Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary State Decomposition for Temporal Planning

Applying a Divide-and-Conquer strategy for solving Planning Problems has been investigated in various deterministic approaches in order to reduce time complexity, though sometimes at the cost of a lower quality solution plan. This paper presents a stochastic method for Planning Decomposition which focuses on plan quality. The scope is Temporal Planning as defined by PDDL2.1, where the problems are described using actions with duration and where plan quality is the total makespan. An evolutionary algorithm learns tractable sequences of sub-problems without using any structural properties of the problem, and a compression routine further optimizes the simple concatenation of the sub-plans. The approach is demonstrated on IPC-6 domains, and compared to both SGPLAN, the winner of the competition, and to the BASELINE planner provided by the organizers. Results validate the concept and show quality improvement.
Growth of WS 2 flakes on Ti 3 C 2 T x Mxene Using Vapor Transportation Routine

Two-dimensional dichalcogenides (TMDs) and mxene junctions had been predicted to possess distinct tunable electronic properties. However, direct synthesis of WS2 on Ti3C2Tx mxene is still challenging. Herein, we successfully deposited WS2 onto the surface of Ti3C2Tx mxene by employing the vapor transportation (VT) routine. By modulating pressure and source-sample distance, multilayer and monolayer (1 L) WS2 flakes were deposited onto the lateral side and top surface of Ti3C2Tx flakes. The 1 L WS2 flakes growing on lateral side of Ti3C2Tx flake have much higher photoluminescence (PL) intensity than 1 L flakes growing on the top surface. Our study has the potential to benefit the design and preparation of novel electronic and electrochemical devices based on TMDs/mxene junctions.
Quantitative description for the growth rate of self-induced GaN nanowires

V. Consonni,1,2,* V. G. Dubrovskii,3,4 A. Trampert,1 L. Geelhaar,1 and H. Riechert1 1Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany 2Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, CNRS—Grenoble INP, 3 parvis Louis Néel 38016 Grenoble, France 3St. Petersburg Academic University, Khlopina 8/3, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia 4Ioffe Physical Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia (Received 2 February 2012; revised manuscript received 6 March 2012; published 12 April 2012)
eview edicinal and therapeutic potential of Sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L . )

Ethnopharmacological context: This review explores the medicinal and therapeutic applications of Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) in curtailing different types of acute as well as chronic maladies. The plant is being used in different parts of the world for its nutritional and medicinal properties. Materials and methods: Sea buckthorn based preparations have been extensively exploited in folklore treatment of slow digestion, stomach malfunctioning, cardiovascular problems, liver injury, tendon and ligament injuries, skin diseases and ulcers. In the recent years, medicinal and pharmacological activities of Sea buckthorn have been well investigated using various in vitro and in vivo models as well as limited
RECTIFIED GRADIENT: LAYER-WISE THRESHOLDING

Saliency map, or the gradient of the score function with respect to the input, is the most basic means of interpreting deep neural network decisions. However, saliency maps are often visually noisy. Although several hypotheses were proposed to account for this phenomenon, there is no work that provides a rigorous analysis of noisy saliency maps. This may be a problem as numerous advanced attribution methods were proposed under the assumption that the existing hypotheses are true. In this paper, we identify the cause of noisy saliency maps. Then, we propose Rectified Gradient, a simple method that significantly improves saliency maps by alleviating that cause. Experiments showed effectiveness of our method and its superiority to other attribution methods. Codes and examples for the experiments will be released in public.
Deposition and Characterization of Chemically Synthesized Copper Indium diSelenide (CIS) Thin Films for Solar Energy Applications

: High energy band gap CIS thin films have been generated for the design of photovoltaics/solar cells using chemical bath deposition technique. The deposition was based on the reaction between aqueous solutions of CuCl2.2H2O, InCl3.4H2O and Na2SeSO3, in an alkaline medium of NH3(aq), TEA and EDTA being the complexing agents. Optical properties of the deposited thin films were measured with the aid of Avantes UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer in the wavelength range 200-900nm. Also, the electrical properties (reflection, transmission and absorption data) were obtained using Four Point-Probe machine. Results obtained from the optical and electrical characterization of the films indicate that CIS can be potentially used as window layers in hetero-junction solar cells because they exhibited high band gap energy and low electrical resistivity which are required properties for window layers.
Adaptive Strategies for Accelerating the Convergence of Average Cost Markov Decision Processes Using a Moving Average Digital Filter

