Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF RENAL DENERVATION ON PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM NEPHRITIS.

Jaboulay (1) appears to have been the first to perform the operation of periarterial neurectomy in man. The procedure, however, did not achieve popularity until after the appearance of a series of papers by Leriche and his associates (2, 3). The effect on patients suffering from peripheral vascular disease has been especially extensively investigated. Denervation of the kidneys more recently has been performed on patients suffering from nephralgia and hydronephrosis, success being achieved in the relief of pain.
Increasing Protection of GIS at the WTO: Clawbacks, Greenfields and Monopoly Rents

Currently there are proposals and negotiations regarding the strengthening of protection for geographic indicators (GIs) in the WTO. A major proponent of stronger protection for GIs has been the European Union. One of the arguments it has put forward for stronger protection has been that it will provide an avenue for economic development for agricultural producers in developing countries – a way to capture rents in the markets of developed countries. This paper first outlines the proposed changes to the international protection of geographic indicators. Second, the potential for groups of producers to generate and capture rents in foreign markets is assessed under differing assumptions pertaining to industry structure, product differentiation in the short and long run, barriers to entry reputation and the form of legal protection in importing countries. A discussion of the resource requirements to establish and maintain a GI is also provided.
Adoption Intention and Benefits of E-Commerce Usage in Business: An Exploratory Study

The adoption of internet for e-commerce in business in developing countries grows slower than in developed countries. This research seeks to identify the reason that causing such business to adopt e-commerce (adoption intentions) and the benefits they are realizing. Beside it, this study also want to know the differences of intention adoption and the benefits of usage between corporations which have domestic markets and those which have global markets.Research conducted in east Java and involved 64 companies as samples. By Using exploratory factor analysis it can be concluded that there are five factor in terms of intention to adopt e-commerce for business, e.i: 1) to maintain the activity with the suppliers and business partnership, 2) to keep and satisfy the customer, 3) to access to the market, 4) to build image, and 5) to recruit staff online. Further analysis concludes that there is significant different in intention adoption, especially in factor to access to the market between corporations which have domestic markets and those which have global markets. Corporations which have global markets have stronger intention in factor to- access to the market than those which domestic markets. Beside it, there is no differences significantly in benefits after adopted e-commerce for business process.The implication of the result is indicate that e-commerce have many strategic benefits for every business corporation. It is not only to improve internal and external business process but also give the equal benefits with the cost.
Family Business Groups and Organizational Structure: A Study of Bank Pyramidal Ownership in Thailand

This paper investigates how banks and finance companies operate in a family business group. Using uniquely detailed ownership data from Thailand, we find that the controlling families extensively use pyramids to control banks and finance companies and assign different lending strategies across pyramidal tiers. Lower-tier banks tend to extend loans more aggressively and perform more poorly, while upper tier banks carry out more profitable investments. After the crisis hit, upper-tier banks survived and almost all lower-tier banks went bankrupt. Our results suggest that the multilayer organizational structure of bank ownership can affect a bank´s lending behavior and its resistance to economic shocks.
A New Symbolization and Distance Measure Based Anomaly Mining Approach for Hydrological Time Series

Most of the time series data mining tasks attempt to discover data patterns that appear frequently. Abnormal data is often ignored as noise. There are some data mining techniques based on time series to extract anomaly. However, most of these techniques cannot suit big unstable data existing in various fields. Their key problems are high fitting error after dimension reduction and low accuracy of mining results. This paper studies an approach of mining time series abnormal patterns in the hydrological field. The authors propose a new idea to solve the problem of hydrological anomaly mining based on time series. They propose Feature Points Symbolic Aggregate Approximation FP_SAX to improve the selection of feature points, and then measures the distance of strings by Symbol Distance based Dynamic Time Warping SD_DTW. Finally, the distances generated are sorted. A set of dedicated experiments are performed to validate the authors' approach. The results show that their approach has lower fitting error and higher accuracy compared to other approaches.
Outbreaks of diarrheal disease: a ship is a ship.

To the Editor. —While Dr Koo and colleagues 1 should be complimented on their report of diarrheal disease outbreaks on cruise ships, the issues they note extend well beyond the civilian cruise ship industry. United States Navy aircraft carriers are quite different from cruise liners, but diarrheal disease outbreaks occasionally occur that can have military significance. After a visit to a North African port in 1988, a study from the USS John F. Kennedy (CV 67) supported the significance of onshore food-borne sources. 2 They detailed the impact on the ship's medical requirements and personnel availability. After a port visit in the Mediterranean in 1991, the medical department of the USS Forrestal (CV 59) treated more than 750 cases of diarrheal disease in a crew of 5000. 3 Another ship in the company treated 15% of the crew for diarrheal diseases, though no cause was established for either ship. During
Inverse optimal control for nonlinear systems with input constraints

