Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does lung transplantation prolong life? A comparison of survival with and without transplantation.

BACKGROUND Because of the assumed beneficial effect of lung transplantation on survival, controlled trials to assess the therapeutic benefit of lung transplantation are considered to be unethical. Therefore other methods must be used to provide control data. In this study the effect of lung transplantation on survival for patients with end-stage pulmonary disease was analyzed, with waiting list survival rates used as control data. METHODS The analysis was based on 157 consecutive patients who were put on the waiting list of the Dutch lung transplantation program during the period November 1990 to January 31, 1996, of whom 76 underwent transplantation. Following the principles of control group estimation as set out in the context of heart transplantation, a stepwise approach was used to arrive at a multivariate time-dependent Cox regression model. The following prognostic variables were included in the analyses: age, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, partial pressure of oxygen, and diagnosis. RESULTS The 1- and 2-year waiting list survival rates were 78% and 58%, respectively. The 1- and 2-year transplantation survival rates (i.e., survival from placement on the waiting list, including posttransplantation survival) were 79% and 64%, respectively. The multivariate time-dependent Cox analysis showed that lung transplantation reduced the risk of dying by 55% (95% confidence interval, 3% to 79%). For patients with emphysema the risk of dying was estimated to be 77% lower than for patients with other diagnoses (96% confidence interval, 50% to 89%). CONCLUSIONS With Cox regression, adjusting for age, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, partial pressure of oxygen, and diagnosis, lung transplantation showed a statistically significant effect on survival in selected patients with end-stage pulmonary disease.
Single-PA-feedback digital predistortion for beamforming MIMO transmitter

In this paper, a simplified method of digital predistortion (DPD) based on the feedback for single power amplifier (PA) is proposed to linearize beamforming Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmitter. In MIMO beamforming transmitter, a couple of radio frequency (RF) channels are paralleled to transmit signals simultaneously, it is almost impractical to perform linearization for each channel individually. The proposed method can not only achieve good linearization effect, but also greatly simplifies the system structure. A simple MIMO system with 2×4 beamformer is constructed to evaluate the proposed method. The experiment is based on two Long Term Evolution (LTE) signals with different bandwidth and peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) operating at 2.12 GHz and 2.18 GHz, respectively. With a two dimensional memory polynomials (2-D-MP) model, the nonlinearity of the transmitter is compensated, and the adjacent channels power ratio (ACPR) can reach lower than -45dBc, which has been compressed 9-21 dB in the results.
Activation of NF- (cid:2) B by the Latent vFLIP Gene of Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Is Required for the Spindle Shape of Virus-Infected Endothelial Cells and Contributes to Their Proinﬂammatory Phenotype

Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is an inﬂammatory angioproliferative lesion induced by the infection of endothelial cells with the KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Infected endothelial cells assume an elongated (spindle) shape that is one of the histologic signatures of KS. In vitro, latent viral infection of primary endothelial cells (but no other cell type) strikingly recapitulates these morphological ﬁndings. Here we report that the spindling phenotype involves major rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton and can be attributed to the expression of a single viral protein, vFLIP, a known activator of NF- (cid:1) B. Consistent with this, the inhibition of NF- (cid:1) B activation blocks vFLIP-induced spindling in cultured endothelial cells. vFLIP expression in spindle cells also induces the production of a variety of proinﬂammatory cytokines and cell surface adhesion proteins that likely contribute to the inﬂammatory component of KS lesions.
Recovery of Herpes Simplex Virus from Rabbit Brain Nine Months After Inoculation.∗

