Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dr . Twitter : The Logistics of Practical Disease Surveillance using Social Media

The confluence of increasing computational capacity, cheaper digital storage, and high-volume sources of digital health-related information has made large-scale biosurveillance frameworks for predicting threats to public health increasingly practical. These frameworks consume vast quantities of digital information from traditional (e.g., CDC) and so-called nontraditional (e.g., social media) sources to make rapid disease forecasts. However, many of these frameworks have technical or logistical problems that preclude their use on a large scale; these range from insufficiently expressive models to lack of practical scalability. The Oak Ridge Biosurveillance Toolkit (ORBiT) was built to address many of these technical and logistical shortcomings, but many more remain to be tackled. In particular, we’ll discuss the modeling limitations of previous biosurveillance frameworks (e.g. Google Flu Trends) and what more robust models incorporate; we’ll investigate common sources of noise in social media datasets and how they can be mitigated; finally, we’ll consider the practicalities of scaling up such frameworks out of the research lab and into the real-time public health space.
Hierarchical Clustering for Discrimination Discovery: A Top-Down Approach

Today, data is an essential part of many decision-making processes in businesses and social life through the use of various machine learning techniques. These methods can easily perpetuate human bias in the data and result in discrimination. Despite a growing interest in data discrimination discovery and removal, to date there is a lack of a general and robust framework to distinguish discriminatory decision-making processes from non-discriminatory ones. In this work, we present a generic framework that helps detect possible discrimination by analyzing historical data and associated decisions using a top-down unsupervised approach, which we refer to as hierarchical clustering. Our approach is highly adaptive as it gradually "learns" users' inherent groups, and clusters their records using cohesiveness and density of points in the dataset. Moreover, we propose a progressive attribute-selection method to choose statistically relevant attributes, thus reducing the effect of noise. Finally, we adopt a recursive notion of cluster profile that is homogeneous w.r. t. decision labels. This allows for deeper insights on the data and on the decision-making underlying the final user classification. Our framework is able to identify both positive and negative bias resulting in discrimination. We also highlight patterns of discrimination revealed by the homogeneous cluster centroids, which otherwise could not be captured.
Der Ernährungsmediziner Mai 2017

das erste Halbjahr des neuen Jahres ist fast vorbei und im Bereich der Ernährungsmedizin hat sich viel getan. Die Aufnahme der Ernährungsmedizin in die Musterweiterbildungsordnung (MWBO) wurde vorangebracht. DGEM, BDEM und DAEM sind derzeit bemüht, die konkreten Inhalte der Weiterbildung zu definieren. Es ist Konsens, dass die Grundlage der Weiterbildung das Curriculum Ernährungsmedizin der Bundesärztekammer bleiben wird. Darauf aufbauend ist ein duales System geplant, welches einerseits eine stationäre klinische Ausbildung über zwei Jahre vorsieht, die aber durch Ableistung von Unterrichtseinheiten im Zeitraum von zwei Jahren auch berufsbegleitend absolviert werden kann. Als Äquivalent zu der stationären Weiterbildung sind unterschiedliche Konzepte im Gespräch. Eine allgemein konsentierte Einheit sind Patienten-Fall-Seminare. Diese Patienten-Fall-Seminare setzen eine aktive Vorbereitung der Teilnehmer voraus. So wird auch der zeitliche Aufwand zwischen stationärer Weiterbildung und berufsbegleitender Weiterbildung relativiert. Das Konzept dieser Patienten-Fall-Seminare können Sie hier in dem Ernährungsmediziner nachlesen, Sie können sich bereits für das erste Patienten-FallSeminar anmelden.
Classifying And Predicting Software Security Vulnerabilities based on Reproducibility

