Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
More about Imatinib and Nilotinib Combination Therapy in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

tinib was suspended, and 1 month later, in June 2005, the patient underwent an allogeneic peripheral blood SCT from an HLA-identical sibling after nonmyeloablative conditioning. After an uneventful posttransplant course with no clinical signs of GvHD, secondary graft failure and molecular relapse were diagnosed in March 2007. Nilotinib We read with great interest the case report by Zhu et al. [1] . They report an imatinib-refractory blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patient treated with a combination of 400 mg q.d. imatinib and 400 mg q.d. nilotinib. A complete hematologic response was achieved within 3 months and the drug combination was well tolerated. We had a similar experience with a 70-year-old female patient diagnosed with chronic phase CML in Octo ber 2001. She was started on imatinib, 400 mg q.d. , with complete hematological response achieved within 3 months. Due to persistence of grade 2 nonhematologic adverse events, imatinib therapy was administered on a noncontinuous schedule at a reduced dose of 200–300 mg daily. Despite this unconventional scheme, she had a major molecular response. At this time imatinib was discontinued at the patient’s request. Six months later, hematological relapse of the disease was recorded and imatinib was reinitiated at the same dosage, with hematological response obtained within 2 months. Whereas the patient remained in continuous complete hematological remission, subsequent BCR-ABL transcript analysis showed a progressive increase ( fig. 1 ), and therefore the daily dose of imatinib was increased to 600 mg/ day, with poor tolerance. The BCR-ABL transcript levels continued to rise, imaReceived: August 2, 2012 Accepted: August 5, 2012 Published online: September 12, 2012
The intestinal absorption and metabolism of chimyl alcohol in the rat.

Summary. Unanaesthetized rats provided with a thoracic duct fistula were fed [14C]-labeled chimyl alcohol (α-[1-14C]-hexadecylglyceryl ether) dissolved in olive oil. The labelled chimyl alcohol was absorbed to 95 per cent. The remainder was recovered in the unsaponifiable fraction of fecal lipids. About 50 per cent of the absorbed activity was recovered in the lymph lipids. In the lymph lipids about half of the radioactivity was associated with palmitic acid, indicating a splitting of the ether bond of the chimyl alcohol and subsequently oxidation of the cetyl alcohol moiety to palmitic acid in the mucosa cells. The palmitic acid was incorporated into the lymph triglycerides and phospholipids in the usual way. The other half of the activity in the lymph was present as chimyl alcohol about half of which was present as free chimyl alcohol. The remainder of the chimyl alcohol had been esterified during the absorption process and behaved chromatographically as a triglyceride that yielded chimyl alcohol after alkaline saponification. Chimyl alcohol is thus well absorbed but extensively metabolized already during the absorption process.
Array-Level Analysis of Magneto-Electric Random-Access Memory for High-Performance Embedded Applications

An array-level evaluation of magneto-electric random-access memory (MeRAM) is conducted by comparing its performance with that of other embedded technologies. We consider MeRAM cells with one transistor and one magnetic tunnel junction (1T-1MTJ) structure, where writing of the two-terminal MTJ bit is performed by precessional reorientation of the magnetization via voltage control of the magnetic anisotropy. We consider an accurate resistance-capacitance load on the critical path by including capacitive and resistive effects on the bit lines, word lines, and source lines, because the access time and energy consumption are strongly affected by the parasitics. We then estimate the write access time, read access time, write energy, and area of each memory technology based on 28 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor model parameters under two different conditions: (i) fixed array capacity ( $\mathsf {512} \mathsf \,{\times}\, \mathsf {512}\;{\mathsf{bits}}\, =\, \mathsf {256}\;{\mathsf{Kbits}}$) and (ii) fixed array area $(\mathsf{200}\ \;{\mathsf{\mu m}}\, \times\, \mathsf{200}\ \;{\mathsf{\mu m}})$ . We discuss the tradeoffs and advantages of MeRAM compared to embedded SRAM, embedded DRAM (eDRAM), stand-alone DRAM, and embedded spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory.
Model reduction of multidimensional and uncertain systems

