Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mid-Air Gestures for Window Management on Large Displays

We can observe a continuous trend for using larger screens with higher resolutions and greater pixel density. With advances in hard- and software technology, wall-sized displays for daily office work are already on the horizon. We assume that there will be no hard paradigm change in interaction techniques in the near future. Therefore, new concepts for wall-sized displays will be included in existing products. Designing interaction concepts for wall-sized displays in an office environment is a challenging task. Most crucial is designing appropriate input techniques. Moving the mouse pointer from one corner to another over a longer distance is cumbersome. However, pointing with a mouse is precise and common-place. We propose using mid-air gestures to support input with mouse and keyboard on large displays. In particular, we designed a gesture set for manipulating regular windows.
reviSiOn anTeriOr cruciaTe ligaMenT recOnSTrucTiOn-dealing WiTh an enlarged Tibial Tunnel

INTRODUCTION Reconstructing a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in a knee that has had prior ACL surgery presents challenges, especially if multiple procedures have been done in the past. Revision ACL surgery will continue to become more common as the number of primary ACL reconstruction procedures continues to increase. A common problem faced by the surgeon in the revision setting is an enlarged tibial tunnel [1, 2]. This problem is most commonly encountered in reconstructions with allograft, hamstring autograft, and synthetic Gore-tex grafts [3-8]. Occasionally, the bone in the proximal tibia is almost hollow after the failed graft and the interference screw have been removed. In this scenario, new interference screw fixation is not possible. Several techniques can be employed to fix the new bone plug of a bone-tendon-bone graft in an enlarged tibial tunnel. These include 1) staging the revision by first removing the hardware and filling the tunnel with iliac bone graft and delaying the insertion of the new ACL graft until the bone graft incorporates (about a year); 2) nesting more than one interference screw in the tibial tunnel; 3) post-and-washer fixation; and 4) staple fixation [4, 9-11]. We present an alternate method of internal fixation of the plug to the tibia using AO/Synthes 3.5 mm fully threaded cortical screws with a lag technique though the tendon graft. The advantages of this method include the ability to switch to this technique in the midst of an operation without change in exposure, and the ability to secure immediate fixation regardless of the size of the tibial tunnel. TECHNIQUE Using an osteotome and ronguer, the anterior cortex of the tibia is removed to expose the anterior part of the bone plug and to deepen the tunnel into a trough. The graft is pushed into the trough so that it is buried below the anterior surface of the tibia. While applying tension to the graft with the knee in extension, a drill hole is made through the bone plug and underlying tibia. The drill bit is left in place. A second drill hole is made through the plug parallel to the first drill hole. An AO/Synthes 3.5 mm fully threaded cortical screw is then inserted into the second drill hole using a lag technique to create compression across the graft. The first drill bit is then removed and another cortical screw is inserted into the first drill hole. Both screws should obtain purchase in the posterior cortex of the tibia in order to generate compression across the graft. This technique may be employed with or without the use of washers. This method is difficult to employ if the graft is short and works best if the graft is too long, protruding from the tibial tunnel. CASE REPORTS We describe two patients who have undergone revision ACL reconstruction with the currently described technique used for tibial tunnel fixation.
A Model For The Ecology Of Avian Malaria*

Although studies on Plasmodium infections of wild birds have been reported frequently in the literature, our knowledge of the ecology of these parasites remains incomplete. A synthesis of data and ideas from these field studies, and recent experimental work led to the construction of the following hypothetical model for the ecology of avian malaria: During the late spring, summer, and early fall susceptible birds (young of the year or previously uninfected adults) contract the infection from the bite of an infected mosquito on the breeding ground. The birds migrate or remain in the area and infections become latent over the winter. In the spring, migratory birds return to the breeding area and all birds commence reproductive activity. With the onset of migration and breeding activity, parasite populations become elevated in the birds. This relapse of malarial infections coincides with emergence of vectors. The mosquitoes obtain the parasite, passing it on to susceptibles in the population (whose numbers are simultaneously increasing as the result of reproduction), and the cycle continues. Under favorable conditions, transmission rates equal or exceed a level needed to replace mortality of infected birds. Under unfavorable conditions the parasite is maintained by the bird reservoir, the population of susceptibles increases, and transmission is postponed until favorable conditions return and transmission to the expanded population of susceptibles replenishes the supply of infected adults. Such a cycle, in which the parasite, vector, and susceptible host populations reach a maximum in an apparently favorable sequence, with provision for occasional failure of transmission, has obvious survival value. A more complete understanding of the ecology of avian malaria will be achieved with the investigation of specific problem areas defined in this model. The model may prove of additional value in suggesting an ecological approach to our understanding of the epidemiology of human malarias. It may also have applicability in other disease systems where bird-mosquito relationships are similar, such as certain of the arboviruses.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial of melatonin add-on therapy in epileptic children on valproate monotherapy: effect on glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase enzymes.

