate neurobehavioral functions. Metabolomics was used to screen differential metabolites from the rat serum and ipsilateral brains. The oxidative stress indices were measured in the brain. Results TBI induced significance changes in the gut microbiome, including the alpha- and beta-bacterial diversity, as well as the microbiome composition at 8 days after TBI. On the other hand, FMT could rescue these changes and relieve neurological deficits after TBI. Metabolomics results showed that the level of trimethylamine (TMA) in feces and the level of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in the ipsilateral brain and serum was increased after TBI, while FMT decreased TMA levels in the feces, and TMAO levels in the ipsilateral brain and serum. Antioxidant enzyme methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) in the ipsilateral hippocampus was decreased after TBI but increased after FMT. In addition, FMT elevated SOD and CAT activities and GSH/GSSG ratio and diminished ROS, GSSG, and MDA levels in the ipsilateral hippocampus after TBI. Conclusions FMT can restore gut microbiota dysbiosis and relieve neurological deficits possibly through the TMA-TMAO-MsrA signaling pathway after TBI.
Polychlorochinated Biphenyl (PCBs) residues in suburban red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) - preliminary study

The objective of our study was to determine residues of PCB indicator congeners in select organs of suburban foxes from the West Pomeranian area of Poland. Quantitative analysis was conducted by capillary gas chromatography using the mass spectrometry method. Mean concentrations of ΣPCBs (sum of PCBs: 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180) in the liver and lung was 389.99 ng/g and 110.57 ng/g of lipid weight. The proportion of dominant congeners (#180, 153 and 138) in total PCB was 90.9% in the liver and 77.1% in lungs. The PCB concentrations obtained in the liver of foxes are lower than the literature data, especially with regard to highly chlorinated congeners.
The solution of the time dependent Schrödinger equation by the (t,t’) method: The use of global polynomial propagators for time dependent Hamiltonians

Using the (t,t’) method as introduced in Ref. [J. Chem. Phys. 99, 4590 (1993)] computational techniques which originally were developed for time independent Hamiltonians can be used for propagating an initial state for explicitly time dependent Hamiltonians. The present paper presents a time dependent integrator of the Schrodinger equation based on a Chebychev expansion, of the operator U(x,t’,t0→t), and the Fourier pseudospectral method for calculating spatial derivatives [(∂2/∂x2),(∂/∂t’)]. Illustrative numerical examples for harmonic and Morse oscillators interacting with CW and short pulsed laser fields are given.
Reliability of the Swedish version of the multidimensional outcome expectations for exercise scale (MOEES-SW) in a cardiac population

ABSTRACT Purpose Translate and adapt the Multidimensional Outcome Expectations for Exercise Scale (MOEES) into Swedish language and to explore psychometric properties, in terms of test-retest reliability, internal consistency as well as factor structure and floor and ceiling effects, of the Swedish version of MOEES in cardiac patients. Materials and methods This prospective psychometrical study set in a Swedish cardiac rehabilitation outpatient clinic included 74 patients; age 318 years after acute coronary syndrome or that had undergone cardiac surgery. Translation and adaptation procedure of the MOEES followed established international guidelines. To evaluate test-retest reliability, relative (intra-class correlation coefficient ICC, 2.1)and absolute reliability (standard error of measurement (SEM) standard error of measurement % (SEM%), percentage of absolute agreement and Kappa coefficient for each item were calculated. Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach´s alpha. The original 3-factor structure was tested with a confirmatory factor analysis. Floor and ceiling effects were calculated. Results In total, 60 patients, mean age 65 years, were included in the study. The test-retest showed for the three outcome expectations subscales (Physical, Self-evaluative and Social) ICC-values of 0.40 (CI 95% 0.20-0.58), 0.57 (0.39-0.71) and 0.72 (0.57–0.83), respectively. In general, the Kappa coefficients were low and varied between 0.11 and 0.44. Two questions had low loadings in the confirmatory factor analysis (<0.5) , contributing to a weak fit of the model. There was no floor effect, but the subscales physical and self-evaluative outcome expectation showed ceiling effects. Conclusion This is the first study to analyse test-retest reliability of the translated version of MOEES into Swedish in cardiac patients and shows need for further development of the instrument before use in clinical practice and research.
Octogenarian Atrial Fibrillation Ablation with New NavX EnSite “Live View” Tool

