Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Feeding by Bluefish and Weakfish along Riprap‐Hardened Shorelines: Comparisons with Adjacent Sandy Beach in Delaware Bay, USA

AbstractShoreline hardening alters the morphology of the intertidal zone and has been shown to impact various measures of shore zone habitat quality. Diet composition and stomach fullness of two predatory fishes, the Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix and Weakfish Cynoscion regalis, were compared between natural (beach) shorelines and adjacent hardened (riprap) shorelines at three sites in Delaware Bay during July and August 2013 to assess differences in shore zone habitat function. Young Bluefish were available from one site, and their diet consisted primarily of Bay Anchovy Anchoa mitchilli, Atlantic Silversides Menidia menidia, and the mysid shrimp Neomysis americana. Bluefish diet composition differed significantly between beach and riprap during July, with Atlantic Silversides predominating in beach samples and mysids dominating riprap samples. Bluefish also had significantly higher feeding activity (stomach fullness) along beach shorelines than along riprap during August. For young Weakfish, diets were do.
Cell therapy of rotenone-induced experimental parkinsonism model

The comparative study of the antioxidant activity of the packaged juices of black currants, bilberry and blueberry. The dependence of the fluorescence intensity of fluorescein from the logarithm of the concentration of juice, of which graphically determined indicators IC 50 . Among other novel therapeutic approaches mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)-based therapy seemed the most promising in Parkinson’s disease animal model. In this abstract the effect of intranasal infused MSC on behavioral and neurological status of rats with experimental parkinsonism was estimated.
Response of Water Stress Parameters to Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Method of Water Management in Low land Rice (Oryza sativa)

Response of Water Stress Parameters to Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Method of Water Management in Low land Rice (Oryza sativa). Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) is an irrigation technique where water is applied to the field a number of days after disappearance of ponded water. The treatments consisted of continuous submergence besides AWD irrigation regimes with two ponded water depths of 3 and 5 cm and drop in ponded water levels in field water tube below ground level to 5, 10 and 15 cm depth. The eight treatments were laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The irrigation water applied effective rainfall and seasonal volume of water input varied from 708 to 1390 mm, 216 to 300 mm and 1048 to 1646 mm, respectively on pooled basis. Irrigation water applied in AWD irrigation regimes amounted to 50.9 to 82.1% of continuous submergence (1390 mm). Water stress parameters viz., relative water content (90.00 to 91.81% in 2013 and 92.19 to 92.77% in 2014) and leaf water potential (10.0 to 11.8 –bars in 2013 and 10.3 to 12.6 –bars in 2014) reflecting plant water balance were higher in continuous submergence depth of 3 cm from transplanting to PI and 5 cm from PI to PM, comparable values of RWC and LWP were also registered when the crop was flooded to a water depth of 5 cm between 15 DAT to PM as and when ponded water level drops to 5 cm BGL in field water tube and 10 cm BGL in field water tube. Likewise in AWD irrigation regime flooding to a water depth of 3 cm from 15 DAT to PI and 5 cm from PI to PM as and when ponded water level drops to 15 cm BGL in field water tube markedly lower the relative water content and leaf water potential.
IMPROVING THE K-MEANS CLUSTERING USING VISUAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS

In this paper, we mainly focus on tweaking the performance of clustering by K-means for the given acquisition data. The data include a lot of attributes having different categories. Mainly the attributes are categorized into Numerical attributes and Categorical attributes. By using these attributes, data can be classified into a) Numerical data having only numerical attributes b) Categorical data having only categorical attributes c) Mixed data having both Categorical and numerical attributes. Initially, the Correlation Analysis is used for knowing the relationship among the attributes in the given data. It is exceptionally hard to discover Correlation Analysis for a tremendous measure of information. It may be conceivable of missing the traits with the tremendous measure of information. So in this paper, the correlation map is constructed for visualizing the correlated attributes by leaving irrelevant attributes among the given acquisition data. This correlated data available from the correlation map are used for tweaking the performance of K-means clustering results. For extracting the correlated data and tweaking the k-means clustering results, the Correlation based K-means Clustering (CBK) algorithm is proposed. In this paper, we mainly visualize the Clustering Accuracy and Normalized Mutual Information (NMI) among the attributes using K-means and future Correlation based k-means (CBK).
Analysis of Interactions between Cdc42 and the Protein Trafficking Machinery

