Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A previously missed population of antigen-specific CD8 T cells divides in the blood after vaccination

Although clonal expansion is a hallmark of adaptive immunity, the location(s) where antigen-responding T cells enter cell cycle and complete it have been poorly explored. This lack of knowledge stems partially from the limited experimental approaches available. By using Ki67 plus DNA staining and a novel data analysis technique, we distinguished antigen-specific CD8 T cells in G0, in G1, and in S-G2-M phases after intramuscular vaccination of BALB/c mice with antigen-expressing viral vectors. We discovered an entire population of cycling cells that are usually missed. This “extra” population was present early after vaccination in lymph nodes, spleen and, surprisingly, also in the blood, which is not expected to be a site for mitosis of normal non-leukemic cells. These results have implications for previous and future immunological studies in animal models, and potentially in humans. They might also inspire hematologists to seek for other missed populations of dividing cells in blood.
Assessing the Infant Breastfeeding experience of Women in Cuddalore District of Tamilnadu, India

Suganya Sweetlin P*1, Palanivel R M2, Kamala S3, Vinoth R2, Esther Prema S1, Muhil Sakthivel4, Vijay Amirtharaj S5, Sudha V6 1Department of Paediatric Nursing, Arunai Institute of Nursing Education and Research, Then Mathur, Tiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India 2Quality Measurement and Evaluation Department, Deanship of Quality and Academic Accreditation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Fisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia 3Department of Paediatrics, Rani Meyyamai College of Nursing, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamilnadu, India 4Measurement & Evaluation Unit, Of ice of Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies & Scienti ic Research, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia 5Department of Statistics, Periyar Arts College, Silver Beach Rd, Devanampattinam, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, India 6Department of Physical Education, Immaculate College of Arts and Science for Women, No.4, Bharathi Road, Cuddalore, Tamilnadu, India
Oxidative stress responses of juvenile catfish, Clarias gariepinus exposed to potassium dichromate at sublethal concentrations in south-eastern Nigeria

The oxidative stress responses of Clarias gariepinus exposed to potassium dichromate at sublethal concentrations for 28 days were studied in 2017. Fish were exposed to 0.165, 0.0825 and 0.033 mg l−1 corresponding to 1/10, 1/20 and 1/50 of the 96 h LC50 of 1.65 mg l−1. Haematological parameters of fish decreased in haemoglobin when compared with the control and there was reduction of mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume in presence of potassium dichromate. Significant increase in white blood cells throughout the duration of exposure and decrease in lymphocytes were observed. The lipid peroxide levels were increased in test concentrations when compared with controls of liver and gill. The fish group was subjected to oxidative stress, because of lipid peroxidation in response to reactive oxygen species generation. Gill and liver tissues showed concentration and time dependent significant increase (p < 0.05) in values of malondialdehyde, catalase and superoxide dismutase, whereas there was reduced glutathione. Similarly, potassium dichromate enhanced levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase as both concentration and time dependent when compared with control. Micronuclei induction was highest (7.55) on day 14 in all concentrations in the peripheral blood cells. There were alterations in values of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase during exposure and recovery periods.
Hepatic Lipase Gene Polymorphisms Influence Plasma HDL Levels

Abstract Hepatic lipase (HL), a triglyceride lipase found in liver, adrenals, testes, and ovaries, takes part in the uptake, remodeling, and function of lipoproteins including HDL, as well as VLDL and chylomicrons. In the present study, the genotype distribution of five HL polymorphisms (−C480T, V133V, T202T, L334F, T457T) and their association to plasma lipid values were investigated. The study participants included 92 students with paternal history of myocardial infarction before the age of 55 and 194 matched control subjects, ie, the Finnish participants of the European Atherosclerosis Research Study (EARS). The allele T of the HL polymorphism −C480T showed an association with elevated HDL, apoA-I, and LpA-I values (ANOVA P<.01). No difference in genotype distribution was observed in the offspring with and without paternal history of myocardial infarction.
Visuomotor Control of Ankle Joint using Position vs. Force