We present model reduction methods with guaranteed error bounds for systems represented by a Linear Fractional Transformation (LFT) on a repeated scalar uncertainty structure. These reduction methods can be interpreted either as doing state order reduction for multi-dimensionalsystems, or as uncertainty simplification in the case of uncertain systems, and are based on finding solutions to a pair of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). A related necessary and sufficient condition for the exact reducibility of stable uncertain systems is also presented.
The Airborne Methane Plume Spectrometer (AMPS): Quantitative imaging of methane plumes in real time

The Airborne Methane Plume Spectrometer (AMPS) is a mature instrument concept that is ready for development at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). At its core is a novel high-resolution imaging spectrometer that records solar reflected light between 1.99 and 2.42 pm at 1 nm resolution, including strong methane (CH4) bands in the short-wave infrared. The push-broom spectrometer will leverage recent advancements in grating design and large-format 2D focal plane arrays to enable - for the first time - the high spectral resolution necessary for trace gas retrievals combined with high-performance imaging capabilities developed for surface remote sensing. AMPS features a 36° field of view with 600 resolved spatial elements across track (1 mRad) and 431 pixels in the spectral dimension. All other aspects of the instrument, such as the telescope, cryo-cooler, image stabilizer, GPS, are identical to available airborne JPL spectrometers in operation. The AMPS design is based on the next generation Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS-NG), which has been used for high resolution mapping of CH4 concentrations from a controlled release experiment [1] and over existing natural gas fields [2]. A real time CH4 plume detection capability originally developed for AVIRIS-NG and successfully demonstrated over oil fields [3] will also be implemented with AMPS. This will facilitate surveys over existing oil and gas fields to identify and attribute CH4 emissions to individual point source locations, permit adaptive surveys with repeat imaging of suspected sources, and allow real time communication to site operators or ground crews equipped with additional instruments to verify observed plumes. AMPS will enable quantitative imaging of CH4 plumes at unprecedented spatial resolution and precision. Using a slow moving platform such as a helicopter at 100 m flight altitude (60 m image swath) will permit imaging CH4 enhancements at 10 cm spatial resolution and an unprecedented accuracy of 0.05 g CH4/m2. This will allow robust detection of CH4 emissions as low as 0.17 m3/h (6 standard cubic feet per hour), an order of magnitude smaller than what current airborne systems can detect. Using fixed-wing aircraft, AMPS can also be flown faster and higher (1 to 8 km flight altitude), thereby providing larger image swaths (0.6 to 4.8 km swaths respectively) and effective large scale surveys. Mapping CH4 emissions to individual point source locations could allow site operators to identify and mitigate these emissions, which reflect both a potential safety hazard and lost revenue. For the regulatory and scientific communities, understanding the distribution (spatial, temporal) and size of these emissions is of interest given the large uncertainties associated with anthropogenic emissions, including industrial point source emissions and fugitive CH4 from oil and gas infrastructure.
Pathogens target DC‐SIGN to influence their fate DC‐SIGN functions as a pathogen receptor with broad specificity

Dendritic cells (DC) are vital in the defense against pathogens. To sense pathogens DC express pathogen recognition receptors such as toll‐like receptors (TLR) and C‐type lectins that recognize different fragments of pathogens, and subsequently activate or present pathogen fragments to T cells. It is now becoming evident that some pathogens subvert DC functions to escape immune surveillance. HIV‐1 targets the DC‐specific C‐type lectin DC‐SIGN to hijack DC for viral dissemination. HIV‐1 binding to DC‐SIGN protects HIV‐1 from antigen processing and facilitates its transport to lymphoid tissues, where DC‐SIGN promotes HIV‐1 infection of T cells. Recent studies demonstrate that DC‐SIGN is a more universal pathogen receptor that also recognizes Ebola, cytomegalovirus and mycobacteria. Mycobacterium tuberculosis targets DC‐SIGN by a mechanism that is distinct from that of HIV‐1, leading to inhibition of the immunostimulatory function of DC and pathogen survival. Thus, a better understanding of DC‐SIGN‐pathogen interactions and their effects on DC function is necessary to combat infections.
Coupled Thermal and Hydrological Evolution of Tropical Africa over the Last Deglaciation

