Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unlocking the information in integrated social data

This paper was prepared for the New Zealand Ministry of Labor Conference on Data Integration and Linked Employer‐Employee Data held March 21–22, 2002. I would like to thank my coauthors Patrick Corbel, Rob Creecy, Bruno Crépon, John Haltiwanger, Francis Kramarz, Julia Lane, Paul Lengermann, David Margolis, Kevin McKinney, Ron Prevost, Sébastien Roux, Kristin Sandusky, Martha Stinson, Lars Vilhuber, and Simon Woodcock from whom I borrowed shamelessly for this presentation. I would also like to thank my Cornell, Census, and CREST colleagues Fredrik Andersson, Gary Benedetto, Chet Bowie, Bahattin Buyuksahin, Karen Conneely, Pat Doyle, Ron Ehrenberg, Nancy Gordon, Cheryl Grim, George Jakubson, Frederick Knickerbocker, Guy LaRoque, Cyr Linonis, Charles McCulloch, Nicole Nestoriak, Sebastien Perez‐Duarte, Jean‐Marc Robin, Marc Roemer, Bryce Stephens, Marty Wells, Bill Winkler, and Laura Zayatz, each of whom contributed substantially to this work. Funding was provided by the US Census Bureau, INSEE/CREST, the National Science Foundation (SES‐9978093 to Cornell University), the National Institute on Aging, the Sloan Foundation, and the Russell Sage Foundation.
Gesellschaftliche Tatbestände sichtbar machen. Otto Neurath über den Gegenstand der Wirtschaftswissenschaft und seine Visualisierung.

Ich werde im folgenden eine Brucke zwischen zwei zentralen Bereichen in Neuraths hochst umfangreichem und vielfaltigem Schaffen schlagen: zwischen den begrifflichen und methodischen Vorschlagen, mit denen er zur Modernisierung der Wirtschaftswissenschaft seiner Zeit beitragen wollte einerseits, und den Visualisierungsmethoden andererseits, die er von 1925 an, gemeinsam mit einem interdisziplinaren Team, am Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsmuseums in Wien erarbeitet hat. Ich schneide damit gleichsam einen Sektor aus den zahlreichen Gebieten, mit denen sich Neurath beschaftigt hat, heraus und zeichne die Zusammenhange nach - freilich nur in groben Zugen. Meine Uberlegungen zur Bildpadagogik im letzten Teil sind sehr knapp ausgefallen. Sie werden sich auf einige Hinweise zu den zentralen Prinzipien beschranken. Ich mochte darauf aufmerksam machen, dass Neuraths Ideen in den beiden Bereichen verbluffend aktuell sind und dass ihr wissenschaftliches und philosophisches Potential noch keineswegs ausgeschopft ist.
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Epilepsy: An Overview with Our Findings

Epilepsy affects more than 50 million people worldwide. It is foreseen that around 50 million people in the world have epilepsy, or about 1% of the population. (http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org; http://epilepsy.med.nyu.edu/epilepsy/frequentlyasked-questions: NYU Langone Medical Center, 2011). At the global level, it is estimated that there are nearly 50 million persons suffering from epilepsy of which three-fourths, i.e. 35 million, are in developing countries (http://www.searo.who.int.). It is the most common serious neurological condition. It can affect all age groups and it may be the result of an acute or chronic cerebral illness. Epileptic seizures begin simultaneously and several histopathological changes occur in both cerebral hemispheres. Epilepsy is a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by recurrent and sudden increase in electrical activity. Metabolic studies have shown that oxygen availability, glucose utilization, and blood flowall increase dramatically during epileptic seizures. It is also known that epileptic activity may induce some molecular and structural changes in the different brain regions (Ingvar & Siejo, 1983; Siesjo et al., 1986; Oztas et al., 2001).
Effekte einer kombinierten Förderung des Sprachverstehens und der phonologischen Bewusstheit zur Prävention von Lese-Rechtschreibschwierigkeiten

