Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS ON LINUX AND WINDOWS HPC SERVER CLUSTERS

The TOP500 project ranks the 500 th . most powerful computer systems in the world. This rank is based on High-Performance LINPACK (HPL), a portable implementation of the LINPACK benchmark for distributed-memory computers. According to the TOP500's list published in June, 2010, most of the systems are Linux based clusters. However, the number of Windows based systems tends to grow in the next lists. In this paper the performance of a Linux and a Windows HPC Server cluster using the same hardware and scientific applications is evaluated. To assess performance, the HPL and NAS Parallel Benchmarks (NPB), as well as a real-world multi-physics application, named EdgeCFD, are used. This application is developed at NACAD-COPPE/UFRJ and it is an implicit edge-based coupled fluid flow and transport solver for large-scale problems optimized for modern clusters. EdgeCFD adopts peer-to-peer non-blocking communication pattern among processes. Tests were conducted for three MPI distributions MVAPICH2 (based on MPICH2 with Infiniband support), OpenMPI (High Performance Message Passing Library) and MS-MPI (Microsoft MPI based on MPICH2) on all benchmarks and applications of this study. All performance measurements show that Windows HPC Server is a viable option.
An Efficient Word Lattice Parsing Algorithm for Continuous Speech Recognition

An efficient word lattice parsing algorithm is introduced for continuous speech recognition. A word lattice is a set of hypothesized words with different starting and ending positions in the input signal. Parsing a word lattice involves much more search than typed natural language parsing, and a very efficient algorithm is desired. The algorithm is based on the context-free parsing algorithm recently developed by the author. Our algorithm (1) is fast due to utilization of LR parsing tables, (2) produces all possible parses in an efficient representation, and (3) processes an input word lattice in a strict left-to-right manner, which may allow the algorithm to pipeline with lower level processes (Le. word hypothesizers). The algorithm has been implemented in the continuous speech recognition project at Carnegie-Mellon University, and is being tested against real speech data.
Effects of tidal forces and heat flow on the late evolution of the universe

Based upon the intrinsic symmetries approach to inhomogeneous cosmologies we propose an exact solution to Einstein's field equations where the spatial sections are flat and the source is a non-perfect fluid such that dissipative terms are related to spatial gradients of the energy density. It is shown through the calculation of the luminosity distance as a function of the redshift that the presence of such inhomogeneities may contribute to the acceleration of the expansion of the observable universe and account for part of the dark matter sector. As we compare to the standard {\Lambda}CDM cosmological model, this fact is another evidence that inhomogeneities beyond small perturbations should be taken into account in the evolution of the universe.
Magnetic Effects on Topological Chiral Channels in Bilayer Graphene

We study the effect of a magnetic field on topological chiral channels of bilayer graphene at electric domain walls. The persistence of chiral edge states is attributed to the difference in valley Chern number in the regions of opposite electric field. We explore the regime of large electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to the lattice. The magnetic field shifts the channel away from our electric interface in a way that is inconsistent with the semiclassical expectation from the Lorentz force. Moreover, the magnetic field causes an imbalanced layer occupation preference to the chiral channels. These behaviors admit analytic solutions in the limits that either the electric or the magnetic field dominates. We numerically show in the general case that the system can be well-approximated as a weighted sum of the two limits.
Ultranarrow-linewidth levitated nano-oscillator for testing dissipative wave-function collapse

Levitated nano-oscillators are seen as promising platforms for testing fundamental physics and testing quantum mechanics in a new high mass regime. Levitation allows extreme isolation from the environment, reducing the decoherence processes that are crucial for these sensitive experiments. A fundamental property of any oscillator is its line width and mechanical quality factor, Q. Narrow line widths in the microHertz regime and mechanical Q's as high as $10^{12}$ have been predicted for levitated systems, but to date, the poor stability of these oscillators over long periods have prevented direct measurement in high vacuum. Here we report on the measurement of an ultra-narrow line width levitated nano-oscillator, whose line width of $81\pm\,23\,\mu$Hz is only limited by residual gas pressure at high vacuum. This narrow line width allows us to put new experimental bounds on dissipative models of wavefunction collapse including continuous spontaneous localisation and Diosi-Penrose and illustrates its utility for future precision experiments that aim to test the macroscopic limits of quantum mechanics.
A new approach to Poissonian two-armed bandit problem

We consider a continuous time two-armed bandit problem in which incomes are described by Poissonian processes. We develop Bayesian approach with arbitrary prior distribution. We present two versions of recursive equation for determination of Bayesian piece-wise constant strategy and Bayesian risk and partial differential equation in the limiting case. Unlike the previously considered Bayesian settings our description uses current history of the process and not evolution of the posterior distribution.
Habitable Snowballs: Temperate Land Conditions, Liquid Water, and Implications for CO2 Weathering

