Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Certificate of Need Regulation in the Nursing Home Industry: Has it Outlived its Usefulness?

The primary goals of the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act (P.L. 93-641) of 1974 were to (1) contain health care costs and (2) increase the accessibility and quality of health services. Certificate of need (CON) regulation and construction moratoria in the nursing home industry are an attempt to constrain health care costs by limiting the supply of nursing home beds. This type of regulation imposes a supply side constraint that creates a potential barrier to entry and in the presence of excess demand may cause a shortage of nursing home beds for those residents covered by Medicaid.Even though the Federal CON requirement lapsed in 1986, forty-two States and the District of Columbia continue to have a CON, a construction moratorium, or both for nursing home facilities. Yet maintaining these regulations comes with a cost. This paper investigates if differences exist in the quality of care and the access to care between nursing homes in those States without CON and/or construction moratorium and those States that still have such policies. Using data for the years 1991 through 2003 for all freestanding Medicaid-/Medicare-certified nursing home facilities in the United States and employing state and facility fixed effects models we find that Medicaid-eligible residents in those states without CON and/or construction moratorium policies have more access to a nursing home bed than those individuals in states with these policies. With respect to quality of care the results are mixed depending on the measure of quality that is employed. With the risk of becoming a nursing home resident at the age of 65 at 44 percent and at the age of 85 at 53 percent (Spillman and Lubitz 2002) coupled with the aging of the current population, the areas of quality of care and access to care remain important policy issues in the nursing home industry.
Beneficial effects of Aloe in wound healing

The therapeutic effects of Aloe vera have been examined in preventing progressive dermal ischaemia caused by burns, frostbite, electrical injury, distal dying flap and intra‐arterial drug abuse. In vivo analysis of these injuries showed that the mediator of progressive tissue damage was thromboxane A2 (TxA2). Experimentally Aloe was compared to a variety of antithromboxane agents to include U38450, a lodoxamide, a lazaroid and Carrington wound gel. In the burn injury Aloe was comparable to the lodoxamide and lazaroid with an 82% to 85% tissue survival when compared with the control and the Carrington wound gel (p=0.05). Tissue survival in the experimental frostbite injury was 28.2% when compared with the control (p=0.05). Similar results were obtained for the electrical injury, and intra‐arterial drug abuse. Clinically burn patients treated with Aloe healed without tissue loss as did those with frostbite (p=0.001). In the intra‐arterial drug abuse patients Aloe reversed the tissue necrosis. This therapeutic approach was used to prevent progressive tissue loss in each injury by actively inhibiting the localized production of TxA2. Aloe not only acts as a TxA2 inhibitor but maintains a homeostasis within the vascular endothelium as well as the surrounding tissue.
Heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty: clinical and pathogenetic investigation

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a frequent pathological phenomenon after total hip arthroplasty. Incidence of HO after the total hip arthroplasty (by metaanalysis) is in average 43%. The aim of the present study was to determine the sources of errors in the assessment-process of HO and, to reveal in which degree computer assistance can improve the reliability of assessment. Six investigators measured dimensionality of HO in x-rays of 28 patients applying method of digital planimetry. Main sources of errors were detected by dispersion model. The most important source of error in the HO assessment was the diagnosing process. This source consisted of two components: inter-observer variation that formed 25.5% (±8.0%; p=0.0015) of total error and intra-observer variation that formed 60.9% (±7.3%; p<0.0001). Technical performing error had less contribution in total error, namely 8.0% (±0.6%; p<0.0001) and subspecialiation of the investigators did not cause any systematic bias having a proportion of 5.7% (±4.9%; p=0.2457).
Microarray-based expression signatures: potential application for individualized cancer treatment

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Prescription and Over-the-Counter Options for Weight Loss

Prescription drugs have been available as weight loss aids in the United States for more than a century. Many different modes of action have been tried to effect weight loss. Most of the drugs require the patient to also initiate a low-calorie diet while on the medication. Mechanisms of action include centrally acting compounds that affect brain centers involved in mood, satiety, and hunger. Others act within the gastrointestinal tract to block fat absorption. Recently, use of several weight loss drugs has been associated with increased risk and adverse cardiovascular events, resulting in the removal of 1 approved drug from the market and the rejection of another compound from the Food and Drug Administration approval process. Nevertheless, the Food and Drug Administration did approve 2 new centrally acting drugs in 2012. Thus, today, there are a few new prescription drug choices for the physician treating an obese patient.
Woman Abuse: Facts Replacing Myths

