Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of breast cancer screening among the women of Khorramabad (west of Iran): A cross-sectional study

Abstract. Breast cancer is the most common women's cancer that more than 90% of the patients can be treated or even cured through early diagnosis. So we intend to investigate the status of breast cancer screening in Khorramabad, a city in the west of Iran. In the present cross-sectional study, the study population included 457 number of 20 to 65 year old women referring to the health centers of Khorramabad during the second half of 2015 to receive health care services. The sampling method was multistage random-cluster. A multi-part questionnaire were used. Fisher exact test, chi-square and independent t tests were used to analyze the data. The regular self-breast exam (SBE) had been carried out by 12.3% of the women, visiting doctors for regular clinical breast exam (CBE) had been done by 6% of the respondents and regular mammography every one to two years had been performed by 2.4% of the women. A statistically significant relationship was seen between occupation (P = 0.001), regular consumption of contraceptive pills (P = 0.032), history of breastfeeding, history of breast cancer in the first degree relatives (P = 0.001), and a history of cancer in the second degree (P = 0.005) relatives, and the regular SBE. Planning to enhance the women's awareness about breast cancer and the methods of early diagnosis and designing educational programs can be an important step to reduce deaths and disabilities caused by this disease among the women in such deprived cities.
Combined Spinal-epidural Anesthesia for Hip Fracture Surgery in Two Geriatric Patients with Low Ejection Fractions

Aims: To present the combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in two geriatric patients, with low Ejection Fractions (EF) that underwent hip fracture surgery. Presentation of Case: Herein, 90 and 106-years-old geriatric patients respectively, with low ejection fractions were admitted to the orthopaedic ward because of hip fracture. These patients were planned to undergo hip prosthesis surgery. Anesthesia and postoperative analgesia were achieved by Combined Spinal-Epidural (CSE) techniques in both patients. We observed that spinal anesthesia using low dose hyperbaric bupivacaine with fentanyl was an effective and safe method, and post-surgical patient controlled analgesia via an epidural catheter provided sufficient pain control for 48 h. Case Study Discussion: In older patients with hip fracture, comorbidities such as cardiac disease increase the risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. Individuals that undergo hip prosthesis surgery are usually geriatric patients, and comorbidities can increase their risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality during surgery. Regional anaesthesia techniques are widely utilized for surgical procedures (especially obstetrics, orthopaedics, urology, general surgery) and pain management, and they are known to have favourable effects on the vital signs and endocrine and metabolic responses after the operation compared with those of general anesthesia. In addition, regional anaesthesia is preferable because of its superior results in relation to postoperative pain control. Conclusion: Combined spinal epidural anaesthesia with low-dose hyperbaric bupivacaine and fentanyl in hip fracture surgery is a safe and efficient method when used in geriatric patients with low EF. In addition, we find that patient controlled epidural analgesia is a considerably effective technique in postoperative pain management.
Estudio de la infección "Clostridium difficile": incidencia, epidemiología, características clínicas, factores de riesgo de gravedad y recurrencia

Clostridium difficile origina en el hombre un abanico de enfermedades amplio, desde colitis leve hasta colitis pseudomembranosa y enfermedad refractaria al tratamiento, fulminante y mortal. Es una infeccion cuya frecuencia, gravedad y morbi-mortalidad relacionada se han incrementado en anos recientes. Esta tesis tiene por objetivos evaluar el origen de la ICD, que se diagnostica en un entorno en el que la busqueda de C. difficile se aplica a todas las muestras de heces no formes de cualquier origen. Asi como evaluar la eficacia de prediccion de mala evolucion (fracaso terapeutico/ recurrencia) de los datos clinicos disponibles en el momento del primer episodio y estudiar la contribucion que puedan tener en el pronostico de mala evolucion de la ICD los factores microbiologicos (fenotipicos y genotipicos) del microorganismo. Para ello se ha estudiado una cohorte de 204 pacientes seguida prospectivamente asi como todas las cepas de C. difficile aisladas de muestras de dichos pacientes. Veintiseis casos de ICD (12,7% de todos los episodios) no hubieran sido diagnosticados de no haberse implementado el sistema de busqueda sistematica de CDT. Se reevaluaron los casos comunitarios (n=38) en funcion del grado de exposicion al sistema, encontramos que un 65,8% de estos pacientes habia tenido un nivel alto de exposicion al sistema sanitario. Encontramos que una mayor cantidad de ufc CDT/gr (p=0,001) y de cantidad de toxina/gr de muestra (p=0.004) se asociaba a una peor evolucion del episodio. No encontramos ninguna asociacion entre las caracteristicas genotipicas (incluyendo la presencia de toxina binaria) y la evolucion de los pacientes con distintas cepas de ribotipo no-027. Nuestros resultados demuestran que parte de la solucion del infradiagnostico, es que los laboratorios deberian realizar de forma rutinaria las pruebas de deteccion de ICD en todas las muestras de heces diarreicas de pacientes mayores de 2 anos. Tambien demostramos que parte de los casos de ICD comunitario son reclasificados en relacionados con la asistencia sanitaria tras una evaluacion de su grado de exposicion al mismo. Este concepto deberia incorporarse en las definiciones de las guias de practica clinica. El concepto de ? mala evolucion? creado en nuestro trabajo, permite agrupar a pacientes que empeoran en el curso del proceso, que no responden a tratamiento o que recurren una o varias veces. Hemos podido demostrar la mejora de los factores de prediccion al incorporar datos microbiologicos disponibles en poco tiempo. En un entorno sin presencia de ribotipo 027, no es necesario tener consideraciones distintas para el manejo clinico del paciente en funcion de los distintos ribotipos no-027.
Vibration Attenuation with Random Shunted Piezo Patches