Security defects are common in large software systems because of their size and complexity. Although efficient development processes, testing, and maintenance policies are applied to software systems, there are still a large number of vulnerabilities that can remain, despite these measures. Some vulnerabilities stay in a system from one release to the next one because they cannot be easily reproduced through testing. These vulnerabilities endanger security of the systems. We propose vulnerability classification and prediction frameworks based on vulnerability reproducibility. The frameworks are effective to identify the types and locations of vulnerabilities in the earlier stage, and improve the security of software in the next versions (referred to as releases). We expand an existing concept of software bug classification to vulnerability classification (easily reproducible and hard to reproduce) to develop a classification framework for differentiating between these vulnerabilities based on code fixes and textual reports. We then investigate the potential correlations between the vulnerability categories and the classical software metrics and some other runtime environmental factors of reproducibility to develop a vulnerability prediction framework. The classification and prediction frameworks help developers adopt corresponding mitigation or elimination actions and develop appropriate test cases. Also, the
Effect of supplementation, birth type and sex on lambs’ growth rate under range condition. Online J. Anim. Feed Res., 6(2): 24-29

Supplementary feeding experiment was carried out with desert ewes and their lambs prior to late pregnancy days and during lactation period at Agricultural Research Station, El-Obeid, North Kordofan, Sudan. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of supplementation on body weight of lactating ewes and their lambs’ growth rate in the dry season. The ewes were allocated to one of four treatment groups, one group was the control (CTL) as in farmer practice. The second, third and fourth groups were supplemented with rations composed of local ingredients, diet 1 composed of groundnut seed cake, Roselle seeds, sorghum and 5% molasses (GRS-5%M), diet 2 composed of groundnut seed cake, Roselle seeds, and sorghum (GRS), and diet 3 composed of groundnut seed cake, Roselle seeds, sorghum and 7.5% molasses (GRS-7.5%M). Ewes and lambs were recorded within 4 h after birth. Lambs weights were recorded weekly before weaning weight (day 60) and tell 120 days. The results indicated that, lambs growth rate was highest for supplemented dams before weaning, lambs suckling dams supplemented with GRS-7.5%M recorded heavier (P < 0.05) weights, and then followed by GRS and GRS-7.5%M. Lambs suckling dams on control group (CTL) recorder lower (P < 0.05) growth rate in 75 days. Ewe's age had effect on lambs weight change, lambs suckling older animals gained weight earlier compared with younger, also the study showed that, male lambs had higher (P < 0.05) growth rate than female lambs. Single lambs were significantly heavier than twins before weaning.
The influence of triamcinolone acetonide on glaucoma surgery : a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Introduction: The impact of triamcinolone acetonide on glaucoma surgery remains controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of triamcinolone acetonide on the success rate of glaucoma surgery. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, and the Cochrane library databases through April 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of triamcinolone acetonide on glaucoma surgery. Results: Four RCTs involving 230 patients are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with the control group for glaucoma surgery, triamcinolone acetonide can significantly improve the success rate (RR=1.27; 95% CI=1.05 to 1.53; P=0.01) and reduce intraocular pressure in 6 months (MD=-0.62; 95% CI=-1.09 to -0.15; P=0.01) but shows no important impact on intraocular pressure at 1 week (MD=-3.48; 95% CI=-9.43 to 2.48; P=0.25) or 1 month (MD=-3.69; 95% CI=-9.56 to 2.19; P=0.22), antiglaucoma medications at 1 year (MD=-0.46; 95% CI=-0.93 to 0.01; P=0.05), BCVA (MD=-0.11; 95% CI=-0.34 to 0.11; P=0.33), hypotony (RR=1.48; 95% CI=0.72 to 3.07; P=0.29), and choroidal detachment (RR=1.45; 95% CI=0.41 to 5.10; P=0.56). Conclusions: Triamcinolone acetonide is associated with a significantly improved success rate and intraocular pressure control for glaucoma surgery.
Experimental Study on Detection of Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a neurological disease which can be referred as a disorder of the central nervous system, considered by the loss of consciousness and seizures. Epileptic patients are subjected to epileptic seizures that cause abnormal excessive brain activity. This condition affects approximately 5% of the world’s population. Ideally, it is possible to detect and predict epilepsy. For detection, we can consider computer electroencephalograph, smart watches etc., whereas for prediction we can use machine learning artificial intelligence, phase correlation. Our objective is to survey different approaches to Epileptic seizure detection. In our work, we have pre-processed the EEG signal of both normal and Epileptic signal by using a Chebyshev filter. Later, we have used Wavelet analysis to decompose the filtered signal into five sub-levels. However, we have considered only the lower sublevel for further processing. The features are extracted using wavelet decomposition for further analysis.
Dysregulation of Na +-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide ( NTCP ) plays a vital role in isoniazid-induced HepG 2 cells apoptosis

