Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of different stages of hepatitis B infection with enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay

Despite the existence of hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still prevalent worldwide and accounts for significant morbidity and mortality. In chronic infection with hepatitis virus B the fact that HBeAg becomes negative does not always means suppression of viral replication. It is encouraging that majority of patients do recover from the acute infection, however, those that progress to chronic disease state is at great risk of developing complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis and liver failure. The selection of patients was those who had elevated levels of liver enzyme SGPT (ALT), The HB s Ag and anti HCV n = 1890 by ELISA were performed to identify the positive cases with HB s Ag. Furthermore, in this study we performed HB e Ag by ELISA for identifying the infectious and the carrier state. The PCR was performed for the confirmation of infectious status, carrier state and the late sero conversation state. HB s Ag were n = 1890; out of which n = 1242 are negative cases and 648 were positive cases. On further analysis of hepatitis B virus variant were carried out and HB e Ag, HB e Ab, HB c Core Ig M, and anti-HB c Core was also performed on n = 648 cases to put patients in different status of infection. During this study we also identified the chronic carrier status with No sero conversion and later sero conversion state. It is encouraging that we easily identify different stages of hepatitis B by Serological markers, DNA extraction, determination of HBV – DNA by PCR. Present study helps in understanding the nature of HBV infection and delivering better care for patients, it was very important to screen the different stages of the infection.
Tunnel oxide passivating electron contacts for high‐efficiency n‐type silicon solar cells with amorphous silicon passivating hole contacts

This study proposes a hybrid solar cell structure for a highly efficient silicon solar cell obtained by combining two passivating contact structures, namely, a heterojunction and polysilicon passivating contact. Given that the major cause of the loss in efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells is carrier recombination at the metal‐semiconductor junction, a passivating contact having high‐quality passivation and a low contact resistance was introduced. In this study, two major passivating contact solar cells were combined. By applying an intrinsic thin amorphous silicon layer at the front and a tunneling oxide at the rear, a hybrid silicon solar cell with an efficiency of 21.8% was fabricated. Moreover, to evaluate the potential efficiency limit and to suggest methods for improving the cell performance of the proposed amorphous silicon emitter tunnel oxide back contact structure, the cell efficiency was simulated, and the result indicated that an efficiency of 26% could be achieved by controlling the thickness and resistivity of the wafer.
Prevalent Supervisory Styles in Primary Schools in a Remote Rural District in Zimbabwe: Strategies for Reconciling them with Teacher Preferred Supervisory Styles

Abstract This study set out to identify supervisory styles prevalent in Bulilima district in Zimbabwe, solicit teachers’ views on the supervisory styles and find ways of reconciling teacher-supervisor differences. The sample comprised twenty primary school teachers and ten School Heads. The research used the descriptive survey design and a semi structured questionnaire with both closed questions, where they chose from a set of predetermined responses and open ended questions for data collection. Quantitative data was presented in tables and frequencies and analysed while for qualitative data emerging themes were identified through content analysis. The study showed that supervision offered lacked relevance to instructional improvement. Teachers also felt that supervision offered lacked meaningful feedback. The study recommends that School Heads should offer practical assistance to teachers in the form of demonstration lessons. Teachers need to be involved in the supervisory process.
Heterogeneous Functionalization of Polyethersulfone: A New Approach for pH-Responsive Microfiltration Membranes with Enhanced Antifouling Properties

In this work, 2,2’-azo-bis-butyronitrile (AIBN) was exploited as an initiator for the successful bulk heterogeneous functionalization of polyethersulfone (PES) using polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), for the first time. To this end, pH-responsive and exceptionally low fouling membranes of extremely low grafting degrees with low adhesion and high rejection of protein were fabricated. An added advantage of this method is the accomplishment of graft polymerization of methacrylic acid (MAA) in water in the absence of toxic solvents, scavengers or catalysts. Changes to surface functional groups of the PES powder were determined using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and thereafter validated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The phase inversion technique was used to fabricate microfiltration membranes (MFs), which were found to possess up to 40% improved hydrophilicity relative to pristine PES membranes. Protein adsorption was reduced by more than 80% while its rejection and the pure water permeate flux recovery ratio (FR) were 97%, and 86%, respectively. Furthermore, the membrane maintained 90% FR over 10 cycles. The newly fabricated membranes possess enhanced response to pH stimulus.
POURQUOI ET COMMENT FAIRE MESURER CORRECTEMENT LA PRESSION ARTÉRIELLE PAR LE PATIENT