This work deals with passive reduction of structural vibration by means of random shunted piezoelectric patches. The systems analyzed, shunted structures, are composed of a mechanical system with piezoelectric elements shunted with LR circuits. They are electromechanical systems, i.e, coupled systems. Due to the coupling, energy can be transferred between the mechanical and electromagnetic parts of the system. Tuning the electromechanical parameters, it is possible to control the energy flow between the mechanical and electromagnetic parts in a way that the amplitude of vibration of the structure is attenuated over a range of excitation frequency. The idea is to use the shunted piezoelectric patches as dampers to the structure vibration. When the shunt is perfectly tuned to the resonance frequency to control, the vibration attenuation is optimal. However, the damping performance is subjected to uncertainties in the electromechanical parameters. The objective of the paper is to quantify numerically the uncertainty in the attenuation performance of a cantilever beam with two piezoelectric patches and a resonant random “RL”shunt. The nominal values of the inductance and resistance are chosen in order to achieve maximum energy dissipation of the second mode of the cantilever beam. Key-words. Vibration reduction, Piezoelectric shunting, Sensitivity analysis, Uncertainty quantification.
How to boost the students’ interest to engineering graphics?

Evident boost in Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry now is possible using BIM concept – Building Information Modelling. A similar workflow under a term Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) is known for quite a time. Successful introduction of these technologies require extensive application of 3D geometric models. Development of spatial imagination and 3D models by means of CAD systems should be tackled in the engineering courses. Universities have to participate more actively in the process of faster implementation of these technologies into life. A common background knowledge required to handle this problem is a development of spatial visualization skills since in the backbone of the both these concepts there is a three-dimensional (3D) geometric model or database. The former classic university courses like descriptive geometry and engineering graphics used in the last century have undergone considerable reduction in credit points, sometimes caused by administrative orders or experienced decent content changes dictated by IT achievements. However, development of the spatial comprehension and visualization skills should not be under estimated in the future syllabuses, because they are crucial for 3D modelling in a wide range of engineering applications. The paper will share an experience about recent research about teaching spatial comprehension, 3D visualization and CAD communication skills in technical universities. Results of the experience gained from a 2011 Fulbright Scholarship teaching and research project about the measuring the engineering graphics literacy skills and further application in practice are represented as well. The paper will focus on a review of adopted and tested teaching methods and approaches rather than detailed analysis of the situation in general.
Improving Outcome in Gastrointestinal and Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgical Oncology by Preoperative Risk Assessment and Optimization of Perioperative Care

This chapter discusses the most important challenges in the perioperative phase of the oncology patient undergoing surgery of the gastrointestinal tract. Because of the aging population, the surgeon is ever more confronted with frail patients at risk for an adverse surgical outcome. The chapter therefore reviews factors contributing to an impaired postoperative outcome such as sarcopenia, frailty, cachexia, and malnutrition and gives an insight into their pathophysiology. Next, it provides an overview of validated preoperative classification systems to identify the patients at risk for surgical compli‐ cations. Furthermore, it discusses the most essential recommendations of standardized care for patients undergoing hepatopancreaticobiliary, gastric, and colorectal surgery. Special attention is paid to the use of clinical pathways in the perioperative phase that are aimed at a multimodal approach of reducing surgical morbidity by lowering the perioperative physiological and psychological stress. Recent literature
The Effect of Vegetation on Surface Elevation in Coastal Mangrove Areas

