Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Evolutionary Multi-Objective Approach for Resource Scheduling in Mobile Cloud Computing

Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is one of the evolving fields in recent years. The complexity of MCC made researchers to concentrate on efficient application development. In MCC, resource scheduling is treated as one of the major issues. Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are efficient search techniques to find the optimal solution for the scheduling problem. GAs has the ability to optimize the resource scheduling in both homogeneous and heterogeneous environments. This paper presents the multi objective genetic algorithm for MCC (MOGAMCC) environment. To implement the MOGAMCC, the cloudsim toolkit was extended with the MOGA and its task scheduling approach determines the optimal scheduling policy. A single point crossover model is employed for the generation of new population. Mutation process is carried by randomly changing the bit positions in the chromosomes. The experimental results show that the proposed model finds the optimal trade-off between the defined objectives and which ultimately reduces the makespan.
Cytotoxicity of Tamoxifen-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles

Breast cancer is one the most important health concerns of the modern society (Ferlay et al., 2007). Worldwide, it is estimated that over one million new cases of breast cancer are diagnosed every year, and more than 400 thousands will die from the breast cancer (Coughlin & Ekwueme, 2009) The life-time risk in women contracting breast cancers is estimated to be 1 in 8, which is the highest among all forms of cancers. (DevCan, 2004). Although the mortality rates from breast cancers have decreased in most developed countries because more frequent mammographic screening and extensive use of tamoxifen, it still remains the second highest in women (Clark, 2008). Breast cancer incidence rates were reported to have doubled or tripled in developing countries in the past 40 years (Anderson et al., 2008; Porter, 2008). The main options for breast cancer treatment include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy (Mirshahidi & Abraham, 2004). Surgical procedures usually lead to significant morbidity such as lymph edema, muscle wasting, neuropathy and chronic pain (Paci et al., 1996). Radiation therapy is useful for cancer which is more localized, but it also carry a number of acute and chronic sideeffects such as nausea, diarrhea, pain and fatigue (Ewesuedo & Ratain, 2003). Endocrine therapy may be used as a supplementary treatment. This method of therapy is applied to specific group of patients, e.g. women after menopause with hormone-responsive disease (Gradishar, 2005). In hormone-sensitive cancer patients receive chemotherapy with cytotoxic drugs. The cytotoxic drugs treat cancers by causing cell death or growth arrest. Effective cancer chemotherapy is able either to shrink a tumor or to help destroy cancer cells (Ewesuedo & Ratain, 2003). A number of obstacles such as drug toxicity, possible undesirable drug interactions and various forms of drug resistance have to be overcome to achieve effective chemotherapy (Cardosa et al., 2009). Drug resistance is a general problem in the chemotherapy of several cancers including breast cancers (Wong et al., 2006). Failures in treatment of cancers are common. Development of new drugs is also slow to progress. Among the reasons contributing to this are weak absorption, high rate of metabolism and elimination of drugs per oral administration resulting in less or variable concentrations in blood, poor drug solubility, unpredictable bioavailability of oral drugs due to food, and tissue toxicity (Sipos et al., 1997). Thus alternative methods of drug administration like appropriate drug carrier system is needed to overcome this problem. Depending on the route of administration, the size of
Internet of Things Malware : A Survey

Ubiquitous devices are rising in popularity and sophistication. Internet of Things (IoT) avails opportunities for devices with powerful sensing, computing and interaction capabilities ranging from smartphones, wearable devices, home appliances, transport sensors and health products to share information through the internet. Due to vast data shared and increased interaction; they have attracted the interest of malware writers. Internet of Things environments poses unique challenges such as device latency, scalability, lack of antimalware tools and heterogeneity of device architectures that makes malware synthesis complex. In this paper we review literature on internet of things malware categories, support technologies, propagation and tools
Rho and Ras GTPases in semaphorin-mediated neuronal development

Neurons are highly polarized cells with a single long axon and multiple dendrites, all of which are actinrich structures. The precise regulation of neuronal cell morphology is a fundamental aspect of neurobiology. The major role of Rho GTPases, which is conserved in all eukaryotes, is to regulate the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. Therefore theRhoGTPases are key regulators of neuronal morphology during development besides their canonical functions in actin cytoskeletal regulation, cell migration and cell cycle progression. Semaphorins are a family of secreted or transmembrane proteins, which function through their receptor plexins and/or neuropilins to act as the repulsive or attractive guidance cues for axons and dendrites. It has been demonstrated that the fully activetion of plexins appears to be dependent on the binding of RhoGTPases to theRhobinding domain (RBD) and Semaphorin to the extracellular region. Here, we summarize the functions of the small Rho GTPases in two well-studied vertebrate Semaphorins, Sema3Aand Sema4D; and the potential roles of the small Rho GTPases in some poorly-studied vertebrate Semaphorins Sema5A, Sema6Aand Sema7A. We also summarize the functions of different members of Ras family, R-Ras, M-Ras and Rap, in Semaphorin signalling pathways as well.
Device-level compact modeling of perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic for benchmarking purposes

