Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human capital and tourism competitiveness: an analysis essay

The aim of this paper is to analyze the link between human capital and competitiveness in the tourism industry. Human capital has long been, since the founding works of Schultz and Becker, at the center of debates on its role in the competitiveness of companies as well as of nations. How is this relationship between human capital and service industries, in this case tourism, argued? This is the central questioning of the problem that we have tried to analyse. The hypothesis of this work is implicit: countries that do not improve the quality of training of their human resources, cannot aspire to general economic performance and to be among the best at the international level in the field of tourism in particular As this is an analytical essay, we have favored an analysis methodology, essentially hypothetico-deductive to establish the preponderant role of human capital in the competitive advantage in tourism by resorting on the theoretical level to a review of the concepts and theories of human capital and tourism competitiveness and on the empirical level to the analysis of the model of evaluation of the competitiveness of the World Economic Furum to find the correlation between the rankings in the tourism competitiveness index and the human capital index
Bioactivity Screening and Identification of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophytes of Carica papaya L. Leaves

Objectives: This work describes the chemical and in-vitro bioactivity studies on endophytic fungi derived from the leaves of Carica papaya L. Methods: Column Chromatography was employed for isolation of fungal metabolites. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectral data was utilized to elucidate the structure of the isolated compounds and physicochemical properties of them were also examined. As a part of in-vitro bioactivity screening disc diffusion method, 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay were conducted to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, respectively. Results: A total of four fungal isolates were identified as endophytic fungi and purified from the young leaves of Carica papaya . These fungi, encoded as CPLE-1, CPLE-2, CPLE-3 and CPLE-4, were identified up to the genus level on the basis of their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics as Colletotrichum sp. , Carvularia sp. , and next two as Alternaria sp. , respectively. Chemical profiling and preliminary bioactivity screening of the fungal endophytes signified strain CPLE-3 with highest potentiality to produce bioactive compounds which directs its large scale cultivation. Ergosterol and Alternariol monomethyl ether were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fungus, CPLE-3. Conclusion: Bioactivity and chemical screening of the endophytic fungal extracts of Carica papaya leaf along with the isolation of fungal secondary metabolites suggested these endophytic fungi to be possible source of bioactive leads for developing new and improved medicines.
Evaluation of the Insecticidal Activity of Punica granatum L. and Olea europaea L. against the Dry Bean Beetle , Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera:Bruchidae)

A laboratory study was carried to determine the efficacy of Punica granatum Linn. and Olea europaea L. leaf powders a gainst adults of the dry bean beetle, Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera:Bruchidae) under laboratory conditions . The death rate of A. obtectus increased gradually with increasing the concentration and period of exposure to powdered plant leaves. After 120 hours of exposure to the powdered plant leaves, P. granatum caused adult mortality 82.17%, while O. europaea caused adult death 68.14%. In case of P. granatum leaf powders, the LC50 value was 16.73 g / 30 g white kidney bean while LT50 recorded 69.01 hours at 25 g / 30 g white kidney bean. While the maximum effectiveness of inhibition oviposition was recorded by using P. granatum leaf powder (75.06 %) compared to O. europaea (53.11 %). A decrease in adult exit was reported among the treatments and the maximum decrease was noticed in the dry white beans with the highest dose rate leaves powder of P. granatum (68.19%) and O. europaea (52.38%). Results obtained from this study revealed that the used plant leaf powders significantly reduced the infestation and the weight loss for white kidney bean. However, P. granatum had higher activity against A. obtectus than O. europaea. There is no doubt that both plants under study have a significant effect on the pest, and accordingly, they can be used in the production of environmentally friendly plant-based insecticides.
Bending behaviors of flexible acoustic wave devices under non-uniform elasto-plastic deformation

