Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oral curcumin supplementation improves fine motor function in the middle-aged rhesus monkey

Abstract Aged individuals experience decreased fine motor function of the hand and digits, which could result, in part, from the chronic, systemic state of inflammation that occurs with aging. Recent research for treating age-related inflammation has focused on the effects of nutraceuticals that have anti-inflammatory properties. One particular dietary polyphenol, curcumin, the principal curcuminoid of the spice turmeric, has been shown to have significant anti-inflammatory effects and there is mounting evidence that curcumin may serve to reduce systemic inflammation. Therefore, it could be useful for alleviating age-related impairments in fine motor function. To test this hypothesis we assessed the efficacy of a dietary intervention with a commercially available optimized curcumin to ameliorate or delay the effects of aging on fine motor function of the hand of rhesus monkeys. We administered oral daily doses of curcumin or a control vehicle to 11 monkeys over a 14- to 18-month period in which they completed two rounds of fine motor function testing. The monkeys receiving curcumin were significantly faster at retrieving a food reward by round 2 of testing than monkeys receiving a control vehicle. Further, the monkeys receiving curcumin demonstrated a greater degree of improvement in performance on our fine motor task by round 2 of testing than monkeys receiving a control vehicle. These findings reveal that fine motor function of the hand and digits is improved in middle-aged monkeys receiving chronic daily administration of curcumin.
Ethical Issues Surrounding Limitation and Withdrawal of Support in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Death in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is most frequently associated with limiting or withdrawal of life-sustaining medical treatment (LSMT). The transition from cure to care occurs in stages with all parties needing to consider several ethical issues. This article reviews these issues, including the concept of futility, disproportionate burden, assent, and best interest while taking the reader through the shift in emphasis from cure to care. Physicians may also be concerned with issues such as active and passive euthanasia, the “Baby Doe” regulations, and the question of prognostic certainty. Communication can be maximized to facilitate decisions regarding LSMT. If conflicts arise there should be an established mechanism for conflict resolution that may include involving an ethics committee or, rarely, the judicial system. Once the decision has been made to remove LSMT the emphasis becomes comfort care. Palliative care and bereavement specialists can provide an invaluable service. Many families will inquire about organ donation at the time limitation or withdrawal of LSMT. In order to increase organ availability trained counselors need to talk to families, and institutions are evaluating non-heart-beating donor policies. Autopsies should be discussed with the family in order to inform them of the potential benefits and address any concerns. Two special topics regarding withdrawal of LSMT are child abuse and brain death. In the case of abuse, the discussion of limiting or withdrawing LSMT can be complicated by two factors: the apparent conflict of interest of the accused or convicted parent retaining guardianship, and the possibility of the defense lawyer arguing that the removal of LSMT was the cause of death. When a child is brain dead careful attention must be paid to language, for example, that “machines” are stopped rather than “life support. ”
What about a simple language? Analyzing the difficulties in learning to program

In this paper, we present the results from a two-part study. We analyze 60 programs written by novice programmers aged 16 – 19 after their first programming course, in either Java or Python. The aim is to find difficulties independent of the language used, and such originating from the language. Second, we analyze the transition from a “simple” language to a more “advanced” one, by following up on eight students, who learned programming in Python before moving on to Java. Our results suggest that a simple language gives rise to fewer syntax errors as well as logic errors. The qualitative part of our study did not reveal any disadvantages from having learned to program in a simple language when moving on to a more complex one. This suggests that not only can a simple language be used when introducing programming as a general skill, but also when providing basic skills to future professionals in the field.
A course in real-time embedded software

