Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Oxford handbook of cognitive linguistics

Cognitive linguistics has developed into one of the most dynamic and attractive frameworks within theoretical and descriptive linguistics. With 49 chapters wiritten by experts in the field, this reference volume authoritatively covers the entire domain of cognitive linguistics, from basic concepts to practical applications. No other comprehensive overview of this burgeoning field currently exists.
Cooperative learning and planning for multiple robots

The paper deals with the the subject of learning and planning for real mobile robots, using Sutton's (1991) Dyna algorithm. The Dyna algorithm integrates reinforcement learning, planning and reactive execution. We present an extension of the Dyna algorithm which includes symmetric and cooperative learning with multiple robots. We applied the extended version of the algorithm to a population of two real robots. Practical problems associated with the implementation of the algorithm on a real setup are solved. Results obtained from simulations and real experiments are presented and discussed.
An Embedded Software Testing Requirements Modeling Tool Describing Static and Dynamic Characteristics

It is generally believed that Model-based testing (MBT) began in 1956. MBT is an important software quality assurance technology. We propose a set of graphical components describing the testing requirements of embedded software, and research how to plan test items and how to generate test cases. We couple some graphical components as a modeling system supporting to describe test requirement for embedded software. The modeling system proposed can enhance the efficiency of embedded software testing to a certain extent.
Network and Internetwork Security: Principles and Practice

This book presents detailed coverage of network security technology, the standards that are being developed for security in an internetworking environment, and the practical issues involved in developing security applications. Each basic building block of network security is covered, including conventional and public-key cryptography, authentication, and digital signatures, as are methods for countering hackers and other intruders and viruses. This work is intended for use on network security and computer security courses.
Text-dependent speaker identification using LPC and DTW for Thai language

This paper proposes a text-dependent speaker identification system applied to Thai language. Isolated digits 0-9 and their concatenations are used for speaking text. Linear prediction coefficients (LPC) are extracted and formed as feature vectors represented each speech signal. Dynamic time warping (DTW) is used to measure distances between referenced and evaluated vectors. These distances, indicating nearness of unknown vectors to references, incorporated with the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) decision technique are used to decide who possesses those unknown vectors. The experimental results have shown that the best identification rate for a single digit is 95.83% and the highest rate for concatenated digits of top-3, top-5, and top-7 are 98.75%, 100%, and 99.20%, respectively.
A 200 MHz, 600 /spl mu/W CMOS PLL for mobile communication ASICs

The main design trade-off in the realization of a low power PLL are presented and followed by the description of one implementation. This PLL is designed for mobile communication ASICs, it multiplies frequencies over 8 MHz by a factor of 2 to 8, with a maximum output frequency of 200 MHz. Its power dissipation is less than 600 /spl mu/W at 200 MHz and 1.8 V. These performances are achieved mainly on the account of the VCO structure choice and the current source design.
L’anàlisi de mediació a través de la macro/interfície Process per a SPSS

El procediment de mediacio simple, o tambe anomenat analisi d’efectes directes i indirectes, esta dissenyat per analitzar l’efecte d’una variable mediadora en la relacio entre una variable independent o explicativa i una altra de dependent o explicada. Process es una interficie aplicada a SPSS que permet fer aquests procediments d’una manera senzilla i rapida. L’objectiu d’aquest article es explicar de forma clara i amena com es fa una analisi de mediacio simple amb Process, interficie/macro per a SPSS, que permeti a qualsevol investigador iniciar-se en els procediments de mediacio, ampliament estesos sobretot en ciencies socials. Els resultats obtinguts mostren clarament l’existencia d’un efecte indirecte sobre la satisfaccio amb la formacio en linia mediat a traves de les actituds cap a la formacio. L’us d'aquesta eina permet de manera rapida i amb una facil interpretacio l’aplicacio de models de mediacio i la comprovacio de diferents proves un cop han estat recollides les dades.
Learning through online discussion: A case of triangulation in research

This paper reports on issues in carrying out research into online discussion. The context is a study of a distance learning module within an MBA program. The module required students to tackle problems based on real life scenarios within small online groups. Students were studying part time and shared similar professional backgrounds. The research looked at students' overall evaluation of the module, ways in which group work was conducted, and the contribution of the tutor. The approach taken was an interpretive case study using questionnaire survey, text analysis and interviews. The main findings from the study are reported, but the focus is on the strengths of, and difficulties in, using the research methods. Triangulation of methods provides the researcher with a greater degree of confidence in reporting findings, although subjective interpretation is still needed.
La Casa Gehry. Un uso metafórico del material como método especulativo del proyecto

