Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atividade inibidora de amilase e protease de milho contra Fusarium verticillioides durante a germinação

Fusarium verticillioides, patogeno primario do milho, destaca-se pela producao da fumonisina, prejudicial a saude humana e animal. Considerando que os mecanismos naturais de defesa sao ferramentas promissoras no controle de fitopatogenos, avaliou-se: a atividade dos inibidores de amilase e protease presente nos hibridos de milho AG 5011 e CD 307 durante a germinacao em câmara de germinacao (25oC e 90-95%UR) e em casa de vegetacao (sem controle de temperatura e umidade) contra amilase e protease de F. verticillioides. Paralelamente, avaliou-se a resistencia do milho a Sitophilus zeamais. A atividade inibitoria de enzimas avaliada nos tempos 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 e 168 h, aumentou durante a germinacao em ambos os hibridos, sendo que a atividade inibidora de amilase variou de 2,8 a 39,5 UIA/g, enquanto que a atividade inibidora de protease variou de 550,0 a 3633,9 UIP/g. Os maiores indices de atividade inibidora foram observados em câmara de germinacao, e em CD 307. O hibrido AG 5011 apresentou-se menos susceptivel a S. zeamais e tendeu a maior atividade inibidora de enzimas no tempo 0 h. Os resultados obtidos indicaram possivel desempenho de inibidores enzimaticos na germinacao na defesa do milho contra F. verticillioides e S. zeamais.
Experimental Induction of Blue-Sac Disease

Abstract Blue-sac disease, an abnormal condition of sac fry, has been recognized for nearly 90 years. At least 23 postulated causes have been advanced, but reports of consistently reproducible results have not been found in literature. Methods whereby blue-sac disease was induced at will are described. Closed-system incubation, whereby metabolic wastes accumulated, resulted in incidences of blue-sac disease roughly proportional to the period of holding and to ammonia concentrations which developed. Blue-sac disease was also induced by adding synthetic nitrogen compounds to water used for incubating eggs and fry.
Variation in feeding rate of the intertidal mudsnail Hydrobia ulvae in relation to the tidal cycle

Deposit feeding in the coastal epibenthic mudsnail Hydrobia ulvae, as estimated by egestion rate, varies in relation to the tidal cycle. In nature, feeding is maximal when the snails are covered by tidal water; after exposure, feeding reduces slightly but significantly whilst the sediment surface remains damp; and it is minor or ceases whilst the snails are buried in pits in the drying sediment. Within each of these three phases, however, egestion rate remains unchanged both in relation to phase duration, and with temperature over an ambient range of 18–30 °C (mean 24 °C). These findings form another example of disagreement between field and laboratory results on feeding in Hydrobia.
Photosynthesis, Light Acclimation of Photosynthesis and Chlorphyll Fluorescence of Lemon in Response to Water Stress and Shading

The combined effects of water and light on net photosynthesis (A) of rooted cuttings of lemon (Citrus limon L. Burm.f. Eureka) were investigated to determine if the effects of water stress and shading are interactive. Treatments investigated included sufficient water +full light (control), water stress + full light, sufficient water + shade and water stress + shade. Under ambient conditions, the main effects of water stress significantly decreased A, gs, and chlorophyll content. It increased Ci. Mean effects of shading decreased A and NPQ. It significantly increased Fm, and Fv/Fm. Water×light interactions were not significant for A, gs, Ci, chlorophyll content, Fo, FvFm, qP and NPQ. But they were significant for Fm, and Yield. Under controlled environment, the mean effects of water stress on A were as for ambient conditions, but the effects of shade were reversed. Water×light interactions significantly influenced A at irradiance of 50 and 300μmol m-2 s-1 but not at 600 μmol m-2 s-1. At 300 μmol m-2 s-1, shaded sufficiently watered plants had significantly higher A than plants grown under the other water×light combinations. Water stressed plants grown in full light were photoinhibited at 50-600μmol m-2 s-1. Water stress and shading effects on A are interactive if leaf environment is controlled.
Pollen movement to flowering canopies of pistillate individuals of three rain forest tree species in tropical Australia

