Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Obligate Biotrophy Features Unraveled by the Genomic Analysis of the Rust Fungi, Melampsora larici-populina and Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici

Rust fungi are some of the most devastating pathogens of crop plants. They are obligate biotrophs, which extract nutrients only from living plant tissues and cannot grow apart from their hosts. Their lifestyle has slowed the dissection of molecular mechanisms underlying host invasion and avoidance or suppression of plant innate immunity. We sequenced the 101 mega base pair genome of Melampsora larici-populina, the causal agent of poplar leaf rust, and the 89 mega base pair genome of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, the causal agent of wheat and barley stem rust. We then compared the 16,841 predicted proteins of M. larici-populina to the 18,241 predicted proteins of P. graminis f. sp tritici. Genomic features related to their obligate biotrophic life-style include expanded lineage-specific gene families, a large repertoire of effector-like small secreted proteins (SSPs), impaired nitrogen and sulfur assimilation pathways, and expanded families of amino-acid, oligopeptide and hexose membrane transporters. The dramatic upregulation of transcripts coding for SSPs, secreted hydrolytic enzymes, and transporters in planta suggests that they play a role in host infection and nutrient acquisition. Some of these genomic hallmarks are mirrored in the genomes of other microbial eukaryotes that have independently evolved to infect plants, indicating convergent adaptation to a biotrophic existence inside plant cells
Performance Analysis Of Harmonic Elimination In Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters Using Constrained PSO Algorithm

This paper focus on elimination of harmonics in a Cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverter by applying constrained Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The expression for output voltage with fundamental equal to desired voltage and lower order harmonics equal to zero is considered as objective function. The proposed algorithm is utilized to obtain the optimized switching angles that reduce the effect of specific higher order non triplen harmonics from the output voltage of the multilevel inverter. In this paper, three phase 5 level Cascaded H-Bridge Inverter is considered to compare and analyze the level of harmonics with variation in modulation index. The simulation studies are extended to further 7-level, 9-level and 11-level to validate if same code can produce better results for obtaining more switching angles. The Simulation results indicate that constrained PSO based SHE effectively outperforms SPWM in terms of minimizing THD and provides high-quality output voltage waveform.
Image-based visual servoing for the super-orbital re-entry of Hayabusa Spacecraft

This paper presents an image-based visual servoing system that was used to track the atmospheric Earth re-entry of Hayabusa. The primary aim of this ground based tracking platform was to record the emission spectrum radiating from the superheated gas of the shock layer and the surface of the heat shield during reentry. To the author's knowledge, this is the first time that a visual servoing system has successfully tracked a super-orbital re-entry of a spacecraft and recorded its spectral signature. Furthermore, we improve the system by including a simplified dynamic model for feed-forward control and demonstrate improved tracking performance on the International Space Station (ISS). We present comparisons between simulation and experimental results on different target trajectories including tracking results from Hayabusa and ISS. The required performance for tracking both spacecraft is demanding when combined with a narrow field of view (FOV). We also briefly discuss the preliminary results obtained from the spectroscopy of the Hayabusa's heat shield during re-entry.
What do researchers mean by "the right requirements elicitation techniques"? ¿Qué significa para los investigadores la "técnica de educción correcta"?

Researchers often claim that the most appropriate elicitation techniques should be chosen to capture software requirements, but: what does it mean for them? This work carried out a systematic mapping on comparisons among elicitation techniques for knowing the constructs utilized to represent their appropriateness. This study identified 43 works that utilized 58 ways of measuring the goodness of the techniques. These metrics were classified, mainly, by types of constructs such as quality, adequacy, effectiveness, quantity and efficiency. The results show the large dispersion occurring between researchers on how to select the most appropriate technique for each elicitation session and, therefore, more convergent proposals are required.
A critical perspective on the measurement of performance in the empirical multinationality and performance literature

Purpose This paper aims to contribute to the core research in international business (IB), namely, the relationship between multinationality and performance and is concerned with the quality of past empirical research designs. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of 49 studies, given in a literature review, the match between performance measures used in empirical studies and the underlying theoretical streams that explain the effects on benefits and costs of multinationality is critically evaluated. Findings Findings indicate that authors still largely rely on overall financial performance measures. Theoretical arguments, in contrast, refer to specific benefit and cost positions that might be better reflected in operational performance indicators. The idiosyncratic choice of the performance measures used might contribute to the varying results in past studies. Originality/value Suggestions for improving future research designs are offered.
The advanced analytics Jumpstart: definition, process model, best practices

