Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wireless Physical Layer Security in Cognitive Radio

---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - One of the important trends which is supposed to have more attention in the system of cognitive radio is wireless security techniques. We proposed the security constraints on physical layer for cognitive radio networks. First, an overview on several existing security attacks to the physical layer in CRNs. Afterwards we discuss the related countermeasures on how to defend against these attacks. A new category of security issues and challenges have been introduced in the cognitive radio systems, and providing security techniques to realize good and reasonable protection must be one of the main researchers interest. The advance method will enable the many safety to make sure a strong and reliable communication within the existence of adversaries by providing adaptive certainty solutions within the communication systems by utilizing the physical layer certainty from different perspective.
A TWO-COMPONENT REPRESENTATION FOR MODELING GAMAKAS OF CARNATIC MUSIC

Continuous pitch movements called “gamakas” are key to Carnatic music, but are not included in its traditional notation system. Modeling the melodic and shape aspects of gamakas and how they are selected for phrases given as notation are interesting interrelated problems that have analogs in text to speech and expressive singing synthesis systems. Descriptive textual and graphical notation techniques have also been proposed as tools for studying gama-kas. However, a concatenative model of phrase-level gama-ka selection leads to a combinatorial explosion of possibilities to be selected from. We propose a “longest path” optimization algorithm for phrase-level selection of gama-kas that solves this combinatorial explosion using a scoring function that expresses local continuity preferences; and a two-component “stage-dance” representation of gamakas which simpliﬁes the scoring function by separating local melodic and shape continuity preferences. We analyzed a performance of a composition in this framework and found the approach to be able to imitate the phrase-level preferences exhibited by the performer.
Use of a Prospective Survey Method to Capture a Picture of Overuse Injuries in Kitesurfing

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2B SUMMARY Background. Kitesurfing is one of the world’s fastest growing Olympic aquatic sports. However, previous scientific literature on this sport has mainly focused on acute injuries. The aim of this study was, therefore, to capture a picture of the burden of overuse injuries in kitesurfing. Methods. Active kite-surfers regularly completed an online questionnaire, describing the health of their shoulders, lower back and knees as well as any injury related symptoms. Results. Forty-three participants completed a total of 304 questionnaires, covering a total period of 2,096 distinct person-days. Person-days of reduced participation related to shoulder, lower back and knee problems were 8 %, 3% and 8% of the total respectively. Performance was affected related to shoulder, lower back and knee problems in 11%, 22% and 16% of person-days respectively. Conclusions. Overuse injuries emerged as an important predictor of reduced participation, decreased performance and discomfort in kitesurfing. The prospective survey method captured a picture of overuse injuries in kitesurfing not previously described.
Protracted continual cyclical catatonia-like ictal episodes in a patient

Catatonia and Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) may share clinical features and it may be difficult to distinguish between them simply based on the clinical manifestation and neurological examination. Catatonia, associated with numerous general medical and neurological conditions, could be the presentation of an epileptic seizure and it could be difficult to differentiate catatonia from NCSE. Here, we report a unique case of NCSE presenting as unusual continual, cyclical catatonia-like ictal episodes.
Directions for the future of technology in pronunciation research and teaching

This paper reports on the role of technology in state-of-the-art pronunciation research and instruction, and makes concrete suggestions for future developments. The point of departure for this contribution is that the goal of second language (L2) pronunciation research and teaching should be enhanced comprehensibility and intelligibility as opposed to native-likeness. Three main areas are covered here. We begin with a presentation of advanced uses of pronunciation technology in research with a special focus on the expertise required to carry out even small-scale investigations. Next, we discuss the nature of data in pronunciation research, pointing to ways in which future work can build on advances in corpus research and crowdsourcing. Finally, we consider how these insights pave the way for researchers and developers working to create research-informed, computer-assisted pronunciation teaching resources. We conclude with predictions for future developments.
Extended-Domain-Eigenfunction Method (EDEM) for solving elliptic boundary value problems with annular domains