Summary 1. An infectious agent was recovered from the central nervous system of a rabbit which had been inoculated 9 months previously with Herpes simplex virus and which had suffered 3 acute relapses of the disease. The virus recovered exhibited characteristics identical with those of the original virus. 2. A second instance of virus recovery 4 months after inoculation is reported.
The combination of rituximab, bendamustine, and cytarabine for heavily pretreated relapsed/refractory cytogenetically high‐risk patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Treatment of patients with B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) relapsed/refractory (R/R) to conventional treatments is particularly challenging. The combination of bendamustine and cytarabine has demonstrated distinct and synergistic mechanisms of action in preclinical studies on cell lines and primary tumor cells of several B‐cell lymphomas, including 17p deleted or TP53 mutated CLL. The efficacy of rituximab (375 mg/m2, Day 1), plus bendamustine (70 mg/m2, days 1–2), and cytarabine (800 mg/m2, Day 1–3; R‐BAC), every 28 days for up to four courses, was evaluated in a pilot trial enrolling 13 patients with very selected high‐risk R/R CLL. All patients (median age 60 years, range 53–74) had symptomatic Binet stage B or C active disease requiring treatment, were characterized by adverse cytogenetics (17p deletion, 11q deletion, or both), unmutated immunoglobulin heavy‐chain variable region, and were heavily pretreated (1–5, median three previous lines). Overall, R‐BAC was well tolerated with limited non‐hematological toxicity. Major toxicities were transient Grade 3/4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in 84% and 85% of patients, respectively. Overall response rate (OR) was 84%, including complete and partial response in 38% and 46% of patients, respectively. Patients with 17p deletion had an OR of 78%. After a median follow‐up of 17 months, median progression‐free survival was 16 months while median overall survival (OS) was not reached (1‐year OS: 75 ± 13%). R‐BAC is an active regimen in R/R heavily pretreated high‐risk patients with CLL, representing an option for the treatment of patients that are usually refractory to standard therapy. Am. J. Hematol. 88:289–293, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An 8-Bit 0.333 – 2 GS/s Con¯gurable Time-Interleaved SAR ADC in 65-nm CMOS ¤

This paper presents an 8-bit con¯gurable time-interleaved (TI) successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). By using a mode selection circuit, four modes of sampling rate are provided: Single channel at 333.3MS/s, 2-channel at 666.7MS/s, 3-channel at 1GS/s and 6-channel at 2GS/s. An on-chip delay-locked loop (DLL) uniformly generates six-phase clock with 20% duty cycle, and the timing errors are reduced to a tolerable range. In low sampling rate modes, the corresponding sampling switches and comparators in the idle sub-ADCs are shut down to save power consumption. Based on the 65-nm CMOS technology, the post-layout simulation results show that at 1.2V supply, the proposed ADC consumes 8.6, 10.9, 13.1 and 19.9mW under di®erent modes. With an ENOB of 7.92, 7.34, 7.01 and 6.37 bit, this results in a FOM of 106.6, 100.9, 101.6 and 120.3 fJ/conversion-step respectively.
Robot Control Using Natural Instructions Via Visual and Tactile Sensations

Stress-free interaction between humans and robots is necessary to support humans in daily life. In order to achieve this, we anticipate the development of new robots equipped with tactile and vision sensors for receiving human instructions. In this article, we focus on spontaneous movements that do not require training, such as pointing and force adjustment and that are suitable for daily care. These movements, which we call natural instructions, involve the transmission of human instructions to robots. In this experiment, we examine a robot equipped with vision and tactile sensors capable of receiving natural instructions. Our new robot accomplishes a retrieving and passing task using the natural instructions of finger pointing and tapping with the palm.
KAAD: a support system for architectural design

KAAD is a support system for architectural design. It is based on a new methodology that makes it a real and effective support for the design activity. This is seen as the process leading to the definition of a physical form, where a predefined set of required functions could be accomplished. KAAD relies on a knowledge base of architectural objects that support both the generation and verification of design solutions. It is implemented in a simple frame-based language that has turned our to be very well suited for the purposes of the system. <<ETX>>
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and resistance genes in Campylobacter strains isolated from poultry and pigs in Australia

To evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic profiles of Campylobacter spp. from poultry faecal samples from free range or intensively raised meat chickens and free range egg layers. In addition, a case‐comparison study of antibiotic resistance genes from different groups of poultry and some pig strains previously collected was carried out.
Characterization of the post-prandial insulinemic response and low glycaemic index of a soy beverage