This study measured the quantities of effective pollen vectors and their pollen loads arriving at the canopies of dioecious tropical rain forest trees in north-east Queensland. Population flowering synchrony, effective pollinator populations and pollen loads transferred between staminate and pistillate trees were compared among three insect-pollinated tree species. All three were visited by a wide range of insects, 75% of which (mostly 3–6 mm long) carried conspecific pollen. Fewer than 8% of individual insects were found to be carrying single-species pollen exclusively and none could be described as specialist pollen foragers. The introduced honeybee carried greater quantities of pollen than any native species but was not necessarily a reliable pollinator. The brief flowering periods in Neolitsea dealbata (3–4 weeks) and Litsea leefeana (4–5 weeks) populations were synchronized among individuals. Flowering in the Diospyros pentamera population extended over 15 weeks and most individuals were in flower for most of this period. Staminate trees began flowering earlier, produced more flowers and attracted relatively more insects than did pistillate trees, suggesting a density-dependent response of pollinators to flowering performance. Pollen was trapped in greater quantities on insects at staminate trees than at pistillate trees. Insect numbers increased at peak flowering periods and Diptera were the most abundant flower visitors. Anthophilous Coleoptera were more numerous at staminate than at pistillate trees in all three tree species populations. Larger quantities of pollen were mobilized during peak flowering times although the greatest quantities were transferred to pistillate canopies towards the end of the population flowering periods. Diptera carried pollen more often to pistillate N. dealbata and L. leefeana trees than did other groups whereas Coleoptera carried pollen more often to pistillate D. pentamera trees. The two contrasting flowering performances in the three tree species are discussed with reference to mechanisms that facilitate pollen transfer between staminate and pistillate trees.
Impact of global change and forest management on carbon sequestration in northern forested peatlands

Northern peatlands occupy approximately 4% of the global land surface and store about 30% of the global soil carbon (C). A compilation of C accumulation rates in northern peatlands indicated a long-term average rate of C accumulation of 24.1 g m2 year1. However, several studies have indicated that on a short-time scale and given the proper conditions, these ecosystems can exhibit very high rates of C accumulation (up to 425 g m2 year1). Peatland development is related to precipitation and temperature, and climate change is expected to have an important impact on the C balance of this ecosystem. Given the expected climate change, we suggest that most of the northern forested peatlands located in areas where precipitation is expected to increase (eastern Canada, Alaska, FSU, and Fennoscandia) will continue to act as a C sink in the future. In contrast, forested peatlands of western and central Canada, where precipitation is predicted to decrease, should have a reduction in their C sequestration rates an.
Does Teacher Certification Promote Work Motivation and Teacher Performance? A Lesson from Indonesia

Over the past decade, an increase in teacher performance covering various contexts may be noted. This study attempts to examine the role of teacher certification on teacher performance in Indonesia. In addition, this paper also provides work motivation and its impact on teacher performance. This study applied a quantitative research method using linear regression analysis. The research was conducted by observing the certified teachers at vocational high schools in East Java of Indonesia. The sample of this research was approximately 297 certified teachers at vocational high schools in East Java. In addition, the sample was determined using proportional random sampling. The data were gathered using questionnaires given to the respondents with five scales criteria. Furthermore, the data were analysed using linear regression analysis. The findings showed that teacher certification positively affects work motivation. Indeed, teacher certification also positively impacts teacher performance.
Modeling and Numerical Simulations of Active and Passive Forces Using Immersed Boundary Method

This thesis uses the Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) to simulate the movement of a human heart. The IBM was developed by Charles Peskin in the 70’s to solve Fluid-Structure Interaction models (FSI). The heart is embedded inside a fluid (blood) which moves according to the Navier-Stokes equation. The Navier-Stokes equation is solved by the Spectral Method. Forces on the heart muscle can be divided into two kinds: Active Force and Passive Force. Passive includes the effect of curvature (Peskin’s model), spring model, and the torsional spring (or beam) model. Active force is modeled by the 3-element Hill model, which was used in the 30’s to model skeletal muscle. We performed simulations with different combinations of these four forces. Numerical simulations are performed using MATLAB. We downloaded Peskin’s code from the Internet and modified the Force.m file to include the above four forces. This thesis only considers heart muscle movement in the organ (macroscopic) scale.
Aneuploid Variation of Chromosome Number in the Somatic Cells of Piper magnificum Trel.

