Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heritability estimates for cognitive factors and brain white matter integrity as markers of schizophrenia

Recent genetics research focusing on schizophrenia has led to candidate cognitive and neuroimaging variables as intermediate phenotypes or “endophenotype” markers for the illness. Among other stringent criteria, to be an endophenotype, a marker must demonstrate heritability. In an effort to explore the validity of a selection of cognitive and neuroimaging endophenotypes, the present study was designed to determine estimates of their heritability. One hundred fourteen subjects, including 27 with schizophrenia and 39 unaffected relatives from 23 multiplex schizophrenia families, participated in a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and structural brain imaging with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Variables were selected if they previously have been demonstrated to show differences between people with schizophrenia and normal controls. Significant evidence of heritability was confirmed for overall cognitive function (“g”), as well as expressive and receptive language, verbal and visual memory, processing speed and cognitive inhibition. In addition, significant heritability estimates were determined for specific regions in the frontal, central, parietal, and occipital areas. These results suggest that the variables chosen may be useful endophenotypes for genetic and early detection studies, although further work with larger cohorts should be conducted to show that deficits in these functions and structures also segregate with schizophrenia within families and thus fully satisfy the definition of an endophenotype. In addition, other cognitive and neuroimaging variables that were not studied here may be candidates for schizophrenia endophenotypes. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Case studies of smart grid demand response programs in North America

Demand response services that engage consumers are an important emerging aspect of the smart grid. The advent of new consumer-facing technologies that communicate with the electric utility is enabling this transformation. This paper presents and analyzes case studies of different electric utility programs, including enabling technologies and incentives, on smart grid demand response. The program successes are evaluated in terms of reduction in peak load and/or customer energy usage and customer satisfaction. An analysis of lessons learned is provided on how various incentives can affect the success and scalability of smart grid demand response programs.
Comportamento Assintotico da Equacao de Bernoulli-Euler com Dissipacao Localizada e Efeito de Inercia Rotacional

Neste trabalho estudamos o comportamento assintotico da energia do problema de valor inicial e de fronteira associado com a equa cao de Bernoulli-Euler com efeito de inercia rotacional e um termo nao linear dissipativo localizado em uma vizinhanca da fronteira do dominio. O comportamento assintotico da energia no tempo e obtido com taxas de decaimento explicitas. Esse resultado e obtido utilizando-se o lema de Nakao, estimativas de energia via multiplicadores localizados e um argumento de “compacidade-unicidade”baseado no principio de continuacao unica. O comportamento assintotico e valido para a equacao de Bernoulli-Euler sem efeito de inercia rotacional ou para a equa cao de placas com efeito de inercia rotacional.
Effects of RESET Current Overshoot and Resistance State on Reliability of RRAM

Current overshoot has severe effects on the reliability of resistive random access memory (RRAM). It is well known that the current overshoot during the SET process is caused by parasitic capacitance. In this letter, we observed a different type of current overshoot during the RESET process. The RESET current overshoot was confirmed to have severe effects on the endurance of RRAM. We also demonstrated the relation between the current overshoot and the intrinsic capacitive elements of each state of RRAM. Finally, an optimized pulse shape was proposed to minimize the current overshoot and was experimentally verified to significantly improve the variability and endurance in a typical RRAM device with a W/Zr/HfO2/TiN structure.
Changes in preterm breast milk composition with advancing infant age.

