Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ABSTRACT SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES IN LAKE WINNEBAGO, WISCONSIN

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES IN LAKE WINNEBAGO, WISCONSIN By Courtney L. Heling Numerous studies have examined the distribution of benthic invertebrates in lakes through space and time. However, most studies typically focus on single habitats or individual taxa rather than sampling comprehensively in multiple habitats in a single system. The focus of this study was to quantify the spatial distribution of the macroinvertebrate taxa present in three major lake zones (profundal, offshore reef, and littoral) in Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin, with a particular emphasis on chironomid distribution, and to determine what factors drove patterns in variation. The profundal zone was sampled for two consecutive years in August to determine if changes in spatial variation occurred from one year to the next. Using a variety of sampling methods, invertebrates were collected from all three zones in 2013 and the profundal zone in 2014. Additionally, numerous physical and biological variables were measured at each sampling site. Benthic invertebrate densities ranged from 228 to 66,761 individuals per m 2 and varied among lake zones and substrates. Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) were numerically dominant in both the offshore reef and littoral zones, while chironomids and oligochaetes comprised approximately 75% of profundal invertebrates sampled. Principal components analysis (PCA) showed that chironomid community structure differed highly among the three major lake zones. The littoral and offshore reef zones had the highest chironomid taxa richness, while the profundal zone, where Procladius spp. and Chironomus spp. were dominant, had lower richness. Chironomid density and community structure exhibited spatial variation within the profundal zone. The abundance of chironomids was correlated with several habitat variables, including organic matter content of the sediments. As aquatic systems undergo rapid modification due to the introduction of invasive species, eutrophication, and climate change it has become increasingly important to conduct comprehensive studies, such as this one, to better assess the manner in which these systems respond and adapt to change.
Development of Wear Resistant Al-Si-Ce Metal Matrix Composites Using Gr as Reinforcement

In the present investigation wear resistant of Aluminium Matrix Composites (AMCs) were developed by using Graphite as reinforcement and Cerium as a grain refiner. Al-Si-Ce alloys and Al-Si-Ce-Gr AMCs were casted using stir casting metallurgy techniques and the castings were T6 heat treated. Cerium was added from 0.15 wt% to 0.3 wt% and Graphite of 4 wt% was added as reinforcement in the manufacture of AMCs. Wear tests were conducted as per ASTM G-99 test standards. The experiments were conducted with two different speeds and loads of 100 rpm 500 rpm and 10 N – 50 N. From the wear testing analysis, it was found that at higher speed and lower load wear loss and coefficient of friction was minimum in all the investigating alloys and composites. Maximum wear loss was observed at lower speed (100 rpm) with highest (50 N) load.
Impact of heat stress on growth and egg quality of poultry birds

Poultry farming is fast growing business in India with quick and regular return. These birds are very sensitive to environmental changes which directly or indirectly affect the production and reproduction performance of the birds. Heat stress is one of the most important environmental stressors challenging poultry production worldwide. Heat stress affects directly and indirectly metabolic and physiological acclimation which may reduce the growth and egg quality of commercial laying hens. This study was conducted to evaluate the drastic effects of swear heat conditions. In this experiment total 54 chicks of breeds i.e. Rhode Island Red, Punjab Red and Kadaknath were housed in cages in each of 3 environmental chambers. This study includes three treatments along with twice replicates and each replicate consists of 18 birds. The treatments consists of control (average temperature (22.5 C) and relative humidity (50%), cyclic (daily cyclic temperature (22.5-37 C) and humidity (50-15%) and heat stress (constant heat (37 C) and humidity (50%) for 5 wk. Standard feeding and management practices were followed during the experimental period. Different growth and egg quality parameters were measured. Body weight and feed consumption were significantly reduced in all three breeds in the heat stress group. Egg production, egg weight, shell weight and shell thickness were significantly inhibited among birds in the heat stress group. These results indicate that heat stress not only adversely affects production performance but also inhibits egg quality.
Rearing of Indian native bumble bee (Bombus haemorrhoidalis Smith) in mid hill conditions of Himalaya