L'automesure de la pression arterielle est un acte medical. Sa prescription et l'interpretation de ses donnees sont a realiser par le medecin. Ce pre-requis etant dit, cette technique, complementaire de la mesure au cabinet de consultation et de celle ambulatoire de la pression arterielle, apporte, chez les sujets selectionnes, des informations pour la confirmation d'un diagnostic d'hypertension arterielle et pour l'appreciation de la qualite de son traitement. Elle permet de responsabiliser le patient dans sa prise en charge d'un probleme souvent asymptomatique jusqu'a sa revelation lors d'une complication. La pression arterielle normale est, en automesure, inferieure a 135/85 mmHg, voire plus basse chez le patient a haut risque cardiovasculaire. Cette technique, frequemment utilisee de nos jours par le patient, merite qu'une education correcte de ce dernier soit faite apres lui avoir conseille d'acheter un appareil valide.
Case Report : Human Pentastomiasis Caused by Armillifer moniliformis in

We report a case of visceral pentastomiasis caused by Armillifer moniliformis in a 70-year-old aboriginal farmer from rural Malaysian Borneo. The patient complained of upper abdominal pain, jaundice, and loss of weight. Radiological investigations and subsequent histopathological examination revealed an adenocarcinoma of the pancreas with an adjacent liver nodule containing a nymph of A. moniliformis . This report constitutes the first documented human pentastomid infection in the whole of Malaysia after nearly 40 years, and it is the third description from Malaysian Borneo. Cases of human and animal pentastomiasis in Malaysia are discussed.
The Association of Blood Pressure Levels with Peritoneal Insulin Absorption in Diabetic Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

Intraperitoneal insulin administration is very important for diabetic patients to control blood glucose level and to prevent development of peripheral hyperinsulinemia, which increases the risk of atherosclero- sis. Factors affecting intraperitoneal insulin absorption are unclear, and our aim was to study some of the param- eters which theoretically can play a role in insulin absorption. One of these parameters is blood pressure, which in itself is associated with the peritoneal transport status. In the results, we give the correlation between insulin absorption and blood pressure; numbers of blood pressure above normal contribute to insulin absorption (p=0.045). This fact is very important in the treatment of diabetic patients, to ensure good control of blood glucose level. © 2007 Bull. Georg. Natl. Acad. Sci.
Phase Ib dose-escalation study of Pexa-Vec (pexastimogene devacirepvec; JX-594), an oncolytic and immunotherapeutic vaccinia virus, administered by intravenous (IV) infusions in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC).

3608^ Background: Pexa-Vec is an EGFR-targeted vaccinia virus engineered to express granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), thereby stimulating direct oncolysis, tumor vascular disruption and anti-tumor immunity (Nat Rev Cancer 2009). Dose-dependent IV Pexa-Vec delivery was defined previously (Nature2011). This study was designed to assess the safety, maximal tolerated dose and anti-tumor activity of Pexa-Vec administered IV in patients with mCRC after failure of standard therapies. Methods: Nine patients were treated at 1 of 3 dose levels (106, 107 or 3x107pfu/kg IV every 2 weeks x 4) in a standard 3+3 dose-escalation design; 6 additional patients were enrolled at the MFD. Anti-tumor activity according to RECIST was determined using serial CT scans. Pharmacokinetic studies were also performed. Data summarized prior to database lock. Results: 15 patients with mCRC refractory to irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and 5-FU were treated (median lines of therapy 5; range 2-7); 13 of 15 received prior.
Brief Communication Does albuminuria predict renal risk and/or cardiovascular risk in obese type 2 diabetic patients?