Companies are encouraged by the big data trend to experiment with advanced analytics and many turn to specialist consultancies to help them get started where they lack the necessary competences. We investigate the program of one such consultancy, Advectas - in particular the advanced analytics Jumpstart. Using qualitative techniques we investigate the nature and value of the Jumpstart concept through five projects in different companies. We provide a definition, a process model and a set of thirteen best practices derived from these experiences, and discuss the distinctive qualities of this approach.
The role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Supporting Library Development in Indonesia Rahayuningsih Librarian

In recent years, there has been a wider acceptance among companies for their social obligations. It suggested that a company serves not only for a profit making function but also obligation of a service to the community and to the society as a whole. The same consciousness had also grown among companies in Indonesia. Under “Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan (Corporate Social Responsibility)” or “Program Kemitraan dan Bina Lingkungan (hereafter shortened to PKBL), they have started to make Corporate Social Responsibility program. Such program had been studied by Zaidi and Abidin, who identified four patterns in CSR practices in Indonesia i.e : direct involvement, corporation’s social organization; partnership with other institutions, or by joining a consortium (Saidi and Abidin, 2004). Among the many sectors of the CSR program is education, particularly library development. One of the organization who work hand in hand with the companies in doing CSR, especially in developing libraries in Indonesia is Yayasan Pengembangan Perpustakaan Indonesia (hereafter is called YPPI). The reason why those companies develop such program is because they are concerned with Indonesian human resources quality and community’s quality of life. They believed one of the many ways to improve these is by providing bettter education facilities. This is the reason why they want to give access to library services for Indonesian. They hope that through the program, people will have more access to good readings and various informations, thus, leading to human resources development. Their commitment is proved by their support to the improvement of library facilities, library staff training and library activities. Nevertheless, there is only limited number 1 Currently enrolled at the Library and Information Management Program – The Graduate School of Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia To whom all correspondences should be addressed 2 Currently enrolled at the Library and Information Management Program – The Graduate School of Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
THE JAPANESE EXPATRIATES IN MALAYSIA: INTERACTION AND ADAPTATION IN THE CULTURAL DIVERSE ENVIRONMENT

This study on the Japanese expatriates in Malaysia attempts to answer two research questions, i.e. (i) what is the classification of the Japanese expatriates based on communication skills, interaction and adaptation of culture, and (ii) what are the factors that are hindrance to communication and interaction? This study uses the analytical framework which argues that the Japanese society becomes the dominant culture of that corporation, and of individuals who work for the corporation. The study of culture and attitudes of the Japanese includes their lack of exposure to cultural diversity, the hierarchical nature of the Japanese society and certain concepts. A purposive sampling was used in selecting 24 Japanese expatriates as informants for in-depth interviews, besides personal observation. These 24 Japanese expatriates are working in the Klang Valley, Seremban, Kuantan and Penang. The study revealed that the Japanese under study was classified into four groups; (i) “Provincial (or Insular)”, (ii) “Individualistic”, (iii) “Semi-cosmopolitan”, (iv) “Cosmopolitan”. Of the 24 Japanese expatriates under study, 18 were classified as “Provincial (Insular)” and “Individualistic” as compared to only six who were classified as “Semi-cosmopolitan” and “Cosmopolitan”. This shows that the dominant Japanese culture is internalized by the Japanese expatriates in Malaysia which in turn shapes their character, attitude and behavior. Such a situation causes a divide between the Japanese expatriates and the locals
Fitting Weibull ACD Models to High Frequency Transactions Data: A Semi-parametric Approach based on Estimating Functions

Autoregressive conditional duration (ACD) models play an important role in financial modeling. This paper considers the estimation of the Weibull ACD model using a semiparametric approach based on the theory of estimating functions (EF). We apply the EF and the maximum likelihood (ML) methods to a data set given in Tsay (2003, p203) to compare these two methods. It is shown that the EF approach is easier to apply in practice and gives better estimates than the MLE. Results show that the EF approach is compatible with the ML method in parameter estimation. Furthermore, the computation speed for the EF approach is much faster than for the MLE and therefore offers a significant reduction of the completion time.
Serum Fetuin-A Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Early Diabetic Nephropathy: It's Relation to Diabetes Control

