Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship between lower body stiffness and injury incidence in female netballers

Abstract The aim of this study was to provide contemporary information on injury rates in an elite and sub-elite netball population and to explore the relationship between lower body stiffness and lower body injuries. One elite and two sub-elite teams of female netballers (n = 29) performed the vertical hop test to assess active lower body stiffness (Kvert) and myometry to assess quasi-static stiffness. Lower body injuries were monitored via self-reporting and liaison with physiotherapists. Twelve lower body non-contact injuries were sustained by 10 players, equating to 11.29 lower body injuries per 1,000 exposure hours. The most commonly injured sites were the calf (33%) and ankle (25%). No significant differences between Kvert of injured and non-injured players were reported, however, injured elite players recorded significantly higher season mean quasi-static stiffness in the soleus (p = 0.037) and Achilles (p = 0.004) than non-injured elite players. Elite and sub-elite netball players recorded a higher injury incidence than previous reports of injuries in recreational netballers. Within the constraints of the study, relatively high stiffness of the soleus and Achilles appears to be related to lower body non-contact injury incidence in female netballers, particularly at the elite level. These results provide a basis for development of injury prevention strategies.
[Effect of Electroacupuncture Intervention on Behavior Changes and Levels of Hippocampal Transforming Growth Factor beta 3 and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Proteins in Depression Rats].

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on behavior changes and the adundance levels of transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-beta 3) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) proteins in the hippocampus of rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of depression. METHODS Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups: control, model, EA, and medication (Fluoxetine), n = 10 in each group. The depression model was established by CUMS combined with solitary raising for 28 days. EA (2 Hz, 0.6 mA) was applied to "Baihui" (GV 20) and "Yintang" (GV 29) for 20 mm, once daily before CUMS every day. The rats of the medication group were given with Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, 5 mL/kg) before CUMS every day. The behavioral changes (crossing and rearing locomotion) were detected by using open field tests. The expression levels of TGF-beta 3 and bFGF proteins of the bilateral hippocampus tissues were detected using biotin label-based antibody protein chips. Results Compared to the control group, the crossed grid-square numbers and rearing times were significantly decreased in the model group (P<0.01). Following EA and medication interventions, the CUMS induced decreases of the crossed grid-square number and rearing times were notably reversed in both EA and medication groups (P<0.01), suggesting an amelioration of depression after the intervention. The relative expression level of hippocampal TGF-beta 3 was down-regulated (fold change = 0.48, vs. the control group) and that of bFGF up-regulated (fold change= 1.36, vs the control group) in the model group. In both the EA and medication groups, the down-regulated TGF-beta 3 expression and the up-regulated bFGF protein expression were suppressed (TGF-beta 3: fold change = 1.61, 1.6 and bFGF: fold change = 0.61, 0.45, vs. the model group respectively). CONCLUSION EA can improve the depression-like state in depression rats which may be associated with its effect in up-regulating hippocampal TGF-beta 3 protein level and down-regulating bFGF protein expression via promoting neurogenesis.
Graduates', university lecturers' and employers' perceptions towards employability skills

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore employability skills that employers, university lecturers and graduates value to bring to the workplace, when graduates are applying for entry‐level graduate jobs in the field of computer science in Sri Lanka.Design/methodology/approach – A total of three samples were selected for this exploratory study, namely, graduates, employers, and university lecturers. Three self‐administered survey questionnaires were developed targeting the three groups. In addition to descriptive statistics, paired sample t‐test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and correlation analysis were used for the data analysis.Findings – The findings suggested that there are differences in the priorities given for employability skills by the four groups – male graduates, female graduates, employers, and university lecturers. Further, the findings suggest that employability skills are influenced by the gender of the graduates. Overall, the findings of the study could be used to assist universi.
Design of filtenna with fractal defected ground structure

In the paper, we discuss the design of a planar low-pass filter with a fractal defected ground structure which can behave like a filtenna in the second pass-band frequency range. When removing the output port, the filter behaves like an antenna with the same operation range about 6.80 GHz. A rough model of the filtenna was optimized by CST Designer Studio and functionality of the designed filtenna was verified by simulations in full wave CST Microwave Studio. At present, we prepare an experimental verification.
Control of iron de fi ciency anemia in low-and middle-income countries

Nossal Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia; Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Molecular Immunology and MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; and Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Expression of Pro‐Inflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine mRNA Upon Experimental Spinal Cord Injury in Mouse: an In Situ Hybridization Study