Die Effekte von zwei Masnahmen zur Forderung sprachlicher Kompetenzen und der phonologischen Bewusstheit wurden vergleichend bei Kindern mit sehr niedrigen Leistungen beim Nachsprechen von Satzen (PR < 5) evaluiert. Das Nachsprechen von Satzen gilt gleichermasen als aussagekraftig bei der Diagnose von Sprachauffalligkeiten und als Hinweis auf ein erhohtes Risiko fur die Entwicklung von Lese-Rechtschreibschwierigkeiten. Uber den Zeitraum der letzten beiden Kindergartenjahre bekamen 22 Kin-der eine sukzessive Forderung, bei der zunachst ein Programm zur Sprachforderung (KonLab) und anschliesend ein Training der phonologischen Bewusstheit (Horen, Lauschen, Lernen) durchgefuhrt wurde, wahrend 20 Kinder mit einer fusionierten Variante dieser beiden Programme gefordert wurden, bei der die Programme in ihre Bestandteile aufgegliedert und miteinander verknupft wurden. Am Ende der Klassenstufen 1, 2 und 3 durchgefuhrte Lese- und Rechtschreibtests zeigen, dass die sukzessive Forderung insgesamt deutlich hohere Leistungszuwachse bewirkt. Dieser Befund stutzt theoretische Modelle, bei denen die Entwicklung der phonologischen Bewusstheit als abhangig von der Verfugbarkeit sprachlicher Erfahrungen postuliert wird.
Forecasting exchange rates with robust models

Der gewohnliche Kleinstquadrate-Schatzer (OLS) kann durch Ausreiser stark verzerrt werden, was zu schlechten Eigenschaften in der Prognose fuhren kann. Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt den Vorschlag, robuste Regressionen auf der Basis des [tau]-Schatzers in ARIMA-Modellen fur Wechselkurse einzusetzen. Die verwendeten Daten sind tagliche Beobachtungen fur dieWechselkurse des britischen Pfund Sterling, des japanischen Yen, und des US-Dollar gegenuber dem Euro. Dummy-Variable fur angekundigte Makroeffekte und ein rollendes Schatzfenster werden in der Modellierung eingesetzt, um die Prognoseeigenschaften robuster und klassischer Schatzer zu vergleichen. Die Resultate demonstrieren, dass robuste Schatzer klassische Methoden dominieren, wogegen die Berucksichtigung der Effekt-Dummies kaum hilft, die Prognosegute zu verbessern.
An Analogy between Colour and Spatial Coding

The early stages of colour coding are well established in that the trichromatic receptor stage is followed by a set of opponent colour channels. One interpretation of the sequence is that opponent channels carry unrelated aspects of the colour stimulus, unlike the cone channels. The overlap of the cone channels can be removed by decorrelating their spectral-sensitivity functions, and this procedure has been found to give opponent colour channels which match those found psychophysically. Since the known spatial-frequency channels also show considerable overlap, the question arises which aspects of the spatial stimulus are captured by decorrelating the spatial-frequency channels. The results of decorrelating the spatial-frequency channels are that the first decorrelated spatial filter acts as a broad bandpass filter which has a peak sensitivity at 7.9 cycles deg−1, and that the second decorrelated spatial filter acts as an opponent spatial-frequency channel, with a minimum output at a low (4.1 cycles deg−1) spatial frequency and a maximum output at a high (15.1 cycles deg−1) spatial frequency. The characteristics of the first decorrelated filter closely resemble the properties of the foveal perceptive field which have been used to explain the Hermann grid illusion. Thus, the decorrelation analysis produces a model for the functional organisation of the channel implementation at the neural and psychophysical levels, but which directly relates to the subjective appearance of the visual stimuli.
Influencia del efecto sector en la determinación de las características de la empresa: un análisis empírico de las empresas

En este trabajo se ha abordado el estudio empirico de la importancia que los efectos sectoriales y de empresa tienen sobre la evolucion de las principales variables que recogen los resultados de las empresas espanolas. Los resultados han dejado patente la escasa influencia que el efecto sector tiene sobre los resultados empresariales Ello supone que la dotacion de recursos de la que dispone una empresa son el factor clave del exito sea cual sea el sector en el que opera, tal y como muestran trabajos como Rumelt (1991), Schmalensee (1985), McGahan y Porter (1997).
Consistencia en los experimentos de elección.: Una aplicación a los efectos de la calidad ambiental en la salud

