Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of Compassionate Mind Training

Purpose: This study examines pre and post outcome measures following a course of Compassionate Mind Training (CMT). Participants were students enrolled on a Post Graduate Diploma in Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapy (CBP). The aim of the research was to explore whether the training would increase self-compassion, compassion for others and dispositional empathy. Method: Twenty-one participants who had enrolled on the CBP programme took part in the study. Data were collected using the Self-Compassion Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index and the Compassion for Others Scale. Findings: Results reveal an overall statistically significant increase in self-compassion scores and statistically significant reduction in self-critical judgement scores post training. There was no statistically significant difference post training on the Interpersonal Reactivity Index or the Compassion for Others Scale. Research limitations/implications: CMT training may help students develop healthy coping strategies, which they can use to balance their affect regulation systems when faced with organisational, placement, client, academic and personal demands. Further research using a larger sample size is needed to examine whether cultivating compassion whilst on training can help students build resilience and provide a barrier against empathic distress fatigue, compassion fatigue, and burnout. Practical Implications: Incorporating CMT into psychotherapy training may bring changes in student levels of self-compassion and self-critical judgement. Originality/value of the paper: This inaugural study examines whether incorporating CMT into a CBP programme impacts on students levels of compassion, dispositional empathy and selfcritical judgement. The findings from this preliminary study suggest the potential benefits of training students in compassion focused practices.
Stratigraphic Division of Holocene Loess in China

Loess deposition within the Loess Plateau of China records the history of environmental change over the last 2.5 Myr. Loess-paleosol sequences of the last 10 ka, which have preserved information of global climate change, relate closely to human occupation of the area. Hence, studies of the deposition and development of Holocene loess are significant for studying environmental change and problems associated with engineering geology. We present here stratigraphic relations among four profiles from the south, west and center of the Loess Plateau. On the basis of 14C radiometric and AMS dates of organic material extracted from the paleosols, together with magnetic susceptibility measurements down each profile, we discuss Holocene stratigraphic divisions within the Loess Plateau, and suggest that the Holocene optimum, characterized by paleosol complexes, occurred between 10 and 5 ka bp. From 5 ka BP to the present, neoglacial activity is characterized by recently deposited loess.
WSR-88D SIGNATURES ASSOCIATED WITH ONE INCH HAIL IN THE SOUTHERN PLAINS

Four hail detection methods utilizing base data from National Weather Service Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler are evaluated for use in Southern Plains severe weather operations. Signal Detection Theory is used to evaluate these methods in order to identify the method that best discriminates between severe and non-severe hail producing thunderstorms. The altitude of the 50-dBZ reflectivity echo relative to the melting level is identified as the most effective hail detection method of those methods tested in this study. Signal Detection Theory is then applied to this method to determine which warning decision threshold will maximize Probability of Detection while minimizing false alarms.
Impact of pak-US relationship news on KSE-100 Index

Stock markets play a vital role in determining the financial position of a country. Karachi stock Exchange deals in different stock securities and financial instruments. This study emphasizes on risks and returns associated with stocks in KSE-100 index. I have simply used an event based study for this research. The study focuses on 8 events as sample and their impact on the KSE 100 indexes. This study reveals that these events have significant effect on values of stock prices. Research limitationsas we are the students of bachelors program so due to constraints of time I unable to properly focus on this research work. There are still some areas further to be explained in the future research work. Secondly some events of significant importance such as US elections were not included in the study because the index was freeze due to global recession.
Conventional X-rays in the diagnosis of osteoporosis

Conventional X-ray examination of the spine is the most important method to diagnose vertebral fractures. Radiologists are requested to identify, characterize and quantify vertebral fractures. Based on this diagnosis, an estimation of the incident fracture risk becomes possible and an indication to treat can be discussed consequently. Standardized documentation of diagnostic results is mandatory to assess the efficiency of the treatment
Angiotensin-Conventing Enzyme-Inhibitory Effect by Ruellia praetermissa

In the search for lead drugs for hypertension from plant origin, Ruellia praetermissa was analyzed for its constituents and inhibitory effects on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). The various fractions showed various inhibitory effects on ACE at a concentration of 0.33 mg/ml, e.g., n -hexane extract (13.15%), ethyl acetate extract (7.15%), methanol extract (38.35%), the aqueous extract (89.65%). TLC and HPLC fingerprint analyses of these extracts showed that lupeol is one of the constituents responsible for the effect in the n -hexane extract, and flavonoids (luteolin and apigenin) might be responsible for the activity in the methanol and aqueous extracts. The aqueous extract was found to be the most active, possibly due to saponigenins. This activity suggests a cardiovascular effect of the aqueous extract of Ruellia praetermissa.
Effect of hen diet supplemented with 25-OH-D3 on the development of small intestinal morphology of chick