We analyzed the distribution of branched tetraether membrane lipids derived from soil bacteria in a marine sediment record that was recovered close to the Congo River outflow, and the results enabled us to reconstruct large-scale continental temperature changes in tropical Africa that span the past 25,000 years. Tropical African temperatures gradually increased from ∼21° to 25°C over the last deglaciation, which is a larger warming than estimated for the tropical Atlantic Ocean. A direct comparison with sea-surface temperature estimates from the same core revealed that the land-sea temperature difference was, through the thermal pressure gradient, an important control on central African precipitation patterns.
Use of biotinylated beta-lactams and chemiluminescence for study and purification of penicillin-binding proteins in bacteria

A new reagent for the detection of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) was developed. An N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of biotin was used to tag beta-lactam antibiotics with free side chain amino groups such as ampicillin (BIO-AMP), 6-aminopenicillanic acid (BIO-APA), and 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (BIO-ACA). Bacterial PBPs from cells or isolated cytoplasmic membranes of Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae were labeled with BIO-AMP, subjected to electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gels, and transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes. Electrophoretic PBP profiles were detected on blots, using colorimetric or chemiluminescence systems, on the basis of the interaction of BIO-AMP-PBP complexes and a streptavidin-peroxidase conjugate. The chemiluminescent reaction permitted a high sensitivity of detection, and PBP profiles could be determined within seconds. All PBP profiles were similar to those obtained with a traditional PBP labeling technique with 125I-labeled penicillin V, except that an additional unidentified PBP (approximately 55,000 Da) was labeled with BIO-AMP in E. coli and H. influenzae. Differences in the intensities of labeling for specific PBPs were observed between the chemiluminescent and radioactive labeling agents and were attributed to the differences in their affinities for PBPs. Similarly, BIO-AMP, BIO-APA, and BIO-ACA produced different PBP profiles. We also investigated the use of BIO-AMP in PBP purification. BIO-AMP-PBP complexes from a mixture of H. influenzae proteins were allowed to bind to avidin immobilized on an agarose support in a microcentrifuge tube. After several washes in the presence of salts, PBPs were eluted by boiling and treatment with SDS. The eluted proteins were separated by electrophoresis on SDS-polyacrylamide gels, and biotinylated proteins were identified on blots by a chemiluminescence reaction. Biotinylation of beta-lactams is rapid, safe, and inexpensive. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using biotinylated beta-lactams as nonradioactive reagents for the study of PBPs and for the purification of these proteins.
Distributed simulation of ECATNets: a conservative approach

ECATNets (Extended Concurrent Algebraic Term Nets) are a kind of high-level algebraic net used for specifying various aspects of distributed and parallel systems. We address the problem of developing parallel simulation techniques to analyze ECAT-Nets. Distributed discrete event simulation (DDES) is used to develop a simulation framework for studying their behaviour. The ECATNet model to be simulated is partitioned into several connected subnets. The various subnets are simulated in parallel by several logical processes. We develop and discuss a distributed simulation protocol based on the conservative approach to execute discrete event simulations of ECATNets.
Wheeling à Petit Pas: Parkinsonism Detected by Observation of Wheelchair Propulsion

Worley SW, Kirby RL, MacLeod DA: Wheeling à petit pas: Parkinsonism detected by observation of wheelchair propulsion. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2006;85:931–934. We present a man with parkinsonism detected by the observation of wheelchair propulsion. His manual wheelchair propulsion technique was observed to include rapid, brief, low-power strokes resembling the marche à petit pas (walking with tiny steps) phenomenon of parkinsonism. We videotaped his wheelchair propulsion and compared him with ten age-, gender-, and diagnosis-matched controls. The patient had a propulsion velocity of 0.14 m/sec compared with a mean (± standard deviation) of 0.73 (± 0.16) m/sec for the controls, a cadence of 209 strokes/min vs. 60 (± 12) strokes/min for the controls, and a mechanical efficiency of 0.04 m/stroke compared with 0.75 (± 0.25) m/stroke for the controls. This observation shifted the course of his medical investigations and management as well as his rehabilitation care. This is the first detailed report of how parkinsonian features may affect manual wheelchair propulsion. It suggests that observation of wheelchair mobility should be a routine component of the physical examination of wheelchair users.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Regulate Ig Class Switching by Controlling Access of AID to the Switch Region

