Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selenium Content and Antioxidant Potential of Some Edible Wild Mushrooms from Bandundu Area, DR Congo

Nutrition is an important aspect of public health because it is linked to many significant diseases and health problems. This work is part of the promotion of traditional foods from the Democratic Republic of Congo in general and in the province of Bandundu, in particular by assessing the selenium content and the antioxidant capacity of wild edible mushrooms. Methanolic extracts from selected mushrooms were characterized for their chemical fingerprint by TLC and their in vitro antioxidant activities using ABTS, DPPH assays. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, free amines, steroids and terpenes in all species. However, Auricularia delicata and Pleurotus tuberregium contain flavonoids. All extracts displayed a good radical-scavenging activity at the concentration range 1 - 300 μg/mL in the following order: Auricularia delicata > Lentinus cf cladopus > Pleurotus tuberregium > Marasmius buzungolo > Schizophillum commune. Studied mushrooms showed the interest quantity of selenium and L. cf cladodus had the highest concentration. Moderate selenium content of these wild mushrooms associated with their important antioxidant activities could provide health benefits to Bandundu’s populations in protecting against oxidative damage under different conditions including konzo.
The evolution of functionally novel proteins after gene duplication

A widely cited model of the evolution of functionally novel proteins (here called the model of mutation during non-functionality (MDN model)) holds that, after gene duplication, one gene copy is redundant and free to accumulate substitutions at random. By chance, some of these substitutions may suit the protein encoded by such a non-functional gene to a new function, which it can subsequently assume. Several lines of evidence contradict this hypothesis: (i) comparison of expressed duplicate genes from the tetraploid frog Xenopus laevis suggests that such genes are subject to purifying selection and are thus not free to accumulate substitutions at random; (ii) in a number of multi-gene families, there is now evidence that functionally distinct proteins have arisen not as a result of chance fixation of neutral variants but rather as a result of positive Darwinian selection; and (iii) the phenomenon of gene sharing, in which a single gene encodes a protein having two distinct functions, shows that gene duplication is not a necessary prerequisite to the evolution of a new protein function. A model for the evolution of new protein is proposed under which a period of gene sharing ordinarily precedes the evolution of functionally distinct proteins. Gene duplication then allows each daughter gene to specialize for one of the functions of the ancestral gene. However, if the ancestral gene is not bifunctional, either of the following two outcomes is expected to follow gene duplication: (i) one copy will be silenced by a mutation preventing expression; or (ii) if both copies continue to be expressed, both will be subject to purifying selection, as a high proportion of non-synonymous mutations will have a completely or partly dominant deleterious effect.
Purification and properties of coliphage 21 repressor.

Repressor from the lambdoid phage 21 has been purified. It specifically binds to Aimm21 and P22 DNA. Kinetics of the binding reaction to Aimm21 DNA are second-order, suggesting that the rate-limiting step is the formation of a dimer. Genetic regulation in bacteria and their phages is generally mediated by soluble proteins which interact with the DNA to either stimulate or repress transcrip- tion of the operons for which they are specific. These specific DNA-protein interactions generally occur at sites, known as operators or initiators, located at the proximal end of the operons. As yet little is under- stood of how these regulatory proteins interact with their target sites on the DNA and relatively few of these proteins have been purified. In lysogens of the temperate bacteriophages, the prophage state is maintained by interactions within the prophage genome between repressor and two operators flanking the repressor gene. When bound at the operators, repressor prevents transcription of the lytic phage operons. Repressor, which is diffusible in the cytoplasm, also prevents the expression of super- infecting phage genomes of the same specificity. A lysogen is thus said to be immune to superinfection by a homo-immune phage. Phage P22, which normally grows on Salmonella typhimurium, has recently been shown to have the same immunity as the coliphage 21 or Aimm21 (a hybrid between phage
Effects of hepatocyte growth factor-mediated activation of Dll4-Notch-Hey2 signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) treats ischemic disease by promoting arteriogenesis, however, its mechanism of action is not known. The notch signaling pathway plays an important role in neovascularization. The relationship between the proliferation and migration ability of artery endothelial cells and the Dll4-Notch-Hey2 signaling pathway in the process of arteriogenesis was investigated as a mechanism of action of HGF. METHODS Based on the prophase study cells and supernatant were harvested at the indicated time after human femoral artery endothelial cells (HFAECs) were infected with adenovirus-HGF (Ad-HGF) at 200 pfu/cell. Cells were analyzed for HGF expression and Notch1, Dll4 and Hey2 expression by ELISA and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). The changes in the proliferation and migration ability of HFAECs were observed by MTT and Transwell migration experiments. Ad-GFP-infected HFAECs were used as control. RESULTS Compared with the control group the Ad-HGF group's HGF expression was not increased with time, and the induction by HGF of Notch1, Dll4 and Hey2 gene transcription was not enhanced with an increase of HGF. The proliferation ability of Ad-HGF-transduced HFAECs was enhanced and their migration ability was also enhanced in the presence of HGF. CONCLUSIONS Through activating the Dll4-Notch-Hey2 signaling pathway, HGF indirectly promotes the proliferation and migration ability of cells, so that offspring artery branches are formed.
Molecular analysis and epidemiology of the Dr hemagglutinin of uropathogenic Escherichia coli