Soybean is recognized as rich source of bioactive compounds for the improvement of glucose homeostasis. However, the post-prandial mechanisms of action have not been extensively described. The aim of this study is to determine the changes in glucose homeostasis and related factors after acute intake of a soy beverage. Twenty-nine subjects (15 women and 14 men, with an average age of 19.5 ± 1.2) ingested 500 mL of water, glucose (20.5 g/500 mL) and soy beverage (20 g of carbohydrate) in three separate sessions. Capillary blood glucose was monitored every 15 min until 120 min post-prandial, and blood samples were collected at baseline and after 60 min for insulin, incretin, free amino acids, antioxidant capacity and inflammation marker analysis. The increase in capillary glucose after soy-beverage intake was negligible. This is explained in part by an increase in 83% in insulin levels than induced with glucose alone, which is mainly mediated by a low insulin degradation ratio (determined by c-peptide ratio), incretins and likely also by the modulation of the antioxidant environment. No associations were observed between the insulin levels and soy amino acid uptake. It could be concluded that the acute low glycaemic response of a soy beverage may involves a relationship between incretin and insulin secretion and insulin degradation.
Serum transferrin receptor levels in anaemic patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The value of s-Transferrin Receptor (s-TfR) measurements in recognizing simultaneous iron deficiency in anaemia of chronic disease was examined in 35 anaemic patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Based on a quantification of stainable bone marrow (marrow iron grade 0-4) and serum ferritin concentrations (levels < 60 micrograms l-1) compatible with iron deficiency) the anaemia was found to be aggravated by iron deficiency in 19/35 or 54% of the patients. There was no significant difference between the mean s-TfR concentrations in patients with adequate iron in comparison to patients with iron depletion [2.9 (1.6) mg l-1 v. 2.7 (1.4) mg l-1; t = 0.273; p = 0.786; Student's t-test]. Mean s-TfR levels in both patients with adequate iron and depleted iron stores were within the normal range, but tended to be higher than in normal individuals [mean (SD): 1.54 (0.43) mg l-1]. In patients with no stainable marrow iron (MIG 0; N = 15) a significant inverse correlation was found between s-TfR concentrations and s-ferritin levels (r = 0.57; p < 0.05). 5/15 patients with MIG = 0 exhibited significantly raised concentrations of s-TfR values > 3.05 mg l-1 (the highest normal value of the normal range). Increases of s-TfR levels were consistently moderate, and never exceeded a level of 7 mg l-1, which is markedly lower than concentrations measured in patients with iron deficiency anaemia. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Bacteriological analysis of wound infection in Mayo Hospital, Lahore.

Five hundred specimens of pus or pus swabs, from various wards of Mayo Hospital, were studied in the Pathology Department of King Edward Medical College, during the period ranging from 1-1-1979 to 17-1979. The incidence of various organisms along with their anti-biogram was studied. The common organisms were Straph. aureus (28.64%), E. coli (24.73%), Pseudomonas (23.69%) and B. Proteus (10.41%). (JPMA 32:66, 1982).
Compensatory Increase in Hepatic Lipogenesis in Mice with Conditional Intestine-specific Mttp Deficiency*

