Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of strong motion distribution in the 1995 Kobe earthquake based on building damage data

The 1995 Kobe earthquake caused unprecedented damage to buildings and civil infrastructures in the city of Kobe and its surrounding areas. In order to evaluate the structural damage in this area due to the earthquake, it is important to estimate the distribution of earthquake ground motion. However, since the number of strong ground motion records is not enough in the heavily damaged areas, it is necessary to estimate the distribution using other data sources. In this paper, the fragility curves for low‐rise residential buildings were constructed using the recorded motions and the building damage data from the intensive field survey by the AIJ and CPIJ group. The fragility curves obtained were then employed to estimate the strong motion distribution in the district level for Kobe and the surrounding areas during the earthquake. The results may be useful to investigate the various damages caused by the earthquake. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of aluminium hydroxide loading on the compression stress and modulus, thermal conductivity and acoustic properties of palm-based polyurethane hybrid composite

The effect of adding aluminum hydroxide (ATH) in the palm-based polyurethane hybrid composite was studied. The compression stress and modulus, thermal conductivity and acoustic property were determined. The hybrid composite was prepared by adding 10 wt% of oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre (EFB) followed by ATH at varying amount of 2, 4 and 6 wt% of the overall mass of the resin. The compression stress and modulus gave the highest values of 575 kPa and 2301 kPa, respectively at 2 wt% ATH. At 4 wt% ATH, the compression stress and modulus decreased to 431 kPa and 1659 kPa, respectively and further decreased at 6 wt% ATH to 339 kPa and 1468 kPa respectively. The k-value increased with the increment of the ATH loading exhibited a poor thermal conductivity. Sound absorption analysis indicated that the absorption coefficient was higher at higher frequency (4000 Hz) for all samples with PU-EFB/ATH with 4% ATH showed the highest absorption coefficient.
Efficacy study of embedded binaural beats in gamma brainwave synchronization

Electrical impulses and chemical activities in human brain generate brain waves at frequency domains ranging between 0.5 Hz and 100 Hz that characterize different mental states. The states of attention and focus can be traced to areas within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the brain at gamma brainwave frequencies of about 40 Hz and above. The cerebral brain cells can be synchronized to a desired frequency by externally stimulating the cells using acoustical means such as binaural beats (BB). Exposure to pure beats can be annoying and stressful to the listener. BB signals embedded in a background audio could provide better listening comfort to the subject. This paper presents a study on the efficacy of embedded BB in gamma-domain brainwave synchronization. Electroencephalograph signals indicative of the auditory evoked potential (AEP) on test subjects due to resonance of the PFC with the induced aural stimuli are measured. It is observed that the BB signals masked in an audio background give AEP values that are on average 92% similar to that generated by pure BB. The results indicate that the embedded BB has an effect comparable to pure BB on the AEP measured at selected PFC locations at the 40 Hz gamma frequency.
INTEGRATION OF 3D MODEL FROM UAV SURVEY IN BIM ENVIRONMENT

Abstract. Relevant cultural heritage buildings have been subject to numerous maintenance interventions over the years. Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology is already part of the construction industry especially in the design phase and is considered as a very useful tool. From a survey with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), using photogrammetry is possible to determine characteristics such as sizes and shape object, volumes, areas, distances, elevations and furthermore the reconstruction of high-quality model. A whole integration between the two methods will be a “game changer” for the construction sector. Moreover, old buildings have complex architecture, with high and particular details that today's BIM software’s aren’t able to perfectly represent today.In this paper, we present a methodology to integrate into BIM environment a 3D reconstruction as-built drawings of an old church using photogrammetric techniques, in order to find a solution to reproduce the complex details present in ancient buildings.
The Relationship between education costs and research and development costs of top companies in Kerman province of Iran

Firms that invest in R&D and at the same time in worker skills (on-the-job training) expected to be more successful in innovation. In competitive world many companies are trying to get good success between their rivals. Companies owners wants to optimize their cost and manage it to achieve to proper level of cost and expenses. One of important factors for analyze the business success is training and its effects on company outputs, many companies are aware from the positive effects of this important parameter and try to use training benefits in their business. Also R&D units are important units in companies and many of them have high concentration on their efforts and performance. In this research we have investigated on 31 companies in Kerman province of Iran that selected as a top industrial units in 2015.we want analyses the relation between job training cost and R&D cost. For this aim we used correlation analyses to calculate the correlation Coefficient. our findings confirm that R&D is more effective when firms have more skilled personnel due to investment in workers training. That is, training reinforces the effect of R&D on the likelihood of innovating, and it may even induce some firms to become innovative.
Groundwater flow in heterogeneous composite aquifers