Isoniazid (INH) remains a mainstay for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis though it can cause liver injury and even liver failure. Therefore this study aimed to investigate the mechanism through which INH causes hepatoxicity based on liver transporter Na+-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) using human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. We evaluated cytotoxicity induced by INH and determined the role of NTCP in INH-induced HepG2 cells apoptosis. We discovered that after 24 h treatment of 6.5, 13, 26, 52 and 104 mM INH, the cell viability decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. NTCP was increased at 6.5, 13, 26 and 52 mM INH, and declined to normal level at 104 mM INH. Next NTCP inhibitor Cyclosporin A (CsA) blocked the cell viability suppression induced by INH. Likewise, the tendency to increase Annexin-positive cells and cleavedcaspase3 expression in response to INH was dependent on NTCP. Furthermore, CsA also partly abolished significant alterations including mitochondrial membrane potential and ratio of Bcl-2/Bax expression caused by INH. At last, we identified hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α)/peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) as potential regulators of NTCP expression. Briefly, the results above provided the first evidence that NTCP was indispensable in INH-induced HepG2 cells apoptosis and perhaps regulated by HNF4α/PGC1α.
Present status of research and production of tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes in Japan

The tiger puffer, Takifugu rubripes, is one of the most popular marine finfish cultured in Japan, and has a good market price of 3000 JPY/kg that is three times higher than those for yellowtail and red sea bream. Although aquaculture production of tiger puffer has been constant for the last 10 years at about 5000 tons a year, the market price has tended to decrease due to increasing imports of puffers, mostly from China. Tiger puffer has been produced with floating net cages along the coast of southern Japan like other marine finfish species. One of the most serious problems of cage aquaculture is extremely low productivity due to high mortality from outbreaks of parasitic diseases. Therefore, some farmers have started producing the fish in land based culture tanks with running seawater and some are interested in closed recirculating aquaculture. This paper describes the present status of commercial production of tiger puffer in Japan and available scientific information on optimum water temperature and salinity, proper stocking density, and nutrition and feeding for grow out. Productivity of tiger puffer in a closed system is also discussed.
Photonic Ising Machines Go Big A new optical processor for solving hard optimization problems breaks previous size records and is based on a highly scalable technology

I n the traveling salesman problem, a time-conscious peddler tries to find the shortest route connecting many cities. To find his solution, he must compare all possible paths—a computation that grows exponentially harder as the number of cities grows. This and other “combinatorial optimization problems” are ubiquitous in business, science, and engineering, and researchers are exploring novel approaches to solve them. But a promising tactic is to map these problems to a statistical model for interacting spins known as the Ising model, which is then solved on a special processor known as an Ising machine. Davide Pierangeli and colleagues at the University of Rome have now realized the largest photonic version of such a machine by representing more than ten thousand spins with a spatially
Some Rural Attractions which Attract Tourists

Developing rural tourism is a comprehensive strategy for improving the rural economy. The Structure Equation Model (SEM) approach was applied to test how attraction and experiential values of a rural region affect the tourists’ satisfaction and their decision to revisit. After interviewing 353 tourists during their trip to Hakka County, Miaoli, Taiwan, the new finding of this study is that rural life and culture are more attractive than rural scenery to tourists. This implies a strong preference for tourists to experience agricultural knowledge and engage with rural life and farming work. Furthermore, the experiential response generated from the indirect mediation effect of satisfaction had a significant effect, supporting the concept that satisfaction brings additional experiential values to the intentions of tourists to revisit and thus creates more revisit opportunities to those tour sites.
EN GASTROENTÉROLOGIE 2009 Prise en charge des sténoses iléales de maladie de Crohn Management of ileal stenosis in patients with Crohn ’ s disease