7. Kannan L, Lodha R, Vivekanandhan S, Bagga A, Kabra SK, Kabra M. Intravenous fluid regimen and hyponatraemia among children: A randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Nephrol. 2010;25:2303-9. 8. Neville KA, Sandeman DJ, Rubinstein A, Henry GM, McGlynn M, Walker JL. Prevention of hyponatremia during maintenance intravenous fluid administration: A prospective randomized study of fluid type versus fluid rate. J Pediatr. 2010;156:313-9. 9. Arikan AA, Zappitelli M, Goldstein SL, Naipaul A, Jefferson LS, Loftis LL. Fluid overload is associated with impaired oxygenation and morbidity in critically ill children. Pediatr Crit Care Med J. 2012;13:253-8. 10. Shamin A, Afzal K, Ali SM. Safety and efficacy of isotonic (0.9%) vs. hypotonic (0.18%) saline as maintenance intravenous fluids in children: A randomized controlled trial. Indian Pediatr. 2014:51:969-74. 11. National Patient Safety Agency. Reducing the risk of hyponatraemia when administering intravenous infusions to children. 28 March 2007. Available from: http:// www.nrls. npsa.nhs. uk/resources/? entryid45=59809. Accessed November 7, 20014.
Imagent Improves Endocardial Border Delineation, Inter‐reader Agreement, and the Accuracy of Segmental Wall Motion Assessment

Background: This study was conducted to assess the ability of a new echocardiographic contrast agent, Imagent (perflexane lipid microspheres; Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp., San Diego, CA), to improve endocardial border delineation (EBD) and assessment of segmental wall motion (SWM). This was achieved by analysis of inter‐reader agreement by echocardiography and comparison with an independent imaging technique, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Two separate, independent, prospective, randomized, controlled, multicenter trials were conducted at 26 centers and included a total of 409 efficacy‐evaluable patients. In Study A 206 patients were randomized to receive either Imagent or saline and in Study B, 203 patients received Imagent with a subset imaged by both echocardiography and MRI. All patients were required to have suboptimal baseline images using fundamental imaging. Images were optimized at baseline prior to contrast and the settings maintained post‐contrast. Imagent, a suspension of perfluorohexane‐filled spheres with flexible lipid shells, was administered as an IV bolus at 0.125 mg/kg body weight. Gated MRI studies were performed within 48 hours of dosing in a subset of 26 subjects. Six expert independent blinded readers reviewed unpaired noncontrast and contrast exams and scored EBD and SWM. Analysis of inter‐reader agreement was performed by comparing the SWM score (1 to 5) recorded by each reader pair. In addition, unanimity between readers for SWM was evaluated. For comparison to MRI, the results from echo readers 4, 5, and 6 were each compared with a single independent MRI reader. Results: The patients enrolled in these clinical trials displayed markedly suboptimal images with 49% and 71% (Study A and Study B) of the segments determined by the readers to be suboptimal prior to contrast administration. All readers recorded statistically significant (P < 0.0001) improvement in total EBD scores following the administration of Imagent. Comparison of noncontrast SWM scores for each pair of echo readers resulted in agreement in an average of 39%, of segments in Study A, and 31% of the segments in Study B. Use of Imagent improved agreement in SWM scores to 65% in Study A, and 48% of segments in Study B (P < 0.0001) for all reader pairs in both studies. Reader unanimity in SWM scores increased from 13% to 41% of the segments with the administration of Imagent. Blinded review of the noncontrast echo examinations resulted in agreement with MRI derived SWM scores in 15% of the segments. The administration of Imagent improved this agreement to 47%, of the segments (P ≤ 0.0005 for each blinded reader). Conclusions: Use of Imagent during echocardiographic imaging improves EBD, providing a significant improvement in inter‐reader agreement in SWM evaluation with echo and greater than a threefold improvement in SWM scoring accuracy with MRI. (Echocardiography, Volume 20, February 2003)
CT within 6 hours of headache onset to rule out subarachnoid hemorrhage in nonacademic hospitals

