Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Dendritic Cell MHC II Peptidome Derives from a Variety of Processing Pathways and Includes Peptides with a Broad Spectrum of HLA-DM Sensitivity

The repertoire of peptides displayed in vivo by MHC II molecules derives from a wide spectrum of proteins produced by different cell types. While intracellular endosomal processing in dendritic cells and B cells has been characterized for few antigens the overall range of processing pathways responsible for generating the MHCII peptidome are currently unclear. To determine the contribution of non-endosomal processing pathways we eluted and sequenced over 3000 HLA-DR1-bound peptides presented in vivo by dendritic cells. Processing enzymes were identified by reference to a database of experimentally determined cleavage sites and experimentally validated for four epitopes derived from complement 3, collagen II thymosin b4 and gelsolin. We determined that self-antigens processed by tissue-specific proteases, including complement, matrix metalloproteases, caspases, and granzymes, and carried by lymph, contribute significantly to the MHC II self-peptidome presented by conventional dendritic cells in vivo. Additionally, presented peptides exhibited a wide spectrum of binding affinity and HLA-DM susceptibility. The results indicate that the HLA-DR1-restricted self-peptidome presented under physiological conditions derives from a variety of processing pathways. Non-endosomal processing enzymes add to the number of epitopes cleaved by cathepsins, altogether generating a wider peptide repertoire. Together with HLA-DM-dependent and HLA-DM-independent loading pathways, this ensures that a broad self-peptidome is presented by dendritic cells.
Kinetic modeling of an anaerobic fixed-bed reactor treating industrial wastewater containing hydrothermally solubilized sugarcane bagasse and post-treatment evaluation

Bioethanol has emerged as a major alternative and environment-friendly fuel to face with energy consumption increasing in recent decades. In bioethanol processing factories, new technologies using steam explosion pretreatments are developed to improve ethanol production from cellulose (e.g. sugarcane bagasse). However, wastewater from this step with high chemical oxygen demand (COD), high soluble total organic carbon (S-TOC), low pH, and dark brown color cause serious environmental problems. This research focused on the high-rate anaerobic wastewater treatment from bioethanol production using a fixed-bed reactor. A 10.8 L lab-scale reactor was continuously operated at 35°C for 160 d with a volumetric loading rate of 10.9 kg-COD/m3/d. A kinetic model based on a modification of anaerobic digestion model no. 1 and activated sludge models was used to reasonably simulate the methane production, soluble TOC, suspended solid as well as the soluble effluent constituents in terms of carbohydrate, protein, propionate, acetate, lignin, and ammonium nitrogen. The steady-state simulation results showed that 45% of COD was converted to methane with a high organic loading rate (9.72 kg-COD/m3/d). In addition, tests using physicochemical methods were conducted to remove un-biodegradable materials and color from the effluent. Oxidation, coagulation/flocculation, and adsorption removed 88% of soluble TOC and 98% of color.
Oman's Ability to Attract FDI: Dunning Instrument Survey Analysis

The purpose of this paper is to establish the extent to which Oman is capable of attracting more of the foreign direct investment (FDI) through dunning model instruments. The results of the analysis are determined using responses provided by the foreign companies concerning the features of Oman. Data used in the analysis were collected from 30 different foreign companies operating in Dhofar region of Oman using questionnaires. ANOVA test, Chi-square tests and Friedman's mean ranks were carried out to test the homogeneity and magnitude of the responses given by the respective companies. the findings of Effect size analysis indicate that Oman’s system structure, Policy framework, provision of facilities and ease of access are strongly contributing in attracting FDI. However, Oman needs to focus on the improvement of business friendly environment and compassionate policy formation in favor of investors.
Cash Flows Discounted Using a Model-Free SDF Extracted under a Yield Curve Prior

We developed a model-free Bayesian extraction procedure for the stochastic discount factor under a yield curve prior. Previous methods in the literature directly or indirectly use some particular parametric asset-pricing models such as with long-run risks or habits as the prior. Here, in contrast, we used no such model, but rather, we adopted a prior that enforces external information about the historically very low levels of U.S. short- and long-term interest rates. For clarity and simplicity, our data were annual time series. We used the extracted stochastic discount factor to determine the stripped cash flow risk premiums on a panel of industrial profits and consumption. Interestingly, the results align very closely with recent limited information (bounded rationality) models of the term structure of equity risk premiums, although nowhere did we use any theory on the discount factor other than its implied moment restrictions.
DNA DAMAGE AND CELLULAR RESPONSE ALONG AND AROUND THE BRAGG CURVE OF HEAVY IONS (DNA-BRAGG)

