Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How reliable are case formulations? A systematic literature review.

OBJECTIVES This systematic literature review investigated the inter-rater and test-retest reliability of case formulations. We considered the reliability of case formulations across a range of theoretical modalities and the general quality of the primary research studies. METHODS A systematic search of five electronic databases was conducted in addition to reference list trawling to find studies that assessed the reliability of case formulation. This yielded 18 studies for review. A methodological quality assessment tool was developed to assess the quality of studies, which informed interpretation of the findings. RESULTS Results indicated inter-rater reliability mainly ranging from slight (.1-.4) to substantial (.81-1.0). Some studies highlighted that training and increased experience led to higher levels of agreement. In general, psychodynamic formulations appeared to generate somewhat increased levels of reliability than cognitive or behavioural formulations; however, these studies also included methods that may have served to inflate reliability, for example, pooling the scores of judges. Only one study investigated the test-retest reliability of case formulations yielding support for the stability of formulations over a 3-month period. CONCLUSIONS Reliability of case formulations is varied across a range of theoretical modalities, but can be improved; however, further research is required to strengthen our conclusions. PRACTITIONER POINTS Clinical implications: The findings from the review evidence some support for case formulation being congruent with the scientist-practitioner approach. The reliability of case formulation is likely to be improved through training and clinical experience. Limitations: The broad inclusion criteria may have introduced heterogeneity into the sample, which may have affected the results. Studies reviewed were limited to peer-reviewed journal articles written in the English language, which may represent a source of publication and selection bias.
Understanding Knowledge Networks

The emergence of Linked Open Data (LOD) enables data on the Web to have a well defined structure and thereby to represent and in? terlink information from different sources and application areas. This web of data is a complex socially created network, where concepts and rela? tions are connected in intricate ways, collectively forming a network of knowledge. These data are published in a decentralized fashion and they stem from different sources, have different types of relationships, and use different terminologies, ontologies and meta models. While this so-called LOD cloud has become a very valuable resource, we know only very little about the general structural properties of the contained data, which im? pedes our ability to use and organize this resource in an efficient and accu? rate manner. The objective of this paper is to provide a basic understand? ing of LOD from the point of view of network structures. We analyze LOD networks with respect to fundamental network properties such as degree distribution and clustering. Using these metrics, we compare our results to non-LOD networks, such as email, Web, and protein networks, that have been reported in the literature. Our results show that the LOD cloud ex? hibits a broad variety of different network structures, consistent with the diversity found in other types of networks.
Effects of Ultratrail Running on Skeletal-Muscle Oxygenation Dynamics.

PURPOSE To quantify changes in skeletal-muscle oxygenation and pulmonary O2 uptake (V̇O2) after an extreme ultratrail running bout. METHODS Before (PRE) and after (POST) the race (330-km, 24000 D±), profiles of vastus lateralis muscle oxygenation (ie, oxyhemoglobin [O2Hb], deoxyhemoglobin [HHb], and tissue oxygenation index [TOI]) and V̇O2 were determined in 14 athletes (EXP) and 12 control adults (CON) during two 4-min constant-load cycling bouts at power outputs of 1 (p1) and 1.5 (p1.5) W/kg performed in randomized order. RESULTS At POST, normalized [HHb] values increased (p1, +38.0%; p1.5, +27.9%; P < .05), while normalized [O2Hb] (p1, -20.4%; p1.5, -14.4%; P < .05) and TOI (p1, -17.0%; p1.5, -17.7%; P < .05) decreased in EXP. V̇O2 values were similar (P > 0.05). An "overshoot" in normalized [HHb]:V̇O2 was observed, although the increase was significant only during p1.5 (+58.7%, P = .003). No difference in the aforementioned variables was noted in CON (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The concentric and, particularly, the eccentric loads characterizing this extreme ultratrail-running bout may have led to variations in muscle structure and function, increasing the local muscle deoxygenation profile and the imbalance between O2 delivery to working muscles and muscle O2 consumption. This highlights the importance of incorporating graded training, particularly downhill bouts, to reduce the negative influence of concentric and severe eccentric loads to the microcirculatory function and to enhance the ability of runners to sustain such loading.
ACE inhibitors improve diabetic nephropathy through suppression of renal MCP-1.