Embedded systems are increasingly pervasive, and the creation of reliable controlling software offers unique challenges. Embedded software must interact directly with hardware, it must respond to events in a time-critical fashion, and it typically employs concurrency to meet response time requirements. This paper describes an innovative course that gives students in-depth exposure to the challenges of writing reliable, time-critical, concurrent code. Students design and implement a real-time operating system (RTOS), and they write application code that uses the RTOS they construct. Code development and debugging take place in a simulation environment that offers visibility into the system and strictly repeatable execution while maintaining hardware compatibility. We describe the structure of the class, the custom tools used, and the laboratory sequence that results in a functional RTOS. We discuss the development of the class and its impact on our students.
INTRACRANIAL HYDRODYNAMICS: II. INFLUENCE OF RAPID DECOMPRESSION OF THE VENTRICULOSUBARACHNOID SPACES ON THE OCCURRENCE OF EDEMA OF THE BRAIN

In the initial article 1 of this series, we described our methods of investigating intracranial hydrodynamics in human cadavers under experimental conditions that rendered certain of our results applicable to the living. Two of our conclusions were: The lateral ventricles and the cisternal and lumbar subarachnoid spaces remained in free communication under all experimental variations in pressure, provided no distortion of the subtentorial structures was artificially produced. In the absence of such distortion there was no evidence of tentorial, medullary or cerebellar movement under any experimental variations in subarachnoid fluid pressure. Specifically, we could not produce descent of the cerebellum or medulla into the foramen magnum by hydrodynamic means alone, e.g., sudden release of high intracranial fluid pressure through rapid lumbar or cisternal tap. We were therefore unable to confirm the generally accepted importance of the mechanical factor in the etiology of cerebellar "herniation" and bulbar compression in cases in
Teaching a Course in Human-Computer Interaction

This article describes a graduate-level course entitled "Human-Computer Interaction. " The theme of the course was development of students' ability to be critical and creative, within the context of human-compute r interfaces. The aim throughout the course was to expose students to the vagaries of a real-world human-computer interface development environment since one learns design best by doing design. This was accomplished through a semester-long interface development project in which groups of students defined, specified, designed, prototyped, evaluated, and iteratively refined an interactive system with a significant human-computer interface. The purpose of the interface development project was to give students exposure to the complete process of interface development, not necessarily to develop a complete interface. Other assignments supplemented lecture materials. Student assessments of the course were very positive, indicating that, in particular, the development project was of great use in exposing them to all the phases involved in developing a quality human-computer interface. The course format and content presented here appear to be a viable model for teaching an effective and enjoyable course on human-compute r interaction.
Fatty acid synthase expression is strongly related to menopause in early-stage breast cancer patients

ObjectiveOverexpression of fatty acid synthase (FASN), the enzyme involved in the de novo synthesis of fatty acids, has been reported in several human carcinomas, including breast cancer, and has been related to poor prognosis. Our aim was to analyze the association of FASN tumor tissue expression with clinicopathological and anthropometrical features in early-stage breast cancer patients. MethodsWe prospectively studied 53 women with early-stage breast cancer who were treated with surgical operation and postoperative chemotherapy. ResultsMenopause status and age were strongly associated with higher levels of FASN tumor expression (P < 0.005 and P = 0.038, respectively). Body mass index and pathological stage were also related to FASN tumor expression. ConclusionsOur findings suggest that FASN could be a potential therapeutic target in postmenopausal breast cancer patients. However, further studies are needed.
Theorizing interprofessional pedagogic evaluation: framework for evaluating the impact of interprofessional continuing professional development on practice change