Résumé La constitution d’une sténose est la complication la plus fréquente de la maladie de Crohn. Elle peut résulter de lésions purement inflammatoires, fibrosantes ou néoplasiques. Les premières sont habituellement accessibles à un traitement médical anti-inflammatoire, les deuxièmes imposent un traitement mécanique endoscopique ou chirurgical et les troisièmes un traitement toujours chirurgical. La prise en charge est donc souvent multidisciplinaire médicale, radiologique, endoscopique et chirurgicale. Après une introduction sur la définition des sténoses, leurs explorations radiologiques (en insistant sur l’IRM), la description des modalités thérapeutiques possibles (incluant les anti-TNF ), nous envisageons la stratégie habituellement utilisée face aux situations les plus fréquentes : l’occlusion, la sténose inflammatoire iléale, la sténose serrée d’une anastomose iléocolique et la sténose fibreuse chronique iléale. Les décisions thérapeutiques tiennent compte de la radiologie, du taux de protéine C réactive et de l’étude des réponses aux traitements antérieurs. © 2009 Publié par Elsevier Masson SAS.
Application of point-of-care ultrasound in monitoring gastric residual volume in neurosurgical critical patients with enteral nutrition support

Objective: The aim of the current study was to explore the feasibility and value of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in monitoring gastric residual volume (GRV) in neurosurgical critical patients with enteral nutrition (EN) support. Methods: A total of 72 neurosurgical critical patients, newly admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and requiring EN support treatment, were collected and randomly divided into two groups, according to random number table. Groups included the POCUS monitoring GRV group (study group) and gastric juice withdrawal monitoring GRV group (control group), with 36 cases each. Nasogastric tubes were indwelled in patients of the two groups. Fresubin nutrition fluid was injected with a nutrient pump for 18 hours per day, according to the target feeding quantity, and adjusted by the detected GRV. After 7 consecutive days of observation, tolerance to EN, feeding interruption rates, the number of TEN total enteral nutrition (TEN), and average daily EN fluid volumes, prealbumin, and albumin levels, as well as prognosis, were compared. Results: During the observation period, incidence of reflux and aspiration in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group, with values of (8.3% vs. 27.8%, P=0.032) and (2.8% vs. 16.7%, P=0.047). There were no significant differences in incidence of diarrhea and feeding interruption between the two groups (P>0.05). The number of TEN and average daily EN liquid volumes in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with values of (88.9% vs. 69.4%, P=0.042) and (946.4±290.2 (mL/d) vs. 806.8±233.1 (mL/d), P=0.028). Levels of albumin and prealbumin in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with values of (31.7±4.6 (g/L) vs. 28.8±4.2 (g/L), P = 0.032) and (205.7±29.9 (mg/L) vs. 190.1±27.1 (mg/L), P=0.017). There were no significant differences in incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), ICU stays, and in-hospital mortality rates between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Monitoring gastric residual volume (GRV) with point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), guiding enteral nutrition (EN) support, can effectively reduce occurrence of reflux and aspiration and increase intake of EN. Therefore, this method is worthy of promotion.
Word Games as milestones for NLP research

While gamification and word games have a rich history of use in the studies of Natural Language Processing, we believe that their potential is still largely under-appreciated. In particular, we argue that apart from being a valuable aid in data collection, language games form a perfect set of milestones that may broadly guide the NLP research efforts. We analyze a range of word games, highlighting the high level cognitive functions involved in playing them, and provide our reasons for why we see word games as a particularly good set of milestones for Natural Language Processing, Cognitive Science, and Artificial Intelligence research.
Centella Asiatica Extracts Regulates Aluminium Chloride-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats: Impact on Inflammation, Apoptosis and Biogenic Amine Levels

investigate the therapeutic potential of CA against chronic Aluminium Chloride (AlCl3) exposure induced rats. Wistar albino rats were segregated into four groups: group 1-control rats, group 2-rats received AlCl3 (300 mg/kg body weight, every day orally) for 60 days, rats in group 3-received CA (500 mg/kg body weight, orally) and group 4 rats were initiated with both AlCl3 and CA treatment.
Image Processing Application on Graphics processors