OBJECTIVE Chemokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Angiotensin II induces several fibrogenic chemokines, namely monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and transforming growth factor-beta. The progression of diabetic nephropathy can be retarded by ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We examined if blockade of the renin-angiotensin system lowered urinary levels of the chemokine MCP-1 and correlated urinary MCP-1 (uMCP-1) with parameters of renal function and glucose and lipid metabolism before and after 1 year of treatment with an ACE inhibitor. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 22 patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy in stages 3-5, treatment with the ACEI lisinopril was initiated. Before treatment and after 12 months of continuous therapy, proteinuria, creatinine clearance, uMCP-1 levels, BMI, HbA(1c), and serum cholesterol were assessed. RESULTS Lisinopril treatment improved renal function. Proteinuria decreased from 410 +/- 662 mg per 24 h to 270 +/- 389 mg per 24 h. Creatinine clearance rose from 61 +/- 26 to 77 +/- 41 ml/min. Urinary MCP-1 levels decreased from 0.456 +/- 0.22 ng/mg creatinine to 0.08 +/- 0.096 ng/mg creatinine. The change in uMCP-1 correlated significantly (r = 0.61, P < 0.001) with the change in proteinuria. No other parameter correlated with the improvement in renal function. CONCLUSIONS Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy reduces uMCP-1 levels and improves renal function. Because MCP-1 induces monocyte immigration and differentiation to macrophages, which augment extracellular matrix production and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, pharmacological reduction of angiotensin II may also exert its beneficial effects in diabetic nephropathy by downregulation of renal MCP-1.
Subjective Quality Estimation Model for Video Streaming Services with Dynamic Bit-Rate Control

This paper proposes a subjective model for estimating the quality of video streaming services with dynamic bit-rate control. In a subjective quality assessment test, we clarify users' perceptions of distributed video signals whose quality is time-variant due to dynamic bit-rate control. Using this result, we constructed an estimation model considering the following three characteristics: 1) the influence of the video section where quality degradation is large will strongly affect the overall quality, 2) the impression of a past quality weakens with the passage of time, and 3) the range of evaluation scores becomes wider when the time duration of an evaluation is longer. We found that the proposed model enables the accuracy of estimating overall subjective quality to be dramatically improved compared with that of a model that averages segmental quality. The estimation error of the proposed model is less than the statistical reliability of the subjective score even for verification data. We also show that our findings are applicable to QoS design/management issues for video streaming services with dynamic bit-rate control.
COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE & L-THEANINE CONSUMPTION ON SUBJECTIVE CARDIOVASCULAR SIGNS AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES.

Non-alcoholic beverages comprise of Caffeine and L-theanine as core ingredients. Caffeine is attributed to augment cardiovascular and neurophysiological responses by enhancing the neurotransmission of catecholamines after binding with adenosine receptors antagonistically. L-theanine, as a constituent of green tea is helpful in lowering blood pressure by antagonizing the effects of excitatory neurotransmitters after subsequent release of inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. 87 healthy females with age 18-19 years, participated in the study were divided into three different groups. Group A was subjected to consume cold beverage (soft drink). Participants of group B & C were allowed to take hot beverages in the form of tea and green tea respectively. Cardiovascular parameters and neurophysiological responses were assessed before and after 45 minutes of beverages intake.Statistical analysis revealed a significant improvement in the reaction time of tea and in concentration test of both tea and green tea consumers. In addition, a less significant increase in HR with tremendous decrease in PR was observed among green tea consumers. Furthermore, significant reduction in both systolic & diastolic blood pressure was evident with green tea consumers.Experimental results are unveiling effectiveness of L-theanine over caffeine in lowering BP, HR & PR after antagonizing the release of excitatory neurotransmitter along with the opening of ligand gated chloride channels that leads to hyperpolarization. Moreover, a favorable combination of caffeine & L-theanine is responsible for enhancing cognitive performances, alertness and well being.
Giraffe Strain of Pestivirus: Its Taxonomic Status Based on the 5′‐Untranslated Region