In this paper, we propose a generalized inverse optimal controller for nonlinear systems with input constraints. We clarify that directional vectors of inverse optimal controllers determine the lower limits of sector margins. Under input constraints, sector margins and domains of attraction have trade-off relations. Therefore, domains in which inverse optimal controllers exist may be small, or inverse optimal controllers may not guarantee enough sector margins. Finally, we provide a robust controller for adjusting sector margins and domains of attraction.
Collecting and Sharing Transient Personal Information Online

Everyday people share events and small details of their lives with others in multiple online spaces such as blogs, social networking sites, instant messengers and email. The interest of this thesis is in these small pieces of digitized information that people share on a daily basis. We begin with a quantitative study into how individuals appropriate the display name space within instant messengers to broadcast information to their community. Our study reveals that this information falls into three main communication themes: Identification, Information about Self, and Broadcast Messaging. We then expand our findings to the design of a system called Transient Life, which is shown to provide an effortless way for users to collect their daily personal transient information tidbits on the fly. Lastly, we take a look at Transient Life in use. This exploration generates important insights and suggestions on how future tools can improve upon the basic concept put forth by Transient Life.
Integrated Review of the Association of Cytokines With Fibromyalgia and Fibromyalgia Core Symptoms

Fibromyalgia (FMS) is a chronic widespread pain (CWP) and fatigue syndrome that affects three to six million adults in the United States. Core symptoms of FMS include pain, fatigue, and mood and sleep disturbances. To date, consensus has not been reached among researchers regarding the pathogenesis of FMS nor the specific role of cytokine activation on the neuroendocrine—immune response patterns in persons with FMS. The purpose of this article is to describe and synthesize the results of research studies focused on the relationship between cytokines and FMS and among cytokines and core symptoms of FMS. There is some support in the literature for relationships among FMS symptoms and cytokines; however, there are discrepant findings related to whether proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are elevated or reduced in persons with FMS and whether their levels correlate with the core symptoms of this disorder. Although the use of cytokine biomarkers must be considered exploratory at this time due to the lack of consistent empirical findings, biobehavioral research focused on understanding the relationship of FMS with cytokines may lead to a better understanding of this complex syndrome. This knowledge may ultimately contribute to the development of interventions for symptom management that address not only the symptom manifestation but also a biological mediator of symptoms.
The influence of institutional forces in the Swedish electricity distribution industry

Title: The influence of institutional forces in the Swedish electricity distribution industry Background: The European Union (EU) consists of several institutions with the common goal to build a single Europe-wide market in which goods, services, people and capital move freely among its member states (SOU 2007:99). An important part of this work is to introduce common rules for the areas in which the EU operates. One of these areas is the electricity market. Aim: The aim of the thesis is to analyze how the Swedish electricity distribution companies have adopted and reacted to the revenue framework developed by the Energy Market Inspectorate as a result of the 2010:304 regulation. Research question: How has the revenue framework affected the productivity and the efficiency in the Swedish electricity distribution companies? Method: A qualitative study Conclusions: It appears that the revenue framework has not had a major impact on the Swedish electricity distribution companies. The results show that the majority of the companies in our study have not adopted the framework in the magnitude as expected by the Energy Market Inspectorate. Our study also shows that most of the companies are dissatisfied with the framework mainly because of the decrease of allowed revenues. As a consequence, about half of the companies have appealed the decision and are awaiting a decision from higher authority.
Differential inhibition of cholinergic and noncholinergic neurogenic contractions by 5-hydroxytryptamine1A receptor agonists in guinea pig ileum.

Previous studies have shown that 5-hydroxytryptamine1A (5-HT1A) receptors are localized only to a subset of myenteric neurons in guinea pig ileum; the purpose of this study was to determine the possible functional significance of this differential receptor localization. Nerve-mediated contractions of the longitudinal muscle, myenteric plexus of guinea pig ileum were studied in vitro. Contractions were evoked by single transmural electrical stimuli (0.5-msec duration, at 0.1 Hz; cholinergic) or trains of stimuli (10 or 20 Hz for 1 sec; noncholinergic; scopolamine, 1 microM present). The 5-HT1A agonist, 8-hydroxy-2-(n-dipropylamino)tetralin (DPAT), reduced cholinergic contractions by no more than 14% in the concentration range of 0.001 to 0.3 microM. At high concentrations (1 to 100 microM), DPAT inhibited longitudinal muscle, myenteric plexus contractions; the EC50 was 6 microM. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT) reduced longitudinal muscle, myenteric plexus contractions by a maximum of 35% and 24% at 100 and 30 microM, respectively. Spiperone and 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-[4-(2-phthalimidobutyl]piperazine (NAN-190), two 5-HT1A receptor antagonists, did not block DPAT-induced inhibition of cholinergic contractions. DPAT (3, 10 and 30 microM) shifted histamine concentration-response curves to the right in an apparently competitive manner; Schild analysis yielded a pA2 of 5.2. DPAT (3, 10, 30 and 100 microM) also shifted bethanechol concentration-response curves to the right in an apparently competitive manner; Schild analysis yielded a pA2 of 5.5. These data indicate that DPAT blocks histamine and muscarinic receptors on longitudinal muscle. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Effect of the Enterprise Risk Management Implementation on the Firm Value of European Companies