Standard analytical solutions to elliptic boundary value problems on asymmetric domains are rarely, if ever, obtainable. In this paper, we propose a solution technique wherein we embed the original domain into one with simple boundaries where the classical eigenfunction solution approach can be used. The solution in the larger domain, when restricted to the original domain, is then the solution of the original boundary value problem. We call this the Extended-Domain-Eigenfunction Method (EDEM). To illustrate the method’s strength and scope, we apply it to Laplace’s equation on an annular-like domain.
onLIne tRAInInG CoURSeS FoR MARIne enGIneeRS AT THE NVNA BY THE DISCIPLINES “MECHANICS OF MATERIALS” AND “FLUID MECHANICS” – AN ASSeSSMent oF tHe FIRSt ReSULtS

The main purpose of the project is the creation and approbation of online tests for the evaluation of Bulgarian and foreign students from the specialty Marine Engineering to the disciplines “Mechanics of materials” and “Fluid Mechanics”. The final goal is the development of a complete training course by the pointed disciplines. The course of “Mechanics of materials” was created in e-learning platform of the NVNA LMS Moodle. The model displaces the focus from the theoretical methods and mathematical assumptions used for the proof of basic definitions on the basic knowledge and skills that are necessary for learning of the special disciplines. Control of obtained theoretical knowledge by the form of tests and quizzes check both theoretical knowledge and obtained skills for their application. Usage of questions that use parameters allows the test to be used in the evaluation of the skills for solving the practical problems, which is especially important for the course “Mechanics of materials”. It is used for current control during the semester and to form the final grade to the discipline. The achieved results by the students are analyzed, which provides guidance for the development of new issues, dropping the others, poorly formulated or very difficult issues, and also the test gives the directions of the teacher about what was absorbed well by the students and what is not. The course of “Fluid Mechanics” was created in e-learning platform of the NVNA LMS Moodle. The course of that discipline offers developed test system for evaluation of theoretical knowledge and practical skills of the students from the specialty Marine Engineering 18th Annual General Assembly 2017 International Association of Maritime Universities (IAMU)
ENERGETICS OF A BENTHIC DIVER: SEASONAL FORAGING ECOLOGY OF THE AUSTRALIAN SEA LION, NEOPHOCA CINEREA

This research examines the foraging energetics and diving behavior of the Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea. We examine whether the foraging ecology of the Australian sea lion is typical for an animal that has evolved to exploit benthic habitats. Such a strategy is in marked contrast to those utilized by some seabirds and other pinnipeds that feed in the midwater, where travel and search components of the time at sea become more important. Onshore and at-sea field metabolic rates (FMR) were measured using doubly labeled water in lactating sea lions at Kangaroo Island, South Australia, during the winter of 1988 (early lactation, breeding season 1) and the summer of 1990 (early lactation, breeding season 2). Dive behavior was also measured with dataloggers during these seasons, as well as in the summer of 1991 (late lactation, breeding season 2). The foraging behavior of Neophoca cinerea indicated that it works hard to exploit benthic habitats in the waters around its breeding site. Sea lions maximized .
The behaviour of the diamagnetic current modified MRI in different rotation profiles

Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence driven by magnetorotational instability (MRI) has been widely accepted as an efficient mechanism for transporting angular momentum radially outward in the discs. Previously, we have shown the triggering effect of the magnetization currents and the gradients produced by these currents on MRI for Keplerian discs. In this work, we examine the properties of the diamagnetic current modified MRI for the discs where the epicyclic frequencies deviate from Keplerian behaviour. We show that the diamagnetic effect modifies the instability both for an increasing and for a decreasing angular momentum with radius. The novel unstable region produced by magnetization effects still exists even if dΩ /dR > 0, where Ω(R) is the angular velocity. Inclusion of the diamagnetic effect increases the maximum dimensionless growth rate sm = 0.25 which was found from the classical MRI to sm = 0.59 for an outwardly increasing angular velocity profile with κ > 4Ω , where κ is the epicyclic frequency. Moreover, the maximum dimensionless growth rate is obtained as sm = 8.58 for a an outwardly decreasing angular velocity profile with 0 < κ < Ω . Decreasing the magnetic field strength which is already weak, leads to more rapid growth in any differential rotation profile.
IS THERE A TRADE-OFF BETWEEN SUPERVISION AND WAGE? EVIDENCE FOR A METAL MECHANICAL INDUSTRY IN BRAZILIAN SOUTH Reno Schmidt Junior (UFRGS)

