Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Value of Leukocyte Count Abnormalities in Newly Diagnosed Tuberculosis Patients

Background: The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is frequently challenging given that the clinical and radiographic features of TB are often nonspecific. Altered leukocyte count ratios could serve as new tools of diagnostic orientation of tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of the leukocyte count ratios for the diagnosis of TB. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including cases of newly diagnosed TB patients from registers of the TB treatment center of the Douala General Hospital. Control subjects were healthy volunteers, age and sex matched, recruited at the blood bank. Sociodemographic, clinical data and peripheral blood parameters were collected. The diagnostic value of leukocyte counts was determined using receiver operating characteristics curve analysis. Results: In total, 204 TB patients and 204 control subjects were included in the study. The gender of the participants was equitably distributed in the 2 study groups (male 61.8%; female 38.2%). The median age of TB patients was 33 years while that of control patients was 32 years. The monocyte-lymphocyte count ratio (MLR) and neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLR) were significantly higher in the TB patients group compared to control group. A NLR >1.19 and MLR >0.29 were identified as cut-off values for discriminating TB patients. The areas under the curves (AUC) were 0.77 and 0.84 for the MLR and NLR respectively. Conclusion: A raised NLR > 1.19 and MLR > 0.29 are predictive of tuberculosis. The NLR has greater diagnostic ability as evidenced by its higher AUC. Further research is needed to confirm or refute our findings.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Karang Lunak Asal Teluk Palu, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia

Bioaktif antioksidan merupakan substansi yang penting bagi kesehatan manusia. Karang lunak telah diketahui memproduksi bioaktif dengan keragaman struktur dan aktivitas biologi, termasuk memproduksi bioaktif antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan bioprospeksi karang lunak dari perairan Teluk Palu sebagai penghasil antioksidan. Penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel, identifikasi, ekstraksi (maserasi) karang lunak, skrining konstituen kimia, pengujian aktivitas antioksidan (penangkapan radikal DPPH), dan penentuan IC50. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Teluk Palu, pesisir desa Kabonga Besar, Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah. Berdasarkan bentuk koloni monomorfik, tujuh sampel karang lunak yang digunakan pada penelitian ini termasuk dalam genus Sinularia, Dampia dan Sarcophyton. Analisis konstituen kimia mengindikasikan adanya senyawa saponin, fenolik, triterpenoid, dan alkaloid. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH, menunjukkan ekstrak kasar karang lunak menunjukkan persentase inhibisi radikal DPPH yang lemah. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan (metode DPPH) dari fraksi hasil partisi tujuh ekstrak kasar karang lunak berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dengan kategori kuat sampai lemah. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak karang lunak asal Teluk Palu berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan. Karang lunak di pesisir Desa Kabonga Besar didominasi oleh genus Sinularia. Antioxidant Activity of Soft Corals Extracts from Palu Bay, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia Abstract The antioxidants substances are important for human health. Soft corals have been known to produce compounds with a variety of structural and biological activities, including bioactive antioxidants. The aim of this research was to obtain information of soft coral bioprospection from Palu Bay as an antioxidant. The research included sampling, identification, extraction (maceration) of soft corals, screening of chemical constituents, antioxidant activity assay (DPPH’s radical scavenger), and determination of IC50. Soft coral samples were collected from Palu Bay, coastal village of Kabonga Besar, Donggala District, Central Sulawesi. Based on the shape of the monomorphic colony, seven soft coral samples that were used in this study belong to the genus Sinularia, Dampia and Sarcophyton. Analysis of chemical constituents indicated the presence of saponin compounds, phenolics, triterpenoids, and alkaloids. The results of the antioxidant activity by DPPH method showed that soft coral crude extracts have a weak percentage of DPPH’s radical inhibition, while the results of the fraction had potential to be antioxidants with strong to weak categories. From the results of this study, it concluded that the soft coral extracts from Palu Bay have the potential as a source of antioxidants. The genus Sinularia dominates soft coral on the coast of Kabonga Besar Village.
ANÁLISE DA INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA ENTRE PAÍSES EMERGENTES: ESTUDO DE CASO DOS BRICS

