Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungen zur Modifikation von Aquaporinen aus Nicotiana tabacum

Die Aquaporine NtAQP1 und NtPIP2;1 aus Nicotiana tabacum als Vertreter der PIP1-bzw. PIP2–Proteinfamilie zeigten bei identischen Aminosaure-Sequenzen innerhalb der Selektivitatsfilter der Pore in funktionellen Tests unterschiedliche Leitfahigkeitscharakteristiken. Wahrend NtPIP2;1 eine hohe Wasserleitfahigkeit bedingte, erhohte sich diese fur Membranen die NtAQP1 enthielten fast nicht. Diese Arbeit sollte klaren wodurch dieser so deutliche funktionelle Unterschied verursacht wird. Hierzu wurden chimare Proteine aus NtAQP1 und NtPIP2;1 generiert. Der Austausch des N-Terminus von NtAQP1 mit dem von NtPIP2;1 erhohte die H2O-Leitfahigkeit des chimaren Proteins signifikant. Die entsprechenden Aminosauren des N-Terminus von NtPIP2;1 sind somit Teil des Mechanismus, welcher zum Funktionsunterschied fuhrt. Zudem konnte erstmalig gezeigt werden, dass zur H2O-Leitung von NtAQP1 die direkte Interaktion mit NtPIP2;1 notwendig ist indem das molare Verhaltnis von NtAQP1 und NtPIP2;1 in einem Heterotetramer in Bezug zur Wasserleitfahigkeit der Membran gesetzt wurde. Dies ist eine weitere Erklarung fur die offensichtlichen Unterschiede in der Funktion. Neben Protein-Protein-Wechselwirkungen sollen posttranslationale Modifikationen wie Phosphorylierung und Protonierung die Funktion von pflanzlichen PIP beeinflussen. Nach der Uberprufung der Wirkung von Modifikationen auf die Funktion von NtAQP1 und NtPIP2;1 konnte ein regulativer Einfluss von posttranslationaler Phosphorylierung auf die Funktion der beiden Aquaporine ausgeschlossen werden. Alleine die Protonierung modulierte, durch einen noch nicht beschriebenen Mechanismus, die H2O-Leitfahigkeit von NtPIP2;1.
Understanding Human Action. Integrating Meanings, Mechanisms, Causes, and Contexts

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Clinical applications of synthetic angiotensin II analogue.

[1-sarcosine, 8-isoleucine] angiotensin II ([sar1 ile8] A II), one of the synthetic angiotensin II analogs, is a potent and 'long-lasting angiotensin II antagonist, whose competitive antagonism against pressor action of angiotensin II has been demonstrated in laboratory animals. Herein preliminary results of clinical applications of this compound were presented. There were no appreciable changes in urinalysis, complete blood counts and other routine laboratory tests, 6 and 24 hours after i.v. administration of 0.25mg [sar1, ile8] A 11 in 5 normal men. Transient elevation of blood pressure was observed after i.v. injection of 0.25mg for five minutes but not after i.v. infusion of the same dose for 30 minutes. Dose-related blockade of angiotensin II induced hypertension. was seen by concomitant administration of [sar1, ile8 J A II. The anti-angiotensin 11 action of [sar1 ile8 J A 11 became manifest in 5 minutes after the initiation of [sar1, ile8] A 11 infusion and lasted as long as 1 hour after the cessation of the infusion. The effect of this compound was tested in selected kinds of human hypertension. No reduction of blood pressure was observed in 6 subjects with essential hypertension. One subject with malignant hypertension and one with angiography-proved unilateral renovascular hypertension showed more than 20mmHg reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, whose duration of hypertension was estimated to be less than one year. Seven other hypertensive subjects, renovascular or malignant, showed negative response and one other subject with renovascular hypertension showed intermediate response to [sar1, ile8] A II. It appears that [sar1, ile8] A 11 per se does not have property of reducing blood pressure and that it reduces blood pressure by conuteracting angiotensin II. It is suggested that angiotensin 11 is involved in the development and/or main-tenanee of human hypertension at least of relatively short duration, acompanied by elevated plasma renin activity.
The absolute Galois group acts faithfully on regular dessins and on Beauville surfaces

