Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Should we trade person-centered service for a consumer-based model?

W e owe Bowen (1996) a debr. Her question, "Should occupational therapy adopt a consumer-based model of service delivery [for the sake of increased collaboration with patients]" (p. 899), warrants deep consideration. The question presses past semantics to challenge the ethos of our profession. It is thus, for me, a question of substance. My inquiries into the nature of the patient-therapist relationship, the history of service in our profession, the nature and demise of moral treatment, the character of occuparional therapy, the art of practice, the fullness of empathy in occupational therapy, the climate of caring, and the facrors that can depersonalize practice have introduced me to a heritage that transcends the best of consumer-based models. I fear-Bowen's (1996) aim to empower persons norwithstanding-that occupational therapy would languish if regard for persons were traded for deference to their claims as consumers. The adoption of a consumer-based model poses such a risk. Let me explain.
Hypotensive effect of tenuifolic saponin and its mechanism.

AIM To study the effect of tenuifolic saponin (TS) on arterial pressure. METHODS Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was recorded from left carotid artery in rat which was anesthetized with urethane and then injected i.v. gtt with a transfusion of NaCl 0.15 mol.L-1. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) of conscious rat and renovascular hypertensive rat (RVHR) was measured by tail cuff method. RESULTS TS 2, 4, 8 mg.kg-1 i.v. , 20 and 40 mg.kg-1 i.g. reduced the MAP by 31%, 37%, 50%, 21%, and 31%, respectively. Bilateral vagotomy plus atropine (Atr) i.v. , or pretreatment with diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Dip) failed to influence TS effect. Lack of effect of TS on carotid-occlusion-induced- or epinephrine (Epi)-induced-hypertensive response was found. SBP in conscious rat and RVHR was suppressed, highest by 38.0% and 26.8% at 60 and 90 min, maintaining at least 2 and 3 h, respectively, after i.g. TS 40 mg.kg-1. CONCLUSION TS reduced the arterial pressure, not related to vagus excitation, ganglionic blockade, and peripheral alpha-adrenergic-, M-cholinergic-, and H1-receptors.
An Adaptive Bayesian Classification ForReal-time Image Analysis In Real-time ParticleMonitoring For Polymer Film Manufacturing

Contaminant particles in molten plastic flowing through processing equipment result in very undesirable defects in manufactured film. Images of these particles can now be obtained in-line during processing. A Bayesian classification model was previously shown to be capable of distinguishing images containing a contaminant particle from those that did not [1]. However, new processing conditions cause changes in the background “noise” in the acquired images which necessitate retraining of the model. This paper demonstrates how a recently presented method of adaptive machine learning, termed the “Intelligent Learning Machine” (ILM) [2], [3], was successfully used to enable the classification model to adapt to such changes in image quality. The use of the ILM permitted this to be accomplished with great efficiency and flexibility without interrupting the process monitoring.
The good, the (not so) bad and the ugly of immune homeostasis in melanoma

Within the immune system multiple mechanisms balance the need for efficient pathogen recognition and destruction with the prevention of tissue damage by excessive, inappropriate or even self‐targeting (auto)immune reactions. This immune homeostasis is a tightly regulated system which fails during tumor development, often due to the hijacking of its essential self‐regulatory mechanisms by cancer cells. It is facilitated not only by tumor intrinsic properties, but also by the microbiome, host genetics and other factors. In certain ways many cancers can therefore be considered a rare failure of immune control rather than an uncommon or rare disease of the tissue of origin, as the acquisition of potentially oncogenic traits through mutation occurs constantly in most tissues during proliferation. Normally, aberrant cells are well‐controlled by cell intrinsic (repair or apoptosis) and extrinsic (immune) mechanisms. However, occasionally oncogenic cells survive and escape control. Melanoma is one of the first cancer types where treatments aimed at restoring and enhancing an immune response to regain control over the tumor have been used with various success rates. With the advent of “modern” immunotherapeutics such as anti‐CTLA‐4 or anti‐PD‐1 antibodies that both target negative immune‐regulatory pathways on immune cells resulting in durable responses in a proportion of patients, the importance of the interplay between the immune system and cancer has been established beyond doubt.
Markets for Technology and Their Implications for Corporate Strategy

Although market transactions for technologies, ideas, knowledge or information are limited by several well-known imperfections, there is evidence that they have become more common than in the past. In this paper we analyze how the presence of markets for technology conditions the technology and corporate strategy of firms. The first and most obvious implication is that markets for technology increase the strategy space: firms can choose to license in the technology instead of developing it in-house or they can choose to license out their technology instead of (or in addition to) investing in the downstream assets needed to manufacture and commercialize the goods. The implications for management include more proactive management of intellectual property, greater attention to external monitoring of technologies, and organizational changes to support technology licensing, joint-ventures and acquisition of external technology. For entrepreneurial startups, markets for technology make a focused business model more attractive. At the industry level, markets for technology may lower barriers to entry and increase competition, with important implications for the firms' broader strategy as well. Copyright 2001 by Oxford University Press.
The role of voice-activated technology in today's dental practice.

