Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The cytochrome oxidase subunit I and subunit III genes in Oenothera mitochondria are transcribed from identical promoter sequences

Two loci encoding subunit III of the cytochrome oxidase (COX) in Oenothera mitochondria have been identified from a cDNA library of mitochondrial transcripts. A 657‐bp sequence block upstream from the open reading frame is also present in the two copies of the COX subunit I gene and is presumably involved in homologous sequence rearrangement. The proximal points of sequence rearrangements are located 3 bp upstream from the COX I and 1139 bp upstream from the COX III initiation codons. The 5′‐termini of both COX I and COX III mRNAs have been mapped in this common sequence confining the promoter region for the Oenothera mitochondrial COX I and COX III genes to the homologous sequence block.
The Prevalence of High-Level Methicillin Resistance in Multiply Resistant Hospital Staphylococci

This study was prompted by observing in the summer of 1975, five lethal septicemias caused by methicillin resistant staphylococci. Among the 17 initial S. aureus strains, only 36% were killed at 250 micrograms per ml of methicillin. One phage type of S. aureus predominated (85, group III). Methicillin resistance was found in 17 of 102 S. aureus and in 28 off 102 S. epidermidis septicemias; the mortality among methicillin resistant S. aureus cases was 52.9%, corresponding to 39.3% for S. epidermidis sepsis. Antibiograms revealed methicillin resistance in 59/400 S. aureus and 94/400 S. epidermidis isolates. Cross-resistance to other drugs was common. It is concluded that the emergence of methicillin and gentamicin-tobramycin resistance among hospital staphylococci represents a serious, persistent problem. Certain microbiologic characteristics of these resistant strains differ from results heretofore reported by others.
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Activity Controls Metabolic and Malignant Phenotype in Cancer Cells*

High lactate generation and low glucose oxidation, despite normal oxygen conditions, are commonly seen in cancer cells and tumors. Historically known as the Warburg effect, this altered metabolic phenotype has long been correlated with malignant progression and poor clinical outcome. However, the mechanistic relationship between altered glucose metabolism and malignancy remains poorly understood. Here we show that inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) activity contributes to the Warburg metabolic and malignant phenotype in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PDC inhibition occurs via enhanced expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (PDK-1), which results in inhibitory phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase α (PDHα) subunit. We also demonstrate that PDC inhibition in cancer cells is associated with normoxic stabilization of the malignancy-promoting transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) by glycolytic metabolites. Knockdown of PDK-1 via short hairpin RNA lowers PDHα phosphorylation, restores PDC activity, reverts the Warburg metabolic phenotype, decreases normoxic HIF-1α expression, lowers hypoxic cell survival, decreases invasiveness, and inhibits tumor growth. PDK-1 is an HIF-1-regulated gene, and these data suggest that the buildup of glycolytic metabolites, resulting from high PDK-1 expression, may in turn promote HIF-1 activation, thus sustaining a feed-forward loop for malignant progression. In addition to providing anabolic support for cancer cells, altered fuel metabolism thus supports a malignant phenotype. Correction of metabolic abnormalities offers unique opportunities for cancer treatment and may potentially synergize with other cancer therapies.
The Frequency of Scleroderma Renal Crisis over Time: A Metaanalysis

Objective. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) leads to a high mortality from internal organ involvement. Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) usually occurs in the diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) subset early in the disease, often with acute severe hypertension and renal failure. Prevalence of SRC since its classification in the early 1970s was determined in publications to assess whether the prevalence of SRC has changed over time because the proportion with the dcSSc subset is smaller in contemporary cohorts. Methods. A review of the literature was conducted up to May 2015 using the PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases. Articles were included if they mentioned the prevalence of SRC and were cohort or cross-sectional studies with 50 or more patients with SSc. Articles were excluded if they were not in English or were a case series of SRC or case-control studies. Results. Of the 5317 citations identified, 22 qualified. Years of publication were from 1983 to 2011, and cohort size varied from 68 to 8554 patients with SSc totaling 21,908 patients (9248 with dcSSc, 42%). There was no statistical reduction in the temporal prevalence of SRC noticed in the overall patients (4%), patients with dcSSc (7%–9%), or patients with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc; 0.5%–0.6%) based on either the start date of the cohort or publication date. Conclusion. It appears that SRC remains uncommon in lcSSc and the rate in the dcSSc group may be stable over time. However, increasing awareness of SRC could lead to higher rates in more recent years and/or better survival from SRC, but this was not observed.
THE APPLICATION OF SOVEREIGN BOND SPREADS: THE CASE OF SELECTED EU COUNTRIES AND THE USA

