Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reasoning in Deluded Schizophrenic and Paranoid Patients: Biases in Performance on a Probabilistic Inference Task

An experiment is described in which deluded subjects with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or of delusional disorder (paranoia) were compared with a nondeluded psychiatric control group and a normal control group on a probabilistic inference task. Factors relevant to belief formation and maintenance were investigated. Deluded subjects requested less information before reaching a decision and were more ready to change their estimates of the likelihood of an event when confronted with potentially disconfirmatory information. No differences were found between the two diagnostic groups of deluded subjects. The results are discussed in light of prevailing theories of the importance of abnormal experience rather than reasoning biases in the formation and maintenance of delusional beliefs. It is suggested that a reasoning abnormality is involved, which may coexist with perceptual abnormalities.
Modulation de TREM-1 au cours du l'infarctus du myocarde

L’infarctus du myocarde reste aujourd’hui une pathologie frequente et grave, en depit des progres therapeutiques realises au cours des deux dernieres decennies. Une recherche fondamentale et clinique intense a permis de mieux apprehender le role crucial de la reponse immunitaire au cours de cette pathologie. La reponse inflammatoire post-ischemique est ambivalente puisque necessaire a la detersion de la zone infarcie et a la consolidation de la cicatrice cardiaque, mais egalement deletere car impliquee dans le remodelage ventriculaire et capable d’augmenter la taille de l’infarctus. TREM-1 est un recepteur amplificateur de la reponse immunitaire innee. Sa modulation pharmacologique par un peptide de synthese, LR12, permet de limiter l’amplitude de la reponse inflammatoire sans l’inhiber completement. A travers differents modeles experimentaux, nous avons pu montrer que la modulation de TREM-1 au cours de l’infarctus est benefique en termes de contractilite cardiaque, de taille d’infarctus et de remodelage ventriculaire. Le mecanisme d’action principal passe par les neutrophiles, dont l’infiltration au sein du myocarde infarci est nettement attenuee. TREM-1 apparait desormais comme une cible therapeutique prometteuse dans le combat contre l’infarctus et l’insuffisance cardiaque post-ischemique
Automatic recognition of attitudes in video blogs - prosodic and visual feature analysis

This paper reports a study of attitude manifestations in video blogs. We describe the manual annotation of speaker attitudes in a corpus of over 130 video blogs and present an analysis of prosodic and visual cues in relation to attitude states. We use machine learning techniques for the automatic prediction of attitudes from prosodic and visual features in video blogs and compare the performance of prosodic and visual feature sets
Persistent hypothyroidism in an infant receiving a soy formula: case report and review of the literature.

Soy-induced goiter was a well-known phenomenon before 1966, the back date used in many computerized literature databases.1-4 In the mid-1960s, iodine-supplemented infant soy formulas prepared from isolated soy protein were introduced by commercial manufacturers.5 Since then, there have not been any documented cases of soy formula-associated hypothyroidism. We present the case of a patient with congenital hypothyroidism who remained persistently hypothyroid while on a soy formula diet despite large doses of L-thyroxine (T4). This case made us reaware of the historical data on the effects of soy on thyroid function. It also realerted us to the thoughtful use of formula preparations and close dietary monitoring of hypothyroid infants.
La modélisation d’une unité générique de soins : une brique essentielle pour le système d’information et d’aide à la déecision de la supply chain du nouvel hôpital d’Estaing

Concevoir, configurer et piloter les activités logistiques et médicales centrées sur le patient d’un hôpital nécessitent la conception et l’implantation d’une suite d’applications logicielles de type ABS (Advanced Budgeting and Scheduling) qui integer l’ensemble des flux traversant la Supply Chain hospitalière. La démarche ASCI (Analyse, Spécification, Conception, Implémentation) est utilisée dans le cadre général de la conception de l’ABS d’un Nouvel Hôpital. Dans cet article, la demarche ASCI est enrichie d’une approche inductive en vue de modéliser une unité générique de soins qui est une brique essentielle pour la constitution du système d’information et d’aide à la décision de la Supply Chain Hospitalière.
Executive Functions of the Frontal Lobes: Psychometric Properties of a Self-Rating Scale

