Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) Service utilization among Youth of Hawassa town: a Health Belief Model Approach, Southern Ethiopia

Berhan Meshesha, 2014. Factors Influencing HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) Service Utilization among Youth of Hawassa Town: a Health Belief Model Approach, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Science & Developement 2(1) 2014, 49-58. In spite of its important role in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS, Voluntary Counseling & testing (VCT) service is being utilized poorly (21.9%) by the youth. Identifying the influencing factors in the utilization of the service enables the behavioral change intervention process more effective & efficient. The study was conducted in Awassa town, Southern Nation & Nationality Peoples’ Region(SNNPR) of Ethiopia t o assess factors influencing utilization of Voluntary HIV Counseling &Testing service among 18 to 24 years old adolescents in Awassa town. A crosssectional qualitative study was conducted considering Health Belief Model (HBM) approach and 05 focus group discussions & 13 in-depth interviews were conducted using semi-structured guides and audiotape recorder and the data was analyzed manually using thematic frame work (Coding Book). The three major factors perceived as inhibiting for the utilization of Voluntary Counseling & Testing (VCT) service were fear of stigma and discrimination, fear of coping with positive HIV test result and high HIV risk perception. On the other hand, the three most commonly cited perceived factor to enhance the utilization of VCT service in this study were having marriage plan, presence of Care & Support including Anti Retroviral therapy (ART) and persuasion by health professionals. It is recommended that tailored Behavioral Change Communication (B.C.C) interventions on HIV/AIDS prevention and VCT utilization should be undertaken, Advocacy, at a local level, should be made on the importance of the “voluntary” component of VCT giving emphasis on the draw backs of persuasion for HIV test. The role of HIV risk perception as a factor in influencing VCT service utilization should be further studied.
Intercultural Languages Education and Its Complex Insights: The Case of Indonesian Islamic Higher Education

The integration of intercultural aspects in teaching and learning on target language is salient as it would benefit both for communicative competence and minimizing the possible misunderstanding between second language learners and the speakers of the target language. The inter-cultural aspects themselves are regarded as the democratic view of learning the language as they look closely and compare the learner’s culture and the target’s language culture, similar to the concept of ethnographic conversations to enhance inter-cultural learning (Heuser, 2012). The elaboration of the concepts of language, culture and inter-culture as well as teacher’s intra-cultural profile in relation to classroom pedagogy is essential. This would provide insightful knowledge for language teacher’s professional development and second language learner for their learning process.
Dithiocarbamate Toxicity - An Appraisal

Dithiocarbamates (DTC) are organosulfur compounds represented by a general structure (R1R2)N-(C=S)-SX, where R can be substituted by an alkyl, alkylene, aryl, or similar other group, and X usually by a metal ion (Edwards, 1991; Kamrin, 1997; US EPA, 2001). Discovered in the 1930s, the DTC were first introduced as fungicides for commercial applications during World War II (Ware & Whitacre, 2004). Besides their wide use as fungicides for treatment of crops, vegetables, seeds, and ornamental plants, they are also used as accelerators in the rubber industry, animal repellants, and biocides in many household products (Edwards et al., 1991; Kamrin, 1997). Figure 1 shows examples of some common DTC pesticides. Thiram, disulfiram, ziram, and ferbam are analogous dialkyl DTC with differences in their R groups and the later two containing different metal ions between their S atoms. Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) is a monomeric DTC which contains a five member ring attached to its N atom. It is a metabolic inhibitor used in cell physiological studies (Schreck et al., 1992; Cvek and Dvorak, 2007). In ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamates (EBDTC), the R groups of two DTC molecules form an ethylene bridge. The EBDTC are regarded as polymeric DTC because their metal ions can bind several molecules to form polymeric complexes. Some examples of EBDTC are zineb, maneb, and mancozeb which are used in preharvest agricultural applications. The DTC anions are highly reactive which can conjugate with other molecules containing SH groups and form metal chelates. The multisite interactions of DTC give them advantage to influence the biological activities of different proteins, enzymes, and exert toxic effects. Some of those modes of action of DTC compounds have been exploited for their use in clinical applications (Morrison et al., 2010). However, the extensive use of these chemicals in agriculture has raised concern for their effects as occupational and ecotoxicological hazards. Several reviews on the biological and toxicological effects of DTC summarize many studies in the field (Edwards et al., 1991; US EPA, 2001; Cvek and Dvorak, 2007). The objective of this review is to highlight some of the recent findings on the effects of dialkyl DTC and EBDTC with emphasis on studies of the avian system which has not been a focus of earlier literature.
DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRATIC THEORY