This paper proposes a technique to accelerate the convergence of the value iteration algorithm applied to discrete average cost Markov decision processes. An adaptive partial information value iteration algorithm is proposed that updates an increasingly accurate approximate version of the original problem with a view to saving computations at the early iterations, when one is typically far from the optimal solution. The proposed algorithm is compared to classical value iteration for a broad set of adaptive parameters and the results suggest that significant computational savings can be obtained, while also ensuring a robust performance with respect to the parameters.
Summary of Literature Review : Criteria for Use of High-dose Oral Proton Pump Inhibitors

These criteria were based on the best clinical evidence currently available. The recommendations in this document are dynamic, and will be revised as new clinical information becomes available. This guidance is intended to assist practitioners in providing consistent, high-quality, cost-effective drug therapy. These criteria are not intended to interfere with clinical judgment; the clinician must ultimately decide the course of therapy based on individual patient situations.
Effects of Langmuir Turbulence on Upper Ocean Carbonate Chemistry

Effects of wave‐driven Langmuir turbulence on the air‐sea flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) are examined using large eddy simulations featuring actively reacting carbonate chemistry in the ocean mixed layer at small scales. Four strengths of Langmuir turbulence are examined with three types of carbonate chemistry: time‐dependent chemistry, instantaneous equilibrium chemistry, and no reactions. The time‐dependent model is obtained by reducing a detailed eight‐species chemical mechanism using computational singular perturbation analysis, resulting in a quasi steady state approximation for hydrogen ion (H+); that is, fixed pH. The reduced mechanism is then integrated in two half‐time steps before and after the advection solve using a Runge‐Kutta‐Chebyshev scheme that is robust for stiff systems of differential equations. The simulations show that as the strength of Langmuir turbulence increases, CO2 fluxes are enhanced by rapid overturning of the near‐surface layer, which rivals the removal rate of CO2 by time‐dependent reactions. Equilibrium chemistry and nonreactive models are found to bring more and less carbon, respectively, into the ocean as compared to the more realistic time‐dependent model. These results have implications for Earth system models that either neglect Langmuir turbulence or use equilibrium, instead of time‐dependent, chemical mechanisms.
Interactive comment on “ Assessment and quantification of marginal lands for biomass production in Europe using soil quality indicators ” by Werner Gerwin et al

General comments: The paper presents a methodology to assess and map marginal lands for biomass production for energy purposes using Muencheberg soil quality indicators (SQR) framework and GIS procedures. The demonstration of practical applicability of bioenergy production on marginal areas is carried on six European case study sites representing different types of marginal lands, method of bioenergy production and climate regimes. Moreover, SQR method is adapted for GIS analysis by means of pre-existent European database. As such, marginal lands potentials available for biomass production and for certain bioenergy crops have been mapped and quantified across Europe. The objective of the study is of outstanding interest not only for the scientific community but also for supporting European policies to identify areas
Does Oil Price Drive World Food Prices? Evidence from Linear and Nonlinear ARDL Modeling

The macroeconomic outcomes of oil price fluctuations have been at the forefront of the debate among economists, financial analysts and policymakers over the last decades. Among others, the oil price–food price nexus has particularly received a great deal of attention. While an abundant body of literature has focused on the linear relationship between oil price and food price, little is known regarding the nonlinear interactions between them. The aim of this paper is to conduct aggregated and disaggregated analyses of the impact of the Brent and West Texas Intermediate (WTI) oil prices on international food prices between January 1990 and October 2017. The empirical investigation is based on the estimation of linear and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models. The findings confirm the presence of asymmetries since the overall food price is only affected by positive shocks on oil price in the long-run. While the dairy price index reacts to both positive and negative changes of oil price, the impact of oil price increases is found to be greater. Finally, the asymmetry is present for some other agricultural commodity prices in the short-run, since they respond only to oil price decreases. All in all, the study concludes that studies assuming the presence of a symmetric impact of oil price on food price might be flawed. The findings are important for the undertaking of future studies and the design of international and national policies in the fight against food insecurity.
Analysis of CRT-based Watermarking Technique for Authentication of Multimedia Content

Watermarking techniques are widely used for image authentication and copyright protection. Weaknesses of the “A novel CRT-based watermarking technique for authentication of multimedia contents,” [12] are analyzed in this study. 4 attacks are proposed to analysis of this method. These attacks are most significant bits, modulo number, tamper detection probability calculation and algorithm analysis attacks. The proposed attacks clearly show that the crt-based method is a data hiding method but this method is not used as image authentication method. The title of presented method in Ref. [12] include “authentication” but the authors of Ref. [12] evaluated their method in view of copyright protection. The fragile watermarking methods for image authentication should consist of watermark generation, watermark embedding, watermark extraction and tamper detection but Ref. [12] has no watermark generation, tamper detection and tampered area localization algorithms. The proposed attacks are demonstrated that Ref. [12] cannot be utilized as an image authentication method and Ref. [12] is not effectively coded.
USE OF SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERS IN INTERNALLY CURED CONCRETE- A REVIEW

