Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INFORMATION HIDING IN EDGE LOCATION OF VIDEO USING AMALGAMATE FFT AND CUBIC SPLINE

This paper presents the concealment of information based on the use videos as a cover to hide the existence of the secret message. The secret message is encrypted using RSA before being embedded in the cover video. This encrypted secret message is then embedded in predetermine locations using Lest Significant Bits (LSB), and real part of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Finally inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) is applied. The locations are cubic spline control points which are derived from detection the edge upon using (prewitt and canny). These control points are dynamically changed with each video frame to reduce the possibility of statistically identifying the locations of the secret message bits, even if the original cover video is made available to the interceptor. The proposed method is evaluated in terms of the Average Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (APSNR), as well as the Average Mean Square Error (AMSE) measured between the original and steganography video. Results show minimal degradation of the steganography video for secret message.
Exosome dynamics and changes in a selection of their microRNA cargo in response to an acute bout of eccentrically-biased exercise in healthy human volunteers

ii Uittreksel . iii Acknowledgements . iv Table of contents. v List of tables and figures . viii List of acronyms and abbreviations . ix Chapter 1: Skeletal muscle . 1 1.
Can Decentralisation Improve Rural Water supply services

Decentralisation in delivery of basic services to rural households has gained prominence in recent times especially after the 73rd Amend­ ment of the Constitution. This has made provision for devolving powers and re­ sponsibilities upon the local governments, the panchayats or panchayati raj insti­ tutions (PRIs), for implementation of schemes to deliver essential services such as drinking water supply, sanitation, street lighting and roads.
Enablers for change. A mixed-methods study of Lean-based quality improvement in hospitals

Background: Lean thinking as a quality improvement approach is introduced in hospitals worldwide, although evidence for its impact is scarce. Lean initiatives are social, complex and context-dependent. This calls for a shift from cause–effect to conditional attributions to understand how lean works. In this study, we bring attention to the transformative power of local translation, which creates different versions of lean in different contexts, and thereby affect the evidence for lean as well as the success of lean initiatives within and among hospitals. Methods: We explored the travel of lean within a hospital in Norway by identifying local actors’ perceptions of lean through their images of enablers for successful interventions. These attributions describe the characteristics of lean in use, i.e. the prevailing version of lean. Local actors’ perceptions of enablers for lean interventions were collected through focus group interviews with three groups of stakeholders: managers, internal consultants and staff. A questionnaire was used to reveal the enablers relative importance. Results: The enablers known from the literature were retrieved at the case hospital. The only exception was that external expert change agents were not believed to promote lean. In addition, the stakeholders added a number of new and supplementary enablers. Two-thirds of the most important enablers for success were novel, local ones. Among these were a problem, not method focus, a bottom-up approach, the need of internal consultants, credibility, realism and patience. The local actors told different stories about local enablers and had different images of lean depending on their hierarchical level. Discussion: By comparing and analyzing the findings from the literature review, the focus groups and the survey, we deduced that the travel of lean within the hospital was affected by three principles of translation: the practical, the pragmatic, and the sceptical. Further, three logics of translation were in play: translation as a funnel, a conscious sell-in, and a wash-out. This resulted in various local versions of lean. Conclusions: We conclude that lean, introduced by the management, communicated by the internal consultants, and used by the staff, is transformed more than once within the hospital. Translation is part of the explanation for the lack of evidence for lean, and translation can be decisive for outcomes.
Quantitative Analysis of Software Approximate Correctness

Parameterized bisimulation provides an abstract description of software correctness. In real world situations, however, many software products are approximately correct. To characterize the approximate correctness, we generalize the parameterized bisimulation to numerical version and probabilistic setting. First, we propose the definition of the parameterized bisimulation index that expresses the degree to which a binary relation is parameterized bisimulation. Then, -parameterized bisimulation over environment and its substitutivity laws are presented. Finally, -parameterized probabilistic bisimulation is established to describe complicated software products with probabilistic phenomena.
The effect of using limited scene-dependent averaging kernels approximations for the implementation of fast observing system simulation experiments targeted on lower tropospheric ozone