The effect of hen dietary 25-OH-D3 (added 3000 IU to control diet with 1000 IU) on the morphological changes of the small intestine of Ovambo chicks during prehatch and posthatch period was investigated. After 2 week feeding hens with the experimental diets, eggs were collected and incubated. Results show that the weight, length, thickness of small intestine and the height, perimeter and surface area of villi in small intestine increased with age, and they increased faster in jejunum and duodenum (P<0.05) than in ileum. Comparison with the control diet, 25-OH-D3 supplement in maternal diet caused the lower weight and shorter length of the small intestine of offspring after hatch (P<0.05). Meanwhile, 25-OH-D3 of maternal diet induced the increase of the villi height and the crypt depth in the three segments after hatch, in particular in the jejunum and duodenum (P<0.05). We suggest that dietary 25-OH-D3 can be used as a feed additive in maternal diet to stimulate morphological maturation and in consequence intestinal function in chicks during later incubation and the first week of life.
Conceptual modelling of Lake Manyas, Turkey

Previously determined biological and physico-chemical properties of Lake Manyas are employed in modelling the sensitivity of water quality and ecosystem integrity to the (a) water residence time and (b) nutrient inputs from anthropogenic sources. In that context, simple ecological conceptual models are simulated for predicting changes in the aquatic ecosystem with respect to these driving variables. Results yield thresholds where major changes in system behaviour are expected. Based on model predictions, recommendations for the restoration of water quality and ecosystem integrity are made.
Which Archimedean Copula is the right one ? CPA

This paper presents the concept of the copula from a practical standpoint. Given the widened use of the multinormal distribution, we argue its inadequacy, while advocate using the copula as an alternative and better approach, for instance with regard to credit derivatives valuation and pricing. We examine what the copulas are used for within areas of risk management. Then we expose a guide to choose both the margins and the Archimedean copula that provide a better fit to real-world data. In addition, we provide an algorithm to simulate a random bivariate distribution from an Archimedean copula. In order to cover the gap between the theory and its practical implementation, we provide the VBA codes required. We also illustrate the use of copulas in the pricing of a first-to-default credit derivative contract. They are used in a numerical example that illustrates the use of the copula in the pricing of a first-to-default contract. Two spreadsheets accompany the paper, and present a step-by-step description of the practical application of the copula.
Troubled asset relief program, bank interest margin and default risk in equity return: an option-pricing model

Will banks be willing to sell their toxic loans with the help of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP)? The answer is yes as long as bids are high enough to tempt banks to deal. With the TARP's help, an increase in the toxic loans sold to the government increases the bank's margin and decreases the bank's default probability in equity return when the bank encounters greater risk. This paper concludes that setting up the TARP for the 'bad bank' solution may be a good move for retail banking, resulting in high margin and low default risk when its target banks are willing sellers.
Tuned Support Vector Machine Classifier for Pedestrian Recognition in Urban Traffic

La busqueda de autonomia en desplazamiento automotriz esta en auge. En dicha busqueda existen diversos problemas a resolver; uno de ellos es el reconocimiento de caracteristicas en ambientes urbanos que permitan a un vehiculo tomar decisiones autonomas. Uno de los aspectos mas relevantes corresponde al reconocimiento de transeuntes, una tecnologia que se espera pueda salvar millones de vidas en accidentes de atropellamientos. En este trabajo de investigacion se propone el reconocimiento de transeuntes en ambientes urbanos por medio de un clasificador basado en una Maquina de Vectores de Soporte ajustada; se consideraron hasta 5000 imagenes de la base de datos la INRIA con el fin de entrenar el clasificador y validar su precision por medio del metodo de validacion cruzada.
Unions and Workplace Closure in Britain, 1990-1998

This paper assesses union effects on workplace closure in the private sector in Britain between 1990 and 1998 using panel data from the 1990–98 Workplace Employee Relations Survey. On average, unions raised the chances of workplace closure in Britain in the 1990s, in contrast to the 1980s. However, the size and statistical significance of union effects differ across dimensions of unionization and type of workplace. Furthermore, the results are sensitive to the definition of workplace closure.
Bandwidth Limits in Hall Effect-based Current Sensors

Modern power applications are demanding for small and broadband current sensors. Hall sensors are a good solution, but practical implementations are limited to a few hundred kHz. The literature offers a theoretical knowledge about the dynamic effects acting on the Hall probe but does neither define nor experimentally assess the bandwidth fundamental upper limit, since many parasitic dynamic effects perturb the inherent time response of the Hall sensor. This paper experimentally investigates the bandwidth upper limits in CMOS Hall effect-based current sensors. Based on the physics-based description of the Hall probe, the paper defines a novel, special-purpose, measurement technique, which is able to experimentally evaluate the inherent response time of the Hall probe without triggering the main parasitic effects. The paper also propose an equivalent electrical model describing the dynamic response of the Hall probe so as to better explain and understood the measurement results. Specifically, the paper identifies two bandwidth upper limits: a fundamental limit set by the intrinsic capacitance, which models the transversal charge accumulation due to the Hall effect, and a more practical limit set by the capacitive input of the electronic readout interface. Some main parasitic effects are then assess and added in the proposed model.
Generalized combination equations for canopy evaporation under dry and wet conditions

