Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Watching T.V. and Playing Video Games and their Relation to Children Obesity between the Ages of (6:12)

Obesity of newly born children and adolescents increase all over the world. Although ratios are stable in some contexts, the number of children who suffer overweight and obesity in countries of low and medium income increases, compared with the number in advanced countries of high income. The current study aims to investigate the practices of TV viewing and video games in a sample of children in the age group (6-12) from the point of view of their mothers, also examine the relationship of practices of watching TV and playing video games to increase the rate of childhood obesity. The study sample consisted of (332) mothers of obese children in the age between (6-12) years to know their feedback on the role of TV viewing and playing video games in the incidence of childhood obesity. A questionnaire was designed to collect information from mothers of children about TV viewing and playing video games related to child obesity by interviewing mothers of children. The results of the study showed that the percentage of watching TV and playing video games is 72% and the proportion of non-watching TV and video games is 28%, also we found that the mothers of children with obesity sits a large period of time in front of TV with their children, so the more hours of watching will lead to children obesity, because the viewer is always a negative recipient. It shows that the children aptitude to have increases, with watching T.V. drama and food advertisements and also with video games. Focusing on watching makes them unconscious of what they eat and makes them greedy. The researcher, accordingly sees that it is important to give parents guides about supplying food during watching which has fatal tragic effects.
Trends in Mortality in an Australian Tertiary Surgical Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Aim: The aim of the study was to estimate mortality rate and trend in the neonate admitted to a surgical neonatal intensive care unit. Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort analysis of all neonatal (from birth to Results: There were a total of 8994 admissions with 425 deaths during the study period, of whom 328 infants met inclusion criteria. In this group 18.9% (n=62) were admitted for a surgical condition, 35.4% (n=116) for cardiac disease and 45.7% (n=150) for other reasons. The median birth weight was 2715g (IQR 1890g-3220g) and the median gestational age was 37 weeks (IQR 33-39 weeks). The inter-quartile range for length of stay was between 2 to 20 days. The overall mortality rate was 3.6% over 16 years. There was a decline in mortality rate from 5.9% in 2000 to 3.5% in 2015 (p=0.06). Female infants accounted for 41% of the deaths. On multivariate analysis only very low birth weight was an independent predictor of mortality for surgical and cardiac deaths compared to deaths by other cause. Conclusions: There has been an overall decline in mortality in the surgical neonatal population from 2000 to 2015.
Review of Pseudomonas Attachment and Biofilm Formation in Food Industry

During the last few decades, extensive attention has been paid on the management of food alteration and contamination caused by spoilage organisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The ability to metabolize a variety of diverse nutrients enables these bacteria to survive in a variety of habitats by developing biofilms. Biofilms are more resistant to antimicrobials making their elimination from food processing facilities a big challenge. However, understanding the mechanisms by which these microorganisms develop biofilm has remained elusive. In this background and because of their resistant phenotype, attention should be focused on better understanding how to eradicate completely Pseudomonas biofilm . In this review our ultimate goal is to covers recent advances in biofilm formation and to describe certain factors linked to biofilm resistance. It is important to note that future endeavours are needed to elucidate mechanisms that reduce the susceptibility of biofilms to biocides.
Antonios-Constantine Thanellas DETECTION OF PARKINSON’S DISEASE FROM MR IMAGES

The scope of this thesis is to process and analyze statistically Magnetic Resonance Images (MR) from Parkinson’s disease patients in order to detect brain areas that exhibit brain change which is caused by the disease. Parkinson’s disease is an idiopathic disease which means that its cause is yet unknown. It is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system which causes the progressive death of specific brain neurons that leads to motor impairments (tremor, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity) and non motor ones (cognitive, sleep, sensation disturbances). Magnetic Resonance Images (T1-weighted) were acquired from both Parkinson’s patients and healthy subjects (Controls) at intervals of 0 and 5 years. The data have undergone longitudinal (two-time-point), cross sectional (single-time-point) and statistical analysis with the use of FSL software library. Evidence of atrophy among Parkinson’s patients aroused, in brain areas near the ventricles and the middle temporal gyrus, after statistical analysis.
Spiritual Intelligence and Entrepreneurial Success in Family Business: An Enquiry

The research is an enquiry to find whether Spiritual Intelligence of an entrepreneur in family business has any effect on success of an entrepreneurial both in the terms of personal success and organisational success. This holistic approach in the study is maintained so that we can understand what are the factors of spiritual intelligence and how do they affect every factor in both personal success and organisation success of an entrepreneur.
Carbon storage of Mediterranean grasslands

