Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Passive characterization of hydrofracture properties using signals from the hydraulic pumps

Massive hydraulic fracturing is used to enhance production from the low-permeability diatomite fields of Kern County, CA. Although critical for designing injection and recovery well patterns, the in-situ hydraulic fracture geometry is poorly understood. In 1990, Shell conducted an extensive seismic monitoring experiment on several hydrofractures prior to a steam drive pilot to characterize hydrofracture geometry. The seismic data were recorded by cemented downhole geophone arrays Ž . in three observation holes MO-1, MO-2, and MO-3 located near the hydraulic fracture treatment wells. Using lowpass filtering and moveout analysis, events in the geophone recordings are identified as conical shear waves radiating from tube waves traveling down the treatment well. These events appear to be created by the hydraulic pumps, since their amplitudes are correlated with the injection rate and the wellhead pressure. Conical wave amplitudes are related to the tube wave attenuation in the treatment well and to wave-propagation characteristics of the shear component traveling in the earth. Ž During the main fracturing stage, geophones above the fracture zone for wells MO-1 and MO-2 both roughly along the . inferred vertical fracture plane exhibited conical-wave amplitude increases that are caused by shear wave reflectionrscattering off the top of a fracture zone. From changes in the reflection amplitude as a function of depth, we interpret that the fracture zone initially extends along a confined vertical plane at a depth that correlates with many of the microseismic events. Toward the end of the main fracturing stage, the fracture zone extends upward and also extends in width, although we cannot determine the dimensions of the fracture from the reflection amplitudes alone. For all wells, we observe that the Ž . reflection and what we infer to be the initial fracture begins during a time period where no marked change in fracture pressure or injection rate or slurry concentration is observed. As the main fracturing stage progressed, we observed a significant decrease in amplitude for geophones below the top of the fracture zone. The attenuation was most pronounced for Ž . wells MO-1 and MO-2 along the fracture plane . However, near the end of the main stage, well MO-3 also exhibited a significant amplitude decrease, suggesting the development of a fractured ‘‘process zone’’ around the main fracture plane. In addition, well MO-3 also exhibited an amplitude decrease in an interval well below the initial fracture zone. Both the ) Corresponding author. Tel. : q1-510-643-7820; fax: q1-510-643-7820. Ž . E-mail address: jwrector@lbl.gov J.W. Rector . 0920-4105r00r$ see front matter q 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Ž . PII: S0920-4105 00 00046-2 ( ) J.W. Rector et al.rJournal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 27 2000 49–58 50 Ž . interval and the direction toward MO-3 correspond with temperature log increases observed during later steam injection. q 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Cued visual selection in binocular rivalry

Using line arrays and the technique of cued visual selection (Nothdurft, 2017a; www.VPL-reports.de/6/) I measured the ability of observers to identify cued targets in binocular presentations. Experiment 1 was designed to measure target visibility and was partly performed on monocular and binocularly non-rivaling line patterns. Target detection was perfect even when cues and targets were presented in different eyes. With binocularly rivaling stimuli, subjects saw cued targets in the dominant eye better than targets in the non-dominant eye. In Experiments 2-4, the dynamics of binocular interactions were measured by cuing lines in rivaling patterns at various delays (up to 5 s after stimulus onset). In Experiment 2, the locally orthogonal lines had similar strength; in Experiment 3, they differed in contrast; and in Experiment 4, one pattern was presented 3 s in advance for adaptation. In all experiments, there were strong modulations of monocularly cued target detection rates during the initial 500-1000 ms after stimulus onset, when perceptual reversals are rare or absent; after that period detection rates settled and remained nearly constant although perceptual rivalry is supposed to be strong during that time. This suggests that alternating percepts in binocular rivalry are likely not based on variations in ocular sensitivity alone. Target ratings with binocular cues, in these periods, were largely predicted by averaging the ratings with monocular cues. In Experiment 5, cued target detection was related to the observers' momentary percepts. Subjects were asked to attend to a particular line, and cues were given at various delays after a perceived line reversal. In this condition, target detection was modulated between attended and non-attended target features and locations, providing evidence for both feature-based and spatial attention effects. In all five experiments, there was a notable asymmetry of target detection rates between the dominant and the nondominant eyes of observers. © Author
The Creative Journey of Grounded Theory Analysis: A Guide to its Principles and Applications

Grounded theory analysis is a method widely used by qualitative researchers. This method interprets empirical materials to formulate a theory about a particular social phenomenon. In this article, we describe the steps of grounded theory method, which comprises open coding of the material followed by the grouping of open codes into categories that are increasingly abstracted to capture the essential meaning of the phenomenon. This depiction is offered as a set of explicit guidelines for researchers interested in the method.
Effect of Sewage Sludge Urban Application on Concentration of Fe, Mn and Some Nutrient Element in Parsley