Flexible acoustic wave devices (FAWDs) have been explored in various applications where bending is inevitable. However, theoretical investigations of bending behavior of FAWDs hitherto are mostly done in the linear deformation regime. Herein, we develop a multi-sublayer model based on a stiffness matrix method for analysis of frequency shifts of surface acoustic waves and Lamb waves under elasto-plastic deformations. Using this model, we calculate the frequency shifts for the cases of both an elastic bending and an elasto-plastic bending. Experimental frequency shifts of ZnO/Al flexible devices show good agreement with the theoretical results in the elastic bending tests (with a relative error of strain sensitivity < 3%) and also show relatively good agreement with the qualitative theoretical predictions in the nonlinearly elasto-plastic bending. For three successive bending and recovery processes, the experimentally obtained frequency shifts show good repeatability in the elastic and elasto-plastic bending, demonstrating maximum relative errors of strain sensitivities less than 6.1% and 18.2%.
Evaluation of Refractive Errors in Children

The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of refractive errors in children. Children of selected ages will be identi ied for visual acuity measurement, and primary eye examination will be performed. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the refractive errors in children in Saveetha medical college. A comprehensive eye examination was performed, and children with different types of refractive errors were found out. A total of 100 children were taken for the study. The sample size of the study is 100. Eye examination was performed, and refractive error was evaluated. The refractive errors that are most common in the affected age groups can be found out. Themost common refractive errorwas found to bemyopia, followedbyhypermetropia and then astigmatism. This study helps to identify themost common type of error, and the causes can be found out. This is also helpful in the prevention of these errors. Early diagnosis will lead to proper and effective treatment. When these errors are left untreated, it can cause other severe effects in the eye. Awareness should be created among both the children and the parents about this problem, and the importance of regular eye examination can be stressed through this study.
Nutri-metabolomics effect and exposure markers of apple and pectin intake

Risk of cardiovascular disease is related to cholesterol distribution in different lipoprotein fractions. Lipoproteins in rodent model studies can only reliably be measured by timeand plasma-consuming fractionation. An alternative method to measure cholesterol distribution in the lipoprotein fractions in rat plasma is presented in this paper. Plasma from two rat studies (n = 68) was used in determining the lipoprotein profile by an established ultracentrifugation method and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of replicate samples was obtained. From the ultracentrifugation reference data and the NMR spectra, an interval partial least-square (iPLS) regression model to predict the amount of cholesterol in the different lipoprotein fractions was developed. The relative errors of the prediction models were between 12 and 33% and had correlation coefficients (r) between 0.96 and 0.84. The models were tested with an independent test set giving prediction errors between 19 and 46% and r between 0.96 and 0.76. Prediction of High, Low and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (HDL, LDL and VLDL) and total cholesterol was conducted in a study where rats had been supplemented with two doses of air-dried apple-powder. No significant difference in LDL, VLDL and total cholesterol was observed between the groups. The high apple-powder (20%) group had significantly lower HDL cholesterol (11%, P = 0.0452) than the control group. It is concluded that the iPLS approach yielded excellent regression models and thus univocal established chemometric analysis of NMR spectra of rat plasma as a strong and efficient way to quantify lipoprotein fractions in rat studies.
(AT2) receptor: an enigmatic seven transmembrane receptor

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. AT2 receptor physiology: what does the AT2 receptor do? 3.1. AT2 receptor expression and tissue distribution 3.2. Developmental regulation: AT2 involvement in differentiation and apoptosis 3.3. Vascular responsiveness: AT2 dilator and constrictor actions 3.4. Cardiac fibrosis: AT2 proliferative and anti-proliferative actions 3.5. Myocardial hypertrophy: AT2 pro-growth and anti-growth actions 4. AT2 Receptor signalling: the ongoing search for g protein-coupled signals 4.1. G Protein-coupling 4.2. NO-cGMP 4.3. Activation of phosphatases and dephosphorylation of MAPKs 5. Novel AT2 interacting proteins: screening for new AT2 targets 5.1. ErbB3 5.2. ATIP/ATBP50 5.3. PLZF 6. Signalling without angiotensin II: is the AT2 receptor constitutively active? 7. AT2 receptor dimerization: fact or fantasy? 8. Perspective 9. Acknowledgements 10. References
Self-assembly of cucurbit[7]uril on the surface of graphene/gold modified electrode