Increased urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is a marker of renal and cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes (DT2). What about the obese patient with DT2? Does albuminuria predict the progression of renal disease and/or cardiovascular disease? The objective of this study is to determine the link between albuminuria, renal risk and cardiovascular risk in a cohort of obese DT2 patients. This is a prospective study begun in September 2006. It included DT2 patients presenting obesity defined by a body mass index (BMI)>30 Kg/m 2 . Three groups of patients were defined: normo-albuminuria (Urinary Albumin Excretion UAE 300 mg/day or ACR>300 mg/g). Data on 144 obese DT2 patients were compiled: The mean age of our patients was 59 ± 9 years and the sex ratio 0.26. The incidence of ESRD was higher in the macro-albuminuria group than in the two other groups (26.5% vs. 1.2%, p<0.001). The incidence of cardiovascular events was 15.4%, 14.3% and 23.5% in the normo, micro and macro-albuminuria groups (p=0.48). A history of cardiovascular comorbidities was the main cardiovascular risk in multivariate analysis (0R=15.07; 95% CI=5.30-42.82; p<0.001) and the low admission GFR (0R=5.67; 95% CI=1.23-9.77; p=0.008) was the main factor for progression of kidney disease in multivariate ana- lysis. Albuminuria may be a better marker of kidney disease progression than of cardiovascular risk in the obese DT2 patient, according to our results. However, to accurately demonstrate the link albuminuria - renal risk and albuminuria - cardiovascular risk in the obese DT2 patient, additional studies using very strict criteria of selection and judgment are needed.
Targeted Therapies in Endometrial Cancer

Özet Endometriyum kanseri gelişmiş ülkelerde en sık görülen genital kanserdir. Genellikle erken evrede tanı alır ve iyi prognozludur. İleri evre hastalıkların ve nükslerin yönetimi ise güçtür. Endometriyum karsinogenezinde de diğer kanserlerdeki gibi bazı sık görülen genetik değişiklikler mevcuttur. Her bir birey için en uygun tedavinin seçilmesi anlamına gelen kişiselleştirilmiş tıp son yıllarda hastaların klinik bakımında dikkat çekmektedir. Targeted terapiler kişiselleştirilmiş tıpın bir parçası olarak gelişmiştir ve spesifik olarak tek bir hedefe ya da biyolojik yolağa etki ederler. Endometriyum kanserinde, targeted terapilerin hedefi olabilecek PTEN tümor supresör geni, DNA mismatch onarım genleri, PI3K/AKT/mTOR yolağı ve p53 onkogeni gibi bir çok gende moleküler değişiklikler mevcuttur. Son yıllarda targeted terapiler over kanseri hastalarında klinik uygulamalar kazanmaktadır. Yakın gelecekte yeni ilaçların geliştirilmesi ile bu ilaçlar endometriyum kanserinde de primer hastalık ve nükslerin rutin klinik uygulamarında kullanılmak üzere marketlerde yerini alacaktır.
Metsulfuron-methyl residues in soil and wheat under North-Western midhill conditions of Himalaya

In India, wheat is the second major food crop next to rice in terms of its production and consumption. This crop is heavily infested with weeds and on an average reduced grain yield by 66% (Kumar et al. 2011). Nowadays, herbicides are commonly used in Indian agriculture so as to reduce yield loss and maintain the quality of crop produce. Sulfonylureas, a family of broad action spectrum herbicide is widely used in many parts of the world to control weeds (Zanardini et al. 2002). Among the sulfonylureaa, metsulfuron-methyl (Methyl-2-(4-methoxy-6-methyl1,3,5-triazin-2-yl carbamoyl sulfamoyl) benzoate) is used to control broad-leaf weeds in various plantation crops including the wheat due to its selective herbicidal activity (Singh and Singh 2002). It is biologically active at low application rates (2-100 g/ha). It acts as an inhibitor of acetolactate synthase (ALS), which retards the cell division in shoots and roots of the plant. ALS is the first enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids valine, leucine and isoleucine in both plants and micro-organisms. Metsulfuron-methyl is rapidly taken up by the plants through roots and foliage, which alters the plant metabolism. Metsulfuron-methyl is weak acid with pKa from 3 to 5 and in soils exists mainly in the ionized (anionic) form, repelled by negative charge of soil surfaces and exhibit low sorption to soils (Joshi et al. 1985). Metsulfuron-methyl is degraded both by chemical hydrolysis and soil micro-organisms. Herbicide-soil interaction depends on the chemical structure of the herbicide and the properties of soil. The degradation of herbicide is affected by several soil and environmental factors like pH, temperature, organic matter, soil moisture, microbial activity etc. The degradation rates of sulfonylureas are negatively correlated with soil pH. The chemical will degrade faster under acidic conditions, and in soils with higher moisture content at higher temperature. The chemical has higher mobility potential in alkaline soils than in acidic soils, as it is more soluble under alkaline conditions.
Depression Risk and Cancer in Ecuador: The Protective Role of Social Support