The yield curve – specifically the spread between long term and short term interest rates is a valuable forecasting tool. It is simple to u se and significantly outperform other financial and macroeconomic indicators in predicting recessions two to six quarters ahead. The steepness of the yield curve should be an excellent indicator of a possible future economic activity. A rise in the short rate tends to flatten the yield curve as well as to slow down real growth the near term. This paper aims to analyze the dependence between slope of the yield cu rve and an economic activity of selected EU countries and the USA between the years 2000 and 2014. The slope of the yield curve can be measured as the yield spread between sovereign 10 - year bonds and sovereign 3 - month bonds. The natural and probably the most popular measu re of economic growth is GDP growth, taken quarterly. The results showed that the best predictive lag s are lag o f four and five quarters. The results presented also confirm that 10 - year and 3 - month yield spread has significant predictive power to real GDP growth after financial crisis. These findings can be beneficial for investors and provide further evidence of th e potential usefulness of the yield curve spreads as indicators of the future economic activity.
X-Linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein gene-based neuroprotection for the peripheral nervous system.

OBJECTIVE The recently discovered X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is among the most potent inhibitors of programmed cell death. In the current experiment, we examine the potential of adenoviral XIAP gene delivery to protect neurons of the peripheral nervous system using in vitro models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and diabetic neuropathy. METHODS XIAP complementary deoxyribonucleic acid was fused in frame with the green fluorescent protein sequence and cloned into a first generation adenoviral vector. The impact of XIAP gene expression on glutamate-induced apoptosis was measured in the neuronal SH-SY5Y cell line with immunohistochemistry for active caspase-3 and with cell density assays. Next, the effect of XIAP expressing neurons on the survival of uninfected neighboring neurons was measured. Finally, the impact of XIAP gene expression on glutamate-induced apoptosis was assessed in embryonic motor neuron and dorsal root ganglion cultures. RESULTS XIAP gene expression reduced the percentage of active caspase-3 positive SH-SY5Y neurons and preserved cell density after glutamate exposure. In heterogeneously infected cultures, cells infected with XIAP were protected, but uninfected neighboring cells were not. In primary E15 models, inhibition of proapoptotic effects was demonstrated after glutamate insult in motor neurons and glucose insult in dorsal root ganglion cells. CONCLUSION XIAP gene delivery through the neurosurgical delivery of viral vectors may provide a means for neuroprotection in ALS and diabetic neuropathy.
The effect of a silk Fibroin/Polyurethane blend patch on rat Vessels

ABSTRACT Patch grafts are widely used in various kind of vascular surgeries such as detect repair or dilation of vascular stenosis. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) patches are flexible and handle well, but have shown problems with calcification as they are non-bioabsorbable and therefore permanently remain in the body. It is important to develop an alternative biocompatible patch. Silk fibroin (SF) was developed as a biocompatible material, but it lacks of the elasticity required for surgery as a patch. Polyurethane (PU) is also a well-known elastomer so this study focused on the SF and the PU blend materials with a weight ratio of 5:5 (SF/PU). To evaluate the SF/PU patch, the patches were implanted into the abdominal aortas of rats, using the ePTFE patch in the control group. Because it was more flexible the SF/PU patch was easier to implant than the ePTFE patch. At 1 week after implantation, the SF/PU patch had been infiltrated with cells and collagen fiber. The ePTFE control patch did not accumulate collagen fiber until 3 months and calcification occurred at 4 weeks. The SF/PU patch did not present any signs of calcification for 3 months. This study addressed the problems associated with using SF in isolation and showed that the SF/PU patch can be considered as a useful alternative to the ePTFE to overcome the problem of calcification.
Narrowband Substrate Integrated Waveguide Isolators

In this letter, two types of X-band ferrite-loaded isolators are proposed based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. First, a full-height E-plane ferrite slab is used to construct low-loss and high-isolation SIW isolators. The insertion loss is less than 2.2 dB and the isolation coefficient is larger than 30 dB within 400 MHz bandwidth. Then, a surface ferrite-loaded isolator is developed to simplify machining process. The ferrite slabs are mounted on the top and bottom surfaces of the SIW, but not inserted into rectangular holes within the SIW. The insertion loss is less than 3.2 dB ranging from 9.79 to 10.4 GHz. Both the return loss and isolation coefficient are better than 20 dB over the same frequency range.
It’s a wrap: encapsulation as a management tool for marine biofouling

Abstract Encapsulation of fouled structures is an effective tool for countering incursions by non-indigenous biofoulers. However, guidelines for the implementation of encapsulation treatments are yet to be established. This study evaluated the effects of temperature, biomass, community composition, treatment duration and the biocide acetic acid on biofoulers. In laboratory trials using the model organisms Ciona spp. and Mytilus galloprovincialis, increasing the temperature or biomass speeded up the development of a toxic environment. Total mortality for Ciona spp. occurred within 72 and 24 h at 10 and 19°C, respectively. M. galloprovincialis survived up to 18 days, with high biomass increasing mortality at 10°C only. In a field study, three-month-old and four-year-old communities were encapsulated with and without acetic acid. Mortality took up to 10 days for communities encapsulated without acetic acid, compared to 48 h with acetic acid. The insights gained from this study will be useful in developing standardised encapsulation protocols.
Causality in Europeanization Research: A Discursive Institutional Analytical Strategy

