Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gapped spin liquid states in a one-dimensional Hubbard model with antiferromagnetic exchange interaction

We study the phase diagram of a one-dimensional extended Hubbard model with antiferromagnetic exchange interaction analytically and numerically. The bosonization and transfer-matrix renormalization group methods are used in the corresponding coupling regimes. At half-filling, the system is a Mott insulator with a finite spin excitation gap if the on-site Coulomb repulsion is fairly smaller than the antiferromagnetic exchange J. This Mott insulator is characterized by the bond-charge-density-wave order or spontaneously dimerization. In the weak-coupling regime where the spin-charge separation holds approximately, the critical point separating the gapless and gapped spin liquid phases is U(c)similar toJ/2. However, as J increases, the spin-charge couplings become important and the critical point U(c) is significantly suppressed and eventually tends to zero as J-->infinity. Away from half-filling, the charge gap completely collapses but the spin gap persists.
Preliminary risk assessment of common-use pesticides using PRIMET and PERPEST pesticide risk models in a semi-arid subtropical region

The pesticide risk in agriculture in developing countries has not been adequately studied due to the extent and fate of pesti cides in the environment often being unknown. South Africa is a country that has significant pressure on its freshwater and agricultural resources, which increases the possibility of pesticide effects. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the PRIMET (Pesticide Risks in the Tropics to Man, Environment and Trade) and PERPEST (Predicting the Ecological Risk of PESTicides) models to predict pesticide exposure and effects on aquatic ecosystems due to spray drift. Vaalharts Irrigation Scheme is situated in the Northern Cape Province and receives water from the Vaal River for 43 000 ha of agricultural land. Crops in the area mostly consist of wheat, maize and groundnuts. Data gathered through household surveys with farmers were used in PRIMET as a first-tier estimate of the potential risk of the pesticides. The Predicted Effect Concentrations (PEC) calculated for the pesticides indicating a possible to definite risk were then used as input for PERPEST. PERPEST is a higher-tier model that predicts the potential effects of a pesticide on various grouped endpoints in the aquatic environment. The PRIMET results indicated most pesticides posed no risk to the environment, except the pyrethroid, deltamethrin. The ETR for deltamethrin indicated a possible to definite risk to the aquatic environment. The PERPEST results for deltamethrin indicated a high probability of clear effects on insects, micro- and macro-crustacean communities, with a lower probability for rotifers, algae, macrophytes and fish. PRIMET and PERPEST provided valid estimates of risk for pesticides and could be used effectively in South Africa.
Predator-Proof Bomas as a Tool in Mitigating Human-Predator Conflict in Loitokitok Sub-County Amboseli Region of Kenya

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) arises when wildlife shares the same physical space with humans. HWC, particularly livestock predation results in great negative impacts both to pastoralist and carnivores. Various approaches including compensation, livestock guarding, translocation of the problematic predator, and predator-proof bomas (PPB) have been used to mitigate such conflicts. We assessed PPB in mitigating human-predator conflict in Loitokitok sub-county by focusing on its effectiveness, most problematic predator, community’s perceptions, and comparing the PPB and traditional bomas characteristics. Data were obtained from 90 homesteads in Olgulului, Mbirikani and Kimana/Tikondo group ranches. Correlation and paired t-tests were used to analyze the data. Our findings suggest that the boma sizes correlated with the total number of livestock in the boma (r = 0.386, n = 90, p = 0.000) but not the number of people. Hyena and lion accounted for the highest loss of shoats and cattle, with hyena mostly killing shoats (37%) and lions preying largely on cattle (34%). The most problematic predator was as hyena (68%). We found positive relationships between the most problematic predator and total number of livestock (r = 0.319, n = 90, p = 0.002), and boma circumference (r = 0.295, n = 90, p = 0.005). Livestock predation was high in boma during the wet seasons (April, September, October and December). The erection of PPB reduced livestock predation by 91.11% (n = 45) and time spend guarding livestock at night. We recommend a continuous maintenance of the PPB as a long term solution to livestock loss at night and a close guarding of livestock during the day by adults to reduce day time predations.
Telescope to Observe Planetary Systems (TOPS): a high throughput 1.2-m visible telescope with a small inner working angle

The Telescope to Observe Planetary Systems (TOPS) is a proposed space mission to image in the visible (0.4- 0.9 μm) planetary systems of nearby stars simultaneously in 16 spectral bands (resolution R≈20). For the ≈10 most favorable stars, it will have the sensitivity to discover 2RΕ rocky planets within habitable zones and characterize their surfaces or atmospheres through spectrophotometry. Many more massive planets and debris discs will be imaged and characterized for the first time. With a 1.2m visible telescope, the proposed mission achieves its power by exploiting the most efficient and robust coronagraphic and wavefront control techniques. The Phase-Induced Amplitude Apodization (PIAA) coronagraph used by TOPS allows planet detection at 2λ/d with nearly 100% throughput and preserves the telescope angular resolution. An efficient focal plane wavefront sensing scheme accurately measures wavefront aberrations which are fed back to the telescope active primary mirror. Fine wavefront control is also performed independently in each of 4 spectral channels, resulting in a system that is robust to wavefront chromaticity.
Phosphorus retention in forest soils and the functioning of buffer zones used in forestry