Frank Gehry se planteó el proyecto de la reforma de su casa como un trabajo experimental con el que reflexionó sobre la manera de materializar su pensamiento arquitectónico. Entre los objetivos que este arquitecto se propone en sus proyectos destaca la reflexión sobre la belleza en arquitectura y su investigación para construirla, vinculándola a la realidad del proyecto. Uno de los procedimientos que empleó en la ampliación de su casa fue la utilización de la estructura creativa y especulativa que caracteriza a la metáfora para transgredir los límites convencionales de la belleza. Siguiendo dicha estructura utilizó materiales baratos y vulgares de manera diferente a la convencional, siendo éste uno de los rasgos que hicieron que esta casa fuera diferente. Al utilizar los materiales de una manera no convencional quería explorar las posibilidades estéticas de estos materiales vulgares, en los que habitualmente se soslayaban las cualidades estéticas. El uso metafórico de estos materiales fue una estrategia creativa utilizada para definir la expresión de la belleza relativa a este proyecto.
Logic synthesis for pass-transistor design

New logic CMOS families using pass-transistor circuit techniques have recently been proposed with the objective of improving speed and power consumption. The double pass-transistor logic, developed by Hitachi in 1993 has proven that in 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS technology, DPL full adder is as fast as that of CPL. In this work, a method for synthesis of pass-transistor logic has been developed. It has been shown by simulation that in terms of speed this family outperforms standard CMOS design. The logic developed using described techniques is also advantageous in terms of power as compared to static CMOS. The new logic presented in this paper represents an improvements over DPL, made by elimination of the redundant branches and rearrangement of signals.
Estudio descriptivo de las prácticas de diseño y arquitectura de desarrollo de Software en las compañías Startups.

espanolRESUMEN Esta investigacion inicia con la interrogante sobre la existencia de practicas de diseno y arquitectura en las companias Startups y presenta un breve estado del arte sobre estas practicas. La metodologia utilizada es la revision bibliografica y los resultados obtenidos muestran que estas Companias si tienen practicas definidas; y ademas, las recomiendan detallando sus casos de estudio como muestra de su efectividad. EnglishABSTRACT This work begins with the research question about design and architecture practices in Startups and it show a brief state of the art. The methodology used was the literature review and the results show us that these companies not only have incorporated this practices; and also recommend them detailing their case studies as a demonstration of their effectiveness.
Méthodes et défis du repérage d’images sur le Web : Jean et John cherchent-ils de la même manière ?

Nous faisons ici le point sur les principales methodes employees pour le reperage d’images numeriques que l’on trouve dans la majorite des sites et pages Web. Les methodes d’indexation manuelles et automatiques facilitant le reperage d’images sont egalement decrites. Nous nous attardons plus particulierement sur les problemes rencontres par les chercheurs d’images lors du reperage en contexte multilingue, c’est-a-dire lorsque la langue de la requete differe de la langue d’indexation. Le principal objectif de cette etude etait d’identifier les similarites et les differences dans la maniere de formuler les requetes de quatre groupes de participants de langue maternelle differente au moment du reperage d’images sur le Web. Nous avons demande a quatre groupes de dix participants de quatre communautes linguistiques differentes (francaise, anglaise, russe et chinoise) de preciser quelles categories de termes ils utilisent en general dans leurs requetes lors de la recherche d’images sur le Web. Les resultats de notre etude sur les comportements de recherche des chercheurs d’images de quatre communautes linguistiques differentes ont revele des differences significatives dans la maniere de chercher (nombre de requetes utilisees, longueur des requetes, attributs conceptuels et terminologiques contenus dans les requetes). Ces differences doivent etre prises en consideration au moment de l’elaboration des fonctionnalites de recherche proposees par les moteurs permettant la recherche d’images. En outre, la maniere de chercher des images varie en fonction de la langue maternelle du chercheur d’images. Le defi de l’acces aux images, peu importe leur mode d’indexation, reste entier.
A new approach to fuzzy identification for complex systems

In this paper, a simple but effective approach to the identification of fuzzy-rule based models for complex systems with input-output data is presented. The main features of the method are: 1) in the stage of input identification, we neither estimate the parameters of the fuzzy model nor determine the number of the fuzzy rules, which has the advantages of simplicity, flexibility, and reliability as compared with other methods; and 2) in order to achieve the desired identification accuracy with fewer rules, a special fuzzy-neural network (FNN) with a general membership function is used for modeling of systems. Since fuzzy c-means method is utilized to determine the proper structure of the FNN and to set the initial weights in advance, the network can be trained rapidly. Two examples of modeling are shown in this paper.
Shortest Path Finding Algorithm Using Ant Colony Optimization

