Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modélisation et conception optimale d’un moteur linéaire à induction pour système de traction ferroviaire

Cette these porte sur l’etude des performances du moteur lineaire de reference par la methode d’analyse elements finis, et la conception optimale sur un modele lourd en temps de calcul. La methode elements finis est utilisee pour etudier les performances du moteur lineaire de reference, car le modele analytique d’un moteur lineaire est difficile a construire du aux effets d’extremites. Le modele elements finis (MEF) 2D permet de prendre en compte l’effet d’extremite de longueur finie. L’effet d’extremite de largeur finie est integre au modele 2D en faisant varier la conductivite du secondaire et en ajoutant une inductance de tete de bobines. Ensuite, le couplage entre le MEF 3D magnetique et thermique permet de prendre en compte tous les effets d’extremite et de l’influence de la temperature. Un banc d’essais est construit pour valider les modelisations elements finis. La comparaison entre les differents modeles montre l’importance du modele couple. L’optimisation directe sur un MEF est tres couteuse en temps de calcul. Les strategies d’integrer un modele de substitution au lieu d’un MEF sont etudiees. L’optimisation directe sur un modele de substitution et l’algorithme Efficient Global Optimisation (EGO) sont compares. Un algorithme Space Mapping (SM) 3 niveaux est propose. Les resultats des cas tests montrent que le SM 3 niveaux est plus efficace par rapport a l’algorithme SM 2 niveaux. Une nouvelle strategie d’optimisation avec un faible budget d’evaluation du MEF est proposee et testee dans le contexte d’une modelisation difficile. La strategie proposee permet d’evaluer les MEF en parallele, ainsi permet un gain considerable de reduction du temps d’optimisation.
Peptide-Based Inhibitors of Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Serine Protease: Kinetic Aspects and Inhibitor Design

The selectivity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural protein 3 (NS3) protease inhibitors was determined by evaluating their inhibitory effect on other serine proteases (human leukocyte elastase (HLE), porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE), bovine pancreatic chymotrypsin (BPC)) and a cysteine protease (cathepsin B). For these peptide inhibitors, the P1-side chain and the C-terminal group were the major determinants of selectivity. Inhibitors with electrophilic C-terminal residues were generally non-selective while compounds with non-electrophilic C-terminal residues were more selective. Furthermore, compounds with P1 aminobutyric acid residues were non-selective, while 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACPC) and norvaline-based inhibitors were generally selective. The most potent and selective inhibitors of NS3 protease tested contained a non-electrophilic phenyl acyl sulfonamide C-terminal residue. HLE was most likely to be inhibited by the HCV protease inhibitors, in agreement with similar substrate specificities for these enzymes. The identified structure-activity relationships for selectivity are of significance for design of selective HCV NS3 protease inhibitors.
The slWaC Corpus of the SloveneWeb

The availability of large collections of text (language corpora) is crucial for empirically supported linguistic investigations of various languages; however, such corpora are complicated and expensive to collect. In recent years corpora made from texts on the World Wide Web have become an attractive alternative to traditional corpora, as they can be made automatically, contain varied text types of contemporary language, and are quite large. The paper describes version 2 of slWaC, a web corpus of Slovene containing 1.2 billion tokens. The corpus extends the first version of slWaC with new materials and updates the corpus compilation pipeline. The paper describes the process of corpus compilation with a focus on near-duplicate removal, presents the linguistic annotation, format and accessibility of the corpus via web concordancers. It then investigates the content of the corpus using the method of frequency profiling, by comparing its lemma and part-of-speech annotations with three corpora: the first version of slWaC, with Gigafida, the one billion word reference corpus of Slovene, and KRES, the hundred million word reference balanced corpus of Slovene.
ARTierchen - Augmented Reality in touch

Augmented Reality (AR) ist eine Technik, welche die reale Welt um virtuelle Objekte erweitert. Unter Nutzung von mobilen Geräten und speziellen AR-Displays können auch virtuelle Spielwelten in räumliche Umgebungen eingebettet werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag sollen am Beispiel des AugmentedReality-Spiels „ARTierchen“ die Möglichkeiten dargestellt werden, die sich dem Entwickler durch die computergerenderte visuelle Erweiterung einer zugrunde liegenden natürlichen Spielwelt für interaktive 3D-Spiele bieten.
Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Chemotherapeutic Sensitivity of Testicular Germ Cell TumorsUnderHypoxicConditions IsNegativelyRegulatedby SENP 1-Controlled Sumoylation of OCT 4

