Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
KOMPOSISI TUBUH DOMBA PRIANGAN YANG DIBERI LARUTAN ELEKTROLIT BERBASIS AIR KELAPA (Cocos nucifera) DAN EKSTRAK ROSELA (Hibiscus sabdariffa) SEBELUM TRANSPORTASI

Transportasi merupakan faktor pendukung penting dalam suatu peternakan, namun terkadang menyebabkan efek negatif. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui komposisi tubuh Domba Priangan yang diberi larutan elektrolit berbasis air kelapa dan ekstrak rosela sebelum transportasi dan tingkat yang diberikan untuk dapat memertahankan komposisi tubuh dalam batas normal. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Tanggal 12-20 Januari 2015 di peternakan domba Subang dengan menggunakan 20 ekor Domba Priangan jantan dengan rataan bobot badan 19 kg. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan yaitu P0 (Kontrol, aquades 75 ml), P1 (Larutan elektrolit berbasis air kelapa 75 ml + ekstrak rosela 25 mg), P2 (Larutan elektrolit berbasis air kelapa 112,5 ml + ekstrak rosela 25 mg), dan P3 (Larutan elektrolit berbasis air kelapa 150 ml + ekstrak rosela 25 mg), dengan lima ulangan. Perlakuan diberikan sebelum transportasi. Transportasi dilakukan menggunakan mobil pick- up selama 6 jam lalu diukur komposisi tubuh dengan urea space . Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa pemberian elektrolit tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap komposisi tubuh Domba Priangan. Pemberian perlakuan sampai tingkat elektrolit berbasis air kelapa 150 ml dan ekstrak rosela 25 mg (P3) dapat memertahankan komposisi tubuh dalam batas normal. K ata kunci: Elektrolit, Komposisi Tubuh, Transportasi, Domba Priangan.
Linking teacher training to effective delivery of curriculum reform

Somaliland is a semi-autonomous quasi-state in the Horn of Africa,whose independence has yet to be recognized by the internationalcommunity. Though there has been signiﬁcant diaspora andreturnee investment in private schools in Somaliland, state schoolsare severely underfunded, and teachers across both educationsystems are paid hourly, teaching in multiple schools at once toearn a full-time salary. The Ministry of Education and HigherEducation lacks the capacity for eﬀective monitoring of all schoolsin Somaliland. This has led to the importation of multiple rivalcurricula which exist in competition with the state curriculum.Teachers make diﬃcult decisions in navigating these diﬀerentcurricula, but this means that the intended message of curriculumreform rarely makes it to the classroom. In light of this situation,rigorous teacher training is needed to help empower teachers tosupport their students eﬀectively. Such training must be designedin consultation with teachers, so as not to add more pressure to their lives.
Comparative Study of Chemical Disinfection in Drinking Water Supplies

applied to waters with moderate to high bromide levels. Kinetic disinfection models are the basis for assessing the performance and design of contactor systems. Over the years, a number of kinetic models have been proposed in order to help formulate criteria for an optimal disinfection design. Model adequacy depends on the robustness of the underlying inactivation rate law if the model accounts for the disappearance of the chemical disinfectant during the contact time. The CT concept is a simple approach used to develop disinfection requirements under the water treatment rule. The validity of using the CT concept to represent the inactivation kinetics of total coliforms including that by various disinfectants including free chlorine has been questioned recently. There is a need for development of a more comprehensive model to determine future requirements for drinking water disinfection. In 1989, research was initiated on the use of alternative disinfectants in Korea; at present, free chorine is
'Excimer’ fluorescence. IV. Solution spectra of polycyclic hydrocarbons

The fluorescence spectra of solutions of the following compounds which show excimer fluorescence are recorded: 5-ethyl, 5-butyl, 5-propyl, 5-amyl and 6-isopropyl 1:2-benzanthracene; 1:2:3:4-dibenzanthracene, perylene, 1:12-benzperylene and anthanthrene; and 2,5-diphenyloxazole. The spectra of these and other compounds showing excimer fluorescence are analyzed and discussed in terms of the potential energy of the dimer in its excited and ground states. A consideration of the molecular structure and energy levels of further compounds which do not show excimer fluorescence in solution indicates various factors which may inhibit excimer formation, namely (i) chemical combination, (ii) steric hindrance, and (iii) weakness of interaction.
Comparison of Visible and Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy to Authenticate Fresh and Frozen-Thawed Swordfish (Xiphias gladius L)