Epithelial polarity is established by polarity proteins and maintained by polarized trafficking through intricate interdependent mechanisms. In the Drosophila ventral neuroectoderm (VNE), Cdc42/Par complex regulates the retromer retrieval complex to promote apical recycling and maintain epithelial polarity. I have further characterized the retromer by generating antibodies against subunits Vps35 and Vps5. In wild-type VNE, both proteins partially colocalized with early endosomes, sorting endosomes (SEs), and the Golgi network. In the VNE of dominant-negative Cdc42-expressing embryos, Vps35 becomes enriched at SEs, where apical cargo was previously shown to accumulate abnormally. This suggests that in the absence of Cdc42 function, the retromer recognizes cargo in SEs, but recycling is blocked. I have also performed a deficiency screen for genes that cooperate with Cdc42 in the VNE. I identified the ESCRT machinery, which promotes protein degradation, and the exocyst complex, which regulates vesicle secretion at the plasma membrane, as functional interactors
Comparative analyses of epigeic spider assemblages in Northern Hungarian winter wheat fields and their adjacent margins

Pitfall trapping was carried out in northern Hungarian winter wheat fields and their adjacent margins during the growing seasons of three consecutive years, 1992–1994. The dominant species of both habitats was the wolf spider Pardosa agrestis (Westring). A total of 8403 adult individuals of 19 families of 149 spider species was identified: 118 species from the winter wheat and 118 from the margins with fewer traps. The efficiency of detecting species by trapping was 90%, according to the BauleMitscherlich extrapolation model. Provided that the sampling effort is the same in both habitats, traps in the margin may catch higher number of individuals and species, than traps located within the field. Calculations, however, indicate that the field, with an area more than a hundred times larger than that of the margins, has a higher total number of species. Although the spider species spectrum of the field and of the margin had a considerable overlap, the Renkonen similarity index indicates that the spider fauna of the two types of habitats were different. Spider assemblages of the margins were more diverse (Renyi diversity), than those of the fields. The species richness of epigeic spiders in our Hungarian winter wheat fields was high, and it was increased by the presence of margins. Thus, for the purposes of the protection of our fauna and promotion of integrated pest management, establishment and maintenance of margins is strongly desirable. Recent development of the Hungarian agriculture shows an increased attention to land use in general. Re-evaluation of former land use (share of field crops, reforestation of areas that are not suitable and economical for crop production), implementation of the basic principles of the ‘‘National Strategy for Conservation of Biodiversity’’ (Hungarian Academy of Sciences) reflects the importance of agrarian biotopes. Parallel to this, the present development of plant protection is focusing on the potential of natural enemies in integrated pest management (IPM), which involves maintaining their habitats and applying management practices that have minimal adverse
Which Traits Allow Weed Species to Persist in Grass Margin Strips?

Sown-grass margin strips, historically established to limit pesticide drift and soil erosion, are now also promoted for enhancing floral diversity and associated ecosystem services. To better understand weed community assembly in grass margin strips, we performed floral surveys in 75 sown-grass margin strips in two regions in France and characterized each species using information from trait databases. We hypothesized that traits of dominant species would differ between newly sown-grass margin strips and older strips. Weed species were separated into functional groups based on their traits using multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical ascendant classification. Functional group trajectories were investigated in sown-grass margin strips that differed in age using a space-for-time substitution approach. We found that geophyte, competitor, and monocotyledon species were more frequent and abundant in grass margin strips than therophyte, ruderal, and dicotyledon species. Results also showed that floral diversity was greatest in grass margin strips of intermediate age. Our findings have implications for optimizing diversity and ecosystem services on land enrolled in conservation programs and suggest that mowing later in the season and periodic soil disturbance can increase floral diversity. The analytical framework that we introduced in this research can also be used to explore weed community assembly in other systems.
Deteksi Gen Penyandi Sifat Resistensi Metisilin, Penisilin dan Tetrasiklin pada Isolat Staphylococcus aureus Asal Susu Mastitis Subklinis Sapi Perah