Habitable planets are commonly imagined to be temperate planets like Earth, with areas of open ocean and warm land. In contrast, planets in snowball states, where oceans are entirely ice covered, are believed to be inhospitable. However, we show using a general circulation model that terrestrial planets in the inner habitable zone are able to support large unfrozen areas of land while in a snowball state. Due to their lower albedo, these unfrozen regions reach summer temperatures in excess of 10 °C. Such conditions permit CO2 weathering, suggesting that continental weathering can provide a mechanism for trapping planets in stable snowball states. The presence of land areas with warm temperatures and liquid surface water motivates a more‐nuanced understanding of habitability during these snowball events.
A Simple Uniformly Valid Test for Inequalities

We propose a new test for inequalities that is simple and uniformly valid. The test compares the likelihood ratio statistic to a chi-squared critical value, where the degrees of freedom is the rank of the active inequalities. This test requires no tuning parameters or simulations, and therefore is computationally fast, even with many inequalities. Further, it does not require an estimate of the number of binding or close-to-binding inequalities. To show that this test is uniformly valid, we establish a new bound on the probability of translations of cones under the multivariate normal distribution that may be of independent interest. The leading application of our test is inference in moment inequality models. We also consider testing affine inequalities in the multivariate normal model and testing nonlinear inequalities in general asymptotically normal models.
Executable object modeling with statecharts

This paper reports on an effort to develop an integrated set of diagrammatic languages for modeling object-oriented systems, and to construct a supporting tool. The goal is for models to be intuitive and well-structured, yet fully executable and analyzable, enabling automatic synthesis of usable and efficient code in object-oriented languages such as C++. At the heart of the modeling method is the language of statecharts for specifying object behavior, and a hierarchical OMT-like language for describing the structure of classes and their inter-relationships, that we call O-charts. Objects can interact by event generation, or by direct invocation of operations. In the interest of keeping the exposition manageable, we leave out some technically involved topics, such as multiple-thread concurrency and active objects.
A Cooperative Path Planning Algorithm for a Multiple Mobile Robot System in a Dynamic Environment

A practical path planning method for a multiple mobile robot system (MMRS) requires handling both the collision-free constraint and the kinematic constraint of real robots, the latter of which has to date been neglected by most path planning methods. In this paper, we present a practical cooperative path planning algorithm for MMRS in a dynamic environment. First, each robot uses an analytical method to plan an obstacle-avoidance path. Then, a distributed prioritized scheme is introduced to realize cooperative path planning. In the scheme, each robot calculates a priority value according to its situation at each instant in time, which will determine the robot's priority. Higher-priority robots can ignore lower-priority robots, whereas lower-priority robots should avoid collisions with higher-priority robots. To minimize the path length for MMRS, a least path length constraint is added. The priority value is also calculated by a path cost function that takes the path length into consideration. Unlike other priority methods, the algorithm proposed is not time consuming; therefore, it is suitable for dynamic environments. Simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Coherent states in magnetized anisotropic 2D Dirac materials

In this work, we construct coherent states for electrons in anisotropic 2D Dirac materials immersed in a uniform magnetic field orthogonal to the sample. In order to describe the bidimensional effects on electron dynamics in a semiclassical approach, we adopt the symmetric gauge vector potential to describe the magnetic field. By solving a Dirac-like equation with an anisotropic Fermi velocity, we define two sets of generalized ladder operators that are generators of either the Heisenberg–Weyl or su(1,1) algebra and construct coherent states as eigenstates of the generalized annihilation operators with complex eigenvalues. In order to illustrate the anisotropy effects on these states, we obtain their probability density and mean energy value. Depending upon the anisotropy, expressed by the ratio between the Fermi velocities along the x- and y -axes, the shape of the probability density is modified on the xy-plane with respect to the isotropic case and according to the classical dynamics.
Evaluating Machine Learning Classifiers for Hybrid Network Intrusion Detection Systems

Abstract : Existing classifier evaluation methods do not fully capture the intended use of classifiers in hybrid intrusion detection systems (IDS), systems that employ machine learning alongside a signature-based IDS. This research challenges traditional classifier evaluation methods in favor of a value-focused evaluation method that incorporates evaluator-specific weights for classifier and prediction threshold selection. By allowing the evaluator to weight known and unknown threat detection by alert classification, classifier selection is optimized to evaluator values for this application. The proposed evaluation methods are applied to a Cyber Defense Exercise (CDX) dataset. Network data is processed to produce connection-level features, then labeled using packet-level alerts from a signature-based IDS. Seven machine learning algorithms are evaluated using traditional methods and the value-focused method. Comparing results demonstrates fallacies with traditional methods that do not consider evaluator values. Classifier selection fallacies are revealed in 2 of 5 notional weighting schemes and prediction threshold selection fallacies are revealed in 5 of 5 weighting schemes.
DIFFERENTIAL COSTS OF A SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTER: AN EXPERIMENTAL TEST OF THE HANDICAP PRINCIPLE