Microsomal TG transfer protein (MTTP) is required for the assembly and secretion of TG (TG)-rich lipoproteins from both enterocytes and hepatocytes. Liver-specific deletion of Mttp produced a dramatic reduction in plasma very low density lipoprotein-TG and virtually eliminated apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) secretion yet caused only modest reductions in plasma apoB48 and apoB48 secretion from primary hepatocytes. These observations prompted us to examine the phenotype following intestine-specific Mttp deletion because murine, like human enterocytes, secrete virtually exclusively apoB48. We generated mice with conditional Mttp deletion in villus enterocytes (Mttp-IKO), using a tamoxifen-inducible, intestine-specific Cre transgene. Villus enterocytes from chow-fed Mttp-IKO mice contained large cytoplasmic TG droplets and no chylomicron-sized particles within the secretory pathway. Chow-fed, Mttp-IKO mice manifested steatorrhea, growth arrest, and decreased cholesterol absorption, features that collectively recapitulate the phenotype associated with abetalipoproteinemia. Chylomicron secretion was reduced dramatically in vivo, in conjunction with an ∼80% decrease in apoB48 secretion from primary enterocytes. Additionally, although plasma and hepatic cholesterol and TG content were decreased, Mttp-IKO mice demonstrated a paradoxical increase in both hepatic lipogenesis and very low density lipoprotein secretion. These findings establish distinctive features for MTTP involvement in intestinal chylomicron assembly and secretion and suggest that hepatic lipogenesis undergoes compensatory induction in the face of defective intestinal TG secretion.
Drug–drug interactions involving new antiretroviral drugs and drug classes

Purpose of review The aim of this article is to review the available data on new antiretroviral agents and the drug–drug interactions studied so far. Recent findings Several new drugs have been recently approved or are under development for the treatment of HIV infection. The pharmacokinetics of these agents is being studied to provide information about safety and efficacy, and particularly about drug–drug interactions with antiretrovirals as well as with other drugs used in HIV patients to treat comorbidities. Summary Several agents for the treatment of HIV infection are under development. With new agents being used, new drug interaction mechanisms emerge and may lead to unpredictable outcomes. When drug–drug interactions are clinically significant, dose adjustments are required to prevent toxicity and ensure virological response.
Age, Sex, Neuroticism, and Locus of Control

The interaction of age (17 to 29 yr.), sex (130 males, 108 females), and Neuroticism with locus of control was investigated through a three-factor analysis of variance. The main effect of Neuroticism and the interaction of sex by Neuroticism on locus of control were significant. Generally, males who scored low on Neuroticism were more internally oriented than the male groups who scored higher on Neuroticism as well as all the female groups.
β1 integrins are required for normal CNS myelination and promote AKT-dependent myelin outgrowth

Oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) produce myelin sheaths that insulate axons to ensure fast propagation of action potentials. β1 integrins regulate the myelination of peripheral nerves, but their function during the myelination of axonal tracts in the CNS is unclear. Here we show that genetically modified mice lacking β1 integrins in the CNS present a deficit in myelination but no defects in the development of the oligodendroglial lineage. Instead, in vitro data show that β1 integrins regulate the outgrowth of myelin sheaths. Oligodendrocytes derived from mutant mice are unable to efficiently extend myelin sheets and fail to activate AKT (also known as AKT1), a kinase that is crucial for axonal ensheathment. The inhibition of PTEN, a negative regulator of AKT, or the expression of a constitutively active form of AKT restores myelin outgrowth in culturedβ 1-deficient oligodendrocytes. Our data suggest that β1 integrins play an instructive role in CNS myelination by promoting myelin wrapping in a process that depends on AKT.
Increasing importance of deposition of reduced nitrogen in the United States