Injury to the spinal cord induces a complex cascade of cellular reactions at the local lesion area: secondary cell death and inflammatory reactions as well as scar and cavity formation take place. In order to investigate the molecular features underlying this local wounding response and to determine their pathophysiological implications, we studied the expression pattern of pro‐inflammatory and chemoattractant cytokines in an experimental spinal cord injury model in mouse. We show by in situ hybridization that transcripts for the pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL‐1 as well as the chemokines MIP‐1 α and MIP‐1β are upregulated within the first hour following injury. In this early phase, the expression of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines is restricted to cells in the surroundings of the lesion area probably resident CNS cells. While TNFα is expressed in a very narrow time window, IL‐1 can be detected in a second phase in a subset of polymorphonuclear granulocytes which immigrate into the spinal cord around 6 h. Message for the chemokines MIP‐1α and β is expressed in a generalized way in the grey matter of the entire spinal cord around 24 h and gets again restricted to the cellular infiltrate at the lesion site at 4 days following injury. Interestingly, our data suggest that resident CNS cells, most probably microglial cells, and not peripheral inflammatory cells, are the main source for cytokine and chemokine mRNAs. The defined cytokine pattern observed indicates that the inflammatory events upon lesioning the CNS are tightly controlled. The very early expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokine and chemokine messages may represent an important element of the recruitment of inflammatory cells. Additional pathophysiological consequences of the specific cytokine pattern observed remain to be determined.
Ten‐year review of non‐ruptured aortic aneurysms

Between 1978 and 1987, 587 cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm were operated on in the Vascular Unit of the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh. Over this ten‐year period there was a dramatic increase in the number of patients treated. Rupture had occurred in 278 patients. Of the 309 patients with non‐ruptured aneurysm 175 were asymptomatic, 84 were symptomatic and 50 were acutely symptomatic. Two hundred and fifty‐nine patients underwent elective operation and the 50 acutely symptomatic patients were operated on as emergencies. The overall mortality for the non‐ruptured series was 2·9 per cent. The mortality in patients undergoing elective surgery was 1·9 per cent (1·1 per cent in asymptomatic and 3·6 per cent in symptomatic patients) and 4·0 per cent for patients undergoing emergency surgery.
Geophysical Variables and Behavior: XXV. Alterations in Memory for a Narrative following Application of Theta Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

Subjects were asked to listen to a 3-min. narrative. During Min. 1, 2, or 3 of the narrative, subjects were exposed for 60 sec. to either 5-Hz or 20-Hz electromagnetic fields or to a sham field condition. The fields were generated by commercial devices and applied externally to the side of the head at the level of the temporal lobe. The transcript of each subject's version of the narrative was evaluated by discourse analyses for the numbers of direct recalls or of inferences for each of the three segments. Subjects who had received the 5-Hz fields during Min. 1 and 2 of the narrative displayed twice as many inferences for the material that had been presented during Min. 1 only compared to the 20-Hz groups who did not differ from the sham-field subjects. We hypothesize that there are small alterations in the processing of complex series of verbal stimuli by these weak, theta frequency electromagnetic fields. They might not affect the amount of recall but they may influence the details of recall.
Passive time delay estimation for complex noncircular signals

This paper addresses the passive time delay estimation (TDE) issue for complex signals. First, we derive the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator for the white Gaussian complex signal model with uncorrelated circular noise whereas the source signal is not restricted to be circular. Then, we present another TDE method using only the conjugate cross-correlation (CCC) measure to deal better with correlated noise for noncircular signals. Moreover, the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of passive TDE is generalized to circular complex signals.
Silicon photonic devices for the mid-infrared

In this paper, we present our recent results on the development of passive devices for short-wave infrared and MIR applications. SOI platform is used and several devices, like waveguides, MMIs, spirals, unbalanced MZI, are designed, fabricated and characterized at the wavelengths of 2μm and 3. 8μm.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL COUNTERPART OF FERMI BLACK WIDOW MILLISECOND PULSAR PSR J1544+4937

We report the optical identification of the companion to the Fermi black widow millisecond pulsar PSR J1544+4937. We find a highly variable source on Keck Low Resolution Imaging Spectrometer images at the nominal pulsar position, with 2 mag variations over orbital period in the B, g, R, and I bands. The nearly achromatic light curves are difficult to explain with a simply irradiated hemisphere model, and suggest that the optical emission is dominated by a nearly isothermal hot patch on the surface of the companion facing the pulsar. We roughly constrain the distance to PSR J1544+4937 to be between 2 and 5 kpc. A more reliable distance measurement is needed in order to constrain the composition of the companion.
Memory colors of familiar objects.

