Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Melioidosis-Reactivation of Latent Disease: Case Presentation and Review

Melioidosis, caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a disease of the tropics that rarely occurs in the United States. Disease may occur years or decades after exposure and can appear in acute, chronic, relapsing or reactivated forms, which makes diagnosis more problematic. We report on the clinical aspects of a case of reactivated melioidosis, diagnosed approximately 36 years after initial exposure and after a recently published case with a purported latency of 62 years. Our case patient highlights the clinically complex picture often presented by melioidosis patients, the difficulties in laboratory identification of the causative pathogen, and challenges in provision of appropriate antibiotic therapy for a prolonged period. We survey the current literature with regard to melioidosis epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment, and report on several cases of reactivation melioidosis not included in previous reviews. We also discuss the clinical and public health aspects of Burkholderia pseudomallei as a Category B agent with potential for use as biological weapon and the importance of physicians immediately reporting any suspect cases to public health officials to facilitate more rapid assessment and response.
Hole selective materials and device structures of heterojunction solar cells: Recent assessment and future trends

Research on photovoltaic devices with a high performance-to-cost ratio requires efforts not only on efficiency improvement but also on manufacturing cost reduction. Recently, a record efficiency of 26.6% on crystalline silicon solar cells (SCs) has been achieved by combining the heterojunctions (HJs) with a device structure of interdigitated back contacts. However, the technology that integrates the interdigital p- and n-type amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) layers on the rear surface of the Si substrate is challenging. This issue has motivated researchers to search dopant-free carrier-selective contacts with alternative materials to completely replace doped a-Si:H layers. Transition metal oxides, graphene, and poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), all having high work functions and hole conducting properties, can play the role of hole-selective layers (HSLs). In this review, we focus on the latest advances and the future trends in these HSLs and their applications in silicon HJ SCs. The main issues and challenges encountered are discussed.
State-of-the-art iron-based nanozymes for biocatalytic tumor therapy

Biocatalytic tumor therapy with artificial nanoscale enzyme-mimics (nanozymes) is an emerging strategy for the therapeutic intervention of a variety of malignant conditions, which can provide the combined benefits of enzyme-dependent biocatalytic activities and nanotechnology. Generally, these novel nanocatalysts employ particular multivalent ions as the catalytic center; they have demonstrated high catalytic efficiencies, due to which they are even more potent than natural enzymes, and they also exhibit better in vivo stability, functional versatility and lower manufacturing cost. It is well established that a malignant tumor has many enzymatic mutations, which provides ample opportunities for the development of biocatalytic tumor therapy with nanozymes. Most of the current research in this area revolves around iron-based nanostructures due to their easy manufacturing process, intrinsic biocompatibility, promising physical properties, and versatile and efficient catalytic activity. A great variety of studies in the recent decade have consistently demonstrated the translational potential of iron-based nanozymes for tumor therapy. Therefore, it would be of great practical significance to summarize the previous reports on the treatment-facilitative effects and tumor cell-damaging mechanisms of iron-based nanozymes, which primarily include tumor hypoxia amelioration, Fenton-enhanced ROS damage and the activation of the ferroptosis pathway. Additionally, we also discuss the critical issues that may affect their clinical translation and future development. We hope that these iron-based nanozymes can overcome the limitations of conventional therapies and open new avenues for tumor treatment.
P200 Use of hypertonic saline in bronchoprovocation for the diagnosis of bronchial asthma