Beauville surfaces are an important kind of algebraic surfaces introduced by Catanese. They are rigid surfaces of general type defined over number fields. We prove that, for any σ∈Gal(Q¯/Q) different from the identity and the complex conjugation, there is a Beauville surface S such that S and its Galois conjugate Sσ have non‐isomorphic fundamental groups. This in turn easily implies that the action of Gal(Q¯/Q) on the set of isomorphism classes of Beauville surfaces is faithful. These results were conjectured by Bauer, Catanese and Grunewald, and immediately imply that Gal(Q¯/Q) acts faithfully on the connected components of the moduli space of surfaces of general type, a result due to the above‐mentioned authors. These results on Beauville surfaces heavily depend on the fact that the absolute Galois group acts faithfully on regular dessins, a result that we prove in this paper. Moreover, we show the stronger result that the action is faithful on the set of quasiplatonic (or triangle) curves of any given hyperbolic type.
Thyroid pathologies accompanying primary hyperparathyroidism: a high rate of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE Thyroid pathologies and non-medullary thyroid cancer often accompany primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). The purpose of this study was to examine the association between thyroid diseases, especially micropapillary thyroid cancer, with PHPT. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data regarding 46 patients who were operated on with a diagnosis of PHPT at Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Clinic between June 2009 and March 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Age, gender, levels of preoperative calcium, parathyroid hormone and phosphorus, and the histopathological results of the removed parathyroid and thyroid tissues were evaluated. All of the patients had a preoperative diagnosis of PHPT and there was no history of radiation to the head and neck region in any of the patients. RESULTS Out of the 46 patients who were operated on for PHPT, 39 were female and 7 were male. The mean age was 52.8 years (25-76). Simultaneous thyroidectomy was performed in 35 patients (76.1%) due to an accompanying thyroid disorder. Papillary microcarcinoma was detected in 5 of these 35 (10.9%) patients who underwent thyroidectomy, two of which (40%) were multifocal tumors. The benign thyroid pathologies detected in the remaining 30 (65.2%) cases included lymphocytic thyroiditis in 3, Hashimoto thyroiditis in 1, follicular adenoma in 3 (two of which was Hurtle cell), and nodular colloidal goiter in 23 patients. The preoperative serum phosphate level was significantly higher in the group with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (p=0.013). CONCLUSION In regions where goiter is endemic, thyroid diseases and thyroid papillary microcarcinoma occur in association with PHPT at a higher rate compared to the normal population. Therefore, we believe that patients who are planned for surgery due to PHPT should be thoroughly investigated for the presence of any concomitant malignant thyroid pathologies in the preoperative period. It should also be kept in mind that patients with high blood serum phosphate values may have an increased risk of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.
Verifying Equivalence of Spark Programs Technical Report 1-Nov-2016

Spark is a popular framework for writing large scale data processing applications. Our goal is to develop tools for reasoning about Spark programs. This is challenging because Spark programs combine database-like relational algebraic operations and aggregate operations with User Defined Functions (UDF s). We present the first technique for verifying the equivalence of Spark programs. We model Spark as a programming language whose semantics imitates Relational Algebra queries (with aggregations) over bags (multisets) and allows for UDFs expressible in Presburger Arithmetics. While the problem of checking equivalence is undecidable in general, we present a sound technique for verifying the equivalence of an interesting class of Spark programs, and show that it is complete under certain restrictions. We implemented our technique in a prototype tool, and used it to verify the equivalence of a few small, but intricate, open-source Spark programs.
Influence of recombinant bovine cytokines on proliferation of a bovine mammary epithelial cell line.

Mastitis continues to cause large economic losses to the dairy industry. Intramammary infusion of recombinant bovine interleukin-lB (rBoIL-II3) or interleukin-2 (rBoIL-2) has been proposed for enhancing the cellular immune response of the bovine mammary gland to combat intramammary infections (lMI) during lactation (Daley et aI., 1991) and the nonlactating period (Nickerson et aI., 1989). Efficacy of cytokines for prevention and treatment of IMI may depend on the timing of cytokine administration. It is also important to consider effects of cytokines on mammary epithelial cell prolifera-tion and function which may influence milk yield.
In Search of the Elusive Holy Grail: the Mechanisms and Prospects for Achieving Clinical Transplantation Tolerance

In 1953, Billingham, Brent and Medawar published their famous paper reporting the first successful induction of transplantation tolerance using experimental manipulation. During the 48 years that have passed since then, perhaps as many as 48 additional strategies for tolerance induction have been described in small animal models. Nonetheless, clinical organ transplantation is still performed with nonspecific immunosuppressive drugs, and no tolerance-inducing protocol has yet moved into large clinical trials. Why has it proven to be so difficult to translate the laboratory findings into clinical practice?
The Role of Cognitive Reserve in Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury

Objective: To examine whether cognitive reserve (CR) attenuates the initial impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on cognitive performance (neural reserve) and results in faster cognitive recovery rates in the first year postinjury (neural compensation), and whether the advantage of CR differs on the basis of the severity of TBI. Setting: Inpatient/outpatient clinics at an academic medical center. Participants: Adults with mild TBI (mTBI; n = 28), complicated mild TBI (cmTBI; n = 24), and moderate to severe TBI (msevTBI; n = 57), and demographically matched controls (n = 66). Design: Retrospective, longitudinal cohort assessed at 1, 6, and 12 months postinjury. Main Measures: Outcomes were 3 cognitive domains: processing speed/executive function, verbal fluency, and memory. Premorbid IQ, estimated with the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading, served as CR proxy. Results: Higher premorbid IQ was associated with better performance on cognitive domains at 1 month postinjury, and the effect of IQ was similarly beneficial for all groups. Cognitive recovery rate was moderated only by TBI severity; those with more severe TBI had faster recovery in the first year. Conclusion: Results support only the neural reserve theory of CR within a TBI population and indicate that CR is neuroprotective, regardless of the degree of TBI. Higher premorbid CR does not allow for more rapid adaptation and recovery from injury.
Cardiovascular risk in vegetarians and omnivores: a comparative study.