Secondary grasslands are one of the most common vegetation types worldwide. In Europe, and in the Mediterranean basin, human activities have transformed many woodlands into secondary grasslands. Despite their recognized role in the global carbon cycle, very few data are available for estimating the biomass of Mediterranean grasslands. We developed linear regression models in order to predict the biomass of two native Mediterranean grasses ( Ampelodesmos mauritanicus and Hyparrhenia hirta ) and an invasive alien grass ( Pennisetum setaceum ). Ampelodesmos mauritanicus is very common throughout the Mediterranean basin, mostly on north-facing slopes, H. hirta characterizes thermo-xeric grasslands, while P. setaceum is an alien species that is rapidly spreading along coastal areas. The measured morphometric attributes of individual plants as potential predictors were considered. The validation results corroborate the ability of the established models to predict above ground and total biomass of A. mauritanicus and P. setaceum . We also evaluated the total biomass per hectare for each species. The highest biomass per hectare was found for A. mauritanicus , whereas biomass was higher for H. hirta than for P. setaceum . The replacement of H. hirta by P. setaceum may reduce the total carbon storage in the ecosystem; however, P. setaceum allocates more resources to the roots, thus increasing the more stable and durable pool of carbon in grasslands.
Evaluating rotational grazing technology for integrated Bali cattle-oil palm system on herbage production to support sustainable meat production in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia.

This study aimed to evaluate the production and the natural forage species that grow in the area of oil palm plantations on rotational grazing system with Bali cattle. Twelve Bali cows with an average weight of 100 kg and aged 1-1.5 years of use in this study. Twelve cows were divided into 3 treatment, namely 1 AUE/ 1 ha, 1 AUE/1.5 ha, and 1 AUE/2 ha. Paddock area built adapted to the calculation of AUE (Animal Unit Equivalent). Each paddock consisted of four sub-paddock used for implementing grazing rotation. Grazing rotation is conducted by putting the cows in the paddock for 7 daysgrazing period and 21 days of resting period. Four samples for the production parameters (total weight, leaf, stem, live and dead material) were taken for each sub-paddock with quadrat (0,5x0.5 m 2 ) square. The samplings were conducted one day before every cows entering into their respective sub-paddock. The results obtained were analyzed using ANOVA followed by DMRT to test the difference between the means. The results showed that different AUE has no effect on the total production, leaf weight, stem weight, leaf:stem ratio, and live:dead ratio. Forage production for the first month was significantly (P <0.05) higher than those of the second and third month.
Juvenile Delinquency: Is Society to Blame?

The aim of the study is to present the main characteristics of juvenile delinquency from Romania before and after 1989 in order to emphasize and clarify the relevance and the role of psycho-social factors in the evaluation and prevention of vulnerability exhibited or implied by delinquent behaviors. For this purpose, we relayed on the existing studies and researches concerning juvenile delinquency in the communist and post-communist regime, and also conducted our own investigation through questionnaires, document analysis and interviews on a population of 420 juvenile delinquents and 420 persons in control group. The first batch of studies was taking into account internal (within) and external (without) pressures and influences present in the life of the juvenile delinquent but it did not state a clear case regarding the pre-eminence of one influence over another. Our inquiry tried to sift through them and assess their importance in triggering delinquent behaviour in youth.The general conclusion of the study is that the range and impact of social and educational factors upon the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency are higher and stronger than any other factor. © 2016 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.uk
The Gaia astrophysical parameters inference system (Apsis) - Pre-launch description

The Gaia satellite will survey the entire celestial sphere down to 20th magnitude, obtaining astrometry, photometry, and low resolution spectrophotometry on one billion astronomical sources, plus radial velocities for over one hundred million stars. Its main objective is to take a census of the stellar content of our Galaxy, with the goal of revealing its formation and evolution. Gaia's unique feature is the measurement of parallaxes and proper motions with hitherto unparalleled accuracy for many objects. As a survey, the physical properties of most of these objects are unknown. Here we describe the data analysis system put together by the Gaia consortium to classify these objects and to infer their astrophysical properties using the satellite's data. This system covers single stars, (unresolved) binary stars, quasars, and galaxies, all covering a wide parameter space. Multiple methods are used for many types of stars, producing multiple results for the end user according to different models and assumptions. Prior to its application to real Gaia data the accuracy of these methods cannot be assessed definitively. But as an example of the current performance, we can attain internal accuracies (RMS residuals) on F,G,K,M dwarfs and giants at G=15 (V=15-17) for a wide range of metallicites and interstellar extinctions of around 100K in effective temperature (Teff), 0.1mag in extinction (A0), 0.2dex in metallicity ([Fe/H]), and 0.25dex in surface gravity (logg). The accuracy is a strong function of the parameters themselves, varying by a factor of more than two up or down over this parameter range. After its launch in November 2013, Gaia will nominally observe for five years, during which the system we describe will continue to evolve in light of experience with the real data.
A prospective randomized double blind study to compare dexmedetomidine and midazolam in ear nose and throat surgery for monitored anesthesia care