Aneuploid variation of chromosome number in somatic cells at growing root tips of Piper magnificum Trel. , a South American Piper species of ornamental value is reported. Of the total 142 mitotic metaphase plates examined, about 62% of the cells were having normal chromosome number of 2n=26. The variations observed were 2n=22, 24, 25, 27, and 28 among which 2n=24 was the most frequent (27.46%) and others were in less than 5.0%. Higher frequency of the cells with 2n=24 is attributed as a reason for the dual chromosome numbers (2n=24 and 2n=26) reported for the species. The role of precocious segregation of chromosomes and lagging during anaphase in generating aneuploid variation of chromosomes is discussed. This is the first report of such variation in P. magnificum.
Reproduction, larval development and settlement of the intertidal serpulid polychaete Spirobranchus cariniferus

Serpulid polychaetes are often important components of marine communities, yet current knowledge of serpulid reproduction, development and settlement is largely based on the study of only a few species. This study examined whether spawning and sexual development of the mid-intertidal serpulid Spirobranchus cariniferus are typical of patterns observed in other serpulids, and also examined the effect of diet on larval development and identified cues that induce metamorphosis. Populations of S. cariniferus on the east and west coasts of New Zealand's North Island had an extended spawning season with a high proportion (75–100%) of individuals carrying ripe gametes at any given time from the late spring to early autumn, consistent with other serpulid species. However, contrary to proposed patterns of sexual development in serpulids, sex-ratios and average male and female body masses suggest S. cariniferus are not protandric hermaphrodites. A diet experiment revealed that larval growth was fastest when provided with a mixed diet of three algal species. Solutions of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine at a concentration of 10−4 M were potent inducers of metamorphosis in S. cariniferus larvae, revealing that competence is reached by 13–15 days after fertilization. When exposed to surfaces coated with conspecific tube or tissue homogenates, 6% of competent larvae settled and metamorphosed on surfaces coated with tube homogenate whereas none settled on tissue homogenate or in the controls, suggesting specific cues are required for settlement and the likely presence of a settlement cue in the tubes of adult worms, consistent with the highly gregarious distribution of the species.
ACTIVATION OF CH3OH AND CO2 BY METALLOPHTHALOCYANINE COMPLEXES: POTENTIAL ROUTE TO DIMETHYL CARBONATE

In this present work, the ability of metallophthalocyanines MnPc, FePc and CoPc to activate carbon dioxide and methanol was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy. The formation of a hemicarbonate moiety bonded to the central metal of the MPc was highlighted under mild (bubbling CO2, 20°C) as well as more drastic conditions (30 bar CO2, 140°C). Analysis by gas chromatography of the organic phase recovered after bubbling CO2 showed the presence of DMC.
Identifying Causes and Remedies of Workplace Procrastination in Pakistan

Background: The theme of current study is to identify the causes and remedies of workplace procrastination. Therefore, existing study put more efforts to identify the causes and remedies of workplace procrastination in Pakistan. One of the major problems being faced by the firms in Pakistan is workplace procrastination. This research attempts to find out the reasons which cause procrastination at workplace in public and private sector firms. Methodology: The sample size of 446 respondents has been used and among all 396 questionnaires have been filled from the employees of different companies around the Karachi. The 50 samples have been collected with the help of the personal interviews from these employees. Therefore, qualitative and quantitative both approaches are used here. Further, descriptive test, multicollinearity test and Pearson correlation test are employed for analysis purpose. Results: The major findings of this paper includes Lack of motivation, Poor time management, Prioritization of tasks, Inability to make decision quickly, Self-efficacy, Personal issues, Pressure during work. Time shortage, Focus on single work all the day long, Tiredness and Mismanagement. However, a number of remedies also find from the interviews with the top management. The remedies include the scheduling of tasks, arrangement of the tasks, rethinking and trainings.
SHOULD SUBURBS HELP THEIR CENTRAL CITY?