5 Silva CC, Zanine AM, Lirio VS. Análise do desempenho brasileiro no mercado internacional de carne bovina. Revista Eléctronica de Veterinária. 2005; 6 (11): 1-23. Dear Editor, We congratulate the authors on the publication of their article in this journal (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2007; 89 (4): 237-44). Obesity is clearly associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Much of this risk is due to the increase in other risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemias. Eating habits are also implicated in cardiovascular risk factors. Thus, several diets have been proposed, and the one that currently shows the greatest cardiovascular benefit is the Mediterranean diet, which consists mainly of fruits, grains, vegetables, and unsaturated fat1-4. This observational study concluded that the unbalanced omnivorous diet implies a greater cardiovascular risk. Data presented in Table 1 showed higher values of BMI, WHR, total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, glucose, urea, and Na/K in the omnivorous diet group. However, it is worth pointing out that BMI considered alone variesbetween the two groups; the mean BMI in the vegetarian group (22.6) was lower than that of the omnivorous group (26.7). This difference may be related to the increased levels of lipids and glucose found in the study, thus increasing the cardiovascular risk. Also worth pointing out is the type of Brazilian beef
Enhanced osteogenesis on titanium implants by UVB photofunctionalization of hydrothermally grown TiO2 coatings

Even though Ti-based implants are the most used materials for hard tissue replacement, they may present lack of osseointegration on the long term, due to their inertness. Hydrothermal treatment (HT) is a useful technique for the synthesis of firmly attached, highly crystalline coatings made of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2), providing favorable nanoroughness and higher exposed surface area, as well as greater hydrophilicity, compared to the native amorphous oxide on pristine titanium. The hydrophilicity drops even more by photofunctionalization of the nanostructured TiO2-anatase coatings under UV light. Human mesenchymal stem cells exhibited a good response to the combination of the positive surface characteristics, especially in respect to the UVB pre-irradiation. The results showed that the cells were not harmed in terms of viability; even more, they were encouraged to differentiate in osteoblasts and to become osteogenically active, as confirmed by the calcium ion uptake and the formation of well-mineralized, bone-like nodule structures. In addition, the enrichment of hydroxyl groups on the HT-surfaces by UVB photofunctionalization accelerated the cell differentiation process and greatly improved the osteogenesis in comparison with the nonirradiated samples. The optimal surface characteristics of the HT-anatase coatings as well as the high potentiality of the photo-induced hydrophilicity, which was reached during a relatively short pre-irradiation time (5 h) with UVB light, can be correlated with better osseointegration ability in vivo; among the samples, the superior biological behavior of the roughest and most hydrophilic HT coating makes it a good candidate for further studies and applications.
The Effect of Situation-Specific Non-Speech Acoustic Cues on the Intelligibility of Speech in Noise

In everyday life, speech is often accompanied by a situation-speciﬁc acoustic cue; a hungry bark as you ask ‘Has anyone fed the dog? ’. This paper investigates the effect such cues have on speech intelligibility in noise and evaluates their interaction with the established effect of situation-speciﬁc semantic cues. This work is motivated by the introduction of new object-based broadcast formats, which have the potential to optimise intelligibility by controlling the level of individual broadcast audio elements, at point of service. Results of this study show that situation-speciﬁc acoustic cues alone can improve word recognition in multi-talker babble by 69.5%, a similar amount to semantic cues. The combination of both semantic and acoustic cues provide further improvement of 106.0% compared with no cues, and 18.7% compared with semantic cues only. Interestingly, whilst increasing subjective intelligibility of the target word, the presence of acoustic cues degraded the objective intelligibility of the speech-based semantic cues by 47.0% (equivalent to reducing the speech level by 4.5 dB). This paper discusses the interactions between the two types of cues and the implications that these results have for assessing and improving the intelligibility of broadcast speech.
A Novel Approach For Intranet Mailing For Providing User Authentication

