Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Triple‐State Invisible Photonic Crystal Pattern Encrypted in Hollow‐Silica/Polyurethane Film for Anticounterfeiting Applications

the DMF solution of PU into the voids of h-SiO 2 PC by capillary force. Finally, h-SiO 2 /PU ﬁ lm was obtained after evaporating DMF at 90 (cid:3) C for 4 h. Printing Invisible Patterns on h-SiO 2 /PU Film : In a typical printing process, an adhesive mask with a hollowed pattern was ﬁ rst placed on the h-SiO 2 /PU PC ﬁ lm. HF solution (2.8%) was then spread onto the h-SiO 2 /PU ﬁ lm to accomplish etching in about 10 s. HF solution was immediately removed by washing with water and ethanol three times. Finally, invisible patterns on h-SiO 2 /PU ﬁ lm were prepared after removing the masks. Characterizations : The spatially resolved re ﬂ ection spectra (SRRS) were recorded by an Ocean Optics Maya 2000 Pro spectrometer coupled to a six-around-one re ﬂ ection probe. The optical microscopy (OM) images were obtained by an Olympus BXFM re ﬂ ection-type microscope that oper-ated in dark- ﬁ eld mode. The particle sizes and morphology were deter- mined by an FEI Tecnai G2 F30 TEM. The top-view and cross-sectional microstructure of the PCs were analyzed by Hitachi S4800 SEM. Nitrogen adsorption – desorption isotherms and Brunauer – Emmett – Teller (BET) surface areas were measured by a Belsorp-Max analyzer at 77 K.
The 3D graph approach for breakdown voltage calculation in BaTiO3 ceramics

After pioneering attempts for the introduction of graph theory in the field of ceramics and microstructures, where 1D and 2D graphs were used, in this paper we applied 3D graphs for the breakdown voltage calculation in BaTiO3 sample with some predefined constraints. We have described the relations between grains in the sample and established a mathematical approach for the calculation of breakdown voltage using experimental results. As a result, we introduced mapping between the property of sample and grain structure, then between the grain structure and mathematical graph, using various crystal structures. The main idea was to apply 3D graph theory for the distribution of electronic parameters between the neighboring grains. With this study, we successfully confirmed the possibilities for applications of graphs as a tool for the determination of properties even at the intergranular level.
The biological effects of surface dielectric barrier discharge on seed germination and plant growth with barley

Low temperature atmospheric pressure plasma has emerged as a very powerful technology to improve agricultural and food industries. Recently, various types of atmospheric pressure plasmas have applied to seed germination and plant growth. In this study, the barley (Hordeum vulgare) seeds have treated using a surface dielectric barrier discharge to investigate the biological effects on the seed germination, plant growth and functional metabolites. It was observed that the seed surface was cracked and eroded after plasma treatment, while the surface of non-treated seed was intact. The growth of plasma treated barley was increased by at the lowest 15% and at the highest 110% depending on plasma treatment duration, respectively. GABA content of plasma treated Saechal barley was slightly increased under no germination process, while DPPH activity was decreased at the same condition. Plasma may affect the biological effects on seed germination, plant growth, and changing of secondary metabolites through physical and chemical interactions, but it needs further experimental investigations and verified data to clarify their mechanisms.
Respostas na fisiologia da digestão ruminal ao uso de taninos na alimentação de ruminantes

The livestock activity in Brazil is basically represented by the pastoral system. However, climatic adversities promote a lack of uniformity in forage supply and quality, leading to greater intensification of production systems. The search for feeding alternatives aiming to improve animal performance has been the object of many researches, such as the use of forages adapted to certain environmental conditions. Generally, these plants may have compounds that alter animal production, either positively or negatively. These
Leaving the Dark Side? Insights Into the Evolution of Luciferases

Bioluminescence—i.e., the emission of visible light by living organisms—is defined as a biochemical reaction involving, at least, a luciferin substrate, an oxygen derivative, and a specialised luciferase enzyme. In some cases, the enzyme and the substrate are durably associated and form a photoprotein. While this terminology is educatively useful to explain bioluminescence, it gives a false idea that all luminous organisms are using identical or homologous molecular tools to achieve light emission. As usually observed in biology, reality is more complex. To date, at least 11 different luciferins have indeed been discovered, and several non-homologous luciferases lato sensu have been identified which, all together, confirms that bioluminescence emerged independently multiple times during the evolution of living organisms. While some phylogenetically related organisms may use non-homologous luciferases (e.g., at least four convergent luciferases are found in Pancrustacea), it has also been observed that phylogenetically distant organisms may use homologous luciferases (e.g., parallel evolution observed in some cnidarians, tunicates and echinoderms that are sharing a homologous luciferase-based system). The evolution of luciferases then appears puzzling. The present review takes stock of the diversity of known “bioluminescent proteins,” their evolution and potential evolutionary origins. A total of 134 luciferase and photoprotein sequences have been investigated (from 75 species and 11 phyla), and our analyses identified 12 distinct types—defined as a group of homologous bioluminescent proteins. The literature review indicated that genes coding for luciferases and photoproteins have potentially emerged as new genes or have been co-opted from ancestral non-luciferase/photoprotein genes. In this latter case, the homologous gene’s co-options may occur independently in phylogenetically distant organisms.
Effect of Increasing Zearalenone Levels on the Technologically Problematic Microorganisms and Food Risky Pathogens (in Vitro)

