Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tweeting to Feel Connected: A Model for Social Connectedness in Online Social Networks

Social connectedness is an indicator of the extent to which people can realize various network benefits and is therefore a source of social capital. Using the case of Twitter, a theoretical model of social connectedness based on the functional and structural characteristics of people's communication behavior within an online social network is developed and tested. The study investigates how social presence, social awareness, and social connectedness influence each other, and when and for whom the effects of social presence and social awareness are most strongly related to positive outcomes in social connectedness. Specifically, the study looks at the concurrent direct and moderating effect of two structural constructs characterizing people's online social network: network size and frequency of usage. The research model is tested using data (n = 121) collected from two sources: (a) an online survey of Twitter users and (b) their usage data collected directly from Twitter. Results indicate that social awareness, social presence, and usage frequency have a direct effect on social connectedness, whereas network size has a moderating effect. Social presence is found to partially mediate the relationship between social awareness and social connectedness. The findings of the analysis are used to outline design implications for online social networks from a human–computer interaction perspective.
Neurobehavioral Functioning, Substance Abuse, and Employment after Brain Injury: Implications for Vocational Rehabilitation

Objective: To characterize neurobehavioral and substance abuse problems distinguishing between employed and unemployed persons with brain injury and to propose relevant vocational rehabilitation interventions. Design: A quasi-experimental, fixed effects factorial design was used. T-tests were used to compare employed and unemployed persons regarding neurobehavioral factor scale scores. Chi-square analyses were used to compare alcohol use and rate of mental health treatment for the two groups. Fisher's Exact Test was used to compare drug use for the two groups. Setting: Outpatient rehabilitation clinic at a large urban medical center. Participants: Patients with traumatic brain injury who received acute medical care and inpatient rehabilitation at a level I trauma center. Patients were evaluated an average of 16 months after injury. The employed (33%) and unemployed (67%) groups were similar regarding age and chronicity, but unemployed persons had more severe injuries. Main Outcome Measures: Neurobehavioral Functioning Inventory (NFI), Quantity Frequency Variability Index (QFVT), General Health and History Questionnaire. Results: Unemployed persons reported a greater frequency of difficulties on the NFI Depression, Attention/Memory, Aggression, Communication, and Motor scales. The most common difficulties among unemployed persons related to mood, personality, and slowness. Also, more unemployed persons had received mental health services. A substantially higher proportion of employed persons were classified as moderate or heavy drinkers, whereas there were more abstainers among the unemployed group. A low rate of drug use was reported and differences between groups were not observed. Conclusions: The unique neurobehavioral difficulties of unemployed persons should be carefully considered when developing empirically based preplacement training, job matching, and postplacement interventions. The high rate of alcohol use among employed persons indicates the need for follow-along that emphasizes education and prevention.
Do People Really Experience Information Overload While Reading Online Reviews?

Online consumer reviews have become a substantial component of e-commerce and provide online shoppers with abundant information about products. However, previous studies provided mixed results about whether consumers experience information overload from such a vast volume of reviews. Thus, this study investigates how users perceive products depending on various numbers of reviews (from 0 to 3,000 reviews) and different review valences (generally positive, generally negative, and divided). Two crowdsourced studies with 1,783 participants were conducted. The study found no clear evidence to suggest that information overload increases as the number of reviews increases. Instead, the participants relied on a very limited number of reviews in making purchase decisions. In addition, it was observed that the review valence affected how the participants used different information sources from the interface. Based on the results, this article provides a set of interesting implications and design guidelines.
Which Tags Do We Remember in Personal Information Management?

ABSTRACT In recent years, as the amount of data grows, personal information management has become essential as well as challenging for everyday lives. Tagging, an alternative or complement to classifying into tree-structured directories, allows users to classify a single information item in multiple categories. Due to its flexibility, tagging system has become popular and a number of studies have been conducted. Most of the previous research investigated the quality of tags with various tools such as questionnaires. However, the actual usage behavior of tag-based browsing and retrieval of stored information has rarely been studied. In this study, we examined the effects of tag attributes on the user behavior in browsing self-tagged documents under personal information management settings. Three attributes, tag commonness, tag frequency and tag position, were identified. A controlled experiment with tasks of tagging and retrieval to trace users’ behavior revealed that the tags with higher tag commonness, higher tag frequency, and lower tag position were more likely to be used. The tags with lower tag commonness and lower tag frequency helped users recognize a desired document among a list of candidates. Among the three attributes, tag position was found the most influential. The findings of this study are expected to enhance the understanding of the quality tags and help information designers in building an effective tagging environment.
Análise imunocitoquímica do infiltrado inflamatório na miosite com corpos de inclusão citoplasmática e em outras doenças neuromusculares com vacúolos marginados