Since family violence is a major public health problem, physicians are strongly encouraged to read this book. It shatters commonly held stereotypes about conjugal violence, most of which takes the form of woman abuse. The author's historical overview points out how, until recently, woman abuse had been legal for over 2 1/2 millennia, which creates attitudes that pervade western society. The book provides a good review of the literature on woman abuse, covering empirical findings of various studies regarding demographics and clinical descriptions of batterers and their victims. Results on the characteristics of the assaults, intervention seeking, and treatment outcomes are also covered. An unfavorable view of the utility of the psychoanalytic model for understanding woman abuse is given. Woman abuse is seen as being closely related to coercive control (eg, brainwashing), as both have the similar elements of the victim being a captive, confinement and abduction, projection of responsibility
Care and compromise: developing a conceptual framework for work-related stress

In this paper we argue that in the current global healthcare climate, practitioners’ ability to provide compassionate and high quality care is undermined on a daily basis, not least by the organisational priorities of cost containment, of science and technology and, paradoxically, innovations experienced as demands such as specialisation. It is not surprising that the financial and workforce constraints of the global healthcare system, now more than ever, affect the practitioners’ capacity to deliver the optimum level of care, care that is positively influenced by patient satisfaction, a current indicator of quality. Whilst the notions of quality and standards have increasingly become the concern of healthcare organizations, quality cannot be considered in isolation from the healthcare management and occupational health of the workforce. In this paper we argue that healthcare practitioners are especially vulnerable to stress because the very nature of caring as a profession demands high levels of emotional engagement and compromise. It is clear that at a time when healthcare systems are under-resourced and over-stretched, practitioners may experience additional stress, ironically at a time when services need to increase retention, recruitment and job satisfaction. We propose a conceptual framework of stress and compromise in relation to caring and a methodology for developing an intervention that would consider how compromise itself may be utilised and adapted to both alleviate stress and inform individual and professional development.
El extracto acuoso de Viscum album induce la expresión de las sintasas de óxido nítrico inducible y endotelial en corazón aislado y perfundido de cobayo: Evidencia del mecanismo de vasodilatación coronaria

Resumen Se evaluo farmacologicamente el efecto de unextracto acuoso de Viscum album en el modelode corazon aislado y perfundido segun Langen-dorff en corazones de cobayo macho normo-tensos, registrandose la resistencia vascular co-ronaria, la presion intraventricular izquierda, laliberacion de oxido nitrico en el liquido de per-fusion, la produccion de guanosin monofosfatociclico en tejido ventricular y la expresion de lassintasas de oxido nitrico inducible y endotelialpor Western Blot, en ausencia y presencia debloqueantes e inhibidores tales como clorurode gadolinio 6 µM, N ω -nitro- L -arginina metil es-ter 100 µM y 1 H -[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3- a ]quinoxalina-1-ona 10 µM. Se observo que elextracto acuoso de V. album induce un descen-so significativo en la resistencia vascular coro-naria, la cual cursa con incrementos sustancia-les en la produccion de oxido nitrico y guanosinmonofosfato ciclico. El analisis de la expresionde las sintasas de oxido nitrico indico que elextracto induce significativamente la expresionde ambas isoformas en corazon de cobayo. Ta-les efectos fueron inhibidos en presencia de losbloqueantes e inhibidores respectivos. Asi, lavasodilatacion de este extracto esta mediadapor la via oxido nitrico/guanilato ciclasa solu-ble. Adicionalmente, el extracto ejerce un efec-to inotropico positivo mediado por tiramina porun mecanismo de estimulacion β
Renin Angiotensin System in Cognitive Function and Dementia

Angiotensin II represents a key molecule in hypertension and cerebrovascular pathology. By promoting inflammation and oxidative stress, enhanced Ang II levels accelerate the onset and progression of cell senescence. Sustained activation of RAS promotes end-stage organ injury associated with aging and results in cognitive impairment and dementia. The discovery of the angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE2-angiotensin (1–7)-Mas receptor axis that exerts vasodilator, antiproliferative, and antifibrotic actions opposed to those of the ACE-Ang II-AT1 receptor axis has led to the hypothesis that a decrease in the expression or activity of angiotensin (1–7) renders the systems more susceptible to the pathological actions of Ang II. Given the successful demonstration of beneficial effects of increased expression of ACE2/formation of Ang1–7/Mas receptor binding and modulation of Mas expression in animal models in containing cerebrovascular pathology in hypertensive conditions and aging, one could reasonably hope for analogous effects regarding the prevention of cognitive decline by protecting against hypertension and cerebral microvascular damage. Upregulation of ACE2 and increased balance of Ang 1–7/Ang II, along with positive modulation of Ang II signaling through AT2 receptors and Ang 1–7 signaling through Mas receptors, may be an appropriate strategy for improving cognitive function and treating dementia.
KADINA YÖNELİK CİNSİYET AYRIMCILIĞI VE CAM TAVAN SENDROMU