This study outlines the development of a conceptual framework to guide the evaluation of the impact of the pedagogy employed in continuing professional development for professionals in education, health and social care. The work is developed as part of the Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning: Interprofessional Learning across the Public Sector (CETL: IPPS) at the University of Southampton. The study briefly outlines the field for pedagogic research and comments on the underpinning theories that have so far been used to guide research into interprofessional learning (IPL). It maps out the development of interprofessional continuing professional development (CPD) in its specific context as part of the CETL: IPPS with its links to a local authority undergoing service reorganization and the role of the CPD in effecting change. It then brings together a theoretical framework with the potential to explore, explain and evaluate the essential features of the model of pedagogy used in interprofessional CPD, in which professionals from education have for the first time been included alongside those from health and social care. The framework draws upon elements of situated learning theory, activity theory and Dreier's work (2002, 1999) on trajectories of participation, particularly personal action potency. By combining the resulting analytic framework with an adapted version of an established evaluation model, a theoretically driven, practicable evaluation matrix is developed. The matrix has potential use in evaluating the impact of pedagogic input on practice change. The study models a process for developing a conceptual framework to steer pedagogic evaluation. Such a process and the resulting matrix may be of use to other researchers who are similarly developing pedagogic evaluation.
Predictors of HVOT Performance in Parkinson's Disease

Evidence suggests that the Hooper Visual Organization Test (HVOT) has naming and executive components that vary in size depending on neurological diagnosis. The current study used a sample of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) to demonstrate for the first time that an executive measure can be the best predictor of HVOT performance. Forty-eight nondemented and nondepressed individuals with idiopathic PD completed the HVOT and other measures of visuoperception, executive function, and visual confrontation naming. Despite average performance on all neuropsychological measures, an executive measure, time to complete Trail-Making Test Part B minus time to complete Part A, was clearly the best predictor of HVOT performance in a standard regression. The pattern of neurocognitive predictors is unlike that reported in healthy individuals and other patient samples. This finding suggests that the presence of a neuropathological process can alter neurocognitive correlates even when performance is intact, and supports the contention that executive function is paramount in the cognitive profile associated with PD.
The Hazards of Strict Reliance on Neuropsychological Tests

The overwhelming majority of neuropsychologists rely on standardized neuropsychological tests when they evaluate patients who have frontal-lobe damage as a result of a moderate or severe traumatic brain injury. Unfortunately, these tests were never designed to assess the neurobehavioral symptoms of these patients and are poor at doing this. Neuropsychologists typically spend relatively little time with brain-damaged patients because they often rely on questionnaires that are completed by the patient rather than take a comprehensive face-to-face clinical history and assistants who administer neuropsychological tests. The ecological validity of the neuropsychological tests that are administered to these patients is frequently ignored. As a consequence, neuropsychologists often base their predictions about whether these patients can work, return to school, or function independently in the community on the patient's quantitative test scores that were never designed for this purpose and have little ecological validity. Although patients with frontal-lobe damage may not show any cognitive deficits when they are administered standardized neuropsychological tests in an office setting, particularly when the anterior and ventral areas of their frontal lobes are damaged, they frequently exhibit cognitive difficulties, neurobehavioral symptoms, and executive dysfunction in unstructured real-world settings. Because standardized neuropsychological tests are generally poor at assessing these problems and symptoms, neuropsychologists may not be aware that a patient has these symptoms if they rely solely on their neuropsychological test results—particularly if they have never observed these patients function in real-world settings or interviewed the significant others of these patients.
Fieber und Entzündungsparameter im praktischen Alltag – wie viel Diagnostik ist nötig?

Fieber kommt durch eine Sollwertverstellung im hypothalamischen Regulationszentrum als Reaktion auf Infektionen, Entzundungen, Neoplasien und Immunreaktionen zustande. Die zur Zeit gelaufigen Entzundungsparameter erlauben nur beschrankt eine qualitative Aussage uber die zu Grunde liegende Fieberursache und haben ihre Bedeutung vielmehr in der Quantifizierung eines entzundlichen Geschehens. Unter Mitberucksichtigung der Anamnese, des Fieberverlaufes und des Entzundungsparametermusters konnen jedoch auch ohne ausfuhrliche diagnostische Masnahmen gewisse Ruckschlusse auf die beteiligten pathologischen Prozesse gezogen werden.
SOME RESULTS OF PATCH TESTS: A COMPILATION AND DISCUSSION OF CUTANEOUS REACTIONS TO ABOUT FIVE HUNDRED DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES, AS ELICITED BY OVER TEN THOUSAND TESTS IN APPROXIMATELY ONE THOUSAND PATIENTS