During early spring, the hibernated queens were trapped from Papaver rhoea, Caryopteris bicolor, Delphinium ajacis, Adhatoda vasica, Brassica juncea and Lupinus mutabilis for initiating rearing of bumble bee, Bombus haemorrhoidalis Smith. Bumble bee colonies were reared under laboratory condition by maintaining 27±1°C temperature and 65-70 percent relative humidity and by continuously feeding the sucrose solution (50%) and fresh pollen pellets collected by honey bees. The average time for wax secretion was 9.33±1.45, 6.50±1.55 and 6.00±1.01 days during February, March and April, respectively whereas development time from egg to adult was ranged between 17 to 33 days. The developmental period of bumble bee colonies was found to be less in queens trapped during March and April.
EVALUATION ANTIBIOGRAM OF INDOOR AIR FOR 3 BACTERIA ORGANISMS AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL 4 SUSCEPTIBILITY PROFILES MICROBES IN A 5 GOVERNMENT HEALTH

Aim: To evaluate environmental bacteria isolates from government health institutions and their antimicrobial profile.develop an antibiogram for indoor air bacteria isolated from a government health institution Place and Duration of Study: The sampled location was the mini mile3 model primary health centre, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. with coordinates 4.806N and 6.992E for three months (January-March). Methodology: Indoor air quality was investigated using the sedimentation technique which allows Petri plates containing growth media to be exposed to the atmosphere of the study sites. Plates were exposed for 15 minutes in at each given site. The children, post-natal, outpatient and the injection wards were the studied sites. Nutrient agar and mannitol salt agar were the media used to enumerate the total bacteria and Staphylococci respectively. Commercially prepared antibiotics disc with known concentrations were used to test for susceptibility of these microbes using the disc diffusion technique and test isolates were standardized using the McFarland standard. Results: Four bacterial genera groups isolated were Bacillus sp (20.41%), Micrococcus sp (28.57%), Serratia sp (10.21%) and coagulase negative and positive Staphylococcus sp (40.82%). The mean count for the total heterotrophic bacteria and Staphylococci counts in log10Cfu/m 3 for morning sections ranged from (3.41±021-3.84±0.09) and (3.15±0.14 3.25±0.13) respectively. While counts for the evening section ranged from (3.50±0.113.91±0.05) (3.24±0.42 – 3.48±0.04) respectively. There was a significant difference between the morning and evening hours of the total Staphylococci at P=0.05. There was a 100% susceptibility rate by all the bacterial isolatesthe microbes to ciprofloxacin. Serratia species were 100% susceptible to tarivid. Staphylococci and Micrococcus species were 100% resistant to ampicillin which was 100% effective against Bacillus. Conclusion: The microbial load in this study was very high. Microbes isolated in this study are pathogenic and are known to be associated with nosocomial infections. Ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, pefloxacin and tarivid are best recommended for infections arising from this site.
Comparative performance and economic efficiency of different pesticides against okra jassids (Amrasca biguttula biguttula): Their impact on okra yield and growth attributes

Okra is a vegetable of high economic importance. Among many pests attacking it, jassids are considered to be the major one. Considering the impacts of jassids on yield reduction of okra, health hazards due to chemical pesticides and the high cost of chemical pesticides, a field experiment was conducted in olericulture farm of Agriculture and Forestry University in April, 2019 to assess the comparative performance and economic efficiency of different pesticides against okra jassids; their impact on yield and growth attributes. The pesticides Mugwort green leaves @200g/L, Justicia green leaves @200g/L, Neemix @2ml/L, Nitenpyram @2ml/L and an untreated plot i.e. control was chosen as treatments. Nitenpyram was found to be significantly (P<0.05) superior to Neemix, Justicia, Mugwort and control for percent reduction in okra jassids (84-93%) after 48 hours of spray. Both Nitenpyram and Neemix treated plot were statistically (p<0.05) similar for yields (26 mT/ha and 22.4 mt/ha respectively). Nitenpyram was superiorly significant (p<0.05) for okra plant height, biomass and fruit length from rest of the treatments. The correlation between the percent reduction of pests and yield of okra was found to be 0.733, 0.789, 0.859 and 0.74 (all at p<0.01) for the 4 sprays. The benefit cost ratio was highest for plot treated with Justicia (1.78) followed by Neemix, Nitenpyram, mugwort and control. Thus, it would be better to suggest the okra growing farmers of Chitwan to use Nitenpyram for maximum reduction of jassids but for yield purpose Neemix can be suggested for a better yield without using chemical pesticide. Justicia and Neemix both would prove to be economically efficient owing to their high BC ratio (1.78 and 1.65).
The Game Strategy of Sustainable Development of P2P Internet Loan