This study evaluated near-infrared (NIR) and visible-NIR (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy as a way to distinguish fresh (F) from frozen-thawed (T) swordfish cutlets (Xiphias gladius). A total of 90 F and 60 T samples were used. The T samples were stored at a high and low frozen temperature (HT: −10°C; LT: −18°C). Spectra were collected using a Vis-NIR portable spectrophotometer (380–1080 nm) and a NIR monochromator (1100–2500 nm). The percentage of correctly classified samples obtained with Vis-NIR spectroscopy was ≥ 96.7%, whereas that for NIR was ≥ 90.0%. The best classification was observed comparing F and HT samples using Vis-NIR (100 vs. 96.7%, respectively). The more descriptive principal component scores (PCS) of NIR and Vis-NIR were used with a multivariate binary logistic regression. The model with the PCS of the first two Vis-NIR principal components accounted for 81.1% of the classification. Vis-NIR could be a strategic tool to screen the cold treatment of swordfish.
Eastern Finnish saccular intracranial aneurysm disease : role of type 2 diabetes and hypertension, temporal pattern of incidence

Saccular intracranial aneurysms (sIAs) form during life at the branching sites of intracranial arteries. Rupture of sIA (sIA-SAH) is the most frequent cause of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The Kuopio sIA Database (www.uef.fi/ns) contains all cases of unruptured sIA(s) and sIA-SAH admitted to Kuopio University Hospital (KUH) since 1980 in Eastern Finland. The purchases of prescribed medicines by sIA patients (1994-2008) were obtained from the national registry. (I) In a cohort of 1862 sIA-SAH patients (1980-2007), Sunday and Monday were the most frequent and Saturday the least frequent weekday on which SAH occurred. We could not identify any etiology to this temporal pattern, and age or gender did not correlate with the Sunday and Monday peaks. (II) In a cohort of 1058 sIA-SAH and 484 unruptured sIA patients (1995-2007), 9% used antidiabetes medication. The incidence of type 2 diabetes did not significantly differ between the groups, suggesting that type 2 diabetes does not increase the risk of sIA-SAH. (III) In a cohort of 1053 sIA-SAH and 467 unruptured sIA patients (1995-2007), 90% of the unruptured sIA patients presented with hypertension, smoking, or familial sIA. Antihypertensive medication was more frequent in the unruptured group (73% vs. 62%), with higher age-adjusted incidence. Untreated hypertension was more frequent in the sIA-SAH group at sIA diagnosis (29% vs. 23%). Size of unruptured sIAs increased with age at sIA diagnosis, independently of hypertension. Our results suggest that drug-treated hypertension is associated with the formation of sIA pouches rather than their rupture. Our study stresses the importance of blood pressure control in carriers of unruptured sIAs. National Library of Medical Classification: Intracranial Aneurysm [C10.228. 140.300. 510.600] Medical Subject Headings: Intracranial Aneurysm; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Incidence
The effect of calcium doping on the improvement of performance and durability in a layered perovskite cathode for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Layered perovskite oxides have received extensive attention as promising cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) because of their faster diffusion coefficient and oxygen transport kinetics. With the goals of enhancing electrochemical properties and improving the durability, this study focuses on the effect of calcium (Ca) doping in PrBa0.5Sr0. 5−xCaxCo2O5+δ (x = 0 and 0.25) layered perovskite oxides through an investigation of their structural characteristics, electrical properties, redox behavior, electrochemical performances, and stability. In the temperature range of 100–750 °C, the electrical conductivity of PrBa0.5Sr0.25Ca0.25Co2O5+δ (PBSCaCO) is higher than that of Ca-free PrBa0.5Sr0. 5Co2O5+δ (PBSCO). The area specific resistance (ASR) value of PBSCaCO–GDC (0.079 Ω cm2) is lower than that of PBSCO–GDC (0.093 Ω cm2) at 600 °C, based on a GDC electrolyte. Moreover, PBSCaCO–GDC achieves a good performance of 1.83 W cm−2 at 600 °C. PBSCaCO shows a stable power output without observable degradation for 100 h. On the basis of these results, the PBSCaCO cathode is an excellent candidate for IT-SOFC applications.
Modeling the accumulation of three waterborne chlorinated ethanes in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas): A physiologically based approach

