Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Virtual-World eye-tracking: The efficacy of replicating word processing effects remotely

Psycholinguistic research has generated detailed models of moment-to-moment language processing, and has increasingly turned to virtual methods that recruit diverse participants, yield large sample sizes, and remain pandemic-proof. However, there is substantial uncertainty about the feasibility and sensitivity of measurements from remote settings. While methods such as self-paced reading and acceptability judgements replicate well online [1], it is unknown whether fine-grained effects (e.g., within word recognition) will be observable. Recent attempts using visual-world eye-tracking have relied on automatic gaze-detection (e.g., [2,3]), but this requires calibration and can have limited accuracy. To validate the efficacy of remote eye-tracking for word processing, the present study employed a novel webcam paradigm (via PCIbex [4]) to semi-replicate Experiment 1 in Allopenna et al., 1998 [5]. This landmark study (cited over 1600 times) revealed listeners’ incremental activation of phonemic competitors during spoken-word recognition. It is an ideal candidate for validating remote testing, since real-time fixations track the extent to which subtle acoustic changes incrementally alter predictions of word identity. It has been replicated in laboratory settings (e.g., [6]), but, to our knowledge, not remotely.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ALKALOIDS EXTRACT FROM PEGANUM HARMALA L. SEEDS AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND KLEBSILLA PNEUMONIA ISOLATED FROM BURNS.

Medicinal plants are source for a wide variety of natural antioxidants and are used for the treatment of diseases throughout the world. Peganum harmala L. widely planted all over Iraq and has different secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, flavonoids and oils which have been used in treatment of anemia, cancer, fever, diarrhea, antibacterial activity and to stimulate the nervous system . The seeds of harmal collection from the local markets in Baghdad the alkaloid compounds in the seeds of P. harmala was extract than detriment by HPLC The results showed that the extract contains five alkaloids compound (Harmol, Harmalol, Harmane, Harmaline and Harmine). The antibacterial activity assessed against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsilla Pneumonia collected from patients with burn infection. The selected bacteria was significant sensitive to the Ciprofloxacin which reached 30 mm for both S. aureus and K. pneumonia. While antibacterial effect was seen on Staph. aureus and K. Pneumonia resistant to the antibiotics it belong to 4,3 respectively from 10 antibiotics, otherwise The best effect of the alkaloids extract on the selected bacteria at 200 mg /ml with inhibition zone are (19, 20 mm) for S. aureus and K. pneumonia, respectively. The efficacy of extract in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on the concentration was 4 mg /ml for Staph and the 8 mg /ml for Klebsilla the efficacy of extract in terms of minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) on the concentration is (8,16) mg /ml to Staph and Klebsilla respectively.
A nationwide census on wifi security threats: prevalence, riskiness, and the economics

Carrying over 75% of the last-mile mobile Internet traffic, WiFi has inevitably become an enticing target for various security threats. In this work, we characterize a wide variety of real-world WiFi threats at an unprecedented scale, involving 19 million WiFi access points (APs) mostly located in China, by deploying a crowdsourced security checking system on 14 million mobile devices in the wild. Leveraging the collected data, we reveal the landscape of nationwide WiFi threats for the first time. We find that the prevalence, riskiness, and breakdown of WiFi threats deviate significantly from common understandings and prior studies. In particular, we detect attacks at around 4% of all WiFi APs, uncover that most WiFi attacks are driven by an underground economy, and provide strong evidence of web analytics platforms being the bottleneck of its monetization chain. Further, we provide insightful guidance for defending against WiFi attacks at scale, and some of our efforts have already yielded real-world impact---effectively disrupted the WiFi attack ecosystem.
Bootstrap inference under cross‐sectional dependence

In this paper, we introduce a method of generating bootstrap samples with unknown patterns of cross‐ sectional/spatial dependence, which we call the spatial dependent wild bootstrap. This method is a spatial counterpart to the wild dependent bootstrap of Shao (2010) and generates data by multiplying a vector of independently and identically distributed external variables by the eigendecomposition of a bootstrap kernel. We prove the validity of our method for studentized and unstudentized statistics under a linear array representation of the data. Simulation experiments document the potential for improved inference with our approach. We illustrate our method in a firm‐level regression application investigating the relationship between firms' sales growth and the import activity in their local markets using unique firm‐level and imports data for Canada.
A facile one-pot route for the controllable growth of small sized and well-dispersed ZnO particles on GO-derived graphene