Finding the shortest path in a road network is a well known problem. Various proven static algorithms such as Dijkstra are extensively evaluated and implemented. When confronted with dynamic costs, such as link travel time predictions, alternative route planning algorithms have to be applied. This paper applies Ant Colony Optimization to find the shortest path. In this paper, flowchart and algorithm have been developed for ants to search the food from source to destination by depositing pheromones using shortest path. Despite of this, we will introduce in more details a survey of the nowadays most important metaheuristics because ant colony optimization is considered as one of these new metaheuristics. We outline the different components and concepts that are used in the different metaheuristics in order to find the percentage of ants able to find the shortest path.
Design of a Low-Phase-Noise LC Voltage Controlled Oscillator

A novel low phase noise LC Voltage Controlled Oscillator (LC-VCO) is designed in standard 0. 18μm CMOS technology. Instead of common NMOS cross-pairs for a conventional complementary LC VCO, both body-biasing and Q-enhancement techniques are employed to provide a larger negative resistance for the VCO. Post-layout simulations showed that it can oscillate at a frequency range of 4.34-4.73GHz, and comsume a supply current of 1.52mA from a supply voltage of 1.8V. The VCO achieves a phase noise of -132.8dBc/Hz @ 1MHz offset and a figure of merit (FOM) of -195.9dBc/Hz at the frequency of 4.5GHz. A die area of 475μm×498. 6μm is occupied.
STUDI DAN IMPLEMENTASI NON BLIND WATERMARKING DENGAN METODE SPREAD SPECTRUM

Pada Tugas Akhir ini, dilakukan studi mengenai penerapan digital watermarking pada citra digital. Citra digital yang digunakan memiliki format JPEG. Dilakukan studi literatur untuk menunjang pemahaman mengenai penerapan tersebut. Selanjutnya, dilakukan proses implementasi terhadap hasil studi beserta analisis yang telah dibuat.
Generating Discourse Structures for Written Text

This paper presents a system for automatically generating discourse structures from written text. The system is divided into two levels: sentence-level and text-level. The sentence-level discourse parser uses syntactic information and cue phrases to segment sentences into elementary discourse units and to generate discourse structures of sentences. At the text-level, constraints about textual adjacency and textual organization are integrated in a beam search in order to generate best discourse structures. The experiments were done with documents from the RST Discourse Treebank. It shows promising results in a reasonable search space compared to the discourse trees generated by human analysts.
On-chip decoupling capacitor optimization using architectural level current signature prediction

Switching generated supply grid noise presents a potential obstacle to the reduction of supply voltage and resulting power. This paper presents a novel design technique for sizing and placing on-chip decoupling capacitors based on current signatures from the microarchitecture. Simulation of a typical processor workload (SPEC95) provides a realistic stimulation of microarchitecture elements that is coupled with a spatial power grid model. Evaluation of this technique on a typical microprocessor implementation (Alpha 21264) indicates this technique can produce up to a 15% improvement in maximum noise levels over a uniform decoupling capacitor placement strategy.
Machine Learning Algorithms for Improved Glaucoma Diagnosis

Primary open angle glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness in the world, constitutes a slow progressing condition characterized by damage to the optic nerve and retinal nerve fibre layer, and results in visual field defects afflicting the visual function. Highly specific and sensitive diagnostic tests able to detect the clinically significant glaucomatous changes in the structure of the nerve fiber layer and visual field are therefore required for the early detection and management of this disease. This thesis treats the application of advanced statistical techniques based on machine learning for automated classification of tests from visual field examinations and retinal nerve fibre measurements to detect glaucoma. Diagnostic performance of the applied machine learning classification algorithms was shown to depend primarily on the type of test information that was provided. Optimized parameters from standard automated perimetry tests and OCT measurements of the nerve fibre layer derived from statistical processing to highlight statistically significant functional and structural changes, led to improvements in diagnostic accuracy. Moreover, the combination of structural and functional test information through incorporation of a priori knowledge about the anatomical relationship of the retinal nerve fibre layer and the visual field further increased the diagnostic performance of the automated classification algorithms. Machine Learning Classifiers based on optimized test input data could become useful decision support tools for more accurate glaucoma diagnosis. (Less)
A SAS/IML Macro for Computing Percentage Points of Pearson Distributions

The Pearson distribution family provides approximations to a wide variety of observed distributions using the first four moments or the first three moments with a left or right boundary. Curve fitting utilizing Pearson distributions has been extensively applied in many fields. However, in practice, it is quite unwieldy to obtain percentage points of Pearson distributions when consulting the massive tables of Pearson and Hartley (1972) or using the out-of-date computer programs (Amos and Daniel'71; Bouver and Bargmann'74; Davis and Stephens'83). The present study compiled a convenient computer program for computing the percentage points using the contemporary SAS/IML (SAS Institute Inc. 2008) macro language.
Performance evaluation of a TDMA-based randomly addressed polling protocol for wireless LANs