Purpose To find out a simple, chief, standard & easily available agent for bronchoprovocation & also to determine the provocating dose of hypertonic saline, which will reduce at least 20% of FEV1 in bronchial asthma patient. Methods A prospective case control study was carried out among 50 patients with bronchial asthma and 50 normal healthy control at Asthma centre in NIDCH, Bangladesh. Hypertonic saline of different concentration in doubling doses (1.8%, 3.6%, 7.2%), sequentially from lower to higher concentration was inhaled to both group by nebuliser and the test was terminated when drop of at least 20% FEV1 had occurred. Patients were selected according to prefixed inclusion & exclusion criteria. Structured questionnaire was filled-up by each patient. Written consent was taken from every patient & control after proper explanation about the procedure & its outcome. Results In the control group M/F ratio was 1.27:1, age ranged from 11 years to 50 years and of 5 different occupations (student, service holder, businessman, housewife and worker). In patient group M:F was 1.38:1, age range from 11 to 50 years and five different occupation was same as control. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding age, sex and occupation. In control, graded amount of hypertonic saline (1.8%, 3.6%, 7.2%) was given by nebuliser inhalation. None of them showed fall of FEV1 significantly (20%). But in patient group, with similar concentration of hypertonic saline inhalation, there was highly significant fall in FEV1, χ2 test showed highly significant value, χ2=75.42 and p<0.001. Conclusion Hypertonic saline induced broncho provocation is actually very safe, simple & cheap. So the people of third world countries can afford this test in minimum cost. Provocative dose of Hypertonic saline is 7.2% (20% fall of FEV1). Clinical implications For the diagnosis of cough variant asthma & also in the suspected cases of bronchial asthma, we can performed this test confidently.
Dental Health Surveys at 80 years old in Tokoname City

To bring to light the factors associated with lifestyle and oral habits which might have led to the retention of teeth in 80-year-old people, a questionnaire was sent out in 1992 inquiring about the oral and general health of all persons aged 80 years and older living in Tokoname City, near Nagoya. The total number of subjects was 1, 889 and the reply ratio was 64.5%. Seventy-eight subjects were selected at random, each of whom possesed at least 20 teeth according to their answers. A similar number of subjects, matched by sex, age, and area of residence, were selected as a control group. Each subject was interviewed to establish his or her past lifestyle and the condition of their oral health. A dentist examined the mouth of each individual at his or her house. The final number of study subjects came to 118 persons. For a statistical analysis the chi-square and Fisher's exact test were used.The results were as follows:1) The molars were lost with the greatest frequency and the canines were retained with the greatest frequency in subjects 80 years old or older.2) Most subjects who retained less than 20 teeth had false teeth and needed to repair their dentures.3) The retention of 20 or more teeth at 80 years of age or older was significantly higher in subjects not fond of sweets around 20 or 40 years of age (p<0.05), those eating only an occasional snack between meals while in primary school (p<0.05), and those whose mother was not fond of sweets (p<0.05). 4) Regarding past oral condittions, the female subjects who retaining 20 or more teeth at 80 years of age or older had no swollen gums at 40 or 60 years of age (p<0.05) and had regular dentition at 20 years of age (p<0.05).
Polarity in Higher Plant Dictyosomes

Dictyosomes in three higher plant cell secretory systems, Zea root cap ceils, Tradescantia pollen tubes and digestive glands of Dionaea fly traps, are shown to possess a structural polarity in terms of either the production of secretory vesicles, or the reaction of individual cisternae to the osmium-zinc-iodide impregnation procedure. These observations contradict previous claims that higher plant dictyosomes lack structural polarity. Doubts about the applicability of the endomembrane flow concept to higher plant cell dictyosomes are discussed in relation to the relative balance between carbohydrate and protein in secreted products. The lack of dictyosome-associated endoplasmic reticulum in some of these plant cell systems is confirmed.
Original paper Coronary bifurcation stenting with dedicated Tryton side-branch stent. Early and 6-month results of 40 patients

Background: Coronary artery bifurcation stenting using standard stents is associated with increased risk of complications and poor long-term prognosis. Bifurcation-dedicated stents raise a hope of improving the acute and late results of such procedures. Aim: To assess the early and mid-term results of bifurcation stenting with the specially designed bifurcation-dedicated Tryton side-branch stent. Methods and results: We evaluated 40 consecutive procedures of coronary artery bifurcation stenting using a Tryton stent in patients with stable angina or acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation. The stent was successfully implanted in 39 patients. The main vessel was treated with drug-eluting stents in 38 cases, whereas bare metal stents were used in the remaining two. In one case the procedure was complicated by non-Q wave myocardial infarction. During 30-day and 6-month observation no additional major adverse cardiac events were observed. Conclusion: Coronary bifurcation stenting with the Tryton side-branch stent is highly effective, with a low rate of acute and midterm complications.
Effect of Zinc and Iron Fertilization on Yield, Nutrient Content and Uptake of Direct Sown Rice

