Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geometric Semi-automatic Analysis of Colles’ Fractures

Fractures of the wrist are common in Emergency Departments, where some patients are treated with a procedure called Manipulation under Anaesthesia. In some cases this procedure is unsuccessful and patients need to visit the hospital again where they undergo surgery to treat the fracture. This work describes a geometric semi-automatic image analysis algorithm to analyse and compare the x-rays of healthy controls and patients with dorsally displaced wrist fractures (Colles’ fractures) who were treated with Manipulation under Anaesthesia. A series of 161 posterior-anterior radiographs from healthy controls and patients with Colles’ fractures were acquired and analysed. The patients’ group was further subdivided according to the outcome of the procedure (successful/unsuccessful) and pre- or post-intervention creating five groups in total (healthy, pre-successful, pre-unsuccessful, post-successful, post-unsuccessful). The semi-automatic analysis consisted of manual location of three landmarks (finger, lunate and radial styloid) and automatic processing to generate 32 geometric and texture measurements, which may be related to conditions such as osteoporosis and swelling of the wrist. Statistical differences were found between patients and controls and pre- and post-intervention, but not between the procedures. The most distinct measurements were those of texture. Although the study includes a relatively low number of cases and measurements, the statistical differences are encouraging.
Improving the dynamical seasonal prediction of western Pacific warm pool sea surface temperatures using a physical–empirical model

The western Pacific warm pool (WPWP) has a profound impact on the global climate. In this study, the forecast skill of ENSEMBLES model for predicting the WPWP sea surface temperature (SST) for the period 1960–2006 is evaluated, where a WPWP index (WPWPI) is defined to represent the interannual variability of WPWP SST. The result indicates that the ENSEMBLES exhibit a poor skill in predicting the WPWPI during January–April (2‐ to 5‐month forecasts starting on November 1). To improve the ENSEMBLES‐predicted WPWP SSTs during January–April, a physical–empirical (PE) model is developed based on two predictors, using the year‐to‐year increment method and the linear regression method. The two predictors include the ENSEMBLES‐predicted sea level pressure during January and the observed northern tropical Atlantic SSTs during the preceding August. The mechanisms associated with the two predictors are illuminated. The 1‐year‐out cross‐validation and the independent hindcast indicate that this PE model may notably improve the WPWPI prediction of ENSEMBLES, with a correlation coefficient (CC) above 0.6 between the PE‐model‐predicted WPWPI and the observed WPWPI during January–April. The physical mechanisms expounded in this study and the PE model utilized in this study can be considered to improve the prediction of WPWP SST of numerical models in the future.
Highlights from Heart Rhythm Society 2017: Atrial Fibrillation