Sewage sludge application on agricultural land as an organic fertilizer the recycling of valuable components such as many plant nutrients. Sewage sludge is rich in macro and micronutrients. However, high concentrations of heavy metals in sludge may cause pollution of soil, groundwater and the human food chain because of toxic metal uptake by crops. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of sewage sludge application on concentration of iron and manganese in parsley. This study were carried out in a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications in greenhouse condition. The amounts of 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16% of the soil dry weight of the sewage sludge were added to the pots having soil of three areas (Baharan, Najvan and Shakrekord). Parsley seeds were planted in the pots and was harvested in five leaf stage. The sewage sludge application did not significantly affect soil pH, but EC was increased by 71-107% in 16% of sewage sludge in the three soils. Also, sewage sludge application significantly increased by 22-54 and 23-27% the concentrations of P and K in soils, respectively. In Shakrekord area, using the sewage sludge had a significant effect on concentration of Fe in parsley and increased by 27% in 16% of sewage sludge. In Najvan area, the application of sewage sludge (with the exception of 16% level) significantly increased by 5-17% the concentrations of Mn in parsley.
Environmental controls of frost cracking revealed through in situ acoustic emission measurements in steep bedrock

Frost cracking, the breakdown of rock by freezing, is one of the most important mechanical weathering processes acting on Earth's surface. Insights on the mechanisms driving frost cracking stem mainly from laboratory and theoretical studies. Transferring insights from such studies to natural conditions, involving jointed bedrock and heterogeneous thermal and hydrological properties, is a major challenge. We address this problem with simultaneous in situ measurements of acoustic emissions, used as proxy of rock damage, and rock temperature/moisture content. The 1 year data set acquired in an Alpine rock wall shows that (1) liquid water content has an important impact on freezing‐induced rock damage, (2) sustained freezing can yield much stronger damage than repeated freeze‐thaw cycling, and (3) that frost cracking occurs over the full range of temperatures measured extending from 0 down to −15°C. These new measurements yield a slightly different picture than previous field studies where ice segregation appears to play an important role.
Performance Comparison between Dollar Cost Averaging and Value Averaging Investment Strategies and the Impacts of Investment Horizon and Target Terminal Wealth

This study employs the techniques of Monte Carlo Simulation and Genetic Algorithms Based Optimization aimed at analyzing the impacts of investment horizon and target terminal wealth on the performance of the Dollar Cost Averaging (DCA) investment strategy in comparison with the Value Averaging (VA) investment strategy. According to the findings, with increased length of investment horizon and/or lowered target terminal wealth, the Value Averaging (VA) investment strategy will have better performance than the Dollar Cost Averaging investment strategy. The investment performance is evaluated with a variety of measures including Modified Sharpe Ratio, Modified Sortino Ratio, Shortfall Probability and Dominance Probability.
Can balance-of-payments constrained economies pursue inflation targeting? A look at the case of Chile

The economic performance of small economies is dtermined to a greater extent by the existing financial architecture. The current financial system is anchored on the United States dollar and countries that do not issue the reserve currency, especially small open economies, must be able to acquire, and indeed accumulate, the currency they cannot issue ti pay for their imports and to carry other type of real and financial transactions. As a result, contries domestic policies, and in particular those of small open economies are to a greater extent shaped and constrained by their external conditions and performance. In this sense they are said to be balance-of-payments constrained.
HyCube: A distributed hash table based on a hierarchical hypercube geometry

This paper presents a distributed hash table based on a hi- erarchical hypercube geometry. An approach employing a novel variable metric adopting the Steinhaus transform is presented. The use of this metric and the hierarchical hypercube geometry allow to reach very good performance of the network and a very high level of resilience to node fail- ures. The architecture of the distributed hash table, routing, and search algorithms are presented. The results of the simulations have been in- cluded in the paper and compared with existing solutions.
An Assessment of the Emerging Networks of Support for Street Children in Nigeria