Testicular germcell tumors (TGCT) generally respondwell to chemotherapy, but tumors that express low levels of the transcription factor OCT4 are associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis. Hypoxia is known to induce drug resistance in TGCTs; however, the mechanistic basis for reduced expression of OCT4 and drug resistance is unclear. Here we show that hypoxia reduces OCT4 levels and increases the resistance of embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells to cisplatin and bleomycin. Furthermore, we show that the loss of OCT4 expression under hypoxia canbe triggered by sumoylation,whichwas regulated by SUMO1and the SUMO1peptidase SENP1. Under hypoxic conditions, overexpression of SUMO1gg (the active form of SUMO1) not only increased the level of sumoylated OCT4 (Su-OCT4), but also decreased the stability of OCT4 protein. In addition, overexpression of SENP1 reduced the Su-OCT4 level induced by SUMO1gg overexpression, thereby maintaining OCT4 levels and enhancing chemosensitivity. Mechanistic investigations revealed that OCT4 sumoylation occurred at K123, as overexpression of an OCT4-K123R mutant effectively reduced the level of Su-OCT4 under hypoxic conditions. Taken together, our results showed that hypoxia reduces OCT4 expression levels in ECs to increase drug resistance and that these effects could be countered to ablate the suppressive effects of hypoxia on chemosensitivity. Our findings also highlight SENP1 as a potential therapeutic target for drug resistant TGCTs. Cancer Res; 72(19); 4963–73. 2012 AACR.
Review: Change management model to consolidate the success of information technology (IT) projects in higher education institutions (HEI)

With the objective of referencing the relevant aspects for the elaboration of a change management model, an investigation was made focused on the revision of bibliographic databases related to the processing of technology and information projects; The researchers sought to know the success factors of this type of projects and how they affect the transition process of the companies. The construction of the reference frame is sectioned by the following compilations: The historical, the conceptual, the contextual, the theories and the legal, and its development makes it possible to clarify the conceptions of other works that glimpse the subject in a practical and enlightened way; It also provides access to information for the good pleasure of other researchers and positions the project in a general framework of science, technique and technology. The contents of this article detail the important aspects of the study.
MUTUAL INTEREST BETWEEN THE SEXES AND REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN DROSOPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA

Abstract The pre-mating behavior of female Drosophila pseudoobscura has been considered passive and “coy” relative to more active, “ardent,” and indiscriminate male behavior. To test whether this long-held view—the “received wisdom” about mating behavior in Drosophila—is really true we carried out observations on how often D. pseudoobscura females approached males prior to courtship and copulation. By including only virgin females and males in the experiments, we eliminated the possibility that males are “coy” due to sperm limitation and females flexibly “coy” due to male manipulations that may affect the duration of remating inhibition. We observed the movements of females and males in vials during the first five minutes of exposure to one another. Video records revealed females went toward males as frequently as males toward females; we inferred that females were as interested in males as males in females. The total number of offspring emerging as adults correlated significantly with mutual, precourtship interest of both males and females in their vial-mates and latency to copulation. Thus, we hypothesize that females in nature approach males, perhaps actively soliciting male courtship simply by remaining close to them.
Health care rationing through inconvenience. The third party's secret weapon.

Many strategies for the containment of medical costs have emerged from systems of managed care — gatekeeping by a primary care physician, prior authorization and utilization review, assumption of financial risk through capitation payments to the provider with financial disincentives for hospitalization or referral to specialists, and so forth. But another feature has crept into the managed care formula and has been largely overlooked: that of slowing and controlling the use of services and payment for services by impeding, inconveniencing, and confusing providers and consumers alike. In managed care's arsenal of cost-control weaponry, probably none is more potent — except .
Malonic Semialdehyde Reductase, Succinic Semialdehyde Reductase, and Succinyl-Coenzyme A Reductase from Metallosphaera sedula: Enzymes of the Autotrophic 3-Hydroxypropionate/4-Hydroxybutyrate Cycle in Sulfolobales

ABSTRACT A 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle operates during autotrophic CO2 fixation in various members of the Crenarchaea. In this cycle, as determined using Metallosphaera sedula, malonyl-coenzyme A (malonyl-CoA) and succinyl-CoA are reductively converted via their semialdehydes to the corresponding alcohols 3-hydroxypropionate and 4-hydroxybutyrate. Here three missing oxidoreductases of this cycle were purified from M. sedula and studied. Malonic semialdehyde reductase, a member of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family, reduces malonic semialdehyde with NADPH to 3-hydroxypropionate. The latter compound is converted via propionyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. Succinyl-CoA reduction to succinic semialdehyde is catalyzed by malonyl-CoA/succinyl-CoA reductase, a promiscuous NADPH-dependent enzyme that is a paralogue of aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase. Succinic semialdehyde is then reduced with NADPH to 4-hydroxybutyrate by succinic semialdehyde reductase, an enzyme belonging to the Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase family. Genes highly similar to the Metallosphaera genes were found in other members of the Sulfolobales. Only distantly related genes were found in the genomes of autotrophic marine Crenarchaeota that may use a similar cycle in autotrophic carbon fixation.
Initiation of DNA interstrand cross-link repair in humans: the nucleotide excision repair system makes dual incisions 5' to the cross-linked base and removes a 22- to 28-nucleotide-long damage-free strand