Institutions: 1 Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology (CCRCB), Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT7 9BL, UK 2 Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, 80126, Napoli, Italy 3 LNS-INFN, Via S. Sofia, Catania, Italy 4 Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica, Via Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Novel emerging therapies of Osteoporosis- Review

Osteoporosis is one of major health problem. It is associated with low bone density and pore formation in the bones. Mainly osteoporosis is caused due to age, sex or deficiency of Estrogen after menopause. Secondary causes may be hyperparathyroidism or intense use of glucocorticoids. pathophysiology of the disease involves increase in bone resorption by osteoclasts and decreased new bone formation by osteoblasts. Pharmacological treatments to osteoporosis involves bisphosphonates, RANKL inhibitors, SERM. Novel therapies for osteoporosis include cathepsin K inhibitor, sclerostin inhibitors, PTH related peptides. Herbal treatments include use of Ashwagandha, Turmeric, Krishna jeera, Asthishrunkala, pomegranate etc.
How Does Appreciative Leadership and Organisational Climate Affect Organisational Citizenship Behaviour in Higher Education Institutions?

Environmental changes require organisations to survive and improve their performance. Employees must embrace their role in their organisation and feel embraced by it. This may be in the form of formal rewards or at a level beyond formal organisational rewards through an excellent attitude better known as Organisational Citizenship Behaviour. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of appreciative leadership and organisational climate on organisational citizenship behaviour in higher education institutions. This study used a quantitative approach and data was collected using questionnaires. The total samples in this study included 245 employees in a medical education institution at Universitas Indonesia. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Smart-PLS was used to test the hypothesis. The results show that Appreciative Leadership influences Organisational Climate and Organisational Climate influences Organisational Citizenship Behaviour. Conversely, appreciative Leadership does not influence Organisational Citizenship Behaviour. To influence organisation citizenship behaviour, appreciative leadership needs organisation climate as a moderator variable.
Advancements and Use of OMIC Technologies in the Field of Bioleaching: A Review

Bioleaching is an environmentally safe as well as economically feasible alternative to the conventional process of metal extraction from low-grade ores. It involves the recovery of metals through microbial oxidation of metallic and/or sulfuric compounds. Wide varieties of acidophilic microbes present in the mining sites, which are necessary to decrease the pH, eventually contribute to the biomining efficiency. Ongoing development and recent advanced techniques will ensure that the implementation of genetic engineering might improve the extraction rate within less time period. The use of OMIC (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc.) techniques in bioleaching is gaining interest worldwide. In the last decade, a number of studies have been carried out for the determination of bioleaching diversity, development of conceptual and functional metabolic models, analysis of microbe-mineral interaction, etc. by using various OMIC technologies. These technologies are used to improve the understanding of various microbial activities during the bioleaching process, which helps in the development of industrial-scale bioleaching process.
TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION OF R-134a THROUGH ALUMINUM AND PTFE EXPANSION VALVE ON AUTOMOTIVE AIR CONDITIONING APPLICATIONS

Generally, parameters for measuring the performance of air conditioning system is COP. In a thermodynamic analysis of air conditioning system, the losses that occur in the expansion valve is not considerable. In reality, the ice formation layer phenomenon is formed around the expansion valve during air conditioning system operation. Therefore, this paper presents a study of PTFE as expansion valve materials to reduce heat loss. The temperature distribution of R134a refrigerant before and after the expansion valve was observed to determine its effect in comparison with expansion valve made of aluminum alloy. The AC system used in this study is a car air conditioning system that is removed from the car and driven by an electric motor. From the test results with the same refrigerant mass flow, the expansion valve made of PTFE generates potential heat absorption greater than the expansion valve made of aluminum. In conclusion, PTFE is promising to be developed as an expansion valve on car air conditioning system applications.
Determining the Accelerating Expansion of the Universe by Observing Type Ia Supernovae

We study the accelerating expansion of the Universe by observing Type Ia supernovae, which happens when a white dwarf becomes unstable after its mass exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit. We start by showing theoretically how to measure the acceleration of the Universe expansion. We present the mechanism of Type Ia supernovae and explain why we choose to use them in measuring the acceleration. We also introduce the charge-coupled devices, which help us to detect enough high-redshift Type Ia supernovae. Finally, we present the experimental results and show that the Universe expansion is accelerating.
Beyond design for manufacture: Design Innovation Framework for Manufacturing Companies in the UK

One of the main uses of design is the design of manufactured products. However, other uses of design are evident in many successful businesses which use design across the company in various forms to enhance innovativeness and increase competitiveness in the global market. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of potential design-driven benefits and key design innovation goals, using a framework with which manufacturing companies and/or supporting organisations can identify, to prioritise and work towards systematically improving innovativeness.
FUN WITH OPERATOR ALGEBRAS