Nigeria, being asignatory to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC, 1989) promulgated the Child Rights Act 2003, which aimed at ameliorating the condition of street children in Nigeria. In line with this, there are emerging networks of support for street children. The extent to which these support networks are fulfilling their mission mandates is not yet known. Hence, this paper attempts to bridge this gap by focusing on the available networks of support for these children, who were mainly on their own, and often left to face the horrors of street life without recourse to their significant others. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques were employed to collect primary data for the study. Study findings showed that Children ‘of’ the street enjoyed more supports from community members in Kaduna (56.6%) and Port Harcourt (59.0%) than in Lagos (19.0%). Although, few NGOs now work with the street children, their impacts are yet to be felt because of lack of requisite resources. The government through the Social Welfare Department also provides some assistance to street children; their programmes were not attractive enough to the children. On the whole, the children’s ranking of the ‘support providers’ shows that the support provided by the homeless adults on the street is most preferred (μ=3.26) while the government agencies were least on this ranking scale (μ=1.78). The study concluded that, despite the global shift from eradication of street children to providing support for them right on the streets, this paradigm shift has very weak roots in Nigeria. Hence, children ‘of’ the street are still socially excluded in Nigeria. This has serious implication for the future of the country since it could lead to the proliferation of street gangs who are often involved in various crimes and ready instruments of violence. Increase in the population of street children and possibly street gangs could become serious economic burden to the nation. It is therefore important to attract support to the children ‘of’ the street in order to reverse this problem.
Individual Vs Family Taxation: An Analysis Using Tabeita04

In this paper we analyze whether Italian families, and especially those with children, would benefit from a tax system defined on a family rather than an individual tax unit. This analysis is performed using TABEITA04, the tax-benefit microsimulation model developed at Econpubblica on a representative sample of 2004 Italian households.Results show that family with kids would, on average, lose from such a reform as they are better off with the actual individual tax system, which provides generous tax credits for family burdens. The simulated reform could also be extremely costly in terms of labor force participation of spouses: in our sample, over 80% of spouses are not working and nearly 40% of them would face an increased marginal tax rate if the family tax unit was introduced. Those benefiting the most would be couples without children where both spouses are working, who are not enjoying any tax credit in the current tax system.
Chronic Use of Adalimumab as Potential Cause of Severe Thrombocytopenia in Psoriatic Arthritis Patient: The Need for Regular Monitoring of Cytopenias

C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Pereira VC, Costa KH, de Oliveira LR (2016) Chronic Use of Adalimumab as Potential Cause of Severe Thrombocytopenia in Psoriatic Arthritis Patient: The Need for Regular Monitoring of Cytopenias. Int J Blood Res Disord 3:020 Received: March 24, 2016: Accepted: May 25, 2016: Published: May 28, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Pereira VC, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Pereira et al. Int J Blood Res Disord 2016, 3:020
Effect of the dietary level of cull pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) on ruminal fermentation, kinetics, and digestibility of hair lambs

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the effect of three levels of cull pinto beans (CPB; Phaseolus vulgaris) on ruminal fermentation, kinetics, and nutrient digestibility in hair lambs. Six cannulated lambs averaging 56.6±3.8 kg were used and were randomly assigned to one of three treatments. Treatments were: 0.0 kg kg−1 of CPB in the supplement (control); 0.25 kg kg−1 of CPB in the supplement (CB25); and 0.40 kg kg−1 of CPB in the supplement (CB40). Dry matter intake, ruminal pH, [. ]
Antecedents and Continuity of Compliance in Preschoolers

Self-regulation, and compliance behavior specifically, has been implicated in the development of successful socialization. Difficulty self-regulating has led to negative outcomes in areas such as academic success and mental health, and a number of possible contributors, such as temperament, maternal sensitivity and attachment, have been identified. In this study, we examined these possible predictors of preschool compliance behavior through causal modeling utilizing a large and diverse longitudinal dataset from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. We aimed to predict compliance and delay of gratification performance in children across 2, 3 and 4.5 years of age by looking at both lab and parent-report measurements. We found that compliance at 2 years of age was difficult to predict and path models including more than two time points did not fit well. Additionally, compliance lacked stability from 2 to 3 years of age. These findings suggest that stability of compliance and self-regulation behaviors may not occur until preschool or later. The findings also suggest that laboratory-based compliance may not be an optimal indicator of self-regulation but instead should be examined in conjunction with other measures in other contexts. PRESCHOOL COMPLIANCE v List of Tables Table 1. Measures included in analyses 40 Table 2. Maternal sensitivity across five time-points 41 Table 3. 24-month correlations across measures 42 Table 4. 36-month correlations across measures 43 Table 5. 54-month correlations across measures 43 PRESCHOOL COMPLIANCE vi
Covariation among Adolescent Problem Behaviors: What Does It Mean?.