We introduce a stochastic model of flow through highly heterogeneous, composite porous media that greatly improves estimates of pressure head statistics. Composite porous media consist of disjoint blocks of permeable materials, each block comprising a single material type. Within a composite medium, hydraulic conductivity can be represented through a pair of random processes: (1) a boundary process that determines block arrangement and extent and (2) a stationary process that defines conductivity within a given block. We obtain second‐order statistics for hydraulic conductivity in the composite model and then contrast them with statistics obtained from a standard univariate model that ignores the boundary process and treats a composite medium as if it were statistically homogeneous. Next, we develop perturbation expansions for the first two moments of head and contrast them with expansions based on the homogeneous approximation. In most cases the bivariate model leads to much sharper perturbation approximations than does the usual model of flow through an undifferentiated material when both are applied to highly heterogeneous media. We make this statement precise. We illustrate the composite model with examples of one‐dimensional flows which are interesting in their own right and which allow us to compare the accuracy of perturbation approximations of head statistics to exact analytical solutions. We also show the boundary process of our bivariate model is equivalent to the indicator functions often used to represent composite media in Monte Carlo simulations.
A Preliminary Study on Evaluation of Interpersonal Relationships between a Child with Severe Multi-handicap and a Teacher in the Teaching Situation

Although the importance of good teacher-child relationships or rapport has been emphasized previously in the teaching of children with language and communication disorders, little effort has been made to analyze and evaluate the structure of these relationships. In the present study, a preliminary evaluation of the interpersonal relationship between a child with severe multi-handicap and a teacher in a teaching situation was made. The relationship was defined as an encoding ("feeling" and "expression") and decoding ("perception" and "interpretation") process in the teacher-child interaction and was based on previous research by Tickle-Degnen and Rosenthal (1992). In this preliminary study, focus was only on the encoding process and the relationship between the teacher's subjective impression of the teaching interaction with the child (that is, the "feeling" process) and the corresponding behavioral aspects of teacher and child (that is, the "expression" process). Teaching sessions analyzed aimed to promote development of the child's motor skills. Teaching interactions between the teacher and the child in each session were videotaped and classified into three categories ( Positive, Negative and Neutral) according to the teacher's self-reports about impressions of the interaction with the child (that is, the teacher's "feeling" process). The Positive interaction was defined as an interaction in which the teacher felt smoothness (unimpeded/ relaxed/ satisfied) in teaching the child and a good relationship was presumed to have been established. The Negative interaction, on the other hand, was defined as an interaction in which the teacher had difficulty in teaching the child and a good relationship was presumed to have not been established. The behaviors of both the teacher and child in each type of interaction (Positive or Negative) were systematically observed (partial interval recording/ 1 interval = 1 second) and further analyzed by utilizing lag sequential analysis. Differences in behavioral aspects (that is, the "expression" process) between the Positive and Negative interactions were found in (1) the content of the behaviors exhibited and their frequencies (expressed as a percentage), (2) the relationship and direction of behaviors, and (3) the timing of behaviors. The relationship between the "feeling" and "expression" process was discussed taking into consideration these three points.
Inflation Differentials and the Differences of Monetary Policy Effects among Euro Area Countries

The purpose of this paper is to investigate (i) at first, whether there exists persistent inflation differentials among euro area countries, namely, whether inflation rates among euro area courtiers have converged or not, (ii) next, if there exist persistent inflation differentials among euro area countries, we will investigate the causes of the inflation differentials, especially, we focus on the inflation persistence components (backward-looking price setting behavior) or cyclical components (output gap), (iii) at last, if the causes of inflation are different among countries, whether these differences lead to different effects of monetary policy has. We find that (i) overall euro area inflation rates are in a process of convergence, but cross-country dispersion in inflation rates across countries has not been eliminated, (ii) the differences in the inflation persistence and the sensitivity of inflation to cyclical components would contribute to the inflation differentials among euro area countries, (iii) there exist the differences in monetary policy effects among these countries, which are consistent with the differences of inflation persistence and sensitivity of inflation to cyclical components across countries.
User Identification and Key Regeneration System Employing Rotated Reference Images of the Iris

A new test called rotation search is proposed for user identification and cryptographic key regeneration in systems employing a digital representation of the iris which is called the iris code. When applied to the BIOSECURE, CASIA and NIST-ICE data bases the rotation search shows, on average, a two fold reduction in false rejection ratio (FRR) with a false acceptance ratio (FAR) equal to zero, in comparison with the standard search employed in other systems. The highest improvement reached in FRR by the rotation search against the standard search is about 100 times for a single iris and 85 times for the two irises of a user, and in many cases the measured FRR is equal to zero.
The Factor Influencing Brand Loyalty in Fashion Industry among Generation Y in Malaysia