s on catheter ablation for AF once again were a large part of the 2017 Annual Scientific Sessions, but I do not think that I’m unique in my opinion that we are in a period of refinement of this procedure (specifically with respect to energy sources, lesion sets, targets and protocols) while we wait for the ‘‘next big thing. ’’ Not to completely leave out catheter ablation, the results of the POWDER AF trial were presented at the late breaking clinical trials by Dr. Mattias Duytschaever. It is certainly true that most people seek the definition of ablation success that is reported in the R. N. Doshi The Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm Management, August 2017 2818 literature—that is, when the patient is arrhythmia-free beyond the blanking period off antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs). This is arbitrary considering that a previously ineffective medication may become effective after a catheter ablation. The POWDER AF trial randomized patients undergoing their first contact force-guided ablation procedure who were free of arrhythmia during the three-month blanking period to either continuation or discontinuation of their previously ineffective AADs. At 12 months post ablation, a significantly higher percentage of patients remained arrhythmia-free as compared with those who stopped their AADs at three months (97.3% vs. 78.1%, po0.001). Not surprisingly, patients had fewer unscheduled visits and improved symptoms. The authors conclude that combined therapy after a first ablation may result in improved outcomes. While not surprising, the results of this study raise an important issue regarding clinical practice. We typically follow prior clinical trial design, which is designated primarily to demonstrate a benefit or superiority of a therapy. A clinical benefit such as that demonstrated in the POWDER AF trial should not be discounted. In addition, it will be interesting to see if there is a long-term benefit if AAD use is discontinued. This would be reminiscent of data originally presented at the Annual Sessions in which the AF-free period after epicardial fat pad botulinum toxin injection in patients undergoing open heart surgery long outlasted the autonomic effects.
IMPACT OF FINANCIAL LITERACY ON INVESTMENT DECISIONS IN
KACHCHH REGION OF GUJARAT STATE - A REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Today in the competitive nancial market, it is necessary that people should be nancially literate. The economy of our country is facing one such problem that is nancial literacy which is a major challenge faced by all the countries globally. Financial Literacy is the mix of one's knowledge, skill, ability and attitude towards nancial matters. Therefore, the need for nancial literacy has become inevitable. Ÿ Research from around the world reports inadequate Financial Literacy which raises serious concerns about the ability of individuals to secure their nancial well-being. Ÿ Country like India which has young population, the government is in a position to increase the level of nancial literacy through nancial education programs and launching of new programs. Ÿ Financial literacy goes beyond the provision of nancial information and advice. It is the ability to know, monitor, and effectively use nancial resources to enhance the well-being and economic security of an individual, his family, and his business. Ÿ This present research work is carried on with the objective to study the nancial literacy of individuals and its impact on investment decisions in Kachchh Region of Guajarat State
Architecture Framework for Blockchain Implementation

Background: The release of Nakamoto’s whitepaper, describing the inner workings of Bitcoin, triggered a vast interest in blockchain’s core. In resent years, an elevated technological fascination is evident in the large number of new blockchain platforms, tokens and technological solutions aiming to solve the technology’s shortcomings. An enabler of high security, transparency, and auditability, blockchain has been envisioned as the missing piece of the foreseen IoT breakthrough. Industries outside cryptocurrencies are starting to show an elevated interest in the technology. Objective: To facilitate future blockchain implementations, an architecture framework is derived with appropriate viewpoints, models and corresponding guidelines that software architects are recommended to consider. Methods: The framework is empirically constructed following a design science research methodology over three cycles. Challenging scenarios and guidelines are gathered from a workshop with five case company participants, 14 interviews, and a structured literature review including 229 primary studies of which 17 are thoroughly perused. Two industry evaluation sessions with case company representatives assess the framework. An interviewee survey sent out to study participants and a SAPSA conference talk with subsequent feedback from impartial industry representatives further evaluate the work. Results: Beyond well known viewpoints traditionally used in architecture frameworks, five new viewpoints can be derived from the findings. The applicability viewpoint addresses the pronounced difficulty of finding an appropriate use case and using blockchain properly. The ecosystem viewpoint addresses the current scarcity of blockchain expertise and the means by which developers can be supported in their smart contract development. The infrastructure viewpoint highlights how the system’s topology and platform parameters affect its performance, scalability and transaction throughput. The legal viewpoint helps architects taking informed decisions in the light of current legal developments with an accent on network liability and private data management. Lastly, the end user viewpoint attend to the identified prioritization of technological aspects over customer value. Conclusions: The framework need further refinement, e.g. through the addition of extra viewpoints from other frameworks. Nevertheless, the ambition to establish initial implementation practices is satisfied. The viewpoints and their respective guidelines are anticipated to be of industrial value, based on evaluations provided by the case company and other industry representatives.
Preliminary investigation of acute recovery and the influence of anesthetics following blast induced traumatic brain injury in C57BL/6 mice