Background and objective: Fetuin-A is a circulating calcium-regulatory glycoprotein that inhibits vascular calcification. In the present study, serum fetuin-A was studied as a novel risk factor for the development of diabetic nephropathy and the relation between its levels with the state of diabetes control. Patients and Methods: 50 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and early diabetic nephropathy, 25 patients of them have well controlled diabetes on treatment (the first group), the other 25 patients have uncontrolled diabetes (the second group), and another 25 healthy volunteers (control group) ) were enrolled in this cross sectional study. Serum fetuin-A, Fasting plasma glucose (FP glucose), glycoselated hemoglobin A1c, lipid profile (total cholesterol,HDL and triglycerides), Serum creatinine, Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), Albumin excretion in urine were measured. Results: There was a significant reduction in Serum fetuin-A levels in controlled diabetic patients (314±66.8) and uncontrolled diabetic patients (252.4±55.6) compared to control group (478.6±74.4). A significant decrease was also detected in uncontrolled diabetic patients when compared to controlled diabetic patients (P<0.001). A strong inverse correlation was found between serum fetuin-A and each of F P glucose, glycoselated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine, and urinary albumin excretion (r = -0.52, -0.55, -0.61, and -0.56 respectively; P < 0.001 for each). Whereas; GFR was significantly positively associated with serum fetuin-A levels (r = 0.53, P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that diabetic nephropathy, especially with uncontrolled diabetes, is linked to low serum fetuin-A levels which represents a novel risk factor for the development of vascular complications. This factor could be responsible for the development and progression of accelerated nephropathy especially with uncontrolled diabetes. (Ayman Ramadan, Amira Shoukry, Mabrouk I. Ismail and Maher Borai. Serum Fetuin-A Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Early Diabetic Nephropathy: It's Relation to Diabetes Control. Journal of American Science 2011;7(5):759-765). (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience. org .
Controllability and Optimal trajectories for Controlled Mechanical Systems: An Application to Underwater Vehicles

In this paper, we study the controllability of controlled mechanical systems with bounded controls and potential forces. We suggest two strategies to steer the vehicle from an initial to a nal conguration, both being at rest. The rst strategy is to impose the acceleration of the vehicle. The other strategy is to decouple the motion into pure translations and pure rotations. We show that such motions are not singular when potential forces are involved. Our theory is applied to the control problem for underwater vehicles with no restrictive assumptions such as neglecting the viscous eects or to have a neutrally buoyant vehicle.
An Improved Quadrilateral Flat Element with Drilling Degrees of Freedom for Shell Structural Analysis

This paper reports the development of a simple and efficient 4-node flat shell element with six degrees of freedom per node for the analysis of arbitrary shell structures. The element is developed by incorporating a strain smoothing technique into a flat shell finite element approach. The membrane part is formulated by applying the smoothing operation on a quadrilateral membrane element using Allman-type interpolation functions with drilling DOFs. The plate-bending component is established by a combination of the smoothed curvature and the substitute shear strain fields. As a result, the bending and a part of membrane stiffness matrices are computed on the boundaries of smoothing cells which leads to very accurate solutions, even with distorted meshes, and possible reduction in computational cost. The performance of the proposed element is validated and demonstrated through several numerical benchmark problems. Convergence studies and comparison with other existing solutions in the literature suggest that the present element is efficient, accurate and free of lockings.
Relation between Nurse-Nurse Collaboration And Missed Nursing Care Among Intensive Care Nurses

Effective collaboration among nurses and within organizations has been reported as an essential element to provide safe and effective therapeutic environment for patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the relation between nurse-nurse collaboration and missed nursing care among intensive care nurses. Descriptive correlational study design was used. Three tools were used to collect data; demographic data sheet, Nurse-Nurse Collaboration scale, and Missed Nursing Care Questionnaire. 216 nurse were selected randomly from ICUs of Zagazig University hospital and Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital, Egypt. The results revealed that the highest percentage of the studied nurses had satisfactory level in all nurse-nurse collaboration subscales, 70.4% of the studied nurses most frequently missed nursing care related to patient assessment. While, 63.9 % most frequently missed nursing care related to medication administration. The significant reasons of missed nursing care as reported by nurses were inadequate nursing, number and condition of patient, and unavailability of medications when needed. Statistical significant negative correlation between all nurse-nurse collaboration subscales and missed nursing care was detected. The study recommended that hospital managers and nurse educators should develop educational programs that focus on creating innovative opportunities for nurses to learn about intra-professional collaboration in the practice setting.
THE ABDUS SALAM INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS ELECTRIFIED PLASMA IN AdS/CFT CORRESPONDENCE

We construct new gravity backgrounds holographic dual to neutral plasma with U(1) global symmetry in the presence of constant electric field, considering its full back-reactions to the metric. As the electric field and the induced current cause a net energy in-flow to the system, the plasma is continually heated up and the corresponding gravity solution has an expanding horizon. After proposing a consistent late-time expansion scheme, we present analytic solutions in the scheme up to next-leading order, and our solutions are new time-dependent solutions of 5D asymptotic AdS Einstein-Maxwell(-Chern-Simons) theory. To extract dual CFT stress tensor and U(1) current from the solutions, we perform a rigorous holographic renormalization of Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory including full back-reactions, which can in itself be an interesting addition to literatures. As by-products, we obtain interesting modifications of energy-momentum/current Ward identities due to the U(1) symmetry and its triangle anomaly. MIRAMARE – TRIESTE April 2010 bsahoo@ictp.it hyee@ictp.it
MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY OF HEAT TRANSFER IN TWO-PHASE FLOWS THROUGH A NANOCHANNEL