We show that physical-based compact modeling of field-coupled magnets is highly suitable to benchmark perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic for comparison with other beyond-CMOS device candidates. Compact models enable simulation of the device behavior depending on the magnet's geometry, material, fabrication variations, clocking speed, temperature and noise. Logic computing reliability of the device is determined by simulation, and common physical measures (area, power, delay) are extracted for benchmarking purposes. The computational throughput is calculated for comparison with CMOS and further emerging beyond-CMOS devices. As an example, a 1-bit full adder circuit is analyzed in terms of progressive scaling, clocking speed and material improvements. The results show that - in addition to the area reduction - scaling significantly decreases the computing error rate, and enables an increase in the clocking frequency, whereas material improvements reduce the power consumption. The computational throughput as a common measure for the performance of the full adder circuit is equivalent, or even higher than, full adder circuits in CMOS and other beyond-CMOS technologies.
Records of cestodes in varying lemmings and an arctic fox from Bathurst Island, Northwest Territories.

Cysticerci of Taenia crassiceps Rudolphi, 1810 and adult Andrya arctica Rausch, 1952 from Dicrostonyx torquatus, and Taenia polyacantha Leukart, 1856 from Alopex lagopus, are reported for the first time from Bathurst Island, Northwest Territories.
The Effect of Carbachol and α‐Bungarotoxin on the Frequency of Miniature Endplate Potentials at the Frog Neuromuscular Junction

The effects of an acetylcholine analogue, carbachol (CCh), and a purified irreversible nicotinic antagonist, α‐bungarotoxin (BTX), on the frequency of the miniature endplate potentials (mEPPs) at the neuromuscular junction of the frog were tested at 20 and 10°C. CCh (5 ± 10‐6 m) reduced the frequency of mEPPs to about 60%; this reduction was not affected by 1 ± 10‐7 g ml‐1 BTX. BTX also reversibly decreased the mEPP frequency by 40%, but not in the presence of CCh or in Ringer solution with 0 or 8 mM Ca2+. The present data show that BTX, which inhibits a class of nicotinic ACh receptors, does not block the decrease of mEPP frequency evoked by CCh and can itself suppress the frequency of spontaneous quantal release.
Self-Selection and the Earnings of Immigrants

This paper analyzes the way in which the earnings of the immigrant population may be expected to differ from the earnings of the native population because of the endogeneity of the migration decision. The conditions that determine the nature of the self -selection are derived and depend on economic and political characteristics of the sending and receiving countries. The empirical analysis shows that differences in the U.S. earnings of immigrants with the same measured skills, but from different home countries, are attributable to variations in conditions in the country of origin at the time of migration.
Efficiency Analysis of Public and Private Sector Schools of Multan District: A Non-Parametric Approach

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of public and private sector secondary and higher secondary schools in Multan district. We use output oriented data envelopment analysis to measure technical and scale efficiency of a sample of 100 public and private sector schools, using data for the year 2014. DEA is employed to compare efficiency of both types of schools because it is the most popular technique used to measure the relative efficiency of non-profit organizations due to the absence of prices or relative values of educational outputs. Moreover, it can handle multiple inputs and outputs with great ease. As public and private schools are working under similar environmental conditions, we have used a single frontier, incorporating four educational inputs and four outputs. The results of the data demonstrate that public schools lag behind private schools in terms of CRS and VRS technical efficiency scores and scale efficiency scores. Our study of schools validates the dominant paradigm that private schools outperform the state-run institutes.
Confirmation of high levels of transglutaminase-2 antibodies by deamidated gliadin antibodies in the diagnosis of celiac disease in children: a laboratory perspective

1. St-Louis P, Ethier J. An evaluation of three glucose meter systems and their performance in relation to criteria of acceptability for neonatal specimens. Clin Chim Acta. 2002; 322 (1-2): 139-148. 2. Balion C, Grey V, Ismaila A, Blatz S, Seidlitz W. Screening for hypoglycemia at the bedside in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with the Abbott PCx glucose meter. BMC Pediatr. 2006; 11; 6. 3. Thomas CL, Critchley L, Davies MW. Determining the best method for first-line assessment of neonatal blood glucose levels. J Paediatr Child Health. 2000; 36 (4): 343-348. 4. Committee on fetus and newborn, Adamkin DH. Post natal glucose homeostasis in late-preterm and term infants. Pediatrics. 2011; 127 (3): 575-579. 5. Vesper HW, Archibold E, Porter KH, Myers GL. Assessment of a reference procedure to collect and analyze glucose in capillary whole blood. Clin Chem. 2005; 51 (5): 901-903. 6. Bowen RAR, Hortin GL, Csako G, Otanez OH, Remaley AT. Impact of blood collection devices on clinical chemistry assays. Clin Biochem. 2010; 43 (1-2): 4-25. Summary
Interaction with Podocin Facilitates Nephrin Signaling*