Abstract. Practical implementations of chemical OSSEs (Observing System Simulation Experiments) usually rely on approximations of the pseudo-observations by means of a predefined parametrization of the averaging kernels, which describe the sensitivity of the observing system to the target atmospheric species. This is intended to avoid the use of a computationally expensive pseudo-observations simulator, that relies on full radiative transfer calculations. Here we present an investigation on how no, or limited, scene dependent averaging kernels parametrizations may misrepresent the sensitivity of an observing system. We carried out the full radiative transfer calculation for a three-days period over Europe, to produce reference pseudo-observations of lower tropospheric ozone, as they would be observed by a concept geostationary observing system called MAGEAQ (Monitoring the Atmosphere from Geostationary orbit for European Air Quality). The selected spatio-temporal interval is characterised by an ozone pollution event. We then compared our reference with approximated pseudo-observations, following existing simulation exercises made for both the MAGEAQ and GEOstationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO-CAPE) missions. We found that approximated averaging kernels may fail to replicate the variability of the full radiative transfer calculations. In addition, we found that the approximations substantially overestimate the capability of MAGEAQ to follow the spatio-temporal variations of the lower tropospheric ozone in selected areas, during the mentioned pollution event. We conclude that such approximations may lead to false conclusions if used in an OSSE. Thus, we recommend to use comprehensive scene-dependent approximations of the averaging kernels, in cases where the full radiative transfer is computationally too costly for the OSSE being investigated.
Generalized Predatory Impact Model: A Numerical Approach for Assessing Trophic Limits to Hatchery Releases and Controlling Related Ecological Risks

Rigorous assessment of species and ecosystem biology underpins responsible marine stock enhancement. Estimation of limits to stocking density, based on ecosystem productivity and energetic requirements of stocked species, can be used to gauge the appropriate magnitude of release densities, minimizing waste of resources, and the possibility for adverse stocking effects. A generalized mass-balance model (generalized predatory impact model) for stocking density estimation has been developed. The approach is based around the principles of ECOPATH and accounts for dynamic estimation of stocking-related ecosystem relationships at fine temporal (days) and spatial scales. The main parameter inputs include probability distributions for key biological and life-history traits of stocked species and estimates of primary productivity for the target ecosystem. The energetic requirements of stocked fish are evaluated in terms of growth and mortality as well as ontogenetic transitions in diet, habitat use, morphology, and migration. The theoretical carrying capacity for a stocked species within a given arena is assessed from primary productivity, levels of predation by stocked fish on different trophic groups, and a specified level of acceptable trophic impact. A Monte Carlo analysis of uncertainty is used to provide a probability distribution of stocking densities for a given trophic impact. The model is applied for stocking juveniles of snook (Centropomus undecimalis) in Sarasota, FL, USA, and mulloway (Argyrosomus japonicus) in Georges River, NSW, Australia. The model is useful for estimating an appropriate stocking density when planning pilot-scale fish releases. Such releases should be carefully monitored to validate model assumptions and determine density-dependent and other environmental effects.
Innovative Solutions for Seawater Use in Mining Operations

This chapter reviews the use of seawater in the mining industry in Chile, especially from the perspective of the current situation and the innovative proposals for its sustainable use. This chapter describes the current use of seawater, with and without desalting, in the mining sector in Chile, as well as its future projection. Descriptions are given for the cur‐ rent desalination systems, mining operations currently using seawater and new projects, current water distribution systems, seawater applications in hydrometallurgy and min‐ erals concentration, their environmental impacts, and difficulties in adapting processes in case of use of seawater without desalination. This is complemented by a description of mining in Chile, its importance for Chile and its relationship to the global mining. Finally, problems and opportunities are identified. A second aspect considered in this chapter is the innovative solutions that are being investigated to solve some of the prob‐ lems indicated above, including integrated seawater distribution systems, seawater bio‐ desalination, partial desalination using carbon dioxide, adaptation of process to the use of seawater without desalination, and uses of discard brines from reverse osmosis plants.
Multiple Symmetric Results for Quasilinear Elliptic Systems Involving Singular Potentials and Critical Sobolev Exponents in

This paper deals with a class of quasilinear elliptic systems involving singular potentials and critical Sobolev exponents in . By using the symmetric criticality principle of Palais and variational methods, we prove several existence and multiplicity results of G-symmetric solutions under certain appropriate hypotheses on the potentials and parameters.
Precision of age estimates from different ageing structures of Labeo bata (Hamilton) collected from river Ganga, India