Ig class switching requires cell proliferation and is division linked, but the detailed mechanism is unknown. By analyzing the first switching cells early in the kinetics, our analysis suggested that proliferating B cells had a very short G1 phase (<3.5 h), a total cell cycle time of ∼11 h, and that Ig class switching preferentially occurred in the late G1 or early S phase. Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) caused dramatic reduction of switching rate within 6 h. This was associated with less targeting of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) to the Igh locus. Interestingly, ectopically expressed nuclear AID in HeLa cells was preferentially found in the early S phase. Furthermore, in CDK2 hypomorphic cells there was reduced nuclear AID accumulation. Thus, our data are compatible with the idea that division-linked Ig class switching is in part due to CDK2-regulated AID nuclear access at the G1/S border.
Classification of service quality elements based on Fuzzy Kano model: An empirical study in Chinese machinery industry

Aiming at solving the subjectivity and uncertainty of service quality elements classification in Kano model and combining with fuzzy theory which is effective to cope with uncertainty and ambiguity, a Kano model based on fuzzy theory is proposed. This study will apply an approach of fuzzy questionnaires to modify Kano questionnaires which considered as subjective. Furthermore, this study will also develop a mathematical calculation performance according to the quality classification of fuzzy Kano model. It's more objective than traditional Kano model to realize the service quality elements classification. With this method, the accurate mentality can be fully reasonable reflected in unknown circumstances. Finally, an empirical study in Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Co., Ltd, the largest manufacturing industry in China, to testify its feasibility and validity.
A role for PVRL 4-driven cell-cell interactions in tumorigenesis Citation

During all stages of tumor progression, cancer cells are subjected to inappropriate extracellular matrix environments and must undergo adaptive changes in order to evade growth constraints associated with the loss of matrix attachment. A gain of function screen for genes that enable proliferation independently of matrix anchorage identified a cell adhesion molecule PVRL4 (poliovirus-receptor-like 4), also known as Nectin-4. PVRL4 promotes anchorage-independence by driving cell-to-cell attachment and matrix-independent integrin β4/SHP-2/c-Src activation. Solid tumors frequently have copy number gains of the PVRL4 locus and some have focal amplifications. We demonstrate that the transformation of breast cancer cells is dependent on PVRL4. Furthermore, growth of orthotopically implanted tumors in vivo is inhibited by blocking PVRL4driven cell-to-cell attachment with monoclonal antibodies, demonstrating a novel strategy for targeted therapy of cancer. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.00358. 001
Time of arrival and Time Sum of arrival based NLOS identification and localization

Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) error due to the blockage of direct paths has been considered as the major problem in the wireless localization. Therefore, this paper studies the influence on different algorithms caused by the same NLOS error in order to identify LOS base stations (BS) from NLOS BS. Specifically, Time of Arrival (TOA) based algorithm and Time Sum of arrival (TSOA) based algorithm are chosen to be the two different localization algorithms to detect the LOS BS in this paper. Simulations show that the proposed strategy presents superior performance in Dense NLOS environment.
Eave tubes for malaria control in Africa: Videographic observations of mosquito behaviour in Tanzania with a simple and rugged video surveillance system