BACKGROUND Voice-activated modules are available for most leading clinical software applications. This article briefly charts the evolution of this technology, describes how it is used in dental practices and discusses possible future developments. CONCLUSIONS Improvements in speech recognition and microphone technology have helped voice-activated charting and clinical note dictation become more accurate, faster and easier to carry out than previously possible. As the technology continues to evolve and is applied more broadly in clinical settings, voice activation is likely to become a mainstream part of dental computer technology. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Voice activation is a user-friendly and cost-effective way to increase clinical productivity and maintain an innovative, up-to-date practice image.
Involvement of Delta and Nodal signals in the specification process of five types of secondary mesenchyme cells in embryo of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus

Secondary mesenchyme cells (SMCs) of the sea urchin embryo are composed of pigment cells, blastocoelar cells, spicule tip cells, coelomic pouch cells and muscle cells. To learn how and when these five types of SMCs are specified in the veg2 descendants, Notch or Nodal signaling was blocked with γ‐secretase inhibitor or Nodal receptor inhibitor, respectively. All types of SMCs were decreased with DAPT, while sensitivity to this inhibitor varied among them. Pulse‐treatment revealed that five types of SMCs are divided into “early” (pigment cells and blastocoelar cells) and “late” (spicule tip cells, coelomic pouch cells and muscle cells) groups; the “early” group was sensitive to DAPT up to the hatching, and the “late” group was sensitive until the mesenchyme blastula stage. Judging from timing of the shift of Delta‐expressing regions, it was suggested that the “early” group and “late” groups are derived from the lower and the middle tier of veg2 descendants, respectively. Interestingly, numbers of SMCs were also altered with SB431542; blastocoelar cells, coelomic pouch cells and circum‐esophageal muscles decreased, whereas pigment cells and spicule tip cells increased in number. Pulse‐treatment showed that the “early” group was sensitive up to the mesenchyme blastula stage, while the “late” group up to the onset of gastrulation. Thus, it became clear that precursor cells of the “early” and “late” groups, which are located in different regions in the vegetal plate, receive Delta and Nodal signals at different timings, resulting in the diversification of SMCs. Based on the obtained results, the specification processes of five types of SMCs are diagrammatically presented.
Care and management of osteoarthritis in adults: summary of NICE guidance

Osteoarthritis refers to a syndrome of joint pain accompanied by functional limitation and reduced quality of life. It is the most common form of arthritis and one of the leading causes of pain and disability in the United Kingdom. The published evidence for osteoarthritis treatment has many limitations—typically, short duration studies using single drug treatments. However, people with osteoarthritis need to be aware of the treatments that represent core management and of the range of additional treatments available. This article summarises the most recent recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on the care and management of osteoarthritis in adults.1 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available evidence. When minimal evidence is available, recommendations are based on the guideline development group’s opinion of what constitutes good practice. Evidence levels for the recommendations are given in italic in square brackets. ### Holistic assessment and management of symptomatic osteoarthritis ### Core treatments Provide advice on the following to all people with symptomatic osteoarthritis:
Monte Carlo Approximations of the Quantiles of a Sample Statistic

We consider in this article the problem of numerically approximating the quantiles of a sample statistic for a given population, a problem of interest in many applications, such as bootstrap confidence intervals. The proposed Monte Carlo method can be routinely applied to handle complex problems that lack analytical results. Furthermore, the method yields estimates of the quantiles of a sample statistic of any sample size though Monte Carlo simulations for only two optimally selected sample sizes are needed. An analysis of the Monte Carlo design is performed to obtain the optimal choices of these two sample sizes and the number of simulated samples required for each sample size. Theoretical results are presented for the bias and variance of the numerical method proposed. The results developed are illustrated via simulation studies for the classical problem of estimating a bivariate linear structural relationship. It is seen that the size of the simulated samples used in the Monte Carlo method does not have to be very large and the method provides a better approximation to quantiles than those based on an asymptotic normal theory for skewed sampling distributions.
Periprosthetic Proximal Femur Fractures: Current Concepts

With the increase in demand for total hip and knee arthroplasty, the orthopaedic community has seen a dramatic increase in periprosthetic fractures. Given the high morbidity and mortality associated with these fractures, the orthopaedic surgeon needs to be prepared to deal with this difficult problem. The purpose of this article is to provide the surgeon with an algorithmic approach that allows for easy classification and treatment options for periprosthetic fractures of the proximal femur. Such an approach should prevent the mismanagement of these complications.
Cushioning, Weathering, Place, and Community in Rural Grandmother-Mothering

