Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling and simulation of reverse power relay for generator protection

Modeling tools are useful for basic understanding of power system, particularly for new engineers. Such tools help the new engineers to modulate the system under normal and faulty conditions. This paper presents the modeling and simulation of digital reverse power relay on MATLAB/Simulink®. Various data conversion steps in digitization of a signal are also discussed. In the past, electromechanical relays were commonly used, now such relays have been replaced with high accuracy and high speed digital relays. Fast operation of relay is desirable, particularly for such type of faults which could lead to system blackout. Digital relays offer other advantages also, in term of multiple variable settings and compact size. In this paper, the relay performance is tested on 11kV synchronous generator, connected with 220kV through a step up transformer.
Is Consistent Primary Care Within a Patient-Centered Medical Home Related to Utilization Patterns and Costs?

The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) is seen as an important vehicle for providing consistent primary care and achieving cost savings through care coordination. We used health plan administrative data to evaluate utilization and cost among enrollees who attended a PCMH compared with those who fragmented their care. Controlling for demographic differences, PCMH attendees made significantly fewer primary care and specialist visits than other groups, and associated professional fees were significantly lower than for enrollees receiving less consistent primary care.
PTP1B and TCPTP – nonredundant phosphatases in insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis

Insulin resistance is a key pathological feature of type 2 diabetes and is characterized by defects in signaling by the insulin receptor (IR) protein tyrosine kinase. The inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) that antagonize IR signaling may provide a means for enhancing the insulin response and alleviating insulin resistance. The prototypic phosphotyrosine‐specific phosphatase PTP1B dephosphorylates the IR and attenuates insulin signaling in muscle and liver. Mice that are deficient for PTP1B exhibit improved glucose homeostasis in diet and genetic models of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The phosphatase TCPTP shares 72% catalytic domain sequence identity with PTP1B and has also been implicated in IR regulation. Despite their high degree of similarity, PTP1B and TCPTP act together in vitro and in vivo to regulate insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis. This review highlights their capacity to act specifically and nonredundantly in cellular signaling, describes their roles in IR regulation and glucose homeostasis, and discusses their potential as drug targets for the enhancement of IR phosphorylation and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes.
Cytokine profiles in toxoplasmic and viral uveitis.

BACKGROUND Uveitis is a major cause of visual impairment throughout the world. Analysis of cytokine profiles in aqueous humor specimens may provide insight into the physiopathological processes that underly retinal damage in this context. METHODS Using a multiplex assay, we determined the concentrations of 17 cytokines and chemokines in aqueous humor specimens obtained from patients with ocular toxoplasmosis or viral uveitis and compared these concentrations with those in specimens obtained from patients with noninfectious intermediate uveitis or cataract. RESULTS Five mediators (interleukin [IL]-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-4, and IL-10) were detected in >50% of patients in all groups. In contrast, IL-5 and IL-12 were specific for ocular toxoplasmosis, and granulocyte monocyte colony-stimulating factor and IL-1 were specific for viral uveitis; these mediators could present specific markers for diagnostic purposes. Interferon-gamma, IL-6, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta were common markers of ocular toxoplasmosis and viral uveitis. IL-17 was a common marker of ocular toxoplasmosis and intermediate uveitis. CONCLUSIONS We found specific cytokine profiles for each type of uveitis, with large interindividual variations and no etiological or clinical correlations. Ocular cytokine mapping contributes to a better understanding of the physiopathology of specific forms of uveitis and provides guidance for new targeted treatment.
Chitosan Wound Dressings Incorporating Exosomes Derived From MicroRNA-126-Overexpressing Synovium Mesenchymal Stem Cells Provide Sustained Release of Exosomes and Heal Full-Thickness Skin Defects in a Diabetic Rat Model.

: There is a need to find better strategies to promote wound healing, especially of chronic wounds, which remain a challenge. We found that synovium mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) have the ability to strongly promote cell proliferation of fibroblasts; however, they are ineffective at promoting angiogenesis. Using gene overexpression technology, we overexpressed microRNA-126-3p (miR-126-3p) and transferred the angiogenic ability of endothelial progenitor cells to SMSCs, promoting angiogenesis. We tested a therapeutic strategy involving controlled-release exosomes derived from miR-126-3p-overexpressing SMSCs combined with chitosan. Our in vitro results showed that exosomes derived from miR-126-3p-overexpressing SMSCs (SMSC-126-Exos) stimulated the proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, SMSC-126-Exos also promoted migration and tube formation of HMEC-1. Testing this system in a diabetic rat model, we found that this approach resulted in accelerated re-epithelialization, activated angiogenesis, and promotion of collagen maturity in vivo. These data provide the first evidence of the potential of SMSC-126-Exos in treating cutaneous wounds and indicate that modifying the cells-for example, by gene overexpression-and using the exosomes derived from these modified cells provides a potential drug delivery system and could have infinite possibilities for future therapy. SIGNIFICANCE There is a need to find better strategies to promote wound healing, especially of chronic wounds, which remain a challenge. Synovium mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) were found to have the ability to strongly promote cell proliferation of fibroblasts; however, they are ineffective at promoting angiogenesis. Gene overexpression technology was used to overexpress microRNA-126-3p (miR-126-3p) and transfer the angiogenic ability of endothelial progenitor cells to SMSCs, promoting angiogenesis. This research provides the first evidence of the potential of exosomes derived from miR-126-3p-overexpressing SMSCs in treating cutaneous wounds and indicates that modifying the cells-for example, by gene overexpression-and using the exosomes derived from these modified cells provides a potential drug delivery system and could have infinite possibilities for future therapy.
Virtual bus architecture for hierarchical cellular systems