This study investigated the psychometric properties of a self-rating scale designed to test the executive functions of the frontal lobes. A set of 16 items was selected, based on face validity, from the 200-item Coolidge Axis II Inventory. Cronbach scale reliability for the new scale was . 72 on 1,223 purportedly normal participants. A factor analysis yielded a three-factor structure, Decision-making difficulties (8 items, 23% of the variance, scale reliability .77), Poor planning (4 items, 15% of the variance, scale reliability .63), and Task incompletion (6 items, 9% of the variance, scale reliability .66). A multivariate analysis of variance, performed on the over-all scale sum and the three subscales, between 17 closed head-injured patients and a matched control group was significant. The head-injured patients scored significantly higher on the over-all measure of executive dysfunction and higher on the decision-making difficulties subscale but not on the other two subscales.
The Wide World of Wide-area Measurement

The interest in phasor measurement technology has reached a peak in recent years, as the need for the best estimate of the power system's state is recognized to be a crucial element in improving its performance and its resilience in the face of catastrophic failures. In most countries installing the phasor measurement units (PMUs) and getting to know the PMU system behavior through continuous observations of system events has been the first step. All installations are reaching for a hierarchical wide-area measurement system (WAMS ) so that the measurements obtained from various substations on the system can be collected at central locations from which various monitoring, protection, and control applications can be developed. In this article, experts from several countries summarize their WAMS -related activities in some detail. The contributions here provide an account of the most advanced stages in WAMS development in major world economies.
Drowning in our success: institution-wide electronic mail messages

College and university computing support providers are discovering these days what Walt Kelly's Pogo character said many years ago: "We have met the enemy and he is US. " We who work in support of computing activities in higher education may have been overly successful in helping to integrate the use of computer technology into all facets of academic life as we must now work with the situations that are happening as a result of our communities embracing this technology.
Diurnal and Seasonal Variation of Isoprene Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Grey Poplar Leaves 1

Transcript levels of mRNA from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (PcDXR), isoprene synthase (PcISPS), and phytoene synthase (PcPSY) showed strong seasonal variations in leaves of Grey poplar (Populus 3 canescens [Aiton] Sm.). These changes were dependent on the developmental stage and were strongly correlated to temperature and light. The expression rates of the genes PcDXR and PcISPS were found to be significantly correlated to each other, whereas the expression of the PcPSY gene showed a different seasonal pattern. Protein concentration and enzyme activity of PcISPS showed distinct seasonal patterns peaking in late summer, whereas highest transcription levels of PcISPS were observed in early summer. Moreover, correlation between PcISPS protein concentration and enzyme activity changed, in particular in autumn, when PcISPS protein levels remained high while enzyme activity declined, indicating posttranslational modifications of the enzyme. The positive correlation between dimethylallyl diphosphate levels and PcISPS protein content was found to be consistent with the demonstrated synchronized regulation of PcDXR and PcISPS, suggesting that metabolic flux through the 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate pathway and isoprene emission capacity are closely intercoordinated. Transcript levels ofPcISPS showed strong diurnal variation with maximal values before midday in contrast toPcDXR, whose gene expression exhibited no clear intraday changes. During the course of a day, in vitro PcISPS activities did not change, whereas leaf dimethylallyl diphosphate levels and isoprene emission showed strong diurnal variations depending on actual temperature and light profiles on the respective day. These results illustrate that the regulation of isoprene biosynthesis in Grey poplar leaves seems to happen on transcriptional, posttranslational, and metabolic levels and is highly variable with respect to seasonal and diurnal changes in relation to temperature and light.
Generation and Characterization of Recombinant Influenza A (H1N1) Viruses Harboring Amantadine Resistance Mutations