En este trabajo se describen los resultados de un experimento de eleccion disenado para obtener el valor economico de los beneficios para la salud de una poblacion afectada por las emisiones atmosfericas de una central termo-electrica en Gran Canaria. El metodo permite obtener la disposicion a pagar de los individuos por mejoras en salud, definidas en base a la disminucion en el riesgo de presentar determinados sintomas relacionados con la contaminacion del aire, en la duracion de estos sintomas y en las restricciones que implican para la realizacion de actividades habituales. El diseno del experimento, utilizando ayudas visuales en la representacion de los atributos y limitando el numero de alternativas de eleccion presentadas a cada individuo a un numero manejable, ha facilitado la tarea cognitiva del encuestado, evitando los sesgos asociados a la habitual complejidad de este tipo de ejercicios. Tambien se han incorporado pruebas de consistencia relacionadas con a la monotonicidad y estabilidad de las preferencias obtenidas a partir de las respuestas multiples de cada individuo y los resultados confirman que, aunque el porcentaje de respuestas inconsistentes no es elevado, su impacto sobre las estimaciones de disposicion marginal a pagar y la dispersion de las mismas es significativo. En consecuencia, es necesario establecer mecanismos de deteccion y tratamiento de las respuestas inconsistentes pues estas condicionan sustantivamente los resultados. Una vez eliminadas las respuestas inconsistentes, la bondad de ajuste, la capacidad predictiva del modelo y su significatividad mejoran. Ademas, Las dimensiones de la enfermedad o atributos de eleccion presentados, asi como variables individuales de ingresos, experiencias con enfermedades y habitos diarios, muestran relacion teoricamente correcta y significativa con la disposicion individual a favorecer medidas de intervencion y estos resultados son robustos para diferentes modelos.
The Persistence of IPO Mispricing and the Predictive Power of Flipping

This paper examines underwriters' pricing errors and the information content of first-day trading activity in IPOs. We show that first-day winners continue to be winners over the first year, and first-day dogs continue to be relative dogs. Exceptions are "extra-hot" IPOs, which provide the worst future performance. We also demonstrate that large, supposedly informed, traders "flip" IPOs that perform the worst in the future. IPOs with low flipping generate abnormal returns of 1.5 percentage points per month over the first six months beginning on the third day. We show that flipping is predictable and conclude that underwriters' pricing errors are intentional. Copyright The American Finance Association 1999.
Theory and analytical performance evaluation of generalized correlation beamformers

Traditionally, passive detection and localization of an acoustic source has been based on exploiting the relative differences in temporally averaged power outputs of contiguous beams of an element-weighted beamformer. An alternate approach, the generalized correlation beamformer (GCBF), is proposed where a weighted Toeplitz-averaged (spatially averaged) correlation function is used to estimate the beamformer output power. All element-weight sequences can be transformed into correlation-weight sequences through a convolution operation. Additional weight sequences which cannot be generated from a convolution of real element-weight sequences are available for use in the GCBF. A special case of the GCBF was proposed by Wilson et al. (1995) in which the correlation-weights are set to unity, a correlation-weight sequence which cannot be obtained from any classical element-weight sequence. Although such a "boxcar" correlation-weight sequence produces a sharper main peak power response (improved resolution), it has the undesirable effect of producing abnormally high (positive and negative power) sidelobes. General analytical performance bounds are developed that accurately reflect the GCBF detection and bearing localization performance for a noise model that includes spatially white noise and spatially discrete interferers (clutter). Analysis results indicate that the GCBF with Bartlett correlation-weights outperformed the GCBF with unity correlation-weights for both detection and bearing estimation except when the clutter bearing is close to the signal bearing.
Prediction and Substantiation: A New Approach to Natural Language Processing

This paper describes a new approach to natural language processing which results in a very robust and efficient system. The approach taken is to integrate the parser with the rest of the system. This enables the parser to benefit from predictions that the rest of the system makes in the course of its processing. These predictions can be invaluable as guides to the parser in such difficult problem areas as resolving referents and selecting meanings of ambiguous words. A program, called FRUMP for Fast Reading Understanding and Memory Program, employs this approach to parsing. FRUMP skims articles rather than reading them for detail. The program works on the relatively unconstrained domain of news articles. It routinely understands stories it has never before seen. The program's success is largely due to its radically different approach to parsing.
Eosinophilic interstitial lung disease