In this study, we reported the growth of well dispersed ZnO nanoparticles with small size of about 10 nm on GO-derived graphene via a facile solvothermal method, in which the Zn–EG–Ac complex, graphitic oxide (GO) and ethanol were selected as the Zn precursor, graphene precursor and solvent respectively. The Zn–EG–Ac with plenty of functional groups can interact with the functional groups (COOH, OH) on GO, and thus transform in situ on GO into well-dispersed ZnO without the need of additional alkali. Besides, as solvent, the ethanol also plays the role of a reducing agent that could reduce GO to GO-derived graphene under solvothermal conditions, excluding the use of additional reducing agents. The results indicated that the Zn–EG–Ac precursor was crucial for the formation of the small-sized and well-dispersed ZnO on graphene. Replacing the Zn–EG–Ac complex with Zn(Ac)2, free ZnO with large size (up to μm) could be observed. In addition, other parameters, such as the amount of the reagent and the kind of solvent, also played an important role in determining the micro-structure of the final composites. It needs to be mentioned that we have found the existence of a strong interaction between ZnO and the graphene substrate based on the results of XPS measurements. The interaction was important for improving the performance of the composite; typically, the photocatalytic performance as shown by the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Overall, our work provides a new avenue for fabricating a ZnO/graphene composite in terms of its simplicity, small size and the good dispersion of ZnO on the graphene, as well as its good performance for photocatalysis applications.
The reaction O+2+CH4 → CH3O+2+H studied from 20 to 560 K in a supersonic jet and in a SIFT

Rate coefficients k have been determined for the reaction O+2+CH4 → CH3O+2+H at several temperatures in the uniquely wide temperature range 20–560 K using a new expanding jet (CRESU) apparatus and a selected ion flow tube (SIFT) apparatus. In the overlapping temperature range of the experiments the rate coefficients are in excellent agreement. A minimum is observed in the rate constant near 300 K but the outstanding feature is the rapid increase at low temperatures from the minimum value k (290 K)=5.4×10−12 cm3 s−1 to k (20 K)=4.7×10−10 cm3 s−1, the latter being about half of the collisional limiting value kc for the reaction (kc=1.16×10−9 cm3 s−1). Indeed the data show that k → kc as T → 0 K and the low temperature values can be fitted to a power law of the form k=1.1×10−7 T−1.8. The results strongly indicate that the CH3O+2 product ion is formed via rearrangement in a long‐lived intermediate (CH4O2)+ complex, the lifetime against unimolecular decomposition of which largely controls the rate of the react.
Just In Time

There are over three million people living with epilepsy in the U.S. People with epilepsy experience multiple daily challenges such as seizures, social isolation, social stigma, experience of physical and emotional symptoms, medication side effects, cognitive and memory deficits, care coordination difficulties, and risks of sudden unexpected death. In this work, we report findings collected from 3 focus groups of 11 people with epilepsy and caregivers revisionand 10 follow-up questionnaires. We found that these participants feel that most people do not know how to deal with seizures. To improve others' abilities to respond safely and appropriately to someone having seizures, people with epilepsy and caregivers would like to share and educate the public about their epilepsy conditions, reduce common misconceptions about seizures and prevent associated stigma, and get first aid help from the public when needed. Considering social stigma, we propose design implications of future technologies for effective delivery of appropriate first aid care information to bystanders around individuals with epilepsy when they experience a seizure.
University of Birmingham Facies-dependent 13 C variation and diagenetic overprinting at the onset of the Sturtian glaciation in North-East Greenland

• Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. • Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. • User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (? ) • Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain.
Genetic variations in the Myostatin gene affecting growth traits in sheep