The 5′‐untranslated region (5′‐UTR) of the ‘Giraffe’ strain of pestivirus was sequenced for comparison with those of other pestiviruses from cattle, sheep, goats, and swine. A phylogenetic tree constructed with these strains suggested that the ‘Giraffe’ strain was allocated to a new taxon. This observation was also confirmed by a newly proposed method based on palindromic nucleotide substitutions (PNS) at the three variable regions in the 5′‐UTR. Other reported pestivirus strains isolated from deer were assigned as bovine viral disease virus (BVDV)‐1 according to the PNS as well as phylogenetic analysis, suggesting that BVDV‐1 strains can cross‐infect deer as well as cattle, sheep, goats, and swine, and that wild deer may serve as a reservoir of BVDV‐1. We also identified the genovar of a deer isolate, SH9/11, as BVDV‐1c by the PNS method.
Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclophosphamide for therapy of lupus nephritis: an evidence-based case report from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Background: The aim of this case study is to compare the effectiveness between cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate mofetil to achieve remission of lupus nephritis in an evidence-based case report from meta-analyses. Methods: Method in this case study is evidence-based case report using meta-analyses. Clinical question used in this paper is; which immunosuppressant gives better result in achieving remission in lupus nephritis patient: cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil? To answer this question, we search the evidence from PubMed with the keywords: “lupus nephritis AND mycophenolate mofetil AND cyclophosphamide” with inclusion criteria of meta-analysis, written in English, and focused comparing cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate mofetil. Results: From the searching method, we found 11 articles which is relevant. One has been excluded since it written in Hebrew, 4 articles excluded since are not focus answering the clinical question. At the end, 6 studies were included to the critical appraisal step. Conclusion: Based on the evidences, mycophenolate mofetil is non-inferior to cyclophosphamide in achieving remission in lupus nephritis patients, but with the better safety profile. Patient in our case study get mycophenolate mofetil and shows better clinical condition towards remission as she are evaluated in the outpatient clinic. (Med J Indones 2012;21:44-51)
EL PAPEL DE LA INFORMACIÓN CONTABLE FINANCIERA EN LA CONSOLIDACIÓN DE LA LÓGICA FINANCIERA CAPITALISTA: ANÁLISIS A PARTIR DE LAS CRISIS FINANCIERAS

La contabilidad es de vital importancia en las economias gracias a su contribucion en el proceso de toma de decisiones y al control que ejerce sobre la riqueza; ello la convierte en un instrumento de gran relevancia para el modo de produccion capitalista. Es por esto que el presente escrito intenta realizar una aproximacion del papel que cumple la contabilidad como mecanismo de legitimacion de la logica financiera capitalista y de las practicas que caracterizan a este sistema en busqueda de los objetivos de maximizacion y rentabilidad, gracias a los cuales se han tomado malas decisiones por los directivos e inversionistas, generando con esto crisis financieras que vienen acompanadas de revelacion de informacion erronea y viciada por parte de las organizaciones, y en las cuales la regulacion y la gestion de riesgos se convierten en aspectos determinantes.
Adolescents in psychodynamic psychotherapy: Changes in internal representations of relationships with parents

Abstract This study explored whether and how internal representations of adolescents' relationship with their parents—a fundamental concept in psychodynamic theory—changed in the course of a year of treatment and whether the observed changes were related to changes in symptoms. Seventy two adolescents (ages 15–18; 30 in treatment and 42 in a non-treatment “community group”) underwent Relationship Anecdote Paradigm (RAP) interviews according to the Core Conflictual Relationship Theme method (CCRT; Luborsky & Crits-Christoph, 1998) and completed outcome measures at two time points. A novel data-driven approach to clustering CCRT categories was used to characterize internal representations. The potential contribution of this approach to the CCRT method is discussed. The results indicate that adolescents' internal representations of their relationships with their parents changed significantly throughout treatment, and were related to changes in symptoms.
Modernization of lifestyle, body fat content and body fat distribution: a comparison of Igloolik Inuit and Volochanka nGanasan.