Introduction: Depression is a determinant of quality of life for cancer patients and predicts cancer progression and mortality. Our study assessed depression and distress among cancer patients receiving care at the hospital Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cancer (SOLCA) in Quito, Ecuador and evaluated the role of interpersonal support in protecting against depression. Awareness of the specific benefit of interpersonal support for cancer patients at risk for depression is critical for the ongoing care provided by PCPs to the patient and family in community. Methods: Computer tablets were used to collect demographic information and to administer three questionnaires: the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess severity of depression symptoms, the Distress Thermometer to characterize level and nature of distress, and the Experiences in Close Relationships assessment (ECR) to measure social support from one’s partner. Results: A high level of depression was reported by 29.1% of patients (N=300). Those with high levels of depression reported significantly more distress. Those demonstrating high levels of depression also reported significantly less support from their partners. The demographic factors found to be related to increased risk of depression were unemployment and lack of higher education; young age was related to increased distress. Conclusions: Depression is common in the cancer patient population and strong support from one’s partner is a protective factor. The importance of strengthening support from a patient’s partner is emphasized at all levels of care, especially the community based PCP engaged with the patient and family longterm.
Cauliflower‐like polypyrrole@MnO
 2
 modified carbon cloth as a capacitive anode for high‐performance microbial fuel cells

BACKGROUND: The morphology and size of MnO₂ that deposited on a carbon clothelectrode have dramatic effects on the electrochemical properties and cycling life. Currently, MnO₂ and its composite structures with zero‐dimensional (0D) nanospheres, one‐dimension (1D) nanotubes and two‐dimension (2D) nanomesh have been successfully synthesized and employed in MFC. Hence, the development of a three‐dimensional (3D) flexible, cost‐effective and high‐performance anode is of great significance for microbial energy harvesting. RESULT: Herein, we have fabricated 3D cauliflower‐like polypyrrole@manganese dioxide (PPy@MnO₂) composites, which are successfully grown on carbon cloth (CC) anode by electrodeposition to promote the power production and storage in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Impressively, the as‐prepared PPy@MnO₂ modified CC anode delivers a power density of 2139.7 ± 17.5 mW m⁻² and produces an areal capacitance of 1120 ± 12.8 mF cm⁻², which is 3.58 and 4.84 folds higher than that with bare CC anode, benefiting from the unique cauliflower‐like 3D architecture with increased active centers that host the bacteria for more efficient charge transfer. Electrochemical analyses indicate that the PPy@MnO₂ modified CC electrode has excellent electrochemical activity, capacitive behavior and long‐term cyclabilities with smooth surface morphology and high porosity. CONCLUSION: These findings not only provide a facile electrodeposition strategy for PPy@MnO₂ nanoflowers modified CC anode, but also demonstrates its potential for the production and storage of energy simultaneously in MFC application. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The stability of probiotics added to the food

Probiotics have been used to improve the health of humans and animals on various aspects. Their benefi ts include improving the intestinal microflora balance, enhanc ing immune system, preventing cancer, treatment of diarrhea, allergic diseases, antagonistic activity against pa thogens. Some of them have clinical trials such as Irritable bowel syndrome and cholesterol. Food products with probio tics are increasing recently with the recognition o f its profits. The viability of probiotics is an important charact er in these products. This article is mainly about the factors need to been considered when research and develop food w ith probiotics such as strain selection, add lever, the effect of food ingredient and environment factors, especially their stability during storage time.
CALGB 30103: A randomized phase II study of carboplatin and etoposide (CE) with or without G3139 in patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC)