O objetivo geral deste trabalho consiste em analisar o processo de internacionalização universitária do Brasil com os demais países membros dos BRICS – Rússia, Índia, China e África do Sul – comparando as políticas adotadas durante o período de governo de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) e Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016). A metodologia utilizada consistiu em uma abordagem comparativa e qualitativa tendo como base a análise de acordos e convênios assinados, bem como o conteúdo dos pronunciamentos oficiais dos presidentes brasileiros e entrevistas com expoentes da área tanto do Brasil quanto dos países membros dos BRICS. Como resultados identificaram-se discrepâncias entre visões e ações de internacionalização universitária entre os países membros, sendo que todos os acordos bilaterais celebrados durante o governo Lula previam reciprocidade, o que não foi percebido ao longo do governo Dilma: com a Índia e África do Sul houve relações de multinacionalização do ensino superior, ou seja, um dos países exerceu mais influência sobre o outro. Por fim, para inserir-se estrategicamente no cenário internacional, o Brasil precisaria interagir mais com os demais países emergentes na busca por soluções de problemas conjuntos e/ou similares e, principalmente, eleger a educação e construção de conhecimento como os norteadores do desenvolvimento do país.
Effects of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone and Vitamin C on Diabetes Associated Testicular Dysfunction and Oxidative Damages in Testis of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice: Histopathological Study

The aim of this study was to investigate the hitherto unknown potential of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) in regulating diabetes associated testicular dysfunctions and oxidative damages in testis of adult mice. Seven groups such as normoglycemic and PQQ treated controls; STZ-treated and STZ + PQQ treated (5, 10 and 20 mg/ kg/day, separately) and STZ + Vit.C (50 mg/kg) were established. After 18 days of experimentation, alterations in the markers of oxidative stress, various antioxidants, lipid profile, serum insulin, testosterone and testicular histology were evaluated. Administration of single dose of STZ (150 mg/kg b.wt) enhanced not only testicular lipid peroxidation and lipid hydroperoxides levels; but also serum concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipid and very low density lipid; with a parallel decrease in serum insulin, testosterone, and different antioxidants in diabetic mice. However, on simultaneous administration of PQQ, particularly at a dose of 20 mg/kg, most of these adverse effects were ameliorated. While the PQQ (20 mg/kg) decreased the serum glucose by 50%, it increased insulin and testosterone levels by 59% and 169% respectively in STZinduced animals, these results suggest that PQQ may have potential to ameliorates diabetes-induced testicular dysfunction.
Effects of dietary synbiotic supplementation on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant status, and meat quality in Partridge shank chickens

ABSTRACT This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of incorporating a synbiotic into diet on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant status, and meat quality in Partridge shank chickens. A total of 128 1-day-old male Partridge shank chicks were randomly divided into 2 groups, and each group consisted of 8 replicates with 8 birds each. Birds in the 2 treatments were fed a basal diet supplemented with or without 1.5 g of a synbiotic per kg of feed consisting of prebiotics (xylooligosaccharide and yeast cell wall) and probiotics (Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, and Clostridium butyricum) for 50 days. Compared with control group, supplementation with synbiotic significantly decreased feed to gain ratio during days 1–21, absolute and relative abdominal fat weight, and hepatic malondialdehyde concentration as well as plasma triglyceride concentration at 50 days of age. In addition, dietary supplemented with synbiotic had lower 24-h postmortem drip loss, cooking loss of breast muscle, whereas higher plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol level, 24-h postmortem redness, and pH of breast muscle. Dietary synbiotic supplement could promote growth performance, regulate lipid metabolism, and improve antioxidant capacity and meat quality in Partridge shank chickens.
Faktor - Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kegagalan Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Di Kabupaten Semarang