OBJECTIVE To compare two circumpolar populations at different stages in adoption of a modern lifestyle with respect to body fat content, fat distribution, blood lipids and blood pressures. DESIGN Cross-sectional comparison between Inuit and nGanasan. SUBJECTS 141 male and 107 female Inuit (aged 17-49 years) living in the modern settlement of Igloolik (69 degrees 40'N, 81 degrees W) and 38 male and 39 female nGanasan living a more traditional lifestyle in Volochanka (71 degrees N, 94 degrees E). MEASUREMENT Triceps, subscapular and suprailiac skinfold thicknesses, chest and waist circumferences, blood pressures, plasma total cholesterol, plasma HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. RESULTS Igloolik Inuit now have similar subcutaneous fat readings to their urban counterparts, average values increasing with age from 10 to 16 mm in males, and from 15 to 29 mm in females. In Volochanka, the men retain low readings (6-8 mm), but the women (13-25 mm) almost match their Inuit counterparts. Individual skinfolds, chest and waist circumferences all show substantial correlations with blood pressure (nGanasan > Inuit). The subscapular/triceps ratio is also high (Igloolik, 1.55 to 1.74 in men, 1.06 to 1.15 in women; Volochanka, 1.45 to 1.70 in men and 1.20 to 1.70 in women), but this ratio is only weakly correlated with plasma lipids and blood pressures. CONCLUSIONS Internal fat deposition may reduce correlations between skinfolds and other cardiac risk factors. Nevertheless, the Inuit have accumulated fat in adopting a modern, sedentary lifestyle, with adverse implications for their future health.
Spatial distribution of Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars and implications for the global population

We construct revised near-infrared absolute magnitude calibrations for 126 Galactic Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars at known distances, based in part upon recent large scale spectroscopic surveys. Application to 246 WR stars located in the field, permits us to map their galactic distribution. As anticipated, WR stars generally lie in the thin disk (~40pc half width at half maximum) between galactocentric radii 3.5-10kpc, in accordance with other star formation tracers. We highlight 12 WR stars located at vertical distances of >300pc from the midplane. Analysis of the radial variation in WR subtypes exposes a ubiquitously higher N_{WC}/N_{WN} ratio than predicted by stellar evolutionary models accounting for rotation. Models for non-rotating stars or accounting for close binary evolution are more consistent with observations. We consolidate information acquired about the known WR content of the Milky Way to build a simple model of the complete population. We derive observable quantities over a range of wavelengths, allowing us to estimate a total number of 1200(+300,-100) Galactic WR stars, implying an average duration of ~0.25Myr for the WR phase at the current Milky Way star formation rate. Of relevance to future spectroscopic surveys, we use this model WR population to predict follow-up spectroscopy to K_S ~ 13 mag will be necessary to identify 95% of Galactic WR stars. We anticipate that ESA's Gaia mission will make few additional WR star discoveries via low-resolution spectroscopy, though will significantly refine existing distance determinations. Appendix A provides a complete inventory of 322 Galactic WR stars discovered since the VIIth catalogue (313 including Annex), including a revised nomenclature scheme.
Surface theorem for the Chern-Simons axion coupling

The Center for Nanostructured Graphene (CNG) is sponsored by the Danish National Research Foundation, Project No. DNRF103. D.V. acknowledges support from NSF Grant No. DMR-1408838. I.S. acknowledges support from European Commission Grant No. CIG-303602, and from Grant No. FIS2016-77188-P from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad.
Restricted dispersal in a continuously distributed marine species: common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus in coastal waters of the western North Atlantic