Purpose of review Although rare, the eosinophilic lung diseases are being increasingly identified as distinct clinical entities. These disorders are a heterogeneous group of disorders in which there is an increased number of eosinophils in the airways and/or lung parenchyma. These disease entities may be broadly separated into airway disorders (asthma, allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis, eosinophilic bronchitis, and bronchocentric granulomatosis) and parenchymal (interstitial) disorders. This review and update will concentrate on the latter group of entities. Recent findings Recent publications in the field have concentrated on expanding the list of causative agents and clinical situations. An especially promising number of articles report advancements in the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms behind the development of the clinical syndromes. Summary Whatever the function of the eosinophil in these disorders, it is important to remember that the disease processes lumped together as the eosinophilic lung diseases are a heterogeneous group of diseases. In an attempt to categorize these disorders, they have been connected, either appropriately or artificially, by their association with the eosinophil. Nevertheless, the eosinophilic connection may serve as a clue to pathogenesis and treatment.
Remote self-learning of driving cycle for electric vehicle demonstrating area

The analysis of statistic data collected from real-time driving cycle of electric vehicle in demonstrating area is providing evident that some driving cycle conditions have significant influence on vehicle performance. In addition, vehicle performance results derived from driving cycles data show relationships that help to optimize control strategy. Statistical acceleration and deceleration distributions are developed as a function of speed and road type [1]. This paper presents a remote driving cycle self-learning system based on data stream collected from in-vehicle device using general packer radio service (GPRS). The remote driving cycle self-learning system adopts an in-vehicle device to acquire driving cycle data of electric vehicle through CAN bus and communicate wirelessly with data server by GPRS network and INTERNET. All this data can be stored in data server and be analyzed to classify as different driving cycle using SOM network. According to analyzed result, corresponding driving control strategy [2] is switched to optimize electric vehicle performance. The study shows that the remote driving cycle self-learning system is effective method to define and characterize driving cycle in electric vehicle in demonstrating area. In the sample application, the remote driving cycle self-learning system plays an importance role in optimizing the control and energy management strategy of electric vehicle.
Abstention Protocol for Accuracy and Speed

In order to confidently rely on machines to decide and perform tasks for us, there needs to be classifiers with reliably high accuracy. One of the challenges for having an accurate classifier is that the scarcity, quality, or richness of the training data can limit the Bayes upper bound of the accuracy. The second challenge is that having high accuracy could require complex and slow classifiers while fast and simple classifiers suffer from low accuracy. In this work, we have investigated abstention as a solution to both of the mentioned challenges. Abstention allows us to find how difficult if the task at hand for the classifier. Abstaining from a difficult task would result in higher accuracy. Abstaining from extra computation for an easy task would save computational time.
Infinite Continuous Adaptivity for Incompressible

Fig. 1. Adaptive simulation of a bunny shaped drop of water falling into a tank at particle mass ratios of 1:300. The left image shows the overall splashing effect while the top right image shows the fine visible surface detail. The color mapped image shows a cut away view with volume color coded from purple to yellow. Our algorithm allows for a smooth adaptive simulation with detailed surface and low interior resolution.
Mammalian Response to Cenozoic Climatic Change

Multiple episodes of rapid and gradual climatic changes influenced the evolution and ecology of mammalian species and communities throughout the Cenozoic. Climatic change influenced the abundance, genetic diversity, morphology, and geographic ranges of individual species. Within communities these responses interacted to catalyze immigration, speciation, and extinction. Combined they affected long-term patterns of community stability, functional turnover, biotic turnover, and diversity. Although the relative influence of climate on particular evolutionary processes is oft debated, an understanding of processes at the root of biotic change yields important insights into the complexity of mammalian response. Ultimately, all responses trace to events experienced by populations. However, many such processes emerge as patterns above the species level, where shared life history traits and evolutionary history allow us to generalize about mammalian response to climatic change. These generalizations provide the gr.
gag/pol Virus Encoded with Simian Immunodeficiency Vaccine Immune Responses by a Prime-Boost Induction of Positive Cellular and Humoral

