Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Introduction à la lexicologie et à la sémantique lexicale russes

Cet ouvrage vise a familiariser le lecteur avec les notions fondamentales necessaires a l’etude des mots russes a travers la description des mecanismes semantiques qui regulent leur fonctionnement. Il est consacre a la presentation des rapports entre des segments du monde et des expressions linguistiques, des notions necessaires a une prise de contact avec la semantique lexicale : celles de lexeme, de predicat, d’actant, de metaphore, de metonymie et de polysemie. Sont egalement prises en compte les relations lexicales syntagmatiques, et plus precisement les principes qui generent des groupes lexicaux libres et des sequences contraintes, les relations lexicales paradigmatiques (synonymie, antonymie, hyperonymie, hyponymie, conversivite, causalite et homonymie), ainsi que la modelisation de ces relations a l’aide des fonctions lexicales. Afin d’eclairer l’articulation entre les formes linguistiques et leur sens, est egalement proposee une esquisse de typologie restreinte aux noms communs et aux verbes presentant des traits clairement discriminants. En fin d’ouvrage, un glossaire des principaux termes evoques permet de consulter commodement le livre et de retrouver sans difficulte les developpements qui les concernent. Destine en priorite aux etudiants en licence et master de russe et de linguistique generale, ce manuel s’adresse aussi aux enseignants, aux specialistes en lexicologie, aux traducteurs et a toute personne s’interessant au russe et a la linguistique.
Is spirometry properly used to diagnose COPD? Results from the BOLD study in Salzburg, Austria: a population-based analytical study

Background: Current guidelines recommend spirometry to confirm a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Aims: To investigate whether a self-reported diagnosis of COPD is associated with prior spirometry and whether a correct diagnosis of COPD is more likely when spirometry was performed. Methods: We used data from the population-based Austrian Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study. Participants were aged >40 years and completed post-bronchodilator spirometry. Reported COPD diagnosis and reported prior lung function test were based on questionnaire. Persistent airflow limitation was defined as post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio <0.7, corresponding with COPD Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grade I+, and GOLD grade II+ was also investigated. A correct diagnosis of COPD was defined as a reported physician's diagnosis of COPD and the presence of persistent airflow limitation. Results: 68 (5.4%) of 1,258 participants reported a prior physician's diagnosis of COPD. Of these, only 17 (25.0%) reported a lung function test within the past 12 months and 46 (67.6%) at any time in the past. The likelihood for a correct COPD GOLD grade I+ diagnosis was similar among subjects reporting a lung function test during the last 12 months (likelihood ratio 2.07, 95% CI 0.89 to 5.50) and those not reporting a lung function during the last 12 months (likelihood ratio 2.78, 95% CI 1.58 to 4.87). Similar likelihood ratios were seen when GOLD grade II+ was investigated and when lung function was reported at any time in the past. Conclusions: One-third of subjects with a reported diagnosis of COPD never had a lung function test. When spirometry was reported, this did not increase the likelihood of a correct COPD diagnosis.
Entity Resolution in a Big Data Framework

Entity Resolution (ER) concerns identifying logically equivalent pairs of entities that may be syntactically disparate. Although ER is a long-standing problem in the artificial intelligence community, the growth of Linked Open Data, a collection of semi-structured datasets published and inter-connected on the Web, mandates a new approach. The thesis is that building a viable Entity Resolution solution for serving Big Data needs requires simultaneously resolving challenges of automation, heterogeneity, scalability and domain independence. The dissertation aims to build such a system and evaluate it on real-world datasets published already as Linked Open Data.
Clinical heterogeneity in patients with early-stage Parkinson’s disease: a cluster analysis

