Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
mCSF1, a nucleus-encoded CRM protein required for the processing of many mitochondrial introns, is involved in the biogenesis of respiratory complexes I and IV in Arabidopsis.

The coding regions of many mitochondrial genes in plants are interrupted by intervening sequences that are classified as group II introns. Their splicing is essential for the expression of the genes they interrupt and hence for respiratory function, and is facilitated by various protein cofactors. Despite the importance of these cofactors, only a few of them have been characterized. CRS1-YhbY domain (CRM) is a recently recognized RNA-binding domain that is present in several characterized splicing factors in plant chloroplasts. The Arabidopsis genome encodes 16 CRM proteins, but these are largely uncharacterized. Here, we analyzed the intracellular location of one of these hypothetical proteins in Arabidopsis, mitochondrial CAF-like splicing factor 1 (mCSF1; At4 g31010), and analyzed the growth phenotypes and organellar activities associated with mcsf1 mutants in plants. Our data indicated that mCSF1 resides within mitochondria and its functions are essential during embryogenesis. Mutant plants with reduced mCSF1 displayed inhibited germination and retarded growth phenotypes that were tightly associated with reduced complex I and IV activities. Analogously to the functions of plastid-localized CRM proteins, analysis of the RNA profiles in wildtype and mcsf1 plants showed that mCSF1 acts in the splicing of many of the group II intron RNAs in Arabidopsis mitochondria.
Involvement of ethylene and nitric oxide in cell death in mastoparan‐treated unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

This work demonstrates a contribution of ethylene and NO (nitric oxide) in MP (mastoparan)‐induced cell death in the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Following MP treatment, C. reinhardtii showed massive cell death, expressing morphological features of PCD (programmed cell death). A pharmacological approach involving combined treatments with MP and ethylene‐ and NO‐interacting compounds indicated the requirement of trace amounts of both ethylene and NO in MP‐induced cell death. By employing a carbon dioxide laser‐based photoacoustic detector to measure ethylene and a QCL (quantum cascade laser)‐based spectrometer for NO detection, simultaneous increases in the production of both ethylene and NO were observed following MP application. Our results show a tight regulation of the levels of both signalling molecules in which ethylene stimulates NO production and NO stimulates ethylene production. This suggests that, in conjunction with the elicitor, NO and ethylene cooperate and act synchronously in the mediation of MP‐induced PCD in C. reinhardtii. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the functional significance of ethylene and NO in MP‐induced cell death.
Influence of supplemental canola or soybean oil on milk yield, fatty acid profile and postpartum weight changes in grazing dairy goats

Objective This experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with soybean or canola oil on milk production and the composition of long chain fatty acids as well as weight changes in the goats and their kids. Methods Thirty nine mulitparous crossed Alpine×Nubian goats (initial body weight [BW] 43.5±1.7 kg) from the day of parturition were assigned to the treatments: grazing control (n = 15); grazing plus 20 mL/goat/d of supplemental soybean oil (n = 12); and grazing plus 20 mL/goat/d of supplemental canola oil (n = 12) from November 26, 2014 to March 7, 2015. The planned contrasts were: CI (control vs supplemented with oils); CII (soybean vs canola oil) to compare the treatment effects. Results The vegetable oil supplementation reduced weight losses in lactating goats (CI: −0.060 vs 0.090 kg/d; p = 0.03) but did not improve milk production or affect kids’ growth. The content of C4, C6, C8, C10, C11, C14, and C18:1n9t in the milk was increased (p<0.05) with respect to control. However, C12, C14, C16, C18, C18:1n9c, C18:2n6c, and C18:3n3 were reduced (p<0.05) in supplemented goats. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was increased (p<0.05) in goats supplemented with oils compared to the control group. Conclusion Supplementation with 20 mL/d of soybean or canola oil did not affect milk production or kids’ performance; however, it increased CLA concentration and reduced the reduced weight losses in lactating goats.
Programa de conciliación de la medicación en Medicina Interna: Transición segura entre niveles asistenciales

