Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Prognostic Indicators in Non-Hodgkin LymphomasThe Role of Apoptotic and Proliferative Indices

BACKGROUND : Non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a collection of different subtypes each with different clinical presentations, treatment regimen and prognosis. These subtypes appear to be derived from progenitor cells at different stages of B and T cell development. To date there is no single classification that can predict how a particular tumour in an individual patient might behave. So a need to look at other prognostic indicators has become increasingly relevant. In this study 57 cases of various subtypes of NHL were studied. They were classified by working formulation classification and apoptotic & proliferative indices which were taken as prognostic indicators were applied. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Histopathological tissue materials of NHL cases from the department of pathology were collected and studied. Sections were made with thickness of 4 microns and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. All cases were classified by working formulation into low,intermediate, high grade. Thin sections were made and apoptotic indices were calculated by counting apoptotic bodies per 1000 cells and expressed in percentage. Immunohistochemical stain for Ki67 was done in all cases. Proliferative indices were calculated by Ki67 positive cells per 1000 cells and expressed in percentage. RESULTS : The results of apoptotic and proliferative indices were highly variable in different subtypes of NHL. Among the total 57 cases of NHL, by working formulation classification 21 cases are of low grade,23 cases are intermediate grade and 13 cases are high grade. And then by applying prognostic indicators like proliferation and apoptotic indices out of the 21 cases of low grade lymphomas 4 cases show higher proliferative capacity. Similarly among the 23 cases of intermediate grade lymphomas 5 cases show lower proliferative capacity and other 5 cases show a higher proliferative capacity of >80% . Among the 13 cases of high grade lymphoma all the cases shows a very higher proliferative capacity with very high apoptotic indices. CONCLUSION : Inspite the availability of a number of new classification for NHL working formulation still holds good in most cases. Though apoptotic indices were found not to be significant in this study, proliferative indices were found to play an important in identifying the aggressiveness of tumour behaviour. The outcome of the analysis of these indices has a positive correlation and has a definite impact over the prognosis of patients with NHL.
Relación entre varicocele, disfunción sexual y niveles séricos de testosterona

Introduction: the relationship of varicocele with erectile sexual dysfunction and testosterone concentration has not been fully elucidated. Objective: to assess the possible relationship between the presence of varicocele, testosterone serum levels and erectile sexual dysfunction. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted in Pinar del Rio, during the years 2014-2017. The correlation between the presence of varicocele and erectile sexual dysfunction was established. Testosterone levels were compared in patients with and without varicocele. For categorized variables, the X2 test was applied. The quantitative variables were compared using the t-Student test. The analyses were performed with SPSS 23 software and a 95% certainty. Results: the prevalence in patients with varicocele was 38.6% and in those who did not suffer from it, it was 26.1%. Chi square test (X 2 = 6.5, p = 0.01) showed a significant association between both entities and the inconsistency ratio shows a slight increase in the risk of suffering from erectile sexual dysfunction in case of varicocele, OR = 1.7 95% CI = 1.14-2.78. The mean testosterone serum concentration was lower in patients with varicocele (11.8 nmol / L versus 16.1 nmol / L). The t-Student test (t = 5.6, p = 0.00) showed a significant difference in both groups in relation to the determinations of this hormone. Conclusions: these findings suggest varicocele might be involved in the occurrence of sexual dysfunction due to decreased levels of testosterone.
Pepsin