The marine environment provides an opportunity to examine population structure in species with high dispersal capabilities and often no obvious barriers to genetic exchange. In coastal waters of the western North Atlantic, common bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, are a highly mobile species with a continuous distribution from New York to Florida. We examine if the highly mobile nature coupled with no obvious geographic barriers to movement in this region result in a large panmictic population. Mitochondrial control region sequences and 18 microsatellite loci indicate dolphins are partitioning the habitat both latitudinally and longitudinally. A minimum of five genetically differentiated populations were identified among 404 samples collected in the range of New Jersey to northern Florida using both genetic marker types, some inhabiting nearshore coastal waters and others utilizing inshore estuarine waters. The genetic results reject the hypothesis of a single stock of coastal bottlenose dolphins put forth after the 1987–1988 epizootic that caused a large‐scale die‐off of dolphins and suggest instead the disease vector was transferred from one population to the next as a result of seasonal migratory movements of some populations. These coastal Atlantic populations also differ significantly from bottlenose dolphin samples collected in coastal waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico, implying a long‐term barrier to movement between the two basins.
SeqA limits DnaA activity in replication from oriC in Escherichia coli

A mutant Escherichia coli that transforms minichromosomes with high efficiency in the absence of Dam methylation has been Isolated and the mutation mapped to 16.25 min on the E. coli map. The mutant strain containing seqA2 is defective for growth in rich medium but not in minimal medium. A similar mutation In this gene, named seqA1, has also been isolated.
Rising drug allergy alert overrides in electronic health records: an observational retrospective study of a decade of experience

OBJECTIVE There have been growing concerns about the impact of drug allergy alerts on patient safety and provider alert fatigue. The authors aimed to explore the common drug allergy alerts over the last 10 years and the reasons why providers tend to override these alerts. DESIGN Retrospective observational cross-sectional study (2004-2013). MATERIALS AND METHODS Drug allergy alert data (n = 611,192) were collected from two large academic hospitals in Boston, MA (USA). RESULTS Overall, the authors found an increase in the rate of drug allergy alert overrides, from 83.3% in 2004 to 87.6% in 2013 (P < .001). Alarmingly, alerts for immune mediated and life threatening reactions with definite allergen and prescribed medication matches were overridden 72.8% and 74.1% of the time, respectively. However, providers were less likely to override these alerts compared to possible (cross-sensitivity) or probable (allergen group) matches (P < .001). The most common drug allergy alerts were triggered by allergies to narcotics (48%) and other analgesics (6%), antibiotics (10%), and statins (2%). Only slightly more than one-third of the reactions (34.2%) were potentially immune mediated. Finally, more than half of the overrides reasons pointed to irrelevant alerts (i.e., patient has tolerated the medication before, 50.9%) and providers were significantly more likely to override repeated alerts (89.7%) rather than first time alerts (77.4%, P < .001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These findings underline the urgent need for more efforts to provide more accurate and relevant drug allergy alerts to help reduce alert override rates and improve alert fatigue.
The Backfire-to-Broadside Symmetrical Beam-Scanning Periodic Offset Microstrip Antenna

A backfire-to-broadside beam-scanning antenna with a periodic structure is described. The proposed antenna consists of the offset double-sided parallel-strip lines (DSPSL). The characteristics of the offset DSPSL have been studied, and then a series of offset DSPSL have been applied as the periodic antenna with a backfire-to-broadside symmetrical beam scanning capability. Both in plane and plane, main beams symmetrically steer from the backfire direction to the broadside direction with the increase of the operating frequency. The fractional impedance bandwidth has been broadened to nearly 50% by using the offset DSPSL structure.
Indoor dampness and mould health effects – ongoing questions on microbial exposures and allergic versus nonallergic mechanisms

For some time now, it has been apparent that living, working, or going to school in damp buildings is associated with adverse health effects. In 2004 and 2009, two major reviews were published relating to health effects and damp indoor environments. These were the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report [1] and the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for dampness and mould [2]. In 2011, a follow-up review to the WHO guidelines was published [3]. These three publications documented that occupants of damp indoor environments are at risk for upper and lower respiratory symptoms, onset and exacerbation of asthma, respiratory infections, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, allergic rhinitis, eczema, and bronchitis.