Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of urinary extracellular vesicle proteins in muscle-invasive bladder cancer

The mechanisms of bladder cancer progression are unknown, and new treatments and biomarkers are needed. Patient urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) derive in part from bladder cancer cells and contain a specific protein cargo which may provide information about the disease. We conducted a proteomics study comparing EVs from the muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) cell line TCCSUP to EVs from normal urothelial line SVHUC. GO term analysis showed that TCCSUP EVs are enriched in proteins associated with the cell membrane, extracellular matrix, and inflammation and angiogenesis signaling pathways. Proteins characteristic of cancer EVs were further screened at the mRNA level in bladder cancer cell lines. In Western blots, three of six proteins examined showed greater than fifteenfold enrichment in patient urinary EVs compared to healthy volunteers (n = 6). Finally, we performed immunohistochemical staining of bladder tissue microarrays for three proteins of interest. One of them, transaldolase (TALDO1), is a nearly ubiquitous enzyme and normally thought to reside in the cytoplasm. To our surprise, nuclei were stained for transaldolase in 94% of MIBC tissue samples (n = 51). While cytoplasmic transaldolase was found in 89–90% of both normal urothelium (n = 79) and non-muscle-invasive samples (n = 71), the rate falls to 39% in MIBC samples (P < 0.001), and negative cytoplasmic staining was correlated with worse cancer-specific survival in MIBC patients (P = 0.008). The differential EV proteomics strategy reported here successfully identified a number of proteins associated with bladder cancer and points the way to future investigation.
Frequency adaptability of harmonics controllers for grid-interfaced converters

A wider spread adoption of power electronic converters interfaced renewable energy systems has brought more attention to harmonic issues to the electrical grid, and means are taken to improve it in the control. More advanced closed-loop harmonic controllers are thus demanded to enhance the renewable energy integration in order to be grid-friendly. However, usually being treated as a constant factor in the design of harmonic controllers, the grid frequency varies with the generation-load imbalance, and thus may lead to deterioration of the power quality. This paper explores the frequency sensitivity of the most popular harmonic controllers for grid-interfaced converters. The frequency adaptability of these harmonic controllers is evaluated in the presence of a variable grid frequency within a specified reasonable range, e.g., ± 1% of the nominal grid frequency (50 Hz). Solutions to the improvement of the frequency variation immunity of the discussed harmonic controllers are also emphasised. Case studies of a single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system are provided to verify the analysis.
Carotid intima media thickness as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis: a case control study

Background: Increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has been observed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) because of accelerated atherosclerosis. We measured carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as a surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in RA in this study. Methods: In this study 40 cases of RA and 26 matched individuals were recruited. CIMT measurements were done using B-mode ultrasound. Disease activity was assessed using DAS28, C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels. Results: Mean age of the study groups was 52.45±7.43 years (range 41-69 years). Average disease duration was 9.34±4.18 years (range 5-20 years). Thirty two (32/40, 80%) cases of RA were RF positive. ESR was significantly higher in RA cases (51.75±24.13 mm Ist hr) compared to healthy controls (17.31±9.08 mm Ist hour, p <0.001). Significantly increased CIMT was observed in cases as compared to the control group (0.68 ± 0.06 mm versus 0.63±0.07; 𝑃 0.002). CIMT in the cases positively correlated with age (𝑟 = 0.500; 0.001), duration of disease (𝑟= 0.594; 𝑃 0.001). CIMT negatively correlated with HDL (𝑟 = -0.345; 0.029). Conclusions: Subclinical atherosclerosis (increase CIMT) is common in RA and correlated well with disease duration. So every patient of RA should be evaluated for development for atherosclerosis.
Occupational asthma due to heated freon.

A 46 year old asthmatic man reported an exacerbation of symptoms over the previous two years. He had first developed asthma when he was 15 years of age. After the age of 20 asthma was present only on exercise and he never required regular bronchodilator treatment. He had no previous history of rhinitis, infantile eczema, migraine, or urticaria. He was a non-smoker. He had started working in the maintenance department of a refrigeration company eight years before, and had noticed asthmatic attacks at work in the past two years. His work consisted of soldering with acetylene and wire made of copper, silver, and phosphorus (without flux) on copper pipes. During this process freon circulating in the pipes was heated and released into the air. After a few minutes of soldering the man experienced dyspnoea and wheezing. These symptoms persisted during the afternoon and on the day after leaving work. He used an isoprenaline inhaler if needed but took no other treatment. Skinprick test responses to a battery of 15 commonly inhaled allergens were all negative. Investigations were begun after the patient had been away from work for three weeks. His initial FEV,/forced
The Use of Ergogenic Agents in High School Athletes