Background and Aim: Sheep productivity in developing countries is crucial, as this animal is an essential source of meat and wool. Myostatin (MSTN) plays an important role in the regulation of muscle mass through the regulation of muscle growth, differentiation, and regeneration. The present study sought to investigate genetic variation in the first intron of the MSTN gene and the association of variants with growth traits in major sheep breeds in Egypt (Barki, Ossimi, and Rahmani) and Saudi Arabia (Najdi) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected, and DNA was extracted from 75 animals. A 386 bp fragment in the first intron of the MSTN gene was amplified using PCR. Polymorphic sites were detected using direct sequencing and then correlated with growth traits using a general linear model. Results: Sequence analysis of the first intron of MSTN gene identified six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the studied breeds. Four mutual SNPs were determined: c.18 G>T, c.241 T>C, c.243 G>A, and c.259 G>T. In addition, two SNPs c.159 A>T and c.173 T>G were monomorphic (AA and TT, respectively) in the Ossimi, Rahmani, and Najdi breeds and polymorphic in the Barki breed. The association analysis revealed that the c.18 G>T and c.241 C>T significantly associated (p<0.05) with birth weight and average daily weight gain, respectively. Conclusion: Our results strongly support MSTN as a candidate gene for marker-assisted selection in sheep breeding programs. Furthermore, the identified variants may be considered as putative markers to improve growth traits in sheep.
Assessment of climate change impact on high flows in a watershed characterized by flood regulating reservoirs

A climate-induced extreme flow event such as flooding is one of the most devastating natural hazards, which can significantly damage human lives and properties. This study examined the effects of climate change on the high flow conditions in the Great Miami River Watershed in Ohio under two emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). Streamflow for the 21st century was simulated by utilizing a watershed model - SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and 10 different climate outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5). The future streamflow was divided into three equal periods: 2016-2043 (early century), 2044-2071 (mid-century), and 2072-2099 (late century) and independently analyzed to compare high flows of respective intervals with baseline periods (1988-2015). The analysis predicted that 7-day, 10-year high-flow (7Q10) would increase by 38% under RCP 4.5 and 44% under RCP 8.5. Similarly, the annual peak flows for study periods were predicted to increase by 26% under RCP 4.5 and 38% under RCP 8.5 from the base period. However, the analysis demonstrated an erratic response for monthly peaks indicating that the peak flow would increase in summer months - May and July to October. Meanwhile, the result did not show any significant increase during the winter season, especially from November to April. The analysis of the four major dams located in the watershed showed that the dam’s peak discharges increase in January, May, and September. Even though increasing peaks were projected in September for the 21st century, the monthly peaks from the watershed outlet were found to be lowest in September as compared to other months. The frequency of future flooding compared to the historical record was found to be increasing in the mid-century under RCP 4.5 and the late century under RCP 8.5. As the future flood is projected to increase, this study finds the reasonable impact of climate change on flood regulating reservoirs/dams in monthly flows. However, daily high flows (90th percentile flow) would be increasing significantly (44% to 250%) under RCP 8.5. Keywords: climate change, high flows, SWAT, Great Miami River Watershed, flood regulating reservoir, assessment DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe. 20211401.5883 Citation: Shrestha S, Sharma S. Assessment of climate change impact on high flows in a watershed characterized by flood regulating reservoirs. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2021; 14(1): 178–191.
Three-Step Screening for Salinity Tolerance in Ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L.) Sprague ex Turrill)

Ajowan is an important medicinal plant that grows mainly in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. To evaluate salinity tolerance of 25 Iranian ajowan ecotypes, threestep screening was conducted at germination, seedling, and adult plant growth stages using 0, 50, 100 and 150 mM of NaCl. The significant effects of salinity were observed at the three studied growth stages of ajowan ecotypes. Germination percentage, seed vigor, and biomass dry weight of investigated ecotypes decreased with the increase in NaCl levels. Different responses were observed among ajowan ecotypes in terms of activity of antioxidant enzymes of catalase and peroxidase, with the increasing salinity stress levels . Under the salinity stress, the proline content increased in the majority of the investigated ecotypes. Salinity stress had adverse effects on single plant seed yield and yield components. Results of the calculated correlation coefficient and path coefficient analysis showed that activity of catalase antioxidant enzyme and 1,000-seed weight were the most important characteristics that can be suggested as selection criteria for seed yield of ajowan under salinity stress conditions. The overall results suggest that nine Iranian ajowan ecotypes including Arak, Felaverjan, Ghoom, Hamedan, Karaj, Ghaen, Tehran, Yazd, and Shiraz were the salinity-tolerant ecotypes.
ON THE MECHANISM OF EARLY RAPID REMOVAL OF ELECRONS FROM POSTADIABATICALLY EXPANDING OVERDENSE METEOR TRAINS