Problem behaviors during adolescence can include substance use, low educational achievement, delinquent or conduct-disordered behavior, and indiscriminant, precocious, or risky sexual behavior. Despite the dissimilarities of these behaviors, some researchers believe that such actions share common underlying causes, which can be explained by the general-deviance models. This study seeks to replicate the higher-order . factor structure of problem behavior and the direct effect of sensation-seeking on that higher-order factor in a large, representative sample of black and white adolescents, aged 13 19 years. A random sample of 2,052 black and white adolescents were interviewed and four clusters of problem behaviors were assessed. Results indicate that a single higher-order factor was indeed shown to account for the bulk of the covariation among the first-order problem behaviors. Data also suggest that common causal explanations cannot fully account for the covariation among problem behaviors and a number of alternative explanations are explored. These exceptions notwithstanding, the general deviance model appears to provide an accurate explanation for the covariation among problem behaviors and such models offer important explanatory frameworks for understanding the etiology of problem behaviors. Four models are illustrated and data are displayed in two tables. (RJM) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** Covariation among adolescent 1 Covariation among adolescent problem behaviors: What does it mean?
Neuroimaging of the bilingual brain: evidence and research methodology

Given that nowadays more than half of the world’s population is bilingual, the study of the neural basis of bilingual language processing has become a relevant and founding topic in the recent field of neuropsycholinguistics. This article has two main aims: 1) to discuss some methodological aspects related to the development of neuroimaging studies on language processing in the bilingual brain, and 2) to review neuroimaging data on language processing considering individual factors which have characterized the literature in bilingualism so far, for their impact on language architecture in the bilingual brain. Several studies have provided data on the role of age of acquisition, proficiency level, chronological age, learning method and language use on language organization in the bilingual brain. The variety of methodological approaches used and the lack of control of the various factors that can influence bilingual language processing have made it hard to draw conclusions on language circuitry in bilinguals. This discussion intends to contribute for the debate on the theoretical and methodological bases of the neurofunctional organization of languages in the bilingual brain.
Influence of the Hall Term on KH Instability and Reconnection Inside KH Vortices

Abstract. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) in its nonlinear stage can develop small-scale filamentary field and current structures at the flank boundaries of the magnetosphere. It has been shown previously with MHD simulations that magnetic reconnection can occur inside these narrow current layers, resulting in plasma transport from the solar wind into the magnetosphere. During periods of northward IMF, this transport is sufficient to generate a cold, dense plasma sheet on time scales consistent with satellite observations. However, when the length scales of these narrow current layers approach the ion inertia scale, the MHD approximation is not valid anymore and the Hall term in the Ohm's law must be included. We will study the influence of the Hall term on the KHI with 2-D Hall-MHD simulations and compare our results with corresponding MHD simulations. We estimate plasma transport velocities of the order of ~1.5km/s, thus confirming the results of the MHD approximation. However, the fine structure and the growth rates differ from the MHD approximation in an interesting way. Key words. Magnetospheric physics (magnetopause, cusp and boundary layers; plasma waves and instabilities), Space plasma physics (transport processes; magnetic reconnection; numerical simulation studies; nonlinear phenomena; turbulence)
The relationship of Eysenck’s Giant Three with fluid and crystallized intelligence and learning potential among adolescents

El objetivo del estudio fue explorar la relacion de los Tres Gigantes de Eysenck con la inteligencia fluida y cristalizada y potencial de aprendizaje entre los adolescentes. Un total de 205 estudiantes del sexto grado (50,44% hombres), de cinco escuelas primarias participaron en la investigacion. El promedio de edad de los participantes fue de M = 12,56 (SD = 0,61). La inteligencia fluida fue medida por las Matrices Progresivas Estandar de Raven y por el Cattell's free-culture test, la inteligencia cristalizada fue medida mediante la Escala de Vocabulario Mill Hill, y potencial de aprendizaje se midio por la Evaluacion del Potencial de Aprendizaje, (EPA-2). Los rasgos de personalidad fueron medidos por el Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Los resultados obtenidos son consistentes con los hallazgos de otros estudios, en los cuales las correlaciones moderadas entre los rasgos de personalidad y la inteligencia han sido establecidas. Psicoticismo, extraversion y escala Lay estan relacionados con el fluido y medidas de inteligencia cristalizada. La correlacion entre los rasgos de la personalidad y el potencial de aprendizaje es menor en comparacion con las correlaciones entre rasgos de personalidad y la inteligencia fluida y la cristalizada. Los resultados obtenidos en nuestra investigacion estan, en parte, de acuerdo con el marco de dos niveles conceptuales de Chamorro-Premuzic y Furnham (2005), marco conceptual de dos niveles. Es decir, somos propensos a interpretar la extroversion como rasgo de personalidad que, salvo si es relacionado con el desempeno en la prueba de inteligencia, tiene un efecto a largo plazo en el desarrollo de la inteligencia, previo, a traves de la sociabilidad y la actividad