Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Behavioral Biometrics for Continuous Authentication

Smartphones, tablets, laptops and PCs have brought across the revolution of always on, always connected. They have become ubiquitous in our lives. Smartphones and tablets combine and extend the functionality of feature phones and desktop computers. They give us an opportunity to play, work and socialize whenever and wherever we want. It has now become a standard and an everyday gadget. We use it for everything and thus it has the most private and sensitive information. It has become susceptible to a lot of privacy issues if it reaches the hand of an outsider. There exist a potential risks if our mobile phones get stolen or are ceased by an intruder. Mostly these devices have a one-step authentication process which consists of the initial login i.e. input of ID and password by the user to gain total access. But this doesn't take into consideration the situation of who accesses the device after the initial login. The detection of a fraudulent access isn't taken into consideration. To deal with this problem, continuous authentication is becoming quite popular in which the user is continuously monitored after the initial login authentication process is completed. This paper highlights the various continuous authentication methods which can be used to monitor our devices and analyze the current research, proposed framework and mechanisms that can be implemented or have already been implemented.
Robust Speech Coding Algorithm

Speech communication in Electronic Warfare (EW) environment should be resistant to interception, masquerade and tolerant to communication channel errors. <br><br>In this paper, we described an algorithm which provides speech compression, strong encryption, error tolerance and speaker authentication features. This Robust Speech Coder (RSC) is backward compatible with the existing codecs with capability to opt for additional features as and when required.
A Hi-Bi Ultra-Sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance Fiber Sensor

In this paper, a simple, miniature, and highly sensitive photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is proposed. The target analyte and the plasmonic material are at the outer surface of the fiber making practical applications feasible. A 30-nm gold (Au) layer supports surface plasmons. A thin titanium dioxide (TiO2) layer is used to assist adhesion of Au on the glass fiber. The fiber cross section is formed purely by circular-shaped holes simplifying the preform manufacturing process. A high-birefringence (hi-bi) fiber is obtained by means of an array of air holes at the center of the fiber. A finite element method (FEM) is employed to analyze the surface plasmon properties of the proposed PCF-SPR sensor. By optimizing the geometric parameters, a maximum wavelength sensitivity (WS) of 25 000 nm/RIU and an amplitude sensitivity (AS) of 1411 RIU−1 for a dielectric refractive index (RI) range of 1.33–1.38 are obtained. Moreover, an estimated maximum resolution of $4 \times 10^{-6}$ and a figure of merit (FOM) of 502 are obtained that ensures high detection accuracy of small refractive index (RI) changes. Owing to its sensitivity and simple architecture, the proposed sensor has potential application in a range of sensing application, including biosensing.
A Demand Side Management Algorithm with Revision of Energy Usage Blocks for Residential Customers of Dhaka City

The traditional grid system is evolving towards smart grid at a rapid rate. All possible measures are being taken in order to reduce the energy usage in residential, commercial & industrial feeders. Peak demand of the residential users of Dhaka city is growing rapidly over the last few years and it is mostly due to the extensive usage of heavy loads such as air conditioner, washing machines, electric cooker, room heater, geyser etc. This paper proposes a revision of the present residential tariff scheme of utility, which encourages the customers to shift their heavy loads to off peak hours. Results show that the proposed scheme successfully lowers the customer bills without burdening the low energy consumers.
Loss Minimization in a Radial Distribution System with DG Placement Using Jaya Optimization Technique

This paper presents loss minimization analysis with the help of most commonly used DG technology with a contribution towards improving the power efficiency and voltage profile of the distribution system. The test system is understudied with single DG as well as multi DG penetration. The optimum DG size and location are determined using Jaya optimization technique. Load Impedance Matrix (LIM) method has been implemented for the distribution system power flow analysis. The load flow and optimization algorithms are applied to the standard IEEE 28 bus radial test distribution system and performance analysis has been evaluated.
Wireless personal communications using CATV distribution networks

Existing cable television (CATV) networks are proposed as a means to interconnect wireless terminals to terrestrial networks and services. Discrete antennae, each controlled by a remote antenna driver (RAD), are separated by 250 m along a cable to provide wireless access. RADs are controlled by a remote antenna signal processor (RASP), and transceive as a group on any active channel. Simulcast interference caused by transmissions involving RADs is analyzed. It is determined that communication is feasible, even in the simulcast interference zone. Some considerations involving communications through walls or around obstructions are included. <<ETX>>
Automated Derivation of Application-Aware Error and Attack Detectors

