Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Case of Giant Primary Pleuropulmonary Synovial Sarcoma

Synovial sarcomas represent an extremely rare subtype of an already rare group of malignancies, soft tissue sarcomas. Among these, primary pulmonary synovial sarcomas comprise an even smaller number, though they have become more frequently reported in the literature. This case report details a case of giant primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma in a 44-year-old male patient who presented with left-sided chest pain and shortness of breath and was found to have a large left-sided pleural effusion. No malignant cells were demonstrated on cytology of pleural fluid after thoracentesis; however, CT-guided needle biopsy of pleural nodules seen on imaging demonstrated pathologic features consistent with monophasic type synovial sarcoma. He was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy with minimal response; thus, he was referred for surgical management. A left extrapleural pneumonectomy with resection of the left hemi-diaphragm and Gore-Tex prosthetic reconstruction was performed. Imaging at six-month follow-up demonstrated a new nodule in the contralateral lung, suggestive of metastasis at that time and the patient later developed ascites at nine months, consistent with further intra-abdominal metastasis. Perhaps early diagnosis and aggressive multimodality therapy may have a place in the treatment of this aggressive disease.
Influence of age and education on a performance-based measure of everyday functioning

Abstract Sociodemographic variables, such as age and education, influence the determination of impairment on neuropsychological tests, but their influence on impairment determinations for tests of everyday functioning is less well defined. Existing studies suggest that older age and lower education levels are associated with worse everyday functioning when assessed by self- or collateral-report. This relationship, however, has not been thoroughly investigated with performance-based methods of everyday functioning. This study aimed to determine the influence of sociodemographic factors on the Functional Impact Assessment (FIA), a performance-based measure of everyday functioning that includes measures of both accuracy and speed. Seventy-three healthy individuals, ages 42 − 88 years, completed the FIA and an additional everyday functioning self-report questionnaire (Functional Activities Questionnaire). Using a multiple regression statistical approach, age and education predicted overall FIA accuracy, while age alone predicted FIA speed. Sociodemographic variables continued to predict FIA performance when controlling for overall cognitive functioning. Sociodemographic variables were unrelated to FAQ scores. These findings indicate that age and education are associated with scores on a performance-based test of everyday functioning. Demographic corrections may improve accuracy in determining functional impairment, but more research is needed given the complex relationships among demographic factors, healthy aging, and dementia risk.
Youth Volunteerism, as Non-formal Education, for Professional and Social Integration of Young Labor Force in Pakistan

Young people are an asset to Pakistan, and they can play a vital role in the country's social and economic development. Non-formal education to promote volunteering activity in Pakistan can endorse the professional and social integration of the young labor force by preparing them with the labor's contemporary skills. The current study is an attempt to explore the situation in Pakistan and identify: (a) if non-formal education plays a role in youth's engagement in volunteering activity; (b) why young people volunteer; (c) what they can learn through volunteering; (d) the significant barriers which can prevent them from volunteering even after getting the training and opportunities to volunteer. Data was collected using purposive sampling from 4 different nonprofit organizations (NPOs), with city offices in three major cities of Pakistan. NPOs, on their end, collected the data form the youth volunteers working with them randomly using an online survey. The research findings revealed that non-formal education plays a significant role in ensuring young people's engagement in volunteering activity. The findings and recommendations from the study can guide youth initiatives and policies in Pakistan to include systematic and consistent non-formal education programs to promote youth volunteerism in Pakistan.
The Effectiveness of a Proposed Program Titled (Creativity Lamp) in Raising the Primary School Students’ Academic Achievement and Promoting Creativity among Them in Kuwait

The present study aimed to explore the effectiveness of a proposed program titled (creativity lamp) in improving students’ thinking skills and academic achievement and promoting creativity among them in Kuwait. This program involves several enrichment activities. The experimental group consists from 26 students. The control group consists from 25 students. Those students were randomly selected from a school named Al-Ma’moun Primary School. The proposed program is based on extracurricular activities. The teacher was trained about the way of implementing the program. The program was implemented throughout the semester. Through using the Torrance test of creative thinking-figural, it was found that the proposed program has a statistically significant impact –at the statistical significance of (a=0.001)- on the students’ academic achievement and creativity. The researchers recommend adding enrichment activities to the curricula of primary school students in Kuwait.
Do Green Building Standards Meet the Biophilic Design Strategies?