The objective of this work was testing the existence of trade-off between supervision and wages in a metal mechanical industry in Brazilian south. The methodology used to assess the effects on productivity and the workers efficiency was the model of differences in differences. Evaluating the results, it was found that with increased supervision an increase in productivity ranging between 13,5% and 26,8%. So, with increased productivity, the firm having to choose between increasing the level of supervision, at the cost of US$ 624,98 or practice efficiency wages at a cost of US$ 2.907,72.
Efficient Image Segmentation based Brain Tumor Detection in MRI images

— Major brain tumors are not diagnosed until after symptoms appear. Often a brain tumor is initially diagnosed by an internist or a neurologist. An internist is a doctor who specializes in treating adults. A neurologist is a doctor who specializes in problems with the brain and central nervous system. Diagnosing a brain tumor usually begins with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI Imaging play an important role in brain tumor for analysis, diagnosis and treatment planning. Brain tumor detections using MRI images are a challenging task, because the complex structure of the brain. Brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cell of brain. MRI images offer better difference concern of various soft tissues of human body. This paper has proposed Tumor Detection System to identify the abnormal growth of cells in brain. The methodology includes image pre-processing, image segmentation, morphological operations and the detection of tumor in the brain. The system was designed and developed using MATLAB.
Comparative energy and protein utilization in kids and lambs

SUMMARY Twenty-eight male castrate kids and 28 male castrate lambs were assigned to a comparative slaughter experiment to compare energy and protein utilization. The experiment was conducted from January to March at Lincoln, New Zealand. Ten animals of each species comprised the initial slaughter group while the remaining 18 animals were randomly allocated to five feeding regimes. Animals were offered high-quality meadow hay for 13 weeks and then slaughtered. The energy retained in the body was regressed against metabolizable energy intake (MEI) to obtain estimates of maintenance energy requirement (MEm) and efficiency of energy utilization for growth (kg). Kids tended to have a higher MEm (0·44 v. 0·37 MJ ME/kg W0·75 per day in kids and lambs, respectively) and a higher kg (0·28v. 0·22) though these differences were not significant. There was no difference between the species in the composition of gain of the fleece or hair-free body with a protein energy to gross energy ratio in the gain of 0·20. The fleece or hair-free body composition was similar for both species (initial 0·51v. 0·48; final 0·36 v. 0·32; protein energy:gross energy, kids and lambs, respectively). Overall, the values for kg in both species were low and could not be explained solely by the composition of the gain. The efficiency of use of apparently absorbed amino acid (AA) for fleece or hair-free body protein deposition was higher for kids (0·52 v. 0·29) and, when the fleece or hair was included, the value increased markedly for lambs (0·50 v. 0·41, kids v. lambs, respectively). The protein energy apparently absorbed in the small intestine/MEI was not high or different between species (mean 0·18). The efficiency values for both species are low and not explained by the supply of protein relative to energy, which was not high. It was concluded that, with high-quality forage used to promote live weight gain, there was little difference between kids and lambs in the utilization of forage energy, and that the efficiency of utilization of absorbed protein for protein deposition was lower than expected in both species.
Corona Virus Global Health Transformation to Telemedicine, the Quality-of-Service Provision, and the Cybersecurity Challenges