As computer systems become more and more complex, it becomes harder to ensure that they are dependable i.e. reliable and secure. Existing dependability techniques do not take into account the characteristics of the application and hence detect errors that may not manifest in the application. This results in wasteful detections and high overheads. In contrast to these techniques, this dissertation proposes a novel paradigm called “Application-Aware Dependability”, which leverages application properties to provide low-overhead, targeted detection of errors and attacks that impact the application. The dissertation focuses on derivation, validation and implementation of application-aware error and attack detectors. The key insight in this dissertation is that certain data in the program is more important than other data from a reliability or security point of view (we call this the critical data). Protecting only the critical data provides significant performance improvements while achieving high detection coverage. The technique derives error and attack detectors to detect corruptions of critical data at runtime using a combination of static and dynamic approaches. The derived detectors are validated using both experimental approaches and formal verification. The experimental approaches validate the detectors using random fault-injection and known security attacks. The formal approach considers the effect of all possible errors and attacks according to a given fault or threat model and finds the corner cases that escape detection. The detectors have also been implemented in reconfigurable hardware in the context of the Reliability and Security Engine (RSE) [1].
Which Programming Language and Platform Developers Prefer for the Development? A Study Using Stack Overflow

Stack Overflow is the most popular Q&A website which is used by developers and programmers for many developments and programming purposes. Stack Overflow commits occur based on various types of programming languages. But among all the languages which are more reliable and helpful for programmers is a burning question. We researched over Stack Overflow commits and reached in a conclusion. Our main target was to analyze over Stack Overflow commits and to give a result which can raise the confidence level of a programmer. In this research, we will show which language and platform are better for developers and programmers. We used 1139 Stack Overflow related commits, analyzed them and came to an end that in “JavaScript” language programmers involve most and in “Java”, response time is less than other languages. We also found that in “Python”, programmers have a large probability to get an answer. We also analyzed different platforms in Stack Overflow and found that “Web Design” is the most helpful platform among all the platforms. From our research developers and programmers can now understand which platform and language they should choose.
5G: An overview of Channels characteristics and modelling techniques

Beyond 2020, the era will belong to new and better communication systems named Fifth Generation of communication (5G) systems. To fulfil the service demands and to overcome the technologicalchallenges regarding 5G communication systems, some common standards specifying networks speeds up-to 10 Gbps, greater cell edge rate nearly 90–110 Mbps and latency below 1ms are selected by various telecommunication industries. These standards can be obtained, if the spectrum bands in the range of 100 GHz are explored by the industries, because wider bandwidth channels are available there. In these bands, 5G systems can be employed, if we found accurate radio propagation models. But current channel models for bands below 6 GHz are unable to adderess these. An overview of channel models and 5G channel characteristics for bands up to 100 GHz are given this article. The paper summarizes the major outcomes and observations of previous publications and experiments like ray tracing, done by various academic organisations and industries.
An Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of the P2P Lending Investment Behavior of Chinese College Students

P2P lending investment behavior of college students is affected by many factors. According to the purpose of the survey, the characteristics of the students and the characteristics of the P2P lending industry, this paper uses the data collected by questionnaires as the original data and refines the main influencing factors of P2P lending investment behavior of college students, then this paper builds the behavioral influence factor model of P2P lending investment of college students , and uses structural equations to do the fitting analysis of model and survey data and tests the hypothesis. According to the result of empirical research: Perceived Value, Performance Expectancy and Effort Expectancy can significantly affect Investment Intentions; Performance Expectancy, Investment Intentions and Perceived Risks can significantly affect investment behavior; the influence of Society Influence on Investment Intentions are not obvious.
On Network Flow Maximization via Multihop Backhauling and UAVs: An Integer Programming Approach

Although small cells (SC) densification approach plays a prominent role in achieving the data rate and coverage requirements in 5G networks, it poses serious challenges concerning the flexible and cost efficient backhauling solutions. The traditional terrestrial backhauling hubs are subject to limited line of sight probabilities in such dense networks. Having this challenge in hand, and recognizing the increasing interest in the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) enabled communication systems, we address the problem of wireless multihop backhauling of SCs using UAV hubs. We present two linear optimization programs that optimize the SC-UAV association and the SC-SC formation in order to maximize the total backhaul flow. Some practical constraints are considered, such as backhaul reliability, association criteria, SC relaying capacity and the number of available links at each SC. Numerical simulations show that the approach allowing partial demand fulfillment of the SCs outperforms the binary one in terms of accumulated rate and the percentage of associated SCs, even at low number of maximum hops and links allowed.
Security Improvements for IoT Data Acquisition Process