1 Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 3B7, Canada (e-mail: reynold.silber@uwo.ca), 2 Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA, 06912 (e-mail: elizabeth_silber@brown.edu), 3 Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland (email: maria.gritsevich@helsinki.fi), 4 Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Mira St. 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia, 5 INCAS National Institute for Aerospace Research "Elie Carafoli", Flow Physics Department, Numerical Simulation Unit, Bucharest 061126, Romania, 6 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7 Canada
Unsupervised Anomaly Detection in Heterogeneous Network Time Series with Mixed Sampling Rates

Identifying anomalies in a collection of heterogeneous time series ﬁnds a variety of important applications in diverse domains, ranging from smart city to network security analysis. An underappreciated problem from these applications is how to detect and understand anomalies in heterogeneous time series with mixed sampling rates . In this paper we develop an unsupervised learning approach that harnesses the power of both stacked recurrent au-toencoder and statistical Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) to learn temporal anomalies from heterogeneous time series. The primary advantage of the proposed method is that it can identify subtle but statistically signiﬁcant abnormal patterns in a large set of highly dynamic and unpredictable signals. In addition, a single detection model trained by the proposed method remains effective robustly for temporal sequences with different sampling rates without any model retraining. Through extensive qualitative and quantitative analysis, we demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods considerably, attaining a performance improvement of up to 13% in terms of area under curve (AUC) score.
Differential retention and utilization of dissolved organic carbon by bacteria in river sediments

The differential ability of natural sediment biofilms to store and metabolize specific dissolved organic carbon (DOC) fractions was studied with a set of perfusion experiments that combined a chromatographic method for the analysis of several DOC fractions with the measurement of bacterial abundance and activity. High proportions of low‐molecular‐weight substances and polysaccharides and low but significant proportions of humic substances were retained in sediment cores after perfusion. Bacterial abundance and production in these cores were high (1.7—3.0 × 109 cells cm−3 and 0.7—12.0 µg C cm−3 h−1, respectively). Bacterial abundance, production, and turnover times were correlated with the retention of various DOC fractions, especially polysaccharides, indicating a differential microbial utilization of DOC. Temperature as well as the quantity and quality of retained organic matter were the major factors that influenced bacterial production. However, particulate organic carbon represented the main energy source for sediment bacteria. It is concluded that certain fractions of DOC may be readily utilized for bacterial growth, irrespective of molecular size. Instead, the presence and abundance of specific chemical groups might be decisive. Hence, the processing of organic substrates by the microbial biofilm may largely influence the biogeochemistry of DOC in river waters.
Health Status and its Determinants in East African Countries: Implications for Public Health Intervention

Quick Response Code Abstract: This study aims to investigate and examine the influence of health related variables, socioeconomic factors and environmental indicators on the health status of East African countries which is proxied by life expectancy and assesses the link between public health intervention and health outcomes. Panel dataset from 2000 to 2016 for 11 East African countries was used to estimate the results. Nine variables related to health, socioeconomic and environmental factors that are predicted to potentially influence life expectancy are selected based on the available literature. To ensure the robustness of the result of the study, two estimation methods, which are widely used with panel data analysis namely; Pooled OLS and Fixed and Random Effects models are used. The estimation results suggest that under five mortality rates, HIV prevalence, the practice of open defecation, and carbon dioxide emissions have a negative and statistically significant effect on life expectancy. On the other hand, access to basic drinking water, immunization against measles, net official development assistance and foreign aid as well as urbanization has statistically significant positive effects on life expectancy. Furthermore, assessment of the linkage between the regression results and public health intervention confirms the need for a concerted and coordinated public health intervention strategy to address population health problems and strengthen and maintain the achievements in healthcare outcomes, observed in the study period, in the East Africa region.
Hybrid Recommendation System For Movies

---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Hybrid Recommendation System for Movies uses the combination of collaborative and content based filtering in the context of web-based recommender systems. In particular, we will link the well-known Movie Lens rating data with supplementary IMDB content information. The resulting network of user-item relations and associated content features will be converted into a unified mathematical model, which is applicable to our underlying neighbor-based prediction algorithm. By means of various experiments, we will demonstrate the influence of supplementary user as well as item features on the prediction accuracy of our proposed hybrid recommender. In order to decrease system runtime and to reveal latent user and item relations, we will factorize our hybrid model via singular value decomposition (SVD). Due to the enormous amount of information available online, the need for highly developed personalisation and filtering systems is growing permanently. Recommendation systems constitute a specific type of information filtering that attempt to present items according to the interests expressed by a user