Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unequilibrated assemblages of sulphide, metal and oxide in the fusion crusts of the enstatite chondrite meteorites

Abstract The fusion crusts of meteorites form due to heating during atmospheric entry and have mineralogies which are strongly influenced by changes in oxidation state. We have studied the fusion crusts of the most reduced primitive meteorite group, the enstatite chondrites, since they should demonstrate pronounced changes on oxidation. The fusion crusts are dominated by highly unequilibrated assemblages of sulphide, metal and oxide with compositions indicative of progressive oxidation by the reaction with atmospheric oxygen. Troilite becomes depleted in Ti, Cr and Mn, and enriched in Ni with increasing oxidation. Enrichments in the Ni-contents of kamacite and depletions in Si-content also occur with oxidation, although contemporaneous enrichments in Si within metal droplets occurs by partial melting. Assemblages dominated by Fe-oxide are found within fusion crusts as reaction rims on metal, as veins and within troilite-metal assemblages as droplets and formed by oxidation of metal during heating. Despite the evidence for large increases in redox state during heating, fusion crusts also contain lithophile sulphides indicating a high degree of disequilibrium during the atmospheric reprocessing of enstatite chondrite materials. Based on comparisons with experimental phase relations, ablation rates of 0.08-0.25 cm s-1 are predicted from the thermal gradients recorded in fusion crusts; these rates are broadly similar to those suggested for other meteorite groups.
O ct 2 01 8 Elliptic free-fermion model with OS boundary and elliptic

We introduce and study a class of partition functions of an elliptic free-fermionic face model. We study the partition functions with a triangular boundary using the off-diagonal K-matrix at the boundary (OS boundary), which was introduced by Kuperberg as a class of variants of the domain wall boundary partition functions. We find explicit forms of the partition functions with OS boundary using elliptic Pfaffians. We find two expressions based on two versions of Korepin’s method, and we obtain an identity between two elliptic Pfaffians as a corollary.
A summary of the paper: \Water storage changes and climate variability within the Nile Basin between 2002-2011", Advances in Water Resources,

The Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission provides a unique opportunity to monitor changes in total water storage (TWS) of large river basins such as the Nile. Use of GRACE-TWS changes for monitoring the Nile is, however, dicult since stronger TWS signals over the Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) and the Red Sea obscure those from smaller sub-basins making their analysis dicult to undertake. To mitigate this problem, this study employed Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to extract statistically independent TWS patterns over the sub-basins from GRACE products. Such extraction enables an in-depth analysis of water storage changes within each sub-basin and provides a tool for assessing the inuence of anthropogenic as well as climate variability caused by large scale ocean-atmosphere interactions such as the El Ni~ no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Our results indicate that LVB experienced eects of both anthropogenic and climate variability during 2002-2011 coinciding with the drought that aected the Greater Horn of Africa. Ethiopian Highlands (EH) generally exhibited a declining trend in the annual rainfall over the study period. A correlation of 0.56 was found between ENSO and TWS changes over EH indicating ENSO’s dominant inuence. TWS changes over Bar-el-Ghazal experienced mixed increase-decrease, with ENSO being the dominant climate variability in the region during the study period. A remarkable signal is noticed over the Lake Nasser region indicating the possibility of the region losing water not only through evaporation, but also possibly through over extraction from wells in the
CAMBADA Soccer Team: from Robot Architecture to Multiagent Coordination

Robotic soccer is nowadays a popular research domain in the area of multi-robot systems. RoboCup is an international joint project to promote research in artificial intelligence, robotics and related fields. RoboCup chose soccer as the main problem aiming at innovations to be applied for socially relevant problems. It includes several competition leagues, each one with a specific emphasis, some only at software level, others at both hardware and software, with single or multiple agents, cooperative and competitive. In the context of RoboCup, the Middle Size League (MSL) is one of the most challenging. In this league, each team is composed of up to 5 robots with a maximum size of 50cm× 50cm, 80cm height and a maximumweight of 40Kg, playing in a field of 18m× 12m. The rules of the game are similar to the official FIFA rules, with minor changes required to adapt them for the playing robots CAMBADA, Cooperative Autonomous Mobile roBots with Advanced Distributed Architecture, is the MSL Soccer team from the University of Aveiro. The project started in 2003, coordinated by the Transverse Activity on Intelligent Robotics group of the Institute of Electronic and Telematic Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA). This project involves people working on several areas for building the mechanical structure of the robot, its hardware architecture and controllers (Almeida et al., 2002; Azevedo et al., 2007) and the software development in areas such as image analysis and processing (Caleiro et al., 2007; Cunha et al., 2007; Martins et al., 2008; Neves et al., 2007; 2008), sensor and information fusion (Silva et al., 2008; 2009), reasoning and control (Lau et al., 2008), cooperative sensing approach based on a Real-Time Database (Almeida et al., 2004), communications among robots (Santos et al., 2009; 2007) and the development of an efficient basestation. The main contribution of this chapter is to present the new advances in the areas described above involving the development of an MSL team of soccer robots, taking the example of the CAMBADA team that won the RoboCup 2008 and attained the third place in the last edition of the MSL tournament at RoboCup 2009. CAMBADA also won the last three editions
The returns of business angel investments and their major determinants