Latar Belakang : Indikator utama derajat kesehatan masyarakat adalah Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB). Menurut Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2007 salah satu penyebab pola kematian bayi di Indonesia yakni karena kurang dari satu dari tiga bayi usia dibawah enam bulan tidak mendapatkan manfaat dari ASI Eksklusif. Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kegagalan praktik pemberian ASI Eksklusif di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Ungaran, Kabupaten Semarang. Metode : Jenis penelitian merupakan studi observasional dengan rancangan desain crossectional. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan proporsional random sampling . Subyek penelitan yaitu 75 ibu menyusui yang memiliki bayi usia 6-7 bulan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Ungaran Barat, Kabupaten Semarang, yang meliputi wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Ungaran. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode wawancara. Hasil : Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kegagalan pemberian ASI Eksklusif adalah pengetahuan ibu (nilai p=0,000: RP=2,0: IK95%=1.43-3,00), sikap ibu (nilai p=0,016: RP=1,5: IK95% 1,26-1,78), dan dukungan keluarga (ibu atau ibu mertua) (nilai p=0,000: RP=2,6: IK95%=1,27-5,54). Namun, dukungan suami (nilai p=0.193: RP=1,2: IK95%=0,91-1,59), peran tenaga kesehatan (nilai p=0.171: RP=0,7: IK95%=0,60-1,02), dan status pekerjaan (nilai p=0.133: RP=1,2: IK95%=0,92-1,66) tidak memiliki hubungan terhadap kegagalan pemberian ASI Eksklusif di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Ungaran, Kabupaten Semarang. Kesimpulan : Hanya 21 ibu (28,0%) yang berhasil menyusui secara eksklusif, dan 54 ibu (72,0%) ibu gagal untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif kepada bayi. Faktor dukungan dari keluarga (ibu atau ibu mertua) merupakan faktor yang paling dominan dalam kegagalan pemberian ASI Eksklusif.
Synthesis of Pyridinium Pyrimidines C-Met Small Molecule Inhibitors

Cancer has gradually become a serious threat to human health, and molecular targeted therapy has largely broken through the shortcomings of traditional treatment methods. C-met has been found to be overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells, and inhibition of its signaling pathway can effectively inhibit the occurrence of cancer. To explore the structure-activity relationship of the pyridinium pyrimidine cmet small molecule inhibitors, we synthesized the final compound A.
Investigation of the Role of ABC Transporters in Pyrethroids Resistance in the Major Malaria Vector Anopheles coluzzii from Northern Nigeria

Resistance to currently available insecticides in the major malaria vectors like Anopheles coluzzii is seriously reducing the effectiveness of core vector control tools. Overexpression of ATP binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) has been implicated in insecticides resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus and An. gambiae. To identify the potential role of ABC transporters in pyrethroids resistance in this work, we use verapamil-a p-glycoprotein inhibitor in a synergist bioassay with pyrethroids on one An. coluzzii populations from northern Nigeria. Genomic DNA extraction and SINE 200 PCR established that the Anopheles s. l. from Auyo, Jigawa State was An. coluzzii. Pre-exposure to verapamil followed by Permethrin results in 0.12% knockdown after 1 hour exposure and 10.7% mortality after 24 hours, which was higher than that for permethrin alone, but not statistically significant. This bioassay result reveals that ABC transporters possibly do not contribute to the resistance.
Liposome as nanocarrier: Site targeted delivery in lung cancer

The phenomenal perceptive and study of how to handle the materials at molecular, macromolecular and atomic levels, possessing characteristics which are appreciably discriminated from the higher levels, is notorious as nanoscience. The applications of these technologies for cancer handling are drug delivery modifications and overpowering some drug delivery disorders[1]. One billionth of a meter (a nanometer) and this subatomic and atomic level, has the material features which are evidently distinctive from features of larger sized forms of the same materials. The innovative traits haunted by nanomaterials, though, renowned were for its mechanical, electrical, physical, magnetic, biological and chemical applications, presently, pharmaceutical purposes, mainly in drug delivery field, are getting a much more dedication[2]. Extensive research has been done for many eras in cancer mitigation using nanotechnology that is moving ahead quickly up to now. The pharmacokinetics individuality of many chemotherapeutic medications that are potentially functioning with less aqueous solubility, can be enhanced by nanocarriers predominantly. In this way the therapeutic effect of these products is being boosted. Hence, a multiplicity of drug delivery systems based on the biocompatible polymeric resources has been anticipated[3]. The most substantial research field for the pharmaceutical drugs management and development is targeted drug delivery system (TDDS). TDDS has the major role in drug delivery to the targeted tissues while comparative medication strength is reduced in other remaining tissues subsequent this. Consequently, leaving the neighboring tissues uninfluenced, the drug is mainly confined to the targeted area. The TDDS advantages, mainly include safe and welfare consignment and perfection in therapeutic catalog. A greater variety of quantitative advantages of TDDS for disease therapy are also explored[4]. The four most frequently identified cancers are prostate, breast, colorectal and lung cancers. Plentiful hostile effects of chemotherapeutic drugs are also pragmatic. Nanotechnology has a great exploitation in medical sciences as it is the escalating filed in medicine[5]. Cancer is one of the miscellaneous and heterogeneous diseases. Drug withstanding is the consequence of the synchronized practice of multiple drugs which is known as multidrug resistance (MDR) and it can be either intrinsic or acquired. Cancerous cells are being immune to typical therapy due to MDR with many anticancer mechanisms. Now it is the foremost routine in cancer medication to ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Brief Report of a Special Case Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia Caused by Adhesive Arachnoid