AIMS To compare the effect of add-on melatonin with placebo on the antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) in epileptic children on valproate monotherapy. METHODS In a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial, the effect of add-on melatonin administration on the antioxidant enzymes in epileptic children on valproate (VPA) monotherapy was assessed. A total of 31 patients met the entry criteria. 16 patients were randomly allocated to receive add-on melatonin, and 15 to receive add-on placebo. Blood samples (5 ml) were collected just before the morning dose of valproate for baseline values of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase enzymes, and then after 14 days of add-on melatonin/placebo. Blood was then centrifuged at 3500 r.p.m. , serum separated and stored in deep freezer at -20 degrees C until assay of glutathione reductase. Heparinized blood was collected and stored at -20 degrees C in eppendorfs in the deep freezer for assay of glutathione peroxidase. All activity assays were performed on the Ames (Technicon) RA 50 chemistry analyser. RESULTS Fifteen patients in the add-on melatonin group and 14 patients in the add-on placebo group were finally assessed. There was an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSSG-Rd), in the add-on melatonin (MEL) group as compared with a reduction in the same in the add-on placebo group (P). After the addition of melatonin/placebo in the respective groups, there was a 7.5% decrease in GSH-Px in the valproate + placebo group, whereas a 11.9% increase in the valproate + melatonin group was observed, the difference between the groups being not statistically significant (P = 0.29). On administration of melatonin/placebo, the post-treatment concentrations of GSSG-Rd in the valproate + placebo group decreased from 92.0 U l(-1) to 67.0 U l(-1) and increased from 82.0 U l(-1) to 113.0 U l(-1), in the valproate + melatonin group, respectively, the difference between them being statistically significant (P = 0.05). The percentage change in the values of GSSG-Rd in the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Melatonin exerts neuroprotection due to its antioxidant, antiexcitotoxic and free radical scavenging properties within the central nervous system. Melatonin, thus, as an adjunct, can be a putative neuroprotector in conditions involving oxidative stress like epilepsies.
Modélisation statistique de la dynamique temporelle de l'action enseignante

Nous presentons l'utilisation d'outils statistiques (l'entropie conditionnelle et le test d'ordre de la sequence) pour construire une modelisation de la dynamique temporelle de l'action enseignante. Lors de seances de lecture au Cours Preparatoire, nous montrons des invariances dans la succession des micro-tâches proposees aux eleves. Ces regularites portent sur le but de la micro-tâche et sur le potentiel de l'eleve interroge par rapport a la tâche de lecture de texte : les caracteristiques d'une micro-tâche a l'instant T sont liees aux caracteristiques de la micro-tâche a l'instant T-1. Les organisations mises au jour, differentes en fonction de l'enseignant, sont le signe d'invariants operatoires, constituants des schemes.
La Evaluación Como Instrumento de Diseño de Políticas Específicas Regionales de Innovación: las Regiones Españolas.