In this note, we give two little amusing results and some questions on operator algebras. First, we expose an elementary suffisiant condition on index of subfactor to have no nontrivial intermediate subfactor (called maximal subfactor). Then, we build a non-hyperfinite type III factor from an action of the free group on the circle. Finally we give some questions and remarks on the conditional expectation.
A Fuzzy, Incremental, Hierachical Approach of Clustering Huge Collections of Web Documents

— Since every day millions of posts are published inside the blogosphere a huge collection of web documents develops. Clustering this ever-changing collection is a very time consuming task. Therefore some certain challenges has to be accomplished because a clustering cannot be executed from scratch all the time. The presented fuzzy, incremental and hierarchical clustering algorithm tries to succeed these challenges with both, clustering terms and documents in a meaningful way and keep them up-to-date all the time. Furthermore we take a critical look at the performance, which is crucial on such a live data collection.
Kinetic theory in curved spacetimes: Applications to black holes

— The equilibrium statistical moments of the Jüttner distribution function for a massive and a photon gas in an arbitrary spacetime are evaluated using a covariant approach and applications are considered to the case of a Schwarzschild black hole background spacetime. The motion of a massive test particle inside a photon gas is then studied to investigate drag effects on the particle motion due to radiation scattering, similarly to what happens for the so-called Poynting-Robertson effect.
FREE RADICAL ACTIVITY IN PATHOGENESIS OF BRAIN TUMORS

Aim . Analysis of free radical activity of neoplastic tissue and blood in malignant and benign neoplasms of the brain. Materials and Methods . Study of free radical activity includ-ed quantitative detection by a method of induced biochemiluminescence on the biochemiluminometer БХЛ-07, coupled with IBM computer. Statistical processing of the data was carried out using Biostat 4.3 program. The subject of the study was blood and postoperative material of brain neoplasms of 12 patients with malignant brain tumors (glioma, glioblastoma, astrocytoma), and of 7 patients with benign brain tumors (meningi-oma, subependymoma) taken before treatment. For control the brain tissue of individuals was used who died in result of trauma, and blood of 10 healthy people. As a model of hypoxia, the brain tissue of 7 individuals was studied who died from cardiovascular insuffi-ciency. Results. Free radical activity was significantly higher in tissues of malignant and benign neoplasms of the brain in comparison with control group. However, the level of free radicals in tissue of malignant tumors was much higher (4.2 times that of control) than of benign tumors – 2.5 times that of control. Free radical activity of blood plasma in case of malignant neoplasms of the brain was 15 times that in practically healthy individuals and 2.5 times that in case of benign tumors. An interesting result of the study was the fact that free radical activity of brain tissue in people who died from cardiovascular failure and who had chronic brain hypoxia was significantly higher than in those who died from trauma. Conclusion . Determination of free radical activity of blood can be used for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant brain tumors.
Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability of Nanocrystalline NbMoTaW Refractory High Entropy Alloy Thin Films

The paper aims to research morphology, structure, mechanical property, thermal stability and potential application values of high entropy alloy thin films (HEAFs). Nanocrystalline NbMoTaW refractory high entropy alloy thin films (HEAFs) with a series of film thicknesses were selected to be fabricated by direct current magnetron sputtering. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Atomic force microscope (AFM) were used to observe the surface morphologies. The energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiment were carried out to identify the composition and phase structure separately. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) was performed to observe the internal features. Nanoindentation and vacuum annealing instrument were conducted to detect the mechanical properties and thermal stabilities respectively. HEAFs were single BCC structure. The surface morphologies and the grain sizes varied with film thicknesses. The hardness decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of the film thickness. The maximum hardness (16.0 GPa) occurred to the 250 nm-thick HEAF. After vacuum heat treatment at 800 °C for 2 h, the grain size and the hardness of NbMoTaW HEAFs remained almost unchanged, indicating excellent thermal stability. Nanocystalline NbMoTaW refractory HEAFs of good thermal stability are fabricated successfully. In addition, the grain sizes were adjusted by varying film thicknesses to study the relationship between structure and properties of HEAFs.
MICRONUTRIENT CONCENTRATION AND CONTENT IN PASSION FRUIT LEAVES UNDER SAMPLING METHODS AND N-K FERTILIZATION RATES