7168 Background: Bcl-2, an inhibitor of apoptosis associated with chemotherapeutic resistance, is expressed in up to 90% of SCLC. The antisense oligonucleotide G3139 can suppress Bcl-2 levels and increases chemotherapeutic efficacy in preclinical models. A prior phase I clinical trial defined a regimen combining G3139 with CE in patients with ES-SCLC with acceptable toxicity. Methods: This was a two-arm phase II study using 3:1 randomization to CE with (arm A) or without (arm B) G3139 in adults with previously untreated ES-SCLC and ECOG performance status 0–2. Objectives included assessment of % of subjects alive after 12 months, response rate, and toxicity in arm A, as well as comparison of toxicity between arms. Results: Accrual from 7/03 to 10/04 was 63 patients with 47 in arm A and 16 in arm B. Four patients in arm A canceled registration before treatment and are excluded from analysis. Study arms were well balanced for age, gender, race, ethnicity, and performance status. Of 18 patients on arm A curr.
Metody regulacji pH zacieru słodowego i ich wpływ na jakość oraz przebieg wytwarzania brzeczki piwnej

Słowa kluczowe: pH, brzeczka, zacier, zakwaszanie, brzeczka kwaśna. W dzisiejszych czasach naturalność podczas produkcji napojów stanowi jeden z najbardziej popularnych trendów obserwowanych na rynku żywności. Konsumenci oczekują, że piwowarzy/technolodzy swoją pracą, bez stosowania sztucznych dodatków, zagwarantują wysoką jakość gotowego produktu. Chęć wytwarzania piwa wysokiej jakości, z możliwie ograniczoną ilością trudności technologicznych, wymusza na piwowarach bliższe przyjrzenie się zachodzącym procesom biochemicznym, m.in. podczas zacierania. W związku z powyższym, chcąc usprawnić proces oraz poprawić jego wydajność, zasadnym wydaje się stosowanie metod korygujących pH środowiska w kierunku optimum działania istotnych enzymów. Wspomnianą regulację pH można uzyskać na drodze dodatków kwasów mineralnych, organicznych lub też zgodnie z prawem czystości (niem. Reinheitsgebot) poprzez stosowanie naturalnej brzeczki zakwaszonej bakteriami kwasu mlekowego (ang. sour wort). Uzasadnieniem podjętego tematu jest niewielka ilość kompleksowych porównań różnych sposobów regulacji pH zacieru słodowego w związku z pojawiającymi się na rynku nowymi produktami jakimi są brzeczki kwaśne. Przedstawiony temat badań jest istotny w dzisiejszych czasach, ze względu na ciągle rosnące zainteresowanie przemysłem browarniczym oraz powstawanie nowych browarów deklarujących naturalność swoich produktów. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań (czas scukrzania, ekstrakt, pH, barwa, mętność) brzeczek otrzymanych z dodatkiem różnych środków obniżających pH w porównaniu z próbą kontrolną (brzeczka wyprodukowana ze słodu jęczmiennego i wody bez dodatku czynnika zakwaszającego).
Evidence review of the food contents on carbohydrate and fats shelves of the food pyramid

The HRB has just completed a review of the fat and carbohydrate content of the Department of Health’s (DOH) food pyramid. The ultimate aim of this review was to provide up-to-date international evidence regarding the composition of the food pyramid, focusing in particular on simple and complex carbohydrates, and fats and oils.
Complicaciones intraoperatorias y posquirúrgicas tempranas en cirugía lumbo-laparoscópica urológica

Se realizo un estudio descriptivo de 103 pacientes que recibieron cirugia lumbo-laparoscopica en el Servicio de Urologia del Hospital General Docente “Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso” de Santiago de Cuba, durante el periodo de enero de 2011 a diciembre de 2014, con vistas a describir las complicaciones intraoperatorias y posquirurgicas tempranas segun algunas variables seleccionadas. Entre los principales hallazgos de la serie se obtuvo que 73 operaciones fueron realizadas por via de acceso transperitoneal y 30 por via retroperitoneal, la mayoria de los pacientes correspondian al sexo masculino y en el total de intervenciones se notificaron 15 complicaciones, con mayor frecuencia del hidrocele reaccional y el drenaje prolongado, que fueron clasificadas en el grado I segun el sistema de Clavien-Dindo. Pudo concluirse que la aparicion de complicaciones guardo relacion directa con la complejidad de los procedimientos efectuados y el acceso quirurgico retroperitoneal; no obstante ello, la cirugia lumbo-laparoscopica urologica constituye una tecnica segura para el tratamiento de estos pacientes.