Among 1400 muscle biopsies, we found 16 cases with rimmed vacuoles whose diagnosis were sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM) (4 cases), juvenile spinal muscular atrophy (6 cases), distal myopathies (3 cases), limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (2 cases), and peripheral neuropathy (1 case). Monoclonal antibodies reactive for T lymphocytes and subsets, B lymphocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, immunoglobulins, and complement were used to analyze the inflammatory infiltrate. The analysis was quantitative and according to the site of accumulation (interstitial, endomysial, and perivascular). The immunocytochemical analysis showed CD8+ lymphocytes in the interstitial in most cases, occasionally inside of muscle fibers, and rarely in the perivascular region. The IBM cases had an increased number of CD8+ lymphocytes comparing with the other diseases. CD8+/CD4+ ratio was increased in IBM compared with the other diseases. Macrophages were frequent in IBM, distal myopathy, and one case of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. Natural killer cells were frequent at interstitial site in IBM but rare in the other diseases. Immunoglobulins and complement deposition were slightly more intense in IBM than in the other diseases. The case of peripheral neuropathy had no cells or immunoglobulins deposition. The increased number of CD8+ lymphocytes and the CD8+/CD4+ ratio help to distinguish IBM from other neuromuscular disorders with rimmed vacuoles.
An experimental evaluation of three touch screen strategies within a hypertext database

High resolution touch screens and novel usage strategies have overcome earlier problems with parallax and inaccurate pointing. A study testing the utility of three touch screen strategies within the Hyperties hypertext environment was performed. This provided a replication and extension of an earlier touch screen strategy comparison that focused on small closely‐spaced targets. The experiment compared three touch screen strategies in three experimental tasks that reflect hypertext usage. The results showed that a strategy that only uses the initial impact with the touch screen causes the user to miss the target more than other touch strategies. A statistically significant difference in errors was found. Our results should encourage system implementers and touch screen hardware designers to support “touch mouse” strategies that enable cursor dragging on the touch screen surface.
The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and N-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide With Functional Status in Patients With Heart Failure

Background: N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and depressive symptoms are each associated with functional status in patients with heart failure (HF), but their association together with functional status has not been examined. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether functional status scores differ as a function of depressive symptoms and NT-proBNP levels considered together. Methods: We studied 284 patients with HF who were divided into 4 groups based on the median split of NT-proBNP levels and cut point for depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory ≥ 14): (1) low NT-proBNP of 562.5 pg/mL or less without depressive symptoms, (2) low NT-proBNP of 562.5 pg/mL or less with depressive symptoms, (3) high NT-proBNP of greater than 562.5 pg/mL without depressive symptoms, and (4) high NT-proBNP of greater than 562.5 pg/mL with depressive symptoms. The Duke Activity Status Index was used to assess functional status. Results: Nonlinear regression demonstrated that patients without depressive symptoms were more than twice as likely to have higher (better) functional status scores than patients with depressive symptoms regardless of NT-proBNP levels after controlling for age, gender, prescribed antidepressants, and body mass index. Functional status levels of patients with low NT-proBNP did not differ from those with high NT-proBNP in the presence of depressive symptoms. Conclusion: When examined together, depressive symptoms rather than NT-proBNP levels predicted functional status. Clinical Implications: Adequate treatment of depressive symptoms may lead to better functional status regardless of HF severity.
Postural instability induced by virtual reality exposure: Development of a certification protocol

Exposure to virtual environments often causes users to experience symptoms of motion sickness. An accessory manifestation of motion sickness symptoms is postural disequilibrium. If the postural disequilibrium that occurs persists beyond the time an individual is within the confines of the laboratory or system site, user safety could be compromised and products liability issues could be forthcoming. In this study, a portable, automated postural assessment system is developed that can be employed before and after exposure to a virtual reality (VR) system in order to certify that a user's balance on exiting the system is at least demonstrably as good as it was on entering. It is argued that if the "coming out" balance performance is sufficiently poorer than the "going in" balance, then the user should be retained until the pretest balance performance is regained. The results from a set of normative and validation experiments on postural equilibrium identified several reliable measures of stance that could serve as a basis for certification. Furthermore, a new automated video-based measure using only head movement showed that performance over sessions is stable and reliable. The head movement changes that occur with stimuli, such as alcohol and simulator exposure, are well behaved, predictable, and significant even with small samples. The implication is that the proposed objective measure of postural stability, in conjunction with procedures for obtaining self-reports of symptoms, can afford some measure of certification that exposure to a given VR system is without harm.
Starting Young: Promoting a Healthy Lifestyle With Children