La innovacion tecnologica es el motor de crecimiento economico y competitividad de las empresas y de los territorios donde se emplazan. La innovacion se produce en un marco sistemico de caracter esencialmente regional y especifico. Todos los gobiernos de las comunidades autonomas espanolas aplican politicas explicitas de fomento de la innovacion para favorecer el desarrollo de su region. La literatura argumenta que no existe la politica optima universal y que las politicas deben ser adaptativas, especificas a cada problema y territorio, y disenadas a partir de mecanismos de diseno y aprendizaje apoyados en la evaluacion. No obstante, la politica regional de innovacion de las comunidades autonomas espanolas parece basarse en la imitacion de “buenas practicas” en otros territorios, en lugar de evaluacion se hace seguimiento de recursos comprometidos y de realizaciones, y el diseno no se apoyan en mapas explicitos del sistema de innovacion regional.
Adaptive phenotypic plasticity and resilience of vertebrates to increasing climatic unpredictability.

ABSTRACT: As ecosystems undergo global changes, there is increasing interest in understandinghow organisms respond to changing environments. Recent evidence drawn from available vertebratestudies suggests that most of the phenotypic responses to climate change would be due to plasticity.We hypothesize that organisms that have evolved in unpredictable environments inform us about themechanisms of phenotypic plasticity which provide an adaptive response to climate instability. As cli-mate changes increase climatic hazards, these resilience mechanisms are expected to spread withinspecies, populations and communities. We review studies that have demonstrated the importance ofphenotypic plasticity in different life-history traits in overcoming climate uncertainty. We focus onorganisms from unstable, recurrently energetically restrictive environments which possess a varietyof morphological, physiological and/or behavioural adaptations to climate-driven selective pressures.First, we treat plastic morphological changes in response to fluctuating food availability. Adjustmentof morphometric traits and/or organ size to energy supply would be essential in harsh environments.Second, we review the role of flexible energy-saving mechanisms, such as daily torpor, hibernationand energy storage, in overcoming climate-driven energetic shortages. Lastly, we address the role ofplastic modulation of reproduction in fine-tuning the energy allocation to offspring productionaccording to environmental conditions, with an emphasis on opportunistic breeding. Overall, we pre-dict that species (or genotypes) possessing these efficient physiological mechanisms of resilience tounpredictable water and food fluctuations will be selectively advantaged in the face of increasingclimatic instability.KEY WORDS: Physiological flexibility · Global change · Environmental variability · Extreme climaticevents · Morphology · Energy saving · Reproduction
In vitro wear simulation measurements of composite versus resin-modified glass ionomer luting cements for all-ceramic restorations.

BACKGROUND Although composite cements are generally indicated for cementation of all-ceramic restorations, some manufacturers of dental cements propose that resin-modified glass ionomers (RMGIs) may be used for cementation of high-strength ceramic restorations. PURPOSE This study was undertaken to compare the in vitro abrasion and attrition wear of two dual-cure cements (in dual-cure and self-cure modes) and two RMGI cements when placed between ceramic and enamel to simulate the margin of a restoration. METHODS Rectangular fragments of pressed ceramic (Empress 2) were cemented between the halves of bovine incisors sectioned mesiodistally, using one of the following materials: RelyX ARC, Variolink II, RelyX Luting, or ProTec CEM. The two resin cements were tested in dual-cure and self-cure modes. A three-body wear test was performed in the new Oregon Health Sciences University (OHSU) oral wear simulator (100,000 cycles; abrasion load: 20 N; attrition load: 90 N). Degree of conversion of resin cements was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results were analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey's test (p = .05). Epoxy replicas of wear specimens were observed in the scanning electron microscope. RESULTS No significant differences in abrasion wear (RelyX ARC dual-cure: 11 +/- 4.4 microm; RelyX ARC self-cure: 17 +/- 7.0 microm; Variolink dual-cure: 14 +/- 8.6 microm; Variolink self-cure: 23 +/- 10.7 microm) or attrition wear (RelyX ARC dual-cure: 18 +/- 6.4 microm; RelyX ARC self-cure: 31 +/- 4.5 microm; Variolink dual-cure: 32 +/- 6.8 microm; Variolink self-cure: 39 +/- 15.9 microm) were found between activation modes of the resin cements. ProTec CEM (32 +/- 8.7 microm) showed abrasion similar to that of Variolink II and RelyX ARC self-cure. Resin-modified glass ionomers showed more attrition wear than the resin cements (ProTec CEM: 62 +/- 13.0 microm; RelyX Luting: 69 +/- 7.1 microm). RelyX ARC showed a similar degree of conversion for both activation modes (dual-cure: 70 +/- 4.3%; self-cure: 68 +/- 1.2%), but Variolink II had a higher degree of conversion in dual-cure mode (67 +/- 0.5% vs 60 +/- 1.0%). Cement wear was accompanied by marginal breakdown and increased surface roughness of enamel and ceramic. CONCLUSIONS The activation mode of resin cements did not influence their wear resistance. The RMGIs underwent higher attrition wear than the resin cements. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Increased submargination associated with marginal breakdown and increased roughness of the surrounding structures may be expected when ceramic inlays are cemented with resin-modified glass ionomers.
Analysis of risk factors for the development of GVHD after T cell-depleted allogeneic BMT: effect of HLA disparity, ABO incompatibility, and method of T-cell depletion.

Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the independent factors affecting the risk of acute GVHD (aGVHD) grades II to IV and extensive chronic GVHD (cGVHD) and the rate of survival in 481 recipients of T cell-depleted (TCD) marrow allografts who received transplants at a single center between 1991 and 2000. All patients received grafts partially depleted of CD3+ T cells by complement-mediated lysis using 2 narrow-specificity monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), T10B9.1A-31 (n = 400) or Muromonab-Orthoclone OKT3 (n = 81). Factors considered in the analysis included patient/donor sex, age, cytomegalovirus (CMV) status, and ABO blood group along with T-cell dose, disease, and disease status, donor relationship, HLA antigen (Ag)mismatch (MM), growth-factor use, anti-thymocyte globulin use, year of transplantation, and the MoAb used for TCD. The results showed an association of HLA with an increased relative risk (RR) of aGVHD for recipients of grafts from relateddonors that were > or =2 Ag MM (n = 73, RR = 2.09, P = .005), matched unrelated (UR) donors (n = 130, RR = 1.98, P = .004), and > or =2 Ag MM UR donors (n = 34, RR = 2.68, P = .003) compared with the baseline matched-sibling group (n = 121). No increased risk of aGVHD was seen for 0 to 1 Ag MM family donors (n = 24) or 1 Ag MM UR donors (n = 99). aGVHD risk was increased with minor, but not major or major-minor, ABO disparity (RR = 2.0, P = .003) compared with that of ABO-identical pairs. We found less effective TCD and resultant higher T-cell dose for recipients of grafts that were T cell depleted using OKT3. However, the use of OKT3 and not the T-cell dose was associated with increased aGVH-D risk (RR of 1.84, P = .001). Increased risk of extensive cGVHD was associated with patient age of >20 years (RR = 2.2, P < .0001) and with CMV status (positive patient/negative donor, RR = 1.9, P = .002). Decreased survival was associated with older age (>20 years), a > or =2 Ag MM related donor, a 1 or > or =2 Ag MM UR donor, risk group, and a CMV-positive patient/-negative donor pair. There was no difference in survival for 0 to 1 Ag MM related or matched UR donors compared with the baseline group. These data indicate that there are quantitative as well as potential qualitative differences in outcome depending on the TCD method. Expected and unexpected risk factors for GVHD and survival were associated with partial TCD. Our data support the consideration of ABO match in donor selection, the preferential selection of CMV-positive donors for CMV-positive recipients, and the acceptance of 1 but not > or =2 Ag HLA MM donors.
Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: Navigating the Diagnosis-Management Conundrum.