Internal Curing of Concrete has been a topic of considerable interest to researchers in the last couple of years coinciding with the growing demand of high strength concrete (HSC) in construction. In HSC the rate of absorption of water into the concrete microstructure is more than the rate at which water gets absorbed into the concrete matrix. This is a problem which prevents conventional methods of curing of water from being successfully implemented in HSC. Therefore we turn to alternate materials which can absorb, hold and supply water as required, and which also fulfill the role of aggregate such as lightweight aggregate or with the use of superabsorbent polymers (SAP). We could also use shrinkage reducing admixtures like polyethylene-glycol. The water molecules present in these materials are pulled out due to the pressure created in the concrete matrix as water is used up during the curing process. This is also a useful tool for areas where conventional curing is very difficult such as extreme climatic conditions which can lead to excessive evaporation and freezing. Also it will save water losses at sites, which is a growing concern in the construction business as we move towards a more efficient use of our limited resources.
PAPR Reduction of Coded OFDM Signals

A wide range of techniques have been proposed to reduce the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signals with different trade-offs between PAPR reduction and Bit Error Rate (BER) performance degradation. Usually these techniques are studied in an uncoded context and over an ideal Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel, and a compromise between PAPR and BER degradation is achieved depending on the adopted constellation. In this paper, we go further and compare several PAPR reduction techniques for Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) constellations under a typical coded OFDM scenario with time-dispersive channels. Our results show that low complexity techniques as clipping can have a good trade-off between PAPR reduction and BER degradation close to the one of the best techniques analyzed, even in a scenario with multipath timedispersive channel and for relatively large QAM constellations. Once that is shown that clipping is a good choice for PAPR reduction, it opens a subject in the study of PAPR reduction techniques in order to improve its behavior. We also consider the PAPR reduction as a constrained optimization problem which, although too complex to solve, provides an approximate bound on the achievable PAPR.
The Lie algebra of endomorphisms of an infinite-dimensional vector space

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39. Heightened Phonological Priming During Ambiguity: Modeling Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia

Background: Theory of mind (ToM) is an aspect of social cognition which refers in part to the capacity to perceive and understand other people’s mental state. Deficits in these mentalizing processes are commonly observed in both schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and are thus evident in disorders with very different symptoms and clinical presentations. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of all published data examining ToM deficits in schizophrenia and autism in order to determine whether these two disorders have distinct deficit profiles across multiple domains of ToM. We additionally aimed to explore the relationship between clinical symptoms and phase of illness on ToM deficits in schizophrenia. Methods: A literature search identified 74 eligible studies in schizophrenia involving 3555 cases and 22 studies in ASD involving 810 cases, as of August 2016. Meta-analyses were conducted to calculate the pooled effect size of deficits for each patient group in each ToM domain. Results: As expected, significant theory of mind deficits were observed in both schizophrenia and ASD. Strikingly, the most significantly impaired ToM domain in schizophrenia was understanding verbal intention (g = −1.33) followed by indirect speech (g = −1.09), second-order false belief (g = −0.89), faux-pas −0.88), emotional ToM (g = −0.76) and firstorder false belief (g = −0.61). Understanding visual intention was not significantly impaired. In ASD, the most impaired domain was understanding indirect speech (g = −1.40), followed by faux-pas (g = −1.27), emotional ToM (g = −0.75), and understanding false belief (g = −0.467). Intention inferencing was not significantly impaired in ASD (g = −0.01). Planned meta-regression analyses revealed that positive symptoms significantly modulated the magnitude of deficit across several ToM domains in schizophrenia. Conclusion: Common symptoms of schizophrenia, such as paranoia and persecutory ideas, chime with the greatest observed ToM deficit observed here, which was understanding verbal intention, which was not impaired in ASD. Conversely, understanding meaning in speech was most impaired in ASD, but this was less impaired in schizophrenia. This study reveals that schizophrenia and ASD populations have distinct ToM deficit profiles. Understanding differences in ToM deficit profiles can help differentiate the clinical phenotypes of these disorders in a way that might enhance the identification of disorder-specific behavioral markers and the development of explanatory models and new treatments.
Enhanced Stellar Activity for Slow Antisolar Differential Rotation?