Statistics reporting adolescent use of ergogenic agents are staggering. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance, 6.1% of students from grades 9 through 12 had taken illegal anabolic steroids without a prescription one or more times during their lifetime. Additionally, more adolescent athletes are using non–Food and Drug Administration-regulated herbal supplements that claim ergogenic benefits. Many athletes either are unaware of or do not consider the possible health risks caused by these agents. School-based programs for athletes may be successful in preventing the use of ergogenic agents by increasing knowledge about such agents and offering skills in critical thinking to improve decision-making skills.
High voltage ride-through control strategy of grid-side converter for DFIG-based WECS

For doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind energy conversion system (WECS), grid voltage swell is harmful to the dc-link capacitor and the grid-side converter (GSC). The grid over-voltage may lead to the reversal of power flow in the GSC, resulting in the uncontrollability of the GSC. In order to handle this situation, the control strategy of the GSC during grid voltage swell needs to be improved. In this paper, the controllability issue of the GSC with limited rating considered during grid voltage swell is firstly analyzed. Then, a high voltage ride-through (HVRT) control strategy of the GSC is proposed with adaptive adjustment of the dc-link voltage reference according to the variations of grid voltage and rotor-side load current. The simulation results verify that, the GSC can always remain controllable under the proposed HVRT control strategy, so that the dc-link voltage can be kept stable and the reactive current of the GSC can be controlled to reduce the grid over-voltage. Therefore, the control strategy can contribute to improve the reliability of both the DFIG-based WECS and the power system during grid voltage swell.
Circuit modeling for UWB-MIMO antenna array

In this article a simple analytical model for a UWB-MIMO antenna is proposed. Lumped equivalent circuit elements are used to construct the proposed MIMO array. Parameters of the circuit elements are calculated from the geometry of the designed antenna. Using frequency transformation technique causes the antenna to have wider impedance bandwidth and compact size. Mutual coupling effect is also taken into consideration for better circuit modeling. The proposed model has been developed using simulations and measurements based techniques. The calculated data are compared with the experimental results and good agreement is noted.
The Psychological Effects of Disaster Work: Implications for Disaster Planning

THE PAPER focuses on the psychological consequences of disaster work. The issue of identifying staff who may be more vulnerable to psychological distress is discussed as is the need for services to plan psychological screening and support for staff who will be exposed to the trauma of dealing with the aftermath of disasters. It is concluded that active steps need to be taken to incorporate psychological aspects into disaster plan ning. Specifically, attention should be paid to staff selection, training, use of resources, supervision, debriefing, counselling and feedback.
Antigen-provoked increase in histamine reactivity. Observations on mechanisms.

To investigate the effect of antigen provocation on nonspecific reactivity to histamine, nine allergic individuals underwent multiple nasal challenges with histamine, or antigen. The response to challenge was assessed by counting the number of sneezes and measuring the levels of albumin and TAME-esterase (TAME; [3H]N-alpha-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester) activity in recovered nasal lavages. In the case of antigen, levels of histamine were also measured. In response to histamine, the subjects sneezed and had increased levels of albumin and TAME. The responses to antigen or histamine were unchanged 24 h after histamine provocation. The responses to histamine provocations were increased with respect to symptom scores and to the levels of TAME activity and albumin in nasal lavages compared to baseline challenge, however, 24 h after antigen provocation. Increasing antigen exposure from 1 to 3 days did not further increase the responsiveness to histamine. Histamine reactivity returned to baseline 12 days after antigen exposure. The number of eosinophils, neutrophils, and alcian blue-positive cells in the lavages after antigen challenge and before the histamine challenges correlated with the changes in response to histamine. The increase in sneezing induced by antigen stimulation correlated with the increase in the same parameter after histamine provocation 24 hr after antigen challenge (r = 0.88; p less than 0.01). Surprisingly, the other parameters assessed did not show similar correlations. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ischemic stroke and incomplete infarction.