Significance Human activities have greatly increased emissions of reactive forms of nitrogen to the atmosphere. This perturbation to the nitrogen cycle has produced large increases of nitrogen deposition to sensitive ecosystems. Over recent decades, attention has focused on wet and dry deposition of nitrate stemming from fossil fuel combustion emissions of nitrogen oxides. Successful decreases in nitrogen oxides emissions in the United States have substantially decreased nitrate deposition. By contrast, emissions of ammonia, an unregulated air pollutant, and resulting deposition of ammonium have grown. Expanded observations demonstrate that deposition of reactive nitrogen in the United States has shifted from a nitrate-dominated to an ammonium-dominated condition. Recognition of this shift is critical to formulating effective future policies to protect ecosystems from excess nitrogen deposition. Rapid development of agriculture and fossil fuel combustion greatly increased US reactive nitrogen emissions to the atmosphere in the second half of the 20th century, resulting in excess nitrogen deposition to natural ecosystems. Recent efforts to lower nitrogen oxides emissions have substantially decreased nitrate wet deposition. Levels of wet ammonium deposition, by contrast, have increased in many regions. Together these changes have altered the balance between oxidized and reduced nitrogen deposition. Across most of the United States, wet deposition has transitioned from being nitrate-dominated in the 1980s to ammonium-dominated in recent years. Ammonia has historically not been routinely measured because there are no specific regulatory requirements for its measurement. Recent expansion in ammonia observations, however, along with ongoing measurements of nitric acid and fine particle ammonium and nitrate, permit new insight into the balance of oxidized and reduced nitrogen in the total (wet + dry) US nitrogen deposition budget. Observations from 37 sites reveal that reduced nitrogen contributes, on average, ∼65% of the total inorganic nitrogen deposition budget. Dry deposition of ammonia plays an especially key role in nitrogen deposition, contributing from 19% to 65% in different regions. Future progress toward reducing US nitrogen deposition will be increasingly difficult without a reduction in ammonia emissions.
Classification system based on kinematic MR imaging in cervical spondylitic myelopathy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Functional myelographic studies are often used to evaluate the dynamic changes of the cervical spinal canal during flexion and extension. The purposes of this study were to use kinematic MR imaging to assess the dynamic changes of the cervical spine in patients at different stages of degenerative disease and to describe a classification system based on static and dynamic factors in the pathogenesis of cervical spondylitic myelopathy. METHODS Eighty-one patients with different stages (I-IV) of degenerative disease of the cervical spine were examined with MR imaging. In the neutral position (0 degrees) and at maximum flexion and extension, spinal stenosis was classified for each segment according to the following grading system: 0 = normal, 1 = partial obliteration of the anterior or posterior subarachnoid space, 2 = complete obliteration of the anterior or posterior subarachnoid space, and 3 = cervical cord compression or displacement. RESULTS At flexion and extension, the prevalence of spinal stenosis and cervical cord impingement increased as the stage of degenerative disease progressed. With regard to a pincer effect (anterior and posterior cord impingement) and cord encroachment at multiple segments, statistically significant differences were observed at stages III and IV as compared with stages I and II. Significant increase in cord impingement was seen in 22 (27%) of 81 patients at extension, as compared with four (5%) of 81 patients at flexion. CONCLUSION Regardless of the stage of degenerative disease and grade of spinal stenosis at the neutral position (0 degrees), cervical spinal motion may contribute to the development of cervical spondylitic myelopathy.
Impact of Extraischemic Hemorrhage After Thrombolysis with Intravenous Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator

Background: Thrombolysis is efficacious for acute ischemic stroke; however it might increase the risk of following hemorrhage. Generally, hemorrhage may occur within the ischemic region because of ischemiareperfusion injury. However, hemorrhage of extraischemic lesion called extraischemic hemorrhage (EH) may sometimes observed. The risks and outcome of EH have been still controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal the clinical characteristics of EH in recent cases. Methods: Acute ischemic stroke patients who were treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator administration within 4.5 hrs following onset were consecutively screened (n=112). All cases were classified into no-bleeding (NB), cerebral hemorrhage within infarct lesion (HI) and EH groups. The MRI findings, patient’s background and outcome were assessed between EH and other groups. Results: Incidence rate of NB, HI and EH were 62.5%, 31.2% and 6.3%, respectively. There was no significant difference of patients’ background between EH and other groups. While, patients of EH group showed significantly higher frequency of microbleeds in subcortical region compared with NB group (p=0.01: 71.4% and 21.4%, respectively). Leukoaraiosis in deep white matter region was significantly severer in EH compared with NB group (p=0.03). Although neurologic severity at onset was the same among three groups, the outcome was significantly worse in EH group compared with other groups (p=0.04). Conclusion: Our results confirmed that extraischemic hemorrhage after thrombolysis could cause worse outcome. Moreover, it was revealed the underlying small vessel disease, represented by microbleeds and leukoaraiosis in subcortical area, might be associated with extraischemic hemorrhage.