Recognition of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has increased due to higher rates of injuries reported in sports and veterans. Several animal models exist to study TBI, but one that is particularly relevant in recapitulating combat trauma is blast-induced TBI (bTBI). Ethical considerations have resulted in the use of anesthetics and analgesics in virtually all animal models of TBI. However, emerging evidence indicates that anesthetics may provide neuroprotection that could confound results. Therefore, I am determining the level of anesthetic induced neuroprotection in acute recovery (48 Hours) following bTBI by assessing damage sustained to the dentate gyrus, retrosplenial and visual cortices. Using a Cranium Only Blast Injury Apparatus, I delivered non-lethal blast overpressures averaging 534 kiloPascals (kPa) to five groups of adult C57BL/6 mice (control, no anesthetic, xylazine only (13 mg/kg, IP), xylazine/buprenorphine (13 mg/kg, IP and 0.1 mg/kg, SC), and ketamine, xylazine, buprenorphine (75 mg/kg, IP, 13 mg/kg, IP 0.1 mg/kg, SC). Following recovery, immunocytochemistry was used to visualize changes in: doublecortin (a marker for neurogenesis), parvalbumin and calretinin (two calciumbinding proteins), and the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein. My preliminary results show increases in neurogenesis and differential effects of calretinin and parvalbumin in all brain regions following blast injury in the absence of anesthetic and that the use of anesthetics alters these results. Because injuries sustained in combat vii may not receive medical attention until 48 hours after trauma, this time point can offer valuable information regarding the specific pathways affected and the therapeutic window required for pharmacological intervention.
Ranking of Four Types Fodder as Sole Diet Considering Biological Characteristics and Growth of Local Growing Bulls

Aims: In this experiment, evaluation of intake, digestibility and growth performances of local growing bulls by feeding Jumbo-green, Para and German grass based on Index (Mf) of Maize are considered and ranked this fodder accordingly. Study Design: Completely randomized block design. Place and Duration of Study: Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka, between July 2016 and September 2016. Methodology: Biomass production efficiency (Xddm), animal production efficiency (Xap), CH4 emission deduction efficiency (XCH4) and benefit to cost efficiency (Xbc) was considered to identify the biological characteristics of four fodders. Statistical analysis was done through SPSS-17 to evaluate the intake, digestibility and growth of animal. Rank of each fodder was calculated through the equation of Maize index (Mi) = (Xddm + Xap + XCH4 + Xbc)/4. Results: Aggregation of four arithmetic average efficiency; Jumbo-green, Para and German got 0.42, 0.40 and 0.72 point out of 1.0 point of Mi, respectively. Among four fodders German grass performed best in terms of average daily gain (107 gm/d) and feed conversion ratio (46.9) compared to maize silage (64 gm/d & 58.4, respectively). Weight loss of bulls fed Jumbo and Para has occurred unexpectedly. Conclusion: In combination of mathematical calculation and statistical evaluation, the rank of four fodders measured as Maize>German>Jumbo-green>Para.
Multifaceted role of apolipoprotein L1 risk variants and nephropathy

Dear Editor, The discovery of apolipoprotein L-1 (APOL1) risk variants has highlighted the possible role of genetic factors as a key player in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In humans, APOL1 protein is encoded by the APOL1 gene and plays a role in innate immunity (1). In persons with African ancestry, the carriers of APOL1 G1 and/or G2 alleles offer protection from trypanosomiasis. However, the carriers of G1 and/or G2 alleles have shown an susceptibility to developing CKD in these populations (2,3). APOL1 related nephropathy includes HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), membranous nephropathy (MGN), sickle-cell nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, arterionephrosclerosis, lupus nephritis, microalbuminuria, non-diabetic kidney diseases, CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (4,5). Further, APOL1 nephropathy risk variants are associated with shorter survival of deceased kidney allografts (6), lower renal function, interstitial and fibrosis glomerulosclerosis (7) and also age-related alterations in the volume and number of glomeruli over the lifespan (8). However, not all carriers of the risk variants developing the renal disease, indicating the potential interaction of APOL1 genotype with the environmental factors in CKD pathogenesis and progression. In normal human kidney, the APOL1 protein localizes to the proximal tubules, podocytes and extraglomerular arterioles and small arteries of endothelium (7). Although the exact pathogenic mechanism by which APOL1 variants make patients susceptible to CKD is not known, diminished APOL1 expression is reported in the podocytes of HIVAN and FSGS kidney biopsies compared to normal kidneys (2, 4). The other potential mechanisms include activation of inflammation, impairment of kidney microcirculation, vascular endothelial dysfunction, cation pore formation and activation of protein kinase R (9). The APOL1 variants can be cytotoxic to proximal tubular cells and leading to podocytic apoptosis (10-12). Further, APOL1 variants form cation K(+) pores in the plasma membrane that facilitate the reduction in intracellular K+ and subsequent activation of stress kinases pathways that exert nephrotoxicity (13). It is also reported that the APOL1 risk variants are associated with collapsing glomerulopathy (14). Furthermore, elevated CKD risk associated with APOL1 risk variants is modulated by other genetic, environmental and factors (15). ARTICLE INFO
A Planar W-Band Large-Scale High-Gain Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Slot Array