The formulation of canopy evaporation is investigated on the basis of the combination equation derived from the Penman equation. All the elementary resistances (surface and boundary layer) within the canopy are taken into account, and the exchange surfaces are assumed to be subject to the same vapour pressure deficit at canopy source height. This development leads to generalized combination equations: one for completely dry canopies and the other for partially wet canopies. These equations are rather complex because they involve the partitioning of available energy within the canopy and between the wet and dry surfaces. By making some assumptions and approximations, they can provide simpler equations similar to the common Penman–Monteith model. One of the basic assumptions of this down-grading process is to consider that the available energy intercepted by the different elements making up the canopy is uniformly distributed and proportional to their respective area. Despite the somewhat unrealistic character of this hypothesis, it allows one to retrieve the simple formulations commonly and successfully used up to now. Numerical simulations are carried out by means of a simple one-dimensional model of the vegetation–atmosphere interaction with two different leaf area profiles. In dry conditions and when the soil surface is moist (low surface resistance), there is a large discrepancy between the generalized formulation and its simpler Penman–Monteith form, but much less when the soil surface is dry. In partially wet conditions, the Penman–Monteith-type equation substantially underestimates the generalized formulation when leaves are evenly distributed, but provides better estimates when leaves are concentrated in the upper half of the canopy.
Energy Price Uncertainty and Energy Use in Iran

In the present study researcher has attempted to investigate the uncertainty effects of energy price on its consumption in Iran with using of ARCH, GARCH and OLS models between 1976 and 2009.The results show that the uncertainty of natural gas and petrol price respectively have negative impacts on natural gas and petrol consumption. Also found that the impact of uncertainties have more effect on petrol consumers than natural gas. The other hand in both studied models we found that GDP as an important and effective variable than other variables has the greatest impact on the consumption of natural gas and petrol.
Gibson's Paradox Ii

The Gibson paradox, long observed by economists and named by John Maynard Keynes (1936), is a positive relationship between the interest rate and the price level. This paper explains the relationship by means of interest-rate, cost-push inflation. In the model, spending is driven in part by changes in the rate of interest, and the central bank sets the interest rate using a policy rule based on the levels of output and inflation. The model shows that the cost-push effect of inflation, long known as Gibson's paradox, intensifies destabilizing forces and can be involved in the generation of cycles.
Design of Router using Black-Bus Architecture

Network-on-a-Chip (NoC) has become popular as a high-performance interconnect, especially in comparison with the traditional buses, which cannot transfer more than one data-stream simultaneously, are more likely to become a bottleneck. In traditional routers, each intermediate node has a buffer capable of storing a flit. But the problem of buffer deadlock occurs when the buffers are full. In this paper, we propose a novel data-transfer method called Black-Bus as a NoC and the use of First-In-First-Out (FIFO) queue. In Black- Bus, a local identifier (ID) is attached to each raw data as routing information. Unlike the traditional packet transfer, the local ID is transferred on dedicated wires attached to data lines to remove complicated packet generation procedure in a node. Only a small-sized local ID is required to specify routing tags to the destination, and intermediate routers change it to solve local ID conflicts between paths on a physical channel. Evaluation results show that in a 16-node system, most of the applications require only at most 3 bits for the local ID. And thus the Black-Bus data-transfer reduces up to 75% of routing tags compared with global addressing scheme used in the traditional packet networks.
Continuous review inventory model under fuzzy environment without backorder for deteriorating items

In this paper we have developed a continuous review inventory model for deteriorating items without shortage under fuzzy environment. Linear demand rate and uncertain cycle time is taken and it is possible to describe it by symmetric triangular fuzzy number. The results are illustrated with the help of numerical example. If the uncertainties are accounted for inappropriate manner, the percent of increase in cycle time is also discussed. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to demonstrate the effects of changing different parameter values on the optimal solution of the system.
A quantitative survey of N Prep N constructions in Romance languages and prepositional variability