 Abstract — P2P network lending is a new type of Internet finance model for individuals and small and micro enterprises borrowing money. It is different from traditional bank lending and has the characteristics of high flexibility and ease of application. The phenomenon of default and fraudulent operation of P2P online loans in actual financial activities has aroused great concern from the society and the government. For the sustainable development of the emerging Internet financial model, this article based on the P2P network loan model, introduced the asset breach protection measures—insurance system, P2P platform registered margin system, government central bank supervision system, and established a mathematical model to obtain the optimal game strategy.
Antimicrobial Activity, Cytotoxicity and Bioactive Constituents by GC/MS Analysis of Essential Oils

Objectives: The study objective was to select natural essential oils that can act as antimicrobial and flavoring agents, to determine the antimicrobial effect, and to evaluate the possibility of its use as a component of mouthwash through toxicity evaluation. Methods: Disc-diffusion test, Minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were measured to evaluate the antimicrobial effect against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans by selecting Cinnamon bark, Lemongrass, Clove bud, Tea tree, Eucalyptus and Girofle (Clove) from natural essential oils commercially available. By analyzing the exact components by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) of six kinds of essential oils, it was possible to identify the major components showing antimicrobial effect. Cell cytotoxicity test was performed using Agar overlay test oil which showed International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 120 No. 6 2018, 5139-5159 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.acadpubl. eu/hub/ Special Issue http://www.acadpubl. eu/hub/
Analyzing the spatial distribution of Lynx lynx in Switzerland

Since the first release in 1971, two lynx populations have evolved in Switzerland consisting of about 134 individuals in the Alps and 58 individuals in the Jura Mountains. However, the return of the lynx is controversially discussed and management conflicts appear. It is therefore of high importance to identify major drivers of the potential lynx distribution in order to assess further expansion potential and to devise effective conservation plans. Accordingly, this Master thesis was designed to explain lynx occurrences in Switzerland as a function of eleven environmental variables. For this, spatially and temporally highly resolved GPStracked resident lynx locations and a quantitative modelling approach relying on Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) was used. Consequently, the present study allows to delineate important environmental drivers of lynx occurrence, allowing to define management recommendations based on identification of sensitive areas. State-of-the-art remotely sensed environmental variables such as snow information, vegetation height and night light emission were found particularly important for lynx occurrence. In general, lynx preferred areas located higher than 600 m a.s. l. and forests with a relatively low vegetation height up to 10 m. In open land, a vegetation height below 1m had a negative effect on the occurrence of lynx, suggesting that lynx avoid such landscape. On the other hand, lynx preferred vegetation heights in open land from 1 m up to 5 m. Regarding night light emission, females with cubs showed a preference for dark environments while males and females without cubs were much less sensitive to night light emission. In summer, snow cover fraction was completely insignificant. However, in winter, it played a major role in the distribution of lynx. Also in winter, lynx tended to avoid areas with cumulative snowfall of the last 72 hours greater than 40 – 45 mm. Overall, cumulative snowfall of the last 72 hours appeared to be the most important explanatory variables for habitat selection by lynx. In summary, the results of this study clearly indicate that snow may be a key factor in the spatial distribution of lynx in Switzerland. Consequently, the observed relationship between snow information and lynx occurrence raises new questions and will hopefully inspire new studies. Based on this assessment, environmental managers may gain new insights into the habitat choice of lynx and identify sensitive areas for lynx in a more differentiated way.
Synchrotron FTIR Light Reveals Signal Changes of Biofunctionalized Magnetic Nanoparticle Attachment on Salmonella sp.