Using supramolecular recognition capability of cucurbit[7]uril to create a novel electrochemical sensing platform was accomplished by self-assembly of cucurbit[7]uril on the surface of graphene–gold composites modified glassy carbon electrode. The graphene–gold composites consisted of electrochemically reduced graphene oxide–nafion matrix and anchored electrodeposited gold nanoparticles and the graphene–gold composites modified glassy carbon electrode (labelled as graphene–gold) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectrometer. Self-assembly of cucurbit[7]uril was achieved by immersing the graphene–gold electrode into cucurbit[7]uril solution and confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectra, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Ferrocene and its derivatives served as the substrates, and the electrochemical responses of fabricated graphene–gold/cucurbit[7]uril electrode were evaluated. The results showed that the presence of cucurbit[7]uril increased the peak current, improved the reversibility of reaction and extended the recognition ability of the modified electrode.
The Effect of Board Characteristics on Internet Financial Reporting Quality: Evidence from Malaysia

The emergence of digital technology has spurred utilization of internet financial reporting (IFR). However, without the initiative from a corporate board to address issues such as lacking vigorous regulations that prescribing best practices of online business reporting, IFR quality may not be elevated accordingly. The main objective of this study is to determine the extent of qualitative characteristics of IFR across Malaysian listed companies by examining the relationship between board characteristics and IFR quality (IFRQ), moderated by Effectiveness of Internal Audit Function (EIAF). Qualitative approach via non-probability purposive sampling was used to select the companies from 11 relevant industries in Malaysia, to which 160 companies were selected to examine these correlations. The data were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) via WarpPLS version 7.0. The results prove that board size, independence of directors, and female directors significantly improve IFRQ. The EIAF appears to moderate only independent directors. This could be due to substitute effect between board quality and internal audit quality. This study provides a better understanding of the role of board characteristics towards improving IFRQ and enriching the literature on IFR measurement mechanism.
Does Clickbait Actually Attract More Clicks? Three Clickbait Studies You Must Read

Studies show that users do not reliably click more often on headlines classified as clickbait by automated classifiers. Is this because the linguistic criteria (e.g., use of lists or questions) emphasized by the classifiers are not psychologically relevant in attracting interest, or because their classifications are confounded by other unknown factors associated with assumptions of the classifiers? We address these possibilities with three studies—a quasi-experiment using headlines classified as clickbait by three machine-learning models (Study 1), a controlled experiment varying the headline of an identical news story to contain only one clickbait characteristic (Study 2), and a computational analysis of four classifiers using real-world sharing data (Study 3). Studies 1 and 2 revealed that clickbait did not generate more curiosity than non-clickbait. Study 3 revealed that while some headlines generate more engagement, the detectors agreed on a classification only 47% of the time, raising fundamental questions about their validity.
Orange bagasse as biomass for 2G-ethanol production= : Bagaço de laranja como biomassa para produção de etanol-2G