In this work, we introduce real time image processing techniques using modern programmable Graphic Processing Units GPU. GPU are SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) device that is inherently data-parallel. By utilizing NVIDIA new GPU programming framework, “Compute Unified Device Architecture” CUDA as a computational resource, we realize significant acceleration in image processing algorithm computations. We show that a range of computer vision algorithms map readily to CUDA with significant performance gains. Specifically, we demonstrate the efficiency of our approach by a parallelization and optimization of image processing, Morphology applications and image integral.
Feature-Based Panoramic Background Generation for Object Tracking in Dynamic Video

In this paper, we propose the algorithm for making panoramic background and object tacking using pan-tilt-zoom camera. We draw an analogy relation between images for cylinder projection, rearrange of images, stitching, and blending. We can then make the panoramic background, and can track the object use the panoramic background. After generated the background, the proposed algorithm tracks the moving object. Therefore it can detect the wide area, and it tracks the object continuously. So the proposed algorithm is able to use at wide area to detect and track the object.
Null Controllability of the Weakly Dissipative Higher-order Camassa-Holm Equation with Moving Control

Abstract: In this paper, we study the null controllability of the weakly dissipative higher-order CamassaHolm equation on the one-dimensional torus. We construct a biorhogonal family in L(−T/2, T/2) and obtain the control function which is acting on a moving small interval with a constant velocity. Then we reduce the controllability problem to a moment problem. In the framework of the moment problem, we prove the null controllability of the higher-order CH equation in a suitable space with a regular intial data.
The impact of mountain hay meadow management on litter decomposition and root colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Soil life and particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a fundamental role in ecosystem functioning and are crucial drivers of vegetation dynamics and efficient nutrient use. This study investigated the effect of liquid manure application and aerial irrigation on litter decomposition and AMF colonization in mountain meadowlands. Six intensity levels of irrigation and fertilization were experimentally tested in eleven meadows located in the Swiss Alps. For litter decomposition, a novel teabag approach was followed. AMF root colonization was assessed from field samples and a trap culture experiment. Decomposition measured with tea bag burials was higher under maximal management intensity levels. AMF colonization was 22% lower in high-input compared to low-input plots in the field while in the trap cultures colonization levels depended on the functional plant species group. Our findings shed light on the impact of management intensification in mountain hay meadows on belowground functioning. Ultimately, the findings of this study will help to develop pragmatic management recommendations to farmers that would allow acceptable yields while preserving functional diversity.
The protective effect of cantharidinate sodium on cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenia in mice

Chemotherapy is commonly associated with adverse effects of leukopenia. Cantharidinate sodium, a derivative of cantharidin, is mainly used for cancer treatment due to its immunoregulatory functions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cantharidinate sodium on chemotherapy-induced leukopenia in mice. The mice were intraperitoneally administered with cyclophosphamide (CY) at 100 mg/kg for three days and on day 4, they were given cantharidinate sodium at 0.3 mg/kg by intravenous injection for ten days. Peripheral blood leukocytes were counted microscopically on days 5~14. 24 hours later after the last drug treatment, and the mice were euthanized. Percentages of CD34+ cells in the bone marrow and apoptosis of bone marrow cells (BMCs) were measured using flow cytometer. Secreted levels of GM-CSF and IL-6 in the bone marrow were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results demonstrate that cantharidinate sodium significantly increased the number of peripheral blood leukocytes compared with CY-treated group. The CD34+ cells and released GM-CSF levels were significantly increased on cantharidinate sodium treatment. However, the drug exerted no significant effect on IL-6 levels. In addition, cantharidinate sodium significantly blocked the CY-induced apoptosis of BMCs. Taken together, cantharidinate sodium demonstrated the benefit for mitigating chemotherapy-induced hematological toxicity.