Objective: To investigate whether staff radiologists working in nonacademic hospitals can adequately rule out subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) on head CT <6 hours after headache onset. Methods: In a multicenter, retrospective study, we studied a consecutive series of patients presenting with acute headache to 11 nonacademic hospitals. Inclusion criteria were (1) normal level of consciousness without focal deficits, (2) head CT <6 hours after headache onset and reported negative for the presence of SAH by a staff radiologist, and (3) subsequent CSF spectrophotometry. Two neuroradiologists and one stroke neurologist from 2 academic tertiary care centers independently reviewed admission CTs of patients with CSF results that were considered positive for presence of bilirubin according to local criteria. We investigated the negative predictive value for detection of SAH by staff radiologists in nonacademic hospitals on head CT in patients scanned <6 hours after onset of acute headache. Results: Of 760 included patients, CSF analysis was considered positive for bilirubin in 52 patients (7%). Independent review of these patients' CTs identified one patient (1/52; 2%) with a perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal SAH. Negative predictive value for detection of subarachnoid blood by staff radiologists working in a nonacademic hospital was 99.9% (95% confidence interval 99.3%–100.0%). Conclusions: Our results support a change of practice wherein a lumbar puncture can be withheld in patients with a head CT scan performed <6 hours after headache onset and reported negative for the presence of SAH by a staff radiologist in the described nonacademic setting.
Extended homeostatic adaptation model with metabolic causation in plasticity mechanism—toward constructing a dynamic neural network model for mental imagery

This study presents an extended dynamic neural network model of homeostatic adaptation as the first step toward constructing a model of mental imagery. In the homeostatic adaptation model, higher-level dynamics internally self-organized from sensorimotor dynamics are associated with desired behaviors. These dynamics are regenerated when drastic changes occur, which might break the internal dynamics. Due to the weak link between desired behavior and internal homeostasis in the original homeostatic adaptation model, adaptivity is limited. In this paper, we improve on the homeostatic adaptation model to create a stronger link between desired behavior and internal homeostasis by introducing a metabolic causation in a plasticity mechanism and show that it becomes more adaptive. Our results show that our model has three different time scales in the adaptive behaviors, which are discussed with our cognition and mental imagery.
Multiscale and Dimensionality Behavior of ICA Components for Satellite Image Indexing

In this letter, our main objective is to demonstrate the capabilities of independent component analysis (ICA) for very high resolution satellite image characterization, particularly for geometrical structures contained in images from urban areas in comparison with natural landscapes. We propose a model based on ICA sources to index satellite images with a resolution of 0.6 m. An important part of this work is to study the effects of multiscaling and dimensionality behavior of ICA components. For evaluating the capabilities of our model, we design a classification method to distinguish images from a variety of natural and man-made scenes.
Maintaining reference graphs in fully decentralized systems

This work analyzes different methods for the remote access to mobile data and code objects. The simulation of two binary tree algorithms leads to the extraction of parameters that influence the communication costs of the access approaches. Thereby, this work can give recommendations for the design of the remote object access in upcoming distributed compute systems such as high-performance compute clusters or embedded distributed systems.
FL 1060: a new beta-lactam antibiotic with novel properties

The effect of FL 1060, a newly described beta-lactam antibiotic, on three strains of Escherichia coli was studied. The agent showed extraordinarily high activity as judged by conventional titrations, but inoculum size, osmolality of the medium, and length of the incubation period were all found to have a marked effect on the result. Continuous turbidimetric monitoring and microscopical observation of cultures of E. coli exposed to FL 1060 showed the effect of the antibiotic to have many novel features. Exposed bacterial rods converted to spherical forms, but in a different manner from that of classical penicillin-mediated transformation. Furthermore, although FL 1060 was bactericidal for the majority of the bacterial population, a fraction not only survived its lethal action but grew in high concentrations of the agent thereby producing a phenotypically resistant population which nonetheless continued to show characteristic morphological deformities. Possible reasons for this anomalous behaviour are discussed.
The ‘chick-a-dee’ calls of Parus atricapillus: A recombinant system of animal communication compared with written English