Balanced uptake of micronutrients by the passion fruit plant is essential for increased production and fruit quality. However, similar fertilizer management in varieties with different productive capacities and high levels of nitrogen and potassium can cause nutritional disorders in plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate leaf micronutrient concentrations and contents in passion fruit as affected by two different sampling methods, different N-K fertilization proportions, and different cultivars. The study was conducted in a randomized block design, with three replications, following a 4 × 6 factorial arrangement consisting of four cultivars of yellow passion fruit (BRS Gigante Amarelo, IAC 275, BRS Ouro Vermelho, and BRS Sol do Cerrado) and six application rates ofN-K2O fertilizer (0-0, 50-125, 100-250, 150-375, 200-500, and 250-625 kg ha-1 year-1). Two leaf sampling methods (leaf located at a position adjacent to the fruit, and leaf located at the end of the fruit-bearing branch) were adopted for nutritional assessment. At 240 days after planting passion fruit seedlings in the experimental area, 20 leaves per plot were sampled. Higher accumulated micronutrient contents were obtained in the adjacent leaves, possibly because of greater leaf weight (more fully developed leaf) compared to the standard leaf. The cultivar IAC 275 had lower concentration and content of Cu, Fe, e Mn in the adjacent leaf, indicating variations in the levels of micronutrients among the cultivars and different micronutrient demands by the cultivars studied. N and K fertilization had less effect on leaf micronutrient concentration and content, but the Zn concentration and content decreased in the standard leaf of the BRS Gigante Amarelo cultivar, and Cu decreased in the standard leaf of the BRS Ouro Vermelho cultivar.
Latency and Mobility–Aware Service Function Chain Placement in 5G Networks

5G networks are expected to support numerous novel services and applications with versatile quality of service (QoS) requirements such as high data rates and low end-to-end (E2E) latency. It is widely agreed that E2E latency can be reduced by moving the computational capability closer to the network edge. The limited amount of computational resources of the edge nodes, however, poses the challenge of efficiently utilizing these resources while, at the same time, satisfying QoS requirements. In this work, we employ mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) techniques to formulate and solve a joint user association, service function chain (SFC) placement, where SFCs are composed of virtualized service functions (VSFs), and resource allocation problem in 5G networks composed of decentralized units (DUs), centralized units (CUs), and a core network (5GC). Specifically, we compare four approaches to solving the problem. The first two approaches minimize, respectively, the E2E latency experienced by users and the service provisioning cost. The other two instead aim at minimizing VSF migrations along with their impact on users’ quality of experience with the last one minimizing also the number of inter-CU handovers. We then propose a heuristic to address the scalability issue of the MILP-based solutions. Simulations results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed heuristic algorithm.
Termodynamics and kinetics for the evolution of non-metallic inclusions in pipeline steel

INTRODUCTION The composition, size, number, and distribution of inclusions in linepipe steels have a huge influence on the performance the linepipe steels. [1, 2] The solid inclusions may cause the clogging of the submerged entry nozzle. [3-5] The indeformable inclusions in linepipe steels can lead to the hydrogen induced cracking. [6-8] The control of inclusions is the key task of the steelmakers. There have been a large number of studies on the control of inclusions by lab experiments and plante trials. [9] Traditionally, it is suggested that inclusions in linepipe steels should be modified to liquind calcium aluminates at steelmaking temperature. [10, 11] Meanwhile, the modification machnism of the Al2O3 inclusions in Al-killed steel was widely investigated. It is found that the Al2O3 inclusions were directly reduced by dissolved calcium or indirectly reduced via CaO formed from [Ca] and [O]. Inversely, it is also reported that CaS phase in inclusions are transiently formed immediately after the calcium addition, then decreases and disappears. [12-16] However, it is found that the fully liquid CaO-Al2O3 are in large size and easier to be rolled to stringer shaped inclusions. [17] Thus, to avoid the formation of the liquid CaO-Al2O3 inclusions, it is proposed that adding the insufficient or superfluous calcium can modify inclusions to partially liquid CaO-Al2O3 inclusions, which can hardly lead to the nozzle clogging and the formation of the hydrogen induced cracking. To achieve the better controlling of inclusion composition after the reaction equilibium, many efforts has been carried out to predict the deoxidation and inclusion formation in liquid pure iron by thermodynamic calculation.The deoxidation equilibrium relationship by single deoxidizer could be maturely predicted by thermodynamic calculation, such as Al-O[18, 19], Mg-O[20], Ca-O[21, 22], etc. The thermodynamic data of alloy elements in the molten steel were summarized and suggested by JSPS. [23] To predict the formation of complex inclusions such as Mg-Al-O, Al-Ti-O, Al-Ca-O, Al-Si-O, Mg-AlCa-O, etc., the experimets and thermodynamic calculation for the pure iron with the addition of multi-deoxidizers have been conducted. [24-29] Especially, the application of thermodynamic databases was introduced to steelmaking process[30, 31], Termodynamics and kinetics for the evolution of non-metallic inclusions in pipeline steel