Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elastic composite skin for a pure shear morphing wing structures

This study is focused on developing a morphing skin that can perform ±30° pure shear morphing. Carbon fibre–reinforced plastic rods–reinforced and Kevlar-reinforced silicone rubber matrix composite skin is designed, fabricated, tested, and utilized on the demonstrator wing. This skin design has achieved satisfactory wrinkle onset angle (>50°) without applying pre-tension or pre-stretch, low in-plane shear stiffness that allows the skin of 1 m2 to perform 30° shear morphing under 30 kg actuating force, designable out-of-plane stiffness, considerable damage tolerance, and simplicity in fabrication. This article describes the designing process of the skin, where a carbon fiber–reinforced plastic rod–reinforced skin is tested and revised to the final design; the study on the mechanism of different types of wrinkles as well as the strategies of wrinkles reduction, where two complementary wrinkle characterization methods are used; analysis and testing on out-of-plane stiffness; and finally, the utilization of skin on a demonstrator morphing wing structure. The presented skin can also be used as morphing face sheet.
Sustainable entrepreneurship and career transitions: the role of individual identity

This paper explores the drivers of career transitions into sustainable entrepreneurship with the aim of furthering our understanding of the individual-level aspects of this phenomenon. Using a multiple case studies approach, insights are provided into the interconnectedness of individual identity and social change drivers. Hence, sustainable entrepreneurship emerges as a space for the enactment of authenticity in one’s career which, regardless of intentionality, results in contributing to social change activities. We find that individualistic identity-related reasons for breaking free (e.g. from authenticity constraints) may be vital antecedents to social outcomes (e.g. breaking up unsustainable practices).
Insecurity by obscurity continues: are ADSL router manuals putting end-users at risk

The quantity and sophistication of threats targeting ADSL routers is on a steady increase. There is a reliance on end-users to ensure that their ADSL router is secure by continually updating the firmware, using strong authentication credentials, and enabling the in-built firewall. However, to do this, the end-user must be presented with well written procedural instructions, and an explanation of why this is important. This paper examines the design quality and security content provided by vendors in ADSL router manuals. This paper reveals that the lack of security related content and poor overall design could impact on end-users’ interpretation and willingness to implement security controls on their ADSL router.
Remote Sensing Enabling Technologies for Assessment of Construction Worker’s Musculoskeletal Disorder Risks: A Review and Future Extension

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a group of pai nful disorders that affect muscles, tendons, nerves, joints, cartilage, and ligaments. They are a serious problem among the workforce in the United States. In the construction industry, high physically demanding tasks expose construction workers to a number of well rec ognized MSDs risk factors such as repetitive motion, high force exertion, and awkward body postu re. Finding ways to effectively identify and evaluate risks of MSDs can significantly alleviate this problem. To this end, this paper reviews state of practice and research in the assessment of risks of MSDs among construction workers, in which a number of biomechanical models have been de veloped to evaluate joint and tissue loading with the aid of state-of-the-art remote sen sing technologies. Findings from the review reveal that despite the advances in tracking human otion and muscle activities, current remote sensing approaches still involve sophisticated inst rumentation and expensive experiment setup. These factors greatly limited the applicability of such approaches in real construction settings. How can we detect and evaluate the construction wor ker’s MSDs risk in real work environments? In this paper, strategies by utilizing video survei llance systems are presented, to set the stage for addressing the above question and discussing future research in real-time, marker-less, and costeffective MSDs risk assessment.
Starch Digestion in Broiler Chickens: A Literature Study and an In vitro Comparison with Pigs