Summary Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is an uncommon disorder characterized by a severe lancinating pain commonly induced by swallowing. When the pain is resistant to medical management, surgical treatment such as microvascular decompression (MVD) or partial rhizotomy is performed. We report a case of glossopharyngeal neuralgia caused by adhesive arachnoid, in which pain disappeared solely by dissection of the peripheral arachnoid around the glossopharyngeal nerve.
A decade of hepatitis C at the University of Cape Town/Groote Schuur Hospital Liver Clinic, South Africa, in the pre-direct-acting antivirals era.

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in South Africa (SA) is incompletely characterised and understood. Epidemiological and clinical data will better inform our understanding and assist national policy decision-making. Against the background of more than two decades of clinical challenges in HCV management, the advent of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) now makes HCV elimination plausible. OBJECTIVES To better understand the base from which we come, we elected to review and characterise our HCV experience at Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH), Cape Town, SA, in the pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) management era. METHODS Patients with chronic HCV infection attending the GSH Liver Clinic from 2002 to 2014 were included in the analysis. Relevant data were extracted from a registry and existing clinical records were accessed. Two brands of Peg-IFN were available, and patients treated with the first-generation add-on protease inhibitor telaprevir were included. RESULTS A total of 238 patients were included in the analysis (median (interquartile range) 47 (37 - 58) years, 60.5% males). Males were significantly younger than females (43.5 (35 - 52) years v. 55 (42 - 64) years, respectively) (p<0.0001). The majority were white (55.9%) or of mixed ancestry (21.8%), 16.4% were HIV co-infected, 3.7% were hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected, and 1 patient (0.4%) was triple-infected with HCV, HBV and HIV. The most likely mode of HCV acquisition was blood or blood product exposure prior to 1992 (32.8%) and injecting drug use (17.6%), while 30.3% of patients had no clear risk factor identifiable. Genotypes (GTs) 1 - 5 were observed, with GT-1 (34.9%) predominating. Of patients who were biopsied (n=90), 30.0% had ≥F3 fibrosis, with 15.6% cirrhotic. With IL28B polymorphisms, the heterozygous CT (23.9%) and CC (15.5%) genotypes were most frequent. Of the patients, 32.6% accessed Peg-IFN/RBV-based therapy, 6.5% (n=5) with add-on telaprevir. GT-1 (35.1%) was most prevalent in the treatment group, followed by GT-3 (26.0%) and GT-5 (18.2%); 10.0% were HIV co-infected. The overall sustained virological response (SVR) rate was 75.3%, with 37.0% of GT-1 patients not achieving SVR. Of the patients treated, 49.4% experienced adverse events, including cytopenias (32.5%) and depression (15.6%), and 23.4% required cell support in the form of erythropoietin and/or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. CONCLUSIONS HCV patients in the Peg-IFN/RBV management era typified the epidemiology of HCV. GT distribution was pangenotypic, and treatment outcomes were encouraging despite treatment challenges. Patient selection, IL28B and sensible support of cytopenias probably accounted for these favourable outcomes. However, numbers treated were limited, and the DAA era of therapy allows for rapid expansion of therapy with now growing numbers of patients and a changing local epidemiology.
Top-K search scheme on encrypted data in cloud