This paper provides evidence on the performance of business angels’ investments, using a unique data-set covering a representative sample of the main actors in the Italian informal venture capital market. An econometric analysis examines the returns on business angels’ investments and their major determinants, making reference to an original set of independent variables. Whereas previous empirical studies have hypothesised linear relationships between the explanatory variables and the performance of informal venture capitalists’ investments, this work tests different functional forms, both linear and non-linear. The main findings are as follows: (1) the relationship between experience and internal rate of return (IRR) is U-shaped and significant; (2) the widely accepted expectation that investments with a short holding period earn a lower IRR is confirmed by quantitative data; (3) an original explanatory variable – rejection rate – is put into the model and its impact on business angels’ performance is positive, non-linear and significant; (4) the final overall econometric model shows relevant explanatory power, with an R-squared close to 35%. The outcomes of the empirical analysis performed in this study allow the identification of new and concrete insights into possible public policy interventions aimed at stimulating the informal venture capital industry and, therefore, entrepreneurship inside the economic system.
Family A G-Protein Coupled Receptors: an Overview of Structure-Function Relationships Laerte Oliveira*† Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo

Family A G-protein coupled receptors (AGPCRs) form the largest group of correlate receptors whose structure, a bundle of seven-trans-membrane (7 TM) helices, may be activated thus becoming able to transduce a signal from the extracellular medium to the cytosol. This activation may be constitutional, for instance due to permanent structural modifications, or be physiologically triggered by agonist binding at an external and accessible specific site. Based on the structures of agonists, AGPCRs may be divided according to pharmacological assays into many classes of receptors, each one comprising many types or sub-types of proteins, as differentiated by specific binding of inhibitors, all of them performing a multitude of functions. It is noteworthy that AGPCRs have been more recently cloned and their sequences of amino acids determined in a large scale, a condition that has allowed these receptors to be sorted by a new criterium. Sequence analyses have consistently matched functional assays for classification of AGPCRs except for a certain number of functionally unknown receptors which have been cataloged as orphan receptors. A colossal number of AGPCRs, more than 10,000 sequences belonging to more than 1,000 different types of receptors, may nowadays be multiply-aligned what has been enabling the determination of parameters of residue conservation and characterization of special motifs along the structure of these proteins. There are at the present time, high-resolution 3D structures for the following AGPCRs: inactive rhodopsin, retinal-free opsin, b- adrenoceptor and adenosine receptors. Among them, hodopsin structures are reliable enough to be used as prototypes for analyses of residue conservation and mechanisms of activation of receptors, specially at the level of the more conserved structure in the cytosolic half of their 7TM bundle
Fast Face Detection in One Line of Code

A memory-space and CPU-time e cient image classication algorithm is presented together with a faceoriented LBP transform. The algorithm can be e ciently implemented on modern computer hardware in as little as a single line of code and scales embarrassingly well to currently available parallel architectures. The classi er is applied to the problem of face detection.
Fuzzy Logic-based Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter Algorithm for GNSS Receivers

Designing robust carrier tracking algorithms that are operable in strident environmental conditions for global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) receivers is the discern task. Major contribution in weakening the GNSS signals are ionospheric scintillations. The effect of scintillation can be known by amplitude scintillation index S4 and phase scintillation index sf parameters. The proposed fuzzy logic based adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) method helps in modelling the signal amplitude and phase dynamically by Auto-Regressive Exogenous (ARX) analysis using Sugeno fuzzy logic inference system. The algorithm gave good performance evaluation for synthetic Cornell scintillation monitor (CSM) data and real-time strong scintillated PRN 12 L1 C/A data on October 24th, 2012 around 21:30 h, Brazil local time collected by GNSS software navigation receiver (GSNR’x). Fuzzy logic algorithm is implemented for selecting the ARX orders based on estimated amplitude and phase ionospheric scintillation observations. Fuzzy based AEKF algorithm has the capability to mitigate ionospheric scintillations under both geomagnetic quiet and disturbed conditions.
Structure Damage Identification Based on Regularized ARMA Time Series Model under Environmental Excitation

