Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Time-Varying Filter for Doppler Compensation Applied to Underwater Acoustic OFDM

This paper describes a Doppler compensation algorithm to improve the reliability of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). To compensate for the time-varying Doppler effect in a mobile deployment scenario, first the time-scaling factor over a wideband channel is estimated using pilot tones inserted in each OFDM symbol. Then, using a time-varying resampling technique, the Doppler effect is compensated during the reception of each OFDM symbol in the frame. To predict the performance of the system in relatively shallow waters, a software channel model is developed that is able to simulate a wide variety of dynamic shallow water deployment scenario. The performance of the algorithm was tested for two extreme frequency ranges during sea trials, the first at 2 kHz for a long-range application, and the second at 125 kHz for a short range telemetry link. For the 2-kHz system, a 16-bps mobile link in which the platform was moving at 1 m/s was demonstrated to have a bit error rate on the order of 10−3, while, for the 125-kHz telemetry application, a 2000-bps link was enabled with a bit error rate of 0.03 at a low SNR equal to 5.5 dB.
Reducing non-idealities on switched-current sigma-delta modulators

Oversampling /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ A/D and D/A converters based on switched current (SI) cells are an option that offers great advantages when manufactured with digital circuit processes. However, SI suffers from non-idealities that limit the performance of oversampling /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulators. This paper presents a conventional second order /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator using the SI technique with a compensation scheme that reduces non-idealities of the integrators improving the performance of the modulator for audio applications.
miRNA Polymorphisms and Risk of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Recently extensive focus has been concentrated on the role of miRNAs in the initiation and progression of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCDs) which constitute a range of conditions including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs, especially coronary artery disease (CAD)), congenital heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular diseases (CBVDs, especially the ischemic stroke (IS)). An increasing number of studies are evaluating the association between different miRNA polymorphisms and risk of CCDs, but results have been inconclusive. This study represents a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between miRNA polymorphisms and risk of CCDs. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were queried to identify eligible articles. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the association of miRNA polymorphisms with CCD susceptibility. A total of 51 eligible articles evaluating the association of 31 miRNA polymorphisms were identified. Meta-analysis was performed for six miRNA polymorphisms. miR-146a rs2910164 (30 studies: 13,186 cases/14,497 controls), miR-149 rs2292832 (Nine studies: 4116 cases/3511 controls), miR-149 rs71428439 (Three studies: 1556 cases/1567 controls), miR-196a2 rs11614913 (20 studies: 10,144 cases/10,433 controls), miR-218 rs11134527 (Three studies: 2,322 cases/2,754 controls) were not associated with overall CCD. miR-499 rs3746444 was associated with CCD (20 studies: 9564 cases/8876 controls). In the subgroups, rs2910164 and rs3746444 were only associated with CVDs, especially CAD. In conclusion, the results support the existence of a role for miR-146a rs2910164 and miR-499 rs3746444 in determining susceptibility to CCDs, especially CAD.
Unravelling the anticancer efficacy of 10-oxo-7-epidocetaxel: in vitro and in vivo results

Abstract Purpose: To prepare 7-epidocetaxel (7ED) and 10-oxo-7-epidocetaxel (10-O-7ED) formulations as like marketed Taxotere® (TXT) injection and to screen them for in vitro and in vivo anticancer efficacy including their in vivo toxicity behavior. Methods: The 7ED and 10-O-7ED formulations were screened for in vitro anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic and cell cycle arresting behaviors. Further, in vivo acute toxicity of TXT injection containing 10% of 7ED and 10-O-7ED separately and the therapeutic study of 10-O-7ED alone were studied in B16F10 experimental metastasis mouse model. Results: 10-O-7ED caused significantly higher cytotoxicity after 48 and 72 h than 22 h study. 10-O-7ED showed significantly increased in vitro anti-metastatic activity than TXT. The TXT caused more arrest of cells at S phase, whereas 10-O-7ED arrested more at G2-M phase and vice versa at higher concentration. In vivo acute toxicity study revealed better therapeutic effect with reduced toxicity of TXT containing 10% 10-O-7ED than TXT alone. Similarly, the therapeutic study revealed significantly less number of surface metastatic nodules formation with 10-O-7ED treated group (107 ± 49) (***p < .0001) than control group (348 ± 56). Also, the control group showed significant weight loss at the end (20th day) of the experiment (*p < .05, p = .041) than 10-O-7ED treated group which showed about 4% increased mean group weight. Conclusion: Our study revealed the significantly higher in vivo anti-metastatic behavior, with no toxicity, of 10-O-7ED. However, it is a preliminary observation being noticed but further investigations are needed to address the potential of 10-O-7ED in cancer treatment with mechanisms behind the improved therapeutic efficacy with no toxicity.
Germinative and Post-Germinative Behaviours of Brassica napus Seeds Are Impacted by the Severity of S Limitation Applied to the Parent Plants

In oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), sulphur (S) limitation leads to a reduction of seed yield and nutritional quality, but also to a reduction of seed viability and vigour. S metabolism is known to be involved in the control of germination sensu stricto and seedling establishment. Nevertheless, how the germination and the first steps of plant growth are impacted in seeds produced by plants subjected to various sulphate limitations remains largely unknown. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the impact of various S-limited conditions applied to the mother plants on the germination indexes and the rate of viable seedlings in a spring oilseed rape cultivar (cv. Yudal). Using a 34S-sulphate pulse method, the sulphate uptake capacity during the seedling development was also investigated. The rate of viable seedlings was significantly reduced for seeds produced under the strongest S-limited conditions. This is related to a reduction of germination vigour and to perturbations of post-germinative events. Compared to green seedlings obtained from seeds produced by well-S-supplied plants, the viable seedlings coming from seeds harvested on plants subjected to severe S-limitation treatment showed nonetheless a higher dry biomass and were able to enhance the sulphate uptake by roots and the S translocation to shoots.
Non-Coding RNAs in Glioma

Glioma is the most aggressive brain tumor of the central nervous system. The ability of glioma cells to migrate, rapidly diffuse and invade normal adjacent tissue, their sustained proliferation, and heterogeneity contribute to an overall survival of approximately 15 months for most patients with high grade glioma. Numerous studies indicate that non-coding RNA species have critical functions across biological processes that regulate glioma initiation and progression. Recently, new data emerged, which shows that the cross-regulation between long non-coding RNAs and small non-coding RNAs contribute to phenotypic diversity of glioblastoma subclasses. In this paper, we review data of long non-coding RNA expression, which was evaluated in human glioma tissue samples during a five-year period. Thus, this review summarizes the following: (I) the role of non-coding RNAs in glioblastoma pathogenesis, (II) the potential application of non-coding RNA species in glioma-grading, (III) crosstalk between lncRNAs and miRNAs (IV) future perspectives of non-coding RNAs as biomarkers for glioma.
Molecular Evidence for Precursors of Sjögren’s Foci in Histologically Normal Lacrimal Glands

Understanding the formation of Sjogren’s lymphocytic infiltrates could permit earlier diagnosis and better outcomes. We submitted gene transcript abundances in histologically normal rabbit lacrimal glands to principal component analysis. The analysis identified a cluster of transcripts associated with Sjögren’s foci, including messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for C–X–C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), which dominated the major principal component. We interpreted the transcript cluster as the signature of a cluster of integrally functioning cells. Pregnancy and dryness increased the likelihood that the cluster would develop to high levels, but responses were subject to high levels of stochasticity. Analyzing microdissected samples from high- and low-cluster-level glands, we found that certain transcripts, including mRNAs for C–C motif chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21), CXCL13, cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4), CD28, CD25, BAFF, and interleukin 18 (IL-18) were significantly more abundant in immune cell clusters (ICs) from the high-cluster-level gland; mRNAs for CCL2, CD25, and IL-1RA were significantly more abundant in acinus-duct axis samples; mRNAs for CCL4, BAFF, IL-6, and IL-10 were more abundant in some acinus-duct samples; cells with high prolactin immunoreactivity were more frequent in interacinar spaces. In conclusion, integrated functional networks comprising Sjögren’s infiltrates, such as ICs, acinar cells, ductal cells, and interacinar cells, can form in histologically normal glands, and it is feasible to detect their molecular signatures.
An assessment of the translational relevance of Drosophila in drug discovery

ABSTRACT Introduction: Drosophila melanogaster offers a powerful expedient and economical system with facile genetics. Because of the high sequence and functional conservation with human disease-associated genes, it has been cardinal in deciphering disease mechanisms at the genetic and molecular level. Drosophila are amenable to and respond well to pharmaceutical treatment which coupled to their genetic tractability has led to discovery, repositioning, and validation of a number of compounds. Areas covered: This review summarizes the generation of fly models of human diseases, their advantages and use in elucidation of human disease mechanisms. Representative studies provide examples of the utility of this system in modeling diseases and the discovery, repositioning and testing on pharmaceuticals to ameliorate them. Expert opinion: Drosophila offers a facile and economical whole animal system with many homologous organs to humans, high functional conservation and established methods of generating and validating human disease models. Nevertheless, it remains relatively underused as a drug discovery tool probably because its relevance to mammalian systems remains under question. However, recent exciting success stories using Drosophila disease models for drug screening, repositioning and validation strongly suggest that fly models should figure prominently in the drug discovery pipeline from bench to bedside.
Drug Interactions With Oral Inhaled Medications