Energy efficiency in buildings, comprises many things as mitigation effect of global warming and climate change, decreasing heat island effect in the built environment and also conservation of natural resources. Besides as a new phenomenon we should add biophilic design criteria to the green building tools to increase human productivity by considering human wellbeing. Biophilic design, which inspired by nature, is a new juvenile design concept that gains importance day by day because of its positive effects on human wellbeing mood and relatedly human productivity. Here some conflicts can be occurred between energy saving and human wellbeing; as natural ventilation and energy saving. Biophilic design comprises inherent human inclination to affiliate with nature. All sensations which help to be in contact with natural components as daylight, plants or some animal species like birds; plants occupy an important place in its definition. Biophilic design seeks to create good habitat for people as a biological organism in the modern built environment that promotes people’s health, fitness and wellbeing. Scientific studies reveal that contact with nature has significant effects on people’s physical and mental health, performance and wellbeing. This phenomenon has, an increasing importance more than ever before, especially in daily life. The need for beneficial contact with nature continues in today’s built environment. This paper aims to determine whether the biophilic design strategies are match with green building tools that mostly targeting energy saving in built environment. Also paper handling whether the 14 biophilic design patterns are match with 3 main mind-body systems that are; stress reduction, cognitive performance and emotion mood preference.
Rice Yield Gaps in Smallholder Systems of the Kilombero Floodplain in Tanzania

To meet the growing rice demand in Africa, gaps between actual and attainable yields have to be reduced. In Tanzania, this particularly concerns smallholder rain-fed production systems in the floodplains. After quantifying the existing yield gaps, key contributing factors need to be analyzed to improve site-specific management. Field experiments were conducted for three years and in three pedo-hydrological environments (fringe, middle, and center positions) of the Kilombero floodplain to evaluate: (1) The grain yield under farmers’ management (actual yield), (2) yield with the best-recommended management (attainable yield), and (3) the non-limited yield simulated by the APSIM model (potential yield). In the field, we additionally assessed incremental effects of (1) field bunding and soil levelling, (2 and 3) additionally applying of 60 kg N ha−1, as urea or as farmyard manure (FYM), and (4 and 5) incorporating in-situ-grown leguminous green manures. Attainable yields were determined with mineral N application at 120 kg ha−1, additional PK fertilizer and supplemental irrigation. On average across years and positions, the potential, the attainable, and farmers’ actual yields were 11.5, 8.5, and 2.8 t ha−1 indicating a high total yield gap. About 16–38%, 11–20%, and 28–42% of this gap could be attributed to non-controllable yield-reducing (i.e., pest and diseases), yield-limiting (i.e., water and nutrient deficiencies), and yield-defining factors (i.e., poor soil and crop management), respectively. Results indicate a closure of the exploitable yield gap (differences between attainable and farmers’ actual yields) by up to 6.5 t ha−1 (nearly 60% of the potential yield). This exploitable yield gap was larger in 2016 than in 2017. Also, the gap was larger in the water-limited fringe and middle than in the frequently submerged center positions. Simple field bunds combined with land levelling could close 15–35% of the exploitable yield gap, depending on field positions and year. FYM or green manures were less effective than mineral N; however, in 2017 and in the wetter middle and center positions, they reduced the yield gap by >50%. We conclude that yield gaps in rainfed rice in Kilombero floodplain are large, but that a site- and system-specific adaptation of crop management can close much of the exploitable yield gap and increase grain yields by 0.7–4.8 t ha−1. Similar benefits may be obtained in other hydrologically variable floodplain environments of the region and beyond.
Ground Motion Model for Spectral Displacement of Intermediate-Depth Earthquakes Generated by Vrancea Seismic Source

In support of displacement-based design (DBD), an attenuation model for the prediction of the spectral displacement of intermediate-depth earthquakes generated by Vrancea source is proposed. DBD is an alternative to force-based design, the main benefits being a better and confident description of the structural response and the removal of some of the inconsistencies of force-based code design. The basic input for DBD is the displacement response spectrum (DRS). Vrancea intermediate-depth source is responsible for the seismic hazard for most of the Romanian territory. The source produces, on average, two or three earthquakes with MW >7.0 per century, the prominent characteristics being the large displacement demand and large predominant periods (≈ 1.5 s) for sites located in the Romanian Plain. The model is applicable for sites positioned in front of the South-Eastern Carpathian Arc on type B and C soils. Equations predicting spectral displacement were developed by two-stage regression analysis, using a database containing national analog records of moderate-strong earthquakes and the available digital records, of smaller earthquakes. The model was extended for periods up to 8.0 s using national digital strong motion records and Japanese high-quality digital records of earthquakes triggered by a similar seismo-tectonic environment. The model successfully reproduced observed data, for both type B and C soils and the goodness of fit was tested using methods available in literature.
Subnational Variation Across States: A Typology and Research Agenda