Pepsin is the peculiar ferment present in the gastric juice. As a physiological experiment, the juice itself can be used for artifical digestion, but obviously cannot be obtained in sufficient quantity for therapeutic application. Various methods have been employed to obtain the active principle in a form suitable for medical use. Boudault's, Morson's, Beal's and various others have been prepared in Europe, but it is sufficient to mention only the three lirst, as the others have not come into use here. " The pepsin of commerce is either mucus of the stomach scraped off and dried, or a mixture of pepsin, peptones and starch, containing a little lactic acid. "* Beale's corresponds to the first part of the description. Boudault's and Morson's to the second.
Assessment of Factors Contributing to Late Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer inPublic Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia cervical cancer is the second commonest cancer and first leading cause of mortality. Study finding from developing setting indicated that 80-90% of cervical cancer cases diagnosis at late stage. Nerveless, a little known about factors associated to late diagnosis of patient with cervical cancer in Ethiopia. Hence, this study conducted to assess factors contributing to late diagnosis of patients with cervical cancer in selected facilities of Addis Ababa city administration, Ethiopia 2015. Methods: Facility based unmatched case-control study design supported by qualitative study were conducted from January to February 2015 on randomly selected 198 (99 case and 99 control) cervical cancer patients in Black Lion, Zewiditu and St. Paulos hospitals in Addis Ababa. Quantitative data was collected using structured questionnaire for interview and from medical records. Collected data were cleaned for incompleteness and inconsistence using Epiinfo 7. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS 21 version. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize socio-demographic and clinical characteristic of study population. Binary logistic regression was used to assess association between outcome variable and predictors. The results were reported by odd ratio (OR) and statistical significance were declared at p-value less 0.05. Result: Out of 198 (99 cases and 99 control) patients were interviewed. The mean ages of the respondent for cases were 51.1+1 years and for controls 47.5+ 1 years. After adjustment for confounders, the odds of late stage diagnosis were lesser among those women who had income between 650 to 1000 EB per month (AOR0.26; 95%CI (0.091-0.74). And higher among women who were unemployed (AOR3.2; 95% CI (1.38, 7.41)), among women who travel more than 48 hours to oncology center (AOR7.15; 95% CI (1.54, 33.22)), women who had long total diagnostic delay (AOR 4.17; 95% CI (1.197, 14.52)). On IDI, symptom misrecognition and interpretation, long waiting time to see a doctor, waiting time for test, being far away and waiting time in treatment center are the main reasons for late diagnosis. Conclusion and recommendation: early diagnosis and treatment is very crucial for cervical cancer, Family monthly income, occupational status, distance from oncology center and total diagnostic delay were predictor factors of late stage diagnosis. It needs a better attention on prevention, control and early treatment mechanisms in every level.
Assessment of cardiovascular risk among diabetic patients in an urban area of Kancheepuram district, India: a cross sectional study

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem. Non communicable diseases like coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, obesity are increasing in number and overtakes the communicable diseases with respect to morbidity and mortality. Diabetic populations have a higher risk of developing CAD than the general population. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases among diabetic patients.Methods: This is a cross sectional study done among the urban adult population in Kancheepuram district. Sample size of 400 diabetic patients was studied by using consecutive sampling method. Data was collected by administering a pre tested structured questionnaire. Cardiovascular risk was assessed based on PROCAM scoring, a 10 years risk assessment score. The study was done for a period of three months from January to March 2018. Data analysis was done in SPSS software version 22.Results: Among the diabetic patients, 53.5% of them are in high risk category based on PROCAM score for developing cardiovascular disease. A statistical significant association was found between cardiovascular risk and factors like socioeconomic status and overweight/obesity.Conclusions: This study reveals that the diabetic populations are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Hence awareness about the risk should be created and appropriate intervention at early stages should be implemented at primary health care level.
Efficacy of intralesional corticosteroid versus autologous platelet rich plasma injection in the management of chronic plantar fasciitis

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Plantar fasciitis is a common pathological condition affecting the hind foot, and a common cause of heel pain. The present study was taken up to assess the efficacy of intralesional corticosteroid compared to autologous platelet rich plasma injection in the management of chronic plantar fasciitis. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Patients were randomized into two groups (Group A and Group B) of 30 each. Group-A received Corticosteroid injection while Group-B received PRP injection. Patients were assessed functionally using American Orthopaedic Foot and ankle score (AOFAS), Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores before treatment and on follow-up visit at 6 weeks, 3rd month, and 6th month. Ultrasound of heel for plantar fascia thickness was measured before treatment and follow up visit at 6th month. <strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A significant decrease in VAS score was observed in the corticosteroid group compared to PRP group at 6 weeks while the VAS score continued to decrease in the PRP group at 3 months and 6 months with an increase in the corticosteroid group at 3 months and 6 months. A significant increase in AOFAS was observed in the Corticosteroid group compared to PRP group at 6 weeks which increased in the PRP group at 3 months and 6 months. However it decreased in the corticosteroid group at 3 months and 6 months. Ultrasonographic evaluation showed improvement in fascial thickness in both the groups, but was better in the PRP group. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> To conclude our study shows that corticosteroid is more effective for short term relief and PRP is more effective for long term relief. </p>
Probióticos como posible apoyo en el tratamiento de la periodontitis crónica

A bibliographic review was carried out to present the benefits of probiotics in their possible use in chronic periodontitis. At present, new therapeutic approaches have appeared, which could complement the treatment of chronic periodontitis. It is well known that the gold standard in non-surgical treatment is scaling and root planing and that adjuvants, such as probiotics may support it . These commensal microorganisms of the oral microflora , when administered properly, would provide benefits to the individual, such as improving their periodontal health. Probiotics are producers of antimicrobial substances and have a competitive mechanism with pathogenic bacteria, as well as being modulators of the immune response. This review details their multiple benefits and their support in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Abnormalities among Patients with Depression

