Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Läkemedelsbehandling och bemötande vid beteendemässiga och psykiska symtom vid demenssjukdom – BPSD

BPSD (Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia) är ett samlingsbegrepp för Beteendemässiga och Psykologiska Symtom vid Demenssjukdom. BPSD har identifierats som en del i olika demensformer redan i de tidigaste beskrivningarna. Till exempel noterade Esquirol (1) i sin definition av ”démence sénile” 1838 att detta tillstånd ofta åtföljs av emotionella störningar. Den första beskrivningen av den sjukdom, som idag bär hans namn, gavs av Alois Alzheimer i ett föredrag den 3 november 1906, då han presenterade Mrs Auguste Deters sjukhistoria. Han hade då noterat en rad ovanliga beteendemässiga symtom, kombinerade med förlust av korttidsminnet. De symtom Alzheimer noterade som karakteristiska inkluderade: paranoia, • vanföreställningar om sexuellt utnyttjande, • hallucinationer, • skrik. • BPSD inkluderande aggressivt beteende och synhallucinationer har även beskrivits vid andra demensformer, till exempel Vaskulär Demens (VaD) samt vid Lewy Body-demens. BPSD ingår också i moderna definitioner av demens. Man kan till exempel notera att man i DSMIV (2) har separata koder för Alzheimerdemens med vanföreställningar, Alzheimerdemens med depressiv förstämning och Alzheimerdemens med konfusion. Det var dock först under 1980-talet som BPSD blev mera uppmärksammat. Vissa tolkade symtomen som uppkomna till följd av neuropatologiska förändringar eller förändringar hos neurotransmittorer medan andra fokuserade mera på personlighet och psykosociala faktorer.
Comparison of glue ablation and endovenous thermal ablation of small saphenous vein and early and midterm results

The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare the early and midterm post - operative outcomes of glue ablation and endovenous thermal ablation of the small saphenous vein. From January 2015 to January 2017, 26 consecutive patients who had admitted to our clinic with symptomatic chronic venous in - sufficiency of small saphenous vein who underwent either glue ablation and endovenous thermal ablation were included in this retrospective study. A total of 26 patients (12 males, 14 females; mean age 39.69±9.88 years; range 27 to 62 years) with 30 legs who underwent either glue ablation and endovenous thermal ablation either tumescent or local anesthesia were included in this study. BMI was 25,6 ±2.3 (range, 18.8-32.7). 20 patients (76.9%) were CEAP 2 and 6 pa tients (23.1%) were in CEAP 3 classification. The mean size of the treated small saphenous vein was 4,7±1,6 mm (range, 2.5-6 mm). Simultaneous phlebectomy was performed to 28 limbs (93.3%) under local anesthesia. No technical failure and device-related complications were observed during procedure. The mean average follow-up was 14±2.6 months (range 12-18 months). In this study, we found that glue ablation with cyanoacrylate closure was found superior results in early term however; no difference was noted on the mid-term result. To sum up, both glue ablation with cyanoacrylate closure and endovenous thermal abla - tion with radio frequency under either local or tumescent anesthesia can be easy, safely and effectively performed with satisfactory results.
Football and injuries : Screening, risk factors and prevention

