Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in anthropometric and blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurements in antenatal vitamin supplemented gestational diabetes mellitus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objective: Gestation weight (GW), body mass index (BMI), and blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level during pregnancy are important determinants of the gestational outcomes. This study aimed to study how these parameters vary between antenatal vitamin D recipients and non-recipients in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients. Material and Methods: The randomized controlled trials comparing these outcomes between vitamin D recipient and non-recipient GDM patients were searched in electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Scopus). The reviewed studies’ data were abstracted and critically appraised using the Cochrane tool. The estimation of the weighted mean difference for GW and BMI and standardized mean difference (SMD) for 25(OH)D levels occurred by juxtaposing the interventions meta-analytically (random-effect model). The statistical inconsistency was determined by Chi2 and I2 method. The statistical significance was estimated at p<0.05 and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Eleven eligible trials (all Iran-based, except one), sourcing data from about 875 GDM patients, were reviewed. Overall, the risk of bias was low, except for selection and performance bias. On random-effect model meta-analysis, the 25(OH)D levels of the GDM patients favored the vitamin D recipients when compared to non-vitamin D (SMD 1.97, 95% CI: 1.06-2.88, p<0.001; I2 96.2%, p of Chi2 <0.001) and placebo (SMD 1.86, 95% CI: 0.95-2.77, p<0.001; I2 95.3%, p of Chi2 <0.001) recipients, respectively. On meta-regression, sample size was a predictor of the observed heterogeneity. For GW and BMI the interventions did not differ statistically significantly. Conclusion: In GDM patients, antenatal use of vitamin D aids in the rise of blood 25(OH)D levels. However, vitamin D supplementation did not affect change in GW or BMI.
Di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure induces female reproductive toxicity and alters the intestinal microbiota community structure and fecal metabolite profile in mice

Di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most commonly used plasticizers, and it is widely applied in various plastic products. DEHP is an endocrine‐disrupting chemical (EDC) that has been shown to disrupt the function of reproductive system in females. Although many studies have shown that DEHP potentially causes female reproductive toxicity, including depletion of the primordial follicle and decreased sex hormone production, the specific mechanisms by which DEHP affects female reproduction remain unknown. In recent years, research focused on the intestinal flora has provided an idea to eliminate our confusion, and gut bacterial dysbiosis may contribute to female reproductive toxicity. In the present study, the feces of DEHP‐exposed mice were collected and analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and untargeted global metabolite profiling of metabolomics. DEHP obviously causes reproductive toxicity, including the ovarian organ coefficient, estradiol level, histological features of the ovary and estrus. Furthermore, DEHP exposure alters the structure of the intestinal microbiota community and fecal metabolite profile in mice, suggesting that the reproductive toxicity may be caused by gut bacterial dysbiosis and altered metabolites, such as changes in the levels of short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA). Additionally, it is well known that changes in gut microbiota and fecal metabolites cause inflammation and tissue oxidative stress, expectedly, we found oxidative stress in the ovary and systemic inflammation in DEHP exposed mice. Thus, based on our findings, DEHP exposure may cause gut bacterial dysbiosis and altered metabolite profiles, particularly SCFA profiles, leading to oxidative stress in the ovary and systemic inflammation to ultimately induce female reproductive toxicity.
Fractionnement de deux bois tropicaux (eucalyptus et wapa) par traitement thermomécanique en phase aqueuse. Partie II: Caractéristiques chimiques des résidus et considérations cinétiques sur la solubilisation des hémicelluloses

Nous avons caracterise par voie chimique les residus solides issus de la liquefaction par fractionnement en milieu aqueux de deux essences tropicales. Le procede de fractionnement est constitue des etapes suivantes: preparation de la suspension aqueuse, prechauffage a 135°C, decharge a travers une restriction (ΔP = 17,2 MPa), reaction entre 180 et 230°C, puis refroidissement rapide. Les solides residuels ont ete analyses selon les deux methodes suivantes: i) hydrolyse acide: cette technique permet de quantifier les monosaccharides presents dans le residu et de suivre ainsi la solubilisation des hemicelluloses et de la cellulose. ii) analyse elementaire: cette technique s'est revelee ětre un indice de la solubilisation connexe des hemicelluloses et de la lignine. Par chromatographie gazeuse nous avons detecte le CO2 comme etant le seul gaz forme a des temperatures inferieures a 230°C. Deux modeles cinetiques de premier ordre relatifs a la solubilisation des hemicelluloses et a la formation du dioxyde de carbone ont ete developpes et appliques aux resultats experimentaux. We have characterized the residual solids derived from the aqueous phase liquefaction of two tropical wood species. The liquefaction process comprises the following steps: preparation of an aqueous suspension of milled wood, preheating at 135°C, sudden decompression through an orifice (ΔP = 17.2 MPa), reaction at 80–230°C and rapid quenching. The residues have been analyzed by two methods: acid hydrolysis and elemental analysis. The quantification of the monosaccharides present in the residues allows us to follow the solubilization profiles of both hemicelluloses and cellulose. The elemental composition of the residues is related to the severity of the process and it becomes a solubilization index for the hemicelluloses and the lignin. The chromatographic analysis of the gaseous phase after liquefaction has resulted in the determination of CO2 as the only gas produced up to 230°C. Kinetic first order models represent well the solubilization of the hemicelluloses and the CO2 formation.
Multicenter randomized phase II study comparing docetaxel plus curcumin versus docetaxel plus placebo in first‐line treatment of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer

Metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients have a poor prognosis, and curcumin is known to have antineoplastic properties. On the basis of previous phase I and phase II studies, we investigated whether the association of curcumin with docetaxel could improve prognosis among mCRPC patients.
Temporal Dynamics of Public Emotions During the COVID-19 Pandemic at the Epicenter of the Outbreak: Sentiment Analysis of Weibo Posts From Wuhan

Background The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and psychological stress experienced by the general public in various degrees worldwide. However, effective, tailored mental health services and interventions cannot be achieved until we understand the patterns of mental health issues emerging after a public health crisis, especially in the context of the rapid transmission of COVID-19. Understanding the public's emotions and needs and their distribution attributes are therefore critical for creating appropriate public policies and eventually responding to the health crisis effectively, efficiently, and equitably. Objective This study aims to detect the temporal patterns in emotional fluctuation, significant events during the COVID-19 pandemic that affected emotional changes and variations, and hourly variations of emotions within a single day by analyzing data from the Chinese social media platform Weibo. Methods Based on a longitudinal dataset of 816,556 posts published by 27,912 Weibo users in Wuhan, China, from December 31, 2019, to April 31, 2020, we processed general sentiment inclination rating and the type of sentiments of Weibo posts by using pandas and SnowNLP Python libraries. We also grouped the publication times into 5 time groups to measure changes in netizens’ sentiments during different periods in a single day. Results Overall, negative emotions such as surprise, fear, and anger were the most salient emotions detected on Weibo. These emotions were triggered by certain milestone events such as the confirmation of human-to-human transmission of COVID-19. Emotions varied within a day. Although all emotions were more prevalent in the afternoon and night, fear and anger were more dominant in the morning and afternoon, whereas depression was more salient during the night. Conclusions Various milestone events during the COVID-19 pandemic were the primary events that ignited netizens’ emotions. In addition, Weibo users’ emotions varied within a day. Our findings provide insights into providing better-tailored mental health services and interventions.
N Doping of Rutile TiO2 (110) Surface. A Theoretical DFT Study

A realistic model, consisting of six-layer slabs, and density-functional calculations were used to perform a detailed analysis of the structural and electronic properties of N doped TiO2(110). All the positions examined for adsorption of atomic N are unstable regarding the formation and further escape of N2(g). The adsorption of atomic N could take place only when having isolated adatoms. In this case, N prefers to bond to O centers located either on the surface or in the interstitial channels of the oxide lattice. These N adatoms probably give rise to the peak seen at ∼400 eV in N 1s XPS spectra. The coexistence of N with O vacancies and surface reconstructions are explained in terms of cooperative behaviors and the special electronic structure of the TiNxO2-2x(110) system. Here, electrons move from the O vacancies to implanted N to fill up its electronic shell. Such electron transfer yields the normal oxidation state of nitrogen, N3-, and explains a number of things: the easiness to form O vacancies wh.
An Emergent Network for the Diffusion of Innovations Among Local Health Departments at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction Communication networks among professionals can be pathways for accelerating the diffusion of innovations if some local health departments (LHDs) drive the spread of knowledge. Such a network could prove valuable during public health emergencies such as the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our objective was to determine whether LHDs in the United States were tied together in an informal network to share information and advice about innovative community health practices, programs, and policies. Methods In January and February 2020, we conducted an online survey of 2,303 senior LHD leaders to ask several questions about their sources of advice. We asked respondents to rank up to 3 other LHDs whose practices informed their work on new public health programs, evidence-based practices, and policies intended to improve community health. We used a social network analysis program to assess answers. Results A total of 329 LHDs responded. An emergent network appeared to operate nationally among 740 LHDs. Eleven LHDs were repeatedly nominated by peers as sources of advice or examples (ie, opinion leaders), and 24 acted as relational bridges to hold these emergent networks together (ie, boundary spanners). Although 2 LHDs played both roles, most LHDs we surveyed performed neither of these roles. Conclusion Opinion leading and boundary spanning health departments can be accessed to increase the likelihood of affecting the rate of interest in and adoption of innovations. Decision makers involved in disseminating new public health practices, programs, or policies may find our results useful both for emergencies and for practice-as-usual.
Family History of Depression is Associated with Alterations in Task-Dependent Connectivity between the Cerebellum and Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex

A family history of major depressive disorder (MDD) increases the likelihood of a future depressive episode, which itself poses a significant risk for disruptions in reward processing and social cognition. However, it is unclear whether a family history of MDD is associated with alterations in the neural circuitry underlying reward processing and social cognition. To address this gap, we subdivided 279 participants from the Human Connectome Project into three groups: 71 with a lifetime history of MDD (Dep), 103 with a family history of MDD (Fam), and 105 healthy controls (HC). We found that Fam (relative to HCs) were associated with increased sadness scores, and Dep (relative to both Fam and HC) were associated with increased sadness and MDD symptoms. We then evaluated task-based fMRI data on a social cognition and reward processing task and found a region of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) that responded to both tasks, independent of group. To investigate whether the vmPFC shows alterations in functional connectivity between groups, we conducted psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analyses using the vmPFC as a seed region. These analyses revealed that Fam groups had increased vmPFC functional connectivity within the nucleus accumbens, left dorsolateral PFC and subregions of the cerebellum relative to HCs during the social cognition task. These findings suggest that aberrant neural mechanisms among those with a familial risk of MDD may underlie vulnerability to altered social cognition.
Barriers and Facilitators to the International Implementation of Standardized Outcome Measures in Clinical Cleft Practice

Objective: To identify barriers and facilitators to international implementation of a prospective system for standardized outcomes measurement in cleft care. Design: Cleft teams that have implemented the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement Standard Set for cleft care were invited to participate in this 2-part qualitative study: (1) an exploratory survey among clinicians, health information technology professionals, and project coordinators, and (2) semistructured interviews of project leads. Thematic content analysis was performed, with organization of themes according to the dimensions of the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework: reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance. Results: Four cleft teams in Europe and North America participated in this study. Thirteen participants completed exploratory questionnaires and 5 interviewees participated in follow-up interviews. Survey responses and thematic content analysis revealed common facilitators and barriers to implementation at all sites. Teams reach patients either via email or during the clinic visit to capture patient-reported outcomes. Adopting routine data collection is enhanced by aligning priorities at the organizational and cleft team level. Streamlining workflows and developing an efficient data collection platform are necessary early on, followed by pilot testing or stepwise implementation. Regular meetings and financial resources are crucial for implementing, sustaining, analyzing collected data, and providing feedback to health care professionals and patients. Fostering patient-centered care was articulated as a positive outcome, whereas time presented challenges across all RE-AIM dimensions. Conclusions: Identified themes can inform ongoing implementation efforts. Intentionally investing time to lay a sound foundation early on will benefit every phase of implementation and help overcome barriers such as lack of support or motivation.
BMT-Net: Broad Multitask Transformer Network for Sentiment Analysis

Sentiment analysis uses a series of automated cognitive methods to determine the author’s or speaker’s attitudes toward an expressed object or text’s overall emotional tendencies. In recent years, the growing scale of opinionated text from social networks has brought significant challenges to humans’ sentimental tendency mining. The pretrained language model designed to learn contextual representation achieves better performance than traditional learning word vectors. However, the existing two basic approaches for applying pretrained language models to downstream tasks, feature-based and fine-tuning methods, are usually considered separately. What is more, different sentiment analysis tasks cannot be handled by the single task-specific contextual representation. In light of these pros and cons, we strive to propose a broad multitask transformer network (BMT-Net) to address these problems. BMT-Net takes advantage of both feature-based and fine-tuning methods. It was designed to explore the high-level information of robust and contextual representation. Primarily, our proposed structure can make the learned representations universal across tasks via multitask transformers. In addition, BMT-Net can roundly learn the robust contextual representation utilized by the broad learning system due to its powerful capacity to search for suitable features in deep and broad ways. The experiments were conducted on two popular datasets of binary Stanford Sentiment Treebank (SST-2) and SemEval Sentiment Analysis in Twitter (Twitter). Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, the improved representation with both deep and broad ways is shown to achieve a better $F1$ -score of 0.778 in Twitter and accuracy of 94.0% in the SST-2 dataset, respectively. These experimental results demonstrate the abilities of recognition in sentiment analysis and highlight the significance of previously overlooked design decisions about searching contextual features in deep and broad spaces.
Registered nurses' understandings of emergency medical dispatch centre work - A qualitative phenomenographic interview study.