C of Ecuador have access to healthcare services in some regions of the country, but its quality varies widely. In neighboring Colombia, children have access to relatively better and more reliable health programs across the country, but in some regions, armed actors extract rents from the healthcare system as they challenge public order (Eaton 2006). Venezuelans have also faced the state’s inability to uphold public order, even though for a time in the 2000s, access to education was quite high throughout the country. Eaton notes that compared to Europe, “limited state capacity and highly incomplete processes of state formation have created a fertile landscape for the emergence of much more significant and destabilizing forms of territorial heterogeneity in Latin America” (2017, 6). We define territorial heterogeneity as subnational variation across territorial units in the provision of goods and protection of rights by states. O’Donnell (1999) identified substantial territorial heterogeneity across the region and highlighted how uneven rights protections by the state will necessarily shape the nature of democracy. The articles in this special issue contribute to a vibrant field that addresses these core issues of state presence and regime type and how they vary subnationally (e.g., Behrend and Whitehead 2016; Ch et al. 2018; Enriquez et al. 2017; Giraudy and Luna 2017; Harbers 2015; Snyder 2001). The articles analyze how the provision of public goods and protection of rights vary across territory within countries. This focus on territorial heterogeneity contrasts with other forms of within-country heterogeneity in access and distribution, such as socioeconomic inequality or variation across ethnic and racial groups (see also Otero-Bahamón 2019; Rogers 2020). In this introduction, we propose a conceptual framework to characterize territorial heterogeneity across states and over time, based on the contributions to the special
Effect of electrode surface micro-protrusions on the breakdown time delay and jitter for nanosecond pulsed gas discharge under hundreds of kV/cm in sulfur hexafluoride

For nanosecond pulsed gas discharge under hundreds of kV/cm in sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), the electric field emission (EFE) effect may be the mechanism of the initial electrons. Electrode surface micro-protrusions (ESMPs) generated after discharging, would affect the discharge process under a high electric field. To investigate the effect of ESMPs on the breakdown time delay and jitter, the breakdown characteristics of different electrode materials and surface roughness are determined in this paper. Three types of electrode materials include stainless 304L, EDM-AF5 graphite, and CuW70 W-Cu alloy. The influences of stainless 304L electrodes with surface roughness coefficients of 1.6 and 0.8 on the breakdown delay and jitter are compared. After 700 discharge shots, the morphology characteristics and distributions of ESMPs are observed by a contourgraph. Based on the statistical results of ESMPs and EFE theory, the relationship between the electric field of EFE and ESMPs can be calculated. In addition, the effective electron rates of negative ion detachment (NID) are estimated. The experimental and calculation results indicate that the initial electrons are mainly produced by the EFE effect. When the pressure is below 0.5 MPa, the NID effect is limited and the breakdown time delay and jitter are dependent on the height to radius ratio and distributions of ESMPs. Once the pressure exceeds 0.5 MPa, the NID effect will be significant and the influence of ESMPs can be neglected.
ROBUST AND ACCURATE PLANE SEGMENTATION FROM POINT CLOUDS OF STRUCTURED SCENES

Abstract. Plane segmentation from the point cloud is an important step in various types of geo-information related to human activities. In this paper, we present a new approach to accurate segment planar primitives simultaneously by transforming it into the best matching issue between the over-segmented super-voxels and the 3D plane models. The super-voxels and its adjacent topological graph are firstly derived from the input point cloud as over-segmented small patches. Such initial 3D plane models are then enriched by fitting centroids of randomly sampled super-voxels, and translating these grouped planar super-voxels by structured scene prior (e.g. orthogonality, parallelism), while the generated adjacent graph will be updated along with planar clustering. To achieve the final super-voxels to planes assignment problem, an energy minimization framework is constructed using the productions of candidate planes, initial super-voxels, and the improved adjacent graph, and optimized to segment multiple consistent planar surfaces in the scenes simultaneously. The proposed algorithms are implemented, and three types of point clouds differing in feature characteristics (e.g. point density, complexity) are mainly tested to validate the efficiency and effectiveness of our segmentation method.
Expression analysis suggests potential roles for PH-LIKE (PHL) genes in diploid strawberry Fragaria vesca L. seedling hormone response and fruit development

ABSTRACT Acidity is a critical determinant for fruit sweetness in fleshy fruits. A recent molecular genetic study in sweet melon has revealed that the PH gene, encoding a protein most closely related to the Arabidopsis auxin efflux carrier family (PILS), acts as a critical regulator of fruit acidity. To provide insights into the possible role of PH-LIKE (PHL) genes in strawberry fruit acidity control, we identified a total of six PHL genes, FvPHL1 to FvPHL6, in a diploid strawberry fruit model system, Fragaria vesca L. Yellow Wonder 5AF7. These FvPHL genes exhibit distinct organ expression patterns. FvPHL1, the melon PH ortholog, was expressed in roots, leaves, flowers and fruits, while FvPHL2/3/6 were preferentially expressed in fruits. In addition, FvPHL genes exhibit fruit development and ripening-related expression patterns. Interestingly, FvPHL1/3/5/6 were all induced by exogenous auxin treatments in seedlings. In addition, FvPHL5 was slightly inhibited by abscisic acid (ABA), while the other five PHL genes were up-regulated by ABA in seedlings. However, auxin and ABA did not seem to affect FvPHL expression in developing fruits. These results indicate that some of FvPHL genes may be involved in auxin and ABA response in seedling growth and act in fruit development including acidity control.
The interpretation of carbon-13 spin-lattice relaxation resulting from ring puckering in proline