BACKGROUND The concept of selective vulnerability or selective loss o f individual neurons, with survival of glial and vascular elements as one of the consequences of a systemic ischemic-hypoxic insult (eg, transient cardiac arrest or severe hypotension), has been recognized for decades. In contrast, selective neuronal death as one of the lesions that may develop in the brain after occluding an intracranial artery is an idea not readily acknowledged in the current medical literature dealing with human stroke. SUMMARY OF REVIEW A review of pertinent publications reveals that selective neuronal injury after middle cerebral artery occlusion was observed in autopsy specimens over 40 years ago, although its pathogenesis remains unclear. Recent observations in both humans and animals suggest that selective neuronal necrosis (rather than infarct) is the consequence of either a short-term arterial occlusion or permanent occlusion accompanied by ischemia of moderate severity. During the acute and subacute states of an ischemic stroke, the loss of a limited number of neurons (ie, incomplete infarction) does not result in structural changes discernible by either CT or conventional MRI. However, the loss of a selected number of neurons may be demonstrable in vivo by calculating the corresponding loss of benzodiazepine receptors. The use of specific radiotracers in combination with single-photon emission CT or positron emission tomography allows demonstration of a decrease in gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic receptor sites at places where many neurons have been lethally injured. CONCLUSIONS We aim to alert physicians to the potential development of incomplete brain infarctions in patients with intracranial arterial occlusions. Recognizing incomplete infarcts is particularly important in the context of stroke therapy with thrombolytic and neuroprotective agents. This brain lesion is likely to be the consequence of an arterial occlusion with a resultant ischemia of moderate severity (eg, regional blood flows in the range of 15 to 20 mL x 100 g-1 x min-1).
Graphical Animation From Knowledge

A system is described which produces explanatory animation sequences for a small CAD system. The animation is data-driven from a scriptal knowledge structure describing the user-system interaction for a given design operation. The use of a unified data representation scheme results in the potential to generate animation in coordination with natural language output from an existing knowledge-based system.
M‐type K+ channels in peripheral nociceptive pathways

Pathological pain is a hyperexcitability disorder. Since the excitability of a neuron is set and controlled by a complement of ion channels it expresses, in order to understand and treat pain, we need to develop a mechanistic insight into the key ion channels controlling excitability within the mammalian pain pathways and how these ion channels are regulated and modulated in various physiological and pathophysiological settings. In this review, we will discuss the emerging data on the expression in pain pathways, functional role and modulation of a family of voltage‐gated K+ channels called ‘M channels’ (KCNQ, Kv7). M channels are increasingly recognized as important players in controlling pain signalling, especially within the peripheral somatosensory system. We will also discuss the therapeutic potential of M channels as analgesic drug targets.
Low temperature bump-less Cu-Cu bonding enhancement with self assembled monolayer (SAM) passivation for 3-D integration

Self assembled monolayer (SAM) of alkane-thiol of 6-carbon (1-hexanethiol, C6) chain length is applied on Cu surface (deposited on Si substrate) and examined carefully. Firstly, the ability of SAM adsorption onto Cu surface is confirmed by the sharp rise of water contact angle (CA) on the surface. Next, the thermal stability of SAM when it is stored in different environments is studied. The CA decreases when it is stored in clean room ambient due to partial desorption of the SAM. The desorption behavior of SAM is found to be reversely proportional to the immersion time in SAM solution, whereby longer immersion time shows less desorption. SAM desorption can slowed down significantly if samples are kept at lower temperature (~4°C). Substantial desoprtion of SAM is observed when the samples are annealed above a critical temperature when SAM desorb rapidly from the Cu surface. Surface analysis confirms that Cu surface protected by SAM contains less oxygen. Finally, bonding experiments are performed to validate effectiveness of SAM in tailoring the Cu surface for bonding enhancement at low temperature. Results show that uniform Cu-Cu bond with higher shear strength is obtained as a result of SAM passivation.
A Multiscale Technique for Reducing Registration Noise in Change Detection on Multitemporal VHR images

In this paper a multiscale technique for reducing the impact of residual misregistration on unsupervised change detection in very high geometrical resolution (VHR) images is presented. The proposed technique is based on an analysis of the statistical behaviour of registration noise present in multitemporal remote sensing images at different resolution levels. This characterization is carried out in the polar domain by analyzing spectral change vectors (SCVs) computed according to the change vector analysis (CVA) method. The proposed multiscale approach distinguishes between sectors associated with true changes and sectors associated with false alarms due to registration noise by differential analysis of the direction distributions of pixels at different resolution levels. This information is used at full resolution for computing a change detection map that shows: (i) a high geometrical fidelity in the detail representation; and (ii) a sharp reduction in false alarms due to the residual misregistration noise. The experimental analysis carried out on real VHR multitemporal images confirms the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Recognizing Human Actions based on Extreme Learning Machines

In this paper, we tackle the challenge of action recognition by building robust models from Extreme Learning Machines (ELM). Applying this approach from reduced preprocessed feature vectors on the Microsoft Research Cambridge-12 (MSRC-12) Kinect gesture dataset outperforms the state-of-the-art results with an average correct classification rate of 0.953 over 20 runs, when splitting in two equal subsets for training and testing the 6, 244 action instances. This ELM based proposal using a multi-quadric radial basis activation function is compared to other classical classification strategies such as Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and advancements are also presented in terms of execution times.
Effects of overlayers on electromigration reliability improvement for Cu/low K interconnects

Electromigration in Cu Damascene lines capped with either a CoWP, Ta/TaN, SiN/sub x/, or SiC/sub x/N/sub y/H/sub z/ layer was reviewed. A thin CoWP or Ta/TaN cap on top of the Cu line surface significantly reduced interface diffusion and improved the electromigration lifetime when compared with lines capped with SiN/sub x/ or SiC/sub x/N/sub y/H/sub z/. Activation energies for electromigration were found to be 2.0 eV, 1.4 eV, and 0.85-1.1 eV for the Cu lines capped with CoWP, Ta/TaN, and SiN/sub x/ or SiC/sub x/N/sub y/H/sub z/, respectively.
A follow-up study of alcoholics who failed to appear for treatment.