Background: This study was conducted to see if we could identify risk factors for groin injuries among male soccer players. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that previous groin injuries, reduced function scores, age, findings on clinical examination and low isometric groin strength is associated with increased risk of new groin injuries. Study design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: A total of 508 players representing 31 amateur teams were tested during the 2004 preseason for potential risk factors for groin injury through a questionnaire on previous injury and function score (Groin Outcome Score; GrOS) and a clinical examination of the groin. Generalized estimating equations were used in univariate analyses to identify candidate risk factors, and factors with a p-value of <0.10 were then examined in a multivariate model. Results: During the soccer season, 61 groin injuries, affecting 55 legs (51 players), were registered. The total incidence of groin injuries was 0.6 injuries per 1000 playing hours (95% CI 0.4 to 0.7), 0.3 injuries per 1000 training hours (95% CI 0.2 to 0.4) and 1.8 injuries per 1000 match hours (95% CI 1.2 to 2.5). In a multivariate analysis, previous acute groin injury (adjusted OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.10 to 6.11) and weak adductor muscles as determined clinically (adjusted OR 4.28, 95% CI 1.31 to 14.0) were significantly associated with increased risk of groin injuries. A multivariate analysis based on acute time-loss injuries only revealed the 40 m sprint test result (adjusted OR 2.03 for 1SD change (injured group faster), 95% CI 1.06 to 3.88, p=0.03) and functional testing of the abdominal muscles (adjusted OR 15.5 (4% scored as weak in the uninjured group compared to none in the injured group), 95% CI 1.11 to 217, p=0.04) as significant risk factors. Conclusions: A history of previous acute groin injury and weak adductor muscles were significant risk factors for new groin injuries.
Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea in an young Adult

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a serious common sleep disorder needs life long care. OSA is caused by recurrentupper airway obstruction due to increased upper airway collapsibility during sleep. It is highly associated with obesitywith several endocrine and metabolic diseases. Hypothyroidism may cause OSA, also linked with obesity. Obesity isalso a risk factor for hypertension.This paper is presenting a case of obstructive sleep apnea with obesity, hypertensionand hypothyroidism. A 35 years old male presented with the complaints of excessive day time sleepiness, loud snoring,fragmented sleep, apnea like attack, occasional morning headache. Whole night polysomnography was done anddiagnosed as severe obstructive sleep apnea. At therapeutic part of polysomnography, he was treated with BiPAP. BangladeshCrit Care J September 2019; 7(2): 109-110
Periodontal Disease as a Risk Factor for Ischemic Heart Disease

Background: Coronary artery disease is recognized as one of the three major causes of mortality around the world. The role of inflammation in producing coronary artery disease has been established in previous studies. Since periodontitis, which is highly prevalent, is considered as a cause of inflammation, its influence on producing coronary artery disease was investigated in the present study considering its four main indices. Methods: In this case-control study, 60 patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease were selected as case group After matching for some baseline characteristics including educational level, age, sex, and some established risk factors for coronary artery disease, 60 healthy individuals were selected as control group from a population in whom coronary artery disease had been angiographically ruled out. Then, the existence of periodontitis was compared with statistical methods in these two groups, considering four different dental indices. Results: The mean plaque index (PI) was 57.82 ± 2.92% in cases vs. 35.73 ± 2.53% in controls (p 4mm was 35.14 ± 3.89% and 15.48 ± 2.79% in cases and controls, respectively (P 0.05). Therefore, except for the number of lost teeth, there was a statistically significant difference between these two groups. For an evaluation of independent variables, multiple logistic regression analysis was used. Odds ratio was 1.02 for attachment loss and 2.2 for BOP. Conclusion: Periodontitis may be counted as a risk factor for coronary artery disease and it is essential to study the effects of control and management of these diseases as primary and secondary prevention for coronary artery disease in future studies.
EFFECT OF EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION IN DECISION MAKING ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AMONGST ACADEMIC STAFF IN THE PRIVATE AND PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of employee participation in decision making on academic staffs' organizational commitment in the private and public universities in Kenya. This survey study was a form of a cross-section study where descriptive research design was used. The study targeted all the academic staff in the public and private universities in Kenya. Stratified sampling was used where sixteen universities were selected followed by simple random sampling to select both representative department and staff from the selected departments. Data for the study was collected by administering a 25-item questionnaire to a sample of 347 academic. A total of 282 questionnaires were returned and analysis was done with the help of SPSS. To test the hypothesis for the study t-test and F-test were used. Correlation and regression analysis were also done. The study found that employee participation in decision making significantly influence university academic staffs' organizational commitment in Kenya. The study recommended that university academic staffs should be involved in making decisions especially those that affect their working life.
PERFIL SOCIOECONÔMICO E ANTROPOMÉTRICO DE CANDIDATAS À CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA PELO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE

RESUMO: A cirurgia bariatrica e considerada eficaz no controle e tratamento da obesidade grave, tendo como principais beneficios a melhora no perfil das comorbidades e consequente melhora na qualidade de vida. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil socioeconomico e antropometrico de obesas candidatas a cirurgia bariatrica. Foram estudadas cem pacientes do sexo feminino, com idade entre 20 e 45 anos, cadastradas pelo Sistema Unico de Saude. Entrevista individual foi realizada para a coleta dos dados. O indice de massa corporal foi calculado e classificado segundo a Sociedade Americana de Cirurgia Bariatrica. A classificacao economica foi estabelecida de acordo com a Associacao Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa. A amostra apresentou media de idade de 33,3±6,0 anos. Os dados antropometricos apresentaram valores medios±DP de indice de massa corporal de 45,75±6,05Kg/m², prevalecendo o diagnostico de obesidade morbida (68%). Segundo a classificacao economica, a maioria das mulheres pertence a classe C. Das entrevistadas, 45% sao casadas e 66% tem escolaridade igual ou superior ao ensino medio completo, sendo que os trabalhos domesticos representam a atividade de maior frequencia (28%). Quanto ao inicio da obesidade, 38% desenvolveram na infância. A hipertensao arterial foi a comorbidade de maior predominio (48%). Conclui-se que, a maioria das candidatas a cirurgia bariatrica, encontra-se casadas, sua principal atividade e cuidado domestico, estao com IMC entre 40 e 50 kg/m2, tiveram o inicio da obesidade ainda na infância, apresenta o segundo grau completo e pertence a classe economica C.
Development and Evolution of Classification of Periodontal Diseases: An Insight

The subject of classification is considered to be monotonous by most people. Classification systems help to assemble similar disease phenotypes in more homogeneous syndromes. Over the years, various researchers have done extensive work in the development of classification of periodontal diseases. Three dominant paradigms that reflected the understanding of the nature of periodontal diseases were noticed during the evolution of periodontal diseases. The most accepted classification is the American Academy of Periodontology (1999) Classification. It was designed to overcome the drawbacks, problems, inconsistencies and deficiencies of the 1989 classification. Also analysis and rationale was provided for each of the modifications and changes.
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Patient Perceptions Regarding Reproductive Options

In vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing is a growing reproductive option for people who want to avoid passing a single‐gene condition on to their offspring. The spinocerebellar ataxias are a group of rare, autosomal‐dominant neurodegenerative disorders which are strong candidates for the use of this technology.
Epidemiologia, estratégias e evolução de pacientes submetidos à ventilação mecânica* Epidemiology, strategies and outcome of patients submitted to mechanical ventilation

SUMMARYBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES : Epidemiology and ventilatory strategies vary widely among patients undergo-ing mechanical ventilation (MV). The objective of this study was to evaluate the profile of patients submitted to MV in different institutions, as well as ventilation strategies and complications. METHOD : Prospective cohort study of patients undergo-ing MV for longer than 24 hours in five intensive care units (ICU) of three cities in Parana state, southern Brazil. We analyzed clinical and demographic data, complications dur-ing mechanical ventilation and clinical outcomes. Ventilatory strategies, weaning and clinical management were kept ac-cording of each ICU. RESULTS : It was evaluated 242 patients (median age 49 years; 65.7% male) who remained on MV for a median of 8 days. The most frequent etiologies were trauma and clinical/cardiol-ogy. Most used ventilatory mode was assisted controlled cycled volume. Tracheostomy was performed in 36.8%, at 8th day of MV. Ventilator-associated pneumonia occurred in 35.1% of pa-tients. The ICU mortality was 45.0% (being 47.5% in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. There was great vari-ability in the use of strategies and outcomes between institu-tions as well as according to the etiology.
Muslim/non-Muslim differentials in fertility and family planning in India