A TDMA-based randomly addressed polling protocol (TRAP) is proposed. TRAP employs a variable-length TDMA-based contention stage with the length based on the number of active stations. Simulation results are presented that reveal the superiority of TRAP against the RAP protocol in cases of medium and high offered loads. Furthermore, the implementation of TRAP is much simpler than that of CDMA-based versions of RAP, since no extra hardware is needed for the orthogonal reception of the random addresses.
The Acquisition of Past Tense in English/Norwegian Bilingual Children Single versus Dual Mechanisms

In a study of three Norwegian/English bilingual siblings, their strategies for acquiring past tense of verbs in both languages were examined. Elicitation tests were performed in both languages and the children’s performance and error patterns were examined. These results were then compared to data from monolingual English and Norwegian speaking children. The results are discussed within the framework of the Single Mechanism Account Hypothesis, a Connectionist approach, and the Dual Mechanism Account Hypothesis, a Generative Approach. The current study suggests support for the Dual Mechanism Approach Hypothesis. It seems that the children in the current study did in fact create rules for past tense which they could apply by default.
Indirect anaphora: Testing the limits of corpus-based linguistics

This paper investigates indirect anaphora (IA) from a corpus-based linguistics (CBL) perspective. Indirect anaphora involves backward-pointing links between surface lexical items, such as demonstrative pronouns and objects, situations or concepts which are mentioned or hinted at in previous discourse, but which are not linguistically encoded as surface grammatical elements such as nouns or noun phrases. This paper reports an empirical study of three types of IA, namely labelling (Francis 1986, 1989, 1994), situation reference (Fraurud 1992, 1992a) and text/discourse deixis (Lyons 1977, Levinson 1983). Although the paper reveals some discernable patterns in the use of IA across different genres, the study ultimately points to the challenges of identifying hard and fast categories of IA in a corpus of real-life examples.
Individual Cognitive Styles of University Students and Acquisition of Spanish as a Foreign Language.

Varying methodological conditions changed the emphasis of Spanish instruction for 212 English-speaking university students. Evaluation of the cognitive style preferences of first semester students via the Myers-Briggs Type Inventory, Learning Styles Inventory, and a specially designed questionnaire produced a single cognitive preference score. The scores guided the filling of eight classes: two classes for students preferring whole language usage (gestalt style), two for students preferring grammar explanations (analytic style), and four mixed styles control classes. Each of four instructors taught one experimental emphasis class (either gestalt or analytic) and one control class, using the same curricular materials. Classes of students tested at the beginning and end of the semester showed differing improvement. Regression analysis significant at.05 or below and comparison of means indicate greater improvement in the experimental emphasis classes than in the control classes, supporting the hypothesis that students learn more when teaching style matches student cognitive style.
Virtual tutor support using SMARTHINKING: Preliminary findings

The University of New England (UNE) has been using a virtual tutoring service called SMARTHINKING since 2007. UNE explored the use of a 'virtual tutor service' to support distance education students in their academic development; to reduce attrition; and to provide academic support 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to all students with access to a computer irrespective of geographical location. A cascading selection of units across different disciplinary areas and cohorts of students were targeted for the virtual tutorial support service over 6 semesters to provide rich data. A survey consisting of 20 questions was developed and implemented at the end of each teaching period. Preliminary analysis of data indicates that SMARTHINKING appears to be making a difference to student learning outcomes. However, while uptake tends to be low in all cohorts but where students select to use the service they are positive about its effects.
The use of language tests in the service of policy: issues of validity

On examine dans cet article le role des tests de langue en tant qu’instruments politiques dans la societe contemporaine, et les questions de validite qui en decoulent. Sont abordees en contraste les approches uniquement centrees sur l’impartialite des tests dans une optique de validite plus large qui souleve des questions d’equite dans l’utilisation des tests. Le propos est illustre en reference au Cadre Europeen Commun de Reference pour les Langues, et aux tests utilises dans les procedures d’accreditation a un poste de travail, tels les tests de langue pour les pilotes et les controleurs aeriens et pour les professionnels de sante.
A Scalable Set of ESL Reading Comprehension Items.

Guttman implicational scaling techniques were used to identify a unidimensional set of English as a Second Language reading comprehension items. Data were analyzed from 202 students who sat for an institutional administration of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). The examinees who contributed to the scalable set had significantly higher TOEFL scores than those who didn't contribute to the scalable set. The distribution of native languages represented in the scalable pool was significantly different from the native language distribution of the entire sample. The scalable items had significantly fewer syllables in their question stems than the nonscalable items. The scalable item question taxonomy distribution deviated significantly from the question taxonomy distribution for all the items. The results are discussed in relation to the Linguistic Threshold Hypothesis, language transfer, capacity constrained comprehension, psycholinguistic processing approaches, universal grammar-, restructuring, and the Competition Model. (Contains 1 figure, 2 tables, and 41 references.) (Author/SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 1 A Scalable Set of ESL Reading Comprehension Items