Ankle joint plays a critical role in daily activities involving interactions with environment using force and position control. Neuromechanical dysfunctions (e.g. due to stroke or brain injury), therefore, have a major impact on individuals’ quality of life. The effective design of neurorehabilitation protocols for robotic rehabilitation platforms, relies on understanding the control characteristics of the ankle joint in interaction with external environment using force and position. This is particularly of interest since the findings in upper-limb may not be generalizable to the lower-limb. This study aimed to characterize the skilled performance of ankle joint in visuomotor position and force control. A 2-degree of freedom (DOF) robotic footplate was used to measure individuals’ force and position. Healthy individuals (n = 27) used ankle force or position for point-to-point and tracking control tasks in 1-DOF and 2-DOF virtual game environments. Subjects’ performance was quantified as a function of accuracy and completion time. While the performance measures in 1-DOF control tasks were comparable, the subjects’ performance in 2-DOF tasks was significantly better with position control. Subjective questionnaires on the perceived difficulty matched the objective experimental results; suggesting that the poor performance in force control was not due to experimental setup or fatigue but can be attributed to the different levels of challenge needed in neural control. It is inferred that in visuomotor coordination, the neuromuscular specialization of ankle provides better control over position rather than force. These findings can inform the design of neuro-rehabilitation platforms, selection of effective tasks, and therapeutic protocols.
Superresolved and reference-free microparticle traction force microscopy (MP-TFM) reveals the complexity of the mechanical interaction in phagocytosis

Force exertion is an integral part of cellular behavior. Traction force microscopy (TFM) has been instrumental for studying such forces, providing both spatial and directional force measurements at subcellular resolution. However, the applications of classical TFM are restricted by the typical planar geometry. Here, we develop a particle-based force sensing strategy, specifically designed for studying ligand-dependent cellular interactions. We establish an accessible batch approach for synthesizing highly uniform, deformable and tunable hydrogel particles. In addition, they can be easily derivatized to trigger specific cellular behavior. The 3D shape of such particles can be resolved with superresolution (< 50 nm) accuracy using conventional confocal microscopy. We introduce a computational method that allows us to infer surface traction forces with high sensitivity (~ 10 Pa), directly from the particle shape without embedding tracers in the particle. We illustrate the potential and flexibility of this approach by measuring forces throughout phagocytic engulfment. This strategy can readily be adapted for studying cellular forces in a wide range of applications.
IMPROVING THE DELIVERY OF SPECIAL EDUCATION SERVICES: EXAMINING COMMUNICATION AMONG TEACHERS, PARA-EDUCATORS, AND AN EDUCATIONAL COOPERATIVE

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to explore communication between participating school districts and the Cooperative with regard to the allocation of para-educators in general education classrooms. Methodology: The study employed a comparative qualitative design. Since the goal of our research is to understand the communication channels and patterns between the Cooperative, general education teachers, and para-educators, we conducted focus group discussions with para-educators, the K-5 general education teachers who work in general education classrooms and the special education teachers. Main Findings: The cooperative, special education teachers, general education teachers, and para-educators often operated in isolation of one another. Teachers and para-educators work together in the same classrooms but had a clear idea about who was providing the training and information needed to meet the needs of students in special education. Applications of the study: Frequent communication and enhanced opportunities for planning and training would improve the efficiency and effectiveness of general and special education teachers along with para-educators. Novelty: The study addressed ways to improve communication between participating school districts and the Cooperative with regard to the allocation of para-educators in general education classrooms. This would provide information about necessary training future para-educators need and expectations for engagement with students.
Methyl-CpG-binding domain 9 (MBD9) is required for H2A.Z incorporation into chromatin at a subset of H2A.Z-enriched regions in the Arabidopsis genome

The SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex, which deposits the histone variant H2A.Z into nucleosomes, has been characterized in yeast and animals but had not been purified from plants. We used the conserved SWR1 subunit ACTIN RELATED PROTEIN 6 (ARP6) as bait in tandem affinity purification experiments to isolate associated proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified all 11 subunits found in yeast SWR1 and the homologous mammalian SRCAP complexes, demonstrating that this complex is conserved in plants. We also identified several additional proteins not previously associated with SWR1, including Methyl-CpG-BINDING DOMAIN 9 (MBD9). Since mbd9 mutant plants were phenotypically similar to arp6 mutants, we further explored a potential role for MBD9 in H2A.Z deposition. We found that MBD9 is required for proper H2A.Z incorporation at thousands of discrete sites, which represent a subset of the regions normally enriched with H2A.Z. Genetic analyses showed that arp6;mbd9 double mutants have far more severe phenotypes than either single mutant. In conjunction with the finding that MBD9 does not appear to be a core subunit of the Arabidopsis SWR1 complex, this suggests that MBD9 also has important roles beyond H2A.Z deposition. Our data establish the SWR1 complex as being conserved across eukaryotes and also provide new insights into the mechanisms that target H2A.Z to chromatin.
Experimental Study on the Influence of Lateral Stress and Drying on Creep Poisson's Ratio of Concrete

