Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Profile of a Coumarate-CoA Ligase-like5 Gene in Response to Salt Stress on the Root Musa acuminata 4-L. Barangan Cultivars

Musa acuminata L. growth has influenced by environment. Environmental stresses are caused by biotic factors such as fungi, bacteria and herbivore and abiotic factors such as temperature, water, light and salinity. Salinity stresses cause a decrease in the production of banana. The purpose of the research was to validity and confirmation 4-Coumarate-CoA ligase Like5 (4CLL5) gene with 18S reference genes as a control genes on planlets of banana with sodium chloride (NaCl) application. 4-Caomarate-CoA-ligase Like5 is an enzyme key in phenyl-propanoid metabolism like lignin and flavonoid that essential for plant defense on abiotic factor like salinity is coded by 4CLL5 on Musa acuminate L. Salinity is abiotic factors which affect the growth of banana plant. Gene expression 4CLL5 on banana by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Research using shoot banana in vitro culture with any concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) were 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 M. In addition to, in this research was using 4CLL5 as a primers. The expression of genes analysis was using realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that 4CLL5 gene was expressed up regulated on NaCl 0.05 and 0.1 M but down regulated in 0.15 and 0.20 M.
Pathogenicity of selected entomopathogenic fungal isolates against the oak lace bug, Corythucha arcuata Say. (Hemiptera: Tingidae), under controlled conditions

Corythucha arcuata (Say) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) is a pest of oaks that is highly distributed in several regions of the world, including North America, the Balkan Peninsula, Europe, and Turkey. In the present study, ten entomopathogenic fungi belonging to four different genera (Metarhizium (×4), Beauveria (×4), Isaria (×1), and Myriodontium (×1)) were tested against nymphs and adults of C. arcuata under laboratory conditions. Based on the initial screening studies, it was shown that all isolates were able to infect both nymph and adult individuals of the pest after application of 1 × 10 7 mL -1 conidial concentration. Among the tested isolates, Beauveria bassiana KTU-24 caused the highest mortality against both nymphs and adults within 14 days, with 80% and 90% mortality, respectively. This isolate also produced the highest mycosis values on both nymphs and adults, with 77% and 83% mycosis, respectively. Therefore, this isolate (B. bassiana KTU-24) was selected for concentration-mortality response tests for further characterization. The concentration- mortality response tests showed that the conidial concentrations of 1 × 10 8 and 1 × 10 9 mL -1 of B. bassiana KTU-24 produced 100% mortality against nymphs and the conidial concentration of 1 × 10 9 mL -1 of this isolate caused 100% mortality against adults. Based on probit analysis, the LC 50 values of the isolate B. bassiana KTU-24 were calculated as 1.17 × 10 7 and 6.44 × 10 6 conidia mL -1 against nymphs and adults, respectively. This study indicates that B. bassiana KTU-24 has a significant potential for further investigation as biological control agent against C. arcuata.
OUTLIER DETECTION FOR TEMPORAL DATA USING LONG SHORT-TERM MEMORY

Anomaly detection refers to the problem of finding instances or patterns in data that deviate from normal behavior. Depending on context and domain these deviations can be referred to as anomalies, outliers, or novelties. In this thesis, the term used is anomalies. Anomaly detection is utilized in a wide array of fields such as fraud detection for financial transactions, fault detection in industrial systems, intrusion detection
Hydration-dehydration and subsequent storage effects on seed of the self-regenerating annuals Trifolium balansae and T. resupinatum

The annual pasture legumes T.balansae and T.respinatum are new to Australian farming systems. The seed bank is the most important mechanism that ensures persistence of these species in self-regenerating pastures. Previous research has shown that up to 40% of seed may be lost during summer, when there is no living plant population; summer rainfall was known to be the most important factor contributing to this loss. Imbibition of seed, followed by dehydration was thought to play a role and this process was investigated
Rapid and sensitive diagnosis of mycoplasmalike organisms associated with lethal disease of coconut palm by a specifically primed polymerase chain reaction for the amplification of 16S rDNA