86 Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders which encompasses a cluster of symptoms including emotional, somatic and cognitive. The main characteristic of depression is low mood or anhedonia with other symptoms like decreased concentration, decreased appetite, insomnia, fatigue, thoughts of guilt, worthlessness, and hopelessness. To be diagnosed with depression, the above-mentioned symptoms must be present for at least two weeks. It affects 121 million people worldwide. Depression is currently the second cause of disability and the fourth highest contributor to the burden of diseases according to the WHO; it is expected to be the second after cardiovascular diseases by 20201.
Antibiogram Based Antimicrobial Resistance Policy

Antimicrobial resistance has a tremendous impact in health-care settings; where the combination of highly susceptible patients; including the immunocompromised, intensive prolonged antimicrobial use, and cross infection has resulted in hospital acquired infections with highly resistant bacterial pathogens (Santajit and Indrawattana, 2016). The increasing risk for morbidity and mortality associated with such resistant infections, will further attribute to inappropriate, inadequate or delayed therapy and hence to the emergence and spread of resistant organisms to other patients. (WHO, 2011) Lack of compliance to basic standard infection control procedures also contributes to the spread of resistant organisms between patients, medical personnel and the community as a whole further posing a serious public health problem, since future generations may contract infections that are resistant to any treatment (Cecchini et al, 2015).
REPARO DE RESTAURAÇÃO DE RESINA COMPOSTA: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA E APRESENTAÇÃO DE CASO CLÍNICO

The repair of composite resin restoration is a clinical procedure feasible and allows the removal of the engaged restoration without requiring complete replacement, and thus allowing the conservation of healthy tooth structure. The decision to keep part of the restoration and the clinical protocol of repair should be carefully evaluated and implemented to increase the predictability of the procedure. The bond between the old restoration surface and the composite resin to be added is based on the chemical and mechanical connection between these composites. The micromechanical preparation of the composite in combination with phosphoric acid and the use of fluid resin to improve the wetting of the surface increase the bond strength and efficiency of repair technique between composites. This study aimed to describe the technique of posterior tooth repair, performed in a composite resin restoration, describing the clinical protocol, the advantages and limitations of the technique.
Role of Muscle Strength in Balance Assessment and Treatment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to examine the role of muscle strength in the assessment and management of balance problems among individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our specific aims are to (1) synthesize the literature on the role of muscle strength in balance control among older adults; (2) provide an overview of what is known about these relationships in people with COPD; and (3) describe clinical applications of assessing and training muscle strength in the context of improving balance among individuals with COPD. Summary of Key Points: Muscle strength is a key contributor to balance in both healthy populations and in people with COPD. Although impairments in skeletal muscle have been well studied in people with COPD, the contributions of this dysfunction to the observed balance deficits in COPD has not been as well studied to date. Furthermore, current research only supports associations between muscle strength and balance performance, and we are unable to determine cause and effect. Future research should address the impact of potential deficits in muscle power and endurance on postural control and fall risk in people with COPD. Recommendations: Comprehensive assessment of balance in people with COPD should include an assessment of muscle strength but also cannot ignore the many other subsystems underlying balance. When targeting muscle strength as part of a balance training program, specific considerations should be given to functional lower-body and core exercises that challenge different balance systems.
Marijuana Compounds: A Non-Conventional Therapeutic Approach to Epilepsy in Children

Epilepsy in children is a complex disease, with a variety of distinct syndromes and many alternative treatment options. Even with a plethora of available treatment options, childhood epilepsies are commonly associated with seizures that are resistant to existing treatment methods. Treatment of pediatric epilepsy is challenging and requires more effective therapy to avoid short-term and long-term neurological disorders. Marijuana has been used to treat disease since ancient times. Marijuana ingredients Cannabidiol (CBD) and D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) have created a significant research interest as potential therapy options in epilepsy treatment. THC is the major psychoactive component of marijuana that aids in reducing epileptic seizures. CBD has proven to have anticonvulsant effect not only in experimental models but also in clinical studies. Research studies have provided strong evidence for safety and anticonvulsant properties of medical marijuana. Principal concerns regarding the use of medical marijuana in children include lack of standardization and regulation, imprecise dosing, possible adverse side effects and medication interactions.
Controversies in the Management of Early Stage Diabetic Kidney Disease

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major and increasing worldwide public health concern because it is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and a high risk for cardiovascular events. A number of interventions if initiated at an early stage of DKD reduce the risk and slow the progression to ESRD. Although significant improvement
Follow-up, residual- and recurrent disease after conization for CIN among women in Troms and Finnmark

iv Abbreviations . v 1 Background . 1 1.1 Screening for cervical cancer . 1 1.2 Guidelines of the screening program . 1 1.3 Treatment . 2 1.4 Follow-up after conization . 2 1.5 Treatment outcome . 3 2 Objective . 4 3 Material and methods . 4 3.1 Study population and definitions . 4 3.2 Outcomes . 5 3.2. 1 Adherence to the guidelines for follow-up after conization . 5 3.2. 2 Residual disease and recurrence . 5 3.2. 3 Statistical analysis . 5 3.2. 4 Formal approvals . 6 4 Results . 6 4.1 Study population characteristics . 6 4.2 Compliance to follow-up guidelines after treatment . 6 4.3 Residual disease . 6 4.4 Recurrent disease . 7 5 Discussion . 8 5.1 Summary of findings . 8 5.2 Compliance to follow-up guidelines after treatment . 8
Lower urinary tract symptoms associated with Double-J stent