Should suburbs help finance the core public services of their central city? Previous arguments for such assistance have stressed spillovers from city services to suburban residents or the fact that suburban residents (should? ) care about their city’s poor. We explore the validity of a third possible argument for such assistance, one now stressed by many large city mayors. Suburban residents – even those who never use city services nor care about the city’s poor – may wish to support the city’s budget if that budget contributes to the productive efficiency of the city’s private economy and if suburban residents consume directly or indirectly the output of city firms. The analysis here presents first-difference regressions of city and suburban home values, city and suburban population, and city and suburban incomes for 217 MSA’s for the decade 1980-1990. We find that weak city fiscal institutions and increases in the rate of city poverty depress both the city’s and the suburb’s private economies. The econometric results are replicated in a general equilibrium model of an open MSA economy, calibrated to the Philadelphia MSA. Our results suggest each suburban family in an average MSA will find it in their economic self-interest to pay from $100 to $250 per year to their central cities to facilitate the reform of weak central city fiscal institutions. * Senior Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 33 Liberty Street, New York, NY. ** Miller-Sherrerd Professor of Finance and Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, and Research Associate, NBER, Cambridge, MA. Numerous have colleagues contributed to this research. Most importantly, Richard Voith generously shared his city and suburban data with us without which this project would not have been possible. We received detailed and very helpful suggestions for revisions from Bill Gale, Janet Pack, Todd Sinai, and Jake Vigdor as well as seminar participants at the American Economic Association, Brookings, Colorado, Duke, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the New School, and Wharton. We received very able research assistance from Silvia Ellis, A. J. Glusman, and Minsun Park. The results and conclusions summarized in this paper are solely those of the authors and do not reflect official opinions of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve System, or the NBER. For an important early analysis of this question for the United States, see Neenan (1970). 1 For a valuable overview of the current arguments for regional financing of city services, see Pack (2002), particularly Chapters 1 and 6. Acemoglu and Angrist (1999) find that the returns from education accrue almost 2 exclusively to the benefit of the individual student. Even if there were significant social returns in the form of higher wages for other workers, given the high mobility of U.S. workers, suburban residents today would be unlikely to benefit significantly from helping to educate children in their particular city. Similarly, there is no convincing evidence that increased city police protection offers 1 Should The Suburbs Help Their Central City?
Determining the Loyalty of Customers with Moderating Role of Service Quality: A Study on Thailand

Sakapas Saengchaia, Kittisak Jermsittiparsertb,c*, aFaculty of Humanities and Social Science, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand, bDepartment for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, cFaculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam * Corresponding author Email: kittisak.jermsittiparsert@tdtu.edu. vn, asakapas.sa@ssru.ac. th
Weak Solution of the Non-Perturbative Renormalization Group Equation Encountering the First Order Phase Transition

We propose quite a new method of analyzing the dynamical chiral symmetry breaking. Starting with the non-perturbative renormalization group equation for the Wilsonian fermion potential, we define the weak solution of it in order to mathematically authorize solutions with singularity. The weak solution successfully predicts the physically correct vacuum, chiral condensates, dynamical mass, through its auto-convexizing power for the effective potential. Thus it works perfectly even for the first order phase transition in the finite density NambuJona-Lasinio model.
CORRELATION BETWEEN TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND POLYPHENOLS CONTENT FOR SOME BEER TYPES

The aim of the present work was to determine the total antioxidant capacity and polyphenols content for 10 types of beer from Romanian market. Total antioxidant capacity was analyzed using two methods: FRAP and DPPH. Total polyphenols content was determinated using Folin Ciocalteu reagent. The highest FRAP and DPPH values were identified for Stejar type beer and the lower values for Bergenbier alcohol free beer. The polyphenols content is in good correlation with values obtained for total antioxidant capacity by FRAP and DPPH methods.
GazeLockPatterns: Comparing Authentication Using Gaze and Touch for Entering Lock Patterns