High-precision photometry of solar-like members of the open cluster M67 with Kepler/K2 data has recently revealed enhanced activity for stars with a large Rossby number, which is the ratio of rotation period to the convective turnover time. Contrary to the well established behavior for shorter rotation periods and smaller Rossby numbers, the chromospheric activity of the more slowly rotating stars of M67 was found to increase with increasing Rossby number. Such behavior has never been reported before, although it was theoretically predicted to emerge as a consequence of antisolar differential rotation (DR) for stars with Rossby numbers larger than that of the Sun, because in those models the absolute value of the DR was found to exceed that for solar-like DR. Using gyrochronological relations and an approximate age of 4 Gyr for the members of M67, we compare with computed rotation rates using just the B − V color. The resulting rotation–activity relation is found to be compatible with that obtained by employing the measured rotation rate. This provides additional support for the unconventional enhancement of activity at comparatively low rotation rates and the possible presence of antisolar differential rotation.
Ordered group invariants for nonorientable one-dimensional generalized solenoids

Let f: X → X be an edge-wrapping rule which presents a one-dimensional generalized solenoid X and let M be the adjacency matrix of f. When X is a wedge of circles and f leaves the unique branch point fixed, we show that the stationary dimension group of M is an invariant of homeomorphism of X even if X is not orientable.
A Study on GAP Analysis of Service Quality of Health Insurance Sector

It is evident from current economic scenario that private insurance companies are penetrating the untapped Indian insurance market and settling their roots. Be it life insurance or general insurance like health they are marking their presence with their innovative products, qualitative services and process, competitive pricing, personal security, etc. All these affect customer expectation and perception regarding services offered by companies. In this study various service quality dimensions have been extracted on the basis of SERVQUAL model . This study focuses on service quality and customers' satisfaction of health insurance companies in Indore city. Total 395 customers have been taken as respondents from health insurance companies in Indore city. Data has been collected by applying non probabilistic judgemental sampling method by using a structured questionnaire. Questionnaire has been framed on the basis of SERVQUAL model. Data has been analyzed by using average, percentage, frequency distribution, gap-score and Paired't-test'. From the analysis, it has been concluded that customers are satisfied with the services of health insurance companies . It has been found that there is a positive gap between customers' perception and customers' expectation.
Polymorphic Behavioural Lock Effects for Deadlock Checking

Deadlocks are a common problem for concurrent programs, in particular where multiple threads are accessing shared mutually exclusive resources synchronized by locks. As the scheduling at run-time affects the occurrence of a deadlock, deadlocks may only occur occasionally, and therefore are difficult to detect. Whether or not a deadlock exists in a specific run in a particular program mainly depends on if the running program encounters a number of processes forming a circular chain, where each process waits for shared resources held by the others [4]. One common way to prevent deadlocks is to statically ensure that such cycles on locks or resources in general can never occur. This can be achieved by arranging shared resources in some partial order and enforcing that the resources are accessed in accordance with that order. This idea has, e.g., been formalized in a type-theoretic setting in the form of deadlock types [3]. The static system presented in [3] supports also type inference (and besides deadlocks, prevents race conditions, as well). Deadlock types are also used in [1], but not for static deadlock prevention, but for improving the efficiency for deadlock avoidance at run-time. In contrast, we use a behavioural type and effect system [2, 6] to capture lock interaction and use that behavioural description to explore an abstraction of the state space to detect potential deadlocks. The effects of our system express the relevant behaviour of a concurrent program with regard to reentrant locks. To detect potential deadlocks, we execute the abstraction of the actual behaviour to spot cyclic waiting for shared locks among parallel threads in the program. In our previous work [7], we define a type and effect system formalizing the sketched approach. The system presented there has two important restrictions: first of all, it is explicitly typed, which forces the user to declare functions by specifying its expected lock behaviour (in terms of the function’s effect). Putting that burden on programmers is clearly unwelcome. Secondly, based on sub-effecting as the only form of polymorphism, the formalization suffers from a lack of precision and therefore reports more spurious deadlocks than necessary. To improve the precision, we propose in this paper a lock-polymorphic extension of that work, which addresses the two mentioned weaknesses. The formulation also can serve as the specification for type and effect inference system.
Mediating Social Media's Ambivalences in the Context of Informational Capitalism

This essay explores the dialectics of media, by considering the socially reproductive and transformative function of social media from a political economic perspective. The authors claim that while media have consistently generated aspirations and fear of social change, their powerful capability of shaping societies depend on the historically specific social relations in which media operate. They engage such an argument by examining how the productive relations that support user generated content practices such as the ones of Facebook users affect social media in their capability to reproduce and transform existing social contexts. In the end, the authors maintain that the most prominent mediation of social media consists of the ambivalent nature of current capitalist mode of production: a contest in which exploitative/emancipatory as well as reproductive/transformative aspects are articulated by liberal ideology.