Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validity and reliability of Turkish form of children’s self-efficacy scale on Turkish primary school students

The study’s purpose is to adapt Children’s Self-Efficacy Scale to Turkish and search its reliability and validity on a Turkish children’s sample. In order to search construct validity, both confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis was applied. The results of EFA indicated that there are three factors explaining 48% variation. Through CFA, null model, two factor model and two-factor excluding Item 19 were compared. The results indicated a better fit for the last model. Criterion validity has been established through significant correlations with a set of scales. Reliability checks were also satisfactory. The results indicated that Turkish form of CSS is a valid and reliable instrument to measure children’s self-efficacy levels.
A Review on Optimization Methods to Enhance Energy Efficiency of Robots

The aim of this paper is to make available of a comprehensive review and to provide a reference of existing methodologies developed for enhancing of the energy efficiency of robots. In the present scenario of increased application of robots, the huge energy consumption is also being predicted. One of the possible solutions for energy consumption can be in terms of developing energy efficient robots. In the domain of energy efficient robot, different attempts are made in past, such as use of lightweight material, analysis of speed, identification of the least energy consuming trajectories and reduction of components weight by topology optimization, etc. The available methodologies to reduce the energy consumption of industrial robots are classified into two groups. The first group comprises of the different attempts of energy efficiency through trajectory optimization of the manipulator. Here, the energy required to perform a particular task is considered. The path is then optimized for minimum power consumption of the motors. This approach is applicable to task-specific cycles. The second group comprises the application of topology optimization method. Topology optimization approach is developed in the last decade and proved to be a promising approach for minimization of the mass of a structural member of machine component. Presented work will be helpful to understand the advancement in this domain.
The Role of Arthroscopic Decompression in Subacromial Impingement Syndrome

Amac: Bu calismanin amaci, rotator manset tendonlari uzerine korakoakromiyal arkin basisi ile karakterize subakromiyal sikisma sendromu tanisi ile artroskopik subakromiyal dekompresyon yapilan hastalarin klinik sonuclarini degerlendirmektir. Hastalar veYontem: En az alti ay konservatif tedavi uygulamalarindan fayda gormeyen ve artroskopik subakromial dekompresyon uyguladigimiz 25 hastanin, tedavi oncesi ve cerrahi sonrasi 15. gun ve 6. aydaki Constant, istirahat VAS ve hareket VAS skorlarini degerlendirdik. Bulgular: Ameliyat oncesi ve 15. gun / 6. ay skorlari arasinda Mann Whitney U testi ile istatistiksel olarak anlamli bir fark vardi (p <0.0001). Hastalarin agrilarinin azaldigini ve omuz fonksiyonlarinda iyilesme oldugunu istatistiksel olarak tespit ettik. Sonuc: Erken evre subakromial sikisma sendromunun tedavisinin konservatif oldugu; ancak, 6 ay konservatif tedaviye ragmen sikayetleri devam eden hastalarda artroskopik subakromial dekompresyonun iyi bir tedavi secenegi oldugu kanaatindeyiz.
A descriptive study of the role of maternalbehavior in the survival of Markhor (Caprafalconeri) kids

In a herd of captive Markhors, observations were made to investigate the elements of maternal behavior, interactions of mothers with their kids, visitor’s effect and welfare. Females isolated themselves from other conspecifics before parturition and selected a parturition site in the elevated part of the enclosure. After birth, the kids concealed themselves under a rock formation for at least eight days and their mothers visited them in their hiding for nursing. Each doe allowed only her own kid to suckle, after identifying the kid. When the hiding phase was over the mothers communicated with their kids by bleats. A close maternal-offspring bond was observed between does and their kids. Nursing time was significantly longer in the elevated rocky part of the enclosure (48.5 ±2.3 sec, 49 ± 1.4 sec) compared to the lower part (17.8 ±1.8 sec, 18.1 ± 1.3 sec). The higher number of nursing events were recorded in the evening or late afternoon and least suckling events were recorded during the late morning, noon and early afternoon. The number of bleats by the does were significantly more in the lower part of the enclosure (median 6/day) compared to the elevated rocky part (median 1.5/day). Babysitting behavior was observed among two mothers. Despite the display of babysitting behavior, allonursing behavior as well as the kid-stealing/adoption behavior was absent. The mothers were vigilant when they were accompanied by the kids. The kids spent relatively more time uphill than downhill with an increasing number of visitors. Moreover, the kids spent significantly more time in the elevated part of the enclosure (146.2 ± 63.9 mins) compared to the flat lower part (73.7 ± 32 mins) (P < 0.05, Paired t-test t = 4.30 P = 0.016) for each category of the visitors. The results of this study suggest that the Markhor individuals perceived the elevated part safer than the lower part of their enclosure. Keeping Markhors in captivity for the purpose of conservation, provision of an enclosure which mimics their natural habitat would not only provide them optimum welfare but also facilitates their successful reproduction.
Improving Large Number Comprehension with an Infinite Runner Game