Brand loyalty has place at the middle of the both marketing theory and the practice since it is the origin of the revenue. The revenue usually get it from the customer feedback, price premiums, increased in sales, higher balance, and the cut operating costs. The reason or gap to study this research is to analyze the factors that influence brand loyalty to fashion industry. The finding of this study not only improving the understanding of the different factors in increase the brand loyalty for the brand, but also help in market segment and formulate appropriate customer retention policies that are more cost-effective than others. The main objective of this research is to investigate the factors that influence brand loyalty in fashion industry in Malaysia. The purpose existence, it will provide certain procedures or else guidelines to the researcher to resolve the problematic that get up in the issue deliberated. These results might be a proof for future researchers or the surveyor.
Prokaryotic diversity: Unusual micro-organisms from unusual habitats: hypersaline environments

Thomas D. Brock defined extreme environments, considering that there are environments with high species diversity and others with low species diversity. Those environments with low species diversity, in which whole taxonomic groups are missing, are called ‘extreme’ (Brock, 1979). It is not easy to find a definition that is completely acceptable for all environments that are considered as extreme, but we observe that in some habitats environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, pressure, nutrients or saline concentrations are extremely high or low and that only limited numbers of species (that may grow at high cell densities) are well adapted to those conditions.
Poyrazlar Gölü (Sakarya) Fitoplanktonunun Tür Kompozisyonu

The aim of this study is to determine the phytoplankton composition of Poyrazlar Lake. The phytoplankton of the Poyrazlar Lake was investigated between April 2011 and March 20012. Samples were taken monthly from 3 sampling stations. A total of 120 taxa belonging to 7 divisions have been identified, including Chlorophyta (46 taxa), Ochrophyta (33 taxa), Euglenozoa (14 taxa), Charophyta (10 taxa), Cyanobacteria (9 taxa), Cryptophyta (4 taxa) and Dinophyta (4 taxa). Chlorophyta and Ochrophyta were dominant groups in terms of species composition. Most of the species are characterized by their widespread presence, although some taxa are rarely found in Turkey.
INNOVATION MODEL FOR BRAZILIAN SMALL AND MEDIUM TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENTERPRISES

This paper aims to propose an innovation model for Brazilian small and medium technology-based enterprises. The methodological approach used was the qualitative multiple case study. The data collection instrument used was the semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs and analysis occurred for each case and then making a comparison between the cases in search of similarities and differences leading to the formation of valid results. Seven Brazilian companies located in Metropolitan Region of Paraiba Valley and North Coast – Sao Paulo State, Brazil, composed the sample. With the results, it can be said that Brazilian small and medium technology-based enterprises do not innovate alone, but in the context of networking system with university, research centers and several companies. Thereby, technological innovation is an ongoing collaborative process involving the activities of management, coordination, learning and negotiation, research about customer needs, skills acquisition and new product development management. Finally, it was possible to draw up an integrative innovation model that explain how occurs the process of innovation in the companies that composed the sample. The model consists of four main phases that are the generation and dissemination of ideas; the viability of the idea; development, prototyping, production scale and marketing; and learning.
Unravelling migratory connectivity in marine turtles using multiple methods

Summary 1. Comprehensive knowledge of the fundamental spatial ecology of marine species is critical to allow the identification of key habitats and the likely sources of anthropogenic threats, thus informing effective conservation strategies. 2. Research on migratory marine vertebrates has lagged behind many similar terrestrial animal groups, but studies using electronic tagging systems and molecular techniques offer great insights. 3. Marine turtles have complex life history patterns, spanning wide spatio-temporal scales. As a result of this multidimensional complexity, and despite extensive effort, there are no populations for which a truly holistic understanding of the spatial aspects of the life history has been attained. There is a particular lack of information regarding the distribution and habitats utilized during the first few years of life. 4. We used satellite tracking technology to track individual turtles following nesting at the green
Impacts of stratospheric sulfate geoengineering on tropospheric ozone