The telecommunications industry in last decade went through the dramatic changes motivated by mobility, wireless technologies, and miniaturization. The current advances in Internet, Information Communication Technologies (ICT), Cloud Computing and Smart Ubiquitous Computational Devices create platform for ubiquitous access to patients’ medical record(s), while enabling multi-point live video supported patient care and post-discharge consultations. The continuous increase in the complexity and the heterogeneity of healthcare telecommunications infrastructures requires reliable methodology to assess the quality of service and Cybersecurity provision. In this paper, the authors discuss the importance of provision of Quality of Service and Cybersecurity in the field of medical care and Electronic Healthcare Management. The main motivation to present our paper is to discuss the use of data communications, Internet, cloud and Smart Ubiquitous Computational Devices in medical field while presenting possible scenarios related to ubiquitous access to Patient's Electronic Health Record and remote control of Medical Surgical Robots via Internet and Smart Ubiquitous Computational Devices. The message of the paper is to stress the importance of cyber security in the field of telemedicine to-day and tomorrow. The controlling of Smart Ubiquitous Computational Devices, Patient's Electronic Health Record and surgical robots are quite new applications in medical practice, and little is known about the possible scenarios that may be triggered by cyber security. The data from the medical devices, control data of the robot and Patient's Electronic Health Record are transmitted via data communications networks and Internet. As such, the quality of service provision and proper cyber security solutions are essential to patient's
Mechanical and anatomical adaptations in terrestrial and aquatic buttercups to their respective environments

The mechanical adaptations of the stems of four species of Ranunculus to their respective environments were studied by combining tensile, bending and flow-tunnel tests, with anatomical observation. Stems of the two terrestrial species, ft acris and ft repens, had high values for rigidity, El, because they were stiffened by large quantities of peripherally placed lignified material. This trend is less evident in ft repens, which had a lower rigidity, though it withstood a higher breaking strain than ft acris. This may adapt ft repens to its creeping habit and help it withstand trampling. The aquatic ft peltatus and ft fluitans, which live in still and fast-flowing water, respectively, are both more flexible and have higher breaking strains, of 0.1-0.15, than terrestrial plants, which may allow them to withstand sudden tugs due to flow, ft peltatus maintains the central lumen, places structural elements away from the centre, and has a higher rigidity than ft fluitans, which may allow it to avoid self-shading, and support itself when the water level falls. The stem of ft fluitans shows adaptations for withstanding drag from fast-flowing water. The stem has a low rigidity which allows it to minimize inertial drag forces by aligning itself parallel to the direction of the local flow. However, the rigidity (and the second moment of area, I) does not appear to be minimized. This may allow the plant to avoid drag due to flag-like fluttering. A weak region of the stem near the base may act as a 'mechanical fuse' which protects the root system by allowing seasonal growth to be lost.
Adaptive importance sampling for extreme quantile estimation with stochastic black box computer models

Quantile is an important quantity in reliability analysis, as it is related to the resistance level for defining failure events. This study develops a computationally efficient sampling method for estimating extreme quantiles using stochastic black box computer models. Importance sampling has been widely employed as a powerful variance reduction technique to reduce estimation uncertainty and improve computational efficiency in many reliability studies. However, when applied to quantile estimation, importance sampling faces challenges, because a good choice of the importance sampling density relies on information about the unknown quantile. We propose an adaptive method that refines the importance sampling density parameter toward the unknown target quantile value along the iterations. The proposed adaptive scheme allows us to use the simulation outcomes obtained in previous iterations for steering the simulation process to focus on important input areas. We prove some convergence properties of the proposed method and show that our approach can achieve variance reduction over crude Monte Carlo sampling. We demonstrate its estimation efficiency through numerical examples and wind turbine case study.
Moderate Behavior on the Roberts Court

This article reveals the characteristics of moderate judicial behavior and seeks to determine the conditions under which moderate decision-making occurs on the Roberts Court. The data in the study were derived from the Justice-Centered U.S. Supreme Court Database (2005-2014). The model’s parameters are subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. This research contributes to the dialogue relating to whether institutional norms and external factors may have a significant greater effect on moderate judicial decision-making than on non-moderate judicial decision-making in the United States Supreme Court.
Characteristics of Physical Fitness for Field-based Team Sports Players in Terms of Energy Supply during Intermittent Sprint Exercise Test