The evolution of reliable signaling can be explained by the handicap principle, which assumes that (1) the cost of a signal guarantees its reliability, and (2) cheating is prevented because the cost of a unit of display is greater for low‐quality than for high‐quality individuals. A test of these two assumptions was performed using manipulations of the length of the outermost tail feathers of male barn swallows Hirundo rustica, a trait currently subject to a directional female mate preference. We found that survival decreased with tail elongation and increased with tail shortening of males, supporting the assumption that the secondary sexual character is costly. Naturally long‐tailed males were better able to survive with an elongated tail, whereas naturally short‐tailed males improved their survival following tail shortening. This observation supports the second assumption of a differential cost of a signal. One mechanism imposing differential costs on sexually signaling barn swallows is foraging. Males with elongated tails captured smaller, less profitable Diptera, whereas males with shortened tails captured large, profitable prey items. The conditions for reliable sexual signaling by the tail ornament of male barn swallows are thus fulfilled.
A PET camera simulator with multispectral data acquisition capabilities

The Sherbrooke positron emission tomography (PET) simulator was designed and built to investigate parameters which influence the performance of a high-resolution PET camera based on avalanche photodiode detectors. The simulator consists of a computer controlled scanning table with 32 detection channels shared between front-end cassettes and FASTBUS boards, and of a PC-based multichannel analyzer (MCA) used as a histogramming memory for multiparametric data acquisition. Tomographic data are collected by scanning one of two opposite arrays of detectors and by rotating the object in a predetermined sequence to simulate a complete ring of detectors with various sampling schemes. All acquisition parameters are programmable through digital-to-analog converters or onboard registers. Data can be acquired in several modes: calibration, where direct or coincident energy spectra from all detectors can be registered simultaneously; standard, where only energy-validated coincident events are histogrammed as lines-of-response addresses; and multispectral, where the LOR address is encoded with the energy information to provide a multiparameter histogram. Data samples obtained in these modes are presented. >
A Review Paper on Various Data Mining Techniques

Presently, a very large amount of data stored in databases is increasing at a tremendous speed. This requires a need for new techniques and tools to aid humans in automatically and intelligently analyzing large data sets to acquire useful information. This growing need gives a view for a new research field called Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) or Data Mining, which attract a attention from researchers in many different fields including database design, statistics, pattern recognition, machine learning, and data visualization. Data mining is the process of discovering insightful, interesting, and novel patterns, as well as descriptive, understandable and predictive models from large-scale data. In this paper we overviewed different tasks includes in Data mining. Data mining involves the tasks like anomaly detection, classification, regression, association rule learning, summarization and clustering.
Sharing and Hit based Prioritizing Replacement Algorithm for Multi-Threaded Applications

replacement techniques like LRU, MRU etc. that are currently being deployed across multi-core architecture platforms, try to classify elements purely based on the number of hits they receive during their stay in the cache. In multi- threaded applications data can be shared by multiple threads (which might run on the same core or across different cores). Such data needs to be given more priority when compared to private data because miss on those data items may stall the functioning of multiple threads resulting in performance bottleneck. Since the traditional algorithms mentioned above do not possess this additional capability, they might lead to sub-optimal performance for most of the current multi- threaded applications. To address this limitation, our paper proposes a Sharing and Hit Based Prioritizing (SHP) replacement strategy that takes the sharing status of the data elements into consideration while making replacement decisions. Every cache element is associated with a "Sharing Degree" which indicates the extent to which the element is shared based on the number of threads that try to access that element. There are four degrees of sharing namely - Not shared (or private), lightly shared, heavily shared and very heavily shared. Combining the sharing degree along with the number of hits received by the element, we embark on a priority based on which the replacement decisions are made. Evaluation results obtained using multi-threaded workloads derived from the PARSEC benchmark suite shows an average improvement of 4% to 5% in the overall hit rate when compared to LRU algorithm.
An Integrated Framework For QoS-aware Data Reporting In Wireless Sensor Networks

AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK FOR QOS-AWARE DATA REPORTING IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS HYUN JUNG CHOE, Ph.D. The University of Texas at Arlington, 2009 Supervising Professor: Sajal K. Das Wireless sensor networks are being deployed in a wide variety of applications such as environment monitoring, smart buildings, security, machine surveillance system, and so on. The deployment of sensor networks for a specific sensing application enhances the ability to control and examine the physical environments while collecting meaningful information from the monitoring area. In densely deployed networks, the sensor nodes located in an adjacent area detect the targeted phenomena in its sensing range and report the gathered (raw or processed) data to designated sinks via single-hop or multi-hop communication paths. Although the correlation of data from proximity sensors cause overheads in terms of energy consumption for data delivery and processing, yet they improve data accuracy. Therefore, the definition of quality of service (QoS) and the metrics to evaluate the performance of a wireless sensor network are different from traditional networks in that the QoS attributes highly depend on the specific sensing tasks and applications. While energy efficiency is an important consideration for designing algorithms and protocols for wireless sensor networks, other QoS parameters such as the coverage rate, the end-to-end delay,
Parasites and invasions: changes in gastrointestinal helminth assemblages in invasive and native rodents in senegal

Understanding why some exotic species become widespread and abundant in their colonized range is a fundamental issue that still needs to be addressed. Among many hypotheses, newly established host populations may benefit from a parasite loss (“enemy release” hypothesis) through impoverishment of their original parasite communities or reduced infection levels. Moreover, the fitness of competing native hosts may be affected by the acquisition of exotic taxa from invaders (“parasite spillover”) and/or by an increased transmission risk of native parasites due to their amplification by invaders (“parasite spillback”). We focused on gastrointestinal helminth communities to determine whether these predictions could explain the ongoing invasion success of the commensal house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) and black rat (Rattus rattus), as well as the associated drop of native Mastomys species, in Senegal. For both invasive species, our results were consistent with the predictions of the enemy release hypothesis. A decrease of helminth overall prevalence and individual species richness was observed along the invasion gradients as well as lower specific prevalence/abundance (Aspiculuris tetraptera in M. m. domesticus, Hymenolepis diminuta in R. rattus) on the invasion fronts. Conversely, we did not find strong evidence of helminth spill-over or spill-back in invasion fronts, where native and invasive rodents co-occurred. Further experimental research is needed to determine whether and how the loss of helminths and reduced infection levels along invasion routes may result in any advantageous effects on invader fitness and competitive advantage.
Prioritizing Computer Forensics Using Triage Techniques

There is a lot of information contained on a single computer and a company can contain a lot of computer and other devices. If there is a breach somewhere in this organization how will a forensic analyst find the source and extend of the breach? Investigating all of the computer is not doable, there are simply too much computers and information. One of the solutions to this problem is the use of forensic triage. This research combines a couple of forensic triage methods and uses these techniques to classify computers into either malicious or clean. This method was tested on two datasets, a generated set and a set containing computers from real companies. The first dataset was reduced by 50% where the remaining computers were all infected. The second dataset was reduced by 79%, the result included all of the malicious computers. Thus this method can be used successful to reduce the workload of forensic analysts.
Structure Reorganization Due to IT Information Functions Support for Knowledge Management

In the introduction of the paper, there is a description of information technology and its potential role in knowledge management in organizations. First part of article describes which knowledge management process is crucial for innovation-oriented organizations (in order to conclude what are the factors influencing structure reorganization to better facilitate innovation). It is determined through stepwise regression analysis of various factors which can influence the degree of innovation of organization. Four main knowledge management processes are included among the factors. Therefore, next part of article describes information technologies (IT) functions which can be necessary for the IT to support knowledge acquisition—one of knowledge management processes. Discussion concerning the problem of selecting IT function most important in innovation-oriented organization is included. After that, there are presented research results concluding if IT information function (as an important component which allows the knowledge acquisition) can influence organizational innovation by facilitating reorganization to organic-type structure (more adequate for innovation-oriented organizations). Conclusion of the article is that organizations with implemented IT information function operate based on more organic-type structure (which is significantly better for innovation-oriented organizations) then those, in which IT information functions are not implemented.
Towards an Arabic Web-based Information Retrieval System (ARABIRS): Stemming to Indexing

Arabic, the mother tongue of over 300 million people around the world, is known as one of the most difficult languages in Automatic Natural Language processing (NLP) in general and information retrieval in particular. Hence, Arabic cannot trust any web information retrieval system as reliable and relevant as Google search engine. In this context, we dared to focus all our researches to implement an Arabic web-based information retrieval system entitled ARABIRS (ARABic Information Retrieval System). Therefore, to launch such a process so long and hard, we will start with Indexing as one of the crucial steps of the system. General Terms Natural Languages Processing , Arabic Language Processing, Information Retrieval.