This paper presents a compilation of the results of patch tests made on 998 persons, who were subjected to a total of 10,198 patch tests with about 500 different substances. Before considering the results obtained, we believe it essential to discuss briefly the nature of the dermatologic material and the circumstances under which these tests were performed. It must first be emphasized that we shall not attempt to consider the merits of patch tests as a diagnostic measure; nor shall we enter into a discussion of the technic of their application, of the reading of results or of the indications for patch tests in general. 1 In agreement with the majority of observers, we are convinced of the value of patch tests as an aid to diagnosis, provided proper regard is given to their inherent limitations. Furthermore, it must be stated at the outset that this is not a report
Pregnancy and Alcohol Use: Evidence and Recommendations for Prenatal Care

Pregnancy alcohol consumption has been linked to poor birth outcomes and long-term developmental problems. Despite this, a significant number of women drink during pregnancy. Although most prenatal care providers are asking women about alcohol use, validated screening tools are infrequently employed. Research has demonstrated that currently available screening methods and intervention techniques are effective in identifying and reducing pregnancy drinking. Implementing universal screening and appropriate intervention for pregnancy alcohol use should be a priority for prenatal care providers, as these efforts could substantially improve pregnancy, birth, and longer term developmental outcomes for those affected.
Event Reporting: The Value of a Nonpunitive Approach

This article will discuss why patient safety has been so hard to achieve due to long standing beliefs that when errors occur individuals must be blamed or punished. It will offer suggestions as to how a culture of learning can be advanced by fostering a different approach to medical errors and how reporting systems and an analytic process that always identifies root causes of problems can help physicians reduce harm to patients and ultimately malpractice risk.
Life in the Shadow: Living With Cancer

This is a story of a personal war and its multiple battles. The author's six bouts with Hodgkin's disease end with his holding a tenuous victory. Now, to the reader, this is not giving away the ending; you just know that this warrior is going to win. There is a real chronicle of therapy here. The author can legitimately query whether he is the most-treated Hodgkin's patient there is. Seemingly, every therapy works, yet nothing succeeds. The intermittent victories and defeats ". every therapy works, yet nothing succeeds. " are woven in with the history of Hodgkin's disease and engaging anecdotes about famous victims and survivors. There is a clublike sense to much of this. The famous baseball player (Mickey Mantle) doesn't want to be a member, the famous Olympian (Jeff Blatnick) does, the famous television producer (Brandon Tartikoff) accepts "membership" only half the time but goes on to affect the cancer
Implementing the national invasive cervical cancer audit: a local perspective

Please cite this paper as: Moss E, Pearmain P, Askew S, Owen G, Reynolds T, Prabakar I, Douce G, Parkes J, Menon V, Todd R, Redman C. Implementing the national invasive cervical cancer audit: a local perspective. BJOG 2010;117:1411–1416.
ACCELERATION CAPACITY IN FUTSAL AND SOCCER PLAYERS

Introduction: Soccer and futsal present proper characteristics, with a complex variety of factors that can infl uence the performance. The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the acceleration capacity between soccer and futsal players. Materials and Methods: 37 volunteers (n=37), being 12 athletes from Minas Gerais state futsal team, and 25 soccer athletes of the youth category. For the analysis of the acceleration capacity, an photocell equipment with photoelectric sensor was used. The photocells were placed in the beginning of the sprint and 10m from it. The established level of signifi cance in this study was of p<0.05. Results: the results in the speed test of 10m indicated differences between the two groups, with better results for the futsal athletes. Discussion: the futsal players were faster than the soccer players. The result corroborates previous literature, when verifi ed that starts in high intensity happen more frequently in the futsal modality, in relation to the soccer modality.
Overt Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism During Pregnancy