Large numbers are increasingly important in our society. We encounter large numbers in the news, research, macroeconomics and they are the backbone of big data. Despite their importance, people often misjudge large numbers, leading to misconceptions and ungrounded discussions about the aforementioned topics. Training can improve comprehension of large numbers. For example by embedding a large number in an understandable context (Barrio, Goldstein, & Hofman, 2016), or pointing out a often wrongly predicted value on a number line (Guay, Davis, DeLaunay, Charlesworth, & Landy, Under review). This research proposes a serious game to train users on the comprehension of large magnitudes and exponential growth. The game is an endless runner-type game and is based on the notion of walking on an extended number line with varying speeds to give the player an impression of the magnitude and scale of numbers. An experiment was conducted regarding the effectiveness of this training method. Scores extracted from questionnaires filled in before and after playing the game revealed that the game is indeed effective in the training of large number comprehension. Especially notable is the change in response to price-difference questions, one of the used measurements for large number comprehension. These results imply the proposed game is a viable training method for large number comprehension and may be developed further for real-life use.
1 Happiness is a Warm Gun *

Based on evolutionary reasons, we propose that current happiness may depend negatively on past happiness. Our theoretical model shows how addiction may be thought as an optimum mechanism to make mankind maximize fitness. We run happiness regressions using panel data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) to test the different hypotheses. The results are twofold: originally happiness may have been autoregressive, but under modern circumstances mankind might have found the key to perpetuate life satisfaction. JEL Codes: D01, D69, I31
A time-varying parameter estimation approach using split-sample calibration based on dynamic programming

Abstract. Although the parameters of hydrological models are usually regarded as constant, temporal variations can occur in a changing environment. Thus, effectively estimating time-varying parameters becomes a significant challenge. Two methods, including split-sample calibration (SSC) and data assimilation, have been used to estimate time-varying parameters. However, SSC is unable to consider the parameter temporal continuity, while data assimilation assumes parameters vary at every time step. This study proposed a new method that combines (1) the basic concept of split-sample calibration, whereby parameters are assumed to be stable for one sub-period, and (2) the parameter continuity assumption; i.e. the differences between parameters in consecutive time steps are small. Dynamic programming is then used to determine the optimal parameter trajectory by considering two objective functions: maximization of simulation accuracy and maximization of parameter continuity. The efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated by two synthetic experiments, one with a simple 2-parameter monthly model and the second using a more complex 15-parameter daily model. The results show that the proposed method is superior to SSC alone and outperforms the ensemble Kalman filter if the proper sub-period length is used. An application to the Wuding River basin indicates that the soil water capacity parameter varies before and after 1972, which can be interpreted according to land use and land cover changes. A further application to the Xun River basin shows that parameters are generally stationary on an annual scale but exhibit significant changes over seasonal scales. These results demonstrate that the proposed method is an effective tool for identifying time-varying parameters in a changing environment.
JUDGING GOOD APPEARANCE IN PERSONNEL SELECTION O julgamento da boa aparência em seleção de pessoal

Judgement of what one views as good appearance in the selection of job applicants may reveal racial bias in access to the labor market. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of racism in judging physical appearance in personnel selection. The non-random sample was composed of seventy-four (74) participants, of whom forty-two were human resources professionals (57%). The instruments used were an assessment of résumés, a set of prejudice scales, an inventory of racism in the labor market, an indicator of good appearance and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Three hypotheses were tested. Hypothesis 1, which postulated a preference for white candidates was confirmed. Hypothesis 2 was corroborated, because the professionals showed a higher tendency to choose candidates with a fairer complexion. Hypothesis 3, which made reference to good appearance was rejected, because the participants elected hygiene as a further element present in the judgment in selecting candidates. Finally, it is considered that the selection process should be based on the acceptance of racial diversity, a key element for the development of creative and innovative organizations.
Non-interacting tension control in a multi-span web transport system

A non-interacting tension control algorithm is proposed to reject tbe disturbance due to tbe interaction between neighboring processing sections. An 'auxiliary dynamic model' is derived. And an 'auxiliary controller' is designed with tbe concept of feedback and feedforward control using tbe auxiliary dynamic model such ! bat it can reject disturbances from tbe upstream as well as down stream web span. The perfonnance of ! bis controller is compared with ! bat of an existing controller. When tbe proposed controller is used, tbe tension in each span is successfully regulated even in a highly interacting multi-span system with less control effort than Uiat of an existing control method. NOMENCLATURE A Cross-sectional area of web Brn Rotary friction constant of bearing E Modulus of elasticity J n Polar moment of inertia of roll or roller Ln Length of web span Rn Radius of roll or roller t0 o Steady-state value of web tension t0 Web tension= tno + T0 T n Change in web tension from a steady-state operating value T nref Reference tension uno Input value in steady st.ate to a driven motor Un Input to a driven motor = u00 + Un Un Change in input to a driven motor from a steady-state operating value v nO Steady-state operating value of web velocity
Genotype×environment interaction and stability analysis of soybean genotypes for yield and yield components across two locations in Nigeria