Discourse analysis as a methodology is perhaps not readily associated with substantive causality claims. At the same time the study of discourses is very much the study of conceptions of causal relations among a set, or sets, of agents. Within Europeanization research we have seen endeavours to develop discursive institutional analytical frameworks and something that comes close to the formulation of hypothesis on the effects of European Union (EU) policies and institutions on domestic change. Even if these efforts so far do not necessarily amount to substantive theories or claims of causality, it suggests that discourse analysis and the study of causality are by no means opposites. The study of Europeanization discourses may even be seen as an essential step in the move towards claims of causality in Europeanization research. This paper deals with the question of how we may move from the study of discursive causalities towards more substantive claims of causality between EU policy and institutional initiatives and domestic change.
Simulation of self-biased coplanar circulator using barium ferrite thin films

A kind of self-biased coplanar circulator structures is proposed. Design and simulation were performed by high frequency electromagnetic field simulation software based on finite element methods. An isolation of 24 dB and insertion loss of 1.57 dB have been reached by properly optimizing the structure. Our results show that it is possible to produce thin film circulators with magnetic thin films.
Computing optimal single item auctions by local search

This paper does research for a local search heuristic approach to compute a revenue maximizing single item auction, called an optimal auction. We try to find the maximal expected revenue of the auctioneer by maximizing the expected payments of the bidders. We show that this problem can be reduced to finding an optimal order of the possible types of the bidders. We use that insight to propose a simple local search algorithm for computing an optimal auction.
Toward closed‐system culture of blood origin endothelial cells

BACKGROUND: Blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) are thought to arise from very rare progenitors that are present in the mononuclear fraction of marrow or peripheral blood. Recently, BOECs have been expanded from progenitors present in buffy coat into confluent monolayers on fibronectin‐ or collagen‐coated polystyrene surfaces. A method for sterile closed‐system culture of these cells has not been described, however. Here, efforts are described toward developing closed‐system culture of BOECs derived from progenitors present in a mononuclear apheresis unit by use of a cord blood filter, a sterile connection device, and a fibronectin‐coated polycarbonate cassette.
“Leadership Means Moving A Community Forward”: Asian American Community College Students And Critical Leadership Praxis

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv TABLE OF FIGURES . xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION . 1 Statement of the Problem . 1 Background and Need for the Study . 2 Lack of research on Asian American students . 3 Need for leadership development within critical frameworks . 5 Theoretical Frameworks . 6 Starting points and counter-narratives . 7 Asian Americans and leadership . 7 Asian Americans and education . 8 Leadership development for Asian American leaders . 8 Becoming culturally competent leaders . 9 Critical Race Theory . 9 Critical Pedagogy . 11 Critical Leadership Praxis . 13 Cultural humility . 15 Purpose Statement . 18 Research Questions . 18 Educational Significance . 20 Limitations . 20 Definition of Terms . 21 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE . 25 Asian Americans Students and Education . 25 Challenging stereotypes of Asian Americans in education . 25 Asian American college students . 33 Critical Leadership Praxis and Asian American Students . 35 Perceptions of Asian Americans and leadership . 35 Critical leadership praxis . 38 Case studies: Asian American leadership development . 39 Centering “Asian culture and values” . 39 Centering race and power in Asian American leadership . 42 Cultural Humility and Critical Leadership . 45 Cultural humility in the classroom . 47 Towards a praxis of culturally humble leadership . 50 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY . 52 Restatement of the Purpose of the Study . 52 Research Questions . 54
Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis: How Much is Enough?

Twenty-eight patients treated with thrombolytic therapy for acute deep venous thrombosis were monitored prospectively with non-invasive testing every 12–24 h during treatment to evaluate thrombus response and whether duration of therapy was appropriate. Some 75% (21 of 28) of patients demonstrated improvement with lytic therapy with 36% (10 of 28) demonstrating complete lysis; 95% of responders (20 of 21) initiated lysis within 24 h. Some 33% (7 of 21) of all responders and 64% (7 of 11) of those having partial lysis had treatment terminated during thombus resolution but before maximal lysis. Non-invasive testing indicated that thrombolytic therapy for acute deep venous thrombosis is frequently terminated before maximal lysis of the thrombus. Monitoring thrombus response with venous duplex imaging should be part of the treatment strategy of deep venous thrombosis if thrombolytic therapy is used. This approach should increase efficacy and potentially reduce complications of thrombolytic therapy for acute deep venous thrombosis.
The experience of employment strain and activation among temporary agency workers in Canada