With the explosion of the public Internet and e-commerce, private computers, and computer networks, if not adequately secured, are increasingly vulnerable to damaging attacks. Hackers, viruses, vindictive employees and even human error all represent clear and present dangers to networks. Various antidotes that are in fact inextricable with security issues are - Cryptography, Authentication, Integrity and Non Repudiation, Key Distribution and certification, Access control by implementing Firewalls etc.The main idea of this paper is to overcome the PGP's(Pretty Good Privacy) main limitation of incomplete non-repudiation Service, which increases the degree of security and efficiency of an email message communication through NRR(Non-Repudiation of Receipt) and including PGPs original feature of NRO(Non-Repudiation of Origin), and there it assures new security service of Mutual Non-Repudiation (MNR) .
Education Quality Process Model and Its Influence on Students' Perceived Service Quality

Service quality has become an important topic in the services marketing literature because it affects the cost, profitability, customer satisfaction, and customer retention (Buzzell & Gale, cited in Buttle, 1996; Bolton & Drew, 1991; Reichheld & Sasser, 1990). As such, it is crucial to identify the determinants of the students’ perceived service quality in higher education. The aim of this research is to investigate the determinants of students’ perceived service quality for a private higher education institution in Malaysia, based on the process model of education quality. A total of 458 undergraduate business students from a private university in Malaysia participated in this research. The research found that quality of librarians, staff responsiveness from the Division of Examinations and Awards, curriculum, amount of recreational activities, and the process model of education quality are positively related to the students’ perceived service quality.
Capacitated Next Controller Placement in Software Defined Networks

Software defined networking shifts the control plane of forwarding devices to one or more external entities known as controllers. Determining the optimal location of controllers in the network and the assignment of switches to them is widely known as controller placement problem. In case of controller failures, the switches are disconnected from the controller until they are reassigned to other active controllers with enough spare capacity. However, there is a significant upsurge in the worst case latency after the reassignment due to lack of planning for controller failures. In this paper, we propose a controller placement strategy that not only considers reliability and capacity of controllers but also plans ahead for controller failures to avoid repeated administrative intervention, drastic increase in latency and disconnections. It is formulated as a mixed integer linear program. The objective is to minimize the maximum, for all switches, of the sum of the latency from the switch to the nearest controller with enough capacity (first reference controller) and the latency from the first reference controller to its closest controller with enough capacity (second reference controller). We also proposed a generalized model which can be used to minimize the average latency and extended it for multiple controller failures. Furthermore, we presented a simulated annealing heuristic that efficiently solves the problem on large scale networks. The proposed formulation and heuristic are evaluated on various networks from the Internet Topology Zoo. Simulation results show that our proposed method performs better than the controller placement that does not plan ahead for failures.
A data model in XML Schema for an Inference and Diagnostic framework

Data models play an important role in making an application easy to adopt in an industrial environment. In this paper, we discuss a data model built in XML Schema for supporting a framework for Inference and Diagnostics. The framework uses a probabilistic inference engine based on Bayesian networks. The primary function of the framework is to infer the possible cause for malfunctioning of a system from the symptoms or deviations from the normal behavior exhibited by the system. The data model not only supports building of Bayesian networks, it also enables building the repair strategies to put the system back into action. Another important feature of this data model is that it also supports the hierarchical component model, a model based diagnosis method which enables analyzing the system at different levels of abstraction. The paper discusses the data model in the context of the application being used, the way it is employed to represent Bayesian networks and also in the context of folding of Bayesian network according to the level of abstraction chosen. We conclude with a comparison of our effort with the existing efforts in the literature.
Measuring social relationships The Interview Schedule for Social Interaction

SYNOPSIS It is generally recognized that social relationships occupy a central position in psychiatry. To examine the role of social relationships in the onset of minor psychiatric morbidity it is necessary to construct an instrument which will meet the need for a valid, reliable and comprehensive index of social relationships. Such an instrument has now been developed and used in a sample of the general population. The Interview Schedule for Social Interaction arose from a research need, and was constructed to assess the availability and perceived adequacy for any individual of a number of facets of social relationships. These consist both of persons and of the provisions obtained through them. Data from a general population sample suggest this instrument to be sufficiently valid and reliable, and also sensitive to predictable variations between sociodemographic groups, to justify its use in clinical and epidemiological studies, both in psychiatry and general medicine.
Different studies on Classification and Detection of Lesion in Mammograms

Classification and detection abnormal Mammography application is extremely valuable if there should arise an occurrence of analyze, checking and evaluating Lesion. Be that as it may, mechanized Lesion Detection in MAMMOGRAPHY postures many difficulties as to qualities of a picture. Numerous strategies are included to recognize the injury in the medicinal pictures such watershed, picture Detection, Image Detection technique is embraced here for assessing their relative execution in the Detection of Lesion. The principle challenge in the mammography is to recognize calcium part and real injury or benign. In this present paper we have illuminate distinctive reviews on sore discovery and grouping in mammograms. Keywords— Image Detection Mammograms, Benign.