La reaction en chaine de la polymerase (RCP) a ete utilisee en combinaison avec des oligodeoxynucleotides amorceurs des regions conservees du gene 16S rADN, afin d'amplifier les fragments de rADN correspondants provenant de l'ADN de cocotiers sains et de cocotiers affectes par des organismes de type mycoplasme (MLO) et exprimant les symptomes caracteristiques de la maladie mortelle. Les fragments de rADN ont ete caracterises par l'analyse des sequences et ainsi, les oligodeoxynucleotides amorceurs ont ete synthetises, permettant l'amplification des MLO du rADN, a partir d'extraits hautement dilues de tissus cocotiers. Grâce a sa sensibilite et a sa simplicite, cette methode pourrait devenir la technique standard d'identification des MLO sur le terrain, donc un element essentiel de la lutte contre les maladies par l'intermediaire d'etudes epidemiologiques et des programmes d'amelioration par l'indexage des ressources genetiques
EMPLOYMENTOFWOMENAND DEMAND-SIDE FORCES

Using the 1964-1995 March Current Population Surveys and the 1940-1990 Census, this paper examines the relationship between female employment growth and changes in labor demand. Specifically, we examine whether industrial change and changes in labor demand can account for both the acceleration and deceleration of female employment growth across the decades as well as the pattern of biased growth in favor of more skilled women. We find that labor demand proxies are successful in accounting for the pattern of biased growth but are less successful in accounting for the overall acceleration of female employment, particularly in the 1970s.
Lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Lanzarote (Canary Islands), with the descriptions of two new species

The flora of lichens and lichenicolous fungi of Lanzarote (Canary Islands) has been studied. The recent catalogue of the Island was composed of 170 species. In the presented annotated list, 71 taxa are additional records for the island, of which 10 are new to the Canary Islands and among them Catillaria subpraedicta and Micarea seneciae are newly described.
Intra-population variation in site of pollen germination and pollination in Trifolium fragiferum L.

All populations of Trifolium fragiferum L. scanned for three consecutive years from Jammu and its neighbourhood comprised two plant types. In one pollen grains germinate inside pollen sacs and in the other at the receptive surface of stigma. In situ pollen germination appears to be controlled genetically. Expression of the gene requires high relative humidity, high temperature and high moisture content in the soil. In situ gemination promotes autogamy in flowers structurally suited for insect pollination. The difference in site of pollen germination and mode of pollination has no apparent effect on seed output of the plants.
Genetic Diversity of Japonica Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Based on Markers Corresponding to Starch Synthesizing Genes

Genes related to starch synthesis and the metabolism contribute to a variety of physicochemical properties that determine the eating/cooking qualities of rice. Our previous study suggested that a set of molecular markers was able to estimate the eating quality of japonica rice. The present study reports the genetic diversity of 22 japonica rice varieties based on markers corresponding to starch synthesizing genes. The mean of the polymorphic information content (PIC: 0.135) value and the diversity index (0.171) indicated a low genetic diversity in these varieties. The phylogenetic tree clearly demonstrated three main clusters: 1) cluster I contained seven varieties with similar physicochemical properties; 2) cluster II only showed a Japanese variety, Koshihikari, and 3) cluster III included the most Korean varieties (14 varieties). This phylogenetic analysis did not completely represent the physicochemical properties differentiation of the japonica varieties, although it did reveal an initial clue to the close relationship between Korean rice and the Japanese and Chinese varieties. Notably, these markers were also able to identify a premium japonica rice. The molecular markers and information concerning the genetic relationship would be useful in improving the japonica rice along with its starch quality of in breeding program.
Proteasome Inhibitors Can Induce Caspase-3 Activation and Apoptosis in Human CML Cell Lines.