A Secure and Effective Multi-keyword Ranked Search Scheme on Encrypted Cloud Data. Cloud computing is providing people a very good knowledge on all the popular and relevant domains which they need in their daily life. For this, all the people who act as Data Owners must possess some knowledge on Cloud should be provided with more information so that it will help them to make the cloud maintenance and administration easy. And most important concern these days is privacy. Some sensitive data exposed in the cloud these days have security issues. So, sensitive information ought to be encrypted earlier before making the data externalized for confidentiality, which makes some keyword-based information retrieval methods outdated. But this has some other problems like the usage of this information becomes difficult and also all the ancient algorithms developed for performing search on these data are not so efficient now because of the encryption done to help data from breaches. In this project, we try to investigate the multi- keyword top-k search problem for encryption against privacy breaks and to establish an economical and secure resolution to the present drawback. we have a tendency to construct a special tree-based index structure and style a random traversal formula, which makes even identical question to supply totally different visiting ways on the index, and may additionally maintain the accuracy of queries unchanged below stronger privacy. For this purpose, we take the help of vector area models and TFIDF. The KNN set of rules are used to develop this approach.
Quadriceps Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Interventions

xviii Chapter One: Introduction . 1 THE PROBLEM . 1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM . 6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY . 8 Chapter Two: Literature Review . 9 INTRODUCTION . 9 LITERATURE SEARCH . 9 THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF AMI . 10 SENSORY INNERVATION OF THE KNEE JOINT . 17 Group II afferents . 17 Ruffini endings . 18 Lamellar (Paciniform) corpuscles . 18
Loss of endogenous estrogen increases cardiac toxicity by doxorubicin

linked with age, sex, hormonal factors, and family history. The treatment of early breast cancer includes treating the disease locally with surgery, radiation therapy, or both and treating microscopic systemic disease with either one or a combination of chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, or biologic therapy. Doxorubicin is a well-known anthracycline antibiotic and antineoplastic drug usually administered to breast cancer patients. However, there have been some reports suggesting that doxorubicin causes side effects such as cardiotoxicity. Furthermore, breast cancer patients on doxorubicin treatment are commonly prescribed steroid suppression therapy. In addition, it has been previously reported that lack of estrogen elevates cardiotoxicity. In this study, we evaluated whether the steroid suppression therapy might influence the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin. We hypothesized that the presence of a steroid hormone, particularly estrogen, is closely related to doxorubicin action. To investigate the effect of estrogen, mice were divided into four groups: control group, doxorubicin-treated group, ovariectomized group, and ovariectomized plus doxorubicin-treated group. We observed upregulation of inflammatory cytokine gene and downregulation of apoptotic genes in the groups treated with doxorubicin, particularly in the ovariectomized plus doxorubicin-treated group. This suggests that administration of doxorubicin under a non-steroid condition can excessively damage the heart. In summary, combination treatment of hormonal and doxorubicin therapy for breast or many different types of cancer patients must be prescribed with requisite precautions.
Master thesis : Energy-based Multi-Modal Attention

A multi-modal neural network exploits information from different channels and in different terms (e.g., images, text, sounds, sensor measures) in the hope that the information carried by each mode is complementary, in order to improve the predictions the neural network. Nevertheless, in realistic situations, varying levels of perturbations can occur on the data of the modes, which may decrease the quality of the inference process. An additional difficulty is that these perturbations vary between the modes and on a per-sample basis. This work presents a solution to this problem. The three main contributions are described below. First, a novel attention module is designed, analysed and implemented. This attention module is constructed to help multi-modal networks handle modes with perturbations. Secondly, two new regularizers are developed to improve the generalization of the robustness gain on more intensive failing modes (relative to the training set). Lastly, a unified multi-modal attention module is presented, combining the main types of attention mechanisms in the deep learning literature with our module. We suggest that this unified module could be coupled with a prediction model to enable the latter face unexpected situations, and improve the extraction of the relevant information in the data.