In this work, we present a comparison between Android’s lock patterns for mobile devices (TouchLockPatterns) and an implementation of lock patterns that uses gaze input (GazeLockPatterns). We report on results of a between subjects study (N=40) to show that for the same layout of authentication interface, people employ comparable strategies for pattern composition. We discuss the pros and cons of adapting lock patterns to gaze-based user interfaces. We conclude by opportunities for future work, such as using data collected during authentication for calibrating eye trackers.
Egocentric navigation is age-resistant: First direct behavioral evidence

A number of studies have documented that allocentric navigation skills deteriorate in older age. Indirect evidence suggests that egocentric navigation skills are less vulnerable to aging, but behavioral data supporting this view were not available yet. To close this gap in our knowledge, we designed two matching tasks, one for allocentric and one for egocentric navigation, and administered them to young and to older persons. In accordance with published behavioral data, we observed substantial age-related deficits in the allocentric task. In accordance with the available indirect evidence, we found only negligible age deficits in the egocentric task. Age deficits in the allocentric task were not associated with participants’ performance in tests of visuo-spatial cognition, or with self-assessed computer experience, everyday mobility and navigation skill. Our findings suggest that training intervention, aimed at improving older persons’ navigation skills, should focus on allocentric skills and eliminate possible egocentric workaround strategies.
Silica-based Arrayed-waveguide Gratings for the Visible Wavelength Range

We describe silica-based arrayed-waveguide gratings (AWGs) that operate in the visible wavelength range. By optimizing the waveguide parameters, we obtained a small propagation loss of 0.4 dB/cm in this wavelength range. We designed and fabricated an AWG with a rainbow-like output covering the range from 400 to 700 nm and an AWG with a narrow output wavelength spacing of 0.75 nm and a center wavelength of 700 nm. Both AWGs have excellent spectroscopic characteristics, proving that the application range of silica-based AWGs can be expanded. Silica-based Arrayed-waveguide Gratings for the Visible Wavelength Range † NTT Photonics Laboratories Atsugi-shi, 243-0198 Japan E-mail: kenya@aecl.ntt. co.jp Regular Papers
The Role of Accounting Measurement and Disclosure of Intellectual Capital in Rationalising Managerial Decisions

The accounting treatments for the measurement and disclosure of problems of intellectual capital controlled by contemporary economic units are considered the most important issues facing accountants. This research aims to find the appropriate accounting treatments to measure intellectual capital. The financial data of the General Company for Electronic Industries has been selected as a sample for the research. Various financial and non-financial measures of intellectual capital were considered. The research reached some important conclusions: many of the elements and components of intellectual capital are not treated with specific accounting entries. Thus, they are estimated in a rough and non-objective way. Moreover, an important part of intellectual capital is human capital that is not measured and determined easily.
The comparative study of the predatory behaviour of Myrmarachne, ant-like jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)

The predatory behaviour of 31 species of Myrmarachne, ant-like salticids, was studied in the laboratory and the field. The ant-like morphology and locomotion of these spiders appears to function primarily in Batesian mimicry. No evidence was found of Myrmarachne feeding on ants. However, predatory sequences were found to differ considerably from those typical of salticids. Instead of stalking and leaping on prey, Myrmarachne lunged at prey from close range. Myrmarachne used its legs I to tap prey before lunging, another unusual behaviour for a salticid. Myrmarachne fed on a wide range of arthropod prey in nature and the laboratory, but appears to be especially efficient at catching moths. Also, Myrmarachne tends to open up, or enter into, other spiders' nests and eat other spiders' eggs. Myrmarachne males were less efficient than females, in laboratory tests, at catching various types of arthropod prey, but they appear to be as efficient as females at oophagy. Myrmarachne tend to use webs of other spiders as nest sites, but no evidence was found of Myrmarachne preying on spiders in webs. It appears that the unusual features of Myrmarachne's predatory and nesting behaviour are important in enabling these spiders to preserve their ant-like appearance.