Vaananen, R. 2008. Phosphorus retention in forest soils and the functioning of buffer zones used in forestry. Dissertationes Forestales 60. 42 pp. Available at http://www.metla. fi/ dissertationes/df60.htm Phosphorus (P) retention properties of soils typical for boreal forest, i.e. podzolic soil and peat soils, vary significantly, but the range of this variation has not been sufficiently documented. To assess the usefulness of buffer zones used in forestry in removing P from the discharge by chemical sorption in soil, and to estimate the risk of P leaching after forestry operations, more data is needed on soil P retention properties. P retention properties of soils were studied at clear-cut areas, unharvested buffer zones adjoining the clear-cut and at peatland buffer zone areas. Desorption-sorption isotherms were determined for the humus layer, the mineral soil horizons E, B and C of the Podzol profile and for the surface layer peat (0-15 cm) and the subsurface layer peat (15-30 cm). The efficiency of buffer zones in retaining P was studied at six peatland buffer zone areas by adding Pcontaining solute in the inflow. A tracer study was conducted at one of the buffer zone areas to determine the allocation of the added P in soil and vegetation. Measured sorption or desorption rather than parameter values of fitted sorption equations described P desorption and sorption behaviour in soil. The highest P retention efficiency was in the B horizon and consequently, if contact occurred or was established between the soluble P in the water and the soil B horizon, the risk of P leaching was low. Humus layer was completely incapable of retaining P after clear-cutting. In the buffer zones, the decrease in P retention properties in the humus layer and the low amount of P sorbed by it indicated that the importance of the layer in the functioning of buffer zones is low. The peatland buffer zone areas were efficient in retaining soluble P from inflow. P sorption properties of the peat soil at the buffer zone areas varied largely but the contribution of P sorption in the peat was particularly important during high flow in spring, when the vegetation was not fully developed. Factors contributing to efficient P retention were large buffer size and low hydrological load whereas high hydrological load combined with the formation of preferential flow paths, especially during early spring or late autumn was disadvantageous. However, small buffer zone areas, too, may be efficient in reducing P load.
CRANKLED S-RING RESONATOR WITH SMALL ELECTRICAL SIZE

Metamaterials with small electrical size are more feasible to be described by the macroscopic parameters and treated as an effective homogenous media. By using geometric optimization, we experimentally realize a metamaterial composed of crankled Sring resonator, whose electrical size is 2.5 times smaller than the conventional S-ring resonator. The overall effective capacitance of the unit structure is greatly increased when viewed from an equivalent circuit model point of view, so the resonant frequency is decreased, and the metamaterial works at a much longer wavelength regime. In addition, we summarize two kinds of other methods that could be used to reduce the electrical size of the structures. Experimental and simulation results are presented, showing the effectiveness of these methods in the metamaterial homogenization.
A Method for Structural Analysis of Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Scores

Comunicacio presentada al 6th International Workshop on Folk Music Analysis, celebrat els dies 15 a 17 de juny de 2016 a Dublin, Irlanda.Comunicacio presentada al 6th International Workshop on Folk Music Analysis, celebrat els dies 15 a 17 de juny de 2016 a Dublin, Irlanda.
Prevention of Ventilation Associated Pneumonia, New Ideas and BetterResults

The ventilation associated pneumonia is one the biggest challenge in the critical care team. It has a high mortality rate and an increase cost of the management. The use of the antibiotics did not show a great improvement in the survival rate. On the other hand, the prevention of ventilation associated pneumonia shows promising results, it improves the survival rate, decease both days of antibiotic use and days in the critical care unit. In the last 10 years, different methods used for the prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia. Some of those methods show a promising results while others need do not. We reviewed different methods of prevention including oral hygiene, probiotics, cuff pressure control, subglottic secretion drainage, endotracheal cuff, coated endotracheal tube, and the multisystem approach. We review the papers and the data supplement online, and we compared between the different methods in the short outcome, long outcome, length of stay in the ICU, and the cost of the management.
Genetic diversity of Fusarium moniliforme detected by vegetative compatibility groups and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers

Genetic diversity among Fusarium moniliforme isolates was analysed using vegetative compatibility group (VCG) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques. In the first experiment, RAPD was used to analyse a set of 43 isolates collected from different corn growing areas in Israel and the US. The isolates were assigned to 27 different VCGs. Thirty-two RAPD haplotypes were also detected by analysing 48 polymorphic bands. RAPD could differentiate all the VCGs, except in two cases where two VCGs were assigned a single RAPD haplotype. In six cases, however, molecular variation was detected among isolates belonging to the same VCG. Cluster analysis of the RAPD data showed a very good agreement with the VCG grouping, e.g. isolates of the same VCG were always closely clustered by the molecular data. In a second experiment, 63 isolates of Fusarium moniliforme were collected from six corn lines growing in a single corn field. Extensive genetic variation was observed among the isolates: 42 different VCGs and 37 RAPD haplotypes were identified. Once again, RAPD patterns could differentiate nearly all the VCGs. However, in four cases, two different VCGs were grouped into a single RAPD haplotype, while in another three cases, isolates of the same VCG could be differentiated by distinct molecular haplotypes. The variation data was used to gain insight on the population structure and the patterns of genetic variation among geographical locations and within a single field. Hierarchical gene diversity analysis of the RAPD data indicated that most of the genetic variability (81%) was distributed within corn lines in the same field, suggesting that RAPD haplotype, or VCG frequencies, were not significantly affected by the plant genotypes grown in this experiment. Most of the RAPD band combinations did not display significant gametic phase disequilibrium, suggesting that active recombination might be occurring in the field. Our results indicate that by using a small number of primers, similar resolution was obtained by RAPD and VCG analysis, respectively. RAPD analysis is however, simpler to perform and its sensitivity in genotyping individuals within Fusarium moniliforme can be increased by analysing more primers, enabling a more detailed population genetic analysis of this important pathogen.
A note on the de la Garza phenomenon for locally optimal designs

The celebrated de la Garza phenomenon states that for a polynomial regression model of degree p — 1 any optimal design can be based on at most p design points. In a remarkable paper, Yang [Ann. Statist. 38 (2010) 2499― 2524] showed that this phenomenon exists in many locally optimal design problems for nonlinear models. In the present note, we present a different view point on these findings using results about moment theory and Chebyshev systems. In particular, we show that this phenomenon occurs in an even larger class of models than considered so far.
Crop rotation and tillage effects on selected soil physical properties of a Typic Haploxerert in an irrigated semi-arid Mediterranean region

Physical, chemical and biological attributes of soil surface are significantly affected by tillage practices and crop rotation. The objective of this study was to determine the short-term (2006-2009) effects of conventional and conservational tillage practices on selected soil physical properties of a heavy clay soil under two wheat-corn and wheatlegume rotation in a semi-arid Mediterranean Region. Treatments included conventional tillage with residue incorporated in soil (CT1), conventional tillage with burned residue (CT2), reduced tillage with heavy tandem disc-harrow (RT1), reduced tillage with rotary tiller (RT2), reduced tillage with heavy tandem disc harrow fallowed by no-tillage (RNT) and no tillage (NT). Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected to determine saturated hydraulic conductivity (HC), bulk density (BD), mean weight diameter (MWD), available water content (AWC) and total porosity at 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm depths. The highest HC values of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depths were obtained with CT1 (9.70×10 m s, 8.74×10 m s) and CT2 (9.39×10 m s, 8.58×10 m s) applications. CT2 treatment destructed the soil aggregates and resulted in greater bulk density and low total porosity at 0-10 cm depth. The available water content at 0-10 cm depth was significantly reduced with the CT1 (P<0.01) and CT2 applications (P<0.05). Although three years of no-tillage application in clay rich soils caused higher bulk density and low porosity, increase in MWD is an indication of soil and water conservation. Therefore, no till and reduced till applications should be adapted to the farmers’ conditions for sustainability in agriculture.
The transversality of a general translate

A vacuum cleaner filter bag is made of a porous sheet of material which permits penetration and flow therethrough of air. The bag is generally horseshoe-shaped and has a comparably shaped internal cavity. The bag has two tubular leg portions and a tubular connecting portion between the leg portions. An air inlet opening is provided on the connecting portion for admitting a stream of air under pressure into the cavity and an opening, which permits removal of accumulated debris but which is closed during use of the bag, is also provided on the connecting portion. The air flow between the air inlet opening on the vacuum cleaner housing and the inlet opening of an exhaust motor situated within the vacuum cleaner housing generally tends to primarily penetrate or flow through a wall portion of the bag disposed between the respective inlet air openings. An air impervious blocking sheet of material, such as a sheet of vinyl or acetate, is provided on the wall portion to prevent passage of the air therethrough and to thereby prevent accumulation of debris in the bag connecting portion. This assures flow of air into the leg portions of the bag and a more uniform distribution and accumulation of debris throughout the cavity of the bag.
Economic freedom and human capital investment