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical heterogeneity of Parkinson’s disease (PD) among a cohort of Chinese patients in early stages. Clinical data on demographics, motor variables, motor phenotypes, disease progression, global cognitive function, depression, apathy, sleep quality, constipation, fatigue, and L-dopa complications were collected from 138 Chinese PD subjects in early stages (Hoehn and Yahr stages 1–3). The PD subject subtypes were classified using k-means cluster analysis according to the clinical data from five- to three-cluster consecutively. Kappa statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the consistency among different subtype solutions. The cluster analysis indicated four main subtypes: the non-tremor dominant subtype (NTD, n=28, 20.3%), rapid disease progression subtype (RDP, n=7, 5.1%), young-onset subtype (YO, n=50, 36.2%), and tremor dominant subtype (TD, n=53, 38.4%). Overall, 78.3% (108/138) of subjects were always classified between the same three groups (52 always in TD, 7 in RDP, and 49 in NTD), and 98.6% (136/138) between five- and four-cluster solutions. However, subjects classified as NTD in the four-cluster analysis were dispersed into different subtypes in the three-cluster analysis, with low concordance between four- and three-cluster solutions (kappa value=−0.139, P=0.001). This study defines clinical heterogeneity of PD patients in early stages using a data-driven approach. The subtypes generated by the four-cluster solution appear to exhibit ideal internal cohesion and external isolation.
The value of plasma renin concentration per se, and in relation to plasma and extracellular fluid volume in diagnosis and prognosis of human renovascular hypertension.

1. Plasma renin concentration (PRC) has been measured in 212 hypertensive patients. In fourteen patients with essential hypertension and in seventeen patients with renovascular hypertension, plasma volume (PV) and extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) were measured. 2. The results obtained have been discussed in three ways: (a)PRC in relation to the aetiology of hypertension; (b)PRC in relation to the effect on blood pressure of surgery for unilateral renal diseases; (c)PRC, PV and ECFV in ‘essential’ and renovascular hypertension. 3. Excluding patients with ophthalmoscopic signs of malignant hypertension, PRC is significantly higher in renovascular hypertension than in normal subjects and patients suffering from ‘essential’ hypertension and hypertension associated with bilateral renal disease; but the overlapping of the single values of the patients with these diseases is marked. Thus a normal PRC has no diagnostic value, while a high PRC without sodium deficiency or retinopathy might favour a diagnosis of renovascular disease. 4. In twenty-seven out of thirty-three patients submitted to surgery for unilateral renal disease and followed up for 12 months or longer, blood pressure has been significantly reduced. This group includes twelve patients with a normal preoperative PRC and fifteen patients with a high PRC. These results clearly demonstrate that unilateral renal disease may maintain a high blood pressure without increasing PRC and that PRC has no prognostic value. 5. Concurrent estimations of PRC, PV and ECFV in patients with renovascular or essential hypertension revealed the following differences. In cases of renovascular hypertension with normal PRC, PV and ECFV were significantly increased while in those with raised PRC, PV did not differ and ECFV was barely raised with respect to values obtained in patients with essential hypertension. PV of renovascular patients with normal renin was significantly higher than that of renovascular patients with high renin. The analysis of these results with quadratic discriminant functions demonstrated that an integrated evaluation of blood pressure, PV, ECFV and PRC allows a separation between the two types of hypertension. In other words these factors, taken together, in some way seem to reflect a difference between the two diseases. These results may indicate a new type of approach to the diagnosis and prognosis of renovascular hypertension.
THE DIRT ON DRY MERGERS

Using data from the Spitzer Space Telescope, we analyze the mid-infrared (3–70 μm) spectral energy distributions of dry merger candidates in the Boötes field of the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey. These candidates were selected by previous authors to be luminous, red, early-type galaxies with morphological evidence of recent tidal interactions. We find that a significant fraction of these candidates exhibit 8 and 24 μm excesses compared to expectations for old stellar populations. We estimate that a quarter of dry merger candidates have mid-infrared-derived star formation rates greater than ∼1 M☉ yr−1. This represents a “frosting” on top of a large old stellar population, and has been seen in previous studies of elliptical galaxies. Further, the dry merger candidates include a higher fraction of star-forming galaxies relative to a control sample without tidal features. We therefore conclude that the star formation in these massive ellipticals is likely triggered by merger activity. Our data suggest that the mergers responsible for the observed tidal features were not completely dry, and may be minor mergers involving a gas-rich dwarf galaxy.
Long-term associations of stress and chronic diseases in ageing and retired employees

