Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transmission Line Fault Location in MMC-HVDC Grids Based on Dynamic State Estimation and Gradient Descent

This paper proposes a new fault location method for transmission lines in MMC-HVDC grids based on dynamic state estimation (DSE) and gradient descent. The method only requires a short data window of 5 ms after the occurrence of the fault and therefore is applicable for MMC-HVDC grids with high-speed tripping techniques. The method first builds a high-fidelity linear dynamic model of the DC transmission line, which accurately describes physical laws of the transmission line during the fault. Afterwards, the consistency between the measurements and the linear dynamic model is evaluated through the DSE algorithm. Finally, the actual fault location which corresponds to the best consistency is determined via the gradient descent algorithm. Compared to the existing DSE based fault location methods which solve highly nonlinear DSE problems, the proposed method only needs to solve a series of linear DSE problems, which overcomes the issues such as large numerical error and high computational burden especially for transmission lines in MMC-HVDC grids. Numerical experiments validates the effectiveness of the proposed method, with different fault types, resistances and locations. In addition, the method only requires a relatively low sampling rate of 20k samples per second.
Responsible Portrayal or Sensationalism: Media Framing of Pakistani leadership regarding handling of Domestic and Foreign Policy Issues

This study provides a detailed quantitative and qualitative analysis of coverage of The News and the Dawn in the context of responsible portrayal or sensationalism with reference to the handling of domestic and foreign policy issues by Pakistani leadership from 2008 to 2011. The content analysis methodology was employed to analyze the editorial text. All unsigned editorials appeared in The News and the Dawn containing themes related to Kashmir issue, Nuclear issue, U.S. foreign policy towards Pakistan, energy crisis, democracy, judiciarygovernment tensions, and handling domestic terrorism are included as the sample for this study. This study maintains that on “Foreign Policy Issues” both The News and the Dawn were sensational in their coverage. This study reveals that while covering State Actor-Military, Pakistani elite press used responsible frames and portrays Pakistan’s image as positive. On the “Issues related to good Governance,” both newspapers framed highly sensational image of Pakistan. In addition, both newspapers framed overall Pakistan’s image in a sensational context. This study claims that The News and the Dawn were sensational in their coverage regarding Asif Ali Zardari performance as president, while neutral in their coverage about Yousaf Raza Gillani.
Potency of Suri Cucumber Juice (Cucumis sativus) as a Solvent for Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stones (CaC2O4)

This study explores the potency of Suri Cucumber Juice (Cucumis sativus) as a Solvent for Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stones (CaC2O4). Calcium oxalate (CaC2O4) is a compound that forms kidney stones roomates clog and interfere with kidney function. Potassium in the voltaic series is located to the left of calcium, so it will be easy to get rid of calcium by reaction with oxalate, so that plants with high potassium have the potential to decay kidney stones. Suri cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus) contain potassium salts and other compounds– potentially it can dissolve calcium oxalate (CaC2O4). The purpose of this research is to prove that suri cucumber juice (Cucumis sativus) can dissolve calcium oxalate (CaC2O4) in vitro. This type of research is experimental with a quasi-experimental research design. The independent variable is the length of time of immersion in suri cucumber juice (Cucumis sativus), and the dependent variable is the solubility of calcium oxalate (CaC2O4). Subjects in the study used were calcium oxalate which was immersed in a solution of suri cucumber juice (Cucumis sativus) for four days. Repetition is done four times. Examination of dissolved calcium levels in suri cucumber juice (Cucumis sativus) uses the Complexometry method. Data analysis used the One-Way ANOVA test followed by the Bonferroni test. Place of research is in the laboratory of the Health Analyst in the Polytechnic of Tanjungkarang. The results showed that suri cucumber juice (Cucumis sativus) was able to dissolve calcium oxalate deposits (CaC2O4). The length of time of immersion in suri cucumber juice (Cucumis sativus) influences the increase of calcium oxalate (CaC2O4) solubility with pvalue of <0.05 roommates is 0.017. The optimal dissolution of calcium oxalate (CaC2O4) is 32.24%, which is on the 4th day.
Fault Detection and Diagnosis System for Centrifugal Compressor

The world is changing, safety and environment impact became the most important thing, so all industries searching for reliable and fault tolerant control system that prevents and predict fault or to find a root cause for the fault to prevent a disaster. A system that assures the process doesn't go to its threshold limits. A lot of experimental researches have shown methods to detect and diagnose faults. These methods detect and recognize the occurrence of the fault, and give a root cause for the fault. These methods will help to improve the process and make it safer and fault tolerant which a big demand on oil and petrochemical industries. Reliability, operational safety, and environmental protection are very important, in particular for oil and petrochemical processes. If faults occur, consequences can be extremely serious in terms of human life as leakage of a toxic or flammable fluid might take place as a result of faults occurrence that may result in a serious explosion and environmental impact. Furthermore, faults occurrence may result in system failure that causes a total shutdown of the whole plant which leads to an economic loss. Thus, fault detection has been developed recently for: Decreasing Production Loss Reducing Equipment Damage Enhancement of Human Safety Compressors play an important role in petrochemicals process so it should be protected to prevent any failure which can cause loss of production due to the time needed for maintenance and money loss, so compressors shall be protected by a well-designed controller and instrumentation systems. MATLAB simulation for fault detection and diagnosis system is done and results showed and detected faults happened on the compressor.
Ethernet -Traffic Flow Security