Mutations of NPHS1 orNPHS2, the genes encoding for the glomerular podocyte proteins nephrin and podocin, cause steroid-resistant proteinuria. In addition, mice lacking CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) develop a nephrotic syndrome that resembles NPHS mutations suggesting that all three proteins are essential for the integrity of glomerular podocytes. Although the precise glomerular function of either protein remains unknown, it has been suggested that nephrin forms zipper-like interactions to maintain the structure of podocyte foot processes. We demonstrate now that nephrin is a signaling molecule, which stimulates mitogen-activated protein kinases. Nephrin-induced signaling is greatly enhanced by podocin, which binds to the cytoplasmic tail of nephrin. Mutational analysis suggests that abnormal or inefficient signaling through the nephrin-podocin complex contributes to the development of podocyte dysfunction and proteinuria.
Switching from a semi-computerized to an online employment application system: A case study

ABSTRACT This case explores the switch from semi-computerized to an online employment application system. This case documents the struggles experienced with user expectations related to requirements and how customization of a third-party product derailed the project’s success. The project was eventually implemented, but not without a significant development effort to customize. The end project was over budget, over time, and did not have all of the functionality that the users were expecting. Key factors leading to the project failure were: lack of user involvement and participation throughout the project including documentation of requirements for the target system, lack of a dedicated project manager, resistance to the change, poor communication, inadequate requirements, and issues with the chosen software development methodology.
Modeling of Energy Management Systems for Commercial Parks with Thermodynamic Equipment

Commercial park energy management systems (CPEMS) can reasonably plan appliances’ schedule of commercial tenants (CT) and lower their electricity purchasing cost. However, in the existing models, thermodynamic equipment like air conditioners and water heaters are not precise enough, failing to reflect the actual operating characteristics of the equipment. This paper presents an energy management system model including thermodynamic equipment. By coordinating the electricity consumption schedule of multiple CTs, CPEMS can reduce CTs’ electricity purchase costs. In the demonstration example, electricity purchase costs of CTs are reduced and operators of CPEMS gain profit, proving the feasibility of the model.
Iterative procedures in application of LQG approach to control problems for nonlinear stochastic systems

The problem of the determination of quasi- optimal control for nonlinear stochastic dynamic systems using LQG technique and linearization methods is considered. In this paper we present some sufficient conditions of convergence for iterative procedures used in evaluation of quasi-optimal control. Scalar and vector systems are treated separately. Obtained results are illustrated by numerical examples.
GA type IMC control for pneumatic servo system

This paper presents a novel control scheme in which internal model control (IMC) is combined with a genetic algorithm (GA). IMC tuning rules have a number of advantages for enhancing control performance. IMC can minimize disturbance and use only one tuning parameter, so that it is attractive for industrial users. For more aggressive control, we decrease the tuning parameter (more rapid response); for more robust response, we increase the tuning parameter (slower response). Usually we design the tuning parameter by trial and error. But it is not so easy to design an optimal parameter for a specific system, especially for a nonlinear system. A neural network (NN) based IMC for a pneumatic servo system has been proposed. On the other hand, in the last twenty years, GA has been attractive as a method, which gives an optimal answer for global search, optimization and machine learning problems. In this paper, we propose an intelligent control scheme in which IMC is combined with GA. GA will get the optimal or "near optimal" tuning parameter on-line after some generations. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is confirmed by experiments using the existent pneumatic servo system.
New insights into glutamate ototoxicity in cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons

Abstract Conclusion: Excess glutamate (Glu) exposure (20 mM) in the cochlear perilymph affects the physiological function of outer hair cells (OHCs) within a 2 h period and induces apoptosis in the modiolus spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in an apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)-dependent manner. Objectives: To determine whether high-dose Glu affects the function of OHCs and whether it induces AIF- and caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in the cochlear SGNs. Methods: Perilymphatic perfusions of Glu (20 mM) and artificial perilymph (AP) solutions were performed in adult guinea pig cochleae. Both cochlear microphonics (CM) and electrical auditory brainstem response (eABR) were measured before and 2 h after perfusions. The hair cell morphologies were examined using transmission electron microscopy. The expression of two apoptotic indicators, AIF and caspase-3, was examined 8 h after perfusions. Results: In contrast to AP perfusions, the perfusion of 20 mM Glu caused significant reduction in the CM and eABR amplitudes. Inner hair cells (IHCs) after Glu perfusion were deformed and exhibited vacuolization in the postsynaptic region, whereas the OHC system appeared unaffected. AIF expression was detected in the nuclei of SGNs 8 h after Glu exposure, but the expression of caspase-3 was not shown in any cochlear tissues.
Analysis of Glomerulosclerosis and Atherosclerosis in Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase-deficient Mice*