We describe here what we believe to be one of the most interesting systems of animal communication yet discovered. The 'chick-a-dee' calls of the black-capped chickadee (Parus atricapillus) combine four distinct notetypes in a variety of ways to make a large diversity of distinct call-types. In elementary properties this system thus resembles human language in which letters are recombined to make written words, or spoken phonemes are recombined to make spoken morphemes. In this first report we describe the chickadee system and explore some of its similarities to and differences from written English. Susan T. Smith (1972) was the first to point out explicitly the recombinant nature of 'chick-a-dee' calls in her pioneering study of the related Carolina chickadee (Parus carolinensis). She identified three note-types, one of which appears to be differentiated into two separate note-types in the black-capped chickadee. She recorded 'chick-a-dee' calls in a wide variety of behavioral contexts and concluded that calls encode information about the caller's locomotory behavior and movements in space. Combined with the context in which they occur, the calls can therefore be used in coordinating movements of winter flocks, mobbing behavior in the presence of predators, contact between mates, and so on. Calls thus illustrate the principle that the 'message' (encoded information) plus contextual information yields the 'meaning' (transferred information) taken by the receiver (see W. J. Smith 1977). S. T. Smith (1972) went on to make preliminary identification of notetypes with specific 'messages' about locomotion, and noted that the combination of these notes in calls encoded a combination of their separate messages. She also pointed out that note-types are commonly repeated within a call, which suggests that the repetitions encode intensive aspects of the basic message of note-types. Therefore, the staggering variety of call-types created from combinations of note-types and their repetitions is not likely to be haphazard variation; instead, each call-type
Harmonized multiuser transmission scheme for cellular systems

Besides multiuser multi-input multi-output (MU-MIMO), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been proposed as another promising alternative for multiuser multiplexing in cellular systems targetting for efficient spectrum utilization, and consequently has been attracting the attention of an increasing number of universities and institutes in both academic and industrial areas. In this paper, we focus on the azimuthal difference between the paired users, and investigate its influence on the system performance for both MU-MIMO and NOMA, respectively. The investigation reveals the different preference of the both schemes in respect of the inter-user azimuthal difference. Accordingly, a harmonized transmission framework for multiuser multiplexing has been proposed whereby the better transmission scheme of the both is always selected. Theoretical analysis justifies its effectiveness.
Analysis of the BotNet Ecosystem

In the Information Communication Technology (ICT) industry it is essential to manage security. It is of outmost interest of any network operator to secure the network infrastructure and subscriber data. Failing in ICT security is not an option. The e-crime scene utilizes modern tooling to address this very lucrative business. BotNet infrastructure is more and more used to perform e-crime. So far, Network operators are not highly impacted - but this situation will definitely change in the near future. The paper consists of three parts: Part 1 describes how BotNets differ from other types of malware. The principle of a BotNet is outlined and explained. Statistics and real examples are listed to illustrate the potential of a security threat. Part 2 focuses on the BotNet ecosystem by describing the existing roles and providing a quantified revenue flow between the players. It explains why the BotNet threat will be more important for a Mobile Network Operator (MNO) than for a Fixed Network Operator (FNO) incl. quantification of impact on the existing MNO business model. Finally Part 3 describes the CSP (Communication Solution Provider) solution to address the threat successfully. A modular approach ensures that the solution is flexible and adaptive: The analysis module evaluates multiple information sources to dynamically build up specific knowledge in order to identify BotNet activities. The detection module uses this knowledge to monitor the traffic in a mobile operator network for potential BotNet attacks. If such attacks are detected, further actions are triggered. The mitigation module cares about the cleaning of elements infected by the BotNet. The prevention module limits the impacts of BotNet attacks, e. g. by quarantining the victims.
Abordagens de Tecnologia da Informação No Ensino de Contabilidade e Um Sistema Integrado de Gestão Educacional