Synopsis The hallmark characteristics of rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathy are pain and weakness, experienced most commonly during shoulder external rotation and elevation. Assessment is complicated by nonspecific clinical tests and the poor correlation between structural failure and symptoms. As such, diagnosis is best reached by exclusion of other potential sources of symptoms. Symptomatic incidence and prevalence data currently cannot be determined with confidence, primarily as a consequence of a lack of diagnostic accuracy, as well as the uncertainty as to the location of symptoms. People with symptoms of RC tendinopathy should derive considerable comfort from research that consistently demonstrates improvement in symptoms with a well-structured and graduated exercise program. This improvement is equivalent to outcomes reported in surgical trials, with the additional generalized benefits of exercise, less sick leave, a faster return to work, and reduced costs to the health care system. This evidence covers the spectrum of conditions that include symptomatic RC tendinopathy and atraumatic partial- and full-thickness RC tears. The principles guiding exercise treatment for RC tendinopathy include relative rest, modification of painful activities, an exercise strategy that initially does not exacerbate pain, controlled reloading, and gradual progression from simple to complex shoulder movements. Evidence also exists for a specific exercise program being beneficial for people with massive inoperable tears of the RC. Education is an essential component of rehabilitation, and attention to lifestyle factors (smoking cessation, nutrition, stress, and sleep management) may enhance outcomes. Outcomes may also be enhanced by subgrouping RC tendinopathy presentations and directing treatment strategies according to the clinical presentation and the patient's response to shoulder symptom modification procedures outlined herein. There are substantial deficits in our knowledge regarding RC tendinopathy that need to be addressed to further improve clinical outcomes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(11):923-937. Epub 21 Sep 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015. 5941.
Ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus clinical isolates: mode of resistance to ganciclovir

Cytomegalovirus strains with reduced in vitro susceptibilities to ganciclovir have been recovered from patients who failed long-term ganciclovir therapy. The ganciclovir-resistant clinical isolates in this study were unable to induce ganciclovir phosphorylation in virus-infected cells. The viral DNA polymerase function appeared unaltered in one genetically pure ganciclovir-resistant strain, compared with that of its wild-type ganciclovir-sensitive counterpart. All nine of the ganciclovir-resistant strains were susceptible to foscarnet. Moreover, these strains were sensitive to inhibition both by vidarabine and 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine (FIAC), antiviral agents that are activated by cellular enzymes, and by (S)-1(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (HPMPC), which is a monophosphate nucleoside analog. The in vitro resistance to ganciclovir of the ganciclovir-resistant clinical isolates studied was attributed to the inability of the cells infected with these isolates to phosphorylate ganciclovir; the virally encoded DNA polymerase did not appear to play a role in this ganciclovir resistance.
A numerical analysis of the aortic blood flow pattern during pulsed cardiopulmonary bypass

In the modern era, stroke remains a main cause of morbidity after cardiac surgery despite continuing improvements in the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) techniques. The aim of the current work was to numerically investigate the blood flow in aorta and epiaortic vessels during standard and pulsed CPB, obtained with the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). A multi-scale model, realized coupling a 3D computational fluid dynamics study with a 0D model, was developed and validated with in vivo data. The presence of IABP improved the flow pattern directed towards the epiaortic vessels with a mean flow increase of 6.3% and reduced flow vorticity.
Comparative analysis of full-length antigen II/3 from Echinococcus multilocularis and E. granulosus

SUMMARY The recombinant Echinococcus multilocularis antigen ll/3–10 is one of the most promising tools for immunodiagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis in human patients. Its nucleic acid sequence represents a part of the E. multilocularis gene encoding the metacestode antigen II/3, the former being basically present and expressed in both E. multilocularis and E. granulosus. Most (94%) patients with alveolar echinococcosis respond to infection with a marked anti-II/3–10 IgG synthesis; in contrast, most of the cystic echinococcosis patients do not, for some reason, recognize the recombinant antigen. We tackled this problem by generating cDNA derived from both E. granulosus and E. multilocularis full length II/3 genes, performed by reverse transcription and PCR amplification. Sequence analysis revealed a very high degree of conservation of the primary sequence of the antigen II/3 in both Echinococcus species. cDNA fragments were subcloned and expressed in E. coli as fusion proteins with Schistosoma japonicum glutathione S-transferase. Recombinant proteins were affinity purified and comparatively assessed by ELISA with respect to antibody-binding characteristics. Sera from patients suffering from cystic echinococcosis showed no significant differences in reactivity with the antigens derived from either E. multilocularis or E. granulosus. Therefore, parameters other than some minor differences in the primary sequence seem to be responsible for the lack of antigen II/3 recognition in cystic echinococcosis. Note Nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper have been submitted to the GenBank® data base with the accession numbers U05573 and U05574.