Erkek egemen bir dunyada kadin, calisma hayatinda toplumsal, siyasi ve ekonomik yonden eril bir iktidar anlayisina maruz kalmaktadir. Kadin, toplumsal manada mesleklerin de cinsiyetinin belirlendigi baskin bir anlayisin icerisinde kamusal alani deneyimlemektedir. Kadinlarin ust duzey yonetici pozisyonlarina gelmelerinde karsilastiklari engeller, cinsiyet ayrimciligi konusunda en sik karsilasilan ornekler arasinda yer almaktadir. Yonetim literaturunde “cam tavan” olarak adlandirilan bu durum, kadinlarin ust yonetim kademelerine gelememe nedenleri arasinda yer almakta ve onlarin basari ve liyakatlerine bakilmaksizin ilerlemelerini engelleyen, acikca gorulmeyen ve ifade edilemeyen engellerin tamami olarak bilinmektedir. Bu durum, kadinlarin kariyer ilerlemelerini olumsuz etkiledigi kadar, yonetimde ciddi sorunlari da beraberinde getirmektedir. Calismada, literatur taramasina dayanarak “Cam Tavan” kavrami aciklanmis ve kadinlarin ust duzey yonetici pozisyonuna gelememelerindeki engeller aktarilmaya calisilmistir.
Airsickness Desensitisation for the Canadian Forces - A Recommendation

Abstract : Airsickness is associated with other forms of motion sickness. It is a common occurrence among aircrew trainees; the problem is most acute in the early stages of training. The identification of an alternative to pharmacological treatment of airsickness for individuals regularly exposed to provocative environments while carrying out skilled or potentially hazardous tasks, is an important issue. Airsickness desensitisation has been proposed and employed by various nations as the program of choice for prevention of airsickness during early training. With the newly acquired trainers (Harvard II and the Hawk) in the Canadian Forces (CF), it is important at this time to re-evaluate the CF airsickness desensitisation program at 15 Wing. The purpose of this recommendation is to provide a scientific update on habituation to nauseogenic motion stimuli, to clarify a number of misconceptions and to provide a recommendation on an improved airsickness desensitisation program based on current valid scientific information. A number of vestibular screening tests on oculomotor and postural function that could be achieved with relative ease are proposed as part of the initial assessment for potential pathological predisposition to airsickness. It is also recommended that the current biofeedback and relaxation therapy be deleted. Ground based desensitisation should be reduced to a 2-3 week period of twice daily exposure to Coriolis stimuli of progressively increasing intensity. This is followed immediately by 10-15 hours of exposure in which incremental habituation to the more complex and provocative manoeuvres are carried out. Quantitative evaluation of the subject's progress for both ground based and in flight desensitisation is recommended. An alternative ground based desensitisation procedure using the human centrifuge is proposed.
Multidisciplinary Oral Management in Cancer Therapy Part II: During Cancer Treatment

Post-therapy preventive and therapeutic strategies for dental management are essential. Usually most of the dental procedures that were postponed before and during oncologic therapy can be performed post therapy. This post-cancer therapy multidisciplinary oral management is directed at minimizing recurrence of disease, providing palliation, and improving the quality of life of patients. Hence, this paper provides a pathway of multidisciplinary oral management following cancer therapy.
n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, lipids and lipoproteins in end-stage renal disease

The increased mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is mainly caused by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Several risk factors for CVD are present in patients with ESRD, including a mixed dyslipidemia, specific for the uremic state. Randomized controlled trials in patients with ESRD are sparse and some cholesterol-lowering randomized controlled trials have had negative results. Both epidemiological and interventional data support a cardioprotective effect of an increased intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA). Several mechanisms could explain why n-3 PUFA have a beneficial effect on patients with CVD. Thus, the effects on lipids and triglycerides are especially well described. In patients with ESRD the effect of n-3 PUFA has only been sparsely studied. This article will provide an update on existing data concerning treatment with n-3 PUFA in patients with ESRD with a special focus on lipids and lipoproteins.
Poster: Causal Inference of Smartphone App Choice

In nowaday, there are more and more popular smartphone apps. It is important for us to know why a certain app is chosen and whether an alternative app will be selected if the reasons using this app are changing. Once we know the reasons of current app choice, it will be helpful for us to design better app or provide better services so that more users are attracted to use this app. In this paper, we propose a causal inference model to analyze the reasons why a certain app is used. In this model, we define a regret loss function to evaluate the causal influence of a cause on its effect after an intervention on this cause. And, we use maximum likelihood method to estimate the parameter of a tranfer distribution.
A Neural Network Prefetcher for Arbitrary Memory Access Patterns