Place influences rural women's health when distance and lack of anonymity contribute to a reluctance to seek care. A qualitative design was used to explore relationships between place and the health of rural grandmothers raising grandchildren. The study generated findings concerning theory related to perceptual experience of rurality, identifying “Cushioning,” as a basic social concept and “Weathering,” “Paradoxical Place,” and “Community Mothering” as subconcepts. Physical and mental wear and tear, distance, isolation and unraveling community mothering undermined “Cushioning” and reflected in self-health neglect narratives. Findings underscore the importance of place to the health of rural women raising grandchildren.
Current lipid-modifying agents

To the Editor, Pisaniello et al. [1] reviewed the ongoing challenges for the pharmacotherapy of dyslipidaemia. Drugs like statins, fibrates, niacin and omega-3 fatty acids are mentioned [1] but bile acid sequestrants (BAS) and ezetimibe were not included. There are no recent large trials assessing the benefit of BAS on cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. However, colesevelam (a BAS) is of some interest because it lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and can also improve glycaemia [2]. Ezetimibe in combination with a statin has been associated with controversial results [3,4], as well as some benefit in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease [5]. A more recent trial, the IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) showed that adding ezetimibe to simvastatin when compared with simvastatin monotherapy significantly reduces CV events in patients with acute coronary syndromes [6]. However, we need to wait for the full paper to be published. Furthermore, genetically determined decreased intestinal cholesterol transporter (NPC1L1) function (the target for ezetimibe) is associated with significantly lower plasma LDL-C levels and CV risk [7]. We appreciate that the review by Pisaniello et al. [1] was submitted before the IMPROVE-IT results were presented. Nevertheless, BAS and ezetimibe would probably have been worthy of a brief mention, especially since the evidence for some of the other drugs mentioned by the authors [1] is not definitive regarding CV outcomes. We agree that high-density lipoprotein and LDL quality may help predict CV risk [8,9].
Budesonide/formoterol for the treatment of asthma

Budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort®, AstraZeneca plc) is a novel treatment for asthma, combining an inhaled corticosteroid – budesonide, and a long-acting β2-agonist – formoterol, in a single inhaler, the Turbuhaler®. Randomised, clinical studies in patients with asthma have demonstrated that budesonide/formoterol is more effective than the inhaled corticosteroids, budes-onide and fluticasone alone, and at least as effective as both monocomponents in separate inhalers. Results from clinical studies suggest a synergistic effect when both drugs are administered via one inhaler, although the mechanisms for this are not fully understood. Budesonide/formoterol has a rapid onset of effect, apparent within 1 min of treatment, which is largely because of the properties of formoterol. Once- and twice-daily dosing with budesonide/formoterol are effective treatment options for patients with mild or moderate asthma. Studies have also shown that the beneficial safety profiles and dose relationships of both budesonide and formoterol allow dose adjustments of budesonide/formoterol in response to variations in the patient’s asthma. Findings from the budesonide/formoterol adjustable maintenance dosing programme, comparing fixed and adjustable, symptom-guided dosing regimens, demonstrate that patients achieve equally good asthma control with adjustable dosing (from one inhalation twice-daily to more than four inhalations twice-daily), but at a significantly lower overall drug load. Adverse events, mainly expected inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting β2agonist class effects, have been few in number and mild in nature. In addition, there is growing evidence that budesonide/formoterol is also effective in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The future for treatment with budesonide/formoterol may include as-needed administration in addition to maintenance therapy.
Short Communication Modification of Risk Factors- Newer Way to Control Visual Disability from Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is a chronic retinal disorder that develops as a complication of diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to identify modifiable risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 Diabetes mellitus and correlation with severity of diabetic retinopathy. From the present study we conclude that optimized control of risk factors i.e glucose level, hypertension, serum creatinine, affecting onset and/or progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR), through intensive, multidisciplinary, healthcare team-based approach, can markedly reduce impairment of vision due to
Rapid Changes in Transpiration in Banana Leaves.