The genetic organization and epidemiology of Dr hemagglutinin was studied. Plasmids derived from pBJN406 and carrying transposon inserts were analyzed for their abilities to confer the mannose-resistant hemagglutination phenotype and expression of plasmid-encoded proteins. The 6.6-kilobase DNA fragment expressed five polypeptides with molecular masses of 15.5, 5, 18, 90, and 32 kilodaltons encoded by the draA, draB, draC, draD, and draE genes, respectively. Four genes, draA, draC, draD, and draE, were required for full mannose-resistant hemagglutination expression. Mutation in the draA gene, previously identified as encoding fimbrillin, resulted in loss of the adherence phenotype. We screened 658 strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) or from fecal samples for the presence of DNA sequences homologous to the draD gene. A significantly higher frequency of draD-related sequences was found among Escherichia coli strains from patients with cystitis than among strains from patients with other clinical forms of UTI. Association of draD-related sequences with O75 and other serotypes was observed. A possible role of Dr hemagglutinin as a virulence factor in lower UTI is discussed.
Bulk acoustic wave true time delay for UWB passive backscatter RFID

An electrically small bulk acoustic wave true time delay is proposed for use in a coherent, passive, and transistorless RFID tag operating around 2.45 GHz. The active area of the time delay component is just 100×100 microns, and a delay of about 10 ns is achieved. Experimentally, maximum power transfer was obtained near 1.4 GHz. A link budget for the realized device is presented, and RCS modulation is quantified by measurements conducted in an indoor anechoic range.
Spelling We corrected all typos , especially the names of the physicists and mathematicians Euler and Lagrange . Response to reviewer # 1 Major comments L 252 – 256

Ice clouds, so-called cirrus clouds, occur very frequently in the tropopause region. A special class are subvisible cirrus clouds with an optical depth lower than 0.03. Obviously, the ice crystal number concentration of these clouds is very low. The dominant pathway for :: the ::::::::: formation :: of : these clouds is not known well. It is often assumed that heterogeneous nucleation at :: on : solid aerosol particles is the preferred mechanism although homogeneous freezing of aqueous solution droplets might 5 be possible : , :::: since ::::: these :::::: clouds ::::: occur :: in :::: the ::: low :::::::::: temperature ::::::: regime ::::::::: T < 235K. For investigating subvisible cirrus clouds as formed by homogeneous freezing we develop a simple analytical ::::: parcel cloud model from first principles; the model consists of a three dimensional set of ordinary differential equations, including ::: and ::::::: includes the relevant processes as ice nucleation, diffusional growth and sedimentation, respectively : . ::: We ::::: study :: the ::::::::: formation ::: and :::::::: evolution :: of ::::::::: subvisible ::::: cirrus :::::: clouds :: in 10 :: the :::: low :::::::::: temperature :::::: regime :: as :::::: driven :: by :::: slow ::::::: vertical ::::::::: updraughts :::::::::::::::::: (0<w ≤ 0.05m s−1). The model is integrated numerically and is investigated using ::: also :::::::::: investigated ::: by :::::: means :: of : theory of dynamical systems. We found two :::::::::: qualitatively : different states for the long-term behaviour of subvisible cirrus clouds : . :::: The ::: first ::::: state :: is : a ::::: point ::::::: attractor ::::: state :::: with : a :::::: stable ::::: focus, i.e. an attractor case and :: the ::::::: solution ::: of :: the :::::::::: differential :::::::: equations :::::::: performs ::::::: damped ::::::::: oscillations :::: and :::::::::::: asymptotically :::::: reaches :: a 15 ::::::: constant :::: value :::::::::::: (equilibrium). ::: The :::::: second :::: state :: is : a limit cycle scenario :: in ::::: phase ::::: space, ::: i.e. ::: the ::::::: solution ::::::::: approaches :::::::::::: asymptotically :: a :::: state :: of :::::::: undamped :::::::::: oscillations. The transition between the states constitutes a Hopf bifurcation and is determined by environmental conditions as :: two :::::::::: parameters : – : vertical updraughts and temperature. In both cases, the microphysical properties of the simulated clouds agree reasonably well with simulations using a complex :::: more ::::::: detailed : model, with former analyt20 ical studies and with observations of subvisible cirrus. In addition, the model can also be used for explaining complex model simulations close to the bifurcation qualitatively. Finally, the ::: The results indicate that homogeneous nucleation might be : is : a possible formation pathway for subvisible cirrus
Postdischarge Clinical Outcomes in Older Medical Patients with an Emergency Department Stay–Associated Delirium Onset