When examining the mechanism of energy supply during the reproduction of adenosine triphosphate, which is a direct source of energy for muscle contraction, physical exercise is classified into two major categories; anaerobic exercise, the explosive exertion of energy in a short period of time seen in sprints and throwing, and aerobic exercise, the continual submaximal-intensity exercise seen in long-distance running. Soccer and handball players are engaged in both anaerobic and aerobic exercise Characteristics of Physical Fitness for Field-based Team Sports Players in Terms of Energy Supply during Intermittent Sprint Exercise Test
Finite Automata over Infinite Alphabets

We present an automaton model that recognizes relations of finite or infinite words over infinite alphabets. We show that the relations recognized by our automaton model are monadic second-order definable and show a general equivalence between monadic second-order definability and recognizability in case of infinite alphabets. From this result we obtain a new application to monadic chain logic. We provide an extension to chain logic over infinitely branching trees by additionally allowing monadic second-order definable connections between siblings. Kurzfassung Wir präsentieren ein Automatenmodel welches Relationen von endlichen oder unendlichen Wörten über unendlichen Alphabeten erkennt. Wir zeigen, dass die von unserem Automatenmodel erkannten Relation definierbar sind in monadischer Logik zweiter Stufe, sowie die generelle Äquivalenz zwischen MSO Definierbarkeit und Erkennbarkeit im Fall von unendlichen Alphabeten. Unsere Ergebnisse ermöglichen uns eine neue Anwendung der Kettenlogik. Wir erweitern diese über unendlich verzweigte Bäume durch MSO-definierbare Verbindungen von Geschwisterknoten.
Order #ow composition and trading costs in a dynamic limit order market1

This article provides a game theoretic model of price formation and order placement decisions in a dynamic limit order market. Investors can choose to either post limit orders or submit market orders. Limit orders result in better execution prices but face a risk of non-execution and a winner's curse problem. Solving for the equilibrium of this dynamic game, closed-form solutions for the order placement strategies are obtained. Thus, testable implications for the cross-sectional behavior of the mix between market and limit orders and trading costs in limit order markets are derived. ( 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classixcation: G19; D44; C72
Accelerated flooding along the U. S. East Coast: On the impact of sea level rise, tides, storms, the Gulf Stream and NAO

1 2 Recent studies identified the U.S. East Coast north of Cape Hatteras as a “hotspot” for accelerated sea 3 level rise (SLR), and the analysis presented here show that the area is also a “hotspot for accelerated 4 flooding”. The duration of minor tidal flooding (defined as 0.3 m above MHHW) has accelerated in 5 recent years for most coastal locations from the Gulf of Maine to Florida. The average increase in annual 6 minor flooding duration was ~20 hours from the period until 1970 to 1971-1990, and ~50 hours from 7 1971-1990 to 1991-2013; spatial variations in acceleration of flooding resembles the spatial variations of 8 acceleration in sea level. The increase in minor flooding can be predicted from SLR and tidal range, but 9 the frequency of extreme storm-surge flooding events (0.9 m above MHHW) is less predictable, and 10 affected by the North Atlantic Oscillations (NAO). The number of extreme storm surge events since 11 1960 oscillates with a period of ~15-year and interannual variations in the number of storms is anti12 correlated with the NAO index. With higher seas, there are also more flooding events that are unrelated 13 to storm surges. For example, it is demonstrated that week-long flooding events in Norfolk, VA, are 14 often related to periods of decrease in the Florida Current transport. The results indicate that previously 15 reported connections between decadal variations in the Gulf Stream and coastal sea level may also apply 16 to short-term variations, so flood predictions may be improved if the Gulf Stream influence is 17 considered. 18