The distinction between syntagmatic compounds of the type N Prep N, such as Fr. jouet d’enfant, and nominal syntagms of the type N Prep N, such as the partially equivalent Fr. jouet pour enfants, remains unclear and vague. This is mainly because the lexical and syntactic status of syntagmatic compounds still is controversial. In some cases, as in jouet d’enfant and jouet pour enfants, partial equivalent syntagmatic compounds and nominal syntagms may coexist and underlie a specific variation and alternation. In other cases, such as Pt. bracelete de aco and bracelete em aco, two variants of a syntagmatic compound may alternate and coexist. The first part of this paper provides an overview of the current discussion on these two types of constructions. The second part addresses the alternation and variation of syntagmatic compounds and nominal syntagms by means of analysis of large-scale corpus data, the French, Spanish and Portuguese corpus of the TenTen family. Here, the focus lies on the variation of the prepositional internal element of these constructions as well as on a comparison of different word formation patterns.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Chalcone Derivatives from cis-Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one

Abstract A series of chalcone derivatives (3a–k) were prepared via the reaction of cis-bicyclo[3.2. 0]hept-2-en-6-one (1) with the respective arylaldehydes (2a–k) and were then characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analyses.
A novel way of computing similarities between nodes of a graph, with application to collaborative filtering and subspace projection of the graph nodes

This work presents a new perspective on characterizing the similarity between elements of a database or, more generally, nodes of a weighted and undirected graph. It is based on a Markov-chain model of random walk through the database. More precisely, we compute quantities (the average commute time, the pseudoinverse of the Laplacian matrix of the graph, etc) that provide similarities between any pair of nodes, having the nice property of increasing when the number of paths connect- ing those elements increases and when the “length” of paths decreases. It turns out that the square root of the average commute time is a Eu- clidean distance and that the pseudoinverse of the Laplacian matrix is a kernel (its elements are inner products closely related to commute times). A procedure for computing the subspace projection of the node vectors of the graph that preserves as much variance as possible in terms of the commute-time distance – a principal component analysis (PCA) of the graph – is also introduced. This graph PCA provides a nice interpreta- tion to the “Fiedler vector”, widely used for graph partitioning. The model is evaluated on a collaborative-recommendation task where sug- gestions are made about which movies people should watch based upon what they watched in the past. Experimental results on the MovieLens database show that the Laplacian-based similarities (the pseudoinverse of the Laplacian matrix and the “random-forest matrix”) perform well in comparison with other methods. The model, which nicely fits into the so-called “statistical relational learning” framework, could also be usedto compute document or word similarities, and, more generally, it could be applied to machine-learning and pattern-recognition tasks involving a database.
Effect of Traditional Marinating on Bacterial and Chemical Characteristics in Frozen Rainbow Trout Fillet

Background: In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using food additives from natural sources to improve taste and also extend shelf life of semi-preserved food. The aim of this paper was to examine chemical and microbiological changes promoted by a traditional marinating process in rainbow trout fillets during frozen storage. Methods: Fish fillets were immersed in traditional marinades and stored at -18 ° C for 56 days. Some chemical and microbial characteristics like total volatile basic nitrogen (TVN), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), water holding capacity (WHC), pH, mesophilic, and psychrophilic bacterial count were performed with 7 days interval. The results were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA test using SPSS v. 16.0 software. Results: Data showed that although the value of TVN, TBA and, WHC in marinated samples were higher than control ones, but the differences were not significant (p>0.05). The numbers of bacteria in marinated samples were lower than control groups and for psychrophilic bacteria was significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that rainbow trout flesh could be marinated and stored at -18 ˚ C for at least 56 days with no major unfavorable changes.
Detection of optic disc change with the Heidelberg retina tomograph before confirmed visual field change in ocular hypertensives converting to early glaucoma

AIM To determine whether analysis of sequential optic disc images obtained with the Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT) is able to demonstrate optic disc change before the development of reproducible field defects in a group of ocular hypertensive (OHT) patients converting to early glaucoma. METHODS Two groups were analysed: (1) 13 eyes of 13 OHT patients who subsequently developed reproducible field defects (converters); and (2) 13 eyes of 11 normal control subjects. Two sequential optic disc images were obtained using the HRT (median separation between images was 12 months for the converters and 13 months for the normals). The second image in the converter group was obtained before confirmed visual field loss. The optic disc variables were analysed both globally and segmentally using HRT software version 1.11. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to determine if there were any significant differences between the variables of the two image sets. RESULTS Significant optic disc change was demonstrated in the group of converters: (1) global variables: the cup area increased by 9.7%, the C/D area ratio increased by 10.5%, and the rim area decreased by 6.9%; (2) segmental variables: the superonasal cup area increased by 11.0%, the superonasal C/D area ratio increased 11.7%, and the inferonasal cup volume increased by 28.4%. The temporal rim volume decreased by 15.6%, the inferotemporal rim volume decreased by 23.6%, and the rim area in the superonasal and superotemporal segments decreased by 6.6% and 6.9% respectively. CONCLUSION Analysis of sequential optic disc images on the HRT allowed the detection of glaucomatous change before confirmed visual field change in a group of OHT patients converting to early glaucoma.