ABSTRACT The emergence of resistance to amantadine in influenza A viruses has been shown to occur rapidly during treatment as a result of single-amino-acid substitutions at position 26, 27, 30, 31, or 34 within the transmembrane domain of the matrix-(M)-2 protein. In this study, reverse genetics was used to generate and characterize recombinant influenza A (H1N1) viruses harboring L26F, V27A, A30T, S31N, G34E, and V27A/S31N mutations in the M2 gene. In plaque reduction assays, all mutations conferred amantadine resistance, with drug concentrations resulting in reduction of plaque number by 50% (IC50s) 154- to 3,300-fold higher than those seen for the wild type (WT). M2 mutants had no impairment in their replicative capacities in vitro on the basis of plaque size and replication kinetics experiments. In addition, all mutants were at least as virulent as the WT in experimentally infected mice, with the highest mortality rate being obtained with the recombinant harboring a double V27A/S31N mutation. These findings could help explain the frequent emergence and transmission of amantadine-resistant influenza viruses during antiviral pressure in the clinical setting.
Spatial and Temporal Variations of the Rainy Season over Indonesia and their Link to ENSO

Regional and interannual variations of the rainy season over Indonesia are investigated using daily rainfall data during 1961-90. Pentad-mean rainfall data, with a relatively better continuity have been obtained for 46 stations, and the annual and semi-annual cycles of rainfall at these stations have been objectively analyzed by harmonic analysis. The onset of southern-hemispheric spring/summer (SON/ DJF) rainy season starts from the Indian Ocean side of Jawa in the middle September, and propagates northward (in Jawa) and eastward (to Nusa Tenggara in middle December). Another route of rainy sea-son propagation from Irian Jaya to Nusa Tenggara is observed. The withdrawal of the rainy season starts from western Nusa Tenggara in March, and goes eastward (to eastern Nusa Tenggara), and westward (to Jawa), until late May. Rainy season onset comes later (earlier) in El Nino (La Nina) years than the average at most stations (particularly in the south-eastern part of Jawa). Correlations between rainfall amounts at those stations, and the southern oscillation index in SON, are significantly high. However, the rainfall amount throughout a rainy season is not dependent upon the length of the rainy season (between onset and withdrawal) in many areas (except southern Sulawesi). The dominant time scale of interannual variations of rainy season onset during 1961-90 is 2-3 years, which looks somewhat shorter than that during 1910-41.
End‐tidal Sevoflurane Concentration for Tracheal Intubation and Minimum Alveolar Concentration in Pediatric Patients

BackgroundSevoflurane is a new inhalational anesthetic agent having low solubility in blood and a relatively nonpungent odor. As such it should be useful as an inhalation induction in pediatric patients. The objectives of the study were to determine both the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) and the concentration required for tracheal intubation (MACEL) of sevoflurane in pediatric patients. MethodsThe study group consisted of 36 ASA physical status 1 elective surgical patients, aged 1–9 yr. MACEl determination: After establishing and maintaining the end-tidal concentration for 15 min, tracheal intubation was attempted with an uncuffed tracheal tube without neuromuscular relaxants or other adjuvants. Each concentration at which tracheal intubation was attempted was predetermined according to the up-and-down method (with 0.5% as a step size). MAC determination: The patients examined were the same as those for MACEl determination except that for the exclusion of those to whom neuromuscular relaxants or other adjuvants drugs were administered. End-tidal sevoflurane concentration was determined according to the up-and-down method (with 0.5% as a step size) and held constant for at least 15 min before a skin incision. Result:MACEL of sevoflurane was 2.69% (95% fiducial limits: 2.23% and 3.37%); MAC of sevoflurane was 2.03% (95% fiducial limits: 1.51% and 2.53%); and the MACEL/MAC ratio was 1.33. ConclusionSevoflurane appears to be suitable for use in pediatric patients as an induction agent, permitting tracheal intubation without neuromuscular relaxants.
Combined radiology and cytology in the diagnosis of bone lesions–a review of 399 cases