Introduccion: Los errores de medicacion durante la transferencia de niveles asistenciales (ingreso y alta hospitalaria) constituyen un serio problema de elevada incidencia. El objetivo del presente estudio es describir la frecuencia de los errores de conciliacion en el ingreso y en el alta hospitalaria asi como los medicamentos involucrados, los factores de riesgo asociados a estos y la gravedad de los mismos. Material y metodos: Estudio observacional prospectivo llevado a cabo en el servicio de medicina interna de un hospital de tercer nivel durante 2 anos. La mejor historia farmacoterapeutica posible (MHFP) fue obtenida por un farmaceutico clinico a traves de diferentes fuentes de informacion y se comparo con la prescrita en el momento del ingreso y al alta. El resultado principal analizado fue la presencia de discrepancias no justificadas al ingreso y al alta asi como el tipo de error y el medicamento implicado. Tambien se analizaron los factores de riesgo para padecer los errores asi como su potencial para causar un dano al paciente. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 814 pacientes (edad media: 80,2anos). El 64,5% de los pacientes (525) presentaron al menos una discrepancia no justificada (2.2±1.3 discrepancias por paciente) en el momento del ingreso y un 32,4% (235) al alta. La omision de un medicamento fue el tipo mas comun de discrepancia implicada (73,6% en el ingreso y 71,4% al alta). El 39% de las discrepancias producidas al ingreso y el 51,5% al alta, fueron clasificadas como moderadas o graves. El analisis estadistico revelo una asociacion entre la presencia de discrepancias al ingreso y el numero de medicamentos cronicos. Ademas, la tasa de discrepancias aumento, cuantas mas patologias tenia el paciente o mas medicamentos cronicos tomaba de forma habitual. En el alta, los pacientes con mas riesgo de sufrir discrepancias fueron los que tenian mas prescripciones al alta, asi como los que estuvieron mas dias ingresados. Conclusiones: Al menos un error de conciliacion fue detectado en el 64.5% de los pacientes al ingreso y en el 32.4% al alta. Los errores detectados tenian potencial para causar dano en el 39-51% de los casos. Nuestra experiencia nos indica que un adecuado proceso de conciliacion es una estrategia importante en la seguridad del paciente permitiendo reducir las discrepancias medicamentosas, principalmente en el ingreso. La integracion de la historia digital de salud de los pacientes en los distintos niveles asistenciales es necesaria pero no suficiente para evitar los errores.
Humidity effects in magnetic recording

Humidity effects in magnetic recording are reviewed. We highlight the progress made toward quantifying water adsorption on lubricated overcoats, leading up to the present understanding of humidity effects on magnetic recording tribology. Recently, it was found that moisture is also absorbed by hygroscopic atmospheric contaminants to form liquid nanodroplets on the overcoat. Rheological and dielectric measurements were performed to investigate the properties of the nanodroplets. Solutions of 1 wt% to 10 wt% water in Ztetraol are gel like and highly viscous. Dissolved water increases the low-frequency permittivity and conductivity, and shortens the dielectric relaxation time, relative to dry lubricant.
Carbon storage in tropical forests correlates with taxonomic diversity and functional dominance on a global scale

Aim We examined (1) the relationships between aboveground tropical forest C storage, biodiversity and environmental drivers and (2) how these relationships inform theory concerning ecosystem function and biodiversity. Experiments have shown that there is a positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, but intense debate exists on the underlying mechanisms. While some argue that mechanisms such as niche complementarity increase ecosystem function, others argue that these relationships are a selection effect. Location Eleven tropical forests in the Americas, Africa and Asia. Methods We analysed the correlates of biodiversity and carbon storage in tropical forests using data from 59 1-ha tree plots from a standardized global tropical forest biodiversity-monitoring network. We examined taxonomic and functional diversity, aboveground C storage and environmental variables in order to determine the relationships between biodiversity and carbon storage in natural (non-plantation) tropical forests. Results We found that aboveground C storage in tropical forests increased with both taxonomic diversity and functional dominance, specifically the dominance of genera with large maximum diameters, after potential environmental drivers were accounted for (final model R 2 = 0.38, P < 0.001). Main conclusions Our results suggest that niche complementarity and the selection effect are not mutually exclusive: they both play a role in structuring tropical forests. While previous studies have documented relationships between diversity and C storage, these have largely been conducted on small scales in biomes that are relatively species poor compared with tropical forests (e.g. grasslands and temperate or boreal forests). Our results demonstrate that these positive biodiversity– ecosystem functioning relationships are also present in hyperdiverse systems on spatial scales relevant to conservation and management. This insight can be used to inform the conservation and management of tropical forests, which play a critical role in the global carbon cycle and are some of the biologically richest ecosystems on the planet.
Rate-compatible and high-throughput architecture designs for encoding LDPC codes

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are known for superior performance over a wide range of codes for communication and memory systems. In many practical scenarios, adaptive ECC system is preferred that can adapt to various codes with varying channel conditions since the behavior of errors changes with time and space. This paper presents two architectural designs for efficient encoding of LDPC codes to support different code rates and lengths, which can be used for several applications. The proposed designs allow switching among different codes without any hardware modification. The first proposed design achieves extremely high throughput by removing the memory from the encoder, while still being able to adapt to a few predefined codes. The other architecture can adapt to any arbitrary code by using the memory for configuration, and yet, it achieves up to 12.9x throughput and 17.5x area improvement as compared to fully-reconfigurable encoders proposed in literature.
Calidad de vida en el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad: disfunción ejecutiva y comorbilidad