ABSTRACT This article integrates the employment strain model with the social stress model in order to reveal the mechanisms that explain the relation between precarious employment and mental well-being. This model is applied to the case of temporary agency employment by analysing 41 in-depth interviews with temporary agency workers from Canada. The results show how temporary agency workers perceive employment-related uncertainties and efforts mainly as negative and to a lesser extent as positive experiences, respectively evoking strain or activation. Further, it is revealed how uncertainties and efforts mutually reinforce each other, which increases strain, and how support can serve as a buffer.
Filling the gap in the European administrative space: the role of administrative networks in EU implementation and enforcement

ABSTRACT European administrative networks (EANs) are a key building block of the European Administrative Space (EAS). Crucially, they are to fill the gap between the EU’s policy ambitions and its limited administrative capacities. Whereas ample research has been done on policy preparation networks, the role of implementing EANs has received less attention in the EAS literature. This article fills this gap by providing a systematic review of relevant insights in four adjacent literatures: EU governance; international relations; public administration; and EU compliance. Employing a systematic literature review, it reports divergent findings on EAN establishment, functioning and impact, as well as variant normative evaluations. These variant findings partly relate to a lack of comparative research, selective policy coverage and predominant focus on North-western states. We conclude by suggesting a number of lines for future research on these four important themes, arguing that the crucial question will be which impact these EANs have on the national implementation and enforcement of EU law.
Short‐term phytohaemagglutinin‐activated mononuclear cells induce endothelial progenitor cells from cord blood CD34+ cells

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were recently demonstrated to exist in human cord blood. Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), a potent mitogen for mononuclear cells was used to induce EPCs from unsorted cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs). Adherent cells in clusters appeared approximately 24 h after CBMCs were cultured in plain Roswell Park Memorial Institute media containing 10% fetal bovine serum (culture media) and PHA. Adherent cells were further propagated for 1 week in plain culture media. Flow cytometry and Di‐I staining analyses showed that CD45−, CD34+, Flk‐1+, CD31+ or VE‐cadherin+ EPCs were induced and that they were mainly from the CD34+ cell compartment. When enriched CD34+ cells alone were stimulated with culture supernatant of the PHA‐activated CBMCs, they neither proliferated readily nor induced EPCs. Because EPCs first appeared within the clustering cells that expressed high levels of fibronectin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), our data suggest that both cell–cell/cell–matrix interaction and the local VEGF action are important in the induction of EPCs. Thus, we demonstrate for the first time that EPCs are induced from human cord blood stem cell populations that interact with neighbouring PHA‐activated CBMCs. This finding may have a significant implication in inflammatory cell‐mediated vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in vivo.
Computers and Mathematics with Applications

The helical flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid with fractional derivatives, also named generalized Oldroyd-B fluid, in an infinite circular cylinder is studied using Hankel and Laplace transforms. The motion is due to the cylinder that, at time t = 0 + begins to rotate around itsaxiswithanangularvelocity Ω t ,andtoslidealongthesameaxiswithlinearvelocity Vt . The components of the velocity field and the resulting shear stresses are presented under integral and series form in terms of the generalized G and R functions. The solutions that have been obtained satisfy all imposed initial and boundary conditions, and are presented as sums of two terms, one of them being a similar solution for a Newtonian fluid. Similar solutions for generalized Maxwell fluids, as well as those for ordinary Oldroyd-B and Maxwell fluids are obtained as limiting cases of our general solutions. Furthermore, the solutions for Newtonian fluids performing the same motion, are also obtained as special cases of our solutions for α = β = 1 and λ r → λ .
A digital implementation for PWM phase-frequency synchronization in SMPS systems

This paper describes a novel concept of PWM phase and frequency synchronization. This approach applies for digitally controlled switched mode power supplies (SMPS) which need to regulate the switching frequency externally. One of the well-known advantages of having a system with a controllable switching behavior is the mitigation of the Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), which leads to the system cost reduction as a smaller input filter is required. The proposed solution overcomes analog and digital state of the art drawbacks such as limitation of the synchronization frequency range, susceptibility to noise and glitches, undesired overshoots/undershoots on the output voltage and the tuning of the IC digital clock which leads to an over-constrained design. In order to confirm the synchronization performance the proposed solution is implemented as part of an SMPS controller integrated in a 130nm BCD (Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS) technology. The output voltage over/under-shoot caused by an abrupt frequency synchronization change has been analyzed and measured. The frequency and phase settling time have been characterized with respect to various configurations. The robustness against synchronization frequency and phase noise has been measured for different noise levels.