A calculation of /sup 13/C relaxation parameters for a system undergoing overall isotropic motion as well as internal conformational fluctuation between two stable states is presented. Dependence of T/sub 1/ on the lifetimes of the two conformations, the angle defined by the particular C-H vector and the effective axis about which it rotates, and the range through which it rotates are considered. Relaxation data for proline and proline-containing peptides have been analyzed on the basis of several models for proline puckering: interconversion between two envelope forms with C/sup . gamma. / puckered, interconversion between two C/sup . beta. /--C/sup . gamma. / half-chair forms, and an intermediate case. Consideration of the /sup 13/C T/sub 1/ values for each proline carbon indicates that for most cases the two stable conformational states correspond to approximate C/sup . beta. /--C/sup . gamma. / half-chairs with C/sup . gamma. / exhibiting a somewhat greater angular displacement than C/sup . beta. /. Reasonable values for the NT/sub 1//sup . gamma. //NT/sub 1//sup . cap alpha. / ratio can be obtained by requiring roughly equal lifetimes approximately 10/sup -11/--10/sup -12/ s for the two states and a typical range of motion for the C/sup . gamma. /--H vectors approximately 50 to 70/sup 0/. These results appear to be consistent with available theoretical calculations, x-ray data, andmore » conclusions based on /sup 1/H--/sup 1/H scalar coupling studies. « less
Genetic diversity of pinto and fresh bean (Phaseolusvulgaris L.) germplasm collected from Erzincan province of Turkey by inter-primer binding site (iPBS) retrotransposon markers

Halil İbrahim ÖZTÜRK*, Atilla DURSUN, Arash HOSSEINPOUR, Kamil HALİLOĞLU Health Services Vocational School, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO Ardabil (Moghan), Iran
Characterization of elemental ratios and oxidative ratio of horticultural peat

Peatlands occupy 20% of the land area of Ireland and store over half of soil carbon stocks. Over 80% of these peatlands have been disturbed by human activity such as drainage for peat extraction, afforestation and agriculture. In this study, peat samples were collected from 12 horticultural peat extraction sites in the Irish midlands. The carbon (C), nitrogen (N), hydrogen and sulphur content were determined, and from these, the carbon oxidation state (Cox) and oxidative ratio (OR) were calculated. The carbon oxidation ratio reflects organic matter synthesis and degradation, and is thus an important parameter in understanding terrestrial carbon cycling, whilst OR represents the molar ratio of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes associated with net ecosystem exchange. Elemental concentrations and ratios were typical for Irish horticultural peat (e.g. carbon concentrations 54%–57%), though showed site to site variability. Cox and OR values varied between −0.22 and −0.11, and 1.04 and 1.07, respectively, and were comparable to United Kingdom peat soils. All values for OR were lower than 1.1, the value commonly used in global CO2 partitioning studies. Further research should investigate OR values in peatland which has not been studied to date. Across all sites, measures of increased decomposition (i.e. C/N ratios) significantly correlated with increasing OR reflecting more reduced organic matter. This study provides data in temperate peat soils that increases the coverage of Cox and OR values and will inform global CO2 partitioning studies.
Punctuated temporalities: Temporal borders in student-migrants’ everyday lives

The punctuation of time through visas and residence permits intimately affects temporary migrants’ everyday lives. The temporal forms of control engendered through the global border and visa regime and their impact on fragmenting lived time have received little attention in comparison to the extensively studied spatial aspects of migration, particularly in the research context of mobility conceptualised as skilled migration. By drawing on in-depth interviews with migrants holding a temporary student status in Finland, the article examines the ways in which temporal borders bring about punctuated temporalities among non-EU/EEA student-migrants. Moreover, it demonstrates how the time limits of the student permit offer fruitful ground for the production of a low-paid labour force and how temporal borders assist in hierarchising this labour force in terms of mobility and rights. The article contributes to the sociological literature on migration and precarious labour markets by emphasising the analytical relevance of examining temporal borders as engendering a hierarchising function of the border regime and the role of temporal borders in facilitating the production of precarious migrant labour.