Background Atrial Fibrillation ablation in older patients represents a challenge to be addressed to ensure the improvement of the quality of life and survival of these patients. New mapping system tools can help to treat older patients because of its ability to simplify and reduce procedural risks. The new NavX EnSite “Live view” tool allows dynamic “beat to beat” activation and voltage mapping visualization in order to instantly recognize vein disconnection and minimize RF deliveries. Methods An 81-year old patient with paroxysmal AF and well-documented firing focus trigger underwent pulmonary veins isolation using NavX EnSite Precision, HD Grid multipolar catheter, and the new “Live view” tool. Results All pulmonary veins were successfully isolated with no procedural complications. “Live view” tool allows to perform shorter and safer procedure (total procedural time: 90 minutes, left atrium dwell time: 60 minutes, total RF delivery number: 78). Conclusion “Live view tool” allows dynamic activation and voltage mapping in order to perform a safe and tailored approach to ablation, especially in older patients.
Chemical constituents and phytochemical properties of floral maize pollen

Currently, bee-gathered pollen (bee pollen) is commonly used worldwide as a dietary supplement and is recognized for its curative properties. Floral pollen is also important but is less recognized due to a lack of investigation. This study aims to determine the morphological characteristics and nutritional and phytochemical properties of floral maize pollen. Fresh pollen grains harvested from a farm of maize plants are yellow in colour and spheroid in shape. They change to amber and indented prismatic solid shapes when dehydrated. The main composition of floral maize pollen is carbohydrates (44.30±3.73%), followed by moisture (23.38±5.73%), crude proteins (17.16±3.13%), crude fibres (9.56±0.92%), and ash (4.98±0.11%), while the lowest content is observed for crude fats (0.62±0.06%). The predominant mineral is potassium (768.50±11.40 mg 100 g-1), followed by sodium (695.10±9.70 mg 100 g-1), calcium (147.20±12.60 mg 100 g-1), and magnesium (97.30±2.9 mg 100 g-1). The microelements (with average values) consist of iron (49.50±3.30 mg 100 g-1) and zinc (30.00±3.70 mg 100 g-1). Excellent phytochemical properties add value to floral maize pollen. Maize pollen contains a high total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of 783.02 mg GAE 100 g-1 and 1706.83 mg QE 100 g-1, respectively, and possesses strong antioxidant activity of 10.54 mg mL-1. Maize floral pollen and derived products can serve as future food resources for human consumption and as a source of functional and bioactive compounds in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
Method for Horizontal Calibration of Laser-Projection Transnasal Fiberoptic High-Speed Videoendoscopy

Objective: Calibrated horizontal measurements (e.g., mm) from endoscopic procedures could be utilized for advancement of evidence-based practice and personalized medicine. However, the size of an object in endoscopic images is not readily calibrated and depends on multiple factors, including the distance between the endoscope and the target surface. Additionally, acquired images may have significant non-linear distortion that would further complicate calibrated measurements. This study used a recently developed in-vivo laser-projection fiberoptic laryngoscope and proposes a method for calibrated spatial measurements. Method: A set of circular grids were recorded at multiple working distances. A statistical model was trained that would map from pixel length of the object, the working distance, and the spatial location of the target object into its mm length. Result: A detailed analysis of the performance of the proposed method is presented. The analyses have shown that the accuracy of the proposed method does not depend on the working distance and length of the target object. The estimated average magnitude of error was 0.27 mm, which is three times lower than the existing alternative. Conclusion: The presented method can achieve sub-millimeter accuracy in horizontal measurement. Significance: Evidence-based practice and personalized medicine could significantly benefit from the proposed method. Implications of the findings for other endoscopic procedures are also discussed.
The amoral atheist? A cross-national examination of cultural, motivational, and cognitive antecedents of disbelief, and their implications for morality