Reasons for lower contraceptive use and higher fertility among Muslims than among non-Muslims in India are highly debated. This paper examines differentials in fertility and contraceptive use by religion using data from India’s 1992−93 and 1998−99 National Family Health Surveys. The analysis shows that socioeconomic factors do not explain lower use of family planning and higher fertility among Muslims. A reason may be heavy reliance of India’s family planning program on sterilization and Muslims’ preference for temporary methods over sterilization. Another reason may be heavy reliance of the program on public-sector sources of supply of family planning and Muslims’ preference for private-sector services due to greater privacy needs. A third reason may be greater opposition to family planning among Muslims, which is indicated in surveys as their main reason for not currently using and not intending to use family planning in the future. The findings suggest that greater availability of modern temporary methods and expansion of private-sector family planning services may increase contraceptive use and lower fertility among Muslims in India. Education and motivation programs aimed at reducing opposition to family planning may also help achieve these objectives.
SCREENING OF IRANIAN PLANTSFOR ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY: PART 1

In this study, 250 species from 37 families of native Iranian plants were screened for in vitro antifungal activity against 19 fungal strains in vitro. Primarily, the crude extracts at concentration of 100μg/ml were tested. Of 250 extracts tested, 185(74%) showed antifungal activity against at least one fungal strain. The outstanding species were Artemisia aucheri, Artemisia scoparia, Carthamus oxyacantha, Francoeuria undulate, Tripleurospermum disciform, and Xanthium spinosum.
Låggradig non-Hodgkins lymfom i Nord-Noreg

Background. We present a study of treatment outcome and evaluate pre-treatment prognostic factors in patients treated for low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (LG-NHL) at our institution during a ten-year period. Material and methods. 169 consecutively registered patients from 1986 to 1996 were retrospectively analysed with regard to demographic, treatment, and disease-specific characteristics. Median follow-up time was 52 months. All patients were diagnosed histologically according to the previous Kiel classification system. Median age was 60 years; the male : female ratio was 1.05 :1. Results. The response rate was 66 %; median overall survival 8.3 years. Five and ten-year overall survival were 72 % and 47 % respectively. For stage 1, 2, 3 and 4, ten-year overall survival were 86 %, 65 %, 33 % and 29 %. Of the pre-treatment parameters, advanced stage, B-symptoms, poor performance status, bone marrow infiltration, tumour 6 cm, low serum albumin, anaemia, and LD 540 U/l were all related to survival. According to the multivariate analysis, stage, performance status, tumour size, and anaemia were found to be independent prognostic factors for overall survival. Interpretation. The strategy of radiation therapy has proved successful for most patients with stage 1 disease. Independent prognostic factors for overall survival such as stage, performance status, tumour size, and anaemia may be useful guides in deciding when and how to treat.
The Neurological Development Of Sagittal Craniosynostosis Patients Treated With Whole Vault Cranioplasty