The memory colors of ten familiar, naturally occurring objects have been determined. Fifty observers chose their memory colors from an array of 931 Munsell color chips. The variability of the judgments is shown and their means are compared with the average chromaticities of the corresponding natural objects. The ten mean memory colors were all significantly different from the natural colors. Each memory color tended to be more characteristic of the dominant chromatic attribute of the object in question; grass was more green, bricks more red, etc. In most cases, saturation and lightness increased in memory.
HD-VCR codec for studio application using quadtree structured binary symbols in wavelet transform domain

A hierarchical wavelet transform coding structure which satisfies the requirements of a high definition video cassette recorder (HD-VCR) for studio application in wireless environments is proposed. All of the coefficients in the transformed image are adaptively quantized and hierarchically converted into a single stream or binary symbols using the monotone decreasing property. The resulting bit stream goes through an adaptive arithmetic coder, and two-level control of the bit rate is performed so as to maintain a constant target bit rate. The proposed algorithm can be efficiently implemented with much reduced computing time for the real world application. It is verified by simulation that for a test sequence of images at least 4 dB of PSNR improvement can be achieved compared with other DCT-based schemes at a constant target bit rate, avoiding the blocking effect which would be impossible otherwise.
Multi-strategy parsing and its role in robust man-machine communication

Robust natural language interpretation requires strong semantic domain models, "fai lsoft" recovery heuristics, flexible control structures, and focused user interaction when automatic correct ion proves infeasible. Al though single-strategy parsers have met with some success, a multi-strategy approach, with strategies selected dynamically according to the type of construct ion being parsed at any given time, is shown to provide a higher degree of flexibility, redundancy, and ability to bring task-specific domain knowledge (in addition to general linguistic knowledge) to bear on both grammatical and ungrammatical input. This construction-specif ic, multi-strategy approach can also help provide tightly focused interaction with the user in cases of semantic or structural ambiguity by allowing such ambiguities to be represented without dupl icat ion of unambiguous material. The approach also aids in task-specific language development by allowing direct interpretation of languages defined in terms natural to the task domain. A parsing algorithm integrating case-frame instantiation and partial pattern matching strategies is presented. The algorithm can deal with conjunct ions, fragmentary input, and ungrammatical structures, as well as less exotic, grammatically correct input. This research was sponsored in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DOD), ARPA Order No. 3597, monitored by the Air Force Avionics Laboratory under contract F33615-78-C-1551, and in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract F49620-79-C-0143. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of DARPA, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research or the US government. University Libraries Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213-389©
Near-field focusing transmitarray lens

A new Near-Field focusing antenna based on a transmitarray lens working at 10GHz is presented in this contribution. Besides, a simple model for analyzing the Near-Field of a transmitarray based on array-based calculations, in which the spillover field is taken into account for more accurate results, is presented. The model is validated by comparing its results and the ones obtained in a full-wave simulation of the antenna with a commercial software and, also, the effect of the spillover is studied. Finally, several lens designs are presented and analyzed using the model presented in this contribution.
Goal-Setting Protocol in Adherence to Exercise by Italian Adults

A goal-setting protocol, based on research in goal setting and performance and personal construct theory, was tested for its effect on adherence to a new exercise program. The Goal-setting group (n = 50) had significantly less dropout (30%) than the control group (n = 50) (74%). The Goal-setting group also had significantly better attendance (p<.0001). Suggestions for increasing confidence in findings through further research and practical implications of using the protocol to improve exercise maintenance across settings were discussed.
INDEHISCENT and SPATULA Interact to Specify Carpel and Valve Margin Tissue and Thus Promote Seed Dispersal in Arabidopsis[W]

Mobile signals provided by hormones and morphogens are essential to organize multicellular structures. This article demonstrates that the joint activity of two bHLH transcription factors is required at two separate stages during Arabidopsis gynoecium and fruit development. In both instances, these factors mediate their function by ensuring appropriate distribution of the plant hormone auxin. Structural organization of organs in multicellular organisms occurs through intricate patterning mechanisms that often involve complex interactions between transcription factors in regulatory networks. For example, INDEHISCENT (IND), a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, specifies formation of the narrow stripes of valve margin tissue, where Arabidopsis thaliana fruits open on maturity. Another bHLH transcription factor, SPATULA (SPT), is required for reproductive tissue development from carpel margins in the Arabidopsis gynoecium before fertilization. Previous studies have therefore assigned the function of SPT to early gynoecium stages and IND to later fruit stages of reproductive development. Here we report that these two transcription factors interact genetically and via protein–protein contact to mediate both gynoecium development and fruit opening. We show that IND directly and positively regulates the expression of SPT, and that spt mutants have partial defects in valve margin formation. Careful analysis of ind mutant gynoecia revealed slight defects in apical tissue formation, and combining mutations in IND and SPT dramatically enhanced both single-mutant phenotypes. Our data show that SPT and IND at least partially mediate their joint functions in gynoecium and fruit development by controlling auxin distribution and suggest that this occurs through cooperative binding to regulatory sequences in downstream target genes.
Dynamic Properties of Flat-Panel X-Ray Image Sensors With Mercury Iodide Photoconductors Undergoing Repeated X-Ray Irradiation