without 0.89 in individuals with suggesting good speciﬁcity for delirium in a population without and good sensitivity to in signiﬁcantly associated with greater incidence of the composite end-point. These results provide evidence that individuals who experience delirium within 72 hours after ward admission have a greater risk of death and rehospitalization; the association between delirium occurrence and the composite end-point remained signiﬁcant after multivariate adjust-ment. In keeping with previous studies that have reported greater postdischarge mortality and worse clinical outcomes in individuals who develop delirium during a hospital stay, 7 – 10 these ﬁndings add to the current evidence demonstrating that ED length of stay, by increasing the risk of delirium onset, might contribute to postdischarge death and rehospitalizations. Therefore, whether interven-tions designed to shorten the length of ED stay (or to make it more comfortable) may reduce the incidence of delirium in older vulnerable adults and result in a better overall prognosis, including lower mortality and rehospitalization rates, should be evaluated.
PHASE NOISE IN OSCILLATORS

| In this tutorial paper, we review fundamentals of oscillator phase noise emphasizing its physical picture based on the concept of phase di®usion. This review is intended to provide an essential understanding of phase noise rather than a comprehensive phase noise modeling. We then summarize several phase noise reduction techniques for various types of oscillators. Index Terms|oscillators, phase noise, integrated circuits, analog integrated circuits, radio-frequency (RF) circuits.
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF FAGONIA ARABICA ( L . ) AGAINST ISOPROTERENOL INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of Fagonia arabica against Isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats by studying myocyte injury markers, antioxidant defense system, serum and heart lipid profile, inflammatory markers, electrocardiographic and histopathological changes. MI in rats was induced by ISO administration (85 mg/kg, s.c.) at an interval of 24 h on 31 and 32 day. On 33 day ECG, biochemical and histopathological parameters were assessed. ISO administration showed changes in ECG pattern, including ST-segment elevation (diagnostic of myocardial infarction) increase in the serum levels of cardiac injury markers (creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase), decreased antioxidant defense system in the heart and altered lipid profile in the serum and heart. Results of the present study suggest that F.arabica has a significant effect on the protection of the heart against ISO induced MI through maintaining endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities.
A semantic web approach to integrating heterogeneous yeast genome data

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was the first fully sequenced eukaryotic genome [1]. Given its ease of genetic manipulation and the fact that many of its genes are strikingly similar to human genes, the yeast genome has been characterized extensively by a wide range of biological experiments such as DNA microarrays and SAGE [2]. A large quantity of such experimental data have been published and distributed in disparate formats through numerous web-accessible databases including MIPS (http://mips.gsf.de/genre/proj/yeast/index.jsp) and SGD (http://www.yeastgenome.org). While each of these databases serves as a valuable and unique resource that meets some specific research needs, a broader need can be served if the data provided by these resources can be mined or analyzed in an integrated way. For example, the reason that a particular group of yeast genes are found over-expressed (or under-expressed) in a microarray experiment may be explained by integrating such gene expression data with related categories of data such as protein-protein interactions and subcellular localizations. Bioinformatics efforts have been underway to perform large-scale integrative analysis on diverse genomic databases [3]. However, such integrated data analysis has been hampered by a number of factors including the following.
Efficient cooperative spectrum sensing for Wi-Fi on TV spectrum

Cognitive Radio has become an effective theory to solve inefficient spectrum usage. The traffic of Wi-Fi data increases rapidly because of smart phones and netbooks. IEEE 802.22 standard supposes a cognitive radio system which consists of one licensed primary user (PU) and multiple unlicensed secondary user(SU)s. The SUs utilize the licensed spectrum while the PU is absence. In this paper, we consider to reuse the fallow TV (PU) spectrum for Wi-Fi (SU) data transmission without causing any harmful interference to incumbents. The optimal threshold number of SUs to detect the presence of PU in the constraint of minimizing detection error probability is derived. As a result it increases the capacity of traffic in the Wi-Fi zone.
The connection between thermal and non-thermal emission in gamma-ray bursts: general considerations and GRB 090902B as a case study