Abstract Long-term associations of prolonged stress symptoms and work-related stressors with chronic diseases were assessed in a sample of ageing and retired food industry workers (N = 100, mean age 62 years) using independent samples t-test, chi-squared test and binary logistic regression analyses. Data was gathered at health checkups and using self-report questionnaires in 1989 and 2000. Prolonged stress symptoms were associated with overall morbidity. Higher scores of stress symptoms predicted musculoskeletal disorders, diseases of the nervous system, eye and ear, endocrine and metabolic diseases, and mental disorders. Of work-related stressors, only job dissatisfaction had a long-term association with endocrine and metabolic diseases. Importantly, prolonged stress symptoms could not be explained by job strain and demands. Identification of prolonged stress symptoms along with traditional and potential risk factors, and combining this knowledge with stress reduction and management is essential for disease prevention and in postponing subsequent onset of disease.
Securing Encryption Systems With a Switched Capacitor Current Equalizer

Hardware encryption engines are essential components of secure systems. They are widely used in desktop applications such as the trusted platform module as well as in mobile applications where they offer high energy efficiency compared to their software implementation counterparts. Unfortunately, ASIC encryption engines leak side-channel information through their power supplies. This information can be used by attackers to reveal their secret keys with attacks such as differential power analysis. Dual-rail logic and noise addition circuits increase the security against these attacks, but they add higher than 3x overheads in area, power, and performance to unsecured encryption engines. In this work, we present a switched capacitor circuit that equalizes the current to isolate the critical encryption activity from the external supplies, eliminating the side-channel information leakage. The secure encryption system was implemented in a 0.13 ¿m CMOS technology with 7.2% area and 33% power overheads and a 2 × performance degradation. The secret encryption key was not revealed after ten million side-channel attacks.
Icteric Serum as an Indicator of Fetal Vascular Access During Intravascular Transfusion for Hemolytic Disease

Correct needle placement during intravascular transfusion of the fetus may be difficult with an anterior placentation. Elevated bilirubin levels due to red cell hemolysis in the fetus of an alloimmunized pregnancy will result in icteric serum. The findings of such serum in centrifuged capillary tubes can be used to confirm fetal vascular access.
Eos and Pegasus, Two Members of the Ikaros Family of Proteins with Distinct DNA Binding Activities*

Members of the Ikaros family of transcription factors, Ikaros, Aiolos, and Helios, are expressed in lymphocytes and have been implicated in controlling lymphoid development. These proteins contain two characteristic clusters of zinc fingers, an N-terminal domain important for DNA recognition, and a C-terminal domain that mediates homo- and heterotypic associations between family members. The conservation of these domains is such that all three proteins recognize related DNA sequences, and all are capable of dimerizing with other family members. Here we describe two additional Ikaros family proteins, Eos and Pegasus. Eos is most highly related to Helios and shares its DNA binding and protein association properties. Pegasus is related to other Ikaros proteins in its C-terminal dimerization domain but contains a divergent N-terminal zinc finger domain. Pegasus self-associates and binds to other family members but recognizes distinct DNA-binding sites. Eos and Pegasus repress the expression of reporter genes containing their recognition elements. Our results suggest that these proteins may associate with previously described Ikaros family proteins in lymphoid cells and play additional roles in other tissues.
Türkiye’de Ekonomik ve Politik İstikrarın Turizm Talebi Üzerindeki Etkisi: ARDL Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı

Turizm, odemeler bilancosu dengesinin saglanmasinda, gelirin ve istihdamin yaratilmasinda, bolgeler arasi gelismislik farklarinin ortadan kaldirilmasinda ve alt-ustyapi yatirimlarinin tamamlanmasinda sagladigi avantajlar bakimindan son yillarda en hizli gelisim gosteren sektorlerden birisidir. Bir ulke ekonomisinin turizm sektorunun sagladigi bu avantajlardan faydalanabilmesi icin oncelikli olarak turizm talebini artirmasi gerekmektedir. Bir ulkeye yonelik turizm talebini o ulkenin ekonomik (ekonomik istikrar, doviz kurlari ve gelir dagilimi gibi), politik (politik istikrar, siyasi iliskiler ve uluslararasi anlasmalar gibi) ve sosyal faktorleri (moda, meslek ve kentlesme gibi) belirlemektedir. Bu faktorlerden en onemlileri de hic suphesiz ulkedeki ekonomik ve politik istikrarin varligi ve buna bagli olarak ortaya cikan guven ortamidir. Ekonomik ve politik istikrarin oldugu ulkeler turistler tarafindan daha fazla tercih edilirken ekonomik kriz ve terorun yasandigi istikrarsizligin ve guvensizligin yuksek oldugu ulkeler ise turistler tarafindan daha az tercih edilmektedir. Bu calisma da Turkiye’de ekonomik ve politik istikrarin turizm talebi uzerindeki etkisi 2002:01-2015:12 donemine ait veriler kullanilarak ARDL sinir testi yaklasimi ile analiz edilmistir. Analiz sonuclari Turkiye’de ekonomik istikrar ile turizm talebi arasinda pozitif, politik istikrar, enflasyon (TUFE) ve reel efektif doviz kuru ile turizm talebi arasinda negatif yonlu iliski oldugunu gostermektedir.
Impact on health inequalities of rising prosperity in England 1998-2007, and implications for performance incentives: longitudinal ecological study

Objective To investigate whether the uneven rise in prosperity between 1999 and 2008 accounted for differential increases in life expectancy in English local authorities. Design Longitudinal ecological study. Setting 324 local authorities in England, classified by their baseline level of deprivation. Main outcome measures Multivariable regression was used to investigate the association between trends in prosperity between 1998 and 2007 and trends in life expectancy. Trends in health inequalities were assessed by comparing the experience of Spearhead local authorities (the 70 most deprived in 1998) with the average for all English local authorities. Results Those local authorities that experienced the greatest improvement in prosperity experienced greater increases in life expectancy. With each 1% absolute decline in unemployment, life expectancy increased by 2.2 (95% confidence interval 0.5 to 3.8) months in men and by 1.7 (0.4 to 3.1) months in women. With each £1000 increase in average household income in a local authority, life expectancy increased by 1.4 (0.3 to 2.5) months in men and by 1.1 (0.2 to 1.9) months in women. The more deprived a local authority was in 1998, the lower the rate at which life expectancy improved. Conclusion Decreases in unemployment and increases in average income in an area explained, to a large extent, why some local authorities “performed” better than others. Health inequalities between Spearhead and all local authorities widened during the period of rising prosperity, but they would have widened to an even greater extent had unemployment not fallen at a faster rate in more deprived areas. With worsening economic trends over the next 10 years, this research suggests that increases in life expectancy are likely to be smaller and health inequalities may widen at a faster rate than in the previous decade. Allocating resources to local authorities on the basis of their “performance” at increasing life expectancy is likely to reward more affluent areas rather than disadvantaged areas with greater needs, exacerbating the problem.
Processing and Analysis of Form, Colour and Binocular Disparity in the Human Brain: Functional Anatomy by Positron Emission Tomography

With the purpose of mapping those anatomical structures participating in the processing and analysis of form, colour and disparity information, we have measured, with positron emission tomography and [15O]butanol, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) as an indicator of regional cerebral metabolic activity in 13 right‐handed male volunteers during visual discrimination of colour, form and disparity information. The brain images were anatomically standardized using a computerized brain atlas and statistically significant changes were localized by cluster analysis. The changes in rCBF between specific activation and reference states were measured and the volumes of changes were determined, as were the loci and volumes of areas commonly activated by two or three different tasks. Each of the tasks activated over a dozen distinct and separate fields in the cortex–in the occipital, parietal, temporal and frontal lobes as well as the cerebellum. A number of overlapping fields were commonly activated in two tasks (four in the form and colour tasks, five in the form and disparity tasks, and eleven in the colour and disparity tasks), and two field overlaps were present in all three tasks (in the right superior frontal and left lingual gyri). These findings indicate that, in a visual discrimination task, the processing and analysis of single visual submodalities take place in a number of cortical fields in the human brain. As the same visual submodality is processed and analysed by numerous fields and the same field may participate in the processing of different submodalities, a divergence‐convergence pattern of information processing is present in the human brain. This observation supports a hypothesis based on earlier studies in primates, namely that information processing in the visual system requires the concerted activation of a relatively large number of fields of functional networks in the brain.
First Metatarsalphalangeal Joint Arthrodesis: Evaluation of Plate and Screw Fixation