Memory prefetchers are designed to identify and prefetch specific access patterns, including spatiotemporal locality (e.g., strides, streams), recurring patterns (e.g., varying strides, temporal correlation), and specific irregular patterns (e.g., pointer chasing, index dereferencing). However, existing prefetchers can only target premeditated patterns and relations they were designed to handle and are unable to capture access patterns in which they do not specialize. In this article, we propose a context-based neural network (NN) prefetcher that dynamically adapts to arbitrary memory access patterns. Leveraging recent advances in machine learning, the proposed NN prefetcher correlates program and machine contextual information with memory accesses patterns, using online-training to identify and dynamically adapt to unique access patterns exhibited by the code. By targeting semantic locality in this manner, the prefetcher can discern the useful context attributes and learn to predict previously undetected access patterns, even within noisy memory access streams. We further present an architectural implementation of our NN prefetcher, explore its power, energy, and area limitations, and propose several optimizations. We evaluate the neural network prefetcher over SPEC2006, Graph500, and several microbenchmarks and show that the prefetcher can deliver an average speedup of 21.3% for SPEC2006 (up to 2.3×) and up to 4.4× on kernels over a baseline of PC-based stride prefetcher and 30% for SPEC2006 over a baseline with no prefetching.
A Unified Framework with Multi-source Data for Predicting Passenger Demands of Ride Services

Ride-hailing applications have been offering convenient ride services for people in need. However, such applications still suffer from the issue of supply-demand disequilibrium, which is a typical problem for traditional taxi services. With effective predictions on passenger demands, we can alleviate the disequilibrium by pre-dispatching, dynamic pricing or avoiding dispatching cars to zero-demand areas. Existing studies of demand predictions mainly utilize limited data sources, trajectory data, or orders of ride services or both of them, which also lacks a multi-perspective consideration. In this article, we present a unified framework with a new combined model and a road-network-based spatial partition to leverage multi-source data and model the passenger demands from temporal, spatial, and zero-demand-area perspectives. In addition, our framework realizes offline training and online predicting, which can satisfy the real-time requirement more easily. We analyze and evaluate the performance of our combined model using the actual operational data from UCAR. The experimental results indicate that our model outperforms baselines on both Mean Absolute Error and Root Mean Square Error on average.
Towards Efficient NVDIMM-based Heterogeneous Storage Hierarchy Management for Big Data Workloads

In this paper, we propose a holistic solution to address several important and challenging issues in storage data management in light of emerging NVDIMM-based architecture: namely, new performance modeling, NVDIMM-based migration, and architectural support for NVDIMMs on migration optimization. In particular, a novel NVDIMM-based heterogeneous storage performance model is proposed to effectively address bus contention issues caused by placing NVDIMMs on the memory bus. We also develop an NVDIMM-based lazy migration scheme to effectively minimize adverse effects caused by memory traffic interferences during storage data management processes. Finally, the NVDIMM-based architectural support for migration optimization is proposed to increase channel parallelism in the destination NVDIMMs and bypass buffer caches in the source NVDIMMs, so that the impact of memory traffic can be alleviated. We present detailed evaluation and analysis to quantify how well our techniques can enhance the I/O performances of big workloads via efficient heterogeneous storage hierarchy management. Our experimental results show that overall the proposed techniques yield up to 98% performance improvement over the state-of-the-art techniques.
Impact of Data Preparation and CNN’s First Layer on Performance of Image Forensics: A Case Study of Detecting Colorized Images

In the field of image forensics, many convolutional neural network (CNN)-based forensic methods have been proposed and generally achieved the state-of-the-art performance. However, some questions are worth studying and answering regarding the trustworthiness of such methods, including for example the appropriateness of the discriminative information automatically extracted by CNN and the generalization performance on “unseen” data during the testing phase. In this paper, we study these questions in the case of a specific forensic problem of distinguishing between natural images (NIs) and colorized images (CIs). Through a series of experiments, we analyze the impact of data preparation and setting of the first layer of a recent state-of-the-art CNN-based method on the detector’s forensic performance, in particular the generalization capability. We obtain some interesting observations which can serve as useful hints for carrying out image forensics experiments. Moreover, we propose a very simple method to improve the generalization performance of colorized image detection by combining decision results from CNN models with different settings at the network’s first layer.
Towards answering “Am I on the right track?” automatically using program synthesis

Students learning to program often need help completing assignments and understanding why their code does not work as they expect it to. One common place where they seek such help is at teaching assistant office hours. We found that teaching assistants in introductory programming (CS1) courses frequently answer some variant of the question ``Am I on the Right Track? ''. The goal of this work is to develop an automated tool that provides similar feedback for students in real-time from within an IDE as they are writing their program. Existing automated tools lack the generality that we seek, often assuming a single approach to a problem, using hand-coded error models, or applying sample fixes from other students. In this paper, we explore the use of program synthesis to provide less constrained automated answers to ``Am I on the Right Track'' (AIORT) questions. We describe an observational study of TA-student interactions that supports targeting AIORT questions, as well as the development of and design considerations behind a prototype integrated development environment (IDE). The IDE uses an existing program synthesis engine to determine if a student is on the right track and we present pilot user studies of its use.