A <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band large-scale substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed slot array for high-gain applications is presented in this communication. The proposed antenna consists of a compact 16-way power divider and a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$32\times33$ </tex-math></inline-formula> slot array. The 16-way power divider at the bottom-layer PCB provides equal-amplitude and alternative-phase excitation for 32 SIWs on the top layer PCB, and each of them supports 33 radiation slots. The loss along with the complexity of the feeding network is reduced by the implementation of alternative-phase excitation. To demonstrate the proposed slot array, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 33$ </tex-math></inline-formula> slot array excited by a two-way power divider is designed first. Then, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times33$ </tex-math></inline-formula> slot array is extended to a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$32\times33$ </tex-math></inline-formula> slot array by a 16-way power divider. To verify the proposed slot array, the designed array is fabricated and measured. The measured peak gain, radiation, and aperture efficiencies are 30.88 dBi, 42%, and 22.8% at 93.2 GHz, respectively. The proposed high-gain antenna is an excellent candidate for the high-frequency millimeter-wave (mm-wave) wireless system.
Testing The Taylor Rule: The Case of Turkey

Bu calismanin amaci 2005:1-2019:1 donem icin aylik verilerle ARDL yontemi kullanarak TCMB’nin faiz kararlarini Taylor Kurali’na uygun bir sekilde alip almadigini sinamaktir. Bulgular; uzun donemde, Turkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankasi’nin politika faizi kararlarini hem cikti acigina hem de enflasyon acigina gore aldigini ancak politika faiz kararinin enflasyon acigiyla iliskisinin daha guclu oldugunu gostermektedir. Kisa donemde ise sadece enflasyon acigiyla arasinda iliski bulunmus olup cikti acigiyla arasinda herhangi bir anlamli iliski bulunamamistir. Sonuc olarak TCMB, uzun donemde hem fiyat istikrarina hem cikti istikrarina gore karar alirken kisa donemde sadece fiyat istikrarina odaklanmaktadir.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards Colostrum Feeding Among Antenatal Care Attendant Pregnant Mothers in Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Bench Maji Zone, SNNPR, South West Ethiopia, 2016/2017 G.C

Background: United Nation children’s fund and world health organization recommend colostrums as newborns perfect food that should be initiated within the first hour after birth. Breastfeeding is a common practice in Ethiopia, importance of colostrums feeding is still poorly understood. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards colostrums feeding among ANC attendant pregnant mothers in MTUTH, Bench-Maji, SNNPR and South West Ethiopia 2016/2017. Methods: The data was collected by using semi-structured questionnaire which contain variables as well as both open and close-ended questions in face to face interview for a total of 207 women who follow ANC were included in the study. Results: This study showed that 65.2% of mothers had information about colostrums feeding during pregnancy from various source. 138 (66.66%) of mothers have knowledge about advantage of colostrums feeding. Most mothers had positive attitude (69.4%) about colostrums feeding and 72.46% agreed that colostrums is good milk for body growth and mental development for newborn. Conclusion and recommendation: Many women had good knowledge, positive attitude and practice about colostrums feeding but the data still indicates further effort are required to improve knowledge, attitude and practice of colostrums feeding. so, there should be clear policy guideline to promote colostrums feeding as well as EBF. Its practicability should monitor by concerning body.
The Experience of Alienation in Season of Migration to the North and Song of Solomon : A comparative Study of Mustafa Saeed and Milkman