In this paper, a non-modal parametric method to identify structural damage using a regularized autoregressive moving average time series model under environmental excitation is proposed in combination with the virtual impulse response function. This method can use the structural vibration response to determine the damage caused to the structure during environmental excitation. Firstly, the virtual impulse response function is obtained by using the structural vibration response. Then, a regularized ARMA time series model is used to fit the virtual impulse response function. Based on the change of auto-regression coefficients in the regularization model under different damage cases, the structural damage is identified. The authors derive the regularization equation of an ARMA time series model to solve the problems in a time series model and obtain the regularization coefficient. Finally, this method is applied to a three-degrees-of-freedom chain structure and a three-floor shear structure of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The experimental results show that the method based on the regularized ARMA time series model under environmental excitation can effectively identify the structural damage, which is a reliable method for damage identification. The regularized ARMA time series model can accurately extract signal features and has invaluable application prospects in the field of structural health monitoring.
Experimental Results on Variable Structure Control for an Uncertain Robot Model

To reduce computational complexity and the necessity of utilizing highly nonlinear and strongly coupled dynamical models in designing robot manipulator controllers, one of the solutions is to employ robust control techniques that do not require an exact knowledge of the system. Among these control techniques, the sliding mode variable structure control (SM-VSC) is one that has been successfully applied to systems with uncertainties and strong coupling effects. The sliding mode principle is basically to drive the nonlinear plant operating point along or nearby the vicinity of the specified and user-chosen hyperplane where it ’slides’ until it reaches the origin, by means of certain high-frequency switching control law. Once the system reaches the hyperplane, its order is reduced since it depends only on the hyperplane dynamics. The existence of the sliding mode in a manifold is due to the discontinuous nature of the variable structure control which is switching between two distinctively different system structures. Such a system is characterized by an excellent performance, which includes insensitivity to parameter variations and a complete rejection of disturbances. However, since this switching could not be practically implemented with an infinite frequency as required for the ideal sliding mode, the discontinuity generates a chattering in the control, which may unfortunately excite high-frequency dynamics that are neglected in the model and thus might damage the actual physical system. In view of the above, the SM-VSC was restricted in practical applications until progresses in the electronics area and particularly in the switching devices in the nineteen seventies. Since then, the SM-VSC has reemerged with several advances for alleviating the undesirable chatter phenomenon. Among the main ideas is the approach based on the equivalent control component which is added to the discontinuous component (Utkin, 1992; Hamerlain et al, 1997). In fact, depending on the model parameters, the equivalent control corresponds to the SM existence condition. Second, the approach studied in (Slotine, 1986) consists of the allocation of a boundary layer around the switching hyperplane in which the discontinuous control is replaced by a continuous one. In (Harashima et al, 1986; Belhocine et al, 1998), the gain of the discontinuous component is replaced by a linear function of errors. In (Furuta et
Carrier dynamics in submonolayer InGaAs∕GaAs quantum dots

Carrier dynamics of submonolayer InGaAs∕GaAs quantum dots (QDs) were studied by microphotoluminecence (MPL), selectively excited photoluminescence (SEPL), and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL). MPL and SEPL show the coexistence of localized and delocalized states, and different local phonon modes. TRPL reveals shorter recombination lifetimes and longer capture times for the QDs with higher emission energy. This suggests that the smallest SML QDs are formed by perfectly vertically correlated two-dimensional InAs islands, having the highest In content and the lowest emission energy, while a slight deviation from the perfectly vertical correlation produces larger QDs with lower In content and higher emission energy.
FORMULATION, OPTIMIZATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOCOMPATIBLE INHALABLE D-CYCLOSERINE-LOADED ALGINATE-CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES FOR PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY

ABSTRACT Objective: To prepare Nanoparticulate dosage form having improved drug bioavailability and reduced dosing frequency of antitubercular drugs which will helps in improving patient compliance in the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Methods: Ionotropic gelation method was used to prepare D-cycloserine (D-CS)-loaded alginate-chitosan nanoparticles, and the particles are characterized by their particle size and morphology using particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) studies were used to determine drug-polymer interactions and drug entrapment. Entrapment efficiency, drug loading (DL), particle size, and zeta potential of nanoparticles were also studied. The 2 factorial designs of experiments by Design-Expert ® V9 were used to optimize the particle size and entrapment efficiency of nanoparticles. Results: The optimized batch had shown the entrapment efficiency of 98.10±0.24% and DL of 69.32±0.44% with particle size and zeta potential as 344±5 nm and −42±11.40 mV, respectively. DSC, FTIR, and XRD studies confirmed the drug entrapment within nanoparticle matrix. SEM results showed spherical-shaped particles. Sustained release of drug from the nanoparticles was observed for 24 hrs period. Respirable fraction up to 52.37±0.7% demonstrates the formulation suitability for deep lung delivery. Lung inflammatory study showed a less inflammatory response. Conclusion: Ionotropic gelation method can be used to prepare biocompatible particles with a high entrapment efficiency, DL, optimum particle size, and controlled release characteristics, which can serve as a convenient delivery system for D-CS and could be a potential alternative to the existing conventional therapy in MDR-TB. Keywords: Nanoparticles, Alginate, Chitosan, Inhalation, Sustained release, Tuberculosis. 3
Both Sides of CSR Practice : A Case from Oil and Gas Industry in Kazakhstan