A multilocational evaluation of 20 soybean genotypes was conducted in two distinct locations (Nsukka in Derived Savanna agro-ecology and Jalingo in northern Guinea Savanna) of Nigeria in 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons. The main objective of this study was to assess the genotype-by-environment interaction (G x E) for specific traits such as number of pods, pod weight, seed yield and yield stability. The results revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes and locations for all the traits except for seed yield. Genotype by environment interaction was not significant for all the traits except for days to 50% flowering indicating relative consistency in time of flowering among the genotypes across the locations and year. The genotype, Ashuku produced the highest yield in the two locations. However, the most stable genotypes across the locations were Dadinkowa and Vom while the ideal environments were Jalingo 2016 (ENV2) and Nsukka 2016 (ENV4) which produced 14.0 and 14.5 g, respectively. Similarly, Akwanga was discriminated as the overall best genotype across the two locations.
Running head: TEACHER AND PRINCIPAL JOB SATISFACTION Job Satisfaction of Teachers and their Principals in Relation to Climate and Student Achievement

Job satisfaction is important for employee well-being and retention, which are both crucial for high strained occupations such as teachers and school principals. We investigated the structure and relationship of teachers’ job satisfaction (N = 142,280) and principals’ job satisfaction (N = 8,869). Results of structural equation modeling using multilevel bi-factor models provide strong evidence for the validity of a model including both specific (satisfaction with the profession versus the working environment) and general job satisfaction factors. This differential conception of job satisfaction was further tested by including the student variables disciplinary climate and student achievement from linked TALIS 2013PISA 2012 data. Only teacher job satisfaction factors (general and working environment) were related to the disciplinary climate perceived by students, whereas the working environment job satisfaction factor was related to student achievement for both teachers and principals. Controlling for socio-economic status reduced these estimates, but did not change the pattern of results. Educational Impact and Implications Statement High teacher and principal job satisfaction is associated with well-being, lower attrition, and better student outcomes. We investigated whether different aspects of job satisfaction of teachers and their principals are related to each other, to student achievement, and to disciplinary climate perceived by students. Results based on a very large representative sample revealed that job satisfaction with the working environment of both teachers and their principals is high when student achievement is high. The school’s disciplinary climate was only related to satisfaction of teachers. These findings show how students, teachers, and principals influence each other and highlight the importance of targeting interventions and policies at the school.
Evaluation of the management of asthma in a specialized pulmonological environment at CHU Congo-Brazzaville Evaluation de la prise en charge de l'asthme dans un environnement pneumologique spécialisé au CHU Congo-Brazzaville

Résultats. Au total, nous avons analysé la prise en charge de 54 patients au cours de cette période. Ils étaient 60% de femmes et 40% d'hommes, majoritairement jeunes, avec un âge moyen de 25,6 ans (extrême: 19 ans et 62 ans). Le pic de débit n’a pas été utilisé pour évaluer la gravité ou non de la crise. Les bronchodilatateurs en solution pour nébulisation ont été utilisés dans 35% des cas et les formes injectables (sous-cutanées) dans 65% des cas. Les corticostéroïdes systémiques étaient associés dans 100% des cas. À court terme, 23 patients ont subi une spirométrie, ce qui a permis d'initier un traitement à long terme associant un bronchodilatateur à longue durée d'action et un corticostéroïde inhalé. Trente et un patients ont été traités par DMARD sans évaluation de la fonction pulmonaire dans l’intervale. Dans tous les cas, les patients ont utilisé un bronchodilatateur à courte durée d'action selon les besoins.
Numéro thématique-Identifier et surveiller les impacts sanitaires du changement climatique pour s’y adapter / Special issue-Identify and monitor health impacts of climate change in the context of adaptation

Coordination scientifique du numéro / Scientific coordination of the issue: Mathilde Pascal, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France, et pour le comité de rédaction : Dorothée Grange, Observatoire régional de santé d’Île-de-France et Agnès Lefranc, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France Une version en langue anglaise de ce numéro est disponible sur le site de l’Institut de veille sanitaire : http://www.invs. sante.fr/ Publications-et-outils/BEH-Bulletin-epidemiologique-hebdomadaire/Derniers-numeros-et-archives/Archives/2012/BEH-n-12-13-2012 Remerciements à Farida Mihoub pour son aide pour les traductions.
Benthic foraminifera indicate Glacial North Pacific Intermediate Water and reduced primary productivity over Bowers Ridge, Bering Sea, since the Mid-Brunhes Transition