The SmartCity/SmartEnviroment applications are developing at the same time as the digital intelligence, creating new solutions for the people needs. The SmartCity/SmartEnvironment solutions are based on IoT applications but they focus on making a stronger link between human and technology. The complete integration of these applications means, that a large amount of data will be transported from all human's activity domains. This process has to be done in a secure way, in order to not determine humans/institutions properties violations. Thus, security has a big impact on the data acquisition process. This document presents an improved version of Zigbee protocol, in terms of security, and will also focus on finding the trade-off the user has to take into account when applying security on it.
Vehicle-to-Cloudlet: Game-Based Computation Demand Response for Mobile Edge Computing through Vehicles

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) is a novel platform to bring computation resources close to local users in vicinity constrained, obtaining the nickname of Cloudlet on the edge of the network. However, due to users' behaviors, computation resources demands show spatial and temporal dynamics among different Cloudlets, which is hardly to achieve on-demand computation workload balance management. While vehicles, unique for their mobility and powerful on- board equipments, could act as computation resources transporters breaking geographically restriction, which have potential to balance computation demands in the city. To address the issue above, in this paper, we design a novel computation demand response management (DRM) mechanism called Vehicle-to-Cloudlet (V2C), considering the mobility of vehicles, computation states of vehicles, and computation demands of Cloudlets. There exists two phases in V2C mechanism: cognitive phase and game phase, respectively. In cognitive phase, which Cloudlets are computation-scarce and which vehicles are potential computation resources can be cognized. Then, in game phase, to simulate computation resources trading process among Cloudlet service provider and individual vehicles, we formulate a price-based two-stage Stackelberg game, jointly maximizing the utility of the Cloudlet and the individual utility of each vehicles. We prove that unique Nash Equilibrium (NE) and Stackelberg Equilibrium (SE) exist in this game and propose a gradient iterative algorithm to obtain the optimal solution. Finally, numerical simulations show that our solution has good scalability and also encourages vehicles to trade their own computation resources to the Cloudlet.
An integrated CMOS 0.15 ns digital timing generator for TDC's and clock distribution systems

This paper describes the architecture and performance of a new high resolution timing generator used as a building block for Time to Digital Converters (TDC) and clock alignment functions. The timing generator is implemented as an array of delay locked loops. This architecture enables a timing generator with sub-gate delay resolution to be implemented in a standard digital CMOS process. The TDC function is implemented by storing the state of the timing generator signals in an asynchronous pipeline buffer when a hit signal is asserted. The clock alignment function is obtained by selecting one of the timing generator signals as an output clock. The proposed timing generator has been mapped into a 1.0 /spl mu/m CMOS process and a RMS error of the time taps of 48 ps has been measured with a bin size 0.15 ns. Used as a TDC device a RMS error of 76 ps has been obtained. A short overview of the basic principles of major TDC and timing generator architectures is given to compare the merits of the proposed scheme to other alternatives. <<ETX>>
Generating Patterns from Pizza Ontology using Protégé and Weka Tool

At present, the Web is HTML-based, and thus the Information retrieval methodologies and techniques are not able to efficiently process information on web restricting to keyword searches only manually and often ends up resulting in irrelevant information. To overcome this limitation, Sir Tim Berner’s Lee proposed a new concept of web architecture, called Semantic Web, which is an intelligent as well as meaningful web. In this, Ontology has a vital role. Ontology helps in exchanging information, using and re-using knowledge and defines vocabulary with which assertions and queries are exchanged among persons who are working in the same fields or domains. Ontology development is a very wide domain consisting of various activities, challenges and its own issues. There are various tools for this. In this paper, we will discuss the creation of Pizza Ontology with the help of Protégé 4.3. 0 editor and it has been represented further, how it can be utilized for knowledge representation using data mining tool like weka.
Enhanced CSI Acquisition Scheme for NR TDD Systems with Partial Channel Reciprocity

In 5G new radio (NR), time division duplex (TDD) is more preferred to massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO) systems. Perfect channel state information (CSI) per user in TDD systems can greatly extract the huge potential spatial multiplex gain of mMIMO. For reducing terminalâ€™s cost while keeping downlink performance, asymmetric antenna configuration is used in the terminal side. It breaks the channel reciprocity and brings more challenges on CSI acquisition in TDD systems. In this paper, one enhanced CSI acquisition scheme is proposed. According to user side antenna configuration, the whole channel can be partitioned into two sub-channel, the first one with full channel reciprocity, and the second one has no channel reciprocity. For sub-channel with ideal reciprocity, traditional approaches are used to help TRP getting this part CSI. For sub-channel with no reciprocity, user-specific adaptive codebook is developed based on the first sub- channel information, and the new codebook is used for this part sub-channel quantization and recovering at UE side and TRP side, respectively. Exploiting partial channel reciprocity and adoptive codebook technologies jointly, accurate CSI can be acquired at TRP. Numerical simulation results show that the new designed solution can achieve near upper bound performance in NR TDD mMIMO systems with low uplink overhead.
Capturing situational awareness in combat simulations