In this study, creep characteristics of concrete under multiaxial stress caused by uniaxial loading in confined conditions are experimentally investigated. Focus is hereby given to the creep Poisson's ratio with regard to different degrees of lateral confinement as well as different drying conditions. The unconfined and confined specimens with the steel tube are used in the creep test. As results of the test and reproducing calculation based on the theory of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio of concrete obtained by instantaneous loading test could be also used as creep Poisson’s ratio regardless of conditions of lateral stress and drying.
IDP-Seq2Seq: identification of intrinsically disordered regions based on sequence to sequence learning

MOTIVATION Related to many important biological functions, intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are widely distributed in proteins. Accurate prediction of intrinsically disordered regions is critical for the protein structure and function analysis. However, the existing computational methods construct the predictive models solely in the sequence space, failing to convert the sequence space into the "semantic space" to reflect the structure characteristics of proteins. Furthermore, although the length-dependent predictors showed promising results, new fusion strategies should be explored to improve their predictive performance and the generalization. RESULTS In this study, we applied the Sequence to Sequence Learning (Seq2Seq) derived from natural language processing (NLP) to map protein sequences to "semantic space" to reflect the structure patterns with the help of predicted Residue-Residue Contacts (CCMs) and other sequence-based features. Furthermore, the Attention mechanism was employed to capture the global associations between all residue pairs in the proteins. Three length-dependent predictors were constructed: IDP-Seq2Seq-L for long disordered region prediction, IDP-Seq2Seq-S for short disordered region prediction, and IDP-Seq2Seq-G for both long and short disordered region prediction. Finally, these three predictors were fused into one predictor called IDP-Seq2Seq to improve the discriminative power and generalization. Experimental results on four independent test datasets and the CASP test dataset showed that IDP-Seq2Seq is insensitive with the ratios of long and short disordered regions and outperforms other competing methods. AVAILABILITY For the convenience of most experimental scientists, a user-friendly and publicly accessible web-server for the powerful new predictor has been established at http://bliulab.net/IDP-Seq2Seq/. It is anticipated that IDP-Seq2Seq will become a very useful tool for identification of intrinsically disordered regions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Detecting GPC3-Expressing Hepatocellular Carcinoma with L5 Peptide-Guided Pretargeting Approach: An In Vitro MRI Experiment

Background and Aim : Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a novel molecular target for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigated the potential of an L5 peptide-guided pretargeting approach to identify GPC3-expressing HCC cells using ultra-small super-paramagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) as the MRI probe. Methods : Immunofluorescence with carboxyfluorescein (FAM)-labeled L5 peptide was performed in HepG 2 and HL-7702 cells. Polyethylene glycol-modified ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (PEG-USPIO) and its conjugates with streptavidin (SA-PEG-USPIO) were synthesized, and hydrodynamic diameters, zeta potential, T 2 relaxivity, and cytotoxicity were measured. MR T 2 -weighted imaging of HepG 2 was performed to observe signal changes in the pretargeting group, which was first incubated with biotinylated L5 peptide and then with SA-PEG-USPIO. Prussian blue staining of cells was used to assess iron deposition. Results : Immunofluorescence assays showed high specificity of L5 peptide for GPC3. SA-PEG-USPIO nanoparticles had â‰ˆ36 nm hydrodynamic diameter, low toxicity, negative charge and high T2 relaxivity. MR imaging revealed that a significant negative enhancement was only observed in HepG 2 cells from the pretargeting group, which also showed significant iron deposition with Prussian blue staining. Conclusion : MR imaging with USPIO as the probe has potential to identify GPC3-expressing HCC through L5 peptide-guided pretargeting approach.
A laboratory transmission diffraction Laue setup to evaluate single-crystal quality

A scanning laboratory Laue transmission setup is developed to probe extended quasi-monocrystalline samples. Orientation mapping is achieved by controlling the collimation of the incident beam and scanning the position of the specimen. An automated indexing algorithm for transmission Laue patterns is presented, together with a forward simulation model adapted for a laboratory setup. The effect of the main parameters of the system is studied with the aim of achieving exposure times of the order of one second. Applications are presented to probe the orientation of an extended part and detect disoriented regions within the bulk. Finally, the analysis of diffraction spot shapes shows that the misorientation within the illuminated volume can be measured, and a new method is proposed to evaluate its complete mean lattice rotation tensor.
Corporate governance and voluntary disclosures: a story about corporate transparency from Indonesia

This study examines the impacts of corporate governance attributes on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) listed companies' voluntary disclosures. Year-ending 2012 annual report disclosures of 100 IDX listed companies are analysed using a disclosure index. The results show a low level of voluntary disclosures (25.97%). The regression analysis shows that board size is a positive and significant predictor of voluntary disclosure practices. Agency theory thus partially explains the variability of these disclosure practices. Older companies also provide more disclosures. It is implied that the number of commissioners determines the strength of the board of commissioners in pushing the board of directors to be more transparent. Thus, to be more informed, international investors should invest their money in older companies having a greater number of commissioners.
A Corpus-Based Critical Discourse Analysis of Chinese President Xi Jinping’s New Year Message