Os biocombustiveis de segunda geracao surgiram como fontes energeticas promissoras, podendo ser obtidos a partir de varios tipos de biomassa que nao seja utilizada para alimentos. Um tipo de biomassa que apresenta baixo custo alem de apresentar niveis elevados de carboidratos, e a biomassa obtida apos o processamento da laranja (Citrus processing waste from oranges, CPWO). Ha um grande interesse na exploracao desta biomassa em termos da producao do bioetanol (etanol da 2G). Nosso trabalho visa melhorar os processos de hidrolise do CPWO comparando o rendimento do processo classico de hidrolise acida com aplicacao de enzimas comerciais ou provenientes do microrganismo Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, cepa 306 (um fitopatogeno). Os resultados obtidos com a presente investigacao evidenciam que ocorreu a conversao bem-sucedida do CPWO em uma mistura de acucares. A posteriori, os acucares redutores que foram obtidos foram convertidos em bioetanol por meio da fermentacao em mono- e co-cultura. Para tanto, foi empregada a especie Saccharomyces cerevisiae e duas cepas de Candida parapsilosis IFM 48375 e NRRL Y-12969, sendo que as duas ultimas foram isoladas a partir do bagaco da laranja. Os rendimentos em termos de bioetanol obtido nas fermentacoes aplicando co-culturas estavam ao redor de 50 a 62%, constituindo valores muito maiores comparados com os obtidos por cepas usadas individualmente. Alem disso, os acucares foram consumidos mais rapidamente (6 h), tornando tais processos atraentes em termos de custo e aplicacoes comerciais. Abstract
Complexity Reduction in Massive-MIMO-NOMA SIC Receiver in Presence of
 Imperfect CSI

One of the main reasons for switching to the next generation of communication systems is the demand of increasing capacity and network connections. This goal can be achieved using massive multiple input - multiple output (massive-MIMO) systems in combination with Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique. NOMA technology uses the successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver to detect user’s signals which imposes an additional complexity on the system. In this paper, we proposed two methods to reduce the system complexity. The proposed method despite imperfect channel state information (CSI) in the receiver, there is not significantly reduction in the system performance. Since the computation of matrices inverse has a high computational complexity, we used the Neumann series approximation method and the Gauss-Seidel decomposition method to compute matrices inverse in the SIC receiver. Simulation results are provided at the end of the paper in terms of bit error rate (BER) at the receiver which show, these methods have lower computational complexity in comparison with the traditional methods while they cause a slight performance reduction in the SIC receiver. Also, we examined the increasing and decreasing value of imperfect channel state information in the system performance which shows the increasing value of imperfect channel state information, cause a slight performance reduction in SIC receiver.
SEXUAL DIMORPHISM AND GROWTH IN THE SKULL OF SAIMAA RINGED SEAL (PUSA HISPIDA SAIMENSIS) – A 3D GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRIC APPROACH

The mammalian skull is a complex structure made of separate bones of independent origins. During the growth of an individual, its skull undergoes changes in shape and size ending in a complete three-dimensional entity of an adult individual. Sexual dimorphism has been well-documented in pinnipeds. The Saimaa ringed seal (Pusa hispida saimensis) is a subspecies of the ringed seal (Pusa h. hispida). Its origin dates to the last Ice Age, when postglacial land elevation cut off a population of marine ringed seals into what is now Lake Saimaa. The current population size is slightly over 400 individuals. The Saimaa ringed seal population has been subject to adverse conditions brought about by direct and indirect human activities, which have limited its numbers and reduced its genetic diversity. The aim of this study is to investigate the shape changes happening on the skulls of male and female Saimaa ringed seals from a growth series compiled from skulls collected from throughout Lake Saimaa. Altogether 80 skulls of male and female specimens were analysed, with ages spanning from stillborns (age 0 years) to adults (age over 7 years). Skulls were digitized with a MicroScribe digitizer and coordinate data from 53 landmarks were analysed with the MorphoJ software for geometric morphometric analysis. This study shows that individuals go through a similar phase of rapid skull development during their first year of life, when the skull grows in length and size through elongation of the facial skeleton and expansion of the neurocranium. A difference was found between sexes in skull shape, demonstrating the existence of sexual dimorphism in the Saimaa ringed seal. ITÄ-SUOMEN YLIOPISTO Ympäristöja biotieteiden laitos KURKI, TEEMU: Saimaannorpan kallon sukupuolidimorfismi ja kasvu – 3D geometrisen morfometrian lähestymistapa Pro gradu – tutkielma (40 op), 25 s. , liitteitä 2 Kesäkuu 2020 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Neurolinguistic Programming in Practice: More Empirical than Magical