Using data from 1972 to 2011 on 109 countries, this paper empirically studies the impact of economic freedom on human capital investment. Enrollment in secondary education is used as a proxy for such investments. Controlling for a large number of other determinants of education, it finds that, over the sample period, economic freedom had a substantial positive effect. This is probably because more economic freedom increases the return on investing in human capital, enables people to keep a larger share of the return, and, by facilitating the operation of credit markets, makes it easier for them to undertake such investments in the first place.
Assessment of the Adequacy of External Auditing in Disclosing Fraud in Nigerian Commercial Banks

The primary purpose of auditing is to determine the true and fair view of the financial statements and investigation relates to checking of particular record for a specific purpose. The investigations launched by the financial regulators and other stakeholders into the cases of distressed banks revealed that accountants and auditors have not done their work properly. As a result of that, this study aims at assessing the adequacy of audit in disclosing fraud in commercial Banks of Nigeria. To achieve the objectives of the study, primary and secondary data were used. One hundred (150) questionnaires were administered to the study respondents that were purposively selected from eleven (11) commercial banks in Yola, auditing firms and shareholders. Guided interviews were also conducted with some of the respondents. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to test the research hypothesis. The analysis of responses gathered revealed that the external audit is not adequate in revealing fraud. Based on the finding, the study recommended that an interim audit should be made mandatory in the commercial banks by the regulatory authority along side forensic audit as it will reduce the gravity of frauds in commercial banks. Keywords: Assessment, A uditors’ report, Fraud, Management, Nigeria, Commercial banks,
Singular Traces on Semifinite von Neumann Algebras

Abstract Singular traces are constructed on a general semifinite von Neumann algebra, thus generalizing the result of Dixmier ( C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 262, 1966.) Moreover our technique produces singular traces on type II 1 factors. Such traces, though vanishing on all bounded operators, are non trivial on the *-algebra of affiliated unbounded operators. On a semifinite factor, we show that all traces are given by a dilation invariant functional on the cone of positive decreasing functions on [0, ∞), and we prove that the existence of a singular trace which is non trivial on a given operator is equivalent to an eccentricity condition on the singular values function, a result which generalizes the theorem given in (S. Albeverio, D. Guido, A. Ponosov, and S. Scarlatti, J. Funct. Anal ., to appear.) for B(H).
A Framework for Automatic SLA Creation

Negotiation is fundamental to business. Increased automation of business to business or business to customer interaction is demanding efficient but flexible systems that can manage the negotiation process with minimal direct human intervention. Industries that provide online services rely on Service Level Agreements as the basis for their contractual relationship. Here we look at a means for generating these with a negotiating tool (SLA Negotiation Manager) that complies with e-negotiation rules and creates the agreements from existing business objectives.
The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Enhancing Firm Performance from the Perspective of IT Employees in Jordanian Banking Sector: The Mediating Effect of Transformational Leadership

Direct relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and firm performance has been extensively studied by scholars in several majors. The direct examination of this relationship seems to be relatively imprecise since many other variables have indirect influence on this relationship. Therefore, this study takes into considerations Transformational Leadership (TFL) as a probable mediator in the role CSR plays to enhance the firm performanceamong Information Technology (IT) employees in banking sector. Data were collected from IT employees within IT departments from 25 banks in Jordan through a questionnaire survey. 354 valid questionnaires were returned and analyzed using different quantitative techniques. This research finds that CSR has a significant influence on firm performance and three of its dimensions, namely, economic responsibility, ethical responsibility, and discretionary responsibility have a significant effect on firm performance, whereas legal responsibility has no remarkable effect. It also finds that CSR has a positive influence on TFL. Specifically, discretionary responsibility has a significant effect on TFL, whereas other dimensions have no significant contribution to TFL. As well as, it finds that TFL has a positive contribution to the firm performance. Inspirational motivation and individualized consideration have the only remarkable contribution to the firm performance. Finally, it has been revealed that TFL partially mediates the relationship between CSR and firm performance.
Measuring Interaction Using Levels of Automation over TIme

Predictability of product quality and cycle and lead-times is vital for companies in order to improve production system performance and competitiveness. Ways of increasing predictability are e.g. elimination of identified problems and standardization of tasks. A frequent cause of problems in production systems is humanautomation interaction, a topic frequently approached by several research domains. This paper proposes that by analyzing changes in the production system’s physical and cognitive levels of automation (LoA) over time, system performance as well as effects of improvements can be predicted. A case study was conducted to test a proposed LoA-Time method, where a taxonomy for physical and cognitive LoA assessment was used. Preliminary results indicate that LoA-Time can be used to identify differences in skill and interaction patterns in order to suggest system improvements, in terms of reduced sub-task time and better support.