China Guided by the critical discourse analysis theory, this paper analyzes the 2014-2018 New Year message delivered by Chinese President Xi Jinping from the following five aspects: high-frequency words, personal pronouns, transitivity, pragmatics, and rhetoric, so as to further realize the conceptual meaning conveyed by Chinese President Xi Jinping’s New Year message. At the same time, this paper verifies the value and advantages of critical discourse analysis theory in analyzing political speeches, and appreciates President Xi’s speech and leadership
Peak-Load Forecasting for Small Industries: A Machine Learning Approach

Peak-load forecasting prevents energy waste and helps with environmental issues by establishing plans for the use of renewable energy. For that reason, the subject is still actively studied. Most of these studies are focused on improving predictive performance by using varying feature information, but most small industrial facilities cannot provide such information because of a lack of infrastructure. Therefore, we introduce a series of studies to implement a generalized prediction model that is applicable to these small industrial facilities. On the basis of the pattern of load information of most industrial facilities, new features were selected, and a generalized model was developed through the aggregation of ensemble models. In addition, a new method is proposed to improve prediction performance by providing additional compensation to the prediction results by reflecting the fewest opinions among the prediction results of each model. Actual data from two small industrial facilities were applied to our process, and the results proved the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Food Safety Issues Related to Uses of Insects for Feeds and Foods.

Edible insects are expected to become an important nutrient source for animals and humans in the Western world in the near future. However, before insects can be put on the market, the safety of their use for feed and food is warranted. This literature study was prepared to provide an overview of the actual knowledge of possible food safety hazards, including chemical, microbiological, and allergenic agents and prions, to human and animal health upon the use of insects for food and feed, and to highlight data gaps and suggest the way forward. From the data available, heavy metals of concern are cadmium in black soldier fly and arsenic in yellow mealworm larvae. Investigated mycotoxins do not seem to accumulate. Residues of pesticides, veterinary drugs, and hormones, as well as dioxins and PCBs, are sometimes found in insects. Contamination of insects with pathogens to human health is a consequence of a combination of the substrates used and the farming and processing steps applied. Insects harbor a wide variety of microorganisms, and some human pathogenic bacteria may be present. In addition, insects may harbor and transmit parasites. There is no evidence so far insects may harbor pathogenic viruses or prions, but they may act as vectors. Insects and insect-derived products may have allergenic potential. In this review, evidence on some safety aspects is displayed, and data gaps are identified. Recommendations are given for future research to fill the most relevant data gaps.
Multi-objective Tourist Trip Design Problem in Chiang Mai City

This study aims to solve a multi-objective tourist trip design problem (MO-TTDP) in order to simultaneously maximize tourist satisfaction and minimize total traveling cost. The goal is to identify optimal routing for tourist under time window and time horizon constraints. The mathematical model is first presented to find optimal routing under limited budget. However, the exact algorithm cannot find solution with multiple objectives simultaneously. Therefore, this study applies a metaheuristic, called Global Local and Near-Neighbour Particle Swarm Optimization (GLNPSO), to solve the MO-TTDP. Several local search strategies are also proposed to enhance the solution quality. The proposed algorithm is implemented on the real-case study in Chiang Mai City, Thailand. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm yields a set of diverse and high quality non-dominated solutions.
Organizing Pneumonia as a Manifestation of AIDS in a Patient With Partially Treated Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia

Organizing pneumonia (OP), formerly called bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia, is a rare disease characterized by necrotizing granulomas and fibrosis in the small airways of lungs. We arguably present the fourth reported case of a patient with human immunodeficiency virus who was diagnosed with OP in the setting of partially treated Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP). A 59-year-old white man with human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome had multiple admissions for pneumonia, which was culture negative and partially treated for possible PJP. Eventually, a lung biopsy showed necrotizing OP and fibrosis, typical of OP, with granulomatous features and 3 PJP organisms seen on biopsy. The patient eventually improved with intravenous corticosteroids, whereas primaquine and clindamycin were continued for partially treated PJP. Organizing pneumonia should be considered in immunodeficiency with persistent pulmonary infiltrates not responding to antibiotic therapy. Whether immunodeficiency or infections predispose these patients to OP remains unclear. Prolonged corticosteroids remain the cornerstone of therapy in OP.
The Neutral Metaorganism

aMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany bGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany cInstitute for General Microbiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany dZoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany eInstitute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China fInstitute for Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany gInstitute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany