Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chatter prediction using dynamic simulation

Prediction of the vibratory behaviour in machining is widely studied in the literature. The most common techniques of simulation consist in the linearization of the machining process; they lead to the traditional form known as of the « stability lobes ». This approach does not take into account some characteristics of the milling process (periodic variation of chip thickness, entries and exits of the tool), especially in finishing. Dynamic simulation of the process, based on three fundamental pillars (modelling of the cutting forces, modelling of the machined surface and prediction of the relative movements between the part and the tool), are more suitable in this case. The purpose of this article is to present a simulation tool that combines a mechanistic model of cutting forces with the generation of the machined surface using an "eraser of matter"approach. The computer program discretises the geometry in elementary discs along Z axis (model 2 D ½) and the dynamics is modelled using its modal characteristics. It predicts the cutting forces, the vibrations and the geometry of the machined surface. It is thus possible to give acceptable range for parameters such as spindle speed or depth of cut according to technological criteria (roughness after machining, maximum effort on the cutter or maximum vibration level). Copyright © 2007 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.
Spatial and Temporal Resource Use by Dominant Benthic Amphipoda (Ampeliscidae and Corophiidae) on the Middle Atlantic Bight Outer Continental Shelf

The study was designed to investigate ecological relationships among numerically dominant species of amphipods in the families Ampeliscidae and Corophiidae on the outer continental shelf of the Middle Atlantic Bight. USA. It assesses the importance of b io t~c interactions by examining spatial and temporal patterns in abundance and distribution. A complex set of physical and biological factors govern distribution and abundance of these species within the outer shelf zone. In outer shelf swale (topographic depression) habitats the ampeliscid Ampelisca agassizi effectively excludes other members of the family. This may be the result of the species' superior ability to utilize spatial resources. Outside of swale habitats the abundances of the ampelisclds Ampelisca vadorum and Byblis serrata may be limited by the availability of trophic resources. The corophiids exhibited little evidence of resource partitioning. Some differences in microhabitat distribution may facilitate coexistence of the species in this family, as well as between families. The corophiids Unciola irrorata and Erichthonius rubricornis are known to comprise a major portion of the diet of benthic fishes on the outer shelf. It is suggested that populations of these species may be held below the levels at which biotic interactions become important by both benthic predators and physical disturbance.
UPON INDIGENOUS HERBAL PRODUCTS FOR THERAPEUTIC VALORIFICATION IN METABOLIC DISEASES NOTE I . BETULAE FOLIUM AND RUBI IDAEI FOLIUM , SOURCES OF MICRO-AND MACROELEMENTS

The role of microand macroelements in some metabolic diseases’ pathology (diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia) is well known. The purpose of the study was a screening of macroand microelements found in birch (Betulae folium) and raspberry (Rubi idaei folium) leaves and the quantitative determination of those elements (calcium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, iron, copper, nickel, chromium and vanadium) implicated in diabetes and dyslipidaemia pathology, for therapeutic valorification of both herbal products as adjuvants in these metabolic disorders’ treatment. Regarding this, qualitative (X-ray fluorescence = XRF) and quantitative (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy = ICP-AES, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy = F-AAS) methods have been used. Calcium, potassium, zinc, manganese, iron, copper and nickel were identified in both herbal products using XRF. Betulae folium and Rubi idaei folium are considerable sources of: calcium (11,600; 19,400 mg kg), potassium (16,200; 40,300 mg kg), magnesium (6,300; 7,200 mg kg), manganese (3,200; 94 mg kg), zinc (225; 48.5 mg kg), iron (49.3; 335 mg kg), copper (19.09; 15.05 mg kg) (ICP-AES) and chromium (69.85; 23.28 mg kg) (F-AAS). Nickel and vanadium were not quantified, being under the detection limit of the used methods. The presence of chromium in raspberry leaves hasn’t been mentioned before.
OH group behavior and pressure-induced amorphization of antigorite examined under high pressure and temperature using synchrotron infrared spectroscopy

Abstract Infrared (IR) absorption spectra of antigorite were measured up to 27 GPa and 320 °C using synchrotron IR radiation to elucidate OH group behavior under high-pressure (HP) and high-temperature (HT) conditions. The absorption bands attributable to the OH stretching modes of outer OH groups (OHouter) and inner OH groups (OHinner) show positive pressure dependencies. The shift rate of the OHinner band is almost constant at all pressure ranges. In contrast, that of the OHouter band increases slightly at about 6 GPa. This discontinuous change of the shift rate is consistent with the anomalous behavior of the OHouter upon compression, which was predicted in the previous first-principle calculation study. Specifically, the pressure dependence of the OHouter band shows that the hydrogen ion of an OHouter interacts not only with the nearest basal oxygen ion of the SiO4 tetrahedron but also with the second nearest two basal oxygen ions upon compression. The latter interaction becomes dominant over the former interaction at about 6 GPa. Pressure-induced amorphization was indicated from IR spectra measured at 300 °C and 25.6 GPa. This P-T condition is out of the thermodynamic stability field of antigorite. A broad absorption band, which is close to the broad band attributable to natural hydrous silicate glass, appeared after amorphization, which suggests that the pressure-induced amorphization of antigorite does not induce dehydration. Hydrogen atoms are retained in amorphized antigorite as OH groups.
Resurrection and redescription of the pocket gopher Thomomys sheldoni from the Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico

Abstract Thomomys sheldoni Bailey, 1915 is resurrected to recognize a genetically divergent clade of smooth-toothed pocket gophers that inhabits the high-elevation pine–oak forests of the Sierra Madre Occidental in Mexico from northwestern Chihuahua through Durango to western Zacatecas and northeastern Nayarit. Analyses of DNA sequences from 8 genes and genotype assignment tests for 21 allozyme loci establish this clade as a genetically isolated taxon within the T. umbrinus (sensu lato) complex. In addition to the T. sheldoni clade (diploid number of 2n = 76), 3 genetic clades within T. umbrinus (2n = 78) and 1 newly discovered clade (2n = 76) also were recovered in the phylogenetic analyses. Individuals of T. sheldoni and T. umbrinus occur in close proximity with no evidence of gene flow and an average cytochrome-b genetic divergence of 15.6%. Analyses of cranial morphology reveal that skulls of T. sheldoni are, on average, broader and longer than skulls of T. umbrinus and T. atrovarius. We recognize and provide synonymies for 2 subspecies within T. sheldoni based on a weak genetic and morphological break that is coincident with a large, north–south gap in its distribution: T. s. sheldoni in the southern Sierra Madre Occidental, which includes specimens from the type locality and populations in Durango, Zacatecas, and Nayarit; and T. s. chihuahuae in the northern Sierra Madre Occidental, which is known only from Chihuahua. Resumen Thomomys sheldoni Bailey, 1915 es resucitada para reconocer un clado genéticamente divergente de tuzas de dientes lisos que habitan los bosques de altura de pino–encino de la Sierra Madre Occidental en México desde el noroeste de Chihuahua a través de Durango hasta el oeste de Zacatecas y el noreste de Nayarit. Análisis de secuencias de ADN de 8 genes y pruebas de asignación de 21 establecieron este clado como un taxon aislado genéticamente dentro del complejo T. umbrinus (sensu lato). Además del clado de T. sheldoni (número diploide 2n = 76), 3 clados genéticos dentro de T. umbrinus (2n = 78) y un clado recientemente descubierto (2n = 76) también fueron recuperados en los análisis filogenéticos. Los individuos de T. sheldoni y T. umbrinus se encontraron en proximidad cercana sin evidencia de flujo genético y una divergencia genética promedio de citocromo-b de 15.6%. Los análisis de morfología craneal revelaron que los cráneos de T. sheldoni son, en promedio, más anchos y más largos que los cráneos de T. umbrinus y de T. atrovarius. Reconocemos y proporcionamos para 2 subespecies dentro de T. sheldoni basados en una discontinuidad genética y morfológica que coinciden con un vacio grande norte–sur en su distribución: T. s. sheldoni en el sur de la Sierra Madre Occidental, que incluye especímenes de la localidad tipo y poblaciones en Durango, Zacatecas, y Nayarit; y T. s. chihuahuae en el norte de la Sierra Madre Occidental, la que se conoce solamente de Chihuahua.
Antimicrobial activity of Phoma sp. URM 7221: An endophyte from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae)

The discovery of new metabolites potentially bioactive against pathogenic microorganisms, mainly multidrug resistant, has aroused interest in endophytic fungi. The plant-associated microorganisms have been an important source for development of new compounds of biotechnological interest. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial capacity of the endophytic fungus, Phoma sp. URM 7221 isolated from the medicinal plant Schinus terebinthifolius against human-pathogenic bacteria. An endophyte was isolated from S. terebinthifolius leaves. Phoma herbarum URM7221 was characterized morphologically and on the basis of ITS rDNA sequence. Primary antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the agar diffusion method and fermentation in liquid medium. Six different solvents were used to extract the active metabolites from fungal biomass and metabolic liquid. An antimicrobial activity test from the extract was carried out using a disk diffusion method with the endophytic extract containing the best antibacterial activity. Two tests were performed: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Partially purified secondary metabolite extracts were analysed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Liquid metabolically bioactive compounds extracted with petroleum ether revealed a MIC of 25 and 500 μg. mL−1 against S. aureus and MRSA, respectively. Ether and methanol extracts were assessed by chemical analyses and contained phenolic compounds, triterpenes, steroids, reducing sugars, mono- and sesquiterpenes. The thin layer chromatography assay showed the activity of different antimicrobial compounds produced by Phoma sp. URM7221. This endophyte (URM7221) could be efficiently used for production of bioactive metabolites against pathogenic microorganisms, with significant biotechnological potential. Key words: Bioactive compounds, endophytic fungi, pathogenic bacteria, multidrug-resistance, antibacterial agents.
Individuals naturally exposed to Lutzomyia intermedia sand flies develop an IL-10-dominant immune response and are at increased risk of developing Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Background. Leishmaniasis is caused by parasites transmitted to the vertebrate host by infected sand flies. During transmission, the vertebrate host is also inoculated with sand fly saliva, which exerts powerful immunomodulatory effects on the host ́s immune response. Methods. We conducted a prospective cohort analysis to characterize the human immune response to Lutzomyia intermedia saliva in 264 individuals, from an area for cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. braziliensis. Results. Antibodies were found in 150 (56.8%) individuals; IgG1 and IgG4 were the predominant subclasses. Recall responses to salivary gland sonicate showed elevated production of IL-10, IL-13, IFN-γ, CXCL9 and CCL2 compared to controls. CD4CD25 T cells, including Foxp3 cells, were the main source of IL-10. L. braziliensis replication was increased (p<0.05) in macrophages co-cultured with saliva-stimulated lymphocytes from exposed individuals and addition of anti-IL-10 reverted this effect. Positive correlation between antibody response to saliva and cellular response to Leishmania was not found. Importantly, individuals with positive serology to saliva are 2.1 times more likely to develop cutaneous leishmaniasis [RR= 2.1 (95% CI 1.07 – 4.2, p<0.05)]. Conclusion. Exposure to Lu. intermedia sand flies skews the human immune response, facilitating L. braziliensis survival in vitro, and increases the risk of developing cutaneous leishmaniasis. Ac ce pte d M an us cri pt 3
Title : Decreased plant productivity resulting from plant group removal experiment constrains soil microbial functional diversity Running head : plant-microbe functional relationship

Anthropogenic environmental changes are accelerating the rate of biodiversity loss on Earth. Plant diversity loss is predicted to reduce soil microbial diversity primarily due to the decreased variety of carbon/energy resources. However, this intuitive hypothesis is supported by sparse empirical evidence, and most underlying mechanisms remain underexplored or obscure altogether. We constructed four diversity gradients (0-3) in a five-year plant functional group removal experiment in a steppe ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China, and quantified microbial taxonomic and functional diversity with shotgun metagenome sequencing. The treatments had little effect on microbial taxonomic diversity, but were found to decrease functional gene diversity. However, the observed decrease in functional gene diversity was more attributable to a loss in plant productivity, rather than to the loss of any individual plant functional group per se. Reduced productivity limited fresh plant resources supplied to microorganisms, and thus, intensified the pressure of ecological filtering, favoring genes responsible for energy production/conversion, material transport/metabolism and amino acid recycling, and accordingly disfavored many genes with other functions. Furthermore, microbial respiration was correlated with the variation in functional A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. composition but not taxonomic composition. Overall, the amount of carbon/energy resources driving microbial gene diversity was identified to be the critical linkage between aboveand below-ground communities, contrary to the traditional framework of linking plant clade/taxonomic diversity to microbial taxonomic diversity.
The mass-loss rates of Wolf{Rayet stars explained by optically thick radiation driven wind models