Starch is a quantitatively important source of energy in poultry diets. Despite high loads of starch in the diet, poultry species can utilize a variety of starch sources very efficiently. Pancreatic α-amylase is the major responsible enzyme for starch digestion in birds and mammals. Considering high starch digestion capacity of broiler chickens, a hypothesis was made that a fixed certain amount of chicken pancreas is more effective at degrading starch than the same amount of pancreas from pigs. To test this hypothesis, amylase activity of the pancreatic tissues from 9 broiler chickens and 9 pigs was determined by in vitro starch digestibility analysis. The method was adapted from the total starch determination analysis with some modifications to the procedure. Homogenates of all pancreas tissues were prepared to be used as a source of α-amylase during starch digestibility analysis. Sieved wheat flour was used as a starch substrate. Results of the study showed that there is no systematic difference between the same certain amounts of pig and poultry pancreases on their ability to digest starch. However, correction of the pancreas weights for the body weights of the species revealed that on average chickens have twice larger (P<.01) pancreases than pigs relative to their body weights. Specific amylase activities (mg starch digested/min/mg protein) were also not significantly different between species. Large individual variation was observed in enzyme activities within both species. Furthermore, enzyme kinetics of the starch digestion was also analyzed and discussed. The literature on enzyme related factors of starch digestion was extensively reviewed and presented in this thesis.
Charting the parameter space of the 21-cm power spectrum

The high-redshift 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen is expected to be observed within the next decade and will reveal epochs of cosmic evolution that have been previously inaccessible. Due to the lack of observations, many of the astrophysical processes that took place at early times are poorly constrained. In recent work we explored the astrophysical parameter space and the resulting large variety of possible global (sky-averaged) 21-cm signals. Here we extend our analysis to the fluctuations in the 21-cm signal, accounting for those introduced by density and velocity, Ly$\alpha$ radiation, X-ray heating, and ionization. While the radiation sources are usually highlighted, we find that in many cases the density fluctuations play a significant role at intermediate redshifts. Using both the power spectrum and its slope, we show that properties of high-redshift sources can be extracted from the observable features of the fluctuation pattern. For instance, the peak amplitude of ionization fluctuations can be used to estimate whether heating occurred early or late and, in the early case, to also deduce the cosmic mean ionized fraction at that time. The slope of the power spectrum has a more universal redshift evolution than the power spectrum itself and can thus be used more easily as a tracer of high-redshift astrophysics. Its peaks can be used, for example, to estimate the redshift of the Ly$\alpha$ coupling transition and the redshift of the heating transition (and the mean gas temperature at that time). We also show that a tight correlation is predicted between features of the power spectrum and of the global signal, potentially yielding important consistency checks.
Valuing Ambiguity: The Case of Genetically Engineered Growth Enhancers

A split-valuation method is developed and implemented to elicit the willingness to pay to consume- or avoid consuming- a product of ambiguous quality. The split-valuation method uses experimental auction markets to separate and value the positive and negative attributes of the ambiguous good. The results show that the method can be used to successfully value a good ambiguous quality. Our application reveals that for a sample of students at a midwestern land-grant institution, the average respondent is willing to pay a premium for meat produced with the use of a genetically engineered growth enhancer that has 30% to 60% fewer calories and is 10% to 20% leaner.
Socialization to the model in adolescent cognitive behavioural therapy: measurement and insights

Abstract Socializing a client to the cognitive behavioural model is advised in almost every cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) textbook, but there is limited evidence for whether socialization is measurable or important. The aim of the study was to pilot a written and interview-based measure of socialization to investigate whether socialization to the model can be measured in a sample of young people who have completed CBT. Sixteen participants (mean age 14.9 years, 75% female) completed a semi-structured socialization interview and a novel written measure of socialization. Treating clinicians were asked to provide subjective ratings of participant socialization. The structure and content of these measures was examined. A moderate but non-significant correlation was found between the novel written measure of socialization and clinician rating of socialization (r = .37). The concept of ‘socialization’ is not well understood and the socialization interview presented mixed, unclear results. This may be due to issues with the design, but may also be that socialization, as currently understood, is more complex than can be captured in this way. The important aspect of this study is introducing the concept of measuring socialization and factors that may be important in future research. Socialization to the model is an important construct within CBT but at present is a challenging concept to measure. Future research will need to focus on operationalizing the concept further and refining measures so that it can be accurately captured. Understanding which therapist and client behaviours contribute to the process of socialization could conceivably improve outcomes, but this cannot be done until this area is understood more fully.
Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta- Lactamases in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Accra, Ghana