Detection of gene encoding resistance of bacteria could be used as an accurate method to determine resistance of Staphylococcus aureus which is causing mastitis in dairy cows to the several antibiotics. This research aimed to detect the gene encoding resistance of methicillin, penicillin and tetracycline from identified S. aureus. Sixty milk samples were collected from subclinical mastitis of cows from various dairy farming in Yogyakarta. Isolation and identification of S. aureus based on the culture, Gram staining and biochemical test. Phenotypes of S. aureus resistances against antibiotics were carried out by disc diffusion method, meanwhilespecies specific gene of S. aureus and the gene encoding methicillin, penicillin and tetracycline were confirmed by PCR method. The results showed 11 isolates representing of Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) could be identified, wherein 5 isolates were harboring both of penicillin and tetracycline resistant genes respectively.
Fuzzy Energy Management Scheme for a Hybrid Power Sources of High-Altitude Pseudosatellite

HAPS (high-altitude pseudosatellites) are flight machines, airplane type, generally without pilot which fly in a definite zone at 18-22 km altitude, providing communication and surveillance services. These flight machines do not leave the atmosphere, and their purpose is to maintain a constant flight level for as long time as possible in the interest zone (e.g., five years) to fulfill their mission. HAPS energetic system proposed in this paper has to feed the electric propulsion system of HAPS (12.5 kW) and also to feed on-board equipment (navigation, data links, scientific equipment, etc.). On-board energy sources have to maintain HAPS in the interest zone for long periods. For this reason, it is used in the present solar power sources. A part of the generated energy is consumed on board; the rest is stored daytime and consumed nighttime. So, the system is provided with energy generation systems and also with storage and management systems. HAPS energetic system is a hybrid type, with two or more power sources. In this case, power sources are photovoltaic panels are used daytime and fuel cell are used nighttime, and also, a battery and/or a supercapacitor is used in transition periods from day to night and in peak load periods. In this paper, an electric power system used nighttime is designed and analysed. In this situation, the primary power source is the fuel cell and the secondary power sources are battery and/or supercapacitor. There are used numerical simulations models, developed in Matlab/Simulink, for all hybrid power source components: fuel cell stack, battery system, supercapacitors, conversion system, and fuzzy logic power management system. For a part of these components, there are used existing simulation models in Matlab/Simulink, adapted to these simulation requirements, and for others, there are designed and implemented simulation schemes according to these simulation requirements. An important component of the hybrid power source is the power conversion system which adapts the power sources parameters to consumer input requirements. A fuzzy logic power management system is designed.
THE EFFECT OF OCCLUSAL PREPARATION DESIGN ON THEADAPTATION AND FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF DIFFERENTCAD/CAM CROWNS