Non-urgent and urgent telephone nursing services are increasing globally, and phenomenographic research has shown that how work is understood may influence work performance. This descriptive qualitative inductive phenomenographic study investigates ways of understanding emergency medical dispatch centre work among a group of registered nurses. Twenty-four registered nurses at three mid Swedish emergency medical dispatch centres were interviewed. Analyses were based on phenomenographic principles. Five categories emerged: 1) Assess, prioritize, direct or refer; 2) Facilitate ambulance nursing work; 3) Perform nursing care; 4) Always be available for the public; and 5) Have the person behind the patient in mind. The first constitutes the basis of the work. The second emphasises cooperation with-, and support for the ambulance staff. The third entails remotely providing nursing care, whilst the fourth implies serving the entire population. The fifth and most comprehensive way of understanding work, involves having a holistic view of the person in need, including person-centred care. Provision of high-quality emergency medical dispatch centre work involves all categories. Combined, they constitute a 'workmap', valuable for reflection, competence development, and introduction of new staff.
Developmental regulation of barrier‐ and non‐barrier blood vessels in the CNS

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is essential for creating and maintaining tissue homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS), which is key for proper neuronal function. In most vertebrates, the BBB is localized to microvascular endothelial cells that acquire barrier properties during angiogenesis of the neuroectoderm. Complex and continuous tight junctions, and the lack of fenestrae combined with low pinocytotic activity render the BBB endothelium a tight barrier for water‐soluble molecules that may only enter the CNS via specific transporters. The differentiation of these unique endothelial properties during embryonic development is initiated by endothelial‐specific flavours of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in a precise spatiotemporal manner. In this review, we summarize the currently known cellular (neural precursor and endothelial cells) and molecular (VEGF and Wnt/β‐catenin) mechanisms mediating brain angiogenesis and barrier formation. Moreover, we introduce more recently discovered crosstalk with cellular and acellular elements within the developing CNS such as the extracellular matrix. We discuss recent insights into the downstream molecular mechanisms of Wnt/β‐catenin in particular, the recently identified target genes like Foxf2, Foxl2, Foxq1, Lef1, Ppard, Zfp551, Zic3, Sox17, Apcdd1 and Fgfbp1 that are involved in refining and maintaining barrier characteristics in the mature BBB endothelium. Additionally, we elute to recent insight into barrier heterogeneity and differential endothelial barrier properties within the CNS, focussing on the circumventricular organs as well as on the neurogenic niches in the subventricular zone and the hippocampus. Finally, open questions and future BBB research directions are highlighted in the context of taking benefit from understanding BBB development for strategies to modulate BBB function under pathological conditions.
Ipsilateral motor pathways to the lower limb after stroke: Insights and opportunities

Stroke‐related damage to the crossed lateral corticospinal tract causes motor deficits in the contralateral (paretic) limb. To restore functional movement in the paretic limb, the nervous system may increase its reliance on ipsilaterally descending motor pathways, including the uncrossed lateral corticospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the rubrospinal tract, and the vestibulospinal tract. Our knowledge about the role of these pathways for upper limb motor recovery is incomplete, and even less is known about the role of these pathways for lower limb motor recovery. Understanding the role of ipsilateral motor pathways to paretic lower limb movement and recovery after stroke may help improve our rehabilitative efforts and provide alternate solutions to address stroke‐related impairments. These advances are important because walking and mobility impairments are major contributors to long‐term disability after stroke, and improving walking is a high priority for individuals with stroke. This perspective highlights evidence regarding the contributions of ipsilateral motor pathways from the contralesional hemisphere and spinal interneuronal pathways for paretic lower limb movement and recovery. This perspective also identifies opportunities for future research to expand our knowledge about ipsilateral motor pathways and provides insights into how this information may be used to guide rehabilitation.
Approaches to setting dietary reference values for micronutrients, and translation into recommendations

Dietary reference values (DRV) are estimates of the daily amounts of nutrients or food energy that meet the needs of healthy people. In the UK, three terms are used to express these estimates, assuming a normal distribution of requirements in a population. These are the estimated average requirement, the lower reference nutrient intake and the reference nutrient intake. DRV are for use in a variety of settings, including the assessment of adequacy and safety of nutrient or energy intake in a population group, in the design of meal provision in care settings, in food labelling and in considering food fortification strategies. DRV, and other expressions of nutrient requirements, assume a relationship between the intake of a nutrient and some criterion of adequacy, the outcome. Estimates of requirements are based on a diverse range of measures of adequacy, according to available evidence. The Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) is the body responsible for reviewing and setting DRV for the UK population. The work of SACN is guided by a framework of evidence that relates food and nutrients to health. There have been calls for the harmonisation of approaches used in the setting of nutrient requirements, globally, and an increased transparency in the decision-making process. Some progress has been made in this regard, but there is a great deal of work to be done.