Most DNA repair mechanisms rely on the redundant information inherent to the duplex to remove damaged nucleotides and replace them with normal ones, using the complementary strand as a template. Interstrand cross-links pose a unique challenge to the DNA repair machinery because both strands are damaged. To study the repair of interstrand cross-links by mammalian cells, we tested the activities of cell extracts of wild-type or excision repair-defective rodent cell lines and of purified human excision nuclease on a duplex with a site-specific cross-link. We found that in contrast to monoadducts, which are removed by dual incisions bracketing the lesion, the cross-link causes dual incisions, both 5' to the cross-link in one of the two strands. The net result is the generation of a 22- to 28-nucleotide-long gap immediately 5' to the cross-link. This gap may act as a recombinogenic signal to initiate cross-link removal.
Individual variability in the distributional learning of L2 lexical tone

This study tested whether successful learners of an artificial tone language exhibit sensitivity to varying degrees of tonal informativeness, which has previously been shown to effect spoken word recognition in native Mandarin speakers. Twenty naïve listeners, whose L1 is American English, learned an artificial language in which each visual nonce symbol was arbitrarily associated with a Mandarin-like monosyllable and tone. The stimuli were designed to mimic Mandarin’s uneven distribution of syllable-tone combinations; syllable frequency and the likelihood of a syllable co-occurring with a particular tone were manipulated across 4 days of training. The results showed that successful learners (those whose perception and production accuracy were consistently above the daily median) most accurately perceived and produced frequent syllables with probable tones and infrequent syllables with probable tones. Successful learners were least accurate in perceiving and producing infrequent syllables with least probable tones. Learners whose daily accuracy was below the median showed no such sensitivity to syllable-conditioned tonal probability. This finding supports the claim that L2 learners can be sensitive to statistical information available from novel input, and further demonstrates that statistical learning takes place even from an early stage of acquisition in successful L2 learners.
Mobile Food Pantries: A Marketing Opportunity

The role of food banks is changing. For more than 30 years food banks have existed as a temporary solution to food insecurity and hunger by providing emergency food services. Many food banks recognize that in addition to serving emergency food needs, they now also contend with chronic food insecurity (Hess 2016). The 2016 USDA estimates suggest that 41 million people in the United States are food insecure. This translates into 1 in 8 individuals in households who are unable to obtain the quality and quantity of food needed for basic health and well-being. While this number is basically unchanged since 2015, it is higher than rates before the 2007 recession. Feeding America conducts a study called Map the Meal Gap to better understand variations in food access and costs at the local level (Gundersen et al 2016). With a nationwide network of 200 food banks and 60,000 food pantries and meal programs that provide food and services to people annually, Feeding America attempts to understand the barriers to access for their clients in the communities they serve. The Mobile Food Pantry (MFP) is one of the new programs designed to overcome the barrier of location as many clients without transportation or, who live in rural or remote areas cannot always get to the Foodbank in their community (Parrott 2017). This goal of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of marketing MFP’s by select food banks in reaching citizens most in need of this program enhancement. Possible marketing solutions are provided to enable food banks to better over the barrier of location in the provision of food services. Mobile food pantry programs remove location as a barrier to access for food bank clients in hard to reach, underserved or food barren areas. For Feeding America, the nation’s largest domestic hunger-relief organization, the MFP program allows for fast, flexible delivery of meat, produce and baked goods at convenient locations such as churches and community centers. In Santa Barbara, CA, the program started in 1999 with a small grant from UPS and a donated ‘retired’ beverage truck (Smith-Meyer 2013). The food bank made its first MFP delivery to a small parking lot offering 800 pounds of food (consisting of a loaf of bread, a bag of bans and a large chunk of cheese. The Santa Barbara food bank now has 11 monthly MFP distribution sites, targeting underserved neighborhoods and rural corners of the county. Two or three times a week, in church parking lots, community centers and convenient neighborhood locations, you can find their MFP set-up supplying fresh food directly to anyone in need of it. These “pantries on wheels” play a fundamental role in feeding hungry people (Smith-Meyer 2013). Every month, individuals and families living in Santa Barbara and surrounding rural communities have access
Multiscale simulation of small peptides: Consistent conformational sampling in atomistic and coarse‐grained models