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different zearalenone (ZEA) concentrations (0, 10, 100, 250, 500, 1 000 µg/l) on growth of Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas fluorescens in milk. The samples were incubated for 6 days at 22 and 30 °C (B. cereus and S. aureus) or at 6.5 and 22 ℃ (P. fluorescens), respectively. Counts of bacteria in milk were measured every 24 hours. Maximum counts of B. cereus after 144 h of incubation at 30 ℃ ranged from 7.00 to 7.78 log CFU/ml. The most significant effect of ZEA on B. cereus across the experiment was observed after 96 h of incubation at 22 °C and after 72 h at 30 °C (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). S. aureus maintained at 30 °C showed similar growth parameters as at 22 ℃ regardless of ZEA presence. The most significant effects of ZEA on S. aureus were after 120 h of incubation at 22 °C and after 72 h at 30 °C (P < 0.001). The growth of P. fluorescence at 6.5 °C was slower compared to growth at 22 °C. The most significant effect of ZEA between ZEA spiked and Z0 samples on P. fluorescence across the experiment was observed after 48 hours of incubation at 22 °C (P < 0.001).
Recovering Infrastructure Public-Private Partnership Projects as Effective «Epinomic» Policy in Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic

The emergency conditions caused by the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 made the national governments the last resort, which was forced to bear all the financial costs associated with the lockdown in the national economy, with social support of the population and fiscal and monetary help to private firms which business was blocked. Lockdowns, publicly declared in countries around the world to stop the exponential growth of coronavirus-infected patients, have brought unprecedented losses in both human lives and national welfare. As a result, the coronavirus pandemic left two fundamental priorities for the state: (1) to stabilize the epidemiological situation in the country and (2) to reopen the economy in time after the lockdown. On this basis, the term "epinomics" was introduced, which assumes the primary public task to ensure the life and health of citizens, and only under this condition allows the possibility of economic recovery. In this case, the expansion of the practice of implementing public infrastructure projects on the basis of public-private partnership realizes the essence of the state’s epinomic strategy. Moreover, in the post-COVID-19 future, infrastructure projects can become an effective form of implementation of the UN “human-first” model, since they allow solving the immediate problems of ordinary citizens mostly affected in 2020. It is about the growth of employment, the provision of workforce wages, development of socially significant infrastructure, which contribution to the economic revival of countries can hardly be overestimated. At the same time, the government through public-private partnership gets the opportunity to directly broadcast to society the results of the effectiveness of its epinomic strategy in stabilizing the epidemiological situation and reopening the economy after the lockdown.
Mercury levels in Oryza sativa cultivated in Philippine small-scale mining villages

Abstract Soil physico-chemical parameters and total mercury concentrations were measured in soil and rice plant samples collected over a cropping period grown in areas near mine tailings ponds in two Philippine small-scale mining (SSM) communities. Step-wise regression analysis relating environmental parameters to Hg uptake showed that pH has a highly significant effect on Hg content in the samples (p < 0.001) while temperature, contrary to previous studies, had no significant effect. The mean total Hg concentrations appeared to be significantly lower in rice plant parts sampled in control sites than in the contaminated sites in both SSM communities: 0.020 and 2.832 mg/kg, respectively in Aroroy, Masbate and 0.004 and 0.016 mg/kg, respectively in Fidelisan, Sagada. Harvested rice grains from the Masbate sampling sites further revealed total Hg concentration at 0.1331 mg/kg, exceeding the maximum permissible limit of 0.02 mg/kg Hg contamination. The study shows that Hg use in SSM activities and the cumulative effects of prolonged exposure to the metal through regular consumption of the village-cultivated rice may put the local residents at risk of health problems related to mercury.
Recent Advances in the Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surfaces

As one of the most important parts in the surface and interface science, superhydrophobic surfaces play a significant role in both the fundamental research of functional materials and various applications. Therefore, this research field attracts more and more researchers’ attention from all over the world. In the past decades, a large number of biomimetic functional superhydrophobic surfaces have been fabricated inspired from the natural superhydrophobic phenomenon. In this paper, we reviewed the recent advances in the research field of superhydrophobic surfaces, mainly including basic principles, fabrication methods, and applications three aspects. In order to facilitate the comparison, fabrication methods have been divided into three classes at first: coating methods, deposition methods, and the method of direct reproduce (template method). Further, each method is subdivided into several more specific sections such as coatings covering self-assembly coating, grafting coating, electrodeposition, electrol.
Determinants of global coffee trade: Do RTAs matter? Gravity model analysis