Scales, opercular bones, vertebrae and otoliths collected from Labeo bata , inhabiting river Ganga were used to identify the most suitable structure for age estimation. Age estimates were evaluated between readers and between pairs of ageing structures by calculating the percent agreement, average percentage of error and coefficient of variation. Percent agreement between readers was highest for scales (87%), followed by opercular bones (81.2%), vertebrae (78.9%) and otoliths (76%). Due to highest values of percent agreement, lowest average percent error and coefficient of variation values between two readers, scales were considered to be the most suitable structure for age estimation of L. bata . When age of scales were compared with other alternative structures viz. , opercular bones, vertebrae and otoliths, the highest percent agreement (72.7%), lowest average percent error (7.61%) and coefficient of variation (10.77%) values were found between scales and opercular bones. Also, mean values of age estimates from scales were comparable (p>0.05) to those obtained from opercular bones, and were significantly (p<0.05) different from age estimates using otoliths and vertebrae.
Isolation, characterization morphological and evaluation of mycelial growth and sporulation of various means culture of Quambalaria sp

The characterization of microorganisms is strategic for plant protection. The objective was to analyze the morphological characteristics and the mycelial growth and sporulation on different culture media fungus Quambalaria sp. Morphological characterization was based on color, type of colonies, type and size of spores were used taxonomic keys and specialized literature for description and identification of fungal structures. For the assessment of mycelial growth and sporulation were used means potato dextrose agar culture (PDA), vegetable-agar (V8 agar) and oatmeal agar (OA). two isolates were obtained denominated Q1 and Q2 showed that different types of colonies and mycelial growth, and the spores of both characterized as hyaline, miniature format with obovoid the fusiform and its chambered hyphae. A linear relationship between sporulation and mycelial growth was observed, that is, the larger the sporulation, the greater mycelial growth. The means of V8-agar culture was the most stimulated mycelial growth and sporulation isolated Q1 and the BDA -1 through the isolated Q2, with the MIGS of 11.07 and 10.57 mm day , respectively. The results of this study allow us to base the start of a study on the Quambalaria gender, in northern Brazil and to add to the few reported studies on this pathosystem.
The Public Household Waste Bins – Potential Source of Contamination

The aim of our study was to investigate for the presence of total and fecal coliforms on the hand contact surface of the public household waste bins placed near the blocks of flats. The samples were taken from five different areas of the city of Timişoara. According to the Order no. 119/2014, for the aproval of Hygiene and public health standards regarding the population’s living environment, this waste bins should be maintained clean by periodically washing and, concidering that they serve for the temporary storage of household and food wastes, fecal coliforms are supposed to be absent from these surfaces. From a total of 100 analyzed samples, 27% were positive for total coliforms and 6% for fecal coliforms. Only the samples taken from a single area were all negative for fecal coliforms. In the other three areas, we found 16% and twice 4% positive samples. Analyzing the results, it can be assumed that the contact surface of these household waste bins might be a possible source of contamination with intestinal pathogens, for the people handling them. Keywors: fecal coliforms, contamination, household waste bins
Differential element assimilation by sea urchins Paracentrotus lividus in seagrass beds: implications for trophic interactions

Despite increasing evidence that herbivory in seagrass systems is more important than previously considered, many factors regulating seagrass herbivory still need to be elucidated. In this study we evaluate the importance of epiphytes and seagrass blades in sea urchin nutrition using a multiple stable-isotope approach. Our aim is to contribute to the understanding of plant-herbivore interactions in seagrass beds. Stable-isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck) were measured and compared to those of the potential food sources (i.e. the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile and its epiphytes) in a temperate seagrass meadow. Epiphytes and seagrass leaves had distinct δ 13 C (-18.7 vs. -12.8‰, respectively) and δ 15 N values (+6.4 vs. +3.6‰, respectively), while values for δ 34 S were closer (+19.4 vs. +17.0‰, respectively). Data from δ 13 C and δ 34 S indicated that both food sources contributed in approximately equal propor- tions (50%) to the bulk organic matter assimilated by Paracentrotus lividus, whereas δ 15 N measure- ments showed that approximately 90% of the nitrogen assimilated by the sea urchin is provided by epiphytes. Given the generally low nutritional quality of P. oceanica leaves, the data obtained sug- gest that epiphyte nitrogen is crucial in regulating the trophic relationships between the herbivore and the seagrass. Thus in P. oceanica meadows, epiphytes, particularly through nitrogen contribu- tion, appear to be an essential component of the diet of important herbivores such as sea urchins.
Impact of Perceived Organizational Politics on Supervisory-Rated Innovative Performance and Job Stress: Evidence from Pakistan