A screen-printed mercury iodide (HgI2) photoconductor for digital tomosynthesis exhibits considerably reduced signals when subjected to consecutive exposures to X-ray irradiation. This behavior accounts for the trapping of charges generated on previous X-ray shots near the HgI2/electrode interface. These trapped charges create the conditions that deter subsequent charges generated by the next X-ray shot from traveling from the photoconductor into the electrode. Such conditions can be improved significantly by switching the bias polarity of the photoconductor with an illuminating light under the image sensor. In addition, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is optimum when the duration of the illuminating light is 1 s longer than the applied time of the positive bias. Increases in the bias switching/lighting combination time for obtaining the best SNR are required with increasing amounts of incident X-ray exposure. Such results obtained from making adjustments in the technique for using screen-printed HgI2 photoconductors for digital tomosynthesis indicate promising results for improving the diagnostic accuracy of this digital imaging method for breast cancer screening while mitigating patients’ X-ray exposure.
Aksular Metaztazı Olan Meme Kanserlerinle İmmunobiyolojileri

Ankara üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Genel Cer­ rahi Anabilim Dalına yatırılan ¡0 meme kanseri vakasına simple mastektomi ve axillar diseksiyon yapıldı. Ameliyattan sonra hastalarda axillar melas tazı olanların İmmunobiyolojileri, DNCB deri testi ve T-Lenfosit düzeyleri ile araştırıldı. Axil­ lar metastaz olan vakalarda DNCB deri testi ile saptanan gecikmiş hipersensitivite düşük bulun­ du. T-Lenfosit düzeyide düşüktü.
Evaluation of five conventional and molecular approaches for diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis in non‐HIV‐infected patients

Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a life‐threatening mycosis primarily occurring in HIV‐infected individuals. Recently, non‐HIV‐infected hosts were increasingly reported to form a considerable proportion. However, the majority of the reported studies on the diagnosis of CM patients were performed on HIV‐infected patients. For evaluation of various diagnostic approaches for CM in non‐HIV‐infected patients, a range of conventional and molecular assays used for diagnosis of CM were verified on 85 clinical CSFs from non‐HIV‐infected CM patients, including India ink staining, culture, a newly developed loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), the lateral flow assay (LFA) of cryptococcal antigen detection and a qPCR assay. The LFA had the highest positive detection rate (97.6%; 95% CI, 91.8–99.7%) in non‐HIV‐infected CM patients, followed by the LAMP (87.1%; 95% CI, 78.0–93.4%), the qPCR (80.0%; 95% CI, 69.9–87.9%), India ink staining (70.6%; 95% CI, 59.7–80.0%) and culture (35.3%; 95% CI, 25.2–46.4%). All culture positive specimens were correctly identified by the LFA.
COORDINATED ANALYSES OF PRESOLAR GRAINS IN THE ALLAN HILLS 77307 AND QUEEN ELIZABETH RANGE 99177 METEORITES

We report the identification of presolar silicates (∼177 ppm), presolar oxides (∼11 ppm), and one presolar SiO2 grain in the Allan Hills (ALHA) 77307 chondrite. Three grains having Si-isotopic compositions similar to SiC X and Z grains were also identified, though the mineral phases are unconfirmed. Similar abundances of presolar silicates (∼152 ppm) and oxides (∼8 ppm) were also uncovered in the primitive CR chondrite Queen Elizabeth Range (QUE) 99177, along with 13 presolar SiC grains and one presolar silicon nitride. The O-isotopic compositions of the presolar silicates and oxides indicate that most of the grains condensed in low-mass red giant and asymptotic giant branch stars. Interestingly, unlike presolar oxides, few presolar silicate grains have isotopic compositions pointing to low-metallicity, low-mass stars (Group 3). The 18O-rich (Group 4) silicates, along with the few Group 3 silicates that were identified, likely have origins in supernova outflows. This is supported by their O- and Si-isotopic compositions. Elemental compositions for 74 presolar silicate grains were determined by scanning Auger spectroscopy. Most of the grains have non-stoichiometric elemental compositions inconsistent with pyroxene or olivine, the phases commonly used to fit astronomical spectra, and have comparable Mg and Fe contents. Non-equilibrium condensation and/or secondary alteration could produce the high Fe contents. Transmission electron microscopic analysis of three silicate grains also reveals non-stoichiometric compositions, attributable to non-equilibrium or multistep condensation, and very fine scale elemental heterogeneity, possibly due to subsequent annealing. The mineralogies of presolar silicates identified in meteorites thus far seem to differ from those in interplanetary dust particles.