It is believed likely that immune responses are responsible for controlling viral load and infection. In this study, when macaques were primed with plasmid DNA encoding SIV gag and pol genes (SIV gag/pol DNA) and then boosted with replication-deﬁcient vaccinia virus DIs recombinant expressing the same genes (rDIsSIV gag/pol ), this prime-boost regimen generated higher levels of Gag-speciﬁc CD4 (cid:1) and CD8 (cid:1) T cell responses than did either SIV gag/pol DNA or rDIsSIV gag/pol alone. When the macaques were i.v. challenged with pathogenic simian/HIV, the prime-boost group maintained high CD4 (cid:1) T cell counts and reduced plasma viral loads up to 30 wk after viral challenge, whereas the rDIsSIV gag/pol group showed only a partial attenuation of the viral infection, and the group immunized with SIV gag/pol DNA alone showed none at all. The protection levels were better correlated with the levels of virus-speciﬁc T cell responses than the levels of neutralization Ab responses. These results demonstrate that a vaccine regimen that primes with DNA and then boosts with a replication-defective vaccinia virus DIs generates anti-SIV immunity, suggesting that it will be a promising vaccine regimen for HIV-1 vaccine development. The Journal of Immunology, 2006, 176: 1784–1795.
CLONAL DIFFERENCES IN GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE ACTIVITY OF HEPATOMA CELLS

Most hepatomas contain only traces of glutamine synthetase (GS) although they originate from liver which has high levels of the enzyme (1-3) The H T C cell line which was derived from Morris Hepa toma 7288C retained certain characteristics of liver cells, notably the induction of tyrosine amino transferase (4, 5), while other liver characteristics, among them GS activity, could not be detected I Since H T C cells in culture apparently required glutamine for growth 1, the question arose whether the genetic information necessary for the synthesis of GS was absent or was present but for some reason was not expressed The present report shows that clones which produce glutamine synthetase and can survive without glutamine can be isolated from the H T C cell populat ion Some of the properties of these clones are outlined
Evaluation of juvenile hormone analogues as rodent feed-through insecticides for control of immature phlebotomine sandflies

The juvenile hormone analogues methoprene and pyriproxyfen were evaluated as rodent feed-through insecticides for control of immature stages of the sandfly Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli (Diptera: Psychodidae). The development and survival of P. papatasi second-instar larvae fed faeces from Syrian hamsters, Mesocricetus auratus, that had been fed a diet containing methoprene (0, 9.788, 97.88 or 978.8 p.p.m.) or pyriproxyfen (0, 9.82, 98.2 or 982 p.p.m.) were evaluated. The faeces of methoprene-treated hamsters greatly reduced the percentage of larvae that pupated at all concentrations tested and prevented adult emergence at all but the lowest concentration (9.788 p.p.m.). Pyriproxyfen prevented both pupation and adult emergence at all concentrations tested. The results of this study suggest that a control strategy using rodent baits containing juvenile hormone analogues to control phlebotomine sandflies that live in rodent burrows and feed on rodent faeces may be possible. As rodent reservoirs and vectors of Leishmania major live in close association in many parts of the Middle East, control of the transmission of the agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis may also be possible.
On the Impact of Micro-Packages: An Empirical Study of the npm JavaScript Ecosystem

The rise of user-contributed Open Source Software (OSS) ecosystems demonstrate their prevalence in the software engineering discipline. Libraries work together by depending on each other across the ecosystem. From these ecosystems emerges a minimized library called a micro-package. Micro- packages become problematic when breaks in a critical ecosystem dependency ripples its effects to unsuspecting users. In this paper, we investigate the impact of micro-packages in the npm JavaScript ecosystem. Specifically, we conducted an empirical in- vestigation with 169,964 JavaScript npm packages to understand (i) the widespread phenomena of micro-packages, (ii) the size dependencies inherited by a micro-package and (iii) the developer usage cost (ie., fetch, install, load times) of using a micro-package. Results of the study find that micro-packages form a significant portion of the npm ecosystem. Apart from the ease of readability and comprehension, we show that some micro-packages have long dependency chains and incur just as much usage costs as other npm packages. We envision that this work motivates the need for developers to be aware of how sensitive their third-party dependencies are to critical changes in the software ecosystem.