Rapid changes in the transpiration rate from a leaf or leafy shoot as a result of excision of that leaf or shoot have been observed in many plants by many investigators (1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16). In banana plants, both photosynthesis and transpiration have been found to change rapidly following excision of the leaf (7). The mechanism underlying such rapid changes in transpiration has been the subject of a recent exchange of opinion between Heath (13), and Meidner and Heath (15) on the one hand and Rufelt (16, 17, 18) on the other hand. Rufelt (16) invokes the interpretation, originally formulated by Iwanoff (14), that excision causes a sudden release of tension in the water supply to the leaf. The increased water supply to the leaf is presumably responsible for increased stomatal opening and increased transpiration. Other investigators have adopted this same interpretation (2, 3, 4, 5, 7) and Allerup (2, 3, 4) who has demonstrated increased stomatal opening as a result of excision of young barley leaves considers this as supporting evidence for Rufelt's hypothesis. Heath (13), and Meidner and Heath (15) on the other hand, hold that these rapid changes in transpiration are occasioned by an increased stomatal opening which they ascribe, as did Darwin and Pertz (9), to a wilting of the mesophyll cells withdrawing water from the epidermal and subsidiary cells thus permitting the guard cells to bulge outward, opening the stomatal pores. Excising a leaf in air can only, according to their argument, result in a decreased water supply to the leaf, and it is this decreased water supply which causes the mesophyll cells to wilt. The present work constitutes an effort to shed some light on this problem by studying in a controlled environment the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration, the average stomatal opening (by direct observation), and the relative turgidity (by leaf thickness measurements) of banana leaves before, (ltring anid after excision fromii the plant.
Discovering Generalized Profile-Association Rules for the Targeted Advertising of New Products

We propose a data-mining approach for the targeted marketing of new products that have never been rated or purchased by customers. This approach uncovers associations between customer types and product genres that frequently occurred in previous transaction records. Customer types are defined in terms of demographic attribute values that can be aggregated through concept hierarchies; product types can be generalized through product taxonomies. We use generalized profile-association rules (GP association rules) to identify the advertising targets for a given new product. In addition, we propose two algorithms---GP-Apriori and Merge-prune---to mine GP association rules and develop a value-based targeted advertising algorithm to select prospective customers of a new product on the basis of the discovered rules. We evaluate the proposed approach using both synthetic data and library-circulation data.
Principles of planar polarity in animal development

Planar polarity describes the coordinated polarisation of cells or structures in the plane of a tissue. The patterning mechanisms that underlie planar polarity are well characterised in Drosophila, where many events are regulated by two pathways: the ‘core’ planar polarity complex and the Fat/Dachsous system. Components of both pathways also function in vertebrates and are implicated in diverse morphogenetic processes, some of which self-evidently involve planar polarisation and some of which do not. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms and cellular consequences of planar polarisation in diverse contexts, seeking to identify the common principles across the animal kingdom.
Polymer Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguides and Microring Resonators

We report the design and fabrication of hybrid plasmonic waveguides based on the Au/SiO2/SU-8 material system. Monolithic integration of these devices with dielectric SU-8 waveguides on the same chip enabled efficient and broadband coupling between photonic and plasmonic devices to be achieved. Compact hybrid plasmonic microring resonators were also demonstrated with high intrinsic Q-factors close to 300.
Employment of Corrective Switching in Congestion Management for Eliminating Multiple Overloads in Power Systems

There are many papers proposing Corrective Switching Technique for eliminating overloads in electrical branches, but most of them consider just one overloaded branch. However, considering the increasing demand of the power system, contingencies in a branch may cause multiple overloads in electrical grid. This way, the aim of this paper is to present a methodology to systematize the use of Corrective Switching in congestion management for eliminating multiple overloads in power system. For congestion management, two methodologies will be employed for supporting Corrective Switching Technique: Relief Function and Loading Characteristics. These will provide the background of the algorithm to be used in the power system for eliminating the overloads. It is important to mention that the configuration can be obtained quickly, since the calculations for decision support are linear, requiring just a low computational effort. This way the on-line application in Energy Management Systems becomes feasible.
Genetic analysis of crimean‐congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Iran

Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a potentially fatal disease caused by a tick‐borne virus in the family Bunyavridae. The disease occurs in parts of Africa, Asia, Middle East, and Eastern Europe. During recent years, an increasing number of human CCHF cases have been diagnosed in Iran, but very little information is available on the prevalence and genetic diversity of CCHFV in Iran. In the present study, CCHF virus (CCHFV) isolates from nine Iranian patients infected during 2002 were examined genetically. Nucleotide sequencing of the S‐ and M‐segments, encoding the nucleocapsid protein (NP) and the glycoproteins, respectively, revealed that the different isolates were related closely to each other with nucleotide sequence identities exceeding 98% for both S‐ and M‐segments. Phylogenetic analysis of partial S‐segment nucleotide sequences showed that the viruses clustered along with strains from Pakistan and Madagascar in one distinct lineage. Phylogenetic analysis also demonstrated that the Iranian isolates examined in this study and the previously published CCHFV strain ArTeh193‐3 clustered into different genetic groups, indicating that at least two genetic lineages of CCHFV could be co‐circulating in Iran. J. Med. Virol. 73:404–411, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.