Urinary drainage for hydronephrosis including the placement of an internal double J (D-J) or external percutaneous nephrostomy tube is common practice. Although D-J insertion is less invasive and may provide better quality of life than percutaneous nephrostomy, patients commonly complain of associated symptoms like discomfort, resulting in decreasing work performance and lifestyle changes. The incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) following D-J insertion is 50%–70%. Urologists who perform this procedure need to know how to prevent and manage common symptoms and educate patients. The physical activity of patients, material of D-J, size, and length of the stent are factors that increase the incidence of LUTS. Recently, several studies have suggested medical treatment for relief D-J-related symptoms. This article reviews the general background, factors, evaluation, and management of D-J associated LUTS.
Multiple Myeloma Associated with Dermatomyositis: A Short Report and Mini-Review

Citation: Islam MS, Kotoucek P (2018) Multiple Myeloma Associated with Dermatomyositis: A Short Report and Mini-Review. Int J Blood Res Disord 5:029. doi.org/10.23937/2469-5696/1410029 Accepted: June 18, 2018: Published: June 20, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Islam MS, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PREVALENCE STUDY OF ORAL SOFT TISSUE LESIONS OF PATIENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

A odontologia especial tem como diretriz a prevencao, o diagnostico e o tratamento de lesoes bucais que acometem o sistema estomatognatico. Em particular, os pacientes portadores de necessidades especiais representam uma populacao que apresenta desafios a serem transpostos para o sucesso do atendimento odontologico. O objetivo deste estudo qualiquantitativo foi avaliar as lesoes bucais mais frequentes em pacientes especiais usuarios de dois servicos de saude. Ao longo de um ano, foram analisados os prontuarios de 60 pacientes e dados relativos a idade, sexo, queixa principal, presenca ou nao de alteracoes bucais foram registrados. Em seguida, foi realizado exame bucal para verificacao de possiveis patologias presentes na mucosa oral desta populacao. A amostra foi constituida por um maior numero de individuos do sexo masculino (53,3%) e por aqueles que se autodeclararam como negros (35%). A lesao mais frequente foi a Hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatoria (40%), seguida por Hiperplasia gengival (26,6%) e Candidiase (11,6%). 18,3% dos individuos relataram xerostomia. Entre as drogas mais utilizadas pelos pacientes, destacaram-se os anti-hipertensivos (18,3%), anti-convulsivantes (8,3%) e anti-diabetogenicos (8,3%). Muitos destes pacientes e ou responsaveis queixaram-se da dificuldade de acesso ao atendimento odontologico. Sendo assim, faz-se necessario um maior grau de atencao dedicado a esta populacao a fim de que o tratamento odontologico torne-se mais acessivel.
Vitamin D Receptor Gene TAQ 1 (rs 731236) PolymorphismIn Breast Cancer Patients ATH Adam Malik Hospital Medan and its Relationship with Histopathologygrading

Breast cancer was one of most commonly occurred cancer in women in 2012. It was reported that 1.7 million (11.9%) women worldwide diagnosed as breast cancer and 6.3 million women with breast cancer had survived for 5 years [1]. In 2012. 404.000 breast cancer cases occurred annually in Asian with incidence of 30 cases in every 100.000 women. Highest incidence was in China (46%). Japan (14%) and Indonesia (12%) [2]. Risk factor of breast cancer is multi factorial. Among of which was nutrition. Vitamin D is a far soluble vitamin with wide range of function. Low vitamin D level was associated with some diseases such as diabetes Cardiovascular osteoporosis multiple sclerosis and cancer [3]. Imtiaz et al. [4] Study found that serum vitamin D level in breast cancer patients were lower (9.3 ng/ml) than control group (14.9ng/ml). Vitamin D deficiency occurred in 95.6% breast cancer patients. Similar result also stated by Janbabai et al. [5] which studied vitamin D levels in 200 breast cancer patients. They explained that 23.5% of breast cancer patients developed severe vitamin D deficiency and 37.5% developed mild deficiency. In its mechanism of action vitamin D needs a receptor to be transported into cells. Thirty one tissues had been identified to express vitamin D receptor. Including breast tissue; this indicates that cells in the tissues have potential to exert biological responses based on the number of vitamin D available [6]. Abstract