This paper introduces the high-level problem statement, requirements and proposed solution for Ethernet - Traffic Flow Security (E-TFS) for MACsec IEEE 802.1AE [1]. The goal of this paper is to initiate work to standardize E-TFS for interoperable implementations. Ethernet - Traffic Flow Security is the term for the complete security – data confidentiality, frame data integrity, data origin authenticity offered by MACsec with the addition of traffic flow confidentiality mechanisms described in this a paper.
Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

This paper develops a probabilistic two-dimensional (2D) inversion for geoacoustic seabed and water-column parameters in a strongly rangedependent environment. Range-dependent environments in shelf and shelf-break regions are of increasing importance to the acousticaloceanography community, and recent advances in nonlinear inverse theory and sampling methods are applied here for efficient probabilistic inversion in 2D. The 2D seabed and water column are parameterized by highly efficient, self-adapting irregular grids which match the local resolving power of the data and provide parsimonious solutions requiring few parameters to capture complex environments. The self-adapting parameterization in the water-column and seabed is achieved by implementing the irregular grid as a trans-dimensional hierarchical Bayesian model which is sampled with the Metropolis-Hastings-Green algorithm. To improve sampling, population Monte Carlo is applied with a large number of interacting parallel Markov chains employing a load balancing algorithm on a computer cluster. The inversion is applied to simulated data for a vertical line array and several source locations to several kilometers range. Complex pressure fields are computed using a parabolic equation model and results are considered in terms of 2D ensemble parameter estimates and marginal uncertainty distributions. [Supported by NSERC]
Labour Market Integration and the Transition to Parenthood-A Comparison of Germany and the UK 808 Discussion Papers

The aim of this paper is to investigate the hypothesis that after leaving the educational system, labour market integration has a causal effect on first-birth decisions. The analysis focuses on two major research questions: First, how is the timing of first parenthood associated with previous labour market performance? Second, can differences in first birth-risks be related to labour market performance? In other words, to what extent do the fertility decisions of successfully integrated individuals differ from those who are poorly integrated into the labour force? To account for the impact of cross-national differences in institutional settings, I contrast the continental conservative German welfare state with the liberal market economy of the UK. To account for gender-specific differences in opportunity costs, I distinguish between men and women in this analysis. Using longitudinal micro-data from the SOEP and BHPS, I apply a piecewise constant exponential hazard model. The results show a significantly reduced first-birth risk in the case of German men with weak occupational integration, as well as in the case of British and German women with pronounced labour market attachment. Furthermore, regarding the timing of family formation, a lengthy process of occupational integration tends to delay the transition to parenthood for both men and women, especially in Germany.
The efficacy of bi-component carboxymethylcellulose-polysaccharide B as a hemostatic and anti-adherent agent at the tibial insertion of the hamstring tendons after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament

DOI: 10.32098/mltj.01. 2019.02 SUMMARY Objective. The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare hemostatic and anti-adherent efficacy of the bi-component carboxymethylcellulose-polysaccharide B to the standard of electocauterization at the gracilis and semitendinosis harvest site in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Methods. In this randomized control trial, 32 patients undergoing ACL reconstruction were randomly divided into two groups. In group 1 (control), hemostasis was achieved via electrocoagulation at the gracilis and semitendinosis harvest site, and in group 2 (intervention) the bi-component was used to control bleeding at the same site. Results. There was no statistical difference between the groups in the pain assessments postoperatively, and the patients in group 2 had lower incidence of hematoma than the patients in group 1 on the first day postoperatively. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of postoperative range of motion (ROM) during the study period (p = 0.022). Patients in group 1 gained 17.8 degrees, patients in group 2 increased ROM by 34 degrees. No statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of hypoesthesia between the groups (p = 0.870). Conclusion. Bi-component carboxymethylcellulose-polysaccharide B showed better outcomes in terms of hematoma prevention and postoperative ROM than standard electrocoagulation in the immediate postoperative period for patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. Surgeons should consider using this compound to achieve hemostasis at the gracilis and semitendinosis harvest site during ACL reconstruction.
Aspectos da regeneração de duas especies arboreas em um fragmento florestal do sudeste brasileiro