▪ Abstract Deliberative democratic theory has moved beyond the “theoretical statement” stage and into the “working theory” stage. Although this essay revisits some of the main theoretical debates, this is done via a survey and evaluation of the state of deliberative democratic theory as it is being applied in a number of research areas and as it intersects with related normative debates. Five research areas are covered: public law, international relations, policy studies, empirical research, and identity politics.
Audio event detection on Google's Audio Set database: Preliminary results using different types of DNNs

This paper focuses on the audio event detection problem, in particular on Google Audio Set, a database published in 2017 whose size and breadth are unprecedented for this problem. In order to explore the possibilities of this dataset, several classifiers based on different types of deep neural networks were designed, implemented and evaluated to check the impact of factors such as the architecture of the network, the number of layers and the codification of the data in the performance of the models. From all the classifiers tested, the LSTM neural network showed the best results with a mean average precision of 0.26652 and a mean recall of 0.30698. This result is particularly relevant since we use the embeddings provided by Google as input to the DNNs, which are sequences of at most 10 feature vectors and therefore limit the sequence modelling capabilities of LSTMs.
Design and Improvement of Step Slotted Microstrip Monopolar Patch Antenna using Defected Ground Structure (DGS)

A new low profile and broadband monopolar patch antenna is proposed. Previously, long rectangular patch antennas have been designed with a compact structure and high gain, but these antennas do not have the required monopolar radiation pattern. On the other hand there have been patches designed to have wide bandwidth by employing thick substrates. However, the profile of such antennas may be too high for certain applications. We propose a low profile patch antenna with wide bandwidth, high gain, high directivity and monopole like radiation pattern. The proposed antenna has a bandwidth of 1.396% and gain of 4.75 dBi with monopole like radiation pattern at 5.156 GHz for an infinite ground plane. Using Defected Ground Structure (DGS) resonant frequencies are obtained at 3.836, 5.18 and 6.644 GHz, with bandwidth of 18.902% and gain of 8.66 dBi.
Molecular cloning and expression analysis of FvMYB 1 from Fraxinus velutina

Tian LI, Zhen-Ying PENG, Yu-Ping BI*, Zhong-Xue FAN College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, P.R. China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops and Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Huanghuaihai, Ministry of Agriculture, Hi-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Shandong, P.R. China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Shandong, P.R. China
SUPER QUANTUM DISCORD OF X STATES UNDER LOCAL NONDISSIPATIVE CHANNELS *

In this paper, we analytically evaluate the super quantum discord of a family of X states with four parameters under three kinds of local nondissipative channels: bit flip channel, phase flip channel and bit phase flip channel. Besides, we make a comparious of the three results and get the conclusion that different channels make different impact on the quantumness.
Preventive Effects of Fermented Brown Rice and Rice Bran on Spontaneous Lymphomagenesis in AKR/NSlc Female Mice

Fermented brown rice and rice bran with Aspergillus oryzae (FBRA) is known to possess potentials to prevent chemical carcinogenesis in multiple organs of rodents. In the present study, possible chemopreventive effect of FBRA against spontaneous occurrence of lymphomas was examined using female AKR/NSlc mice. Four-week-old female AKR/NSlc mice were divided into three groups, and fed diets containing FBRA for 26 weeks at a dose level 0% (Group 1), 5% (Group 2) or 10% (Group 3). At the termination of experiment, the incidence of thymic malignant lymphoma of Group 3 was significantly lower than of Group 1 (p < 0.05). The average number of apoptotic cells of the thymic lymphoma of Group 3 was significantly larger than that of Group 1 (p < 0.05). In addition, the incidences of malignant lymphoma arising from body surface and abdominal lymph nodes, and the frequencies of lymphoma cell invasion to liver, kidney, spleen, and ovary of Group 3 were relatively lower than those of Group 1. These results indicate that FBRA inhibits spontaneous development of the lymphoma in female AKR/NSc mice and the inhibition of lymphomagenesis may relate to the induction of apoptosis by exposure of FBRA, suggesting that FBRA could be a protective agent against development of human lymphoma.
The Effect of Ambivalence on On-Leash Dog Walking Compliance Behavior in Parks and Protected Areas