A physiologically based kinetic model was used to predict the accumulation of a homologous series of chlorinated ethanes in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Uptake and accumulation of these compounds are described in terms of a few fundamental physiological, morphological, and physicochemical parameters. Chemical residues in 30-d-old fathead minnows exposed to 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, pentachloroethane, and hexachloroethane were used to evaluate model performance. The predicted and observed accumulations of the chlorinated ethanes were in close agreement. A quantitative assessment of the major factors regulating the exchange of these compounds indicates that the cutaneous surface may be an important route of uptake in small fish.
Ageing phenomena in high-voltage aqueous supercapacitors investigated by in situ gas analysis

High-voltage aqueous electrolyte based supercapacitors (U > 1.23 V) attract significant attention for next-generation high power, low cost and environmentally friendly energy storage applications. Cell ageing is however markedly pronounced at elevated voltages and results in accelerated overall performance fade and increased safety concerns. Online electrochemical mass spectrometry, combined with cell pressure analysis, is for the first time shown to provide a powerful means for in situ investigation of degradation mechanisms in aqueous electrolyte/carbon based supercapacitors. The activated carbon electrodes possess high specific surface area and oxygen-based surface functionalities (mainly phenol, lactone and anhydride groups), which are oxidized already at a cell voltage of 0.6 V to provoke the evolution of minor amounts of CO and CO2. Noticeable water decomposition starts at a high voltage of 1.6 V with the evolution of H2 on the negative electrode and carbon corrosion on the positive electrode with the generation of predominantly CO. In this paper we also report that short-term cycling leads to partly reversible gas evolution/consumption side-reactions giving negligible capacitance. On the other hand, long-term cycling causes irreversible side-reactions, deteriorates the electrochemical performance, and increases the internal pressure of the cell. Repeated cycling (U < 2 V) is confirmed as a more harmful technique for the electrode integrity compared to the voltage holding in a floating test. In situ gas analysis is shown to provide valuable insights into the electrochemical cell ageing aspects, such as the nature and potential onsets of side-reactions, hence paving the way for fundamental understanding and mitigating the performance and safety loss of high-energy aqueous supercapacitors.
Test of a Symmetry Reduced Extended RISM (XRISM) Equation Against Diffraction Experiments on Liquid Benzene and Hexafluorobenzene and Evaluation of Optimized Potentials

Symmetry reduced extended RISM (XRISM) calculations have been performed on the polar molecular liquids benzene and hexafluorobenzene. By comparing XRISM results and Monte Carlo simulation data for benzene, good agreement between both methods could be shown applying different closures. Testing XRISM theory against X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments, it could be demonstrated that the method is suited to extract optimized Lennard-Jones (12,6) potentials. Although a good overall agreement with experimental data could be achieved, the remaining differences suggest that it is necessary to use more complicated potentials in order to obtain a full description of the structural details provided by the experiments. — A variation of the partial charges can be tentatively interpreted in terms of electrostatic interactions playing a decisive role in the determination of the short-range structure in the studied polar molecular liquids.
Highly adsorptive graphene aerogel microspheres with center-diverging microchannel structures

The graphene oxide aerogel microspheres were prepared by a novel approach, i.e. a combination of electrospraying and freeze-casting. The unique well-defined “center-diverging microchannel” dandelion-like structures were observed in the aerogel microspheres and a formation mechanism of the structure, i.e. radial-directional freezing–thawing, was proposed. After further thermal reduction, the reduced graphene oxide aerogel microspheres were obtained and the center-diverging microchannel structures can be remained. Due to their highly porous, hierarchical and hydrophobic structure as well as a random packing effect, the aerogel microspheres possess excellent adsorption ability for various organic solvents and oils, showing their potential applications in environmental pollutant treatment.
Enhanced Light‐Harvesting Capability of a Panchromatic Ru(II) Sensitizer Based on π‐Extended Terpyridine with a 4‐Methylstylryl Group for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