We aim to investigate the impact of the adoption of an Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) system on the enterprise value and to discover which are the determinants of this choice. Several economic actors have decided to face the current economic and financial complexity shifting from a Traditional silo-based Risk Management approach (TRM) to a more comprehensive one, the so called Enterprise Risk Management (ERM). Some academics have tried to investigate the effects of the ERM implementation on firm value, mainly focusing on the financial industry. The results are still controversial. Moreover, there is no empirical evidence about the adoption of ERM programs among non-financial companies. The aim of our study is double: first, we try to understand if the ERM implementation affects firm value on a sample of 200 European companies, belonging to both financial and non-financial industries; second, we test which are the determinants of the adoption of an ERM system. We do this performing a fixed effects panel regression analysis (goal 1) and a fixed effects logistic analysis (goal 2). We find a positive statistically significant relation between the ERM adoption and firm value. As for the probability that a firm engages in an ERM protocol, we find that size, the company beta and profitability (ROA) are the statistically significant determinants.
Strategic Choice on Product Line in Vertically Differentiated Duopoly

In a real oligopoly, firms often supply multiple products differentiated by quality in the same market. To examine why they do so, we consider a duopoly model in which firms can choose between supplying two vertically differentiated products and selling a single product in the same market. By deriving equilibriums for possible games and comparing their outcomes with each other, we explored the conditions in which firms strategically determine their product lines, choosing to sell between a single product and two products. The first three are the cases in which both firms supply both products, or they supply either homogeneous product of the two in the same market. The last two are those in which one firm supplies both but another firm does either of the two. We find that a firm producing only one product has an incentive to launch another product as long as it can do so.
Customer satisfaction survey of the facilities provided by office building “X” in Surabaya

Many high-rise office buildings have been built in Surabaya. The investors have provided complimentary facilities to satisfy their tenants. However, not all given facilities has satisfied the tenants. The purpose of this study is to find out the level of tenant satisfaction in office “X” to the existing facilities and to suggest additional required facilities. Although office “X” is offered the highest rental rate and has known as a prestigious place in Surabaya, only location and public transport have satisfied the Indonesian tenants. Meanwhile, the multi National companies have not satisfied for any existing facilities. Additional ATM facilities and presentable cafeteria, improvement of service and the security system are required by tenants.
Hemodynamic Aspects of Alzheimer's Disease

Abstract: Neuroradiological functional imaging techniques demonstrate the patterns of hypoperfusion and hypometabolism that are thought to be useful in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) from other dementing disorders. Besides the distribution patterns of perfusion or energy metabolism, vascular transit time (VTT), vascular reactivity (VR), and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), which can be measured with positron emission tomography (PET), provide hemodynamic aspects of brain pathophysiology. In order to evaluate the hemodynamic features of AD, PET studies were carried out in 20 patients with probable AD and 20 patients with vascular dementia (VaD). The PET findings were not included in their diagnostic process of AD. Using oxygen‐15‐labeled compounds, cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), OEF, cerebral blood volume, and VTT were measured quantitatively during resting state. To evaluate VR, CBF was also measured during CO2 inhalation. There was a significant increase in OEF in and around the parietotemporal cortices, but both VTT and VR were well preserved in patients with AD. By contrast, VR was markedly depressed and VTT was mildly prolonged in patients with VaD. Thus, from the hemodynamic point of view, the preservation of vascular reserve may be a distinct difference between AD and VaD. Furthermore, this indicates a hemodynamic integrity of the vasculature in the level of arterioles in AD.
Towards the Semantic Web : Design an Ontology and use it in Semantic Query