This study employed the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to examine how ambivalence affects compliance of visitors to regulation concerning on-leash dog requirement in a national park setting. Pacific Rim National Park Reserve in British Columbia, Canada, has a substantial challenge with off-leash dogs, which interfere with shorebirds and contribute to habituation of wolves that come to view dogs as prey. Historically, the park has favored indirect visitor education strategies over direct enforcement. These visitor education strategies rely upon frequency and intensity of information, conservation appeal for keeping wolves unhabituated and “wild,” respecting sensitive shorebird habitat, and fear, by presenting dogs as prey. However, the ineffectiveness of current strategies and ongoing visitor noncompliance with dog-leashing regulations has presented a significant challenge, highlighting the importance of theory in developing effective strategies to influence visitor behavior. Following TPB methodology, interviews were conducted with compliers (dogs on-leash) and noncompliers (dogs off-leash) from which a survey was developed. Results found a strong relationship between behavior, intentions, and the three factors that influence intentions: attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. However, relations were weaker between each of these factors and the relevant beliefs thought to be influencing each factor. The next phase of analysis examined ambivalence, which occurs when visitors hold conflicting attitudinal beliefs about a desired behavior. In this ambivalence situation, park visitors may choose not to reflect on beliefs when forming their attitudes about complying with on-leash regulations. Park regulations and communications usually target attitudinal beliefs in order to influence visitor behavior, but under conditions of ambivalence, this kind of strategy may not be effective. In an ambivalence situation, messages to achieve compliance should be directed at influencing norms and perceived control, rather than just attempting to influence attitudes.In addition to messaging, alternative strategies to influence visitor behavior may be warranted that emphasize community level outreach initiatives focused on personal contact. Patrolling and on-leash enforcement in combination with outreach may be more effective. Seasonal closures to sensitive areas during peak migration may also make enforcement a less daunting task of managing visitors in such a large area. Providing an alternative beach area or other location where dogs can run free may also make it easier for park visitors with dogs to engage in compliance behavior. Media, social media, “prompts” that remind people to “leash up,” and messages delivered by a credible source also have the potential to influence on-leash behavior. Subscribe to JPRA
Customer perception towards Internet banking w . r . f to private and foreign banks in India

Banking is a highly information intensive activity that relies heavily on information technology (IT) to acquire, process, and deliver the information to all relevant customers. Banks used the Internet technology as a strategic weapon to revolutionize the way they operate, deliver, and compete against each other. As a result Online Banking was introduced as a channel where bank customers could perform their financial transactions electronically via their banks’ Web sites. In this study an analysis of the differences in risk perceptions between bank customers using Internet Banking and those not using Internet Banking was done and it showed that risk perceptions in terms of financial, psychological and safety risks among customer not using the internet was more meaningful than those using internet banking. Customers not preferring to use internet banking thought that they would be swindled when using this service, and therefore, are particularly careful about high risk expectation during money transfers from and between accounts. Private and foreign banks are trying to turn more and more customer towards the usage of internet for the banking transaction. This study is basically to know the relation of various independent variables on the customer usage of internet for banking.
A study on the level of stress and the influence of socio-demographic factors on stress level among the working women in the state of Kerala

Women play vital roles in the process of decision making both in work place and family. Indian culture considers women as care takers of the family members. In contrary to the traditional notions, women are moving from home maker’s par name to working women. More number of women is entering into workforce that is very much challenging and innovative. Aforementioned state gives a double role to most of the women as working women and house wives without any interval. Here a study is undertaken on the level of stress of women who are in the dual standards of family and profession. The study tries to identify the stressful life faced by women in the society. The result indicates that financial position of the family, travelling time and mode of travelling affect the intensity of stress among the working women. It provides us an opportunity to give suggestions to women in facing and challenging critical situations of their lives effectively. Keywords: Stress, Working women, Socio-demographic
Acute and chronic toxicity studies of hydromethanol leaf extract of Helianthus annuus Linn. in rats

Objective: To investigate the safety levels of hydromethanol leaf extract of Helianthus annuus Linn. (H. annuus) in rat. Methods: Acute oral toxicity test of hydromethanol leaf extract of H. annuus was conducted through up and down method at 2.00 g/kg dose limit in rats. The chronic toxicity study was conducted by administering different concentrations (0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 g/ kg) of hydromethanol extract of H. annuus in feed, for 90 consecutive days. On days 30, 60 and 90, blood samples were collected from the retro-orbital plexus of the rats for determination of serum biochemical parameters. Histopathological examination of the pancreas, livers, kidneys and testis were also conducted. Results: The LD50 of the hydromethanol extract of H. annuus was greater than 2.00 g/kg and it significantly (P < 0.05) reduced serum cholesterol. On days 60 and 90, the serum urea and creatinine levels of hydromethanol extract of H. annuus treated groups were elevated when compared with the control group. There were fibrosis in the kidneys and livers; degeneration and necrosis in the testis and significant dose-dependent increases in number and size of pancreatic islet of langerhans. Conclusions: The findings suggest that hydromethanol extract of H. annuus is tolerated in short term administration, but long term (up to 90 days) administration at high doses, may elicit hepatic, testicular and nephrotic disorder.
Variations on the Mineralogical Particle Properties of Atmospheric Saharan Dust from Different Source Regions

The geographical proximity of the Sahara-Sahel dust corridor to the Mediterranean basin and the occurrence of certain meteorological scenarios favour intense dust episodes over the whole basin and strongly affect the surface PM10 ambient levels (Moreno et al., 2005). In some particular cases such as in the central region of the Iberian Peninsula (IP), African dust storms from long-range transport, jointly with regional recirculation, make of mineral dust the main contributor to the PM10 mass. The presence of dust, which can act as Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) and Ice Nuclei (IC), is known to affect cloud optical properties and the formation of rain. It also affects the climate system by changing the energy balance of solar and thermal radiation (IPCC, 2007). But mineral dust does not travel alone. Several types of pollen and fungi spores together with several thousand types of microorganisms, very different from the native species, are also transported and can influence ecosystems and human health. In addition, interactions with other species during transport can modify its physicochemical and optical properties and serve as condensation nuclei for species such as organics, sulphates or chlorine. As a positive factor dust can also act as a fertilizer, providing nutrients to both marine and terrestrial ecosystems.
Simulation of realistic mobility patterns for mobile ad hoc networks

Due to the difficulties associated to real tests, the evaluation and comparison of the performance of ad hoc networks are usually based on simulations. Simulations require the settings of several parameters as the traffic patterns, the radio propagation channel or the mobility model that the nodes follow. Several mobility models have already been proposed in order to describe the real behaviour of mobile users. The Random WayPoint is one of the most extended mobility patterns employed in the MANET research activities. Although its popularity, some lacks are present in it. One of the main drawbacks is related to its inability to consider obstacles in order to restrict the positions of mobile devices. In this paper, we analyse the importance that this characteristic has on the performance of real ad hoc network scenarios. The results show that, although the absolute values of the different metrics employed for the computation of network performance are different, the tendencies of the general behaviour are similar.
The Evaluation of Information in Organizations

Abstract : Contents: Team decision problems with quadratic payoff functions Characterization of optimal decision functions and value of information in the quadratic case Generation of information structures by processes of observation, communication, and computation Complete communication, complete information, and routine No communication and a case of complete infor mational decentralization Partitioned communication Dissemination of independent information Error in instruction Complete communication of erroneous observations Management by exception: reporting exceptions Management by exception: emergency conference Comparisons among the several information structures
Lipid Peroxidation and Oxidative Protein Products as Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in the Autogenous Mosquito, Aedes caspius, Upon Infection with the Mosquitocidal Bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki

It has recently been shown that Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk) suppressed both immune and antioxidant responses in the autogenous mosquito, Aedes caspius. The purpose of the presented study herein was to investigate the concomitant oxidative stresses upon infection with Btk. Data showed elevation in the level of both lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, as important oxidative stress biomarkers, in Btk-infected Ae. caspius mosquitoes. In larval mosquitoes, Btk-infection induced significant higher levels of both lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation at 12 and 24h post-infection compared to those of control ones. In adult mosquitoes, Btk-inoculation has induced significant higher lipid peroxidation at 12 and 24h post-inoculation compared to control ones, while E. coli- inoculation induced significant higher lipid peroxidation at 12h post-inoculation only compared to control ones. However, significant high protein oxidation was shown only at 12h post-Btk inoculation but not in E. coli-inoculated mosquitoes compared to control ones in each case. These data may indicate that oxidative stress was more pronounced in Btk-inoculated adult mosquitoes than that in E. coli-inoculated ones. Moreover, Btk-induced oxidative stress was more pronounced in larvae than that in adult mosquitoes. Consequently, these findings suggest that the oxidative stress-induced cellular damage in mosquito larvae may be considered as an important pathogenicity mechanism of Btk against host mosquito larvae.
Part of speech n-grams and Information Retrieval

Les tentatives d’utilisation de connaissances linguistiques en recherche d’information (RI) ont commence dans les annees 1980 et se sont developpees dans les annees 1990, en mettant en evidence des ameliorations de performance (voir les syntheses de Smeaton 1986 et 1999, Karlgren 1993, et Tait 2005). Depuis lors, ces tentatives sont allees decroissant : les performances des systemes basiques se sont ameliorees et le cout du traitement linguistique ne justifiait pas le petit benefice obtenu (Tait 2005). La plupart des recherches en linguistique pour la RI ont aujourd’hui tendance a se tourner vers les applications de domaines specifiques, qui semblent mieux beneficier de ces connaissances, comme les systemes de question-reponse (Tait & Oakes 2006). Bien que ces applications soient importantes, elles ne couvrent pas toute la recherche en linguistique pour la RI. Dans cet article, nous presentons une autre utilisation de la linguistique, plus precisement des informations sur les categories grammaticales, pour ponderer le contenu informatif de sequences de texte. Cette ponderation est une nouvelle application de la linguistique en RI et peut ameliorer la performance des systemes en general.