Abstract. A range of solar radiation management (SRM) techniques has been proposed to counter anthropogenic climate change. Here, we examine the potential effects of stratospheric sulfate aerosols and solar insolation reduction on tropospheric ozone and ozone at Earth's surface. Ozone is a key air pollutant, which can produce respiratory diseases and crop damage. Using a version of the Community Earth System Model from the National Center for Atmospheric Research that includes comprehensive tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry, we model both stratospheric sulfur injection and solar irradiance reduction schemes, with the aim of achieving equal levels of surface cooling relative to the Representative Concentration Pathway 6.0 scenario. This allows us to compare the impacts of sulfate aerosols and solar dimming on atmospheric ozone concentrations. Despite nearly identical global mean surface temperatures for the two SRM approaches, solar insolation reduction increases global average surface ozone concentrations, while sulfate injection decreases it. A fundamental difference between the two geoengineering schemes is the importance of heterogeneous reactions in the photochemical ozone balance with larger stratospheric sulfate abundance, resulting in increased ozone depletion in mid- and high latitudes. This reduces the net transport of stratospheric ozone into the troposphere and thus is a key driver of the overall decrease in surface ozone. At the same time, the change in stratospheric ozone alters the tropospheric photochemical environment due to enhanced ultraviolet radiation. A shared factor among both SRM scenarios is decreased chemical ozone loss due to reduced tropospheric humidity. Under insolation reduction, this is the dominant factor giving rise to the global surface ozone increase. Regionally, both surface ozone increases and decreases are found for both scenarios; that is, SRM would affect regions of the world differently in terms of air pollution. In conclusion, surface ozone and tropospheric chemistry would likely be affected by SRM, but the overall effect is strongly dependent on the SRM scheme. Due to the health and economic impacts of surface ozone, all these impacts should be taken into account in evaluations of possible consequences of SRM.
Antimicrobial Activity of Lavandulla pubescens Essential Oil From Two Places In Yemen

The present work aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils of two different places of similar Lavandulla pubescens (Taiz and Ibb). The antimicrobial properties of essential oils obtained from L. pubescens ( Taiz) and L. pubescens ( Ibb) were examined. To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activities of these tow aromatic extracts; their in vitro antimicrobial activities were determined by disk diffusion testing. Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Micrococcus luteus (ATCC 9341), Stapylococcusaureus (ATCC 6538), Streptococcus pyogens (ATCC 10541), Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739), Pseudomonasaeruginosa (ATCC25619) , Salmonella abony (ATCC 6017), Bifidobacteriumbifidum (EMCC 1334), and Lactobacillus acidophilus ( EMCC 1324), were used as standard test bacterial strains, while Aspergillus flavus ,Aspergillus fumigatus , Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404) and Candida albicans (ATCC 2019) were used as standard test fungal strains. both L. pubescens ( Taiz) and L. pubescens ( Ibb) recorded higher antimicrobial activity against all test microorganisms at their high level (15µl), and were no activity against P. eruginosa , with lowest activity against all fungal strain tested at low level( 0.6µl). The essential oils considered in this research showed a satisfactory antimicrobial activity. The essential oils could be used for the development of novel systems for food preservation.
STUDY ON NEEM SEED HUSK ASH AS REPLACEMENT MATERIALFOR CEMENT

Partial replacements of constituents of concrete have been the recent developments in the field of Civil Engineering and materials research. Neem Seed Husk Ash is partially replaced with the cementing material and the strength criteria are monitored and compared with the conventional ones to prove the effectiveness of the utilization of the replacement material. The properties of the M30 grade of concrete partially replaced with Neem Seed Husk Ash (NSHA) are studied experimentally, and the variations in strength are monitored. The compressive strength of the NSHA concrete increased with age but decreases with the increase in the proportion in the ash to cement. The setting time and workability of the NSHA concrete decreased as the replacement level of the Neem seed husk ash to cement increased with the different percentage of NSHA and combination of NSHA with suitable proportions of superplasticizers. Even though NSHA in concrete shows an increase in strength in the previous studies, and the results obtained from the NSHA concrete in this experimental investigation indicated a reduced compressive strength.
Strategies of Emotion Regulation in Students - Future Human Relations Professionals

In the presented study, selected emotion regulation (ER) strategies were designed in accordance with Gross and Thompson’s model. Students of primary education (n = 116), social pedagogy (n = 72) and preschool education (n = 54) - future human relations professionals - assessed the frequency of the use and efficiency of these ER strategies. Students use various ER strategies, the most frequent and efficient being physical activation and social support, and the least frequent and efficient being substance use. Correlations between the use and efficiency of ER strategies within the groups of students are mostly moderately high or high. There are only a few differences between the student groups in terms of perception of the use and efficiency of ER strategies.
COEXISTENCE OF IEEE 802.15.4 WITH IEEE 802.11b

The recurrent collocation of IEEE 802.15. 4 Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and IEEE 802.11b Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) consequence in coexistence issues, as these networks share the same 2.4GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band. As a result, their performance may degrade. We have proposed a coexistence model of IEEE 802.15. 4 and IEEE 802.11b networks, which attend to their coexistence behavior and explain their coexistence performance. The packet error rate (PER) of the IEEE 802.15. 4 under the interference of the IEEE 802.11b is taken as a foremost performance measure , and is obtained from the bit error rate (BER). The signal to noise and interference ratio is used to calculate the BER. The minimum distance between IEEE 802.15. 4 and IEEE 802.11b is observed from the PER. Throughput, average end-end delay and average jitter is used as performance measures to analyze the performance of IEEE802.15. The methodical results are validated for various topologies with and without mobility model using Qualnet 4.5 simulation.