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food for more than one third of the world population (Zhao et al., 2011). In India, it is grown in an area of 44.1 million hectares with a production of 108.9 million tonnes and productivity of 2391 kg ha -1 . In Andhra Pradesh, it is grown in an area of 2.394 million hectare with a production of 7.24 million tonnes and productivity of 3022 kg ha -1 (Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India, 2016-17). In India, rice occupies one-quarter of the total cropped area contributing about 40 to 43 per cent of total food grain production and continues to play vital role in the national food security system (Viraktamath et al., 2011).
Non-Verbal Communication

From these rather extensive ideas it was decided to concentrate firstly on the third objective-a training course. A Course Committee was given the task of devising and running it. It ran from March to June last year at Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow. This course was designed to teach the basics of Creative Therapies, using drama, art, music movement and psychodrama It included workshops and teaching in techniques. The four Committee members became staff tutors of the course, providing continuity. The course was a participatory experience in creative therapies in the context of an on-going group. This provided group cohesion, a chance for members to take on leadership roles, and receive feedback and supervision. Theoretical work was integrated into the programme. Interspersed with this were one day and weekend workshops run by outside leaders who specialise in particular areas of creative therapies. The feedback from the course was generally good though members felt they needed longer both with the staff tutors and on particular areas of creative therapy. A slightly longer course was planned to start in November, 1977. A recent development has been that we have chosen a name for the group as 'Occupational Therapists Special Interest Group in Creative Therapies' seemed long and clumsy. The name "SCOPE" emerged from a workshop in creative decision making in groups. We also found a symbol at the same workshop.
Congenital absence of the prostate presenting as primary retrograde ejaculation

An 18-year-old man presented with a history of anejaculation. Secondary sexual characteristics were normal and examination found normal testicles and cords. Aged 12 the patient had a right nephrectomy for a dysplastic kidney. Otherwise the patient’s development was normal, with normal virilisation at puberty. Past medical history was uneventful. Post-orgasm urine cytology confirmed multiple healthy spermatozoa. Routine blood tests were normal. Cystoscopic findings were a normal anterior urethra, normal external sphincter and normal verumontanum. There was no other prostatic tissue. The right ureteric orifice was ectopic with retrograde study confirming its opening proximal to the verumontanum. The left ureteric orifice and bladder were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no prostatic tissue (Figure 1). The left vas and seminal vesicle were absent. The right vas and seminal vesicle were present but abnormal. The left kidney and ureter showed no abnormality.
Cytomegalovirus associated diffuse encephalomyelitis in a healthy child.

CMV infections leads to variable clinical conditions in patients with normal immune system and immunodeficiency. The ratio of symptomatic infection in patients with normal immunodeficiency is under 10 percent. Symptomatic patients generally present with mononucleosis-like syndrome, and rarely with organ specific complications involving central nervous system, respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular system, hepatic and hematologic system. Central nervous system infections of CMV are more common in patients with immunodeficiency and include encephalitis, ventriculoencephalitis, cerebral mass lesions, transverse myelitis and polyradiculomyelitis. Here, we present a previously healthy 4-year-old boy with CMV infection related diffuse encephalomyelitis because of its rare occurrence. A four-year-old boy was admitted with complaints of progressive weakness in lower extremities, decreased level of consciousness, irritability, urinary retention and constipation. Muscle power was decreased in proximal and distal muscles of legs and deep tendon reflexes could not be elicited in lower extremities. AntiCMV IgM and IgG were positive and CMV avidity was in grey zone. CSF analysis revealed CMV, HSV1-2 DNA. negativity Brain and spinal cord MRI revealed hyperintense lesions. Gancyclovir and immunoglobulin treatments were started. Pulse methylprednisolone was then added to the treatment. The patient was taken into physical rehabilitation for weakness and intermittent catheterization was ordered for neurogenic bladder. In conclusion, CMV is one of the etiological factors of diffuse encephalomyelitis in children with normal immune system. Its diagnosis is challenging and depends on serologic, virologic, radiologic and clinical findings. More information is needed for the best treatment protocol of CMVrelated neurologic disorders in patients with normal immune system.
Physico-Chemical Characterization of Waters and Sediments of Basins in the Cotton Area in Benin: Case of the Alibori Basin in the Commune of Banikoara North of Benin