Objective: In this study we seek to clarify the neurological changes before and after whole vault cranioplasty (WVC) in patients born with sagittal craniosynostosis. Methods: A case control study design was performed that included forty fMRI scans, from thirty-five individual patients. Functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion tension imaging (DTI) data were analyzed with BioImageSuite (Yale University, USA). All nine functional brain networks were analyzed with appropriate regions of interest. Results: Comparing functional MRI the infants after WVC vs. infants before WVC group, the after WVC group demonstrated an increased connectivity in the left frontoparietal (LFPN), secondary (V2) and third (V3) visual network (p<0.001). The right frontoparietal (RFPN) had decreased connectivity (p<0.001). There is also a decrease and increase in anisotropy in the cingulum and precuneus despite surgery, respectively (p<0.05). Adolescents treated with WVC compared to controls, demonstrated an increased connectivity in the SA and decreased connectivity in the RFPN relative to adolescent controls. ADHD has lower connectivity to BA11 (MNI: -12,26,-21), BA20 (MNI: 62,-24,-25), and BA21 (MNI: 62,-32,-23) compared to sNSC and controls (p<0.001). sNSC has a unique visuospatial defect, compared to ADHD, created by decreased connectivity to BA31 (MNI: -3,-68,37), BA7 (MNI: -4,-68,41), BA19 (MNI: 0,83,31), visual association cortex (MNI: -4,-78,22), and primary visual cortex (MNI: 7,-74,21) (p<0.001). Conclusions: Patients born with sagittal craniosynostosis have different connections in infancy in most of the cerebral networks compared to controls. There are specific connectivity changes that occur in the RFPN, LFPN, V2, and V3 networks, which are areas ultimately associated with executive function and emotional control, after surgery. Changes in white matter tract microstructure connections could be influential in changes in functional connectivity. As the child develops, much of the abnormal network connections, seen in infancy pre-operatively, correct after surgery (compared to age-matched controls). Some aberrancies, however in the SA and RFPN networks remain. Adolescent patients with sagittal nonsyndromic craniosynostosis have decreased connections in areas of visual processing and increased connections in areas of attention and auditory processing than patients with ADHD.
The relationship between weight locus of control, self-rated abilities for health practices, self-compassion and weight loss outcome among adults post-bariatric surgery

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WEIGHT LOCUS OF CONTROL, SELF-RATED ABILITIES FOR HEALTH PRACTICES, SELF-COMPASSION AND WEIGHT LOSS OUTCOME AMONG ADULTS POST-BARIATRIC SURGERY by GINA M. KEARNEY, PhD, RN-BC, AHN-BC Overweight and obesity have become growing threats to our nation’s health. Bariatric surgery, although its incidence has been reported to have reached a plateau, remains the most effective weight loss therapy available for the extremely (morbidly) obese. However, significant weight regain is often observed and evidence of weight loss maintenance has not been clearly or consistently demonstrated. Through the use of Self-Determination Theory as a theoretical underpinning and guiding model, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological variables (weight locus of control, self-rated abilities for health practices, and self-compassion) and weight loss outcome (downward change in BMI) among adults following bariatric surgery. Using a cross-sectional, correlational design, survey data were analyzed from 138 adults across the United States. Descriptive and correlational analyses were used to examine the relationship between the study variables. The results of the analysis indicated that among patients who underwent Lap-Band surgery for weight loss and those who reported current participation in a structured/formal weight loss program, an internal weight locus of control, greater levels of self-rated abilities for health practices and self-compassion were positively correlated with BMI change. While sample sizes were small and more sophisticated multivariate statistical analyses were not possible for this study, this research provides foundational quantitative evidence to build upon through replication and further study in order to determine the psychological factors most closely associated with optimal weight loss outcomes for individuals following bariatric surgery so that more appropriate and effective targeted interventions may be developed. Dedication To Timmy, my special angel in Heaven—we did it.
Método de mortalidad ponderado según múltiples causas de muerte

Foundation: mortality study usually shows death as a single-caused phenomenon, so it is considered necessary to discuss methods which include in the analysis, all diseases recorded in medical death certificates. Objective: to identify the conditions under which the weighted multi-causal approach differs from the classical single causal approach. Method: a descriptive study was conducted and a weighting method was applied to calculate mortality rates from the multiple causes of death of medical death certificates and the classic method that exclusively uses the basic cause. The universe was the total of deaths in the first semester of 2016 in Havana according to death certificates. The causes in which the two methods showed greater differences were identified. Data processing was carried out using the statistical package IBM-SPSS version 21.0. Results: diseases such as heart disease, dementia and Alzheimer's, malignant tumors and asthma did not show differences between the rates calculated by both methods; diseases such as primary essential hypertension, diabetes mellitus and pneumonia, showed important differences. Conclusions: the weighted multi-causal method differs from the classic single causal method, as the cause of interest appears more as secondary and less as basic; the mortality rate according to the weighted multicausal method is higher than that of the classical method for the corresponding cause.