The study aims at tracing out the comparable value Al-tayeb Saleh and Toni Morrison partake and deciphers it through their narratives Season of Migration to the North (SMN) and Song of Solomon (SS). It investigates Afro-Arabs and Afro-Americans’ sense of alienation, a recurring theme in modern literature in general and the novel in particular. These novelists present a painstaking study of the effects of alienation which is a result of loss of identity on Afro-Arabs and Afro-Americans represented by Mustafa Saeed and Milkman. It holds out how the manifestation of alienation in both narratives are exhibited and also to show to what extent time and place have a role in promoting alienation features. A major objective of the study is to show how racism and the white values affect Afro-Arabs and Afro-Americans who undergo the impact of colonialization and materialism for ages. The comparative methodology is used to show the outcome of adopting the white values and neglecting the past. It is concluded that denying one’s history and adopting the destructive ideas of the other that contradict societies that have an intellectual, cultural and religious legacy is ruinous as it leads one to alienation. Getting the best of the other as well as preserving original roots is necessary for a healthy and balanced personality. What impels me to tackle such topic is the timeless trauma and dilemma shared and experienced by Afro-Arabs and Afro-Americans due to their color.
Evaluation of thrombolytic properties of Nigella sativa, Capsicum frutescens and Brassica oleracea

Thrombolytic drugs are widely used for the management of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis patients. Several in vitro models have been developed to study clot lysis activity of thrombolytic drugs, but all of these have certain limitations. The present study was carried out to investigate the thrombolytic activity, synergistic activity on thrombolysis in the aqueous extract of fruits of Nigella sativa, Capsicum frutescens, Brassica oleracea. An in vitro thrombolytic method was used to investigate the thrombolytic activity of plant extracts in blood sample from healthy human volunteers, along with streptokinase as a positive control and water as a negative control. Same method was also applied to assess the synergistic activity of plant extracts with streptokinase. Aqueous extract of Nigella sativa, Capsicum frutescens, Brassica oleracea showed 40.65%, 36.93%, 57.03% thrombolytic activity and also showed 60.46%, 80.00%, 72.50% synergistic activity with streptokinase respectively. Among the plant extracts studied Capsicum frutescens showed significant % of synergistic activity (80%) with compared to other plant extracts. The present study demonstrates that Capsicum frutescens extract showed synergistic activity with streptokinase on thrombolysis. Isolation and purification of the compound responsible for synergistic activity would be one of the best sources of herbal drugs for atherothrombotic diseases.
Seven-level NPC Inverter-based Neuronal Direct Torque Control of the PMSM Drives with Regulation Speed Using Neural PI Controller

In the scope of this work, a new structure of the direct torque control (DTC) technique scheme of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) is proposed using a seven-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter and artificial neural networks (ANNs) controllers. This intelligent strategy was used to replace, on the one hand the integral proportional (PI) speed controller, on the other hand and the traditional switching table in order to reduce total harmonic distortion (THD) of voltage/current, stator flux ripple and electromagnetic torque ripples. The modeling and simulation of the proposed control scheme were carried out in Matlab/Simulink environment. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy scheme reduced harmonic distortion of stator voltage/current, stator flux and electromagnetic torque ripples compared to traditional DTC control scheme, DTC control scheme with space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) and three-level DTC control scheme. It was found that the stator current waveform becomes purely sinusoidal with a reduction in the harmonic distortion rate to 11.77%.