Background and Aim: To evaluate the effect of anatomical and semi anatomical occlusal surface preparation designs on the marginal and internal adaptation and to compare the fracture strength of crowns fabricated from three different CAD/CAM blocks. Material and Methods: Two maxillary right first molar were prepared on a typodont model (Standard Model ANA4; Frasaco) according to the two occlusal surface preparation design; anatomical (A) and semi-anatomical (SA). Sixteen crown restorations were processed each from 3 different CAD/CAM blocks; glass ceramic in a resin interpenetrating matrix crown (Vita Enamic) (Group EN), flexible nano-ceramic crown (GC Cerasmart) (Group CS) and fiber reinforced composite crown (Trinia) (Group FRC). The replica technique and a light microscope (×40) were used to measure the marginal and internal adaptation at 5 preselected locations. Crowns were loaded until fracture in a universal test machine. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc test (p=.05). Results: Type of restorative material had significant influence (P<.05), but occlusal surface preparation had no significant influence on marginal and internal adaptation (P>.05). Both the occlusal surface preparation and the type of material had significant influence on fracture strength (P<.05). The highest fracture strength values were obtained with FRC crowns and the lowest values were obtained with EN crowns in both preparation designs (P<.05). Conclusion: The crown materials demonstrated clinically acceptable marginal and internal adaptations. Type of occlusal preparation design had no significant effect on marginal and internal adaptations but had significant effect on fracture resistance. Anatomic occlusal preparation resulted in higher fracture resistance.
Drought impact on forest regeneration in the Southeast USA

Elevating concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases are now widely acknowledged as a major cause of global warming. A warmer climate could increase the frequency, duration, and/or severity of drought and, in turn, could alter the composition, structure, and biogeography of forests in many regions. To explore the regional effects of different drought severities on forest regeneration, we investigated changes in sapling growth and density across the southeastern United States under various drought and stand conditions using 1991–2005 Forest Health and Monitoring plot data from Alabama, Georgia, and Virginia. Drought effects were examined on three species groups (pine, oak + hickory, and mesophytic species) using the Palmer Drought Severity Index. Stand and site variables, including total basal area, total stand density, tree species richness, slope, and stand age, were used to account for drought effects under varying stand conditions. The oak + hickory and mesophytic species groups exhibited significant reductions in annual growth rate with increasing drought severity. However, no significant difference in annual growth rate was observed within the pine species group. Chi-square analysis showed that annual mortality rate was significantly dependent on drought severity for each species group but annual recruitment rate was only significantly dependent on drought severity for the oak + hickory group. Total basal area, tree species richness, and stand age had a negative effect on growth in one or more species groups. The observed differential dynamics of sapling growth, mortality, and recruitment among species groups may alter the trend of forest regeneration in southeastern U.S. forests because of the predicted increases in intensity and frequency of droughts in the future. The significant effects of stand conditions on drought responses observed in our study also suggest that appropriate forest management strategies may be useful to maintain structure features of understory saplings for southeastern U.S. forests.
Soil carbon sequestration and crop yield in response to application of chemical fertilizer combined with cattle manure to an artificially eroded Phaeozem

ABSTRACT Organic manure application is a feasible approach to alleviate the deterioration of soil erosion on soil organic carbon (SOC). However, to what extent manure application can restore carbon contents in SOC fractions in the eroded Phaeozems remains unknown. A 5-year field experiment was conducted in an artificially eroded Phaeozem with up to 30 cm of topsoil being removed. Chemical fertiliser, or chemical fertiliser plus cattle manure was applied. The contents of SOC were 23.6, 21.6 and 15.1 g C kg−1 soil for non-soil removal control, 10 and 30 cm of topsoil removal, respectively. Compared with the chemical fertiliser-only treatment, the chemical fertiliser plus manure application markedly increased SOC contents by 30–45% and C sequestration rates by 7.1–9.0-fold, especially in the fraction of 53–250 μm particulate organic carbon. However, with manure applied, SOC content in the fraction of mineral associated organic carbon in the 30 cm topsoil-removed soil was 2.9 g kg−1, 14.7% less than control (3.4 g kg−1). The combination of chemical fertliser and manure application effectively restored SOC in the eroded Phaeozems mainly through increasing the size of 53–250 μm particulate organic C fraction, but did not improve the SOC stability in severely eroded Phaeozems.
A Motor Driven by Permanent Magnets Alone; A Clean and Abundant Source of Electromagnetic Energy from Iron and Other Ferromagnetic Materials