Most patients with symptoms from the locomotor system undergo radiological examination, among which a minority is found to have a lesion arousing the suspicion of neoplasia. The diagnosis of primary bone tumors is generally perceived as difficult. A main reason is the low incidence making it difficult to gain wide diagnostic experience. Basically, this can only be attained at referral centers. However, even for specialists the diagnosis of bone lesions may pose considerable difficulties because of highly variable macroand microfeatures (Figure 1). Hence, it is important to collect data from different diagnostic modalities while considering also age, clinical history and clinical findings. Most importantly, the diagnostic approach should entail both a macroand a microcharacterization. Over the last years, core needle biopsy and fine needle aspiration have gradually gained acceptance as a diagnostic alternative to open biopsy to circumvent associated inconveniences and risks (Hajdu 1971, Tehranzadeh et al. 1983, El-Khoury Combined radiology and cytology in the diagnosis of bone lesions—a review of 399 cases
A new instrument for pain assessment in the immediate postoperative period *

Perceptual‐cognitive impairment after general anaesthesia may affect the ability to reliably report pain severity with the standard visual analog scale (VAS). To minimise these limitations, we developed ‘PAULA the PAIN‐METER®’ (PAULA): it has five coloured emoticon faces on the forefront, it is twice as long as a standard VAS scale, and patients use a slider to mark their pain experience. Forty‐eight postoperative patients rated descriptive pain terms on PAULA and on a standard VAS immediately after admission and before discharge from the postanaesthesia care unit. Visual acuity was determined before both assessments. The values obtained with PAULA showed less variance than those obtained with the standard VAS, even at the first assessment, where only 23% of the patients had regained their visual acuity. Furthermore, the deviations of the absolute VAS values in individual patients for each descriptive pain term were significantly smaller with PAULA than with the standard VAS.
Plant cyclotides: A unique family of cyclic and knotted proteins that defines the cyclic cystine knot structural motif.

Several macrocyclic peptides ( approximately 30 amino acids), with diverse biological activities, have been isolated from the Rubiaceae and Violaceae plant families over recent years. We have significantly expanded the range of known macrocyclic peptides with the discovery of 16 novel peptides from extracts of Viola hederaceae, Viola odorata and Oldenlandia affinis. The Viola plants had not previously been examined for these peptides and thus represent novel species in which these unusual macrocyclic peptides are produced. Further, we have determined the three-dimensional structure of one of these novel peptides, cycloviolacin O1, using (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The structure consists of a distorted triple-stranded beta-sheet and a cystine-knot arrangement of the disulfide bonds. This structure is similar to kalata B1 and circulin A, the only two macrocyclic peptides for which a structure was available, suggesting that despite the sequence variation throughout the peptides they form a family in which the overall fold is conserved. We refer to these peptides as the cyclotide family and their embedded topology as the cyclic cystine knot (CCK) motif. The unique cyclic and knotted nature of these molecules makes them a fascinating example of topologically complex proteins. Examination of the sequences reveals they can be separated into two subfamilies, one of which tends to contain a larger number of positively charged residues and has a bracelet-like circularization of the backbone. The second subfamily contains a backbone twist due to a cis-Pro peptide bond and may conceptually be regarded as a molecular Moebius strip. Here we define the structural features of the two apparent subfamilies of the CCK peptides which may be significant for the likely defense related role of these peptides within plants.
Effect of a zinc L-carnosine compound on acid-induced injury in canine gastric mucosa ex vivo.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether a zinc L-carnosine compound used for treatment of suspected gastric ulcers in dogs ameliorates acid-induced injury in canine gastric mucosa. SAMPLE Gastric mucosa from 6 healthy dogs. PROCEDURES Mucosa from the gastric antrum was harvested from 6 unadoptable shelter dogs immediately after euthanasia and mounted on Ussing chambers. The tissues were equilibrated for 30 minutes in neutral Ringer's solution prior to incubation with acidic Ringer's solution (HCl plus Ringer's solution [final pH, 1.5 to 2.5]), acidic Ringer's solution plus zinc L-carnosine compound, or zinc L-carnosine compound alone. Tissues were maintained for 180 minutes in Ussing chambers, during which permeability was assessed by measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance. After the 180-minute treatment period, tissues were removed from Ussing chambers and labeled with immunofluorescent anti-active caspase-3 antibody as an indicator of apoptosis. RESULTS Permeability of the gastric mucosa was significantly increased in a time-dependent manner by addition of HCl, whereas control tissues maintained viability for the study period. Change in permeability was detected within the first 15 minutes after acid application and progressed over the subsequent 150 minutes. The zinc L-carnosine compound had no significant effect on this increase in permeability. Apoptosis was evident in acid-treated tissues but not in control tissues. The zinc L-carnosine compound did not protect against development of apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Addition of HCl caused a dose-dependent increase in gastric permeability over time and apparent induction of apoptosis as determined on the basis of immunofluorescence. However, there was no significant protective effect of a zinc L-carnosine compound. Nonetheless, results suggested the utility of this method for further studies of canine gastric injury.
An Immersive Virtual Environment for Phantom Limb Pain Rehabilitation