Este trabalho apresenta um Sistema Integrado de Gestao Educacional e aspectos tecnologicos relacionados a este tipo de sistema e outros correlatos no contexto da gestao organizacional. Alem disto, e apresentado o ambiente de pesquisa que tem sido utilizado para seu desenvolvimento formado por alunos de Contabilidade. A metodologia de trabalho empregada tem sido a constante pesquisa bibliografica sobre Tecnologia da Informacao (TI) no contexto educacional e organizacional visando encontrar-se as melhores forma de seu emprego no ensino de graduacao de Contabilidade. A execucao do trabalho tem-se baseado na manutencao de grupos de trabalho pesquisa que investigam areas especificas da empresa que e, em seguida, automatizada atraves de sistemas desenvolvidos pelo grupo. A area de Gestao de Custos foi a primeira a ser implementada atraves de um sistema que permite o rateio de custos. Em seguida, partiu-se para a implementacao de sistemas relacionados diretamente a ele tendo-se a filosofia de integracao presente atraves da manutencao de um banco de dados unico que e acessado pelos diversos subsistemas que compoem o sistema integrado de gestao educacional. Neste sentido, tem-se constatado que a TI no ambiente de ensino de Contabilidade pode ser muito bem explorada nao somente atraves da utilizacao de softwares que implementam atividades de gestao como tem sido produzidas pelo grupo, mas tambem, pela atividade de desenvolvimento de sistemas em si que pode ser conduzida por esta comunidade e tem gerado excelentes resultados.
Universal and linguistic features of expressing emotional information: differentiation in the perception level

The emotion in speech is expressed both by universal and specifically linguistic means. Cases of miscommunication between native and nonnative speakers in terms of expressing and interpretation this emotional information occurs mostly due these cultural and linguistic peculiarities. In addition to lexical means, the role of intonation in such cases is enormous. The present paper describes an experiment to discriminate the universal and linguistic features of expressing the emotional information in Japanese spontaneous speech by native and nonnative (Russians not speaking Japanese) informants in the perception level. A multi-dimensional model of emotion is used for marking the perceived emotional information. The results demonstrate considerable differences in defining the emotional information for native and nonnative informants, especially for such parameters as the basic atmosphere of an utterance and the attitude in interrogative utterances. This experiment also proved to be a good method for eliciting utterances where the linguistic features for expressing the emotion dominate which is particularly useful for studying the intonation in a given language.
Endocrine changes associated with a rapidly developing sodium appetite in rats.

Simultaneous administration of the diuretic furosemide (10 mg/kg) and a low dose of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (5 mg/kg) results in short-latency thirst and sodium appetite (i.e., the rapid ingestion of water and NaCl solution). To elucidate potential mechanisms for mediating this behavior, changes in plasma levels of key hormones involved in fluid intake and balance were characterized in rats subjected to this treatment protocol. Rats treated jointly with furosemide and low-dose captopril had exaggerated increases in plasma renin activity and angiotensin I but equivalent increases in plasma aldosterone compared with rats treated with either agent alone. Treatment with furosemide plus low-dose captopril increased plasma vasopressin but not plasma oxytocin. The administration of a higher dose of captopril (100 mg/kg) with furosemide, a combination of drugs that does not stimulate fluid intake (29), further increased plasma renin activity and angiotensin I but prevented the rise in plasma vasopressin. The results support the hypothesis that thirst and salt appetite generated by this protocol depend on angiotensin II formed within brain circumventricular organs rather than the systemic circulation.
Implementación de un sistema de monitoreo remoto de una red de impresoras multi-funcionales basado en SNMP y programado con Labview.

En el sector de mercado de los centros de copiado basados en el arriendo de impresoras multifuncionales de red, el problema de sus propietarios radica en monitorear el estado actual e historico de sus principales contadores: copias y escaneos B/N y a color. Este proceso debe ser eficiente en tiempos y costos y debe ser capaz de compartir informacion con el sistema de facturacion de la empresa. En este articulo se estudia el diseno e implementacion de un sistema de monitoreo de una red de impresoras multifuncionales, tipo IoT, que da solucion a este problema utilizando el protocolo estandar de monitoreo SNMP sobre un sistema embebido Artigo, empleando la arquitectura productor/consumidor de maquinas de estado encoladas (QSM -PC) y tecnicas de multi-hilos en LabView. El sistema crea ademas una bitacora de eventos y establece comunicacion con un servidor web remoto que publica los datos obtenidos.