The proteasome is a multi-enzyme complex that provides the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of many cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Inhibition of the proteasome represents a promising approach for the treatment of cancer because it can lead to cell cycle arrest and activation of caspases in tumor cells. There are several proteasome inhibitors that have been reported to induce apoptosis in various tumors. However, the effect of proteasome inhibition in human myeloid leukemia has not been reported so far. In this study, we tested two peptide-aldehyde proteasome inhibitors (MG115, MG132) on two human CML cell lines (K562, KCL22). At first, we treated both cell lines for 24, 48 and 72 hours with different doses of MG115 and MG132 and cell viability was tested by MTT assay. It showed substantial time and dose dependent cytotoxicity in both CML cell lines. Acridine orange staining also revealed DNA fragmentation. We then performed caspase-3 colorimetric assay after treating both cell lines for 6, 12 and 24 hours with 0. 78μM of MG115, MG132. K562 showed the continuous rising of caspase-3 activity, while KCL22 exhibited the initial increase and subsequent mild decrease of caspase-3 activity. In addition, western blot analysis showed the reduction of procaspase-3 expression. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL was reduced by western blot. p21 expression was slightly increased and that of cyclin D1 was decreased. Additionally, the treatment of proteasome inhibitor in CML cell lines initially induced phosphorylation of Jun kinase. We next examined the expression of heat shock proteins (Hsp70, Hsp90) after treating for 6, 12, 24 hours with the same proteasome inhibitors. Western blot analysis results indicated that expression patterns were different between MG115 and MG132. MG115 induced the slight increase of Hsp70 and Hsp90 in K562, but the reduction of both in KCL22. Meanwhile, MG132 produced the decrease of Hsp70 and Hsp90 in both K562, KCL22. In summary, our work supports that a proteasome inhibitor can induce apoptosis in human CML cell lines. We are currently focusing on the combined effect of proteasome inhibitor and Hsp90 inhibitor on CML. IC50 of Proteasome Inhibitors | Cell line | Proteasome Inhibitor | 24hr | 48hr | 72hr | |:--------- | -------------------- | --------- | ------- | -------- | | K562 | MG115 | 3.01 μM | 1.14 μM | 0.59 μM | | K562 | MG132 | μ 2.13 M | 1.03 μM | 0.57 μM | | KCL22 | MG115 | 156.92 μM | 1.36 μM | 0.73 μM | | KCL22 | MG132 | 1.56 μM | 0.93 μM | μ 0.75 M |
Common Parasites of Fruit-Eating Bats in Southern Ghana

xv CHAPTER ONE . 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background information . 1 1.2 Bat biology . 2 1.2. 1 The Megachiropterans . 2 1.2. 2 The Microchiropterans. 3 1.3 Parasite infestation . 3 1.3. 1 Ectoparasites . 4 1.3. 2 Endoparasites . 4 University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug. edu.gh
Antibacterial Activity Of Certain Medicinal Plants Against Acne-Inducing Bacteria

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of five medicinal plants against Propionibacterium acnes. The various solvent extracts of herbs namely Azadirachta indica, Vitex negundo, Annona squamosa, Cymbopogon citratus and Terminalia chebula were prepared by decoction method. The antiacne potential of various solvent extracts of herbs were tested along with the standard Clindamycin in a dose dependant manner by disc diffusion method. The results of the study found that aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Terminalia chebula exhibited the outstanding antiacne activity when compared to all other herbal extracts. Moderate zone of inhibition was observed in the medicinal plants namely Azadirachta indica, Vitex negundo and Annona squamosa. Inhibition zone was not detectable in any of the solvent extracts of Cymbopogon citratus. The findings of this study have identified that Terminalia chebula acts as the promising source of antiacne agent which could be useful in the treatment of acne vulgaris. K. P. BALAKRISHNAN ITC Research and Development Centre, Peenya Industrial Area Phase 1, Bangalore
Characterization of the immune response in mice treated with materials toxic for macrophages

Becker, Larry J., M.S., 1977 Microbiology Characterization of the Immune Response in Mice Treated With Material Toxic for Macrophages (127 pp.) Director: Jon A, Rudbach RML mice were treated with Min-U-Sil or carrageenan, both of which were toxic for macrophages. After 6 h, the mice were immunized intravenously (i.v.) with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or sheep red blood cells (SRBC). The kinetics of the subsequent antibody responses were determined by hemagglutination. Treatment with these toxins prior to immunization did not suppress the pri­ mary antibody response to either antigen nor did it impair priming for a secondary antibody response. In fact, enhanced primary antibody responses were obtained in some macrophage impaired mice. The outcome depended on the dose of antigen used to challenge mice and the time of immunization after macrophage impairment. Macro­ globulin (19 S) antibody production was found to be prolonged in mice immunized during macrophage impair­ ment. Secondary type antibody responses to LPS could be elicited with one dose of LPS, if given 21 days after macrophage impairment. From these results, a regulatory role for the macrophage in the afferent limb of the humoral immune response was proposed.
Implementation Of Open Source IP based Embedded System