Objective: To evaluate the potential for drug interactions with oral inhaled medications (OIMs). OIMs include bronchodilators (β-agonists and antimuscarinics), corticosteroids, combination products (2 or more agents combined within a single inhalation device), antibiotics, prostacyclins, anesthetics, acetylcysteine, mucolytics, insulin, antivirals, nitric oxide, and nicotine replacement. Data Sources: A systemic literature search (1980 to May 2018) was performed using PubMed and EBSCO to locate relevant articles. The MESH terms used included each specific medication available as an OIM as well as “drug interactions. ” DAILYMED was used for product-specific drug interactions. Study Selection and Data Extraction: The search was conducted to identify drug interactions with OIMs. The search was limited to those articles studying human applications with OIMs and publications using the English language. Case reports, clinical trials, review articles, treatment guidelines, and package labeling were selected for inclusion. Data Synthesis: Primary literature and package labeling indicate that OIMs are subject to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics interactions. The most frequently identified clinically significant drug interaction is an inhaled corticosteroid when combined with a potent CYP 450 inhibitor such as a protease inhibitor or antifungal. Conclusions: The available literature indicates that OIMs are associated with clinically significant drug interactions and subsequent adverse reactions. Clinicians in all practice settings should be mindful of this potential to minimize adverse effects and optimize therapy.
Molecular profiling in muscle‐invasive bladder cancer: more than the sum of its parts

Bladder cancers are biologically and clinically heterogeneous. Recent large‐scale transcriptomic profiling studies focusing on life‐threatening muscle‐invasive cases have demonstrated a small number of molecularly distinct clusters that largely explain their heterogeneity. Similar to breast cancer, these clusters reflect intrinsic urothelial cell‐type differentiation programs, including those with luminal and basal cell characteristics. Also like breast cancer, each cell‐based subtype demonstrates a distinct profile with regard to its prognosis and its expression of therapeutic targets. Indeed, a number of studies suggest subtype‐specific differential responses to cytotoxic chemotherapy and to therapies that inhibit a number of targets, including growth factors (EGFR, ERBB2, FGFR) and immune checkpoint (PD1, PDL1) inhibitors. Despite burgeoning evidence for important clinical implications, subtyping has yet to enter into routine clinical practice. Here we review the conceptual basis for intrinsic cell subtyping in muscle‐invasive bladder cancer and discuss evidence behind proposed clinical uses for subtyping as a prognostic or predictive test. In deliberating barriers to clinical implementation, we review pitfalls associated with transcriptomic profiling and illustrate a simple immunohistochemistry (IHC)‐based subtyping algorithm that may serve as a faster, less expensive alternative. Envisioned as a research tool that can easily be translated into routine pathology workflow, IHC‐based profiling has the potential to more rapidly establish the utility (or lack thereof) of cell type profiling in clinical practice. Copyright © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamically Reconfigurable Encryption and Decryption System Design for the Internet of Things Information Security

Information security is the foundation for building trust between the Internet of Things (IoT) and its users. Due to the sharp increase of information quantity and the limitation of hardware resources, it is difficult to maintain the high performance of hardware equipment, while also enhancing information security. To solve the problem of high consumption and low flexibility of multiple cryptographic algorithms hardware implementation, we have designed the Dynamically Reconfigurable Encryption and Decryption System, which is based on Field Programmable Gate Array. Considering the functional requirements, the cryptographic algorithm reconfigurable module files stored in External Memory could be configured dynamically into the assigned on-chip Reconfigurable Partition, supported by Core Controller and the Reconfiguration Control Platform. The experiment results show that, compared with the Static Encryption and Decryption System, our design reduces the logic resources by more than 30% and completes the algorithm swapping at the configuration speed of 15,759.51 Bytes/ms. It indicates that our design could reduce logic resources consumption and improve utilization efficiency and system flexibility.
Revitalising the rudimentary replacement dentition in the mouse

ABSTRACT Most mammals have two sets of teeth (diphyodont) – a deciduous dentition replaced by a permanent dentition; however, the mouse possesses only one tooth generation (monophyodont). In diphyodonts, the replacement tooth forms on the lingual side of the first tooth from the successional dental lamina. This lamina expresses the stem/progenitor marker Sox2 and has activated Wnt/β-catenin signalling at its tip. Although the mouse does not replace its teeth, a transient rudimentary successional dental lamina (RSDL) still forms during development. The mouse RSDL houses Sox2-positive cells, but no Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Here, we show that stabilising Wnt/β-catenin signalling in the RSDL in the mouse leads to proliferation of the RSDL and formation of lingually positioned teeth. Although Sox2 has been shown to repress Wnt activity, overexpression of Wnts leads to a downregulation of Sox2, suggesting a negative-feedback loop in the tooth. In the mouse, the first tooth represses the formation of the replacement, and isolation of the RSDL is sufficient to induce formation of a new tooth germ. Our data highlight key mechanisms that may have influenced the evolution of replacement teeth. This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview. Highlighted Article: Mice only have one set of teeth but by manipulating Wnt signalling or the local environment it is possible to induce development of an extra set of tooth germs.
12-Oxo-Phytodienoic Acid Acts as a Regulator of Maize Defense against Corn Leaf Aphid1[OPEN]