A hierarchical cellular system is proposed for accommodating a population of mobile users with different mobility profiles. This system employs an interconnection of "virtual buses", backed with a distributed hierarchical database to support an advanced routing of the signalling and traffic loads. In order to study the system performance a handshake resource negotiation protocol is proposed. The associated signalling traffic combined with mobility management signalling traffic is routed efficiently over the network. Furthermore, two interlayer bandwidth partitioning techniques are presented and evaluated through computer simulations.
A Universal Adaptive Driving Scheme for Synchronous Rectification in LLC Resonant Converters

In this paper, a universal adaptive driving scheme for synchronous rectification (SR) is proposed. The drain to source voltage of the synchronous rectifier is sensed so that the paralleled body diode conduction is detected. Using the proposed SR driving scheme, the SR turn-OFF time is tuned to eliminate the body diode conduction. The SR gate driving signal can be tuned within all operating frequency regions. Moreover, a simple digital implementation is introduced. Compared with analog ones, it enables more intelligent and precise SR control, improving converter efficiency. For rapid prototyping purposes, the digital SR tuning system is realized in Cyclone III field-programmable gate array (FPGA).
Protein S-nitrosylation in preconditioning and postconditioning

The coronary artery disease is a leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. This disease has a complex pathophysiology that includes multiple mechanisms. Among these is the oxidative/nitrosative stress. Paradoxically, oxidative/nitrosative signaling plays a major role in cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. In this context, the gas transmitter nitric oxide may act through several mechanisms, such as guanylyl cyclase activation and via S-nitrosylation of proteins. The latter is a covalent modification of a protein cysteine thiol by a nitric oxide-group that generates an S-nitrosothiol. Here, we report data showing that nitric oxide and S-nitrosylation of proteins play a pivotal role not only in preconditioning but also in postconditioning cardioprotection.
Syringe exchange programs: lowering the transmission of syringe-borne diseases and beyond.

OBJECTIVE This chapter attempts to describe the factors influencing the transmission of syringe-born viruses, to review the effects of syringe exchange programs (SEPs) in terms of these factors, and to explore the gamut of health-promoting activities of SEPs. RESULTS The chapter is divided into six sections: biological factors in syringe-borne viral transmission, behavior and viral transmission, quantifying viral transmission, preventing viral transmission, impediments to preventing viral transmission, and research for preventing viral transmission. Understanding how biological and behavioral factors influence transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis builds a framework to investigate the epidemiology and the impact of SEPs on disease transmission. Even under circumstances in which these programs do not appear to be effective, understanding the implications of the biological and behavioral factors can contribute to our understanding of program benefits and limitations. Furthermore, program benefits may not be restricted to direct effects on disease transmission. Many programs offer services to drug injectors that include risk reduction training, facilitated entry into substance abuse treatment, and medical care. CONCLUSIONS SEPs can reduce the transmission of syringe-borne viruses without increasing illicit drug use. However, lack of resources, acceptance, and consequently, protection of many of those at risk when they are most vulnerable have hampered program effectiveness. New studies need to be designed to explicate the full measure of program benefit within covered communities and identify the means by which SEPs can expand benefit to individuals at greatest risk.
ENLARGEMENT OF FOVEAL AVASCULAR ZONE IN DIABETIC EYES EVALUATED BY EN FACE OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY

Purpose: To evaluate the area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) detected by en face OCTA (AngioVue, Avanti OCT; Optovue) in healthy and diabetic eyes. Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients who underwent fundus examination including en face OCTA. Eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and history of laser photocoagulation were excluded. The FAZ area in the superficial and deep plexus layers were measured and evaluated using ImageJ software. Results: The FAZ area in the superficial layer was 0.25 ± 0.06 mm2 in healthy eyes (n = 19), whereas it was 0.37 ± 0.07 mm2 in diabetic eyes without retinopathy (n = 24) and 0.38 ± 0.11 mm2 in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (n = 20). Diabetic eyes showed statistically significant FAZ enlargement compared with healthy eyes, regardless of the presence of retinopathy (P < 0.01). The FAZ area in the deep plexus layer was also significantly larger in diabetic eyes than in healthy eyes (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Our data suggest that diabetic eyes show retinal microcirculation impairment in the macula even before retinopathy develops. En face OCTA is a useful noninvasive screening tool for detecting early microcirculatory disturbance in patients with diabetes.
High power LED luminaire design optimization

A methodology for optimizing the geometry of a high power (HP) light emitting diode (LED) luminaire is presented in this paper. The arrangement of a HP-LED luminaire is evaluated, technically and economically, for outdoor lighting. Parameters that affect both heat dissipation and lighting efficiency are considered. A finite element method (FEM) simulator is used to determine the thermal analysis and a stochastic ray tracing simulator is used to perform the lighting distribution. The thermal analysis of a HP-LED luminaire model is simulated and validated with 7.5% average error in LED temperature. An evaluation function is developed that considers the illuminance distribution on the target plane and the maximum temperature that reaches the LED chip. Optimized thermal and luminous results are presented and discussed.
Hyperglycemia and outcomes in patients with sepsis.

van Vught and coworkers studied the relationship between admission glucose levels greater than 70 mg/dL and outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis (1). This study included 987 patients; the distribution of admission glucose values measured in the time frame of 4 h before admission to 4 h after admission included 519 patients with euglycemia (71–140 mg/dL), 267 patients with mild hyperglycemia (140–199 mg/dL), and 201 patients with severe hyperglycemia (≥200 mg/dL).
Lexical, morphological and semantic correlates of the dark triad personality traits in russian facebook texts

The presented project is intended to make use of growing amounts or textual data in social networks in the Russian language, In order to Hnd Ungulstlc correlates of the Dark Triad personality traits, comprising non-clinical Nareissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy. The baekgronnd for the ilwestigation includes, on the one haotl, psychological research on these phenomena and their measurement instruments, and on the other haod, recent advaoces In computational stylometry and text-based author profiling. The measures for these psychological phenomena are provided by recognized self-report psychological surveys adapted to Russian. Morphological and semantic analysis are applied to investigate the relationship between the Dark traits and their linguistic manifestation in social network texts. Slgnlflcant morphological and semantic correlates of Narcissism, MachlavelUanlsm and Psychopathy are ldentllled and compared to respective advaoces In Engltsh author proftUng. In order to deepen our underslanding of the relation between these psychological characteristics aod natural language use, the identified linguistic features are Interpreted In terms of the line-grained factor structure of the Dark traits. Identifying correlated features is a step towards automatic Dark trait prediction aod early detection of the potentially harmful mental states.
Two Isoforms of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Are Coexpressed in Neuronal Cell Lines* *This work was supported by the Israel Science Foundation, administered by the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.

GnRH-I serves as the neuropeptide that regulates mammalian reproduction. Recently, several groups have identified in the brain of rodents, monkeys, and humans a second isoform of GnRH (GnRH-II) whose structure is 70% identical to that of GnRH-I. In this study we demonstrate for the first time human and mouse neuronal cell lines that express both GnRH-I and GnRH-II. Following the screening of several human neuronal cell lines by RT-PCR and Southern hybridization, we demonstrated that two cell lines, TE-671 medulloblastoma and LAN-1 neuroblastoma cells, coexpress messenger RNA encoding the two isoforms of GnRH. Nucleotide sequencing indicated that the complementary DNA fragments are identical to those of the known human GnRH-I and GnRH-II sequences. Extracts obtained from the TE-671 and LAN-1 cell lines as well as from the immortalized mouse hypothalamic GT1–7 neuronal cell line were found to contain the two isoforms of GnRH, which exhibited identical chromatographic properties as synthetic GnRH-I and GnRH-.
Genomics in Clinical Practice: Lessons from the Front Lines

This Commentary explores the challenges in launching a medical genomics clinic for whole genome sequencing and analysis of patient samples. The price of whole-genome and -exome sequencing has fallen to the point where these methods can be applied to clinical medicine. Here, we outline the lessons we have learned in converting a sequencing laboratory designed for research into a fully functional clinical program.
From Suspicion of Physical Child Abuse to Reporting: Primary Care Clinician Decision-Making

OBJECTIVES. The goals were to determine how frequently primary care clinicians reported suspected physical child abuse, the levels of suspicion associated with reporting, and what factors influenced reporting to child protective services. METHODS. In this prospective observational study, 434 clinicians collected data on 15003 child injury visits, including information about the injury, child, family, likelihood that the injury was caused by child abuse (5-point scale), and whether the injury was reported to child protective services. Data on 327 clinicians indicating some suspicion of child abuse for 1683 injuries were analyzed. RESULTS. Clinicians reported 95 (6%) of the 1683 patients to child protective services. Clinicians did not report 27% of injuries considered likely or very likely caused by child abuse and 76% of injuries considered possibly caused by child abuse. Reporting rates were increased if the clinician perceived the injury to be inconsistent with the history and if the patient was referred to the clinician for suspected child abuse. Patients who had an injury that was not a laceration, who had >1 family risk factor, who had a serious injury, who had a child risk factor other than an inconsistent injury, who were black, or who were unfamiliar to the clinician were more likely to be reported. Clinicians who had not reported all suspicious injuries during their career or who had lost families as patients because of previous reports were more likely to report suspicious injuries. CONCLUSIONS. Clinicians had some degree of suspicion that ∼10% of the injuries they evaluated were caused by child abuse. Clinicians did not report all suspicious injuries to child protective services, even if the level of suspicion was high (likely or very likely caused by child abuse). Child, family, and injury characteristics and clinician previous experiences influenced decisions to report.
Double-Gate finFETs as a CMOS Technology Downscaling Option: An RF Perspective

Based on careful physical description, the effect of gate-length downscaling on the RF performance of double-gate fin field-effect transistors (finFETs) has been analyzed. Downscaling is beneficial to the device RF performance although the losses due to series parasitics increase. The source/drain series resistance in finFET largely limits the device RF performance, and the losses due to the gate resistance increase with reducing gate length. Double-gate finFETs have the potential to reach the RF International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductor targets in the few decananometer regime, but meeting the specification for gate length in the order of 10 nm may require further improvements
Mutational analysis of the core, spacer, and initiator regions of vaccinia virus intermediate-class promoters

Activation of vaccinia virus late gene transcription is dependent on DNA replication and the expression of three genes: A1L, A2L, and G8R (J. G. Keck, C. J. Baldick, Jr., and B. Moss, Cell 61:801-809, 1990). To fully characterize the promoter elements of these trans-activator genes, we prepared more than 140 plasmid vectors containing natural and mutated DNA segments ligated to the Escherichia coli lacZ or chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene. Expression of the reporter genes occurred when the plasmids were transfected into vaccinia virus-infected cells and was enhanced when DNA replication was prevented, indicating that the A1L, A2L, and G8R promoters belong to the intermediate regulatory class. Deletional mutagenesis demonstrated that the regulatory elements of all three promoters extended between 20 and 30 nucleotides upstream of their RNA start sites. Single-base substitutions of the G8R promoter revealed two critical elements located from -26 to -13 (the core element) and -1 to +3 (the initiator element). Mutations in these regions drastically affected expression, as determined by beta-galactosidase and mRNA analyses. Additional mutations defined the TAAA sequence as the critical initiator element. The length, but not the nucleotide sequence, of the segment between the core and initiator regions was crucial. The requirement for the spacer to be 10 or 11 nucleotides was consistent with a single turn of a double helix. The A1L and A2L promoters resembled the G8R promoter, and mutations in the conserved bases had the predicted effects on expression. We concluded that the three intermediate promoters are composed of a 14-bp A+T-rich core sequence separated by one turn of the double helix from the TAAA initiator element.
Rural Community Knowledge of Stroke Warning Signs and Risk Factors

Introduction Rapid identification and treatment of ischemic stroke can lead to improved patient outcomes. Public education campaigns in selected communities have helped to increase knowledge about stroke, but most data represent large metropolitan centers working with academic institutions. Much less is known about knowledge of stroke among residents in rural communities. Methods In 2004, 800 adults aged 45 years and older from two Montana counties participated in a telephone survey using unaided questions to assess awareness of stroke warning signs and risk factors. The survey also asked respondents if they had a history of atrial fibrillation, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, heart disease, or stroke. Results More than 70% of survey participants were able to correctly report two or more warning signs for stroke: numbness on any side of the face/body (45%) and speech difficulties (38%) were reported most frequently. More than 45% were able to correctly report two or more stroke risk factors: smoking (50%) and high blood pressure (44%) were reported most frequently. Respondents aged 45 to 64 years (odds ratio [OR] 2.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78–3.46), women (OR 2.02; 95% CI, 1.46–2.80), those with 12 or more years of education (OR 1.96; 95% CI, 1.08–3.56), and those with high cholesterol (OR 1.68; 95% CI, 1.17–2.42) were more likely to correctly identify two or more warning signs compared with respondents without these characteristics. Women (OR 1.48; 95% CI, 1.07–2.05) and respondents aged 45 to 64 years (OR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.01–1.81) were also more likely to correctly identify two or more stroke risk factors compared with men and older respondents. Conclusion Residents of two rural counties were generally aware of stroke warning signs, but their knowledge of stroke risk factors was limited.