The objective of this research was to develop new technology for possible noncontact, nondestructive, and culture-independent rapid detection of Salmonella using ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Light signal changes of particles, cells, and their reaction stages were investigated. Amino-functionalized ferromagnetic nanoparticles (amino-FMNs) were synthesized and modified by glutaraldehyde to crosslink the attachment of specific antibodies to the particles. The nanoparticle complex was used to capture, concentrate, and isolate Salmonella in a culture broth. Signal changes of the four stages of the nanoparticles-amino-glutaraldehyde-antibodies-Salmonella cell attachments were tracked with sensitive Synchrotron FTIR spectroscopy (SR-FTIR). The unique peaks from these four steps were identified. Results can be applied to develop a new test method or a new test/universal reader for rapid, nondestructive, and culture-independent detection of Salmonella in food products using IR spectroscopy at wave numbers 1454 cm-1, 1542 cm-1, and 1414 cm-1, respectively.
Development and Validation of a Yoga Module for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Background: Most adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do not meet treatment goals, which increases their risk for diabetes-related complications; therefore, finding ways to improve adherence to therapy is crucial. Yoga is known to more people as physical posture and a way to glycemic variability management strategy. The previous study has reported the beneficial role of yoga in improving glycemic variability and autoimmune disorder. However, a validated yoga module for T1D, is unavailable. DevelopmentandValidationofaYogaModuleforAdolescentswithType1Diabetes
The present and future of cough counting tools

The widespread use of cough counting tools has, to date, been limited by a reliance on human input to determine cough frequency. However, over the last two decades advances in digital technology and audio capture have reduced this dependence. As a result, cough frequency is increasingly recognised as a measurable parameter of respiratory disease. Cough frequency is now the gold standard primary endpoint for trials of new treatments for chronic cough, has been investigated as a marker of infectiousness in tuberculosis (TB), and used to demonstrate recovery in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This review discusses the principles of automatic cough detection and summarises key currently and recently used cough counting technology in clinical research. It additionally makes some predictions on future directions in the field based on recent developments. It seems likely that newer approaches to signal processing, the adoption of techniques from automatic speech recognition, and the widespread ownership of mobile devices will help drive forward the development of real-time fully automated ambulatory cough frequency monitoring over the coming years. These changes should allow cough counting systems to transition from their current status as a niche research tool in chronic cough to a much more widely applicable method for assessing, investigating and understanding respiratory disease.
CONSTRAINTS ON EARTH’S THERMAL EVOLUTION FROM THE HEAVY NOBLE GAS CONTENT OF THE MANTLE