The present manuscript provides a definition for, and evaluates the prevalence and maternal/fetal/child impact of, overt hyperthyroidism and overt hypothyroidism. The prevalence of overt hyperthyroidism is 0.5% and the prevalence of overt hyperthyroidism is 0.3%. Overt maternal hyperthyroidism is associated with heart failure, preeclampsia, preterm delivery, still birth, and neonatal mortality. Overt maternal hypothyroidism is associated with preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, cretinism, fetal deaths, and spontaneous abortion. A cost-effective analysis for screening and treating overt thyroid disease during pregnancy is warranted.
Effects of coffee and tea consumption on urinary incontinence in female twins

Please cite this paper as: Tettamanti G, Altman D, Pedersen N, Bellocco R, Milsom I, Iliadou A. Effects of coffee and tea consumption on urinary incontinence in female twins. BJOG 2011;118:806–813.
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: Treatment and Pediatric Outcomes

Recent rise in rates of opiate replacement therapy among pregnant women have resulted in increasing number of infants requiring treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Short-term and long-term developmental outcomes associated with prenatal opiate exposure are discussed, including symptoms and severity of NAS, and early cognitive and motor delays. Maternal and infant risk factors are discussed, and include patterns of maternal substance use during pregnancy, genetic risk, polysubstance exposure pharmacological treatment for NAS and breastfeeding. The importance of characterizing corollary environmental risk factors is also considered.
The role of individually targeted information to reduce anxiety before colposcopy: a randomised controlled trial

Please cite this paper as: de Bie R, Massuger L, Lenselink C, Derksen Y, Prins J, Bekkers R. The role of individually targeted information to reduce anxiety before colposcopy: a randomised controlled trial. BJOG 2011;118:945–950.
Role of Placental Nutrient Sensing in Developmental Programming

Altered maternal nutrition and metabolism, restricted utero-placental blood flow, and other perturbations in the maternal compartment may disturb critical periods of fetal development resulting in increased susceptibility to develop disease in childhood and adult life. In response to these perturbations, changes in placental structure and function occur, which influence the supply of nutrients, oxygen, and methyl donors and alter the secretion of hormones and other signaling molecules into the fetal circulation. Thus, the placenta plays a critical role in modulating maternal-fetal resource allocation, thereby affecting fetal growth and the long-term health of the offspring.
Current aspects of auxin biosynthesis in plants

Auxin is an important plant hormone essential for many aspects of plant growth and development. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the most studied auxin in plants, and its biosynthesis pathway has been investigated for over 70 years. Although the complete picture of auxin biosynthesis remains to be elucidated, remarkable progress has been made recently in understanding the mechanism of IAA biosynthesis. Genetic and biochemical studies demonstrate that IAA is mainly synthesized from l-tryptophan (Trp) via indole-3-pyruvate by two-step reactions in Arabidopsis. While IAA is also produced from Trp via indole-3-acetaldoxime in Arabidopsis, this pathway likely plays an auxiliary role in plants of the family Brassicaceae. Recent studies suggest that the Trp-independent pathway is not a major route for IAA biosynthesis, but they reveal an important role for a cytosolic indole synthase in this pathway. In this review, I summarize current views and future prospects of IAA biosynthesis research in plants. Graphical abstract Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the most important auxin in plants, is mainly synthesized from l-tryptophan via indole-3-pyruvate (IPA) by the TAA and YUC families in Arabidopsis.
Rediscovering Natural Resistant Starch-An Old Fiber With Modern Health Benefits

Natural resistant starch has been consumed from a variety of carbohydrate-containing foods for centuries. Due to the discovery of potential health benefits of resistant starch, it is now being incorporated into a growing array of commonly consumed foods. Added resistant starch in the diet can help consumers increase their fiber intake. Nutritional professionals should explore the potential health benefits of resistant starch and gather ways to help consumers increase their intake to more closely achieve the fiber goals of the Dietary Guidelines.