Abstract. The Mid-Brunhes Transition (MBT) saw an increase in the amplitude of glacial cycles expressed in ice core and deep ocean records from about 400 ka, but its influence on high-latitude climates is not fully understood. The Arctic Ocean is thought to have warmed and exhibited reduced sea ice, but little is known of sea ice marginal locations such as the Bering Sea. The Bering Sea is the link between the Arctic and Pacific Ocean and is an area of high productivity and CO2 ventilation; it hosts a pronounced oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) and is thought to be the location of Glacial North Pacific Intermediate Water (GNPIW) formation in the Pleistocene. To understand palaeoceanographic change in the region, we analysed benthic foraminiferal faunas from Bowers Ridge (Site U1342, 800 m of water depth) over the past 600 kyr, as they are uniquely well preserved and sensitive to changes in deep and surface ocean conditions. We identified and imaged 71 taxa and provide a full taxonomy. Foraminiferal preservation is markedly higher during glacials, indicating the presence of less corrosive GNPIW. The most abundant species are Bulimina exilis, Takayanagia delicata, Alabaminella weddellensis, Gyroidina sp. 2, Cassidulina laevigata, Islandiella norcrossi, and Uvigerina bifurcata, consistent with broadly high net primary production throughout the last 600 kyr. Correspondence analysis shows that the most significant Assemblage 1 comprises B. exilis, T. delicata, Bolivina spissa, and Brizalina, which occur sporadically within intervals of laminated, biogenic-rich sediment, mostly during glacials and also some deglacials, and are interpreted as indicating very high productivity. Other assemblages contain the phytodetritivore species A. weddellensis, I. norcrossi, and C. laevigata, indicative of seasonal phytoplankton blooms. Before the MBT, more numerous intervals of the very high-productivity Assemblage 1 and A. weddellensis occur, which we suggest reflect a time of more sea-ice-related seasonal stratification and ice edge blooms. Our inference of a decrease in sea ice meltwater stratification influence in the central Bering Sea after the MBT is consistent with records showing that the Arctic and Pacific Ocean warmed during glacials and suggests that high-latitude productivity and sea ice changes were an important feature of this climate event.
Heat shock proteins in health and disease

Heat shock or stress proteins have been regarded as intracellular molecules that have a range of housekeeping and cytoprotective functions, only being released into the extracellular environment in pathological situations such as necrotic cell death. However, evidence is now accumulating to indicate that, under certain circumstances, these proteins can be released from cells in the absence of cellular necrosis, and that extracellular heat shock proteins have a range of immunoregulatory activities. The capacity of heat shock proteins to induce pro-inflammatory responses, together with the phylogenetic similarity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic heat shock proteins, has led to the proposition that these proteins provide a link between infection and autoimmune disease. Indeed, both elevated levels of antibodies to heat shock proteins and an enhanced immune reactivity to heat shock proteins have been noted in a variety of pathogenic disease states. However, further evaluation of heat shock protein reactivity in autoimmune disease and after transplantation has shown that, rather than promoting disease, reactivity to self-heat shock proteins can downregulate the disease process. It might be that self-reactivity to heat shock proteins is a physiological response that regulates the development and progression of proinflammatory immunity to these ubiquitously expressed molecules. The evolving evidence that heat shock proteins are present in the extracellular environment, that reactivity to heat shock proteins does not necessarily reflect adverse, pro-inflammatory responses and that the promotion of reactivity to self-heat shock proteins can downregulate pathogenic processes all suggest a potential role for heat shock proteins as therapeutic agents, rather than as therapeutic targets.
Feature selection on imbalanced data set for the decision support of Parkinson’s disease

This paper presents results of feature selection on imbalanced data set for clinical decision support of Parkinson’s disease. A Clinical Decision Support system was used to test collected clinical and image analysis data. In total the images of 341 subjects were analyzed: 118 of them had clinical Parkinson's disease diagnosis, 73 healthy controls, 92 had established essential tremor diagnosis, and 24 had mild cognitive impairment. To overcome data imbalance problem for the last diagnosis the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique was used giving the ability to perform feature selection. The number of performed experiments show that used methods help gain a reliable decision. Two features listed in all three diagnosis were selected with importance of 100 % out of 194 gathered during an automated transcranial sonography image analysis. The proposed approach is a supplementary tool for the automated assessment of the parameters for the decision support in the diagnostics of Parkinson's disease.