Abstract This study investigates the patterns of global coffee trade flows and identifies the major determinants of global coffee trade by incorporating RTAs as important variable. Gravity modeling with OLS and PPML estimator was employed for the analysis using panel data on bilateral coffee trade flows of 18 major coffee exporters and 201 trading partners for the period 2001–2015. Both exporter GDP (and population) as well as importer GDP were found to be important determinants enhancing coffee trade. Of the bilateral distance variables, physical distance is found to impede coffee trade, while common border was found to enhance it. On the other hand, cultural (distance) variables like colonial link, common colonizer and common language were also found to enhance coffee trade. Other variables that were found to significantly enhance coffee trade include depreciation in exporting country’s exchange rate, the amount of arable land in exporting country, infrastructure and global financial crisis. On the other hand, importing country tariff was found to significantly reduce coffee trade as expected. Surprisingly, the RTA variable had no significant impact on coffee bilateral trade.
A Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation of Pneumatic Atomization, Aerosol Transport, and Deposition in Aerosol Jet Printing Process

Aerosol jet printing (AJP) is a direct-write additive manufacturing technique, which has emerged as a high-resolution method for the fabrication of a broad spectrum of electronic devices. Despite the advantages and critical applications of AJP in the printed-electronics industry, AJP process is intrinsically unstable, complex, and prone to unexpected gradual drifts, which adversely affect the morphology and consequently the functional performance of a printed electronic device. Therefore, in situ process monitoring and control in AJP is an inevitable need. In this respect, in addition to experimental characterization of the AJP process, physical models would be required to explain the underlying aerodynamic phenomena in AJP. The goal of this research work is to establish a physics-based computational platform for prediction of aerosol flow regimes and ultimately, physics-driven control of the AJP process. In pursuit of this goal, the objective is to forward a three-dimensional (3D) compressible, turbulent, multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to investigate the aerodynamics behind: (i) aerosol generation, (ii) aerosol transport, and (iii) aerosol deposition on a moving free surface in the AJP process. The complex geometries of the deposition head as well as the pneumatic atomizer were modeled in the ansys-fluent environment, based on patented designs in addition to accurate measurements, obtained from 3D X-ray micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) imaging. The entire volume of the constructed geometries was subsequently meshed using a mixture of smooth and soft quadrilateral elements, with consideration of layers of inflation to obtain an accurate solution near the walls. A combined approach, based on the density-based and pressure-based Navier–Stokes formation, was adopted to obtain steady-state solutions and to bring the conservation imbalances below a specified linearization tolerance (i.e., 10−6). Turbulence was modeled using the realizable k-ε viscous model with scalable wall functions. A coupled two-phase flow model was, in addition, set up to track a large number of injected particles. The boundary conditions of the CFD model were defined based on experimental sensor data, recorded from the AJP control system. The accuracy of the model was validated using a factorial experiment, composed of AJ-deposition of a silver nanoparticle ink on a polyimide substrate. The outcomes of this study pave the way for the implementation of physics-driven in situ monitoring and control of AJP.
WOOD DECAY CHARACTERIZATION OF A NATURALLY- INFECTED OAK WOOD BRIDGE USING PY-GC/MS

Decayed-wood samples were collected from a naturally-infected bridge made of Quercus robur. Fruit-bodies of the white-rot basidiomycetes Hymenochaete rubiginosa and Stereum hirsutum were identified. Presence of Fuscoporia ferrea and Mycena galericulata was analysed by rDNAITS sequencing. The degradation patterns was studied by analytical pyrolysis combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Relative peak areas were calculated for pyrolysis products arising from carbohydrates and lignin. The pyrograms of control and decayed wood showed the same degradation products but with different quantities. The lignin/ carbohydrate ratio increased, whereas the lignin syringyl/guaiacyl ratio decreased. This was due to the preferential degradation of the carbohydrates and syringylpropanoid structures.
An overview of key optical communications technologies under development at the NASA Glenn Research Center