Today, the information on the Web is designed for human interpretation and it is not machined processable. Tim Berners-Lee is the inventor of the Web, and he believes that one of the goals of primitive Web being useful for machines not yet achieved. To achieve this goal, Semantic Web was introduced as a vision for the future of the Web. Accordingly, the researchers and scientists worked to develop the Semantic Web and to produce tools, rules, and technologies to become a fully semantic. One important component of the Semantic Web is the ontology. Ontology can provide semantic meaning through relations between concepts. In this paper, we introduce PLSTNO ontology to enrich the Semantic Web by reviewing the methodology and describing the process of building ontology to clarify relations between governorates, the cities, and villages in the administrative division of Palestine. Then inquire about this ontology using the appropriate tools. Finally, the research introduces the reader the techniques and methods currently in use and the open research questions in ontology and Semantic Web development.
Differentiation of Salmonella enterica based on PCR detection of selected somatic and flagellar antigens

serogroups C2 (n = 35, 28.7%), B (n = 33, 27.1%), D9 (n = 29, 22.9%), E (n = 21, 17.2%), C1 (n = 2, 64%) and A (n = 2, 1.64%). Eight of the Salmonella strains from serogroup D were positive for Vi antigen. Two multiplex PCRs were optimized for detection of H1 antigens (Ha, Hb, Hd, r, z10, z6, g and m) and H2 antigens (1.5, 1.2, 1.6 and enx). Overall, the multiplex PCRs of O, H and Vi antigens results correctly serotyped 94 of 122 strains (77%). The most frequent serovars encountered were Salmonella weltevrerden, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella hadar and Salmonella typhi. Application of DNA based technique for serogrouping and serotyping of the selected Salmonella enterica was found to be robust, quick, specific and reliable for the specific antigenic targets and is useful in the study area which lack complete serotyping facilities.
Innate immunity in plants and animals: striking similarities and obvious differences

Summary: Innate immunity constitutes the first line of defense against attempted microbial invasion, and it is a well‐described phenomenon in vertebrates and insects. Recent pioneering work has revealed striking similarities between the molecular organization of animal and plant systems for nonself recognition and anti‐microbial defense. Like animals, plants have acquired the ability to recognize invariant pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are characteristic of microbial organisms but which are not found in potential host plants. Such structures, also termed general elicitors of plant defense, are often indispensable for the microbial lifestyle and, upon receptor‐mediated perception, inevitably betray the invader to the plant's surveillance system. Remarkable similarities have been uncovered in the molecular mode of PAMP perception in animals and plants, including the discovery of plant receptors resembling mammalian Toll‐like receptors or cytoplasmic nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain leucine‐rich repeat proteins. Moreover, molecular building blocks of PAMP‐induced signaling cascades leading to the transcriptional activation of immune response genes are shared among the two kingdoms. In particular, nitric oxide as well as mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascades have been implicated in triggering innate immune responses, part of which is the production of anti‐microbial compounds. In addition to PAMP‐mediated pathogen defense, disease resistance programs are often initiated upon plant‐cultivar‐specific recognition of microbial race‐specific virulence factors, a recognition specificity that is not known from animals.
Research of micro-positioning system based on piezoelectric actuator

In order to satisfy the request of machining accuracy and fast response of ultra-precision machining, a micro-positioning system based on piezoelectric actuator and flexure hinge structure is designed. The mechanical property of hinge structure is analyzed in theory and its inherent frequency is obtained by experiment. A controllable high voltage circuit is designed to actuate PZT, and its static and dynamic characteristics are analyzed by experiments of linearity test, sinusoidal and step response. Combined with the measurement system of a diffraction grating, hysteresis and frequency response characteristics of piezoelectric ceramic actuator, a micro-positioning control algorithm is proposed based on the maximum slope method. According to experiments of the computer sample control system which is built, the positioning travel range is 19μm, the positioning accuracy is better than 0. 1μm, the positioning time is less than 0.2s.
Clasificación de género utilizando medidas antropométricas, análisis de texturas y la arquitectura ANFIS

Resumen. La automatización del proceso de clasificación de género está justificado por diversas aplicaciones que juegan un rol muy importante en la interacción entre los humanos y la computadora como: motores de búsqueda, recolección de datos demográficos y como parte de frameworks biométricos y psicológicos. En el presente artículo se diseña un método de clasificación de género utilizando imágenes faciales y la arquitectura ANFIS como clasificador, la cual nos ofrece las ventajas de la lógica difusa y las redes neuronales. La metodología propuesta nos llevará por varias fases, en las cuales se usarán diferentes métodos para la extracción de las características del rostro, como son ojos, frente, nariz, boca, barbilla, etc., así como el algoritmo LBP (Local Binary Pattern) que ayudan en la extracción de texturas y el análisis antropométrico. Se realizaron pruebas utilizando 428 imágenes los cuales fueron introducidos al clasificador, y se obtuvo un porcentaje de clasificación del 86.44%. Palabras clave: ANFIS, imágenes faciales, clasificación, LBP, clasificación de género, análisis de texturas, lógica difusa