Background: Analgesia and sedation are usually required for the comfort of the patient during ear, nose and throat surgery done under local anesthesia as a part of monitored anesthesia care (MAC). In this study, patients satisfaction scores and effectiveness of sedation and analgesia with dexmedetomidine were compared with midazolam. Methods: Thirty patients received intravenous dexmedetomidine 1µg/kg bolus for 10 minutes followed by continuous infusion at 0.5 µg/kg/hr (group D). Thirty patients received intravenous midazolam 40 µg/kg bolus for 10 minutes followed by infusion at 50 µg/kg/hr (group M). Intravenous fentanyl (2ug/kg) was administered in both the groups. Vital parameters such as heart rate, mean blood pressure (MBP), respiratory rate (RR), SpO 2 , ramsay sedation score (RSS) and visual analog scale (VAS) was observed and recorded throughout the operation and then three times in the recovery room i.e. at arrival 30 and 60 min. After achieving RSS = 3, local infiltration at surgical site was given. Results: The drop in HR and MBP from pre-operative value was observed at various intervals during the surgery and also in the recovery in both the groups but it was significant in group D (P<0.005). Patient satisfaction was significantly better with dexmedetomidine compared to midazolam (p=0.0001). There were no side effects in both of the groups except for bradycardia in group D which was reversed easily with injection atropine. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine promises to be a suitable alternative to midazolam with added advantage of better patient satisfaction and faster recovery, but with close monitoring of hemodynamics.
Characterization of the Female Attractiveness Pheromone in the Red-spotted Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis concinnus

Pheromones are chemical cues used to communicate between individuals within a single species. Previous work with reproductive pheromones in lower vertebrates has focused on the red-sided garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis. Studies have shown that this species has a female attractiveness pheromone that elicits courtship behavior in males. Chemical analysis of this pheromone suggests that the composition of the female attractiveness pheromone varies among garter snake species. This study conducted trailing experiments to investigate whether methyl ketones contained in the skin lipids of red-spotted garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis concinnus, are responsible for eliciting male trailing behavior; hypothesizing that these cues, as observed with the red-sided garter snake, serve as the sexual attractiveness pheromone for this species. Males snake were tested on a y-maze with four different treatments: 1) a blank maze, 2) trails laid down by male red-spotted garter snakes, 3) trails laid down by female redspotted garter snakes, and 4) trails composed of methyl ketone extracts from female redspotted garter snakes. Males were found to actively trail both female trails and methyl ketone extract trials, supporting the role of methyl ketones as the sexual attractiveness pheromone for this species.
Effects of Ultrasonic Disintegration, Hot-Compressed Liquid Water Pre-Treatment, and Steam Explosion on Solvolysis and Digestibility Of Grain Sorghum Stover

One of the most promising renewable energy crops and biomass feedstock for biogas production in Europe is the C4 plant grain sorghum due to its high photosynthetic efficiency. The release of lignocellulosic material and therefore the acceleration of degradation processes of sorghum stalks and leaves can be achieved using mechanical and thermal pretreatments, which assist to hydrolyse the cell walls and speed the solvolysis of biopolymers. This study is focused on hotcompressed liquid water, steam explosion and ultrasonic pre-treatments of grain sorghum stover. The effectiveness of pre-treatments was evaluated by means of soluble chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, and by the biogas and methane productivities. The results show that the pre-treatments disintegrated the lignocellulosic structure, increased and accelerated the biogas and methane production, and increased the mesophilic anaerobic digestion potential of grain sorghum stover. Our laboratory tests demonstrated that the steam exploded grain sorghum stover possess the highest biogas productivity.
1H NMR Cryoporometry Study of the Melting Behavior of Water in White Cement

The pore size of white cement samples is studied by the melting behaviour of water confined in it, using 1H NMR cryopormetry. The influence of the preparing method and antifreeze admixture on the pore size and distribution in cement samples is investigated at 283 K. The addition of an antifreeze admixture [containing 1% Sika Rapid 2 by weight of the dry cement] influences the porosity. In wet prepared samples we observed a significant increase in the quantity of mesopores between 0.8 and 5 nm and a smaller increase of mesopores between 5 and 10 nm, when compared to cement without admixture. The compressive strength is related to the porosity of the cement. Therefore the cement with Sika Rapid 2, wet prepared at 278 K shows a higher strength than all other measured samples.
DIC for Surface Motion Analysis Applied to Displacement of a Stent Graft for Abdominal Aortic Repair in a Pulsating Flow