Perceived organizational politics, as an organizational stressor, is considered as detrimental for the effective functioning of organizational members. However, previous studies have shown some mixed evidence for the effect of perceived politics on a variety of job outcomes. The current investigation examines the impact of organizational politics on job stress and innovative job performance. To test our hypotheses, we collected data from a diverse sample of employees and their supervisors (237 paired-responses) in Pakistan. Consistent with our hypothesis we found that perceived organizational politics had detrimental effects on supervisory-rated innovative job performance. Employees, who perceived high politics in their work environment, demonstrated low levels of innovative behaviors. In contrast to the findings of previous studies conducted in North America, we found that perceived politics had no effect on job stress in Pakistani environment. Based on our findings, we discuss implications for managerial practice and directions for future research.  Moreover, previous studies have largely ignored the effects of organizational politics perceptions on creativity or innovation related job outcomes. Despite the relevance of innovative behaviors and creativity to organizational politics (a hindrance-related stressor), no study, up to our knowledge best, has examined the influence of politics perceptions on innovative performance. In addition, majority of the previous studies are based on North American samples, therefore making it difficult for both researchers and practitioners to draw inferences for non- American work settings. Based on the above discussion, we believe that it is very critical to explore the influence of politics perceptions on innovative job performance and job stress. Therefore, the objectives of the current study are threefold. First, we attempt to investigate the impact of perceived politics on supervisory-rated innovative performance. Second, we will examine the effects of politics perceptions on employees' job stress. Third, we will conduct this study in Pakistan thereby extending the perceived politics theory predominantly developed and tested in North America. This study will provide evidence for external validity to the theories of perceived organizational politics and innovative job performance.
Health inequality in india: evidence from NFHS 3

Recent research has witnessed considerable engagement with the task of comprehending the crucial determinants of health outcomes. It is observed that the burden of ill health is borne disproportionately by different population subgroups and that people of lower socio-economic status consistently experience poor health outcomes [Macinko et al 2003]. Several empirical studies have also acknowledged such incomerelated inequalities in health, propounded as the absolute income hypothesis [Kakwani et al 1997; van Doorslaer et al 1997: Humphries and van Doorslaer 2000]. In view of such findings, health promotion of the poor has emerged worldwide as a vital area for policy research and action. Policy initiatives and programmes strongly perceive that inequalities in the health outcomes of different population subgroups are characterised by certain systematic deprivations (such as poverty). Apparently, some of the Indian health policies and programmes also attempt to eliminate deprivation in the provisioning of healthcare and achieve the objective of health equity.1 In order to achieve this objective, it is important to steer policymaking through timely and systematic assessment of prevailing health inequality,2 a task that so far does not seem to have received serious attention. Although a few studies have presented regionspecific or population-subgroup-related health profiles for India, they are at best able only to reflect on disparities and not inequalities. While disparities are evaluated based on the positioning around aggregate outcome, inequalities have to be adjudged according to specific ethical or economic ideals. Moreover, for ensuring equitable and efficient allocation of public health resources, it is imperative to unravel the depth and the varied dimensions of health outcomes, especially through measures sensitised for equity concerns. Apart from these considerations, it is also of analytical interest to examine whether income inequality itself poses as a public health hazard. This question has gained much academic attention but most of the findings of studies3 on the topic have remained inconclusive. The literature on health economics, which identifies this question as the relative income hypothesis states that the distribution of income in a society has a larger impact on population’s health than absolute income. Since most of the studies on relative income hypothesis are undertaken in the context of developed countries, it would be worthwhile to gather some insights from the Indian experience to further our understanding of the income-health nexus. In this article, we employ widely accepted measurement techniques to assess inequities in child health across different Indian states and draw some interesting conclusions on the relationship between income inequality and health inequality in the country. As we all know, health of children assumes The authors appreciate the editorial effort of P R G Nair towards making the manuscript read better.
Performance Management in Practice: A Comparative Study of Executive Agencies

This article reports a study of performance management practices in four functions across four European Union member states (Finland, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom). The focus is on how and to what extent performance indicators influenced the top management of the agencies concerned and the degree to which performance data were used by ministries as steering instruments. The research uses a historical institutionalist perspective combined with a model that identifies primary task characteristics as a source of significant variation. Thus the design explores both the influence of task characteristics (through contrasts among the four different functions) and embedded national system characteristics (through contrasts among the four countries). I show that both primary task characteristics and national system characteristics had some of the theoretically predicted effects on the management regimes. Equally, however, certain general tendencies embraced all countries and most functions. These include, first, the incremental growth of more sophisticated performance indicator systems and, second, the feebleness of ministries in developing performance-based strategic steering.