A review ofprivileges. A review of each patient’s privileges should also be considered. The review can best be done with the patient’s knowledge and participation in decision-making. Off-ward hospital privileges can be temporarily limited, and reviewed with the patient again later, if there is any doubt about his orientation toward suicide. The patient should be kept informed about the reasons for any change in privileges. A memorial service. A memorial service for the deceased patient should be held in the hospital, ideally within one or two weeks of the suicide, and can be anranged with either the hospital chaplain or a clergyman of the patient’s religious affiliation. Patients and staff should be encouraged to attend this very important service, which is often overlooked. Such a service can help bring psychological closure to the patient’s life, facilitate mourning, and assist in reality testing. Suicide, more than any other type of death, tends to remain an open wound for the survivors, who often either deny the death or feel guilty and responsible.
Curricular guidance for IT associate-degree programs

© W W W . I ST O C K PH O TO . C O M // JA M ES B R EY ( b o tt o m ); © W W W . I ST O C K PH O TO . C O M // A LE X SL O B O D K IN ( to p ) Curricular Guidance for IT Associate-Degree Programs various other national and international organizations. The seminal product is the recommendation of ACM that any IT-related associate-degree program should include – somewhere in the curriculum – these 40 student learning outcomes constituting the foundational technical core competencies. Table 1 below provides a sample of these 40 competencies. To view all the core learning outcomes, visit our web site [3].
Shared decision‐making: the debate continues

There is considerable debate about when, in which circumstances, and to what extent, patients should be encouraged to participate in decisions about their care. Many advocates of shared decision-making suggest it should be restricted to preference-sensitive decisions, i.e. those where the patient’s values ought to guide the choice. It is seen as being most relevant in situations of uncertainty, in which two or more clinically reasonable alternatives exist and where the patient has indicated a desire to participate in the decision-making process. Informed consent, on the other hand, is perceived to be appropriate, and indeed necessary, for all decisions of significant risk even if there is only one treatment possibility. Even in these situations the patient has to choose between two courses of action, to accept or reject the treatment. Health professionals tend to see informed consent as simply the process of obtaining a signature on a consent form, but it ought to be much more than this. Patients need full information about treatment options and outcomes, including the option of no treatment, if they are to make truly informed choices. However, in some situations, for example decisions about screening tests or vaccination, professionals often express the fear that the provision of information and choice will increase the likelihood that people will opt out of the intervention, with consequent risks to their own and the public’s health. McNutt has argued that the concept of shared decision-making is a misnomer on the grounds that physicians should never make choices for patients. Instead they should play the role of navigator, communicating risk and outcome probabilities and helping patients to make informed medical decisions for themselves. Others draw attention to the fact that some patients prefer to remain uninformed and to delegate decision-making responsibility to the doctor. Either way, it is important to determine what role the patient wants to play in the process and to tailor information-giving and decisionmaking style to their requirements. There has also been debate about the primary aims of shared decision-making and hence which criteria and outcome measures are most appropriate when evaluating the effects of interventions designed to promote it. In practice the outcome measures used in randomized controlled trials have tended to focus on patients experience of the decision process, the type of treatments undergone, health outcomes and economic variables. Impact on decisional conflict (psychological uncertainty relating to feeling uninformed) has been commonly used as an outcome measure. Patient satisfaction and anxiety have also been frequently studied. But Bekker et al. have argued that since raised levels of anxiety are associated both with more effective decision strategies and with stressful health interventions, anxiety is an inappropriate outcome measure. In a separate paper the same authors argued that patient satisfaction was also problematic as an outcome measure, because reduced satisfaction could be interpreted as a favourable outcome if it resulted
Unusual radiological characteristics of teratoid/rhabdoid brain tumor in children.

We report a case of atypical teratoid rhabdoid brain tumor for 4 months old male child, who presented with unusual radiological findings, that can be confused with other brain tumors ,so we high light these unusual imaging features to aid in making correct diagnosis. Keywords : atypical teratoid–rhabdoid tumor, brain tumor, children, medulloblastoma.