A novel Ru π‐expanded terpyridyl sensitizer, referred to as HIS‐2, is prepared based on the molecular design strategy of substitution with a moderately electron‐donating 4‐methylstyryl group onto the terpyridyl ligand. The HIS‐2 dye exhibits a slightly increased metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption at around 600 nm and an intense π–π* absorption in the UV region compared with a black dye. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) is distributed over the terpyridine and 4‐methylstyryl moieties, which enhances the light‐harvesting capability and is appropriate for smooth electron injection from the dye to the TiO2 conduction band. The incident photon‐to‐electricity conversion efficiency spectrum of HIS‐2 exhibits better photoresponse compared with black dye over the whole spectral region as a result of the extended π‐conjugation. A DSC device based on black dye gives a short‐circuit current (JSC) of 21.28 mA cm−2, open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.69 V, and fill factor (FF) of 0.72, in an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 10.5%. In contrast, an HIS‐2 based cell gives a higher JSC value of 23.07 mA cm−2 with VOC of 0.68 V, and FF of 0.71, and owing to the higher JSC value of HIS‐2, an improved η value of 11.1% is achieved.
Transfer of Metals in Soil-Grass Ecosystems under Long-Term N, P, K Fertilization in Hesse, Germany

ABSTRACT Soil and plant samples (Lolio-Cynosuretum) were taken from four different locations in Hesse, Germany. Different doses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were applied to verify metal input due to fertilization. Metal concentrations in plants increased due to mineral fertilization. Detected plant cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) concentrations in non-fertilized plots were 0.04, 4.13, 106.5, 0.57, and 23.0 mg kg−1 and in long-term NPK-amended plots they were 0.31, 15.3, 524.9, 3.49, and 60.0 mg kg−1, respectively. Transfer factor (TF) was observed to decrease in the order of Cd>Cu>Zn>Mn>Pb. The results of regression analysis showed that organic carbon (Corg) content, effective-cation exchange capacity (CECeff), and bioavailable metal content are the most important predictors for plant metal uptake. This study confirmed that plant metal uptake was not only highly affected by the soil metal content but also influenced by soil properties.
VARIACIÓN DE LAS PROPIEDADES SUPERFICIALES A ALTAS TEMPERATURAS EN ÓXIDOS DE METALES DE TRANSICIÓN SOPORTADOS EN ALúMINA, PARA SU UTILIZACIÓN EN REACCIONES CATALÍTICAS QUE INVOLUCREN ADSORCIÓN DE GASES

RESUMEN: Existe muy poca informacion actualmente sobre el comportamiento de superficies como los oxidos de metales de transicion cuando se los somete a temperaturas entre 600 y 1000oC, temperaturas a las que se trabaja normalmente en la industria. En este proyecto se utilizaron oxidos de metales como Vanadio, Cromo, Manganeso, Hierro, Cobalto, Molibdeno y Niquel. Estos solidos deben caracterizarse antes y despues de su utilizacion a distintas temperaturas. La caracterizacion implica la determinacion de Superficie BET, Difraccion de Rayos X (XRD), analisis quimicos por AAS y Espectrosco pia Fotoelectronica de Rayos X (XPS). Se exponen aqui los resultados obtenidos. Palabras clave: Superficie BET - Espectroscopia Fotoelectronica de Rayos X (XPS) - Difraccion de Rayos X (XRD) - Espectroscopia de Absorcion Atomica (AAS)
Surface-Enhanced Light Emission from Single Hot Spots in Tollens Reaction Silver Nanoparticle Films: Linear versus Nonlinear Optical Excitation

The optical properties of fractal silver films grown using the Tollens silver mirror reaction enable highly reproducible single molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). These characteristics are a result of the nanostructure morphology which supports strongly localized surface plasmon polariton excitations that dramatically enhance the incident electromagnetic field in nanoscale regions called hot spots. Besides SERS, the local field amplification enhances an array of other linear and nonlinear optical effects such as silver luminescence and second-harmonic and continuum generation. By varying film growth conditions, we establish that the intrinsic linear and nonlinear responses qualitatively correlate with film morphology in the same manner as reported for SERS. We probe the polarization anisotropy, polarization memory, power dependence, emission spectra, excitation wavelength and temperature dependence, blinking, spectral diffusion, and emission decay dynamics of both hot spot species. Strikin.
Young's Modulus and Density of thin TiO 2 Films Produced by Different Methods