The Alibori Basin, with an area of 13,400 km2, is a tributary of the Niger River in Benin. It is a river that passes through the potentially agricultural area of Benin. The waters of the river are useful for wildlife and are used for various purposes (drinking water, laundry, domestic activities). They regularly receive the discharges and drainage of the residues of the chemical fertilizers and pesticides not used by crops during the cultivation of the river and watershed bank. This study aims to assess the impact of the agricultural inputs on the quality of the waters from Alibori river on the basis of its physico-chemical characteristics and concentrations in Trace Metal Elements such as Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu. Seven (7) sites were selected along the river. Concentrations of , , , PO3-4, Cu and Zn were measured using a Spectrophotometer DR 2800 and that of Pb and Cd by Metalyse. The Metal Trace Elements were measured in the Alibori river sediments after being treated and mineralized using aqua regia. The results revealed that Alibori river characteristics varied with seasons and its waters and sediments were polluted by metals, phosphates and nitrites. The pollution of waters of the Alibori River was due to the intensive use of the chemical fertilizers and pesticides for agricultural purposes.
tumor derived extracellular vesicles suppress the antigen specific immune responsevia toll like receptor 4

Background: Progression to a productive immune response involves passing through immunological checkpoints that act as barriers to effective immunotherapy. Thus, as tumors exploit multiple immune suppressive factors to inactivate the immune system, treatments against cancer have often failed to fully overcome the complex interplay between the immune system and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Recently, interest in the immunosuppressive effects of tumor-secreted exosomes has increased. Exosomes, A Subset of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), play a role in intercellular communication that may be immunologically detrimental to develop an anti-tumor response. Aim of the Study: We sought to investigate the suppressive role of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (tEVs) on the ability to mount an antigen-specific response in vivo. Study Design: To accomplish our objective, wildtype, Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and Caspase-1 (Cas-1) Knockout (KO) mice were inoculated with tEVs isolated from gliomas. Results: We show here that tEVs inhibit in vivo the antigen-specific immune response through TLR4. These results appear to be tumor-specific as non-tumor derived EVs failed to induce an anti-tumor response or TBM. Moreover, tEVs induce a population of suppressive Tingible-Body Macrophages (TBM) within the germinal centers of lymph nodes via the TLR4/Cas-1 axis. In addition, we determined that removal of Cas-1 pathway allows for tumor control indicating that inflammasome inhibit an anti-tumor response. Conclusion: Tumor-derived EVs inhibit the ability to mount an anti-tumor response following immunotherapy, which may represent an important immune escape mechanism. DOI: 10.29011/2575-789X.000011 Citation: Olin MR, Andersen BM, Xiong Z, Shaver RL, Bemis L, et al. (2017) Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Suppress the Antigen-specific Immune Response via Toll-like Receptor 4. J Vaccines Immunol: JVII-111. 2 Volume 2017; Issue 02
Effect of Extraction Time on Tannin Antioxidant Level and Flavonoid on Pandan Wangi Leaf (Pandanusamary llifolius Roxb) Using Hydrothermal Extractor

Pandanus leaf (Pandanus Amaryllifolius) is one of the plants that have chemical content in the form of tannins, saponins, polyphenols (phenolics), alkaloids and flavonoids that can be used as antioxidants.The research that is done is total tannin and alkaloid test on pandan leaves. The purpose of this reseach was to determine the effect of extraction time on the amount of tannin and alkaloids in pandan leaves. In the tannin and alkaloids test, the extraction of pandan leaves was first used hydrothermal extract with 60°C temperature in 60 minutes using aquadest solvent with variation of extraction time 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes. Tannin content of 0.2%; 0.8%; 2.5%; 6.2%; 7.1% and flavonoid levels of 2.05%; 2.36%; 4.44%; 0.78%; 0.34%. From the results of reseach showed that the longer the extraction time, the more tannin content produced. While flavonoids have optimum time at 40 minute extraction time. Optimal tannin content obtained by using aquades solvent is the time of extraction for 60 minutes, while the optimum flavonoid content at the time of extraction 40 minutes.
Proteolytische Spaltung der Transmembranproteine PTPRN2, PLXDC2 und ENPP5 durch die Alzheimer-Protease BACE1