The presence of liquid water on a planet over geological timescales is critical for its potential to harbor life. On the Earth, surface water is cycled from the atmosphere into the lithosphere, subducted into the mantle and degassed back to the atmosphere. However, some of the subducted water is retained in the mantle as determined by the thermal and metamorphic conditions of the subduction zone. Therefore, in order to understand the planet’s surface water over time, it is important to characterize Earth’s thermal subduction history. The Earth is currently in a cold subduction thermal regime, however, measurements and models suggest that hot subduction dominated in the past. Here we constrain when the switch from hot to cold subduction occurred in Earth history based on present day noble gas abundances of the mantle. Noble gases are retained in a subducting slab until certain conditions are reached, at which point they are lost from the slab. However, these gases experience an elemental fractionation effect in hot subduction zones but remain unfractionated in cold subduction zones. This affects the mantle noble gas input ratios and thus the mantle noble gas content as a whole, indicating that noble gases can be used as tracers to determine the planet’s thermal subduction history. We model the cycling of noble gases between the surface and mantle coupled with the mantle’s thermal evolution and compare our results to modern mantle noble gas observations to answer this question. We consider the classic case of mantle convection where plate tectonics is active throughout Earth history and the heat flux scales with the Rayleigh number to the 1/3 power. We first find the mantle steady states for hot and cold subduction, then find the time frame for the mantle to reach steady state (it’s e-folding time). Finally, we run the full model to constrain the cold subduction onset time with parameters adjusted to push it as far back as possible. We find the modern MORB mantle noble gas ratio is closer to the hot steady state than the cold steady state, and is therefore not in equilibrium with the planets modern, cold subduction regime. The e-folding time of the mantle is approximately 1 Ga, indicating the switch from hot to cold subduction occurred in the recent geologic past. Our full model results indicate a transition time between 500 Ma to 1 Ga ago at the very earliest, during the Neoproterozoic.
Optimization of photoperiodism on growth and survival of Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758) larvae

Effect of photoperiod on growth and survival of Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758) larvae were studied under Five different photoperiodic conditions: 24L (hrs. light):0D (hrs. dark) (T1), 18L: 6D (T2), 6L: 18D (T3), 0L: 24D (T4)), 12L: 12D (C). Average body weight (542.60±11.89 mg), specific growth rate (SGR) (7.43±0.04) and percentage weight gain (PWG) (4010.6±50.10) obtained in T3 (6L: 18D) photoperiodic condition was found to be significantly (p
Do Large-scale Point-of-sale Data Satisfy the Generalized Axiom of Revealed Preference in Aggregation Using Representative Price Indexes?: A Case Involving Processed Food and Beverages

The necessary conditions for data to be rationalized by weakly separable utility functions are verified by aggregation using representative price indexes. For processed food and beverages, the generalized axiom of revealed preference (GARP) is tested using large-scale product-level point-of-sale data. If GARP is not satisfied, the Afriat efficiency index (AEI) is introduced to assess the degree of optimization error. We find that the larger the number of observations in the time series direction, the less likely GARP is to be satisfied. However, the maximum level of AEI is, at most, more than 99.6%, indicating that the degree of the optimization error is small.
Recent developments and trends for analyzing gait in Parkinsonâ€TMs Patients

Gait impairments are the foremost cause of morbidity in the Parkinson Patients. Due to the characteristics of these gaits varying enormously from normal gait to the freezing of gait, the analysis turns to be very difficult at clinical side. Analyzing gait using the instruments is one of the traditional method giving less accurate results. However, different algorithms and techniques have been implemented recently over the wearable sensor data to analyze, monitor or detect the gait in Parkinson patients. Therefore, the sole purpose of this research study is to explore different techniques used for analyzing gait in Parkinson patients.
The Use of Student Ratings in Promotion Decisions.

The tight job market for tenured academic positions heightens demands for fairness and accountability in the award of tenure. Most colleges and universities attach great importance to teaching ability in criteria for promotion, yet faculty members everywhere believe that the formal criteria claim more weight for excellent teaching than is actually accorded it. This discrepancy, we believe, rests partly on how data about teaching is presented to promotion committees. We tested the effect on promotion decisions of two different methods of presenting data from student evaluations. This study derives from theories of influence developed in social psychology and communications. Hovland, Janis, and Kelley [4] suggest a sequential process of attention, learning, and acceptance as the framework for psychological studies of communication and persuasion. One key element in persuasion is supporting evidence for the recommended opinion. Eagly [2] found that the amount of supporting evidence and the affective reaction to it influence the comprehensibility of persuasive arguments. In their experimental study of undergraduates' choices of psychology courses, Borgida and Nisbett [1] found that concrete, oral information from previous students had a greater impact on students' decisions than abstract, statistical summaries of student ratings. This study is but one of several that find that face-to-face case histories are more persuasive than base-rate statistical information (see review by Taylor and Thompson [6]). Although these results have often been attributed to the vividness of personal