The Young`s modulus and density are analyzed for 280 and 500 nm thick TiO{sub 2} layers deposited by reactive evaporation (RE) and ion plating (IP) by means of surface acoustic wave spectroscopy (SAWS) and grazing incidence X-ray reflection spectroscopy (GIXR). The layers are amorphous or polycrystalline, and have densities between 2.9 g/cm{sup 3} and 3.8 g/cm{sup 3}, depending on the deposition conditions. The measured Young`s moduli vary between 65 GPa for RE films and 147 GPa for IP layers. They are independent of film thickness, but correlate with the density. A change of the Young`s modulus due to the phase transition from amorphous to anatase is described, which occurs at temperatures above 210 C.
Effect of saline irrigation on the biomass yield, and the protein, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium composition of alfalfa in a pot experiment

Abstract Effect of saline irrigation was studied on the germination, biomass yield, protein content, and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) composition of three alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cultivars in a pot experiment. The percent germination of alfalfa cultivars decreased to 15% (Hassawi), 13% (Supreme), and 30% (CUF‐101) receiving irrigation water having total salinity of 12.3 dS/m; and up to to 30% (Hassawi), 22% (Supreme), and 64% (CUF‐101) with irrigation water salinity of 16.5 dS/m. The mortality of young alfalfa seedlings was 100% after two weeks of germination with irrigation water salinity of 12 dS/m and above. The mean green‐matter yield was 56.72 g (Hassawi), 54.29 g (Supreme), and 59.91 g (CUF‐101) per pot irrigated with water having total salinity of 7.8 dS/m. The difference in yield was not significant among the three cultivars. Overall, a green‐matter yield of 11–12 tons/ha per cutting (equivalent to 2.69–3.14 tons/ha dry matter per cutting) could be obtained with irrigation water h.
Influence of Physical-Chemical Characteristics of Soil on Zinc Distribution and Availability for Plants in Vertisols of Serbia

Sequential extraction for the determination of zinc forms in soil has been applied in order to enable clearer understanding of its mobility and availability for plants. Examinations were conducted on 20 samples of soil with different chemical and physical characteristics; plant uptake was followed on oats (Avena sativa L). A fractional scheme was applied with extraction of (I) water soluble and exchangeable adsorbed metals, (II) specifically adsorbed metals and metal bounded with carbonates, (III) reductant releasable Zn, which included Zn bonded to oxides not released in the previous step, and probably included Zn occluded in oxides, (IV) organically bonded, and (V) (residual fraction) metal structurally bonded in silicates. The majority of zinc is in residual fraction (V) (74.9% in field vertisols and 69% in meadow vertisols). Reductant releasable Zn occluded in oxides (III) is the second largest with higher values in meadows (22.2%) than in fields (17.5%). The content of zinc in organic matter (IV) is small (6.7%) in both types of soil. Specifically adsorbed zinc, and zinc bonded with carbonates (II) is low (0.1-3.1), while its’ content in exchangeable fraction (I) is negligible and is about 0.2%. Exchangeable and specifically adsorbed zinc increased with the reduction of the pH of soil, CEC, clay and clay + silt, and with the increase of silt and sand. Zinc in the residual fraction increases with the pH of soil, clay, CEC, and clay + silt. The concentration of residual zinc was determined by mechanical fraction of clay.
Critical Review Voltage-gated calcium channels and disease

Abstract. Voltage-gated calcium channels are a family of integralmembrane calcium-selective proteins found in all excitableand many nonexcitable cells. Calcium influx affectsmembrane electrical properties by depolarizing cells andgenerally increasing excitability. Calcium entry furtherregulates multiple intracellular signaling pathways as wellas the biochemical factors that mediate physiologicalfunctions such as neurotransmitter release and musclecontraction. Small changes in the biophysical properties orexpression of calcium channels can result inpathophysiological changes leading to serious chronicdisorders. In humans, mutations in calcium channel geneshave been linked to a number of serious neurological,retinal, cardiac, and muscular disorders. V C 2011 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.Volume 37, Number 3, May/June 2011, Pages 197–205 E-mail: snutch@msl.ubc. ca Keywords: calcium channel, channelopathies, epilepsy, familialhemiplegic migraine, ataxia 1. Calcium channel subtypes
On the Symmetry of the Hydrogen Bonds in Ice VII

The interaction of the hydrogen atoms with nearest neighbor oxygen atoms in the hydrogen bonds of ice VII are approximated by two equivalent Morse potentials. With the inclusion of a repulsive oxygen—oxygen interaction, the model predicts a transition to symmetric hydrogen bonding in ice VII at a pressure between 350 and 800 kbar.