Since the discovery of loadstone more than three hundred years ago, we have contemplated using the magnetic forces generated by permanent magnets to work for us. It is shown here that two permanent magnets with opposite poles facing can attract along their equatorial plane and then repel along their polar plane in sequence, without reversing polarity and without the use of another source of energy. This sequence of attract and repel between two permanent magnets is like the attract and repel sequence between an electromagnet and permanent magnet in an electric motor. The discovery described here can be used to construct a motor driven entirely by permanent magnets.
Vegetative description of three Aquilaria (Thymelaeaceae) saplings in Malaysia

Plants` reproductive parts are most important for species identification. However, trees such as Aquilaria species take many years to mature and produce flowers and fruits. Inconsistent and infrequent flowering periods may cause additional hindrance to classical identification. In this study, descriptions were made based on vegetative parts such as leaf, branch and bark for saplings of three Aquilaria species found in Malaysia. It was found that A. hirta sapling can be recognized through the densely hairy twigs, young shoots and axillary buds, undersurface of leaf, margin, petiole and midrib besides the strongly raised midrib, and usually unbranched habit; A. malaccensis through the many branches and white spots along main axis, entire leaf margin, slightly hairy leaf undersurface and midrib, and glabrous petiole; Aquilaria sp.1 from the lower branches that are nearly perpendicular to the stem and wavy leaf margin. These vegetative characters can serve as a basis for the correct identification of Aquilaria saplings when growers need to confirm their planting materials.
The impact of maternal overnutrition during the periconceptional period on the development of postnatal obesity in the sheep.

VII DECLARATION . IX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . X RELATED PUBLICATIONS . XII LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES . XIII COMMONLY USED ABBREVIATIONS . XVII CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW . 2 1.
Time-course accumulation of flavonoids in hydroponically grown Achillea millefolium L.

Pedneault, K. , Dorais, M. , Léonhart, S. , Angers, P. and Gosselin, A. 2014. Time-course accumulation of flavonoids in hydroponically grown Achillea millefolium L. Can. J. Plant. Sci. 94: 383-395. In recent decades, the use of plant-based medicines as health products has increased considerably all over the world. As greenhouse hydroponic culture allows standardized cultural methods to be used, it may be valuable for reducing the risks associated with harvesting medicinal plants from the wild, such as species dissemination, species misidentification, adulteration, and non-hygienic handling, while allowing the production of high yields of clean, standardized biomass year-round. To evaluate the potential of hydroponic culture for medicinal plant production, the present study investigated the accumulation patterns of apigenin, luteolin, apigenin glycosides, and the chlorogenic acid 5-caffeoylquinic acid in the plant organs of A. millefolium at five phenological stages from 35 to 102 d after sowing, and drew a comparison with outdoor-grown plants at 122 d after sowing. The results showed two flavonoid accumulation peaks: one at the early growth stage (35 d after sowing) and one at early flowering (87 d after sowing). At 87 d after sowing, most of the apigenin glycosides were concentrated in the roots (3.80% wt/wt, dry weight basis), whereas free apigenin and luteolin were located mainly in the flower heads (1.25 and 0.86% wt/wt, dry weight basis, respectively). Early flowering was the best harvesting stage for optimal flavonoid production in terms of active compounds per plant and kilograms of plant biomass per cultivated area. At 122 d after sowing (phenological stage 4), the outdoor-grown plants were nine times smaller than the early flowering plants (87 d after sowing) from the hydroponic system and had a root-tissue apigenin glycoside level that was five times lower than that of the hydroponically grown plants. In conclusion, the use of a hydroponic growing system reduced by 29% the time required to reach phenological stage 4, which corresponds to maximum plant bioactive concentration, in comparison with field production. Therefore, hydroponic culture represents an effective alternative to outdoor production and can result in standardized, high-quality medicinal plant biomass with potential flavonoid yields approximating 515 mg per plant.