Data accumulated over the past 4 decades provide convincing evidence that confirms the associations between established risk factors, adverse health behaviors, and accelerated atherosclerotic and hypertensive processes in childhood and adolescence. Patterns of major lifestyle behaviors associated with cardiovascular disease are established early in childhood and influence risk factors for cardiovascular disease in childhood and adolescence as well as in adulthood. Within a life course ecological framework, this article summarizes the evidence for "starting young," identifies behaviors and contexts as targets for health-promoting lifestyle interventions, and addresses implications for individual and population-based practice, future research, and multilevel policies.
Sustainability and Scalability of the Hospital Elder Life Program at a Community Hospital

The Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP), an effective intervention to prevent delirium in older hospitalized adults, has been successfully replicated in a community teaching hospital as a quality improvement project. This article reports on successfully sustaining the program over 7 years and expanding its scale from one to six inpatient units at the same hospital. The program currently serves more than 7,000 older patients annually and is accepted as the standard of care throughout the hospital. Innovations that enhanced scalability and widespread implementation included ensuring dedicated staffing for the program, local adaptations to streamline protocols, continuous recruitment of volunteers, and more‐efficient data collection. Outcomes include a lower rate of incident delirium; shorter length of stay (LOS); greater satisfaction of patients, families, and nursing staff; and significantly lower costs for the hospital. The financial return of the program, estimated at more than $7.3 million per year during 2008, comprises cost savings from delirium prevention and revenue generated from freeing up hospital beds (shorter LOS of HELP patients with and without delirium). Delirium poses a major challenge for hospital quality of care, patient safety, Medicare no‐pay conditions, and costs of hospital care for older persons. Faced with rising numbers of elderly patients, hospitals can use HELP to improve the quality and cost‐effectiveness of care.
LANGUAGE CHANGE WITH AGING IN PELHAM GRENVILLE WODEHOUSE AND GEORGE BERNARD SHAW

of sarcopenia can only be considered in relation to other concepts such as frailty and the development of functional problems. It is not a single disease with a linear process; several ‘‘loops’’ create a cascade, with a negative spiral eventually leading to disability, dependence, and death. Some clinically relevant endpoints, such as falls, fractures, functional outcome, and patient-reported outcome, could also be viewed as surrogates for one another. Thus, the definition of surrogate markers in this setting is complex; some of the proposed outcomes may be regarded as clinically relevant outcomes or as surrogate markers for other outcomes, physical performance being a good example. Consideration of some outcomes in this article seems to be weighted toward administrative rules and regulatory requirements of the FDA. We believe that research examining the important mechanisms involved in the development of sarcopenia (in our definition, muscle mass, strength, and function) as treatment outcomes may be a sensible first step that may open the door in the future for more-complex intervention strategies using other relevant outcomes.
Quantum yield of P700^+ photodestruction in isolated photosystem I complexes of the cyanobacteriumArthrospira platensis

The photostability of P700 cation radical (P700^+) was studied by evaluating the quantum yields of P700^+ photodestruction in photosystem I (PSI) complexes of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis . The time courses of P700^+ photodestruction in PSI trimers and monomers have been measured in aerobic conditions under selective excitation of far-red absorption band of P700^+ by intense light of laser diodes. Long-term exposure of PSI complexes to 808 or 870 nm laser light caused destruction of P700^+ and antenna chlorophylls. The true integral quantum yield of P700^+ photodestruction calculated from these data was less than 0.7–1.4×10^-8. Illumination of PSI complexes by 650 nm light caused destruction of antenna chlorophylls with true quantum yield of about 6–7×10^-6 and damage of P700 with apparent quantum yield 2–3×10^-8. Preferential photodestruction of the long-wavelength antenna chlorophyll absorbing at 710 nm as compared with bulk chlorophylls was observed. About three orders of difference in magnitude between quantum yields of P700^+ and bulk chlorophyll photodestruction indicates that P700^+ is extremely photostable for functioning as an efficient quencher of singlet excitation energy in PSI.
Elemental composition of muscle at rest and potassium levels in muscle, plasma and sweat of horses exercising at 20°C and 35°C