12-Oxo-phytodienoic acid promotes enhanced callose accumulation and heightened maize resistance against aphids. The corn leaf aphid (CLA; Rhopalosiphum maidis) is a phloem sap-sucking insect that attacks many cereal crops, including maize (Zea mays). We previously showed that the maize inbred line Mp708, which was developed by classical plant breeding, provides enhanced resistance to CLA. Here, using electrophysiological monitoring of aphid feeding behavior, we demonstrate that Mp708 provides phloem-mediated resistance to CLA. Furthermore, feeding by CLA on Mp708 plants enhanced callose deposition, a potential defense mechanism utilized by plants to limit aphid feeding and subsequent colonization. In maize, benzoxazinoids (BX) or BX-derived metabolites contribute to enhanced callose deposition by providing heightened resistance to CLA. However, BX and BX-derived metabolites were not significantly altered in CLA-infested Mp708 plants, indicating BX-independent defense against CLA. Evidence presented here suggests that the constitutively higher levels of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) in Mp708 plants contributed to enhanced callose accumulation and heightened CLA resistance. OPDA enhanced the expression of ethylene biosynthesis and receptor genes, and the synergistic interactions of OPDA and CLA feeding significantly induced the expression of the transcripts encoding Maize insect resistance1-Cysteine Protease, a key defensive protein against insect pests, in Mp708 plants. Furthermore, exogenous application of OPDA on maize jasmonic acid-deficient plants caused enhanced callose accumulation and heightened resistance to CLA, suggesting that the OPDA-mediated resistance to CLA is independent of the jasmonic acid pathway. We further demonstrate that the signaling function of OPDA, rather than a direct toxic effect, contributes to enhanced CLA resistance in Mp708.
Micromanipulation in Clinical Management of Fertility Disorders

Biologists have used micromanipulators to assess subcellular processes for nearly a century. 1 Micro manipulators have been used as a substitute for more coarse manual techniques to assess processes on a single cell or even organelle level. Micro manipulators have three main components: (1) a glass microtool of which the tip can be modeled using a combination of heat and cutting forces to suit a particular purpose such as injection of a nucleus, and (2) a microtoolholder which connects the deli cate microtool with the (3) controlling device. The latter is the actual micromanipulator and consists of manually operated or motorized components which allow fine three-dimensional movements using joy stick-like devices. The micromanipulators are usu ally firmly mounted to a specialized microscope equipped with video-optics on a vibration-free table.
Population‐neuroscience study of the Tokyo TEEN Cohort (pn‐TTC): Cohort longitudinal study to explore the neurobiological substrates of adolescent psychological and behavioral development

Adolescence is a crucial stage of psychological development and is critically vulnerable to the onset of psychopathology. Our understanding of how the maturation of endocrine, epigenetics, and brain circuit may underlie psychological development in adolescence, however, has not been integrated. Here, we introduce our research project, the population‐neuroscience study of the Tokyo TEEN Cohort (pn‐TTC), a longitudinal study to explore the neurobiological substrates of development during adolescence.
The Role of Statins in the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its advanced form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are the most common causes of elevated liver enzymes in the general population. NASH, and to a lesser extent NAFLD have been associated with increased liver-related, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and allcause mortality. No effective treatment is widely acceptable. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to summarize available data on the impact of statins on NAFLD and NASH. METHOD A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify studies assessing the effect of statin use in NAFLD/NASH. RESULTS Recent reports have shown that the use of statins in patients with elevated plasma aminotransferases may be beneficial. Post hoc data from three large prospective randomized clinical trials (n>11, 000) suggest that specific statins (mainly atorvastatin) ameliorate NAFLD/NASH and reduce CVD events twice as much as in those with normal liver function. Several biopsy studies have found that rosuvastatin use is related with significant histological ameliorating effects in the setting of NASH. Statin treatment may also protect from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to NAFLD/NASH. CONCLUSION Since NAFLD/NASH patients have high CVD risk, they will probably require a statin. Thus, why not select a specific statins (atorvastatin or rosuvastatin, both generic now) that offer a substantial liver- and CVDrelated adverse event reduction? The administration of statins in these patients is as safe as in the general population.