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are plasmid-mediated beta lactamases that are capable of hydrolysing beta-lactams except carbapenems and cephamycins. The ESBL types include SHV, TEM and CTX-M, OXA, PER and VEB-1. The most common ones isolated from clinical specimen are the CTX-M, SHV and TEM. The specific ESBL-producing organisms have different genetic characteristics which mark their identification at the molecular level. This work sought to determine the genetic characterization of ESBL-producing K . pneumoniae and E . coli in Accra. The molecular investigations of the ESBL-coding genes included extraction of 100 DNA templates of phenotypic ESBL-producing isolates by boiling method, preparation of the PCR reaction mixture using appropriate primers, standard PCR reaction in a thermocycler, agarose gel electrophoresis, bands visualization by ultraviolet trans-illumination and bands photography using a Kodak EDAS 290 gel documentation system. The results significantly (p<0.05) indicated that of the 100 ESBL producers, 90(90%) possess CTX-M genes and 25(25%) had TEM genes. None of the ESBL producers possesses SHV genes. Seventy (70%) of the ESBL producers possess only CTX-M genes and 5(5%) had only TEM genes. Twenty (20%) of the isolates had both CTX-M and TEM genes. Of the 100 ESBL phenotypes, 78(78%) and 2(2%) were positive for CTX-M-1group and CTX-M-9group ESBL genes respectively. Organisms producing CTX-M-type ESBL are more prevalent in Accra than other ESBL types. CTX-M-1group producing isolates dominated the ESBL phenotypes with CTX-M-15 likely to be the dominate CTX-M-type ESBL. There is the need for further studies into the characteristic transmission, pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance expression, and infection control of CTX-M-type ESBL and TEM-type ESBL in Accra. Keywords : Extended spectrum beta-lactamase, CTX-M genes, TEM genes, SHV genes, Molecular
Current State and Future Trends in Location Recommender Systems

Technological developments in mobile devices enabled the utilization of geographical data for social networks. Accordingly, location-based social networks have become very attractive. The popularity of location-based social networks has prompted researchers to study recommendation systems for location-based services. There are many studies that develop location recommendation systems using various variables and algorithms. However, articles detailing past and present studies, and making future suggestions, are limited. Therefore, this study aims to thoroughly review the research performed on location recommender systems. For this purpose, topic pairs; “location and recommender system” and “location and recommendation system” were searched in the Web of Knowledge database. Resulting articles were examined in detail with respect to data sources and variables, algorithms, and evaluation techniques used. Thus, the current state of location recommender systems research is summarized and future recommendations are provided for researchers and developers. It is expected that the issues presented in this paper will advance the discussion of next generation location recommendation systems.
Examining the onset of spring in Wisconsin

Vegetation phenological events, such as bud break, flowering, and leaf coloring, are closely associated with lower atmospheric conditions as seasons change. Plant phenology during springtime is particularly sensitive to climatic factors, especially temperature variations. Therefore, the occurrence of specific plant events can be used to identify the onset of spring. Advance or delay in these timings can serve as potential climate change detection measures over long periods. In this paper, changes to spring's onset in Wisconsin were examined using the first-bloom event of several introduced and native species in 1965-1998. Due to the incompleteness of these observations, satel- lite data were applied to derive 3 phenological regions across the state. Next, average first-bloom time-series were formed at this regional scale. Several multi-species indices were then created based on regional first-bloom variations. Trends toward earlier first-bloom dates over the study period, especially for early-spring species, were revealed in the southwestern and central/eastern regions of Wisconsin. Two of the most important aspects of our study are: (1) phenology is regarded as a multi- species problem that can be more easily manipulated by reducing species variations to several indices; and (2) satellite data, weather data, and phenological observations are integrated to create and validate phenological regions, a process that can be used in other areas to facilitate long-term phenological data reconstruction.
OTBTA: An Optimized Trust Based Traffic Analyzer for Wireless Sensor Networks to Detect Malicious Activities Using Genetic Algorithm