: Phantom Limb Pain is a debilitating condition that affects a signiﬁcant percentage of patients after loss of an arm or leg. These patients experience chronic pain and other unpleasant sensations in the missing limb, and the pain resists treatment. Previous research has demonstrated that pain levels can be reduced in some patients when they are immersed in a virtual environment that presents a 3D computer graphics visualisation of their missing limb, the movements of which are controlled by sensors attached to the remaining limb. In this paper we describe a novel approach to the implementation of such a system, using the Kinect game device for limb motion tracking, in conjunction with wireless motion sensors worn by the patient. We present some preliminary, but very encouraging, results based on an informal trial with a patient.
Efficiency of Attentional Components in Elderly with Mild Neurocognitive Disorders Shown by the Attention Network Test

Aims: Complex attention, serving as a main diagnostic item of mild neurocognitive disorders (NCD), has been reported to be susceptible to pathological ageing. This study aimed to evaluate the attention network functions in older adults with subtypes of NCD. Methods: 36 adults with NCD due to Alzheimer's disease (NCD-AD), 31 adults with NCD due to vascular disease (NCD-vascular) and 137 healthy controls were recruited. Attention Network Test (ANT) was conducted to assess the efficiency of alerting, orienting and executive control. Results: Significant between-group differences were found in executive control (conventional score: F = 11.472, p < 0.001; ratio score: F = 8.430, p < 0.001) and processing speed (F = 4.958, p = 0.008). NCD subgroups demonstrated poorer performance on the ANT, particularly on executive control (healthy 59.9 ± 45.9, NCD-vascular 88.9 ± 44.8, NCD-AD 97.0 ± 53.9). Moreover, the NCD-AD group showed both less efficient executive control and prominent slowing processing speed (reaction time: healthy 687.5 ± 106.0 ms, NCD-vascular 685.3 ± 97.1 ms, NCD-AD 750.6 ± 132.6 ms). Conclusions: The NCD-vascular group appeared to be less efficient in executive control, while the NCD-AD group demonstrated less effective executive control and also slower processing speed. These results suggest that the characterized performance of ANT, processing speed and executive control in particular, might help differentiate adults at risk of different forms of cognitive impairment.
Residual and oscillator phase noise in GaAs metamorphic HEMTs

Residual phase noise measurements have been carried out on GaAs metamorphic high electron mobility transistors, mHEMT in order to explain phase noise results from mHEMT based VCOs. Noise is measured for several biases and input powers. The measurements show that the residual phase noise is increasing with increasing drain source voltages even in saturation, possibly due to the triggering of impact ionization mechanisms. This increase in noise will act deleterious on the phase noise performance of a VCO that have the drain bias increased in order to achieve higher power in the tank and thus reduce the phase noise. The reduction in phase noise due to higher power in the tank is shown to be counteracted by the increase in residual phase noise from the mHEMTs for higher drain source voltages.