Observed, clumping-corrected mass-loss rates of Galactic Wolf{Rayet (WR) stars are compared with predictions of the optically thick radiation driven wind models. We did not develop models for the whole wind, but we studied the conditions at the sonic point that would explain the observed high mass-loss rates of WR-stars. We nd that optically thick wind models can explain the observed values of the mass-loss rates only if two conditions are satised: (a) The sonic point (where vflow = vsound) lies deep in the wind where the temperature is either near 160 000 K, or in the range of 40 000 to 70 000 K. (b) The flux-mean opacity must increase outward from the sonic point. With these conditions a simple approximate formula for the mass-loss rates of WR-stars can be derived. The rst condition implies that the sonic point is at an optical depth between about 3 and 30. Such large optical depths require a slowly increasing velocity law in the supersonic region, with a velocity-law index of ' 5 for WR-stars, compared to ' 1 for O-stars. The OPAL-opacity tables for the chemical composition of the WR-stars show that the opacity indeed increases outward at the temperature range near 1:6 10 5 K, and between about 410 7 and 710 4 K, as required for the optically thick wind models. The opacity at the sonic points of the models is very similar to the OPAL-opacity at the sonic point temperature and density. The radius of the sonic point is about half as large as the inner boundaries of the \standard" models for early type WR-winds. Observational evidence, derived from line prole variations and from the light-curves of WR-stars in eclipsing binary systems, support the derived large values of and the small values of the sonic point radius. The models presented here show that the high mass-loss rates of WR-stars might be the result of optically thick radiation driven winds. The presence of two very distinct temperature regimes for the sonic point implies a bifurcation in the wind models of WR-stars.
Social capital and trust in collaborative marketing groups: The case of vegetable clusters in the Southern Philippines

Over the past two decades, numerous studies have explored the role and the impact of social capital in organizations. Social capital helps overcome problems of institutional access to information, credit, the supply of farm inputs and the provision of government services. Despite the increasing number of studies, the role of social capital and trust in collaborative marketing arrangements for smallholder producers remains relatively unexplored. This study examines social capital among cluster marketing groups in three regions of the Southern Philippines. The results show that social capital in the form of affiliations and networks, social cohesiveness, open communication and trust had positive benefits for each of the cluster
Transactions on Computer-human Interaction

1 What does touch tell us about emotions in touchscreen-based gameplay? Nowadays, more and more people play games on touch screen mobile phones. This phenomenon raises a very interesting question: does touch behavior reflect the player's emotional state? If possible, this would be a valuable evaluation indicator for game designers but also for realtime personalization of the game experience. Psychology studies on acted touch behaviour show the existence of discriminative affective profiles. In this paper, finger stroke features during gameplay on an iPod were extracted and their discriminative power analysed. A system was built and tested to recognize four emotional states (Excited, Relaxed, Frustrated and Bored) and 2 levels of arousal and two of valence. Discriminant Analysis of the collected data shows that pressure features discriminate frustration states from the other three states. Stroke speed and directness features discriminate between different levels of arousal whilst stroke length features discriminate mainly boredom from a relaxed state. Three machine learning algorithms were used to build a person-independent automatic emotion recognition system based on touch behaviour. All three algorithms produced very interesting results in discriminating between 4 emotional states reaching between 69% and 77% of correct recognition. Higher results (~89%) were obtained for discriminating between two levels of arousal and between two levels of valence. These results highlight the potential of using touch behaviour as a non-obstructive way to measure users' emotional states in contexts where touch-based devices are used.
SUDDEN DEATH IN INFA Sociodemographic and climatic factors