(Aspectos da regeneracao de duas especies arboreas em um fragmento florestal do sudeste brasileiro.) Estudaram-se 1031 plantas de Croton priscus Spreng. e 262 de C. floribundus Croizat (Euphorbiaceae) em 100 parcelas aleatorias de 25 m2, num fragmento de mata estacional semidecidua (Reserva Municipal de Santa Genebra, Campinas, estado de Sao Paulo). Nas duas populacoes caracterizaram-se 5 estadios ontogeneticos: plântula (presenca de folhas cotiledonares), jovem 1, jovem 2 e imaturo (caracterizados pela aquisicao ou perda de estruturas ou atributos e diferentes relacoes de diâmetro e altura) e adulto (presenca de estruturas reprodutoras). Plântula foi um estadio efemero, apresentando em Croton floribundus menor tamanho e maior incremento em altura; jovem 1 apresentou maior incremento em altura, estagnacao no crescimento e acumulo de plantas provenientes de varios eventos de recrutamento e tambem capacidade de ramificacao em C. floribundus; jovem 2 apresentou capacidade de ramificacao em C.priscus e maior incremento em altura em C. floribundus; imaturo apresentou capacidade de reiteracao e maior incremento em diâmetro, que tambem ocorreu em adulto. Em ambas as populacoes, a transicao jovem 1 jovem 2 representou o principal efeito de gargalo; mas a transicao jovem 2-imaturo apresentou a mais alta probabilidade. A probabilidade de transicao jovem l-jovem 2 foi maior em Croton floribundus, mas a de imaturo para adulto foi maior em C. priscus. A hierarquia foi pequena em plântulas devido a sua natureza efemera e pequena variacao de tamanho; aumentou em jovem 1 devido ao acumulo de eventos de recrutamento; mantevese em diâmetro e aumentou em altura em jovem 2 devido ao maior crescimento em altura de alguns individuos; caiu em altura e manteve-se em diâmetro em imaturo devido ao maior investimento na sustentacao da copa: e diminuiu em adulto devido ao maior investimento na reproducao. Ambas as populacoes apresentaram padroes espaciais agregados em todos os estadios, exceto adulto. As populacoes ocorreram associadas no espaco, indicando certa semelhanca de habitat. Os estadios de Croton floribundus ocorreram segregados espacialmente, mas cada estadio de C. priscus associou-se ao imediatamente seguinte, indicando que as manchas ambientais favoraveis podem ter maior persistencia para esta segunda especie Abstract
The Impact of Lipoprotein Apheresis on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and High-Density Lipoprotein Subfractions

Lipoprotein apheresis (LA) treatment results in a substantial reduction of low-density lipoprotein- (LDL-) cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) concentrations, which consequently decreases the rate of cardiovascular events. The additional benefit of LA may be associated with its impact on the composition and quality of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, inflammation, and oxidative stress condition. To verify the effects of LA procedure, the current study is aimed at analyzing the effect of a single apheresis procedure with direct hemadsorption (DALI) and cascade filtration (MONET) on oxidative stress markers and HDL-related parameters. The study included eleven patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipoproteinemia(a) treated with regular LA (DALI or MONET). We investigated the pre- and postapheresis concentration of the lipid-related oxidative stress markers 8-isoPGF2, oxLDL, TBARS, and PON-1. We also tracked potential changes in the main HDL apolipoproteins (ApoA-I, ApoA-II) and cholesterol contained in HDL subfractions. A single session of LA with DALI or MONET techniques resulted in a similar reduction of lipid-related oxidative stress markers. Concentrations of 8-isoPGF2 and TBARS were reduced by ~60% and ~30%, respectively. LA resulted in a 67% decrease in oxLDL levels along with a ~19% reduction in the oxLDL/ApoB ratio. Concentrations of HDL cholesterol, ApoA-I, ApoA-II, and PON-1 activity were also reduced by LA sessions, with more noticeable effects seen in the MONET technique. The quantitative proportions between HDL2 and HDL3 cholesterol did not change significantly by both methods. In conclusion, LA treatment with MONET or DALI system has a small nonselective effect on lowering HDL particles without any changes in the protein composition of these particles. Significant reduction in the level of oxidative stress parameters and less oxidation of LDL particles may provide an additional benefit of LA therapy.
Characterization of two myostatin genes in pufferfish Takifugu bimaculatus: sequence, genomic structure, and expression

Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of muscle growth, which restrains the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. To understand the role of two mstn genes of Takifugu bimaculatus, the full-length cDNAs of 1131 bp Tbmstn1 and 1,080 bp Tbmstn2 were obtained from the T. bimaculatus’ genomic database, which encodes 376 and 359 amino acids, respectively. The results of qRT-PCR showed that Tbmstn1 was expressed in the eye, kidney, spleen, skeletal muscle, gill, and brain, and the expression level in the skeletal muscle was extremely significantly higher than in other examined tissues. Tbmstn2 was expressed in the skin, skeletal muscle, gill, and brain, and had the highest expression in the skeletal muscle, followed by expression in the brain. Meanwhile, in different stages of embryonic development, the expression of Tbmstn1 started from the gastrula stage. Its expression in the eye-pigment formation stage and hatching stage was significantly higher than that in other stages. The Tbmstn2 was expressed in all examined embryonic stages with different levels, and the highest expression was detected in the eye-pigment formation stage. These results suggested that Tbmstn1 and Tbmstn2 may involve in the development of skeletal muscle, and Tbmstn2 may be related to the formation of nervous system.
DIASPORE CHARACTERISTICS AND DISPERSAL STRATEGIES OF 24 EPHEMERAL SPECIES OF BRASSICACEAE IN THE JUNGGAR DESERT OF CHINA

Aims Members of Brassicaceae are one of the most important groups of ephemeral plants in the Junggar Basin and serve many ecological roles in the desert.However,studies on dispersal syndromes of Brassicaceae,especially the ephemerals,are rare.This study addresses the following questions:1)what are the dispersal unit and the dispersal mode of these species,2)what are the spatio-temporal patterns of dispersal of these species and 3)how are these characters adaptive to the arid desert environment? Methods The study was conducted on 24 ephemeral species of Brassicaceae from June to October 2005 and 2006.We observed and recorded 1)morphology of the fruits and seeds,2)dehiscence mode of the fruit,type of dispersal unit and accessory structures and 3)dispersal mode and its duration in natural habitats.Important findings The dehiscence mode of fruit depends on degree of lignification.There are three types of dispersal units of the species whose pods cannot dehisce.Species whose dispersal unit is the fruit node are autochorous.Species in which dispersal occurs by the whole fruit have silicula.Some do not have accessory structures to dispersal,and the dispersal mode is autochorous.Others have wings or hairs and disperse by wind.Species whose dispersal unit is a section of the infructescence also have silicula with a hard and hook-like beak that can attach to the coat of animals.Species with pods that dehisce easily only disperse by seeds.Their seeds have three types.One type is tiny without any accessory structures for dispersal,and seeds are dispersed by wind.Seeds in the second type have wings,and their modes of dispersal are diverse,but the main one is hydrochory.Seeds in the third type have wings and mucilage and are dispersed by anemochory and hydrochory.There are two types of dispersal patterns,depending on duration of dispersal.The first type is the short-term dispersal pattern in which all dispersal units on the plant are dispersed from the mother plant mainly in June and July.In the second type,dispersal units are shed from the mother plant from June to October or even the next spring.In this pattern,pods in the upper and lower positions of one infructescence differ in morphology,degree of lignification,kind of dispersal unit,dispersal time and dispersal mode.
Risk factors of breast intraductal lesions in patients without pathological nipple discharge

The majority of breast cancer arises from the ductal epithelium. It is crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer by detecting intraductal lesions at an early stage. The typical clinical characteristic of intraductal lesions is pathological nipple discharge (PND), although many patients with intraductal lesions do not exhibit PND. It is a serious challenge for clinicians to detect patients with intraductal lesions without PND at an early stage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the risk factors associated with intraductal lesions in patients without PND. This retrospective database review, conducted between April 2016 and April 2017, included 370 lesions from 255 patients with intraductal lesions (intraductal papilloma, atypical intraductal hyperplasia, intraductal carcinoma in situ) and non-intraductal lesions (fibroadenoma, adenosis, cysts, lobular carcinoma in situ), diagnosed through surgical pathology. The patients were divided into two groups based on pathological diagnosis and clinical parameters were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Univariate analysis revealed that 9 of 14 factors were statistically significant. Five factors were identified to be associated risk factors in patients without PND through the multivariate logistic regression analysis: Age between 35 and 49 years and age ≥50 years [odds ratio (OR)=4.749, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.371-9.513, P<0.001; OR=2.587, 95% CI=2.587-14.891, P<0.001; respectively], non-menstrual breast pain (OR=1.922, 95% CI=1.037-3.564, P=0.038), breast duct dilatation as seen using ultrasonography (OR=9.455, 95% CI=3.194-27.987, P<0.001), lesion distance from nipple ≤2 cm (OR=2.747, 95% CI=1.668-4.526, P<0.001) and lesion size ≤1 cm (OR=1.903, 95% CI=1.155-3.136, P=0.012). In conclusion, for patients without PND but with risk factors, such as the patient being >35 years, with non-menstrual breast pain, breast duct ectasia, lesion distance from nipple ≤2 cm and lesion size ≤1 cm as seen using ultrasonography, clinicians should be highly concerned about the possibility of intraductal lesions, in order to prevent misdiagnosis and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.