Photospheric (thermal) emission is inherent to the gamma-ray burst (GRB) ‘fireball’ model. We show here that inclusion of this component in the analysis of the GRB prompt emission phase naturally explains some of the prompt GRB spectra seen by the Fermi satellite over its entire energy band. The sub-MeV peak is explained as multicolour blackbody emission, and the high-energy tail, extending up to the GeV band, results from roughly similar contributions of synchrotron emission, synchrotron self-Compton and Comptonization of the thermal photons by energetic electrons originating after dissipation of the kinetic energy above the photosphere. We show how this analysis method results in a complete, self-consistent picture of the physical conditions at both emission sites of the thermal and non-thermal radiation. We study the connection between the thermal and non-thermal parts of the spectrum, and show how the values of the free model parameters are deduced from the data. We demonstrate our analysis method on GRB 090902B: we deduce a Lorentz factor in the range 920 ≤η≤ 1070, photospheric radius rph≃ 7.2–8.4 × 1011 cm and dissipation radius rγ≥ 3.5–4.1 × 1015 cm. By comparison to afterglow data, we deduce that a large fraction ed≈ 85–95 per cent of the kinetic energy is dissipated, and that a large fraction, ∼ equipartition of this energy, is carried by the electrons and the magnetic field. This high value of ed questions the ‘internal shock’ scenario as the main energy dissipation mechanism for this GRB.
Loneliness and Negative Affective Conditions in Adults: Is There Any Room for Hope in Predicting Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms?

ABSTRACT This study examined the role of hope in understanding the link between loneliness and negative affective conditions (viz., anxiety and depressive symptoms) in a sample of 318 adults. As expected, loneliness was found to be a significant predictor of both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Noteworthy, hope was found to significantly augment the prediction of depressive symptoms, even after accounting for loneliness. Furthermore, we found evidence for a significant Loneliness × Hope interaction effect in predicting anxiety. A plot of the interaction confirmed that the association between loneliness and anxiety was weaker among high, compared to low, hope adults. Some implications of the present findings are discussed.
FFSSE: Flexible Forward Secure Searchable Encryption with Efficient Performance

Searchable Symmetric Encryption (SSE) has been widely applied in the design of encrypted database for exact queries or even range queries in practice. In spite of its eﬃciency and functionalities, it always suﬀers from information leakages. Some recent attacks point out that forward privacy is the desirable security goal. However, there are only a very small number of schemes achieving this security. In this paper, we propose a new ﬂexible forward secure SSE scheme, denoted as “FFSSE”, which has the best performance in the literature, namely with fast search operation, fast token generation and O (1) update complexity. It also supports both add and delete operations in the unique instance. Technically, we exploit a novel “key-based blocks chain” technique based on symmetric cryptographic primitive, which can be deployed in arbitrary index tree structures or key-value structures directly to provide forward privacy. In order to reduce the storage on the client side, we further propose an eﬃcient permutation technique (with similar function as trapdoor permutation) to support the re-construction of the search tokens. Experiments show that our scheme is 4 × , 300 × and 300 × faster than the Σ oφoς (the state-of-the-art forward private SSE scheme proposed in CCS 2016) in search, update and token generation, respectively. Security analysis shows that our scheme is secure.
Hierarchical routing protocol for multi-level heterogeneous sensor network

The energy consumption is one of the main problems which remain to be addressed in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Therefore, in recent years several clustering routing protocols for homogeneous and heterogeneous sensor networks have been proposed since these protocols are playing a key role in reducing energy consumption of the WSNs. A new Multi-Level Energy-Efficient Clustering (MLEEC) heterogeneous protocol is reported in this paper, where an optimal clustering and a thresh-old for Cluster Head (CH) election are proposed. The numerical results obtained show that the proposed protocol exceeds the performance of existing representatives of heterogeneous WSN routing protocols in term of lifetime and the number of messages received by the sink node. In addition, the balancing of the energy dissipated between the nodes is more important than for the other protocols.
Effect of pentobarbital on fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes.

Addition of the commonly used anesthetic pentobarbital to hepatocytes from fed rats resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the level of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. At a concentration of pentobarbital (0.4 mM) that lowered fructose 2,6-bisphosphate by 60%, there was no significant change in the level of fructose 6-phosphate, ATP, or L-glycerol 3-phosphate. Higher concentrations of pentobarbital (2 mM) enhanced both glycolysis and glycogenolysis and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels were reduced to less than 10% of the control. Concomitant with these changes there was a decrease in ATP, glucose 6-phosphate, and fructose 6-phosphate and a two- and fivefold increase in ADP and AMP, respectively. In hepatocytes from starved rats pentobarbital also lowered ATP levels and inhibited gluconeogenesis but had no effect on either lactate production or the already low level of sugar diphosphate. However, in the fasted case pentobarbital completely prevented the 10-fold elevation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate brought about by 30 mM glucose. The anesthetic had no effect on cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity or on pyruvate kinase activity in hepatocytes from fed or starved rats but caused reciprocal changes in the activities of the bifunctional enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase. Kinase activity was decreased and bisphosphatase activity was increased. These results suggest that the effects of pentobarbital on gluconeogenesis and glycolysis are due to inhibition of energy metabolism with elevated AMP levels causing activation of 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase and inhibition of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)