El Trastorno por Deficit de Atencion e Hiperactividad (TDAH) es uno de los trastornos neuropsiquiatricos mas comunes de inicio en la infancia con persistencia en la edad adulta hasta en el 65 % de los casos, y que genera importantes alteraciones en las diferentes areas vitales. Se estima una prevalencia entre el 2 y el 5 % en la edad adulta (1). El diagnostico precoz y la presencia de comorbilidad predicen significativamente la disfuncion asociada al trastorno y condicionan su maduracion personal, y por ende su adaptacion y personalidad adulta. La etiologia del TDAH aunque actualmente no del todo conocida, se sustenta en un enfoque multifactorial, y se admite que, a la alta heredabilidad (75 %), hay que anadirle una desregulacion neurobiologica modulada por factores ambientales. Los criterios diagnosticos del TDAH fueron disenados desde una perspectiva propia de la psiquiatria infantil (2) y por tanto no se basan en el estudio sistematico de adultos (3) y no es hasta la publicacion del DSM-5 cuando se produce la adaptacion de los criterios especificos para el adulto (4).
True digestibility of amino acids and protein in pigs with 13C as a label to determine endogenous amino acid excretion.

The objective of this study was to determine whether differential labeling of 13C occurs in pigs fed diets with different 13C abundances and, if so, to use 13C as a label to determine true amino acid digestibility. Forty-eight pigs averaging 10.5 kg BW were fed dietary treatments consisting of a corn-corn gluten meal-crystalline amino acid diet (C-CGM) and a wheat-soybean meal diet (W-SBM). The 13C abundance of the amino acid fraction (AAF) of the C-CGM and W-SBM diets averaged delta 13C -14.19 and -26.36/1000, respectively. Three pigs/treatment group were killed when groups averaged 10.5 (initial), 22.9, and 46.6 kg BW, and AAF of organs were analyzed for 13C abundance. Carbon 13 in empty body AAF increased (-18.14, -13.98, and -12.66/1000) with increasing body weight in pigs fed the C-CGM diet and decreased (-18.06, -22.78, and -24.76/1000) in pigs fed the W-SBM diet. Liver, small intestine, and longissimus muscle tissues showed similar trends. Each tissue had dietary treatment effects (P < .001) and dietary treatment x weight group (P < .001) interactions. Ten pigs averaging 55.0 kg BW from each treatment group were assigned to metabolism cages and fed at 0700 and 1900. Six of these pigs from each treatment group were implanted with T-cannulas in the ileum and given a 17-d recovery period. At 1900 on d 0 of the collection phase, pigs were switched to the opposite diet that contained chromic oxide. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Regulation of Surface and Intracellular Expression of CTLA‐4 on Human Peripheral T Cells

Cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte‐associated antigen (CTLA‐4) is an important downregulator of T‐cell activation. In order to analyze the expression and regulation of CTLA‐4 on human peripheral T cells, CTLA‐4 mRNA and protein expression were determined using analysis by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) and FACs, respectively. Intracellular CTLA‐4 was constitutively expressed in unstimulated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Interleukin (IL)‐2 induced a dose‐dependent increase of both intracellular and surface expression of CTLA‐4 (CD152). Most of the CD4+ and CD8+ cells expressing CTLA‐4 also expressed CD25. Interferon (IFN)‐γ induced the upregulation of CTLA‐4 expression via antigen‐presenting cells (APC) activation. The CTLA‐4delTM mRNA (550 bp) had a shorter half‐life than the full length CTLA‐4 mRNA and the expression was downregulated upon activation of the cells by treatment with IL‐2. Given an inhibitory role of CTLA‐4 and CD4+ CD25+ T cells in immune responses, the present findings suggest that IL‐2‐induced immunosuppression may result from its stimulatory effect of the CTLA‐4 expression.
Implant Salvage in Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty

In a retrospective study of 60 infected total knee arthroplasties (TKAs), attempted implant salvage of 39 knees was performed with surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy. In seven of the 39 knees (17.9%), infection was successfully eradicated, with a mean follow-up examination of 4.1 years. In comparing knees with successful salvage to those with persistent infection, the following factors strongly correlated with successful salvage: (1) short duration of symptoms of infection (< 2 weeks); (2) susceptible gram-positive organism (Streptococcus or Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus); (3) absence of prolonged postoperative drainage or the development of a sinus tract; and (4) no prosthetic loosening or roentgenographic evidence of infection. Only five knees in this series satisfied all these criteria, and in each case, implant salvage with eradication of infection and maintenance of good knee function was achieved. Although a higher salvage rate was obtained with the less-constrained prostheses, an infected hinge prosthesis did not preclude successful implant salvage. No patient with a draining sinus tract (0/17), infection with a virulent organism (0/9), or earlier revision arthroplasty (0/9) had successful salvage of the infected implant. Of the 22 knees with postoperative drainage for longer than two weeks or failure of primary wound healing at the time of TKA, only two were successfully salvaged and both required a local muscle flap. Therefore, early aggressive management of persistently draining wounds after TKA is imperative. In TKA complicated by infection, implant salvage with aggressive surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy should be strongly considered, provided that these strict criteria for attempted salvage are adhered.
Mice Lacking Skeletal Muscle Actin Show Reduced Muscle Strength and Growth Deficits and Die during the Neonatal Period

ABSTRACT All four of the muscle actins (skeletal, cardiac, vascular, and enteric) in higher vertebrates show distinct expression patterns and display highly conserved amino acid sequences. While it is hypothesized that each of the muscle isoactins is specifically adapted to its respective tissue and that the minor variations among them have developmental and/or physiological relevance, the exact functional and developmental significance of these proteins remains largely unknown. In order to begin to assess these issues, we disrupted the skeletal actin gene by homologous recombination. All mice lacking skeletal actin die in the early neonatal period (day 1 to 9). These null animals appear normal at birth and can breathe, walk, and suckle, but within 4 days, they show a markedly lower body weight than normal littermates and many develop scoliosis. Null mice show a loss of glycogen and reduced brown fat that is consistent with malnutrition leading to death. Newborn skeletal muscles from null mice are similar to those of wild-type mice in size, fiber type, and ultrastructural organization. At birth, both hemizygous and homozygous null animals show an increase in cardiac and vascular actin mRNA in skeletal muscle, with no skeletal actin mRNA present in null mice. Adult hemizygous animals show an increased level of skeletal actin mRNA in hind limb muscle but no overt phenotype. Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle isolated from skeletal-actin-deficient mice at day 2 to 3 showed a marked reduction in force production compared to that of control littermates, and EDL muscle from hemizygous animals displayed an intermediate force generation. Thus, while increases in cardiac and vascular smooth-muscle actin can partially compensate for the lack of skeletal actin in null mice, this is not sufficient to support adequate skeletal muscle growth and/or function.
A novel approach for Web data extraction based on XML encoding

The problem of extracting data from a Web page has been studied by many works. In this paper, we present a novel approach that extracts data records from Web pages based on techniques of XML encoding. Firstly, our approach formats a given Web data page into an XML document. Then instead of using DOM-based approaches, we make use of XML encoding model to transform the XML document into a linear sequence. Our algorithm identifies the data records of a Web page from the sequence, which avoids the complex matching between sub trees in DOM model. Moreover, we address the problem of repetitive subparts in records and propose an algorithm for data alignment. Experimental results show that our approach can extract data records accurately from web pages.
ANÁLISE DA RELAÇÃO ENTRE O USO DE ESTATINAS E DECLÍNIO COGNITIVO

Avaliar a relacao entre uso de estatinas e declinio cognitivo (DC). Trata-se um estudo analitico observacional do tipo corte transversal nos ambulatorios clinicos do Hospital Universitario Alcides Carneiro (HUAC), da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), campus de Campina Grande, na Paraiba, no periodo entre os meses de julho e setembro de 2016. Os 250 pacientes selecionados foram submetidos a aplicacao do questionario, avaliados de acordo com a utilizacao ou nao de estatinas e quanto a presenca de DC atraves do Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM); outras caracteristicas relacionadas a saude e risco cardiovascular foram avaliadas como potenciais fatores de risco para DC; sintomas depressivos e qualidade do sono foram investigados atraves do Inventario de Depressao de Beck (IDB) e escala de Epworth, respectivamente. Para analise estatistica utilizou-se o teste x 2 , considerando-se o nivel de significância de 5%. Para determinacao da forca da associacao, calculou-se a Odds Ratio (OR) e o seu intervalo de confianca de 95% (IC95%). Apos analise de regressao logistica multipla hierar­quizada verificou-se risco diminuido para associacao de DC com as seguintes variaveis: genero masculino (OR=0,52; IC95%=0,3-0,9), escolaridade maior ou igual a oito anos (OR=0,47; IC95%=0,27-0,81) e pratica regular de exercicios (OR=0,37; IC95%=0,21-0,64). Nesse estudo o uso de estatinas nao mostrou relacao com DC. Torna-se imprescindivel a realizacao de estudos do tipo longitudinal para o entendimento da real natureza dessa associacao.