Two-phase flows through microand nanochannels have attracted a great deal of attention because of their immense applicability to many advanced fields such as micro/nano-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), electronic cooling, bioengineering, etc. In this work, a molecular dynamics simulation method is developed to study the condensation process of superheated argon vapor force driven flow through a nanochannel combining fluid flow and heat transfer. A simple and effective particle insertion method is proposed to model phase change of argon based on nonperiodic boundary conditions in the simulation domain. Starting from a crystalline solid wall of channel, the condensation process evolves from a transient unsteady state where we study the influence of different wall temperatures and fluid–wall interactions on interfacial and heat transport properties of two phase flows. Subsequently, we analyzed transient temperature, density, and velocity fields across the channel and their dependency on varying wall temperature and fluid wall interaction, after a dynamic equilibrium is achieved in phase transition. Quasi-steady nonequilibrium temperature profile, heat flux, and interfacial thermal resistance were analyzed. The results demonstrate that the molecular dynamics method, with the proposed particle insertion method, effectively solves unsteady nonequilibrium two-phase flows at nanoscale resolutions whose interphase between liquid and vapor phase is typically of the order of a few molecular diameters.
Parametric Design and Analysis Framework with Integrated Dynamic Models

In the wake of uncompromising requirements on building performance and the current emphasis on sustainability, including building energy and indoor environment, designing buildings involves elements of expertise of multiple disciplines. However, building performance analyses, including those of building energy and indoor environment, are generally confined to late in the design process. Consequence based design is a framework intended for the early design stage. It involves interdisciplinary expertise that secures validity and quality assurance with a simulationist while sustaining autonomous control with the building designer. Consequence based design is defined by the specific use of integrated dynamic modeling, which includes the parametric capabilities of a scripting tool and building simulation features of a building performance simulation tool. The framework can lead to enhanced awareness of building performance in the early stages of building design, thus improving energy performance and many other quantifiable performance objectives.
Effects of ceramic thin film coating on friction surfaces for surface acoustic wave linear motor

The effects of ceramic thin film coating on friction surfaces for surface acoustic wave (SAW) linear motor were estimated. By using a slider coated with SiC, the maximum no-load speed of the slider was approximately 1.1 m/s, which was equivalent to the horizontal vibration velocity of the Rayleigh wave at the driving voltage of 125 V/sub 0-p/. Furthermore, by using a slider coated with HA-DLC and a stator coated with Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, the no-load speed and the output force of the slider were approximately 1.5 m/s and 3 N at 190 V/sub 0-p/. It was shown that the driving characteristics were improved by ceramic thin film coating with the proper materials such as SiC, HA-DLC and Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ on friction surfaces.
Social class differentials at the transition from lower to upper secondary education in France: Testing rational action models within an institutionalized dialogue between family and school

This paper analyzes the generation of social class differentials at the transition from lower to upper secondary education in France. While in other countries the crucial school track decision is either taken by the students and their parents or by the teachers, the families of French secondary students take part in an institutionalized dialogue with the school that mainly consists of three steps: First, the family formulates a school track request; second, considering this request, the staff meeting elaborates a school track proposition; third, the family can reject the staff’s proposition and if it does, it has to attend an obligatory talk with the headmaster. Based on this talk, the headmaster takes a binding school track decision. Legally, the dialogue can stretch even further, but due to small observation numbers, this paper concentrates on the first three steps of the dialogue and its final outcome. In order to theoretically address social class differentials in families’ and the school staff’s choices along the dialogue I adapt well-known educational decision-making models based on rational action theory. Using a longitudinal data set on a large cohort of French secondary students who entered lower secondary school in 1995, I empirically test these decision-making models. My results primarily reveal: First, social background of students has an important impact on the three main steps of the dialogue and, hence, on its final outcome. Second, rational action theory explains a large part of the social background effect on families’ choices. Third, the school staff’s decision is strongly determined by family’s request and even produces social class differentials that go beyond those generated by families’ decisions. Fourth, parental involvement such as membership in a parent association has a remarkable effect on the families’ and the staff’s decision-making. It makes families more confident in demanding the higher school track even though the child concerned has rather low marks. At the same time, when a student has marks in the lower and middle range, the staff meeting is significantly more willing to accept the family’s request if the parents are involved.