—Embedded system plays an important role in various industry applications. An embedded system is consisting of software and hardware. The hardware platform of conventional embedded system is typically based on IC chips that have fixed resources. Besides, with the development of FPGA, an emerging approach for designing embedded system is implementing soft IP cores on FPGAs. Soft IP cores are synthesizable hardware blocks described in HDL language. Their source code can be either open or close to public. For example, Open RISC 1200, is an open source 32-bit RISC microprocessor. In addition, the increasing complexity of embedded system forces software developers to consider operating system support to reduce their workload. Thus, in this paper, a prototype of open source IP based embedded system with Linux is implemented on Atlys (Xilinx Spartan-6) FPGA board and the goal is to evaluate if the system is appropriate for industrial applications. The hardware platform is ORPSOC, which is a reference SoC design based on Open RISC 1200 processor. For software, Linux operating system is installed. Furthermore, an application executes on Linux is developed that reads the output of an I2C compass sensor-LSM303DLM. With the success of the application and the investigation of license issues, the conclusion is drawn that open source IP based embedded system with Linux is usable for industry. Although comparing to conventional embedded system, the open source IP based embedded system with Linux has following cons, such as high product cost, basic-supported development environment and more difficult software development if Linux driver doesn’t support the hardware. However, its pros are high flexibility and scalability, high software portability, low software development difficulty and high reusability that make it more suitable for industry usage.
A new species and four new records of Amanita (Amanitaceae; Basidiomycota) from Northern Thailand

Mushrooms belonging to the genus Amanita were collected during a fungal biodiversity study in northern Thailand in 2012–2014. Morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses were used to identify the mushrooms to species. Amanita castanea is described as new to science and compared with phenetically and phylogenetically similar species. It is assignable to Amanita stirps Citrina within Amanita series Mappae . Four other species, A. concentrica , A. rimosa , A. cf. rubromarginata and A. zangii are first reports for Thailand; detailed morphological and molecular data are provided for the Thai material.
Tree species diversity and structure of a Nigerian strict nature reserve

This study was carried out to examine the efficacy of Strict Nature Reserves (SNR) as a means of biodiversity conservation. This was achieved by assessing the status of the forest in terms of tree species diversity, abundance and growth yield. Data were collected from four plots of one hectare size each, randomly located in the forest. In each plot, all tree species (dbh ≥ 10 cm) were identified and their height, diameter at breast height (dbh) and diameters at the top, middle and base were measured. There were 387 stems ha-1, belonging to 94 tropical hardwood species, 80 genera and 30 families in the SNR. The most abundant species and family were Celtis zenkeri of Ulmaceae family (41 stems ha-1) and Sterculiaceae (10 species), respectively. The Shannon-Wiener index (3.75) and evenness (0.82) and other diversity indices were very high, indicating that the forest is a potential biodiversity hotspot. The indices compared favourably with several protected areas that are biodiversity hotspots. In addition, the total basal area and volume of 674.33 m2 and 4,646.93 m3 and the vertical and horizontal structure confirm that the SNR is a mature natural forest. This study provides a baseline for the management of protected areas in developing countries and it shows the potential of in situ method in nature conservation.
Preliminary genetic parameters of growth during different growth phases in sheep