Abstract Background Eave tubes are novel mosquito control devices that help to protect households against malaria vectors and other mosquitoes. They are installed in the upper walls of human habitations after the eaves have been closed. Mosquitoes trying to enter through these tubes are intercepted by electrostatic netting that can be treated with a variety of insecticides. Using video, mosquito behaviour and duration of contact with netting in eave tubes was recorded and analysed to assess contamination with insecticides under semi-field and field conditions. Materials and methods Off-the-shelf action cameras were used to observe behaviour of mosquitoes in eave tubes near Ifakara, Tanzania. In an experimental hut in a screen house, we observed Anopheles arabiensis females on electrostatic eave tube netting treated with bendiocarb powder or with Beauveria bassiana spores, both in comparison to untreated netting. In village houses that had been equipped with eave tubes we observed the behaviour of wild mosquitoes towards electrostatic netting treated with bendiocarb. Results were evaluated using a short-contact assay (5 second exposure). Results In the semi-field setup, the median contact time of An. arabiensis on bendiocarb-powdered eave tube nets was 276.4 sec (n=56), compared to 26.3 sec on the control (n=59). Of all the mosquitoes observed on the treated net, 94.6% had contact times of more than 5 seconds on the bendiocarb-powdered netting. The median time on nets powdered with B. bassiana spores was 34.4 sec (n=26), compared 37.1 sec in the untreated control (n=22). 88.5% of the mosquitoes spent more than 5 seconds on the treated nets. In the field we recorded 106 individual mosquitoes of unknown species inside tubes. They spent a median time of 70.9 sec on the bendiocarb-treated netting, with 90.6% remaining there for more than 5 seconds. Conclusions We have found no indication that the behaviour of mosquitoes on electrostatic eave tube netting, treated either with bendiocarb powder or with B. bassiana spores, interferes with successful transfer of lethal doses of these insecticidal actives. The videographic set-up used in this study is simple, sturdy and reliable enough to observe and analyse mosquito behaviour under field conditions.
An efficient model construction strategy to simulate microalgal lutein photo‐production dynamic process

Lutein is a high‐value bioproduct synthesized by microalga Desmodesmus sp. It has great potential for the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. However, in order to enhance its productivity and to fulfil its ever‐increasing global market demand, it is vital to construct accurate models capable of simulating the entire behavior of the complicated dynamics of the underlying biosystem. To this aim, in this study two highly robust artificial neural networks (ANNs) are designed for the first time. Contrary to conventional ANNs, these networks model the rate of change of the dynamic system, which makes them highly relevant in practice. Different strategies are incorporated into the current research to guarantee the accuracy of the constructed models, which include determining the optimal network structure through a hyper‐parameter selection framework, generating significant amounts of artificial data sets by embedding random noise of appropriate size, and rescaling model inputs through standardization. Based on experimental verification, the high accuracy and great predictive power of the current models for long‐term dynamic bioprocess simulation in both real‐time and offline frameworks are thoroughly demonstrated. This research, therefore, paves the way to significantly facilitate the future investigation of lutein bioproduction process control and optimization. In addition, the model construction strategy developed in this research has great potential to be directly applied to other bioprocesses. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2518–2527. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Genetic Approach for Gateway Placement in Wireless Mesh Networks

Recently, Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) has gained important roles in current communication technologies. It has been used in several applications, which the majorities of them are critical applications such as surveillance and rescue systems. Hence, the WMN attracts a bunch of attention from many researchers. WMN consists of mainly mesh clients (MC) s and mesh routers (MR) s, some of the latter are functionalized by additional functions to serve as internet gateways (IG) s. Thus, most of the network traffic is acting toward IGs. Therefore, the network performance largely depends on the MRs’ placement, especially the IGs. Since the gateway placement problem (GPP) has been proven as NP-Hard. Therefore, finding the optimal resolution is difficult or it takes polynomial time. Thus, finding near optimal solution is essential to improve the net operation. This paper proposes a novel approach to solve this problem using Genetic Algorithm (GA) to achieve a near optimal solution, considering the number of IGs and the number of hops that the packet traverses between the IG and the source/ destination MR (MR-IG). The main objective of the proposed approach is to minimize the variation of MR-IG- hop counts (VAR-MRIG-Hop) among MRs to insure that the IGs are placed in the appropriate positions. Finally, we evaluated the proposed algorithm using many generated instances using different parameters (population size, tournament size, crossover type, mutation type), the experimental results had shown that the high convergence rate using different parameters. Moreover, the algorithm has considerable scalability and robustness to solve the GPP in large and small networks as well as the positive significance of VAR-MR-IG-hop in comparison with the AVG-MR-IGhop on enhancing the network performance. Keywords: Wireless Mesh Network, Gateway Placement, Genetic Algorithm, optimization