Background: First metatarsalphalangeal joint (MTPJ) arthrodesis is a commonly performed procedure for the treatment of a variety of conditions affecting the hallux. There are several different methods to accomplish the fusion. We utilized a method incorporating a ball and cup preparation of the joint, followed by stabilization of the arthrodesis site utilizing the Accutrak congruent first MTPJ fusion set. Materials and Methods: We prospectively evaluated two hundred consecutive patients who underwent first MTPJ arthrodeses utilizing the Accutrak congruent first MTPJ fusion set. Patients were evaluated preoperatively, postoperatively, and at a final followup, utilizing the AOFAS forefoot scoring system. Results: Two hundred consecutive patients underwent first MTPJ arthrodeses by the same surgeon. All but three feet (230/233) (98.7%) went on to solidly fuse. Three of the patients did not fuse solidly. One patient broke two of the screws, and the other two patients did not have hardware failure. All patients dramatically improved their AOFAS scores compared with pre-surgical values. There were three minor hardware problems in the group of patients who solidly fused their joint. Conclusion: We concluded that a solid first MTPJ fusion results in excellent function and pain relief. The Accutrak first MTPJ fusion system would appear to be an ideal implant system to accomplish a fusion because of its low profile, strength, and ease of use. Compared to other methods we have used, this procedure results in a very high rate of fusion, with minimal complications and excellent patient satisfaction.
Environmental risk factors for canine toxoplasmosis in a deprived district of Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii that can infect a large variety of animals, including humans. The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of anti-T.gondii antibodies in dogs from a peripheral district of Botucatu and to establish the association among some epidemiological variables in order to evaluate risk factors for toxoplasmosis infection. Serum samples from dogs were screened using an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test. Anti-T.gondii antibody prevalence was 56%. The highest titer was 1024 (1.79%) and the most frequent titers were 16 (57.14%) and 64 (33.93%). The chi-square (X2) test revealed significant association among variables such as dog access to street, ingestion of raw meat and presence of synantropic animals in the domestic environment. These results demonstrate that toxoplasmosis is present in dogs from Jardim Santa Elisa district.
Le clic en français parlé dans une perspective linguitique et interculturelle franco-japonaise

Le clic dans le discours francais spontane n’a pas encore fait l’objet de recherches detaillees. Il peut representer pour certains apprenants en FLE un obstacle dans leur communication avec des francophones. Les fonctions et les usages du clic sont analyses d’un point de vue linguistique en recourant aux methodes de la phonetique experimentale, de la sociolinguistique et de la comparaison diachronique appliquees au corpus ESLO. De plus, en vue de caracteriser les differences de perception,nous avons realise des enquetes interculturelles franco-japonaises. Cette recherche montre que le clic en francais peut etre bilabial, dental ou apico-alveolaire. Il apparait a la jonction de deux segments en cooccurrence avec des fillers, des ligateurs(Morel et Danon-Boileau 1998) et des pauses courtes. Il est commun a tous les francophones depuis au moins une quarantaine d’annees. Neanmoins, sa frequence depend du contexte et il existe une forte variation interindividuelle. On a propose une distribution du clic selon qu’il assure une « Fonction reflexive », l’« Organisation du discours conditionnee parla syntaxe » ou une « Fonction conative ». Il est la plus phonetique des conduites co-gestuelles, ou le moins phonetique des sons du langage parle. Nous le definissons comme « peri-lexical » : une unite de segmentation qui n’est ni phonologique ni lexicale mais qui est susceptible de recevoir une interpretation. Ce son est surtout percu par les apprenants japonais ayant un filtre affectif eleve, en particulier ceux qui manquent de confiance en eux dans leurs echanges en francais.