Given article covers some special aspects of Corporate Social Responsibility in the oil and gas industry of Kazakhstan. The research deals with the analisys of activities of Kazakhstani multinational companies similarly to other transnational corporations of exploration and production industry in developing countries, which belongs to good or the darker side of the responsible acts. Recommendation demonstrating with a case study how to develop a better strategy for corporate social responsibility which helps leading Kazakh oil and gas joint venture company to avoid the possible occurrence of the CSR Dark side is presented in this article.
Therapeutic presence: Neurophysiological mechanisms mediating feeling safe in therapeutic relationships.

Therapeutic presence involves therapists using their whole self to be both fully engaged and receptively attuned in the moment, with and for the client, to promote effective therapy. In this paper, we present a biobehavioral explanation of how therapeutic presence can facilitate a sense of safety in both therapist and client, to deepen the therapeutic relationship and promote effective therapy. The polyvagal theory is used as a guide to explain how specific features of therapeutic presence trigger a neurophysiological state in both client and therapist within which both perceive and experience feelings of safety. The polyvagal theory proposes that a state of safety is mediated by neuroception, a neural process that may occur without awareness, which constantly evaluates risk and triggers adaptive physiological responses that respond to features of safety, danger, or life threat. According to the theory, when safety is communicated via expressed markers of social engagement (e.g., facial expressions, gestures, and prosodic vocalizations), defensiveness is down-regulated. Cultivating presence and engaging in present-centered relationships can therefore facilitate effective therapy by having both client and therapist enter a physiological state that supports feelings of safety, positive therapeutic relationships, and optimal conditions for growth and change.
Access to Short-Term Credit and Consumption Smoothing within the Paycycle

I study the effect of access to payday loans on the timing, level and composition of consumption. Using a newly obtained military administrative dataset of sales at on-base grocery and department stores, I examine how consumption behavior changes after the passage of a federal law that effectively bans military personnel from accessing payday loans in some states but not others. The military setting is ideal for this analysis because military personnel are assigned to locations across the United States with varying degrees of access to payday loans. Furthermore, since military personnel face varying known wait times between paycheck receipts throughout the year, I can examine daily consumption patterns in ways that were infeasible with previous datasets and surveys. I first present evidence that food expenditures spike on payday and are significantly lower at the end of a pay period; the fact that these patterns hold for perishable goods like produce indicates that food consumption is also not smooth, even over a two-week period. Then using a difference-in-difference framework, I find that payday loan access enables consumers to better smooth their consumption between paychecks, with no detectable effect on the level of food consumption. These patterns imply that payday loans enable liquidity-constrained individuals to smooth their consumption. However, I also find suggestive evidence that they lead to temptation purchases. Military personnel purchase more alcohol and electronics when given access to payday loans. Further evidence suggests that there may be significant heterogeneity in the population, with indications of present-biased preferences among some individuals and forward-looking, self controlled behavior among others.
Exploring CNN-RNN Architectures for Multilabel Classification of the Amazon

Despite the fact that most of the research into classification via deep learning has focused on single-label classification tasks, there are many important problems which require a set of labels to be output for each example. In this paper, we explore one such scenario, in which satellite images of the Amazon rainforest need to be tagged with labels describing the land use and atmospheric conditions. We focus on architectures which take a two-stage approach. First, we adapt a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture to encode the input image into a high-level representation. Then, a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) decoder produces a sequence of labels from this representation. Overall, we find that the CNN-RNN architectures perform well at this multi-label classification technique, although slightly worse than pre-trained CNN models on their own.
Measurement of beam-spin asymmetries for π+ electroproduction above the baryon resonance region

We report the first evidence for a nonzero beam-spin azimuthal asymmetry in the electroproduction of positive pions in the deep-inelastic kinematic region. Data for the reaction ep→e'pi(+)X have been obtained using a polarized electron beam of 4.3 GeV with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The amplitude of the sin phi modulation increases with the momentum of the pion relative to the virtual photon, z. In the range z=0.5-0.8 the average amplitude is 0.038+/-0.005+/-0.003 for a missing mass M-X gt 1.1 GeV and 0.037+/-0.007+/-0.004 for M-X gt 1.4 GeV