Military situational awareness results from the synthesis of battlefield data into human understanding. It is formed through the bonding of information, training, experience and the personality of the commander. Computers can readily gather information, training can be assumed, but experience and personality are major challenges for the combat modeler. The Battlefield Knowledge Index (BKT) is one approach under investigation at the US Military Academy to measure situational awareness in Army simulations.
Real-Time Disease Forecasting using Climatic Factors: Supervised Analytical Methodology

Weather being an uncontrollable factor, often has direct effects on human mortality rates, physical health, mental injury and other health outcomes. Extreme climate incidences and gradual changes in weather are making us more vulnerable to disease outbreaks. In general, there are three ways by which variation in climate affects such diseases: by affecting the virus, the vector or host and spread of a disease. According to 1996 World health organization (WHO) report, 30 new diseases have come into existence in the past 20 years. Additionally, there has been a re-emergence and redistribution of various arthropod-borne diseases such as dengue, malaria etc. on a global scale. Events like rainfall, humidity, temperature etc. have well-defined role in the transference cycle. Any changes in these events can lead to increase in incidence of these diseases.The worldwide pandemic about abroviral diseases demands the need for developing early warning system (EWS) for infectious diseases by considering climate change. Past studies incorporates only the historical weather statistics into account. However because of increasing uncertainty and climate variability, the traditional systems in this context are getting outstripped. In this paper, we’ll propose our methodology for predicting number of dengue cases that are likely to occur in real time on the basis of five-day weather forecast. Our analysis is applicable globally and enables comprehensive scenarios of daily disease outbreaks to be explored using real-time weather API, preparing society against any health related risks arising due to variability in climate.
Detection of Suspicious Connections on Android Mobile Devices

Mobile devices are vulnerable to becoming part of botnet operations just as any other computing device. Attackers use domain generation algorithms to increase their chance of controlling a mobile device. In order to harden a user's defense against such an attack, this paper proposes a method for inspecting outgoing connections. By inspecting DNS packets that are transferred between the mobile device and the Internet, domain names are extracted and classified as legit or suspicious based on specific lexical features inspired from existing literature. Packet inspection is done without superuser privilege and with minimal user interaction. The solution displays the connections established by a mobile devices with and without the user's consent. Performance analysis on the packet inspection process was done to understand and visualize the CPU and memory usage together with the impact on user experience.
Hardware-in-loop Control of a Standalone Microgrid

Microgrids are instrumental for renewable energy integration, owing to their distributed nature and disposition towards self-sufficiency. A standalone microgrid with photovoltaic panels, battery energy storage and diesel generator is designed, and corresponding implementation of control technique is presented in this paper. The transition between the available sources while holding the microgrid parameters within permissible limits are also discussed in detail. The models are constructed in Piecewise Linear Electrical Circuit Simulation (PLECS) environment and hardware in the loop control is correspondingly executed. The models are run in real-time using PLECS RT box for validation of the control strategy. The main objective of the microgrid so formed is to utilize the renewable source to the maximum, while providing uninterrupted power supply to the critical loads. Only when both photovoltaic source and the battery are unable to meet the critical load demand, the diesel generator gets used. Also, the non-critical loads are connected to the grid only when the generation from the photovoltaic source is able to meet the combined demand of critical and non-critical loads.
Performance of Battery-Based Surveillance Monitor with Wireless Energy Harvesting

In this paper, we consider a new scenario where an energy- harvesting full-duplex battery-powered legitimate monitor (LM) monitors communication between a suspicious transmitter (ST) and a suspicious receiver (SR). We assume that the LM uses energy harvesting to prolong its battery life. We analyze the average eavesdropping rate and the probability of the non- eavesdropping event. We first consider the case when the channel gain of the ST-SR link and that from the transmitting antenna of LM to SR can be estimated by the eavesdropper. In addition, we consider for the first time the more realistic case when these channels cannot be estimated by the eavesdropper. Computer simulations are presented to confirm accuracy of the analysis presented.