P. FRANCO, 1 * A. RAOUX, 1 B. KUGENER, 1 F. DIJOUD, 1 S. SCAILLET, 2 J. GROSWASSER, 2 INEKO KATO, 3 ENZA MONTEMITRO, 4 J.S. LIN, 1 AND A. KAHN (DECEASED) Pediatric Sleep Unit, Hôpital Femme-M ere-Enfant, SIDS Reference Center of Lyon & INSERM-628, Universit e Lyon 1, Lyon, France Pediatric Sleep Unit, Children’s University Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City University Medical School, Nagoya, Japan Department of Paediatric, Sleep Disease Centre, University of Rome “La Sapienza”-S Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
The effects of handling time, ambient light, and anaesthetic method, on the standardized measurement of fish colouration

The effects of handling time, ambient light intensity, and anaesthetic method, on the collection of spectral re- flectance data were assessed in two species of Malawi cichlids (Melanochromis auratus and Metriaclima zebra). Using spectrometry, colour patches were measured over 10 min, under increasing ambient light levels, and using three anaes- thetic methods. As time elapsed, maximum percent reflectance (Rmax) decreased across all anaesthetic methods and spe- cies, suggesting that measurements should be taken immediately after capture and anaesthetization. With increasing light intensity, Rmax increased significantly, suggesting that measurements should be taken under natural ambient conditions when possible. Finally, we found that anaesthetizing fish using an ice bath produced significantly higher Rmax than using either MS-222 (tricaine methanesulphonate) or clove oil (eugenol). However, the highest proportion of ultraviolet (UV) colouration was recorded while fish were anaesthetized with clove oil. Our results highlight the variation involved in measuring fish colour patterns using two related species, and thus indicate the need for a standardized approach to collect- ing spectral reflectance data in fish. Resume´ : Nous avons evalueles effets du temps de manipulation, de l'intensitelumineuse ambiante et de la methode d'anesthesie sur la recolte de donnees de reflectance spectrale chez deux especes de cichlides du Malawi (Melanochromis auratus et Metriaclima zebra). Nous avons mesurepar spectrometrie des taches de couleur pendant 10 minutes sous des intensites croissantes de lumiere ambiante et en employant trois methodes d'anesthesie. Amesure que le temps passe, le pourcentage maximum de reflectance (Rmax )d ecrooˆt sous toutes les methodes d'anesthesie et pour les deux especes, ce qui indique que les mesures devraient etre faites immediatement apres la capture et l'anesthesie. Sous une intensitelumineuse croissante, Rmax augmente de maniere significative, ce qui laisse croire que les mesures devraient se faire, si possible, dans les conditions ambiantes naturelles. Enfin, l'anesthesie des poissons dans un bain de glace produit un Rmax significative- ment plus eleveque l'utilisation de MS-222 (methanesulfonate de tricao¨ne) ou de l'huile de clou (eugenol). Cependant, la plus grande proportion de coloration ultraviolette (UV) est enregistree lorsque les poissons sont anesthesies avec de l'huile de clou. Nos resultats soulignent la variation qui existe dans la mesure des patrons de coloration de deux poissons apparen- tese t demontrent donc la necessited'une methode standardisee pour la recolte de donnees de reflectance chez les poissons. (Traduit par la Redaction)
Interethnic Marriage Decisions: A Choice between Ethnic and Educational Similarities

This paper examines the effect of education on intermarriage and specifically, whether the mechanisms through which education affects intermarriage differ by immigrant generation and race. We consider three main paths through which education affects marriage choice. First, educated people may be better able to adapt to different customs and cultures making them more likely to marry outside of their ethnicity. Second, because the educated are less likely to reside in ethnic enclaves, meeting potential spouses of the same ethnicity may involve higher search costs. Lastly, if spouse-searchers value similarities in education as well as ethnicity, then they may be willing to substitute similarities in education for ethnicity when evaluating spouses. Thus, the effect of education will depend on the availability of same-ethnicity potential spouses with a similar level of education. Using U.S. Census data, we find evidence for all three effects for the population in general. However, assortative matching on education seems to be relatively more important for the native born, for the foreign born that arrived at a fairly young age, and for Asians. We conclude by providing additional pieces of evidence suggestive of our hypotheses.