A bottom–up coarse‐graining procedure for peptides in aqueous solution is presented, where the interactions in the coarse‐grained (CG) model are determined such that the CG peptide samples conformations according to a high‐resolution (atomistic) model. It is shown that important aspects of conformational sampling, such as correlated degrees of freedom (DOF) which play an important role in secondary structure formation, can be reproduced in the CG description. In some cases, microscopic structural/conformational details are lost in the coarse‐graining process. We show that these “lost” properties can be recovered in a backmapping procedure which reintroduces atomistic DOF into CG structures — as long as the overall conformational sampling of the molecule is correctly represented in the CG level of resolution. Thus, it is possible to link an existing all‐atom model of a biomolecular system with a CG description such that after inverse mapping one can recover structures at high resolution with the correctly sampled (according to the atomistic model) conformational properties. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Formin-mediated actin polymerization cooperates with Mud / Dynein during Frizzled / Dishevelled spindle orientation

Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403 Institute of Molecular Biology and Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403 Present address: Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131 Address for correspondence: Email: johnstca@unm.edu; Email: prehoda@uoregon.edu © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.
The Swift satellite and redshifts of long gamma-ray bursts

Until 6 October 2005 sixteen redshifts had been measured of long gamma-ray bursts discovered by the Swift satellite. Further 45 redshifts have been measured of the long gamma- ray bursts discovered by other satellites. Here we perform five statistical tests comparing the redshift distributions of these two samples assuming as the null hypothesis an identical distribution for the two samples. Three tests (Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) reject the null hypothesis at significance levels between 97.19 and 98.55%. Two different comparisons of the medians show extreme (99.78 - 99.99994)% significance levels of rejection. This means that the redshifts of the Swift sample and the redshifts of the non-Swift sample are distributed differently - in the Swift sample the redshifts are on average larger. This statistical result suggests that the long GRBs should on average be at the higher redshifts of the Swift sample.
Dreaming as Delirium: How the Brain Goes Out of Its Mind

With a new foreword by the author. In this book, J. Allan Hobson sets out a compelling -- and controversial -- theory of consciousness. Our brain-mind, as he calls it, is not a fixed identity but a dynamic balancing act between the chemical systems that regulate waking and dreaming. Drawing on his work both as a sleep researcher and as a psychiatrist, Hobson looks in particular at the strikingly similar chemical characteristics of the states of dreaming and psychosis. His underlying theme is that the form of our thoughts, emotions, dreams, and memories derive from specific nerve cells and electrochemical impulses described by neuroscientists. Among the questions Hobson explores are: What are dreams? Do they have any hidden meaning, or are they simply emotionally salient images whose peculiar narrative structure refects the unique neurophysiology of sleep? And what is the relationship between the delirium of our dream life and psychosis? Originally published by Little, Brown under the title The Chemistry of Conscious States.
Social Capital and Innovation Performance in Firms

This chapter contributes to the debate on the conceptual differences and disparities in the definitions of social capital among researchers. It also delves into the potential influence of social capital on innovation performance of firms, which continues to fuel its misunderstanding in the literature. The study critically reviews, discusses and presents available literature on the concept of social capital and its subsequent influence on innovation performance. The methodology is an extensive review of available literature on the concepts and the possible link between them. The investigation provides a potential contribution to the debate on the relationship between social capital and innovation performance in firms as a way of direction and attempts to synthesize what academia considers with regard to the concepts and points out potential areas of research required to develop the overall subject area. The chapter offers a resource for practitioners and students in this new field which has attracted the attention of enterprise developers.
Anesthetic and technical considerations in redo coronary artery bypass surgery using sternal-sparing approaches.

REOPERATIVE CORONARY ARTERY bypass grafting (CABG) has decreased significantly in the previous 20 ears, likely because of the increased availability of percutaeous coronary intervention (PCI). 1 Reoperative surgery using he classic trans-sternal approach is more technically challengng than primary surgery and is associated with an increased isk of major complications and death.2,3 There is an increased isk of injury to patent bypass grafts, the great vessels, and right entricle during sternal re-entry. Manipulation of the aorta or iseased bypass grafts can precipitate embolization and cause troke or myocardial infarction.2,4,5 Reoperative sternotomy also is associated with prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, an increased risk of sternal wound infections, and postoperative mediastinitis.2,5 Patients undergoing reoperative sternotomy often have regional ischemia with patent grafts or native vessels to other territories. Although sternotomy provides the best exposure for global access to the myocardium, when only regional access is required, limited-access nonsternotomy approaches are an attractive option. Collectively, these are known as minimally invasive direct CABG (MIDCAB). In addition to the standard monitoring, there are specific anesthetic considerations for nonsternotomy approaches in reoperative coronary surgery. These include the possible use of lung separation techniques and the need for external defibrillator pads. In addition, it is imperative to be prepared for catastrophic events and longer surgical times. An avoidance of CPB affords the benefit of avoiding the coagulopathic derangements that occur on CPB, including platelet, fibrinogen, and coagulation factor dysfunction and dilution. Another common coagulopathic consequence of CPB is fibrinolysis. During off-pump CABG, the use of fibrinolytics usually is not needed. The authors present 3 patients who underwent nonsternotomy approaches to CABG. The surgical approach for each patient was chosen based on vessel involvement.