ABSTRACT Guo, Y. ; Chen, Y. ; Liao, B. ; Huang, B. ; Wu, F. , and Jiang, Z. , 2020. The effect of vegetation on surface elevation in coastal mangrove areas. Journal of Coastal Research, 36(3), 600–607. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Rising sea levels pose a serious threat to global coastal mangroves. The ability of surface elevation to change synchronously with rising sea level is the key to the survival of mangroves. Mangrove vegetation can have a variety of effects on surface and subsurface processes; therefore, it has an important role in surface elevation changes. In this study, rod surface elevation table–marker horizon (RSET-MH) technology was used to study changes in surface elevation and accretion between nonvegetated and vegetated mangrove areas at three different sites. The results showed that the existence of vegetation had a significant effect on elevation changes, with increased surface elevation in vegetation areas observed to be significantly greater than those in nonvegetation areas. In addition, the subsurface changes in vegetated area showed expansion, whereas the nonvegetation area showed subsidence. Surface accretion showed variable trends in different research sites, although these could be related to their geographical location and thus be affected by many factors. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between density of vegetation and elevation/subsurface changes (r = 0.763, p < 0.05; r = 0.714, p < 0.05 respectively), and there were no significant correlations between accretion and vegetation characteristics. The results indicate that mangrove vegetation has a positive effect on the increase of surface elevation, and vegetation density may be a key factor because of the high biomass and carbon storage rate in high-density areas. This study provides additional data with which to explore the elevation variation in mangroves and a scientific basis and technical support for strengthening wetland protection.
CAREER AND FAMILY: A STUDY OF WOMEN LEADERSHIP

Abstract. In the industrial revolution era of 4.0, A leader is no longer referring to gender differences but rather on competence and performance. This study aimed to analyze the gender perception and its contribution to women leadership in their career and family in Surabaya. This is a quantitative study with method survey design where the data was collected by using questionnaire and ended closed interview form. Populations of this research are dual-career marriage women in Surabaya. To confirm the quantitative results, need interview sessions with all related respondents. Samples were determined by proportional random sampling amount are 449 respondents where, 103 full career women, 205 of them as part time career and 141 of them as housewives. The results showed that there is significant contribution toward women leadership character in three career model as independent variables those are full career, part time career and family duty as reviewed from gender perception. It showed that there are correlation between women leadership character with gender perception between their career and leadership character in their family.Abstrak. Era revolusi industri 4.0, seorang pemimpin tidak lagi merujuk pada perbedaan gender tetapi lebih pada kompetensi dan kinerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi gender dan kontribusinya terhadap kepemimpinan perempuan dalam karier dan keluarga mereka di Surabaya. Ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode desain survei di mana data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan mengakhiri formulir wawancara tertutup. Populasi penelitian ini adalah wanita nikah karir ganda di Surabaya. Untuk mengkonfirmasi hasil kuantitatif, perlu sesi wawancara dengan semua responden terkait. Sampel ditentukan dengan jumlah proporsional random sampling yaitu 449 responden di mana, 103 perempuan karier penuh, 205 di antaranya sebagai karier paruh waktu dan 141 di antaranya sebagai ibu rumah tangga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap karakter kepemimpinan perempuan dalam tiga model karir sebagai variabel independen yaitu karir penuh, karir paruh waktu dan tugas keluarga yang ditinjau dari persepsi gender. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara karakter kepemimpinan perempuan dengan persepsi gender antara karier dan karakter kepemimpinan mereka dalam keluarga.
Irradiation effect on the magneto-optical properties of Bi-doped silica optical fiber based on valence state change

Magneto-optical properties of Bi-doped silica optical fibers (BDF) and single mode fiber (SMF) before and after irradiation (0-3.0 kGy) are investigated. BDF is prepared by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique combined with the conventional modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) process. Before irradiation, the Verdet constant of BDF (1.64 rad/(Tm)) is 27.13% larger than that of SMF (1.29 rad/(Tm)) at 980 nm. Because the Verdet constants of both of them are positive values, this implies diamagnetic behaviors of fiber sample materials. After irradiation, the Verdet constant of SMF keeps increasing with the increase of radiation doses (0-3kGy). However, in the same radiation dose range, the Verdet constant of BDF is decreased first and then increased. It is decreased with the increase of gamma irradiation in the low-dose range (<0.3 kGy). Especially, the Verdet constant of BDF in 0.3 kGy is of a negative value and the Faraday rotation of it is anti-clockwise, which means the fiber sample exhibits paramagnetic material properties. When the radiation dose is from 0.3 to 3 kGy, the Verdet constants of the BDF is increased. Furthermore, in a 3 kGy treatment, the Verdet constant of BDF (1.87 rad/(Tm)) is 23.84% larger than that of SMF (1.51 rad/Tm), and is 44.96% larger than that of SMF without irradiation treatment. The novel change of magneto-optical characteristics of the BDF sample may mainly result from irradiation-induced valence state change of bismuth ions.
Management of Greater Tuberosity Fractures

The appropriate management of greater tuberosity fractures of the humerus is dependent on the knowledge of relevant anatomy, injury epidemiology, fracture pattern and, importantly, an understanding of the injured patient. Most fractures are nondisplaced and can be treated nonoperatively, following a multiphasic protocol. In general, displacement measuring 5 mm or more is recommended for surgery. Surgery may be performed arthroscopically, percutaneously, with open reduction and internal fixation, or a combination of the aforementioned. Several factors such as surgeon experience, preference, chronicity, size, and comminution of the fracture play a role in determining the proper technique. Regardless of surgical technique, surgical repair should include fixation utilizing the strength of the rotator cuff when possible.
FACILE AND TEMPLATE-FREE SYNTHESIS OF CuO NANOPARTICLES

Bakir oksit (CuO) nanoparcaciklari, sivi bir ortamda ark desarj yontemi ile basarili bir sekilde sentezlendi. Iki bakir elektrot arasinda ark bosalmasi gercekleserek uretimi tamamlanan bakir oksit nanoparcaciklarin morfolojisi ve Kristal yapisi ayrintili bir sekilde incelenmesi yapildi. Elektron mikroskobu incelemeleri sonucunda uretilen CuO nanoparcaciklarin 10-50 nm araliginda nominal caplarda duzensiz sekilli oldugu gorulmektedir. XRD sonuclari ise sentezlenen parcaciklarin herhangi bir safsizlik olmadan sadece CuO piklerini icerdigini gostermektedir. Sonuclara gore tek fazli CuO nanoparcaciklarin uretilmesi icin ark desarj yontemi basit, ucuz ve esnek bir yontemdir.
The problem of quality assessing for the methods of coherence maps calculation in InSAR remote sensing of the Earth data processing

Interferometric coherence is an important indicator of the quality of interferograms obtained by synthetic aperture interferometric radars (InSAR), because the areas with low coherence are not suitable for interferometric data processing. The coherence value is used as a parameter for adaptive phase noise suppression algorithms. It can also be used for surface classification tasks. The paper investigates the problem of the coherence estimate reducing under the influence of the topographic phase slope and considers ways to reduce the impact of the slope on the estimate value. The paper presents a comparative efficiency analysis of four methods for coherence maps calculation used for the phase noise suppression on the interferograms by a spectral adaptive filter in interferometric data processing for the Earth’s remote sensing space radar ALOS PALSAR
Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on acetaminophen induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity: the role of heme oxygenase-1 -

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on acetaminophen (APAP) induced renal and liver injudr and the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) activation. Wistar-Albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups. Control group received no treatment. APAP (3gr/kg) was administered by gastric lavage in APAP group. Animals in the APAP+HBO and APAP+zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP)+HBO groups received HBO therapy (90 min at 2.5 atm), starting 1 hour after APAP administration, for 2 consecutive days.HO-1 activity was inhibited by ZnPP. APAP+ZnPP+HBO group received intraperitoneal 50 µmol\kg ZnPP injection 30 minutes after APAP treatment and HBO therapy for 2 days. Serum and tissue samples were taken at 48 hours after APAP treatment. Renal and liver functions were evaluated by serum levels of urea, creatinine and transaminases. Lipid peroxidation and tissue levels of antioxidant enzymes were measure by ELISA. Tissue injury was evaluated by light microscopy.HO-1 level was determined by immunohistochemistry. HO-1 mRNA level was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum transaminase levels significantly increased after APAP treatment (p
Potential Applications of Clay-Based Therapy for the Reduction of Pesticide Exposures in Humans and Animals

The risk of pesticide exposure in humans and animals may be magnified following natural and man-made disasters such as hurricanes and floods that can result in mobilization and redistribution of contaminated sediments. To develop broad-acting sorbents for mixtures of diverse toxins, we have processed calcium and sodium montmorillonite clays with high concentrations of sulfuric acid. These acid-processed montmorillonite clays (APMs) have shown limited hydration and swelling in water, higher surface areas, and lower trace metal levels than the parent clays, prior to processing. Isothermal analyses have indicated that newly developed APMs are highly active sorbents, with significantly increased binding capacities for a wide range of pesticides, including pentachlorophenol (PCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP), lindane, diazinon, linuron, trifluralin and paraquat. The safety and protective effects of APMs, against pesticide design mixtures, were confirmed in a living organism (Hydra vulgaris). Further work is planned to confirm the safety of the APMs in long-term rodent studies. This is the first report of a sorbent material (other than carbon) with high binding efficacy for mixtures of these pesticides. Based on our results, APMs (and similar clays), may be able to decrease human and animal pesticide exposures during disasters and emergencies.