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is continuously working in furthering its space and aero communications capabilities required for the successful accomplishment of its aerospace missions. With the ever present demand for higher communication data rates and larger bandwidth required by future space exploration missions, optimization of the communications systems supporting such missions is necessary to ensure that critical scientific data and high definition video and imagery of human and robotic exploration is properly transmitted back to Earth. In the aeronautics side, the envisioned increase in aircraft volumes under the Urban Air Mobility (UAM) and Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) ecosystems could benefit from communications capabilities impervious to interference and free from spectrum limitations constraints. This work discusses examples of GRC’s ongoing technology development and integration efforts relevant to the aforementioned scenarios. In particular, the ability to increase the versatility, affordability, and reliability of ground-based optical receivers for space-to-ground communications will be presented. Our current activities on the development of highly secure airborne laser communications links augmented with Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) will also be discussed, as well as scenarios in which optical communications could be beneficial to UAM/AAM. The status of efforts in quantum communications, high rate optical networks, and on the development of current efforts to demonstrate integrated Radio/optical communications (iROC) will also be addressed.
The Influence of Contemporary College Students' Makeup Behavior on Subjective Well-Being: The Intermediary Role of Appearance Anxiety

Objective: To explore the influence of contemporary college students' makeup behavior on subjective well-being. The intermediary role of appearance anxiety. Method: A survey of 344 college students was conducted using the appearance anxiety scale, makeup behavior questionnaire, and subjective well-being scale. Results: Make-up behavior, appearance anxiety, and subjective well-being were positively related, the more anxious people are about appearance, the more frequent the makeup behavior, and the higher the subjective well-being, subjective well-being is enhanced after the completion of Make-up behavior, but because of the expectation of being praised by the outside world and causing another nature of appearance anxiety. Conclusion: Make-up behavior, appearance anxiety, and subjective well-being are positively correlated, that is, the higher the degree of anxiety about appearance, the more frequent make-up behavior, the higher the requirements. The increase in make-up behavior will lead to more appearance anxiety, but this anxiety can improve subjective well-being may be due to a higher level of social comparison. In other words, when individuals expect to be praised or appreciated by the outside world, they will be more alert to their appearance, which may lead to another nature of appearance anxiety, when their appearance is recognized or better than the previous level of appearance. That is, benefit from make-up behavior, resulting in happiness.
Effects of graphene with different sizes as conductive additives on the electrochemical performance of a LiFePO4 cathode

This paper aims to demonstrate whether graphene nanosheets (GN) with different sizes as conductive additives are able to affect the electrochemical performance of a LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode. The results of electrochemical measurements present that graphene nanosheets (GN) and Super-P (SP) used as conductive additives simultaneously could construct an effective electronic conducting network and achieve excellent electrochemical performance when compared with traditional carbon materials. A LFP with small-size GN shows better specific capacity and rate performance than those with medium-size and large-size GN, and the LFP with large-size GN displays a poor rate performance. The results indicate that the specific capacity and rate performance tend to worsen with the increase of the size of graphene, owing to the length of the lithium ion transport path being prolonged and the ionic conductivity decreasing greatly by the “barrier effect” of graphene.
Free Radicals Scavenging and Protein Protective Property of Ocimum sanctum (L)

Ocimum sanctum (L) is a well-known herbal plant used for the treatment of bronchitis, malaria, diarrhea, dysentery, skin disease, arthritis, eye diseases, insect bites. It is proposed to have anticancer, antidiabetic, antifungal, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, analgesic and antispasmodic action. In our present study, we have tried to explore its antioxidant, free radical scavenging and its ability to prevent damage to protein from free radicals. The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of Ocimum sanctum leaves was determined using ferric thiocyanate, thiobarbituric Acid, 2, 2-diphenyl-1–picrylhydrazyl, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging methods. Further, its protein protective property was evaluated using UVVis spectrophotometer methods. The results of ferric thiocyanate and 2, 2-diphenyl1–picrylhydrazyl methods were determined that O. sanctum have strong antioxidant activity (92.12 %) and free radicals scavenging property (50.74 %) respectively. Further, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging methods determined that extracts (100 μg/ml) have hydrogen peroxide (20.12 %), hydroxyl radicals (12.68 %) and superoxide radicals (21.68 %) scavenging activity respectively. Hemoglobin is a standard protein which was damaged by hydrogen peroxide treatment and this damage was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The extract showed the significant pre and post protein protective action against hydrogen peroxide induced hemoglobin damage. Thus the study concluded that O. sanctum leaves have strong antioxidant, free radicals scavenging and pre and post proteins protective property.
Consensus of general linear multi-agent systems based on second-order neighbours' information: directed topology case

For a general linear multi-agent system (MAS) with directed communication topology, based on second-order neighbours' information, we establish its consensus criteria under intermittent control, which is more difficult to study due to the fact that the Laplacian matrix corresponding to the directed topology is an asymmetric matrix. In our study, both the weights of first-order and second-order neighbours need to be designed as parameters. Using switched system theory and Lyapunov function method, we prove that the intermittent control protocol based on second-order neighbours' information can make MASs achieve consensus faster than the common intermittent control protocol under certain conditions. Furthermore, we extend the results from MASs without leader to MASs with leader. Finally, numerical examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of our results.