Stent graft migration has been recognized to influence the long-term durability of endovascular aortic repair. Flow-induced displacement forces acting on the attachment zones may contribute to this migration. An experimental perfusion model consisting of the flow loop described by Roos et al. 2014 was used for further characterization of the pulsating flow induced stent graft movements with monocular and stereoscopic configurations of an optical imaging system. This paper adds new information on displacement measurement accuracy and 3D deformation analysis of the stent graft, which is used for abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment. The work describes used modification of Soloff’s Stereo PIV reconstruction algorithm for surface motion analysis. It was found that the oscillation of the stent graft’s body in the perpendicular direction to the front plane was 5 times less than side movements of the bent stent graft. These results can be used for further studies on different stent graft geometrical configurations and CFD simulations using fluid-structure interaction approach.
Correlation between small-scale velocity and scalar fluctuations in a turbulent channel flow

Direct numerical simulations of a turbulent channel flow with passive scalar transport are used to examine the relationship between small-scale velocity and scalar fields. The Reynolds number based on the friction velocity and the channel half-width is equal to 180, 395 and 640, and the molecular Prandtl number is 0.71. The focus is on the interrelationship between the components of the vorticity vector and those of the scalar derivative vector. Near the wall, there is close similarity between different components of the two vectors due to the almost perfect correspondence between the momentum and thermal streaks. With increasing distance from the wall, the magnitudes of the correlations become smaller but remain non-negligible everywhere in the channel owing to the presence of internal shear and scalar layers in the inner region and the backs of the large-scale motions in the outer region. The topology of the scalar dissipation rate, which is important for small-scale scalar mixing, is shown to be associated with the organized structures. The most preferential orientation of the scalar dissipation rate is the direction of the mean strain rate near the wall and that of the fluctuating compressive strain rate in the outer region. The latter region has many characteristics in common with several turbulent flows; viz. the dominant structures are sheetlike in form and better correlated with the energy dissipation rate than the enstrophy.
Multi-Level Audio Classification Architecture

A multi-level classification architecture for solving binary discrimination problem is proposed in this paper. The main idea of proposed solution is derived from the fact that solving one binary discrimination problem multiple times can reduce the overall miss-classification error. We aimed our effort towards building the classification architecture employing the combination of multiple binary SVM (Support Vector Machine) classifiers for solving two-class discrimination problem. Therefore, we developed a binary discrimination architecture employing the SVM classifier (BDASVM) with intention to use it for classification of broadcast news (BN) audio data. The fundamental element of BDASVM is the binary decision (BD) algorithm that performs discrimination between each pair of acoustic classes utilizing decision function modeled by separating hyperplane. The overall classification accuracy is conditioned by finding the optimal parameters for discrimination function resulting in higher computational complexity. The final form of proposed BDASVM is created by combining four BDSVM discriminators supplemented by decision table. Experimental results show that the proposed classification architecture can decrease the overall classification error in comparison with binary decision trees SVM (BDTSVM) architecture.
Antituberculosis Agents on the Horizon

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem despite the availability of efficacious drug therapies and efforts being made to decrease its incidence. TB is the second leading cause of death globally due to an infectious disease behind the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [1]. TB is caused by the infective bacillus organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis which primarily affects the lungs. There are two forms of TB: latent TB infection (LTBI) and active TB disease. In LTBI the organisms are non-replicating and the infected individual does not display symptoms of the infection. Active TB disease is seen when the organism slowly replicates inside the host cells. Patients exhibit signs and symptoms of the infection during active TB [2].
The Italian Crisis within the European Crisis. The Relevance of the Technological Foreign Constraint

The debate on the Italian economic crisis in the Euro zone should address a fundamental issue: what is the origin of the decline in productivity that affected the Italian economic system even before the European crisis begun in 2010? We argue that the effective demand can be revived only by governing the structural economic dynamics. Embracing a theoretical approach that may be called “structuralism” in line with the contributions by Leon (1965), Sylos Labini (1977) and Pasinetti (1993), we will propose to analyze the technological causes that may explain the balance-of-payment constraint affecting year by year the Italian growth. In this perspective we will introduce the notion of technological foreign constraint. We will argue that such a phenomenon, not the increasing public debt, constitutes the shock that deteriorated the Italian labour productivity in the last twenty five years. In the last part of the article we will also present an empirical proof of the previous thesis, by showing the technological dependence of the Italian economic system by the German economic system, through the estimation of the productivity gap equation. We propose this equation drawing inspiration from Paolo Sylos Labini (1984, 1993, 2004).