In this study, 4 Standardbred geldings were exercised at 20 and 35 degrees C. The exercise test (ET) consisted of 2 exercise bouts separated by 2 h of rest in their boxes. Blood samples were taken before, during and after the second exercise bout and muscle (m. gluteus medius) biopsies were taken before the first exercise bout and after an intensive trot over 2600 m in the second exercise bout. The blood samples were analysed for plasma potassium and total plasma protein concentration (TPP) and the muscle fibres were analysed for elemental composition by x-ray microanalysis. The intracellular content was as follows: sodium (Na) = 40 +/- 7; magnesium (Mg) = 32 +/- 4; phosphorus (P) = 282 +/- 15; sulphur (S) = 222 +/- 13; chloride (Cl) = 119 +/- 31; potassium (K) = 304 +/- 21 and calcium (Ca) = 8 +/- 2 mmol/kg dry weight under resting conditions. Intracellular potassium content increased after exercise compared to resting values. There was a good correlation between exercise intensity, plasma potassium concentration and shifts in plasma volume, indicated by alterations in TPP. This probably reflects the very fast shift of potassium and fluid between muscle and plasma. Plasma potassium concentrations decreased below resting values post exercise. The higher dehydration degree and potassium sweat loss after exercise at 35 degrees C was not reflected in lower muscular potassium content, but by a lower plasma potassium/total plasma protein ratio after exercise, indicating less circulating potassium.
Real-time optical imaging and spectroscopy of brain ischemia and hemorrhage

Perinatal brain injury, a major cause of neurological morbidity in infants, might be prevented or ameliorated if the preceding cerebrovascular disturbances known to cause brain ischemia and hemorrhage could be detected and monitored. We used an ISS tissue oximeter (model 96208, 110 MHz modulated light at two NIR wavelengths) to detect and monitor the development of experimental brain ischemia and hemorrhage by frequency domain optical spectroscopy (8-source/1-detector probe) and CW imaging (16-source/2-detector probe) in nineteen instrumented and ventilated newborn piglets. Our study demonstrates: 1) the sensitivity of the ISS system to detect <0.04 mL of blood at a depth of 1-2 cm; 2) the specificity to distinguish subcortical, subarachnoid, and intraventricular hemorrhage; 3) the possibility of using the optically detected arterial pulse signal to differentiate injured from functional brain regions. In the case of subcortical hemorrhage, we observed that the measured cerebral pa increased linearly with the sectional area of the hematoma rather than with the volume of injected blood. A 1-min movie clip demonstrates the ability of the ISS system to perform the very fast (0.19 s per image) imaging of the developing brain ischemia and hemorrhage.
Volumetric modulated arc therapy versus 3D conformal radiotherapy for selected childhood neoplasms

Abstract Aim The comparative study of the plan quality between volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and 3D conformal therapy (3DCRT) for the treatment of selected representative childhood neoplasms was performed. Materials and methods During the year 2013, 44 children with neoplasms were irradiated using VMAT. The 3DCRT plans were created retrospectively and compared with the VMAT plans for four tumour locations. The conformity parameters, dose volume histograms for target volume and organs at risk, number of monitor units and time used to deliver the single fraction were evaluated and compared for each plan. Additionally, for patients with brain tumour the comparison of different arcs configuration was made. Results VMAT modality presented the superiority over older conformal methods with regard to the improvement in the dose conformity and normal tissue sparing. The noncoplanar arcs arrangement was beneficial in the decrease of high-dose volume and the protection of the organs at risk located oppositely to the target volume. Findings VMAT could be preferred technique for treating childhood neoplasms, especially when the complex-shaped target volume is localised close to the critical structures. The noncoplanar arcs arrangement could be the method of choice in the reirradiated patients and in these with laterally located brain tumours.
Psychiatric Manifestation of EAST Syndrome: Case Report and a Critical Assessment of Psychiatric Issues.

that fluctuated throughout the day. These symptoms differed from those exhibited previously and delirium was diagnosed. Laboratory work-up revealed no significant change in hematological and biochemical tests compared with the baseline. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed no hemorrhage or mass lesions. Paliperidonerelated delirium was suspected; therefore, paliperidone was canceled. Two days after discontinuation, the previous symptoms subsided. He subsequently received oral quetiapine (up to 62.5 mg/d) without further delirium-like symptoms.
Time of Occurrence of In‐Hospital Falls: A Systematic Mini Review

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