There is a widespread cross-cultural stereotype suggesting that atheists are untrustworthy and lack a moral compass. Is there any truth to this notion? Building on theory about the cultural, (de)motivational, and cognitive antecedents of disbelief, the present research investigated whether there are reliable similarities as well as differences between believers and disbelievers in the moral values and principles they endorse. Four studies examined how religious disbelief (vs. belief) relates to endorsement of various moral values and principles in a predominately religious (vs. irreligious) country (the U.S. vs. Sweden). Two U.S. M-Turk studies (Studies 1A and 1B, N = 429) and two large cross-national studies (Studies 2–3, N = 4,193), consistently show that disbelievers (vs. believers) are less inclined to endorse moral values that serve group cohesion (the binding moral foundations). By contrast, only minor differences between believers and disbelievers were found in endorsement of other moral values (individualizing moral foundations, epistemic rationality). It is also demonstrated that presumed cultural and demotivational antecedents of disbelief (limited exposure to credibility-enhancing displays, low existential threat) are associated with disbelief. Furthermore, these factors are associated with weaker endorsement of the binding moral foundations in both countries (Study 2). Most of these findings were replicated in Study 3, and results also show that disbelievers (vs. believers) have a more consequentialist view of morality in both countries. A consequentialist view of morality was also associated with another presumed antecedent of disbelief—analytic cognitive style.
Intracranial Grade II Meningioma Oligometastatic to the Cervical Spine

For intracranial meningiomas that metastasize extracranially, an oligometastatic state exists that is intermediate between incurable, widely metastatic disease and non-metastatic curable disease. Similar to oligometastatic cancer, aggressive local treatment of meningioma oligometastases is warranted, as it may be curable. We present a patient with multiply recurrent intracranial meningiomas over 19 years, with a transformation from grade I to grade II histology, with oligometastatic disease to the C5 vertebral body. Three years following definitive spinal stereotactic radiosurgery, she remains without evidence of other metastatic diseases. Our case highlights the oncologic concept that metastatic meningioma need not be widely disseminated and provides the clinical rationale for aggressive local treatment of an oligometastatic meningioma.
On the evolution and development of morphological complexity: A view from gene regulatory networks

How does morphological complexity evolve? This study suggests that the likelihood of mutations increasing phenotypic complexity becomes smaller when the phenotype itself is complex. In addition, the complexity of the genotype-phenotype map (GPM) also increases with the phenotypic complexity. We show that complex GPMs and the above mutational asymmetry are inevitable consequences of how genes need to be wired in order to build complex and robust phenotypes during development. We randomly wired genes and cell behaviors into networks in EmbryoMaker. EmbryoMaker is a mathematical model of development that can simulate any gene network, all animal cell behaviors (division, adhesion, apoptosis, etc.), cell signaling, cell and tissues biophysics, and the regulation of those behaviors by gene products. Through EmbryoMaker we simulated how each random network regulates development and the resulting morphology (i.e. a specific distribution of cells and gene expression in 3D). This way we obtained a zoo of possible 3D morphologies. Real gene networks are not random, but a random search allows a relatively unbiased exploration of what is needed to develop complex robust morphologies. Compared to the networks leading to simple morphologies, the networks leading to complex morphologies have the following in common: 1) They are rarer; 2) They need to be finely tuned; 3) Mutations in them tend to decrease morphological complexity; 4) They are less robust to noise; and 5) They have more complex GPMs. These results imply that, when complexity evolves, it does so at a progressively decreasing rate over generations. This is because as morphological complexity increases, the likelihood of mutations increasing complexity decreases, morphologies become less robust to noise, and the GPM becomes more complex. We find some properties in common, but also some important differences, with non-developmental GPM models (e.g. RNA, protein and gene networks in single cells).
Implementation of Evidence-Based Practices in Intergenerational Programming: A Scoping Review

Evidence-based intergenerational practices are sought by practitioners interested in the potential value of intergenerational programs. These are often difficult to identify as intergenerational program research frequently consists of small samples and pre-post analyses of attitudinal data with little attention to implementation characteristics. We systematically identified evidence-based intergenerational practices linked to program outcomes from peer-reviewed journal articles (n = 21) published between 2000 and 2019. Scoping reviews facilitate synthesis of available evidence-based practices and identification of gaps in the literature. Fifteen evidence-based intergenerational practices were identified; each was coded in at least five articles. The practices informed program content (e.g., using technology), program considerations (e.g., environmental modifications), facilitator and participant preparation (e.g., training), and quality interactions among participants (e.g., incorporating mechanisms of friendship). While these identified practices reflect extant theory and research, rigorous implementation research is needed to advance evidence-based intergenerational practice as policymakers and practitioners advocate for intergenerational program growth.