To evaluate the biochemical and molecular mechanisms leading to glomerulosclerosis and the variable development of atherosclerosis in patients with familial lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) deficiency, we generated LCAT knockout (KO) mice and cross-bred them with apolipoprotein (apo) E KO, low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) KO, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein transgenic mice. LCAT-KO mice had normochromic normocytic anemia with increased reticulocyte and target cell counts as well as decreased red blood cell osmotic fragility. A subset of LCAT-KO mice accumulated lipoprotein X and developed proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis characterized by mesangial cell proliferation, sclerosis, lipid accumulation, and deposition of electron dense material throughout the glomeruli. LCAT deficiency reduced the plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (−70 to −94%) and non-HDL cholesterol (−48 to −85%) levels in control, apoE-KO, LDLr-KO, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein-Tg mice. Transcriptome and Western blot analysis demonstrated up-regulation of hepatic LDLr and apoE expression in LCAT-KO mice. Despite decreased HDL, aortic atherosclerosis was significantly reduced (−35% to −99%) in all mouse models with LCAT deficiency. Our studies indicate (i) that the plasma levels of apoB containing lipoproteins rather than HDL may determine the atherogenic risk of patients with hypoalphalipoproteinemia due to LCAT deficiency and (ii) a potential etiological role for lipoproteins X in the development of glomerulosclerosis in LCAT deficiency. The availability of LCAT-KO mice characterized by lipid, hematologic, and renal abnormalities similar to familial LCAT deficiency patients will permit future evaluation of LCAT gene transfer as a possible treatment for glomerulosclerosis in LCAT-deficient states.
Vaccination with T cell-defined antigens

Tumour immunology encompasses a broad array of biological phenomena including interactions between neoplastic cells and the innate and adaptive immune response. Among immune cells, T cells have taken the centre stage because they can be easily demonstrated to specifically recognise autologous cancer cells. As most tumour-associated antigens are intracellular proteins, T cells appear to be the most suitable tool for cancer-specific attack, as antibodies do not cross the cell membrane and the innate immune response lacks the same level of specificity. Finally, the relative ease in which T cells can be educated through antigen-specific immunisation to recognise cancer cells has elevated them to an even higher stature. In this review, it will be argued that T cells represent a unique anticancer agent, characterised by absolute specificity. Although other therapeutic modalities (antibody-based) have been effectively implemented, a comparison of T cell-based approaches with other modalities goes beyond the purposes of this review and will not be included in the discussion. However, it is obvious that the role of the T cell is limited and other components of the immune response (effector mononuclear phagocytes, natural killer cells, cytokines, chemokines, soluble factors), genetic background and tumour heterogeneity are likely to be necessary for the completion of cancer rejection.
Market Conditions and Momentum in Japanese Stock Returns

This study examines the momentum effect in Japanese stock returns on the basis of market conditions. Although previous studies did not find a momentum effect in Japanese stock returns, this study provides evidence that significant momentum profits exist for a particular market condition. When the market is divided into UP and DOWN states, momentum profits are found in the UP market states. A further classification of UP and DOWN market states on the basis of subsequent continuation and reversion (UP-UP, UP-DOWN, DOWN-UP, and DOWN-DOWN) indicates that momentum profits are evident only in the reverting UP states (UP-DOWN). I argue that investors’ under-reaction to information causes momentum profits in the reverting
A study of web privacy policies across industries

ABSTRACT Today, more than ever, companies collect their customers’ Personally Identifiable Information (PII) over the Internet. The alarming rate of PII misuse drives the need for improving companies’ privacy practices. We thoroughly study privacy policies of 600 companies (10% of all listings on NYSE, Nasdaq, and AMEX stock markets) across industries and investigate 10 different privacy pertinent factors in them. The study reveals interesting trends: for example, more than 30% of the companies still lack privacy policies, and the rest tend to collect users’ information but claim to use it only for the intended purpose. Furthermore, almost one out of every two companies provides the collected information to law enforcement without asking for a warrant or subpoena. We found that the majority of the companies do not collect children’s PII, one out of every three companies lets users correct their PII but does not allow complete deletion, and the majority post new policies online and expect the user to check the privacy policy frequently. The findings of this study can help companies improve their privacy policies, enable lawmakers to create better regulations and evaluate their effectiveness, and finally educate users with respect to the current state of privacy practices in an industry.