Twenty-four sets of full-sib ram lambs, each born from a different sire, were kept individually in pens and hand-reared from birth up to 50 kg live mass. Feed intake and mass of each lamb were determined every third day. Growth curves [ ln(mass) against ln(cumulative feed intake)] were plotted for each lamb. Three growth phases could be identified. Very low heritabilities (/22 ) were calculated for feed conversion ratio in the second and third phases whereas the hz in Phase I was 0.32 'r 0.40. Heritability of average daily gain (ADG), estimated with least squares means and regression methods, was 0.40 and 0.39 in Phase I, 0.68 and 0.48 in Phase II, and A.26 and 0.18 in Phase Itr. Heritability of the Kleiber ratio followed the sarne trend but was generally higher. Only the product-moment correlations between feed conversion, ADG and the Kleiber ratio within the same growth phase, differed significantly from zero (P < 0.01). Genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits over phases, were low and insignificant.
The Effect of Eye Drop Excipients against Acanthamoeba Polyphaga by Alamar Blue TM Assay

Objective: Based on the reduction of alamarBlueTM, we have therefore screened a variety of such eye drop excipients used for bacterial keratitis in order to identify any candidates that show inhibitory activity against Acanthamoeba polyphaga, one of the protozoal species responsible for the Acanthamoeba Keratitis. Subjects and Methods: Acanthamoeba keratitis is a serious eye infection which is notoriously difficult to treat successfully. The currently employed drugs have significant disadvantages in that they have to be administered at hourly intervals for extended periods of time. The AlamarBlueTM assay has been optimized for determination of selected eye drop excipients efficacy against potentially pathogenic strain, Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Results: The most effective agents were found to be fusidic acid and framycetin sulfate, with a combination of the two providing a reduction in A. polyphaga metabolic activity of around 75%. Conclusion: These eye drop excipients can serve as new sources for the discovery and development of much needed new antimicrobials for both Acanthamoeba keratitis and bacterial keratitis.
Directed molecular evolution of novel DNA aptamers raised against an antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli

Antimicrobial resistance presents a serious, worldwide threat to public health. New tools are required to combat the evolving problem. Here we report the systematic evolution of nucleic acid ligands to live Escherichia coli cells. Two SELEX methods were used to generate aptamers to the HB101: pAT153 strain of antibiotic resistant bacterial cells. These different Cell-SELEX methods were compared to analyse how DNA adapts to selective evolutionary pressure. The first method was performed using asymmetric PCR as the mechanism of single strand regeneration, with target cells taken from bacterial colonies. The second method used a novel strand protection exonuclease method for single strand regeneration and target cells taken from live cultures. Sequences evolved during both methods were analysed and stored in plasmid libraries. These methods produced a combined total of fifty-eight putative DNA ligands (aptamers). These sequences were analysed using alignment and structural prediction software and six candidate molecules were taken for further analysis. Evolved sequences were synthesised and target cell binding assays were performed using fluorescence laser-scanning confocal microscopy to visualise binding. A number of control sequences were also analysed. These included scrambled versions of each aptamer sequence, complementary oligonucleotides to deform binding structures and positive control sequences of published cell binding aptamers. Five of the six novel sequences exhibited cell specific localisation. Two of these sequences, named Oligo 3.1 and Oligo 4.4 (one from each SELEX Method) demonstrated apparent ligand binding affinities in the low-micromolar range (KD app Oligo 3.1= 3.35 μM. KD app Oligo 4.4 = 6.69 μM).
Prevalence of genes encoding enterotoxins, exfoliative toxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bulk-tank milk samples in Switzerland

Some strains of Staphylococcus aureus have the ability to form different heat-stable enterotoxins. These enterotoxins can cause food-borne intoxication and are therefore of interest from the point of view of food hygiene.In this study, we investigated the prevalence of genes encoding enterotoxins, exfoliative toxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 in S. aureus strains isolated from bulk-tank milk samples in Switzerland. Overall, 191 S. aureus strains were screened by PCR for the presence of sea, seb, sec, sed, see, seg, seh, set, sej, tst, etaA and etaB genes. Of these strains, 150 (78.5%) harboured one or more of the tested sequences. In 57 (38%) S. aureus cultures, only one toxin gene was detected, whereas in 93 (62%) cultures 2 to 4 toxin genes were detected. The most frequent combinations were seg/set and sec/seg/set. None of the strains harboured genes for SEE, SEH and the exfoliative toxins A and B. Using Smal macrorestriction analysis, it was shown that most of the strains possessing the same toxin genes displayed the same or very similar PFGE pattern, thus demonstrating close clonal relations.