Neurolinguistic programming (NLP) is a psychotherapeutic approach, applying understanding and reformation of thinking and behavior in specific psychological and physical conditions. NLP differs from psychotherapies, such as hypnotherapy, counseling, and cognitive-behavioral therapy, in that NLP aims to alter the underlying thought pattern, eliminating the hindrance. Whether or not NLP should be merged with mainstream medical practice is a matter of ongoing debate. Nevertheless, the practice of NLP leads to useful communication and rapport between doctors and patients. It remains challenging to determine the efficacy of NLP as singular therapy or combined therapy via classical research studies into such subjective matters as fear, pain, and depression. However, for many patients, NLP simply “works”. This review is designed as a practical resource regarding NLP. It begins with a historical background (notable researchers and studies), reviews evidence-based research, presents indications and contraindications, highlights applications in specific conditions, such as: phobias (panic and anxiety disorders, claustrophobia, and acrophobia); post-traumatic depression and anxiety (injury, stroke, disability, and death); occupational stress; chronic pain; pregnancy; substance abuse; application and integration in medical practice; and training and certification. The design aim was to develop a succinct—go-to—resource regarding NLP for physicians, psychologists, health care providers, policymakers, and the general public.
On Scalarity in the Verbal Domain. The Case of Polish Psych Verbs. Part 1: Polish Perfective Psych Verbs and Their Prefixes

Polish perfective psych verbs are generally analyzed as inceptive predicates focusing the beginning of an emotional state holding of an experiencer. However, a perfective psych verb can also denote an event of gradual scalar change. In this paper, I argue that on the inceptive reading a perfective psych predicate denotes a transition from a state in which p does not hold to a state in which p holds of an experiencer. In events of gradual change, there is an increase in the degree on the scale of intensity of a given psych state or on the (abstract) extent scale contributed by a verb’s argument. As the internal temporal structure of the events denoted by perfective psych predicates can depend on elements of syntactic context outside the verb, the domain of aspectual composition in Polish is not the verb, pace Rothstein (2020), but VoiceP/vP.
COSMOS + TAXIS | Volume 9 Issue 1 & 2 2021

The word of wisdom, the religious commandment which regulates alcohol and tobacco consumption for the member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, was first articulated as a principle with a promise, the observance of which was left up to the individual’s discretion. During the second half of the 19th century church leadership moved towards stricter enforcement of the principle regulating alcohol and tobacco consumption. We argue that this intensification of religious behavioral standards in the Utah territory was a direct result of the quickly encroaching Transcontinental Railroad, the advancing federal government of the United States after the end of the civil war, statehood, the threat of being integrated into the larger market economy that came with both, and ultimately federal alcohol prohibition. The stricter behavioral standards for practicing Mormons allowed the church to continue to provide a wide array of public goods in the face of increased potential for trade with religious outsiders in and outside of the Beehive (Utah territory).
GENDER ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN COASTAL CITY

The purpose of this study is gender economic development, labor force participation, unemployment, and education. The research method uses descriptive qualitative supported by quantitative data. The results of this study show that the community understood enough about the concept of gender, gender equality, and gender mainstreaming. Women and men seem to understand women better than men. This can be seen from the results of data analysis. In terms of the notion of gender, there are still varied opinions, signifying the struggle for a variety of understanding about gender concepts. In terms of whether or not they agree with gender equality, there are still those who disagree even though the number is small at 20.50%, and when compared to that number, men are greater (13.67%) than women (6.83%). Most men mentioned this because women would no longer feel uncomfortable with men. From this, it can be said that there is still a patriarchal culture, which considers women to feel uncomfortable facing men, men should be more authoritative, than women, where it should not have happened if they understand the concept of gender. In the end, they are generally and conceptually aware of the concept of gender equality or gender mainstreaming. However, in reality, their perceptions are still influenced by the culture of male domination.