Wireless sensor network is dynamic and follows multi-hop based communication, it is essential to provide an IDS software to avoid malicious behavior and data loss. The existing software like packet sniffer can sniff all or just parts of the traffic from a single node in the network. A few methods were proposed to avoid traffic narrowing using switches to gain access to traffic from other systems on the network but it is taking more time and cost. This paper discussed an Optimized Trust Based Traffic Analyzer OOTBTA for wireless sensor networks in order to provide an efficient intrusion detection system where the optimum trusted traffic is obtained by Genetic Algorithm. OOTBTA used as optimal intrusion detection system where it focuses on the packet sniffing and its working only for best trusted nodes in the network. OOTBTA observe the working behavior, packet format, timing and mainly optimally whether the nodes are trusted nodes or not. The simulation of OOTBTA is carried out in Net
A two-dimensional isogeometric boundary element method for linear elastic fracture

The present work proposes a method for simulating linear elastic fracture and crack growth through an isogeometric boundary element method [1][2]. Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) are used to approximate the geometry, boundary displacements and boundary tractions. Collocation is employed to generate the system of equations. To avoid the degeneration seen when modelling coincident crack surfaces with conventional boundary element methods, a dual boundary element method formulation is applied [3]. An algorithm for the placement of collocation points is detailed with the treatment of all singular integrals outlined. Stress intensity factors are compared against closed-form solutions to verify implementation and a comparison of crack growth propagation paths is made with the extended finite element method. REFERENCES [1] R. N. Simpson, S. P. A. Bordas, J. Trevelyan and T. Rabczuk. A two-dimensional isogeometric boundary element method for elastostatic analysis. Comp. Meth. in App. Mech. and Engng. , Vol. 209-212(0), 87-100, 2012. [2] M. A. Scott, R. N. Simpson, J. A. Evans, S. Lipton, S. P. A. Bordas, T. J. R. Hughes and T. W. Sederberg. Isogeometric boundary element analysis using unstructured T-splines. Comp. Meth. in App. Mech. and Engng. , Vol. 254(0), 197-221, 2013. [3] A. Potela, M. H. Aliabadi and D. P. Rooke. The dual boundary element method: Effective implementation for crack problems. Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng. , Vol. 33(6), 1269-1287, 1992.
Faunistic analysis of Carabidae and Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) in five agroecosystems in northeastern São Paulo state, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a composicao de especies e a estrutura das comunidades de Carabidae e Staphylinidae, em cinco areas de fragmento florestal e cultura soja/milho ou pomar laranja, de dezembro de 2004 a maio de 2007. Os besouros foram capturados com armadilhas de solo, distribuidas em dois transectos paralelos de 200 m de comprimento, com 100 m no interior da area cultivada e 100 m no interior do fragmento florestal. A fauna foi caracterizada pelos indices de diversidade e equitabilidade de Shannon-Wiener e pelo de similaridade de Morisita. Os carabideos Abaris basistriatus Chaudoir, Calosoma granulatum Perty, Megacephala brasiliensis Kirby, Odontochila nodicornis (Dejean) e Selenophorus seriatoporus Putzeys. sao as especies dominantes com maior distribuicao geografica na regiao nordeste do Estado de Sao Paulo. A maior diversidade de especies de carabideos e estafilinideos ocorreu na transicao entre fragmento florestal e area cultivada. As comunidades de carabideos e estafilinideos de fragmento florestal tiveram maior similaridade com a comunidade do pomar de laranja do que com a de cultura soja/milho.
Service-Oriented Architecture as A Driver of Service Innovation in Newly Emerging Service Systems: An Exploratory View