Die Beta-Sekretase BACE1 stellt einen zentralen Ansatzpunkt in der Theapie der Alzheimer-Krankheit dar. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war zu untersuchen, ob die Transmembranproteine PTPRN2, PLXDC2 und ENPP5 Substrate von BACE1 sind. Hierfur wurden die Proteine rekombinant in HEK293-Zellen exprimiert und in einem Protease-in-vitro-Assay untersucht. Durch diese Experimente konnten PTPRN2, PLXDC2 und ENPP5 als Substrate der Alzheimer-Protease BACE1 validiert werden. Auserdem konnte ENPP5 in primaren murinen Neuronen als BACE1-Substrat validiert werden.
Rapid effects of novel phytoandrogen adjuvant therapy (PAT) on metabolic health: a gender, age and BMI matched case-control study

Background and Aim: The human androgen receptor (AR) is a key nuclear transcription factor that controls expression of genes involved in anabolism - such as musculoskeletal remodelling and body fat mobilisation to ATP energy production – processes which directly impact aspects of metabolic health. This study evaluates the adjuvant effects of orally administered AR-modulating phytoandrogens and suprahormonal lipidic augmenters (SuHLAs) combined with an integrative weight-healthcare regimen of polyvalent pharmacotherapy (hypoglycemic, lipid modifying and anti-inflammatory) and mild lifestyle intervention, over intervals of 2-4 weeks. Method: The total intention-to-treat (ITT) population consisted solely of women (N = 15) and were screened at baseline for metabolic health status, assessed via arterial blood pressure (BP), body fat (BF), lean muscle mass (LMM), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). This gender matched ITT population were then stratified into two treatment groups that were age and BMI matched: 1) patients opting for a metabolic health program (control group, n = 5, mean BMI = 26.6 kg/m2, mean age = 45 years), and 2) patients treated with a metabolic health program plus phytoandrogen adjuvant therapy (PAT group, n=10, mean BMI = 26.5 kg/m2, mean age = 44 years). Results: After treatments averaging 2.8 weeks (control group) and 2.9 weeks (PAT group), mean systolic and diastolic BPs in the total ITT population were lowered by 5 mmHg and 4 mmHg respectively, from 116/79 ±4 mmHg to 111/74 ±2 mmHg (P =0.05). Mean BF showed negligible loss of 0.2% (P >0.05) in the control group, in contrast to a highly significant reduction of 0.8% in the PAT group (P 0.1). Both treatment groups showed comparable improvement in BMI, WC and WHR. The control group had mean reductions of -0.25 kg/m2 (BMI, P <0.05), -2 cm (WC, P <0.05) and -0.03 (WHR, P<0.05), while the PAT group showed reductions of -0.35 kg/m2 (BMI, P =0.01), -3 cm (WC, P =0.01) and -0.03 (WHR, P =0.01). Measured against the top WHR bracket, odds ratios (ORs) for WHR-associated risk for diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidemia (WHR ≥0.9, OR 5.4) in the control and PAT groups were lower by 19% (WHR =0.88 ±0.02, OR 4.38) and 48% (WHR =0.83 ±0.01, OR 2.81) respectively. Conclusion: Oral phytoandrogenic SuHLAs therapy can rapidly potentiate aspects of AR-mediated anabolism within a low intensity metabolic health program. Secondarily, in contrast to physiological androgens and anabolic steroids, phytoandrogenic modulators of the AR in this study did not aggravate arterial tension. This is the first casecontrol report on the pharmacologic use of true phytoandrogens (cognate ligands of the AR) and SuHLAs to aid metabolic competency.