Innovation in services can be regarded as an inter-play of service concepts, service delivery practices, client interfaces, and service delivery technologies. Furthermore, innovations in services are increasingly brought to the market by networks of firms, selected for their unique capabilities and operated in a coordinated manner, referred to as a service system or service value network (SVN). Bringing such service innovations to market by a network of firms requires extensive coordination and integration of data, information/knowledge and processes, while ensuring strategic alignment of partnering firms. In this research we examine how Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), and its effect on Information Technology Infrastructure Flexibility (ITIF), may act as a potential enabler for recently identified organizational drivers of services innovation in a service system, namely Collaborative Architecture Management (CAM) and Collaborative Organizational Infrastructure (COI). A preliminary qualitative study of a Telco and its partners in the Middle East validates the dynamic capabilities at play in our proposed research model.
Machine Learning-Based Occupancy Estimation Using Multivariate Sensor Nodes

In buildings, a large chunk of energy is spent on heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. One way to optimize their usage is to make them demand-driven depending on human occupancy. This paper focuses on accurately estimating the number of occupants in a room by leveraging multiple heterogeneous sensor nodes and machine learning models. For this purpose, low-cost and non-intrusive sensors such as CO2, temperature, illumination, sound and motion were used. The sensor nodes were deployed in a room in a star configuration and measurements were recorded for a period of four days. A regression based method is proposed for calculating the slope of CO2, a new feature derived from real-time CO2 values. Supervised learning algorithms such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA), quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) were used on several different combinations of feature sets. Moreover, multiple performance metrics such as accuracy, F1 score and confusion matrix were used to evaluate the performance of our models. Experimental results demonstrate a maximum accuracy of 98.4% and a high F1 score of 0.953 for estimating the number of occupants in the room. Principal component analysis (PCA) was also applied to evaluate the performance of a dataset with reduced dimensionality.
STABILITY EVALUATION OF RESVERATROL SUBMITTED TO IONIZING RADIATION

The polyphenol trans-resveratrol (trans-3, 4’,5-thihydroxystilbene) is a natural phytoalexin, reported to exert different biological activities, such as antioxidant properties. In the attempt to make possible the topic administration of resveratrol it will be immobilized in a hydrogel matrix obtained by gamma radiation crosslinking process which can cause undesirable hydrolysis reactions in the active compound. The aim of this work was to verify the aqueous/ethanol resveratrol solution stability and antioxidant activity after irradiation at 20kGy. The integrity and stability were compared with nature one by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technique. The antioxidant activity was determined by the free radical scavenging method, using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) as free radical. The results demonstrated the decomposition of resveratrol and reduction of antioxidant capacity after irradiation at 20 kGy dose.
On the interpretation of allusions and other innuendo meanings in libel actions: the value of semantic and pragmatic evidence.

Allusions and other cultural references are problematic in defamation actions. This paper presents an account of linguistic evidence concerning a contested expression, ‘economical with the truth’, whose origins as a quotation, coupled with more recent general currency, present an important interpretive challenge. Distinction between idiomatic use and more specialised allusion can be crucial in libel litigation, in that qualification is allowed to the ‘ordinary reader’ test only in respect of so-called ‘innuendo’ meanings (or meanings available only to a sub-set readership with relevant, specialised knowledge). Discussion of semantic and pragmatic evidence suggests that linguists can valuably narrow the scope of plausible interpretation. Linguistic analysis can also contribute to understanding of both the ‘ordinary reader’ and ‘innuendo’ tests of meaning. Generalising from the case under discussion, the author comments on established methods for attributing meanings (and responsibility from meaning) in English libel law, and describes emergent tendencies in the related fields of forensic linguistics and critical legal studies.